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__label__cc	0.708812	0.291188	The Access to Justice Research Network (AJRN) aims to connect a wide range of justice stakeholders who are passionate about access to justice in Canada. Coordinated by the Canadian Forum on Civil Justice the AJRN allows its members to share research, resources and other material related to access to justice. …………………………………………………………. Le but du Réseau de recherche sur l’accès à la justice (RRAJ) est de relier un vaste éventail d’intervenants en matière de justice. Le RRAJ est entretenu par le Forum canadien sur la justice civile (FCJC) et il permet aux membres du réseau de partager facilement des ressources d’accès à la justice. About / À Propos Justice Metrics World Justice Project Publishes 2017-2018 Rule of Law Index Report January 31, 2018 January 31, 2018 ajrn1 Leave a comment On January 31st, the World Justice Project (WJP) released its latest Rule of Law Index Report. This report is an annual publication that includes rule of law assessments of countries based on their level of adherence to 44 indicators grouped into the following 8 categories: Constraints on Government Powers Absence of Corruption Order and Security Countries are also evaluated on their adherence to a ninth factor – informal justice—that is not included in the aggregate scores. This year’s report includes assessments for 113 countries. The scores and rankings are based on data gathered from two sources: a General Population Poll (GPP) that is disseminated in the 3 largest cities of each country included in the ranking and, a Qualified Respondents’ Questionnaire (QRQ) that gathers responses from in-country experts in civil and commercial law, criminal justice, labor law and public health. The 2017-2018 Rule of Law Index is available online here: https://worldjusticeproject.org/sites/default/files/documents/WJP_ROLI_2017-18_Online-Edition.pdf. Previous Rule of Law Index publications can be accessed on the WJP website here: https://worldjusticeproject.org/our-work/wjp-rule-law-index/previous-editions-wjp-rule-law-index. World Justice Project Publishes Global Insights on Access to Justice Report The World Justice Project (WJP) has published its first-ever Global Insights on Access to Justice: Findings from the World Justice Project General Population Poll in 45 Countries report. The report is based on data gathered from an access to civil justice survey conducted with over 1,000 respondents in the 3 largest cities of the 45 countries included in the report. The survey questions were based on the following 11 themes: Types of legal problems experienced in the last two years Problem seriousness Sources of (professional and informal) help and advice Residual problem resolving behavior, such as attempts to learn more about the legal issue Reasons for advice not being obtained. Resolution process, through formal and informal means Fact and manner of conclusion Perceptions of the quality of the process and outcome Cost of problem resolution Legal capability, awareness, and confidence Impact of experiencing a legal problem The report is organized by country with data presented according to the paths that respondents followed to deal with their everyday legal problems, with an emphasis on: Incidence of Legal Problems Action or Inaction Status of Legal Problems Process, Perceptions & Legal Capability The Global Insights WJP report, international poll, methodology paper and summary statistics report can all be accessed here: https://worldjusticeproject.org/news/global-insights-access-justice. New Report Highlights Connection Between Legal Problems and Health Issues in the UK A new Global Insights report by the World Justice Project (WJP) indicates that 1 in 3 people (31%) who experience legal problems in the United Kingdom experience stress or physical health problems as a result. The Access to Justice survey that was conducted for this report also found that: 1 in 10 people in the UK who experience a legal problem within a 2-year period also experience a relationship breakdown as a result of their legal problem. Almost 1 in 5 (18%) lost their job, faced financial strain or experienced housing issues because of legal problems they experienced within the reference period of the survey. Trouble with neighbours was the most commonly experienced legal problem type reported by respondents in the UK survey with 1 in 5 (20%) experiencing this problem. Other common legal problems include: Accessing benefits or care Debt-related problems, including paying credit cards, utility bills or loans Harassment at work This article provides an overview of the survey results for the UK and discusses the findings in the context of other recent reports as well as budget cuts to the UK’s Legal Aid, Sentencing and Punishment of Offenders (Laspo) Act in recent years: https://www.theguardian.com/inequality/2018/jan/29/one-in-three-people-with-legal-problems-in-uk-develop-health-issues-report. For more on physical and mental health problems related to everyday legal problems in Canada, see the recent Canadian Forum on Civil Justice report published here. Law Foundation of Ontario Publishes “Supporting Law Students to Serve the Public” Annual Report The “Supporting Law Students to Serve the Public” Law Foundation of Ontario 2016 report is now available online. The “Supporting Law Students to Serve the Public” report highlights the Foundation’s ongoing support of legal education through grants to law schools and as a main funder of Pro Bono Students Canada. To learn more about the ways that the Law Foundation of Ontario is promoting diversity in the legal profession, responding to access to justice needs and advancing access to justice, read their recently published report here: http://www.lawfoundation.on.ca/wp-content/uploads/LFO-2016-annual-report.pdf. << Aider les étudiants en droit à servir le public >> rapport annuel 2016 de la Fondation du droit de l’Ontario est disponible en français ici: www.lawfoundation.on.ca/wp-content/uploads/FDO-Rapport-annuel-2016.pdf. Saskatchewan Access to Justice Bulletins January 8, 2018 January 8, 2018 ajrn1 Leave a comment The Saskatchewan Access to justice Working Group regularly publishes bulletins that include links to recent access to justice news, publications and events taking place in Saskatchewan and across Canada. To view their latest bulletin, click here. Archived bulletins are available here. The Cost of Experiencing Everyday Legal Problems related to Mental Health, Physical Health, Social Assistance, Loss of Employment and Loss of Housing January 5, 2018 January 30, 2018 ajrn1 Leave a comment Researchers at the Canadian Forum on Civil Justice (CFCJ) have published three new Cost of Justice reports that explore some of the frequently overlooked consequences of experiencing serious civil and family justice problems in Canada. Beyond the out-of-pocket monetary costs of everyday legal problems, millions of Canadians experience physical and mental health problems, loss of employment and a loss of housing as a direct consequence of the legal problem(s) that they face. In addition, based on findings from the CFCJ’s national Cost of Justice in Canada survey, Canadians also reported that they access government-mandated social assistance as a result of one or more serious civil or family justice problems that they experienced. To read the latest CFCJ Cost of Justice reports, click on the hyperlinked titles below: The Cost of Experiencing Everyday Legal Problems Related to Physical and Mental Health The Cost of Experiencing Everyday Legal Problems Related to Social Assistance The Cost of Experiencing Everyday Legal Problems Related to Loss of Employment and Loss of Housing Designing Legal Expert Systems The Honourable Thomas Cromwell’s The Lawyer’s Daily columns explore topical issues related to access to civil and family justice in Canada. His latest column features an interview with Professor Katie Sykes of Thompson Rivers University’s Faculty of Law about a course that Professor Sykes created and teaches on “Designing Legal Expert Systems”. This course, like several others being offered at law schools across Canada, are fostering innovation among law students and engaging them to identify creative solutions to justice system challenges. “Access to Justice: Katie Sykes on Designing Legal Expert Systems” is published on The Lawyer’s Daily website here and can also be accessed online here. Two New Publications from the Canadian Research Institute for Law and the Family The Canadian Research Institute for Law and the Family (CRILF) recently published two new papers: The Development of Parenting Coordination and an Examination of Policies and Practices in Ontario, British Columbia and Alberta Children’s Participation in Justice Processes: Finding the Best Ways Forward, Results from the Survey of Symposium Participants The Development of Parenting Coordination and an Examination of Policies and Practices in Ontario, British Columbia and Alberta was prepared by Dr. Lorne Bertrand and John-Paul Boyd and reviews the development of parenting coordination in the United States and its adoption in Canada. This paper also explores the findings of the research available to date on parenting coordination, its efficacy in resolving parenting disputes, its efficacy in steering such disputes out of court and its impact on parental conflict. The Development of Parenting Coordination and an Examination of Policies and Practices in Ontario, British Columbia and Alberta discusses the practice of parenting coordination in Alberta, British Columbia and Ontario, compares processes and training standards in those provinces, and makes recommendations for the practice of parenting coordination in Alberta, and in Canada generally. Children’s Participation in Justice Processes: Finding the Best Ways Forward, Results from the Survey of Symposium Participants was prepared by Joanne Paetsch, Dr. Lorne Bertrand and John-Paul Boyd and is the first written output from the “Children’s Participation in Justice Processes: Finding the Best Ways Forward” two-day symposium presented by the CRILF and the Alberta Office of the Child and Youth Advocate. The symposium offered a unique opportunity to survey an informed and involved pool of participants regarding their perceptions and experiences with children’s participation in justice processes. This report presents the final results of this survey of symposium participants, and includes recommendations for moving forward. Both publications are available on the CRILF website here: http://www.crilf.ca/publications.htm The details in this post were taken from information circulated by the CRILF. Special Issue of Windsor Yearbook of Access to Justice Explores Innovation and Access to Justice in a Diverse Justice Landscape The most recent volume of the Windsor Yearbook of Access to Justice includes a collection of scholarly articles on the theme of: “Innovation and Access to Justice: Addressing the Challenge of a Diverse Justice Ecosystem”. This special issue was edited by the Winkler Institute for Dispute Resolution’s academic co-directors, Nicole Aylwin and Martha Simmons and is available for free online here: https://ojs.uwindsor.ca/ojs/leddy/index.php/WYAJ/index. A2J Committees Access to Justice Related Conferences and Events Action Committee on Access to Justice in Civil and Family Matters Family Justice Innovative Partnerships and Collaborations Justice for Women SDG 16 access to justice access to justice advocates access to legal services advocacy alternative business structures alternative dispute resolution civil litigation COST OF JUSTICE Court Process and Simplification crowdsourcing domestic violence family law family services innovation legal aid legal incubators legal regulation magna carta online dispute resolution small claims staff lawyers tech the Labour Party Want to follow the AJRN Blog? / Nous vous invitons à suivre notre blogue. Enter your email address to follow the AJRN and receive notifications of new posts by email. Sign up for the AJRN listserv by sending an email to communications@cfcj-fcjc.org with “AJRN subscribe” indicated in the subject line. View theCFCJ’s profile on Facebook View cfcj_fcjc’s profile on Twitter	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0125.json.gz/line821
__label__wiki	0.701514	0.701514	Fade to Black (1980) D. Vernon Zimmerman In October of 1980, my family travelled from Oklahoma City to Houston to visit my aunt and uncle who had recently moved there from Southern California. As I was six, I only vaguely remember this trip. However, I do remember that on Friday the 14th, my dad took me to the first showing of Fade to Black. While this may seem strange to most, my parents gave me an extremely wide latitude when it came to what I was allowed to see at a tender age. I was already both a film buff and a horror fan. Plus, both my dad and I were bored and I think it may have been the only thing opening that weekend that looked remotely interesting. To say that Fade to Black changed my life would be something of an understatement. It opened a door for me that really lit the fire for my interest for older Hollywood films and, in the film’s protagonist, I found a palpable movie character whose interest in movies mirrored mine. However, given the film’s shortcomings, it’s a strange title to freely admit was such a life-changer. Some people fall in love with the movies after seeing Casablanca; I fell in love with them after this one. The film’s protagonist is Eric Binford, a socially-awkward and painfully shy outcast whose entire life revolves around the movies. He lives with his wheelchair-bound and intensely demanding Aunt Stella and works for a film distribution company where he is mercilessly ridiculed by his co-workers and seems to be on his last legs with his boss. After he is pushed to the edge, Binford begins donning the costumes of famous Hollywood characters and killing his tormentors. From a practical view, Fade to Black has myriad issues. It’s riddled with plot holes, packed with thinly-drawn secondary characters, contains bizarre and convenient coincidences, and presents a story that simply just isn’t very buyable. The dry, secondary storyline which requires Tim Thomerson’s coke-headed, liberal psychologist and Gwynne Gilford’s snappy beat cop to first screw and then solve the case feels like a bridge too far by every conceivable metric. Much of the time, writer/director Vernon Zimmerman (a craftsman most famous for Unholy Rollers, a Claudia Jennings-fronted roller derby picture) allows everyone to overplay their hands to the point where it’s obvious to everyone that Eric Binford is the “celluloid killer.” Well, everyone except the people who are charged with solving the case. There is a much better film trying to get out of Fade to Black. Hidden beneath the film’s insistence to try and be a slightly more serious slasher movie is an interesting and tragic story of a sick kid, the product of an almost-Hollywood scandal, irreparably stuck in the long-gone glamor of Hollywood that he finds in the glossies he buys in memorabilia shops, the movies he constantly watches, and in the fading Hollywood landmarks he visits around town. In Eric Binford’s world, it’s not enough that he scores a date with a Marilyn Monroe-lookalike (Linda Kerridge), he readily and confidentially insists that she IS Marilyn Monroe. Giving a performance that is the definition of “sympathetic,” Dennis Christopher’s tortured and bullied Eric Binford is nonetheless tough to watch. There are times where we can feel his character get smaller as he gets beaten down by everyone around him; his terse verbal retorts pitifully ineffective and without any authority. His taunting at the hands of a co-worker (the excellent Mickey Rourke) is believably sad and his failed connection with Kerridge is a heart-sinker. Added to this is a very slight hint of sexual abuse which could have been developed a bit further to help convincingly fuel Binford’s eventual spiral into madness. But Christopher’s saucer-eyed charm and wide grin builds real emotional capital early on that is needed as his character slowly deteriorates. And working for him rather than against him are his less-than-perfect approximations of his cinematic counterparts which add to the pathetic sadness of the character. His ersatz James Cagney and Laurence Olivier have the same depressing qualities found in the office goon who is certain his Austin Powers and Borat impersonations are still clever and relevant. The movie itself does actually have some moments of true greatness. Christopher’s sequences that are played in Dracula garb have a true creepiness to them, despite the film’s nonsensical nod to Hitchcock’s Psycho. Likewise, his appearances as the Mummy and Hopalong Cassidy are unnerving. Eve Brent Ashe absolutely chews up all the scenery in a performance that could be accurately described as Shelley Winters crossed with a pool of battery acid. Also great are the late Morgan Paull as a plausibly slimy movie producer who keeps the top seven buttons of his shirt undone and wears a completely ostentatious and utterly amazing Greek medallion, and Norman Burton as Binford’s exasperated asshole of a boss. But what really works is that the film captures a very specific Hollywood while simultaneously mourning a Hollywood that is no longer. Eric Binford pines for the glamorous Hollywood of old but is stuck living among the crumbling Hollywood of the late seventies, which kind-of-sort-of looked like a sun-kissed Times Square of the same era. The old memorabilia shops, the Hollywood Walk of Fame, and the shaggy, unkempt decadence of Ted Mann’s Chinese Theater are all on full display; it’s a place crawling with hookers, aspiring stars, and weirdos that all stand to remind people of the dank and depressing underbelly of the Dream Factory. And it is because of this coupled with the performances that the film transcends routine slasher territory. But due to its deficits, it’s a little less than the movie it could have been. Nostalgia being what it is, I’ll never not love Fade to Black nor will I ever see it as anything but a watershed title in my film education, for better or for worse. Fade to Black original trailer Posted in Film and tagged 1980, Dennis Christopher, Horror, Mickey Rourke, Vernon Zimmerman on July 2, 2017 by patrickcrain73. Leave a comment ← Dark Star (1974) – D. John Carpenter	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0125.json.gz/line827
__label__cc	0.689283	0.310717	Steampunkgroup 3 months ago Lucina over 7 years ago ToBier 1 day ago jephjacques about 1 year ago DIY about 1 month ago Adventure-Time about 1 month ago gehirnfasching over 4 years ago becausedragonage: makingfists: It’s like this… You’re fourteen and you’re reading Larry Niven’s “The Protector” because it’s your father’s favorite book and you like your father and you think he has good taste and the creature on the cover of the book looks interesting and you want to know what it’s about. And in it the female character does something better than the male character - because she’s been doing it her whole life and he’s only just learned - and he gets mad that she’s better at it than him. And you don’t understand why he would be mad about that, because, logically, she’d be better at it than him. She’s done it more. And he’s got a picture of a woman painted on the inside of his spacesuit, like a pinup girl, and it bothers you. But you’re fourteen and you don’t know how to put this into words. And then you’re fifteen and you’re reading “Orphans of the Sky” because it’s by a famous sci-fi author and it’s about a lost generation ship and how cool is that?!? but the women on the ship aren’t given a name until they’re married and you spend more time wondering what people call those women up until their marriage than you do focusing on the rest of the story. Even though this tidbit of information has nothing to do with the plot line of the story and is only brought up once in passing. But it’s a random thing to get worked up about in an otherwise all right book. Then you’re sixteen and you read “Dune” because your brother gave it to you for Christmas and it’s one of those books you have to read to earn your geek card. You spend an entire afternoon arguing over who is the main character - Paul or Jessica. And the more you contend Jessica, the more he says Paul, and you can’t make him see how the real hero is her. And you love Chani cause she’s tough and good with a knife, but at the end of the day, her killing Paul’s challengers is just a way to degrade them because those weenies lost to a girl. Then you’re seventeen and you don’t want to read “Stranger in a Strange Land” after the first seventy pages because something about it just leaves a bad taste in your mouth. All of this talk of water-brothers. You can’t even pin it down. And then you’re eighteen and you’ve given up on classic sci-fi, but that doesn’t stop your brother or your father from trying to get you to read more. Even when you bring them the books and bring them the passages and show them how the authors didn’t treat women like people. Your brother says, “Well, that was because of the time it was written in.” You get all worked up because these men couldn’t imagine a world in which women were equal, in which women were empowered and intelligent and literate and capable. You tell him - this, this is science fiction. This is all about imagining the world that could be and they couldn’t stand back long enough and dare to imagine how, not only technology would grow in time, but society would grow. But he blows you off because he can’t understand how it feels to be fourteen, fifteen, sixteen, seventeen and desperately wanting to like the books your father likes, because your father has good taste, and being unable to, because most of those books tell you that you’re not a full person in ways that are too subtle to put into words. It’s all cognitive dissonance: a little like a song played a bit out of tempo - enough that you recognize it’s off, but not enough to pin down what exactly is wrong. And then one day you’re twenty-two and studying sociology and some kind teacher finally gives you the words to explain all those little feelings that built and penned around inside of you for years. It’s like the world clicking into place. And that’s something your brother never had to struggle with. This is an excellent post to keep in mind when you see another recent post criticizing the current trend of dystopian sci-fi and going on about how sci-fi used to be about hope and wonder. No. It used to be about men. And now it’s not. Specifically white men. And I say this because a lot of the feminist sci fi centers white women & replicates the racism of classic sci fi. Not to mention the weird fetishization of POC on display in other spec fic like urban fantasy. Tags: sexism Reposted from lordminx Reposted from Naitlisz via kissalonecomplex ceruleancynic: amarilloo: dtk-womenwarriors: ART BY WESLEY BURT NOW THATS WHAT IM TALKING ABOUT oh would you fucking look at that WOMEN IN BATTLE GEAR/ARMOR THAT IS NOT DRIPPING WITH FROTHY-SLICK CURDS OF SEXISM goddes and men saide it was notte to bee but they would notte listen Tags: clothes fantasy sexism art Reposted from lore-the-keeper-of via taw Tags: sexism disney Reposted from herrkammer “ When I was a freshman, my sister was in eighth grade. There was a boy in two of her periods who would ask her out every single day. (Third and seventh period, if I remember correctly.) All day during third and seventh she would repeatedly tell him no. She didn’t beat around the bush, she didn’t lie and say she was taken—she just said no. One day, in third period, after being rejected several times, he said; “I have a gun in my locker. If you don’t say yes, I am going to shoot you in seventh.” [[MORE]] She refused again, but right after class she went to the principal’s office and told them what happened. They searched his locker and there was a gun in his backpack. When he was arrested, some of my sister’s friends (some female, even) told her that she was selfish for saying no so many times. That because of her, the entire school was in jeopardy. That it wouldn’t have killed her to say yes and give it a try, but because she was so mean to him, he lost his temper. Many of her male friends said it was “girls like her” that made all women seem like cockteases. Wouldn’t have killed her to say yes? If a man is willing to shoot someone for saying no, what happens to the poor soul who says yes? What happens the first time they disagree? What happens the first time she says she doesn’t want to have sex? That she isn’t in the mood? When they break up? Years later, when I was a senior, I was the only girl in my Criminal Justice class. The teacher, who used to be a sergeant in the police force, told us a story of something that had happened to a girl he knew when she was in high school. There was a guy who obviously had a crush on her and he made her uncomfortable. One day he finally gathered up the courage to ask her out, and she said no. The next day, during an assembly, he pulled a gun on her in front of everyone and threatened to kill her if she didn’t date him. He was tackled to the ground and the gun was taken from him. When my teacher asked the class who was at fault for the crime, I was the only person who said the boy was. All the other kids in the class (who were all boys) said that the girl was, that if she had said yes he would’ve never lost it and brought a gun and tried to kill her. When my teacher said that they were wrong and that this is what is wrong with society, that whenever a white boy commits a crime it’s someone else’s fault (music, television, video games, the victim) one boy raised his hand and literally said; “But if someone were to punch me and I punched him back, who is at fault for the fight? He is, not me. It’s self-defence. She started it, so anything that happens to her is in reaction to her actions .It’s simple cause and effect.” Even though he spent the rest of the calss period ripping into the boys and saying that you are always responsible for your own actions, and that women are allowed to say no and do not have to date them, they left class laughing about how idiotic he was and that he clearly had no idea how much it hurt to be rejected. So now we have a new school shooting, based solely on the fact some guy couldn’t get laid, and I see men, boys, applaudin him, or if they’re not applauding him, they’re laying blame on women as a whole. Just like my sister’s friends did. Just like the boys in my Criminal Justice class did. This isn’t something that’s rare. This isn’t something that never happens, or that a select group of men feel as if they are so entitled to women that saying no is not only the worst possible thing a woman can do, but is considered a form of “defence” when they commit a crime upon them (whether it be rape or murder-as-a-reaction-towards-rejection). Girls are being killed for saying no to prom invites. Girls are being killed for saying no to men. They are creating an atmosphere where women are too scared to say no, and the worst part is? They are doing it intentionally. They want society to be that way, they want women to say yes entirely out of fear. Even the boys and men who aren’t showing up to schools with guns are saying; “Well, you know, I wouldn’t do that, but you have to admit that if she had just said yes …” If you are a man and you defend this guys’ actions or try to find an excuse for it, or you denounce what really happened, or in any way lay blame on women, every girl you know, every woman you love, has just now thought to themselves that you might lose your shit and kill them someday for saying no. You have just lost their trust. And you know what? You deserve to lose it. ” cry laugh feel love peace panic: "Wouldn’t have killed her to say yes? If a man is willing to shoot someone for saying no, what happens to the poor soul who says yes? What happens the first time they disagree? What happens the first time she says she doesn’t want to have sex? That she isn’t in the mood? When they break up?" -vampmissedith.tumblr.com THIS IS MANDATORY READING! (via feminist-space) EVERYONE STOP WHAT YOU’RE DOING AND READ THIS. (via stfueverything) Reposted from bwana via lordminx → gs1.wac.edgecastcdn.net Tags: romance ghibli sexism motivational anigif Reposted from anime via usagi simpleescapism: flavorcountry: Dr. Mae Jemison, MD, the first black woman in space and first actual astronaut to appear on a Star Trek show, one of the very few people on this planet of whom two pictures can be posted depicting them doing their job on a spaceship with entirely different contexts. Holy shit this is a serious contender for the best post I’ve ever seen on tumblr. Tags: space startrek sexism Reposted from HexKitty via Stadtgespenst Compliments that aren’t about physical appearance Tags: sexism society help Reposted from dreckschippe via Carridwen “ I’m just gonna put this out there rhube: Rereblogging because Jen Williams (SennyDreadful on Twitter) was talking about how awesome early TNG was, and it reminded me of this. Yup, that’s a dude in a mini-dress uniform (or possibly a non-binary ensign in a mini-dress uniform) casually walking by in front of two poc ladies holding hands, in what 1987 thought the future could be. Remember when we thought equality was something we were gradually building towards? I mean, I know they were still a long way off from a gay main character, but you can see they were dreaming about going somewhere more radical. RIP mini-dress uniform for all body-types. — In Search of the Happiness Max, I'm just gonna put this out there Tags: startrek society anigif sexism Reposted from FreXxX via hairinmy → lierdumoa.tumblr.com spatscolombo: I just learned that Nichelle Nichols ad-libbed “sorry, neither” in rehearsals and they were only able to sneak it by the censors because it wasn’t in the script and—excuse me I’m overcome with happiness because my favorite Uhura line of all time was actually written by Uhura. Tags: startrek society quote sexism Reposted from treksoup via hairinmy People you will meet in discussions about sexism on the internet theadventuresofjulia: Literally, IRL.: People you will meet in discussions about sexism on the internet: Mr “Welcome to the real world”. Sexism happens. Always has, always will. Might as well suck it up and deal with it. Try to change society? What are you, mad? I don’t like it either, sunshine, but just be good and don’t make a fuss. Mr “Oh my god calm down it was a joke”. Everyone knows if you tack “lol” onto the end of a sentence, no one can get mad at you because you were being hilarious, and if anyone gets offended they’re being an uptight prick. You truly are the George Carlin of our time. Miss Validator. “I’m a girl, and I think this is HILARIOUS. Calm down feminists!” Watch as everyone in the thread uses her as yet another reason why you are stupid and oversensitive and they are hilarious and right. May also “apologise for her gender” in a cosmic blast of internalised misogyny. Mr “I refuse to believe this happens”. He would never cat call or rape and isn’t sexist at all and thinks gender roles are outmoded. Therefore, he thinks, everyone else thinks just like me too. Can’t line up women’s experiences of sexism with his own worldview, so dismisses everything they say, demanding “proof”. Sees no irony in this. Mr “actually you’ve got this the wrong way round”. Silly you! This is looks, feels, smells and tastes like misogyny but is actually misandry. Don’t worry, easy mistake to make, anyone could have done it. Just don’t say I’m wrong or I’ll link you to pages explaining why you have female privilege and call you an ignorant bitch. Mr EvoPsych! Has never studied this but has skimmed some articles and therefore can explain every facet of how human behaviour works. And why it’s just best and most natural for everyone to stick to their traditional gender roles. Because that’s how we did it in 10000bc. Women and men are just different, that’s why you’re not as smart as him. Mr totally unrelated point. Seriously dude, how did you even get here. Seems to be having a totally different discussion than the one you’re having, then whines that you aren’t addressing his points. Mr “I’m so not the problem here. Hello ladies.” Ugh, photoshopping is TERRIBLE, fashion is STUPID and I tell my girlfriend not to wear makeup because makeup is GROSS. I like small boobs - take that societal norms! You don’t have to have plastic surgery anymore, girls, because I like’em small. Stop dieting! I like a woman with meat on her bones. Read Proust! I like a lady who’s well-read. I don’t understand why you would want an item of clothing that cost more than £50 - you don’t need that to attract me, madam. What do you mean, you like wearing eyeliner and don’t dress yourself solely for my benefit? I told you I don’t like high heels! STOP DOING THINGS I DON’T LIKE! Tags: internet sexism Reposted from acid via miriamino 10 Things Agent Carter Did Right xmenthefanficseries: The seven tests that Agent Carter passed in two hours, and the three it thankfully failed. (Spoilers) 1. Passes the Mako Mori Test: The Test: “The show has a) at least one female character, b) who gets her own narrative, c) that is not about supporting a man’s story.” Peggy Carter isn’t kicking butt because she’s trying to prove herself to anyone, she’s doing it because she wants to help people. That’s why she joined the SSR back in WWII, it didn’t change when she met Rogers, and it hasn’t changed since she lost him. 2. Passes the Bechdel Test: The test: “The show has a) at least two women; b) who talk to each other; c) about something besides a man.” This is the lowest bar for female representation and not only does Agent Carter pass, but an entire sub-plot is nothing but two females talking to each other about everything but guys. 3. Passes the Oracle Test: The Test: “The show has a disabled character who a) is not there ‘to be fixed’; b) whose narrative does not revolve around the disability; c) does their job while having a disability, not in spite of having a disability.” Sousa is a wounded war vet who may not be able to chase down bad guys, but he has a voice in the group and does his job. He’s not trying to prove anything, nor does he have something to prove. You might even forget he’s disabled because it’s simply a part of who he is, not what he is. 4. Passes the Phryne Fisher Test: The Test: “The show has a female character who a) has a traditionally masculine job; b) does not masculinize herself for the sake of the job; c) uses her femininity to her advantage; d) is not sexualized in the narrative.” Peggy is allowed to be herself, and that means wearing whatever makes her comfortable. She wears skirts, has her hair done up, and her makeup is on point, for her, not for an audience who might want to sexualize her. And when she needs a day off to go hunt down bad guys without her boss knowing, she has no qualms in using his chauvinism against him. She even threw out that line about ‘until I’m married’ to convince the land lady to rent her an apartment. 5. Passes the Sexy Lamp Test: The Test: “Can you replace the female character with a sexy lamp? If so, then you’re a hack.” Just because Peggy is the title character doesn’t mean she can’t be overshadowed by her male counterparts. In Agent Carter, Peggy is more likely to hit you with a sexy lamp than be the sexy lamp. Angie also passes the sexy lamp test as the supporting character. 6. Passes the Lottie Test: The Test: “The show has a) character(s) who rival the main character’s job or love interest; b) have reasonable skill in the job or allure for the love interest; c) are likeable or at least respectable.” This fails when a rival is made either a complete idiot or horribly unlikable, but only to make the main character look good. In Agent Carter, Jack is chauvinistic but no more than expected for the time period. He’s intelligent and stays only a few steps behind Peggy who had an advantage over him because Stark confided in her. But this only gave her a head start, Peggy has to use her smarts and wit to keep ahead of him which only showcases how clever she is. 7. Passes the Brittle Sword Test: The Test: “Even a warrior’s sword has to be able to bend, otherwise it becomes brittle and breaks.” Peggy is certainly very strong but when her friend is killed, she first kicks a lot of butt, and then takes a moment to mourn and cry. Peggy is not made to look cold and heartless in order to make her appear to be a strong character, she’s allowed to have emotions. 8. Fails the Pantomime Test: The Test: “The female character can be swapped with a male character, with little to no edits, and the narrative still makes sense.” Peggy’s character does follow several tropes typically seen in male led storylines, but her characterization and personal plot points are uniquely feminine. Her fighting blatant chauvinism, her difficulty in finding a safe place to live, and other aspects of her story would not make sense if Peggy was Peter. 9. Fails the Moonlighting Test: The Test: “The main character a) is given a partner or work rival; b) this character is immediately set up to be the love interest; c) and they may be instantly despised by the main character in order to force sexual tension.” Peggy is given a partner, Jarvis, and a rival, Jack. Neither are set up as the love interest. This means that her interactions between them are not meant to further a ‘will they, won’t they’ sub-plot, but to actually further the plot. This serves to give Peggy, Jarvis, and Jack their own identities. 10. Fails the 9 to 5 Test The Test: “The female character a) has no female friends outside of work; or if she does a) she spends over half the time talking to said friend about work and/or relationship; b) the friend does not help to further character development; c) they are only there to bounce exposition off of.” While there is mention of Peggy’s job at ‘the phone company’, she spends most of her time talking to Angie about customers, apartments, and other girls. Peggy’s reluctance to put Angie in danger shows character evolution. Angie gives Peggy an existence outside of her work environment and offers more facets to her character. Tags: avengers sexism Reposted from witch-breed via rinka twowandsandadrink: ashkinator: politicalsexmaskitten: hooraychelle: yellowxperil: srsly tho this is absolutely a thing that dudes do all the f*ing time like where if he knows a girl doesn’t necessarily want to give him a hug, he will trap her in this position in front of witnesses where she has 2 options- both of which are undesirable for her, while simultaneously desirable for him if she doesn’t want to hug him, whatever she does, it will suck for her. she can 1. say nah and be the fucking asshole in front of other ppl or 2. forsake her corporeal boundaries and allow unwanted intimate contact it’s a fing trap Fing hate those dudes forreal. too many fing times ugh One day I was on the MAX (basically a giant street car that goes all over the metro area) on my way to meet up with a few friends. I didn’t look at anyone, I didn’t speak to anyone, I just stood to the side on my phone making sure I wasn’t going to be late to my meeting. Out of no where, this guy comes up to me and starts to chat me up. Me, being who I am, am absolutely terrified to tell this guy to f** off. He was at least half a foot taller than me, and was way too bulky for me to fight back. So I suck it up at humor him, say hello. Before introducing himself or asking me for my name, he asks me out on a date. Not wanting to piss him off I try to make light of the situation and I laugh, telling him that my boyfriend wouldn’t like the idea, but thank you for the offer. He just shrugs and says, “He doesn’t need to know.” At this point I’m scared out of my mind. There’s this guy who, after seeing me run two blocks to catch the train, comes up to me and has made it perfectly clear that he wasn’t going to leave without getting something out of me. I deny him a second time, saying, “I don’t even know you’re name. We’re strangers, I don’t know you.” He finally introduces himself and asks me for my phone number. I tell him I don’t give my number out to people I’ve just met and he says, “Fine, but at least take mine so we can meet up later.” So he watches me plug his number into my phone (which I deleted as soon as I knew I was safe and away from him) as we’re pulling up to my stop. I tell him I need to leave and switch trains and he tells me, “Oh, I’ll wait with you. I don’t have any plans, so I’m in no rush.” It’s important to note what at this point he had previously told me that he was late to a job interview, but he has all the time in the world because he still hasn’t gotten what he wanted from me; a yes. I get off of the train and he follows me, and waits at the platform with me for over ten minutes until my train arrives, asking me all sorts of personal questions about where I live and where I was going that day. As soon as the train pulls up he grabs for me and says, “Do I at least get a hug before you go?” I was terrified. I was embarrassed. This dude, who before even asking me for my name asks me out on a date and then continues to harass me after I tell him I have a boyfriend, asks me for a hug only fifteen minutes after meeting. People around us were staring at me, as if I was being rude for denying him, and every inch of me was mortified. I wanted to run, but I felt like if I had done that he would have chased after me and things would have gotten worse. So I did, and he squeezed me so tight I felt like I was going to burst. It took me a good ten seconds to get him to let go and I ran to the train car just as the doors were closing. He was trying to get me to miss my train so I would have to wait with him even longer. I would have been stuck there for over a half an hour until the next train came by, and the platform (aside from the few buses coming by) was now COMPLETELY EMPTY. He knew EXACTLY what he was doing and he knew EXACTLY how to get me alone with him. People, if you are in a situation like this do not feel obligated to give in. If someone is making you uncomfortable and asks to touch you in any way, YOU DO NOT HAVE TO SAY YES. Make excuses, be blunt, just straight up say ‘no’. If possible, go to someone else near by who you think can help you and ask them to help you. It’s important for guys to learn that they can’t get what they want just by asking over and over again. I got lucky. But not everyone does. Please, everyone, Be Safe. SECOND STORY TIME So I was on the transit bus alone one time. This was my first time riding, and so already I was PETRIFIED. I sit down, pull out my ipod, and begin to play some games. This guy sits down next to me, and begins trying to have a conversation. I don’t really respond, I don’t even look at him, just give half-hearted “mhm”s and “oh”s, as I don’t want to be rude if he was just striking up a friendly conversation. He then asks me on a date. Now, as I stated before, I already was absolutely petrified. My heart stopped and I didn’t know how to answer. So I just didn’t. He didn’t let up and I could feel his eyes on me. I quietly stammer out a “no thanks” and my stop HAPPENS to be coming up, so I pull the string thing to let the driver know I want to stop there, and once we stop and the doors open I get up and he asks me, “Well, can I at least have a hug before you go if you won’t go on a date with me?” This makes me break. There are now people staring, as we are the only people standing up and not getting off… So I just start crying. Hell, I am bawling almost instantly. He looks so fucking freaked out and people are now getting up to come over and comfort me/question him. I don’t stop crying, and he keeps trying to comfort me by touching me, and people are yelling at him for that. AND THEN. AND. FUCKING. THEN. THE GOD DAMN BUS DRIVER. A VERY EASILY 6 FOOT BURLY MAN. COMES OVER TO US. PULLS THE GUY AWAY. AND KNEELS DOWN. HE THEN ASKS, IN THE MOST CALM VOICE, “Did you request the stop?” I very slowly and shakily nod, as I am still crying my eyes out. He then asks, “Do you want to get off?” I give a quiet “mhm” and nod once again, and he offers me his hand. I take it, he stands up, and he escorts me off the bus. He asks me questions such as where I was going next, if I was going to meet someone shortly, if I was going to transfer buses from there. He was very polite and waited for me to answer the entire time, and my friend (who I was going to be meeting there) showed up. He asked me if this was someone I knew, I said yes, and he said alright, have a good day. He then told me- and this is something stuck in my mind forever, so it is word for word- "If some guy EVER starts harassing you like that again, do exactly what you did there. Cry. Cry and scream and have a temper tantrum. Not only will it throw him off, but it will get others to notice. They might not interfere, they might, but you will have gotten their attention and if you happen to go missing the next day the search for you will be a hell of a lot easier because everyone in that location will have seen you screaming and crying with a guy now very awkward with his actions. They will know. That is what my daughter did, and three days after she went missing she was back in my arms. I pray for you and every other person like you who has this done. You stay safe now, okay?" And after I began blubbering again, I nodded and he left. So this is the second lesson for yall. If you can not have the courage to say no or make an excuse, cry. Let out those sobs and tears and cry your heart out. Because it is going to make people notice and make people aware. Tags: gender sexism Reposted from dontneedfeminism via Shingomur spookydragoneridan: klokateercatlady: ilikechildren—fried: the-fault-in-our-youtubers: It’s On Us: To RECOGNIZE that non-consensual sex is sexual assault. To IDENTIFY situations in which sexual assault may occur. To INTERVENE in situations where consent has not or cannot be given. To CREATE an environment in which sexual assault is unacceptable and survivors are supported. It’s On Us a celebrity filled, gender-neutral, anti-sexual assault PSA? and this isn’t a BuzzFeed parody? I think I feel my heart growig three sizes US’ president and vice-president is in that video. Please do watch it and show support. Tags: sexism society ad Reposted from myfriendscallmemaury via happykokeshi benedictedcumberbabeof221: acitymadeofsong: wasureneba: tomlinfaggot: liquidpixie: dialray: ultimagus: littlewhinging: still one of the best things ive ever seen. slaughter melon reporting for duty. BROCONUT m a n g ERI NE FUCKING SLAUGHTERMELON too good to not reblog How can I not reblog slaughtermelon? isn’t bombegranite cucumber an actor I knew that was coming Tags: sexism internet Reposted from the-dreaming-phoenix via noisetales rgfellows: kanyewestboro: calanoida: Susanna and the Elders, Restored (Left) Susanna and the Elders, Restored with X-ray (Right) Kathleen Gilje, 1998 Oooh my gosh this is rad. This is so rad. For those who don’t know about this painting, the artist was the Baroque artist Artemisia Gentileschi. Gentileschi was a female painter in a time when it was very largely unheard of for a woman to be an artist. She managed to get the opportunity for training and eventual employment because her father, Orazio, was already a well established master painter who was very adamant that she get artistic training. He apparently saw a high degree of skill in some artwork she did as a hobby in childhood. He was very supportive of her and encouraged her to resist the “traditional attitude and psychological submission to brainwashing and the jealousy of her obvious talents.” Gentileschi became extremely well known in her time for painting female figures from the Bible and their suffering. For example, the one seen above depicts the story from the Book of Daniel. Susanna is bathing in her garden when two elders began to spy on her in the nude. As she finishes they stop her and tell her that they will tell everyone that they saw her have an affair with a young man (she’s married so this is an offense punishable by death) unless she has sex with them. She refuses, they tell their tale, and she is going to be put to death when the protagonist of the book (Daniel) stops them. So that painting above? That was her first major painting. She was SEVENTEEN-YEARS-OLD. For context, here is a painting of the same story by Alessandro Allori made just four years earlier in 1606: Wowwwww. That does not look like a woman being threatened with a choice between death or rape. So imagine 17 year old Artemisia trying to approach painting the scene of a woman being assaulted. And she paints what is seen in the x-ray above. A woman in horrifying, grotesque anguish with what appears to be a knife poised in her clenched hand. Damn that shit is real. Who wants to guess that she was advised by, perhaps her father or others, to tone it down. Women can’t look that grotesque. Sexual assault can’t be depicted as that horrifying. And women definitely can’t be seen as having the potential to fight back. Certainly not in artwork. Women need to be soft. They need to wilt from their captors but still look pretty and be a damsel in distress. So she changed it. What’s interesting to note is that she eventually painted and stuck with some of her own, less traditional depictions of women. However, that is more interesting with some context. (Warning for reference to rape, torture, and images of paintings which show violence and blood.) So, Gentileschi’s story continues in the very next year, 1611, when her father hires Agostino Tassi, an artist, to privately tutor her. It was in this time when Tassi raped her. He then proceeded to promise that he would marry her. He pointed out that if it got out that she had lost her virginity to a man she wasn’t going to marry then it would ruin her. Using this, he emotionally manipulated her into continuing a sexual relationship with him. However, he then proceeded to marry someone else. Horrified at this turn of events she went to her father. Orazio was having none of this shit and took Tassi to court. At that time, rape wasn’t technically an offense to warrant a trial, but the fact that he had taken her virginity (and therefore technically “damaged Orazio’s property”. ugh.) meant that the trial went along. It lasted for 7 months. During this time, to prove the truth of her words, Artemisia was given invasive gynecological examinations and was even questioned while being subjected to torture via thumb screws. It was also discovered during the trial that Tassi was planning to kill his current wife, have an affair with her sister, and steal a number of Orazio’s paintings. Tassi was found guilty and was given a prison sentence of…. ONE. YEAR……. Which he never even served because the verdict was annulled. During this time and a bit after (1611-1612), Artemisia painted her most famous work of Judith Slaying Holofernes. This bible story involved Holofernes, an Assyrian general, leading troops to invade and destroy Bethulia, the home of Judith. Judith decides to deal with this issue by coming to him, flirting with him to get his guard down, and then plying him with food and lots of wine. When he passed out, Judith and her handmaiden took his sword and cut his head off. Issue averted. The subject was a very popular one for art at the time. Here is a version of the scene painted in 1598-99 by Carivaggio, whom was a great stylistic influence on Artemisia: This depiction is a pretty good example of how this scene was typically depicted. Artists usually went out of their way to show Judith committing the act (or having committed it) while trying to detach her from the actual violence of it. In this way, they could avoid her losing the morality of her character and also avoid showing a woman committing such aggression. So here we see a young, rather delicate looking Judith in a pure white dress. She is daintily holding down this massive man and looks rather disgusted and upset at having to do this. Now, here is Artemisia’s: Damn. Thats a whole different scene. Here Holofernes looks less like he’s simply surprised by the goings ons and more like a man choking on his own blood and struggling fruitlessly against his captors. The blood here is less of a bright red than in Carrivaggio’s but is somehow more sickening. It feels more real, and gushes in a much less stylized way than Carrivaggio’s. Not to mention, Judith here is far from removed from the violence. She is putting her physical weight into this act. Her hands (much stronger looking than most depictions of women’s hands in early artwork) are working hard. Her face, as well, is completely different. She doesn’t look upset, necessarily, but more determined. It’s also worth note that the handmaiden is now involved in the action. It’s worth note because, during her rape trial, Artemisia stated that she had cried for help during the initial rape. Specifically she had called for Tassi’s female tenant in the building, Tuzia. Tuzia not only ignored her cries for help, but she also denied the whole happening. Tuzia had been a friend of Artemisia’s and in fact was one of her only female friends. Artemisia felt extremely betrayed, but rather than turning her against her own gender, this event instilled in her the deep importance of female relationships and solidarity among women. This can be seen in some of her artwork, and I believe in the one above, as well, with the inclusion of the handmaiden in the act. So, I just added a million words worth of information dump on a post when no one asked me, but there we go. I could talk for ages about Artemisia as a person and her depictions of women (even beyond what I wrote above. Don’t get me started on her depictions of female nudes in comparison to how male artists painted nude women at the time.) To sum up: Artemisia Gentileschi is rad as hell. This x-ray is also rad as hell and makes her even radder. I love art history. I’m reblogging this again to add something that I also think is important to know about Artemisia Gentileschi. Back in her time and through even to TODAY, there are people who argue that her artworks were greatly aided by her father…. As in he either helped her paint them or just straight up painted them himself. Hell, there are a number of works only recently (past several years or so) that have been officially attributed to Artemisia because people originally saw the signature with “Gentileschi” in it and automatically attributed it to Orazio. So, not only was Artemisia Gentileschi an amazing artist and amazing historical figure, but I don’t want it to be ignored that there are people over 400 years later who still won’t give her the credit she deserves, just because she’s a woman and obviously women can’t paint like she did. Tags: sexism history art Reposted from madoku via adhara foreverpruned: black-american-queen: dapenguinninja: giddytf2: gyrojojo: leylatimur: yeeees why is Ursula shunned from King Triton’s society? does it have something to do with being more powerful than him? why does King Triton have a magical trident, being otherwise a pretty regular merman? Ursula is a witch, if anyone should have a magical artifact it should be her, did King Triton steal it? and finally, Ursula didn’t do Ariel much wrong Ariel wanted some legs (and a vagina) and Ursula told her flat out that in the surface world you can have a vagina or a voice, not both i’d watch the hell out of a movie about Ursula “Ursula told her flat out that in the surface world you can have a vagina or a voice, not both” ohhhh shit though, ursula was being too real about the world although perhaps a bit too literal Okay, these were all excellent points and I’ll never see The Little Mermaid the same way again. I laughed at that caption at first then the reality actually hit me you can have a vagina or a voice, not both” Reposted from mrningbrd via vertheer Margaret Hamilton , Project Apollo lead software engineer, showing off her source code Tags: sexism space Reposted from c3o via myhead Tags: disney sexism Reposted from fungi via LukasYork	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0125.json.gz/line831
__label__cc	0.69156	0.30844	Author: Arnold R. Kropp About Mr. Arnold. Back in the days when I was a kid growing up in south Chicago, freely roaming around the neighborhood was common, and just a part of life in the late '40s and early '50s. A train track was less than a mile away and a favorite place to walk along the rails. A large city park was a bit closer with areas of dense trees and areas of open grassy picnic grounds. A public golf course was just two blocks away, but the famed 4-lane busy Western avenue had to be crossed to get to it, and we crossed in the middle of the block running between the cars and trucks. We knew the risks. In the winters, we would climb that fence making our way to one of the ponds, we’d push and shovel away the snow and play a spontaneous game of hockey, or bring a sled and slide down the hillside ; no adults, no special padding, just a group of kids enjoying the contest. Dad was at work. Mom was home tending to the laundry and preparing the family meal for promptly at 6 pm. Life was good. It was fun. Sunday mornings were dress up in suit and tie, polished shoes for Sunday school and the worship service, then to a restaurant. Arnold went on to college immediately after high school, but could not find a subject, a major that was really up his alley, so he enlisted in the Army and served in Germany during the years the Berlin wall was built. Seeing what effects Soviet communism had on the people of East Germany left an impression on him. During those years, he would write many long letters home starting a desire to write more than just letters. Many years later Arnold developed a blog where he posted hundreds of articles on the political side of American life. Some of those are available in the collection named "Ramblings". Today, Society is totally different from that of the '50s, a whole lot different. Today, it has become scary to let the kids roam. Today it has become organized to the hilt with 2nd graders playing organized football. In my present relatively quiet neighborhood, I do see kids walking the streets, but there is a difference as the kids seem to be apprehensive and on guard or intently operating a telephone as they walk, not running after each other playing hide and seek. Today, the above freedoms of the '50s are suspect and avoided as being dangerous activities. And that is sad. It's sad that today's kids do not have that freedom, and it may be having a direct effect on their development. Consider, one fact that is readily apparent today compared to yesterday; the preponderance of overweight and obese kids, even pre-school kids are heavier than we were, and this has to be affecting the rest of their daily lives. No doubt about it. But, I'd better hush, can't talk about those things. Yes, in the '50s there were Semi-trucks, public transportation, murders, rape, robberies, house fires, sickness and diseases resulting in death, and yes, there were deadly vehicle accidents too. There was even poverty and homosexuals too. We went to public schools, and the high school was integrated. This was Chicago, but those events did not make the headlines, as news was only broadcast at 6pm and possibly 10pm nightcap. Days of the cold war kept us together as a nation. We saw the "Victory at Sea" war clips before the main feature at the theaters. And now technology dominates life. A cell phone in every handy pocket posting selfies. A computer saving everything to one of those cumulous clouds. Room size TV’s broadcasting everything 24/7. This is more information than I want. Let me decide something. I think. therefore, I am. I was born a male, therefore I am. I was born-again, therefore I am. I have life within, therefore I am. The news is not my guide. The TV is not my Sheppard. Our current drug problem of “illicit drugs”. Recently, the problem of so many people overdosing on opioid substances resulting in some ending their lives, some ending in prison has crept into the mainstream with the department of Health and Human Services declaring it as a public health emergency. “Opioid substances, including commonly prescribed prescription painkillers such as oxycodone and synthetic substances such as fentanyl, claimed 59,000 lives in 2016.” [1] In the mid 80’s drug overdoses were taking lives as crack cocaine became known, still being used today. In the 60-70s it was Marijuana, still being misused today. The common idea of locking them up and banning the drug was the proposed solution. Now thousands are in prison for the crime of possession. Has it worked? Obviously not as the crisis has just morphed into using different drugs and getting them illegally. But why do the young do it? Why do they desire to consume a substance that will possibly knock them unconscious? Why? Are they aware of the consequences? Do they even care? Is it just thought of as going on a drunken high, and waking up with only a headache? Have they started out with only a high the first time. “Wow that feels good.” Then soon again seeking that same feeling of extreme joy, but then the just one pill has required 3 or 4 to get the same effect and soon they’re hooked. “More, I need another, please, it’s not working.” Why? Why do we seek these ‘highs”? Is it the desire for continual joy, happiness? Marijuana is grown as a plant, a green leafy item having its own healing qualities built in, designed by the Creator as a benefit to mankind. When and who discovered its usage. One day, thousands of years ago a guy was out picking the veggies for dinner; potatoes, corn, a head of lettuce, tomatoes and beheading a chicken to roast over an open fire, when he saw an unfamiliar plant growing along the hillside. Humm? He picks it, fingers it, licks it, tastes good. So, he gathers a bunch to add to the night’s dinner. They all enjoy it and feel pretty good, so the item becomes a regular part of the diet. But soon the hard-working youngster devour more and more of it resulting in physical fits thrashing about and he dies. The tribe leader pulls the tribe together telling them all that they’ve got to use wisdom when consuming this plant. Your diet is best when varied. Yes, it does relieve that back pain but use it sparingly. But the advice is ignored, so the next step is to ban the leafy plant from being harvested, but the young sneak out and get bunches anyway. How do we avoid that part of our inherited nature? “The fear of the LORD is the beginning of knowledge: but fools despise wisdom and instruction.” Proverbs 1:7 “Where there is no revelation, people cast off restraint; but blessed are those who heed wisdom’s instruction.” Proverbs 29:18 “But seek ye first the kingdom of God, and his righteousness; and all these things shall be added unto you.” Matt 6:32. The solution to the drug problem is not prisons, not the banning of the drug, but is in first things first. Treatment and rehabilitation of those afflicted instilling knowledge, understanding and wisdom. ]1] https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/acts-of-faith/wp/2017/10/26/lock-them-up-my-double-standard-in-responding-to-the-crack-crisis-vs-the-opioid-epidemic/?utm_term=.fcc20ab3c9b1 Author Arnold R. KroppPosted on October 28, 2017 Categories ScripturesLeave a comment on Our current drug problem of “illicit drugs”. Scientists at CERN wonder why we’re still here. This brief note is my summary of an article. Scientists at CERN a $1.24 billion subsidized scientific community now wonder why we even exist. Scientists at CERN have been working day in day out to discover a bit more of this universe. They’ve found the atomic matter that combined with other matter makes up the next level of the physical; building blocks of the universe. They’ve also discovered what is called anti-matter, or anti-particles, unstable sub-atomic matter that fights against matter. Most of this is beyond a non-scientist understanding, but here goes. Scientist are confused. They’ve been saying that this universe was boomed into existence by that big bang, but this anti-matter stuff indicates that the universe should not be because the bang would have continued banging according to the laws of physics, eventually causing the universe to reverse into nothingness. But they’re not giving up hope of finding the original matter, now looking at the way the force of gravity pulls the sub atomic matter down. Supposedly then the anti-matter will be pulled up. But then if these sub-atomic pieces of matter separate, then reason has it that there would be giant holes between matter. Is that the black hole they’ve seen way out in outer space? But why then isn’t the distance between the matter and ant-matter here in our universe, like here on this earth. So, the conjecture now is that we shouldn’t even exist. Sorry scientists, but you’ll never ever scientifically discover how we humans have been put together by those tiny pieces of matter and anti-matter forming together in bunches creating skin, muscle, bones, arteries, a heart, lung, a mouth, nose, ears, eyes and hair along with the ability to think, reason, speak, and give birth to another. Read Genesis. http://www.wnd.com/2017/10/scientists-baffled-universe-shouldnt-exist/ Author Arnold R. KroppPosted on October 27, 2017 Categories ScripturesLeave a comment on Scientists at CERN wonder why we’re still here. Watching the Ants. What inspired me to write “Considering the Ant.”? Sitting on the deck one day the line of ants caught my eye as they climbed up the seven-foot post to get some of the sweet stuff in the hummingbird feeder. Back and forth they went. Amazing, that as small as they are, they seemed to be able to smell, to find the sweet stuff.a long way off. I then envisioned myself standing on the sidewalk of the Empire State building smelling a cinnamon roll at the top and then scaling the outside to get some. Nature is amazing. Our intuitive gifts are amazing. Our ability to create is amazing. Turn off the technology for a moment and “Be still and know.” Author Arnold R. KroppPosted on October 24, 2017 Categories ScripturesLeave a comment on Watching the Ants. Excerpt from “Considering the Ant.” “Ah, we can look at the complete snow flake or get in close to view the intricate design, just as this human brain has been viewed by science and they inform us all that these 100 billion or so neurons have supposedly come together combing together to form this brain of ours. Trillions of combinations of a 1 and a 0; eight of which form a bit were organized and designed to create that smart phone. It didn’t just evolve together over billions of years, no, there were designers working on that. Mega-trillions of those bytes put together make the computer work doing marvelous things as we stare into that piece of plastic playing games, connecting to each other thru social media, reading the latest news and storing all that information within a finger size disk. Designed by human intelligence. No, it was not just a random happening in a lab somewhere. Our human intelligence created that masterpiece. A Devine intelligence beyond us designed and created this brain and body of ours.” Author Arnold R. KroppPosted on September 30, 2017 October 24, 2017 Categories ScripturesLeave a comment on Excerpt from “Considering the Ant.” This past week has been a thought opener for me. Two events: the hope of the end times promoted by David Meade. 2.the NFL haggling over taking a knee. An article came to mind: one remembering Martin Luther, way back in the 1500’s when he resisted the authorities by posting his 95 theses ushering in the Protestant Reformation. Luther had a crisis situation that promoted him to ‘live as if God was real’ by sending that lightning strike to get his attention. Do we consider that the wrath of nature (hurricanes, tornadoes, lightning) may be the Almighty Creator God trying to get our attention directed toward HIM? Luther did. Moses did. Noah too. The Bible tells us about the end times? The tribulation (7 years, 3 ½ years?) The thousand-year reign when all things are restored. Restored to what? To the time before Adam and Eve disobeyed? To an earthly paradise again? What will that be like for us personally? God told Adam to work for 6 days and take the 7th day for rest. So, will we still be working during the 1000-year reign when Jesus rules from Jerusalem. 1000 years? Will our life span then be comparable to those famous ole timers of around 1000 years; Adam lived for 930 years, Moses for 960. Hmm, If the Lord came back today would I have another 921 years of life. All sickness, weakness and disease wiped out, fit as a fiddle for 8 centuries. No snakes tempting, but will TV adds still be tempting? Just pondering. Author Arnold R. KroppPosted on September 28, 2017 September 28, 2017 Categories ScripturesLeave a comment on Blog This is the excerpt for a featured post. Author Arnold R. KroppPosted on September 20, 2017 September 28, 2017 Categories ScripturesTags featuredLeave a comment on Featured Content	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0125.json.gz/line834
__label__wiki	0.760468	0.760468	Christian Leaders Respond To Anti-LGBTQ 'Nashville Statement' With A Message Of Acceptance "A new day is dawning in the Church." Jill O'Rourke Earlier this week, an evangelical group called the Council on Biblical Manhood and Womanhood released "The Nashville Statement," a manifesto of 14 beliefs, signed by 150 evangelical leaders. The statement made headlines for its anti-LGBTQ stance, declaring it "sinful to approve of homosexual immorality or transgenderism." Many on social media have spoken out against the message, including Nashville Mayor Megan Barry. According to USA Today, the document was named after Nashville because that is where the draft was finalized. However, Barry made it clear in a strongly worded tweet that the statement was "poorly named and does not represent the inclusive values of the city & people of Nashville." The @CBMWorg's so-called "Nashville Statement" is poorly named and does not represent the inclusive values of the city & people of Nashville — Megan Barry (@MayorMeganBarry) August 29, 2017 And Barry isn't the only one condemning the document. According to HuffPost, a group of more than 300 Christian leaders, educators, and activists (that's twice as many as the Nashville Statement) signed a statement of their own on Wednesday. The document, titled "Christians United," sends a message of acceptance and inclusion. "A new day is dawning in the Church, and all Christians are being called to step out boldly and unapologetically in affirmation and celebration of our LGBT+ siblings as equal participants in the Kingdom of God," the statement reads. It goes on to outline 10 articles, modeled after the Nashville Statement's wording of affirmations and denials. "WE AFFIRM that every human being is created in the image and likeness of God and that the great diversity expressed in humanity through our wide spectrum of unique sexualities and gender identities is a perfect reflection of the magnitude of God's creative work," the first article reads. The statement also denies that marriage is designed only for a man and a woman, and condemns the use of "treatment or therapy" to change someone's sexual orientation or gender identity, a practice which is still legal in much of the United States. "WE DENY that Christ rejects anyone from his loving embrace because of their sexuality or gender identity. We likewise deny that homosexuality, bisexuality, queer sexuality, trans* identity, asexuality, or any other queer identity is sinful, distorted, or outside of God's created intent," the document concludes. #ChristiansUnited is a response to the damaging doctrine promoted by the #NashvilleStatement Add your name today! https://t.co/eg5Gu3F6SE pic.twitter.com/40VNHCvAGS — Brandan Robertson (@BrandanJR) August 30, 2017 Others in the Christian community who agree with the "Christians United" statement are encouraged to add their own names. According to the website, the document received over 1,000 signatures from Christians around the world in the first 24 hours. Another statement, released by spiritual artists' collective The Liturgists (who have a podcast of the same name), has earned thousands of signatures of its own. "In the same way that we no longer accept the morality of slavery based on its inclusion in our scriptures, we can no longer project first century notions of sex and sexuality on people today," the statement reads, later adding, "We stand in solidarity with LGBTQ folks, and commit to standing alongside them in the work of resisting those who persecute them." The statement also suggests donating to various LGBTQ Christian organizations, including Faithfully LGBT, The Reformation Project, Nomad Partnerships, and The Gay Christian Network. These messages of solidarity and inclusion come at an important time for LGBTQ people in the United States. As Brandan Robertson, the activist who drafted the "Christians United" document, told HuffPost, "The reality is that there is a rapidly growing wave of Christians around the world that embrace an inclusive, unifying, healing message, and that's what I had hoped to portray in this statement." (H/T: Bustle) Cover image via Shutterstock /txking. 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__label__cc	0.658763	0.341237	Portland (503) 577-2959 Vancouver (360) 904-6782 Community Volunteering How to Choose a VoIP System Cloud Hosted VoIP Systems On Premise VoIP Systems Digital & Hybrid IP Systems Phone System Installation Allworx Systems Avaya Systems Panasonic Systems Yealink Phones Telecom Glossary America’s Phone Guys employees regularly volunteer their time, skills and creative insights to help those in need. Whether helping out in simple ways or seeking solutions to global challenges, America’s Phone Guys employees help make a meaningful difference in the lives of others and have an enduring impact on the Vancouver, WA and Portland, OR communities where they live and work. Small Business and Government Over-Regulation During an employment law challenge America’s Phone Guys were offered an opportunity to be in a mini-documentary. Both Oregon and Washington claimed one of their team as based in their states. The team member lived in Oregon and worked the majority of their time there. However, Washington State specified that dispatching and hiring from Vancouver made them a Washington based employee. Neither state would concede and the Phone Guys had to follow the rules and regulations of both states for this person. Caleb and Lois were told that in order to get a definitive answer they would need to fight the issue in court. Going to court is the last thing any small business wants to do, let alone pay for. Seeking help they reached out to the legal office of the NFIB (National Federation of Independent Business). In the end, their involvement with this organization led Lois to participate with the Department of Labor and Industries during rule making for Initiative 1433. As a result, the rules when published will identify an example mirroring theirs as the exception to the new rules and specify people in this situation as definitively Oregon based employees. Children’s Cancer Association Click to Volunteer! In February 2008, a friend Lois had worked with was diagnosed with stage 4 Pancreatic cancer. The friend was Korean (born & raised) and at times had some difficulty with English communication, though Lois and her friend were always able to communicate easily. Lois asked if she would like her to attend doctors appointments with her to make certain she understood everything & that she was understood as well. The friend was happy to have Lois there as her advocate, and through that process Lois learned a lot about cancer and cancer doctors. The friend passed away in July 2008. During these few months Lois kept feeling she was being prepared for something. In May 2009, Lois’ husband was diagnosed with stage 4 base of tongue cancer. She went to every doctor’s appointment with him and believed she was a much calmer sense of support for him because she had been through cancer with her friend the year before. Throughout his treatments they would often talk about how they couldn’t imagine a child having to go through cancer. How would they deal with all of the poking and treatments and the sheer horror of it? Once Caleb was through his treatment regimen and on his way back to good health, they talked about Lois volunteering for the CCA. But, she would have to find the time. When running a business with your husband, that’s not easy. Almost 3 years later, Lois decided there would never be enough time, and she just needed to figure out a way to make it happen. She had to make it a priority. Lois didn’t know if she would make a good Chemo Pal, but figured the folks at the CCA would determine that. If not, she could volunteer in other ways. Lois is a pretty emotional person, and even so, she wasn’t sure if she would be able to be strong and supportive when times were tough. She loves kids though, and has never been blessed with one herself (other than her beautiful step-daughter Kalaya) so she wanted to give it a shot. She was so happy she did! Lois was “matched” with a three & a half year old boy in December of 2012 and went to his appointments at Doernbecher every week with him. They played cars & legos, and watched videos and had such a good time. He cried every time he had his port accessed or de-accessed until she figured out things to help keep his mind occupied when that was happening. Lois felt like she really made a difference in his life that day! And all the days after that he didn’t even fuss were amazing to her! As a Chemo Pal Mentor, Lois’ goal was to bring JOY to children dealing with cancer or other life-threatening diseases. Mentors believe joy can help heal and Lois did too. Her Pal “graduated” in September 2013 and is doing very well. He even has a full head of hair back now! She was “matched” with her next Chemo Pal in April 2014, this time at Randall Children’s Hospital. He was better at facing doctors at four years old than she is in her 50’s. This kid was a trooper! According to his mom, he looked forward to the visits when he knew Lois would be there. He always looked around the waiting room for her and ran over when he found her to see what was in her “bag of tricks” for their visit. Their favorite thing to do together was play with rocket balloons. She blew them up and he loved to shoot them and catch them as well as let the air out into her face and make her laugh. He was such a trooper, calling his port his Iron Man button, because it’s toward the middle of his chest. This Pal “graduated” in December 2015 and is also doing very well. Lois still goes to follow up appointments with him and he counts down the days until their next visit each time one gets close. In May of 2016 she was “matched” with her current Chemo Pal, once again at Randall Children’s Hospital. This time her pal is a 3-year-old boy who calls her Louie and says she is his best friend. According to his parents having her at his appointments has made all the difference for him and he doesn’t start crying anymore when it’s time to go for his appointments, he’s excited to see Louie again. He likes his time with her so much that he is not afraid to let it be known when they are together that she is there for him & only him and everyone else should leave her alone! They love to do puzzles together, play with trucks, build Lego towers and especially make cakes with play dough. His treatments will be ongoing for at least the next two years and Lois is planning to be there with him every step of the way. Sometimes Lois feels she gets more out of her visits than her pals do. It’s such a great feeling when you know you’ve made a difference. And Lois has a lot of empathy for anyone going through a serious illness. She has even surprised herself with how she can be strong for someone when she needs to. Lois highly recommends volunteering at CCA to anyone who feels like they would be interested. They are especially always looking for men and folks who speak Spanish. You can find out how here. And if you want to know more about Lois’ experience, please call or email her anytime. Oh, and if you are nervous about the what if’s of being a Chemo Pal, you should know that more than 80% of kids with cancer are cured these days; that’s the best news of all! Here’s a link to a CCA video featuring kids, doctors, nurses & parents that is just so Happy! It’s great anytime you need to be cheered up or inspired to help… Community Volunteering in Portland OR and Vancouver WA SERVING CLIENTS IN PORTLAND OR - OREGON COAST: PORTLAND \| GRESHAM \| TROUTDALE \| SANDY \| BORING \| DAMASCUS \| CLACKAMAS \| OREGON CITY \| WEST LINN \| LAKE OSWEGO \| TUALATIN \| SALEM \| NEWBERG \| MCMINNVILLE \| BEAVERTON \| HILLSBORO \| SEASIDE \| ASTORIA \| LINCOLN CITY VANCOUVER \| BATTLE GROUND \| CAMAS \| WASHOUGAL \| LA CENTER \| RIDGEFIELD \| ORCHARDS \| BRUSH PRAIRIE \| WOODLAND \| KELSO \| KALAMA \| LONGVIEW \| LONG BEACH CONTACT US TODAYVIEW OUR REVIEWS Home » Community Volunteering 5933 NE Win Sivers Dr, Ste 205 Saturday – Sunday Business Phone System Services Telecom Contractor About America's Phone Guys Best Cloud Phone Solutions for Business in the Portland Metro Area Remote Phones Auto-Attendants Call Monitoring Find Me/Follow Me Number of Locations By clicking the 'Get a Quote' Button you give permission for America’s Phone Guys to contact you regarding your request. 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__label__cc	0.712936	0.287064	Totems A-Z Daily Totem Eagle Meaning and Symbolism All Totems \| Spirit Animal Meanings and Symbolism / Spirit Animals / Eagle Meaning and Symbolism A B C D E F G H J L M O P R S T U V W Ea El 1 Overview of the Eagle Spirit Animal 2 Embrace Your Spirit Animal 3 Eagle Necklace and Earring Set 4 Encounters with the Eagle 4.1 Do you feel cast about on turbulent winds, are you shouldering too much responsibility? 4.2 Are you or a loved one ill, do you feel lost or alone? 4.3 Have your life purpose or goals become clouded? Do you feel bound to the earth and unable to see over the horizon? 4.4 Do you feel disconnected from your spiritual self, do you feel as if a higher power or guide is trying to speak to you? 4.5 Do you feel stifled and suppressed, do you feel a call or itch to be unburdened and free? 5 The Eagle Spirit 6 What are the Traits of the Eagle Totem? 7 Strengths & Weaknesses of the Eagle 8 The Eagle in Dreams: What it Means 9 Cultural and Spiritual Symbolism of the Eagle 10 Historical Facts 11 Animal Quotes 12 Share this Totem: Overview of the Eagle Spirit Animal STRENGTH · COURAGE · PRESTIGE · SPIRIT · WISDOM · LOYALTY BALANCE · MEDITATION · HEALING · FAITH · CONNECTION WITH HIGHER POWER · FREEDOM · AWARENESS · PERSPECTIVE · INSIGHT The symbolism of the eagle is air, but it has strong legs to walk on the earth and often lives near the water for food. Through these qualities, people with this totem can be guided to balance in all dimensions and achieve inner-growth. As they soar to spiritual awareness, they remain well grounded in reality and can purify themselves with cleansing waters. Embrace Your Spirit Animal Eagle Necklace and Earring Set Encounters with the Eagle What is the meaning of eagle symbolism? Find out what symbol the eagle spirit animal is trying to teach you, and gain some insight into your life. Do you feel cast about on turbulent winds, are you shouldering too much responsibility? To many Native American tribes, the wings of Eagle Spirit are symbolism for balance, both male and female. Eagles are monogamous and share the responsibility of raising their young equally. If the Eagle totem has shown itself to you, consider that your responsibilities may be out of balance. Stop and take some time with your significant other, loved ones, or even coworkers and make sure that everyone is doing their part. This may be a good opportunity for you to renegotiate and balance your obligations. Are you or a loved one ill, do you feel lost or alone? The feathers of an Eagle guide are viewed as powerful medicine, and carry symbolic meaning, they were used in many healing rituals. The appearance of eagle symbolism may be a portent of healing that is to come. Look to the sky above and know that the Eagle totem carries your prayer for recovery, whether emotional or physical, to the heavens. Stay strong and courageous and trust that the message of your intent will take wing. Have your life purpose or goals become clouded? Do you feel bound to the earth and unable to see over the horizon? Eagles can be seen at perch for hours at a time, deep in contemplative meditation. The Eagle Totem teaches how to master the art of patience and how to move through life without material attachments, they symbolize perspective with clarity. From their high perches and from soaring in the sky the Eagle totem can see life in its entirety, both the good and the bad. This clarity means we should regard both positive and negative events as experiences that can serve a higher purpose and help to develop the self. The perspective that the Eagle symbolism brings allows us to see through situations and see the true meaning that is beneath. Do you feel disconnected from your spiritual self, do you feel as if a higher power or guide is trying to speak to you? Many cultures, including Greco/Roman, and Native American, viewed the Eagle as the messenger of the heavens. This majestic totem touches the heavens with its wings and speaks directly to the powers that be. If the Eagle totem has flown into your life it may be to impart the courage to strive for greater heights of spirituality. The power of the eagle, requires trust in divine leadership and only by examining this power animal’s strength of soul can a person acquire the meaning and symbolism of the eagle. Do you feel stifled and suppressed, do you feel a call or itch to be unburdened and free? Eagles often have home territories that can range in the thousands of acres. In most acts of life Eagle spirits are solitary and independent creatures, and bring with them this symbolism. Freedom is vital to the survival of eagle symbolism and this teaches us that all people must be free to choose their own paths and to respect the freedom of others. Remember that inside of you is a unique and independent spirit, allow yourself to be guided and reclaim this strength and shrug off the everyday burdens that keep you from flying free. The Eagle Spirit Could the Eagle be my spirit animal? What are the traits of the totem? The eagle might be your spirit animal if you are: As messengers of the heavens, or spirits that are connected with higher powers, people with Eagle medicine are often very wise. This quality is a gift of vision and clarity that should be used to help others through dark and troubling times. One who seeks the meaning of the eagle spirit views situations and other people from a broad perspective for better understanding just as the eagle guide sees the world from a its great height. With wisdom comes responsibility. Eagles have sharp beaks and strong jaws that can slice through prey and crack bones, this is symbolism that people with this power animal need to mind their words and how they affect others; to speak kindly without sharp rancor. People with this medicine also need to take care and not become aloof, don’t stay too long in the clouds, or sit always perched above those around you. Instead, remember the message of balance and be aware that food and water is upon the ground. What are the Traits of the Eagle Totem? Lessons from the Eagle Spirit Animal Eagles are: Free Spirited In Native American culture the feather of Eagle was powerful medicine and symbolized courage and strength. They were given as great prizes. Great leaders often wore headdresses that stretched all the way to the ground with these powerful symbols, and Eagles were seen as King of the Birds. Don’t let this symbolism of leadership go to your head however, as chieftains were always first concerned with the welfare of their tribes. What is the true eagle meaning? Soar! Embrace your freedom, leadership and healing – eagle totem people truly know how to spread their wings to soar! Strengths & Weaknesses of the Eagle The Eagle in Dreams: What it Means To see an Eagle in your dreams can be symbolic of several different things. If the Eagle is perched and looking at you it brings a message of self-examination and introspection. Meditate and look within. If Eagle takes to flight it may symbolize your ability to rise. Or be lifted out of a situation or depression. If the Eagle soars above it can be symbolism of your higher consciousness. Or higher powers communicating to you, listen carefully to your intuition. Lastly, if the Eagle is diving in, or consuming a kill, it may be symbolism of a portent of danger or ruthlessness. Do not step on others to achieve your goals. And be warned that someone in your life may be willing to step on you to achieve theirs. The eagle is a symbol for courage and strength, so think about what implications the answers to these questions suggest, and how they might make sense in your life. Cultural and Spiritual Symbolism of the Eagle Native American: In Native American lore eagles are represented in numerous artifacts and legends. It is sometimes referred to as the Thunderbird and is present throughout North American Indian legends. Its feathers were given as great prizes, and some tribes considered it to be the Great Spirit itself. It was said that if you saw an eagle while you were praying or participating in a ceremony, your prayers would be answered. Some tribes believed that the eagle carried prayers directly to the great creator and so used their feathers in a great number of healing ceremonies. Celtic: In Celtic and Gaelic cultures Eagles were often depicted as protectors, symbolized courage, and were revered for their powers of sight. Two Eagles are said to protect the tomb of King Arthur, and Eagles are sometimes associated with the Death God Beli. Greek: The Eagle is often depicted as Zeus’s carrier of thunder and was thought to be the only bird that lived on Mt. Olympus. It is depicted as a symbol of leadership, and fertility. In one myth Zeus is said to have transformed into an Eagle and swooped down to Earth to catch the subject of his desire. Christian: There is great number of references, both positive and negative, to Eagles in Christian literature. Eagles have been associated directly with Christ and his ascension, contemplation and prayer. Exceeding ones bounds or flying too high, with rejuvenation, and with Satan. Because of the swiftness of the eagle’s flight, both the eagle and its wings have been used to emphasize the speed of attacking armies and of God (Deu 28:49; Dan 4:19-37; Jer 49:22; Ezek 17:3-7; Hosea 8:1; Hab 1:8; Jer 4:13; Lam 4:19). During the Exodus, God bore Israel safely away from the Egyptians upon eagle’s wings (Exo 19:4). The early Judean church was granted the “wings of a great eagle” to flee from the siege of Jerusalem in 70 A.D. (Rev 12:14; Mt 24:15-28; Dan 9:27). Saul and Jonathan were “swifter than eagles” (2 Sam 1:23). Job’s days passed so swiftly and brought such terrors, they were “like an eagle swooping on its prey” (Job 9:26). Riches, too, made themselves wings with which they were wont to “fly away like an eagle toward heaven” (Prov 23:5). Chinese: Symbolism of strength, an eagle shown perched in a pine-tree is a suitable gift for an older man, wishing him strength of an Eagle and longevity of a pine-tree. An eagle on a rock in the sea symbolizes a Hero who fights a lone battle. The mustached emperor tamarin is believed to have been named for German Emperor Wilhelm II. Both have impressive mustaches. By trying often the monkey learns to jump from the tree. People go to the zoo and they like the lion because it’s scary. And the bear because it’s intense, but the monkey makes people laugh. Lorne Michaels Share this Totem: We love you! The Totem Team is dedicated to expanding knowledge of, and connection to, the natural and spiritual world of animals. Whether you call it an animal spirit, totem, or guide, we aim to be THE definitive resource online for all animal dreams, meanings, and symbolism. Thank you for being a part of our wonderful community and sharing in our work! As people, we are all inextricably connected to the world around us. It is easy to forget ourselves and our purpose when we ignore the many messages, meanings, and symbols that surround us in our daily lives. Recent Totems Chameleon Meaning and Symbolism Vulture Meaning and Symbolism Duck Meaning and Symbolism When you purchase jewelry from All Totems, you give back to nature: 10% of all profits are donated to Rainforest Trust – a conservation project that uses 100% of all donations to protect animals all over the world.	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0125.json.gz/line859
__label__wiki	0.55266	0.55266	Whangaparaoa Road dynamic lanes trial Whangaparaoa Road dynamic lanes trial Auckland Transport (AT) has installed dynamic lanes along Whangaparaoa Road to reduce traffic congestion during peak times. Find out which lanes will be operating when. Give feedback on the dynamic lanes. Project status: Complete. Project zone: North. The 12-month dynamic lane control trial ran along Whangaparaoa Road in the area between Hibiscus Coast Highway and Red Beach Road. The system uses LED lights embedded into the road surface to mark traffic lanes instead of painted lines. Changing these LED lights is a quick and safe way to create a temporary lane during heavy congestion and to ensure free traffic flow. Traffic control gantries will also display clearly which lanes drivers should use. Dynamic lanes have been trialled in cities around the world to manage peak traffic flows. Similar systems are currently used in Auckland along the Panmure Bridge and Auckland Harbour Bridge. The system is quick to build and more cost-effective than road widening. Safety is a key consideration and has been reflected in the design of the dynamic lane trial. We will closely monitor the lanes for the duration of the trial and will make adaptive changes if required, such as to the phasing of signals at either intersection or the times when dynamic lanes are active. Map of the trial area View the map of the trial area (PDF 2MB) 2016 - Investigation and design work. 2017 - Design completed; physical works began October 2017; system in place December 2017. 2018 - Trial began 24 January and will run for 12 months. 2019 - trial completed, dynamic lanes operational ongoing. Whangaparoa Road dynamic lane fault update: The system has been fully tested and ready for operation. A fault was identified and backup systems have been put in place to stop it happening again. The Whangaparaoa Road dynamic lanes will be back working from 4pm Friday 19 July. We regret any inconvenience caused. Further work is planned on the system however this will not affect the daily peak operation. The Whangaparaoa Road dynamic lanes are currently down for maintenance. There is a system fault which we are currently working to fix. We expect to have it fully tested and operational later on this week. The success of the trial has led to AT investigating further locations where dynamic lanes would be beneficial in easing congestion, such as Redoubt Road. Learn about the trial’s success in our latest video update Work to install in-ground LEDs, overhead gantries, and back-end infrastructure for the dynamic lane controls will begin on 9 October. Some night work will be required and concrete-cutting and coring of the road will create some noise disturbance. We will employ mitigation strategies to limit the impacts. Work will be completed in December. Find out more about the work and impacts. Following concerns raised by residents, we have made changes to the operational hours of the dynamic lanes for the trial. We have also received feedback regarding left-hand turns to Silverdale at the Hibiscus Coast Highway intersection. Read the media release: Response to concerns about planned lane trial on Whangaparaoa Road We have added information addressing a number of concerns from the public on how to get in and out of side roads when dynamic lanes are in operation. Find out more. AT is continuing to refine its design for dynamic lane controls. We anticipate that the trial will be held in 2017 and the decision to proceed will only be made following a review by our senior management. Before the trial starts, we will hold a period of engagement to familiarise the local community with the system. We selected Whangaparaoa Road for this trial because of its current configuration. It provides one lane in either direction and a wide central median strip. Afternoon peak: Monday to Friday, 4pm to 7pm During afternoon peak traffic, the centre median strip turns into an additional traffic lane for peak traffic heading towards the Red Beach Road intersection. The lanes are signalled by the in-road LED lights and signs on the overhead gantries. Image: Artist's impression of dynamic lane controls. Morning peak traffic: Monday to Friday, 6:00am to 9am From 18 April 2018 During morning peak traffic, the centre median strip turns into an additional lane for peak traffic heading towards the Hibiscus Coast Highway. Non-peak traffic In non-peak traffic, the median strip in the centre of the road remains unchanged. One lane of traffic runs in both directions as normal. For the first three months of the trial, we have operated dynamic lanes during the afternoon peak period only (4pm to 6pm). We extended the afternoon period by an hour (4pm to 7pm) from 26 February. The morning peak trial began on 18 April from 6am to 9am. This staged approach allowed road users to become familiar with the system and addressed concerns raised by residents along the trial area regarding making right turns in and out of side streets and attempting to cross the road on foot during peak times. If improvements to travel times are positive, we will continue to operate dynamic lanes during the morning and afternoon peaks. We do reserve the right to make changes to the operating times of dynamic lanes at any time. Data will be collected throughout the trial to allow us to build a clear profile of what is necessary to make the dynamic system work most effectively and will inform, and may influence, further investigations into a permanent solution for Whangaparaoa Road. Detailed designs by section Section 1: Hibiscus Coast Highway end of Whangaparaoa Rd (PDF 544KB) Section 2 (PDF 408KB) Section 5: Red Beach Rd end (PDF 364KB) The system has been designed to be highly visible to all road-users. In addition, the approach to the trial site will be well sign-posted with Variable Message Signs (VMS) showing that the dynamic lane is in operation and overhead gantry signs will inform drivers which lanes to use. All side roads will also have signage approaching Whangaparaoa Road to remind drivers that dynamic lane controls are in operation. View the lane layout and signage designs (PDF 279KB) View the pavement marking details (PDF 76KB) Getting in and out of side roads We acknowledge that removal of the flush median may cause some delay for right turners and it is expected that right-turning vehicles will block through lanes at various times. Drivers who are not confident in making right turns during peak periods may need to change their travel route which may result in increased travel times. However, there are a number of other sections of busy, multi-lane roads across Auckland which operate without flush medians. We believe that the current phasing of traffic lights will create sufficient gaps to give traffic, pedestrians and cyclists exiting side roads and properties enough time to safely cross or access Whangaparaoa Road. The site will be monitored at our control centre and AT will actively manage the phasing of traffic signals to optimise the movement of traffic. Creating an additional left turn lane at the Whangaparaoa Road intersection Following feedback about easing traffic flow from the Hibiscus and Bays Local Board as well as the local community, left turns from the kerb-side west bound lane to Silverdale at the Hibiscus Coast Highway intersection will be allowed as part of the morning peak trial. This will effectively create two left-turn lanes onto the highway and help to ease the movement of traffic. The possibility of widening the left-turn slip lane at the intersection was investigated during the design phase of this project. It was found that an extra lane cannot be provided without significant road widening, which falls outside of the strategic and financial scope of this project. However, this will be investigated further based on data gathered by this trial and will be a consideration in the future if successful. While the dynamic lanes on Whangaparaoa Road have been designed to increase efficiency, and to trial a valuable tool for addressing congestion, the safety of road users is a key element of the design. We have undertaken independent safety audits of the preliminary design and of the latest design. These safety audits are carried out by independent parties to identify and mitigate safety risks. Monitoring of safety is also a critical component of the trial. We will be using a series of CCTV cameras along the trial route for active and accurate monitoring of the trial. The issues highlighted by the audit will be closely considered as part of the monitoring. AT will seek to act quickly where significant issues arise through mitigation measures or ultimately a halt of the trial if it is deemed unsafe. The speed limit on Whangaparaoa Road will be reduced to 50km/h for at least the initial period of the trial. This will be monitored as the trial progresses and data collected will be used to inform a decision on the final speed limit. Walking and cycling along the trial location Pedestrians crossing Whangaparaoa Road between Hibiscus Coast Highway and Red Beach Road currently experience difficulty due to the consistent stream of traffic in peak periods. Consequently AT’s survey data shows very few pedestrians cross mid-block away from signals. As part of the trial AT will encourage pedestrians to make their way to either the Red Beach Road or Hibiscus Coast Highway intersections to cross. While there is not a footpath for the entire section, there is berm which pedestrians can use. AT recognises that this is an inconvenience to pedestrians who are centrally located on this stretch of road. While the installation of new pedestrian facilities is not a part of this trial, AT will monitor and consider improved pedestrian facilities as a separate project, if the trial is successful. Part of the monitoring will also help determine whether the change in layout results in more gaps in traffic for safer pedestrian-crossing opportunities. Survey data also indicates that there are very few cyclists using this section of Whangaparaoa Road. Reduced lane widths and removal of the flush median during peak periods will constrain the available space for motorists to pass cyclists, however providing two lanes of flow in the predominant direction will enable vehicles to change lanes in order to pass cyclists. The reduction in speed limit at the beginning of the trial should contribute to mitigating safety concerns for cyclists. Throughout the trial, AT will closely monitor travel times, driver behaviour, delay for right turners and the safety of everyone using the road. The impact on pedestrians, cyclists and right turners together with any change in travel times, will be factored into reporting on the success of the trial. If at any time during the operation of dynamic lanes there are issues that result in a significant safety concern, the configuration of the road will be returned to its existing format. Comment on the dynamic lanes Send your comments to the project team. * Privacy: Providing your personal details is optional. Auckland Transport recognises privacy is an important matter to everyone. You can be assured any information you share with us will be treated with strict confidence, and will only be used for the purpose of this project.	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0125.json.gz/line861
__label__wiki	0.787718	0.787718	Dates for Sunday hunting, another Saturday rifle deer opener on Pa. Game Commission agenda Erie Times-News staff \| Erie Times-News Hunters and Conservationists react to Sunday hunting bill signing Governor Tom Wolf ceremoniously signed the Sunday hunting bill on Dec. 17 with sportsmen across the state watching and reacting. The Pennsylvania Game Commission’s draft agenda for its Jan. 25 meeting gives some hints about what hunters might expect in two areas in 2020: Sunday hunting and the Saturday deer opener. In its initial draft of seasons and bag limits for the commonwealth’s 2020-21 seasons, the Game Commission lists Sunday hunting on three consecutive weekends: deer archery season on Nov. 15, bear season on Nov. 22 and deer firearms season on Nov. 29. The draft of the seasons also includes a second consecutive Saturday opener for buck season on Nov. 28. If the seasons and bag limits are passed in April, that would mean that buck season would start on a Saturday and run eight consecutive days through Saturday, Dec. 5, before a day off. The rest of the season would then run Dec. 7-12. More: Deer beaten on video: Teens said they were hunting, trying to finish the kill, police say The state House of Representatives and Senate each voted in 2019 to allow Sunday hunting for the first time in 2020. Gov. Tom Wolf signed the bill into law on Nov. 27. The law permits Sunday hunting on one day during rifle deer season and one during statewide archery deer season. The third Sunday, which is the prerogative of the Game Commission, has tentatively been scheduled for bear season. The PGC made a big change in 2019 when it opened the deer firearms season on a Saturday, breaking from 55 years of tradition during which the season had started on a Monday. Travis Lau, the Pennsylvania Game Commission’s press secretary, emphasized on Monday that the meeting agenda is “just a starting point” and the dates can be changed. The PGC will meet Jan. 24 in Harrisburg to hear reports from staff. On Jan. 25, the commissioners will listen to comments from the public before discussing the agenda items, including the season dates. The final seasons and bag limits are expected to be passed in April.	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0125.json.gz/line870
__label__wiki	0.697914	0.697914	York mayor wants to end residency requirements for city employees Neil Strebig \| York Daily Record Election Day 'food brings people together' Luther Memorial soup sale helps voters smile Luther Memorial Church ran a soup sale fundraiser for a new parking lot in conjunction with voting at Spring Garden Township 3rd Ward polling place. Update: On Nov. 6, York City Council voted to approve a new Teamsters Local 776 collective bargaining agreement. Concerned that York City is having trouble attracting and retaining quality employees, Mayor Michael Helfrich hopes to push through a proposal that would end residency requirements for all city workers. "The big issue we've been having is not being able to find quality candidates," Helfrich said. Helfrich's chief of staff, Philip Given, said about 10 people have left their city positions over the last 18 months. During exit interviews, they cited residency requirements as a point of frustration and reason for leaving, he said. Both Helfrich and Given said the residency requirements also make it hard to attract talent. "If there are qualified applicants in West York or North York (boroughs), they are ineligible," Given said in reference to nonunion positions that require employees to live in the city. More: York City is poised to outlaw booting in favor of towing at parking lots. Why? (opinion) More: Yorktowne Hotel project receives $1M ISRP grant for environmental remedies from state Helfrich's plan would remove residency requirements for nonunion employees. The change would affect 95 employees who currently must live in the city. The proposal, which is still being crafted, will place a preference on hiring candidates who live in the city. However, there would no longer be a residency requirement. The goal is to attract city residents and promote from within for positions while not deterring talent, Helfrich said. Not all city employees are required to live in York City. Of the 366 people employed by the city, only 118 live within city limits. Ninety-seven of those 118 are required to do so, meaning 21 employees choose to live in York without any requirements. The union contracts for electricians, firefighters and police officers allow staff to live outside the city. A total of eight police officers and firefighters have opted to live in the city, regardless of union clauses or residency requirements. The majority of York County police departments do not require officers to live in their respective jurisdictions. Only Northern York County Regional and Springettsbury Township Police departments have requirements. Northern Regional allows officers up to 12 months to find residences within 15 miles of the jurisdiction. Springettsbury Township requires officers to live within 20 minutes of the jurisdiction, according to township manager Ben Marchant. According to the York City "residency requirements," full- or part-time employees must reside in the city within six months of their start date unless otherwise stated or protected by their union. Department heads have 120 days following their appointment to move into the city unless a specific resolution from the York City Council states otherwise. Should city employees live in York? The only current department head who lives outside York is fire Chief Chad Deardorff, Helfrich said. Deardorff, who lives in West Manchester Township, accepted the position in February 2019 and has one year to move into the city. In October, "Fixing York PA" Facebook group member Jason Rhoades posed a question about residency requirements for York City employees. The post prompted a series of comments and questions on what the actual requirements are for city employees. Some of the comments cited a need for York employees to live in the city, including an excerpt of one from Rhoades that said, "York police should be living in the city having a relationship with the community is a better way of lowering crime than hiring more police and that's a fact." York City Council Vice President Sandie Walker acknowledged that while it would be nice to have more officers living within the city, it isn't part of their contract. "I'm in favor of having some type of system where there are incentives for (employees) who live in the city," Walker said. For now, Walker believes there needs to be a focus on filling vacant positions and finding qualified candidates. More: York residents below poverty level get a one-time free pass on unpaid sewage bills "City residents are not filling positions," she said. "Love to have people from the city, but at what cost?" Helfrich's administration has begun working on a youth civil service program at William Penn High School, the Public Service Academy. The program is designed to train and encourage city youth to participate in civil service in an effort to help retain talent in York, Helfrich said. When can we expect a vote? "The intention is to bring this forward before the new year," Given said of the proposal. Walker said residency has been on the discussion table between the council and Helfrich's administration for quite some time. However, with the upcoming budget and pending fiscal proceedings, she does not expect the council to decide on the residency requirement until sometime next year. York City Council is expected to vote on a union contract for Teamsters on Wednesday, Nov. 6. The contract would require Teamsters to live in the city for their first five years of employment. After that, they would be allowed to move within 10 miles of the city. This would affect 35 employees who currently live in the city. Teamsters are public works employees, including the including parks and recreation, highway, sanitation, stormwater management and building maintenance departments.	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0125.json.gz/line871
__label__wiki	0.599229	0.599229	Anna Hudson July 18, 2012 8:25 am Written by: jkaracs BFA (Concordia), MPhil (Glasgow), MA, PhD (Toronto) Fellow, Royal Society of Canada Director, Graduate Program in Art History & Visual Culture ahudson@yorku.ca Anna Hudson is an art historian, curator, writer and educator specializing in Canadian Art, Curatorial and Indigenous Studies. Formerly Associate Curator of Canadian Art at the Art Gallery of Ontario, she brings to her teaching extensive hands-on experience in institutional curatorial practice. Dr. Hudson is currently leading Mobilizing Inuit Cultural Heritage (MICH), a six-year (2012-2018), $3.5 million SSSHRC-supported research-creation collaboration aimed at recovering, preserving, documenting, facilitating and disseminating Inuit knowledge, culture and creativity. This multi-media, multi-platform project brings together 10 academic researchers and nine partner organizations, and employs a dozen Inuit and non-Inuit community members, graduate students and artists. Partner organizations include Qaggiavuut (https://www.qaggiavuut.ca), the McMichael Canadian Art Collection, the National Gallery of Canada, Nunavut Arctic College, the Nunavut Department of Education, the West Baffin Eskimo Cooperative in Kinngait (Cape Dorset), the Nunavut software start-up, Pinnguaq, the International Sámi Film Institute, and the Sami Centre for Contemporary Art. MICH was an active partner in launching SakKijâjuk, the first Inuit Fine Art and Craft Exhibition from Nunatsiavut, launched in 2015 as part of To Light the Fire, Newfoundland and Labrador’s first indigenous arts symposium and now touring nationally. MICH was also behind the Pan Am @ York initiative to create Ahqahizu, a monumental granite sculpture by Inuit carvers Ruben Komangapik and Koomuatuk (Kuzy) Curley on York University’s Keele campus (read the news story). Dr. Hudson’s curatorial credits include Tunirrusiangit: Kenojuak Ashevak and Tim Pitsiulak (with Koomuatuk Curley, Taqralik Partridge, Jocelyn Piirainen, Laakkuluk Williamson Bathory, and Georgiana Uhlyarik for the Art Gallery of Ontario, 2018), the international touring show ~ Painting Canada: Tom Thomson and the Group of Seven (with Ian Dejardin and Katerina Atanassova, for the Dulwich Picture Gallery, London, UK, 2011); inVisibility: Indigenous in the City, part of INVISIBILITY: An Urban Aboriginal Education Connections Project (with Dr. Susan Dion and Dr. Carla Rice for the John B. Aird Gallery, Toronto, 2013); The Nude in Modern Canadian Art, 1920-1950 (with Michèle Grandbois, for the Musée national des beaux-arts du Québec); and the Art Gallery of Ontario exhibitions Woman as Goddess: Liberated Nudes by Robert Markle and Joyce Wieland; and Inuit Art in Motion (co-curated with Laakkuluk Williamson Bathory) Professor Hudson continues to pursue research in the area of her doctoral dissertation, Art and Social Progress: the Toronto community of Painters (1933-1950). Her most recent publications include: “The ‘New Woman’ of Canadian Impressionism” (2018); “The F word is back: The Feminist Futures of Joyce Wieland (2017); “Frances Anne Hopkins – The Red River Expedition at Kakabeka Falls, 1877” (2015); “Jock Macdonald’s Weave of Reality” (2014); “Time and Image: Picturing Consciousness in Modern Canadian Painting” (2013); “Stepping into the Light of Clark McDougall’s Landscapes” (2011); and “Landscape Atomysticism: A Revelation of Tom Thomson” (2011). /* ----------------------------------------- / / Content Template: Faculty Profile View - start / / ----------------------------------------- / #info-card {} .personal-info {float: left;padding-right: 20px;} .faculty-bio {clear: left;padding-top:30px;} .academic-title-style {font-size: 1em;padding: 10px 0px 10px 0px;} .faculty-name {font-size: 2em;margin: 0 0 0.75rem 0;color: #e31837;font-family: 'Source Sans Pro', 'Helvetica', 'Arial', sans-serif;font-weight: 300;line-height: 1.2;background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.06);padding: 5px; display: block; margin: .8rem -1.5rem;} h1.article__heading {display:none;} .faculty-email{padding: 10px 0px 10px 0px;} .faculty-figure {position: relative;display: block;margin: 1.5rem -1.5rem;} @media only screen and (max-width: 480px){.faculty-name {float:left;clear: left;min-width: 113%;padding-left: 20px;}} @media only screen and (max-width: 480px){.faculty-eduation {float:left; clear: left;}} @media only screen and (max-width: 480px){.academic-title-style {float:left; clear: left;}} @media only screen and (max-width: 480px){.faculty-admin-title {float:left; clear: left;}} @media only screen and (max-width: 480px){.faculty-department {float:left; clear: left;}} @media only screen and (max-width: 480px){.faculty-email {float:left; clear: left;}} / ----------------------------------------- / / Content Template: Faculty Profile View - end / / ----------------------------------------- */	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0125.json.gz/line872
__label__wiki	0.584258	0.584258	Visual Art: “Lemnisgate” (by Maya Grey) On January 27, 2016 By andersonfaerycraftIn Art and Poetry “Lemnisgate” by Maya Grey (c) 2016 Copyright Peacock & Snake Merlin’s Way: Apprenticeship and Faery Training (by Shimmer) On January 12, 2016 January 9, 2016 By andersonfaerycraftIn Principles Among the core principles agreed to by the Anderson Faery initiates represented on this site is this statement: We prefer to teach individually or in small groups. In all our teaching, direct personal contact between teacher and student is essential. Witches are above all things practical. My preference for the apprentice method of teaching comes primarily from practical considerations. In giving my views about this point, I need to underline at the outset that what follows very much reflects my personal experience and the guidelines I follow in my own work. Although we in this group have agreed to stand by these principles, each of us has different ideas about how to teach. Some of the differences are subtle, and others are dramatically different. Both the apprentice method and the coven model are rooted in strong mythic, archetypal patterns that recur in many streams of magical teaching. For apprenticeship, one of the most familiar examples is the story cycle of Myrddin instructing the young Arthur. Images of the coven seem to echo the somewhat more mysterious circle of the Nine Maidens. (The Weird Sisters in Shakespeare’s Scottish play may have their origin in the legends of the Sacred Nine.) Madeleine L’Engle played with this latter archetype in her book A Wrinkle in Time and the ways in which the Three interacted with Meg on her journey. In some of the legendry around Myrddin (or Merlin)’s instruction of the boy Arthur, the child experiences shapeshifting into different animal forms. According to some, these experiences represent in symbolic form an apprentice’s journey through different phases–or processes–of Initiation and deepening realization. (A recent exploration of the apprenticeship archetype was offered in episode 3, “The Nightcomers,” of the second season of the series Penny Dreadful, featuring Patti Lupone’s brilliant performance as the Cut Wife.) Teaching Faery brings with it many challenges. Even in the world of initiatory systems, it must be acknowledged that Faery—Wild Faery, as a dear Sister of the Art has called it—is in its own category. After many years of study, practice, and teaching, I have had to conclude that the Faery current truly has a mind of its own. I have known a number of cases where those who have not gone through the Initiation, or even had any formal training, have been touched with the Faery Gnosis. Some have even manifested the Faery Power. You are truly riding a bucking bronco if this happens to you. But some find great joy, beauty, and clarity in the Mystery of this untrammeled wave. Each Teacher has to ask hirself the question: what are my goals in taking on the task of teaching an individual the Craft? Another of the shared Principles is that teaching is always with a view toward initiation, although there is no guarantee that every student will be initiated. Many of us say that we will only consider teaching a person who “smells like Faery” or “feels like kin.” In other words, the evaluation process involved in taking on a student is visceral, gut level, heavily involving the Fetch and thus, intensely physical. Witchcraft itself is an intensely physical Art, deeply rooted in the Body and hir Mysteries. So, we take on the teaching with the idea that the goal is Initiation. I would add that there are further goals I look towards beyond the point of Initiation–but this is ultimately a separate topic. For a student to come through the long, difficult, painstaking journey to stand before the Gate requires shepherding through several phases. In the legends about Myrddin and Arthur, the wizard’s magic catalyzes the child’s experience of taking wing into the element of Air as an eagle. He dives into the Waters of a mighty river as a fish. He roams through the Earthy realm of the Forest as a young buck. And he may even have danced in the mystic Fires as a dazzling salamander. On a less mythic level, a teacher needs to listen, observe, question, moderate, challenge, push, nurture, and remonstrate with the student at various moments. In some cases their lives will become deeply intertwined; in nearly every instance, there will be spaces, sometimes lengthy ones, where the teacher leaves the student to get on with things and make hir own way with the work in hand. (My own late Teacher almost invariably spoke of himself as a tour guide. He liked to remind us that the map is not the terrain. And Faery is not “information.”) Chiron instructing Achilles. Lithograph after J.B. Regnault. Public domain. Wellcome Library, London. Wellcome Images. (CC-BY-4.0) Willow Moon provides a nuanced appraisal of the work shared by a teacher and apprentice in his beautiful 2003 essay, “Is Feri an eclectic system or a Tradition?” (originally published in Witch Eye issue 8). Willow thoughtfully observes: A personal communication or instruction on an ordinary subject would be conveyed by much more than words. There are facial expressions, tones of voice, cadence, gestures, designs, postures, pauses, etc. that make a complete packet of information along with the instructive words. How much more important is this non-verbal part of communication when trying to learn something as unusual as Feri? That is why I think Feri can only be learned by hanging out, sharing food, magics and stories with one’s teachers in a warm, caring manner. Later in this article, Willow offers a valuable insight into Victor’s teaching methodology: Even though Victor applied diverse methods to working and describing Feri, he was consistent in his approach and style. After listening to him teach for seven years, I concluded that although he talked about Feri in many different ways, they were congruent. His consistence lay in his emphasis on basic self-respect. Respect for the world, its places and its powers flows naturally from the spring of self-worth. The magical techniques taught in Faery to bring the Triple Self into alignment (or harmonious convergence) are the foundation for true self respect and self realization. In this work, the true inner Reality of a human–sometimes expressed magically as the true Will–is brought into harmony with the outer lived experience. Cholla Soledad expresses this journey brilliantly and beautifully in her essay “Ecstasy and Transgression in the Faery Tradition” (Witch Eye 7, 2003): Commonly, the personality clouds the true desires of our souls. … For the most part, people have no idea of what they want. Ecstasy peels off those layers of societal conformity and the need to please others. What is revealed underneath is the soul and divine will. …. Feri witches practice aligning the three souls. In an ecstatic state, with an open heart, the soul is revealed in its true form. … Suddenly, what was hidden by expectations and good manners is revealed to the self, and we can know ourselves in our most innocent state. It is a state of grace in which we can truly be free. In that state, we recover and have compassion for the parts of ourselves we have rejected, and in that moment, all three souls are right within us. We become part of the pattern of God Herself. In my own experience, it is the teacher’s job to mentor a student as safely and smoothly as possible through this process. Faery by definition isn’t safe. Perhaps no true practice of Witchcraft is. But as a teacher, I have to do what I can to guide the traveller through the most perilous streets and across the most sharply cracking ice. I have to shepherd her towards the next challenge brought by the Work, to the best of my ability. And this requires building relationship with the student in a manner most aptly characterized as the apprenticeship model. The coven model works well too; in some ways, it may be superior, since the tapestry of the student’s experience of the Art is woven by many hands and sung through many voices. It all begins with what you decide is your goal, or sequence of goals, in teaching. My goals are to mentor the student towards initiation, to offer spiritual direction and what guidance I may have to give, and to witness the student coming into the full awareness of hir own Power, the complete realization of hir fully aligned Self, and the beautiful accomplishment of hir true Will. Qwyr Magic: Part 2 (by Willow Moon) On January 4, 2016 January 4, 2016 By andersonfaerycraftIn Uncategorized [Part One of “Qwyr Magic” can be found here.] Introduction to Part Two Using historical references found within Gardnerian and Wiccan mythology, I will demonstrate how history supports the inclusion of Qwyr folks in Gardnerian and Wiccan circles as working partners. Based on ancient folk customs, I show how transvestites are explicitly connected to fertility rites still performed in our modern world. Finally, I explore how modern Witch mythology informs the intimate connections between ecstasy, fertility and creativity and what that could look like in Qwyr ritual magic. In addition, I explore the benefits to our society of the collusion of Qwyr magic with non-Qwyr magics. A historical basis for including Qwyrs in Wiccan circles Despite institutionalized homophobia and the heterocentric notion that the God/Goddess pairing is the only way to operate within a Gardnerian or Wiccan coven, there is a liturgical and historical basis for including Qwyr people in these rites. Wiccans often use a well-known piece of liturgy called the “Charge of the Goddess.” This liturgy is published in the Farrar’s book Eight Sabbats for Witches and starts with the words: “Listen to the words of the Great Mother…” The Farrars write: In the [what the Farrars describe as an Alexandrian] Book of Shadows, another sentence follows here: “At her altars [of Artemis] the youth of Lacedemon in Sparta made due sacrifice.” The sentence originated from Gardner, not Valiente. (Farrar: 1985, 42) According to the Farrars, most covens omit this historical reference, considering it to be too “gruesome” for modern Craft practices. Oddly, this same piece of information that points to a historical antecedent of modern Witchcraft is also a precedent for including sexually active Qwyrs as working partners in Wiccan circles. Curiously, in Starhawk’s The Spiral Dance this historical reference is omitted in her version of the Charge. In most Faerie circles the Charge of the Goddess isn’t traditionally used, but it is still loved and preserved by many Witches of different traditions who feel it expresses their concept of the Goddess. Shedding light on the Charge of the Goddess The early Dorians in the 12th century BCE established their capital at Sparta. They maintained many of the most ancient traditions of earlier ages, especially with respect toward women. Spartan women wielded the power to compete with, publicly praise, or censor men, and they had greater authority over property than anywhere else in Greece. Elsewhere in Greece, women were only allowed to call their husband “Lord,” were not allowed to eat meals with their husbands and only lived inside the house. In addition, Plutarch wrote in his 1st century CE book Lives that “the unmarried women love beautiful and good women” (Evans: 1978, 34). Homosexuality had a high status among the Dorians. In fact, homoerotic activity was more highly regarded in Sparta than in Athens during the later classical period. Male homosexuality often took the form of paiderestia – the love of an older experienced man and a younger, more inexperienced man. Paiderestia was a form of religious, military, educational and sexual training. The experienced man initiated the younger man into men’s mysteries. The holy act of transferring semen conveyed an older man’s soul power to the youth and was called “inspiring” the inexperienced man (Evans: 1978, 34). In fact, this is still practiced to this day by some of the Kahunas of Hawai’I as explained to me by Kahunas I met there. Doric paiderestia is a continuation of familiar shamanic and religious concepts that date back to the Stone Age. The Dorians, though coming later than the Mycenaeans, remained much closer to the earlier sexual traditions. According to the German scholar Bethe, the myth that homosexual men are always contemptuous toward women flounders on the fact that precisely in Sparta and Lesbos, where man-love and woman-love are best documented, the sexes associated more freely and women had more economic and political power than anywhere else in the Greek city-states (Evans: 1978, 33-35). Historically, social acceptance for homosexuals is associated with a high social status for women. Patriarchal authorities have always oppressed both women and men who “act like women.” Therefore women and homosexuals often have a natural bond born from a personal understanding of the nature of oppression. Witches often tout that the Craft is female affirming; according to this historical reference, the Craft is also homosexual affirmative. Although in Faerie Witchcraft, the Charge of the Goddess is not used much, we do often work with the Divine Twins who are intimately connected to worship in Sparta. The Divine Twins Castor and Polydeuces, the youths of Zeus, are native to Sparta. They grew up with Helen in the house of King Tyndareos, and They fetched Their sister back from Aphidna in Attica. Pair of Roman statuettes (3rd century AD) depicting the Dioscuri as horsemen, with their characteristic skullcaps (Metropolitan Museum of Art). Image by Marie-Lan Nguyen (2011). (CC BY 2.5 – Wikimedia Commons) In the ancient Greek world, these Gods were referred to as Dios Kouroi, Kouretes or Kabeiroi. The worship of heavenly riders of white horses clearly derives from a much older common Indo-European heritage, paralleled in Vedic mythology by the shining horse-owning brothers called Asvin. Twin horsemen who rode white horses were also the legendary founders of ancient Thebes. These divine Twins, found in various cultures, are described as being in the service of the Goddess. The Dioskouroi were called Tyndedaridai in Sparta and had a special relationship to the dual kingship of Sparta. The Spartan cult of the Divine Twin lovers flourished in the context of a warrior society in which initiations included an encounter with death (Burkert: 1985, 212). In another rite, young Lakedaimonian males, in preparation for combat, flagellated themselves and engaged in same-sex eroticism at a festival honoring Diana (Conner: 1997, 69). [i] The worship of the Brauronian Artemis by homosexually active men was brought from Tauris (Taurica Chersonnesus or Crimea) to Attica by two male lovers called Orestes and Pylades ”whose romantic attachment to each other has made their names synonymous for devoted self-sacrificing friendship.” Orestes was the son of Agamemnon, who had incurred the wrath of the Furies by avenging his father’s death. The Oracle at Delphi told him the only way to pacify the Furies was to bring the statue of Taurian Artemis from Tauris to Attica. Upon arriving on Tauris, Orestes and his faithful friend Pylades were seized to be sacrificed; however, Orestes’ sister Iphigenia happened to be the officiating Priestess of Artemis there (Berens: 95). Previously, Iphigenia was to be sacrificed by her step-father Agamemnon prior to the Trojan War, but Artemis transported her to Tauris on the north shore of the Black Sea and left a deer in her place to be sacrificed instead. She became one of the legendary women called aoroi, or those who die before their time. These immortal female attendants of Artemis are often renamed Hekate (Von Rudloff: 1999, 43-70). With the help of his male lover, Orestes and Iphigenia recognized each other and they all escaped back to their homeland. They stole the statue of Taurian Artemis and carried it with them to Brauron in Attica. Thus She became known as the Brauronian Artemis and human victims were bled to death in both Athens and Sparta (Berens: 96). The sacrifice to Artemis in Sparta at the Ortheia festival was scouring until blood came (Burkart: 1985, 152). The revolting practice of offering human sacrifices to her continued until the time of Lycurgus, the great Spartan lawgiver, who put an end to it by substituting in its place one which was hardly less barbarous: namely, the scourging of youths, who were whipped on the altars of the Brauronian Artemis in the most cruel manner. Sometimes they expired under the lash, in which case their mothers, far from lamenting their fate, are said to have rejoiced, considering this an honorable death for their sons (Berens: 96). It is interesting that initiations into the religion of the Divine Lover-Twins were associated with an encounter with death. This is similar to the modern Craft traditions where initiations are also associated with an encounter with death. This may reveal a connection between Spartan traditions and modern Wiccan traditions, referred to by a published Book of Shadows. According to the Heritage dictionary, “youth” means a young person; especially a young man. So it seems that the “youth of Lacedemon in Sparta” refers to homosexuals and that the “due sacrifice” to the Spartan Artemis was scouring. If this historical reference was meant to include cross-sex flagellation, then surely the word maiden would also have been included to make clear the scourging was only with male and female partners. The Charge of the Goddess says the youth made due sacrifice, and Berens states that the youth were the sacrifice. So in Sparta, in worship of Artemis “due sacrifice” was young men scourging other young men! Even though scourging was later introduced in Sparta to replace human sacrifice to the Goddess, sometimes the scourging was so severe that the Lacedemonian youth would perish. Presumably, this is what the Fararrs considered to be too gruesome to mention. Later in the Charge, the Goddess says She demands no sacrifice and so it is in modern times – but She will accept a sacrifice given freely with love. Not only is Artemis mentioned in the Charge of the Goddess, but so are Diana and Aphrodite. Diana was famous for Her loving attachment to Her female attendants. Diana’s religion was organized like a bee hive, Her priestesses were called melissae or “bees” and Her high priestess was the queen of the bees. Diana was also served by a special class of antineirian priestesses. These particular priestesses were women who rejected marriage, loved hunting, were skilled warriors, hated patriarchal values, and enjoyed the company of other women and gender variant men. These priestesses danced around a sacred oak or beech tree at Ephesus in a circle with their shields and swords (Conner: 1997, 69). [ii] Portraits of the gender variant priests of Diana called the megabyzoi were hung in Diana’s temples and in tombs contrary to the wishes of Quintillian, a Roman rhetorician of the 1st century CE. He insisted that painters and sculptors refrain from depicting any megabyzoi on aesthetic and moral grounds. Apparently, Quintillian thought these priests were ugly and indecent (Conner: 1997, 229). [iii] Unfortunately, Quintillian was not the last, frightened male to object to the flamboyant freedom of Qwyrs. The megabyzoi wore a mixture of feminine, masculine and priestly articles of clothing. They shaved, powdered and painted their faces. They wore their hair in a feminine style by looping one lock in front of each ear. They also wore long-sleeved murix-purple garments decorated with golden circles, meanders, diamonds, swastikas, flowers and animals which were all sacred to the Goddess. The color of purple they wore was associated in the Greco-Roman empire with both royalty and effeminacy (Conner: 1997, 229). [iv] The megabyzoi and melissae were not the only gender variant priests and priestesses who honored Diana with cross-dressing. In the kordax, a religious dance-drama, women dressed as men and wore lombai or “enormous artificial phalli” which they used for penetrating the male dancers who were dressed as women. Not only is the Goddess Diana homoerotic friendly, historically She is bisexual. Britomartis, Cyrene, and Anticleia were Diana’s female lovers who were the first to wear Diana’s gallant bow and arrow-holding quivers on their shoulders. So wrote Callimachus, the royal poet and lover of Pharaoh Ptolemy Philadelphus in his hymn to Diana (Conner: 1997, 69). Aphrodite was above all a Goddess of love in all its forms, so much so that She was nicknamed Philommedes, “genital loving.” In fact, the Greek term aphrodisia, meaning the “things of Aphrodite,” refers to sexual intercourse according to the classical scholar K.J. Dover (Conner: 1997, 64). [v] Aphrodite has Her own bearded gender variant forms and through Her association with the castrated Cronus is linked to gender variant males. It is She who gave birth to Hermaphroditus, the essential divine form of gender variance. Her beloved priest Cinyras, a legendary ruler of Cyprus, was a transvestite and lover of Apollo. Even the apparently heterosexual favorite of Aphrodite and abductor of Helen, Paris was said to be “unwarlike and effeminate.” He was so favored by Aphrodite that She blessed him with a retinue of eunuchs (Conner: 1997, 64). [vi] Since ancient times, the Goddess of Love — especially in Her form of Aphrodite Urania, or Heavenly Aphrodite — has been known as a patron of men-loving-men. K.J.Dover points out that in the homoerotic verse of Theogenes, his beloved is considered to be a “gift of Aphrodite” (Conner: 1997, 64). [vii] When Aphrodite appears as a hermaphrodite with female breasts and an erect phallus, She was called Aphroditos or Bearded Aphrodite. She was associated by the ancient Greeks not only with the planet Venus but also with the moon (Conner: 1997, 64). [viii] In ancient times, this Goddess mentioned in the Wiccan Charge of the Goddess was certainly a patron of sex, one who did not discriminate based on who entered whom. Gardner’s fear and the inclusion of the condemnation of homosexuality in the brand of the Craft which bears his name was contrary to the way his own Witch teachers did things. Gardner’s initiator Dorothy Clutterbuck lived with Elizabeth Slatter instead of with her husband. Elizabeth was described by locals as Dorothy’s “companion” and she went by the name of “John.” Dorothy also wrote passionate love poetry to mysterious women (Hesselton: 2000, 126-176). Perhaps Gardner was caught up in the Christian moral of hating homosexuals, or perhaps he found Dorothy’s lesbianism to be sexy and only condemned male homosexuals. The sexiness of lesbianism (making it tolerable) may be the reason why some Wiccans insist that two men cannot stand next to each other in circle or work together as partners while at the same time allowing women to stand and work together. Conceivably, it is merely practical for women to be together as there aren’t enough men to go around. However, if Wiccans were really serious about the “rule” for alternating men and women, they would only allow equal numbers of both sexes in circle. There have been many times that I have been in Wiccan circles where the women outnumbered the men. There seem to be objections only when two men stand or work together. Like so many other such “rules,” they are only enforced when useful. Regrettably, too many people still think for a man to emulate a woman is unnatural – that it is improper for a man to relinquish his privileged status. Regardless of prejudged attitudes, the Wiccan Goddesses’ all-encompassing, libertine-loving nature is still remembered in Wiccan circles every time She says, “All acts of love and pleasure are my rituals.” The ancient association of transvestites with fertility Perhaps the rule that men and women should stand alternating in a Wiccan circles is a mis-remembering of the tradition of cross-dressing in connection to fertility rites in ancient Britain.[ix] Those individuals who say that there is no place for sexually active homosexual priests or priestesses in a fertility religion should give more thought to the purpose transvestites played in most fertility folk customs throughout Britain. Of course not all transvestites are homosexual, but the language of queerness is applied to both and they both express a non-standard gender. In Britain, the horse was the most frequent animal disguise used to promote fertility in humans, the earth and in animals. Appearing frequently along with the sexually endowed horse was a man dressed as a woman. In 33 ancient sites in eastern and northern Kent, the transvestite “Mollie” carried a broom and appeared with the “Hooden Horse.” In southern Wales, a black-faced transvestite called “Judy” also with their broom cavorted with “Punch” during the appearance of the Mari Llwyd or “Grey Horse” previously called the Aberyn bee y Llwyd or the “Bird with a grey beak.” In villages around Sheffield, the broom-wielding, black-faced transvestite was called “Our Old Lass.” He took on the role of an old woman appearing in a hero-combat play between the butcher and the sheep-headed horse called “Old Tup.” Even today during the Horn Dance, which still takes place at Abbots Bromley in Staffordshire in early September, there is a transvestite called “Maid Marian” who carries a collecting ladle as a token of their sacred office and appears with the “Hobby Horse.” The sacred transvestite did not only appear with holy horses, they appeared as an important figure in all manner of fertility rites. In Kent, during the Horn Fair at Charlton, any man could appear in public dressed in women’s clothing. On May Day the lucky London sweeps celebrated with “the Lord and the Lady,” who was, of course, a transvestite. In the May Day battle between the Queen of May and the Queen of Winter on the Isle of Man, the Queen of Winter was a man. “Moggies” together with his husband can still be seen during the fertility rites on May Day at Ickwell in Bedfordshire. In north Wales the principal character of the fertility dances held in May was the transvestite “Cadi.” The transvestite “Bessie” blessed the ceremony of Plough Monday while the transvestite “Betty” carrying a broom sanctified the Goathlan Plough Stots in north Yorkshire the following Saturday. Ritual cross-dressing for the purpose of promoting fertility was a worldwide folk custom of antiquity which was first recorded in Europe around 400 CE by Severian when he wrote about the kalends (Bord: 1982, 201-218). Cross-dressers appeared at many fertility folk customs throughout ancient Europe. Sometimes the man (like the Cadi) was dressed as a woman only from the waist down. The image of a man dressed as a woman (in part or completely) carrying a broom was an essential ingredient in most rites to invoke fertility. Feasibly, this is in honor of the role that the mythic bisexual progenitor played in the creation of life on earth. Similar to the image of the brush and pole of the broom which they carried, the image of a single person embodying both sexes implies the psychological/physical/energetic/mystic union of male and female. This is not the union which comes after creation, but their union prior to the forming of men and women that is the source of maleness and femaleness. Thus gender variant individuals participate naturally in the source of creation. To honor them is to honor the act of creation itself thus promoting fertility for man and beast. What could Qywr magic look like in today’s world? The Holy loves us with the same love with which we love each other, but raised to the level of the Divine. –Victor H. Anderson The Minoan Brotherhood and Sisterhood were created in the 1970s by Edie Buczynski and Lady Miw because they were frustrated with the homophobic attitudes enshrined within the Gardnerian tradition. Part of the Minoan tradition’s mission was to do magic to promote the social acceptance and legal equality of GBLTQ folks. In the Minoan Brotherhood, the Great Goddess of our people is the Mother of the Divine male Lover-Gods. This is similar to the Faerie Tradition of Witchcraft which views the Star Goddess as the progenitor of all life in the universe. Her first born are the Divine Twin-Lovers who can be male-male, female-female, or male-female pairs. They switch gender at will to appear to us in the most suitable and helpful form. They also appear in diverse shapes, sometimes terrifyingly awesome or stunningly beautiful. They always appear in the form which has our best intentions at heart. This mythology is similar to many different cultures throughout time and in diverse places. Many ancient peoples not only recognized the social reality of homosexuals born of heterosexuals but also recognized their value to society as well. In the recent past, Qwyrs had lost all standing in society but were still valued for their entertainment and decorating skills. Now that the will to oppress homosexuals/bisexuals/transsexuals/queers is lessening in society because of the weakening power of religious ideologues, once again gender variant people can be valued for the multi-skilled talents they so often possess, as well as for simply being who they are. The mythology of a Mother Goddess and Twin-Lovers is ideally suited to informing Qwyr religion, myths, customs and magic, not only because of its venerable history but also because of its simplicity and beauty. The mythos of a primal Goddess giving birth to Divine Twins of indeterminate gender is so powerful because such a mythic arrangement naturally participates in the magical triangle of manifestation. The power of the One becoming Two and the Two becoming One is the power of creation itself! The fact that Divine transsexuals such as Ymir, Vishnu as Mohini, Shiva Ardhanarishvara, Baphomet, Hermaphroditus, Mollie, Judy or Bessie are associated with creation and fertility is because They can bridge the gap between women and men and directly show us that within every man and woman lies the power of creation. Every man has female hormones, and every woman has male hormones, each person with their own unique balance. Utilizing the power of creation — which is the power of love and desire — provides the ecstasy that raises power directly from our bodies and feeds our spells and magics. The use of ecstasy as a main path to the Witch Power is a specialty of gender variant covens. Qwyr folks are adept at ecstatic states which bridge the gap and discharge the force needed for spells because we naturally understand in our guts the intimate connection of ecstasy and creation. This may be why even during the worse times of our persecutions, Qwyr folks were often associated with creativity. This would explain the prevalent folk custom of including a transsexual in fertility rites to represent the ecstasy of union that empowers all kinds of fertility and creativity. Qwyr culture not only has a spiritual role but also has a supporting role for heterosexual culture. Heterosexual pairings can create families based on bonds of love and caring for each other. However, it is the bonds of love and caring between men and other men as well as women with other women that creates community. It is the circle of community that surrounds the family units to protect them and provide services. Perhaps it is the Great Goddess’ design that we help each other. Heterosexual people give birth and nourishment to Qwyr people who in turn provide multiple services that enriches and enlivens society. In today’s modern times we can forgo human sacrifice. Our Gods no longer demand blood sacrifice, as ancient Pagan societies started changing their beliefs in the need for and efficacy of blood sacrifice, in addition to recognizing its cruelty. Governments are now the arbitrators of human sacrifice, demanding their populace (but not the politicians) sacrifice their lives and livelihood to their gods of war. We also don’t need paiderestia as an accepted social institution any more. Now we know the damage done to children from abuse by adults in power is counterproductive to healthy minds and normal social relations. In turn, the damage done to pedophiles destroys their sense of compassion, social appropriateness and their ability to relate to others without controlling them. This type of behavior can lead to abuse of power over others because that is what sex with students by their teachers is often based on. Those with smaller, less encumbered egos tend to try to please those they perceive as more powerful. This kind of abuse of power over others is passed by example onto other generations, destroying slowly the social fabric of community. One cannot build community while hiding sexual misconduct; eventually it will destroy any trust upon which a community is built. Besides a mythology to help build forms of worship, one needs a healthy understanding of the relationship of sex and love. Victor Anderson used to say that if we had a real understanding of sex, we would feel no dichotomy between love and sex. Our sexual sense is one of our natural senses. It is just as natural as seeing something beautiful and feeling pleasure in the sight of it, or hearing a beautiful sound or music and being transported to an ecstatic state. In today’s world most of us are sexual cripples, crippled by religious morals, sexual predation, a lack of sexual education and a true understanding of sexual abuse as a power play. Most people in the societies of today are taught to ignore or be afraid of our sexual urges that separate our bodies from our nature and the nature of the world. It is no wonder why many people feel disassociated from others and the world. Victor also said that the association of sex with guilt was accomplished by men who wanted all the power they could grab. They betrayed women and girls by enslaving the weaker willed into submission and taught this perversion down through the generations. Because people were not allowed to choose their own sex partner, but were told who they could and couldn’t have sex with by men in authority, sexual predation and abuse has been nourished up till modern times. Masses of people have easily become perverted into hate which has fed racism, intolerance and the belief that greedy men are natural rulers that ought to be emulated. Because love and sex have become separated, the natural urges that drive evolution became separate from natural sexuality. Our sexuality, once separated from our natural urges, became associated with violence and war. This is the force behind the world’s ubiquitous rape culture that blames women for the indiscretions of men. Sex magic, on the other hand, can change all that because of its marvelous healing and creative power! It is wonderfully healing, self-empowering, and creative, because rites of sex can allow us to remove the fear, confusion, guilt and shame that authorities use to control us. The Divine desire to create the universe is reflected in our own personal desire for sex. When we realize that we as animals have the right to have sex with any consenting adult, we are naturally closer to the Divine power of creation because we are exercising our own choice rather than someone else’s. In the ancient Pagan cultures, there are many examples of both acceptance and tolerance and in some cases an elevated status for Qwyr people. These attitudes were reflected in the myths of their Gods and in their laws. It isn’t until more modern times that homosexuality was raised from an ordinary Christian sin, like eating shrimp, into a crime that exceeds the prohibitions of even the 10 Christian Commandments. Consider how often some fundamentalist monotheists bear false witness with the lies they spread about Qwyr folk. Modern Witchcraft culture itself has struggled with acceptance or tolerance of gender variant behavior. On the one hand is the libertine nature of the Goddess accepts all love and pleasure, which translates into a respect for all of human nature. On the other hand are the centuries of accrued prejudice layered onto the psyches of people by authorities. However, even Gardernians who had no problem with Qwyrs would often bend the rules of conduct because they recognized how ridiculous the rules were. It just wasn’t talked about, like so many other Qwyr things. However, not all Traditional Witchcraft traditions view Qwyrs with the same ambivalence. Some still remember the traditional inclusion of the transvestite in fertility rites to invoke the power of creation.[x] Berens, E.M. Myths and Legends of Greece and Rome. Clark and Maynard: New York, n.d. Bord, Janet and Colin. Earth Rites: Fertility Practices in Pre-industrial Britain. Granada Publishing: London, 1982. Burkert, Walter. Greek Religion. Trans. John Raffan. Harvard University Press. Cambridge, 1985. Conner, Randy; David and Mariya Sparks. Queer Myth, Symbol and Spirit. Bath Press: Bath, 1997. Evans, Arthur. Witchcraft and the Gay Counterculture. Fag Rag Books: Boston, 1978. Heselton, Philip. Wiccan Roots. Capall Bann Publishing: UK, 2000. Gade, Kari Ellen. Homosexuality and Rape of Males in Old Norse Law and Literature. Scandinavian Studies vol. 58/2, 1986. Gander, Niklas. “So, just what is the Feri Tradition?“ 25 July 2010 <http://pagantheologies.pbworks.com/w/page/13622055/Feri-Tradition/> Johnson, Tom, PhD. “Feri and Wicca: So What’s the Difference?“ Witch Eye #5: San Francisco, 9/2001. Simmer-Brown, Judith. Dakini’s Warm Breath: The Feminine Principle in Tibetan Buddhism. Shambala: Boston, 2001. Lindow, John. Scandinavian Mythology. Garland Publishing: New York, 1988. Sturluson, Snorri. The Prose Edda. Trans. Jean Young. University of California: Berkeley, 1973. Sergent, Bernard. Homosexuality in Greek Myth. Boston: Beacon Press, 1986 Farrar, Janet and Stewart. Eight Sabbaths for Witches. St. Edmundsbury Press: Suffolk, 1985. Von Rudloff, Robert. Hekate in Ancient Greek Religion. Horned Owl Publishing: Victoria, 1999. [i]Conner citing: Delcourt, Hermaphrodite, 12-13 quoting Hesychius; Persson, Religions of Greece, 146-147; Henri Jeanmaire, Couroi et Couretes. New York: Arno Press, 1975 [ii]Conner citing Callimachus, “To Artemis” [iii]Conner citing Falkner: Ephesus, 330 [iv]Conner citing Athenaeus: Deipnosophists [v]Conner citing Hesiod: Theogony [vi]Conner citing Licht: Sexual Life [vii]Conner citing Dover: Greek Homoexuality [viii]Conner citing Delcourt; Hermaphrodite, 27 and Macrobius; The Saturnalia, bk 3, chap 8, sec 2-3, p. 214 [ix]Thanks to Flora Green for this idea. [x]Thanks to Shimmer for talking about these ideas with me. Visual Art: “The Sundering” (by Maya Grey) On January 1, 2016 December 30, 2015 By andersonfaerycraftIn Art and Poetry “The Sundering” by Maya Grey, Midwinter 2015. Copyright (c) 2015 by Peacock and Snake.	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0125.json.gz/line877
__label__cc	0.734601	0.265399	1 Now when Jacob saw that there was corn in Egypt, Jacob said to his sons, Why do you look one on another? 2 And he said, Behold, I have heard that there is corn in Egypt: get you down thither, and buy for us from there; that we may live, and not die. 3 And Joseph's ten brothers went down to buy corn in Egypt. 4 But Benjamin, Joseph's brother, Jacob sent not with his brothers; for he said, Lest peradventure mischief befall him. 5 And the sons of Israel came to buy corn among those that came: for the famine was in the land of Canaan. 6 And Joseph was the governor over the land, and he it was that sold to all the people of the land: and Joseph's brothers came, and bowed down themselves before him with their faces to the earth. 7 And Joseph saw his brothers, and he knew them, but made himself strange to them, and spoke roughly to them; and he said to them, From where come you? And they said, From the land of Canaan to buy food. 8 And Joseph knew his brothers, but they knew not him. 9 And Joseph remembered the dreams which he dreamed of them, and said to them, You are spies; to see the nakedness of the land you are come. 10 And they said to him, No, my lord, but to buy food are your servants come. 11 We are all one man's sons; we are true men, your servants are no spies. 12 And he said to them, No, but to see the nakedness of the land you are come. 13 And they said, Your servants are twelve brothers, the sons of one man in the land of Canaan; and, behold, the youngest is this day with our father, and one is not. 14 And Joseph said to them, That is it that I spoke to you, saying, You are spies: 15 Hereby you shall be proved: By the life of Pharaoh you shall not go forth hence, except your youngest brother come here. 16 Send one of you, and let him fetch your brother, and you shall be kept in prison, that your words may be proved, whether there be any truth in you: or else by the life of Pharaoh surely you are spies. 17 And he put them all together into ward three days. 18 And Joseph said to them the third day, This do, and live; for I fear God: 19 If you be true men, let one of your brothers be bound in the house of your prison: go you, carry corn for the famine of your houses: 20 But bring your youngest brother to me; so shall your words be verified, and you shall not die. And they did so. 21 And they said one to another, We are truly guilty concerning our brother, in that we saw the anguish of his soul, when he sought us, and we would not hear; therefore is this distress come on us. 22 And Reuben answered them, saying, Spoke I not to you, saying, Do not sin against the child; and you would not hear? therefore, behold, also his blood is required. 23 And they knew not that Joseph understood them; for he spoke to them by an interpreter. 24 And he turned himself about from them, and wept; and returned to them again, and communed with them, and took from them Simeon, and bound him before their eyes. 25 Then Joseph commanded to fill their sacks with corn, and to restore every man's money into his sack, and to give them provision for the way: and thus did he to them. 26 And they laded their asses with the corn, and departed there. 27 And as one of them opened his sack to give his ass provender in the inn, he espied his money; for, behold, it was in his sack's mouth. 28 And he said to his brothers, My money is restored; and, see, it is even in my sack: and their heart failed them, and they were afraid, saying one to another, What is this that God has done to us? 29 And they came to Jacob their father to the land of Canaan, and told him all that befell to them; saying, 30 The man, who is the lord of the land, spoke roughly to us, and took us for spies of the country. 31 And we said to him, We are true men; we are no spies: 32 We be twelve brothers, sons of our father; one is not, and the youngest is this day with our father in the land of Canaan. 33 And the man, the lord of the country, said to us, Hereby shall I know that you are true men; leave one of your brothers here with me, and take food for the famine of your households, and be gone: 34 And bring your youngest brother to me: then shall I know that you are no spies, but that you are true men: so will I deliver you your brother, and you shall traffic in the land. 35 And it came to pass as they emptied their sacks, that, behold, every man's bundle of money was in his sack: and when both they and their father saw the bundles of money, they were afraid. 36 And Jacob their father said to them, Me have you bereaved of my children: Joseph is not, and Simeon is not, and you will take Benjamin away: all these things are against me. 37 And Reuben spoke to his father, saying, Slay my two sons, if I bring him not to you: deliver him into my hand, and I will bring him to you again. 38 And he said, My son shall not go down with you; for his brother is dead, and he is left alone: if mischief befall him by the way in the which you go, then shall you bring down my gray hairs with sorrow to the grave. How to Know “the Coming of the Son of Man” in Bible Prophecy? What “Midnight” in Bible Prophecy Refers to? Film Review of Salvation: An Analysis of the Two Misconceptions About Salvation	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0125.json.gz/line882
__label__wiki	0.535758	0.535758	Living the Meme: AI as Funny as Humans for Generating Image Captions July 18, 2018 by Isha Salian It’s possible to get grad-school credit for writing memes. At least if you use deep learning to do it. Just ask Lawrence Peirson. The 23-year-old is pursuing a theoretical astrophysics Ph.D. at Stanford, but decided to enroll in a couple AI courses this year. He and classmate E. Meltem Tolunay came up with a neural network that captions memes for a class project, now published in a whitepaper aptly titled “Dank Learning.” (“Dank,” for the uninitiated, is a synonym for “cool.”) There are lots of examples of training deep learning models to produce literal captions for an image — for example, accurately captioning an image as “man riding a surfboard” or “child with ice cream cone.” With memes, Peirson’s challenge was to see if a neural network could go beyond literal interpretation and create humorous captions. Though he was initially skeptical that the memes would be funny, Peirson found that the deep learning model produced “some quite interesting and original humor.” Attaining Deep Meme The deep learning network captioned this meme, a variation on the popular advice animals template.To collect training data for the deep learning model, Peirson scraped around 400,000 user-generated memes from the website memegenerator.net. The site provides meme templates and allows users to come up with their own captions. The dataset included around 3,000 base images, each with many different captions. Since the input data was crowdsourced, there was a wide range in quality of meme captions the deep learning model processed. “With 400k memes, most aren’t going to be that funny, but at least they teach the system what a meme is, what joke is relevant,” he said. Internet memes have circulated around the web for years, with a strong foothold in websites like Reddit, Facebook, 9GAG and Quick Meme. The most popular can get more than 2 million unique captions created. Memes often reference pop culture, current events or esoteric bits of a particular internet subculture. (Peirson runs a meme page called “The specific heat capacity of europium at standard temperature and pressure.”) As a result, they imbibe both the good and bad of digital culture — the paper notes a bias in the training data towards expletive, racist and sexist memes. Peirson sees the need to filter these out in future work, but points out that “it’s a big problem in natural language processing in general,” not one specific to memes. The deep learning model was programmed in CUDA and used an NVIDIA TITAN Xp GPU. Peirson and Tolunay tried using both unlabeled data and data labeled with the meme title (for example, success kid or trollface), but saw no significant difference in meme quality. “They’re very funny in a ‘it sort of makes sense, but not really’ way,” Peirson said. “Memes lend themselves to that kind of humor.” The deep learning network captioned this meme, a variation on the popular advice animals template. One Does Not Simply Declare a Meme Dank To evaluate the deep learning model’s success, the collaborators calculated a perplexity score, which checks whether the neural network can identify clear patterns in the data. They calculated this metric for a few hundred memes with preset formats, such as the Boromir meme, which always begins with the phrase “one does not simply.” But the true test of a meme is whether it’s funny. In a qualitative survey, Peirson and his co-author presented people with a human-generated and a deep learning-generated meme, side by side. They asked two questions: whether the subject thought the meme was created by a human or computer, and how the subject would rate the meme’s humor. The data shows the deep learning memes “were fairly indistinguishable from the real memes,” Peirson says. They also investigated how the neural network would caption images that were not among the templates in the training dataset. In these cases, the algorithm infers patterns from the unknown image based on what it has seen in the training data. Peirson even showed the deep learning system a photo of his own face to test this, with entertaining results. When Peirson ran the deep learning model on a photo of his own face, this is one of the captions it came up with. Memes often go viral, and it seems meme-themed whitepapers are no exception. Peirson says he was “extremely surprised” by the media coverage and wide interest in the project. A complementary mobile app, also titled Dank Learning, is now available on the App Store. This project, he says, has given him a new perspective on how powerful memes can be. Millions of users worldwide consume memes daily on social media sites. Peirson sees the potential for a strong AI to produce memes “at a whim” on current events to influence public opinion — or for advertisers to use memes for brand awareness: “Having this go viral is an incredible way to market.” Tags: CUDA \| Machine Learning \| TITAN	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0125.json.gz/line902
__label__cc	0.628103	0.371897	Mapping the European Breton Lai Mapping the European Breton Lai » Mapping the European Breton Lai is a three-year research project at the School of European Languages, Culture and Society (SELCS) at University College London, based within the Department of French and run by me, Elizabeth Dearnley. I hold a Leverhulme Early Career Fellowship, and the project is funded by SELCS and the Leverhulme Trust. The project traces the journeys across medieval Europe made by Breton lais, short, rhymed stories about love, chivalry and the supernatural which became popular in the later Middle Ages. Supposedly based on the tales of the ancient Bretons, lais were first recorded in twelfth-century England, in French, by a woman known as Marie de France. However, over the next 200 years many more lais were written down, initially in French and subsequently in other European languages. My project aims to examine all known surviving lais, focusing on the way in which they were disseminated in manuscripts. In a pre-print manuscript culture, there is the potential for each copy of a text to be slightly different, so I’ll be investigating some of the differences between versions of the same lai. I’m also looking at the sorts of manuscripts which contain lais, which are often miscellanies containing several different types of text, from religious manuals to bawdy fabliaux (short comic tales, usually involving some sort of sexual escapade), investigating whether any sorts of patterns can be found. Do lais travel mostly with other lais, for instance? Or with other types of short narrative? What relationship is there between collections of lais and other story collections (either other medieval ones such as Chaucer’s Canterbury Tales, or much later collections of tales such as those of the Brothers Grimm)? The second part of my project involves creating an online catalogue of lais, which will contain information relating both to the actual lai stories themselves and the manuscripts in which they are contained. At the moment this is still under construction; however, in the coming months I will be making this freely available via the project website. This will allow anyone wishing to research lais explore them in greater detail, from as many angles as possible (for instance, a user might want to look up all the manuscripts containing a certain lai and see their lists of contents, or to bring up all the lais which contain magical horses!). I will also be writing a more traditional book-length study of lais. Both website and book can be read as stand-alone works; however, they will also be designed to complement each other. In this blog I’ll be posting updates to the project, exploring some of the different lais and the manuscripts in which they are contained, and also discussing various other things relating to lais, manuscripts or the Middle Ages I find along the way. I hope you enjoy the blog – please get in touch with any questions or comments! About the project, About me, What is a lai?, Contact What is a lai? Who wrote lais? Film review: Sir Lanval ‘Does smell make you nostalgic?’ Nostalgias exhibition, Margate Pie Factory New map: Breton lai motifs Lai in focus: Lanval More maps: From mapping the Brut to smellscapes beastliness Beauty and the Beast bestiaries Biclarel Bisclaretz lioð Bisclavret book Breton Brittany Brut catalogue celtic mystique Chagford Filmmaking Group Chaucer clothes curses data visualisation Emilie Mercier Franklin's Tale genre geography Grendel Babies human nature introductions Kate McLean Lanval Lay le Freine mapping maps Melion pop culture prologues settings shape-shifting Sir Launfal Sir Orfeo smellscapes smellwalks story collections Trotula True Blood tube map Twilight Victoria Henshaw werewolves	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0125.json.gz/line903
__label__cc	0.579099	0.420901	USA-EN You are entitled to a complimentary cloth & case with any purchase! For a standard delivery within 7 business days.* Hailey Bieber & Bolon Eyewear Hailey Bieber is a reflection of Bolon’s brand values - Individuality & True-self. She is an independent and strong woman, and believes that life is about pushing our limits and daring to embrace and embody our true personality. With her confident and effortlessly-chic personality, Hailey embodies youth and style. "I think it's important to work with brands that stand for something, and what I thinkBolon stands for is individuality, they respect diversity. I think the collection reflects that because there are so many different styles and so many things to choose from. I think Bolon wants people to be able to express their own style and I think they give people the options to do so with their glasses. Everybody should be themselves." – Hailey Bieber I SEE ME CAMPAIGN Confidence • True-Self • Connection The 2019 “I SEE ME” campaign is the new chapter of the BOLON individuality story. It is an ode to the celebration of individuality and women’s empowerment. It is about being connected to your surroundings, and being in the space where you feel most yourself. In this new campaign, Hailey Bieber is seen being free, embracing the freedom to be herself, connected to her true-self. Being authentic is the connection to Bolon’s soul, the essence of the “I SEE ME” story. Hailey Bieber x Bolon Eyewear SS19 Campaign Sign up to hear about exclusive promotions © 2020 Bolon USA.	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0125.json.gz/line906
__label__cc	0.654585	0.345415	The Legal Issues of the Eric Frein Manhunt Posted on October 3, 2014 by Joshua Prince, Esq. As our viewers are likely aware, several of our recent blogs (mainly my own) regarding the Eric Frein manhunt have resulted in some controversy. Prince Law Offices has always stood by the rule of law and the Constitution. It is in that spirit that the blog articles at the heart of this controversy, and this response, were written. At Prince Law Offices, we believe that our legal system, of which the Constitution is the heart, exists both to prosecute those who commit crimes and to protect the civil and natural rights of the citizens. Sometimes, those two goals come into conflict with one another, as they have here. The Pennsylvania State Police are operating to catch and prosecute the suspect of a capital crime. They should fully utilize the resources provided them under the law to pursue and arrest the suspect, who will then be afforded an opportunity to defend himself before a judge and jury. Let us not forget that, as of now, he is a suspect and no matter what evidence has been presented by the media or the police, the foundation of our criminal justice system is that everyone receives the presumption of innocence until proven guilty. It is for precisely situations such as this that the protections of the Constitution exist, and Prince Law Offices proudly stands by its dedication and commitment to protecting the Constitutional rights of all citizens. While the State Police are clearly working to execute their mandate to enforce the criminal laws of the Commonwealth, our concern is they are neglecting the other side of the equation – the protection of all citizens’ Constitutional and natural rights. As one of the 13 colonies that would become the United States, Pennsylvanians have already lived in a society that authorized Writs of Assistance – that is, warrants that informed citizens what the government could look for, but authorized searches anywhere it would be possible for that person or item to be. These Writs of Assistance required no element of the probability of finding the particular item or person – it merely needed to be possible that the person or item sought could be in the location searched. The U.S. Supreme Court has consistently held that broad-based searches, based on nothing more than the possibility of recovering the suspect or evidence of a crime, is not constitutional. In the 1920’s, for example, when organized crime was rising due to Prohibition and violent gangsters like Al Capone were routinely avoiding jail time, the Supreme Court still held that “[i]t would be intolerable and unreasonable if a [police officer] were authorized to stop every automobile on the chance of finding liquor, and thus subject all persons lawfully using the highways to the inconvenience and indignity of such a search.” Later in that case – Carroll v. United States, 267 U.S. 132, 153-54 (1925) – the Court stated that “those lawfully . . . entitled to use the public highways, have a right to free passage without interruption or search unless there is . . . probable cause for believing that their vehicles are carrying contraband[.]” Id., at 154. It must be noted that the Court was concerned not only with inconveniences, but with the dignity of the individual citizen. While many commentators have pointed out that the residents of Monroe and Pike County are only encountering inconveniences, we feel that the greater issue concerns the dignity of the citizen. In America, we all have the right to be free from suspicion until probable cause arises to cast that light upon us. Allowing indiscriminate searches of citizens casts the shadow of suspicion upon us all and elevates the power of the government over the citizen. The State Police actions in their search for Eric Frein are by no means the only example of this, but it is our duty as citizens – and particularly attorneys – to ensure that the civil dignity of the individual citizen is preserved. Many people have commented that this is an exigent circumstance, requiring such measures as roadblocks, random searches, curfews, etc. The law, however, says otherwise. An exigent circumstance is one in which the police do not have time to get a warrant. Thus, the U.S. Supreme Court held in 1978 that “a warrantless search must be strictly circumscribed by the exigencies which justify its initiation.” Mincey v. Arizona, 437 U.S. 385, 393 (1978). A search cannot occur based on efficiency and convenience alone, for as the Supreme Court rightly held, “[t]he investigation of crime would always be simplified if warrants were unnecessary.” Id. The Court held that a “four-day search . . . can hardly be rationalized in terms of the legitimate concerns that justify an emergency search,” even when the investigation is for a homicide. Id., at 393-94. The State Police have been searching this area for two weeks. And while we applaud the fact that many recent searches have been conducted pursuant to valid warrants, that fact does not excuse the warrantless searches without probable cause of individual cars and homes. The police do not have the authority to follow the law when it is convenient and to skirt it when inconvenient. Perhaps this hampers the investigation; but if so, this is how our legal system was designed. If we are to protect our rights and dignity as citizens, we must demand that all citizens respect the Constitution. It cannot be forgotten that the Constitution expressly limits the ability of the government to act and that the State Police is the agency of the government tasked with executing that action. The urge can be great to say: “This is different. This is an emergency and the public safety is at risk.” We can certainly understand the fear with which people in the affected area are experiencing, and our intentions are not to interfere with a police investigation. Nor are they in any way supportive of Eric Frein, who, if it is determined by a court that he was responsible for the shooting, should be punished accordingly. Our intention is to ensure that while the police attempt to uphold one aspect of the law – finding and prosecuting a murder suspect – that they respect the other goal of the legal system – the protection of civil rights. It would be appropriate to include here that police officers are not, contrary to many people’s expectations, required to protect any individual. The U.S. Supreme Court, in DeShaney v. Winnebago County Dep’t of Social Services, 489 U.S. 189, 195 (1989) held that the government is under absolutely no obligation to protect any individual citizen: “[N]othing in the Due Process Clause itself requires the State to protect the life, liberty, and property of its citizens against invasion by private actors.” Thus, there is “no affirmative right to governmental aid, even where such aid may be necessary to secure life, liberty, or property . . .” Id., at 196. The end here (finding a murder suspect) is important. But the means must be within the boundaries of the law. For what is the purpose or strength of a legal system which allows the breaking of one law in order to enforce another? Who becomes the arbiter of what law may be broken in support of another? And when is that decision made? Are we to grant the individual police officers that power? The Chief of Police? The Governor? And, just as concerning, what does that say about the overall rule of law? If those in charge of upholding the law may decide the utility of any law in a given situation, then what strength does the law really have? This brings us to the issue of the State Police’s authorization for troopers to kill the suspect if he refuses surrender. (Reported in The Morning Call Sept. 23). The language is important: the order is not “shoot Frein if he presents a danger to police or anyone else.” The order states that the only exception to the authorization of deadly force is if he is “actively surrendering.” This is not legal semantics at play – this is the difference between a legal system and a police state. Of course the police may use deadly force to protect against a deadly threat – so may any individual. But authorizing the police to shoot a suspect on sight, without any need to justify that by an imminent threat to officer safety, is truly frightening and justifies our concerns with the way this investigation and search is being handled. From the larger perspective, this is perhaps the most concerning of all the developments. Eric Frein is believed to have murdered a police officer and seriously wounded another. Since then, there have been no allegations that he has injured anyone else. There is evidence, as reported by the UK Daily Mail, that Frein believed his sister-in-law was having an affair with the wounded trooper. The State Police has stated that an investigation turned up no evidence of the affair, but the important part is that Frein may very well have believed it to be the case. This is not to excuse, in any way, Frein’s alleged actions. This information is extremely important, however, in determining whether he is a threat to the community and the Police in particular. If he targeted an individual for personal revenge, then he is no more dangerous than any other wanted murderer, the search for whom entire communities are not cordoned off and randomly searched. It is hard not to conclude that the State Police are conducting such an extensive search primarily because the murder victim was a fellow officer. Lehigh Valley Live admitted as much: “[I]t’s undeniable that state police and FBI wouldn’t be casting such an intrusive dragnet for a civilian wanted for murdering another civilian.” We can sympathize with the human desire to defend one’s family, and police officers certainly form a familial bond. But what is unique and exceptional about our Constitution and legal system is precisely that we do not place government authorities above other “civilians.” We are all citizens. Donning a uniform – while granting certain temporary powers prescribed by law – does not transform an individual into more than a civilian. The law applies to us all equally. The fact that the State Police feel a greater need to pursue a suspected murderer who killed a fellow officer than a suspected murderer who killed a mere “civilian” obliterates the objectivity with which much of the respect and authority of the police is based upon. Establishing respect for the law starts with those tasked with upholding it. Making exceptions because of one’s status as a police officer can only harm respect for the law. Finally, I would like to address the allegations that our attorneys are only interested in exploiting a situation to make money. This is some distance from the truth. For example, I recently successfully represented the Sheriff of Perry County in a lawsuit brought by county auditors who sought confidential information. In addition, I provide pro-bono law enforcement firearms law seminars, so that law enforcement officers are informed of the firearms law in the Commonwealth, so to ensure that they do not end up a Defendant in a civil rights lawsuit. Every winter, the firm hosts an all-day event within the community to provide food and warmth to the indigent. Indeed, if Prince Law was concerned primarily with financial gain, civil rights litigation would not be a primary focus. Rather, Prince Law is concerned with the protection of our Constitutional rights. This is why our attorneys conduct seminars on firearms and civil rights – frequently several hours long, on the weekend – without any form of compensation. Finally, the contention that Prince Law is only trying to “make a buck” necessarily implies that there are civil rights abuses occurring in Monroe and Pike County; for if Prince Law were to “greedily” work on a contingent basis, the firm would only make money by winning a claim. And Prince Law would only win the case if there were merit to the belief that the State Police have not followed the Constitution. Previous Post Landlord-Tenant: Brief Overview Next Post Some Positive News from . . . New Jersey? 61 thoughts on “The Legal Issues of the Eric Frein Manhunt” must say very well said two thumbs up from this guy Scott B. says: Another excellent blog post by Joshua Prince. Joshua, thank you for standing up for the rule of law – it is refreshing to see! Steven Bazil says: Josh – your comments and concerns are spot on. We need to watch how this situation plays out very cautiously. Due process is a critical concept that protects ALL of our constitutional rights. DFA says: Excellently worded. Sent from my mobile device. Please excuse any typos. Terance Healy says: One must question the sincerity of any lawyer when facing the denial of constitutionally protected rights when the lawyer is mandated to maintain confidentiality even in the face of denial of civil rights, loss of property, and no protection under the law. These are the deliberate effects when the ABA provided an unconstitutional rule to the state supreme court to enact into law. Enacted 1987, effective 1988. Kids for Cash affected over 4000 children and their families. The National Foreclosure Crisis affect over 40 million families In 1983, the ABA had removed two provisions from Rule 1.6 Confidentiality which permitted a lawyer to speak where silence would conceal or permit “substantial injury to the financial interests or property of another”; where the lawyer was seeking “to rectify the consequences of a client’s criminal or fraudulent act in the furtherance of which the lawyer’s services have been used.” Yep, the American Bar Association planned ahead for foreclosure fraud and more… no one went to jail. http://work2bdone.com/live/2014/10/ethics-becomes-no-ethics-at-all/ FINALLY! Someone with a brain! Excellently written and correctly researched. LeeRoy Spirit says: The American Bar Association is NOT part of either State or Federal government. Associations are well known to place the interests of all their members–even if not all members concur–ahead of clients’ legal interests. Further, ABA membership roles have suffered severe shrinkage over time given those attorneys who don’t concur to wit giving up their membership. (As an aside, similar membership shrinkage has affected the AMA …) There are those truly constitutionally-minded attorneys who might even view court action against the ABA as an appropriate remedy to counter the ethics changes as specified in the attorney’s blog above. However, Law Judges nationwide have managed to “join the ABA” by requiring ABA membership of all attorneys coming before the bar in their venue. This is just as–nay, MORE–egregious than the ABA’s internal “throwing away” of CONSTITUTIONAL CONSCIONCE”. While most Judges are attorneys & have every right to join the ABA, ALL Judges DO NOT HAVE & should not try to wrongly wield ANY SUCH “OUTLAWING OF CONSTITUTIONAL CONCIOUS” before their court. JUSTICE IS NOT REALLY BLIND: but it does turn it’s blind eye to the corruption brought about threw unjust wealth flows in our legal system. HONEST TO GOD, we truly need a few GOD-FEARING PATRIOTS who are also attorneys and judges to step up and initiate corruption eradication. About five percent of the world’s population are counting on the continuing tearing down of the very core principles of our U.S. Constitution. It remains for the rest of the world’s population to follow the lead of those American Patriots who are charged near-now by God to turn the “pyramid” upside down. We have seen such ramifications before in this country. True American Patriots are Citizens with the SPIRITUAL backbone to act: Again and again, as many times as necessary to restore our LIBERTY. May the “cleansing” commence,. Joann Bidwell Laniewski says: Wow well said, Paragraph 12 is the one that sticks in my mind.But the whole article is on target. Thank you Prince Law…. SWIFT says: A court order should be obtained forcing the State Police to abandon it’s shoot to kill policy. This same order was given by FBI at Ruby Ridge with disastrous consequences. The wrong people died, or went to jail, after Ruby Ridge. Stop the BS now! redacted says: Mr. Prince, As I do not condone violence or the violation of any law it is our duty as citizens to uphold the U.S. Constitution. Rapidly fluid and emotional circumstances sometimes cause a visual and intellectual haze and obscurity prohibiting the proper application of the due process and related constitutional protections. Mr. Prince should be recognized as the “Consummate Officer of the Court.” beardawg says: And again at Waco! And Waco could be described as a massacre. Still losers chumming for business. Sad when the police have to spend valuable time responding to your bull, and it should be informative that the citizens in the area (of which you are NOT local) have decried your idiocy. victoryintruth says: Seriously? These guys are saying what must/should be said and the coproaches should be respecting people’s individual rights–which they long ago ceased to do. Sounds like you wear a badge & costume and/or you have no idea what the rule of law means. LISA>>>The USA is turning into a nation of cowards. Can’t you see the importance of the 2nd Amendment? What is happening in “your?” area is as important to me in so far as how are my personal liberties being affected, not only now but for the long run! The really sad part is that the real losers in the “the land of the free and the home of the brave” are dragging everyone else down with them. Donald Unger says: Thank You Attorney Joshua Prince and Staff: For bringing intellectual insight, into the forefront of these matters, pertaining to the Constitution & Case Law. Keep up the good work. Regards, beentheredonethat says: IF I EVER NEED A CIVIL RIGHTS LAWYER IN THIS POLICE STATE THEY CALL PENNSYLVANIA, I AM CALLING YOU!! ELAINE KENO FORMER ANCHOR/REPORTER KYW NEWS RADIO Area Man says: Re: shoot upon sight if not surrendering, it’s important that this be challenged strongly. Are any other voices such as ACLU joining you in this? I cannot believe such rules of engagement are constitutional. And the fact that hunters may soon be in the area make this a tragedy waiting to happen, for which no one will be held accountable. Mitch Samuels says: It’s now been weeks that several communities are under siege by Law Enforcement. It’s getting ridiculous. When will the residents get their communities back? The press writes stories about how the residents are supportive of this action, quoting the same handful of people, but most residents I’ve spoken with, including myself, have had enough. People need to start making some noise… Keep the “Pro-You responses” and delete the educated response showing CASE PRECEDENT that proves you have no legal ground to stand on. Well, Newswatch 16 will be very interested to hear that. Have fun with more negative media attention! The Marine You Shouldn’t Have Ignored. Help Tony says: Tony Antonello, a reporter from Scranton, is being menaced for investigating the Frein case. R. J. S. says: Seems to me that these over reaching fascist types wouldn’t go to a tenth of the actions to catch someone who shot and killed some other poor bloke living in the town. From what I read about this in the article, these rampaging thugs care not a whit about the citizenry whose rights and property they are trampling. Shame on them ! BTW, I have a small yard sign in the front of my house that says “Hang the Traitors to the US Constitution, after a fair trial and a good tar and feathering, of course.” And maybe these goons should be reminded about what happened to Hitlers Brownshirts after they secured power for him. Craig Miller says: As a marine, combat veteran, I would like to personally thank you for your efforts to protect and preserve our Constitution. I personally know what it is like to personally defend freedom and our way of life. People like you are becoming more and more scarce. I pray God blesses your efforts. Please know that there are in fact those of us that believe the same way you do and are willing to do whatever it takes to preserve our liberty! I have been telling my father for several years now that as a combat Marine I personally believe that it should be illegal for any veteran to serve as a police or law enforcement officer in our republic. We are trained starting in boot camp that the enemy is always guilty. Kill or be killed. There is never any though to constitutional rights for the enemy because they don’t fall under it. The whole idea of Innocent until proven guilty is not an option, or you pay with your life. Veterans never lose that thought process. Ever. Once they transition into law enforcement stateside they tend to continue this thought process. Not all, but still many of them cannot break away from the thought processes that are brainwashed into us from the time we start boot camp. Because of this we have a law enforcement full of combat veterans that want to relive their combat days, or veterans that still have something to prove because they never saw “action”. This is the reason it is so easy for the powers that be to “militarize our police force”. I hope these gross displays of military action against the citizens of this Republic quickly disposed of through the most peaceful means possible. Long live the republic and long live liberty! Craig Miller I concur with the blog’s contentions regarding violations of Constitutional Law, and court precedent. I do however, disagree with the comment, ““[I]t’s undeniable that state police and FBI wouldn’t be casting such an intrusive dragnet for a civilian wanted for murdering another civilian.” We can sympathize with the human desire to defend one’s family, and police officers certainly form a familial bond. But what is unique and exceptional about our Constitution and legal system is precisely that we do not place government authorities above other “civilians.” The police, while they do have the stated “familial bond,” the reason they ALWAYS go after a cop killer with extra effort is beyond that. The reasoning is that, if a person kills an ARMED POLICEMAN, he/she would hardly hesitate to kill an innocent non-police person. Cop killers have always been viewed as more dangerous to everyone; especially innocent bystanders. If my wife/family were within the search area, the police would literally have to arrest me to keep me from going home … not that I would use any force against them, but to stop me, they would have to physically do so. Not just for Constitutional reasons as important as that is, but also because no person should be forcibly separated from their family in the manner that they have been. 2heavyb says: You took that out of context. The author stated that it’s believed the suspect thought his sister in law was having an affair with the wounded trooper. It seems that if this is the case then anyone other than law enforcement is not in immediate danger. If this suspect was off his rocker it would be reasonable to also assume that in two weeks he would have either engaged the search parties or assaulted citizens. Pingback: The Legal Issues of the Eric Frein Manhunt \| Western Rifle Shooters Association Mark Matis says: Do you TRULY not understand this is merely standard operating procedure for “Law Enforcement” officers across this entire country? Their actions in the manhunt are the RULE, not the exception. Special times are coming, and the Blue Wall would do well to understand what will come of them acting as Only Ones. Pingback: Tactical Training by Max Velocity \| Rightful Liberty: The Legal Issues of the Eric Frein Manhunt BradyBunch says: Hear , Hear! dauden says: Very encouraging to hear the wise counsel of the Prince Law Firm. Pingback: Remember Boston? \| American Irony In The Land Of Freedumb… Seriously Pissed Resident says: Pocono resident mistaken for Frein says he was assaulted http://citizensvoice.com/news/pocono-resident-mistaken-for-frein-says-he-was-assaulted-1.1775336 And the thought police are monitoring, harassing and threatening people on internet forums as well. Trooper Kelly said they were monitoring everything being said about Frein but being threatened with death for talking about things they are clearly hiding is going WAY too far. I want to sue personally and I know others being directly harassed that do as well. It’s also worth noting that the media was not allowed at the last press conference due to “safety reasons” and Anthony Antonello, a former Ron Paul delegate is being harassed for reporting things about the Frein case that the main stream media refuses to address. They keep saying Frein wants to commit acts of mass murder but he has been seen by 3 people since they said that and he hasn’t harmed a single one of them , one of whom was a police officer. When are they going to stop fear mongering the public with a story that is clearly falling apart? Is their Frein story any more “clearly falling apart” than their Global Warming story? Why would you expect them to act any differently? “A lie told often enough becomes the truth.” That has been their motto for years. And that of their Media enablers as well. Or do you REALLY believe it is “All the news that’s fit to print“??? Tell the Truth! says: Why Tony Antonello is being tailed More questions than answers Its now being reported that unconstitutional searches are going on in NY related to the Frein search. With assault teams. #FreinGATE says: National Security Expert Susan Katz Keating exposes Eric Freins so-called WMD’s Comparing Eric Frein’s “Grenade” to a Pill Bottle: Navig8r Spots Some Relevant Features http://www.susankatzkeating.com/2014/10/comparing-eric-freins-grenade-to-pill.html The balloon they are now using will also store people’s private information… “Police would not address potential privacy concerns or how long the information gathered by the balloon would be stored” New video from PETV highlighting the Martial Law going on in NEPA. What about the 3rd Amenedment? says: UPDATE !! Can’t Contain The Frein ? Maybe The 3rd Amendment Isn’t Outdated After All.. @FreinGATE says: Oathkeepers cover #FreinGATE http://oathkeepers.org/oath/2014/10/28/local-speaks-out-on-the-freingate-martial-law-in-pennsylvania/ Pennsylvania State Police State…2014 Drills and Exercises and the Eric Frein Story Pingback: Eric Frein captured... Azzy says: This write up was a breath of fresh air. Keep fighting the good fight. T A says: George Small says: Josh – Exactly does it feel to be chief counsel to the tinfoil hat brigade? Is this really what you hoped for sitting in class at the KMart of law schools? You must be devastated that Eric surrendered so easily. That means you go back to insignificance. I hear bus advertising works. The fact that you have nothing to add but sarcasm says a lot more about your own level of intelligent than it does about how well Josh is doing his job My “own level of intelligent”? Proves the point. Actually went to the same law school as The Chief Counsel. Did a little better then and now. Wait a minute while I catch my breath. “own level of intelligent” Here’s a level of intelligent you couldn’t begin to comprehend. Guilty Until Proven Innocent is a Slippery Slope Pocono Crime ‏@PoconoCrime · 12h12 hours ago #Freingate 2 fires broke out at the Birchwood Resort last night, where Frein was captured Thursday. Highly… http://fb.me/717m18eMX #Freingate 2 fires broke out at the Birchwood Resort last night, where Frein was captured Thursday. Highly… http://t.co/CXSd6N8Mcc — Pocono Crime (@PoconoCrime) November 1, 2014 #‎Freingate‬ 2 fires broke out at the Birchwood Resort last night, where Frein was captured Thursday. Highly suspicious, according to the Fire Marshall. Police and investigators were there all day yesterday with the roads closed. How do 2 fires happen??!?! http://fb.me/717m18eMX Twitter blocked use of the #FreinGATE hashtag from 8:42 PM – 30 Oct 2014 to 6:58 PM – 31 Oct 2014 8:42 PM – 30 Oct 2014 https://twitter.com/Animation_King/status/528029338763948032 https://twitter.com/DRUNKEN_MOM/status/528365506387279873 https://twitter.com/hashtag/freingate?f=realtime Eric Frein Captured: Will the Truth Now Be Told? http://www.susankatzkeating.com/2014/10/eric-frein-captured-will-truth-now-be.html Firefighters say two fires at former Birchwood Resort are suspicious http://www.poconorecord.com/article/20141101/NEWS/141109965 https://web.archive.org/web/20141102021513/http://www.poconorecord.com/article/20141101/NEWS/141109965 Some videos filmed by a Canadensistan local during the Frein manhunt martial law occupation PA Military Occupation – The Thug Menace New police vehicle draws controversy http://www.wfmz.com/news/news-regional-southeasternpa/new-police-vehicle-draws-controversy/29288062 Freedom of speech is still being hindered by Twitter.. The last post they allowed on the #FreinGate hashtag was Nov 1st No new posts since 1:13 PM – 1 Nov 2014 https://twitter.com/bsentkowski/status/528640996351832064 This is quite ironic since they championed freedom of speech so much during the arab spring…. Suspected Pennsylvania sniper’s sister questions arrest details http://www.msn.com/en-us/news/crime/suspected-pennsylvania-snipers-sister-questions-arrest-details/ar-BBcMw20 https://web.archive.org/web/20141103203401/http://www.msn.com/en-us/news/crime/suspected-pennsylvania-snipers-sister-questions-arrest-details/ar-BBcMw20 Two Pike County public defenders to represent Frein http://thetimes-tribune.com/news/two-pike-county-public-defenders-to-represent-frein-1.1782140 https://web.archive.org/web/20141103214129/http://thetimes-tribune.com/news/two-pike-county-public-defenders-to-represent-frein-1.1782140 SmokeNMirrors11 • 10 minutes ago “This should sit real well with Frein. Mike Weinstein is the former District Attorney in Pike County. I am sure he worked closely with the State Police over the years. Let’s complicate it further. Robert Bernathys dad was a State Police criminal investigator who sat in the same building as the Victims. Certainly as attorneys they have an obligation to represent Frein, however I can’t see Frein being satisfied with their appointments. I suspect their representation will be short lived”. How could they not know this information upon appointment of attorneys?! More Questions says: Steve Corbett: Investigate what marshals did during Eric Frein’s capture http://www.timesleader.com/news/opinion_columns/50639983/THEIR-VIEW-Investigate-Feds-Frein-story Eric Frein’s lawyer says police prevented meeting after capture http://www.lehighvalleylive.com/breaking-news/index.ssf/2014/11/eric_freins_lawyer_says_police.html Leave a Reply to Joann Bidwell Laniewski Cancel reply	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0125.json.gz/line912
__label__cc	0.69146	0.30854	BookBathBrew The Perfect Way to Spend an Evening Tag: Faye Snowden Review: A Killing Fire August 27, 2019 bookbathbrew1 Comment Here is my late review for the blog tour of A Killing Fire. Huge apologies to the author, publisher, and Anne Cater for this being so late. The first time Raven Burns saw her father kill, the victim was her mother. Afterwards, Floyd “FIRE” Burns set the house on fire, making Raven watch as the flames slithered across the yard like some unknowable language. Then he took her on a multi-state killing spree. She could’ve told or killed him in his sleep. But there were his constant whispers, his wet lips close to her ear saying that little girls who told were sent to hell, and their mothers were called down from heaven to take care of them. By the time he is executed, Raven has become a cop with the sole purpose of putting men like him away. But she can’t escape Floyd’s terrorizing voice in her head, somehow guiding her steps while reminding her of the horrors he had forced her to witness. And she can’t escape the questions that continue to haunt her: Did witnessing make her complicit? Had the same evil that lived in her father taken residence in her soul? The town of Byrd’s Landing, Louisiana appears to have made up its mind. The community accepts that Raven had nothing to do with Floyd’s crimes. But when Raven shoots a teenager who points what turns out to be an unloaded weapon at her, stories about Floyd resurface. The whispers begin. No voice is louder than wealthy socialite Hazel Westcott. When Westcott turns up dead in the backyard of her Big Bayou Lake estate, the doubting voices reach a deafening crescendo, and the ghosts of her past rise up to greet her. To catch Westcott’s killer, Raven must come to terms once and for all with who she is. And who she is not. The Killing Fire revolves around the story of Raven. When she is called to the scene of a murder she sees something that reminds her of her father. Is it a coincidence, or is Raven’s past coming back to haunt her. The book focuses on the murder investigation, with flashes of Raven’s past with her father. Through this we see how Raven was shaped by her father’s influence, something she still hasn’t managed to escape. There’s only been one victim so far, but Raven is convinced this is the work of a serial killer, and that this is only the beginning. Is she right, or is her desperation to solve the murder clouding her judgement? The past and present are cleverly woven throughout this book. Alternating timelines are something I often struggle with, I generally prefer a book told in chronological order, but it worked well in this. It gave the reader clues about Raven’s past, letting them know more about her character while building up suspense. Throughout the book it is unclear whether Raven is correct in her beliefs that the killings are related to her father. Raven is an unreliable narrator, so the reader doesn’t know whether to believe her theory, or if her past is colouring her abilities. This adds to the tension as the reader tries to work out what is really going on. Raven was a very interesting character, but I don’t think I’d trust her to lead an investigation. I enjoyed the book and I’d like to see more of Raven in the future. Follow BookBathBrew on WordPress.com Reading This Week	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0125.json.gz/line923
__label__cc	0.647151	0.352849	Most common in older adult smokers and ex-smokers. Small tumours in the lung are often asymptomatic, so the majority of patients have either locally advanced or metastatic disease at diagnosis. Most common presenting symptoms are cough, chest pain, haemoptysis, dyspnoea, and weight loss. A suspicious lung mass can be biopsied during bronchoscopy or using CT guidance. Staging studies (i.e., CT, PET, mediastinal sampling) are required to determine extent of local or regional disease and to evaluate for metastases. Treatment depends on stage of disease, histological subtype, molecular genotype, and patient comorbidities. Surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy are the most common modalities, but molecular-targeted therapy is important for specific genotypes and immunotherapy is becoming increasingly important. Lung cancer comprises a group of malignant epithelial tumours arising from cells lining the lower respiratory tract. Lung cancer is divided into 2 categories: non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and small cell lung cancer. NSCLC accounts for more than 80% of all lung cancers.[1]Howlader N, Noone AM, Krapcho M, et al (eds); National Cancer Institute. SEER cancer statistics review, 1975-2014. June 2017. http://seer.cancer.gov (last accessed 14 September 2017). https://seer.cancer.gov/csr/1975_2014/sections.html There are 3 main types of NSCLC (adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and large cell carcinoma) and these are grouped into further subtypes. haemoptysis chest and/or shoulder pain pulmonary examination abnormalities bone pain and/or fractures weakness, paraesthesias and/or pain in C8/T1 distribution cervical or supraclavicular adenopathy Horner's syndrome facial swelling dilated neck or chest/abdominal wall veins finger clubbing hypertrophic pulmonary osteoarthropathy environmental tobacco exposure radon gas exposure contrast-enhanced CT scan of lower neck, thorax, and upper abdomen sputum cytology diagnostic thoracentesis and/or pleural biopsy sampling of the mediastinal lymph nodes: mediastinoscopy and endobronchial ultrasound video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) thoracoscopy MRI or CT of brain MRI of thoracic inlet contrast-enhanced CT liver and adrenals pulmonary function tests (PFT) LFTs serum calcium electrolytes and renal function electrocardiogram and echocardiogram epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation testing anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) testing ROS1 testing programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) testing BRAF testing stage I and II stage IIIA stage IIIB stage IV Professor David R. Baldwin, MD, FRCP Consultant Respiratory Physician Nottingham University Hospitals Honorary Professor of Medicine Respiratory Medicine Unit David Evans Research Centre City Hospital Campus DRB has received a lecture fee from Pierre-Fabre and educational grants from Boehringer Ingelheim Ltd, Irwin Mitchell, Roche, and Siemans; DRB has received assistance for travel to an international meeting from OncImmune Ltd. Sanjay Popat, FRCP, PhD Consultant Medical Oncologist Royal Marsden Hospital SP has been paid as a consultant to Eli Lilly and has acted as consultant to AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, Clovis Oncology, BMS, MSD, Pfizer, Novartis, and Ariad. SP has received research grants from Pierre Fabre, Otsuka, and Boehringer Ingelheim. SP has received assistance for travel from Boehringer Ingelheim, MSD, and Pfizer. Professor David R. Baldwin and Dr Sanjay Popat would like to gratefully acknowledge Dr Mick Peake, Dr Chris Kelsey, and Dr Lawrence Marks, previous contributors to this topic. MP has received lecture fees: AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals, Lilly Oncology Ltd, Pierre-Fabre, GSK Ltd, and Roche Pharmaceuticals Ltd. MP has also received educational grants to attend scientific conferences from Roche Pharmaceuticals Ltd and Boehringer Ingelheim Ltd. CK and LM declare that they have no competing interests. Alan Neville, MD AN declares that he has no competing interests. James Huang, MD Assistant Attending Surgeon Thoracic Service JH declares that he has no competing interests. Siow Ming Lee, PhD, FRCP SML declares that he has no competing interests. Pneumonia/bronchitis Lung cancer: diagnosis and management external link opens in a new window NCCN clinical practice guidelines in oncology: non-small cell lung cancer external link opens in a new window external link opens in a new windowLung cancer (non-small-cell) external link opens in a new windowLung cancer: questions to ask your doctor Insertion of intercostal drain Seldinger technique animated demonstration Venepuncture and phlebotomy animated demonstration	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0125.json.gz/line936
__label__cc	0.701296	0.298704	[![CII Best Practices](https://bestpractices.coreinfrastructure.org/projects/42/badge)](https://bestpractices.coreinfrastructure.org/projects/42) <a href="https://bestpractices.coreinfrastructure.org/projects/42"><img src="https://bestpractices.coreinfrastructure.org/projects/42/badge"></a> GitLab is version control for your server. It also includes an issue tracker, CI/CD and a wiki. https://about.gitlab.com https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-ce The project MUST achieve a passing level badge. [achieve_passing] The information on how to contribute MUST include the requirements for acceptable contributions (e.g., a reference to any required coding standard). (URL required) [contribution_requirements] https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-ce/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md Supervisión del proyecto The project SHOULD have a legal mechanism where all developers of non-trivial amounts of project software assert that they are legally authorized to make these contributions. The most common and easily-implemented approach for doing this is by using a Developer Certificate of Origin (DCO), where users add "signed-off-by" in their commits and the project links to the DCO website. However, this MAY be implemented as a Contributor License Agreement (CLA), or other legal mechanism. (URL required) [dco] The DCO is the recommended mechanism because it's easy to implement, tracked in the source code, and git directly supports a "signed-off" feature using "commit -s". To be most effective it is best if the project documentation explains what "signed-off" means for that project. A CLA is a legal agreement that defines the terms under which intellectual works have been licensed to an organization or project. A contributor assignment agreement (CAA) is a legal agreement that transfers rights in an intellectual work to another party; projects are not required to have CAAs, since having CAA increases the risk that potential contributors will not contribute, especially if the receiver is a for-profit organization. The Apache Software Foundation CLAs (the individual contributor license and the corporate CLA) are examples of CLAs, for projects which determine that the risks of these kinds of CLAs to the project are less than their benefits. The project MUST clearly define and document its project governance model (the way it makes decisions, including key roles). (URL required) [governance] There needs to be some well-established documented way to make decisions and resolve disputes. In small projects, this may be as simple as "the project owner and lead makes all final decisions". There are various governance models, including benevolent dictator and formal meritocracy; for more details, see Governance models. Both centralized (e.g., single-maintainer) and decentralized (e.g., group maintainers) approaches have been successfully used in projects. The governance information does not need to document the possibility of creating a project fork, since that is always possible for FLOSS projects. The project MUST adopt a code of conduct and post it in a standard location. (URL required) [code_of_conduct] Projects may be able to improve the civility of their community and to set expectations about acceptable conduct by adopting a code of conduct. This can help avoid problems before they occur and make the project a more welcoming place to encourage contributions. This should focus only on behavior within the community/workplace of the project. Example codes of conduct are the Linux kernel code of conduct, the Contributor Covenant Code of Conduct, the Debian Code of Conduct, the Ubuntu Code of Conduct, the Fedora Code of Conduct, the GNOME Code Of Conduct, the KDE Community Code of Conduct, the Python Community Code of Conduct, The Ruby Community Conduct Guideline, and The Rust Code of Conduct. The project MUST clearly define and publicly document the key roles in the project and their responsibilities, including any tasks those roles must perform. It MUST be clear who has which role(s), though this might not be documented in the same way. (URL required) [roles_responsibilities] The documentation for governance and roles and responsibilities may be in one place. The project MUST be able to continue with minimal interruption if any one person is incapacitated or killed. In particular, the project MUST be able to create and close issues, accept proposed changes, and release versions of software, within a week of confirmation that an individual is incapacitated or killed. This MAY be done by ensuring someone else has any necessary keys, passwords, and legal rights to continue the project. Individuals who run a FLOSS project MAY do this by providing keys in a lockbox and a will providing any needed legal rights (e.g., for DNS names). (URL required) [access_continuity] The project SHOULD have a "bus factor" of 2 or more. (URL required) [bus_factor] A "bus factor" (aka "truck factor") is the minimum number of project members that have to suddenly disappear from a project ("hit by a bus") before the project stalls due to lack of knowledgeable or competent personnel. The truck-factor tool can estimate this for projects on GitHub. For more information, see Assessing the Bus Factor of Git Repositories by Cosentino et al. The project MUST have a documented roadmap that describes what the project intends to do and not do for at least the next year. (URL required) [documentation_roadmap] The project might not achieve the roadmap, and that's fine; the purpose of the roadmap is to help potential users and constributors understand the intended direction of the project. It need not be detailed. The project MUST include documentation of the architecture (aka high-level design) of the software produced by the project. If the project does not produce software, select "not applicable" (N/A). (URL required) [documentation_architecture] A software architecture explains a program's fundamental structures, i.e., the program's major components, the relationships among them, and the key properties of these components and relationships. The project MUST document what the user can and cannot expect in terms of security from the software produced by the project (its "security requirements"). (URL required) [documentation_security] These are the security requirements that the software is intended to meet. The project MUST provide a "quick start" guide for new users to help them quickly do something with the software. (URL required) [documentation_quick_start] The idea is to show users how to get started and make the software do anything at all. This is critically important for potential users to get started. The project MUST make an effort to keep the documentation consistent with the current version of the project results (including software produced by the project). Any known documentation defects making it inconsistent MUST be fixed. If the documentation is generally current, but erroneously includes some older information that is no longer true, just treat that as a defect, then track and fix as usual. [documentation_current] The documentation MAY include information about differences or changes between versions of the software and/or link to older versions of the documentation. The intent of this criterion is that an effort is made to keep the documentation consistent, not that the documentation must be perfect. The project repository front page and/or website MUST identify and hyperlink to any achievements, including this best practices badge, within 48 hours of public recognition that the achievement has been attained. (URL required) [documentation_achievements] An achievement is any set of external criteria that the project has specifically worked to meet, including some badges. This information does not need to be on the project website front page. A project using GitHub can put achievements on the repository front page by adding them to the README file. The project (both project sites and project results) SHOULD follow accessibility best practices so that persons with disabilities can still participate in the project and use the project results where it is reasonable to do so. [accessibility_best_practices] For web applications, see the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG 2.0) and its supporting document Understanding WCAG 2.0; see also W3C accessibility information. For GUI applications, consider using the environment-specific accessibility guidelines (such as Gnome, KDE, XFCE, Android, iOS, Mac, and Windows). Some TUI applications (e.g. `ncurses` programs) can do certain things to make themselves more accessible (such as `alpine`'s `force-arrow-cursor` setting). Most command-line applications are fairly accessible as-is. This criterion is often N/A, e.g., for program libraries. Here are some examples of actions to take or issues to consider: Provide text alternatives for any non-text content so that it can be changed into other forms people need, such as large print, braille, speech, symbols or simpler language ( WCAG 2.0 guideline 1.1) Color is not used as the only visual means of conveying information, indicating an action, prompting a response, or distinguishing a visual element. ( WCAG 2.0 guideline 1.4.1) The visual presentation of text and images of text has a contrast ratio of at least 4.5:1, except for large text, incidental text, and logotypes ( WCAG 2.0 guideline 1.4.3) Make all functionality available from a keyboard (WCAG guideline 2.1) A GUI or web-based project SHOULD test with at least one screen-reader on the target platform(s) (e.g. NVDA, Jaws, or WindowEyes on Windows; VoiceOver on Mac & iOS; Orca on Linux/BSD; TalkBack on Android). TUI programs MAY work to reduce overdraw to prevent redundant reading by screen-readers. The software produced by the project SHOULD be internationalized to enable easy localization for the target audience's culture, region, or language. If internationalization (i18n) does not apply (e.g., the software doesn't generate text intended for end-users and doesn't sort human-readable text), select "not applicable" (N/A). [internationalization] Localization "refers to the adaptation of a product, application or document content to meet the language, cultural and other requirements of a specific target market (a locale)." Internationalization is the "design and development of a product, application or document content that enables easy localization for target audiences that vary in culture, region, or language." (See W3C's "Localization vs. Internationalization".) Software meets this criterion simply by being internationalized. No localization for another specific language is required, since once software has been internationalized it's possible for others to work on localization. If the project sites (website, repository, and download URLs) store passwords for authentication of external users, the passwords MUST be stored as iterated hashes with a per-user salt by using a key stretching (iterated) algorithm (e.g., PBKDF2, Bcrypt or Scrypt). If the project sites do not store passwords for this purpose, select "not applicable" (N/A). [sites_password_security] Note that the use of GitHub meets this criterion. This criterion only applies to passwords used for authentication of external users into the project sites. If the project sites must log in to other sites, they may need to store passwords for that purpose differently (since using an algorithm like Bcrypt would make those passwords useless). This applies criterion crypto_password_storage to the project sites, similar to sites_https. The project MUST maintain the most often used older versions of the product or provide an upgrade path to newer versions. If the upgrade path is difficult, the project MUST document how to perform the upgrade (e.g., the interfaces that have changed and detailed suggested steps to help upgrade). [maintenance_or_update] The project MUST use an issue tracker for tracking individual issues. [report_tracker] Warning: Requires lengthier justification. The project MUST give credit to the reporter(s) of all vulnerability reports resolved in the last 12 months, except for the reporter(s) who request anonymity. If there have been no vulnerabilities resolved in the last 12 months, select "not applicable" (N/A). (URL required) [vulnerability_report_credit] The project MUST have a documented process for responding to vulnerability reports. (URL required) [vulnerability_response_process] This is strongly related to vulnerability_report_process, which requires that there be a documented way to report vulnerabilities. It also related to vulnerability_report_response, which requires response to vulnerability reports within a certain time frame. Calidad 0/19 ● The project MUST identify the specific coding style guides for the primary languages it uses, and require that contributions generally comply with it. (URL required) [coding_standards] In most cases this is done by referring to some existing style guide(s), possibly listing differences. These style guides can include ways to improve readability and ways to reduce the likelihood of defects (including vulnerabilities). Many programming languages have one or more widely-used style guides. Examples of style guides include Google's style guides and SEI CERT Coding Standards. The project MUST automatically enforce its selected coding style(s) if there is at least one FLOSS tool that can do so in the selected language(s). [coding_standards_enforced] This MAY be implemented using static analysis tool(s) and/or by forcing the code through code reformatters. In many cases the tool configuration is included in the project's repository (since different projects may choose different configurations). Projects MAY allow style exceptions (and typically will); where exceptions occur, they MUST be rare and documented in the code at their locations, so that these exceptions can be reviewed and so that tools can automatically handle them in the future. Examples of such tools include ESLint (JavaScript), Rubocop (Ruby), and devtools check (R). Build systems for native binaries MUST honor the relevant compiler and linker (environment) variables passed in to them (e.g., CC, CFLAGS, CXX, CXXFLAGS, and LDFLAGS) and pass them to compiler and linker invocations. A build system MAY extend them with additional flags; it MUST NOT simply replace provided values with its own. If no native binaries are being generated, select "not applicable" (N/A). [build_standard_variables] It should be easy to enable special build features like Address Sanitizer (ASAN), or to comply with distribution hardening best practices (e.g., by easily turning on compiler flags to do so). The build and installation system SHOULD preserve debugging information if they are requested in the relevant flags (e.g., "install -s" is not used). If there is no build or installation system (e.g., typical JavaScript libraries), select "not applicable" (N/A). [build_preserve_debug] E.G., setting CFLAGS (C) or CXXFLAGS (C++) should create the relevant debugging information if those languages are used, and they should not be stripped during installation. Debugging information is needed for support and analysis, and also useful for measuring the presence of hardening features in the compiled binaries. The build system for the software produced by the project MUST NOT recursively build subdirectories if there are cross-dependencies in the subdirectories. If there is no build or installation system (e.g., typical JavaScript libraries), select "not applicable" (N/A). [build_non_recursive] The project build system's internal dependency information needs to be accurate, otherwise, changes to the project may not build correctly. Incorrect builds can lead to defects (including vulnerabilities). A common mistake in large build systems is to use a "recursive build" or "recursive make", that is, a hierarchy of subdirectories containing source files, where each subdirectory is independently built. Unless each subdirectory is fully independent, this is a mistake, because the dependency information is incorrect. The project MUST be able to repeat the process of generating information from source files and get exactly the same bit-for-bit result. If no building occurs (e.g., scripting languages where the source code is used directly instead of being compiled), select "not applicable" (N/A). [build_repeatable] GCC and clang users may find the -frandom-seed option useful; in some cases, this can be resolved by forcing some sort order. More suggestions can be found at the reproducible build site. Installation system The project MUST provide a way to easily install and uninstall the software produced by the project using a commonly-used convention. [installation_common] Examples include using a package manager (at the system or language level), "make install/uninstall" (supporting DESTDIR), a container in a standard format, or a virtual machine image in a standard format. The installation and uninstallation process (e.g., its packaging) MAY be implemented by a third party as long as it is FLOSS. The installation system for end-users MUST honor standard conventions for selecting the location where built artifacts are written to at installation time. For example, if it installs files on a POSIX system it MUST honor the DESTDIR environment variable. If there is no installation system or no standard convention, select "not applicable" (N/A). [installation_standard_variables] The project MUST provide a way for potential developers to quickly install all the project results and support environment necessary to make changes, including the tests and test environment. This MUST be performed with a commonly-used convention. [installation_development_quick] This MAY be implemented using a generated container and/or installation script(s). External dependencies would typically be installed by invoking system and/or language package manager(s), per external_dependencies. Externally-maintained components The project MUST list external dependencies in a computer-processable way. (URL required) [external_dependencies] Typically this is done using the conventions of package manager and/or build system. Note that this helps implement installation_development_quick. Projects MUST monitor or periodically check their external dependencies (including convenience copies) to detect known vulnerabilities, and fix exploitable vulnerabilities or verify them as unexploitable. [dependency_monitoring] This can be done using an origin analyzer / dependency checking tool / software composition analysis tool such as OWASP's Dependency-Check, Sonatype's Nexus Auditor, Synopsys' Black Duck Software Composition Analysis, and Bundler-audit (for Ruby). Some package managers include mechanisms to do this. It is acceptable if the components' vulnerability cannot be exploited, but this analysis is difficult and it is sometimes easier to simply update or fix the part. The project MUST either: make it easy to identify and update reused externally-maintained components; or use the standard components provided by the system or programming language. Then, if a vulnerability is found in a reused component, it will be easy to update that component. [updateable_reused_components] A typical way to meet this criterion is to use system and programming language package management systems. Many FLOSS programs are distributed with "convenience libraries" that are local copies of standard libraries (possibly forked). By itself, that's fine. However, if the program must use these local (forked) copies, then updating the "standard" libraries as a security update will leave these additional copies still vulnerable. This is especially an issue for cloud-based systems; if the cloud provider updates their "standard" libaries but the program won't use them, then the updates don't actually help. See, e.g., "Chromium: Why it isn't in Fedora yet as a proper package" by Tom Callaway. The project SHOULD avoid using deprecated or obsolete functions and APIs where FLOSS alternatives are available in the set of technology it uses (its "technology stack") and to a supermajority of the users the project supports (so that users have ready access to the alternative). [interfaces_current] An automated test suite MUST be applied on each check-in to a shared repository for at least one branch. This test suite MUST produce a report on test success or failure. [automated_integration_testing] This requirement can be viewed as a subset of test_continuous_integration, but focused on just testing, without requiring continuous integration. The project MUST add regression tests to an automated test suite for at least 50% of the bugs fixed within the last six months. [regression_tests_added50] The project MUST have FLOSS automated test suite(s) that provide at least 80% statement coverage if there is at least one FLOSS tool that can measure this criterion in the selected language. [test_statement_coverage80] Many FLOSS tools are available to measure test coverage, including gcov/lcov, Blanket.js, Istanbul, JCov, and covr (R). Note that meeting this criterion is not a guarantee that the test suite is thorough, instead, failing to meet this criterion is a strong indicator of a poor test suite. The project MUST have a formal written policy that as major new functionality is added, tests for the new functionality MUST be added to an automated test suite. [test_policy_mandated] The project MUST include, in its documented instructions for change proposals, the policy that tests are to be added for major new functionality. [tests_documented_added] Projects MUST be maximally strict with warnings in the software produced by the project, where practical. [warnings_strict] Seguridad 0/13 ● The project MUST implement secure design principles (from "know_secure_design"), where applicable. If the project is not producing software, select "not applicable" (N/A). [implement_secure_design] For example, the project results should have fail-safe defaults (access decisions should deny by default, and projects' installation should be secure by default). They should also have complete mediation (every access that might be limited must be checked for authority and be non-bypassable). Note that in some cases principles will conflict, in which case a choice must be made (e.g., many mechanisms can make things more complex, contravening "economy of mechanism" / keep it simple). The default security mechanisms within the software produced by the project MUST NOT depend on cryptographic algorithms or modes with known serious weaknesses (e.g., the SHA-1 cryptographic hash algorithm or the CBC mode in SSH). [crypto_weaknesses] The project SHOULD support multiple cryptographic algorithms, so users can quickly switch if one is broken. Common symmetric key algorithms include AES, Twofish, and Serpent. Common cryptographic hash algorithm alternatives include SHA-2 (including SHA-224, SHA-256, SHA-384 AND SHA-512) and SHA-3. [crypto_algorithm_agility] The project MUST support storing authentication credentials (such as passwords and dynamic tokens) and private cryptographic keys in files that are separate from other information (such as configuration files, databases, and logs), and permit users to update and replace them without code recompilation. If the project never processes authentication credentials and private cryptographic keys, select "not applicable" (N/A). [crypto_credential_agility] The software produced by the project SHOULD support secure protocols for all of its network communications, such as SSHv2 or later, TLS1.2 or later (HTTPS), IPsec, SFTP, and SNMPv3. Insecure protocols such as FTP, HTTP, telnet, SSLv3 or earlier, and SSHv1 SHOULD be disabled by default, and only enabled if the user specifically configures it. If the software produced by the project does not support network communications, select "not applicable" (N/A). [crypto_used_network] The software produced by the project SHOULD, if it supports or uses TLS, support at least TLS version 1.2. Note that the predecessor of TLS was called SSL. If the software does not use TLS, select "not applicable" (N/A). [crypto_tls12] The software produced by the project MUST, if it supports TLS, perform TLS certificate verification by default when using TLS, including on subresources. If the software does not use TLS, select "not applicable" (N/A). [crypto_certificate_verification] Note that incorrect TLS certificate verification is a common mistake. For more information, see "The Most Dangerous Code in the World: Validating SSL Certificates in Non-Browser Software" by Martin Georgiev et al. and "Do you trust this application?" by Michael Catanzaro. The software produced by the project MUST, if it supports TLS, perform certificate verification before sending HTTP headers with private information (such as secure cookies). If the software does not use TLS, select "not applicable" (N/A). [crypto_verification_private] Secure release The project MUST cryptographically sign releases of the project results intended for widespread use, and there MUST be a documented process explaining to users how they can obtain the public signing keys and verify the signature(s). The private key for these signature(s) MUST NOT be on site(s) used to directly distribute the software to the public. If releases are not intended for widespread use, select "not applicable" (N/A). [signed_releases] The project results include both source code and any generated deliverables where applicable (e.g., executables, packages, and containers). Generated deliverables MAY be signed separately from source code. These MAY be implemented as signed git tags (using cryptographic digital signatures). Projects MAY provide generated results separately from tools like git, but in those cases, the separate results MUST be separately signed. It is SUGGESTED that in the version control system, each important version tag (a tag that is part of a major release, minor release, or fixes publicly noted vulnerabilities) be cryptographically signed and verifiable as described in signed_releases. [version_tags_signed] The project results MUST check all inputs from potentially untrusted sources to ensure they are valid (a whitelist), and reject invalid inputs, if there are any restrictions on the data at all. [input_validation] Note that comparing input against a list of "bad formats" (aka a blacklist) is normally not enough, because attackers can often work around a blacklist. In particular, numbers are converted into internal formats and then checked if they are between their minimum and maximum (inclusive), and text strings are checked to ensure that they are valid text patterns (e.g., valid UTF-8, length, syntax, etc.). Some data may need to be "anything at all" (e.g., a file uploader), but these would typically be rare. Hardening mechanisms SHOULD be used in the software produced by the project so that software defects are less likely to result in security vulnerabilities. [hardening] Hardening mechanisms may include HTTP headers like Content Security Policy (CSP), compiler flags to mitigate attacks (such as -fstack-protector), or compiler flags to eliminate undefined behavior. For our purposes least privilege is not considered a hardening mechanism (least privilege is important, but separate). The project MUST provide an assurance case that justifies why its security requirements are met. The assurance case MUST include: a description of the threat model, clear identification of trust boundaries, an argument that secure design principles have been applied, and an argument that common implementation security weaknesses have been countered. (URL required) [assurance_case] An assurance case is "a documented body of evidence that provides a convincing and valid argument that a specified set of critical claims regarding a system’s properties are adequately justified for a given application in a given environment" ("Software Assurance Using Structured Assurance Case Models", Thomas Rhodes et al, NIST Interagency Report 7608). Trust boundaries are boundaries where data or execution changes its level of trust, e.g., a server's boundaries in a typical web application. It's common to list secure design principles (such as Saltzer and Schroeer) and common implementation security weaknesses (such as the OWASP top 10 or CWE/SANS top 25), and show how each are countered. The BadgeApp assurance case may be a useful example. This is related to documentation_security, documentation_architecture, and implement_secure_design. The project MUST use at least one static analysis tool with rules or approaches to look for common vulnerabilities in the analyzed language or environment, if there is at least one FLOSS tool that can implement this criterion in the selected language. [static_analysis_common_vulnerabilities] If the software produced by the project includes software written using a memory-unsafe language (e.g., C or C++), then at least one dynamic tool (e.g., a fuzzer or web application scanner) MUST be routinely used in combination with a mechanism to detect memory safety problems such as buffer overwrites. If the project does not produce software written in a memory-unsafe language, choose "not applicable" (N/A). [dynamic_analysis_unsafe] This data is available under the Creative Commons Attribution version 3.0 license (CC-BY-3.0) per the Core Infrastructure Initiative terms of use. All are free to share and adapt the data, but must give appropriate credit. Please credit Sytse Sijbrandij and the CII Best Practices badge contributors. Project badge entry owned by: Sytse Sijbrandij. Entry created on 2015-12-08 22:53:25 UTC, last updated on 2016-07-17 03:32:22 UTC. Last achieved passing badge on 2016-01-30 22:49:00 UTC.	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0125.json.gz/line937
__label__wiki	0.742651	0.742651	By Humayun Khan Launches March 14, 2013 Kincast Looks to Tackle Social Video Space With a Focus on Families Mobile video apps like Keek and Vine have made headlines for their simple focus on capturing and sharing mobile videos, with everyone trying to pinpoint which app will be the “Instagram for video.” Kincast, one the latest entrants in the social video space, aims to provide a new way for families to share moments with each other through its iPhone and web apps, taking a similar approach to family-focused social networks Origami and FamilyLeaf, but focusing exclusively on video. The startup launched in December 2012, and while in beta prior to its public launch it racked up 20,000 users. The design and development of its products were done through a partnership with Indiana-based startup accelerator SproutBox, which also invested $250,000 in Kincast. “What we’re trying to do with Kincast is frankly be the best way to share kids’ videos with the grandparents, that’s the simplest use case to think of, while being focused on mobile,” said co-founder Raul Mujica in an interview with BetaKit. “It really came out of our own personal frustrations with ‘too long to email’ or ‘too long to text’ warnings or roadblocks while emailing video over the phone, because the files were really large.” Looking to target parents and families who prefer not to upload their videos to YouTube or Facebook, the default setting of Kincast is private. Users are able to select contacts from their phones and create groups for instant sharing both in-app and via a URL sent over email or text. It also has private video messaging and text chat functionality, in addition to the ability to create video greeting cards for events and holidays. Mujica said about 70 percent of users are using the service to share videos between family, while the second most common use case is sharing among college friends. Though there’s no shortage of options available when it comes to the social video space with everything from Klip, which also has private video messaging functionality, Streamweaver, which is spearheading the social video creation trend, and Vine, Kincast looks to differentiate in a few ways. To begin with, recipients of videos shared through Kincast don’t have to set up an account and can chat, view videos, and engage with those using the app, something specifically made with grandparents in mind (though most video apps let users watch videos without having an account). The other factor Mujica highlighted was that users don’t have to put a time limit on their videos, like Keek’s 36-second time limit, with built-in cloud storage so that neither the creator or person receiving the video has to store the video on their device. With that, Kincast specifically looks to cater to parents who film their children’s recitals or concerts through their smartphone. The service is free for up to 30 minutes of cloud storage and then $2 per month for up to 3 hours, and $5 per month for unlimited storage plus additional premium features. Mujica said they are seeing strong conversions from free to paid accounts, though he wouldn’t divulge any specifics. The company is currently busy working on a tablet offering geared specifically towards grandparents to make engagement and viewing the videos as easy as possible. Currently available for iPhone and web, Kincast will also look to make the jump to Android, although videos shared through its service are accessible on any device. With more than a handful of startups in the space, each with their own take on social video and family social networks, Kincast’s laser focus on families may prove to help the startup capture a niche piece of the market. But just how big that market is, and how much of it they can attract when there are a variety of other private sharing apps, remains to be seen. kincastklipMagistosocial videosproutboxstreamweaver GetGoing Launches "Pick Two, Get One" Flight Platform for Flexible Travelers Larky Launches to Help Association or Club Members Redeem Their Perks Startup jobs of the week: RED Academy, RevIQ, Ayogo Health, BlockThrough, Rooof, Retreaver Every day, Canada’s best startups post their latest and greatest job opportunities on the BetaKit Job Board. From early stage to series A and…	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0125.json.gz/line940
__label__wiki	0.879141	0.879141	Feature \| Ground Transport 18 Apr 2017 11:40 am \| Dave Richardson \| 0 Comments Recent UK rail problems bring into focus how the sector is competing with air for domestic business travel STRIKES, DELAYS, FARE INCREASES AND STALLED INFRASTRUCTURE UPGRADES undermined the image of rail travel over this winter, and on routes where airlines do compete there are signs of renewed competition. Could many business travellers switch back to air or get back in their cars, despite the carbon saving agenda? It’s a very real possibility on some routes, while train operating companies promise ‘jam tomorrow’. But there is real substance in their promises on two major business routes, as Great Western services from London to the West Country and South Wales are being electrified, and new trains are also introduced on the East Coast route from London to Leeds, Newcastle and Scotland. Evolvi’s business continues to grow. In 2016, the online booking platform saw an increase in transactions to just under 8.2m from over 7.8m in 2015, while average ticket values reduced from £58.87 to £57.20, proving that you can beat fares increases by advance purchasing. Although airlines compete with rail on shorter routes, such as Manchester and Leeds/Bradford to London, they appeal mainly to interline passengers. The main battleground is on longer routes including Edinburgh, Glasgow and Newcastle to London, and here there are interesting developments. Flybe starts flying Edinburgh-Heathrow from March 26, and a key factor in this is Heathrow’s decision to cut landing charges for domestic passengers by £10 to £19.10 a head. Although frequency and flying time are inferior to British Airways, at least it’s competition for the first time since the Virgin Little Red service ended. Flybe will also serve Aberdeen from Heathrow, but rail can’t compete over that distance. LONG DISTANCE COMPETITION Despite this, Virgin Trains East Coast is targeting a 50 per cent share of Edinburgh- London traffic (measured against airlines) by 2023. Civil Aviation Authority figures indicate that rail currently has about 25 per cent of passengers (business and leisure) between the two capitals and over 20 per cent of the smaller Glasgow and Newcastle markets, whereas on Manchester-London it has 90 per cent. The key to Virgin’s optimism is a fleet of new Azuma trains starting delivery in December 2018, which will mean a reduction of around half an hour to four hours for the fastest Edinburgh-London services, operating every hour. Rail passengers between the two cities increased by 8.2 per cent from January- September 2016, following introduction of a 30-minute frequency for much of the day. David Horne, Virgin Trains’ managing director on the east coast route, says: “The improvements we’ve made have been popular with customers, who are voting with their feet. That’s good news for passengers, good news for the environment and good for the long-term growth of rail between Scotland and England.” A four-hour journey time from city-centre to city-centre is bound to attract more business travellers, especially if wifi is reliable and they have space to work. The same type of new trains, built in the UK by Hitachi, will start on Great Western routes this year, where there is no air competition unless you consider Newquay-London. But here the news isn’t so good, with indefinite delays in completing electrification to Bristol and Oxford, meaning the new bi-mode trains will run on diesel power at a slower speed for some of their journeys. IMPROVEMENTS NEEDED NOW But whatever the future promises, are improvements needed now to the tarnished image of business travel by rail? Many commentators believe so, with mobile ticketing and more reliable wifiWireless free internet access/mobile networks being top of the wish list. HRG managing director for Europe, Ian Windsor, says: “Our UK rail business is ticking over nicely, but the misery on some commuter routes has to affect its image , especially if your own staff are involved. Any improvement in the frequency of domestic air routes or lowering of fares is bound to attract some rail passengers. Time is of the essence, no two ways about it. But a four-hour journey time from London to Edinburgh makes rail a viable option. “Improvements to the rail infrastructure can’t come soon enough, because we need to catch up on the under-achievement of the last 20 years. Major projects such as Crossrail in London won’t change everything suddenly, and people want improvements tomorrow.” Windsor feels the carbon saving agenda has reached a plateau, adding: “As a plc we have to report on carbon savings annually, but this is not key for many companies. It’s not as high up the agenda as it used to be.” Andrew Dalton, global programme manager at Carlson Wagonlit Travel, adds: “We are now seeing the benefits of much-needed rail infrastructure improvements like Crossrail and the Northern Hub electrification programme, but equally as important is the experience on the day. Being able to arrive at the station, see the service is on time, a seat is available, and onboard facilities working are all important factors. “We all expect connectivity, with many city centres now having free wifiWireless free internet access and a growing number of airports allowing travellers to stay connected on the move. Unfortunately, our rail network still lags behind both onboard and in stations.” GOVERNMENT INVESTMENT PWC travel buyer Will Hasler is chairman of the ITM Industry Affairs Group. He says: “Domestic air capacity isn’t increasing as Flybe has taken the old Virgin Little Red slots to Heathrow, but it is imperative that wifiWireless free internet access, catering and the opportunity to work, is enhancing productivity levels across the total journey time. “The arrival of the next generation of rolling stock – together with infrastructure investment – will go some way to meeting the needs of consumers. Business travellers accept that things can go wrong operationally on a busy rail network, but what’s needed when they do is good communication.” Improvements to mobile phone ticketing are also keenly awaited. NEED FOR MORE COMPETITION The GTMC continues to lobby for more competition by open-access train operators, currently limited to Grand Central and Hull Trains on the East Coast route. GTMCGuild of Travel Management Companies - now the Business Travel Association, the major UK-based association representing TMCs chief executive Paul Wait says: “Because there is little open access and therefore limited competition on the rail network, it is difficult for rail travellers to vote with their feet. From our own research we know that business travellers’ main criteria focus is on cost, connectivity and the ability to be productive – it is these three areas that require focus, investment and improvement. “Inter-city journeys have competed alongside domestic air routes for some time and tend to serve different customer requirements,” he says. “For rail operators to compete effectively against reduced air fares on domestic routes from Heathrow, due diligence must be paid to an increase in connectivity and the UK rail network infrastructure. Any increases in connectivity should have a strategic focus on poorly served destinations.” One of very few routes where there is genuine rail competition is between Birmingham and London, although Virgin Trains and Chiltern use different routes and different stations in each city. Phil Youster is travel manager of legal firm Gowling WLG, which is a major user of these routes. He says his travellers favour Chiltern’s Business Zone – available at a much lower price than Virgin first class. But he adds: “We could switch quite a lot more business to Chiltern if Business Zone trains had more frequency. It’s a pleasanter way to travel even if the journey is a little longer, and wifiWireless free internet access is superior to Virgin’s. “The biggest problem on the rail network is getting information when something goes wrong. Time is very pressing for our lawyers, so they are looking forward to faster journey times with HS2High Speed 2: A proposed high-speed railway line linking London with the Midlands, the North of England and eventually the central belt of Scotland. It is being developed by High Speed Two Ltd, a comp..., but I dread to think how high fares will be and what kind of service will run along existing routes Edinburgh-London: air or rail? MOST TRAINS TAKE AT LEAST 4 HOURS 30 MINUTES on this route, meaning air travel is faster even allowing for the loss in productivity with a disjointed journey to, through and from the airports. But a four-hour rail journey will operate hourly starting in December 2018. Rail fares may have to come down to be competitive, however, as this snapshot shows. We researched rail and air fares at the end of January, for travel two weeks later, outbound from Edinburgh on a Monday morning arriving by 1100, departing on a Wednesday afternoon before 1800. VIRGIN TRAINS EAST COAST There was good availability of advance standard class fares for £136 return, or £123 returning at 1800. The flexible return fare of £221.50 was not available for return travel until 1800. First class advance fares started from lower than this – £201 – but the fully flexible first class return fare was £372. A Scottish Executive package is available at £229 return, with complimentary upgrade to first class ‘subject to availability’, but this is not shown on the normal fares search. Heathrow: From £199 return. Gatwick: From £97 return. London City: From £144 return. (All fares are basic, non-flexible with no checked luggage). London City: From £249.98 return. (The Heathrow route starts on March 26). Gatwick: From £58.98 return. Luton: From £55.98 return. Stansted: From £52.98 return. EUROSTAR HAS YET TO CONFIRM A START DATE for direct services from London St Pancras to Amsterdam, but this is expected to be by the end of this year. A journey time of under four hours is promised with stops in Brussels, Antwerp, Rotterdam and Schiphol airport. Services will be operated by a new fleet of e320 trains, 320km/ph (200mph) being their top speed. The new trains are already operating most services on the London- Paris route and come equipped with wifiWireless free internet access, which was not offered on the e300 trains first introduced in 1994. Two refurbished e300 trains with wifiWireless free internet access are now in service, but roll-out has been slow. Amsterdam will give Eurostar a much needed boost after falling passenger numbers and revenues, blamed on uncertainty following terrorist attacks in Europe. Passenger numbers in the third quarter of 2016 were down 10 per cent year-on-year to 2.6m, with sales revenues down 8 per cent to £184m. The London-Amsterdam air market carries three million passengers a year, and HRG’s Ian Windsor expects Eurostar to do well. “Eurostar has struggled due to the lack of wifiWireless free internet access, but if you can spend four hours on the train working and travel between city centres then that will attract business travellers,” he says. “In Europe, trains are integrated more into people’s day-to-day lives than over here. No-one would dream about driving from Antwerp to Brussels, for example.” Dave Richardson Dave has been a journalist for more than 40 years, mainly as a freelance writer specialising in travel and tourism. He also has a keen interest in the rail industry. In 2016 he published his book Let’s Go – a History of Package Holidays and Escorted Tours. Legal: Points are now political Global Insights: India in motion Evolvi Hogg Robinson Group (HRG) Virgin Trains West Coast	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0125.json.gz/line944
__label__cc	0.641543	0.358457	News \| Air Travel Is this the ‘coolest’ plane ever? 24 May 2017 1:05 pm \| Buying Business Travel \| 0 Comments Icelandair has unveiled a newly designed aircraft with ice cave-like interior and special livery inspired by Europe’s largest glacier. The new aircraft is part of the airline’s transatlantic fleet providing passengers with an “experience” of the Vatnajökull ice cap. All Icelandair planes are named after Icelandic volcanoes and this special livery joins the Hekla Aurora, created in 2015 and inspired by the northern lights, as the second hand crafted piece of artwork to adorn one of their fleet. icelandair-lights.jpg icelandair-resize-1.jpg Icelandair commissioned this plane as part of their celebrations for their 80th anniversary this year. The plane is being spray painted by hand, that will take 24 days to complete using 195 litres of paint. It takes 1062 litres to cover the entire plane, which is over 200 domestic size tins. The new Vatnajökull plane also features LED blue lighting in the main cabin, the headrests will have an ice white and turquoise design and the drinks trolley will be “transformed into a mini ice cave”. The Vatnajökull glacier is the most active in Iceland with around 60 eruptions over the last 800 years, not surprising seeing as it has three active volcanoes beneath its surface: Öræfajökull, Báròarbunga and Grímsvötn. It covers an area of 8100-8300 sq km, 8% of the country’s land mass and is considered to be one of the seven natural wonders of Europe. Sign up to BBT’s twice-weekly newsletter Buying Business Travel Icelandair takes delivery of first 737 Max Icelandair announces Rentalcars Connect partnership Potential Wow Air buyer backs out of deal	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0125.json.gz/line945
__label__cc	0.6178	0.3822	Here they come, walking down State Street. Photo from The Monkees Tour Facebook page. Note: This Slumgullion is meant for tomorrow, Friday, November 16th. I’m just posting it a little early this week. First of all, a warm welcome to The Monkees, who are in town tonight for a sold-out show at the Chicago Theatre. The night before Thanksgiving is traditionally a time to go out and party. Here are a couple options for fun next Wednesday, November 21st: American English will cover all phases of The Beatles’ era at the Abbey Pub. Tickets are $10 in advance, $12 at the door. Singer-guitarist Phil Angotti will serve up a cornucopia of original tunes and covers (including some Beatles) when he plays the Haymarket Brewery. WXRT did an hour-by-hour unveiling of the tracks on Live From The Archives Volume 14 as part of its “New Releases Thursday.” The series features exclusive performances from concerts sponsored by the FM station, or in its studio that have aired over the years. The artists include Wilco, Arcade Fire, Garbage, Head And The Heart, and The Shins. Once again, sales of the CD will help fund the Rock For Kids organization, which seeks to provide music lessons for public school children. SOPRO is holding its 30th Annual Thanksgiving Blues Revue at Sullivans Irish Pub And Eatery in Midlothian, IL next Saturday night, November 24th. Several musicians will be taking part, including Joey Drada, Frank Anastos, and Billy King on guitars and vocals; John Falstrom on bass; Scott Bonshire on drums; Greg Wolfman on keyboards; and Doug Lee on harmonica and vocals. The post-turkey bash will also feature vocalists Deb Seitz and Francine Marie, and the acclaimed jazz quartet, The Chicago Fire Horns. Showtime is 9:00 PM; there’s no mention of an admission price in the press material. Bryn Packard, a funny and talented actor who used to perform in my old comedy group, Famous In The Future, has a major role in the world premiere of Matthew Paul Olmos’s drama, I Put The Fear Of Mexico In ‘em, which is currently being staged by Teatro Vista at New Dramatists through December 9th. The play, directed by Ricardo Gutierrez and also starring Cheryl Graeff, Miguel Nunez, Charin Alvarez, and Cruz Gonzalez-Cadel, explores the strained relations between Americans and Mexicans. The video for “Don’t You Think?,” bodes well for Looking At The Stars, the third LP by psychedelic/power pop band Anderson Council. The Lost At E Minor online newsletter consistently finds intriguing artists, and the November 14th edition spotlighted Chris Thornley. The Manchester, England based illustrator creates fake book covers based on lyricss by The Smiths. Thornley’s Raid71 site offers more examples of his eye-catching work. CD Review: Okay Paddy - The Cactus Has A Point CD Review: JIP - Sparks Flames And Names He’s Never Too Heavy CD Review: Garrison Starr - The Sound Of You And M... Third Annual Holiday Shopping Guide The Undiminished Shoes - Part Three The Undiminished Shoes - Part Two The Undiminished Shoes - Part One CD Review: Surrendur Dorothi - Spit Really Rockin’ In Boston Doing Your Bid For A Good Cause CD Review: Crushed Out - Want To Give Demo-Listen Derby and A Care-aoke Calvalcade CD Review: Tiger Trap - Self-titled CD Review: The Coal Porters - Find The One CD Review: Braam Brothers - Hail Violet CD Review: Imelda May - More Mayhem	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0125.json.gz/line949
__label__wiki	0.606952	0.606952	DEC 19-JAN 20 ArTonic Patricia Milder PATRICIA MILDER is an art and performance writer based in Brooklyn. She was a former Managing Art Editor at the Brooklyn Rail. CHRISTOPHER KNIGHT with Patricia Milder On a recent trip to Los Angeles, Rail Managing Art Editor Patricia Milder met longtime Los Angeles Times art critic Christopher Knight for a late-November outdoor lunch on Ventura Boulevard, over which they discussed his life and work. BONNIE MARRANCA with Patricia Milder On the occasion of the 100th issue of PAJ: A Journal of Performance and Art, Bonnie Marranca, editor and publisher, and author of three collections of essays, met Rail Managing Art Editor Patricia Milder to discuss the journal, as well as her life and work By Patricia Milder In the viewing room where Rashaad Newsome’s video plays, a couple of women in their seventies sat and discussed which of his vogue dancer’s poses were similar to the positions they took in their yoga class. SI YEON KIM Barricade Seoul-based artist Si Yeon Kim places everyday objects into symbolic arrangements so that they become personally poignant melodramas with heavy cultural connotations. Staging Action: Performance in Photography Since 1960 at the Museum of Modern Art, which features still images of artists performing specifically for the camera, proffers a conservative position with regard to categories of photographic performance documents, which have traditionally been seen as either “documentary” (records of live actions and events) or “theatrical” (performed for the camera). SPECIALIZED VISION Curating Grace Exhibition Space What is the difference between performance art, contemporary dance performance, and experimental theater? Ask that question to twenty people and you’ll get twenty different answers, though in general there is a split between people who think these kinds of differentiations are vital and useful, and those who find them limiting or beside the point. Cover Me with Turtles (after Amy Cutler*) Fall into the cracks / Where elephant trunks are useful. / Where patterns open at the seams, / Revealing nakedness. Raphael Rubinstein on Art's Past and the Future of Publishing In his review of The Last Newspaper, Holland Cotter walked off with these lines: “But a genuinely ‘last newspaper’ is still nowhere in sight. And you read that here.” Yeah, I thought as I read it, here on nytimes.com. CHARLES ATLAS Joints Array What’s in an elbow? The way it moves; the stretching of flesh over bones, then its gathering in tight wrinkles mid-limb. A knee: that complex, delicate system of ligaments that makes walking, running, dancing possible. But these images are non-specific—what of your own elbow? Your sister’s knee? Have you ever really looked at the wrist of someone you admire? Walking the Elastic City Becoming suddenly conscious of time and place can inspire melancholy. The experience can also be pleasing, or beautiful; Todd Shalom calls this “heightened awareness.” He says he felt it most profoundly when he was traveling, living for long stretches in Israel and Argentina. PENELOPE UMBRICO As Is It would be easy to dismiss the overly explicit art historical references in Penelope Umbrico’s work as defensive; the actual material is composed of images pulled from Craigslist and eBay, so intellectual weight needs to come from somewhere, right? But that would be a knee-jerk reaction to press release language—“Judd-like” for example—that’s no worse than average. WORK OF ART TALK Critics on Bad TV My father is a painter. When I called him, in a craze after obsessively watching nearly the whole season of Bravo’s Work of Art in one sitting, he told me that being a chef is about keeping a kitchen clean and consistently putting out a solid product day in and day out. THE PERFECT OBJECT: Circulating the Fine Art Adoption Network Art objects have long been the centerpiece of many a tale of intrigue. There are innumerable stories replete with counterfeiting, stealing, high stakes trading, and political maneuvering à la the Barnes Collection, any one of which could (if it hasn’t already) be made into a fast-paced Hollywood blockbuster. JAMES FRANCO Collage When casually recounting—in person, to friends—stories about this or that performance last night, I have often been teased about my proclivity for starting with the less immediately relevant details about who was there, how many, which audience members left halfway through, and whether someone looked back to tell me to please stop talking so they could more fully enjoy David Parsons. Father Figure: Hasselhoff and America in David Neumann's BIG EATER Watching Big Eater is an immersive experience, although sometimes spoofs on an academic panel discussion emphasize the gulf between audience and performer. JEREMY WADE AND PETE DRUNGLE COLLABORATE, SEEK THE SUBLIME AT ABRONS ARTS CENTER “I know New Yorkers hate audience interaction,” Jeremy Wade said half apologetically to his small audience before instructing us to get up out of our chairs and engage in a bit of partner-focused aura cleansing. THE CHOREOGRAPHER IS PRESENT: TRISHA BROWN AT DIA:BEACON Both performances were supposed to be the same. They were scheduled to take place a little over an hour away from the city in Beacon, and we definitely missed the 1pm showing. No matter. TOO MUCH LEWIS Strange Action, Isabel Lewis’s first solo work, is an intentionally uneven, highly personal examination of the act of performing. The emphasis is on “process,” a choice buzzword for institutionalized performance. How, then, can a show riding on this thoroughly worn out idea, distinguish itself? Hint: the answer doesn’t lie in layered, meaning-seeking, pop-cultural references. Mount Tremper Arts, A Patchwork Impression Whatever broad definition one can generally make for “critical distance” these days, I know I didn’t have it during the month and a half I was living at Mount Tremper Arts. A Full Moon to Mark the End: PINA BAUSCH Lush and lovely, with an expensive, over-the-top interactive set and all the long hair, high heels, and ill-fitting, floor-length gowns a person can take, Vollmond is everything we’ve come to expect from the late Pina Bausch. Existence and the Body, Three Ways In a given week in this city, obligation and desire conflict, depression or love or weather get in the way of staying true to a schedule, work comes and goes, and every once in a while, you hit an existential wall. What are you doing this weekend? Cori Olinghouse of Ninja Cori Olinghouse is among a number of artists who appropriate existing underground forms in their contemporary art and performance works. A Soft Space, Label Free How easily a display of difference can fall into becoming—or at least appearing—exploitative at one extreme, and didactic at the other. The space in between those equally dangerous poles, though, holds great promise; one fulfilled by the tender, quietly physical depictions of self and other by Raimund Hoghe and Faustin Linyekula. Light and Movement in a Bushwick Loft It is possible for site specificity to take over a performance to such an extent that an awareness of place becomes, in a sense, the subject of the work itself. There was no denying the Bushwick-ness of Anna Sperber’s Naomi, performed the evenings of September 9 – 11. Keeping it Realness Keith Hennessy’s Crotch (all the Joseph Beuys references in the world cannot heal the pain, confusion, regret, cruelty, betrayal or trauma…) was a high point of American Realness, Benjamin Pryor’s second annual festival of contemporary performance, which spanned the second weekend in January at the Abrons Arts Center. What to Throw Away, What to Keep He framed his interest in this song by explaining that Kenny Rogers was a fat American singer, which he segued into by bringing up Mariah Carey, who he also said was a fat American singer. Increasingly More Movements For L. I understand why the person next to me drooled all over his shirt, nodding off like so many in the audience. More Mouvements für Lachenmann wasn’t exactly entertaining. It required a certain amount of austerity on the part of the viewer—while prompting a few embarrassing attempts at physical showmanship by its performers. 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__label__cc	0.565091	0.434909	The Vamps – ‘Last Night’ The Vamps made up of Brad, James, Connor and Tristan are the ones to watch out for this year! They are rapidly becoming the next big British (boy)band with their legion of loyal teenage fans supporting them endlessly. They have created quite a stir in the UK and America and were recently crowned MTV’s Brand New for 2014 winners. After their success with ‘Can We Dance’ and ‘Wild Heart’ charting in the top ten of the UK single charts, The Vamps are back with ‘Last Night’ which was released…last night (What a coincidence). Last Night is one of those immediately catchy songs which has you singing … and if you’re like us dancing around your room and mumbling the lyrics for hours afterwards. The instant ‘oh, oh, oh’s’ put you in a great, feel good mood and Brad’s cheery up beat vocals leave you wanting to listen over and over again. “Wake up in the morning with the sunlight in my eyes, no my head don’t feel so bright, what the hell happened last night” sets up a light hearted and care free party vibe and teamed with the video, leaves fans wanting a night out with The Vamps. Fans of the quartet were also ecstatic over the addition of vocals from Bassist, Connor – although his vocals are difficult to tell apart from lead-singer Brad. Whether you are a fan of The Vamps or not, Last Night is just one of those songs you will instantly be singing along to. Follow The Vamps: @TheVampsband -Brumotions does not own the rights to these pictures- Pingback: Birmingham Fusion Fest continues to impress! \| Brumotions Pingback: The Vamps – ‘Last Night’ \| Megan Lane Pingback: Capital Exposed The Vamps \| Brumotions Band, Bass, Brad, Connor, Drums, Guitar, Instruments, James, Last, Last Night, LastNight, Music, Night, Review, Single, Single Review, The, the vamps, TheVamps, Tristan, vamps, Vocals Introducing Kingsland Road… Shift K3Y – ‘Touch’	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0125.json.gz/line952
__label__wiki	0.990315	0.990315	Top MBA Colleges in Pune accepting GMAT score in 2018 Each year Careers360 ranks and rates the Top MBA Colleges in Pune accepting GMAT score. The ranking is based on factors like quality of students, research output, industry interface, publications, academic productivity and so on. Read more here - Ranking Methodology. State <a href="javascript:void(0);">Maharashtra (8)</a> Ownership <a href="https://bschool.careers360.com/colleges/ranking/2018/top-private-mba-colleges-in-pune-accepting-gmat-score">Private (8)</a> Exam <a href="https://bschool.careers360.com/colleges/ranking/2018/top-mba-colleges-in-pune-accepting-cat-score">CAT (48)</a> <a href="https://bschool.careers360.com/colleges/ranking/2018/top-mba-colleges-in-pune-accepting-cmat-score">CMAT (40)</a> <a href="https://bschool.careers360.com/colleges/ranking/2018/top-mba-colleges-in-pune-accepting-mat-score">MAT (39)</a> <a href="https://bschool.careers360.com/colleges/ranking/2018/top-mba-colleges-in-pune-accepting-xat-score">XAT (35)</a> <a href="https://bschool.careers360.com/colleges/ranking/2018/top-mba-colleges-in-pune-accepting-gmat-score">GMAT (20)</a> <a href="https://bschool.careers360.com/colleges/ranking/2018/top-mba-colleges-in-pune-accepting-mahacet-score">MAHACET (19)</a> <a href="https://bschool.careers360.com/colleges/ranking/2018/top-mba-colleges-in-pune-accepting-atma-score">ATMA (18)</a> <a href="javascript:void(0);">NMAT by GMAC (7)</a> <a href="javascript:void(0);">KMAT (5)</a> <a href="javascript:void(0);">IBSAT (5)</a> <a href="https://bschool.careers360.com/colleges/ranking/2018/top-mba-colleges-in-pune-accepting-snap-score">SNAP (5)</a> <a href="https://bschool.careers360.com/colleges/ranking/2018/top-mba-colleges-in-pune-accepting-b-mat-score">B-MAT (1)</a> <a href="https://bschool.careers360.com/colleges/ranking/2018/top-mba-colleges-in-pune-accepting-bvp-cet-score">BVP CET (1)</a> <a href="javascript:void(0);">TANCET (1)</a> <a href="javascript:void(0);">TSICET (1)</a> <a href="javascript:void(0);">JEMAT (1)</a> Pune GMAT National Insurance Academy, Pune Global Business School and Research Centre, Pune Institute of Management Education Research and Training, Pune MIT School of Management, Pune MIT School of Technology Management, Pune Sinhgad Institute of Business Administration and Research, Pune Sinhgad Institute of Management, Pune Suryadatta Institute of Management and Mass Communication, Pune	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0125.json.gz/line953
__label__cc	0.704153	0.295847	« Puff Daddy ft RUN DMC, Mase, Salt & Pepa, Onyx and Keith Murray: Santa Baby Remix racist » Mon Dec 21st 2009 by abagond The simple answer, of course, is that no one in Ancient Egypt was black: “black” is an American social construct, something made up to make men into slaves, even those who are mostly European by blood. The less-simple answer is to apply American ideas of race to ancient Egypt, something that people have been doing since the early 1800s. Motives: Since American society is built on the idea that whites are naturally better than blacks, whites have reason to downplay the blackness of ancient Egypt while blacks have reason to play it up – because civilization in America goes all the way back to Egypt by way of the English, Romans and Greeks. If it turned out to be founded by black people, what would that say? What they said in ancient times: Herodotus said Egyptians had black skin and woolly hair, which is how he said the Ethiopians looked too. Aristotle called both the Ethiopians and Egyptians black. The Bible calls both the Ethiopians and Egyptians sons of Ham. The Egyptians saw themselves as belonging to their own race, different from blacks to the south – but also different from all their other neighbours. On the other hand: They called themselves kemet – “black”, though some say it just means they are from the land of black soil (the Nile). They said they came from the land of Punt – a place they drew as having elephants and giraffes. By the way, American slaveowners also saw blacks as the sons of Ham. That allowed them to use the Curse of Ham from the Bible to excuse their racism. What the DNA says: Present-day Egyptians are, by blood, about 60% Eurasian, like the Arabs who took over their country, and 40% black African. In the past they were, if anything, blacker because since the glory days of Ancient Egypt they have been taken over by the Persians, Greeks, Romans and Arabs. But even at 40% black they easily count as black according to America’s One Drop Rule, which sees even a drop of black African blood (in practice, about 10% or more) as enough to make you black. What their language shows: These days Egyptians speak Arabic, but in ancient times they spoke Egyptian, the stuff they wrote in hieroglyphics. That language came to Egypt from Ethiopia about 12,000 years ago. Of course, the language could have been brought to Egypt by some forgotten war, but it seems it came from settlers: one study shows the maternal blood line of Egyptians also goes back to Ethiopia. Reconstructions: Using high-powered computers, experts can now get a rough idea of how someone looked from their skull. They make a living at it by doing it for the police for murder cases. When the same thing is done to the skulls of King Tut and a mummy some believe is Queen Nefertiti, here is what you get (click on the pictures to find out more about them): Was Cleopatra black? One Drop Rule The white inventor argument – from which this post sprang Black people according to Herodotus on Tue Dec 22nd 2009 at 18:51:03 BLACKkittenROAR Wow, fantastic post! This is absolutely fascinating! on Tue Dec 22nd 2009 at 19:18:52 no_slappz “Motives: Since American society is built on the idea that whites are naturally better than blacks…” Your statement is so absurd it’s difficult to respond. However, the best places to look for information about the building blocks of American society are probably in the Constitution, the Bill of Rights and the Declaration of Independence. Those documents do a good job of expressing America’s ideals. In short, the pursuit of life, liberty and happiness. “…whites have reason to downplay the blackness of ancient Egypt while blacks have reason to play it up – because civilization in America goes all the way back to Egypt by way of the English, Romans and Greeks.” Yeah. According to you, whites base their self-worth on events and devleopments in the Nile region that occurred thousands of years ago. The fact that you believe this lunacy says a lot about your fears. “If it turned out to be founded by black people, what would that say?” Your scenario raises only one question. If blacks were the leaders of the world in those early days of cvilization, then what happened? What caused the great fall? Why is Africa a mess? Why do blacks lag in today’s world? on Tue Dec 22nd 2009 at 20:01:11 AO sigh. it continues on yet another post. on Tue Dec 22nd 2009 at 21:32:10 eccentricyoruba i personally believe that ancient Egyptians may have closely resembled Berbers of Northern and Western Africa. i’ve read somewhere (i don’t remember where exactly) that though ancient Egyptians were darker that ancient Romans/Arabs, they were not as dark as those in countries/kingdoms south of their border (Kushites/Sudanese). all in all, this was interesting. on Tue Dec 22nd 2009 at 21:39:16 peanut well written, I know alot of egyptians and some of them I can actually see the black african in them. This one little boy looked exactly like my mixed cousin, he had pale skin and curly hair and hazel eyes and he was egyptian. on Tue Dec 22nd 2009 at 22:21:45 Herneith Here are some quotes form those who actually saw ‘live’ Egyptians of the time, and also some from De Volney, who is considered one of the originators of Egyptology as a discipline: “It is in fact manifest that the Colchidians are Egyptian by race….several Egyptians told me that in their opinion the Colchidians were descended from soldiers of Sesostris. I had conjectured as much myself from two pointers, firstly becuase they have black skins and kinky hair (to tell the truth this proves nothing for other peoples have them too) and secondly and more reliably for the reason alone among mankind the Egyptians and the Ethiopians have practiced circumcision since time immemorial. Herodotus, Book II, 104 ‘Those who are too black are cowards, like for instance, the Egyptians and Ethiopians. But those who are excessively white are also cowards as we can see from the example of women, the complexion of courage is between the two.’ Aristotle, Physiognomy 6 . . the men of Egypt are mostly brown or black with a skinny and dessicated look”. 39-Ammianus Maarcellinus, Book XXII, para 16 (23). “The Ethiopians,” says Lucian, page 985, “were the first who invented the science of the stars, and gave names to the planets, not at random and without meaning, but descriptive of the qualities which they conceived them to possess; and it was from them that this art passed, still in an imperfect state, to the Egyptians.” There a people, now forgotten, discovered, while others were yet barbarians, the elements of the arts and sciences. A race of men now rejected from society for their sable skin and frizzled hair, founded on the study of the laws of nature, those civil and religious systems which still govern the universe. Lower down, those dusky points are the pyramids whose masses have astonished you. Comte de Volney This but a small sampling. on Tue Dec 22nd 2009 at 22:29:43 abagond on Tue Dec 22nd 2009 at 22:31:34 anonomyous @No_slappz….Empires rise and fall. That is the nature of history and politics. Their are many factors to the condition of some African countries. But colonialism, and so called “aid” are big factors. “Your statement is so absurd it’s difficult to respond. However, the best places to look for information about the building blocks of American society are probably in the Constitution, the Bill of Rights and the Declaration of Independence. Those documents do a good job of expressing America’s ideals. In short, the pursuit of life, liberty and happiness. “ No, This statement is absurd! When these documents were being written and made into law, America was wiping out the native population, engaging heavily in the transatlantic slave trade and becoming wealthy off of a free-labor based plantation economy. That is morally contradictory!!! Those documents were written at the time to only include ‘white’ men. They did not write these documents with the intent that it would ever (as far as they were concerned) include women or non-whites of any kind. Yes, ‘whites’ do have a reason to claim Ancient Egypt was not originally ‘black’. Whites had to find a way to morally justify to the world and to themselves that ‘black’ people were inferior. Claiming that ‘black’ people never contributed anything to mankind was one of the them. This topic is a big deal for whites cause Egyptian ideas gave birth to ancient Greece and then ancient Rome. If this is shown to be true it shows that centuries of racist perceptions to be unjustified. I found it interesting how Europe’s greatest civilizations are very close to Africa. I don’t believe that is a coincidence. @ anonymous. Great comments. Thanks 🙂 on Tue Dec 22nd 2009 at 22:53:46 Aiyo no slappz makes me laugh he goes on about “if black people were so great what happend?” errr… slavery, colonialism things of that naturem hello I think no slappz needs a slap lol Anyways I predict this post uis going to get A LOT of comments. I have mentioned before that Black is a fairly new term and everyone in Africa didn’t go around as “Black” People identified as their ethnic group or “ethinic tribes”. (I’ll use Nigeria as a example since I am Nigerian) Even before Nigeria became known as Nigerian people were not saying “I am Nigerian” They were saying “I am Yoruba” or “I am Igbo” etc. That’s my take on it on Wed Dec 23rd 2009 at 00:30:04 anonymous @aiyo….”I think no slappz needs a slap lol” Ditto on that one!! That is very true. I believe that African people should hold on to their ethnic affiliation because their diverse customs and religions deserve to be preserved. However, I think that Africans should also learn to view each other as Africans collectively and help each other out. The way I see it, Africa has such an abundance of resources that Africans shouldn’t have to go outside of their continent for ANYTHING! Africans could be able to trade just within Africa and be richer than any other continent in the world. The ethnic wars are out of hand. If they want to move forward, they MUST come together. Europeans fought each other for centuries, but in the end they all recognize that together they are stronger then the are individually. I think that because of how modern day global economics and politics are structured African people don’t have a choice but to see themselves as a collective ( by that I mean politically and economically, not culturally). on Wed Dec 23rd 2009 at 04:10:48 RainaHavock @Anoymous: Great Response! on Wed Dec 23rd 2009 at 06:09:42 peanut abagond, is english your first language? oh abagond i have a suggestion for a post, how about jamaican maroon communities?? Please, that would be a great post… on Wed Dec 23rd 2009 at 07:16:22 tulio I believe the Egyptians were a mixed race people with genetic influence from black Africa, Semitic people from the middle east as well as whiter people from the near east and Mediterranean. When you look at their paintings, you will see a pretty wide variety of skin shades from African black to European white, though most of then portray an olive complexion. I also think that as you went further south, the blacker they became, and the further north, the whiter they became. Egypt was under black Nubian rule during the 25th dynasty. So black genes were definitely in the mix there amongst others. on Wed Dec 23rd 2009 at 11:05:28 Blackcherry Yeah you’ll believe that because whites don’t think anything great can come from someone that is just plain black, unless they are mixed. The egyptians were black people, deal with it. Wouldn’t surprise me one bit if a white scholar went into all the tombs they could and painted over the egyptian figures with peach flesh tone to make them look white. on Wed Dec 23rd 2009 at 14:10:08 Hathor I don’t focus much on civilization, it’s culture. We denigrate our ancestors when we try to claim ancestors not our own. Some of us may have ancestors of the Benin civilization, but many of our ancestors still had stone technology. Civilization, technically that means the people have stopped migrating and live in cities. Small villages can be stable economic environments that are sustained by agriculture and tool making. What makes a viable society is our social structure; our family relationships, how we value children, treat our elders. deal with justice and how the society creates a sense of place. As black people these are the things we should value, we shouldn’t define ourselves by how well we compare to white people. on Wed Dec 23rd 2009 at 14:20:02 Black&German Fascinating post. I mentioned something similar on a post about Jesus’ appearance. The idea of racial purity is a non-starter anyway. People have been moving around and intermarrying since time-immemorial. Americans used to deny that the Queen of Sheba was black, even though she came from Ethiopia. They thought she looked like this. Notice how her servants are black but she’s depicted as a white woman. That was the general depiction. on Wed Dec 23rd 2009 at 14:29:26 Erin Great post Aba:) I agree, this country owes a lot to the fact that whites at the time thought they were superior to everyone else. How else would they justify taking over land already inhabited and kidnapping people across the ocean to work as slaves?? I found out a long time ago that if I wanted to learn the truth about my heritage before slavery, I had to teach it to myself. Is it me, or does Tut look a bit like Columbus Short?? on Wed Dec 23rd 2009 at 14:36:25 leigh204 @B&G: Yeah. It was the same thing when Elizabeth Taylor portrayed Cleopatra. Race Race isn’t a biological category, it’s cultural. There’s nothing- nothing!- in the Egyptian sources that mentions “race”. Egyptians did not have “race” as a category. They did not think of themselves as members of a particular race, nor did they think of other people as such. Of course, they did think of themselves as different than the other peoples. This image shows foreigners (as portrayed in Ramses III temple in Medinet Habu). Yes, they did notice difference ins kin tones or hair, but those were equal so to speak, to other differences, such as clothes. None of these people are portrayed as Egyptians. I don’t have an image of an Egyptian, but their skin tone (for males) was darker than “Asians” (that lived in Syria and Palestine) but lighter than Nubians. So what? So nothing. Egyptians did not recognize “race” as a special category. So, why do we discuss race of Ancient Egyptians? Because it matters to us. Afrocentrism vs Eurocentrism We all see the problem. Some people (usually white, I guess) claim that the white culture was superior, because it gave all those technologies, cultures, great empires and civilizations. Ok, their first mistake is to forget about Ancient China or Azctecs. So they say- in any case, there was never a great Africancivilization. Ancient Egypt? They were white! Afrocentrism goes in the opposite (but not quite THE opposite) direction and says: there was a great African civilization- Ancient Egypt! That was a black civilization. And that’s not all! Ancient Egypt influenced (some people even claim- colonized) early Greece, so all the Greek knowledge actually came from Egypt, from Africa. And since is believed that western civilization started with Ancient Greece, we can see the point: the western civilization, in fact, started in Ancient Egypt. It is African, it is black, and it was later (during the imperialism) stolen and fabricated by white people, who could not stand the fact modern western civilization is, in fact, black. The problem is: Why Egypt? This story make sense… But why Egypt? Why do Afrocentrics claim Egypt was great ancient civilization? Why Egypt, when there are other civilizations that are without any doubt black in any and every sense of the word (even in those aspect that Egypt, perhaps, wasn’t)? Why Egypt, if there’s Nubia, if there’s Great Zimbabwe? The answer is simple. They don’t have pyramids, and all the wonders of Ancient Egypt that are so important for the history. Really? Says who? <em?Says white, European civilization! See, the problem with this aspect of Afrocentric beliefs is that it’s, in fact, way to much Eurocentric. White western culture says Egypt is more important than Nubia or Zimbabwe. White western culture is dominant in today’s world, so many of our beliefs are shaped the way white western culture dictates. There’s no reason for Egypt to be more important than any other culture or civilization. So, rather than questioning race of Ancient Egyptians, maybe we should question why we find this culture more interesting than some others. My personal opinion I must admit I don’t know much about race, and I don’t know what is considered “black”. But if I have to state my opinion, I’d say Ancient Egyptians weren’t black as people from West Africa, but they were not Caucasian either. But, like I said, that’s not the main point here. What is main point here is- why is that important today? Herodotus: As wonderful as his books are, they are not the most accurate historical source. Many of his claims can not be proved. In fact, they’re often contradicted by other sources (archaeological, Egyptian texts, etc). Herodotus IS a valuable source, but for some other things. I know this post isn’t about him, I just had to add this. I love his work but that’s another matter. About Cleopatra: She was the last Egyptian queen, but she was, in fact, Macedonian. True, some of her ancestors are unknown (there’s a possibility that one of her grandmothers was African), but in any case, Cleopatra isn’t the best example here because she was mostly European and therefore do not represent an “average” Egyptian (if there’s such a thing). Given that Cleopatra came from Macedonia, the likelihood of her being black in the sense we understand the word today(sub-saharan black/negroid), is extremely unlikely. For some reason this issue of Cleopatra’s race seems to be highly controversial in the black community. Here is a good write-up about that debate: http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m1077/is_4_57/ai_82479151/ tulio: Like I said, there is a possibility one of her grandmothers was African (black). I won’t go into the debate whether that makes Cleopatra black or not. But the problem is: why Cleopatra? Even with a black grandmother, she was still Macedonian, and doesn’t represent an average Ancient Egyptian. Why is Cleopatra so important, when there are so many others. There’s whole Egyptian dynasty ruled by Nubians (who were black). Once again, because Cleopatra is more famous. Why? Because Romans made her famous. Romans = White western civilization (at least in this case). @ Mira…“My personal opinionI must admit I don’t know much about race, and I don’t know what is considered “black”. But if I have to state my opinion, I’d say Ancient Egyptians weren’t black as people from West Africa, but they were not Caucasian either. But, like I said, that’s not the main point here. What is main point here is- why is that important today?” I think that Egypt in its later dynasties was more mixed because of trade with Greece. But the very beginnings were African. However, what exactly do you mean by “as black”? African people come in various shades naturally. Not all pure blood Africans are of a deep dark brown complexion. West Africa is not the only part of Africa with very dark complexioned people. Many eastern Africans (i.e. Ethiopians, Sudanese, Kenyans) and southern Africans are also of varying shades of brown. I love how when it comes to comes to Egypt, historians assume that just because they weren’t of the deepest shade of brown that they must be mixed with white blood and therefore not black African. Its like the one-drop rule in reverse lol! Obviously if they are tan-to-white complexioned then yes they were more than likely Greek/Macedonian or some mixture thereof. But, all those people in the Egyptian paintings of varying brown complexions doesn’t necessarily mean their mixed with anything. P.S. yes Africa had many other wonderful civilizations. However either alot of misconceptions have been told about African civilizations or they completely ignore west African and south African civilizations. Many historians don’t won’t to admit that the beginnings of Egypt were black; when much evidence points to it. Thanks for the link. It looks like an interesting article. on Wed Dec 23rd 2009 at 16:35:14 Susan I agree with your point that letting Eurocentric standards and values serve as the measuring tool is problematic in itself (I hope I’m accurately interpreting what you said). It makes me think of alleged IQ tests. I say alleged because to me, it’s obvious that these tests DON’T measure IQ. Given the many ways that intelligence is applied in different situations, it’s ridiculous to think that 1 test, developed from 1 perspective, can measure intelligence in it’s entirety for every person. No one test can even begin to capture all the different aspects of someone’s intelligence. But look at what happens: 1. create the test, 2. claim (falsely) that it measures intelligence, 3. use the test to label and define people. The validity of the test itself is never questioned, when it should be. Instead, I’m left to question myself if I score poorly on it, regardless of what else might be apparent in myself and my life. I don’t mean to go off from the main topic of the post, but I think the point is worth highlighting. Many ways of looking at the world, making assessments, and measuring, are ethnocentric and fundamentally flawed. So using these approaches and measurements leads to conclusions that are also fundamentally flawed and/or conclusions that will typically be favorouably biased towards the ones who developed those approaches and measurements in the first place. “However, what exactly do you mean by “as black”? I don’t know. I don’t know what it really means to be black (when it comes to identity). When it comes to biology, there’s no such thing as “black”. Yes, there are various skin shades in Africa, and I am aware of that; but that is not my point. Skin tone doesn’t make a race. Ancient Egyptians didn’t have category of “race”, it simply didn’t exist in their world. To apply such a category as race to those people is anachronistic. That is the main problem with the debate. It doesn’t matter at all how they looked (the shade of their skin, the colour of their eyes, their hair, etc) because race isn’t biological, it’s cultural thing. In other words, to question “race” of Ancient Egyptians matter (and makes sense) only to us. And yes, I know Ancient Egypt is an African civilization, there’s no doubt about that. But then again, I hope we agree it’s not the point here. But then again, Ancient Egyptians would disagree about this as well, since “Africa” didn’t mean anything to them (they didn’t see themselves as Africans). It’s not just Egypt. Take Ancient Greece for example. It’s believed to be THE beginning of European (western). civilization. Still, Greeks didn’t: a) consider themselves European (if nothing else, they – like more or less any other culture- consider themselves center of the world, and had many contacts not with barbaric Europe but with (still barbaric) but more advanced civilizations of the south and east, Egypt and Middle East). And b) If we’re talking about geography, Greece isn’t “western” western- it’s located on the Balkans. Of course Balkan peninsula is in Europe, but is usually not considered “western”, and this story has its own “ups and downs” when it comes to identity, imperialism, stealing someone’s culture, etc. @ Susan “I agree with your point that letting Eurocentric standards and values serve as the measuring tool is problematic in itself (I hope I’m accurately interpreting what you said).” Yes, that’s exactly what I’m talking about. And I agree about IQ tests. Hey, they can say it’s the best thing we have at the moment, but don’t claim it to be perfect. And people can not see the world outside their cultural + their personal lens. 1. White Americans are never going to admit that Nubia, Zimbabwe, etc, were anything great. They cannot say that about Egypt. 2. American society is built on the idea that being even part black African means there is something wrong with you, that you are not as good as whites. Therefore if Ancient Egypt was even just part black, it gives the lie to the racism that American society is built on. 1. Well, it’s about the image average person has about a particular culture. Average person’s image of Egypt isn’t realistic, but it doesn’t matter- average person see Egypt as something great and important, and Nubia for example, as something “not so important” (key word here is, I think, “important”, not “great”). (off topic) The sad thing is that we don’t really know that much about Ancient Egypt. We know a lot about life of their upper class and their monuments. But we don’t know much about lives of average people. 2. That is horrible, but that’s American problem, it has nothing to do with Ancient Egypt. on Wed Dec 23rd 2009 at 23:16:51 Herneith Herodotus may have been inaccurate about certain cultural and, or, religious facts about Ancient Egypt. However, as to describing the people, he saw them in person. In many instances, in his writings, he prefaces what he writes with disclaimers as to the validity of his sources. In describing the inhabitants, he describes what he saw. There are other ancient writers who describe the Egyptians as black even after repeated invasions by Persians, Greeks and Romans. I have a friend who recently went to Egypt. I asked her what the people looked like. For the most part, they looked black in the North American definition of such. In fact she was greeted with “welcome home sister” by some of the natives. If she was to write of her experiences in Egypt, and the writing was found a few thousand years hence, people would question the validity of her accounts when it came to describing customs perhaps, but eyewitness accounts as to how the populace looked? I don’t think so. Someone said that the earlier dynasties were black with little to no admixture. I believe this to be so. After the invasion of the Hyksos, who were driven out by the founders of the 18th dynasty, some admixture may have began to take place. Despite the mass invasion of others and with it admixture presumably, the Egyptians still managed to maintain strong black physical characteristics as evinced by De Volney’s writings of the late 1700, early 1800s. Bottom line, if you were to transplant an Ancient Egyptian to the American South during slavery or Jim Crow, they would have been seen and treated as black. They would today be treated with the ‘colour blind’ philosophy prevalent in society. I doubt King Tut would have been served a cup of coffee at the local segregated diner unless he sat in the ‘coloured section’. What I would like to know is why people try to explain away what eyewitnesses a few thousand years ago. Look at the names of these writers, they weren’t lightweights. Why would they lie? They were not writing from any racialized vantage point as today. Their descriptions were that, descriptions I mentioned Herodotus because I had to (archaeology of Greece is my major, so whenever I talk about a subject like this one, I mention him). It wasn’t in reply to you and I didn’t do it to disagree with you. I don’t know if your friend is black or white, but my (white) friend has a bit different experience (which doesn’t mean anything, really). My friend looks Middle Eastern (at least that’s what people say) and natives thought she was one of them. So maybe that’s the way they greet tourists? In any case, this is important: if you were to transplant an Ancient Egyptian to the American South during slavery or Jim Crow, they would have been seen and treated as black. They would today be treated with the ‘colour blind’ philosophy prevalent in society. I doubt King Tut would have been served a cup of coffee at the local segregated diner unless he sat in the ‘coloured section’. And that’s exactly what I’m talking about. I don’t know much about Jim Crow and segregation rules, but Ancient Egyptians didn’t look like an average Caucasian, that’s for sure. Tutankhamun was an African man. He might not be an important ruler in Egyptian history, but he is the most famous. And back to Herodotus. I will check my translation of the second book to see how Colchidians are described. The problem with the passage you mentioned isn’t description of people and their appearance, it’s Sesostris and his alleged colonization. If that is true, then why Egyptian sources don’t talk about it? on Thu Dec 24th 2009 at 00:57:58 Annaleisha Absolutely brilliant post. I’m lovin’ the comments by Mira,Herneith and Susan. Keep em comin. I’m learnin a lot about history! If I had more time on my hands I’d formally study it! Its beautifully fascinating! Gd post Aba!!! on Thu Dec 24th 2009 at 01:35:40 Ginsu Shark I figured Egyptians looked the way they usually drew themselves: brownish skin with straight black hair… on Thu Dec 24th 2009 at 04:08:48 Hathor Ginsu Shark. Their hair were wigs. An African accommodation to heat and parasites? I think when Egyptian culture is studied, it has more in common with other African cultures than with the Mideast or Greece. That is; from the approach of cultural anthropologist. Speaking of getting served a cup of coffee. You have to remember that the south’s whites were Scot Irish, Irish and English, so any hint of yellow in your skin and you could be questioned. Ever wonder why outside of Louisiana, there were no Mediterranean immigrants. Modern Egyptians were suspect when I went to college in the early sixties. The heavy Arabic accent only allowed them to be served out side of the campus area.Some time it was really tough for white folk trying to decide what the foreign students were, because the university would come down on the establishments if they discriminated against them. Now this did not cover the dark skinned African. on Thu Dec 24th 2009 at 04:29:06 AO True Hathor about the wigs. Also many Egyptian women had shaved heads and then wore the wigs. That really cut down on the parasites and helped them keep a cooler head. 🙂 on Thu Dec 24th 2009 at 05:57:11 tulio Check this out guys: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Book_of_Gates This is how the Egyptians viewed race and the way they portrayed the various races in that part of the world. The Nubians were shown as black Africans and the Egyptians shown as brownish skinned. It shows “Asiatics” as much lighter then themselves, yet not as dark as blacks. The Egyptians seemed to be sort of an in between race. [img] http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/ce/Seti1a.jpg [/img] Wikipedia is a site created by white people, so of course they are going to list egyptians as being mixed because whites don’t believe anything great can come from an un-mixed black person. Wikipedia is not the truth either, you gonna find “facts” in david duke’s popcorn machine next? You’re just on here trying to make the egyptians sound like anything but pure black, because you don’t want to give credit to black people for the great civilization of ancient egypt. Wow, how’d David Duke come up in this? Lol. Some people are getting a little carried away here. If I had to surmise, I’m willing to bet that the ancient Egyptians looked very similar to modern present day Upper Egyptians and Modern Nubians. Ancient Egyptians: Modern Upper Egyptians: http://mathildasanthropologyblog.files.wordpress.com/2008/11/upper-egyptians.png Modern Ethiopians/Nubians: Note – The ancient Nubians were much blacker in appearance than the modern ones. They became mixed with Arab over time as Islam pushed further into Africa. Ancient Nubians: on Thu Dec 24th 2009 at 08:05:00 Kat I just think ancient Egyptians resemble people from the Horn of Africa (Ethiopia, Somalia) as well as Southern Sudanese Bantu phenotypes. I think there was just an overlap of various features with obvious what we call “black” admixture today. Someone mentioned that Eygptians saw themselves as different from other “races”. Of course, they would see themselves as different. It’s the culture. Back then, Culture ALWAYS took precedence over phenotypes. Eygptian is a culture, Nubian is a culture- It’s always possible for two groups to share similar phenotypical features and yet, see themselves as different and unique from the other. I’m pretty sure before western colonization, the Igbo and Yoruba tribe of Nigeria saw themselves as “different” and yet they are now classified as black African. Greeks and Romans also saw themselves as “different” from the Germanic tribes and the Gauls even though they share similar skin tones. But people today agree that Greeks, Romans, Germanics, and Celts are now classified as white. Yet, if folks apply this same concept to ancient Egyptians, suddenly there is backtracking to anything BUT black even though the earliest account of what ancient Eygptians look like is similar to Iman Bowie-type who is “black” Kat, since none of us were around back then, the only think we can rely on to indicate the skin color of the Egyptians were the paintings they made of themselves. They clearly portrayed themselves as a copper-skinned people. They were not white. And did not portray themselves as white. They did paint other races to the north as white, but not themselves. They also did not paint themselves as black either, even though that color was available to them. They painted ancient Nubians as black but not themselves. Now I don’t know why people get so upset when you imply that ancient Egypt wasn’t black in the sense that the rest of Africa is. The Nubians certainly were black as the Egyptians themselves even said. If this is all about taking pride in black civilization, why not take pride in the Nubians rather than the Egyptians? The Nubians had more pyramids than Egypt. They had an alphabet. They had armies and trade. They had an advanced ancient civilization. Why do so many black people prefer claiming Egypt over Nubia when Nubia is clearly the blacker of these two neighboring ancient civilizations? Plus much of Egypt’s culture came from Nubia. LOL “Copper-skinned” the acceptable color that whites will condone when they don’t want to say the color black. Did you pick that up at walmart in a can? White people are always spraying themselves orange thinking they look “golden and glowing.” LOL Whenever white people don’t want to say black they will say mixed or tanned. LOL The Egyptians were black people and white people just want to take credit for Ancient Egyptian achievements by re-writing history to suit their superiority complex. White people approach the Egyptians the same way they approach the identity of Jesus Christ. They will say ” oh Jesus had a tan skin” because they don’t want to say Jesus was black or african. I would like to ask, why do we care as black people. what white people thought the Egyptians were. Is it that we have the same perceptions of sub-Saharan Africans? Jesus was not black. Virtually nobody in that region of the world at that time(or even now) was black. on Thu Dec 24th 2009 at 21:13:25 nicia Hi Tulio that’s not true. the bible in the new testatment speaks of a high official in the roman court that one of the apostles spoke to after jesus died it specifically says ethiopian eunich…he was preached to and baptised. He was not a eunich in the physical sense but it also meant someone who had a high position.. READ ACTS CHAPTER 8 there was a recent discovery of Cleopatra’s sister’s bones. DNA testing showed that her mother was AFRICAN This was reported on by the BBC (Britsh Broadcasting Corporation) pleaseread below http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/1/hi/also_in_the_news/7945333.stm National geographic had a recent article entitled THE BLACK PHAROAHS. as well as documenting the racist attitudes of the archeologists (by smashing off the African features of the statues) and covering/minimizing any evidence of positive African presence on Thu Dec 24th 2009 at 22:03:29 Ensayn Dr. Cheik Anta Diop postulates the Yourba of today are quite possibly the Yourpa of Ancient Egypt spoken of by the Ancient Greeks. The Dogon of Mali are known to be physically related to the Ancient Egyptians. As stated in this post the Ancient Egyptians referred to themselves as Khemetans (Blacks). I have once read that “others” call Khemet the land of black soil. I’ve come to understand Khemet to mean the “Land of the Black’s”. If it were black soil alone why would they refer to themselves as Khemetans? on Fri Dec 25th 2009 at 03:18:57 tulio As for the “Khemet land of the blacks” matter, remember that the word “black” is sociological concept that doesn’t mean the same thing across various cultures and times. In Russia, they refer to people from central Asia(all those “-istan” countries) as “blacks”. People from Ireland with dark hair and eyes refer to themselves as “Black Irish”. In both cases we’re talking about Caucasian people being referred to as blacks. In the U.S., we have a definition of black that means anybody with any degree of recognizable sub-saharan African ancestry. So do we know what concept that ancient Egyptians used the world black? About Khemet. Khemet was the name of their land (country), that’s how they called Egypt. “Khemet”, strictly speaking, means “black land”. Black (fertile) as the opposite of red (infertile) land. It has nothing to do with skin colour. There isn’t anything in the Egyptian sources that indicates that “black” in their land name means “black people” in today’s (racial) meaning of the word. This doesn’t mean Egyptians weren’t black. It means they didn’t have “race” as a cultural category. Race isn’t biological, it’s cultural category. It’s not “natural” to think about race, it’s cultural. Many cultures, especially the Ancient ones (Egyptians, Greeks) didn’t have “race” as a category. So why would they name themselves “black” if that didn’t mean anything to them? on Fri Dec 25th 2009 at 13:15:51 Pedlyde Some people love to claim Egypt was black with no evidence to back it up.Ordinarily, if someone has a theory which involves a radical departure from what the experts have professed, he is expected to defend his position by providing evidence in its support. But no one seemed to think it was appropriate to ask for evidence from the instructors who claimed that the Greeks stole their philosophy from Egypt. For example, until recently, no one ever asked whether Cleopatra might have had an African ancestor, because our surviving ancient sources identify her as a Macedonian Greek. Her ancestors, the Ptolemies, were descended from one of Alexander’s generals. After Alexander’s death in 323 B. C., these generals divided up among themselves the territory in the Mediterranean that Alexander had conquered. The name Cleopatra was one of the names traditionally given to women in the royal family; officially our Cleopatra (69-30 BC) was Cleopatra VII, the daughter of Ptolemy XII and his sister. Cleopatra VII herself followed the family practice of marrying within the family. She married her two brothers (Ptolemy XIII and XIV) in succession (after the first died in suspicious circumstances, she had the second murdered). Her first language was Greek; but she was also the first member of the Ptolemaic line who was able to speak Egyptian. She also wore Egyptian dress, and was shown in art in the dress of the goddess Isis. She chose to portray herself as an Egyptian not because she was Egyptian, but because she was ambitious to stay in power. In her surviving portraits on coins and in sculpture she appears to be impressive rather than beautiful, Mediterranean in appearance, with straight hair and a hooked nose. Of course these portraits on metal and stone give no indication of the color of her skin. The only possibility that she might not have been a full-blooded Macedonian Greek arises from the fact that we do not know the precise identity of one member of her family tree. We do not know who her grandmother was on her father’s side. Her grandmother was the mistress (not the wife) of her grandfather, Ptolemy IX. Because nothing is known about this person, the assumption has always been that she was a Macedonian Greek, like the other members of Ptolemy’s court. Like other Greeks, the Ptolemies were wary of foreigners. They kept themselves apart from the native population, with brothers usually marrying sisters, or uncles marrying nieces, or in one case a father marrying his daughter (Ptolemy IX and Cleopatra Berenice III). Because the Ptolemies seemed to prefer to marry among themselves, even incestuously, it has always been assumed that Cleopatra’s grandmother was closely connected with the family. If she had been a foreigner, one of the Roman writers of the time would have mentioned it in their invectives against Cleopatra as an enemy of the Roman state. These writers were supporters of Octavian (later known as Augustus) who defeated Cleopatra’s forces in the battle of Actium in 31 B.C. The question of race matters only insofar as it is necessary to show that no classicists or ancient historians have tried to conceal the truth about the origins of the Greek people or the ancestry of certain famous ancient figures. It has been suggested that classicists have been reluctant to ask questions about Greek origins, and that we have been so “imbued with conventional preconceptions and patterns of thought” that we are unlikely to question the basic premises of our discipline. But even though we may be more reluctant to speculate about our own field than those outside it might be, none of us has any cultural “territory” in the ancient world that we are trying to insulate from other ancient cultures. on Fri Dec 25th 2009 at 19:20:27 anonymous @pedlyde…Cleopatra was only part black. Probably 20%-50%. In other words she was more than likely bi-racial. We aren’t discussing Cleopatra, but the origins of Egypt. Egypt was around for much, much longer than the reign of Cleopatra. The later quarter of Egypt was ruled by Greeks/Macedonians. We aren’t arguing that point. You said it yourself..she tried to appear Egyptian to stay in power. The fact that she wore braided wigs and dark makeup is a clue, albeit a small one, to know who she was was trying to emulate. If none of us have any cultural “territory” in the ancient world why did whites find it necessary to claim they were white from the start instead of stating that they weren’t sure. @Mira…I agree race is a fairly new concept. Of course, Ancient Egyptians wouldn’t consider themselves black; they didn’t call they land they lived on Africa either. As aforementioned above, it wasn’t ‘black’ people as their known today that depicted Ancient Egyptians as blue-eyed ‘white’ people. Once ‘white’ dominated Hollywood decided to portray them that way these debates started. The bottom line is that Hollywood and Historians had no business creating these inaccurate images and perceptions in the first place. on Fri Dec 25th 2009 at 20:48:17 Herneith They kept themselves apart from the native population, with brothers usually marrying sisters, or uncles marrying nieces, or in one case a father marrying his daughter (Ptolemy IX and Cleopatra Berenice III). No, this was a tradition going back thousands of years in ancient Egypt among the royal families. Perhaps they were following these traditions. If they wished to keep themselves apart from the native populace, they would have married other Macedonians or Greeks, not incestuously. The pharaoh had to marry a daughter or female of the direct line of the previous pharaoh in order to legitimize his claim. He didn’t necessarily have to be ‘royal’ to do this. There are many such examples through Egyptian history. Towards the end of the 18th dynasty for example, Horemhab became pharaoh, and he had previously been a general with no discernible blood relation to the royal family. The question of race matters only insofar as it is necessary to show that no classicists or ancient historians have tried to conceal the truth about the origins of the Greek people or the ancestry of certain famous ancient figures. This post isn’t about the origins of ancient Greeks. It’s about Ancient Egyptians. Nobody questions the origins of the Greeks(funny that), however they go into high dudgeon when questioning the race of Ancient Egyptians. Why is this? Then you get the ones who say there was no notion of race as there is today. This is true to a certain extent, however they did have a notions of race but this was for descriptive reasons. If you read some of the ancient authors, they do ascribe certain characteristics to groups in particular, fellow European ones. The Egyptians while seeing themselves as a distinct group, would be the equivalent of Europeans seeing themselves as French, Germans, Swedes etc. They are all ‘white’ however. The ancient Greeks referred to Africa as ‘Ethiopia’ which encompassed Nubia, Meroe, Cush, Aksum etc. The author of this post is states clearly: The less-simple answer is to apply American ideas of race to ancient Egypt, something that people have been doing since the early 1800s.The simple answer, of course, is that no one in Ancient Egypt was black: “black” is an American social construct, something made up to make men into slaves, even those who are mostly European by blood. He goes on to state: The less-simple answer is to apply American ideas of race to ancient Egypt, something that people have been doing since the early 1800s.The less-simple answer is to apply American ideas of race to ancient Egypt, something that people have been doing since the early 1800s. This is what is being discussed. The question of the Ancient Egyptian’s appearance has been racialized and politicized. For some reason, it was, is hard for many people to accept this. Africans come in many shades and don’t conform to one particular phenotype. It is therefore not inconceivable that the Ancient Egyptians were black, especially if you apply today’s litmus test(North American) to what constitutes ‘black’. What I find disconcerting are those who feel a need to explain this away using either a colour blind ‘mixed’ explanation or something else. Funny how they don’t do this for Greeks, as it is presumed that they were mostly ‘white’. Yet they go all ape feces when something to the contrary is posited. They demand ‘proof’. Well proof is subjective within this discipline, and no, I am not claiming they are black. I find it amusing when they start carrying on as if they have been personally insulted. It can’t be put down to solely proof etc. If that were it, then they would just ignore it as most people will believe what they want, they wouldn’t really care. They would carry on with their proofs and scholarship. Nobody questions the origins of the Greeks They (we) do, actually. Like with any other culture, we aren’t quite certain about their origins. We know a lot, but not enough. Then you get the ones who say there was no notion of race as there is today. This is true to a certain extent, however they did have a notions of race but this was for descriptive reasons. True. Ancient people weren’t blind or colourblind. They could see someone’s skin tone, hair or eyes. However, those were treated as mere physical facts. If there was something “unusual” about a foreign person, Ancient writers noted, but that was usually something about clothes, language and customs. To some cultures, language was the most important factor that divided the world into “us” and “them”. “We” speak Greek. “They” (barbarians) do not. Physical differences, such as skin tone was noted, but usually treated as no more important than today’s notion of hair colour among white people (ok, this one has light brown hair, and that one red; no big deal). I have a post on whether Cleopatra was black: https://abagond.wordpress.com/2009/12/23/was-cleopatra-black/ on Sat Dec 26th 2009 at 01:19:38 Hathor What some of you forget, is that color is also an adaptation, not necessarily from any mixture. Lets say that in different regions of Africa, perhaps 20,000 year ago, color separated along the latitude with reference to the equator. It didn’t mean that the features were any different, over time the features changed from the predominance of certain families, which gave somewhat slight differences in appearances, but not necessarily color. It is highly doubtful the early man was as dark as some would think, because his environment was in a temperate zone. As man migrated and without the benefits of some technologies to protect his skin, melanin helped protect him from the environment. Otherwise why would some Indians and indigenous Australians be very dark. Later on color became less important in mans survival and there was less selection for color as man migrated. The Egyptians, 10000 years ago could have very well have been the same people as the Nubians. on Sat Dec 26th 2009 at 11:23:35 anonymous @Mira….It’s true that we don’t know everything about Ancient Greece, but very, very rarely does anyone question what race they were. They may question their customs, religions, mathematics, etc., but never their race. You never hear black people claiming Greece or Rome, but many euro-centric scholars feel they can white-wash Egypt. on Sat Dec 26th 2009 at 13:30:31 Mira I never hear the Greeks being questioned, the Greeks are considered default white by white people. Yes, they are questioned. I don’t know why you never hear about it; perhaps Egypt is more interesting to general public. Read Black Athena if you’re interested in this problem. However, with Greeks, we have the same problem as with Egyptians. Race didn’t mean anything in their world. They separated world into “us” and “them” based on language. If you weren’t speaking Greek, you were a barbarian. However, there were barbarians and barbarians. Some of them were treated as really inferior and barely human. Others, such as Egyptians and Romans, while still barbarians, were seen in more positive light. And the great Greek debate actually already hapened. Remember, not all white people are the same. Some of them believe to be superior to the others. During the 18th and 19th century, people of western Europe learned Ancient Greece was cradle of European civilizations. So they went to Greece (who was under Otomans at the time), and they were disgusted. Instead of noble, white, wise men they saw the ugly Greek peasants. Those “ugly” Greek peasants were still white, but they were darker (darker skin and hair), of poor inferior culture. British people (and people of western Europe) could not believe these pathetic beingh were the descendants (is that the right word?) of those noble Ancient philosophers and scientists! So they said- these peasants are not true Europeans, we are! Ancient Greece wasn’t cradle of their civilization, it’s ours. So they stole (more or less) the heritage, and sometimes I think literally, they stole monuments and moved them to western Europe, because, you know, modern Greeks are unworhty the great Ancient Greek culture. They are not truly Europeans. So the point is, whether Ancient Greeks were black as people of Western Africa or simply darker whites like todays Greeks, isn’t really important. The decision was already made- Ancient Greeks were like western Europeans. on Sat Dec 26th 2009 at 18:29:36 PM The second century AD Roman writer Arrian compared Indians, Ethiopians and Egyptians in his “Anabasis Alexandri”: “The appearance of the inhabitants, too, is not so far different in India and Ethiopia; the southern Indians resemble the Ethiopians a good deal, and are black of countenance, and their hair black also, only they are not as snub-nosed or so woolly-haired as the Ethiopians; but the northern Indians are most like the Egyptians in appearance.” on Mon Dec 28th 2009 at 15:02:40 lucia “White people are control freaks they always need to be manipulating something or somebody because it comes with their superiority complex.” please do not generalize all white people. how would you feel if someone made your comment as above but substituted all the ‘white people’ for ‘black people’. As a person of mixed race origin(3/4 white 1/4 black) I don’t think its ok to generalize any race as being something or something else. on Mon Dec 28th 2009 at 16:20:17 jeri ,When I think of the Ancient Egyptians I think that they were probrably an unmixed black civilization in the beginning. Then, as time progressed, they became more mixed but you would still consider them black just a little lighter. I mean most African-Americans are mostly black with a small amount of white european ancestry. African Americans come in all shades but they are still black. The picture that Tulio provided where it showed the Libyans, Nubians, and then Ancient Egyptians proved to me what I believed all along. The Egyptian man still looks black just slightly lighter than the Nubian. He does not look white and he doesn’t look half white but he looks like a black man who might be slightly mixed like the typical African American. I think the only reason why you see so many lightskinned Egytians today is because of the huge amount of Arabs who left the middle east shortly after so many Middle Easterners were converted to Islam. They traveled all over the world and took over many different nations such as those in North Africa. The people that lived in South America 500 years were the red men. But they were conquered by the Spanish and now many of the people are mestizos, some are pure indian, and some are mostly Spanish. That does not mean that the Ancient Mayans, Incas, and Actzecs weren’t red. It just means they were eventually conquered and now the appearance of South America has changed somewhat. That is what could have happened to Ancient Egypt. The people could have resembled African Americans and, after being conquered by the Arabs, their appearance has now changed. And it sounds to me that the dna test have proven it. The modern egyptian is a mixture of Arabic and African. I don’t know. That is just my theory. Also, I want to make a comment to the man who said something about how is it possible for the Ancient Egyptians to be black yet blacks lagg behind so badly today. There are many nations that were once great but because hostile forces took over and robbed that nation of its resources, they are now in poverty. For the past 500 years Africa has been robbed of its resources. And one of its greatest resouces was the people themselves. Slavery robbed Africa of millions of its people. Also, slavery caused Africans to fight other Africans. A house divided against itself cannot stand. Africa is still suffering because of slavery and colonization by Europeans. The same thing happened to the Native Americans. So its very possible. on Mon Dec 28th 2009 at 16:56:28 J Here is a scholarly analysis: The ‘Table of Nations’ Scene in the Tomb of Ramses 3 by Manu Apim http://manuampim.com/ramesesIII.htm on Tue Dec 29th 2009 at 16:31:00 dimples Thank you J for posting the manuampim website. This site show the fakeness and malnipulation by whites & Arabs. How they falsified the tombs and everything so they can try to EARASE the black faces of the ORIGINAL Egyptian. Egyptian came from the south. Which means they came from SUDAN & ETHIOPIA. Not GREECE. They are the ones who brought so much creativity, education, writing, art, math, and so much more to Egypt. As a matter of fact, Greece/Rome got its civilization from Egypt. The Greeks and Romans came to Egypt as students. Then, turned on the Egyptian and used ALL of what they learned FROM the Egyptian against them. This is ( I believe) how Rome left their mark on Egypt. The reason why black people lagg behind so bad today is because most of it has alot to do with how whites kept blacks back for so long. And it starts with slavery. The master mind of malnipulation and whitewashing black folks mind starts with how the white man did his damage to the black race. The other part is blamed on black people themselves for continuing to hold on to what the white man taught blacks for sooooo long. So everytime I hear how some white person say something like why blacks lagg this or lagg that, I say its because of racism. Whites know more about our people then we know about oursevles and that is why (for the most part) black people lagg so much. Cause YT haled/hold us back and so do our own. Black people can do anything and everything they want as long as they put their minds to it without the ignorance of racist cowards who discrminate against blacks. on Tue Dec 29th 2009 at 17:43:43 Mira @dimples I can’t open photos on that site. 😦 I know you’re going to hate me for this, but: Egyptians would never never show themselves identical to another, foreign people. So, if the black figure on the left (A) is an Egyptian, so is the other black figure (C). If C is Nubian, so is A. Same skin tone, same hairstyle, same clothes. Those are the same people. Also, nobody said Egyptians came from Greece. That’s nonsense. I agree with the second comment. on Wed Dec 30th 2009 at 16:02:31 dimples Mira, try googling manuampim.com. on Wed Dec 30th 2009 at 16:13:19 Mira I will. I found the site. There are some articles I’d like to read. on Wed Dec 30th 2009 at 20:58:58 Ali This is a major topic of Senegalese professor Cheikh Anta Diop studies. Cheikh Anta Diop is famous and world renowned egyptolog and race issues related in Egypt Check for his books on Amazon http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cheikh_Anta_Diop#The_Egyptians_as_a_Black_population on Wed Dec 30th 2009 at 22:04:37 jefflion I am familiar with his work. I just wanted to read more about those “Table of nations” interpretations. Still doesn’t make sense to me, since it contradicts with everything we know about Ancient Egypt and all the other sources. Ok, I have NO idea why previous comment was posted under “jefflion”. In any case, this is me. on Wed Dec 30th 2009 at 22:58:54 J Hi there!! Sometimes, well in fact most of the time, it can be very hard to change one’s way of thinking, if you are predisposed to think in a certain way. Perhaps you did not mean this – and maybe you may want to correct me here. I had always thought the representation of the table of nations is agreed upon by scholars that it represents 4 ‘races’. If this is accepted, then the Egyptians cannot represent themselves twice and it still be a table of nation, of 4 races. Or did you mean something else here? on Mon Jan 4th 2010 at 09:35:08 J And still on the issue of representation… “These paintings from the tomb of Huy, the Egyptian governor of Nubia during the reign of King Tutankhamun (1336–1327 BC), pictures Nubians bringing tribute for Egypt’s pharaoh. The scene shows a wide variety of Nubians. Some are in Egyptian dress, including a woman riding in a cart. Others, including children, appear in Nubian dress. The skin color of the Nubian men ranges from dark red to brown to black; skin tones for some of the women are lighter”. http://oi.uchicago.edu/museum/nubia/huy.html on Mon Jan 4th 2010 at 23:07:41 Kat New Discovery has been found http://www.digitaljournal.com/article/284891#tab=comments&sc=0&contribute=&local= on Mon Jan 4th 2010 at 23:33:31 Herneith on Tue Jan 12th 2010 at 12:53:00 J The Egyptian Race According to the Classical Authors of Antiquity – ie those who saw them in the flesh, and wrote the following 1. Heredotus -480 (?) to -425 BCE ‘It is in fact manifest that the Colchidians (ie around Armenia, Eastern Europe of the Black Sea) are Egyptian by race…I had conjectured as much myself from two pointers, firstly they have black skin and kinky hair…’ and again in a different instance he sugegsts: ‘…and when they add that the dove was black they give us to understand that the woman was Egyptian’ 2. Aristotle -389 to -332 BCE ‘Those who are too black are cowards, like for instance the Egyptians and Ethiopians. But those who are excessively White are also coward as we can see from the example of women, the complexion of courage is between the two’ 3. Lucian 125 -190 CE ‘ Lycinus: This boy is not merely black; he has thick lips and his legs are too thin…his hair worn in a plait behind shows that he is a freeman. Timolaus: But that is a sign of really distinguished birth in Egypt, Lycinus…’ 4. Aeschylus -525(?) to – 456 BCE, tragic poet and creator of Greek tragedy ‘I can see the crew with their black limbs and white tunics’ taken from The Suppliants describing the Aegyptiads 5. Achilles Tatius of Alexandria Same source as in 4, verse 745. He compares the herdsmen of the Delta to the Ethiopians that they are blackish 6. Strabo -58 BCE – 25 CE He concurs in the theory that the Egyptians and Colchidians are of the same race (by a process of migration). Later he seeks elsewhere to explain why the Egyptians are darker than Hindus 7. Appollonius of Tyre ….describing Zeno son of Mnaseas or Demeas was a native of Citum in Cyprus says of him that he was gaunt, very tall and black, hence the fact according to 8. Chrysippus in the First Book of his Proverbs Certain people called him an Egyptian vine shoot 9. Ammianus Marcellius 33- 100 CE Latin historian ‘…the men of Egypt are mostly brown or black with a skinny and dessicated look’. With Marcellinius we reach the sunset of the Roman Empire and the end of classical antiquity. There are about 900 years between the birth of Aeschylus and Heredotus to the death of Marcellinus., 900 years during the Egyptians, amid a sea of white races steadily cross-bred. It can be said that without exaggeration that in Egypt one household in ten included a White Asiaitic or Indo-European slave. It is remarkable that, despite its itensity, all this crossbreeding should not have succeeeding in upsetting the racial constants..This cursory review of teh evidence of teh Graeco-Latin writers on the Egyptians’ race shows taht the extent of agreement between them is impressive and is an objective fact difficult to minimise or conceal…. Great African Thinkers Vo1, On Cheikh Anta Diop, by Ivan Van Sertima (ed) p.42 on Wed Feb 3rd 2010 at 11:07:24 J If it is Zahi Hawas who is in charge of the findings then do not expect to hear that King Tut-ankh-amun is of African/Black origin. Since he has made his Arabo-centric position clear in the past. We shall see ey?? Yeah I am kind of weary of who is doing it since we know how racist historians write the books and change the facts for their own purposes. so I am with you J we shall wait and see. Thanks for the article. I had no idea they’re doing DNA testing. However, don’t expect any revolutionary results concerning race. Since race isn’t a biological fact, it’s really difficult- or impossible- to reveal it using DNA testing. The results could help us know a little more about his parents or his way of life. Maybe even his appearance. So perhaps it would be possible to make more accurate models of his appearance. So people could judge his features and decide whether he was black or mixed or brown. Remember, race is social. So whatever we may think of it, it’s not the same thing he thought about himself. His race was Egyptian. With regard to Diop’s thoughts: “It is remarkable that, despite its itensity, all this crossbreeding should not have succeeeding in upsetting the racial constants..This cursory review of the evidence of the Graeco-Latin writers on the Egyptians’ race shows that the extent of agreement between them is impressive and is an objective fact difficult to minimise or conceal…. Here are a few faces from Roman Egypt from the 1st century onwards” Fayoum Mummy Portraits http://www.egyptologyonline.com/mummy_portraits.htm There is another side to all this viz. that studying history in fact may paradoxically tell you more about the present than it does actually past, Something you spoke very well when you were speaking on bias (ie formulation of hypotheses etc). So whatever the findings?? It is still possible for the investigator to say he believes that Tutankhamun looks like a present day ‘Arab’ (or like Hawas) himself. Its possible he could say the King was Caucasian and/or Black irrespective if race is social, and there was a different concept to race back then in history. I think this is what people are waiting to hear… What will he say about the King’s appearance/identity/race etc from a modern 21st century perspective, irrespective of all the other ambiguities, if you follow?? I am one of those people who believe it’s impossible to tell “how black was Ancient Egypt” (or any its people), because, well, race didn’t exist in their time. What we think about Tuthankamon’s race is irrelevant to who he was and how he identified himself. It has nothing to do with studying Ancient Egypt. On the other hand, in today’s world, race issues are important, so various scholars will- no doubt about it- try to prove his race was whatever they seem appropriate (Black scholars will claim his DNA proves he was black, Arabs that he was brown (Middle Eastern), whites that he was white). You can’t really prove any of these claims false, because race isn’t a biological fact. I personally believe Ancient Egyptians looked like todays blacks mixed with Middle Eastern people- darker than Arabs (and certainly darker than “regular” whites- not that Arabs aren’t white, but you know what I mean), but lighter than blacks. But it means nothing, absolutely nothing, because race didn’t exist as a concept in their time. In their time, there were only two groups of people: people (Egyptians) and foreigners (and there were 3 groups of foreigners: Aamu (Asiatic peoples- mainly from Levant), Nubians and Libyans). Egyptians wouldn’t want to be associated with Nubians or Asiatic people (in today’s meaning of the word: blacks and Arabs), so in that sense, claiming they were “black”, “brown” or “white” is an insult to them and it’s anachronistic. “So whatever we may think of it, it’s not the same thing he thought about himself. His race was Egyptian.” Finally this point is very important and again raises the issues on perspectives. When we study ‘history’ (and we going back into that thing of social sciences)’. We are actually studying it from our ‘perspective’ and not from the agents we are studying So for instance there are some individuals who like to take the identity of the ‘Moors’ (ie 20th century conception) but failing to realise or know that the Moors helped to destroy the Ghanian empire (16th century reality). It can all be confusing sometime – but I think your point about him being Egyptian would be the correct definition, and one he would have given to himself if we could bring him here into the 21 century Oh what a tangled web we weave – Walter Scott I do not know if you are aware of the African centred position of some regarding the issue of ‘race’. Some would suggest ‘race’ is a reality but because of the destruction ‘race’ caused in World War 2 where Whites who up to then had suppressed the world on the basis of skin colour, now began supressing themselves. And also because of the study of Egyptology slowly moving from the position that Egypt was a Caucasian civilization, then to a mixed civilization and now it is tentatively moving towards that it is an indigeneous ‘African society’ no different to any other on the continent… Then these are some of the factors why some scholars want to move away from the concept of ‘race’. Since in a way its a manoeuvre to still deny the humanity of Black people and keep them out of the history books… on Wed Feb 3rd 2010 at 17:37:32 frustrated guy I think ancient Egyptians looked pretty similar to modern Egyptians. I am, in a way. For my last course on Ancient Egypt archaeology, I wrote a paper on Afrocentrism and its connections to studying Ancient Egypt. I don’t deny race and its impact for the world in the past few centuries. Ancient Egypt should be recognized as an African civilization, and black (and non-black) kids all over the world should learn about its greatness in more honest light. However, scholars (egyptologists, archaeologists, anthropologists, historians) should know better. They must know the difference between biological fact and social construct, for a start. PS-Asking right questions and re-examining old concepts about past is always a good thing. Take Ancient Greece (my filed of work) for example. It’s taken for granted that this was the first European civilization, its cradle, and the base for modern western civilization. But was that really true? Was Ancient Greece European (in today’s sense of the word)? No way. I am not saying people of Ancient Greece wasn’t Caucasian (despite some Afrocentric claims, there aren’t any proofs of them not being white)- but they weren’t European in today’s sense of the word, and they wouldn’t like to be associated with some barbarians (today’s UK, Germany, America…) on Wed Feb 3rd 2010 at 19:29:22 Jade J said:Then these are some of the factors why some scholars want to move away from the concept of ‘race’. Since in a way its a maneuver to still deny the humanity of Black people and keep them out of the history books… Can I say that Afrocentrics do not believe Greece is not a Caucasian civilisation. Their position is that prior to the Caucasian influx into the Aegan region Black/African types existed their first. However, the way Afrocentrics are projected as a monolith, and slightly skewed by Western academia. Its hard to get quite get a true representation of their ideas. Here is a link. i will be honest seen it before but I have not read it but I think this is the position of Afrocentrics (remebering as with any groups tehre will be differing strands) http://www.africaresource.com/rasta/sesostris-the-great-the-egyptian-hercules/the-black-greeks-by-prof-clyde-winters/ As for Greece having nothing to do with Western civilisation in the you describe, all I can say is that you are totally correct. Furthermore the Romans used to look down on Caucasians from France and Britain but yet we talk of a Graeco-Roman tradition for the West. What can be said for the Greece can also be said for teh West. The Western tradition in essece is Celtic. Roman tradition came in as colonialist/conquerors… Its all very confusing – when you begin to think on these levels. Forgive the typing errors above – still no good a multi-tasking ha ha ha…Please use your imagination to fill in the blanks and/or appropriate blanks on Mon Feb 8th 2010 at 10:01:58 Othello Compared to other blogs I have seen about the race of ancient egyptians this one has more mature arguments and everyone seems willing to learn new things, I know I have. Some of the blogs on ancient egyptians get really nasty and racist and made me sick, i hope these mature debates continue. On the race of the ancient greeks I am no expert on this topic but I remember watching a documentary on the minoans of crete. There are paintings of brownish red skinned men holding hands with pale european women. One of the rulers of crete was potrayed with reddish brown skin. These were not reconstructions but paintings found on the walls. To me the style of paintings resembled that of the ancient egyptians. On the race of the ancient egyptians I understand Mira’s point about not being familiar with the jim crow laws.What annoys me is when some(not all) white american historians do not apply this rule when determing the race of the ancient egyptians. It makes me question their intentions. Despite having a white mother, most americans consider obama to be black. In the table of nations, even though the egyptians are lighter than the nubians they are much darker than obama or tiger woods and would be classified as african american. I also like the comment Mira made about greeks history being claimed by western europeans. This is exactly what happens. In america greek immigrants were looked down upon in the 19th and 20th centuries but their ancient history was quickly claimed by anglo saxons. Most hollywood movies use anglo saxons to play greeks or romans why do they do that? Is it not a method of stealing other people’s history like they do with ancient egypt? on Mon Feb 8th 2010 at 11:12:43 Mira On the race of the ancient greeks I am no expert on this topic but I remember watching a documentary on the minoans of crete. Minoans of Crete were not Greeks and don’t have anything to do with them, except the fact Greeks adopted some of their culture. There are paintings of brownish red skinned men holding hands with pale european women. One of the rulers of crete was potrayed with reddish brown skin. These were not reconstructions but paintings found on the walls. To me the style of paintings resembled that of the ancient egyptians. Skin colour potrayed on paintings don’t mean much in determining one’s race, especially if you compare males and females in the same society. Males were always portrayed as darker; someone with “reddish brown skin” holding hands with “pale European woman” is not involved in an interracial relationship- it’s a woman of his own group. Most hollywood movies use anglo saxons to play greeks or romans why do they do that? Is it not a method of stealing other people’s history like they do with ancient egypt? Yes, but movies are not our main problem. When will British give back to Greeks many treasures they took from the Athens? Why would western Europeans and Americans claim Ancient Greece as cradle of their civilization, but still see today’s Greeks as somewhat inferior. Or, if you really want to talk about movies, why did Colin Farrel, of all people, played Alexander the Great? (Arguably, not a Greek, but he was horribly miscast. And then “some” people complained about actress who is part black playing Roxana). on Mon Feb 8th 2010 at 14:08:22 J This is one of the problems for Western history. How do you explain the continuity between Minoans of Crete and Greek civilisation. Notwithstanding the issue of where did the Greeks in fact originate from since they are not indigenous?? With regard to the issue of looking at paintings etc and deducing race, ethnicity (ie anthro-photo-history). There is a tradition within Western academia to deny the veridical representation of the portrait whenever it does not denote a Western ‘racial’ type e.g the red skin type of the Egyptian, the prognathism (ie protuding jaw) of the sphinx, the African plaits in the Olmec head. It is at this point the artwork becomes ‘symbolic’ etc. So this important fact cannot be overlooked on Wed Feb 17th 2010 at 18:14:49 J So the mystery is solved…well not teh one here perhaps. http://www.deseretnews.com/article/700006083/Egypt-to-soon-announce-King-Tut-DNA-test-results.html king Tut’s DNA is being tested. It does not appear well at least from this London newspaper that race was ever being tested. Tutankhamun: now we know who the mummy’s mummy was: Secrets of Egyptian boy king’s lineage and cause of death unearthed http://www.independent.co.uk/news/science/archaeology/news/tutankhamun-now-we-know-who-the-mummys-mummy-was-1901730.html …unless anyone else can provide us with further information… on Sat Feb 20th 2010 at 06:27:54 Cpt Ancient Egyptians are more or less the same as modern Egyptians. Yes, there has been a lot of migration into Egypt from outside since ancient times. But if you look at a lot of modern Egyptians, they have a distinctive appearance that is similar to the ancient drawings and sculptures. Assassinated President Anwar El Sadat, for example, had those type of distinctive features. As abagond pointed out, Egyptians definitely qualify as black under the standard American definition. However the links between the Nile Valley (Egypt, Nubia, etc.) and West Africa (where black Americans’ ancestors originated) are very tenuous. Afrocentric scholars who focus on Egypt are neglecting the history of other parts of the continent. I understand the appeal of ancient Egyptian history but there is more to African history than Egypt. on Sat Feb 20th 2010 at 09:54:22 Aiyo @Cpt I know Egypt has been so romanticised in the west. The BBC had a series called The Lost Kingdoms of Africa the explored places like Nubia, Ethiopia, kingsoms in West Africa like the Benin empire and all that if was a really nice documentary. The thing that was repeated in the series was that the Europeans could not belive that they all of these wonderful artifacts were made by the so called “primitive dark backwards Africans.” With regard to the late President Sadat he was a mixture of Nubian (mother) and Arab father). It has been said of him that he tried to negate his African/Nubian/Black identity on Fri Mar 19th 2010 at 22:38:11 Ankhesen You really think so? I’ve found otherwise. on Mon Mar 22nd 2010 at 16:34:46 poetess If the Egyptians are 40% black african and originated from the South in Ethiopia, I think the answer is clear. The Egyptians are, were, and have always been black. In fact, they’re as black as most African Americans I would say. I don’t know if any of you have seen the Tut exhibit, but I have. I was just a kid when it rolled through Seattle, but let me tell you the busts of the folk looked just like the black people I’d been seeing all my life! The lobby of the museum where they were selling the “look alike” merchandise of Tut however was a different story. Aqualine noses, pale skin. I was confused. Obviously there has been a concerted effort to downplay the “blackness” or Africaness of Egypt. on Mon Mar 22nd 2010 at 16:44:54 J Here are the comments Mira. Take Ancient Greece (my filed of work) for example. It’s taken for granted that this was the first European civilization, its cradle, and the base for modern western civilization. But was that really true? Was Ancient Greece European (in today’s sense of the word)? No way. I am not saying people of Ancient Greece wasn’t Caucasian (DESPITE SOME AFROCENTRIC CLAIMS)…” on Mon Mar 22nd 2010 at 17:05:13 Mira That is only one comment, lol. 🙂 I don’t see what’s problem with that. I never said “Afrocentrics claim Greece was black”. I said that yes, some do not consider Greek people to be white (Caucasian). Also, some (including me) do not consider Greek civilization to be “European” in the western sense of the word (while geographically, yes, Greece is an European civilization). I don’t understand what’s the problem here. The main “guilty as charged” here is Martin Bernal. True, the man never considered himself to be afrocentric, and as far as I can tell, you don’t consider him afrocentric either (is it because he’s white?) However, that doesn’t change the fact his ideas abut Egypt and Greece and considering history from African POV and can be view as Afrocentric. Do you mind if I ask, are you a scholar or a just a person interested in afrocentrism? It’s not the same. I’m saying this not to attack you, but because it really seems you don’t understand how afrocentrism or eutrocentrism or any of the humanities work. However, since you are interested in afrocentricm, I am sure you know Afrocentric is not a single movement or paradigm. Basically, all it means is “from African POV”. That’s all. (That is why some people suspect if black westerners, or Africans educated on the west/in western schools can truly be afrocentric). In any case, afrocentrism is, I am sure you know, not an uniform school of thought (thought you sometimes treat it as it is- same goes for eurocentrism). The topics discussed, methodology and conclusions are not uniform. What one afrocentric author says doesn’t have to be equal to what another afrocentric author says or claims. That doesn’t mean one of them is truly afrocentric while another is not. Also, while afrocentrism can be seen as political or ideological movement as well as scientific, I am only interested in the social science behind it, not politics or ideology (because our today’s ideology or politics are in no way connected with the Ancient world and archaeology). You, on the other hand, seem to be more itnerested in the other two aspects of it (politics and ideology). Nothing wrong with it, but it seems topics we are mostly concerned about are not the same. Hence, miscommunication. I am not going to go into the finer details of what you say, since I believe that will move us away from the essnce of our dialogue. The point I was trying to get at (as in my other post) is that many of those who are trained in euro-centred academia do not understand African centred thinking. I still believe this is the case, and so much of the critique lacks ‘academic rigour’, and also distortions of those arguments. Forgive me here like Afrocentrics suggesting Greek civilization is NOT a White/Cauasian phenomenon. As for Bernal he is attempting to show the connection between Phonecian (hence Semetic) and Egyptian influence on Western civilization. He says something more or less like this, if I can remember correctly, that up to a period of time (I think about 1800s) Western academia recognised the contribution of the aforesaid civilization as having a profound impact on Western civilization, even more than Greece. However, with the ‘Aryan model’, as Bernal calls it. It was necessary for the West to move to only historical connections with those who were categorically classified as ‘White/Caucasian’ and hence starting the West from Greece – but it was not always this way, according to Bernal. It is because of racism that it was necessary to create a Western histiography starting from Greece Bernal has described himself as NOT being an African centred scholar. However, because he suggested the Egyptians were ‘Africans’. As a result the mainstream believed he was suggesting that the Egyptians were ‘Black’. Hence they referred and classified him as ‘afrocentric’ and also to ‘demean’ him. The point I was trying to get at (as in my other post) is that many of those who are trained in euro-centred academia do not understand African centred thinking. That’s why I’d love to hear your explanation. (This is not sarcasm). I am aware this is not a good place for it, so we can exchange a few emails, if you like. Abagond can give you my address. I am serious. I’d like to hear more about it. But like you said, I don’t think this topic is the right place for it. Forgive me here like Afrocentrics suggesting Greek civilization is NOT a White/Cauasian phenomenon. I didn’t understand this. As you know, I am not a native speaker, so I really don’t have a clue what you’re saying here. Could you explain? Not only that, he argued there were colonists from Egypt (and Levant) that colonized Greece. While he never (as far as I can remember) explicitly said whether Egyptians were Caucasian or not, he did say they colonized early Greece. If you believe Egyptians weren’t Caucasian, this means Greeks weren’t either (they were mixed). Nothing wrong with being mixed, and nothing wrong with Greeks being part African- however, here’s the problem: we can’t find any proof of those colonizations. Cultural influence, yes. But not colonization. Exactly. According to him, in the past connections with Egypt were known and acknowledged. (He calls this “Ancient model”). But because of racism, colonialism and imperialism (since 18th century) European scholars either denied any cultural impact from Egypt, or acknowledged it, but claimed ancient Egyptians were white. Bernal has described himself as NOT being an African centred scholar. However, because he suggested the Egyptians were ‘Africans’. And what else could they be? Last time I checked, Egypt is not located in Scandinavia. Also, last time I checked, no “Aryans” (in lack of a better term) colonized Egypt in those days. What I do believe Egyptians weren’t as dark skinned as Nubians, but that doesn’t mean they were white. After all, no all black people have the same skin colour. As for Bernal not thinking of himself as afrocentric- that doesn’t mean he is not afrocentric. Nothing wrong with that. on Mon Mar 22nd 2010 at 17:45:45 Herneith ‘It was necessary for the West to move to only historical connections with those who were categorically classified as ‘White/Caucasian’ and hence starting the West from Greece – but it was not always this way, according to Bernal. It is because of racism that it was necessary to create a Western histiography starting from Greece” Speaking of which J, have you read the book; “Ancient Egypt in Africa”? I purchased the ebook version and have read the chapter by Bernal. Just started reading it. If you haven’t here is a link: http://www.download-it.org/learning-resources.php?promoCode=&partnerID=&content=story&storyID=18520 http://www.scribd.com/doc/25007028/Ancient-Egypt-in-Africa Only this much Herneith http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=Zn3ViO-Vj-4C&dq=egypt+in+africa+book&printsec=frontcover&source=in&hl=en&ei=g62nS9fdE4700gS2tfXUAQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=12&ved=0CDAQ6AEwCw#v=onepage&q=egypt%20in%20africa%20book&f=false Go to the second link I gave you. You can download the book in full. Thanks Herneith! From the abridged parts from the link I gave you ,this looks like a very good book. Good in the sense that it is at the forefront of the ‘paradigm (theory) change’ regarding Egypt/culture etc and this is from a Western centred perspective. I hope the rest of the bookwill prove to be as interesting. With regard to your points Mira. 1. Most Euro-centred scholars have NOT in fact studied the African centred position. What they have done is merely to object to the fact that Blacks are claiming what White people behaves is theirs. Its not an academic issue but one of ideology 1b. This is why African centred ideas are often mis-construed (irrespective if there are many variants). It is in the interest of the ‘powers that be’ to mis-construe and ‘mis-represent’ African centred perspectives, like Blacks were the founders of the classic Greece civilisation 2. As for Bernal I don’t think he is arguing that Egypt colonised Greece (again the type of ‘mis-conception). He suggests there was ‘contact’ between Egyptian/Phoenicians in the Levant region citing the historical records. So for instance the Greek alphabet is derived from Phoenician alphabet. 3. With regard to what else could the Egyptians be? History reveals to us that they are the ‘White Hamites’ who managed to create EVERY SINGLE civilisations on the African continent because Blacks were incapable (sic) 4. Bernal said he is NOT afrocentric because he is NOT an African centred scholar. It is not his really his aim to show that Egypt is a Black civilization. Hope this clarifies I downloaded a couple of more books while I was at it, LOL! I got the same impression from reading the Bernal article in the book. This is what happens when ‘conservative’ whites write ‘afrocentrist’ books. http://dienekes.awardspace.com/blog/archives/000114.html I read this book a few years ago and found it interesting to say the least, notwithstanding, the author is a conservative writer otherwise! http://www.amazon.com/Black-Spark-White-Fire-Explorers/dp/0761507582 The people on the blog refer to him as an under-cover Marxist! There is no such thing as bad publicity! To bad those posters on that blog do not realize that! on Tue Mar 23rd 2010 at 00:16:48 J I have not read ‘Black Spark White Fire’, one of my friend said it is a ‘good’ read. I see you disagree?? And what books were you downloading please. I’d like to take a look too…?? I enjoyed reading the book! The first link is to a blog responding to this book. The irony is that the author is a conservative writer otherwise. Yet they have accused him of being an under-cover Marxist! I guess they find his premise threatening. I would recommend this book. As for the other books I downloaded? ‘Ancient Perspectives on Egypt’, ‘Never had the Like Occurred”-Egypts view of its past. Don’t laugh, the John Carter of Mars series from Edgar Rice Burroughs. There seems to be tons of books, articles, thesis, from that site. Oh, I forgot, I also downloaded an article about ancient Nubia/Cush being the precursor for Ancient Egypt. I believe that archeological digs are starting to prove this. It is no coincidence that the built the Aswan Dam thereby destroying many sites! Thanks, I will have a greater look at those link now… I was caught up reading Ancient Egypt in Africa, and trying to read between the lines… Indeed the findings of Bruce Williams at the Oriental Institute do seem to corrobate that Egypt has its origins in Ethiopia (ie Inner Africa/Nubia) Even Diodorous Siculus Greek historian wrote that the Egyptian are colonist sent out by the Ethiopians and some of the Egyptian culture is derived from there I just had a look at the blog – ‘funny’ And I read the first three reviews of the book: The first review was interesting because the reviewer rightly states Egypt did not become Arab until 7 AD which is over 2,500 years later of continuous history… I just skimmed over it and the words under-cover Marxist jumped out at me. They levelled this as an insult the same way some call anyone who espouses Ancient Egypt as a black civilization as afrocentric. It is as you state, Bernal doesn’t consider himself to be an afrocentrist. However, let the evidence speak for itself. The poster who said that the Arabs didn’t arrive in Egypt until 7 AD, tell that to Hawass who claims that they were there since Egypts inception! LOL! The Ancient Greeks referred to Africa as ‘Ethiopia’. “The poster who said that the Arabs didn’t arrive in Egypt until 7 AD, tell that to Hawass … and also some commentators here that keep referring to present day Egyptian/Arab population as a gauge to the past… he he sorry!! I do agree with your comments about Marxist, but what interested me is with what passion (here read disgust) that these posters wanted to disassociate themselves from Blacks. Well, given the history of the region, I wouldn’t be surprised if they had some black admixturehowever small coming from the Ottoman Turks, or is it the Arabs? Maybe to them the two are mutually exclusive. Now ownder Turkey is having a hard time getting into the Eupopean Union. If the Greeks have their way they won’t! Forgive my typos. The typos is fine…he he This is what I did not understand “…I wouldn’t be surprised if they had some black admixturehowever small coming from the Ottoman Turks, or is it the Arabs??” Since the Ottoman empire spanned a huge land mass: I was joking a little there. But seriously, there must have been admixture between the Turks and the Greeks, much the same as between the Mongols and the rest of the people in the Mongol Empire. Those clowns on that blog know this and are pi##ed off about it, LOL. Ahh I see…Thanks!! on Wed Mar 24th 2010 at 10:51:44 J Can I ask you a question – and hopefully I am not being like Thad ha ha ha – So that should give you a clue to my ‘intention’ in asking the question? So at least you have bene forewarned… Do you believe the ancient Greeks were White/Caucasian, and if so why? If not why not?? And how would you classify them personally?? on Wed Mar 24th 2010 at 12:06:04 Eurasian Sensation One thing that kinda bugs me is the assumption that the Egyptians had to have one dominant homogeneous phenotype. (As in, black, white, half-black and half-white, etc). I see ancient Egyptians as being a mixed population, not just in the sense of looking like mixed black-and-white, but that there may well have been all kinds of degrees of admixture. Particularly if you consider that Egypt links two land masses, so there was probably a fair amount of movement back and forth. Consider also, the kind of people called “black” in America today – it includes people who look like Prince or Alicia Keys and people who look like Wesley Snipes. That’s quite a range of phenotypes and genotypes – “black” is in this sense more about social construction rather than genetic classification. I imagine ancient Egypt would have contained a variety of people, some looking like Southern Europeans, some looking like sub-Saharan Africans, and probably most looking more or less like modern Egyptians, perhaps with a little more “blackness” in their phenotype. Another thing to consider is the descriptions of Egyptians as being “black” by writers of other ancient cultures. While it may well have been an apt description, consider also that in many parts of the world, “black” is a term used for people who are not black in the sense that Americans would necessarily understand it. Maori in New Zealand have often been referred to as black, as have Indians and Pakistanis, even thought their skin colour is often quite light. So the term “black” when used by light-skinned people can sometimes refer to people who are darker than they, but by no means very dark. South Asians often refer to themselves as “brown” in contrast to “black” people; yet many South Asians are much darker than “black” people. Just some stuff to consider. Eurasian, With regard to the issue of race, we must NOT conflate our categories of today with that of the past. For instance in the past the population of the Indian sub-continent were considered as Ethiopians by the Greeks. Today they would NOT be classified as such. Nor would someone of Indian descent today classify himself as such, and probably many would never have been aware of such politics. When we speak of a mixed Egyptian population, we are often caught up in Eurocentic thinking, that Blacks only have wooly hair and full lips. However, some of the Blacks of Ethiopia, Somalia are also Black too, even if they do not fit the stereotype. As for the opulation of SE Asia it is agreed that the Semang (Malaysia), Aeta (Phillipines) who are ‘Black’ were its irst inhabitants long before the ‘Mongoloid’ population. Finally on the issue of race, even though it may be a ‘superfluous’ term. It is possible, in my opinion to say the Egyptians looked like ‘White Canadians’, ‘Black Barbadians or ‘Han Chinese” and so forth And just one other thing. just to complicate matters there are Blacks Sudanese ‘darker’ than most Blacks who do NOT see themselves as African but rather Arabs. Its our job to weave our way through all of the aforesaid To EurasianSensation — Thus the “Black Irish” are the true Irish before the invasion of the Vikings… though they were never truely “Black”, but had darker complexions and dark hair, etc… on Wed Mar 24th 2010 at 13:57:30 abagond Eurasian Sensation: I did posts on the Aeta and Negritos: https://abagond.wordpress.com/2009/09/22/aeta/ If we being honest ColorofLuv and this is why I asked Mira my question, about whether the Greeks were Whites/Caucasians?? All we can say, especially if we begin to use the ‘hardline semantics’ that is applied to the populace of Egypt elsewhere to ‘world’ and in particular ‘Western history’ is that the Irish are descended from ‘Celts’. There is no ‘proof’ of them being ‘White’, ‘dark’ etc that I know of, or perhaps you may want to correct me here. It is ‘naturally assumed’ they are ‘White’, etc To J – I agree with you. I am not aware of “proof”, but I will do some digging. I believe it is a matter of semantics. I will try and get some more info. Also been looking more into the Scots-Irish. (Found out there not the same as the “true” Irish either, but I digress before derailing another blog.) As for the Greeks, Southern Europeans, Meditteranean ‘folk’, if one could play social experiments in time: Plop any random segment of population from any particular ethnic group, from any given area, at any time in history – into the Jim Crow south, my bet is that”Southern Segregated” america would categorize said group as indeed “Black”. — I mean, we all came out of Africa and share the same forefather, right? If specific phenotypes recognizable today only STARTED appearing 20,000 years ago, then ………….. ? Bernal did say Egypt and Levant colonized Greece. At least in “Black Athena”. I am not sure if he changed his opinion on this later, but yes, he did propose two types of contact between Egypt and Greece: influence and colonization. I agree on the influence, but colonization? I am afraid we don’t have any proof on this, nor did he have any proof. Egyptians never wrote anything about it, and they were never shy of talking about lands they colonized. Also, there’s nothing in the material sources that can be taken as a proof of colonization. The only source we got are, in fact, Greek sources (mainly Herodotus), who wrote about Egyptian colonization. But archaeologists were unable to find anything to support this. Herodotus is a very valuable source, but as a historical source, he’s pretty unreliable. The value of his work is more in the area of anthropology and ethnography. And now about the Greeks. Ancient Greeks, like Egyptians, lived in a time when race as a social category didn’t exist. Therefore, calling them “white”, “black”, “mixed” or whatever is anachronistic. Greek made distinction between “us” and “them” based on language. If you didn’t speak Greek, you were a barbarian (usually read as: lesser being). There are, however, two notable exceptions: foreigners who were, technically, barbarians (didn’t speak Greek language), but were considered “civilized” (not the word they used, but hope you understand what I mean): Egyptians and Romans. But if we try to determine race of Greek population as viewed today, hmmm…. Well, geographically, they are in Europe. If there was any significant mix from Africa in the past (after the general “out of Africa” in prehistory), we don’t know about it. Maybe there was, but like I said, I am not sure if I buy Bernal’s argument about colonization. On the other hand, there are more evidence of colonization from the north (Balkans), so I think we could say Greek people were Caucasian. To me, Caucasian means white, but I’d say they were not “Aryan” (blonde, blue eyed, really light skinned) Caucasians. They were, I guess, more of what is considered (even today) “Mediterranean” or “dark Caucasians”. As far as I understand, some westerners argue whether those people are truly white or not. (But like I said, to me, all Caucasians belong to the same race- white). If we take a look at their art and the way they represent themselves- well, it can be used as a proof- or not, depending on how you see it. First of all, we don’t know if they tried to present themselves realistically. Sometimes, the style used determined the colour of the figures (on pottery, red pottery with black figures had figures painted black. But hair and beard was, in that case, painted red/light. Other style, light figures on dark were light with dark hair and beard). There’s no indication those weren’t the same people. Personally, I imagine them as Caucasians. (dark Caucasians). Hair thick and dark, dark eyes, olive skin. If there was some African blood in them, it wasn’t recent to make them biracial (in a way of one black parent or even grandparent). For some reason, I don’t think they look that much different than the modern Greeks- which might not be a good approximation. However, we know what colonial westerners thought of them (Greek people in 18th and 19th century)- they were dark. They were not black, but they were way too dark to be considered acceptable. In the colonial days, when west became crazy about Ancient Greece, and Ancient Greece became “cradle of European civilization”, many westerners visiting Greece (then under Ottoman rule) were disappointed to see those “dirty dark ugly Greek peasants”. It’s impossible that those people were true descendants of those noble, white Greeks that gave us philosophy, art and civilizations. So, those dark peasants, westerners thought, are not true “children” of those noble Ancient Greeks- we are! So they stole monuments and took them to England or wherever because they thought they belong to them, not to Greek peasants (who were unable to say no, because they were under Turks who didn’t care about those monuments). As for “Jim Crow” test, I have no idea. It’s better to ask Americans whether those people could pass for white or not in the South during the Jim Crow era. Thanks Mira, I am just going to keep it brief: The problem though is if we utilise the ‘hardline semantic’ as regarding Egyptian populace then I think it is ‘impossible’ to say what ‘race’ they (the Greeks) belong to?? Especially when you go a bit further and note that the Greeks are derived from the Hellas (Hellenes) but we do NOT know much about these people. Whether Greece is in Europe or not I believe is ‘unhelpful’ in deciding if they are White/Caucasians As for the word ‘colony’ ‘colonialist’, ‘colonisers’ of the Aegean region. I do not think Bernal has the idea that the Egyptians ‘colonised’ these areas as say the English ‘colonised’ Australia. Personally I thought it was readily accepted as a ‘fact’ that there was a Phonecian/Egyptian presence in areas like the Aegean etc that without a doubt had an ‘influence’ on Greece “Discoveries of scarabs and other Egyptian objects made at Mycenae, Ialysus, Vaphio, and others. with the 18th Dynasty (ca. 1600-1400 BC). While in Egypt itself, Refti tributaries, bearing vases of Aegean form, and themselves similar in fashion of dress and arrangement of hair to figures on Cretan frescoes and gems , are depicted under this and the succeeding Dynasties (e.g. Rekhmara tomb at Thebes). Actual vases of late Minoan style have been found with remains of the 18th Dynasty, while in the Aegean area itself was evidence of a great wave of Egyptian influence beginning with this same Dynasty, such as the Nilotic scenes depicted on the Mycenae daggers, on fresco and other artefacts”. http://www.mlahanas.de/Greeks/History/AegeanCivilization.html Correct. It’s impossible to say what “race: Greeks belonged to. The issue of their race is anachronistic and can’t truly be discussed because it makes no sense. But you asked for my opinion, and since imagining ancient people (or historical populations) is not something I can prevent, I told you what image of them I have in my mind. I also answered about the image I have of Egyptians. Especially when you go a bit further and note that the Greeks are derived from the Hellas (Hellenes) but we do NOT know much about these people. What do you mean we don’t know much about these people? Are you referring to the original population of Ancient Greeece? Or classical Ancient Greek populations? We do know a lot about them. Well, “a lot” is relative, of course. We know as much as we do about other people. Where did any world population come from? Eastern Africa (as far as we know). But it’s not the point here, I believe. No, he did mean colonize, as: our people go there, take that territory, live there and mix with natives. So, the only difference I see is that English people weren’t so eager to mix with natives and the quantity- there were more English colonists than the Egyptian/Phoenican ones. Like I said, I don’t know if Bernal changed his mind about this in his later books, but that’s what he proposed in “Black Athena”. Yes. Egyptian presence in the Aegean is the known fact. But “Aegean” and “Greece” is not the same thing. Bernal wasn’t talking about the presence in the Aegean, but about the actual colonization on the north- as north as Black sea, and in Greece as well. Some of those colonies were Phoenican, but, according to him, there was also Egyptian presence in Greece. J, you seem to see “Aegean” and “Greece” as the same thing. It isn’t. Minoan civilization has nothing to do with Greece. Those people were not Greek. It’s not the same thing. Yes, Greece is in Aegean region and it is one of the Aegean cultures, but it began relatively late in comparison to other Aegean cultures. Also, Minoan civilization and Mycenae is not the same thing. Mycenae culture is considered to be the first Greek culture. And yes, there are plenty of evidence of contact between early Greeks (Myceane) and Egypt. It still doesn’t mean “colonization”, it means “contact”. Plus, colonization Bernal was talking about was (if it was) even earlier, before Mycenae. I am trying to take into account that we do not know much about the Hellenes and where they originate from. As the ancestors of the Greeks they would be one and the same ‘people’. However, this cannot be deduced from academia. Hence I am conflating many issues, Greece, Minoan civilisation – if they are viewed as a precusor of the Greeks. This is why I make reference to Aegean and the Greeks. So the essence of my point, although we may know ‘more about’ Greek civilisation 3rd century AD, but very little is known about their origins. Since there is NOT much detail on their origins, this is why I am alluding to Aegean and Levant (in an earlier post). This is the essence of the point I am getting at and not minute details on Aegean. And again with regard to Bernal. I thought he was charting the influence on Greece from around 1400 B.C up to Greek civilisation 330 BC, for Phoneician and Egypt to a greater extent, amongst other things. These are the issues before us and what in essence we are discussing Hope the above makes some sense since I am multi-tasking here – and not doing very well he he he We do not know much about Pelasgians, the first people that lived in mainland Greece. They were, presumably, autochthonous. At least that’s how later Greeks thought of them. They also saw them as “primitive” and inferior (which is not surprising- colonizers always say those they colonize are inferior). If Bernal’s theory of colonization was correct, Egypt/Levant colonized them (Pelasgians). If this is, indeed true, they could be part African. We are not sure if Pelasgians were Indo-European or not, we don’t know what language they spoke. We don’t know how they looked like. Meanwhile, there was strong culture on Crete (Minoan), as well as on the Aegean islands (Cyclades). Enter Mycenaeans. Those are the first Greeks- that is, first people who spoke Greek. They are considered to be Indo-Europeans. They appeared in the mainland in the 17th century BC (some say in 20th century BC)- for all we know, from the north. Where from north, we have no idea. Those people spoke Greek language and established what is known as Mycenaean civilization in the Bronze Age. Those are Greeks that fought against Troy. They established strong connections with the East and South (Levant and Egypt). They were pretty strong till about 1100. What happened then (beginning of the Iron Age) is the main theme of my research. It’s particularly interesting because historians and archaeologist disagree on what was going on. Historians base their research on written sources, and talk about Dorian invasion from the north that happened around 1100. Wild Dorians came and destroyed Mycenaean centres. Dorians were inferior in culture to Mycenaeans so it was a bad time for Greece. First of all, they were illiterate. So writing didn’t exist in that dark age. When there are no written sources, historians are unable to say anything, because they work with written sources. And there was none. So, they say, it was a dark age. All contacts with East and South were lost and it was a horrible time. Archaeologists disagree. They work with material sources- and there are plenty of material sources in the Iron age, that show that this time was not as horrible as once looked. First of all, they started producing iron weapons (working with iron is not easy). Also, it was the time society changed in a way that made later city states (that classical Greece is famous for) possible. Also, it is the time Homeric poems were shaped, and along with it large corpus of Greek mythology. And guess what- contacts with East and South were not completely lost, they were different. Later, around 800 BC we see more and more contacts once again. And another thing- emergence of Greek alphabet, heavily influenced by Phoenican. But it was not the same as the first Greek writing, Liner B even though the language was the same (well, not the same of course, Mycenaean was early Greek, but still Greek language). Sorry for this long info. I just wanted to point out the difference between Pelazgi, Minonas (from Crete), Mycenaeans and classical Greeks. Minoan civilization is seen as a precursor of the Greeks- but according to who, you might ask? Eurocentric scholars. They see Minoans, who were neither Indo-European (for all we know) nor Greek (we do know) – as some sort of “early Greeks” or something. This is not the best way to go. Minoan civilization is one thing, Mycenaean is another. Those are not the same people. Thanks for the wealth of information. I would just add with regard to “Enter Mycenaeans. Those are the first Greeks- that is, first people who spoke Greek. They are considered to be Indo-Europeans” Not every one accepts that they are Indo-Europeans and if we use the same ‘hardline semantic’ as with Egypt. It cannot be demonstrated otherwise that they were in fact so. And as for Linear A and B scripts…One of those scripts has not been deciphered as of yet??. There are some scholars who suggest that they may be not connected to Indo-Europeans language if I have remembered correctly Their language is accepted to be Indo-European. Since Indo-Europeans are usually regarded as “those who speak Indo-European languages”, Mycenaeans are regarded as Indo-Europeans. Their language is proved to be early Greek. They are first Greeks. And as for Linear A and B scripts…One of those scripts has not been deciphered as of yet??. There are some scholars who suggest that they may be not connected to Indo-Europeans language if I have remembered correctly. First things first: You are correct, one of the scripts has not been deciphered as of yet: Linear A. Minoans (from Crete) used it. We still don’t know anything about their lanugage and the script they used (Linear A) has not been deciphered. Because we don’t know their language. And as far as we know, it was not Indo-European. Mycenaeans spoke Greek and used Linear B script. They formed the script with the influence of Minoans (and Linear A), but they used it for their own language (Greek). Just like they later formed their alphabet using Phoenican one to write the same language. Linear B was deciphered in the 50s and it was proved it was used to record an early form of Greek language, but Greek language nevertheless. Minoans (Crete)-> Linear A script- non Indo-European language- not deciphered Mycenaeans (Greeks)-> Linear B script – Indo-European language (Greek)- deciphered Perhaps the dialogue may make me have a look at all these differing issues once again Sure. 🙂 Unfortunately, I think we’re getting a bit off topic here. Maybe Abagond could write “how white (black) was Ancient Greece” post, so we could discuss this further. Meanwhile, here’s and article called “Black Greeks” I found. I am still reading it, so I have no idea how scientific/afrocentric/eurocentric it is, but it talks about Bernal and I can see several example of pottery with black figures (argued to present black people, I assume), so let’s take a look at it together: http://clyde.winters.tripod.com/chapter6.html (Once again, I have no idea what it is and I still don’t have my opinion on it- will have to read it first). Personally I don’t think we are getting off topic at all and this brings me nicely to my point, viz. If the same ‘hardline semantic’ that is used for Egypt is then applied to Western civilization (including Romans/Etruscans). What will you find that it is ‘impossible’ to classify these peoples as ‘White/Caucasian’ It is the ‘hardline semantic’ (along with the antecedent of racism) that makes it so difficult to classify Egypt as a Black/African civilization like any other on the continent, and for Abagond to ask the question ‘ How Black Was Ancient Egypt’ as many others have asked also. However the hardline semantic is never reversed with regard to Western/White civilizations (mutatis mutandis) With regard to Clyde A. Winters, I had sent you a link regarding him already on this page. His work is very African-centred I don’t remember the link! Are you use I said I’d read it. I guess I missed it- I’ll try to find it. I already said it’s impossible to classify Ancient Greeks as white. I don’t see any problem with it. The more interesting question I ask here is- whether it was an European civilization? Geographically, the answer is simple- it was. But in other meanings of the word? The next thing wee need to ask: what is considered to be an European civilization? Geographically European? Established and practiced by white people? Or western civilization? In practice, many people see it as “western” civilization- which makes no sense. How much today’s western civilization is based on Ancient Greece is besides the point. It tells nothing about the actual Ancient Greece. In that sense, Greece was a culture that had many important contacts with both South and barbaric North. As for a blog post, “how white was Ancient Greece” would be an excellent idea. I already said it. And don’t think people didn’t ask this already- like I said, 18th century Englishmen didn’t really see modern Greeks as particularly white or worthy to be children of such a superior civilization as Ancient Greece. And back to the link I gave. I didn’t read the whole article (I have to finish it before I form my opinion), but for now, it looks like a mess. A mess with good intentions, perhaps, but still a mess. Person who wrote it can’t tell the difference between Minoans and Mycenaeans and images he used as an examples are taken, it seems, randomly, from different periods (one example is from 15th century BC, then another from 8th century, then again one from 12th century). You can’t do it like that- either present them chronologically or following another principle, but a principle. All in all, this is the first thing that caught my attention: The Eurocentrists attempt to prove there was “considerable cultural and linguistic continuity from the twelfth century to the eight century BC” ,in the Aegean . Yet there is no way it can be proven that Indo-European Greeks have always been in Greece. This view on the continuity between the Linear B Greeks and later Greeks held by Lefkowitz is disputed by Hopper who noted that ” after all, so much which characterizes Minoan Crete seems wholly alien to later Greece, despite the efforts of scholars to detect ‘continuity’ ” . Slow down, slow down. One thing at a time. There is argued to be considerable linguistic continuity because language was the same. Culture wasn’t- that’s the whole point. Also, they say “is no way it can be proven that Indo-European Greeks have always been in Greece.” Of course there is no way. In fact, there are proofs that Greeks were NOT always been in Greece, they came later. This is not a mystery or a less known fact. Also: “disputed by Hopper who noted that ” after all, so much which characterizes Minoan Crete seems wholly alien to later Greece, despite the efforts of scholars to detect ‘continuity’ ” – doesn’t make any sense. Of course Mionan Crete was “alien to later Greece”- that was not the same culture! Mionans were not Greek, those are not the same people, and I don’t know why author of the article thinks Minoans are Greek. With regard to Greek being a European civilisation, how can it be classified as such when the Europe had NOT even existed then. If anything Greece was tied to Africa via Egypt and the Middle East With regard to your position on the ‘race’ of te Geeks. You had already given your views of what you thought they were White/Caucasian. So would you like to clarify?? Finally as for the part you cited and quoted from C.A. Winters. I have not read the article, but what you quoted I had alsways thought that was the Euro-centred position. Obviously not everyone who is Western/euro-centred would off course adopt this position, but some would. I do not see anything wrong with what C.A Winters has cited in this respect. He is quoting what HE believes is the position of Eurocentred scholars – but this is NOT his position. And I read the C.A Winters piece, from my little knowledge on the subject I do not see much wrong with it. You will see also that CA Winters disagrees that Bernal is also an Afrocentric point. My point on raising this whole subject today is to show if the same ‘criteria’ is extended to Greece as it is/has been for Egypt. Then it would be impossible to say anthing about the race and/or phenotypes of Greeks, Roman, Irish etc (mutatis mutandis) True, that can be said too. Europe didn’t exit. Still, if we want to classify it geographically by today’s standards (which is usually done), we can say Greek civilization was located mainly in Europe. But not just in Europe, since there were cities on other continents. But yes, you are correct, it’s impossible to say Ancient Greece was European since Europe did not exist. Of course. Those were more civilized (so to speak) parts of the world, not the barbaric European mainland. Still, Greece had many contacts with barbarians as well. But it is also besides the point, since Africa and Middle East didn’t exist as concepts back then. No, I said I imagine them as modern Greeks, more or less. It’s not something I like (imagining ancient people), because I consider this to be counter productive. But it’s not something I can consciously prevent. Also, what I know about Greeks, and what I see in their art doesn’t conflict with that image, so it stuck, I guess. Finally as for the part you cited and quoted from C.A. Winters. I have not read the article, but what you quoted I had alsways thought that was the Euro-centred position. […] I do not see anything wrong with what C.A Winters has cited in this respect. He is quoting what HE believes is the position of Eurocentred scholars – but this is NOT his position. I understand it’s not his position. I don’t know if he misinterpreted Eurocentc scholars, or he chose to cite authors who know nothing about the subject- but there are many huge mistakes in the passage I cited. Material errors, such as implying Minoans were Greek. Yes, I understand that: he doesn’t see Bernal as Afrocentric, because Bernal said it was Semitic Hyksos those who colonized Greece. But as far as I remember Bernal (and I am sure I do remember him), he also argued other Egyptian influence and colonization on Greece, not just Hyksos. Whether he thought Egyptians were black or not, I don’t remember. My point on raising this whole subject today is to show if the same ‘criteria’ is extended to Greece as it is/has been for Egypt. Then it would be impossible to say anthing about the race and/or phenotypes of Greeks, Roman, Irish etc (mutatis mutandis) Of course not. It is impossible to say anything about race of the Greeks, and their phenotypes (genetics) can only be guessed or argued (usually using art). But that is all. But what we should ask here is not “were X black/white” but “why is important to determine if X were black/white”? PS-It’s late now, and I didn’t have time to finish reading the article, but I’ll do it and post my comments here. on Thu Mar 25th 2010 at 00:28:29 J Just to say Africa (in the sense of Egypt) and Persia/Iraq or by whatever name you want to call them did exist. When I say Europe did NOT exist then I am referring to the geo-political entity. This is the essence of my point. With regard to Greek civilization much of it is influenced by Phoenicia and Egypt and this was the ‘impetus’ of their civilization. NOT other areas of Europe which did not have that ‘high culture’ at that time. I am not sure of your point that the ancient Greeks look like modern Greeks, since modern Greeks are ‘White Caucasian’ as you describe, when you said: “On the other hand, there are more evidence of colonization from the north (Balkans), so I think we could say Greek people were Caucasian. To me, Caucasian means white, but I’d say they were not “Aryan” (blonde, blue eyed, really light skinned) Caucasians. They were, I guess, more of what is considered (even today) “Mediterranean” or “dark Caucasians”. And on the issue of Cleopatra there were at least 7 ‘Queen Cleopatras’ in Graeco-Egypto history Africa as a geo-political entity didn’t exist. Egypt did exist, in what’s called Africa today. Persia didn’t exist back then (it came a bit later), in what is today’s Iran, not Iraq (and spread from there). civilization. Nobody denies influence (or contact). But I am not so sure about actual colonization. There’s no proof of it. What’s confusing about this? I said that we don’t know much about the earliest (neolitic) populations in today’s Greece, but we know about people from the north who settled there later. Those people were, as far as we know, Caucasian. They spoke Indo-European language. They didn’t live there from the beginning, but they mixed with the natives and they created Mycenaean civilization. There’s evidence of later colonizations from the north. All of this happened in Bronze and Iron age- much before the classical Greece which is the most famous. Also, I said I imagine them as Caucasians, more or less like today’s Greeks. This might not be a proper image, but it’s the one I got. Greek art doesn’t conflict with this view. How do you imagine Ancient Greeks? How about Egyptians? True, but when we say “Cleopatra”, we mean on Cleopatra VII, the last ruler of Egypt. Just for clarification: The origin of the word Africa is still a little uncertain, but it is credible to see a connection from Latin (Africa = sunny) and Greek (Aphrike = not cold). The Romans were the first to use the name. “Africa” – a great and problematic word http://crawfurd.dk/africa/word.htm “How white was Ancient Greece?” would make a wonderful companion post. And again for further clarification: Persia (in the Sept. persis, in the Achæmenian inscriptions Parsa, in Elamitic Parsin, in modern Persian Fars, and in Arabic Fars, or Fâris) was originally the name of a province in Media, but afterwards — i.e., towards the beginning of the fifth century B.C. — it became the general name of the whole country formerly comprising Media, Susiana, Elam, and even Mesopotamia (viz Iraq) Too be honest I am NOT so sure mate… Its your blog mate…but I am free to voice my opinions As for Persia: Persians did expand their rule on Mesopotamia (and, in some periods, Anadolia and Egypt), but generally considered, “Persia” was today’s Iran, not Iraq. And btw, Persians were also Indo-Europeans, not Semites. I already know this is my blog. I am asking why YOU think “How white was Ancient Greece?” is not a good idea for a post. As for Persia: Persians did expand their rule on Mesopotamia (and, in some periods, Anadolia and Egypt), but generally considered, “Persia” was today’s Iran, not Iraq. And btw, Persians were also Indo-Europeans, not Semites Just for clarification we are speaking if the term existed or not in ancient times. I posted the refernce to show that they had… As for Persia being Indo-European. If we are not merely playing with words (here terma). the issue of the ‘problem of language’. What you will see is that Elam (or specifically the region of Persia/Iran or by any other such name) was NOT Indo-European depending on what period of history one is referring to. Its a similar thing with Mesopotamia that ONLY became ‘Semetic’ around c. 2,400 BC With regard to your question Abagond, before I logged on to your page I thought I would give you a reason of my position. Only to find you had already asked the question and clarified your own position. I guess I must have been ‘defensive’ in my outlook, when I responded the way I did. No-one really believes that Greek civilization was NOT White/Caucasian phenomena. Its only through a ‘manipulative distortion’ of Afrocentricism that individuals might believe that African centred scholars are suggesting that ‘Greek is NOT a European civilization’ I think if you did the blog it would be a sort of ‘tautology’. it could well be the equivalent of creating a blog about ‘King Alfred Plan’ and discussing as if it is ‘TRUE’ but NOT as the ‘URBAN MYTH’ that it is. I hope this has clarified somewhat… Perhaps if you are keen to do a post on it. Then comments made earlier could give you something to work with ********However the hardline semantic is never reversed with regard to Western/White civilizations (mutatis mutandis)***** So you could ask the following: What if Westerm/euro-centred academia applied the same ‘tests’ such as there is no such thing as race, the artwork not being representative, words having a different meaning in the past and so forth to Ancient Greece, would they be able to identify it as White/Caucasian civilization?? Now this question/issue would be more on point, in my opinion and also reveal the disingenuousness of the processes at hand Right, that was my thinking. And in addition the history of Greece’s whiteness, something I think Herneith commented on: it was not till the late 1700s that anyone thought to even call Greece “white”. And add into that the experience of Greeks in America in regard to race (though maybe they did not have much trouble because Italians came before them and helped to extend the meaning of “white” into the darker hues). … But I doubt that any Greeks who lived in America in the late 1700s were regarded as white as Plato and Aristotle in the minds of people like Jefferson. And again to make the issue more confusing when we speak of ‘Greece civilization’ we are speaking of a conglomerate of people divided over city-states like Sparta, Alexander the Great father was not born in Greece but Macedonia With regards to your comments Abagond I think this time period falls into the category of ‘Nordic and/or Teutonic supremacy’. When the Western world following Gobineau began to classify ALL Whites people by race prior to that only people with color has that ‘privilege’ bestowed upon them In essence, you are right: we should determine what “Greece” means first. That’s the first mistake Winters’ made in that article. But you are wrong about Macedonia: Macedonia isn’t in Greece. It’s never regarded as Greece. Macedonia was not a city state. Alexander was not Greek, he was Macedonian. Well, his father was Macedonian and his mother was from Epirus. None of them was Greek. Macedonians adopted Greek culture, but they were not Greeks. So whenever you talk about Hellenism and Hellenistic period, you are, in fact, not talking about “Ancient Greece” in its general meaning of the word. Now, about: However the hardline semantic is never reversed with regard to Western/White civilizations (mutatis mutandis) This is not true. “How white was Greece” was a relevant topic (and I guess it still is), but it was concluded, like in the case of Egypt, that is impossible to apply modern notions of race into the past since “race” is not biological- it’s a social construct that didn’t exist back then. In that sense, the only thing we can argue is whether particular ancient group would be seen as white TODAY, but even that doesn’t mean much, since different cultures have different ideas about who’s white and who’s black and who’s brown. Like I said, it is concluded that is impossible to identify Greece as White civilization. It is not a secret, or a controversial issue. And about Persia: True, Elamites were not Indo-European. But when I said “Persia”, I meant on Ancient Persia (Achaemenid Empire), since I thought we were talking about that period of ancient history. And in addition the history of Greece’s whiteness, something I think Herneith commented on: it was not till the late 1700s that anyone thought to even call Greece “white”. This is interesting and probably has a lot to do with the way westerners view “whiteness” and who is truly European and who is not. Like I already said, western Europeans did not see modern Greeks as “one of them”- not just “one of them”, but not even “descendants of Ancient Greeks”. Race is, as far as I know, never mentioned, but modern Greeks were not seen as “fully European and worthy of Ancient Greece”. Westerners (WASPs) had (have?) this twisted image of Ancient Greeks as being noble, wise, and, well, white. White not like your average Greek (Mediterranean type), but – I don’t know- white as marble, white as WASPs, I guess. If you see their culture as cradle of your civilization, you will start imagining them as yourself (your people), because you believe only your “kind of people” are intelligent and superior. I don’t know about Greeks in America, whether they were regarded as white or not- it is interesting to hear more about it. All in all, I believe “How white was Ancient Greece” is an interesting idea for a post. Obviously, there’s a lot to discuss about it (even though we all know the answer: “it’s impossible to determine and the question is anachronistic”). I’ll save my longish analysis of the article “Black Greeks” for “how white was Greece” post, I just want to say a few things here. First of all, it looks like the article in question was not written by Winters, but by someone who has absolutely NO idea about ancient history & archaeology, and can’t tell the difference between Minoans and Mycenaeans, don’t understand who Pelasgi were, etc. I don’t think Winters would make such a mistake. Article was written by someone who is trying to present Winters’ work on black Greeks, but who doesn’t know anything about Ancient Greece. That’s why the article looks like a mess. J, you said it made sense to you, but with all due respect, you don’t know much about Ancient Greece either. Trust me, it’s a mess. I’ll give you an example: say someone in the future decides to determine whether Americans were white. But as a proof, he takes evidence from 1000 BC till 2000 AC. And treat all those people as “American”. So he could take some Native Americans and say: these people are not white, so I must conclude Americans were not white”. Time span used in the article is not that huge (3000 years), but it is huge (several centuries). In those several centuries various groups of people lived in mainland Greece. Some of them were not Greek. And now, this is the most important thing: Winters argue Pelasgians were not white, nor Indo-European. His idea is interesting- and possible. We don’t have much proof either way, but it’s not impossible. Maybe Pelasgians were, indeed, black. But the thing is: Pelasgians were not Greek. Nobody says they were, and nobody claims they were Indo-European. Also, the article seems to skip Mycenaeans (first Greeks) altogether and jumps to classical Ancient Greece instead. This is incorrect. Once again, I guess that’s author’s fault and lack of knowledge and not Winters’. Not to mention they argue whether Socrates was black, as if he was Pelasgian. Even if Pelasgians were black, they were not Greeks. Greeks came from north and were, presumably, Caucasian. They mixed with Pelasgians and, if they were black, the offspring was mixed. But Socrates came 10 centuries later. That is one thousand years later. Unless someone of his near ancestors was black, he could hardly be described as black on the account that thousand years ago black people lived in Greece. I don’t think even the most rigid one drop rule could go that far. Thanks Mira!! Just to say I think you may be looking at things from the wrong angle It is Western histiography that states that Alexander the Great ie Macedonia is tied to Greek civilization. And to a large degree this is what the C.A Winters article is doing, in my view. It is taking the ‘accepted position’ in Western academia and/or what he thinks it may be, and then showing why it is problematic but from an African centred perspective. This type of analyses whether the Greeks can be classified as ‘European’ is a novel idea but it does not fit in with what has bene taking place over the last hundred years or so. And I do not think we should lose sight of that even if the argument is true. And what would be non-western views on this? I mean, Macedonians did adopt Greek culture (more or less). That is not an issue. They were not the same as Greeks, and the level of “adopting Greek culture” is something we could discuss. The article is not saying anything about Macedonians. The focus is on early Greece, and the period several centuries before the rise of Macedonia. Winters’ views are interesting, but this article represent them in a really bad way, because I am sure it was written by someone who knows nothing about Ancient Greece. This type of analyses whether the Greeks can be classified as ‘European’ is a novel idea but it does not fit in with what has bene taking place over the last hundred years or so. Of course. This view of Greece is relatively new. Still, it can’t be said (like you argued) that scholars NEVER talk about it. They do. They do today. If you want to say they didn’t discuss this in the past, this is true. But nobody argued whether Egypt was black either. Afrocentrism as a school of thought didn’t exist. A lot of things were different in social sciences a hundred years ago. If all goes well, “How white was Ancient Greece” will come out tomorrow. I am discovering that I already have plenty of thoughts about it just on my own. With regard: “They do today. If you want to say they didn’t discuss this in the past, this is true. But nobody argued whether Egypt was black either. Afrocentrism as a school of thought didn’t exist. A lot of things were different in social sciences a hundred years ago”. ‘Afrocentricism’ as a concept may be tied to the U.S but ‘African centred thinking’ is a lot older than ‘Afrocentricism’ by hundred of years and even back then, ie over a hundred years ‘Black scholars’ were suggesting Egypt was a Black civilisation. This very point is even alluded to in the link you provided with C.A Winters And again still on this issue. You suggest However, you have not identified as yet what actually is ‘Ancient Greece’?? So I am not quite sure I understand the point here. Thanks for the clarification! Unfortunately, I didn’t get that from the article, like I said, I found it messy. Thanks for clarifying. Oh yes, sorry. Ancient Greece is an ancient (lol) civilization that lasted for several centuries: from about 8th century till 146, when Romans made Greece into a province of their province. Some people argue Ancient Greece, in fact, existed only till late 4th century, when Macedonians came (and joined Macedonian and Greek culture is called Hellenistic). NONE of this applies to periods Winters discuss. He talks about earlier period, several centuries before. This period is, in fact, the time Greece was formed and social structure transformed. The rise of city state (in 8th century) and Greek alphabet are usually seen as starting points of Ancient Greek civilization. However, that doesn’t mean the culture just appeared out of nowhere one day in 8th century. What happened before (in Greek prehistory) is very important. My work mainly focuses on Iron Age (that lasted from 12th till 8th century- the very period in which social structures slowly formed). I meant “Romans made it into their province”, not “province of their province”. 🙂 on Thu Mar 25th 2010 at 16:33:30 no_slappz Westerners (WASPs) had (have?) this twisted image of Ancient Greeks as being noble, wise, and, well, white. White not like your average Greek (Mediterranean type), but – I don’t know- white as marble, white as WASPs, I guess. Yes, of course. This is a topic that’s a regular among whites pondering important matters. Pretty much every day. If you see their culture as cradle of your civilization, you will start imagining them as yourself (your people), because you believe only your “kind of people” are intelligent and superior. It seems your analysis does the opposite — it explains why virtually no black nations have embraced the timeless ideals of democracy and other developments attributed to Greece. However, based on your explanation and from the efforts of many others to redefine Greek civilization as a society that was at least partially black, you are suggesting that if only the word would spread that Greeks were black then the black world of today would get onboard with all these ideas that have been co-opted by whites. Okay. Whatever works. Are you aware of the fact you’re quoting me, not abagond? However, I am having problems still following the sequence of logic, of teh point you are getting at,, and things like C.A Winters article does not show African centred ideas have not been around for a long time, when it did. Anyhow, please correct me if I am wrong when I say the following is in ‘essence’ the Western position regarding Greek culture civilisation, heritage etc?? 1. Western histiographia/world claims ‘cultural descent’ through Greece 2. Western histographia/world makes a ‘cultural link ‘between what preceded Greek civilisation and Greek civilisation per se 3. In essence there is no difference between the precusors of Greek civilsations and Greek civilisations because thy are one and the same people, White/Caucasians No?? Were you aware No_Slappz that if you study ‘democracy’ in Greece, you would find thet it only applied approx to 10-15% of the populace?? Most of the citizens of Greece were ‘slaves’ – and I think I am using the term in its correct context, up to at least 80% quoted by some sources Oh. Okay. So it seems you are now devaluing the importance of democracy and the significance of Ancient Greece because the nation was selective about who benefited from it. Amusing. I am just telling you a historical fact that you were probably NOT aware of. And that you are conflating terms of ‘democracy’ which carries us back to the heart of the essence. What is the ‘veridical’ representation of the past?? Just to say we are not all like you here out to score petty points. No, you are correct, I was wrong: Winters showed African centred ideas are not new. It was my fault- I didn’t get that from the article. You are correct. Though I must add ever westerner (Eurocentric) scholars questioned that view (presented in 1,2,3) and today it is concluded not everything was the way it was believed. But those opinions (1,2,3) are still very popular, especially outside academic circles (among general population). If nothing else, the whole European identity is based on #1. Correction: “I must add NEVER (not ever) westerner (Eurocentric) scholars questioned that view”. I never said that. Average Joe doesn’t really care about anything that doesn’t concern him, and Ancient Greece is not really important to anybody, is it? That doesn’t change the fact scholars from 18th century saw Ancient Greece as white civilization. That view is later populated so even kids in school learn it. It shapes the way people see Greece, even if they don’t think about it much. What part of my analysis? Also, note that I said westerners saw Ancient Greece as white, but not the actual, modern Greeks, who were too dark to be considered white at the time. if only the word would spread that Greeks were black then the black world of today would get onboard with all these ideas that have been co-opted by whites. Well, you may read my replies any way you like- and if this is the way you want to see it, go for it. Ok, I don’t know what’s going on with me today. Another correction: “it’s NEWER not NEVER”. Maybe I should stop posting for a while. So tell me why black governments throughout history have overwhelmingly rejected the principles of democracy. What does THAT have to do with anything I wrote here? Many- scratch this- MOST of white governments throughout history have overwhelmingly rejected the principles of democracy. So? Many- scratch this- MOST of white governments throughout history have overwhelmingly rejected the principles of democracy. I see. So the answer is embarrassing and that has led you to some version of the Arab Trader sidestep. Since everything on this site relates to the state of the black world today, the question is relevant. Moreover, as an entry to a post on the blackness of Egypt and Greece, it is especially relevant. Why have the democratic and other intellectual principles that arose in Greece been so painfully absent from subsequent black history if blacks were part of the brains behind them? Elaborate. What “other intellectual principles” that arose in Greece have been “so painfully” absent from subsequent black history? I guess you argue it’s white race what made Greeks develop democracy and “other intellectual principles”. So, if white skin is all you need to have to develop all these wonders, tell me: why most of the white cultures didn’t have democracy and “other intellectual principles”? If whites are, you know, that superior and all? However, just as many black Africans are different shades of brown and possess different features, not all whites are Nordic (blond hair, blue eyes). Mediterraneans count as white too. Plus, you’re right: we are getting off topic here, especially now that we’ll have a post on Greece. Nice evasion. Actually, rather weak. I’m keeping the question simple. Why have blacks failed to develop stable governments? As far as the other principles attributed to Ancient Greece go, you know, the logic stuff, the basic science and math. It boils down to the fact that if the African continent were to have disappeared below the sea any time in the last 3,000 years, the world would have lost nothing of intellectual significance. No, you’re asking why blacks didn’t develop democracy. Then I guess you are unfamiliar with math, science, astronomy etc. that was developed before Ancient Greece, knowledge that Greece adopted. If you are not familiar with history we can’t talk. Educate yourself a bit and then come back to discuss. If you type <i>Hello, world!</i> it will come out looking like this: <em> and </em> also work. My comment policy has some tips on that kind of stuff: on Thu Mar 25th 2010 at 19:15:52 Ankhesen Here’s what I find hilarious. The so-called “ethnic Egyptians”–as in, descendents of the originals–are still alive–much like America’s own Native Americans. These self-proclaimed “black Egyptians” look quite “black”–black skin, curly hair, you name it. They consider themselves black. And yet not once on here–aside for the link I posted earlier–has anyone stopped to say, “Gee…why don’t we ask them what they think?” Not the Arabs who arrived in 7 AD–we already know what they think–but the people still living in Egypt in 7 AD who were colonized and effectively pushed into the background. How come no one here is trying to track them down and get first-hand information from them? Abagond, maybe you should do another post. Maybe. I will look into it. My understanding is that there has never been a large-scale genocide in Egypt like there has been in North America. You are a determined sidestepper and evader. You now define temporize and dissemble. Okay. Then answer your own question. But more accurately, I do not care who gets to claim the credit for originating democracy. I am more interested to know why it has been so absent from black governments. bay area guy, It seems you are missing the obvious. Why has white and asian intellect developed and successfully applied itself to many of the challenges of existence while black intellect has not? Here in the modern world knowledge is free. There is prosperity. As a result of that prosperity, people from all over the world have worked hard to spread all the free knowledge to those who live in Africa in the hope of relieving the misery. Why is it so hard? Singapore went from an asian backwater to one of the wealthiest nations in the world in 40 years. Considering the abundance of knowledge, technology and human willingness, the transition from primitive to modern should have become much easier. But in Africa the transition is barely evident, and in some ways things are going backwards, thanks to the demented work of muslims. Then I guess you are unfamiliar with math, science, astronomy etc. that was developed before Ancient Greece, knowledge that Greece adopted. Oh yeah. The assimilation of knowledge is clearly a sign of curiosity and intelligence. However, based on your comment, it seems you want to minimize the Greek influence by suggesting they got all the goods from others who preceded them. On the basis of your thinking, Einstein has to give up his claim to his Theory of Relativity. Oh please, you are way worse than Mira. Mira is an honest person who is trying to understand. You are neither honest nor trying to understand. The Africa thing and the white inventor thing has been explained to you several times, but you prefer to wallow in your racist wet dreams. You are a waste of everyone’s time. Here is an interesting site — food for thought. http://www.historyofmacedonia.org/AncientMacedonia/greekmyth.html J – dare I say your afrocentrism is rubbing off on me. (Its probably safe to say that the Greeks were not homogeneous in appearance and more than likely a mixture of the Egyptians along with other surrounding influences.) Did you have this mind? Thanks for the article- it is very, very interesting. Of course, one must understand that “ethnic purity” here means “ethnic as ethnic group” not “race”. Modern Greeks strongly base their identity on two principles: Ancient Greece and Byzantine empire. They see themselves as descendants of both and are very proud of it. They strongly dislike when someone else (for example, western Europeans) try to “claim” Ancient Greece for themselves. That’s why I find this hypocritical: Other Europeans have become irritated with the Greek myth of ethnic purity. But the same “other Europeans” are the ones who STOLE Greek monuments and CLAIMED their culture for themselves. Whether Greeks were genetically identical to Ancient Greeks is irrelevant here. Whether Greeks have right to claim Ancient Greece more than other Europeans is what is relevant. I’d say that, if nothing else, monuments belong to Greece and should stand in Greece. PS-All the people of today’s Balkans are a heavy mix. Mix of indigenous people, Romans, Celts, Slavs, Turks and anyone else who was here at the time (many people settled on Balkans and they always mixed with those who came before). That shows in Balkan populations- most of the people are mixed in this sense. It is a very interesting link you posted ColorofLuv. I am going to have a re-read of it again, since once again I am multi-tasking – and not doing very well. This link has summed up a lot of the problems regarding Greece, in a very succint way. Oh, God no…that’s not what I meant at all. If anything, it’s the reverse; so-called ethnic Egyptians supposedly make up 94% of Egypt’s population. Everyone’s just told to pretend they don’t exist. No, but thank you…I actually just linked to what I meant. Wonderful vid. Pay close attention to the anger, y’all. Not the Arabs who arrived in 7 AD Exactly. Before the onset of colonization from the Persians, Macedonians, Romans and Arabs and any ensuing admixture, the Egyptian populace was black. Remember, the victors write history not the vanquished, just ask Hawass! De Volney wrote of the native Egyptians as being black as the current inhabitants at the time attested to. De Volney wrote in the late 1700’s, early 1800’s. In the time continuum, that wasn’t very long ago. on Fri Mar 26th 2010 at 01:12:43 Eurasian Sensation “Oh please, you are way worse than Mira. Mira is an honest person who is trying to understand. You are neither honest nor trying to understand. ” That’s a perfect summation of what no_slappz is about. Him calling Mira a sidestepper and evader is definitely the pot calling the kettle black, except he would no doubt object to being called black. If I had as much free time as you appear to have – if I did not work and have children – then, you know, I could spend my days writing long anti-Semitic rants on your blog. And whenever anyone challenged me I could dismiss facts that did not suit me and apply bad logic and all the rest in order to “win” arguments. And then when people tired of debating an ignorant fool like me I could declare victory. And then continue to spam your blog with my rants. Why don’t you give it a try? @ J and Herneith, I think it is also important to remember that colonisation came not just from the north, but from the south as well. The Ethiopian empire of Aksum and the empires of Kush and Nubia (from northern Sudan) also controlled large parts of Egypt at various times. So I think it is too simplistic to merely regard Egypt as a black culture swamped by Caucasians; waves of both black African and Middle-Eastern conquerors would have left their imprint. Remember that across north Africa there are also pre-Arab indigenous peoples – the Berbers – who are predominantly Caucasian in appearance (though certainly with varying degrees of black African genes as well). Noticeably, the two Nubian gentlemen in that video, while certainly being “black”, have features that clearly display some Caucasian ancestry. Again, it shows a complex picture of ancient Egypt and the difficulty of placing people into clearly defined categories. Thanks Eurasian Sensation, I think it all depends on ‘perspectives’ which in effect determines how one views things. If one assume that there is only one type of ‘Black’ here think the ‘Negro type’. Then you can make reference to Nubians as having Caucasian ancestry. If one has an understanding that Blacks can come in all variations. Then talk of Nubian having Caucasian ancestry becomes a bit of a ‘misnomer’. As for Berbers, you also have ‘Black Berbers’ too as well as those classified as ‘White/Caucasoid Berbers’. This book and you can start from pp 37-38, attempts to give a definition and an origin of the term ‘Berber’ from an African centred perspective http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=1F9HPuDkySsC&dq=Golden+age+of+the+moor+van+sertima&printsec=frontcover&source=bn&hl=en&ei=6CCsS4agFIv00gSWpKiKDg&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=4&ved=0CBcQ6AEwAw#v=onepage&q=&f=false And as for the race of the Egyptians what Western academia has essentially done is to suggest that the only type of ‘Black’ is the ‘Negro type’. The Egyptian do NOT approximate to the ‘Negro type’ so therefore they cannot be’ Black’. This is one of the reason we can hear today, debates about Nubian skin tone being ‘quintessentially’ different to the Egyptians, and therefore could not be the same ‘race’ of people. Almost ignoring that there is already a diverse range of skin complexions on the African continent. I hope this has addressed some of the points in around about way And again just to show you how deep the rabbit hole goes. Black people in the Pacific Islands with blonde hair (and a phenomenon that is not related to Caucasian ancestry). I hope the link works http://www.gnxp.com/blog/2007/10/blondism-in-melanesia.php Wow. Thanks for the link. Some Australian Aboriginals also have naturally blonde hair independently of whites. on Fri Mar 26th 2010 at 04:05:30 Cpt There clearly is and always has been significant strains of Sub-Saharan (Black) African genes in Egypt. The only question is what genetic mix constitutes ‘black’ and what doesn’t. The answer to that question is a based on cultural biases. In the US they had blacks and whites mixing and they decided to have a ‘one-drop rule’. So people with predominantly European ancestry and features are considered black. In Latin America they decided that light skinned individuals with some African ancestry could be considered white. In the English and French-speaking nations of the Caribbean they decided that lighter-skinned people of mixed-race belonged in a separate racial category. So if anyone wants to put ancient Egyptians in a racial category based on their modern culturally-based view of race they can do that. But it is anachronistic. Youa re welcome… I am glad it worked ok on your pc on mine it nearly crashed my whole system ha ha. Since I cannot open the link from what I remember that picture of the young girl is from the island of Vanuatu (ie Melanesia), but you would be in a better position to see than myself ha ha And here is another quote: Blondness is also found throughout other parts of the South Pacific especially in Melanesia in high numbers such as in the Solomon Islands http://images.google.co.uk/imgres?imgurl=http://img.search.com/thumb/d/da/Vanuatu_blonde.jpg/180px-Vanuatu_blonde.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.search.com/reference/Blond&usg=__4U6HrfxBKzy6u4coqq_W1QY4n50=&h=245&w=180&sz=12&hl=en&start=2&um=1&itbs=1&tbnid=iJTPE_E37b1aDM:&tbnh=110&tbnw=81&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dblondism%2Bin%2Bvanuatu%26um%3D1%26hl%3Den%26rlz%3D1T4SKPB_enGB349GB349%26tbs%3Disch:1 I have tried to open the first link again. However, I could just partially open it and I got to only read about the first 5 lines. The young girl is NOT an Aborigine (ie from Australia) but originates from the Solomon Islands in the region called ‘Melanesia’ translated in meaning to be the ‘Black islands’ from the Greek melos denoting Black, and nesos meaning island. The second link shows a young boy againt NOT an Aborigine but from Vanuatu in Melenesia in the Pacific ocean @ J, from reading this thread I think everyone on it has a different idea of what “black” means in an Egyptian context! I agree that black Africans are diverse, genetically the most diverse on earth. But genetic studies seem to show that there has been significant movement back into NE Africa of West Eurasian genes. So while there is plenty of indigenous diversity among African phenotypes (eg. the San, the Nilotes, the Pygmies, Bantu) the “Cushite” phenotype of NE Africa is pretty clearly reflective of West Eurasian (“Caucasian”) influence. I’m not sure if this is counter to what you are saying, J. Btw I’ve heard quite a few Ethiopians rail against any suggestion that they are part Caucasian, as if that somehow makes them not really African. Studies show though that the West Eurasian gene has been in NE Africa for possibly 30,000 years, so that makes it pretty African. So you are saying there has been a Back to Africa flow of people over the long-term? Some people say that East Africans look more Caucasian, but I thought it was the other way round: it is Caucasians who look more East African because that is where they are from. The Jim Crow bus test: If ten pharaohs got on a bus in Birmingham, Alabama in 1950, how many would have to sit in the back? Or better yet: the paper bag test: If ten pharaohs went to a paper bag party (for light-skinned blacks who are lighter than a paper bag), how many would be turned away? The women at the top of the post certainly would not get in. ” … In the US they had blacks and whites mixing and they decided to have a ‘one-drop rule’. So people with predominantly European ancestry and features are considered black. In Latin America they decided that light skinned individuals with some African ancestry could be considered white…So if anyone wants to put ancient Egyptians in a racial category based on their modern culturally-based view of race they can do that. But it is anachronistic” There is one bit of the jigsaw puzzle that is missing. Irrespective of the system of slavery, what one can observe is that if Whites mated with Blacks, and/or Native/indigenous Americans during periods of slavery Those OFFSPRINGS were NOT classified as ‘White’. I think there has been a slight ‘conflation’ so as to reach the conclusion that it could be anachronistic to suggest the ‘race’ of the Egyptians You have hit the nail on the head and this is what is referred to as ‘euro-centred’, and it shows the importance of being able to ‘think outside the box’ As for genes flowing Back and forth. I tend NOT to get into that because it is the ‘outward appearance’ which is important. Since As Diop once said, on the genetic level, it is possible to get an African being closer to a Swede than say another African. Finally regard to Asia, Blacks were the first to populate that region, so I am not quite sure what scholars mean when they refer to a ‘West Eurasian’ genes, in particular when we are referring to phenotypes (ie outward appearances)?? J – sometimes I’m not sure I follow you. You say its about “appearances” and not genetics. However, fundamentally, if we are talking about Egyptians and the various African/Meditteranean influences – then population would have been diverse enough to have more varying degrees of both stereotypical (White/Black) features. (Note: use of the term White/Black is used loosely here since both are defined differently based on individual perceptions) My point being is that if as you say, “As for genes flowing Back and forth. I tend NOT to get into that because it is the ‘outward appearance’ which is important.” Then many Egyptians would not have been seen as Black in your eyes due to their “appearance”, while many others would, yet genetically they all would have been predominantly the same. You said, “Since As Diop once said, on the genetic level, it is possible to get an African being closer to a Swede than say another African.” I’m not following the logic if you are only giving credit due to a people if they “appear” a certain way. It they “appear” differently than your concept of “Black” as appearance, are there achievements no longer measurable – no longer considered Black? Eurocentrists tend tend to do this to “lessen” Black achievements historically throughout the history of Mankind; however, it sounds like you are doing the same thing from an Afrocentric perspective, in that if ones “appearance” isn’t Black enough, (even though the genetics are there) it doesn’t count. OUT OF AFRICA – I mean, the real dilemma lies in the fact that we are all out of Africa and share the same SINGLE forefather… Phenotypic differences that we see today didn’t start appearing until 20,000 years ago….. If you think about it, 20k really isn’t that long ago. Recent genetic studies I have read seem to confirm that while the initial migrations of modern humans were out of Africa, there was a later migration back from SW Asia into Africa. The first one was thought to be around 30,000 years ago and undoubtedly there’s been more since. It’s hardly surprising when you consider that there was so much going on in the Middle East, of course some Middle Eastern people were going to cross over into Africa. More recent migration back into Africa was probably what introduced grain agriculture into the Nile Valley. It is also notable that the Amhara of Ethiopia speak a Semitic language close to Arabic, different from the Hamitic languages of their neighbours (Somali, Tigray, Oromo, etc). So the Amhara would appear to be the product of migrants from Arabia mixing with native Ethiopians. The Caucasian phenotype would not have developed in Africa, since it is in large part a response to environmental conditions that don’t exist there. The early people who left Africa (and thus gave rise to all non-African peoples) would not have looked Caucasian; although they equally would not have looked exactly like modern Africans either. Interesting stuff about NE African genetics here: http://mathildasanthropologyblog.wordpress.com/2008/03/04/caucasian-africans/ sorry, still getting the hang of this html italics thing. I fixed them. If none of them is a Hellenistic (Ptolemaic) rulers, all of them. Of course, if we take as a fact that Greek/Macedonian person would be considered white. Or better yet: the paper bag test Same here. Or not. Would Greeks pass paper bag test? One note here, thought: the term “pharaoh” doesn’t equal “ruler of Egypt”. Only later rulers of Egypt (especially in the New Kingdom) were called pharaohs. Before them, there was more than thousand of years history of Egyptian rulers who weren’t called that way. This lady position is very euro-centred, nor does she believe in a ‘Black Egypt’ And agin therefore must raise the issues of ‘perspectives’ Mira – I had made some earlier posts on the same thing. Many Meditteraneans/Southern Europeans from today would not have passed the paper bag test. Now imagine the ones with coarser/curlier hair!!! In fact, if you play this “time/slip” scenario, many “Whites” today would not have been considered White in the earlier days of the segrated U.S South. (which is sadly all too much a part of recent history.) There is still this ‘ethnocentric’ tendency to formulate this debate according to U.S standards I think if you used the ‘Arab model’ for race, then the Egyptians could ultimately be any shade of skin under the sun. There is also another aspect to this topic in that talk of a Black Egypt and/or Egypt being an African civilisation is only a recent phenomena, in Western academia, and in fact slowly represents a recent paradigm shift/or theory change. For much of the study of Egyptology in Western academia has outrightly rejected any Black/African influences of Egypt from 1800s (with a few dissenting voices here and there). With regard to my own comments: And ag[a]in therefore must raise the issues of ‘perspectives’ I had a look at the blog and its just as I expected her to be “The Caucasian appearance of some Ethiopians is in a large part due to their Eruasian (here read NOT Black/African) ancestry”. “It is also notable that the Amhara of Ethiopia speak a Semitic language close to Arabic, different from the Hamitic languages of their neighbours (Somali, Tigray, Oromo, etc). So the Amhara would appear to be the product of migrants from Arabia mixing with native Ethiopians”. There are a number of issues here which are been conflated from the ‘perspective’ you are utilising vis-a-vis an African centred perspective. There had been interaction between ‘Arabia’ and ‘Ethiopia’ for many thousands of years, considering that the two regions are only separated by a relatively small stretch of water. However, there are some scholars who suggest if you go back in antiquity, you will see Arabia (or parts of it at least) as merely as an extension of Ethiopian territory. This is why it is suggested that the Queen of Sheba either originated in Ethiopia and/or Saba (ie Arabia) As for Hamitic languages this term is no longer prevalent, but I do understand the suggestion, which is also part of the conflation in my humble opinion. With regard to ‘Semitic’ languages. It is also suggested by some scholars like C. Ehret amongst others that the Semetic language in fact originated in Africa and spread to places like the ‘Middle East’. Just to say that Mathilda’s blog rejects this supposition. “The Caucasian appearance of some Ethiopians is in a large part due to their Eurasian (here read NOT Black/African) ancestry”. I would take that to mean that Ethiopians have both black African AND Eurasian ancestry. No serious anthropologist would say that they are not black African, but it’s also pretty obvious from genetic studies, and just by looking at Ethiopian faces, that some of their distant ancestors were of a SW Asian phenotype. Regarding the Arabian/Ethiopian connection: Let’s just take it as given that populations on the Arabian peninsula have been more Caucasian in appearance and those on the African side of the Red Sea have been more black. Regarding Semitic languages originating in Africa: The Afro-Asiatic family almost certainly does come from NE Africa originally. But the Semitic branch of it seems to have migrated out to the Middle East, which would make Amharic a back migration into Africa. on Sat Mar 27th 2010 at 16:01:19 J With regard to Ethiopians having Eurasian features. I think Mathilda’s blog is very clear about this point that she views Blacks as being of a certain type. This type of thinking reveals itself again in her blog about the Andamese although she refers to them as ‘Negritos’. she says “They look very out of place in the Indian ocean, physically they look a lot like pygmies, with jet black black skin, peppercorn hair and ocassionally steatopygous buttocks on the women. BUT AS FAR AS DNA GOES THEY ARE DEFINITELY ASIAN” http://mathildasanthropologyblog.wordpress.com/2008/04/08/the-jarawa-onge-and-sentinelese-of-the-andaman-islands/ And just one other thing when we speak of the movement of language it in fact tells us nothing about the ‘race’ of people using that language. With regard to Afro-Asiatic or Semitic language. It is believed by some that the Sabean (Arabia) script used in Aksum (Ethiopia) is derived from there. However, this is NOT the same as saying ‘Semitic language’ has its origin in the’Middle east’. The problem is that this information does not tell us whether it was derived from the Ethiopians that resided there, other Blacks, ‘Semitic people’ (if I am allowed to use and get away with this), or even Caucasoid in the region? Nor does it take into account whether the ‘Semitic language’ was taken from parts of N.E. Africa to the Middle East and then subsequently re-introduced back into places like Aksum (Ethiopia) etc This issue is highlighted in the quote below “…It is also not known whether the adoption of the language was due to an early pre-historic migration of peoples from across the Red Sea or due to acculturation as a result of Arabian conquest of the pre-Aksumite state or some other close association. In time the language became less like South Arabian and evolved through an intermediate language called Ge’ez into the modern languages of Amharic, Tigre and Tigrinya (Connah, 1987)”. http://ezinearticles.com/?A-Civilization—African-and-Arab&id=3305669 Well, basically, I agree with Abagond: I mean, isn’t that how it went? on Sun Mar 28th 2010 at 00:58:19 Eurasian Sensation what she says about Andaman Negritos is technically correct. In phenotype they look more like Africans than anything else. But DNA-wise, they are more closely related to Asians. Your point about the movement of language is very true and shows how it is tricky to talk about language as an indicator of population movement. One complicating factor about reading and interpreting Mathilda’s blog, or indeed any of the comments here including yours and mine, is that we are trying to come to conclusions not just about what the writer thinks, but also dealing with the way they are trying to explain it to the reader. I mean, in this conversation between you and I, we have thrashed out the meaning of “black” even though I suspect we were sort of on the same page all along. So bear in mind Mathilda is also trying to write for an audience and put it in terms they will understand. If a writer has to constantly qualify what “black” or “African” means, it becomes a clumsy read, so the writer will often assume their reader has a certain understanding of it, rightly or wrongly. As far as I understand it, no. Bear in mind that the East Africans who left Africa gave rise to ALL non-Africans. And it was a LONG time ago – we are talking anywhere up to 120,000 years ago by some estimates. And it is unclear how many such major migrations we are talking about. At that point, these people wouldn’t have looked Caucasian at all. If anything, they looked most like modern Africans, yet different – Africans that stayed in Africa continued to evolve and change in appearance. The people who left Africa first settled the coastal fringe of Asia and then Australia, then gradually moved inland. The phenotype we call Caucasian (or West Eurasian) would not have evolved until much later, possibly 30,000 years ago, in Europe or Western Asia. This would have been due to various selection factors, including the environment – dry and cold ice age environments would favor lighter skin, thinner lips and smaller nostrils, in contrast to the tropical people in Africa and Asia. I’m not sure why there seems to be an assumption by some on this thread that prehistoric migration was only in one direction – out of Africa. Clearly the initial movement of people was, but once non-African people started to get a foothold in SW Asia, it is only logical that they would spread out into the most accessible parts of the African continent – along the northern coast and down the fertile Nile Valley. This would have happened a number of times, including when the development of agriculture in the Levant caused a population surge and demand for new territories to farm. The drying up of the Sahara appears to have been an obstacle to population movements north and south. This would allow Caucasian genes to spread east-west with some ease, but not penetrate further south except in the areas along the Nile Valley. Likewise, black African gene flow to the northern coast was also limited by the expanding desert. Thus Egypt and Ethiopia were prime locations for mixed populations to occur. on Sun Mar 28th 2010 at 02:09:28 J Just to say that nothing could be further from the truth about the Andamese being ‘African’ by ‘race’ and Asian (with epicanthic fold) by DNA. This is the classic ‘euro centred’ rhetoric used by anthropologists in the past but re-jigged in a modern way. And I do not know if you are aware of the African centred position and theory of how Blacks populated the globe (including Asia)? Where the White/Caucasoid originated from?? Why it was necessary for them to originate?? The origins of the Mongoloid race and so forth. However, I would humbly suggest that you read those and then compare and contrast thae evidence that you have before you with waht you have learned from a euro-centred perspective. got a link to that African-centred perspective that you can recommend? (Save me a bit of time sifting through the net, which will have plenty of dubious stuff no doubt) I have no doubt that the people who left Africa and populated Asia were black. But if the Andamanese and say, Chinese, were descended from the same migration, that makes them more closely related to each other than to Africans. Since modern humans are most ancient in Africa, the greatest diversity in genetics occurs there. As I understand it, all non-Africans are more closely related to each other than to Africans, because they descend from one genetic type that left Africa. I was hoping you would not ask this question ha ha However, I will search the net (since I am reluctant to type from books) and do my very best to answer your request. put it down to me being a bit lazy and a bit busy. But also I’m aware that Afrocentric takes on scientific thought can run the gamut from reasonable to totally out-there whacko sort of stuff. So I’d prefer not to waste my time sifting through the latter, to get to the good stuff. 1. The dispersal of humanity across the globe – a tutorial and very handy tool http://www.bradshawfoundation.com/journey/index.html 2. African presence in Early Europe p. 306 a summary of human evolution in a very few words, and origin of races etc http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=JMY1p0t_bHoC&printsec=frontcover&dq=african+presence+in+early+europe&source=bl&ots=T-lC92lwHW&sig=c9s-J591L01c8w6P2kUbNtATmnk&hl=en&ei=Z9yuS_inOYei0gSChJGCDg&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=5&ved=0CBoQ6AEwBA#v=onepage&q=&f=false 3. A TV show split into many shows . You will have to watch it all and fit the jigsaw together http://www.youtube.com/results?search_query=incredible+human+journey&search_type=&aq=1 4 . Origin of Whites see p. 152 http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=lkEizT86Kq8C&pg=PA111&lpg=PA111&dq=Diop+origins+of+Whites&source=bl&ots=HC9gcP9YMI&sig=Vg-Qw2jk_llYKEabZWZymNFJWKQ&hl=en&ei=182uS9X_Foj40wTUq5WYDg&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=7&ved=0CB8Q6AEwBg#v=onepage&q=Diop%20origins%20of%20Whites&f=false 5. Origins of Mongoloid http://realhistoryww.com/world_history/ancient/China_2.htm 6. Finally in Africa? Egypt, from Diop to Celenko – discussing the issue of Caucasian influences and the issue of euro-centred thinking on Egypt – our dialogue http://wysinger.homestead.com/finally.html 7. Caucasoid subraces – Somalis (old anthropological view akin to Mathilda’s position) http://racialreality.110mb.com/subraces.html Here are some links. I am sure you are aware that its not merely a case of reading the links and ‘accepting’ or ‘rejecting’ them as the case may be. Its a case of undertaking a further and much longer journey of research for yourself. Sorry ColorofLuv, Just seen your post, “J – sometimes I’m not sure I follow you.. and so forth” I am not sure whether I can explain this or not?? Here we go, nevertheless The reason why genetics is NOT important is because as Diop said on the molecular level an African can be closer to someone in Europe, say Sweden which is a thousand miles away, than another ‘African’ who is on the same continent, a few hundred miles away. The problem with who are the Egyptian is that it is tied into the assumption that there is strictly only one type of Black person in the world, there are NO variants in the race ie ‘The Negro type’?? This ‘true Black/Negro’ is the only type that exist in the real world. So any time Western academia came across groups of ‘humans’ who looked ‘Black’, either in Africa or outside the continent. They could easily argue these are NOT Blacks, even if they may ‘appear’ so – is because the only yardstick is the ‘true Black Negro’, and nothing else I hope this makes sense, if not, take a look at Hope this has clarified somewhat on Mon Mar 29th 2010 at 02:07:22 Eurasian Sensation @ J: I haven’t had a chance to go through much of what you have linked. But let me say I first looked at the one about the origin of Asian peoples, and it wasn’t a good start. Some of the leaps of faith and logic in that article are so great that it undermines anything else that may be even closely related to the truth within it. A Japanese shogun being a black man? on Mon Mar 29th 2010 at 02:26:45 J …Then I humbly submit that I think you should forget trying to read any of the direct links I sent you. I sent you links with a precis what each link is about. If one is being o’pen-minded’. Then it should not have been that difficult to read those parts of the link which I have highlighted regarding the origin of races, evolution etc. Our topic of discussion was NOT about the discussion of the Black Shogun of Japan, whether real or mythology. If I had wanted to discuss this topic then I would have posted this link http://www.cwo.com/~lucumi/shogun.html and the we could have had a discussion. Thanks for notifying me that you had not yet managed to read any of the links yet. Honestly, I had NOT even seen that part about the Black Shogun, and I had to go through the respective links. It appears inadvertently, or otherwise that in an attempt to utilise the ‘fallacy of ridicule’. You have revealed inadvertently your sub-conscious/unconscious processes and more importantly that your ‘mind is closed’. This being the current situation then we both can stop the pursuit of our discussion on the evolution of races and what constitutes them, rather than some other topic which was never even part of the debate. on Mon Mar 29th 2010 at 05:56:11 The Great White Man Ancient Egyptians were not black, although Nubians ruled for less than a hundred years before they were pushed back down south. North Africa has always been caucasian, black people are from sub-Saharan Africa..bottom line. If black people want to celebrate ancient egypt as an African civilization then they are entitled to it..but if they want to celebrate AE as some sort of “Black” history then they cannot. Afrocentric Snake-Oil salesmen have brainwashed these self-haters into believing this crap..smh Just like mofos like Ivan Van Sertima, claiming Africans sailed the high-seas and brought civilization to the Amerindians and traded with them…SMH AND YET NOT ONE ISLAND OFF THE COAST OF AFRICA WAS EVER COLONIZED, EXPLORED OR IDENTIFIED, INCLUDING THE BIGGEST ISLAND IN THE WORLD MADAGASCAR..SHAKES HEAD* IN FACT THE CANARY ISLANDS OFF THE COAST OF WEST AFRICA WERE POPULATED BY WHITE NORDIC PEOPLE WITH BLONDE HAIR AND BLUE EYES CALLED THE GAUNCHES!!!!! WAKE UP AFROCENTRIC LOONS…REALITY IS CALLING!!! LMWAO Herneith is distorting ancient historical writings..SMH Just like all Afrocentrics..SMH Here is truth: Herodotus is actually very specific about the Ethiopians (black Africans) getting control of the Nile at Elephantine, and differentiates between them and Egyptians. “After this man the priest enumerate to me from a papyrus the names of other Kings, three hundred and thirty in number; and in all these generations of men eighteen were Ethiopians, one was a woman and the rest were men and of Egyptian race.”-Herodotus Other Ancient Greek and Roman quotes. The Ethiopians stain the world and depict a race of men steeped in darkness; less sun-burnt are the natives of India; the land of Egypt, flooded by the Nile, darkens bodies more mildly owing to the inundation of its fields: it is a country nearer to us and its moderate climate imparts a medium tone. Manilius, Astronomica 4.724 The appearance of the inhabitants is also not very different in India and Ethiopia: the southern Indians are rather more like Ethiopians as they are black to look on, and their hair is black; only they are not so snub-nosed or woolly-haired as the Ethiopians; the northern Indians are most like the Egyptians physically. Arrian, Indica 6.9 As for the people of India, those in the south are like the Aethiopians in color, although they are like the rest in respect to countenance and hair (for on account of the humidity of the air their hair does not curl), whereas those in the north are like the Egyptians. Strabo, Geography 15.1.13 Black people resided not in the Nile valley but in a far land, by the fountain of the sun. Xenpohanes (Hesoid, works and says, 527-8) … the men of Egypt are mostly brown and black with a skinny desiccated look. A little explanation required for this one, the term ‘brown’ means tanned. About 1/3 modern upper Egyptians would certainly have been called black by the Romans. subfusucli {“somewhat dark/swarthy”) Ammianus Marcellinus 22.16.23- from Black Athena revisited And finally, of lower Nubians: It was a market place to which the Ethiopians bring all the products of their country; and the Egyptians in their turn take them all away and bring to the same spot their own wares of equal value, so bartering what they have got for what they have not. Now the inhabitants of the marches (Nubian/Egyptians border) are not yet fully black but are half-breeds in matter of color, for they are partly not so black as the Ethiopians, yet partly more so than the Egyptians. Afrocentrism is bogus!!!!!! my comment wasn’t meant as disrespect, I’m grateful for those links. But I was also pointing out that in that particular link I mentioned, there is a lot that seems bogus. I can’t say that for the ones I haven’t read. But that particular one is very hard to take seriously. I am open-minded, but a necessary part of being open-minded is having the bullshit meter turned on as well – there’s such a thing as being too open-minded. Once I have a look at the others I may have different perspectives. on Mon Mar 29th 2010 at 09:58:30 Mira @The Great White Man You’re obviously a troll who doesn’t know much, if anything, about ancient history and archaeology. Still, I’ll reply to your posts, no matter how ridiculous they sound. Are you aware of the fact that Nubia and Egypt shared the border that changed throughout history? There’s no way one of them could be snow white and other black, when they’re neighbourhood countries. Sure. But where does this say “Egyptians were white” and “Ethiopians were black”? Same goes for other quotes. Noting physical differences is not the same as making division between races!!! Thanks Eurasian S, However, it still does NOT explain how we moved from the origin of humans, colour of their skin, emergence of other races, and how Egypt/N.E Africans came to be classified as Whites-Hamites/Caucasoid, and the issue of a Black Shogun?? Inadvertently or otherwise this is a ‘red herring’ introduced in the debate. Or at the very least a reflection of some other thought processes on your part. Since it is strange you never read the links but the one you did mange to have a brief look at at, did not even cover our topic matter – but rather the Black Shogun I did NOT take it as a disrespect to be honest. I just wished I did not tke the time to find the appropriate link, highlighting the necessary pages in some instances and a precis is what the link is about. If you see my original post. I am NOT trying to convince you of anything. My only position is that you are using and accepting ‘euro centred’ and sometimes ‘racist’ assumptions. However, you seem to be unaware of this possibility, whilst at the same time critiquing ‘Afrocentrics’ not on the merits of its theory, but by thome same euro-centred perspectives that you hold . So this is why I said: However, I would humbly suggest that you read those and then compare and contrast the evidence that you have before you with what you have learned from a euro-centred perspective. and to pre-empt your last post, I went on to say So I still stand by my position that perhaps its best if you do NOT read them. Since its not necessary to come back here to ‘prove’ and/or ‘disprove’ the theories correct. Afterall this is a chatboard, where the emphasis is more on rather ‘reinforcing’ existing ideas than it being a place of self-development and ‘growth’… on Tue Mar 30th 2010 at 13:41:47 The Great White Man Abagond..SMH I see you like to delete the truth. Nobody said AE were white!!! They’re north african caucasian Blacks come from the south….. North Africa has and always been CAUCASIAN!!! Wake up Afrocentrics…..Reality is calling If you are going to serve truth with name-calling, yes, I will delete it. I have a comment policy. Read it. on Thu Apr 1st 2010 at 05:53:45 The Great White Man Egyptians are not ARAB, not European nor sub-Saharan African…They are egyptians!! Stop stealing peoples history! on Fri Apr 9th 2010 at 17:04:15 J With regard to King Tuts DNA by Z. Hawass a few weeks ago. We were mistakened to believe was doing a test for racial origins. Press Release – The Discovery of the Family Secrets of King Tutankhamun http://www.drhawass.com/blog/press-release-discovery-family-secrets-king-tutankhamun on Fri Apr 9th 2010 at 17:59:30 ColorOfLuv A disappointment to say the least… Gee, I wonder why those results have been posted. Surely they are there. correction: “certain DNA results that have NOT been posted.” on Mon Apr 12th 2010 at 15:39:10 J on Sat Apr 17th 2010 at 19:26:22 Kirk Whites came from Adam. The rest are the Pre-Adamites here long before white folks. on Mon Apr 19th 2010 at 22:18:04 curlan campbell first i will start off by saying that it is wrong to falsify history and document it dishonestly,well this was certainly done by europian ‘whites’ .there is wide evidents that the egyptian in ancient times were black african so this really pisses me off when movies and TV shows display egyptians as ‘white’ . and another thing national geographic explorer should be ashamed of themselves portraying the same lie and stealing what is solely belonging to africans such as gold,statues and tombs of ancient egypt. i believe that this lie whould be revailed to all but until then i would do my part as being an african decendent to tell everyone of my people the turth about our rich history of beauty and power which was then is certainly now. power to the blacks. on Wed Apr 28th 2010 at 22:55:22 lynn what about the clothing. the Indians choice of clothing suits their look.Although some one white or black may try their choice of clothing it never suits them.its the same thing with the Chinese and the Africans. the colours the Africans use in their clothing brings out their skin colour and enhances it. looking at the colours ancient Egyptians used i think they were dark skinned. when white people wear the colours it doesn’t enhance their skin but the gold, brown and other earth tone colours on a black persons skin brings out the colour nicely. Try looking at a pic of the two races side by side in the same Egyptian colours and clothing and see which they suit best. also one should not compare ancient Egyptian people to the modern ones now as there are a lot of interracial marriages and movement around the world. the same way cultures around the world specifically choose clothing that enhances their skin tone and individual looks i think the Egyptians chose clothing and colours most flattering to their skin.as for why blacks aren’t as dominant as they were then is because of slavery we must also remember that Africa itself was naturally rich as well as the Caribbean, until the whites came fought and took away its riches and wealth for themselves and took some of the surviving as slaves.the slave girls were often raped producing the mixture of skin tones we see today. just as they are a variety of white skin so is it with the black as well. another reason why i believe they were dark skinned was how well they survived. black skin can stay in the sun very long without complications such as sunburn or skin cancer the same cannot be said about the white race and this had a lot to do with where they lived. on Fri Jun 18th 2010 at 08:02:36 Alan B'Stard M P Egyptians have never been black. Look at the ancient art and hyroglifics They were and are a semitic people, same as authentic Jews and Arabs, and dark featured, not negriod There would have been interaction between the two people’s at some level on Fri Jun 18th 2010 at 10:39:26 Mira For the 32453254325th time: 1) Ancient art has nothing to do with it. You don’t have to portray people realistically- and cultures often don’t. Egyptians didn’t. Not an interracial couple: 2) Race is cultural and not a biological fact. well i did say there was interaction between them. There wouold have had to have been as they shared a common border. They were semitic. not white My point is that you can’t tell anything about their physical appearance based on their art. And plus, race is cultural. Wrong on both counts. race is biological. You can tell a lot from the hyrogligifs as it’s a language on Wed Jul 7th 2010 at 04:33:56 classyshonna so, do you believe that all races originated in Africa? on Wed Jul 7th 2010 at 07:29:00 sam Quite honestly, I don’t think the acient egyptians gave this too much of tought. As a person who has been in Egypt and who has seen those small statues depicting both black and brown skinned soldiers in pharaos armies, I really don’t think they cared about such nonsense as race. I think what they saw as egyptian was egyptian, and what was not under their control, was not. The nubians, the desert people and whom ever. Habiru’s were once egyptians, even in stone texts and not only in bible (habiru, hebrews). Who ever took the pharao as his/hers king and ruler, was egyptian. Much like (in principle at least) anyone who takes the oath and passes, becomes american citizen. Here, once again, I see the american obsession on race at work. I might be wrong here but for me this looks just the same. Instead of talking abput egyptians, which they were after all, people ask; yeah, but what race??? Who cares? They were egyptians. And I think they both “black” and “white” and between. And classyshosanna, I know that all the human beings came originally from Africa. 1. On Mon 28 Dec 2009 at 16:56:28 J 2. on Wed 30 Dec 2009 at 22:04:37 jefflion 3. on Wed 30 Dec 2009 at 22:08:31 Mira So as I said it was because it as an ‘afrocentric’ perspective why you disagreed with it. In essence you are very similar to Thad who is always doing his best to fight down ‘African centred’ scholarship. And if one takes a precursory glance at the rest of your earlier comments. i think it is hard to refute that contention. And this is why I suggested on another thread the information is valid, but because of your ‘eurocentricism’ you cannot accept it, and hence why I produce facts that do not support my contention. Once again it would have been better, if you just came out and said so. However, there is the problem that ‘eurocentricism’ is the ‘only way’, and hence you could not say so – even if you wanted to. In which way was what I said against afrocentrism? Or let me rephrase that: in which way is claiming that Egyptians were the same as Nubians afrocentric? And Mira again: 1. on Tue 29 Dec 2009 at 16:31:00 dimples 2. And without you having the full evidence before you. You could surmise 2. on Tue 29 Dec 2009 at 17:43:43 Mira I can’t open photos on that site. 3. on Wed 30 Dec 2009 at 22:58:54 J With regard to (your comments): What I meant is that all we know about Egypt suggests that they didn’t see other people (Nubians, Libyans and Asiatic people) as one of their own. They were not Egyptians. End. Of. Story. This is why I wrote: Egyptians would never never show themselves identical to another, foreign people. Whether they were of similar or even “identical” physical appearance is irrelevant. It is important for us, today, but it was not important to them. They didn’t have races we have today in their culture. And everything we know about them suggest that they didn’t see Nubians as one of their own. WHY would they, after all? That’s why this interpretation of table of nations doesn’t make sense to me- why would they represent their enemies as one of their own? In any case, you didn’t answer what makes this new interpretation (correct or not) Afrocentric. Id this the “African-centered scholarship” promulgated by aryanist and anti-semite angry white man Michael Bradley, J? Or perhaps it’s the “African-centered scholarship” of that white Hungarian nimrod you’ve recently cited, y’know, the guy who belongs to the very afro-centric, almost completely white Revolutionary Communist Party? Or are we talking about the “African-centered scholarship” of the white supremacists over at Metapedia, who you’ve repeatedly linked us to as “authorities” on biological race? I ask because you’ll note that I’ve never once trashed an “afro-centric” author whom you’ve listed (but I suspect never read) who wasn’t one of those clowns. I DO have some beefs with Diop, but they’re nothing to do with his valorization of Africa. Rather, they take umbrage with some of his obsolete views regarding the birth of civilization (views which most people of his generation had, white or black). on Sat Jul 31st 2010 at 00:16:05 J The point which I am demonstrating that you are against many of the links I post because they are ‘African centred’ and nothing else. As for it being Afrocentric or not, I am afraid this is a rhetorical question. You have answered it already, when you said: on Wed 30 Dec 2009 at 22:04:37 jefflion “I am familiar with his work. I just wanted to read more about those “Table of nations” interpretations. Still doesn’t make sense to me, since it contradicts with everything we know about Ancient Egypt and all the other sources…[Here read from White eurocentred sources]”. Forgive me here, I am not sure I can comment that much because I am not too sure you are conversant with Diop. Except to be familiar with eurocentrics who are against African centred scholars and thimking per se. If I was to ask you how many of his books you have read, just like Mira, it would be nil. I am sure you are now going to suggest that you have read his full catalogue. And that is exactly why I asked you to show me what makes them African centered. Because you say so? Because you like them? There doesn’t seem to be a clear criteria here, since you sometimes post white supremacist links and call them Afrocentric. I asked you 2 times and you refused to answer a simple question: What makes this specific interpretation of table of nations Afrocentric? As for it being Afrocentric or not, I am afraid this is a rhetorical question. It’s not rhetorical, it does require an answer. You can’t claim I hate Afrocentrism if you can’t prove a specific idea or a link I disagree with is Afrocentric. And no, “because J likes it” doesn’t automatically make it Afrocentric. [Here read from White eurocentred sources]“. No, actually I was referring to Ancient Egyptian sources. And if these are white and eurocentred to you, J, it’s your problem, not mine. “And that is exactly why I asked you to show me what makes them African centered. Because you say so? Because you like them? ” No!!! because the scholar who produced the work refers to himself as an ‘African centred scholar’ within that ‘tradition’ Its as simple as that, and renders much of what you say here as mere ‘rhetoric’. Either way you are against African centred scholarship – and that was the point I wished to demonstrate from the other thread. I think I have shown that this is the case, and which is very interesting since it shows how pervasive ‘eurocentricism education’ is across the world And with regard to our various dialogues and even here. You have revealed much that could fall into the post: How to tell if a commenter is white pt 1 and 2 Hmmmmmmmmmm!! So, if I refer to myself as an African centered scholar, I can write whatever I want and you’ll be ok with it? Also, there are some people you link who definitely don’t call themselves Afrocentric. People who are, in fact, white supremacists, but you still like their ideas. Why you like to “side with the enemy” is beyond me. I am not against African centred scholarship. And you still have to prove it. You have to show me how not agreeing with you makes me against Afrocentrism. Just like you have to prove how following Ancient Egyptian sources is Eurocentric. From “how to tell if a commenter is white”: #1 They bring up purple people: they say it does not matter to them if you are black, white, green or purple. #2 They bring up the Arab slave trade. When and where did I bring up these arguments? on Sat Jul 31st 2010 at 01:05:03 Thaddeus Interesting. I’m not sure that you are conversant with Diop yourself, J. You talk a sweet line of bullsh##, but when it comes to any discussion of the contents of the man’s theories, you hop away like a little froggie. So Michael Bradley, a white guy who’s an avowed anti-semite and Aryanist, is an “afrocentric”, as is a washed-up Hungarian communist who’s working within a strictly Marxist and incredibly Eurocentric (not to mention Social Darwinist) view of Africa? And Metapedia is an afrocentric view on race is it? Because at various times, J, you’ve pointed out all of these authors and sources as “afrocentric” and, gee, I don’t recall either Bradley nor Metapedia referring to themselves as “afrocentric”. But hell, if that’s all it takes to be an afrocentric scholar – self-referal – I’ll start referring to both Mira and myself as afro-centric scholars from now on. Whatever your definition of “afro-centric”, we’re certainly more in that line than the Aryan supremacist Bradley or the ex-president of the RCP. :D:D:D:D Oh, and J? Just because you haven’t any higher formal education to speak of doesn’t mean that everyone who’s actually cracked a textbook or two is a “eurocentrist”. Your ignorance is no excuse to trash other peoples’ hard work. Cheers for taking the time to quote from the aforesaid posts. However, I am sure there are more than just two instances. Be that as it may, however, when you suggest that I am taking random theories, which accord to my worldview, and then call them African centred is bordering on the absurd. And could well fit in to the essence of the aforesaid two posts Even for you to think this is one thing and to vocalise it reveals so much too. Its a special type of ‘White reasoning’ vis-a-vis a Black person You mean on “how to tell if a commenter is white” point 1 and 2? You said my views (expressed in previous posts, I guess) show that. But I am not sure how purple people and Arab trade have anything to do with what we discussed here – or elsewhere – these days. And I’m afraid you don’t know either. I don’t think you take random theories, in a way you quote people whose book covers you like or something. I do, however, believe you are not educated enough in social sciences to understand terminology, methodology, etc. That is not a crime and that doesn’t mean you are not allowed to participate in discussions. However, if understanding archaeology (anthropology, history) is so easy, then why is specific formal education required for somebody to be an archaeologist? Also, I honestly don’t know what is your world view. You say you’re pro-Africa in one comment but then you talk favorably about Stormfront in another. Certainly less absurd than your claim that Aryan supremacist and anti-semite Michale Bradley is an afrocentric scholar. J, there is only ONE reason why you made this claim re: Bradley: you dug his “iceman” theory and were too ignorant to realize that it’s an attack on JEWS. Bradley never claims to be an afrocentrist. His theory is not in the least afrocentric. The ONLY thing that made Bradley afrocentric in your mind is that you like him and you know nothing about the history of racism. Anyone with half a functioning brain who was a sincere anti-racist, J, would start noticing things when Bradley started connecting judaism to this supposed super-evil Iceman race. Not, J, however. Hell, Nazis, anti-semites, Aryanists… They’re all welcome in J’s Big Afrocentric Tent because J himself doesn’t know sweet f&&kall about either Africa or history. I don’t think you take random theories, in a way you quote people whose book covers you like or something. I do, however, believe you are not educated enough in social sciences to understand terminology, methodology, etc. …and let’s add history, biology, genetics, ethics, political science, black history, revolutionary theory and Africa to that list. As far as I can see, what J knows about any given subject comes from reading review blurbs of books on the internet. Forgive me there is no retraction. You had the high-handedness to suggest: “And that is exactly why I asked you to show me what makes them African centered. Because you say so? Because you like them?” …which is an absurd suggestion for a commentator, who has supposedly come here in ‘wolf as sheep clothing’, as a friend to POC Much earlier, I referred to you as the female version of Thad. While cutting and pasting for my last post, I managed to see this comment for the first time. “…There doesn’t seem to be a clear criteria here, since you sometimes post white supremacist links and call them Afrocentric”. Need I say anymore, and why you had to ask the question?? “Where is Thad, and you doubt if anyone really missed him??” I am afraid your veil is slowly being removed Mira. Though strangely enough, as always on this blog, as we have seen with so many. Its their own words that ‘entraps’ them and eventually leads to their ‘demise’. Well, I was being sarcastic, yes, but only because that was the only logical explanation. And you still failed to explain how you choose your readings, what authors you trust, what ideas, what methodology you value. And you definitely didn’t mentioned books, articles and authors you DIDN’T like and authors you disagree with. Which makes me believe you didn’t read much at all. Please correct me if I’m wrong. When did I say I was a wolf in a sheep clothing? But it’s true, isn’t it? Remember a discussion a few weeks ago (I can’t remember where) when I asked you to confirm or deny Thad’s accusations of recommending white supremacist authors. You confirmed you did, in fact, liked said author. A few days ago you spoke favorably about Stormfront. So what’s the problem then? Why are you suddenly ashamed of it? Now you are following your mentor Thad by changing tactic ie about being sarcastic. Try another one!!! Whilst here, would you like to explain what concerns do you have with African centred scholars. Since this seems rather evident in your thinking. Good try. I explained to you I was referring to bradley’s book. and simply because it is not possible to find to find Diops two cradle theory on the net, and this is the closest you can do so on the net. I also explained to you I did not even know Bradley had a site, nor have I been on it. This you all conveniently forget to portray me like your mentor likes to as a ‘fascist’. Earlier you lied and suggested I used the words ‘black traitor’ and now once again you are lying As I said I am surprised no-one on this board has exposed you, for what you are. The White Woman Tears had conveniently protected you until you had decided to use the UM scenario to your own ends, but it has self-imploded. As I said you are a ‘racist’ no different from the others that visit this board Let me quickly change ‘Black’ to ‘race traitor’ or we will have a smokescreen surrounding this very issue As I shake my head. I believe I explained my views on Afrocentrism not once, but several times. Most of the times you commented, so I am surprised you don’t remember. But here it is. The only concern I have is that Afrocentrism sometimes turns out to be Eurocentrism. Many of the authors were raised and/or educated in the west or in western schools. Not the best start for Afrocentrism. Also, they were all born in our world, which is, no matter where you live, eurocentric and you can’t escape that. So eurocentric way of thinking can show in their work, which is not something, I assume, Afrocentrism should do. In short: I don’t have problem with Afrocentrism being radical; I have a problem it’s not radical enough. But that Bradley’s crap is beyond words, and it’s not even Afrocentric, it’s quite opposite of it. Just my opinion, of course. A poor excuse for a site with a personal ad before “scientific” text, you mean? (But ok, I believe you didn’t know about it). I never said you were a fascist (though talking favorably about Stormfront is definitely not something I like). You did use term “race traitor” several times here (not in this thread) and I was unaware you’re ashamed of it. Luckily, we have you here to expose me. What white woman tears? I never behaved in such a way (cried and asked for a male protection). No white (or black) knights in shining armour came to my rescue. WTF are you talking about? And what is UM scenario? PS-If you were the one giving me a pass because I’m a white woman then you should really, really re-think about what you’re doing. You are correct, I am more than familiar than your orientation. I just wanted you to write “The only concern I have is that Afrocentrism sometimes turns out to be Eurocentrism” Since as POC knows Eurocentricism is just another byword for racism’, which implies this is what Afrocentricism is also another variant of racism. This is aa similar argument used by your mentor Thad when he suggests that Black political thought will lead to ‘fascism’. It takes the presumption that because Whites are racist, Blacks will also become racist by reacting to ‘racism’. Steve Biko referred to this as the classic White liberal thinking, to keep Blacs in a position of ‘inferiority’ and I posted his thoughts somewhere on this blog. No, no. It’s not what I meant. I didn’t mean “afrocentrism is like eurocentrism” in a way that it’s a racist way of thinking that favores blacks the same way eurocentrism favores whites. I wrote what I meant: Afrocentrism sometimes uses Eurocentric ideas, in their pure form- which means it doesn’t go against whites (like you suggest), but against blacks, like Eurocentrism often does. These aspects make Afrocentrism racist towards black people. “No, no. It’s not what I meant”. Pull the other one……..!! But J, that is seriously, honestly, not what I meant. The above explanation I gave you several times and you always decide to ignore it. Your right, but you are not allowed to twist my words. So bottom line from my previous comment: These aspects make Afrocentrism racist towards black people. As for your psychoanalysis, I can see I am either hitting a nerve or you have a lot of time on your hands. J, you live in a privileged place and you definitely don’t know what is like to live where I live, or to grow up where I grew up. At the end of the day, my people did nothing wrong to your people; but your people did ugly things to my people. So before you start to analyze somebody try to think a bit first (thinking of your own privilege is never a bad thing). And I won’t even dignify part about sexual attraction with an answer. on Sat Jul 31st 2010 at 04:17:14 Eurasian Sensation I always enjoy your contributions to these discussions, but with your sudden need to attack Mira, I think you need to pull your head in. I don’t know what’s in Mira’s head, but based on her comments on many posts, she is generally fair-minded. And as far as I know she is the only one on here who has qualification in Archaeology. Which doesn’t mean she must be right, but I think her opinions are worthy of respect when talking about a subject such as this. As far as I can see, Mira’s views on all of Abagond’s posts are much along the same lines as most of the black commenters, including you. Then, as soon as she disagrees with you on this one issue, she is a “wolf in sheep’s clothing”, only pretending to be a friend to POC? Take this as constructive feedback from a friend: that’s some bullsh!t on your part. If someone disagrees with you, they disagree with you. That’s not racism. And if someone analyses the evidence and concludes that they don’t agree 100% with the “Afrocentric approach”, that’s not racism either. But I’m afraid to say that you are conflating all these things here. on Sat Jul 31st 2010 at 05:15:29 abagond I have to agree with Eurasian. Of my regular white commenters Mira is by far the most fair-minded. It is rather strange you would go after her of all people. It is perfectly fine to disagree with what someone says or show why it is racist. But with Natasha and Mira you have gone beyond that into making personal remarks. That is completely uncalled for and is, besides, an ad hominem attack. It does not matter whether what you say about them is true, it is still an ad hominem. Maybe Natasha and Mira are affected by white racism in their views. Fine. But show that from the statement of their views, NOT from what you know of their personal life. I think it was you who said that RR claims to be black to protect himself from ad hominems so he can get a fair hearing for his views. Well, everyone regardless of race or the race of their boyfriend should get that hearing and not have their personal life brought in to discredit them. That is just plain low. I don’t think egyptians thoughed themselves as anything else. After I visited Egypt some years agi and studied the acient monuments etc. I came to conclusion that Egypt was not that much about race or color definition. You can see it clearly just by lookin at any portrait of human they made. Now, to claim that egyptians were white is about as funny as to say that the earth was created roughly 4000 yrs ago. It is pure nonsense. The old egyptians were mixed folks. They were partly punic immigrants (from the land of Punt somewhere in the East of Nile in the land of Rising Sun. Beyond the Red Sea??), native peoples who lived in the Nile valley before them, and the much more black people from the Upper Nile, present day Sudan. When you look at their miniature models of soldiers, foot soldiers that is, you see all kinds of colors mixed in neat troops. There are totally black units from Nubia too, but in the “regular” pharaonic armies there were guys from black to light brown side by side. If you look at their drawings and paintings it is absolutely clear. There are all kinds of colors, from the lightest brown to black. So to claim they were white as in Europe, that is pure nonsense. They were not. But at the same time one has to remember how the egyptians saw themselves. They made a clear distinction between themselves and tribes on Upper Nile or to the west in Nubia. Egyptians did not see themselves as part of the “black african” sphere. On the contrary, the draw a very clear line between the southern tribes and themselves. So the afrocentric simplistic view is also nonsense. Likie abagond writes in the “motives”, afrocentristic view is based on political motivation, not in history. So what is my take on this? Egyptians were of mixed “race”. Only the pharaonic families were “pure” because they married sisters and brothers etc. Other than that I belive “egyptian” was an identity. It did not matter that much what was your skin color if you were seen as egyptian or recongnized as such. Hence the multiple colors on the people in their drawings and pictures. I think the whole race issue came much more later, at the dawn of the egyptology. Eurocentric scientists wanted to see egyptians as somekind of white. And in the last century afrocentric movement wanted to see them as black. And the one drop idea gave them the bragging rights and long faces for whites. But that is mainly an american debate. I don’t think too many historians nor scientists even think about this. For it is more than clear to anybody with pair of somehow operational eyes, that the acient egyptians were not snow white dandies. @ sam: I agree. Given Egypt’s geographical location, and how the fertile Nile Valley would provide a likely conduit for the movement of peoples northward and southward, it is logical to imagine that Egypt was populated by a mix of numerous groups from both Africa and SW Asia. Cheers for your input. What we have here nonetheless is a White person trying to suggest that I have ‘fascist’ tendencies, following her mentor. The aim is to ‘discredit’ anything which I have said and ultimately African centred thinking However, if we being fair and honest, if she is going to suggest this inadvertently or otherwise, then she must have her facts correct. You can’t begin to tell lies and then you come on here and refer to ‘constructive criticisms’ Forgive me ES, your ‘even-handedness’ has a place but it also fails to adminster ‘justice’ when a debate is clearly unfair and there is an undertone beyond the mere words on a computer screen. Cheers Abagond, If we being honest. I have to disagree with you. I sense you have a ‘thing’ for merely defending and protecting the ladies on this blog. Obviously you do not want to be losing contributors Why do I say this?? If anyone should feel ‘moral outrage’ it should be Thad. And if you were being consistent. You would have mentioned this earlier. What was said of Natasha and Mira in my opinion is the ‘truth’ – and as we know that is very ‘painful’. This why ‘individuals’ cannot grow. Back to my point. I have continuously made reference to Thad’s partner. The reason why I have done that is because I have always wondered, if Thad is like that away from the pc screen, then that Black woman has to be strong to endure such thinking. Or in my opinion lacking race consciousness’. If anything, you should have come here and said do not mentionhis partner, because 1. She is not here to defend hereself 2. She has not spoken to you directly. However, in this instance because of your ‘animosity’ toward Thad. You have problems extending such ‘grace’ towards him. And what do you mean when you suggest: “It does not matter whether what you say about them is true, it is still an ad hominem” This is bordering on the absurd. I can remember when you were hypothetically explaining a situation and you referred to Thad’s partner as a 4 legged creature Now I am asking you to think about your actions. Thank you, Abagond. Also, please note I never said I wasn’t affected by white racism in my views. I never claimed to be completely free of any racism. I never said you were a fascist. I said you recommended works by white supremacists. There’s a difference. To be honest, I think you didn’t understand his work and you mistaken it for Afrocentrism or something. (And yes, I might be wrong and we can discuss why you think it’s not the case). 1. You lied on the other thread. 2. With regard: “You recommended a quote by a White Supremacist scholar”. The key point about Bradley was he a White Supremacist when he wrote his book critiquing the White race, some 33 years ago?? 3. You found yourself in this position because you followed Thad’s agenda, and its not the first time you have done so either, with regard to discussion of race. These are the facts what we have before us. And furthermore it is not clear to me how Bradley can be a ‘White Supremacist’.?? White Supremacists argue that the White race is the ‘best’ and special in God’s creation and all other races are inferior. Bradley -who himself is White – argues that White people and their racism is the anomaly on the planet, and this is what makes them ‘special’ in a very bad way. With regard to his views regarding Jews as per his second book that is a different subject matter where Thad and yourself may well want to have a discussion over. Where and about what? About Bradley? It is not a key point about him. But it is confusing to me that you’d claim to be Afrocentric AND recommend somebody like him, and then come back and call people who disagree white supremacist. You can recommend any author or a book and it doesn’t have to be Afrocentric, of course- but I was very confused. It’s like a Jew recommending “Mein Kampf”- not something I’d expect. This is a lousy definition of a white supremacist. You said yourself one doesn’t need to believe any of this and be white supremacist. No. Bradley- from what I’ve seen- basically argues that people who had Neanderthals as their ancestors are more aggressive and prone to violence. And people who, in his opinion, have Neanderthal genes are not whites but Jews. (And yes, I know Jews are considered white, but Bradley never accused other whites, you know, those who were really colonists… Just Jewish genes). So the way I interpret Bradley (and I might be wrong and we can discuss) is: Jews did it. We (white people) are not guilty of anything, those were evil Jew genes in us, so you n…. that complain should direct your anger at Jews and leave us alone. It’s not our fault! And this leads me on to the connection between Bradley and Diop. Thad take note. I am not going to give you all the information which I know you have been searching hard for: Diop on Two Cradle Theory and origins of racism/white supremacy Q: What is your opinion of Cress Theory of Color Confrontation?? Diop: “There is absolutely no doubt that the white race…was the product of depigmentation….c. 30,000BC… However, there can be no doubt that the ‘cultural outlook’ of these ‘proto-whites’ was eventually conditioned during the glacial epoch… Molded by their environmental cradle these early whites developed a social consciousness of xenophobia (ie fear of strangers) and patriarchal organization. I think what Dr Welsing has accurately assessed is that at the origins of racism we are to find a definite defensive reflex…. By counterdistinction, we have no evidence that blacks in ancient times and right down to the medieval epoch developed any such behavioural attitudes in their relationship to other races… I feel this needs to be studied carefully. What I find remarkable is that in the individual attitude of Blacks towards other races there’s a different approach. Blacks are not ‘racist’.Blacks are not afraid of ethnic contacts. Whites are… What is quite evident…is that xenophobia is definitely an entrenched trait of European cultures from way back. I think most European scholars would agree with me on this…” Also, please note that Iceman Inheretance is labeled “Prehistoric Sources of Western Man’s Racism…”- not White man’s racism. Your lie was suggesting I called the commentators ‘race traitors’ even when I showed you otherwise You hardly know nothing of Bradley, you are quoting your mentor, to defend all things that are ‘White’. Please try and get your facts corrects first, it would be helpful to have a meaningful conversation. Here is Bradley’s Book, take a note of the title: Iceman Inheritance : Prehistoric Sources of Western Man’s Racism, Sexism and Aggression This should tell you what the book is about. If you still do not understand it: Here is a review Michael Bradley delves back into our glacial past during the last Ice Age in order to find the prehistoric sources of the white race’s aggression, racism and sexism. Relying on the researches of Alexander Marshack, Carleton Coon, Konrad Lorenz, S.L. Washburn, Ralph Solecki and others, Bradley offers a persuasive argument that the white race, the Neanderthal-Caucasoids, are more aggressive than others because of ancient sexual maladaptation. And, in tracing the effects of Caucasian aggression, Bradley offers an uncomfortable and all-too-plausible explanation for the pattern of human history http://www.amazon.com/Iceman-Inheritance-Prehistoric-Sources-Aggression/dp/1879831007 Que: How different is that to the idea suggested by Diop, which I have quoted for the first time. These are the type of ideas that White people will ever want to rarely discuss – and with good reasons too. The Diop quote had nothing to do with what Bradley wrote. It’s maybe about the same topic, but it’s not the same. In short, Diop says: “whites developed xenophobia and blacks didn’t”. Bradley says: “Neanderthal genes in Jews were violent and made all the mess!” He’s basically letting western whites off the hook with this, and blame it everything on Jews and people of Eastern Europe and Caucus- people who, let me refresh your memory, never colonized Africans and were often victims themselves. On the other hand, he argues that western Europeans don’t have this “evil” DNA. And again wrong! aS i said I can understand your need like Thad to defend things ‘White’ However, and irrespective of what Abagond might suggest, that conversation should be on ‘facts’, not what is comforting or pleasing to the ears. Otherwise any such talk on this blog is ‘superfluous’ I can Google and I can read reviews. I don’t need you for that. I need you to give me additional info on the book (since you read it, right?), something I can’t find by Googling, so we can discuss. I am sure you’d be more than happy to do that, since we all know that info provided on the book covers and in reviews is not enough. And since I can’t afford to buy this book, I am sure you’d be more than happy to explain what Bradley really said with the book, about his methodology and interpretations. I’m all ears. Also, I did read the title: it says WESTERN man’s aggression, not WHITE man’s aggression. And again wrong! What do you mean wrong? You said it yourself: the title is “Prehistoric Sources of Western Man’s Racism, Sexism and Aggression”. You want me to administer justice? I’ll call it as I see it; I told Thad he was out of line when he was enthusiastically targeting you recently on the Negritos post, and when he was getting nasty towards leigh204. And now I’ll tell you that you are well out of line on this one. The “undertone” seems to me to be entirely of your own imagining. Feel free to argue with Mira and anyone else about the issues. But it is your attempts to psychoanalyse commenters which is well out of order. Mira disagrees with you because she has come to a different view. There is no evidence anywhere to say that this is because she is racist/white-supremacist/whatever you want to label her. Likewise Thad: he has a tendency to come across like an abrasive, arrogant prick and indulge in ad hominem. But is he a racist? Not based on anything I’ve read here. I hate to break it to you, but the set of ideas you adhere to regarding Egypt and Diop have NOT been conclusively shown to be true. They are certainly worth considering, but they are up for debate just like anything else. You seem to believe that one cannot respect black people without believing in your set of Afrocentrist ideas. And thus you are seeing racists everywhere. Cheers ES, 1. However, you attempt to address her outright lies by placing words into my mouth 2. You do not tackle her false assumption about me providing links and not backing up my evidence. Rather than her eurocentric thinking not allowing to understand the point. 3. Can I ask you did you read the other thread. If not you have jumped the gun to speak without having all the facts before. This is foolish and also arrogant on your part, if you have not done so. 4. With regard to Diop, you seem to have let your anger get the better of you. We are speaking about ideas and theories to explain White racism. I observe you produce nothing to counter the ideas except that it may not be true. This says nothing and is in essence a circular argument, in real terms The point on a discussion board is to bring forth an exposition to discuss why the theory is wrong, as opposed to just ‘sentimentality’? This is where you reach for teh old caveat – You are calling people racist because they disagree. The truth of the matter they have not produced anything at all, except ‘sentimentality’. And this is where you make the mistake that Mira has produced anything to counter what I hve said thus far. 5. If you wish to see certain commentators as ‘non-racist’. I will stick with my belief system and the words which I have said regarding these commentators. I am not quite sure what you are trying to get at, apart from demonstrating your own opinion. 6. As for ES justice, I think you best keep it, because on most counts you fall short of dealing with the ‘facts’ as demonstrated from the words on the computer screen, in my opinion. You are not going to find much on Bradley’s book for obvious reasons. I do not know if it is on his website – you have already been there. However, by your response I guess not. As for the theory of ideas to explain Western white racism from this perspective, it is hard to find Bradley’s thoughts and even harder to find Diop’s expressions on the matter. Even though you suggested it may have been a ‘weak excuse’ for me to referesnce Bradley. The bottom line is without the Bradley’s book. There is no other relevant data that is on the internet. So to conclude there is no information I can offer to you. Since I am not prepared to be typing large chunks from Bradley and Diop regarding this matter. Hope this has clarified. With regard to; “You seem to believe that one cannot respect black people without believing in your set of Afrocentrist ideas. And thus you are seeing racists everywhere” This is your caveat, but the truth of the matter is the commentators do not know enough about African centred ideas or theories to even begin a resonable discussion. What is actually happening?? With the discussions here people like you are arguing from a euro centred perspective with no knowledge of the African centred perspective. I am arguing from an African centred perspective with a knowledge of the euro-centred perspective. When I conclude by suggesting the validity of certain African centred perspectives over the Euro-centred one. You reach for the aforesaid caveat about my ‘set of Afrocentric ideas’. However, you do not tell the audience that you intend to ‘remain in your ‘set of euro-centred ideas’. The best example is our discussion on why N.E. Africans have ‘Caucasian’ features? In your ‘perverse thinking’, because you can’t see outside of your own ‘eurocentricism’, you probably think it is an error as well as an African centred perspective to suggest that Blacks had ‘Caucasian features’ and Whites inherited it from them. Rather you accept the ‘euro-centred’ perspective, but you do not call it that, nor do you see it that way. The only plausible way that NE Africans can have ‘Caucasian’ feature is because of inter-mixture with Eurasians type. This is the contradiction which you cannot see within yourself, but falsely can project on me. So as much as I am stuck in ‘African centred’ ideas it has to be said that you must be ‘brainwashed’ by ‘euro-centred thinking’. Why do I say this? I say so, as I said earlier I have a knowledge of both systems. You have only the one to go by, and if this is the case. Then one is limited . A euro-centred perspective is not going to get humanity to discuss the possible origins of racism, from Diop’s perspective, which proves my point about having an overall understanding with regard to systems, ideas etc. However, I remember from a past conversation that you have already made your position clear what you think of African centred thinking – and it is not complimentary either. It will be interesting to see if you can think outside your own ‘eurocentred thinking box’ and understand the essence of this post. Hmmmmmmmmm!!! J sez: Given that Mira has called me as many names as you have, J, I hardly think I qualify as her “mentor”. Let’s put things very simply here: you are butt-hurt because a man you thought “afro-centric” (whose works you’ve probably never read) has been revealed to be an EXTREME racist. This is not me making crap up, J: this is something that can be easily confirmed by anyone who chooses to take a gander at Michael Bradley’s website. Mira is not “copying” me any more than she would be “copying” me were I to say “water sure is wet” and she, upon conducting an independent investigation herself, were to say “Yeah, water is wet”. Bradley’s a racist and this should be obvious to everyone. Hell, the man begins his book by saying “This is a racist book”! You trumpeted Bradley’s nutso theories as great afrocentric stuff, J. When confronted with what the man actually WROTE, instead of saying “Whoops, sorry, my bad”, you’ve slapped down one race card after another. What’s worse is that both Mira and I have asked you, point blank, “do you REALLY believe this crap?” and you haven’t even bothered to try to distance yourself from it. In other words, as far as I can see, J, you do indeed believe the racist garbage Bradley puts out and you really do think it’s afrocentric. THIS is what underlies my calling you a fascist and racist: your repeated insistance that clearly fascist and racist thinkers are, in fact, afrocentric and great scholars. This ain’t an ad hominem J: it’s a straight up, clear-cut analysis of your views, as presented on this forum. Now, as far as I can see it, you think that Mira and I are racist because we are a) melanin deficient and b) have the audacity to disagree with your whacked out theories. That’s because you’ve never read either man. Diop would have been APPALLED at Bradley’s loonie re-boot of Aryanism. Thad… has a tendency to come across like an abrasive, arrogant prick and indulge in ad hominem. But is he a racist? Not based on anything I’ve read here. LOL. Well at least that’s out of the way. Its up to you if you wish to see him as a racist, but against whom…the Jews…a race of people….Or is it the ‘White race’ which he is also a part off?? And just to let you know this is why I did not type ALL of what Diop had to say, because I knew yould ignore it. This is your standard tactic, ask or demand for evidence, and when it is given, ignore it, and then continue the mantra that you ‘disagree’. What is funny though is that you can tell us Diop would disagree with Bradley. However, the funny thing is you know a little about Bradley, just recently, and you know next to nothing about Diop. Hmmmmmmmm!!! J, if you actually READ the man’s book and other publications, it’s quite clear that he sees the “icemen” as seperate from “whites”. He believes that there’re a raftload of white people who have been invaded and degraded by the “icemen”. J, I think we can dispense with the fiction that you’ve actually read Diop. Your “all that Diop said” is probably some out-of-context comment you’ve culled from a wierdo website – rather like that “proof” of yours that “Afrika” was a more African way of spelling because (according to your highly knowledgeable internet source) no European languages other than German have a “hard c” sound. In other words, J, your proofs always seem to wind down to quoting someone who quotes someone else – generally far out of the original context. And I’ll repeat, by the way, that you’ve given us exactly NO evidence of some deep connection between Bradley and Diop other than Diop’s assertion (backed up by pretty much every human geneticist in the world, btw) that whiteness is probably a genetic divergence which happened 30,000 years ago, give or take some milenia. I have news for you, J: believing that a color change occurred in a given set of human peoples 30k years ago is NOT the same thing as believing that said group of peoples represent some über-evil race with a collective biology and culture which has come down through the past 30 millenia essentially unchanged. You’re like the kind of creationist fool who sees an article talking about the mDNA Eve and uses that as “scientific proof” that the Biblical story of the Garden of Eden is true. Let me break it to you, J: “Whiteness” is caused by the expression of one mutation of one gene, commonly carried by many animals. You’re trying to say that that one gene causes an entire range of complex behaviors which are expressed, unchanged, across cultures and across time. That is nuts. All Diop does is express his belief that said skin color evolved out of a darker human norm. HE DOES NOT SAY, EVER, that this somehow creates a specific people witha specific culture. However, the funny thing is you know a little about Bradley, just recently, and you know next to nothing about Diop. J, I READ Bradley shortly after you pointed him out BECAUSE you pointed him out and because his book didn’t seem to be anything like what you claimed it was. It’s available as a torrent on the internet, you know. I realize that the idea that someone can read a book in an afternoon might be unbelievable to a man who rarely reads more than one webpage at a time. As for Diop, I’ve read some of his stuff, yes, and I’ve claimed this from the beginning. I used to believe that you had read more, so it was natural to ask you where you were getting this information that Diop believed in the Iceman theory from. It has since become more than obvious that Diop says nothing of the sort. If he did, you’d hardly restrain yourself from rubbing the proper quote in my face. The so-called connection between Diop and Bradley is something you’ve concocted on your own, apparently without reading either man. Diop worked all his life against racism, criticizing the exact sort of gutter-philosophies that Bradley repeats. You’re saying the man believes the same thing as Bradley is simply ridiculous. You’re like that nutter who claims that Hitler and all the SS were secretly gay. 😀 And this is what upsets you. The very premise which you have been fighting on this board for the longest time, that Whites are not exceptionally racist than others is the very thing Bradley attempts to prove for ALL White people (including European Jews). What is strange in your fallacious reasoning is your attempt to reveal to us that Bradley is a ‘White Supremacist’, even though he shows that the ‘White race’ is unique with regard to racism. Something a valid ‘White Supremacist’ would never consider doing. Nor does he say anything about ‘Black people’ Good try, my friend, but your reasoning skills have let you down once again. Scratches my head for a moment, smiles and thinks to myself “Let me use the classic Thad technique” Can you tell me where he says this, and the page number too? Remember I have the book at home, so I can check the usual nonsense that you continually spew. What upsets me is stupidity, J, especially when it’s couched as revolutionary analysis. First of all, it’s damned obvious – or should be – that “whites” are not now and never have been a homogenous group. I do not think the Slavs and Irish are as responsible for racism and injustice in this world as, say, the French. So the whole idea that “white” somehow can cover the historical activities of the ancestors of what are now close to a billion very diverse people is, to me, simple stupidity. Is this a racist reaction because I feel defensive? Hell no! I’ve made the same comment repreatedly about “blacks”. These overarching racist terms do not describe cohesive political and cultural units and never will. Secondly, the only people the idea that one’s biology somehow determines one’s politics and that each “race” of humanity thus has a “natural” political position is fascism, pure and simple. I’m willing to talk about white racism all day long but I am not a fascist: I do not believe that individuals are “naturally” anything simply because they are part of a greater collectivity. Thirdly, the idea that a certain level of melanin in one’s skin “naturally” determines one’s views and behaviors is biological determinism at its finest. It is unscientific and cannot be proven in any way, shape, or form. So get this through your head, J: I couldn’t give a fat flying f*** how the so-called “white race” is portrayed: it’s the very concept that there are biological human races which are neatly divided into political and cultural units that offends me. It offends me because it is STUPID and, moreover, a form of stupidity which has killed and continues to kill millions on this planet. I could care less whether you think blacks or white are naturally superior, J: it’s the notion that humanity is broken up into “natural” political and cultural units based on biological race which I find stupid and ridiculous. With regards to Bradley, sorry, you’re wrong. If you read what the man writes, it’s very clear that he has a PARTICULAR “white man” in mind: one which is semetic. Just a quick note: rather like that “proof” of yours that “Afrika” was a more African way of spelling because (according to your highly knowledgeable internet source) no European languages other than German have a “hard c” sound. In my language, it’s spelled Afrika. You must have gotten that “K” from German, then, Mira because according to J’s specialist, it doesn’t exist in any other European language. “Caucasoids” – by which he means white people – are distinguished from “Caucasoid-Neanderthals” or “westerners” – by which he means the Jews – at several points in the book. A good example of this can be seen in footnote #9 where in spite of Indian’s “caucasoid” biological heritage, their cultural heritage cupposedly keeps them from degenerating into “icemen”. This thesis is also further explored and made explicit in Bradley’s later booksm most specifically “Chosen People from the Caucasus”. I believe all Slavic languages have “K” and it’s frequently used. We do use “c” but it’s pronounce completely differently. It’s pronounced similar to “tz” in “tzar”. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tsar Finns spell it Afrikka and estonians have k too. Well, someone should tell that to the so-called “Afrocentric” genius J was quoting the other day. Cheers Thad ‘Thad’ you could not provide the reference I asked for, I will presume this is something you made up once again and is not true Oh dear!!! And what link did you get this from, or is it in the book, if so can I have the page number so i can ensure you are NOT utilising ‘intellectual dishonesty’ once again This thesis is also further explored and made explicit in Bradley’s later booksm most specifically “Chosen People from the Caucasus” A critical analysis of this text will show that you are having a very difficult time finding information about Bradley. However, like the Diop qTwo Cradle Theory & Racism, I wish you all the best in your research endeavours on Sun Aug 1st 2010 at 00:51:19 Eurasian Sensation You want others to provide proof of everything. Yet you are alleging racism on Mira’s part based on what proof? If you want to claim she is a wolf-in-sheeps-clothing who only pretends to be friendly to POC because she is sexually attracted to black men, prove it or don’t say it. What you are able to read between the lines doesn’t count. As I have said earlier on this post or another one, I am not closed off to the ideas of Diop and others on this. However, the vast bulk of research on these matters does come from, as you put it, a Eurocentric perspective. So like it or not, that is the knowledge base that most people are grounded in. Afrocentric ideas are still, at this point, a radical departure from established knowledge. This does not mean they are not true, but at this point they are still considered radical. Thus you need to accept that most people are yet to be convinced about them. But you seem to think that the ideas are obvious and established as truth, and thus anyone who doesn’t agree with them must have something wrong with them, or some racist agenda. It’s not the only plausible way. It’s just what I think is the most plausible way. I weighed up the evidence that I know of and came to an opinion that is different to yours. You consider that “brainwashed”? Maybe I am. But at the same time, we are intelligent people on here and we are still quite capable of forming opinions (correct or not) on our own without being brainwashed. I said Don’t get me wrong, Thad. I actually think you seem like a pretty cool guy. But arguing with people on this site seems to bring out an ugly side of you. I’d love to have you as a lecturer, as long as I didn’t disagree with you. Btw, the “J is a fascist” thing is getting old. on Sun Aug 1st 2010 at 01:30:24 J Just to say you seem to have found your ‘even-handedness’ once again but I have to say to very diassapointing effect: Its clear you picked out carefully what to respond too and left large significant parts unaddressed, almost like a skilful politician dodging key questions: 1. I asked you if you read the other thread. It is clear you did not. And this as I said this was very foolish and arrogant of you – and I stand by this 2. You do not seem to understand why I levelled the charge of racism? I was falsely accused of something which was not true, and even when this was pointed out. There was still a refusal to concede the point by the commentator. Again you would not know nothing of this cos’ you did not bother to have the facts before you. Without stating the obvious there is 2 sides to every story. 3. I see you avoid the very issue of your euro-centredness and how it in facts hampers how you look at the world, along with your lack of knowledge about African centred theory. Again this matter is on the other thread with regard to the commentator. However, you chose to ignore. 4. As for African centred ideas they are not ‘radical departures’. The thing with ‘knowledge’ (epistemology) is that it is not based upon a consensus. If White people say it is true and propogate that truth around the world then it must be so. 5. With regard to these comments below: ‘If you believe this to be the case: ‘But you seem to think that the ideas are obvious and established as truth, and thus anyone who doesn’t agree with them must have something wrong with them, or some racist agenda’. I could level the same charge at you when defending your own eurocentred ideas (leaving aside the racism part of the above), mutatis mutandis. The thing here as I said sincerely in my previous message to you. You and the other commentators do not have enough knowledge. So with regard to The Table of Nations. The commentator could not give an explanation why the idea was wrong – apart from it contradicted all that had been learnt previously in a euro-centred environment. I hope you understand what I am referring to, and this was not another bit you managed to skip over? 6. As for your comment: ‘I weighed up the evidence that I know of and came to an opinion that is different to yours. You consider that “brainwashed”? I would say yes, just as you see me stuck in ‘my set of afrocentric ideas’ mutatis mutandis Therfore what I would say to you is: 1.’reason over emotion’, 2. read all the facts before jumping in, 3. Understand both sides of the argument (ie commentators) And finally ‘even-handness’ has its uses but the way things unfold, it usually involves a compromise of ‘truth’ for one of the parties. On a board like this the ‘words’ is what should constitute the ‘facts’, not one’s sentimentality etc. Anyhow thanks for your thoughts and input on Sun Aug 1st 2010 at 03:47:53 abagond J said: I find it a bit odd that you are making this argument. Most commenters in your position think that I am way too nice to Thad. Thad plays rough so he gets less protection from me. As far as I can remember he has never complained to me about it. To his credit he understands that if you dish it out then you got to be able to take it. Even as it is, I did kick off B.R. after he completely lost it and let loose on Thad. And once again, ad hominem is not the same thing as slander. Everything you say can be true and it can still be an ad hominem – because it makes no difference WHO puts forward an argument. The Devil himself could do it. It does not matter: arguments stand or fall on their own merits. There is only so much time in the world, J, and I have other things to do. So forgive me if I don’t fit every question in. 1. Which particular thread are you talking about? I believe I have read most of them, and did not notice any evidence of Mira’s heinous racism at work. If there is something in particular that I may have missed, kindly point it out. 2. So if someone falsely accuses you of something, that is racism? Poor judgement, a mistake, a misinterpretation, perhaps, but racism? I assume this is in reference to the term “race traitor”. I did not see you use this term but I certainly felt you implied as much in reference to Natasha. There are indeed 2 sides to every story. And this is the whole point. You are quick to judge and psychoanalyse without fully understanding where that person is coming from. Mira may seem racist from your point of view (and Natasha may lack “race-consciousness” from your point of view), but that is YOUR side of the story. It is interesting that none of the other numerous POCs here seem to have come to that realisation regarding Mira. At the end of the day, none of us can know all that much about someone based on their comments here (apart from the Alan B’stards and no_slappz’s of this world, who make it pretty obvious). Btw, I think Thad’s attacks on you are considerably worse than yours on Mira. However, you seem more than happy to dish it back and go toe-to-toe; I stick up for Mira more because she seems to want to fight fair (based on arguments, not ad hominem), and also because I haven’t seen her write anything that deserves your ire in such a way. Regarding my thoughts re: Egypt and the rest: Perhaps they are Eurocentric. The bulk of the research on archaeology, genetics, anthropology and so on has been done by people coming from the Western tradition. So like it or not, thinking on Egypt is heavily informed by this, rightly or wrongly. Discussing this with you has made me consider some things and not take certain things for granted. But much of it has yet to fully convince me. The thing that rankles here is that if you see someone that disagrees with you as being “brainwashed”, you are basically saying they do not have the brains to make a decision based on logic and reason. Myself, Thad and Mira are all pretty intelligent people, yet our capacity to form our own opinions is not respected – it is as if we are merely passive receptors for white propaganda, in contrast to the enlightened J. Or not only that, that there is an agenda to defeat down Afrocentrism because it threatens the supposed white racist POV of Thad/Mira. J, I honestly think this Iceman-Neanderthal-Caucasian theory is not one of the strongest in the world. First of all, we have no proof what so ever of the color of the neaderthals nor the homo sapienses in those times. It is assumed that neaderthals were white and sapiens black or POC. But nobody knows. It is just a guess at this time. Nobody really knows. I would be and I am very vary for any attempts to reconstruct the history of human “race” based on race because those attempts were and are still in the core of racism. Race theories of the nazis were based on the idea of separate races and their relative values. Of course so called aryans were on top of the pile. Nazis believed that aryans were blue eyed blonds when in reality the closest to so called aryan (iranian) were the gypsies in Europe. And nazis murdered hundreds of thousands of gypsies in camps. So when somebody starts to talk about race as a way of constructing a system of values and societies or such, I come very alert. This being said, I have no problem in recognizing the racist history of Europe or whites anywhere. I have no problem admitting the horrendous actions that whites have done to people who have different looks or color. Slavery, colonialism in Africa and around the world, genocides in Africa and specially in Americas etc. These are all historical facts and if one wants to be any wiser, one has to accept these facts. All of these terrible things have been done on the bases of belief in different races of humans. It is the belief that the other guy is not really a human, that gives to an ordinary housewife the ability to watch a lynching with a smile on her face in 1930’s South. She believes that blacks and whites are not the same race. So lynching a black man is no different to her than killing any other living thing that is not her race. If one recognizes that were are all humans, one cannot act like this. If you accept that we are all one race, human race, regardless of our color, looks, culture etc., any violence towards any of us feels wrong, as it is supposed to feel. Any mistreatment, unfairness, is wrong. And any kind of racism is simply wrong. Ok, enough of that hippie shit! Then to debate Eurocentric vs. afrocentric. Afrocentric movement has shaken a lot of concepts which has been good. But to try to move perspective ( even if understandably) from the opposite side to the opposite side regardless of anything, is political action. Not history. And sometimes one goes little bit on overdrive with it. Eurocentric views in history have been dominant for so long that people do not understand that they are also politically motivated in many instances. In recent times, however, and partly because afrocentric movement, the way people look at history has changed a lot to more open and critical perspective to it. Thanks partly for the afrocentric views of history some of the old constructions and explanations have been removed and thinking has been rejuvenated in the field of history. This has been good. on Sun Aug 1st 2010 at 08:12:10 Thaddeus I have no trouble at all with people disagreeing with me, as long as their arguments havesome rationality behind them. When the argument is “Things are this way because I say they are and you are a [ad hominem] because you believe differently”, then I really don’t think they deserve much respect. As for the J being a fascist thing, I’m not saying this for kicks, I’m saying it because that is what his political philosophy really, truly looks like from over here: blood = politics. And I think it’s obscene that a self-proclaimed anti-racist should be flogging that particular dead horse. But hey, I’m willing to quit at least until the next time J cites some aryanist nut as an afrocentric resource. Though given J’s track record so far, my bet is that’ll be within two weeks or less. on Sun Aug 1st 2010 at 17:43:04 Black? Egypt wasnt the sole example of dark brown population with “thicker” phenotypes than the perspective of their european or asian neibghors.In Cyrinaica,2800 years ago the first to inhabit/settle the area were Greek dorian bands from theres and southern lakonia.The found nobody there,but soon enough the started communications with the neigbhouring tribes of interial Cyrenaica as well as with the tribal kings of coastal Tripolitis.They mingled with those semitic-hamitic tribes.Many kings of Libya took greek grils for their wives,and Greeks civilized the whole area of modern northern libya.The point is how the population of northern libya,viewed the barbarians of the south.During late hellenistic and roman times,they have the same notions for the southerners similar to those the egyptians of the middle kingdom had for the southerns(Nubians,bantus,ex).Violent immigrations and constant invasions from the south,similar to those in eastern europe(huns,goths,turks,slavs) may have contributed to that image.Provided descriptions and surviving texts speak for ebony uncivilized hars people from the south.Despite the average souther european and roman viewed nothern libyan populations as darker for centuries,and had this notion well in their minds.The same populations were well awared of their racial position,and distinguished themeselves from the south(south and central modern libya and the whole sahara region generally speaking).Since the first cbeing managed to survived upon this planet various tribes have been emerged in the light of day,vanished from it,transfromed at the pass of time or mutated for various reasons.Sometimes we make various speculations about the appearance of speciment,like dinosaurs,in a certain area.Sometimes we try to hard to prove that the inhabittants of that sole area are its exact survivors/descendants.Why its is not impossible for that specimen not to survived or survived in limited insignificant numbers or parts of the present population?Shuffle blue with red,and you have purple.Shuffle yellow,orange,dark green nad pink and you may have the same result,purple.The same colour just in different times.Claiming that ancient egyptians were bantu-like despite the scientific proofs,just for the boast after so many decades is as stupid as the ones who claim that ancient egyptians are racially the same with swedish,french or english.Ofcourse never forget the stupidity of modern egyptians who have tons of arab blood in their veins,especially from fathers side(lol),just to entertain their nationalism. on Wed Aug 4th 2010 at 04:29:56 jim tut Herodotus was a Greek philosopher at east let us say he could see!!! I don’t care who built America or what not. I’m African and I care who will rebuild my continent with me. My friends in Nigeria are Egyptians and they don’t look anything like Arabs. When we went to Egypt for his dad’s birthday, what I saw surprised me. The people in this part of Egypt are nothing but blacks they are not as dark as Sudanese thought they look Ethiopian. Africans are diverse and that doesn’t include the Arab invaders. Africans are generally diverse in every sense!!!! on Wed Aug 18th 2010 at 01:23:37 brentano By “American” standards, most of ancient Egypt — whether the light or the dark — would be “black.” – One ancient picture showed faces of 4 peoples: white (Greek), yellow (Arabian ? ), black (Nubian) and I believe the Egyptian face used a dark reddish paint. Does the reddish paint suggest a dark brown skin. Does this mean the Egyptians saw themselves as a separate dark brown people or as a type of mixture of the three other peoples ??? Of course, as this article points to, race as we know it today is a “modern” construct. on Sat Feb 26th 2011 at 15:31:18 The Cynic You might have already posted a link up thread, but where is the proof/study that “Present-day Egyptians are, by blood, about 60% Eurasian, like the Arabs who took over their country, and 40% black African.” I had thought about this before while looking at coverage of the Egyptian uprising. So many of them LOOKED like they were mixed race. You probably wont even see this comment being that I am so late, but I would really appreciate seeing where you got your information from. I know you asked this twice and I keep meaning to answer. It has been well over a year since I wrote this, but most likely I got it from here: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Population_history_of_Egypt#DNA_studies_on_modern_Egyptians on Sun Sep 18th 2011 at 19:43:22 Teddy Well, something funny, Friday I bought a book about an X-ray investigation into Royal Mummies, from the 70’s, to support some project supporting streetchildren in Bolivia. According to that book, though not using such vulgar, concepts as “black”, the skulls suggested that the Pharaohs of the 17th dynasty were indeed Nubian blooded, at least some of them much more than later dynasties. Tutanchamon belonged to the 18th dynasty, just to give you an impression. on Mon Dec 12th 2011 at 01:00:16 Franklin Can’t believe I didn’t mention this earlier, but there is a strong similarity between Egyptian dialect and that of the Yoruba of Nigeria. Both languages sharing many words that while having the same meaning, are either pronounced the same or are pronounced slightly different. EGYPT/YORUBA 1. Wu (rise) Wu (rise) 2. Ausa (Osiris, father of the gods) Ausa (father) 3. Ere (python/ Serpent) Ere (Python / Serpent) 4. Horise (a great god) Orise (a great god) 5. Sen (group of worshippers) Sen (to worship) 6. Ged (to chant) Igede (a chant) 7. Ta (sell / offer) Ta (sell/offer) 8. Sueg (a fool) Suegbe (a fool) 9. On (living person) One (living person) 10. Kum (a club) Kumo (a club) 11. Enru (fear / terrible) Eru (fear / terrible 12. Kun / qun (brave man) Ekun (title of a brave man) 13. Win (to be) Wino (to be) 14. Odonit (festival) Odon (festival) 15. Ma or mi (to breath) Mi (to breathe) 16. Tebu (a town) Tebu (a town) 17. Adumu (a water god) Adumu (a water god) 18. Khu (to kill) Ku (die) 19. Rekha (knowledge) Larikha (knowledge) 20. Hika (evil) Ika (evil) 21. Mhebi (humble) Mebi (humble to ones family) 22. Sata (perfect) Santan (perfect) 23. Unas (lake of fire) Una (fire) 24. Tan (complete) Tan (complete) 25. Beru (force of emotion) Beru (fear) 26. Em (smell) Emi (smell) 27. Pa (open) Pa (break open) 28. Bi (to become) Bi (to give birth, to become) 29. Hepi (a water god) Ipi (a water god) 30.Sami (water god) Sami (a water god) 31. Osiri (a water god) Oshiri (a water god) 32. Heqet – Re (frog deity) Ekere (the frog) 33. Feh (to go away) Feh (to blow away) 34. Kot (build) Ko (build) 35. Kot (boat) Oko (boat) 36. Omi (water) Omi (water) 37. Ra (time) Ira (time) 38. Oni (title of Osiris) Ooni (title of the king of Ife) 39. Budo (dwelling place) Budo (dwelling place) 40. Dudu (black image of Osiris) Dudu (black person) 41. Un (living person) Una (living person) 42. Ra (possess) Ra (possess/buy) 43. Beka (pray/confess) Be or ka (to pray or confess) 44. Po (many) Po (many/cheap) 45. Horuw (head) middle Egyptian Oruwo (head) (Ijebu) 46. Min (a god) Emin (spirit) 47. Ash (invocation) Ashe (invocation) 48. Aru (mouth) Arun (mouth) 49. Do (river) Odo (river) 50. Do (settlement) Udo (settlement) 51. Shekiri (water god) Shekiri (a water god) 52. Bu (a place) Bu (a place) 53. Khepara (beetle) Akpakara (beetle) 54. No (a water god) Eno (a water god) 55. Ra-Shu (light during darkness) Uran-shu (the light of the moon) 56. Run-ka (spirit name) Oruko (name) 57. Deb/Dib to pierce Dibi (to pierce) 58. Maat (goddess of justice) Mate (goddess of justice) 59. Aru (rise) Ru (rise up) 60. Fa (carry) Fa (pull) 61. Kaf (pluck) Ka (pluck) 62. Bu bi (evil place) Bubi (evil place) 63. In-n (negation In-n (negation) 64. Iset (a water god) Ise (a water god) 65. Shabu (watcher) Ashonbo (watcher) 66. Semati (door keeper) Sema (lock/shut the door) 67. Khenti amenti (big words of Osiris) Yenti–yenti (big, very big) 68. Ma (to know) Ma (to know) 69. Bebi (a son of osiris) Ube (a god) 70. Tchatcha (chief, they examined the death to see if they were tricked) Tsatsa (a game of tricks, gambling ) 71. Ren (animal foot) Ren (to walk) 72. Ka (rest) Ka (rest/tired) 73. Mu (water) Mu (drink water) 74. Abi (against) Ubi (against/impediment) 75. Reti (to beseech) Retin (to listen) 76. Hir (praise) Yiri (praise) 77. Ta(spread out) Ta (spread out) 78. Kurud (round) Kurudu (round) 79. Ak (male) Ako (male) 80. Se (to create) Se (to create) 81. Hoo (rejoice) Yo (rejoice) 82. Kamwr (black) Kuru (extremely black) 83. Omitjener (deep water) Omijen (deep water) 84. Nen, the primeval water mother) Nene (mother 85. Ta (land) Ita (land junction) 86. Horiwo (head) Oriwo (head) 87. Ro (talk) Ro (to think) 88. Kurubu (round) Kurubu (deep and round) 89. Penka (divide) Kpen (divide) 90. Ma-su (to mould) Ma or su (to mould) 91. Osa (time) Osa (time) 92. Osa (tide) Osa (tide) 93. Fare (wrap) Fari (wrap) 94. Kom (complete) Kon (complete) 95. Edjo (cobra) Edjo (cobra) 96. Didi (red fruit) Diden (red) 97. Ba (soul) Oba (king, the soul of a people) 98. Ke (hill) Oke (hill) 99. Anubis (evil deity) Onubi (evil person) 100. Kan (one: Middle Egyptian) Okan (one) 101. Nam (water god) Inama (water god) The same thing can be said about many Igbo words. EGYPT YORUBA IGBO 1. Wu (rise) Wu (rise) Kunie (rise) 4. Horise (a great god) Orise (a great god) Alusi (the gods) 9. On (living person) One ( living person) Onye (person) 11. Enru (fear / terrible) Eru (fear / terrible) Egwu (fear / terrible) 13. Win (to be) Wino (to be) Wulu (to be) 15. Ma or mi (to breath) Mi (to breathe) Ume (breath) 18. Khu (to kill) Ku (die) Nwu (die) 26 Em (smell) Emi (smell) Imi (nose) 27 Pa (open) Pa (break open) Me-pah (open) 28 Bi (to become) Bi (to give birth, to become) bu (to become) 33 Feh (to go away) Feh (to blow away) Feh (fly away) 34 Kot (build) Ko (build) Ru o (build) 36 Omi (water) Omi (water) Mi-li (water) 39 Budo (dwelling place) Budo (dwelling place) Obodo (town) 40 Dudu (black image of Osiris) Dudu (black person) Ma du (person) 41 Un (living person) Una (living person) Onye (person) 43 Beka (pray/confess) Be or ka (to pray or confess) Biko (please) 47 Ash (invocation) Ashe (invocation) I-se (invocation) 48 Aru (mouth) Arun (mouth ) Onu (mouth) 50 Do (settlement) Udo (settlement) Obodo (settlement/town) 52 Bu (a place) Bu (a place) E beh (place) 55 Ra -Shu (light after darkness Uran-shu (the light of the moon) Ra hu (sleep) 58 Maat (goddess of justice Mate (goddess of justice) Mmaa (beauty/perfection) 68 Ma (to know) Ma (to know) Ma (to know) 78 Kurud (round) Kurudu (round) O kiri kiri (round) 79 Ak – male Ako (male) Nwoke (male) 80 Se – to create Se (to create) se (to draw) 84 Nen (the primeval water mother) Nene (mother) Nne (mother) 94 Kom (complete) Kon (complete) Kpom-kwem (complete) 99 Anubis (evil deity) Onubi (evil person) Aru (evil) on Mon Feb 6th 2012 at 20:23:29 levlin you misquote on your information. Herodotus said they are dark skinned with curly hair i’ve read his work. aristotle never went to Egypt its apparent you didn’t do independent research from a real book before copying and pasting these myths. Herodotus description was short. Common on some african american people. it just makes you sound like a jack ass to misquote this information. on lighter news piolte mentioned jesus as tawny complection and gold hair…. so… he was around in those times. on Sat Feb 11th 2012 at 18:09:55 Imhotep Man kind has done a lot research,into the african history,but still want to disagree,can’t we easily see that we all are the same people,same Race we just look different,All of our ancestor’s are mixed,all are African.We keep trying to be something else,even neanderthal,originated in africa,It’s the Devil himself that invented the races in the minds of his follower’s. on Wed Apr 4th 2012 at 02:36:03 lil tejo Consider this, the Afro-Asiatic language family has roots in what is now Ethiopia and the Horn of Africa, this includes but is not limited to Hebrew, Aramaic, Arabic, Ancient Egyptian, and Phoenician. It would make sense that the speakers of these languages in ancient times were partly or entirely black African, and that the founders of the civilizations that spoke them were the descendants of migrants from the green Sahara, who brought their language and culture with them, and as some anthropologists would attest, grain agriculture and animal husbandry. on Wed Apr 4th 2012 at 03:07:50 deedee7789 @lil tejo Yes pretty much. Most have agreed that Northern Kmt (Where King Menses [sp?] the joiner of north/south Kmt) was purely Black while southern Kmt was mixed. Much of Eqypt may speak Arabic now but the 20% Arab population controls the government. Indigenous people of Ancient Kmt are still around however. on Tue May 22nd 2012 at 16:09:58 Donothep From what Ive read and heard, Africa is the most diverse place in the world. People like Horn Africans, who were once thought to have ‘Euroasian’ DNA by Eurocentrics, are actually 100% African. Why is it then, that some people feel its ok to call modern day Egyptians invaders? If Africa is so natrually diverse, is it not possible that the people in the north (by the Mediterranian) look a bit different from those in the south. Its thought that the Islamic conquests didnt really make a dent on the Egyptian population genetically therefore calling modern day Egyptians ‘Arab invaders’ doesnt make much sense. This debate also seems to only exist between black and white people (Afrocentric and Eurocentric). Rarely do we hear from actual Egyptians and rarely do people seem to take their self-esteem and self-determination into account. on Tue May 22nd 2012 at 16:41:45 phoebeprunelle The sad thing is people are still confused about this. The only guy who could possibly answer all those in doubt questions is Cheik Anta Diop and he is deceased. He extracted DNA from mummified bodies to prove his point. They were according to modern day standards black Africans. Like Carruthers and Clarke says, it stood for 10,000 years before Europeans and others begin to penetrate into that area and only then do you get the mixing and lightening of the population. You can debate Cleopatra all day long; however she came during a later dynasty that by then had been heavily mixed, but WE do know that Tiye, Hatshepsut, Tut, Ankhenaten, Ramses, Nefertiti and Neferatari were black men and women. They found freaking afro combs in these folks tombs. Ya’ll playing. @phoebeprunelle – good points. what im talking about is different though. im saying that people seem to assume that the lighter egyptians are the result of admixture depsite the fact some anthropologists (like s.o.y keita) i beleive have mentioned africa being natrually diverse and therefore not needing outside elements to create differences in features. while theres no doubt that over the many years, mixing has happened, we should also bare in mind that some of that diversity seems to of occured natrually. if there are people who might happen to be mixed nowadays, should it not be down to them how they identify? i dont see why they should be any less egyptian and take any less pride in their heritege than those that are considered ‘pure’ and i dont see why people living thousands of miles away (although i know not by choice) should decide and choose who gets to claim the heritege. most the mixed race people i know take more pride and identify more with being black and are allowed and encouraged to do so. it is only when it comes to modern day egyptians that i see (mainly african americans) denying them this and claiming their just ‘arab invaders’. academia should take afrocentrism as a serious perspective and acknowledge egypt as being an african civilisation and afrocentrics should accept that modern egyptians have the right to have a say on their identity and heritege to. on Tue May 22nd 2012 at 18:30:50 deedee7789 @Donothep I think the “arab invader” verbal accusations are towards those with government control and are apart of the arab minority in Kmt. Some ppl who have visited that country mentioned much of kmt being blocked off and how it is being identified as a West Asian country (which it is not). It doesn’t make the term right or fair I just feel that if a person observes a country being passed off as “Middle Eastern” by its government when it is not then read flags will be raised. Not sure if that makes any sense. It has less to do with the native population I think, but I could be wrong. @Deedee – Good points. From my understanding, the government might have pan-Arab political ideologies but that doesnt mean they literally hail from the Arabian penisular. Most times when I’ve read people using the term ‘Arab invader’ they havent specified who they mean so it comes across as if they are just saying it about all the members of the population who arent black. I cant really comment on if it should be classified as Middle Eastern or African as Im not an Egyptian which is kind of my point…..it should ultimatley be down to them how they are referred to. Identity is a personal thing. Its not right that people who arent from the place, even if they have some biological link to it, should decide if it is part of the Middle East or Africa and if the people are Middle Eastern or African. I can believe some of the population were Arabized (speak Arabic and are Muslim) but Im not sure the likelyhood that the Muslim Arabs actually wiped out the native popluation and replaced them. on Tue May 22nd 2012 at 21:29:15 Parfum Bleu I recall reading about an 80s biopic which starred Black American actor Louis Gosset Jr. as Egyptian President Anwar Sadat. According to the article the film was banned in Egypt due to a Black man being cast as their president. I also recall reading somewhere that some Egyptian spokesperson or other stated that, though they don’t nurse black and white racial notions in the way that Americans do, most Egyptians would categorize themselves as “white” (or words to that effect). I’ve heard that before to. Would be interested to know if it was actually banned soley for the reason of them not being keen on a black man playing Sadat or if they were just being their iron fisted selves and not allowing for anything even remotely critical of their regime be shown. Either way thats not good of them. on Wed May 23rd 2012 at 00:03:48 deedee7789 Some links they may be of interest. http://www.guardian.co.uk/commentisfree/2010/jul/08/egyptian-arab-cultural-identity http://www.forumbiodiversity.com/showthread.php?t=21936 http://www.historum.com/middle-eastern-african-history/36130-modern-egyptians-their-view-ancient-egypt.html https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/eg.html http://www.egypt.gov.eg/English/Home.aspx I can honestly say that it makes more sense to use geography to determine a country’s location. Egypt is predominately in Africa with a little peace on an Asian peninsula (which has the smallest of the population residing there). I believe it is fair to associate that country with Africa on a geographical standpoint. However, if we are to use culture and how the society views itself then it is also fine for the country to identify with countries outside of the continent as long as that does not confuse people of the actual location of the country (there are people who do not know that Eqypt is located in Africa..D:). Some of the links mentions how modern Egyptians view themselves and it is a mixed bag. Some personally view themselves as Egyptian and not Arab (generally those that do not speak Arabic or are non-Muslim). Others embrace their current Muslim identity and embrace being Arab although genetically they are not (apparently according to DNA studies). Even though the full title of Modern Eqypt is “Arab Republic of Eqypt” it has been shortened allegedly due to the the growing number of citizens not wanting to be viewed as Arab. Actually almost all of the population were Arabized (over 90%). That does not mean that those people are genetically Arab. it just mean that the current predominate culture is Arabic in nature. From some, especially those that are anti-Arab, that can be viewed as an invasion and by sociological means that is similar to invasion-succession except that the “race” of the citizens never changed, just the culture. On a last note, it can be tricky taking the word of the current citizens on how they identify because it can be complex depending on the history. For some the lasting effects of colonization can skew their view of themselves and cause them to take on the cultural identity of their colonizers. Others might resist and hang on to their native culture. It’s really difficult to know but I can definitely understand listening to the words of the citizens rather than people who analyze the citizens. It makes more sense. on Wed May 23rd 2012 at 07:15:35 Donothep @DeeDee – Thanks for the links, Ill read through them more fully when I have time. I skimmed the Guardian one. Im already aware that Egyptians prefer to be referred to as Egyptian and not Arab. Its similar in countries like Iraq and Lebanon to, especially in the Christian communities. With that being said, the point I was trying to make was that it is down to them how they identify, not you or I. Some people seem to struggle to accept modern Egyptians referring to themselves as Egyptians because they associate Egypt and Africa with blackness so feel todays inhabitants are ‘invaders’. I agree that an invasion can be a socio-political/religious issue, not a genetic one and that has obviously takin place in much of north Africa and the Middle East (Lebanon, Palestine-Israel, Iraq…). Its a no brainer as to where its located geographically…..Africa so its therefore African. In the British Muesum, its in the African section to. As a last note and just to be clear, I said several times that it is down to them how they identify…..’them’ meaning the regular citizens. I think you miss understood me. I do not care and have not tried to identify the people of that country. It is basically like Ancient Kmt. “Black” Eqyptions up top (North Kmt) and “mixed” Eqyptians at bottom (South Kmt). What I have done is mentioned how the physical country, not the population, is passed off as a Middle Eastern country, which it is not. The political status of the country is not determined by the citizens but by politics. So while the country itself may have “Middle Eastern” values it is not itself an actual “Middle Eastern” country based solely on geography. Politically, an entirely different story… As a last note, the regular citizens weren’t given a choice in how they wanted to identify. They were force fed Islam and Arabic culture and learned to embrace it. Now they are taking back their identity as Egyptian. If someone wants to view the “less Black” South Egyptians then so what? That is there opinion and it does not matter to the people living in that country. They are familiar with their own history and culture, so why do the outsiders looking in opinion matter so much to you? The outsiders cannot and will not shape how the world looks at those people. So just move on if you can, any non-Egyptian opinion..really doesn’t matter as far as it concerns Egyptian people. IMHO. (Also because it isn’t clear, I am not upset and don’t view this last paragraph as an attack although it may seem like that. I understand where you are coming from because it happens in any country where the indigenous culture is replaced by another culture. Self-identification is tricky but not something to be concerned with unless you are the affected party, IMO). on Wed May 23rd 2012 at 14:21:01 phoebeprunelle They are familiar with their own history and culture This is debateable. Due to colonialism, most Africans on the continent of Africa practice watered down versions of their former selves. The indigenous/traditional culture has largely been replaced by Christian and Islamic value systems. I have lived in three different African countries to date. Don’t worry, I know, I honestly wished I edited that post before submitting it. At my former University a young woman from Africa remarked how middle schoolers knew who her home country’s current leader was when she didn’t.Then there is the lost of language as well at times. But TY for your input anyhow. I welcome any corrections or suggestions. ^ I think i was just adding on to what you say. Smh at the young woman you mentioned. My time in Ethiopia was marked by frustration and just plain anger, lol. I was at a school there and young men and women my age (who were teachers!) did not know how the African American diaspora came to be. Meaning they are not taught about the trans Atlantic slave trade as a part of African history. @DeeDee – No, I havent misunderstood you….infact it seems we are both preaching to the choir. “They are familiar with their own history and culture, so why do the outsiders looking in opinion matter so much to you?” The point I was trying to make was actually about the fact it is wrong that outsiders are trying to determine what the identity of Egyptians should be and/or refer to them as ‘invaders’. Like you said, they were forced fed Islam and Arabism, they didnt have a choice in that. It matters to me because I have heritege there and get a little annoyed when people dismiss modern Egyptians as ‘Arab invaders’. Ah, so it is personal for you. I can’t tell you how to feel about people you are connected to but I do suggest not letting the “arab invader” accusations affect you. Anger will eat away at you. Those folks are just ill informed, you can try to help them see the error in their views but if they can’t see it for themselves then they are a lost cause. What matters is that YOU know the truth and it is not your responsibility to convince other people of the truth. But keep up the good fight if you have to because eventually someone will be enlightened 😀 on Thu May 24th 2012 at 16:28:26 Donothep Im pretty sure S.O.Y Keita speaks about Africa being natrually diverse. Therefore there hasnt needed to be outside mixture to create the differences in appearence we see in countries like Egypt. Theres more videos of him that Id suggest checking out to anyone interested in the subject. This man knows his stuff. It would be good to see some Egyptian scholars/academics talking about the same things, be they black, white or anything inbetween. these are also interesting also, DeeDee, for an example of people dismissing modern Egyptians as ‘invaders’ have a read through some of the comments. on Thu May 24th 2012 at 17:09:10 deedee7789 If I would have known you were talking about youtube comments then I can understand being upset by the extremely rude comments. I stopped commenting on youtube when I mentioned that a video was telling the truth and some commenters called me racial epithets and one commenter said he would kill me if I was in the US (I never mentioned where I was from and I’m glad I didn’t). Some commenters on youtube.. are a scary bunch but just know it is easy from the rude ones to not have a filter because they are hidden behind the computer screen. I looked at some of the comments and just thought wow..I wonder how many of those people have ever VISITED Kmt. Have talked to people from that country? Have spoken with Eqyptologist who study the history and its people both past and present. I haven’t watched all of the videos but the fact the submitter knows that Kmt means “Black Land” and has interviewed people who are either from or descend from people from that country shows that her post is honest and well-informed. I can’t wait to watch the rest. Thanks for the links. Hi DeeDee, I hear you…..yes, youtubers and some forum commentors go all out with rude comments. Of course they shouldnt be taken too seriously. Its mainly the fact she seems to be of Egyptian heritege herself that is really good. Most people I’ve spoken to who have either done Egyptology or Near Eastern studies have all openly said Kmt means the ‘Black Land’. The debate that seems to rage is if this is in regards to the soil or skin colour and it mainly seems to be something Euro and Afrocentrics argue over, from my experience at least and thats not to discredit Afrocentricity. It has offered a very valid perspective of history and should not be undermined. What I feel is wrong is all we seem to have is these two extremes (afro vs euro) and we need something inbetween; what about the grey areas??? The other thing that doesnt sit well with me is the fact people dismiss actual Egyptians (on forums at least). While Egypt is in Africa and an African civilisation, that doesnt mean the people all look the same and it doesnt mean Egyptians (ancient or modern) are exactly the same as all other Africans, in appearence, culture and other areas. They should still be able to be proud Africans. In other words, we need to move away from racialising things so much and using colour as the only or main marker. Its just feeding rasicm. Embrace diversity. Yes “Egypt” was founded by Africans and was always considered African UNTIL a century after europeans started studying them (i.e., around 1800). First, ancient “Egyptians” literally called themselves “black”. “Km’t” translates to “Egyptian” in most dictionaries. “Km” translates to black. Now I know many of you will say well it refers to the black soil, but that is only your opinion, so let’s look at this objectively. Greek historians knew them to be descendants of Osiris the Ethiopian (Nubian) who turned Egypt into a habitable place: Diodorus: “Osiris being come to the borders of Ethiopia, raised high banks on either side of the river, lest, in the time of its inundation it should overflow the country…” Osiris (Wsr) has the title “km’wr” which means black bull. No disrespect to the Egyptians of present or Copts, but I don’t understand why they would deny their other ancestry. It is a fact that Egypt was invaded and populated by outsiders multiple times over thousands of years, first by the Hyksos (1700s BC) , Persians (525-330 BC), Greeks remember when Alexander the built Alexandria, and made Egypt his home c. 300 BC?), Romans (30 BC-641 AD), Ottomans (1517-1867 AD). Anyone who knows Egypt’s history knows that it has been under foreign rule SINCE 525 BC, and some of you ignorantly contend modern Egyptians are the same as the ancients? LOL. on Thu Aug 30th 2012 at 03:52:33 Egypt Egyptians where mostly a mix of Middle Eastern and Black African descent. Some of the suggestion made are simply by racist people. To suggest that white people went around painting the hieroglyphics to make them look more white is crazy! There are text all over the place that describe the Egyptians as fairer then black people indicating the mix. Also copper skinned is not black copper more accurately describes Middle Easterners skin tone. Many documents other than paintings on wall exist that show pictures with varying skin tones anyone who does not except these various forms of evidence as proof of the mixed culture is simply being racist. For thousands of years the Egyptians held the Hebrews (Jews) as slaves. These slaves as well as the slaves from the southern regions in Africa are the people who helped build the pyramids. the various rulers of Egypt have been painted on tombs and papyrus as having various colors of skin so to argue the culture is only black or white is silly. Most Egyptian scholars regardless of race agree the culture has always been mixed. The debate is amongst outsiders of the country who are looking for a pride booster. Many of these pictures date back 4,000 plus years old. yes many countries invaded Egypt from around the 500 BC period. However much older documents suggest so called (non Africans) have been a part of their society for thousands of years prior to 500 BC. Now for my opinion after studying Egyptian history most of my life I believe that Egypt early on quickly became a country comprised of people from all over the region if you remember ancient history many cultures were tribal both black and white at the time of the start of the Egyptian civilization I believe this mixture of cultures is what made Egypt so successful and long lasting . This mix of culture probably accounts for the emphases of pictures on their language. on Thu Aug 30th 2012 at 03:55:27 SomeGuy For thousands of years the Egyptians held the Hebrews (Jews) as slaves. One other note in reference to the comments made here the Mesopotamian culture was the root of Greece culture and in turn Roman culture. Although the Egyptians were no doubt a great civilization their contributions came later, after all the oldest pyramid in Africa is well over 400 years newer than the ancient Mesopotamian pyramid type structures. Also if you compare the earliest art work of Egypt to that of the Mesopotamian art that is dated 2,000 years older (not talking about cave drawings but art on infrastructure) there are some similarities indicating to me and others who study these cultures that Egypt like so many other great civilization were influenced by the many cultures around them. based on everything I mentioned I do not think it is far fetched to believe that tribal people in countries north of Egypt as well as the tribal people south of Egypt occupied the land at similar times and formed one society which is now known as ancient Egypt. Some Guy, Good catch! I meant to say hundreds of years I wrote thousands because the the time frame thousands of years ago, early on, before various civilizations came in and took over. The slaves were around 1444-1250 BC and were not freed until around 900-700 BC the dates are debated by scholars they were slave for about 420 years if anyone is interested to know. Point being within about 1500 years from the start of the first dynasty there is concrete evidence through diggings and historical documents that large amounts of middle eastern people were in one way or another involved in Egyptian society.”the last pharaoh” of Egypt Cleopatra came from a Greek family. on Thu Aug 30th 2012 at 09:01:09 GoldFire LOL, meanwhile, homo sapiens originated in Ethiopia. Interesting that Egypt would argue that Mesopotamian civilization predated Egyptian. It’s not really an argument, it is what we know so far based on carbon dating of objects and infrastructure consistent with an organized established civilization. I may love Egypt but I accept what we know of the facts of history first. If we keep digging maybe things will change. on Fri Aug 31st 2012 at 04:27:11 Egypt Goldfire, Although the oldest skulls discovered at this time were found in Ethiopia their is no evidence of a civilization existing there this early on a Civilization is an advanced state of human society, in which a high level of culture, science, industry, and government has been reached.with this definition in mind the Mesopotamian civilization predates the Egyptian civilization by anywhere from 5,000 – 4,000 years on Wed Feb 6th 2013 at 03:51:15 Maanai Hello! First Id just like to say wonderful thread it has put forth alot of the speculation in perspectives of understanding and answers many common questions. To others id like to say why are you saying ancient egypt was an african society? As if egypt has just packed its belongings and moved elsewhere? Egypt is still in Africa. Anyone who lives in africa, is bloodlined african, or is from africa is african. Not caucasian. Why? because people from africa or with african bloodlines are africans & called that cause it is where they are from. I believe everyone originated in africa from Eden. However thats another topic. I think that the Caucasians are egocentric about ancient egypt being as whites & not black because any white person who thinks that way is out for the title of all glory and all great. They can only get away with that because of the damaged sculptures giving them reason to “rebuild” & make a “potential” figure of what was. however they have no proof its a reconstruction!! Second because the paintings were all different colors so they are able to say this picture of this egyptian is white so they were white the others are slaves. But no, not at all true. Whites are white because of where they live and they live in northern areas where sun isnt that intense as opposed to africans who are darker which is a natural skin protectant from sun. I say this because if you put a Caucasian in africa without sunscreen, they will surely burn up. So how do they think they wouldve survived living there then without sunscreen? they couldnt! Anyway just because there was apinting of lighter people didnt mean they lived or were from egypt. maybe they were just visiting. But no one ever thinks of things like that because egocentrics think with their eyes not their brains. No one was there who is living now unless you find a reincarnation but other than that all we can do is guess. As for phenotypes… get real .I am from Luxor Egypt and I have what some would call “white features” but my skin is colored of an indian from india. Phenotypes meaning features on the outside do not determine genetics. Alot of people look alike & are from totally different ethnic backgrounds. SO that eliminates that thought. Until someone can find a slab stating “We ancient egyptians were black or white” no one has right to ‘claim’ anything. If it is that important though im sure you can get DNA tests & im sure most whites would fail just from the truth of there are no white people of africa who are from there originally in this age. on Wed Feb 6th 2013 at 04:56:24 Fiamma “Ramesses III According to a genetic study in December 2012, Ramesses III, second Pharaoh of the Twentieth Dynasty and considered to be the last great New Kingdom king to wield any substantial authority over Egypt, belonged to Y-DNA haplogroup E1b1a, mainly found in sub-saharan Africa.[22]” http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_haplogroups_of_historical_and_famous_figures Of course, as I’ve stated in comments in other sections some months back, neither Y-DNA nor mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), as viewed separately from autosomal DNA, can be taken as indicators of an individual’s race. However, if it holds that the above haplogroup ‘E1b1a’ indeed is the Y-DNA haplogroup of Ramses III, then there is a strong possibility that he descended from a ‘mainland’ African male. [Mitochondrial DNA is passed from mother to child; Y-DNA is passed from father to son only.] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haplogroup_E-V38_(Y-DNA) on Wed Feb 6th 2013 at 20:49:30 poetess Sounds like the original Egyptians were what we would commonly call black. on Wed Apr 17th 2013 at 13:42:28 Kirsty To the anonymous person who said: ” ‘whites’ do have a reason to claim Ancient Egypt was not originally ‘black’. Whites had to find a way to morally justify to the world and to themselves that ‘black’ people were inferior. Claiming that ‘black’ people never contributed anything to mankind was one of the them. This is racist. Some whites want to feel they are superior or that racism is justified. But to say ‘whites think this’ is just as bad as saying ‘blacks think x’ As a white person I have no desire to feel superior to anyone because of race – ,we’re all just human on a sliding scale from ‘black’ to ‘white’ anyway! Btw, I think this post is good. So much stuff about ancient Egyptians on the web is written by either white supremacists or black supremacists. This is balanced and sensible, and based on evidence not prejudice. on Thu May 9th 2013 at 05:06:00 ken willims Who ever put the above article togerther has got most of his information all mixed up . ” Egyptians considered themselves a different race ” When did he interview any of them ? The egyptian language has definite African Bantu origins . Ta Seti was the first ” egyptian culture” to be established and it’s people came up from the interior of Africa . So why is it such a mystery as to what the original ” Race ” the egyptians were . This ongoing insanity to create and maintain a mysterious race of Egyptians that are so different from black africans is just another historical carry over of the illogical and ridiculous eurocentric white supremacist ideas about classifying races on the african continent . Now is the time for Africans to wrestle Egyptology from the clutches of the distorters of our civilization, by a more forceful and public attack on their lies. We must expose to the light of truth, every falsification and every claim of a European or Asian origin of Kemit and re-establish the link with our ancestors for the sake of our children on Thu May 9th 2013 at 05:16:51 Fiamma Well, whatever the race of the ancient Egyptians might have been, the face of Sphinx certainly shows marked prognathism — a distinctly ‘Negroid’ / non-‘Caucasoid’ trait as stormfront types love to point out …. It is so amazing that so many on this page is so damn ignorant about the versitility of the African race of people . I dare anyone on this page to prove to me that any where on this earth past and present that they show where Black folks all looked alike . Why in the world should ancient Egypt that’s in Africa be any different ? Ken Willims, if your snotty comment was in reference to my post, kindly point out specific examples of my “ignorance” (you have a nerve!), and, while you’re at it, point out where I used the words “Black” or “African”, and where I made a reference to “all Blacks” in ANY context. Also, while you’re at it, work on your reading comprehension I would say that I’m going to wait, but I’m not . Ta-ta. It ‘s very obvious that you comprehended my point . Ta Ta ! on Wed Jun 12th 2013 at 18:58:44 jane the jew This is why it upsets me so when I hear ancient Hebrews were white supremacist becuse they had a high percentage of Egyptian mixed descents Joseph was married to an Egyptian women and his descendants were mixed Moses was mixed and his wife was a woc I could go on and name more biblical figures that were black but I be here for a long time so… on Thu Jun 20th 2013 at 15:24:30 resw77 @despina “Egyptians” shaved their heads before burial…and in general kept no body hair whatsoever. After death, hair ceases to grow, and so any hair on a mummy is a wig, which was often glued to the scalp, and any Egyptologist knows this. Modern Greeks and ancient Greeks circa the era of Herodotus are not the same. The ancient Greeks recognised their admixture with both African and European blood, and often portrayed themselves with brown skin (which you would see had not European museums whitewashed ancient Greek art). They also admitted that they believed Greek civilisation sprang from the settlement of Egyptian colonists. Since then, Greece has changed drastically, and there have been several major foreign occupations of and migrations by Greeks out of Greece. on Thu Jun 20th 2013 at 15:39:28 Linda “resw77, After death, hair ceases to grow, and so any hair on a mummy is a wig, which was often glued to the scalp, and any Egyptologist knows this.” Good point… and also to add, the Egyptians (and other Africans) used Henna to darken the hair and Henna turns the hair Red, especially grey hair… so that natural “red” hair came from the natural bushes. How do you arrive at “20% to 30%”? Even if you were right, it would mean that modern Greeks are still not the same as the ancients. But, a recent DNA study of the most ancient Greeks (Minoans) showed that they most commonly shared haplogroup H, which has its highest frequency among the Tuaregs of Africa. Although H is also quite common in other parts of Europe, it is least common among modern Greeks and other southeastern Europeans. And yes the ancient Greeks were indeed mixed. A genetic study found Greeks share DRB1 alleles with Ethiopians, suggesting some migration from Africa to Greece at some point in history. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11260506?dopt=Abstract Diodorus (a Sicilian Greek) even told us about some Africans who came to Greece: “Moreover, certain of the rulers of Athens were originally Egyptians…Erechtheus also, who was by birth an Egyptian, became king of Athens…in proof…Once when there was a great drought…Erechtheus, through his racial connection with Egypt, brought from there to Athens a great supply of grain…” “Even the Athenians, they say, are colonists from Sais in Egypt” “I have a feel that you think we dont recognize that. We recognise that. Just we care about “us” these times.. and now more with economic crisis. Is a survival thing, not a superior.” You’re right, that is what I thought. But I get it. It’s important for you to pretend to be the same as the ancient Greeks…as some sort of morale boost. on Fri Jun 21st 2013 at 00:55:38 resw77 Since many Ethiopians share some genes with Greeks, I guess they also have an equal claim to ancient Greece, using your logic. on Fri Jun 21st 2013 at 02:34:04 ken willims This ongoing insanity and agony to create and maintain a mysterious race of Ancient Egyptians that are so different from Black Africans is illogical and ridiculous . The egyptian language has definite African Bantu origins . Ta Seti acording to physical evidence was no doubt the first ” egyptian culture” to be established and it’s people The egyptian language has definite African Bantu origins . Ta Seti was the first ” egyptian culture” to be established and it’s people came up from the interior of Africa . So why is it such a mystery as to what the original ” Race ” the egyptians were . So why is it such a mystery as to what and who the original ” Race ” the egyptians were ? The Black African race has always been a people of diversity . @ken willims You’re right, and Cheikh Ante Diop even proved that the Kemetic language was related to Wolof and ancient Kemetic cultural practices were similar to what we find all over traditional Africa today (but completely opposite the ancient Greek/European practices). Egyptologists know the truth, but admitting it forces revised thought about Africans’ place in history, and threatens both funding for these archaeological excavations and tourism to Egypt. on Mon Jun 24th 2013 at 12:38:11 Mary Smith I think the problem is with the question. Here is what I would ask? Who started the Egyptian civilization? Who built the first pyramids in Egypt. The answer is pretty simple. The indigenous people of that area, who were black. Period. (I’m not sure why people have such a hard time believing this. Think of the Incas and the Mayan civilization and their architecture and progress in science and astronomy. Both were indigenous and didn’t have much contact with the outside world) Now if you ask the question was Egypt a black civilization then the question starts to get a bit complex. As Egypt started to get rich and as trade picked up, it became a target of invaders. You will notice this with the change in the features of paintings and drawings in Ancient Egyptian artifacts. But even then I wouldn’t say the ruling class was pure “brown”. I think race was less of an issue in the ancient world. But one thing is clear, till Alexander conquered Egypt I would say it was a black empire and then a black-brown empire. Finally, I’m going to teach my child about all the ancient, ancient civilization. I believe they were way more progressive then we were, had an inclination for science, feared mother earth and worshiped her, and lived in quite an equal society, with women revered for the power to sustain life. on Mon Jun 24th 2013 at 13:54:46 sam I personally think that the whole concept of race is the reason why this question gets into such quackmire. Race, as we today understand it, did not exist at the time of egyptian greatness. Anyone who has been in Egypt and watched those paintings and descriptions on stone of the people of Egypt, or of the ruling pharaos and ruling class, can see that the whole issue of race of egyptians is the invention of our times. For the egyptians of old it was not an issue at all. Some of their pharaos were black in every sense of the word, some were more of a mediterannen look, some of their wives were dark and some very pale, some of the soldiers were black and some not, servants came from every “race” possible etc. What is the point in this discussion, and what should be the very point, is the fact that no matter what “complexion” egyptians were or what “race” we like to give them 6000 years after the fact, they were africans. The Old Egypt was african. Period. It is only today, when we are so immersed into racism and its racial concepts, we try to convince ourselves that race was an important issue for them too, or that race is The question about Egypt. And this has been so since the white europeans began to white wash Egypt in 1800’s and tried to prove that it was not an african civilization. The only fact that matters to me, and it matters very much more than the assumed skin color or thickness of lips of the egyptians, is that Egypt was an african civilization. Period. I think there is a reason why egyptian civilization is been seen as the proto type of african civilizations, and why some wish to see it as either originating from central Africa or giving cultural influence over the whole continent. The reason for this is that we are so accustomed to think trough domination of the “western”/american culture these days that we assume that Egypt was somehow the USA of those times and there fore influenced everything and everyone in Africa. This was not true. I think it is very narrow way to look at Africa, the most diverse and complex continent in the planet. Africa has produced many civlizations and has much more diverse cultural spheres than any other continent. To claim that Egypt at its peak somehow dominated the whole continent is underestimating the continent and its size and people. If there were the phoenicians, greeks, romans and finally the “europeans” on the north side of Mediterannean sea, there were dozens or hundreds of nations, kingdoms, empires, cultures in Africa at the same time. Egypt might have looked as the only game in town (well, the other game in town since nubians were also in sight) when looked from the northern side of Mediterannean or from Asia, but looking from the African continent, it was just one show going on up north. I think we should remember this when we think about Egypt and its huge impact on the western world, and when we think about the people of Egypt. on Mon Jun 24th 2013 at 20:13:46 resw77 “Race, as we today understand it, did not exist at the time of egyptian greatness.” It’s funny how many people say that without an iota of evidence. The tombs of Ramses III or Seti I (mostly damaged) shows that races were clearly identified. Just add to my previous post. When people say whites built the Ancient civilization that in itself is so wrong. Many “Europeans” themselves didn’t consider Greeks, Italians or Spanish as “whites”. The fact remains even today these countries can never really call themselves “whites”. They are way, way, way too mixed for that. Why do you think the Nazi’s thought these Mediterranean countries as an inferior race. ( Sorry to bring up the Nazis) The real interaction with the whites ( that the Romans called Barbarians) started only after the long decline of the Egyptian empire. Additionally, for a long period of time, the Egyptians didn’t really have contact with the outside world because they were highly self sustained because of the Nile. Lastly, as I stressed again, when the Spanish invaded the Americas the Incas had been in spectacular decline, despite the fact that they had vast reserves of natural resources. But the true extent of the progress especially in science, astronomy and maths of that civilization baffles even the most learned. How do you think that happened? Lucky for them because of geography they will never have people claiming that the Incas were actually bunch of white people masquerading as native Americans! And not to mention the architecture of the Incas and the Mayans! on Tue Jun 25th 2013 at 01:57:08 Adeen Honestly I think the ancient Egyptians were Black. They may have had some Arab admixture but I doubt it would dilute their African features very much. There was no way that the Egyptians were White as depicted on TV. It was in Africa, for crying out loud! I have proof too. The ancient Israelites were Black people and were confused for Egyptians in the Old and New Testament of the Bible. (http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XYXE3tnXVKo) (http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=77PjbqULBMY) Videos proofing ancient Egyptians were Black Africans. Proof that ancient Hebrew Israelites were also Black African people: (http://www.stewartsynopsis.com/physical_appearance_of_ancient_i.htm) (http://sarabe3.tripod.com/israeliteimages.html) This is the best link yet. It shows the images that ancient nations such as Assyrians, Babylonians etc had of ancient Israelites. And their appearance looked like Black African people too. The so called Jews today aren’t descendants of the Biblical Jews at all. Askenazi Jews, which makes up most of today’s Jewry, are actually Gentiles. Genesis 10:3 backs my claim. Askenazi is the son of Gomer, who was the grandson of Japheth, one of Noah’s sons. Japheth’s descendants are considered Gentiles not Israelites. on Wed Jul 3rd 2013 at 20:36:45 d23s4 A rather worthless afrocentric point of view here-the ancient Egyptians never painted themselves as negriods. They differenciated themselves through their statues and artwork. Also DNA supports the ancient and modern Egyptians are the same. So a personal opinion from the author who wished the ancient Egyptians were negriods The book of the dead is a classic example of how the ancient Egyptians viewed themselves. The negroid Maiherpi-the fan bearer to the Pharoah is painted jet black with nappy hair and the Egyptians red or yellow with straight hair. on Thu Jul 4th 2013 at 01:36:41 ken willims Let’s all remember what the great Dr. Ivan Van Sertima said about The ancient African contribution to world history . ” We as Black people have the right and the duty to reclaim our history that was taken from us and more importantly to set the record straight ” . I personally don’t understand why all Black Folk can’t simply adhere to those common sense principals about solving ” this problem ” about the identity of who were the Ancient Egyptians . We need to stop completly using racial identification standards created by our enemies to keep us divided intellectually and so confused that we can’t never move forward with this dilemma . I will say this again and again : Now is the time for Africans to wrestle Egyptology from the clutches of the distorters of our civilization, by a more forceful and public attack on their lies. We must expose to the light of truth, every falsification and every claim of a European or Asian origin of Kemit and re-establish the link with our ancestors for the sake of our children. on Thu Jul 4th 2013 at 01:57:33 resw77 I thought we had some help with Morsi as leader in Egypt, since he acknowledges his partial “Nubian” heritage and promised to help displaced Nubians return to their homelands…but looks like he just got ousted. on Sun Sep 1st 2013 at 18:07:41 Pee Just because Morsi acknowledges his partial Nubian does not necessarily mean he is going to help Nubians, it could transpare that he was using them to meet his politicals as many past Egyptian have done in past as histroy as taught us. Pee on Sun Sep 1st 2013 at 19:16:55 resw77 @Pee “Just because Morsi acknowledges his partial Nubian does not necessarily mean he is going to help Nubians” FYI he also met with and made promises to the Nubian community to at least bring attention to the issue of displacement. http://english.ahram.org.eg/NewsContent/1/64/66124/Egypt/Politics-/President-Morsi-promises-Egyptian-Nubians-long-awa.aspx on Mon Oct 21st 2013 at 02:45:09 Wtf? Was this ment to be racest? xD I don’t think racist American slave owners could have known what real anchent Egyptians looked like, because to me atleast modern anchen Egyptians look like a mix of black and white, and that 10 percent law no longer is in existence of any country lol, you act like it is still in effect today, and for any one here that is racest… Humans are all more than 99.99 percent related we are the most related species on the planet even fruit flies have more diversity than humans in relation to each other which is a little less then 80 percent, the only way humans are different are in the skin… But every one has thier own personality no matter where thier from or what color they are… And it’s sad how somewhat racist articles and things like this come up, it should not matter what color any one is. on Thu Oct 31st 2013 at 05:55:17 TYBO2020 @WTF?..SO WHAT’S YOUR POINT..AND FOR A PROPER BIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS COMPARE EUMELANIN (SELENIUM BASED/ALKALINE/NEGROID) WITH PHEOMELANIN (SULFUR BASED/ACIDIC/CAUCASIAN)..GLOVES ARE OFF..THE FALSEHOOD MUST END..IT’S DEEPER THAN SKIN.. on Fri Nov 8th 2013 at 19:21:14 Imac Philly africans are all shades of brown… from light to dark even some shades of white. africans have all shades. plus it really don`t matter because all races have some african blood….. all races. egypt is in africa….. African blood. on Sun Nov 10th 2013 at 04:50:33 Inferno I for one believe that the ancient Egyptians were what we call black today. They share the same culture. They share the same burial rites. Language can be argued to have African roots. Its strange that some people attempt to portray Africans as being some how trapped in South Africa. As if they just stayed South or migrated WEST. While its simple human nature to follow the WATER. The Nile river flowed up so why would people assume that the africans just stayed south. Africans, when using Biology have the most diverse GENES on the planet. That can not be argued. Why then, would we/people assume that they have to look a certain way? I read another poster state: Well they are not black and they are not white..they are Egyptian. Really, i would suspect that those same people who claim this are attempting to mask their true beliefs. And are in fact hiding behind the ENGLISH language….. on Mon Dec 23rd 2013 at 04:27:51 Sharina @ Christopher Columbus “It is not me who is obsessed with skin color of people…..its YOU”—I could not tell consider all your post have consisted of “he is white get over it.” If you were not then this would not be your….oh I lost count..post declaring the whiteness of said individuals. 🙂 “This post is all about your obsession with skin color and how anything that white is bad and anything black is good.”—Yet no one said any of this so I take it you are projecting though most if not all of your posts were anyway. “Here are the facts concerning these fictional characters Santa=White The Lone Ranger=White St.Nicholas=White” Well that is simply your opinion though I doubt you can depict the difference between the two. Here are a few facts though Santa= fictional character that can be any color The Lone Ranger=fictional character that can be any color (though evidence suggests he is not white only that the man in the book is white and is Captain Hughes). St. Nicholas=Not white by your American standards of race (he is brown). “Here are facts concerning historical peoples Ancient Egyptians= Egyptians(not a black phenotype but a Caucasian phenotype) Nubians = Black Phenotype Deputy Marshall Reeves=Black” Actual Facts: Egyptians—“Kemp states that the “black/white argument is understandable as a symptom of modern political expression … The over-simplified choice that it offers, however, does not lead to an appropriate evaluation of such evidence and understanding as we have.”[17] The 2001 Oxford Encyclopedia of Ancient Egypt states that “Any characterization of race of the ancient Egyptians depends on modern cultural definitions, not on scientific study.” “Recent DNA studies of Ancient Egyptian mummies of a New Kingdom dynasty have confirmed Sub-Saharan African origins for notable New Kingdom pharoahs from both the Rameses III (from 1186 B.C.) and Amarna (from 1353 B.C.) lineages: In December 2012, Zahi Hawass, the former Egyptian Minister of State for Antiquities Affairs and his research team released DNA studies of Rameses III (who historically is assumed to have usurped the throne and as such may not represent earlier lineages) and his son have found he carried the Sub-Saharan African Haplogroup E1b1a, and as a result clustered most closely with Africans from the African Great Lakes (335.1), Southern Africa (266.0) and Tropical West Africa (241.7) and not Europeans (1.4), Middle Easterners (14.3) or peoples from the Horn “ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ancient_Egyptian_race_controversy As I said only morons believe and put a race to it. “Deputy Marshall Reeves=Black”—No one said he was not black. “Now lets stop the derailment of this thread.”—Oh but after you. I sure getting your azz handed to you each post can be quite painful. 🙂 on Tue Feb 25th 2014 at 19:55:29 pedro morejon is funny but europeans were still cromagnon cave dwellers at the time of the ancient egyptian delvelopment and their highest civilazation period. Since egypt developed the culture and civilization that later civilazed the modern world and the svages that lived in europe via the greeks who took their civillizaton from the egyptians. It is very easy not to accept the truth when it is hitting you in the face. It is obvious that the europeans that came to America were very distructive here as well as in Europe where they knew nothing but war and destruction. It is a fact that the world is this mess because of Europen hands that are in control and continue to destroy. Do not cover the truth with nonesense on Tue Feb 25th 2014 at 20:24:15 ken willims We need to wake up people . The History Channel is never going to admit that Ancient Kemetians ( egypt ) was conceived , created , and maintained by honest to goodness Black Africans . I think between the bank accounts of people like Ophra , Tyler , Jzee, and Beyounce , us negro folk could have our own History Channel . But with this group mental make up matrix , that reality will never happen . I’ll bet Tom Hanks would go for it . on Sat Apr 26th 2014 at 13:13:23 John Yikes. You have taken some massive liberties with this post. Much is plain wrong. I appreciate that you limit your words, but you should be more careful how you spin the limited info you provide. Is it more important to spread your opinion or the truth? Have another look at the Old Testament. It’s clear you are little confused. https://abagond.wordpress.com/2010/07/26/the-seven-levels-of-disagreement/ on Wed May 7th 2014 at 05:13:53 Destroy Ignorance Black people- and by Black I mean the descendants of sub Sahara blacks who were brought to north America as slaves, are so desperate to feel better about their lowly heritage, they try to appropriate a history that isn’t theirs. It would be like the Irish trying to claim ancestors built the Roman coliseum, because they are part of Europe too. Very transparent and sad, not to mention embarrassing. Even if there was truth to the belief, the slaves brought to America, we’re from sub saharan tribes on the mostly southern west coast of Africa. on Thu May 29th 2014 at 21:16:39 Anwar The ancient Egyptians were black. black is not an American construct at all. The Arabs of the prophet muhammad (saas) and later considered their color to be the same as that of the Ethiopians and East Africans. They called this color black in comparison to the whiteness of the Persians, Greco-Romans and other Europeans. You even stated how those ancient Greeks considered those people black. The Arabs also called many of the Indians who are the same color as many black Africans, black. The Arabs strictly amongst themselves used black only to refer to people whose colors were actually close to the true black. Just as Black Americans do. As for Destroy Ignorance who is actually promoting ignorance blackness is not limited to Africa or African genetics, it is a color. You have straight haired blacks and kinky haired blacks and in some places you can find both hair types within the same black people. The Irish were white, as the Romans were (although the Romans had a tan from having some black ancestry), this is in comparison to the darker peoples of the planet. So both were white just as Ancient Egyptians, Ancient true blooded Arabs, many Berbers, Papua New Guineans, Melanesians and black Africans are all blacks, despite varying shades.!!!! on Fri May 30th 2014 at 17:43:02 ken williams From the Cave of Swimmers, Sahara Desert, Egypt near the Syrian border. Neolithic pictographs (rock painting images) clearly portrays Black Africans swimming. They are estimated to have been created 10,000 years ago during the time of the most recent Ice Age.Substantial portions of the cave have been irreversibly damaged by visitors over the years. Fragments of the paintings have been removed as souvenirs, and some surfaces have cracked after water was applied to ‘enhance’ their contrast for photographs. The Cave of the Swimmers, Egypt. figures are about the size of a human hand. The cave and rock art was discovered in 1933 by László Almásy. The Neolithic rock paintings of people swimming, estimated to have been made 10,000 years ago during the most recent Ice Age. When found many people did not believe they could represent actual swimmers. In 2007,Eman Ghoneim discovered an ancient Mega-Lake (30,750 km²) buried beneath the sand of the Great Sahara in the Northern Darfur region, Sudan. on Fri May 30th 2014 at 19:17:36 Sharina Destroy Ignorance Perhaps you can start by destroying your ignorance. People did move all over. They did not remain in one area over time. You are drawing a conclusion based on two different time periods to mean one group can not be from another. Even in the old testament it does not put a race on the people. So perhaps over time you have confused the truth with your opinion. on Sat May 31st 2014 at 01:11:33 ken williams A race of men now rejected for their black skin and woolly hair founded on the study of the laws of nature, those civil and religious systems which still govern the universe.” (Count C.F. Volney, esteemed French academician, 1787). A EUROPEAN’S CONVICTION THAT ANCIENT KHEMET (EGYPT) WAS A BLACK AFRIKAN CIVILIZATION ‘’When I visited the Sphinx, I could not help thinking the figure of that monster furnished the true solution of the enigma.” ‘Still, enough of the original face remained for Volney to conclude that its stony features “were precisely those of a Negro” and that the ancient Egyptians themselves must have been “real Negroes, of the same species with all the natives of Africa.” As for the modern Egyptians, with their “yellowish dusky complexion” and mulatto” appearance, Volney concluded that “after mixing for so many ages with the Greeks and Romans, they have lost the intensity of their first colour, yet they still retain strong marks of their original conformation” “how are we astonished…when we reflect that to the race of negroes, at present our slaves and the objects of our extreme contempt, we owe our arts, sciences, and even the very use of speech; and when we recollect that, in the midst of those nations who call themselves the friends of liberty and humanity, the most barbarous of slaveries is justified; and that it is even a problem whether the understanding of negroes be of the same species with that of white men”. “The Ruins: or a Survey of the Revolution of Empires…in the pages of ‘The Ruins’, that Volney firmly concluded that civilization had been first conceived “on the borders of the Upper Nile, among a black race of men. Western civilization indeed owes its existence largely to Black Africans…Volney wrote in a time before archaeology and anthropology became proper sciences.” on Sat May 31st 2014 at 01:30:50 Herneith Volney of course wasn’t the only European to think so as you probably know. Before the ‘Scramble for Africa’ commenced, there were others such as Champollion who thought along similar lines. They are starting to find archeological ‘evidence'(probably suppressed before), that Egypt started out as a black civilization and was for most of it’s greatest epochs(‘d say up until the mid 18th dynasty). Many of the oldest gods originated in Nubia such as Osiris. That should tell these Europeans something right there but they are obtuse to anything which would make the Egyptians racialized. CAIRIO SYMPOSIUM (1974) 1974 Unesco Conference On Ancient Egypt Origins The question of “What race were the ancient Egyptians?” was emphatically resolved at the historic international Cairo Symposium, held from January 28 – February 3, 1974. The United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) convened 20 of the world’s top Egyptologists to debate the race of the founders of ancient Egyptian civilization.[1] Until this symposium, it was assumed by the vast majority of European Egyptologists that the ancient Egyptians were either Caucasians or western Asiatics. Outside of Black scholars, few writers in the world agreed that the people of pharaonic Egypt were black Africans. At the Cairo Symposium only two African scholars, Cheikh Anta Diop and Theophilé Obenga, held that the Egyptians were black Africans, while the other participants took opposing positions against the Diop-Obenga thesis. Their scholarly opponents offered virtually no evidence to substantiate the two long-held popular theories of the western Asiatic or Caucasoid origin of the ancient Egyptians. These popular theories certainly needed to be proven, because they are contradicted by all of the objective evidence, such as the temple and tomb reliefs, paintings, sculpture, written records of other nations, linguistic terms, mummy remains, Egyptian customs, and royal and spiritual symbols.[2] Armed with a formidable body of evidence from numerous disciplines, Diop presented specific information to prove the black origins of Kemet (ancient Egypt ). It is obvious from the conference report that Diop dominated the proceedings, and confronted with his solid arguments, most of the participants changed their positions during the conference. Prof. Torgny Save-Soderbergh ( Sweden ) and other participants argued that the concept of race was now outmoded and not appropriate for characterizing the ancient Egyptians. Prof. Abdelgadir Abdalla ( Sudan ) stated that it was more important to focus on the ancient Egyptian achievements rather than their race. Prof. G. Ghallab ( Egypt ) stated that the Egyptians were “Caucasoids.” However, the theory of an ancient population which was “white” with dark or black pigmentation was abandoned during the conference, as there was no evidence given to prove this assertion. Professors El Nadury ( Egypt ) and Grottanelli ( Italy ) argued that the Egyptian population was not a pure race and could only be regarded as “mixed.” Prof. Jean Vercoutter ( France ) remarked that “ Egypt was African in its way of writing, in its culture, and in its way of thinking.” He stated, however, that “the inhabitants of the Nile Valley had always been mixed.” Prof. Jean Leclant ( France ) added that there was an “African character in the Egyptian temperament and way of thinking” but that the “unity of the Egyptian people was not racial but cultural.” He stated the civilization was “neither white nor Negro.” Prof. Peter Shinnie ( Canada ), Vercoutter and others argued that terms such as “black” was too subjective and not well defined. Dr. Diop protested that these were not positive arguments presenting any evidence, but simply negative statements against his black African origins position. In fact Maurice Glélé, the neutral UNESCO representative, interjected on at least two occasions to state that if classifying people in terms of white, black, or yellow are so debatable and subjective then a revision should be made of the entire terminology of world history to avoid misconceptions. It is clear that the participants abandoned the old Caucasoid and western Asiatic theories and instead retreated to a new “mixed race” position, without presenting any meaningful evidence to support this new theory. Nevertheless, the conclusion of the official UNESCO report indicates the triumph of Diop and his colleague Obenga. It stated, “Although the preparatory working paper sent out by UNESCO gave particulars of what was desired, not all participants had prepared communications comparable with the painstakingly researched contributions of Professors Cheikh Anta Diop and Obenga. There was consequently a real lack of balance in the discussions.”[3] In laymen terms, Cheikh Anta Diop and Theophilé Obenga gave out an important academic spanking on a world stage. Western Egyptologists now unsuccessfully try and downplay the significance of Diop’s triumph over their colleagues. on Sat May 31st 2014 at 02:27:53 B. R. Yeah, Osiris was in the Igbo language , from many words that Nigerian professor mentioned… forget about Egypt, I want to know about this profound knowledge that was way before that , coming from as varied ethnicities as the Igbo and Pygmies, who were noted in Egypt 4000 years ago , for their dancing …now how far back could anyone imagine that really could be, when these concepts could have evolved…?..maybe many of thousands of years ago more than Egypt noted the dancing of the Pygmies, and their culture was portable…concepts tied together with other ethnicities in Africa like the Igbo and from the congo…kenya..senegal..ganda, tanzania ..uganda etc etc, these concepts are tied into all those areas..I mean how far back could it be that those concepts evolved in those areas..concepts of math, organic expresion of fractals, body control using all the fulcrums in the human body, ability to turn off the thinking brain, and get in touch with intuition and sub conciousness, what scientists say is seconds ahead of our concious brain…here are concepts realised by ancient humans that plugged right into these things , and how to get in touch with them….in a profound way… Im really interested because they have an absolutly garguantuan affect on cultures all the way down into today….in a big way…certainly as big as any contribution by any society anywhere…certainly as great as the Pyramids…they are constructions that are not physical…they deal from the inside, from the soul , and how these constructions are expressed outward in space and time and sound waves (in the sence that sound waves are important parts in how things evolve in the universe) ancient humans meaning of course the ones who are us ,who lived a long time ago on Tue Jul 15th 2014 at 10:36:46 James akha (chamber) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_DNA-tested_mummies http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/E1b1a So Last I heard people in Egypt saying releasing the results of the DNA testing of the mummies would be a threat to national security. I would assume the second link would answer why. on Tue Jul 15th 2014 at 16:20:08 Kwamla Yes some interesting links James akha (chamber) The DNA testing (released) could obviously clear much of this confusion up. Fully vindicating Cheikh Anta Diop’s, and placing in yet one more context,research. on Sun Sep 7th 2014 at 19:39:56 Bobby White Egyptians were Black/Hamites/Chemites, Khemites all mean Black. Cush, Aethiops, Ethiopians all mean Black or Burnt Faces. You need to explain why a settlement of White people would call themselves Black? And why would a settlement of White- Japhetic people worship Black gods? Egyptians worshiped Amon same as Zeus; they were Black gods. Their name means Black. But, when the Greeks adopted the Egyptian gods, they portrayed them as White, because they wanted to worship gods that looked like them. They called their White version Jupiter. Someone has already explain that:See post about Yoruba, Igbo tribal language. Egyptians spoke an Afro-Asiatic or Cushitic language according to linguist. This language is not native to Russia nor Europe. All European or Caucasians languages came from the Greeks who created their language from the Phoenician alphabets. Phoenician were descendants of Ham not Japheth. Japhetic people have settlements in cold climatic areas, like Russia and the Caucases Mountain. The Greeks gave their language to all of their descendants of Japheth. It is called Indo-European language family (French, Dutch, Spanish, German etc.) So, if Egyptians where White-Japhitic people, then why so many African tribes’ languages came from the Ancient Egyptians language? Before the Greeks gave the Japhitic race the Indo-Eruopean language which sprung many different forms, Roman historian Tacitus said, the British spoke a barbaric incoherent language. And, Afro-Asiatic language predates Indo-European languages. Therefore, it is impossible for white-Japhitic people to have been the indigenous people of Egypt. White-Japhetic culture and Black-Hamitic culture are very different. There was no evidence to point to Russia nor Europe when it came to Egyptian culture. White-Japhetic culture was ever a cow-cult, or cultivated watermelon and corn. Which are found on the tombs of Pharaohs? These things are all indigenous to the people of Ham/Black people of Africa and Cushitic/Hamitic/African culture. What about the famous mud brick homes where some Hamitic Africans live. They invented mud bricks and it progressed to the kiln where they cooked their bricks in oven, then to building structures. Show me this same progression coming from Russia, because archaeological finds of Hamitic bricks and pottery are found all over Africa. Ancient historians’ recorded that White-Japhetic people lived in tents and new nothing about architecture until they were taught by the Greeks. Then, lets not forget these things, White-Japhetic people thought the world was flat, the sun revolved around the earth, but certain African tribes who were from a certain caste (Dogon Mali), Ethiopians, Egyptians, Chaldeans (from Cush), People of the Indus Valley (Cush) and India (Cush) all except the Brahman Caste (Japhetic), new the earth was round, new that earth revolved around the sun. The Egyptians taught this knowledge to the Greeks who studied inside their schools of Mysteries. The Egyptians schools were made of mud bricks or stones. People like Aristotle, and Pythagorean brought their knowledge back to Greece- and were arrested or persecuted. If math originated from the Greeks, then why were they trying to kill Pythagorean? Greeks were not yet ready to grasp mathematical concepts, they thought it was witchcraft. Egyptians used perfumes, Europeans thought was witchcraft, Egyptians had funeral rituals used amongst Africans today. Europeans burnt their dead. There is no evidence that can place White-Japhetic people in Egypt. All White people living in Egypt today, are Hamitic either through mutations (light skin, yellow skin, albino white), or from a mixture of Shemitic people and Japhitic people. This means they descended from Black Hamitic people. There are also yellow and brown people also descended form the Black Hamitic people. I will explain in a later post. Some of the White people of Egypt are Hamitic-Whites (African). Some are Shemitic Whites (Asian) and some are Japhetic-Whites (Caucasian). Let me explain: some tribes claim lineage through their father, and not skin color like in America. If your father was White-Japhite then your descendants will claim White even though their skin is Black. There is a tribe in West Africa -Timbuktu who claims that they are White. This is very funny to Americans because they look like African-Americans. But, Mexicans claim White too, because of their Spanish white ancestor. Who are we to tell them they are not white, because we view race differently? Egyptians who say they are native Africans, but look White, are talking about their father’s lineage which can trace back to a Hamitic /Black ancestor. But, they get confused when it comes to the original skin color of their ancestor. They say, Egyptians were white, because they are white, not really understanding that Hamitic people were Black -and white skin is a mutation from a black/brown skin- or due to interbreeding with a different white race. Again, I am defining the different white races based off of ancient standards, and not by our modern standards. The rest of the Whites who claim to be White Egyptians are from the 100 or more tribes of Japhetic and Shemitic Arabs who settled in Egypt. And when you look at them, the majority of them are brown. Do yo want to know why? Read my next post. A 3,400-year-old deceased Egyptian king Rameses II A present-day southern Egyptian man compared to King Rameses II (of 1,300 years ago) who ruled Ancient Egypt for 67 years. A 1,300-years-old deceased Egyptian woman and a present-day southern Egyptian woman. Notice the hair texture and sandy color. Ancient Egyptians (of the 25th Dynasty) compared to a present-day Ethiopian highland woman. Ancient Egyptians and present-day Ethiopians. Present-day Central African women. Notice the elongated head of the woman braiding hair. Daughters of Akhenaton (circa 1350 BCE). A Central African girl. Notice her elongated head (circa 1962). A famous headbust of Akhenton’s daughter (circa 1350 BCE). A present-day East African man resting on a traditional wooden headrest. A 1,300-year-old Egyptian headrest. An Egyptian king’s headrest (18th Dynasty) http;//images.wisegeek.com/mummy.jpg A deceased king of the 19th Dynasty. Notice that his head is resting on a funerary headrest. Past and present-day ethnic groups in and near Egypt. The Middle East, according to the Bible was settled by the descendants of Shem. The reason why this is important is because many of the Shemitic names used in the Bible are found in ancient history writings and in artifacts during archaeological finds. For example, Shem son’s Ashur called his descendants Assyrians. The Assyrians have been quoted by many ancient historians. So, the Bible’s genealogy cannot be discredited. Descendants of Ham also settled in the Middle East, modern day Iraq/Iran- ancients called Mesopotamia. The Ham descendants in and around Mesopotamia where Canaan sons, and Kush/Cush’s sons. Shem descendants were described by Iranian legends as having dark skin and curly hair. Japhetic white people were described as Olive skin or white. So, dark skin must have meant darker than olive or tanned skinned white people we know of today. When you look at the carvings of the different groups of people, the curls of the men were tight and puffy, which suggest woolly hair. So, the Shemtic people living in the Middle East during ancient times, had woolly hair, just like some of the sons of Ham. Some of the sons of Ham had straight hair. These people are found in India and the Indus Valley and a lot are still in Africa, who were mistakenly called Asians during the European Colonization of Africa. on Mon Sep 8th 2014 at 05:27:12 ken williams on Sat Sep 13th 2014 at 14:38:14 Cultural Question For Copts on Islam - Page 2 - Christian Forums […] the Egyptians UNIVERSALLY have features we'd deem to be Negroid traits? Not really. However, scientifically and culturally, it is the case that the Egyptians were a part-Black people and that there were many cases of having Negroid features present (far from a […] on Tue Sep 16th 2014 at 17:14:18 chucks To be honest the reality of Eygpt being a civilization of people with dark skin is an amazing fact that changes a lot of views a to what the old world and eygpt was actually like. what shocks me is how black civilizations went from such a high profile to what it is today. But there is a fact we are truly forgetting that the so called Europeans had a similar downward spiral in civilization the fall of Rome to the Germanic tribes lead to what they call the dark age. As at the time until renaissance the average European could not read or write while in places in Africa like Timbuktu the could read even the city known for its large number of books. the fact is this shows civilizations rise and fall and they don’t exactly continue to rise this is a perception this generation is losing it simply answers the question as to the poor condition of present day Africans. I conclude by saying we Africans need a new from of renaissance how and when it will happen we might never know. on Thu Oct 30th 2014 at 02:18:44 Bobby M Egypt was probably mixed race, but you are right that most of them would be considered black in the US today. Ramesses II, however, was probably mostly white and had red hair. Genghis Khan had reddish-brown hair and grayish-green eyes, both of which imply a mostly white genotype. on Tue Nov 11th 2014 at 08:05:28 Michael Cooper @ Bobby M America was probably a mixed race landmass in 1200 CE. LOL!! Ancient Egypt became a noticeable mixed-race nation after periodic successful invasions. Prior to the Greek invasion ancient Egypt was still a predominantly black nation (despite prior invasions by the Hykos, Assyrians and Persians, respectively). The Khoisan people (Khoi Khoi and San) have the epicantic fold and yellowish skin hue, both of which imply a mostly East Asian phenotype (not genotype). We, as a modern people, have a lot to learn about ancient history and ethnic groups. There was once a discussion about why white people seem to believe certain features belong to them and if they do. on Tue Nov 11th 2014 at 14:24:27 thwack Note to nonwhite people How old was Ramesses 2nd when he died? His hair was probably gray; that mummy’s hair is red because it is dyed with henna. Don’t assume that just because white people put something in a museum, behind a glass case… that it is what they say it is. on Fri Nov 21st 2014 at 06:40:12 atifraza on Tue 11 Nov 2014 at 14:24:27thwack on Mon Jan 12th 2015 at 04:26:53 Eman I would not want to take credit for other civilizations . I think the whole idea of taking credit for African Egyptians is to not admit that black africans in ancient times were very Avanced black people. When I watch movies in America about the Jewish people, or the cannanites, or Egyptians or etc. The movies portray the people as white people. According to white people, every ancient civilization was white. It’s amazing to me that even when the evidence is right in their face, they will still deny what they see. I can see why when most black people are judged in a court room, they are found guilty by racist white people. I will add that not all white people are the same, because I have white in laws . on Mon Jan 12th 2015 at 08:17:23 Michael Cooper @ Eman Interesting comment. History, especially ancient history, does NOT mean anything to White people unless it validates who they are and what they’ve accomplished. The ancient Kushite (Nubian) civilization was a marvelous civilization, which, in actuality, predated and lasted longer than the ancient Egyptian civilization (3800 BCE to 550 ACE). However, the Kushite civilization is profoundly Black therefore to most White historians or archaeologists it’s not worth talking about. White archaeologists don’t make a big deal if a Kushite (Nubian) king or queen is unearthed. Cultural historian and archaeologist Anthony T. Browder was told the same thing by his White archaeologist peers when he and his archaeological team unearthed the 25th dynasty tomb of Kushite nobleman Karakhamun on the West Bank of Luxor a few years ago. My previous comment was in no way a discredit to the ancient Egyptian civilization. After all, the ancient Egyptian civilization (Kemet) from 3100-343 BCE was profoundly Black, too. Note: Dynasty 30 (380-343 BCE) was the last rulership by native-born Kemetic kings and queens. on Mon Jan 12th 2015 at 14:57:11 thwack it is my opinion that white people were more accurate with their descriptions and discoveries before anthropology and archeology became “professions” with the backing of big money, organizations or governments. Once you start paying people for their work, they tend to search for and find what ever you want them to find instead of whats really there. This is why I consider old work more accurate. http://realhistoryww.com/world_history/ancient/Misc/Old_Exotic_Pictures/Old_Exotic_Pictures.htm The paradox of new world monkeys is an example of the phenomenon. White people claim the people in south American got there by walking across the bering straits between Russia and Alaska; then all the way down to South America. Did the new world monkeys take that long walk? White people say no. White people say the monkeys in South America floated across the Atlantic ocean from Africa on big mats of grass. But for some reason they deny black people from Africa could do the same thing with boats. Monkeys can navigate the oceans but black people can’t. LOL on Thu Feb 19th 2015 at 18:57:27 Kuech Deng Atem The truth is that “The ancient Egyptians were Black(nilotic)” on Fri Feb 20th 2015 at 02:17:04 gro jo thwack, I don’t think you do justice to the argument against blacks reaching the Americas before Columbus. The main objection to that claim I’ve read was that if blacks had done so, they would have left traces of their presence on islands between Africa and the Americas. That claim can be refuted by finding such traces. Mansa Musa claimed that his predecessor, Abubakari Keita II sent two expeditions to the Americas. The last one was made up of 4000 pirogues using sails and oars. Given that such expedition was undertaken by blacks, I doubt that there’s much interest in finding any traces of it. Thor Heyerdahl traveled to Polynesia from Peru on a raft in 1948, so a trip like that could have been made, on Fri Feb 20th 2015 at 15:09:16 Bokar A very important point that is lacking from this discussion is what constitutes a West African. This latter point is a typical example of Western ignorance about Africa and its peopleS, there is a no single West African people and much less African. Every country in Africa that straddles the southern parts of the Sahara desert generally (not always) has lighter people in the north and darker in the south in the same way as they did in Ancient Egypt. This idea of putting all West Africans as looking like Nubians (although Nubia was an integral part of Egypt and its history) is completely false and only an invention of Westerners. Several groups be they Fulani (the most extensive group in West and Central Africa), Touareg and other West African berber groups, In Tibous, Habesha (Semitic mix) even darker groups like the Wolof, Sarakollé, Songhay, Hausa often do not have Western specified “Negroid features”nor do the ORIGINAL africans (bushman and pygmies”). By this IGNORANCE of the most basic understanding of Africans and thier diversity in origin in color, there is an attempt to deny Africa of its rightful place in Ancient Egypt’s record long history. on Fri Feb 20th 2015 at 16:09:00 resw77 The whole idea that “Nubians” were dark and Egyptians were light is a myth. The truth is “Nubian” royalty depicted themselves in the same SYMBOLIC red-brown colour (ochre) as Egyptian royalty: Plus “Nubian” is one of those Egyptologist-invented terms that means nothing in antiquity. It was invented only to distinguish ancient Nilotics with certain features. Egyptologists call any ancient Egyptian with certain features a Nubian: Why do Egyptologists call Maherperi, an Egyptian, a “Nubian”? No reason but his features. on Fri Feb 20th 2015 at 17:31:37 thwack thwack, I don’t think you do justice to the argument against blacks reaching the Americas before Columbus. The main objection to that claim I’ve read was that if blacks had done so, they would have left traces of their presence on islands between Africa and the Americas. Could these “traces” you speak of be genetic? If white people discovered these “traces” would they tell you? White people have no problem claiming the Vikings discovered America before Columbus despite a lack of these “traces.?” Their puffery and boosterism of “Kenniwick man” and “Soloutrian man’, “Clovis man…” knows no end. Where I live the only “traces” of Native Americans left in North America are in the names and spelling we use for the geography. Do you have evidence for genetic traces? How about artifacts such as statues, pottery, boats,weapons, tools or domesticated animals that shouldn’t be on the other side of the Atlantic. The fact that you put traces in quotation indicates that you find the search for evidence silly. Why? The fact that you put traces in quotation indicates that you find the search for evidence silly. Why? Please check your ego. One of the reasons I annoy people is I force them to tighten up their language. I spank you like a white person; better I get to you before they do. thwack, your answer is nonsense. I don’t care if you like my attitude or not. I asked you the questions I did because I thought you knew something on the subject. If you do I’ll be glad to hear what you have to say, otherwise I’ll just ignore you. My language was pretty specific and fact based. Fact #1 Mansa Musa Keita I claimed Abubakari Keita II left with 4000 pirogues and never returned. Fact #2 No evidence that I’m aware of has been found of this expedition. Maybe nobody looked for said evidence. Fact #3 Thor Heyerdahl traveled to Polynesia from Peru on a raft in 1948. Polynesians traveled and colonized wide swaths of the Pacific on boats like the ones Abubakari Keita II used. My question to you stands, you are free to answer or not. on Fri Mar 13th 2015 at 00:03:36 Catoyounger Its hard to know where to start with this article. I realize this is several years old, but such ignorance can’t be allowed to stand without being confronted. Ancient Egyptians were a separate people group mixed from black africans and semitic peoples. Their country DID include black Africans, as well as brown people. You can clearly look at their wall paintings and see that they themselves distinguished skin color. You will see “tan” people, “red” people, and “black” people in the paintings. Except for the period in which Nubia took part of Egypt, the Egyptians however (at least the ruling class for most of their history) were not black nor did they consider themselves such. Whether you agree with what I wrote till now does not really matter, because Western Civilization DID NOT come from Egypt! Egypt, for all its greatness, was a dead end. Western Civilization comes from Greece via Rome and England. America owes no debt to Egypt. Its hard to know where to start with this article Then don’t bother! on Fri Mar 13th 2015 at 03:04:57 sharinalr @Catoyounger You can confront it, but you did not really dispute it either. It is common sense that they distinguished skin color, but a difference in skin color does not equate to race. “Except for the period in which Nubia took part of Egypt, the Egyptians however (at least the ruling class for most of their history) were not black nor did they consider themselves such.”—They also did not consider themselves white or Asian or any other race that people wish to categorize them as. For the most part they were a mixed race and by todays standards would be black. You may be able to claim white during the time of roman rule, but overall it seems silly to claim a person black today by the 1 drop rule and then later try to deny a group is black for whatever gain you seek. If you indeed trace back far enough western civilization has it’s roots in Egypt. An article was written on this, but I will have to find it to post it. on Fri Mar 13th 2015 at 04:15:35 Diasporan Here’s a site that discusses Kmt by using the latest research, not throwing tired worn out white supremacist canard about a non-indigenous African origin and peopling of the Nile Valley. They were Africans. Game. Set. Match. http://egyptsearchreloaded.proboards.com/thread/1628/scholarship-2014-african-origin-egyptians?page=2 on Fri Mar 13th 2015 at 15:07:48 resw77 “Except for the period in which Nubia took part of Egypt, the Egyptians however…were not black nor did they consider themselves such” Well, they did in fact call themselves black people. Western scholars largely agree that the hieroglyph that appears in the description of Egyptian people means black. “Western Civilization comes from Greece via Rome and England. ” And Greek civilisation largely comes from Egypt via Egyptian colonists in Greece and Greek expats in Egypt. You just chose a much later starting point in history. Didorus said: “Even the Athenians, they say, are Colonists from Sais in Egypt” And as Herodotus said, “Almost all the names of the gods came into Greece from Egypt…. there are many other practices whereof I shall speak hereafter, which the Greeks have BORROWED from Egypt” @”America owes no debt to Egypt.” Then why does America pay so much tribute to Egypt? “For the most part they were a mixed race and by todays standards would be black.” Perhaps a bit in later years after the invasions of Hyksos, Hittites, Greeks, Persians and Romans., but in the civilisation’s long history, it was largely African, not mixed, and the royal blood lines came from the South, not outside of Africa. on Fri Mar 13th 2015 at 19:51:12 ken williams Why doesn’t everyone simply ask and consult the Hollywood executives . They always seem to know the answers . Thank you very much for sharing your knowledge. on Sat Apr 4th 2015 at 10:09:55 Manny Bruce I find the ancient Egypt race issue hilarious. When it comes to the historical race of countries and empires on the continents of what we called today Europe or Asia there is no question that these people were of Caucasoid or mongoliod decent and no one will even consider the involvement of Negriod or the mixture of Negriod Involvement in these histories( Except for the Moores in Spain which is downed played concerning there Negriod background. Hence OTHELLO ). But when it comes to the race of a people in a civilization on the continent of Africa all of a sudden it is unknown , inconclusive , ambiguous , doesn’t matter , but God forbid they are Negriod. Amazing. The person who commented that people are only interested in ancient Egypt is because white folks are , is 100% correct. The reason they are interested is because they believe intelligence is defined through material constructs and the larger and more elaborate the constructs the more intelligent you must be. It is this misguided assumption that led them to oppress , exploit , Robb , destroy and showed utter contempt towards those who they believed to be primitive , meaning not having respectable buildings , ships , weapons , and wealth , in accordance to their values which are in the importance of material achievements. They are not interested in a people who lived in a social structure of harmony , of sharing , of peace , of respectable co existence with nature or neighbors. If these people didn’t build large stone constructs or shown to have made large military conquest and all they did was live in grass huts or teepees and farmed and hunt then these people did nothing significant and therefore are unintelligent. So this is the reason why all the history through out Africa and through out the world gets overlooked or trivialized . Now that today’s world has been conditioned in holding material achievements of sole importance then the ancient Egyptian material constructs becomes a battle of claim , and since it’s on a continent that was told to the wold to be the home of a race of people that are primitive , savages and unintelligent , well then this becomes a problem. on Sun Apr 19th 2015 at 03:29:09 Matthew Rooyakkers I am not stating anything racist here, just factual. I’ve have spent a good amount of time throughout Egypt recently and can tell you this, blacks were only in ancient Egypt as slaves, nothing more and this has even been depicted on ancient Egyptian Hyroglyphics in the temple of Luxor and other places. The masterminds of ancient Egyptian civilization were not black but rather berbers who were brown. Even today whether you are in Cairo where the Giza pyramids are or at Abu Simbel near the Sudanese border, you will find that ethnic Egyptians are not blacks/negroes but berbers. These people (including the Nubians of the far South near Sudan) have brown skin and do not possess the wide noses or the fuzzy hair that Blacks do. It is a fact that when Europeans first arrived in Sub Saharan Africa that the wheel had not yet been created there. In fact Afrocentrists have tried to take credit for what the moors did when they conquered Spain who were were also not black but berbers as well. Here is a link providing further facts on why the ancient Egyptians were not black http://www.ambrosekane.com/2014/05/16/the-myths-blacks-believe-the-ancient-egyptians-were-negroes-and-built-the-grand-pyramids/ Here’s a link providing factual information and DNA evidence on why Ancient Egyptians were not black. http://www.ambrosekane.com/2014/05/16/the-myths-blacks-believe-the-ancient-egyptians-were-negroes-and-built-the-grand-pyramids/ on Sun Apr 19th 2015 at 04:20:55 sharinalr @Matthew Rooyakkers I will comment at length in more time, but the link you provided does not claim a fact or present one. What is does show is Eurocentric nonsense. It fails to present nothing more than an opinion that lacks this DNA evidence that you claim it has. “I am not stating anything racist here, just factual. I’ve have spent a good amount of time throughout Egypt recently and can tell you this, blacks were only in ancient Egypt as slaves, nothing more and this has even been depicted on ancient Egyptian Hyroglyphics in the temple of Luxor and other places”—Unless Luxor is the only temple in Egypt then I doubt it is ample proof to support the claim that blacks were only in Egypt as slaves. There were some in their as slaves but research shows other groups outnumbered blacks as slaves. Secondly here you can not define or categorize Egyptians of the past in the same light as Egyptians today. Mainly because Egypt was conquered at different points in history that resulted in mixing. The most recent Egyptians are a mixture of Arabs. Egypt was conquered by Arabs at some point. “These people (including the Nubians of the far South near Sudan) have brown skin and do not possess the wide noses or the fuzzy hair that Blacks do”—–Here is a Nubian of today. https://billygambelaafroasiaticanthropology.files.wordpress.com/2009/05/nubian-cuz.jpg I am sure they are very diverse and can not be categorized by what you want to see. on Sat Jul 11th 2015 at 06:17:15 Vid Egypt was no way built by Africans. Egypt is in Northern of Africa Continent but the Egyptians were not Africans.. Pharaohs had golden skin not black (May be by Ethiopan-Europeans or Indo-Europeans). Ethiopians have White features except skin. How about the Pyramids in MAYA? Were those pyramids built by Africans too? Some of the Black folks who go around and fight with others and claim that ancient great civilization such as Egypt was built by their ancestors their is purely racist. Listen to Dr. James David Manning. He speaks the true about his own African race. I am not the one who said it, Many great Black intellectuals such as Dr. Manning admitted it. (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=t0stJkUWUyM) on Wed Oct 7th 2015 at 19:08:09 pshamasapobecks “Egypt is in Northern of Africa Continent but the Egyptians were not Africans..” ^ This is a level of stupid one simply cannot argue against. Interesting how the overseas racists ‘know’ more about ancient Egypt than they do about modern day Africa. on Wed Oct 7th 2015 at 21:18:52 Uglyblackjohn @ taotesan – I’m dead… That pretty much sums it up. @Uglyblackjohn I am having a giggle-fest how King Tut and Nefertiti are subjected to American colourism. If one hypothetically believed in reincarnation and King Tut lived in USA, the odds are a million to one he would be a statistic in either the industrial prison complex or amongst the unarmed killed by the police than a Teabagger. on Tue Oct 27th 2015 at 23:12:03 Man of Sin The one-drop rule was a southern state thing was was abandoned decades ago. @Man of Sin As someone who lives in the south, No it has not been abandoned. on Wed Oct 28th 2015 at 10:18:56 abagond @ Man of Sin When did the South give up the One Drop Rule? How do you know? on Mon Feb 1st 2016 at 06:19:22 Francky O'Connor Well, there’s actually a stronger theory that I’ve learnt while studying history at university and it was that the first Egyptian originated from south India, thus being taken as black African. However It seems that they’ve stayed in Ethiopia and brought their knowledge to become then the Pharaohs. There’s actually a few books written on this subject, I’m very surprised that you guys are only arguing about if they were black African or Caucasian. They were most probably Indian, It would actually settle the feud isn’t it ? on Mon Feb 1st 2016 at 10:04:16 Manny Bruce No, the Ancient Egyptians were black Africans , regardless if they were dark , brown or of a lighter skin tone. I find it interesting that the white race now wants to start nick picking the classification of who is in the black race. Back in the past when it was advantageous for them to lump all dark complexion , including mulattos , as being black , so that they could expliot and oppress more people on the planet for not being from the privileged white race. When they had ” white ” and ” Black ” only signs in existence there were no question as to whom were ” Black “. The East Indian man who had petitioned the united States’ courts to have his ” Caucasian ” status recognized in the States was given a dose of hard reality when he was denied the status that they themselves had classified him as. They giveth and they taketh when it’s in their interest to do so. Only now that the world’s population of people of color are growing and their influence over the world is shrinking , they are resulting to the old tactics of ” Divide and Conquer “. Latinos , Asians , Indians , Africans , Arabs , you are all black ! So , let us leave the white man on his small island that HE created for himself in the sea of humanity. on Mon Feb 8th 2016 at 22:14:23 evenwhenilie …..White people always try to discredit ancient witnesses, you can’t say that other people’s had black skin and woolly hair to because they also said the Egyptians had hair and skin like the Ethiopians and made no attempt to separate the two in terms of description… When it comes to the Egyptians depicting themselves as different from other Africans those differences are purely artistic… Other black Africans see themselves as different from other black Africans and the artists makes it felt through his creation that doesn’t mean they look different…. Just think of the Hutu and Tutsi tribes, who look like they can be brothers and sisters but yet and still they artistically show differences in their description of one another. This is well documented… White peoples need to stop trying to historically places themselves in Africa/Egypt before they actually were. They were black Africans initially, the skeletal remains show that, why; how could they turn white over night or within a few hundred years, white people aren’t that old of a race.. on Tue Feb 9th 2016 at 00:22:10 Manny Bruce “Ancient Egyptians weren’t black , as in the same description of darker black Africans ” . What bull shit. Now whites wants to nick pick the amount of melon in an African’s skin to determine whose a ” Black ” African. This is the same bull crap they used to divide Rwanda , as in the movie ” Hotel Rwanda “. The Belgium’s selected the Rwandans with lighter tones and/or with less prominent facial features and placed them in a better social status over the darker tone Rwandans , whom were the majority. This caused , strife , division , and violence , amongst the Rwandans , even though , they were all black Rwandans. These hateful people thrives on creating separations and turmiols amongst people of color. The American Indians said it the best , ” THEY SPEAK WITH FORK TONGUES ” , as with a snake’s tongue. on Sun May 28th 2017 at 06:07:53 Jason Muniz Someone probably beat me to it.This this is what the ancient Ethiopians said concerning the Egyptians(note: Ethiopian does not mean someone from the modern nation state of Ethiopia but literally just means “blacks”): “They say also that the Egyptians are colonists sent out by the Ethiopians, Osiris having been the leader of the colony. For, speaking generally, what is now Egypt, they maintain, was not land but sea when in the beginning the universe was being formed; afterwards, however, as the Nile during the times of its inundation carried down the mud from Ethiopia, land was gradually built up from the deposit. Also the statement that all the land of the Egyptians is alluvial silt deposited by the river receives the clearest proof, in their opinion, from what takes place at the outlets of the Nile; for as each year new mud is continually gathered together at the mouths of the river, the sea is observed being thrust back by the deposited silt and the land receiving the increase. And the larger part of the customs of the Egyptians are, they hold, Ethiopian, the colonists still preserving their ancient manners. For instance, the belief that their kings are gods, the very special attention which they pay to their burials, and many other matters of a similar nature are Ethiopian practices, while the shapes of their statues and the forms of their letters are Ethiopian; for of the two kinds of writing which the Egyptians have, that which is known as “popular” (demotic) is learned by everyone, while that which is called “sacred” is understood only by the priests of the Egyptians, who learn it from their fathers as one of the things which are not divulged, but among the Ethiopians everyone uses these forms of letters. Furthermore, the orders of the priests, they maintain, have much the same position among both peoples; for all are clean who are engaged in the service of the gods, keeping themselves shaven, like the Egyptian priests, and having the same dress and form of staff, which is shaped like a plough and is carried by their kings, who wear high felt hats which end in a knob at the top and are circled by the serpents which they call asps; and this symbol appears to carry the thought that it will be the lot of those who shall dare to attack the king to encounter death-carrying stings. Many other things are also told by them concerning their own antiquity and the colony which they sent out that became the Egyptians, but about this there is no special need of our writing anything.” http://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Diodorus_Siculus/3A*.html Personally I think Afro-Asiatic originated around Northeast Africa(Somalia, Ethiopia, Sudan, Eritrea etc) as well as Yemen. From there it moved north until reaching the what is now Syria and there the Afro-Asiatics met the ancestors of Indo-Europeans, Georgians etc. The Phoenicians, another people that was respected for their antiquity by the Greeks and Romans, thought they originally came from the Erythraean Sea, which can only mean what is now Yemen. Herodotus relates that about the Phoenicians. @ Jason Muniz on Wed May 31st 2017 at 20:11:35 gro jo The latest genetic study on Ancient Egyptians says they were Whiter than present day Egyptians. the study did not include upper Nile cataract Egyptians, I wonder why? http://www.newsweek.com/egyptian-mummy-dna-study-suggests-close-ties-middle-east-europe-617767 on Thu Jun 1st 2017 at 16:39:06 gro jo I thought this news item would elicit tons of comments, I was wrong. Perhaps it’s because it’s Newsweek we are talking about. One person who commented on the Newsweek site summed it up perfectly: Galen Ztoo I hate to point out the obvious but this is by no means a complete study and it seems to try to walk a fine line between the sensational and out right Bad reporting. The article states that 151 mummies were “looked at” however only three yielded full mapping And one gene had origins from Europe. And how many genes in the human body kids… 20,000. Smoke does not a fire make, lets Waite before we say that Europeans built the pyramids…” Newsweek’s biases are well known. Bias runs deep in such studies. When obviously black people are found it becomes a mystery: “The cemetery’s size and the orderly east-west arrangement of the graves suggested to us that there might be over 100 graves here, indicating a sizeable population of Nubians at Hierakonpolis. Even after severe plundering, the objects we found show that these people had access to a certain level of wealth. They were able to afford wooden coffins, scarabs, and so forth, yet they retained their Nubian burial practices and ceramic technology. It seems unlikely that they were slaves or domestic servants, but who were they? And what are they doing at Hierakonpolis? These are some of the tantalizing questions that in November 2003, with the assistance of a grant from the Michela Schiff-Giorgini Foundation, we returned to the cemetery to try to answer.” http://interactive.archaeology.org/hierakonpolis/nubians.html Thanks for the link. I will have to read this more deeply. on Thu Jun 1st 2017 at 23:14:00 Jason Muniz I’m sure that if a bunch of white mummies with Gallic characteristics were found in Egypt, the studies would say that they were traders or mercenaries thereby redeeming them. However we know that the Gauls were far from being peaceful. The Romans and Greeks hated the Gauls and(correctly) saw them as plunderers. on Fri Jun 2nd 2017 at 04:03:17 Origin I just came across an account by Diodorus, A Greek Historian, that I was not previously aware of: Now the Ethiopians, as historians relate, were the first of all men and the proofs of this statement, they say, are manifest. For that they did not come into their land as immigrants from abroad but were p91natives of it and so justly bear the name of “autochthones” is, they maintain, conceded by practically all men; furthermore, that those who dwell beneath the noon-day sun were, in all likelihood, the first to be generated by the earth, is clear to all; since, inasmuch as it was the warmth of the sun which, at the generation of the universe, dried up the earth when it was still wet and impregnated it with life, it is reasonable to suppose that the region which was nearest the sun was the first to bring forth living creatures. Now Diodorus was Greek and Ethiopia is an untranslated Greek word in the text above that has been borrowed into English. Today Ethiopia makes us think of the modern country of Ethiopia but the Greek word actually comes from Aithiops which means “burnt-face”. So Diodorus is saying that the “burnt-faced people” were the first of all men and goes on to reason that life should reasonably start first under the sun’s heat. But he doesn’t stop there: They say also that the Egyptians are colonists sent out by the Ethiopians, Osiris having been the leader of the colony. For, speaking generally, what is now Egypt, they maintain, was not land but sea when in the beginning the universe was being formed; afterwards, however, as the Nile during the times of its inundation carried down the mud from Ethiopia, land was gradually built up from the deposit. So after establishing that the Ethiopian, or “burnt-faced people”, were the “first of all men” and the original natives (autochthones) Diodorus relates that they say the Egyptians were Ethiopian colonists. What follows is, to me, a somewhat astonishing account of the creation of the Nile delta. Can you imagine people in New Orleans casually relating that long ago this area was sea but as the river deposited sediment it became dry land and our ancestors came from the North to settle it? How long would you have to have been living in the area to say that? Diodoros goes on to comment on how they back up the statement that the Nile generated the land of Egypt and compares Egyptian and broader Ethiopian custom. Also the statement that all the land of the Egyptians is alluvial silt deposited by the river receives the clearest proof, in their opinion, from what takes place at the outlets of the Nile; for as each year new mud is continually gathered together at the mouths of the river, the sea is observed being thrust back by the deposited silt and the land receiving the increase. And the larger part of the customs of the Egyptians are, they hold, Ethiopian, the colonists still preserving their ancient manners. For instance, the belief that their kings are gods, the very special attention which they pay to their burials, and many other matters of a similar nature are Ethiopian practices, while the shapes of their statues and the forms of their letters are Ethiopian; for of the two kinds of writing which the Egyptians have, that which is known as “popular” (demotic) is learned by everyone, while that which is called “sacred” is understood only by the priests of the Egyptians, who learn it from their fathers as one of the things which are not divulged, but among the Ethiopians everyone uses these forms of letters. The Greeks took, but didn’t try to hide where they took from because it would have been impossible. However, as Egypt was conquered and the original people left or intermixed with the Greeks, Romans and Arabs the demographics of the area changed and it became fashionable to try to whitewash ancient Egypt to complete the destruction of the black people. Constantine de Volney’s 1787 account of his visit to Egypt (then ruled by the Islamic Ottoman Empire) reveals the evolved attitudes. While Diodorus was just frankly relating the facts as he knew them, de Volney had to be shocked given the fact that blacks were now seen as a slave race. “Travels thorugh Syria and Egypt” [This is an English translation; the original is in French. I start from about page 78 and continue, with skips, to 83] https://archive.org/details/travelsthroughs02volngoog A second race of inhabitants are the Copts, called in Arabic el Kobt. It is pretended that the name Copts is derived from the city of Coptus, whither it has been affirmed they retired from the tyranny of the Greeks; but I am inclined to think it has a more natural and more ancient origin. The Arabic term Kopti, a Copt, seems to me an evident abbreviation of the Greek word Ai-goupti-os, an Egyptian, for the ‘y’ was prounounced ‘ou’, among the ancient Greeks and the Arabs, having neither ‘p’ or ‘g’ before ‘a’, ‘o’, or ‘u’, always substitute for these letters ‘k’ and ‘b’; the Copts then are properly the remains of the Ancient Egyptians. This will be rendered still more probable if we consider the distinguishing features of this race of people; we shall find them all characterized by a sort of yellowish, dusky complexion which is neither Grecian or Arabian; they have all a puffed visage, swollen eyes, flat noses, and thick lips, in short the exact countenance of a mulatto. I was at first tempted to attribute this to climate but when I visited this sphinx I could not help thinking the figure of that monster furnished the true solution of the enigma: when I say its features precisely those of a Negro I recollected the remarkable passage of Herodotus [Origin: another Greek historian] in which he says, “For my part I believe the Colchi to be a “colony of the Egyptians”, because, like them, “they have black skins and frizzled hair;” that is the Ancient Egyptians were real negroes, of the same species with all the natives of Africa; and though, as might be expected, after mixing for so many ages with the Greeks and Romans, they have lost the intensity of their first colour, yet they still retain strong marks of their original conformation. But to return to Egypt: this historical fact affords to philosophy an interesting subject of reflection. How are we astonished when we behold the present barbarism and ignorance of the Copts, descended from the proud genius of the Egyptians, and the brilliant imagination of the Greeks; when we reflect that to the race of negroes, at present our slaves, and the objects of our extreme contempt, we owe our arts, sciences, and even the very use of speech; and when the recollect that, in the midst of those nations who call themselves friends of liberty and humanity, the most barbarous of slaveries is justified; and that it is even a problem whether the understanding of negroes be of the same species with that of white men [ie. whether they have the same intelligence]! The race of the Ancient Egyptians would not even be a debate if it weren’t for the fact that Eurasian invaders dominate “Egyptology” and seek to distort the truth whenever possible, as is their custom. It’s quite fascinating that white people are sometimes implausibly inserted into Ancient Egypt when they aren’t even sure how they ended up in Europe! Take this National Geographic article from 2013, for instance: http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2013/13/130423-european-genetic-history-dna-archaeology-science/ Europeans as a people are younger than we thought, a new study suggests. DNA recovered from ancient skeletons reveals that the genetic makeup of modern Europe was established around 4,500 B.C. in the mid-Neolithic—or 6,500 years ago— and not by the first farmers who arrived in the area around 7,500 years ago or by earlier hunter-gatherer groups. “The genetics show that something around that point caused the genetic signatures of previous populations to disappear,” said Alan Cooper, director of the Australian Centre for Ancient DNA at the University of Adelaide, where the research was performed. “However, we don’t know what happened or why, and [the mid-Neolithic] has not been previously identified as [a time] of major change,” he said. Furthermore, the origins of the mid-Neolithic populations that did form the basis of modern Europe are also unknown. “This population moves in around 4,000 to 5,000 [B.C.], but where it came from remains a mystery, as we can’t see anything like it in the areas surrounding Europe,” Cooper said. So you have people living in Europe, then the people whose descendants we’ll know as modern Europeans [white people] move in around 6500 years ago then the original people go “poof”. Scientists cannot establish where these new people originated; they just appeared suddenly and took over. In a section I won’t quote the article speaks of mitochondrial DNA (present in an organelle in your cells which you inherit from your mother) and how a particular haplogroup [or set of genes inherited together], called H, is dominant among modern Europeans. It then continues to give an account of what it considers to be the history of migration into Europe. The first modern humans to reach Europe arrived from Africa 35,000 to 40,000 years ago. By about 30,000 years ago, they were widespread throughout the area while their close cousins, the Neanderthals, disappeared. Hardly any of these early hunter-gatherers carried the H haplogroup in their DNA. About 7,500 years ago during the early Neolithic period, another wave of humans expanded into Europe, this time from the Middle East. They carried in their genes a variant of the H haplogroup, and in their minds knowledge of how to grow and raise crops. (Related: “Egypt’s Earliest Farming Village Found.”) Archeologists call these first Central European farmers the linear pottery culture (LBK)—so named because their pottery often had linear decorations. In this study we show that changes in the European archaeological record are accompanied by genetic changes, suggesting that cultural shifts were accompanied by the migration of people and their DNA.” The LBK group and its descendants were very successful and spread quickly across Europe. “They became the first pan-European culture, if you like,” Cooper said. Given their success, it would be natural to assume that members of the LBK culture were significant genetic ancestors of many modern Europeans. But the team’s genetic analysis revealed a surprise: So they claim that a second wave of immigration from the Middle East (yet they claim an article on Egypt is “related” so perhaps they’re still talking about Africa) brought farmers and they eventually became the dominant culture in Europe. However they still aren’t the primary ancestors of modern Europeans according to the article. About 6,500 years ago in the mid-Neolithic, the LBK culture was itself displaced. Their haplogroup H types suddenly became very rare, and they were subsequently replaced by populations bearing a different set of haplogroup H variations. Mysterious Turnover The details of this “genetic turnover” event are murky. Scientists don’t know what prompted it, or even where the new colonizers came from. Of Mysterious Origins One thing that is clear from the genetic data is that nearly half of modern Europeans can trace their origins back to this mysterious group. “About [4,500 B.C.], you start seeing a diversity and composition of genetic signatures that are beginning to look like modern [Central] Europe,” Cooper said. “This composition is then modified by subsequent cultures moving in, but it’s the first point at which you see something like the modern European genetic makeup in place.” Whatever prompted the replacement of genetic signatures from the first pan-European culture, Cooper is clearly intrigued. “Something major happened,” he said in a statement, “and the hunt is now on to find out what that was.” So there it is, they don’t know where the ancestors of most modern Europeans came from. They appeared, out of nowhere, about 6500 years ago [i.e 4500 BC, we’re in 2000+ CE]. I find it fascinating that this timeframe corresponds to the timing suggested by some for the biblical creation of Adam [which can mean rosy, red, or ruddy] by the Elohim [technically plural, “gods”] and also the gradual selective breeding of a new psychopathic race of people by a black mad scientist called Yakub [according to NOI]. Perhaps, sometimes truth is stranger than fiction. In any case, such a young race, appearing in 4500 BC, did not originate the customs of the very ancient Nile Valley civilization of which Egypt was a part. They invaded it later from the North just as history tells us after which it died, the Pyramids’ white limestone cladding eventually removed to build mosques. It now sits in ruins while the descendants of the destroyers try to erase even the memory of the natives. on Fri Jun 2nd 2017 at 16:27:16 Afrofem “they don’t know where the ancestors of most modern Europeans came from. They appeared, out of nowhere, about 6500 years ago [i.e 4500 BC, we’re in 2000+ CE].” There is some speculation that modern Europeans are the descendants of Africans who migrated and lived in Europe. Those African migrants gradually mutated to thrive in the colder environment over a period of ten thousand years. There is also speculation that the African migrants intermingled with the pre-existing Neanderthal population in Europe which hastened the mutations. Yes, Africans did migrate into Europe and the general explanation is that Africans became white for reasons such you mentioned. However, according to the National Geographic article they don’t know how the particular set of people, who became the ancestors of modern, white Europeans, arose. There was a relatively sudden change in quite recent timeframes. http://www.sciencemag.org/news/2015/04/how-europeans-evolved-white-skin Most of us think of Europe as the ancestral home of white people. But a new study shows that pale skin, as well as other traits such as tallness and the ability to digest milk as adults, arrived in most of the continent relatively recently. The work, presented here last week at the 84th annual meeting of the American Association of Physical Anthropologists, offers dramatic evidence of recent evolution in Europe and shows that most modern Europeans don’t look much like those of 8000 years ago. And the study looking at one particular genetic marker: https://www.nature.com/articles/ncomms2656 Haplogroup H dominates present-day Western European mitochondrial DNA variability (>40%), yet was less common (~19%) among Early Neolithic farmers (~5450 BC) and virtually absent in Mesolithic hunter-gatherers. Here we investigate this major component of the maternal population history of modern Europeans and sequence 39 complete haplogroup H mitochondrial genomes from ancient human remains. We then compare this ‘real-time’ genetic data with cultural changes taking place between the Early Neolithic (~5450 BC) and Bronze Age (~2200 BC) in Central Europe. Our results reveal that the current diversity and distribution of haplogroup H were largely established by the Mid Neolithic (~4000 BC) Dated haplogroup H genomes allow us to reconstruct the recent evolutionary history of haplogroup H and reveal a mutation rate 45% higher than current estimates for human mitochondria. So according to these sources, Europe started to resemble the Europe we know (the home of the white people) approximately 6000 years ago [4000 BC] and it did so relatively suddenly. There were migrations into Europe from Africa tens of thousands of years ago but the transformation of the population into people like today’s “Europeans” was quite a rapid and recent process. I brought it up because it suggests that the idea that white people are very “ancient” may be flawed and that is clearly one prerequisite for ORIGINATING Africa’s Nile Valley civilization which is very old. Obviously, whites showed up and eventually took over. That’s how the civilization came to an end after existing for millenia. on Wed Jun 21st 2017 at 01:40:32 abagond Proof that Ancient Egypt was not White: And y'all still think white people ruled Ancient Egypt? https://t.co/lrsPPSrB7Q — NASA boy (@kurtisrai) June 19, 2017 on Wed Jun 21st 2017 at 03:06:06 Afrofem Those are some nasty burns. His descendants wouldn’t live long enough to mutate in Egypt. on Wed Jun 21st 2017 at 03:26:46 Mary Burrell @Afrofem: Hope that doesn’t turn to skin cancer that looked gruesome. The sun is no joke. on Wed Jun 21st 2017 at 04:19:28 Solitaire I just skimmed through the Twitter comments. He got that massive sunburn in Scotland ffs! @ Ras Troydon Comment deleted. No calls for violence, please. It is in my WordPress user agreement. on Wed Apr 10th 2019 at 18:41:33 whycantwebefriends If one were to really look at humans as they exist in all their variety, one would find people ranging from light pinkish to orangey to dark brownish in their skin colours. But hard pressed would one be to find only one white or black individual. Egypt was in africa. That should suffice. But egypt in all it’s glory was also majorly stupid for erecting such expensive gravestones for their dictators, imho. Just kidding they were neat. And while it is fascinating to learn about one’s heritage, race is for dogs or for fast cars. on Wed Apr 10th 2019 at 19:58:56 Manny Bruce Egypt was in Africa ? It’s still in Africa . Let’s debate if the ancient Greeks and Romans were ” white ” , as they are constantly depicted . Egypt/Kemet is African history and they were black Africans . Even with descriptions from ancient Greeks , Romans , Hebrews , and the Egyptians referencing themselves as ascendants from the southern black skin people nations , many people are still in denial of the Egyptians being a nation of black people . The talk about the ancient Egyptians being black , but not ” black ” as per se today’s standards is ridiculous . Smh . Couldn’t the same rhetoric be applied to the referring of the ancient Greeks and Romans as being ” white ” , but yet their whiteness are not called into question . If a crime victim had given the description of their assailant as the same description the Greek Herodotus gaved in describing the ancient Egyptians , having black skin And wooly hair , everyone would say that the wanted perpetrator was a BLACK PERSON . Now that the ” black description ” is attached to ancient people who have accomplished historically grand feats it now becomes so inconclusive to the identity of the description . So pathetic 😔	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0125.json.gz/line956
__label__wiki	0.871278	0.871278	Woman dies as she tries to rescue Astros fan in crash By Deborah Wrigley DAYTON, TEXAS -- A husband and wife rushed to help a man who was trapped inside a truck that hit a tree Saturday night. As they tried to help, the wife was hit and killed by another truck on County Road 1008. The first crash involved Luke Whitworth, who was returning from Saturday's Astros ALCS final. Whitworth bought tickets within minutes of finding out the Astros were World Series bound. His last text message to his mom read, "I just spent $800 on a World Series ticket hell yeah." Shortly after that, Eleazar Limon and her husband were driving home when they saw the crash. Investigators say they U-turned on the road and parked on the easement by the wreckage. The 46-year-old wife was standing outside the vehicle when a second truck veered and hit her. Eleazar is described as a humble person who always helped others. She was very involved with her faith community at St. Joseph the Worker Catholic Church in Dayton. "Always smiling. She was a caring spirit," her priest said. "She was really a wonderful person." "I know she was an angel," said Leora Boullion, who knew her for years. "There's no doubt in my mind that she went straight to heaven." Dayton police continue to investigate the crash that claimed her life. The driver and passenger in the truck were hospitalized and later released. The investigation is expected to be complete by next week. houstonworld serieshouston astrosgood samaritan	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0125.json.gz/line957
__label__cc	0.683258	0.316742	9-year-old ovarian cancer survivor meets her hero Jim Cantore Kaylee Tolleson, a 9-year-old from Fort Bend County, is a meteorologist enthusiast and a cancer survivor. She captured the hearts of many back in April when she visited ABC13 studios. A few days before her visit to ABC13, Kalyee was diagnosed with stage III ovarian cancer. With the news of her diagnosis, Kaylee received an outpouring of love and support from many. Even "Good Morning America's" very own Ginger Zee visited Kaylee during her treatment. But the diagnosis did not discourage Kalyee. According the Kaylee, "When life hits you, track the weather." Kaylee's dream is to become a meteorologist, so of course her Make-A-Wish was to meet her hero Jim Cantore from the Weather Channel. So with the magic of Make-A-Wish, Kaylee was taken on a trip of a lifetime to the Weather Channel headquarters, where she met her hero meteorologist Jim Cantore. This is the cutest thing you'll see all day. @MakeAWishGA brought Kaylee to The Weather Channel so she could meet her hero, @JimCantore! pic.twitter.com/s4IjrSB71W — The Weather Channel (@weatherchannel) November 19, 2019 With a full VIP treatment, Kaylee got a tour of the entire studio. Not to mention, Kaylee got the chance to practice forecasting the weather and she got a sneak peek at the latest storm tracking technology. At the end of her day, Kalyee left with a jacket from the Weather Channel and memories that will last a lifetime. societyovarian cancerweathercancerforecast 9-year-old appears on GMA to talk about fight with ovarian cancer 10-year-old cancer survivor recognized at US Capitol Woman says her dog sniffed out her ovarian cancer 4 times 9-year-old rings bell after defeating ovarian cancer	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0125.json.gz/line959
__label__wiki	0.961763	0.961763	Marc Cota-Robles Marc Cota-Robles is a general assignment reporter and fill-in anchor for ABC7 Eyewitness News. A native of Orange County, Marc is a graduate of Chapman University, where he received a bachelor's degree in broadcast television journalism. While at ABC7, Marc has reported on countless breaking stories, including the Las Vegas mass shooting, the destructive Thomas Fire in Ventura and the mudslide aftermath in Montecito. Marc joined ABC7 in June 2014 after spending nearly eight years at KION-TV, the CBS affiliate in Salinas, California. While at KION, Marc served in many roles, including evening news anchor, beginning in 2010. The station was honored with three consecutive regional Emmy awards for best newscast (small market) in Northern California. In 2012, Marc's anchor duties extended to KION's sister stations, KCOY 12 and KKFX FOX 11, based in Santa Maria and Santa Barbara, California. Marc began his career in 2006 as a morning news anchor at KVII-TV in Amarillo. Prior to jumping into the broadcast news industry, Marc drove open-wheel race cars, competing in the Pro Mazda National Championship. He continues to be an avid motorsports fan and has attended the Indianapolis 500 annually since 1993. He lives in Pasadena with his wife, son and rescue dog Hayley. Follow Marc on social media: Facebook.com/abc7marccr Twitter.com/abc7marccr Instagram.com/abc7marccr ABC7 Broadcast Center Attn: Marc Cota-Robles 500 Circle Seven Drive Marc's Stories Kobe Bryant: Calabasas helicopter crash investigation to focus on weather, history of pilot and chopper Investigators say the helicopter carrying Kobe Bryant and eight others that crashed was flying in fog considered dangerous enough that local police agencies grounded their choppers. LA County homeless count: A behind-the-scenes look with volunteers in Santa Monica Volunteers spent several hours counting the homeless in Santa Monica as part of the annual Greater Los Angeles Homeless Count. 16-year-old boys killed in triple fatal crash in Temescal Valley identified Three teenagers killed in a crash in Temescal Valley after a driver allegedly rammed their car have been identified. Man accused of intentionally ramming vehicle; leaving 3 teen boys dead, 3 others injured in Temescal Valley A suspect was arrested after a deadly crash in Temescal Valley where authorities said the man intentionally rammed a vehicle filled with teens. CARECEN day laborers rally in Westlake, claim racial profiling after being forced to vacate Local immigrants made their voices heard in Los Angeles' Westlake District and staged a rally against eviction. L.A. councilmen call on Major League Baseball to award World Series titles to Dodgers Two Los Angeles city councilmen introduced a resolution calling on Major League Baseball to award the 2017 and 2018 World Series titles to the Dodgers as a cheating scandal rocks the league. OC passenger describes panic, fear of missile strike after apparent flames shoot from United plane engine A flight bound for Los Angeles International Airport turned into a terrifying experience for dozens of passengers Wednesday after a mechanical issue prompted an emergency landing. College students get 2 years of free tuition at Cal State universities if AB 1862 passes College students hope a new bill introduced Wednesday will pave a pathway to an affordable bachelor's degree. Joe Biden visits Southern California for fundraiser, tour of Long Beach bridge project Former Vice President Joe Biden made a return to Southern California on Thursday as part of his campaign for the Democratic presidential nomination. Family of man left unconscious after Van Nuys attack speaks out, suspects remain at large The family of a man who was left unconscious after a New Year's Day road rage attack spoke out for the first time Thursday.	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0125.json.gz/line960
__label__cc	0.613671	0.386329	The LIVELab Facility at McMaster University in Hamilton, Ontario by Dan Bosnyak Laurel Trainor In Search of the Perfect Otoscope: Questions and Answers by A.U. Bankaitis A Canadian Evaluation of Real-Life Satisfaction of Hearing Aids in Challenging Environments by Ryan Kalef Carol A. Lau Rachel Liu Melissa McFadden Andrew Sharpe Genomic Hearing Research and Development in Newfoundland by Anne Griffin Terry-Lynn Young Susan Stanton Comparing Probe Tube Placements and Frequency Averaging in the Ear Canal Up To 10 kHz by Jonathan Vaisberg Ewan Macpherson Susan Scollie Bidding Farewell to Personal FM by Daniel Paccioretti Is Induction Loop Technology Old News? by Tim Archer and Mike Shaw Breaking the 2 Meter Hearing “Bubble” by Bill Droogendyk The Case for Tablet Audiometry by Renée Lefrançois Gina Stefanelli by Wayne J. Staab Steve Armstrong Let’s Hear It for Old Technology By John Woodgate, BSc(Eng), CEng, MIET, SMIEEE, FAES, Hon FInstSCE The world has changed almost out of recognition in the last hundred years, yet we still depend on technologies that were introduced so long ago that their age is somewhat uncertain. The earliest ploughs (plows) date from before 5000 BC, while the earliest transport wheels date from around 3200 BC. Where would we be today if those technologies were discarded simply because of their extreme age? Moving on, two major technologies are around 110 years old now, the airplane and the automobile. Can we discard them? There is a technology that is less than 80 years old world-wide, but less than about 60 years old in the Americas, that is all too often condemned simply as 'old', with no further justification seen to be required. And the most influential people doing the condemning are, astonishingly, audiologists, for the technology in question is the hearing loop system (audio-frequency induction-loop system). This system communicates by magnetic induction, live speech or music, or recordings, direct to hearing aids fitted with telecoils and with the telecoil program enabled. Unfortunately, due to misapprehensions (fostered by the complacency and prejudice of non-professionals), many audiologists are not aware of the immense boon hearing-loop systems are to their patients. There is a very active 'Loop America' movement in being, but in spite of glowing testimonials from hearing-aid users introduced to hearing loops, there is an on-going struggle against misinformation. For example, it is claimed that Bluetooth is a substitute for hearing loops. It very definitely isn't; Bluetooth is basically a one-to-one communication system. Hearing loops are one-to-many (a single speaker in an auditorium) or many-to-many (a choir in a concert hall or place-of-worship). There are two other communication systems for assistive hearing that are not limited to one-to-one, FM radio and infra-red. Both of these do not communicate with the hearing aid – the users have to obtain and wear special receivers, which have to be provided and maintained by the managers of the venue. The additional receivers are very often socially unacceptable to the people who need them, so are simply not used. The receivers do not, of course, incorporate the frequency-response correction that is set up in the user's hearing aid(s), so are often of less help than might be supposed. Audiologists would be well-advised to see hearing loops as an opportunity to give a more comprehensive service, by recommending and providing hearing aids with telecoils, and having in their offices a simple hearing loop system fed from a TV set, so that patients can immediately experience the advantages. Kaufmann T, Sterkens J, Woodgate JM. Hearing loops the preferred assistive listening technology. J Aud Eng Soc 2015;63(4):298–302.	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0125.json.gz/line965
__label__cc	0.671622	0.328378	Make your mark. Invest in your future. GIC opens the doors to a rewarding career. Through training and mentorship, you can build on your strengths and realise your full potential. Indeed, we will help you create a vision of your future. Your rewarding and purposeful career starts here. Working at GIC allows you to play a unique role in growing Singapore's reserves. You will be prepared through targeted skill development and deep diving into real-life assignments, guided by experienced professionals. Through such structured programmes, we prepare our people to do their part in shaping the nation's future. A place in history GIC is a pioneer in our industry. As first movers, we constantly seek to adopt new areas of investment, approaches and technologies, to deliver returns above inflation over the long-term. Working at GIC allows you to work towards this goal where you will have the chance to extend a legacy that began many years ago. A present that's collaborative Our environment is a supportive and collaborative one. To drive growth for our organisation, sustain our performance and returns, you will be empowered to make decisions. We also encourage you to learn from both colleagues and partners, for better outcomes. The future of a nation Because we manage the nation's long-term investments, we are responsible for Singapore's success. Every action we take has a direct impact on the future of both the nation and its people. Why Choose GIC Find out how our people feel about their purpose-driven work. Working at GIC is what I imagine it would be like to play in the Berlin Philharmonic. You marvel at your colleagues' virtuosity. But at the same time the work you create together is so much more than the sum of your individual parts. Fanesca Young Think big, dream big, start small. At GIC, we are always on the lookout for the next great idea that will move us forward. I also love how I’m able to dive in and get involved, regardless of the task at hand. There is no shortage of opportunity and responsibility. Carmen Lee There's never a dull day working in EIS or GIC, where we have enormous responsibilities, but also have some fun as a team! The challenges we face in the financial markets keep us humble and focussed. It also helps build our culture of learning, enterprise and teamwork. Tham Chiew Kit Economics & Investment Strategy The part I love about my job here is the empowerment and the autonomy. You are free to think 'blue sky' and question every set-up, process and framework, with the objective of coming up with something even better. Koh Lih Pin Working in a great culture and being the partner of choice for global private equity funds investing in large European corporates is very rewarding. Carsten Bleckwehl Being in the Code of Ethics & Compliance Controls team challenges me to think critically and quickly in a dynamic business environment. Working alongside competent colleagues inspires me to do my best in upholding and safeguarding GIC's reputation. Get to know the GIC culture and the way we work. Gain insights into how we prepare you as you immerse yourself in our collaborative culture. Students or Graduates	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0125.json.gz/line967
__label__cc	0.638163	0.361837	Job Seekers, Welcome to MedChi Career Center Headquarters Employed Pediatric Neurology \| Northern New Jersey \| Premier Children's Hospital Premier 86,000 square foot Children's Hospital with 4 other sub-specialty satellite locations. With over 250 pediatricians and 100 pediatric specialists from 22 different specialty areas, a full spectrum of comprehensive pediatric services offered. Lucrative Base Salary and full benefits Largest integrated neurosciences service line in state Specialized Epilepsy center designated level 4 Research and teaching opportunities available Pediatric Residency program onsite consisting of 38 Pediatric Residents and Medical Students on a regular rotation Board Certified or Board Eligible in Pediatric Neurology Diversity is one of this city's greatest strengths. The master plan for the city is to define its path forward: "to become the most welcoming, beautiful, healthy, resilient, and sustainable place to live, work, and play in New Jersey." Vibrant Northern New Jersey suburban community under 1-hour drive from NYC Voted Best Places to Live in all of New Jersey Highly rated public schools as well as private school options Lower cost of living with access to all the amenities one could desire 1 hour from New York City, 1 hour from the mountains, and 1 hour from the beach To learn more about this career opportunity, please contact Stephanie Hutchens at shutchens@JacksonPhysicianSearch.com or call 678-501-2420 to schedule a time to speak. Internal Number: JO-2001-4524 About Jackson Physician Search Jackson Physician Search is a leader in the permanent recruitment of physicians and advanced practice providers to hospitals and health systems across the United States. We have been recognized for our track record of results built on our clients’ trust in the talent of our team and the transparency of our process and fee structure. Partnering with us means you’ll be working with recruitment professionals who remain laser-focused on our mission of bringing physicians and healthcare organizations together to improve the lives of patients, families, and communities. As one of Modern Healthcare’s Best Places to Work in Healthcare, we attract and retain the most talented and motivated recruitment professionals in the industry. Jackson Physician Search is part of the growing family of Jackson Healthcare companies. MedChi Career Center Headquarters is Just One of the Benefits. Discover what else MedChi has to offer! The job you are trying to reach from was originally posted at MedChi Career Center Headquarters. © Copyright 2020 MedChi The Maryland State Medical Society.	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0125.json.gz/line969
__label__wiki	0.910154	0.910154	The Queen returns to royal duties after her summer holiday at Balmoral Welcome back, Your Majesty! The Queen made her return to London earlier this week after spending just over three months at the Royal Family’s Balmoral estate in the Scottish Highlands. On Oct. 11, the 93-year-old monarch looked refreshed and very happy as she stepped out to her first post-holiday engagement in London, where she opened a new housing development for British veterans and ex-servicemembers. Click through the gallery (or keep scrolling if you're on mobile) to see the best photos from her day! Photo: © Jack Hill/AFP/Getty Images Her Majesty sported a beautiful cornflower blue coat by Angela Kelly, which she paired with a matching hat decorated with a lovely green feather adornment. On her feet were her favourite flats, and she appeared to be wearing the Russian Sapphire Cluster brooch! Photo: © Chris Jackson/Getty Images Upon arrival at the Haig Housing Trust, she was handed a multicoloured bouquet by this adorable little girl, who gave her the cutest curtsy. Both looked very pleased to meet each other! The Queen then spent some time speaking with her greeters. She's always very interested in and supportive of other people's lives! Dozens of well-wishers were there, very happy to see the Queen back at work! The block has been named Queen Elizabeth Terrace in her honour – well-deserved, too! The Queen has been a patron of Haig Housing since 1952. For more than 100 years, it has helped veterans and their families access affordable, accessible housing in the UK. While inside, Her Majesty visited with the Bowman family, who have been living in the housing block for a while and wanted to show her some of their photos. Photo: © Jack Hill - WPA Pool/Getty Images The Queen also met with veterans – one of them, Ken Souter (pictured seated in the wheelchair), just turned 100 and fought in World War II. When someone turns 100, they get a special birthday card from Her Majesty, who told Ken she was happy to see his card arrived “on time.” What a joker! She also took some time to talk to this veteran, with his newborn baby. Elizabeth loves royal duties and always has, and she certainly looked pleased as punch to be opening the residences! The 70 homes at the new development have been designed to house severely wounded and disabled veterans, which is a cause that’s close to members of the Royal Family’s hearts – especially the Queen’s grandson, Prince Harry, who is a veteran himself! It’s easy to see why she was so proud of him for founding the Invictus Games, which gives wounded vets and ex-servicemembers the chance to compete in sports. This adorable little boy gave Her Majesty another bouquet as she was leaving. She also took the time to shake hands with many of the well-wishers who had gathered to greet her. Did we mention she got a lot of flowers?! We're very glad you're back at work, Ma'am! © 2001-2020, HELLO! - All rights reserved	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0125.json.gz/line971
__label__wiki	0.766581	0.766581	Boxing Week continues with these deals you can still shop this weekend Yahoo Canada Shopping Editors Yahoo Canada Style December 27, 2019 Yahoo Lifestyle Canada is committed to finding you the best products at the best prices. We may receive a share from purchases made via links on this page. If you didn’t make it out to any Boxing Day sales this year and are still looking for ways to save, you’re in luck. Many retailers are still offering sales through this weekend, so whether you’re on the hunt for clothing, beauty, tech or home goods, we’ve gathered a list of the best sales that are still on now. Until Dec 29, shop Amazon’s Boxing Day Deals Week, with new items added daily and discounts on everything from tech and home goods to toys and clothing. Until Jan. 2, shop Best Buy’s selection of savings on the hottest electronics, including deals on appliances, smart watches, laptops and more. Boxing Week is on until Jan. 2, with deals of up to 49 per cent off on select cameras at Canon eStore Canada. Find Boxing Week deals until Jan. 3 at Microsoft, including up to $390 off the new Surface Laptop 3, $300 off the Samsung Note10+, and up to $150 off the Xbox One. Score major savings until Jan. 5, including $150 off on Playbar, and Playbase, $120 off on Amp, and $70 off on Beam. Until Dec. 31, save on top items like $250 off the MacBook Air, $200 off the ASUS X54OUA Laptop, and the HP Wireless OfficeJet 4-in-1 for just $40. Until Jan. 1, find the biggest deals on home, tech, clothing and more at Walmart Canada, available in store and online. With Boxing Week deals up to 70 per cent off, Canadian Tire’s sale has everything you need to update your home and garden. With their Semi-Annual Sale on now until Jan. 8, save up to 70 per cent on teas and accessories at David’s Tea. Enjoy 10 per cent off sitewide until Jan. 5 — this includes the award-winning Endy Mattress along with all of their sleep accessories like weighted blankets, sheets and pillows. Until Jan. 1, save up to 50 per cent on books, home decor and accessories in store and online at Indigo. Now until Jan. 4, get $50 off the K-Duo Mid (now $198) and K-Duo Plus (now $248), and receive a FREE 24-count box of K-Cup pods of your choice with the purchase of any brewer when you use the code 24KCUP. Wayfair’s Boxing Week Blowout is in full swing, with discounts of up to 70 per cent off on furniture, decor, kitchen essentials and more. On now until Jan. 5. Save an additional 50 per cent on all markdowns when you shop Addition Elle’s sales event, on now through Jan. 5. Use the code HOLIDAY at checkout and take 40 per cent off all regular-priced items, as well as an extra 50 per cent off all outlet pieces until Dec. 31. ALDO is closing out the year strong by offering 20 per cent off regular-priced merchandise and 50 per cent off on all sale styles until Dec. 29. Altitude Sports Enjoy up to 40 per cent off winter jackets, boots, cold winter accessories and more. Sale ends Jan. 5. Anthropologie’s Winter Tag Sale is on now with an extra 40 per cent off of all sale items, as well as an extra 30 per cent off all sale furniture. Find Boxing Week deals from 40 to 80 per cent off sitewide when you use the code EXTRA40 until Jan. 6. Buy one, get one 70 per cent off all regular-priced footwear, handbags and accessories. On top of that, enjoy between 50 and 70 per cent off all sale items. Right now, all sale styles are on sale for half price, and when you use the code EXTRA20, you’ll save an extra 20 per cent off your purchase price. On now until Dec. 29, Reese Witherspoon’s Southern-inspired collection of dresses and workwear is an extra 40 per cent off existing sale prices. Enjoy 20 per cent off sitewide with styles starting at $100. This sale runs until Jan. 5. In their biggest Choose What You Pay event of the year, find hundreds of new additions at discounts of up to half off regular price, but only for a limited time. Ever New In stores and online, take 25 per cent off all regular-priced items at Ever New until Jan 6. Score 20 per cent off all regular-priced merchandise (excluding Kånken products) in stores and online through Dec. 30. Until Jan. 2., enjoy 20 per cent off select styles in-store and online with code BOXING20. Now through January, enjoy up to 70 per cent off on select items online and in stores, with deals starting at just $5 for winter accessories, and $10 for dresses and tops. Hudson’s Bay Save up to 70 per cent on fashions for men, women and kids, as well as discounts on home goods, appliances, furniture and more with a week of savings. This week, save up to 50 per cent with Hunter’s winter sale, including discounts on footwear and apparel for men, women and kids. Until Dec. 30, Indochino is offering up to 40 per cent off selected custom suits, shirts, outerwear, and more. Treat yourself to Lululemon’s best-selling activewear pieces at some of the best prices of the year. Shop pieces for men, women, and girls, but only for a limited time. If you’re on the hunt for outerwear that can stand up to Canadian winters, look no further than Mackage. Until Dec. 30, take up to 50 per cent off select items for a stylish (and warm) winter. This weekend, save up to 50 per cent off of the entire Fall/Winter collection at Mango. Until Dec. 30, find door-crasher deals and savings of up to 70 per cent on all your favourite brands at Mark’s. For vegan-approved accessories, save up to 50 per cent on Matt & Nat’s selection of Boxing Week deals, on through Jan. 2. Nordstrom Canada’s Boxing Week Sale runs from Dec. 26 to Jan. 2 in stores only, with discounts of up to 50 per cent on select styles for women, men and kids. Find epic deals on clearance with discounts of up to 75 per cent for the whole family. Until Jan. 5, take an extra 50 per cent off sale items, with deals starting at just $7.50. Take an extra 50 per cent off of all markdowns and save big on cozy winter classics for the entire family when you shop before Dec. 29. Take up to 60 per cent off of sale items, as well as 30 per cent off all regular-priced items when you show RW & Co. The designer sale is on now, with discounts up to 60 per cent off you Shop the Winter Sale until Jan. 1 and get 20 per cent off select styles at SAXXUnderwear.ca. Stylish outerwear at a great price? Find it at Soia & Kyo with deals of up to 50 per cent off select items until Dec. 30. Until Dec. 28, almost everything in store is a minimum 20 per cent off at Sport Chek. Save on sports gear, outerwear, footwear, and winter essentials, among other top picks of the season. Prices are now marked down as much as 70 per cent off, meaning you can splurge on designer duds this Boxing Day without breaking the bank. This weekend, take an extra 30 per cent off all sale items. Lasting until Dec. 31, take 25 per cent off all holiday gift sets - no promo code required. Get up to 30 per cent off on makeup, skincare and fragrances at Lancome until Dec. 28 - no discount code needed. Take up to 50 per cent off of past season favourites, and receive a free limited-edition pouch filled with five beauty must-haves with every purchase over $100. Until Jan. 1, Beauty Insiders can take an extra 20 per cent off existing sale prices when you use the code SAVEBIG. On now through January, take 40 per cent off your purchase in this online-only sale event. Take 20 per cent off your purchase with the code BOXING, and save until Dec. 31. In an exclusive online offer, save up to 40 per cent on select products until Dec. 28. Let us know what you think by commenting below and tweeting @YahooStyleCA! Follow us on Twitter and Instagram. #shopping #boxing-day #boxingday2019 #boxing-week Lululemon just added a bunch of new styles to their massive Boxing Day event Save $150 on this best-selling juicer — but hurry, the sale ends today! Now's the chance to save big on red roses ahead of Valentine's Day	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0125.json.gz/line972
__label__wiki	0.861958	0.861958	Students have campaigned for years against arms company recruitment Essex Careers Centre has cancelled BAE’s attendance of its Careers Fair following student protest. After finding out that BAE Systems were planning to attend the 29 October fair, students quickly mobilised to stop them. They wrote a statement expressing their opposition to BAE’s attendance and sent it to every department at the university. They contacted the other organisations attending the fair, asking them to express their opposition and to threaten to pull out if BAE attended. A protest was also planned for the day of the fair. Essex Careers Centre then posted on its Facebook account that BAE Systems would not be attending the fair due to ‘health and safety concerns’. Jake Woodier, age 20, who was involved in the campaign, said: “The University of Essex takes great pride in the Human Rights Centre which is internationally recognised. Therefore to invite BAE systems, a company that profits out of death and destruction in international armed conflict under the guise of supplying defence systems, is a morally repugnant decision. Essex students will not tolerate arms dealers on campus.” BAE Systems is the world’s second largest arms company, with 95% of its total sales being military. The company sells arms across the world and has strong ties to the repressive Saudi Arabian regime. BAE recently sold 200 Tactica armoured vehicles to Saudi Arabia. These vehicles were used by Saudi troops helping to suppress pro-democracy protests in Bahrain in March 2011 (Jane’s Defence Weekly, 23.3.2011). See CAAT website for more detail. Universities are an important recruitment ground for companies looking for new student employees. However, many students are concerned about the role that universities play in promoting companies involved in the arms trade. They feel that by inviting arms companies onto campuses, universities are sending the message that these are respectable companies, despite the devastation caused by their products. The autumn recruitment season is traditionally met with a wave of student protests. This term has already seen demonstrations in Sheffield, Edinburgh, Warwick, UCL, Queen Mary, Royal Holloway and more. Beth Smith, CAAT’s Universities Network Coordinator, said: “Students across the UK are refusing to let arms companies visit their universities unchallenged. Successes like the one at Essex show just what students can achieve through coordinated campaigning. The movement to kick arms companies off campus is growing and we look forward to more successes like this one.” To find out more about arms company recruitment and how to campaign against it: Visit our Ban BAE campaign page Come along to our Student Gathering at Sheffield University on Saturday 24 November. The gathering will be a day of workshops and discussions, relevant to everyone from new students to seasoned campaigners. View the full programme, join the Facebook event and get in touch if you’re interested in coming.	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0125.json.gz/line973
__label__cc	0.610837	0.389163	AboutMore Champion Nursing Council Champion Nursing Coalition Equity, Diversity, and Inclusion Steering Committee Strategic Advisory Committee IssuesMore Improving Access to Care Fostering Interprofessional Collaboration Promoting Nursing Leadership Transforming Nursing Education Increasing Diversity in Nursing Collecting Workforce Data Building Healthier Communities Our NetworkMore State Action Coalitions Grants and Awards Programs Charting Nursing’s Future ResourcesMore AARP Bulletin Shines Light on Nursing Work and Leader Reinhard “We work to empower nurses,” says Susan Reinhard, RN, PhD, FAAN, chief strategist of the Center to Champion Nursing in America (CCNA), in the latest edition of AARP Bulletin, which goes to AARP’s 38 million members. The full-page article focuses on Reinhard and CCNA’s ultimate goal: to make sure everyone has a highly trained nurse when and where they need one. Reinhard is also senior vice president and director of the AARP Public Policy Institute, which is where CCNA has thrived since being formed in 2007 by AARP Foundation, AARP, and the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation (RWJF). CCNA coordinates the Future of Nursing: Campaign for Action, an initiative of those same organizations working to improve health and health care for all through nursing. In the Bulletin, Reinhard speaks of nursing’s critically important role in caring for an aging population, and the Campaign’s work on multiple fronts in the nursing profession. Those efforts include expanding education so nurses are better prepared for the increase in chronic conditions as well as more complex technology; diversifying the workforce to better meet the needs of underserved communities; and improving laws state by state. Reinhard also focuses on caregiving, one of several areas in which the Public Policy Institute’s goals dovetail with CCNA’s. The Caregiver, Advise, Record, Enable, or CARE Act, now passed by 43 states, supports standards that hospitals should meet to assist families with loved ones after their discharge. There is always a new challenge, Reinhard says in the piece, which is why, she states, “We want to make sure nurses are allowed to do what they are trained to do.” Consumer Protection Agency Supports APRN Prescribing Bills 2020: Celebrating the Year of the Nurse and Midwife Hospital Bridges the Gap by Going Into the Community—Strategically Maryland Waiver Eases Homebound Patients’ Access to Nurses by Mary Boyle Issues: Building Healthier Communities, Collecting Workforce Data, Fostering Interprofessional Collaboration, Improving Access to Care, Increasing Diversity in Nursing, Promoting Nursing Leadership, Transforming Nursing Education, Stay up to date on Campaign for Action news and learn how to get involved. Our vision: Everyone in America can live a healthier life, supported by nurses as essential partners in providing care and promoting health equity and well-being.	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0125.json.gz/line975
__label__cc	0.527011	0.472989	Designation officially reserved December 30, 2014 PGI - Québec Icewine Crédits : Jean Joly In a legal opinion issued in the Gazette officielle du Québec on December 30, 2014, the Minister of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food of Quebec has recognized as a reserved designation linked to a terroir the Protected Geographical Indication (PGI) Québec Icewine. According to the Act Respecting Reserved Designations and Added-Value Claims, the PGI-Québec Icewine recognition aims to protect its authenticity and its geographical name. The use of this designation is now reserved for products certified according to the designation's specification manual. A Québec-styled Icewine full of freshness “Eiswein” was created by accident at the end of the 18th century as a result of early frost in the region of Franconia, Germany. The winegrowers had to press frozen grapes to avoid losing their harvest. The drink produced after the grape must fermentation delighted consumers. Germany and its neighbour Austria were the main producers of this type of wine for a long time. In 1973, a German-born immigrant introduced icewine to British Columbia. Subsequently, icewine production expanded into Ontario. In Québec, producers followed their Ontario neighbours in 1994 and registered the province as a producer of this increasingly popular drink. The know-how acquired by Québec winegrowers is reflected in icewine’s organoleptic characteristics, which have earned the product a distinguished reputation among the public and experts in the wine world. Québec’s winter climatic conditions, such as cold, wind, low air humidity and freeze-thaw cycles, cause natural drying of the grapes, which allows their water to evaporate, thus concentrating the sugars, aromas and flavours. This concentration of sugars results in many complex aromas and flavours. The greatly fluctuating freeze-thaw cycle occurs several times in Québec during the fall and early winter. It slowly “cooks” the grape and imparts Québec icewine with its aromas, complex flavours and particularly its high acidity. This acidity gives Québec icewine a freshness that distinguishes it in international competitions. The recognition of this designation allows winegrowers in the province to comply with the federal regulation, which stipulates that ice wine is a wine that must be made exclusively from grapes naturally frozen on the vine. Designation geographical area Documentation in French only Cahier des charges homologué pour l'appellation (PDF) Communiqué de presse émis par le MAPAQ Étapes du processus de reconnaissance de l'appellation Exigences de certification Description de l'authenticité de l'appellation List of PGI certified products Home \| Quebec Recognized Reserved Designations \|	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0125.json.gz/line977
__label__cc	0.665614	0.334386	Shop / Medals / Code Talker Medals / refined by Price: $1 - $25 As part of the U.S. Armed Services during World War I and World War II, Native American code talkers were used to relay secret communications in their tribal language. Since 2008, the Code Talkers Recognition Act has enabled the Secretary of the Treasury to Strike Congressional Medals in gold honoring each Native American tribe that had a member who served as a code talker. Beautiful replicas of those medals are available in bronze from the United States Mint. New Products Best Sellers Price High To Low Price Low To High Product Name A - Z Product Name Z - A Navajo Code Talkers Bronze Medal 1.5 Inch https://catalog.usmint.gov/navajo-code-talkers-bronze-medal-1-and-one-half-inch-992.html Standing Rock Sioux Tribe Code Talkers Bronze Medal 1.5 Inch https://catalog.usmint.gov/standing-rock-sioux-tribe-code-talkers-bronze-medal-one-one-half-inch-CO1.html Seminole Nation Code Talkers Bronze Medal 1.5 Inch https://catalog.usmint.gov/seminole-nation-code-talkers-bronze-medal-one-one-half-inch-CO7.html Santee Sioux Code Talkers Bronze Medal 1.5 Inch https://catalog.usmint.gov/santee-sioux-code-talkers-bronze-medal-1-one-half-inch-941.html Cheyenne River Sioux Tribe Code Talkers Bronze Medal 1.5 Inch https://catalog.usmint.gov/cheyenne-river-sioux-tribe-code-talkers-bronze-medal-1-one-half-inch-949.html Sisseton Wahpeton Oyate (Sioux) Tribe Code Talkers Bronze Medal 1.5 Inch https://catalog.usmint.gov/sisseton-wahpeton-oyate-sioux-tribe-code-talkers-bronze-medal-1.5-inch-933.html Yankton Sioux Tribe Code Talkers Bronze Medal 1.5 Inch https://catalog.usmint.gov/yankton-sioux-tribe-code-talkers-bronze-medal-one-one-half-inch-CT7.html Fond du Lac Band of Lake Superior Chippewa Tribe Code Talkers Bronze Medal 1.5 Inch https://catalog.usmint.gov/fond-du-lac-chippewa-code-talkers-one-and-one-half-inch-bronze-medal-15MH.html Hopi Tribe Code Talkers Bronze Medal 1.5 Inch https://catalog.usmint.gov/hopi-tribe-code-talkers-bronze-medal-one-one-half-inch-CK7.html	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0125.json.gz/line980
__label__cc	0.597208	0.402792	« Blood Ties Unleashed » \| Kindle \| Nook \| Kobo \| AppleBooks When you tempt a dragon, be prepared for the fire... Zoologist Chloe Stevens is certain she's on a wild-goose chase. There are worse things than being forced to travel to a remote South Pacific island, but to search for a dragon? She's sure the real reason she's been sent to find a creature that doesn't exist is that her boss—and ex-lover—wants her out of the way while he properly initiates a new team member. Whatever. Might as well relax and enjoy her all-expense-paid "assignment", aka vacation on Ryuu Mountain. The secluded resort is the perfect place to indulge in a little carefree, hedonistic sex. Especially with Jared, the drop-dead-gorgeous bartender. Their hot fling quickly melts into something deeper. When Jared reveals he is more than he seems, Chloe has a decision to make. Whether to take her discovery public and make her mark in the scientific world. Or keep his secret to herself—and surrender body and soul to the only man who sets the woman in her on fire. "Lying, cheating bastard," Chloe Stevens mumbled under her breath before taking another long pull from her icy strawberry drink. The delicious fruity concoction did little to help cool her down. In fact, it seemed to rile and fuel the dark side of her temper even more. Shifting on her beachside bar stool, Chloe stirred her drink with her straw, blew an exaggerated breath and glanced around the majestic island of Ryuu. Emerald waves lapped gently against a bed of pristine white sand and created soft, soothing noises. Towering palm trees fringed the secluded cove, providing the eclectic mix of guests with their much-coveted privacy. Off in the distance she could see couples frolicking in the warm surf, sexual energy oozing off them as their seductive laughter lingered in the air. Warm exotic scents from flowers, salt water, and...man curled around her and awakened her senses. Chloe drew the alluring aroma into her lungs, tasting and savoring the sweetness on the tip of her tongue before exhaling with a heavy sigh. Sure the exotic island was beautiful, everything the brochure had promised, and sure she should be out enjoying the activities instead of plotting and strategizing ways to separate Michael Wilson's testicles from his body, but she couldn't seem to get her ex-lover out of her head. As a zoologist working at York University in Toronto under the guidance of the charming, enigmatic Michael Wilson, the last place she expected to find herself was on a small island smack dab in the middle of the Pacific Ocean, searching for dragons. Dragons. Of all the... The island might be called Ryuu, meaning dragon in Japanese, but that certainly didn't mean dragons inhabited it. Now or ever. A slight breeze blew in off the water and rushed over her moist skin as Chloe pulled a red leatherlike swatch from her pocket, peeled away the protective cloth and ran it through her fingers. As far as she was concerned, sending her to the island in search of the legendary Ryuu dragon was just an excuse to get her out of the office so Michael could properly "initiate" the newest member of the organization into his team—his personal team, that is. Chloe scoffed, remembering her initiation all too well. Michael's new plaything was young, innocent, and oh so accommodating, a replica of Chloe herself. Chloe shook her head. Michael sure had a way of breaking in the good girls. Honestly, her biggest mistake wasn't in sleeping with her boss. Her biggest mistake was thinking about fairy-tale weddings and happily-ever-after. Let's see how happily-ever-after Michael was going to be without his testicles. And speaking of fairy tales... Legend had it that a dragon slumbered on the mountain towering the sandy island floor. But that's all it was...a legend. For years rumors had circulated and garnished the fantasies of many people, so much so that a tall fence had been erected around the base of the mountain to keep the beast contained, according to the tale. Chloe suspected the real reason for the fence was to keep vacationers from exploring the dangerous cliffs. Over the last century the whispers had died down, until some crazed lunatic had recently touched down on Canadian soil carrying, what he claimed to be, part of a dragon's wing. Chloe examined the swatch again before rewrapping it and slipping it back into the pocket of her sundress. Truthfully, it looked like the caruncle from the throat of a wild turkey. Even though numerous scientific tests performed at the university lab had ruled out that logical explanation, Chloe still believed otherwise. After all, secret genetic engineering experiments were growing at an alarming rate worldwide. One couldn't deny the possibility that she was in possession of a mutated caruncle. Although why one would want to do gene splicing with a turkey was beyond her. Despite the studies on the sample, the truth was Chloe still couldn't positively identify the red swatch, with all the strange veinlike vessels spidering off in different directions, but she was pretty sure it wasn't a dragon's wing. Because dragons didn't exist, dammit. And she'd only been sent to the island on some wild-goose chase—or rather dragon chase—so her boss could have his wicked way with the new girl. Obviously her boss had come to the same conclusions as she had—the swatch was nothing more than a mutated caruncle. Otherwise he'd be all over the island, seeking his fame and fortune with the rare, yet spectacular discovery. If there was one thing the last few months had taught Chloe, it was that her ex was a man of little character, a man who'd do anything to get ahead in the scientific world, even if that meant using extreme measures and excessive force in the field, much to Chloe's dismay. He was also a man who believed a woman's place was inside the lab, not in fieldwork, because they lacked the skill, strength and intelligence needed when going up against wild animals. Sure he was quick to enlighten her to the fact that this was the opportunity she'd been waiting for, the opportunity to prove her abilities outside an academic setting, but they both knew it was a load of bull. She was merely a distraction he didn't need when breaking in his new plaything. Honestly, Chloe would give her eyeteeth to discover a dragon on Ryuu. Then after she unveiled her discovery, she'd make her mark in the scientific world, and show her ex what she was really made of. What all women were made of. Her anger sparked and she grunted something very unladylike. The hell with Michael and his ridiculous notion that dragons existed. She had two weeks on this beautiful island. Even though it was the off-season for tropical vacations, and there were very few guests at the singles resort, she might as well take advantage of her paid vacation and try to mingle with the fellow vacationers. Sure it was out of character for her. But maybe a little—or a lot—of hedonistic sex was just what this scientist needed to take her mind off matters. Yeah, it was time to let her long auburn hair down and indulge in a playtime before she went back to civilization and figured out her next career move, and how she was going to spend the rest of her life. Deciding to do just that, she pulled her hair from its restrictive ponytail, shook out her locks and let them fall over her shoulders in a rebellious tumble. Then she removed the straw from her glass and downed what was left in one gulp. "Can I get you another?" Chloe tipped her chin and turned toward the deep, sexy voice. Gorgeous emerald green eyes edged in rich amber met her gaze. Taking her by surprise, her heart skipped a beat and her entire body moistened. Good God, she'd never seen eyes quite like those before. She looked past his shoulder but the bartender who'd served her earlier was nowhere to be found. Geez, she'd been so lost in her thoughts she hadn't realized a shift change had taken place. Her gaze moved back to the new replacement, taking the utmost pleasure in his roguish good looks, short dark hair and killer athletic body. It was easy to tell he was a local by his rich coloring and sun-kissed skin. As she studied his appearance, her nipples tightened and brushed against her thin sundress. The feeling was downright sensual and had her mind spinning an erotic adventure. Mr. Hot Bartender was dressed in a white shirt with a nametag pinned over one sculpted pectoral, and a low-slung pair of jeans that showed off hewn muscles. With a casual, laid-back, easy way about him, this guy took bad-boy bartender to the extreme. As she slid her glass across the teak bar top, all thoughts of her ex-boss, his new plaything and dragon hunting disappeared quicker than her last daiquiri. Just then two men sidled up to the bar and summoned the barkeep. With Chloe's lascivious mind still focused on Mr. Hot Bartender's rock-hard body, she was only half-listening to the conversation, but her ears immediately perked up when one of the men brought up the Ryuu dragon, and the bartender quickly went to work on dispelling the ridiculous legend. As she watched him move with a casual nonchalance, her tongue darted out and scraped across her strawberry-soaked lips. His movements were so confidant, smooth and easy, it was almost as if he were gliding, or better yet, slow dancing around the small hut. With muscles that hadn't come from any gym, he looked wild and unkempt, like he'd just crawled out of bed. Damned if she didn't want to crawl right back into it with him. He was the antithesis of her ex-boss really. What the hell had she seen in Michael anyway? Intuition told her this guy had more integrity in his little pinkie finger than Michael had in his whole body. In fact, this guy seemed self-assured, secure in his identity and certainly didn't appear to be the type who needed a menagerie of women to boost his ego. He looked sexy, untamed, and downright..."scrumptious." Forget about taking advantage of the island. She'd rather take advantage of him. As soon as the two men left with their drinks, the bartender turned back to her. "Scrumptious, huh?" Dammit, she hadn't said that out loud, had she? She tried for causal but failed. "Yeah, my drink...it...it was good, real good." Rattled by his close proximity and animalistic allure, her words came out broken, choppy, despite her efforts. Cripes, she'd been around hot guys before, so what was it about this one that had the ability to addle her logical brain? "So you'd like another?" Suddenly, a tingle on her arm drew her attention. Needing a moment of reprieve from his seductive pull, she examined the rare, long-horned beetle crawling over her flesh. She lightly squeezed its hard black shell between her thumb and forefinger, stood and carefully placed it on a nearby tree. Satisfied that the beetle had been returned to nature unharmed, she twisted back around and reclaimed her seat in time to see the barkeep give her a look that she didn't quite understand. Ignoring it for the time being, her glance brushed over his nametag a second time before settling on his mesmerizing eyes. Benjared, aka, Mr. Hot Bartender leaned across the countertop and blatantly gave her a slow, lingering once-over. His observation halted and played over her breasts, and she wondered if he saw the telltale hardening of her nipples. His gaze travelled back to her face as he rolled her empty drink glass between his big palms. "Or maybe you'd rather talk?" he asked. "You look like you have something on your mind." She resisted the urge to laugh. Jesus, was she really that transparent? He gave her a wickedly playful grin that curled her toes and dampened her panties. "So what do you say? Drink? Or talk?" Hell, she didn't want to drink or talk. She wanted to play. And she wanted to be bad. Really, really bad. After all, being a good girl merely left her single, and with a job she certainly couldn't go back to. She held her hand out. "It's nice to meet you, Benjared. I'm Chloe." His rough hand curled around hers and brought on wild and wicked sensations. Her mind raced, and her body tingled right down to the tips of her toes. God, there was something so carnal and so primal about him that it had her burning from the inside out. "Call me, Jared. Jared Sani." "Jared..." she murmured, trying out the name and wondering how it would sound on her lips when she screamed it during climax.	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0125.json.gz/line982
__label__cc	0.717676	0.282324	About CJS This function need to use the browser to support JavaScript normal operation 20170301 Dr. Kuo, Yujen attends Naval METOC Office as a Keynote Speaker On 1st March 2017, Secretary General of TSJS, Dr. Kuo, Yujen was invited by the Naval METOC Office R.O.C. as a Keynote Speaker, his title is " US-Japan Alliance on Asia Pacific Strategy". Japan, located in East Asia is as a crucial partner for US, therfore, US-Japan's alliance is not only a platform but also mechanism for US extending its political, economic and military influences. Also, US-Japan's Strategy Structure, Military Force Deposition, Military Technology Development, as well as Foreign Diplomacy have a complentary and focusing point on each other. Owing to the fact that US-Japan alliance is focusing on security standards, its content as well as policy has a lot adjustment to do with Asia-Pacific region's dynamic situation. Japan's recent security reform dues to China and North Korea's potential threats; in other words, the threats have intensed the range and strenghth for two countries showing US-Japan's alliance ties. Click Num: Center for Japanese Studies, National Sun Yat-sen University . +886-7-5252000 ext. 5642 or 5643 . cfjsaa@mail.nsysu.edu.tw Rm. GE2009, General Education Bldg 70 Lianhai Rd., Gushan Dist., Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0125.json.gz/line986
__label__cc	0.700367	0.299633	Google Cloud to Host Accenture’s Life Sciences Platform Channelnomics Perspective The merger with Continuum and the advancement of TSP-ISAO lay the foundation for the next generation of managed service models. Headlines like last week’s about a new threat to ConnectWise MSPs are getting all too familiar. Hackers are using open ports and vulnerabilities to leverage ConnectWise MSPs as jumping-off points for infiltrating end users and planting malware on their devices. It’s the second time a warning like this went out to ConnectWise MSPs this year and part of a growing trend elevating MSPs to targets of hackers’ choice. To address these threats and bring necessary changes to a rapidly shifting landscape, ConnectWise is making adjustments via the merger. For end users, managed services are a means of getting the burden of IT administration and all of the associated expenses off their shoulders. Through managed services, end users assign the day-to-day responsibility of IT – inclusive of security – to expert organizations that can operate at scale. At least that’s the promise. The reality is much different. MSPs are proving they have the same operational and scale limitations as their customers. The lack of expert talent, the overwhelming volume of security threats, and the limitations of technology hamper their ability to deliver effective IT management. These challenges and limitations are a large part of the reason hackers are increasingly targeting MSPs as a point of entry to end users. Over the past year, hackers leveraged weaknesses and gaps in MSP infrastructure to install malware on end-user devices under management or to breach the security of third-party networks. The security and scale challenges are reasons why the announcements at the recent ConnectWise IT Nation Connect conference are indicators of the problems facing MSPs and the solutions to come. First, let’s look at the logic of merging ConnectWise and Continuum. ConnectWise is arguably one of the pillars of the managed service channel. Over the past four decades, it’s morphed from a managed service provider to a managed service enabler. Its professional services automation (PSA) application evolved from a tool that made MSPs more efficient to a platform that made managed service delivery more effective. ConnectWise operates under a sell-to model, with MSPs operating and administering all the applications in the stack independently. This model places all the management and administrative burden on the MSP. While MSPs take pride in their technical prowess, they’re often overwhelmed by the high volume of customer requests, vendor demands for attention, and security alerts that diminish their effectiveness. Continuum, born from the ashes of Zenith Infotech, always operated on a hosted model, in which the company’s teams in operations centers in India perform many – if not most – of the managed service functions. The Continuum model enables MSPs to deliver managed services and scale their businesses without the worry of having to expand staff and infrastructure continually. Moreover, most of the functions – such as security – aren’t the burden of the front-line MSP. Continuum’s hub-and-spoke model may do more for ConnectWise than provide an alternative approach to managed services. As the threat landscape continues to evolve and the management complexity burden increases, MSPs will find the need for more back-end support such as what Continuum provides. Over time, the managed service segment may evolve to look more like Continuum’s hub-and-spoke model than the distributed and independent ConnectWise model. A harbinger of this evolution is the other big announcement coming out of IT Nation: the launch of the Technology Solution Provider Information Sharing and Analysis Organization (TSP-ISAO). Officially unveiled in August, ConnectWise and founder Arnie Bellini took the opportunity of having a big stage to unveil further developments in this security initiative. TSP-ISAO’s mission is to develop new research, methods, and partnerships to create better, automated systems to give MSPs and their customers greater levels of security against the ever-mounting volume of threats and attacks. Essentially, TSP-ISAO wants to take the big, heavy security burden off the shoulders of MSPs. The cornerstone of the initiative is the creation of a security language that will facilitate the sharing of information about different security technologies to automate the dissemination of threat intelligence and responses. TSP-ISAO plans to standardize on STIX (Structured Threat Information eXpression) and TAXII (Trusted Automated eXchange of Indicator Information). STIX is a language standard that creates a common expression for what a threat is. TAXII is the standard for transmitting intelligence to various security technologies for review and action. TSP-ISAO’s vision is the creation of an information clearinghouse and support center. Through a combination of human reviews, machine learning, and artificial intelligence, TSP-ISAO aims to prioritize and communicate threats to security technologies in the MSPs’ stack for action. Through artificial and human intelligence, TSP-ISAO wants to take the guesswork out of what’s important to the MSP, thus improving security effectiveness. If TSP-ISAO achieves its goals and ConnectWise migrates to look more like the Continuum model, the managed service segment will see more automation, hosted support, and interlocking capabilities that solve many – if not most – of the scale and complexity issues holding back today’s MSPs. IT Nation Connect 2019 may go down in the channel history books as the turning point where managed services truly started its maturity curve.	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0125.json.gz/line991
__label__wiki	0.93842	0.93842	Comedian; Author; Co-host, The View Joy Behar, co-host of The View, joins Charlie to talk about her memoir "Joy Shtick." Mo Mowlam; Robert Wilson; Joy Behar World, Entertainment, Politics, BooksAir Date 07/23/1999 Mo Mowlam talks about the peace process in Ireland; director Robert Wilson; comedian Joy Behar. 'The View' Entertainment, Politics, MediaAir Date 03/02/1999 Co-hosts of ABC's "The View"—Joy Behar, Star Jones, and Meredith Vieira—discuss the Monica Lewinsky scandal. 'The View'; John Thompson Entertainment, Sports, MediaAir Date 03/02/1999 Co-hosts of ABC's "The View" discuss the Lewinsky scandal; former Georgetown coach John Thompson on stepping down. The Humor Section Meredith Vieira Bradford Berenson	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0125.json.gz/line993
__label__wiki	0.748858	0.748858	Artist Review: SuperM the ideal K-Pop supergroup Nadia Sumlar, Co-editor K-Pop is only growing every day and opening up new opportunities for upcoming artists. And just when you think K-Pop could not get any better, on Oct. 4, it did. That day SM Entertainment decided to form what they call a “supergroup” by combining members from top boy bands under their label. The new group consists of seven members from other SM Entertainment boy groups such as EXO, NCT, WayV and SHINee. Baekhyun and Kai, from EXO, are well recognized factors in their bands. From Baekhyun’s powerful vocals to Kai’s powerful dancing, SM made a good contribution to SuperM with these two. Ten, Mark, Lucas and Taeyong are all from a large group called NCT. I would be technical and tell you what sub-groups in NCT they are from, but I don’t want to bore you. Personally, when I think of NCT, I think of these members. Taeyong as the leader, Ten as the dance god, Mark as the rap king, and Lucas as the male model. And with being apart of NCT, Ten and Lucas are also apart of WayV, a chinese boy group. SM once again showed its intelligence by making them a part of this group. And last but definitely not least, we have Taemin from SHINee. Now, NCT is a fairly new group that debuted in 2016. And EXO has had their fair share of knowledge in the game since they debuted in 2011. But Taemin is definitely not considered a rookie, and is called the senior of SuperM since he has been in the K-Pop scene since 2008 when he started with SHINee. Taemin has gone from being called “tone deaf” to being one of the most legendary K-Pop acts. As a matter of fact, Taemin became the first K-Pop idol to debut in three generations of K-Pop. SM Entertainment, smart move. SuperM made their American debut with the song “Jopping,” which has 47 million views. SuperM has become the second K-Pop group to debut No. 1 on the Billboard Artist 100 chart. And SuperM became the first Korean act to achieve No. 1 on the Billboard 200 albums chart with their debut album. SuperM’s slogan is “we are the future”, and I believe that. SuperM is only the beginning of what K-pop has in store for us. nadia sumlar taeyong Christmas creates perplexed personas Movie Review: Puppy love returns, this time on Disney+ Review: Live action “Aladdin” remake Review: Is this music really popular on YouTube? Cameron Mica Boyce: The boy who will live on ‘The Little Mermaid’ casting causes controversy for Disney Opinion: Uno wrong for declaring stacking rule illegal Artist Review: Ateez Book Review: ‘The Hate U Give’ Review: CNET’s Netflix rankings don’t add up	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0125.json.gz/line999
__label__wiki	0.602661	0.602661	Return To Capitalism End the Fed and TBTF Banks By Wayne Jett © July 8, 2018 If the current American economic system were capitalism, then blaming capitalism for the horrible plight inherited by President Trump might make sense. But capitalism lost much of its role in America when the global ruling elite got their privately owned Federal Reserve in 1913 and imposed the Great Depression beginning in October, 1929. Since then, mercantilism has ruled economic affairs in the U. S. and the world. But now, with uprooting of the elitist cabal on Trump’s agenda (per “The Plan” exposed by #Q-Anon), capitalism’s window of opportunity for return may be opening. The case is made in The Fruits of Graft – Great Depressions Then and Now that, whenever fault is found in U. S. economic affairs, capitalism is blamed. Or, if politics are involved, capitalism is blamed in conjunction with republican representative government. In either case, the true culprit has been the king-making power system called mercantilism imposed by the elitist cabal which has ruled the world for centuries. Mercantilism In Control Mercantilism was the genteel name used by academics, economists and politicians to identify that power system for hundreds of years until the mid-20th century. By then, FDR had done much to consolidate elitist influence in academia and the media so that capitalism – not mercantilism – could be blamed for all ills. Though many ills flowed directly from elitist ownership of the Federal Reserve and the big, international banks of Wall Street, the strength of this argument was ignored in the halls of power. Congress and Woodrow Wilson sold out to the elitist cabal in 1913 by creating the Federal Reserve and by granting complete, secret control over creation of currency to the same private parties who, by definition, own the biggest banks in the nation. Now, 105 years later, America’s economic system is mercantilism incarnate. The Fed provides Wall Street banks limitless financing. The big banks finance – or underwrite securities to raise capital for – national and international firms created to dominate each and every niche of business enterprise. How are main street, family-owned businesses to survive, much less compete from a position of strength? Main street businesses have little or no chance to compete head-to-head locally, much less on an interstate playing field. Such businesses – the hallmark of capitalism – are penned into a progressively smaller arena of competition. Eventually, many are driven entirely out of business, such as has been experienced during the decade of 2007-2016. Smaller banks serving local businesses and residents have succumbed to the Too Big To Fail Wall Street banks, which Congress and the Fed allowed to spread to every part of the country. Drain the Swamp, the Fed and Wall Street This is a dreadful economic/financial malady – just as bad as the political swamp in Washington, D.C., which so richly deserves draining. You will not be surprised that the two crises are very closely related. The political swamp has been created by the same elitist cabal which owns the Fed and the Wall Street banks. Draining the D. C. swamp requires unseating the ruling elite and bringing them to justice. Previous reports here have described how that is being done and progress to date. Fundamental reform of the financial system imposed by the elitist cabal should follow draining of the swamp as night follows day. Ending the Fed and creating a sound money system will go far towards restoring real, competitive capitalism in America and the world.	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0125.json.gz/line1009
__label__wiki	0.755848	0.755848	'Zombie Dawning' and Other Poetry by James Ph. Kotsybar ‘Praise for Fall’ and Other Poetry by Janice Canerdy 2020 High School Poetry Competition From the Society, High School Submissions, Poetry, Poetry Contests On Wendy Cope's Wasteland Limericks (Essay) Culture, Essays, Humor, Poetry, Reviews Betsy Hughes in her home in Oakwood, Ohio. (David Leach) ‘Communicating Universal Truths’: An Interview with Betsy Hughes Essays, Interviews, News of Note, Poetry By Sharon Kilarski \| Originally Published in The Epoch Times A sonnet by Betsy Hughes offers unmistakable relief; you can actually understand what you are reading. Words in glistening, clear images form ideas, which gather together unostentatiously to draw you toward satisfaction. For this poet, who champions accessible language and the classic form of the sonnet, the classics have the power to fortify us. Classical poetry survives because it still communicates to us, said Hughes in a phone interview last month. It does so because its language is clear and its themes universal. Much of the poetry written today “is so esoteric that its meaning is muffled, its messages incomprehensible,” she later wrote in a later email exchange. Hughes attributes these failings to the idea that today artists seem to be intent on expressing themselves. Self-expression may be their sole purpose. Although their poems may appeal to an in-group who are driven by fads, this type of poetry “violates art’s purpose to communicate universal truths.” By communicating universal truths, the classics can strengthen us, Hughes says, because they remind us of qualities that endure in all times despite the threats from within—such as our mortality—and from without, due to political pressures and contemporary crises. Put another way, and considering classical poetry in particular, it fortifies us through consolation and wisdom, offering consolation for those threats from within us and wisdom to deal with the threats that come from without. The Sonnet Hughes came to appreciate the sonnet in her studies, her teachings, and her pursuits. You might say that it was love from afar for most of her life. As an undergraduate at Vassar, Hughes became acquainted with the Pulitzer Prize-winning poet Edna St. Vincent Millay, an alumna known for her sonnets. She—her spirit—was almost a presence on campus, Hughes said. However much we struggle, disdain, or despair over current events and urgencies, we may retreat to the wisdom of a classical poem to clear our eyes. After graduation, Hughes taught middle school and high school English for 34 years and introduced poetry into every course possible. But it was not until Hughes retired that she had the time to devote herself to the form. She felt “an overpowering urge” to write, and an outpouring of sonnets resulted. Hughes, in fact, wrote a Petrarchan sonnet about her relationship with the form: At Sea With the Sonnet The moon commands: Now take a midnight swim, just dive right in and feel yourself immerse! And so I plunge and pray for safe traverse in lyrics undulating at the brim. Where is the muse? Where are the seraphim? What compass guides across this universe? Afloat, can I convey my thoughts in verse, can I transform ideas into a hymn? The moon commands: Swim to the current’s time, take measured strokes and feel yourself flex strong! And so I sense the rhythm, sense the rhyme; syllabic heartbeats with my words belong to nature’s pattern, nature’s paradigm. I am iambic as I swim my song. Hughes believes she was drawn to the sonnet because it allowed her a great deal of freedom within its classical structure. But the structure offers her its own pleasures: “I love the sonnet’s sound qualities due to its rhyme scheme and its rhythm qualities due to its natural iambic pentameter.” The sonnet is a structured poem with roots that go back to medieval Italy. In English, however, it is typically written in 14 lines of iambic pentameter. Think of an iamb as a steady heartbeat, da DA—a set consisting of an unstressed and stressed syllable. String five of these together to make the pentameter. In the English sonnet (as opposed to the rhyming scheme of the Petrarchan type), the poet usually arranges lines in alternating end rhymes, which change per stanza, and the whole poem ends with a couplet—a pair of lines, the ends of which rhyme with one another. Arranging syllables to keep this rhythm while making sense requires a good deal of verbal gymnastics. Doing it so that the language does not sound awkward or artificial, and, in fact, has a certain tunefulness requires a master linguist. Add to that images, allusions, metaphors—ideas, basically—that reveal a truth of our condition, and you have the ingredients that make a sonnet worthy of its name. Hughes’s book of sonnets, “Breaking Weather,” won the 2013 Stevens Poetry Manuscript Competition, and her second, “Indigo Macaw,” not yet published, has been recently shortlisted in a manuscript competition. Although she named the latter for a painting of a bird that struck her, she now thinks the macaw, an endangered species, is as an apt metaphor for classical poetry. Offering Us Wisdom We could learn a lot from 19th century English poets and some of the 20th century American poets, too, Hughes believes. “These sonneteers zero in on the important universal verities in nature and human relationships, and they warn against forces inimical to those truths,” she explained. Hughes cites, for example, contemporary politics as a reason to look to Percy Bysshe Shelley’s poem “Ozymandias.” It describes a “colossal wreck” of a monument, buried in the sands of antiquity. Here are a few lines: “And on the pedestal these words appear: ‘My name is Ozymandias, king of kings: Look on my works, ye Mighty, and despair!” However much the emperor might sneer at or boast to his enemies, or to his progeny, for that matter, he and his kingdom are no more. Those today who build monuments, engage in war, scurry for greed, will also succumb to time and dust. Thus, however much we struggle, disdain, or despair over current events and urgencies, we may retreat to the wisdom of a classical poem to clear our eyes. The Classical Arts as Consolation If the poetry offers us a means to step back and, through a new perspective, gain wisdom, the classical arts as a whole may also offer us consolation through connection. Before the interview, Hughes had just listened to a 24-hour public radio broadcast and heard Beethoven’s “Pathétique,” her mother’s favorite piece. She felt strengthened listening to it, better equipped to deal with the challenges of the present. She felt buttressed. The title for Betsy Hughes’s second book of sonnets, as yet unpublished, came from her seeing artist Isabella Kirkland’s painting “Trade,” which had the image of an Indigo Macaw. This famous illustration of the bird is by 19th century artist Edward Lear (1812–88). Both of Hughes’s parents loved classical music, her daughter studied ballet, and her son classical guitar and voice. “There is familial legacy, a reassuring sense of continuity through generations of music appreciation,” Hughes said. Classical music, poetry, and ballet link people through time. These arts allow us to see that we do not differ that much from our ancestors: We still love, grieve, face our own deaths. In facing threats from within, we are not alone. But the consolation we receive from the arts can be more than just personal. In the act of writing sonnets, Hughes sees herself as participating in a line of poets that goes back centuries. We can take comfort in the fact the generations preceding us have faced these same issues, and have worked in these same traditions. Modern art such as modern poetry lacks that lineage. In this sense, the classics are an antidote to loneliness. Sale James June 17, 2016 This is a wonderful review and I think so right in its central contentions about classical poetry, and what it does, and what it’s for, and what it is not. Of course, it’s difficult to write, and requires a lifetime’s dedication till one can achieve anything like fluency; that is why it is so unpopular in the C20th and more so in the C21st: generally, people want instant gratification and their 15 minutes of fame for simply being there, as opposed to actually achieving anything. I admire Betsy Hughes and her commitment – great article – I shall look out for her work: the sonnet is my favourite form. 绿山从 From Green Mountain (Cong Lu Shan) June 17, 2016 I have been a professional writer for as long as I can remember. The only people I found who love writing, authentic writing have been bums on streets. I was so disheartened by this I wanted to give up. In fact, Ms. Hughes is an inspiration to young writers in that there is nothing counter-culture about it. It is the art of the Ancient Greeks and of Shakespeare, and Wu Cheng’en and Li Bai. It encompasses everything. From poetry, to science, to art. It is the most immediate art form other than speaking. Only one stepped removed from our biology, the voice. It is absolutely conservative, proper, and authentic. In other words. It is tradition and classical art. Only depending on the genuine refinement of one’s character to be able to produce genuine art. Unlike classical music, which can be played with immense technique with comprehension of its inner-meanings. I believe it is hard to produce good writing without an understanding of its inner-meaning. The layman is easy to fool! But mastery of writing is hard to come by while being an ignorant. Simply because the art for is so immediate that unlike art or music, it can only be gained through life-experience. Even the technical aspect comes more from reading than practice. In my belief. Although practice cannot be replaced in any form of discipline. Thank you James. james sale June 20, 2016 Thank you. I agree with many of your comments and sentiments, although I am sad that the only people you could find who like authentic writing were ‘bums on streets’ – but I accept a genuine passion for writing is rare. So many are preoccupied with the status it seems to give, either as a writer or name-dropper of writers who are ‘in’. We obviously live far apart, but you should have met me many years ago: I have been loving poetry for 50 years – indeed have just come back from a spiritual retreat studying the work of Dante last weekend, which was fabulous – and there seems no end to this love: the further, the deeper, one is into the writing, the more there is, because the connections become more visible and intense. I guess this is just like the universe: bounded but infinite. Lu Shan June 20, 2016 no, i should not have said that. it was my own selfish nature that caused me to sink into that atmosphere. Yourself, Ms. Hughes, the being I aspire to be, that is a poet’s world. Thank you. Reid McGrath June 27, 2016 I thank you so much for this Interview with a fine practitioner of the sonnet who ought to be better known. “I am iambic as I swim my song” is delightful poetry, active and sensory, a rock-solid ending as well as a clean and sparse line, without losing any of the metaphoric, esoteric beauty. This is the type of poetry I would expect to be produced if one were to put Emily Dickinson and Walt Whitman in a blender and then subsequently have a contemporary writer turn them into a sonnet. Hughes is that writer. She is as smooth as a smoothie. And unique in her own way. She may not beat Millay at her best (as she seems less crazy), but her language and diction is less stale and more singular than Millay during her more mediocre meditations, when she was trying to sound like Shakespeare three hundred years removed, which never, ever works, albeit Millay probably did it better than anybody in the twentieth century.	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0125.json.gz/line1010
__label__cc	0.542026	0.457974	The Classic Anime Museum A self preservation society for classic Japanese animation from the 1980s as well as the 1960s and 1970s. Essays and Misc Tag: Mecha #167 : Robotech In the year 1985, inside a basic home in a small town of the Midwestern U.S., a single television show that aired the afternoons I got home from school would alter the course of my personal history… as an anime fan to be precise. I remember very well the time was 4:00 pm and the channel on the television would land on the number 11 and for a half hour from Monday to Friday, it would be time to watch this odd show in the mix of a ton of other possibilities called Robotech. Now I will be the first to admit that Robotech is not quote unquote official anime, it is in my own phrasing ‘adapted anime’. Eventually many of us who grew up with this show, would progress on to see and experience the original three series that made up Robotech (Macross, Southern Cross and Mospeada), but I have not forgotten my roots. While Robotech is often poo poo-ed in some fan circles, and I can agree with all the DVD releases being a bit excessive and Harmony Gold being very stubborn, but let’s look at this show for what it was for me as a kid, a mere budding anime fan. This was my gateway drug, a very powerful one at that for my generation. Terms like anime and otaku and large scale franchises like Studio Ghibli, Pokemon and Shonen Jump were unknowns for a little kid growing up in the mid-1980s in the Midwest of the U.S. This was most likely true for you as well if you are of a similar age as myself. This was the wild west of late Generation X where we didn’t have all the fancy terminology, conventions, or even the internet. All we had was a gut sense reaction saying… you know… I really like something about THIS show. Often times anime that is broadcast here in the west, particularly the U.S., is often reinterpreted, adapted, or perhaps censored to a certain degree. Free speech?! Robotech changed names to more Anglican terminology, or got close in translation, or just left some of them alone, took out Japanese references like text, etc., totally changed the meaning of protoculture, shoe horned three unrelated series into a single timeline and added a fresh soundtrack. … Might I say, what a fine soundtrack it still is! … And the final product, which if you take into consideration had a short time of assemblage and production, is quite well done for the time. Carl Macek, the main producer behind the show, should be given a medal for what he did to put together Robotech. He had a job to do and did the best he could. If anyone ever bad mouth’s Carl’s work on Robotech, at Streamline Pictures, or his later works, I will ask the question, what would you do if you had these tasks? Now let’s consider what Robotech did right, or left in tact so to speak. The concepts of interracial relationships, a transgender, or gender non-conforming character and even characters showing a side of doubt, depression, or anxiety were not seen much in terms of general television in 1980s. Yet, a “kids” show had it all and opened up a world of a more diverse human experience. Characters did not go to a hospital planet when they become mortally wounded, they died! And in terms of dialogue, Robotech never talked down to you with immature of more childish language to appeal as safe to the public. It was an anomily, lightning in a bottle and even though Robotech is far from perfect (and I ask you just what is perfect?), it is at least genuine in terms of expressing a total array of human emotion and experience through the lens of sci-fi fantasy. As an impressionable youth in the aftermath of the original Star Wars run, barraged by other cartoons and comic book super heroes, Robotech, amongst other anime at the time would become my go to for fantasy, adventure and defining a personal sense of mythology. I owe my love of anime to Robotech and I often find it ironic that even though I see Robotech as a large epic, it is unknown to many younger, or newer fans of anime. Some older fans dismiss it, some are stuck on it as the only “anime” they know and others like myself, see it as a first step into a world of wonder that continues to grow each and every day. … and yes, I prefer the unmastered original version 🙂 For reviews on the original anime that made up Robotech: Super Dimension Fortress Macross Super Dimension Calvary Southern Cross Genesis Climber Mospeada Author JoshPosted on January 3, 2020 Categories 1985, TV SeriesTags 1985, 80s cartoon, action, adventure, aliens, Mecha, music, politics, Robotech, romance, sci-fi, space19 Comments on #167 : Robotech #160 : Mobile Police Patlabor (OVA series) PATLABOR! Veni Vidi Vici… and then… retirement. Yes there have been reboots of more recent for Patlabor, but in essence like Space Battleship Yamato, or even the Beatles… well maybe the Stone Roses as we are talking the late 1980s here, Patlabor would have it’s time in the sun with the original ‘band line-up‘ in tact for only a minute period of time. A manga, TV series, two films (I am not going to count WXIII as a third) and a follow-up OVA would be born from a little seven episode OVA created by a partnership in 1988. What happens when super talented folks in the anime industry unite for a project? They make a classic. … now then, can we get the old band back together? One of the greatest mecha shows that is also a comedy, a drama, a showcase for parody and a cop show all rolled into one nice neat seven episode package. Very tidy and an example of bringing together talented minds to make something original and special. The main creative group behind Patlabor, known as Headgear, consisted of manga artist Masami Yuki, mechanical designer Yutaka Izubuchi, writer Kazunori Itō, character designer Akemi Takada and director Mamoru Oshii. I leave it to you to look up their resumes. The direct to video OVA had proven itself as an affective medium to distribute anime for almost half a decade and the diversity of projects showcased that this was a free for all medium. When Patlabor was released in 1988, it was positioned at a good place and time. Independent and smaller focused projects were abundant and ranged from well done productions to experimental eccentricities to the laughably bad. Yet as fans we love them all! 1988 would kick up the notch with several releases that elevated the OVA into a format that became a viable art form including Patlabor, Gunbuster and the behemoth Legend of the Galactic Heroes. Patlabor as a mecha show speaks to those who were fans of giant robot animation as children and still are even as adults… myself included. Watch the opening credits and feel all that enthusiasm from both past and present collide… “nothing’s impossible.” The aspect of going to work and fulfilling a role in society is something many of us understand well and is a main contributor to the storyline of Patlabor. The cast of Special Vehicles Section 2 are not super heroes, nor space pilots, they are your average everyday police officers… who pilot, or work with mechs while solving a case. The whole concept of mecha in Patlabor is perhaps the most extreme portrayal of giant robots as standard everyday equipment. a real “Real Robot”… no pun intended. Yet the mascot like patrol labors, the Ingrams, are not the be all end all of this show. The true stars are the cast and what a mixed bag indeed: an aloof, but genius captain; an enthusiastic tomboy who names her Ingram after her dog; a cynical rich kid; a gun crazed lunatic; a nerdy husband, a gentile giant and an American transfer round out the crew of SV2. The dynamics between each personality is what fuels Patlabor. The episodes are a mixed bag of ideas, some of which come out of left field. You get your introductory episode, a bomb defusing episode, a Godzilla inspired episode, a summer camp murder mystery episode and even a two parter that vaguely reminds me of a prototype for the future film Patlabor 2: The Movie. References galore pop up time and again, but in clever and funny ways that makes the comedy of Patlabor pure gold. One example that left me laughing… “What do you think your piloting? Great Mazinger? Dangaioh?” Who would have thought that this little project would grow into a massive success? And the beauty of it all is that as Patlabor grew it seemed to have gotten better… perhaps because we get hungry for more adventure of the SV2. Traditional mecha anime, piloted robots, by this time had waned in popularity on TV in terms of younger fans except for a few exceptions. All of us seasoned fans, perhaps a little bent on nostalgia, welcomed the initial Patlabor OVA that filled a need to those of us who may have grown and taken on additional roles into society, but are at heart are still enthusiastic fans of animation. We all may have jobs now, even our heroes, but were still at the root of it all the same. Now, time to go to work! Author JoshPosted on December 2, 2019 Categories 1988, OVATags 1988, action, anime, comedy, drama, japanimation, Mamoru Oshii, Mecha, Mobile Police Patlabor, Patlabor, police, sci-fi6 Comments on #160 : Mobile Police Patlabor (OVA series) #156 : Godmars GOD… MARS! ROKUSHIN GATTAI! I get chills every time I hear that when our hero Takeru Myojin prepares to bring together the six robots that make up the ultra cool Godmars mech. Released in 1981 during the space opera and mecha high times in the anime world, Godmars is a fine mix of the two. It’s far from a perfect mech show, or anime in general. So many anime fall into this pit trap, yet we still attach to them anyway because we found some redeeming qualities that end up resonating with us. Now strap in and get ready for one of my favorite super robot tales from way back when. This is Rokushin Gattai Godmars, often shortened to Godmars. Godmars holds a special place in my heart in that this was the first super robot show I tackled to completion beyond the ‘Voltron’ universe (be it GoLion, Diarugger, or Voltron itself). The time had come to grow up and move beyond the usual pastures and venture forth into the lands where alternate antiquated robot shows lived. Pictures and articles at first fulfilled speculation, next came the process of tracking down media. Godmars would present itself via a VHS tape of the 1982 compilation movie. Soon the film and the entire TV show became available on the fansub circuit and became the avenue that I digested the missing parts of the Godmars storylines. … Now disc based media exists as well, an eventual purchase on the horizon… maybe? Loosely based on an original manga (Mars) by the legendary Mitsuteru Yokoyama, Godmars turned into an epic space drama; a huge departure from it’s more Babel II-like roots. Takeru Myojin, our protagonist, is a 17 year old member of the Cosmo Crasher squad, a group dedicated to Earth’s protection during humanity’s age of heavy space exploration. This all takes places in the far off future of 1999, which for 1981 made sense, but nowadays seems a little… dated? It is 2019 when I am writing this entry and where is all the cool space travel and super hi-end technology? Back to what 1999 could have been… it seems that the Earth has encountered a race of aliens, hostile of course… why not friendly ones? An emperor named Zul, along with his Gishin empire, are determined to conquest the universe and Earth is the next stop. It turns out Takeru is not an Earthling and is in fact originally from Gishin. He was found as a baby by his adopted father and raised on Earth… hmm… sounds like Superman. Takeru learns his true identity is Mars and that he also has ESP abilities. So he is an esper?… yet another late 70s/early 80s trope. That and he soon learns he has a guardian robot which he can pilot as well, Gaia. OK then, I wonder if he has any surviving family on Gishin? Turns out he has a twin brother, Marg. Wow, talk about a lot of elements for a run of the mill mecha series! Plus let’s not forget the big bot of Godmars as well. Takeru while piloting Gaia combines with five other robots to create this nicely designed piece of engineering. The only thing that is missing here is a romantic element… and Godmars has that as well, via the conflicted character of Rosee (pronounced Ro-zay). Lots and lots of ingredients in this stew of a series… and this is only the first of three story arcs. It is Takeru Myojin for me that makes Godmars special. He is not the usual mecha/shonen archetypal character. Neither the funny goof ball, nor the hotshot masculine tough guy, or even the bratty complainer, Takeru is at the other end of the spectrum being more sensitive and gentle. A nice change of pace and a great way to show masculinity can have a tender side. On the other side of the fence, my only real issue with the show was that the romantic elements and sparks between Takeru and Rosee are never really flushed out. and even though this is a shonen action show, I really wanted to see at least one kiss between these two… just one! Not the end of the world, but I am a sucker for anime couples… maybe there is some fan fiction somewhere? While it was not a gateway drug, Godmars became for me a crucial next step into my journeys into classic mecha anime. The heavy melodrama and space opera were key elements I needed at that time of my fandom as this was just the answer to my many questions needing a solution. The only thing is that from one would come many more series to watch, yet I never forgot what Godmars showed me in the beginning and I still enjoy a watch from time to time. Author JoshPosted on November 12, 2019 Categories 1981, 1982, Movie, TV SeriesTags 1981, 1982, action, anime, Godmars, japanimation, Mecha, Rokushin Gattai Godmars, romance, sci-fi, space, super robot1 Comment on #156 : Godmars #25h : Robot Carnival : Strange Tales of Meiji Machine Culture: Westerner’s Invasion This is one of nine entries that take an in depth look into each of the segments of the 1987 anime compilation Robot Carnival. For the original entry, click here. Now this is what I call a proper parody of the classic super robot genre with the stock and trade five member sentai team. Hiroyuki Kitakubo’s Strange Tales of Meiji Machine Culture: The Foreigner’s Invasion (also known as A Tale of Two Robots) could have been an episode for a full TV series, yet this is another specifically created segment for Robot Carnival. And forget about high technology, space, laser beams, or mythical magic as this is the early Meiji era, or the later quarter of the 19th century, so we are limited to coal, archaic electrical power, levers and pulleys and cannons (or fireworks!). Plus, a heavy dose of slapstick humor. And while several productions of Robot Carnival have a humorous bend to the story, Strange Tales of Meiji Machine Culture is straight up pure comedy gold. Ring the bells loud and clear as there is a strange machine arising inside a busy town. Commanded by a loose lipped wild eyed foreigner, this robot begins its invasion in earnest. Now who in their right mind could stop this behemoth? Enter five brave (and perhaps crazy?) youths who built a similar machine for an upcoming town festival. Although their robotic machine was not made for combat in any way, they give it all they can, fighting the good fight for both the pride of their hometown and all of Japan. Stuck in the middle are the rest of the town folk who watch in both awe and a little frustration as the town gets its fair share of damage. As the old saying goes… in order to make an omelette, you have to break a couple eggs. Robot Carnival entry index: Franken’s Gears Deprive Starlight Angel Strange Tales of Meiji Machine Culture: Westerner’s Invasion Chicken Man and Red Neck Author JoshPosted on September 23, 2019 December 3, 2019 Categories 1987, OVATags 1987, A Tale of Two Robots, action, anime, comedy, Hiroyuki Kitakubo, historic, japanimation, Mecha, Robot Carnival, robots, Strange Tales of Meiji Machine Culture Westerner's Invasion7 Comments on #25h : Robot Carnival : Strange Tales of Meiji Machine Culture: Westerner’s Invasion #144 : Bubblegum Crisis The year of 2032… Mega Tokyo… hey what happened to regular Tokyo?… all hell has broken loose with these so called Boomers trashing the place. These androids are even too much for the illustrious AD Police, even with all their firepower and sophisticated technology. I demand to see how much of the tax revenue is being spent for this organization. We must therefore have a need for a third party to aid in this scenario. Welcome to the ’Hurricane’ world of the Knight Sabers. A world where a quartet of armored young women are the best answer for peace and justice. A world known simply as Bubblegum Crisis. So Bubblegum Crisis… it’s like Blade Runner with both the action intensity and sexiness turned way up high. Plus, get extra hairspray as this is the 80s; tease that hair kidos! I guess if one is to make their own anime homage to a Blade Runner-like universe, one must do it very LOUD! Make is sexy! Drop all that film noir moodiness and introspection and let the action tell the story. And for good measure why not add in a little bit of The Terminator, Batman and Streets of Fire for good measure. Plus why not also spice things up with a little sentai squad action, wearable mechanical armor and good looking characters via Kenichi Sonoda. Hmm, explosions and attractive people with a dash of cyberpunk for good measure, now I see why this OVA gained some notoriety. For a time Bubblegum Crisis defined what anime was for many fans, but as we all know, anime is so much more than just well animated hi-octane action stories. OK just who are these Knight Sabers exactly? A lingerie store owner, a motorcycle obsessed rock singer, an aerobics instructor and a junior member of the AD Police make up our heroic quartet. Interesting… just shows you don’t really know people that well outside the office. While their day jobs are quite ordinary, the Knight Sabers crime fighting skills are anything but. With the aid of skin tight wearable armor that aids in performance, these girls can kick some serious butt. Seriously! Kind of like Saint Seiya with super high end technology that has a more fetish like approach that could rival the robot designs from say The Humanoid? With high heels too! Gatchaman may have thigh high boots, but the Knight Sabers have stilettos. And it is these spike heeled suits that do the best damage against the Genom Corporation’s never ending renegade Boomer population. The AD Police try their best, but they often have a better role as spectators. The fighting style that the Knight Sabers employs reminds me a lot of Casshan… come to think of it he had a streamlined body suit too. Holy cow, where are all these references to other anime coming from? Bubblegum Crisis is perhaps the biggest creation of the studio AIC. Built on the bedrock of Megazone 23 and two other Sonoda designed entries, Wannabies and Gall Force, Bubblegum Crisis is AIC at it’s height. Perhaps these three previous entries led the way like stepping stones towards Bubblegum Crisis? Who can say, but everything was right and in place to bring the Knight Sabers to the OVA market, which by 1987 was really in high gear. Bubblegum Crisis is in many ways an original creation that is an homage to so many pop culture references. Fans of sci-fi and anime making their own anime their way. I know Bubblegum Crisis is beloved by many established fans and everyday is introduced to new ones via whatever method you choose to watch. I will say I like it, but I don’t get all the hype. Maybe because this was one of the best options back in the day as it was easy to come by and it spoke towards certain demographics. I will admit it’s a classic, animated very well (almost seems like each episode is a mini movie; late 80s OVA quality!) and a nice example of cyberpunk as a genre. As a piece of action entertainment Bubblegum Crisis is stellar, but for me at least it starts to wear down particularly in the later episodes. Still, it is fun and has a rockin’ soundtrack, can’t complain about that! Author JoshPosted on June 6, 2019 December 3, 2019 Categories 1987, OVATags 1987, action, AIC, anime, Bubblegum Crisis, cyberpunk, dystopian, japanimation, Mecha, music, robots, sci-fi6 Comments on #144 : Bubblegum Crisis #142 : Metal Skin Panic MADOX-01 If one is a fan of mecha, machinery, or action with the inclusion of a machine of some sort, then Metal Skin Panic MADOX-01 would be considered as close to porn for fans. Watch the opening scene with all the mechanics and electronics… it’s total mecha hentai, second to perhaps the credits of Patlabor 2. Only a mechanical designer would have created something like this OVA and in the case of MADOX-01 that is the truth. The name of Shinji Aramaki is all over the place… director, story creation and mechanical designer. I bet he was the caterer too? … Funny thing about MADOX-01, it reminds me of another OVA, I wonder what it could be? Though it’s not exactly the same it does remind me of… umm? Hmm? Let me think on this one… The year, 1987. The place, Japan. The man, Shinji Aramaki. The rise of the OVA format gave opportunities for many younger and/or junior rank members of the anime industry to take on the big role of directing a project. Names like Ichiro Itano, Koichi Ohata and Toshihiro Hirano went from special effects artists, mechanical designers, or character designers and moved into the realm of the director’s chair. Aramaki’s portfolio was filled with many mechanical designs ranging from anime including: Genesis Climber Mospeada, Megazone 23 (wait a minute!… oh never mind) and Bubblegum Crisis and western based shows like Pole Position, M.A.S.K. and even the original Transformers. Quite a nice lineup there so yes, he can draw machines very well… very well, but what about directing? I suppose its true to stick with your strengths and that is what Aramaki did with MADOX-01. A mechanical designer directing an anime all about mecha… what a surprise. The Japanese government has a new fancy weapon, wearable armor in fact. Codenamed the MADOX-01 it showcases quite the firepower and agility. It’s pilot even defeats an old stalwart in more traditional equipment, much to his chagrin. Yeah old man, you lost to a girl! I always thought women were better mecha pilots anyway! 🙂 Later the machine needs to be transported to a new location and somehow becomes lost after an accident (shakes head). Can’t the government afford a decent security transport? Almost like in Black Magic M-66… keep track of your toys kids! Then this fancy device ends up in the hands of some nerdy engineering student who seems to understand how it works (hello Amuro Ray?) and then becomes connected with it literally. Now Mr. Smarty Student has to evade the feds, including that angry guy from before who wants revenge so bad for being beaten before (chuckles). Again a little like Megazone 23 with Shogo with the Garland and being chased by the military and gaining a rival with B.D. … … Ah ha, it was Megazone 23 after all? Though I am stretching it a little, there are similarities if you take both OVAs from a certain point of view. Both stories want our protagonists to get back to their respective girlfriends at the end, but they have a minor issue of being wanted, as well as chased, from a larger authority. MADOX-01 is a far simpler story and is more based around the action than the unfolding mystery and drama of Megazone 23 (first installment to be specific). MADOX-01 is fun and has some unique character designs as well , but it is really a one and done sort of viewing. If you love mecha and action you will more than likely rewatch, while if you are more into shojo, or romance, I doubt you would consider it in the first place. I would highly recommend Megazone 23 in either case, just because it is a personal favorite and a far more superior production (my opinion). Either way they are both products of action powerhouse studio AIC! By the way, in case you are interested in what came of Aramaki-san he continued on as a director years later. Remember the CGI movies of Appleseed and Space Pirate Captain Harlock? He was behind the chair on those films and they really left me flat… I couldn’t do fifteen minutes of either one. MADOX-01 is thankfully watchable, short and old style cel drawn too… mmm, I love the smell of analog in the morning. Author JoshPosted on May 28, 2019 September 17, 2019 Categories 1987, OVATags 1987, action, AIC, anime, cyberpunk, japanimation, MADOX-01, Mecha, Metal Skin Panic MADOX-01, sci-fi, Shinji AramakiLeave a comment on #142 : Metal Skin Panic MADOX-01 #81b : Space Warrior Baldios For my original entry for Space Warrior Baldios, click here. Sometimes you have to recover your tracks in order to move forward. In terms of classic anime and in particular, Space Warrior Baldios, I have a little more to say… When I wrote the original entry for Space Warrior Baldios the only materials I had available were the first five episodes of the TV series, via fansub, and the film made from complied material with some revisioning. Then… I come to find out that the TV series would be released here in North America. Now I have an option to see Space Warrior Baldios in it’s entirety. I truly envy those of you who grew up in Europe during my youth, lets say approximately 1984 – 1990 as Baldios was available. But one thing I have learned, never, but never ever be envious period. If you want something, be it an experience, a product, a relationship, whatever, give it space and focus. In time that something will happen, but don’t get too attached as that will sabotage your journey along the way. Persevering towards something eventually creates the greater payoff. Law of attraction? Wait a minute, this is a posting for my update on Space Warrior Baldios! Very true, let’s talk anime. The class of 1980 for TV mecha entries number about a handful, but I have seen two thus far to this writing. Last time I commented how Space Warrior Baldios and Space Runaway Ideon represented two of the most austere space opera robot shows to grace the small screens. I still agree with this, but after watching Baldios to completion I have to give an edge to Ideon. Baldios has it’s darker moments and elements and has a great twister of an ending, but Ideon went even deeper and I have to bow in respect as I love the dark (classic Yoshiyuki Tomino). But… but, I still I enjoyed Baldios. Ideon may be the more revolutionary show, but Baldios is for me, the evolutionary candidate. Ideon can be likened to the original Mobile Suit Gundam, or Zambot 3 as all three are attributed to Yoshiyuki Tomino. He has a well known style in his classic shows and he made mecha anime into a slowburn auteur exercise. Baldios on the other hand feels like the next step from the overall trend in mecha anime that was growing at the seams in the 1970s. It felt and partially looked like a show from about 1976/1977, but was created in 1980 (which honestly is not that far off). There is an element of innocence and fun that abounds in Baldios. Even the stock sequence for forming the three part Baldios robot harkens more to a 70s combination, GATTAI! Still Baldios has its moments of heaviness and drama as stated before, but the majority in terms of the overall plot of the TV series occurred more so in the beginning and ending of the episode run. Take Cowboy Bebop as a similar example. The in between episodes of Baldios showcase many of the minor plot elements of the characters such as reunions, unrequited loves, power struggles, trust issues and xenophobia as examples. Yet this TV series is sadly incomplete and truncated and in order to have the full story, you must watch the movie as well. Even with cancellation and necessity the one thing I can give respect to Baldios is the fact that the entirety of the story was eventually completed albeit in two forms of media. As classic mecha titles were my initial entry in anime, I am delighted to finally have the complete tale of Baldios under my belt. I shall wear Baldios like a medal with pride! Thank you time for teaching me to patiently wait all of these years to reap the greater reward. Author JoshPosted on January 29, 2019 December 3, 2019 Categories 1980, 1981, Movie, TV SeriesTags 1980, 1981, action, anime, japanimation, Mecha, politics, sci-fi, space, Space Warrior Baldios, war1 Comment on #81b : Space Warrior Baldios Hello everyone, my name is Josh and I welcome you to the Classic Anime Museum. I am from St. Louis, MO and my presence here is to share my love and preserve Japan’s awesome cartoons from the 1960s, the 1970s and the 1980s. Join up with CAM Follow The Classic Anime Museum on WordPress.com The Classic Anime Museum Powered by WordPress.com.	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0125.json.gz/line1011
__label__cc	0.600733	0.399267	Did any church fathers after Chrysostom believe that Mary committed sin? The belief that Mary never committed sin has been around a long time, much longer than the final formulation of the doctrine of her immaculate conception (which happened around the 13th century). Augustine (d. 430), despite his doctrine of original sin, apparently carved out an exception for her, as summarized in the Encyclopedia of Ancient Christianity's entry on Mary: Augustine, drawn into the problem of Mary’s holiness by Pelagius, affirms against the opinion of his adversary that Mary, propter honorem Domini, is the only woman without sin (De nat. et gratia 36,42). On the other hand, Augustine's contemporary John Chrysostom (d. 407) apparently didn't go quite so far: Even John Chrysostom (d. 407), although attributing some imperfection to Mary, nonetheless holds her up as the example of the woman who overcomes human weaknesses (Co. Io. 20-21). I'd like to know if any after Chrysostom believed that Mary committed sin. I'd guess that the influence of Augustine would reduce the likelihood of finding this view in the West, but perhaps one or more fathers in the East continued to hold that she was less than morally perfect. This question follows typical definitions of what a "church father" is, but to spell it out, they are "ancient and generally influential Christian theologians" (as Wikipedia says), not those closely associated with heretical movements (such as the Pelagian Julian of Eclanum), and not the anonymous authors of popular apocryphal stories. And we'll say that the last of the church fathers is John of Damascus (d. 749). sin virgin-mary church-fathers medieval-church Nathaniel is protestingNathaniel is protesting Cyril of Alexandria (A. D. 376 – 444)- A recognized Father of the Eastern Orthodox Church, appears to have held that Mary had committed sin. This is not without controversy though, and ultimately comes down to how one interprets each of the passages I will provide. Although an early contemporary of John Chrysostom, Cyril of Alexandria carried on his mariological belief long after John's passing in 407 A.D. In his 12th book of "The Commentary on John" Cyril records what he perceives as sinful action that Mary undertook while Christ was on the cross: “For, doubtless, some such train of thought as this passed through her mind: ‘I conceived Him That is mocked upon the Cross. He said, indeed, that He was the true Son of Almighty God, but it may be that He was deceived; He may have erred when He said: I am the Life. How did His crucifixion come to pass? and how was He entangled in the snares of His murderers? How was it that He did not prevail over the conspiracy of His persecutors against Him? And why does He not come down from the Cross, though He bade Lazarus return to life, and struck all Judaea with amazement by His miracles?" The woman, as is likely, not exactly understanding the mystery, wandered astray into some such train of thought” (Cyril of Alexandria, Commentary on John, Book 12). (Emphasis added.) Although in this passage Cyril seems to indicate sinful behavior on the part of Mary, it is not so clear based on his other writings. In his II Homily at The Ecumenical Church at Ephesus, Cyril appears to be observing an "uncorrupt" image of the Virgin: Hail, Mary Theotokos, Virgin-Mother, lightbearer, uncorrupt vessel . . . Hail Mary, you are the most precious creature in the whole world; hail, Mary, uncorrupt dove; hail, Mary, inextinguishable lamp; for from you was born the Sun of justice . . . Through you, every faithful soul achieves salvation. (Homily 11 at the Ecumenical Council of Ephesus; Gambero, 243, 245) - (Emphasis added.) It must be noted, Cyril of Alexandria certainly did not have an antagonistic view on Mary. In fact, Cyril was one of the greatest proponents in the Nestorian Schism for referring to Mary as the previously quoted, "Θεοτόκος," or "Mother of God." Cyril attributed great honor to Mary when writing to monks in Egypt about Nestorius' views: "I am amazed that there are some who are entirely in doubt as to whether the holy Virgin should be called Theotokos or not. For if our Lord Jesus Christ is God, how is the holy Virgin who gave [Him] birth, not [Theotokos]?" (Epistle 1, to the monks of Egypt; PG 77:13B). Nonetheless, based upon one's interpretation of the referenced writings, Cyril seems to be the only other Father to have held a view of Mary that denied her sinlessness. Logan BaxterLogan Baxter Besides Chrysostom and Cyril, not taking into account those who lived earlier than them, we could point to: 1) Theodoret of Cyrus (393 – 458) defending the two natures of Christ, gives an example of on the one hand Mary giving birth to Jesus (thus proving his human nature) and on the other hand him rebuking her (thus showing his divinity as her Master): "If the Word became flesh, therefore, not by changing, but by taking flesh, and if both sets of predicates apply to the Word as incarnate God (for you just said this), the natures were not mingled together, but remained unmixed. If this is our understanding, we shall also see the harmony of the evangelists. For one proclaims the divinity of the one only-begotten one, that is, Christ the Lord, while the other proclaims the humanity. And Christ the Lord himself teaches us this way of understanding. For sometimes he calls himself Son of God, and at other times Son of Man. At one time he honors his mother as the one who bore him, while at another time, as master, he rebukes [her] (greek: και ποτέ μέν ώς γεγεννηκυΐαν την μητέρα τιμά, ποτέ δέ ώς Δεσπότης επιτιμά). On one occasion he approves those who call him son of David, while on another he teaches those who lack knowledge that he is not only David's son, but also David's Lord. He calls both Nazareth and Capernaum his homeland, but he also cries out, "Before Abraham was, I am."You will find divine Scripture filled with many examples like these. And they reveal, not one nature, but two." (Eranistes 2, Migne PG83: 144-145). 2) Presbyter Ammonius of Alexandria (VI c.) likewise pointed out that Mary acted in such a way, that she deserved to be rebuked by her Son: "He [Jesus] chides his mother for having importunely reminded God, who has no need to be reminded of anything. It is as if he had said, 'Do not regard me only as a man but also as God. Not yet has the time of my manifestation come. Not as yet is it known who I am." Greek: Τῇ δὲ μητρὶ ἐπιμέμφεται ὡς ἀκαίρως ὑπομνησάσῃ θεὸν ὑπομνήσεως μὴ δεόμενον, ἀντὶ τοῦ εἰπεῖν μὴ νόμιζέ με μόνον ἄνθρωπον εἶναι, ἀλλὰ καὶ θεόν. οὔπω δὲ ἦλθεν ὁ καιρὸς τῆς ἐμῆς φανερώσεως, οὐδέπω ἐγνωρίσθη τίς εἰμι. (Expositio in Evangelium S. Joannis 57, Johannes-Kommentare aus der griechischen Kirche 211). As to Augustine, whom you mentioned, although he did not speak of her sinning anywhere, he definitely spoke of her being born under sin and her dying as a consequence of being of Adam: "And what could be more undefiled than that womb of the Virgin, whose flesh, even if it derived from the propagation of sin [here Edmund Hill comments: "The doctrine of the Immaculate Conception of Mary had not even begun to be formulated in Augustine's time" (On Genesis, Vol. I/13, The Works of Saint Augustine: A Translation for the 21st Century, New City Press 2002, page 417)] still did not conceive from the propagation of sin? [...] Accordingly the body of Christ was indeed assumed from the flesh of a woman which had been conceived from that propagation of the flesh of sin; but because it was not itself conceived there in the same way as that flesh had been conceived, it was not in its turn the flesh of sin, but the likeness of the flesh of sin (Rom 8:3)." Latin: Et quid incoinquinatius illo utero Virginis, cuius caro etiamsi de peccati propagatione venit, non tamen de peccati propagatione concepit; [...] Proinde corpus Christi quamvis ex carne feminae assumptum est, quae de illa carnis peccati propagatione concepta fuerat, tamen quia non sic in ea conceptum est, quomodo fuerat illa concepta, nec ipsa erat caro peccati, sed similitudo carnis peccati. (Genesi Ad Litteram 10.18.32, Migne PL34: 421-422). "We do not hand Mary over to the devil because of the condition of her birth, but we do not do this precisely because that condition is removed by the grace of rebirth." Latin: Non trascribimus diabolo Mariam conditione nascendi; sed ideo, quia ipsa conditio solvitur gratia renascendi. (Contra Julianum opus imperfectum 4.1.22, Migne PL45: 1418). "Mary, descended from Adam, died because of sin. Adam died because of sin, and the Lord's flesh, derived from Mary, died to abolish sins." Latin: Maria ex Adam mortua propter peccatum, Adam mortuus propter peccatum, et caro Domini ex Maria mortua est propter delenda peccata.(Enarrationes in Psalmos 34 (2), 3, Migne PL36: 335). Similarly, Fulgentius of Ruspe (about 467 – about 532), a faithful interpreter of Augustine also spoke of Mary's sinful flesh (which is compared with Jesus' likeness of sinful flesh): "This is the grace by which it came about that God (who came to take away sins because there is no sin in him) was conceived from sinful flesh and born as man in the likeness of sinful flesh. To be sure, the flesh of Mary had been conceived in iniquity in accordance with human practice, and so her flesh (that gave birth to the Son of God in the likeness of sinful flesh) was indeed sinful. [...] When it is said that truly the likeness of sinful flesh is in the Son of God, or rather that the Son of God is in the likeness of sinful flesh, one must believe that the Only-begotten God did not take the defilement of sin from the mortal flesh of the Virgin, but that he received the full reality of its nature so that the Source of truth might arise from the earth, the Source whom the blessed David announces in a prophetic word, saying: “Truth has sprung out of the earth.” Truly, therefore, Mary conceived God the Word, which she bore in sinful flesh, which God received." Latin: Haec est gratia qua faetum est ut Deus, qui venit peccata tollere, quia peccatum in eo non est, homo conciperetur atque nasceretm in similitudine carnis peccati, de earne peccati. Caro quippe Mariae, quae in iniquitatibus humana fuerat solemnitate concepta, caro fuit utique peccati, quae Filium Dei genuit in simìlitudinem carnis peccati. […] Similitudo vero carnis peccati cum in Dei Filio, vel potius Dei Filius in similitudine carnis peccati cum dicitur, credendum est Unigenitum Deum de Virginis carne mortali non traxisse peccati sordem, sed accepisse naturae integram veritatem, ut veritatis ortus de terra existeret, quem prophetali sermone beatus David insinuat dicens: Veritas de terra orta est. Were igitur Deum Verbum Maria concepit, quod in carne peccati peperit, quam Deus accepit. (Epistula 17.13, Migne PL65: 458). Młody i ReformowanyMłody i Reformowany Thanks for contributing an answer to Christianity Stack Exchange! Not the answer you're looking for? Browse other questions tagged sin virgin-mary church-fathers medieval-church or ask your own question. Did the Church Fathers advocate celibacy? Are there any writings from the church fathers teaching Original Sin before Augustine? What arguments do the Church Fathers make for nocturnal emissions not being a sin? Did any early church fathers, other than Augustine, condemn or write about numerology? Did the ante-Nicene Church fathers write in uncials? Did any of the Church Fathers think the current-day Gospels were not inspired? Why did so many early church fathers say that sex was a consequence of the Fall? Did any Church Fathers believe that angels could still choose to become demons? Church Fathers on the Queenship of Mary Did any medieval Catholics believe in the possibility the repentance was possible immediately after death?	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0125.json.gz/line1022
__label__cc	0.678911	0.321089	A complete offering for HVAC service and maintenance solutions Our full spectrum service and maintenance offering gives total peace of mind for building owners and managers. Organisations both large and small trust us to look after their buildings and HVAC needs, ensuring reliable, efficient, cost-effective buildings that are comfortable to live and work in. We have a choice of service levels, enabling you to tailor the level of cover exactly to your needs and budget. For critical applications (such as data centres, high value process and production, and healthcare facilities), we offer the highest level of support to ensure your buildings and related systems are given priority and kept operating at optimum performance all year round, 24/7. There are varying packages to suit your requirements, whether for a single building or a national estate. All our service technicians are trained to the highest professional standards, with full accreditation in F-Gas handling and all other mandatory requirements. Engineers are equipped with the latest analytical and diagnostic tools, enabling them to pinpoint potential problems before they lead to breakdown and downtime, and optimise performance to reduce running costs and emissions. We have a range of intelligent remote monitoring solutions, providing 24/7 alerts for potential problems. Our expert analysts constantly review any out of condition or alarm statuses, to diagnose issues and prioritise service calls to reduce costs and restore full operation in the shortest possible time. Maintaining your HVAC plant We are specialized in maintaining CIAT HVAC plant and all other brands of equipment you may have on site. This includes air conditioning split systems, VRV/VRF, roof-top units, air handling units (AHUs) and control systems. Preventive maintenance ensures that plant is kept in tip-top condition all-year-round, avoiding unforeseen breakdowns with all the attendant cost and productivity issues. Our maintenance contracts are flexible and designed to meet the requirements of different building types and budgets. Getting the most out of your equipment Optimising building services plant is the key to ensuring high performance, high efficiency buildings. We ensure plant operates intelligently, communicating fluently and seamlessly, and taking account where appropriate of environmental conditions. Our engineers are skilled in assessing and identifying opportunities to optimise performance, delivering savings in running costs, reduced emissions and a more productive environment for building occupants. Legislation relating to buildings, plant performance and safety, is complex and constantly changing. Our expert technicians and engineers are fully trained to ensure compliance with all relevant standards and regulations, giving you complete peace of mind. As the original manufacturer, we supply genuine factory spare parts for CIAT products, guaranteeing you reliable, first-time fix for repairs and restoration to original factory-performance. We also stock and supply original specification consumables, such as lubricants, filters, driers, sterilisation chemicals and so on. Why choose us to repair and maintain your HVAC plant? We are the experts in CIAT and other-brand equipment; Our service technicians are fully trained to the highest industry standards; We ensure complete compliance with all regulatory requirements; We optimise your plant for efficiency and reduced running costs; Our planned maintenance ensures continuity of HVAC performance and avoids unplanned breakdowns; We provide a rapid response in the event of equipment breakdown; Original factory-quality spare parts ensure reliability and performance; We maintain the comfort of building occupants to ensure tenants remain happy and satisfied; We can help devise and deliver a total energy conservation strategy, to reduce your costs and help	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0125.json.gz/line1025
__label__cc	0.568783	0.431217	(Courtesy of Dermveda) Startup of Month: Dermveda With integrative approach, comprehensive skin care website delivers personalized content to users Back Web Only Dec 6, 2017 By Russell Nichols The most common reason people visit their doctor might surprise you. It’s not back problems, high blood pressure or diabetes. According to a 2013 survey by the Mayo Clinic, the No. 1 reason is skin disorders. It shouldn’t be too much of a surprise though, considering that skin disorders afflict 100 million Americans (one-third of the population), according to the American Skin Association. As a result, dermatologists see patients day in and day out who want solutions. Venita Sivamani is not a dermatologist, but she has many friends in the field. She knows patients have to wait a month for an appointment that lasts 15 minutes. She’s heard how they all come in with the same types of questions: What’s the best sunscreen for my children? What’s this mole under my arm? Can I use (fill in the blank) on my face? Problem is, each person’s skin is unique so there is no one-answer-fits-all. Venita Sivamani, CEO and David Novicki, VP of Engineering, share Dermveda at the Startup Grind Summer Party (Courtesy of Dermveda) This is why Sivamani decided to create Dermveda, a Sacramento-based customizable online resource for skin health and wellness. With her background in education and business development skills, she co-founded the startup with her dermatologists friends Hadar Lev-Tov and Sarah Fitzmaurice. Other websites offer information on skin-related issues, but they either focus on data for practitioners or lock research studies behind a members-only paywall, she says. “There’s not enough time for dermatologists to address each of these questions in-depth,” Sivamani says, “and there was no centralized resource they could send to patients.” On the website, which launched in 2016, users start by taking a free quiz to figure out their unique skin type. The results become the basis for their profile, which helps the platform deliver personalized information (and soon recommended products) to the user’s homepage. Right now, about 70,000 users visit the website every month, Sivamani says, adding that she wants to reach 1 million by the end of 2018. Jason Derico, naturopathic doctor and editor at Dermveda gives a lecture at National University of Natural Medicine in Portland (Courtesy of Dermveda) One unique thing about Dermveda is its integrative approach to skincare, drawing research from Western medicine, Ayurveda, Chinese medicine and naturopathy. The goal is to be the Internet’s largest resource for skin that helps people take a holistic look at their body and health, Sivamani says. “Another issue dermatologists were having was people coming in with things that could’ve been prevented,” she says. “They’re going to many different sites and forums, and finding information from sources that might not be credible.” At Dermveda, each new science-backed article can take three months to write and is then peer-reviewed by leading skin care experts, Sivamani says. More than 120 authors contribute to the website, ranging from makeup artists to physicians and alternative medical practitioners. Before being published, all content is reviewed and edited by Dermveda’s core team of 12, which consists of editors and the advisory board, including Lev-Tov. Hadar Lev-Tov, Dermatologist/Co-Founder of Dermveda with Venita Sivamani, CEO/Co-Founder of Dermveda (Courtesy of Dermveda) As a dermatologist in the University of Miami Health System, Lev-Tov immediately saw Dermveda’s potential because he says most of the literature on alternative skin health was either complicated, poorly studied or nonexistent. When patients would ask him about specific alternative solutions, he struggled to find sufficient evidence. “Tea tree oil sounds OK,” he recalls telling one patient, “but I don’t know if it’s good for your acne.” Another patient wanted to know about aloe vera as a topical solution. This popular plant has been used for medicinal purposes for thousands of years. But Lev-Tov’s best evidence didn’t come from any books or studies, but from his grandmother, who had a plant in her apartment and used the gel on cuts. Dermveda’s advisory board has authored more than 2,000 publications throughout their careers, and many members have started or lead dermatology societies. It was this treasure trove of expertise that Cheryl Beninga identified as the key element for Dermveda to stand out. Related: Catching a Wave Beninga is an adviser for FourthWave, a business accelerator in Los Angeles and Sacramento that focuses on women-led technology companies. The program connects entrepreneurs to relevant mentors, who help them find and fill gaps to grow and be ready for investment funding. With her background investing in consumer internet companies, Beninga quickly pinpointed Sivamani’s issue: Like many startups, Dermveda was trying to do too much. As Beninga researched the market, she found the online continuing education segment for doctors and skin practitioners was wide open. “Nobody was focused on online education in the dermatology space,” Beninga says. “This is a $2.5 billion business, and she had the leading dermatologists in the country as sources of educational content.” The decision was made to focus on education as the business model. Once those gaps were closed, the team could move forward with partnerships. Dermveda bootstrapped for its early years and plans to begin its first round of funding in the next few months. In October 2018, Dermveda will host the World’s First Integrative Skin Care Symposium, bringing experts from multiple medical backgrounds under one roof at the Sheraton Grand Hotel Sacramento. “We created this company because people want this information,” Sivamani says. “We see integrative medicine as the future.” Do you know an entrepreneur who has what it takes? Recommend their company for our “Startup of the Month” here. Pam Lapinski (not verified) – December 7, 2017 - 8:23am It’s exciting that Sacramento residents are launching innovative companies to provide solutions to problems like this Please type the numbers into the box below: * 27859032 »	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0125.json.gz/line1045
__label__cc	0.603758	0.396242	Beerus and Whis Discovered in Dragon Ball Z: Kakarot Files, Hinting at Potential DLC Shazam! Star Zachary Levi Reveals Film Helped Him Overcome Suicidal Thoughts and Depression That Shazam! takes place over Christmas and the season of giving is behind means it’s all the more apropos Zachary Levi considers the role of The Big Red Cheese a real gift. And it had a bigger impact on his life than anyone knew. Levi poured his heart out on Instagram, revealing at the time he moved to Toronto to film Shazam! the actor was dealing with depression, self-imposed feelings of failure, and also suicidal ideation. Related: Ezra Miller’s The Flash and Zachary Levi’s Shazam! 2 Reportedly Get Release Dates Sharing art by Jim Lee in a lengthy and emotional post, Levi talked about his uncertainty when it came to life and expectations he placed on himself: “Two years ago today I was moving to Toronto, for the 4th time 3 years, to begin working on [Shazam!], one of the single greatest gifts I’ve ever been handed. Ironically, just 4 months prior, I wasn’t even sure if I wanted to live anymore. My goals, and visions, and hopes, and dreams, and therefore expectations for myself, have always been a lot.” This last year has been fascinating. The last few, actually. Two years ago today I was moving to Toronto, for the 4th time 3 years, to begin working on @shazammovie, one of the single greatest gifts I’ve ever been handed. Ironically, just 4 months prior, I wasn’t even sure if I wanted to live anymore. My goals, and visions, and hopes, and dreams, and therefore expectations for myself, have always been a lot. So much so that when I surveyed my life a few years back, I genuinely felt like I was failing it. Failing myself. Failing my family. Failing the world. I didn’t feel worthy of the love that was around me. I didn’t feel worthy of any of the things I had achieved up to that point. And, when presented with an opportunity to audition for Shazam! the first time, I turned down the opportunity as I ultimately didn’t feel worthy of such a role. Then came therapy. Then came the beginning of finally loving myself. And THEN came the miracle that was me stepping into this life changing role. I will no doubt be on the journey of self love for the rest of life, and I’m so grateful for the lessons and strength found thru the darkness. But I will also be forever indebted to @ponysmasher, Peter Safran, @rbpix, and everyone at @newlinecinema and @wbpictures and @dccomics, for believing I was worthy of wearing this cape, even while I was still learning to believe that myself. 🙏 . (Thank you, @jimlee, for this incredible artwork. You’ve always been one of my favorite comic artists. And now you’re my friend. 🤯🙌) A post shared by Zachary Levi (@zacharylevi) on Dec 29, 2019 at 4:38pm PST He continued, writing how badly he thought he was failing everything – down to life itself – and felt unworthy of his achievements. “So much so that when I surveyed my life a few years back, I genuinely felt like I was failing it. Failing myself. Failing my family. Failing the world. I didn’t feel worthy of the love that was around me. I didn’t feel worthy of any of the things I had achieved up to that point.” Related – Black Adam: Updates on Director and When He Might Clash with Shazam When offered an initial audition, Levi turned it down because he “didn’t feel worthy” of that either until he sought help. That’s when his mood began to turn around: “Then came the beginning of finally loving myself. And THEN came the miracle that was me stepping into this life changing role. I will no doubt be on the journey of self love for the rest of life, and I’m so grateful for the lessons and strength found thru the darkness.” He said he’s “forever indebted to” producers Peter Safran and Richard Brener, studios New Line Cinema and Warner Bros., and DC for believing in him. In closing, Levi thanked Jim Lee who’s one of his favorite artists and now someone he calls a friend: “Thank you, [Jim Lee], for this incredible artwork. You’ve always been one of my favorite comic artists. And now you’re my friend.” Related: Zachary Levi Provides Update on When Shazam! 2 Should Start Filming Before the lead in Shazam!, Levi had a supporting role in Thor: The Dark World and Thor: Ragnarok as Fandral of The Warriors Three. He was unceremoniously and swiftly killed off in Ragnarok which dashed any hopes of developing the character or the group. Levi reflected on that last year: “When I got cast as Fandral in ‘Thor: The Dark World’, though I wasn’t able to do it, I knew that the Warriors Three could be really fun characters if they ever developed them. They just didn’t. They didn’t.” He added how happy playing Shazam made him: “If Fandral didn’t die, I might still be under contract with Marvel and I never would have been able to get this job. And I say f— that! This is the coolest thing ever. I’m so happy.” Related: Shazam! Star Zachary Levi Explains Why He’s Happy to Leave the Marvel Cinematic Universe Now we know there was more to that story beneath the surface. Levi links to a donation page for Active Minds, a nonprofit raising awareness about mental health, on his Instagram profile. Zachary Levi will be back for Shazam! 2 in 2022 but his nemesis Black Adam has his movie slated first in Dec. 2021. DCDC Extended UniverseJim LeeMental HealthNew Line CinemaPeter SafranShazamWarner Bros.Zachary Levi	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0125.json.gz/line1046
__label__wiki	0.612419	0.612419	Tag: Don DiPetta Malibu Dan the Family Man, Season 1 (Series Review) What DARW does best Malibu Dan and Holidae Sinclair run the southern California early morning show Good Morning Malibu. Dan is always getting himself into comedic scrapes, while Holi is always looking for a better media offer. They work with a goofy but likeable crew, but most of all, Dan considers himself to be a devout family man. What else could go wrong in Tommy Blaze’s latest zany comedic endeavors? Much like Hitting the Breaks, Malibu Dan the Family Man is a sitcom with an average production, which means it comes with that annoying laugh track again. There are also other sound effects used now, however. Another annoying aspect of the sitcom genre is the use of ridiculously fake backgrounds and cheaply limited sets, as well as a total lack of actual locations. Props are fine, however, as are other standard production elements, such as camera work and video quality, which keep this production from being totally worthless. However, the editing also suffers from lack of creativity as it is quite choppy. In the end, however, these few production positives are the only ones that exist in this unnecessary series. If Tommy Blaze and company were so desperate to make another sitcom, why not just make another season of Hitting the Breaks? Malibu Dan is really no different—just some rearranged characters and different cast members. Who would have noticed if some cast members changed for a new season of Breaks? As it is, Malibu Dan includes the same old tired and ridiculous messages Blaze and David A. R. White have been hanging out to dry for years, such as an absurdly stark gender divide, their patronizing view of Generation Y, and the endless pursuit of media fame and stardom. As usual, David A. R. White is the bemused husband\father who gets himself into a comedic venture that solves itself in twenty minutes or less. Everything is the same, and there is nothing new in PureFlix. With the same old egotistical PureFlix cast members—the Whites, Brad Heller, Kevin Downes, Gregg Binkley—Malibu Dan throws in a few more, such as comedy staple Victoria Jackson and Erik Estrada with a few more plastic surgeries since the last time we saw him. Regardless of the changes, the zaniness and the over-the-top non-subtlety is still present and still makes for an eye-rolling experience as the leadership of Blaze continues to push ‘Christian’ comedy to the limits of absurdity. The other cast members are swept along in the wave of nonsense and must wonder how they got stuck with this crew. Sitcoms are not made for continuity. There are no story arcs or character arcs as each episode exists within its own twenty-minute bubble in which all conflicts introduced are promptly and easily solved in time to tack a trite Christian antidote onto the end. Thus, no points can be awarded here. As long as the PureFlix faithful continue to garner funding for these frivolous projects, they will keep making them to satisfy their longings to parade themselves around like idiots in the name of Christian entertainment, ever in the pursuit of fame and stardom, just like the characters they portray. They are as shallow as the comedy they create, but as un-ignorable as David A. R. White’s bombastic displays of idiocy. They project themselves as the leaders in Christian film and the saviors in a dark world of Christian persecution, but if this is all we have to lead us, it’s no wonder so many people scoff at Christian media. January 15, 2018 January 19, 2019 by Box Office Revolutionary Categories: Comedy, Series Reviews, SitcomTags: 2018, Andrea Logan White, Anton Fair, Antonio Sabato Jr., Aria Walters, Brad Heller, Clint Howard, Comedy, David A. R. White, David de Vos, David Pires, Don DiPetta, Erik Estrada, Francisco Ovalle, Gregg Binkley, John O'Hurley, Jon Kondelik, Kelly Stables, Kerry Lynne McHugh, Kevin Downes, Laura Reilly, Lauren Harper, Mark Christopher Lawrence, Matt Shapira, Pat McNeely, Philip Morton, PureFlix, Robin Givens, Robin Miller, Sarah Malberg, Shari Rigby, Shelley Robertson, Sitcom, Tim Pipher, Tommy Blaze, Victoria Jackson 5 Comments	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0125.json.gz/line1048
__label__cc	0.56507	0.43493	Book Review: An Amish Reunion by Amy Clipston, Beth Wiseman, Kathleen Fuller, and Kelly Irvin Posted 11 April, 2019 by Molly(Cover To Cover Cafe) in 2019 Reads, Book Reviews / 0 Comments Title: An Amish Reunion Author: Amy Clipston, Beth Wiseman, Kathleen Fuller, Kelly Irvin Published by Zondervan Date Published: 9 April, 2019 Genres: Christian Fiction, Amish, Romance Format: eBook ARC Source: NetGalley, Zondervan Purchase: Amazon~ B&N~Book Depository~Kobo~CBD From bestselling authors in the Amish genre come four stories about reuniting with those you love. Their True Home by Amy Clipston When Marlene Bawell moved from Bird-in-Hand ten years ago, she was in the deepest of mourning for her mother. Now her family has moved back so her father can seek employment after being laid off. To help save money, Marlene works at the hardware store owned by Rudy Swarey’s father. She knew Rudy growing up and had a secret crush on him, though he never seemed to notice her. But just as a friendship between them begins to blossom, her life is once again turned upside down. Will Marlene ever have a chance to find her own true home? A Reunion of Hearts by Beth Wiseman Ruth and Gideon Beiler experienced one of life’s most tragic events. Unable to get past their grief, the couple abandoned their Amish faith and went in different directions, though neither could bear to formally dissolve the marriage. When their loved ones reach out to them to come home for a family reunion, Ruth has reason to believe that Gideon won’t be there. Gideon also thinks that Ruth has declined the invitation. Family and friends are rooting for them to reunite, but will it all be enough for Ruth and Gideon to get past their grief and recapture a time when they were in love and had a bright future ahead of them? A Chance to Remember by Kathleen Fuller Cevilla Schlabach, Birch Creek’s resident octogenarian matchmaker, is surprised when Richard, a man from her Englisch past, arrives in Birch Creek for a visit. While he and Cevilla take several walks down memory lane, they wonder what the future holds for them at this stage of life—friendship, or the possibility of something else? Mended Hearts by Kelly Irvin At eighteen Hannah Kauffman made a terrible mistake. Her parents and members of her Jamesport Amish community say they’ve forgiven her. But she feels their eyes following her everywhere she goes with eighteen-month-old Evie. Thaddeus, Evie’s father, escaped this fate by running away from Jamesport. Now that Thaddeus is gone, Hannah’s old friend Phillip is stepping up to be by her side. He has waited patiently for Hannah to realize just how much he cares for her. But when Thaddeus returns after two years, Hannah can’t deny the love she feels for him. Does the fact that Phillip has waited patiently for her all this time mean that she owes him something? Can she trust either one of them? Can she trust herself? She has repented and been forgiven by the One who is most important—her heavenly Father. But is she willing to risk making more mistakes by opening herself up to love? I received a complimentary copy of this book from NetGalley, Zondervan and was under no obligation to post a review, positive or negative. I love reading novellas, specifically Amish novellas. They are short, quick reads full of life, love, beautiful characters and inspirational messages. Each author creates a story that is different, yet within the collections they blend beautifully. I loved all four of these novellas but my favorite was Amy Clipston’s Their True Home. I love Clipston’s writing style and how she instantly hooks you into the story. Her characters are flawed, yet perfect. Her messages flow magnificently within the story and by the time you realize you’re at the end of the story, you want more. In Their True Home, Marlene returns home, and reconnects with old friends, especially Rudy. But, it’s not easy, and God truly is felt through this story of renewal, faith, and hope. Clipston had me hooked from page one, and I felt myself being transported to Bird-In-Hand, working along side Rudy and Marlene, feeling the emotional roller coaster they went through. The connection between Rudy and Marlene is powerful, and I loved watching them find their true place in life! If you love the simplicity of the Amish life, the way they love with all they have and the way they believe in hope and forgiveness, then order this book now. It’s filled with tender characters, hope filled messages and beautiful writing styles. Definitely 4 star worthy! About Amy Clipston Amy Clipston has been writing for as long as she can remember. Her fiction writing “career” began in elementary school when she and a close friend wrote and shared silly stories. She has a degree in communications from Virginia Wesleyan College and is a member of the Authors Guild, American Christian Fiction Writers, and Romance Writers of America. She is the author of the bestselling Kauffman Amish Bakery series and Hearts of the Lancaster Grand Hotel series with HarperCollins Christian Publishing. Amy works full-time for the City of Charlotte, NC, and lives in North Carolina with her husband, two sons, mother, and four spoiled rotten cats. Website \| Facebook \| Goodreads \| Instagram \| Pinterest About Beth Wiseman Beth Wiseman is the best-selling author of the Daughters of the Promise series and the Land of Canaan series. Having sold over 1.5 million books, her novels have held spots on the ECPA (Evangelical Christian Publishers Association) Bestseller List and the CBA (Christian Book Association) Bestseller List. She was the recipient of the prestigious Carol Award in 2011 and 2013. She is a three-time winner of the Inspirational Readers Choice Award, and an INSPY Award winner. In 2013 she took home the coveted Holt Medallion. Her first book in the Land of Canaan series—Seek Me With All Your Heart—was selected as the 2011 Women of Faith Book of the Year. Beth is contracted with HarperCollins Christian Publishing into the year 2018, and she has published thirteen novels and thirteen novellas to date. As a former newspaper reporter, Beth was honored by her peers with eleven journalism awards, including first place news writing for The Texas Press Association. She has been a humor columnist for The 1960 Sun in Houston and published articles in various publications. However, writing novels is where her heart is. She left her job as a journalist in 2008 to write novels fulltime. Beth has a deep affection for the Amish and their simpler way of life, and while she plans to continue writing Amish love stories, she is also branching out into other areas. Her first non-Amish, contemporary—Need You Now—released in April 2012 and landed on the CBA Bestseller List. She enjoyed writing the story based in a town near where she lives, and she chose another small Texas town for her next non-Amish contemporary—The House that Love Built—which is based in Smithville, the same quaint town where movies such as Hope Floats and Tree of Life were filmed. Beth continued to spread her wings when she released The Promise in October 2014. Inspired by actual events, The Promise follows Beth’s characters all the way to Pakistan. Beth was involved in the real-life rescue when her friend was held captive in Pakistan. Beth is currently working on book #2 in her new Amish Secrets series. Book #1—Her Brother’s Keeper—recently released and was chosen as a Top Pick by RT Reviews Magazine. Beth and her husband are empty nesters enjoying the country life in Texas with three dogs and a rooster. When she’s not writing, she loves to travel, paint, and enjoy time with friends and family. Website \| Twitter \| Facebook \| Goodreads \| Amazon \| Pinterest About Kathleen Fuller Best-selling author of Amish fiction. Also a wife, mother, crafter, coffee addict, football fan, and chocolate aficionado. Website \| Twitter \| Facebook \| Goodreads \| Amazon \| Instagram \| Pinterest About Kelly Irvin Kelly Irvin is the author of more than a dozen Amish books. Her latest release is The Saddle Maker’s Son, the third novel in the Amish of Bee County series from Zondervan/HarperCollins, released in June 2016. It follows The Bishop’s Son and The Beekeeper’s Son, which received a starred review from Publisher’s Weekly, calling it “a delicately woven masterpiece.” The Beekeeper’s Son is a finalist in the national ACFW Carol Awards Contest in the romance category. She is also the author of the Bliss Creek Amish series and the New Hope Amish series, both from Harvest Housing. She has also penned two romantic suspense novels, A Deadly Wilderness and No Child of Mine. Among her other works are novellas in two collections, including An Amish Christmas Gift and An Amish Market. She is currently working on a four-book series, for Zondervan/HarperCollins entitled Every Amish series. The first book, Upon A Spring Breeze, will release in Spring 2017. Her novella, One Sweet Kiss, will be included in a novella collection, An Amish Summer, also slated for release in 2017. An as yet unnamed novella will also appear in a second collection entitled An Amish Christmas. Kelly’s novel, Love Redeemed, was a 2015 finalist in the American Christian Fiction Writers (ACFW) Carol Awards contest. The Kansas native is a graduate of the University of Kansas School of Journalism. She has been writing nonfiction professionally for more than thirty years, including ten years as a newspaper reporter. She recently retired after working 22 years in public relations for the City of San Antonio Parks and Recreation Department. She is a member of American Christian Fiction Writers (ACFW) and Alamo City Christian Fiction Writers. Kelly is married to photographer Tim Irvin. They make their home in San Antonio, Texas. They have two young adult children, two grandchildren, and two ornery cats. In her spare time, she likes to write short stories and read books by her favorite authors, especially mysteries and romantic suspense novels. Website \| Blog \| Twitter \| Facebook \| Pinterest Tags: 2019 Reads, Molly	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0125.json.gz/line1057
__label__cc	0.73069	0.26931	My balls – the metaphorical ones I’m not sure whether this post is for you lovely lot, or simply for me so that I don’t lose track of all the balls that I have in the air. Yes, yes, snigger away, you’ll lose track of your balls when you’re older too. Ball One is the ongoing medieval saga,1322, which is now outlined to my satisfaction. I have a coherent overarcing plot structure, which you can see in the pic there (blurred so as to avoid spoilers for any future readers). I’m still diving into the 14th Century for research, and will continue to tell you from time to time about life back then. I’ll probably get stuck into the first chapter of proper writing today or tomorrow, depending on how long it takes me to clean the bathroom. Ball Two, Cubic Scats (an anthology of five years worth of blog posts), is simmering. (A simmering ball? Meh, why not?) Formatting the photographs is tedious in the extreme, and I’m carefully checking everything for possible copyright or permissions problems. I can’t decide whether to rewrite some of my very early and very badly-written efforts at blogging, or whether to leave them as they were as examples of my crapness. Ball Three is a long-term collaboration with one of my favourite authors. More about that when the time comes. Over and above these things are, of course, the various blogs themselves. I have a number of pun-shops waiting to be added to Woof & Ready, many new photographs for Wombat’s World, and the delicious subject of bone churches to explore for Asphodel Meadows. Further, Wombatpics fans have been asking for that to start up again soon, too. Oh, and I’m halfway through reading a draft copy of another author’s new novel to provide, I hope, some useful insights and constructive criticisms. Busy busy busy. But first, that bathroom. Where’s me Marigolds? Posted in Writings Edward Raby, drunken artist Mrs. Wombat’s Great Great Great Grandfather, Edward Raby. was born in 1810 in Staffordshire. He joined the Poultney pottery in 1845, and became celebrated for his work modelling flowers in parian on earthenware. My favourite piece of his is the small group consisting of a beehive beneath a may bush in full bloom. Bees scurry on the hive, a little flight of steps with hand rails leading towards it. On the left you can see a nest of young birds, almost on the ground, with just above the head of a snake about to devour them. The mother bird, in the foliage above the hive, ruffles her feathers in anger and despair. When you consider that each feather of this bird was made and adjusted individually; that the bodies and wings and legs of the bees were all separately made and placed together while the clay was still wet; that each little stem of may bloom was made by rolling the clay round a piece of fine cotton, the bloom then being attached to the end of the cotton leaf by leaf, and the stamens added afterwards, you will realise the immense patience and devotion to his art shown by Edward. He was not always reliable after being paid, however. His wages were high at a pound a day, but often he went absent for a week or more on drinking binges. After one too many of these lapses the owner, J.D. Pountney, sacked him. He was not seen for some time, until one day he appeared at Pountney’s house in Richmond Hill when the owner himself was away on business. His wife, Charlotte, spoke to Edward, and he revealed the exquisite piece of work photographed above, telling her that he had done it during his “holiday”, and had got the men at the works to fire it for him without the master’s knowledge. He offered it to the “young missus” on condition she persuaded the “old master” to take him on again. Amused by both his impudence and his talent she soon induced the “old master” to comply. Edward remained with Pountney’s for many years, working always to a supremely high quality. At one time Charlotte Pountney exhibited the beehive piece and was offered sixty pounds for it by William Gladstone, which she declined. She defended Edward, saying that his lapses were few and far between. In his book “Old Bristol Potteries” her son, W. J. Pountney, described Edward as “a very kindly old man, for he seemed old to me at the time, and he used to try to teach my youngest sister and me how to model those little leaves of his. The only thing that I was able to accomplish was rolling the clay round a bit of cotton, but my sister was more successful and she could manage to model small leaves”. Specimens of Edward’s flower plaques were placed in recesses beneath the High Cross in College Green in 1847, and when the cross was removed over a hundred years later, one was found still intact. It came into the hands of artist Emma Clegg’s mother. Emma’s sculpture is inspired by Edward’s work, and on her website she describes the find: “It’s a tiny wreath of peonies, which are no more than 1cm across. The accuracy and precision that he achieved in clay is just breath-taking. It was buried under a cross in Bristol for over one hundred years, and when the cross had to be removed, the piece was, miraculously, still perfectly intact. I’m in awe of the skill and patience that he must have had. Such skill… He described himself in the 1861 census return (which is where I first met him) as a “Flower Maker”. He certainly was that, and so much more. Edward Raby left the pottery in 1864, he finally died in his home town of Hanley in 1867. Posted in Art, Beehive, History, Pottery Bye bye, Tweetdeck 0.38–a Twitter Client review With Twitter changing their API, the lovely old version of Tweetdeck (0.38 from just before Twitter took over and ruined it) will stop working shortly. This will mean finally letting go of the splendid old Tweetdeck Groups, and finally embracing Lists. I’ll also need a new desktop app to replace 0.38. The most important feature for me (as most of you will guess) is the ability to use multiple accounts. I looked at five contenders. Here are my opinions. Click the pics to see larger versions. Metrotwit First off, there’s no multiple account support unless you pay for the Pro version. This costs 14.95 Aussie dollars (about ten quid), so I knocked off half a Wombat Point for that. Pro also removes the ads that they fling in here and there. (you can choose which column ads are displayed in). Metrotwit needs MS .NET Framework 4.5. There’s no FaceBook access, but that’s not vital. It has a nice clean interface, which I like a lot and is reasonably customisable. Lists can be edited from within the app, and you can display a column of your Favourite tweets, something that some other apps don’t do. I like the huge character countdown when you tweet. Metrotwit has the capability to use Twitlonger for updates of more than 140 characters, but please don’t do that. Metrotwit gets a Wombat Rating of 7.5. The installation looked a bit strange, with an odd font, perhaps a result of its Japanese origins. There are no ads, and multiple account handling straight out of the virtual box. It looks more cluttered and not as elegant as Metrotwit but you get used to that. Janetter automatically shows any tweet that a tweet is in reply to, which can clutter up the screen further. It would be nice to be able to turn this off, but I couldn’t find a way. If you want to see the whole conversation, that is shown inline too. There’s no option to alter the font size, and no FB access. I like the ‘Friend badge’ which subtly indicates which people follow you back. You can’t edit Lists in app, but there is the nice touch of being able to keep private notes on each user. I also like being able to show JUST Twitter ids without real names, if you want. You can even add your own background images. Wombat Rating 8. Sobees With this app you can access FB, Twitter AND Linkedin – each service (account) has it’s own area of the screen, with tabs to switch between Mentions, DMs etc, You can therefore only see one aspect of each account at a time, a big drawback for me. Font size can be shanged, You can also disable sponsored content. As you can see, it had problems logging onto my FB. Wombat Rating 5. Hootsuite’s website put me off with its business-speak and obvious pitch for a corporate market. This one allows you to access any social network you can think of. The free version allows you 5 social profiles – not enough for me. To add more costs ten dollars EVERY MONTH. At least Metrotwit only charges the one time. You get insights and analytics way more than I’d ever need. Hugely over-complicated for my own personal use, and the appearance of the horrible word “WEBINARS” on the website meant I didn’t even download it, as you’ll see from the pic that I nicked from elsewhere. Hootsuite may well be brilliant for organisations, and even for those who need fewer than five accounts, but not for me. Wombat Rating no rating, cos I didn’t try it out. And finally, my old favourite updated, only this time without Group support. The download is an MSI which, when first run on my system, did nothing but put a (v0.38) icon on the desktop. Then it asked me to repair Tweetdeck. Then it finally installed the new version. Good things – you can schedule tweets, and, erm, that’s about it. It’s not very adjustable (for example, you can’t configure where pop-up notifications appear). It is quite clunky looking (eg the horribly-coloured red @ above each avatar pic. It does handle multiple accounts, but you have to have a Tweetdeck account to do that. Actual tweeting is in a separate pop-up Window, which is a pain, and why can’t I use enter to send a tweet? Viewing conversations is AWFUL. Disappointing. Wombat Rating 2. In conclusion, the two I liked the best and almost as well as each other were MetroTwit and Janetter. What tips the scales for me is that the version of MetroTwit I’d need would cost me a tenner, whereas Janetter is free. Wombie therefore chooses Janetter. Mind you, I’ll carry on using Tweetdeck 0.38 until it dies completely, probably at the beginning of May according to Tweetdeck themselves. Posted in Twitter, Twitter desktop apps Buy this for it is SPIFFING Music from my good friend @RachaelKanute – give it a try; you’ll love it.	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0125.json.gz/line1067
__label__wiki	0.590818	0.590818	Public Sex/Gay Space Edited by William L. Leap Pub Date: December 1998 Male homosexual activity in public and semipublic locations is a central but seldom explored dimension of gay culture around the world. The majority of existing research emphasizes the impersonality of such erotic interaction and underscores the element of danger involved. While never denying the danger of anonymous public sex in the age of AIDS, the contributors to Public Sex/Gay Space go beyond narrow moralisms about the need to regulate unsafe sexual practices to discuss the significance of sex in public. William Leap has brought together contributions from such fields as anthropology, sociology, literary criticism, and history to reinvigorate the discussion on this issue, with twelve essays providing a more nuanced portrait of why public sexual activity is such an integral part of gay culture. The authors present rich ethnographic snapshots of male sex in public places--many drawn from interviews with participants or, in some instances, the authors' personal experiences.Contributors investigate a broad cultural spectrum of gay sexual space and activity: in a public park in contemporary Hanoi, at the beachfront community of New York's Fire Island, and in nineteenth-century Amsterdam, for example. They explore issues such as visibility and secrecy, as well as economic status and social class, and interrogate the historical trajectories through which certain locations come to be favored sites for sexual encounters. Together, they offer insight into the ways in which public sex calls into question the very line that divides "public" from "private." Introduction, by William L. Leap 1. Reclaiming the Importance of Laud Humphreys's "Tearoom Trade: Impersonal Sex in Public Places", by Peter M. Nardi 2. Tearoom Trade: Impersonal Sex in Public Places, by Laud Humphreys 3. A Highway Rest Area as a Socially Reproducible Site, by John Hollister 4. Speaking to the Gay Bathhouse: Communicating in Sexually Charged Spaces, by Ira Tattelman 5. Beauty and the Beach: Representing Fire Island, by David Bergman 6. Sex in "Private" Places: Gender Erotics, and Detachment in Two Urban Locales, by William L. Leap 7. Ethnographic Observations of Men Who Have Sex with Men in Public, by Michael C. Clatts 8. Self Size and Observable Sex, by Stephen O. Murray 9. Baths, Bushes, and Belonging: Public Sex and Gay Community in Pre-Stonewall Montreal, by Ross Higgins 10. Homo Sex in Hanoi? Sex the Public Sphere, and Public Sex, by Jacob Aronson 11. Private Acts Public Space: Defining the Boundaries in Nineteenth-Century Holland, by Theo van der Meer 12. "Living Well Is the Best Revenge": Outing Privacy, and Psychoanalysis, by Christopher Lane William L. Leap is professor of anthropology at The American University. He is the author of books including American Indian English and Word Is Out: Gay Men's English, and the editor of such works as Beyond the Lavender Lexicon: Authenticity, Representation, and Imagination in Lesbian and Gay Discourse. LGBTQIA Studies Gender and Sexuality Studies Social Work: LGBTQIA Between Men-Between Women: Lesbian and Gay Studies	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0125.json.gz/line1068
__label__cc	0.629809	0.370191	Difference between Bison and Buffalo Meat By: Editorial Staff \| Updated: Nov-19, 2017 The first American settlers named the American bison a buffalo thinking it was identical to the buffaloes they encountered in Africa and Asia. The misnomer remains uncorrected to this day despite the fact that these are two completely different animals. Their meats are often used interchangeably, particularly in restaurants and supermarkets. 1 Summary Table 2 Descriptions 3 Bison vs Buffalo Meat Bison Meat Buffalo Meat Comes from the American bison Comes from the water buffaloes of Asia and Africa Meat darker than beef with yellow to milky-white fat Meat darker than beef with white fat 100 grams (lean only) contains 109 calories, 1.84 grams fat and 21.62 grams of protein 100 grams has 99 calories, 1.4 grams of fat and 20.4 grams of protein The American bison Bison meat is considered healthier than cattle meat because it has less fat and calorie content. Regardless, it has a fuller and sweeter taste compared to other meats. It has been found that bison meat is 91% fat-free. The bison is also rich in protein and low in cholesterol. The National Bison Association claims that 3.5 ounces of cooked bison meat contains 143 calories and just 2.5 grams of fat. Bison meat is also said to be a healthy source of omega-3 fatty acids. Bison meat is lean and thus it cooks quickly and becomes tough when overcooked. This is why chefs usually recommend cooking bison steaks medium-done. Moisture can be kept in by searing the meat with a small amount of vegetable oil on high heat and then letting it cook slowly on low heat. A water buffalo Buffalo meat is from a large bovid called a water buffalo. It is an animal raised for its meat and milk in places like Nepal, India, Bangladesh, Pakistan, Russia, Italy, Czechoslovakia, Bulgaria, and Egypt. Buffalo meat is also known as carabeef in Thailand, the Philippines, and other Southeast Asian countries. Meat from buffaloes less than 20 months old is called padwa in Pakistan and India, or pado in Nepal. Buffalo calves are fed only milk with the sole purpose of making their meat taste better for consumers. Their meat gets mistaken for beef (sometimes on purpose) in some places. Buffalo meat is dark colored with milky-white colored fat. Buffalo meat tastes similar to beef, but is claimed to be a healthier alternative. It has lower fat and cholesterol than beef. In addition, water buffalo meat is known to contain high levels of the omega-3 fatty acids usually found in plant and marine oils. Bison vs Buffalo Meat So what’s the difference between bison and buffalo meat? A buffalo refers to the water buffalo found in many countries such as Nepal, India, Philippines, Bangladesh, Italy, and Russia. The word “bison” refers to the American bison (mistakenly called a buffalo) found in North America. Studies suggest that buffalo meat is very low in fat and has the lowest cholesterol of all domesticated meat. In fact, 100 grams of uncooked buffalo meat has 99 calories, 1.4 grams of fat and 20.4 grams of protein. A 100-gram serving of bison meat (lean only) contains 109 calories, 1.84 grams fat and 21.62 grams of protein. Water buffalo meat and bison meat have a dark color. Buffalo meat has white fat, while bison meat has yellow to milky-white colored fat. Current rating: 10 / 10 , 10 votes What was wrong? The facts are wrong Want more images Article is outdated Too short - want more details Too long - want a short answer Difference between Brisket and Pot Roast Difference between Rump Roast and Chuck Roast Difference between Ground Beef and Ground Chuck Sign up for our newsletter to get comparisons delivered to your inbox. Difference between Red Beans and Kidney Beans Difference between a Power of Attorney and a Guardianship Difference between Graphite Shafts and Steel Shafts Difference between a Casket and a Coffin Difference.guru	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0125.json.gz/line1072
__label__wiki	0.994731	0.994731	Aithisgean ùra Aithisgean Chomataidh Brathan-ullachaidh Rannsachadh Ais-eòlas Recent Reports Aithisgean ùra Committee Reports Aithisgean Chomataidh Research Briefings Brathan-ullachaidh Rannsachadh Feedback Ais-eòlas Published by The Scottish Parliamentary Corporate Body Developing the Scottish Parliament's scrutiny role after Brexit Author: Iain McIver and Sarah Atherton PDF Published: Thursday 18 Apr 2019 (SB 19-22) Legislation in devolved areas that were previously EU competences Protocol on obtaining Scottish Parliament approval to UK Ministers acting in devolved areas Other Brexit powers UK primary legislation in devolved areas International agreements which would previously have been negotiated by the EU Negotiating modern international trade agreements The UK Government's proposed approach to international trade after Brexit The Scottish Government's proposals for international trade negotiations after Brexit Common UK frameworks post-Brexit Work to date on common frameworks What form may common frameworks take? Scrutiny of common frameworks Issues to consider on common frameworks UK Government. (n.d.) Guidance: Devolution settlement: Scotland. Retrieved from https://www.gov.uk/guidance/devolution-settlement-scotland [accessed 10 April 2019] UK Parliament. (2017, July 13). European Union (Withdrawal) Bill Memorandum concerning the Delegated Powers in the Bill for the Delegated Powers and Regulatory Reform Committee. Retrieved from https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/bills/cbill/2017-2019/0005/delegated%20powers%20memorandum%20for%20European%20Union%20(Withdrawal)%20Bill.pdf [accessed 9 April 2019] Scottish Parliament Finance and Constitution Committee. (2018, May 10). Report on European Union (Withdrawal) Bill Supplementary LCM. Retrieved from https://sp-bpr-en-prod-cdnep.azureedge.net/published/FCC/2018/5/10/Report-on-European-Union--Withdrawal--Bill-Supplementary-LCM-1/FCCS052018R6Rev.pdf [accessed 5 April 2019] UK Parliament. (2019, January 21). State Aid (EU Exit) Regulations 2019. Retrieved from https://beta.parliament.uk/statutory-instruments/ko2k2zfJ [accessed 17 April 2019] Scottish Parliament Delegated Powers and Law Reform Committee. (2018, October 2). Legislative Consent Memorandum for the Trade Bill. Retrieved from https://sp-bpr-en-prod-cdnep.azureedge.net/published/DPLR/2018/10/2/Legislative-Consent-Memorandum-for-the-Trade-Bill/DPLRS052018R41.pdf [accessed 10 April 2019] Scottish Government. (2018, July 10). Letter from Liam Fox to Derek Mackay. Retrieved from https://www.parliament.scot/S5_Finance/General%20Documents/Letter_from_Liam_Fox_to_Derek_Mackay_10_July_2018.pdf [accessed 17 April 2019] Scottish Parliament. (, December 2018). Legislative Consent Memorandum Fisheries Bill. Retrieved from http://www.parliament.scot/S5ChamberOffice/SPLCM-S05-22.pdf [accessed 10 April 2019] Scottish Parliament. (2018, October). Legislative Consent Memorandum for the Agriculture Bill. Retrieved from https://www.parliament.scot/S5ChamberOffice/SPLCM-S05-19.pdf [accessed 11 April 2019] Scottish Parliament. (2018, November 12). Rural Economy and Connectivity Committee 8th Report, 2018 (Session 5)Legislative Consent Memorandum on the UK Agriculture Bill. Retrieved from https://sp-bpr-en-prod-cdnep.azureedge.net/published/REC/2018/11/12/Legislative-Consent-Memorandum-on-the-UK-Agriculture-Bill/RECS052018R8Rev.pdf [accessed 17 April 2019] UK Parliament Public Administration and Constitutional Affairs Committee. (2018, May 31). Devolution and Exiting the EU: reconciling differences and building strong relationships. Retrieved from https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm201719/cmselect/cmpubadm/1485/148502.htm [accessed 10 April 2019] Scottish Parliament. (2017, November 17). Negotiation of Trade Agreements in Federal Countries. Retrieved from https://sp-bpr-en-prod-cdnep.azureedge.net/published/2017/11/17/Negotiation-of-Trade-Agreements-in-Federal-Countries/SB17-79.pdf [accessed 10 April 2019] UK Government. (2019, February). Processes for making free trade agreements after the United Kingdom has left the European Union. Retrieved from https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/782176/command-paper-scrutiny-transparency-27012019.pdf [accessed 18 April 2019] UK Government. (2019, February 28). Processes for making free trade agreements once the UK has left the EU. Retrieved from https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/processes-for-making-free-trade-agreements-once-the-uk-has-left-the-eu [accessed 10 April 2019] Scottish Government. (2018, August 30). Scotland's role in the development of future UK trade arrangements. Retrieved from https://www.gov.scot/publications/scotlands-role-development-future-uk-trade-arrangments/ [accessed 10 April 2019] UK Government. (2017, October 16). Joint Ministerial Committee (EU Negotiations) Communique. Retrieved from https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/652285/Joint_Ministerial_Committee_communique.pdf [accessed 11 April 2019] Scottish Parliament. (2017, September 19). Letter from Michael Russell to the Finance and Constitution Committee. Retrieved from https://cdn.prgloo.com/media/download/d82d1506068840938d8397b9a3f64a1e [accessed 17 April 2019] UK Government. (2018, March). Frameworks Analysis: Breakdown of areas of EU law that intersect with devolved competence in Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. Retrieved from https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/686991/20180307_FINAL__Frameworks_analysis_for_publication_on_9_March_2018.pdf [accessed 11 April 2019] UK Government. (2019, April). Revised Frameworks Analysis: Breakdown of areas of EU law that intersect with devolved competence in Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. Retrieved from https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/792738/20190404-FrameworksAnalysis.pdf [accessed 11 April 2019] Scottish Parliament Finance and Constitution Committee. (2019, March 25). Report on Common Frameworks. Retrieved from https://sp-bpr-en-prod-cdnep.azureedge.net/published/FCC/2019/3/25/Report-on-Common-Frameworks/FCC-S5-19-04.pdf [accessed 11 April 2019] Institute for Government. (2017, November 22). Brexit, devolution and common frameworks. Retrieved from https://www.instituteforgovernment.org.uk/printpdf/5383 [accessed 11 April 2019] Keating, M. (2018, August 15). Written evidence to the Finance and Constitution Committee: Policy Frameworks after Brexit. Retrieved from https://www.parliament.scot/S5_Finance/Inquiries/Centre_on_Constitutional_Change.pdf [accessed 11 April 2019] Scottish Parliament. (2018, September). Common UK Frameworks – Summary of Written Evidence. Retrieved from https://parliament.scot/S5_Finance/General%20Documents/Summary_of_Evidence_-_Common_Frameworks.pdf [accessed 18 April 2019] UK Parliament House of Lords European Union Committee. (2017, July 19). 4th Report of Session 2017-19, Brexit: devolution. Retrieved from https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/ld201719/ldselect/ldeucom/9/9.pdf [accessed 11 April 2019] Welsh Government. (2017). Securing Wales' Future: Transition from the European Union to a new relationship with Europe. Retrieved from https://gov.wales/sites/default/files/2017-01/30683%20Securing%20Wales%C2%B9%20Future_ENGLISH_WEB.pdf [accessed 11 April 2019] UK Parliament Scottish Affairs Committee. (2019, March 14). The relationship between the UK and Scottish Governments inquiry: oral evidence from Michael Russell MSP. Retrieved from http://data.parliament.uk/writtenevidence/committeeevidence.svc/evidencedocument/scottish-affairs-committee/the-relationship-between-the-uk-and-scottish-governments/oral/98020.html [accessed 11 April 2019] Scottish Parliament Finance and Constitution Committee. (2018). Common UK Frameworks – Summary of Written Evidence. Retrieved from http://www.parliament.scot/S5_Finance/General%20Documents/Summary_of_Evidence_-_Common_Frameworks.pdf [accessed 11 April 2019] Last Updated: 29/1 3:26pm An error occured while loading, please try again in a few minutes. 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__label__cc	0.530384	0.469616	Event recap and photos: Cochon555 Heritage BBQ Tour Dustin Harvey of East Side King celebrates his restaurant’s win at Cochon555. (Credit: Galdones Photography/COCHON 555) Justin Yu of Houston’s exceptional Oxheart restaurant came to the Cochon555 Heritage BBQ event at the W Hotel Sunday with the intention of shaking up his image. Yu, whose restaurant was just named best in the city (again) by Houston Chronicle restaurant critic Alison Cook, said he wants be known as someone who can do meat as well as he does vegetables. He came to the right place. The pork-centric event featured five restaurants competing in a challenge that required them to make five dishes with a 200-pound heritage breed pig. At the head of the ballroom at the W, rest a massive pig that butchers from Salt & Time broke down for a charity auction that raised about $800 for the Le Cordon Bleu College of Culinary Arts. The event was one of five stops on the Heritage BBQ tour, part of Cochon555’s mission to spread the gospel of local sourcing and heritage breed pigs. “Austin is this young, vibrant, super-hip, food-eating mecca right now for entertainment and enjoyment. And this conversation is all about local, so it is the perfect fit,” Cochon555 founder Brady Lowe said. “From a level of sourcing I think Austin is in elite conversation when talking about artisanal production.” East Side King took home the crown at the event that also served to highlight global barbecue from the culinary traditions of China, Germany, Mexico, South Africa, Indonesia, Spain Hawaii, Vietnam, and South America. ESK’s Dustin Harvey’s win came on the strength of a crunchy but tender pork confit topped with soft poached quail egg and served with pickled chilies. Austin restaurants Barlata, Foreign and Domestic, and Swift’s Attic also competed in the piggy proceedings that were enlivened with plenty of bourbon. For Swift’s Attic the event offered a chance to preview their forthcoming Chinese restaurant Wu Chow in downtown Austin. If their steamed buns with sweet pork shoulder and excellent pork soup dumplings with their gelatinous blast were any indication, the restaurant will be a welcome addition to the scene. As for Yu’s team, the cardamom-infused pain au lait with tender pork shoulder was a hit, but there was no denying the beauty of his plate of roasted and pickled okra served with smoked cheddar and black garlic. He served it as a sixth bonus dish, proving some habits are hard to break. To the photos … Justin Yu (far right) and his team from Oxheart attended the Cochon555 event. It was only Yu’s second event appearance in Austin. (Credit: Galdones Photography/COCHON 555.) Chefs Mat Clouser (Swift’s Attic), Daniel Olivella (Barlata), Ned Elliott (Foreign & Domestic), Dustin Harvey (East Side King), Justin Yu (Oxheart) and Cochon555 founder Brady Lowe take to the stage for the announcement of the winner. (Credit: Matthew Odam AMERICAN-STATESMAN) Bryan Butler of Salt & Time breaks down a heritage breed pig that was sold during a live auction that raised about $800 for Le Cordon Bleu. (Credit: Matthew Odam AMERICAN-STATESMAN) Foreign & Domestic served a savory fried bacon cornbread topped with whipped honey lardo, Canadian bacon, and a pickled peach. (Credit: Matthew Odam AMERICAN-STATESMAN) East Side King’s pork confit came topped with a soft poached quail egg. (Matthew Odam AMERICAN-STATESMAN) Okra dish from Oxheart. (Credit: Matthew Odam AMERICAN-STATESMAN) Author Matthew OdamPosted on September 30, 2014 September 30, 2014 Categories UncategorizedLeave a comment on Event recap and photos: Cochon555 Heritage BBQ Tour Austin Food and Wine Festival chefs to serve in ACL Fest Chef Showcase Bryce Gilmore of Barley Swine is one of the chefs participating in the Chef Showcase at ACL Fest. (Laura Skelding AMERICAN-STATESMAN) This year’s Austin City Limits Festival will feature some flavor from its sister festival, the Austin Food and Wine Festival. Participating chefs from next April’s fourth annual festival will appear in a Chef Showcase at the food court, giving music fans a taste of some of their popular restaurants and a peek at what is to come next year. Each day of the two-weekend festival will feature a different Texas chef. Father-son farm-to-table acolytes Jack and Bryce Gilmore will appear on October 3 serving Texas fare (fish tacos, grilled quail and kolaches with goat sausage). Saturday’s fest features food from San Antonio chef Jason Dady, an AFWF veteran, and Fort Worth chef Blaine Staniford of Grace Restaurant will serve dishes on Sunday, including a vegetarian Frito pie. The second weekend features Alexis Chong of Sway serving the Thai restaurant’s salt-and-pepper shrimp, one of my favorite appetizers in town; Andrew Wisehart of Contigo, who will give a sneak peek of the upcoming East Austin veggie-forward restaurant Gardner with red beets and charred broccoli; and ACL and AFWF veteran David Bull. The Congress chef will prepare a portabella mushroom banh mi and a pork belly banh mi, one of my favorite bites from last year’s festival. The festivals are running a cross-promotion during ACL Fest. When people label pictures of their favorite Austin food dishes with the hashtags #aclfest and #afwfest on Instagram or Twitter, they will be entered in contests to win a pair of weekend passes to next year’s AFWF. The contest runs from October 3-12. The Austin Food and Wine Festival takes place April 24-26. See the complete list of food vendors at this year’s ACL Fest here. Author Matthew OdamPosted on September 30, 2014 September 30, 2014 Categories EventsLeave a comment on Austin Food and Wine Festival chefs to serve in ACL Fest Chef Showcase Are you ready for some fifty-cent wings? The East Side King food truck at Liberty bar is getting into the football spirit. The Asian-fusion food truck owners Tweeted today that they will be serving chicken wings for fifty cents on Monday nights. To celebrate the kick-off (bad pun recognized, if not intended), they are giving out free beer with wing purchases. Stop by ESK at The Liberty on Mondays for 50 cent wings!! & TONIGHT Mon 9/29, FREE BEER w/ wing purchase!! @pqui http://t.co/Dp0X1PjiKX— East Side King (@EastSideKingATX) September 29, 2014 Author Matthew OdamPosted on September 29, 2014 September 29, 2014 Categories DealsLeave a comment on Are you ready for some fifty-cent wings? Houston chef Monica Pope hosting pop-up dinners in Round Top Acclaimed Houston chef-restaurateur and farm-to-table advocate Monica Pope will host a week of pop-up dinners at Sparrow Ranch in Round Top next week, about halfway between Austin and Houston. The nightly events that run from September 30-October 4 will feature a specialty cocktail, hors d’oeuvres, and a buffet-style supper with dessert, along with beer and wine. The event in one of Texas antiquing hot spots is co-hosted by interior designer Sara Eliason. Tickets for the al fresco meals are $75 and can be purchased online. Pope’s Sparrow Bar & Cookshop this week was listed 35th on Houston Chronicle restaurant critic Alison Cook’s list of Top 100 restaurants in Houston. Antique shoppers can also pick up prepared breakfasts and lunches from Pope daily. More details here. Author Matthew OdamPosted on September 25, 2014 September 25, 2014 Categories EventsLeave a comment on Houston chef Monica Pope hosting pop-up dinners in Round Top Austin restaurants: Late-night dining Restaurant listings* Each week in Austin360, we offer a rotating list of places to eat right now. This week: Late-night dining. All of these places are open until at least 11 p.m., with most open much later. Find more late-night choices at austin360.com/thefeed and more restaurants listed by category at austin360.com/AustinRestaurants . (*This is not a comprehensive list. Don’t see one of your favorites below? Send me an email at modam@statesman.com or leave a comment below and I will add it to our online listings.) 24 Diner. 600 N. Lamar Blvd. 512-472-5400, 24Diner.com. Farm-to-table comfort food in a diner setting that leaves off all the chrome and fluorescent lighting. 888 Pan Asian Restaurant. 2400 E. Oltorf St. 512-448-4722, facebook.com/pages/888-Pan-Asian-Restaurant . From Thai to Chinese and Vietnamese, the culinary options run the gamut at this East Austin spot. Apothecary Cafe & Wine Bar. 4800 Burnet Rd. 512-371-1600, apothecaryaustin.com. Well executed seasonal fare at this neighborhood wine bar. Try the scallops with curry and soba noodles. Arro. 601 W. Sixth St. 512-992-2776, ArroAustin.com. The folks behind Easy Tiger and 24 Diner bring comforting French dishes such as steak frites and croque monsieur to the West Sixth entertainment district. Open until the bars close on weekends. Bouldin Creek Cafe. 1900 S. First St. 512-416-1601, BouldinCreek.com. Get your vegetarian (and coffee) fix until midnight daily at South Austin’s home to the hip and crunchy. Buenos Aires Café. 1201 E. Sixth St., 512-382-1189, buenosairescafe.com. A taste of South America in East Austin at this charming café that started on South First Street years ago. The selection of empanadas (spinach, beef, chicken and tuna) are not to be missed. Neither is the steak sandwich with a vibrant chimichurri. Open until 11 p.m. six nights a week. Chinatown. 107 W. Fifth St. 512-637-8888, austinchinatown.com. The downtown location of Ronald Cheng’s Chinese empire is open until 2 a.m. Thursday-Saturday. Contigo. 2027 Anchor Lane. 512-614-2260, ContigoTexas.com/Austin . A short drive to East Austin feels like an escape to the country at this ranch-inspired restaurant that serves an excellent burger and great cocktails. El Taquito. 1713 E. Riverside Dr. 512-851-8226, eltaquito.com. Classic Mexican dishes like tacos al pastor are served until very late daily. There are also locations in Pflugerville and Round Rock. Frank. 407 Colorado St. 512-494-6916, hotdogscoldbeer.com. Fancy dogs like the Jackalope (made with smoked antelope, rabbit, and pork sausage, and topped with cranberry compote) and this fun spot in the middle of the Warehouse District. Gourdough’s Public House. 2700 S. Lamar Blvd. 512-912-9070, gourdoughspub.com. Spawned from a trailer, this restaurant has an entire section of entrees – like fried chicken — served atop donuts. Perfect for sopping up booze or putting you to sleep. Home Slice Pizza. 1415 S. Congress Ave. 512-444-7437, homeslicepizza.com. The best New York City-style slices in Austin and one of the best Italian subs, as well. Neighboring More Home Slice is open until 3 a.m. on the weekends. Justine’s. 4710 E. Fifth St. 512-385-2900, Justines1937.com. A blend of style and grace, Justine’s offers a unique dining experience, whether you’re sitting at a small table in the dimly lit intimate dining room listening to vinyl or out under the trees and twinkle lights. The party goes late here. Kerbey Lane. Multiple locations. 512-447-3767, kerbeylanecafe.com. An Austin original that has been interested in conscientious sourcing since before it was popular. La Mexicana. 1924 S. First St. 512-443-6369, la-mexicana-bakery.com. Barbacoa tacos on fluffy homemade tortillas and Mexican pastries make for a great late-night one-two punch at this all-night spot. Magnolia Cafe. 1920 S. Congress Ave., 2304 Lake Austin Blvd. 512-445-0000, themagnoliacafe.com. Funky and fun, this place is a testament to the fact that pancakes and omelets tastes good any time of the day or night. So do quesadillas. Max’s Wine Dive. 207 San Jacinto Blvd. 512-904-0111, maxswinedive.com. It’s always the right time for fried chicken and champagne. Mulberry. 360 Nueces St. 512-320-0297, MulberryAustin.com. Beef, fish and bar snacks make up most of the menu at this small wine bar at the bottom of a downtown condo tower. Peche. 208 W. Fourth St. 512-494-4011, PecheAustin.com. Prohibition-era cocktails to go with dishes such as rabbit and duck cacciatore with pasta and seared scallops at this high-ceilinged Warehouse District bar-restaurant. Second Bar + Kitchen. 200 Congress Ave. 512-827-2750, congressaustin.com/second . New American on Congress Avenue puts you right in the middle of downtown, and the patio is great for dining and people watching if the weather is decent. (Recommend: pepperoni soup; seared trout; fried pickles; seared scallops; cheeseburger; bleu cheese, pork belly and medjool date pizza.) Texas Chili Parlor. 1409 Lavaca St. 512-472-2828, txchiliparlor.com. This Austin institution has been serving up bowls of chili and plates full of burgers and fries since 1976. Open until 2 a.m. most nights. Trudy’s. Multiple locations. trudys.com. With restaurants located north, south and central, this home to Tex-Mex fare has your late-night cravings covered. Author Matthew OdamPosted on September 24, 2014 September 25, 2014 Categories Austin restaurants by categoryLeave a comment on Austin restaurants: Late-night dining Update: Patika Coffee on South Lamar opens Friday Update: Patika Coffee will officially open to the public Friday. Patika will be open daily at 7 a.m. and will close at 10 p.m. Monday-Thursday, midnight on Friday and Saturday, and 8 p.m. on Sunday. “When we opened the Patika kart in 2010, we had no idea if we’d eventually want to do a brick and mortar. But we quickly realized that the kart was a place where people could build friendships and, even in a small space, feel a sense of community; we knew we wanted more of that,” Patika co-owner Andy Wigginton said. “This space on South Lamar is the perfect neighborhood for us, as the people and community here are engaged, proud, and supportive of local businesses. We love that they’re genuinely interested in being involved in the community and respond to places that seek to integrate into the neighborhood. We are excited to be part of it.” Popular downtown coffee truck, Patika Coffee, will open later this month at 2159 S. Lamar Blvd. in an old building previously inhabited by Liberty Tax Services. The cafe will be open daily (with concrete hours to come) and serve coffee from multiple roasters, along with beer and wine. During morning hours they will serve a rotating roster of sweet and savory pastries, with evening service featuring snacks like cheese and charcuterie plates. The cafe features exposed brick details from the original building, with a modern, eclectic design. Patika will also have a back patio and a few seats out front. Andy Wigginton opened Patika in 2010 at Congress Avenue and Second Street. The trailer moved to 116 W. Fourth St. in 2012 to make way for construction of the Marriott. The trailer will remain in operation at that location. I’ll have more details when Patika sets its opening date. Author Matthew OdamPosted on September 24, 2014 September 25, 2014 Categories Now openLeave a comment on Update: Patika Coffee on South Lamar opens Friday Coming soon: St. Philip Pizza Parlor and Bakeshop opens October 2 The wild mushroom pizza with ricotta, baby kale, Idiazabal cheese and olive oil is one of the offerings that will be available at St. Philip Pizza Parlor and Bakeshop. St. Philip Pizza Parlor and Bakeshop will open to the public on October 2. The restaurant and bakery from the team responsible for Uchi and Uchiko is located at 4715 S. Lamar Blvd. in Sunset Valley, in the space previously occupied by Cannoli Joe’s. Savory and sweet pastries, bread and cookies will comprise the majority of the bakeshop’s offerings with the pizza parlor serving about a dozen pizzas, a half-dozen sandwiches, a selection of meatballs and a dozen small plates, such as yellowtail crudo, smoked chicken salad, and ricotta dumplings. (View the menu here.) The 5400 square-foot culinary complex, named after the patron saint of bakers and pastry chefs, was spearheaded by Uchi director of culinary operations Phlip Speer and designed in collaboration by the Michal Hsu Office of Architecture and Shelving Litmus Industries. Speer will serve as executive chef, overseeing chef de cuisine Omar Rodriguez, whose resume includes seven years working under celebrated Spanish chef José Andrés, and head baker Kerstin Bellah. Both are veterans of Uchiko. “It is an exciting direction for us,” Uchi co-founder, partner and Chef Tyson Cole said. “We’ve got all of this talent within our group that we wanted to create outlets and opportunities. Our goal is that St. Philip becomes a neighborhood spot for locals to relax, have some fun and experience our take on some old favorites as well as hopefully creating some new ones.” The restaurant, which offers both dine-in and take-out, is open Monday through Thursday from 11 a.m. to 10 p.m., Friday from 11 a.m. to 11 p.m., Saturday from 10 a.m. to 11 p.m., and Sunday from 10 a.m. to 10 p.m. The bakeshop is open Monday through Friday, from 7 a.m. to 9 p.m., and Saturday and Sunday from 8 a.m to 9 p.m. Reservations for parties larger than six can be made by calling 512-358-7445 and through OpenTable by visiting stpaustin.com. Author Matthew OdamPosted on September 22, 2014 September 25, 2014 Categories Coming soonLeave a comment on Coming soon: St. Philip Pizza Parlor and Bakeshop opens October 2 Now open: Kent Black’s Barbecue in San Marcos Another member of the Black family of Lockhart has struck out on his own and opened a barbecue restaurant. Kent Black, who is the pitmaster at the Lockhart restaurant owned by his parents, opened Kent Black’s Barbecue at 500 Hull St. in San Marcos. Kent Black’s nephews, Mark and Michael, opened Terry Black’s Barbecue on Barton Springs Road earlier this year. Neither of those restaurants is affiliated with the Lockhart original, though Kent Black plans to open a Black’s Barbecue on Guadalupe Street later this year. Kent Black’s Barbecue is open daily for lunch and dinner and offers a full bar. Author Matthew OdamPosted on September 22, 2014 September 25, 2014 Categories Now openLeave a comment on Now open: Kent Black’s Barbecue in San Marcos Now open: Tacodeli on Burnet Road The fifth Austin location of Tacodeli is now open at 7301 Burnet Rd. in Crestview. As with the other stores, the Burnet Road location is open weekdays from 7 a.m. to 3 p.m. and 8 a.m. to 3 p.m. on weekends. Tacodeli is located a few blocks south of Anderson Lane in the Centennial Shopping Center. Author Matthew OdamPosted on September 22, 2014 September 25, 2014 Categories Now openLeave a comment on Now open: Tacodeli on Burnet Road Event: Pig roast and gin drinks at Half Step September 27 Exceptional craft cocktail bar Half Step and Imbibe Magazine will host a pig roast on September 27. And you know there will be drinks. Bar owner Chris Bostick and his crew will serve three Aviation Gin cocktails along with the whole pig and homemade sides. Tickets for the event, which runs from 1 p.m. to 4 p.m. at the Rainey Street bar, cost $25 and can be purchased online. Author Matthew OdamPosted on September 18, 2014 September 25, 2014 Categories EventsLeave a comment on Event: Pig roast and gin drinks at Half Step September 27	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0125.json.gz/line1075
__label__wiki	0.765831	0.765831	WORLD WAR 2,EIGHTIES,MUSIC,HISTORY,HOLOCAUST Category Archives: James Bond The Longest Day and how Goldfinger temporarily was banned in Israel. Posted on June 6, 2018 by dirkdeklein under D-Day, History, James Bond, World War 2 The Longest Day is still one of my favourite movies. The epic cinematic event about D-Day and the direct aftermath. It was one of the first ensemble cast movies, basically anyone who was anyone in Hollywood was part of the movie. Because it was shot less then 2 decades after D-Day and the end of WWII it meant that some of the actors in the film had actually seen action on the battlefield during the war. As you can see from the title there is a mention of another movie, the James Bond movie Goldfinger. Gert Fröbe who played Auric Goldfinger also played in The Longest Day, he portrayed the role of the Wehrmacht soldier Sgt. Kaffekanne. Fröbe was born on 25 February 1913 and had joined the Nazi party at the young age of 16 in 1929. Disillusioned by the party and what it stood for he left in 1937. By September 1944 however he was drafted into the Wehrmacht. During an interview in 1968 with a reporter of the Daily Mail, Fröbe had said “I was a member of the Nazi Party. During the Third Reich, I had the luck to be able to help two Jewish people, although I was a member of the Nazi party.” The reporter however had shortened it to ” I was a member of the Nazi Party” As a result Israel banned the movie Goldfinger for several months. Many people just didn’t believe Fröbe’s version of the interview. Until one of the Jews he helped, Mario Blumenau, showed up at the Israeli Embassy in Vienna. Blumenau informed them that his and his Mother’s life were saved by Fröbe by hiding them. They’d heard of how Fröbe was being vilified and wanted to set the record straight. Shortly after this, the Israeli ban on Goldfinger was officially lifted and Föbe’s reputation restored. I am passionate about my site and I know a you all like reading my blogs. I have been doing this at no cost and will continue to do so. All I ask is for a voluntary donation of $2 ,however if you are not in a position to do so I can fully understand, maybe next time then. Thanks To donate click on the credit/debit card icon of the card you will use. If you want to donate more then $2 just add a higher number in the box left from the paypal link. Many thanks Goldeneye-James Bond in WWII Posted on March 20, 2018 by dirkdeklein under History, James Bond, Spy, World War 2 I have to confess that the title is actually deceiving, because this blog is not about James Bond as such but more about 007’s creator, Ian Fleming, and some of his WWII efforts. Looking at some of the operations it appears that his inspiration for James Bond may have partially come from himself. In May 1939 Fleming was recruited by Rear Admiral John Godfrey, Director of the Naval Intelligence Division of the Royal Navy, to become his personal assistant. He joined the organisation full-time in August 1939,with the codename “17F”, and worked out of Room 39 at The Admiralty. Ian Fleming was soon involved in several WWII operations. Operation Ruthless Operation Ruthless was the name of a deception operation devised by Ian Fleming in the British Admiralty during World War II, in an attempt to gain access to German Naval Enigma code books. In conjunction The code breakers at Bletchley Park, working on the highly secret German Enigma traffic, were having difficulty breaking into the German Naval signals. It was suggested that directly obtaining German Naval code tables would be the the fastest method of making progress. In effect this meant capturing a German Naval unit with the code material intact. Fleming proposed a scheme to do just this: “TOP SECRET. To: Director Naval Intelligence From: Ian Fleming I suggest we obtain the loot by the following means: 1. Obtain from Air Ministry an air-worthy German bomber. 2. Pick a tough crew of five, including a pilot, W/T operator and word-perfect German speaker. Dress them in German Air Force Uniform, add blood and bandages to suit. 3. Crash Plane in the Channel after making SOS to rescue service. 4. Once aboard rescue boat, shoot German crew, dump overboard, bring rescue boat back to English port. In order to increase the chances of capturing an R or M [Räumboot – a small minesweeper; Minensuchboot – a large minesweeper] with its richer booty, the crash might be staged in mid-Channel. The Germans would presumably employ one of this type for the longer and more hazardous journey. NB. Since attackers will be wearing enemy uniform, they will be liable to be shot as franc-tireurs if captured, and incident might be fruitful field for propaganda. Attackers’ story will therefore be that it was done for a lark by a group of young hot-heads who thought the war was too tame and wanted to have a go at the Germans. They had stolen the plane and equipment and had expected to get into trouble when they got back. This will prevent suspicions that party was after more valuable booty than a rescue boat.” Operation Goldeneye Operation Goldeneye was an Allied plan during the Second World War, which was to monitor Spain after a possible alliance between Francisco Franco and the Axis powers, and to undertake sabotage operations. The plan was formed by Commander Ian Fleming With no German takeover of Spain or invasion of Gibraltar, the plan was closed in 1943. The object of the operation, was to ensure that the UK would still be able to communicate with Gibraltar in the event Spain joined the Axis powers. The plan also incorporated elements for the defense of Gibraltar had the Germans invaded through Spain. Ultimately General Franco , Spain’s dictator, declined to join the Axis powers, Adolf Hitler having refused to give Gibraltar and French North Africa to Spain after these had been seized. Fleming later dubbed his Jamaican estate “Goldeneye”, and began writing his series of James Bond novels there.The name was also used for the title of the seventeenth James Bond film, GoldenEye starring Pierce Brosnan as Bond. 30 Assault Unit In Sep 1942, the Director of Naval Intelligence authorised the formation of the Special Intelligence Unit, composed of 33 (Royal Marines) Troop, 34 (Army) Troop, 35 (RAF) Troop and 36 (Royal Navy) Troop. The Special Intelligence Unit was later renamed 30 RN Commando (Special Engineering Unit), and was redesignated 30 Assault Unit in December 1943. The unit was formed by Ian Fleming. Fleming did not fight in the field with the unit, but selected targets and directed operations from the rear.[41] On its formation the unit was thirty strong, but it grew to five times that size.[42] The unit was filled with men from other commando units, and trained in unarmed combat, safe-cracking and lock-picking at the SOE facilities. Operation Chitty Chitty Bang Bang I am just having a bit of fun here, Chitty Chitty Bang Bang was never a WWII operation, however what many people don’t know this was the last book Ian Fleming ever wrote. But how cool would it have bnne if there actually had been an “Opertaion Chitty Chitty Bang Bang” The screen play for the movie was written by another WWII hero and legendary author, Roald Dahl. Fleming had first mentioned to friends during the war that he wanted to write a spy novel, an ambition he achieved within two months with Casino Royale. He started writing the book at Goldeneye on 17 February 1952, gaining inspiration from his own experiences and imagination. ww2today The forgotten James Bond Posted on November 8, 2017 by dirkdeklein under History, James Bond, Movie Everyone knows there have been 7 actors who played the illusive 007. Sean Connery,Roger Moore,George Lazenby,Timothy Dalton,Pierce Brosnan,Daniel Craig and David Niven(who played Bond in the parody Casino Royale) And when you exclude the parody Casino Royale there have been 24 movies and number 25 is currently being made. Well on both counts you’d be wrong. Starting with the number of feature movies there already have been 25 movies made. Although “Never Say Never Again” does star Sean Connery as James Bond, It is technically not considered to be a James Bond movie. A High Court in London in 1963 allowed Kevin McClory to produce a remake of Thunderball titled Never Say Never Again in 1983.The film, produced by Jack Schwartzman’s Taliafilm production company and starring Sean Connery as Bond, was not part of the Eon series of Bond films. McClory then took Fleming to the High Court in London for breach of copyright and the matter was settled in 1963. After Eon Productions started producing the Bond films, it subsequently made a deal with McClory, who would produce Thunderball, and then not make any further version of the novel for a period of ten years following the release of the Eon-produced version in 1965. When it comes to playing the character James Bond there is an eighth actor who played him.In fact he was the first actor to play 007. In 1954 CBS paid Ian Fleming $1,000 to adapt his first novel, Casino Royale, into a one-hour television adventure as part of their dramatic anthology series Climax!, which ran between October 1954 and June 1958. It was adapted for the screen by Anthony Ellis and Charles Bennett; Bennett was best known for his collaborations with Alfred Hitchcock, including The 39 Steps and Sabotage.Due to the restriction of a one-hour play, the adapted version lost many of the details found in the book, although it retained its violence, particularly in Act III. The hour-long Casino Royale episode aired on 21 October 1954 as a live production and starred Barry Nelson as secret agent James Bond, with Peter Lorre in the role of Le Chiffre and was hosted by William Lundigan.The Bond character from Casino Royale was re-cast as an American agent, described as working for “Combined Intelligence”, supported by the British agent, Clarence Leiter; “thus was the Anglo-American relationship depicted in the book reversed for American consumption”. Clarence Leiter was an agent for Station S, while being a combination of Felix Leiter and René Mathis. The name “Mathis”, and his association with the Deuxième Bureau, was given to the leading lady, who is named Valérie Mathis, instead of Vesper Lynd. So you see there were 8 Bond movies and in total 26 movies, 3 of which were titled “Casino Royale”. Hendrikus van der Meer, killed for distributing leaflets. When the Gremlins beat der Führer. 17 Million deaths- Not just statistics The Nobel price and the Third Reich. I betcha you didn’t know they were Dutch-The Music edition. Paul Davidow on The fighting postmen of G… dirkdeklein on When the Gremlins beat der… dirkdeklein on 17 Million deaths- Not just… dirkdeklein on The Nobel price and the Third… dirkdeklein on I betcha you didn’t know… Adolf Hitler's wedding Afsluitdijk Air Disaster Allied Force WW2 mistake Allied Occupation Allied troops and Axis troops fighting together Andrew Sachs Anglo-Dutch war Antartic Anthropoid Arabian Wehrmacht Soldiers Arrow Party Asian Holocaust Austin,Texas Axis Powers Éamon de Valera Évian Conference Bergen Belsen Berlin Attack Bijlmer disaster Bosnian Civil war British Soldier Burma Railway Chinese citizens Civilian casualties Colonel Abrams Colonial power Conspiracy Theorie DeLorean Car Deserters Dr Ruth Drone attack Dutch resistance Dutch resistance fighter. Dutch Royal Family Dutch settlers Easter Rising Eichmann Trial Eighty Years' War Elfsteden tocht Escaped Nazi Extermination camp Familicide Female Aviators Female guards Female Serial Killer Fire balloon First class seats Franklin D.Roosevelt Gas Chambers German Resistance German Reunification German war victims Glasgow Rangers FC Goering H.G Wells Haganah Hammer House of Horrors Handgrenades Herald of Free Enterprise Hibakusha Hitler's Doctor Hitler's Family Hitler's suicide HMS Perseus Homeguard Invasion of Norway Irish Doctor Irish war of independence Irish WWII Heroes Italian Fascists Italian Royal Family Jack Ruby James Bulger Japanese Americans Jehovah Witnesses Jewish Nazi Jewish Terrorists K9 Units King Leopold II knife attack Labor Camp Langer Morgen Labor camps Lindbergh baby Manchester Arena attack Margot Frank Mass Suicide Masscare McCarthy era Medicins Medics Mittelbau-Dora concentration camp Mrs Gore Naval Disaster Nazi Crimes Nazi experiments Nazi Gold Nazi Propganda Nazi regime Nazi Salute Nazi supporters Neo Nazism Nick Cave and the Bad seeds Non Aggression pact Nuremberg Laws O J Simpson Oceanic Exploration Operation Market Garden Operation Overlord Operation Weserübung Original Songs Oswald Moseley Palestinian leader PC Gone wrong Polish Clergy Polish Scholars Political inmates POW Escape Pre WWII President of the USA Propaganda blunder Propganda Prosthetic Eye Psychiatric evaluations Ravensbrück concentration camp RMS Atlantic Roma-Gypsies Russian BUK Missile Russian Prisoners of War Schloss Rheydt Science vs Fiction Screen idols Sea Battles Sea Disaster Skating Marathon Soviet Prisoners of War Soviet Unions Airforce Spy ring Stephen King's "It" Stolen goods Struma disaster the Servant Girl Annihilator the Troubles Theresienstadt concentration camp Third secret of Fatima Toilet Malfunction Trinity Test U-Boat attack Ukrainian War Crimes United States Army Air Corps US Airforce UVF Vienna Academy of Fine Arts von Trapp Wallace Hartley War bonds Warsaw Ghetto Warsaw uprising Warsaw Zoo Webster Dictionary Wrongly accused WW2 Operations WWII Mistakes Zyklon B The fighting postmen of Gdansk The bizarre case of Glyndwr Michael- The WWII Hero, who never was. Holocaust – Victim by Victim 107,000 people on 97 transports	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0125.json.gz/line1076
__label__wiki	0.610585	0.610585	Indian Defence Update Indian Military Paksitan Indian Defence Update Blog by defenceupdate · Published April 20, 2019 · Last modified May 3, 2019 HAL AMCA :: IS INDIA NOW ABLE TO DEVELOP IT’s FIFTH GENERATION FIGHTER JET India, a country who recently developed its own first indigenous fighter (LCA TEJAS) which is single engine, single seat and multi role fighter jet. But till India is not able to build its own... by defenceupdate · Published April 18, 2019 HOW CHINA LOST 1967 WAR AGAINST INDIA That India lost the 1962 war against China is known to all. Yes, it was a defeat but it was the defeat for the then political top brass headed by prime minister Jawaharlal Nehru... by defenceupdate · Published April 16, 2019 · Last modified May 18, 2019 Why is India unable to design a jet engine for fighters? Aircraft design and development is a very costly enterprise. The fixed costs involved in design and manufacture of new aircraft for the companies involved in design and manufacturing is very high. This is so... Why lack of Progress in Kaveri engine Should be a major concern for IAF Dr. S Christopher, Previous Chairman of the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) in 2017 edition of Aero India had announced that Indigenously developed Kaveri engine developed by its associated lab Gas Turbine Research... India will have the 3rd most Powerful Navy in the world by 2030 The most powerful navies in 2030 will be a reflection of the broader state of the world. Some countries are invested in preserving the current international order, and see naval power as a means... Excalibur :: The future assault rifle of Indian armed forces A modern, reliable assault rifle is the very basic and primary weapon of an infantry soldier posted either on the border or deployed for counter militancy missions in the hinterland. To plug this major... Topical of artillery guns in the Indian Army Last week the Letter of Acceptance and Agreement (LoA) was inked with the United States Government for 145 M777 ultra-light howitzers worth $737 million. This is a government-to-government deal under Foreign Military Sales (FMS)... Better Option for LCA Tejas : M88 or FE414 Engine According to French Media ” La Tribune ” France and India are on the way to use M88 Engine for India’s indigenously build light Combat Aircraft. M88 Engine M88 Engine is a french afterburning... Defence / News Indian Navy’s SSN Programme Must Borrow From Russia’s 5th Gen. Husky Class One may wonder why Russia needs another SSN programme when 4th generation Yasen class SSN is also in production, and 3rd generation Akulas (One India already plying as INS Chakra) and Sierra-class SSNs are... India’s SSN: Waiting period 15 years The Chief of the Naval Staff Sunil Lanba while speaking to a media outlet, revealed that development of Indian nuclear attack submarine project which was sanctioned only earlier this year will take over 10... Page 40 of 98« First«...102030...3839404142...5060708090...»Last » How K-4 submarine-launched nuclear ballistic missile boosts India’s second-strike capability Pinaka MLRS:- India’s most underrated & lesser known weapon system India’s Advanced Towed Artillery Gun Achieves Milestone with Record Firing in A Minute Naval LCA at striking distance for deck operations from INS Vikramaditya Demise of Last MiG-27 Unit Stalls IAF 42-Squadron Plan Delhi’s unpredictability unnerving Islamabad Indian Defence Update © 2020. All Rights Reserved.	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0125.json.gz/line1079
__label__wiki	0.503168	0.503168	Computer modelling of multi domain proteins based on X-ray neutron solution scattering data. Ashton, A.W.; (2005) Computer modelling of multi domain proteins based on X-ray neutron solution scattering data. Doctoral thesis , University of London. U592610 redacted.PDF The study of multi domain proteins and their complexes in solution using X-ray and neutron solution scattering data is a valuable tool for structural biologists. This thesis describes how a novel automated computer modelling technique combined with high quality solution scattering data and biochemical knowledge can be used to give biologically significant information. In this study the use of this technique as applied to two biochemical systems is described. The first system to be studied was the interaction between tissue factor (TF) and blood coagulation Factor Vila (FVIIa), an interaction essential as an initiator of the blood coagulation cascade. FVIIa is a four domain plasma protein consisting of a serum protease domain with two glycosylation sites, two epidermal growth factor domains and a C-terminal Gla domain (a domain rich in y-carboxyglutamic residues). TF has two extracellular Fn-III domains which are bound to the cell membrane by a transmembrane region. In initial studies we were able to show how FVIIa complexed with sTF, formed a compact conformation in solution, confirming the findings of biochemical studies which had implicated numerous residues involved in complex formation. Modelling allowed us to propose domain models for free FVIIa and the complex between sTF and FVIIa which was subsequently confirmed by the crystal structure for this complex. The second protein to be studied was the pentameric ring structure of serum amyloid P (SAP). Although SAP is a plasma protein with no known biological function, SAP is found in all amyloid deposits and is believed to play a protective role in preventing normal body responses to removing such plaques. Previous studies had shown that SAP could exist as a pentamer or a decamer in solution. Even though the crystal structure of the pentameric form was known there were no details of how the decamer was formed. Using solution scattering data, along with the high resolution crystal structure of the stable pentameric ring, it was possible both to produce a model for the decamer, and to assess critically the parameters used in the modelling procedure. This study has advanced the method of scattering analysis. The ease of modelling solution scattering data makes it a valuable technique which is now becoming a routine procedure in structural and functional analysis of proteins. PQ ETD:592610 Thesis digitised by Proquest Third party copyright material has been removed from the e-thesis. UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Life Sciences > Div of Biosciences > Structural and Molecular Biology 65Downloads	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0125.json.gz/line1092
__label__cc	0.563521	0.436479	Tiny Love Stories: A New Year’s Instagram Flirtation Private Equity Gets Into a Great Big Elevator Fight Kristen Bell Says She and Dax Shepard Had the Most Intense Fight Recently The Flamingo Connection Peyton posted a picture with his flamingo, Lisa, wearing a Santa hat. Lisa had an Instagram account, so I followed it. He texted: “I see you following my lawn flamingo on Instagram.” I replied: “You tagged it in a photo. What other option did I have?” The texts got longer. Christmas slid to New Year’s and eventually to an evening watching the stars. I asked him why he texted me; he asked why I responded. We both knew. I’m thankful for that flamingo. “She’s the only girl I’ll ever love,” he once said. But that’s not true anymore. — Kate Bellows Hash-Brown Hanukkah Hack After reading about the Hanukkah hack online, I bought four bags of frozen hash browns. As we fried them up, our house smelled like onions and potatoes and Hanukkah. Not one of our 14 guests knew there had been no arduous grating. But my sister-in-law was suspicious. She looked at my husband’s hands and noted the lack of cuts. “How’d you do it?” she said. He smiled. “I’m a good grater.” I thought about blowing his cover. Everybody wanted seconds. She said, “Come on, dude.” He winked at me. I didn’t say a word. — Robin Finn A Space in the Storm Despite an impending New Year’s blizzard, I drove my little Honda to the Hamptons to visit a friend. We got cabin fever, both wanting to be somewhere else for the holiday, and drove back to the city before they closed the roads. We passed cars stuck like Lego pieces in the snow and made it home. The lots were full. My traveling companion left me to go ring in the new year, so I called my friend, John, who appeared with a smile and a shovel. In clearing a spot for my car, he created a space where I felt loved. — Elana Rabinowitz Dusty Pink New Year My 65-year-old mother entered the hospital on Dec. 21; her liver was past its expiration date. With my father buried the year before and my sister stationed in Germany, the holidays evaporated. After midnight on Christmas Eve, I arrived home from my bedside vigil to discover a red box cradling a dusty pink silk shirt — my size, my shade. My high school classmate’s Jewish mother, no stranger to loss, had refused to let my Christmas be ghosted. I wore the blouse to the funeral, wore it until the sleeves shredded. Dusty pink is my New Year’s color. — Susie Case See more Tiny Love Stories at nytimes.com/modernlove. Submit yours at nytimes.com/tinylovestories. Sign up for Love Letter to get a weekly dose of real stories that examine the highs, lows and woes of relationships. Watch the trailer for the Modern Love TV show, coming to Amazon Prime Video on Oct. 18; listen to the Modern Love Podcast on iTunes or Google Play Music; check out the updated anthology “Modern Love: True Stories of Love, Loss, and Redemption;” follow Modern Love on Facebook. The post Tiny Love Stories: A New Year’s Instagram Flirtation appeared first on New York Times.	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0125.json.gz/line1098
__label__wiki	0.669021	0.669021	A Podcast by Fans, For Fans or even Casual Viewers if you wish; celebrating 50 years of Doctor Who. RSS Feed: http://feeds.rapidfeeds.com/55960/ The 49 Up Podcast Statistics 12 April 2013 (1:48am GMT) The 49 Up Podcast Episodes Episode 15: The Rings of Akhaten Review Episode Duration: 0 minutes and 0 seconds This week; James, George and Ian discuss their opinions about this second episode of Series 7 Part 2. The visuals, the prosthetics, the plot and a sing-along, What else can we NOT talk about? tune in to find out! Episode 14: The Bells of Saint John Review 5 April 2013 (1:48am GMT) In this episode; James, Ian and George take it upon themselves to look at the new Opening episode to another series of Doctor who.... or half series with Series 7 Part 2. Along the way they discuss Spoonheads, Airplanes and Celia Imrie, Tune in to see what they thought of this story. Episode 13: Gallifrey One 2013 Preview In this episode of the 49 Up Podcast, Ian prepares to take off for Sunny LA for "24 hours of Gallifrey". The Biggest Doctor Who Convention with 3200 attendees confirmed along with a bounty of different Guests from the Dr Who Family. James probes Ian's brain of previous experiences and what he is hoping to see at the 24th edition of this gigantic Who Event. Episode 12: A Look at The Mind Robber DVD In this Episode of the 49 Up Podcast, James and Ian take a look at the averagely known Story, The Mind Robber. Gulliver, White Robots, Rapunzels hair and a Master Brain that writes the adventures of Captain Jack Harkaway. What discussions will come up? Tune in for that and more as the News bag is Full-to-bursting! Enjoy ^^ Episode 11: Time Agent/Fan Films Review In this Episode of the 49 Up Podcast, we step to the side of Doctor Who Fandom. To Fans who created, not just a Fan Film, but a Spin-Off Fan Film that gathers more and more attention on Youtube as it progresses further into it's Run; Time Agent. On the Verge of it's 4th Series, James and Ian discuss the show's current run, aswell as Fan Films in General and also have their first ever interview with Co-creators of the series; Jaime Carroll and Billy Treacy. Podcast Xtra #3 - The Time Space Visualiser #1 - January 2013 31 January 2013 (2:48am GMT) Welcome to the Time-Space Visualiser. A Channel to allow you to browse the past. The Past month of Doctor Who merchandise is open for you to partake in; Books, DVDs, Audios and Podcasts. The Mechanoids are your faithful servants to escort you to and from our base. Enjoy your stay and come back soon ^^ Episode 10: Monster Files #1 - A Discussion about Daleks! This week James and Ian tackle an Simultaneously Vague and In-Depth Discussion about the Doctor's Greatest Enenmies; The Daleks. Along with various Detours and Laughs galore it's our LONGEST EPISODE YET! Join us in our discussion by sending your views on the Daleks to the49uppodcast@gmail.com and we'll read out/play your feedback in a future Monster Files. Podcast Xtra #2 - LIVE Reactions to the NTAs 2013 James Brings you this surprise Podcast extra, Semi-commentating on the National Television Awards. Anger and Damnation to come aswell as a quick reminder on how Doctor Who's Broadcast Schedule looks for this year so far. Podcast Xtra #1 - Quiz #1 Podcast Xtra. Not Quite an Episode, but Still important enough for a special release. First off, it's a Quiz. Kind of like what James and George did in Episode 1, but alot more formal and prepared. Ian and James go head-to-head in a challenge, chaired and quizmastered by a member of the DWP; James Rockcliffe. Who will win? You'll have to tune in to find out. LET QUIZ COMMENCE! Episode 9: A Look at The War Machines DVD This week there's ALOT of news. But then again, DWM did keep it all till now to release so we dive right in and WOW! This year looks to be an AWESOME year to be Doctor Who Fan, especially us on the Podcast. Also, we start a look at Classic Doctor DVD Releases; and in First Month January Fashion we start with that little Gem of a story, The War Machines. Episode 8: Fan Geek Out #1 In this weeks episode of the 49 Up Podcast, James is joined by a New Temporary Co-Host in Ian Garbett. Warming us to Ian takes us to how we both became Fans of Dr Who. Send us your stories of how you became a fan at the49uppodcast@gmail.com. Enjoy ^^ Episode 7: The Angels take Manhattan Review 6 January 2013 (8:48am GMT) 2013, The first episode of the 50th anniversary year. In this episode of the 49 Up Podcast, James and George come to a New point in the review cycle of the podcast, They reach the END of Series 7 Part 1 and the departure of Amy Pond and Rory Williams to Doctor Who. They discuss, Angels, Production Values, River Song, Companion depatures and even a little bit of good old American Noir natter. See what they have to say in these weeks Episode. Enjoy ^^ Episode 6: The Snowmen Review A bit late, But Chaotic Scheduling will not keep George and I from reviewing this years Wonderfully spectacular christmas Special "The Snowmen". Aswell as that, There is some Pre- and Post-Christmas News aswell as a special announcement about a certain Quiz. Stay Tuned for more! Episode 5: The Power of Three Review In this episode of the 49 Up Podcast, George is out on business as a newcomer presents herself in the fray as American New-Whovian Liv Hathaway. Liv and I go through the recent news about the Christmas Special and Series 7 Part 2, While George gets to grips with reviewing the widely-regarded "least favourite" episode of Series 7 Part 1 "The Power of Three". (Me and Liv DID review it, but due to technical difficulties, that Discussion was lost) Episode 4: A Town Called Mercy Review In This Episode of the 49 Up Podcast, George and I review that Series 7 Mid-way Story that has such a good reputation with Fans; "A Town Called Mercy". We also talk about a LARGE chunk of News and rumours about The Snowmen including the reveal of a New TARDIS Console. We Also are looking for a third host to the show, Stay tuned during the episode for more details OwO. Enjoy ^^ Episode 3: Dinosaurs on a Spaceship Review In this Weeks Episode, George and James bring you more "The Snowmen" News aswell as a VERY long and In-depth review of the second episode of Series 7; Dinosaurs on a Spaceship. Prepare for Controversies and Ranting galore to argue against about Morality and Comedy within the confines of this 45 minute romp. Enjoy ^^ Episode 2: Asylum of the Daleks Review In this Weeks Episode, George and I Delve back into our memories of the past few months to complete the task of reviewing Series 7 Part 1 before the Christmas Special on the 25th of December. We get into Cinematic Presentation, Dalek Concepts and even my teeny Rant on the Memory Wipe plot point that not many Fans share in my view. We also have Late-Breaking news as of time of recording about the 50th Anniversary aswell as more Stuff about the Upcoming episode "The Snowmen". Enjoy ^^ Episode 1: Introduction In this first episode, Your hosts: James and George, discuss; 6th Doctor 'Colin Baker's escapades in the Jungle, The Christmas Special, 50th Anniversary special rumours and a quick quiz ends the show...... oh! and a few interesting "Kooky Theories" squeezed in for good measure. Enjoy!	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0125.json.gz/line1100
__label__cc	0.597286	0.402714	growth factor receptor bound protein 2(GRB2) CYTOBAND 17q24-q25, GENERIF_SUMMARY Investigation of the GRB2, GRB7, and CSH1 genes as candidates for the Silver-Russell syndrome (SRS) on chromosome 17q., Results indicate that leptin, after binding its receptor, leads to activation of Grb2 and several pathways for signal transduction that might lead to mitogenic effects., Coordinated traffic of Grb2 and Ras during epidermal growth factor receptor endocytosis, Grb2 and Nck act cooperatively to promote actin-based motility of vaccinia virus, grb2 tyrosine phosphorylation was decreased in Couzon syndrome., results suggest a model in which hepatitis C virus NS5A interacts with Grb2 to inhibit mitogenic signaling while simultaneously promoting the PI3K-AKT cell survival pathway by interaction with p85 PI3K, mediates recruitment of the Rab5 GTPase-activating protein RN-tre in endocyosis of EGFR, p21-activated kinase 1 (PAK1) interacts with the Grb2 adapter protein to couple to growth factor signaling, Results demonstrate that p27(Kip1) can inhibit growth factor receptor-bound protein 2 function by blocking its association with the guanine nucleotide exchange factor SOS., PNRC and Grb2, by interacting with each other, can suppress nuclear receptor-mediated regulation and growth factor-mediated regulation in human breast tissue, catalase (447)Tyr-Val-Asn-Val binds Grb2 upon phosphorylation in tumor cells when stimulated with serum or ligands for integrin receptors, Results suggest that MUC20 is a novel regulator of the Met signaling cascade which has a role in suppression of the Grb2-Ras pathway., GRB2 is necessary for RET-mediated branching of MDCK cells, Peptides with very high affinity for Grb2 were rationally designed as possible antitumor agents (review), demonstrate an interaction between Grb2 and magicin, Grb2-mediated recruitment of the functional RING domain of Cbl to the EGFR is essential and sufficient to support receptor endocytosis, p52Shc couples tyrosine kinase receptors to Ras by recruiting Grb2., Src homology 2 domain of Grb2 and the tyrosine residue tyrosine606 in CD229 are required for CD229-Grb2 complex formation., Grb2, in addition to its key function in signaling through Ras, may have a negatively regulatory role on EGF-induced PLC-gamma1 activation., EGFR-induced signaling and Grb2 are essential for formation of clathrin-coated pits accommodating the EGFR, while activation of MAPK and PI3K is not required., Y(169) and Y(179) are located within two consensus sites in PLD2 that mediate an SH2 interaction with Grb2. Y(169) and Y(179) are located within two consensus sites in PLD2 that mediate an SH2 interaction with Grb2., EGFR has six binding sites for the adapter protein Grb2, and ErbB4 has five., The full-length Grb2 proteins mediate negative regulation of the intrinsic Ras guanine-nucleotide exchange activity of hSos1., Grb2 is not essential for CD28-mediated NF-kappa B activation. The interaction between the YMNM motif of CD28 and the SH2 domain is sufficient for Grb2 binding., In T cells, the SH2 domain of GRB2 binds phosphorylated tyrosines on the adaptor protein LAT and the GRB2 SH3 domains associate with the proline-rich regions of SOS1 and CBL., By lysing primary hemopoietic cells at high pH, BCR-ABL1 protein-degradative activity was inhibited & association between BCR-ABL1 protein in complexes with adaptor proteins CBL, CRKL & GRB2 in primary chronic myeloid leukaemia material was demonstrated, biophysical analysis of Grb2-SH2 domain-swapping, Grb2 Src homology-2 domain-mediated interactions have a critical role in metastatic spread of primary solid tumors and Grb2 is inhibited by C90, These results are evidence that the Sprouty2 mechanism of ERK inhibition is independent of Grb2 binding., Grb2 functions as a factor which mediates phosphorylation of AMPK at Thr172., examination of rate of association reactions between Grb2 and epidermal growth factor receptor, These results suggest that coupling of Grb2 to Gab1 mediates the hepatocyte growth factor-induced strong activation of the ERK pathway, which is required for the inhibition of HepG2 cell proliferation., tumors expressing Grb2- and Shc-recruiting Met receptors demonstrated a marked loss in Grb2-associated adaptor protein 1 (Gab1) protein levels, which was not observed in the cell lines, consistent with a post-translationally regulated process, In human uterine leiomyomas, GRB2 were also overexpressed., Neph1 but not nephrin specifically binds to adaptor protein Grb2 and tyrosine kinase Csk in a phosphorylation-dependent manner., Thus, binding to APPL1 helps localize OCRL at specific cellular sites, and disruption of this interaction may play a role in disease., in VSMCs exposed to hyperglycemia, IGF-I stimulation of Shc facilitates the transfer of Grb2 to p85 resulting in enhanced PI3K activation and AKT phosphorylation leading to enhanced cell proliferation and migration, Grb2 may have a role in tumor growth, invasiveness and metastasis, tau interactions with Src homology 3 domains of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, phospholipase Cgamma1, Grb2, and Src family kinases are regulated by phosphorylation, Structural basis of the differential binding of the SH3 domains of GRB2 to SOS1 are reported., These data reveal that Grb2 facilitates the association of FasL with adaptin beta, and promotes sorting of FasL to the cell surface., Results define a novel negative cross-regulation between prolactin and epidermal growth factor involving the Jak2/Stat5a and Ras/MAPK pathways through tyrosine phosphorylation of Grb2., Loss of MADD expression resulted in reduced Grb2 and Sos1/2 recruitment to the TNFR1 complex and decreased Ras and MEKK1/2 activation, SH3 domains of GrB2 adaptor protein bind to PXpsiPXR motifs within the Sos1 nucleotide exchange factor in a discriminate manner., Overexpression of Grb2 is associated with gastric cancer., Distinct binding modes of two epitopes in GAB2 that interact with the SH3C domain of GRB2 are reported., Recruitment of the cytoplasmic adaptor Grb2 to surface IgG and IgE provides antigen receptor-intrinsic costimulation to class-switched B cells., The novel platelet adapter Dok-3 and the structurally related Dok-1 are tyrosine phosphorylated in an Src kinase-independent manner downstream of alphaIIbbeta3 in human platelets, leading to an interaction with Grb2., findings support a role for growth factor receptor-bound protein 2 in the diagnostically challenging workup of classical Hodgkin lymphoma versus primary mediastinal large B-cell lymphoma, report that FGFR2 recruits Grb2 through its C-terminal SH3 domain., the beta-catenin-dependent Wnt pathway is integrated with integrin signaling through the adaptor molecule Grb2, The binding of Grb2 adaptor to its downstream partners Sos1 and Gab1 docker is under tight allosteric regulation., crystals of Grb2 SH2 domain-FAK belonged to space group P3(1)21, with unit-cell parameters a = b = 102.7, c = 127.6 A, alpha = beta = 90.0, gamma = 120.0 degrees., Grb2 regulates primarily the NPM-ALK-mediated phosphorylation of SHP2 and plays a key role in ALCL cell growth., The SH2 domain of Grb2 has the potential to be used as a binding component of a probe to detect activated-RTK (receptor tyrosine kinases) and to evaluate the effect of kinase inhibitors on RTK activation., intracellular Francisella tularensis novicida triggers temporal and early activation of Ras through the SOS2/GrB2/PKCalpha/PKCbetaI quaternary complex; Ras signalling by intracellular F. tularensis is essential for intracellular proliferation in the cytosol, Apolipoprotein E, growth factor receptor-bound protein 2, Golgi SNAP receptor complex member 1, and glucosidase, beta, acid may play a neurodegenerative role in stress urinary incontinence development., Grb2 specifically localizes to degradative structures formed in Src-transformed fibroblasts and PMA-stimulated endothelial cells, but not invadopodia or podosomes formed in macrophages., Grb2 knockdown significantly inhibits proliferation and survival of BCR-ABL-expressing CD34+ cells, but not control CD34+ cells, Histidine domain-protein tyrosine phosphatase interacts with Grb2 and GrpL, In addition to two signaling-associated proteins (GIT1 and AF6), the heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins F, H1, and H2 were thus identified as novel direct binders to GRB2., To our knowledge, this is the first report of GRB2 being significantly associated with schizophrenia in a specific population., RhoU physically associates with activated EGFR in a GRB2-dependent manner; suppression of GRB2 by RNA interference abrogates the interaction of RhoU with activated EGFR., Our data reliably define context-specific and time-dependent networks that form around GRB2 after stimulation, and reveal core and growth factor-selective complexes comprising 90 proteins identified as interacting with GRB2 in HEK293T cells., The Tat/Grb2 interaction affects also viral function by inhibiting the Tat-mediated transactivation of HIV-1 LTR and viral replication in infected primary microglia., High-resolution crystal structures of Grb2-SH2 domain bound to AICD peptides reveal a unique mode of binding where the peptides assume a noncanonical conformation that is unlike other structures of AICD peptides bound to protein-tyrosine-binding domains, ACAP4 protein cooperates with Grb2 protein to orchestrate epidermal growth factor-stimulated integrin beta1 recycling in cell migration, Hypoxia can induce the activation of cytoplasmic FAK, Grb2 and paxillin so as to regulate the migration, survival and proliferation of pulmonary artery smooth cells., the negative loop on p38 is mediated by c-ABL phosphorylation at tyrosine 105 of the adaptor protein NCK1, while the phosphorylation at tyrosine 209 of GRB2 down-modulates ERK1/2 and JNKs signaling., T-cell antigen receptor (TCR)-mediated Erk activation requires RasGRP1, but not Grb2/Sos., multiple binding sites within Sos1 provide a physical route for Grb2 to hop in a flip-flop manner from one site to the next through facilitated diffusion, and such rapid exchange forms the basis of cooperativity driving bivalent binding of Grb2 to Sos1, Modeling and simulation of aggregation of membrane protein LAT with molecular variability in the number of binding sites for cytosolic Grb2-SOS1-Grb2, Grb2 is thereby recruited into the plexin-B1 receptor complex and, through its SH3 domain, interacts with p190 RhoGAP and mediates RhoA deactivation., Data show that bivalent binding drives the formation of the Grb2-Gab1 signaling complex in a noncooperative manner., Study describes a mechanism whereby Grb2 exerts control of FGFR2 kinase activity prior to growth factor binding., Grb2 interacts with ADAM12 and is required for ADAM12 internalization., The discovery of a negative regulatory role for Grb2 reveals that this adaptor acts as a double-edged sword in the regulation of RTK signaling., the N-terminal SH3-SH2 region of grb2 protein was in charge of binding with phosphorylated TIGIT., The results fit with a role of Grb2 in protein aggregation, achieving specificity by multivalent interactions, despite the relatively low affinity of single SH3 interactions., The Dok-3/Grb2 protein signal module attenuates Lyn kinase-dependent activation of Syk kinase in B cell antigen receptor microclusters, Although Sos1 and Gab1 recognize two non-overlapping sites within the Grb2 adaptor, allostery promotes the formation of two distinct pools of Grb2-Sos1 and Grb2-Gab1 binary signaling complexes in lieu of a composite Sos1-Grb2-Gab1 ternary complex., Grb2 exerts constitutive control over the mutually dependent activities of FGFR2 and Shp2., GRB2-mediated recruitment of THEMIS to LAT is essential for thymocyte development., EGFR interacts with Grb2 in both constitutive and EGF-dependent manners, whereas the HER3-Grb2 interaction requires the heteromerization of EGFR and HER3., suppression of Grb2 expression in HepG2 cells improved hepatic steatosis, glucose metabolism, oxidative stress, and apoptosis induced by palmitic acid incubation partly though modulating the insulin signaling pathway., A deficient lipid rafts recruitment of CD3zeta/ZAP-70/Grb2, and these proteins do not merge with GM1 within the lipid rafts., Epigenetic repression of miR-376c accelerated EGF-dependent cell migration through its target GRB2 in HuCCT1 cells., VP11/12 SFK-binding motifs recruit Lck and the activated Src family kinase then leads (directly or indirectly) to phosphorylation of additional motifs involved in recruiting p85, Grb2, and Shc., In neuronal cells, amyloid-beta protein precursor intracellular domain co-localizes with GRB2 in cell compartments., Trafficking of EGFR and Grb2 in living HeLa cells stimulated with low, physiological concentrations of EGFR ligands, was analyzed.., The combined GRB2 and GAB1 protein expression was significantly associated with aggressive tumor progression and poor prognosis in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma., SGEF interacts with Grb2., a central role for adaptor proteins p66Shc and Grb2 in the regulation of ARF1 and ARF6 activation in invasive breast cancer cells., Metastatic outcome can be dictated by the constitutive competition between Grb2 and Plcgamma1 for the phosphorylation-independent binding site on FGFR2., Recruitment of the adaptor protein Grb2 to EGFR tetramers., these results identify Grb2 and Shc as central signaling effectors of Met-driven progression of intestinal epithelial-derived cancers. Notably, they suggest that Grb2 may represent a promising target for the design of novel colorectal cancer therapies., The N-terminal SH3 domain of Grb2 specifically interacts with UVRAG, unlike the C-terminal SH3 domain. This interaction helps to understand the role of Grb2 in the autophagic maturation of vesicles., Knockdown of GRB2 suppressed LMTK3-induced CDC42 activation, blocked ITGA5 and ITGB1 expression promoted by the transcription factor serum response factor (SRF), and reduced invasive activity, GRB2 was an independent factor in prognosis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma patients, C-SH3 of Grb2 mediates the interaction with mutant Htt and this interaction being stronger could replace Gab1, with mutant Htt becoming the preferred partner. This would have immense effect on downstream signaling events., The immunoglobulin tail tyrosine motif in the cytoplasmic segments of membrane-bound IgGs acts as the principle signal amplifier by incorporating a Grb2-Btk signaling., down-regulated molecule growth factor receptor-bound protein 2 (GRB2) was a prominent node in fourteen cell proliferation-related sub-pathways., In addition, GRB2 and UBC were found to be hub nodes in the differentially expressed subnetwork and may be used as potential biomarkers or targets for the diagnosis of bladder cancer., findings show that regions outside of the consensus PxxPxR sites drive the high affinity association of GRB2 with SH3 domain ligands, Only monomeric Grb2 is capable of upregulating MAP kinase signalling. The dimeric state is inhibitory to this process. The self-association/dissociation of Grb2 represents a switch that regulates MAP kinase activity and hence controls cancer progression., Genetic variation near GRB2 on chromosome 17q25.1 is associated with sight-threatening diabetic retinopathy., TGF-beta2 induces Grb2 to recruit PI3-K to TGF-RII that activates JNK/AP-1-signaling and augments invasiveness of Theileria-transformed macrophages., Vav associates with Grb2., OFFICIAL_GENE_SYMBOL GRB2, SP_COMMENT alternative products:Additional isoforms seem to exist, domain:The SH3 domains mediate interaction with RALGPS1 and SHB., function:Adapter protein that provides a critical link between cell surface growth factor receptors and the Ras signaling pathway., function:Isoform GRB3-3 does not bind to phosphorylated epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) but inhibits EGF-induced transactivation of a RAS-responsive element. Isoform GRB3-3 acts as a dominant negative protein over GRB2 and by suppressing proliferative signals, may trigger active programmed cell death., similarity:Belongs to the GRB2/sem-5/DRK family., similarity:Contains 1 SH2 domain., similarity:Contains 2 SH3 domains., subunit:Associates with activated Tyr-phosphorylated EGF receptors and PDGF receptors via its SH2 domain. Also associates to other cellular Tyr-phosphorylated proteins such as SIT1, IRS1, IRS4, SHC and LNK; probably via the concerted action of both its SH2 and SH3 domains. It also seems to interact with RAS in the signaling pathway leading to DNA synthesis. Binds to and translocates the guanine nucleotide exchange factors SOS. Interacts with phosphorylated TOM1L1 and MET. Interacts with the phosphorylated C-terminus of SH2B2. Interacts with phosphorylated SIT1, LAX1, LAT, LAT2 and LIME1 upon TCR and/or BCR activation. Interacts with NISCH, PTPNS1, REPS2 and the syntrophin SNTA1. Interacts with REPS1 and PIK3C2B via its SH3 domains (By similarity). Interacts with HCV NS5A via its SH3 domains. Interacts with CBL and CBLB. Interacts with JUB and CLNK (By similarity). Interacts with SHB, INPP5D/SHIP1, SKAP1 and SKAP2. Forms a complex with MUC1 and SOS1, through interaction of the SH3 domains with SOS1 and the SH2 domain with phosphorylated MUC1. Interacts with PRNP (By similarity). Interacts with RALGPS1 and with HCST. Interacts (via SH3 domain) with HEV ORF3 protein. Interacts with GAPT.,	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0125.json.gz/line1104
__label__cc	0.744703	0.255297	Subscribe on Substack Categories: The Motherlode Hire David: Writing Services Dave’s Faves 8 of my faves, for whatever reason. Man’s Search for Meaning: The Viktor Frankl 5-a-Day Book Cult (2018) A Really Good Day: Psychedelic Microdosing with Ayelet Waldman (2017) “No one ever died while breathing.” Psychedelic Breathwork with Alchemy of Breath (2017) They Want Me to Fly Like a Bird: Travels in the Belgian Asylum System (2016) Understanding the Calais Critical Mass (2015) Why does society need people who go on crazy, stupid, arduous adventures? (2015) Do We Need Borders? (2014) The Complete History of the Moon in Sixteen and a Half Verses (2014) Hey yo! Just like Sesame Street, this esteemed website loves cookies. Check the privacy policy here. Cookie Policy Most Living and the Meaning of Life: Sailing 3,500 Miles for Syria8 minute read Most Living at its Most: Simon and Maria embark on their journey of 3,500 miles. On Saturday the 12th of July, Simon Moore and Maria Gallastegui stepped aboard ‘Rumi’, the sixteen-foot Wayfarer dinghy that they hope will carry them 3,500 miles by sea, from London to Lebanon. A few hours after seeing them off with a pile of home-baked flapjacks, I joined a thousand other cyclists on a night-long joyride from London Fields to Dunwich, 114 miles away on the Suffolk seashore. Two journeys: one political, one pointless. Both high on exertion, both involving the sea, both journeys into the unknown, testing our spirit and endurance. But the question is Why? Why do we do these things? Simon and Maria are sailing in solidarity with the people of Syria, hoping to raise awareness (and, incidentally, money) for the disastrous humanitarian crisis that is forgotten in yesterday’s newspaper headlines. The Dunwich Dynamo, as it’s known, had no such charitable purpose. It was a last-minute decision to do something stupid. But neither of those responses really answer the question. Why do we do these things? There are a thousand ways that Simon and Maria could raise awareness (and, incidentally, money) for the plight of Syrians. So why this way? Why risk their lives doings something that has a high probability of failure and that will likely be forgotten the moment they leave? There are a thousand ways that I could have spent my Saturday night. So why this way? Why risk my knees doing something that will only hurt and leave me sleep deprived for a week? It is the purpose of this article to find a better answer this question of why. Saturday Night Most Living: Halfway through the Dunwich Dynamo 114 mile night cycle from London to the sea. Albert Camus and The Reason We Don’t Commit Suicide Albert Camus was, in my opinion, the most successful of the French existentialist authors of the mid-twentieth century (he’d hate me for calling him an existentialist, but that is how he is remembered…). His philosophy, however flawed, at least made a stab at giving us practical answers to the problem of existence. And his works of fiction are streets ahead of Sartre. Existentialism is most frequently diluted in our collective memories to become a particularly French form of nihilism (he’d hate me even more for associating him with nihilism!). If people make a distinction between the two philosophical schools, it’s mostly by sticking a Gaullois between their lips and shrugging their shoulders. And, unfortunately, nihilism is seen as a highly negative way of viewing existence: there is no purpose to life, existence is pointless, so why bother? But Camus himself, in the first lines of The Myth of Sisyphus, asked this very question. “There is but one truly serious philosophical problem, and that is suicide.” In other words: Why, if there is no purpose to life, do we not just go and kill ourselves? His response, teased out over the course of a hundred pages, is the concept of ‘most living’. Best Living versus Most Living The existentialist idea that life is ‘absurd’, that there is no inherent meaning in the universe, means that there can be no such thing as universal morality. The only problem is that this leaves us with no road map for life. Without universal morality, there is no model existence for us to strive to follow: Jesus was just another guy. There is no such thing as ‘best living’. But the only thing more absurd than the absurdity of life is taking the absurdity of life so seriously that you would kill yourself to avoid it. And, if the course of ‘best living’ is no longer open to us, as it was to our believing forefathers, then the only course of life that we can pursue is ‘most living’. Most Living at its Most And this is why we choose to spend twelve hours cycling overnight to the seaside, when we could be asleep and dreaming. This is why we choose to spend six months battling across the high seas in a dinghy with four holes in the hull, when we could just fire off a petition or two to parliament. It’s not about finding the best way to spend our Saturday night, or finding the best way to raise awareness of the plight of the Syrians – because the mythical best does not exist. It’s about investing in our present moments the most we can. That is all we can do to rage against the absurdity of our life and our inevitable death. And there was no greater ‘most’ way that I could have spent my Saturday night. There is no greater ‘most’ way for Simon and Maria to demonstrate their solidarity with the people of Syria. These are heroic challenges that take every ounce of strength. It is most living at its most. Rowing a sixteen-foot dinghy under thunderous skies: insignificance is no obstacle to most living. From Theoretical Philosophy to Practical Psychology In The Myth of Sisyphus, Camus implores us not to commit suicide, either physical or philosophical. He encourages us to throw ourselves into life with full force: as Don Juan, as Conquering Hero, as Stage Actor – without losing sight of the ultimate absurdity of our actions. Yes, Camus was an optimist. You may, as a rigorous philosopher, be able to pick holes in his argument. It’s not the most logical I’ve ever heard. But that hardly matters now. What matters is that, half a century later, psychologists are offering some tantalising evidence of quite how accurate his dichotomy between best living and most living was. Carol Dweck and the Growth Mindset Carol Dweck has been researching motivation, personality and development for many years, at Colombia, Harvard and now at Stanford. In the course of her research, she has discovered that the human brain approaches the various challenges of life through one of two mindsets: the fixed mindset and the growth mindset. The fixed mindset follows patterns of thought like this: 1. (MINDSET) Artistic talent is fixed, it can’t be improved. You’re either born with it, or you’re not. 2. (OBSERVATION OF THE WORLD) When I try to draw the still life of an apple, it looks nothing like an apple. 3. (CONCLUSION) I have no artistic talent and I might as well never bother trying to draw an apple every again. The growth mindset follows patterns of thought like this: 1. (MINDSET) Artistic talent is something that you can improve through hard work and practice. 3. (CONCLUSION) If I want to be able to draw an apple, all I have to do is put in the hours and practice. In both cases, the challenge is the same and both people realise that they’re bad at drawing. But only the person with the growth mindset will ever do anything to improve themselves. It gets worse. It got better, actually. For those most living, that is. For those best living, all that was left was knee surgery. Fixed Mindset and the Fear of Failure The fixed mindset also breeds fear: the fear of failure. If intelligence or strength or artistic talent is fixed, then any failure is final. If you have built your self-image around being superb at drawing the still life of an apple – and you lose the annual still life of an apple contest, then what are you? Any opportunity to be judged becomes an existential crisis and you will cease seeking out new challenges. This has the effect of shrinking the fixed mindset’s world until it only participates in the smallest fields of endeavour, where success is guaranteed. The growth mindset, on the other hand, sees failure as an opportunity to learn. Any new challenge, opponent or obstacle is great fun because it is only by failing that you are able to improve and grow. A growth mindset says yes to everything, even when failure is almost certain. A growth mindset is greedy for new experiences, for shocks and jolts and tests and obstacles and difficulties. Growth Mindset and Most Living The fixed mindset is focussed on judging others and on being judged. Success is measured in concrete successes; a zero-sum game in a finite, competitive world. The growth mindset is focussed on learning and helping others learn. Success is measured in growth; an infinite horizon in a world with so many secrets. The fixed mindset is obsessed with being the best in life. The growth mindset is obsessed with getting the most out of life. The fixed mindset yearns for a mythical best living. The growth mindset is Camus’ most living. Which mindset would set you out into the world, sailing 3,500 miles in an absurd attempt to raise awareness of a crisis that you can never alleviate? Which mindset would put you into a thousand-strong bike ride through the night, knowing that you’ll end up with broken knees, sleep deprivation and a £100 taxi fare? Which mindset would you choose? Under open skies and an empty sea. What could be more than most living? If you liked this post, then you’ll almost certainly enjoy my newsletter. You can check out the most recent issue on Substack. See ya there - dc: David Charles is co-writer of BBC radio sitcom Foiled. He also writes for The Bike Project, Thighs of Steel, and the Elevate Festival. He blogs at davidcharles.info. View all posts by David Posted on July 22, 2014 December 27, 2016 Author DavidCategories CyclingTags Britain, Happiness, Middle East and North Africa One thought on “Most Living and the Meaning of Life: Sailing 3,500 Miles for Syria8 minute read” Pingback: I believe in Rejection! – David Charles Previous Previous post: The Complete History of the Moon in Sixteen and a Half Verses Next Next post: HELP! Cycling Around Britain Book Title Poll	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0125.json.gz/line1105
__label__wiki	0.989254	0.989254	Category: IN FOCUS DQ explores scripted dramas and their journey from pitch to production, speaking to showrunners, writers, directors and stars about how the show came to life. The previously untold story of how hundreds of children came to the UK from concentration camps at the end of the Second World War is dramatised in The Windermere Children, a stark and poignant film commissioned to mark the 75th anniversary of the liberation of Auschwitz. Shaking up Shakespeare Reynaldo Gianecchini, one of the stars of Brazilian melodrama Dulce Ambición (Sweet Diva), and director Amora Mautner open up about making the telenovela and its take on the classic Romeo & Juliet love story. Danish drama Når støvet har lagt sig (When the Dust Settles) sees a disparate group of characters brought together by a devastating terrorist attack in Copenhagen. DQ finds out why this isn’t another Nordic noir. Straight from The Heartless Screenwriter Lucie Barât and her brother, The Libertines co-frontman Carl, are behind a music drama showcasing Britain’s indie scene in the early noughties. DQ spoke to the siblings about developing the show with RubyRock Pictures’ Zoë Rocha. Philippe De Schepper, showrunner of Belgian drama Blackout, and producer Helen Perquy take DQ inside this thriller set at a time when the country is plunged into darkness. Turning the Scrooge British screenwriter Steven Knight has reinvented A Christmas Carol for the BBC and FX. DQ speaks to some of the creative team to find out why this isn’t Peaky Blinders meets The Muppets. Documentary maker Nick Holt is moving into drama for the first time with Skins writer Sean Buckley on BBC2’s one-off Responsible Child, based on a tremendously challenging real-life trial of a young boy. DQ met them. Spectacular viewing Described as ‘Friends with a twist,’ Israeli drama On the Spectrum has won numerous awards for its depiction of three housemates who all have autism. DQ meets the co-creator and stars. Missing memories BBC single drama Elizabeth is Missing offers viewers a gripping mystery as well as profound insight into how living with dementia affects one woman and her family, as writer Andrea Gibb and executive producer Sarah Brown explain. Back with a vengeance After a 20-year absence, Rebecca Gibney is reprising her role as forensic psychiatrist Jane Halifax in Australian crime drama Halifax: Retribution. The star and series creator Roger Simpson tell DQ how the show has evolved to meet modern TV viewing habits. Flemish series Grenslanders (Floodland) sets a crime mystery against a unique backdrop as investigators from Belgium and the Netherlands join forces in this cross-border drama. Rogue caller Sally Lindsay’s out for revenge in psychological drama Cold Call, in which she plays the unwitting victim of telephone fraudsters who is pushed to increasing extremes in her pursuit of justice. Murder in Vienna Period crime drama Vienna Blood stands out as a unique European project, an adaptation of Frank Tallis’s novels that has been produced in English for German and Austrian broadcasters. DQ finds out more. Science fiction crashes into Edwardian England in The War of the Worlds, a new BBC adaptation of HG Wells’ iconic 1897 novel. Writer Peter Harness, executive producer Damien Timmer and director Craig Viveiros tell DQ how they took this futuristic story back to its period setting. Welsh noir Craith (Hidden) finds new shades of light and dark in a fresh urban setting for its second season, but with new terrors to uncover, the crime drama promises to be as menacing as ever. Facing the truth A father’s desperate attempt to uncover the truth about his daughter’s death takes Danish drama Forhøret (Face to Face) beyond the traditional Nordic noir tropes. Materials world Based on Philip Pullman’s acclaimed novels, HBO and BBC drama His Dark Materials aims to set a new benchmark for fantasy series. The cast and writer Jack Thorne reveal their approach to writing and filming the adaptation. Downton Abbey star Laura Carmichael heads down under to star in psychological thriller The Secrets She Keeps. The actor and Helen Bowden, producer, tell DQ about adapting Michael Rowbotham’s novel and filming in Sydney. Dark tales Known for her frequent Agatha Christie adaptations, writer Sarah Phelps reveals how she transformed Tana French’s Irish crime novels into BBC drama Dublin Murders. Dangerous new world An eclectic group of characters must face their own fears and flaws – as well as aliens – in The War of the Worlds, a modern update of HG Wells’ iconic story for France’s Canal+ and Fox Networks Group Europe and Africa.	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0125.json.gz/line1108
__label__wiki	0.848097	0.848097	Details about Michael R. Ward Homepage: http://www.uta.edu/faculty/mikeward/ Workplace: Department of Economics, College of Business Administration, University of Texas-Arlington, (more information at EDIRC) Access statistics for papers by Michael R. Ward. Short-id: pwa282 Jump to Journal Articles Mobile telecommunications infrastructure and economic growth: Evidence from China 25th European Regional ITS Conference, Brussels 2014, International Telecommunications Society (ITS) Susceptibility and influence in social media word-of-mouth ZEW Discussion Papers, ZEW - Leibniz Centre for European Economic Research View citations (1) Strategic timing of entry: Evidence from video games Does time spent playing video games crowd out time spent studying? 23rd European Regional ITS Conference, Vienna 2012, International Telecommunications Society (ITS) View citations (1) Understanding the effects of violent video games on violent crime A Direct Test of the Homevoter Hypothesis Working Papers, International Association of Sports Economists View citations (6) See also Journal Article in Journal of Urban Economics (2008) Teaching Digital Piracy Working Papers, University of Texas at Arlington, Department of Economics View citations (1) Rural Telecommunications Subsidies Do Not Help Working Papers, University of Texas at Arlington, Department of Economics See also Journal Article in Journal of Regional Analysis and Policy (2007) THE EFFECTS OF E-RATE IT SUBSIDIES IN EDUCATION The Impact of Stadium Announcements on Residential Property Values: Evidence from a Natural Experiment in Dallas-Fort Worth Also in Working Papers, University of Texas at Arlington, Department of Economics (2006) See also Journal Article in Contemporary Economic Policy (2007) Fixed-Mobile Telephone Subscription Substitution in the U.S PRICE EFFECTS FROM RETAIL GASOLINE MERGERS Rationalizing the E-Rate: The Effects of Subsidizing IT in Education Working Papers, NET Institute “BRANDED GENERICS” AS A STRATEGY TO LIMIT CANNIBALIZATION OF PHARMACEUTICAL MARKETS See also Journal Article in Managerial and Decision Economics (2007) Violent Video Games and Violent Crime Southern Economic Journal, 2016, 82, (4), 1247-1265 View citations (2) Learning to surf: Spillovers in the adoption of the Internet Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 2012, 79, (8), 1474-1483 Mobile and fixed substitution for telephone service in China Telecommunications Policy, 2012, 36, (4), 301-310 View citations (14) Property Rights Institutions and Firm Performance: A Cross-Country Analysis World Development, 2011, 39, (4), 648-661 View citations (13) The effects of market liberalization and privatization on Chinese telecommunications China Economic Review, 2011, 22, (2), 210-220 View citations (8) Using patent citation patterns to infer innovation market competition Research Policy, 2011, 40, (6), 886-894 View citations (9) VIDEO GAMES AND CRIME Contemporary Economic Policy, 2011, 29, (2), 261-273 View citations (2) The effect of prices on fixed and mobile telephone penetration: Using price subsidies as natural experiments Information Economics and Policy, 2010, 22, (1), 18-32 View citations (24) Video Games and Adolescent Fighting Journal of Law and Economics, 2010, 53, (3), 611 - 628 View citations (2) Journal of Urban Economics, 2008, 64, (1), 155-170 View citations (68) See also Working Paper (2007) 'Branded Generics' as a strategy to limit cannibalization of pharmaceutical markets Managerial and Decision Economics, 2007, 28, (4-5), 251-265 View citations (7) Journal of Regional Analysis and Policy, 2007, 37, (1), 3 View citations (1) THE IMPACT OF STADIUM ANNOUNCEMENTS ON RESIDENTIAL PROPERTY VALUES: EVIDENCE FROM A NATURAL EXPERIMENT IN DALLAS‐FORT WORTH Contemporary Economic Policy, 2007, 25, (4), 627-638 View citations (24) Generic Drug Industry Dynamics The Review of Economics and Statistics, 2005, 87, (1), 37-49 View citations (69) Recent Empirical Evidence on Discrimination by Regulated Firms Review of Network Economics, 2002, 1, (1), 1-15 View citations (8) Will Online Shopping Compete More with Traditional Retailing or Catalog Shopping? Netnomics, 2001, 3, (2), 103-117 View citations (12) Discriminatory Dealing with Downstream Competitors: Evidence from the Cellular Industry Journal of Industrial Economics, 2000, 48, (3), 253-86 View citations (12) Product Substitutability and Competition in Long-Distance Telecommunications Economic Inquiry, 1999, 37, (4), 657-77 View citations (7) Vertical Integration in Cable Television. David Waterman and Andrew A. Weiss Review of Industrial Organization, 1998, 13, (5), 609-612 The Effect of the Internet on Political Institutions Industrial and Corporate Change, 1996, 5, (4), 1127-41 View citations (1) The influence of regulation on marginal factor cost: Access markets in U.S. telecommunications Information Economics and Policy, 1996, 8, (2), 95-106 View citations (1) The Vertical Chain of Research and Development in the Pharmaceutical Industry Economic Inquiry, 1995, 33, (1), 70-87 View citations (15) Going mobile: substitutability between fixed and mobile access Telecommunications Policy, 27, (5-6), 457-476 View citations (45)	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0125.json.gz/line1112
__label__wiki	0.837149	0.837149	In New TV Ad, Gillespie Highlights Commitment to Building a Safer, Stronger Virginia; Northam’s Risky Policies on Public Safety With concerns about public safety and gang violence growing in the Commonwealth, 2017 Republican gubernatorial nominee Ed Gillespie’s campaign today released its new television ad, “Ralph Northam’s Risky Policies.” The ad highlights Gillespie’s commitment to building a safer, stronger Virginia, and Democrat nominee Ralph Northam’s vote against banning the establishment of sanctuary cities in Virginia. “The first job of a governor is to ensure public safety; keeping communities, schools, businesses and public gathering places safe. Ralph Northam’s policy in favor of sanctuary cities in our Commonwealth will not make Virginians safer,” said campaign manager Chris Leavitt. “Ed is proud to be the son of an immigrant, and knows we can both welcome legal immigrants and enforce our laws at the same time. As governor, Ed will stand with our law enforcement and first responders, protect Virginia from those who wish to do us harm, ensure that sanctuary cities that are a safe haven for violent criminals here illegally are never allowed in the Commonwealth, and combat violent gangs like MS-13 that The Washington Post recently reported as seeing a ‘resurgence’ in the state. Ed included a ban on sanctuary cities in his detailed plan to combat gangs.” “Ed Gillespie understands that if we do not take action to eradicate gang violence now, it will grow into more communities,” said Former Virginia Attorney General Jerry Kilgore. “We need immediate action and Ed will bring important leadership and experience to Virginia’s public safety agencies. Ed will be a strong governor who will put the public safety first.” York County-Poquoson Sheriff Danny Diggs said, “As a law enforcement officer with over 30 years of experience, I know what it takes to keep Virginia safe. Ed Gillespie will be a governor who is tough on crime and respects the rule of law. Ed will ban sanctuary cities and work with Virginia law enforcement to deport dangerous illegal immigrants who have committed crimes. Ed Gillespie will get tough on illegal immigration and help keep Virginia families safe.” Speaking about Gillespie’s public safety plan, Stafford County Sheriff David P. Decatur said, “Northern Virginia is experiencing a drastic increase in gang violence, and our next governor must address this serious issue with a sense of urgency. I know Ed has this sense of urgency, and he is the only candidate in the race who is putting forward real solutions to improve our public safety. We need his leadership.” In what Politico noted was an “open race to the left,” during the Democratic gubernatorial primary Lieutenant Governor Ralph Northam voted against House Bill 2000, which would prohibit localities from adopting ordinances or policies refusing to enforce federal immigration laws. Northam stands by his policy of not banning them today. Gillespie would support and sign this legislation, as it is an important measure to keep Virginians safe and enforce the law. The Washington Post recently noted, “MS-13 has been going through a resurgence in the D.C. area in recent months. It has been tied to killings in Montgomery, Fairfax and Prince William counties and a surge in other crimes” (The Washington Post, 8/14/17). The Virginian Pilot Editorial Board wrote, “For everything Norfolk can celebrate today — all of the progress and the revitalization, the new destinations for tourists and the new business ventures — the violence in recent months threatens it all, and the city must make addressing it priority one” (The Virginian Pilot, 8/18/17). Last month, Gillespie released Job One: Keeping Virginia Safe. A key focus of Gillespie’s plan is gang prevention and eradication, but it is impossible to do so without discussing MS-13 and it’s impact in Virginia. A gang like MS-13 preys mostly on our illegal, legal and first-generation immigrant community. While gang-related violence continues to impact the Commonwealth, some localities seek to establish sanctuary cities, creating potential safe harbors for these gangs by limiting the amount of information local governments can provide to federal immigration law enforcement officials. As governor, Ed will sign legislation to make sure every city, county and town follows the law so there are no sanctuary cities in Virginia. Gillespie will also designate the Attorney General to Serve as the Commonwealth’s Anti-Gang Chief, secure funding for the Northern Virginia Regional Gang Task Force, ban Sanctuary Cities in Virginia, expand the “Youthful Offender Program” at the Virginia Department of Corrections, ensure the continuation of school resource officers (SROs) in schools, pursue funding of the Witness Protection Programs in violent gang activity, establish Gang Prevention Programming at Department of Education, and develop Alternative Educational Opportunities for Known Gang Members. Earlier this month, the Virginia Police Benevolent Association endorsed Gillespie, citing his detailed policies to reform the mental health system, combat the opioid epidemic, eradicate gangs, ban sanctuary cities, reinstate Project Exile, and increase law enforcement pay. Watch Gillespie’s newest ad HERE. Narrator 1: Who will keep your family safe? Ralph Northam cast the deciding vote in favor of sanctuary cities that let illegal immigrants who commit crimes back on the street. Ralph Northam, risky policies. Narrator 2: Endorsed by the Virginia Police Benevolent Association and 55 sheriffs, Ed Gillespie will ban sanctuary cities and get tough on illegal immigration. Ed Gillespie for a safer, stronger Virginia. Ed Gillespie: I’m Ed Gillespie, candidate for governor, and I sponsored this ad. BREAKING: The Free-Lance Star Endorses Ed Gillespie for Governor Chuck Todd: “Are all pickup drivers racist?” A Tale of Two Campaigns	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0125.json.gz/line1114
__label__wiki	0.760555	0.760555	About EGAMI P&G OLYMPICS MBIB BELL' AGIO GAIN FLINGS MBIB BGR ROSA REGALE TARGET HOLIDAY P&G BOUNTY HENNESSY ARTISTRY VERIZON HHM VERIZON HBCU VERIZON HBCU ULTIMATE REIGN COMPETITION Verizon is an On Purpose company because it makes a concerted effort to respect, acknowledge and celebrate African American history and the successful contributions of its leaders. EGAMI was tasked with creating a meaningful program for Verizon that would ignite excitement and engagement with African Americans in celebration of Black History Month. EGAMI knows that African American heritage is important and Historically Black Colleges and Universities (HBCU) are a deeply entrenched in heritage as part of their culture. By leveraging relevant cultural traditions with HBCU communities at large, EGAMI knew it could help Verizon (VZ) make an impact. EGAMI engineered a competition, fueled by Verizon, for HBCU “Queens and Kings” tasked with creating videos highlighting Verizon products and services at work in helping them support and raise awareness for their school’s community service projects, as well as to promote school pride. Video entries were posted on a designated page within VZ Insider for students and their followers to cast their votes to compete for a chance to win cash and prizes. Queens and Kings were provided toolkits with VZW branded marketing materials to be used to mobilize their campaign during Homecoming/football season, and participants were motivated to lead campaigns to rally their student body, campus organizations, faculty/staff, alumni, campus publications/radio and communities for support. The Queen or King with the most votes was awarded more than $20,000 in cash and prizes to be used towards their community platform and educational careers. More than 80 percent of HBCUs participated in the competition over two years, and program promotions at HBCUs in the homecoming season yielded grass roots local media impressions of more than 300,000, more than 17,000 Verizon product demos and nearly 1,000 app downloads. In addition, the VZ Insider site generated more than 4 million impressions, and EGAMI earned nearly 16 million media impressions across local and national outlets. Illustrations by Nicole Updegraff © 2019 Egami Group Inc. We Have Moved & Expanded!! Our new office is located at 212 W. 35th Street, 10th Floor, NY, NY 10001	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0125.json.gz/line1116
__label__cc	0.620759	0.379241	Whether you are looking for nurseries, childminders or out of school clubs, these pages will point you in the right direction. We can provide information on childcare costs, free early education places, information for young carers and support for disabled children and young people. See the Useful Inforamtion… Coercive control is a term used to describe a pattern of behaviour which seeks to take away a victims sense of liberty or freedom, to strip away their sense of self. It strips away integrity but also an individual’s human rights. Coercive Control includes a… We all feel different emotions throughout our lives. Sometimes we might feel happy, excited, lucky or proud and sometimes we might feel sad, down, worried or scared. Usually these bad feelings go away eventually by themselves, but sometimes you feel sad, down and hopeless for… Early Years Pupil Premium Did you know your childcare provider may beentitled to £300 additional funding to improvethe early education of your 3 or 4 year old? Additional funding for your child Childcare providers can claim up to an additional £300 per year to spend onenriching your 3 or… These pages contain a range of support services for different areas of family life. including services to support young people. Use the filters above to search for the area relevant to you. Feeling Lonely Feeling lonely doesn’t always mean you are alone, you can be surrounded by people and still feel like you’re own your own. There are lots of reasons why you may feel alone including: Moved to a new school or to live in a new town/city… Free Early Education For 3 & 4 Year Olds What is it? Three and four year old children are entitled to receive 15 hours of free early education per week, 38 weeks per year. This can be administered over three terms or stretched out to suit your needs. How to get it Your child’s… Free Early Learning for 2 Year Olds The funding of free early education/childcare places for 2 year olds aims to support the most vulnerable and excluded families and improve outcomes for the most disadvantaged children. Parents or carers of 2 year olds who meet the criteria (below) can access an early education grant to… Free Early Learning for 3 and 4 Year olds What is it? Three and four year old children are entitled receive 15 hours of free early education per week, 38 weeks per year. This can be administered over three terms or stretched out to suit your needs. How to get it Your child’s nursery… Guides for using the Directory Please download the guide appropriate to your needs.	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0125.json.gz/line1117
__label__wiki	0.546469	0.546469	The Yes Album by Yes. I'm well aware I'm on dodgy ground here. Despite some recent artists releasing albums of a vaguely "prog" nature (most obviously Radiohead and, more recently, Muse) progressive rock still has a bit of a dodgy image, conjuring up images of Rick Wakeman and his capes, banks of keyboards and The Six Wives of Henry VIII On Ice, and Peter Gabriel dressed as a sunflower. And Yes, being the poster boys for the whole progressive rock movement, get the brunt of the criticism. But....this is a great album. It's the first "proper" album by the fully-formed line up, released early in 1971, and for all that it displays all the hallmarks of prog rock (toe-stubbing key and tempo changes in mid-song, multi-part "symphonic" songs, or, to put it another way, lots of unrelated songs glued together at random), the overwhelming impression is one of sheer manic unbridled energy. You can hear this in the introduction to the first song Yours Is No Disgrace; crunchy guitar riff from Steve Howe, steaming organ from Tony Kaye, and then Chris Squire's bassline driving things along, despite playing about four times as many notes as most bass players would deem appropriate. Even the trademark lyrical nonsense from Jon Anderson about "shining flying purple wolfhounds" can't put a damper on things. The multi-part Starship Trooper is the best thing on the album, mainly because of Steve Howe's hypnotic space-rock guitar instrumental Wurm which takes up the last three minutes or so. Jon Anderson's A Venture is the album's weak spot, a bit whimsical for my taste, but the nine minutes of Perpetual Change finishes things off in style. In most ways it's the most orthodox rock song on the album, but even then they can't resist throwing in a squelchy polyrhythmic synthesiser and drum interlude about five minutes in, just to make absolutely sure no-one can do anything as frivolous as dance or tap their feet along to it. This is the high water mark of Yes's career - the next album Fragile sowed the seeds of their doom by allowing each band member an individual "showcase" song to show off as they saw fit. It was a short step from there to Tales From Topographic Oceans (one album, two LPs, four songs), capes, King Arthur on ice, etc. But if it wasn't for this, punk would never have had to happen, and the course of popular music, and indeed popular culture, might have been very different. So.....think on. expectorated into a chrome spittoon by electrichalibut at 10:20 PM Labels: albums of the day, music albums of the day two whales in a train last one today, honest sloe, sloe, noodle, eel, sloe Oh my lack of God! getting hands-on with a futon exciting blog news crying, while eating, but not praying, in front of... strangely similar slapheads television reviews, if you want them assorted observations dugongs do not eat biltong; that would be wrong A lives in B, eats C, tastes of D tart! spooooooooky laughing like a.... lists of the day	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0125.json.gz/line1119
__label__cc	0.680791	0.319209	Thank you for visiting Introducing Elizabeth Olsen, your online resource dedicated to American actress Elizabeth Olsen. You may know Elizabeth from her role in "Martha, Marcy, May, Marlene", "Godzilla", "Avengers: Age of Ultron" and many more. It is our aim to bring you all the latest news updates, photos, information and much more on Elizabeth's career. We hope you enjoy your stay and don't forget to bookmark us! Home > Movie Productions > I Saw the Light (2015) > Blu-Ray Captures Filename: 1069.jpg Album name: Admin / Blu-Ray Captures URL: https://elizabetholsen.org/gallery/displayimage.php?pid=19575 © Introducing Elizabeth Olsen • elizabetholsen.org / Designed by NWL9 Design / Powered by Coppermine Photo Gallery Introducing Elizabeth Olsen is a fansite dedicated to American actress Elizabeth Olsen and is in no way affiliated with Elizabeth herself or her representatives. Original content and layout © Introducing Elizabeth Olsen. All photos, videos and other media files are copyrighted to their rightful owners. Please email us before taking any legal action. Flaunt Network \| DMCA \| Privacy Policy	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0125.json.gz/line1121
__label__cc	0.723393	0.276607	Suspension of the LF Woodford Equity Income Fund By Aimee Petts As you no doubt would have heard, dealing in shares in the LF Woodford Equity Income Fund (a sub-fund of LF Woodford Investment Fund, an Investment Company with Variable Capital) (the “Fund”) have ben suspended until further notice. You can view the official statement for financial advisers here. Short Q&A for investors in the Fund Q. I have clients invested in the Fund on the Embark platform, what does the suspension mean for them? A. As a result of the announcement the Fund has been set to 'non-tradeable' on the Embark platform. This means that no trading in the Fund - requests to redeem, purchase or transfer shares - can't be actioned until further notice. Q. I placed trades for the fund, before I knew about the suspension. What will happen to those trades? A. Any requests to redeem, purchase or transfer shares in the Fund attempted since the suspension was initiated will be cancelled by us. You will receive a notification of the cancelled trades. Q. Why was the suspension enacted? A. Due to an increased level of redemptions, the decision was taken to suspend trading as a way of protecting the investors in the Fund by allowing Woodford time to reposition the element of the fund’s portfolio invested in unquoted and less liquid stocks, into more liquid investments. Q. What can I tell my clients? A. Please communicate this messaging to your clients as you see fit. Experience shows that during times like these, it is better over-communicate rather than under-communicate. We will keep you updated as we hear anything further. In the interim, if you have any queries please don't hesitate to contact the Client Service team on 0330 024 2345 (available Monday to Friday, 9.00am to 5.00pm) or via email to service@embarkplatform.co.uk. Be the first to hear news and insights from Embark Platform By submitting this form you are agreeing to our website privacy notice and terms of use. Yes, I would like to receive occasional news and information about products, services and special offers from the Embark Group. Please consult our privacy notice for more information.	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0125.json.gz/line1122
__label__wiki	0.503788	0.503788	TERRIBLE! TERRIBLE! FAKE NEWS FAKE NEWS YUGE! YUGE! Tag Archives: Brian Kolfage Brian Kolfage Liberal Judge FAILS To Halt Privately Funded Border Wall Construction! by Doyle Alexander December 8, 2019, 7:27 pm in Conservative Headlines, Immigration Construction of a private section of border wall in Mission, Texas, is continuing despite a district judge’s Tuesday decision to temporarily block the work, The Guardian reported Saturday. The expected 3.5-mile-long private section of border wall is being funded by We Build the Wall, a nonprofit organization founded by U.S. Air Force Veteran and Purple […] More Want more Trump news? Get the best news straight to your inbox! Media Pushing Fake News That Border Wall Isn’t Being Built And ‘Build The Wall’ Founder Just CALLED Them OUT by A.M. Smith November 26, 2019, 8:34 am in Immigration When it comes to the construction of a privately funded border wall allegedly being brought to a halt, the founder of We Build the Wall says that’s not the case. As news outlets reported that the organization had to stop its construction of the wall along the U.S.-Mexico border, founder Brian Kolfage denounced it as “fake news.” Kolfage has […] More The Section Of Private Border Wall Ordered Open By The Gov’t Is Once Again SECURELY CLOSED! by Doyle Alexander June 12, 2019, 9:33 pm in Conservative Headlines The privately funded portion of the U.S.-Mexico border wall is now fully secure and closed again after one of its gates had been ordered to remain open until disputes about waterway access could be resolved. “Our border wall & gate are secure again and we still have not had a single breach. I want to […] More BREAKING: An International Commission Just LOCKED OPEN The Gate To Brian Kolfage’s Wall! YES! TERRIBLE! YUGE! The border wall that was built on private land by Kolfage’s “We Build The Wall” group is now being nullified by an international group who has ordered the gate to be locked open indefinitely, allowing illegals to easily pass through: THE HILL – Officials have ordered a privately funded section of wall on the U.S.-Mexico border […] More Brian Kolfage Releases Video Of ARMED Cartel Thug Smuggling Illegals Past Incomplete Border Wall! The patchy wall on the southern border is proving to be completely ineffective, as illegal immigrants know the end locations of the barriers and simply walk around them. BREAKING: we caught video of armed cartel member walking illegals into the USA. He’s packing a gun in waist, then walks back into Mexico captured in Sunland […] More Downvotes percentage: 100.000000% 15 Armed Cartel Gunmen Threatened Kolfage’s Construction Crew, But DIDN’T SUCCEED! by Doyle Alexander June 1, 2019, 2:10 pm in Conservative Headlines Brian Kolfage, the veteran who started the viral We Build The Wall organization, revealed that cartel gunmen approached border wall construction crews brandishing rifles last night, seeking to intimidate them and prevent them from continuing the border wall construction. Kolfage, the triple-amputee Air Force veteran and Purple Heart recipient who started the viral We Build […] More American Patriots Build The FIRST Privately Funded Mile Of The Border Wall! YES! LOVE by Doyle Alexander May 28, 2019, 1:54 pm in Conservative Headlines Remember the GoFundMe started by Brian Kolfage that was trying to raise a billion dollars to build Trump’s wall? It was reported that it got shut down by GoFundMe themselves, but apparently not. Well now the group that runs the GoFundMe page, which includes Steve Bannon and Kris Kobach, has built one mile of wall […] More Americans Converge On Texas – ‘Politicians DON’T CARE, So We Will Build Our Own Wall!’ by Doyle Alexander February 4, 2019, 3:02 pm in Conservative Headlines What started as an online fundraiser to provide President Donald Trump with donations for his southern border wall has morphed into a foundation whose members vow to build a wall themselves. The “We The People Will Build the Wall” campaign has surpassed $20 million since it was created in December by Air Force veteran and […] More War Vet Border Wall Champion, Brian Kolfage, Holds Pelosi To Her Word – She Better Put Her Money Where Her Mouth Is! by Doyle Alexander January 6, 2019, 4:09 pm in Conservative Headlines A triple amputee war veteran who created a GoFundMe page to collect funds to build a barrier on the U.S.-Mexico border tried to make House Speaker Nancy Pelosi put her money where her mouth was. The California Democrat last week mockingly said she’d give a single dollar for the barrier that President Trump has been […] More Air Force Vet Kickstarts GoFundMe Account For The Border Wall, And It’s Raising Some SERIOUS CASH! YES! TERRIBLE! LOVE by Doyle Alexander December 19, 2018, 8:32 pm in Conservative Headlines Brian Kolfage, a triple-amputee Air Force veteran who hails from Florida, has decided to set up a GoFundMe page to raise money for the U.S.-Mexico border wall. In just three days, Kolfage has raised more than $950,000. What are the details? Kolfage created the campaign on Sunday, which is titled, “We the People Will Fund the Wall.” […] More Categories Select CategoryBusinessConservative HeadlinesEducationElectionElection 2016Election 2020EntertainmentFeaturedGovernmentHealth & MedicineImmigrationLaw & OrderMilitaryOpinion PollsPoliticsQuizzesRadical IslamReligionSecond AmendmentSocial JusticeSportsThe SoapboxUncategorizedViral	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0125.json.gz/line1125
__label__wiki	0.784462	0.784462	Television comedy had a presence from the earliest days of broadcasting. Among the earliest BBC television programmes in the 1930s was Starlight, which offered a series of guests from the music hall era — singers and comedians amongst them. Similarly, many early United States television programs were variety shows including the Texaco Star Theater featuring Milton Berle; comedy acts often taken from vaudeville were staples of such shows. The range of television comedy is extremely broad to the extent that anything under the heading comedy can be put before an audience through the medium of television. However, it is true to say that certain genres of comedy transfer to the small screen more successfully than others. Many cartoon television comedies have been produced and aired. These include the likes of The Simpsons, South Park, Futurama, Family Guy and The Cleveland Show. 1 Situation comedy 2 Comedy-drama 3 Sketch comedy 4 Stand-up comedy 5 Improvisational comedy 6 Gameshow comedy 7 Animated cartoon Main article: Situation comedy The situation comedy, or sitcom, has been the most common, successful and culturally significant type of television comedy. As the name suggests, these programs feature recurring characters placed in humorous situations. The first television sitcom was Pinwright's Progress, ten episodes being broadcast on the BBC between 1946 - 1947.[1][2][3] Since the early 1950s with I Love Lucy in the US and Hancock's Half Hour in Britain, sitcoms have always had a special place in the hearts of viewers and gathered highly devoted followers, as the familiar characters often become beloved. Often performed before a live audience (or, in some cases, a simulated live audience in the form of a laugh track), usually filmed or taped with a multiple-camera setup, and almost always a half-hour in length, sitcoms are seldom presented as realistic depictions of life but often generate honest humor through the relationships between and ongoing development of characters. Since the debut of I Love Lucy television has never been without sitcoms and they have often been the most popular and lucrative of all program types. Even in the early 2000s, the cast of the NBC sitcom Friends were among television's highest paid performers. Comedy-drama Main article: Comedy-drama A comedy-drama, sometimes known as a dramedy, is a program that combines humor with more serious dramatic elements, aiming for a considerably more realistic tone than conventional sitcoms. These programs are shot with a single-camera setup and presented without a laugh track, and typically run an hour in length. This can refer to a genre of television or radio drama series. There are several notable dramedies, varying in different subgenres. This includes dramedies like Desperate Housewives, Parenthood and Ugly Betty, medical dramedies like MAS*H and Grey's Anatomy, legal dramedies like Ally McBeal and Boston Legal, and Glee - probably the first musical dramedy. Main article: Sketch comedy Sketch comedy programs differ from sitcoms in that they do not basically feature recurring characters (though some characters and scenarios may be repeated) and often draw upon current events and emphasize satire over character development. Sketch comedy was pioneered by Sid Caesar, whose Your Show of Shows debuted in 1950 and established many conventions of the genre. American sketch comedy reached a later peak in the mid-1970s with the debut of Saturday Night Live, originally a variety program but soon devoted mostly to sketches. In the UK, two of the more successful examples are Monty Python's Flying Circus and Little Britain. Main article: Stand-up comedy Stand-up comedy has been fairly well represented on television. Stand-up comedians have long been a staple of variety and late-night talk shows; indeed, talk-variety shows such as The Tonight Show traditionally open with a comedy monologue performed by the program host. Television stand-up reached a peak of popularity on British schedules with the immensely popular ITV programme The Comedians. Their style of comedy was swept away almost entirely in the Britain of the early 1980s when a new generation of stand-ups challenged what they saw as racist and sexist humour and revolutionised the form under the banner alternative comedy. In the US, stand-up comedy programs became popular on many cable television channels beginning in the mid-1980s, as such "brick wall" shows (nicknamed for the stereotypical use of a fake brick wall as a backdrop) were cheap to produce and air. Stand-up humour later had mixed fortunes on the small screen, often shunted away to the small hours or as part of a larger entertainment extravaganza. Improvisational comedy Main article: Improvisational comedy Improvisational comedy has recently been popular with television audiences on both sides of the Atlantic, most notably with both British and American versions of the program Whose Line is it Anyway?. Gameshow comedy There are many UK comedies in which the format is that of a gameshow, and may give the guests a chance to perform stand up comedy to win a round. Examples of this genre include Have I Got News For You, 8 Out of 10 Cats, Mock the Week and Never Mind the Buzzcocks. Main article: Animated cartoon Animated cartoons have long been a source of comedy on television. Early children's programming often recycled theatrical cartoons; later, low-budget animation produced especially for television dominated Saturday-morning network programming in the US. A few prime-time animated comedies, notably The Flintstones, The Simpsons, Family Guy, successfully mixed attributes of traditional cartoons and sitcoms. In addition to broad comedy program types, comedy often appears on television in much more subtle forms. Comedy is often a necessary part of other programming, particularly drama. Attempts at mixing comedy and drama in various combinations (sometimes known as dramedy) have been attempted over time. Britcom - list of British sitcoms German television comedy List of comedies ^ http://www.comedy.co.uk/guide/tv/pinwrights_progress/ ^ Lewisohn, Mark (2003). "Radio Times Guide to TV Comedy". BBC Worldwide Ltd. ^ http://www.classicsitcoms.co.uk/ Rannow, Jerry (2000). Writing Television Comedy. A History of Comedy on Television: Beginning to 1970 - by Richard F. Taflinger A Bibliography of Books and Articles about television comedy - UC Berkeley Libraries v · d · eComedy Comedian · Comedy (drama) · Humour · Satire · Irony · Device · Timing · Wit · Joke · Word play · Visual gag · Prank call · Impersonator · Impressionist · Club · Festival Album · Double act · Guerrilla improv · Improvisational · Manzai · Music (Rock) · Novel · One-person show · Opera · Pantomime · Radio · Roast · Stand-up · Television (Sitcom) Horror · Parody · Remarriage · Romance · Science fiction · Screwball · Sex · Silent · Slapstick Alternative · Black · Blue · Character · Christian · Comedy-drama · Cringe · Documentary · High / Low · Horror · Insult · Observational · Physical · Property · Science fiction · Shock · Sick · Sketch · Slapstick · Surreal · Tragicomedy · Zombie Category · Portal · WikiProject Comedy television series Television genres HMAS Lae (P 93) German television comedy — German television comedy: Germany has a long tradition of television comedy stretching as far back as the 1950s, and with its origins in cabaret and radio.1970sWhen Otto s first show came out in 1973, it differed in many ways from those of… … Wikipedia Comedy Gold (TV channel) — Comedy Gold Comedy Gold logo Launched September 7, 2001 Owned by Bell Media Picture format 480i (SDTV) Country … Wikipedia Comedy Circus — Logo of Comedy Circus . Format Comedy Country of origin India Langua … Wikipedia Comedy Nation — Genre Sketch comedy Country of origin United Kingdom Language(s) English No. of series 2 Production … Wikipedia comedy on television — Comedy sketch shows are still one of the most popular forms of British television comedy. Earlier sketch shows, like those of Morecombe and Wise, Tommy Cooper, Benny Hill, Ronnie Barker and Ronnie Corbett drew on traditions of music hall and… … Encyclopedia of contemporary British culture Comedy Circus 2 — A promotinal logo image of Comedy Circus 2 . Format Comedy Created by Optimystix Country of … Wikipedia Comedy Circus 3 Ka Tadka — Format Standup comedy Judges Archana Puran Singh Rohit Shetty Country of origin India Language(s) Hindi … Wikipedia Comedy Circus 20 — 20 is a reality based comedy show that brings India s TV celebrities to perform with professional comedian partners on a highly competitive and challenging stage. After the third season billed as Kaante Ki Takkar followed by a non competitive… … Wikipedia Comedy Circus Ke Taansen — Format Comedy Created by Optimystix Country of origin India Language(s) Hindi Production … Wikipedia Comedy Circus Ka Jadoo — Format Comedy Created by Optimystix Country of origin India Language(s) Hindi Production … Wikipedia	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0125.json.gz/line1126
__label__cc	0.526075	0.473925	(-) Remove Greece (0) filter Greece (0) (-) Remove Portugal (1) filter Portugal (1) Displaying 1 - 10 of 41. Show 10 \| 20 results per page. Project acronym 3DCellPhase- Project In situ Structural Analysis of Molecular Crowding and Phase Separation Researcher (PI) Julia MAHAMID Host Institution (HI) EUROPEAN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LABORATORY Call Details Starting Grant (StG), LS1, ERC-2017-STG Summary This proposal brings together two fields in biology, namely the emerging field of phase-separated assemblies in cell biology and state-of-the-art cellular cryo-electron tomography, to advance our understanding on a fundamental, yet illusive, question: the molecular organization of the cytoplasm. Eukaryotes organize their biochemical reactions into functionally distinct compartments. Intriguingly, many, if not most, cellular compartments are not membrane enclosed. Rather, they assemble dynamically by phase separation, typically triggered upon a specific event. Despite significant progress on reconstituting such liquid-like assemblies in vitro, we lack information as to whether these compartments in vivo are indeed amorphous liquids, or whether they exhibit structural features such as gels or fibers. My recent work on sample preparation of cells for cryo-electron tomography, including cryo-focused ion beam thinning, guided by 3D correlative fluorescence microscopy, shows that we can now prepare site-specific ‘electron-transparent windows’ in suitable eukaryotic systems, which allow direct examination of structural features of cellular compartments in their cellular context. Here, we will use these techniques to elucidate the structural principles and cytoplasmic environment driving the dynamic assembly of two phase-separated compartments: Stress granules, which are RNA bodies that form rapidly in the cytoplasm upon cellular stress, and centrosomes, which are sites of microtubule nucleation. We will combine these studies with a quantitative description of the crowded nature of cytoplasm and of its local variations, to provide a direct readout of the impact of excluded volume on molecular assembly in living cells. Taken together, these studies will provide fundamental insights into the structural basis by which cells form biochemical compartments. This proposal brings together two fields in biology, namely the emerging field of phase-separated assemblies in cell biology and state-of-the-art cellular cryo-electron tomography, to advance our understanding on a fundamental, yet illusive, question: the molecular organization of the cytoplasm. Eukaryotes organize their biochemical reactions into functionally distinct compartments. Intriguingly, many, if not most, cellular compartments are not membrane enclosed. Rather, they assemble dynamically by phase separation, typically triggered upon a specific event. Despite significant progress on reconstituting such liquid-like assemblies in vitro, we lack information as to whether these compartments in vivo are indeed amorphous liquids, or whether they exhibit structural features such as gels or fibers. My recent work on sample preparation of cells for cryo-electron tomography, including cryo-focused ion beam thinning, guided by 3D correlative fluorescence microscopy, shows that we can now prepare site-specific ‘electron-transparent windows’ in suitable eukaryotic systems, which allow direct examination of structural features of cellular compartments in their cellular context. Here, we will use these techniques to elucidate the structural principles and cytoplasmic environment driving the dynamic assembly of two phase-separated compartments: Stress granules, which are RNA bodies that form rapidly in the cytoplasm upon cellular stress, and centrosomes, which are sites of microtubule nucleation. We will combine these studies with a quantitative description of the crowded nature of cytoplasm and of its local variations, to provide a direct readout of the impact of excluded volume on molecular assembly in living cells. Taken together, these studies will provide fundamental insights into the structural basis by which cells form biochemical compartments. Project acronym AutoClean Project Cell-free reconstitution of autophagy to dissect molecular mechanisms Researcher (PI) Claudine Simone Kraft Host Institution (HI) UNIVERSITAETSKLINIKUM FREIBURG Call Details Consolidator Grant (CoG), LS1, ERC-2017-COG Summary Autophagy, a lysosomal degradation pathway in which the cell digests its own components, is an essential biological pathway that promotes organismal health and longevity and helps combat cancer and neurodegenerative diseases. Accordingly, the 2016 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine was awarded for research in autophagy. Although autophagy has been extensively studied from yeast to mammals, the molecular events that underlie its induction and progression remain elusive. A highly conserved protein kinase, Atg1, plays a unique and essential role in initiating autophagy, yet despite this pivotal importance it has taken over twenty years for its first downstream target to be discovered. However, whilst our identification of the autophagy related membrane protein Atg9 as the first Atg1 substrate is an important advance, the molecular mechanisms that enable the extensive remodelling of cellular membranes that occurs during autophagy is still completely undefined. A detailed knowledge of the inputs and outputs of the Atg1 kinase will enable us to provide a definitive mechanistic understanding of autophagy. We have devised a novel permeabilized cell assay that reconstitutes the pathway in vitro, allowing us to recapitulate key steps in the autophagic process and thereby determine how the individual steps that lead up to autophagy are controlled. We will use this system to dissect the functional role of Atg1 kinase in autophagosome-vacuole fusion (Objective 1), and to determine the origin of the autophagic membrane and the role of Atg1 in expanding these (Objective 2). To reveal how Atg1/ULK1 kinase is activated in mammalian cells, we will apply the unique and carefully tailored synthetic in vivo approaches that we have recently developed (Objective 3). By focusing on the activation of the Atg1 kinase and the molecular events that it executes, we will be able to explain its central role in regulating the autophagic process and define the mechanistic steps in the pathway. Autophagy, a lysosomal degradation pathway in which the cell digests its own components, is an essential biological pathway that promotes organismal health and longevity and helps combat cancer and neurodegenerative diseases. Accordingly, the 2016 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine was awarded for research in autophagy. Although autophagy has been extensively studied from yeast to mammals, the molecular events that underlie its induction and progression remain elusive. A highly conserved protein kinase, Atg1, plays a unique and essential role in initiating autophagy, yet despite this pivotal importance it has taken over twenty years for its first downstream target to be discovered. However, whilst our identification of the autophagy related membrane protein Atg9 as the first Atg1 substrate is an important advance, the molecular mechanisms that enable the extensive remodelling of cellular membranes that occurs during autophagy is still completely undefined. A detailed knowledge of the inputs and outputs of the Atg1 kinase will enable us to provide a definitive mechanistic understanding of autophagy. We have devised a novel permeabilized cell assay that reconstitutes the pathway in vitro, allowing us to recapitulate key steps in the autophagic process and thereby determine how the individual steps that lead up to autophagy are controlled. We will use this system to dissect the functional role of Atg1 kinase in autophagosome-vacuole fusion (Objective 1), and to determine the origin of the autophagic membrane and the role of Atg1 in expanding these (Objective 2). To reveal how Atg1/ULK1 kinase is activated in mammalian cells, we will apply the unique and carefully tailored synthetic in vivo approaches that we have recently developed (Objective 3). By focusing on the activation of the Atg1 kinase and the molecular events that it executes, we will be able to explain its central role in regulating the autophagic process and define the mechanistic steps in the pathway. Project acronym BUCOPHSYS Project Bottom-up hybrid control and planning synthesis with application to multi-robot multi-human coordination Researcher (PI) DIMOS Dimarogonas Summary Current control applications necessitate the treatment of systems with multiple interconnected components, rather than the traditional single component paradigm that has been studied extensively. The individual subsystems may need to fulfil different and possibly conflicting specifications in a real-time manner. At the same time, they may need to fulfill coupled constraints that are defined as relations between their states. Towards this end, the need for methods for decentralized control at the continuous level and planning at the task level becomes apparent. We aim here towards unification of these two complementary approaches. Existing solutions rely on a top down centralized approach. We instead consider here a decentralized, bottom-up solution to the problem. The approach relies on three layers of interaction. In the first layer, agents aim at coordinating in order to fulfil their coupled constraints with limited communication exchange of their state information and design of appropriate feedback controllers; in the second layer, agents coordinate in order to mutually satisfy their discrete tasks through exchange of the corresponding plans in the form of automata; in the third and most challenging layer, the communication exchange for coordination now includes both continuous state and discrete plan/abstraction information. The results will be demonstrated in a scenario involving multiple (possibly human) users and multiple robots. The unification will yield a completely decentralized system, in which the bottom up approach to define tasks, the consideration of coupled constraints and their combination towards distributed hybrid control and planning in a coordinated fashion require for new ways of thinking and approaches to analysis and constitute the proposal a beyond the SoA and groundbreaking approach to the fields of control and computer science. Current control applications necessitate the treatment of systems with multiple interconnected components, rather than the traditional single component paradigm that has been studied extensively. The individual subsystems may need to fulfil different and possibly conflicting specifications in a real-time manner. At the same time, they may need to fulfill coupled constraints that are defined as relations between their states. Towards this end, the need for methods for decentralized control at the continuous level and planning at the task level becomes apparent. We aim here towards unification of these two complementary approaches. Existing solutions rely on a top down centralized approach. We instead consider here a decentralized, bottom-up solution to the problem. The approach relies on three layers of interaction. In the first layer, agents aim at coordinating in order to fulfil their coupled constraints with limited communication exchange of their state information and design of appropriate feedback controllers; in the second layer, agents coordinate in order to mutually satisfy their discrete tasks through exchange of the corresponding plans in the form of automata; in the third and most challenging layer, the communication exchange for coordination now includes both continuous state and discrete plan/abstraction information. The results will be demonstrated in a scenario involving multiple (possibly human) users and multiple robots. The unification will yield a completely decentralized system, in which the bottom up approach to define tasks, the consideration of coupled constraints and their combination towards distributed hybrid control and planning in a coordinated fashion require for new ways of thinking and approaches to analysis and constitute the proposal a beyond the SoA and groundbreaking approach to the fields of control and computer science. Project acronym CARENET Project Content-Aware Wireless Networks: Fundamental Limits, Algorithms, and Architectures Researcher (PI) Giuseppe CAIRE Summary Wireless communication networks are the essential connectivity tissue of the modern digital age. Wireless data traffic is predicted to increase by almost three orders of magnitude in the next five years. It is unlikely that such increase can be tackled by an incremental “more-of-the-same” approach. This proposal stems from the observation that the killer application for wireless networks is on-demand access to Internet content. CARENET advocates a novel content-aware approach to wireless networks design that can provably solve the scalability problem of current systems, thus supporting the paradigmatic shift “from Gigabits per second for a few to Terabytes per month for all”. CARENET’s vision is to serve an arbitrarily large number of users with bounded transmission resources (bandwidth, number of transmit antennas, and power). The fundamental question is: how can such a per-user throughput scalability be achieved in the presence of on-demand requests, for which users do not access simultaneously the same content? CARENET builds on a novel information theoretic formulation of content-aware networks and on several recent results in information theory, network coding, channel coding, and protocol design, stimulated by the PI’s recent work. Key elements of the proposed content-aware architectures are new caching strategies, where content is stored across the wireless network nodes. These strategies are supported by the ever-growing on-board memory of wireless devices and by the new features of the forthcoming 5G-like technology. Our thesis is that scalability is possible through the novel content-aware design, while it is information-theoretically impossible otherwise. Our overarching goal envisions the delivery of one Terabyte per month to each user at an affordable cost and good Quality of Experience, rather than the traditional Gigabit per second peak rates targeted by conventional technology development. Wireless communication networks are the essential connectivity tissue of the modern digital age. Wireless data traffic is predicted to increase by almost three orders of magnitude in the next five years. It is unlikely that such increase can be tackled by an incremental “more-of-the-same” approach. This proposal stems from the observation that the killer application for wireless networks is on-demand access to Internet content. CARENET advocates a novel content-aware approach to wireless networks design that can provably solve the scalability problem of current systems, thus supporting the paradigmatic shift “from Gigabits per second for a few to Terabytes per month for all”. CARENET’s vision is to serve an arbitrarily large number of users with bounded transmission resources (bandwidth, number of transmit antennas, and power). The fundamental question is: how can such a per-user throughput scalability be achieved in the presence of on-demand requests, for which users do not access simultaneously the same content? CARENET builds on a novel information theoretic formulation of content-aware networks and on several recent results in information theory, network coding, channel coding, and protocol design, stimulated by the PI’s recent work. Key elements of the proposed content-aware architectures are new caching strategies, where content is stored across the wireless network nodes. These strategies are supported by the ever-growing on-board memory of wireless devices and by the new features of the forthcoming 5G-like technology. Our thesis is that scalability is possible through the novel content-aware design, while it is information-theoretically impossible otherwise. Our overarching goal envisions the delivery of one Terabyte per month to each user at an affordable cost and good Quality of Experience, rather than the traditional Gigabit per second peak rates targeted by conventional technology development. Project acronym ChromArch Project Single Molecule Mechanisms of Spatio-Temporal Chromatin Architecture Researcher (PI) Johann Christof Manuel Gebhardt Host Institution (HI) UNIVERSITAET ULM Summary Chromatin packaging into the nucleus of eukaryotic cells is highly sophisticated. It not only serves to condense the genomic content into restricted space, but mainly to encode epigenetic traits ensuring temporally controlled and balanced transcription of genes and coordinated DNA replication and repair. The non-random three-dimensional chromatin architecture including looped structures between genomic control elements relies on the action of architectural proteins. However, despite increasing interest in spatio-temporal chromatin organization, mechanistic details of their contributions are not well understood. With this proposal I aim at unveiling molecular mechanisms of protein–mediated chromatin organization by in vivo single molecule tracking and quantitative super-resolution imaging of architectural proteins using reflected light sheet microscopy (RLSM). I will measure the interaction dynamics, the spatial distribution and the stoichiometry of architectural proteins throughout the nucleus and at specific chromatin loci within single cells. In complement single molecule force spectroscopy experiments using magnetic tweezers (MT), I will study mechanisms of DNA loop formation in vitro by structure-mediating proteins. Integrating these spatio-temporal and mechanical single molecule information, I will in the third sup-project measure the dynamics of relative end-to-end movements and the forces acting within a looped chromatin structure in living cells. Taken together, my experiments will greatly enhance our mechanistic understanding of three-dimensional chromatin architecture and inspire future experiments on its regulatory effects on nuclear functions and potential therapeutic utility upon controlled modification. Chromatin packaging into the nucleus of eukaryotic cells is highly sophisticated. It not only serves to condense the genomic content into restricted space, but mainly to encode epigenetic traits ensuring temporally controlled and balanced transcription of genes and coordinated DNA replication and repair. The non-random three-dimensional chromatin architecture including looped structures between genomic control elements relies on the action of architectural proteins. However, despite increasing interest in spatio-temporal chromatin organization, mechanistic details of their contributions are not well understood. With this proposal I aim at unveiling molecular mechanisms of protein–mediated chromatin organization by in vivo single molecule tracking and quantitative super-resolution imaging of architectural proteins using reflected light sheet microscopy (RLSM). I will measure the interaction dynamics, the spatial distribution and the stoichiometry of architectural proteins throughout the nucleus and at specific chromatin loci within single cells. In complement single molecule force spectroscopy experiments using magnetic tweezers (MT), I will study mechanisms of DNA loop formation in vitro by structure-mediating proteins. Integrating these spatio-temporal and mechanical single molecule information, I will in the third sup-project measure the dynamics of relative end-to-end movements and the forces acting within a looped chromatin structure in living cells. Taken together, my experiments will greatly enhance our mechanistic understanding of three-dimensional chromatin architecture and inspire future experiments on its regulatory effects on nuclear functions and potential therapeutic utility upon controlled modification. Project acronym CHROMDOM Project Chromosomal domain formation, compartmentalization and architecture Researcher (PI) Johannes STIGLER Summary The three-dimensional organization of chromosomes is necessary for hereditary fidelity and gene regulation. Recent studies have found that eukaryotic interphase chromosomes are spatially organized in compartments, chiefly topologically associated domains (TADs), in a hierarchical order of nested chromatin loops, coining the term “chromosome folding”. TADs are clusters of genes and regulatory elements that are confined to their genomic compartment by spatially constricting their accessible range of action. The folded structure of chromosomes through long-range loops enables mutual interactions of distant genomic loci that otherwise would not be in contact. While crosslinking-based chromosome conformation capture (3C) techniques have revealed the underlying structure of interphase chromosomes, the molecular mechanism of how chromosome-organizing proteins, such as the insulator CTCF or the structural maintenance of chromosomes (SMC) complex cohesin build the chromosomal scaffold and contribute to genomic organization, is not understood. Due to the complexity of the processes involved, biochemical information on how chromosomal proteins contribute to the establishment of TADs is scarce. I have previously demonstrated that single molecule techniques can be used to study the interactions of single cohesin complexes with DNA, chromatin and DNA-bound proteins and to resolve processes that are inaccessible in bulk biochemical experiments. In this project, I will use and expand the high-throughput single molecule technique of DNA curtains to study the molecular details of how chromosomal scaffolding proteins and genetic insulators form the basis for the three-dimensional folding of chromosomes. My experiments will build a novel experimental platform to study the dynamics of chromosomal configuration and maintenance in a reconstituted single molecule assay and will reveal the molecular details that drive the organization of chromosomes into hierarchically organized structures. The three-dimensional organization of chromosomes is necessary for hereditary fidelity and gene regulation. Recent studies have found that eukaryotic interphase chromosomes are spatially organized in compartments, chiefly topologically associated domains (TADs), in a hierarchical order of nested chromatin loops, coining the term “chromosome folding”. TADs are clusters of genes and regulatory elements that are confined to their genomic compartment by spatially constricting their accessible range of action. The folded structure of chromosomes through long-range loops enables mutual interactions of distant genomic loci that otherwise would not be in contact. While crosslinking-based chromosome conformation capture (3C) techniques have revealed the underlying structure of interphase chromosomes, the molecular mechanism of how chromosome-organizing proteins, such as the insulator CTCF or the structural maintenance of chromosomes (SMC) complex cohesin build the chromosomal scaffold and contribute to genomic organization, is not understood. Due to the complexity of the processes involved, biochemical information on how chromosomal proteins contribute to the establishment of TADs is scarce. I have previously demonstrated that single molecule techniques can be used to study the interactions of single cohesin complexes with DNA, chromatin and DNA-bound proteins and to resolve processes that are inaccessible in bulk biochemical experiments. In this project, I will use and expand the high-throughput single molecule technique of DNA curtains to study the molecular details of how chromosomal scaffolding proteins and genetic insulators form the basis for the three-dimensional folding of chromosomes. My experiments will build a novel experimental platform to study the dynamics of chromosomal configuration and maintenance in a reconstituted single molecule assay and will reveal the molecular details that drive the organization of chromosomes into hierarchically organized structures. Project acronym CONSYN Project Contextualizing biomolecular circuit models for synthetic biology Researcher (PI) Heinz KOEPPL Summary Synthetic biology is the bottom-up engineering of new molecular functionality inside a biological cell. Although it aims at a quantitative and compositional approach, most of today’s implementations of synthetic circuits are based on inefficient trial-and-error runs. This approach to circuit design does not scale well with circuit complexity and is against the basic paradigm of synthetic biology. This unsatisfactory state of affairs is partly due to the lack of the right computational methodology that can support the quantitative characterization of circuits and their significant context dependency, i.e., their change in behavior upon interactions with the host machinery and with other circuit elements. CONSYN will contribute computational methodology to overcome the trial-and-error approach and to ultimately turn synthetic circuit design into a rational bottom-up process that heavily relies on computational analysis before any actual biomolecular implementation is considered. In order to achieve this goal, we will work on the following agenda: (i) develop biophysical and statistical models of biomolecular contexts into which the synthetic circuit or synthetic part can be embedded in silico; (ii) devise new statistical inference methods that can deliver accurate characterization of circuits and their context dependency by making use of cutting-edge single-cell experimental data; (iii) derive new context-insensitive circuit designs through in silico sensitivity analysis and application of filtering theory; (iv) optimize protocols and measurement infrastructure using model-based experimental design yielding a better circuit and context characterization; (v) experimentally build synthetic circuits in vivo and in cell-free systems in order to validate and bring to life the above theoretical investigations. We are in the unique position to also address (v) in-house due to the experimental wetlab facilities in our group. Synthetic biology is the bottom-up engineering of new molecular functionality inside a biological cell. Although it aims at a quantitative and compositional approach, most of today’s implementations of synthetic circuits are based on inefficient trial-and-error runs. This approach to circuit design does not scale well with circuit complexity and is against the basic paradigm of synthetic biology. This unsatisfactory state of affairs is partly due to the lack of the right computational methodology that can support the quantitative characterization of circuits and their significant context dependency, i.e., their change in behavior upon interactions with the host machinery and with other circuit elements. CONSYN will contribute computational methodology to overcome the trial-and-error approach and to ultimately turn synthetic circuit design into a rational bottom-up process that heavily relies on computational analysis before any actual biomolecular implementation is considered. In order to achieve this goal, we will work on the following agenda: (i) develop biophysical and statistical models of biomolecular contexts into which the synthetic circuit or synthetic part can be embedded in silico; (ii) devise new statistical inference methods that can deliver accurate characterization of circuits and their context dependency by making use of cutting-edge single-cell experimental data; (iii) derive new context-insensitive circuit designs through in silico sensitivity analysis and application of filtering theory; (iv) optimize protocols and measurement infrastructure using model-based experimental design yielding a better circuit and context characterization; (v) experimentally build synthetic circuits in vivo and in cell-free systems in order to validate and bring to life the above theoretical investigations. We are in the unique position to also address (v) in-house due to the experimental wetlab facilities in our group. Project acronym DarkComb Project Dark-Soliton Engineering in Microresonator Frequency Combs Researcher (PI) Victor TORRES COMPANY Host Institution (HI) CHALMERS TEKNISKA HOEGSKOLA AB Summary The continuing increase in Internet data traffic is pushing the capacity of single-mode fiber to its fundamental limits. Space division multiplexing (SDM) offers the only remaining physical degree of freedom – the space dimension in the transmission channel – to substantially increase the capacity in lightwave communication systems. The microresonator comb is an emerging technology platform that enables the generation of an optical frequency comb in a micrometer-scale cavity. Its compact size and compatibility with established semiconductor fabrication techniques promises to revolutionize the fields of frequency synthesis and metrology, and create new mass-market applications. I envision significant scaling advantages in future fiber-optic communications by merging SDM with microresonator frequency combs. One major obstacle to overcome here is the poor conversion efficiency that can be fundamentally obtained using the most stable and broadest combs generated in microresonators today. I propose to look into the generation of dark, as opposed to bright, temporal solitons in linearly coupled microresonators. The goal is to achieve reliable microresonator combs with exceptionally high power conversion efficiency, resulting in optimal characteristics for SDM applications. The scientific and technological possibilities of this achievement promise significant impact beyond the realm of fiber-optic communications. My broad international experience, unique background in fiber communications, photonic waveguides and ultrafast photonics, the preliminary results of my group and the available infrastructure at my university place me in an outstanding position to pioneer this new direction of research. The continuing increase in Internet data traffic is pushing the capacity of single-mode fiber to its fundamental limits. Space division multiplexing (SDM) offers the only remaining physical degree of freedom – the space dimension in the transmission channel – to substantially increase the capacity in lightwave communication systems. The microresonator comb is an emerging technology platform that enables the generation of an optical frequency comb in a micrometer-scale cavity. Its compact size and compatibility with established semiconductor fabrication techniques promises to revolutionize the fields of frequency synthesis and metrology, and create new mass-market applications. I envision significant scaling advantages in future fiber-optic communications by merging SDM with microresonator frequency combs. One major obstacle to overcome here is the poor conversion efficiency that can be fundamentally obtained using the most stable and broadest combs generated in microresonators today. I propose to look into the generation of dark, as opposed to bright, temporal solitons in linearly coupled microresonators. The goal is to achieve reliable microresonator combs with exceptionally high power conversion efficiency, resulting in optimal characteristics for SDM applications. The scientific and technological possibilities of this achievement promise significant impact beyond the realm of fiber-optic communications. My broad international experience, unique background in fiber communications, photonic waveguides and ultrafast photonics, the preliminary results of my group and the available infrastructure at my university place me in an outstanding position to pioneer this new direction of research. Project acronym DNAendProtection Project DNA end protection in Immunity and Cancer Researcher (PI) Michela Di Virgilio Host Institution (HI) MAX DELBRUECK CENTRUM FUER MOLEKULARE MEDIZIN IN DER HELMHOLTZ-GEMEINSCHAFT (MDC) Summary This proposal addresses a fundamental issue in molecular biology: how is repair of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) steered towards the appropriate physiological outcome? DSBs are cytotoxic DNA lesions that arise as a by-product of DNA replication, but also as a physiological intermediate during antigen receptor diversification in the Immune system. DNA end processing is a major determinant of DSB repair outcome. Resection of DNA ends is a prerequisite for physiological repair of replication-associated breaks by homologous recombination, but detrimental for productive end-joining events during immunoglobulin class switch recombination (CSR) in B lymphocytes. Furthermore, inappropriate resection of DSBs can cause loss of genetic information and chromosome deletions, which are common features of cancer genomes. The mechanisms that regulate the balance between DNA end resection and protection are poorly understood. Here, I propose to study the molecular machinery that mediates protection of DNA ends in primary B cells, and the end resection-promoting factors that are antagonized by this activity. We and others have shown that the DNA repair factor 53BP1 plays a crucial role in protecting DNA ends against resection, and consistent with this function, 53BP1 is essential for CSR, but also responsible for aberrant repair of replication-associated DNA damage. In Aims 1 and 2, we will test the hypothesis that dynamic interactions between multiple 53BP1 effectors mediate protection of DNA ends against resection. In Aim 3, we will define the landscape of end resection-promoting factors in mammalian cells via a high-throughput RNAi screen for rescue of CSR in 53BP1-deficient B cells. By elucidating the molecular mechanisms underlying DSB end processing in B lymphocytes, these studies will significantly advance our understanding of the molecular basis of immunodeficiencies and cancer predisposition in lymphoma and solid tumors. This proposal addresses a fundamental issue in molecular biology: how is repair of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) steered towards the appropriate physiological outcome? DSBs are cytotoxic DNA lesions that arise as a by-product of DNA replication, but also as a physiological intermediate during antigen receptor diversification in the Immune system. DNA end processing is a major determinant of DSB repair outcome. Resection of DNA ends is a prerequisite for physiological repair of replication-associated breaks by homologous recombination, but detrimental for productive end-joining events during immunoglobulin class switch recombination (CSR) in B lymphocytes. Furthermore, inappropriate resection of DSBs can cause loss of genetic information and chromosome deletions, which are common features of cancer genomes. The mechanisms that regulate the balance between DNA end resection and protection are poorly understood. Here, I propose to study the molecular machinery that mediates protection of DNA ends in primary B cells, and the end resection-promoting factors that are antagonized by this activity. We and others have shown that the DNA repair factor 53BP1 plays a crucial role in protecting DNA ends against resection, and consistent with this function, 53BP1 is essential for CSR, but also responsible for aberrant repair of replication-associated DNA damage. In Aims 1 and 2, we will test the hypothesis that dynamic interactions between multiple 53BP1 effectors mediate protection of DNA ends against resection. In Aim 3, we will define the landscape of end resection-promoting factors in mammalian cells via a high-throughput RNAi screen for rescue of CSR in 53BP1-deficient B cells. By elucidating the molecular mechanisms underlying DSB end processing in B lymphocytes, these studies will significantly advance our understanding of the molecular basis of immunodeficiencies and cancer predisposition in lymphoma and solid tumors.	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0125.json.gz/line1131
__label__wiki	0.99414	0.99414	19 pupils injured as their taxi overturns in Vanderbijlpark Barbara Hogan to take the stand in Neil Aggett inquiry Cheryl Zondi will have to testify again as more witnesses due in Omotoso trial SA teachers in China: People are extremely scared amid coronavirus outbreak 'Who made you Africa’s spokesperson?' Twitter users react to Motsepe’s apology Unisa lecturers, admin staff strike for 9% wage increase 'Who made you Africa’s spokesperson?' Twitter users reacts to Motsepe’s apology WATCH LIVE: Ministers Mkhize, Motsoaledi on SA's response to Coronavirus New Miss SA fulfilling 'lifelong dream' Zokufa says although she has big shoes to fill, she’s delighted and humbled to carry the SA flag. Newly-crowned Miss South Africa Ziphozakhe Zokufa. Picture: Twitter via @Claudia_Henkel. Miss South Africa pageant Rolene Strauss Ziphozakhe Zokufa Victoria Campbell-Gillies \| 1868 days ago JOHANNESBURG - The newly-crowned Miss South Africa says she's more than ready to fulfil her new role. Ziphozakhe Zokufa was crowned at a glitzy affair in Johannesburg yesterday, replacing Rolen Strauss who was crowned Miss World on Sunday. Zokufa says although she has big shoes to fill, she's delighted and humbled to carry the South African flag as the new Miss South Africa. The a 23-year-old Port Elizabeth model and TV production student will also represent South Africa at the upcoming Miss Universe Pageant which takes place in Miami, Florida in January next year. She said Strauss will be a wonderful ambassador for South Africa. "I got to know Rolene well during the run up to Miss South Africa 2014 earlier this year and was thrilled when she was crowned Miss World at the weekend." Asked what she wanted to bring to the role as Miss South Africa, Zokufa said: "This has been a lifelong dream for me. I am excited at the opportunities to continue inspiring the young women of South Africa and the country as a whole. This has always been something I have strived for and I can't wait to immerse myself in the role." Strauss has said she is proud to have won Miss World. Hungary's Edina Kulcsár came second and Elizabeth Safrit, representing the United States, came third. Strauss, a fourth-year medical student at the University of Free State, is the third South African to win the title. Previous winners are Penelope Anne Coelen, in 1958 and Anneline Kriel, who took the crown in 1974. Kriel was first princess in the event, but took over as Miss World when the original winner, Helen Morgan, resigned after four days when it emerged that she had a child. This year's pageant, the 64th, was marred by tragedy after a Honduran beauty queen was found shot dead in a suspected crime of passion days before she was due to take part. The pageant's 124 contestants travelled to the Oxford Union society earlier this month to discuss whether such competitions still had a place in modern society. British media reported that some students from Oxford University were disappointed that the event failed to generate a lively debate on the subject. 'Beauty is subjective' - unfazed Zozibini Tunzi on Twitter poll Metro FM apologises for Twitter poll on Zozibini Tunzi Zozibini Tunzi crowned Miss SA 2019 Rolene Strauss hails launch of biodegradable sanitary pads project	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0125.json.gz/line1141
__label__wiki	0.51776	0.51776	#Fukushima I NPP: Construction of Frozen Soil Wall... (UPDATED: OT) Nature Magazine Says There Were No S... Radium Waste in Swiss Dump Emitting 300 Microsieve... #Fukushima I NPP: Construction of Frozen Soil Wall Around the Reactor Buildings and Turbine Buildings Has Started Following the grudging approval from Nuclear Regulation Authority, the construction of the frozen soil impermeable wall around the reactor buildings and turbine buildings has promptly started. The first place that the contractor (Kajima) started to drill holes in was the northwest corner of the wall right near the Reactor 1 building. The frozen soil wall plan by Kajima has been criticized by the media and net citizens as "untested" and "costly". I don't personally share much of that sentiment after looking at the presentation by Kajima and those by two competitors (see my post from May 30, 2013), but I do worry, as the modus operandi of TEPCO is to cut cost by any means. I have a nagging feeling that TEPCO will manage to sabotage Kajima's work somehow. From TEPCO's photos and videos library (6/2/2014): An aerial photo by Yomiuri (how they got away with taking a picture is a mystery to me, given the warming from the government/TEPCO on the physical protection) shows how close the wall would be to the reactor building (Reactor 1, in this case). The drilling location is marked with a red circle: The exhaust stack you see on the right has a spot where the dosimeter went overscale at 10,000 millisieverts/hr (or 10 Sieverts/hr) back in August 2011. TEPCO did calculate how high the radiation might be in November 2013, and it was at least 25 Sieverts/hr on the surface of the pipe. Ambient radiation levels near the pipe range from 19 to 95 millisieverts/hr. TEPCO's survey map on March 23, 2011 made public for the first time outside TEPCO shows the area with the radiation levels between 6 to 130 millisieverts/hr: After painstaking removal of highly radioactive debris that littered the location by human workers and remote-controlled heavy equipment, the radiation levels as of May 14, 2014 are mostly between 0.2 to 0.8 millisieverts/hr. The level near the drilling location looks to be 0.35 millisievert/hr: Still, 0.35 millisieverts/hr is 350 microsieverts/hr; it is nowhere near the level for workers to work without concern for radiation exposure. Three-hour work on that location, and you may exceed 1 millisievert per year excess radiation exposure. In Fukushima City today (6/5/2014), the radiation levels are mostly below 0.25 microsievert/hr, according to Fukushima Prefecture radioactivity measurement map: In Tokyo today, a monitoring post in Shinjuku shows the level at 0.0343 microgrey/hr, according to Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Public Health. It is back to the level before the nuclear accident. At 1 meter off the ground, the radiation level is 0.06 microgrey/hr: Labels: frozen soil wall, Kajima (UPDATED: OT) Nature Magazine Says There Were No STAP Stem Cells, Which May Be Just a Mixture of Two Different Types of Stem Cells According to Latest Analysis (UPDATE 3) The story gets richer by the day. Now it's been found that Professor Charles Vacanti, head of Anesthesiology at Brigham and Women's Hospital and the corresponding author of the Nature paper which he finally agreed to retract after just about everything in the paper was found to be more fantasy than reality, has been awarded US$700,000 grant from the Department of Defense via AxoGen, Inc., "the emerging leader of the $1.6 billion U.S. peripheral nerve repair market" according to the PR on June 4, 2014. “I am excited about the potential to address challenging nerve repair cases through the use of regenerative medicine and stem cell therapies,” said Vacanti The US taxpayers are thrilled to fund his research, I suppose. (UPDATE 2) Yomiuri and other papers reported on 6/5/2014 that Ms. Obokata's job application paper for Riken's position ("unit leader" with close to 100,000 dollars salary) was found to contain more copying and pasting - from her doctoral thesis which is itself full of copying and pasting and from patent applications submitted by Harvard University. It would be a surprise if there is anything, anything at all that this so-called researcher has ever produced without copying and pasting someone else's work. (UPDATE) So it was a pressure exerted by Nature Magazine on Charles Vacanti. According to Asahi Shinbun (6/5/2014), Nature strongly suggested Vacanti agree to withdraw the papers (only Vacanti and Obokata were holding out) instead of Nature doing it without his consent. After Vacanti folded, Obokata folded. Fraud through and through, it seems to me. The latest developments came on June 3, 2014, when NHK reported on two different investigations done on these so-called STAP (stimulus-triggered acquisition of pluripotency) cells (which was originally to be called "princess cells" - princess woken up by a kiss from a prince, no less - by the lead author of the two papers accepted by Nature). According to NHK News (6/3/2014): - Genetic analysis of the cells created from STAP cells shows these cells were from the mice different from those supposedly used in the experiment detailed in the Nature papers. - The cells were supposed to be created from "F1" mouse according to the Nature papers, but in fact they were from "B6" and "CD1" mouse. - Cells from "B6" mouse are similar to "ES cells (embryonic stem cells)", and cells from "CD1" mouse are similar to "TS cells (trophoblast stem cells). Ms. Obokata's secret recipe may have been to mix ES cells and TS cells cleverly. There was no STAP stem cell, there is no STAP stem cell, as even the magazine that published the two papers now admits. And what is Riken going to do? Nothing. They have said they will continue their effort to recreate the experiment that supposedly created so-called STAP cells. Their best luck would be to mix ES cells and TS cells, just like the lead author (and probably the corresponding author Charles Vacanti) probably did. The top management of Riken seems eager to protect their star scientist Sasai, who was the mentor to Ms. Obokata and the promoter of her and her STAP cells, and shut down the investigation before it ensnares him. Then today (6/4/21014), Nikkei Shinbun reports that Ms. Obokata has finally agree to retract the Nature paper, as well as the letter. NHK says the corresponding author Professor Charles Vacanti may now be willing to retract the paper. About time to put this sorry saga to rest, but many net citizens (mostly males) in Japan continue to firmly believe it is some kind of a huge conspiracy by male-dominated research institutions and the national government to monopolize these so-called STAP cells. Poor little girl, they say. The lead attorney assisting Ms. Obokata in dealing with Riken says she is still hospitalized and too weak (from unspecified illness, like some celebrities or politicians) and says she has probably been pressured by Riken to accept the retraction. So far, there is no investigation by Harvard University and Nature Magazine. Waseda University, which conferred Obokata her doctoral degree, apparently does not understand what's wrong with copying and pasting without citations in writing a doctoral thesis. Labels: Haruko Obokata, STAP cell Radium Waste in Swiss Dump Emitting 300 Microsieverts/Hr, Government Authorities Withheld Information from Local Residents for 18 Months From Yahoo News quoting AFP (6/1/2014; emphasis is mine): Highly radioactive substance found in Swiss dump: report Geneva (AFP) - A highly radioactive substance, emitting in some places radiation 100 times the permitted amount, has been discovered in Switzerland, local media reported Sunday, adding that authorities had covered it up for 18 months. Swiss weeklies Le Matin Dimanche and SonntagsZeitung reported that federal, regional and local officials decided not to reveal the fact that they had found radium deposits in an old dump in the town of Bienne so as not to scare the 50,000 local inhabitants. "120 kilogrammes of radioactive waste was obtained after sorting. We measured doses of several hundred microsieverts at the source," Daniel Dauwalder, a spokesman for the Swiss federal office for public health (OFSP), told Le Matin Dimanche. In certain places, measurements of 300 microsieverts per hour were taken, more than 100 times the permitted amount for an old dump, the newspapers reported. Exposure for three hours to that level of radiation would be equivalent to the tolerable level over a whole year. The waste came from a paint used by the watch-making industry to illuminate the numbers on watch faces. The substance, which has been banned since 1963 due to its radioactive nature, was discovered when roadworks were started at the site. The OFSP judged the risk to public health "weak", although SonntagsZeitung said that tests on the water table would begin next month. Public health authorities have shifted the blame back and forth, with local officials saying the OFSP should have informed the public about the incident, and the OFSP saying the responsibility lay with municipal authorities. The president of the federal commission in charge of monitoring radiation (CPR), which was not informed of the incident, said the various authorities had made a "mistake". "This will all come back to bite us and it is much more difficult to stay credible and win back the public's trust," Francois Bochud told Le Matin Dimanche. Labels: radium-226, Switzerland	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0125.json.gz/line1142
__label__wiki	0.616557	0.616557	Astronomical instruments \| Article about astronomical instruments by The Free Dictionary https://encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com/astronomical+instruments [‚as·trə′näm·ə·kəl ′in·strə·məns] (engineering) Specific kinds of telescopes and ancillary equipment used by astronomers to study the positions, motions, and composition of stars and members of the solar system. <a href="https://encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com/astronomical+instruments">astronomical instruments</a> Asada Goryu Astronomical Council of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR Astronomical Instruments and Devices Astronomical Observatories and Institutes Banneker, Benjamin Bessel, Friedrich Wilhelm blink comparator Boškovic, Rudjer Josip Brashear, John Alfred Bürgi, Joost Catadioptric Systems Chang Heng Chromosphere Telescope Clark, Alvan coelostat Cosmic Radio Emissions Generally the atmosphere is hazy; and this is caused by the falling of impalpably fine dust, which was found to have slightly injured the astronomical instruments. The morning before we anchored at Porto Praya, I collected a little packet of this brown-coloured fine dust, which appeared to have been filtered from the wind by the gauze of the vane at the masthead. In preparation for the IOAA 2019, these students received special training on conducting measurements, solving mathematical problems, and using telescopes and other astronomical instruments. I am glad to see our students' continuous interest in this increasingly important field, and wish them luck at this year's Olympiad." Launched in 2007, in Thailand, the Olympiad aims to inspire the next generation of astronomers by encouraging them to study the subject at university level. QNRF, education ministry supports Qatari students for astronomy Olympiad India, July 18 -- Breakthrough Listen is an ambitious project that is using a number of astronomical instruments over a period of ten years to detect signs for advanced extraterrestrial civilisations. Breakthrough Listen begins search for alien technosignatures using VERITAS telescope array It's the Jaipur version of Greenwich Observatory, a collection of 19 huge astronomical instruments, built by King Sawai Jai Singh II in 1734. Ultimate India; Travel; Explore the classic Golden Triangle for a breathtaking taste of this vibrant, exciting, kaleidoscopic and enriching culture; Golden spell While the study of other planetary systems remains a challenge, even for 30-meter-class telescopes, our own solar system presents many opportunities for new discoveries with the next generation of astronomical instruments. Obviously, ground-based telescopes will never be able to compete with spacecraft visiting other worlds, but except for NASA's Juno orbiter at Jupiter, at present there are no planetary explorers observing the giant planets at close range. MONSTER SCIENCE: The next generation of superscopes will have truck-size instruments and universe-size science projects The team worked with the European Southern Observatory using astronomical instruments so accurate they can detect changes in a star's velocity as small as 3.5 kilometers (2.2 miles) per hour -- a gentle walking pace. 'Super-Earth' discovered orbiting Sun's nearest star It is one of a small number of flagship astronomical instruments that will span the entire electromagnetic spectrum from radio to gamma rays, and beyond the electromagnetic spectrum to gravitational waves, cosmic rays and neutrinos, and whose collective aim is chart the full history of the universe from its beginnings in the Big Bang to the present day. SKA Design and Pre-Construction Phase to Critical Design Review The Heritage Library contains 50,000 historical and heritage items, including more than 4,000 manuscripts, more than 1,400 historical maps, dozens of atlases, astronomical instruments, navigational instruments, 70,000 historical images, and other heritage artifacts. Sayyid Fahd Participates in Opening Ceremony of Qatar National Library in Doha Tracing the ancient art of determining routes to Makkah by use of astronomical instruments that located guiding stars and the direction of the Qibla, the exhibition will display original tools from the Zayed National Museum permanent collection, such as the copper astrolabe, invented by Ahmad Bin Mohammad Bin Ebrahim, in Morocco, around the year 1123 AH (1711/1712 AD). Haj exhibition retraces ancient Makkah routes The seventeenth-century print on the cover of this new edition along with another seventeenth-century print on page 19 suggest the confusion, for they show Johann Adam Schall von Bell, a Jesuit astronomer residing at Beijing, portrayed in his costume of first-order Mandarin and surrounded by late-medieval astronomical instruments. Significantly, the telescope--a European technological invention--is absent, even though Schall introduced it to China for astronomical work. Machines as the Measure of Men: Science, Technology, and Ideologies of Western Dominance Holographic gratings for astronomical instruments were described in a paper by Noboru Ebizuka, RIKEN in Japan, as well as in another paper by Alessio Zanutta, INAF in Italy. SPIE Conference--advances and modern trends They have been used in astronomical instruments with great success in both ground-based and space-borne telescopes [7-9] by using complex and expensive cooling systems that can achieve temperatures between 0.1 K and 0.3 K during their operation. Design and Simulation of an Antenna-Coupled Microbolometer at 30 THz Astronomical Code Astronomical Colorimetry astronomical constants astronomical coordinate system astronomical coordinate systems astronomical date astronomical day astronomical distance astronomical eclipse Astronomical Ephemeris astronomical equator Astronomical Geodesy Astronomical Institute of the Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek Soviet Astronomical Journals astronomical latitude astronomical leveling astronomical longitude astronomical mean sun Astronomical Measuring Apparatus astronomical meridian astronomical meridian plane astronomical navigational tables Astronomical Negative Astronomical Netherlands Satellite astronomical nutation astronomical parallel astronomical photography Astronomical Photometer Astronomical Photometry Astronomical Point astronomical position astronomical position line astronomical refraction astronomical scintillation astronomical seeing Astronomical distances Astronomical dusk Astronomical ecliptic Astronomical fractions Astronomical Image Database Astronomical image processing Astronomical Image Processing Software Astronomical Image Processing System Astronomical Image Processing Workshop Astronomical Information Processing System Astronomical Institute at the University of Bern Astronomical Institutes of the University of Bonn Astronomical Instrument Markup Language Astronomical Instrumentation Software Framework Astronomical Instruments Research Center Astronomical interferometer Astronomical Journal Astronomical League Convention Astronomical map Astronomical Markup Language Astronomical Multiple Beam Recombiner Astronomical object Astronomical Observation Request Astronomical observatories	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0125.json.gz/line1148
__label__wiki	0.907115	0.907115	SEAS News Buffalo Engineer Magazine Business Engagement News Diversity and Outreach News Seen in SEAS Neelamegham elected Fellow of BMES Sriram Neelamegham, a professor in the Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, has been elected Fellow of the Biomedical Engineering Society for his contributions to the fields of vascular bioengineering and glycoengineering. Two structural engineering faculty members honored by the American Institute of Steel Construction SUNY Distinguished Professor Michel Bruneau and assistant professor Negar Elhami Khorasani both received accolades from the American Institute of Steel Construction (AISC) based on their career achievements. To advance robot swarms, UB engineers turn to video games By measuring gamers’ brain waves and eye movements, engineers could improve artificial intelligence for autonomous robots. New X-ray method has ‘profound implications’ for the development of lifesaving drugs Researchers have developed a way to unambiguously identify and count metal atoms in proteins in an efficient and routine way, revealing new information that was there, but previously hidden. UB researcher employs eye-tracking technology to detect neurological disorders Technology called MindEye uses infrared camera to detect subtle changes in pupil dilation and eye movement. UB cybersecurity team puts hacking skills to the test at international competition A team of UB students got the opportunity to put themselves in the shoes of a penetration tester, breaking into and exploiting different computer systems and software at the annual Collegiate Penetration Testing Competition international finals. Companies get brainpower, students get industry experience via UB’s Six Sigma program The program, now in its 16th year, invites companies to sponsor one or more students. Weber named provost and executive vice president for academic affairs The appointment, which comes after an international search, is effective immediately. Li receives NSF CAREER Award Huamin Li is the tenth faculty member in the School of Engineering and Applied Sciences to receive a CAREER Award in 2019. Li, an assistant professor of electrical engineering, will investigate a novel transistor concept offering faster switching speeds and less energy consumption. Xu receives best paper award Wenyao Xu, associate professor of computer science and engineering, received the best paper award at the Association for Computing Machinery’s Conference on Embedded Networked Sensor Systems. Loading events… See All Events & Seminars>	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0125.json.gz/line1149
__label__wiki	0.550205	0.550205	Michael Jinkins: Remembering 9/11 Remembrance connects us to our past, but in a way that guides our future. Christian Leadership, Arts & Culture, Society L. Gregory Jones: Lincoln's leadership in the crucible Abraham Lincoln’s handling of the Fort Sumter crisis in his first days as president seems miraculous until you consider that his character was formed over time to think and act in a particular way. Alexis Carter: American idols, but real pain The "American dream" may be an illusion, but its failure inflicts real suffering. Photo by Salih Guler/iStock Congregations, New forms of church, Worship, Arts & Culture, Society Quiz: Pet ministries and the spiritual growth of congregations Religious institutions responding to Americans’ love affair with their pets are adding new ministries, drawing new people to church and advocating greater care for all living creatures. Take our quiz to test your knowledge of the relationship between believers and their nonhuman loved ones. Scott Benhase: Reality TV with Palin and Weiner The lives of Palin and Weiner are just two more “reality shows” on the network of our lives. But human nature isn’t any worse now than it has been throughout history. Andrew Walls: An exciting period in Christian history The rise of non-Western Christianity is part of the ebb and flow of the church, says the influential expert on the global movement. Education, Higher education, Arts & Culture, Society Mark C. Taylor: Silos within silos within silos In order to prepare students for the 21st century, institutions of higher education should be structured like webs, not like assembly lines, says the author of “Crisis on Campus.” Howard Gardner: Doing good work Increasing the incidence of good work in the United States has become the mission of the developer of the theory of multiple intelligences. Arts & Culture, Performing arts, Society Joe Richman: Everything is about stories There is no more important thing you can do than to get other people to tell you their stories, says the founder of Radio Diaries. Congregations, New forms of church, Arts & Culture, Society David Briggs: Is religion in America in decline? Americans remain remarkably religious in both belief and practice. However, recent research shows that every indicator of traditional religiosity is either stable or declining -- with none on the rise -- suggesting that American religion has slowly but unmistakably declined in recent decades.	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0125.json.gz/line1159
__label__cc	0.588431	0.411569	You are here:Dorset Council > … > Family Information Service > Family Information Directory > Youth Support Search Results Main Directory CategoriesYoung people servicesYouth Support LocationNationalRemove Directory (54 results) Ability Net Adapting Technology - Changing Lives. AbilityNet is a national charity helping disabled adults and children use computers and the internet by adapting and adjusting their technology. Our special expertise is ensuring that whatever your age, health condition, disability or situation you find exactly the right… enquiries@abilitynet.org.uk www.abilitynet.org.uk AbilityNet Thames Valley c/o Microsoft Ltd, Thames Valley Park, Reading, Berkshire, RG6 1WG Learn about apprenticeships and traineeships and find exciting opportunities. See what the benefits are and apply for vacancies. The website also has a section for employers looking to take on apprentices. nationalhelpdesk@apprenticeships.gov.uk. www.apprenticeships.org.uk The ACP is responsible for regulating the training and practice standards of child and adolescent psychotherapy and is an accredited register of the Professional Standards Authority (PSA). Psychoanalytic Child and Adolescent Psychotherapists have a key role in supporting other professionals who work with infants, children… admin@childpsychotherapy.org.uk www.childpsychotherapy.org.uk CAN Mezzanine 32-36 Loman Street, London, SE1 0EH Break Charity Break’s core business is the provision of children’s homes. Break has six mainstream children’s homes in Norfolk and Cambridgeshire and a Therapeutic Fostering Service offering single placements to traumatised young people. Young people leaving Break’s care continue to be supported by our in-house Moving On… office@break-charity.org www.break-charity.org Davison House 1 Montague Road, Sheringham, Norfolk, NR26 8WN British Youth Council The British Youth Council is the National Youth Council of the UK. A youth-led charity, we empower young people aged 25 and under to influence and inform the decisions that affect their lives. We support teenagers and young people to get involved in their communities… Via Website www.byc.org.uk CAN Mezzanine 49-51 East Road, London, N1 6AH Brook - Free & Confidential Information For Under 25s Use the online tool to ask Brook any question you may have about sexual health and relationships. Available 24/7. Brook has services across the UK providing free and confidential sexual health services to young people under 25. Use the find a service tool to search… admin@brook.org.uk www.brook.org.uk 50 Featherstone Street, London, EC1Y 8RT Buttle Uk Buttle UK exists to give children and young people living in poverty a fighting chance. Our personalised grants give children the chance to shape their own futures. We provide emergency essentials to children and young people living in extreme need and offer support throughout their… info@buttleuk.org www.buttleuk.org Audley House 13 Palace Street, London, SW1E 5HX Cerebra (for Brain Injured Children & Young People) Families where a child has a brain condition face challenges every day. Just to learn, play, make friends, enjoy and experience the world can feel difficult, even impossible. But we don’t believe there is any challenge that can’t be over come. Cerebra's vision is that… enquiries@cerebra.org.uk www.cerebra.org.uk 2nd Floor The Lyric Building, Kings Street, Carmarthen, Carmarthenshire, SA31 1BD Cerebra - Postal Lending Library Our library can help you get the answers to questions about your child’s condition with our range of books on topics relating to brain conditions. Or your child could discover a new favourite sound, sight or smell with one of the switch toys, fibre optics… www.cerebra.org.uk/	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0125.json.gz/line1161
__label__cc	0.677615	0.322385	Author Archives: Stetson Marlin Tennessee Uses Complete Effort To Blow Out Ole Miss By 25 VolsBy Stetson Marlin January 22, 2020 The Tennessee Volunteers hosted Ole Miss on Tuesday night looking to pick up another SEC win. The Vols used a complete effort from nearly everyone on the roster as they ran away from the Rebels, winning 73-48. Tennessee jumped out to an early lead thanks to great offensive play from John Fulkerson and Jordan… Tennessee Titans’ High-Powered Offense Leading Them Into The NFL Playoffs SportsBy Stetson Marlin December 31, 2019 Weeks ago, the Tennessee Titans were on the outside looking to sneak into the NFL Playoffs. As the playoffs rolled around, they found themselves in the AFC’s six-seed, thanks to their high powered offense. I’ve been a Tennessee Titans fan my entire life and I can say this season has been one of the more… The Penny Hardaway/Rick Barnes Beef Continues. . .A Year Later VolsBy Stetson Marlin November 20, 2019 As the Memphis/Tennessee basketball game continually approaches, the beef between coaches Penny Hardaway and Rick Barnes continues. Last season, Tennessee traveled down to Memphis to take on the Tigers for the first of three seasons in this renewed series. The Vols controlled nearly the entire game, as Admiral Schofield continued his hot streak. While the… Senior Leadership Puts Vols In Prime Spot For Bowl Berth The Tennessee football team has flipped a switch over the past few weeks. After starting the season off with a dreadful 1-4 that included losses to Georgia State and BYU, the Vols have put together a 4-1 stretch that now has them one win away from a bowl game. It’s evident that is a very… Most Important Tennessee Basketball Games For 2019-20: Kansas VolsBy Stetson Marlin October 24, 2019 After taking a look at two SEC teams in LSU and Florida, we will take a look at the third most important game for the Tennessee Volunteers this season. This game would typically be higher on this list, considering the historical prominence this team has had for decades. Because of an NCAA investigation going on… What Jaden Springer’s Commitment Means For The Vols Wednesday, the Tennessee Volunteers basketball program landed another five-star recruit in the 2020 class. Jaden Springer, a shooting guard from IMG Academy, committed to the Vols. Tennessee landed Springer after Penny Hardaway (Memphis) and Juwan Howard (Michigan) looked to land one of the best pure shooters in the class. Breaking: 5-Star recruit Jaden Springer, ESPN's… The Most Important Tennessee Basketball Games For 2019-20: LSU The Tennessee Volunteers basketball season will get here sooner than later. To pass time and deflect away from the football team’s matchup against No. 1 Alabama this week, I will be ranking the Vols five most important games this upcoming season. The Vols will have one of the tougher schedules in the country, hopefully solidifying… Nashville Predators Begin Run At Stanley Cup SportsBy Stetson Marlin October 3, 2019 The Nashville Predators begin their run at a Stanley Cup on Thursday night as they take on the Minnesota Wild in Bridgestone Arena. They will look to bounce back from a disappointing finish to last season after they got bounced by the Dallas Stars in the first round of the Stanley Cup Playoffs. The Wild… A First Look At The 2019-20 Tennessee Basketball Team VolsBy Stetson Marlin September 26, 2019 It’s finally basketball time in Tennessee! Basketball teams across the country began practice for the upcoming season on Tuesday. It's getting real. PRESEASON PRACTICE STARTS TODAY. pic.twitter.com/eoeguJOujq — Tennessee Basketball (@Vol_Hoops) September 24, 2019 With the struggles of the football team, I’m sure a number of Vol fans have already switched gears and are looking… Looking At Tennessee’s History Against Florida’s Backup Quarterbacks It’s officially Florida week for the Tennessee Volunteers and they will face yet another Gator backup quarterback in the annual matchup. For the past decade, it’s become almost certain that Florida will lose its starting quarterback due to injury either during or right before the matchup between the two teams. The Vols have only been…	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0125.json.gz/line1162
__label__wiki	0.828473	0.828473	Official website of FCB Basketball Basketball Official main partner FCBB Events TICKETS FAN-SHOP Search Fill-1 My account Hello USERNAME MyFCB Profile You will be logged out Log in UN Hello USERNAME Menu 84-80 Triumph over Alba Berlin in a sold-out Audi Dome Bayern alone in first-place Created on 10-11-2019 at 18:00 PM Increase font size Text size Read out The basketball players of FC Bayern Munich, who are severely weakened by injuries, defeated their eternal rival Alba Berlin in the 50th edition of the classic by a final score of 84-80. They are now the only undefeated team and stand alone atop the BBL standings. In the Audi Dome, which sold out with 6,500 fans, the German champions showed up big-time only 42 hours after the difficult EuroLeague game in Istanbul. They were especially strong in the second half, and defeated the runner-up (without playmaker Siva) in an exciting final quarter. The outstanding player was veteran Alex King with 19 points, while DeMarcus Nelson (12) and Diego Flaccadori also provided valuable relief for Bayern, who were without four key players. The Bavarians will play in the EuroLeague in Valencia next Friday (November 15th, 21:00 CET / MagentaSport), before a BBL matchup against Bayreuth in the Audi Dome on Sunday (November 17th, 15:00). Points per quarter Bayern - Berlin: 16-22, 25-16, 21-15, 22-27. Facts & Figures - Two-point shooting: 50% (FCBB) / 63% (Berlin); Three-point shooting: 43% / 39%; Rebounds: 32 / 30. - Injuries: TJ Bray (post-foot surgery), Josh Huestis (post-foot surgery), Mathias Lessort (post ligament rupture), Nihad Djedovic (knee irritation). FCBB stats: Alex King (19 points), Greg Monroe (13/9 rebounds), Vladimir Lucic (13), DeMarcus Nelson (12), Paul Zipser (9), Petteri Koponen (6/4 assists), Maodo Lo (4), Diego Flaccadori (4), Danilo Barthel (4/6 rebounds), Leon Radosevic and Sasha Grant (dnp). FCBB head coach, Dejan Radonjic: "We played very well today, except for the first minutes. Although we had a hard EuroLeague game at Fenerbahce not even 48 hours ago, my players played with a lot of energy and focus. In addition to the tight schedule, we have four injured players, which shouldn't be understated. Now we have a few days to recover, that's also important because very difficult games are coming up in a very short time. Thanks to our fans for their support today". Berlin head coach, Aito: "Congratulations to Bayern, they deserved to win the game. We tried for a long time today to keep up, but we made too many mistakes and turnovers in the decisive phase. In the end, we didn't have enough energy." Alex King: "Alba is a very good team, it was head to head and we knew it would be a difficult game. It was about first place - what was important for us was that we could keep up and win the game. We put on a good show for the fans and are now happy to have a day off to rest." Marko Pesic, Managing Director of FCBB: "We had a hard time in the first quarter, you could see the effects of the long journey to Istanbul and back yesterday. That was an outstanding achievement for this short preparation. That's why the team and the coaches should be complimented because we also have four injured players. But today Alex in particular, but also DeMercus and Diego and Leon. Everyone else helped very well." FCBB coach Dejan Radonjic ordered Maodo Lo, Petteri Koponen, Vladimir Lucic, Danilo Barthel and Greg Monroe as starters in the top game against the capital city team. Vladimir Lucic served up a nice pass to Greg Monroe well for the first basket of the game but the Albatrosses found their rhythm quickly and took the lead thanks to their run-and-gun game and took a 9-5 lead. Maodo Lo stopped the Berlin 8-0 run with a floating jump shot but Berlin's Rokas Giedraitis caused considerable problems for the Bayern defensive as he sank his third three-pointer in the quarter to take a 16-9 lead. Alex King delivered - as so often - fresh energy from the bench and his five points in a row brought Bayern a bit closer again. After one quarter the score was 22-16 in favor of Berlin. The Munich fans had great difficulties even after the break and the fans had to wait two minutes before Alex King scored the first points with a three. The shot heralded a fantastic 21-4 run for Bayern and the defending champions were right back in it. A little later Barthel tied things up at 28-28 before Monroe brought the Munich team after what felt like an eternity, into the lead at 29-28. Neither team was able to pull away but Maodo Lo gave the team a boost of momentum when he stole the ball and sank the basket at the buzzer to take a 41-38 lead at the half. The Bavarians started well in the second half with a patient three from Lucic but then both teams took the claws out defensivley and each bucket was a battle. Petteri Koponen was fouled beyond the arc and hit all three free-throws to take a 49-42 lead. FCBB then made two or three frivolous mistakes, which were immediately exploited by the guests to get to within two points. The Bayern defense, however, held strong and helped to extend the lead to six. The Munich squad had the momentum and of course the audience on their side when Alex King hit a three for a 62-53 to put a bow on the third quarter. The Bavarians had one day less to rest compared to their opponents due to the last EuroLeague game, but now seemed to have shaken the tiredness out of their bones. Nelson took the first double-digit Bayern lead and a three from Paul Zipser seemed to bring the FCBB on the path to winning but suddenly turnovers again helped Berlin to stay in the game and with seven minutes to play the score was 68-61 in favor of the home team. A proof for the aggressiveness in the defense was the fact that both opponents had already reached the team foul limit after three minutes into the quarter. King added to his good performance with another three to again take a ten-point lead. After a Lucic three, the 34-year-old hit another shot and the crowd went wild. The Berliners tried to get the Bavarians off their game with a press defense but the home club solved this challenge by letting King do his thing with a three from the corner. The fact that one should never think oneself safe against Berlin is taught by all the experiences of the past and suddenly 28 seconds before the end they managed to get to within four points (81-77). Nelson was fouled with 19 seconds on the clock and he managed to hit both free throws to seal the deal for Bayern. You want to be part of the next Bayern home game? Then get your ticket now! Photo-Credit: Stickel, Smokers, Eirich 93-85 over Bonn Bayern extend their lead in the standings again Game report of the BBL game between FC Bayern Munich and Telekom Baskets Bonn. 80-68 against Maccabi Tel Aviv Bayern end their losing streak in the EuroLeague The match report for FC Bayern Munich vs. Maccabi Tel Aviv in the EuroLeague. 81-74 loss in Ludwigsburg Bayern lose first BBL game of the season FCBB lacks concentration in their third away game in five days. 89-72 loss at Olympiakos Piräus Bayern finishes their trip to Greece without a win FCBB remains without an away win in the Euroleague 98-83 loss in Athens Bayern falls short of an upset despite good play TJ Bray celebrates a successful premiere. 84-77 against the defending champions Bayern brings ZSKA Moscow to the brink of defeat In the second half the FCBB scored 52 points, managed 16 assists and added nine offensive rebounds... 93-63 loss in Belgrade Another clear road loss in the Euroleague Captain Danilo Barthel injured Bad loss at home to Kaunas Tough loss for Bayern, 98-73 FCBB no chance in last home game of the year. 77-67 defeat EuroLeague favorite Barcelona is too strong for Bayern basketball in a sold-out Audi Dome Top scorer for the FCBB was Paul Zipser with 19 points. Maodo Lo saves the day Bayern celebrates their first road victory in the EuroLeague with a 77-76 win in an overtime thriller in Berlin. Already on Friday evening (20.12.), the EuroLeague favorite, FC Barcelona, will visit the Audi ... FC Bayern Basketball on Social Media Football Fan-Shop Audi Dome FCBB-Magazin eSports	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0125.json.gz/line1167
__label__cc	0.558471	0.441529	What is Fertility Preservation? Fertility preservation is the cryopreservation (freezing) of human reproductive tissue to be used later for in vitro fertilization (IVF) therapies or intra uterine insemination (IUI). With the use of liquid nitrogen, human tissues such as semen, oocytes (eggs), and embryos (fertilized eggs) are frozen at temperatures exceeding 320 degrees (Fahrenheit) below zero and stored in specially designed tanks. When the patient is ready to begin a family, the tissues will be shipped to an IVF clinic, thawed, and used in a procedure by a licensed IVF doctor to impregnate the woman. Who uses Fertility Preservation and Why? Fertility Preservation is typically used by patients concerned about their future fertility. Fertility can be affected by a number of different factors, including disease, lifestyle, career, or age. The ability to preserve reproductive tissues is a great option and often recommended by doctors for cancer patients, military personnel, high impact athletes, and transgender clients. Regardless of the causes of infertility, cryopreservation and cryostorage are advances in the medical field that allow patients another attempt at having a family—an option that is priceless to many who have practically given up on raising children. If you’re looking for proof of success in long-term fertility preservation, then we have the perfect story for you… In 1971, a Japanese American man, who was the last hope in maintaining his family’s bloodline, was also informed that he and his wife were unable to have children together. He decided that sperm banking was his only option. He spent years trying to find a surrogate to have his child, but to no avail. Finally, 40 plus years later, his sperm was used in an in vitro fertilization procedure that was a success—and a set of twin girls were born. The surrogate couple was eager to parent the twins and allow the man’s bloodline to carry on. Intrigued? Click here for the full story. Experts in Fertility Preservation ReproTech, Ltd. opened its doors in 1990 to provide superior fertility preservation services nationwide. We are the only company committed exclusively to long-term storage of cryopreserved specimens. Over the years, we have developed the systems, infrastructure, and networks to become the leader in the long-term reproductive storage industry. We store cryopreserved reproductive specimens for men, women, and prepubescent children. The type of specimens we handle include sperm, embryos, oocytes, ovarian tissue, and testicular tissue. In order to provide patients with not only long-term storage, but also cryopreservation services, ReproTech has developed the Fertility Preservation Network, a network of freezing centers with which we have established a lasting partnership. This way, coordination between freezing centers and our ReproTech storage facilities is safe and efficient. Our facilities are monitored 24/7 by state-of-the-art Rees monitoring systems, which record temperature changes as small as 0.01 degrees Celsius. Additionally, all tanks are manually monitored on a weekly basis by our experienced personnel and our facilities are under 24-hour security and surveillance. Each facility has on-site back-up, bulk nitrogen storage, and all electronic data is backed up daily with off-site data storage. When the patient is ready to begin a family, the tissues are shipped to one of our Network’s IVF (In Vitro Fertilization) clinics, thawed, and used for reproduction. How do I get started with Fertility Preservation? To begin the process of fertility preservation through ReproTech’s long-term storage, contact the location nearest you: For more information on and locations for our Fertility Preservation Network of Freezing Centers, please click here. Oftentimes, due to time constraints, geography, or privacy reasons, men need the option to collect their semen directly from home. For those who are unable to travel to one of our many freezing centers throughout the country, we have the perfect answer—OverNite Male™. This kit gives men the comfort of being able to securely bank their sperm within 24 hours of their decision to do so. For more information on OverNite Male™, click here. Financial Assistance for Cancer Patients is available through three programs: LIVESTRONG‘s Fertility Discount Programs are available through many of the members of ReproTech’s network ReproTech’s financial assistance program, Verna’s Purse, is available for cancer survivors who have already banked their specimens and for individuals who visit centers which are not enrolled in LIVESTRONG‘s Fertiltiy Discount Programs. Ferring\Walgreens h.e.a.r.t.BEAT program – Click here to learn more about Ferring\Walgreens h.e.a.r.t.BEAT program. Fertility Preservation Options If you are looking for more information on topics specific to fertility preservation, we encourage you to explore our Fertility Preservation 101 Online Booklet. This booklet has material on many different topics including, but not limited to: When to consider fertility preservation Preserving fertility in children diagnosed with cancer Fertility Preservation for Men Fertility Preservation for Women Additional Fertility Preservation Options Fertility Preservation ART Procedures Fertility Preservation Resources The Future of Fertility Preservation The past decade has brought tremendous advancements in fertility treatment. Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI)—first available at only a handful of fertility clinics in 1994—is now available in almost every metropolitan area. Egg freezing success has improved significantly and is more readily available. Current research projects on ovarian and testicular tissue cryopreservation are yielding exciting results for both adults and prepubescent children. These advancements have given hope for the long-term reproductive life of cancer patients. Oocyte Storage Ovarian Tissue Storage If you have further questions or need assistance with finding a fertility clinic, please call 888-831-2765 (West), 888-489-8944 (Midwest), 888-350-3247 (South), or 888-953-9669 (East) ReproTech’s educational pages on Fertility Preservation. Website by Hooker and Company Advertising © Copyright 2020 Fertility Preservation. All Rights Reserved. NEWS \| CONTACT Ovarian Tissue Oocyte Testicular Tissue	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0125.json.gz/line1169
__label__wiki	0.844633	0.844633	MODEL 500 6 Titles No UFO's Remixes METROPLEX M 046EP Big Detroit classic packaged with a second of 12" remixes from Moodymann and Luciano. METRO 002EP Classic Juan Atkins electro tracks from 1985. A Detroit classic. As relevant today as in its 1986 original release, Night Drive defined a sound and a movement. This seminal release inspired a generation in Detroit, a generation that went on to define the genre. The timeless vocal holds its power in 2016 with the same intensity it held in 1986. Detroit pressed, official re-master. Sound Of Stereo/Off To Battle Pressed in Detroit. Another monstrous Metroplex essential gets reissued. Late '80s electro funk from Juan Atkins as Model 500. "Off To Battle" seriously laid down the foundations for what was to come next from experimental Detroit. Metroplex continue to re-release their early classics. METRO 002CD Digital Solutions is a culmination of a 35-year relationship with music production for the mastermind behind Model 500, techno pioneer Juan Atkins. Marking the 30th anniversary of Metroplex in a genre that has taken over on a global scale, Digital Solutions is only the second full length album ever to be released on the seminal cornerstone of dance music. Definitive Detroit is what the world has come to expect from Atkins, and this selection of tracks delivers just that. Exploring both electro and straight four on the floor, Digital Solutions gives a glimpse into what will be deemed a blueprint for the next 30 years. Model 500 and Metroplex welcome you to the future with Digital Solutions. METRO 002LP Double LP version. Digital Solutions is a culmination of a 35-year relationship with music production for the mastermind behind Model 500, techno pioneer Juan Atkins. Marking the 30th anniversary of Metroplex in a genre that has taken over on a global scale, Digital Solutions is only the second full length album ever to be released on the seminal cornerstone of dance music. Definitive Detroit is what the world has come to expect from Atkins, and this selection of tracks delivers just that. Exploring both electro and straight four on the floor, Digital Solutions gives a glimpse into what will be deemed a blueprint for the next 30 years. Model 500 and Metroplex welcome you to the future with Digital Solutions. ECHOSPACE ECHOSPACE 313CD This is the remastered original "Starlight" from the Godfather of Techno, Juan Atkins aka Model 500, originally released on 12" by Metroplex in 1995. Includes 9 new remixes specially commissioned by Echospace. This classic masterpiece was originally engineered by Basic Channel's Moritz von Oswald and recorded at the Basic Channel studio in Berlin sometime in 1993-1994. Upon release, this track quickly became a cult favorite from Derrick May to Derrick Carter, and infected house, techno, ambient and even dub DJs alike. A song so powerful, it led to a change in techno music forever and was a shining example of what Detroit was all about: innovation. Juan Atkins was the first person to apply the word "techno" to music. He found new ways of making sound, and in so doing, he influenced nearly every genre of music in the 1980s and beyond. Yet his name is not well- known beyond the world of electronic dance music. He might, in fact, be one of the most obscure of modern music's true pioneers. This CD has been mixed together seamlessly for an uninterrupted listening excursion through the many shapes and forms of this song's incarnations. First, we offer the remastered original from Ron "Motown" Murphy, who spent countless hours restoring this treasure from 1/4" tapes. Then we find ourselves captivated in the pure, refined deepness of Deepchord's towering menace of space and bass. Echospace manage to give Juan's original just enough percussion flare, with wave frequencies rushing through a field of delay which spin around your head. This leads into a widescreen electro rendition from Soultek, and Convextion serves up some Kompakt-ish schaffel grooves, but with a hypnotic Detroit effect. Mike Huckaby makes good use of the Waldorf Wave before we enter ambient territory from Echospace who combine daring production techniques with vibrant forms of texture and color. Sean Deason presents a stomping killer with devastatingly beautiful synthesized notes and a sweet 909, and Phase90 presents breathtaking pads and a slow motion effect so powerful, it could only be compared to the works of Thomas Köner or Wolfgang Voigt's Gas project -- this is love in lo-fi. Finally, Intrusion takes it out with a dubbed-out, dreamy ambient voyage.	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0125.json.gz/line1181
__label__cc	0.6219	0.3781	Why has nothing from Pop been played since Elevation Tour? Pages: 1 2 3 4 5 [6] 7 8 9 10 11 ... 16 Go Down Author Topic: Why has nothing from Pop been played since Elevation Tour? (Read 24414 times) Drowning Man/Woman I won't pay the usual fee Re: Why has nothing from Pop been played since Elevation Tour? You are not allowed to view links. Register or Login They haven't played anything from POP since the Elevation tour because NLOTH was a bad album and they decided to play arenas/stadiums for Vertigo and stadiums only for 360. Can't believe you can't see this! .... because NLOTH is not a bad album. It's the best U2 record since 1997. But then, I like bands that don't try and stuff their albums full of pop hits but just try to make the best records they can. NLOTH just doesn't fit into your idea of what a good U2 record should be but fits into what U2's idea of what a good record should be. Why can't U2 do a three hour setlist? The longest show on the 360 tour was 2hrs 37mins. That's a good length. Not everyone can play drums for three hundred hours on tour, or sing for three hours a night. That is damn hard work. First off, ATYCLB was better than No Line (in my opinion). Second, I don't think anybody on U2 would have much trouble playing three-hour setlists except Bono; in his old(ish) age his voice needs to stay fresh every night. As a drummer, I can honestly say that Larry's playing isn't exactly exhausting. Springsteen's 10 years older than Bono and he still sounds good....and he plays 3 hour sets. Same thing with McCartney and he's 70. It can be done with the right amount of coaching and care for the voice. Now if Bono had gone crazy with the drugs like many other singers, he might not be able to do it.....but the fact that he still sounds pretty good today (aside from the occasional off note) seems to indicate that they could do 3 hour sets easily. And it honestly surprises me that they don't. They could easily do 30 songs and people would not get bored. It'd allow them to cover stuff from their new CD (even if it's not a smashing success) plus stuff from their other CDs in addition to the greatest hits. I don't know if Bono takes voice lessons, but if he doesn't, might be something work starting on. Even in the best singers it can make a tremendous difference in terms of control and longevity. Yeah, but I don't see Springsteen or McCartney doing falsettos and other vocal tricks as often or as well as Bono. If Bono just sang Elevation, Beautiful Day, SBS, and Vertigo for three hours I think he'd be perfectly fine, but if you throw in Bad, The Unforgettable Fire, Miss Sarajevo, and Please in there you might end up with a little bit of a warn-down voice the next night. Falsetto is actually a lot easier on the male vocal chords than normal singing. You can hear bono singing falsetto deliberately on some of the songs where he just can't reach the notes any more for example Pride or Bad. As they stand songs like Bad, TUF and Please have no falsetto at all. Bono adds it when he can't reach the notes using his normal singing voice Springsteen has a very average voice and not much vocal range. Where as Bono sings the opera. It's those tight trousers again I bet you can't take your eyes of 'em, can you Dreamlover? Sugarcube Who wouldn't be aroused by a short Irish man in tight leather trousers with a sock stuffed down the front That's not a sock; there's a reason why the B-man is a tenor. Is it a cucumber? I'm sorry, Dreamlover, I can't help you. Then get yourself to muddymatches.co.uk It's a dating site for farmers Does the site ask the sheep what they look for in a prospective date? Not sure - more of a horse man myself mattressjedi You gave the impression you're all clued up on the site. There are horses on farms too......... I am but draw the line at sheep. I prefer a majestic Stallion I think Chris Martin looks more like a Geography teacher than a majestic Stallion. But then I don't know what he's like in the bedroom. Put it this way, he insists on calling me Gwyneth I bet you just hate that, when he rolls off and calls you by his wife's name. MEN! Pages: 1 2 3 4 5 [6] 7 8 9 10 11 ... 16 Go Up	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0125.json.gz/line1182
__label__cc	0.532734	0.467266	Categories > Anime/Manga > Ranma 1/2 The Private Eyes of Tendo Nabiki: The Case of the Battered Sister by Narsil 0 reviews Kuno is arrested for a crime his father doesn't think he committed, and Tendo Nabiki is on the case! Category: Ranma 1/2 - Rating: PG-13 - Genres: - Characters: Akane,Nabiki - Published: 2012-08-01 - Updated: 2012-08-02 - 5484 words - Complete 1Exciting “Oh, heredity is a wonderful thing. I never knew my parents, yet at the tender age of five I stole the abbot’s silver belt buckle. When I was six I made off with his jade ink stone. On my eighth birthday I stole the gold tassels from the abbot’s best hat, and I still take pride in the feat because he happened to be wearing the hat at the time. When I was eleven I exchanged the abbot’s bronze incense burners for a couple of jars of wine and got royally drunk in the Alley of Flies, and at thirteen I borrowed his silver candlesticks and tiptoed into the Alley of Four Hundred Forbidden Delights. Youth!” cried Master Li. “How sweet yet sadly swift pass the halcyon days of our innocence. “The abbot of the Monastery of Sh’u was truly heroic,” he said. “He had vowed to raise me as his own, and he kept his word, and so well did he pound an education into my head that I eventually did quite well in my chin-shih examination. When I left the monastery, it was not in pursuit of scholarship, however, but in pursuit of an unparalleled career in crime. It was quite a shock for me to discover that crime was so easy it was boring. I reluctantly turned to scholarship, and by the accident of handing in some good papers I was entombed in the Forest of Culture Academy as a research fellow, and I escaped from that morgue by bribing the court eunuchs to get me an appointment as a military strategist. I managed to lose a few battles in the approved manner, and then I became one of the emperor’s wandering persuaders, and then Governor of Yu, and it was in the last occupation that the light finally dawned. I was trying to get enough evidence to hang the loathsome Dog-Meat General of Wu-san, but he was so slippery that I couldn’t prove a thing. Fortunately the Yellow River was flooding again, and I managed to convince the priests that the only way to appease the river god was through the custom of the ancients. So the Dog-Meat General disappeared beneath the waves tied to a gray horse — I was sorry about the horse, but it was the custom — and I tendered my resignation. Solving crime, I had belatedly discovered, was at least a hundred times more difficult than committing it, so I hung the sign of a half-closed eye above my door and I have never regretted it.” — Master Li to Number Ten Ox, Bridge of Birds, by Barry Hughart /oOo\ Every Sherlock Holmes needs a Watson to be a sounding board, provide extra muscle (or in some cases the muscle), and to make him look good by comparison — and not so incidentally, to act as the chronicler of the master detective’s exploits. In the case of Tendo Nabiki, fate seems to have picked me for that role. My name is Saotome Akane, master of the Saotome-Tendo School of Anything Goes Martial Arts, wife of Saotome Ranma, and sister of Tendo Nabiki. If you’ve lived in Japan for any length of time you’ve probably heard of Tendo Nabiki’s exploits, if not of her. If you are a part of the Martial Arts community you may have heard of the events surrounding The Case of the Ruined Sake. If you are a member of Japanese Intelligence you’ve almost certainly heard of The Case of the Russian Diplomat. And the entire world has heard of The Case of the Emperor’s Wedding. But everyone starts somewhere, and Nabiki wasn’t always famous even in the law enforcement community. For her, it started during her last year of high school. It had begun as a normal day, for those living at the Tendo Dojo anyway — get in a fight with my future husband at the breakfast table; have Ranma get splashed by the ladle lady on the way to school and turned into a girl, courtesy of Jusenkyo (yes, it’s that Satome Ranma); have Kuno Tatewaki attempt to hug us both while demanding that both his “fiery Akane” and “pig-tailed goddess” (Ranma again) accept his boon of being allowed to date him; the two of us seeing how far we could knock Kuno in return, while Nabiki took bets on distance and how long he would be unconscious — it had been months since she had been able to get anyone to accept a bet on any other outcome, no matter how high the odds. It was at this point that things took a turn for the weird even for us. No sooner did Kuno hit the ground unconscious, then a policeman stepped through the school doors, talking on a cell phone. Within a minute, a police van pulled onto the school grounds and four more policemen jumped out of the back, wrapped Kuno up in enough chains to hold an elephant, tossed him in the back, and drove off, leaving the entire observing student body stunned into silence. Except for Nabiki, that is — she was demonstrating a vocabulary that I had never realized she had as she cursed Ranma and me, Kuno, and the police to the deepest pits while ranting about the money she might have just lost. It seemed that one of the things she’d taken bets on months earlier was that my constant morning fights would lead to Kuno’s arrest. The bets had carried high odds, thanks to Kuno’s money and social status and his father being principal of the school, and now Nabiki was facing the possibility of one of the most massive payouts in her short career as a bookie. With the excitement over, there was nothing to do but head to class and speculate on what that had all been about. And speculate we all did, with the general consensus being that someone had finally complained about Kuno’s constant attacks on me and Ranma to someone that the Kuno fortune couldn’t buy off and the Kuno social status couldn’t scare off, all of which made those that had bet on the possibility very happy. The speculation got even more intense when Nabiki was summoned to Principal Kuno’s office just before lunch. Then, half an hour into lunch the intercom summoned me and Kazuki, the school’s foremost computer nerd, to the principal’s office as well. This was not good at all, trips to the principal’s office involved bizarre haircuts, exploding pineapples, and booby traps, all courtesy of Principal Kuno. Only, this time it didn’t. We were met by a secretary and escorted through the booby traps, and there wasn’t an exploding pineapple in sight. And when we were led into his office, he didn’t look like the same Principal Kuno all the students hated, either. Oh, his outward appearance hadn’t changed — he was still dressed in a floral print shirt, wearing a lei, and had a small palm tree on top of his head. But where before he’d always been filled with a manic (not to say maniacal) energy, now he was slumped at his desk with his head in his hands, and looked tired and old. He sat up when the secretary announced me and Kazuki, and pointed at two seats in front of his desk on either side of the one Nabiki was sitting in. After we sat down he stared at us for a minute, then shrugged and without the fake Hawaiian accent and slang said, “Nabiki has taken on a job for me, and requested your help. You are excused from any classes you need to miss in order to accomplish whatever tasks she asks of you, and you have access to whatever school resources you need.” Looking at Nabiki, he asked, “Is that satisfactory?” Nabiki nodded and said, “That’ll do.” She stood up and headed for the door. “Come on, you two, we’ve got places to go.” Turning in the doorway and looking back at Principal Kuno, she added, “Don’t forget those bodyguards.” He just chuckled and waved us on. “Now that you’ve pointed out the need, I think you can trust me to take care of it.” Nabiki led us down to the currently empty computer lab and motioned Kazuki toward his favorite computer, then sat herself across from him while I took a seat next to her. “I’m sure by now the two of you are wondering what’s going on,” she said, and smirked when I glared at her. “Well, it has to do with what happened to Kuno Tatewaki this morning. It seems that after he left for school Kodachi’s very badly beaten body was discovered in her bedroom. She’s in surgery right now, and may not survive. As for Tatewaki, the police have arrested him for attempted murder, murder if she dies as a result of the beating. Principal Kuno doesn’t believe it, and has hired me to find the real killer.” Kazuki shook his head at that. “The evidence must be pretty damning, if the police have made an arrest already. And why hire you instead of a professional?” Nabiki shrugged. “For the second, he’s being a skinflint as well as in a hurry, and I know the people around the schools fairly well. As for the first, that’s what you are going to find out. I want you to hack into the police database and access whatever records they have for the case.” Kazuki stiffened for a moment, then sat back and shook his head. “Not a chance. Playing around as part of your organization is one thing, interfering in an ongoing investigation is something else entirely.” “Relax, Kazuki,” Nabiki replied. “I don’t want you to alter anything, just download whatever they have and set it up so that you’ll be alerted if they add or alter any of the records.” Kazuki thought about it for a moment, then nodded. “All right, I’ll do it — for twenty times my usual rates.” “No problem,” Nabiki said with a grin, “Principal Kuno’s paying for it this time.” Kazuki immediately turned to his computer, turned it on, and started doing who knows what. “And what about me?” I asked. “Why am I along for the ride?” Nabiki just quirked an eyebrow at me. “Why, I should think that’s obvious, considering the shape Kodachi is in — you’re my bodyguard.” “And what is my cut?” I asked, then grinned at Nabiki’s flabbergasted look. “Hey, Kazuki’s getting paid, you’re getting paid, so I’m getting paid, too.” Nabiki glared at me, then sighed and nodded when all I did was cross my arms and glare back, then glanced sideways at Kazuki. “Kazuki, you’ll send what you find to my personal computer as soon as you get it?” At his distracted nod she stood up and said to me, “All right, come on, let’s head for home. We’ll discuss your wage on the way.” As we walked toward the estate we settled on 1,500 yen an hour, starting when Principal Kuno gave us our marching orders. Then I asked the question that had been bothering me ever since Nabiki had told me what she wanted from me. “Nabiki, why me?” “Why not Ranma, you mean?” “Yeah, I guess. I mean, you could probably talk the idiot into doing it for a small reduction in his debt, maybe even for free. So why not?” Nabiki gave me a sharp look, then chuckled. “Yeah, I could get Ranma for cheap — Ranma, and then Shampoo, and Mouse, and maybe even Ryoga, and who knows who else? All followed by a major brawl. No, thank you, I’ll settle for you, and some peace while I investigate.” I just shook my head ruefully; Nabiki had an excellent point about the chaos that followed Ranma wherever he went (and still does). Well, it turned out that being a bodyguard can be pretty boring, especially when you are just sitting around waiting for information. It took several hours for Kazuki to forward the available police records on Kodachi’s assault, and as soon as they arrived Nabiki abandoned the DVD we’d been watching to check out the file. The first picture turned out to be of Kodachi at the crime scene, and after I saw it I decided to skip the rest. Nabiki’s only comment was, “Good thing her father’s loaded, she’s going to need top-notch plastic surgeons.” So while I watched TV, Nabiki spent several hours scrutinizing photos, maps, records and interviews. Finally, big sis shut down her computer and stood up. “Come on, little sis, we’re off!” “Off where?” I asked, and she grinned. “Why, to the scene of the crime, of course!” Nabiki said, and so after a quick phone call we set off for the Kuno mansion. I admit it was nice to be able to get in without worrying about booby traps, being met at the front gate by a woman, one of the Kuno family ninjas (loose black clothing, single-toed slippers, hood, the works) for escort. It was a bit of a surprise, though, when Nabiki waved off a chance to interview the servants or view the crime scene. “Why repeat the police’s work?” she said, and asked to see Kodachi’s bedroom, instead. No surprise, her bedroom was huge, and magnificent, and very uncluttered — having servants to pick up after you must be nice. Still, Nabiki looked through the closets closely, paying special attention to the closet full of sports equipment — hoops, ribbons, pins, leotards, a pair of ice skates ... nothing unusual, I thought. But Nabiki found something interesting there, staring into the closet for a full minute after she finished searching it. Then, she turned her attention to Kodachi’s drawers, looking through all the clothing and underwear, chuckling when she found a box of condoms tucked away among her school supplies (dumping out the packets in the box into her palm and looking them over for a moment), and raising an eyebrow at a drawer full of odds and ends — medals with the ribbons crumpled up around them, movie ticket stubs, pamphlets of various plays and museums, some old photos of a woman I guessed was her mother in plastic coating, another of a smiling girl in a maid’s uniform. “Kodachi’s personal maid?” Nabiki asked the ninja that had escorted us from the gates, and at her nod pocketed the photo. “What’s her name?” “Nobunaga Mai, Mistress.” Finally, Nabiki turned to Kodachi’s desk, opening the drawers, pulling out files and glancing through the contents, occasionally paying closer attention. One in particular she studied for some time before returning everything neatly back to its original place. After that, she turned to the ninja and asked to be shown the path onto the estate through the security system. When the ninja acted surprised at the suggestion, Nabiki said with a smirk, “This is a home of a clan of ninjas, of course there’s a secret way out!” At that, the ninja (who never bothered to give us her name, rude of her) murmured something in a language I didn’t recognize, much less understand, and listened to empty air, then nodded and motioned for us to follow her. She took us through a section of the mansion that, while clean enough to make my older sister Kasumi happy, had an unused feel to it, like it was a museum more than a home, and eventually to a door at the back of the house that opened onto a small garden. We walked alongside the meandering garden path, at Nabiki’s insistence walking on the grass to the side, Nabiki scanning the path as we walked. When we reached the place where the path came closest to the estate wall the ninja turned toward the wall only to freeze at Nabiki’s shout of “Stop!” The ninja froze in place, and Nabiki asked, “I take it this section of wall is free of video surveillance?” At the ninja’s nod she continued, “What about motion detectors?” “No, mistress, motion detectors have the same problem as video surveillance. However, there are weight sensors on the wall that will sound an alarm in the mansion while activating video cameras if you don’t know how to temporarily deactivate them.” Nabiki nodded, and asked which section of the wall would have the sensors deactivated, then walked alongside the most direct path carefully scanning the grass, and nodded in satisfaction at reaching the flower bed along the wall and motioned us over. There at the foot of the wall was a pair of footprints, one set facing toward the mansion and another, partly overlaying the first, facing the wall, the shape of the soles and heels clearly outlined. “I’m afraid you are going to have to create another way out for yourselves, because the police are going to learn about this one. Who knows about this exit?” The ninja had been staring at the footprints in shock, but finally shook her head, and with more respect than she’d been showing us up to now said, “I believed that only the ninja sworn to the Kuno family knew of this, but obviously I was wrong. I will let my superior know and I am certain inquiries will be made.” “At a guess, I suspect you will find that Tatewaki and Kodachi were both told shortly after they became teenagers,” Nabiki said, and turned back towards the mansion. “Anyway, we’re done out here — anything else to be learned will require experts, pass the word to let the police know about this.” With a silent nod, the ninja led us back to the house, again avoiding walking on the path at Nabiki’s insistence, and we were soon out the front gates and on our way home. As soon as we got home, Nabiki was on the phone and within half an hour seven of the girls in her little organization were with us in her room. She was less than happy with me being there, but by now I was curious and insisted, not that the meeting lasted very long: “Junko, I want you to make three copies of this photo. Once she’s made the copies, Emi, Kana, Midori, you three are the best fast talkers, I want you to take them and hit the pharmacies in the wards around Nerima and find out which one the girl in the photo, Nobunaga Mai, used to buy condoms, and how long ago. Check the ones close to the first train stops outside of Nerima. Eriko, Shizu, Hideko, I want you to check the ice skating rinks. Focus on the ones between St. Hebereke Girls’ Academy and Kolkhoz High, or off to the side of both without being too close. Find out which one Kodachi’s been using to practice, and how long, and get a description of the guy she practices with. But don’t make a big deal about who she’s with.” “Cute girl, nice outfit. Cosplay?” Junko asked on being handed the photo, then simply grinned at Nabiki’s quelling glare. “Right, I can’t spill what I don’t know. Right on it, boss,” and the group broke up. “So Akane, just how long has it been since Kodachi made a try for Ranma?” Nabiki asked as we watched her underlings go their separate ways from our front door. I frowned at the question, thinking back — had it really been that long? “Two or three months, I’d say,” I responded, and Nabiki nodded thoughtfully. “In that case, I’d say that Kodachi’s maid bought those condoms about ... call it two months ago,” she predicted. “Why two months ago?” I asked. “Just because she hasn’t been around here lately and she’s got a box of condoms?” But she just shrugged. After a few minutes I knew I wasn’t going to get a response (there’s no point in badgering Nabiki — she just turns more stubborn, then makes you regret it later), so I asked instead, “So what was in that file you found so fascinating?” “Oh, just some plans for setting up a Martial Arts Ice Skating tournament,” she said offhandedly. “Really, just that? For something that had nothing to do with the attack you certainly spent a lot of time looking through it.” “Who said it had nothing to do with the attack?” she responded with a grin, then headed back to her room. It was several boring days of following Nabiki around before her amateur investigators reported. The news from the hospital during those days was cautiously optimistic — Kodachi had survived the emergency surgery and was now in an intensive care unit. The doctors still said it was a coin toss whether she’d live and less likely she’d every wake up, but that was a decided improvement over the first day — Kodachi was tougher than she looked. Nabiki told me (when I asked) that the information on the footprints had been added to the police case file, but nothing seemed to have come of it and they still seemed focused on Tatewaki as the primary suspect. Then came the calls from Nabiki’s subordinates and a new meeting. “All right, what have you got?” Nabiki asked when her six subordinates were again gathered in her room. “Let’s start with the pharmacies. Emi?” Emi, Kana and Midori exchanged glances, then Emi said, “You were dead right, boss, ‘my good friend Mai’ purchased condoms at the second pharmacy I checked close to the second train stop past Nerima, about two and a half months ago.” She grinned. “It’s a good thing she’s such a beautiful girl, the clerk remembered her clearly. Actually, I think he tried to pick her up — he may have succeeded, from the way he acted, I suspect he’s seen her a lot more recently than two months.” Nabiki’s eyebrow rose, but she turned to Eriko, Shizu and Hideko. “So, how about the skating rink?” she asked. “I found it,” Hideko said eagerly, while the other two girls rolled their eyes. “Right between the two high schools, like you suggested. She’s been practicing there almost every afternoon for around half a year. Her practice partner is tall, brown-haired, handsome, and with the biggest ego the skating rink staff has ever seen — and that’s saying something, apparently. Still, that ego didn’t keep a couple of them from having his picture and glaring at each other. It’s Mikado Sanzenin.” “Interesting thought, I’ll keep it in mind,” Nabiki said blandly. “All right, now give me the details, people — which pharmacies and rinks you visited and in what order, who you talked to, exactly what they said as best you can remember, everything.” The rest of the meeting took several hours to get all the details Nabiki asked for. After the six girls left, I finally got the opportunity to ask, “So it was Sanzenin?” “I think so,” Nabiki said. “But why?” I asked. Big sis shrugged. “Why were they together, or why did he try to kill her?” she asked. “This is all speculation, of course,” she cautioned. “But I suspect they got together because of Kodachi’s ego. She’s good at martial arts gymnastics, but it just isn’t all that popular — once she graduates from high school, she won’t be able to use it to enjoy the spotlight. Martial arts ice skating isn’t all that popular, either, but single women and couples ice skating certainly is. Grace, skill and good looks can take you far in that sport, and she had two, so she just needed to acquire the third and set up a tournament to show off her talents in her new martial art — all of them — and she’d be set to keep center stage for years. “But for that, she needed a trainer and a partner. Because of the way that she was keeping track of Ranma in both forms, she knew that Sanzenin was sidelined for a time and lost his partner. I suspect she looked him up and offered to make him her partner — she’d get the training she needed and a handsome partner, he’d get to return to the spotlight he’d enjoyed. “Unfortunately for her, he has as big an ego as she does. He probably thought that she would be another Azusa — only she wasn’t, and it must have become quickly clear to him that she had no intention of becoming a junior partner or allowing herself to be perceived as such. I don’t know which of the two seduced who first, but he succeeded in turning it into a true love affair, at least on her part.” “Oh, come on, now you’re making things up,” I scoffed. “There’s no way you could know that!” Nabiki just smirked. “The movie ticket stubs in Kodachi’s drawer,” she said. “Do you keep them after the movie?” I shook my head. “Neither do I,” she continued. “Neither does anyone, unless there’s something important about the movies that turns them into keepsakes, like a date with your love — or lover.” “The box of condoms,” I said. “The box of condoms,” Nabiki agreed. “There’s no way Kodachi is going to buy those herself, so who else would she trust to buy them for her but a family servant that she’d close enough to, to have the girl’s picture in her drawer? So Sanzenin’s now Kodachi’s lover — she’s shown him how to get through the Kuno estate’s security so he can visit her without being seen — but he finds that she’s no more malleable after becoming his lover than she was before. Certainly, the fact that she professed to be in love with Ranma didn’t make her amenable to his suggestions, I don’t see why it should be any different with Sanzenin. In the end, his ego can’t handle it. But he can’t just quit, Kodachi’s been training hard. If he quits, he turns his partner into a competitor — and one with the looks, possibly the skill, and definitely the money needed to outshine him. So one night he sneaks in to visit her yet again, only this time he tries to beat her to death with one of her brother’s bokkens.” I had to shake my head in amazement. It all seemed to fit together, it fit what we’d found in Kodachi’s bedroom, but I would never have put it all together, myself. “So, what now?” I asked. “Now, I have a talk with the police, call up Principle Kuno and present my bill, and you can thankfully stop shadowing my every footstep,” big sis replied. And so it was. She placed a call to the police, and an Inspector Higo came out to visit us. She refused to let me be in the room when she spoke with him (she said I had a lousy poker face), but as curious as I was I waiting around when the inspector left. As he stepped out of the front door on his way out, Inspector Higo turned around. “You know, the investigation you did was very impressive, even with the advantage knowing all the players gave you. Have you considered joining the police?” Nabiki shook her head with a grimace. “No, too much paperwork, too many people looking over your shoulder, too much grunt work before you work your way up the ranks.” He chuckled. “You’re going to find that, whatever organization you join,” he pointed out. “Well, if you change your mind let me know and I’ll put in a good word for you.” She watched him leave, an unusually introspective look on her face. “He does have a point,” she muttered. “This has been fun, but I’d much rather be my own boss. I’ll have to think about this....” Then she noticed I was watching, and her face took on its usual look of amused superiority. Within a few days I had my payment for my bodyguarding, more money than I’d ever had in one time in my life. Through Nabiki’s back door to the case’s files, we knew the police were repeating Nabiki’s investigation. It didn’t take long until Tatewaki was dropped as a suspect, but they kept him in jail for a little longer — just long enough to keep Sanzenin thinking he was safe, until they dropped the hammer on him. A month later, Kodachi awoke from her coma. The final act took place months later. Nabiki was making plans for college, Ranma and I were enjoying the break between school years and rejoicing that we’d dodged the bullet with the wedding fiasco. All was as usual, when a stretch limousine pulled up in front of our home and the driver let Kodachi out. Her face was still heavily bandaged from the latest plastic surgery, and she seemed — almost withdrawn, certainly not the energetic lunatic I’d known for years. It came as a complete surprise when she asked to seem Nabiki, instead of Ranma. Nabiki happened to be home that afternoon, and the three of us were soon enjoying some of Kasumi’s favorite tea in the family room (Nabiki asked me to stick around, just in case, when I fetched her from her room). After a few minutes of silence as we all gave the tea the attention it deserved, Kodachi put down her cup and came straight to the point. “Father tells me that it is because of you that Mi — Sanzenin-san was arrested for my near-death,” she said abruptly. “I owe you my life.” Nabiki just shrugged. “I doubt it,” she said nonchalantly. But Kodachi shook her head. “It was you that remembered the need for bodyguards. Without that, Mi — Sanzenin-san would have had the opportunity to try again, once it became clear that I wasn’t going to die, after all. No, I owe you a debt — and the Kunos always pay their debts.” Nabiki looked thoughtful for a moment, then grinned. “You’re an expert chemist, right?” she asked. Kodachi looked baffled at the odd question, but nodded. “Then we’ll just mark this one up to a ‘someday’ favor — as in, someday I’ll ask you to put that to good use for me. How about it?” “That is all?” Kodachi asked as I stared at my big sister in shock, stunned that she wasn’t squeezing Kodachi for all she was worth, and Nabiki shrugged again. “Your father paid me well, and I may need your skills very badly sometime down the road,” she tossed off. Kodachi gazed at her for a time, then nodded brusquely, thanked us for our hospitality, and took her leave. It was years later that I finally found out what Nabiki had in mind that afternoon. AN: I started this story quite awhile ago, when someone was posting a series of episodes on Anime Addventures where Ranma was a member of the Tokyo CSI unit. The episodes were deleted for grammatical errors, but not before there was some speculation as to what Nabiki was up to. It occurred to me that she probably wouldn't be all that great of a team player, but would make a handy private investigator and decided to write my own story. It ought to be easy enough, right? You come up with a crime, who did it and why, figure out what the clues are that the police might miss but a sharp-eyed PI can catch, write up the story of how your hero finds and reveals them, and viola! According to Sir Arthur Conan Doyle's son, his father could knock out a Sherlock Holmes story in a few hours. Well, it turns out it's a lot harder than it looks and Doyle was a frikkin' genius. I doubt I'll write any more of these, but it's at Anime Addventure for anyone that wants to play, post April 12, 2010. The rules are that each episode is a complete case, and the options are other cases. They can be repeats of the ones I have that no one's used, or entirely new ones. The cases don't need to be in chronological order, but should follow the Sherlock Holmes/CSI format — a minimum of personal sidestory information and the focus on the case itself. Sign up to rate and review this story	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0125.json.gz/line1183
__label__cc	0.616713	0.383287	Apogee Enterprises, Inc. Earnings Missed Analyst Estimates: Here's What Analysts Are Forecasting Now Apogee Enterprises, Inc. (NASDAQ:APOG) just released its latest third-quarter report and things are not looking great. It wasn't a great result overall - while revenue fell marginally short of analyst estimates at US$338m, statutory earnings missed forecasts by an incredible 25%, coming in at just US$0.57 per share. Earnings are an important time for investors, as they can track a company's performance, look at what top analysts are forecasting for next year, and see if there's been a change in sentiment towards the company. So we gathered the latest post-earnings forecasts to see what analysts' statutory forecasts suggest is in store for next year. View our latest analysis for Apogee Enterprises NasdaqGS:APOG Past and Future Earnings, December 22nd 2019 Taking into account the latest results, the most recent consensus for Apogee Enterprises from five analysts is for revenues of US$1.46b in 2021, which is an okay 4.9% increase on its sales over the past 12 months. Statutory earnings per share are expected to soar 130% to US$3.26. Before this earnings report, analysts had been forecasting revenues of US$1.51b and earnings per share (EPS) of US$3.58 in 2021. It's pretty clear that analyst sentiment has fallen after the latest results, leading to lower revenue forecasts and a small dip in earnings per share estimates. It'll come as no surprise then, to learn that analysts have cut their price target 7.7% to US$41.83. The consensus price target just an average of individual analyst targets, so - considering that the price target changed, it would be handy to see how wide the range of underlying estimates is. There are some variant perceptions on Apogee Enterprises, with the most bullish analyst valuing it at US$50.00 and the most bearish at US$35.00 per share. As you can see, analysts are not all in agreement on the stock's future, but the range of estimates is still reasonably narrow, which could suggest that the outcome is not totally unpredictable. It can be useful to take a broader overview by seeing how analyst forecasts compare, both to the Apogee Enterprises's past performance and to peers in the same market. It's pretty clear that analysts expect Apogee Enterprises's revenue growth will slow down substantially, with revenues next year expected to grow 4.9%, compared to a historical growth rate of 10% over the past five years. Compare this to the other companies in this market with analyst coverage, which are forecast to grow their revenue at 4.1% per year. Factoring in the forecast slowdown in growth, it looks like analysts are expecting Apogee Enterprises to grow at about the same rate as the wider market. The most important thing to take away is that analysts downgraded their earnings per share estimates, showing that there has been a clear decline in sentiment following these results. Analysts also downgraded their revenue estimates, although as we saw earlier, forecast growth is only expected to be about the same as the wider market. The consensus price target fell measurably, with analysts seemingly not reassured by the latest results, leading to a lower estimate of Apogee Enterprises's future valuation. With that in mind, we wouldn't be too quick to come to a conclusion on Apogee Enterprises. Long-term earnings power is much more important than next year's profits. At Simply Wall St, we have a full range of analyst estimates for Apogee Enterprises going out to 2022, and you can see them free on our platform here.. You can also see whether Apogee Enterprises is carrying too much debt, and whether its balance sheet is healthy, for free on our platform here. Lundin Petroleum (STO:LUPE) Shareholders Have Enjoyed An Impressive 172% Share Price Gain Did You Miss Investors Title's (NASDAQ:ITIC) Impressive 122% Share Price Gain? Does BAE Systems plc (LON:BA.) Have A Good P/E Ratio? A Rising Share Price Has Us Looking Closely At Zynex, Inc.'s (NASDAQ:ZYXI) P/E Ratio Introducing H&E Equipment Services (NASDAQ:HEES), A Stock That Climbed 48% In The Last Five Years Palladium’s Biggest Miner Says Market Is In a Bubble	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0125.json.gz/line1186
__label__wiki	0.766444	0.766444	Quincy Jones Headlines Avid’s Stellar Lineup of Music Creators for Its 2020 NAMM Show Main Stage Events GlobeNewswire January 16, 2020 Music and audio pros at all stages of their careers will learn from top producers, editors and mixers BURLINGTON, Mass., Jan. 16, 2020 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- Avid® (Nasdaq: AVID) has announced the extensive Main Stage event schedule for its 2020 NAMM Show booth, including very special guest and legendary producer, songwriter and composer Quincy Jones. An extraordinary line-up of audio professionals will appear in 56 sessions on Avid’s Main Stage (booth #15502, North Hall, Anaheim Convention Center, Jan. 16-19). These sessions are the premier source to learn about music, audio post production and live sound where presenters will exchange ideas and give workflow demos highlighting Avid’s newest products, features, and tips and tricks to aspiring music creators attending the show. “Avid’s Main Stage events have big value for seasoned and aspiring professionals alike, whether it’s a session on music production, audio post, immersive audio mixing, or music creation,” said Rob D’Amico, Director of Product Marketing for Audio Solutions at Avid. “Every year, we call on the Avid user community to build an unsurpassed schedule that delivers a massive benefit to all NAMM attendees to learn from the best of the best, including this year’s very special guest Quincy Jones.” Each year at NAMM, Avid’s Main Stage is the place for anyone to learn from the most accomplished creators in music and audio post-production. Renowned producers, editors and mixers appearing this year are known for their work with artists such as Beyoncé, Lana Del Rey and Adele, on films including Lady and the Tramp and The Greatest Showman, and with touring bands including Metallica and the Red Hot Chili Peppers. Main Stage highlights include: Mastering engineer Jett Galindo, whose credits span multiple genres and legendary artists including Bette Midler, Randy Travis and Roberta Flack, who will deliver powerful mastering tips and techniques for Pro Tools users in several sessions. Multiple sessions led by Grammy-nominated musician and DJ Matt Lange, who is best known for co-producing the albums “These Hopeful Machines” and Glenn Morrison’s “Goodbye” as well as releasing records with the most influential electronic dance music labels. He will share his experiences including how he created one of his newest album cuts using Dolby Atmos in Pro Tools. Saturday, Jan. 18 from 1-1:45 p.m.: Avid welcomes Quincy Jones, who will discuss his remarkable creative career spanning more than 60 years with a record 28 Grammy Awards, 80 Grammy nominations and a Grammy Legend Award in 1992. Saturday, Jan. 18 from 5-5:30 p.m.: At the NAMM Show, Avid continues to campaign for making technology increasingly accessible to visually impaired music and sound creators. Avid’s Ed Gray and Sam Butler will host a panel on the latest accessibility developments and best practices in music creation. Download the entire Main Stage schedule at www.avid.com. Avid also will stream exclusive video interviews with Main Stage presenters immediately following each session on Avid’s 2020 NAMM YouTube Playlist. Avid delivers the most open and efficient media platform, connecting content creation with collaboration, asset protection, distribution, and consumption. Avid’s preeminent customer community uses Avid’s comprehensive tools and workflow solutions to create, distribute and monetize the most watched, loved and listened to media in the world—from prestigious and award-winning feature films to popular television shows, news programs and televised sporting events, and celebrated music recordings and live concerts. With the most flexible deployment and pricing options, Avid’s industry-leading solutions include Media Composer®, Pro Tools®, Avid NEXIS®, MediaCentral®, iNEWS®, AirSpeed®, Sibelius®, Avid VENUE™, FastServe®, and Maestro™. For more information about Avid solutions and services, visit www.avid.com, connect with Avid on Facebook, Instagram, Twitter, YouTube, LinkedIn, or subscribe to Avid Blogs. © 2020 Avid Technology, Inc. All rights reserved. Avid, the Avid logo, Avid NEXIS, FastServe, AirSpeed, iNews, Maestro, MediaCentral, Media Composer, Pro Tools, Avid VENUE, and Sibelius are trademarks or registered trademarks of Avid Technology, Inc. or its subsidiaries in the United States and/or other countries. All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners. Product features, specifications, system requirements and availability are subject to change without notice. PR Contacts: Avid Red Lorry Yellow Lorry (Avid’s PR agency) Dave Smith Alex Humphries-French—UK 978-502-9607 Tanya Roberts—USA david.smith@avid.com avid@rlyl.com This week on "Sunday Morning" (January 26) Latest US economic data means a slowdown in hiring is coming This startup's electric air taxi is taking flight The rich should get ready for Elizabeth Warren’s wealth tax Future of Abercrombie & Fitch	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0125.json.gz/line1188
__label__cc	0.550782	0.449218	Stocks give up Santa Claus rally as 2019 winds down Jonathan Garber Stocks lost ground from record highs Monday, giving up virtually all of the Santa Claus rally during a sleepy holiday trading session. The term is used on Wall Street to refer to gains made on the last five trading days of the year and the first two of the following year. The losses came despite Peter Navarro, White House assistant for trade and manufacturing policy, telling Fox News that the phase one trade deal between the U.S. and China could be signed within the week. Navarro's comments came after the South China Morning Post reported China's top trade negotiator, Liu He, was leading a delegation that would arrive at the White House on Saturday with the directive of signing the partial agreement. Elsewhere, pending home sales bounced back from their October decline, growing 1.2 percent month-over-month. The housing market has shown recent signs of heating up heading into 2020 adding to the overall strength of the U.S. economy. In stock news, Tesla fell after the first Model 3 sedans rolled off its assembly line in China. Chinese rival Nio soared after an unaudited earnings report showed top and bottom-line results outpaced analyst expectations. The company expects deliveries to surge 66.7 percent quarter-over-quarter in Q4. Meanwhile, AstraZeneca slipped after receiving Food and Drug Administration approval for its pancreatic cancer drug Lynparza. Merck collaborates on this treatment as well. Looking at commodities, oil prices were mixed after the U.S. launched airstrikes in Iraq and Syria against an Iran-backed militia group. Brent crude oil, the international benchmark, was up 0.4 percent at $68.44 a barrel and West Texas Intermediate crude oil, the U.S. benchmark, was lower by 0.2 percent at $61.58. Elsewhere, gold was unchanged at $1,518 an ounce. U.S. Treasurys fell with the yield on the 10-year note up 2 basis points to 1.89 percent. In Europe, Germany's DAX lost 0.7 percent, the CAC 40 in Paris shed 0.9 percent and Britain's FTSE edged lower by 0.8 percent. In Asia, the Shanghai Composite index jumped 1.1 percent, lifted by expectations that a change in rules on lending will reduce funding costs. On Saturday, the People's Bank of China announced that as of January financial institutions should begin using a new loan-pricing system that will scrap the previous benchmark, which is at 4.35 percent, and use the loan prime rate, which is set at 4.15 percent. Elsewhere in Asia, Hong Kong's Hang Seng rose 0.3 percent, Tokyo's Nikkei index lost 0.8 percent in its final trading day of the year. Japan's markets will be closed until Jan. 7. FOX Business' Ken Martin and the Associated Press contributed to this article. Best Buy Celebrates 50 Yrs With Saleathon; Will It Turn 60? Canadian Solar Is Facing More Challenges Than It Appears Target Adds Private Bathrooms to Quell Transgender Debate China Cases Near 6,000 as WHO Prepares Briefing: Virus Update Boeing, McDonald's, Facebook, Microsoft, Tesla earnings: What to know in markets Wednesday Starbucks closes more than half of its China stores amid coronavirus Slovenia president to start talks on resolving crisis on Feb. 4 Stock market news live: Stocks recover some losses after worst day since October	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0125.json.gz/line1189
__label__cc	0.699244	0.300756	Nickelodeon is showing classic shows all month for their 25th Anniversary! YourOlympicHero Every weekday at 5:30 ET in June, Nickelodeon is having a Classic U-Pick in celebration of their 25th Anniversary. The choices for today were Angry Beavers, Doug and Rocko's Modern Life. Rocko's Modern Life won and the first episode of the series titled "No Pain, No Gain/Who Gives A Buck?" aired earlier. The choices for tomorrow are Clarissa Explains It All, The Secret World Of Alex Mack and You Can't Do That On Television. You can vote for your favorite at the U-Pick Website. Should be a fun month for us 80's kids. Find More Posts by YourOlympicHero Hopefully we will be seeing (probably the greatest teen angst show of all time) The Adventures of Pete & Pete one day... also Hey Dude and Salute Your Shorts. now where the hell are the dvds. Find More Posts by conscience Originally posted by conscience All 3 shows are confirmed to be choices in upcoming U-Picks this month. But remember, we have to vote! Last edited by YourOlympicHero; 06-02-04 at 10:28 AM. coladar Location: Falls Church, VA Damn, I was ready to start celebrating... I was hoping for a marathon of classic shows. Seeing a random episode is fun and all, but after Hey, Dude and Salute Your Shorts have been missing for so many years, I want to watch and archive the entire series. Pete and Pete was airing nightly on "Noggin" about a year back, so keep an eye open... They might still show it. Maybe I'm getting too old, but I've never even heard of "Angry Beavers"... Classic? Makes me concerned these polls might be completely ruled by young whipper snappers that haven't even heard of Hey, Dude and Salute Your Shorts. Find More Posts by coladar Originally posted by coladar Salute Your Shorts aired last summer on the digital cable channel Nickelodeon:GAS (Games and Sports For Kids). Hey Dude, Salute Your Shorts and The Adventures Of Pete And Pete will be choices this month in the classic U-Picks. We just have to vote them on. True about the voting. 'cuz if many of today's kids vote we will probably be seeing a lot more Rugratsesque stuff rather than You Can't Do that on Televisionesque stuff. Hurray! Salute your Shorts! Hey Dude! Location: Los Angeles , California You Can't Do That On Television !! Find More Posts by SPiRAL According to the U-Pick site, it looks like we'll be watching You Can't Do That On Television tomorrow! Clarissa Explains It All - 7% You Can't Do That on Television - 90% The Secret World of Alex Mack - 3% Is this going to be an episode with Alanis Morrisette? When Nick had their 20th Anniversary in 1999, they showed an Alanis episode of You Can't Do That On Television. They also showed an episode of Hi Honey, I'm Home! with A.J. McLean from the Backstreet Boys. I guess they were trying to relate the older shows to the younger kids through celebrities. nightwing82 For the 20th they aired basically ALL of their old shows! They aired more than one episode of YCDTOTV also, but they all had Alanis on them I believe. Find More Posts by nightwing82 Thanks for the post. I don't watch Nickelodeon and never would have known about this otherwise. I've got Tivo ready to record YCDTOT tonight. Looks like we'll be hosting an 80's party soon! Find More Posts by Renee Doc Moonlight Location: DFW Thnik we'll get the chance to vote on seeing an episode of "Roundhouse"? Find More Posts by Doc Moonlight Nick is 25?!? Does anyone besides me remember the huge "Nick is Nine" celebration? Visit Booth's homepage! Find More Posts by Booth PacMan2006 Did anyone watch some of the classic, kids Nick shows? Like, Eureeka's Castle or David the Gnome? Also, does anyone remember Guts or Legends of the Hidden Temple? Find More Posts by PacMan2006 I hated Eureeka's Castle but did like David the Gnome and like Today's Special. Loved watching Guts, didn't like Legends of the Hidden Temple. I would have rather watched Double Dare, Finder's Keepers... tonyc3742 Location: Triangle, NC, USA I remember Eureeka, Guts, and LotHT, but not David the Gnome. Didn't like Eureeka. I liked Doug, Rocko, YCDTOTV, Clarissa, I occasionally watched Real Monsters, I didn't like Angry Beavers; I liked Kablam! except for Action League Now! And going way back, of course I watched it when Nick played Dangermouse. And yes, in college my roommate and I watched Fifteen. Oh, the early teen angst. Many of the shows on Nick now or recently are bad, even for kid's programs. I know Rugrats is a hit, but I never liked it. And Catdog was just stupid. Fairly Oddparents is kind of Bullwinkle-esque with its dialog and punnery/allusions. I'm glad Nick is at least introducing today's kids to some of their older shows [I caught Rocko yesterday], but I also want to know what the HELL happened to Nick at Nite? Growing Pains? Full House? I don't think so.... Find More Posts by tonyc3742 The digital cable channel Nick Too, which shows the west coast feed of Nickelodeon, will be replaying the You Can't Do That On Television episode at 8:30 ET tonight if anyone's interested. Which Button? I don't have Nickelodeon as I live in Canada but it would be a blast to see Are You Afraid Of The Dark?, You Can't Do That on Television again. I've never seen them but it would be neat to see Hey Dude and Pete & Pete i've heard they were good. I wish YTV would have a clasic month one day. Find More Posts by Which Button? Just FYI... they played the Music episode of YCDTOTV, same one they played for the 20th birthday celebration. How about the Tomorrow People? I loved that show. Eureeka was a favorite too. Pete and Pete were the ultimate, I have most of the episodes recorded, the show has held up amazingly. In the early episodes the prepubescent Little Pete can be a bit annoying, though, especially on the one where he finds his song. My ears can't stand the singing. Find More Posts by Drop I see the current poll is between Hey Dude, All That and My Brother & Me... With any luck, it will be nice to enjoy the first episode of Hey Dude I've seen in nine or ten years tomorrow. I hope Hey Dude wins. If All That wins it better truly be a "classic" episode of it with the original cast. Seantn My brother & me- One of the lamest shows Nick has ever shown. Why is it on the list? Goo, Alfie, DeeDee....Friggin' dweebs. Find More Posts by Seantn	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0125.json.gz/line1190
__label__wiki	0.70636	0.70636	Far Cry 5 Announcement Trailer Started by Azaan60, May 22, 2017 MeteorHawk 943 Uber casual Looking forward to putting lots of bullet holes in those dudes, but hopefully I don't have to kill the doggie. He's a good boy, yes he is! Edited May 28, 2017 by MeteorHawk TheGwynbleidd 179 Looks promising. The setting is kinda unrealistic, but it has potential. I don't think it ll top Far Cry 3. FaTaLKiLL1 26 I hate to say it but it really does look good. I cut ties with Ubisoft after the abomination that was The Division along with the last entry in the FarCry series. Looks like I might find myself being dragged back two years later by my feet with this one...maybe. Arkthur 1,408 Rakyat Warrior 23 hours ago, TheGwynbleidd said: The setting is kinda unrealistic. Really? To me, it looks like one of the more realistics settings in the series so far. Splathew 1,308 N7 Elite Location: There's no place I can be since I found Serenity. I'm so playing as a female. 2 hours ago, Arkthur said: I believe it is unrealistc. Doing something like that? On American soil? How long before the army would arrive guns blazing? On the contrary, the settings of the previous game can be explained FC - Private facility on a secret island FC2 - Civil War on a third world African County FC3 - Modern pirates and smugglers on a island somewhere near Thailand FC4 - Dictatorship on an Asian country Edited May 30, 2017 by TheGwynbleidd Azaan60 725 Certified Badass Location: Auckland,New Zealand 28 minutes ago, TheGwynbleidd said: You realize you play as a Cop who was sent to take the Cult down right? His strike force team gets captured by the cultists at the beginning of the game. Which is why you're alone. 8 minutes ago, Azaan60 said: Yeah, but I think something like that would require something bigger than a strike team and a federal cop. Dan_WatsonAU 72 27 minutes ago, Azaan60 said: And obviously he couldn't get any backup? I like the idea but to try and say it makes sense is dumb. 35 minutes ago, Dan_WatsonAU said: Well I mean look at Clearwater Town, that's a pretty infamous example of a town getting taken over by a cult. When Cult members manage to sneak into politics a lot of stuff can happen. Edited May 30, 2017 by Azaan60 It is completely possible that "Father" has some kind of leverage over people. Otherwise, not cultist would've skipped town already. I highly doubt that total supression would be the answer to this kind of situation in real life. Marccap 47 💩 PS4 Gamer 💩 Looking forward to this and normally an easy platinum 😜 djb5f 718 On ‎5‎/‎24‎/‎2017 at 7:30 PM, damon8r351 said: Far Cry games tend to take place in locales where the civil order has either broke down or doesn't exist yet (as in Primal). Which is why I disagreed when people would say places like Australia would be a great setting: Australia is a first world nation and far too stable. What you need for a Far Cry game to work is a region where the gov't is nonexistent or so dysfunctional that it can't keep order and that a state of anarchy initially is more powerful than the force of order (hence Kyrat, Rook Island, Leboa-Sako/Bowa-Seko). Part of the campaign of these games is to help restore order, at least in 3 and 4. So seeing as this game takes place in the U.S., my theory is that one of three things is happening in the game: This takes place in a dystopia. Either alt-history, or in the near future. Some sort of civil war has taken place or is progress, hence why the traditional chaotic Far Cry sort of setting is present in a stable, first-world nation. This is what I wish is happening. This takes place in the modern day, in this universe, and the developers are taking a suspension-of-disbelief killing amount of artistic license, placing the traditional Far Cry setting in a stable first world country. Realistically, there's no way any stable gov't would allow the sort of situation and in the same scale that's normally seen in a Far Cry game to develop without doing something about it. That's something you normally see in the third world. This is probably what's actually going to happen. This takes place on a much smaller scale than we've seen before. Maybe only a farm or a large compound. Like for instance, David Koresh's compound. This is probably not what's happening. Anyway, I look forward to seeing how this ends up working out. Really looking forward to it and good points, but the differences between #1 and #2 really aren't that big in a video game world. Look at Grand Theft Auto IV (NYC) or V (LA). They took place in a modern day world (#2) but with all the leaps of faith, we were essentially in a chaotic, alt-history world #1. No way the they could get away anywhere near that level of carnage. So yeah, there will need to be a healthy dose of disbelief. This trailer/setting looks really good. I may have to buy at launch and I seldom do that these days. 19 hours ago, Azaan60 said: Yeah but in the case of Far Cry your a cop who's team have been taken out. Rather than going on a one man rampage why not just drive to the next county and get help? angelgrievous 2,317 I'd hate to play the "It's a video game" card but... It'd be a pretty boring game if all you had to do was just call in more backup and sit at a stand still for multiple days until the whole place goes up in flames. Edited May 30, 2017 by angelgrievous PerryToxteth 1,778 Location: Isle of Naboombu 3 hours ago, angelgrievous said: What in the Waco, Texas are you talking about?!? sephirothdude 1,097 One_Winged_Angel Location: Irelande I would love if this was getting a christmas release but ok.........I guess I can wait 😒 On 31/05/2017 at 9:25 AM, angelgrievous said: I understand that I was replying to the 'this is a more believable story comment' tpepper1985 164 So far I have not seen anything that makes me think it's anything but another FarCry I.e the start of the game is fun, after about 10 hours you have all the good guns and it turns into a grindfest of collectibles and repeating the same shit over and over. By the end your begging for it to be over. This is how I found FC3/4 and Primal anyway. Hopefully they have changed up the formula somehow because I will skip it if it's the same old same old. Go To Topic Listing Far Cry 5	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0125.json.gz/line1193
__label__cc	0.533929	0.466071	Foreign investment crucial to Vietnamese banks in 2019: Moody’s By Dat Nguyen &nbspFebruary 26, 2019 \| 11:33 am GMT+7 Employees serve customers at a bank in Ho Chi Minh City. Photo by Reuters/Kham Most Vietnamese banks fall short of international capital adequacy norms and have to focus on attracting foreign capital this year, Moody’s has said. The credit rating agency said in a release Monday that "the underdevelopment of the domestic capital markets" means the banks would have to look to foreign investors to meet the capital requirement of 8 percent of risk-weighted assets to cover operational risks. Raising capital has been a struggle for Vietnamese banks in recent years. Major state-owned banks such as BIDV and Vietinbank have for long been making plans to increase charter capital but in vain. BIDV, the second largest listed bank, has had charter capital of nearly VND34.19 trillion ($1.46 billion) unchanged since 2015. Last November it planned to sell a 17.65 stake to South Korea’s KEB Hana Bank to increase it to over VND40.22 trillion ($1.73 billion), but the deal has not been consummated. Vietinbank, the fourth largest listed bank, has seen its capital remain unchanged since 2014 at VND37.23 trillion ($1.59 billion). Only Vietcombank, the largest listed bank in the country, last month raised VND6.2 trillion ($265.86 million) from selling a 3 percent stake to foreign investors, as part of its plan to ultimately sell 10 percent. BIDV and Vietinbank had offered to pay its largest shareholder, the State Bank of Vietnam (SBV), the previous year’s dividends in stocks and not cash to increase their capital, but the central bank refused saying it needed the cash. Moody’s added that the banks' capitalization will strengthen this year because of stronger profitability and stable credit growth. It said that Vietnamese banks last year achieved a higher aggregate return on assets for a second year running, registering a rise of 1.1 percent from 0.9 percent in 2017. Aggregate net income for the banks rose 35 percent to VND70 trillion ($3 billion) in 2018 from the previous year, it said. "For 2019, Vietnamese banks that Moody's rates will achieve a further improvement in profitability, again because of wider net interest spreads and lower credit costs," said Rebaca Tan, a Moody's analyst. "Credit growth will stay stable over the same period because of tighter control by the State Bank of Vietnam, and asset quality will improve further, as the banks continue cleaning up their balance sheets." Vietnam’s top banks struggle to increase capital to meet global norms South Korean banks eye major Vietnam expansion Vietcombank to sell 3 percent stake to foreign investors Tags: Vietnam banks foreign investment increase capital Basel II Moody's Vietnam to build $3.3-bln gas power plant in central province Trump-Kim summit souvenirs sell like hot cakes Major aviation deals inked as US, Vietnam presidents meet Vietnam tourism hopes to make hay while the summit sun shines Six new routes set to give underused Can Tho Airport a fillip Rent, don’t buy homes: former official advises Vietnamese youth 4,000 households to be moved for Vietnam’s North-South Expressway Vietnamese airlines continue to be plagued by pilot shortage Reading: Foreign investment crucial to Vietnamese banks in 2019: Moody’s	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0125.json.gz/line1197
__label__wiki	0.74441	0.74441	Postby Mollick.R » 15 Nov 2019 11:23 UlanBatori wrote: SC says will rule on all pleas at once Quoting from the article........ Besides, the two fresh pleas, a batch of petitions are pending before the Apex Court. Several political parties including the National Conference (NC), the Sajjad Lone-led J&K Peoples Conference and CPI (M) leader Mohd Yousuf Tarigami have filed pleas challenging Centre’s August 5 decision to abrogate Article 370. The petition on behalf of NC was filed by Lok Sabha MPs Mohammad Akbar Lone and Justice (retd) Hasnain Masoodi. In 2015, Justice (retd) Masoodi had ruled that Article 370 was a permanent feature of the Constitution. A plea was also filed by a group of former defense officers and bureaucrats — Professor Radha Kumar, ex-member of Home Ministry’s Group of Interlocutors for J&K (2010-11), former J&K cadre IAS officer Hindal Haidar Tyabji, Air Vice Marshal (retd) Kapil Kak, Major Gen. (retd) Ashok Kumar Mehta, ex-Punjab-cadre IAS officer Amitabha Pande and ex-Kerala-cadre IAS officer Gopal Pillai. Besides, a plea has been filed by bureaucrat-turned-politician Shah Faesal, along with his party colleague Shehla Rashid. (PTI) Few interesting names, ex IAS and Armed forces veterans Big simple straightforward question is Why ??????? Postby pankajs » 15 Nov 2019 11:30 The old consensus was that peace in the valley could only be brought about by healing touch i.e. bowing before the Islamist i.e. special status for Kashmir. No surprises here. And yes some burocrats and forces folks too bought into that logic. Infact, I would say that there is much more support for that pov than what is apparent from these petition. Many have choosen to remain silent in the current environment. They are biding their time for when they think the current effort will fall flat. Postby Kashi » 15 Nov 2019 12:00 pankajs wrote: The old consensus was that peace in the valley could only be brought about by healing touch i.e. bowing before the Islamist i.e. special status for Kashmir. Nope, the consensus was that Kashmir was a gravy train and the "chosen ones" could come along for the ride as long as they did not destabilise it too much. Now MSD have toppled the train, uprooted the tracks and set about enabling IRCTC booking, so the burra sahibs are facing withdrawal symptoms. RKumar Location: Evolution is invention, explosion is destruction. Postby RKumar » 15 Nov 2019 17:58 Because these are all Nehru and Gandhi bhakts ... following JNU type, can you imagine defacing the Vivekanand's statues? These guys have fallen to the lowest levels. Postby UlanBatori » 15 Nov 2019 18:41 "ex-IAS" is like saying "retired after life of corruption". Remember the ones who sat on the request for high-altitude clothing and equipment for Siachen until George Fernandes ordered them to carry those to Siachen and stay there for a year. But ex-Armed Forces is more troubling. But then I remember the sterling examples of Lt. Gen. Kaul who wrote the (fiction but misplaced in autobiography) book on how the "defeat" in 1962 was everyone else's fault because he did absolutely nothing. And Brig.Gen Surinder Singh, the chief of the Kargil sector of "Go and bring them down by the scruff of the neck" fame. Postby chetak » 15 Nov 2019 19:25 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OUbS_531aA0 Kashmiri Columnist Sunanda Vashisht talks about Hindu Genocide by Pakistani, Jihadis in Kashmir Postby wig » 15 Nov 2019 21:32 mmasand wrote: Pity - waiting for some broadband connectivity to return to Jammu (at the very least, the city) soon. The conflict economy seems to have just shifted from one industry to the other. mmasand ji presently land line based internet is functioning normally in Jammu it is the broadband internet that works on mobile devices that is not aavailable in J&K. manjgu Postby manjgu » 15 Nov 2019 21:38 1) true..i used land line based internet in jammu recently...its also available in doda, kishtwar area. to the best of my knowledge its working well in valley also ( land line based internet). mobile internet is NA both in jammu and valley. 2) sunanda could also have said to rub it in...the present day muslims were hindus till recent past and many have hindu names as well but indoctrinated by islam so much over the last 40 years.. she should have also given the origin of name kashmir from rishi kashyap. Postby CRamS » 15 Nov 2019 22:12 Guys, like those sell out, self-loathing "Hindu" Paki concubine low lives like Ananga Chatterji and Natasha Kaul at the previous hearing, on this particular hearing, were there mainly Pakis and their KM proxies p!ssing on India or were there some "Hindu" low lives too? If so, who were they? If in fact, Sunanda Vashisht's testimony gets some traction at the international level, I will wager to bet that there will be the likes of ADothi, Pankaj Misra etc write in western rags blaming gov. Jagmohan and "Hindu extremist" RSS/BJP for the plight of Kashmir Hindus. This has been the standard response by libtards. I even got into a fist fight with one of B'lore buddies when he was peddling this. Blaming Jagmohan for genocide of Kashmir Pandits is even worse than Paki perverts raping dead women. Postby Amber G. » 15 Nov 2019 23:58 sorry if already posted but.. For US brfites: worth watching and sharing this video. Please take a look. >> "'Where were the advocates of human rights when my rights were taken away?" https://www.facebook.com/BJP4India/videos/2446125998769819/UzpfSTE2NTcxNDA5NjkzMzA3ODoxMzE2NTAxNDQ1MTg3NjY1/ So did the Lantos-gang twerps set up the Pakis in order to get a few Indian-American votes and $$$? Or is this another episode of the endless Paki game of Roadrunner and Coyote? People PLEAAAAAASE spread that fantastic speech by Ms. Sundanda. I have already. To do THAT w/o breaking down, was superhuman. Got to find her writings as well and shove them up Pankaj Mishra's "brain-storage". Someone please dig up and post the composition of that Panel: Name, Party, District#, state. Also those who farted there. There seemed to be quite a few terrorists sitting there looking like.. criminals caught, and utterly devoid of conscience. Karma is inexorable, as it came to the Burton Gang decades ago. sudarshan Postby sudarshan » 16 Nov 2019 06:51 chetak wrote: Kashmiri Columnist Sunanda Vashisht talks about Hindu Genocide by Pakistani, Jihadis in Kashmir Where is the "prostrate at your feet" icon when you really need it? This lady has performed a signal service to India. Humble pranaams. That line about her grandpa was heart-wrenching, how in the world did she deliver that without bursting into tears? Now what I say is - why should only the Kashmiri Hindus get to air their stories? Such horrors have been perpetrated all over India for 1200 years. Let's give everyone a chance to tell their stories to the world (including the true Godhra victims - that would be something). Oh, and excellent selection of spokesperson, did she do this on her own accord, or did the GOI have something to do with it? KLNMurthy Postby KLNMurthy » 16 Nov 2019 07:36 sudarshan wrote: Seriously doubt baboons had any role. sanjaykumar Postby sanjaykumar » 16 Nov 2019 08:09 Aarti Tikoo Singh uses “dog and pony” show for the US congressional hearing. I used this Americanism some time ago on BRF. Perhaps BRF is not just an echo chamber. Pulikeshi Location: Badami Postby Pulikeshi » 16 Nov 2019 08:38 UlanBatori wrote: So did the Lantos-gang twerps set up the Pakis in order to get a few Indian-American votes and $$$? Posting the video in full for your viewing pleasure. The work just begins and while Ms. Vashisht deserves kudos and Koti Pranams of every Human - Dharmic or not - some ideas: 1. Emotions don’t work, individuals can’t outshine this ‘agenda driven’ idiocy. What is needed is cold calculated documentation to be placed on record. 2. Arnab and NewsX chaps need to invite every contrarian to their TV studios and tear these folks for several illogical and misinformed crap they peddled. This one makes for good TRP and two selfishly to my beer & popcorn enjoyment. 3. If anyone of you ever were to be in Ms. Vashisht’s situation remember her courage, reduce your emotion, don’t attribute agendas - Ask the copanelists what testimony they submitted about Kashmiri Pandits, Lower Caste citizens in J&K, Shias and Sunnis who were killed, raped or tortured by forces aided and abetted by funding from the US and China to Pakistan who in turn used this funding for terror. 4. For f$#?’s sake where is the Hindu Human Rights Foundation? 5. Document and raise the question on why Christians/Evangelicals are assisting Islamic Terror? 6. May a million ideas bloom to help individuals like Ms. Vashisht KLNMurthy wrote: She is based out of houston. The lack of imagination is a genetic pre disposition in baboo(n)s so this would have been done in spite of them. Karan M Postby Karan M » 16 Nov 2019 09:49 Mollick.R wrote: INC Chaap veterans. All ate off the gravy train and now activated. Somebody ask that Maj Gen what incident had him retire "gracefully" from the Army. Would make for "interesting reading". SeeBeeEye raids Amnesty International offices in Dilli and B'looru BENGALURU: The CBI on Friday conducted raids at the Amnesty International India’s Bengaluru and Delhi offices. Yes, raids were carried out. Details are awaited, a CBI officer said. An Amnesty International India executive, speaking on condition of anonymity, said about half-a-dozen CBI sleuths arrived at about 8.30 am at the Bengaluru office and carried out searches till 5 pm.” In a statement, the human rights watchdog said “Over the past year, a pattern of harassment has emerged every time Amnesty India stands up and speaks out against human rights violations in India. (AGENCIES) West Pakistan refugees see hope Excelsior Correspondent KATHUA, Nov 15: The West Pakistani refugee in a meeting here, today discussed the various issues pertaining to them. The meeting was organized under the leadership of Labha Ram Gandhi , president West Pakistani Refugee . On the occasion refugee youth highlighted the issues of recruitment share in security forces without any condition or State Subject. Labha Ram Gandhi said that after the reconstitution of State as Union Territory, the West Pakistani youth will get job share in security force as numbers of recruitment drives in JKP , BSF and Army are going on in the UT . He said with the historic decision of Modi Government the woes of West Pak refugees will end after seven decades. He said that West Pak youth are given the share of jobs in security force only with the document Identification certificate and there no need of any State Subject certificate. He added that in some cases our youth face inconvenience to join the requirement drive. The matter was highlighted to Divisional Commissioner, Jammu for immediate redressal . The Div Commissioner directed the Deputy Commissioner of concerning district to immediately take up the matter and concerned recruitment authorities to accommodate West Pakistan refugee youth in recruitment rallies. He said now the West Pakistani refugee will get justice for which they are fighting since last 70 years. He has also appreciated the role of UT administration to give them justice in recruitment rallies. He said “we hope to get all our rights as we got citizenship right after formation of Union Territory”. Here are 10 powerful statements made by columnist Sunanda Vashisht at Human Rights Commission hearing on Kashmir Borrowing the last sentences said by Jewish American journalist Daniel Pearl before being killed in Pakistan by terrorists-“My father is a Jew, My mother is a Jew, I’m a Jew”, columnist Sunanda Vashisht expressed how the lives and homes of thousands and lakhs of Kashmiri Hindus were destroyed by the radical Islamic terrorism in the Valley. OPINDIA STAFF Sunanda Vashisht made a passionate speech recounting horrors of radical Islamic terrorism Sunanda Vashisht(Source: Livemint) In an unrestrained attack against the radical Islamic terrorism that has plagued the state of Jammu and Kashmir for more than 3 decades, noted columnist Sunanda Vashisht poignantly recounted the excruciating tribulations and horrors suffered by the minority Kashmiri Hindus in the state at the hands of radical Islamic terrorists. Here are the 10 powerful statements made by Sunanda Vashisht that held back no punches:- 1. My father is a Kashmiri Hindu. My mother is a Kashmiri Hindu. I’m a Kashmiri Hindu. Our home and lives in Kashmir were destroyed by radical Islamist terror 2. I’m a member of the minority Kashmiri Hindu community and a victim of the worst ethnic cleansing witnessed in India Talking about the exodus of Kashmiri Pandits happened in the early 1990s, Vashisht poignantly asserted that the mass departure of the minority community of Kashmiri Hindus from the Valley was the “worst ethnic cleansing witnessed in India” ever. About lakhs of Kashmiri Hindus fled the state and took refuge in other parts of the country. Those who didn’t perished in the onslaught of the violent Islamic terrorists. 3. We have seen ISIS level of horror and brutality in Kashmir 30 years before the West was even introduced to the brutalities of Islamic terrorism Speaking at the Tom Lantos HR commission, Sunanda contended that the people of India, especially the beleaguered Kashmiri Hindus had witnessed the horrors and atrocities inflicted by Islamic terrorists in Kashmir 3 decades ago that were tantamount to the present-day brutalities meted out by the ISIS. “I am choked by the thoughts of those voices that I represent here because their voices were extinguished in the most brutal fashion,” she said. Sunanda narrated the frightening story of Girija Tikoo, who was abducted, gang-raped and split in half with a mechanical saw while she was alive just because of her faith. In another heart-rending incident, She then remembers BK Ganjoo. Another Kashmiri Hindu who was murdered brutally at the hands of Islamic terrorists in Kashmir. He was an engineer who hid inside a rice container and would have still been alive had his neighbours, who he trusted, Hindus trusted, did not give up his location. He was shot through the container and his wife was made to eat the blood-soaked rice, remembered Sunanda. 4. Where were the Human Rights activists on the night of January 19, 1990, when all the mosques in Kashmir blared that they wanted Kashmir with Hindu women but without the Hindu men Sunanda said that the mosques in Kashmir on the night of January 19, 1990, sent a shiver down the spines of minorities as they blared that they want Kashmir with Hindu women but not with Hindu men. Sunanda gave an account of her own story when her grandfather held two knives in his hands, ready to kill her and her mother just to save them from the fate that awaited them if they were captured alive by the radical Islamic terrorists who had proceeded on their nefarious design to expunge the state of its Hindu minorities. Slamming Human Rights activists, who champ at the bit of accusing Indian Armed Forces of carrying out brutality against Kashmiri people, Sunanda rhetorically questioned their absence when she and her co-religionists were being killed, massacred and thrown out of Kashmir. 5. Every attempt is made to eradicate Hinduism from Kashmir The Islamic terrorists and their sympathisers in the valley, Sunanda asserts, have done everything in their power to stymie the multi-faith composite culture to spawn in Kashmir. Not only Hindus, but people practising other faiths such as Sikhism and Christianity were also targeted by the rabid Islamists. 6. An Islamist state of Kashmir where no other religions are welcomed and tolerance of any other view is absent is no citadel of Human Rights Taking a dig at Human Rights activists and those who cite Kashmir as a bastion of secularism, Vashisht asserted that the Islamic State of Kashmir is a place where other religions are not accepted and there is no tolerance towards people with diverse views. 7. Earning livelihood is prohibited in Kashmir because a simple act of earning livelihood will indicate that Kashmir is moving towards normalcy Citing the recent violence, Sunanda said that the terrorists in Kashmir are unnerved by the fact that normalcy prevailing in Kashmir will detrimental to their propaganda. Sunanda said that traders, Apple orchard owners and shopkeepers were killed by terrorists because they dared to earn their livelihood and wanted normalcy to return in the Valley. 8. Abrogation of Article 370, which has raised concerned across the world, is in fact, restoration of Human Rights The Human Rights in Kashmir were so far curtailed because Article 370 was in force, Sunanda argued. Kashmir was brought at par with the rest of India with the annulment of Article 370. Prohibition to child marriage, women’s right to own property, granting equality to members of the LGBTQ community were achieved after the abrogation of Article 370. “Today I am delighted that Kashmiris have the same rights as Indian citizens. If something as serious as a woman’s right to own property and granting of LGBTQ rights to choose amongst many others, has been accomplished through abrogation of Article 370, then it is safe to assume that restoration of the Internet in few remaining districts of Kashmir is not too far away,” she said. 9. The Indian Constitution, which is modelled on the US Constitution, is one of the most liberal documents in the world Extolling India’s constitution, Sunanda Vashisht said that the constitution of India is the Moselle on the constitution of the United States and is one of the most liberal documents in the entire world. She further added that this constitution, which was being obstructed from being applied in entirety in the state of Jammu and Kashmir, is now put into practice in totality after the revocation of Article 370. 10. People of Jammu and Ladakh have been liberated from the tyranny of having citizens of their own country after the abrogation of Article 370 Sunanda Vashisht proclaimed that the people of Jammu and Ladakh have welcomed the decision of the government to invalidate Article 370. She implied that a large section of the population of the erstwhile Jammu and Kashmir state was happy with the central government’s decision. vishvak Postby vishvak » 16 Nov 2019 12:18 Wonder how is that not terrorism, and do the laws of limitations allow terrorist s to behave in certain ways with least problems and most problems for most ancient ways of life. Rsatchi Postby Rsatchi » 16 Nov 2019 16:12 https://theprint.in/india/public-transp ... on/322100/ The title of the article says it all KM's are coming to their senses and are slowly realising that the present dispensation (MAD) are in no compromise and pandering mode. SriKumar Location: sarvatra Postby SriKumar » 16 Nov 2019 17:42 1. As much as I expect senseless brutality from terrorists (e.g. ISIS) Sunanda V.'s recounting of what she saw/heard takes the horror to a new, inhuman level, and this was in the early 90s!! What Pakistan let loose on India were not humans. I've never heard of woman being sawed into 2 (though I've heard of terrorists using drills in Iraq and Egypt in one case on a woman journalist). Forcing women to eat blood-soaked rice...unbelievable; even animals are not like this. 2. Her comment about her grandfather ready with knives to kill her and her sister...two thoughts come to mind. Many would not have been so lucky ....probably raped and killer. The other is that I've read about this before ...it happened....where else ....but in Pakistan , when Sikhs were trying to get out of Pakistan during partition, some groups were forced to kill women so they would not be captured by the marauding gangs. 3. Its time we used moved to the term Kashmir Hindus rather than Pandits. I think Sunanda did that ? Pandits term confuses the issue, all were raped/killed/driven away due to their religion and not some other sub-identity. No one asked the non-Pandits to stay back. 4. There should be public hearings and have more Kashmiri Hindus record their stories, even privately on video (govt hearings will not happen) before they pass away. The sawing and shootings would not have been an isolated case. 5.It was significant that she mentioned that a neighbor pointed out the hiding location of the Hindu to the terrorists. She was essentially saying that neighbors and friends sided with the terrorists because of the religion when the terrorists came searching. Friendships did not matter at that point. 6. It would not surprise me if Sunanda V. Will be target of verbal attacks and innuendo on social media and over the phone. With her testimony she painted a target over herself and her children and she knew it. Brave of her to do that. She needs support from all who can help her. sawed Welcome to the history of The Gentle Peaceful Sufis ((c) Christiane Amanpour) of the Lashkar-e-Toiba. I gather that you (and everyone on BRF) need to read the "autobiography" of Sheikh Abdullah, "Flames of The Chinar". I read that in 1999. Before that I only had a word-of-mouth and newspaper knowledge of events. Kashmir has plenty of sawmills, which figured prominently in the events preceding the Indian Army's entry into Jammu-Kashmir. You need to read this book, to understand the occasional report of where an Indian Army soldier is accused of being slightly less than obeisant to these wonderful Gentle Peaceful Sufis. It is not at all what you might imagine, from the name and relijjun of the author. Give Peace a Chance. Destroy Pakistan. To paraphrase the Alabama Mercenary School: (never mind) Daily Excelsior Editorial: Remove Encroachers from Forest Compartment Why after all, concerned authorities feel ill at ease in taking the desired action and instead plant moves direct or indirect in ‘buying’ time in not evicting encroachers from one forest compartment situated in a Poonch village ? Two years have elapsed since this action should have been taken. It is strange that despite the Division Bench of the High Court headed by the Chief Justice terming the situation as deeply distressing , the authorities have not proceeded ahead with the job. And the issue is not ordinary as it involves as much as 1400 kanals of forest land and how come Forest Department officials afford to sit over the matter even after the inhabitants of the village being compelled to knock at the doors of the High Court. Merely by serving soft eviction notices and ‘reminders’ against 127 persons who having thieved public (Forest) land and had no claim whatsoever over the grabbed land, needed effective and firm ways to have the land retrieved from them. We cannot put the encroachers into compartments of ‘genuine’ encroachers and ‘ungenuine’ encroachers as grabbers could never own a genuine title . However, the matter needed to be given priority and it must also be noted that only because of the apparent helplessness shown by the administration in such cases in initial stages, encroachers were getting emboldened and becoming immune with passage of time. US lawmakers seek probe into terror finance links between two prominent Muslim groups and LeT By Daily Excelsior - 16/11/2019 WASHINGTON, Nov 15:Three American lawmakers have asked the US State Department to investigate possible terror financing links between two prominent American Muslim organisations and terrorist groups like Lashkar-a-Taiba and Hizbul Mujahideen. The three Congressmen – Jim Banks, Chuck Fleischmann and Randy Weber—in a letter to the State Department Coordinator for Counter Terrorism Nathan Sales, said, “Specifically of concern are the innocuous sounding organisation, Helping Hands for Relief and Development (HHRD) and their sister organisation, the Islamic Circle of North America (ICNA).” While these groups sell themselves as “innocuous” Muslim civic society organisations, they are, in fact, arms of one of the most radical networks in the world, said the three Congressmen. They said that there was no doubt that the ICNA and HHRD are part of Jamaat-e-Islami’s international network. Indeed, the evidence is overwhelming and extensive, they asserted in the letter dated November 1. Referring to a series of documentary evidences in support of their statement, the three US Congressmen said that they believe the documented facts would give a reasonable person good reason to investigate just how extensive and systemic these ties are. “The nexus of charitable networks and terrorist groups is well known and pernicious. This is particularly important to investigate, as the ICNA has received over ten million dollars in government grants, even from the current Administration,” they said. “The ongoing tension and violence in Kashmir is a threat to peace and stability for both India and Pakistan. It is clearly in the best interests of the US to keep peace in the region and not fan the flames of war. It is thus vital that the US do whatever it can to stop the flow of any and all funds that we can to terrorist organisations operating in the region,” they wrote. “Thus, we ask that you use the full powers of your office to further investigate the potential terror finance links between groups like the ICNA and HHRD, and US and UN Security Council designated terrorist groups like Lashkar-e-Taiba and Hizbul Mujahideen,” the three lawmakers said in their letter to Sales. (PTI) Yet another harrowing and tragic accident Daily Excelsior - Yet another harrowing accident. The tragic loss of 30 lives in road accidents in Keshwan Kishtwar, Peer Ki Gali area of Mughal Road and other Jammu hilly roads only a few months back being fresh in tintalizing memory but with a hope that in identified sensitive zones, some urgent but suitable steps would be taken by the Government agencies has been belied and exploded when 16 people including 4 children travelling by a passenger vehicle were killed near Khellani on Batote – Kishtwar Highway on 12th instant. While lot of blame is genuinely due to be heaped on the ‘never lesson taking’ administration and other connected Government agencies, the driver on the other hand, is reported to have remained clung with and engrossed in speaking on mobile phone even while negotiating a sharp curve. The resultant loss of concentration and control over the vehicle resulted in its getting skidded off the road to crash down into a deep gorge. We offer deep condolences to the affected families. The mingled and scattered split parts of the ill fated vehicle depict the extent and severity of the accident . The dead belonged to a village Mangota in Doda district of mountainous Jammu region which besides being in a shock has been enveloped by gloom and utter depression. As is wont with the customary immediate response from the Government to such heart wrenching road accidents, an enquiry has been ordered into this accident too by the administration. Well, the same reasons, a blend of total and callous lapses on the part of the Governmental agencies and the human error or disregarding of safety norms shall be the findings of the enquiry panel.... it plunged into a 700 metre deep gorge, ... a vehicle with 12 seater capacity was piled up with 17 passengers. ...It is without the prejudice of the deceased precious lives that no one from them even objected to the driver using phone adhesively touched with ear with tilted neck sensing some untoward happening as that action while driving, could end up in a devastating crash. It is unfortunate that most of us at critical moments choose to remain silent while at non critical and ordinary matters in comparison to where lives are likely to be imperilled, we prioritize to speak in protest. ...Whether the drivers concerned had proper updated hilly driving licences is no one’s headache in the Traffic Police nor in the Transport Department. {Can't I drive in Cashmore with my Indian Drivers License obtained in the lowlands, hain? } However, let us see the findings in the enquiry report and see whether heads rolled of those found negligent in their duties and what measures the Government further proposed to take to avert such accidents if not out-rightly claim ruling out any accident from taking place in future. However, let us further hope that the accident under reference shall be the last one and never ever any more. Last edited by UlanBatori on 16 Nov 2019 19:36, edited 1 time in total. SriKumar wrote: 1. As much as I expect senseless brutality from terrorists (e.g. ISIS) Sunanda V.'s recounting of what she saw/heard takes the horror to a new, inhuman level, and this was in the early 90s!! None of this is new, or isolated. The sawing in half I haven't seen before, but I've read multiple accounts of those mobs, after they have their way with women, cutting off their - ahem - upper body parts while they were still alive. The blood-soaked rice thingy is nothing new either. It happened in Bengal, with communists being the perpetrators though: https://swarajyamag.com/politics/commun ... est-bengal (See the section on the Sainbari massacre). Looks like they take lessons from each other on how to humiliate and demoralize. I've read on this very forum before, that if Hindu men (anywhere) became aware of an approaching mob, they would grab whatever weapons they could, and liberate their women folk before harm came to them. Can you imagine that! As far as being betrayed by neighbors goes, I read a chilling account (again on this forum) by a member (don't want to name, if he wishes, he can retell his story) of three of his aunts (so it was a personal account, not a second- or third-hand one), and what happened when they were trying to escape from Lahore (IIRC) during the partition times. A trusted neighbor apparently offered to take care of putting them on the train (or whatever) to India, only, they were never heard from again. It's all part of a formula. And that formula has been handed down from the beginning. Political detenues will be released, but no time frame specified ByDaily Excelsior - NEW DELHI, Nov 15: Top Union Home Ministry (HM) officials today conveyed to a Parliamentary Panel that the situation in Jammu and Kashmir is getting naaaarmal and detained political leaders, including former Chief Ministers, will be released but gave no time-frame for it. Official sources said that Union Home Secretary Ajay Kumar Bhalla and Additional Secretary in the Home Ministry Gyanesh Kumar and other Ministry officials briefed the Parliamentary Standing Committee (PAC) {Why does "standing" abbreviate to "A", hain?} on Home Affairs, chaired by senior Congress leader Anand Sharma, on the situation in the Union Territories of Jammu and Kashmir and Ladakh. Members of the Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha quizzed top Government officials on the detention of political leaders, particularly three-time former Chief Minister and Srinagar MP Farooq Abdullah, who was charged under the controversial Public Safety Act on September 17. The MPs were also agitated about the prolonged detention of Abdullah’s son, Omar Abdullah as well as PDP president Mehbooba Mufti, both former Chief Ministers, who have been under detention since August 5, when the Centre withdrew Jammu and Kashmir’s special status under Article 370 and bifurcated it into two Union Territories, sources said. Referring to the release of the detained political leaders, Home Ministry officials conveyed that some had been released and others will be freed gradually but refrained from giving any time line, sources added. Home Ministry officials told the Parliamentary panel that those detained under the PSA can challenge their detention in a Designated Tribunal. If not satisfied with the order of the Tribunal, they can move the High Court. Abdullah is the only political leader detained under the PSA in Kashmir. The Home Secretary, sources said, further told the MPs that the situation in the UT of Jammu and Kashmir is getting naaarmal, schools are open and the apple trade is going on. The MPs also raised the issue of curbs on the internet in the Valley since August 5. Home Ministry officials, it is learnt, said the restrictions were imposed as the internet could be used by terrorists for subversive activities as well as by anti-social elements to spread rumours. The Parliamentarians were told that there were 71,254 incidents of terror related violence in Jammu and Kashmir since 1990 in which 14,049 civilians, 5,293 security personnel and 22,552 terrorists were killed. Home Ministry officials also told the members that all Central laws have become applicable to the new UTs, State laws overlapping with Central laws stand repealed and remaining State laws brought in line with the Constitution of India. The new political map of India depicting the two new UTs-Jammu and Kashmir, and Ladakh, which includes Pakistan occupied Kashmir and it’s so called capital Muzaffarabad and Gilgit-Baltistan-was shown to the MPs during a presentation. The new UT of Jammu and Kashmir has 22 districts with a population of approximately 122 lakh and there are two districts in UT of Ladakh-Kargil and Leh, Home Ministry officials said in their presentation. They also said all landline services, post paid mobile voice phone services have been restored in both UTs and restrictions under Section 144 on movement withdrawn or relaxed, except for night time restrictions in the Valley. According to sources present at the meeting, differences between the BJP and the Congress MPs cropped up over the issue of Jammu and Kashmir being discussed in the panel. While BJP members cited the rule book to say the panel should not interfere in the work of the executive, Congress MPs said the issue was important and had to be discussed, the sources added. Meanwhile, Union Home Secretary also conveyed to the MPs that the Centre has constituted a three-member committee for division of assets and liabilities of Jammu and Kashmir between two successor Union Territories, which came into existence on October 31. An advisory committee has been constituted under Section 84 of the J-K Reorganisation Act for apportionments of assets, rights and liabilities between UT of J-K and Ladakh, Bhalla and his team of officers told the panel. They said the 14th Finance Commission award has been apportioned between the UTs of J-K and Ladakh in the ratio of 70 per cent and 30 per cent for the remaining five months of the 2019-20 fiscal. All the 7th Central Pay Commission-mandated allowances have been approved for Government employees of the UTs of J-K and Ladakh. Earlier, the Home Ministry had announced that former Defence Secretary Sanjay Mitra would be the Chairman of the committee, retired IAS officer Arun Goyal and retired Indian Civil Accounts Service (ICAS) officer Giriraj Prasad Gupta would be its members. As per Section 84 of the Act, the assets and liabilities of the existing state of Jammu and Kashmir have to be apportioned between the Union Territories of Jammu and Kashmir, and Ladakh. On August 5, the Centre announced the abrogation of the special status given to Jammu and Kashmir under Article 370 and division of the state into the two UTs. ... (PTI) Centaur Hotel Rodents Breathe Sigh of Relief as Roaches Are Moved Out US Commission’s hearing on Kashmir fizzles out WASHINGTON, Nov 15: A US Congressional Commission’s hearing on human rights situation in Jammu and Kashmir nearly fizzled out as only four of the 84 members of the panel turned up for the hearing, the second such meeting by an American panel after India abrogated Article 370 to revoke the special status of that State. Republicans refused to attend the hearing held by the Tom Lantos Human Rights Commission on Thursday, saying that this commission “is biased, one sided and has lost credibility”. Except for Republican Co-Chair Christopher H Smith, no other member from the party turned up for the hearing. Smith in his brief remarks said that Kashmir is a bilateral issue between India and Pakistan, which needs to act against terrorist groups based inside its territory. Testifying before the Commission, Sunanda Vashist, an Indian-American columnist, told lawmakers that Kashmir has been an integral part of India. “India is not just a 70-year-old nation that you see. India is a 5,000-year-old civilisation. There is no Kashmir without India. There is no India without Kashmir. It’s both ways. And I will say this at the top of my voice,” Kashmiri-American Vashist said in response to the separatists supported panel of experts at the hearing. “India’s democratic credentials are unmatched. They have successfully in a democratic setup, defeated insurgencies in Punjab and Northeast. It’s time to strengthen India against this insurgency in Kashmir and the human rights problem (in Kashmir) will be solved forever,” she said. Sheila Jackson Lee, a Representative from Texas, asked for a pathway to ensure human rights in the region. “We should try to find a pathway to at least do the basics to ensure human rights in the region. Why not allow the members of the US Congress to visit both parts of Jammu and Kashmir — in India as well as Pakistan,” Lee said. Anurnima Bhargava, Commissioner from the US Commission on International Religious Freedom, farted, “Religious minorities in India are under a state of fear and active persecution and violence.” Bhargava, who is of Indian descent, said the restrictions in Kashmir impacted the ability of people to “practice their faith”, visit their places of worship and exercise their rights. She alleged that there was a growing persecution of religious minorities specially Muslims in India manifested in the form of anti-conversion legislation, and claimed that the Ayodhya verdict, National Register of Citizens (NRC) in Assam, mob violence and revocation of Article 370 led to the growing sense of fear among the Indian minorities. Last month, the Subcommittee on Asia, the Pacific, and NonProliferation of the US House Foreign Affairs Committee also held a hearing on the situation in Kashmir. (PTI) I've read about the cutting of breasts of raped victims in a news story that had nothing to do with terrorism (incident happened in Bihar or UP ages ago). Seems like a procedure that some people like to adopt. To try and understand this mind set is to contemplate a level of depravity beyond what I can do. For the same reason, I did not read link posted. And yes, I do recall reading a story by a poster about his aunts (told by his uncle)- not from Lahore IIRC. More eastern geography. If neghbours cannot be trusted, the implications are scary.... For sure, if the mosques blared out messages asking Hindus to leave, the mosques and mullahs are complicit. Dont know how Modi is going to solve this. Postby Peregrine » 16 Nov 2019 23:51 How India finally grabbed Jammu and Kashmir - Dr Moonis Ahmar Hundred days after the revocation of Article 370 and 35(A), India is still grappling with popular resentment in the Muslim-dominated Jammu and Kashmir (J&K). The August 5 Jammu and Kashmir Reorganisation Act and its implementation on October 31 meant to formalise the annexation of J&K by New Delhi. Since the Indian government signed the so-called Instrument of Accession with Maharaja Hari Singh on October 26, 1947 till August 5, 2019, New Delhi pursued a gradual approach to grab J&K in such a manner that the momentum of Kashmiri resistance which had reached its peak in early 1990s was neutralised and finally liquidated. Over a period of 72 years, India has been able to establish its control over Jammu and Ladakh as both regions are now primarily non-Muslim territories. But the issue is of the Valley of Kashmir with eight million Muslim inhabitants. After more than 100 days of lockdown, press censorship and excessive use of force against demonstrations particularly in Srinagar, Indian authorities are confident they will permanently neutralise the popular resentment against military occupation of the Valley and ending J&K’s special status. Is India’s policy of grabbing J&K going to have any impact on the international community and how would Pakistan, which calls J&K its jugular vein, reconcile with the fact of losing J&K to India? One needs to examine the age-old policy of India’s quest for territorial expansion particularly the one related to J&K from two angles. First, in order to pamper the inhabitants of J&K after signing the Instrument of Accession, India provided assurances about maintaining the identity of the Kashmiris by introducing Article 370 in the Indian Constitution. This gave J&K a special status by allowing it to have its own flag, president and prime minister and restricting the centre’s control to only defence, foreign affairs, communications and finance. Later on, in order to gain the trust and confidence of the local people, the Indian government introduced Article 35(A) which forbade Indian nationals from buying property and voting in state elections. Cleverly, post mid-1950s, after establishing its control over J&K, India deviated from the granted autonomy and replaced the posts of president and prime minister of J&K with governor and chief minister. In order to prevent any popular movement against the erosion of Article 370 and growing Indian interference in the affairs of J&K, New Delhi introduced several black laws that allowed the use of cruel methods like detention without warrant. Several laws were introduced by the Indian government like the Jammu and Kashmir Public Safety Act 1978, Terrorist and Disruptive Activities Act (TADA) 1990, Jammu and Kashmir Disturbed Area Act 1990, and the Armed Forces (Jammu and Kashmir) Special Powers Act 1990. Such acts almost ended J&K’s special status and converted it into a military garrison of India. Secondly, India’s annexation of J&K reached its final stage when Hindu nationalists led by the ruling BJP and its ally, Shiv Sena, realised their state was strong enough to abolish Articles 370 and 35(A). Armed with a two-thirds majority in the lower house, sound economic standing and strong connectivity at the international level, the Indian state decided to strike on August 5, 2019, by giving a practical shape to its age-old dream of annexing J&K into the Indian Union. During PM Modi’s first term, the BJP was breaking ground to implement its party’s manifesto of repealing Article 370 and 35(A). The ruling party also did a lot of homework to deal with any possible reaction to August 5, particularly when Home Minister Amit Shah and National Security Adviser Ajit Doval, during their visits to Srinagar, gave the final touches of ending J&K’s special status. Both BJP hawks were confident that there will be no harsh reaction to scrapping Article 370 and 35(A), whereas eight million Muslim Kashmiris would be neutralised via lockdown, search operations, extra-judicial killings, and extra reinforcements of Indian military force. They were also confident that the Act would smoothly pass through the Indian Parliament despite the BJP lacking a majority in the upper house. In the absence of the State Assembly of J&K whose assent of the Jammu & Kashmir Reorganisation Act was a legal requirement, the puppet governor of J&K consented on behalf of the assembly. By embarking on such a drama devoid of legality and morality, the Indian government managed to grab J&K and divide it into two union territories of Ladakh, and Jammu and Kashmir. After the administrative grabbing of J&K, BJP’s next and most important task is grabbing the land of its so-called union territory. Since now there is no legal hitch for Indian nationals to buy property in J&K, in the coming months one would see an influx of business tycoons from India with a purpose to invest in real estate and settle millions of non-Muslims in the Kashmir Valley. In the absence of any practical support from Pakistan and the deployment of around a million Indian military personnel, including the Border Security Force (BSF), popular resistance by Kashmiri Muslims is not an issue. Some of them can be co-opted in the new administrative set-up in the Valley and others who are diehard Kashmiri Muslim nationalists will be silenced with excessive force or through displacement. It may appear to be a nightmare for Kashmiri Muslims and their supporters in Pakistan but the manner in which India planned and executed its “grabbing J&K” policy is sufficient to pass through the painful process and finally control the land and people of the Valley. Regrettably, over 100 days have passed and India has managed to maintain control of J&K. India failed to reciprocate Pakistan’s efforts in opening the Kartarpur Corridor for the Sikh community and has hardened its position since August 5 and October 31. In this scenario, the situation for Muslim Kashmiris is like being stuck between the devil and the deep blue sea as they cannot challenge the Indian military might, and if they assert their position they will face the retaliation of the Indian state. It will be a great tragedy for the people of IOK if they encounter a situation which the Palestinians are experiencing in the Israel-occupied West Bank and Gaza. As Israel has been able to get away with its occupation of Palestinian lands, India is following the path of the Jewish state. Postby g.sarkar » 17 Nov 2019 04:26 UlanBatori wrote: Centaur Hotel Rodents Breathe Sigh of Relief as Roaches Are Moved Out Centaur is haram. No true Momin can live under such a symbol. Just shows how brutal the PM is, he shows no sensibility towards Momin's feelings. Rats under the pillow keeping company to the rats putting their heads on the pillow. More than 80,000 students appear in Class-8th annual exam 99 per cent attendance recorded: Officials Irfan Tramboo SRINAGAR, Nov 16: After the students of Class 10th and 12th appeared in their annual examinations, more than 80000 Class 8th students while braving cold today appeared in their annual examination conducted by the State Institute of Education (SIE) in more than 900 centres set-up across Kashmir division. Principal SIE, Mehboob Hussain told Excelsior that 84,641 students appeared in the examination at 978 centres set-up across Kashmir in various private and Government schools. Previously, for annual examination of Class 10th, 65,000 students showed their appearance across 413 exam centres, while as for Class 12th examination 48000 students showed their presence across 433 exam centres. The officials said that the proper arrangements were made in order to facilitate the smooth conduct of the examination across Valley. The examination began 10 am in the morning and ended at 12: 30 p.m. The first paper, Science, was scheduled to be held on November 11; however, same was postponed due to the heavy snowfall ahead of it. With regard to the attendance of the students appearing in the examinations, Mehboob said that 99 per cent attendance was recorded in the examinations. Previously, almost the same attendance for the Class 10th and 12th was witnessed. “The attendance was exceptional and the credit goes to students for showing up for their exams; we did everything to facilitate the smooth conduct of exam,” he said. While the authorities said that the arrangements were put in place, the students complained that no substantial heating arrangements were made inside the examination halls, making them face difficulties in writing the paper. The students were up early in the morning and were seen marching towards their respective exam centres being accompanied by their parents. “While many of friends said that proper heating arrangements were made, there were few schools in Srinagar where the students were literally freezing due to cold,” a student said. Parents of the students also said that the authorities could have changed the timing of the examination and instead of morning, they could have conducted it around noon, “particularly, for Class 8th students, the authorities could have changed the exam timing as they were freezing,” a parent said. Railways conduct another leg of trial-run SRINAGAR, Nov 16: After first successful leg of trail-run, the railways carried out another leg of trial-run of the train in the Valley from Srinagar to Banihal early in the morning. The trial has come after the train service remained suspended for more than three months in Valley. A Railway official told Excelsior today that the trial was conducted which was carried out in a smooth manner and culminated peacefully at Banihal Railway Station. Earlier, as a part of the first leg of the trial, the run was carried out from Srinagar -Baramulla. “The train will carry out one trip from Baramulla to Banihal tomorrow at 11:35 a.m.; it will be a single trip as it will not return to the station of its departure,” an official said. The Railways have suffered more than Rs 3 crore loss after its suspension before August 5, post stripping the erstwhile State of J&K of its special status, leading to lockdown for more than 100 days. 5 OGWs of Hizb arrested in Sopore Fayaz Bukhari SRINAGAR, Nov 16: Security forces today arrested five Over Ground Workers (OGWs) of Hizbul Mujahideen from Sopore area of North Kashmir while Enforcement Directorate attached properties of Pakistan based commanders of the outfit in South Kashmir. Security forces arrested five OGWs of HMfrom Sopore area of North Kashmir’s Baramulla district today after receiving specific information about their movement in the area. Army’s 22 RR, CRPF and Sopore Police today laid a naka at Bus Stand in Sopore area of Baramulla district and arrested three OGWs – Hilal Ahmad Mir son of Mohammad Hamza Mir resident of Brat Kalan Sopore, Sahil Nazir Mir son of Nazir Ahmad Mir resident of Brat Kalan Sopore and Peerzada Mohammad Zahir son of Bashir Ahmad Shah resident of Chak Brat Sopore of Hizbul Mujahideen. Threatening posters were recovered from their possesion by the security forces. A police official said that they were involved in threatening shopkeepers, businessmen in the area and asking them not to open their shops and operate their businesses. He said that they were wanted by police and case (FIR 266/2019 dated 16-11-2019) was registered against them and investigations are going on. Another naka was laid by Army’s 22 RR, CRPF and Sopore Police at Bypass Crossing in Sopore area of Baramulla district and two OGWs were arrested. They have been identified as Ulfat Bashir Mir son of Bashir Ahmad Mir resident of Nowpora Jageer Sopore and Ajaz Ahmad Bhat son of Mohammad Subhan Bhat of Darpora Bomai Sopore. Two hand grenades were recovered from them. A case (FIR 280/2019 dated 16-11-2019) was registered and investigations are going on. In the meantime, Enforcement Directorate today attached immovable properties of two top Pakistan based commanders of Hizbul Mujahideen in Pahalgam area of South Kashmir’s Anantnag district. A team of ED accompanied by Jammu and Kashmir Police today attached 9 kanals of land belonging to Amir Khan who is Pakistan based commander of Hizbul Mujahideen. The property was attached at Liver village in Sirgufwara area of Pahalgam. Three kanals of land belong to Khursheed Ahmad who is also based in Pakistan was seized today in the same village. The two militant commanders are most wanted by security forces in Kashmir and they are involved in financing and launching of HM militants into Kashmir. The ED was investigating financing of HM in which the two commanders are accused of funding militancy. attached properties of Pakistan based commanders of the outfit in South Kashmir Lol read it full above post. And yindoo got to prove God exists and everything else at each step of litigation!! Users browsing this forum: greatde, komal, Nihat, TKiran, wasu and 61 guests	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0125.json.gz/line1200
__label__wiki	0.586613	0.586613	High-Def Digest HD Gear Gaming Smackdown Thread: Last time Game Industry was a 3 horse race? was it ever a 4 horse race? Gaming Smackdown - Last time Game Industry was a 3 horse race? was it ever a 4 horse race? - I was reminiscing as to when the video game industry was a legitimate 3 horse race? and was it ever a 4 horse race? I suppose this will mean something different to all; To me for example the Wii was never an option so to me... mosul210 Last time Game Industry was a 3 horse race? was it ever a 4 horse race? I was reminiscing as to when the video game industry was a legitimate 3 horse race? and was it ever a 4 horse race? I suppose this will mean something different to all; To me for example the Wii was never an option so to me the last time we had a 3 horse race was the 128bit era with the PS2, Xbox, and Nintendo GameCube. Also IMO once again the last time we had a legitimate 4 pony race was the when we had the Dreamcast, PS2, Xbox, and GameCube. I never considered the 3DO and Jaguar legitimate contenders, not because of their potential but because of their lack of acceptance. Anyway, I look forward to reading everyones opinions. hdinred Originally Posted by mosul210 128bit era with the PS2, Xbox, and Nintendo GameCube. LOL... never heard it called that before.. not sure if that's technically accurate.. Also IMO once again the last time we had a legitimate 4 pony race was the when we had the Dreamcast, PS2, Xbox, and GameCube. Dreamcast was out of the picture when GCN/XBOX joined the race.. There can only be 2 successful consoles at any given time. No more. No less. Originally Posted by hdinred eh...like I said, this will mean something different to everyone. I was playing my Dreamcast more than my Xbox or PS2 while Dreamcast was still around. What's funny is I rember when Wii sales would crush 360 and PS3 sales on a monthly basis. Of course this was long time ago and eventually the novelty wore off. Anyway, thanks for your input, I'm looking forward to reading how others remeber the industry. michealo Watcher of stances There can be co-winners now, don't forget. The wii-u will likely be outclassed fairly quickly. why hate? participate! Elitist Indifference FTW xbox live = Wrangl3r / PSN = thummper / wiiU = mm / steam = michealo That doesn't make sense in relation to your original question. You asked when have we had a four horse race, meaning four consoles all legitimately in competition with each other, then when presented with evidence there never has been you say you were still playing your Dreamcast at the time so there was. By that logic it's currently a 10 horse race for me as I still play stuff going back to the NES. As HD said, by the time the Xbox and Gamecube came out, the DC was already discontinued and game releases were few, if any. There never has been a four way competition. I think the only time there has been a honest three-way fight was last gen, and even that is probably disputable considering the PS2 blew the other two away. Badger3920 Everytime something like this comes up, the sega dreamcast is tiresomely trotted out. DC is like HD DVD, people's nostalgia prop up their memories of how good something was beyond the actual appeal of the original item before it promptly died. DC was not the holy grail of gaming. It had a few fun titles and was mismanaged into obsolescence. We don't need to bring it up in every console discussion that goes beyond this gen. Originally Posted by Badger3920 Back then I think the Dreamcast deserved every bit of praise it received... notice those first two words. Problem is, most people probably haven't played those games since then to find very few of them have held up well. The recent Jet Grind Radio HD release was a great example of this. Everyone was really excited at the announcement (myself included, though moreso for the hopes of getting the sequel), then the game comes out and the reaction was "Oh." Indy_aka_Rex Both of you are wrong and you should feel bad for being so wrong. I still love my Dreamcast, and yes... JGR/JSR is absolute horse piss since the lack of a second stick makes it handle like shit - BUT, everything else on that console is magnificent. I love playing Berserk: Guts' Rage, Powerstone, Shenmue, Sonic Adventure, literally every 2D fighter on it, Soul Calibur, PSO, hell... Blue Stinger sucks but that first impression was amazeballs. twonunpackmule Originally Posted by Indy_aka_Rex I'm piggybacking off this... JSR is exactly how I remember it. But, I still prefer JSR Future. The Steam version os JSR even allows image uploads. Which, was an awesome feature of the original. Basically, you could upload a jpeg and use that as your tags. A lot of the charm of the DC is the fact it was what the Xbox would later be. It basically paved the way to Online Gaming in the console world. In fact, it was better handled than the PS2's shitty attempt at it. Seganet was pretty awesome. Also, most people don't realize how community based it was. Not owning one during the timeframe sort of makes one not know about it. I love sharing saves, levels, and being able to mod my DC. It also featured the first usage of Console DLC. It was free. It didn't have a lot of time to make it's point, but it hit the ground running. Unlike a few other systems at the time. The DC had AAA title after title. It was a good time to be an owner of that system. So, I kinda don't understand why people insist on comparing 2007 to 2000. Or, even comparing 2000 to 2003. The internet and technology changed so fast that I think perspective constantly gets lost in the debates over the validity of an subject. When I debate films, one cannot really disagree that things have gotten better on a tech, or even in narrative shorthand perspective. Though, overall structure is something that I'm not a fan of in the modern age. A film in 2012 is "technically" better made that a film from 1950. Editing has improved. The science of audio and design has improved. Cameras have gotten smaller, allowed for more mobile staging. It just has gotten better, and the classics - Citizen Kane, M, and even Lawrence of Arabia - all show their age in several ways. Doesn't make them any less good, so long as the viewers is capable of allowing that perspective in. Which, I think might come easier for films, than games. But, for me it's all the same. It was my portal into the realm of IIRC chat and how I was able to get my translations of Berserk during my early days of High School. I still play and own games for my DC. It still features my preferred versions of Resident Evil 2, 3 and Code Veronica. Which, had the awesome precursor to the WiiU. It showed your health on screen without having to go into the menu. It was a small...but very AWESOME thing. The Dreamcast was awesome because it was ahead of it's time. It offered a more accurate view into modern gaming than it's competitor. Everything the DC did in it's short two years would be expanded upon by MS and now Nintendo. That's a pretty cool thing to look back to and see the early footprints of. It's actually the reason I got back into PC gaming. After the console died, I bought a PS2 - mainly for the abortion known as MGS2 - and was unhappy with it. It had a couple of game I obviously wanted, but it felt like a step back instead of forward, which is the opposite of how I felt about the DC. So, I primarily only used my PS2 for a select few games - GTAIII, Twisted Metal Black, Mark of Kri, Tekken, Onimusha and Suikoden. My main focus was the PC and my intro into the wonderful world of Valve. Sure, the PS2 had the library...but the DC had the ideas. PSN/Live - Twonunpackmule 3DS - 0817 - 4464 - 1180 Any game that features paid loot boxes should be rated AO. Last edited by twonunpackmule; 02-02-2013 at 06:38 PM. I love playing Berserk: Guts' Rage, Powerstone, Shenmue, Sonic Adventure, literally every 2D fighter on it, Soul Calibur, PSO, hell... Blue Stinger sucks but that first impression was amazeballs. You may like them but that doesn't make them good. The fighters you mentioned were awesome and Sonic Adventture was okay at best but everything else was pretty bad. Originally Posted by twonunpackmule It didn't have a lot of time to make it's point, but it hit the ground running. Unlike a few other systems at the time. The DC had AAA title after title. It was a good time to be an owner of that system. The Dreamcast was awesome because it was ahead of it's time. It offered a more accurate view into modern gaming than it's competitor. Everything the DC did in it's short two years would be expanded upon by MS and now Nintendo. That's a pretty cool thing to look back to and see the early footprints of. I don't disagree with any of that. The DC was great at that time and should be fondly remembered but, people act like it's still this amazing thing when most of its library hasn't aged well. Compared to other systems which have held up better such as the NES, SNES, and PS1 and it falls a bit flat now. Basically, what Sega was trying to do with the system is still impressive, the games not so much. The Last Story is Xseed's most successful game ever. Bane Game Room 7 11-21-2012 09:46 PM 'Death Race / Death Race 2' is coming October 9 Landy Blu-ray Software General Discussion 0 08-20-2012 03:07 PM Console War: It's A Two-Horse Race, Not Three Master X Gaming Smackdown 32 10-23-2009 04:47 PM The last game you would ever play capnmonkey Game Room 73 07-28-2009 10:06 PM Game Industry to Used Game Buyers F-You! Inglix the Mad Gaming Smackdown 126 11-11-2008 08:46 PM Privacy Statement Terms of Service Top Bringing you all the best reviews of high definition entertainment. Founded in April 2006, High-Def Digest is the ultimate guide for High-Def enthusiasts who demand only the best that money can buy. Updated daily and in real-time, we track all high-def disc news and release dates, and review the latest disc titles. Copyright © 2018 LLC, MH Sub I, LLC dba Internet Brands, Inc. All rights reserved. Amazon Pre-orders HD DVD Archive HD Content HD Smackdown Home Theater Gear Our Site Web Search	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0125.json.gz/line1203
__label__wiki	0.959237	0.959237	Jurassic World: Fallen Kingdom Review Written by: Carlos Zotomayor Film \| Jun 12, 2018 Fallen Kingdom Jurassic Park Jurassic World Universal Studios It feels almost poetic that in being a series centered on recreating the past, Jurassic World: Fallen Kingdom can't let go of what once was. Chase sequences, silent moments of anticipation, and yes, even the dinosaurs are all here; but it's just another walk through the same park. Photo Credit: Universal Studios The film takes place three years after the first Jurassic World, with the park now abandoned and within the danger zone of an active volcano. In an attempt to save the giant lizards, park co-founder Benjamin Lockwood (James Cromwell) commissions a stereotypical team of researchers, soldiers, and scientists, including Claire Dearing (Bryce Dallas Howard) and Owen Grady (Chris Pratt) to capture the dinosaurs and transfer them to an island where they will be safe (as if they aren't a danger to other living creatures). When I said "a stereotypical team", I wasn't exaggerating. The roles these actors fill have less dimensions as a Mickey Mouse cartoon. The nerdy computer whiz, the hard-assed tomboy, even Chris Pratt's Owen Grady feels like a step down from other roles he's played in the past. If you're expecting memorable lines like Samuel L. Jackson's infamous "Hold on to your butts!" from the first Jurassic Park, you'll be barking up the wrong brontosaurus. Speaking of the first Jurassic Park, Jeff Goldblum's cameo in the film does nothing but provide fan service for those fossils old enough to remember the film (myself included). And even then, his few appearances, echo just how devoid of personality this movie is. The plot is nothing to write home about, either. If you've seen a Jurassic Park film, you'll know exactly how this goes: idiots go to park, find dinosaurs, learn they can't control said dinosaurs but try to do so anyway, and in doing so everything goes south faster than a flock of migrating birds. What is so bad about this film in particular is it reuses so many of the past movies' previous tropes that it can't carve out a name for itself. Take for example the iconic screen pan of a brachiosaurus. While a series staple, the way the scene plays out in this film feels like the producers were ticking down a list of things they needed to include in order to call it a proper sequel. What many viewers don't realize is Jurassic World did exactly the same thing. It checked off so many tropes and scenes from the original series but did it under the guise of a new setting, characters, and a modern era, thereby making it feel somewhat fresh for the uninitiated. Since Fallen Kingdom keeps many of these things the same, the illusion isn't as successful and the lack of creativity becomes much more apparent. In this age where audiences want more memorable narratives to go with their movies, Fallen Kingdom falls drastically short. It still has those dinosaurs everyone loves, but they just aren't enough to bring the series into the present day. The biggest proof of this comes with the film's final act. Without spoiling much, it completely rips off its predecessor without so much as a second thought. The writing is lazy and uninspired, leaving with an obvious bait ending to get people to watch the next movie. It's starting to become like Michael Bay's Transformers movies, ever-inching closer to a coffin which won't seem to close. Jurassic World isn't quite a fossil yet, but it sure is getting there. About the author: Carlos Zotomayor Zoto can see your underpants. Mmm... tasteful. The Martian: Review Attack On Titan: Review Google Stadia: Will not be the End of Consoles By: GameGulp Staff \| Mar 20, 2019 Samsung Galaxy S10 impressions By: Stephen Sanchez \| Feb 21, 2019 Grand Poo World 2 is massive triumph in the romhacking community By: Jon Castillo \| Feb 19, 2019 About Us \| gamegulp Contact Us \| [email protected] Copyright © 2018 GameGulp, All Rights Reserved. Powered by Magis Solutions	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0125.json.gz/line1211
__label__cc	0.618321	0.381679	How can a reader possibly find my comic on tapastic? danielerudoni 2015-01-14 12:04:09 UTC #41 kurisquare: is pretty disrespectful. no disrespect meant! you can love or not love my manga, I don't want to force anyone to love my manga! XD I just want it to be seen, so you can love it or hate it! please, can you tell me where you talked about this, so I can give it a look. I'm totally new on the forums. minzinger 2015-01-14 19:06:57 UTC #42 danielerudoni: no disrespect meant! Haha...none taken. We know what you mean. ck_tapastic 2015-02-18 16:02:25 UTC #43 Just wanted to give a quick mid-point update here: We didn't forget this problem and are working on this. Stay tuned! supercool. thanks! I'll stay tuned! kaicastle 2015-03-04 18:21:36 UTC #45 Thank you for these links! raymundnell 2015-03-07 09:28:37 UTC #46 Please check out my first webcomic Exaggerated. It would be much appreciated. The genre is slice of life and has little comedy. ^^ It has a few viewers but I think drawing it is still fun as long as someone reads it. ^^ Please do check it out. T.T Thank you so much! final-cover-for-web.jpg1280x360 85.9 KB astepien 2015-03-07 10:39:53 UTC #47 The best experience I ever had with getting my work seen was on Newgrounds. As a kid uploading crappy animations, I got a lot of exposure and (very honest) feedback. Maybe there are aspects of the Newgrounds portal that would apply to tapastic? There is a highly visible feed of the latest submissions, and users are incentivised (via experience points) to engage with the content and leave thoughtful comments. globuline 2015-03-07 12:00:15 UTC #48 I love all the comments here, which are all spot on. There is something I didn't see people talking about much on this topic though (unless I'm completely blind) : you can do everything right in terms of marketing strategy (spreading the word, engaging with people, taking part in events...) but maybe people don't really like what you do. Maybe, you need to get better at what you do. Maybe, the world is not ready for what you do yet . And that is really hard to know because most people just won't say anything if they don't like what you do. Or they won't be able to explain why. Or what they say is wrong... Or whatever reason. The point is: don't forget to challenge yourself from time to time and to try to understand what's working and what's not. I actually redrew my first two chapters just to maintain the quality so i can stay in the manga madness collection a bit longer orz @rarmindy, I did the same for A frog's life, even though my comic looks pretty simple in style (like there is nothing to re draw). And I still think it's not enough (I only have 56 subscribers). I'm going through a drastic style change for it and trying it on the French version right now. Well, the difference is huge... coconull 2015-03-11 10:39:34 UTC #49 @michaelson My two cents: There are some ads between two chapters of each comic. What if on top or bottom of this ads, Tapastic adds a bunch of small thumbs (maybe 10 or 15, 50x50px each) featuring random series icons? This way, some readers will click the thumbs just for curiosity and they discover new comics. New creators earn some views, readers discover stuff and Tapastic gains some users permanency. Everybody wins Well, maybe it's not a good idea, but maybe it's a starting point, or it inspires you in some way. In general I agree with @ametueraspirant. Making friends it's the best way to get followers. In digital and real life. allenthomas 2015-03-12 03:51:01 UTC #50 I feel the EXTREME need to thank you. I have been asking questions about generating viewership with my comic and the very simplistic explanation you gave on chapters x episodes has now helped me immensely. My "webmanga" had been uploading 5 pages an episode with moderate success. It makes so much more sense, in a webcomic format, to upload one page per episode. Especially considering an episode can be whatever I want them to be. The advice given here is going to contribute so much to my webcomic's quality, viewership, and my sanity. rosette 2015-03-12 08:22:53 UTC #51 By the way. How people know or find a new comic that was uploaded recently? I somehow a little confuse how to use tapastic. Kura 2015-03-12 08:26:16 UTC #52 They don't make it obvious and you kinda have to do some awkward searching/realizations but I believe that it is comics > browse > date thanks ^_^ now i know. thanks you so much really helps purrlpankras 2015-03-15 15:11:39 UTC #54 I have the same problem with mine, I came from Inkblazers, there it was much simpler and you could search for comics quite easily. Here it feels like everytime I upload an episode it just goes straight into the abyss for no one to see. I mean theres no 'Just updated' thing on the homepage. and damn I tried looking for comics on here it's awkward, so no wonder no one visits my thing. Most of my views come from my Facebook page, and thats kinda sad. It just seems to me like Tapastic is only for the great popular artists. To get in the 'spotlight' you're a magic being that everyone looks up to. Thats how I think it's seen as.. TeamReGrBl 2015-03-31 14:21:45 UTC #55 Man oh man; first time on the forums (relatively new to tapastic too) and there is just so much information, it's mind blowing. Something I've noticed and wondered about; there are new comics with only a few pages/episodes of their comic, yet they have a ton of subscribers already. How is that achieved? I understand some comics are coming from a previously established site like inkblazers, but what about comics that start here? How does one obtain so many subscribers??? Anywho, if you've got some free time, you guys should totally check out our webcomic ReGrBl It's about a trio of below average, self appointed superheroes and their friends as they adventure, game, drink, and occasionally try to save the day. af68ec661fc14772870fb825dca50414.jpg1280x360 269 KB @purrlpankras7 Might be late to this, but there is that new 'Discover more' section that has 'Fresh' comics, which is a listing of recently updated comics. However, it's still a very vast and ever changing list, where more frequently updated comics have an advantage. woo, sorry for the long post! Spinester 2015-03-31 14:33:28 UTC #56 @TeamReGrBl, I think a lot of those comics with very few pages and tons of subscribers were featured on the site in some way, like the in the form New + Noteworthy section. rickrudge 2015-03-31 17:15:50 UTC #57 Yeah. It’s sort of like you need to bring your own fans in to Tapastic. Also, I noticed that the category of Comics and Creators, that they don’t give you the full listing of available contributors in those categories. You have over 166 Episodes, so you think that you would be featured. One way of getting on here is what you did, by just posting a link to the Forums. Jrej 2015-04-05 02:52:33 UTC #58 I decided not to focus too much on the stats. It drives you mad! I make the best comic I can, for ME! Sure it's nice to have subscribers and comments but what's important is to make the best you can today. If it's good enough, success will find a way... Takes a lot of the pressure off!	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0125.json.gz/line1213
__label__wiki	0.739412	0.739412	HomeAmy Schumer Doesn’t Care If You Don’t Like Her Trump-Bashing Amy Schumer Doesn’t Care If You Don’t Like Her Trump-Bashing Josefin DolstenOctober 20, 2016Getty Images It’s pretty obvious by now that Amy Schumer isn’t on the Trump Train. Not only has the Jewish comedian endorsed Hillary Clinton, but she continues to mock the Republican presidential nominee even when it upsets her fans. Around 200 people booed and walked out of Schumer’s show in Tampa, Florida, on Sunday after she Donald Trump an “orange, sexual-assaulting, fake-college-starting monster.” On Tuesday during a New York performance, Schumer shared an open letter to the Florida audience, in which she poked fun of the fans who left her show. “Dearest Tampa, I’m sorry you didn’t want me, a comedian who talks about what she believes in, to mention the biggest thing going on in our country right now,” Schumer said, according to People Magazine. “And, Tampa, I’m so sorry. I shouldn’t have said that he was an orange, sexual-assaulting, fake-college-starting monster. Shouldn’t have said that. I will never again say that he is an orange, sexual-assaulting, fake-college-starting monster!” she continued. Earlier this month, the Washington Post released a recording from 2005 in which Trump could be heard bragging about groping and kissing women without their consent. Schumer appeared in a video released Tuesday by the group Hillary for Humanity, which juxtaposes Trump’s comments from the recording with women’s accounts of sexual assault. At then end of the video, several female celebrities — including Schumer, Lena Dunham, Whoopi Goldberg and Meryl Streep — take a stand against Trump’s “locker room” talk, saying “It’s not ok.” Watch the video here: RecommendFacebookTwitter Josefin Dolsten Josefin Dolsten is a former news fellow at the Forward, writing about politics and culture, and editing the Sisterhood blog. She received an MA in Jewish Studies and Comparative Religion from the Hebrew University of Jerusalem and a BA in Government from Cornell University. Follow her on Twitter at @josefindolsten . The Forward welcomes reader comments in order to promote thoughtful discussion on issues of importance to the Jewish community. All readers can browse the comments, and all Forward subscribers can add to the conversation. In the interest of maintaining a civil forum, The Forward requires that all commenters be appropriately respectful toward our writers, other commenters and the subjects of the articles. Vigorous debate and reasoned critique are welcome; name-calling and personal invective are not and will be deleted. Egregious commenters or repeat offenders will be banned from commenting. While we generally do not seek to edit or actively moderate comments, our spam filter prevents most links and certain key words from being posted and the Forward reserves the right to remove comments for any reason. We’ll email you whenever we publish another article by J.J Goldberg.	cc/2020-05/en_middle_0125.json.gz/line1216

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