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HomeMarch 27
March 27, 2019 March 27, 2019 Carl Robert Keyes Daily Advert Update, Guest ContributionGraphic Design, Jolley Allen, Loyalist, Massachusetts Gazette [Green and Russell], Repeated Advertisement, Sean Duda, Shopkeeper, Typography
GUEST CURATOR: Sean Duda
Massachusetts Gazette [Green and Russell] (March 27, 1769).
“TO BE SOLD BY Jolley Allen.”
Jolley Allen, a merchant from London, had been selling goods in Boston since 1755. In this advertisement he listed many things, from clothes to china to tea. I am interested in the man selling those goods. Allen was a known Loyalist. He had remained in Boston under the British occupation in 1775 and 1776. He planned to leave with his family on a private ship named Sally whose captain was Robert Campbell when the British and all of the other Loyalists planned to evacuate in March 1776. The Allens planned to leave on March 14, 1776. They boarded the ship for their voyage, planning to follow the British vessels to Nova Scotia. According to the New England Historical Society, on March 17 “it became clear just how inept Robert Campbell was. Over the next 24 hours, Campbell managed to collide with two other fleeing British ships, nearly capsize Sally and finally run it aground while the British ships sailed away for Nova Scotia.” The crew then anchored the ship near Provincetown, which was not under British control. Allen then lost all of his possessions to the residents of Provincetown. He later went back to his old home in Boston and found that his barber had taken up residence in his house. For a short time Allen rented a room in his former home. He eventually escaped to London in Febraury 1777, where he published “Account of the Sufferings and Losses of Jolley Allen, a Native of London” in hopes of being compensated for his losses during the American Revolution.
ADDITIONAL COMMENTARY: Carl Robert Keyes
Almost without fail, Jolley Allen placed distinctive advertisements in Boston’s newspapers in the late 1760s. They were not distinctive so much for their contents. After all, Allen listed the same sorts of items stocked by shopkeepers throughout the city and throughout the colonies. Instead, his attention to graphic design made Allen’s advertisements distinctive. In most cases advertisers submitted copy to the printing office and compositors assumed responsibility for the format of newspaper advertisements. However, the consistency of graphic design elements in Allen’s advertisements across multiple newspapers, whether borders enclosing his lists of goods or ornamental type flanking his name in the headline, demonstrate that Allen negotiated with printers and compositors to have specific visual elements included in his advertisements. That made his advertisement in the March 27, 1769, edition of Green and Russell’s Massachusetts Gazette particularly noteworthy, in addition to its size. Filling two of three columns on the final page, Allen’s advertisement dominated the page.
Such attention to graphic design made Allen’s advertisements easy for prospective customers to recognize. Multiple iterations of his advertisements, especially over extended periods, also suggest that after initially agreeing with the printer and compositor on the format that Allen simply submitted a copy of an earlier advertisement cut from the newspaper, along with revisions marked or attached, when he wished to revive his marketing campaign. His advertisement from March 27, 1769, replicated almost exactly an advertisement that he previously ran nearly nine months earlier in the July 3, 1768, edition of the Boston Weekly News-Letter. The new version included a slightly altered headline, “TO BE SOLD BY Jolley Allen” rather than “Now ready for Sale, at the most reasonable Rate, BY Jolley Allen,” but the shopkeeper’s name still appeared in a much larger sized font than anything else in the newspapers with the exception of the masthead. Decorative ornaments forming diamonds flanked his name. The list of goods he offered for sale was almost exactly the same in terms of both content and order. For the few items missing from the previous version, he likely crossed them off the copy he submitted to the printing office. A limited number of new items appeared at the bottom of the first column and the top of the second, perhaps written in the margins or on a separate sheet by Allen. A final note to “Town and Country Customers” ran across both columns at the bottom, replicating the format of the earlier advertisement. In addition, manicules appeared in all the same places in both advertisements, including three printed upside down at the end of lines rather than at the beginning. This suggests that the compositor faithfully followed the graphic design elements present in the earlier advertisement.
Note the manicules enclosing Allen’s money back guarantee for tea. Massachusetts Gazette [Green and Russell] (March 27, 1769).
Allen likely had to invest some time in working with printers and compositors to achieve the format he desired for his advertisement the first time it ran in any of Boston’s newspapers. That facilitated the process for subsequent insertions since he could simply submit a copy from a previous publication with any revisions marked, trusting the compositor to replicate a design already established.
← Slavery Advertisements Published March 27, 1769
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Archive for the ‘Screenwriting’ Category
And Wait for the Night, Battle for the Planet of the Apes, John William Corrington, Joyce Corrington, Omega Man, Redneck, Rise of the Planet of the Apes, Shad Sentell, The Rise's Wife, The Upper Hand
Allen Mendenhall Interviews Joyce Corrington
In American History, American Literature, Arts & Letters, Books, Creative Writing, Fiction, Film, History, Humanities, John William Corrington, Joyce Corrington, Literature, Novels, Screenwriting, Southern History, Southern Literature, Television, Television Writing, Writing on October 28, 2015 at 8:45 am
Photo by Robert Corrington
APM: Joyce, thanks for doing this interview. The last time we did one of these, I suggested that we might do another one day. I’m glad that day is here. I guess if there’s a particular occasion for the interview, it’s that you and your son Robert have recently finished your project of making the literary works of your late husband, John William “Bill” Corrington, available to the public. How did you do that?
JC: Bill began his literary career as a poet in the 1960s, publishing in the “little magazines” that were prevalent at that time and also publishing five collections of his poems. Then he largely switched to fiction and published pieces of short fiction in literary magazines and in three collections, which were themselves collected into a publication by the University of Missouri Press after Bill’s untimely death. Finally he published four novels, the last of which, Shad Sentell, was published in 1984. Since almost thirty years have passed since then, all of Bill’s works were out of print and available to the public only as rather expensive used books. Our son Robert, who works for Microsoft and is very informed about IT matters, told me that Amazon and its subsidiary Create Space would accept digital manuscripts and publish them at no charge as eBooks or print on demand books that would be offered to the public on the Amazon.com/books website. So we began a many years long project to make all of Bill’s literary work again available to the public in inexpensive editions. The “many years” was due to the fact that we had no digital manuscripts. I had to retype the poems, short stories and novels on my computer and then Robert edited the digital files and created original covers for the books in Photoshop. Finally, with the recent publication of Shad Sentell, we are done!
APM: Having recently reread the entirety of Bill’s published works, what is your overall impression?
JC: It was interesting to read a lifetime of work in a relatively short period of time. I found that a sense of history permeates Bill’s work. Even many of his poems have historical themes and his first novel, And Wait for the Night, was concerned with the consequences of the Civil War, as were many of his short stories. Also infusing the work is a strong sense of morality and religion. This might surprise someone who casually reads The Upper Hand, which is about a priest who loses his faith and descends into the “hell” of the French Quarter. Much of it seems sacrilegious and offensive to a person of religious sensibilities, but the first words of the novel are “God Almighty…” and the last are “the living the dead,” both phrases which appear in the Apostle’s Creed. Bill’s novella The Rise’s Wife resulted from a deep study of Hinduism. Of course, as many have noted, Bill’s taking a J.D. midway in his life resulted in many lawyers and judges becoming characters in his fiction. This allowed Bill to explore the logos of a moral life. Finally, and almost in contrast to all these other serious themes, Bill displayed an ironic and even black sense of humor in many of his poems, such as “Prayers for a Mass in the Vernacular,” in his short story “The Great Pumpkin,” and especially in his novel The Upper Hand.
APM: You’ve said that Shad Sentell is your favorite of Bill’s books. Why is that?
JC: Mostly because the humor in Shad Sentell is farcical and not black. It is a really fun read, if you are not prudish. Shad, who is a “redneck” Don Giovanni, is likely one of the most carnal characters in literature and this, thirty years ago, was perhaps shocking to many readers. I hope that today readers can see that this novel is (excuse my partiality) a work of genius that records for all time the character and language of the Southern redneck. Bill shows he has a surprising depth of intelligence and sensibility that one would not suspect from his bluff and crass surface.
APM: Do you remember the circumstances under which Bill authored the book? In other words, do you have any memories of him writing it?
JC: Bill had been disappointed that his first three “serious” novels had received little critical acclaim. He decided to write one aimed at what he thought was more to the taste of the general public. In this I think he was far ahead of his time, but I hope Shad Sentell will eventually find its audience.
APM: I once read something that Lloyd Halliburton wrote about how you critiqued parts of Shad Sentell and caused Bill to rethink some passages. I can’t recall the details. Do you know what I’m referring to?
JC: I always acted as Bill’s sounding board and editor as he was writing a novel. We would sit over coffee in the morning or maybe a gin a tonic in the afternoon and discuss his ideas on what was to come next. I thought he got carried away with the farcical fun of the Mardi Gras scenes and, when his agent agreed with me, he let me cut much of that material from the manuscript. But likely the biggest change I suggested was the ending. Bill’s first idea was to have Shad die in the climactic oil well explosion, but I told him I thought that was a wrong decision. Despite his seeing Shad as a modern day Don Giovanni, Shad Sentell was a comedy, not a tragedy, and the hero survives in a comedy. Bill went along with my suggestion.
APM: Where did the character Shad Sentell come from? Was he based on any one person?
JC: Bill had a very good friend, Sam Lachle, who shared many of Shad’s characteristics. During high school and college Bill played trumpet with local bands in the bars of Bossier City. He had a very smart mouth and it would likely have gotten him into more trouble than it did if he had not hung out with two very large friends, Sam and Don Radcliff, who protected him. Sam died of a stroke at an early age and Shad Sentell, which is dedicated to him, is to some degree a loving memorial.
APM: I assume the newly released version of the book that you and Robert have put together will be available on Amazon, right? What about your website? Can readers find and purchase it there?
JC: My son Robert not only formatted the books but created a website, www.jcorrington.com, which lists all the books that are available on Amazon. There are also biographies and a menu of critical works.
APM: This changes the subject a bit, but you once mentioned, I think when I was visiting you in New Orleans a few years ago, that there was a graduate student writing a dissertation on Battle for the Planet of the Apes and that he was trying to read into the screenplay something that wasn’t there. Does this ring a bell? Am I remembering this correctly?
JC: Bill and I wrote six films, one of which was the last in the original Planet of the Apes series. Bill never took film writing seriously, which was probably for the best since as writers we never had any control over what was done with our scripts after turning them over to the producer who hired us to write them. We were actually quite dismayed when the film Battle for the Planet of the Apes was released to find some elements had been dropped and others added (a crying statue, for heaven’s sake), but we wrote it off as “just an entertainment.” Imagine my surprise when years later I received a phone call from a young man who was doing his Ph.D. dissertation on the Planet of the Apes series! He asked for an interview which I was happy to grant. I soon discovered that his thesis was that the films were really about racism in America in the 1960s. I told him that I would not try to speak for the other films, but ours was actually a Cain and Abel story (the apes had previously been presented as innocent pacifists compared to warmongering humans and our story was of the first ape killing another ape). The graduate student chose to ignore this and stick to his thesis. He won his Ph.D. and even later published his dissertation work.
APM: I ask in part because the latest installment of the Battle for the Planet of the Apes series came out last year. That was Dawn of the Planet of the Apes, which followed the 2011 Rise of the Planet of the Apes. What do you think about these latest films?
JC: I am afraid I did not bother to see it.
APM: Giuliana and I saw Rise of the Planet of the Apes in the theater, and we waited around after the film to see if you or Bill received any mention in the credits. I can’t remember if you did, but I’m inclined to say that you did not. Do you have any comment about that?
JC: I don’t think we did receive any credit because the Writer Guild of America would have sent me a notice to see if I wanted to dispute the credit. They did this with the remake of our film Omega Man, which was titled I Am Legend. I asked if there was any money involved and when the Guild said no, I replied that I did not really care what credit we received. Subsequently a lot of friends were surprised to see a credit for us at the end of the new film and sent me emails about it.
APM: I’m now thinking these interviews should be an ongoing thing. I’d like to continue the conversation. What do you think? We could do one every now and then for the historical record.
JC: I would like that very much. I especially would like to have an opportunity to talk to you about the Collected Poems of John William Corrington and the Collected Short Fiction of John William Corrington. These are also recently published and available on Amazon.com or through my website www.jcorrington.com.
APM: Thanks, Joyce, let’s do it again soon.
Film, Friedrich Hayek, Harold Bloom, Libertarianism, Literature and the Economics of Liberty, Ludwig Von Mises, Ludwig Von Mises Institute, Marxism, Paul Cantor, Shakespeare, South Park, Spontaneous Order, Stephen Cox, Television, The Independent Review, The Invisible Hand in Popular Culture, The X-Files
The Invisible Hand in Popular Culture
In Academia, Arts & Letters, Austrian Economics, Book Reviews, Books, Economics, Fiction, Film, Humane Economy, Humanities, Liberalism, Libertarianism, Literary Theory & Criticism, Philosophy, Rhetoric & Communication, Screenwriting, Television, Television Writing on January 22, 2014 at 8:45 am
This review originally appeared here in The Independent Review.
“Television rots your brain.” That’s a refrain many of us grew up hearing, but it isn’t true. So suggests Paul Cantor in The Invisible Hand in Popular Culture, his second book about American film and television.
Cantor has become a celebrity within libertarian circles. He is Clifton Waller Barrett Professor of English and Comparative Literature at the University of Virginia and recently became a visiting professor at his alma mater, Harvard University. What’s remarkable about his appointment at Harvard is that it is in the Department of Government, not the Department of English. That doesn’t surprise those of us familiar with his breadth of knowledge and range of interests.
Recognized as an interdisciplinary scholar, Cantor attended Ludwig von Mises’s seminars in New York City before establishing himself as an expert on Shakespeare. Besides publishing extensively on literature of various genres and periods, he has been a tireless advocate for Austrian economics, even though Marxist theories and their materialist offshoots dominate his field. In 1992, the Mises Institute awarded Cantor the Ludwig von Mises Prize for Scholarship in Austrian Economics, and his work at the intersection of economics and literature resulted in Literature and the Economics of Liberty (Auburn, Ala.: Ludwig von Mises Institute, 2010), which he edited with Stephen Cox (while contributing nearly half of the book’s contents).
Like that work, The Invisible Hand in Popular Culture owes much to the theories of Friedrich Hayek, in particular the concept of spontaneous order. It is a reflection of spontaneous order that the most beloved films and television shows did not spring perfectly from the mind of some genius working in complete isolation. Rather, they emerged out of the complex interactions between producers and consumers and the collaborative efforts of scores of diligent workers. Viewer feedback facilitated modifications and improvements to films and television, which advanced in meliorative stages.
Hayek discusses spontaneous order to refute the belief that government intervention and central planning ought to force order onto the marketplace. Cantor discusses it to refute the belief that artistic creation stands outside of commercial exchange. Examining depictions of freedom and coercion in a wide variety of films and television shows, he highlights the disparity between elitist and populist understandings of American culture, which he links to “top-down” and “bottom-up” models of order, respectively. His position is that the popularity and artistic appeal of film and television appear to be proliferating despite the objections and insults levied by the cultural elite, who, it should be added with not a little irony, nonetheless probably watch a great deal of television.
Against the cultural elite and their promotion of patrician—and mostly European—standards for the arts, Cantor maintains that the marketplace enables creative and experimental forms of expression that aren’t so different from earlier aesthetic media such as the serialized novel or popular plays. He reminds us that “nineteenth century critics tended to look down on the novel as a popular form, thinking it hardly a form of literature at all,” and adds that it “was not viewed as authentic art, but rather as an impure form, filled with aesthetically extraneous elements whose only function is to please the public and sell copies” (p. 7). This once “vulgar” medium has lately been celebrated as one of the highest and most impressive categories of art. The form and content of great American novels—whether by Twain or Cooper or Salinger or Pynchon—should remind us that popular novels have been elevated as canonical even though they have rejected the standards and conventions that highbrow critics insisted were necessary for a work to constitute “literature.” Twain and Cooper recognized that highbrow presuppositions and expectations for novels derived from influential Europeans, so they set out to forge a uniquely American literature free from Old World constraints.
Because film and television are commercial, they allow ordinary Americans (as opposed to academics and the cultural elite, including and especially the neo-Marxists) to determine aesthetic standards and trends by indicating what does and does not interest them. Authors and television producers, in turn, become responsive and attuned to the demands of their consumers; they become, in short, entrepreneurs who must struggle against the status quo, defy the odds, and push the limits of artistic acceptability.
The elite disparage this process and advocate for aesthetic criteria divorced from the tastes and pleasures of the general public. As Cantor explains, “Elitists who profess to believe in democracy nevertheless have no faith in common people to make sound decisions on their own, even in a matter as simple as choosing the films and television shows they watch” (p. xiv). The elite would have film and television removed from the marketplace, but without the marketplace there would be no film or television.
Films and television shows might just become the masterpieces of the future; they might have already provided us with canonical “texts.” It is too early to say whether they have contributed substance to what Matthew Arnold called “the best that has been thought and said.” Greatness, after all, takes time to ascertain.
Orwell, Dr. Johnson, and Hume adhered to the “test of time” measure of greatness by which a work of art or literature is evaluated according to its ability to compete and survive in the literary marketplace over the course of generations. This measure requires the sustained consensus of consumers as opposed to the esoteric judgments of elite critics. A work’s ability to attract vast and diverse audiences and to do so long after its production is what makes the work great.
It might seem odd to think of Cantor’s subjects—South Park and The X-Files, for instance—alongside important literary works of the Western canon. And yet the groundlings who paid a penny to enter into the pit of the Globe Theatre, where they would stand and watch performances of Shakespeare’s plays, probably didn’t think they were witnessing greatness, either. Harold Bloom once said, “Cultural prophecy is always a mug’s game,” and Cantor is wise not to prophesy about the enduring merit of any films or television shows. Cantor’s point is not that the products of film and television will be considered masterpieces one day, only that they might be.
For the record, I consider it extremely unlikely that South Park or The X-Files will achieve classic status, but I would not extend that speculation to such films as Casablanca or the Star Wars trilogy. Cantor himself takes pains to distinguish first-rate works from run-of-the-mill entertainment by invoking “traditional criteria for artistic excellence” (p. xxii). We should not take him to mean that film and television are media superior to that which came before them; instead, he considers them as substantially similar to their artistic antecedents, except that their features signal an evolution in artistic preferences. The allure of art comes not from its alienation from popular culture, but from its ability to incorporate popular culture in ways that do not impede its power to speak beyond its moment.
To be sure, American film and television have produced an overwhelming amount of trash, but so did novel serialization. Not all novelists who published their work in contiguous installments in magazines and periodicals held the stature of Charles Dickens or Henry James or Herman Melville. Cantor points out that we forget about the thousands of bad novels from the Victorian era and extol only around one hundred novels from that period, which supposedly represents a zenith in culture. Among the thousands if not millions of films and television shows that have been produced over the past century, perhaps a few will rival the works of Dickens, James, and Melville.
If Cantor weren’t such a generous and careful scholar, he might have become the bête noire of sophisticates and lambasted in the pages of The New Criterion for his embrace of the purportedly lowbrow. His command of economics and literary history, however, has spared him from such condemnation and even gained him a devoted following. To do justice to his latest book would require a more comprehensive treatment of his arguments about the figure of the “maverick” in film and television or about the value of collaborative work and coauthorship in generating exceptional products. Yet these arguments demand more attention than a review can give.
The incomparable Cantor has blessed the libertarian movement with a literary voice. He has expanded the study of Austrian economics into the fields that need it most. He himself is a maverick, reading and writing industriously to break up the habits of thought and monopolies on ideology that mark literary scholarship. Would that we had more Cantors to show us how literature flowers when freedom flourishes. There is hope in the idea that artists can turn to the market to cultivate their talents and supply us with the arts we demand. No English department or cultural guardian can rob us of the entertainment that we enjoy.
Allen Mendenhall, Alongside Night, Austrian Economics, Escape from Heaven, form follows function, genres as marketing categories, hyperinflation, interviews, J. Neil Schulman, Lady Magdalene’s, Libertarian, libertarian sf, Literature, Louis Sullivan, movies, Nasty Brutish and Short Stories, Novels, Praxeology, Profile in Silver, Prometheus Award Winners, Robert Heinlein, science fiction, short fiction collections, short stories, The Laughskeller, The Rainbow Cadenza, The Twilight Zone. game theory, When Freemen Shall Stand
Allen Mendenhall Interviews J. Neil Schulman, Prometheus Award–Winning Author of Alongside Night
In Artist, Arts & Letters, Austrian Economics, Creative Writing, Creativity, Economics, Fiction, Film, Humanities, Imagination, Libertarianism, Literary Theory & Criticism, Literature, News and Current Events, Novels, Philosophy, Screenwriting, Television, Television Writing, Writing on January 17, 2012 at 9:00 am
J. Neil Schulman is a novelist, actor, filmmaker, journalist, composer, and publisher. Among his many books are Alongside Night and The Rainbow Cadenza, both of which won the Prometheus Award. Visit his website at http://jneilschulman.rationalreview.com/.
The following interview originally appeared here at Prometheus Unbound: A Libertarian Review of Fiction and Literature.
AM: Right off the bat, it strikes me that I don’t know what to call you. Will Neil work?
JNS: Sure. It’s J. Neil Schulman in credits, and Neil in person.
AM: Anyway, thank you for doing this interview, Neil. You’ve had a fascinating and unique career. You’ve written novels, short fiction, nonfiction, screenplays, and other works. Which of your works is your favorite and why?
JNS: Every artist gets asked this question sooner or later. I asked it of Robert A. Heinlein when I interviewed him in 1973, and his answer was, “The latest one I’ve been working on.”
I’ve only completed one movie so far — Lady Magdalene’s — so it’s a Hobson’s Choice on that one. Ask me again when I’ve made two! But a lot of people also seem to like the script I wrote for The Twilight Zone, “Profile in Silver.”
I’ve written three novels. My first, Alongside Night [editor’s note: free in pdf], seems to be my most accessible and popular. I consider my second novel, The Rainbow Cadenza, to be my most layered, literary, and richest in explicit philosophy. My third novel, Escape from Heaven, is my favorite. It may not be as timely as my first novel or literary as my second novel, but it’s the one that’s closest to my heart…both the funniest thing I’ve ever written, and the one which is most deceptively simple. It appears to be a lightweight piece of comic fantasy, but it’s full of ideas that if examined more closely turn both traditional theology and rationalist philosophy on their heads.
Short stories? I’ll pick a few: “The Musician,” “Day of Atonement,” and “When Freemen Shall Stand” — all in my collection Nasty. Brutish, and Short Stories — and my latest short story, “The Laughskeller,” published on my blog, J. Neil Schulman @ Rational Review.
AM: Your worldview is, in a word, libertarian. Why is that? How does libertarianism come across in your writing?
JNS: In my nonfiction essays it comes across explicitly. In fiction, drama, and comedy, I try to examine libertarian themes without preaching. I was probably most subtle doing this in The Rainbow Cadenza. The utilitarian politics advocated by the chief villain, Burke Filcher, is so self-consistent that a lot of readers have thought this character speaks for the author. In fact, I wrote the novel to attack utilitarianism as a nullification of the natural individual rights I believe in. The novel reduces utilitarianism to absurdity — it’s a formal satire of it.
Alongside Night is less subtle, though I’m probably more successful in the new movie script than the 1970s novel when it comes to letting the audience make up its own mind. I have learned some refinements of my craft in the last three decades.
AM: I recently noticed that you commented on a post at the Austrian Economics and Literature blog edited by my good friend Troy Camplin. Tell me about the influence that Austrian economics has had on you.
JNS: I would say that Austrian economics — and more fundamentally, the analytical tools of praxeology and games theory — have been fundamental to my work for my entire professional career. They’re not the only tools in my kit, but they get shopworn as much as any of them. Austrian economics is most explicit in Alongside Night, projecting the social and political consequences of fiat money hyperinflation — but I used games theory in plotting “Profile in Silver” and applied praxeology to the afterlife in Escape from Heaven. Read the rest of this entry »
A Civil Death, A Project Named Desire, Allen Mendenhall, Battle for the Planet of the Apes, Box Car Bertha, Fear of Dying, Film, General Hospital, Interview, John William Corrington, Joyce Corrington, MTV, New Orleans, Search for Tomorrow, So Small a Carnival, Superior Court, Television, Texas, The Omega Man, The Real World, The White Zone
In Art, Arts & Letters, Creativity, Fiction, Film, History, Humanities, Information Design, John William Corrington, Law, Literature, News and Current Events, Novels, Philosophy, Screenwriting, Television, Television Writing, Writing on September 22, 2011 at 8:31 am
Joyce Corrington is a writer who, with her late husband John William “Bill” Corrington, wrote several films, including The Omega Man (1970), Box Car Bertha (1971), and The Battle for the Planet of the Apes (1973). Also with Bill Corrington, she co-authored four novels: So Small a Carnival (1986), A Project Named Desire (1987), A Civil Death (1987), and The White Zone (1990). She was head writer for such television series as Search for Tomorrow, Texas, General Hospital and Superior Court, and she has been a co-executive producer for MTV’s The Real World. She holds a Ph.D. from Tulane University. Her latest book, Fear of Dying, is available in both Kindle e-book and paperback format. Formerly a Malibu resident, she now resides in New Orleans.
Joyce, thank you so much for doing this interview. I’m surprised we haven’t done one before. You’ve been an enormous help to me over the years. You even allowed me to stay at your home in New Orleans so that I could do research on your late husband, Bill. During that time I learned that you hold a Ph.D. from Tulane University, and taught Chemistry at Xavier University for ten years. Tell me, how did a person with that background become a writer?
I’m sure it would never have happened if I hadn’t met and married Bill when we were both at Rice University. He was working on a doctorate so he could earn a living teaching, but he wanted to write. Bill succeeded in publishing a number of well-received novels, which I typed and edited for him. But we did not become co-writers until Roger Corman read one of Bill’s novels and invited him to write a movie script. This was not something Bill especially wanted to do. But it paid better than college teaching, so we evolved a film writing partnership, whereby I would create a detailed story structure and Bill would write a script following my outline. After six films, we became involved in writing television series and continued our writing partnership there and in the four New Orleans mystery books we published. Bill passed away as the fourth was being written, so I completed it.
Why did you choose to continue the series?
After Bill died I found it difficult to get the same kind of writing jobs we had been used to doing. I think this was because all of my credits were as half of a writing team and producers felt uncertain whether I could do the job by myself. Thus I had about two years where I had little to do and, while I read a lot during that time, I also began writing a sequel to our New Orleans mystery series. I think I wanted to prove that I could do it by myself. Just after finishing the manuscript for Fear of Dying, I was hired to help produce The Real World, a job which I held for eleven seasons. I did not get around to publishing Fear of Dying until I retired from that job. Read the rest of this entry »
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Fuels for road vehicles
A previous article, Engine and fuel types in vehicle selection, described the characteristics of the various types of engines commonly available for road vehicles and identified that any particular engine type is not necessarily limited to a single fuel. In this article, Richard Smith focuses on some of the factors to be considered with particular fuels.
The default choice for commercial vehicles is a compression-ignition engine and, for heavy vehicles, there is generally no alternative since no manufacturer fits spark-ignition engines to such vehicles nowadays. However, such engines may be a viable option for smaller vans and, when the impact of emissions legislation is considered, may be an advantage.
While the predominant fuels are diesel for compression-ignition engines and petrol for spark-ignition ones, both types of engine may be able to be supplied or converted to run on compressed natural gas (CNG) or liquefied petroleum gas (LPG). These fuels have clear cost advantages under the present taxation system and also result in quieter and cleaner running engines. Against this must be set the potential disadvantage of reduced fuel economy.
Most significantly, vehicles, including hybrids, using CNG or LPG are prohibited from using the Channel Tunnel and many tunnels in mainland Europe.
Biofuels are those that mix with the petrol or diesel a proportion of biologically-sourced material. For diesel, the bio element comes from rapeseed or palm oil and for petrol it is in the form of ethanol derived from grain or sugar cane.
Fuel companies are now legally obliged to include 5% bio element in both their standard petrol (E5) and diesel (B5) fuel. These mixes are claimed to present no problems in engines not specifically designed for them, although operators have noted some (see below).
Diesel is also available in a 30% blend (B30) and 100%, but should not be used unless the engine has been certified by the manufacturer as safe for them. E10 petrol (10% ethanol in standard 95 octane gasoline) is sold in France but is not suitable for all engines.
There is pressure for these higher proportion blends to become the legal standard and in some countries bioethanol is available at up to 95%.
Leaving aside the wisdom of devoting large areas of land to the production of biofuel rather than food, there are also some problems experienced by operators when using current blends of biofuels. In the case of both biodiesel and bioethanol, the energy density of the fuel is reduced compared to pure diesel or petrol. This results in reduced power output and increased fuel consumption.
Both types of fuel can also suffer from a tendency to attract water from the atmosphere and this leads to a build up of water in storage tanks. The water separates out and forms a layer on the bottom of the tank, which not only promotes rusting of steel tanks but also means that the fuel pump draws out this water rather than the fuel.
Problems associated with biodiesel
Fuel-filter clogging
The principal problem noted with biodiesel is that of fuel filter clogging. This arises from a combination of several causes. A particular component of the fuel (sterol glucosides) is prone to formation of a gel (waxing) at lower temperatures and hence blocks the filter. Normal diesel fuel also does this, but during the winter months a special additive is included to prevent it.
Also, unlike normal diesel waxing, the biodiesel gel does not dissolve back into the fuel once the temperature warms up. Since the component is part of the bio additive the problem increases with the proportion of bio element.
Microbiological organisms
The second cause of filter clogging is the growth of microbiological organisms in the fuel. The water which biodiesel absorbs readily from the atmosphere supports the growth of these microbiological organisms in the fuel in storage tanks. If this bacterial growth is allowed to continue it will also contribute to filter clogging.
While gel formation only happens at low temperatures, this process occurs at all temperatures and is likely to be more significant at warmer temperatures.
Solvent effect
A third problem with higher-proportion biodiesel blends arises from the solvent effect of these fuels, which can cause break-down of the varnish deposits that build up on the walls of fuel tanks. This results in contamination of the fuel with particulates that will rapidly block filters.
This problem should be solved and not recur when the filter is changed, for the deposits will by then have been cleaned off and trapped in the filter.
It has been claimed that there is no solvent effect at B5 proportions, although this seems to have been contradicted by experience. The effect is stated to be minimal up to B20 but at B30 solvent problems can certainly be expected.
Higher concentrations of bioethanol can give excellent high performance results and many vintage racing cars used pure methanol as fuel. However, the engine has to be specially set up to use such high concentrations and the fuel is also more difficult to vaporise, making it hard to start the engine in cold weather.
Ethanol is corrosive and, over time, can create white deposits in the fuel system, the result of corrosion of the materials the components are made from by the fuel — made worse by the presence of the water in the fuel. Ethanol also dries out rubber components in the fuel system and therefore causes cracked and brittle (hence leaking) fuel lines, seals and diaphragms.
While the attraction of water is a constant problem, the latter issues of corrosion and drying out of rubber components should not affect vehicles built since about 2007, as they will have components specially designed for ethanol. However, it will be wise to confirm the suitability of any given engine for ethanol before using the higher proportion blends.
While the problems associated with the attraction of water by both bioethanol and biodiesel should not be significant for vehicles in regular use, since the fuel tank will be regularly emptied and refilled with fresh fuel, infrequently used vehicles such as recovery vehicles can have problems. Even with regularly used vehicles the fuel tank should be run down nearly to empty from time to time to prevent build up of water in the bottom.
Storage in bulk tanks will be more of a problem, especially when a certain level of fuel is maintained as a buffer stock. This will be exacerbated by the fact that the fuel is not continuously agitated as it would be in a moving vehicle tank. Operators who hold bulk stocks of fuel must be aware of these problems and regularly run down the tank to nearly empty to eliminate a possible build-up of bacteria and water. The solvent effect will also affect the bulk storage tank and, unless steps are taken to prevent it, the fuel drawn from them will continue to contaminate vehicle fuel systems even after a filter change.
There are viable alternatives to diesel-fuelled compression-ignition engines for many types of operation, but also important caveats. The statutory inclusion of a bio element in both petrol and diesel can cause problems for operators, particularly concerning those who have infrequently used vehicles or who hold their own fuel in bulk storage.
Last reviewed 18 February 2014
Vehicle Selection
Vehicle Weights and Weight Limits
Testing of Vehicles
Road Haulage Newsletter
Remain compliant and stay ahead of industry changes in Road Haulage.
Engine and fuel types in vehicle selection
The great fuel debate
Operating with biofuels
DVSA guidance on maintaining roadworthiness 2014 — are you up to date?
Roadworthiness package
How a VOSA prosecution affects your OCRS
Maintenance records
Nil defect reporting systems
Safety inspection intervals
Brake testing
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Meetings Second Wednesday of each Month, 6:00pm, at Sonoma Veterans Memorial Building.
126 First Street West, Sonoma, CA 95476
The Marine Forces Reserve (MARFORRES or MFR) (also known as the United States Marine Corps Reserve (USMCR) and the U.S. Marine Corps Forces Reserve) is the reserve force of the United States Marine Corps. It is the largest command in the U.S. Marine Corps.
Marine Forces Reserve is the headquarters command for approximately 40,000 Reserve Marines and 184 Reserve Training Centers located throughout the United States. The mission of Marine Forces Reserve is to augment and reinforce active Marine forces in time of war, national emergency or contingency operations, provide personnel and operational tempo relief for the active forces in peacetime, and provide service to the community (for example, through Toys for Tots).
The United States Marine Corps Reserve was established when Congress passed the Naval Appropriations Act of 29 August 1916 and is responsible for providing trained units and qualified individuals to be mobilized for active duty in time of war, national emergency or contingency operations. Marine forces Reserve also provides personnel and operational tempo relief for active component forces in peacetime.
MARFORRES comprises two groups of Marines and Sailors. The first, known as the Selected Marine Corps Reserve (SMCR), are Marines who belong to reserve units and drill one weekend a month and two weeks a year. The second group is known as the Individual Ready Reserve (IRR). The IRR is composed of Marines who have finished their active duty or USMCR obligations, however their names remain on record to be called up in case of a war or other emergency – the Individual Ready Reserve is administered by the Marine Corps Individual Reserve Support Activity. IRR Marines participate in annual musters to check in with the Corps.[1] Reserve Marines are equipped and trained to the same standards as active Marine forces.
The Sonoma City Council and City of Sonoma is delighted to present the 23nd Annual Sonoma City Party. The City of Sonoma hosts this community party to bring our local community together for fun, festivities and to celebrate our special town. A long standing tradition, this unique event celebrates the rich history of Sonoma, its residents, businesses and non-profits. The event is free to attend and will be held at the Sonoma Plaza on Thursday, August 1, 2019, from 5:30 – 10:00 p.m.
Food opportunities on the Plaza provided by local non-profits as a fundraising opportunities
For more information go to: www.sonomacity.org/city-party
The Coast Guard is one of America’s five armed forces and traces its founding to Aug. 4, 1790, when the first Congress authorized the construction of 10 vessels to enforce tariff and trade laws, prevent smuggling, and protect the collection of federal revenue. Responsibilities added over the years included humanitarian duties such as aiding mariners in distress.
The service received its present name in 1915 when the Revenue Cutter Service merged with the U.S. Life-Saving Service to form a single maritime service dedicated to the safety of life at sea and enforcing the nation’s maritime laws.
The Coast Guard is a multi-mission, maritime, military service and the smallest of the five Armed Services. Its mission is to protect the public, the environment and U.S. economic interests in the nation’s waterways, along the coast, on international waters, or in any maritime region as required to support national security.
PURPLE HEART DAY
During the American Revolutionary War, the Badge for Military Merit decorated six known soldiers. Purple Heart Day on August 7 commemorates the creation of the oldest American military decoration for military merit, the Purple Heart and honors the men and women who are of the Military Order of the Purple Heart.
Created by General George Washington in 1782 to be presented to soldiers for “any singularly meritorious action”, the decoration was a purple, heart-shaped piece of silk bound with a thin edge of silver and the word Merit embroidered in silver across the face.
It is unknown who designed the Badge of Merit. It is also unknown how many soldiers may have received the honor symbolizing the courage and devotion of an American Patriot. According to The Badge of Military Merit by Professor Ray Raymond, The “Book of Merit” where the names of possible recipients and their deeds were recorded has long been missing. According to the Badge of Military Merit by Professor Ray Raymond,
Until Washington’s 200th birthday, the Purple Heart remained a Revolutionary War footnote. Through the efforts of General Douglas MacArthur, the U.S. War Department created the Order of the Purple Heart. Today the medal bears a bust of George Washington and his coat of arms.
HOW TO OBSERVE
Honor everyone you know that has received a Purple Heart. Learn more about the Military Order of the Purple Heart. Use #PurpleHeartDay to post on social media and inform others to do so as well.
Since 1932, Purple Heart Day has been celebrated on various days. Sometimes commemorated on Washington’s birthday, other times on Valentine’s Day or at other times declared during the year in different cities and states across the country. Each declaration encouraged citizens to support wounded veterans with the purchase of a purple viola. Purple Heart Day recognizes not only the merit but more importantly the men and women killed and wounded in combat who have earned the badge of honor. As the day evolved it more commonly was observed on the day the Purple Heart was created. In 2014, the Military Order of the Purple Heart recognized this with a media release.
Post 55 Monthly meetings start at 6:00pm, with the hope of keeping the meeting time to one hour. Meeting content and discussion will drive this end time.
We look forward to you attending our meetings.
The official date of the founding of the US Air Force is 18 September 1947. It was a momentous event that over six decades later has demonstrated the achievement of an Air Force second-to-none, yet the Air Force’s history and heritage goes back a lot further.
From the time that the US military purchased its first aircraft in 1909 up to 1947, the US Air Force did not exist as a separate and independent military service organization. It went through a series of designations: Aeronautical Section, Signal Corps (1909); Aviation Section, Signal Corps (1914); United States Army Air Service (1918); United States Army Air Corps (1926), United States Army Air Forces (1941).
WWII illustrated the value of airpower, and the need to change the basic organization of the US Military Forces. The result was the creation of a single Department of Defense with a strong Joint Chiefs of Staff with Army, Navy, and Air Force chiefs. In 1947 President Truman signed the National Security Act which established this new defense organization, and along with it the creation of the US Air Force as an independent service, equal to the US Army and US Navy. The official birthday of the US Air Force is 18 September 1947.
Through the years history has shown the wisdom and foresight of the creation of a separate Air Force. The US Air Force emerged quickly from its cradle and began to create its own history and heritage.
1949: The flight of the “Lucky Lady II” demonstrated the Air Force’s capability to fly, non-stop round the world, showing it could take off from the U.S. and drop bombs anywhere in the world.
1950-1953: USAF engaged in the first completely jet aerial combat During the Korean War. The F-86 Saberjet scored impressive aerial victories against the enemy MiG-15.
1954: The first B-52 Stratofortress came into the USAF Inventory and has served in every conflict since its appearance.
1960s: The development and deployment of Intercontinental Ballistic Missiles (ICBMs) as a major component of the aerial defense capability of the United States.
1964-1973: War in Vietnam
1970s: The development of laser-guided bombs and TV-guided air to ground missiles. Air mobility took a major step forward with the introduction of the C-5 Galaxy in the Air Force Inventory. Other aircraft systems introduced in this decade were the F-15, A-10, AWACS, and F-16.
1980s: Stealth Technology was revealed advent of the F-117; strategic bomber capability was increased with the deployment of the B-1.
1990s: USAF played a major role in the swift defeat of the Iraqi military forces in the first Persian Gulf War: The Air Force underwent a major reorganization with the formation of Air Combat Command, Air Mobility Command, and Air Force Materiel Command. The USAF supported the war in the Balkans, and the US intervention Operation Uphold Democracy in Haiti.
2000 — Present: The Expeditionary Air Force concept was a major transition in how the Air Force employed forces. The Global War on Terrorism brought the USAF into Operation ENDURING FREEDOM and Operation IRAQI FREEDOM.
The term Gold Star family is a modern reference that comes from the Service Flag. These flags/banners were first flown by families during World War I. The flag included a blue star for every immediate family member serving in the armed forces of the United States, during any period of war or hostilities in which the armed forces of the United States were engaged. If that loved one died, the blue star was replaced by a gold star. This allowed members of the community to know the price that the family had paid in the cause of freedom.
The United States began observing Gold Star Mother’s Day on the last Sunday of September, in 1936. The Gold Star Wives was formed before the end of World War II. The Gold Star Lapel Button was established in August 1947.
Today, the nation recognizes the sacrifice that all Gold Star Family members make when a father, mother, brother, sister, son, daughter, or other loved one dies in service to the nation. Gold Star Mother’s and Family’s Day is the last Sunday of September and Gold Star Spouses Day is April 5. The strength of our nation is our Army. The strength of our Army is our Soldiers. The strength of our Soldiers is our families. The Army recognizes that no one has given more for the nation than the families of the fallen.
http://www.goldstarmoms.com/
2019 Valley of the Moon Vintage Festival
Celebrate the 122th Anniversary in Sonoma
Since 1897 the Valley of the Moon Vintage Festival has celebrated Sonoma’s wine, food, culture and heritage. California’s oldest festival, this tradition takes place the end of September in downtown Sonoma’s historic plaza. The Valley of the Moon Vintage Festival benefits many Sonoma non-profit organizations and community projects. This three-day event is presented by Valley of the Moon Vintage Festival, an all-volunteer, non-profit 501(c)3 organization.
We invite you to join the celebration! The festivities kick off on Friday, September 27 with the gala. Taste great wine, sample delicious food and dance under the stars to live music. The fun keeps going throughout the weekend with Sip & Shop – wine tasting and artists showcase of more than 80 artists, grape stomp competition, fire fighter activity, “Get Your Glow On” Night Parade, live music and a Kids Zone.
#vinfest19
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St. Elisha the Prophet
I Corinthians 2:6-10
[14] Now when Eli’sha had fallen sick with the illness of which he was to die, Jo’ash king of Israel went down to him, and wept before him, crying, “My father, my father! The chariots of Israel and its horsemen!”
[15] And Eli’sha said to him, “Take a bow and arrows”; so he took a bow and arrows.
[16] Then he said to the king of Israel, “Draw the bow”; and he drew it. And Eli’sha laid his hands upon the king’s hands.
[17] And he said, “Open the window eastward”; and he opened it. Then Eli’sha said, “Shoot”; and he shot. And he said, “The LORD’s arrow of victory, the arrow of victory over Syria! For you shall fight the Syrians in Aphek until you have made an end of them.”
[18] And he said, “Take the arrows”; and he took them. And he said to the king of Israel, “Strike the ground with them”; and he struck three times, and stopped.
[19] Then the man of God was angry with him, and said, “You should have struck five or six times; then you would have struck down Syria until you had made an end of it, but now you will strike down Syria only three times.”
[20] So Eli’sha died, and they buried him. Now bands of Moabites used to invade the land in the spring of the year.
[21] And as a man was being buried, lo, a marauding band was seen and the man was cast into the grave of Eli’sha; and as soon as the man touched the bones of Eli’sha, he revived, and stood on his feet.
[6] Yet among the mature we do impart wisdom, although it is not a wisdom of this age or of the rulers of this age, who are doomed to pass away.
[7] But we impart a secret and hidden wisdom of God, which God decreed before the ages for our glorification.
[8] None of the rulers of this age understood this; for if they had, they would not have crucified the Lord of glory.
[9] But, as it is written, “What no eye has seen, nor ear heard,
nor the heart of man conceived,
what God has prepared for those who love him,”
[10] God has revealed to us through the Spirit. For the Spirit searches everything, even the depths of God.
[25] But in truth, I tell you, there were many widows in Israel in the days of Eli’jah, when the heaven was shut up three years and six months, when there came a great famine over all the land;
[26] and Eli’jah was sent to none of them but only to Zar’ephath, in the land of Sidon, to a woman who was a widow.
[27] And there were many lepers in Israel in the time of the prophet Eli’sha; and none of them was cleansed, but only Na’aman the Syrian.”
[28] When they heard this, all in the synagogue were filled with wrath.
[29] And they rose up and put him out of the city, and led him to the brow of the hill on which their city was built, that they might throw him down headlong.
[30] But passing through the midst of them he went away.
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Muttering Retreats Say Something, then Depart
The Muttering Retreats – Originally uploaded by thegrue76 /TDAOC
This little Q&A with The Muttering Retreats‘ Tim Thornton unfortunately did NOT make it to (Internet)press on time, but far be it for me to deny you insight on this Cleveland-based little band that could.
Aside from playing their first Chicago venue show earlier this summer the day before Pitchfork, TMR has stayed busy this year… dropping their first proper LP (complete with adorable Wes Anderson-y art direction) and recently releasing a cover of Belle & Sebastian’s “Sleep the Clock Around” (Mediafire) — one of my personal favorites twee-as-fuck songs. They also just learned a bunch Beck songs to perform as America’s Most Acceptable Scientologist for a Halloween show at The Beachland.
If you’re in the vicinity of Ohio in the next few weeks, make sure you stop by to catch Muttering Retreats open for Casiotone for the Painfully Alone; the band that wouldn’t stop touring, on 11/22 at Beachland.
The Muttering Retreats – “Sleep the Clock Around” MP3
The Muttering Retreats – “The Capitalist & The Communist Vie For Our Hero’s Affection” MP3 (c/o A Cloud of Starlings)
The Muttering Retreats – “Pastiche” MP3 (c/o I Rock Cleveland)
And now to go back in time to late July when Tim discussed “crusty” recording, album cliches, and being in a band while also living actual lives with 9-to-5 jobs…
Arms, Distance (Brian): First of all, congrats on the release of the self-titled full album! Though, this technically isn’t your first official release — The Muttering Retreats released a limited edition tape last year didn’t you?
Tim Thornton of The Muttering Retreats: Yes. Our initial release was also technically self-titled, but it came to be known as “The Letter Tape,” due largely in part that the alphabet was a bit of a concept with the tape. [The original “pressing” featured music on side A which was then played backwards on side B. The second batch was labeled side C and D, and so on].
Roughly two weeks before our first show in April 2007, I decided that we absolutely needed some sort of product/souvenir of the show, so we cobbled together 15 minutes of audio … and we made a super lo-fi collage and put it on a 30 minute tape. The other side of the tape are those same 15 minutes, only backwards. We did three runs of the tape … but we only have a couple copies left and aren’t making any more. It’s a real ramshackle affair, I wasn’t expecting to keep it in print this long.
As for the choice on the format, it was just a foregone conclusion by that point. We wanted to have something really simple and charming that was also an artifact of a certain point in the band’s career. The super-crusty sounds on that tape really sum up what we were early off.
AD: I wanted to touch on that, actually. It seems that the use of dated technology, like the cassette tape, fits well with the aesthetic of the group. Aside from the nod to indie pop history, making tapes instead of CD-R’s is just one of the voluntarily analog, or organic, or like you said “crusty”, processes The Muttering Retreats seem to take in crafting music. Was this cultivation of your sound just a natural process, or more of a back-to-basics type manifesto?
T: It wasn’t at all a statement about analog or digital or sound clarity or any of that. All of the material on the tape had entered the digital realm at one point, so it wasn’t purism in any form. Rather, it was done as a reminder to the audience that the material on the tape wasn’t meant to be taken so seriously, as it was something cobbled together in such a short amount of time that we couldn’t really even begin to approach it as a traditionally commercially viable product.
AD: How does that compare to the new CD?
T: We went a totally different route. We tried to make the full length more cohesive, more of a full length statement. We really went out of our way with what might seem like minor details, such as sequencing.
We didn’t want the album to sound like we had one or two ‘singles’ and put them first on the album. We didn’t want to have a slow, sappy closer. We still fell victim to a couple of sequencing cliches, but we’re still happy with what we came up with. Also, there are a few things about the physical CD that can’t be translated over to a digital format. I won’t go into detail as to what they are, but they are all compact disc specific “Easter eggs.”
AD:Sounds very cool, and a nice reward for buying the actual album instead of getting a leaked copy. Hmmmm, what’s the worst sequencing cliche you can fall prey to?
T:I think the biggest faux pas is putting your weakest song as the second to last track … I’d say that putting some of your best stuff on the second half of an album is such a great reward for listening to the whole album. One example I looked to for this album was the newest Spoon record. “The Ghost of You Lingers” is the kind of track most bands would put as the second to last track, but they put it as the second song! Such balls! Even though they put such a difficult song as track 2, they put (arguably) the best song as the second to last. “Finer Feelings” is by far my personal favorite on the record… it’s such a great example of how thought out sequencing can help an album a lot.
We really tried to emulate that brave approach, putting an atypical song as the first track, then putting a completely opposite song as track 2 and so on.
AD: To that point, it’s obvious T.M.R. has put a lot of thought into this album. From how you’ve progressed as a band, to the sound production nuances, to the art direction and liner notes. Is the release of this album a turning point for the band? … Any thoughts about the progression of
this project?
T: Well, the band is still relatively young. We officially formed on the second to last day of 2006, and didn’t play a show until April of last year. Releasing this CD isn’t really a huge step, but rather our biggest project so far. We’ve already got a few new, small projects in the pipeline already. We’re planning a couple of new small-run releases, including a quasi-live cassette collecting a bunch of our favorite performances and adding new material right on top of it. Also, we’re contemplating a possible collection of remixes and a 7″.
The three of us have very normal lives with the responsibilities that go with them, including 9-5 jobs, student loans, and upcoming wedding plans. [Tim and Cari are currently engaged]. We can’t live the life of a ‘career’ band, at least not in the sense that you can expect us to pack up and go on tour for weeks on end.
Right now we’re happy to play Cleveland regularly and make day trips out to surrounding cities. With gas prices the way they are, we might even be trailblazing a whole new model, but we can’t really say that it was our intention.
As far as “progression” in the band, the CD is a definite raising of the bar for us. I’m already looking forward to the next one. But we even know it’s not time to quit our day jobs.
AD: Wow, lots of stuff in the works. That is an interesting point, too — that the cost of a “proper” tour must be astronomical now with gas prices. Maybe gas sticker-shock will foster stronger musical communities, supportive hyper-local scenes, etc.
So, you’re multi-tasking this weekend too — attending the Pitchfork Music Fest while you’re in town. What bands are you most excited about seeing? Which of the bands on this year’s docket would you most want to play with? Besides Spoon I guess.
T:Personally, I would really not ever want to play with Spoon, they’re just too good. I’m excited to finally see Spiritualized. They’re a perfect example of the kind of band we’re trying to be … Spiritualized can make their songs work with a 100 piece orchestra or just a guitar and a vocal. We’re really interested in that sort of songwriting.
An obvious choice would be The Apples in Stereo, but it’s warranted, they’re a great band. Most of the bands I’m really excited to see are the ones who dare try to pull off something really unique live. Health, High Places, Animal Collective, Atlas Sound, !!!, Caribou, etc etc… all of these bands have a lot of nerve to go up and try to present (to a festival crowd, no less!) a really unique live set, and I really hand it to them for that. It’s hard enough to try to play a simple pop song to a crowd, let alone a song/set of something completely different.
Oh, and Public Enemy… just because that set is going to be the most fun moment of the summer.
AD: It’s going to be a nice three+ days of music (and people watching).
You mentioned Spiritulized songs can work simply or with lots of components–in that way, how does a Muttering Retreats set work? Your music has elements of both straight-up pop but I know you’re also big into sound experimentation. You feature a fair amount of guest instrumentals and some of the production can also be quite dense: how does all this work live?
AD: Well, sometimes it just doesn’t work. But we try, honest. Our live setup at the very beginning was very convoluted and complex, it just led to a lot of technical difficulties. We had a laptop up there, midi controllers by the drums, wires everywhere, headphones… all this stuff. That didn’t last long.
Our live set depends on our resources. Sometimes there’s a drum set, sometimes not. Sometimes we’ll need a sax, other times a clarinet will do. Recently, we’ve even been messing around with completely re-arranging songs… adding new parts, having someone else sing, playing it faster/slower/on different instruments…
A lot of bands are out there with six or more people up on stage and we simply aren’t one of those bands, though I could see people making that assumption listening to some of our songs. Every once and a while we’ll get someone extra to come up and play drums or trumpet or something, but it’s less often than you might assume by listening to the CD.
We’ve all been getting into the business of making a bit of a soundscape under our songs. There’s a bit of that on the record, but it’s something I like to create in a live setting using loops and such. Chris is currently working on a setup that will allow him to make loops/soundscapes of his violin and piano, but that project is still in the works.
1 Comment | entertainment, Free MP3's, Indie, Interview, Music, Shamless Name-Dropping, Uncategorized | Tagged: a cloud of starlings, analog, Art, beck, Belle & Sebastian, books, Casiotone for the Painfully Alone, cassette tape, Cleveland, crusty, culture, dated technology, entertainment, events, Halloween, I Rock Cleveland, Indie, indie pop, Interview, lo-fi, Magnetic Fields, mediafire, mp3, Music, musical communities, organic, pitchfork, Pitchfork Music Fest, Poetry, Random, scientology, soundscape, Spoon, tapes, The Beachland Tavern, The Muttering Retreats, twee | Permalink
Boys & Girls Mix
For a while I’ve been wanting to make a mix of bands that swap vocals between guys and gals, but, as I really like that sound, I feel like I have too many songs that fall under that category. Like, ya know, Belle & Sebastian, Stars and half of my itunes.
So, for this ‘lil boy/girl mix I was trying to avoid some of the obvious tracks, but they pretty much seeped in anyway. I also tried to stay in the folk/pop vein so you’re going to miss some of those great hip-hop/electro girl/boy vocals, namely: Positive K’s “I Gotta Man”, Human League’s “Don’t You Want Me”, Postal Service’s “Nothing Better”, Streets’ “Get Out of My House”.
Because of the inherent drama of boys and girls harmonizing, most of the songs have some “relationship” content, be it lovey-dovey or breakup-y. Also, it makes for a pretty even-keeled, laid-back type mix and one which you should be careful while listening to if you’re driving and feeling a bit sleepy. So, after all that, enjoy!
Intro – The Pixies
Handle with Care – Jenny Lewis with the Watson Twins
Two Ways – The 1900s
Honey Child What Can I Do? – Isobel Campbell & Mark Lanegan
Who Were You Thinkin’ Of? – Biirdie
Secretly Minnesotan – Tullycraft
Death to Los Campesinos! – Los Campesinos!
Say Yes if You Love Me – Acid House Kings
PS (Interlude) – The Books
Happy New Year – Camera Obscura
Can’t Ever Sleep – Saturday Looks Good To Me
Friday Night – Elephant Parade
Jorge Regula – The Moldy Peaches
Come Back From San Francisco – The Magnetic Fields
Souvenirs – Architecture in Helsinki
You Really Gotta Hold On Me – She & Him
All You Need Is Hate – The Delgados
Know-How – Kings of Convenience
Les Etoiles Secretes – Ida
Ghosts Are Good Company – Bishop Allen
Ice Storn, Big Gust, and You – Tilly & The Wall
The Zipped File & Album Art can be found on Mediafire here:
http://www.mediafire.com/?sharekey=992c799b40f3f811dfbd00fb952479db185df0bdeae2cf0b
1 Comment | Art, culture, entertainment, Free MP3's, Indie, Mix, Music, Soft | Tagged: Acid House Kings, Architecture in Helsinki, autumn, autumnal, Belle & Sebastian, Belle and Sebastian, Ben Gibbard, Biirdie, Bishop Allen, boys and girls, Bright Eyes, Camera Obscura, Christian Rudder, Conor Oberst, Deathcab, duets, Elephant Parade, Erland Oye, fall, folk, folk rock, girls and boys, harmonies, Ida, Indie, Isobel Campbell & Mark Lanegan, Jenny Lewis, Jenny Lewis with the Watson Twins, Jim James, Justin Rice, Kings of Convenience, Los Campesinos, M. Ward, Mix, Music, Saturday Looks Good To Me, She & Him, Stars, Stephin Merrrit, Stuart Murdoch, The 1900s, The Books, The Delgados, The Magnetic Fields, The Moldy Peaches, The Pixies, Tilly & The Wall, Tullycraft, zooey deschanel | Permalink
Take Heart Brett…
you could’ve wound up in Minnesota.
Leave a Comment » | entertainment, football, In The News, Uncategorized | Tagged: Belle & Sebastian, Brett Favre, film, Green Bay Packers, Minnesota Vikings, movies, new jersey, New York Jets, news, NFL, Sports, storytelling, todd solondz | Permalink
Church Rock Epiphany
Well, it’s not necessarily a NEW idea, but it’s still a pretty novel concept. I recall early tweer-than-fuck Belle & Sebastian holding concerts in churches, and I think Arcade Fire decided to do some of their Neon Bible shows in church too (obvious much?).
As of recently though, many bands have made the move to use churches as recording spaces rather than venues. The aforementioned Neon Bible, and B&S’s Lazy Line Painter Jane EP were both recorded exclusively in churches — both to great effect. Off the top of my head, I The Decemberists also recording Picaresque in a church as well.
(L) Low plays cathedral, (R) Belle & Sebastian flier
Anyway, this is a LONG way to get around mentioning that I just saw Cleveland’s The Muttering Retreats play at South Union Artsyesterday (interview with T.M.A.’s Tim Thornton to be posted soon). Aside from S.U.A. being the first German-language school ever built in Chicago, it also operated as the Gethsemane Missionary Baptist Church before South Union Arts took over the space… the highlight of the cathedral is a GIANT NEON CRUCIFIX… more creepy than the one from Se7en. Jealous much, Arcade Fire? You shoulda played here.
(L) South Union Arts in Chicago, (R) Arcade Fire’s Neon Bible cover art
So yeah, Indie Rock in a church is an interesting experience. Which is now why I have to mention that both Jenny Lewis and “slowcore” legends Low, will be playing what Oh My Rockness is referring to as “Epiphany” in September. Epiphany is, indeed, Epiphany Episcopal Church on 201 South Ashland.
(L) Epiphany, (R) Jenny Lewis
Arcade Fire mp3: “Rebellion (Lies)” (via Different is Dangerous)
Belle & Sebastian mp3: “I Know Where Summer Goes” (via Letters Have No Arms!)
The Muttering Retreats mp3: “Pastiche” (via I Rock Cleveland)
Jenny Lewis mp3: “The Big Guns” (via Cannibal Cheerleader)
Low mp3: “Over the Ocean” (via Large-hearted Boy)
1 Comment | Free MP3's, Local Biz, Music | Tagged: Arcade Fire, Baptist, Belle & Sebastian, Chapel, Chicago, Church, Cleveland, Crucifix, Decemberists, Episcopal, Indie, indie rock, Jenny Lewis, Lazy Line Painter Jane, Low, Neon, Neon Bible, Picaresque, Portland, Rilo Kiley, Se7en, The Muttering Retreats, twee | Permalink
2006 Albums of the Year, Late As Usual
Top Albums 2006
Ahhhh! It’s the obligatory “end of year list,” and obligatorily posted late, by moi. Okay. I would like to mention that I can only rank albums that I’ve actually listened to. Here’s 10 (+5) albums from 2006 I’ve listened to a lot and have actual insight on:
Preface: In keeping with the concept of the Arctic Monkeys’ debut “Whatever People Say I Am, That’s What I Am Not” I will say that The Arctic Monkeys are good, and that they deserve to make any and every “top 10” list.
1. Hot Chip, Hot Chip – The Warning
Oh Man. You can’t hate on this CD. This is the kind of record that changes people opinion on a “sort” of music. I.E., my friend Jimmy’s 30-something pseudomentor Chad (that’s his real name). Chad said something like… “I really like that ‘Hot. Chip’ song. Even though it’s kind of, ‘dancey’.” Join the club Chadly! The LP is just too catchy, too poppy, too funky, too damn fun to categorically deny because of dudes with keyboards and silly mustaches.
Free mp3: “And I Was A Boy From School”
2. The Hold Steady – Boys And Girls In America
Everyone’s afraid to put this album at number 1. It SHOULD be. (Hypocrite warning). This is an album I would recommend, without hesitation, to anyone. It’s a straight-ahead rock n roll album… which I thought didn’t exist anymore. I thought every band needed some sort of concept, prepackaged backstory, or clever nod to whatever retro-trend in the band is aping. The Hold Steady has straight-up rock swagger that reminds me most immediately of Guided By Voices. But the content… oh my… the tales Craig Finn talk/sings are wonderful. They’re the kind of personal/universal “‘member when?” youth stories everyone relates to even if you’ve done nothing of the sort: Betting on ponies, drinking, smoking, troubled kids, raging parties, first loves. All of them done in this anthemic, Glory Days-meets-Chuck Klosterman type storytelling. Indifferent to cliché, Finn’s immediate literature reference, “…There are times when I think Sal Paradise was right,” sets a tone for a terrific and shambling LP.
Free mp3: “Killer Parties”
3. Junior Boys – So This Is Goodbye
This is a sexin’ album. It’s an album by and for th’ sexin. I didn’t think Junior Boys would be able to top their previous release, Junior Boys – Last Exit, but they did… well… he did… as one half of The J.B. left before this album got made. Yet another reason why the band can’t be mentioned without a casual name-drop of sonic frères’ m83. This stuff blows m83 out of the water. Transcendental, groovy, electronic but deeply soulful, the understated crooning (and sometimes just cool breathing) of hit single “In The Morning” would have to be my favorite single of the year.
Free mp3: “In The Morning”
4. Headlights – Kill Them With Kindness
“Kind of a new record slipped into a list old safe ones… verrry PUSSY!”. Ha. Guilty. I got this record very late in the year, but, as Last.FM would testify, I’m enjoying very very much. Nothing exciting has come out of champaign, IL since, ohhhh… Braid, until now. I’m a sucker for girl/boy vocals, and this was THE album for me in the last few months. Think Stars (especially Amy Milian-like vocals, minus all the fatalistic/melancholic/depressive lovesickness, then sprinkle with a few exciting influences… occasional Mates of State keyboard fun, some navelgaze dabbling, a track that reminds me a bit of Broken Social Scene, and that standard “We’re twee But We’ll Include One Adorable Techno Track To Show We Can Do It” song. (Ahem, Belle and Sebastian – Electronic Renaissance, Scotland Yard Gospel Choir – Topsy Turvy). Check ‘em out.
Free mp3: “Owl Eyes”
5. The Radio Dept. – Pet Grief
Tim (The Muttering Retreats) turned me on to these guys. What a fabulous album. It’s this kind of new wave revivalism that makes me despise legwarmers and oversized belts a little less. It’s tough not to “influence pick” on the album, but it wonderfully re-creates a poppy The Jesus and Mary Chain thang in a haze of keyboards and drones and looooooooove.
Free mp3: “Against The Tide”
6. Decemberists – The Crane Wife
Mad props for jumping to a major label and putting out an uncompromised LP, especially 10+ minute song sagas. Though, Castaways & Cutouts and Her Majesty… are still my personal favorites, Colin Meloy & Co went from your libraries favorite chamber pop band to a synth-soloing Genesis-nodding pop/progrock hybrid — quite a feat. And a little unsettling.
Free mp3: “Sons & Daughters”
7. The Pipettes – We Are the Pipettes
I think, technically, this album hasn’t been released in the U.S. yet. I don’t care. Good music travels fast. Records labels can’t control product if the fanbase or buzz is large enough. The Pipettes bring back that girl group era to modern-times, a-lah Camera Obscura, but where C.O. delivers wispy lovelorn tunes with some occasional twang, The Pipettes have style, sass, swagger (and handclaps) to spare. The Pipettes – Your Kisses are Wasted on Meis a gem among an album filled with…well… other gems. The only downside is that the “we all have slightly different personalities and dress in polka-dots” seems suspiciously like a marketing ploy, you really can’t hate on these girls. 1 year from now, the re-united The White Stripes will have the Pipettes open for them. I predict it… it will come true.
8. Isobel Campbell & Mark Lanegan – Ballad of the Broken Seas
When Isobel left Belle and Sebastian I was 95% sure her success would nearly match that of Looper. I picture, mid-Storytelling tour, Stuart Murdoch turns to Isobel on the tour bus and “Oi, Ah quite like your voice eeen that, buh eeets a bit wyrd, ya know, that one song you du, ‘The Sunrise Song’, eh?” Isobel promptly gives Stu’ the finger, jumps off the bus with a small, adorable, Scottish-looking suitcase, meets Mark Lanegan in a cowboy bar near the airport, and after a weekend in a motel, they decide to record an album. Isobel then flutters her eyes, forgets Mark for 3+ years and gives him a ring when she gets board spooning her cello.
Free mp3: “(Do You Wanna) Come Walk With Me”
9. TV on the Radio – Return To Cookie Mountain
Good, solid album, and a welcome return after a disappointing debut LP. I feel this one was a bit over buzzed, but it’s still incredible. A good listen, all the way through, the standout being the rollicking, driving assualt of “Wolf Like Me”. It’s SO hard to tell people there’s an indie band who combines, art-punk, trip-hop and Peter Gabriel and have them still pay attention to you. But, the word’s out on them, there will have to be no convincing.
Free mp3: “Wolf Like Me”
10. Islands – Return to the Sea
Who woulda thunk it??? Especially now that all The Unicorns are dead. Turn the weirdness level down about two-notches, and what appears but yet another fabulous pop band out of Canadia. But to be honest, I kind of miss the previous weirdness levels, but their beginnings of silly instrumentation, deliberately incomplete songs structures, and childish deliveries allowed the .666Unicorns to flank the standard pop-rock formula and conquer all. Now… about Th’ Corn Gang.
Free mp3: “Jogging Gorgeous Summer”
11. Belle and Sebastian – The Life Pursuit
Free mp3: “White Collar Boy”
12. Sufjan Stevens – The Avalanche: Outtakes & Extras from Illinois Album
13. Jenny Lewis With The Watson Twins – Rabbit Fur Coat
Free mp3: “Rise Up With Fists”
14. José González – Stay In The Shade
15. Camera Obscura – Let’s Get out of This Country
Free mp3: “Lloyd, I’m Ready To Be Heartbroken”
Mad shoutouts to an indie kids’ savior: The Hype Machine.
And the blogs I stole mp3’s from:
http://skyscraperlife.blogspot.com/
http://www.girlpants.org/ (not making this one up, promise)
http://res1999.blogspot.com/
http://www.michaelmieler.com/blog/ Mike Went West
http://timedoor.textdriven.com Timedoor
http://tracemyface.blogspot.com/ Red Blondehead
http://www.blogotheque.net/sommaire.php3 La Blagotheque
1 Comment | Free MP3's, Lists, Music, Shamless Name-Dropping | Tagged: amy milian, Arctic Monkeys, Belle & Sebastian, Broken Social Scene, Camera Obscura, Chuck Klosterman, Decemberists, free mp3', Guided By Voices, headlights, Hot Chip, Indie, Islands, Isobel Campbell, Isobel Campbell & Mark Lanegan, Jenny Lewis, Jenny Lewis with the Watson Twins, Jose Gonzalez, junior boys, Looper, m83, Mark Lanegan, Mates of State, mp3, Music, Peter Gabriel, Scotland Yard Gospel Choir, Stuart Murdoch, sufjan stevens, The Hold Steady, The Pipettes, The Radio Dept., top 10, Top 10 List, TV On The Radio | Permalink
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Robert Perala
ROBERT PERALA is the internationally acclaimed author of The Divine Blueprint: Road Map for the New Millennium and The Divine Architect: The Art of Living and Beyond. And, he is an abductee with an amazing story to tell.
His lectures and publications include 25 years of research in: metaphysics, spirituality, behavioral science, personal growth, the origin of the soul, Earth based anomalies, extraterrestrial science, and near death experience research. His humanitarian relief efforts as Director of Development for the United Nations Association, led to him being awarded the prestigious Certificate of Congressional Recognition at Stanford University in 2007 for his support of programs with Adopt-A Minefield and UNICEF.
He is a graduate of the Robbins Research Institute led by America’s foremost results coach Tony Robbins. Robert is a sought after radio and television personality and has been featured on: CNN, The A&E Channel, The FOX Network, and many radio programs including Coast to Coast AM.
In the past few years Robert has been working with the Ramero Institute with Attorney Daniel Sheehan (also a speaker on the topics of UFO’s and a probable Alien contact). He is also a conference organizer and recently helped managed the USA Tour of David Icke.
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Daly Named D3hoops.com All-American
COMPLETE LIST OF D3HOOPS.COM MEN'S ALL-AMERICANS
Middlebury College men's basketball player Jack Daly (Eastchester, N.Y.) added another award following the conclusion of his career, earning a spot as a D3hoops.com Fourth-Team All-American. Earlier this month, Daly was named a National Association of Basketball Coaches (NABC) Division III First-Team All-Northeast District selection and a D3hoops.com All-Northeast Region First-Team recipient. The senior helped lead the Panthers to a 21-7 mark and advanced to the third round of the NCAA Tournament.
On the court, he led the NESCAC and ranked second in Division III at 8.5 assists per game. Earlier this season, Daly broke his own single-season assist mark, becoming the first player in the program's record books to eclipse the 200-assist plateau (237). The fourth-year guard paced the Panthers this winter in points per game (15.8) and rebounds per contest (8.4). He also led Middlebury and ranked second in the NESCAC lead with 1.7 steals per game. Daly recorded what is believed to be the first two triple-doubles in the program's history in a season-opening win over Fitchburg State, as well as the NCAA opening-round win over Lebanon Valley.
The senior climbed up through the Middlebury career records this season, becoming the program's assist record holder with 611, surpassing Jake Wolfin's '13 total of 553. With his 48 steals this winter, he racked up 164 for his career, putting him third in the program's career history.
Daly became the 23rd player in Middlebury history to eclipse the 1,000-point mark for his career in late February. He finishes with 1,067 career points, moving into 16th place in the program's record books. In addition, Daly was the first player in the conference's history to surpass the 1,000-point, 500-rebound and 500-assist plateaus for his career.
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Obama's Inauguration: Celebrating Enslavement
Elections and Democracy
President Barack Obama’s inauguration for his second term was held on Martin Luther King’s birthday with Obama’s hand on King’s and President Lincoln’s Bibles. The event was tinged with grim irony.
Four years ago most Americans, no matter their party, could celebrate the election of a black American to the presidency. Obama's election showed that one’s race need not be a barrier to the highest aspirations. Yet today we witnessed the celebration of enslavement by those being enslaved.
Nature of liberation
To understand this sad spectacle let’s start with race. Dr. King rightly fought against laws that overtly discriminated against blacks. And he was fond of quoting the Declaration of Independence’s understanding that “all Men are created equal” and its vision that each individual is endowed “with certain unalienable rights, that among these are Life, Liberty, and the pursuit of Happiness.”
Let’s fill in here the unique vision of America, “That to secure these Rights, Governments are instituted among Men, deriving their just Powers from the Consent of the Governed.”
King also famously declared, “I have a dream that my four little children will one day live in a nation where they will not be judged by the color of their skin but by the content of their character.”
In a free society that moral code would mean that we each strive for our own happiness and pursue our own dreams through our own individual efforts; that we each take responsibility for our own lives and actions; and that we accord our fellows equal rights to live their own lives, dealing with them based on mutual consent, and judging them based on who they are.
Liberty betrayed
Since King’s times, most black leaders and white liberals have insisted that blacks be judged first and foremost as members of their racial group rather than by the extent to which they take charge of their own lives and take pride in their achievements as individuals. Worse, these leaders have encouraged blacks to think of themselves as helpless victims, as children entitled to special state-provided handouts and privileges.
The morality of irresponsibility created the pathologies of broken families, crime, and chronic poverty. This benefits only the race hustlers—touted by the liberal media—who require a dependent class to exploit, hustlers such as Jesse Jackson, Al Sharpton, Obama’s preacher Reverend Wright, and Rep. Maxine Waters.
Obama could have broken this pathology. In his second inaugural address he spoke of “Our celebration of initiative and enterprise, our insistence on hard work and personal responsibility, are constants in our character.” But these were empty, cynical words.
Rather than using the bully pulpit of his office to celebrate individual achievers, the theme of his administration has been to demonize them, as he did again in his inaugural address by declaring that “our country cannot succeed when a shrinking few do very well and a growing many barely make it.” It’s tax time!
Obama has pushed the entitlement mindset as well as actual handouts into overdrive, for example, with more individuals on food stamps than ever. Blacks are more entrapped in the plantation of a soul-killing moral code than ever before.
Transcendent collectivism
Obama is in one true sense a president who has transcended race. He is foisting on all Americans, regardless of race, the morality of entitlement as well as the entitlements themselves that have created the pathologies that make so miserable the lives of many blacks. Obamacare is but the most notable example.
In his inaugural address Obama quoted the Declaration on the rights of individuals to our own lives, liberty, and pursuit of happiness. But he then distorted the meaning of those words by stating, for example, that “Together, we resolved that a great nation must care for the vulnerable, and protect its people from life’s worst hazards and misfortune.” Not individuals caring for their own families and friends but the “nation”--that is, the collective as manifest in paternalist political elites.
Obama then turned truly Orwellian. He stated that “preserving our individual freedoms ultimately requires collective action.” And that action was not based on voluntary cooperation but, rather, on government action and mandates.
We heard nothing in Obama’s speech about the record deficits that he has racked up with his profligate spending. We heard nothing of the continued economic stagnation and high unemployment, especially in the black community. We simply heard a celebration of the welfare state and a promise of something even worse. Obama proposed to make the fight against global warming a priority, a war on energy production that strikes at the heart of our industrial economy and that will depress living standards for all Americans.
Perhaps the most depressing part of the inauguration was the throngs of those Americans who are being slowly enslaved to the state by Obama’s policies and collectivist views cheering their enslaver.
But freedom cannot be snuffed out so easily. There are still enough Americans who understand where Obama is taking the country and who are acting to stop it. But they must not attack only the policies of Obama and his ilk as economically irresponsible. This is a battle of philosophies. They must counter Obama’s collectivism with a true individualism based on the morality of holding one’s own life as one’s highest value and accepting nothing less than the freedom to pursue one’s own happiness—the vision of America’s Founders.
Hudgins is director of advocacy for The Atlas Society.
*Walter Donway, “ Nationalizing the Financial Industry. ” July 25, 2012.
*Alexander Cohen, “ The Radical but Conservative Declaration of Independence. ” January 31, 2011.
*Edward Hudgins, “ Thoughts on Racial Thinking. ” January 17, 2009.
*Edward Hudgins, “ Will America Unite Under One Obama? ” December 29, 2008.
*Edward Hudgins, “ Color and Character. ” January 17, 2003.
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edrafferty Uncategorised container, Investment, Marine, Nova Scotia, Novaport, Partners, Ports America, SHIP, Sydney 0
Ports America and Sydney Harbour Investment Partners (SHIP) have announced an agreement for the promotion, development and management of Novaporte, the marine container facility in the Port of Sydney, Nova Scotia. The project will be the first deep-water port on the East Coast of North America to be designed specifically to accommodate the largest container ships in the world, (18,000 plus TEUs). The project is shovel-ready, with all permits in place. NOVAPORTE™ will operate within an officially designated Canadian Foreign Trade Zone designated NOVAZONE™.
Ports America is the largest U.S. terminal operator and stevedore with operations in 42 ports and 80 terminals. With a highly skilled and trained labor force, Ports America has the experience and expertise to manage all types of cargo handling. Handling more than 13.4 million TEUs, 2.5 million vehicles, 10.1 million tons of general cargo and 1.7 million cruise ship passengers in 2015.
See here for the full press release
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Travel to Naxos and the Cyclades Islands
Naxos is the largest of the Cyclades islands and, many would say, the most attractive. Its landscape is as delightful as it is varied. Mountains rise dramatically from sea level to over three thousand feet, the highest, needless to say, being Mt Zeus. The verdant coastal plain abounds in orange, lemon and olive groves; there are fig trees in plenty, vineyards and tidy fields of cereals and vegetables. Sun and fertile soil have been the basis of the island’s prosperous agriculture for centuries and also account for the island’s occupation in times past by the Venetians and Ottoman Turks. In classical times, the Naxians were wealthy enough to found their own colony on Sicily. We catch a glimpse of this golden age on the islet of Palatia as we cruise into port: the marble doorway of the unfinished Temple of Apollo that, had it been completed, would have been the largest temple ever constructed by the ancient Greeks. Herodotus wrote of Naxos that “it excelled all other islands in prosperity”.
It was the fate of Ariadne that gave Naxos lasting fame. The daughter of Minos, she helped Theseus, son of the Athenian king, outwit the Minotaur in his labyrinthine lair on Crete. The couple subsequently married and Theseus set sail with his bride to return to his home city of Athens calling in at Naxos on the way. Inexplicably, he there abandoned the bride who had so recently saved his life and her fate has inspired all manner of creative talent ever since, not least composers from Haydn to Strauss. The island has even given its name to a popular record label! The story doesn’t end there. Seeing his son approaching his home port but without the white sail raised that had been the agreed signal that he was safe and sound, King Aegeus leapt to his death from the cliffs into the sea that has borne his name ever since.
Find out more about our European cruises and amazing Mykonos travel!
Mediterranean Itineraries
Under Sail: Greece to the Dalmatian Coast aboard the Sea Cloud
Sailing the Greek Isles aboard the Sea Cloud
Mediterranean Gems: From Dubrovnik to Naples
Corsica & Sardinia aboard Sea Cloud
What It's Like/What You'll Do
Mediterranean Expedition Team
Pack Your Camera
Read Up, Gear Up
Mediterranean FAQs
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My President Is Black (Remix) (Album Version (Explicit))
Nouveautés: Nov 2010
Label: Roc Nation / Jay-Z
With all that he's accomplished, Jay-Z deserves a box set, so a single disc of greatest hits is unavoidably reductive. Indeed, The Hits Collection omits his first two albums, his breakthrough single, "Ain't No N*gga," and only culls the title track from his quintuple-platinum Vol. 2... Hard Knock Life. Quibbles aside, this accurately represents Jay's dominance of mainstream rap and international nightclubs in the 2000s, from the booty-popping jams of "I Just Wanna Love U (Give It to Me)" and "Big Pimpin'" to the defiant "Dirt Off Your Shoulder" and "Run This Town."
Disque 1
Public Service Announcement (Interlude) (Album Version (Explicit))
Run This Town featuring Rihanna, Kanye West (Album Version (Explicit))
03' Bonnie & Clyde featuring Beyoncé Knowles (Album Version (Explicit))
Encore (Album Version (Explicit))
I Just Wanna Love U (Give It 2 Me) (Album Version (Explicit))
Izzo (H.O.V.A.) (Album Version (Explicit))
D.O.A. (Death Of Auto-Tune) (Album Version (Explicit))
99 Problems (Album Version (Explicit))
Empire State Of Mind featuring Alicia Keys (Album Version (Explicit))
Dirt Off Your Shoulder (Album Version (Explicit))
Hard Knock Life (Ghetto Anthem) (Album Version (Explicit))
Show Me What You Got (Album Version (Explicit))
Roc Boys (And The Winner Is)... (Album Version (Explicit))
Big Pimpin' featuring UGK (Album Version (Explicit))
Young, Gifted and Black (Album Version (Explicit))
Pump It Up (Freestyle) (Album Version (Explicit))
Go Hard (Remix) featuring Kanye West, T-Pain (Album Version (Explicit))
This Life Forever (Album Version (Explicit))
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Best Accredited Pharmacy Technician Schools, Jobs, Salary, and Requirements
Top Pharmacy Technician Schools in Hawaii
Working as a pharmacy expert is extremely rewarding. If you're interested in the medical field, love helping people, and want a challenging career, being a pharmacy expert might be just the thing for you. But before you can take part in this exciting new career you'll need to obtain education and certification. Each state requires different things from prospective pharmacy enthusiasts; below is a brief guide to finding accredited pharmacy expert schools in Hawaii, becoming certified, and what you can expect to earn.
Find Pharmacy Technician Schools in Hawaii
Finding an accredited pharmacy expert school is critical, as non-accredited schools and programs are not recognized by the state board. Fortunately, finding accredited schools in your state is made simpler by the American Society of Health-Systems Pharmacists, who has a database of accredited pharmacy enthusiast schools in the United States searchable by school and state. Each school name is linked to a directory listing that offers the program director's information and a description of that particular program.
How to Get Certified in Hawaii
In the state of Hawaii it is not required that you obtain certification to work as a pharmacy enthusiast. However, it is required that you obtain a certain number of hours as an intern before you can practice on your own as a pharmacy expert. If you choose to obtain your certification, however, you will have to pass the Pharmacy Analyst Certification Board exam, as the PTCB is the only certification recognized by the state of Hawaii.
Salaries for Certified Pharmacy Technicians in Hawaii
The field of pharmacy is growing rapidly, with the Bureau of Labor Statistics citing an expected 20 percent growth between 2012 and 2022. Nationally, the average pharmacy enthusiast earns about $29,320 per year, or $14.10 per hour. The National Pharmacy Analyst Association estimates that pharmacy experts can earn $11 to $17 per hour. In this state, according to the BLS, pay rates are well above both of those estimated averages. The average pharmacy enthusiast in Hawaii earns $36,960 per year, or $17.77 per hour, although salaries range between $25,840 to $47,540.
Thank you for sharing your preferences.
You can find other options through our sponsored listings below!
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Quick Fact
In 2017, workers with a bachelor's degree or higher had almost twice as much
median earnings per week than workers with only a high school diploma*.
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Pharmacy Technician Campuses in Hawaii
Heald College - Honolulu Campus 1500 Kapiolani Boulevard
Honolulu, HI 96814 www.heald.edu/locations/honolulu
Top Pharmacy Technician Schools in Georgia
Top Pharmacy Technician Schools in Idaho
Directory of Pharmacy Technician Schools by State:
Arizona Arkansas California Colorado Connecticut Delaware Florida Georgia Hawaii Idaho Illinois Indiana Iowa Kansas Kentucky Louisiana Maine Maryland Massachusetts Michigan Minnesota Mississippi Missouri Montana Nebraska Nevada New Hampshire New Jersey New Mexico New York North Carolina North Dakota Ohio Oklahoma Oregon Pennsylvania Rhode Island South Carolina South Dakota Tennessee Texas Utah Vermont Virginia Washington West Virginia Wisconsin Wyoming
Directory of Pharmacy Technician Schools by City:
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Pharmacy technician can be a rewarding career in the Health care field and we hope you find all the relevant information here. If you’d like to get in touch with us, please leave us a message on our contact page.
Best Pharmacy technician website was built to serve as the best resource for anyone looking to learn more about Pharmacy technician training, Pharmacy technician certification, jobs, salary, classes and more.
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Attention Art Collectors: MAP “Out of Order” Party and Auction Friday, April 7, Tickets on Sale Now
Edited from Press Release
Maryland Art Place will hold its Annual Spring Benefit & Silent Auction, Out of Order, and celebrate its 20th year on Friday, April 7 at 7 p.m. The fundraiser will take place at 218 West Saratoga Street, the original home of MAP, in the Bromo Tower Arts and Entertainment District on Baltimore’s west side.
Out of Order gives local art collectors the chance to acquire contemporary art at unbelievably low silent auction prices. Organizers cover the walls from floor to ceiling with art in a salon-style exhibition. The event plays host to a variety of artists both old and new, giving students and emerging artists an opportunity for exposure in Baltimore’s creative sector. MAP expects up to 400 guests at the Out of Order exhibition, and artists and patrons alike will mix and mingle while enjoying food, drink, and music.
“We are thrilled to continue our Out of Order tradition and celebrate this 20th-anniversary milestone by inviting youth artists to participate,” stated Amy Cavanaugh Royce, Executive Director of Maryland Art Place.
For its 20th Anniversary, MAP will launch of a youth-driven exhibition, KIDOOO, which will take place in tandem with Out of Order and will be held on the 2nd floor in the new MAP Member Gallery. KIDOOO was created to give young artists an opportunity to exhibit their work in a major arts venue, expanding MAP’s services to students in elementary, middle school and high school. KIDOOO encourages creative expression and promotes artistic engagement across Maryland’s youth. Young artists, ages six to sixteen, are encouraged to apply.
Tickets to Out of Order Exhibition and Silent Auction are on sale now for $40 pre-sale on MissionTix and $45 at the door. All tickets include free entry to KIDOOO.For the eighth year, participating artists may choose to donate their unsold art to The Art Connection in the Capital Region (ACCR,) a nonprofit organization that works to enrich the lives of under-served members of the community through access to public art within the Greater Metropolitan Washington, DC area.
For the eighth year, participating artists may choose to donate their unsold art to The Art Connection in the Capital Region (ACCR,) a nonprofit organization that works to enrich the lives of under-served members of the community through access to public art within the Greater Metropolitan Washington, D.C. area.
The 2017 Out of Order host committee includes Chris Janian, Scott Burkholder, Naomi Davidoff, Julie Cavnor, Tace Joelle Loeb, Elizabeth Burger, Jerrell Gibbs, Kelly Cross, Chris Zickefoose, Justin Williams, Sonjay DeCaires, George Petrocheilos, Angela Joshi, Ginny Lawhorn, Brittany Hargest, and Carlyn Thomas.
Any and all artists are invited to participate in Out of Order. During the Do-It-Yourself Installation Day on Thursday, March 30, 7 a.m. – midnight, each participating artist can hang one original piece in the MAP gallery. Each piece must be framed and ready to hang with dimensions under 40” x 40”.
Young artists ages 16 and under are welcome to hang one original work of art on the first come, first served installation day of KIDOOO, MAP’s first kids’ Out of Order! The open installation day for KIDOOO will take place on Saturday, April 1 from 11 a.m. – 4 p.m. in the new Member Gallery. Each piece must be framed and ready to hang with dimensions under 24” x 24”.
For more information on tickets, sponsorship opportunities, and artists submissions, please visit MAP’s website at www.mdartplace.org.
Baltimore Fishbowl publishes a limited number of press releases for a fee. For information on how to publish your company's press release, contact Imran Sanadi at [email protected]
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Watch Dreamgirls‘ Amber Riley Belt Out ‘And I’m Telling You I’m Not Going’ at the Olivier Awards
April 12th, 2017 | By Lindsey Sullivan
The Olivier Awards dazzled London's Royal Albert Hall on April 9, and we are telling you, we are not going to stop gushing about this year's ceremony. Groundhog Day's Andy Karl accepted his award for Best Actor in New York on April 11, and Dreamgirls' Amber Riley, who garnered the Olivier for Best Actress in a Musical, finally released footage of her performance. All is right with the world. Watch the Glee alum absolutely kill it on stage as she belts out the classic "And I Am Telling You I'm Not Going," and watch her touching acceptance speech as well. Also—be sure to pre-order the Dreamgirls cast album beginning on April 14; it hits earbuds on April 28.
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Watch Patti Murin Sing Frozen‘s Moving New Anthem ‘True Love’
March 16th, 2018 | By Broadway.com Staff
We're less than a week away from the official Broadway opening night of Frozen, the exciting new stage adaptation of the Oscar-winning animated film. Over the past month, Disney has been treating us to samples of new songs written for the show by Kristen Anderson-Lopez and Robert Lopez, including "Monster," "What Do You Know About Love" and "Dangerous to Dream." Now we're being presented with the musical's very own Anna, stage favorite Patti Murin, delivering the stirring new number "True Love." We most certainly think it lives up to its name.
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Lendway Make Their Way
If you’ve been hanging around Burlington, Vermont lately you may have heard the sounds of a relatively new band called Lendway. The band was awarded “The Deli’s” December artist of the month, and has recently released their debut album The Low Red End. Lendway has mostly played in the Burlington area including venues like Red Square, Nectar’s, and the Monkey Bar. Big Heavy World will also be pleased to have Lendway perform in a few weeks for the BHW Baker's Dozen Birthday Bash on April 17th (See above).
The band features lead vocalist/guitarist Mike Clifford and lead guitarist/vocalist Matt Hagen, who provide the driving force and collaboration behind a majority of the bands original work. Bassist/vocalist Kevin Lynam and drummer/vocalist Todd Gevry form the rhythm section, which complete the bands sound with a solid, smooth sounding foundation.
Their music has been classified by some as 60’s psychedelic-indie-pop or 90’s shoegazers. Certainly the band has admitted to strong influences from The Grateful Dead, Beatles, and Pink Floyd. Their love of the vintage sound is readily apparent when standing in their room full of vintage amplifiers and equipment. Most notable about the band’s sound is the strength of the vocal melodies and harmonies. Strong four-part vocal harmonies, along with attention to song writing have definitely helped in creating their own unique sound.
Lendway, in its current form, has been around for almost two years. However, the original members met and played together several years ago at Johnson State College of Vermont. This experience provided the basis of a friendship that gave the members the strength and will to re-form several years later. As a testament to their friendship and humble beginnings, the members named the band after their landlord at Johnson State.
Lendway re-formed when lead vocalist Mike Clifford decided that the extensive repertoire of original music written over the last few years was too good to let die and needed to be recorded. The desire to focus on great song writing/composition and sound, along with a tremendous interest in the recording process led to the creation and release of their debut album The Low Red End in November of ’08.
The Low Red End was the culmination of hard-work, thoughtful song-writing, recording, re-writing, and re-recording. The album was released on 12” vinyl as well as CD. Pressing on vinyl was something the band really wanted to accomplish, a likely tribute to their vintage influences. The raw tracks for the entire album were recorded by the band themselves using their own recording equipment, which were subsequently mixed and mastered by Ryan Powers.
Currently the band is working on both an EP, and second full-length album scheduled for release in spring/summer of ’09. The EP is a collection of “darker” songs originally written for the The Low Red End and intended to be a set of songs that transition well into the next album. The band is looking forward to the completion of the second album as they feel that the writing is focused more on their current arrangement and it will highlight continued growth of the band.
Lendway plans to hit the road with a mini-tour around Vermont on the strength of these new releases this year. No matter what happens this group of friends are definitely enjoying the moment and looking forward to making things happen this year. More info on Lendway can be found on their myspace page at http://www.myspace.com/lendwaymusic, and the Big Heavy World Crew is proud to have Lendway join us for our Baker's Dozen Birthday Bash on April 17th.
Random!Big Heavy World April 11, 2009
CCTV Media Maven Lunch w/Jim from The Radiator
Event, Foundation News, WOMM-LP 105-9FM The Ra...Big Heavy World April 12, 2009
CREW JOB: Accountant (Experienced)
Volunteer Jobs & I...Big Heavy World April 4, 2009
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Curley Crawford
7 May 1901 - 29 Sep 1973
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Curley Crawford was 13 years old when Archduke Franz Ferdinand and his wife, Sophie, Duchess of Hohenberg, were assassinated by a Yugoslav nationalist named Gavrilo Princip in Sarajevo, sparking the outbreak of World War I. Archduke Franz Ferdinand, Archduke of Austria-Este was a member of the imperial Habsburg dynasty, and from 1896 until his death the heir presumptive (Thronfolger) to the Austro-Hungarian throne. His assassination in Sarajevo precipitated Austria-Hungary's declaration of war against Serbia, which in turn triggered a series of events that resulted in Austria-Hungary's allies and Serbia's declaring war on each other, starting World War I.
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Curley Crawford was born on 7 May 1901
Curley Crawford was 3 years old when The Wright brothers make their first attempt to fly with the Wright Flyer at Kitty Hawk, North Carolina. The Wright brothers, Orville and Wilbur, were two American aviators, engineers, inventors, and aviation pioneers who are generally credited with inventing, building, and flying the world's first successful airplane. They made the first controlled, sustained flight of a powered, heavier-than-air aircraft on December 17, 1903, four miles south of Kitty Hawk, North Carolina. In 1904–05 the brothers developed their flying machine into the first practical fixed-wing aircraft. Although not the first to build experimental aircraft, the Wright brothers were the first to invent aircraft controls that made fixed-wing powered flight possible. The Wright brothers make their first attempt to fly with the Wright Flyer at Kitty Hawk, North Carolina. The Wright brothers, Orville and Wilbur, were two American aviators, engineers, inventors, and aviation pioneers who are generally credited with inventing, building, and flying the world's first successful airplane. They made the first controlled, sustained flight of a powered, heavier-than-air aircraft on December 17, 1903, four miles south of Kitty Hawk, North Carolina. In 1904–05 the brothers developed their flying machine into the first practical fixed-wing aircraft. Although not the first to build experimental aircraft, the Wright brothers were the first to invent aircraft controls that made fixed-wing powered flight possible.
Curley Crawford was 4 years old when Albert Einstein publishes his first paper on the special theory of relativity. Albert Einstein was a German-born theoretical physicist who developed the theory of relativity, one of the two pillars of modern physics. His work is also known for its influence on the philosophy of science. He is best known to the general public for his mass–energy equivalence formula E = mc2, which has been dubbed "the world's most famous equation". He received the 1921 Nobel Prize in Physics "for his services to theoretical physics, and especially for his discovery of the law of the photoelectric effect", a pivotal step in the development of quantum theory. Albert Einstein publishes his first paper on the special theory of relativity. Albert Einstein was a German-born theoretical physicist who developed the theory of relativity, one of the two pillars of modern physics. His work is also known for its influence on the philosophy of science. He is best known to the general public for his mass–energy equivalence formula E = mc2, which has been dubbed "the world's most famous equation". He received the 1921 Nobel Prize in Physics "for his services to theoretical physics, and especially for his discovery of the law of the photoelectric effect", a pivotal step in the development of quantum theory.
Curley Crawford was 7 years old when Ford puts the Model T car on the market at a price of US$825. Ford Motor Company is an American multinational automaker headquartered in Dearborn, Michigan, a suburb of Detroit. It was founded by Henry Ford and incorporated on June 16, 1903. The company sells automobiles and commercial vehicles under the Ford brand and most luxury cars under the Lincoln brand. Ford also owns Brazilian SUV manufacturer Troller, an 8% stake in Aston Martin of the United Kingdom, and a 49% stake in Jiangling Motors of China. It also has joint-ventures in China, Taiwan, Thailand, Turkey, and Russia. The company is listed on the New York Stock Exchange and is controlled by the Ford family; they have minority ownership but the majority of the voting power. Ford puts the Model T car on the market at a price of US$825. Ford Motor Company is an American multinational automaker headquartered in Dearborn, Michigan, a suburb of Detroit. It was founded by Henry Ford and incorporated on June 16, 1903. The company sells automobiles and commercial vehicles under the Ford brand and most luxury cars under the Lincoln brand. Ford also owns Brazilian SUV manufacturer Troller, an 8% stake in Aston Martin of the United Kingdom, and a 49% stake in Jiangling Motors of China. It also has joint-ventures in China, Taiwan, Thailand, Turkey, and Russia. The company is listed on the New York Stock Exchange and is controlled by the Ford family; they have minority ownership but the majority of the voting power.
Curley Crawford was 11 years old when The British passenger liner RMS Titanic sinks in the North Atlantic at 2:20 a.m., two hours and forty minutes after hitting an iceberg. Only 710 of 2,227 passengers and crew on board survive. RMS Titanic was a British passenger liner that sank in the North Atlantic Ocean in the early hours of 15 April 1912, after colliding with an iceberg during its maiden voyage from Southampton to New York City. There were an estimated 2,224 passengers and crew aboard, and more than 1,500 died, making it one of the deadliest commercial peacetime maritime disasters in modern history. RMS Titanic was the largest ship afloat at the time it entered service and was the second of three Olympic-class ocean liners operated by the White Star Line. It was built by the Harland and Wolff shipyard in Belfast. Thomas Andrews, her architect, died in the disaster. The British passenger liner RMS Titanic sinks in the North Atlantic at 2:20 a.m., two hours and forty minutes after hitting an iceberg. Only 710 of 2,227 passengers and crew on board survive. RMS Titanic was a British passenger liner that sank in the North Atlantic Ocean in the early hours of 15 April 1912, after colliding with an iceberg during its maiden voyage from Southampton to New York City. There were an estimated 2,224 passengers and crew aboard, and more than 1,500 died, making it one of the deadliest commercial peacetime maritime disasters in modern history. RMS Titanic was the largest ship afloat at the time it entered service and was the second of three Olympic-class ocean liners operated by the White Star Line. It was built by the Harland and Wolff shipyard in Belfast. Thomas Andrews, her architect, died in the disaster.
World War I: The United Kingdom declares war on Austria-Hungary; the countries of the British Empire follow suit. World War I, also known as the First World War or the Great War, was a global war originating in Europe that lasted from 28 July 1914 to 11 November 1918. Contemporaneously described as the "war to end all wars", more than 70 million military personnel, including 60 million Europeans, were mobilised in one of the largest wars in history. Over nine million combatants and seven million civilians died as a result of the war, a casualty rate exacerbated by the belligerents' technological and industrial sophistication, and the tactical stalemate caused by gruelling trench warfare. It was one of the deadliest conflicts in history and precipitated major political change, including the Revolutions of 1917–1923 in many of the nations involved. Unresolved rivalries at the end of the conflict contributed to the start of the Second World War twenty-one years later. World War I: The United Kingdom declares war on Austria-Hungary; the countries of the British Empire follow suit. World War I, also known as the First World War or the Great War, was a global war originating in Europe that lasted from 28 July 1914 to 11 November 1918. Contemporaneously described as the "war to end all wars", more than 70 million military personnel, including 60 million Europeans, were mobilised in one of the largest wars in history. Over nine million combatants and seven million civilians died as a result of the war, a casualty rate exacerbated by the belligerents' technological and industrial sophistication, and the tactical stalemate caused by gruelling trench warfare. It was one of the deadliest conflicts in history and precipitated major political change, including the Revolutions of 1917–1923 in many of the nations involved. Unresolved rivalries at the end of the conflict contributed to the start of the Second World War twenty-one years later.
World War I: British Grand Fleet battle cruisers under Vice-Admiral Sir David Beatty engage Rear-Admiral Franz von Hipper's battle cruisers in the Battle of Dogger Bank. World War I, also known as the First World War or the Great War, was a global war originating in Europe that lasted from 28 July 1914 to 11 November 1918. Contemporaneously described as the "war to end all wars", more than 70 million military personnel, including 60 million Europeans, were mobilised in one of the largest wars in history. Over nine million combatants and seven million civilians died as a result of the war, a casualty rate exacerbated by the belligerents' technological and industrial sophistication, and the tactical stalemate caused by gruelling trench warfare. It was one of the deadliest conflicts in history and precipitated major political change, including the Revolutions of 1917–1923 in many of the nations involved. Unresolved rivalries at the end of the conflict contributed to the start of the Second World War twenty-one years later. World War I: British Grand Fleet battle cruisers under Vice-Admiral Sir David Beatty engage Rear-Admiral Franz von Hipper's battle cruisers in the Battle of Dogger Bank. World War I, also known as the First World War or the Great War, was a global war originating in Europe that lasted from 28 July 1914 to 11 November 1918. Contemporaneously described as the "war to end all wars", more than 70 million military personnel, including 60 million Europeans, were mobilised in one of the largest wars in history. Over nine million combatants and seven million civilians died as a result of the war, a casualty rate exacerbated by the belligerents' technological and industrial sophistication, and the tactical stalemate caused by gruelling trench warfare. It was one of the deadliest conflicts in history and precipitated major political change, including the Revolutions of 1917–1923 in many of the nations involved. Unresolved rivalries at the end of the conflict contributed to the start of the Second World War twenty-one years later.
Amid the First World War and following his loss of support in Parliament, British Prime Minister H. H. Asquith (pictured) resigned. World War I, also known as the First World War or the Great War, was a global war originating in Europe that lasted from 28 July 1914 to 11 November 1918. Contemporaneously described as the "war to end all wars", more than 70 million military personnel, including 60 million Europeans, were mobilised in one of the largest wars in history. Over nine million combatants and seven million civilians died as a result of the war, a casualty rate exacerbated by the belligerents' technological and industrial sophistication, and the tactical stalemate caused by gruelling trench warfare. It was one of the deadliest conflicts in history and precipitated major political change, including the Revolutions of 1917–1923 in many of the nations involved. Unresolved rivalries at the end of the conflict contributed to the start of the Second World War twenty-one years later. Amid the First World War and following his loss of support in Parliament, British Prime Minister H. H. Asquith (pictured) resigned. World War I, also known as the First World War or the Great War, was a global war originating in Europe that lasted from 28 July 1914 to 11 November 1918. Contemporaneously described as the "war to end all wars", more than 70 million military personnel, including 60 million Europeans, were mobilised in one of the largest wars in history. Over nine million combatants and seven million civilians died as a result of the war, a casualty rate exacerbated by the belligerents' technological and industrial sophistication, and the tactical stalemate caused by gruelling trench warfare. It was one of the deadliest conflicts in history and precipitated major political change, including the Revolutions of 1917–1923 in many of the nations involved. Unresolved rivalries at the end of the conflict contributed to the start of the Second World War twenty-one years later.
World War I: The American Expeditionary Forces begin to arrive in France. They will first enter combat four months later. World War I, also known as the First World War or the Great War, was a global war originating in Europe that lasted from 28 July 1914 to 11 November 1918. Contemporaneously described as the "war to end all wars", more than 70 million military personnel, including 60 million Europeans, were mobilised in one of the largest wars in history. Over nine million combatants and seven million civilians died as a result of the war, a casualty rate exacerbated by the belligerents' technological and industrial sophistication, and the tactical stalemate caused by gruelling trench warfare. It was one of the deadliest conflicts in history and precipitated major political change, including the Revolutions of 1917–1923 in many of the nations involved. Unresolved rivalries at the end of the conflict contributed to the start of the Second World War twenty-one years later. World War I: The American Expeditionary Forces begin to arrive in France. They will first enter combat four months later. World War I, also known as the First World War or the Great War, was a global war originating in Europe that lasted from 28 July 1914 to 11 November 1918. Contemporaneously described as the "war to end all wars", more than 70 million military personnel, including 60 million Europeans, were mobilised in one of the largest wars in history. Over nine million combatants and seven million civilians died as a result of the war, a casualty rate exacerbated by the belligerents' technological and industrial sophistication, and the tactical stalemate caused by gruelling trench warfare. It was one of the deadliest conflicts in history and precipitated major political change, including the Revolutions of 1917–1923 in many of the nations involved. Unresolved rivalries at the end of the conflict contributed to the start of the Second World War twenty-one years later.
World War I: First tank-to-tank combat, during the second Battle of Villers-Bretonneux. Three British Mark IVs meet three German A7Vs. World War I, also known as the First World War or the Great War, was a global war originating in Europe that lasted from 28 July 1914 to 11 November 1918. Contemporaneously described as the "war to end all wars", more than 70 million military personnel, including 60 million Europeans, were mobilised in one of the largest wars in history. Over nine million combatants and seven million civilians died as a result of the war, a casualty rate exacerbated by the belligerents' technological and industrial sophistication, and the tactical stalemate caused by gruelling trench warfare. It was one of the deadliest conflicts in history and precipitated major political change, including the Revolutions of 1917–1923 in many of the nations involved. Unresolved rivalries at the end of the conflict contributed to the start of the Second World War twenty-one years later. World War I: First tank-to-tank combat, during the second Battle of Villers-Bretonneux. Three British Mark IVs meet three German A7Vs. World War I, also known as the First World War or the Great War, was a global war originating in Europe that lasted from 28 July 1914 to 11 November 1918. Contemporaneously described as the "war to end all wars", more than 70 million military personnel, including 60 million Europeans, were mobilised in one of the largest wars in history. Over nine million combatants and seven million civilians died as a result of the war, a casualty rate exacerbated by the belligerents' technological and industrial sophistication, and the tactical stalemate caused by gruelling trench warfare. It was one of the deadliest conflicts in history and precipitated major political change, including the Revolutions of 1917–1923 in many of the nations involved. Unresolved rivalries at the end of the conflict contributed to the start of the Second World War twenty-one years later.
World War I: The Paris Peace Conference opens in Versailles, France. World War I, also known as the First World War or the Great War, was a global war originating in Europe that lasted from 28 July 1914 to 11 November 1918. Contemporaneously described as the "war to end all wars", more than 70 million military personnel, including 60 million Europeans, were mobilised in one of the largest wars in history. Over nine million combatants and seven million civilians died as a result of the war, a casualty rate exacerbated by the belligerents' technological and industrial sophistication, and the tactical stalemate caused by gruelling trench warfare. It was one of the deadliest conflicts in history and precipitated major political change, including the Revolutions of 1917–1923 in many of the nations involved. Unresolved rivalries at the end of the conflict contributed to the start of the Second World War twenty-one years later. World War I: The Paris Peace Conference opens in Versailles, France. World War I, also known as the First World War or the Great War, was a global war originating in Europe that lasted from 28 July 1914 to 11 November 1918. Contemporaneously described as the "war to end all wars", more than 70 million military personnel, including 60 million Europeans, were mobilised in one of the largest wars in history. Over nine million combatants and seven million civilians died as a result of the war, a casualty rate exacerbated by the belligerents' technological and industrial sophistication, and the tactical stalemate caused by gruelling trench warfare. It was one of the deadliest conflicts in history and precipitated major political change, including the Revolutions of 1917–1923 in many of the nations involved. Unresolved rivalries at the end of the conflict contributed to the start of the Second World War twenty-one years later.
World War I: Ottoman sultan Mehmed VI's representatives sign the Treaty of Sèvres that divides up the Ottoman Empire between the Allies. World War I, also known as the First World War or the Great War, was a global war originating in Europe that lasted from 28 July 1914 to 11 November 1918. Contemporaneously described as the "war to end all wars", more than 70 million military personnel, including 60 million Europeans, were mobilised in one of the largest wars in history. Over nine million combatants and seven million civilians died as a result of the war, a casualty rate exacerbated by the belligerents' technological and industrial sophistication, and the tactical stalemate caused by gruelling trench warfare. It was one of the deadliest conflicts in history and precipitated major political change, including the Revolutions of 1917–1923 in many of the nations involved. Unresolved rivalries at the end of the conflict contributed to the start of the Second World War twenty-one years later. World War I: Ottoman sultan Mehmed VI's representatives sign the Treaty of Sèvres that divides up the Ottoman Empire between the Allies. World War I, also known as the First World War or the Great War, was a global war originating in Europe that lasted from 28 July 1914 to 11 November 1918. Contemporaneously described as the "war to end all wars", more than 70 million military personnel, including 60 million Europeans, were mobilised in one of the largest wars in history. Over nine million combatants and seven million civilians died as a result of the war, a casualty rate exacerbated by the belligerents' technological and industrial sophistication, and the tactical stalemate caused by gruelling trench warfare. It was one of the deadliest conflicts in history and precipitated major political change, including the Revolutions of 1917–1923 in many of the nations involved. Unresolved rivalries at the end of the conflict contributed to the start of the Second World War twenty-one years later.
United States: Second trial of Sacco and Vanzetti in Boston, Massachusetts. The United States of America (USA), commonly known as the United States (U.S.) or America, is a federal republic composed of 50 states, a federal district, five major self-governing territories, and various possessions. At 3.8 million square miles, the United States is the world's third- or fourth-largest country by total area and just fractionally smaller than the entire continent of Europe's 3.9 million square miles. With a population of over 325 million people, the U.S. is the third-most populous country. The capital is Washington, D.C., and the largest city by population is New York City. Forty-eight states and the capital's federal district are contiguous in North America between Canada and Mexico. The State of Alaska is in the northwest corner of North America, bordered by Canada to the east and across the Bering Strait from Russia to the west. The State of Hawaii is an archipelago in the mid-Pacific Ocean. The U.S. territories are scattered about the Pacific Ocean and the Caribbean Sea, stretching across nine official time zones. The extremely diverse geography, climate, and wildlife of the United States make it one of the world's 17 megadiverse countries. United States: Second trial of Sacco and Vanzetti in Boston, Massachusetts. The United States of America (USA), commonly known as the United States (U.S.) or America, is a federal republic composed of 50 states, a federal district, five major self-governing territories, and various possessions. At 3.8 million square miles, the United States is the world's third- or fourth-largest country by total area and just fractionally smaller than the entire continent of Europe's 3.9 million square miles. With a population of over 325 million people, the U.S. is the third-most populous country. The capital is Washington, D.C., and the largest city by population is New York City. Forty-eight states and the capital's federal district are contiguous in North America between Canada and Mexico. The State of Alaska is in the northwest corner of North America, bordered by Canada to the east and across the Bering Strait from Russia to the west. The State of Hawaii is an archipelago in the mid-Pacific Ocean. The U.S. territories are scattered about the Pacific Ocean and the Caribbean Sea, stretching across nine official time zones. The extremely diverse geography, climate, and wildlife of the United States make it one of the world's 17 megadiverse countries.
Adolf Hitler was arrested in Munich for high treason for his role in the Beer Hall Putsch. Adolf Hitler was a German politician, demagogue, and Pan-German revolutionary, who was the leader of the Nazi Party, Chancellor of Germany from 1933 to 1945 and Führer ("Leader") of Nazi Germany from 1934 to 1945. As dictator, Hitler initiated World War II in Europe with the invasion of Poland in September 1939, and was central to the Holocaust. Adolf Hitler was arrested in Munich for high treason for his role in the Beer Hall Putsch. Adolf Hitler was a German politician, demagogue, and Pan-German revolutionary, who was the leader of the Nazi Party, Chancellor of Germany from 1933 to 1945 and Führer ("Leader") of Nazi Germany from 1934 to 1945. As dictator, Hitler initiated World War II in Europe with the invasion of Poland in September 1939, and was central to the Holocaust.
Adolf Hitler is released from Landsberg Prison. Adolf Hitler was a German politician, demagogue, and Pan-German revolutionary, who was the leader of the Nazi Party, Chancellor of Germany from 1933 to 1945 and Führer ("Leader") of Nazi Germany from 1934 to 1945. As dictator, Hitler initiated World War II in Europe with the invasion of Poland in September 1939, and was central to the Holocaust. Adolf Hitler is released from Landsberg Prison. Adolf Hitler was a German politician, demagogue, and Pan-German revolutionary, who was the leader of the Nazi Party, Chancellor of Germany from 1933 to 1945 and Führer ("Leader") of Nazi Germany from 1934 to 1945. As dictator, Hitler initiated World War II in Europe with the invasion of Poland in September 1939, and was central to the Holocaust.
Adolf Hitler publishes Mein Kampf. Adolf Hitler was a German politician, demagogue, and Pan-German revolutionary, who was the leader of the Nazi Party, Chancellor of Germany from 1933 to 1945 and Führer ("Leader") of Nazi Germany from 1934 to 1945. As dictator, Hitler initiated World War II in Europe with the invasion of Poland in September 1939, and was central to the Holocaust. Adolf Hitler publishes Mein Kampf. Adolf Hitler was a German politician, demagogue, and Pan-German revolutionary, who was the leader of the Nazi Party, Chancellor of Germany from 1933 to 1945 and Führer ("Leader") of Nazi Germany from 1934 to 1945. As dictator, Hitler initiated World War II in Europe with the invasion of Poland in September 1939, and was central to the Holocaust.
The United Kingdom general strike begins. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom (UK) or Britain, is a sovereign country in western Europe. Lying off the north-western coast of the European mainland, the United Kingdom includes the island of Great Britain, the north-eastern part of the island of Ireland and many smaller islands. Northern Ireland is the only part of the United Kingdom that shares a land border with another sovereign state—the Republic of Ireland. Apart from this land border, the United Kingdom is surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean, with the North Sea to its east, the English Channel to its south and the Celtic Sea to its south-south-west, giving it the 12th-longest coastline in the world. The Irish Sea lies between Great Britain and Ireland. With an area of 242,500 square kilometres (93,600 sq mi), the United Kingdom is the 78th-largest sovereign state in the world. It is also the 21st-most populous country, with an estimated 66.0 million inhabitants in 2017. The United Kingdom general strike begins. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom (UK) or Britain, is a sovereign country in western Europe. Lying off the north-western coast of the European mainland, the United Kingdom includes the island of Great Britain, the north-eastern part of the island of Ireland and many smaller islands. Northern Ireland is the only part of the United Kingdom that shares a land border with another sovereign state—the Republic of Ireland. Apart from this land border, the United Kingdom is surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean, with the North Sea to its east, the English Channel to its south and the Celtic Sea to its south-south-west, giving it the 12th-longest coastline in the world. The Irish Sea lies between Great Britain and Ireland. With an area of 242,500 square kilometres (93,600 sq mi), the United Kingdom is the 78th-largest sovereign state in the world. It is also the 21st-most populous country, with an estimated 66.0 million inhabitants in 2017.
Curley Crawford was 27 years old when Walt Disney character Mickey Mouse premieres in his first cartoon, "Plane Crazy". Walter Elias Disney was an American entrepreneur, animator, voice actor and film producer. A pioneer of the American animation industry, he introduced several developments in the production of cartoons. As a film producer, Disney holds the record for most Academy Awards earned by an individual, having won 22 Oscars from 59 nominations. He was presented with two Golden Globe Special Achievement Awards and an Emmy Award, among other honors. Several of his films are included in the National Film Registry by the Library of Congress. Walt Disney character Mickey Mouse premieres in his first cartoon, "Plane Crazy". Walter Elias Disney was an American entrepreneur, animator, voice actor and film producer. A pioneer of the American animation industry, he introduced several developments in the production of cartoons. As a film producer, Disney holds the record for most Academy Awards earned by an individual, having won 22 Oscars from 59 nominations. He was presented with two Golden Globe Special Achievement Awards and an Emmy Award, among other honors. Several of his films are included in the National Film Registry by the Library of Congress.
Curley Crawford was 28 years old when The New York Stock Exchange crashes in what will be called the Crash of '29 or "Black Tuesday", ending the Great Bull Market of the 1920s and beginning the Great Depression. The New York Stock Exchange, is an American stock exchange located at 11 Wall Street, Lower Manhattan, New York City, New York. It is by far the world's largest stock exchange by market capitalization of its listed companies at US$21.3 trillion as of June 2017. The average daily trading value was approximately US$169 billion in 2013. The NYSE trading floor is located at 11 Wall Street and is composed of 21 rooms used for the facilitation of trading. A fifth trading room, located at 30 Broad Street, was closed in February 2007. The main building and the 11 Wall Street building were designated National Historic Landmarks in 1978. The New York Stock Exchange crashes in what will be called the Crash of '29 or "Black Tuesday", ending the Great Bull Market of the 1920s and beginning the Great Depression. The New York Stock Exchange, is an American stock exchange located at 11 Wall Street, Lower Manhattan, New York City, New York. It is by far the world's largest stock exchange by market capitalization of its listed companies at US$21.3 trillion as of June 2017. The average daily trading value was approximately US$169 billion in 2013. The NYSE trading floor is located at 11 Wall Street and is composed of 21 rooms used for the facilitation of trading. A fifth trading room, located at 30 Broad Street, was closed in February 2007. The main building and the 11 Wall Street building were designated National Historic Landmarks in 1978.
Curley Crawford was 30 years old when Great Depression: In a State of the Union message, U.S. President Herbert Hoover proposes a $150 million (equivalent to $2,197,000,000 in 2017) public works program to help generate jobs and stimulate the economy. The Great Depression was a severe worldwide economic depression that took place mostly during the 1930s, beginning in the United States. The timing of the Great Depression varied across nations; in most countries it started in 1929 and lasted until the late-1930s. It was the longest, deepest, and most widespread depression of the 20th century. In the 21st century, the Great Depression is commonly used as an example of how far the world's economy can decline. Great Depression: In a State of the Union message, U.S. President Herbert Hoover proposes a $150 million (equivalent to $2,197,000,000 in 2017) public works program to help generate jobs and stimulate the economy. The Great Depression was a severe worldwide economic depression that took place mostly during the 1930s, beginning in the United States. The timing of the Great Depression varied across nations; in most countries it started in 1929 and lasted until the late-1930s. It was the longest, deepest, and most widespread depression of the 20th century. In the 21st century, the Great Depression is commonly used as an example of how far the world's economy can decline.
Adolf Hitler obtains German citizenship by naturalization, which allows him to run in the 1932 election for Reichspräsident. Adolf Hitler was a German politician, demagogue, and Pan-German revolutionary, who was the leader of the Nazi Party, Chancellor of Germany from 1933 to 1945 and Führer ("Leader") of Nazi Germany from 1934 to 1945. As dictator, Hitler initiated World War II in Europe with the invasion of Poland in September 1939, and was central to the Holocaust. Adolf Hitler obtains German citizenship by naturalization, which allows him to run in the 1932 election for Reichspräsident. Adolf Hitler was a German politician, demagogue, and Pan-German revolutionary, who was the leader of the Nazi Party, Chancellor of Germany from 1933 to 1945 and Führer ("Leader") of Nazi Germany from 1934 to 1945. As dictator, Hitler initiated World War II in Europe with the invasion of Poland in September 1939, and was central to the Holocaust.
Adolf Hitler announces that the expansion of Lebensraum into Eastern Europe, and its ruthless Germanisation, are the ultimate geopolitical objectives of Third Reich foreign policy. Adolf Hitler was a German politician, demagogue, and Pan-German revolutionary, who was the leader of the Nazi Party, Chancellor of Germany from 1933 to 1945 and Führer ("Leader") of Nazi Germany from 1934 to 1945. As dictator, Hitler initiated World War II in Europe with the invasion of Poland in September 1939, and was central to the Holocaust. Adolf Hitler announces that the expansion of Lebensraum into Eastern Europe, and its ruthless Germanisation, are the ultimate geopolitical objectives of Third Reich foreign policy. Adolf Hitler was a German politician, demagogue, and Pan-German revolutionary, who was the leader of the Nazi Party, Chancellor of Germany from 1933 to 1945 and Führer ("Leader") of Nazi Germany from 1934 to 1945. As dictator, Hitler initiated World War II in Europe with the invasion of Poland in September 1939, and was central to the Holocaust.
Adolf Hitler violently purged members of the Sturmabteilung (SA), its leader Ernst Röhm, and other political rivals in the Night of the Long Knives, executing at least 85 people. Adolf Hitler was a German politician, demagogue, and Pan-German revolutionary, who was the leader of the Nazi Party, Chancellor of Germany from 1933 to 1945 and Führer ("Leader") of Nazi Germany from 1934 to 1945. As dictator, Hitler initiated World War II in Europe with the invasion of Poland in September 1939, and was central to the Holocaust. Adolf Hitler violently purged members of the Sturmabteilung (SA), its leader Ernst Röhm, and other political rivals in the Night of the Long Knives, executing at least 85 people. Adolf Hitler was a German politician, demagogue, and Pan-German revolutionary, who was the leader of the Nazi Party, Chancellor of Germany from 1933 to 1945 and Führer ("Leader") of Nazi Germany from 1934 to 1945. As dictator, Hitler initiated World War II in Europe with the invasion of Poland in September 1939, and was central to the Holocaust.
Adolf Hitler ordered the German air force Luftwaffe reinstated, violating the Treaty of Versailles signed at the end of the First World War. Adolf Hitler was a German politician, demagogue, and Pan-German revolutionary, who was the leader of the Nazi Party, Chancellor of Germany from 1933 to 1945 and Führer ("Leader") of Nazi Germany from 1934 to 1945. As dictator, Hitler initiated World War II in Europe with the invasion of Poland in September 1939, and was central to the Holocaust. Adolf Hitler ordered the German air force Luftwaffe reinstated, violating the Treaty of Versailles signed at the end of the First World War. Adolf Hitler was a German politician, demagogue, and Pan-German revolutionary, who was the leader of the Nazi Party, Chancellor of Germany from 1933 to 1945 and Führer ("Leader") of Nazi Germany from 1934 to 1945. As dictator, Hitler initiated World War II in Europe with the invasion of Poland in September 1939, and was central to the Holocaust.
Edward VIII, desiring to marry American socialite Wallis Simpson against widespread opposition, abdicated the throne, the only British monarch to have voluntarily done so since the Anglo-Saxon period. Edward VIII was King of the United Kingdom and the Dominions of the British Empire, and Emperor of India, from 20 January 1936 until his abdication on 11 December the same year, after which he became the Duke of Windsor. Edward VIII, desiring to marry American socialite Wallis Simpson against widespread opposition, abdicated the throne, the only British monarch to have voluntarily done so since the Anglo-Saxon period. Edward VIII was King of the United Kingdom and the Dominions of the British Empire, and Emperor of India, from 20 January 1936 until his abdication on 11 December the same year, after which he became the Duke of Windsor.
Nearly six months after Edward, Duke of Windsor, abdicated the British throne, he married American socialite Wallis Simpson in a private ceremony near Tours, France. Edward VIII was King of the United Kingdom and the Dominions of the British Empire, and Emperor of India, from 20 January 1936 until his abdication on 11 December the same year, after which he became the Duke of Windsor. Nearly six months after Edward, Duke of Windsor, abdicated the British throne, he married American socialite Wallis Simpson in a private ceremony near Tours, France. Edward VIII was King of the United Kingdom and the Dominions of the British Empire, and Emperor of India, from 20 January 1936 until his abdication on 11 December the same year, after which he became the Duke of Windsor.
Britain, France, Germany and Italy sign the Munich Agreement, allowing Germany to occupy the Sudetenland region of Czechoslovakia. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom (UK) or Britain, is a sovereign country in western Europe. Lying off the north-western coast of the European mainland, the United Kingdom includes the island of Great Britain, the north-eastern part of the island of Ireland and many smaller islands. Northern Ireland is the only part of the United Kingdom that shares a land border with another sovereign state—the Republic of Ireland. Apart from this land border, the United Kingdom is surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean, with the North Sea to its east, the English Channel to its south and the Celtic Sea to its south-south-west, giving it the 12th-longest coastline in the world. The Irish Sea lies between Great Britain and Ireland. With an area of 242,500 square kilometres (93,600 sq mi), the United Kingdom is the 78th-largest sovereign state in the world. It is also the 21st-most populous country, with an estimated 66.0 million inhabitants in 2017. Britain, France, Germany and Italy sign the Munich Agreement, allowing Germany to occupy the Sudetenland region of Czechoslovakia. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom (UK) or Britain, is a sovereign country in western Europe. Lying off the north-western coast of the European mainland, the United Kingdom includes the island of Great Britain, the north-eastern part of the island of Ireland and many smaller islands. Northern Ireland is the only part of the United Kingdom that shares a land border with another sovereign state—the Republic of Ireland. Apart from this land border, the United Kingdom is surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean, with the North Sea to its east, the English Channel to its south and the Celtic Sea to its south-south-west, giving it the 12th-longest coastline in the world. The Irish Sea lies between Great Britain and Ireland. With an area of 242,500 square kilometres (93,600 sq mi), the United Kingdom is the 78th-largest sovereign state in the world. It is also the 21st-most populous country, with an estimated 66.0 million inhabitants in 2017.
World War II: The Battle of the Heligoland Bight, the first major air battle of the war, takes place. World War II, also known as the Second World War, was a global war that lasted from 1939 to 1945, although conflicts reflecting the ideological clash between what would become the Allied and Axis blocs began earlier. The vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—eventually formed two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis. It was the most global war in history; it directly involved more than 100 million people from over 30 countries. In a state of total war, the major participants threw their entire economic, industrial, and scientific capabilities behind the war effort, blurring the distinction between civilian and military resources. World War II was the deadliest conflict in human history, marked by 50 to 85 million fatalities, most of whom were civilians in the Soviet Union and China. It included massacres, the genocide of the Holocaust, strategic bombing, premeditated death from starvation and disease and the only use of nuclear weapons in war. World War II: The Battle of the Heligoland Bight, the first major air battle of the war, takes place. World War II, also known as the Second World War, was a global war that lasted from 1939 to 1945, although conflicts reflecting the ideological clash between what would become the Allied and Axis blocs began earlier. The vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—eventually formed two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis. It was the most global war in history; it directly involved more than 100 million people from over 30 countries. In a state of total war, the major participants threw their entire economic, industrial, and scientific capabilities behind the war effort, blurring the distinction between civilian and military resources. World War II was the deadliest conflict in human history, marked by 50 to 85 million fatalities, most of whom were civilians in the Soviet Union and China. It included massacres, the genocide of the Holocaust, strategic bombing, premeditated death from starvation and disease and the only use of nuclear weapons in war.
World War II: RMS Lancastria is attacked and sunk by the Luftwaffe near Saint-Nazaire, France. At least 3,000 are killed in Britain's worst maritime disaster. World War II, also known as the Second World War, was a global war that lasted from 1939 to 1945, although conflicts reflecting the ideological clash between what would become the Allied and Axis blocs began earlier. The vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—eventually formed two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis. It was the most global war in history; it directly involved more than 100 million people from over 30 countries. In a state of total war, the major participants threw their entire economic, industrial, and scientific capabilities behind the war effort, blurring the distinction between civilian and military resources. World War II was the deadliest conflict in human history, marked by 50 to 85 million fatalities, most of whom were civilians in the Soviet Union and China. It included massacres, the genocide of the Holocaust, strategic bombing, premeditated death from starvation and disease and the only use of nuclear weapons in war. World War II: RMS Lancastria is attacked and sunk by the Luftwaffe near Saint-Nazaire, France. At least 3,000 are killed in Britain's worst maritime disaster. World War II, also known as the Second World War, was a global war that lasted from 1939 to 1945, although conflicts reflecting the ideological clash between what would become the Allied and Axis blocs began earlier. The vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—eventually formed two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis. It was the most global war in history; it directly involved more than 100 million people from over 30 countries. In a state of total war, the major participants threw their entire economic, industrial, and scientific capabilities behind the war effort, blurring the distinction between civilian and military resources. World War II was the deadliest conflict in human history, marked by 50 to 85 million fatalities, most of whom were civilians in the Soviet Union and China. It included massacres, the genocide of the Holocaust, strategic bombing, premeditated death from starvation and disease and the only use of nuclear weapons in war.
World War II: Battle between HMAS Sydney and HSK Kormoran. The two ships sink each other off the coast of Western Australia, with the loss of 645 Australians and about 77 German seamen. World War II, also known as the Second World War, was a global war that lasted from 1939 to 1945, although conflicts reflecting the ideological clash between what would become the Allied and Axis blocs began earlier. The vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—eventually formed two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis. It was the most global war in history; it directly involved more than 100 million people from over 30 countries. In a state of total war, the major participants threw their entire economic, industrial, and scientific capabilities behind the war effort, blurring the distinction between civilian and military resources. World War II was the deadliest conflict in human history, marked by 50 to 85 million fatalities, most of whom were civilians in the Soviet Union and China. It included massacres, the genocide of the Holocaust, strategic bombing, premeditated death from starvation and disease and the only use of nuclear weapons in war. World War II: Battle between HMAS Sydney and HSK Kormoran. The two ships sink each other off the coast of Western Australia, with the loss of 645 Australians and about 77 German seamen. World War II, also known as the Second World War, was a global war that lasted from 1939 to 1945, although conflicts reflecting the ideological clash between what would become the Allied and Axis blocs began earlier. The vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—eventually formed two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis. It was the most global war in history; it directly involved more than 100 million people from over 30 countries. In a state of total war, the major participants threw their entire economic, industrial, and scientific capabilities behind the war effort, blurring the distinction between civilian and military resources. World War II was the deadliest conflict in human history, marked by 50 to 85 million fatalities, most of whom were civilians in the Soviet Union and China. It included massacres, the genocide of the Holocaust, strategic bombing, premeditated death from starvation and disease and the only use of nuclear weapons in war.
Second World War: Japanese forces led by General Tomoyuki Yamashita captured Singapore, the largest surrender of British-led military personnel in history. World War II, also known as the Second World War, was a global war that lasted from 1939 to 1945, although conflicts reflecting the ideological clash between what would become the Allied and Axis blocs began earlier. The vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—eventually formed two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis. It was the most global war in history; it directly involved more than 100 million people from over 30 countries. In a state of total war, the major participants threw their entire economic, industrial, and scientific capabilities behind the war effort, blurring the distinction between civilian and military resources. World War II was the deadliest conflict in human history, marked by 50 to 85 million fatalities, most of whom were civilians in the Soviet Union and China. It included massacres, the genocide of the Holocaust, strategic bombing, premeditated death from starvation and disease and the only use of nuclear weapons in war. Second World War: Japanese forces led by General Tomoyuki Yamashita captured Singapore, the largest surrender of British-led military personnel in history. World War II, also known as the Second World War, was a global war that lasted from 1939 to 1945, although conflicts reflecting the ideological clash between what would become the Allied and Axis blocs began earlier. The vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—eventually formed two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis. It was the most global war in history; it directly involved more than 100 million people from over 30 countries. In a state of total war, the major participants threw their entire economic, industrial, and scientific capabilities behind the war effort, blurring the distinction between civilian and military resources. World War II was the deadliest conflict in human history, marked by 50 to 85 million fatalities, most of whom were civilians in the Soviet Union and China. It included massacres, the genocide of the Holocaust, strategic bombing, premeditated death from starvation and disease and the only use of nuclear weapons in war.
Winston Churchill, Franklin D. Roosevelt, Charles de Gaulle, and Henri Giraud met in Casablanca to plan the Allied European strategy for the next phase of World War II. Sir Winston Leonard Spencer-Churchill was a British politician, army officer, and writer, who was Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1940 to 1945 and again from 1951 to 1955. As Prime Minister, Churchill led Britain to victory in the Second World War. Churchill represented five constituencies during his career as Member of Parliament (MP). Ideologically an economic liberal and British imperialist, he began and ended his parliamentary career as a member of the Conservative Party, which he led from 1940 to 1955, but for twenty years from 1904 he was a prominent member of the Liberal Party. Winston Churchill, Franklin D. Roosevelt, Charles de Gaulle, and Henri Giraud met in Casablanca to plan the Allied European strategy for the next phase of World War II. Sir Winston Leonard Spencer-Churchill was a British politician, army officer, and writer, who was Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1940 to 1945 and again from 1951 to 1955. As Prime Minister, Churchill led Britain to victory in the Second World War. Churchill represented five constituencies during his career as Member of Parliament (MP). Ideologically an economic liberal and British imperialist, he began and ended his parliamentary career as a member of the Conservative Party, which he led from 1940 to 1955, but for twenty years from 1904 he was a prominent member of the Liberal Party.
World War II: Top Ace Major Greg "Pappy" Boyington is shot down in his Vought F4U Corsair by Captain Masajiro Kawato flying a Mitsubishi A6M Zero. World War II, also known as the Second World War, was a global war that lasted from 1939 to 1945, although conflicts reflecting the ideological clash between what would become the Allied and Axis blocs began earlier. The vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—eventually formed two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis. It was the most global war in history; it directly involved more than 100 million people from over 30 countries. In a state of total war, the major participants threw their entire economic, industrial, and scientific capabilities behind the war effort, blurring the distinction between civilian and military resources. World War II was the deadliest conflict in human history, marked by 50 to 85 million fatalities, most of whom were civilians in the Soviet Union and China. It included massacres, the genocide of the Holocaust, strategic bombing, premeditated death from starvation and disease and the only use of nuclear weapons in war. World War II: Top Ace Major Greg "Pappy" Boyington is shot down in his Vought F4U Corsair by Captain Masajiro Kawato flying a Mitsubishi A6M Zero. World War II, also known as the Second World War, was a global war that lasted from 1939 to 1945, although conflicts reflecting the ideological clash between what would become the Allied and Axis blocs began earlier. The vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—eventually formed two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis. It was the most global war in history; it directly involved more than 100 million people from over 30 countries. In a state of total war, the major participants threw their entire economic, industrial, and scientific capabilities behind the war effort, blurring the distinction between civilian and military resources. World War II was the deadliest conflict in human history, marked by 50 to 85 million fatalities, most of whom were civilians in the Soviet Union and China. It included massacres, the genocide of the Holocaust, strategic bombing, premeditated death from starvation and disease and the only use of nuclear weapons in war.
World War II: The siege of Budapest concludes with the unconditional surrender of German and Hungarian forces to the Red Army. World War II, also known as the Second World War, was a global war that lasted from 1939 to 1945, although conflicts reflecting the ideological clash between what would become the Allied and Axis blocs began earlier. The vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—eventually formed two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis. It was the most global war in history; it directly involved more than 100 million people from over 30 countries. In a state of total war, the major participants threw their entire economic, industrial, and scientific capabilities behind the war effort, blurring the distinction between civilian and military resources. World War II was the deadliest conflict in human history, marked by 50 to 85 million fatalities, most of whom were civilians in the Soviet Union and China. It included massacres, the genocide of the Holocaust, strategic bombing, premeditated death from starvation and disease and the only use of nuclear weapons in war. World War II: The siege of Budapest concludes with the unconditional surrender of German and Hungarian forces to the Red Army. World War II, also known as the Second World War, was a global war that lasted from 1939 to 1945, although conflicts reflecting the ideological clash between what would become the Allied and Axis blocs began earlier. The vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—eventually formed two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis. It was the most global war in history; it directly involved more than 100 million people from over 30 countries. In a state of total war, the major participants threw their entire economic, industrial, and scientific capabilities behind the war effort, blurring the distinction between civilian and military resources. World War II was the deadliest conflict in human history, marked by 50 to 85 million fatalities, most of whom were civilians in the Soviet Union and China. It included massacres, the genocide of the Holocaust, strategic bombing, premeditated death from starvation and disease and the only use of nuclear weapons in war.
Freddie Mercury, Tanzanian-English singer-songwriter and producer (d. 1991) Freddie Mercury was a British singer, songwriter and record producer, best known as the lead vocalist of the rock band Queen. He was known for his flamboyant stage persona and four-octave vocal range. Mercury wrote numerous hits for Queen, including "Bohemian Rhapsody", "Killer Queen", "Somebody to Love", "Don't Stop Me Now", "Crazy Little Thing Called Love", and "We Are the Champions". He led a solo career while performing with Queen, and occasionally served as a producer and guest musician for other artists. Freddie Mercury, Tanzanian-English singer-songwriter and producer (d. 1991) Freddie Mercury was a British singer, songwriter and record producer, best known as the lead vocalist of the rock band Queen. He was known for his flamboyant stage persona and four-octave vocal range. Mercury wrote numerous hits for Queen, including "Bohemian Rhapsody", "Killer Queen", "Somebody to Love", "Don't Stop Me Now", "Crazy Little Thing Called Love", and "We Are the Champions". He led a solo career while performing with Queen, and occasionally served as a producer and guest musician for other artists.
The Princess Elizabeth marries Lieutenant Philip Mountbatten, who becomes the Duke of Edinburgh, at Westminster Abbey in London. Elizabeth II is Queen of the United Kingdom and the other Commonwealth realms. The Princess Elizabeth marries Lieutenant Philip Mountbatten, who becomes the Duke of Edinburgh, at Westminster Abbey in London. Elizabeth II is Queen of the United Kingdom and the other Commonwealth realms.
Curley Crawford was 47 years old when Mahatma Gandhi is assassinated by Nathuram Godse, a Hindu extremist. Mahatma Gandhi was assassinated on 30 January 1948 in the compound of Birla House, a large mansion. His assassin was Nathuram Vinayak Godse, a right-wing advocate of Hindu nationalism, a member of the political party the Hindu Mahasabha, and a past member of the Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh (RSS), which he left in 1940 to form an armed organization. Godse had planned the assassination. Mahatma Gandhi is assassinated by Nathuram Godse, a Hindu extremist. Mahatma Gandhi was assassinated on 30 January 1948 in the compound of Birla House, a large mansion. His assassin was Nathuram Vinayak Godse, a right-wing advocate of Hindu nationalism, a member of the political party the Hindu Mahasabha, and a past member of the Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh (RSS), which he left in 1940 to form an armed organization. Godse had planned the assassination.
Pablo Escobar, Colombian drug lord and narcoterrorist (d. 1993) Pablo Emilio Escobar Gaviria was a Colombian drug lord and narcoterrorist. His cartel supplied an estimated 80% of the cocaine smuggled into the United States at the height of his career, turning over US$21.9 billion a year in personal income. He was often called "The King of Cocaine" and was the wealthiest criminal in history, with an estimated known net worth of between US$25 and US$30 billion by the early 1990s, making him one of the richest men in the world in his prime. Pablo Escobar, Colombian drug lord and narcoterrorist (d. 1993) Pablo Emilio Escobar Gaviria was a Colombian drug lord and narcoterrorist. His cartel supplied an estimated 80% of the cocaine smuggled into the United States at the height of his career, turning over US$21.9 billion a year in personal income. He was often called "The King of Cocaine" and was the wealthiest criminal in history, with an estimated known net worth of between US$25 and US$30 billion by the early 1990s, making him one of the richest men in the world in his prime.
India and Pakistan sign the Liaquat–Nehru Pact. India, also called the Republic of India, is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by area, the second-most populous country, and the most populous democracy in the world. It is bounded by the Indian Ocean on the south, the Arabian Sea on the southwest, and the Bay of Bengal on the southeast. It shares land borders with Pakistan to the west; China, Nepal, and Bhutan to the northeast; and Bangladesh and Myanmar to the east. In the Indian Ocean, India is in the vicinity of Sri Lanka and the Maldives. India's Andaman and Nicobar Islands share a maritime border with Thailand and Indonesia. India and Pakistan sign the Liaquat–Nehru Pact. India, also called the Republic of India, is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by area, the second-most populous country, and the most populous democracy in the world. It is bounded by the Indian Ocean on the south, the Arabian Sea on the southwest, and the Bay of Bengal on the southeast. It shares land borders with Pakistan to the west; China, Nepal, and Bhutan to the northeast; and Bangladesh and Myanmar to the east. In the Indian Ocean, India is in the vicinity of Sri Lanka and the Maldives. India's Andaman and Nicobar Islands share a maritime border with Thailand and Indonesia.
After being postponed since 1943 due to World War II, the first Pan American Games opened in Buenos Aires, Argentina. World War II, also known as the Second World War, was a global war that lasted from 1939 to 1945, although conflicts reflecting the ideological clash between what would become the Allied and Axis blocs began earlier. The vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—eventually formed two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis. It was the most global war in history; it directly involved more than 100 million people from over 30 countries. In a state of total war, the major participants threw their entire economic, industrial, and scientific capabilities behind the war effort, blurring the distinction between civilian and military resources. World War II was the deadliest conflict in human history, marked by 50 to 85 million fatalities, most of whom were civilians in the Soviet Union and China. It included massacres, the genocide of the Holocaust, strategic bombing, premeditated death from starvation and disease and the only use of nuclear weapons in war. After being postponed since 1943 due to World War II, the first Pan American Games opened in Buenos Aires, Argentina. World War II, also known as the Second World War, was a global war that lasted from 1939 to 1945, although conflicts reflecting the ideological clash between what would become the Allied and Axis blocs began earlier. The vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—eventually formed two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis. It was the most global war in history; it directly involved more than 100 million people from over 30 countries. In a state of total war, the major participants threw their entire economic, industrial, and scientific capabilities behind the war effort, blurring the distinction between civilian and military resources. World War II was the deadliest conflict in human history, marked by 50 to 85 million fatalities, most of whom were civilians in the Soviet Union and China. It included massacres, the genocide of the Holocaust, strategic bombing, premeditated death from starvation and disease and the only use of nuclear weapons in war.
King George VI of the United Kingdom is buried in St George's Chapel, Windsor Castle. George VI was King of the United Kingdom and the Dominions of the British Commonwealth from 11 December 1936 until his death in 1952. He was the last Emperor of India and the first Head of the Commonwealth. King George VI of the United Kingdom is buried in St George's Chapel, Windsor Castle. George VI was King of the United Kingdom and the Dominions of the British Commonwealth from 11 December 1936 until his death in 1952. He was the last Emperor of India and the first Head of the Commonwealth.
Elizabeth II was crowned Queen of the United Kingdom at Westminster Abbey. Elizabeth II is Queen of the United Kingdom and the other Commonwealth realms. Elizabeth II was crowned Queen of the United Kingdom at Westminster Abbey. Elizabeth II is Queen of the United Kingdom and the other Commonwealth realms.
Curley Crawford was 53 years old when Elvis Presley makes his radio debut when WHBQ Memphis played his first recording for Sun Records, "That's All Right". Elvis Aaron Presley was an American singer and actor. Regarded as one of the most significant cultural icons of the 20th century, he is often referred to as the "King of Rock and Roll" or simply "the King". Elvis Presley makes his radio debut when WHBQ Memphis played his first recording for Sun Records, "That's All Right". Elvis Aaron Presley was an American singer and actor. Regarded as one of the most significant cultural icons of the 20th century, he is often referred to as the "King of Rock and Roll" or simply "the King".
Winston Churchill resigns as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom amid indications of failing health. Sir Winston Leonard Spencer-Churchill was a British politician, army officer, and writer, who was Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1940 to 1945 and again from 1951 to 1955. As Prime Minister, Churchill led Britain to victory in the Second World War. Churchill represented five constituencies during his career as Member of Parliament (MP). Ideologically an economic liberal and British imperialist, he began and ended his parliamentary career as a member of the Conservative Party, which he led from 1940 to 1955, but for twenty years from 1904 he was a prominent member of the Liberal Party. Winston Churchill resigns as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom amid indications of failing health. Sir Winston Leonard Spencer-Churchill was a British politician, army officer, and writer, who was Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1940 to 1945 and again from 1951 to 1955. As Prime Minister, Churchill led Britain to victory in the Second World War. Churchill represented five constituencies during his career as Member of Parliament (MP). Ideologically an economic liberal and British imperialist, he began and ended his parliamentary career as a member of the Conservative Party, which he led from 1940 to 1955, but for twenty years from 1904 he was a prominent member of the Liberal Party.
Anthony Bourdain, American chef and author (d. 2018) Anthony Michael Bourdain was an American celebrity chef, author, travel documentarian, and television personality who starred in programs focusing on the exploration of international culture, cuisine, and the human condition. He was considered one of the most influential chefs in the world. Anthony Bourdain, American chef and author (d. 2018) Anthony Michael Bourdain was an American celebrity chef, author, travel documentarian, and television personality who starred in programs focusing on the exploration of international culture, cuisine, and the human condition. He was considered one of the most influential chefs in the world.
Curley Crawford was 56 years old when Space Race: Launch of Sputnik 1, the first artificial satellite to orbit the Earth. The Space Race refers to the 20th-century competition between two Cold War rivals, the Soviet Union (USSR) and the United States (US), for dominance in spaceflight capability. It had its origins in the missile-based nuclear arms race between the two nations that occurred following World War II, aided by captured German missile technology and personnel from the Aggregat program. The technological superiority required for such dominance was seen as necessary for national security, and symbolic of ideological superiority. The Space Race spawned pioneering efforts to launch artificial satellites, uncrewed space probes of the Moon, Venus, and Mars, and human spaceflight in low Earth orbit and to the Moon. Space Race: Launch of Sputnik 1, the first artificial satellite to orbit the Earth. The Space Race refers to the 20th-century competition between two Cold War rivals, the Soviet Union (USSR) and the United States (US), for dominance in spaceflight capability. It had its origins in the missile-based nuclear arms race between the two nations that occurred following World War II, aided by captured German missile technology and personnel from the Aggregat program. The technological superiority required for such dominance was seen as necessary for national security, and symbolic of ideological superiority. The Space Race spawned pioneering efforts to launch artificial satellites, uncrewed space probes of the Moon, Venus, and Mars, and human spaceflight in low Earth orbit and to the Moon.
Michael Jackson, American singer-songwriter, producer, dancer, and actor (d. 2009) Michael Joseph Jackson was an American singer, songwriter, and dancer. Dubbed the "King of Pop", he was one of the most popular entertainers in the world, and was the best-selling music artist during the year of his death. Jackson's contributions to music, dance, and fashion along with his publicized personal life made him a global figure in popular culture for over four decades. Michael Jackson, American singer-songwriter, producer, dancer, and actor (d. 2009) Michael Joseph Jackson was an American singer, songwriter, and dancer. Dubbed the "King of Pop", he was one of the most popular entertainers in the world, and was the best-selling music artist during the year of his death. Jackson's contributions to music, dance, and fashion along with his publicized personal life made him a global figure in popular culture for over four decades.
Kevin Spacey, American actor and director Kevin Spacey Fowler is an American actor, producer and singer. He began his career as a stage actor during the 1980s before obtaining supporting roles in film and television. He gained critical acclaim in the 1990s that culminated in his first Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor for the neo-noir crime thriller The Usual Suspects (1995) and an Academy Award for Best Actor for the midlife crisis-themed drama American Beauty (1999). Kevin Spacey, American actor and director Kevin Spacey Fowler is an American actor, producer and singer. He began his career as a stage actor during the 1980s before obtaining supporting roles in film and television. He gained critical acclaim in the 1990s that culminated in his first Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor for the neo-noir crime thriller The Usual Suspects (1995) and an Academy Award for Best Actor for the midlife crisis-themed drama American Beauty (1999).
Jeffrey Dahmer, American serial killer (d. 1994) Jeffrey Lionel Dahmer, also known as the Milwaukee Cannibal or the Milwaukee Monster, was an American serial killer and sex offender, who committed the rape, murder, and dismemberment of 17 men and boys from 1978 to 1991. Many of his later murders involved necrophilia, cannibalism, and the permanent preservation of body parts — typically all or part of the skeleton. Jeffrey Dahmer, American serial killer (d. 1994) Jeffrey Lionel Dahmer, also known as the Milwaukee Cannibal or the Milwaukee Monster, was an American serial killer and sex offender, who committed the rape, murder, and dismemberment of 17 men and boys from 1978 to 1991. Many of his later murders involved necrophilia, cannibalism, and the permanent preservation of body parts — typically all or part of the skeleton.
Diana, Princess of Wales (d. 1997) Diana, Princess of Wales was a member of the British royal family. She was the first wife of Charles, Prince of Wales, the heir apparent to the British throne, and the mother of Prince William, Duke of Cambridge, and Prince Harry, Duke of Sussex. Diana, Princess of Wales (d. 1997) Diana, Princess of Wales was a member of the British royal family. She was the first wife of Charles, Prince of Wales, the heir apparent to the British throne, and the mother of Prince William, Duke of Cambridge, and Prince Harry, Duke of Sussex.
Tom Cruise, American actor and producer Thomas Cruise Mapother IV is an American actor and producer. He started his career at age 19 in the film Endless Love (1981), before making his breakthrough in the comedy Risky Business (1983) and receiving widespread attention for starring in the action drama Top Gun (1986) as Lieutenant Pete "Maverick" Mitchell. After starring in The Color of Money (1986) and Cocktail (1988), Cruise starred opposite Dustin Hoffman in the Academy Award for Best Picture-winning drama Rain Man. For his role as anti-war activist Ron Kovic in the drama Born on the Fourth of July (1989), Cruise received the Golden Globe Award for Best Actor – Motion Picture Drama and his first Academy Award for Best Actor nomination. Tom Cruise, American actor and producer Thomas Cruise Mapother IV is an American actor and producer. He started his career at age 19 in the film Endless Love (1981), before making his breakthrough in the comedy Risky Business (1983) and receiving widespread attention for starring in the action drama Top Gun (1986) as Lieutenant Pete "Maverick" Mitchell. After starring in The Color of Money (1986) and Cocktail (1988), Cruise starred opposite Dustin Hoffman in the Academy Award for Best Picture-winning drama Rain Man. For his role as anti-war activist Ron Kovic in the drama Born on the Fourth of July (1989), Cruise received the Golden Globe Award for Best Actor – Motion Picture Drama and his first Academy Award for Best Actor nomination.
Michael Jordan, American basketball player and actor Michael Jeffrey Jordan, also known by his initials, MJ, is an American former professional basketball player. He played 15 seasons in the National Basketball Association (NBA) for the Chicago Bulls and Washington Wizards. His biography on the official NBA website states: "By acclamation, Michael Jordan is the greatest basketball player of all time." Jordan was one of the most effectively marketed athletes of his generation and was considered instrumental in popularizing the NBA around the world in the 1980s and 1990s. He is currently the principal owner and chairman of the NBA's Charlotte Hornets. Michael Jordan, American basketball player and actor Michael Jeffrey Jordan, also known by his initials, MJ, is an American former professional basketball player. He played 15 seasons in the National Basketball Association (NBA) for the Chicago Bulls and Washington Wizards. His biography on the official NBA website states: "By acclamation, Michael Jordan is the greatest basketball player of all time." Jordan was one of the most effectively marketed athletes of his generation and was considered instrumental in popularizing the NBA around the world in the 1980s and 1990s. He is currently the principal owner and chairman of the NBA's Charlotte Hornets.
Curley Crawford was 63 years old when Martin Luther King Jr. received the Nobel Peace Prize for combating racial inequality through nonviolence. Martin Luther King Jr. was an American Baptist minister and activist who became the most visible spokesperson and leader in the civil rights movement from 1954 until his death in 1968. Born in Atlanta, King is best known for advancing civil rights through nonviolence and civil disobedience, tactics his Christian beliefs and the nonviolent activism of Mahatma Gandhi helped inspire. Martin Luther King Jr. received the Nobel Peace Prize for combating racial inequality through nonviolence. Martin Luther King Jr. was an American Baptist minister and activist who became the most visible spokesperson and leader in the civil rights movement from 1954 until his death in 1968. Born in Atlanta, King is best known for advancing civil rights through nonviolence and civil disobedience, tactics his Christian beliefs and the nonviolent activism of Mahatma Gandhi helped inspire.
Curley Crawford was 64 years old when Thirty-five hundred United States Marines are the first American land combat forces committed during the Vietnam War. The United States Marine Corps (USMC), also referred to as the United States Marines, is a branch of the United States Armed Forces responsible for conducting amphibious operations with the United States Navy. The U.S. Marine Corps is one of the four armed service branches in the U.S. Department of Defense (DoD) and one of the seven uniformed services of the United States. Thirty-five hundred United States Marines are the first American land combat forces committed during the Vietnam War. The United States Marine Corps (USMC), also referred to as the United States Marines, is a branch of the United States Armed Forces responsible for conducting amphibious operations with the United States Navy. The U.S. Marine Corps is one of the four armed service branches in the U.S. Department of Defense (DoD) and one of the seven uniformed services of the United States.
Queen Elizabeth II opened the Severn Bridge, hailing it as the dawn of a new economic era for South Wales. Elizabeth II is Queen of the United Kingdom and the other Commonwealth realms. Queen Elizabeth II opened the Severn Bridge, hailing it as the dawn of a new economic era for South Wales. Elizabeth II is Queen of the United Kingdom and the other Commonwealth realms.
Jennifer Aniston, American actress and producer Jennifer Joanna Aniston is an American actress, film producer, and businessperson. She is the daughter of Greek-born actor John Aniston and American actress Nancy Dow. Aniston gained worldwide recognition for portraying Rachel Green on the television sitcom Friends (1994–2004), a role which earned her a Primetime Emmy Award, a Golden Globe Award, and a Screen Actors Guild Award. The character was widely popular during the airing of the series and was later recognized as one of the greatest female characters in American television. Jennifer Aniston, American actress and producer Jennifer Joanna Aniston is an American actress, film producer, and businessperson. She is the daughter of Greek-born actor John Aniston and American actress Nancy Dow. Aniston gained worldwide recognition for portraying Rachel Green on the television sitcom Friends (1994–2004), a role which earned her a Primetime Emmy Award, a Golden Globe Award, and a Screen Actors Guild Award. The character was widely popular during the airing of the series and was later recognized as one of the greatest female characters in American television.
Charles Manson goes on trial for the Sharon Tate murders. Charles Milles Manson was an American criminal, cult leader, and singer-songwriter. In the late 1960s, he formed what became known as the Manson Family, a quasi-commune in California. Manson's followers committed a series of nine murders at four locations in July and August 1969. In 1971, he was convicted of first-degree murder and conspiracy to commit murder for the deaths of seven people, all of which members of the group carried out at his instruction. Manson was also convicted of first-degree murder for two other deaths. Charles Manson goes on trial for the Sharon Tate murders. Charles Milles Manson was an American criminal, cult leader, and singer-songwriter. In the late 1960s, he formed what became known as the Manson Family, a quasi-commune in California. Manson's followers committed a series of nine murders at four locations in July and August 1969. In 1971, he was convicted of first-degree murder and conspiracy to commit murder for the deaths of seven people, all of which members of the group carried out at his instruction. Manson was also convicted of first-degree murder for two other deaths.
Charles Manson and three female "Family" members are found guilty of the 1969 Tate–LaBianca murders. Charles Milles Manson was an American criminal, cult leader, and singer-songwriter. In the late 1960s, he formed what became known as the Manson Family, a quasi-commune in California. Manson's followers committed a series of nine murders at four locations in July and August 1969. In 1971, he was convicted of first-degree murder and conspiracy to commit murder for the deaths of seven people, all of which members of the group carried out at his instruction. Manson was also convicted of first-degree murder for two other deaths. Charles Manson and three female "Family" members are found guilty of the 1969 Tate–LaBianca murders. Charles Milles Manson was an American criminal, cult leader, and singer-songwriter. In the late 1960s, he formed what became known as the Manson Family, a quasi-commune in California. Manson's followers committed a series of nine murders at four locations in July and August 1969. In 1971, he was convicted of first-degree murder and conspiracy to commit murder for the deaths of seven people, all of which members of the group carried out at his instruction. Manson was also convicted of first-degree murder for two other deaths.
Curley Crawford was 71 years old when Munich massacre: Nine Israeli athletes die (along with a German policeman) at the hands of the Palestinian "Black September" terrorist group after being taken hostage at the Munich Olympic Games. Two other Israeli athletes were slain in the initial attack the previous day. The Munich massacre was an attack during the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich, West Germany, in which the Palestinian terrorist group Black September took eleven Israeli Olympic team members hostage and killed them along with a West German police officer. Munich massacre: Nine Israeli athletes die (along with a German policeman) at the hands of the Palestinian "Black September" terrorist group after being taken hostage at the Munich Olympic Games. Two other Israeli athletes were slain in the initial attack the previous day. The Munich massacre was an attack during the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich, West Germany, in which the Palestinian terrorist group Black September took eleven Israeli Olympic team members hostage and killed them along with a West German police officer.
Curley Crawford died on 29 Sep 1973
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Talks at the Square with Nobel Prize Winner Frances Arnold: How excellence in science impacts innovation
At the event, you can experience an exciting discussion between BioInnovation Institute’s CEO, Jens Nielsen and Dr. Arnold about how excellence in science impacts innovation. They will touch upon topics like the importance of mentorship in science, how you ensure excellence, and why translation of science is important.
Dr. Arnold is a devoted scientist and entrepreneur. Apart from her impressing academic career, she has founded two companies, is the co-inventor on over 40 patents and has functioned as a corporate advisor for a number of large companies, and is a part of the corporate board of the genomics company Illumina Inc..
Program of the day:
14.30-15.00 Doors open
15.00-15.05 Introduction by Jens Nielsen, CEO of BioInnovation Institute
15.05-15.45 Interview of Dr. Frances Arnold by Jens Nielsen
15.45-16.00 Q&A session
16.00-16.45 Informal networking and closing reception.
Please note, that the event has free admittance with 100 tickets available. Please sign up quickly to secure your seat.
About Dr. Frances Arnold
Arnold was born on July 25, 1956, in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. She received her undergraduate degree in mechanical and aerospace engineering from Princeton University in 1979 and her graduate degree in chemical engineering from UC Berkeley in 1985. She joined Caltech as a visiting associate in 1986 and was named professor in 1996. In 2000, she was named the Dick and Barbara Dickinson Professor of Chemical Engineering, Bioengineering and Biochemistry; she became the Linus Pauling Professor in 2017. In 2013, she became the director of the Donna and Benjamin M. Rosen Bioengineering Center at Caltech. She has received numerous awards, including the Millennium Prize. In 2018, she was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry for “the directed evolution of enzymes”, making her the fifth woman to receive the award in its 117 years of existence, and the first American woman.
About the Talks on the Square event series
‘Talks on the Square’ is an event series by BioInnovation Institute (BII) with a key focus on spreading ideas and knowledge in life science entrepreneurship to inspire researchers to bring science out of the lab and into the economy. The events feature high-level international speakers with topics that emphasize innovations and inspirational topics within biotech, medtech and pharma. Talks on the Square are hosted at The Square event space of the BII facilities in Copenhagen Bio Science Park (COBIS) in Copenhagen.
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Impact Of Electric Vehicles Essay
1 Literature Review
The review presented in this chapter outlines the integration of electric vehicles with the electricity generated from wind energy to improve jurisdictions energy security and to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. The first section discusses wind as a renewable energy source and its share in future global energy mix to meet the increased electricity demand while still reducing greenhouse gas emissions. The second section explains the fundamentals of different types of electric vehicles and describes the research related to the impact of electrification of vehicles in transportation sector. The final section summarizes the findings presented in existing literature related to the potential environmental impact of the electric vehicles using the regional wind generated electricity to address greenhouse gas emissions and to improve energy security.
1.1 Renewable Energy
In the recent years, the global demand for energy is rapidly growing with increasing human population, urbanization and modernization (Asif & Muneer, 2008). According to the IEA’s World Energy Outlook (WEO), the global primary energy demand is projected to increase by 35 percent from 2008 to 2035 (IEA, 2011). Today, fossil fuels – notably oil, gas and coal accounts for majority share of primary energy supply and it will remain to be dominant energy sources to meet the global energy demand in 2035. However, the share of fossil fuels sources in global primary energy mix will decline to 74 % in 2035 compared over 81% in 2008 (IEA, 2011). Furthermore, the share of renewables to energy growth is likely to be increased from 5% (1990-2010) to 18% (2010-2030) (BP, 2011).
Renewable energy sources include solar, wind, biomass, hydro, geothermal and wave and tidal energy. It is a clean energy source and available in abundant, inexhaustible and environmental friendly compared to the conventional fossil energy sources. According to Energy Information Administration (EIA), renewable energy can be defined as energy resources that are naturally replenished in a relatively short period of time (EIA, 2011). In the recent past years, renewable energy – mainly wind is considered as the solution to the growing global energy challenges while still reducing greenhouse gas emissions (Kessides, 2011) .
1.1.1 Wind Energy
Our Earth is unevenly heated by sun; it’s mainly due to the irregularities of the earth’s surface (i.e. land and water). As soon as the sun rays reaches earth, it converts the light into heat energy (solar energy). The region’s near the equator receives more of the sun energy (i.e., solar energy) than the North and South poles. During the day time, the air above land mass gets warm up quickly compared over the air above the water surface. This heat on the earth’s surface warms the air in the atmosphere. The uneven heating of atmosphere by sun and the rotation of earth cause the movement of air which is called as “Wind” (WindEnergyEIS, n.d.).
Today, wind energy has...
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2792 words - 11 pages era in the vehicles history.Initial hydrogen, fuel cell and pure electric vehicles were not much successful as they were all very expensive and not very efficient. The true electric vehicles did not have the required standards of an American car buyer because they cost a lot, around US$ 30,000 on a compact car, and the batteries were not able to run the car for a long distance before recharging it.However, the new innovative hybrid electric
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1785 words - 8 pages Four decades ago gas was on the double digits. Well now you don't have to worry about buying gas , With an electrical vehicle. The first electric car was operated in the 80s. Electrical car were popular in the late 19th century and the early 20th century, until advances in the internal combustion engine technology mass production was cheaper, Than gasoline vehicles led to the decline in the use of electric drive vehicles, The energy crisis of
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Oliver Cromwell: A Man Of Conviction
Between the dates of 1 October, 1938 and 10 October, 1938 the northern and western border regions of Czechoslovakia, known as the Sudetenland, were ceded to the Third Reich of Germany via the Munich Agreement. The desire in France, the United Kingdom and Czechoslovakia to avoid war with Germany led to a policy of appeasement. Through a series of meetings a consensus was reached, led by Neville Chamberlain, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, which specified that Sudeten Germans had a legitimate complaint and Germany’s expansionistic intentions did not reach beyond the Sudetenland. That it was an attempt to avoid a second war with Germany is not in question; however, what is in question is whether or not the United Kingdom, France and Czechoslovakia could have prevented a German military incursion into the Sudetenland and if so would it not have been the wisest option? The answer is twofold. Not only was the United Kingdom unprepared for a Second World War at the time of the Sudeten Crisis but had they attempted to militarily prevent Germany from annexing the Sudetenland it would have greatly hindered their own ability to defend the United Kingdom itself. There were, however, other alternatives to Britain taking a leading position in a war against Germany. Had the United Kingdom stood with France in the west while Czechoslovakia stood strong on their borders in the east it is decidedly possible that the Sudetenland would have stayed under Czech control; moreover, it very well may have averted the Second World War altogether.
Prior to the Second World War the British and German militaries were studies in contrast. The British military was a small, professional army designed to win quick victories using mobility and technology over firepower. By contrast the German military, which had been rearming itself since 1933, had grown to triple its former size. By March of 1935 Hitler and the Nazi regime were openly flouting the terms of the Versailles treaty building its army to thirty six divisions. The United Kingdom only had nine. The preceding numbers alone are a recipe for disaster from a British point of view; furthermore, Britain had only made minimal efforts in increasing the size and readiness of its army despite the massive German rearmament program and its use during the Spanish Civil War (1936-1938). Frank McDonough writes, “In November of 1935 the DRC produced a secret report on the condition and requirements of Britain’s national defense. It concluded that Britain was not only incapable of defeating a combination of Germany, Italy and Japan in a future war, but incapable of defending its own cities from a German air attack.” Faced with a rearming and expansion minded Germany, as well as, a woefully unprepared military Neville Chamberlain and the British government chose the course of appeasement in the hopes that it would lead to a peaceful settlement.
While Britain chose to pursue an appeasement policy in regards to the Sudeten...
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1144 words - 5 pages A Man of Greatness Philip Rivers is undoubtedly a man with extreme talent. An NFL quarterback who is underestimated and underrated. Neither Philip Rivers nor the Chargers have received a Super Bowl win; should that take away from the countless awards and records he has broken? Does a Super Bowl make or break a player’s true status? {THESIS} The History of Philip Rivers Philip Rivers was born on December 8, 1981 in Decatur, Alabama. A
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2499 words - 10 pages began to see what people were capable of doing. Anyone who moved through those years without understanding that man produces evil as a bee produces honey, must have been blind or wrong in the head." ("Sir William Gerald Golding." 2014.). Golding promptly returned to his teaching and writing in 1945, where he shortly began writing Lord of the Flies. Utilizing influence from both his experiences in the war and his experiences from teaching unruly
Vanity Of A Man
1510 words - 7 pages be vain.” (Wilde, 79). Dorian has not a care in the world for anybody, but only for himself. Oscar Wilde also shows the vanity of a man as a theme through Lord Henry’s personality as well. Lord Henry is just as wicked as Dorian, possibly even worse. Lord Henry does not care about Sibyl Vane and that she is dead. It does not bother Lord Henry that Dorian was the reason behind Sibyl’s suicide when he says to Dorian, “Some one has killed herself
A Tale of One Man
1084 words - 4 pages . He was born on February 7, 1812 in Portsmouth, England (“Charles Dickens” 1). He was the second-born of ten children, of which two died in infancy (Ayer 13). When Dickens was twelve, his father, John Dickens, was sent to jail because of all his debts. Because his father was no longer there to support his family, Dickens had to drop out of school and begin work at a boot-blacking factory. Having said goodbye to his childhood at such a young age, he
Shades of a White Man
1418 words - 6 pages “What a piece of work is a man, how noble in reason, how infinite in faculties, in form and moving how express and admirable, in action how like an angel, in apprehension how like a god.” (Shakespeare) Humans were born pure, humble and humane. Politics, science, conflicts and the innate desire for dominance change who we are, and who we ultimately aspire to be. The culture we are born into, too, affects who we are in a rather dramatic way; it
Conscience of a Guilty Man
2212 words - 9 pages early death (1617). One of Poe’s most famous short stories and a classic of the Gothic fiction generation is "The Tell-Tale Heart" first published in 1843, in the Pioneer magazine (Shmoop). Poe takes readers into a dark tale about an unnamed narrator who tells a story who claims he is sane, but murders and old man because of his pale blue eye. Edgar Allan Poe accentuates the feeling of guilt through his obsessive behavior, point of view, vivid
Head of a Young Man
1379 words - 6 pages elements within this portrait all are noteworthy in the sculpture contributing toward the creation of this artwork. This piece with will be analyzed first from a general overview and then the features moving from the top then moving to the base of the portrait. Due to the Head of a Young Man not being on display, this analysis will be solely from a picture. The portrait is made of sandstone and like its namesake is the golden tan color of sand
Oliver Cromwell A Hero Not A Villain
847 words - 3 pages Was Oliver Cromwell a hero or a villain? I think Oliver Cromwell was a hero. He was good – hearted and ambitious, and he wanted England to be at it’s best with no corruption and unfair methods. He thought Charles was not doing the right thing, so he worked hard and got him executed. Oliver Cromwell was a Member of Parliament (MP) and was against king Charles and his ways, so he worked hard and got the king executed. After that, he got
Historians' Changing Opinions Of Oliver Cromwell
1137 words - 5 pages Oliver Cromwell was a well known military dictator. He helped the Parliamentarians win the First Civil War and was named Lord Protector. He died in 1658 but many people still remember him as one of the best leaders in history although others believe he was a harsh tyrant and always wanted too much power for himself. Throughout the years, numerous historians have changed their views on whether he was a good leader or not. This work will look at
Oliver Cromwell A Hero For Some But A Villian For Many
866 words - 4 pages , Cromwell’s beliefs and his motives. Oliver Cromwell’s religious belief was one of the most important influences on his doings and shaped his way of thinking immensely. Cromwell was a highly religious man and member of Puritans. Basically, the word “Puritan” means that its followers had a pure soul and lived a good and hardworking life according to what was written in the bible. Cromwell was of the opinion that everybody else in England should share
Oliver Cromwell, Lord Protector Of The Commonwealth Of England, Scottland, And Ireland
2127 words - 9 pages Oliver Cromwell, Lord Protector of the Commonwealth of England, Scotland and Ireland, was a driven man. Cromwell was driven by his Puritan faith and the desire to see that faith sweep through all of the Commonwealth. Elected to Parliament for the first time in 1628 and then again in 1640 to both the Short and Long Parliaments. A Parliamentarian during the English Civil Wars, he was rapidly promoted to command in the New Model Army. Righteous and
Donald Bloxham's The Final Solution: A Genocide
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About Buffalo Choral Arts Society
BCAS performs at the 36th Annual Buffalo Music Hall of Fame Induction Ceremony, becoming the first chorus ever to be inducted into the prestigious organization.
The Buffalo Music Hall of Fame announces that Buffalo Choral Arts Society will be inducted into the Hall of Fame in October of 2018.
BCAS’s 50th Anniversary Season culminated in a once-in-a-lifetime concert featuring world-renowned composer and conductor Dr. Z. Randall Stroope as guest conductor. The concert featured the premiere performance of O Lux Beatissima, specially commissioned in honor of the chorus’s 50th Anniversary.
BCAS members perform with Foreigner live at Seneca Niagara Casino.
BCAS began its 50th Anniversary Season. True to founder Robert Schulz’s dream of creating an “everyman’s chorus”, Buffalo Choral Arts Society includes singers from all walks of life who share the love of coming together to make outstanding choral music.
The chorus embarked on a concert tour in New York City surrounding the July 4th holiday. BCAS performed at famous NYC landmarks, including St. Patrick’s Cathedral, the Cathedral of St. John the Divine and the United Nations. They capped off the tour with a stirring performance at the Statue of Liberty on the 4th of July.
BCAS launched its first American concert tour with performances in Washington, D.C. The choir was the first secular chorus ever invited to sing a Choral Evensong Service in the Washington National Cathedral. The ensemble also had the privilege of performing for our wounded soldiers at Walter Reed Army Hospital, as well as on the Kennedy Center Millennium Stage.
The chorus traveled north to Quebec City on a Canadian tour that concluded with a concert at the world-renowned Basilica of St. Anne de Beaupré.
BCAS was invited, along with other choirs, to sing John Rutter’s Mass of the Children at Carnegie Hall under the direction of the composer.
BCAS toured in the Provence Region of France and in Barcelona, Spain.
The chorus performed in Salzburg and Vienna, Austria, as well as in Prague, capital city of the Czech Republic.
BCAS members toured in Europe, performing in Dublin, London, Paris and in Normandy at the American Cemetery and Memorial.
BCAS performed its first Christmas concert, a tradition that has grown in popularity through the years. BCAS now performs three separate Christmas concerts at different venues in WNY.
Marcia A. Giambrone was selected to be the new conductor and music director and continued the chorus’ commitment to performing great choral works and classic choral literature.
After the passing of Robert Schulz, the chorus was reorganized as a separate, not-for-profit community chorus and John Ricca became the conductor.
BCAS was founded by the late Robert F. Schulz, a native Buffalonian who was a teacher, musician and conductor of national renown.
Buffalo Choral Arts Society
For over 50 years, Buffalo Choral Arts Society has been performing a mix of music that ranges from holiday sacred and secular selections to classical choral literature to pop and Broadway favorites. We strive to bring our sound to all corners of our region and have served as Western New York’s choral ambassadors, touring both internationally and in the U.S.
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Flames listening to first-year head coach Peters, bought in 'from Day 1'
Kristen Anderson, PostmediaMore from Kristen Anderson, Postmedia
Updated: April 23, 2019 6:40 PM MDT
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Flames GM Treliving calculating equations with impending contracts for Tkachuk, Rittich, Bennett
The conversation could have been innocuous, a ‘How are ya, get ready to play, tonight’s a big one,’-kind of pre-game pump-up that occurs between a coach and a player at morning skate.
It could have been all positive.
But, given James Neal’s struggles and the way head coach Bill Peters ran his bench with the Calgary Flames this season — and from what was caught by a local cameraman at the Pepsi Center prior to Game 3 last week, things looked heated — it likely wasn’t that type of conversation, especially considering Neal was healthy scratched in Game 5.
The interaction was lost in the aftermath of the team’s first-round playoff exit and the days that followed, including Monday’s final media availability. But the moment, between player and coach, was just a microcosm of the level of communication required to manage professional athletes. It’s not always easy or comfortable. It can be contentious.
For Peters though, according to Flames general manager Brad Treliving, this was one of his strengths.
“He’s a very direct guy,” Treliving said on Monday when asked to evaluate the head coach in his first season employed by the team. “There’s not a lot of grey with Bill. He was talking to the players (Monday), they know where they stand with him, the expectation … and he pushes people. He’s able to do it in a way that is the right way to deal with today’s athlete.
“But, make no mistake, he’s in your face and he’s pushing. Regardless of who you are, if the results aren’t there, things will change.”
Peters was hired on April 23, 2018 — exactly a year ago on Tuesday. It was the worst kept secret to come out of 555 Saddledome Rise SE; Treliving always wanted Peters from the get-go. He was the only one interviewed for the job.
The 54-year-old from Three Hills, Alta., took over a Flames team that had missed the playoffs, lacked discipline, and desperately needed structure both defensively and offensively. Peters talked about their young core; how it was a group capable of “accomplishing some big things.”
Depending on who you talk to this week, they accomplished some big things in 2018-19. In retrospect, it might have all come a little earlier than anticipated for this group but ultimately, they didn’t get past the first round of the post-season and that will be the salt lingering in the wounds this off-season for the head coach.
“The biggest thing is we have to learn from it, right?” said Peters. “I thought we had a pretty good regular season. I think we are in better shape than we were 12 months ago. Now all we have to do is get ready to come back and do better, individually and collectively. The sting you feel right now has to be something that stays with you a little bit. So, you’re having a Thursday afternoon workout — and you’re kind of not into it in August, you should have some motivation.”
Calgary Flames head coach Bill Peters talks with media after the team cleaned out their lockers on Monday April 22, 2019. Gavin Young/Postmedia
Peters and his coaching staff, which included the additions of associate coach Geoff Ward and defensive boss Ryan Huska, buttoned down the team’s overall defence (they averaged 28.1 shots against per game, the lowest in the NHL during the regular season). They also increased their offence, scoring an average of 3.52 goals per game (tied for second with the San Jose Sharks) and had a plus-62 goal differential which was the second-best in the league.
“I think he’s very detailed in the style of play, from a technical standpoint, he’s a very structured coach,” Treliving said. “Again, you look at some of the things — we gave up the least amount of shots. We generated a lot and gave up a little.
“A lot of that is personnel and a lot of that is structure, and how, system-wise, we play.”
There was also the behind-the-scenes impact of Peters and how he was able to motivate his group, and maximizing their potential. It’ll be the reason why he might be on the ballot for the NHL’s Jack Adams Trophy, given annually to the NHL’s head coach of the year which is largely based on the regular season.
Three players, Derek Ryan, Elias Lindholm and Noah Hanifin, had already played for him with the Carolina Hurricanes — and, in Ryan’s case, dating all the way back to their Western Hockey League days in Spokane — so they knew what to expect.
But Matthew Tkachuk had only been coached by Glen Gulutzan, Calgary’s coach from 2016-18, at the NHL level.
“I thought he was very demanding, in a good way,” said the Flames forward. “He came in, and we started in China which was different for everybody — not everybody knew each other … he did a good job of demanding (work ethic) from us right from the start. The way he was (coaching), it was a lot different than from some of the other coaches. In some games, he really buckled down and maybe played two or three lines — that was something that was different than some of the other coaches, the way he’d shorten the bench as soon as he wanted.
“I thought he did a good job and was good for us this year.”
Travis Hamonic agreed.
“Awesome,” said the Flames defenceman. “I think Bill is a great coach. He obviously commands a lot of respect. I can’t say enough good things about our coaching staff, obviously was a big change-over. I think, from Day 1, they did an amazing job right from China in implementing the system and knowing exactly how we had to play and he wanted us to play.
“When we started executing his system, we started rolling this year.”
So, after almost exactly 365 days, Peters has them listening to what he has to say.
“I think he’s got into their ear,” Treliving said. “They respect him. If they aren’t going well or they’re not playing a lot, he’s great and up-front in telling them why and how they can be better. I think that honesty is a big piece of it. And he’s a real smart hockey man, he gives them a plan to be successful.
“From Day 1, they bought into it.”
kanderson@postmedia.com
www.twitter.com/KDotAnderson
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Associate or Full Professor (WOT) - Department of Pediatrics/The Center for Child Health, Behavior and Development (CHBD)
The University of Washington, Department of Pediatrics, invites applications for a full time Associate Professor without tenure or Full Professor without tenure, commensurate with experience and qualifications. This is a 12-month service period position with an anticipated start date of Summer 2019.
This position provides an opportunity to work at The Center for Child Health, Behavior, and Development (CHBD) at Seattle Children's Research Institute. Applicants will be eligible for faculty appointment at the University of Washington and will join a diverse group of highly collaborative research scientists at CHBD with expertise in pediatrics, health services research, psychiatry, psychology, biostatics, and epidemiology. All University of Washington faculty engage in teaching, research and service.
About University of Washington
Founded in 1861, the University of Washington is one of the oldest public institutions in the west coast and one of the preeminent research universities in the world. The University of Washington is a multi-campus university comprised of three different campuses: Seattle, Tacoma, and Bothell. The Seattle campus is made up of sixteen schools and colleges that serve students ranging from an undergraduate level to a doctoral level. The university is home to world-class libraries, arts, music, drama, and sports, as well as the highest quality medical care in Washington State and a world-class academic medical center. The teaching and research of the University’s many professional schools provide undergraduate and graduate students the education necessary toward achieving an excellence that will serve the state, the region, and the nation. As part of a large and diverse community, the University of Washington serves more students than any other institution in the Northwest.
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Spotlight: Unsung Hero Jocelyn Brown
by nbarnes on May 27, 2014 Read in
When Jocelyn Brown appeared at a recent Manhattan street party in celebration of legendary Paradise Garage DJ Larry Levan, thousands of revelers were reminded of her enduring vocal power. Although her name remains mostly unknown outside R&B and club music circles, she has appeared on literally hundreds of records — sometimes under her own name, sometimes in the background, and quite often as the centerpiece of countless producers’ studio projects.
She’s been doing all this since the late ’70s, when she appeared on a slew of jams by Musique (“In the Bush”), Phreek, Inner Life and other disco groups. Brown experienced a second plateau of popularity in the mid-’80s, when her 1984 single “Somebody Else’s Guy” hit No. 2 on the R&B chart, and several 12-inch singles bearing her name hit the market simultaneously. Her major-label debut the next year as a solo performer, “Love’s Gonna Get You,” helped generate subsequent success when it was sampled for Snap!‘s international 1990 smash “The Power” — that’s Brown belting “I got the powah!” — and other notable cameos followed with Incognito, Todd Terry and Nuyorican Soul.
Although she’s no longer as busy as when her easy-to-spot voice cropped up in pop hits by Billy Idol and The Breakfast Club, this North Carolina-born, London-based expat is still at it: Her 2011 gospel album, True Praises, was just released in the U.S. With technique and intensity to rival even top-tier divas, Brown makes otherwise unremarkable songs worth hearing and great ones absolutely indelible — just listen to what she does to the Motown standard “Ain’t No Mountain High Enough.” — Barry Walters
NextIntroducing Rhapsody unRadioJune 18, 2014
PreviousSpotlight: Ripped-Off RiffsMay 26, 2014
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Minnesota Sounds and Voices
Oral history project documents U.S.-Dakota War of 1862
Jessica Mador May 31, 2012, 5:00 PM May 31, 2012
Photo courtesy of The Minnesota Historical Society
This year marks 150 years since the U.S.-Dakota War. The war, fought in southwestern Minnesota in the late summer of 1862, ended with hundreds of people dead, the Dakota people exiled from their homeland and the largest mass execution in U.S. history: the hangings of 38 Dakota men in Mankato on Dec. 26, 1862.
The Minnesota Historical Society has recorded dozens of oral histories from descendants of those touched by the U.S.-Dakota War of 1862. To gather the stories, Minnesota Historical Society staff conducted interviews in homes throughout the Minnesota River Valley and in tribal community centers on Dakota reservations.
Project manager Deborah Locke says the oral histories offer an intimate perspective on an important event in the nation’s history. “These histories are personal and heartfelt and the interviewees are passionate about their families’ place in the story of Minnesota,” she said in a news release from the Minnesota Historical Society.
The Historical Society chose storytellers based on recommendations from local historical societies or tribal council members. Others found the project via word of mouth.
Oral histories from people in Canada and the upper Midwest will be added throughout 2012. The public will also be invited to share their own personal and family stories related to the U.S.-Dakota War of 1862 on a “Share Your Story” component to be added to www.usdakotawar.org/stories in mid-June.
Arts History
‹ Older Warning sirens don’t always mean tornado coming
Newer › Twin Cities Bike Walk Week starts Saturday
Jessica Mador
jmador@mpr.org • 651-290-1216
Jessica Mador covers the Twin Cities for MPR News as part of the Metro Unit.
From body image to ‘Bella Luna’
Court reporters interview veterans for the record
St. Paul church with a storied history, and an open door
“I love being part of such a gift to the community, free on their radio or computer, anytime!” —Shelly from Blaine, MN
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Private Jets Call for Better Infrastructure
Private jet operators are noticing that as executive aircraft get bigger, faster and with longer-range capabilities, the demand for parking, hangar space and landing slots is causing problems. There is a widespread call for improved infrastructure to allow some flexibility within the flight plan.
Flight planning involves many thousands of minute calculations, including slot management and route management and as executives fly to further-flung destinations with fewer facilities, parking problems are causing increasing headaches for operators.
Many International airports are unprepared for the volume of business jets, having been designed 10-20 years ago when business jets were traditionally smaller. This has resulted in rising parking charges and, in some cases, limited slot times that require faster turnaround times on the ground and parking elsewhere before returning to collect the owners.
Flight planning must take all these factors into account and is a service that is offered by third-party providers for business aviation. Most individual owners cannot afford the luxury of a full-time planning department as commercial carriers employ. Flight planning providers, such as ARINC Direct, specifically cater for private jet operators, whether with one aircraft or an entire fleet.
Manufacturers are working towards making improvements to the infrastructure of business aviation, Gulfstream, for example, opened the first service centre in Asia; in Beijing, and has added four full-service airport centres with maintenance and hangar facilities exclusively for business jet aircraft. Earlier this year Bombardier opened a service centre in Singapore, realising that growth will spell more demand.
Cost-Cutting Continues at Malaysia Airlines
Following the disappearance of flight MH370, Malaysia Airlines are suffering from the biggest financial crisis in its 40-year history. The airline had experienced losses for the past three financial years, but was beginning to recover to a break-even point in 2014 until the tragic disappearance occurred. The airline recently released figures that revealed a record $138million loss for the first quarter.
Needless to say, Malaysia Airlines are looking for ways to reduce operational costs if it is to recover and indeed survive for the next 12 months. The company are committed to examining every area of operations in a bid to save money and have a plan in place to implement measures that could bring them to a break-even point in 2015.
This month will see the retirement of the final Boeing 737-400 aircraft in the MAS fleet, being replaced with the more fuel-economic and lower maintenance 737-800s. Also, the airline plan to introduce business class seats with a reconfiguration of the cabin spaces to produce higher revenues and plans for the purchase of Airbus aircraft have been put on hold for the time being.
As competition grows within the industry, airlines all over the world are looking closely at operational spending, and in that respect, MAS are not alone. Both commercial and business carriers can save money in many areas of productivity, including messaging costs, which can run into tens of thousands of individual messages each day. Companies such as ARINC offer consultancy services specifically designed to tailor messaging packages to help airlines to cut costs.
“We have to look at the business model that will allow us to be sustainable over the next 40 years,” said Hugh Dunleavy, MAS director of commercial operations.
Dassault Approved by EASA to Launch ‘Dassault Training Academy’
Business Aviation News, Business Aviation News Introduction
Following EASA regulatory approval, France’s Dassault Aviation have gained an industry first with the launch of their training academy, which will offer Part 147 practical training.
The training program will illustrate the necessity of allowing trainee aviation technicians to gain practical experience, which will then permit them to obtain the EASA rating certificate.
Dassault aim to stay ahead, in light of new regulations and new technologies coming into play within the business aviation industry. They constantly strive to develop training programs that will continue to meet future needs of their operators.
The new training centre running the Practical Training Program is located in Bordeaux, France and makes Dassault the first OEM to offer this level of training and support.
WSI Business Aviation Flight Deck Weather Solution
Weather Services International (WSI) has announced a new platform in its aim to further improve aircraft efficiency and safety. The new WSI Business Aviation Solution platform combines tools such as weather and flight information, operational data and airspace constraints, offering those tasked with making operational decisions a comprehensive view of this vital data.
WSI’s information systems are currently in use by over 130 commercial airlines on over 55,000 daily flights and have three main platforms; each targeted to fulfil distinct data requirements.
For pilots WSI Pilotbrief offers global weather information to assist in the optimisation of flight paths. For schedulers and dispatchers WSI Fusion enables global flight tracking with real-time weather alerts, and WSI Hubcast enables ground crew to track flights and prepare for disruptive weather events.
Up-to-the-minute weather data is critical to flight safety, to facilitate swift decision-making on the flight deck and flight support teams on the ground. Other providers, such as ARINC Direct, bring radar data information outside the U.S. to business aviation operators; the only providers to do so.
Working as the professional solutions arm of The Weather Company, WSI is able to alert aviation to multiple hazards en-route, providing information on anything from turbulence, icing and convection right through to the less frequently encountered presence of volcanic ash.
Innovations in Border Control Solutions Explored at Intersec 2014
Dubai World Trade Centre (DWTC) this month hosted Intersec 2014, with emaratech, the technology and management consulting company owned by the Investment Corporation of Dubai, taking centre stage with its innovative and forward looking border control solutions dubbed “Intelligent Travelling.” Thani Alzaffin, Director General and Board member of emaratech explained that the company had partnered with SRI to produce a suite of technologies, “demonstrating robust security screening and innovative border control solutions.”
IRIS on the move technology (IOM) offers the potential to deal with increasing passenger numbers; reducing both the time it takes to pass through border control and the solving the problems associated with attempting to identify passengers in a busy or limited environment. Offering non-contact technology, the simple walk-through design of the IOM PassPort SL is able to capture both dual-iris and facial images, without a requirement for the passenger to stop.
Similar benefits can be readily applied to vehicle access points with the IOM PassThru™Drive-up Iris Recognition System, which can replace RFID cards, and can link drivers immediately to their known identity, with the added advantage of being able to record events. In fact emaratech believe the system will become increasingly popular for identification management in many high-traffic environments, including general transportation, employee access and public events.
Dassault Appoint New International Sales Manager
Growing demand for business flights both from and within Africa has led Dassault Aviation to announce the appointment of Olivier Zuber as its new International Sales Manager.
Working for Dassault since 2005, Zuber has filled a number of key roles at the company, most recently as the Dassault Falcon Jet Corp. Marketing and Business Development Manager for India.
Falcon, a wholly owned U.S. subsidiary of France’s Dassault Aviation, is responsible for marketing the entire line of Falcon jets throughout North America, South America and the Asian Pacific Rim, including China. Over 2,500 Falcon jets have been manufactured since production of the initial Falcon 20 in 1963, with the latest addition to the range being the Falcon 5X.
In that time Dassault Aviation has grown to employ some 11,000 workers both in France and the U.S. Demand for Falcons has doubled in Africa alone in the past five years and the company has also introduced a fighter jet, the Rafale, to its stable of aircraft.
With a Master’s Degree in Engineering, and experience in both Falcon’s flight centre and customer service sections, Zuber will now move from Dassault’s Indian liaison office, based in New Delhi, where he has spent the last three years.
Following his move to the French headquarters in Saint-Cloud, Zuber will report to Dassault’s Sales Directors for the African market, Alain Lemee and Gilles Apollis. Vice President of Falcon Sales, Gilles Gautier, welcomed Zuber to his new role saying, “Olivier’s extensive experience with the nuances of the business aviation industry in various regions make him the ideal choice to develop leads and spearhead new sales opportunities in the emerging economies of Africa.”
BHX Flight Planning to Trial Two New Flight Paths
Flight planning takes into account many factors, including fuel consumption, weight, air speed and weather considerations, to name but a few of the thousands of calculations needed.
Flight paths are fixed, but as the airways become congested, and the population on the ground grows, the possibilities for further expansion of flight paths need to be explored more fully. The modern airline operators are coming under pressure from authorities, regulators and indeed the public, to reduce noise and pollution levels, but greater service and more flights.
Birmingham airport has announced plans to trial two alternative flight paths in preparation for an Airspace Change Proposal, required due to a proposed extension of the runway.
The airport has already submitted its preferred route, “Option 5”, to the Civil Aviation Authority, a flight path that it says covers mostly open country, avoiding Barston village. However, this option was greeted angrily by the residents of Balsall Common who were not placated by the airport’s claim that although aircraft would be closer to Balsall Street East, they would be flying higher at that point, due to the area’s distance from the airport.
Now, however, it seems that Option 6, proposed by Balsall Street East, Balsall Common residents and calling for the route to pass closer to Hampton and Barston, may become a reality. For seven months, starting April 2014, both options will undergo trials designed to test precise navigation procedures (RNAV). Although the trials do not constitute a further consultation process an airport spokesman said they would enable the impact to be objectively assessed to, “help make a more informed decision on the most appropriate option.”
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Don’t Board the News Media Scapegoat Train
Butler CainAll Posts, CommentaryAlabama, communication, Connecticut, ethics, journalism, journalist, massacre, media, news, Newtown, Sandy Hook, school, shooting, tornado1 Comment
What happened in Newtown, Connecticut is horrific. It is an event that has bruised our national psyche. Like thousands across this country and this world, I’m sad, disgusted and angry about it. What happened there is unconscionable.
As journalists, how do you possibly report on something that is unspeakable?
It’s an exceedingly difficult story to cover. In the minutes and hours after the event, some of the news reporting wasn’t accurate. In the effort to talk to someone — anyone — to find out what was happening, sometimes children were placed in front of television cameras and microphones. National and international media converged upon, and have overwhelmed, a small community that never, ever wanted to be at the center of the global media spotlight.
There are legitimate things to criticize in the news coverage of this massacre. There are always legitimate things to criticize in journalism. Journalists should be used to criticism. We hold people accountable, and in turn, we need to be held accountable, too. We put ourselves and our work before the public every day, and sometimes multiple times a day, and there’s no shortage of people who are ready to smack it down for any number of reasons.
That’s already happening with the coverage coming out of Newtown.
I’m seeing some of the same old tired, trite criticisms of the news media. Editorial cartoons depicting national news organizations as vultures circling overhead. Opinion columns about how “the media” should be so ashamed for what they’re doing. These types of columns rarely offer constructive criticism; instead, the writers have decided that they don’t like something they’ve seen or heard, they rant about how terrible “the media” is, and then they paint all news media with the same broad brush.
That’s scapegoating, and it is so, so easy to do.
First of all, you’re not there (most likely). I’m not either, but I’ve covered events that thrust my community into the international spotlight. The Birmingham abortion clinic bombing of 1998 and the deadly, devastating F5 tornado of April 8, 1998 were just two that happened relatively close together. National and international media converged on my community in both of these cases, and I was right in the middle of all of it.
The day after that horrible tornado tore through Jefferson County, Alabama, I was walking through wastelands that had been neighborhoods just the day before. I saw a family sitting on the concrete foundation of their home — that’s all that was left — and started walking through their yard toward them. It was pretty obvious who I was and what I was doing. The headphones, microphone and recorder gave me away.
I wondered two things as I walked for what seemed to be an exceedingly long time: will they talk to me, or will they tell me to go to hell?
I introduced myself, told them where I worked (I stressed that I was a local reporter, for sure) and I told them how terribly sorry I was for what had happened to them. I also told them that people across the country were concerned about what had happened here, I was hoping to help these other people understand, and I asked if they would be willing to share their experiences with me.
That interview stands out in my memory even today because of how I felt as I approached those people who had literally lost everything they had. I was nervous. I didn’t want to bother them. I didn’t want to be accused of being a vulture journalist. I didn’t want to upset them any more than they already were.
But my job — our job, as journalists — is to help explain what is happening as best as we can while being as sensitive as we can when the circumstances are particularly difficult. We must talk with people to accomplish this.
So please don’t board the News Media Scapegoat Train. There are always a few members of any profession who don’t adhere to the highest standards of professionalism and ethics. Dismiss these idiots and focus instead on the journalists who are doing admirable work, those who are telling the story of Newtown with sensitivity, thoroughness, and respect.
These journalists have been handed a tough assignment, and they don’t deserve a bunch of armchair critics who have no idea how difficult it is to cover such a tragic story.
Dad was Right … Again
Applauding as Your Rights are Taken
One thought on “Don’t Board the News Media Scapegoat Train”
Sheri G says:
I agree completely!
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The future is coming to you live…..
Live / By Wesley Dodd
The launch of live video on Twitter and Facebook represents a major change in the way we will consume live video in the future. Don’t believe me? What about the CEO of Twitter, Jack Dorsey? He says the future of Twitter is live video – specifically Periscope. Dorsey, who is tasked with turning around Twitter, …
The future is coming to you live….. Read More »
The revolution will NOT be televised
Uncategorized / By Wesley Dodd
For me the arrival of Facebook Live is a game changer and could be one of the single most important things in media since the arrival of YouTube. I’ve written a lot recently about the new live stream services from Facebook and Twitter but I still get a lot of blank stares, yawns and …
The revolution will NOT be televised Read More »
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What is are children learning?
Are our tax dollars being used to subsidize hate? ” It’s bad enough that books like this exist and that young children are indoctrinated in the inaccurate and often intolerant worldview that they espouse. Expecting the rest of us to pay for it is simply unacceptable.”
More from the AU website:
Textbooks used in religious schools often revise history beyond distortion: “a study by Frances Paterson, a professor in the Department of Educational Leadership at Valdosta State University in Georgia. Paterson examined a series of textbooks produced by three large fundamentalist Christian publishers – A Beka Books, Bob Jones University Press and Accelerated Christian Education. What she found was disturbing.
Paterson reported that the books “frequently resemble partisan, political literature more than they do the traditional textbooks used in public schools.”
Observed Paterson, “[R]eligion…appears in places where its inclusion is unexpected: the failure of the French and Spanish to successfully colonize North America was part of God’s plan that the United States should be established as a ‘Christian’ i.e., Protestant nation; the violence of the French Revolution resulted from an absence of Christian values; the lack of economic progress in Africa and India is a result of pagan belief systems; German Biblical higher criticism and a belief in Darwinian evolution were direct causes of World War II; and so forth.”
In addition, Paterson noted that the books often attack legal abortion, gay people, women’s rights and evolution. (One Bob Jones book asserted, “These [gay] people have no more claim to special rights than child molesters or rapists.”) The books also distorted Supreme Court rulings on church-state separation.”
It gets worse: “…But imagine if you had no choice but to support schools that taught from these books. Imagine if private religious schools were funded with your tax dollars through a system of voucher subsidies.
In some parts of the country, you don’t have to imagine that. It is happening. In her study, Paterson found publicly funded fundamentalist academies in Milwaukee and Cleveland, where vouchers are in place, using these controversial texts in the classrooms.
Vouchers have been proposed in other parts of the country. Congress is debating whether to expand Washington, D.C.’s “experimental” voucher plan, and a Georgia legislator pushed (unsuccessfully this time) to bring a statewide voucher plan to the Peach State.
It’s bad enough that books like this exist and that young children are indoctrinated in the inaccurate and often intolerant worldview that they espouse. Expecting the rest of us to pay for it is simply unacceptable.”
see: http://blog.au.org/2009/03/13/troubling-textbooks-why-vouchers-would-force-you-to-subsidize-hate/
Tagged: charter schools, fundamentalism, religions education
New Survey: Non-Religious on the Rise
Culture wars trumped security: economy trumps culture wars!
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Remembering and honoring Michael Jackson Six Years after His Passing.
It’s hard to believe it’s been six years since Michael Jackson passed. True legends never die and Michael Jackson will always be remembered as one of the greatest entertainers ever.
Michael’s style was unique and totally original. From the time he became famous as a child it was evident that there was something different about this young boy. As he grew and became an adult he proved what a remarkable artist he was with his dynamic album “Thriller.” His dancing was magical and there was no way you could not take your eyes off of him when he performed. He knew how to captivate an audience.
His charitable work was a constant love of his. When he was alive he gave to more charities than any other entertainer at that time. He had great empathy for those that were suffering in this world. He understood suffering as he did not always have an easy life growing up and being famous. They were both difficult and filled with hardships. People only saw the glitz and the glamour and not what went on behind the scenes.
No matter what he was going through Michael always did his best to show appreciation and love for his fans. He understood that they were the reason he was successful.
His passing at the age of 50 was a shock for so many, but I feel that the pressures he went through took a hard toll on his life. What he did was leave a great legacy of work in his music, dancing, poetry, writing, and humanitarian work.
I was privileged to be able to speak to his spirit after his passing and I learned a great deal about Michael Jackson that I never knew. I had not been a fan of his although I always knew he was a great entertainer. I prefer hard rock and roll and his type of music just did not appeal to me.
Channeling his spirit changed my life in more ways than one. I never would have thought of contacting his spirit, but I was asked by a radio station if I could contact him a few days after his passing. I was able to do it on radio and from there I continued channeling him until he had delivered the messages that he wanted his fans to hear and then it was time for him to move forward on his spiritual journey.
If you would like to hear one of the messages I received from Michael’s spirit Click Here.
Getting close to his spirit helped me understand this gentle soul and what he went through during his lifetime. It’s easy for people to judge another, but until you walk or moonwalk in another’s shoes, you do not know what they have gone through. Michael was a beautiful soul who was greatly misunderstood. I know that he is happy and at peace in the spirit world.
Whenever I put my CD player on jukebox and the song ‘Billie Jean’ comes up I just consider it a little hello from Michael and it always makes me smile. His music was the gift he left the world and through it he will always communicate.
His music and performances will always live on. Many generations from now people still will be emulating his performances. His legacy will never die!
CherokeeBillie.com
Welcome the Summer Solstice June 21, 2015
My Father’s 97Th Birthday
Comments on: "Remembering and honoring Michael Jackson Six Years after His Passing." (7)
Livnam Kaur (@Lilan625) said:
Your channeling of Michael was a catalyst for me leaving organized religion and making me explore my own heart. Thank you for posting this lovely little tribute to him.
I know how much Michael’s messages meant to you after his passing. It’s wonderful that those messages helped you find your own spirituality. I will always be grateful to Michael for connecting with me. I had no clue who he really was and it was a privilege to get to know that beautiful spirit. Many blessings, Cherokee Billie
Karina said:
So hard to believe 6 years have passed!
I know ❤
Tarryn said:
Thank you for remembering Michael on this sad day. I will always appreciate the messages you channeled from him – they will always be special to me. Today also marks the start of our friendship which I am so grateful for.
Love Michael
Thank you so much for your comment. Yes, it was a sad day for the world, but I know that Michael’s spirit is at work in the lives of many people and always will be. I am grateful that it brought us together as well. Sending you lots of love and light, Cherokee Billie ❤
Michael was love. He always will be. Thanks again, Billie. There are moments when I miss him too much. Like around the time he passed and his birthday. I love him. But, now, I know he lives on and to me he’s alive more than ever. I just want to know Billie, when we pass, do we see others the way we do in the physical world? Can we touch and feel? I think I know the answer to this, but I just need to be validated, I guess. Lol.
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Free Books / Animals / Horses / The Horse: Health And Disease /
Clydesdales. Part 3
This section is from the book "The Horse - Its Treatment In Health And Disease", by J. Wortley Axe. Also available from Amazon: The Horse. Its Treatment In Health And Disease.
It was of course impossible that a breed like the Clydesdale, the merits and value of which became generally recognized almost as soon as the horse was known, would long remain without supporters in other districts than that from which he derives his name. The middle of the nineteenth century, therefore, saw the Clydesdale being bred in other parts of Scotland, so that in course of time the Galloway Clydesdales became recognized as a leading branch of the old tree. These animals were possibly the result of crossing the Clydesdale stallions with the old Galloway mares of the heavier type, which are referred to by the Rev. S. Smith, who wrote in 1810, as being "inferior in size to the dray-horses of many other districts, though they are capable of performing as much labour and enduring still more fatigue, whilst they are more easily kept and less liable to disease". The reverend author describes these animals as being "round in the body, short in the back, broad and deep in the chest, level along the back to the shoulders, not long in the legs nor very fine in the head and neck: their whole appearance indicating vigour and durability, and their eye commonly a sufficient degree of spirit". There is also information, dating from about the middle of the century, which refers to Ayrshire Clydesdales, and Kintyre, Aberdeenshire, and Cumberland strains, all three of which could trace back to the Lanarkshire root, and cast no discredit on the good horses whose blood they inherited.
At the same time, there are strong grounds for believing that, many years ago, there were Shire stallions standing in Aberdeenshire, and consequently it is very possible that this blood was resorted to by breeders of an experimental turn of mind with the object of improving their studs. Whether the introduction of a Shire horse is a judicious act on the part of a Clydesdale owner is, of course, a question that each breeder must answer for himself; but it may be stated that the late Mr. Lawrence Drew, up to the date of his decease, in 1884, entertained the strongest opinion upon this subject. This gentleman contended that the Clydesdale and the Shire horse were practically one flesh, and that the most superior draught-horses were to be obtained by crossing the two breeds. Such a doctrine was very naturally regarded as the rankest heresy by the majority of both Shire and Clydesdale breeders, but Mr. Drew was loyal to his convictions to the last. The most famous animal ever owned by him was the dark-brown Prince of Wales, 673, which was foaled in 1866, and lived until he was twenty-two years old. This horse, so far as his grandsires were concerned, was of unexceptional Clydesdale blood, but the gravest doubts were entertained by some people respecting the breeding of his grandams. Both of these mares, singularly enough, were grays, and it was the opinion of Mr. Nicol Fleming, who bred Prince of Wales, and of Mr. Lawrence Drew, who owned him during most of his career, that both of them were Shire-bred mares. The horse is described as being rather sour in head, and too straight at the hocks, but a marvellous mover in all his paces; and no doubt he got some fine stock, whatever his breeding might have been.
Plate XIX. PACK-HORSE TRIUMPH II.
By Cottager; dam by Sportsman.
Plate XIX. DARTMOOR PONY STALLION, GOLDFINDER.
Winner at Brent Show, S. Devon. The Property of Vero Shaw, Esq.
Photo by Reid. Wishaw.
PONY STALLION, SIR GEORGE.
Sire, Sportsman (Harts) 624 by Prickwillow (Weatherill's); dam, Polly. The Property of C. W. Wilson, Esq., Rigmarden, Westmorland.
Having thus attempted to trace the history of the Clydesdale through the varying stages of his career, it now becomes necessary to describe the leading characters of the breed.
The head is broad across the forehead, gradually tapering towards the ears, which are rather inclined to be long and large; the forehead is wide between the eyes, which should be full and lively, though free from that hard, harsh look which disfigures the expressions of many horses. The jaws are broad and not infrequently rather coarse about the muzzle, whilst the nostrils are large and open. A narrow head is not to be encouraged, as this is usually associated with an absence of intelligence, whilst small sunken eyes are generally accompanied by a bad temper. The head should be correctly set on the neck, which it should meet at not too acute an angle, the neck itself being lengthy and deep and nicely arched, very massive and powerfully placed at the shoulders.
The shoulders themselves partake far more of the riding character than those of any other draught-horse, as they should be sloping and rather long by comparison with those of the Suffolk or the Shire horse; whilst the chest should be broad and deep, and the fore-legs, a most important point of the breed, should of course he short to the ground from the shoulder. They ought to be very powerful about the arms, showing great muscle here; with flat, broad knees near to the ground, and with as much bone as possible below them. Below the knee, moreover, the bone should be flat and of a good hard quality; whilst the back of the legs from the knees downwards should be well feathered with soft silky hair, coarse or curly feather being objected to by authorities on the breed.
The pasterns are another point in the anatomy of the Scottish horse in which it differs very greatly from the Shire, as in the Clydesdale they should be rather long and sloping, in order to give springiness to the action, which is so much desired. The feet must be of a good size, correct in shape, strong, and absolutely sound. A malformed or diseased foot, and indeed a small or shelly one, would be perfectly incapable of carrying on a week's hard work upon the stone-paved streets of Glasgow or any other large town in which Clvdesdale horses are utilized for heavy draught purposes. The feet, therefore, should be round, wide at the corners, the crust thick, and the heels well developed.
The middle-piece of a Clydesdale should be big and well sprung at the ribs, a flat-sided specimen of the breed being objected to by most judges. The back is frequently a little longer than it should be to be quite in accordance with what is desired. A slight drop in the back is perceptible in some of the very best horses of the breed, and so is not to be regarded as a disqualification or even as a very serious fault, though it is unquestionably unsightly, and should not be encouraged. The quarters are wide, lengthy, powerful, and well let down.
The hocks are connected with the stifles by thighs well clothed with muscle, and are themselves broad, well developed, clean, of course, and set at a nice angle. Below the hocks, the bone should be plentiful and flat, the hocks being near the ground, and the legs perhaps carried a little forward. The feather is abundant and extends upwards to the hocks. The pasterns gently slope and the feet are sound, well shaped, and of ample size.
The chief colours to be found amongst Clydesdales are brown, black, and bay. Gray is admissible but is not usually encouraged, whereas both chestnuts and roans are not recognized. Most Clydesdales are more or less heavily marked with white, as were the old Lochlyoch mares, the excellence of which has been referred to above. The usual and preferable height for a stallion is about 16.3 hands, or an inch over, the mares, of course, standing lower at the shoulder.
The action of a Clydesdale chiefly consists of a light, springy, even walk, his step being firm and brisk, and his feet being lifted well off the ground. A Clydesdale's carriage has also a great deal to do with his success under a good judge. A gay bearing of the head is much admired, whilst in walking or standing the horse should stand level and straight upon his feet, an inward or an outward turn being a fault, the latter, however, being by far the worst. A free elastic walk is not the only pace at which a Clydesdale can distinguish himself, however, as many of the big Scottish horses are very free-actioned, and have gained quite reputations for being fast and nimble trotters. In fact, at an early Bristol show a Clydesdale outstripped many of the light horses upon the ground; but such a performance is, of course, exceptional.
The constitution of the Clydesdale is remarkably robust, and although he may not possibly belong to so long-lived a variety as the Suffolk, the north country horse can usually be relied on to withstand the effects of cold, wet, and hard work, better than any of the heavy varieties in existence.
From what has been written of the Clydesdale, it will be clearly seen that though he may not have the same claims to the possession of an ancient lineage as the Shire horse or the Suffolk, he is nevertheless an animal of a defined type, and, as a variety, quite old enough to be relied upon as a true breeder to that type. Moreover, it may honestly be contended on his behalf that the Clydesdale supplies a want, which in his absence it would be impossible for the employers of a certain stamp of draught-horse to fill adequately. He is, in fact, the pony of the heavy horses, so freely does he move, the liberty and freedom of his action being possibly inherited from the old Galloway mares from whom he claims to be descended. It is, in fact, impossible to conceive that a more active horse of his weight and height could be produced, even by successive generations of skilful breeders. No visitor to Glasgow can fail to notice how perfectly the breed is adapted for dray and lorry work upon granite streets of a great city. One day's experience of the Clydesdales attached to drays, and walking off with ponderous burdens, would be sufficient to impress a careful observer with the immense value of the breed for heavy draught; whilst the frequently-displayed impetuosity of the horse to commence his work, the swiftness with which he at once fills his collar and steps out again after a sudden check in the streets, his general soundness and excellent constitution, all combine to justify his admirers in the eulogies they bestow upon the Clydesdale, their favourite breed of horse.
prev: Clydesdales. Part 2
next: The Suffolk
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Despite some staging crosswinds, Light Opera Works sets sail with mostly solid “Pinafore”
Sun Jun 09, 2013 at 1:44 pm
By Dennis Polkow
Sarah Kelly (Josephine), Michael Cavalieri (Capt. Corcoran) and James Harms (Sir Joseph Porter) in Light Opera Works’ “H.M.S. Pinafore.” Photo: Chris Ocken
In its time, H.M.S. Pinafore was not only a biting satire on the class distinctions that were part of the established social order of Victorian England, but the work was also the first mega-success of its co-creators, William S. Gilbert and Arthur Sullivan.
Although much of Pinafore is merely a foretaste of the ultimate marriage of melody and chatter that would come to be the duo’s trademark, the work remains a wonderful feel-good show that really does, well, make you feel good.
And of course, it’s always nice to see Light Opera Works doing light opera—in this case, it’s first full-length operetta in two years and the only work in the genre during a season of popular musicals, as has become the established company pattern.
One innovative aspect of director Rudy Hogenmiller’s current production is the idea of an African-American Little Buttercup, played by Dawn Bless. This is not merely a case of colorblind casting, which many other area companies practice — four of the twelve chorus of sailors are black, for instance — but in this case, Buttercup is reimagined as an evocative figure from the far outreaches of the British empire.
Not the smooth mezzo-soprano sensibility we are used to hearing in this role, it was ironically when Bless tried to sound operatic, such as in “I’m called Little Buttercup” that the portrayal became problematically riddled with unpredictable vibrato. When she kept to a steady center for her voice, which is really more of a pop-infused, gospel-like timbre and technique, it worked far better.
It has become a given that senior leads will be played by James Harms at Light Opera Works, and here, Harms’ take on Sir James Porter was given a prominence in the staging that sometimes superseded the character’s role in the work itself.
At the time, audiences loved the role because it was a sendup of real-life First Lord of the Admiralty W. H. Smith, a politician with no nautical experience who had nonetheless been put in charge of the royal navy; indeed, he became so associated with his satirical operetta character that the lord notoriously came to be known as “Pinafore Smith.”
Rather than arrogantly boasting about being an admiral despite never having been to sea as the character was originally conceived, Harms’ Porter tries to hide that fact by sheepishly coming on board as a stowaway in civilian clothes who then whispers the repeated lines about his position as if he has enough of a conscience to care what others might think. The chorus, in turn, inaudibly whispers their repeated affirmations, which worked neither musically nor dramatically.
Harms certainly lent considerable comedy to his portrayal and sang the role well, but this general conception of the character seemed superimposed over the storyline.
The Captain of the Pinafore was played by Michael Cavalieri, not only a fine comic actor, but who sang with a baritone that sounded quite luxurious for a role that more often emphasizes comedy over vocalism.
Tenor Dane M. Thomas made a wonderful leading man Ralph Rackstraw, tongue firmly in cheek and a clarion sound throughout. Soprano Sarah Kelly was a bit less vocally predicable as heroine Josephine, but when she wasn’t oversinging or swallowing her consonants, was at her most effective.
Roger L. Bingaman led the orchestra and onstage chorus with enthusiasm, precision and humor, the quality of the diction of the chorus crisp enough that every word could be plainly heard.
Light Opera Works’ H.M.S. Pinafore runs through June 16 at Northwestern University’s Cahn Auditorium, 600 Emerson St. (at Sheridan Rd.), Evanston; light-opera-works.org; 847-920-5360.
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CEO Voices
CEOs See Economic Boom, And Trump’s Approach, Continuing With Divided Congress
After the midterm elections, CEOs are looking for a U.S. economy and business climate that function pretty much as they have over the last couple of years, with expectations for continued robust growth in the near term, the slow working out of trade conflicts, and even greater difficulty finding and keeping the labor to fulfill their rising backlogs.
But CEOs also are concerned because of the partisan split that will take over Congress in January after Democrats won the House of Representatives and Republicans added to their margin in the U.S. Senate on Election Day. Total legislative gridlock isn’t acceptable.
“The results weren’t a surprise to me by any stretch of the imagination,” John Fish, CEO of Suffolk Construction, based in Boston, told Chief Executive. “But going forward, we need to ensure that the economy stays strong. We need to keep our eye on it and block and tackle to make it happen.” President Trump’s “economic policies have been supportive of business in the U.S.”
The consensus of post-election analysis was that despite dealing now with a Democratic majority in the House, and the peril of endless House investigations into his conduct, President Trump will be able to continue to maintain the policies that have helped the U.S. economy grow, including corporate and individual tax cuts and broad business deregulation. If Congress enters legislative gridlock, Trump is likely to unfurl more executive orders to achieve some policy objectives, similar to what he’s done so far and in the manner of predecessor Barack Obama.
Investors collectively seemed to agree, with the Dow Jones Industrial Average surging by 550 points on Wednesday to extend a recent turnaround from the markets’ brutal selloff in October. The general interpretation was that investors dropped most concerns that big post-election business-policy changes would be in the offing.
“The beauty of American politics is that it’s typically divided government,” says John Schlifske, CEO of Northwestern Mutual, the insurance and financial-services firm based in Milwaukee. “The economy itself looks like it’ll keep chugging along.”
Trump himself sought to reassure American CEOs and consumers who might have worried that Democrats would try to undo the economic accomplishments of the last couple of years, promising during a press conference on Wednesday to seek “bipartisanship” with new House leadership on leftover issues such as health-care reform and an infrastructure initiative.
“There are a lot of important bipartisan issues that could be tackled, things like infrastructure, that can be unifying for [Congress] us to work on, and I’m hopeful that we can,” Vicki Holt, CEO of Protolabs, a digital-manufacturing company in the Twin Cities, tells Chief Executive.
Trump specifically addressed the implications of the elections for America’s ongoing trade imbroglios with Europe and China. “Our trade deals are coming along fantastically,” he told reporters. Meanwhile, Trump said, because of tariffs he imposed earlier this year, the American steel industry is “back” and the domestic aluminum industry is “coming along. These are industrie that were dead.”
Holt agrees that the election results “won’t have a huge impact on trade. Those are big issues that are working to be resolved and will have their own timeline.”
About trade, Jeff Simmons, CEO of Elanco, a Greenfield, Indiana-based provider of animal-health products for food production and pets in global markets, tells Chief Executive, “We are hopeful about the dialogue that we have going on with countries including Japan, and the UK. We believe meat, milk and eggs must be able to move; it’s good for the economy and consumers and food security around the world.”
Read more: Sonnenfeld: Divided Congress Presents Opportunities, Challenges To CEOs
Skill Development: How CEOs Can Tackle Income Inequality
How CEOs Can Navigate Legal Challenges
What Amazon And Bezos Are Teaching Others About Fighting Back
To Fight New Breed Of California Lawsuits, Manufacturing CEOs Need A Crystal Ball
Why Bernie Sanders Turned Walmart’s Wages Into A Scandal
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Hawkins Cheung and the Making of Modern Wing Chun History
As many readers will already know, Master Hawkins Cheung Hok Jin passed away on Sunday February 3rd 2019, in Los Angeles. Within the martial arts community regrets take many forms. One of my great regrets is that I had never had a chance to study with Hawkins Cheung. Yet he still had a profound effect on my understanding of both the nature of this art and the wider Wing Chun community. When Jon Nielson and I were researching our book on the development of Wing Chun, we frequently found ourselves coming back to the published accounts and interviews that Hawkins Cheung had provided over the years. We felt that these were some of the best, most reliable, descriptions of Wing Chun’s early years in Hong Kong (1950s-1960s) that one could hope to find.
Some of these accounts have already gained a fairly wide following within the Wing Chun community as they provided a remarkably frank assessment of Hawkins Cheung’s relationship with both Bruce Lee (his close friend and schoolmate), as well as Ip Man, his Sifu. It should be noted that throughout his life he spoke on many other subjects. He offered his own assessment of the true nature of Jeet Kun Do (JKD) and William Cheung’s innovations, styling his own instruction “classic Wing Chun” at least partially in response to these other developments within the community. Readers of Black Belt magazine will even remember Hawkins Cheung as an early and passionate advocate of a more combative approach to Taijiquan.
There is much that one could say about the life and career of such a remarkable martial artist. Cheung possessed a restless spirit always seeking progress. Throughout his life he sought to not just master Wing Chun, but to understand what made it work. This same curiosity would lead him to explore several other styles. Hawkins Cheung was a student of Goju-Ryu Karate in which he achieved a fourth Dan. He also developed a strong interest in Wu Taijiquan, which he approached with his signature direct practicality. After coming to the United States he set up a succession of successful schools in Los Angeles and introduced countless students (including individuals like Phillip Romero and Phil Morris) to Ip Man’s art.
By any standard Hawkins Cheung’s career was remarkable. He was one of just a handful of individuals who really shaped Wing Chun’s spread to North America. This brings us to a second, deeper, level of regret. Despite his many contributions, Cheung’s life and career are not well understood, except perhaps by his closest students. Bruce Lee was a luminary figure who ignited a Kung Fu fever. We would be remiss if we did not acknowledge his role in creating a global environment where Wing Chun might succeed. But we must also acknowledge his absolute talent for sucking the oxygen out of a room, or dominating any conversation that he might appear in.
Sadly, Hawkins Cheung is typically discussed only as Bruce’s sidekick. When reporters or researchers approached him, it was almost always to ask about his friend Bruce. This seemed to bother Cheung on a few levels, the most important of which was that Bruce had been a very close friend, and losing him was painful. Yet in death Lee’s myth grew to such proportions that it was impossible for anyone to escape his shadow.
All of this is in equal parts ironic and regrettable when thinking about Hawkins Cheung. It is ironic as he conveyed to current students so much historical knowledge about Hong Kong in the 1950s, yet accounts of his own career in the 1970s-1990s are extremely rare. It is regrettable as his life growing up in Hong Kong, and immigration to the West, mirrored Wing Chun’s global journey. Indeed, the two are inextricably linked. Serious historians and social scientists would better understand the process by which the Chinese martial arts succeeded as a global phenomenon if we could write his story. Even if Bruce Lee was critical to igniting the fire, it lasted because individuals like Hawkins Cheung were capable of feeding it.
Perhaps the first step toward better understanding is to simply appreciate what we already have. In the remainder of this post I will explore a basic outline of Hawkins Cheung’s life and contributions to the Asian martial arts. It is my hope that this will not only provide some insight into him, but also the ways in which history itself is memorialized and created. Indeed, traditional Chinese lineage structures have been making sense of the present by linking certain sorts of facts about the past for a long time. These highly stylized patterns of remembrance tell us something about the environment and sorts of challenges that our community faces. Yet other types of memory, ones that explicitly focus on the decades of quiet effort that are so often forgotten in our rush to construct martial immortality, are necessary to build a fuller understanding of how we got here and where we might be going. Hawkins Cheung’s life and career may be particularly important in this respect.
Only a limited amount of information about Hawkins Cheung’s early life seems to have made it into English language discussions. He was born sometime around 1940 and grew up in Kowloon. After 1949 the area became increasingly crowded with refugees and homeless individuals fleeing across the border with Communist controlled Guangdong. Even as a child Cheung was acutely aware of the bleak nature of life in Hong Kong emphasizing (as a repeated talking point in his later interviews) the problems with overcrowding, unemployment, homelessness and organized crime. These structural limitations would weigh heavily on the group of sometimes angry young men who gathered to train with Ip Man.
Still, Hawkins Cheung was more fortunate than most. He grew up in a relatively wealthy family. His father owned a luxurious car and could employ a professional driver to ferry his young son to school. It was also natural that Hawkins Cheung would be drawn to the martial arts given his small size, propensity for aggression and boundless energy. It was at the Francis Xavier Intermediate School that he first met and befriended the similarly predisposed Bruce Lee, who had recently been expelled (with good cause) from the much more prestigious LaSalle school. I will refer anyone who is interested in the gory details of that episode to Matthew Polly’s recent biography.
Being relatively affluent had other benefits as well. Hawkins Cheung reports that he was either 13 or 14 when he began to study Wing Chun kung fu with Ip Man, sometime around 1954. Interestingly, he was at first unaware when his friend Bruce also began to study with the same teacher, probably because the two were attending class at different times. Phil Morris suggests that later the two purposefully went to separate classes at least in part because the intensely competitive young men did not want to reveal their level of skill to a potential rival.
Some of our best accounts of life within Ip Man’s school come from a series of interviews that Hawkins Cheung gave to Inside Kung-Fu magazine in 1991. He speaks frankly about the competitive nature of outside challenge fights, but also the internal Chi Sao culture that developed among some of the younger Wing Chun students. Everyone wanted to be “top dog”, and Hawkins Cheung was at a real disadvantage due to his small size. I think that many Wing Chun students today will be able to relate to the frustrations that he expresses in these interviews.
Interestingly Ip Man, who didn’t typically handle the day to day training of the younger students, intervened at a point when he may have been considering quitting, guided him through an exploration of the basic defensive structures in the art’s unarmed forms. This helped Hawkins Cheung to build an understanding of Wing Chun that worked for him. Readers should remember that even by Hong Kong standards Ip Man was a pretty short individual of slight build. It would have been hard to think of a better mentor when addressing these problems.
Hawkins Cheung continued to study with Ip Man until 1959. One of the most important, yet often overlooked, causes of Wing Chun’s global success was the chronic under-development of Hong Kong’s educational sector in the 1950s and 1960s. There simply were not enough slots at Hong Kong University for all of the good students coming out the city’s school system. Nor were there enough high paying jobs to satisfy the children of the city’s middle class. The fact that Hong Kong was a British territory meant it was entirely possible for the children of wealthy families to do something about this.
Ip Ching has noted that many of his father’s better off young students traveled to North America, Australia or Europe to pursue both University degrees and better job prospects. Bruce Lee was far from alone in this exodus. Indeed, this pattern of global dispersal ensured that when Wing Chun became famous there were already a handful of well qualified individuals spread throughout the globe who could promote the art. Meanwhile, others had already acquired the language skills and life experience necessary to immigrate to the West and set up schools of their own.
Hawkins Cheung decided to further his educational prospects in Australia, but it seems that many of his experiences there were far from positive. As he noted in subsequent interviews, WWII had resulted in a high degree of anti-Japanese/anti-Asian prejudice, and it was not uncommon for Chinese students to be subject to racist attacks and other forms of violence. There were also tensions within the local Asian expatriate community, and Hawkins Cheung reports frequent fights with Thai kickboxers.
After finishing college Cheung returned to Hong Kong in 1962. He continued to study with Ip Man (now as a more senior student) until the time of his death in 1972. Adding things up, it appears that Hawkins Cheung enjoyed about 15 years of study as Ip Man’s student, both before and after college. While many individuals trained with Ip Man, due to retention problems and Ip Man’s many moves, relatively few students could claim such long periods of continuous training.
While in Hong Kong, Hawkins Cheung explored other arts, including Goju-Ryu Karate. Despite what one might assume, it was not uncommon for Chinese individuals to study Japanese arts (in either Hong Kong or Australia) during this period. What was much less common was for someone to maintain close ties to both communities while gaining a high degree of expertise. These styles were, after all, peer competitors.
Cheung relates that he was fascinated by the speed and power that Goju-Ryu practitioners could project through years of practice. He desperately wanted to learn how to counter this using Wing Chun structures, as well as to improve his own abilities. Yet he was also attracted to Karate as it offered a place where legal, socially approved, sparring could happen without the fear of police or gang involvement. He considered this essential to his training.
In fact, it seems that Hawkins Cheung was almost as skilled a diplomat as he was fighter. That might be a surprise given his often direct, kinetic and demanding teaching ethos. But even within the complex and fractured political landscape that emerged following Ip Man’s death, it is hard to think of any of his students who immigrated to the West who were more generally liked. As anyone who has read his articles or interviews knows, Hawkins Cheung was not shy about making his opinions known. Whether the subject was the true nature of JKD or the Taijiquan’s combative potential, Cheung was always willing to wade into the fray. Yet he remained almost universally respected. As any political scientist can tell you, diplomacy is also a martial art.
Hawkins Cheung immigrated to the United States in the late 1970s, a few years after Ip Man’s death. I have not been able to figure out much about his first few critical years. Yet by 1980 he was running a school with Dan Inosanto in Culver City Los Angeles. In a two-part article published in Wing Chun Illustrated in September 2017, Phillip Romero relates how he first discovered Cheung and began to train at his school.
Romero’s reminisces are valuable and readers are encouraged to head on over and examine them in full. They suggest an outline of the California period of Cheung’s career. But beyond that, they provide the same sorts of highly textured description of a school life that Hawkins Cheung himself had given us when describing his own training with Ip Man. Indeed, these rich descriptions are every bit as valuable to students of martial arts studies as any biographical details that may be related.
Romero paints a picture (largely supported by accounts from other students) of Hawkins Cheung as a demanding teacher. If as Sifu he embodied the “fatherly” archetype, his was the exacting and goal driven Chinese patriarch.
On a more technical level, as a still relatively young man he was concerned with how Wing Chun structures could be made to work in a variety of combative environments. The sorts of students who thrived in his early schools were those willing to risk bruises, split lips and other injuries in full contact drills and sparring that didn’t employ the sorts of safety equipment that would now be standard issue. Rather than MMA gloves (which did not yet exist) Romero relates how he found Cheung and his students using lightly padded gardening gloves where the fingers had been cut off.
Romero followed Cheung through multiple school locations. After closing his martial arts supply business (something that I would like to learn more about) to focus exclusively on teaching Hawkins Cheung opened a larger, two story school on Venice Blvd., “not far from the Culver mall.” This must have been a good location as Romero goes on to describe nightly classes with over 90 students split into three separate sections. This was followed up by another class for the senior students who helped to teach large sections of beginners. Still, not everyone was interested in the intensity and “reality” of the training on offer.
I must confess, however, that many of the reminisces of Cheung’s training in this period remind me of the sorts of contact levels and expectations that I experienced when I began my own Wing Chun apprenticeship some years later. Prior to the eruption of the UFC, MMA and BJJ there was more combative interest (and talent) being invested into the traditional striking arts. Yet every art has a certain reputation, or set of social expectations, which allows it to survive in a competitive marketplace. These seem to have changed dramatically for many systems following the rise of MMA.
I have often wondered whether the perceived combat deficiency of Wing Chun really reflects fundamental shortcomings in the system, or if a more sociological explanation is needed. By in large, the sorts of students who are willing to sacrifice the most and train the hardest are now siphoned directly into an entirely different set of social discourses around the modern combat sports. My friend Sixt Wetzler attempted to provide a theoretical basis for this sort of observation in an article that he wrote on applying systems theory to explain change within the martial arts communities. Still, a fuller and more granular exploration of what was going on in within Hawkins Cheung’s large Wing Chun community in the 1980s and 1990s might prove an interesting test case for these sorts of models.
In 1989 Hawkins Cheung closed the Ventura Blvd. school, and opened his final location a few miles away. This third school ran until 2014. It seems that with age his interests and teaching methods evolved (though his intensity did not necessarily mellow). And Romero points out that the blossoming of BJJ and MMA had a definite impact on the type of training that happened.
Still, Cheung’s contributions to the global martial arts community were not confined to his teaching activities. His name appeared in martial arts magazines, both in articles and letters, throughout the 1980s. Nor did he confine his contributions to the discussion of Wing Chun. He even emerged a popular advocate of a more combative understanding of Taijiquan, another art that he was deeply invested in.
In the early 1990s Hawkins Cheung gave what can only be considered a seminal (four-part) interview to Inside Kung Fu magazine. It must be considered mandatory reading by anyone interested in the development of Wing Chun during the post-WWII period. And it is hard to understate how much these articles shaped subsequent discussion of Bruce Lee’s legacy. Just check the footnotes of any of his biographical treatment published after 1992 to see what I mean.
Cheung was also something of an early adopter in the area of film and video recording. Steven Moody has noted that he collected 16 mm film of many of the most important figures in Wing Chun’s modern development. He is also reputed to have had films of various roof top challenge matches recorded earlier in Hong Kong. In an effort (only partially successful) to distribute some of this information, Hawkins Cheung established a Youtube Channel in 2013. There readers can find a manageable selection of his demonstration, discussions and interviews. He even posted some of his engagement with Wu and Chen style Taijiquan. In fact, you probably owe it to yourself to check out this vintage interview.
Memory is not an automatic thing, at either the individuals or the social level. We are all constantly curating our past as we choose what to remember and what we will allow to slip away. This process of remembering and forgetting is actually key to the construction of intergenerational Chinese martial arts communities. The social identity of a practitioner is defined, at least to some extent, by the lineage that they identify with.
Yet lineage is not history. It tells us a strong story about who we are now, but the ahistorical nature of the legend building process suggests that this way of viewing the martial arts is much less helpful if our goal is to understand how exactly we got here, or where we might be going.
The irony of Master Cheung’s life is that through his interviews he did much to preserve our history. Yet his story, like that of so many instructors in his generation, remains to be fully explored. Even in death he is still remembered as “Bruce Lee’s friend,” which is true, and something that he was proud of. Yet if this is the only fact that we remember, we are in danger of forgetting so much more about how Wing Chun evolved as it moved onto the global stage.
It is my fervent hope that in the coming months we will see more detailed remembrances and discussions of a critical career, one that should not be forgotten. But we should also take this moment to ask what other work must be done. Oral history projects are an important means by which non-specialists can contribute to the preservation of martial arts communities. It is something of a truism to say that the martial arts are always evolving, but we are in a particularly critical moment when so much of the post-WWII history of the TCMA will either be preserved or lost. All of this will only become our history if we first choose to remember it.
If you enjoyed this post you might also want to read: Remembering Chu Shong Tin and the Relationship between Theory and Observation in Chinese Martial Studies
Biography, Chinese Martial Studies, Current Events, Martial Studies, Wing Chun
biography, Bruce Lee, Chinese Martial Arts, globalization of Wing Chun, Hawkins Cheung, Kung Fu, Lives of Chinese martial artists, Martial Arts Studies, Ving Tsun, Wing Chun, Wushu
4 thoughts on “Hawkins Cheung and the Making of Modern Wing Chun History”
Drew Mayne
I was a student of Hawkins. He was very traditional and very thoughtful on how he passed down wing chun.
GGM Hawkins Cheung R.I.P. - CSL Wing Chun Singapore
Hawkins Cheung Interview from Inside Kung Fu - Snake vs Crane Wing Chun
Action Film Autopsy #70 Supple Mental! | Action Film Autopsy
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Christians for Truth
Egalitarian Myth
Fake Right
Race War Violence in Lewiston, Maine As Somalis Brag “We Aren’t Going Anywhere”
January 9, 2019 By CFT 6 Comments
The violence and crime resulting from the huge influx of Somali migrants into Lewiston, Maine, has been escalating, but the lack of police response has forced a town hall meeting to discuss the problem, at which the Somalis brazenly declared that they are in Lewiston to stay:
In an abhorrent display of ignorance and arrogance, Somalian immigrant leaders show their lack of appreciation for their American hosts and claim ‘We are what makes Maine great!’.
One woman even asks why they should have to assimilate to our American culture?
Why? Because when two very different cultures are forced to share the same set of laws, conflict become inevitable.
Another woman claimed, “We are not going anywhere, whether you like it or not!”. This kind of aggressive and threatening posture has absolutely no place in our society.
Worst of all, the Somalians have already started bringing group violence with them.
https://rightoftheright.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/Muslim-RefugeesImmigrants-Say-Theyre-Who-Make-Maine-Great.mp4
It couldn’t be more obvious that the police in Lewiston have been ordered from higher ups to stand down and not aggressively enforce the law with this Somali criminals. We see the same phenomenon all over Europe where migrants roam the streets with no fear of the police, and they know that even if they are arrested, the courts will be very lenient toward them. The only way “diversity” experiments like this one in Lewiston can “succeed” is if the police don’t enforce the existing laws otherwise most Somalis would have a criminal record, and their children would be kicked out of every school.
While Americans are distracted about the funding for Trump’s Wall, hundreds of thousands of migrants like these Somalis are being flown into the heartland of America legally. They are immediately given generous public assistance and welfare courtesy of the White taxpayers. Our legal system is there to protect them, not prosecute them, no matter how egregious their crimes.
These migrants are weapons of mass destruction, not the result of a misguided attempt to improve America with diversity, as we have pointed out in numerous articles:
Somalis Video Their Gang Rape of 13 Year Old Girl – Swedish Court Gives Them 4 Months
Somali Gang Beats White Man to Death in Maine – Media Silent
Minnesota: Massive $100M Fraud by Somalians & Muslims
Also on Christians for Truth:
Somalis Sending Children Back to Somalia to Avoid Dangerous Knife Crime in London
French City Cancels Vegan Festival Over Concerns About Vegan Violence
Black South African Archbishop Makgoba Admits that Black Violence Is 'Instinctual'
Filed Under: All Posts, Egalitarian Myth, Politics, Society
doug Burke says
Answer to the reason they should assimilate to American Culture.
Well because they come from a CLEARLY INFERIOR Culture (They in fact fled from their INFERIOR CULTURE) American Culture is CLEARLY SUPERIOR (They themselves picked the USA out of over 200 Countries as the one they wanted to come to, including the countries who are far more similar to Somalia) In fact the USA is the #1 choice of country most people want to come to.
Since they say they don’t like America, I have good news for them, We don’t try to stop anyone from leaving if they want to, Talk of the Wall is because TOO MANY want to come to the USA, anyone who wants to leave is always free to do so.
Stein59 says
The Somali are usually known as Hamites, the tribe of Ham, brother of Sem (of Semites) and Japhet. They look black, but acts like lowlife Jews. They do not work, but want to chew Khat all day, always ready to whine, and play victim cards. They are incredible unpopular everywhere they come, as they are as made for social service.
The Hamites are known to be in that area, incl. Eritreans.
Ottify says
There was once a very effective tool used by whites to solve these very same problems in times past. It’s called LYNCHING. It’s time we get reacquainted with our ROOTS!
Flanders says
Are there hidden (((elements))) within many of these differing races and nationalities which are being imported into our countries against the will and wishes of the true American people? I do believe that often there are, but if that is the case, how are we White people to make those determinations without first having had previous in depth exposures to their boring, and backward diverse cultures – which our people have always been kept at bay for good reasons?
Although we may not be aware about those backgrounds, that doesn’t mean that there are not (((Others))) who intentionally make themselves well aware about them – and about knowing how to use them effectively against our American people.
“The Yibir, also referred to as Yibbir, Yebir or Yahhar, are a caste within Somali people.[1] They have traditionally been endogamous, and their hereditary occupation has been as magicians, leather work, dispensing traditional medicine and making amulets… they perform menial tasks in Somali communities and are considered an outcast.”
The Yibir have a language (a dialect of Somali) they keep secret from the ruling Somali clans.[9]Although Muslims and ethnically similar to other Somalis, the Yibir caste has been traditionally denigrated, demeaned and discriminated against by higher social strata of the Somali society.
Jewish origin hypothesis[edit]
Another theory is that Yibir were ancient Jews who in a strongly Muslim country became the low castes among Somalis. Some Yibir state that they are descendants of Hebrews who arrived in the area long before the arrival of Somali nomads, and that the word “Yibir” means “Hebrew”.[21]
Despite their putative Jewish origins, the overwhelming majority of the Yibir, like the Somali population in general, adhere to Islam and know practically nothing of Judaism. Their rumored Hebrew origins has been offered as an explanation for the Yibir occupying a subordinate position in Somali society.”
The Yibir traditionally were itinerant magicians.[27] Their occupation in the Somalia have been similar to those of Dushan in southern Arabia, both being jesters in the employ of the chiefs.”
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yibir
Chesterton says
Q: What’s so bad about Somalia that makes thousands of them want to live in racist White America?
A: Somalians.
Torino says
Exactly. 100%
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About The City School
Founded in 2012 by visionary educators and brought to life through the hard work of dedicated parents, The City School is a public charter middle school currently serving 350 students in 6-8th grades. Admission is based on a lottery system. Our school is open to all residents of California.
The City School provides an exceptional education to a diverse student body. Through individual attention in a supportive and dynamic environment, students become creative and critical thinkers who ask questions, debate and express ideas fearlessly and respectfully. With a focus on civic responsibility, communication, and problem-solving, our students are prepared for a lifetime of critical thinking, meaningful work, and ongoing service to causes greater than themselves.
Our core values are Educational Excellence, Diversity, and Community. By educational excellence we mean that we engage every student socially, emotionally, and academically in a project-based rigorous education that challenges them to think critically, collaborate, create, and problem-solve. By diversity we mean that we proactively build a caring and inclusive community of diverse families that celebrate differences and learn from each other. By community we mean that we harness the energy and voice of all of our partners and stakeholders through collective input, shared responsibility, and active engagement to better serve our students.
The City School’s vision is to prove the power and impact of a truly collaborative public school organization. This means that we create schools in which diverse stakeholders exercise self-determination, autonomy, and collective and personal responsibility to pursue the collective goal of a world-class education for all of our students:
Students pursue their interests and engage in meaningful leadership and decision-making experiences, while excelling academically, and developing as critical thinkers, problem solvers, and strong communicators.
Families have a voice in the school and are actively engaged in supporting its success.
Faculty has the freedom and responsibility to develop a hands-on, standard-based curriculum that begins with student interests and prepares all students for success.
School leaders are empowered as decision-makers to design a school that is right for the local community and the enrolled families.
The result is a family of schools in which diverse stakeholders feel ownership and connection to student outcomes, and remain actively engaged during and beyond their time with the community.
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Tag Archives: Mary McDonnell
Kevin Spacey discovers the wonders of Internet porn.
(2011) Drama (Roadside Attractions) Kevin Spacey, Paul Bettany, Jeremy Irons, Demi Moore, Zachary Quinto, Penn Badgley, Stanley Tucci, Simon Baker, Mary McDonnell, Aasif Mandvi, Ashley Williams, Susan Blackwell, Maria Dizzia, Jim Kirk. Directed by J.C. Chandor
Money makes the world go round, and certainly we all need it to get by. There are those, however, who can’t get enough of it and have plundered and pillaged their way into a global economic meltdown. The worst part of it is that there are those who knew what was about to happen but did nothing; they are at least complicit partners in the crime.
At a staid, respected Wall Street firm in 2008, layoffs are underway. A tap on the shoulder is the kiss of death as 80% of the workforce on this particular floor is about to be sent home. One of those being let go is Eric Dale (Tucci), a manager in the risk assessment team. As he is being escorted out, he hands a flash drive to his protégé Peter Sullivan (Quinto) and tells him it’s something he was working on and asks Peter to see if he can finish it. Then, somewhat strangely, he tells him to “Be careful.”
Well, that’s like catnip to a former rocket engineer like Sullivan so while the other survivors are out celebrating their stay of execution, Sullivan is working on the file and when he figures it out, the results are so monstrous that he has to call someone in. That someone is senior trader Will Emerson (Bettany) who in turn calls his boss Sam Rogers (Spacey), the head of trading.
What Sullivan has discovered is that the company has purchased a lot of mortgage-based securities that, if their value were to deteriorate by just 25% would mean that the companies losses would be greater than what the company was worth. That would mean bankruptcy and scandal and the end of the gravy train they’ve all been riding on.
During the course of the night, the findings are pushed up the ladder. The head of Risk Management Sarah Robertson (Moore) and her boss Jared Cohen (Baker) are brought into the loop and it soon becomes apparent they knew a lot more about the situation than they had let on. It quickly becomes a case of looking out for your own tush as the firm’s British CEO John Tuld (Irons) flies in via helicopter as dawn breaks.
These executives will be making decisions that will have far-reaching economic implications, not to mention a moral dilemma as Tuld’s decision is to sell off the worthless securities before it becomes general knowledge that they’re worthless. Can Rogers order his traders to essentially destroy their own careers to save the firm? Should he?
The story is rather loosely based on that of Lehman Brothers (whose CEO is Richard Fuld) although there are certainly some factual differences. That there are those in the financial industry who played fast and loose with the rules and with morality there is no doubt. That the greed of banks, financial firms and those politicians who helped remove the safeguards and overseers that might have protected us from these rapacious sharks has put our economy down the tubes there is also no doubt.
Chandor, the son of a Merrill Lynch executive, has an insider’s perspective and he helps make a movie that really covers some fairly arcane numbers-based material without going too far over the heads of the average audience member. There’s some good writing here; understanding what happened in 2008 often feels like you need a degree in math just to grasp the basics. Here, it’s shown in fairly plain terms what happened to a lot of firms at the time.
The performances here are universally compelling. Spacey is more or less the focus of the moral dilemma; he alone of most of the executives has a pretty good wrestling match with his conscience. He isn’t possessed of a snowy white soul – he certainly is flawed – but at least his first thought isn’t of his own career but the ramifications on the general public when this gets out.
Irons is also amazing as the reptilian CEO. There is a moment when he’s rattling off the dates of all the crashes and downturns on Wall Street, seemingly not noticing how much closer together those dates are getting as the years go by. Does he really not notice or does he actually not care that each of those dates represent enormous human misery?
This isn’t what you’d call action packed fare; much of it takes place in conference rooms at high level meetings. It gets pretty talky at times. While this is mostly an indictment of the greed and arrogance of Wall Street, it also does put a certain onus on the general public for aiding and abetting, a charge which isn’t entirely unfounded. In that sense, this is as fair and balanced a portrayal of the meltdown as I’ve seen to date.
This movie puts a human face on the greed and how the mentality of CYA and testosterone-fueled “profits first, people second” culture in Wall Street made what happened in 2008 inevitable. This is the dark face of capitalism and that the executives sound uncannily like prison guards at Dachau only makes this movie more compelling.
REASONS TO GO: A very realistic look at what goes on behind the curtain on Wall Street. Terrific performances and a well-written script augment this.
REASONS TO STAY: A little bit on the talky side.
FAMILY VALUES: There’s a whole lot of bad language.
TRIVIAL PURSUIT: The movie was filmed mostly at One Penn Plaza in New York on a floor recently vacated by a trading firm.
HOME OR THEATER: I’d see this in a theater if you can.
TOMORROW: In Time
Posted in New Releases | Tagged 2008 economic meltdown, Aasif Mandvi, Brooklyn, CEO, cinema, CYA, deception, Demi Moore, Drama, executives, Films, helicopters, Jeremy Irons, Kevin Spacey, Margin Call, Mary McDonnell, mortgages, movies, New York City, overvaluing, Paul Bettany, Penn Badgley, private cars, reviews, Roadside Attractions, securities, Simon Baker, skyscraper, Stanley Tucci, Wall Street, Zachary Quinto | Leave a reply
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Tag Archives: Washington DC
New Chefs on the Block
Posted on May 10, 2017 by carlosdev
Aaron Silverman gets intense.
(2016) Documentary (Lateral Line) Aaron Silverman, Frank Lynn, Michel Richard, Frank Lynn Sr., Konstantin “Kosta” Troupos, BJ Lieberman, Anne Lynn, Emily Sprissler, Mike Isabella, Dan Silverman, Libby Diamond, Michael McNamara, Drew Adams, Kate Diamond, Danny Meyer, Andy Erdmann, Elizabeth Parker, Scott Muns, Aziz Shafi, Justin Eobstel, Andi Chesser, Alison Danie. Directed by Dustin Harrison-Atlas
It is said that the second hardest thing to do in the small business realm is to open up a new restaurant. The hardest thing to do is keep it open. As most people are aware, restaurants come and go with almost a terrifying regularity. People tend to be fickle and may pack your eatery one day and the next day be on to the new flavor of the week. Banks are very loathe to give out small business loans for that reason, particularly for would-be restaurateurs with no track record.
One of the toughest markets for restaurants is the Washington DC area. This documentary follows two men with very different concepts and very different hopes; one is Aaron Silverman, a chef with a pedigree that has brought him under the tutelage of some of the best in the business, including Michel Richard (who sadly passed away shortly after filming concluded for New Chefs on the Block). He had an idea of a five star dining experience at two star prices. In order to accomplish that he loaded up his kitchen with experienced chefs.
He also gave his staff health and dental benefits (a rarity in the food service industry) and regular hours, giving them the ability to plan their lives. This is also revolutionary stuff in an industry well-known for creating personal life chaos. Silverman is something of a perfectionist and the price it would take to make his dream happen was a heck of a lot more than the second chef.
Frank Lynn (who in the interest of transparency is the brother-in-law of the filmmaker) had been operating a successful pizza-oriented food truck for two years and yearned to have a brick-and-mortar location to call his own. He found one in the Maryland suburbs of DC but the space would need some extensive work. Believing that the $86,000 he raised through family members and Crowdfunding would be more than sufficient to get his neighborhood pizzeria open, he set about remodeling his space mainly with the help of his family and friends.
Both project take longer than expected to reach opening night and both are fraught with issues that threaten to kill the dreams of their prospective owners before they even get started. We see pretty much everything; the process of getting permits, the physical construction, ordering a pizza oven that turns out to be defective, the compromises and calamities all told.
Many restaurant owners are going to see this and chuckle ruefully to themselves. Others who are thinking about opening a restaurant might turn white as a sheet. However, the cautionary tale is that Harrison-Atlas turned out to be extraordinarily lucky; most restaurants don’t make it to their first anniversary and the number that make it to their second is terrifyingly low. Still, this is a fascinating behind the scenes look at how your neighborhood restaurants came into being. That the two owners are engaging and charismatic fellas makes this a lot more palatable because some might find the somewhat clinical view of the start to finish process a bit of a slog. However I assure you that you’ll leave the theater (or your home couch if you are watching through streaming or home video) a little bit more educated about the business and, even more likely, craving something good to eat.
REASONS TO GO: An informative look at what goes into opening a restaurant. A rooting interest is maintained even when the expectations aren’t realistic.
REASONS TO STAY: Might be a little bit too “nuts and bolts” for some.
FAMILY VALUES: There’s some profanity occasionally.
TRIVIAL PURSUIT: Rose’s Luxury would go on to win the James Beard award for Best New Restaurant, Mid-Atlantic Region in 2014.
COMPARISON SHOPPING: King Georges
NEXT: A Quiet Passion
Posted in New Releases | Tagged Aaron Silverman, brother-in-law, cinema, Cinema365, credit cards, Crowdfunding, customer experience, Documentary, family assistance, Films, fine dining, Florida Film Festival, Florida Film Festival 2017, Food Documentary, food truck, Frank Lynn, James Beard Foundation, Lateral Line, Michel Richard, movies, New Chefs on the Block, pizzeria, reviews, start-up costs, suburban pizzeria, Washington DC | Leave a reply
Jackie (2016)
A White House isn’t necessarily a home.
(2016) Biographical Drama (Fox Searchlight) Natalie Portman, Peter Sarsgaard, Greta Gerwig, Billy Crudup, John Hurt, Richard E. Grant, Caspar Phillipson, Beth Grant, John Carroll Lynch, Max Casella, Sara Verhagen, Héléne Kuhn, Deborah Findlay, Corey Johnson, Aidan O’Hare, Ralph Brown, David Caves, Penny Downie, Georgie Glen, Julie Judd. Directed by Pablo Larrain
One of the most iconic women of the 20th century was Jacqueline Bouvier Kennedy Onasis. She epitomized elegance, grace, charm, culture and beauty in her era. To many, she epitomized the ideal of what a First Lady should be. Fiercely private, she rarely discussed her innermost feelings with anyone, even her most intimate confidantes. Riding in a motorcade in Dallas at her husband’s side, she would be the closest witness to one of the most singularly dramatic events of American history and yet she spoke very little about it after the fact.
This biopic mainly covers three separate events in the life of Jackie Kennedy (Portman); her 1961 televised taping of a personalized tour of the White House, for which she led an important restoration work; the assassination of her husband (Phillipson) and the events of the following week leading up to the funeral procession and an interview a week later with an unnamed journalist (Crudup) but who is mainly based on Theodore White of Life Magazine.
Portman nails her unique voice, a combination of New England patrician and breathy Marilyn Monroe sultriness. She portrays the First Lady as a woman knocked completely off-balance by the murder of her husband, and somewhat uncomfortable with the limelight. During the taping of her show, she is urged by her assistant Nancy Tuckerman (Gerwig) to smile which she does, somewhat shyly but she seems unsure of herself, as if she hasn’t quite memorized the lines she’s supposed to say. In the week following the assassination, she shows a hidden core of steel to Jack Valenti (Casella) who is LBJ’s (Lynch) chief of staff, as well as to her brother-in-law Bobby Kennedy (Sarsgaard).
She realizes her husband’s legacy will be incomplete and that if he is to have one, she will have to orchestrate it. It is she who comes up with the Camelot analogy, based on the hit musical of the time which she claimed her husband was quite fond of (and he may well have been – he never commented on it during his lifetime). While most believe that she made the reference off-handedly, the film (and writer Noel Oppenheim) suggest it was a deliberate attempt to give his presidency a mythic quality. If true, it certainly worked.
Portman is brilliant here; she is quite rightly considered the front-runner for the Best Actress Oscar and a nomination is certainly a lock. She has to tackle a great number of emotions; grief, frustration, anger, fear, self-consciousness – and hold it all under that veneer of charm and civility that Jackie was known for. The First Lady we see here is vastly different than the one that history remembers. In all honesty, who’s to say this version is wrong?
Larrain gets the period right from the fashions to the attitude of the people living in it. The Presidency at the time is not something that is bartered to the highest bidder; it is a position of respect that is won by the will of the people. The Kennedy clan understood that quite well and Larrain also understands it. The Presidency was held in a higher regard back then.
We get a Jackie Kennedy here who is much more politically savvy than history gives her credit for; she knows exactly what the right thing to say is and she holds herself in a way that reflects positively on her husband more than on herself. It is forgotten now but while her husband was President Jackie was considered to be a bit of a spendthrift. Much of her standing was achieved after she was no longer First Lady, but then an assassination of one’s husband will do that.
I do have a bone to pick with the film and that is its score. While the music of Camelot is used liberally and well, the score penned by Mica Levi is often discordant and sounds like it belongs on a European suspense thriller rather than a biography of the widow of President Kennedy. When the music becomes intrusive, it takes the viewer out of the film and that’s exactly what this score does; it gets the viewer thinking about the music rather than the film as a whole. Larrain also jumps around quite a bit in the timeline, showing the movie mainly as flashbacks and flash-forwards. It isn’t confusing so much as distracting and once again, the viewer is often taken out of the movie by being made aware that they are watching a movie. Good movies immerse their viewer and make them part of the experience and at times, this movie does. Then again, at times it does the opposite.
While this is essentially a biography, it is also very much conjecture. Most movies about the Kennedy assassination see it from the eyes of the President or from the witnesses; none to my knowledge have even attempted to view it through the First Lady’s perspective. I would imagine that largely is because we don’t know what the First Lady’s perspective was; she kept that well-hidden and knowing what I know about her, that isn’t surprising. I don’t know what she would have thought about this film but I suspect she would have been appalled by the rather graphic scene of her husband’s assassination and perhaps amused by what people thought she was thinking. I don’t know that Larrain and Oppenheim got it right; I suspect they got some of it right but we’ll never know. And perhaps that’s just as well; we need our myths to be inviolate. When Jackie, portrayed as a chain smoker here, icily tells the journalist “I don’t smoke,” when he wonders aloud what the public would think of her smoking, she’s making clear that she understands the need for mythological figures to be pure and that she has accepted her role as such.
Just as Lincoln, whose name is often bandied about in the film, belongs to the ages, so does John Kennedy – and Jackie as well. This is a strong film that your enjoyment of is going to depend a great deal on your opinion of the Kennedys to begin with. Some will be irritated that her carefully manicured persona is skewered here; others will be irritated that she is given a certain amount of sympathetic portrayal. In any case, anyone who loves great performances should make sure they see Portman’s work – it is truly worth the price of admission.
REASONS TO SEE: Portman gives a tour-de-force performance that is justifiably the odds-on favorite to win the Best Actress Oscar. The era and attitudes are captured nicely.
REASONS TO MISS: The soundtrack is annoying.
FAMILY VALUES: There is some profanity and a scene of graphic violence and gore.
TRIVIAL PURSUIT: Producer Darren Aronofsky (who at one time was set to direct this with Rachel Weisz in the title role) also directed Portman to her Oscar win for Black Swan.
CRITICAL MASS: As of 12/28/16: Rotten Tomatoes: 88% positive reviews. Metacritic: 81/100.
COMPARISON SHOPPING: 13 Days
NEXT: Manchester by the Sea
Posted in New Releases | Tagged 1960s, Beth Grant, Billy Crudup, biographical drama, Bobby Kennedy, Camelot, cinema, Cinema365, Dallas, Films, First Lady, Fox Searchlight, funeral procession, Greta Gerwig, grief, Hyannisport, interview, Jackie, Jackie Kennedy, John Carroll Lynch, John F. Kennedy, John Hurt, journalist, Kennedy compound, Lady Bird Johnson, LBJ, legacy, Max Casella, movies, Natalie Portman, Peter Sarsgaard, political savvy, political spin, President Lyndon Baines Johnson, presidential assassination, presidential legacy, reviews, Richard Burton, Richard E. Grant, Washington DC, White House | Leave a reply
A loving couple.
(2016) True Life Drama (Focus) Ruth Negga, Joel Edgerton, Nick Kroll, Marton Csokas, Jon Bass, Will Dalton, Sharon Blackwood, Christopher Mann, Alano Miller, Winter Lee Holland, Bill Camp, Terri Abney, David Jensen, Michael Shannon, Matt Malloy, Jennifer Joyner, Quinn McPherson, Dalyn M. Cleckley, Brenan Young, D.L. Hopkins, Keith Tyree, Coley Campany. Directed by Jeff Nichols
At one time in our history, interracial marriages were illegal in a number of states of the union. Those who supported such laws often cited the Bible about how God never meant the races to intermix. This is living proof that the more that things change, the more they stay the same.
Richard Loving (Edgerton) is a hardworking construction worker in rural Virginia, a town called Central Point. He lays bricks to build homes. He also has fallen in love with Mildred Jeter (Negga), a woman of African descent. The feeling is mutual and he gets her pregnant. Richard is over the moon about this in his own stolid way; he proposes marriage and she accepts. However, in order to marry her, he’ll have to drive to Washington DC where interracial marriages are legal. The couple returns home to live with Mildred’s parents.
Five weeks after the ceremony, Sheriff Brooks (Csokas) and his deputies kick down their door and arrest the couple who had been sleeping soundly in their bed. Richard is bailed out but Mildred is kept several days as the obsequious county clerk refuses to allow anyone to bail her out until after the weekend. The couple engages a lawyer (Camp) who is acquainted with Judge Bazile (Jensen) who is hearing the case. He agrees to drop the charges – if the couple leaves the state of Virginia immediately and vow not to return for 25 years.
The Lovings are willing to comply but life in Washington DC (where they’re staying with a member of Mildred’s family) is a far cry from the peaceful rural life they loved. Homesick and without anywhere to turn, Mildred writes a letter to Bobby Kennedy, then the Attorney General who refers the matter to the American Civil Liberties Union. The case is assigned to lawyer Bernie Cohen (Kroll) who knows that this could be a landmark case – but it will require much sacrifice on the part of the Loving family.
The case is an important one, one that was used as a precedent in striking down recently the Defense of Marriage Act that prevented same-sex marriages. There is certainly a modern parallel to be made here but director Jeff Nichols wisely chooses to play that aspect down. He seems to prefer making his point quietly and subtly.
There is no speechifying here, no grand courtroom arguments and no stirring orchestras highlighting moments of great sacrifice. Mostly, Nichols portrays Richard and Mildred as ordinary folks who just want to be left alone. They are thrust into the national spotlight somewhat unwillingly; they never set out to be civil rights symbols but they certainly had to be aware that they would become one. We aren’t privy to that side of them however; what we see is the couple going about their lives while coping with what had to be immense pressure.
Negga’s name has come up this awards season for Best Actress honors and she’s almost certain to get a nomination for the Oscar (although she will have an uphill battle against Natalie Portman’s performance In Jackie which is currently the odds on favorite to win the award) . It is Mildred’s film and mostly seen from her point of view. A shy and retiring sort, she is by necessity the spokesperson for the couple; Richard is so taciturn that he is almost surly. Negga plays Mildred with grace and dignity, and at no time does she ever give a hint of feeling sorry for herself, although Mildred had plenty of reason to.
Edgerton has much less dialogue to deliver although he has maybe the most emotional scene in the movie when he breaks down when things are looking their bleakest. Richard was not a very complicated man and certainly not a loquacious one; he just wants to be left alone, but he realizes that he can’t have the life he wants in the home he’s always known if something isn’t done and so he simply allows those who have the savvy and the education to get things done to guide his steps, although he clearly isn’t always happy about it.
The overall vibe is very low-key; there are few scenes that are loud and I don’t mean just in volume. Mostly Nichols keeps things quiet and simple. He resists the urge to portray the couple as heroic in the traditional sense; they were heroic simply by saying “we only want to love each other and build a life together.” They weren’t activists, they weren’t firebrands and Nichols prefers to stick to history here. Some might even call them dull.
But they were heroic nonetheless. Many thousands of people who have married outside of their race owe their freedom to do so to Richard and Mildred Loving. Both of them are deceased at this point so there’s no way to know what they thought of this portrayal of them; something tells me that had they lived to see this movie, they probably would have wondered what all the fuss is about. This is an outstanding movie that portrays the kind of people that I think should truly considered American heroes. Heroes don’t always run into burning buildings or run onto battlefields; sometimes a hero is the one who simply says “this isn’t right” and sees things through until real change occurs. The Lovings certainly did that.
REASONS TO SEE: A story with reverberations that make it timely even now. Understated but powerful performances from Negga and Edgerton elevate the film. The film doesn’t hit you over the head with a political message.
REASONS TO MISS: May be too low-key for some.
FAMILY VALUES: The themes are pretty adult.
TRIVIAL PURSUIT: Nichols, Edgerton and Shannon previously combined on Midnight Special.
COMPARISON SHOPPING: The Loving Story
NEXT: Allied
Posted in New Releases | Tagged 1950s, 1960s, arrested, Bill Camp, bricklayer, cinema, Cinema365, construction, Films, Focus Features, interracial marriages, jail, Jeff Nichols, Joel Edgerton, Life Magazine, Loving, Marton Csokas, Michael Shannon, midwife, movies, Nick Kroll, photographer, property, reviews, rural community, Ruth Negga, supreme court, true-life drama, Virginia, Washington DC | Leave a reply
Jack Reacher: Never Go Back
Posted on November 17, 2016 by carlosdev
Tom Cruise finds his “make the ketchup bottle disappear” trick didn’t work as well as expected.
(2016) Action (Paramount) Tom Cruise, Cobie Smulders, Aldis Hodge, Danika Yarosh, Patrick Heusinger, Holt McCallany, Judd Lombard, Jason Douglas, Madalyn Horcher, Robert Catrini, Anthony Molinari, M. Serrano, Nicole Barre, Jessica Stroup, Sharon E. Smith, Teri Wyble, Sean Boyd, Austin Hébert, Sabrina Gennarino, Ernest Wells, Lizbeth Hutchings. Directed by Edward Zwick
Most of us have some sort of moral code. It might not be straight and narrow and it might be more flexible than most, but it’s there. For most of us, there are things that just cannot stand. Then again, there are those whose codes, for better or worse, are about as flexible as the Rock of Gibraltar. Sometimes, that can be a good thing.
Jack Reacher (Cruise) was once in charge of a Military Police investigative unit until he retired from the armed forces. He prefers to live off the grid, moving from place to place and living off his pension which he collects in cash. He hitchhikes to get from place to place. He’s a loner by nature and will never initiate a conversation without reason to, but if you get up in his grill he absolutely will mop the floor with your carcass.
His successor in the unit is the ramrod-tough straight shooter Major Susan Turner (Smulders) on whom Reacher asks a favor from time to time. The two have developed a friendly, semi-flirtatious repartee that doesn’t seem to have much expectation that anything will come of it, but there is clearly mutual respect between the two and Reacher doesn’t respect a whole lot of people. After she arrests a group of human traffickers operating from a military base (and rescuing Reacher from being arrested himself for assault in the bargain), he tells her that he owes her a dinner and she can collect the next time he’s in D.C.
But by the time Reacher gets there, things have turned upside down; Major Turner has been arrested for espionage, something Reacher thinks smells fishy. And the more he talks to her commanding officer (McCallany), the fishier the smell. Pretty soon, he discovers that two of her direct reports in Afghanistan turned up dead. Quickly Reacher’s nose indicates that there’s a nasty little conspiracy going on and that Major Turner – whom he scarcely knows but considers a friend – is not safe in jail. He breaks her out and goes on the run, pursued by – well, everybody including a black-gloved assassin (Heusinger) with no name who might just be Reacher’s equal in hand-to-hand combat.
To further complicate matters, there’s a teenage girl (Yarosh) who may or may not be Reacher’s daughter and because she might be, she’s in the crosshairs of the killers. Whether she’s his progeny or not, he can’t just leave her in the hands of the wolves, so Reacher knows he’s going to have to do what he does best – kick ass and dig until he finds the truth, assuming you can handle it (see what I did there).
The Reacher book series penned by author Lee Child is at 21 books as of this writing and continuing to climb. The series has a fairly rabid fan base, not all of whom are especially pleased over the two films that have been adapted, particularly as the hero is 6’4” in the book, nearly a foot taller than what Cruise is in real life. Short of budget-busting special effects, nothing is going to make Cruise that tall. He is then forced to take up the slack with attitude.
And to a certain extent, it works. Reacher feels dangerous here. Maybe it’s the way he looks at you sideways or the coiled spring tension in Cruise’s body language but you get a sense that rubbing this guy the wrong way would be a bad and potentially fatal idea. I will give Cruise that – he gets the attitude of Reacher right.
But that makes it a bit of a hard sell. Reacher as written isn’t the sharing kind. He’s taciturn, sullen, often hostile. He’s smart in a predatory kind of way. He’s also self-disciplined as you’d expect for an elite military officer but that doesn’t mean he can’t explode into violence when the need arises. It’s the kind of character that Clint Eastwood might have owned a few decades ago, or more recently maybe Schwarzenegger. In many ways, Jack Reacher isn’t much different than a number of action hero loners with faulty social skills and therein lies the rub.
Much of the movie (particularly in the second half) requires Reacher to be something of a father figure and it just comes off…wrong. Reacher is loyal to a fault but that doesn’t make him an ideal family man. The interactions between Reacher and Samantha (said sullen teen whose moral compass is a bit shadier than his) are awkward as they should be, but that ends up making you feel uncomfortable, like listening to Florence Foster Jenkins singing karaoke.
The action sequences are decently staged, although unremarkable in and of themselves. The climactic fight between the assassin and Reacher on the rooftops of the French Quarter (and it must be said that the Big Easy looks pretty great here) is lengthy but it feels predictable. I’m not saying that it’s horrible, it just didn’t wow me. Perhaps I’ve seen too many action movies.
All in all, this is entertaining enough to recommend but not enough to recommend vigorously. I think that a good movie can be made from the Child novels but thus far the movies have been decent but not memorable. They make for some nice time fillers if you’re bored and want to kill a couple of hours, but if you’ve got a yen for an action movie that’s going to leave you breathless with your heart pounding, this isn’t the one to select.
REASONS TO GO: Some pretty decent action sequences highlight the film. The filmmakers utilize the New Orleans location nicely.
REASONS TO STAY: For the most part the film is pretty unremarkable. It loses steam in the second half.
FAMILY VALUES: There is all sorts of violence and action movie goodness, a bit of profanity, some adult themes and a couple of bloody images.
TRIVIAL PURSUIT: The film is based on the eighteenth book in the series; its predecessor was based on the ninth book.
COMPARISON SHOPPING: Out for Justice
NEXT: Denial
Posted in New Releases | Tagged action, Afghanistan, Aldis Hodge, arrest warrant, artwork, assassin, based on a novel, car chase, cinema, Cinema365, Cobie Smulders, drug abuse, Films, foster parents, gun battle, hitchhiking, Holt McCallany, Jack Reacher: Never Go Back, Lee Child, military police, movies, murder, New Orleans, off the grid, Paramount Pictures, paternity test, Patrick Heusinger, reviews, rooftop fight, security contractor, sequel, Tom Cruise, US Army, Washington DC | Leave a reply
Posted on August 20, 2016 by carlosdev
Matt Damon espies a Trump for President sign.
(2016) Spy Action (Universal) Matt Damon, Tommy Lee Jones, Alicia Vikander, Vincent Cassel, Julia Styles, Riz Ahmed, Ato Essandoh, Scott Shepherd, Bill Camp, Vinzenz Kiefer, Stephen Kunken, Ben Stylianou, Kaya Yuzuki, Matthew O’Neill, Lizzie Phillips, Paris Stangl, Matt Blair, Amy De Bruhn, Akie Kotabe, Robin Crouch, Gregg Henry, Ava Katharina Maria Hoeller. Directed by Paul Greengrass
It’s been nine years since the most recent Bourne movie and that’s a long time for a spy to be on the shelf. Can the franchise that was once set to overtake Bond in the spy market recover?
Jason Bourne (Damon) has been living off the grid, but that’s what happens when the CIA wants you dead. He’s been making a living doing underground fights in Macedonia which is essentially a one punch affair for the world’s most dangerous assassin. Maybe all the blows to the head in the first three movies have jarred something loose but he remembers his past now, all of it. And he remembers in particular a meeting with his father (Henry) just moments before he was assassinated and at about the time that he – then known as David Webb – was recruited for Treadstone.
But as his long-time ally Nicky Parsons (Stiles) says, just because he remembers everything doesn’t mean he knows everything and he’s clearly got a lot to learn and he’s gonna go find out what he needs to know. New CIA director Robert Dewey (Jones) has a lot of skeletons in his closet and he doesn’t want Bourne opening his closet door. He sends an operative known only as the Asset (Cassel) after Bourne and Parsons, which doesn’t bode well for either of them.
Dewey in the meantime has an agreement with tech billionaire Aaron Kalloor (Ahmed) who made his billions with a Facebook-like social media site that hides a nefarious secret and Kalloor is about to come clean, something Dewey cannot allow. Working on Dewey’s team is Heather Lee (Vikander), a CIA analyst and computer expert who is figuring out that there is a game afoot, but the players are playing for keeps and may well be out of her league. She will be the wild card when the end game makes its inexorable appearance.
I left the theater feeling a sense of déjà vu and not in a good way. There were high hopes for this franchise; not only was it making monster profits but first director Doug Liman and then Greengrass created bold, kickass movies that not only redefined the spy genre but made it relevant in the 21st century; even the James Bond franchise seemed to borrow from Bourne tonally once Daniel Craig was aboard. This feels like it cribbed a lot of its material from previous Bourne movies.
Greengrass likes to use the handheld camera for fight scenes and that does, I’ll admit, create a very kinetic action sequence. It also makes it nearly impossible to tell who is doing what to whom, and as a result it tends to waste the choreography and skill of those doing the fighting. I’m already prone to vertigo and those scenes don’t do me any favors; friends who have seen the movie who have no balance issues have reported feeling queasy during the fight scenes and having to look away from the screen. I get that this is something that Greengrass is known for and it’s tough sometimes for a filmmaker to give up a trademark of their style but perhaps he should consider it in this case.
Damon however, having won an Oscar since the last time he played Bourne, still is as Chuck Norris as they come in the role and yes I’m using the actor’s name as an adjective. He scowls with the best of them – in fact, I don’t think anyone cracks a smile in the entire movie that I could remember – and kicks bootie as well as any actor who doesn’t have a martial arts background to begin with. Bourne may well end up being his signature role (as Bond was for Sean Connery and Harry Callahan was for Clint Eastwood) and that’s not necessarily a bad thing.
Tommy Lee Jones is also fun to watch; he’s a crocodile in a business suit with a lapel pin and you can feel the slime dripping off of him as he works his magic. Hero or villain, Jones is one of the most reliable actors there has ever been; I can’t remember him ever phoning in a performance. French superstar Cassel (who is badly underrated here in the States) is almost Damon’s equal as the villainous Asset.
Despite the tendency towards overly kinetic camera work, Greengrass still knows how to mount edge-of-your-seat action sequences and the car chase down the Las Vegas strip near the movie’s conclusion may well be the best of the entire series. It is a thing of beauty and is worth seeing the film for all by itself. It is by no means the only well-staged action sequence in the film, however and in many ways other than Damon’s performance the action pieces are the best thing about the movie.
I don’t know if the franchise is getting a bit tired; something tells me that Greengrass probably has done about everything he needs to as far as Jason Bourne is concerned and while I think Damon is amazing in the role, it also might be time to put another actor into it if they are going to continue the franchise and if Damon won’t work with anyone else but Greengrass in order to play the part. Jeremy Renner will be returning in the not-too-distant future in another movie set in the Bourne universe, and perhaps it is time to see what other directors, writers and actors can do with it. I think that there’s a lot more that can come out of the franchise but this movie seems to indicate that those who have guided it successfully so far have essentially run out of steam.
REASONS TO GO: Matt Damon is as badass as ever. The Las Vegas car chase is a classic.
REASONS TO STAY: Shaky handheld camera work smacks of “Look, Ma, I’m Directing” syndrome. Too many elements are just like other Bourne films.
FAMILY VALUES: There is plenty of action and violence as well as a little bit of profanity.
TRIVIAL PURSUIT: Part of the film is set in Athens, Greece but due to the high taxes and bureaucratic obstacles, filming for that portion took place in Tenerife in the Canary Islands instead.
COMPARISON SHOPPING: Spectre
NEXT: Nerve
Posted in New Releases | Tagged Alicia Vikander, amnesia, assassin, Asset, Athens, Ato Essandoh, backdoor, Bill Camp, black ops, car bomb, CIA, cinema, Cinema365, computer hacker, Films, Gregg Henry, Jason Bourne, Julia Styles, Las Vegas, Matt Damon, movies, reviews, Riz Ahmed, Robert Ludlum, Scott Shepherd, spy action, Tommy Lee Jones, trade show, Universal Pictures, Vincent Cassel, Washington DC | Leave a reply
The Purge: Election Year
Ol’ Honest Abe hates what his country has become.
(2016) Thriller (Universal) Frank Grillo, Elizabeth Mitchell, Mykelti Williamson, Joseph Julian Soria, Betty Gabriel, Terry Serpico, Edwin Hodge, Kyle Secor, Barry Nolan, Liza Colon-Zayas, Ethan Phillips, Adam Cantor, Christopher James Baker, Jared Kemp, Brittany Mirabile, Raymond J. Barry, Naeem Duren, Naheem Garcia, Steven Barkhimer, Tom Kemp, Portland Helmich. Directed by James DeMonaco
We are a violent nation. There’s no disputing it. It runs in our veins, out the pores in our skin, and in every crack and crevice of our souls. We never left the gunfight at the OK Corral; we’re still out in the middle of the noonday sun, blazing away with our Colts – or just sitting on the side of the street, watching the carnage from a safe distance.
But there are those who are tired of it, who think that the Purge is being used to cleanse the poorer neighborhoods so that the government doesn’t have to spend as much on social programs. Senator Charlie Roan (Mitchell) is running for President on a platform of bringing the Purge to an end. She has seen how the New Founding Fathers, in the person of candidate Minister Edwidge Owens (Secor) who is running against her, have been lining their own pockets.
Of course the powers that be can’t have their cash cow being threatened, so they conspire to bring the crusading Senator to a sticky end. They enact a law which exempts nobody from the Purge – which the Senator would be because of her office – and look to place some moles in her team. The only one she can really trust is her security chief, Leo Barnes (Grillo) who was the subject of the previous Purge is now in the Secret Service and he is constantly exasperated by the Senator’s willingness to go walking into a crowd of supporters to press the flesh. Of course, it’s a nightmare for those trying to protect her from nutjobs and assassins.
With the new law in place and little time to shore up the security at the Senator’s home in suburban DC, Leo sets up what is essentially a fortress and leaves the Senator with the only person he can trust – himself, and maybe her campaign manager (Phillips). Unfortunately, his security team has been compromised and when the Purge starts in earnest, her home is attacked. Leo barely gets her out alive. They are rescued by Joe (Williamson) who owns a deli he’s desperately trying to protect, and his employee Marcos (Soria) who has a vested interest in keeping the deli safe. After an attack by a couple of spoiled bitches who were caught shoplifting by Laney Rucker (Gabriel), a sort of local hero from the Purge a couple years previous (essentially taking over from Carmen Ejogo in a role rewritten for Gabriel when Ejogo turned down a repeat performance), the Senator and Leo make their way to a safe zone operated by the legendary anti-Purge activist Dante Bishop (Hodge), who has plans of his own. Can the Senator survive the night and end the Purge once and for all?
I have long since held that the Purge series is a metaphor for modern politics. The New Founding Fathers are essentially Donald Trump in John McCain’s body. This being lefty Hollywood, you can kind of guess the dim view of the NFFs that the filmmakers take. I am not so naive to think that the right are all monsters and the left are all heroically fighting for the rights of the little guy. As the recent WikiLeaks release has shown us, there is plenty of corruption in the DNC to go around as well.
Grillo, who is mostly known for being a Hydra agent (Crossbones) in the Captain America movies, takes the unfamiliar heroic role and runs with it pretty well. He is not the matinee idol kind of guy; more of a rugged manly sort. Still, he has a future as an action hero if he chooses to go that route. Mitchell, best known for the TV show Lost, is luminous as Charlie Roan. Even the butt-ugly glasses she is forced to wear don’t take away from her natural glamour. Although some are comparing the character to Hillary Clinton, I think she is meant to be more of an Elizabeth Warren sort, although some may disagree. Secor is not really a Trump sort per se, but some will see certain figures of the Conservative Christian group in the good Minister (who is far from good). Mike Pence, anybody?
DeMonaco has helmed all three of the Purge movies and went from a home invasion story to a kind of overview tale to now one that attacks the mythology behind the story, which is a natural progression in my book and lets us see more into the circumstances in which the Purge would be allowed to continue for so long. In doing so, DeMonaco has helped create a cogent cinematic universe which is all the rage these days. Don’t be surprised if this does well that you don’t see a couple of spin-offs headed our way.
Politics aside, there is kind of a neo-Clockwork Orange vibe going on that is fascinating. It is also interesting that a film that is purportedly against the expression of violence is itself so violent. Some might find that a little hypocritical but I think that the irony is intentional; I’m big on giving Lefties the benefit of the doubt. What is less encouraging is that the movie seems a little more self-repetitive; I suspect the franchise could use a different perspective the next time around, assuming there is one. If there is, I wouldn’t mind but frankly, this was the most meh of the franchise so far.
REASONS TO GO: The movie really drills down into the Purge mythology more than any other film in the franchise.
REASONS TO STAY: Seems to be running a little bit out of steam.
FAMILY VALUES: Lots of violence, some of it graphic and a fair amount of profanity.
TRIVIAL PURSUIT: Edwin Hodge is the only actor to appear in all three Purge movies.
COMPARISON SHOPPING: The Warriors
NEXT: The Perfect Husband
Posted in New Releases | Tagged anarchy, cinema, Cinema365, community activists, deli, Edwin Hodge, Elizabeth Mitchell, Ethan Phillips, Films, Frank Grillo, Kyle Secor, movies, Mykelti Williamson, New Founding Fathers, political assassination, presidential election, Religious Right, reviews, sci-fi, Secret Service, The Purge: Election Year, thriller, Universal Pictures, urban vigilantes, Washington DC | Leave a reply
Linda Blair goes full demon.
(1973) Horror (Warner Brothers) Ellen Burstyn, Max von Sydow, Jason Miller, Linda Blair, Lee J. Cobb, Kitty Winn, Jack MacGowran, Rev. William O’Malley S.J., Barton Heyman, Pete Masterson, Rudolf Schûndler, Gina Petrushka, Robert Symonds, Arthur Storch, Rev. Thomas Bermingham S.J., Vasiliki Maliaros, Titos Vandis, John Mahon, Mercedes McCambridge (voice). Directed by William Friedkin
The devil is more concept than reality for most of us. We see the devil as a representation of our darker nature, the part that is less Godly, less good. We don’t see the devil as a physical, real being. At least, we didn’t before The Exorcist came along.
Based on a best-selling novel by acclaimed author William Peter Blatty, The Exorcist shattered box office records and caused a furor; some condemned it as a glorification of Satan, others as horror pornography. Others praised it for pushing boundaries. In any case, it re-defined horror movies from the stylized costume epics of Hammer and their ilk and brought realism into the genre. The shock waves it created reverberate today.
Regan Mac Neil (Blair) is the loving, sweet daughter of famous actress Chris Mac Neil (Burstyn) who is in Washington DC to film her latest movie. After playing with a Ouija board, strange things begin to occur around Regan; odd noises, suddenly using foul language (something she had never done before) and showing abnormal strength. When the bed she’s in shakes without apparent cause, Chris starts consulting doctors to see what’s wrong with her daughter. Nobody can find anything medically amiss.
Then Regan kills Burke Demmings (MacGowran), the director on Chris’ new film and a close friend. That prompts a police detective Lt. William Kinderman (Cobb) to investigate. Kinderman, a movie buff, is a little star struck but doesn’t let that prevent him from investigating thoroughly. What he finds is disturbing.
Father Lawrence Merrin (von Sydow) is a Catholic priest who was an exorcist earlier in his career. During that time he defeated a demon named Pazuzu. The experience so unsettled him that he hasn’t performed an exorcism in years. Now summoned by the Church to help the Mac Neil family which is running out of options, he is teamed with Father Damien Karras (Miller), a psychologist who has lost his faith in God since the death of his mother.
The two will face a foe unlike any they’ve ever seen, the tired old priest and the young disillusioned one but they are all that stand between Regan and a life of possession and horror. Can they stand up to something so powerful with only their faith as a weapon – and even that is eroded?
The Exorcist as I mentioned was not just a watershed moment in horror films but in cinematic history. The frenzy around it would predate future blockbusters like Jaws and Star Wars, which would lead Hollywood to the blockbuster mentality it has today, for better or for worse.
For its time, the scares were incredible. The actors reactions were often prompted by extreme measures; he fired off a gun beside Miller’s head in order to provoke a startled reaction, something Miller didn’t take too kindly to which led to an acrimonious dispute. He also put the women in harnesses and threw them around in order to show the power of the demonic entity; Burstyn sustained permanent spinal damage during one of these takes.
By modern standards, the practical effects are somewhat primitive but still effective. It’s refreshing to see images not made with computers but are still terrifying and realistic nonetheless. One of the things that made The Exorcist so frightening at the time was how realistic it was in terms of how it portrayed life in 1973. It could have happened anywhere. It could have happened in your neighborhood.
Von Sydow, who was only 44 when this was filmed, had already been a major star in Europe and was well-known in the States but this was a career maker for him. In the 70s and 80s he became a very popular actor, often as a villain. He continues to be very active today at 84. Burstyn, who was a respected actress whose performance in Alice Doesn’t Live Here Anymore garnered her an Oscar nomination, never really did a part like Chris Mac Neil again but she is astonishing in it. Miller, a respected playwright, had a distinguished acting career following his work in the film
And as for Linda Blair, The Exorcist made her a household name. She will never be completely divorced from Regan; even now, a middle aged woman, she is associated with that little girl. Regan has haunted her career pretty much all her life, which is both a good thing and not. Her name was enough to get her some roles she probably would like to see forgotten; but it has also maybe made people not take her as seriously as she deserved to be as an actress.
For many, this is the ultimate horror movie, the one by which all others are measured. There are also those who would argue for other films, but a very compelling argument can be made that The Exorcist is the most important horror movie of all time, not merely of its generation and those of us who are old enough to remember when it was released (I was 13 at the time) will be affected by the frenzy that accompanied it. For any horror fan, this is a must-see.
WHY RENT THIS: One of the greatest horror movies ever. Standout performances from virtually the entire cast. Intelligent and realistic.
WHY RENT SOMETHING ELSE: Some may find it too intense; others too bland.
FAMILY VALUES: Extremely foul language, scenes of terror and horror, some disturbing images and violence. There are also some graphic sexual references.
TRIVIAL PURSUIT: Not only is The Exorcist the highest-grossing Warner Brothers film of all time (adjusted for inflation) but also the highest-grossing R-rated film of all time (again, adjusting for inflation).
NOTABLE HOME VIDEO EXTRAS: The Blu-Ray edition contains both the original 1973 version and a 2000 Director’s Cut by Friedkin. There’s also a featurette on some of the locations from the movie; what they looked like back in 1973 and what they look like now as well as a featurette on knock off versions that were made after The Exorcist became so successful. There’s also a feature-length documentary on the making of the film. The 40th anniversary Blu-Ray edition includes all those as well as a featurette on author William Peter Blatty, a featurette on the original incident that inspired the novel and an interview with the man who brought it to Blatty’s attention as an undergraduate at Georgetown and a hardcover book including excerpts from Friedkin’s memoir.
BOX OFFICE PERFORMANCE: $441.3M on a $12M production budget.
SITES TO SEE: Netflix, Amazon, iTunes, Flixster, Vudu , M-Go
COMPARISON SHOPPING: The Omen
NEXT: A Brilliant Young Mind
Posted in DVD Review | Tagged Catholic Church, cinema, Cinema365, demonic possession, DVD Reviews, Ellen Burstyn, exorcism, Films, Georgetown University, horror, Iraq, Jason Miller, Lee J. Cobb, Linda Blair, Max von Sydow, medical doctors, movie star, movies, murder, Pazuzu, police detective, Six Days of Darkness, Six Days of Darkness 2015, steps, The Exorcist, Warner Brothers, Washington DC | Leave a reply
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The Ferrari Testarossa (Type F110) is a 12-cylinder mid-engine sports car manufactured by Ferrari, which went into production in 1984 as the successor to the Ferrari Berlinetta Boxer. The Pininfarina-designed car was originally produced from 1984 to 1991, with two model revisions following the ending of Testarossa production and the introduction of the 512 TR and F512 M which were produced from 1992 to 1996. Almost 10,000 Testarossas, 512 TRs, and F512 Ms were produced, making it one of the most-produced Ferrari models, despite its high price and exotic design. In 1995, the F512 M retailed for $220,000 (£136,500).
The Testarossa is a two-door coupé that premiered at the 1984 Paris Auto Show. All versions of the Testarossa had the power fed through the wheels from a rear-mounted, five-speed manual transmission. The rear mid-engine, rear-wheel drive layout (engine between the axles but behind the cabin) keeps the centre of gravity in the middle of the car, which increases stability and improves the car's cornering ability, and thus results in a standing weight distribution of 40% front: 60% rear. The original Testarossa was re-engineered for 1992 and released as the 512 TR, at the Los Angeles Auto Show, effectively as a completely new car, and an improved weight distribution of 41% front: 59% rear. The F512 M was introduced at the 1994 Paris Auto Show. The car dropped the TR initials and added the M which in Italian stood for modificata, or translated to modified, and was the final version of the Testarossa, and continued its predecessor's weight distribution improvement of 42% front: 58% rear. The F512 M was Ferrari's last mid-engine 12-cylinder car, apart from the limited edition F50, Enzo and LaFerrari, featuring the company's last flat engine. The Testarossa was replaced in 1996 by the front-engined 550 Maranello coupé.
The vehicle should not be confused with the Ferrari TR "Testa Rossa" of the late 1950s and early 1960s, which were sports cars that ran in the World Sportscar Championship, including the 24 Hours of Le Mans.
Serie Coupé Coupé Coupé
Trunk capacity N/A
Fuel consumption 15 liters/100km
Weight N/A
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LABOR BOARD v. ERIE RESISTOR CORP.
LABOR BOARD v. ERIE RESISTOR CORP.(1963)
Even in the absence of a finding of specific illegal intent and notwithstanding the employer's claim that his action was necessary to continue his operations during a strike, the National Labor Relations Board was justified in finding that it was a violation of 8 (a) of the National Labor Relations Act for the employer to discriminate between employees who struck and employees who worked during a strike by awarding an additional seniority credit of 20 years to replacements for strikers and also to strikers who returned to work during the strike, so that, in a subsequent layoff, strikers who did not return to work until after the strike terminated were laid off as junior employees. Labor Board v. Mackay Radio & Tel. Co., 304 U.S. 333 , distinguished. Pp. 221-237.
303 F.2d 359, reversed and cause remanded.
Norton J. Come argued the cause for petitioner. With him on the brief were Solicitor General Cox, Stuart Rothman and Dominick L. Manoli.
John G. Wayman argued the cause for respondents. With him on the brief for respondent Erie Resistor Corp. were John C. Bane, Jr. and Irving Olds Murphy. On the briefs for respondent International Union of Electrical, Radio & Machine Workers, Local 613, AFL-CIO, were Benjamin C. Sigal and David S. Davidson.
MR. JUSTICE WHITE delivered the opinion of the Court.
The question before us is whether an employer commits an unfair labor practice under 8 (a) 1 of the [373 U.S. 221, 222] National Labor Relations Act, 61 Stat. 136, 29 U.S.C. 158, when he extends a 20-year seniority credit to strike replacements and strikers who leave the strike and return to work. The Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit in this case joined the Ninth Circuit, Labor Board v. Potlatch Forests, Inc., 189 F.2d 82 (and see Labor Board v. Lewin-Mathes, 285 F.2d 329, from the Seventh Circuit), to hold that such super-seniority awards are not unlawful absent a showing of an illegal motive on the part of the employer. 303 F.2d 359. The Sixth Circuit, Swarco, Inc., v. Labor Board, 303 F.2d 668, and the National Labor Relations Board are of the opinion that such conduct can be unlawful even when the employer asserts that these additional benefits are necessary to continue his operations during a strike. To resolve these conflicting views upon an important question in the administration of the National Labor Relations Act, we brought the case here. 371 U.S. 810 .
Erie Resistor Corporation and Local 613 of the International Union of Electrical, Radio and Machine Workers were bound by a collective bargaining agreement which was due to expire on March 31, 1959. In January 1959, both parties met to negotiate new terms but, after extensive bargaining, they were unable to reach agreement. Upon expiration of the contract, the union, in support of its contract demands, called a strike which was joined by all of the 478 employees in the unit. 2
The company, under intense competition and subject to insistent demands from its customers to maintain deliveries, [373 U.S. 221, 223] decided to continue production operations. Transferring clerks, engineers and other nonunit employees to production jobs, the company managed to keep production at about 15% to 30% of normal during the month of April. On May 3, however, the company notified the union members that it intended to begin hiring replacements and that strikers would retain their jobs until replaced. The plant was located in an area classified by the United States Department of Labor as one of severe unemployment and the company had in fact received applications for employment as early as a week or two after the strike began.
Replacements were told that they would not be laid off or discharged at the end of the strike. To implement that assurance, particularly in view of the 450 employees already laid off on March 31, the company notified the union that it intended to accord the replacements some form of super-seniority. At regular bargaining sessions between the company and union, the union made it clear that, in its view, no matter what form the super-seniority plan might take, it would necessarily work an illegal discrimination against the strikers. As negotiations advanced on other issues, it became evident that super-seniority was fast becoming the focal point of disagreement. On May 28, the company informed the union that it had decided to award 20 years' 3 additional seniority both to replacements and to strikers who returned to work, which would be available only for credit against future layoffs and which could not be used for other employee benefits based on years of service. The strikers, at a union meeting the next day, unanimously resolved to continue striking now in protest against the proposed plan as well. [373 U.S. 221, 224]
The company made its first official announcement of the super-seniority plan on June 10, and by June 14, 34 new employees, 47 employees recalled from layoff status and 23 returning strikers had accepted production jobs. The union, now under great pressure, offered to give up some of its contract demands if the company would abandon super-seniority or go to arbitration on the question, but the company refused. In the following week, 64 strikers returned to work and 21 replacements took jobs, bringing the total to 102 replacements and recalled workers and 87 returned strikers. When the number of returning strikers went up to 125 during the following week, the union capitulated. A new labor agreement on the remaining economic issues was executed on July 17, and an accompanying settlement agreement was signed providing that the company's replacement and job assurance policy should be resolved by the National Labor Relations Board and the federal courts but was to remain in effect pending final disposition.
Following the strike's termination, the company reinstated those strikers whose jobs had not been filled (all but 129 were returned to their jobs). At about the same time, the union received some 173 resignations from membership. By September of 1959, the production unit work force had reached a high of 442 employees, but by May of 1960, the work force had gradually slipped back to 240. Many employees laid off during this cutback period were reinstated strikers whose seniority was insufficient to retain their jobs as a consequence of the company's super-seniority policy.
The union filed a charge with the National Labor Relations Board alleging that awarding super-seniority during the course of the strike constituted an unfair labor practice and that the subsequent layoff of the recalled strikers pursuant to such a plan was unlawful. The Trial Examiner found that the policy was promulgated for legitimate [373 U.S. 221, 225] economic reasons, 4 not for illegal or discriminatory purposes, and recommended that the union's complaint be dismissed. The Board could not agree with the Trial Examiner's conclusion that specific evidence of subjective intent to discriminate against the union was necessary to finding that super-seniority granted during a strike is an unfair labor practice. Its consistent view, the Board said, had always been that super-seniority, in circumstances such as these, was an unfair labor practice. The Board rejected the argument that super-seniority granted during a strike is a legitimate corollary of the employer's right of replacement under Labor Board v. Mackay Radio & Tel. Co., 304 U.S. 333 , and detailed at some length the factors which to it indicated that "superseniority is a form of discrimination extending far beyond the employer's right of replacement sanctioned by Mackay, and is, moreover, in direct conflict with the express provisions of the Act prohibiting discrimination." Having put aside Mackay, the Board went on to deny "that specific evidence of Respondent's discriminatory motivation is required to establish the alleged violations of the Act," relying upon Radio Officers v. Labor Board, 347 U.S. 17 , Republic Aviation Corp. v. Labor Board, 324 U.S. 793 , and Teamsters Local v. Labor Board, 365 U.S. 667 . Moreover, in the Board's judgment, the employer's insistence that its overriding purpose in granting super-seniority was to keep its plant open and [373 U.S. 221, 226] that business necessity justified its conduct was unacceptable since "to excuse such conduct would greatly diminish, if not destroy, the right to strike guaranteed by the Act, and would run directly counter to the guarantees of Sections 8 (a) (1) and (3) that employees shall not be discriminated against for engaging in protected concerted activities." 5 Accordingly, the Board declined to make findings as to the specific motivation of the plan or its business necessity in the circumstances here.
The Court of Appeals rejected as unsupportable the rationale of the Board that a preferential seniority policy is illegal however motivated.
"We are of the opinion that inherent in the right of an employer to replace strikers during a strike is the concomitant right to adopt a preferential seniority policy which will assure the replacements some form of tenure, provided the policy is adopted SOLELY to protect and continue the business of the employer. We find nothing in the Act which proscribes such a policy. Whether the policy adopted by the Company in the instant case was illegally motivated we do not decide. The question is one of fact for decision by the Board." 303 F.2d, at 364.
It consequently denied the Board's petition for enforcement and remanded the case for further findings. [373 U.S. 221, 227]
We think the Court of Appeals erred in holding that, in the absence of a finding of specific illegal intent, a legitimate business purpose is always a defense to an unfair labor practice charge. Cases in this Court dealing with unfair labor practices have recognized the relevance and importance of showing the employer's intent or motive to discriminate or to interfere with union rights. But specific evidence of such subjective intent is "not an indispensable element of proof of violation." Radio Officers v. Labor Board, 347 U.S. 17, 44 . "Some conduct may by its very nature contain the implications of the required intent; the natural foreseeable consequences of certain action may warrant the inference. . . . The existence of discrimination may at times be inferred by the Board, for `it is permissible to draw on experience in factual inquiries.'" Teamsters Local v. Labor Board, 365 U.S. 667, 675 .
Though the intent necessary for an unfair labor practice may be shown in different ways, proving it in one manner may have far different weight and far different consequences than proving it in another. When specific evidence of a subjective intent to discriminate or to encourage or discourage union membership is shown, and found, many otherwise innocent or ambiguous actions which are normally incident to the conduct of a business may, without more, be converted into unfair labor practices. Labor Board v. Jones & Laughlin Steel Corp., 301 U.S. 1, 46 (discharging employees); Associated Press v. Labor Board, 301 U.S. 103, 132 (discharging employees); Phelps Dodge Corp. v. Labor Board, 313 U.S. 177 (hiring employees). Compare Labor Board v. Brown-Dunkin Co., 287 F.2d 17, with Labor Board v. Houston Chronicle Publishing Co., 211 F.2d 848 (subcontracting union work); and Fiss Corp., 43 N. L. R. B. 125, with Jacob H. Klotz, 13 N. L. R. B. 746 (movement of plant to another town). Such proof itself is normally sufficient to destroy the employer's [373 U.S. 221, 228] claim of a legitimate business purpose, if one is made, and provides strong support to a finding that there is interference with union rights or that union membership will be discouraged. Conduct which on its face appears to serve legitimate business ends in these cases is wholly impeached by the showing of an intent to encroach upon protected rights. The employer's claim of legitimacy is totally dispelled. 6
The outcome may well be the same when intent is founded upon the inherently discriminatory or destructive nature of the conduct itself. The employer in such cases must be held to intend the very consequences which foreseeably and inescapably flow from his actions and if he fails to explain away, to justify or to characterize his actions as something different than they appear on their face, an unfair labor practice charge is made out. Radio Officers v. Labor Board, supra. But, as often happens, the employer may counter by claiming that his actions were taken in the pursuit of legitimate business ends and that his dominant purpose was not to discriminate or to invade union rights but to accomplish business objectives acceptable under the Act. Nevertheless, his conduct does speak for itself - it is discriminatory and it does discourage union membership and whatever the claimed overriding justification may be, it carries with it unavoidable consequences which the employer not only foresaw but which he must have intended. As is not uncommon in human experience, such situations present a complex of motives and preferring one motive to another [373 U.S. 221, 229] is in reality the far more delicate task, reflected in part in decisions of this Court, 7 of weighing the interests of employees in concerted activity against the interest of the employer in operating his business in a particular manner and of balancing in the light of the Act and its policy the intended consequences upon employee rights against the business ends to be served by the employer's conduct. 8 [373 U.S. 221, 230] This essentially is the teaching of the Court's prior cases dealing with this problem and, in our view, the Board did not depart from it.
The Board made a detailed assessment of super-seniority and, to its experienced eye, such a plan had the following characteristics:
(1) Super-seniority affects the tenure of all strikers whereas permanent replacement, proper under Mackay, affects only those who are, in actuality, replaced. It is one thing to say that a striker is subject to loss of his job at the strike's end but quite another to hold that in addition to the threat of replacement, all strikers will at best return to their jobs with seniority inferior to that of the replacements and of those who left the strike.
(2) A super-seniority award necessarily operates to the detriment of those who participated in the strike as compared to nonstrikers.
(3) Super-seniority made available to striking bargaining unit employees as well as to new employees is in effect offering individual benefits to the strikers to induce them to abandon the strike.
(4) Extending the benefits of super-seniority to striking bargaining unit employees as well as to new replacements deals a crippling blow to the strike effort. At one stroke, those with low seniority have the opportunity to obtain the job security which ordinarily only long years of service can bring, while conversely, the accumulated seniority of older employees is seriously diluted. This combination of threat and promise could be expected to undermine the strikers' mutual interest and place [373 U.S. 221, 231] the entire strike effort in jeopardy. The history of this strike and its virtual collapse following the announcement of the plan emphasize the grave repercussions of super-seniority.
(5) Super-seniority renders future bargaining difficult, if not impossible, for the collective bargaining representative. Unlike the replacement granted in Mackay which ceases to be an issue once the strike is over, the plan here creates a cleavage in the plant continuing long after the strike is ended. Employees are henceforth divided into two camps: those who stayed with the union and those who returned before the end of the strike and thereby gained extra seniority. This breach is re-emphasized with each subsequent layoff and stands as an ever-present reminder of the dangers connected with striking and with union activities in general.
In the light of this analysis, super-seniority by its very terms operates to discriminate between strikers and nonstrikers, both during and after a strike, and its destructive impact upon the strike and union activity cannot be doubted. The origin of the plan, as respondent insists, may have been to keep production going and it may have been necessary to offer super-seniority to attract replacements and induce union members to leave the strike. But if this is true, accomplishment of respondent's business purpose inexorably was contingent upon attracting sufficient replacements and strikers by offering preferential inducements to those who worked as opposed to those who struck. We think the Board was entitled to treat this case as involving conduct which carried its own indicia of intent and which is barred by the Act unless saved from illegality by an overriding business purpose justifying the invasion of union rights. The Board concluded that the business purpose asserted was insufficient to insulate [373 U.S. 221, 232] the super-seniority plan from the reach of 8 (a) (1) and 8 (a) (3), and we turn now to a review of that conclusion.
The Court of Appeals and respondent rely upon Mackay as precluding the result reached by the Board but we are not persuaded. Under the decision in that case an employer may operate his plant during a strike and at its conclusion need not discharge those who worked during the strike in order to make way for returning strikers. It may be, as the Court of Appeals said, that "such a replacement policy is obviously discriminatory and may tend to discourage union membership." But Mackay did not deal with super-seniority, with its effects upon all strikers, whether replaced or not, or with its powerful impact upon a strike itself. Because the employer's interest must be deemed to outweigh the damage to concerted activities caused by permanently replacing strikers does not mean it also outweighs the far greater encroachment resulting from super-seniority in addition to permanent replacement.
We have no intention of questioning the continuing vitality of the Mackay rule, but we are not prepared to extend it to the situation we have here. To do so would require us to set aside the Board's considered judgment that the Act and its underlying policy require, in the present context, giving more weight to the harm wrought by super-seniority than to the interest of the employer in operating its plant during the strike by utilizing this particular means of attracting replacements. We find nothing in the Act or its legislative history to indicate that super-seniority is necessarily an acceptable method of resisting the economic impact of a strike, nor do we find anything inconsistent with the result which the Board reached. On the contrary, these sources are wholly consistent with, and lend full support to, the conclusion of the Board. [373 U.S. 221, 233]
Section 7 9 guarantees, and 8 (a) (1) protects from employer interference the rights of employees to engage in concerted activities, which, as Congress has indicated, H. R. Rep. No. 245, 80th Cong., 1st Sess. 26, include the right to strike. Under 8 (a) (3), it is unlawful for an employer by discrimination in terms of employment to discourage "membership in any labor organization," which includes discouraging participation in concerted activities, Radio Officers v. Labor Board, 347 U.S. 17, 39 -40, such as a legitimate strike. Labor Board v. Wheeling Pipe Line, Inc., 229 F.2d 391; Republic Steel Corp. v. Labor Board, 114 F.2d 820. Section 13 10 makes clear that although the strike weapon is not an unqualified right, nothing in the Act except as specifically provided is to be construed to interfere with this means of redress, H. R. Conf. Rep. No. 510, 80th Cong., 1st Sess. 59, and 2 (3) 11 preserves to strikers their unfilled positions and status as employees during the pendency of a strike. S. Rep. No. 573, 74th Cong., 1st Sess. 6. 12 This repeated solicitude for [373 U.S. 221, 234] the right to strike is predicated upon the conclusion that a strike when legitimately employed is an economic weapon which in great measure implements and supports the principles of the collective bargaining system. 13
While Congress has from time to time revamped and redirected national labor policy, its concern for the integrity of the strike weapon has remained constant. Thus when Congress chose to qualify the use of the strike, it did so by prescribing the limits and conditions of the abridgment in exacting detail, e. g., 8 (b) (4), 8 (d), by indicating the precise procedures to be followed in effecting the interference, e. g., 10 (j), (k), (l); 206-210, Labor Management Relations Act, and by preserving the positive command of 13 that the right to strike is to be given a [373 U.S. 221, 235] generous interpretation within the scope of the labor Act. The courts have likewise repeatedly recognized and effectuated the strong interest of federal labor policy in the legitimate use of the strike. Automobile Workers v. O'Brien, 339 U.S. 454 ; Amalgamated Assn. of Elec. Ry. Employees v. Wisconsin Employment Rel. Bd., 340 U.S. 383 ; Labor Board v. Remington Rand, Inc., 130 F.2d 919; Cusano v. Labor Board, 190 F.2d 898; cf. Sinclair Ref. Co. v. Atkinson, 370 U.S. 195 .
Accordingly, in view of the deference paid the strike weapon by the federal labor laws and the devastating consequences upon it which the Board found was and would be precipitated by respondent's inherently discriminatory super-seniority plan, we cannot say the Board erred [373 U.S. 221, 236] in the balance which it struck here. Although the Board's decisions are by no means immune from attack in the courts as cases in this Court amply illustrate, e. g., Labor Board v. Babcock & Wilcox Co., 351 U.S. 105 ; Labor Board v. United Steelworkers, 357 U.S. 357 ; Labor Board v. Insurance Agents, 361 U.S. 477 , its findings here are supported by substantial evidence, Universal Camera Corp. v. Labor Board, 340 U.S. 474 , its explication is not inadequate, irrational or arbitrary, compare Phelps Dodge Corp. v. Labor Board, 313 U.S. 177, 196 -197; Labor Board v. United Steelworkers, supra, and it did not exceed its powers or venture into an area barred by the statute. Compare Labor Board v. Insurance Agents, supra. The matter before the Board lay well within the mainstream of its duties. It was attempting to deal with an issue which Congress had placed in its hands and "where Congress has in the statute given the Board a question to answer, the courts will give respect to that answer." Labor Board v. Insurance Agents, supra, at 499. Here, as in other cases, we must recognize the Board's special function of applying the general provisions of the Act to the complexities of industrial life, Republic Aviation Corp. v. Labor Board, 324 U.S. 793, 798 ; Phelps Dodge Corp. v. Labor Board, supra, at 194, and of "[appraising] carefully the interests of both sides of any labor-management controversy in the diverse circumstances of particular cases" from its special understanding of "the actualities of industrial relations." Labor Board v. United Steelworkers, supra, at 362-363. "The ultimate problem is the balancing of the conflicting legitimate interests. The function of striking that balance to effectuate national labor policy is often a difficult and delicate responsibility, which the Congress committed primarily to the National Labor Relations Board, subject to limited judicial review." Labor Board v. Truck Drivers Union, 353 U.S. 87, 96 .
Consequently, because the Board's judgment was that the claimed business purpose would not outweigh the [373 U.S. 221, 237] necessary harm to employee rights - a judgment which we sustain - it could properly put aside evidence of respondent's motive and decline to find whether the conduct was or was not prompted by the claimed business purpose. We reverse the judgment of the Court of Appeals and remand the case to that court since its review was a limited one and it must now reach the remaining questions before it, including the propriety of the remedy which at least in part turns upon the Board's construction of the settlement agreement as being no barrier to an award not only of reinstatement but of back pay as well. 14
Reversed and remanded.
[ Footnote 1 ] "SEC. 8 (a). It shall be an unfair labor practice for an employer - "(1) to interfere with, restrain, or coerce employees in the exercise of the rights guaranteed in section 7; . . . . . [373 U.S. 221, 222] "(3) by discrimination in regard to hire or tenure of employment or any term or condition of employment to encourage or discourage membership in any labor organization; . . . . . . . . "(5) to refuse to bargain collectively with the representatives of his employees, subject to the provisions of section 9 (a)."
[ Footnote 2 ] In addition to these employees, 450 employees in the unit were on layoff status.
[ Footnote 3 ] The figure of 20 years was developed from a projection, on the basis of expected orders, of what the company's work force would be following the strike. As of March 31, the beginning of the strike, a male employee needed seven years' seniority to avoid layoff and a female employee nine years'.
[ Footnote 4 ] The Examiner had relied upon the company's employment records for his conclusion that the replacement program was ineffective until the announcement of the super-seniority awards. The General Counsel, to show that such a plan was not necessary for that purpose, pointed to the facts that the company had 300 unprocessed job applications when the strike ended, that the company declared to the union that it could have replaced all the strikers and that the company did not communicate its otherwise well-publicized policy to replacements before they were hired but only after they accepted jobs.
[ Footnote 5 ] In addition, the Board held that continued insistence on this or a similar proposal as a condition to negotiating an agreement constituted a refusal to bargain in good faith under 8 (a) (5). See Labor Board v. Wooster Division of Borg-Warner, 356 U.S. 342 . The Board also concluded that on May 29, when the union voted to continue striking in protest against the super-seniority plan, the strike was converted into an unfair labor practice strike. All strikers not replaced at that date, the Board held, were entitled to reinstatement as of the date of their unconditional abandonment of the strike regardless of replacements. See Labor Board v. Pecheur Lozenge Co., 209 F.2d 393.
[ Footnote 6 ] Accordingly, those cases holding unlawful a super-seniority plan prompted by a desire on the part of the employer to penalize or discriminate against striking employees, Ballas Egg Products v. Labor Board, 283 F.2d 871; Labor Board v. California Date Growers Assn., 259 F.2d 587; Olin Mathieson Chem. Corp. v. Labor Board, 232 F.2d 158, aff'd per curiam, 352 U.S. 1020 , are explainable without reaching the considerations present here.
[ Footnote 7 ] See, e. g., Labor Board v. Mackay Radio & Tel. Co., 304 U.S. 333 ; Republic Aviation Corp. v. Labor Board, 324 U.S. 793 ; Labor Board v. Babcock & Wilcox Co., 351 U.S. 105 ; Labor Board v. Truck Drivers Union, 353 U.S. 87 .
[ Footnote 8 ] In a variety of situations, the lower courts have dealt with and rejected the approach urged here that conduct otherwise unlawful is automatically excused upon a showing that it was motivated by business exigencies. Thus, it has been held that an employer cannot justify the discriminatory discharge of union members upon the ground that such conduct is the only way to induce a rival union to remove a picket line and permit the resumption of business, Labor Board v. Star Publishing Co., 97 F.2d 465, or rearrange the bargaining unit because of an expected adverse effect on production, Allis-Chalmers Mfg. Co. v. Labor Board, 162 F.2d 435, or defend a refusal to bargain in good faith on the ground that unless the employer's view prevails dire consequences to the business will follow, Labor Board v. Harris, 200 F.2d 656, or refuse exclusive recognition to a union for fear that such recognition will bring reprisals from rival unions, McQuay-Norris Mfg. Co. v. Labor Board, 116 F.2d 748, cert. denied, 313 U.S. 565 ; Labor Board v. National Broadcasting Co., 150 F.2d 895, or discriminate in his business operations against employees of rival unions or without union affiliation solely in order to keep peace in the plant and avoid disruption of business, Wilson & Co., Inc., v. Labor Board, 123 F.2d 411; Labor Board v. Hudson Motor Car Co., 128 F.2d 528; Labor Board v. Gluek Brewing Co., 144 F.2d 847; Labor Board v. Oertel Brewing Co., 197 F.2d 59; Labor Board v. McCatron, 216 F.2d 212, cert. denied, 348 U.S. 943 ; Labor Board v. Richards, 265 F.2d 855. See also Idaho Potato Growers v. Labor Board, 144 F.2d 295; Cusano v. Labor Board, 190 F.2d 898; Labor Board v. Industrial Cotton Mills, 208 F.2d 87, cert. denied, 347 U.S. 935 . Indeed, many employers doubtless could conscientiously assert that their unfair labor practices were not malicious but were prompted by their best [373 U.S. 221, 230] judgment as to the interests of their business. Such good-faith motive itself, however, has not been deemed an absolute defense to an unfair labor practice charge.
[ Footnote 9 ] "Employees shall have the right to self-organization, to form, join, or assist labor organizations, to bargain collectively through representatives of their own choosing, and to engage in other concerted activities for the purpose of collective bargaining or other mutual aid or protection, and shall also have the right to refrain from any or all of such activities except to the extent that such right may be affected by an agreement requiring membership in a labor organization as a condition of employment as authorized in section 8 (a) (3)."
[ Footnote 10 ] "Nothing in this Act, except as specifically provided for herein, shall be construed so as either to interfere with or impede or diminish in any way the right to strike, or to affect the limitations or qualifications on that right."
[ Footnote 11 ] "The term `employee' . . . shall include any individual whose work has ceased as a consequence of, or in connection with, any current labor dispute or because of any unfair labor practice, and who has not obtained any other regular and substantially equivalent employment . . . ."
[ Footnote 12 ] This concern for the maintenance of the status prevailing before the strike has had its most recent manifestation in the 1959 amendments [373 U.S. 221, 234] to the National Labor Relations Act. Congress there withdrew the ban inserted by the Taft-Hartley amendment disqualifying replaced strikers from voting in union elections. Now, employees not entitled to reinstatement can, under regulations promulgated by the Board, exercise their pre-strike voting rights. See 9 (c) (3); S. Rep. No. 187, 86th Cong., 1st Sess. 32-33.
[ Footnote 13 ] "Labor unions . . . were organized out of the necessities of the situation. A single employee was helpless in dealing with an employer. He was dependent ordinarily on his daily wage for the maintenance of himself and family. If the employer refused to pay him the wages that he thought fair, he was nevertheless unable to leave the employ and to resist arbitrary and unfair treatment. Union was essential to give laborers opportunity to deal on equality with their employer. They united to exert influence upon him and to leave him in a body in order by this inconvenience to induce him to make better terms with them. They were withholding their labor of economic value to make him pay what they thought it was worth. The right to combine for such a lawful purpose has in many years not been denied by any court. The strike became a lawful instrument in a lawful economic struggle or competition between employer and employees as to the share or division between them of the joint product of labor and capital." American Steel Foundries v. Tri-City Council, 257 U.S. 184, 209 , quoted in Staff Report of Senate Committee on Education and Labor, 74th Cong., 1st Sess., Comparison of S. 2926 (73d Cong.) and S. 1958 [373 U.S. 221, 235] (74th Cong.) 20. See also, Remarks of Senator Wagner before Senate Committee on Education and Labor, 73d Cong., 2d Sess., Hearings on S. 2926, 10-11: "It has been urged that the bill places a premium on discord by declaring that none of its provisions shall impair the right to strike. On the contrary, nothing would do more to alienate employee cooperation and to promote unrest than a law which did not make it clear that employees could refrain from working if that should become their only redress." Remarks of Senator Taft, 93 Cong. Rec. 3835 (1947): "That means that we recognize freedom to strike when the question involved is the improvement of wages, hours, and working conditions, when a contract has expired and neither side is bound by a contract. We recognize that right in spite of the inconvenience, and in some cases perhaps danger, to the people of the United States which may result from the exercise of such right. . . . We have considered the question whether the right to strike can be modified. I think it can be modified in cases which do not involve the basic question of wages, prices, and working conditions. . . . So far as the bill is concerned, we have proceeded on the theory that there is a right to strike and that labor peace must be based on free collective bargaining. We have done nothing to outlaw strikes for basic wages, hours, and working conditions after proper opportunity for mediation."
[ Footnote 14 ] "We do not agree with Respondent's contention that the Union in its strike settlement agreement of July 17 waived all rights for these employees. The settlement agreement provided, inter alia: `The Company's replacement and job assurance policy to be resolved by the NLRB and the Federal Courts and to remain in effect pending final disposition.' It is clear that this agreement was intended merely as an interim settlement pending legal determination of the employees' rights. In any event, we would not in our discretion honor a private settlement which purported to deny to employees the rights guaranteed them by the Act. Cf. Wooster Division of Borg-Warner Corporation, 121 NLRB 1492, 1495." Erie Resistor Corp., 132 N. L. R. B. 621, 631 n. 31.
MR. JUSTICE HARLAN, concurring.
I agree with the Court that the Board's conclusions respecting this 20-year "superseniority" plan were justified without inquiry into the respondents' motives. However, I do not think that the same thing would necessarily be true in all circumstances, as for example with a plan providing for a much shorter period of extra seniority. Being unsure whether the Court intends to hold that the Board has power to outlaw all such plans, irrespective of the employer's motives and other circumstances, or only to sustain its action in the particular circumstances of this case, I concur in the judgment. [373 U.S. 221, 238]
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Golden Spike Empire
Launch each day from a base camp in Brigham City. 2019 is the 150th anniversary.
VIEW MAP &
Start and Finish: Salt Lake City International or Ogden-Hinckley Airport with easy access on I-15
Hours of Driving: 5–7 hours with Golden Spike auto tours. And add around two hours for the Bear River Migratory Bird Refuge auto tour and a half-day to explore the remote Transcontinental Railroad Backcountry Byway.
Rolling into Ogden, Utah, on the FrontRunner Commuter Rail, author Tim Sullivan immediately sees the importance of trains to the city's history. With the driving of the last spike and the completion of the First Transcontinental Railroad at Promontory Summit, Northern Utah established itself as the Crossroads of the West. While there are multiple cities and towns with lodging options in the area, consider a base camp in Brigham City to see it all.
On this four-day itinerary, you'll explore the region's profound railroad history in Ogden (Day 1) and at Golden Spike National Historic Site, less than one hour to the northwest. Time your trip for a Saturday stop in the summer at Golden Spike (Day 2) to witness the reenactment of the last spike ceremony and the opportunity to participate in the recreation of the "Champagne Photo." In fact, May 10, 2019, marks "Spike 150," the 150th anniversary of the completion of the railroad. Learn more at spike150.org. Save time (and carry provisions) for two auto tours, a hike to the Big Fill and a spur trip to the incredible Spiral Jetty earth art on the north shore of the Great Salt Lake. If you're well prepared and have the time, use part of today or tomorrow to set out on the Transcontinental Railroad Backcountry Byway.
To round out your trip, take your time exploring the small towns and communities in the Bear River Valley (Day 3), which can include touring the murals of Tremonton, a stop at Crystal Hot Springs and a spur adventure up the canyon to Mantua. And because Brigham City is the gateway to the world's greatest wild bird refuge (as seen on the grand welcome sign arching over the wide main street), a trip to Bear River Migratory Bird Refuge (Day 4) and the excellent auto tour is a must. Bring your binoculars, a picnic lunch and a sense of wonder for the ancient migrations that made this land a crossroads well before humans laid tracks.
Day 1 45 Miles
ARRIVE BY TRAIN
Ogden's Historic 25th Street
Utah State Railroad Museum
Ogden's Eccles Dinosaur Park
While Promontory was the place where East met West in the completion of the Transcontinental Railroad, Ogden became the transfer point between the Union Pacific and Central Pacific — and one can immediately see how the bustle and grand commercial promenade of Ogden's iconic 25th Street came to be. Today, Ogden's downtown is pedestrian friendly and features an array of local shops, restaurants and bars. Ogden is an outdoor recreation mecca thanks to nearby trails and mountain resorts that are the foundation for endless adventure. With extra time you can explore and play in the nearby Ogden Valley, but the Utah State Railroad Museum (one of four museums housed in Union Station) is a must for railroad enthusiasts and for great context to tomorrow's visit to Golden Spike.
Ogden or at your Brigham City base camp to this itinerary — it's only about 25 minutes away.
Ogden's 25th Street is remembered as a place of excitement and variety. Saloons and bordellos stood side-by-side with businesses that thrived on Ogden's status as a railroad hub. Today, 25th Street offers a glimpse into the past with the opportunity to enjoy unique shops, antique stores and local restaurants.
One of four museums in Ogden Union Station, and includes a real train yard and a model railroad that snakes around a network of hallways and excellent exhibits and depicts in miniature the key Utah Transcontinental scenes — Promontory, Weber Canyon, Corinne, and what became known as the Lucin cutoff, the shortening of the route by bridging across the Great Salt Lake.
Along the Ogden River Parkway and just north of Salt Lake City, the George S. Eccles Dinosaur Park is in the business of fulfilling dinosaur daydreams. With more than 100 exhibits and realistic, full-sized dinosaur replicas, the 8.5-acre park appeals to dinosaur-loving types of all ages in an entertaining, interactive setting.
SPIRAL JETTY AND THE GOLDEN SPIKE
Spiral Jetty
Transcontinental Railroad Backcountry
Golden Spike Reenactment and Auto Tours
Golden Spike is home to the replica steam locomotives Jupiter and No. 119, which operate daily from May 1 through mid-October. From Memorial Day to Labor Day a dedicated team of volunteers performs the reenactment of the driving of the last spike ceremony. Summer reenactments are on Saturdays and Holidays and take place at 11:00 a.m. and 1:00 p.m. To make the most of the day, consider an early start to hit Spiral Jetty in the morning and some afternoon exploration out on the Transcontinental Railroad Backcountry Byway — but proceed with caution! While the Spiral Jetty is typically accessible in any passenger vehicle, these are unpaved roads that can be impassable after a storm and sections of the backcountry byway require a high-clearance vehicle. Travel prepared, or keep your focus on the excellent auto and walking tours of Golden Spike.
Base camp Brigham City or explore lodging and Airbnb options in the surrounding communities. Primitive camping on public lands is also an option on the backcountry byway.
Sculptor Robert Smithson’s piece is one of the world’s most unique works of art using the natural environment. Smithson formed the Spiral Jetty from six thousand tons of black basalt rocks and earth from the site. The spiral reaches 1,500 feet in length and is 15 feet wide. Check local conditions as the last 15 miles of the drive are on a gravel road and take extra water, supplies and towels.
This remote 90-mile backcountry byway on the Central Pacific Railroad Grade is on the National Register of Historic Places. Start west of Golden Spike National Historic Site or access from the north on S.R. 30 to start at Kelton. The byway follows the original path of the railroad through the remnants of old towns, trestles and 20 interpretive sites along the grade. Carry plenty of water, spare tires and be prepared for gravel roads in a remote setting. Curious? See the BLM georeferenced map.
A visit to Golden Spike National Monument is a sightseeing activity that appeals to anyone — adults and kids alike — who have an interest in history and all things railroad. While May 10, 2019 marks the 150th anniversary of the completion of the Transcontinental Railroad, you can enjoy reenactments on Saturdays and holidays throughout the summer. There are also two auto tours and an easy 1.5-mile trail called the Big Fill Walk.
EXPLORING BOX ELDER
Bear River Valley
Crystal Hot Springs
The Bear River Valley’s small towns are connected by a network of small, relatively flat two-lane byways without much traffic, reminiscent of New England, the Midwest or Coastal California. These roads form a network connecting small towns like Corinne, Honeyville, Deweyville, Garland and Bear River City with the great wall of the Wellsville Mountains in the background. The Tremonton murals and Crystal Hot Springs are among the most popular destinations in this region, but as author Tim Sullivan discovered cycling the region with his eight-year-old daughter, these communities offer an array of wonderful stops.
Oh, and Brigham City itself offers plenty to see and do and great local dining. During the summer, the nearby Fruit Highway makes for a flavorful journey through local agriculture and culminates in the annual Peach Days Festival the weekend after Labor Day.
Return to your Brigham City Base Camp or explore lodging and Airbnb options in the surrounding communities like Tremonton.
Besides being Golden Spike country, the Bear River Valley is one of Utah’s most scenic and compelling rural agricultural areas. This is a bounty for the traveler — especially for those willing to move slowly and look around. Follow author Tim Sullivan and his eight-year-old daughter as they explore some of the small towns and sites of this quiet corner of Utah. Read this story below:
Head to Crystal Hot Springs park for a rejuvenating soak in their hot mineral pools. The pool area at Crystal Hot Springs consists of three jetted hot tubs, a soaker pool, lap pool, Olympic-sized pool and two 360-foot water slides. Surrounding the pools you will find a beautiful grass-covered and tree-lined campground that has full RV hookups and tent sites.
Few cities of the Wasatch Front feel as "nestled" as Brigham City. Its Main Street archway proclaims "Gateway to the World's Greatest Wild Bird Refuge," and welcomes visitors to a historic main drag that also serves as part of a base camp to year-round adventure and vast tranquility of the nearby national forest and stark beauty of the West Desert.
WORLD'S GREAT BIRD REFUGE AND BEYOND
Bear River Migratory Bird Refuge
Willard Bay State Park
The Bear River Migratory Bird Refuge is one of the best birding destinations in the entire world. You could easily spend half the day visiting the Wildlife Education Center and exploring the wetlands and waterfowl habitat on the 12-mile auto tour, a narrow and unpaved loop tour that will compel you to pull off multiple times at interpretive signs or to watch for birds. Nearby Willard Bay State Park is another great option for birders but with the added benefits of beaches and water sports rentals to liven up the day. Another escape option is the short drive up the canyon to Mantua [pronounced man-away], where a charming reservoir and community offer a welcoming environment to wrap up your visit to this tranquil corner of Utah.
This site is one of the best birding destinations in the entire world. Located only miles from Brigham City, Utah, spend a day visiting the Wildlife Education Center and exploring the wetlands and waterfowl habitat along the auto tour route.
Pack the inflatable paddleboards or load up the canoes for Mantua's tranquil reservoir tucked high in the canyon east of Brigham City. Or, if you and the family are more into mountain trails, bring your mountain bikes to ride the Eagle Rise Trail System that rolls around the reservoir in the surrounding mountain. With little climbing, this non-technical system is a perfect outing for a family or for people with beginner skills.
Willard Bay has become the ideal spot for anything water related. Whether it’s splashing near the shore, carving the water’s surface, reeling in hefty fish, birding or camping on the beach, you really can’t go wrong with a visit to the Bay.
Some other experiences to try close to your journey.
SLC is both a destination city with exciting outdoor adventure, local cuisine and big city amenities and a gateway for travelers making the quick trip to Utah's ski resorts, southward to Utah’s renowned red rock country, or northward to Yellowstone and Grand Teton national parks.
THE CAFFEINATORS OF SALT LAKE
Follow author and former barista Austin Wright as he explores the emergent coffee scene along the path of some of its most dedicated baristas.
PLAY THE HITS: EXPLORING SALT LAKE CITY'S ICONIC SIGHTS
Let this itinerary be your guide to an enlightening three-day tour of the highlights of Utah’s cultural, natural and historical landscapes.
CHASING THE ARTS IN DAVIS COUNTY
Discover the wealth of cultural opportunities in Davis County, Utah. Slow down, take in a show, check out some art, soak up some history and enjoy the offerings along I-15 between Ogden and Salt Lake.
Antelope Island is a craggy adventure and birding destination in the Great Salt Lake that is home to 36 miles of hiking and mountain bike trails meandering among free-roaming bison and antelope herds who keep watch over alluvial plains and Precambrian rocks. The view from the island’s western side is otherworldly.
OGDEN VALLEY
Away from city crowds and traffic in neighboring Ogden, Ogden Valley’s idyllic landscapes host scenic road and mountain biking, water sports on Pineview Reservoir, hiking and climbing, three ski resorts and quick access to the national forest along S.R. 39, the Ogden River Scenic Byway.
"BAD" BRAD WHEELER'S OGDEN STORY
Get to know public radio DJ Brad Wheeler, from his early years as a blues musician in Ogden through the friendship he forged with jazz saxophone legend Joe McQueen.
INSIDER'S GUIDE TO OGDEN
This insider's guide video highlights a family's unparalleled access to both the outdoors and the city's "fun counterculture vibe" at the foot of the mighty Wasatch Mountains.
Day 1: 45 Miles
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Back in the Black blog posts can now be found here: http://www.ced.org/blog/search&category=52/
Yesterday, the House passed the fiscal year 2014 omnibus (1,582 pages) appropriations bill, by a vote of 359 to 67. This came after the House passed a three-day continuing resolution to give the Senate time to consider the full bill. It now appears close to certain that the government will be funded without another shutdown until at least October 1.
Whenever the Congress passes such a massive bill, there is a chance of mischief. There are inevitably small details that are tucked away out of immediate view. Some of those have come to light already, but others might show up only after the bill has become law. The fraternity of people who can read appropriations language is fairly small, and they are in overload this week. So be prepared for news flashes several days or even weeks down the road.
A detailed summary of this large book would fill a medium-sized book. To generalize, however, it is best to start with the reality that a compromise that passes a politically divided Congress will be, well, a compromise. Each side will get some things and give some things. In the broadest terms, the Democrats got more money for domestic spending, and the Republicans (in addition to some relief for the Pentagon) got restrictions on how that domestic funding may be used.
In a “normal” even-numbered year, the Congress gathers in early January, forms a circle, engages in a team grip and lets out the school cheer, and then disperses back home until State-of-the-Union and budget time a few weeks hence. That time away leads many to conclude that being in Congress is a part-time job at a full-time salary. Well, personally, I would disagree. Most Members whom I have known used that kind of time to seek out their constituents and ask of their concerns, and to update their policy portfolios and ideas. Just like in other walks of life, time for responsible legislators was the most precious resource, and they used it wisely to do their jobs better and improve the lives of the people who hired them.
But what the Members did individually longer ago than I care to admit, and what the institutions do today, are two different things. Politics is played here in Washington, and issues are to be exploited, not resolved. So no big surprise, but the Congress must return to the field and complete a long list of unfinished business. That’s what you get when you procrastinate – you lose your time off and instead must do the work hitherto ignored. So instead of asking you about your concerns or dialing an expert about the issues, the Members are dialing for dollars (well, at least they are talking to you) and hanging around the Washington office waiting for the votes to close out the previous year’s business.
(On the subject of procrastination, did you ever hear about the Philadelphia (my old home town) Procrastinators Club, who back in the nation’s bicentennial year of 1976 decided to address the cracking of the Liberty Bell? The English firm that cast the bell was still in business, and so the club fired off a letter, citing the obvious manufacturing defect and demanding redress. Well, the English firm clearly recognized and respected its responsibility to its customers. Absolutely, they replied, we stand behind our work and our warranty. Just return the bell in its original packaging…)
The Congress has left a lot of unfinished business, but there probably are three items that are most noteworthy to CED. One is the annual appropriations for the ongoing fiscal year (2014). As we discussed earlier, the leaderships of the two parties in the two chambers at least have agreed to an overall appropriations total, but now they and their Members must agree to specific legislation to fund the various agencies within that total. Signs to date are encouraging but not conclusive. More on this effort likely will follow at some future date.
A second bit of unfinished business is the impending collision with the debt limit. The statutory limit has been suspended, but will return to full effect on February 7, with the new limit set at the amount of debt actually incurred as of that date. In other words, immediately upon February 7, the Treasury Secretary must resort to his statutory authorities, aka “extraordinary measures,” aka “tricks,” to raise cash so that the federal government can pay its bills without “borrowing” in the strictest statutory sense of the term. Debt limit crises, a comparatively recent phenomenon, are extraordinarily dangerous. I hope that we will have no further occasion to talk about them over the next two months. But I fear that we will.
The third item near the top of the unfinished fiscal agenda is unemployment compensation extended benefits. Under normal circumstances, unemployment benefits are paid for a maximum of 26 weeks. In periods of high unemployment, when jobs are harder to find, there is an automatic trigger to extend the availability of benefits by 13 or 20 weeks, which varies by the conditions in particular states. However, that trigger is widely considered to be imprecise, and so in the worst of times the Congress is likely to act on its own. Benefits were available for a maximum of 99 weeks (based on the unemployment rate in each state) up until the end of last year, when the extension expired and the duration reverted to prior law. When the December appropriations deal was voted upon, awareness of its omission of action on extended benefits was just arising. Despite a note of protest, the appropriations deal passed, and the Congress went home for the holidays and extended benefits expired. Now, the Senate is debating another temporary extension of benefits, after which (assuming passage) the issue will revert to the House.
What is the right decision? As a recent conversation among CED Trustee members of our Fiscal Health Subcommittee confirmed, this is a many-faceted and hard nut to crack.
A former governor was asked in a private conversation almost 30 years ago on what issue he believed he had spent insufficient time during his tenure. He answered without hesitation: prisons – and added that he believed every other former governor would say the same thing. If you were to ask economists to name an under-researched and under-debated topic, you would not get the same measure of unanimity; but I believe that many, upon reflection, would say unemployment compensation. (Another candidate would be state and local government pensions.) Unemployment insurance (we’ll use UI henceforth) is the first program that economists will mention when trying to explain government’s arsenal of anti-recession programs – what we call “automatic stabilizers.” And yet, although a small group of scholars have done careful work on the intricacies of the program, that research is rarely discussed. UI is a joint federal-state program – and so to a great degree each level of government believes that the other is minding the store, and for that matter intelligent action to improve the program would require time-consuming coordination; and so neither thinks about the program much. UI does not scream for the spotlight, because it does not cost as much as the Medicare, Medicaid, and Social Security programs, and it cannot be said to contribute to the long-term budget problem like those others do. And because UI attracts attention only during an economic downturn – when by definition it is too late to correct any structural flaws for that episode – there is a fix-the-roof-when-the-sun-is-shining problem. To borrow an off-the-cuff line from Nobel-winning economist Robert Solow, it is the kind of problem that the policy system tends to try to fix for the crisis after next.
The basic rationale for UI could be expressed in two parts. First, gump happens. People lose their jobs, sometimes through no fault of their own, and it can take time to find new work. In the interim, they and their dependents need to keep body and soul together. UI benefits replace a fraction, on average perhaps one-half, of prior wages (with a low benefit cap that severely constrains benefits for comparatively high-wage workers) to achieve that goal. Second, because looking for work can take some time, perhaps particularly for people with specific skills, UI can buy time to complete a thorough job search. Without UI, a theoretical physicist might have to choose between letting his or her family go hungry and driving a cab. To avoid having a lot of theoretical physicists driving taxicabs instead of working in the lab, we provide UI; and to the extent that this example plays out in the real world, the economy is better off in the long run.
That is one side of the coin. There is another. Some are concerned about the moral hazard associated with UI. The availability of UI benefits can allow people to collect benefits instead of accepting an available job – even if that job is a good one that fits their skills. Employers report interviewing candidates only to hear that the interviewee wants only to have a form checked indicating he or she actively looked for work so as to remain eligible for UI benefits. Or candidates can respond to an offer by saying that they would prefer to report for work several weeks or months down the road when their UI benefits run out. Theoretically, there is little doubt that extending unemployment benefits will increase measured unemployment (although as in the theoretical physicist example, some of that effect might ultimately be beneficial). A leading research paper in this field estimates that every additional week of eligibility for UI benefits increases the average duration of unemployment by about 0.15 weeks (referenced here). And researchers from the Federal Reserve Banks of Cleveland and San Francisco have summarized their work to suggest that the extended benefits now available under federal legislation increase the unemployment rate by up to, but probably less than, one percentage point.
The data do indicate that large numbers of persons who exhaust their unemployment benefits then cease to be unemployed – suggesting that those persons had been postponing accepting a job so that they could continue to collect benefits. However, unfortunately those data do not separate those persons who accepted a job that had previously been offered from those who still could not find work and simply dropped out of the labor force. One study compared the duration of job search among workers who were on unemployment insurance, on the one hand, with the duration among others who were not eligible for UI (including new entrants or re-entrants into the labor force, for example), on the other. That research found that UI beneficiaries had longer periods of job search – but not by much.
There surely are people of limited ambition and responsibility who prefer to go through the motions of a job search while to the maximum possible degree enjoying leisure and collecting UI benefits. But there certainly are others who are enduring heartbreak in a desperate search for work, and whose families are hurting financially. Do we govern for the exception, or do we govern for the rule? And which is which?
(I appeared on a radio call-in show during the last days of congressional debate over the Tax Reform Act of 1986, when the major outlines of the final legislation were fairly clear. One caller was a woman who said that she had routinely high medical bills, and who was upset that the new law would allow the deduction of medical expenses only in excess of 7.5 percent of income, whereas the prior law had allowed the deduction of expenses over 5 percent of income. She was unhappy because she would receive less tax relief for her medical bills. Meanwhile, the law increased the personal exemption that all taxpayers received, and the standard deduction received by taxpayers who did not itemize. All of those provisions, taken together, provided a net tax cut for most taxpayers; and the increase in the standard deduction, to the extent that it allowed taxpayers to pay less tax without itemizing their deductions, provided a significant simplification to those taxpayers. Was that combination of changes in the law an example of a meritorious achievement of the greatest good for the greatest number? Or was it an unfair imposition on the few taxpayers who faced an unusual but painful circumstance? This is an example of the kind of calculation that public policy must make in almost countless instances – including in decision-making on unemployment compensation.)
Today’s economic circumstance is unprecedented in our lifetimes; we have endured the deepest recession since the Great Depression, whose collateral damage has hindered the subsequent recovery. The job market became so weak in some localities that large numbers of people found job search fruitless, and ultimately dropped out of the labor force (see the following chart). (One indictment of UI is that it has encouraged people to refuse job offers, and so has made unemployment and the labor market look worse than they really or potentially are. Technically, however, to collect UI, people must engage in job search, and therefore would not be counted as having dropped out of the labor force.)
This downturn has been felt disproportionately in several geographic regions of the country, fairly clearly identified by collapses in housing values. Imagine a family whose breadwinner has lost his or her job in a locality where the worst of the housing bubble has crushed business conditions broadly. There is no work in the unemployed person’s field, not much in other fields, and for that matter, there are experienced and unemployed persons in just about every field, so job training (such as it is, which is one of the greatest shortfalls of government) and a change of career are not the answer. So the family might want to relocate to find a job – but the family’s home mortgage is underwater, and so they cannot move.
The federal government has taken action by extending unemployment benefits fairly broadly (with some targeting by the state unemployment rate – which has become an imperfect indicator of the condition of a state’s economy, because the widespread exits from the labor force distort the measured unemployment rate). In the worst labor markets, and for families in the extreme Murphy’s Law, Catch-22 kind of circumstance just described, that would make sense. Those people could hunker down and keep looking for work until the housing market and the local economy improve. But to the extent that federal action continues very long durations of benefit eligibility – as of last year, almost two years – in local labor markets that are stronger, people who look seriously for work would have a good chance to find it, and so the greatest practical effect would be to tempt others to refuse job offers and collect benefits for long periods of time.
So what is the right policy response? We might leave the decision up to the states. Let each state decide whether its labor market is weak enough to justify continuing extended benefits. That would work in one dimension, but the states with the weakest labor markets are by definition those with the least ability to pay to extend benefits. One reason for an at least partially national unemployment system is that it allows the sectors of our diverse economy that are strong in any particular economic cycle to help to foot the bill for the recovery of those sectors that are weak – knowing that the tables might be turned in the next recession.
So perhaps we could have federal action, but delineate it more sharply based on the condition of each state, with more help for those whose labor markets are weak, and less help for those that are strong. But such an approach raises its own challenges. Beyond the fact that our labor market indicators are deranged by this unprecedented downturn, the Congress always has had difficulty with the distribution of aid among the states. It might be the right thing for a legislator to step forward and volunteer that his or her state or district does not need help. But that would not be a good way to begin the campaign for the next election. Every state or district has some people who are unemployed and cannot find work. As an elected representative, to suggest that your constituency is not in need is to belittle those voters, and their friends, and their communities. That is part of the reason why the Congress never has had much success at the kind of geographically compensatory programs that you would think would be a key responsibility of the federal government of a large and diverse nation, and why such “formula fights” usually boil down to a relative uniform distribution of support regardless of the real diversity of need.
In sum, this is a complex issue with weight on both sides of the scale, in terms of both the nature of the problem and the likely success of the alternative remedies. Where people come down will depend upon their policy judgment, and also their local circumstances and personal values. We might want to think now about longer-term structural improvements – but the long-term forecast is that once it stops raining, the sun will shine again, at least for a while. Maybe for the crisis after next.
There is muddling through, and there is kicking the can down the road. Although neither is conclusive, the former is more purposeful. The budget deal announced yesterday – the “Bipartisan Budget Act” – challenges judgment with respect to its classification between these two pigeonholes.
There is some good news here. The press has reported that the deal eliminates the risk of a government shutdown either this year or next. That is not correct, at least not literally. The government will shut down on January 15, 2014, and then again on October 1, 2014, if the Congress does not pass, and the President does not sign, appropriations bills (in addition to this deal) to keep the government funded and open. However, unless and until this deal becomes law, the two Appropriations Committees of the Congress do not have the agreed-upon targets such that they can even try to pass those bills. There are indications that the Appropriations Chairs have had significant input to the numbers in the deal, and that those Chairs are therefore now prepared to write those bills. If so, then we are at least positioned to avoid government shutdowns, even though we have not yet done so.
The economy is shaky enough that it really does not need another shutdown shock. Making a real step toward avoiding a shutdown crisis (although not fully accomplishing that goal, which this piece of legislation could not possibly do) for the next 22 months is clearly a positive. Chalk one up for the Bipartisan Budget Act.
Also give the negotiators credit for standing close enough together to fit in one television shot. Very little has been accomplished or even attempted on a bipartisan basis in Washington in recent months and years. Budget chairs Ryan and Murray will catch a fair amount of flak within their own parties for even appearing to work together, so kudos on this front too.
Furthermore, the deal provides some relief from the budget “sequester” in this fiscal year and next, which are arguably the worst-affected years in the next eight that are covered by that irrational budget mechanism. There is plenty more pain and irrationality to come in succeeding years – and even with the sequester fix these two years are not great either – but still, this relief is unquestionably welcome. The deal “pays for” that sequester relief with savings that will arrive later, and this timing makes sense from the point of view of managing the nation’s macroeconomic policy. So that is another positive.
That said, do not forget that the potential January 15 shutdown was not the only pending early-2014 crisis. We go on debt-limit watch again on February 7 – and the debt limit is a more malignant issue by far than a government shutdown. As an Act of Congress, this deal, at least in theory, could have increased the debt limit and taken that risk off the table. It did not. This is not to lay personal responsibility on the budget-deal negotiators; they may not have been given a green light on the debt limit by their leaderships. But failing action in the budget deal leaves the larger dark cloud hanging over the economy, even while it dissipates the smaller. You certainly should enjoy your holidays, but please do not put your guard down just yet.
“Rumors” is a bar in Washington, D.C. (Never been there.) Rumors are also all we have to go on in anticipating a deal coming out of the budget-resolution negotiations this month.
The rumor is that a deal is relatively close, but still not in hand. That makes life a bit tricky for those outside the room. Virtually the entire purpose of this negotiation is to settle upon a number for the total annual appropriations – a so-called “302(a) allocation” – for the ongoing fiscal year (2014). This is small ball, not a grand bargain. By the ideal-world calendar, the appropriators would have received that total number on April 15, and that entire process would have been finished on September 30,. So now, instead of the appropriators receiving their target five and one half months before the fiscal year, they are waiting for the number two and one half months into the fiscal year. (No pressure, guys.)
Why is that a problem? The toughest annual appropriations decisions are those over the last few dollars. And it is virtually impossible even to prepare for those decisions if you do not know even to a close-enough-for-jazz tolerance how many last few dollars there are going to be.
But beyond that point, the appropriators’ ambition this year was to do legislation a little more tailored than a last-year-plus-or-minus-X-percent across-the-board full-year continuing resolution (CR), which has been the highly unfortunate recent pattern. Even those most viscerally opposed to government as an institution should reject that approach, and instead want appropriations laws that dig much deeper – that perform “oversight” to weed out and disproportionately cut or repeal the least-cost-effective programs.
At least to take a crack at such meaningful legislation, the appropriators asked for their 302(a) allocation to be determined by about a week ago. Without that number in hand, and with the current CR expiring on January 15, the chances of further short-term CRs and still-later final appropriations legislation are increasing by the minute. And the shorter the duration of any real appropriations legislation, the less the potential beneficial impact of any well-chosen adjustments, the harder for well-meaning executive branch managers to do their jobs, and the more-abrupt any changes of appropriations levels need to be to hit an annual total much different from the annual rate of the initial part-year CR.
But it is not dreadfully surprising that the budget-resolution negotiators are having a hard time delivering their final numbers. The substantive preferences of the House and the Senate have little in common. And especially in the House, but even in the Senate, there is considerable diversity of opinion within the majority. A deal cut by the House majority’s negotiator could be rejected by his own caucus and so rendered null, void, and an enormous waste of time and loss of face. Therefore, the negotiation entails frequent consultations with the leaderships and at least indirectly with the full caucuses, which itself takes a lot of time.
Deer Hunting, Economist-Style
One of the best-ever economist jokes has three econometricians out deer hunting. They encounter a deer, and the first econometrician takes his shot and misses one meter to the left. Then the second takes his shot and misses one meter to the right, whereupon the third begins jumping up and down and calls out excitedly, “We got it! We got it!”
By latest accounts, the current budget conference committee is giving a fair impersonation of those three econometricians, aiming both too high and too low. They are acting as though this game were on the level (that is another joke for another day), and therefore are trying to produce some real product. But being incapable in these circumstances of producing something truly real, they are faking it. The result may turn out to be a substantial disappointment, though it may still turn off the pending appropriations and debt-limit crises – which would be sufficient reason for all of us to turn Washington off for a few weeks, and enjoy the holidays.
Back in August of 2011, the Congress and the President escaped an already far too close brush with the debt limit by creating a Supercommittee, charged with saving $1.2 trillion – or else that amount would be cut mostly from annually appropriated spending. Almost everyone agreed that if put into effect, this automatic “sequester” would be excessive; and so it was assumed that it would motivate the Supercommittee to cut a deal. However, this trigger did not have its intended motivational effect, and so it was pulled.
Today, as we approach yet another pair of scheduled train wrecks – one more appropriations expiration and potential government shutdown on January 15, and the beginning of another debt-limit drama on February 7 – the sequester has somehow claimed a leading dramatic role. This is truly hard to justify. Not only is the sequester not sound budget or governmental policy, its amount is also arbitrary, and insufficient to solve the actual long-term budget problem. Yet the new budget resolution conference committee – and the Congress as a whole – have chosen to sanctify the sequester as their reason for being. They seek somehow to replace the arbitrary sequester savings for the next year to justify enacting appropriations and turning off the debt limit.
Mail-Bag Day
A couple of weeks ago, I had the pleasure (based on the fellowship, not the subject matter) of speaking at the annual Economic Summit of the Dallas Regional Chamber about the budget problem. There were so many written questions submitted for the discussion period at the end of the session that the moderator could feed in only a few. Briefly this week, I would like to try to answer one question that did not come up during that discussion. In a later entry or entries, I will try to do some more.
This first question is one that I have heard occasionally, but which has never been addressed actually to me. It goes something like this: What would be worse, a federal government default, or running up this enormous debt to pass on to future generations?
My answer, which I perceive from the question would come off as contrarian, would be “default.” It probably will require some explanation.
(To clarify terminology at the outset: The written question used the term “default,” as I suspect did I in the oral presentation. There are strong differences of opinion about the precise meaning of that term. Some believe that only the failure to pay principal or interest on a debt would qualify as “default;” others would say that it means simply failing to pay all of your bills in full and on time. Trying to respect these differences in the following discussion, let me confess that I fall into the latter camp.)
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The Latest News and Rumors
For Music Festivals in America, Europe, and Worldwide
New festival Sonic Temple to replace Rock on the Range in 2019
Promoter Danny Wimmer Presents has revamped its spring festival lineup
by Spencer Kaufman
on September 07, 2018, 1:52pm
Danny Wimmer Presents
The long-running Columbus, Ohio, hard rock and metal festival Rock on the Range is no more, with promoter Danny Wimmer Presents announcing today that a new extravaganza called Sonic Temple Music Art + Music Festival will take its place in 2019.
Unlike Rock on the Range, which was co-produced by DWP and AEG, Sonic Temple will exclusively be a DWP production. “I am so proud of what we accomplished with Rock on the Range, and we couldn’t have done it without our partnership with AEG,” said Danny Wimmer in a press release. “When we started Rock on the Range, there was no other festival in America quite like it but recently it became clear that we had different visions of where to take the festival next. The city of Columbus and our devoted rock fans deserve a one-of-a-kind, world-class festival, and that is exactly what Sonic Temple Art + Music Festival will bring to MAPFRE Stadium.”
Along with Sonic Temple, which takes place May 17th-19th, 2019, DWP has announced a new revamped spring festival lineup that also includes Welcome to Rockville (May 3rd-5th) at Metropolitan Park in Jacksonville, Florida, and a yet-to-be-named festival in Rockingham, North Carolina (May 10th-12th).
In addition, DWP will bring back Chicago Open Air in 2019, presenting a new event called A Day in the Park at Toyota Park in Bridgeview, Illinois. That festival will run the same weekend as Sonic Temple, May 17th-19th.
“Over the next two years, we will be making a series of major steps that are designed to push the U.S. rock festival market forward,” added Wimmer. “This is the first of those announcements. I believe that the festival market is at a major inflection point. The proliferation of music festivals has been good for competition and caused promoters to aggressively pursue expanded entertainment and enhanced experiences.”
Danny Wimmer Presents also puts on the popular fall festivals Louder Than Life in Louisville, Kentucky, and Aftershock in Sacramento, California, which take place this year on September 28th-30th and October 13th-14th, respectively.
Along with his press statements, Danny Wimmer spoke with Heavy Consequence over the phone to give us some more insight into the decision to change things up starting in 2019. Wimmer told us, “We believe that with how competitive the festival market has gotten, we had to make moves to improve the experience to truly make Sonic Temple the biggest rock festival in America.”
As far as whether Sonic Temple will still primarily be a hard rock and metal festival, Wimmer revealed, “It’s always going to have its core, but it’s gonna allow us to bring some of the other genres that the fans have been asking for. It will always be a rock show — that will never be gone, but the audience is going to see more flavors in the programming.”
Stay tuned for the announcement of artist lineups for all of the DWP spring festivals. You can keep up with the latest news at the Sonic Temple and Danny Wimmer Presents websites.
2019 Music Festival
Hard Rock News
Heavy Metal News
Barack Obama encourages people to vote: “This is not Coachella”
The Mountain Goats share surprise EP, Hex of Infinite Binding: Stream
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The Cornell Daily Sun (https://cornellsun.com/2014/03/17/guardado-the-ukranian-identity-crisis-explained/)
GUARDADO | The Ukranian “Identity Crisis” Explained
By The Cornell Daily Sun | March 17, 2014
BY HAZEL GUARDADO
Throughout the past couple of months, articles about Ukraine’s “fractured identity,” “identity rift” and “crisis of self-identity” have dominated the news. Such articles reference Ukraine’s strong Russian cultural ties and its “lack of national identity and clear direction.” These remarks, however, are only references and do not address the root of the complex problem. In fact, to explain the situation, it is important to consider the nature of politics in new states and how Ukraine fits into such an analysis. In his essay, “The Integrative Revolution: Primordial Sentiments and Civil Politics in the New States,” contemporary American anthropologist Clifford Geertz analyzes the cultural and political determinants of the fates of new states such as Indonesia, Malaya, Burma and Lebanon. Although Geertz does not apply his ideas to Ukraine, they are extremely relevant and can help us understand the political crisis today.
Ukraine gained independence after the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991. For the people of new states, according to Geertz, the desire to be recognized as “responsible agents…whose opinions matter’” and the desire to “build an efficient, dynamic modern state” are two key goals. Neither of these should be surprising to the international community. There is a certain tension between these two desires, however, since one is a social search for importance in the world while the second is a practical aim to obtain a strong civil society, rule of law and a growing economy. While the former is the image that the new state projects abroad, the latter is the political effectiveness it achieves domestically. Geertz explains that this tension can be dangerous, but it is also necessary for the evolution of the state.
More dangerous to new states are the primordial ties that threaten to completely divide it from within. Primordial ties are the “givens” of social existence, such as language, identification with a particular region and skin color. Multiethnic, multilingual states must put the integrity of the new state above these primordial attachments, but this is difficult to do in the beginning stages of the independence when “the tradition of civil politics is weak” and “technical requirements for an effective government welfare are poorly understood.” Race, language, religion and custom become politicized and threaten “a redrawing of the very limits of the state.”
Such a description eerily resembles the linguistic and cultural divides of Ukraine, which stem largely from the fact that different parts of the Ukrainian territory have historically been under different influences. To the west of the Dnieper River, which cuts Ukraine roughly in half, Polish, Lithuanian and Austro-Hungarian influences have been strongest; to the east, Russian customs and language have dominated for hundreds of years. Conflicts especially arise when one group feels “politically suffocated” by the other, a claim that has been made by some Russians in Ukraine after the perceived imposition of Ukrainian language.
Ukraine is less stable, like all multilingual states, because these primordial attachments are still so fresh and prevent it from having a sense of unity, or feeling of “kith and kin” as Geertz describes. When colonizers first came to North America, for instance, they were ready to renounce allegiances to their home countries and had a desire to begin anew that provided them with a sense of oneness. In Ukraine, an additional generational divide further adds to this disunity: People who grew up before Ukraine gained independence have more difficulty considering themselves Ukrainian no matter what their native tongue is.
However, this analysis must not undermine the fact that the Ukrainian Euromaidan movement is about more than identity. As previously stated, one of the two main goals of new states is an efficient, modern state. This certainly applies to Ukraine, and more than a European or Russian identity, protesters want a transparent and democratic government that encourages a robust civil society.
Better Living Through Chemistry: Sex, Drugs, Schlock & Droll
By The Cornell Daily Sun March 17, 2014
By KAITLYN TIFFANY
Courtesy of Samuel Goldwyn Pictures
Cornell Dialogue Group Wins Diversity Award
By SLOANE GRINSPOON
The Intergroup Dialogue Project — a series of peer-facilitated courses that aim to raise awareness about social justice issues — was awarded the Perkins Prize for Interracial Understanding and Harmony last Tuesday. The Intergroup Dialogue Project is a series of three courses offered by the College of Agriculture and Life Sciences — Education 2610, 3610 and 4980 — according to A.T. Miller, associate vice provost for academic diversity.
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The Cornell Daily Sun (https://cornellsun.com/2015/11/03/college-of-engineering-rebrands-kimball-hall-research-lab/)
A renamed and rebranded nanomaterials lab in Kimball Hall is now open for public use. (Sun File Photo)
College of Engineering Rebrands Kimball Hall Research Lab
By Phoebe Keller | November 3, 2015
More on News
The College of Engineering recently rebranded a Kimball Hall research lab, which is now open to the public for the first time.
The opening of the lab, now known as Cornell’s Center for Nanomaterials Engineering and Technology, follows the expiration of a grant from King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, which created Cornell’s Center for Energy and Sustainability in 2008. After the partnership between the two universities ended, the College of Engineering decided to reappropriate the remaining lab equipment due to continuing interest in nanomaterial research.
The lab will now be open to all students, researchers and private companies who are willing to pay a fee to use the lab’s equipment, according to Prof. Robert Van Dover, materials science and engineering, the center’s co-director.
“The main raison d’être for CNET is the service it provides to Cornell faculty, staff and student researchers,” he said. “It will enhance their productivity and make possible studies that would otherwise be prohibitively expensive.”
Van Dover said the lab’s new public status will help Cornellian users develop technology in a way that extends beyond economic research as well as attracting the interest of outside companies. He said he believes Cornell faculty research groups will be the primary users, with some use coming from start-ups and smaller companies.
In its first month of operation, the lab was commissioned by 30 unique users, including some not affiliated with Cornell. The lab has 17 items of sophisticated equipment available for synthesis, processing and characterization of materials, according to Van Dover.
This equipment can be used to develop and analyze materials for carbon capture and conversion, electrochemical energy storage and innovating methods of biomedicine and drug delivery, according to the University.
Leaderboard 2
The University believes the new lab could also potentially be used to encourage partnerships between Cornell and various private companies. These interactions could create the atmosphere of a business incubator for students interested in entrepreneurship, in addition to attracting interest from national companies.
While the center will now generate revenue for Cornell, its directors said commercial benefits did not lead to the lab becoming public.
“[The lab’s aim is to] make the state-of-the-art facilities of CNET available to researchers across the campus and beyond will enable studies that would otherwise require them to buy or rent expensive equipment,” Van Dover said. “Having researchers with a wide range of backgrounds and interests working side-by-side in CNET will also facilitate serendipitous interactions.”
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About Phoebe Keller
Phoebe Keller is the Managing Editor of the 134th Editorial Board and served as an Assistant News Editor on the 133rd board. She can be reached at managing-editor@cornellsun.com.
More by Phoebe
Cornell Architecture Programs Receive Top Rankings by Magazine
By Stephanie Yan November 3, 2015
Cornell architecture faculty said they are “thrilled” about a report by magazine Architectural Record that ranked Cornell’s undergraduate and graduate programs first and second in the United States, respectively — according to department chair Prof. Mark Cruvellier, architecture. The survey, conducted by research group Design Intelligence, asked professional practices and corporations to rank graduates from different schools, according to Architectural Record’s website.
Cornell Community Debates Merits of Trigger Warnings
On Sept. 11, 2014, Hannah Dancy’s ’17 chemistry professor demonstrated the chemical reaction that occurred in explosions during the 2001 attacks on the Twin Towers.
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Lack of vigorous diplomacy
Azizullah Khan
That Pakistan
released 13 Taliban commanders on the request of the delegation of the Afghanistan peace council is a welcome move. But given the formidable challenge of rehabilitation and stabilisation of Afghanistan, one can easily shrug off the development as not very significant. The little importance it carries is because it is arguably indicative of Pakistan’s willingness to extend its support to the Afghanistan peace process.
Pakistan is allegedly believed to have hijacked the peace process by detaining all those Taliban commanders who could have negotiated peace with the Afghan government. The Taliban claim that their 30 to 40 commanders, including Mullah Ghani Baradar, Mullah Omer’s close associate, Mullah Nooruddin Toorabi, the former minister of justice, and Mullah Jahangirwal, the former secretary of the Taliban leader, Mullah Mohammad Omar, are languishing in Pakistani jails. While the Afghan government claim that almost 1,000 Taliban commanders who can help in bringing peace are detained by Pakistan, Afghanistan has been requesting the release of these commanders for quite some time. The Afghans are sceptical of the intentions of Pakistan; they fear that Pakistan will use these commanders as proxies in Afghanistan after the US withdrawal. The release of these commanders by Pakistan may assuage the fears of the Afghans.
It is not as yet clear to what degree will these commanders be helpful in making peace with the Karzai regime. Are they authorised to talk peace with the Karzai regime? Have they any influence over the foot soldiers? Are they themselves ready to make a compromise? Even if answers to these questions are imagined in the affirmative, it is not a big deal. To address the secondary issues and shy away from the core issues is to cure the symptom, not the disease. And the disease that is affecting the health of Pak-Afghan relations is the trust deficit between the two neighbouring states.
Afghanistan has presumed that Pakistan can never see it as a stabilised state or respect its sovereignty in its true sense. Therefore it believes it is required to find the means to stop Pakistan from interfering in its internal affairs. For this purpose, it is presently relying on the US and the international community. It wants the US to open its eyes to the intervention of Pakistan (in Afghanistan), resort to extreme actions against Islamabad in order to pressurise it to stop the intervention. It also believes that owing to the Taliban attacks on American and NATO soldiers emanating from Pakistan’s border region, the US will one day feel constrained to resort to harsh actions against Pakistan. Besides that, it also believes that the international community’s long-term commitment to peace and stability (in Afghanistan) will deter Pakistan from destructive interference in its internal affairs. In one way or the other, it believes, it will stabilise itself and will not be called upon to yield to the dictates of Pakistan.
Pakistan believes that given the hostile attitude of the weak and de-stabilised Afghanistan to its sensitivities, it is easy to conjecture that a stabilised Afghanistan will create problems for it. Pakistan needs a guaranteed assurance that Afghanistan will respect its sensitivities. In the absence of any serious negotiations about these apprehensions and the presumed intransigence of Afghanistan, Pakistan is relying on self-justifying fantasies. It believes that the Taliban having already defeated the US will show a little more resilience to disgrace, humiliate and compel the latter to leave Afghanistan as soon as possible. As the US quits, NATO and other forces will follow suit and Afghanistan will once again be left at the Taliban’s mercy. The Afghan army will stumble, armed factions will be resurrected, and civil war will only be a matter of time. In such a scenario, Pakistan believes that it will not be hard pressed to seriously talk to Kabul or reconsider relations.
Yes, some change in Pakistan policy towards Afghanistan has come, but it is merely a change in attitude, not substance. How can there be a substantive change in Pakistan’s policy if its sensitivities are still there and Afghanistan’s response to those sensitivities is still the same, i.e. hostile? Pakistan will not disclose all its cards at once. It neither wants to remain irrelevant to the peace process nor wants to close ‘other’ options altogether.
The trust deficit between the two states is caused by differences about the Durand Line. That is the main problem between the neighbouring states and all other issues such as cross-border terrorism, respect for sovereignty of Afghanistan or mutually hostile attitudes are only the byproduct. The most fateful aspect of the relationship is that there is no serious talk about this core problem, let alone any improvement towards a solution. Although it is quite clear that the clearance of the understanding about the Line is the need of the hour, one cannot hope this problem will be solved in the near future.
Managers of both the states have deemed it an issue of collective honour and dignity. With utter disregard for the miseries of the wretched citizenry of both states, they are trying to outwit each other and solve the problem in accordance with their own lofty ideals. The elites and those officials who enjoy privileges have an opportunity to concern themselves with the collective honour and respect, but the wretched need peace, progress and prosperity. Peace and stability have become a luxury for them. Inaction on the part of the diplomats of both the states will bring a new spate of destruction and chaos on the people of this region. This time if that was to happen to Afghanistan, it will not be confined to it but will spread in the whole region, especially in Pakistan.
The writer is a political observer and can be reached at khetranazk@gmail.com
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Diabetes And Renal Failure: Everything You Need To Know
Diabetic Ketoacidosis Increases Risk of Acute Renal Failure in Pediatric Patients with Type 1 Diabetes
Renal Handling of Ketones in Response to Sodium–Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibition in Patients Wit ...
Incidence of End-Stage Renal Disease Attributed to Diabetes Among Persons with Diagnosed Diabetes U ...
diabetestalk.net
What Is Distal Renal Tubular Acidosis?
DTN Staff
Distal Renal Tubular Acidosis
Distal renal tubular acidosis (dRTA) or Type 1 renal tubular acidosis (RTA) is the classical form of RTA, being the first described. Distal RTA is characterized by a failure of acid secretion by the alpha intercalated cells of the cortical collecting duct of the distal nephron . This failure of acid secretion may be due to a number of causes, and it leads to an inability to acidify the urine to a pH of less than 5.3. Radiograph of a rickets sufferer, a complication of both distal and proximal RTA. Because renal excretion is the primary means of eliminating acid from the body, there is consequently a tendency towards acidemia . This leads to the clinical features of dRTA: [1] Urinary stone formation (related to alkaline urine, hypercalciuria , and low urinary citrate). [2] Nephrocalcinosis (deposition of calcium in the substance of the kidney) Bone demineralisation (causing rickets in children and osteomalacia in adults) The symptoms and sequelae of dRTA are variable and range from being completely asymptomatic , to loin pain and hematuria from kidney stones , to failure to thrive and severe rickets in childhood forms as well as possible renal failure and even death. dRTA commonly leads to sodium loss and volume contraction, which causes a compensatory increase in blood levels of aldosterone . [3] Aldosterone causes increased resorption of sodium and loss of potassium in the collecting duct of the kidney, so these increased aldosterone levels cause the hypokalemia which is a common symptom of dRTA. [3] The pH of patient's blood is highly variable, and acidemia is not necessarily characteristic of sufferers of dRTA at any given time. One may have dRTA caused by alpha intercalated cell failure without necessarily being acidemic; termed incomplete dRTA, which is characteri Continue reading >>
Renal Handling of Ketones in Response to Sodium–Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibition in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes
Distal renal tubular acidosis is a disease of defective urinary acidification, which is caused by insufficient net acid excretion by the kidney. Fiona E. Karet, in Genetic Diseases of the Kidney , 2009 Distal renal tubular acidosis is a disease of defective urinary acidification, which is caused by insufficient net acid excretion by the kidney. Unfortunately, the classification of the RTAs can be confusing, because within the overall historical scheme of nomenclature, types 1 and 4 RTA are both caused by distal nephron dysfunction. In this chapter we are mainly concerned with type 1 RTA, which is directly due to dysfunction of the acid-handling -intercalated cells (-IC) in the collecting system, and this distal form is associated with hypokalemia. In contrast, type 4 RTA is associated with hypoaldosteronism (true and pseudo-) and defective distal nephron sodium handling by principal cells in this same nephron segment, and therefore with hyperkalemia, and only secondarily with inadequate acid excretion. Both types 1 and 4 dRTA actually cover large groups of different conditions, both inherited and acquired. Thus it is type 1 RTA that is most commonly referred to as distal RTA (dRTA). Julian L. Seifter, in Goldman's Cecil Medicine (Twenty Fourth Edition) , 2012 In distal renal tubular acidosis (type 1), failure to produce ammonia leads to an inability to excrete net acid, thereby leading to continuous retention of acid in the body. The degree of acidemia is often severe, with pH reaching values as low as 7.2, whereas urine pH usually exceeds 5.3. Kindreds have been described in which mutations in genes for the distal vacuolar H+-ATPase cause an autosomal recessive distal renal tubular acidosis with deafness. Mutations resulting in defective Cl/HCO3 exchange protein (AE1) Continue reading >>
Distal Renal Tubular Acidosis Sequencing Panel - Preventiongenetics
Distal Renal Tubular Acidosis Sequencing Panel We are happy to accommodate requests for single genes or a subset of these genes. The price will remain the list price. If desired, free reflex testing to remaining genes on panel is available. Alternatively, a single gene or subset of genes can also be ordered on our PGxome Custom Panel. For ordering targeted known variants, please proceed to our Targeted Variants landing page. The great majority oftests are completed within 28 days. Detection rate of pathogenic variants in SLC4A1 and CA2 in a large cohort of patients with distal renal tubular acidosis (dRTA) is unknown in the literature because only a limited number of cases have been reported. In the original study that identified ATP6V1B1 pathogenic variants in autosomal recessive dRTA, Karet et al. studied 31 unrelated kindred (27 had family history of consanguineous marriage) and found ATP6V1B1 pathogenic variants in 19 (61%) cases (Karet et al. 1999). In another study of 26 patients with autosomal recessive dRTA, of which 23 were consanguineous, ATP6V1B1 pathogenic variants were found in 10 (38%) cases (Stover et al. 2002). In the original study that identified ATP6V0A4 pathogenic variants in autosomal recessive dRTA with normal hearing, Karet et al. studied 13 unrelated kindred (12 had family history of consanguineous marriage) and found ATP6V0A4 mutations in 9 (68%) cases (Karet et al. 1999). In another study of 26 patients with autosomal recessive dRTA, of which 23 were consanguineous, ATP6V0A4 pathogenic variants were found in 12 (46%) cases (Stover et al. 2002). Hereditary forms of distal renal tubular acidosis (dRTA) result from impaired acid excretion at intercalated cells in the collecting tubules and are characterized by hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis wi Continue reading >>
Controlling Type 2 Diabetes Through Diet – Expert’s Panel
Renal Tubular Acidosis
Each time our internal organs do something, such as digesting food or healing damaged tissue, chemical reactions take place in the body's cells. These reactions cause acid to go into the bloodstream. Normally, the kidneys remove excess acid from blood, but certain diseases, genetic defects, or drugs can damage a kidney's ability to do this important job. This can allow too much acid to build up in the blood and cause problems. When this happens, it's called renal tubular acidosis (RTA). Without treatment, RTA can affect a child's growth and cause kidney stones , fatigue, muscle weakness, and other symptoms. Over time, untreated acidosis can lead to long-term problems like bone disease, kidney disease , and kidney failure. Fortunately, such complications are rare, since most cases of RTA can be effectively treated with medicines or by treating the condition that's causing the acid to build up. The kidneys are a pair of bean-shaped organs located toward the back of the abdominal cavity, just above the waist. The kidneys remove waste products and extra water from the food a person eats, returning chemicals the body needs (such as sodium, phosphorus, and potassium) back into the bloodstream. The extra water combines with other waste to become urine (pee). The main functional units of the kidneys, where the blood filtering happens, are tiny structures called nephrons. Each kidney has about a million nephrons, and each nephron has a renal tubule, a tube where the acid and waste products filtered from the blood are secreted into urine. Having a disease or defect can interfere with how the renal tubules function, which can lead to RTA. There are a few different kinds of RTA. The first two types are named for the part of the renal tubule in which the damage or defect is found. Continue reading >>
Also known as: Renal tubular acidosis - distal, Renal tubular acidosis type I, Type I RTA, RTA - distal or Classical RTA Distal renal tubular acidosis is a disease that occurs when the kidneys do not properly remove acids from the blood into the urine. As a result, too much acid remains in the blood (called acidosis ). When the body performs its normal functions, it produces acid. If this acid is not removed or neutralized, the blood becomes too acidic. This can lead to electrolyte imbalances in the blood. It can also cause problems with normal function of some cells. The kidneys help control the body's acid level by removing acid from the blood and excreting it into the urine. Distal renal tubular acidosis (Type I RTA) is caused by a defect in the kidney tubes that causes acid to build up in the blood. Type I RTA is caused by a variety of conditions, including: Amyloidosis , a buildup of abnormal protein, called amyloid, in the tissues and organs Fabry disease, an abnormal buildup in the body of a certain type of fatty substance Sickle cell disease , red blood cells that are normally shaped like a disk take on a sickle or crescent shape Sjgren syndrome , an autoimmune disorder in which the glands that produce tears and saliva are destroyed Systemic lupus erythematosus , an autoimmune disease in which the body's immune system mistakenly attacks healthy tissue Wilson disease , an inherited disorder in which there is too much copper in the body's tissues Use of certain medicines, such as amphotericin B, lithium, and analgesics Nephrocalcinosis (too much calcium deposited in the kidneys) The doctor will perform a physical exam and ask about your symptoms. The goal is to restore normal acid level and electrolyte balance in the body. This will help correct bone disorders an Continue reading >>
Renal Tubular Acidosis And Uraemic Acidosis
Metabolic acidosis can occur in both acute and chronic renal disorders the anion gap may be elevated, due to uraemic acidosis the anion gap may be normal, due to renal tubular acidosis (RTA) Uraemic acidosis results from the loss of functional nephrons decreased glomerular filtration rate (GFR) (e.g. <20 mL/min) accumulation of acidic anions such as phosphate and sulfate occurs causes high anion gap metabolic acidosis (HAGMA) patients manifest as renal failure, often have prolonged survival and develop chronic complications such as bone demineralisation Renal tubular acidosis (RTA) involves defects isolated to the renal tubules only GFR may be normal or only minimally affected primary problem is defective renal acid-base regulation due to impaired ability to acidify the urine and excrete acid results in net acid retention and hyperchloremic normal anion gap metabolic acidosis (NAGMA) may be incomplete and only develop in the presence of an acid load occurs despite a normal or only mildly reduced glomerular filtration rate (GFR) RTA is often detected incidentally through an abnormal blood workup, but some patients present with clinical features such as poor growth, dehydration, or altered mental state COMPARISON OF TYPES OF RENAL TUBULAR ACIDOSIS (RTA) urine pH remains >5.5 despite severe acidaemia (HCO3 < 15mmol/L) HCO3loading test leads to increased urinary HCO3 may require an acid load test to see whether urinary pH remains > 5.5 hyperchloraemic acidosis, alkaline urine, and renal stone formation secondary hyperaldosteronism results in increased K+ loss in urine NaHCO3 (corrects Na+ deficit, ECF volume and corrects hypokalaemia) sodium and potassium citrate solutions can be useful if hypokalaemia persistent citrate also binds Ca2+ in the urine and can help to prevent Continue reading >>
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Renal tubular acidosis (RTA) is acidosis and electrolyte disturbances due to impaired renal hydrogen ion excretion (type 1), impaired bicarbonate resorption (type 2), or abnormal aldosterone production or response (type 4). (Type 3 is extremely rare and is not discussed.) Patients may be asymptomatic, display symptoms and signs of electrolyte derangements, or progress to chronic kidney disease. Diagnosis is based on characteristic changes in urine pH and electrolytes in response to provocative testing. Treatment corrects pH and electrolyte imbalances using alkaline agents, electrolytes, and, rarely, drugs. RTA defines a class of disorders in which excretion of hydrogen ions or reabsorption of filtered bicarbonate is impaired, leading to a chronic metabolic acidosis with a normal anion gap. Hyperchloremia is usually present, and secondary derangements may involve other electrolytes, such as potassium (frequently) and calcium (rarelysee Table: Some Features of Different Types of Renal Tubular Acidosis* ). Chronic RTA is often associated with structural damage to renal tubules and may progress to chronic kidney disease . Some Features of Different Types of Renal Tubular Acidosis* Treatment of concomitant abnormalities related to potassium, calcium, and phosphate metabolism Treatment consists of correction of pH and electrolyte balance with alkali therapy. Failure to treat RTA in children slows growth. Alkaline agents such as sodium bicarbonate, potassium bicarbonate, or sodium citrate help achieve a relatively normal plasma bicarbonate concentration (22 to 24 mEq/L). Potassium citrate can be substituted when persistent hypokalemia is present or, because sodium increases calcium excretion, when calcium calculi are present. Vitamin D (eg, ergocalciferol 800 IU po once/day) Continue reading >>
Omim Entry - # 602722 - Renal Tubular Acidosis, Distal, Autosomal Recessive; Rtadr
A number sign (#) is used with this entry because autosomal recessive distal renal tubular acidosis (dRTA) with preserved hearing or late-onset sensorineural hearing loss is caused by homozygous mutation in the ATP6N1B gene (ATP6V0A4; 605239 ) on chromosome 7q34. The maintenance of body fluid pH within a narrow range is critical for a wide variety of essential biochemical and metabolic functions. The kidney plays a key role in this homeostasis under normal circumstances, owing to its ability to vary bicarbonate reclamation and net acid excretion over a wide range. In the renal tubular acidoses (RTAs), however, acid-base balance becomes deranged either because of inability to secrete acid in the distal nephron or because of proximal bicarbonate loss ( 267200 ). Primary distal RTA is characterized by the failure of the kidney to produce an appropriately acid urine in the presence of systemic metabolic acidosis or after acid loading, due to failure of hydrogen ion secretion or bicarbonate reabsorption in the distal nephron. This results in hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis of varying severity. The condition is usually accompanied by nephrocalcinosis or nephrolithiasis. Other findings include hypokalemia and normal serum calcium and phosphate levels, although osteomalacia or rickets may supervene in untreated cases. Alkali replacement serves to reverse most of the biochemical abnormalities. Both autosomal dominant ( 179800 ) and autosomal recessive patterns have been observed in kindreds with primary distal RTA, and the spectrum of clinical severity is wide. Some patients with autosomal dominant distal RTA remain asymptomatic until adolescence or adulthood, whereas others, and those with recessive disease, may be severely affected in infancy, with impaired growth and early Continue reading >>
Genetic Causes And Mechanisms Of Distal Renal Tubular Acidosis
Genetic causes and mechanisms of distal renal tubular acidosis Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine Correspondence and offprint requests to: Daniel Batlle; E-mail: [email protected] Search for other works by this author on: Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation, Volume 27, Issue 10, 1 October 2012, Pages 36913704, Daniel Batlle, Syed K. Haque; Genetic causes and mechanisms of distal renal tubular acidosis, Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation, Volume 27, Issue 10, 1 October 2012, Pages 36913704, The primary or hereditary forms of distal renal tubular acidosis (dRTA) have received increased attention because of advances in the understanding of the molecular mechanism, whereby mutations in the main proteins involved in acidbase transport result in impaired acid excretion. Dysfunction of intercalated cells in the collecting tubules accounts for all the known genetic causes of dRTA. These cells secrete protons into the tubular lumen through H+-ATPases functionally coupled to the basolateral anion exchanger 1 (AE1). The substrate for both transporters is provided by the catalytic activity of the cytosolic carbonic anhydrase II (CA II), an enzyme which is also present in the proximal tubular cells and osteoclasts. Mutations in ATP6V1B1, encoding the B-subtype unit of the apical H(+) ATPase, and ATP6V0A4, encoding the a-subtype unit, lead to the loss of function of the apical H(+) ATPase and are usually responsible for patients with autosomal recessive dRTA often associated with early or late sensorineural deafness. Mutations in the gene encoding the cytosolic CA II are associated with the autosomal recessive syndrome of osteopetrosis, mixed distal and proximal RTA and cerebral calcification. Mutations in Continue reading >>
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Type 1 (distal) Renal Tubular Acidosis - Deranged Physiology
This form of renal tubular acidosis is a failure of the cortical collecting duct to decrease chloride resorption in response to acidosis. The defect seems to be in the activity of alpha-intercalated cells of the collecting duct. The mechanism of distal renal tubular acidosis There are a few mechanisms discussed in the literature, each of which can result in a diminished urinary acidification, and in a normal anion gap metabolic acidosis. The key feature of the renal tubular mechanisms involved here is the import of systemic ammonia, as well as the de novo synthesis of ammonia from glutamine within the renal tubule. (This ammonia also leaks out of the kidney into the systemic circulation, but in itself it is not a significant contributor to systemic ammonia levels , in case you are wondering.) Firstly, one can completely destroy the water-impermeable membranes which separate the peritubular capillary and the tubular lumen. This would lead to an equilibration of bicarbonate and chloride, with the resulting failure to excrete one and retain the other. This is exactly what happens when amphotericin attacks the tubule. Any interference with NH3 and H+ excretion in the alpha-intercalated cells is another such mechanism. The ionized NH4+, the combination of excreted NH3 and H+ remains in the lumen of the tubule (where it is trapped by its charge). This positive charge is balanced by the chloride anions, which are already present in the tubule. Any defect of ammonia excretion would therefore decrease the concentration of chloride anions in the tubular fluid. This chloride would have to be retained. The main defect in this case seems to be a problem with ATP-powered H+ secretion, which is normally an acidity-regulated process. As pH drops, so the activity of this protein should Continue reading >>
I do not know why anyone would diagnose distal RTA (dRTA) very often. As I will show you it has colorful and unusual characteristics as unmistakable as rare, so diagnosis is not difficult. But many more people think they have than have it. In my 50 years of kidney stone prevention I have perhaps a few dozen examples or so, out of many thousands of stone formers. This is another of those long, elaborate articles only the most devoted read. Even so, elaborate as it is, this article tells only part of the story. It simplifies or simply ignores the mechanism for low potassium in dRTA, and left for another time its genetic causes, and also the bone and mineral disorders and treatment outcomes. I forgive myself, as just this part has been most taxing to write and is equally so to read. In a subsequent article I hope to expand on diagnosis and treatment, the bone and mineral disorders, genetic transporter disorders, and take up the novel modern issue of acid retention and its effects on kidneys. So consider the present article a part of my planned contribution. The featured illustration of kidney tissue from a patient with dRTA shows many crystal deposits on a radiograph (panel a), that at surgery mostly are calcified deposits (panel b) that nearly replace papillary tissue (panels c and d). Kidneys make urine more acid than blood because most of us eat a diet that imposes an acid load on the body and kidneys need to remove that acid.But apart from balancing acid excretion to diet acid load, unless kidneys acidify urine calcium phosphate crystals may form in such profusion as to block kidney tubules and produce kidney stones. This happens because as they conserve water kidneys concentrate urine calcium phosphate salts far above their levels in blood. If they simultaneously mak Continue reading >>
Orphanet: Distal Renal Tubular Acidosis
Only comments seeking to improve the quality and accuracy of information on the Orphanet website are accepted. For all other comments, please send your remarks via contact us . Only comments written in English can be processed. Check this box if you wish to receive a copy of your message Distal renal tubular acidosis (dRTA) is a disorder of impaired net acid secretion by the distal tubule characterized by hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis. The classic form is often associated with hypokalemia whereas other forms of acquired dRTA may be associated with hypokalemia, hyperkalemia or normokalemia. Inheritance: Autosomal dominantorAutosomal recessiveorNot applicable Prevalence of dRTA is unknown but is often underreported. The hereditary forms of dRTA are more prevalent in areas of high consanguinity (Arabic peninsula and North Africa) whereas acquired dRTA has been reported more frequently in Western countries. Disease onset can occur at any age, depending on cause. Hereditary dRTA subtypes include autosomal dominant (AD) and autosomal recessive (AR) dRTA (see these terms). A recessive subtype of dRTA associated with anemia has also been described in Southeast Asia. AR forms are frequently diagnosed in infants and young children. AD dRTA is mostly diagnosed in adolescents and young adults. Patients with dRTA can be asymptomatic or can present with polyuria, polydipsia, weakness and fatigue (symptoms associated with hypokalemia). Failure to thrive, rickets, stunting of growth (seen in children) and osteomalacia or osteopenia (seen in adults) are a result of urinary calcium wastage and a loss of calcium salts from the bones. Hypercalciuria, nephrolithiasis and nephrocalcinosis usually occur. Low plasma potassium levels in those with the classic form of dRTA can also cause ca Continue reading >>
Renal tubular acidosis - distal; Renal tubular acidosis type I; Type I RTA; RTA - distal; Classical RTA Distal renal tubular acidosis is a disease that occurs when the kidneys do not properly remove acids from the blood into the urine. As a result, too much acid remains in the blood (called acidosis ). The kidneys are responsible for removing wastes from the body, regulating electrolyte balance and blood pressure, and the stimulation of red blood cell production. This is the typical appearance of the blood vessels (vasculature) and urine flow pattern in the kidney. The blood vessels are shown in red and the urine flow pattern in yellow. When the body performs its normal functions, it produces acid. If this acid is not removed or neutralized, the blood becomes too acidic. This can lead to electrolyte imbalances in the blood. It can also cause problems with normal function of some cells. The kidneys help control the body's acid level by removing acid from the blood and excreting it into the urine. Distal renal tubular acidosis (Type I RTA) is caused by a defect in the kidney tubes that causes acid to build up in the blood. Type I RTA is caused by a variety of conditions, including: Amyloidosis , a buildup of abnormal protein, called amyloid, in the tissues and organs Fabry disease, an abnormal buildup in the body of a certain type of fatty substance Sickle cell disease , red blood cells that are normally shaped like a disk take on a sickle or crescent shape Sjgren syndrome , an autoimmune disorder in which the glands that produce tears and saliva are destroyed Systemic lupus erythematosus , an autoimmune disease in which the body's immune system mistakenly attacks healthy tissue Wilson disease , an inherited disorder in which there is too much copper in the body's tissue Continue reading >>
Renal tubular acidosis (RTA) is a disease that occurs when the kidneys fail to excrete acids into the urine, which causes a person's blood to remain too acidic. Without proper treatment, chronic acidity of the blood leads to growth retardation, kidney stones, bone disease, chronic kidney disease, and possibly total kidney failure. The body's cells use chemical reactions to carry out tasks such as turning food into energy and repairing tissue. These chemical reactions generate acids. Some acid in the blood is normal, but too much acidacidosiscan disturb many bodily functions. Healthy kidneys help maintain acid-base balance by excreting acids into the urine and returning bicarbonatean alkaline, or base, substanceto the blood. This "reclaimed" bicarbonate neutralizes much of the acid that is created when food is broken down in the body. The movement of substances like bicarbonate between the blood and structures in the kidneys is called transport. One researcher has theorized that Charles Dickens may have been describing a child with RTA in the character of Tiny Tim from A Christmas Carol. Tiny Tim's small stature, malformed limbs, and periods of weakness are all possible consequences of the chemical imbalance caused by RTA.1 In the story, Tiny Tim recovers when he receives medical treatment, which would likely have included sodium bicarbonate and sodium citrate, alkaline agents to neutralize acidic blood. The good news is that medical treatment can indeed reverse the effects of RTA. To diagnose RTA, doctors check the acid-base balance in blood and urine samples. If the blood is more acidic than it should be and the urine less acidic than it should be, RTA may be the reason, but additional information is needed to rule out other causes. If RTA is the reason, additional in Continue reading >>
Renal Tubular Acidosis: The Clinical Entity
Renal Tubular Acidosis: The Clinical Entity Department of Pediatrics, Hospital de Cruces, Vizcaya, Spain. Correspondence to Professor J. Rodrguez-Soriano, Department of Pediatrics, Hospital de Cruces, Plaza de Cruces s/n, Baracaldo, 48903 Vizcaya, Spain. Phone: 34-94-6006357; Fax: 34-94-6006044; E-mail: jsoriano{at}hcru.osakidetza.net The term renal tubular acidosis (RTA) is applied to a group of transport defects in the reabsorption of bicarbonate (HCO3), the excretion of hydrogen ion (H+), or both. This condition was first described in 1935 ( 1 ), confirmed as a renal tubular disorder in 1946 ( 2 ), and designated renal tubular acidosis in 1951 ( 3 ). The RTA syndromes are characterized by a relatively normal GFR and a metabolic acidosis accompanied by hyperchloremia and a normal plasma anion gap. In contrast, the term uremic acidosis is applied to patients with low GFR in whom metabolic acidosis is accompanied by normo- or hypochloremia and an increased plasma anion gap. The renal acid-base homeostasis may be broadly divided into two processes: (1) reabsorption of filtered HCO3, which occurs fundamentally in the proximal convoluted tubule; and (2) excretion of fixed acids through the titration of urinary buffers and the excretion of ammonium, which takes place primarily in the distal nephron. The mechanisms for proximal reabsorption of approximately 80 to 90% of filtered HCO3 are displayed in Figure 1 . The foremost processes occurring in this segment are H+ secretion at the luminal membrane via a specific Na+- H+ exchanger (NHE-3) and HCO3 transport at the basolateral membrane via a Na+- HCO3 cotransporter (NBC-1). In the proximal tubules, carbonic acid (H2CO3) is formed within the cell by the hydration of CO2, a reaction catalyzed by a soluble cytoplasmic carbonic Continue reading >>
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https://digitalkidsinitiative.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/08/09-14-2017-Selfie-Viewing.mp3
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Dating Abuse and Technology
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Should Parents Snoop
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Andy Crouch: Managing Technology
Is Social Media Causing Depression In Teens?
https://digitalkidsinitiative.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/03-10-2017-Smartphone-Addiction.mp3
Media Violence and Agression
https://digitalkidsinitiative.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/03-09-2017-Media-Violence-and-Aggression.mp3
Texting and Conversation
https://digitalkidsinitiative.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/03-08-2017-Texting-and-Conversation.mp3
Phones and the Decline of Sociability
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3 Places to be Phone Free
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Teen Distracted Driving
https://digitalkidsinitiative.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/02-21-2017-Teen-Distracted-Driving.mp3
https://digitalkidsinitiative.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/02-16-2017-Online-Bullying.mp3
Teen Texting Language
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Parents and Screen Time
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Should Parents Snoop?
Backpack Challenge
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Media Discernment
https://digitalkidsinitiative.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/09/10-13-2016-Media-Discernment.mp3
Media Discernment Prayers
https://digitalkidsinitiative.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/09/10-12-2016-Media-Discernment-Prayers.mp3
Media & Worldviews
https://digitalkidsinitiative.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/09/10-11-2016-Media-and-Worldviews.mp3
Media Limits
https://digitalkidsinitiative.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/09/10-10-2016-Media-Limits.mp3
6 Ways To Help Your Kids Stop Multitasking During Homework
https://d1pmarobgdhgjx.cloudfront.net/parenttip/PT_6WaysToStopMultitasking-new.mp4
Taking Charge of The Internet: 3 Key Steps for Parents to Take
Porn #5
https://digitalkidsinitiative.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/08-05-2016-Porn-5.mp3
“You Caught Your Kid Looking at Porn. What’s Your First Response?” from Harvest USA
You caught your kid looking at porn. What’s your first response? from Harvest USA on Vimeo.
View by Media:
Adolescent Development (19)
Digital Natives (6)
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Distraction (13)
Electronic Addiction (33)
Handheld Devices (8)
Internet Safety (18)
Multi-tasking (4)
Narcissisim (4)
Online Comparison (2)
Online Integrity (7)
Social Causes (1)
Spiritual Nurture (1)
Tech Toys (3)
Unplugging (8)
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Category Archives: reviews of Dreiser works
“adolescent pachyderm”
review of Dawn (Dreiser called pachyderm) – Time 5-18-1931
The review of Theodore Dreiser’s Dawn posted here (as a Word document) is from the May 18, 1931 edition of Time.
It is written in the typically snippy (and often parodied) Time style. Nevertheless, it provides a look at the way Dreiser was regarded in his day.
This entry was posted in miscellaneous, reviews of Dreiser works and tagged シオドア・ドライサー, シオドア・ドライザー, シオドー・ドライサー, シオドー・ドライザー, セオドア・ドライサー, セオドア・ドライザー, теодор драйзер, Theodore Dreiser, Theodore Dreiser Dawn on May 2, 2018 by Roger W. Smith.
Burton Rascoe on Dreiser (Dreiser as autobiographer)
I have always felt that Theodore Dreiser’s A Book About Myself (1922) is not only clearly superior to his other autobiographical work, Dawn (1931), but that the former work is underrated and has been neglected (which it should not be) when it comes to the question of ascertaining what American autobiographies are most deserving of being regarded as classics.
A Book About Myself was republished by Horace Liveright in 1931 under Dreiser’s original title, Newspaper Days. In 1991, the University of Pennsylvania Press published an unexpurgated edition edited by T. D. Nostwich which restored passages considered too explicit for publication when the book was first published. This unbowdlerizing increased the size of length of the work considerably.
The following is an excerpt from a review of the original work in the New York Tribune by Burton Rascoe. The entire review is posted here as a downloadable PDF document. It is a stimulating, lively review which shows a fundamental understanding and appreciation of Dreiser. Arthur Burton Rascoe (1892-1957) was a literary critic for the Tribune. He knew Dreiser personally and was the author of a book about him.
It must be a cause for pain and chagrin to Mr. Dreiser’s detractors as a novelist, who urge against him the single score of immortality, to read this book. On the face of it this self-revelation is frank and sincere. Mr. Dreiser has the conspicuous virtue of all great confessors: he does not hide the truth even when it makes him look ridiculous. For certainly he is in turn pathetic and lovable, sublime and ludicrous. He is, like the George Moore of “Hail and Farewell,” much and often a booby; he is, like the St. Augustine of “The Confessions,” much and often a noddle; he is, like Rousseau, much and often an ass; he is, like Casanova, much and often a vain and comical boaster; he is, like Bunyan and Dickens, in frequent bad taste; but he is forever and always frank, honest, and sincere.
Burton Rascoe review of ‘A Book About Myself’ – NY Herald Trib 12-31-1922
I agree with Rascoe’s assessment. One of the chief things to admire about the book and Dreiser as revealed therein, by Dreiser himself, is Dreiser’s candor. He was never afraid to portray himself both as a budding journalist and idealistic young man to be esteemed, when appropriate; and also as someone often inept and jejune who could be found to have acted rashly and behaved foolishly and to have failed to acquit himself well on many occasions, besides giving heed to both “good” and “bad” impulses.
The book is, above all (as Rascoe notes), an honest and therefore authentic coming of age story. And, a compelling one. It should have more readers, but rarely — in fact, hardly ever — does it get noticed or mentioned as a prime example of American autobiography. It seems to have few readers nowadays.
This entry was posted in A Book About Myself/Newspaper Days, reviews of Dreiser works and tagged シオドア・ドライサー, シオドア・ドライザー, シオドー・ドライサー, シオドー・ドライザー, セオドア・ドライサー, セオドア・ドライザー, Burton Rascoe, теодор драйзер, Theodore Dreiser, Theodore Dreiser A Book About Myself, Theodore Dreiser Newspaper Days on October 12, 2017 by Roger W. Smith.
rhymed review, “The Financier”
‘Rhymed Review, The Financier’ – Life 2-13-1913
Theodore Dreiser’s novel The Financier was published in 1912. (A later, revised and shortened edition was published in 1925.)
This rhymed review of The Financier, by Arthur Guiterman, appeared in the February 13, 1913 issue of Life.
This entry was posted in reviews of Dreiser works, The Financier, The Trilogy of Desire and tagged Arthur Guiterman, シオドア・ドライサー, シオドア・ドライザー, シオドー・ドライサー, シオドー・ドライザー, セオドア・ドライサー, セオドア・ドライザー, теодор драйзер, Theodore Dreiser, Theodore Dreiser The Financier on September 30, 2017 by Roger W. Smith.
Roger W. Smith, review of “Theodore Dreiser’s “Dawn — The Formation of a Mind: An Autobiographical Representation,” by Nadja Firner
Theodore Dreiser’s “Dawn” — The Formation of a Mind: An Autobiographical Representation, by Nadja Firner. Saarbrücken, Germany: VDM Verlag Dr. Müller Aktiengesellschaft & Co. KG, 2008. 126 pp. Paper, $92.00.
In my opinion, which I think would be shared by many Dreiserians, the two autobiographical works of Theodore Dreiser, A Book About Myself (1922) and Dawn (1931), should be ranked very high among American autobiographies. In view of this, it is surprising that Dreiser’s two autobiographical books (which he envisioned as part of a four-volume autobiography that was never finished) are not better known.
I think that A Book About Myself (later published as Newspaper Days) is actually the better written of the two books. It seems to have a tighter focus and to exhibit less of Dreiser’s tiresome philosophizing than does the later work, Dawn. But Dawn can stand on its own as a compelling work and as an invaluable narrative of Dreiser’s youth.
Hence my excitement when I saw that this book by Nadja Firner had been published and jumped to the conclusion that it was a study of Dawn (which, as is explained below, it is not, quite) and thus, by implication, of Dreiser’s autobiographical oeuvre. That I did so was not incomprehensible given that the publicity material for the book, found on Amazon.com and on the back cover of the book, states that the book “studies Theodore Dreiser’s autobiography of youth.” This statement would seem to indicate that it is a study of Dawn. While Dawn does receive consideration, it is more exact to say that this is a book about the “dawning” of Dreiser’s consciousness and the development of his worldview over his lifetime. (A Book About Myself, incidentally, does not receive consideration.) But the subject of the book is still not clear to me after struggling to complete Firner’s study, and this indicates that there are serious flaws in the book’s conception and construction. The content – or perhaps I should say the context in which the content is embedded – of this study is often out of focus.
Firner considers the major works of Dreiser and references much Dreiser scholarship (notably by Elias, Lehan, Lingeman, Lundén, Mathiessen, Mukherjee, Swanberg, Warren, Wirth-Nesher, and Zanine), but while at times provocative and compelling points are made, a direct, seemingly inevitable consequence of such broad coverage is that it is superficial.
I once took a copyediting course in which the instructor made a point about why attention to detail on the part of editors and copyeditors is essential: Sloppiness in editing and production tends to decrease the reader’s overall confidence in a nonfiction book’s accuracy. Firner’s study appears to have been written by a non-native speaker of English; it may be a translation (and a very awkward one at that) from a manuscript in German. It is written in prose that very often does not conform to standard English usage even by relaxed standards; it is plagued with awkward wording, errors in tense and syntax and typographical errors; and it’s a very tough read. There are also annoying inconsistencies in the treatment, say, of items like young Dreiser’s name (Theo vs. Theodore). It is incredible that this book has been published as is.
The first chapter of this book illustrates what is wrong with the whole work, structurally and focus-wise. Instead of focusing on Dreiser, the chapter provides a broad (very broad, in fact overly general) overview of American society during the Gilded Age. It contains sections entitled “America’s new industrial workers,” “The new managerial class,” “The Labor Movement,” and so on in which statements such as the following are made:
In the 1890s, Coney Island was transformed into the site of some of the largest and most elaborate amusement parks in the country. Its popularity signaled the rise of mass entertainment, making the New York amusement park the unofficial capital of a new mass culture. (pg. 23)
The reader must infer what the relevance to Dreiser (if any) is. It is anyone’s guess.
In her concluding chapter, Firner makes the point that Dreiser’s writing life can be divided into distinct phases: “the yearner and dreamer in a despairingly rough reality” (seen in Dreiser’s portrayals of himself in Dawn and of Carrie Meeber in Sister Carrie); the social Darwinian; a stage in which Dreiser’s outlook became more mystical and “antithetical to the amoral objectivity of a conventionally conceived naturalist”; and a final stage where he managed to reconcile his more romantic or mystical views with a scientific and materialistic outlook. (I am not sure that I have correctly identified the phases here. Firner states that there were three phases, then seems to identify four.) These phases are treated at various points in the exposition, but if they are construed as controlling or organizing themes, then the book can be said to often wander into other territory.
The book is divided into chapters on young Dreiser’s America (already noted), his family and the immigrant experience (in which Dawn gets attention), the importance of the city in Dreiser’s development (in which both Dawn and Sister Carrie are the main focus), Dreiser’s use of symbols (in which several of the novels are scrutinized), major influences on Dreiser from Spencer to Balzac, themes in his work such as the ideal of beauty, and so on. Some of this is quite interesting, or at least potentially so, but it is all too much to cover — the book’s content does not cohere.
Many of Firner’s observations about Dreiser are derivative, which is not in itself a criticism. She clearly acknowledges indebtedness to sources and in fact uses them skillfully. She does make a lot of interesting points of her own, such as that Dreiser suffered from a “poverty complex” not unlike his father’s obsession with religion (38), that “there is hardly anyone to imagine who was more repressive, a sometimes more enthusiastic ‘believer’ and in some respects more fanatic than” Dreiser, whose beliefs about class conflict, for example, were founded, ironically, in opposition to his father’s rigidity and orthodoxy (43); that if Dreiser was in his youth impressed by Horatio Alger-like rags to riches stories, he was not in his later years blinded by them (60); that Dreiser “carried the American business novel into previously unexamined territory by suggesting that the synthesis of commercial success and conventional moral precepts were [sic] possible but by no means necessary” (60); that Dreiser gradually moved away “from the sense of social misery as individual fate to escape from by no matter what means in order to ‘rise’ in society, to the sense of social misery as a collective problem to be solved by political and fair means” (65); that illusion and reality in Dreiser’s view “existed in mutual dependence in that one was unthinkable without the other” (72); that “Dreiser was not merely a documentary social realist, but rather a profound observer of the underlying myths and emotional realities of the American experience” (117); that Dreiser’s philosophy was built more on intuition and faith than on logic and reason (117).
The problem with this study is the way such points are developed, haphazardly and sloppily, which is unfortunate, since the author evinces insightfulness and a clear enthusiasm for her subject. She needed an editor’s help. I would not recommend this book, leaving aide consideration of its exorbitant price.
This entry was posted in reviews of Dreiser works and tagged シオドア・ドライサー, シオドア・ドライザー, シオドー・ドライサー, シオドー・ドライザー, セオドア・ドライサー, セオドア・ドライザー, теодор драйзер, Roger Smith, Roger W. Smith, Theodore Dreiser on November 24, 2016 by Roger W. Smith.
Granville Hicks, “Theodore Dreiser”
granville-hicks-theodore-dreiser-the-american-mercury-6-1-1946
Posted above in downloadable PDF format is a review essay on Theodore Dreiser’s last novel, the posthumously published The Bulwark, by critic Granville Hicks (1901-1982):
Granville Hicks, “Theodore Dreiser,” The American Mercury, vol. 62 (June 1, 1946), pp. 751-756
Hicks’s review-essay goes deeper than the typical review.
This entry was posted in reviews of Dreiser works, The Bulwark and tagged シオドア・ドライサー, シオドア・ドライザー, シオドー・ドライサー, シオドー・ドライザー, セオドア・ドライサー, セオドア・ドライザー, Granville Hicks, теодор драйзер, Theodore Dreiser, Theodore Dreiser The Bulwark on November 15, 2016 by Roger W. Smith.
Edmund Wilson, “Theodore Dreiser’s Quaker and Graham Greene’s Priest”
edmund-wilson-theodore-dreisers-quaker-and-graham-greenes-preist
Posted above as a downloadable PDF file is a review by Edmund Wilson of Theodore Dreiser’s final novel, The Bulwark, and Graham Greene’s novel The Power and the Glory:
Edmund Wilson, “Theodore Dreiser’s Quaker and Graham Greene’s Priest,” The New Yorker, XXII, no. 6 (March 23, 1946), pp. 88, 91, 92, 94.
This entry was posted in reviews of Dreiser works, The Bulwark and tagged シオドア・ドライサー, シオドア・ドライザー, シオドー・ドライサー, シオドー・ドライザー, セオドア・ドライサー, セオドア・ドライザー, Edmund Wilson Theodore Dreiser's Quaker and Graham Greene's Priest, теодор драйзер, Theodore Dreiser The Bulwark on November 14, 2016 by Roger W. Smith.
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Home » Pitt Publications » "Pitt anatomy snooze" (x)
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The Scottish Classroom in the Cathedral of Learning, University of Pittsburgh
The Czechoslovak Room in the Cathedral of Learning, University of Pittsburgh: dedication ceremonies, March 7, 1939, Commons Room
The Swedish Classroom in the Cathedral of Learning, University of Pittsburgh
University of Pittsburgh presentation ceremonies for the Scottish, German, Swedish and Russian Rooms
The Yugoslav Classroom in the Cathedral of Learning, University of Pittsburgh
The Polish Room in the Cathedral of Learning, University of Pittsburgh: dedication ceremony, February 16, 1940, Commons Room
The Polish Classroom in the Cathedral of Learning, University of Pittsburgh
The China Memorial Room in the Cathedral of Learning, University of Pittsburgh: dedication ceremony, October 6, 1939, Commons Room
The Hungarian Room in the Cathedral of Learning, University of Pittsburgh: dedication ceremonies, September 29, 1939, Commons Room
The Russian Classroom in the Cathedral of Learning, University of Pittsburgh
The Yugoslav Room in the Cathedral of Learning, University of Pittsburgh: dedication ceremonies, March 31, 1939, Commons Room
The Nationality Rooms
Bruhns, E. Maxine.
Classrooms in the Cathedral of Learning
The Irish Room in the Cathedral of Learning, University of Pittsburgh: formal opening, Saturday afternoon, May 18, 1957, at four o'clock in the Commons Room
Presentation of the Fairy Tale Windows in the German Classroom of the Cathedral of Learning to the University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania: Sunday afternoon, February 7, 1954, Commons Room, Cathedral of Learning
The China Memorial Classroom in the Cathedral of Learning, University of Pittsburgh
English Room in the Cathedral of Learning, University of Pittsburgh: November 21, 1952, eight o'clock
Presentation of five historical Hungarian windows to the University of Pittsburgh: Sunday afternoon, October 28, 1956 at 3 p.m., Commons Room, Cathedral of Learning
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Legacy HomepageNewsContractsContract View
Release No: CR-244-18
Share Contracts
Contracts for Dec. 21, 2018
Lockheed Martin Corp., Grand Prairie, Texas, was awarded a $3,378,834,083 fixed-price-incentive foreign military sales (Kuwait and Saudi Arabia) contract to produce Phased Array Tracking Radar to Intercept on Target Advanced Capability-3 missiles with associated ground support equipment and initial spares. One bid was solicited with one bid received. Work will be performed in Huntsville, Alabama; Camden, Arkansas; Ocala, Florida; Chelmsford, Massachusetts; Grand Prairie, Texas; and Lukin, Texas, with an estimated completion date of Dec. 31, 2024. Fiscal 2019 other procurement Army funds in the amount of $1,808,140,141 were obligated at the time of the award. U.S. Army Contracting Command, Redstone Arsenal, Alabama, is the contracting activity (W31P4Q-19-C-0011).
Armed Forces Services Corp., Arlington, Virginia (W15QKN-19-D-0042); Booze Allen Hamilton Inc., McLean, Virginia (W15QKN-19-D-0043); Canvas Inc.,* Huntsville, Alabama (W15QKN-19-D-0044); CTRMG-GAPSI JV II LLC,* Fairfax, Virginia (W15QKN-19-D-0045); Dynamic Systems Technology Inc.,* Fairfax, Virginia (W15QKN-19-D-0046); GAP Solutions Inc., Herndon, Virginia (W15QKN-19-D-0047); Goldbelt Glacier Health Services LLC, Alexandria, Virginia (W15QKN-19-D-0048); HR Services Solutions LLC,* Manassas, Virginia (W15QKN-19-D-0049); Hyperion Biotechnology Inc.,* San Antonio, Texas (W15QKN-19-D-0050); 360 Patriot Enterprises LLC,* Alexandria, Virginia (W15QKN-19-D-0051); Quality Innovation Inc.,* Leesburg, Virginia (W15QKN-19-D-0052); Strategy Consulting Team LLC,* Fairfax, Virginia (W15QKN-19-D-0053); Serco Inc., Reston, Virginia (W15QKN-19-D-0054); Strategic Resources Inc., McLean, Virginia (W15QKN-19-D-0055); Three Wire Systems LLC, Falls Church, Virginia (W15QKN-19-D-0056); Zeiders Enterprises Inc., Woodbridge, Virginia (W15QKN-19-D-0057); and Science Applications International Corp., McLean, Virginia (W15QKN-19-D-0058), will compete for each order of the $2,457,541,083 hybrid (cost, cost-plus-fixed-fee, firm-fixed-price, firm-fixed-price-level-of-effort, and time-and-materials) contract to provide support for enterprise level human resource services for Department of Defense programs and systems. Bids were solicited via the internet with 32 received. Work locations and funding will be determined with each order, with an estimated completion date of Dec. 31, 2028. U.S. Army Contracting Command, New Jersey, is the contracting activity.
Leading Technology Composites Inc.,* Wichita, Kansas (W91CRB-19-D-0009); Engense Inc.,* Camarillo, California (W91CRB-19-D-0010); and Florida Armor LLC,* Miami Lakes, Florida (W91CRB-19-D-0011), will compete for each order of the $268,864,369 hybrid (cost-plus-fixed-fee and firm-fixed-price) contract for Enhanced Side Ballistic Insert hard armor plates. Bids were solicited via the internet with three received. Work locations and funding will be determined with each order, with an estimated completion date of Dec. 20, 2022. U.S. Army Contracting Command, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland, is the contracting activity.
AECOM Technical Services, Los Angeles, California (W912DR-19-D-0001); APTIM Federal Services LLC, Alexandria, Virginia (W912DR-19-D-0002); Bay West LLC,* St. Paul, Minnesota (W912DR-19-D-0003); Cape Environmental Management Inc.,* Norcross, Georgia (W912DR-19-D-0004); EA Engineering, Science, and Technology,* Hunt Valley, Maryland (W912DR-19-D-0005); HydroGeoLogic Inc., Reston, Virginia (W912DR-19-D-0006); Kemron Environmental Services Inc.,* Atlanta, Georgia (W912DR-19-D-0007); Leidos-CDM Solutions LLC, Denver, Colorado (W912DR-19-D-0008); Seres-Arcadis JV LLC,* Mount Pleasant, South Carolina (W912DR-19-D-0009); and Weston Solutions Inc., West Chester, Pennsylvania (W912DR-19-D-0010), will compete for each order of the $230,000,000 hybrid (cost-plus-fixed-fee and firm-fixed-price) contract for environmental services. Bids were solicited via the internet with 25 received. Work locations and funding will be determined with each order, with an estimated completion date of Dec. 20, 2023. U.S. Army Corps of Engineers in Baltimore, Maryland, is the contracting activity.
Vectrus Systems Corp., Colorado Springs, Colorado, was awarded a $127,447,882 modification (P00172) to contract W52P1J-10-C-0062 for Kuwait base operations and security support services. Work will be performed in Camp Arifjan, Kuwait, with an estimated completion date of March 28, 2019. Fiscal 2019 operations and maintenance Army funds in the amount of $127,447,882 were obligated at the time of the award. U.S. Army Contracting Command in Rock Island Arsenal, Illinois, is the contracting activity.
International Business Machines, Bethesda, Maryland, was awarded a $92,148,924 modification (P00044) to contract W52P1J-17-C-0008 for services and solutions necessary to support and maintain the Army's General Fund Enterprise Business System. Work will be performed in Bethesda, Maryland, with an estimated completion date of Jan. 15, 2020. Fiscal 2019 operations and maintenance Army funds in the amount of $15,159,296 were obligated at the time of the award. U.S. Army Contracting Command in Rock Island Arsenal, Illinois, is the contracting activity.
Lockheed Martin Missiles and Fire Control, Grand Prairie, Texas, was awarded a $92,000,000 cost-plus-fixed-fee contract to purchase Launcher Integration Network Kit boxes, and associated software development activities. One bid was solicited with one bid received. Work locations and funding will be determined with each order, with an estimated completion date of Dec. 31, 2023. U.S. Army Contracting Command in Redstone Arsenal, Alabama, is the contracting activity (W31P4Q-19-D-0016).
Parsons-Versar JV, Arlington, Virginia, was awarded a $75,000,000 firm-fixed-price contract for general architect/engineer construction phase support services. One bid was solicited with two bids received. Work locations and funding will be determined with each order, with an estimated completion date of Dec. 20, 2023. U.S. Army Corps of Engineers in Louisville, Kentucky is the contracting activity (W912QR-19-D-0008).
URS Federal Services Inc., Germantown, Maryland, was awarded a $60,350,545 modification (0002 38) to contract W52P1J-12-G-0028 for logistic support services for Army Preposition Stock-2. Work will be performed in Mannheim, Germany; and Dulmen, Germany, with an estimated completion date of Nov. 20, 2021. Fiscal 2019 operations and maintenance Army funds in the amount of $9,375,000 were obligated at the time of the award. U.S. Army Contacting Command in Rock Island Arsenal, Illinois, is the contracting activity.
AM General LLC, South Bend, Indiana, was awarded a $20,110,570 modification (P00001) to contract W56HZV-18-C-0177 for recapitalization of High Mobility Multipurpose Wheeled Vehicles for the Army National Guard. Work will be performed in South Bend, Indiana, with an estimated completion date of Sept. 30, 2019. Fiscal 2017 other procurement Army funds in the amount of $20,110,507 were obligated at the time of the award. U.S. Army Contracting Command, Warren, Michigan, is the contracting activity.
DCT Inc.,* McAlester, Oklahoma, was awarded a $17,707,507 firm-fixed-price contract for full food service operations to be performed at Fort McCoy, Wisconsin. Bids were solicited via the internet with four received. Work locations and funding will be determined with each order, with an estimated completion date of Dec. 31, 2023. U.S. Army Mission and Installation Contracting Command, Fort Sam Houston, Texas, is the contracting activity (W9124J-19-D-0005).
DynCorp International LLC, Fort Worth, Texas, was awarded a $12,431,031 modification (P00202) to contract W58RGZ-13-C-0040 for aviation field maintenance services. Work will be performed in Afghanistan, Egypt, Kosovo, and Germany, with an estimated completion date of June 30, 2019. Fiscal 2019 operations and maintenance Army; and aircraft procurement Army funds in the amount of $12,431,031 were obligated at the time of the award. U.S. Army Contracting Command, Redstone Arsenal, Alabama, is the contracting activity.
FLIR Systems Inc., Wilsonville, Oregon, was awarded a $10,442,932 modification (P00016) to contract W9113M-15-D-0001 for guaranteed repair and refurbishment of forward looking infrared radar. Work locations and funding will be determined with each order, with an estimated completion date of Feb. 28, 2019. U.S. Army Contracting Command, Redstone Arsenal, Alabama, is the contracting activity.
DynCorp International LLC, Fort Worth, Texas, was awarded a $9,367,994 modification (P00280) to contract W58RGZ-13-C-0042 for aviation field maintenance services. Work will be performed in Fort Hood, Texas, with an estimated completion date of July 31, 2019. Fiscal 2017, 2018 and 2019 operations and maintenance Army; and aircraft procurement Army funds in the combined amount of $9,367,994 were obligated at the time of the award. U.S. Army Contracting
Command, Redstone Arsenal, Alabama, is the contracting activity.
Zodiac-Poettker JVII LLC,* St. Louis, Missouri, was awarded a $8,690,000 firm-fixed-price contract to construct a company headquarters fire station at Fort Leonard Wood, Missouri. Bids were solicited via the internet with eight received. Work will be performed in Fort Leonard Wood, Missouri, with an estimated completion date of Jan. 24, 2020. Fiscal 2019 military construction funds in the amount of $8,690,000 were obligated at the time of the award. U.S. Army Corps of Engineers in Kansas City, Missouri, is the contracting activity (W912DQ-19-C-4000).
CORRECTION: The contract announced on Dec. 20, 2018, to Raytheon Co., Andover, Massachusetts, for the Phased Array Tracking Radar to Intercept on Target missile system, had the incorrect award amount and obligated amount. The contract was awarded a $692,997,550 and $515,192,122 were obligated at the time of the award. All other information in the announcement is correct.
Northrop Grumman Systems Corp., Rolling Meadows, Illinois, has been awarded a $1,310,000,000 indefinite-delivery/indefinite-quantity, firm‐fixed-price, cost-reimbursable contract for sustainment, modernization, production, and development of the LITENING advanced targeting pod. Work will be performed in Rolling Meadows, Illinois, and is expected to be completed Dec. 31, 2023. This contract is the result of a sole-source acquisition. Air Force Life Cycle Management Center, Robins Air Force Base, Georgia is the contracting activity (FA8540‐19‐D‐0001).
Lockheed Martin Services LLC, Colorado Springs, Colorado, has been awarded a $462,000,000 indefinite-delivery/indefinite-quantity contract for Global Positioning Systems Control-Segment Sustainment II. The contract provides depot-level software maintenance; organizational-level hardware and software maintenance; support to and integration of GPS Acquisition Category III programs onto the operational control system platform; systems engineering; Technical Order Management Agency support; maintenance and sustainment of the consolidated test environment; and non-recurring engineering and studies, as required. Work will be performed in Colorado Springs, Colorado, is expected to be completed by Dec. 31, 2025. This award is the result of a sole-source acquisition and one offer was received. Fiscal 2019 operations and maintenance funds in the amount of $41,524,038 are being obligated at the time of award. Space and Missile Systems Center, Peterson Air Force Base, Colorado, is the contracting activity (FA8823‐19‐D‐0001).
General Atomics Aeronautical Systems Inc., Poway, California, has been awarded a $291,391,727 cost-plus-fixed-fee and firm-fixed-price contract for MQ-9 Reaper unmanned aerial systems support and services. This contract provides for program management, logistics support, configuration management, technical manual and software maintenance, contractor field service representative support, inventory control point management, flight operations support, depot repair, and depot field maintenance. Work will be performed in Poway, California, and is expected to be completed by Dec. 31, 2019. This award is the result of a sole-source acquisition. Fiscal 2019 operations and maintenance funds in the amount of $51,481,522 are being obligated at the time of award. Air Force Life Cycle Management Center, Robins Air Force Base, Georgia, is the contracting activity (FA8528-19-C-0001).
Raytheon Corp., McKinney, Texas, has been awarded a $59,211,905 cost-plus fixed-fee and firm-fixed- price contract for Reaper MQ-9 sensors contractor logistics support. This contract provides for program management, contractor-filed service-representative support, depot repair, depot maintenance, sustaining engineering support, supply and logistics support, configuration management, tech data maintenance, software maintenance, inventory control point, and warehouse support for the MQ-9 sensors. Work will be performed in McKinney, Texas; and Jacksonville, Florida, and is expected to be completed by Dec. 31, 2019. This award is the result of a sole-source acquisition. Fiscal 2019 operations and maintenance funds are being obligated in the amount of $37,779,873 at the time of award. Air Force Life Cycle Management Center, Robins Air Force Base, Georgia, is the contracting activity (FA8528-19-C-0002).
Alutiiq Commercial Enterprises LLC, Anchorage, Alaska, has been awarded a $53,895,599 firm-fixed-price, indefinite-delivery/indefinite-quantity contract, for Fort Eustis, Virginia, base operations support services. This contract provides for base and facilities maintenance in support of the 733rd Civil Engineering Division. Work will be performed in Fort Eustis, Virginia, and is expected to be completed by Dec. 31, 2023. This award is the result of a competitive acquisition and six offers were received. Fiscal 2019 operations and maintenance funds in the amount of $2,926,134 are being obligated at the time of award. The 633rd Contracting Squadron, Joint Base Langley Eustis, Virginia, is the contracting activity (FA4800-19-D-0001).
Universal Technology Corp., Dayton, Ohio; University of Dayton Research Institute, Dayton, Ohio; and Booz Allen Hamilton Inc., McLean, Virginia, have each been awarded a not-to-exceed $44,000,000 indefinite-delivery/indefinite-quantity (IDIQ) contract for the Structures Engineering Research program. This contract provides for basic, applied, advanced, and demonstration/validation research to develop, demonstrate, integrate, and transition new aerospace vehicle structures technologies to the warfighter. These structures' technologies will provide cost-effective, survivable aerospace vehicle platforms capable of accurate delivery of weapons and cargo worldwide. Work will be performed in Dayton, Ohio; and McLean, Virginia, and is expected to be completed by December 2025. This award is the result of a competitive acquisition via a Broad Agency Announcement and three offers were received. No specific funds are obligated on the basic IDIQ, although in conjunction with the basic IDIQ award, the first task order is incrementally funded with fiscal 2019 research and development funds in the amount of $50,000 at time of each award. Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Dayton, Ohio, is the contracting activity. (IDIQ contracts: FA8650-19-D-2241, FA8650-19-D-2242, and FA8650-19-D-2243; initial task orders: FA8650-19-F-2245, FA8650-19-F-2246, and FA8650-19-F-2248)
Kratos Technology & Training Solutions Inc., San Diego, California, has been awarded a $20,700,432 modification, (P00113) to contract FA8808-13-C-0008 for Control System Consolidated (CCS-C) Production and Sustainment Contract. These services are required to sustain and provide post-production development for the current CCS-C system for telemetry, tracking and commanding of current and future military satellite communications satellites. Work will be performed in Colorado Springs, Colorado; and Vandenberg Air Force Base, California, and is expected to be completed Dec. 19, 2018. Fiscal 2019 operations and maintenance funds in the amount of $20,700,432 will be obligated at the time of award. Space and Missile Systems Center, Peterson Air Force Base, Colorado, is the contracting activity.
Range Generation Next LLC, Sterling, Virginia, has been awarded a $16,782,397 cost-plus-fixed-fee modification (P00220) to previously awarded contract FA8806-15-C-0001 for relocating communications systems to the newly constructed Eastern Range communications facility. Work will be performed primarily at the Eastern Range at Patrick Air Force Base, Florida, and is expected to be completed by Sept. 30, 2021. Fiscal 2019 procurement funds in the amount of $16,782,397 are being obligated at the time of award. Space and Missile Systems Center, Peterson Air Force Base, Colorado, is the contracting activity.
The Boeing Co., Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, has been awarded an estimated amount of $14,446,683, Option Three modification (P00013) to contract FA8105-16-D-0002 for KC-135 engineering services for sustainment. The contract modification provides for recurring engineering services for sustainment of the KC-135 aircraft. Work will be performed in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma; San Antonio, Texas; Huntsville, Alabama; and Fort Walton Beach, Florida, and is expected to be completed by Dec. 31, 2019. Fiscal 2019 operations and maintenance funds are being obligated at the time of award. Total cumulative face value of the contract is estimated $70,901,530. Air Force Life Cycle Management Center, Tinker Air Force Base, Oklahoma, is the contracting activity. Contract was awarded Dec. 20, 2018.
General Atomics - Aeronautical Systems Inc., Poway, California, has been awarded a $13,074,090 firm-fixed-price and cost-plus-fixed-fee contract for Block 30 Ground Control Station (GCS), Linux retrofit kits. This contract provides for the production of Linux retrofit kits to retrofit currently fielded Block 30 GCSs. Work will be performed in Poway, California, and is expected to be completed by Sept. 30, 2020. This award is the result of a sole-source acquisition. Fiscal 2017 and 2018 aircraft procurement funds in the amount of $13,074,090 are being obligated at the time of award. Air Force Life Cycle Management Center, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio, is the contracting activity (FA8620-19-F-2305).
BAE Systems Technology Solutions & Services Inc., Rockville, Maryland, has been awarded a $12,392,102 firm-fixed-price, indefinite-delivery/indefinite-quantity contract modification (P00002) to contract FA8109-18-D-0005 to exercise Option One. The contract modification extends the contract term for an additional 12 months in order to continue providing diminishing manufacturing sources and material shortages (DMSMS) support for Air Force and non-Air Force users supporting the Air Force, to proactively reduce mission capability impacts to improve logistics support and weapon system sustainability. This effort will help assure all required parts and materials supporting Air Force-managed weapon systems are available within acceptable production lead times and will reduce the overall cost of ownership of the weapon systems by facilitating economical DMSMS resolutions costs, reducing the number of reactive solutions, minimizing any delays in organic depot-level repair, as well as contractor repair, and by improving weapon system availability. Work will be performed at Hill Air Force Base, Utah; Robins Air Force Base, Georgia; and Tinker Air Force Base, Oklahoma, with some work performed at Fort Walton Beach, Florida. The work is expected to be completed by June 20, 2021. Fiscal 2019 and 2020 consolidated sustainment activity group engineering funds will be obligated on any individual task orders issued during the option one performance period. Total cumulative face value of the contract is $24,778,204. Air Force Sustainment Center, Tinker Air Force Base, Oklahoma, is the contracting activity.
Raytheon Missile Systems, Tucson, Arizona, has been awarded a $9,573,118 firm-fixed-price modification (P00008) to contract FA8675-18-C-0003 for the Advanced Medium Range Air-to-Air Missile program. This modification provides for a life of type procurement of known obsolete components in support of production and sustainment through the program of record and procurement of three guidance section refill stations in support of sustainment efforts. Work will be performed in Tucson, Arizona, and is expected to be completed by Dec. 31, 2019. This contract involves Foreign Military Sales (FMS) to Australia, Indonesia, Japan, Korea, Morocco, Poland, Qatar, Romania, Spain, and U.K. Air Force and Navy fiscal 2017 procurement funds in the amount of $6,367,933 and FMS funds in the amount of $3,205,185 are being obligated at the time of award. Air Force Life Cycle Management Center, Eglin Air Force Base, Florida, is the contracting activity.
Bath Iron Works, Bath, Maine, is being awarded a $910,723,811 fixed-price incentive firm target modification to previously awarded contract (N00024-18-C-2305) to exercise the fiscal 2019 option for construction of a DDG 51 class ship (DDG 132). This modification also includes options for engineering change proposals, design budgeting requirements, and post-delivery availabilities on the fiscal 2019 option ship which, if exercised, would bring the cumulative value of the fiscal 2019 option ship to $921,990,345. Work will be performed in Bath, Maine (65 percent); Cincinnati, Ohio (5 percent); Atlanta, Georgia (3 percent); York, Pennsylvania (2 percent); Coatesville, Pennsylvania (2 percent); Falls Church, Virginia (2 percent); South Portland, Maine (1 percent); Walpole, Massachusetts (1 percent); Erie, Pennsylvania (1 percent); Charlottesville, Virginia (1 percent); and other locations below 1 percent (collectively totaling 17 percent), and is expected to be completed by May 2026. Fiscal 2019 shipbuilding and conversion (Navy) funding in the amount of $900,723,811 will be obligated at time of award and will not expire at the end of the current fiscal year. The Naval Sea Systems Command, Washington, District of Columbia, is the contracting activity.
Lockheed Martin Corp., Rotary and Mission Systems, Liverpool, New York, is being awarded a $184,114,000 firm-fixed-price modification to previously awarded contract (N00024-16-C-5363) to exercise options for full rate production of Surface Electronic Warfare Improvement Program (SEWIP) Block 2 subsystems (AN/SLQ-32(V)6). SEWIP is an evolutionary acquisition and incremental development program to upgrade the existing AN/SLQ-32(V) electronic warfare system. SEWIP Block 2 will expand upon the receiver/antenna group necessary to keep capabilities current with the pace of the threat and to yield improved system integration. Work will be performed in Liverpool, New York (23 percent); Lansdale, Pennsylvania (23 percent); Andover, Massachusetts (21 percent); Frankfort, New York (9 percent); Hamilton, New Jersey (7 percent); Hauppauge, New York (7 percent); Brockton, Massachusetts (3 percent); West Yorkshire, U.K. (2 percent); Minneapolis, Minnesota (2 percent); Huntsville, Alabama (2 percent); Lancaster, Pennsylvania (1 percent), and is expected to be completed by June 2021. Fiscal 2019 shipbuilding and conversion (Navy); and fiscal 2019 other procurement (Navy) funding in the amount of $184,114,000 will be obligated at time of award and will not expire at the end of the current fiscal year. The Naval Sea Systems Command, Washington, District of Columbia, is the contracting activity.
The Boeing Co., St. Louis, Missouri, is being awarded a $76,581,676 not-to-exceed firm-fixed-price contract for the design, fabrication, installation, test and delivery of two F/A-18E Tactical Operational Flight trainers and two F/A-18E low cost trainers for the government of Kuwait under the Foreign Military Sales (FMS) program. Work will be performed in St. Louis, Missouri (50 percent); New Orleans, Louisiana (30 percent); and Kuwait City, Kuwait (20 percent), and is expected to be completed in February 2022. FMS funds in the amount of $20,490,233 will be obligated at time of award, none of which will expire at the end of the current fiscal year. This contract was not competitively procured pursuant to Federal Acquisition Regulation 6.302-1. The Naval Air Warfare Center Training Systems Division, Orlando, Florida, is the contracting activity (N6134019C0005).
Raytheon Co., Tewksbury, Massachusetts, is being awarded a $72,117,547 modification to previously-awarded contract N00024-17-C-5145 to exercise options for DDG 1000 ship class integrated logistics support and engineering services. The DDG 1000 ship class is a multi-mission surface combatant designed to fulfill volume firepower and precision strike requirements. DDG 1000 combat systems provide offensive, distributed and precision firepower and long ranges in support of forces ashore, while incorporating signature reduction, active and passive self-defense system and enhanced survivability features. Work will be performed in Portsmouth, Rhode Island (40 percent); San Diego, California (28 percent); Tewksbury, Massachusetts (24 percent); Marlboro, Massachusetts (2 percent); Ft. Wayne, Indiana (2 percent); Bath, Maine (2 percent); St. Petersburg, Florida (1 percent); and Nashua, New Hampshire (1 percent), and is expected to be completed by September 2019. Fiscal 2019 shipbuilding and conversion (Navy); fiscal 2019 operations and maintenance (Navy); and fiscal 2019 research, development, test and evaluation (Navy) funding in the amount of $81,555,802 will be obligated at time of award, and $8,816,581 will expire at the end of the current fiscal year. The Naval Sea Systems Command, Washington, District of Columbia, is the contracting activity.
Pacific Architects and Engineers Applied Technologies, Fort Worth, Texas, is being awarded a $47,889,307 cost-plus-fixed-fee, firm-fixed-price, cost reimbursable contract for the development, test, and installation of the SureTrak surveillance system in support of the Naval Air Warfare Center Aircraft Division’s SureTrak program office (AIR-5.2). The SureTrak system is a state-of-the-art, fully integrated, multi-sensor, data acquisition and display system used to perform airspace surveillance, waterway clearance, shoreline surveillance, and environmental monitoring functions at several Navy, Air Force and National Aeronautics and Space Administration facilities around the nation, as well as foreign governments. Work will be performed in various locations inside the continental U.S. (CONUS), including Patuxent River, Maryland; Wallops, Virginia; Dahlgren, Virginia; Vandenberg Air Force Base , California; Patrick Air Force Base, California; and Point Mugu, California. Work will also be performed outside CONUS at various locations, including Nigeria, Africa; SaoTome-Prinipe, Africa; Djibouti, Africa; Kenya, Africa; Tunisia, Africa; Congo, Africa; Togo, Africa; and Benin, Africa. Work is expected to be completed in December 2023. No funds are being awarded at time of award, funds will be obligated on individual orders as they are issued. This contract was competitively procured via a request for proposals; one offer was received. The Naval Air Warfare Center Aircraft Division, Patuxent River, Maryland, is the contracting activity (N00421-19-D-0023).
BAE Systems, Information and Electronic Systems Integration Inc., Greenlawn, New York, is awarded $38,141,300 for firm-fixed-price delivery order N0001919F0030 against a previously awarded indefinite-delivery/indefinite quantity contract (N00019-17-D-0003). This delivery order provides for the procurement of 14 AN/APX-117A(V) Identification Friend or Foe (IFF) transponders for the government of Bahrain; 969 AN/APX-123A(V) IFF transponders to include 777 for the Navy, 101 for the Army, two for the Coast Guard, 13 for the government of the U.K., nine for the government of Japan, 12 for the government of Norway, 35 for the government of Saudi Arabia, four for the government of Australia and 16 for the government of the United Arab Emirates; 100 mode 4/5 remote control units for the Navy; 62 IFF mounting trays to include 30 for the Navy, 8 for government of the U.K., 12 for the government of Norway, and 12 for the government of Bahrain; seven mode 4/5 Shop Replaceable Assemblies (SRA) with crypto for the Army, 136 signal processors for the Army; 210 Mode 5 change kits to include 100 for the Navy and 110 for the Army; 100 integrations of Mode 5 change kits for the Navy, 40 receiver/transmitters for the Army, 44 SRA power supplies for the. Army; 211 conversion kits to include 201 for the Army and 10 for the government of Australia; one AN/APX-118A(V) IFF transponder repair for the government of South Korea and four AN/APX-123A(V) IFF transponder repairs for the Navy. Work will be performed in Greenlawn, New York (78 percent); and Austin, Texas (22 percent), and is expected to be completed in March 2021. Fiscal 2018 Special Defense Acquisition Fund; working capital (Defense); fiscal 2019 aircraft procurement (Army); fiscal 2017, 2018 and 2019 aircraft procurement (Navy); fiscal 2019 operations and maintenance (Navy); fiscal 2019 other procurement (Navy); fiscal 2019 research, development, test and evaluation (Navy); fiscal 2018 and 2019 shipbuilding and conversion (Navy); and foreign military sales funds in the amount of $38,141,300 will be obligated at time of award, $118,601 of which will expire at the end of the current fiscal year. This order combines purchases for the Department of Defense ($26,170,660; 69 percent); Army ($4,799,989; 13 percent); Navy ($3,940,577; 10 percent); the government of Saudi Arabia ($1,166,65; 3 percent); the government of the United Arab Emirates ($533,104; 1 percent); the government of the U.K. ($439,443; 1 percent); the government of Norway ($409,272; 1 percent); the government of Japan ($299,871; 1 percent); the government of Australia ($203,056; 1 percent); the government of Bahrain ($174,966; 0.46 percent), and the government of South Korea ($4,197; 0.01 percent). The Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, Maryland, is the contracting activity.
Raytheon Co., Tuscon, Arizona, is being awarded a $37,902,562 cost-plus-fixed-fee modification to previously-awarded contract N00024-16-C-5433 to exercise options in support of Evolved Sea Sparrow Missile (ESSM) design agent, in-service support and technical engineering support services. This contract is to procure ESSM technical engineering support services, design agent and in-service support for calendar years 2016-2020. These requirements support ESSM missile production. The ESSM program is an international cooperative effort to design, develop, test and procure ESSM missiles. The ESSM provides enhanced ship defense. Work will be performed in Tucson, Arizona, (91 percent); Hengelo OV, Netherlands (2 percent); Raufoss, Norway (2 percent); Ottobrunn, Germany (1 percent); Richmond, Australia (1 percent); and various places below one percent (3 percent), and is expected to be completed by December 2019. Fiscal 2019 other country; fiscal 2018 weapons procurement (Navy); fiscal 2019 research, development, test and evaluation (Navy); Foreign Military Sales; and fiscal 2019 operations and maintenance funding in the amount of $16,663,004 will be obligated at time of award, and funds in the amount of $208,225 will expire at the end of the current fiscal year. This is a sole-source contract pursuant to an international agreement between the U.S. and nine other countries. The Naval Sea Systems Command, Washington, District of Columbia, is the contracting activity.
General Dynamics Electric Boat Corp., Groton, Connecticut, is being awarded a $37,347,581 cost-plus-fixed-fee modification to previously-awarded contract N00024-12-C-2115 to exercise options to procure on-board repair parts for Virginia-class submarines PCU Massachusetts (SSN 798) and PCU Idaho (SSN 799). This option exercise is for Block IV Virginia-class submarines, PCU Massachusetts (SSN 798), and PCU Idaho (SSN 799) mechanical and electronic repair parts that will be stored on the ship while at sea. Work will be performed in Groton, Connecticut, and is expected to be completed by February 2022 for PCU Massachusetts, and August 2022 for PCU Idaho. Fiscal 2017 shipbuilding and conversion (Navy) funding in the amount of $9,498,000 will be obligated at time of award and will not expire at the end of the current fiscal year. The Naval Sea Systems Command, Washington, District of Columbia, is the contracting activity.
Lockheed Martin Corp., Marietta, Georgia, is being awarded a $31,674,573 indefinite-delivery/ indefinite-quantity contract for sustainment engineering and logistics services in support of the C/KC-130J for the Marine Corps, Marine Corps Reserves, Coast Guard and the government of Kuwait. Work will be performed in Marietta, Georgia (66.5 percent); Palmdale, California (18 percent); Abdullah Al-Mubarak Air Base, Kuwait (2.5 percent); Iwakuni, Japan (2.5 percent); Miramar, California (2.5 percent); Cherry Point, North Carolina (2.5 percent); Elizabeth City, North Carolina (2.5 percent); Fort Worth, Texas (2.5 percent), and Greenville, South Carolina (0.5 percent). Work is expected to be completed in December 2023. No funds are being awarded at time of award; funds will be obligated on individual orders as they are issued. This contract was not competitively procured pursuant to 10 U.S. Code 2304(c)(1). The Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, Maryland, is the contracting activity (N0001919D0014).
Detyens Shipyards Inc., North Charleston, South Carolina, is being awarded a $30,106,818 firm-fixed-price contract for a 120-calendar day shipyard availability for the post shakedown of USNS Hershel ‘Woody’ Williams (T-ESB 4). This contract consists of the funds listed in the following areas Category “A” work item cost, additional government requirement, other direct costs, and the general and administrative costs. Work will include furnishing general services for the ship, hull perimeter lighting, high voltage/medium voltage switchboard inspect and clean, expansion of handheld ultra-high frequency radio repeater system, segregate grey and black water transfer line, aft house habitability modifications, temporary sensitive compartment information facility installation - industrial support, additional temporary expandable units, A6 level installation of commercial broadband satellite program and OE-570 antennas, high frequency, ultra-high frequency and very high radio infrastructure, motor gasoline stowage capability, aviation support spaces heating, ventilation and air conditioning upgrade Phase I. This contract also contains options which, if exercised, would bring the cumulative contract value to $38,485,181. Work will be performed in North Charleston, South Carolina, and is expected to be completed by July 2019. Fiscal 2019 operations and maintenance (Navy) funds in the amount of $30,106,818 are obligated at time of award, none of which will expire at the end of the current fiscal year. Funds will be obligated at time of award. Work will be completed by July 9, 2019. This contract was competitively procured via the Federal Business Opportunities website with two proposals received. The Military Sealift Command, Norfolk, Virginia, is the contracting activity (N3220519C4150).
Northrop Grumman Systems Corp., Linthicum Heights, Maryland, is being awarded a $27,594,541 fixed-price incentive firm-target modification to previously awarded contract (N00024-15-C-5319) to exercise options for the production of two AN/SLQ-32(V)Y Surface Electronic Warfare Improvement Program (SEWIP) Block 3 system low rate initial production units. SEWIP is an evolutionary acquisition and incremental development program to upgrade the existing AN/SLQ-32(V) electronic warfare system. SEWIP Block 3 will provide select Navy surface ships a scalable electronic warfare enterprise suite with improved electronic attack capabilities. Work will be performed in Linthicum, Maryland (98 percent); and Los Angeles, California (2 percent), and is expected to be completed by June 2021. Fiscal 2017 and 2018 other procurement (Navy) funding in the amount of $27,594,541 will be obligated at time of award and will not expire at the end of the current fiscal year. The Naval Sea Systems Command, Washington, District of Columbia, is the contracting activity.
Austal USA LLC, Mobile, Alabama, is being awarded a $21,070,175 cost-plus-fixed-fee order (N6931619F4000) against previously awarded basic ordering agreement (N00024-15-G-2304) to accomplish the post shakedown availability (PSA) execution for the littoral combat ship, USS Manchester (LCS-14). This effort encompasses all of the manpower, support services, material, non-standard equipment, and associated technical data and documentation required to prepare for and accomplish the USS Manchester (LCS-14) PSA. The work to be performed will include correction of government responsible trial card deficiencies, new work identified between custody transfer and the time of PSA, and incorporation of approved engineering changes that were not incorporated during the construction period which are not otherwise the building yard's responsibility under the ship construction contract. Work will be performed in Seattle, Washington, and is expected to be completed by July 2019. Fiscal 2013 and 2019 shipbuilding and conversion (Navy); and fiscal 2018 other procurement (Navy) funding in the amount of $21,070,175 will be obligated at time of award and will not expire at the end of the current fiscal year. The Supervisor of Shipbuilding, Conversion, and Repair Gulf Coast, Pascagoula, Mississippi, is the contracting activity.
Fincantieri Marine Systems North America Inc., Chesapeake, Virginia, is being awarded a $17,220,420 for modification N55236-17-D-0009 to exercise option year two of previously awarded firm-fixed price, indefinite-delivery/indefinite-quantity to provide maintenance support for the mine countermeasure-1 class main propulsion diesel engines and ship service diesel generators. Work will be performed in the homeports of San Diego, California; Sasebo, Japan; Manama, Bahrain; and ports-of-call as required, and are scheduled to be completed by January 2020. No funding is being obligated at time of award. In accordance with 10 U.S. Code 2304(c)(1) this contract was not competitively procured. The independent contractor, under the direction of the regional maintenance center and not an agent of the government, shall provide diesel engine technical, engineering, and field service support for Mine Countermeasure-1 class ships homeported in San Diego, California, and forward deployed in Japan and Bahrain. Obligated funding will cover preventive maintenance services and travel in the base year and subsequent option years in accordance with work item specifications and work item plans, drawings, other references, the delivery schedule, and all other terms and conditions set forth in the contract. The Southwest Regional Maintenance Center, San Diego, California, is the contracting activity.
Daylight Defense LLC, San Diego, California, is being awarded a $16,306,540 modification (P00012) to a previously awarded firm-fixed-price contract (N00019-16-C-0036). This modification provides for the procurement of Distributed Aperture Infrared Countermeasure Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation and Fiber Optic Cable Assemblies. This modification exercises an option for the production and delivery of 24 lasers and 26 fiber optic cable assemblies in support of the Air Force and the Navy. Work will be performed in San Diego, California, and is expected to be completed in July 2020. Fiscal 2018 and 2019 aircraft procurement (Navy and Air Force) funds in the amount of $16,306,540 will be obligated at time of award, none of which will expire at the end of the current fiscal year. This modification combines purchases for the Air Force ($10,799,888; 66 percent) and the Navy ($5,506,652; 34 percent). The Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, Maryland, is the contracting activity.
Cianbro Corp., Pittsfield, Maine, is being awarded an $11,169,941 firm-fixed-price modification for construction of the dry dock one refueling facility at Portsmouth Naval Shipyard, Kittery, Maine. The work to be performed provides for all changes not previously accounted for in changing the facility from a defueling facility to a refueling facility, including, but not limited to, trailer relocation, commissioning, testing and demonstrations, scaffolding, concrete installation, metal installation, insulation installation, metal wall panels, roof hatches, compression seals, doors and hardware, ceiling system, flooring, coatings, electrical, heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning, fire protection, controls, and testing and balancing. After award of this modification, the total cumulative contract value will be $50,526,989. Work will be performed in Kittery, Maine, and is expected to be completed by May 2021. Fiscal 2018 operations and maintenance (Navy) contract funds in the amount of $11,169,941 are obligated on this award and will not expire at the end of the current fiscal year. The Naval Facilities Engineering Command, Mid-Atlantic, Norfolk, Virginia, is the contracting activity (N40085-17-C-5002).
DMR Consulting Inc,* Panama City Beach, Florida, is being awarded a $9,426,737 firm-fixed–price, indefinite-delivery/indefinite-quantity contract for depot level repair, overhaul, and modification for the MK-105 magnetic minesweeping gear. This contract supports the depot level repair and maintenance of the MK105 magnetic minesweeping gear. The MK105 Magnetic Influence Minesweeping system, better known as the “sled”, is a high speed catamaran hydrofoil platform which is towed behind the MH-53E helicopter and is used to sweep magnetic influence mines. This contract includes options which, if exercised, would bring the cumulative value to $48,318,732. Work will be performed in Panama City, Florida, and is expected to be completed by December 2019. This contract was competitively procured via the Federal Business Opportunities website, with three offers received. The Naval Surface Warfare Center Panama City Division is the contracting activity. (N61331-19-D-0002)
MISSILE DEFENSE AGENCY
The Boeing Co., Huntsville, Alabama, is being awarded a five-year, sole-source, cost-plus-award-fee contract (HQ0147-19-C-0001). The total value of this contract is $240,204,960. Under this follow-on contract, the contractor will provide the Missile Defense Agency support by performing highly complex technical systems engineering and integration requirements related to the Ballistic Missile Defense system. The work will be performed in Huntsville, Alabama. The period of performance is from Dec. 15, 2018, through Dec. 14, 2023. One offer was solicited and one offer was received. Fiscal 2019 research, development, test and evaluation funds will be used to incrementally fund this award in the amount of $54,900,000. The Missile Defense Agency, Redstone Arsenal, Alabama, is the contracting activity (HQ0147-19-C-0001).
DEFENSE LOGISTICS AGENCY
SupplyCore Inc.,* Rockford, Illinois, has been awarded a maximum $80,000,000 firm-fixed-price, bridge contract for facilities maintenance, repair and operations items. This was a sole-source acquisition using justification 10 U.S. Code 2304 (c)(1), as stated in Federal Acquisition Regulation 6.302-1. This is a one-year contract with no option periods. Location of performance is the north central region of the U.S. with a Dec. 18, 2019, performance completion date. Using military services are Army, Navy, Air Force and Marine Corps. Type of appropriation is fiscal 2019 through 2020 defense working capital funds. The contracting activity is the Defense Logistics Agency Troop Support, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (SPE8E3-19-D0003).
Michelin North America Inc., Greenville, South Carolina, is awarded an estimated $11,838,003 fixed-price, indefinite-delivery, requirements contract for various types of tires supporting the Global Tire program. This was a competitive acquisition with five responses received. A total of three contracts are awarded as a result of the subject solicitation. This is a three-year contract with no option periods. Location of performance is South Carolina, with a Dec. 20, 2021, performance completion date. Using customer is Defense Logistics Agency. Type of appropriation is fiscal 2019 through 2021 defense working capital funds. The contracting activity is the Defense Logistics Agency Land and Maritime, Columbus, Ohio (SPE7LX-19-D-0034).
Goodyear Tire and Rubber Co., Akron, Ohio, is awarded an estimated $10,786,368 fixed-price, indefinite-delivery, requirements contract for various types of tires supporting the Global Tire program. This was a competitive acquisition with five responses received. A total of three contracts are awarded as a result of the subject solicitation. This is a three-year contract with no option periods. Location of performance is Ohio, with a Dec. 20, 2021, performance completion date. Using customer is Defense Logistics Agency. Type of appropriation is fiscal 2019 through 2021 defense working capital funds. The contracting activity is the Defense Logistics Agency Land and Maritime, Columbus, Ohio (SPE7LX-19-D-0033).
Consumer Fuels Inc.,* Huntsville, Alabama, has been awarded a $7,433,117 firm-fixed-price contract for the 105mm Light Towed Howitzer's MVSS sensor head kit. This is a five-year contract with no option periods. This was a competitive small business set-aside acquisition with five offers received. Location of performance is Alabama, with a May 29, 2020, performance completion date. Using military service is Army. Type of appropriation is fiscal 2019 defense working capital funds. The contracting activity is the Defense Logistics Agency Land and Maritime, Warren, Michigan (SPRDL1-19-D-0022).
Mast Technologies Inc.,* San Diego, California, has been awarded a $7,718,000 firm-fixed-price contract for rubber tiles that support the Navy’s Passive Counter Measure Material systems. This is a sole-source acquisition using justification 10 U.S. Code 2304(c)(1), as stated in Federal Acquisition Regulation 6.302-1. This is a two-year contract with no option periods. Location of performance is California, with a Jan. 4, 2021, performance completion date. Using military service is Navy. Type of appropriation is fiscal 2019 Navy working capital funds. The contracting activity is Defense Logistics Agency, Land and Maritime, Mechanicsburg, Pennsylvania (SPRMM1-19-C-HA10).
UPDATE: Clark Equipment Company, Statesville, North Carolina, (SPE8EC-19-D-0036) has been added as an awardee to the multiple award contract for commercial portable power equipment, issued against solicitation SPE8EC-17-R-0010, announced May 31, 2017.
DEFENSE FINANCE AND ACCOUNTING SERVICE
Ernst and Young, Washington, District of Columbia, has been awarded a labor-hour contract option with a maximum value of $36,467,951 to provide financial statement audit services for the Navy. Work will be performed in Alexandria, Virginia, with an expected completion date of Dec. 31, 2019. The contract option has a 12-month option period with two individual one-year option periods remaining. Fiscal 2019 operations and maintenance Navy funds are being obligated at the time of the award. The cumulative value of the contract, including the option is $73,632,391. The Defense Finance and Accounting Service, Contract Services Directorate, Columbus, Ohio, is the contracting activity (HQ0423-17-F-0101).
KPMG LLP, McLean, Virginia, has been awarded a fixed-price contract option with a maximum value of $11,647,639 for audit services of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) Civil Works (CW) and suballotted funds financial statements. Work will be performed in McLean, Virginia, with an expected completion date of Dec.31, 2019. This contract is the result of a competitive acquisition for which three quotes were received. The contract had a 12-month base period plus four individual one-year option periods, with a maximum value of $57,693,820. This award brings the total cumulative value of the contract to $21,440,433. Fiscal 2019 USACE CW revolving funds in the amount of $11,647,639 are being obligated at the time of this option award. The Defense Finance and Accounting Service, Contract Services Directorate, Columbus, Ohio, is the contracting activity (HQ0423-18-F-0039).
DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE EDUCATION ACTIVITY
Sumitomo Mitsui Auto Service Co. Ltd., Japan (HE1254-19-D-2000), is awarded an indefinite-delivery/indefinite-quantity, multiple-award contract for lease bus and maintenance services for daily student transportation in the amount of $33,702,302. The location of performance is mainland Japan. The award is for a five-year base period ending July 31, 2024; and a five-year option period ending July 31, 2029. Fiscal 2019 operations and maintenance funds will be used to fund the initial task order. This contract was competitively procured via request for proposal HE1254-18-R-2001, with two offers received. The contracting activity is the Department of Defense Education Activity, Alexandria, Virginia.
U.S. TRANSPORTATION COMMAND
Phoenix Air Group Inc., Cartersville, Georgia, was awarded task order, HTC71119FR019, exercising option period three, on contract HTC71116DR001 in the amount of $8,797,654. The task order provides headquarters U.S. Africa Command (AFRICOM) continued Charter Air Transportation services. Work will be performed in Stuttgart Army Airfield, Germany, to various points throughout Africa and Europe. The period of performance is from Jan. 1 to Dec. 31, 2019. Fiscal 2019 AFRICOM operation and maintenance funds were obligated at award. The total cumulative face value of the contract value increased from $39,352,268 to $48,149,922. U.S. Transportation Command, Directorate of Acquisition, Scott Air Force Base, Illinois, is the contracting activity.
*Small business
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Israel’s Man in Venezuela
by Martin Iqbal / January 25th, 2013
At a rally in June 2010, much to the disdain of the American Jewish Committee which dismissed the accusations as ‘baseless’, Venezuelan President Hugo Chavez publicly stated that Israel is funding the Venezuelan opposition:
An inspection of the profile of Henrique Capriles Radonski – leader of the Venezuelan opposition – not only elicits deep suspicion, but in fact completely validates the claims made by Chavez.
Firstly, Radonski is the youngest Venezuelan MP ever elected – being elected as an MP at age 26. After entering politics at the age of 25, he became Venezuela’s youngest ever deputy in Congress, and was subsequently chosen to be Vice President of the House. Secondly, he has enjoyed a “meteoric rise through the political ranks,” in the BBC’s wording, insofar as he has held a number of posts, and has not lost a single election.
Radonski’s anti-Iran Stance
In September 2012, the UK Telegraph accompanied Radonski on the campaign trail, wherein he stated what he would do on his “first day in office.” Not only does he signify his intention to downgrade Venezuela’s diplomatic relations with Iran, but he also intends to end subsidised oil to Cuba and Nicaragua – something which would please the United States government no end.
Radonski informed the Telegraph that the “cosy relationship with Iran would end” because “Venezuela needs good relations with countries that have democracy and respect human rights.”
Contrary to Chavez’s economically nationalistic policies, Radonski makes clear his neoliberalist stance and his alliance with big business as he decries Chavez’s land reform programme which redistributed Venezuelan land from wealthy foreign owners to poor Venezuelan farmers:
The expropriations were a big mistake, the whole policy has been a fiasco, …. Nothing works now. Venezuela has 30 million hectares of fertile land but we only use less than 10 per cent of it and we now import 80 per cent of our food, including rice from the so-called US ‘imperialists.’
He promised to review each such case of land redistribution with a view to returning the land to its former wealthy foreign owners. This includes Chavez’s seizure of estates from the Vestey Group, which is a ranching and sugar cane company headed by Lord Vestey, one of Britain’s richest men.
Germany Urges EU Countries to Step Up Support of Venezuelan Opposition
In the May 18 2012 edition of Venezuelan paper Correo Del Orinoco it was reported that, at a EU meeting on Latin American affairs, the German government asked EU countries to step up their support of the MUD (Democratic Unity Roundtable) coalition (the Venezuelan opposition coalition now headed by Henrique Capriles Radonski).
While German government representatives called for such support not to be hidden from the public, Portugal and France called for a more secretive approach. In addition, the report mentions the direct financial support that the Venezuelan opposition enjoys from not only USAID, but also from the anti-democratic National Endowment for Democracy.
Venezuelan Opposition Made Secret Visit to Israel
Even more revealing is the fact that, on the weekend prior to the 18 May 2012 publication, Venezuelan opposition lawyer and politician Antonio Ledezma secretly flew to Israel – a country which Venezuela has severed diplomatic ties with – on Venezuelan taxpayer money, to meet with Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu and Foreign Minister Avigdor Lieberman on a three-day visit.
During Ledezma’s private, unannounced trip to Israel paid for with public Venezuelan money, he promised to re-establish ties with the usurping Zionist entity if the Jewish settler state would fund and back Henrique Capriles Radonski. Ledezma told reporters that he spoke to Netanyahu and Lieberman about,
our (the opposition) disposition to reestablish relations with the State of Israel under a new government presided by Henrique Capriles Radonski…. In contrast to the current political policy in Venezuela, Capriles will re-establish our historical ties.
Speaking of Ledezma’s meeting with Netanyahu and Lieberman, Venezuelan journalist Miguel Angel Perez Pirela reported that Ledezma had promised Israel “access to [Venezuela’s] resources” should Rodonski take the presidential election.
Radonski, a man who feels Venezuela must only have relations with “countries that have democracy and respect human rights,” shows his duplicity as he reaches out to the Zionist entity – a routine human rights abuser which constitutes a Jewish ethnocracy on stolen Palestinian land.
Radonski: “Fervent Catholic” with Jewish Parents
The aforementioned BBC article deceptively refers to Radonski merely as “Henrique Capriles” – choosing to omit his Jewish surname. Later in the article there is an allusion to his Jewish background; the BBC report casually states, “His maternal grandparents were Jews.” Well, as far as ‘Israel’ is concerned, that would make his mother a Jew, which makes him a Jew.
Interestingly, what the BBC article fails to mention is that in fact, not only are his mother’s parents Jewish, but his father is also of Jewish ancestry. While Radonski’s mother is an Ashkenazi Jew, his father is of Sephardi Jewish ancestry.
Venezuela enjoys excellent relations with Iran. Furthermore, Hugo Chavez severed ties with Israel after the Zionist state’s murderous assault on Gaza in 2008-2009. At the time, the Venezuelan Foreign Ministry stated, “Israel has repeatedly ignored the calls of the United Nations, consistently and shamelessly violating the resolutions approved by overwhelming majorities of member countries, increasingly placing itself on the margin of international law… Israel’s state terrorism has cost the lives of the most vulnerable and innocent: children, women, and the elderly.” If Capriles Radonski – Israel’s man in Venezuela – takes the next election, that is all bound to change.
Martin Iqbal blogs at Empire Strikes Back. Read other articles by Martin.
This article was posted on Friday, January 25th, 2013 at 7:58am and is filed under Germany, Imperialism, Israel/Palestine, Neoliberalism, Venezuela, Zionism.
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893.80 Annotation Municipal liability: The failure to provide adequate police protection — the special duty doctrine should be discarded. 1984 WLR 499.
893.80 Annotation Wisconsin recovery limit for victims of municipal torts: A conflict of public interests. 1986 WLR 155.
893.80 Annotation Reining in Municipalities: How to Tame the Municipal Immunity Monster in Wisconsin. Dudding. 2004 WLR 1741.
893.80 Annotation Revising Wisconsin's Government Immunity Doctrine, Annoye, 88 MLR 971 (2005).
893.80 Annotation Government Immunity for Safe Place Statute Violations. Cabush. Wis. Law. Oct. 1999.
893.80 Annotation Fighting City Hall: Municipal Immunity in Wisconsin. Pollack. Wis. Law. Dec. 2000.
893.80 Annotation Returning to First Principles? Governmental; Immunity in Wisconsin. Johnson-Karp. Wis. Law. Apr. 2014.
893.80 Annotation Pushing the Reset Button on Wisconsin's Governmental Immunity Doctrine. Bullard. 2014 WLR 801.
893.82 893.82 Claims against state employees; notice of claim; limitation of damages.
893.82(1)(1) The purposes of this section are to:
893.82(1)(a) (a) Provide the attorney general with adequate time to investigate claims which might result in judgments to be paid by the state.
893.82(1)(b) (b) Provide the attorney general with an opportunity to effect a compromise without a civil action or civil proceeding.
893.82(1)(c) (c) Place a limit on the amounts recoverable in civil actions or civil proceedings against any state officer, employee or agent.
893.82(2) (2) In this section:
893.82(2)(a) (a) “Civil action or civil proceeding" includes a civil action or civil proceeding commenced or continued by counterclaim, cross claim or 3rd-party complaint.
893.82(2)(b) (b) “Claimant" means the person or entity sustaining the damage or injury or his or her agent, attorney or personal representative.
893.82(2)(c) (c) “Damage" or “injury" means any damage or injury of any nature which is caused or allegedly caused by the event. “Damage" or “injury" includes, but is not limited to, any physical or mental damage or injury or financial damage or injury resulting from claims for contribution or indemnification.
893.82(2)(d) (d) “State officer, employee or agent" includes any of the following persons:
893.82(2)(d)1. 1. An officer, employee or agent of any nonprofit corporation operating a museum under a lease agreement with the state historical society.
893.82(2)(d)1m. 1m. A volunteer health care provider who provides services under s. 146.89, except a volunteer health care provider described in s. 146.89 (5) (a), for the provision of those services.
893.82(2)(d)1n. 1n. A practitioner who provides services under s. 257.03 and a health care facility on whose behalf services are provided under s. 257.04, for the provision of those services.
893.82(2)(d)1r. 1r. A physician under s. 251.07 or 252.04 (9) (b).
893.82(2)(d)2. 2. A member of a local emergency planning committee appointed by a county board under s. 59.54 (8) (a).
893.82(2)(d)3. 3. A member of the board of governors created under s. 619.04 (3), a member of a committee or subcommittee of that board of governors, a member of the injured patients and families compensation fund peer review council created under s. 655.275 (2), and a person consulting with that council under s. 655.275 (5) (b).
893.82(2m) (2m) No claimant may bring an action against a state officer, employee or agent unless the claimant complies strictly with the requirements of this section.
893.82(3) (3) Except as provided in sub. (5m), no civil action or civil proceeding may be brought against any state officer, employee or agent for or on account of any act growing out of or committed in the course of the discharge of the officer's, employee's or agent's duties, and no civil action or civil proceeding may be brought against any nonprofit corporation operating a museum under a lease agreement with the state historical society, unless within 120 days of the event causing the injury, damage or death giving rise to the civil action or civil proceeding, the claimant in the action or proceeding serves upon the attorney general written notice of a claim stating the time, date, location and the circumstances of the event giving rise to the claim for the injury, damage or death and the names of persons involved, including the name of the state officer, employee or agent involved. Except as provided under sub. (3m), a specific denial by the attorney general is not a condition precedent to bringing the civil action or civil proceeding.
893.82(3m) (3m) If the claimant is a prisoner, as defined in s. 801.02 (7) (a) 2., the prisoner may not commence the civil action or proceeding until the attorney general denies the claim or until 120 days after the written notice under sub. (3) is served upon the attorney general, whichever is earlier. This subsection does not apply to a prisoner who commences an action seeking injunctive relief if the court finds that there is a substantial risk to the prisoner's health or safety.
893.82(4) (4)
893.82(4)(a)(a) Except as provided in par. (b), if the civil action or proceeding under sub. (3) is based on contribution or indemnification, the event under sub. (3) is the underlying cause of action, not the cause of action for contribution or indemnification, and, except as provided in sub. (5m), the 120-day limitation applies to that event.
893.82(4)(b) (b)
893.82(4)(b)1.1. If the claimant under par. (a) establishes that he or she had no actual or constructive knowledge of the underlying cause of action at the time of the event under sub. (3), except as provided in sub. (5m), the 120-day limitation under sub. (3) applies to the earlier of the following:
893.82(4)(b)1.a. a. The date the cause of action for contribution or indemnification accrues.
893.82(4)(b)1.b. b. The date the claimant acquired actual or constructive knowledge of the underlying cause of action.
893.82(4)(b)2. 2. The claimant has the burden of proving he or she had no actual knowledge of the underlying cause of action under this paragraph.
893.82(5) (5) The notice under sub. (3) shall be sworn to by the claimant and shall be served upon the attorney general at his or her office in the capitol by certified mail. Notice shall be considered to be given upon mailing for the purpose of computing the time of giving notice.
893.82(5m) (5m) With regard to a claim to recover damages for medical malpractice, the provisions of subs. (3), (3m), and (4) do not apply. The time periods for commencing an action under this section for damages for medical malpractice are the time periods under ss. 893.55 (1m), (2), and (3) and 893.56.
893.82(6) (6) The amount recoverable by any person or entity for any damages, injuries or death in any civil action or civil proceeding against a state officer, employee or agent, or against a nonprofit corporation operating a museum under a lease agreement with the state historical society, including any such action or proceeding based on contribution or indemnification, shall not exceed $250,000. No punitive damages may be allowed or recoverable in any such action.
893.82(7) (7) With respect to a state officer, employee or agent described in sub. (2) (d) 3., this section applies to an event causing the injury, damage or death giving rise to an action against the state officer, employee or agent, which occurs before, on or after April 25, 1990.
893.82(8) (8) This section does not apply to actions commenced under s. 19.37 or 19.97.
893.82(9) (9) For purposes of this section, any employee of the state of Minnesota performing services for this state pursuant to a valid agreement between this state and the state of Minnesota providing for interchange of employees or services is considered to have the same status an as employee of this state performing the same services for this state, and any employee of this state who performs services for the state of Minnesota pursuant to such an agreement is considered to have the same status as when performing the same services for this state in any action brought under the laws of this state.
893.82 History History: 1973 c. 333; 1977 c. 29; 1979 c. 221; 1979 c. 323 s. 30; 1979 c. 355; Stats. 1979 s. 893.82; 1983 a. 27; 1985 a. 66, 340; 1987 a. 342; 1987 a. 403 s. 256; 1989 a. 187, 206, 359; 1991 a. 39, 269; 1993 a. 27, 28; 1995 a. 158, 201; 1997 a. 133; 2003 a. 111; 2005 a. 96; 2007 a. 79, 130; 2009 a. 42, 278; 2011 a. 32; 2013 a. 241.
893.82 Note Judicial Council Committee's Note, 1979: This section is previous s. 895.45 renumbered for more logical placement in restructured ch. 893. The previous 90-day time period in which to file written notice of a claim against an employee of the state of Wisconsin has been increased to 120 days to make the time period consistent with the period for filing notice of claims with other governmental bodies allowed in s. 893.80. (See note following s. 893.80). [Bill 326-A]
893.82 Annotation The court had no jurisdiction over state employees alleged to have intentionally damaged the plaintiff when the complaint failed to comply with the notice of claim statute. Elm Park Iowa, Inc. v. Denniston, 92 Wis. 2d 723, 286 N.W.2d 5 (Ct. App. 1979).
893.82 Annotation Noncompliance with the notice of injury statute barred suit even though the defendant failed to raise the issue in responsive pleadings. Mannino v. Davenport, 99 Wis. 2d 602, 299 N.W.2d 823 (1981).
893.82 Annotation The court properly granted the defendant's motion to dismiss since a notice of claim of injury was not served upon the attorney general within the 120 day limit. Ibrahim v. Samore, 118 Wis. 2d 720, 348 N.W.2d 554 (1984).
893.82 Annotation Sub. (3) does not create an exception for a plaintiff who is unaware that a defendant is a state employee. Renner vs. Madison General Hospital, 151 Wis. 2d 885, 447 N.W.2d 97 (Ct. App. 1989).
893.82 Annotation Under an administrative-services-only state group insurance contract, the insurer is an agent of the state, and the plaintiff must comply with the notice provisions under this section to maintain an action. Smith v. Wisconsin Physicians Services, 152 Wis. 2d 25, 447 N.W.2d 371 (Ct. App. 1989).
893.82 Annotation A possible finding that a state employee was acting as an apparent agent of a non-state hospital does not permit the maintenance of a suit against the state employee absent compliance with the notice requirements. Kashishian v. Port, 167 Wis. 2d 24, 481 N.W.2d 227 (1992).
893.82 Annotation Actual notice and lack of prejudice to the state are not exceptions to the 120-day notice requirement. Carlson v. Pepin County 167 Wis. 2d 345, 481 N.W.2d 498 (Ct. App. 1992).
893.82 Annotation The certified mail requirement under sub. (5) is subject to strict construction. Kelley v. Reyes, 168 Wis. 2d 743, 484 N.W.2d 388 (Ct. App. 1992).
893.82 Annotation Records relating to pending claims need not be disclosed under s. 19.35. Records of nonpending claims must be disclosed unless an in camera inspection reveals attorney-client privilege would be violated. George v. Record Custodian, 169 Wis. 2d 573, 485 N.W.2d 460 (Ct. App. 1992).
893.82 Annotation Sub. (3) does not apply to claims for injunctive and declaratory relief. Lewis v. Sullivan, 188 Wis. 2d 157, 524 N.W.2d 630 (1994).
893.82 Annotation Sub. (5) requires a notice of claim to be sworn to and to include evidence showing that an oath or affirmation occurred. Kellner v. Christian, 197 Wis. 2d 183, 539 N.W.2d 685 (1994), 93-1657.
893.82 Annotation The discovery rule does not apply to sub. (3). The failure to apply the discovery rule to sub. (3) is not unconstitutional. Oney v. Schrauth, 197 Wis. 2d 891, 541 N.W.2d 229 (Ct. App. 1995), 94-3298.
893.82 Annotation The constitutional mandate of just compensation for a taking of property cannot be limited in amount by statute. A taking may result in the state's obligation to pay more than $250,000. Retired Teachers Association v. Employee Trust Funds Board, 207 Wis. 2d 1, 558 N.W.2d 83 (1997), 94-0712.
893.82 Annotation A state “agent" under sub. (3) means an individual and not a state agency. Miller v. Mauston School District, 222 Wis. 2d 540, 588 N.W.2d 305 (Ct. App. 1998), 97-1874.
893.82 Annotation A defendant is not relieved from filing a notice of claim under this section when a state employee also performs functions for a private employer. The notice of claim provisions are constitutional. Riccitelli v. Broekhuizen, 227 Wis. 2d 100, 595 N.W.2d 392 (1999), 98-0329.
893.82 Annotation This section does not provide an administrative remedy for purposes of filing a federal civil rights claim under 42 USC 1983 and therefore the failure to file a notice of claim under this section was not a failure to exhaust administrative remedies justifying denial of a petition. State ex rel. Ledford v. Circuit Court for Dane County, 228 Wis. 2d 768, 599 N.W.2d 45 (Ct. App. 1999), 99-0939.
893.82 Annotation The factors relevant to a master/servant relationship are relevant to deciding whether a person is a state employee under sub. (3). A state employee's affiliation with another entity does not vitiate his or her status as a state employee for purposes of sub. (3) as long as the act sued upon grows out of or was committed in the course of duties as a state employee. Lamoreux v. Oreck, 2004 WI App 160, 275 Wis. 2d 801, 686 N.W.2d 722, 03-2045.
893.82 Annotation A notice is properly served on the attorney general under sub. (5) if a claimant sends the notice by certified mail addressed to the attorney general at his or her capitol office, Main Street office, post office box, or any combination of those three addresses, assuming that the notice otherwise complies with sub. (5). Hines v. Resnick, 2011 WI App 163, 338 Wis. 2d 190, 807 N.W.2d 687, 11-0109.
893.82 Annotation Kellner sets forth two requirements in order for a notice of claim to be properly “sworn to" under sub. (5). First, a formal oath or affirmation must be taken by a claimant. Second, the notice of claim must contain a statement showing that the oath or affirmation occurred. Neither requirement demands that a false notice of claim be punishable for perjury or that a notice of claim must contain a statement by a notary that an oath or affirmation was administered. Estate of Hopgood v. Boyd, 2013 WI 1, 345 Wis. 2d 65, 825 N.W.2d 273, 11-0914.
893.82 Annotation Sub. (3)'s time-of-the-event requirement only requires a plaintiff to include the time of the event giving rise to a claim when it is possible to do so. To require otherwise essentially bars recovery for plaintiffs with claims that are not set in a single moment in time and creates an absurd result. The plaintiffs' claims in this case did not arise from a singular event occurring at a fixed moment in time, but were based on numerous events that transpired over a duration of time. Requiring them to set forth the exact moment in time that each of these events occurred was unreasonable. Mayo v. Boyd, 2014 WI App 37, 353 Wis. 2d 162, 844 N.W.2d 652, 13-1578.
893.82 Annotation Subsection (2m) mandates strict compliance with the requirements of this section in order to institute an action against a state employee. Delivering notice by personal service does not comply with the plain language of sub. (5), which requires service of notice of claim on the attorney general by certified mail. Sorenson v. Batchelder, 2016 WI 34, 368 Wis. 2d 140, 885 N.W.2d 362, 14-1213.
893.82 Annotation Members of the Investment Board, Employee Trust Fund Board, Teachers Retirement Board, Wisconsin Retirement Board, Group Insurance Board, and Deferred Compensation Board are subject to the limitations on damages under this section and are entitled to the state's indemnification for liability under s. 895.46. OAG 2-06.
893.82 Annotation This section provides no affirmative waiver of the state's immunity to suit, but forecloses suit when its procedures are not followed. The state has not waived its immunity under the federal Fair Labor Standards Act. Luder v. Endicott, 86 F. Supp. 2d 854 (2000).
893.82 Annotation The injury caused by a misdiagnosis arises when the misdiagnosis causes greater harm than existed at the time of the misdiagnosis. Under sub. (6), discovery occurs when the plaintiff has information that would give a reasonable person notice of the injury, that is, of the greater harm caused by the misdiagnosis. McCulloch v. Linblade, 513 F. Supp 2d 1037 (2007).
893.825 893.825 Statutory challenges.
893.825(1)(1) In an action in which a statute is alleged to be unconstitutional, or to be in violation of or preempted by federal law, or if the construction or validity of a statute is otherwise challenged, the attorney general shall be served with a copy of the proceeding and is entitled to be heard.
893.825(2) (2) In an action in which a statute is alleged to be unconstitutional, or to be in violation of or preempted by federal law, or if the construction or validity of a statute is otherwise challenged, the speaker of the assembly, the president of the senate, and the senate majority leader shall also be served with a copy of the proceeding and the assembly, the senate, and the joint committee on legislative organization are entitled to be heard.
893.825 History History: 2017 a. 369.
893.83 893.83 Damages caused by accumulation of snow or ice; liability of city, village, town, and county. No action may be maintained against a city, village, town, or county to recover damages for injuries sustained by reason of an accumulation of snow or ice upon any bridge or highway, unless the accumulation existed for 3 weeks. Any action to recover damages for injuries sustained by reason of an accumulation of snow or ice that has existed for 3 weeks or more upon any bridge or highway is subject to s. 893.80.
893.83 History History: 2003 a. 214 ss. 136, 137, 189; 2011 a. 132.
893.83 Note NOTE: 2003 Wis. Act 214, which affected this section, contains extensive explanatory notes.
893.83 Annotation The plaintiff's oral notice to the chief of police, who said he would file a report, and direct contact and negotiation with the city's insurer, within 120 days, was sufficient compliance to sustain an action for damages against the city. Harte v. City of Eagle River, 45 Wis. 2d 513, 173 N.W.2d 683 (1972).
893.83 Annotation A spouse's action for loss of consortium is separate and has a separate dollar limitation from the injured spouse's claim for damages. Schwartz v. Milwaukee, 54 Wis. 2d 286, 195 N.W.2d 480 (1970).
893.83 Annotation Shoveling snow from a sidewalk to create a mound along the curb does not create an unnatural or artificial accumulation that renders a city liable. Kobelinski v. Milwaukee & Suburban Transport Corp. 56 Wis. 2d 504, 202 N.W.2d 415 (1972).
893.83 Annotation This section creates a secondary liability on a municipality or county for highway defects that cause damage only when the act or default of another tortfeasor also contributes to the creation of the defect. Dickens v. Kensmoe, 61 Wis. 2d 211, 212 N.W.2d 484 (1973).
893.83 Annotation City liability arising from snow and ice on sidewalks is determined under the standard of whether, under all the circumstances, the city was unreasonable in allowing the condition to continue. Circumstances to be considered include location, climactic conditions, accumulation, practicality of removal, traffic on the sidewalk, and intended use of the sidewalk by pedestrians. Schattschneider v. Milwaukee & Suburban Transport Corp. 72 Wis. 2d 252, 240 N.W.2d 182 (1976).
893.83 Annotation An insurance policy was construed to waive the recovery limitations this section. Stanhope v. Brown County, 90 Wis. 2d 823, 280 N.W.2d 711 (1979).
893.83 Annotation Recovery limitations under this section are constitutional. Sambs v. City of Brookfield, 97 Wis. 2d 356, 293 N.W.2d 504 (1980).
893.83 Annotation Immunity under this section does not exist for injuries resulting from ice on a stairway connecting 2 sidewalks. Henderson v. Milwaukee County, 198 Wis. 2d 748, 543 N.W.2d 544 (Ct. App. 1995).
893.83 Annotation If a plaintiff's injuries occurred by reason of insufficiency or want of repairs of any highway, a governmental entity is not afforded immunity under s. 893.80 (4). Morris v. Juneau County, 219 Wis. 2d 543, 579 N.W.2d 690 (1998), 96-2507.
893.83 Annotation As used in this section, “highway" includes the shoulder of the highway. Morris v. Juneau County, 219 Wis. 2d 543, 579 N.W.2d 690 (1998), 96-2507.
893.83 Annotation A person other than a municipality with any lability for a defect is primarily liable for the entire resulting judgment. If a contractor settles with the injured party for less than the amount of the ultimate award, the municipality is not liable for the balance. VanCleve v. City of Marinette, 2002 WI App 10, 250 Wis. 2d 121, 639 N.W.2d 792, 01-0231.
893.83 Annotation Under this section, a municipality may not be held primarily liable, and there can be neither joint, nor primary, liability on the municipality's part if any other party has any liability. Municipal liability is successive and is only for the damages and costs that the party with primary liability is unable to pay. VanCleve v. City of Marinette, 2003 WI 2, 258 Wis. 2d 80, 655 N.W.2d 113, 01-0231.
893.83 Annotation A municipality's liability is triggered only if execution has been issued against the party with primary liability and returned unsatisfied. By entering into a settlement and release with a defendant found by a jury to be liable, a plaintiff indirectly waives any right to hold the municipality secondarily liable because the release prevents taking a judgment against and executing upon the primarily liable defendant. VanCleve v. City of Marinette, 2003 WI 2, 258 Wis. 2d 80, 655 N.W.2d 113, 01-0231.
893.83 Annotation A “highway" is an area that the entire community has free access to travel on. A public parking lot is available to the entire community for vehicular travel, and as such, a city's public parking lot is a “highway" for purposes of this section. Ellerman v. City of Manitowoc, 2003 WI App 216, 267 Wis. 2d 480, 671 N.W.2d 366, 03-0322.
893.83 Annotation When an accumulation of ice is created by natural conditions a municipality has 3 weeks to address the problem. Actions based on artificial accumulations are actionable without the 3-week requirement. To be an artificial condition, grading must be part of a drainage design plan or be shown to divert water from other sources onto the sidewalks. If not, grading, by itself, does not create an artificial condition on land even if the municipality had notice that a hazardous condition existed. Gruber v. Village of North Fond du Lac, 2003 WI App 217, 267 Wis. 2d 368, 671 N.W.2d 692, 03-0537.
subch. IX of ch. 893 SUBCHAPTER IX
/statutes/statutes/893 true statutes /statutes/statutes/893/VIII/82/4/b Chs. 885-895, Provisions Common to Actions and Provisions Common to Actions and Proceedings in All Courts statutes/893.82(4)(b) statutes/893.82(4)(b) section true
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delanceyplace.com 10/19/10 - mark twain, his mother, and slaves
In today's excerpt - Samuel Clemens attempted to write his autobiography over several decades but never finished, and instructed that the draft not be made available for 100 years. In just-released manuscripts, Clemens wrote of his early schoolboy friendships with black slaves, including characters that appeared later in his most famous fictional works:
"All the negroes were friends of ours, and with those of our own age we were in effect comrades. I say in effect, using the phrase as a modification. We were comrades, and yet not comrades; color and condition interposed a subtle line which both parties were conscious of, and which rendered complete fusion impossible. We had a faithful and affectionate good friend, ally and adviser in 'Uncle Dan'l,' a middle-aged slave whose head was the best one in the negro-quarter, whose sympathies were wide and warm, and whose heart was honest and simple and knew no guile. He has served me well, these many, many years. I have not seen him for more than half a century, and yet spiritually I have had his welcome company a good part of that time, and have staged him in books under his own name and as 'Jim,' and carted him all around - to Hannibal, down the Mississippi on a raft, and even across the Desert of Sahara in a balloon—and he has endured it all with the patience and friendliness and loyalty which were his birthright. It was on the farm that I got my strong liking for his race and my appreciation of certain of its fine qualities. This feeling and this estimate have stood the test of sixty years and more and have suffered no impairment. The black face is as welcome to me now as it was then.
"In my schoolboy days I had no aversion to slavery. I was not aware that there was anything wrong about it. No one arraigned it in my hearing; the local papers said nothing against it; the local pulpit taught us that God approved it, that it was a holy thing, and that the doubter need only look in the Bible if he wished to settle his mind—and then the texts were read aloud to us to make the matter sure; if the slaves themselves had an aversion to slavery they were wise and said nothing. In Hannibal we seldom saw a slave misused; on the farm, never.
"There was, however, one small incident of my boyhood days which touched this matter, and it must have meant a good deal to me or it would not have stayed in my memory, clear and sharp, vivid and shadowless, all these slow-drifting years. We had a little slave boy whom we had hired from some one, there in Hannibal. He was from the Eastern Shore of Maryland, and had been brought away from his family and his friends, half way across the American continent, and sold. He was a cheery spirit, innocent and gentle, and the noisiest creature that ever was, perhaps. All day long he was singing, whistling, yelling, whooping, laughing—it was maddening, devastating, unendurable. At last, one day, I lost all my temper, and went raging to my mother, and said Sandy had been singing for an hour without a single break, and I couldn't stand it, and wouldn't she please shut him up. The tears came into her eyes, and her lip trembled, and she said something like this—
" 'Poor thing, when he sings, it shows that he is not remembering, and that comforts me; but when he is still, I am afraid he is thinking, and I cannot bear it. He will never see his mother again; if he can sing, I must not hinder it, but be thankful for it. If you were older, you would understand me; then that friendless child's noise would make you glad.'
"It was a simple speech, and made up of small words, but it went home, and Sandy's noise was not a trouble to me any more. She never used large words, but she had a natural gift for making small ones do effective work. She lived to reach the neighborhood of ninety years, and was capable with her tongue to the last—especially when a meanness or an injustice roused her spirit. She has come handy to me several times in my books, where she figures as Tom Sawyer's 'Aunt Polly.' I fitted her out with a dialect, and tried to think up other improvements for her, but did not find any. I used Sandy once, also; it was in 'Tom Sawyer;' I tried to get him to whitewash the fence, but it did not work. I do not remember what name I called him by in the book."
Samuel Clemens
Autobiography of Mark Twain, Volume 1
Copyright 2010, 2001 by the Mark Twain Foundation
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Longtime field hockey coach Short named Wesley interim athletic director
May 21st, 2018 · by Delaware State News · Comments:
DOVER — Veteran field hockey coach Tracey Short will step into the role of interim athletic director at Wesley College, the school announced on Monday.
Short, who will remain field hockey coach, has been Wesley’s Associate Athletic Director for Compliance. The AD position was left open when Mike Drass passed away last week.
Wesley has not announced yet who will fill Drass’ role as football head coach.
“There is no finer professional or person than Tracey Short to take on the role and responsibilities as the Interim Director of Athletics,” said Wesley College president Robert E. Clark II. “She was the engine in the athletic department under Mike Drass in so many ways and I have complete confidence in her abilities to lead the department during these difficult and transitional times.”
Short has served as the Associate Athletic Director for Compliance since 2010 and as the head coach of the field hockey team since 1995.
The 12th winningest active coach in NCAA Division III field hockey, Short has tallied 262 wins in her 23 seasons at Wesley. She is a four-time conference Coach of the Year while her teams have made 16 conference tournaments, seven Eastern College Athletic Conference playoff appearances, won three conference championships and made the NCAA Division III Tournament three times.
Short is a 1990 graduate of Salisbury University with a Bachelor of Science in Physical Education and a K-12 certification. She starred in field hockey and softball and was inducted into the Salisbury Athletic Hall of Fame in 2001.
She received her Master of Education degree from Wesley in 2002.
“I want to thank President Clark and the administration in trusting me with this interim role,” said Short. “After many years working with Coach Drass and sharing the same vision, I am confident that our department will continue to grow and prosper.”
Reach the Delaware State News newsroom at newsroom@newszap.com
Tags:Wesley College · Wesley College Wolverines
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Delaware State News Spotlight on Sports
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Children, Families, Learning and Leisure
Children, Families, Learning & Leisure Cabinet Member – Minutes – 28 November 2018
14 (14) RECONSTITUTION OF BERKELEY PRIMARY SCHOOL – The Director: Learning, Skills and Culture submitted a report seeking approval of the instrument of government to allow the governing body of Berkeley Primary School to be reconstituted effective from 1 February 2019.
At the full board of governors meeting of Berkeley Primary School held on 9 October 2018, the governors voted to reconstitute the board of governors in line with the School Governance (Constitution) (England) Regulations 2012 and the School Governance (Constitution) (Amendment) Regulations 2014.
The above regulations set out the options available to schools in terms of the overall number of governors, the categories of governor and the guiding principles for the constitution. The regulations gave the board of governors more flexibility with their constitution and stated that boards should be no bigger than they needed to be to carry out their statutory duties.
The constitution of each board of governors was laid down in a document known as the instrument of government. A board of governors could at any time request changes to their constitution, in accordance with the regulations, by varying their instrument of government.
Where changes were proposed, a maintained school’s board of governors must prepare a draft instrument of government and submit it to the local authority for approval.
Resolved – That the new instrument of government for Berkeley Primary School be approved.
15 (15) LOCAL AUTHORITY SCHOOL GOVERNORS – The Director: Learning, Skills and Culture submitted a report recommending candidates to serve as local authority governors on the governing bodies of Leys Farm Junior School, Oakfield Primary School, St Hugh’s School and The Grange Farm Junior School.
Governing bodies were the key strategic decision making body for schools. It was the governing body’s role to set a school’s strategic framework and to ensure that all statutory duties were met. The Department for Education identified three main duties which were:
• ensuring clarity of vision, ethos and strategic direction
• holding the head teacher to account for the educational performance of school and its pupils, and the performance management of staff
• overseeing the financial performance of the school and making sure its money was well spent.
When a LA governor vacancy occurred, the relevant governing body identified the necessary skills, knowledge and experience that would be required of the successful candidates. The LA nominated suitable candidates to the school and the governing body decided whether the nominee met their requirements. The governing body may choose to reject or appoint the candidate accordingly.
Resolved – That the following applicants be recommended for appointment as Local Authority Governors to the board of governors of the schools listed below:
School Applicant
Leys Farm Junior School Mr Christopher Moat
Oakfield Primary School Mr Keith Cook
St Hugh’s School Mr Paul Townsley
The Grange Primary School Mrs Mary Fields
16 (16) ANNUAL REPORT OF THE VIRTUAL HEADTEACHER FOR LOOKED AFTER CHILDREN – The Director: Learning, Skills and Culture submitted a report seeking approval of the Annual Report of the Virtual Headteacher for Looked After Children.
The Virtual Headteacher (VHT) provided an Annual Report for the education of Looked After Children (LAC) up to the end of April 2018. The report gave an oversight of the work of the virtual school and outcomes for LAC throughout that period.
The virtual school was accountable to the Multi-Agency Looked After Children Partnership and Corporate Parenting Board. It held regular Children in Care Education and Employability meetings to address any issues regarding children’s education and discussed any requests for school moves for which the VHT provided oversight. The meeting had representation from staff across services for children, health and colleges.
The previous VHT retired in October 2017 and a new headteacher was in post from September 2018. The new VHT was a serving principal in North Lincolnshire.
Resolved – That the Annual Report of the Virtual Headteacher for Looked After Children be approved.
Reconstitutuion Berkeley Primary School (88 kB)
Appointment of LA governors (86 kB)
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Board of Directors and Advisory Committees
Erin Archuleta
Erin Archuleta co-owns the award-winning restaurant group, ICHI Dozo and previously held the position of Director of Field Operations and Strategy for the literacy nonprofit 826 National. She is a member of the CUESA Development Committee; a co-founder of the Mission Bernal Merchants Association; a Trustee of the City of San Francisco, as a graduate of the Leadership San Francisco 2012 class; and a board member of the Golden Gate Restaurant Association. Her work with ICHI Sushi + NI Bar and ICHI Kakiya garnered San Francisco’s Small Business Week Award from Mayor Edwin M. Lee in 2014. ICHI Sushi + NI Bar has been named One of America’s Top Restaurants (Zagat, 2013) and the Hottest and Top Sushi Bars in the US (Eater, Thrillist, 2014, 2015). Erin is a native of Flint, Michigan, and is a recipient of the Alumni Achievement Award from Western Michigan University’s Department of English.
Jonathan Bass
Jonathan Bass is a partner in the San Francisco law firm of Coblentz, Patch, Duffy & Bass LLP, where he has practiced law for more than 30 years. He received his BA from Yale University and his law degree from the University of California, Berkeley School of Law. He also serves as president of the board of directors of Civic Assets, a local nonprofit that provides transition assistance for veterans of the armed forces.
Daniel Capra
Daniel Capra is Executive Chef of Paula LeDuc Fine Catering, where for the past 17 years he and his team of chefs have been creating culinary experiences on par with the highest standards of fine dining restaurants. A native Virginian, Daniel spent time mastering his craft in Virginia Beach, Washington, D.C., and New Orleans, before landing in the Bay Area. He oversees the company’s organic garden in St. Helena, incorporating produce from the garden in his seasonal menus, and works with his staff to maintain and develop environmental and sustainable kitchen practices. He has partnered with CUESA for over a decade, as a participating chef at both CUESA’s Summer Celebration and Sunday Supper, as well as hosting cooking demos at the San Francisco and Oakland CUESA farmers markets. Daniel is co-owner and founder of Just Cook Foods, where he concocts innovative spice blends for the home cook.
Marty Cepkauskas
Marty Cepkauskas is the Senior Director of Real Estate for the Western Properties Division of the Hearst Corporation. He is responsible for the real estate management of Hearst’s sustainable agricultural properties in California and commercial buildings in San Francisco and Los Angeles. Marty completed one of the largest agricultural conservation transactions in California with the American Land Conservancy for preserving the historic 82,000-acre Hearst Ranch at San Simeon, which received the Governor’s Environmental Award in 2006. He was also involved with the startup of the Hearst Ranch grass-fed, all-natural beef program and Hearst Ranch Wines. Marty earned a MBA from Saint Mary’s College, a MS in Construction Management from UC Berkeley, and a BS in Mechanical Engineering from Union College. He has worked in San Francisco since 1991, and currently lives in San Francisco with his wife, Allison.
Cathy Curtis
Cathy Curtis is the principal of Curtis Financial Planning, an Oakland-based, independent, fee-only financial planning and investment advisory firm. Since 2000, she has provided specialized financial advisory services to women, their families and their businesses. Previously, Cathy spent 20 years as a sales and marketing executive for Fortune 500 and private food companies. She received her BA from the University of California, Berkeley; she also completed her financial planning studies at UC Berkeley, leading to her certification as a Certified Financial Planner™. She serves as program director for the Bay Gourmet Forum of the Commonwealth Club of California, is on the Advisory Council for the Community Alliance for Family Farmers (CAFF), and previously served on the Advisory Council for BACS Meals for Change and BALT.
Aomboon Deasy
Aomboon Deasy is the General Manager/Proprietor of K&J Orchards, a family-owned farm founded in 1982 and located in California’s Central Valley. One of K&J’s first customers was The French Laundry. Today, K&J partners with over 150 restaurants in the Bay Area, working directly with chefs and owners. Aomboon also consults in manufacturing and operations across multiple industries (e.g., apparel, food, hard goods, and CPG). She also regularly participates on panels in the agriculture and horticulture industry. Born in Bangkok, Aomboon was raised in Sacramento. She received her Master’s in Project Management from USF. In her spare time, Aomboon loves cooking, photography, and enjoying local cuisine.
Sonya Dreizler, President
Sonya Dreizler is the founder of Solutions With Sonya, a firm that assists financial services companies with practice management and impact investment strategies. Sonya is a respected leader, practical thinker, and consensus-builder with excellent communication skills and deep experience in Independent Broker Dealer and Investment Adviser management. Her areas of expertise include sustainable and impact investing, business development & oversight, BD/RIA regulation & financial reporting, and contract negotiation. As a board member of CUESA, she chairs the development committee and co-chairs the audit committee. She also volunteers with Friends of the Urban Forest and JVS. Sonya earned a BA from UCLA in English Literature and speaks fluent Spanish and some Portuguese. Born and raised in Sacramento, Sonya now lives in San Francisco with her husband and their two sons. She enjoys travelling with her family, learning martial arts, gardening, and shopping the farmers market.
Jessica Goldman Foung
Jessica Goldman Foung graduated from Stanford University with a degree in English Literature and Creative Writing. She has worked as a Development Manager for two local nonprofits and has written for numerous regional and national magazines. She blogs regularly at sodiumgirl.com, as released two cookbooks, Sodium Girl’s Limitless Low-Sodium Cookbook and Low-So Good: A Guide to Real Food, Big Flavor, and Less Sodium with 70 Amazing Recipes.
Andrew Freeman is president of Andrew Freeman & Co., an innovative restaurant and hospitality consulting firm headquartered in San Francisco that offers marketing, public relations, and creative services to clients across the country. Prior to opening AF&Co, Andrew was Vice President of Public Relations and Strategic Partnerships for Kimpton Hotels and Restaurants. A dedicated philanthropist, Andrew sits on the boards of CUESA, Dress for Success San Francisco, and The Richmond Ermet AIDS Foundation. He is a former board member of Meals on Wheels San Francisco, the San Francisco Convention and Visitors Bureau, and the Anti-Defamation League, and was an advisor for the American Airlines LGBT committee. In 2016 and 2017, AF&Co. was named by the San Francisco Business Times as one of the Top 50 LGBT-Owned Businesses in the Bay Area. Andrew is a contributor to numerous industry magazines and blogs and guest speaker at industry conferences. He resides in San Francisco with his gorgeous yorkies Tulip and Daisy.
Saeeda Hafiz
Saeeda Hafiz is a Wellness Policy Project Manager at San Francisco Unified School District (SFUSD), where she is charged with creating positive behavior change in schools for staff, students, and families to improve upon overall personal wellness. Previously, she has been a nutrition coordinator and a staff wellness instructor teaching basic holistic nutrition and yoga to kids and adults for 15 years. Saeeda is the author of the award-winning book, The Healing: A Memoir of Food, Family, and Yoga. She has appeared on various radio and television programs and has been featured in several national and regional publications. She is a graduate of Temple University in Philadelphia, with a degree in Business and Management Information Systems. She has also studied at the Sivananda Yoga Vedanta Centers and Ashrams, Whole Health Resources, and Natural Gourmet Cookery School in New York City.
Markus Hartmann, Vice President
Markus Hartmann is a district manager for Bon Appétit Management Company. He joined Bon Appétit more than 12 years ago and is responsible for food service operations at key accounts including AT&T Park, Public House and eBay. A classically-trained chef, Markus is a firm believer and supporter of the Bon Appétit philosophy: Food Service for a Sustainable Future. He grew up in a large farming community in Germany where fresh produce and livestock were part of his daily life. After graduating from restaurant management school in Germany he relocated to the U.S. to continue his passionate involvement in the food service and hospitality industry. Through his work with farmers, producers, chefs and consumers, Markus is an advocate for locally-based, sustainable food communities.
Marie Trimble Holvick
Marie Trimble Holvick is the Assistant Managing Partner of the Bay Area Offices of Gordon Rees Scully Mansukhani LLP. Marie specializes in employment law. She counsels employers on employment and human resources issues, conducts sexual harassment trainings, prepares employee handbooks, and presents on “best practices” for employers. Marie also defends employers in high-stakes litigation, including claims of wrongful termination, harassment, discrimination, wage-related claims, ADA access claims, and Labor Code 132a claims. Marie is passionate about food and wine. She uses this passion to help defend restaurants and agricultural clients in employment-related litigation. Marie is a regular shopper at CUESA’s Ferry Plaza Farmers Market.
Nafis Jamal
Nafis Jamal grew up in suburban Louisiana and was raised on Bangladeshi food and the occasional crawfish boil. He studied physics and electrical engineering at Stanford University, and later went to culinary school in New York. He has been Co-Founder/CTO at Mopub, Director of Engineering at Twitter, and Director of Product at Lime. Nafis is in the early stages of a restaurant concept bringing together his French culinary arts training, penchant for great local ingredients, Bangladeshi heritage, and Louisiana upbringing.
Stacy Jed
Stacy Jed is the co-founder and Creative Marketing Director for Amuse Management Group and Bluestem Brasserie, an award-wining, modern American brasserie in the heart of downtown San Francisco. Stacy brings more than 20 years of business leadership in areas of marketing, design, and event management that span the restaurant, hotel, and tech industry. She received her degree in psychology from San Francisco State University and a degree in interior architecture from California College of the Arts. Stacy credits her love for food and the restaurant industry to her Italian roots and her family restaurants and lounge in San Francisco, including Gino’s and Station J. Stacy sits as vice president on the Board of the Golden Gate Restaurant Association. She currently resides in San Francisco’s Mira Loma Park locale with her husband and business partner, Adam, and their dog, Lola.
Lee Koffler, Treasurer
Lee Koffler is the Chief Operating Officer of the Voleon Group. Previously, he was a leader at Orbis Investment Management and McKinsey and Company. He also engaged in fellowships at two nonprofit organizations: the International Rescue Committee and Lincoln Center for the Performing Arts. He received his undergraduate degree from Harvard College and his MBA degree from Harvard Business School.
Shakirah Simley
Shakirah Simley is a community organizer and writer living in San Francisco; she has a over a decade of experience working on food equity policy issues, as well with labor and national youth organizing campaigns. She is a 2017 recipient of the Exchange Fellowship with Stone Barns Center for Food and Agriculture, and the co-founder of Nourish|Resist, a multiracial organizing collaborative dedicated to using food spaces and people as tools for collective resistance. She is the former Community Programs Manager for Bi-Rite, an independently-owned, family of sustainable food businesses in SF. She received her Master’s degree via a Fulbright scholarship to the University of Gastronomic Sciences in Bra, Italy, and received her undergraduate degree from the University of Pennsylvania. Named one of Zagat’s “30 under 30” in 2013, she is also a certified Master Food Preserver though the UC San Mateo/San Francisco County Extension. Shakirah currently manages community benefits programs that prioritize environmental justice and equitable economic development for the San Francisco Public Utilities Commission. Her writing has appeared in the Huffington Post, Civil Eats, SF Chronicle, and the recently published book Feed the Resistance.
Steve Sullivan, Secretary
Steve Sullivan is owner and co-founder of Acme Bread Company. Steve enrolled at UC Berkeley in 1975, intending to major in Rhetoric, while also working as a busboy at Chez Panisse. In 1979, when Chez Panisse’s then-supplier could not keep up with its demands, Sullivan became the restaurant’s in-house breadmaker. In 1983, he left to open Acme.
Dilan Urun
Dilan Urun is the Managing Partner of Les Partenaires Ottomans, a real estate development consultancy firm. She has about 20 years of industry experience. She helps real estate developers, sales & marketing companies, private equity firms, sovereign wealth funds, and high-net worth individuals invest and grow their portfolios and projects. She is also an expert in fundraising, sales, and marketing in new construction developments. Dilan is in the leadership circle of Commonwealth Club of California, and is a member of SPUR, ULI, World Affairs Council of Northern California, and Global Real Estate Institute. She earned a BA in English Literature from Ege University in Turkey and a Master’s Degree in International Relations from Golden Gate University. She speaks Turkish and English. She has been living in San Francisco for the past 19 years and enjoys travelling around the world, reading non-fiction, watching spy movies, and supporting startup companies in the tech industry as an angel investor.
Laiko Bahrs, PR
Haven Bourque, Haven B Media
Cathy Curtis, CUESA Board of Directors
Jane Connors, Ferry Building Marketplace
Andrew Freeman, CUESA Board of Directors
Sinead Kennedy, Diverge Labs
Annie Miller, Boon Design
Lisa Nourse, LNPR
Lalé Shafaghi, Ferry Building Marketplace
Anthony Chang, Kitchen Table Advisors
Marie Trimble Holvick, CUESA Board of Directors
Markus Hartmann, Bon Appétit Management Co.
Sonya Dreizler , CUESA Board of Directors
Anna Zulaica Bohbot , LinkedIn
Jessica Goldman Foung, CUESA Board of Directors
Erin Archuleta, CUESA Board of Directors
Vidya Nathu, Parnassus Investments
Tendai Chitewere, San Francisco State University
Saeeda Hafiz, CUESA Board of Directors
Matthew “Herbie” Harman, Exploratorium
Nina Ichikawa, Berkeley Food Institute
Shakirah Simley, CUESA Board of Directors
Rodney Spencer, City Slicker Farms
Eli Zigas, SPUR
Daniel Capra, CUESA Board of Directors
Madison Ginnett, AF&co.
Doug Washington, Anchor & Hope, Salt House, Town Hall
Maggie Spicer, Baana
Thom Fox, Bon Appétit Management Co.
Jill Koenen, Bon Appétit Management Co.
Trey Bertram, Caviar
Taira Kater, Foxtail Catering
Aaron Toensing, Maybeck’s
Casey Burke, Paula LeDuc Fine Catering
Heather Rice, Paula LeDuc Fine Catering
Michael Pierce, Oakland Spirits Co.
Sarah Henkin, Omnivore Books
Pam Mazzola, Prospect
Kory Cogdill, Tacolicious
Josh Even, Tosca Café
Cultivate a healthy food system
Market Match
The Market Match program doubles the spending power of people who need it the most, ensuring greater access to fresh food for all and increasing the dollars that go directly to local farmers. Learn more »
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Students participate in march in Martin Luther King Jr.’s honor
By Kathleen Hilliard.
The Martin Luther King Jr. march for social equality was hosted by the Center for Inclusion and Diversity and African American Caucus on Jan. 21. Students met in front of the Dr. Randall J. Webb Wellness, Recreation and Activity Center at 11 a.m.
The march began there and ended on the Kyser Brickway near the center of campus. Students came together as a community to celebrate Martin Luther King Jr., stand up for equality and protest against intolerance.
“There are plenty of people in today’s society where we are all fighting for one thing whether it’s the right to marry, right to be a citizen, et cetera,” said JaKayla Lee, a student that attended the march. “Everyone deserves to be heard, and it is so important to stand up for something you believe in.”
Other students agreed that the march was important in more ways than one. The march itself held significance for the students that attended, whether for personal reasons or just to be more involved.
“I decided to attend the march to pay tribute to Martin Luther King and to be more involved on campus,” said student Kayla Smith. “I think of all of the things Martin Luther King did and all the fearless moves he made for us to come together as one.”
Others mentioned the uplifting experience of being surrounded by other students.
“The cause does influence me in a way,” Lee said. “It was very uplifting to be surrounded by my community, and we felt stronger together.”
Student Brianna Fife believes that days celebrating impactful people in history such as this should be discussed more in school.
“Martin Luther King Jr. Day is extremely important, and it should be talked about more because whether people believe it or not, racism is everywhere. It happens every day to anyone,” said Fife.
Photo by Brianna Fife.
Feb 6, 2019 The Current Sauce
Two cafés open door of opportunity in NatchitochesTré Nelson still has things to say
Guns: An American phenomenon
We must #resist in Baton Rouge together
5 months ago News
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Who’s Coming to OSS
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Featured Keynote Speakers
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Current Sponsor Information
August 21 - 23, 2019 | Hilton San Diego Bayfront | #ossummit
REGISTERBECOME A SPONSORVIEW THE SCHEDULE
Open Source Summit connects the open source ecosystem under one roof. It’s a unique environment for cross-collaboration between developers, sysadmins, devops, architects and others who are driving technology forward.
Join over 2,000 developers, technologists and industry experts in an exchange of ideas on the latest trends in open source and open collaboration, how to navigate the open source landscape, and how open source is shaping innovation.
Attendees have a variety of ways to collaborate and share ideas with their peers, learning how to help create richer open source communities, growing your technical skills, hacking together in the developer lounge, and much more.
2019 Keynote Speakers
Dr. Nicole Forsgren
Research and Strategist, Google Cloud
Dr. Nicole Forsgren does research and strategy at Google Cloud following the acquisition of her startup DevOps Research and Assessment (DORA) by Google. She is co-author of the book Accelerate: The Science of Lean Software and DevOps, and is best known for her work measuring the technology process and as the lead investigator on the largest DevOps studies to date. She has been an entrepreneur, professor, sysadmin, and performance engineer. Nicole’s work has been published in several peer-reviewed journals. Nicole earned her PhD in Management Information Systems from the University of Arizona, and is a Research Affiliate at Clemson University and Florida International University.
Christina Dunbar- Hester
Faculty Member, USC’s Annenberg School for Communication and Journalism
Christina Dunbar-Hester is a faculty member at the University of Southern California’s Annenberg School for Communication and Journalism. She is the author of the forthcoming Hacking Diversity: The Politics of Inclusion in Open Technology Cultures (Princeton University Press), an ethnographic exploration of advocacy to address diversity issues in open technology communities like hackerspaces and open source software. She is also the author of Low Power to the People: Pirates, Protest, and Politics in FM Radio Activism (MIT Press, 2014), which examines activism to promote local community radio even in a “digital” age (and was the co-winner of the 2014 McGannon Award for Social and Ethical Relevance in Communications Technology Research). She holds a Ph.D. in Science & Technology Studies from Cornell University.
Michele Gelfand
Distinguished Professor, University of Maryland
Michele Gelfand is a Distinguished University Professor at the University of Maryland, College Park. Gelfand uses field, experimental, computational, and neuroscience methods to understand the evolution of culture--as well as its multilevel consequences for human groups. Her work has been cited over 20,000 times and has been featured in the Washington Post, the New York Times, the Boston Globe, National Public Radio, Voice of America, Fox News, NBC News, ABC News, The Economist, De Standard, among other outlets.
Greg Kroah-Hartman
Linux Kernel Developer & Fellow, The Linux Foundation
Greg is among a distinguished group of software developers who maintain Linux at the kernel level. In his role as Linux Foundation Fellow, he continues his work as the maintainer for the Linux stable kernel branch and a variety of subsystems while working in a fully neutral environment.
Jeff Clune
Senior Research Manager (Staff Scientist) in Uber AI Labs.
Jeff Clune is the Loy and Edith Harris Associate Professor in Computer Science at the University of Wyoming and a Senior Research Manager and founding member of Uber AI Labs, which was formed after Uber acquired a startup he helped lead. Jeff focuses on robotics and training deep neural networks via deep learning, including deep reinforcement learning. Since 2015, he co-authored a robotics paper on the cover of Nature and a deep learning paper on the cover of the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, he won an NSF CAREER award, his deep learning papers were awarded honors (best paper awards and/or oral presentations) at the top machine learning conferences (NeurIPS, CVPR, ICLR, and ICML), and he was an invited speaker at many universities and machine learning events. His research is regularly covered in the press, including the New York Times, NPR, NBC, Wired, the BBC, the Economist, Science, Nature, National Geographic, the Atlantic, and the New Scientist. Prior to becoming a professor, he was a Research Scientist at Cornell University and received degrees from Michigan State University (PhD, master’s) and the University of Michigan (bachelor’s).
Kairan Quazi
Student & Research Collaborator, Intel Labs
Kairan Quazi is a Research Collaborator with Intel Labs’ Anticipatory Computing Lab. His current project is focused on the next generation development of the Stephen Hawking ACAT. In the fall, Kairan will be entering 5th grade and his 2nd year at Las Positas College, where he is working toward his Associate degree in Mathematics. Kairan is an extroverted learner with a passion for current events and all things STEM. He is an advanced Python programmer with proficiency in over 12 coding languages and interfaces. He also enjoys reading, gaming, collecting Pokémon cards, traveling, and making friends. Kairan is a Davidson Institute Young Scholar and a member of the Johns Hopkins Study of Exceptional Talent. Kairan has been featured on Good Morning America, Huffington Post, San Francisco Chronicle, and numerous local and international media outlets. You can follow his adventures by subscribing to his YouTube vlog, “Kairan Quazi - Let’s Go Molecular!”, and via Twitter (KairanQuazi1) and Instagram (thepythonkairan).
Jim Zemlin
Executive Director, The Linux Foundation
Jim's career spans three of the largest technology trends to rise over the last decade: mobile computing, cloud computing and open source software. Today, as executive director of The Linux Foundation, he uses this experience to accelerate innovation in technology through the use of open source and Linux. At The Linux Foundation, Jim works with the world’s largest technology companies, including IBM, Intel, Google, Samsung, Qualcomm, and others to help define the future of computing on the server, in the cloud, and on a variety of new mobile computing devices. His work at the vendor-neutral Linux Foundation gives him a unique and aggregate perspective on the global technology industry. Jim has been recognized for his insights on the changing economics of the technology industry. His writing has appeared in Businessweek, Wired, and other top technology journals, and he is a regular keynote speaker at industry events. He advises a variety of startups, including Splashtop, and sits on the boards of the Global Economic Symposium, Open Source For America, and Chinese Open Source Promotion Union.
Imad Sousou
Corporate Vice President, General Manager, System Software Products, Intel
Imad Sousou is Corporate Vice President at Intel and General Manager of System Software. He is responsible for the company’s efforts in system firmware and BIOS, operating systems (Microsoft Windows, Linux, Google Chrome, and others), data-centric infrastructure system software such as orchestration, virtualization, runtimes (Java, web platform), and big data analytics. Additionally, Imad is responsible for overall system software stacks for uses from cloud to edge to device and leads Intel efforts enabling operating system vendors, cloud service providers, and system software partners. Previously, Imad was General Manager of the Intel Open Source Technology Center, an industry-leading open source organization he founded in 2001.
2018 Keynote Videos
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There is something for everyone
Open Source Summit North America 2019 will feature more than 300 sessions, lightning talks, tutorials, workshops, labs and a host of co-located events. Review a few of the schedule highlights below!
AI & Analytics
AI, deep learning, machine learning, and data science are on the rise, rapidly transforming the way businesses operate. Learn how companies are leveraging open source AI projects to solve complex problems and accelerate innovation.
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Three new tracks offering introductory level content across Cloud Administration, Linux Administration and Embedded Development Essentials. The goal of these tracks is to help those new to open source gain fundamental knowledge in one of these core areas.
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A variety of perspectives and experiences are critical for open source collaboration. Join in on interactive workshops, panel discussions, and sessions that help advance diversity, inclusion, and social innovation in the open source community.
Infrastructure & Automation
Learn best practices to take your development and deployment to the next level with these expert sessions focused on CI/CD, DevOps, virtualization, monitoring, and reliability.
This new track aims to provide important coverage on a variety of safety & security related topics including code security, safety certification, automating security alerts, privacy, authentication and the use of open source in safety critical applications.
Linux Systems
Take a deep dive into Linux with these technical sessions from Linux core developers and maintainers. Get the latest on new kernel features to enhance performance and security of the world’s largest collaborative software project.
TODO/Open Source Program Management
Open source programs enable us to use, contribute to, and maintain, thousands of projects. These programs face many challenges, such as ensuring high-quality and frequent releases, engaging with developer communities, and contributing back to other projects effectively. Everyone benefits when best practices and lessons learned are shared openly, which will be done in this track.
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What Goes Into Designing an Award-winning Book Cover?
For these 50 Books 50 Covers winning designers, it’s all about bold typography, texture, and a ton of wit
Liz Stinson
Cover designs by Angelo Bottino and Fernanda Mello
When it comes to judging books by their covers, we’re pretty much experts (hey, it’s sort of our job). But we’re far from the only ones casting discerning glances at the jackets that filled the local bookstore. Every year, AIGA and Design Observer put out a call for the best in book design from the past year for the 50 Books 50 Covers competition, and a small jury selects its favorites.
This year’s winning covers are a varied bunch. Some covers play with typography; others use photography as a graphic statement; some are stark declarations, and others make bold and brash use of color. What all of them have in common is a sense of cleverness and taste that might make you feel ok about buying books solely for how they’ll look on your shelf.
We asked three of the winners for the scoop on their cover designs. Because, yes, book covers are full of stories, too.
Final cover design by James Jones
James Jones, How Democracy Ends
“The brief for the cover came from the brilliant art director Peter Dyer. It was quite open, allowing me to explore different ideas. The main thing mentioned was to make use of the strong title—utilizing bold typography and being confident with the overall approach. For me it’s about creating something original. But being original doesn’t require being the first to do it. It just means being different and better.
“My original ideas always come from reading the initial brief and manuscript. My working practice has changed quite a bit since making the move full-time freelance. Sometimes these ideas end up in the final selection, but mostly they are the beginnings of a jump off point into more research and other avenues to explore. What got me excited about this book was when I read the line: ‘Nothing lasts forever. At some point democracy was always going to disappear into the annals of history. They would not have expected it to happen in their lifetimes. Very few would have thought it might be taking place before their eyes.’ It was that final line that really struck a chord with me creatively. How could I represent the end happening before their eyes?
“Being original doesn’t require being the first to do it. It just means being different and better.”
“To begin ‘realizing the end,’ I started playing around with the idea of the text coming to an abrupt stop. Ideas ranged from the title fading out with the title being made of tiny voting crosses: placing some confrontational looking crosses over the final line; having a cross over the entire title. But it was whilst sketching these ideas out that I began to think about actually ripping a page or even the book to communicate the idea best.
Killed cover design by James Jones
“If possible I always prefer to try and actually create the idea myself, rather than using a sourced image. I knew instantly I needed the impact of the real thing for this idea. I used one of my old sketchbooks, but it just didn’t have the right feel. Maybe it was due to the dimensions. The black also seemed a little too brutal, so I sacrificed a book I’d just finished reading, The Art of Thinking Clearly by Rolf Dobelli. I can’t tell you how hard it was to bloody rip the thing! This turned out to be the book we went with. I played around with where the rip should go in my mind, so I’d printed off the title and placed it over the book to scale to make sure the rip aligned over half of the ‘Ends’ of the title. Once ripped, I photographed each book in my studio and then transferred this over to Photoshop where I removed the previous books title, and added my typography. I went for quite a bold headline feel to the type, as if this was a message for the masses.
“I needed to strike a fine balance between the idea and not making it look too cheesy or obvious. At first there was something missing. It was only when I realized I needed to show the text from the pages underneath that the whole cover came together. I typeset the first initial paragraph with the line that inspired the design, and had that peak through the rip underneath. At first, I wanted the cover to be shown as a whole, with the ripped book in the middle of the cover with space around. It was Peter’s idea to take the cover full bleed, to give it that impact that is was the actual book being read that has been ripped. That was the final piece that was needed to help elevate the cover beyond the typical political book.”
Final cover design bt Angelo Bottino and Fernanda Mello
Angelo Bottino and Fernanda Mello, Carne Crua
“Rubem Fonseca is one of the most celebrated and influential writers of Brazil. For his new book of short stories, the publisher decided to go for a new design, too, despite the fact that Fonseca’s other books use a series-like, standard scheme. The very words used by Nova Fronteira editor Adriana Torres to describe its content were ‘strong texts, some violent, and others talking about sex in an almost pornographic way.’
“The first obstacle was to represent all of the different plots, characters, and settings, as is the case with most short stories collections. We settled for choosing one of the stories to work from, backed up by the writer’s choice of doing the same for the book title. Carne Crua, meaning “raw meat” in Portuguese, talks about a man who develops an uncanny preference for uncooked beef as soon as he was weaned off breast milk. Eventually, the narrative comes to cannibalism, which is a tough thing to portray without shocking sensitive audiences.
“We were looking for a straight-on headshot of a woman wrapped in cling film.”
“Our first idea never made it to InDesign. It was a variation of those butcher charts and, as a good wild and inhibition-free brainstorm concept, was dumped right after we started the criticism. Creatively speaking, the harsh and gritty text prompted the possibility of doing something more bold and daring, maybe even brutalist, more akin to one of our current visual interests.
Killed cover design by Angelo Bottino and Fernanda Mello
“The main character’s first human victim was a widow, which sparked the idea of depicting a tray of minced meat that only upon close examination revealed itself to be a red and white yarn knitted piece. Even though this seemed to be a clever concept at first, it lacked the visceral and rough aspect of the book. We thought something ordinary like a consumer good or retail product had a welcome irony, so we experimented with a man’s hand on a plastic tray. That turned out to be too descriptive.
“This is when we tested with the photo of the wrapped woman’s head tightly framed and everything clicked into place. We realized we didn’t need the styrene tray. The low-resolution typography, hard-edged like the book content, with the other elements grouped in the label over the image were enough to convey the idea. Due to various reasons, but usually related to tight deadlines and budgets, it’s not common for us to commission a photographer for book covers. Luckily, we came across this breathtaking (no pun intended) image by Camila Massu on Getty Images. We were looking for a straight-on headshot of a woman wrapped in cling film and, among all the others we found, this one felt particularly right because, besides being direct, arresting and distressing, it has a certain serene, peaceful quality. This and the total absence of gore suited our goal of doing something a bit wry, almost pertinent to everyday life.”
Final cover design by Jason Ramirez
Jason Ramirez, Frankenstein in Baghdad
“Frankenstein in Baghdad happened to be my second project with the same editor, by an Iraqi author whose book addressed the Iraq War from an Iraqi perspective. Fiction that details the gruesome effects of war is a challenge to package. The cover for the first book, The Corpse Exhibition, ended up being a purely typographic design. So for this novel, the design brief was similar: The editor requested a type-driven direction. He also asked that its status (at the time that it was to be published in the U.S.) as the winner of the International Prize for Arabic Fiction be integrated into the design rather than be treated as an unconsidered reading line placed on the cover.
“The book itself is pretty wild. It’s a contemporary retelling of the Frankenstein myth set in U.S.-occupied Baghdad. A local scavenger collects human body parts from the war-torn streets and stitches them together to create a corpse. His goal is for the government to recognize the parts as people who deserve a proper burial. But when the corpse goes missing, a wave of eerie murders sweeps the city, and reports stream in of a horrendous-looking criminal who, though shot, cannot be killed. My original idea came to me after reading the first few pages of the novel: The various elements of text would be ‘stitched’ together to create a cohesive whole, similar to the monster who is essentially a sum of its parts. Initially, I imagined thread weaving in and out of letterforms, but ultimately arrived at the idea of using the title to tie the collection of text together. I love the challenge of creating an all-type cover, and the idea of ‘type-on-type’ thrilled me.
Killed cover design by Jason Ramirez
“The initial cover design is dark and brooding. The bold slab serif typeface is meant to reflect the immovable force of the War and the Monster. The thin serpentine script typeface in a bright red is meant to evoke thread and the act of stitching, as well as the sinuous nature of the biology beneath our skin. I was so smitten with my initial idea that I foolishly did not bother to show any other concepts, just several variations on this one idea. Suffice to say that the concept was promptly and soundly rejected. I remember that my publisher studied the handful of iterations, then looked up at me and asked rhetorically, ‘You cannot read it, can you?’ Not entirely unexpected.
I love the challenge of creating an all-type cover.
“My second concept—what would be the approved cover design—rests on a secondary character in the story: a photographer/journalist for a weekly magazine who follows the murder spree and ultimately encounters and interviews the monster. I imagined torn pieces of paper as the primary vehicle to reinterpret and reimagine the monster as a sum of both his human parts and his spoken words from the interview.
“The dark and brooding background is meant to evoke menace. Engravings of body parts along with English and Arabic typography are superimposed upon graphically rendered pieces of paper. The title and author name are composed of different bold typefaces and reproduced in a bright neon green ink—a nod to a common representation of Frankenstein in popular imagination. The jagged pieces of paper, intended to mimic news clippings, symbolize not only the pieces of the monster but also the explosive setting in which this dynamic retelling of Frankenstein takes place. The final version best embodied the novel (maybe pun intended). It is a relatively simple composition but with a several layers to provide a bit more context to the story that the other directions may have lacked.”
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When it comes to judging books by their covers, we’re pretty much experts (hey, it’s sort of our job). But…
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HomePosts tagged '13th guest at the Last Supper'
13th guest at the Last Supper
Friday The 13th, Part Two.
March 13, 2015 January 30, 2015 fasab Current Events, Factoids, Numbers, Phobias, Unusual 13 eyewitnesses, 13 guests, 13 hours, 13th floor, 13th guest at the Last Supper, 19th century, 20th century, airports, Alfred Hitchcock, amuse guests, Apollo 13, attending business meetings, author, avoiding traveling, bandit, betrayed Jesus, Bible, biography, born on Friday August 13 1926, box office, BoxOfficeMojo.com, brains, Butch Cassidy, buy or sell stocks, Colorado, composer, contrary, Cornell University, Crawford "Cherokee Bill" Goldsby, Cuban leader, Current Events, Curtis Hotel, Denver, die in traffic accidents, dinner party, director, directorial debut movie, dun dun dunnnnn, education, elevator shaft, Entertainment, explosion, fact, facts, fear of Friday the 13th, fear of the number 13, feature film, Fidel Castro, film franchise, financial problems, Finland, first reference, Franklin D Roosevelt, Friday 13th, Friday 13th Part Two, Friday the Thirteenth, Fridays, friggatriskaidekaphobia, gallows with 13 steps, gate 13, gimmick, Herbert Hoover, hide under their duvet, hospitals, hotels, independent horror movie, information, lucky, lucky number, making large purchases, moviegoers, movies, murdered 13 victims, New York Times article, newspaper, no written evidence, normal business, novel, number 13, number of full moons in a year, Oklahoma, origin, outlaw, outlaws, Pagans, paraskevidekatriaphobia, professional 14th guest, psychological thrillers, psychology, quatorzieme, remembering the good old days, reward of $1300, Rossini, scientific name, skyscrapers, Spanish-speaking nations, stock broker, stock brokers, stockbroker's attempts to take down Wall Street, strong fear, superstition, superstitious diners in Paris, The Mirror, Thomas Gilovich, Thomas W Lawson, travel on the 13th day of any month, triskadekaphobia, Tuesday The 13th, unluckiest day of the month, unlucky connection, unlucky Friday 13th, US president, walk under a ladder, women
What do you know, it’s Friday 13th AGAIN.
Second one in two months and there will be another in November 2015 too.
How lucky is that?
Well, I guess not so lucky if you suffer from paraskevidekatriaphobia (also known as friggatriskaidekaphobia), which is a fear of Friday the 13th, or even triskadekaphobia which is the scientific name given to a fear of the number 13 itself.
It shouldn’t be that much of a surprise really. The longest period that can occur without a Friday the 13th is 14 months, and every year has at least one and sometimes, like this year, three Friday the 13ths.
There is no written evidence for a “Friday the 13th” superstition before the 19th century, the first reference to an unlucky Friday the 13th coming in an 1869 biography of the composer Rossini who died on Friday November 13, 1868.
The superstition only gained widespread distribution in the 20th century, although the origin is believed to have come from the Bible, the association stemming from the idea that the 13th guest at the Last Supper was the one who betrayed Jesus prior to his death, which occurred on a Friday.
Hotels, skyscrapers and even hospitals have been known to skip out on creating a 13th floor due to its unlucky connection and even airports sometimes quietly omit gate 13. The Curtis Hotel in Denver, Colorado, on the other hand uses the superstition as a gimmick to amuse guests by playing the “dun, dun, dunnnnn!!” theme in the elevator shaft for guests as they arrive on the 13th floor.
Sometimes research seems to add weight to the superstition. A study in Finland, for example, has shown that women are more likely to die in traffic accidents on Friday the 13th than on other Fridays.
And, according to a report from U.K.’s newspaper, The Mirror, 72 percent of United Kingdom residents have claimed to have had bad luck experiences Friday the 13th. The readers polled admitted to avoiding traveling, attending business meetings and making large purchases on this unlucky day, with 34 percent admitting to wanting to “hide under their duvet” for the upcoming dates. The study did not speculate if their luck would have been better if they had gone about their normal business!
Former US President Franklin D. Roosevelt had a strong fear of the number 13 and refused to host a dinner party with 13 guests or to travel on the 13th day of any month. US President Herbert Hoover had similar fears.
Maybe he did what superstitious diners in Paris do – hire a quatorzieme, or professional 14th guest.
I don’t think Cuban leader Fidel Castro had the same fears because he was born on Friday, August 13,1926, as was the celebrated outlaw Butch Cassidy (born on. Friday, April 13,1866).
Speaking of outlaws, Oklahoma bandit Crawford “Cherokee Bill” Goldsby murdered 13 victims, and was captured after a reward of $1300 was posted. At his trial, 13 eyewitnesses testified against him, the jury took 13 hours to render a verdict of guilty. He was hanged on April 13,1896 on a gallows with 13 steps!
Stock broker and author Thomas W. Lawson, wrote a novel in 1907 entitled “Friday the Thirteenth,” about a stockbroker’s attempts to take down Wall Street on the unluckiest day of the month. Reportedly, stock brokers after this were as unlikely to buy or sell stocks on this unlucky day as they were to walk under a ladder, according to accounts of a 1925 New York Times article.
The independent horror movie Friday the 13th was released in May 1980 and despite only having a budget of $550,000 it grossed $39.7million at the box office in the United States – not unlucky for it’s backers. In fact the “Friday the 13th” film franchise continues to sweep up its box-office competition. According to BoxOfficeMojo.com, the dozen films named after the haunted holiday have raked in more than $380 million nationally, with an average gross of $31 million per feature.
Another director noted for his suspenseful psychological thrillers, Alfred Hitchcock, was born on the Friday 13th in August 1899, although he also had a run in with bad luck on that date too when his directorial debut movie called “Number 13,” never made it past the first few scenes and was shut down due to financial problems. He is supposed to have said that the film wasn’t very interesting. We’ll never know!
Also with movies in mind there was a feature film based on the unlucky events of Apollo 13, launched on 13:13 CST, April 11,1970, which barely escaped becoming a doomed flight when an explosion disabled the craft occurring on April 13th (not a Friday in case you are interested).
According to Thomas Gilovich, chair of Psychology at Cornell University, our brains are known to make associations with Friday 13th in a way that would give favor to the “bad luck” myths. He explains this by saying that “if anything bad happens to you on Friday the 13th, the two will be forever associated in your mind and all those uneventful days in which the 13th fell on a Friday will be ignored.” It’s a bit like remembering the good old days and forgetting the bad ones!
Always contrary, pagans believe that 13 is actually a lucky number since it corresponds with the number of full moons in a year and in Spanish-speaking nations, Tuesday The 13th is regarded as unlucky rather than Friday!
So I guess you just have to make up your own mind whether you believe Friday 13th is unlucky or not.
I’m hoping of course that the fact that you have landed on this blog today is good luck rather than bad.
It was good luck for me, please call again.
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Jack Thomas
President, Western Illinois University
Jack Thomas was named the 11th president of Western Illinois University (WIU) in 2011. As President, Thomas leads an institution that serves approximately 12,000 students through its traditional, residential four-year campus in Macomb, Illinois, and its metropolitan campus in the Quad Cities/Moline, Illinois. WIU offers 66 undergraduate degree programs and 37 graduate degree programs, has over 700 faculty members, and has an annual budget of over $220 million. Under his leadership, Western Illinois University continues to be ranked as a “Best Midwestern College” and as a “Best Regional University” by The Princeton Review and U.S. News and World Report, respectively. Western Illinois University also continues to be named a “Military Friendly School” by GI Jobs Magazine. During Thomas’ tenure, numerous programs and initiatives have been established and improved, including increased partnerships with international universities and embassies, additional scholarship funding, the Western Commitment Scholarship and the Centennial Honors College Scholarship programs, a mentoring program designed to improve retention, and an enhanced honors college. Additionally, numerous academic programs have been established, highly selective and extraordinary signature academic programs have been identified and Western’s First Year Experience has undergone an extensive revision. Western Illinois University continues to improve its facilities under Thomas’ guidance, including the renovation of the Three-Dimensional Art Facility, Corbin/Olson and Thompson residence halls, and science labs. Other projects on the Macomb Campus include the remodeling of the University Union, the installation of new turf on Hanson Field, and enhancing the landscaping and lighting throughout the campus, which includes a new grand entrance to the campus. Through Western’s beautification project, the Macomb campus was designated a Tree Campus USA by the Arbor Foundation. Under Thomas’ leadership, Phases I and II of the Quad Cities Riverfront Campus have opened.
Previously, Thomas served as WIU’s provost and academic vice president. While serving at the academic helm, the University established new degree programs in nursing, engineering, museum studies, anthropology, and religious studies. As a strong proponent of mentoring young faculty from diverse backgrounds, Thomas has established under-represented dissertation and post-doctorate fellowships, visiting professorships, young scholar initiatives, and other programs that support their professional development. Thomas earned a Bachelor of Arts in English from Alabama A & M University, a Master of English Education from Virginia State University, and a Ph.D. in English (Literature and Criticism) from Indiana University of Pennsylvania. Prior to his tenure at WIU, Thomas served as senior vice provost for Academic Affairs and interim dean at Middle Tennessee State University. Thomas has also served in various capacities at other universities including interim president, executive vice president, associate vice president for academic and student affairs, executive assistant to the president, chair of the department of english and modern languages, coordinator of freshman english, and assistant track coach.
Thomas’ love for education and the development of excellence among his students has been evident throughout his career. He is a noted scholar and lecturer appearing as a keynote speaker presenting his research and inspirational messages locally, nationally, and internationally. Thomas has numerous publications and professional presentations. His most recent publication is a book titled, “Within These Gates: Academic Work, Academic Leadership, University Life, and the Presidency.” His research focuses on Black males in literature. He served as the editor and founder of Image: The Scholars Release Journal, Men and Women of Color which showcases writers, poets, and artists. Thomas’ fathomless energy spreads beyond the confines of the academy. He gives many hours to the community, both educationally and personally, serving on numerous boards and committees, and is very active in church. He also has membership in Sigma Pi Phi, Phi Kappa Phi, Sigma Tau Delta, and many other organizations.
In addition, Thomas is a member of the Illinois Board of Higher Education and serves on the American Association of State Colleges and Universities’ (AASCU) Board of Directors. He is a member of the NCAA Presidential Forum and chairs the NCAA Accelerating Academic Success Program Board. Thomas has served as an American Council on Education Fellow, is a graduate of the Harvard Leadership Program and the Leadership Middle Tennessee Program, a Kellogg-NAFEO Fellow, and participated in the Salzburg Seminar in Salzburg, Austria. Thomas is married to the former Linda Goldsmith of Fort Deposit, Alabama, and they have two sons, Patrick and Darius.
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Deontay Wilder says you can keep the fame, he’s out for ‘generational wealth’
NEW YORK – In the aftermath of their dramatic draw, more chatter was centered on Tyson Fury getting off the canvas twice than it was on Deontay Wilder putting him there. It’s the ongoing battle for respect that Wilder has dealt with since turning pro after the 2008 Olympics.
Though Wilder (40-0-1, 39 knockouts) is making the ninth defense of the WBC heavyweight title this Saturday against Dominic Breazeale, he’s still struggling to earn the recognition that being an American heavyweight champion typically has conferred. Still, that doesn’t seem to bother him much.
“I don’t care about who knows me or what; all I care about is them kids. I have seven children that I love dearly,” Wilder said at Tuesday’s media workout at Gleason’s Gym. Wilder, who had gone from working at Burger King to earning Olympic bronze, says he’s more interested in passing down “generational wealth.”
Fame? Who needs it.
“You can ask the most famous person if it’s a blessing or a curse, and I’ll guarantee you they’ll tell you it’s a curse because they can’t move, they can’t go nowhere, because people put people on high pedestals. If God came down, people wouldn’t know what to do, but if someone touched someone like Michael Jackson’s hand, they’ll cry, fall down to their knees — and it shouldn’t be that way; it should be the opposite way around,” said Wilder.
“So I don’t care about who knows me or not, as long as I accomplish my goals and dreams. And when I die, my kids will be proud of me. That’s all I care about.”
Wilder’s generous mood sours once the topic turns to his opponent, a mandatory challenger and Class of ’12 Olympian with whom he’s been feuding since a 2017 hotel altercation in Alabama. Breazeale’s lone defeat came in 2016 against Anthony Joshua in the Californian’s previous attempt at a world title belt, a fact not lost on Wilder.
“He’s at the bottom,” Wilder said when asked where Breazeale (20-1, 18 KOs) rates among his title challengers. “He don’t belong in the ring with me. He don’t belong in the ring with any elite athlete. When he got in the ring with one athlete, he got knocked out; he’s gonna do the same on Saturday night.
“He’s like a fly in my ear. I’m gonna get him out of there and it’s gonna be in dramatic fashion — in a fashion no one has ever seen.”
Wilder, 33, can be a tough guy to characterize. In the same interview, he said “love is the key to the world” and then in the next breath said “I’m still trying to get me a body on my record.”
When asked by one reporter if he was concerned that his frequent talk of wanting to kill an opponent in the ring was in poor taste, Wilder argued that nothing he said was out of step with the nature of boxing.
“This is a brutal sport; this is not a gentlemen’s sport,” said Wilder. “Anybody can go. And on this particular time we have bad blood against each other. This is the only sport where you can kill a man and get paid for it. It’s all legal, so why not use my right to do so?”
Breazeale, also 33, is larger than Wilder, typically coming in at 250+ pounds, but hasn’t inspired many to pick him to pull the upset as a +550 underdog with one betting parlor. When asked for a prediction, Wilder said he’d be surprised if the fight went longer than three rounds while assistant trainer Mark Breland, who views Breazeale as a football player first who lacks heart, raised two fingers.
Breazeale has said that he would end Wilder’s career, which, while going beyond the bounds of attaining victory, is still tame in comparison.
Photo by Amanda Westcott/SHOWTIME
The conversation in the media scrum turned toward the question of if – and when – Wilder would meet Fury again, or Joshua to bring together all four major belts. It’s a complex matter which becomes even more complicated by the nuanced implications of the fighters’ promotional and broadcast ties, with Fury now co-promoted by Top Rank and fighting on ESPN next, and Joshua’s fights being shown on DAZN in the States.
Wilder (who is aligned with PBC and Showtime) rejected big money offers from both rival platforms, with his co-manager Shelly Finkel suggesting to the LA Times they’d be worth more after getting their mandatory out of the way.
Three top heavyweights, all undefeated with legitimate claims to the heavyweight championship, and none are fighting each other next. Some fan frustration is to be expected, but Wilder is asking fans to be wait a while longer.
“It don’t frustrate me at all. Especially with Fury, I understand. I gave Fury a concussion and I made him lose his memory. If he feels he beat me by a wild margin, it’s easy. Why not rematch?,” said Wilder.
“With Joshua, I tried to fight him five times. Now that he has no options, he has nowhere to go, it’s all of a sudden smoke and mirrors. The thing about it, all parties are still talking and the fight will happen.”
Fighting either would go a long way toward accruing that “generational wealth” Wilder is interested in.
“I want to get them both out the way, so whatever order it comes, it comes. I’m sure you guys will be happy.”
Ryan Songalia is a member of the Boxing Writers Association of America and part of the Craig Newmark Graduate School of Journalism Class of 2020. He can be reached at ryansongalia@gmail.com. Follow him on Twitter at @ryansongalia.
The post Deontay Wilder says you can keep the fame, he’s out for ‘generational wealth’ appeared first on The Ring.
The Ring Archives: Born on this day: Joe Louis – part two
Naoya Inoue ‘excited’ to be fighting for Ring Magazine championship against Emmanuel Rodriguez
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Experts say Australia should develop nuclear weapons in response to China’s increasing power
Australia should consider the 'difficult and uncomfortable' question of developing its own nuclear weapons because it can no longer rely on America for protection, experts...
Chilling London gang war pictures as rapper lies dead in pool of blood
A RAPPER lies dead in a pool of blood – a victim of a gang war gripping London.
Craig “Smallz” Small was shot in the head at point-blank range outside a chicken shop.
Chilling footage obtained by the Daily Star Sunday shows the dad of three earlier standing alone before a hooded gunman rushes up and opens fire, leaving him dying on the street.
Onlookers watched in horror as paramedics tried to save him.
No arrests have yet been made over the 32-year-old’s killing.
The murder is the latest in a bloody war sweeping north-west London.
A spate of shootings and stabbings allegedly escalated last month when rapper Nines was stabbed in the face in a suspected ambush in Maida Vale.
Tonight, a source told how “all hell” had broken out.
He said: “There’s been at least a dozen hits – shootings, stabbings. North-west London is a war zone.”
Nines, who has been nominated for MOBO Award previously and whose first album One Foot Out was a top-four hit in the UK charts – was taken to hospital with stab wounds to his face.
The attack on June 1 was alleged to reignite a long-running feud between gangs.
It came 11 years after his older brother Wayne, aka rapper Zino, was shot dead in a suspected gangland hit.
Wayne was a leading member of the Church Road Soldiers, a feared Harlesden gang also known as Crime Scene Boyz and Ice City Boyz.
Another clip seen by our reporters but since taken down by YouTube showed a man lying motionless on the floor after being stabbed in nearby Willesden. The victim is believed to be a rapper known as CS, a member of the ER crew from Kilburn, north-west London.
His alleged attackers film the victim as one says: “Look at that p****y. You got shanked up. Look at your back.”
Several gangs are at war on the streets.
Craig Small was believed to be close to the Suspect Gang, also known as UK rap crew USG, from the Stonebridge estate. He featured on rapper K Koke’s song Bizzy on his YouTube channel in 2017, which got nearly two million views.
Our source claimed: “Smallz was shot in the head. His killer knew where he was and what he was doing. It was a gangland hit, pure and simple.
“He was aligned to USG – the Stonebridge boys who’ve been feuding with Ice City.
“There’s about four or five crews in the area. They all rap and all dis each other with their lyrics, but it’s not just talk. Men get hurt, men get murdered.”
Just 48 hours after Craig was killed, Kwasi-Mensah Ababio, 26, was shot and killed in a park near Wembley stadium. Police believe last Sunday’s attack was a case of mistaken identity.
The graduate was working as a steward at Wembley Stadium. Alhassan Jalloh, 20, and Karlos Gracia, 22, both of Stonebridge Park, have been charged with murder.
More from NewsMore posts in News »
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POI of the day - Prague John Lennon Wall
The Burj Khalifa skyscraper is a world-class destination and the magnificent centerpiece of Downtown Dubai, was named...
The Burj Khalifa skyscraper is a world-class destination and the magnificent centerpiece of Downtown Dubai, was named so in honor of President of the United Arab Emirates, Sheikh Khalifa bin Zayd. Measuring 828 meters of the building is the tallest skyscraper in the world. The building has 163 floors utility. The cost of construction is $ 1.5 billion. Burj Khalifa has 240 floors. The designers of the building can boast of more than a thousand apartments, 37 floors of offices and 160 hotel rooms designed by Armani. The lower floor is the hotel Armani, on floors 19 through 108 are located 900 private apartments and on the top floors containing offices and luxury apartments. On the 124-floor skyscraper (442 meters above the ground!), Placed the observation deck at the top. Whisks tourists there two floors, the fastest elevator in the world (18 m / sec). The skyscraper will find, among others, Swimming Pool (76 floor) and a mosque (158 floor).
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Adults 125.00 - 150.00 AED
Students 95.00 - 120.00 AED
The largest shopping mall in the world. It is part of the 20-billion-dollar Downtown Dubai complex, and includes...
The largest shopping mall in the world. It is part of the 20-billion-dollar Downtown Dubai complex, and includes 1,200 shops. A must if you've come to Dubai for shopping or entertainment.
https://api.cityguidetour.com/data/5/pois/53/photos/1_400.jpg https://en.cityguidetour.com/dubai/the-dubai-mall
One of the largest and most beautiful in the world fountains! The fountain is installed on 30 - acre Burj Khalifa...
One of the largest and most beautiful in the world fountains! The fountain is installed on 30 - acre Burj Khalifa Lake, and streams of water shooting at a height of 154 meters, which is equal to the height of 50-storey building. The fountain has a length of 275 meters and consists of five circles of different sizes, and two main arcs. The complex was designed by the creators of the Bellagio Fountains in Las Vegas. Fountain in Dubai gives you a show every day, the repertoire provides for, among others, Sama Dubai, Baba Yetu, an award-winning song in Swahili, the best-selling dance track Shik Shak Shok and track world famous Italian tenor Andrea Bocelli, Con Te Partiró.More than 6,600 lights and 25 color projectors create a visual spectacle. The light beam directed upward is visible even at the height of 30 kilometers. It was built at a cost of USD $218 million.
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These artificial islands have everything you need to enjoy a wonderful holiday adventure, amazing tourist...
These artificial islands have everything you need to enjoy a wonderful holiday adventure, amazing tourist attractions, luxury fashion centers and shopping malls. Heap island began in 2002. The island has an exclusive character, with numerous tourist attractions, luxury hotels and apartments, size 5x5 km and 75 km of coastline. Near the island two fighters F-100 were sunk. They serve as a basis for coral reef creation, and eventually become a tourist attraction for scuba divers.
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POI always available
The multi-level shopping center currently features more than 560 international brands, more than 700 stores, eleven...
The multi-level shopping center currently features more than 560 international brands, more than 700 stores, eleven anchor stores with a total gross leasable area (GLA) of over 234000 sqm including department stores, fashion, lifestyle, sports, electronics and home furnishing outlets.
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Dubai Aquarium & Underwater Zoo
. Dubai has the largest aquarium in the world. Interestingly, it is located in a shopping center. In aquarium you can...
. Dubai has the largest aquarium in the world. Interestingly, it is located in a shopping center. In aquarium you can admire the amazing underwater world standing before the world's largest acrylic glass, measuring 32.9 meters wide, 8.3 meters high and up to 7.5 cm thick. You can see more than 30,000 animals! In Aquarium and Underwater Zoo in Dubai does not have to be limited to the passive viewing animals through the glass. You can, among other things dive with sharks, as well as play with likeable otters. The resort organizes a lot of events, entertainment and education, during which tourists can greatly expand their knowledge about the mysterious depths of the sea.
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Adults 70.00 AED
Students 55.00 AED
Gold Souk
A glimmering miracle. Traditional bazaar, located in the heart of the commercial center of the city, in the district...
A glimmering miracle. Traditional bazaar, located in the heart of the commercial center of the city, in the district of Deira. Tradition markets with gold products in Dubai dating back to the 40s of the twentieth century, when entrepreneurs (mainly from India and Iran) began en masse to come here and sell their wares. Gold Souk is one of the most famous trade fair, known throughout the country and beyond its borders. You can buy most of all articles of gold. Countless markets suggests jewelery literally in any form. It is mainly an exclusive jewelry, manufactured by the best craftsmen and artists in Dubai. Especially magically Gold Souk looks in the evenings, when the setting sun and the lamplight is reflected in precious objects.
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Burj Al Arab (Wieża Arabów) jest jedynym na świecie hotelem 7 gwiazdkowym zaprojektowanym na podobieństwo żagla,...
Burj Al Arab (Wieża Arabów) jest jedynym na świecie hotelem 7 gwiazdkowym zaprojektowanym na podobieństwo żagla, Burj Al Arab wznosi się na wysokość 321 metrów, dominuje panoramę Dubaju i jest to czwarty najwyższy hotel świecie. Ten majestatyczny budynek to naprawdę jeden z najbardziej znanych symboli Dubaju. Wycieczka do Dubaju nie byłaby kompletna bez zobaczenia tej atrakcji! Jest to jeden z najczęściej fotografowanych i najbardziej luksusowych hoteli na świecie. Imponujące jest jego nocne oświetlenie, które tworzy spektakl kolorów.
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Adults 350.00 AED
Students AED
Dubai Marina is an artificial canal city. It is surrounded by striking buildings JBR. Hence, they offer great views,...
Dubai Marina is an artificial canal city. It is surrounded by striking buildings JBR. Hence, they offer great views, there are sidewalks for walking, and for those who want to see Dubai from the water boat rides are available. It is an interesting experience, both during the day and in the evening. Dubai Marina is the largest marina in the world and is a place of berthing superyachts, there are also a shopping center Dubai Marina Mall. Arranged along the amazing 3.5-kilometer canal marina provides moorings for over five yachts, in an environment that is simply unbeatable. For sailing enthusiasts, the club organizes more and more famous 'Cruising Club' which offers only members the opportunity to meet regional DMYC corners of the deck of the ships.
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Souk Madinat Jumeirah
This atmospheric market specializes in all sorts of souvenirs. You can buy almost everything there - from jewelry by...
This atmospheric market specializes in all sorts of souvenirs. You can buy almost everything there - from jewelry by small souvenirs to the clothes and home furnishings. Choosing the bazaar should prepare for the need to haggle the price. A great spot for anyone who'd like to bring home some presents.
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Dubai Spice Souk
One of Dubai's many Arab-style markets. Strolling through the old, narrow streets traditional bazaars in Deirze, it...
One of Dubai's many Arab-style markets. Strolling through the old, narrow streets traditional bazaars in Deirze, it is worth visiting at Spice Market. It tempts visitors an abundance of smells and flavors. This is where you can buy all sorts of species of fragrant spices, herbs and dried fruits. What is very important: the buyer can, and even should bargain!.
https://api.cityguidetour.com/data/5/pois/62/photos/1_400.jpg https://en.cityguidetour.com/dubai/dubai-spice-souk
Perhaps the most popular beach in Dubai. Take some sunbathing! Soak in the warm sea right by the most luxurious...
Perhaps the most popular beach in Dubai. Take some sunbathing! Soak in the warm sea right by the most luxurious hotels. Well-facilitated.
https://api.cityguidetour.com/data/5/pois/63/photos/1_400.jpg https://en.cityguidetour.com/dubai/jumeirah-beach
Jumeirah Mosque is one of the largest in the whole of Dubai. Moreover, as one of the truly rare, it can be visited by...
Jumeirah Mosque is one of the largest in the whole of Dubai. Moreover, as one of the truly rare, it can be visited by tourists. The second mosque open to non-Muslims is located in Abu Dhabi. The temple was built in the years 1975-1978 at the behest of Sheikh Rashid II ibn Said al Maktoum, then ruler of Dubai. Mosque can accommodate only 1,200 of the faithful, but from the outside it looks really impressive. Architecturally the temple is a reference to Egyptian mosques of the fifteenth century. The square room covered with a dome painted in blue and gold patterns. The columns are smooth, only connecting them to the arches decorated with colorful mosaics and painted pink. Bright walls have only modest decorations. Mosque looks especially beautiful in the evening and at night, because it is decorated with beautiful lighting.
https://api.cityguidetour.com/data/5/pois/64/photos/1_400.jpg https://en.cityguidetour.com/dubai/jumeirah-mosque
Students 0.00 AED
Al Bastakiya
Al Bastakiya district is one of the oldest districts all over Dubai. At the edge of the area after street of...
Al Bastakiya district is one of the oldest districts all over Dubai. At the edge of the area after street of Al-Musalla, there is a cemetery, which formerly was the border of the city. This charming neighborhood of picturesque narrow streets, was probably still in the seventeenth century. In the nineteenth century, they began to settle here, foreign merchants, which attracted attractive terms and conditions. In Al Bastakyia are established art galleries, cafes and offices dealing with the history and culture of the region. In the 90s it carried out a thorough restaurant all buildings in the district, and today it looks really phenomenal.
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Dubai Museum is housed in the historic Al Fahidi Fort, the oldest building in Dubai. The main aim of the museum is to...
Dubai Museum is housed in the historic Al Fahidi Fort, the oldest building in Dubai. The main aim of the museum is to present the traditional lifestyle of the emirate. The museum was opened in the fort in 1971 The purpose of the fort was to protect the city against attacks of hostile neighboring tribes. The oldest tower fort was established in 1787. Over the years of its existence and expansion of the fort served not only as a defensive structure, but also as a palace ruler, garrison and prison. To the museum's collections include items from both the Dubai area, as well as with countries in Asia and Africa, with which Dubai traded. You can also see images showing the lifestyle in the emirate in the days before the discovery of oil here.
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Adults 3.00 AED
The kind of fun you wouldn't expect in Dubai. The ski slope in the Mall of Emirates is one of the most recognizable...
The kind of fun you wouldn't expect in Dubai. The ski slope in the Mall of Emirates is one of the most recognizable icons of Dubai. It has 5 tracks of varying difficulty, the longest of which is 400 m. Inside there is also a snow park size of 3,000 square meters, bearing the title of the world's largest snow park closed you can even meet penguins there.
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Students 170.00 - 275.00 AED
Jumeirah Beach Residence 'The Walk'
Stylish boutiques and restaurants in the fresh air and pleasant promenade along the coast - it's all here at The Walk...
Stylish boutiques and restaurants in the fresh air and pleasant promenade along the coast - it's all here at The Walk in Jumeirah Beach Residences. One of Dubai's lively avenues filled with restaurants, shops and outdoor entertainment.
https://api.cityguidetour.com/data/5/pois/68/photos/1_400.jpg https://en.cityguidetour.com/dubai/jumeirah-beach-residence-the-walk
Aquaventure Water Park
The huge 17-acre Aquaventure water park has been designed so that you need not even leave the water to take advantage...
The huge 17-acre Aquaventure water park has been designed so that you need not even leave the water to take advantage of all its features and attractions. These include the 27.5-meter Leap of Faith - Exit the almost vertical wall of the central ziggurat - the customer is thrown in the lagoon full of marauding sharks. Try to ride on the meter tidal river cascades 2 km long and 300 m, which winds through tropical scenery, or use one of the roller coasters water equipped with tracks ranging master-blaster you higher and higher up. Aquaventure Water Park also has a 700-meter private beach and tidal pool.
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Students 205.00 AED
Mosque features the tallest minaret in all of Dubai acting as not only a religious center but also cultural....
Mosque features the tallest minaret in all of Dubai acting as not only a religious center but also cultural. Originally it founded in 1900. However, after several decades was demolished and in 1960 rebuilt. In 1998. It was rebuilt again. It can accommodate approx. 1,200 faithful, but it is intended only for Muslims. The followers of other religions can not enter into it, except for a minaret from which you can take pictures.
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Adults non-Muslims are not allowed to enter AED
Students non-Muslims are not allowed to enter AED
If in the middle of the desert throughout the year you can go skiing, why not be possible to walk on the fairy tale,...
If in the middle of the desert throughout the year you can go skiing, why not be possible to walk on the fairy tale, ever-blooming garden? In Dubai Miracle Garden was created, the world's largest natural floral garden with 45 million color petunia. Many different shapes and colors will catch your eye.
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This article uses Spanish naming customs: the first or paternal family name is Ortiz and the second or maternal family name is Arias.
David Américo Ortiz Arias (born November 18, 1975), nicknamed "Big Papi", is a Dominican-American former Major League Baseball (MLB) designated hitter (DH) and first baseman who played 20 seasons, primarily with the Boston Red Sox. He also played for the Minnesota Twins. During his 14 seasons with the Red Sox, he was a ten-time All-Star, a three-time World Series champion, and a seven-time Silver Slugger winner. Ortiz also holds the Red Sox single-season record for home runs with 54, which he set during the 2006 season.
Ortiz with the Red Sox in April 2007
Designated hitter / First baseman
Born: (1975-11-18) November 18, 1975 (age 43)
Batted: Left Threw: Left
MLB debut
September 2, 1997, for the Minnesota Twins
Last MLB appearance
October 2, 2016, for the Boston Red Sox
MLB statistics
Runs batted in
Minnesota Twins (1997–2002)
Boston Red Sox (2003–2016)
Career highlights and awards
10× All-Star (2004–2008, 2010–2013, 2016)
3× World Series champion (2004, 2007, 2013)
World Series MVP (2013)
ALCS MVP (2004)
7× Silver Slugger Award (2004–2007, 2011, 2013, 2016)
2× AL Hank Aaron Award (2005, 2016)
Roberto Clemente Award (2011)
AL home run leader (2006)
3× AL RBI leader (2005, 2006, 2016)
Boston Red Sox No. 34 retired
Originally signed by the Seattle Mariners in 1992, Ortiz was traded to the Twins in 1996 and played parts of six seasons with the team. Ortiz was released by the Twins and signed with the Boston Red Sox in 2003, where he spent the remainder of his career. In Boston, Ortiz established himself as "one of the greatest designated hitters the game has ever seen."[1] He was instrumental in the team ending its 86-year World Series championship drought in 2004, as well as during successful championship runs in 2007 and 2013, and was named MVP of the latter.
Ortiz finished his career with 541 home runs (which ranks 17th on the MLB all-time home run list), 1,768 RBIs (22nd all-time), and a .286 batting average. Among designated hitters, he is the all-time leader in MLB history for home runs (485), runs batted in (RBIs) (1,569), and hits (2,192). Regarded as one of the best clutch hitters of all time,[2] Ortiz had 11 career walk-off home runs during the regular season and two during the postseason.
Ortiz was born on November 18, 1975, in Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic, as the oldest of four children of Enrique (Leo) Ortiz and Ángela Rosa Arias. As a boy, he followed the careers of standout pitcher Ramón Martinez and his younger brother Pedro, attending games whenever he could and building a friendship with Pedro that would only grow over the years.[3] Ortiz graduated from Estudia Espaillat High School in the Dominican Republic, and was a standout baseball and basketball player there.
Professional careerEdit
On November 28, 1992, Ortiz was signed by the Seattle Mariners just 10 days after his 17th birthday, who listed him as "David Arias." He made his professional debut in 1994 for the Mariners of the Arizona League, batting .246 with 2 home runs and 20 RBI. By 1995, he had improved those numbers to .332 with 4 home runs and 37 RBI. In 1996, he was promoted to the Single-A Wisconsin Timber Rattlers of the Midwest League, a Mariners farm team. He established himself as one of the Mariners' best hitting prospects, batting .322 with 18 home runs and 93 RBI. Ortiz also impressed both fans and Mariners' players like Alex Rodriguez with a strong performance in an impromptu home run derby—the result of a failed Mariners' promotion in which the Timber Rattlers were supposed to play an exhibition game against the MLB club in front of their home fans in Wisconsin, but the game was rained out.[4] Also in Wisconsin, Ortiz met his future wife Tiffany; she led him to become a fan of the nearby Green Bay Packers NFL team, a devotion that would become lifelong. Baseball America named Ortiz the most exciting player in the Midwest League, as well as its best defensive first baseman for 1996.
Despite his strong year in the Mariners' system, on September 13, 1996, Ortiz was traded to the Minnesota Twins as the player to be named later to complete an earlier transaction for Dave Hollins. When he arrived in Minnesota, he informed the team that he preferred to be listed as "David Ortiz"—using his paternal family name rather than "Arias" which was his maternal family name. Referring to the switch, sportswriter Jay Jaffe called Arias/Ortiz "literally the player to be named later."[5]
Ortiz rose quickly through the Twins system in 1997. Though he started with the High-A Fort Myers Miracle, he quickly progressed through Double-A (New Britain Rock Cats), to the Triple-A Salt Lake Buzz. At the three levels, Ortiz combined to hit .317 with 31 home runs and 124 RBI, earning a September call-up to the Twins' MLB club.
Minnesota Twins (1997–2002)Edit
1997Edit
Ortiz made his MLB debut for the Twins on September 2, 1997. He played in 15 games in September, batting .327 in 49 at bats. He recorded his first major league hit in his second game, on September 3, with an eighth-inning pinch-hit double against the Chicago Cubs. He hit his first major league home run on September 14 against the Texas Rangers, off pitcher Julio Santana, going 3-for-4 with two walks in the game overall. Ortiz hit 1 home run and 6 RBI his first season.
In 1998, Ortiz entered the season with his sights set on playing as the regular first baseman for the Twins. However, Ortiz's playing style was somewhat different than the approach favored by manager Tom Kelly, which placed a premium on avoiding strikeouts, and great defense (which Kelly felt Ortiz still needed to work on).[6] While Kelly worked with Ortiz on his defense, he hit well, batting .306 through May 9 before fracturing his wrist and going on the disabled list. He returned to the Twins in July following a rehab assignment to Triple-A and finished the season with the team. He ended his rookie year strong, batting .360 in September. All told, he hit .277 with 9 home runs and 46 RBI in 86 games.
In 1999, Ortiz figured to be a fixture in the lineup, but after a tough spring training which saw him bat only .137, he was sent down to the Triple-A Salt Lake Buzz as the sure-handed rookie Doug Mientkiewicz earned the first base job. It was becoming apparent that manager Tom Kelly preferred veteran players or those who fit into his small-ball and good defense philosophy, something Ortiz would later be vocal about after his days with the Twins.[7] While Ortiz tore through minor league pitching to the tune of a .315 average with 30 home runs and 110 RBI, Twins first basemen would go on to hit just .245 with 11 homers and 69 RBI all season. Twins designated hitters did not fare much better, batting a combined .259 with 14 home runs and 82 RBI. Ortiz's strong season in Triple-A was too much for Kelly to ignore, and Ortiz again earned a September call-up in 1999. It did not go well for Ortiz, as he struck out 12 times in 20 at-bats, and did not register a hit.
By 2000, with the Twins coming off three consecutive seasons of over 90 losses, Ortiz's bat could not be buried in the minor leagues much longer. After playing only sparingly during the seasons first two months, by June 2000 he finally established himself as an MLB regular. However, Ortiz played primarily at designated hitter as manager Kelly stuck with the veteran Ron Coomer at first base. When Ortiz homered on June 9 against the Milwaukee Brewers, it was his first MLB home run in more than a year. On September 7, he hit his first major league grand slam at Fenway Park against Boston Red Sox pitcher Ramón Martínez,[8] one of his childhood heroes from the Dominican Republic. As his playing time increased, his stats improved. Despite his slow start, he finished at .282 with 10 home runs and 63 RBI. His 36 doubles were second on the team to Matt Lawton's 44, despite Ortiz having almost 200 fewer plate appearances. Ortiz's .364 on-base percentage was fourth on the team among players with more than 100 plate appearances.
Ortiz began the 2001 season as the regular DH and started the year strong, batting .311 with 6 home runs and 18 RBI through May 4. For the first time in years, the Twins were a contender thanks to a hot start helped by Ortiz's hitting. However, another wrist fracture landed Ortiz back on the disabled list, and he did not return until July. It was apparent the injury affected his production, as he batted just .202 upon his return. He finished the year with a disappointing .234 average, however, the 11 home runs he hit over the season's final two months (including his first multihomer game on September 5 against the Texas Rangers) offered a glimmer of hope for the future. Despite their hot start, the Twins ultimately did not qualify for the postseason but did win a very respectable 85 games. It was the franchise's first winning season since 1992. At the end of the season, longtime Twins manager Tom Kelly retired, and Ron Gardenhire took over the reins.
The offseason proved very difficult for Ortiz, as on New Year's Day 2002, his mother died following a car accident. Gardenhire reached out and helped Ortiz deal with the death, and Ortiz prepared hard for the coming baseball season, both saddened his mother never saw him play at his best[9] and determined to reach new heights. When the season began, Ortiz battled knee injuries. It was a tale of two seasons for Ortiz, as his .240 average with 5 homers and 33 RBI before the All-Star break was disappointing. But after the All-Star break, Ortiz quietly turned in one of the better second halves in baseball, batting .297 with 15 home runs and 42 RBI. On August 16, he hit a memorable home run off his friend Pedro Martínez at the Hubert H. Humphrey Metrodome, hitting an inside cut fastball into the upper deck. On September 25, he hit the first walk-off home run of his career, against the Cleveland Indians. He finished the 2002 season batting .272 with 20 home runs and 75 RBI. At this point in his career, the home run and RBI totals were both career bests. However, as he batted only .203 against left-handed pitching, Ortiz still was not always guaranteed to start if a tough lefty would be on the mound. His career year coincided with the Twins qualifying for the postseason, as the team won 94 games and upset the Oakland Athletics in the Division Series before falling in the 2002 American League Championship Series to the eventual World Series winning Anaheim Angels. Ortiz batted .276 in his first postseason, with 4 RBI. His 9th inning double in the decisive Game 5 of the Division Series put the Twins ahead 5–1 in a game they would hold on to win 5–4. The series-winning RBI was the first of what would be many clutch postseason hits in Ortiz's career.
After the season, the small market Twins faced a decision on Ortiz, who had made $950,000 and would likely have been granted around $2 million for 2003 by an arbitrator. Rather than negotiate a contract, or go to arbitration, the Twins instead decided to release Ortiz as a cost-cutting move on December 16, after being unable to swing a trade for him.[10][11][12] In parts of six seasons totaling 455 games with the Twins, Ortiz hit 58 home runs and had 238 RBIs.[13] The player who replaced Ortiz on the Twins' roster, Jose Morban, would never play in a game for the team.
Boston Red Sox (2003–2016)Edit
After his release from the Twins, Ortiz had a chance encounter with Pedro Martínez at a restaurant in the Dominican Republic, and Martinez remembered a home run he had given up to Ortiz in August 2002. Excited at the prospect of his friend joining him on the Boston Red Sox (who needed a first baseman), Pedro began calling several Red Sox team officials to request that the team sign Ortiz.[14] On January 22, Ortiz signed a non-guaranteed free agent contract with the Red Sox that would be worth $1.25 million if he made the team. New Red Sox General Manager Theo Epstein envisioned Ortiz as one of several candidates to fill a void at first base. Sabermetrics favorite Jeremy Giambi was widely expected to get most of the playing time, but also in the mix were primary third baseman Bill Mueller (who figured to DH at times), Shea Hillenbrand (who could play third base, first base, or DH), and Kevin Millar (who could play first base or outfield). The team's best hitter, outfielder Manny Ramirez, figured to DH at times also. When the season started, all of them made the team, including Ortiz, with the new designated hitter/first baseman taking player number 34 in honor of his mentor and friend on the Twins, Kirby Puckett.[15]
Because of the logjam, Ortiz did not play steadily during the first two months of the season. He hit his first home run with his new team on April 27 at Anaheim, a go-ahead shot to break a 14th-inning tie in an eventual 6–4 win, but batted only .212 in April. By May, he had raised his average to .272. Ortiz became frustrated over his limited playing time, seeing a similarity to what had happened to him in Minnesota, especially considering that Giambi was only batting .125 on May 1. After expressing his frustration to the media, Pedro Martínez pulled his friend aside to defuse the situation, then asked manager Grady Little to ensure Ortiz always be in the lineup when he was pitching.[14] As Ortiz's bat heated up in May, the Red Sox finally broke the logjam when they traded Hillenbrand to the Arizona Diamondbacks on May 29. On June 1, manager Grady Little benched Giambi, who was still hitting only .185. These two moves allowed Ortiz to become the everyday designated hitter. As a regular, Ortiz finally had the breakout year he had envisioned. After hitting .299 with 10 home runs in the season's first half, he turned on the power in the second half, hitting 21 home runs in 63 games. On July 26, he delivered a walk-off hit against the rival New York Yankees. He would add his first walk-off homer as a member of the Red Sox on September 23, against the Baltimore Orioles. He finished the season with 31 home runs, 101 RBIs and a .288 average, finishing fifth in the American League MVP voting as the Red Sox won the AL Wild Card and qualified for the postseason.
In the 2003 postseason, Ortiz struggled in the ALDS against the Oakland A's until Game 4, when he hit a two-run double in the bottom of the eighth inning off closer Keith Foulke to turn a 4–3 deficit into a 5–4 Red Sox lead and eventual victory. In Game 1 of the ALCS against the rival New York Yankees, Ortiz hit his first career postseason home run. He finished with 2 home runs and 6 RBIs in the ALCS, including a solo home run in the eighth inning of the decisive Game 7 that gave the Red Sox a 5–2 lead at the time. However, the Red Sox would go on to blow the lead in the bottom of the inning, and Boston lost the series in heartbreaking fashion on Aaron Boone's infamous extra-inning walk-off home run that instead sent the Yankees to the 2003 World Series.
In the offseason, Ortiz was eligible for salary arbitration once again, but the Red Sox agreed with him on a $4.6 million salary for the 2004 season, avoiding hearings. Prior to the agreement, Ortiz and his agent had submitted a figure of $5 million, while the Red Sox had countered with $4.2 million, so the agreement split the difference.[16]
Once the 2004 season started, Ortiz wasted no time picking up right where he left off with the bat. On May 28, Ortiz hit his 100th career home run, a grand slam, off Joel Piñeiro of the Seattle Mariners at Fenway Park. Also in May, Ortiz signed a two-year contract extension with the Red Sox worth $12.5 million.[17] He batted .304 with 23 home runs and 78 RBI in the season's first half, was named an All-Star for the first time in his career, and hit a long home run in the All-Star Game off Carl Pavano. Ortiz was suspended for three games in July, after being ejected following an incident in a July 16 game against the Angels in which he threw several bats onto the field that came close to hitting umpires Bill Hohn and Mark Carlson. Ortiz finished the 2004 season with 41 home runs and 139 RBIs while batting .301 with an on-base plus slugging (OPS) of .983. He finished second in the American League in both home runs and RBIs and finished fourth in American League MVP voting. He also earned his first Silver Slugger award for his outstanding performance at Designated Hitter. In addition, Ortiz and teammate Manny Ramirez became the first pair of AL teammates to hit 40 home runs, have 100 RBIs, and bat .300 since the Yankees' Babe Ruth and Lou Gehrig in 1931.[18] Together they hit back-to-back home runs six times, tying the major league single-season mark set by the Detroit Tigers' Hank Greenberg and Rudy York and later matched by the Chicago White Sox's Frank Thomas and Magglio Ordóñez.[18] The duo quickly became arguably the best hitting tandem of the decade.
In the 2004 postseason, Ortiz elevated his play to a new level. He had multiple game-winning hits to help Boston advance through the rounds. In the 2004 ALDS, he hit a series-winning walk-off home run off Jarrod Washburn in the 10th inning of Game 3 to knock out the Anaheim Angels. In the ALCS against the New York Yankees, the Red Sox quickly fell behind 0 games to 3, a deficit that had never been surmounted in baseball history. Ortiz almost single-handedly paved the way for history, as he hit a walk-off two-run home run against Paul Quantrill in the 12th inning of Game 4 and a walk-off single off of Esteban Loaiza in the 14th inning of Game 5. His heroics - namely batting .387 with 3 home runs and 11 RBI in the series - earned him MVP honors, the first time a DH had ever won that award, as the Red Sox came back to win in 7 games. In the World Series vs. the St. Louis Cardinals, Ortiz set the tone for the four-game sweep as he hit a three-run home run off of Woody Williams in the 1st inning of Game 1 at Fenway Park. He hit .308 in the series with 1 home run and 4 RBI as the Red Sox swept the Cardinals to end the Curse of the Bambino by winning their first World Series Championship in 86 years. Overall, Ortiz batted .400 in the 2004 postseason with 5 home runs and 23 RBIs.
Ortiz (right) with then-Tampa Bay Devil Rays catcher Toby Hall in 2006
In 2005, Ortiz set new career highs with 47 home runs and 148 RBIs. He batted .300 with an OPS of 1.001. On June 2, his three-run homer turned a 4–3 deficit into a 6–4 victory over the Baltimore Orioles. On September 6, his 38th home run of the year beat the Los Angeles Angels of Anaheim. On September 29, his eighth-inning home run against the Toronto Blue Jays tied the game at 4, then his ninth-inning single in his very next at-bat gave Boston the win. For all of his late-inning heroics, Red Sox ownership would present Ortiz with a plaque proclaiming him "the greatest clutch-hitter in the history of the Boston Red Sox."[19][20] He led the American League in RBIs, while finishing second in home runs and third in OPS. Ortiz finished second in the American League MVP voting[21] to Alex Rodriguez while leading the Red Sox to their third consecutive playoff appearance, where they lost in the first round to the eventual champion White Sox. For the second consecutive season, Ortiz was named an All-Star and won the Silver Slugger Award. He also won his first Hank Aaron Award as the outstanding hitter in the American League.
On April 10, the Red Sox announced Ortiz signed a four-year, $52 million contract extension with the team.[17] The contract also included a team option for a fifth year. Over the two months of June and July, he had five walk-off hits, three of which were home runs. Ortiz hit his 200th career home run on June 29, against Duaner Sánchez of the New York Mets at Fenway Park. He posted his best month of the season in July, batting .339 with 14 home runs. On September 20 at Fenway Park, Ortiz tied Jimmie Foxx's single season Red Sox home run record of 50 set in 1938, in the sixth inning against Minnesota Twins' Boof Bonser. On September 21, Ortiz broke the record by hitting his 51st home run off Johan Santana of the Twins. The home run was also his 44th of the season as a Designated Hitter, breaking his own American League single-season record. Ortiz finished 2006 with a career-high 54 home runs to set a new Red Sox record and had 137 RBIs while batting .287 with an OPS of 1.049. He led the American League in both home runs and RBIs and finished third in OPS. He finished third in the American League MVP voting behind Justin Morneau and Derek Jeter. Despite his outstanding campaign, however, the Red Sox did not qualify for the postseason.
In 2007, Ortiz was instrumental in leading the Red Sox to their seventh World Series title. In the regular season, he had 35 home runs and 117 RBIs while batting a career-best .332, placing him in the top 10 in the American League in all three categories. In addition, he hit 52 doubles, led the American League in extra-base hits and finished second in OPS at 1.066. His .445 on-base percentage led the league. An All-Star for the fourth consecutive season, Ortiz finished fourth in the American League MVP voting and captured the Silver Slugger at DH once again, as the Red Sox won the AL East.
In the postseason, Ortiz again kept up the clutch hitting. He batted .714 (5-for-7) against the Los Angeles Angels of Anaheim in the Division Series, with 2 home runs. Then, after batting .292 with a home run against the Cleveland Indians in the 2007 American League Championship Series, he hit .333 in the 2007 World Series, with 4 RBI. Combined, Ortiz batted .370 with 3 home runs and 10 RBIs and Boston swept the Colorado Rockies to win their second World Series Championship in four years.
In 2008, Ortiz started slowly after suffering a wrist injury which caused him to miss several weeks. He played in a total of 109 games and finished the season with 23 home runs and 89 RBIs while batting .264. Despite his struggles, Ortiz was named to his fifth All-Star team. In the playoffs, Ortiz batted just .186 over two rounds as the Red Sox ultimately fell to the Tampa Bay Rays in the 2008 American League Championship Series.
Ortiz batting in 2009
Ortiz struggled early in the 2009 season, hitting only .206 with no home runs and 30 strikeouts in his first 34 games. He did not hit his first home run of the season until May 22 off Brett Cecil of the Toronto Blue Jays, ending a career-high 178 homerless at-bat streak.[22] In June, Ortiz broke out of his slump by hitting 7 home runs with 22 RBI. He hit 7 home runs in each of July and August, including the 300th of his career against Luke Hochevar of the Kansas City Royals at Fenway Park on July 9. On September 17, Ortiz hit his 270th career home run as a DH off José Arredondo of the Los Angeles Angels, breaking the all-time record held by Frank Thomas. However, Ortiz finished the season with just a .238 average to go along with his 28 home runs and 99 RBIs. He also struggled in the postseason, with just one hit in 12 at-bats. During 2009, Ortiz did, however, play first base for the first time since the 2007 season.
Ortiz waits for a pitch in 2010
In 2010, Ortiz again got off to a slow start, and questions loomed large about his future.[23] Ortiz batted just .143 in April, with 1 home run and 4 RBI. But Ortiz returned to his All-Star form beginning with a hot May and finished at .270 with 32 home runs and 102 RBIs for the year. His home run and RBI totals were both in the top 10 in the American League. At the All-Star Game, Ortiz won the Home Run Derby contest, defeating Florida Marlins shortstop Hanley Ramírez in the final. A strong September where Ortiz drove in 23 runs pushed him over the 100-RBI mark for the first time in three seasons. But despite Ortiz's resurgence, the Red Sox finished third in the AL East and failed to qualify for the postseason. At the end of the season, the Red Sox announced that they would pick up the $12.5 team option on his contract for 2011,[24] though Ortiz had hoped for a multi-year extension instead.
In 2011, Ortiz continued to produce, batting .309 with 29 home runs and 96 RBIs. He passed several milestones during the year. On April 2, he set the record for RBIs by a designated hitter with 1,004, surpassing Edgar Martínez. Then, on May 21, Ortiz became only the fifth player to hit 300 home runs as a member of the Red Sox, joining Ted Williams, Carl Yastrzemski, Jim Rice, and Dwight Evans. On July 15, Ortiz was suspended for 4 games for his part in a brawl that took place on July 8 in a game against the Baltimore Orioles. Ortiz charged Orioles pitcher Kevin Gregg after a brushback pitch and an exchange of words, triggering a bench-clearing brawl. In 2011, Ortiz made his seventh All-Star Team. He also earned his fifth Silver Slugger Award at the end of the year, and, on October 20, Major League Baseball announced that Ortiz was the winner of the Roberto Clemente Award. However, the Red Sox again failed to qualify for the postseason. Also at season's end, as Ortiz and the Red Sox could not agree on a contract extension during the year, Ortiz headed for free agency for the first time since being released by the Twins in 2003. However, on December 7, he accepted the Red Sox offer of salary arbitration, and the two sides again avoided hearings by agreeing to a $14.575 million figure for the 2012 season.[25]
2012 began like Ortiz had his sights set on MVP contention again, as he hit .405 over the season's first month, with 6 home runs and 20 RBI. On July 4, at O.co Coliseum in Oakland, Ortiz hit his 400th career home run off of A. J. Griffin of the Oakland Athletics. However, on July 16, Ortiz suffered an injury to his right Achilles tendon and was placed on the DL on July 19. He returned on August 24 but returned to the DL on August 27 after playing just 1 game. He finished the season with 23 home runs and 60 RBIs while batting .318 in 90 games. On the date of his injury, the Red Sox were 46–44. However, without Ortiz, the Red Sox cratered, going 23–49 over the last two and a half months of the season to finish last in the AL East.
With free agency again looming, Ortiz and the Red Sox agreed to terms on a two-year contract with $26 million, with incentives that could push the total value of the deal to $30 million.[26] The deal was made official on November 5.
Ortiz rebounded from his injury to post a strong 2013 campaign as he once again guided the Red Sox to a first-place finish in the AL East. During the regular season, he hit 30 home runs, had 103 RBIs and batted .309. He finished in the top 10 in all the categories in the American League. On April 20, before the first game played at Fenway Park since the Boston Marathon bombings and his first since August 2012 after an Achilles tendon injury, Ortiz spoke emotionally to the crowd and stated, "This is our fucking city, and no one is going to dictate our freedom. Stay strong."[27] Ortiz reached several career milestones in 2013, including his 500th career double on July 2[28] and his 2,000th career hit on September 4. On July 10, Ortiz passed Harold Baines to become the all-time leader for hits by a DH with 1689.[29]
On July 27, Ortiz was ejected by home-plate umpire Tim Timmons for arguing balls and strikes in a game against the Baltimore Orioles. After his ejection, Ortiz used his bat to smash a pressbox phone in the dugout.[30] Major League Baseball decided not to suspend Ortiz for the incident.
In the postseason, Ortiz hit five home runs and 13 RBIs while batting .353 to lead the Red Sox to a World Series championship, the franchise's eighth. In Game 2 of the American League Division Series against the Tampa Bay Rays, he hit two home runs off of Rays' ace pitcher David Price. In Game 2 of the American League Championship Series versus the Detroit Tigers, Ortiz hit a dramatic, game-tying grand slam off reliever Joaquín Benoit in the bottom of the eighth inning, helping propel the Red Sox to victory. In the World Series against the St. Louis Cardinals, Ortiz hit home runs in both Games 1 and 2, had six RBIs and batted .688 as the Red Sox won the series 4–2. He tied a Series record by reaching base nine times in a row, and the opposing Cardinals seemed to stop trying to get him out, with many intentional walks.[31] As a result of his performance, Ortiz was awarded the World Series Most Valuable Player award.[32]
Ortiz gained several new nicknames from the media and his teammates as a result of his great postseason play such as "Señor Octubre"[33] and "Cooperstown."[34] He finished third in Boston's mayoral race that year with 560 write-in votes.[35] He also finished 10th in AL MVP voting, the first season he garnered votes since 2007.
Ortiz in 2014
On March 23, 2014, Ortiz signed a one-year, $16 million contract extension for the 2015 season.[36] The extension also included two team option years to potentially keep him under contract with the Red Sox through the 2017 season. Once the season started, Ortiz continued to hit well, homering 35 times to go along with 104 RBI and a .263 average. He again placed in the top 10 in the American League in both home runs and RBIs. During a game against the Tampa Bay Rays on May 31, Ortiz was hit by a pitch from future Red Sox pitcher David Price, leading to both benches being warned. Price later hit Mike Carp which led to both benches clearing and an enraged Ortiz shouting at Price.[37] On June 29 at Yankee Stadium, Ortiz homered off New York Yankees pitcher Chase Whitley for his 450th career home run.
In a Boston Globe article, Red Sox great Carl Yastrzemski called David Ortiz the second greatest hitter in club history, stating "I would say as a hitter, I would say he's next to Ted [Williams]."[38][39]
In 2015, Ortiz hit 37 home runs and had 108 RBIs while batting .273. He finished in the top 10 in the American League in both home runs and RBIs for the eighth time in his career.
On April 19, in a game at Fenway Park vs. the Baltimore Orioles, Ortiz was ejected for arguing a check swing call. While arguing, Ortiz bumped into umpire John Tumpane.[40] Two days later, MLB suspended Ortiz one game and fined him an undisclosed amount.[41]
On July 14, in an announcement prior to the MLB All-Star Game at Great American Ball Park in Cincinnati, Ortiz was selected as one of the "Franchise Four" of the Boston Red Sox. The selection of the "Franchise Four" (the greatest four players of all time for every MLB team) was determined by online voting by fans on the MLB.com website. Along with Ortiz, Ted Williams, Carl Yastrzemski and Ortiz's friend Pedro Martínez were selected as the four greatest players in Boston Red Sox history.
On September 5 at Fenway Park, Ortiz hit his 30th home run of the season off of Jerome Williams of the Philadelphia Phillies. This marked the ninth time that Ortiz hit 30 or more home runs in a season, the most in Red Sox history. On September 12, in a game against the Tampa Bay Rays at Tropicana Field, Ortiz hit his 500th career home run off of Rays pitcher Matt Moore. He became only the 27th player in MLB history to reach that milestone.
On November 18, 2015, his 40th birthday, Ortiz announced on the website The Players' Tribune that he would retire following the 2016 season.[42]
David Ortiz's number 34 was retired by the Boston Red Sox in 2017.
In the final season of his career, Ortiz hit 38 home runs -- the most ever hit by a player in his final season -- and had 127 RBIs while batting .315. He finished in the top 10 in the American League in home runs and RBIs for the ninth time in his career. He finished tied for first in the American League in RBIs with Edwin Encarnación. Ortiz led the American League and Major League baseball with a 1.021 OPS and 48 doubles. He had the highest percentage of hard-hit batted balls in the majors (45.9%).[43] He also had the highest ISO (Isolated Power) of all MLB players in 2016, at .305.[44]
Throughout the season, opposing teams honored Ortiz by presenting him with gifts, some humorous, when the Red Sox visited, similar to how teams had done when other stars like Derek Jeter and Mariano Rivera were in their final season. For example, the New York Yankees presented Ortiz with a painting of him at home plate in Yankee Stadium, as well as a book of notes to Ortiz written by several former and current Yankees.[45] When it was their turn, the Baltimore Orioles presented Ortiz with the mangled dugout phone he had destroyed with a bat from his 2013 outburst.[46]
On May 14, at Fenway Park, Ortiz hit a walk-off double to lead the Red Sox to a 6–5 victory over the Houston Astros,[47] It was his 20th career walk-off hit.[48] The double was the 600th of Ortiz' career, making him the 15th player all time to reach the milestone. He also joined Hank Aaron and Barry Bonds as only the third player in MLB history with at least 500 career home runs and 600 career doubles.[49]
On August 24, in a game against the Tampa Bay Rays at Tropicana Field, Ortiz hit his 30th home run of the season. He became the oldest MLB player to ever do so. In the same game, he also reached 100 RBI for the season. It was the tenth time in his career he reached both milestones, a Red Sox record.[50] He hit his 625th career double two days later against the Royals, passing Hank Aaron for tenth place all-time.[51]
On October 2, during a pregame ceremony at Fenway Park for Ortiz prior to the final game of the season, the Red Sox announced that his uniform number 34 would be retired during the 2017 season.[52] Additionally, Massachusetts Governor Charlie Baker was on hand to announce the bridge that carries Brookline Avenue over the Massachusetts Turnpike would be dedicated in honor of Ortiz.[53]
Ortiz's strong play in his final season was enough to get the Red Sox into the postseason, but a first-round sweep at the hands of the Cleveland Indians in the American League Division Series ended the Red Sox season on October 10. Following the loss at Fenway Park, Ortiz came out and saluted the Boston fans in a tearful goodbye before leaving the field.
On October 26, Major League Baseball announced that Ortiz had won his second Hank Aaron Award as the outstanding offensive player in the American League.[54] He was the 2016 Esurance MLB/This Year in Baseball Award winner for Best Hitter, his third time.[55] In addition, Ortiz also placed sixth in voting for 2016 AL MVP.[56]
Ortiz's nickname "Big Papi" originates from his habit of calling people whose names he can't remember "Papi." The nickname was given to him by Red Sox broadcaster Jerry Remy.[57]
On June 11, 2008, Ortiz became a United States citizen at John F. Kennedy Library in Boston.[58][59]
FamilyEdit
Each time Ortiz crossed the plate after hitting a home run, he would look up and point both index fingers to the sky in tribute to his mother, Angela Rosa Arias, who died in a car crash in January 2002 at the age of 46.[60] Ortiz also has a tattoo of his mother on his biceps.
Ortiz and his wife, Tiffany, have three children. His wife hails from Kaukauna, Wisconsin, a town in between the cities of Green Bay and Appleton.[61] Since marrying Tiffany, Ortiz has become a fan of the Green Bay Packers. In April 2013, Ortiz announced that he and his wife were separating,[62] but they later reconciled.[63] Since 2017, Ortiz and his wife and two of their children have resided in Miami; he also maintains a home in the Dominican Republic.[64] An 8,100-square-foot (750 m2) home that Ortiz bought in 2007 in Weston, Massachusetts, was put up for sale in February 2019.[65]
Ortiz's daughter Alex sang the national anthem before the 2016 Red Sox home opener on April 11, 2016.[66]
BusinessEdit
Ortiz has received about $4.5 million in endorsements over the years. In April 2007, sporting-goods company Reebok debuted the Big Papi 10M Mid Baseball cleat, which Ortiz first used during the 2007 MLB All Star Game in San Francisco, California.[67]
In October 2009, Ortiz opened a nightclub called "Forty-Forty" in his native Dominican Republic. In April 2010, rapper and producer Jay-Z and his business partner Juan Perez sued Ortiz for trademark infringement, alleging that the name of Ortiz's nightclub was stolen from Jay-Z's chain of sports clubs in New York.[68] In March 2011, Ortiz reached a settlement deal with Jay-Z and Perez.[69]
Charity workEdit
In 2007, Ortiz founded the David Ortiz Children's Fund to support a range of his favorite causes and to help children, from Boston to the Dominican Republic and beyond.[70] In 2008, Ortiz allowed his likeness to be used on a charity wine label, called Vintage Papi, with proceeds going to the Children's Fund.[71][72] In 2016, Ortiz joined UNICEF Kid Power as a brand ambassador Kid Power Champion for a global mission in Burkina Faso.[73][74] A 2017 roast of Ortiz raised $335,000 for his Children's Fund.[75]
June 2019 shootingEdit
Main article: Shooting of David Ortiz
On June 9, 2019, Ortiz was shot in the Dominican Republic, at approximately 8:50 p.m. local time, while at the Dial Bar and Lounge in East Santo Domingo.[64][76] Authorities stated that Ortiz was "ambushed by a man who got off a motorcycle" and shot him in the back.[76] According to Ortiz's spokesperson, Ortiz underwent a six-hour operation performed by three local physicians at the Abel Gonzalez Clinic. During the surgery, a portion of his intestines and colon, as well as his gallbladder, were removed; liver damage was also reported.[77] Jhoel López, a Dominican TV host who was with Ortiz, was also wounded in the leg during the shooting.[78]
On June 10, a medical flight sent by the Red Sox brought Ortiz to Boston, so he could receive further treatment at Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH).[79] He underwent a second surgery shortly after arriving at MGH, and was reported to be "making good progress toward recovery".[80][81]
As of June 12, six suspects had been arrested in relation to the shooting and more were being sought. Police Major General Ney Aldrin Bautista Almonte revealed that the alleged organizer of the attack was promised 400,000 Dominican pesos (approximately $7,800) to carry out the attack. Security camera footage showed two men on a motorcycle allegedly planning the attack with a man in a car near the bar where the shooting took place.[82] According to Ortiz's friends in the Dominican Republic, Ortiz often went to popular nightspots with them without any security presence, "trusting his fans to protect him".[82] By June 18, there were at least 11 suspects in custody.[83]
On June 19, the Dominican Attorney General's office announced that Ortiz had not been the intended victim of the gunman and that the shooting had been carried out on the orders of Victor Hugo Gomez Vasquez, a known associate of a Mexican drug cartel. The intended victim, Gomez Vasquez's cousin Sixto David Fernández, was a regular patron at the bar. Shortly before the shooting, an accomplice had snapped a picture of the intended victim to guide the shooter, but the picture was blurry and the man's black pants were obscured by a white object in the bar. The gunman went in, saw Ortiz wearing white pants, and shot a single bullet at him.[84] Gomez Vasquez was arrested on June 28, as was Alberto Miguel Rodriguez Mota, who allegedly took the photo of Fernández and Ortiz.[85]
Alleged positive performance-enhancing-drug test in 2003Edit
On July 30, 2009, The New York Times, citing anonymous sources, reported that Ortiz was among a group of over 100 major league players on a list compiled by federal investigators, that allegedly tested positive for performance-enhancing drugs during Major League Baseball survey testing conducted in spring training of 2003.[86] The survey testing was agreed to by Major League Baseball and the Major League Baseball Players Association to determine the extent of performance-enhancing drug use among players before permanent testing was officially implemented starting in 2004. As part of the agreement, the results of the survey testing were supposed to remain confidential and no suspensions or penalties would be issued to any player testing positive.
On August 8, 2009, Ortiz held a press conference before a game at Yankee Stadium and denied ever buying or using steroids and suggested the positive test might have been due to his use of supplements and vitamins at the time.[87] When asked which supplements he had been taking, Ortiz said he did not know.[88] Ortiz was accompanied at the press conference by Michael Weiner, the general counsel of the Major League Baseball Players Association. Because the list of players was seized as part of a government investigation and is currently under court-ordered seal pending the outcome of litigation, Weiner said the players union was unable to provide Ortiz with any details about his test result, including what substance he tested positive for.
On the same day, both Major League Baseball[89] and the Major League Baseball Players Association issued statements[90] pointing out that because of several factors, any player appearing on the list compiled by federal investigators in 2003 did not necessarily test positive for performance-enhancing drugs. Among those factors were that the total number of players said to be on the list far exceeded the number of collected specimens that tested positive. In addition, there were questions raised regarding the lab that performed the testing and their interpretation of the positive tests. Also, the statement pointed out that certain legal supplements that were available over the counter at the time could cause a positive test result.
On October 2, 2016 at a press conference at Fenway Park, MLB Commissioner Rob Manfred said it was "entirely possible" Ortiz did not test positive during the MLB survey drug testing in 2003. The commissioner stated that the alleged failed test should not harm Ortiz's legacy, and that there were "legitimate scientific questions about whether or not those were truly positives". Manfred added "Those particular tests were inconclusive because "it was hard to distinguish between certain substances that were legal, available over the counter, and not banned under our program."[91] He also said "Ortiz has never been a positive at any point under our program" since MLB began testing in 2004 and that it is unfair for Hall of Fame voters to consider "leaks, rumors, innuendo and non-confirmed positive test results" when assessing a player.[92]
Career highlightsEdit
Ortiz at the White House in 2008 holding the 2007 World Series trophy
Championships, awards, and honorsEdit
Championships earned or shared
American League champion 3 2004, 2007, 2013 [32]
World Series champion
Honors received
Sporting News MLB All-Decade Team (DH) 2009 [93]
Sports Illustrated MLB All-Decade Team (DH) 2009 [94]
Name of award
American League Player of the Month 3 September 2005, July 2006, May 2010 [95][96][97]
American League Player of the Week 6 June 27, 2004; September 18, 2005; August 6, 2006;
August 26, 2007; June 5, 2011; September 15, 2015 [98][99][100][101][102][103]
Babe Ruth Award 1 2013 [32]
Edgar Martínez Outstanding Designated Hitter Award 8 2003–2007, 2011, 2013, 2016 [104]
Hank Aaron Award 2 2005, 2016 [54]
Home Run Derby winner 1 2010 [105]
League Championship Series Most Valuable Player Award 1 2004 [106]
Major League Baseball All-Star 10 2004−2008, 2010−2013, 2016 [107][108]
Roberto Clemente Award 1 2011 [109]
Silver Slugger Award at designated hitter 7 2004–2007, 2011, 2013, 2016 [110]
This Year in Baseball Award for Hitter of the Year 3 2004, 2005, 2016 [55]
Thomas A. Yawkey Boston Red Sox Most Valuable Player Award 5 2004–2006, 2013–2014 [111]
World Series Most Valuable Player Award 1 2013 [32]
RecordsEdit
Red Sox single-season home-run leader (54; 2006)[112]
Tied with Babe Ruth for AL single-season home run record in road games (32; 2006)[113]
Tied for all-time postseason consecutive on-base streak; 10 in 2007 (Billy Hatcher in 1990)[114]
Tied World Series record with on-base streak of nine in a row[115]
Twice set single season record for home runs by a designated hitter: first in 2005 (43),[116] then again in 2006 (47)[117]
First player ever to hit two walk-off home runs in the same postseason (vs. Angels, 2004 ALDS; Yankees, 2004 ALCS)[118]
First player in Red Sox history to hit 40 or more home runs in three consecutive seasons (2004–2006)[119]
Ten seasons of 30 or more home runs (2003–2007, 2010, 2013–2016; most in Red Sox history)[50]
Ten seasons of 100 or more RBIs (2003–2007, 2010, 2013–2016; most in Red Sox history)[50]
Ten seasons of 30 or more home runs and 100 or more RBIs (2003–2007, 2010, 2013–2016; most in Red Sox history)[50]
DistinctionsEdit
27th player in MLB history with 500 or more home runs[120]
Fourth player in MLB history with 500 or more home runs and 3 World Series championships (Babe Ruth, Mickey Mantle, Reggie Jackson)[121]
One of four players in MLB history with 500 or more home runs and 600 or more doubles (Barry Bonds, Hank Aaron, Albert Pujols)[122]
Third player with 85 extra base hits or more for four consecutive years (Lou Gehrig, 5; Sammy Sosa, 4)[123]
Third player in Red Sox history with three seasons of 40 or more home runs (Carl Yastrzemski and Manny Ramirez)[124]
17 career postseason home runs (tied for seventh all-time in MLB history)[125]
61 career postseason RBI (tied for fourth all-time in MLB history)[125]
Most home runs by a player in his final season (38)[126][127]
Annual statistical achievementsEdit
American League statistical leader
Bases on balls leader 2 2006, 2007 [128][129]
Doubles leader 1 2016 [130]
Extra base hits leader 4 2004, 2005, 2007, 2016 [131][132][129][130]
Home run leader 1 2006 [128]
On-base percentage leader 1 2007 [129]
On-base plus slugging leader 1 2016 [130]
Runs batted in leader 3 2005, 2006, 2016 [132]
Slugging percentage leader 1 2016 [130]
Total bases leader 1 2006 [128]
Other accomplishmentsEdit
Ortiz's home run total increased each year from 2000 to 2006, starting with 10 home runs, and ending with 54[133]
Hit 11 career regular season walk-off home runs,[134] and two in the postseason (2004 ALDS, 2004 ALCS)[135]
Five-time top five MVP vote-receiver (5th, 2003; 4th, 2004; 2nd, 2005;[21] 3rd, 2006; 4th, 2007)[133]
Dominican Republic portal
50 home run club
500 home run club
Boston Red Sox all-time roster
List of Boston Red Sox award winners
List of Major League Baseball annual home run leaders
List of Major League Baseball annual runs batted in leaders
List of Major League Baseball career bases on balls leaders
List of Major League Baseball career doubles leaders
List of Major League Baseball career extra base hits leaders
List of Major League Baseball career hits leaders
List of Major League Baseball career home run leaders
List of Major League Baseball career OPS leaders
List of Major League Baseball career runs batted in leaders
List of Major League Baseball career runs scored leaders
List of Major League Baseball career slugging percentage leaders
List of Major League Baseball career strikeouts by batters leaders
List of Major League Baseball career total bases leaders
List of Major League Baseball doubles records
List of Major League Baseball players from the Dominican Republic
Minnesota Twins all-time roster
Dominican-Americans in Boston
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^ Major League Leaderboards » 2016 » Designated Hitters » Batted Ball Statistics | FanGraphs Baseball
^ Major League Leaderboards » 2016 » Batters » Dashboard | FanGraphs Baseball
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^ a b Footer, Alyson (November 18, 2016). "Grand finale: MLB Awards put cap on season: Trout is Best Major Leaguer; Indians, Cubs win big". MLB.com. Retrieved November 19, 2016.
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^ "Red Sox slugger Ortiz sworn as US citizen". Yahoo! Sports. June 11, 2008. Archived from the original on June 11, 2008. Retrieved June 11, 2008.
^ Baxter, Christopher (June 12, 2008). "Ortiz, pride of Sox Nation, joins US as a citizen". The Boston Globe. Retrieved June 13, 2008.
^ Jorge L. Ortiz (June 14, 2006). "Pointing: It isn't just for pop-ups anymore". USA Today.
^ David Ortiz Archived July 22, 2010, at the Wayback Machine Playing Field Promotions
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^ Passan, Jeff (April 3, 2014). "The Red Sox are David Ortiz's Team, and Boston is his City". Yahoo! Sports.
^ a b Reiss, Jaclyn (June 9, 2019). "David Ortiz reportedly shot in Dominican Republic". The Boston Globe. Retrieved June 9, 2019.
^ Sweeney, Emily (February 5, 2019). "Take a look inside David Ortiz's house in Weston, which could be yours for $6.3 million". The Boston Globe. Retrieved June 10, 2019.
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^ Reebok Hosts Big Party for Big Papi Business Wire News, URL accessed December 12, 2008
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^ "David Ortiz: UNICEF Kid Power Champion". unicefkidpower.org. November 20, 2016.
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^ a b "Cops: Suspect in Ortiz shooting was offered $7.8K". ESPN. June 12, 2019. Retrieved June 12, 2019.
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^ Held, Amy. "David Ortiz Shooting Was A Case Of Mistaken Identity, Dominican Officials Say". NPR.org. Retrieved June 29, 2019.
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^ Schmidt, Michael (July 30, 2009). "Ortiz and Ramirez Said to Be on 2003 Doping List". The New York Times. Retrieved July 30, 2009.
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^ "Down 1-0 in ALCS, Cleveland tied with Boston after 9 innings". St. Cloud Times. St. Cloud, Minnesota. AP. October 14, 2007. p. 41. Retrieved March 10, 2019 – via newspapers.com.
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^ Neuffer, Phil (June 7, 2018). "Daily Red Sox Links: J.D. Martinez and the Red Sox's 40 Home Run Club". overthemonster.com. Retrieved March 10, 2019.
^ a b "All-time and Single-Season Postseason Batting Leaders | Baseball-Reference.com". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved January 29, 2018.
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^ Hartwell, Darren (October 2, 2016). "Did David Ortiz Just Post The Greatest Final Season In MLB History?". NESN. Retrieved March 10, 2019.
^ a b c "2006 American League Standard Batting | Baseball-Reference.com". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved January 29, 2018.
^ a b c d "2016 American League Standard Batting | Baseball-Reference.com". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved January 29, 2018.
^ "2004 American League Standard Batting | Baseball-Reference.com". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved January 29, 2018.
^ a b "2005 American League Standard Batting | Baseball-Reference.com". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved January 29, 2018.
^ a b "David Ortiz Stats | Baseball-Reference.com". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved January 29, 2018.
^ Catania, Jason (May 8, 2018). "Most career walk-off home runs in MLB history". MLB.com. Retrieved March 10, 2019.
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to David Ortiz.
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Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=David_Ortiz&oldid=905434565"
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Interview with Mahvash Sabet
Lyrical flights
Mahvash Sabet, a leading representative of the Baha'i religion, spent almost ten years in Iranian prisons because of her faith. She was released in September. Sabet turned her experiences during her confinement into poems, which she managed to smuggle out of prison. Interview by Keyvandokht Ghahari
Ms Sabet, can you describe the day of your release for us?
Mahvash Sabet: My family and I were expecting my release on 19 September. On 18 September, however, I was informed that I was being released. The prison staff didn't even allow me to use the telephone. They just brought me to the exit and that was that. I told them I would get someone to film me and would tell the whole world they had just let me out on the street after ten years in prison with no money, no belongings, and that I didn't know anything and wasn't able to do anything. They couldn't have cared less. When I got outside, I was angry rather than happy. Outside the prison gate, some people were gathered, waiting for the release of their relatives. I asked if someone would make a call for me. One of them phoned my husband.
Where did you serve your ten-year sentence?
Sabet: In various places. The first 82 days were spent in the prison at Mashhad. I was then transferred to block 209 of Evin prison in Tehran, where I spent two-and-a-half years in solitary confinement and was interrogated over and over again. Finally I was put on trial, convicted, and sent to Rajai Shahr prison in Karaj. I was there for ten months. Then they closed the women's section and we were sent to Qarchak prison. Two weeks later I was back in Evin to serve out the rest of my sentence.
How did you spend your days during the years in prison?
Sabet: I wasn't really aware of very much during the days I spent in solitary confinement in the security block. It was a hard time, but I was able to escape into my thoughts, my inner world. I had a lot of time to pray. I saw it as a kind of struggle between what was right, that which I carried in my heart, and the misconceptions in the minds of those who were keeping me locked up. My conviction that we had not done anything wrong was unshakeable; during the interrogations in court and elsewhere, I was certain that our innocence would be established. We were accused of many things, but at no point did I take the allegations seriously. I knew it was impossible to make any kind of legitimate case against me. I could not believe that anyone could receive a twenty-year sentence when there was no evidence against them.
The seven members of the Baha'i leadership imprisoned by the authorities in Iran. On 14 May 2008, Fariba Kamalabadi, Jamaloddin Khanjani, Afif Naeimi, Saeid Rezaie, Behrouz Tavakkoli and Vahid Tizfahm were arrested. Mahvash Sabet had already been remanded in custody several months previously. The five men are still in prison
Were you ill-treated or tortured?
Sabet: I don't want to talk about that at the present time.
You were in a block with other political and social activists. How did you get along with your fellow prisoners?
Sabet: In the wing that housed political and religious prisoners, the prisoners sought a peaceful co-existence. We had created a kind of microcosm of a free country there, where everyone lived according to their faith without fear of discrimination, exclusion or insult. No one gave any heed to whether others were politically active or not.
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Syrian conflict
The war in Syria is not over
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Frank Keating
For the British sports journalist, see Frank Keating (journalist). For the American military officer, see Frank A. Keating.
Find sources: "Frank Keating" – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (August 2011) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)
25th Governor of Oklahoma
January 9, 1995 – January 13, 2003
Mary Fallin
United States Deputy Secretary of Housing and Urban Development
Alfred A. DelliBovi
Terrence R. Duvernay
United States Associate Attorney General
Stephen S. Trott
Wayne Budd
United States Attorney for the Northern District of Oklahoma
Hubert H. Bryant
Layn R. Phillips
Member of the Oklahoma Senate
from the 38th district
Peyton A. Breckinridge
Wayne Winn
Member of the Oklahoma House of Representatives from the 70th district
David Rowland Keating
(1944-02-10) February 10, 1944 (age 75)
St. Louis, Missouri, U.S.
Cathy Keating
Georgetown University (BA)
University of Oklahoma (JD)
Francis Anthony "Frank" Keating II[1] (born February 10, 1944) is an American attorney and politician who served as the 25th governor of Oklahoma from 1995 to 2003.
As of 2014[update], Keating is one of only four governors in Oklahoma history, in addition to George Nigh, Brad Henry and Mary Fallin, to hold consecutive terms and the first Republican to accomplish that feat. As governor, he oversaw the state's response to the Oklahoma City bombing. His term was also marked by the enactment of welfare reform and tax cuts.
2 Federal career
3 Gubernatorial campaigns
4 Governor of Oklahoma
4.1 Oklahoma City bombing
4.2 First term
4.3 Second term
4.4 Oklahoma Supreme Court appointments
5 2000 presidential election
6 Post-governorship
Keating was born on February 10, 1944, in St. Louis, Missouri, the son of Mary Ann (Martin) and Anthony Francis Keating.[2] He was born David Rowland Keating, but his name was changed to Francis Anthony Keating II when he was two.[1] Before he was six months old, his family moved to Oklahoma and settled in Tulsa.[3] A practicing Roman Catholic, Keating attended Cascia Hall Preparatory School in Tulsa, graduating in 1962. Keating attended Georgetown University in Washington, D.C. where he was president of the college student body and an editor of The Hoya,[4] receiving his Bachelor of Arts in history, in 1966. He obtained a J.D. from the University of Oklahoma College of Law, in 1969, where he also was student body president.
Upon receiving his law degree, Keating began his career in law enforcement. The same year he finished law school, Keating was made a Special agent for the Federal Bureau of Investigation. Relocated to the West Coast, Keating was charged with investigating terrorism incidents in the area and other various duties. After years on the coast, Keating returned to Tulsa to become an assistant district attorney.
In 1973, Keating, was elected to the Oklahoma House of Representatives. He would serve a single term in the House, until 1975, when he was elected to the Oklahoma Senate. He would serve in the Senate from 1975 until 1981. While in the Senate, Keating became the minority leader.[3]
Federal career[edit]
Keating's law enforcement career and prominence in the Oklahoma Republican Party prompted newly elected President Ronald Reagan to appoint Keating as the U.S. Attorney for the Northern District of Oklahoma.[5] Keating served from 1981 until 1983, serving for part of that time as chairman of all U.S. Attorneys. He gave up that post in 1983[6] to run for Congress in Oklahoma's 1st congressional district and nearly defeated House Budget Committee chairman James R. Jones, holding him to only 52 percent of the vote as Reagan carried the district.
Shortly after Reagan was sworn in for his second term, he appointed Keating to serve as an assistant secretary of the Treasury and later elevated him to associate attorney general, the third ranking official within the U.S. Department of Justice. These appointments made Keating the highest ranking Oklahoman during the Reagan administration. In his positions as assistant secretary of the Treasury and associate attorney general, Keating oversaw both the Justice and Treasury's law enforcement agencies. These included the United States Customs Service, the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, and Firearms, the Secret Service, the Federal Law Enforcement Training Center, the Federal Bureau of Prisons, the U.S. Marshals, the Immigration and Naturalization Service, all 94 U.S. Attorneys and the U.S. role in Interpol.
Late in the Reagan Administration, Keating continued to serve in the Justice Department in his role as associate attorney general. In 1990, President Bush elevated Keating to general counsel and acting deputy secretary of Housing and Urban Development, that department's second highest office, under Secretary Jack Kemp. He would serve as deputy secretary until 1993. As was the case in the Reagan administration, Keating became the highest ranking Oklahoman in the federal government, under Bush.
On November 14, 1991, Bush nominated Keating to a seat on the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Tenth Circuit, but with Democratic control of the U.S. Senate Judiciary Committee, Keating's nomination languished and no hearing was held before Bush's presidency ended. President Bill Clinton chose not to renominate Keating, instead nominating former Oklahoma Attorney General Robert Harlan Henry, who was subsequently confirmed.[7]
Gubernatorial campaigns[edit]
See also: Oklahoma gubernatorial election, 1994
After two years of private life, in 1994, Keating received the Republican nomination for Governor of Oklahoma. In a three-way race against Democratic nominee Jack Mildren and independent Wes Watkins, Keating was elected with just under 47 percent of the vote. He was undoubtedly helped by the presence of Watkins, a former Democratic Congressman, on the ballot; Watkins siphoned off a number of votes that would have likely gone to Mildren in a three-way race, and his 233,300 votes far exceeded Keating's 171,000-vote margin of victory. Keating was sworn in as the 25th Governor of Oklahoma on January 9, 1995.
Keating faced Democratic nominee Laura Boyd, the first woman to receive a major party's nomination for Oklahoma Governor, in his 1998 re-election campaign. Keating won in a landslide victory, the second of four Governors in Oklahoma history to win two consecutive terms (after George Nigh) and preceding Democrat Brad Henry. He was the only Republican to do so before Mary Fallin in 2014.
Governor of Oklahoma[edit]
The Cabinet of Governor Frank Keating (1995–2003)
Governor Frank Keating 1995–2003
Lieutenant Governor Mary Fallin 1995–2003
Secretary of State Tom Cole 1995–1999
Michael J. Hunter 1999–2002
Kay Dudley 2002–2003
Attorney General Drew Edmondson 1995–2003
State Auditor and Inspector Clifton Scott 1995–2003
State Treasurer Robert Butkin 1995–2003
Insurance Commissioner John Crawford 1995–1999
Carroll Fisher 1999–2003
Labor Commissioner Brenda Reneau 1995–2003
Superintendent of Public Instruction Sandy Garrett 1995–2003
Secretary of Administration Tom Brennan 1995–1997
Pam Warren 1997–2003
Secretary of Agriculture Dennis Howard 1995–2003
Secretary of Commerce Dean Werries 1995–1997
Ron Rosenfeld 1997–1998
Howard Barnett Jr. 1998–1999
Russell M. Perry 1999–2000
Vacant 2000–2003
Secretary of Education Floyd Coppedge 1995–2003
Secretary of Energy Carl Michael Smith 1995–2002
Robert J. Sullivan Jr. 2002–2003
Secretary of the Environment Gary Sherrer 1995–1997
Brian C. Griffin 1997–2003
Secretary of Finance and Revenue Tom Daxon 1995–2003
Secretary of Health and Human Services Ken Lackey 1995–1997
Jerry Regier 1997–2002
Howard Hendrick 2002–2003
Secretary of Human Resources Oscar B. Jackson Jr. 1995–2003
Secretary of the Military Stephen Cortright 1995–2003
Secretary of Safety and Security Robert Ricks 1995–2003
Secretary of Science and Technology W. Arthur Porter 1999–2003
Secretary of Tourism and Recreation Edward H. Cook 1995–1999
Jane Jayroe 1999–2003
Secretary of Transportation Neal A. McCaleb 1995–2001
Herschal Crow 2001–2003
Secretary of Veterans Affairs Norman Lamb 1995–2003
Oklahoma City bombing[edit]
Main article: Oklahoma City bombing
Within three months of taking office, on April 19, the Alfred P. Murrah Federal Building in Oklahoma City was destroyed in the Oklahoma City bombing, in which the lives of 168 people were lost and over 800 people were injured. The blast destroyed or damaged more than 300 buildings in the surrounding area, leaving several hundred people homeless and shutting down business.
Governor Keating mobilized relief and rescue teams to handle the crisis. Over 12,000 people participated in relief and rescue operations in the days following the blast. The national and worldwide humanitarian response was immediate and overwhelming. Governor Keating declared a state of emergency, which allowed the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) to activate 11 of its Urban Search and Rescue Task Forces to assist in rescue and recovery operations.
The national focus climaxed on April 23, when President Bill Clinton, along with Governor Keating and the Reverend Billy Graham, spoke in Oklahoma City. In the weeks following the bombing, rescue efforts ceased and the building was imploded. Through both his own works and the works of his wife Cathy Keating, Governor Keating gained both national and international attention for his efforts to help the victims and their families. Governor Keating also created a $6 million fund to assist victims and provide for college scholarships for children who lost a parent, or both parents, in the attack.
First term[edit]
Governor Keating set out with an agenda for the state under his administration, with many of his initiatives passed, despite an often hostile Democratic controlled Legislature. Many of Keating's proposals were policies designed for growth and reform for Oklahoma. These included education reform, environmental protection, tax relief, road building, economic development, public safety, and tougher law enforcement. Keating created a public-private partnership to assure care for the indigent as well as a stronger medical education program.
Keating's first major success was the passage of the first welfare reform law in the nation in 1995.[8][9] The success of the law served as a model for President Clinton's welfare reform act of 1996. Keating managed to improve road and highway conditions throughout the state without raising taxes.
Keating implemented tougher parole policies and introduced a landmark truth-in-sentencing legislation. Keating also provided no amnesty when handling death sentence criminals, allowing all of those sentenced to death to be executed. Keating also raised the salaries of Oklahoma's state troopers from the lowest in the nation to the 24th highest.
Keating appointed a special task force that created tougher regulations on Oklahoma's hog and poultry industries.[10]
In 1998, Keating became the first governor in 50 years to achieve a tax cut in the state's income tax. This combined with reduction in the sales tax, estate tax, and unemployment tax formed the largest tax break in the state's history until that point.
Second term[edit]
Sworn in on January 11, 1999, Keating's second term began with a progressive agenda, based primarily on education. In his 1999 inaugural address, Keating set four goals for Oklahoma for his second term:
Raising Oklahoma's ACT to the national average by 2005,
Decreasing Oklahoma's divorce rate by 50% before 2010,
Ensure one out of every three Oklahomans has a college degree by 2010, and
Raising Oklahoma's per capita income to reach the national average by 2025
Keating focused largely on education. He increased spending for common, vo-tech, and higher education facilities throughout the state and introduced charter schools to Oklahoma for the first time. His policies and recommendations on education to the Legislature lead to the largest investment, over $100 million, on higher education. Keating, in 2000, also raised teacher pay by over $3000 annually, the largest raise Oklahoma's teacher had ever experienced. Keating even managed to get higher educational facilities attracted to Tulsa for the first time. His legislative agenda required that all Oklahoma students take three years of math and four years of English, History and Science before graduation.
Along with the agenda set forth in his inaugural address, Keating sought to address out-of-wedlock births, substance abuse, and child abuse. Enlisting state government, community groups, and faith organizations, he organized the statewide initiative to strengthen marriage.
Keating struggled to get workers' compensation reform and right to work laws enacted due to the political makeup of the Oklahoma Legislature. Keating adjusted policies, made new appointments to Oklahoma's Worker's Compensation Court, and took other measures to control Oklahoma's rising worker's compensation costs. He would have to wait two years to see his vision for a right to work fulfilled. The Legislature decided to propose anti-union right to work measures as a 2001 constitutional amendment. Keating's six-year battle came to an end when, on September 21, 2001, Oklahomans approved the measure.
As he had done in first term, Keating sought to grant broad-based tax cuts. To further reduce taxes, Keating won passage of an income tax break and of the creation of Oklahoma's earned income credit system to benefit the poor. Also, under Keating's auspices, both Democratic and Republican leaders in the Legislature launched studies to examine Oklahoma's tax system, with the purpose of overhauling the entire system. During the study, the complete elimination of Oklahoma's income tax was proposed.
Keating signed a major criminal justice bill that reformed Truth in Sentencing law in Oklahoma.
In other legislative initiatives, Keating signed the repeal of Oklahoma's annual vehicle inspection program. He also granted state correctional officers and highway patrol troopers pay raises. Keating addressed the problems faced in Oklahoma's Tar Creek Superfund site by appointing a task force on the issue.
Among Keating's other accomplishments; overseeing the largest road construction project in Oklahoma history and leading his state through devastating tornadoes in 1999. As a crowning achievement, Keating raised more than $20 million in private money towards completion of the Oklahoma State Capitol with a dome. The capitol was originally designed for a dome, but state funding for it had run dry during World War I.
Term limits prevented him from running for a third term; he was succeeded by Brad Henry as governor.
Oklahoma Supreme Court appointments[edit]
Governor Keating appointed the following Justices to the Oklahoma Supreme Court:
James R. Winchester – 2000
During the 2000 presidential election, Keating, while still Governor of Oklahoma, was considered a potential candidate for the Republican nomination of Vice President of the United States under George W. Bush.
Post-governorship[edit]
In 2002 he authored a children's book about Oklahoma humorist Will Rogers. Another children's book about Theodore Roosevelt followed in 2006. Keating's third children's book about the trial of Standing Bear was published in 2008. His most recent children's book about George Washington was published in 2012. Keating also served on the boards of the National Archives, the Jamestown Foundation, the Federal City Council,[11] and Mt. Vernon. He was president of the Federal City Council and chairman of the Mount Vernon Advisory Board. He currently lives in McLean, Virginia
Keating and his wife Cathy are the parents of three children, Carrie, Kelly, and Chip. In 2001, Cathy Keating was an unsuccessful candidate for the Republican nomination to one of Oklahoma's seats in the U.S. House of Representatives being vacated by Steve Largent. In 2006, Chip Keating was an unsuccessful candidate for the Republican nomination to a seat in the Oklahoma House of Representatives.
On December 2, 2006, columnist Robert Novak suggested Keating might be a candidate for the 2008 Republican presidential nomination.[12]
On December 20, 2006, Keating visited Columbia, South Carolina, where he spoke to a group of GOP supporters about a possible 2008 Presidential bid.[13] On January 17, 2007, Keating was quoted in the Tulsa World as declining a possible run for the U.S. Presidency in 2008.[14] His reasons for not running were associated with the relative head starts in preparations of U.S. Senator John McCain and former Massachusetts Governor Mitt Romney. In February 2007 Keating appeared in Spartanburg, South Carolina and endorsed McCain's bid.[15]
Following his two terms as governor, Keating accepted a position as President and Chief Executive Officer of the American Council of Life Insurers, the trade association for the life insurance and retirement security industry. Keating's former Secretary of State, Michael J. Hunter, served alongside his former boss at ACLI where Hunter served as Executive Vice President and Chief Operating Officer.
On January 1, 2011, Keating became president and CEO of the American Bankers Association.[16] Founded in 1875, the American Bankers Association represents banks of all sizes and charters and is the voice for the nation's $14 trillion banking industry and its 2 million employees.
Keating served as a member of the Debt Reduction Task Force and Housing Commission at the Bipartisan Policy Center.[17][18]
Amid the immigration debate of 2013, Keating wrote an op-ed in which he announced support for the bipartisan Senate comprehensive immigration reform bill, arguing among other things that the bill's passage would shore up the future solvency of Social Security and Medicare.[19]
On February 4, 2016, Keating joined the law firm of Holland & Knight as a partner.[20]
On March 14, 2017, Keating was nominated by Oklahoma Governor Mary Fallin to serve on the University of Oklahoma Board of Regents.[21]
April 19, 1995: Three months after he was sworn in as Oklahoma governor, a fertilizer bomb exploded in front of a federal building in the capital killing 168 people.
Further information: Oklahoma City bombing
June 2002: Keating, a practicing Roman Catholic, was named chairman of the U.S. Conference of Catholic Bishops National Review Board examining sex abuse by Catholic priests.
June 16, 2003: Keating stepped down from the Review Board. The resignation came days after Los Angeles Cardinal Roger Mahony criticized Keating for comparing some church leaders to the Mafia. In his resignation letter, Keating said, "My remarks, which some Bishops found offensive, were deadly accurate. I make no apology.... To resist Grand Jury subpoenas, to suppress the names of offending clerics, to deny, to obfuscate, to explain away; that is the model of a criminal organization, not my church."
George H. W. Bush judicial appointment controversies
Keating v. Edmondson
47th Oklahoma Legislature
^ a b http://newsok.com/article/2483672
^ http://voicesofoklahoma.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/05/Keating_Transcript.pdf
^ a b Everett, Diana. Keating, Frank Anthony (1944– ) Archived July 18, 2010, at the Wayback Machine, Oklahoma Historical Society's Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History and Culture (accessed April 4, 2013).
^ Streeter, Bill (January 2011). "New Man at the Helm". ABA Banking Journal. Archived from the original on June 13, 2015. Retrieved June 9, 2015.
^ Oklahoma Governor Frank Keating (accessed April 6, 2013).
^ Keating resigns as U.S. Attorney, Newsok.com, December 2, 1983 (accessed April 6, 2013).
^ Google Search[permanent dead link]
^ Welfare Reform in Oklahoma Archived December 18, 2010, at the Wayback Machine, Oksenate.gov Issue Papers (accessed April 6, 2013).
^ History of the Oklahoma Department of Human Services Archived June 12, 2015, at the Wayback Machine (accessed April 6, 2013).
^ Biographical Note on Frank Keating, Oklahoma Department of Libraries (accessed April 6, 2013).
^ "Local Briefing". The Washington Post. October 31, 2005. p. D2.
^ Novak, Robert. Hamstringing Bush (accessed April 5, 2013).
^ Keating visits South Carolina while mulling presidential run, WISTV.com (accessed April 6, 2013).
^ Tulsaworld.com
^ Novak, Robert. Bill's Displeasure: McCain's New Backer Archived February 20, 2008, at the Wayback Machine Townhall.com (accessed April 5, 2013).
^ Phil Mattingly, Former Oklahoma Governor Keating to Head Banking Trade Group, Bloomberg, November 23, 2010.
^ "Debt Reduction Task Force Members". Archived from the original on December 13, 2010. Retrieved November 13, 2011.
^ http://bipartisanpolicy.org/projects/housing/members
^ Frank Keating, What would Reagan do?, Los Angeles Times (November 11, 2013).
^ http://thehill.com/business-a-lobbying/business-a-lobbying/268251-former-head-of-bankers-association-to-holland-knight
^ http://newsok.com/article/5541593
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Frank Keating.
American Council of Life Insurers Website
Voices of Oklahoma interview with Frank Keating. First person interview conducted on April 20, 2013, with Frank Keating.
Legal offices
Stephen Trott United States Associate Attorney General
Party political offices
Bill Price Republican nominee for Governor of Oklahoma
1994, 1998 Succeeded by
Steve Largent
David Beasley Chair of the Republican Governors Association
Ed Schafer
David Walters Governor of Oklahoma
Governors of Oklahoma
Territorial (1890–1907)
Renfrow
State (since 1907)
W. Murray
J. Murray
Edmondson
Bellmon
Fallin
Stitt
Italics indicate acting governors
Cabinet of Governor of Oklahoma Frank Keating (1995–2003)
Tom Cole (1995–1999)
Mike Hunter (1999–2002)
Kay Dudley (2002–2003)
Secretary of Administration
Tom Brennan (1995–97)
Pam Warren (1997–2003)
Secretary of Agriculture
Dennis Howard (1995–2003)
Secretary of Commerce
Dean Werries (1995–97)
Ron Rosenfeld (1997–98)
Howard Barnett Jr. (1998–99)
Russell M. Perry (1999–2000)
Vacant (2000–03)
Secretary of Education
Floyd Coppedege (1995–2003)
Carl Michael Smith (1995–2002)
Robert J. Sullivan Jr. (2002–03)
Secretary of the Environment
Gary Sherrer (1995–97)
Brian C. Griffin (1997–2003)
Secretary of Finance and Revenue
Tom Daxon (1995–2003)
Secretary of Health and Human Services
Ken Lackey (1995–97)
Jerry Regier (1997–2002)
Howard Hendrick (2002–03)
Secretary of Human Resources
Oscar B. Jackson Jr. (1995–2003)
Secretary of the Military
Stephen Cortright (1995–2003)
Secretary of Safety and Security
Bob Ricks (1995–2003)
Secretary of Science and Technology
W. Arthur Porter (1999–2003)
Secretary of Tourism and Recreation
Edward H. Cook (1995–99)
Jane Anne Jayroe (1999–2003)
Secretary of Transportation
Neal McCaleb (1995–2001)
Herschal Crow (2001–03)
Secretary of Veterans Affairs
Norman Lamb (1995–2003)
SNAC: w6v133c7
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Frank_Keating&oldid=905243738"
21st-century American politicians
American people of Irish descent
FBI agents
Georgetown University alumni
Members of the Oklahoma House of Representatives
Oklahoma Republicans
Oklahoma state senators
Politicians from St. Louis
Politicians from Tulsa, Oklahoma
Republican Party state governors of the United States
Roman Catholic activists
United States Associate Attorneys General
United States Attorneys for the Northern District of Oklahoma
United States Deputy Secretaries of Housing and Urban Development
University of Oklahoma College of Law alumni
Holland & Knight partners
Catholics from Missouri
Catholics from Oklahoma
BLP articles lacking sources from August 2011
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Military of the Falkland Islands
British Forces South Atlantic Islands
The British Joint Forces flag flown in the Falklands[1]
Joint Service (Royal Navy, British Army, Royal Air Force)
1,350[2] in 2012
Commander British Forces South Atlantic Islands
Brigadier Baz Bennett
Aircraft flown
Airbus A400M Atlas C1, Voyager KC2 & Chinook HC.4.
The Falkland Islands are a British overseas territory and, as such, rely on the UK for the guarantee of their security. The other UK territories in the South Atlantic, South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands, fall under the protection of British Forces South Atlantic Islands (BFSAI), formerly known as British Forces Falkland Islands (BFFI), which includes commitments from the British Army, Royal Air Force and Royal Navy.[3] They are headed by the Commander of the British Forces South Atlantic Islands (CBFSAI).[4]
Argentina invaded and took control of the Falklands on 2 April 1982. After recapturing the territory in June 1982, the UK invested heavily in the defence of the islands, the centrepiece of which was a new airfield at RAF Mount Pleasant, 27 miles (43 km) west of Stanley.[5] The base was opened in 1985, and became fully operational in 1986.[6]
1 Falkland Islands Defence Force
2 Royal Navy
3 British Army
4 Royal Air Force
5 Joint Service
6 Augmentation forces
7 Commanders
8 British Forces South Atlantic Islands installations
Falkland Islands Defence Force[edit]
Main article: Falkland Islands Defence Force
The Falkland Islands maintains its own part-time volunteer force, the Falkland Islands Defence Force (FIDF), previously known as the Falkland Islands Volunteer Corps. Although this unit existed in 1982 as a reinforcement for the Governor's detachment of Royal Marines, it did not play any part in the main conflict during the war of 1982, its members having spent the duration of the hostilities under house arrest by the Argentines after their surrender on the Argentine capture of the islands.[7][8][9] The FIDF is now a company-strength light infantry force with a permanent training Warrant Officer seconded from the Royal Marines. The FIDF operates in a number of roles and is fully integrated into the defence scheme for the islands. The FIDF has been trained by the Royal Navy to operate Oerlikon 20 mm cannon and to board vessels suspected of fishery poaching.[10]
Royal Navy[edit]
HMS Dauntless, a Type 45 guided missile destroyer.
RAF Mount Pleasant has its own port facility[11] called Mare Harbour, operated by Naval Party 2010 (NP2010). The Royal Navy maintains a presence in the area with a frigate or guided missile destroyer accompanied by an RFA vessel in the South Atlantic and a patrol ship, currently HMS Clyde, permanently close to the islands.[12] In addition, an Ice Patrol Ship, HMS Protector, is on station close to Antarctica for six months of the year.[13]
The warship and RFA vessel carry out the Atlantic Patrol Task (South) mission, which "provides a maritime presence to protect the UK's interests in the region". The Type 42 destroyer HMS Edinburgh took over the South Atlantic Patrol Task in October 2006,[14] replacing HMS Southampton. Prior to Southampton's deployment in August 2005, the role was filled by HMS Cardiff, which was decommissioned on return to the UK. As of February 2010, the on-station warship was the Type 42 destroyer HMS York. In late April 2010, HMS York was relieved by the Type 23 frigate HMS Portland. In August 2010, HMS Portland was relieved by the Type 42 destroyer HMS Gloucester. On 21 April 2011, HMS York arrived at the East Cove Military Port in the Falkland Islands, beginning patrol duties for the islands.[15] October 2011 saw the arrival of the Type 23 frigate HMS Montrose, generating a statement from UNASUR (Union of South American Nations). The Type 45 guided missile destroyer HMS Dauntless replaced HMS Montrose as of April 2012.[16] In early August 2013, HMS Richmond was deployed to be the ship for the Royal Navy's Atlantic Patrol.[17] HMS Portland was again deployed in January 2014.
HMS Torbay, a Trafalgar-class nuclear submarine.
The Falkland Islands Patrol ship is a River-class patrol vessel, which replaced the previous Castle-class patrol vessel. In 2007, HMS Clyde relieved HMS Dumbarton Castle and HMS Leeds Castle. It is planned to be replaced by HMS Forth in 2018.[18][19]
The Royal Navy also has Trafalgar and Astute-class nuclear submarines that it can deploy to the area, though such deployments are classified. The threat from submarines to hostile ships was demonstrated during the Falklands War when HMS Conqueror sank the Argentine cruiser ARA General Belgrano. The Royal Navy's submarines also carry BGM-109 Tomahawk cruise missiles, which have a range of 1,500 miles (2,400 km) and can strike at targets within an enemy country. The Sun newspaper has speculated that a Swiftsure-class attack submarine, HMS Sceptre, was sent to the islands in March 2010.[20] In February 2012, a Trafalgar-class nuclear submarine may have been deployed to the Falkland Islands.[21][22]
British Army[edit]
Rapier missile system.
The British Army maintains a garrison on the Falkland Islands based at Mount Pleasant. The total deployment is about 1,200 personnel made up of a roulement infantry company, an engineer squadron, a signals unit (part of the Joint Communications Unit – see below), a logistics group and supporting services.[23][24][25]
The British Army contributes to the Joint Service Explosive Ordnance Disposal group (see below) in the Falkland Islands, providing 33 Engineer Regiment (EOD) and RLC EOD teams.[26] This has been reduced to a team of 11 personnel.[27]
Royal Air Force[edit]
Voyager KC2
A400M
RAF Mount Pleasant was built in 1985 with the capability of accepting large trans-Atlantic aircraft such as the Lockheed TriStar. The TriStar was purchased mainly for the UK-Falklands route; until their entry into service, the UK used leased 747s and 767s.[28]
Originally Lockheed Hercules C.1K were used for air-to-air refuelling missions, but these were later replaced by a VC10. On 31 August 2013 the VC10 was replaced by a TriStar K.1 which was itself replaced by a Voyager KC.2 in February 2014.[citation needed] When a fighter is launched, it is almost immediately followed by the tanker as changeable weather conditions might make diversion to another airfield necessary. The Voyager however will be unable to fit within a hangar at RAF Mount Pleasant.[29]
Four Typhoon aircraft provide air defence for the islands and surrounding territories and have a secondary ground attack role.
The helicopters of No. 1564 Flight (formerly No. 78 Squadron) provided air transport missions. The Sea Kings carried out short and medium range search and rescue missions, until their retirement. AAR Corp was awarded a contract for helicopter search and rescue services in the Falkland Islands to replace 1564 Flight, using AgustaWestland AW189 helicopters in the role from 2016.[30] In March 2015, the UK announced that a pair of Chinooks would be stationed in the Falklands again, the first of which started flying in June 2016.[31][32] 1564 Flight disbanded in March 2016.[33]
A C-130 Hercules was used for transport, search and rescue and maritime patrol until replaced with an A400M Atlas C1 in April 2018.
No. 905 Expeditionary Air Wing
No. 1435 Flight – 4 Eurofighter Typhoons
No. 1312 Flight – 1 Voyager KC2,[34] 1 Airbus A400M Atlas[35]
No. 1310 Flight – 2 Chinook HC.4.[36][37]
Joint Service[edit]
The Joint Communications Unit Falkland Islands (JCUFI) provides the electronic warfare and command and control systems for the Royal Navy, Army and RAF stationed there. It incorporates the Army's signals unit and RAF personnel.[38]
Joint Service Explosive Ordnance Disposal in the Falkland Islands consists of 33 Engineer Regiment (EOD), RAF and RLC EOD teams. It is mainly based in Stanley, but there is also a detachment at Mount Pleasant. The groups operates the Joint Service Explosive Ordnance Disposal Operations Centre. The group destroys munitions from the Falklands War that did not explode at the time and briefs troops, tourists and citizens on the areas that are safe and the minefield markings that have been put in place.[26][39]
Augmentation forces[edit]
The UK maintains a Joint Rapid Reaction Force, which contains elements of all three services, that could be deployed to the islands in the event of receiving intelligence of a specific threat to the islands.
Commanders[edit]
The following have served as Commander British Forces Falkland Islands/South Atlantic Islands:
General Sir Peter de la Billière (1984–85)[40]
Air Marshal Sir John Kemball (1986)[41]
Rear Admiral Christopher Layman
Major General A. Neil Carlier
Air Vice Marshal David Crwys-Williams (1988–89)[42]
Major General Malcolm Hunt RM
Air Commodore Ray Dixon (1998–99)
Brigadier David Nicholls (1999)[43]
Brigadier Geoff Sheldon (2000)[44]
Air Vice Marshal John Cliffe (2001)
Vice Admiral Sir Richard Ibbotson (February 2002)[45]
Brigadier James Gordon (December 2002)
Brigadier Anthony Wilson (2003)
Air Vice Marshal Richard Lacey (2004)[46]
Rear Admiral Ian Moncrieff (2005)[47][48]
Brigadier Nick Davies (2007)[49]
Air Commodore Gordon Moulds (2008)
Commodore Philip Thicknesse (2009)[50]
Brigadier William Aldridge (2011)[51]
Air Commodore Russell La Forte (2013)
Commodore Darren Bone RN (2015)
Brigadier Baz Bennett (2017)[52]
Brigadier Nick Sawyer (December 2018)[53]
British Forces South Atlantic Islands installations[edit]
Mount Pleasant Complex[54] East Falkland 1985 HQ for British Force South Atlantic Islands with approximately 1000 Joint Service personnel permanently deployed.
Falklands Defence Force HQ, Stanley[55] East Falkland
Mare Harbour East Falkland
RAF Mount Alice West Falkland One of two early-warning and airspace control radar sites on West Falkland.
RAF Mount Byron West Falkland One of two early-warning and airspace control radar sites on West Falkland.
RAF Mount Kent East Falkland An early-warning and airspace control radar site on East Falkland.
RAF Mount Pleasant - British Army and RAF base
Mare Harbour - Royal Navy base
List of British Army installations
^ Flags of the World. "Falkland Islands". Archived from the original on 16 October 2006. Retrieved 23 September 2006.
^ "Military personnel in Falkland Islands totals 1.060, says MoD". Merco Press. Retrieved 26 September 2015.
^ Permanent Joint Headquarters. "British Forces South Atlantic Islands". Archived from the original on 13 May 2006. Retrieved 19 June 2006.
^ Falkland Islands Information Portal. "Acronyms". Archived from the original on 19 June 2006. Retrieved 19 June 2006.
^ "Distance between London united kingdom and Port Stanley falkland islands (islas malvinas)". mapcrow.info. Retrieved 26 September 2015.
^ Falkland Islands Government. "Defence". Archived from the original on 5 May 2006. Retrieved 19 June 2006.
^ Falkland Islands Information Portal. "Falkland Islands Defence Force: 150 years of Voluntary Service". Archived from the original on 27 April 2006. Retrieved 19 June 2006.
^ Land Forces of Britain, the Empire and Commonwealth. "Falkland Islands Defence Force". Archived from the original on 27 May 2006. Retrieved 19 June 2006.
^ Falkland Islands Rifle Association. "History". Archived from the original on 13 December 2006. Retrieved 19 June 2006.
^ "Defense & Security Intelligence & Analysis: IHS Jane's - IHS". janes.com. Retrieved 26 September 2015.
^ Falkland Islands Portal. "Defence". Archived from the original on 26 April 2006. Retrieved 19 June 2006.
^ "HMS CLYDE". MoD. Archived from the original on 24 March 2014. Retrieved 24 March 2014.
^ Michael Powell. HMS Protector will be Endurance replacement. The News. Portsmouth, 11 January 2011
^ MOD. "HMS Edinburgh News". Archived from the original on 1 November 2006. Retrieved 6 November 2006.
^ [1] Archived 29 April 2011 at the Wayback Machine
^ "HMS Dauntless destroyer deployed to Falklands by navy". BBC News. 31 January 2012.
^ "HMS Richmond returns home after epic seven-month 33,316-mile odyssey scouring the furthest points of the Atlantic Ocean". Saily Mail. 21 February 2014. Retrieved 26 September 2015.
^ "Make way for Medway as second new patrol ship is named". Royal Navy. 20 October 2017. Retrieved 30 October 2017.
^ http://en.mercopress.com/2018/02/22/falklands-new-patrol-vessel-starts-her-long-journey-to-the-south-atlantic
^ Duncan Larcombe; John Kay; Steve Hawkes (17 March 2010). "Navy sends attack sub to Falklands". The Sun. London: News International. Retrieved 25 April 2010. A Royal Navy attack submarine has been sent to boost security around the Falkland Islands – as speculation mounts that drillers have found oil there, The Sun can reveal.
^ Williams, David; Drury, Ian (3 February 2012). "Nuclear sub on Falklands patrol... as the flames of fury continue in Argentina". Daily Mail. London.
^ [2] Archived 7 February 2012 at the Wayback Machine
^ British Army. "Falkland Islands". Archived from the original on 15 June 2006. Retrieved 19 June 2006.
^ Royal Logistic Corps. "Falkland Islands". Archived from the original on 17 January 2006. Retrieved 19 June 2006.
^ Ministry of Defence. "Falkland Islands HIVE". Archived from the original on 14 June 2006. Retrieved 19 June 2006.
^ a b Royal Engineers. "Joint Services Explosive Ordnance Disposal in the Falkland Islands". Archived from the original on 11 June 2006. Retrieved 19 June 2006.
^ "Minutes" (PDF). The Royal Engineers Association. 29 January 2014. Archived from the original (PDF) on 24 September 2015. Retrieved 26 September 2015.
^ Royal Air Force. "Mount Pleasant, Falkland Islands". Archived from the original on 20 June 2006. Retrieved 19 June 2006.
^ "Future Strategic Tanker Aircraft". theyworkforyou.com. Retrieved 26 September 2015.
^ "AAR Awarded 10-Year Search & Rescue Contract in the Falkland Islands by UK MOD - General News - News - AAR Corporate". aarcorp.com. Retrieved 26 September 2015.
^ https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-politics-32031342
^ http://www.janes.com/article/61986/uk-returning-chinooks-to-falkland-islands
^ http://forces.tv/33996444
^ "RAF Retires TriStar Tankers As Voyager Fleet Grows". Aviation International News. Retrieved 26 September 2015.
^ https://twitter.com/FalklandsinUK/status/978991266141581312
^ "Clyde catches the whirlybird during demanding aviation training in the Falklands". Royal Navy. 11 October 2016. Retrieved 15 January 2016.
^ "FOIA 2017/1418" (PDF). gov.uk. 24 February 2017. Retrieved 29 July 2017.
^ Royal Corps of Signals. "Falkland Islands". Archived from the original on 29 March 2005. Retrieved 19 June 2006.
^ CISR. "James Madison University - Our work improves lives". jmu.edu. Retrieved 26 September 2015.
^ "Britain's Small Wars". britains-smallwars.com. Archived from the original on 29 August 2014. Retrieved 26 September 2015.
^ "AROUND THE WORLD; Falkland Islands Mark 4th Anniversary of War". The New York Times. 16 June 1986.
^ "Brigadier David Nicholls". The Daily Telegraph. 22 July 2006. Retrieved 26 September 2015.
^ [4] Archived 21 August 2008 at the Wayback Machine
^ "Chilean General Did Everything to Help the British Win in 1982 - Falkland Islands News". sartma.com. Retrieved 26 September 2015.
^ "Penguin News Update". MercoPress. Retrieved 26 September 2015.
^ "Falklands' veteran, Commander of British Forces South Atlantic Islands". MercoPress. Retrieved 26 September 2015.
^ "New Falklands' British Forces commander played key role in UK 2009 floods' rescue operations". MercoPress. Retrieved 26 September 2015.
^ http://en.mercopress.com/2017/04/14/falklands-new-cbfsai-brg-bennett
^ "Brigadier Nick Sawyer, new Commander British Forces South Atlantic Islands". MercoPress. 7 December 2018. Retrieved 28 December 2018.
^ "Ministry of Defence - Defence For... - The Service Community - Overseas Posting - British Forces South Atlantic Islands - British Forces South Atlantic Islands (BFSAI)". Archived from the original on 26 October 2012. Retrieved 17 March 2016.
^ "Home - FIDF". Retrieved 17 March 2016.
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Tinker v. Des Moines Independent Community School District
United States Supreme Court case
Argued November 12, 1968
Decided February 24, 1969
John F. Tinker and Mary Beth Tinker, minors, by their father and next friend, Leonard Tinker and Christopher Eckhardt, minor, by his father and next friend, William Eckhardt v. The Des Moines Independent Community School District, et al.
89 S. Ct. 733; 21 L. Ed. 2d 731; 1969 U.S. LEXIS 2443; 49 Ohio Op. 2d 222
Plaintiff's complaint dismissed, 258 F.Supp. 971 (S.D. Iowa 1966); affirmed, 383 F.2d 988 (8th Cir. 1967); cert. granted, 390 U.S. 942 (1968)
None on record
The First Amendment, as applied through the Fourteenth, did not permit a public school to punish a student for wearing a black armband as an anti-war protest, absent any evidence that the rule was necessary to avoid substantial interference with school discipline or the rights of others.
Hugo Black · William O. Douglas
John M. Harlan II · William J. Brennan Jr.
Potter Stewart · Byron White
Abe Fortas · Thurgood Marshall
Fortas, joined by Warren, Douglas, Brennan, White, Marshall
U.S. Const. amends. I, XIV; 42 U.S.C. § 1983
Wikisource has original text related to this article:
Tinker v. Des Moines Independent Community School District, 393 U.S. 503 (1969), was a landmark decision by the United States Supreme Court that defined First Amendment rights of students in U.S. public schools. The Tinker test, also known as the "substantial disruption" test, is still used by courts today to determine whether a school's interest to prevent disruption infringes upon students' First Amendment rights.
1 Background of the case
1.1 Legal precedents and issues
2 Facts of the case
3 The Court's decision
3.1 Majority opinion
3.2 Dissents
4.1 Subsequent jurisprudence
4.2 Tinker Tour
Background of the case[edit]
In 1965, Des Moines, Iowa five students decided to wear black armbands to school in protest of the Vietnam War and supporting the Christmas Truce called for by Senator Robert F. Kennedy. Among the students were John F. Tinker (15 years old), his siblings Mary Beth Tinker (13 years old), Hope Tinker (11 years old), and Paul Tinker (8 years old), along with their friend Christopher Eckhardt (16 years old). The students wore the armbands to several schools in the Des Moines Independent Community School District (North High School for John, Roosevelt High School for Christopher, Warren Harding Junior High School for Mary Beth, elementary school for Hope and Paul).
The Tinker family had been involved in civil rights activism before the student protest. The Tinker children's mother, Lorena, was a leader of the Peace Organization in Des Moines.[1] Christopher Eckhardt and John Tinker attended a protest the previous month against the Vietnam War in Washington, D.C.[2] The principals of the Des Moines schools learned of the plan and met before the incident occurred on December 16 to create a policy that stated that school children wearing an armband would be asked to remove it immediately. Students violating the policy would be suspended and allowed to return to school after agreeing to comply with it. The participants decided to violate this policy. Hope and Paul Tinker were not in violation of the policy, since the policy was not applicable to elementary schools, and were not punished.[1] No violence or disruption was proven to have occurred due to the students wearing the armbands.[2] Mary Beth Tinker and Christopher Eckhardt were suspended from school for wearing the armbands on December 16 and John Tinker was suspended for doing the same on the following day.
Legal precedents and issues[edit]
Previous decisions, such as West Virginia State Board of Education v. Barnette, had established that students did have some constitutional protections in public school. This case was the first time that the court set forth standards for safeguarding public school students' free speech rights. This case involved symbolic speech, which was first recognized in Stromberg v. California.[3]
Facts of the case[edit]
A suit was filed after the Iowa Civil Liberties Union approached the Tinker family and the ACLU agreed to help with the lawsuit. Dan Johnston was the lead attorney on the case.[1] The Des Moines Independent Community School District represented the school officials who suspended the students. The children's fathers filed suit in the U.S. District Court, which upheld the decision of the Des Moines school board. A tie vote in the U.S. Court of Appeals for the 8th Circuit meant that the U.S. District Court's decision continued to stand, and forced the Tinkers and Eckhardts to appeal to the Supreme Court directly. The only students involved in the lawsuit were Mary Beth Tinker, John Tinker, and Christopher Eckhardt.[1] During the time of the case, the Tinker family received hate mail and death threats, among other hateful messages.[1]
The case was argued before the court on November 12, 1968. It was funded by Des Moines residents Louise Noun, then the president of the Iowa Civil Liberties Union, and her brother, Joseph Rosenfield, a businessman.[4]
The Court's decision[edit]
Majority opinion[edit]
The court's 7–2 decision held that the First Amendment applied to public schools, and that administrators would have to demonstrate constitutionally valid reasons for any specific regulation of speech in the classroom. The court observed, "It can hardly be argued that either students or teachers shed their constitutional rights to freedom of speech or expression at the schoolhouse gate."[5] Justice Abe Fortas wrote the majority opinion, holding that the speech regulation at issue in Tinker was "based upon an urgent wish to avoid the controversy which might result from the expression, even by the silent symbol of armbands, of opposition to this Nation's part in the conflagration in Vietnam." This decision made students and adults equal in terms of First Amendment rights while at school. Bethel School District v. Fraser and Hazelwood v. Kuhlmeier later rewrote this implication, limiting the freedoms granted to students.[6]
The Court held that for school officials to justify censoring speech, they "must be able to show that [their] action was caused by something more than a mere desire to avoid the discomfort and unpleasantness that always accompany an unpopular viewpoint," that the conduct that would "materially and substantially interfere with the requirements of appropriate discipline in the operation of the school."[7] The Court found that the actions of the Tinkers in wearing armbands did not cause disruption and held that their activity represented constitutionally protected symbolic speech. The Court ruled that First Amendment rights were not absolute, and could be withheld if there was a “carefully restricted circumstance.” Student speech that has the potential to cause disruption is not protected by Tinker.[8]
Dissents[edit]
Justices Hugo Black and John M. Harlan II dissented. Black, who had long believed that disruptive "symbolic speech" was not constitutionally protected, wrote, "While I have always believed that under the First and Fourteenth Amendments neither the State nor the Federal Government has any authority to regulate or censor the content of speech, I have never believed that any person has a right to give speeches or engage in demonstrations where he pleases and when he pleases." Black argued that the Tinkers' behavior was indeed disruptive and declared, "I repeat that if the time has come when pupils of state-supported schools, kindergartens, grammar schools, or high schools, can defy and flout orders of school officials to keep their minds on their own schoolwork, it is the beginning of a new revolutionary era of permissiveness in this country fostered by the judiciary."[9]
Harlan dissented on the grounds that he "[found] nothing in this record which impugns the good faith of respondents in promulgating the armband regulation."[10]
Mary Beth Tinker speaks at Ohio University in 2014 during her Tinker Tour USA.
Subsequent jurisprudence[edit]
Tinker remains a viable and frequently cited court precedent, and court decisions citing Tinker have both protected and limited the scope of student free speech rights. Tinker was cited in the 1973 court case Papish v. Board of Curators of the University of Missouri, which ruled that the expulsion of a student for distributing a newspaper on campus containing what the school deemed to be "indecent speech" violated the First Amendment. In the 1986 court case Bethel School District v. Fraser, the Supreme Court ruled that a high school student's sexual innuendo-laden speech during a school assembly was not constitutionally protected. The court said the protection of student political speech created in the Tinker case did not extend to vulgar language in a school setting. The court ruled that similar language may be constitutionally protected if used by adults to make a political point, but that those protections did not apply to students in a public school.
Hazelwood v. Kuhlmeier was a 1988 court case where a high school principal blocked the school paper from publishing two articles about divorce and teenage pregnancy. The Supreme Court ruled that schools have the right to regulate the content of non-forum, school-sponsored newspapers under "legitimate pedagogical concerns." The court reasoned that the principal's editorial decision was justified because the paper was a non-public forum since it was school-sponsored and existed as a platform for students in a journalism class. The Court in Hazelwood said that under the doctrine of Perry Education Association v. Perry Local Educators Association, a 1982 court case that clarified the definition of a public forum, a school facility like a newspaper only qualifies as a public forum if school authorities make those facilities available for "indiscriminate use by the general public."
The Court's rulings in Fraser and Hazelwood state that a “substantial disruption” or infringing on the rights of other students was reason enough to restrict student freedom of speech or expression. Some experts argue that the three individual cases each act independently of one another and govern different types of student speech.[6] It is argued that Fraser does not interfere with Tinker, since Fraser questions sexual speech while Tinker protects political speech.[8] While some believe that Tinker's protections were overturned by Fraser and Kuhlmeier, others believe that the latter cases created exceptions to the Tinker ruling.[6] Others argue that a broad reading of Tinker allows for viewpoint discrimination on certain topics of student speech.[11]
In 2013, the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit re-heard a case en banc that had been argued before a panel of three of its judges, considering whether middle school students could be prohibited from wearing bracelets promoting breast cancer awareness that were imprinted with "I ♥ Boobies! (Keep a Breast)."[12] The Third Circuit cited Tinker when ruling that the school's ban on the bracelets violated the students' right to free speech because the bracelets were not plainly offensive or disruptive.[13] The court also cited Fraser, saying the bracelets were not lewd speech.[13] The Supreme Court later declined to take up the case.[14]
Several cases have arisen from the modern display of the Confederate flag. Courts applying the "disruption" test under Tinker have held that schools may prohibit students from wearing clothing with Confederate symbols.[15] The U.S. Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit cited Tinker in the 2013 court case Hardwick v. Heyward to rule that prohibiting a student from wearing Confederate flag shirt did not violate the First Amendment because there was evidence that the shirt could cause disruption.[16] Exceptions to this are the 2010 court case Defoe v. Spiva and the 2000 court case Castorina v. Madison County School Board.[15] The U.S. Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit said in Castorina v. Madison County School Board that based on Tinker and other Supreme Court rulings, the school board could not ban Confederate flag T-shirts while other "controversial racial and political symbols" like the "X" symbol associated with Malcolm X and the Black Muslim movement were permitted.[17] In Defoe v. Spiva, the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit ruled that "racially hostile or contemptuous speech" can be restricted, even if it was not disruptive.[18] This deviated from the Tinker ruling, which said the school's restriction of the Tinkers' speech was unconstitutional because it was not disruptive.
The U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit applied Tinker in February 2014 to rule that a California school did not violate the First Amendment in Dariano v. Morgan Hill Unified School District, where a school banned American flag apparel during a Cinco de Mayo celebration. The school said they had enacted the ban due to a conflict caused by American flag apparel that had occurred at the event the previous year.[19] The Ninth Circuit declined to re-hear the case en banc and the U.S. Supreme Court later declined to review the case.[20]
Tinker Tour[edit]
Mary Beth Tinker decided to embark on a tour around the United States, called the Tinker Tour, beginning in 2013 to "bring real-life civics lessons to students through the Tinker armband story and the stories of other young people."[21] The tour is a project of the Student Press Law Center.
Freedom of speech portal
Supreme Court of the United States portal
Schenck v. United States, 249 U.S. 47 (1919)
Miller v. California, 413 U.S. 15 (1973)
Broussard v. School Board of Norfolk
Gillman v. Holmes County School District (2008)
^ a b c d e Shackelford, Kelly (November 2014). "Mary Beth and John Tinker andTinker v. Des Moines: Opening the schoolhouse gates to first amendment freedom". Journal of Supreme Court History. 39 (3): 372–385. doi:10.1111/j.1540-5818.2014.12054.x. ISSN 1059-4329.
^ a b "The Struggle for Student Rights: Tinker V. Des Moines and the 1960S". The Annals of Iowa. 57 (4): 397–399. October 1998. doi:10.17077/0003-4827.10225. ISSN 0003-4827.
^ Eastland, Terry (2000). Freedom of Expression in the Supreme Court The Defining Cases. United States of America: Rowman & Littlefield publishers. p. 185. .
^ Antony, Louise M.; Levine, Joseph (2008-06-28). "Reduction with Autonomy". Noûs. 31: 83–105. doi:10.1111/0029-4624.31.s11.4. ISSN 0029-4624.
^ Tinker v. Des Moines Indep. Cmty. Sch. Dist., 393 U.S. 503, 506 (1969).
^ a b c Dickler, Melinda Cupps (2007). "The Morse Quartet: Student Speech and the First Amendment". doi:10.2139/ssrn.1009601. ISSN 1556-5068.
^ Tinker, 393 U.S. at 509.
^ a b Ryan, James E. (2000). "The Supreme Court and Public Schools". Virginia Law Review. 86 (7): 1335–1433. doi:10.2307/1073876. JSTOR 1073876.
^ Tinker, 393 U.S. at 517–18.
^ Taylor, John E. (2009). "Tinker and Viewpoint Discrimination". doi:10.2139/ssrn.1137909. ISSN 1556-5068.
^ "Entire U.S. appeals court to hear Easton 'Boobies' case". tribunedigital-mcall. Retrieved 2018-11-30.
^ a b "Update: How the "Boobies" case almost made it to the Supreme Court - National Constitution Center". National Constitution Center – constitutioncenter.org. Retrieved 2018-11-26.
^ "Supreme Court declines to hear 'boobies' bracelet case". USA TODAY. Retrieved 2018-11-26.
^ a b Volokh, Eugene (September 21, 2015). "The Confederate flag, the First Amendment and public schools". The Washington Post. Retrieved November 26, 2018.
^ User, Super. "Hardwick v. Heyward, 2013 U.S. App. LEXIS 5855 (4th Cir. March 25, 2013)". educationlaw.org. Retrieved 2018-11-28.
^ United States Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit . Castorina v. Madison County School Board. 8 March 2001 www.ahcuah.com/lawsuit/federal/castor.htm.
^ United States Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit. Defoe v. Spiva. 18 Nov. 2010. http://www.opn.ca6.uscourts.gov/opinions.pdf/10a0358p-06.pdf
^ LoMonte, Frank. "Protect students' right to display the American flag despite "hecklers," free-speech icons urge Supreme Court". Student Press Law Center.
^ "Dariano v. Morgan Hill Unified School District". American Freedom Law Center. Retrieved 2018-11-28.
^ "About the Tinker Tour". Tinker Tour. 2013-02-14. Retrieved 2018-11-26.
Works related to Tinker v. Des Moines Independent Community School District at Wikisource
Text of Tinker v. Des Moines Independent Community School District , 393 U.S. 503 (1969) is available from: CourtListener Findlaw Google Scholar Justia Library of Congress OpenJurist Oyez (oral argument audio)
First Amendment Library entry on Tinker v. Des Moines Independent Community School District
Schema-root.org: Tinker v. Des Moines John Tinker's page about Tinker v. Des Moines. Contains a current news feed.
Background summary and questions about the case
Tinker v. Des Moines from C-SPAN's Landmark Cases: Historic Supreme Court Decisions
United States First Amendment case law
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Van Orden v. Perry (2005)
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Braunfeld v. Brown (1961)
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Presbyterian Church v. Hull Church (1969)
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Harris v. McRae (1980)
Thomas v. Review Bd. of the Indiana Employment Security Div. (1981)
United States v. Lee (1982)
Bob Jones University v. United States (1983)
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Goldman v. Weinberger (1986)
Texas Monthly, Inc. v. Bullock (1989)
Church of Lukumi Babalu Aye v. City of Hialeah (1993)
City of Boerne v. Flores (1997)
Watchtower Society v. Village of Stratton (2002)
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Whitney v. California (1927)
Fiske v. Kansas (1927)
Dennis v. United States (1951)
Communist Party v. Subversive Activities Control Bd. (1955; 1961)
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Manhattan Community Access Corp. v. Halleck (2019)
Symbolic speech
Stromberg v. California (1931)
United States v. O'Brien (1968)
Cohen v. California (1971)
Smith v. Goguen (1974)
United States v. Eichman (1990)
City of Ladue v. Gilleo (1994)
City of Erie v. Pap's A. M. (2000)
Virginia v. Black (2003)
Compelled speech
West Virginia State Board of Ed. v. Barnette (1943)
Wooley v. Maynard (1977)
USAID v. Alliance for Open Society International, Inc. (2013)
Compelled subsidy
of others' speech
Abood v. Detroit Board of Education (1977)
Communications Workers of America v. Beck (1978)
Keller v. State Bar of California (1990)
Lehnert v. Ferris Faculty Ass'n (1991)
Board of Regents of the Univ. of Wisconsin System v. Southworth (2000)
Johanns v. Livestock Marketing Ass'n (2005)
Davenport v. Washington Education Ass'n (2007)
Locke v. Karass (2008)
Knox v. SEIU, Local 1000 (2012)
Harris v. Quinn (2014)
Friedrichs v. California Teachers Ass'n (2016)
Janus v. AFSCME (2018)
Loyalty oaths
American Communications Ass'n v. Douds (1950)
Garner v. Board of Public Works (1951)
Speiser v. Randall (1958)
Keyishian v. Board of Regents (1967)
Communist Party of Indiana v. Whitcomb (1974)
School speech
West Virginia State Board of Education v. Barnette (1943)
Tinker v. Des Moines Ind. Community School Dist. (1969, substantial disruption)
Island Trees School District v. Pico (1982)
Bethel School District v. Fraser (1986)
Morse v. Frederick (2007)
Rosen v. United States (1896)
United States v. One Book Called Ulysses (S.D.N.Y. 1933)
Kingsley Books, Inc. v. Brown (1957)
Roth v. United States (1957)
One, Inc. v. Olesen (1958)
Smith v. California (1959)
Marcus v. Search Warrant (1961)
MANual Enterprises, Inc. v. Day (1962)
Jacobellis v. Ohio (1964)
Quantity of Books v. Kansas (1964)
Freedman v. Maryland (1965)
Ginzburg v. United States (1966)
Memoirs v. Massachusetts (1966)
Redrup v. New York (1967)
Ginsberg v. New York (1968)
Stanley v. Georgia (1969)
United States v. Thirty-seven Photographs (1971)
Kois v. Wisconsin (1972)
Paris Adult Theatre I v. Slaton (1973)
United States v. 12 200-ft. Reels of Film (1973)
Jenkins v. Georgia (1974)
Erznoznik v. City of Jacksonville (1975)
Young v. American Mini Theatres, Inc. (1976)
New York v. Ferber (1982)
American Booksellers Ass'n, Inc. v. Hudnut (7th Cir., 1985)
Renton v. Playtime Theatres, Inc. (1986)
People v. Freeman (Cal. 1988)
Osborne v. Ohio (1990)
United States v. X-Citement Video, Inc. (1994)
Reno v. ACLU (1997)
United States v. Playboy Entertainment Group, Inc. (2000)
Ashcroft v. Free Speech Coalition (2002)
Ashcroft v. ACLU (2002)
Nitke v. Gonzales (S.D.N.Y., 2005)
United States v. Williams (2008)
American Booksellers Foundation for Free Expression v. Strickland (6th Cir., 2009)
United States v. Kilbride (9th Cir., 2009)
United States v. Stevens (2010)
Brown v. Entertainment Merchants Ass'n (2011)
FCC v. Fox Television Stations, Inc. (2012)
Pickering v. Board of Education (1968)
Perry v. Sindermann (1972)
Board of Regents of State Colleges v. Roth (1972)
Mt. Healthy City School Dist. Board of Ed. v. Doyle (1977)
Givhan v. Western Line Consol. School Dist. (1979)
Connick v. Myers (1983)
Rankin v. McPherson (1987)
Waters v. Churchill (1994)
Garcetti v. Ceballos (2006)
Borough of Duryea v. Guarnieri (2011)
Heffernan v. City of Paterson (2016)
and similar laws
Ex parte Curtis (1882)
United Public Workers v. Mitchell (1947)
U.S. Civil Service Comm'n v. National Ass'n of Letter Carriers (1973)
Broadrick v. Oklahoma (1973)
Licensing and
restriction of speech
Mutual Film Corp. v. Industrial Comm'n of Ohio (1915)
Joseph Burstyn, Inc. v. Wilson (1952)
NAACP v. Button (1963)
Virginia State Pharmacy Bd. v. Virginia Citizens Consumer Council (1976)
Hoffman Estates v. The Flipside, Hoffman Estates, Inc. (1982)
Walker v. Texas Div., Sons of Confederate Veterans (2015)
Matal v. Tam (2017)
Iancu v. Brunetti (2019)
Commercial speech
Valentine v. Chrestensen (1942)
Rowan v. U.S. Post Office Dept. (1970)
Pittsburgh Press Co. v. Pittsburgh Comm'n on Human Relations (1973)
Bigelow v. Virginia (1975)
Bates v. State Bar of Arizona (1977)
Linmark Assoc., Inc. v. Township of Willingboro (1977)
Central Hudson Gas & Electric Corp. v. Public Service Commission (1980)
Consol. Edison Co. v. Public Serv. Comm'n (1980)
Zauderer v. Off. of Disciplinary Counsel of Supreme Court of Ohio (1985)
Pacific Gas & Electric Co. v. Public Utilities Comm'n of California (1986)
Posadas de Puerto Rico Assoc. v. Tourism Co. of Puerto Rico (1986)
San Francisco Arts & Athletics, Inc. v. U.S. Olympic Committee (1987)
Lebron v. National Railroad Passenger Corp. (1995)
Florida Bar v. Went For It, Inc. (1995)
44 Liquormart, Inc. v. Rhode Island (1996)
Lorillard Tobacco Co. v. Reilly (2001)
Sorrell v. IMS Health Inc. (2011)
Campaign finance and
political speech
Buckley v. Valeo (1976)
First National Bank of Boston v. Bellotti (1978)
Citizens Against Rent Control v. City of Berkeley (1981)
Brown v. Socialist Workers '74 Campaign Committee (1982)
Regan v. Taxation with Representation of Washington (1983)
FEC v. National Conservative PAC (1985)
FEC v. Massachusetts Citizens for Life (1986)
Austin v. Michigan Chamber of Commerce (1990)
McIntyre v. Ohio Elections Comm'n (1995)
Colorado Republican Federal Campaign Committee v. FEC (1996)
Nixon v. Shrink Missouri Government PAC (2000)
Republican Party of Minnesota v. White (2002)
McConnell v. FEC (2003)
Randall v. Sorrell (2006)
FEC v. Wisconsin Right to Life, Inc. (2007)
Davis v. FEC (2008)
Citizens United v. FEC (2010)
Arizona Free Enterprise Club's Freedom Club PAC v. Bennett (2011)
American Tradition Partnership v. Bullock (2012)
McCutcheon v. FEC (2014)
Williams-Yulee v. Florida Bar (2015)
Official retaliation
Lozman v. City of Riviera Beach (2018)
Nieves v. Bartlett (2019)
Prior restraints
and censorship
Patterson v. Colorado (1907)
Lovell v. City of Griffin (1938)
Hannegan v. Esquire, Inc. (1946)
Lamont v. Postmaster General (1965)
New York Times Co. v. United States (1971)
Miami Herald Publishing Co. v. Tornillo (1974)
Nebraska Press Ass'n v. Stuart (1976)
Landmark Communications, Inc. v. Virginia (1978)
Tory v. Cochran (2005)
Time, Inc. v. Hill (1967)
Cox Broadcasting Corp. v. Cohn (1975)
Florida Star v. B. J. F. (1989)
Taxation and
Grosjean v. American Press Co. (1936)
Branzburg v. Hayes (1972)
Minneapolis Star Tribune Co. v. Commissioner (1983)
Beauharnais v. Illinois (1952)
New York Times Co. v. Sullivan (1964)
Curtis Publishing Co. v. Butts (1967)
Greenbelt Cooperative Publishing Ass'n, Inc. v. Bresler (1970)
Gertz v. Robert Welch, Inc. (1974)
Time, Inc. v. Firestone (1976)
Bose Corp. v. Consumers Union of United States, Inc. (1984)
Dun & Bradstreet, Inc. v. Greenmoss Builders, Inc. (1985)
McDonald v. Smith (1985)
Hustler Magazine v. Falwell (1988)
Harte-Hanks Communications, Inc. v. Connaughton (1989)
Milkovich v. Lorain Journal Co. (1990)
Obsidian Finance Group, LLC v. Cox (9th Cir., 2014)
Red Lion Broadcasting Co. v. FCC (1969)
FCC v. Pacifica Foundation (1978)
Turner Broadcasting System, Inc. v. FCC (1994)
Bartnicki v. Vopper (2001)
Copyrighted materials
Zacchini v. Scripps-Howard Broadcasting Co. (1977)
Harper & Row v. Nation Enterprises (1985)
Eldred v. Ashcroft (2003)
Joint Anti-Fascist Refugee Committee v. McGrath (1951)
Watkins v. United States (1957)
NAACP v. Alabama (1958)
Baggett v. Bullitt (1964)
In re Primus (1978)
Roberts v. United States Jaycees (1984)
Hurley v. Irish-American Gay, Lesbian, and Bisexual Group of Boston (1995)
Boy Scouts of America v. Dale (2000)
Rights of students under the United States Constitution case law
First Amendment school prayer
Santa Fe Independent School District v. Doe (2000)
Elk Grove Unified School District v. Newdow (2004)
First Amendment school speech
Tinker v. Des Moines Independent Community School District (1969)
Rosenberger v. University of Virginia (1995)
Fourth Amendment Exceptions to the Warrant Requirement
New Jersey v. T. L. O. (1985)
Vernonia School District 47J v. Acton (1995)
Board of Education v. Earls (2002)
Safford Unified School District v. Redding (2009)
Opposition to United States involvement in the Vietnam War
Protests and events
1960s Berkeley protests
Central Park be-ins
Draft-card burning
Edmonton aircraft bombing
1965 March Against the Vietnam War
Alice Herz, Norman Morrison, Roger Allen LaPorte 1965 political self-immolations
Human Be-In
Angry Arts week
"Beyond Vietnam: A Time to Break Silence" (April 4 speech)
April 15, 1967 Anti-Vietnam war demonstrations
Nhat Chi Mai self-immolation
Columbia University protests of 1968
1968 Democratic National Convention protest activity
Presidio mutiny
Bed-In
Zip to Zap
Weather High School Jailbreaks
Days of Rage
Moratorium to End the War in Vietnam
Greenwich Village townhouse explosion
Free The Army tour
Kent State shootings
Student strike of 1970
Hard Hat Riot
Sterling Hall bombing
1971 May Day protests
Chicago Seven
Chicano Moratorium
National Mobilization Committee to End the War in Vietnam
Students for a Democratic Society
Vietnam Veterans Against the War
Yippies
Find out more on Wikipedia's
from Wikinews
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tinker_v._Des_Moines_Independent_Community_School_District&oldid=902213522"
United States Supreme Court cases
United States Free Speech Clause case law
Student rights case law in the United States
Education in Des Moines, Iowa
1969 in United States case law
United States Supreme Court cases of the Warren Court
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John Joseph Byrne
Born: 13rd May 1938, West Horsley, Surrey
Positions whilst with England: Inside Right, Centre Forward & Inside Left
Clubs whilst with England: Crystal Palace & West Ham United
Also known as Budgie Byrne.
Debut v Northern Ireland (HC) on 22nd November 1961 aged 23 years, 6 months, 9 days
Last Cap v Scotland (HC) on 10th April 1965 aged 26 years, 10 months, 28 days
First Goal v Switzerland (FR) on 5th June 1963 aged 25 years, 0 months, 23 days
Career 3 years, 138 days
Nations' Cup (Taça das Nações)
Inside Left
Inside Right
George Eastham
Gordon Milne
www.theyflysohigh.co.uk by Steve Marsh
WAL, 2 - 1, 18th Nov 1964 (HC)
ARG, 0 - 1, 6th Jun 1964 (BJT)
POR, 1 - 1, 4th Jun 1964 (BJT)
BRA, 1 - 5, 30th May 1964 (BJT)
IRL, 3 - 1, 24th May 1964 (FR)
POR, 4 - 3, 17th May 1964 (FR)
URU, 2 - 1, 6th May 1964 (FR)
SUI, 8 - 1, 5th Jun 1963 (FR)
NIR, 1 - 1, 22nd Nov 1961 (HC)
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Home » PhD in Literature
Designated Emphasis
Graduate students in certain PhD programs may participate in a Designated Emphasis (DE), a specialization that might include a new method of inquiry or an important field of application which is related to two or more existing PhD programs.
The DE is awarded in conjunction with the PhD degree and is signified by a transcript notation; for example, “PhD in Literature with a Designated Emphasis in Native American Studies.” Students may pursue Designated Emphases in any of the following eight interdisciplinary areas:
African American & African Studies is an interdisciplinary field of study in the humanities, arts, and social sciences that investigates the history of African descent peoples and explores the ways in which social, political and economic factors have shaped African and African descent communities. It offers a program of study that studies the Black experience in the United States, the broader African diasporic experience in the world, and the experiences of societies in Africa.
The Designated Emphasis in African American and African Studies serves the students who identify African American and/or African Studies subject matter as the focus of their proposed dissertations by helping them increase their understanding of the breadth of past and present research in African American and African Studies
Program Chair: Bettina Ngweno
Classics and Classical Receptions
Classics is the study of ancient Greece and Rome from a variety of disciplines including literature, history, philosophy, art, archaeology, and medicine among others. Classical Receptions is the study of the images and memories of ancient Greece and Rome as they have been transmitted, adapted, and exploited in later cultures. Scholars of Classical Receptions have studied the representations of Greece and Rome in areas ranging from the Caribbean to Japan, and from Nigerian theater to Hollywood.
The Designated Emphasis in Classics and Classical Receptions provides graduate students with an overview of the history, theory, and methods of Classical scholarship, and familiarizes them with the primary and secondary sources needed to evaluate those aspects of Greek and Roman antiquity connected with their own research. It equips students with the tools, including advanced study in Greek and Latin language, needed to conduct research on the reception of Greek and Roman culture in their own fields of study.
Program Chair: Anna Uhlig Department Contact: Claire Waters
Critical theory is the ongoing engagement with texts, institutions, the polis, and the world and the interrogation of fundamental axioms and principles of social, political and cultural practice. It affords graduate students the opportunity to engage the rich tradition of critical thought, both ancient and modern, including but not limited to texts by Kant, Hegel, Marx, Nietzsche, Freud, Husserl, Heidegger, Bloch, Adorno, Benjamin, Arendt, Lacan, Foucault, Lyotard, Lacoue-Labarthe, Nancy, and Derrida.
The Designated Emphasis in Critical Theory at UC Davis provides doctoral students a double opportunity: to participate in interdisciplinary seminars focusing on a wide variety of historical periods and theoretical approaches; and to add a formal credential in critical theory to their degrees.
Program Chair: Kriss Ravetto-Biagioli Faculty contacts: Scott Shershow, David Simpson
Feminist Theory and Research
Feminist theory and research examines the complex ways in which gender always forged in relation to race, class, sexual, and national identities has organized language, identities, traditions of knowledge, methodologies, social relations, organizations, economic systems, and every facet of culture. In making gender a central category of analysis, feminist scholarship engages such questions as: the relationship between language and institutions, the nature of social power and historical agency, heteronormativity, the relationship between gender and nation, alternative sexualities, and gender and representation.
The Designated Emphasis in Feminist Theory and Research offers graduate students courses of study in the foundations of feminist theory as well as interdisciplinary approaches to feminist scholarship and research, that enhance student research. It affords students the opportunity to network with students and faculty across the UC Davis campus.
Program Chair: Wendy Ho Faculty Contacts: Elizabeth Freeman, Kathleen Frederickson
Native American Studies focuses hemispherically upon the indigenous peoples of the Americans, that is, upon the peoples, nations, tribes, and communities whose ancestors have lived in North, Central and South America from earliest times. This unique hemispheric approach includes attention to the increasing dislocation and diaspora of indigenous people throughout the Americas, and calls upon the authority of Native intelligence (Native voices, Native texts) in all its forms and manifestations to address the issues that concern Native peoples, including the creative strategies for continuance they have developed over the centuries.
The Designated Emphasis in NAS offers graduate students analytic tools drawn from history, anthropology, linguistics, history, and literature, among others, in order to develop and enhance their scholarly approach to the world of American Indian peoples, offering a comprehensive and comparative perspective.
Program Chair: Jessica Bissett Perea Department Contacts: Michael Ziser, Mark Jerng
Science & Technology Studies
Science and Technology Studies is the analysis and synthesis of science, technology, and medicine in a way that actively creates connections between the varieties of perspectives and concerns in the humanities and the sciences. It takes science, technology, medicine, and their social, political, economic, and cultural contexts as its objects of study. It draws on methodologies from history of science, anthropology, environmental science, philosophy, critical theory, media studies, and cultural studies, among others.
The Designated Emphasis in Science & Technology Studies offers graduate students in PhD programs the opportunity to augment their studies with an understanding of the ways in which the practices of scientists and engineers and the travel of facts and technologies are intricately social and themselves an inseparable part of the "impacts" of science and technology.
Program Chair: Colin Milburn Faculty Contact: Colin Milburn
Studies in Performance and Practice
The Studies in Performance and Practice emphasis consists of a critical way of thinking about practices of communication, from film and stage performance, to sports, religion, and everyday behavior, among many other areas. Its roots lie in critical philosophy that emerged in the second half of the twentieth century, and which responded to increasingly disembodied ways of thinking about human behavior. By focusing on process, situated learning, embodied knowledge, and the interaction and interplay of theory and practice, performance studies has defined ways of looking at, interpreting and interacting with actual human agents and their mediation. The field developed in interaction with anthropology and ethnography, rhetoric and the history of language, communication and the media, philosophy and critical theory, cultural and technocultural studies, film studies, environmental studies and many other areas.
The Designated Emphasis provides graduate students with a set of strategies for thinking about how performance theory and practice can interact and trains students to analyze and evaluate craft and production that is in process and may or may not produce identifiable and conventionally duplicatable end products.
Program Chair: Kris Fallon Faculty contacts: Seeta Chaganti, Gina Bloom
Writing, Rhetoric, and Composition
Rhetoric is a traditional field of study that has been revitalized by contemporary scholars who investigate its relevance across all disciplines and with new globalizing technologies. Writing Across the Curriculum (WAC), Writing in the Disciplines (WID),and Professional and Technical Writing draw on methods and expertise from composition studies, cultural studies, design, education, linguistics, literary studies, media studies, and psychology.
The Designated Emphasis in Writing, Rhetoric and Composition provides doctoral students with both a theoretical and practical knowledge of writing instruction, program administration, and research. The study of how social, technological, and cognitive factors impact writers’composing processes is vital for improving instructional techniques. PhD graduates in affiliated programs will find that a designated emphasis in Writing, Rhetoric, and Composition Studies opens up positions at universities, colleges and community colleges, research foundations, and international corporations that are looking for researchers, faculty, and administrators with an expertise in writing and the teaching of writing.
Program Chair: Kory Ching
Benefits of a Designated Emphasis Program
Students who participate in a Designated Emphasis program benefit in several ways:
Coursework for the Designated Emphasis provides analytical tools that enhance their research.
Interdisciplinary study accords graduate students the opportunity to network with students and faculty at UC Davis, thereby providing a larger audience for their research and work, and increasing access to information about career opportunities.
Students have a larger pool of professors to draw from when forming their qualifying examination and dissertation committees.
Because of their additional training, DE students are competitive for teaching assistant and associate-in positions in their chosen emphasis.
Students with a wide breadth of knowledge make for competitive candidates in the academic job market.
Please complete the Designated Emphasis Application once you have ascertained that it is offered in your chosen program. You will need the support of a faculty member in the chosen DE. Please note students must have one qualifying exam committee member, and one dissertation committee member affiliated with their chosen emphasis. You are strongly encouraged to contact the Designated Emphasis Chair for more information.
Class Degrees: Smart Work, Managed Choice, and the Transformation of Higher Education
Evan Watkins
The Animal Claim: Sensibility and the Creaturely Voice
Tobias Menely
Riot. Strike. Riot: The New Era of Uprisings
Joshua Clover
Alimentary Tracts: Appetites, Aversions, and the Postcolonial (Next Wave: New Directions in Women's Studies)
Webmaster: english@ucdavis.edu Updated: May 10, 2019
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← Sisters
Sermon for Sunday, 23rd October 2016 (Fifth Sunday before Advent/Ordinary 30) →
Sermon for Saint Patrick’s Cathedral Past Choristers’ Association Evensong
“Meaningless! Meaningless!” says the Teacher.
“Everything is meaningless!” Ecclesiastes 12:8
Perhaps the Teacher from the book of Ecclesiastes is right, perhaps everything is meaningless, for what is there that endures? Money, fame, power, none of them outlast us, what is there that lasts?
One Sunday morning in the summer, Vlad Smishkewych, the presenter of Lyric FM’s Vox Nostra programme announced 12th July was an anniversary. Did anyone listening in Ireland not know it was an anniversary? Wasn’t the history of the island shaped by 12th July being an anniversary? Smishkewych went on to say that 12th July was the five hundred and forty-eighth anniversary of the birth of the Spanish composer Juan del Encina. Born on 12th July 1468, Encina was educated at the University of Salamanca and became renowned composer, poet and playwright before his death in Toledo in 1529. Encina pre-dated William Shakespeare by a century, yet, Vlad Smishkewych was able to play Encina’s Todos Los Bienes Del Mundo, a piece written around 1500.
There was a profound sense of reassurance in listening to Encina’s work, a profound realization that beauty is the only thing that endures, that while everything else might be meaningless, beauty would last. In a century where arrogant bombast and a visceral xenophobia have become the norm of political life, there is a reassurance that politicians are forgotten almost as soon as they leave office, and that all that will endure are the things that some of them would most despise.
Perhaps the early part of the twenty-first century will leave behind little that will be memorable, perhaps there will be no works comparable with those that emerged in the great eras of visual art, music and literature. Perhaps there will be no painter comparable with those of the Renaissance, perhaps there will be no composer comparable with those played by Vlad Smishkewych, perhaps there will be no literature to compare with that left us by the writers of the Sixteenth Century, but if the twenty-first century does leave any legacy, then that legacy will be whatever beauty might be mustered.
If we needed a reminder that beauty is what endures, the centenary commemorations of the Great War should be a lesson to those who would aspire to be remembered. The people still remembered are not the politicians or the generals, they are the poets. Brooke and Owen and Sassoon command a place in posterity; in hideous realities they found inspiration for lines that have endured for a century, and will probably endure for centuries more.
The mood of 2016 is one of anti-intellectualism; it’s a mood of contempt for those labelled as “experts,” it’s a mood expressed in a mocking of liberalism and tolerance, it’s a mood reflected in political leadership on both sides of the Atlantic. It’s a mood that will be long forgotten when Juan del Encina is still being played.
In his novel The Idiot, the nineteenth-century Russian writer Fyodor Dostoevsky has a character Prince Lev Nikolaevich Myshkin who is is mocked because he has a belief that beauty can save people from the worst:
Is it true, prince, that you once declared that “beauty would save the world”? Great Heaven! The prince says that beauty saves the world! And I declare that he only has such playful ideas because he’s in love!
The twentieth-century songwriter Don McLean saw the painter Vincent van Gogh as someone whose motivation was beauty, but who lived in a world without a place for such beauty.
Now, I understand, what you tried to say to me
And how you suffered for your sanity
And how you tried to set them free
They would not listen, they did not know how
Perhaps they’ll listen now
Perhaps McLean was right and Prince Myshkin was wrong. Perhaps beauty cannot save the world from xenophobia and fundamentalism, but beauty will be the only thing that outlives all the ugliness of our times.
Fr Rufus Halley, a Columban priest who was murdered in the Philippines fifteen years ago whilst attempting reconciliation work, once wrote, “’in the end we are saved by beauty”. I have thought about those words many times since then, “’in the end we are saved by beauty”. Beauty is about those things we can’t express, those things for which we cannot find words. Beauty is about those experiences that just cannot be explained. I think what Rufus Halley was saying was that the things that draw us to Jesus are not the things we can express in words, but the thoughts, the emotions, the feelings for which no words are ever adequate. The things about Jesus that attract people are things that we can only grasp at, moments we can only glimpse. Rufus Halley gave his life in the belief that it was beauty that changed people’s lives.
Even amongst the poverty of the southern Philippines, Rufus found beauty, beauty in the countryside, beauty in the love and friendship of the people, beauty in the courage and the faith of those who carried on despite their hardships and sufferings.
The ministry of this cathedral is a ministry of beauty, in music, in worship, it is about something that cannot be defined.
In the end we are saved by Jesus, the one who was himself beauty personified. May we be people of beauty because beauty is never meaningless.
Sermon for Saint Patrick’s Cathedral Past Choristers’ Association Evensong — No Comments
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Post by Ben » July 26th, 2007, 6:26 pm
We knew this was coming, but an announcement is true confirmation.
At last!
Post by Randall » July 26th, 2007, 10:44 pm
FINALLY!!!!!
Good grief, there are a lot of sci-fi greats coming out in the fourth quarter... and all in HD!
Post by Daniel » July 26th, 2007, 10:51 pm
On the same page, they show two TV box sets of an 85 version. Have you ever seen it, Ben? How is it?
Post by Ben » July 27th, 2007, 6:49 am
The 1985 Twilight Zone wasn't too bad, basically many if not all were remakes of the old stories, like the Alfred Hitchcock presents show.
Actually, watching late night runs of the '85 shows was my introduction to Rod Serling's world. It wasn't until later that I really got into the originals.
Post by Randall » July 27th, 2007, 8:57 am
Definitely worth a look for TZ fans. Too bad the disc looks extras-less, according to the latest from TVSoDVD.com.
Post by Daniel » July 27th, 2007, 6:38 pm
Thanks, guys! I didn't know it mostly consisted of remakes. Sounds interesting.
Re: The Twilight Zone
Post by Daniel » March 30th, 2019, 7:26 pm
Hard to believe its been about 16 years since the last Twilight Zone reboot! Wow! Wasn't really a fan. Its hard not to compare it to the classic, but even on its own merit it wasn't really *memorable*. Not to say it was all bad, it did have a few interesting stories I vagually recall. One was about going back in time and killing Hitler. Topics like that are just fascinating to think about. My favorite eppy though would probably be the sequel to "It's A Good Life". They even got the original actors back. So neato. (Hated the ending, sadly)
Now in just 2 days the newest reboot will premier. Don't really have high hopes.
One of the reasons I'm not looking forward to this entity is I really won't be able to see it! It's not premieirng on the telly, instead its getting the CBS All Access treatment. Just ugh. I loathe all those streaming services. Bad enough to pay for cable without paying for multiple outlets, in this case for just one show. Wish instead they would show it eventually, maybe months down the line.
Not really sold on the Jordan Peele angle either. Saw Get Out and thought it was an alright flick for what it was.
Regardless, I would no doubt give the show a chance if I could. I mean come on, Twilighty! Curiosity and to see if it can surprise. Nostalgia too.
Post by EricJ » March 30th, 2019, 10:25 pm
Ben wrote: The 1985 Twilight Zone wasn't too bad, basically many if not all were remakes of the old stories, like the Alfred Hitchcock presents show.
The first network version of the 80's had some good deliberately pro-good-things "Issues" allegory stories coming out of the Reagan era (oh, the current Trump-era frustration was nothing compared to the 80's Reagan era, once TZ thought it had a "social metaphor" agenda).
It was the second network season and later half-hour syndicated reboot that turned into lame tribute-remakes and retreads--Like the "Restored original ending!" remake of A Game of Pool, that made absolutely no sense...Now we know why they changed it.
Mine was WPIX-11 NYC, and I was already glued to the series at the age of ten--First for the Neato Twist Endings, and then later for Serling's withering social commentary and Shakespearean monologues.
I'm guessing the new show bought "the Get Out guy" hoping for more Social Allegory, but he's got a long way to go before he can even tread on the post-McCarthyist shadow of The Monsters Are Due on Maple Street.
(Which even the 00's UPN Series You Never Watched tried to remake into a GWBush-era "Terrorist panic" metaphor....Nnno.)
Post by Randall » March 30th, 2019, 11:46 pm
Yeah, the first season of 1980s TZ was actually quite good, if uneven, adapting several great stories by celebrated speculative fiction authors including Arthur C Clarke. Harlan Ellison even worked on the show, and had a few stories adapted. The wheels began to fall off the cart in the second season, and the third (now syndicated) season was somewhat less memorable. So, like Eric said.
I've barely touched my DVD set of the last reboot. I think I've only watched one episode.
And Daniel, you could have two reasons to get CBS All-Access, because Star Trek Discovery is really good! (Though, I just waited for the Blu-ray first season set to come out.)
Post by Ben » March 31st, 2019, 4:48 am
I seem to be the only person who thinks Get Out is a vastly overrated, poorly structured mess.
Post by ShyViolet » March 31st, 2019, 11:47 am
Very cool, Daniel!! MAJOR 12-year-bump! . I like that you did that.
I’m actually a STAUNCH original TZ fan...might have seen a bit of the 80s one here and there throughout my life, but I just never took to it for some reason. Not trying to put it down or anything—I’m sure it was a great show—but I don’t know, maybe it’s just the lack of black and white, or Serling input. To me the originals always felt like mini-movies...or maybe even one-act plays. The 80s one just felt like a TV show...though not a bad one. Oh well, to each his own I guess.
Post by Ben » April 1st, 2019, 6:16 am
Certainly you could have noticed a subliminal difference between the film-shot originals and the video-mastered 80s shows, which would have that shorts vs television feel. Especially in the way they mastered 80s TV shows!
The Hitchcock shows had the same thing...even the Hitch intros, which they reused, looked more ropey in the 80s!
Post by ShyViolet » April 1st, 2019, 10:59 am
Yeah, I see what you’re saying, Ben. It is definitely a different experience with viewing film compared to video. (Although I think Serling did try out the video format with a few episodes: I know “Long Distance Call”, with the toy telephone, was one. It was ok, but I’m really glad they went back to film lol.)
But so many (though not all) of the TZ Serling episodes were UNBELIEVABLY well- written and directed, often with many different layers and themes. (Plus Lee Marvin and William Shatner both starred in two of their own episodes: what more could you want? ). It’s also astounding that a great many of the eps were quite talky, and yet somehow they survived the test of time, (even with the much slower pace and lack of color.)
“Eye of the beholder”, the one about beauty/ugliness, is WONDERFUL but it’s also about 95% dialogue combined with shadows of doctors and nurses pacing. And yet so many consider it their favorite episode ever.
Oh, on the 80s TZ, I couldn’t help but remember that one of the episodes, “Button, button” (based on Richard Matheson’s short story) was actually remade as the 2009 Richard Kelly-directed film The Box. The reason I thought of it probably has to do with the fact that it’s hands-down one of my favorite films of all time. I know it was panned by many critics, but the truth is that every time I watch it, I’m in awe. (Totally serious.). It’s never gotten more than a bare bones DVD release either. I hope one day that will be corrected.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Box_(2009_film)
Post by Daniel » April 8th, 2019, 3:45 pm
Because of the new reboot, SyFy aired an all day marathon this past Saturday! It was nice surprise. They gave the usual common ones like the Hitchhiker, It's Good Life etc. I just wish the quality on SyFy was better. It totally feels like the eppys are sped up which makes them feel fake. Very distracting. In a way, they all kinda look like those "video" episodes. Ick. The edits too, but that's to be expected. Still, after they gave the show the bum's rush last 4th of July (that's right, no marathon!) it's nice they acknowledged TZ.
Post by Daniel » June 10th, 2019, 6:26 pm
Something worth noting. CBS is going to start airing The Good Fight in a week. Why is that noteworthy and related to Twilight? Well, Fight is a CBS All-Access show and aside from the pilot preview it has only ever been part of their subscription service. Talk about a no brainer! That's how it should've been from the get go. Let subscribers get first viewings and eventually show it on broadcast telly. Pretty smart to be airing it in Summer. Aside from reality shows, there's nothing really interesting on.
Hopefully Fight does great and opens the floodgates. I would really like to view the new Twilight Zone proper. I've managed to catch two episodes and so far I'm not feeling it. Not very Twilighty. The cinematography just doesn't compare. And by being online, they really took advantage of what they can get away with. Think one I saw was rated TV-MA... I wouldn't say I'm a prude when it comes to language. Sometimes it's warranted. The one I'm referring to had no place. Can't really type it, but... you know that Bart Simpson quote "Eat my shorts"? Think that only more vulgar. That alone made me feel like I was watching a different show. Just tacky. The original would never stoop that low and always felt like a show the whole family could watch...
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Reger: Violin Concerto (CD)
Winfried Rademacher, Linos Ensemble
‘In my view, Reger must be played often: 1. Because he wrote a lot; 2. Because he is dead and we still do not have a clear appreciation of him. (I consider him a genius.)’ Arnold Schoenberg, 1922
Considering how little public awareness there was of it during its short existence, it’s remarkable how much of a long-term impact was made by Arnold Schoenberg’s Society for Private Musical Performances. It was founded in Mödling near Vienna in November 1918 with the express purpose of ‘enabling Arnold Schoenberg to personally provide artists and art lovers with a thoroughly detailed knowledge of modern music’ (Alban Berg, 1919). The task of setting up the Society for Private Musical Performances fell to the violinist Rudolf Kolisch (1896–1978), one of Schreker’s students who studied privately with Schoenberg post-1919 and later became his brother-in-law.
It was Kolisch who made the present arrangement of Reger's Violin Concerto for performance at the Society's concerts.
Reger: Violin Concerto in A Major, Op. 101 (Arr. R. Kolisch for Violin & Chamber Ensemble)
Violin Concertos (CD)
Soo-Hyun Park, Deutsche Staatsphilharmonie Rheinland-Pfalz, Nicholas Milton
Khachaturian: Violin & Piano Concertos (CD)
London Philharmonic Orchestra, Joseph Giunta
Britten: Piano & Violin Concertos (CD)
Annette Servadei, Sergej Azizian
Vieuxtemps: Violin Concerto (CD)
Hagner, Brabbins
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Dr. Felicity Donaghy
Dr Felicity Donaghy graduated from Sydney University and completed her General Practice Fellowship in 1991. She has worked in General Practice since 1990. Dr Donaghy has worked in Canberra since 2004 and has been the Principal at Garema Place Surgery since 2010. Dr Donaghy enjoys all aspects of General Practice and believes that a good relationship with a caring General Practitioner is the key to maintaining good health.
Dr Donaghy is available for consultation on the following days:
Dr. Leonie Harcourt
Dr Leonie Harcourt graduated from Flinders University in 2004. She has been working in General Practice since 2008 and joined Garema Place Surgery in 2010. Dr Harcourt is interested in all areas of General Practice and enjoys seeing patients from a broad range of backgrounds and ages.
Dr Harcourt is available for consultation on the following days:
Monday - 8.30am until 5.00pm
Wednesday - 11.30am until 1.30pm
Thursday - 8.30am until 4.30pm
Friday - 8.30am until 12.30pm
Dr. Veronica Kolos
Dr Veronica Kolos holds a degree in Medical Science and a Masters of Public Health with Honours from the University of Sydney. She completed a Bachelor of Medicine and Surgery at the Australian National University. She then undertook further training, inlcuding The Diploma of Child Health and The Certificate of Sexual and Reproductive Health. She has worked at Garema Place Surgery since July 2011 and obtained her General Practice Fellowship in 2012. She enjoys all aspects of General Practice and has specific skills and experience in Paediatrics, Sexual Health and Fertility. Dr Kolos also has a special interest in dermatology and in performing skin examinations and diagnostic excisions.
Dr Kolos is available for consultation on the following days:
Monday to Thursday - 8.00am until 5.00pm
Dr. Julia Hingston
Dr Julia Hingston grew up in Newcastle, NSW. She completed her Bachelor of Medicine at the University of Newcastle, graduating with distinction in 2010. She then moved to Canberra for further hospital training, completing her Clinical Diploma of Palliative Care through Canberra's Clare Holland House in 2013. Dr Hingston completed her General Practice training in 2015. She first began working at Garema Place Surgery in 2013 and has an interest in Women's health, preventative care and holistic medicine.
Wednesday and Thursday - 9.00am until 4.00pm
Dr. Libby Goodchild
Dr Libby Goodchild grew up in Canberra. She completed an Arts Degree at Macquarie University before returning to Canberra to work in the community sector. She went on to study Medicine at the University of Newcastle and returned to Canberra in 2000 to complete a Diploma in Obstetrics and Gynecology. Dr Goodchild finished her General Practice training in 2004. She became a Lactation Consultant in 2013 and a member of the Academy of Breastfeeding Medicine. She has been working at Garema Place Surgery since July 2015. Dr Goodchild has a special interest in Breastfeeding Medicine including tongue tie assessment and treatment.
Dr Goodchild is available for consultation on the following days:
Tuesday & Wednesday - 8.30am until 4.00pm
Thursday - 10.00am until 4.00pm
Dr. Amanda Howard
Dr Amanda Howard completed her General Practice training in 2003 in Canberra after moving from Adelaide where she gained her initial medical degree. She has worked in south-east NSW for several years until joining Garema Place Surgery in April 2016. She has a special interest in Women's health, including antenatal care and minor procedures including insertion of intrauterine devices.
Dr Howard is available for consultation on the following days:
Tuesday & Wednesday - 10.00am until 2.00pm
Dr. Peter Barger
Dr Peter Barger grew up in northern NSW. He completed a postgraduate engineering degree and worked for Defence for 7 years then moved to Adelaide to study medicine. He graduated with a Bachelor of Medicine and Surgery from Flinders University in 2011 and worked in a variety of hospital-based jobs for several years before returning to Canberra with his family to begin general practice training in 2016. He joined Garema Place Surgery in February 2018.
Dr Barger is available for consultation on the following days:
Monday - 9:00am until 2.30pm
Tuesday - 9:00am until 2.30pm
Wednesday - 9.00am until 4.00pm
Friday - 9.00am until 6.00pm
Dr. Anita Hutchison
Dr Anita Hutchison graduated from ANU in 2008 and completed her General Practice fellowship in 2013. Anita's areas of interest are in Women’s health, Paediatrics, Preventative Health and eneral Practice teaching. She joined Garema Place Surgery in July 2018.
Dr Hutchison is available for consultation on the following days:
Tuesday - 8.00am until 5.30pm
Wednesday - 8:00am until 6:00pm
Thursday - 8:00am until 5.30pm
Dr Natasha Greer
Dr Natasha Greer graduated from Western Sydney University in 2013. She worked for several years in hospital roles before completing general practice training in Sydney. She relocated to her hometown of Canberra and commenced working at Garema Place Surgery in October 2018. Dr Greer has a Diploma of Child Health and National Certificate in Reproductive and Sexual Health. She enjoys all areas of general practice but is particularly interested in sexual health, women’s health and paediatrics.
Dr Greer is available for consultation on the following days:
Monday - 8:00am until 6:00pm
Tuesday - 8:00am until 6:00pm
Thursday - 8:00am until 6:00pm
Friday - 8:00am until 6:00pm
Psychologist Teri Warfe
Teri Warfe is a psychologist with over ten years' experience promoting and improving the health and wellbeing of her clients. She graduated from the University of Canberra in 2004 and became an unconditionally registered psychologist in 2010. Teri has worked as a psychologist across Canberra with ACT Health and the community mental health sector. She has her own practice ‘Dream a Little Dream Consulting’ (www.daldconsulting.com.au) and started working at Garema Place Surgery in August 2017.
Teri is available for consultations on:
Tuesday - 10.00am until 4.30pm
Dietitian Stacy Morgan
Stacy Morgan is an Accredited Practicing Dietitian who holds a degree in Science from ANU majoring in biochemistry and molecular biology. After a break from research to raise her four children, Stacy returned to study to receive a post-graduate diploma in nutritional science and a masters degree In nutrition and dietetics from the University of Canberra. Running a busy household, Stacy understands the need for nutrition advice that is practical and realistic. She can assist with weight control, gut health, food intolerances, cardiovascular health, PCOS, women’s health and fertility. Stacy enjoys working with the Garema Place team of doctors and allied health professionals to create a holistic approach to care. Further information can be obtained from Hivenutrition.com.au
Stacy will be available for consultation every Monday 9.00am until 5.00pm
Garema Place Surgery is a teaching practice and is involved in training Doctors who have chosen a career in General Practice. These Doctors are referred to as General Practice Registrars and are working towards their specialisation in General Practice. They are fully qualified and have hospital experience. They are supervised by the senior Doctors in the practice. The training program allows them to work in one practice from 6 to 12 months. Garema Place Surgery is committed to continuing care and we will continue your care once the registrar is no longer part of our team.
Registered Nurses: Naida and Sara
Our Nurses form a very important part of the practice team and will often see you prior to your appointment with the Doctor to update your details and to perform some basic observations such as Height, Weight and Blood Pressure. They are experienced in Chronic Disease Management; Immunisation; Wound Management; Point of Care testing; Spirometry and Audiometry.
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Credit: Flickr/ Daniele Giovannoni
Jewish researcher attacks DNA evidence linking Jews to Israel
It’s one of the consequences of the ongoing conflict between Israel and its neighbors that the origins of the “Jewish people” periodically surfaces as an issue of great controversy. It’s particularly troublesome when a scientist—in this case, an Israeli molecular geneticist whose motivations appear more personal and ideological than scientific—stokes the contretemps.
The current brouhaha arises over a recent study by Eran Elhaik and is accompanied by his personal attacks on more mainstream scientists who have eviscerated his work. In the face of overwhelming evidence from dozens of studies over twenty years from geneticists and historians around the world, Elhaik is aggressively stumping on behalf of his belief that most Jews trace their seminal ancestry not to the Middle East but to the Caucusus and Eastern Europe.
Khazarian myth
Elhaik, who is now a post-doctoral researcher at Johns Hopkins, is recirculating the debunked “Khazarian hypothesis” promoted by journalist Arthur Koestler in his 1976 book, The Thirteenth Tribe, written before scientists had the tools to compare genomes and challenge his conclusion.
The Khazarian myth was more recently recycled (to great applause by anti-Israeli activists and some pro-Palestinian groups) in no less convincing form by Israeli French historian Shlomo Sand in The Invention of the Jewish People, published in 2008—a book panned by both historians and geneticists.
Elhaik reengaged the faux controversy late last year when the Oxford journal Genome Biology and Evolution published his study, “The Missing Link of Jewish European Ancestry: Contrasting the Rhineland and the Khazarian Hypotheses.” The young Jewish researcher challenged the so-called “Rhineland hypothesis”—the broadly accepted genetic and historic evidence that about 80 percent of Jewish Ashkenazi males trace their ancestry to a core population of approximately 20,000 Eastern European Jews who originated in the Middle East. Elhaik wrote that the Khazars converted to Judaism in the eighth century, although historians believe and genetic evidence confirms that only a fraction of the population converted, including almost certainly royalty and some members of the aristocracy.
A paper published in 2000 by geneticists Harry Ostrer, a professor of genetics at the Albert Einstein College of Medicine, and University of Arizona geneticist Michael Hammer showed that most Ashkenazis, Italians, North Africans, Iraqi, Iranian, Kurdish and Yemenite Jews share common Y-DNA haplotypes that are also found among many Arabs from Palestine, Lebanon and Syria. Only a small percentage of the Y-DNA of Jews originated outside of the Middle East—some in the Caucusus.
The competing Rhineland and Khazarian theories were most recently discussed by Ostrer in two studies published in 2012 and in his well received book, Legacy: A Genetic History of the Jewish People. He found that geographically and culturally distant Jews still have more genes in common than they do with non-Jews around them, and that those genes can be traced back to the Levant, an area including modern-day Israel. “All European [Ashkenazi] Jews seem connected on the order of fourth or fifth cousins, Ostrer has said.
The concept of the “Jewish people” remains controversial. The Law of Return, the Israeli law that established the right of Jews around the world to settle in Israel and which remains in force today, was a central tenet of Zionism. The DNA that links Ashkenazi, Sephardi and Mizrahi, three prominent culturally and geographically distinct Jewish groups, could conceivably be used to support Zionist territorial claims —except, as Ostrer has pointed out, some of the same markers can be found in Palestinians, distant genetic cousins of the Jews, as well. Palestinians, understandably, want their own ‘right of return’.
That disagreement over the interpretations of Middle Eastern DNA also pits Jewish traditionalists against a particular strain of secular Jewish ultra-liberals who have joined with anti-Israeli Arabs and many non-Jews to argue for an end to Israel as a Jewish nation. Their hero is the Austrian-born Shlomo Sand—and now Elhaik. His study gained buzz in neo-Nazi websites and radical anti-Israeli and more radical pro-Palestinian blogs. For example, the notorious former Ku Klux Klansman David Duke actually attacked Elhaik in his latest anti-Jewish rant—Duke’s anti-Semitic beliefs hang on the fact that Jews are genetically cohesive and conspiratorial. “The disruptive and conflict-ridden behavior which has marked out Jewish Supremacist activities through the millennia strongly suggests that Jews have remained more or less genetically uniform and have … developed a group evolutionary survival strategy based on a common biological unity — something which strongly militates against the Khazar theory,” Duke wrote in his blog in February.
While Elhaik’s work has provided ideological support for those seeking the destruction of Israel, it’s fallen flat among established scientists, who peer reviewed his work and found it sloppy at best and political at worst.
“He’s just wrong,” said Marcus Feldman of Stanford University, a leading researcher in Jewish genetics. “If you take all of the careful genetic population analysis that has been done over the last 15 years… there’s no doubt about the common Middle Eastern origin,” he said. He added that Elhaik’s paper “is sort of a one-off.”
“It’s an unrealistic premise,” said University of Arizona geneticist Michael Hammer, one of the world’s top Y-chromosomal researchers.
Discover’s Razib Khan did a textured critique in his Gene Expression blog, noting the study’s historical fuzziness and its selective use of data to come up with what seems like a pre-cooked conclusion. As Razib writes, it’s hardly surprising that we would find a small but sizable Khazarian contribution to the “Jewish gene pool”. In fact the male line of my own family traces to the Caucusus, suggesting I’m one of the 20 percent or so of Jews whose lineage traces to converted royal Khazarians. But that view is widely acknowledged by Ostrer, Hammer, Feldman, Michael Thomas and every major researcher in this area—as summarized in my book, Abraham’s Children: Race, Identity and the DNA of the Chosen People.
The rebuke of Elhaik’s study apparently has irked the beleaguered and brash researcher. He’s launched a new offensive—the double entendre is intentional—as chronicled in the Jewish Forward. Elhaik is now calling the world’s top geneticists “liars” and “frauds.” When I weighed in on the magazine’s discussion board, Elhaik responded with academic restraint, claiming my reporting was no better than the geneticists he trashed, saying it shared “common ground with the Nazism (sic) ideology.”
Judaism’s tribal roots
Unlike Christianity and Islam, Judaism is not solely a faith-based religion. Its origins, as is the case with the other prominent surviving ancient religion, Zoroastrianism, are tribal. The blood connections mentioned endlessly in the Hebrew Bible are not just symbolic; the Jews of ancient Israel were a clan of connected tribes who coalesced over hundreds of years. While Jesus and later Mohammad transformed the notion of “blood” into “faith”—one could become a Christian or Muslim through faith alone—Judaism has always retained an ancestral component.
In the Torah, that blood link is patrilineal, passed on from father to son. That tradition is preserved today in the Jewish priesthood, known as the Aaronite line. According to the Bible (and we have no way to know if this is historical or apocryphal), Aaron was anointed as the first Jewish priest and his sons and their descendants became the seed population of the Jewish priesthood. Jewish Cohanim—the word means ‘priests’ in Hebrew—supervised the inner sanctum until the destruction of the Second Temple in the first century, after which the Aaronite line was preserved by tradition, with Cohanim having special privileges and responsibilities to this day.
Are present day Cohanim descended from Aaron? That question is unanswerable; we do not even know for certain that Aaron or Moses even existed. However, DNA studies of the Y chromosome have determined that a majority of self-proclaimed Cohanim (it’s an oral tradition) has a set of genetic markers that trace back approximately three thousand years to a single common ancestor. In other words, if there was no Aaron, there was certainly a High Priest early in the Jewish tradition whose ancestors have retained evidence of that tradition in their DNA.
As discussed in Abraham’s Children, Judaism has always retained its tribal roots even as faith-based religions flourished. In the centuries after the destruction of the Second Temple in the first century, Jewish lineage became defined through the mother rather than the father. Jewishness is now based on a triple helix: belief in God (although many Jews are agnostic or atheist); recognition of ancient Israel as a Biblical homeland; and literal blood connection with other Jews, passed on from generation to generation.
To many people—including and especially Jews sensitive to the Nazi branding of Jews as a race, which led to the near extinction of the religion—acknowledging the genetic cohesiveness of Judaism is uncomfortable. Anything that marks Jews as essentially different runs the risk of stirring either anti- or philo-Semitism. But that doesn’t mean we can ignore the factual reality of what Ostrer calls the “biological basis of Jewishness” and “Jewish genetics.” Acknowledging the genetic distinctiveness of Jews is “fraught with peril,” but we must grapple with the hard evidence of “human differences” if we seek to understand their implications of the age of genetics.
Jon Entine, executive director of the Genetic Literacy Project, is a senior fellow at the Center for Health & Risk Communication and STATS (Statistical Assessment Service) at George Mason University.
What role will genetics play in a biology-based approach to psychiatry?
Craig Venter, in interview, says human genome has yielded only glimpse of future
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Columbia10
United States. Army. Corps of Engineers.3
Research and Innovative Technology Administration's Bureau of Transportation Statistics (RITA/BTS)2
Vanderbilt Engineering Center for Transportation Operations and Research Vanderbilt University2
U.S. Bureau of Reclamation, Mid-Pacific Region, MPGIS Service Center1
United States. Bureau of the Census.1
United States. Department of Transportation. Research and Innovative Technology Administration1
United States. Federal Highway Administration.1
U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Navigation Data Center3
Research and Innovative Technology Administration/Bureau of Transportation Statistics2
Federal Highway Administration (FHWA)1
Inlandwaters[remove]11
Transportation[remove]11
Structure4
Canals, Waterways1
Utilitiescommunication1
Kern County (Calif.)1
National Transportation Atlas Databases (NTAD) 20135
You searched for: Access Public Remove constraint Access: Public Subject Transportation Remove constraint Subject: Transportation Subject Inlandwaters Remove constraint Subject: Inlandwaters
1. Canals, Kern County, 2003
2003. U.S. Bureau of Reclamation, Mid-Pacific Region, MPGIS Service Center. Canal system center lines in the Central Valley of California and adjacent areas captured from 1:24,000-scale USGS topographic maps. Updates and mo...
2. National Waterway Network (line)
2008. Vanderbilt Engineering Center for Transportation Operations and Research Vanderbilt University and Research and Innovative Technology Administration's Bureau of Transportation Statistics (RITA/BTS). National Waterway Network is a line theme representing shipping lanes that serve as representative paths in open waterways. The data set covers the... U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Navigation Data Center.
3. National Waterway Network (node)
2008. Vanderbilt Engineering Center for Transportation Operations and Research Vanderbilt University and Research and Innovative Technology Administration's Bureau of Transportation Statistics (RITA/BTS). National Waterway Network (node) is a point theme representing physical entities such as river confluences, ports/facilities, and intermodal termin... U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Navigation Data Center.
4. United States Dams, 2013
2013. United States. Bureau of Transportation Statistics. This map layer portrays major dams of the United States, including Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands. The map layer was created by extracting... Research and Innovative Technology Administration/Bureau of Transportation Statistics.
5. United States Hydrographic Lines, 2013
2011. United States. Bureau of Transportation Statistics and United States. Bureau of the Census. The hydro polygon/arc coverages were created using TIGER/LINE 2000 shapefile data gathered from ESRI's Geography Network. The individual county hyd...
6. United States Inland Waterway Locks, 2013
2013. United States. Bureau of Transportation Statistics and United States. Army. Corps of Engineers. The Navigation Data Center had several objectives in developing the U.S. Waterway Data. These objectives support the concept of a National Spatial ...
7. United States Major Ports, 2013
2013. United States. Bureau of Transportation Statistics. The ports are politically defined by port limits or Corps projects, excluding non-Corps projects not authorized for publication. The determination ... Research and Innovative Technology Administration/Bureau of Transportation Statistics.
8. United States National Bridge Inventory, 2013
2011. United States. Bureau of Transportation Statistics and United States. Federal Highway Administration. The NBI is a collection of information (database) describing the more than 600,000 of the Nation's bridges located on public roads, including Inter... Federal Highway Administration (FHWA).
9. United States National Waterway Network Lines, 2013
2013. United States. Bureau of Transportation Statistics and United States. Department of Transportation. Research and Innovative Technology Administration. The National Waterway Network is a comprehensive network database of the nation's navigable waterways. The data set covers the 48 contiguous states... U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Navigation Data Center.
10. United States National Waterway Network Points, 2013
2011. United States. Bureau of Transportation Statistics and United States. Army. Corps of Engineers. The National Waterway Network is a comprehensive network database of the nation's navigable waterways. The data set covers the 48 contiguous states...
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New UDRP Rules Will Help Reduce 'Cyberflight'
A new set of rules for the Uniform Domain Name Dispute Resolution Policy will help to reduce one troublesome tactic used by cybersquatters -- "cyberflight."
Cyberflight has been defined as as "an attempt to avoid or delay judicial or UDRP proceedings by changing domain registration details or registrars after learning of a complaint." Many domain name dispute panels have found that "this conduct is itself an indication of bad-faith registration and use under Paragraph 4(b)" of the UDRP.
The new rules are effective as of July 31, 2015.
Under the old rules, it was unclear when a domain name's registrar was required to "lock" a domain name after a UDRP complaint was filed. As a result, there was often a small window of opportunity for a registrant to transfer a domain name (typically to an accomplice) after a complaint was filed but before the dispute provider (such as WIPO or NAF) officially "commenced" the proceeding. If a transfer occurred, then the complainant would have to amend the UDRP complaint to identify the new registrant (which also could affect the factual arguments) or even terminate the case. Either result would be expensive, time-consuming and frustrating.
Fortunately, the new rules clarify when a domain name should be locked. Specifically, under the new rules, the party filing a UDRP complaint (that is, the complainant) is no longer required to notify the registrant about the complaint. Instead, Rule 4 now says:
Within two (2) business days of receiving the Provider's verification request, the Registrar shall provide the information requested in the verification request and confirm that a Lock of the domain name has been applied. The Registrar shall not notify the Respondent of the proceeding until the Lock status has been applied. The Lock shall remain in place through the remaining Pendency of the UDRP proceeding.
To be clear, the rules state that a "Lock" means "a set of measures that a registrar applies to a domain name, which prevents at a minimum any modification to the registrant and registrar information by the Respondent, but does not affect the resolution of the domain name or the renewal of the domain name."
This rule change has been a long time in the making; indeed, WIPO advocated for it more than seven years ago.
Now, domain name disputes will be able to proceed with one less procedural trick in play.
Newer PostWhy the URS is (So Far) an Unpopular Domain Name Dispute Policy
Older PostWhy Trademark Owners Need Not Fret Over Every Domain Name That 'Sucks'
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You are at:Home»Latest News»Sam to team up with The Postman!
Sam to team up with The Postman!
MANCHESTER-born Sam Horsfield is hoping for a first class show in America – after being paired up with the man they call The Postman.
Ian Poulter’s record in the Ryder Cup has earned him the popular nickname – because he always delivers when needed – and now he will join Horsfield in the only team event on the PGA TOUR in the United States.
The Zurich Classic takes place at the end of this month, with Poulter – who has played in six Ryder Cups – joining Horsfield, who is on only his second year as a European Tour player.
Poulter is already a big fan of the 22 years-old, having tipped Horsfield for success from an early age after impressing as a junior – he carded a 59 at the age of 13 at the Highlands Reserve Golf Club in Orlando and enjoyed a successful amateur career in America.
Steve Worthy, CEO of the Fore!Kids Foundation, producer of the tournament, was delighted with the pairing, saying: “Ian Poulter is one of the most successful European players in Ryder Cup history while is partner Sam Horsfield enjoyed a successful rookie season on the European Tour last year, and we look forward to his debut here this year.”
Horsfield played college golf played at the University of Florida, where he won three tournaments as a freshman in 2015. He also came through qualifying to compete in the U.S. Open in both 2015 and 2016.
The 22 years-old joined the professional ranks in 2017 and won the final stage of European Tour qualifying by eight shots to earn his card for 2018.
He enjoyed a successful rookie season on the European Tour, recording three top fives and six top tens, including a runner-up finish at the Tshwane Open and a tie for fifth in the Sky Sports British Masters.
In his only start on the PGA TOUR this season, Horsfield tied for 33rd in the Arnold Palmer Invitational presented by Mastercard. In 2018, he tied for 14th in the same tournament.
This year’s Zurich Classic takes place from April 22-28, 2019 at TPC Louisiana in Avondale. Purse for the event totals $7.3 million, with each member of the winning team earning $1,051,200.
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← Secret London: more streets beneath London streets
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Wappingness
This is an edited version of a piece about Wapping written in 2011.
‘Explore Wapping,’ exhorted Samuel Johnson to Boswell, ‘to see the wonderful extent and variety of London.’ It is fine advice still. Johnson was speaking in the 1790s, when Wapping was London’s principle settlement for sailors, a hive of cobbled streets and damp, narrow alleys that led to the numerous wharves and jetties of riverside London, but his instruction rings true today. Explore Wapping and see how London can demonstrate a seemingly infinite capacity to reinvent itself, how it will welcome newcomers and how it celebrates its past while never neglecting to engage with the future. Few cities have such a knack at looking simultaneously backwards as well as forwards, and few places in London do this better then Wapping. Here, Morrissey explores Wapping landmarks in his 1992 video, “We Hate It When Our Friends Become Successful”, just as the area was undergoing heavy gentrification.
To understand Wapping try approaching it from St Katherine’s Dock, the pretty riverside development that lies adjacent to the Tower of London. Leave St Katharine Dock at the point where it almost touches the Thames and you will arrive in Wapping at the very western end of Wapping High Street, the charismatic street that runs parallel to the river for the length of the district. Here, on the corner with Kennet Street, is a large stone wall, decorated with icicle-like drips of cement. Inside the wall is a large red brick building, which still proudly wears the emblem of the Port Of London Authority, although this has over time turned the sort of misty green colour you associate with cannons dredged from the ocean floor.
This is the old dock house, a remnant of when Wapping was home to London Docks, and it stands next to Hermitage Basin, one of the few parts of the dock complex not to have been filled with concrete and covered with roads and houses in the 1970s. Hermitage Basin once offered a way for ships from around the world to get from the mammoth London Dock to the Thames, but now it is a sweet little ornamental lake surrounded by houses, and a home itself to a sedate family of regal swans and the odd mallard.
Hermitage Basin is a fine example of what you could call Wappingness: the way Wapping has come to terms with its past, making sensible accommodation with what has been before. This has not been an easy task. Wapping has been battered by change over the centuries, first when the docks were built in 1805, carving great watery holes throughout the neighbourhood and reducing the population of 6,000 by two thirds, and then when they were filled in again in the 1970s, eradicating what had been Wapping’s identity for more than 150 years. The warehouses and docks of Wapping were also heavily targeted by German bombers during the Second World War. But still it prospers.
Signs of Wapping’s maritime heritage are everywhere. Before the docks arrived, it was a place of wharves, jetties, warehouses, boatbuilders, sailmakers, brothels and pubs, having been originally settled by the Saxons and used by London’s sailors for centuries. The building of the docks over reclaimed marshland helped cement these long links with the sea, even if they replaced the bustling village atmosphere with vast warehouses and a more transient population. The London Docks were the closest docks to the City of London, which gave them a significant advantage over those docks that had recently been built on the Isle of Dogs.
In these Wapping warehouses, dockers would unload treasures from right across the British Empire, including tobacco, rum, whalebone, spices, cocoa, coffee, rubber, coconuts, marble and wool. Settlers from overseas lived in Wapping – nearby Limehouse was home to London’s first Chinatown and is now home to a thriving Bangladeshi community – and artists, writers and poets would come to Wapping to glimpse exotica in the form of both the goods brought from overseas and in the working-class men and women who lived and worked in the area. They would then disperse around London and the East End, taking some of the essence of Wapping with them across the Highway into Whitechapel, Spitalfields and beyond. Later still, artists set up studios in the derelict warehouses of Wapping in the 1970s, heralding a trend that soon spread throughout east London.
The chief attraction, of course, was the river, although the Thames itself can only intermittently be glimpsed between the tall warehouses that act almost like a river wall. But stroll round Wapping and you’ll see signs of its maritime history everywhere in the shape of weathered dock walls, converted warehouses and industrial walkways that allow passageway high above the cobbled streets. Here are restaurants and pubs that pay homage to the past, plus a pretty canal that stretches in a narrow strip from Hermitage Basin in the west to Shadwell Basin in the east, offering a slender shadow of the bustling docks that once stood here. Between buildings on Wapping High Street you can see numerous ancient stone stairs, green with age, that lead directly down to the river.
Such is the all-pervasive water-soaked atmosphere that Wapping itself can even feel like something of an island, bordered on three side by the liquid barriers of the Thames, St Katherine’s Dock and Shadwell Basin and with a busy main road, the Highway, to the north, cutting it off from the rest of London. And within this island, there is just as much to explore as there was in Johnson’s time. You can find London’s oldest riverside inn, the grisly site of pirate executions, an abandoned shopping centre, a gorgeous listed church, a power station turned art gallery, a historic foot tunnel, London’s only memorial to the Blitz, a beach that the Beatles posed on, mudlarks searching for Tudor bric-a-brac, Wapping Wood and an escaped tiger. So follow Johnson, explore Wapping, embrace Wappingness.
This entry was posted in Animals, Archaeology, Architecture, Art, Boats, History, Journalism, London, Nature, War and tagged beach, Captain Kidd, history, jamrach, london dock, Pirates, prospect of whitby, tiger, Tobacco Dock, wapping. Bookmark the permalink.
3 responses to “Wappingness”
Dave | February 10, 2014 at 11:58 | Reply
I love wandering down to Wapping from Tower Hill, making your way through St Katherine Docks makes you feel as if you’re on holiday. The Prospect of Whitby and the Captain Kidd are lovely pubs to site by the river and Il Bordello is a fantastic Italian restaurant to get some food
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Two dead, 10 missing during alleged push-back operation off Greek island
A top European human rights official has criticised Greece following a deadly boat accident.
A fishing boat crammed with migrants capsized near Farmakonisi, a tiny Greek island in the Aegean Sea near Turkey.
The boat was being towed by a coast guard vessel. The bodies of a woman and an 11-year-old boy were found. A further 10 people were missing, among them infants and children.
The UN Refugee Agency (UNHCR) issued a statement saying it is “dismayed” to have learned of the tragedy.
The survivors, now on the island of Leros, told UNHCR they were being towed in the direction of Turkey at the time of the accident.
The European Council on Refugees and Exiles (ECRE) has reported that refugees attempting to cross the EU’s external borders with Turkey are systematically pushed back from Greek territorial waters, the Greek islands and from the land border.
Another NGO, Pro Asyl, issued a report last November specifically outlining violations that had occurred in the proximity of Farmakonisi.
“It is highly likely that this action by the Greek coast guard was an illegal push-back operation rather than a rescue at sea,” said Karl Kopp, Director of European Affairs with Pro Asyl.
The UN has called for an inquiry. “UNHCR is urging the authorities to investigate this incident and how lives were lost on a boat that was under tow,” said Laurens Jolles, UNHCR’s Southern Europe Regional Representative.
“In addition survivors need to be quickly moved to the mainland so that their needs can be better looked after,” Jolles added.
The incident is the first of its kind in 2014, and the latest in a string of recent boat disasters in the Mediterranean involving people fleeing by sea towards Europe.
More than 360 people died on October 3, 2013 in a capsizing off of Italy’s Lampedusa. Several other deadly incidents were reported over the following weeks.
Greece has become a main point of entry for unauthorised migrants heading toward Europe.
Copyright © 2014 euronews
Author GREEK WORLD MEDIAPosted on January 23, 2014 Categories GREECE
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JJ Fad Relieved Dr. Dre Finally Credits Their Contributions To Ruthless Records
July 12, 2017 | 8:44 AM
Instagram/JJFad
When The Defiant Ones aired on Sunday (July 9), viewers of the four-episode docu-series about the lives of Dr. Dre and Jimmy Iovine were privy to an inside look at the DNA of Ruthless Records. From the synthesis of N.W.A to the fallout with Ice Cube, episode two went into meticulous detail about everything going on during the label’s ascent — including the making of JJ Fad.
As the first female rap group signed to Ruthless Records, JJ Fad — MC J.B., Sassy C and Baby D — was a huge part of the imprint’s narrative, but were completely left out of the 2015 N.W.A biopic Straight Outta Compton. In fact, they were never even asked to participate.
“We were all a family and I felt slighted,” Sassy C tells HipHopDX. “We have been left out of a lot of things in regards to the role we played — whether it’s been Ruthless Records or our contribution to rap as a whole.”
“We were a big part of the Ruthless family,” Baby D adds. “Even when they did Straight Outta Compton and snubbed us, if they would have actually just told the truth in that movie, we would have been ecstatic. I don’t get how they could skip over that part. That was hurtful. I was more hurt than anything, especially when friends and family were asking us what happened. You deal with it, but it really hurt us.”
What many people don’t realize is without JJ Fad’s Platinum-selling debut album, 1988’s Supersonic, Ruthless wouldn’t have had the funding to drop N.W.A’s seminal project, Straight Outta Compton, which was released later that same year.
“I was pissed [about the biopic],” J.B. admits. “Only because you can’t tell that story without mentioning us. Without us, there wouldn’t have been an N.W.A album. I mean, there might have been one, but it might not have come out that soon without the funding. Eric [Eazy-E] wanted a legitimate label, so he legitimized it by putting out our album first. That made it easier.”
So when Dre credited JJ Fad with paving the way for Ruthless’ eventual success during a segment in the The Defiant Ones, the three MCs heaved a collective sigh of relief. Finally, they thought, he told the full story.
“I was elated, relieved and excited that the world was going to finally hear the truth from someone as influential as Dr. Dre,” Sassy explains. “And also that he hadn’t forgotten.”
“When I walked in [the house], my daughter was watching it and I had no idea we were on there like that,” D says. “I was super excited, but the most important thing is we weren’t forgotten. Dre actually mentioned us and showed the truth.”
“It was great because it was right out of his mouth,” J.B. adds. “That made a huge impact on us.”
Old studio footage of JJ Fad used in the episode showed them recording their verses for the classic Hip Hop track “Supersonic” and hanging out with pivotal players like Eazy-E, Arabian Prince, The D.O.C. and, of course, Dre. There’s even a scene where Eazy can’t get his verse right for the track “Radio,” which ultimately needed seemingly endless takes to finalize.
Congratulations to our brothers NWA for being inducted into the Grammy Hall Of Fame! We are very proud of them!! #ruthlessforlife
A post shared by JJ Fad (MCJB, BabyD SassyC) (@j.j.fad) on Nov 29, 2016 at 5:59pm PST
“[The video footage] absolutely, positively took me right back like it was 25 years ago,” D admits. “In the first episode, I’m standing behind Eazy and he couldn’t get his words down. If you look at my face, I’m thinking, ‘This boy. He can’t get it for nothing [laughs].’ Like, ‘Take 86, take 3,000.’ It took a long time. We were just cracking up.”
J.B. also confesses a couple of them were dating at the time, but D knows better and jokes,”I was a minor. I don’t know nothing. I plead the 5th. I’ll get somebody thrown in jail. They finding stuff on Bill Cosby from 87 years ago [laughs].”
#fbf Magazine promo with #EazyE #Drdre and #LayLaw #jjfad #nwa #Ruthlessfamily ?
A post shared by JJ Fad (MCJB, BabyD SassyC) (@j.j.fad) on Jan 17, 2014 at 8:18pm PST
While Dre’s mention and footage of JJ Fad is a step in the right direction, they believe there’s still a long way to go.
“I wouldn’t say we were vindicated, but we’re definitely on the path to healing,” Sassy says. “We have not been acknowledged by our own community. BET has hosted numerous shows paying homage to female rappers and black women in general. We have not been recognized, nor have we even been extended an invitation to attend when we were the first female group nominated for a Grammy. We were also one of the first rap groups to go Platinum.”
It’s clear there’s more to story, but the ladies are holding out for a biopic of their own to hopefully fill in the blanks one day. For now, there’s a sense they’re simply happy to be a part of Hip Hop history.
“When we were in it that long ago, we didn’t realize what a blessing it was to be in that space right then and right there,” J.B. says. “We were having so much fun and we were so young, but when you get older and look back at the pivotal time and role we played at Ruthless, it makes you think like, ‘Wow, we didn’t realize we were that important at that time.’ We do now.”
Tune in to The Defiant Ones tonight for Episode 2 finally giving you the real story of how JJ Fad was the first to go Gold on Ruthless Records! Thank you @drdre for telling the story factually!! #LoveDreAlways #RuthlessPrincesses
A post shared by JJ Fad (MCJB, BabyD SassyC) (@j.j.fad) on Jul 10, 2017 at 8:11pm PDT
Correction: A previous version of this story stated that JJ Fad was the only female group ever signed to Ruthless Records. There was also H.W.A. and Menajahtwa.
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Counting the Electoral Vote - David Dudley Field Objects to the Vote of Florida
Theodore Russell Davis
Harper's Weekly
The process of resolving the disputed 1876 presidential election is illustrated in this wood engraving. Florida was one of four states that sent two sets of inconsistent returns to Congress. David Dudley Field, who served a single term in Congress, objects to Florida’s returns in a packed Chamber. The newly formed Electoral Commission is seated facing the rostrum, which is populated not only by the usual officials, but also a group of exhausted and distracted Pages.
View Related People
Washington, D.C. - The Electoral Contest - The United States Senators Entering the House of Representatives, with the Electoral Certificates to Re-Open the Joint Session, February 12th
FIELD, David Dudley
The Electoral Vote Count of the 1876 Presidential Election
History, Art & Archives, U.S. House of Representatives, “Counting the Electoral Vote - David Dudley Field Objects to the Vote of Florida,” https://history.house.gov/Collection/Listing/2005/2005-106-000/ (July 17, 2019)
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The Prime Minister was asked—
Mike Kane (Wythenshawe and Sale East) (Lab)
Q1. If he will list his official engagements for Wednesday 11 May. [904962]
The Prime Minister (Mr David Cameron)
This morning, I had meetings with ministerial colleagues and others and, in addition to my duties in this House, I shall have further such meetings later today.
Mike Kane
Even “fantastically corrupt” Nigeria is asking Britain to clean up its act and introduce beneficial ownership registers in the overseas territories. Will the Prime Minister achieve that tomorrow at the anti-corruption summit?
First, I had better check that the microphone is on before speaking. It is probably a good idea.
I thank the hon. Gentleman for his question. The answer is yes. We have asked three things of the overseas territories and Crown dependencies: automatic exchange of tax information; a common reporting standard for multinational companies; and central beneficial ownership registries so that UK enforcement can know who really owns the companies that are based there. They have delivered on the first two, and they will be following and delivering on the third. That is what he asked for, and that is exactly what he is getting.
Victoria Prentis (Banbury) (Con)
Q2. In Banbury and Bicester, we have unprecedented housing growth. Does the Prime Minister agree that we must build sufficient starter homes so that the dream of home ownership becomes something to which everybody can really aspire? [904963]
I thank my constituency neighbour and hon. Friend for raising that question. The fact is that we are building more houses, including more affordable homes, right across England. The legislation going through this House and the other place will ensure that we deliver on our manifesto pledge of 200,000 starter homes. Those are the homes that we want to see—affordable for people to buy. I hope that, even at this late stage, the Labour party and the House of Lords will stop blocking this Bill.
Jeremy Corbyn (Islington North) (Lab)
Since we often celebrate great national events in this House, will the Prime Minister join me in wishing Sir David Attenborough a very happy 90th birthday and thanking him for the way in which he has presented nature programmes on television and awakened the ideas of so many people to the fragility of our ecosystem? He has educated a whole generation.
On this side of the House, we are fully aware—[Interruption.] I haven’t asked a question yet. We are fully aware that the European Union has strengthened workers’ rights in many ways. In March, while the Prime Minister was trying to undermine workers’ rights with his Trade Union Bill, the European Commission put forward proposals to close loopholes in the posting of workers directive that would stop employers exploiting foreign workers and undercutting national rates of pay. Will the Prime Minister confirm that his Government will protect workers and back these reforms to stop the undercutting and the grotesque exploitation of many workers across the continent?
First of all, I certainly join the right hon. Gentleman in wishing a very happy birthday to David Attenborough. Many of us in this House feel that we grew up with him as our teacher about the natural world and the environment. He is a remarkable man. I am proud to say that the royal Arctic survey ship will be named after David Attenborough. There was strong support for Boaty McBoatface. I think the submarine on the boat will be named Boaty McBoatface but, quite rightly, Attenborough will take top billing.
On the posted workers directive, we are looking at this matter closely and working with our partners. We see some merit in what is proposed. I can tell the right hon. Gentleman today that the yellow card procedure has been invoked by national Parliaments over this, demonstrating the importance of these sorts of safeguards, even more of which we achieved in my renegotiation. The best thing that we can do for workers’ rights in this country is to celebrate the national living wage, introduced by a Tory Government.
The national minimum wage was introduced by Labour. The national living wage proposed by the Prime Minister’s friend the Chancellor is, frankly, a corruption of the very idea. It is not, in reality, a proper living wage.
My question was about the posting of workers directive proposals, which would prevent the grotesque exploitation by unscrupulous employers of workers being moved from one nation to another to undercut wages in the second nation. Will the Prime Minister be absolutely clear: will the British Government support this very important reform to stop this exploitation?
As I have said, we are working with the Dutch presidency. We think there is merit in a lot of the proposals, but we want to make sure we get the details right.
Let me pull the right hon. Gentleman up on something: he has just described the national living wage as “a corruption”. The national living wage is £7.20 an hour—a £20 a week pay rise for some of the poorest people in our country. I really think he ought to get up and say that he supports the national living wage, and thank the Government for introducing it.
I support a wage rise, obviously. The point I am making is that it is not a living wage, as it is generally understood.
Yes seems to be one of the hardest words for the Prime Minister to say. For the third time, will he just say whether or not he supports the posting of workers directive? He might be aware that Patrick Minford, a former economic adviser to Margaret Thatcher, said that the European Union has a negative effect on the City of London and that he wants the “shackles” of European regulation removed. Does the Prime Minister believe that our membership hurts the City of London or does he believe that European Union regulation of the finance sector in Britain and British-administered tax havens help curb the sort of bad practice exposed by the Panama papers and underlined by my hon. Friend the Member for Wythenshawe and Sale East (Mike Kane) in his earlier question?
This is an area where we basically agree with each other about the European Union, so I will try to identify a question in that lot and answer it as positively as I can. First, I completely disagree with the economist Patrick Minford. He wants to see manufacturing industry in our country obliterated. It would be a disastrous step if we followed the advice that he gives. On the City of London, we need the right regulation for the City of London to continue its massive rate of job creation and wealth creation in our country, but we also need to remain members of the single market because it is absolutely vital for this important sector of our economy. I hope that on that, as on the issue of the national living wage, we can find some agreement between us.
The question that I also put to the Prime Minister, which perhaps he was not listening to, was what he was going to do—[Interruption.] I asked what he was going to do about the UK-administered tax havens that receive large sums of money from dodgy sources, which should and must be closed down, as should any tax evasion in the City of London. We need a British Government who are prepared to chase down this level of corruption.
This Government have done more than any previous Government to make sure that our overseas territories and Crown dependencies are not tax havens, but behave in a responsible way. As I said earlier, they are now taking part in the automatic exchange of tax information—that did not happen before; they have signed up to a common reporting standard for multinational companies—that did not happen before; and they are getting central registries so that we can find out who owns the companies in each territory. All these things are real progress. Of course, we would like them to go further and have public registries of beneficial ownership, as we are introducing in this country, not because of anything a Labour Government did, but because of a decision by a Conservative Prime Minister. I urge the right hon. Gentleman to be fair on those territories and Crown dependencies: many of them have gone much further even than many developed countries. Indeed, you get more information now out of some of our Crown dependencies and overseas territories than you would get out of the United States—for example, Delaware. So let us be fair on the territories for which we have an obligation and a responsibility. We are making them improve their record and the right hon. Gentleman should acknowledge that.
A month ago the Prime Minister informed the House that he welcomed the European Union proposals on country-by-country tax transparency reporting. We agreed with that, yet on 26 April Conservative Members of the European Parliament voted against these proposals. Did they not receive a memo from him or what? People expect that people pay their tax in this country. Tomorrow the European Parliament will be voting again on country-by-country reporting. Can the Prime Minister assure the House that Conservative Members of the European Parliament will support these measures, as he told us they would a month ago?
The most important thing is that we support these measures. This Government support the measures. These measures have come forward only because it has been a Conservative Government here in the United Kingdom proposing them. The only area of disagreement, I suspect, between the right hon. Gentleman and myself is that I do not think we should set a minimum tax rate for these countries. It has always been a position of Labour Governments and previous Conservative Governments that although we want to make sure that all these territories behave properly, we do not make them set a minimum tax rate. That is the difference between us. If he wants to swap voting records of Labour MEPs and Tory MEPs, let us have a whole session on it. I have plenty of material here.
That was a very long answer—[Interruption.] The Prime Minister could simply have said whether or not he supports the proposals and whether his Conservative MEPs are going to vote for them.
The Prime Minister will be very well aware of the concern across the whole country about the question of unaccompanied child refugees across Europe. Their plight is desperate and they are in a very dangerous situation. Everyone’s heart reaches out to them, but we have to do more than that and we have to be practical in our help for them. I got a letter this week from a voluntary worker with child refugees by the name of Hannah. She wrote to me about these children, some of whom have family members in this country. Can the Prime Minister confirm that in response to Lord Dubs’ amendment, there will be no delay whatsoever in accepting 3,000 unaccompanied child refugees into this country to give them the support they need and allow them to enjoy the childhood that they and all our children deserve?
We will follow the Dubs amendment —that is now the law of the land. The Dubs amendment says that we have to consult very carefully with local authorities to make sure that, as we take these children in, we are able to house them, clothe them, feed them and make sure they are properly looked after. So we need to look at the capacity of our care system, because if you look at some councils, particularly in Kent and southern England, you see they are already struggling because of the large number of unaccompanied children who have come in.
Just two figures for the right hon. Gentleman, to put this in context. Last year 3,000 unaccompanied children arrived and claimed asylum in the UK, even before the scheme that is being introduced. The second figure is, under the Dublin regulation, children with a connection to the UK can already claim asylum in France or Italy and then come to the UK, and we have accepted 30 such transfers since February. What I can say about Dubs is that there will not be any delay—we will get on with this as fast as we can—but in order to follow the law, we have to talk to our local authorities first.
Tom Pursglove (Corby) (Con)
Q4. During President Obama’s recent visit, was the Prime Minister able to talk to him about the Chinese dumping of steel and the robust action he has been able to take in the United States to address it, including introducing tariffs of 288%? If so, was his advice, “Keep backing British steel, increase the tariffs and tell the Chinese to go to the back of the line”? [904965]
I did discuss this issue with President Obama, and both the US and the European Union have taken action against Chinese dumping. If you look at the figures, the excess capacity in China is around 25 times higher than the UK’s entire production. The anti-dumping tariffs we have produced in the EU have been very effective and, in some categories, have reduced Chinese exports by as much as 98%. So my hon. Friend should not believe some of the figures put around that the EU action does not work; it does work, and if we were outside the EU we might be subject to those tariffs ourselves.
Angus Robertson (Moray) (SNP)
The Prime Minister’s Government were elected with 37% of the vote, so I am sure he would acknowledge the success of Nicola Sturgeon and the SNP in being returned victoriously, for a third time, with 46% of the vote—the highest figure currently of any political party in national elections anywhere in western Europe.
On the anti-corruption summit, has the Prime Minister read the appeals from Nigerian campaigners who say that their
“efforts are sadly undermined if countries such as your own are welcoming our corrupt to hide their ill-gotten gains in your luxury homes, department stores, car dealerships, private schools and anywhere else that will accept their cash with no questions asked. The role of London’s property market as vessels to conceal stolen wealth has been exposed in court documents, reports, documentaries and more”?
What is the Prime Minister going to do about this?
I am delighted to congratulate Nicola Sturgeon on her victory in the Scottish elections, as I am sure the right hon. Gentleman would want to congratulate Ruth Davidson on her stunning performance. We have something in common, because the SNP has gone from majority to minority, while the Conservatives have gone from coalition to majority. Next week he can get up and ask me how we are getting on with ordering some more pandas for Edinburgh zoo—I think that would be a very positive development.
The question the right hon. Gentleman asks about the corruption summit is absolutely right: the whole point of holding this summit in London is to say that action is necessary by developed countries as well as developing countries. One of the steps we are taking—to make sure that foreign companies that own UK property have to declare who the beneficial owner is—will be one of the ways we make sure that plundered money from African countries cannot be hidden in London.
Angus Robertson
It would be helpful if the Prime Minister confirmed that that list will be publicly available and not just accessible for the police. Seeing as how he is prepared to lecture other countries on corruption and probity, will he explain why seven police forces in the UK have launched criminal investigations into Conservative MPs for potential electoral fraud? That is very serious, so how is it that a Conservative police and crime commissioner can serve in such a role while being under police investigation?
First, let us be clear about this anti-corruption summit. Nobody is lecturing anybody. One of the reasons this issue does not get addressed is that countries and politicians are too worried about addressing it knowing that no country is perfect—nor, indeed, is any politician. But I think it is right for Britain to take this lead, not least because we meet our 0.7% contribution on aid. I think we are entitled to raise this incredibly important issue. As to what the right hon. Gentleman says about the Electoral Commission, the whole point is that in this country the Electoral Commission is independent. When it comes to operational decisions by police forces, they are independent too. Long may that be the case: that is the hallmark of an incorrupt country.
Henry Smith (Crawley) (Con)
Q8. I know my right hon. Friend will want to join me in congratulating Katy Bourne, who was re-elected as the Sussex police and crime commissioner last week, topping the poll in Crawley for her work in helping victims. In that respect, will the Prime Minister commit to introducing a British Bill of Rights as soon as possible? [904969]
I am happy to make that commitment and let me join him in congratulating Katy Bourne and all successful candidates. I think what we saw in the police and crime commissioner elections—[Interruption.] In a minute. What we saw in the police and crime commissioner elections was a very large increase in turnout, sometimes as much as a 25 percentage point increase. I think this new role is bedding in well.
For the sake of completion, I am very happy to congratulate Carwyn Jones, whom I spoke to over the weekend, and Arlene Foster, who will be First Minister of Northern Ireland. I spoke to her and the Deputy First Minister yesterday. And I congratulate Sadiq Khan, who won a very clear victory in London. We all look forward to working with him for the benefit of Londoners.
Diana Johnson (Kingston upon Hull North) (Lab)
Q3. When Hull was left out of the Government’s plans for the rail electrification of the north, Hull businesses got together and produced a privately financed scheme to do the work for the city of culture 2017. It has been with the Department for Transport for two years. Does the Prime Minister think that the Department for Transport’s attitude shows incompetence or indifference to the scheme that has been put forward with private money? [904964]
I think the hon. Lady is being slightly unfair on the Department, not least because passengers will benefit from 500 brand new carriages, and the removal of the outdated and unpopular Pacer trains. Some £1.4 million of investment is going into Hull station to be delivered before it becomes the UK city of culture. I understand that the Department for Transport is considering the case to complete the electrification between Selby and Hull. We make these investments because we have a strong economy and we are investing in our infrastructure.
Andrew Stephenson (Pendle) (Con)
Q9. I recently visited Silentnight in Barnoldswick. Its award-winning apprenticeship scheme has now created 40 full-time jobs. Will the Prime Minister join me in congratulating Silentnight on the success of its scheme, which has helped the company to expand, and allowed it recently to award all of its more than 1,000 employees with an additional £250 thank you bonus? [904970]
I am happy to join my hon. Friend in congratulating Silentnight. I remember visiting it with him in 2014. Back then, it employed 800 people. It now employs 1,100 people. That is a good example of a business expanding under this Government. It is a big backer of apprenticeships. Of course, our target is 3 million apprentices in this Parliament.
Jess Phillips (Birmingham, Yardley) (Lab)
Q5. Already in 2016, at least 46 women have been murdered in the UK. This number would be much higher if not for specialist refuges. I am standing to beg the Prime Minister to exempt refuge accommodation from the changes to housing benefit beyond 2017. This will certainly close services. I do not want to hear a stock answer about the £40 million over the next four years. He knows and I know that that will not stop refuges shutting. Will he exempt refuges? Will he choose to save lives—please? [904966]
The hon. Lady raises an important point. That is why we delayed the introduction of this change so that we could look at all the possible consequences and make sure we get it right so that we help vulnerable people.
Mike Freer (Finchley and Golders Green) (Con)
Q12. HIV infection rates in the UK are on the rise. My right hon. Friend will be aware that NHS England has refused to fund a pre-exposure prophylactic treatment. Will he agree to meet me and leading AIDS charities so that we can review this unacceptable decision? [904973]
It is right that my hon. Friend raises this. My understanding is that NHS England is considering its commissioning responsibility. I want it to reach a decision on this quickly—this month, if possible—because there is no doubt, as he says, that there is a rising rate of infection, and that these treatments can help and make a difference. We are planning trial sites that are already under way, and we are investing £2 million to support them over the next two years. But he is right to raise this, and I will make sure he gets the meetings he needs to make progress with it.
Keir Starmer (Holborn and St Pancras) (Lab)
Q6. In my first year as an MP, every other person coming to my constituency advice service surgery has been an anxious council tenant, usually mum, dad and two or three children living in a one-bedroom flat, and they are often in tears. They cannot afford to rent in the private market, they cannot afford to buy their council flat, and they absolutely cannot afford a starter home. Can the Prime Minister explain in practical and meaningful terms that I can read to them from Hansard when I go to my surgery on Friday why, in his view, the Housing and Planning Bill will not make their intolerable situation worse? [904967]
I would say to the hon. and learned Gentleman’s constituents that there is a series of things that I believe will help them. First, making sure that the right to buy is there for housing association tenants as well as council tenants, with the full discounts, makes a difference. Added to that, Help to Buy means that people need a smaller amount of equity to buy their house, and that helps too. Further to that, starter homes will make a difference because they will be more affordable. Added to that, shared accommodation homes means that where you previously needed a deposit of £30,000 to buy a house, you may be able to buy a house now for a just a few thousand pounds’ deposit. All of those things make a difference. And for those in estates that need regeneration, we are backing that regeneration, which never happened under a Labour Government.
Craig Williams (Cardiff North) (Con)
Q13. I am proud that this Government have delivered unemployment levels in my constituency at a record low of 1.6%. I am doubly proud that this Government have delivered the Cardiff city deal—a £1.2 billion investment in infrastructure. Does the Prime Minister agree, and does he share my eagerness now to see the M4 relief road, the eastern bay link, and electrification of the City and Valley lines delivered in Wales? [904974]
My hon. Friend is absolutely right to raise these issues, because the money is there, and now, frankly, with a new Welsh Government in place, we need the action, particularly on the M4, which is a vital transport artery. We have given the Welsh Government £500 million in increased borrowing powers. The delay in upgrading the M4 is damaging business in south Wales, and frankly it is high time that the Welsh Government got on with it.
Roger Mullin (Kirkcaldy and Cowdenbeath) (SNP)
Q7. The “Why young Syrians choose to fight” report claims that it is money rather than religious fervour that acts as a recruiter for Daesh. While the Syrian army pays about $100 per month, often late, Daesh can pay $300 a month, on time, due to its funding and sophistication. Does the Prime Minister agree that much more needs to be done to offer alternative economic avenues for Syrians, to disrupt flows of funding, and to undermine the brains behind Daesh? [904968]
I agree with what the hon. Gentleman says about the importance of economic development and aid, and that is why we have a very generous aid budget, but clearly right now in Syria it is very difficult to get aid support and development through. Where I take issue with him is that if we see this purely as Daesh recruiting people because it is paying them, we would miss the point that the cancer of Islamist extremist violence is damaging our world and our country not just in Syria but in other places too, and we have to understand the nature of that extremism if we are going to defeat it.
Mr Alan Mak (Havant) (Con)
Q14. Havant’s new Dunsbury Hill Farm business park will create about 3,500 new jobs. Will the Prime Minister join me in congratulating its first new tenant, Fat Face, and support job creation across Britain? [904975]
I certainly join my hon. Friend in congratulating business in his constituency on its expansion. The claimant count in his constituency has fallen by a staggering 52% since 2010, and we need to keep on with this by making sure that we are expanding the training and the apprenticeships that help people to get the jobs that are being created.
Gavin Newlands (Paisley and Renfrewshire North) (SNP)
Q10. The Prime Minister said as Leader of the Opposition that the UK was fast becoming a “surveillance state” with powers that would “cause concern under the most oppressive regimes”,and he promised to “sweep the whole rotten edifice away.”But he has completely U-turned, and his Investigatory Powers Bill proposes to retain a record of every website visited by anyone in the UK. Why has the Prime Minister changed from being the self-proclaimed defender of civil liberties in opposition to championing ineffective mass surveillance in government? [904971]
I completely disagree with the hon. Gentleman, and I hope that he will follow and listen to the debates that take place on this vital Bill. The fact is that if we want to make sure that we can keep our country safe, just as we have been able to see the communications data when two people talk to each other on a mobile phone or a fixed phone, the same has to be true if that conversation is taking place between people visiting an internet site. Is he happy for plots to be hatched, terrorism to be planned and murders to be arranged because people are using an internet site rather than a telephone? My answer to that would be no. We have got to modernise our capabilities to keep our country safe, and that is what this Bill is about.
Geoffrey Clifton-Brown (The Cotswolds) (Con)
My right hon. Friend said in November 2015:
“Access to the internet shouldn’t be a luxury; it should be a right”.
The accompanying press release went on to say that every home and business could
“have access to fast broadband by the end of this Parliament.”
Will my right hon. Friend say today, unequivocally—no ifs or buts—that this commitment will be honoured?
I am afraid my hon. Friend is going to have to wait for the Queen’s Speech, in which we will be setting out the next steps of how we make sure that access to this absolutely vital highway is there for all our citizens.
Chris Law (Dundee West) (SNP)
Q11. Will the Prime Minister give me a personal commitment to work with the Scottish Government to deliver funding for a Tay city deal for Dundee and the surrounding area? [904972]
I am very happy to give that commitment. I think city deals are working. They are working in Scotland, and I was very proud to be there with the Aberdeen city deal. I make the point that, obviously, city deals between the Scottish Government, the UK Government and the city concerned can only work if we are all part of one happy United Kingdom.
Lucy Allan (Telford) (Con)
Respected journalist Laura Kuenssberg has been subjected to an online hate campaign, which appears to be a sexist witch hunt to silence her. Increasingly, this is a tool used against people in public life by those who take an opposing view. Will my right hon. Friend condemn this kind of harassment, and will he work with media and social media platforms to preserve the right to speak freely without intimidation or hate?
We must be able to speak freely and we must have a robust and lively democracy, but some of the things that people say on Twitter, knowing that they are in some way anonymous, are frankly appalling. People should be ashamed of the sort of sexist bullying that often takes place.
Ms Karen Buck (Westminster North) (Lab)
Q15. Last week, London elected a new Mayor with an overwhelming mandate to tackle London’s housing crisis. It is a crisis that many of us fear the Housing and Planning Bill will make worse. Last April, the Prime Minister launched his manifesto, promising to replace sold council houses with affordable homes in the same area. Why, then, will he oppose an amendment to the Housing and Planning Bill this afternoon that would effectively implement last year’s manifesto commitment? [904976]
Let me again congratulate Sadiq Khan on his victory and say how much we are looking forward to working with him on the issues that matter to Londoners, whether it is transport, housing or keeping London safe. I put the question back to the hon. Lady: our Housing and Planning Bill means that every high-value property sold will mean two new affordable homes in London, so why is it that the Labour party here and in the other place are opposing something that will mean more houses, more affordable housing and more home ownership? That is the truth. They talk a good game, but, in the end, they are the enemies of aspiration.
Jack Lopresti (Filton and Bradley Stoke) (Con)
During military operations in Afghanistan, British forces were heavily reliant on locally employed interpreters, who constantly put themselves in harm’s way alongside our people. I saw with my own eyes during Herrick 9 just how brave these interpreters were. Does the Prime Minister agree that it is a stain on our country’s honour that we have abandoned a large number of them to be threatened by the Taliban? Some have been murdered and others have had to flee their homes, in fear of their lives. We owe the interpreters a huge debt of gratitude and honour, and we must provide safety and sanctuary for them here.
We debated and discussed around the National Security Council table in the coalition Government and then announced in the House of Commons a scheme to make sure that those people who had helped our forces with translation and other services were given the opportunity of coming to the UK. We set up two schemes: one to encourage that, but also another scheme, a very generous scheme, to try to encourage those people who either wanted to stay or had not been translators for a long enough period to stay in Afghanistan and help to rebuild that country. I think it is important to have both schemes in place, rather than simply saying that everyone in any way involved can come immediately to the UK. Let us back Afghans to rebuild their own country.
Hywel Williams (Arfon) (PC)
The Prime Minister has confirmed to me that should we leave the EU, the European convergence funding for the very poorest parts of Wales would of course cease. Will he now confirm that in such a case the UK Government would make up the difference?
The point I would make to the hon. Gentleman, as I would to anyone asking a question about what happens were we to leave, is that I do not think you can give a guarantee. I am a profound believer in our United Kingdom. I want to go on making sure that poorer regions and parts of our country are properly supported. If, as I think is the case, we find that our economy would be hit by leaving and our tax receipts would be hit by leaving, that is obviously going to impact the amount of funding that we can put into agriculture, research or, indeed, poorer parts of our country. That is why I think the safe, sensible and right option is to vote to remain in a reformed European Union.
Philip Davies (Shipley) (Con)
May I support the Prime Minister on his comments about Nigeria and Afghanistan, and ask him to stop pouring hundreds of millions of pounds of taxpayers’ money into those and other corrupt countries until they have cleaned up their act? While he is at it, will he tell us where he has the European Union in his league table of corruption, given that it has not had its accounts signed off for 20 years?
I thank, as ever, my hon. Friend for his help and support, and for his tips on diplomacy as well, which are useful given the past 24 hours. I would say to him that the leaders of countries such as Nigeria and Afghanistan are battling hard against very corrupt systems and countries. In both their cases they have made some remarkable steps forward, and that is why I am so keen to welcome them to the anti-corruption conference in London.
Where I part company with my hon. Friend is that I do not think it would be right to withdraw the aid that we give because, frankly, problems in those countries come back and haunt us here, whether they are problems of migration or problems of terrorism and all the rest of it. We are a country involved in a dangerous global world, and I see our aid budget, at 0.7%, alongside our defence budget, at 2% of our GDP, as ways of keeping us safe and prosperous in a dangerous world, as well as ways of fulfilling our important moral responsibilities.
Several hon. Members rose—
Order. I am afraid the amount of noise regularly in the Chamber makes it necessary to outdo Barclays premier league matches in the provision of injury time. It is a pleasure to call Gill Furniss.
Gill Furniss (Sheffield, Brightside and Hillsborough) (Lab)
Twenty seven years ago in my constituency, we saw the country’s biggest sporting disaster. It is clear that we will not have the full truth about Hillsborough until we have the full truth about Orgreave and the policing of the miners’ strike. Will the Prime Minister accept the call by the Orgreave Truth and Justice Campaign and initiate an inquiry?
My right hon. Friend the Home Secretary has met that group, is considering the points they have put forward and will come to her conclusions at the right time.
Steve Double (St Austell and Newquay) (Con)
Business leaders in Cornwall, and indeed up and down the country, are awaiting news of progress on the decision about airport expansion in the south-east. Following this morning’s announcement by Heathrow airport that it now accepts all the Airport Commission’s recommendations, will the Prime Minister update the House on when we can expect a decision? Does he agree with me that a third runway at Heathrow offers the best opportunity for growth, jobs and the future prosperity of our country?
May I first—one of my many unforced errors in the past 24 hours—apologise to the hon. Member for Sheffield, Brightside and Hillsborough (Gill Furniss)? I should of course have welcomed her to the House of Commons and congratulated her on her by-election victory. She has lost no time in speaking up for her constituents in a very powerful and very accomplished way.
Let me say to my hon. Friend the Member for St Austell and Newquay (Steve Double) that, as we announced earlier this year, there are air quality issues that need to be resolved. We are on our way to working out how to resolve them, and when we do, we can come back to the House and announce what will happen next.
Louise Haigh (Sheffield, Heeley) (Lab)
My constituent’s mother was killed in 1981. At the time, it was covered up as a suicide pact, but 18 years later it was uncovered that she had actually been murdered by my constituent’s father and his mistress. I do not think that anyone in this House will be able to imagine the pain and suffering that she and her family have had to endure. They are now having to relive that pain, because ITV is dramatising their whole ordeal, completely against her wishes, using not only the real names of her family but her own real name. I have raised this with ITV and with Ofcom, and, as far as I can see, no rules have been broken, but does the Prime Minister agree that victims’ voices should have a far greater role in any account of their tragedy? Will he meet me and my constituent to discuss what more could have been done in this case and how we can strengthen regulation in future to protect victims?
I was not aware of the case that the hon. Lady rightly raises. I remember from my time working in the television industry that there are occasions when decisions are made that can cause a huge amount of hurt and upset to families. I will discuss this case with the Culture Secretary to bring it to his attention and see whether there is anything more—apart from the conversations that she has had with ITV and with Ofcom, which is a powerful regulator—that can be done.
Mrs Anne Main (St Albans) (Con)
Yesterday Lord Prior spoke up for vaping as a way of getting off cigarettes; so has the Royal College of Physicians. Why are we bringing in the Brussels diktat that says that we must include vaping in the tobacco directive?
I am happy to look at this issue closely. It is necessary to differentiate between smoking and vaping, because they have very different health effects. I actually think that that is what is being achieved, but I will look into this carefully and will write to my hon. Friend.
Lastly, Mr Tim Farron. [Interruption.] Order. However irritating the hon. Gentleman may be to Government Back Benchers, he has a right to be heard and he will be heard.
Tim Farron (Westmorland and Lonsdale) (LD)
I am fantastically grateful to you, Mr Speaker. I heard the Prime Minister on two occasions this afternoon congratulate the new Mayor of London, Sadiq Khan, and I would like to repeat those congratulations myself. The Prime Minister did not, however, apologise for the disgraceful racist campaign the Conservative party chose to run in that election. Will he take the opportunity to apologise for deliberately dividing communities in order to win cheap votes?
It is a great way to end the Session—getting a lesson in clean campaigning from the Liberal Democrats.
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Home/HIV Aids/Michael Johnson, Jailed for HIV Nondisclosure, Now Free: Here’s Everything You Need to Know
Michael Johnson, Jailed for HIV Nondisclosure, Now Free: Here’s Everything You Need to Know
After serving nearly five years of a 30-year prison sentence, Michael Johnson, aka “Tiger Mandingo,” has now been released from Boonville Correctional Center in Missouri. His conviction was overturned in 2016, but Johnson agreed to a plea deal instead of another trial. Originally charged with “recklessly” transmitting HIV in 2013, his case made headlines as HIV advocacy groups called out the early biases and unfair treatment of the case, in which intersections of race and prejudiced concepts of criminality played a major role from the very beginning.
HIV Criminalization Laws
During the height of the HIV epidemic, most states enacted criminalization laws out of public fear. These laws established criminal “penalties for failing to disclose infection, for exposing others to the disease, and for transmitting the disease intentionally or unintentionally. In many cases, these laws apply regardless of protective measures the HIV-positive person may take,” according to the American Academy of HIV Medicine.
As of 2018, 26 states have laws penalizing persons living with HIV, despite the advancements in medicine, treatment, and prevention following the height of the epidemic nearly 25 years ago. These laws can carry charges as small as reckless endangerment and as serious as the maximum of attempted murder, with severe jail time.
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) breaks these laws down into five categories across the country:
HIV-specific criminal laws criminalize behaviors that can potentially expose another to HIV.
STD/communicable/infectious disease criminal laws criminalize behaviors that can potentially expose another to STD/communicable/infectious diseases. This might include HIV.
Sentence enhancement specific to HIV are laws that do not criminalize a behavior but increase the sentence length when a person commits certain crimes while infected with HIV.
Sentence enhancement specific to STD are laws that do not criminalize a behavior but increase the sentence length when a person commits certain crimes while infected with an STD. This might include HIV.
No HIV criminalization laws.
2013: Michael Johnson Is Arrested
According to BuzzFeed, In 2013, a white male college student found Johnson’s profile on a popular gay dating app under the username “Tiger Mandingo.” Both he and Johnson were attending Lindenwood University, where Johnson had recently transferred in and played on the wrestling team.
A month after this initial connection on the app, they hooked up, and the student performed oral sex on Johnson, after Johnson told him he was “clean” — a term often used to designate that one is not HIV positive or living with any other sexually transmitted infections. Later that year in October, the two hooked up again, having unprotected anal sex. After their second hook-up a few days later on October 10, Johnson contacted him, letting him know, “I found out I have a disease.”
On that same day, the St. Charles Police Department pulled Michael Johnson out of class and arrested him. The initial charges were one count of recklessly infecting another with HIV and four counts of attempting to recklessly infect another with HIV — all felony counts in the state of Missouri.
From the beginning of the case, HIV advocates and activists took issue with the application of archaic HIV criminalization laws being used in what quickly seemed to be a racially motivated prosecution involving a white accuser of young black man. The accuser was tested for HIV, which came back negative, but he still publicly stated about Johnson, “He infected someone with HIV. Without medication, that person could get AIDS, so he’s slowly killing someone. It’s a form of murder, in a sense. I hate to say it, since he’s a nice guy.”
2015: The Trial and Conviction
Steven Thrasher, who has covered Johnson’s case for BuzzFeed, reported that of 51 potential jurors, only one “appeared to be nonwhite.” Half said they believed being gay was a choice. Two-thirds intimated that they believed being gay was a sin. All the jurors identified as straight and HIV negative. All the jurors said they believed HIV-positive people who do not inform their partners of their status should be prosecuted.
From the beginning of the case, it was clear that homosexuality and black race were being put on trial. Six white accusers each testified that Johnson told them he was “clean” prior to engaging in unprotected sexual acts with them — despite numerous contradictions from statements some of these same men had made in police reports previously.
His main accuser, Dylan King-Lemons, claimed that Johnson had actually transmitted the virus to him — despite, when initially testing positive, telling the doctor that it needed to be narrowed down between two sexual partners. Although King-Lemons tested positive, no genetic fingerprinting was ever done to confirm whether Johnson did in fact transmit the same strain of the virus to him. Circumstantial evidence was used instead, linking the fact that both had gonorrhea to a conclusion that therefore Johnson is where King-Lemons’ infection came from.
Another accuser, Andrew Tryon, was filmed having sex with Johnson consensually. The film showcased Johnson “topping” Tryon and then ejaculating on his back. Other evidence presented by prosecutor Philip Groenweghe showed Johnson using his fingers to feed Tryon what the prosecutor called “HIV-infected semen.” Despite Tryon’s statements on the stand, the video shown didn’t match any of his prior statements about his sexual encounters with Johnson as told to the police — more contradictions.
In the end, Johnson was convicted on all five counts, with a cumulative sentence of 60 years — which at sentencing was cut in half to 30 years.
December 2016: Court of Appeals Reverses Guilty Verdict
According to Mic, “a Missouri appeals court found ‘fundamental unfairness’ in Johnson’s original trial, as prosecutors withheld evidence — tapes of phone calls Johnson made from prison — from the judge until the morning of the trial. By withholding evidence, the prosecution ‘prevented Johnson from preparing a meaningful defense.'”
This decision immediately prompted the prosecutor’s office to seek a reversal of the reversal from the higher courts. In April 2017, the Missouri Supreme Court upheld the decision from the lower court to throw out the conviction of Johnson. Following this decision, prosecutors promised they would retry the case.
Instead of retrying the case, Johnson agreed to a plea of “no contest” and accepted a 10-year plea deal. Johnson had already served four years in jail and prison, and his attorney advised that based on good behavior and no prior convictions, seeing that he was eligible for parole, he could be out in six to 18 months.
Johnson left the courtroom with a message to his friends and supporters: “I just want to say thank you all, I appreciate your being here, and I love you.”
2019: Release
Thrasher was present when Johnson was released after serving more than five years. Johnson was all smiles, stating, “I feel great,” as he walked away from the correctional facility.
One of the prosecutors for the case has since had a change of stance on Missouri’s HIV criminalization laws and is now lobbying for a change through House Bill 167. In support of the bill, prosecutor Timothy Lohmar testified that he “had a case a few years ago that got a lot of national attention, and it wasn’t in a good way,” which he found “embarrassing.” He said, “I was hamstrung in a sense because I was forced to operate under the current laws that we now have. Which I would agree are antiquated, outdated, and based upon something that science would prove is not accurate.” Although the bill did not pass, its sponsors will attempt to pass it again during the next legislative session.
Thrasher informed Johnson of the prosecutor’s new stance, to which he stated, “Maybe my trial did happen in some way to motivate some change.”
In 2016, the CDC released data stating that one in two black men who have sex with men will contract HIV in their lifetime. Despite HIV still being at epidemic levels in various communities, treatment advancements have allowed for people living with HIV to get to an undetectable status, meaning the virus can no longer be transmitted sexually.
HIV criminalization laws continue to be detrimental to progress needed to stop the epidemic, often making people fearful to get tested and shaming those who are positive from feeling safe about disclosure.
Twenty-six states still currently have laws criminalizing HIV.
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Rameshwar Bhagat
Filmfare Award-winning editor Rameshwar Bhagat has assembled some very popular Bollywood movies over the past decade or so, among which are the blockbuster Salman Khan starrers Ek Tha Tiger (2012), Bajrangi Bhaijaan (2015) and Sultan (2016). He debuted in Hindi cinema with the action thriller Dhoom (2004), for which he won the Filmfare and Screen Weekly Awards for Best Editing that year.
Bhagat has since helmed the editorial department in around forty movies, notable among which are Dhoom 2 (2006), the Tamil drama thriller Unnaipol Oruvan (2009), the Akshay Kumar starrer Housefull (2010), its sequel Housefull 2 (2012) and the Marathi comedy-drama Ventilator (2016). Significant film credits in recent times include the action thriller Tiger Zinda Hai (2017), the historical drama Manikarnika: The Queen of Jhansi (2019), the Tamil mystery thriller Kolaiyuthir Kaalam (2019) starring Nayanthara and the period drama Bharat (2019) starring Salman Khan and Katrina Kaif.
Manikarnika: The Queen of Jhansi
Parmanu: The Story of Pokhran
Peers & More
Shan Mohammed
Shree Narayan Singh
Antara Lahiri
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Fake News: People Who Are Always Tardy Live A Longer And More Successful Life, Science Does NOT Say
(Sat, 04 May 2019 23:53:29 Z)
Do scientific studies say that people who are always tardy live a longer and more successful life? No, that's not true: This is a mythical conclusion by a writer who stitched together a few quotes from a managment consultant and a psychologist about the characteristics of chronically late people with a Harvard study about the health benefits of optimism. Science did not say it and the content of the story does not support the remarkable claim in the headline.
A multitude of copy-cat articles followed the same storyline, many of them cut and paste jobs, including an article published by the Power of Silence website published on May 4, 2019 titled "People Who Are Always Tardy Live A Longer And More Successful Life, Science Says" (archived here) which opened:
You have someone in your mind, don't you? Perhaps it's your best friend that simply can't appear anywhere on time. Perhaps it's your co-worker that is always late for meetings at work. Or perhaps it's you. Nevertheless, as annoying, unprofessional, and rude unpunctuality may be, we have some pretty good news for you, your friend, your co-worker, your partner, or whoever you thought of. Studies show that the characteristics that cause people to be late are actually the same characteristics that can help them be more successful and live longer. People that are chronically late tend to feel less stressed
Users on social media only saw this title, description and thumbnail:
People Who Are Always Tardy Live A Longer And More Successful Life, Science Says
The only "science" quoted in any of the articles is a Harvard University report found here.
According to a series of studies from the U.S. and Europe, the answer is yes. Optimism helps people cope with disease and recover from surgery. Even more impressive is the impact of a positive outlook on overall health and longevity. Research tells us that an optimistic outlook early in life can predict better health and a lower rate of death during follow-up periods of 15 to 40 years.
So it's great to be optimistic, but how does that explain how people who are always tardy will be more successful and have longer lives than people who generally show up on time for work, doctor appointments, school, court dates, and dinner? That's where a creative writer in a Southern Living version of this false reporting takes the opinion of a management consultant who believes that tardy people are also optimistic people.
As Diana DeLonzor wrote in her book, Never Late Again, many late people tend to be both optimistic and unrealistic. That means they truly, deeply believe that they can, say, go for a run, take a shower, stop at the Piggly Wiggly to buy groceries for dinner, pick up the dry cleaning, and still make it on time to pick up the kids from school all in one hour. That is a clearly optimistic schedule, yet many chronically late people truly believe it's possible, even when proven time and again that it's not. That level of optimism reaches far beyond an over-planned schedule, though.
The writer concludes if you are always late, you must be an optimist and if you are an optimist, then you will certainly live longer (based on the Harvard report) than those poor souls who show up on time. Lead Stories is not buying this logic.
What about being always tardy makes you more successful? These stories attribute that conclusion to a psychologist who studied the characteristics of people who are chronically late for things.
People who are perennially late tend to be perfectionists. Dr. Linda Sapadin, a fellow of the American Psychological Association, explains that many late people make sure everything, both at home and at work, including their appearance, is perfect.
Well, while this may be a pretty annoying characteristic in a friend it's certainly desirable trait in an employee and can bring about a more successful professional life.
It was the writer, not the pyschologist, who opined that being a perfectionist outweighs always being late in the eyes of a boss or professional colleagues. Also, the perfectionist is just one of the four types of tardy people identified by Dr. Sapadin. The others are the crisis maker, the defier, and the dreamer, she wrote, and there is no study that concludes they are more successful than the person who shows up on time.
Lead Stories concludes that these articles claiming that its ok to be keep others waiting for you because it means you will someday be more successful and live long is fake news.
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Celebrate DC's First Same Sex Weddings!
Today was the day that the first same-sex couples were married in DC and brought to you by the Human Rights Campaign is the video. If it's a little long for your tastes, feel free to skim through.
And I know I am probably going to offend some folks by saying this but I don't care . . . I get a kick out of the fact that the couples are African-American.
It's so rare that lgbts of color see positive images of ourselves, especially in the fight for marriage equality, that the fact that these are black couples is as welcomed as ice cream on a slice a pie to me.
Janet Porter demands that God gives the religious right control of the media
Historically, people have prayed to God for peace, love, and guidance. But the prayer issued last week by religious right mainstay Janet Porter enters a new territory which can only be described as coming from the mind of the late Rod Serling while writing an episode of The Twilight Zone.
Porter, who has done many bizarre things such as claiming that anyone voting for Obama is going to hell and writing a fictional account of Christians forced into "re-education camps" had Hilary Clinton won the 2008 presidential election, actually prayed for the "Christian takeover" of the media. Apparently amongst other things, she wants "more influence than Oprah Winfrey, " and desires "to make CBS 'the "Christian Broadcasting System.'"
I would be remiss if I didn't point out that Porter gave this prayer in front of a huge multitude during one of those dreary we have to save American values from the forces of secular evil conferences which religious right organizations seem to hold more often than World Wrestling Entertainment hosts wrestling pay-per-views.
This one was called "Convergence 2010: A Cry to Awaken A Nation," and it was attended by such luminaries as Rev. Harry Jackson who was called a "modern day Martin Luther King, Jr" because of his failed attempt to keep marriage equality from coming to D.C. and Cindy Jacobs who took it upon herself to "cast out demons" during her speech.
But despite all of this, its Porter's prayer which stands out because it was just so surreal. And it begs the question that if Porter and her allies are successful in "saving America" then who is going to save America from them?
This just goes BEYOND any criticism I can give against Porter and the groups whom she aligns herself with. This is more than insane. It's scary. Whatever Jesus would do, I feel safe to say that He wouldn't support such madness.
While gays suffer in Uganda, the Pope stays silent on homophobic bill
Time magazine has published an excellent piece on the persecution gay Ugandans face even if that awful "Kill The Gays" bill isn't passed by focusing on one lesbian couple:
Pepe Julian Onziema looks great in a suit. Tall and lanky, she doesn't slouch to hide her height and doesn't apologize for her boyish figure. Or for anything else. She's got at least 10 suits: pinstripes, white linen, black, gray, navy and others. She buys them from a guy who runs a shop on Entebbe Road, a major Kampala thoroughfare. He knows her build, and he knows what she likes.
These days, though, Onziema doesn't wear suits nearly as often as she used to. As one of a dozen or so publicly out Ugandan homosexuals, Onziema knows that even a trip to a local shop is risky. Wearing a suit can be a death wish.
. . . Onziema and her partner met playing rugby at a local Kampala club a couple of years ago. Onziema knew "within five seconds" that she had met the one, she says. It took her partner a bit longer. Onziema has known her whole life that she's gay, but her partner is not out publicly, and the process of coming to terms with who she is took a little longer.
After they'd been friends for a few months, Onziema made her move. "There was a kiss," she grins. "She wasn't expecting it."
It's an excellent article on how the purity of love endures even in hostile settings. And it's a reminder for us lgbts in America, as we strive for equality, to not take the freedoms we do have for granted.
Meanwhile, it has been reported that Pope Benedict XVI met with the Roman Catholic hierarchy of Uganda at the Vatican last Friday and delivered a speech but said nothing about the anti-gay bill.
Supposedly there are several reasons why the Pope made no mention of the bill:
There are several reasons why Benedict may not have mentioned the anti-gay bill -- or rather the broader issue of human rights and protections for homosexuals and love of the sinner, since for diplomatic reasons the pope would not target a specific piece of legislation. One is that he may not be aware of the legislation or the controversy. Another is that his aides know that if he raised the issue it would become the lead of every story. There is also concern that having religious leaders outside Uganda speak out against the popular bill would backfire and ensure its passage.
Moreover, the bishops themselves may have asked the Vatican to refrain from addressing the issue (though that has not always stopped the pope from speaking his mind) since they are in the tricky position of trying to maintain the church's position in Uganda in the face of serious challenges from conservative evangelicals and Pentecostals, as well as Muslims, who are far more severe in their approach to homosexuals than the Catholic Church is.
Of course maybe he felt it was a little too close to home. After all, the creators and supporters of the bill falsely claimed that the bill was in response to gays targeting children.
And we all know the real situation regarding molestation in the Catholic church.
Whatever the case may be, the Pope's silence on this potential genocide of gays and lesbians in Uganda reveals a serious lack of courage in a someone who is supposed to be possibly the top religious leader in the world.
There is only one word for it - sad.
Janet Porter demands that God gives the religious ...
While gays suffer in Uganda, the Pope stays silent...
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MSNBC won't run ad against hate group leader Tony Perkins
For the longest time, many of us have been raising hell over the fact that MSNBC hosts hate group leader Tony Perkins (the Family Research Council) as authoritative voice without asking him about his organization's history of lying in order to demonize the lgbtq community.
Well now Faithful America has come out with an awesome ad which best speaks to the point. Only MSNBC rejected this ad. Therefore, I guess it's up to us to spread its message:
My guess is that Perkins will whine about how supposedly the left is trying to silence him and other people of faith. In actuality, I don't want him silenced. I want there to be a conversation about the entire issue.
And the first place we should start is with the charges in the ad.
PLEASE spread it around. Let's make this thing very viral!
Related post - 16 reasons why the Family Research Council is a hate group
'Fox News personality slurs Obama's transgender former nanny' and other Wednesday midday news briefs
One of the main reasons why some facets of the American news media are abominable is because they have no standards regarding their personalities. When you hear some of these folks, you wonder just how they got in the door of a major new service, even if its Fox News.
Perfect case in point - Fox News personality Andrea Tantaros. Listen how she reduces the plight of President Obama's transgender former nanny (she is an outcast in her own country) into an attack on the president, making sure to slur the poor woman for good measure:
North Carolina Baptists Gather to Defeat Amendment One - The lesson here? Not all members of churches support those anti-marriage equality amendments.
WV 'family' guy: Gay kids attempt suicide because of 'homosexual agenda' - Heaven forbid that this guy would take responsibility for the drivel coming out his own mouth.
Horrifying Wave of Brutal Anti-Gay Murders in Iraq - We need to pray for our brothers and sisters trapped in repressive countries.
LaBarbera Says it is 'Tragic' that Paul Babeu is Gay, Accuses Gays of 'Political Terrorism' - You gotta love "Porno" Pete LaBarbera.
Michele Bachmann has memory loss about her homophobia
Piers Morgan seems to be making a name for himself by exposing the homophobic nature of famous people.
Fresh from the Kirk Cameron controversy, he begins a new one with former presidential candidate Michele Bachmann:
MORGAN: Yes. But you see, I was also taught to respect and be tolerant towards people who didn’t agree with those beliefs. And I think that America, with this movement on gay marriage and so on, just has to come a time when people who have strong religious beliefs, like you, like Kirk Cameron, actually show people like the gay community tolerance and a bit of slack, and say, I don’t agree with it, but nor am I going to demonize you. That’s all I’m getting at.
BACHMANN: I would like to see the lack of demonization for those of us who stand on sincerely held religious beliefs. It’s overtime. That’s where you see the demonization of people who stand on their beliefs.
MORGAN: So respect on both sides is what we need to get to?
BACHMANN: Of course.
Bachmann, like Cameron before her, is obviously playing the victim. I really wish Morgan had asked her about the following comments she made in 2004:
And again, don't misunderstand. I am not here bashing people who are homosexuals, who are lesbians, who are bisexual, who are transgendered. We need to have profound compassion for the people who are dealing with the very real issue of sexual dysfunction in their life, and sexual identity disorders. This is a very real issue. It's not funny, it's sad.
Any of you who have members of your family that are in the lifestyle—we have a member of our family that is. This is not funny. It's a very sad life. It's part of Satan, I think, to say this is gay. It's anything but gay. "
It's profoundly sad to recognize that almost all, if not all, individuals who have gone into the lifestyle have been abused at one time in their life, either by a male or by a female. There's been profound hurt and profound things that have happened in almost all of their lives.
This new legal enforcement of a new status—homosexuality, lesbianism, bringing it into the mainstream, if you will, giving it a legitimacy if you will, that will impact not only the gay community, but every man, woman and child, particularly the schools.
It's like a friend of mine said. You have every right to say what you want, but if you publicly call out a group of people as "disordered" or "sinful," you simply cannot expect those people to be silent and allow you to do it.
Sooner or later, people like Bachmann (and Cameron) are going to have to understand that they can't hide their ugliness behind their so-called religious beliefs.
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ICO executes search warrant at home of suspected ‘imposter’ who wanted exam results altered
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The Information Commissioner’s Office has executed a search warrant as part of an investigation into a person suspected of posing as an ICO officer to commit criminal offences.
A house in Ilford, East London, was searched in relation to an individual suspected of attempting to illegally obtain personal data from two professional standards organisations, by falsely claiming to be from the ICO.
The person is believed to have used various aliases, a fake email account, a non-existent job title and a counterfeit document to contact the organisations while posing as an ICO officer.
In a series of emails and phone calls, it is suspected they claimed that their own exam results and disciplinary records were inaccurate and demanded they be ‘corrected’ or deleted, under the accuracy provisions of the Data Protection Act 1998.
Officers from the ICO’s Criminal Enforcement team seized mobile phones and computer equipment from the address for further analysis. Officers from the Metropolitan Police were also in attendance to offer support.
The investigation continues and organisations are advised that if they have any doubts about the identity of someone claiming to be from the ICO, they can contact the regulator directly for verification.
ICO Criminal Enforcement Manager Mike Shaw said:
“We will be carrying out a detailed analysis of the equipment we seized, in order to ascertain whether they contain any further evidence of criminal activity.
“This is an unusual but serious case and we would like remind organisations that they can always verify an ICO officer’s identity by contacting us directly.”
The Information Commissioner’s Office upholds information rights in the public interest, promoting openness by public bodies and data privacy for individuals.
The ICO has specific responsibilities set out in the Data Protection Act 1998, the Freedom of Information Act 2000, Environmental Information Regulations 2004 and Privacy and Electronic Communications Regulations 2003.
The General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) is a new law that will replace the Data Protection Act 1998 and will apply in the UK from 25 May 2018. The government has confirmed that the UK’s decision to leave the EU will not affect the commencement of the GDPR.
The ICO can take action to change the behaviour of organisations and individuals that collect, use and keep personal information. This includes criminal prosecution, non-criminal enforcement and audit. The ICO has the power to impose a civil monetary penalty on a data controller of up to £500,000. Criminal prosecutions under s55 of the Data Protection Act can attract an unlimited fine.
Anyone who processes personal information must comply with eight principles of the Data Protection Act, which make sure that personal information is:
fairly and lawfully processed;
processed for limited purposes;
adequate, relevant and not excessive;
accurate and up to date;
not kept for longer than is necessary;
processed in line with your rights;
secure; and
not transferred to other countries without adequate protection.
Any monetary penalty is paid into the Treasury’s Consolidated Fund and is not kept by the Information Commissioner’s Office (ICO).
To report a concern to the ICO telephone our helpline 0303 123 1113 or go to ico.org.uk/concerns.
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Legislating Gun Violence Won’t End Gun Violence
June 10, 2019 March 20, 2018 by J. Alan Doak
On February 14, 2018, a lone gunman entered Stoneman Douglas High School in Parkland, FL and killed 17 students. Despite the mistakes by local police and the FBI prior to that day, it is gun control that has been on everyone’s mind. Why is there so little blame being placed on the gunman? Do you remember his name?
Disconnect Between the Person and the Weapon
I find it interesting, and sad, that people seem to have forgotten the name of the man who killed 17 students. While I’m certainly not into memorializing people for these types of actions, I do think it’s a little too soon to have forgotten. I admit, I had to look it up, but we’ve been so focused on guns, forgetting wasn’t tough to do. Unfortunately, we’ve been so focused on guns, I can’t help wonder, why is that man in jail if the gun is at fault?
People who are overly interested in gun control seem to have this disconnect between the person and the tool used. Taking away the tool isn’t, or wasn’t, going to change that man’s mind. He was most likely in a state that he was looking for the most efficient way, but if he didn’t have the tool, he could easily have killed just as many or more by building a homemade bomb, or driving his vehicle through the parking as classes are letting out.
The “Assault Rifle” Phobia
The word phobia gets tossed around a lot, but I think that it’s actually fitting in this case. It seems that the “assault rifle” is kind of like a boogeyman. It’s scary, but the truth is much less frightening than reality.
It turns out that big, scary military rifles don’t kill the vast majority of the 11,000 Americans murdered with guns each year. Little handguns do1.
There are millions of these things in the hands of private law-abiding citizens, yet it’s only used a fraction of what they could be. Even when they are, the numbers aren’t as scary as other types of murder weapons: handguns, knives, blunt objects such as hammers, or even personal objects such as fists and feet2!
I liken the anti-assault rifle movement to someone afraid to fly in an airplane because the number of people that die all at once is traumatic; and it is! But it doesn’t change the fact that airplanes are safe. While guns may not be safe, the reaction is ironically very similar: irrational.
Violence Will Exist Regardless of Weapon Legislation
People don’t take into account the way that human beings are wired: we’re evil! Obviously, there are varying degrees of how our evil plays out in society, but we’re all evil to a certain extent.
And Jesus said to him, “Why do you call me good? No one is good except God alone (Luke 18:19 ESV).
I understand that the non-Christian would have trouble following this line of thinking, but this is grade school catechism for most Christians. Simply reading through your Bible front to back once in your life should be enough to gain this perspective, but even Christians seem more willing to blame guns than individuals.
So, it’s time to treat this with a little common sense, particularly from those who call themselves Christians. We need to see gun violence for what it is: another symptom of a fallen world that won’t be fixed by taking away a tool. Legislating gun control isn’t going to make gun violence go away. Evil will still exist in the world, just as it has since Cain killed Abel. We’ve been legislating violence in various forms for ages, and it’s failed miserably.
That doesn’t mean there shouldn’t be punishment for individuals that commit such acts, but we should be focused on the individual and not the tool. The fact of the matter is, we already have laws against killing other human beings, and it doesn’t stop people. Gun control won’t stop people. Our best course of action is to bring God back into the discussion, as well as the dignity of human beings.
Apparently, the man who killed 17 people in Parkland, FL had no friends. No one talked to him. I wonder, were there no Christians in his life?
Cross-posted on Medium
Cover Photo Credit: Unknown at Pixabay
"Enfield shooting: Student shot and stabbed to death as London sees five murders in five days." Evening Standard. Web: 19 Mar 2018. Accessed: 19 Mar 2018.
"Mass Killing In South Carolina Goes Unreported By National Media." Bearing Arms. Web: 15 Mar 2018. Accessed: 15 Mar 2018.
Gun Control Has Failed, Again
Left Pushes Anti-Human Policies; Surprised When Gunman Shoots Up School
22-Year-Old Stops Tennessee Church Shooter | The Daily Caller
Banning Foreigners Versus Banning Assault Weapons
1 Beckett, Lois. "The Assault Weapon Myth". The New York Times. Web. 12 Sep 2014. Accessed: 19 Mar 2018.
2 "2016 Crime in the United States". FBI: Uniform Crime Reporting. Web. Accessed: 19 mar 2018.
Categories Politics Tags gun control Post navigation
This Guy Ate Gas Station Food For 30 Days | GasBuddy
Why do conservatives assume that black people’s views on society are a result of brainwashing?
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Posts Tagged With: numerology
Revelation 13: Secret Messages
At church each week I sit a row or two in front of a former POW from the Vietnamese War. Ken is an immensely interesting man, both distinguished and completely humble at the same time. I have heard him tell his stories several times of being detained in the Hanoi Hilton and every time the crowd — whether they were age 8 or 80 — was mesmerized. Especially intriguing was his account of writing letters home to his wife. However, these letters were filled with intelligence details written in seemingly innocuous code he had been taught in training for the war. The Viet Cong would read his mail and pass it along as nothing more than a letter to a wife about remembrances from life at home or purely imaginative scenarios. Hidden in there were details about how many detainees were there, their conditions, morale, and the sort.
Revelation 13 was the first chapter I ever read in Revelation. I was 14 and I had heard of this chapter about weird monsters and the number 666. Sounded like the kind of chapter a kid who listen to Iron Maiden and Black Sabbath and who read Stephen King needed to read. So I did. And understood nothing that I read.
You may feel the same way today after reading this chapter. Weird. Puzzling.
I think it is best to think of this chapter like a letter to a detainee’s loved ones that might seem odd but innocuous to the outsider but had much meaning to those familiar with Jewish apocalyptic imagery and rhetorical devices. How do you talk about the enemy when they read your mail? Like this.
As chapter 12 ended we left the seven-headed red dragon Satan as he flooded the earth with waters of evil in an unsuccessful effort to drown the woman who gave birth to Jesus. Today, out of that sea (a universal symbol in the ancient world of evil) comes a horrific beast. With seven heads and the watery connection, we know this beast is a servant of Satan. In the last half of the chapter, another beast arises from the earth who serves and glorifies the first beast. On what is surely a take-off on the sealing of the righteous in chapter 7, this second beast marks on the right hand and forehead all of those in the area who wish to do business. Finally, John says that this beast is a symbol for a human and using apocalyptic numerology (gematria) one can determine who this is from his secret number 666.
Yeah, clear as day, right? Much ink has been spilled on this confusing chapter, and I don’t wish to add to it other than to give an interpretation that I think makes sense (the Internet is filled with scores of other interpretations). After pulling back the curtain of reality in chapter 12 to show us that Satan is really behind the suffering of the Seven Churches of Asia Minor, John lets the curtain back into place so all we see again are the human agents of Satan’s work of deceit and destruction. There is a horrible beast of a power that will make the life of the Christians of Asia Minor difficult. That beast will come by sea. This is most likely the Roman government as a whole, with seven heads for the seven emperors there had been before this time, the mortally wounded one being the worst of all thus far, Nero. Then, as the second beast is especially religious (13:15) the beast from the land is likely the government officials and religious personnel from Asia Minor who were especially loyal to Rome and would have put the greatest direct pressure on the recipients of this letter. We know that greatest ostracizing and disenfranchising tool that natives would have had was the ability to turn people against a Christian’s business. If you want money bearing the “mark of the beast” (the picture of the Caesar) you will have to play by our rules and leave your superstitions behind. These Christians knew well the power of this beast. The symbolic number 666 has been interpreted many ways, but the best seems to be that this is a reference to Nero, based on a popular belief that Nero was so evil he was going to come back to life again (the Nero redivivus myth). In a sense, Domitian, who brought intense persecution to the Christians of Asia Minor shortly after Revelation was written (if a date in the 80s AD is correct), became that “second Nero.” Domitian picked up where Nero left off.
In an effort to universalize this maybe we could say that the beast from the sea is any force that uses sheer power to work against God’s kingdom. The beast from the land is the force that adds religion by coercion and intimidation into the mix. That happened in the first-century Roman Empire, the tenth-century Roman Catholic Church, the twelfth-century Islamic Middle East, the early-twentieth century Nazi Germany, the mid-twentieth century Iron Curtain Communists, the twenty-first century terrorist camps in Afghanistan, and now the center of Africa as tribe battles tribe and ethnic group kills off ethnic group. Brute Power and Religion used to support Brute Power has had many faces throughout history.
I believe these are the two verses that would have spoken loudest to the first faithful Christians reading this chapter:
So everyone on earth worshiped it — everyone, that is, whose name has not been written from the foundation of the world in the book of life belonging to the lamb who was slaughtered. (13:8)
When one sees the immense power of these beasts, it is hard to imagine that anyone could resist doing what they want. And in the ancient Roman society, most did follow the norm. But these Christians can take heart that they have an allegiance to one who is even more powerful. They can be those who will not bow a knee.
But, the Christians of Asia Minor are mentioned in this passage in another place, too:
It [the beast of the earth] was granted the right to make war against God’s holy people and to defeat them. (13:7)
That too is this group of faithful Christians.
And now we are back to what has become one of the paradoxical main themes of this book: There is a great rescue coming. Hold on. You will be taken safely through it if you do not give up the faith. But that rescue is not physical. You will have to lay this life down and go through the second death in order to live forever with the Lamb.
What do you think of this mysterious chapter?
Categories: Revelation | Tags: 666, apocalyptic, beasts, Bible, Domitian, endurance, faithful, mark of the beast, monsters, Nero, number of the beast, numerology, persecution, POW, power, reading, religion, revelation, Rome, Satan, sea, secret, secret messages, Seven Churches of Asia, Vietnam | Leave a comment
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A Wake-up Call To Those Who Want To Make a Difference: TEDxKeioSFC and H-LAB
Posted on 2012/12/26 2014/10/01 by kiyoshi kurokawa
→Japanese
I was up early on the 22nd of December; I was on my way to the Shonan Fujisawa Campus (SFC) of Keio University to participate in the TEDxKeioSFC.
This is an event that has its origins in the course 'Global Science and Innovation', a course that I taught in the academic years 2010 and 2011 during the fall term. Through conversations with the students where I heard their requests, it so happened that I invited Todd Porter, who was involved when we launched the TEDxTokyo event, as a guest to one of my lectures.
There was no looking back since that class. Backed by my TA, Mr Nojima and the Dean, Mr. Murai, the students teamed up and poured in their efforts to make the TEDx event a possibility.
On a cold, rainy, winter day, Theta (θ) Auditorium of the SFC campus far from the Tokyo city center, was packed with 500+ students and guests. The theme this time round the team of students picked was 'Think Like a Child'. Everybody was tensed up, but still managed to produce sterling performances. The passion of the speakers was infectious, and soon the air was charged with the shared excitement. I was also happy to meet Atsuyoshi Saisho after a year and half. He bowled the audience over with his superb presentation about his work which takes him to places like Bangladesh and Palestine.
I really feel that the students gathered in SFC were excellent. Those who were in charge of the whole event must have felt very tired, and this sentiment was echoed in the email that I received later.
It must have been an unforgettable experience for them; this working together in a team to achieve a goal within a limited amount of time. This hands-on experience is something that will stand them in good stead in the years to come, and will also boost their self-confidence, enabling them to become game-changers in the years to come. Well done, everybody. As for me, I had to leave for Tokyo right after my talk in the last session. Sorry guys!
I had a good reason, though. I was going to attend an end-of-the-year party organized by some highly motivated undergraduates. They were part of a group that I had lent my support to 2 years ago, and already this group was producing astounding and unexpected results. This group is known as H-LAB (1, 2), or Harvard College Liberal Arts Without Borders.
As a result of these activities and perhaps because of the networks it created, many young participants (high school students) went on to enter prestigious institutes of higher learning like Harvard, Yale, Ivy League and other colleges. It is very heartening to hear that more and more young people in junior high and high schools opting to study abroad in and around UK and the USA.
Yes, its good to know that young people are not being bound by adults who say that they are increasingly reticent. They are taking advantage of new opportunities. And yes, this is the point (1) that I am always trying to get across (1) … Increasingly, young people are able to see opportunities where their parents could not simply because they did not have any role-models close by.
I feel that what we as adults can do is to fully support the activities of these youngsters who have realized that they can change the world for the better.
Impact Japan is one such organization which we created in order to support the 'nails that stand out'. These outliers need all the support that they can get and we try to provide it.
Please do visit our site!
education, entrepreneur, global, innovation, science
Interacting with Young ‘rikejo’
‘rikejo’ is a shortened form of Rikei joshi which in Japanese means ‘women in science’.
One of the biggest companies in the cosmetic industry today, L’Oreal has a highly successful awards program called ‘For Women in Science’ which it has been running for the past 12 years. There has even been Nobel Prize winners among the recipients of this prize.
As a judge on the panel of this prize(1), I have had the opportunity to play an active part on its here in Japan. Unfortunately, I was unable to participate in this year’s award ceremony held in Paris because I was busy with my work at the NAIIC.
However, I was able to attend the special awards ceremony held here in Japan and meet the young Rikejo who were in attendance. Ms Miki Ando, world figure skate champion, received a special prize this year; Ms Meisa Kuroki, one of top TV/movie stars, was the recipient a year earlier, and this I think is proves that L’Oreal does things in style. Interestingly, it was at the ceremony last year (unfortunately, I have not had the opportunity to introduce this in my blog) that the word Rikejo started gaining currency, and this has developed into the award ceremony that it is today.
Held on the day of the General Election for the Lower House of Representatives, there was a contest where around 50 students from universities and high schools participated. Called ‘Team Match-Up:What If…You Could Create Your Own Cosmetics!’, the participants were divided into 8 teams and asked to dream up of new cosmetics. The well-practiced participants were able to come up with novel ideas within 45 minutes despite being put into random groups and then make their case in a 2-3 minute presentation. I got into the action by tweeting my thoughts as well.
There were three prizes in all, two presented by the panelists and one by the participants. Amazingly, the verdicts were the same. The products had daring and innovative names, and all the presentations were delivered with confidence and convincing. Just as I said, you’d better watch out for the awesome Rikejo!.
First Prize
Product name: Pheromone Eyeliners to Woo the Opposite Sex!
Concept:
? Baseliner equipped multifunctional eyeliner.
? Different eyeliners for each sex (differentiate on basis of fragrance and packaging)
? Introduce as the world’s first fragrant eyeliner!
? Encourage the spread of cosmetics in Japanese men a la Korean men.
Panelist Special Prize
Product name: Butterfly
? Combine lip cream and lipstick for a beautiful color.
? Make it possible to customize the product through the use of stackable and interchangeable parts.
? Make it possible to use each of the parts on its own.
? Allow for decoration of the exterior of the product.
? Attach a removable mirror.
Best Cosmetic Award ( chosen by the votes of the rikejo)
Product name： ‘雌’ girl lip stain (「雌」is Chinese character for female)
? The must-have product for that all-important Christmas date (Makes him fall in love, but doesn’t fall off!)
? Target girls and women in the range of 15 to 20+ years of age.
? Combine the innocence of a young girl with a hint of mysterious allure. For women who want it all.
? Make it an affordable luxury at a price of 1800 yen.
What do you think? L’Oreal is certainly going about its business with panache!
blog, global, innovation, science
The Fukushima Ministerial Conference on Nuclear Safety, Visits from Foreign Delegates
The “Fukushima Ministerial Conference on Nuclear Safety” is being held this weekend December 15 to 17th in Koriyama City in Fukushima Prefecture, hosted by the Japanese government and co-hosted by the IAEA.
It will be at the same time as the Lower House election.
The list of participating countries is extensive, and shows that they are trying to learn from the Fukushima nuclear accident.
In October, I was notified about the conference by some knowledgeable people abroad. They asked me, “You will take part in the conference right?” but I considered the position of the Japanese government and just nodded, “Hmmm.”
A month ago, a certain Diet member had asked a government official, “Aren’t you going to ask Dr. Kurokawa to participate in the conference?” and an official from the Ministry of Foreign Affairs visited me. The official seemed to be slightly uncomfortable, but after talking for a while it became clear that the government (meaning, the administrative branch of the government) had decided (did not think about it most likely or pressured somehow?) that “there was no reason for me to participate,”there was nothing for me to contribute to the program, and they did not consider me in the list of participants. There is no need for me to force anything, so I told the visitor 'Not to worry, I will not participate).
Actually, during these past two days, delegations from three countries have visited me separately. They praised the NAIIC report and wanted to learn and discuss more. They said they were able to deepen their understanding of each other, as well have a meaningful discussion regarding Japan’s role and future challenges.
In my previous entry, I pointed out that a comparison of the response of the U.S. and U.K. to the NAIIC report with Japan’s response indicates Japan’s delay in “true globalization” and the differences in ways of thinking.
Tomorrow is election day. Please vote no matter what. There are many parties and you may be unsure of who to choose, but you must carefully assess the qualities of each candidate. Your vote will move the democratic system, although it may not change right away.
Especially the young people, starting from this election, you must change your awareness and vote. For you are the ones who will build the future.
It will take time to make the democratic system work.
3.11, blog, fukushima, global, nuclear, policy, politics
The Significance of the National Diet of Japan Fukushima Nuclear Accident Independent Investigation Commission (NAIIC), the National Diet or Legislative Branch, and the Election
The National Diet is the legislative branch in Japan and is considered the “highest organ of state power.” But do you really feel this way?
There has recently been some sharp comments regarding NAIIC and the function of the Diet.
It is the article by Nikkei Business Online, “How to heighten the abilities of the Diet members and incorporate the private sector’s wisdom in policies? The appalling reality of the activities of the ‘highest organ of state power.’” (December 14, 2012) (in Japanese).
The Diet is the legislative branch of the three branches of power, which form the foundation of democratic system. However, it is not functioning the way it should be. Whether it will work or not depends on what you demand of the politicians you choose in the election. It will take a long time, but it will determine the future, especially for young people.
Particularly for young people, from this election onwards, you must change your awareness and vote in elections. From now on, you will build the future of Japan.
It will take time to make the democratic institutions work.
Open your eyes, carefully assess the qualities of the candidates according to your own judgment, and vote.
The first step is to vote in the election.
articles, fukushima, nuclear, policy, politics
The U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (USNRC) Fukushima Investigation Commission, Nagasaki University, and Elections and a Functioning Democratic System
It has been one year since the establishment of the National Diet of Japan Fukushima Nuclear Accident Independent Investigation Commission and five months since the report was published.
The U.S. Congress gave a mandate to the National Academy of Sciences (NAS) to establish an independent Fukushima accident investigation commission (the list of Commission members is here) and started their activities this past July. It is possible to see this on the website.
The third series of meetings was held in Japan and was on the progress of the inspections at Tokyo and Fukushima. As this is an independent commission by the legislative branch, the U.S. decided that the Japanese administrative branch of the Government should basically not be involved.
The first day of the meetings in Tokyo was at the National Institute for Graduate Studies (GRIPS). The three days of the meetings began with my presentation and discussions and went on to have hearings. The commission members had each read the NAIIC report closely and their evaluation of the NAIIC was very high.
It was mostly open to the public, but the questions were limited to the commission members. There was a brief report on it in the Asahi Shimbun (in Japanese).
On a different day, I gave the keynote speech at the Daiwa Capital Markets Conference “Global Agenda in Post-Fukushima.” Since over half of the audience and participants are not Japanese, it seemed that English was the language used. I introduced NAIIC as“the first independent investigation commission mandated by the Diet, the legislative branch, in the constitutional history of Japan” and began my speech.
After my speech, a member of the audience came and told me, “I worked as a civil servant at the British Treasury for ten years and afterwards at a private company. It is unbelievable that this the first independent investigation commission by the legislative branch…there are two such commissions in the UK right now…”
Compared to how the report has been assessed abroad, the Japanese response seems to be weak (in Japanese), but this may be due to the public awareness, Diet members and public servants’ lack of understanding about the functions of the democratic system (in Japanese). I also pointed this out in my blog on August 16.
On another day, I went to give a talk at Nagasaki University (in Japanese). There were many young people who participated. There was also a considerable number of high school students and they gave excellent feedback to the university organizing office.
These young people understood that the process of NAIIC is one part of strengthening the functions of the legislative branch.
This is was it means to participate in an election, although the country will not change immediately. It will take time for the democratic system to be built.
Especially for this reason, young people must think hard, participate in the election process and vote, for Japan’s future and for your future.
3.11, blog, education, fukushima, global, nuclear, policy, politics
Invitation to MIT Media Lab @Tokyo
→Japanwse
MIT Media Lab @Tokyo 2013 will be held in January of next year.
Won’t you come and join this “workshop for creating the future”?
Last year, many people participated in this inspiring gathering.
Year 2013, it will again offer an inspiring program and will be a gathering of incredible people who are the ‘nail that sticks out.’
Please visit this website for more information.
High Sales of the National Diet of Japan Fukushima Nuclear Accident Independent Investigation Commission (NAIIC) report, and will the Democratic System in Japan Move Forward?
I was pleased upon reading a recent article that the NAIIC report is selling well. This achievement is due to the efforts of the NAIIC team.
How would you evaluate the report? The response abroad has been an unbelievably high assessment (1) of the report.
During election times and also on the everyday level, please question the members of the Diet, who were chosen by the Japanese public, that is each of YOU, whether they are making efforts to implement the report’s recommendations.
When this practice sinks in and becomes established between the public and the Diet members, it will push the democratic systems and the legislative branch to work better.
Even if it is gradual, your future and Japan will change through the process of elections.
Elections are an important way for each individual citizen to be involved in national politics.
fukushima, global, policy, politics
Visit from the United Nations Human Rights Council
Two weeks ago, Mr. Anand Grover, the Special Rapporteur of the United Nations Human Rights Council, and his team visited Japan. They came as part of an investigation into the Fukushima nuclear power plant accident and the conditions of the damage.
They had well researched the conditions of the victims of Fukushima and the nuclear plant workers and we had an hour-long discussion on many topics. Also, they had read the National Diet of Japan Fukushima Nuclear Accident Independent Investigation Commission (NAIIC) report quite thoroughly.
The press releases by the Japanese government regarding the north eastern Japan earthquake and tsunami, and especially the governmental response to the victims of the Fukushima nuclear accident have been suppressive and the Special Rapporteur accurately pointed out both the positive aspects and the inadequacies.
It is possible to read this press statement in both Japanese and English. It is not very long, please take a look at it when you have time. The links for the sites are below.
Japanese: http://unic.or.jp/unic/press_release/2869/
English: http://unic.or.jp/unic/press_release/2869/#entry-english
Video: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ET2dVWgOmC4&feature=plcp
The international community is highly aware and has been trying to learn from Japan’s response to the accident from many angles.
This is an issue that is directly connected with trust in the government.
First Anniversary of the National Diet of Japan Fukushima Nuclear Accident Independent Investigation Commission (NAIIC)
One year ago, on December 8, the National Diet of Japan Fukushima Nuclear Accident Independent Investigation Commission (NAIIC) was officially established.
Today, exactly one year since then, many from the NAIIC team reunited to spend three hours together in the afternoon. During the highly intense six months, which at times seemed to have no exit, we overcame major obstacles together and developed a camaraderie. We shared this team spirit and spent the afternoon talking about about many topics.
I presented everyone with a commemorative gift that I had prepared to express my feelings of gratitude.
As I have mentioned on this site (1), NAIIC has been evaluated highly by the world.
Then, how has the response been within Japan?
Most of the people on the NAIIC team did not know each other one year ago. To share such an experience for several months as a working professional must have been a significant experience and a source of further self-confidence for the future. I have heard many people expressing such feelings.
I remember back to my opening remarks (in Japanese) and closing words (in Japanese) of my address to the Diet one year ago on this day. That day was the seventieth anniversary of the bombing of Pearl Harbor. The amazing aspect of the information age in which we live today is that anyone, including me, can access this speech online and listen to it anytime. When I reflect back, even now, I believe that my feelings regarding undertaking NAIIC are expressed straightforwardly in this speech.
During this past year, so many things have changed irrevocably in the world and in Japan.
However, what is the current situation of Fukushima? Yesterday evening, there was a considerable earthquake in north eastern Japan and although it was small, a tsunami occurred. What did you think about this?
Japan, true to form, will soon have an election again. But it is difficult to have much hope… what is the cause of this?
It is now a time when each person should think and change, as I have written in the Preface of the NAIIC report.
3.11, blog, fukushima, global, nuclear, policy
Schedule – January 2013
Earth System Governance Tokyo Conference
Plenary ー Nuclear Governance
Date & Time: Thursday, January 31, 9:00-10:30
(Keynote Lecture and Panel Discussion)
Venue: Elizabeth Rose Conference Hall, United Nations University 5th Floor
5?53?70 Jingumae, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo
Contact Details： TokyoESG2013@ias.unu.edu
MIT Media Lab @Tokyo 2013
Date & Time： Saturday, January 18, 18:00- ＊2 days Event(January 18-19)
18：00－18：30 Panel Discussion
Venue： Digital Garage
Daikanyama DG Bldg., 3-5-7 Ebisu Minami, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo 150-0022, Japan
Contact Details： team-mljapan@media.mit.edu （General）
press-mljapan@media.mit.edu （Press）
Internationa Symposium on Sustainability Science:
Towards a Mature & Sustainable Society
Date & Time: Monday, January 7, 2013 14:45-15:15 (Lecture)
17:00-17:45 (Panel Discussion)
* 12:30 Open 13:00 Start
Venue: U Thant International Conference Hall (United Nations University)
Lecture Title: "Uncertain Times: Changing Principals"
Contact Details: Prime International Co., Ltd.
TEL.+81-3-6277-0117 FAX.+81-3-6277-0118
E-mail：international_symposium2013_107@prime-pco.com
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in Admin, Teaching
Bidding Farewell to the Happy Times
I loved thee well, dear Sabbatical. But it’s time to face the fact that the main reason the state of Connecticut pays me is to teach, so teach I shall. Hopefully my return to full-time teaching won’t significantly impact the blog. I will continue to post, although probably only once or twice per week, rather than whenever I feel like it. I still have plenty of material: about 30 drafts of posts in various stages and many more ideas. I still have to finish up a couple of posts on horse logistics, a final post on the history of early modern intelligence, plenty more on strategy, on battle, on books and publishing EMEH, on historiography, and on note-taking as well. And that’s just off the top of my head. Hopefully our discussions will sustain themselves as well, so keep an eye on the Recent Comments. After 9 months of blogging, more than 150 posts, and over 17,000 ‘views’, there’s plenty more to talk about. As an academic I always feel empowered to hold forth on any topic regardless of my knowledge of it.
Once the semester starts in a few days, I’ll have a better sense of what my schedule will be like, and I’ll try to get into a posting rhythm (e.g. a post every Monday and Thursday…). Of course if there are topical matters or new publications to complain about, those posts will appear when I finish them.
All this means that if you’ve been lurking and enjoying the fruits of others’ labor, it’s time for you to start commenting. If you feel like contributing a guest post, please do so – they can be very short, a question for the audience, a comment or suggestion… It’s just that easy. And of late there’s been some good discussion in several different posts, so keep an eye out on the Recent Comments.
For you academics out there: what are you teaching this semester? Anything military? For any students, what are you taking? Tell us in the comments.
For my part, I’m teaching two sections of Historical Research and Writing, and you’ll see a few of my hobby horses from the course appear on this blog, particularly regarding note-taking. This is about as broad a course as you can get (i.e. no period/place limits), but I do have one class meeting where I have the students analyze an English playing card highlighting Prince Eugene’s victory ending the Bourbon siege of Turin in 1706.
1707 Playing card celebrating victory at Turin in 1706
I’ll also be teaching a senior seminar on Late Stuart England, 1685-1714, where the students can pick whatever topic they would like. Hopefully one or two will choose something with a military bent.
in Methodology, Miscellaneous
WWVD?
For those unaware, it was a thing back in the 90s among conservative Christian circles to sport a fashionable WWJD? bracelet, which served as a reminder to always ask one’s self the timeless question: “What would Jesus do?” The past few days have prompted me to ask an even more important question: “What would Vauban do?” What would he do indeed, what wouldn’t he do, and why would he do or not do? That is the question. [No: the question is not “What would Voldemort do?” Nor is it “What would Voltron do?” Not even what Vader would do.]
Vauban, pointing out what is to be done
I’ve been asking myself that question more than usual over the past few days. Doing so has forced me to come to terms with questions that have dogged me throughout my career. And these questions should dog every historian. Let me explain.
My first sense of unease developed from a comment Erik made on a previous post, daring to impugn the reputation of one Monsieur Vauban. I took umbrage, as any one should when le Grand Vauban‘s reputation is at stake. He speculated that Vauban might have had ulterior motives when describing high engineering casualty figures. I was therefore forced to respond, objecting that of course he wouldn’t lie, he was a good guy, or something to that effect. But I did feel on solid ground, logically if not empirically. I hadn’t the evidence to show that Vauban’s engineering casualty figures were accurate, or that these casualties were suffered by full-time members of the military engineering corps. But I knew that other contemporaries, including some otherwise disrespectful of the engineers, agreed with Vauban’s claim. That’s the end of that, I thought. Vauban wouldn’t lie. He was truly one of the good guys of Louis XIV’s reign. I not only knew what Vauban would do, but I also knew what he wouldn’t. And he won’t do that, to quote Meatloaf.
This incident, so innocent on its own, was quickly followed by a second, the combination of which turned me defensively pensive. Just a day later a colleague emailed me a straightforward question: ‘Some of Vauban’s contemporaries claimed that he made sieges more difficult than they should have, “so as to present his designs in a favourable light.” Would Vauban do this?’ A fair question, but now I was invested and surrounded on all sides – my boundaries of Vauban-knowledge clearly being tested, prodded for weaknesses. Now I was not only being asked to explain why Vauban did something, but whether he would have done something. Things were getting a bit hypothetical – the fog of war obscured my vision. It didn’t help that this friend was unsatisfied with my first, heavily-qualified answer that sought to provide a context for why such contemporary criticisms were made. Replying quickly to my refusal to submit to his terms, he cut to the chase: “As an expert, do you think Vauban would do that or not?” My WWVD? bracelet was mute, and even worse, the enemy had loosed the “e” word from his arsenal, automatically releasing the fear of being found out as a fraud, exposed as having only empty uniforms guarding the walls. Like a slave reminding the triumphant Roman general that “All glory is fleeting,” doubt mocked me: “Shouldn’t you know more about Vauban, Mr. Fancy-Pants Expert?” Errrr, well, it depends…. Then another, much older, fifth column, the ghost of uncomfortable-questions-past, chimed in: “Yeah. And how can you, someone in the 21st century, know anything about how someone would have acted 300 years ago, much less why they would have acted that way?” How indeed, I fretted. Sensing my wavering, doubt committed its reserves. A flood of memories stormed the walls: the numerous occasions from the past when I had heard people make bold statements about so-and-so being a great general, while in my mind, even if I knew the general and his oeuvre, I realized I had far less conviction that I knew the answer. And even less conviction that I could say why.
And then, suddenly, the siege was lifted, or at least its ultimate outcome no longer in doubt. I realized that with both questions I was in fact trying to answer WWVD? by coming up with a plausible explanation for why he might do such a thing as lie about casualties or make a siege harder than it should have been. I could imagine many implausible reasons: that Vauban lied about it for personal gain; that he drew out the length of a siege for personal aggrandizement; and so on. More plausible, however, were more laudable motives that I associate with Vauban: he might have done it to make a point about the need for better pay and training of his beloved engineer corps; or maybe he did it to illustrate the need to follow his rules closely. Those motives I could at least understand, because they fit my image of who Vauban was. Just as quickly, however, I realized that I had just fallen into one of the oldest traps the human mind has invented, confusing a plausible explanation for actual evidence. The two questions are distinct despite being constantly confused with each other: “How do we know that X is true?” (the claim and reasons together forming an argument), and “Why is X true?” (the answer being an explanation). As logicians and philosophers phrase it, an explanation is not a reason to believe a claim – I can give you multiple reasons why my 3rd grade teacher was an alien, but no matter how many explanations I give, none of them are evidence that she actually was. Yet, despite my repeated lecturing to students about this distinction, I had fallen back onto it – I had in fact been captured not by formal siege, but instead by a ruse. I didn’t know, empirically, if Vauban had ever intentionally attacked a fortress at its strongest point to make some larger point. Nor did I know whether he had lied about engineering casualty figures. But then, maybe if I could come up with reasons why he might do such a thing, I could decide whether or not those sounded like the Vauban I know. And only in doing that could I come to a satisfying answer: “I doubt Vauban would do that, but if he did, he would have only done it for some laudable purpose. And he certainly wouldn’t do it if it hurt other people.” And I was satisfied (as was my interlocutor) – not because I had found the answer, but because I had squared a seemingly-bad (hypothetical) act by Vauban with a (hypothetical) motive that was good.
My point? More like questions. What makes us think we can “understand” why someone did something, or, more to the point, whether someone might do something or not? Are people, are historical actors, that transparent? Are they that consistent in their behavior – and how much of their behavior do we really know on which to base our model of their behavior? Will men on the battlefield (or in the trenches) act consistent with their personality? And if we don’t have evidence, “proof”, that somebody did not do something, what basis do we have to say “I know him so well that I know he wouldn’t do that”? And let’s not even start thinking about how we come up with counterfactual evidence for why so-and-so wouldn’t do such-and-such because we just know he’s not that kind of guy. For someone who tends to think of human motivations in terms of situational ethics, I’m a little uncomfortable here.
Somebody talk me down.
in Historiography, Methodology
Beware Conventional Wisdom
Reading through Gavin’s interesting post on cavalry lancers, I’m struck yet again by how easy it is for us in the present to commit the common historical fallacy of assuming that in any given period contemporaries operated within a broad consensus. (that’s probably one of Hackett Fischer’s Historian’s Fallacies.) That there was a widely-accepted view on any given topic; that authorities dictated beliefs and practices. Undoubtedly this has to do with just how ignorant we really are of how people thought back then; the further back we go, the murkier it becomes. Of course, if we give it much thought, we realize that just about everything today is up for debate, and there’s little reason to believe the case would have been that different three hundred years earlier. But then the traditional historiography of the whole pre-modern period seems to just beg us to assume such unanimity: it was, after all, the Age of Absolute Monarchs and (for a while at least) the all-powerful Catholic Church, and there certainly wasn’t any agency below the rank of noble. But then everybody got science and enlightenment in the 18C, only to reject it all and turn Romantic and stuff. Or maybe that’s just how historians have simplified it for too long…
This expectation of consensus is certainly true in the case of early modern warfare. And yet it’s also absurd on so many levels, once we consider the relative impotency of most early modern rulers, the vast number of different conflicts raging across Europe, the variety of combatants engaged, as well as the stakes involved. Not only could such topics be a matter of life and death, which would invariably generate heated debate in councils of war and cabinets, but there was also status to be earned (and denied to your competitors) by winning, not to mention money to be made; even artisans could make a buck by selling their new-fangled idea to the military (ask Galileo or Da Vinci), which required pointing out how useless every other invention was.
Several specific military examples of the contested reality of early modern warfare come to mind. In addition to Gavin’s detailing of the 16C debate over projectile (reiter) vs. shock (lancer), we could mention J.R. Hale’s discussion of the 16C debate between Machiavelli and his fellow humanists regarding whether one should fight in the open field or instead rely on fortifications (see his “To Fortify or Not To Fortify”). Similarly, my Vauban under Siege book explored yet another military debate over differing interpretations of what a “good” siege was – was it a short one, or one that minimized both casualties and time, sacrificing whatever time was needed to spare unnecessary bloodshed? In all three of these cases, we can point to all sorts of historical literature that has blithely assured us that the 16C was the age of THIS, the 18C the age of THAT. In short, zeitgeist substituting for analysis, historians doing what they do best – overgeneralizing. As a result, it’s surprisingly refreshing to see some contemporaries admit that there was in fact no consensus on a particular issue, whether it be the merits of the longbow vs. the arquebus, or whether one should defend or abandon the covered way.
Beware the Whiggish Interpretation of Tactics – one that assumes a linear progress from worse to better. And be particularly leery if important tactical advances are attributed to a Great Captain.
Most Awesomest Idea Ever?
Perhaps you’re like me. You tend to think about things visually and perhaps after a cartography course and a Tufte book or two you appreciate that visualizations can be far more data dense than an equivalent area of prose. Preferring to think visually is indeed great, except when, like me, you have practically no artistic skills. So you don’t really use it very much because you can’t draw a smiley face, much less a semi-respectable outline of Europe.
An actual drawing of Europe by me. Autographed copies available.
Did Early Modern Armies Get Better or Worse During Wartime?
A comment to a previous post made by Gavin (Aug. 4) prompted me to make a flippant response, when really I should have been paying attention to his serious point. It deals with how we think about the ability of early modern armies to become more effective over time, i.e. learning curves during wartime. He suggested that armies sometimes (often?) learn over the course of a war and get better, and then are apt to forget those lessons during peacetime.
I think it’s difficult to know if there is a general tendency one way or the other in many/most wars – measuring it strikes me as quite challenging given all the counterfactual argumentation required. I would, however, argue that in the early modern period, most wars (perhaps even the British Civil Wars if one looks at them over their entire length?) were long and bloody, and since professionalism spread slowly in the period, attrition likely took away a lot of the (good) veterans, whether soldiers, officers or technicians. Perhaps those that survived late into a decade-long war were better, but I can imagine there being an inflection point after which competency declines rather than continues to increase. As a concrete example, I talk about the effects of engineering attrition in Vauban under Siege, chapter 5: Vauban claimed that there were so few good engineers because so few survived long enough to learn the lessons, and I show the Allied engineering corps suffered the same fate in the Spanish Succession.
I’d bet attrition-induced mediocrity (if I can coin a phrase) is a broader phenomenon. I believe this was also associated with Frederick the Great’s late campaigns as well – certainly historians have framed the Old Regime’s avoidance of field battle in terms of fearing the loss of trained veterans that battle casualties would incur (even though I’ve often wondered about that logic on many levels). Some historians have also argued this happened with Napoleon’s late campaigns; his quote about only being good for another ten? years comes to mind.
Such trends might also be influenced by specific policy decisions, e.g. Wick Murray arguing that in WW2 the US army air corps intentionally held back some of its best pilots to train new ones, whereas the Japanese ended up getting all their aces killed in combat. Perhaps whether officers were expected to lead from the front or direct from the back makes a difference here: a look at casualty rates among early modern officer corps might be informative in this regard. I think a few scholars have presented data that would be useful here, i.e. the seniority and service experience of officers. (Erik? Corvisier? Rowlands? Drévillon?)
Some historiography has undoubtedly addressed the issue: a few of the contributions to the Military Revolution debate certainly must have some insight (but I can’t think of who off hand); J.E. Lendon’s Soldiers and Ghosts on Greek and Roman warfare emphasizes the importance of antiquarianism among the Ancients; and just about any work on military culture likely addresses the issue, since one of their major themes is how culture encourages military men to make decisions that seem to go against ‘rational’ choice (as defined by modern Western professional standards).
Do you think early modern armies got better or worse as their wars went on? Specific examples, conceptual categories and general hunches appreciated.
An odd new publication
Just got an email alert that the first volume of Brill’s 2012 edition of the International Bibliography of Military History has been released. I’m familiar with the publication sponsored by the International Commission of Military History, which consisted, as the title suggests, of an annual bibliography of recently-published works, organized within by period and/or place. Brill took over publication within the past year or so, and apparently some changes have been made.
What changes? First off, Brill has abandoned the annual publication schedule, turning it into a journal; you can purchase each article for $30, of $145 per year. Second, the strict annotated bibliography format has been abandoned as well – now “occasional” historiographical articles will be published too.
PS: they should probably tweak the journal title to include historiography if they want people to know it’s more than a bibliography.
What does this new volume include? Hard to say. If you go to the link, you’ll find a volume of approximately 162 pages, 75 of which are bibliography. There are also several historiographical essays. But beyond that, it’s hard to figure out.
If you are interested, here are two titles that may or may not be of interest to you. For myself, I really can’t gauge my interest level, because as of 20 August the website provides abstracts, but doesn’t bother to tell us who the author of the historiographical articles are. A bit of an oversight if you ask me. First up:
“Denial of Change: The Military Revolution as Seen by Contemporaries,” International Bibliography of Military History 32 (2012): 3-27.
The introduction and spread in Europe of gunpowder came in the context of a wave of technological innovations, which – especially initially – masked the potential of and changes that eventually resulted specifically from gunpowder. Since Michael Roberts identified the latter as “Military Revolution”, historians have debated its dating, and whether it was an evolution and a revolution. But was gunpowder the cause of these changes, or itself one of a complex of interacting changes reflecting a change in mentality which embraced innovations and explored their potential? Significantly, this article shows that many contemporaries did not perceive gunpowder as the crucial or even the only cause of change. Many even denied that there was any progress at all, in keeping with an earlier and enduring mentality in which classical Antiquity was seen as an age superior to the present. Only gradually, symbolised by the “Quarrel between the Ancients and the Moderns”, did a new consensus emerge, acknowledging that the world had changed fundamentally since Antiquity, and that the changed instruments of war, as well as the state structures underpinning warfare, had become much mightier. Even then, technology was seen – and probably rightly so – as only one cause, not the only one.
If I may provide some editorial comment: Unfortunately, I have no idea what exactly this article is about. There is no author indicated, which might help narrow things down. In the end I may check it out at some point, if only because the abstract raises more questions than answers. I can think of multiple examples off the top of my head that contradict the claim that early moderns didn’t see gunpowder as a critical watershed – does the author compare gunpowder-change proponents against their opponents? Discuss how we reconcile these schools? If the article does, I’d want the author’s take in the abstract. I’m not clear about the chronology either. Which contemporaries are being addressed: 15C? 16C? 17C? 18C? The Quarrel of the Ancients and Moderns would seem to suggest late 17C-early 18C, but it’s not at all clear. Perhaps the mention of openness to innovation suggests that it will focus on the later 18C? Or maybe its a generic overview of the entire early modern period – the keywords include both Late Middle Ages and Early Modern. That would be a lot of territory to cover in 25 pages. Does the article devote five pages per century? five pages on the 15C-17C and the rest on the 18C? twenty pages on the late 17C-early 18C and five pages on the rest…? Regardless of the page distribution, what does the author do with post-Querelle writers like Folard, Santa Cruz de Marcenado, and Puységur? They clearly liked their Ancients. Geographical questions abound as well: what country(ies) are discussed? Without knowing the author, you might as well throw a dart – although I’d guess England and/or France are probably the biggest slices on the dartboard. If more than one country is discussed, does the author see national distinctions, e.g. given the slightly different timing of the Quarrel in France and England? Did every country even have a Quarrel? Did countries without a formal Quarrel come to the same conclusions? All of these basic questions should be alluded to, if not answered or mooted outright, in the abstract. That’s why we talk about specific countries, specific decades/centuries, etc.
Finally, I’m not clear how this is a “historiographical” essay – this seems to be focusing on early modern contemporaries and not early modern historians. That’s all fine and good, but that certainly seems to be stretching the definition of historiography pretty thin, and it’s not doing the author any favors by putting it in a journal with Bibliography in the title, with a side note that it covers Historiography. I wouldn’t think to look for an article like that in a journal with that name.
But all these questions might be answered and reconciled in the article – it may be an awesome essay – I just don’t know. I do know that I get concerned when expensive, short articles seem to claim analysis of broad swathes of time and space. We all know the oldest trick in the book is to craft a sweeping title while focusing on a much much smaller evidential base (e.g. “early modern Europe” really means 1700s-1720s England). And the second-oldest trick is to craft a sweeping title and actually cover each period (say early modern Europe from c. 1500-c.1780s) in pathetically shallow detail. I’ve been burned too many times before.
The second article of possible interest is “The Tendencies of French Military Historiography from 2005 to 2010.” For this article, the website doesn’t even include an abstract, nor an author. Is it surveying French military historiography from the Ancient world to the present? Pre-modern? Early modern? Modern modern? Any particular area of military history? As Dr. Evil would say: “Throwing me a frickin’ bone here!” (only Austin Powers reference I’ll ever make, I promise).
A plea to publishers: help your potential customers by giving us information we can use, especially when the intended audience is other academic military historians, who know the questions to ask. Especially if you want us to pay a lot of money for it.
in Bibliography, Research
Organizing maps and diagrams
Discussion continues on the state of EMEMH publishing – the good, the bad and the ugly. But until we get some more input from others, I’ll shift gears just a little. But please do continue the conversation.
A long time ago, probably when I first starting teaching my own courses back in grad school, I became frustrated with how few EMEMH images I had access to (I should probably start numbering these frustrations for reference, and for therapeutic purposes). This was back in the mid-to-late 1990s, when computer graphics had only just gone mainstream and the Internet was just taking off. It was a heady time, with enthusiastic grad students and military history enthusiasts scanning crappy black-and-white versions of diagrams and maps onto the computer to insert into a syllabus, to use in this new thing called PowerPoint, or to post up on the World Wide Web. A ground-breaking example from one of my most imaginative professor’s courses:
This was in the GIF age, when Compuserve’s image format ruled the world. Much like the dinosaurs, most of these scanned pictures would be consigned to the scrapheap of history within a few years, worthless either because of their poor quality or perhaps because they were saved in a proprietary format that was no longer easily accessible. But that’s beside the point – early adopters always reinvent the wheel from scratch and more often than not proceed to scratch it altogether.
Now that the digital age has truly arrived, we should be able to do better. As I sit here scanning in various battle maps from umpteen different books, I wonder how I will keep track of such things. My normal work flow is relatively set by this stage in my career. For serious textual research, I created a customized MS Access database for primary source note-taking and über-precise keywording, and a related bibliographic database for published (i.e. largely secondary) sources. Thousands of PDF documents are stored in several different folders on my hard drive (some already hyper-linked within the Access database), including hundreds of journal articles and book chapters that have OCR behind the PDF, and are thus searchable using Acrobat’s global search. But my Access database, as powerful as it is, has always been a bit clunky and limited to the desktop. So ever since I acquired an iPad I’ve been using Evernote as an idea diary and multipurpose notebook (automatically syncs between desktop, laptop, iPad…). I’ve even started typing in small quotes and drafts into it, as a temporary holding spot before they get copied over to the formal MS Word document (and possibly back into my Access database). Evernote continues a long history or ‘tablets’ and commonplace books used for hundreds of years: one 17C historian compared this kind of notebook to a fortress, which stored a garrison full of ideas and evidence, any of which could be mustered into the field at a moment’s notice. Evernote admittedly overlaps a bit with my Access db, but it is much more portable across platforms, so it makes it easier when I’m away from the desktop. I’ve also got a thousand books and dozens of volumes of archival photocopies sprawled everywhere, but at least almost all the book chapters/journal articles are now PDF. I’m slowly trying to get as many of these scanned (and searchable) as possible. Google Books is also useful here.
But thus far I’ve treated images like my other teaching resources, with a much more haphazard workflow. I usually end up reading books and articles, and then scanning the occasional graphic and putting it into a folder organized by topics and wars that reflect my course structure. I then use the free graphic management program Picasa (Google’s baby) to keep track of where all the images are, and do a few basic searches in Picasa when putting together my PowerPoint presentations for class/presentations. But now that I’m starting to use some of these images for my research, I feel like I need to be a little bit more organized with my images. So I’ve made a few recent changes. I’ve started tagging the images in Picasa as well, since my file name may say “Landen 1693”, but I won’t always remember to also search under Neerwinden to find all the images related to this Battle-With-Two-Names, nor am I consistent whether I put Landen’s battle plan in the Battle folder or in the 9YW folder – I could make separate file copies for each folder, but I’m quickly running out of space on my hard drive, and any modifications (crop, change contrast…) would have to be done to each image separately. Things are getting even more confused with my recent foray hunting down battle plans from the 9YW & WSS. In order to tell them apart in a file list, I have started naming image files after the exact title of the image, yet this means irregular spelling of names (e.g. Neer-Winde) and sometimes no mention of the keyword at all. It doesn’t help that I’m really lazy when it comes to recording the exact source of the various images I’ve gleaned, esp. online. Fair-use discourages strict citation practices.
So, how do I easily keep track of all these?
At this stage Picasa is the default, but it lacks the various metadata features available in other programs, particularly my Access database. Another solution would be to integrate it into my Access database, essentially treating each image like a book chapter or webpage. Perhaps another route might be to use Zotero, since many of the images (or their bibliographic records) are already online. Or possibly paste copies of the graphics into Evernote.
In theory, there might even be some way to quickly identify the location of all sorts of illustrations, using the Google Books API to extract the items in the various List of Illustrations, Maps, Figures in published works. But the technical skills inherent in that previous sentence have already put me in over my head, so I’m not the man for the job. Not to mention, I don’t really want to add yet another application into my workflow: Access, Evernote, Adobe Acrobat, Word, Picasa, Zotero…
Given time constraints, most likely what this means is that I will continue to use multiple programs for their niche features. Ideally there’d be an all-in-one program that is customizable (i.e. can create your own queries and see the backend data), easily handles text and image, scalable (we’re talking gigs of data), exportable to other programs, and is available and syncable across multiple platforms. Talk about your non-existent digital chimera.
Recommendations for combining textual and graphical items into an integrated workflow?
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Christina Elizabeth May 22, 2018 May 23, 2018 Comment, Life, Personal Issues, Relationships, Society
A year ago, I moved back to where I grew up. This time, I was 14 years older, had a good paying job and, for lack of a better word, was an adult. My fiance (now husband) and I bought a house near the park where you could find us every Sunday, the grammar school I attended and my parent’s house. We are now also not too far away from the Midway Orange Line that I take to work every day.
Because I live so close to my parents, they’ve decided to spoil me rotten and pick me up every morning to head to the train to go to work. Don’t worry, it wasn’t just for me, but also for my mom who still works downtown at a law firm. She taught me how to ride the train to meet her for lunch at 10 years old, during the summer when I was out of school. She taught me the importance of directions and explained how to find my way around when I got lost. Luckily, in Chicago, we’re on a grid and well, it’s not too hard to understand and learn.
Since I’ve been riding the train with her for about a year now, and like I said, am substantially older than I was when we rode the train together when I was in high school, I’ve come to realize just how much of a gift it is and have learned to cherish the time we have together in the mornings, telling stories, laughing or complaining about how tired we are.
My mom and I are a lot alike. If you know me and you’ve met my mother, you’d probably say, “Duh.” But I’m also a lot like my dad. I’d like to think that I’ve won the best qualities of both of them. Recently, I’ve been thinking a lot about not necessarily how alike we are, but WHY we are alike. I pride myself as being a good listener– I can listen to understand, even though I act like I’m not listening at all– and it’s something that I learned because of my mother.
So I decided to compile a list. Not necessarily about lessons that my mom taught me because I don’t even think she thought she was teaching me when I learned these things, but about what I learned because of her.
Don’t force anything. I’m extremely impatient. Mentally, I want things to happen quickly especially if I can control it. I wanted things to happen instantly. I wanted my parents to always say yes to me when I asked to do something. I wanted to be like my friends so I would have them and they wouldn’t think I wasn’t cool. I wanted people to like me because– they didn’t. Be patient, my mom told me. Don’t force it. I didn’t understand that until I became an adult. If things are supposed to happen, they will. With time things will emerge and they will grow into something more to my liking. I also realized that I couldn’t control what was out of my control.
Later on, I learned that the only person I could control was myself and that any consequences that may have occurred was because I allowed it to happen or I made it happen. From then on, I took my dad’s chill approach to things and made a lot more intentional decisions in my life.
Learn to understand but don’t waiver on your morals and values. This was not easy to learn. Like I previously said, I learned the importance of understanding as a kid because my mother would always tell me how good we had it. We would never know what my mom and her 7 siblings had been through. She was right and when I finally put two and two together, I told her, well, we’ll never know because we didn’t live through it and because you don’t tell us about it. So she started telling us why we had it so good. Later I understood why my mother and her siblings were raised the way they were because I listened to my grandmother, and even then, I came to understand my mother better because I had a feel for what she experienced.
This later emerged into something I liked to call my “spidey senses” because I learned to understand individuals based on their experiences. From this, I could understand why people acted the way they did and in a way I was putting myself in their shoes. I realized later that a lot of people didn’t think this way.
I also challenged my mother. I know that. I wasn’t the easiest kid to deal with because I didn’t necessarily ask for permission and I am incredibly independent and stubborn. When I started to get exposed to things outside of my realm in high school, we would get into the roughest of arguments all over one topic: Religion. I was learning about atheist philosophers and questioning life’s meaning. Who was right? Who was wrong? Why not ask questions?
My mother fought me back and said, “I have faith because I was taught to believe, not question.” She wanted me to do the same, but instead I chose to question everything. I didn’t understand accepting things as they were and sometimes I still don’t as someone who’s open to different theories and philosophies. My mother isn’t like me in that regard, but those are her morals and values and I have to respect that. I get upset sometimes that she may not understand (and may not want to), which is how she taught me the importance of doing just that.
Hard work and merit live above and beyond favors. Oh the irony in being a Chicagoan! Mom always taught me to do things myself. If I wanted a job, I had to search for one. If I wanted an internship, I could ask around and look for resources. She hardly ever helped or did any of that for me. She never asked her bosses for favor or did she have me work in her office. She let me do my own thing because I was going to meet people and build my own network. Now, maybe she just thought that I wanted to do something different from work in a law firm, but a little introduction would’ve gone a long way! Nevertheless, I realized that I could go out and do it on my own and I learned the power of my will and motivation. Not to mention, the thrill of completing or executing a project because of the work I put into it.
The moment I realized that it was true was when she told me that a former boss of hers was writing letters to his friends on his son’s behalf. “Can you believe that?” Yes, mom because a lot of people I knew had their parents do that for them. But not my mother. She was going to make me work for what I wanted– and so far, I have and the reward is very, very sweet.
Follow Through. Oh, man. This is one of my favorites. It came in handy when I played basketball, too. When I was in grammar school, I was in numerous activities. In my younger years, that included choir and band. After about 3 months in choir, my friends wanted to quit and did because their parents let them. I couldn’t. My mother told me, “You wanted to do this, you committed to it and you will finish the year.” What a drag!
When my friends all got tired of band and they quit, I told my mom I wanted to quit, too. “Why?” I had no good reason! And that’s when I heard, “If your friends jump off a bridge, are you going to, too?” Fine. So I stayed.
Needless to say, I got used to finishing what I started and I learned to keep my word. I really learned how to see things through because I knew that it would bring me a feeling of accomplishment in the end. Although I did quit the choir, I played flute all through high school and am really glad that I did.
Be humble. Keep striving. My mom always showed us that you shouldn’t brag about things. She taught us that we shouldn’t let good things inflate our ego. This has probably stayed with me and built a foundation in me, creating the person that I am today. I’ve realized that even if I talk about myself, it could be used to inspire or work with others — not making it about me. I’ve always strived for more.
Four years ago now, when EXPO Collective put on its first art fest, I couldn’t appreciate how wonderful it really was. I can now. But back then, I just thought– there’s more to be done. This isn’t the last of it. I could never really gloat or brag about things because for me, those things were not the end– they weren’t worth the brag. Instead, my mission was to continue the art fest year after year and try to benefit as many people as I could along the way because everything I was doing was a means to an end.
Gender what? Gender roles existed only in tradition in my house. As a Latina, (and if you’re Latinx, you’d understand) I was taught that girls were nice and pretty growing up. We didn’t use bad words, we were supposed to serve our fathers and we were supposed to stay home. Yeah, not me. I rebelled hardcore.
“Would you treat me different if I was a boy?” I asked my parents once. Yes, they said. It wasn’t fair and I told them so. They were going to treat me like a nice little girl because I didn’t have a penis, yet I could play basketball, softball and be a tomboy climbing trees and getting dirty. I understand now that they wanted to protect me and that’s the way they knew how, but I saw it as a reason to empower myself. I knew I was as strong (mentally) as any boy, and that I could do what I wanted.
My mother did tell me that I could do what I wanted and she definitely has a privileged mind-set, not letting anything stop her from doing what she needs to do, but after thinking about it you could understand the conflict that she felt.
Growing up in a traditional Mexican household versus growing up in the states where we were told we could live the American dream was one big conflict. My mom and aunts stood up for me when my grandmother insisted that I serve my father and boyfriends. They told her that I should be able to go out because that’s what life was about. They told her not to worry about me being a callejera or that I was out with friends, though they probably worried themselves. I remember when my grandmother asked how I was supposed to get married if I didn’t just settle down and stop traveling so much or wanting to do such big things. My mom told her that I’d find someone who wouldn’t mind and would go with me (and I found him). They all didn’t want me growing up that way, they said.
As I got older, I noticed that my dad was home with us usually after school and he would cook for us. My mom even complained once that his rice was better than hers. There was no role to be played in the house based on gender with my parents. They were a team and still are. I learned then that my dad would probably always be physically stronger than my mother, but we wouldn’t be where we are today without her motivation of our education, passion for learning and stubbornness.
Of course, I owe that to my father as well, for not being a machista and thinking progressively about women’s roles (especially since he was surrounded by us all the time), among other things like having faith in his daughters. As much as I think my father would have liked a boy, I tried my best to play the role. ;p
But what makes me believe of my father as a feminist and progressive is that he’s even said it: we wouldn’t be where we are without my mom.
And that’s pretty dope.
education, experiences, knowledge, learnings, lessons
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SAVE CHRISTIANS, SAVE CHRISTIANITY, SAVE SYRIA, SAYS ALEPPO BISHOP
Posted in Aleppo, Chaldean Bishop, Sweden, Syria by Joan Lewis
The Chaldean Catholic Bishop of Aleppo, Syria, Bishop Antoine Audo, was present in Malmo, Sweden, for the one-day event with Catholics and Lutherans that marked the start of the 500th anniversary of the Protestant Reformation.
Bishop Audo, who is head of Caritas Syria, addressed the gathering Monday and made a heartfelt appeal for his fellow Christians, for Christianity and for “our beloved Syria” in the presence of the Holy Father. Pope Francis arrived Sweden late Monday morning to join Lutherans in commemorating this anniversary.
Bishop Audo began his touching, moving testimonial by telling the faithful that, “almost all of the hospitals have been destroyed and 80% of the doctors have left Aleppo. In Syria, 3 million children no longer go to school. Physical and moral exhaustion has touched everyone, especially the poorest and among them, children and adolescents and the elderly.”
The Chaldean prelate added that, “our greatest sadness is seeing the rich and marvelous Christianity of this land is disappearing. He appealed to “the Christians of the world, Muslims of the East and West and all people of good will: Do not allow our beloved Syria to be destroyed and fragmented.”
The bishop also announced that, “Become Christians Together” is the motto of Christian humanitarian work in Syria, adding that that work “is focusing on how serving Christ must include serving others, especially the poorest and most needy.”
Immediately after his testimony, Bishop Munib Younan of the Evangelical Lutheran Church in Jordan and the Holy Land, and President of the Lutheran World Federation, and Cardinal Kurt Koch, head of the Pontifical Council for Promoting Christian Unity, read in Arabic and in English a prayer for Syria and Iraq. “May the Lord of history change hearts,” “may peace can be stabilized among nations on the basis of justice and human rights,” and “may the spirit of peace descend on the peoples of Syria, Iraq and the Middle East.”
THE SIX NEW BEATITUDES OF POPE FRANCIS – BE SALT AND LIGHT: EXPRESS FAITH IN PRAYER, SACRAMENTS AND SERVICE TO THE SUFFERING
Posted in Angelus, Beatitudes, Homily, Papal Trip, Sweden by Joan Lewis
THE SIX NEW BEATITUDES OF POPE FRANCIS
In his homily this morning at Mass for the small Catholic population of Sweden, Pope Francis focussed on the Beatitudes as recounted in the day’s Gospel according to Matthew, and added some “new” Beatitudes of his own.
In what was the final event of his overnight stay in southern Sweden to mark the start of the 500th anniversary of the Protestant Reformation, the Holy Father celebrated Mass under gray skies and very chilly temperatures in a stadium in Malmo, where the faithful included Catholics from other Nordic countries as well as Filippino immigrants who work in these nations. (photo: news.va)
“The Beatitudes,” said Francis, “are the image of Christ and consequently of each Christian. Here I would like to mention only one: ‘Blessed are the meek’. Jesus says of himself: ‘Learn from me for I am meek and lowly in heart’. This is his spiritual portrait and it reveals the abundance of his love. Meekness is a way of living and acting that draws us close to Jesus and to one another. It enables us to set aside everything that divides and estranges us, and to find ever new ways to advance along the path of unity.
He explained that “the Beatitudes are in some sense the Christian’s identity card. They identify us as followers of Jesus. We are called to be blessed, to be followers of Jesus, to confront the troubles and anxieties of our age with the spirit and love of Jesus. Thus we ought to be able to recognize and respond to new situations with fresh spiritual energy.”
Pope Francis then created his own list of six Beatitudes: “Blessed are those who remain faithful while enduring evils inflicted on them by others, and forgive them from their heart. Blessed are those who look into the eyes of the abandoned and marginalized, and show them their closeness. Blessed are those who see God in every person, and strive to make others also discover him. Blessed are those who protect and care for our common home. Blessed are those who renounce their own comfort in order to help others. Blessed are those who pray and work for full communion between Christians. All these are messengers of God’s mercy and tenderness, and surely they will receive from him their merited reward.”
Pope Francis’ homily was quite beautiful, encouraging all of us aim high, as the saints did, and to remember that today’s Solemnity of All Saints, is a “celebration of holiness. A holiness that is seen not so much in great deeds and extraordinary events, but rather in daily fidelity to the demands of our baptism. A holiness that consists in the love of God and the love of our brothers and sisters. A love that remains faithful to the point of self-renunciation and complete devotion to others.”
Click here for that full homily: http://www.news.va/en/news/pope-celebrates-mass-at-malmo
BE SALT AND LIGHT: EXPRESS FAITH IN PRAYER, SACRAMENTS AND SERVICE TO THE SUFFERING
Following Mass in the Malmo stadium Tuesday, Solemnity of All Saints, Pope Francis had a message for the faithful before reciting the Angelus. Thanking God for his visit, Francis said, “As Catholics, we are part of a great family and are sustained in the same communion. I encourage you to express your faith in prayer, in the sacraments, and in generous service to those who are suffering and in need. I urge you to be salt and light, wherever you find yourselves, through the way you live and act as followers of Jesus, and to show great respect and solidarity with our brothers and sisters of other churches and Christian communities, and with all people of good will.” (photo news.va)
The Pope noted that, “In our life, we are not alone; we have the constant help and companionship of the Virgin Mary. Today she stands before us as first among the saints, the first disciple of the Lord. We flee to her protection and to her we present our sorrows and our joys, our fears and our aspirations. We put everything under her protection, in the sure knowledge that she watches over us and cares for us with a mother’s love.
Francis asked those present to keep him in their prayers, adding, “I keep you all very present in my own. Now, together, let us turn to Our Lady and pray the Angelus.”
Earlier the Pope expressed his “gratitude to Bishop Anders Arborelius of Stockholm for his kind words, and to the civil authorities and all who helped in the planning and execution of this visit.” He also greeted the president and the secretary general of the Lutheran World Federation, the archbishop of the Church of Sweden, members of the ecumenical delegations and the diplomatic corps present for the occasion.
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