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Uber today won a major victory in Edmonton when a court injunction to block their operations failed.
Citing Star Trek and science fiction author Ray Bradbury, an Alberta court denied the city’s attempt to stop Uber from operating in Edmonton.
Bradbury’s worlds and those experienced by occupants of the Starship Enterprise “seemed unimaginable 30 years ago,” wrote Queen’s Bench Justice Michelle Crighton in a decision released Thursday.
The Internet is opening new avenues for what might be possible, she said. “It is not surprising, therefore, that legislation drafted to accommodate a more static, paper and people driven environment, sometimes lags behind the technical response to individual preferences and demands.”
As a result of this ruling, Uber can continue operating in Edmonton. One of the primary issues is that Uber Canada is just a front company, and that courts probably would have to really push to block the international conglomerate from operating an app that is administered in Holland.
All the city can do at this point is go after individual drivers, a measure that probably wouldn't be very politically expedient. Instead they'll have to wait until they pass their ride sharing legislation. On the bright side for the city, if they draft too ridiculous a legislation Uber will leave, just like they did in San Antonio. Bear in mind, though, that this may turn out to be a scorched earth policy.
What I find enjoyable about this is that the Uber vs. Edmonton fight, as encapsulated by the scoreboard above that K'mpec texted me earlier today, causes cowardly Don Iveson's far-left base to become disillusioned with him. Now that he's offended basically everybody who uses the roadways, there's a good chance that the shelf life of this useless sack of shit is coming to an end.
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Dear Fellow Members:
As we begin our 23rd year, the International Alchemy Guild continues to fulfill its charter obligations to provide networking and support services for modern alchemists and assist them in their practical and spiritual transformations. From its inception, I have tried to keep the Guild from developing ambitions other than these simple goals. We strive to be an organization without ego; the group’s will and life force itself originates from our membership. No one at the Guild gets paid; we are all volunteers. The Guild would not exist without the selfless service of our volunteers and esteemed Board of Directors:
PUBLICATIONS DIRECTOR – Daniel Coaten
http://alchemyguild.memberlodge.org/publications
Thanks to Daniel’s hard work, the Alchemy Journal has been completely redesigned with beautiful artwork and cutting-edge articles. He also implemented a professional website devoted to the Journal at www.AlchemyJournal.org and oversees all facets of publishing for the Guild. Members are encouraged to submit articles and artwork. Visit the “For Authors” section of the website.
BULLETIN EDITOR – Tracy Cranick
http://alchemyguild.memberlodge.org/bulletin
Tracy has expanded the Guild’s central communication tool to include more news and relevant articles. She has also opened the Bulletin to more shared experiences and feedback from members.
ARCHIVES DIRECTOR – Jim Baldwin
http://alchemyguild.memberlodge.org/archives
Under Jim’s leadership, the world’s largest online library of alchemical manuscripts and resources has grown even more. He has also added new search features and organized the files into 30 separate categories.
ACQUISITIONS EDITOR – Gabriel Maroney
Gabriel helps select and edit new submissions for the Alchemy Journal. He is a graduate of Bastyr University and specializes in medical alchemy and spagyrics in the tradition of Paracelsus.
CHAPTERS DIRECTOR – Vincent Martin
http://alchemyguild.memberlodge.org/chapters
Thanks to Vincent’s directorship, we added three new chapters (Poland, Chicago, and North Carolina). We now have 17 chapters in nine countries. He is the President of the growing Ohio Alchemy Guild - http://www.alchemyguildohio.org
MEMBERSHIP DIRECTOR – Jason Collette
http://alchemyguild.memberlodge.org/membership
Jason has consolidated and refined our membership services and has limited membership to 500 members to provide better service. There is also a new app just for members. Download the Wild Apricot for Members App from https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.wildapricot.appformembers or https://itunes.apple.com/app/wild-apricot/id1220348450 and login with your Guild user name and password.
SOCIAL MEDIA DIRECTOR – Steve Kalec
http://alchemyguild.memberlodge.org/forums
Under Steve’s steady hand, the quality and relevance of our forum contacts and message has greatly improved. The Guild now has over 40,000 members in our Facebook groups.
GUILD SECRETARY – Paulette Dager-Harris
http://www.alchemyconference.net
Paulette has been one of the Guild’s guiding lights for over a decade and is known for her sage advice to members in the forums. She is an essential ingredient at our national conferences.
DIRECTOR OF EDUCATION – Benjamin Turale
http://alchemyguild.memberlodge.org/lectures
Benjamin’s modern perspectives on teaching alchemy are just what is needed at this crucial time in the Guild’s evolution. His website is http://www.benjaminturale.com.
STUDY PROGRAM DIRECTOR – Alex Hayden
http://alchemyguild.memberlodge.org/ASP
Under Alex’ control, the Alchemy Study Program expanded its offerings and resources. The website (http://www.alcheystudy.com ) has been completely revamped and is now scalable to fit all smart devices. Course manuals have been updated and professionally published. Mentors have been added in Spiritual Alchemy (John Hernandez) and Practical Alchemy (Robert Bartlett) for students desiring personal guidance. See http://alchemyguild.memberlodge.org/mentoring
ALCHEMY MUSEUM PROJECT
http://www.rosicrucianpark.org/alchemy-museum
After five years of preparation, the Alchemy Museum in San Jose, California, is scheduled to open in 2020. Guild members who donated artifacts and time to this project are to be congratulated. The first phase of remodeling is complete and the next phase of interior construction is beginning. The museum will be a beacon for students of alchemy and will also serve the general public. Multimedia experiences and immersive environments will inspire guests to meaningfully engage with the operations of alchemy as presented in the Guild’s teachings. Other areas will take a more contemplative tone, providing space for meditation and for guests to reflect on the connections between alchemy and their personal and spiritual beliefs and practices. A complete 12-station laboratory, auditorium, library, herbatorium, and alchemical garden are all part of the structure. A preview exhibit is now on display in the Egyptian Museum. Guild members receive free admission.
As President of the Guild, I am still working hard to expand the Guild’s influence and present the ancient teachings from which alchemy originated to the modern world. I continue to write books about the applications of alchemy. I also started a regular “Alchemergy” podcast available on iTunes, Google Play, Stitcher, Spotify, and other popular apps. The podcast is hosted at http://alchemergy.podbean.com in addition to my YouTube channel at https://www.youtube.com/user/alchemergist.
I look forward to the coming year and the exciting challenges and deep transformations we have ahead and share as brothers and sisters of the Alchemy Guild.
Dennis William Hauck
http://www.DWHauck.com
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HomeMagnesium Market
Market and Production
Magnesium demand is forecast to show healthy growth over the next five years, exhibiting an average annual growth rate of 5% to total 1,400 kt in 2017. Rather than reflecting a “new normal”, the mid-2000s explosion in demand was largely tied to surging global and Chinese growth. Both of these factors have now moderated, and growth in magnesium consumption is therefore expected to be more modest going forward. Barring any great market changes or breakthroughs in use, long-term growth in magnesium demand (i.e., post 2017) may, however, be more sluggish, as Chinese consumption continues to ease as China’s economy matures.
Magnesium in the automotive industry
Since the 1930s, the global automotive industry has used a wide range of magnesium components on vehicles: in pistons, oil pumps, mounts, brackets and housings. In the late 1930s to 1960s, the VW Beetle was the first vehicle to use more than 40 pounds of magnesium, primarily in its transmission and air-cooled engine. The 1952 Chrysler had more than 15 die-cast parts, most converted from heavy zinc. Ford Motor Company’s 1998 Partnership for a New Generation of Vehicles (PNGV) demonstration vehicle contained 87 lb of magnesium components.
Starting with 2011 models, the U.S. federal government’s fuel-economy standards, which had been frozen for years, saw the biggest change since the Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) law was created in 1975. The average fuel economy for cars must improve from the 27.5 mile per gallon (mpg), where it has been since 1990, to 37.8 mpg by 2016, and the truck standard is to rise from 23.5 to 28.8 mpg. This means that cars must improve by 37% and trucks by 23%. Combined, cars and trucks in 2016 should average 34.1 mpg, up 35% from the current 25.3 mpg, a jump of 5.1% per year.
A recent report from the United States Automotive Materials Partnership, a collaboration among carmakers GM, Ford and Chrysler, estimates that by 2020, 250 pounds of magnesium will replace 500 pounds of steel and 90 pounds of magnesium will replace 130 pounds of aluminum per vehicle, resulting in an overall 15% weight reduction.
If those predictions for magnesium usage in cars come true, there is reason to believe that overall magnesium demand will continue to be positive for the foreseeable future. While Europe is holding back, preventing a return to pre-economic-downturn growth levels, the automotive outputs of Asia and South America are making up some of the slack, helping global demand.
Markets Targeted by Alliance Magnesium
End-user markets for magnesium extracted from the proposed plant would be global. At the proposed 50,000 tpy magnesium metal production rate, Alliance Magnesium would only grab a small share of the annual growth in this sector. It would therefore not displace incumbents, but would be a new player.
Alliance Magnesium initiated meetings with large players in the automobile industry at the Global Automotive Lightweight Material Conference in London, UK and at the APMA conference in Windsor Ontario. APMA is Canada’s national association of OEM producers of parts, equipment, tools, supplies and services for the worldwide automotive industry.
Potential clients globally would include volume carmakers, high-end manufacturers, most diversified automotive supplier in the world, which designs, develops and manufactures automotive systems, assemblies, modules and components, many other first tier and mid-tier suppliers, large aluminium consortiums and large aerospace companies and OEMs.
Roskill, a well-recognized industry consultancy group, commented recently on new initiatives to use more magnesium in cars in order to reduce weight and greenhouse gas emissions, saying that:
In October 2012, General Motors said it was testing a new process to form lightweight magnesium sheet metal with a view to increasing its usage in cars. Magnesium, which weighs 33 percent less than aluminum, 60 percent less than titanium and 75 percent less than steel, would cut fuel usage.
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Turkey’s TIKA awards $150,000 grant to help alleviate rural poverty in Latin America
WAHINGTON DC (September 19)
The Turkish International Cooperation and Development Agency (TIKA) grant award of $150,000 (USD) to Strategies for International Development (SID) a DC-based not-for-profit that helps alleviate rural poverty in Central and South America. This is the first time TIKA has awarded a grant to a country in Latin America.
In honor of this grant, Turkish Coalition of America (TCA) organized a reception that was held on Capitol Hill in the House Natural Resources Committee Hearing Room where Turkish Ambassador Namik Tan gave remarks.
“TCA is thrilled to bring these two organizations together to help reduce rural poverty, and make a difference in the lives of families in Latin America,” said G. Lincoln McCurdy, president of TCA. “I am also grateful to Congressman Henry Cuellar, a member of both the Hispanic and Turkey Caucuses, and to Esther Aguilera, President and CEO of the Congressional Hispanic Caucus Institute for their letters of appreciation for this worthy grant.”
SID hosted a dinner following the reception. Guests attending these events included: Members of Congress Virginia Foxx and Ed Whitfield, Co-Chairs of the Turkey Caucus; Chairman of the Hispanic Caucus and Institute Ruben Hinojosa; Jim Moran; and Ileana Ros-Lehtinen.
“TIKA looks forward to establishing collaborative opportunities with Latin American countries to address challenges and priorities specific to this region. Thanks to our partners, the Turkish Coalition of America and Strategies for International Development, we have made a contribution to local farmers in Guatemala, Peru, and Bolivia. I believe this project will be very fruitful and is a significant step toward strengthening friendly relations and cooperation between Turkey and these countries, “ said Harun Tuncer, deputy president of the Turkish International Cooperation and Development Agency (TIKA)
About / Künye
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Matches:List of Indo-Iranian languages
* List of Indo-Iranian languages *
فهرست زبان های هند و ایرانی
(Wikipedia) - Indo-Iranian languages (Redirected from List of Indo-Iranian languages)
Indo-Iranian
Geographic distribution: Eastern Europe, West Asia, Central Asia, South Asia
Linguistic classification: Indo-European
Proto-language: Proto-Indo-Iranian
Subdivisions:
Indo-Aryan
Nuristani
ISO 639-5: iir
Glottolog: indo1320
The approximate present-day distribution of the Indo-European branches of Eurasia: Indo-Iranian
The Indo-Iranian languages, or Indo-Iranic languages, also known as the Aryan languages, constitute the easternmost extant branch of the Indo-European language family. It is also the largest branch, with more than 1 billion speakers stretching from Europe (Jasz) and the Caucasus (Ossetian) eastward to Xinjiang (Sarikoli) and Assam (Assamese) and south to Maldives (Dhivehi).
1 Languages
Indo-Iranian consists of three groups:
The largest in terms of native speakers are Hindustani (Hindi–Urdu, ~590 million), Bengali (205 million), Punjabi (100 million), Marathi (75 million), Persian (60 million), Pashto (ca. 50 million), Gujarati (50 million), Kurdish (35 million), Bhojpuri (40 million), Awadhi (40 million), Maithili (35 million), Oriya (35 million), Marwari (30 million), Sindhi (25 million), Rajasthani (20 million), Chhattisgarhi (18 million), Assamese (15 million), Sinhalese (16 million), Nepali (17 million), Balochi (30 million), and Rangpuri (15 million).
The Indo-Iranian languages derive from a reconstructed common proto-language, called Proto-Indo-Iranian.
Indo-Iranian languages were once spoken across an even wider area. The Scythians, were described by Roman writer Strabo as inhabiting the lands to the north of the Black Sea in present-day Ukraine, Moldova and Romania. The river-names Don, Dnieper, Danube etc. are possibly of Indo-Iranian origin. The so-called Migration Period saw Indo-Iranian languages disappear from Eastern Europe, apart from the ancestor of Ossetian in the Caucasus, with the arrival of the Turkic-speaking Pechenegs and others by the 8th century AD.
The oldest attested Indo-Iranian languages are Vedic Sanskrit (ancient Indo-Aryan), Older and Younger Avestan and Old Persian (ancient Iranian languages). A few words from a fourth language (very closely related to Indo-Aryan; see Indo-Aryan superstrate in Mitanni) are attested in documents from the ancient Mitanni kingdom in northern Mesopotamia and Syria and the Hittite kingdom in Anatolia.
This section requires expansion. (April 2014)
Innovations shared with other languages affected by the satem sound changes include:
Fronting and assibilation of the Proto-Indo-European palato-velar stops: *ḱ, *ǵʰ, *ǵ > *ĉ, *ĵʰ, *ĵ
The merger of the PIE labiovelar and plain velar stops: *kʷ, *gʷʰ, *gʷ > *k, *gʰ, *g
The Ruki sound law
Innovations shared with Greek include:
The vocalization of the PIE syllabic nasals *m̥, *n̥ to *a
Grassmann''s law
Innovations unique to Indo-Iranian include:
The lowering of PIE *e to *a
*o was also lowered to *a, though this occurred in several other Indo-European languages as well.
Brugmann''s law
Tags:Anatolia, Asia, Bengali, Caucasus, Central Asia, Danube, Europe, Greek, Hindustani, Hittite, ISO, Iranian, Kurdish, Maldives, Mesopotamia, Old Persian, Persian, Proto-Indo-Iranian, Roman, Romania, Sanskrit, Scythians, South Asia, Syria, Ukraine, Urdu, Vedic, Wikipedia
Add definition or comments on List of Indo-Iranian languages
Upon approval, your definition will be listed under: List of Indo-Iranian languages
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BASIS Independent McLean Appoints Veteran Educator and Exeter Administrator as New Head of School
Friday, December 8th, 2017, 3:36pm
BASIS Independent McLean, a private preschool through 12th grade school that is a part of the nationally-ranked, world-acclaimed BASIS Curriculum network, has announced the appointment of Ron Kim as Head of School. The new head of school will greet prospective families and the school community at an information session on Sat., Jan. 20, 2018. For information on the information session, interested families can visit http://info.basisindependent.com/general-info-session-january-20.
LearningRx’s Reston Earns Lifetime Impact Award; LearningRx Vienna Earns Community Impact Award
Tuesday, October 17th, 2017, 12:20pm
Maureen Loftus, owner and executive director of LearningRx Reston and LearningRx Vienna, took home a top awards from LearningRx’s national convention held in Colorado Springs, Col: the 2017 Life Impact Award and the 2017 Community Impact Award. The Life Impact Award is given to LearningRx Reston for fulfilling the brain training needs of a client through multiple stages of life. The Community Impact Award is given to LearningRx Tysons for the top seven centers in the nation that have the most significant impact on the people in their respective community.For more information, go to www.learningrx.com/reston.
No. Virginia Couple Introduces Cook, Eat, Play, Travel; Video Journal of Culinary Tours
Friday, October 6th, 2017, 2:27pm
Northern Virginia owners, George and Linda Meyers, of Cook in Tuscany, Cook in Mexico and Cook in Cuba debuted ‘Cook, Eat, Play, Travel’, their online, video diary of their worldwide travels and journeys. They are always asked about life “outside” of their culinary tours in Tuscany, Mexico and Cuba, so they started documenting their adventures. Named one of the top 15 Foodie Destinations by USA Today, the Meyers created Cook, Eat, Play, Travel to allow people around the world to experience some of their culinary travel adventures online. To view or learn more, go to www.cookeatplaytravel.com.
Metropolitan School of the Arts Student Joins Houston Ballet Academy
Tuesday, September 19th, 2017, 10:29am
Metropolitan School of the Arts (MSA) Academy of Alexandria Va. congratulates its student Elpida Voryas, 16, of Alexandria, Va. on her acceptance to the pre-professional Houston Ballet Academy program this fall. Go to www.metropolitanarts.org for more information.
Voryas has been taking jazz, ballet, modern and contemporary dance for 12 years, but became more committed to ballet at age 8, when she started MSA’s conservatory Royal Academy of Dance. After graduating from that program with distinction, she was invited to train with the prestigious Royal Ballet School Summer program in London in 2017, where she was among 125 female and male dancers who were picked from 2,700 applicants from around the world.
LearningRx Of Reston, Vienna, VA. Earns National Customer Service Award
Monday, August 28th, 2017, 2:54pm
LearningRx Reston, Va. and Vienna, Va., brain training centers were presented with a top, 2017 Customer Service Award at the company’s national convention held in Colorado Springs, Colo. The award is given to centers that have shown a strong commitment to customer satisfaction. For more information, go to www.learningrx.com.
Reston, Va. and Vienna, Va. brain training centers averaged an overall score of 9.5 out of 10 for all clients that trained in the centers over the last year.To determine customer satisfaction, LearningRx uses a 10-point scale and asks clients (or their parents) the likelihood they would recommend LearningRx to a friend. The 10-point measurement of customer loyalty also works as a system to increase customer satisfaction.
“We love what we do…and we’re thrilled to be able to help others achieve their goals through brain training,” said Maureen Loftus, executive director of LearningRx of Vienna and Reston, Va.
Metropolitan School of the Arts Welcomes New Faculty Members
Monday, July 24th, 2017, 2:00pm
Metropolitan School of the Arts (MSA) of Alexandria Va. welcomes eight new faculty members to its tap, jazz, hip hop and ballet departments, from various parts of the United States and beyond, including Roger C. Jeffrey, a NYC native and The Juilliard School graduate, specializing in ballet, Quynn Johnson, a Howard University graduate and student of tap and West African dance, and Guiliano Antonio, a Brazilian tap artist, who has taught at several tap festivals in Argentina, Brazil and the United States. Go to www.metropolitanarts.org for more information on their staff.
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The World Beyond BetterMost »
The Culture Tent (Moderator: Sheriff Roland) »
The Classic TV Thread
Author Topic: The Classic TV Thread (Read 3946 times)
Re: The Classic TV Thread
I haven't seen a bit of the wedding. Maybe 2-3 still pix at most.
But Clarissa posted this on Facebook today -- not sure if you all saw her post -- and I gained more respect for Meghan Markle. Somehow I managed to watch the video without reading who it was, and I already liked it when I thought it was just some random girl!
[youtube=425,350]http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tfaGleA4qYo[/youtube]
Yes, I've been seeing that making the rounds on FB.
Stradford
Don't Say Much
Never seen this video of Meghan before. That's pretty cool. I didn't know she was into the business from such a young age.
Quote from: Stradford on June 21, 2018, 09:59:22 am
I must have missed the part about her being into the business. I took her to be some regular kid who was offended by the commercial and got the company to change it.
I'm offended by those commercials, too. That one's particularly bad, but all housekeeping commercials that focus on women -- i.e., roughly 100% of them -- offend me.
Veteran Actor Georgia Engel Passes Away At Age 70
by BWW News Desk Apr. 15, 2019
BroadwayWorld is saddened to report the passing of veteran stage and screen actor, Georgia Engel. She was 70 years old. Georgia's Broadway roles included Mrs. Tottendale in The Drowsy Chaperone; Minnie Fay in Hello, Dolly! with Ethel Merman, The Boys From Syracuse, and My One and Only with Tommy Tune. Off-Broadway she was seen in Annie Baker's John at Signature Theatre for which she won an Obie Award, Uncle Vanya at Soho Rep, and, Will Eno's Middletown at Vineyard Theatre.
Her most recent stage role of note was appearing opposite Lillias White, Donna McKechnie, and Andre de Shields in the musical Half Time at Paper Mill Playhouse.
She was best known for her work as Georgette Franklin Baxter on The Mary Tyler Moore Show, on which she appeared from 1972 until the show ended in 1977. The role won her two Emmy nominations. After that series ended, she teamed up with former Mary Tyler Moore Show co-star Betty White for The Betty White Show during its first and only (1977-1978) season. Engel received consecutive Emmy nominations as outstanding guest actress in a comedy series in 2003, 2004, and 2005 for her role on Everybody Loves Raymond as Robert Barone's mother-in-law, Pat MacDougall.
^^^^^ ^^^^^^
Georgia Georgia
https://www.broadwayworld.com/article/Veteran-Actor-Georgia-Engel-Passes-Away-At-Age-70-20190415
Sad. But also, Betty White looks so young in that photo. I guess of course, that was 40+ years ago, so she would be. But for some reason I think of her as always looking the age she is now.
Jeff Wrangler
BetterMost Supporter!
"He somebody you cowboy'd with?"
Quote from: serious crayons on April 16, 2019, 09:04:23 am
It's shocking to think it was that long ago. It seems like the MTM show ended only a few years ago. I've noticed that about other TV shows, too, but then I also "feel" like the year can't be 2019, like it can't be any later than 2009 at the most. It's difficult for me to grasp that we are only six years from completing the first quarter of this century (not that we'll see the end of it).
"It is required of every man that the spirit within him should walk abroad among his fellow-men, and travel far and wide."--Charles Dickens.
Quote from: Jeff Wrangler on April 16, 2019, 10:31:42 am
What, you don't plan on living to 140+?
We're lucky we won't be here until the end of the century. I feel sorry for my kids, who have at least a chance of it -- they'll be 104 and 106, but their great-grandmother lived to 105. By the end of the century, some scientists predict the earth will be uninhabitable 20 degrees on either side of the equator.
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Tag Archives: development
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Client & Experience
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/ Babies can learn that hard work pays off
Babies can learn that hard work pays off
Researchers found that babies who watched an adult struggle to complete tasks before succeeding tried harder at their own difficult task, compared to babies who saw an adult succeed without effort.
If at first you don’t succeed, try, try again.
A new study from MIT reveals that babies as young as 15 months can learn to follow this advice. The researchers found that babies who watched an adult struggle at two different tasks before succeeding tried harder at their own difficult task, compared to babies who saw an adult succeed effortlessly.
The study suggests that infants can learn the value of effort after seeing just a couple of examples of adults trying hard, although the researchers have not studied how long the effect lasts. Although the study took place in a laboratory setting, the findings may offer some guidance for parents who hope to instill the value of effort in their children, the researchers say.
“There’s some pressure on parents to make everything look easy and not get frustrated in front of their children,” says Laura Schulz, a professor of cognitive science at MIT. “There’s nothing you can learn from a laboratory study that directly applies to parenting, but this does at least suggest that it may not be a bad thing to show your children that you are working hard to achieve your goals.”
Schulz is the senior author of the study, which appears in the Sept. 21 online edition of Science. Julia Leonard, an MIT graduate student, is the first author of the paper, and MIT undergraduate Yuna Lee is also an author.
Putting in the effort
Many recent studies have explored the value of hard work. Some have found that children’s persistence, or “grit,” can predict success above and beyond what IQ predicts. Other studies have found that children’s beliefs regarding effort also matter: Those who think putting in effort leads to better outcomes do better in school than those who believe success depends on a fixed level of intelligence.
Leonard and Schulz were interested in studying how children might learn, at a very early age, how to decide when to try hard and when it’s not worth the effort. Schulz’ previous work has shown that babies can learn causal relationships from just a few examples.
“We were wondering if they can do similar fast learning from a little bit of data about when effort is really worth it,” Leonard says.
To do that, they designed an experiment in which 15-month-old babies first watched an adult perform two tasks: removing a toy frog from a container and removing a key chain from a carabiner. Half of the babies saw the adult quickly succeed at the task three times within 30 seconds, while the other half saw her struggle for 30 seconds before succeeding.
The experimenter then showed the baby a musical toy. This toy had a button that looked like it should turn the toy on but actually did not work; there was also a concealed, functional button on the bottom. Out of the baby’s sight, the researcher turned the toy on, to demonstrate that it played music, then turned it off and gave it to the baby.
Each baby was given two minutes to play with the toy, and the researchers recorded how many times the babies tried to press the button that seemed like it should turn the toy on. They found that babies who had seen the experimenter struggle before succeeding pressed the button nearly twice as many times overall as those who saw the adult easily succeed. They also pressed it nearly twice as many times before first asking for help or tossing the toy.
“There wasn’t any difference in how long they played with the toy or in how many times they tossed it to their parent,” Leonard says. “The real difference was in the number of times they pressed the button before they asked for help and in total.”
The researchers also found that direct interactions with the babies made a difference. When the experimenter said the infants’ names, made eye contact with them, and talked directly to them, the babies tried harder than when the experimenter did not directly engage with the babies.
“What we found, consistent with many other studies, is that using those pedagogical cues is an amplifier. The effect doesn’t vanish, but it becomes much weaker without those cues,” Schulz says.
A limited resource
A key takeaway from the study is that people appear to be able to learn, from an early age, how to make decisions regarding effort allocation, the researchers say.
“We’re a somewhat puritanical culture, especially here in Boston. We value effort and hard work,” Schulz says. “But really the point of the study is you don’t actually want to put in a lot of effort across the board. Effort is a limited resource. Where do you deploy it, and where do you not?”
Kiley Hamlin, an associate professor of psychology at the University of British Columbia, described the study as “a lovely demonstration that something we have long thought critical to older childrens’ and adults' likelihood of achieving success in school and in life — persistence on task — can be influenced in infants in the first half of the second year.”
Hamlin, who was not involved in the study, said the findings suggest two important things: “First, infants seem to be learning something about persistence in general, rather than on how to best solve task A or task B specifically. Second, influencing our infants' persistence, at least in the short term, might (ironically) take relatively little effort on our part.”
The researchers hope to investigate how long this effect might last after the initial experiment. Another possible avenue of research is whether the effect would be as strong with different kinds of tasks — for example, if it was less clear to the babies what the adult was trying to achieve, or if the babies were given toys that were meant for older children.
The research was funded by the National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship Program, the MIT Center for Brains, Minds and Machines, and the Simons Center for the Social Brain.
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Although a number of Revolutionary War Veterans lived here prior to 1800, the year Armstrong County was formed, it’s unlikely many lived here in 1776. Most Armstrong County veterans settled here after the war ended.
Please leave a Reply at the bottom of the document to add another soldier or information or submit corrections. Comments there are public. If you wish to communicate privately, please use our Contact Form.
The Revolutionary War began on 19 April 1775, when a group of colonists fought the British soldiers at Lexington, Mass. Hours later in nearby Concord, colonists fired “the shot heard round the world” when they battled the British troops near a bridge. The War lasted eight years, and ended on 3 September 1783 in Paris, when the United States and Great Britain signed the final peace treaty.
The complete title of the source cited here, “Early Deaths & Marriages”, is Early Deaths and Marriages in Armstrong County, Pennsylvania From Kittanning Area Newspapers, compiled by Constance Leinweber Mateer, 1996. Closson Press, Apollo, Pennsylvania
AUSTIN, Samuel
AUSTIN, Samuel, of Toby Township. (Source: “Early History of PA by Iscrupe). Austin did not serve 6 months. Also: #R328, PA Line, application on 19 May 1834 in Armstrong County, Pennsylvania, age 78, born 26 January 1756 in Chester County, Pennsylvania, moved to Centre County, Pennsylvania in 1783, and in 1805 moved to Armstrong County, Pennsylvania. (Source: Abstracts of Rev. War Pension Files. pg. 2231)
Austin, Samuel. Armstrong County, Pennsylvania. Pensioner. Gratuity:40.00. Annuity: 40. Granted by an Act of 1 April 1836. Source: Pennsylvania General Assembly, House of Representatives, Volume 48, part 2, page 226. Date:1838
BEYER see Boyers
BLAIN, William
BLAIN, William, 1753 – 1827, of Sugar Creek. (Source: “Early Deaths & Marriages”, compiled by C. L. Mateer, 1996.) pg. 20.
BLAIR, Thomas
Thomas BLAIR died in Westmoreland County but his family came to Armstrong County. Register to see BLAIR under Surnames and Bible Records in the Forum.
BOWERS, Sebastian
Revolutionary War Pension File #S40748
BOWERS, Sebastian. Private, Maryland Line, in a Company commanded by Captain STULL and Colonel GUNBY. Residence in 1823 and 1824 was Kittanning Township, Armstrong County, Pennsylvania. Certificate of Pension issued 23 July 1824 and sent to J. E. BROWN, Esq., Kittanning, Pennsylvania.
Auditor’s Office: BOWERS, Boston. Enlisted 1 June 1778 in the 7th Maryland Regiment. Discharged 1 April 1779. “It is the opinion of the Auditor that the name of the Applicant is spelled wrong on the Muster Rolls; it appears he served in Captain STULL’s Company in the Regiment commanded by Colonel GUNBY.”
18 June 1823, Sebastian BOWERS, aged 63, appeared before the Court in Kittanning, Armstrong County. His residence was Kittanning Township. Being sworn, Bowers declared that he enlisted for nine months in 1778 at Hagerstown, Maryland, in a Company commanded by Captain Daniel STULL, the Regiment commanded by Colonel GUNBY, in the Maryland Line. He said he served 13 months and was discharged at Bonbrook, New Jersey and was in the battle of Monmouth. He is a laborer by trade but unable to maintain himself or family. He has an aged wife. He had a large family to maintain but all have now married and left him except the youngest son, Henry, who resides with soldier and his wife on a tract of land Warranted in the name of Thos. HENDERSON, claimed by the Reverend William FINNEY?, for which an ejectment is brought against this applicant and which he has agreed to give up to the real owner, and this deponent also says that he stands in need of the assistance of his country for his support. Bowers signed his name in German.
23 August 1823. Venango County, Pennsylvania. William JONES of Venango County testified that he knew Sebastian BOWERS and knew of his service and that he, JONES, was enlisted at the same time and place and served in the same Company with BOWERS. Sworn 23 August 1823, Venango County.
Note: I have no proof that Sebastion Bowers is buried in Armstrong County, but he died in 1828 a resident of Kittanning Township so it is nearly certain that he is. The Pettigrew graveyard is a likely spot, since he named Archibald McIntosh an executor of his will.
Pension Roll of 1835, The Mid-Atlantic States. Armstrong County, Pennsylvania
BOWERS, Sebastian, Private.
Annual Allowance: $96.00
Sums Received: $452.49
Description of Service: Maryland Continental Line
Placed on Pension Roll: 23 July 1824
Commencement of Pension: 18 June 1823. Age: 74
Comments: Sebastian Bowers died 3 April 1828
Armstrong County, Pennsylvania Courthouse Records
Will Abstracts. Abstracted by Kathy Lambing Marcinek
BOWERS, Sebastion of Kittanning Township, Armstrong County. Mentions: Loving wife Barbara; land in Kittanning Township bought from David LAWSON; two sons, Henery and Morris; land my son Henery lives on. Appoints friends Archibald McINTOSH and Samuel MECHLING as Executors. Written 13 June 1826. Witnesses: E. S. KELLEY and David REYNOLDS. Registered 26 April 1828, Will Book 1, page 85
BOWSER, Noah
Noah Bowser, born 1748-1750, York County, Pennsylvania. Died 1830, Armstrong County, Pennsylvania. Married Eunice Ditto who died in Mt. Healthy, Ohio. Service: Private in Captain Peter Zellinger’s Company belonging to the 7th Battalion, York County Militia 1777-1778. This Battalion was organized under the state constitution of 1776. Children: Joseph, born 1775, married Rebecca Dull; Noah, born 1783, married Catharine Bowser; Elizabeth; George, born 1785, married Mary —; John, born 26 February 1784, married Elizabeth Baker. DAR descendant Dorothy Warner, #271573. Source: A roster of Revolutionary ancestors of the Indiana Daughters of the American Revolution. Published 1976, Indiana. Note: Zellinger is also spelled Zollinger. Thank you to Mike Wennin for bringing Noah’s service to our attention. Noah Bowser is also listed on the roster for the 7th Battalion of York County in the History of York County, Volume 1, by George R. Prowell. Noah Bowser died on 27 April 1831 in Buffalo Township, Armstrong County. Source: Mike Wennin. Noah Bowser was his 6th Great Uncle.
BOYD, Daniel
BOYD, Daniel. Died, 9 April 1831 in Plumcreek Township. formerly of Redbank Township. (Early Deaths & Marriages”), pg. 91
BOYERS, Asamus
Boyers, Asamus aka Oysel Boyers aka Byers. Revolutionary Pension File #R1099.
Asamus (or Oysel) Boyers, aged 79, of Allegheny Township, Armstrong County, Pennsylvania, appeared before the court in Kittanning on 17 September 1834. He made oath that he enlisted in August 1776 in the 8th Regiment of Pennsylvania commanded by Colonel McCoy and Captain Wendel Oury. That he enlisted on the farm of Abraham Leisure about seven miles from Hannastown, Westmoreland County. They soon marched to a place about two miles below the Kittanning, remaining there four months, guarding the frontier. They then marched to Philadelphia, thence to Wilmington, then to the Brandywine, where they were engaged in battle 11 September 1777 and were defeated. During the battle, the Regiment was attached to General Wayne’s Brigade. They then went with General Wayne to Paoli. “The British attacked us about nine o’clock at night, being sick I was not in the engagement that we lost a number of brave fellows”.
Asamus (or Oysel) Boyers testified that he was born in Tulpehocken Township, Berks County, Pennsylvania, in 1755. He lived in Westmoreland County when called into service, lived in Berks (now Schuylkill) County, and moved back to Westmoreland and then to Allegheny Township, Armstrong County.
23 April 1836. Elizabeth Boyers appeared before a Justice of the Peace stating that she is the widow of Asamus (or Oysel) Boyers, late of Alleghney Township, Armstrong County. They married in Berks County, Pennsylvania in 1794. Asamus (or Oysel) Boyers died 26 February 1836.
2 July 1851. Allegheny County, Pennsylvania. Personally appeared in open court for the said county, Abraham Byres, aged 54, resident of Tarentum Township, Allegheny County. He states he is the lawful child of Asmith Byres, deceased, who was a resident of Allegheny Township, Armstrong County at the time of his death. He states his father died 26 February 1836. His mother, Mary Elizabeth Byres, died at Tarentum Township, Allegheny County, on 28 May 1851, and that her maiden name was Mary Elizabeth Weaver. Asmith Byres and Mary Elizabeth Weaver were married on 17 June 1792 at Tulpehocken Township, Berks County, by J. P. Daniel Ludwig. Declarant was the third child, born 15 July 1797. The 1st child was named Mary. Asmith and Mary Elizabeth Byres died leaving five children surviving: Jane Clinglesmith, Abraham Byres, Fanny —-?, Susan Neil, Simon Byres.
Signed: Abraham Buyers.
Note: The spellings of Asmith and Byres were done by a court clerk.
Armstrong County, Pennsylvania Courthouse, Kittanning. Will Abstract.
BEYER, Asamus (also Asmus Byers). Allegheny Township, Armstrong County. He mentions the following sons: John, Henry, David, Abraham and Simon Byers; daughters Catharina Byers, Susana Neal, Fanny Steeps, and Jean Klingensmith. Beloved wife Elizabeth; $100.00 she received from her father. He gives and devises the legacy of Elizabeth Neal to her children Margaret Biraly (also Byrly, probably Byerly), and Abraham and William Neal, all the residue of their mother’s legacy forever. He appoints sons John and Abraham as Executors. Written 29 April 1831. Witnesses: Henry T. Klingensmith and Mary Klingensmith. Asamus Beyer signed in German. Registered 24 March 1836. Will book 1, page 175. Abstracted by Kathy Marcinek.
BOYLE, Daniel
Revolutionary Pension File # S40016. Boyle, Daniel.
Armstrong County, Pennsylvania. 18 December 1820, Daniel Boyle, aged 72 years, appeared before the Court in Kittanning to apply for a pension. He testified that he enlisted for a term of two years in the spring of 1776, at Cumberland County, Pennsylvania. He was in a Company commanded by Colonel Miles and afterward by Colonel Walter Stewart. He was discharged at Valley Forge about 1 January 1778. He states he was in the battles of Brandywine & Germantown. A schedule of his real & personal estate shows the following, his necessary clothing & bedding excluded: A 100 acre tract of land for which he has no title or claim other than an improvement right. Debts due him from Joseph Mercer, Michael Buzzard, David Ramsay, Peter Lobaugh, and Algeo Sawyers. Daniel Boyle owes debts to the following: Night Scott’s heirs, Thomas Jones, Hugh McDonald, John Henry’s estate, Montieth & Pinks, and David Reynolds. He says the only part of his family who resides with him are his three daughters, Elizabeth, aged about 27; Margaret, aged about 25; and Martha, aged 19 years.
I found Daniel Boyle in 1820 living in Redbank Township, Armstrong County. It is very likely that he lived in the portion that was taken to form Clarion County in 1839. He is drawing a pension of eight dollars per month in 1828, and is still a resident of Armstrong County. A bit of research would show if he died while still living in that same place and if that place later became part of Clarion County.
BROWN, James, Sr.
BROWN, James, Sr. 1742 – 1830. From Rayburn Township, buried in Kittanning Cemetery. (Source: Cemetery Record, Veterans Record (newspaper), and “Early Deaths & Marriages”. And from the “Boston Evening Transcript” of 22 November 1830. Under “Deaths”: In Kittanning, PA. Mr. James Brown, 88, much respected by all who knew him. He served three years and six months in the Revolutionary War. A soldier who had taken his place in the battle of Brandywine for a few minutes, till he could put his flint in order so as to strike fire, was in the meantime killed; also one fell on his right hand in the same battle. Revolutionary Pension file # S 40.750: James Brown, Sr. “In 1825, aged 78 years, a resident of Kittanning, Armstrong County, Pennsylvania, and wife Mary. Died November 6, 1830.” The pension file mentions that he was a carpenter. In September 1820, before the court in Kittanning, he states that wife Mary is about 68 years of age, his children are grown and married, but youngest son Robert was lately married and yet resides with them, to take care of his father and his aged and infirm mother. Pension file states he enlisted in Lancaster County on December 1776, for three years & six months, in the 12th Pennsylvania Regiment, a part of the Continental Army. Regiment was reduced and he was drafted into the 3rd Pennsylvania Regiment.
BROWN, John
BROWN, John. #S22145, PA Line, soldier was born in 1760 at Hopewell Township in New Jersey and enlisted in Bedford County, PA. Application on 18 September 1833. In Armstrong County, PA at the age of 73, after the war the soldier lived in Mifflin County, PA for 10 years then to Armstrong County, PA. (Source: Abstracts of Rev. War Pension Files, pg. 2231). Also residing in Armstrong County, in 1819. (Source: Penna. Archives, 2nd Series, Vol XIII, pg. 24)
Revolutionary pension file: Resided at Big Cove, Bedford County, Pennsylvania, at enlistment. Was a resident of Armstrong County, Pennsylvania in 1833.
Brown, John. Armstrong County, Pennsylvania. Pensioner. Gratuity:40.00. Annuity:40.00. Granted 15 April 1835. Source: Pennsylvania General Assembly, House of Representatives, Volume 48, part 2, page 226. Date:1838
BROWNLEE, Joseph
Joseph Brownlee Claim # W. 3245. Elizabeth Guthrie who first married Capt. Brownlee and then married Capt. Guthrie who served in the Revolutionary War. The data which follows was obtained from papers on file in the pension claim of Joseph Brownlee. While serving in Hannastown, Westmoreland Co., PA, Joseph Brownlee married in 1775, 76, or 77, Elizabeth, whose maiden name was not given. He enlisted in the spring of 1776 as a Lieutenant in Capt. Joseph Irwin’s company of Riflemen in Col. Miles’ Pennsylvania regiment. He was taken prisoner at the battle of Long Island, was exchanged and attached to Col. Stewart’s and Brodhead’s Pennsylvania regiments and was stationed at Fort Pitt and Laurens. Because of an injury in the foot he left the service in 1779 and resided at Hannastown until July, 1782, when the town was destroyed by the Indians and he and his little son, whom he was carrying in his arms, were killed by the Indians at or near Miller’s Fort. His wife, Elizabeth, and child, Jane, were captured and taken to Buffalo and Niagara, where the wife was sold to a British officer for twenty dollars and the child for ten dollars and two gallons of rum. Elizabeth was then sent as a captive to Montreal, was exchanged and returned with the child to Hannastown in July, 1783. (I doubt that Joseph Brownlee ever lived in Armstrong Co. but Elizabeth went on to marry William Guthrie, and they lived in Armstrong Co. See William Guthrie for more.)
BUYERS, George
BUYERS, George, residing in Armstrong County in 1813. On 1 Feb. 1777, Buyer was wounded at Princeton. (Penna. Archives, 2nd Series Vol. XIII, pg. 29.) #S40768, PA. Line. Application on 13 April 1818 in Armstrong Co., PA. In 1820 soldier was age 63 and a resident of Sugar Creek Township, PA and wife Susannah who died about 1817. Buyers was living with son George Buyers and also part time living with a married daughter Jane and also mentioned another married child (not named). (Source: Abstracts of Rev. War Pension Files, pg. 2231)
BYER see Boyers
CALLEN, Hugh
From the Journal of the Pennsylvania Assembly, House of Representatives
Volume 48, part 1. Monday, 26 February 1838: Mr Johnston presented the petition and documents of Hugh Callen, of Armstrong County, stating his services in the Revolutionary War, and praying for relief. Note: See James Rayburn, whose daughter Eleanor was nee Callen. At this time, I don’t know if the soldier Hugh Callen mentioned here remained in Armstrong County.
CARUTHERS, James
CARUTHERS, James. 1754 – 1846. Buried in the Old Presbyterian Cemetery in Cowanshannock Township. (Source, Cemetery Records)
CLARK, James. Clark is buried in Wasson Hill Cemetery in Plumcreek Township. (Source: Cemetery Records, Veterans)
CLARK, John
Revolutionary War Pension File #S41484. Major John CLARK, Armstrong County, Pennsylvania. March 1776, John CLARK was appointed 1st Lieutenant of Captain John MARSHALL’s Company, Colonel MILE’s Rifle Regiment, where he served one year. He was afterwards appointed Captain in Colonel Walter STEWART’s 13th Pennsylvania Regiment. CLARK was Captain of Colonel Daniel BRODHEAD’s 8th Pennsylvania Regiment and was commissioned as Brevet Major at Princetown, New Jersey, 10 October 1783. He served as a Major under General Arthur ST. CLAIR and was wounded 4 November 1791. He entered the service as a Major under General Anthony WAYNE and served three years in the Indian Wars. He was allowed pension on his application dated 25 April 1818, a resident of Armstrong County, aged 69, infirm and in reduced circumstances, with his application sworn and declared before William JACK. Signed: William JACK, Judge of Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania. John CLARK
9 November 1818. John CLARK certifies that he never received any answer to his request to be put on the pension list. He stated: “I prefer my claim for a Pension, it was in consequence of the wound I received at St. CLAIR’s defeat–4th November 1791.” Signed: John CLARK. Sworn and subscribed before Henry A. WEAVER, Armstrong County.
Joseph CLARK, heir at law of Major John CLARK, deceased, appoints S. M. HOSEY of Freeport, Armstrong County, to act as agent to try and obtain any amount of Revolutionary War Pension for the heirs of Major John CLARK.
22 February 1854, Armstrong County, Pennsylvania
CLARK, John, 5th. Major.
Annual Allowance: $240.00
Description of Service: Pennsylvania Continental Line
Placed on Pension Roll: 8 July 1819
Commencement of Pension: 25 April 1818
Age: 85 (sic)
Note: We have yet to discover if this John Clark is buried in Armstrong County.
CRAIG, John
CRAIG, John. 1753 – 1850. Buried in the Ancient Freeport Cemetery in South Buffalo Township. (Source: Cemetery Record, Veterans) John Craig’s pension number is S8253, PA. Line. John Craig was born in 1753 in New Jersey and lived in Derry Township in Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania at his enlistment. His application was dated 18 June 1834 in Armstrong County, Pennsylvania. He was a resident of Buffalo Township, Pennsylvania where he moved in 1796; a daughter is mentioned, but not named.
CRAIG, Samuel
CRAIG, Samuel. He was a Lieutenant in July 1776, in Col. John Proctor’s Battalion of Westmoreland County Militia. He was killed by the Indians in 1777. Samuel and 3 sons served: John, Alexander, and Samuel Jr. Not sure if Samuel ever lived in Armstrong County, more research needed here.
Additional information found in an old letter dated 7 December 1898. It stated that Samuel Craig was comissioned as lieutenant in July 1776 in Col. John Proctor’s Battalion of Westmoreland County. He was killed by the Indians in 1777. This paper is signed by Dr. Engle, State Librarian and Editor of Penna. Archives. Below the information of Craig’s service was written, “Exhibit A” and on the back of the paper, “Verified.”
An old diary was found among other old papers at Ligonier and in the entry for November 4th, 1777, was the record that a scouting party had found Samuel Craig’s bay mare lying dead on the Chestnut Ridge and as he could not be found it was supposed that he had been taken prisoner by the Indians as he was on his way to Fort Ligonier for salt the Saturday before. This diary or journal, as it was called, was kept by a Thomas Galbreath, one of the authorities at Fort Ligonier. We were greatly interested in this record as it corresponded so well with the family tradition concerning him, but we did not before know the exact date of his capture. Samuel Craig and three of his sons, John, Alexander and Samuel served in the Revolution. In Volume 10 of the Second Series, page 687 (or 66) I find the name of John Craig as a private in the 9th Pennsylvania Regiment of the Continental Line. Following his name is the record, “He died in Armstrong County in 1832, aged 81”. The company is not given, just a list of the men of the regiment.`
Michael Theran, a descendant of John Craig, contacted us to say the above record of Craig’s death in 1832, taken from the Pennsylvania Archives, is incorrect. I looked for John Craig in the 1850 census and found this: John Craig died March 1850 in South Buffalo Township, Armstrong County, aged 96 years. He was born in New Jersey, he was a farmer, and he was a widower. Source: 1850 Census Mortality Schedule.
CRISWELL, Matthew
CRISWELL, Matthew. Buried in Cowansville Cemetery, East Franklin Township. (Source: Cemetery Record, Veterans)
DAUGHERTY, Andrew
Revolutionary War Pension File #W2078. 18 June 1833: Andrew DOUGHERTY, aged 68 and a resident of Allegheny Township, Armstrong County, appeared before the Court in Kittanning to apply for pension. Being duly sworn, DOUGHERTY declares that he enlisted in the militia under Captain CRAIG in late April 1780, at Ligonier Valley, Pennsylvania. Captain CRAIG told him he was raising a Company to guard the frontiers and would call upon him when ready. That May, “I think on the 10th following, my father and brothers were taking the horses to pasture when I heard them shouting and looking round I saw a number of Indians. I took my sister (who was about 2 years old) in my arms and ran to the woods. The Indians followed me and shot me through the right arm when running. The Indians then caught me and brought me back to the house where they had my father and brothers Charles and Robert prisoners. There were in all 24 Indians.” The five of them were taken, the mother being away from home, towards the Conemaugh River. “They killed my younger brother Robert and my sister.” They took Andrew, Charles and their father over Blacklick and to French Creek on the River Allegheny and eventually were given to the British. They were released at Montreal on 14 August 1782 and started for Ligonier Valley, Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania, making it there on 14 October 1782. Andrew DAUGHERTY immediately enlisted again in a militia under Captain George AG–? and was stationed at Fort Ligonier. Soldier was born in Bedford County, Pennsylvania, lived in Westmoreland County, and moved to Armstrong County, where he still resides.
Armstrong County Courthouse, 5 January 1850. Sarah DOUGHERTY, aged 71 years, resident of Wayne Township, Armstrong County, was sworn and declared that she is the widow of Andrew DOUGHERTY, deceased, late of Wayne Township, who was a soldier in the Revolution and who drew a pension and who died 20 March 1845. Her maiden name was Sarah WOLF. She was married to Andrew DOUGHERTY August 1795 by Justice of the Peace James McDONALD in Ligonier Valley. A family record is attached showing the birthdate of the first child. The widow has not remarried. Sworn before Robert WOODWARD.
DAVIS, Ebenezer
DAVIS, Ebenezer. 1753 – 1818. Buried in Cowansville Cemetery in East Franklin Township. (Source: Cemetery Record, Veterans)
DAVIS, John
Davis, John. Revolutionary War Pension S22718.
Residence after the war: Kittanning Township, Armstrong County, Pennsylvania
Born: Franklin County, Pennsylvania, 1763
Family mentioned in the pension files:
Spouse: Mary M. Davis
Father: Nicholas Davis
Brother: Henry Davis
Brother: David Davis
Son: Samuel Davis
17 September 1832, John Davis appeared before the Court in Kittanning to testify to his military service.
John Davis of Kittanning Township, Armstrong County, aged 69. Volunteered for service and joined Captain Nehemiah Stokely in April of 1778 at Marchand’s Fort, Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania, on Sewickly Creek. Spring of 1780, was at Waldhauer’s Fort on the waters of Brush Creek and “we were attacked by Indians out of that fort in which two Indians were killed and two of our men, Peter Williams Senior and Peter Williams Junior (both belonging to the same company I did) were killed and a girl of the name of Catherine Williams was taken prisoner and has never returned to my knowledge.” The soldier returned to his father’s house for winter. “18th or 19th of March 1781 my father’s house was attacked by Indians and he (Nicholas Davis) and brother David Davis was killed, I and my brother Henry Davis were taken prisoners.” They were taken to the mouth of French Creek and the Allegheny River, then to an Indian town on Buffalo Creek and finally to Fort Niagara where the Indians gave them to the British. In the late fall of 1781, they were sent to Prisoners Island on Lake Ontario. They were sent to Montreal in the spring of 1782. In the late summer of that year, they were sent to Lake Champlain to a place called Saratoga, which was in ruins. John Davis was discharged at Saratoga along with Lewis Williams, Henry Davis, and two brothers named Franklin who took their course to the Wyoming (Pennsylvania) country. “Lewis Williams, Henry Davis and myself” went to Westmoreland County. Williams then went to what is now Washington County, Pennsylvania.
Signed John Davis (his mark)
John Davis is listed in the 1840 census as a Revolutionary and military pensioner in Kittanning Township, Armstrong County. He is living with Jacob Davis. There is a Henry Davis listed as an 1840 pensioner living in Plumcreek Township, but as of this writing I don’t know if it’s John’s brother Henry.
Update on Henry Davis: He is listed as a pensioner from Armstrong County, with both a Gratuity and an Annuity for 40 dollars, granted to him on 3 April 1837 for service in the Indian War. Source: Pennsylvania General Assembly, House of Representatives, Volume 48, part 2, page 226. Date:1838. From the same source, Daniel Davis of Armstrong County was granted a pension on 27 March 1837, for his service in the Indian War.
Dick, Gary See Richard Gary
DICKASON, Samuel
Revolutionary War Pension File #W285. Samuel and Elizabeth DICKASON.
Samuel DICKASON enlisted about 25 December 1777, at Duck Creek Hundred, Kent County, Delaware. He served until April 1780, in Captain COLE’s Company, Colonel McLANE’s Regiment. He was a teamster. In 1780, he served in Captain ROSS’s Pennsylvania Company, enlisting at George’s Creek, Fayette County, Pennsylvania. He was a resident of Buffalo Township, Armstrong County, Pennsylvania, in 1832, where he received a pension. He was then aged 80 years. He moved to Georgetown, Ohio, where he lived from 1836 to 1838. Some of his children were living there at that time. He returned to Armstrong County where he died 16 April 1846, in Buffalo Township.
He married Elizabeth CLUGSTAN on 1 November 1814, in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Elizabeth applied for a pension in Armstrong County, where she resided, on 14 June 1853. She was then aged 89 years and the pension was granted.
EASLY, Casper
EASLY, Casper. 1760 – 1829 from Freeport. (Source: John F. Easley, family tradition)
Check for records of the Guardian Angel Church in North Buffalo Township, Armstrong County, Pennsylvania.
ECKMAN, Eden
ECKMAN, Eden. Buried in Riverview Cemetery in Kiskiminetas Township (Source: Veterans Affairs)
ELGIN, James
ELGIN, James. 1750 – 1857. Buried in St. Thomas / Gastown Cemetery in Plumcreek Township. (Source: Cemetery Records, Veterans, and Church Cemetery.)
FINDLAY, David
FINDLAY, David. Residing in Armstrong County in 1810. (Source: Penna. Archives, 2nd Series Vol. XIII, pg. 69)
FISCUS, Abraham
Revolutionary War Pension File #W2778. Abraham and Catharine FISCUS. Abraham FISCUS appeared before the Court in Kittanning on 17 September 1832, aged 72 and a resident of Plumcreek Township, Armstrong County. He states: He was born in Lancaster County, Pennsylvania in 1760. He lived about seven miles from Greensburg, Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania, when he entered the service, but since the war has resided in Plumcreek Township, Armstrong County, Pennsylvania. He volunteered under Captain Jeremiah LOUGHRY at Colonel Archibald LOUGHRY’s Blockhouse, Westmoreland County, in April 1777 or 1778. The 1st Lieutenant was John GUTHRIE and 2nd Lieutenant was James IRWIN. He stated that persons known to him in the present neighborhood in Armstrong County are: George BECK, James and John RICHARD, Absalom WOODWARD of Crooked Creek; and Richard GRAHAM. Children mentioned are William FISCUS and Margaret HUNTER. Abraham FISCUS died 30 April 1834 in Armstrong County. His widow Catharine FISCUS appeared before the Court in Kittanning on 21 March 1842. She was then 75 years of age. She declared she was married to Abraham FISCUS in September 1784, by Reverend William WEAVER, pastor of the German Reformed Congregation of Westmoreland County. John McCULLOUGH, now of Butler County, Pennsylvania, was present at the wedding. She states that her oldest son William was then (1842) 56 years old.
1853. Samuel FISCUS of Armstrong County, aged 36, goes before the Court in Kittanning to say he was well acquainted with Abraham and Catharine FISCUS, who resided with his parents. He states that Catharine died at her son William’s residence in Armstrong County in September or October 1845, leaving seven children surviving:
Abraham FISCUS, aged about 62 years. Twin to Catharine.
Catharine BROWN, widow, aged about 62 years. Twin to Abraham.
William FISCUS, aged about 68 years.
Philip FISCUS, aged about 50 years.
Christena GOULD, aged about 5? years.
Margaret HUNTER, aged about 54 years.
Polly AYRES, aged about 65 years.
Note: Rev. William Weaver is most likely Rev. Wilhelm Weber.
Among the papers of Abraham Fiscus is a sworn statement from Gabriel A. Richart, a resident of Armstrong County and a Clergyman who certifies “that he is well acquainted with Fiscus and believes his declaration that he was a soldier of the Revolutionary War”. Sworn in open Court (Armstrong County) on the 21st day of March A.D. 1833.
Fiscus, Abraham. Armstrong County, Pennsylvania. Pensioner. Granted a Gratuity and an Annuity, both for 40 dollars, 8 April 1833. Source: Pennsylvania General Assembly, House of Representatives, Volume 48, part 2, page 226. Date:1838. Pensioners of Armstrong County.
FULTON, Jesse
Jesse Fulton was granted a Gratuity of 80 dollars and an Annuity of 40 dollars, as a Pensioner living in Armstrong County, 5 February 1836. Source: Pennsylvania General Assembly, House of Representatives, Volume 48, part 2, page 226. Date:1838. Pensioners of Armstrong County.
GARY, Richard
Revolutionary War Pension File #R3933. Richard GARY aka Gary DICK.
15 March 1824, Richard GARY, aged 69 and a resident of Buffalo Township, Armstrong County, Pennsylvania, appeared before the Court in Kittanning to apply for a pension. He appeared before the Court again on 18 September 1832, then aged 81 (sic) and still a resident of Buffalo Township. He had enlisted March 1776 in Baltimore, Maryland. He states that while in the Army he was called Gary DICK.
I do not have proof that he is buried in Armstrong County. At the Union Baptist Church Cemetery in North Buffalo Township, Armstrong County, there is a tombstone for Mary GEARY, wife of Richard GEARY, died 3 February 1856. Her age was illegible. There is also a tombstone for John GEARY, died 11 April 1871, aged 69 years 10 months ? days. John Geary’s wife has a tombstone and there is a James GEARY that died in 1863, aged 26 years.
GEARY, see GARY
Revolutionary soldier Richard Gary is possibly Richard Geary. He served under the name Gary Dick.
GIBSON, Gideon
GIBSON, Gideon. Buried in the Presbyterian Cemetery in Parker, Armstrong County. Also served in the Indian Wars. (Source: Cemetery Records, Veterans. And “Early History of PA.” by Iscrupe.) Gibson was born on 3 March 1764 in Cumberland County, Pennsylvania; he died on 10 February 1843. Wife was Abigail and they were married on 5 July 1804 in Venango, Butler County, Pennsylvania.
While a resident of Snake Spring Valley, Bedford County, Pennsylvania, Gideon enlisted three times and served with Capt. John Moore’s Pennsylvania Company at Moore’s Fort, guarding the frontier against the Indians. After the war, he moved to Westmoreland County and then to Washington County, and in 1799 to Armstrong County. He applied for pension on 17 December 1834, while a resident of Perry Township, Armstrong County. His claim was not allowed as frontier service against Indians was not pensionable under the Act of 7 June 1832, under which he applied. In the Armstrong County Court, a number of documents were sworn to prove that Gideon Gibson was in the revolutionary War in addition to the Indian Wars. George Gideon (not a relative) swore in Armstrong County that Gideon was in the same Company as he was and at the same time. Pension claim, R. 3993 was finally awarded to his widow. (Source: Gideon’s Rev. War Pension Records)
GIBSON, Samuel M.
GIBSON, Samuel M. Buried at Brick Church Cemetery in Burrell Twp. (Source: Veterans Affairs.)
GREEN, John. 1766 – 1850. Buried in the Green Cemetery in North Buffalo Township. (Source: Cemetery Records, Veterans records.)
GREEN, William
GREEN, William. 1740 – 1830. Buried in Green Cemetery in North Buffalo Township. (Source: Cemetery Records, Veterans Records)
From the Death Register at the Armstrong County Courthouse that was kept in the early 1850s, the entry for James Green, son of William, states that James was born in New Jersey on 13 May 1775, son of William & Mary Green. James died 14 April 1853, buried in Green’s Burial Ground, North Buffalo Township. This is further evidence that William Green was from New Jersey.
GUTHREY, William
GUTHREY, William. Died 1828. (Source: Penna. Archives, 2nd Series Vol. XIII, pg. 89) Elizabeth Brownlee married in July, 1784, William Guthrie of Hannastown, Westmoreland County. He enlisted in Cumberland County, Pennsylvania, in May 1776, in Capt. James McConnel’s Pennsylvania company of the flying camp, was in the battles of Trenton and Princeton and was discharged in January, 1777. He enlisted in 1780 and served as lieutenant in Capt. Mathew Jack’s company of Pennsylvania rangers, and he served another year as Captain of a company of rangers. After the close of the Revolutionary War, William and Elizabeth Guthrie moved to that part of Westmoreland County which was later called Armstrong County and he was killed by a fall from a wagon on 10 March, 1828, at which time he was 73 years of age.
Elizabeth, the widow of William Guthrie, died on 11 Feb. 1842, in or near Redbank Township, Clarion County, Pennsylvania at the home of her son, Joseph Brownlee Guthrie, and she was then 87 years of age. She was survived by the following children: James Guthrie, Joanna or Johanna Guthrie who lived in Jefferson Co., PA, and Joseph Brownlee Guthrie and William Guthrie who lived in Clarion County, Pennsylvania. In 1849 it was stated that Jane (the daughter of Joseph and Elizabeth Brownlee) had married Jesse Hukel and had moved to Muskingum County, Ohio, and that the family did not know whether she was then living or dead, as they had not heard from her for 8 years. Said Jane was 4 years old in 1786. On 25 June, 1847, the above-noted Joseph Brownlee Guthrie applied for pension that was due the surviving children of Elizabeth Guthrie, on account of the Revolutionary War service of Joseph Brownlee and the claim was allowed.
In 1847, Sarah Beatty, aged 84 years and a resident of North Buffalo Township, Armstrong County, PA., stated that she was the sister of Elizabeth Guthrie and that her father (name not given) moved to the vicinity of Hannastown, Pennsylvania, before the Revolutionary War. She did not give the date and place of birth of her father nor his place of residence before moving to Hannastown. Said Sarah married William Beatty, 8 July 1783. In 1847 ___ Beatty of Armstrong County, who married John Beatty 31 December 1789, stated that she was the sister of Elizabeth Guthrie and she stated that when the Indians killed Joseph Brownlee they killed her bother (name not given) at the same place. No further family data. (Pension Claim of Joseph Brownlee # W. 3245.
HANCOCK, Cutlope
Revolutionary Pension File #S22281. Cutlope HANCOCK was a resident of Allegheny Township, Armstrong County, Pennsylvania, living in the section that became Kiskiminetas Township. He moved there prior to 1800, as he stated it was Westmoreland County at the time of his move. At one time, he operated a ferry across the Kiskiminetas River in the area of Edmon. He and his wife Magdalena lived in the general vicinity of Maysville, Kiskiminetas Township. They could have been buried on their property, but most likely they are interred in the old Maysville Graveyard on the hill. It is my personal belief that this cemetery was started as a family graveyard for Soloman Dunmire and his wife Margaret Hancock, who was most likely a daughter of Cutlope.
10 December 1832. Cutlope HANCOCK appeared before the Court in Kittanning to apply for a pension. He was at that time a resident of Kiskiminetas Township, previously Allegheny Township, Armstrong County. He stated that he was then aged 93 years; he was born in Germany in 1739 or 1740; he was living in Cranberry, Middlesex County, New Jersey when called into service; that he moved to Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania about 40 years ago, where he lived near Greensburg for 3 or 4 months and then moved to the Loyalhanna Creek. He testified that he moved to Armstrong County after a year or two, but it was then part of Westmoreland County (Armstrong was formed in 1800). He named Rev. Gabriel Adam REICHERT and Jacob WOLF as persons in his neighborhood who could testify to his character and veracity.
Article by Wayne C. Ehrensberger
HARMON, Andrew
HARMON, Andrew. Died 1855, buried at Sagamore Lutheran Cemetery in Cowanshannock Township.
HARTMAN, Michael
Revolutionary War Pension File #W3680. 20 June 1825, Michael HARTMAN, aged 65, appeared before the Court in Kittanning to apply for pension. Being sworn, he declared that he enlisted as a private soldier at Frederickstown, Maryland for a period of three years, about 1777 or 1778, in Captain Michael BOYER’s Company, Colonel WELTNER’s German Battalion, Maryland Line of the Continental Army. Was at Valley Forge when the troops lay in winter quarters there; was at White Plains; served in the expedition against the Indians at Wyoming (Pennsylvania) commanded by General SULLIVAN; served at Yorktown and the capture of CORNWALLIS; marched to Charlestown, South Carolina, where he and the company shipped to Annapolis, Maryland and were discharged. On the way to attack the Indians as before mentioned, while the troops lay at Easton, Pennsylvania, he reenlisted for the duration of the war, which he served. He is a farmer on rented land. His sons have left and work for themselves and are in low circumstances. Two daughters live with him and work to support themselves. His wife is nearly 60 and neither of them can work on account of their age.
17 June 1845, Elizabeth, widow of Michael HARTMAN, aged 88 of Kittanning Township, Armstrong County, appeared before the Court in Kittanning. She declared she was the widow of Michael HARTMAN and they were married 10 February 1784 in Frederickstown, Maryland, by Reverend George COOK. The only person she knows living who was present at the marriage is Mary EVANS, a relative now living in Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania. Michael HARTMAN died 5 April 1845 (in Kittanning Township). John HARTMAN declares he is the oldest son of Michael & Elizabeth and he is aged 60 years.
13 December 1853–William HARTMAN, son and heir of Michael & Elizabeth, deceased, applies for pension.
Mentions youngest son Michael HARTMAN married in 1824.
Pensioners from the 1840 Federal Census, Revolutionary or Military Service, Armstrong County, Pennsylvania
HARTMAN, Michael ~ Age 81 ~ Kittanning Township, Armstrong County
HARTMAN, Michael, Private
Description of Service: WELTNER’s G[erman] Regiment
Placed on Pension Roll: 8 November 1825
Commencement of Pension: 23 October 1825
Michael HARTMAN is listed as a Revolutionary pensioner in Armstrong County, Her People Past and Present by J. H. Beers & Company, page 66.
Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania Courthouse Records, Will Abstracts.
HARTMAN, John of Hempfield Township. He mentions his mother and father and his sisters. He mentions one sister by name, Polly EAVENS, wife of Walter EAVENS. He names Jacob PAINTER Esq. and Jacob MECHLING, Sr. as Executors. Written 15 October 1802 and proved 30 October 1802. Will Book 1, page 172.
Note: Because Molly and Polly are often nicknames for Mary, I thought this Polly EAVENS might be the Mary EVANS of Westmoreland County who is mentioned in the Revolutionary pension of Michael HARTMAN.
Marriage record. Michael Hartmann, son of Henrich Hartmann, and Elisabeth Hartmann, daughter of Wilhelm Hartmann, married 27 February 1785. Present at the marriage: Barbara Hartmann, Maria Hartmann, Catharina Mercker, Johannes Ellenberg.
Evangelical Lutheran Church, Frederick County, Maryland. Digitized copy of the original records:
HEGIN, Edward
Revolutionary War Pension File #S39669. HEGIN, Edward, of Armstrong County, Pennsylvania. 11 May 1818: Edward HEGIN appeared before Judge Robert ORR, Kittanning, Pennsylvania, aged 63. Being duly sworn HEGIN makes the following declarations: He entered the service of the United States in the Revolutionary War in the first part of February 1776 to serve one year. The Company was commanded by Captain Thomas CHURCH of the Fourth Pennsylvania Regiment in the Pennsylvania Line. He served until May 1777 and was in the battles of the Three Rivers. He served several tours of militia duty, and was in the battles of Germantown and Brandywine, and is in reduced circumstances and needs the assistance of his country.
Armstrong County. 19 June 1820, personally appeared in Open Court, Edward HEGIN of Toby Township, Armstrong County, Pennsylvania, who being sworn declares: He enlisted for one year in February or March 1775 in York County, Pennsylvania, in Captain Thomas CHURCH’s Company, Fourth Pennsylvania Regiment, Colonel Anthony WAYNE. After WAYNE was made Brigadier General, their Colonel was MOORE. HEGIN was discharged in March or April 1776, by Colonal MOORE in Chester County. He was in the battles of the Three Rivers, Germantown and White Horse. He has a wife named Betsy, aged 50 years. Four children live with him: John, aged 14; Samuel, aged 11; Betsy, aged 8; and Ibby, aged 3. His occupation is Blacksmith.
Edward HEGIN died 28 April 1825, his widow Elizabeth surviving. In 1854, soldier’s daughter Sarah SHAUP was alive; her address was Matildaville, Clarion County, Pennsylvania
Notes: Toby Township became a part of Clarion County. Clarion was formed in 1839, so if he died in Toby Township, Armstrong County in 1825, his burial place would now be in Clarion County.
1860 Census, Perry Township, Clarion County, PA
Series M653, Roll 1095, page 416
SHAUP, Johnathan, aged 50, farmer
Sarah, aged 40
Matilda, aged 16
He has his dates a bit mixed up, as the Battle of Three Rivers was fought 8 June 1776, at Three Rivers, Canada, and the Battle of Germantown wasn’t until 4 October 1777. Was there another Battle of Three Rivers?
HEILMAN, Peter
HEILMAN, Peter. 1749 – 1833. Buried in the Heilman Cemetery in Kittanning Township. (Source: Cemetery Records)
“According to historical publications, Peter HEILMAN came to America in 1750 from Alsace-Lorraine at the age of two. His mother had died aboard ship during the passage. He and his father, Christian HEILMAN, landed in Philadelphia and settled in Northampton County. Both Christian and Peter served in the Revolutionary War, and it is assumed that Chriatian was buried in Northampton County. In 1800, either in a lottery or in lieu of pay for military services, 200 acres of land was granted to Peter HEILMAN, near Blanket Hill, Kittanning Township. HEILMAN and his wife had eight children. Two of the boys walked from Northampton, in eastern part of the state, to Armstrong County, to see what kind of land they owned. In 1961, the Daughters of the American Revolution, Kittanning Chapter, dedicated the grave of the soldier and placed a marker there. There were 200 persons at the ceremony.”
Newspaper article “Revolutionary Veterans Buried in Armstrong County”. Leader-Times, Kittanning. Thursday, 25 May 197_. (The last number is worn.)
This newspaper article doesn’t cite sources and you should always check these facts for yourself. See replies at the end of this page,
HELFRICH, George
HELFRICH, George. 1762 – 1833. Buried at the Old Schaeffer Cemetery in Burrell Township.
George Helfrich was a Private in the 1st Battalion under Lt. Colonel Beahm and Captain Daniel Good. Served “on the frontears” as a substitute for John Nees. Source: Revolutionary War Military Abstract Card File, ARIAS, Pennsylvania’s Digital State Archives
HENDERSON, Benjamin
HENDERSON, Benjamin. 1766 – 1857. Buried in St. Thomas / Gastown Cemetery in Plumcreek Township.
KELLY, Alexander
KELLY, Alexander. 1769 – 1844. Alexander is buried in the Crooked Creek Cemetery in Bethel Township.
KERR, William
Revolutionary War Pension File #W3560
William Kerr was born 5 January 1758. He enlisted at Hannastown, Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania on 9 August 1776. He served as a private in the companies of Captains Samuel Miller, Swearingen, and Moore, in Colonel Aenas Mackays Eighth Pennsylvania Regiment. He was in the battles of Ash Swamp, Boundbrook, the capture of Burgoyne, and several skirmishes. He was discharged at Pittsburgh 10 October 1779. He appeared before the court of Armstrong County on 17 June 1818 to apply for a pension, which was approved. He was a resident of Allegheny Township, Armstrong County, Pennsylvania. He died 20 January 1832. His wife was named Margaret, born 15 April 1785. She died 17 May 1843 at the home of William Gallaher in Westmoreland County. William Gallaher gave a sworn statement as to the wife and children of William Kerr. He was also one of the executors of William Kerr’s will, abstracted below. William Kerr died 20 January 1832. Son Alexander Kerr also appeared before the court. For the children of William & Margaret Kerr, please see Bible Records on this site.
Armstrong County, Pennsylvania Courthouse Records, Will Abstracts
KERR, William of Allegheny Township, Armstrong County. Mentions: beloved wife Margaret; sons Robert, William Jr., John & Alexander; daughters Elizabeth, wife of Joseph LOWERY; Hannah, married; Martha, wife of William GALLIHER; and Anne, single. Appoints Joseph LOWERY of Plumcreek Township and William GALLIHER of Allegheny Township as executors. Written 28 January 1831. Witnesses: Joseph H. KERR and William WATSON, Esq.
Registered 3 February 1832, Will Book 1, page 128.
The pension file says William Kerr died in Westmoreland County but the will shows he was still a resident of Armstrong County at his death. His widow Margaret did go to Westmoreland County, where she died.
KING, George Adam
KING, George Adam. 1765 – 1843. King is buried in the Bush Cemetery in Burrell Township. (Source: Christine Crawford Oppenheimer)
KING, John
KING, John. Private, 2nd Regiment, PA Continental Army. King was in Maj. John Murray’s Company under Col. Walter Stewart. He was age 29, 5 feet and 5 inches tall; his occupation was a butcher; born in Annapolis (town), Maryland. On the roll dated 9 September 1778. Certificate dated 29 Oct. 1784, pay for 1 Aug. 1780 to 1 Jan. 1781 was $33.00. From the PA Archives, 5th Serics; Vol. IV, pp. 501 – 502. Revolutionary War Declarations, Armstrong Co., PA. 6 March 1813 – Robert Beaty, Guy Hiccox, David Crawford, Samuel Matthews, John Gillespie, Robert Brown, Hacey Jack all testify that John King was in Capt. Spear’s Company under command of Col. Steward of 2nd PA. Regiment, and is now a resident of Kittanning Township in Armstrong Co. (Source: “Western Pennsylvania Genealogical Society Quarterly”, May 1981. Volume 7, number 4.)
KING, Jonathan. 1757 – 1837. Resided in Sugar Creek Township. (Early Deaths & Marriages, pg. 50)
Revolutionary Pension File # S13645. King, Jonathan.
19 September 1832. Jonathan King, a resident of Sugarcreek Township, Armstrong County, Pennsylvania, appeared before the Court in Kittanning to make sworn declarations in order to obtain a Revolutionary War Pension. He said he was born in Northampton County, Pennsylvania, in 1757. He has the record of his age in his father’s handwriting, taken from his father’s bible. He had lived in Northampton County until 1794, when he moved to Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania. He stayed there five years and then came to Armstrong County.
The Pension File states that he fought in no battles during the War. He enlisted for 6 months as a Private under Captain John Santee of the Flying Camp, March 1776. In April 1880, he served as a Lieutenant for 3 1/2 months under Captain George Nulff. Jonathan King died 14 June 1837.
Jacob Wolff was one of the men who appeared before the Court in Kittanning to testify as to Jonathan King’s character. Jacob Wolff said that he “lived within three quarters of a mile of the applicant Jonathan King from childhood”. They entered the service together in March 1776, in the Flying Camp under Captain John Santee at Easton, Northampton County, Pennsylvania. Source: Revolutionary War Pension File #S13645, King, Jonathan.
Note: Jacob Wolff was married to Christina King, sister of Jonathan. Kathy Marcinek
KING, Jonathan, Private & Lieutenant
Description of Service: Pennsylvania Militia
Commencement of Pension: 4 March 1831
Another source is the published Pennsylvania Archives, Fifth Series, Volume IV, page 501. Continental Line, Pension Applications, Armstrong County, Pennsylvania
Brady’s Bend Township, Armstrong County, Pennsylvania.
“Adjoining the Spangler-McCall tract on the south is a similar one, 400 acres, the warrant for which was granted to James C. CAMPBELL, a portion of whose land history is given in the sketch of Sugar Creek Township, a considerable portion of its southern part being still in that township. The warrantee’s interest became vested in Charles CAMPBELL. It’s original settler was Jonathan KING, who was assesed with 200 acres, 1 horse and 3 cattle in 1804, at $148, and with the same and an additional horse the next year, at $158. He was residing on this tract when he was elected the second sheriff of this county in 1808.” “He was in his early life a soldier of the Revolutionary War, and was at the time of his death, which occured here June 16, 1837, aged 79 years, 8 months and 14 days.”
Source: History of Armstrong County, Pennsylvania by Robert Walter Smith, Esq. Chicago, Waterman, Watkins & Company, 1883. Page 565
KING, Mathias
KING, Mathias. 1730 – 1810.
Mathias King is not buried in Armstrong County. In 1922, some descendants put up a monument to him and his family at Brick Church, Burrell Township, making it appear that he is buried there, but descendants today say he most likely is not. He died in Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania, where his will was filed, and he is probably buried there. I have found sources that say he is definately buried in Westmoreland County. Mathias was the father of Jonathan King, above.
KIRKPATRICK, James
KIRKPATRICK, James. Served 4 months. (Source: “Early History of PA” by Iscrupe. Resided in Wayne Township.
Source: Revolutionary War Pension File #R5992:
James Kirkpatrick was born 25 September 1754, in the place that later became Shippensburg, Pennsylvania. He applied for a pension 16 June 1835, while a resident of Armstrong County, Pennsylvania. He alleged the following: That while living in Shippensburg, Cumberland County, Pennsylvania, he enlisted 7 July 1776, and served as 1st Sergeant in Captain Robert Culbertson’s Pennsylvania Regiment; that sometime in the fall of 1776 he moved to Westmoreland County and resided there until Armstrong County was formed from parts of Westmoreland & Lycoming Counties, and has since resided in Armstrong County, except for a period of seven years during which he resided in Mahoning Township, Indiana County, Pennsylvania, and that he now (1835) lives in Wayne Township, Armstrong County. He states he was called into service on 20 August 1778, and served as an ensign in Captain Marchant’s Company, Colonel Gibson’s Regiment, and was discharged 20 October 1778, and returned home. He then enlisted in February 1780, at Pittsburgh, and served as ensign in Captain Samuel Love’s Pennsylvania Company against the Cherokee Indians at Cuyahoga. He states he was discharged 24 April 1780. After the Revolutionary War he lived in Armstrong County, except for a period of seven years during which he resided in Mahoning Township, Indiana County, Pennsylvania. Soldier was dead in 1853 and survived by a son Moses. No other family is mentioned in the pension claim. His claim was not allowed as he failed to provide proof of service.
(He gives a very detailed account of his service, but the claim was still denied.)
James Kirkpatrick, upwards of 80 years of age, appeared before the Court in Kittanning in 1835. Here are some of the sworn statements he made upon his oath of his service after moving to Westmoreland County: In 1778, he was in a Company of Militia commanded by Dr. Marchand, Captain. They were stationed on the south of the Monongahela River to protect men sawing timber under Colonel Gibson’s direction. Kirkpatrick went out as often as two or three times a week on scouting parties, looking for Indians. Captain Miller was scouting to Fort Hand with eleven of his men. Near Fort Hand and Hannastown, near where he resided, he and ten men were killed by Indians, one escaping. Kirkpatrick and others were discharged 20 October 1778 and returned home. February 1780, men of different companies were to go on an expedition against the Indians. Kirkpatrick was in a Company commanded by Samuel Love. Peter Thomas of Sewickley was Lieutenant and Kirkpatrick was Ensign. There was one company of Continentals, one company of Virginia Militia, and several companies of Pennsylvania Militia, with General Hand having chief command. The troops set out for Cuyahoga, going down the Ohio and up Big Beaver, Simon Girty acting as pilot. Came to an Indian Town and killed an Indian who first wounded a Captain of the Continentals “and killed them a few boys & the Virginians killed them a few squaws”. Deponent Kirkpatrick and John Denniston and Samuel Mahaffey took one squaw prisoner and saved her life.
LAUGHERY, William & Margaret see Loughery
LEECH, Archibald
I have no proof that Archibald Leech is buried in Armstrong County but it is likely, since he was living here as an old man and his wife died here. Archibald Leech enlisted at Hannastown, Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania, in the spring of 1776, and served as a private in Captain Joseph’s Irwin’s Company in a Pennsylvania Regiment commanded at various times by Colonels Miles, Brodhead, and Walter Stewart. He was honorably discharged by Colonel Walter Stewart at Valley Forge in January 1778. He first marched from Hannastown to Marcus Hook, and fought in the battles of Long Island, White Plain, Brandywine and Germantown, and in several skirmishes. On 18 December 1820, Archibald Leech was a resident of Allegheny Township, Armstrong County. He appeared in court there to request a pension for his Revolutionary service. At that time, he stated that his wife had been dead “upwards of one year”. On oath, he says he is a farmer, that he rents a small farm of about five acres of cleared land with a small cabin house. He states: “My family consists of a niece of about 21 or 22 years of age called Susanna Hindman, whom I raised from the time she was two weeks old her mother dying at this time”. He says he has no other family whatsoever. His assets were listed as one house, valued at $30.00, and three sheep, valued at three dollars each.
Source: Archibald Leech, Revolutionary Pension file # S 40.935
LEONARD, Patrick
LEONARD, Patrick. 1747 – 1811. Buried at Cowansville Union in East Franklin Township.
LEMON, John
Revolutionary War Pension File #S40080. Maryland, Pennsylvania, Maryland Sea Service.
28 October 1822, John LEMON personally appeared before Judge Robert ORR, Armstrong County, Pennsylvania, to make application for a pension for Revolutionary Service.
John LEMON enlisted at Baltimore, Maryland, September 1775, and served until July 1776 as a Private and Sergeant in Captain Nathaniel SMITH’s Maryland Company. He enlisted at Cumberland County, Pennsylvania, September 1776, and served three months in Captain Andrew HOME’s Pennsylvania Company. He enlisted December 1777 and served until summer 1779, as superintendent of the Continental Brick Yard at Carlisle, Pennsylvania, under Captain Samuel SERJEANT. He entered service at Baltimore, Maryland in the fall of 1779 until June 1780 as a seaman on the ship “Fanny”, Captain John LOXLEY. They captured British ships “Three Brothers” and “Crown”. He enlisted at Baltimore, Maryland in the fall of 1780 and served under Captain HUNTER until the surrender of CORNWALLIS, and he manned a battery of Artillery at Fells Point. He was allowed pension on his application made 28 October 1822 while a resident of Armstrong County, Pennsylvania, then aged 77 years.
Note: I have no information at this time as to where he died or is buried but given his age it is very possible he is buried in Armstrong.
LENNINGTON, Timothy
Revolutionary Pension File #S9749. Armstrong County, Pennsylvania, 4 July 1820. Timothy LENNINGTON,, a disabled pensioner, appeared before a Justice of the Peace for Armstrong County, and on oath declared he was the same person who formerly belonged to the Company commanded by Captain TAGART of the Second Battalion in a Regiment commanded by Colonel James MURREY of the Northumberland, Pennsylvania Militia. In 1777 he received 16 principal wounds and his name was placed on the pension list in 1778 by order of a committee appointed for that purpose in Northumberland County. He moved from Northumberland to Cumberland County about 1782, then to Allegheny County about 1787, and from there to Armstrong County in 1796, where he now resides. Signed: Timothy Lennonton.
Census notes:
1790, Pitt Township, Allegheny Township, Timothy LINETON
1800, Buffalo Township, Armstrong County, Timothy LENINTON
1810, Buffalo Township, Armstrong County, Timothy LENNINGTON
The portion of Buffalo Township where Lennington lived became East Franklin Township. I have no proof of where he is buried. He died 10 June 1823, a resident of Armstrong County, per his will.
LEWIS, Ezekiel
LEWIS, Ezekiel. Buried at Cowansville Union in East Franklin Township.
Ezekiel Lewis was part of an expedition called Lochry’s Disaster. Robert Orr, later a judge in Kittanning, was a Captain from Hannastown who raised and equipped a small company of riflemen that was also involved in this disaster. There has been a lot written about the destruction of this detachment of Lochry’s. I suggest Old Westmoreland: A History of Western Pennsylvania During The Revolution by Edgar W. Hassler. You can probably also find a lot by Googling “Lochry’s Disaster” or a variation of that.
Source: Revoltionary Pension File #S4533. Before the Court in Kittanning, Armstrong County, Ezekiel Lewis testified to the folowing:
That he was born in Schannadore (Shannadoah?) County, Virginia, in the year 1755.
That this record was kept in his grandfather’s bible in said county. The bible went to his grandfather’s son Morici Lewis, who is since dead.
He states he lived in Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania, when he volunteered for the Revolution, that he lived there nine years and since that time he has lived in Sugarcreek Township, Armstrong County.
He served under Colonel Archibald Lochry and William Campbell, Captain of Lighthorse, joining 1 August 1781. On 24 August 1781, he was “taken by the Indians on their way from Sugarcreek in Westmoreland County in this state to the mouth of the Big Myami.” He was kept prisoner until July 1782, at Prison Island on the River St. Lawrence. He states that “I was not joined with any Continental Company as before stated unless Captain Thomas Stokely’s Company, but I know that Col Lochry was under General Clark when we were to meet at Wheeling, Virginia, who had left Wheeling when we arrived there, who left directions for us to follow him down the Ohio River, which we were doing accordingly when taken by the Indians.” He also mentions that his Captain was killed by the Indians.
LONG, John
LONG, John. Buried in the Presbyterian Cemetery in Plumcreek Township.
LOUGHREY, William.
I do not know at this time where he is buried. In the 1840 Federal Census for Revolutionary or Military Pensioners, there is listed MARGARET LOUGHREY, aged 69, resident of Buffalo Township, Armstrong County, Pennsylvania. Below is the information from her pension application.
LOUGHREY, William & Margaret, Revolutionary Pension File #R6185.
16 September 1839, before the Court in Kittanning, Margaret LOUGHREY of Buffalo Township, widow of William, applies for a pension. Margaret declares that her late husband, William LOUGHREY, entered the service at a place called Paxton, then in Lancaster County, Pennsylvania, as an Ensign with a commission from General Washington. He was in the Battle of Brandywine. His commission and discharge, signed by General George Washington, were in her possession for many years after his death and were destroyed by her little grandchildren. Her maiden name was Margaret GALBREATH and she married William LOUGHREY on 8 August 1790 or 1791 at her the house of her brother Robert GALBREATH, then in Westmoreland County but in the part that became Indiana County, Pennsylvania. Robert GALBREATH was dead by 1839, when this testimony was given. William LOUGHREY died October 1806 and she did not remarry. James LOUGHREY, son of William and Margaret, born 1792, testified he had seen his late father’s commission as an Ensign signed by General George Washington, and his discharge, also signed by Washington, and that these papers were put in the care of his brother William LOUGHREY and are now destroyed. William LOUGHREY testified he had seen his father William’s commission and discharge, signed by General George Washington, Commander in Chief, and that his mother had given them to him and, supposing them to be of no value, gave them to his children as a plaything and they were destroyed.
Margaret Galbreath LOUGHREY died sometime in 1850 and in September 1851 her son James applied before Justice of the Peace Arthur Kiskadden, in Armstrong County, for the pension due her. It says she lived in the part of Buffalo Township, Armstrong County that became part of Clarion County and that her pension was denied by the US but that she was granted one from the state of Pennsylvania.
LOWRY, Alexander
Alexander Lowry, Armstrong County, Pennsylvania. Revolutionary War pension, 40 dollars.
Source: Laws of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, 1837. Session Laws. Google Books.
MAXWELL, Adam
MAXWELL, Adam. S5064, PA Line. Maxwell was born in 1752 in Cumberland County, PA. and he lived in Westmoreland County, PA. when he enlisted. He lived there after the Revolutionary War then moved to Armstrong County, PA. where he applied for pension on 19 Sept. 1832. Maxwell’s widow Elizabeth Maxwell received final payment on 8 May 1838 and was paid to 17 May 1837, the day Adam Maxwell died. (Source: “Revolutionary War Pension Files”)
McCONELL, William
William McConell from Plumcreek Township, died on 28 Sept 1834 at the age of 81. The deceased was a Revolutionary War Soldier.
Source: Newspaper obituary, 1 October 1834.
William McCONNELL. Revolutionary Pension file. William McCONNELL, aged 63, of Redbank Township, Armstrong County, Pennsylvania, made oath on 30 September 1818 to Judge Robert ORR. He stated he enlisted 14 November 1775 in Lancaster County, Pennsylvania, serving one year under Anthony WAYNE. They marched to Saratoga, New York, where McCONNELL was left due to ill health. There he enlisted again in the First Regiment of New York, serving 6 years and 6 months. He appeared before the Court in Kittanning again on 18 September 1820. He was allowed pension on the 1818 claim. His wife was named Martha.
19 December 1827. Re William McCONNELL. Washington Bounty Land Office to Honorable Robert ORR. They find Land Warrant #7506 issued to Sam BROWNE, assignee for William McCONNELL, 11 November 1791. Signed: Robert TAYLOR
McCONNELL, William. Private.
Sums Received: $1433.29
Description of Service: New York Continental Line
Placed on Pension Rolls: 8 May 1819
Commencement of Pensio: 30 September 1818
McCOY, Daniel
McCOY, Mr. (possibly Daniel). His wife’s name was Deborah and she died on 22 Oct. 1829. (Source: “Early Deaths & Marriages” compiled by C. Mateer.)
Revolutionary War Pension File #S40985. Daniel McCOY.
Daniel McCOY was a private in Colonel Miles Pennsylvania Regiment and was inscribed on the Roll of Pennsylvania at the rate of eight (8) dollars per month, to commence 8 June 1818, after he appeared before the Court in Kittanning to apply for a pension on that same date. On 27 June 1820, Daniel McCOY, aged 67, appeared before the Court in Indiana County, Pennsylvania, to apply for a pension under an Act of Congress of 18 March 1818, and an Act of Congress of 1 May 1820. He was said to then be a resident of that county. He states his wife Deborah is aged 65.
Daniel McCOY was allowed pension on his 1818 application, made while a resident of Armstrong County, and he was sent the arrears. He was a weaver by trade but unable to work. Daniel and Deborah McCOY were living in Indiana County, Pennsylvania, in 1820, and Daniel died 30 January 1821. It says he died ‘place unknown’ on one page but there is a letter written on 10 April 1851, from Alexander Taylor of Pittsburgh, on behalf of the heirs who claim he died in Armstrong County about 1828. A Certificate of Pension issued 10 July 1820 for Daniel McCOY was sent to James M. Kelly, Agent, Indiana County, Pennsylvania.
As the heirs made inquiry to the pension 30 years after Daniel’s death, it is possible they are mistaken about where he died, although he could have returned to Armstrong County and died while there. More research is needed. Indiana County Historical Society could be checked to see if he is on their list of Soldier Burials. It appears to me that he did die in 1821, not 1828. Connie Mateer’s excellent source has Deborah dying in Armstrong County in 1829, so it is a real possibility they didn’t stay in Indiana County and returned here. Does anyone know for certain?
McDONALD, Joseph
McDONALD, Joseph. 1760 – 1844. Resided in Franklin Township. Served at the end of the Revolution. (Source: “Early Deaths & Marriages. pg. 84.)
McKEE, Andrew
McKEE, Andrew. Buried at Cowansville Union First in East Franklin Township. There is an Armstrong County applicant for an annuity from the state as a veteran of the Revolutionary War named Mary McKee. Mary M’Kee of Armstrong County was granted an Annuity and a Gratuity, both for 40 dollars, on 17 March 1835. Source: Pennsylvania General Assembly, House of Representatives, Volume 48, part 2, page 226. Date:1838. Pensioners of Armstrong County.
McMASTER, James
Revolutionary Pension File #S7189. On 6 January 1834, James McMASTER, 83 years old of Clarion Township, Armstrong County, appeared before the court in Kittanning to apply for a pension. He declared that he volunteered in 1776 as a private under Captain Nicholas BEDDINGER and Colonel Henry SLAGLE, while at the home of Henry DARRAGH near Abbotstown, York County, Pennsylvania. Some of the other privates were John MULLEN, Alexander ADAMS, Thomas ABBOT and George KUHN. McMASTER later made Ensign and in 1781 was made Lieutenant. He was born in Lancaster County, Pennsylvania in 1750 and lived near Abbotstown, York County when called into service. He moved to Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania in 1793, and to Armstrong County in 1804 or 1806, where he was living in 1834.
Note: James McMaster’s place of burial is unknown at this time. Clarion Township, Armstrong County became part of Clarion County in 1839.
M’MASTER, James, Private
Annual Allowance: 20.00
Sums Received: ….
Description of Service: Pennsylvania State Troops
Commencement of Pension: 4 March 1831 Age: 83
Comments: No report of payment made.
Note: He was placed on the pension rolls but never received payment so it’s possible he died shortly after making application. Does anyone have more information?
MOORE, William
William MOORE was a scout in Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania during the Revolutionary and Indian Wars, and was an early settler in Plumcreek Township, Armstrong County. The article mentions that his grandson, John MOORE, had his discharge and other papers. “I do certify that William MOORE did belong to My Company and has proved to me that he is forty-five and is now honorably discharged. Given under my hand this 19th day of May 1798. James IRWINE, Captain”
William MOORE settled a mile and a quarter southwest of Whitesburg [Plumcreek Township, Armstrong County], about 1816, and died 7 December 1827.
Source: History of Armstrong County, Pennsylvania by Robert Walter Smith, 1883, ages 205-206
MURPHY, Samuel
MURPHY, Samuel. 1757 – 1851. Buried at Murphy’s Bottom in Buffalo Township. Pension claim # 22413. Samuel Murphy was born 12 May 1758 in Frederick Coounty, Virginia. The names of his parents were not given. While residing on Jacobs Creek in what was then Bedford County, he enlisted in Westmoreland County in the year 1775 in Capt. John Stevenson’s company, marched to Winchester, Virginia, to Williamsburg and then to Suffolk where he joined Col. Peter Muhlenberg’s 8th Virginia Regiment and went to Charleston, South Carolina and was there the day that “Independence” was declared, length of service one year. He enlisted in 1777 and marched in Capt. Robert Bell’s company to Fort Pitt, and there joined Col. John Gibson’s 13th Virginia regiment and was in the battle of Portsmouth, length of service three years. He enlisted in 1781 and served in Capt. Benjamin Field’s company in Gen. Clark’s (?) expedition to the Falls of the Ohio. On 13 Sept. 1781 he was wounded in the left hip and captured by the Indians, carried to Detroit and in November, 1781, was sold to the British and carried to Prisoners Island, from where he escaped on 11 Jul. 1782. He served in 1792 under Capt. Guthery six months in the “State Service”: in 1793, 6 months as lieutenant in Captain Patterson’s company against the Indians; in 1794, 6 months under Capt. Denny; and in 1795 6 months as lieutenant under Capt Buckaner (?)
Samuel Murphy was allowed pension on account of his service , on his application executed 18 Sept. 1832, then living in Armstrong County, Pennsylvania.
NEIL, Robert
NEIL, Robert. Residing in Armstrong County in 1814. (Source: Penna. Archives, 2nd Series, Vol. XIII, pg. 69)
NELSON, Robert
NELSON, Robert. Died in 1826. Resided in Sugarcreek Township.
NOLDER, John
John Nolder died in 1823 in Plumcreek Township. Was a member of the Lighthorse, Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania.
ORR, Robert
Robert Orr, buried in Kittanning Cemetery, Rayburn Township.
Robert ORR. Revolutionary Pension File #S4631. On 21 September 1832, Robert ORR, aged 87, appeared before the Court in Kittanning to apply for a pension. He stated that he entered the service under Colonel Archibald LOCHREY with Captains Thomas STOKELY, William CAMPBELL and himself. About the 1st of June 1781, Robert ORR raised and commanded a company at his own expense. They marched down the Ohio and were attacked by Indians on 24 August 1781, with half the men killed, including Colonel LOCHREY, and the other half taken prisoner. Robert ORR was taken to a hospital in Detroit with a broken arm, where he stayed until the next spring. He was then sent to jail in Montreal, then to Quebec, and eventually exchanged at New York. He returned home to Hannah’s Town, Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania in May 1783, only to find it had been burned by the Indians during his absence. He said he was born in the Parish of McCaskey, County Derry, Ireland. He lived at Hannah’s Town but moved to Armstrong County in 1792. He was an Associate Judge of the Court of Common Pleas for Armstrong County. He died 4 September 1833.
PARKER, Charles
On a list of pensioners of the Eighth Pennsylvania, Continental Line is the name Charles PARKER, Private, 1776 – 1779. Living in Armstrong County, Pennsylvania in 1818.
Published Pennsylvania Archives, Fifth Series, Volume IV, page 502:
Armstrong County, Pennsylvania. CHARLES PARKER testifies he was in Eighth Pennsylvania Regiment, served three years, was in the Battles of Brandywine and Germantown, was afterwards discharged. His discharge was burned with other property at Col. HUGHE’S iron works near Hagerstown where he (Charles Parker) was making coal. He is seventy-nine years of age.
Did he die in Armstrong County? Does anybody have more information
PONTIUS, John
John PONTIUS, buried Glade Run Presbyterian, Wayne Township.
Source: Newspaper article “Revolutionary Veterans Buried in Armstrong County”. Leader-Times, Kittanning. Thursday, 25 May 197_. (The last number is worn.)
RAYBURN, James
Rayburn, James. The 1840 census of Pensioners for Revolutionary and Military Service lists Eleanor Rayburn, aged 72, living in Buffalo Towship. Head of household is James Rayburn, no doubt her son.
Armstrong County, Pennsylvania Courthouse Records, Will Abstracts:
RAYBURN, James of Buffalo Township, Armstrong County. Mentions his eldest son James and his heirs and assigns; his youngest son Matthew and his heirs and assigns; his daughter Mary BRANDON?; his son Callen; his beloved wife Elenor; his grandson Samuel RAYBURN, under age 21. Signed 1 June 1837. Witnesses: John REDICK and Samuel REDICK.
Registered 20 February 1838, Will Book 1, page 193.
Writing about James RAYBURN, son of Boyd: Mr. RAYBURN’S first ancestor in this country was his great-great grandfather, who came from Scotland a few years after the French & Indian War. He settled in the Ligonier Valley in Western Pennsylvania. We have record of two of his sons, Matthew and James, the former of whom served in the Colonial Army during the Revolutionary War. James, the youngest, was the great grandfather of Squire James RAYBURN. He married Nellie CALLEN, daughter of Patrick CALLEN, who came to Armstrong County at the same time as James RAYBURN.
This was taken from a larger write-up on page 374 in Armstrong County, Pennsylvania, Her People, Past & Present, J. H. Beers & Co., Chicago, 1914.
James & Eleanor (Nellie) Rayburn lived in Buffalo Township, where she received a pension. They are buried in the Slate Like United Presbyterian Cemetery. The same Beer’s History mentioned above has a listing of Revolutionary Pensioners in Armstrong County. It says they applied for an annuity from the State between 1812 and 1844, as veterans of the wars or widows of veterans. Eleanor Rayburn is listed here, on page 65.
Volume 48, part 1. Monday, 26 February 1838: Mr Johnston presented the petition and documents of Eleanor Reyburn, of Armstrong County, stating the services of her late husband, James Reyburn, in the Revolutionary War, and praying for relief.
The same day, Mr Johnston also presented the petition and documents of Hugh Callen, of Armstrong County, stating his services in the Revolutionary War, and praying for relief.
RUPERT, Charles
Charles RUPERT, buried in the Rupert Cemetery, South Buffalo Township.
Note: There is a Rupert Cemetery in South Bend Township. I really think South Buffalo was a mistake.
RUPERT, Johann Peter
Johann Peter Rupert was baptized 30 March 1755 in Northampton County, Pennsylvania (DAR records). Died 1 November 1824. Buried in the Rupert Cemetery in South Bend Township, Armstrong County. Served as a Corporal in Northampton County. Sources: DAR records and Find A Grave. Photo from Find A Grave:
Informatiom from Doris Klingensmith Ohler: John Peter Rupert Jr. (“German” Pete) was born 7 Jan 1750 in Northampton County, Pennsylvania. He died 1 Nov 1824 and is buried in the Rupert Cemetery in South Bend Township, Armstrong County (no marker) (He has a marker now. DKM). He was an Corporal with the Associators & Militia during war and served as follows: 4th Company, 3rd Battalion, under Capt. John Horner, 1778. 5th Company, 3 Battalion, under Capt. Conrad Reader, & 6th Company, Colonel Henry Geiger’s Battalion, Capt. Adam Diehl 1780 – 82. PA Archives, Fifth Series, Vol. 8 pages 449,459,510 & 235 ** He was with Anthony Schaeffer, who also came to Armstrong County, when serving under Capt. Conrad Reader & Col. Henry Geiger
SCHAEFFER, Anthony
Anthony SCHAEFFER, buried in the old Schaeffer Cemetery, Burrell Township.
SCHAEFFER, Peter
Peter Schaeffer, buried in a private cemetery in Gilpin Township.
“Along Schenley Road in Gilpin Township you come to Schaeffer’s Cemetery in which there is a flagpole, erected through the efforts of Robert S. THOMPSON. On a weather-beaten headstone you read the name of Peter SCHAEFFER. He was a private in Captain Peter MUHLENBERG’s Company of Lehigh County Militia in the Revolutionary War.”
Source: A Century of Historical Progress of Leechburg, Pennsylvania from 1850 to 1950.
Many years ago, some of us located an old burial ground on this road. There were sunken graves and a rose bush growing, but we never found a tombstone. K. Marcinek
SCHALL, Michael Sr.
In 1934, Michael Schall’s descendants put up a plaque on his former farm in Cochran’s Mills, Burrell Township.
It said that in 1780 he was a Sergeant in Captain Santee’s Company, 2nd Battallion
In 1783, he was a Lieutenant of the 6th Battalion, Northampton County Militia.
Born 1739. Died 1830.
SERFAS, John
John Serfas, buried in the old Schaeffer Cemetery, Burrell Township.
Update: John Serfas, buried in the old Schaeffer Cemetery, Burrell Township.
Descendants say this is John Henry Serfoos/Zerfoos/Serfas (and a lot of other spellings) and census and other records back it up. The Henry Serfas that appears in various records is actually John Henry Serfas, a veteran of the Revolutionary War buried in the old Schaeffer Cemetery in Burrell Township. On the ACGC Facebook group, a member said her ancestor was named John Henry Zerfoss and he died about 1831. Estate papers confirm a death date of 1831 or early 1832. The DAR has a death date of 1855 for the soldier John Serfas but that is not correct. He lived in the Brick Church area of Burrell Township and it now appears that there was only one soldier, John Henry Zerfas. John Serfas has a Revolutionary tombstone which reads : Byles Company 3 Pennsylvania Regiment. John Zerfosz was listed on a Kittanning Township tax in 1835. This is the son of John Henry Serfas.
I found a John Serfas and a Henry Serfas in Northampton County, Pennsylvania. Both served in the Revolutionary War, along with others of that surname. John Serfas served in the Northampton County Militia. There is a Henry Serfas listed as being in the 4th Company, Captain And’w Dapper. Lieutenant Henry Serfas also served a tour of duty in Northampton County and is listed on the payrolls of the Northampton County Militia. The early federal census shows both John and Henry as residents of Northampton County, along with George Helfferich. George Helfferich later became a neighbor of Henry’s in Burrell Township, Armstrong County. George is buried in the Old Schaeffer Cemetery also. Sources: Revolutionary War Military Abstract Card File, ARIAS, Pennsylvania’s Digital State Archives and Federal Census records.
SHIELDS, David
Revolutionary War Pension File #S22989. 10 October 1833, David SHIELDS, aged 68 years, resident of Red Bank Township, Armstrong County, Pennsylvania, appeared before the Court in Kittanning to apply for a pension. He was born 19 July 1764 in Cumberland County, Pennsylvania, and he cites the source as the family bible. He entered the War of the Revolution as a militia man under his father, Captain John SHIELDS, at Fort Shields, Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania, March 1780. He lived in Westmoreland County when called into service, and now in Red Bank Township, Armstrong County. He served under General Charles CAMPBELL, Major John GUTHRIE, and Captains SHIELDS, MOORE, and HUNTER. He was commissioned a Lieutenant on 1 May 1789, in the 8th Pennsylvania Company of Foot, Battalion of Westmoreland County Militia.
I have no record of when he died or where he is buried. KLM
John Shields was granted a Gratuity of 40 dollars and an Annuity of 40 dollars on 1 April 1836. He was at that time a residence of Armstrong County. Source: Pennsylvania General Assembly, House of Representatives, Volume 48, part 2, page 226. Date:1838. Pensioners of Armstrong County, Pennsylvania
SLOAN, James
James Sloan died 1821 in Armstrong County. Source: Penna. Archives, 2nd Series, Vol. XIII, pg. 210. Elizabeth Sloan, widow of James, is listed as an Armstrong County applicant for annuitities from the state a Revolutionary War veteran.
SLOAN, Robert
Martha Sloan, widow of Robert Sloan, is listed in the 1840 census, Plumcreek Township, Armstrong County, Pennsylvania, under Pensioners for Revolutionary or military service. Although the census doesn’t prove service, direct descendants believe him to have served in the Revolution, given his approximate birth date. Robert Sloan is listed in a 1798 tax list for Allegheny Township, Westmoreland County, an area which in 1800 became the southern portion of Armstrong County. More research is needed here.
Will Abstract, Armstrong County, Pennsylvania
SLOAN, Martha of Plumcreek Township, Armstrong County, Pennsylvania
Mentions daughters Mary McCUNE, Nancy NOLDER, Martha MOOR, Rachel ELGIN, and Jane GRAHAM. Sons Samuel SLOAN and James SLOAN “in case son James SLOAN is yet living or having died and left children” and “in case he is dead and left no heirs or may never return”. Grandson Robert NOLDER. Son Robert SLOAN is deceased. Appoints Daniel ELGIN and James MOOR executors. Written 6 January 1836. Witnesses: William COULTER and William LYTLE.
30 November 1840: All real estate to son Samuel “if he survives me”. Revocation of the executors appointed. Appointed in their stead: William McINTOSH and Samuel COULTER.
Registered 8 March 1840 (sic). Will Book 1, page 244
SMITH, John
Private John Smith, Captain Robb’s Company. 1776. 1 January 1778. Resided in Armstrong County in 1826, aged 77 years. Source: “Pennsylvania in the war of the revolution, battalions and line. 1775-1783”
Author: Linn, John Blair, 1831-1899; Egle, William Henry, 1830-1901; McClellan, Joseph, 1747-1834
Publisher: Harrisburg : L.S. Hart, State Printer
https://archive.org/details/pennsylvaniainwa01linniala
Revolutionary and Military pensioners. 1840 Census, Armstrong County, Pennsylvania
PLUMCREEK TOWNSHIP:
DAVIS, Henry, aged 73
SMITH, Sarah, aged 67
McCAINE, James, aged 64
SLONE, Martha, aged 77
The Sarah Smith getting a pension in 1840 is possibly the widow of John but as of now I have no proof of that. She is much younger but that isn’t unusual.
Listed as an Armstrong County Applicant for an annuity from the state as a Revolutionary War veteran is Church SMITH. Church Smith was granted an Annuity and a Gratuity of 40 dollars on 27 March 1837, for his service in the Indian War. Source: Pennsylvania General Assembly, House of Representatives, Volume 48, part 2, page 226. Date:1838. Pensioners of Armstrong County, Pennsylvania. Also on this list as serving in the Indian War is Henry Davis, Daniel Davis, and John Hawk. Church Smith applied for a pension as a Revolutionary soldier but so far all I can find is his acceptance as a soldier of the Indian War.
STEELE, Isaac
Isaac STEELE, Sr., born about 1754, died 24 October 1842 at Sugarcreek Township. Buried in Sugarcreek Township.
Obituary, The Armstrong Democrat & Farmers & Mechanics Advertiser, Thursday, 10 November 1842. Published at Kittanning, Pennsylvania. See Obituaries
1840 Federal Census, veteran’s list.
STITT, William
William Stitt, 1755 – 1834, buried at Truby Farm in Gilpin Township. Source: ACGC Quarterly
STUYVESANDTT, Tobias
Tobias Stuyvesandtt, 1759 – 1841. Buried at Christ-Rupp Church in Kittanning Township. Source: Family Tradition, Peg Krecota.
TOWNSEND, Isaac
Isaac TOWNSEND born 27 Dec 1760, supposedly in Virginia. He came to area after given land for services rendered from serving during the American Revolution. Isaac married Rachel Regina KING, daughter of Mathias KING. In 1790 they lived in Mount Pleasant, Westmoreland County. The 1800, 1810, 1820 & 1830 Census, Isaac and his family were living in Allegheny Township, Armstrong County.
Isaac died 02 NOV 1837 and was buried in what is known as the Hine Cemetery, Bell Township, Westmoreland County. This cemetery rests on the hill overlooking the Borough of Avonmore. It appears this land was given for the use of a cemetery and Lutheran church. The church never came into existence, but many burials were made in the cemetery. Several prominent families of early Armstrong and Westmoreland Counties are buried here. Daniel ULAM, who also served during the Revolution is buried here.
The D. A. R. placed a plaque on the headstone of Isaac TOWNSEND.
Cutlope (Gottlieb) Hancock, Revolutionary soldier from New Jersey, had a ferry across the Kiskiminetas River in the general vicinity of Edmon, Armstrong County. I have a map showing it. He sold land to Isaac Townsend. I’m almost certain Cutlope is buried in the Maysville Cemetery, the one on the hill. A number of Mathias King’s daughters and their husbands served as baptismal sponsors for Cutlope’s children, including Isaac Townsend and his wife.
TRUBY, Michael
Michael Truby, 1762 – 1842. Buried in Old Kittanning Cemetery in Rayburn Township, Armstrong County.
VASEY, John
John Vasey is residing in Armstrong County in 1821. Source: Penna. Archives, 2nd Series Vol. XIII, pg. 232.
VINICKEY, Joseph
Joseph VINICKEY, buried in the Mt. Zion Cemetery, South Buffalo Township.
Source: Newspaper article “Revolutionary Veterans Buried in Armstrong County”. Leader-Times, Kittanning. Thursday, 25 May 197_. (The last number is worn. I think South Buffalo is an error. Another source has Vinikey, Joseph buried at Mt. Zion Cemetery in South Bend Township.)
Vinikey, see Vinickey
WAGLE, see WEIGLEY, Isaac
WALTENBAUGH, John Adam
Pay Roll of Captain James Leech’s Company of Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania Militia in 1778 & 1779. Pennsylvania Archives, 6th Series, Volume II, page 325. Reinhart, Peter, Adam and Teter Waltingbuf.
Pennsylvania Archives, 3rd Series, Volume 23, page 328. James Leech’s Company. Reinhart, Adam & Teter Waltingbuf.
Muster Rolls of the Navy & Line, Militia & Rangers 1775-1783. With lists of pensioners 1818-1832. Edited by William Henry Egle, M D. Ray, State Printer of Pennsylvania 1898. Rangers on the Frontiers: Reinhart, Adam & Teter Waltinbuf.
John Adam Waltenbaugh is buried in the Christ Rupp Lutheran Churchyard with his wife Rosina.
Adam & Teeter/Deiter/Teter/Dietrich Waltenbaugh can be found in the early census of Armstrong County. In 1820, John (Adam) & Deter Waltinbough are in Allegheny Township, Armstrong County, Pennsylvania. They are said to be brothers, sons of Reinhart Waltenbaugh.
WALTENBAUGH, Dietrich aka Teter aka Teeter aka Deter.
Pennsylvania Archives, 3rd Series, Volume 23, page 320. Christopher Truby’s Rangers on the Frontier. Reinhart & Tedor Waltenbaugh.
Adam & Teeter/Deiter/Teter/Dietrich Waltenbaugh can be found in the early census of Armstrong County. In 1820, John (Adam) & Deter Waltinbough are in Allegheny Township, Armstrong County, Pennsylvania.They are said to be brothers, sons of Reinhart Waltenbaugh. Dietrich’s wife was named Margaretha. Source: Baptismal record for their daughter Elisabetha, 1784. Baptized by Reverend Johan Wilhelm Weber.
WEIGLEY, Isaac
Revolutionary War Pension File #R11.285. WEIGLEY / WAGLE, Isaac.
18 November 1833, Isaac WEIGLEY appeared before the Court in Kittanning to apply for a pension. He was a resident of Plumcreek Township, Armstrong County, Pennsylvania. He was born April 1758 at Easton, Northampton County, Pennsylvania. He moved with his father to Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania in 1774, settling a few miles from the present town of Greensburg. He enlisted at Hannastown in 1775; he served four different tours. He married Mary C. on 9 May 1780, and they moved to Armstrong County in 1806. Isaac WEIGLEY died 8 October 1835 in Armstrong County. Mary C. WEIGLEY died 27 January 1824. A son, Isaac WEIGLEY, Jr., was 58 years old in November 1852 and a resident of Armstrong County.
WICK, Elisha
Elisha WICK, buried in the Presbyterian Cemetery, East Franklin Township.
WILSON, James
James Wilson is buried in the Presbyterian Cemetery in East Franklin Township.
WOLF, Jacob
Jacob Wolf, 1752 – 1838 is buried in Sugarcreek Township. Source: “Early Deaths & Marriages”, pg. 56, compiled by Connie Mateer. Penna. Archives, 2nd Series. Vol. XIII, pg. 245
Jacob WOLF. Revolutionary Pension File #S24023. 19 March 1833, Jacob Wolf of Sugarcreek Township, Armstrong County, appeared before the Court in Kittanning to apply for a pension. He stated: He entered service at Easton, Northampton County, Pennsylvania in March 1776, under Captain John SANTEE in the Flying Camp. He was born in Northampton County on 4 April 1753, as was recorded in his father’s bible which is in his possession. He lived in Northampton County until 1789 when he moved to Westmoreland County, and from there to present-day Armstrong County in 1794. Jonathan KING served with him.
YUNDT, Daniel
Daniel Yundt, 28 July 1748 – 2 June 1836. Buried at Christ Rupp Lutheran Cemetery in Kittanning Township. Yundt is one of the earlier spellings for the name we now know as Yount. Jundt is another variation.
Daniel Yundt
YUNGST, Peter
Revolutionary War Pension File #S8000.
16 December 1834. Peter YUNGST, aged 75 years on 6 May next, resident of Allegheny Township, Armstrong County, Pennsylvania. He appeared before the court in Kittanning to apply for a pension. He was living at Lebanon, Lancaster County, Pennsylvania, when he went into the service as a substitute for his father, Henry YUNGST. He was born in Germany near the River Rhine on 6 May 1760, and lived at Lebanon, Lancaster County when called into service. Sometime after the war he moved to Cumberland County where he lived 16 years and then moved to Allegheny County near Pittsburgh for about 9 years. He then moved to Armstrong County where he still resided in 1834. (He was still there in the 1840 census.)
1840 Federal Census, Pensioners for Revolution or Military Service
YUNGST, PETER, age 80, resident of Allegheny Township, Armstrong County, Pennsylvania
ZEARPHUS, Henry
Henry Zearphus was residing in Armstrong County in 1814. In service during 1776 – 1777. He was wounded and taken at Crooked Billet in 1778.
Orphans Court, Docket O. Armstrong County, Pennsylvania Courthouse.
19 June 1832. John Philip Shaeffer, Administrator of the estate of Henry Searfoos, deceased, presented his petition setting forth that Henry Searfoos died leaving six children: Christian, Mary, John, Balser, Peggy and George, all over 21 years of age. Land in Kittanning Township, 100 acres Warranted to William Stewart.
Update: Please see Serfas, John.
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44 Responses to Revolutionary War Veterans
John D Atkinson says:
Daniel Yundt is my 4X great grandfather on My Olinger side. Melvine(Umbaugh) Olinger my grandmother, William G. Olinger my Great Grandfather, Isaac Adam Olinger my 2x great grandfather, Adam Addison Olinger my 3x Great Grandfather married Anna Maria Yount the daughter of Daniel Yount(Yundt)
Dacia Reynolds Johnson says:
I am decended from George Reynolds who is buried in the old Reynolds cemetery outside of Kittanning. No marker. he came to fight with Braddock, he was Scottish. He was wounded during the massacure and given bounty land. I know he fought with Millitia against the French, English, and Indians but find no record of a pension. he died at Huntington PA in 1796. Does anyone remember hearing anything on him? I want to know where in Scotland and if there were family left there. Is there an historian someone knows of? His family were prominent in Kittanning after he died. David Reynolds was very well known.
Carole Curran says:
I am a descendant of Timothy Lennington, and have proven to the Daughters of the American Revolution, through his daughter Jane, who married John Titus. I believe that John Titus father, also John Titus, served the cause as well. After the Revolution, they settled on Glade Run, but I have been unable to prove the connection of John Titus Jr. to his father. Any help would be most appreciated.
Lynn Maynard says:
I am also descended from Timothy from his son Abraham.
I saw one genealogy chart that said Thomas was Timothy’s father, but so far I don’t have any documentation.
Heather Green says:
I am a descendent of Timothy Lennington. I am looking for confirmation that his son was named Isaac and his father was Thomas. Do you by chance has a record of his will which may state heirs, etc. Thank you.
Will of Timothy Lemington aka Lennington
Source: Pennsylvania, Probate Records, 1683-1994, Armstrong County, Will 1805-1873 Vol. 1 page 44-45 accessed 2/24/2015 https://familysearch.org/pal:/MM9.3.1/TH-1961-28780-13666-12?cc=1999196&wc=9PM6-RMQ:268497101,268535901
Citing this Record:Copy Citation
“Pennsylvania, Probate Records, 1683-1994,” images, FamilySearch (https://familysearch.org/pal:/MM9.3.1/TH-1961-28780-13666-12?cc=1999196&wc=9PM6-RMQ:268497101,268535901 : accessed 24 February 2015), Armstrong > Wills 1805-1873 vol 1-2 > image 30 of 597; county courthouses, Pennsylvania.
Wendy Totos says:
Daniel Yundt is a direct relative of mine on my paternal mother’s side. A several times grandfather. I have traced him and further back many generations
Kathy Kelly (not in Westmoreland) says:
Barring a few strays, did you know that every Kelly that was evicted or left voluntarily from Ireland to come to colonial America went to Westmoreland County, PA? And that half of them were named James? Well, anyway, that’s how it feels.
For instance, the 1790 census has a James Jr and James Sr in Armstrong Township, Salem Township and Rostraver Township. Rostraver James are not there in 1800. Maybe its a border thing and they are the two James in South Huntingdon? Oh, look, one James is back in Rostraver in 1810. My self-appointed task is to sort these Kellys out. I have made some good progress. Alexander in Bethel, Armstrong is brother to James Sr. in Salem Township who died 1804 (not 1803 like the one in Armstrong Township). Rodger and John in Derry seem like interesting fellows that no one ever talks about. And Samuel. Everyone talks about Samuel in Armstrong. What I need are some good maps that show the border changes of the counties and townships in this area during their formations. Can anyone help with this?
There was a Church Smith of Armstrong County who received a pension for service in the Indian Wars. This was the period immediately following the Revolutionary War.
Daniel e smith says:
I am a descendent of church smith. His name is only mentioned once here and it’s only for his Sarah who received a war pension for his service. I’m disappointed there is no further info on this man. If anyone knows anything at all I am more than happy to talk. We believe he is from Ireland but it’s not conclusive. Would love to continue my personal line :/.
Information on Church Smith has been hard to find but I’m not done searching.
J Eich says:
The grave marker of John Wiles, who died in 1832, states
1st Brigade 2nd Division
Oak Grove Cemetery
Frogtown, Armstrong, PA
http://www.findagrave.com
Rob Watt says:
Christopher Oury was with the 8th PA Regiment at Fort Pitt under Captain Nehemia Stokely. He is listed there as Ourry along with Francis Raupp (Franz Rupp) both early settlers of Kittanning Twp. Christopher Oury’s farm is where Rupp Church Stands today. He kept a tavern along the Kittanning Path today rt 422.
Tom Altman says:
Christopher Oury, 8th PA Regiment is my first cousin five times removed.
Carroll says:
Henry Zearphus was residing in Armstrong Co. in 1814. In service during 1776 – 1777. He was wounded and taken at Croaked Billet in 1778. (This is more likely ‘Crooked Billet’.)r
Are these two men the same? Is one the father of Catherine Zerfass born 1775 married to John Philip Schaeffer (Rev War)? Where is Henry Zearphus (Rev War) buried in Armstrong County ? I am unable to locate.
Thank you, Carroll
Unable to get posted
Fred Brient says:
The grave marker in the old Schaeffer cemetery is for John Henry Serfas/Zerfoss who was reportedly born in 1758 and died in 1831. I can prove his death date as to the year at least. He is the Rev. War veteran. He is almost always referred to as Henry as in his estate papers. His son John, never referred to as Henry as far as I can determine has no reported grave marker although I have seen his death date recorded as 1855 with no source. I believe he is also buried in the same cemetery. Many researchers are confusing father and son with some using a birth date of 1758 and a date of death of 1855? Not likely! I would love to know where some are getting the 1855 death date, I do not dispute it’s accuracy but would like to have some proof. Henry is the father of Catherine and John Zerfoss is Catherine’s brother. Catherine Elizabeth Zerfoss married John Phillip Schaeffer. John Phillip Schaeffer was not a Rev War veteran but his father Anthony was I believe. Check Armstrong County Genealogy Club Spring Quarterly 2003 for proof of Henry and son John as well as the estate file in Armstrong County. File No. 280, Henry Zerfoss, Docket 1, Page 80. I hope this helps. If no longer conveniently available I have an entire copy I will share. If you have access to Ancestry.com check my tree titled brientorion.
Carroll Wilson says:
Would you be able to give me a copy/scan of the Quarterly 2003? I cannot access Ancestry or find a copy of the quarterly. I do appreciate the info you posted. Thank you.
I wondered myself if John and Henry were one and the same.
On the ACGC Facebook group, a member said her ancestor was named John Henry Zerfoss and he died about 1831. He lived in the Brick Church area so it is possible that there was only one soldier, John Henry Zerfoss. John Serfas has a Revolutionary tombstone which reads : Byles Company 3 Pennsylvania Regiment. John Zerfosz was listed on a Kittanning Township tax list as a farmer in the year 1835. On Easter Day, 31 March 1839, Elisabeth Zerfoss, aged 20, and Mary Zerfoss, aged 19, were confirmed at St. Michael’s Lutheran, Brick Church, Burrell Township, Armstrong County, PA.
Charles Calhoun says:
Correction to my previous comment — James Calhoun wounded and taken prisoner at the Battle of Crooked Billet in May 1778, not 1788.
Paul Treacy says:
James Calhoun, b. 1775, Crrigans, County Donegal, Ireland, d. ca. 1822, Pine Twp., now Boggs Twp., Armstrong County PA, was a Lieutenant under Captain John Caldwell and L. Col. James Taylor of the 6th Bat. Lancaster Co., PA, Militia, 1781, 1782. He was wounded during his time of service. His farm is still in family hands. OPver eith generations of this family have resided on these lands. Over 200 years of recorded history.
This James Calhoun was born 1745 or 1747, possibly in Carrigans, immigrated from Letterkenny, County Donegal, to Lancaster County (near present day Mercersburg, Franklin County PA). His military service was as a private in Cumberland County militia (with unit from same present day Franklin county location) under Robert McCoy, wounded and taken prisoner at the Battle of Crooked Billet (near Hatboro PA) in May 1788. This information is documented in research for the DAR by Fendrick and by published acts of PA legislature granting James Calhoun and Isaac Wiley old-age annuities for their service. Web search on James Calhoun will produce these documents.
Mr Treacy’s remarks on James Calhoun of Armstrong County are frequently cited, but appear to combine information with other James Calhoun personages from Lancaster County and should be carefully reviewed for accuracy.
Mr Treacy – I was trying to email you to request (or purchase) a copy of your book “The Colquhouns of Scottland, Colhouns of Ireland and the Calhouns and Colhouns of Americas” that is cited on the Find-A-Grave memorial for James Calhoun. My email is charles.a.calhoun@gmail.com. Your book is cited as including letters from Mary Abraham Walker Calhoun that would confirm James’ place of birth as Carrigans, Ireland, and information on his parentage. Thanks very much.
Mark K. Aulenbacher says:
Alexander Dunlap.
and Elizebth Jack.
looking for info on this family.
Kathy Marcinek says:
So many of us with old Armstrong County roots have been told we have Native American blood. DNA shows it is usually not true. I suggest you have a DNA test to prove or disprove it. Good luck!
Marie Reedy says:
I cannot add any more about the service of James McMaster but I would like to comment on John Mullen named in McMaster’s application for a pension. I’m descended from Mullen’s son Joshua who settled in Henderson, Henderson County, Kentucky by about 1820. Joshua ran a tavern there for many years. I have a letter written by Joshua inquiring about the land that was possibly due his father for his service during the Revolutionary War. John Mullen is listed as a private in military rosters. John Mullen was a shoe maker in Abbotstown and was married to Allice Abbott, descendant of John Abbott the founder of Abbotstown. There are 2 other children named in John’s will, eldest daughter Deborah and a son Ebenezer less than 14. Possibly someone can tell me what became of the children and where John Mullen and Allice were buried. Allice Abbott Mullen remarried a man named Donaldson after John Mullen died . Mullen’s death was between 15 November 1780 and 26 March 1781. Donaldson died before 1790. The Mullens are Scots and belonged to the Church of Scotland according to Mullen’s will. Others named in the will are brothers – in -law of John Mullen: James Taggert, Junior and Edward Abbett.
Jan Catalogna says:
Peter Yingst (Yeansgt) as spelled in his Rev. pension application on file at the Armstrong County Courthouse. His interrogation covers six pages detailing his movement across PA. Peter was from Germany, coming to America in 1766 aboard the ship Chance. His father Johann Heinrich Juengst (Yingst) settled in Lancaster/Lebanon County. Peter guarded Hessian prisoners of the Battle of Trenton and served serveral tours of duty as a substitute. He did not participate in any engagements. Peter settled in Armstrong County around 1830. Peter’s ancestors have been documented back to year 1400 through research done in Germany.
Diane Bingham says:
About JOHN HARTMAN, son of Revolutionary War Soldier MICHAEL HARTMAN …
His great granddaughter, my aunt Rebecca Nitsche whose mother Anna LaRue Moore was daughter of Rebecca Olinger, daughter of Anna Maria Hartman, a daughter of John Hartman, told me John had married a Leni Lenapi Indian girl named “Sarina.” Everything else Aunt Becka told me about family history seems to be true, but I don’t know how to validate this connection. Any ideas?
A DNA test would prove or disprove it.
Thank you. ‘Am planning on doing that this year 2016.
Crystal Perez says:
Did you ever do your DNA? Who was Rebecca Olinger’s father? I am related (direct line) to the Olinger’s.
Georgia Hileman Halloran says:
I descend from PETER HEILMAN/HILEMAN. Peter was born in 1751 Sept. 28( according to German chrusrch record on LDS film # 193854) and he came to America in 1753. I also doubt that this Christain, bn 1710, is his father -I believe it was his brother .
Will Christman says:
I just wanted to let Georgia Hileman Halloran know that I have an orphan’s court abstract from Westmoreland County, Docket A, 23 June 1806. Petition of Nicholas Snider, administrator of Christian Hyleman dec’d, stating that the deceased left a widow and six children (Polly, Betsy, Isaac, Peggy, Sally, and Christiana), all of whom are minors under the age of 14 years; and requesting the Court that Jacob Christman and Frederick (Sheveler ?) be appointed guardians over their persons and estates until they arrive at the age of 14 years. Approved. I also have a Peter Helman (Heilman?) in the Westmoreland County, Mount Pleasant Township, 1790 Federal Census a few entries underneath my family.
I have been looking for the family of my 4x great grand father, Jacob Chrtistman (1760-1832) who married Elizabeth Lauffer and resided in Westmoreland County, Mount Pleasant Township, attended Greensburg Lutheran Church. I’ve been at a brick wall for quite a few years now. Because of these Heilman records, an entry for Elias and Ruth Christman of Bedford County at Greensburg Lutheran (I think Ruth Christman’s grandmother was Anna Catherine Heilman) I’m wondering if my Jacob could be connected to them even though I’ve already looked there and their Y-DNA is supossedly R1b and mine is R1A1. Any suggestion would be appreciated. jchristman8@att.net
This is interesting. I live in the area of Kittanning Township where these Heilmans settled. I think the name you couldn’t quite make out was Frederick Schaeffer, probably spelled wrong. I’m not sure of that, though.
Looks like a lot more research is needed here.
Faith Jack says:
I am also a descendant of Christian/Peter/Solomon Heilman. Johann Christian Hileman/Heilman b 1709, baptised 1710 d 1790 was Peter Hileman’s father.
j.guthrie says:
is there a book called captive tale written by joseph brownlee guthrie
D. Kathy Marcinek says:
I have never heard of it but it is possible. I’ll do some snooping.
There is a book titled “American Guthrie and Allied Families”, 1934, by Guthrie, Laurence R.
D. Crowley says:
Yes, there was a book written about Elizabeth Guthrie by her last son, Joseph Brownlee Guthrie. It is not in print but wouldn’t it be wonderful if it were found in someone’s attic in Pennsylvania. Elizabeth Guthrie was my great , great, great, great, great grandmother.
Michelle McGaffic says:
I am also related to Elizabeth Brownlee Guthrie through my grandfather who was a Keener. His mother was a Beatty. There is a book called Capitve’s Tale. I think I have it as I have most of his things now. I remember going with him to Hannas Town and he bought it there in the gift shop.
Ken Kelly says:
My ancestor, Edward Kelley, served with the Cumberland County Militia of PA during the Revolutionary War. He was living in Redbank Twp, Armstrong County PA at the time of his death in 1814. Has anyone previously looked into the location of his grave? Do you have volunteers that research the location of their farm, church, etc. as possible locations of his remains? Or what do you recommend, in order to try to locate him, please? Thank you very much for any possible assistance.
Ken Kelly
Elisabeth Cumin says:
Note: Did Morici Lewis, Uncle of Ezekiel, have any son &/or grandson named John Onezime Lewis, born 1799 in Eastern Twp, PQ, near Vermont Border ??
Is there a complete list of the sons and grandsons of Captain James Lewis that would include Ezekiel and Silas.
Final: Is there a list of the sons of Ezekiel and Silas – born 1795-1805 approx ??
elisabeth.cumin@hotmail.com
1776-1812-2012 More than 200 Years of Peace Celebrations across North America- July 1-4 – especially – along the St Lawrence River!
Dr Louis Hebert/Forestell Tree/Trunk/Branches/Twigs PQ is completed except for the ancestors of John Onesime Lewis, b 1799, husband of Jessie Easton, b 1805; and, settled near Thomasburg-Stoco-Tweed, Hungerford Twp/Hastings County, Ontario.
Note: Marguerite Matilda Lewis, born 1830, daughter of Jessie/John Lewis, was the wife of James Tobias Forestell, grandmother of Grand-father James Lewis Forestell.
Do you know if Ezekiel – Silas O- Thomas Lewis, Eastern-Shefford-Sutton twp PQ; &/or William Lewis of Vermont are ancestors to John Onesime Lewis, near Thomasburg-Stoco, Ontario ?? Sincerely E Cumin
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Johan Harstad on the Universe
By John Harstad
Johan Harstad is the Norwegian author of Buzz Aldrin, What Happened to You in All the Confusion?, a Kirkus Best Fiction of 2011 book, Hässelby, and DARLAH: 172 Hours on the Moon, for which he won the 2008 Brage prize in the children's literature category. He has been described as "one of the most important [Scandinavian] authors to emerge in the early years of this century" and "an author of exceptional stylistic assurance." Here, he discusses his innermost thoughts about the universe.
I was laying on my back out on the porch of a cabin in the woods one summer, the sun had gone down and since there were no lights coming from the cabin, no streetlights or any other sources of illumination nearby, I could see a massive amount of stars in the clear sky that night.
I was overwhelmed. While other people were lying on their back in other parts of the world, falling in love with what they saw, I was just freaked out.
The same day I had stumbled across information about the 6EQUJ5-signal (which you will learn more about when you read my novel), and all I could think of was the scale of the Universe.
It’s unbelievably big.
It could also very well be equally unbelievably dangerous.
Forget all the maps you’ve seen of the planets in our solar system beautifully lined up; the scale is not right at all. It’s only a visualization to make you feel less alone. We are, in fact, in the middle of absolutely nowhere.
Imagine this: A bacteria, a single bacteria, resting on a grain of sand three feet deep in a random sand dune in a random place in the middle of the Saharan desert.
That’s us. The whole world.
Now imagine that someone destroyed that single bacteria.
Either by accident, or by decision.
Would you care? Would you miss it? Grieve for it? Would you even notice that it was gone?
I was laying on the porch of that cabin, feeling more deserted than Robinson Crusoe ever, ever, ever came close to.
Then, in a futile attempt at comforting myself, I started looking at it the other way.
What if this small spot of space we call Earth is important? What if it is too important to be left alone? Would that be any better? The only planet with perfect conditions for life in billions and billions of miles in every direction.
We may be sticking out like a sore thumb.
We may be the perfect target. A sitting duck.
If so, maybe it wasn’t really a brilliant idea to send out our two space probes, Voyager 1 and 2 in the late seventies, complete with written directions to make it easy to locate us.
In a year or two Voyager 1 will leave the heliopause and our solar system, entering interstellar space as the first man made object, on its eternal journey into the unknown, traveling at 10.72 miles per second. If someone, or something not from Earth sent out the 6EQUJ5 signal, chances are that Voyager 1 will eventually … be found.
It might not be something to wish for. At least that has been the case for most indigenous people who received ‘visitors’ from more advanced cultures. That is what Stephen Hawking, world known theoretical physicist and cosmologist at Cambridge University thinks, fearing interstellar nomads.
One more thing: About 20 light years from Earth there might be a planet very, very similar to Earth, called Gliese 581 G. You can always hope that this will keep whoever’s out there busy for a while, if they happen to find it first. Or Gliese 581 G could be the thing to fear, I don’t know.
This is why I’ve stopped laying on the porch of this cabin, looking up to the sky during summer nights. Scared of what might reveal itself one day, approaching us.
When I went to school, I didn’t pay particular attention to either physics or mathematics. All this has changed now. Not because I’m constantly afraid of aliens or even believe in them per se, at least not in the sense of being green men from Mars Attacks!, but because the sheer size of it both fascinates me and scares the sh*t out of me.
One could argue that a book like 172 HOURS ON THE MOON is just a sci-fi horror novel written as entertainment. And you can decide for yourself how troubling you find it that a possibly disturbing amount of facts in it have been confirmed.
But you could also argue, as I do, that the novel deals with our two most basic fears:
The fear of being abandoned. And the fear of being discovered.
And maybe, just maybe, also this third one:
For different reasons much of the novel was written in the middle of the night, from 11pm to 5am. I would sit by my desk, writing, listening to, amongst other things, Penderecki (try listening to “The Dream of Jacob” at 3 in the morning and see how you feel…) and from time to time I would look up and see my own reflection in the window in front of me, grinning back. It startled me every time. I looked tired, scared. I looked like a different version of myself. And it made me think that maybe we should fear ourselves most of all, because we may be the most dangerous thing that has ever happened to Earth.
And so you should ask yourself: Would you really want to meet yourself in a dark alley in a deserted part of the city?
31 Days of Harry Potter
Teenreads.com Goes to Prom
UnBan a Book Week
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APS Directory ~ Alumni
Overview Information
Also see lists of:
All Personnel with office and phone number
Faculty with short biographies
Graduate Students with short biographies
Ph.D.s from 2017 to 2019
Our database is complete back to 1980, and it is incomplete back to 1953.
Display non-thesis M.S M.S. Ph.D. recipients from 1953 1954 1955 1956 1957 1958 1959 1960 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 to 1953 1954 1955 1956 1957 1958 1959 1960 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019
Name: Bang Nhan
Advisor: Jack O. Burns
Thesis: "The Cosmic Twilight Polarimeter: A Model-Independent Approach to Constrain the Synchrotron Foreground Spectrum for Global 21-cm Cosmology"
First Known Position: Post-doc at University of Virginia, Astronomy Department
Last Known Position: Post-doc at University of Virginia, Astronomy Department
bnhan@nrao.edu
Name: Parke Loyd
Advisor: Kevin France
Thesis: "The Volatility of Far-Ultraviolet Radiation from Low-Mass Stars and Planetary Implications"
First Known Position: Postdoc at ASU
Last Known Position: Information Not Available
robert.loyd@colorado.edu
Name: Allison Youngblood
Thesis: "Star Formation and Planets in Harsh Environments"
First Known Position: NASA Postdoctoral Program at GSFC
allison.youngblood@colorado.edu
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Global warming and oceans: what are the known unknowns?
Warm Ocean Melting Pine Island Glacier
For five years an international team of experts, led by NASA emeritus glaciologist Robert Bindschadler and funded by the National Science Foundation and NASA, planned and orchestrated a mission to drill through the floating ice shelf of the Pine Island Glacier.
Finally they persevered over harsh weather conditions, a short Antarctic field season, and the remote location of the glacier, and installed a variety of instruments to measure the properties of the ocean water below the ice shelf.
From The Guardian
The world's leading oceanography experts examine global warming and the oceans in Abraham et al. (2013)
Understanding how humans are changing the climate requires experts from many different areas.
Physicists, chemists, engineers, mathematicians, biologists, atmospheric scientists, oceanographers, social scientists, the list goes on.
Scientists studying the Earth's climate work out descriptions of how humans are interacting with the environment, how those interactions cause changes, and how measurements can be made.
The methods that have been developed to measure the Earth's climate include true engineering marvels.
There are instruments on satellites that measure the rising sea levels and surface temperatures of oceans, land surfaces, and atmosphere.
But satellite instruments can't see below the surface.
Perhaps the most important component of the Earth's climate, and perhaps the hardest to measure, is the oceans that cover over 70 percent of the Earth's surface.
Over the past decades and even centuries, humans have used various techniques to measure oceans, from buckets that were dragged through the ocean waters to collect samples, to modern autonomous devices that measure the oceans day and night throughout the year and report data by satellite.
A major new development since about 2005 is use of floats that pop up and down to sample the top 2000 meters of the ocean for temperature and salinity.
Global Patterns of Carbon Dioxide
These enable us to calculate the increase in heat and the changes to the acidity of the ocean waters.
It seems logical that throughout the decades, as our measurements have become more sophisticated, our understanding of the oceans has improved.
That much is true.
But, from a climate perspective, we must address how today's oceans differ from the oceans 10, 20, or 100 years ago.
Sure, the oceans are warmer now because humans have loaded the atmosphere with heat-trapping gases, but how much warmer?
How do we compare today's sophisticated measurements with yesteryears crude ones?
For instance, if measurements in past decades were biased or their assessed depth was off, it could appear that the oceans have not warmed much in certain periods.
Such errors would also have tremendous consequences for our predictions of what the climate will be like in the future.
This complicated topic is the subject of a recent paper my colleagues and I published in the journal Reviews of Geophysics.
Nearly 30 of the world's top oceanographers collaborated on a massive study that not only went back through the history books to describe the evolution of ocean temperature measuring methods, but also looked forward to future measuring techniques.
The paper found that while all the evidence shows the Earth is warming, without pause, there are still unanswered questions and unmeasured parts of the oceans.
Underneath ice sheets and deep in ocean basins are just two regions that need more attention.
One of the world's pre-eminent oceanographers for, among other things, his important work measuring heat transferred to very deep ocean waters, is Dr. Gregory C. Johnson.
Dr. Johnson works as an oceanographer at NOAA's Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory in Seattle, Washington; he is also a co-author on the paper. He notes,
"This review points to the need to expand the innovative, year-round, broad-scale measurements of the upper half of the open ocean volume so successfully pioneered by the international Argo Program all the way down to the ocean floor and into the ice-covered polar regions, so we can make well-resolved, timely, and truly global assessments of the amount of heat being absorbed by the ocean."
Arctic Sea Ice Minimum
After an unusually cold summer in the northernmost latitudes, Arctic sea ice appears to have reached its annual minimum summer extent for 2013 on Sept. 13, the NASA-supported National Snow and Ice Data Center (NSIDC) at the University of Colorado in Boulder has reported.
Analysis of satellite data by NSIDC and NASA showed that the sea ice extent shrunk to 1.97 million square miles (5.10 million square kilometers), the sixth-lowest on record.
This animation shows daily Arctic sea ice extent and seasonal land cover change from May 16 through Sept. 12, 2013, the day before the sea ice reached its minimum area of coverage for the year.
The data was provided by the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) from their AMSR2 instrument aboard the GCOM-W1 satellite.
In short, we are doing well, but we could do better with more deep-ocean measuring equipment.
A similar reaction comes from Dr. Kevin Trenberth, who not only is one of the world's top climate scientists, but is also recognized as a top communicator, winning the 2013 American Geophysical Union Climate Communication Award.
Dr. Trenberth has been quite active in ocean heating studies, most recently publishing an important paper which calculated significant rates of heating in the ocean.
He described this new study as,
"an excellent review of the history of ocean observations and very revealing about the problems, the issues, and the advances. Most people don't realize the state of the science of ocean observations and this paper is in that sense an expose."
Drs. Johnson, Trenberth, and others who study climate change every day are hopeful that their work will help us quantify how much climate change has occurred and what the future may hold.
While climate science, like other scientific endeavors does not package answers in neatly wrapped exacting answers, what we can say with certainty that is the Earth is warming and the best place to measure that warming is in the oceans.
The best ocean measurements show a continuous heating that is largely from human-emitted greenhouse gases, and it is an important component of sea level rise.
Indeed sea level rise may be the best single indicator of a warming planet: the other major contributor is additional water from melting land ice.
Since satellite altimeters were placed in orbit in 1992, sea level has risen at 3.2 mm/year.
That should be alarming to everyone.
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9 unreal photos of body surfers at Teahupoo
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Nobel Peace Prize Winner and Founder of Panzi Hospital, Democratic Republic of the Congo
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Dr. Denis Mukwege is a world-renowned gynecological surgeon who is the founder and medical director of Panzi Hospital in Bukavu, Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC). As a young child, Dr. Mukwege accompanied his father, a Pentecostal pastor, while visiting sick members of the community. This later inspired him to become a doctor. The Swedish Pentecostal mission helped support him in his medical studies. He decided to specialize in gynecology and obstetrics after observing that female patients at Lemera Hospital suffered from insufficient medical care, which caused complications during their deliveries.
He founded the hospital in 1999 as a clinic for gynecological and obstetric care, and expected to be working on issues of maternal health. Since 1999, however, Dr. Mukwege and his staff have helped to care for more than 50,000 survivors of sexual violence. The hospital not only treats survivors with physical wounds, but also provides legal, and psycho-social services to its patients. Even patients who cannot afford post-rape medical care are treated without charge at Panzi Hospital.
Dr. Mukwege has been fearless in his efforts to increase protections for women and to advocate that those responsible for sexual violence be brought to justice, including the Congolese government and militia groups laying siege to eastern DRC.
In October 2012, Dr. Mukwege was violently attacked and his family was held at gunpoint at his home in an assassination attempt. Joseph Bizimana, his trusted friend and security guard, was killed. The attack came several weeks after Dr. Mukwege denounced the country’s 16-year-long conflict and called for those responsible to be brought to justice during a speech at the United Nations. After this attack, Dr. Mukwege and his family fled the country for his safety, but his many Congolese patients and colleagues urged him to resume his life-saving work at Panzi Hospital. He returned to the hospital in January 2013 and was celebrated by crowds of people ecstatic to have him home. During this difficult period, Physicians for Human Rights (PHR) worked in close coordination with Dr. Mukwege and colleagues at risk in DRC to mobilize a global campaign to advocate for and protect individuals working on the front lines helping survivors of mass atrocities and prosecuting perpetrators of these mass crimes.
Dr. Mukwege is also on the advisory committee for the International Campaign to Stop Rape and Gender Violence in Conflict. He has been the recipient of numerous awards worldwide, including the 2018 Nobel Peace Prize, for his advocacy against sexual violence as a weapon of war and for his outstanding services to survivors of rape.
More Posts By Denis
Fighting gender-based violence in conflict-affected regions – a conversation with Nobel Peace Prize winner Dr. Denis Mukwege
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Movielog, Once Upon a Time in the West
Once Upon a Time in the West, 1968
Written by Sergio Leone & Sergio Donati
Based on a story by Dario Argento, Bernando Bertolucci, and Sergio Leone
Directed by Sergio Leone
I admit that I didn't know a whole lot about this one when I stuck it in my Netflix queue. I saw a reference to it somewhere and stuck it towards the bottom of my nearly 500 movie-long list, and forgot about it. Then I was glancing through the ones towards the bottom, thought it looked like a decent flick, and shoved it towards the top. When it showed up and the DVD sleeve said it was nearly three hours long, I thought there had to be some mistake -- I was expecting something like 3:10 to Yuma, which was about ninety minutes long.
So, I shrugged, I'll give it a reel or so and see if it catches my interest. Glancing over the cast list, I figured it was a tale of some put-upon farmer who takes matters of the law into his own hands, yadda yadda, with Henry Fonda as the heroic everyman who has the eventually kill the bad guy.
And holy fuck, was I ever wrong.
(Conissieurs of great films are now shaking their heads in disappointment at my naivete -- fuck you, hippie; I'm 28, it's not like the Western has been a commercial genre in my lifetime or anything....)
The first sign that this is going to be much more interesting than it seems comes during the credit sequence, when the familiar names Dario Argento and Bernando Bertolucci show up with a "story by" credit. You mean the master of horror and the kind of New Wave sensuality? Why, yes, but back in '68 they were just movie critics trying to earn a living according to Wikipedia -- they both became Big Names sometime after this movie was made.
Let's cut to the chase here: Once Upon a Time in the West is more than just a classic, but a minor miracle of cinema, seemingly a perfect blend of character and story, of theme and mood, of performance and direction. The IMDB Top 250 list calls this the eighteenth best film ever made, which is more than a bit of a stretch, but I absolutely believe it deserves a place on that list, and it's probably one of the half-dozen or so best films I've seen in the last year or so. It's a film that feels very modern in its staging, direction, and themes, while nonetheless being very much a part of its time in the way it plays with and subverts audience expectations, especially with regard to gender roles. And actions scenes so well-staged that they seem to exist as minor masterpieces in and of themselves.
I've just written several paragraphs of plot description, only to delete them -- suffice to say that the film has the kind of enormously convoluted story that is only sort of integrated into a coherent plot -- while the motivations of the various characters in the film only become clear over time, those characters are themselves so well-drawn that we find ourselves drawn in almost despite ourselves. It is truly in these characters that the film soars -- this is most apparent in the primary villain Frank, played by the do-gooder among do-gooders Henry Fonda, but Charles Bronson gives enormous emotional heft to his harmonica-playing avenger, and Jason Robards plays the part of an outlaw with a code to a T. Of particular note, though, are the luminous Claudia Cardinale as a seemingly-innocent proto-feminist widow with a past, and Gabriele Ferzetti as Morton, a crippled railroad man who has made a deal with the devil to fulfill his dreams.
Also of particular note is the score by Ennio Morricone, which I recognized as being (ahem) "sampled heavily" in the Kill Bill series, but which here achieves perfection in the way it seamlessly blends with the images on-screen to create emotional resonance. (I learn from IMDB that the score was composed first, and sequences shot to the music, the reverse of the usual order.) Most movie scores are said to be successful if they recede so far into the background as to be unnoticeable, but here it seems more like the score and the film exist for one another, and that evocation of the one will automatically produce the other.
Some have argued that this film is too slow-paced, that the nearly three-hour runtime could have been trimmed. In a sense, that's true, as certain sequences have more relation to mood than to plot, and probably could have been judiciously cut. But trying to generate a half-hour actioner from this material is to do a great disservice, as it is in the themes and the structure that greatness is achieved. I found myself engaged from beginning to end, transfixed by the imagery, willing it never to end but knowing that it inevitably must.
I realize I've said almost nothing about the actual content of Once Upon a Time in the West. Well, what can I say? This is a film that defies summary, that defies description, that deserves to be approached knowing as little as possible beforehand. Even by those who are not generally a fan of Westerns. Maybe even especially by those who are not generally fans of Westerns. When those final credits rolled and the bodies lay in the dust, when the score reached its crescendo and that railroad car came pushing into frame, I was astonished and amazed at the level of achievement. This is a great film worthy of any movie-lover's attention.
Posted by Daniel Harper at 6/30/2008 09:30:00 AM
Labels: movielog
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Pennsylvania Commission on Asian Pacific American Affairs
Established by Executive Order 2015-10, the Governor's Advisory Commission on Asian Pacific American Affairs is dedicated to ensuring that state government is accessible and accountable to the diverse Asian Pacific American communities in Pennsylvania.
The commission is composed of up to thirty volunteer members appointed by the governor for a term of two years.
https://www.governor.pa.gov/pennsylvania-commission-asian-pacific-american-affairs/
The Korean Community Development Services Center
Established as a non-profit organization in 1985 with the goal of providing a comprehensive array of services for low to moderate income individuals and families. Serving a highly diverse community that is 47% African-American, 21% white, 18% Asian-American, 15% Hispanic, 8% other races, and 5% two or more races, we understand that the challenges will not only be difficult, but also abundant and unique.
Since the early 80's, we have helped thousands of individuals, families, and businesses in our community overcome a countless number of obstacles, whether it be purchasing a first home, facing foreclosure, becoming a certified technician, finding a quality childcare center, or assisting struggling businesses in obtaining more funding. A major factor behind our success is that we value the diversity not only found in our community but also found in our staff.
Currently we provide services in Korean, Spanish, Vietnamese, Laotian, Thai, and Cambodian. The age of staff members range from 23 to 80 years and come from all walks of life. Our team is composed of community members, immigrants, college graduates, PhDs, reverends, veterans, and artists. We find strength in diversity.
http://www.koreancenter.org/
Hispanic Resource Center
The Hispanic Resource Center was developed in response to the largely unmet needs of Spanish-speaking individuals in the Chester community. Its mission is to help local Hispanic residents learn about and obtain community resources. The Hispanic Resource Center is a one-stop-shop that connects program participants and other individuals with a wide range of services, including case management, translation, appointment scheduling, health education, assistance with applications and agency referrals. El Centro, which is part of the women and children's programs of Crozer-Keystone Community Foundation, is designed to meet a broad array of needs within the Hispanic population. It is located at 2602 W. Ninth Street, 2nd floor, Chester, Pa., and is open Wednesdays only, from 9 a.m. to 3 p.m.
Crozer Keystone Community Foundation
Daisy Artiles
Medical Office Building
http://ckcommunityfoundation.org/special-projects/center-for-hispanic-resources/
http://ckcommunityfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/Center-Brochure.-Eng.Nov2016.pdf
http://ckcommunityfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/Center-Brochure.-Span.Nov2016.pdf
Multicultural Family Services (MCFS)
The Multicultural Community Family Services, Inc. (MCFS) is a community based, not-for-profit organization located in Upper Darby, PA in Delaware County. MCFS was founded in 2003 to provide social, educational, and individualized support services to at-risk immigrant individuals, children, youth, and families. Today, MCFS provides educational, job readiness, behavioral health, prevention, recreation, and home care services to more than 700 individuals, youths, and families residing in Delaware and Philadelphia Counties.
The Multicultural Community Family Services (MCFS) has an 11year history of providing direct social services, educational support, counseling services, job readiness services and recreation services for children, youth, older adults, and families residing in Delaware and Philadelphia Counties. In 2011, MCFS created Attentive Home Care (AHC) to provide non-medical home care services to seniors, individuals with disabilities and those who need assistance with their activities of daily living. The MCFS staff collectively has over 38 years of experience providing direct and indirect services to individuals of all ages and families.
MCFS' outreach efforts in the community led to the development of educational programs which include adult literacy classes, GED classes, Citizenship classes and English as Second Language (ESL) classes; social advocacy for immigrant populations, youths and seniors; employment assistance (resume writing, job interviewing practice skills, and job referrals); recreational programs (Multicultural United Soccer Club and Building Bridges Cultural Ambassadors). MCFS also provides individual counseling, support group counseling and non-medical personal care assistance.
The Mission of MCFS
To empower individuals, children, youth, and families to gain a greater capacity to succeed in their communities.
MCFS fulfills its Vision and Mission Statements by providing services to over 1,000 immigrants, refugees and U.S. born citizens per year.
MCFS Upper Darby Office
7016 Terminal Square, Suite 1-A
Upper Darby, PA 19082
Email: info@mcfsorg.com
www.mcfsorg.com
African Cultural Alliance of North America (ACANA)
The African Cultural Alliance of North America Inc. (ACANA) is a 501 (c) (3) non-profit organization based in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. ACANA serves African and Caribbean immigrants by providing access to social and legal services, community development programs, health services, organizing African arts and culture events, and an array of many other services.
ACANA's objectives are to not only assist new residents in their adjustment and resettlement, but to help them become active participants in their new environments. In doing so, ACANA strongly believes in working with people of all backgrounds to build a better community.
The mission of ACANA is to help refugees, immigrant families and all other residents of Philadelphia access legal, health and other social services with a special focus on women, children, youth, and the elderly in their resettlement process in Pennsylvania. ACANA also produces and presents African cultural performances and recording artists to create an awareness of African arts and culture. To this end, we strive to promote the preservation of cultural values as well as support artists' efforts to promote their own vocations in their new environment
ACANA was founded in 1999 by a group of African musicians who sought to help establish themselves in the United States as artists. By the early 2000s however, the organization expanded its goals to include providing social, health and legal services for the African immigrant and refugee community in Philadelphia. This expansion was due in large part to the influx of African refugees fleeing war in various West African countries, including Liberia, Sierra Leone and the Ivory Coast. Today, ACANA provides a variety of services that encourage education, community development and integration while still preserving cultural values.
ACANA provides a wide range of social, legal, health, and community development services that address many or most of the needs of newly arriving or underserved African and Caribbean immigrants. ACANA provides most of these services at low and sometimes no cost to the consumer. And although based in Philadelphia, ACANA has a small branch in Maryland and serves clients throughout the United States from California to Minnesota to Rhode Island and beyond.
Free health screenings and access to various low cost social and health services
Legal assistance and migration services
Community and business corridor development
Job Prep
Access to job training, preparation & assistance
Recording studio services
Emergency food for needy or low income persons
Facility and hall rental
Arts and culture activities programming
Focus on the Youth
Youth arts programming
5530 Chester Ave
Email: acanaphila@gmail.com
http://acanaus.org/
Hours: Monday- Thursday 10-6:30pm
Saturday- Appointment only
Friday and Sunday- Closed
Irish Immigration Center of Philadelphia
The Irish Immigration Center was founded in 1998 to meet the needs of the Irish immigrant community in Philadelphia. While our work focuses on the most vulnerable members of our community, we also provide advice and support on a range of issues of interest to the Irish and immigrant communities in our region.
Our services fall under three main areas:
Supporting immigrants
Provide a range of information, advice, and referrals to Irish people on the U.S. immigration system, healthcare, housing, and other issues of interest to the Irish community in our region.
Run a legal clinic in partnership with the Brehon Law Society and Drexel Law School to provide free legal advice to our community.
Act as a trusted resource to Irish people who are new to the region.
Support the older Irish members of our community by hosting a variety of social and cultural events.
Promoting citizenship
Inform people on the benefits of dual citizenship, assisting eligible Irish-Americans to secure Irish citizenship and eligible Irish green card holders to become U.S. citizens.
Encourage people to be active citizens and contribute to their community.
Present programs that promote active citizenship, such as voter registration drives and census awareness.
Strengthening community
Act as a fiscal sponsor for eligible Irish organizations to help raise funds through grant applications, matching gifts, and tax-deductible donations.
Provide a range of start-up and ongoing support, including meeting space, for the development of Irish organizations in the region.
Partner with other organizations to promote events, share information and resources and foster a vibrant sense of community and Irish identity.
Educate people about U.S. and Irish immigration law and campaigns for a fair and equitable immigration system.
Conduct research to inform future development that will better serve the community.
7 South Cedar Lane
Email: info@icphila.org
Monday to Friday by appointment
http://www.icphila.org/
Pennsylvania Refugee Resettlement Program (RRP)
The Pennsylvania Refugee Resettlement Program (RRP) provides federally-funded services to refugees in accordance with federal statutes and regulations and the Commonwealth's State Plan.
Funded by the US Department of Health and Human Services, Administration for Children and Families, Office of Refugee Resettlement (ORR), the Pennsylvania Refugee Resettlement Program provides a continuum of employment, educational, case management, health, and financial support services to newly arrived refugees in the Commonwealth.
Responsibility for the Refugee Resettlement Program rests with the State Refugee Coordinator, designated by the Secretary of Welfare. The Program is overseen by the PA Department of Public Welfare. Cash and Medical Assistance programs, administered by the Office of Income Maintenance, are coordinated with the delivery of employment, educational, aging and allied human services, administered by the Bureau of Employment and Training in the Office of Income Maintenance.
The Pennsylvania Refugee Resettlement Program contracts with organizations located throughout the state to provide a wide variety of assistance to refugees.
English as a Second Language (ESL) programs
Targeted Assistance
Interpretation and Translation
Citizenship Preparation courses
Asylee Outreach Project
Services to Older Refugees
Information Referral
Unaccompanied Refugee Minors Program
Vocational ESL for Cuban and Haitian refugees
TANF employment and training programs
Email: RA-HSRefugeeProgram@pa.gov
http://www.refugeesinpa.org/index.htm
Upper Darby Welcome Center
The Upper Darby Welcome Center was established in 2003. This innovative center satisfies a growing need in a township as diversified as Upper Darby. The Welcome Center, located at 7000 Walnut Street, is open Monday thru Friday and specializes in offering assistance with immigration questions, state and federal government services, citizenship applications, locating employment, and English as a Second Language. Services are also offered concerning legal advice, health insurance, and becoming a homeowner.
Raya K. Fagg, Director
rfagg@upperdarby.org
http://www.upperdarby.org/Gov/Leisure_Services/Welcome_Center.html
Welcome Center for New Pennsylvanians
The Welcoming Center for New Pennsylvanians connects newly arrived individuals from around the world with the economic opportunities that they need to succeed in our region. Since opening its doors in 2003, it has assisted more than 6,000 clients from more than 90 countries. The center believes that a steady influx of new customers, workers, and entrepreneurs can reinvigorate Pennsylvania's aging population, renew its neighborhoods, and re-energize our economy. By making Pennsylvania a magnet for immigrants, it will become a more vibrant, more creative, and more dynamic competitor in today's global economy. The Welcoming Center's Web site is www.welcomingcenter.org.
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Collections at MNHS
WALTER F. MONDALE
Walter Frederick (“Fritz”) Mondale, a native Minnesotan, has spent most of his life in public service, at the state, national, and international levels. A liberal Democrat and an influential strategist in Minnesota’s Democratic-Farmer-Labor Party (DFL), he has held the offices of Minnesota attorney general (1960-1964), United States Senator from Minnesota (1964-1976), Vice President of the United States (1977-1981), Democratic Party candidate for President (1984), and ambassador to Japan (1993-1996).
Collection at MHS
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Выборы президента РЮО - 2011
Today a "Day of Silence" has been announced in South Ossetia
Today, on November 12 a "day of silence" has been announced in South Ossetia in order that the voters could easily decide their choice. As the correspondent of IA "Res" has been informed at the Central Election Committee (CEC) of South Ossetia, the republic is ready for the presidential elections. "According to the law November 12, -the day before the election, - has been declared a ''day of silence''.
Diplomats of South Ossetia and Taiwan discussed the issues of interstate cooperation
Cooperation of South Ossetia and Taiwan could be beneficial for both countries. It has been stated by Minister for Foreign Affairs of the Republic of South Ossetia Murat Dzhioev, commenting on the statement of the head of the Taiwan representative office in Russia Antonio Chen's readiness to cooperate with the Republic of South Ossetia and Abkhazia, both economically and culturally. According to the head of the South Ossetian Foreign Policy Agency, the meeting of the RSO Foreign Ministry spokesman and the representative of Taiwan have recently taken place in Russia."The issues on cooperation between the two countries in culture, education, economy, trade and simply human relations have been discussed at the meeting – Dzhioev has informed.-Our nation has rich cultural traditions, we have many economic resources. Our cooperation with Taiwan can be mutually beneficial on the basis of the mentioned and a number of other factors."
The CEC of South Ossetia is ready for the elections and the referendum
The CEC of South Ossetia is ready for the November 13 presidential elections and a referendum on formalizing the state status of the Russian language. It has been declared at the press conference in Tskhinval, by the CEC chairman Bella Plieva. "All the polling station commissions are ready to start voting on Sunday, November 13 at 8 a.m. till 20:00 p.m. The number of voters and the registered candidates is determined. There are also cases of withdrawals among the registered presidential candidates. The CEC has done everything possible to hold elections with dignity and transparently", - Plieva emphasized. She has mentioned the decision to put stamps on the passports in order to prevent some citizens could vote twice. "This is the CEC decision. But we appealed to the government and the presidential administration that the Visa Service should also be informed, as well as the relevant services at the checkpoint in the Lower Zaramag. Our decision has been approved "- the CEC head has said.
11 nominees will take part in the presidential elections of South Ossetia
Presidential candidates of South Ossetia Eduard Gabaraev and Alan Kochiev have withdrawn their candidacy from the presidential elections. It has been declared by the candidates during the debates on the TV channel "IR. "Eduard Gabaraev has removed his candidacy in favor of Georgy Kabisov.
Pupils from Tskhinval will meet with the Russian cosmonauts
Pupils of the Tskhinval boarding school for orphans and children left without parental care were invited to visit the cosmodrome "Baikonur". It has been informed IA "Res" by the director of the boarding school Roland Tedeev. "This year the international creative competition ''Yuri Gagarin'' has been held among the Russian and foreign youth by the Community Center of the National Glory of Russia, the St. Andrew Foundation and the World Public Forum «Dialogue of Civilizations'' - said Tedeev. - The winners were provided with the study tour to the cosmodrome. Among the winners were also the pupils of our schools, whose drawings and writings were represented at the event." According to Tedeev, a creative contest was dedicated to the 50th anniversary of Yuri Gagarin's space flight.
South Ossetian parliament building reconstruction will be completed by summer 2012
Restoration of the parliament building in Tskhinval, burned during the Georgian aggression in August 2008, will be completed by the next summer. It has been reported IA "Res" by Robert Nartikoev-the foreman of the North Ossetian construction company "Lea", which is reconstructing the building, "Reconstruction of this facility began in April 2011, - the foreman said. - At present, the construction is at a good pace. "Nartikoev has noted that the facade of the building will retain its former appearance.
The number of the presidential candidates in South Ossetia has decreased to 13
During the evening debates on TV channel "IR" the presidential candidates of South Ossetia Inal Bazzaev and Igor Alborov have declared about their decision to renounce participation in contest for the presidency in favor of the candidates Georgy Kabisov and Alan Kotaev respectively. According to Bazzaev Inal, his ideas and plans completely coincide with the ideas and plans of the presidential candidate Georgy Kabisov; so "in connection with this fact I am going to withdraw my candidacy and I am addressing to my voters to support the candidacy of Georgy Kabisov." "Other presidential candidates, whom I also respect have addressed to me, but I have decided to vote for Georgy Kabisov, because he is a man of word who does not give empty promises," – Bazzaev has underlined.
In South Ossetia 15 presidential candidates have remained among the 17 registered ones
During the evening local TV debates the presidential candidate of South Ossetia Merab Chigoev has addressed to the voters with the statement that he removed his candidacy in the forthcoming presidential elections in favour of the party «Unity» candidate for the Presidency Anatoly Bibilov. «There is a candidate among us who is enjoying the confidence of the Russian Federation. I`ve made a decision to withdraw my candidacy and support Anatoly Iljich Bibilov, a person who enjoys unconditional support of Russia and its leadership. I am addressing to my voters to support my decision and together with me and vote for Bibilov Anatoly Iljich», - Chigoev has declared. It is also said in the document: «In the conditions of restoration of our destroyed country, in the conditions of dissociation of our society, it is very important to make a correct choice.
High schools of South Ossetia and Russia have signed the cooperation agreement
Signing of the agreement on the academic and scientific cooperation between the federal state budgetary educational institution of higher vocational training of the Moscow State Law Academy named after O.E.Kutafin and the South Ossetian State University named after A.A.Tibilov, has taken place in Tskhinval. At the ceremony a rector of the Moscow State Law Academy Victor Blazheev, a rector of the South Ossetian State University Taymuraz Kokoev and the honorable guests, invited to the action - the RSO presidential candidate, nominated by the political party "Unity" Anatoly Bibilov and director of the Institute of the Eurasian researches Valery Tursunov have noted the positive aspects of expansion of relations and activization of further cooperation between the South Ossetian State University and the Moscow State Law Academy and have wished the students successes in their studies. According to Blazheev, in future the Russian high school intends to render feasible help to the South Ossetian State University in personnel training.
Athletes from Tskhinval will perform at the international tournament
The South Ossetian athletes have been invited to take part in the annual international tournament on wrestling in memory of the first Ossetian Champion of Europe ElkanTedeev. It has been informed IA "Res" by the coach of the complex children's sports school Vadim Bagaev.
"The competition will be held in the village Octyabrskoe (Prigorodny district of North Ossetia – Alania), from 17 to 18 November. They will be attended by the athletes of 1995-1996 birth - Bagaev said. - We are now at the training camp in Vladikavkaz.
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