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https://www.mysanantonio.com/opinion/commentary/article/Current-border-anxiety-has-roots-in-13692675.php
Current border anxiety has roots in Mexican-American War
By José Antonio López, For the Express-News
Published 12:00 am CDT, Saturday, March 16, 2019
Mexico’s soldiers escort the bones of national heroes to the “Castle of Chapultepec” in Mexico City, May 30, 2010. In a somber military ceremony, Mexico’s President Felipe Calderon escorted skulls and bones believed to be the remains of 12 independence heroes from crypts under a downtown monument to a historic hilltop castle.
Mexico’s soldiers escort the bones of national heroes to the “Castle of Chapultepec” in Mexico City, May 30, 2010. In a somber military ceremony, Mexico’s President Felipe Calderon escorted skulls and
Photo: Claudio Cruz /AP
For most of the past three years, immigration has taken the lion’s share of the news. There’s one primary reason: Anti-immigration border wall coverage on TV is constant.
Certain politicians and news personalities even used it as their tool of choice during the 2018 midterm elections. By maintaining the assault, they stoke a volatile firestorm of fearmongering they created precisely for political purposes.
As lateral targets, U.S. citizens of Mexican-descent suffer, as well. They are increasingly objects of bigotry just because they exercise their First Amendment right to speak Spanish — as two vacationing women experienced in Montana last year when their conversation in a convenience store a led to their detention by a Customs and Border Protection agent.
Not surprisingly, mainstream society is just as misinformed about immigration as they are about early (pre-1836) Texas history. The two issues are related.
Maintaining a rigid intolerant stance, self-described white nativists are quick to employ two primary themes in condemning today’s immigrants: “Respect U.S. national borders,” and “U.S. sovereignty is sacred.”
The truth is that violating borders and disrespecting the sovereignty of other countries are main features of our national makeup. The U.S. violated those two noble principles by seizing more than half of Mexican-sovereign territory.
By invading Mexico, the U.S. placed the present U.S.-Mexico border in the middle of Old Mexico, single-handedly producing the current dilemma on our southern border.
The U.S. looks as it does today because of President James K. Polk’s ploy, the U.S.-Mexico war of 1846-48. Extracting harsh terms for ending the war, the U.S. unilaterally moved Texas’ southern border from the Nueces River to the Rio Grande, separating Texas and South Texas — then the northern part of the state of Tamaulipas — from Mexico, but also subsuming present-day New Mexico, Arizona, California, Colorado, parts of Utah and Nevada, and the surrounding region all the way to the Canadian border.
Fifty years later, in 1898, the U.S. again violated another country’s sovereignty by invading the Hawaiian Islands. Unfairly consuming the islands and adding them to its empire, the U.S. deposed Queen Lili’uokalani, the sovereign head of Hawaii.
To this day, her descendants and Native Hawaiians oppose the U.S. occupation of their land.
As for the current debate over our border with Mexico, consider the following situation: Imagine you live in a home you built on a large tract of land that’s been in your family for many years. For some time now, you’ve noticed your next-door neighbor disregarding the fence boundary. You watch as he and his family and friends make themselves at home in your backyard.
You wait, hoping your neighbors come to their senses and realize they’re trespassing. Instead, you are surprised when your neighbor knocks on your door and demands that you move your back fence closer to your house.
Of course, you protest and are compelled to fight back. Sadly, the neighbor is better armed, and you lose the fight. Worse, under duress you are forced to give the invader more than half your land.
In “The Mexican-American War of 1846-1848 (A Deceitful Smoke Screen),” author Humberto Garza presents a well-researched account of the deliberate steps that Polk took to fulfill his expansionist ambitions. Specifically, sending the military and armed agents to bully Mexico into a shooting war.
So, what does mainstream U.S. history say about this violent encounter? Well, first it insists that it was all Mexico’s fault. That may be why mainstream historians sometimes refer to the U.S.-Mexico War as the “Mexican War,” thereby disowning any U.S. responsibility.
Second, in winning the war, the U.S. version of history has an Anglo Saxon narrative. That’s because conventional U.S. historians have traditionally hidden the heavyhandedness of the “Colossus of the North” in its adverse acquisition of Mexico’s sovereign land.
According to Polk, the U.S. was defending itself because Mexican soldiers killed U.S. soldiers on U.S. soil (in Texas). That refers to an incident in which a U.S. military unit crossed the Nueces River into the state of Tamaulipas. Warned to leave Mexico, the Anglo trespassers refused. They were then defeated in battle.
Polk planned this event, was waiting for it and used it to his advantage. Using the ruse to agitate his pro-war supporters, Congress expansionists quickly approved funds to conduct Polk’s war of aggression.
Sadly, although Mexican troops honorably and heroically defended their sovereign soil, they were overwhelmed by the U.S. invaders.
In reconsidering the events, not only is the starting point for the war flawed, but the entire foundation was built within a fog of lies. For one thing, Polk’s staged clash was geographically untrue. The incident took place in northern Tamaulipas, not Texas.
Not all national leaders supported Polk’s land grab. Speaking for integrity, Congressman Abraham Lincoln helped write an amendment to a House resolution declaring that the war with Mexico was “a war unnecessarily and unconstitutionally begun by the President of the United States.”
Lincoln also challenged Polk to provide not only convincing proof of the serious charges but also the exact location where the incident had taken place. Following is Lincoln’s assessment:
“But, if he (Polk) cannot or will not do this (prove the Texas claim to the Rio Grande border) — if on any pretense or no pretense he shall refuse or omit it — then I shall be fully convinced of what I more than suspect already — that he is deeply conscious of being in the wrong; that he feels the blood of this war, like the blood of Abel, is crying to heaven against him.”
Despite Lincoln’s astute appeal, the president refused to budge. That’s because Polk was obsessed with delivering his major campaign promise to his base: U.S. expansion to the Pacific Ocean at the expense of the sovereign Republic of Mexico.
Polk had long planned to provoke Mexico by admitting Texas into the union as a slave state; taking advantage of Mexico’s chaotic political instability; supporting a small group of Anglo immigrants’ revolt in California; and plotting with other expansionists to coerce Mexico into selling New Mexico to the U.S.
History records that his devious plan worked.
Knowledge feeds understanding; intolerance breeds ignorance. My sincere expectation is that this article serves to counteract today’s narrow-minded argument regarding U.S. borders and sovereignty.
In that regard, it is fitting to end with the words of Gen. Ulysses S. Grant, the 18th president of the United States. He wrote these words to explain his regret for being involved in the war and to expose U.S. contempt for Mexico’s borders and sovereignty:
“For myself, I was bitterly opposed to the measure, and to this day, regard the war with Mexico, which resulted, as one of the most unjust ever waged by a stronger against a weaker nation. It was an instance of a republic following the bad example of European monarchies, in not considering justice in their desire to acquire additional territory.”
José “Joe” Antonio López was born and raised in Laredo and is an Air Force veteran. He lives in Universal City. His latest book is “Preserving Early Texas History (Essays of an Eighth-Generation South Texan), Volume 2”. Lopez is also the founder of the Tejano Learning Center and www.tejanosunidos.org, a website dedicated to Spanish-Mexican people and events in U.S. history that are mostly overlooked in mainstream history books.
This commentary first appeared in the Rio Grande Guardian International News Service.
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JOINT MEDIA RELEASE: New Framework to build resilience to climate change...
JOINT MEDIA RELEASE: New Framework to build resilience to climate change and disasters in the Pacific Islands
Pacific Leaders’ endorsement of the The Framework for Resilient Development in the Pacific (FRDP), the world’s first integrated regional framework to build resilience to climate change and disasters, has been applauded by Pacific regional and international organisations.
The Framework aims to ensure that climate change and disasters are understood as a development challenge with priority actions to address vulnerability to climate change and disasters and build resilience across all sectors.
The FRDP provides high level voluntary guidance to national governments and administrations, the private sector, civil society organisations, Pacific communities, regional organisations, and development partners.
The FRDP advocates for the adoption of integrated approaches, whenever possible, for addressing climate change and disaster risks, in order to make more efficient use of resources, to rationalise multiple sources of funding, and for more effective mainstreaming of risks into development planning and budgets.
The Framework is closely aligned to implementing global agreements such as the Paris Agreement, the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction and the Sustainable Development Goals to help build a more sustainable and safer region.
A new Pacific Resilience Partnership (PRP) will coordinate cooperation as well as implement and monitor the FRDP. The Pacific Island Forum Leaders approved a Working Group to establish the structure of the Partnership.
The FRDP was developed in response to recommendations from the Pacific Platform for Disaster Risk Management and Pacific Climate Change Roundtable in 2011 and endorsed by the Pacific Island Forum Leaders in 2012. An extensive and inclusive consultation process was undertaken over the last three years with Pacific Island countries and territories (PICTs). Input was also received via regional meetings, sector dialogues and an online tool that drew submissions from around the world.
The development of the FRDP was supported by a Steering Committee comprising of representatives from PICTs, civil society and the private sector. A Technical Working Group provided technical advice and support to this process and comprises representatives from the Pacific Community (SPC), the Secretariat of the Pacific Regional Environment Programme (SPREP), Pacific Island Forum Secretariat (PIFS), United Nations Office of Disaster Risk Reduction (UNISDR), United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), and the University of the South Pacific (USP).
The development of the FRDP has been supported with funding from various sources including: the European Union through the Building Safety and Resilience in the Pacific (BSRP) project and Global Climate Change Alliance (GCCA); the Australian Government (DFAT) through the International Climate Change Initiative (ICCAI) and funding for SPREP and SPC; the Government of Sweden support for the Pacific Climate Change Roundtable through SPREP; and United States Agency for International Development (USAID) through the USAID Institutional Strengthening in Pacific Island Countries to Adapt to Climate Change (ISACC) project.
The Framework for Resilient Development in the Pacific: An Integrated Approach to Address Climate Change and Disaster Risk Management (FRDP) was endorsed by Leaders during the 47th Pacific Island Forum meeting in the Federated States of Micronesia.
For more information please see:
http://gsd.spc.int/frdp/
Clare White SPC Policy Adviser, Climate Change and DRM, +679 9165794. clarew@spc.int
Nanette Woonton SPREP Communication Officer +685 21929 nanettew@sprep.org
Jordie Kilby Communications Adviser, Pacific Islands Forum Secretariat, jordiek@forumsec.org
Meteorology and Weather
New Framework to build resilience to climate change and disasters in the Pacific Islands
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The 8 Healthiest Fermented Foods To Reduce Inflammation & Boost Your Mood
By Heather Mayer Irvine
Image by Mariela Naplatanova / Stocksy
It's probably not news to you that consuming good bacteria—aka probiotics—can improve gut health. But these beneficial bugs have been linked to so much more than just better digestion.
"Optimizing your gut with probiotics can...also help boost your mood and energy levels, reduce inflammation, and support a healthy immune system," says Ali Miller, R.D., L.D., CDE, author of The Anti-Anxiety Diet. In fact, a large portion (around 80 percent) of your body's immune tissue is located in the digestive tract, so it's heavily influenced by the bacteria living there.
But what's the best way to consume probiotics? While supplements are readily available, many fermented foods are potent natural sources of probiotics. And when you eat these fermented foods, a variety of other beneficial nutrients often go along with them. In fact, like probiotics, the acidic by-products of fermentation also assist in digestion but in a different way—by promoting the breakdown of the micronutrients and macronutrients in our diets (including lactose), which can help reduce bloating and cramps.
Here, learn why fermented foods are so beneficial and which pack the biggest probiotic punch.
What are fermented foods?
Fermented foods are created through, well, fermentation—a process in which components of foods, like the natural sugars, are broken down by yeast and bacteria into other beneficial substances. The end result is a food that's chock-full of probiotics (that good bacteria we talked about) and a variety of other nutrients.
Side note: There are different types of fermentation, including wild fermentation, lacto-fermentation, and culturing. Wild fermentation happens when microbes naturally found in foods or the air kick-start the process, lacto-fermentation is a variant of wild fermentation that's characterized by the presence of Lactobacillus bacteria (which is found on most produce, including the cabbage used to make sauerkraut), and culturing generally means a microbial starter was added to initiate the fermentation process.
But before you read on for our favorite fermented foods, it's important to understand that if you haven't been eating them already, you need to introduce them slowly, says Miller. Probiotic foods are powerful and can cause some GI distress if you go from zero to 60 too quickly.
The healthiest fermented foods.
Kombucha, which is made from a SCOBY (symbiotic colony of bacteria and yeast) mixed with sweetened black or green tea, has been around for more than 2,000 years—and for good reason. During kombucha's fermentation process, the SCOBY eats away at the sugars in the tea mixture, producing natural organic acids, B vitamins, and probiotic bacteria as a result.
"Kombucha is a unique probiotic food because of its SCOBY culture," says Miller. "Its SCOBY includes saccharomyces boulardii, which has many benefits for digestion and dermatitis."
While experts agree that there need to be more studies on humans to determine the health benefits of kombucha, some research suggests that other components of kombucha, like the polyphenol compounds from tea, are linked to a variety of health benefits, including reduced cholesterol levels, decreased blood sugar levels, reduced rates of some cancers, and improved liver and GI functions. Kombucha is also high in glucaric acid, which provides important support for detoxification.
It's important to consume kombucha in moderation, however. The Centers for Disease Control recommends 4 ounces one to three times a day, so not more than 12 ounces a day. It also shouldn't be your main probiotic source. "If you're counting on kombucha to repopulate your gut with beneficial bacteria, I think it's necessary to upgrade your fermented food regimen," Ellen Vora, M.D., holistic psychiatrist, told mbg. "Add A-list ferments like sauerkraut and kimchi along with starchy tubers like sweet potato to really shift your gut flora."
2. Kimchi
This Korean favorite is one of the best sources of probiotics and thus a great way to boost overall gut health. Kimchi is made by fermenting vegetables, specifically cabbage, with probiotic lactic acid bacteria. While there are many bacteria that assist in the fermentation process, lactic acid bacteria is a key player.
Topping your sandwich or Korean barbecue with this flavorful fermented cabbage may lead to health benefits, including weight loss, reduced risk of metabolic syndrome, decreased inflammation, and even the possible prevention of cancer growth. The best part? Making homemade kimchi is way easier than you think.
3. Kefir
Kefir is basically yogurt's thinner, tangier cousin. It's typically made by fermenting milk using kefir grains, which are cultures of bacteria and yeast held together by a polysaccharide produced by the beneficial bacteria Lactobacillus higarii.
"Kefir has a larger variety of beneficial probiotics compared to yogurt, so this will help promote healthy digestion and microbiome health," William Cole, D.C., IFMCP, functional nutrition expert, told mbg. It also contains B vitamins, vitamin K2, and tryptophan—an essential amino acid that's a precursor to mood-stabilizing serotonin.
Because of kefir's strong tangy taste, many brands add a lot of sugar, which can offset some of the health benefits. Always go for a plain, unsweetened kefir, and consider flavoring it yourself with a few dashes of cinnamon or by blending it up with some berries.
Image by Duet Postscriptum / Stocksy
The 7-Day Gut Reset
With Dr. Amy Shah
4. Lacto-fermented pickles + other vegetables
Pickling and fermenting are sometimes confused with each other. Let's set the record straight: Both processes are ways to preserve food. However, the pickling process preserves a food in a brine (salt or salty water) or an acid such as vinegar, while the fermentation process preserves a food with bacteria.
So, how are pickled vegetables (and sometimes fruits) sometimes a good source of probiotics that boost gut health and digestion? Because some pickled vegetables are also fermented, like sauerkraut and lacto-fermented pickles, both of which can be made through the process of lactic acid fermentation.
When choosing pickled, fermented vegetables, always make sure the jar or packaging says "raw and unpasteurized," or "lacto-fermented." That way, you know the beneficial bugs are still alive and kicking, and ready to populate your gut.
5. Sauerkraut
In addition to its digestive health benefits, this classic lacto-fermented sandwich topper is a great source of fiber (which feeds beneficial probiotic bacteria in the gut and keeps your digestive system running smoothly) along with immune-boosting vitamin C and bone-building vitamin K.
Be sure to look for freshly made sauerkraut that's labeled "raw and unpasteurized" (it will be in the refrigerated section) and not canned varieties—the pasteurization process that canned sauerkraut goes through kills off much of its beneficial bacteria. Better yet? Whipping up this homemade sauerkraut recipe is surprisingly simple.
6. Miso
Miso is a prominent ingredient in Asian cuisines for its savory umami flavor. It's also a source of iron, calcium, potassium, B vitamins, and complete protein. Because miso is fermented, it contains plenty of beneficial probiotic bacteria, too, including a strain of bacteria that's been linked to a reduction in symptoms of digestive issues like inflammatory bowel disease. But you have to be careful how you use it. When cooking with miso, add it to hot recipes toward the end of the cooking process so you don't boil off all those beneficial bugs. (Not into miso soup? Try one of these 9 recipes featuring miso paste.)
7. Tempeh
Like miso, tempeh comes from fermented soybeans. It's an excellent source of complete protein, which is crucial for muscle growth and repair. Tempeh is a favorite source of protein among plant-based dieters not only because of its nutritional profile but due to its ability to take on the flavor of whatever it's cooked with—much like tofu (but tofu isn't fermented). Tempeh may also help improve bone strength, reduce inflammation, and reduce cholesterol levels.
Even better, soy foods of all varieties contain omega-3 fatty acids, which can reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease and improve brain health. And soy's isoflavone phytochemicals may help prevent postmenopausal bone loss and some cancers.
Not sure how to cook with tempeh? Try this drool-worthy, takeout-style sesame tempeh with brown rice and broccoli.
8. Yogurt
It's hard to go wrong with yogurt (unless you choose a sugar-loaded flavored variety). And like kefir, yogurt has been fermented with lactic acid bacteria, making it another excellent gut-friendly food choice. In fact, research has found that yogurt can increase the number of good bacteria strains in the gut. Why that's good? Research has also found that having fewer strains of good bacteria may increase the risk of certain illnesses, including type 2 diabetes, obesity, irritable bowel syndrome, and chronic inflammatory diseases.
Yogurt is also high in protein—Greek yogurt can have 18 to 20 grams per serving—and calcium, which makes it a wise choice for maintaining balanced blood sugar and boosting bone health.
#digestion #probiotics #superfoods
Heather Mayer Irvine
Heather Mayer Irvine is the author of The Runner's World Vegetarian Cookbook (2018) and the former food and nutrition editor at Runner's World. Her work has appeared in national...
Chia Seeds: Benefits, Recipes, How To Eat Them & More
https://www.mindbodygreen.com/articles/best-fermented-foods-list
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Medicine and the law
Sharp v Port Kembla RSL Club: establishing causation of laryngeal cancer by environmental tobacco smoke
Bernard W Stewart and Peter C B Semmler
Published online: 4 February 2002
A New South Wales Supreme Court jury has decided that environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) can cause or materially contribute to the development of laryngeal cancer.
Evidence presented that ETS may cause or materially contribute to laryngeal cancer included the molecular genetics of tobacco-smoke-induced carcinogenesis, and two relevant epidemiological studies.
The plaintiff's exposure to ETS was established indirectly, on the basis of occupational history involving work as a bar attendant in licensed premises.
The jury's decision seems likely to encourage other "passive smoking" cases, and may result in measures to reduce occupational exposure to ETS.
In a recent decision of the Supreme Court of New South Wales, Sharp v Port Kembla RSL Club Ltd, an employee recovered damages from her employer on the basis that exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) in the course of her employment caused, or materially contributed to, the development of laryngeal cancer (see Box 1 for the plaintiff's occupational and clinical history). The plaintiff had brought her claim against two employers; one claim was settled out of court and the other proceeded. The decision is noteworthy not so much because it extends medicolegal recognition of cancer causation by ETS beyond the lung, but because of the kind of evidence presented to prove causation.
The case was decided by a jury and, as in all jury cases, no reasons for the decision were given. Thus, it is impossible to determine which parts of the evidence influenced the jury's decision. It may be, for example, that they preferred the evidence of the experts called by the plaintiff simply because they found them to be more believable than the other experts. The credibility of two American scientific witnesses called in the defence case came under attack by reason of their association with the tobacco industry.1
Nevertheless, the trial judge (whose role was to decide issues of law in the case, leaving issues of fact — including what caused the cancer — to the jury) gave the jury detailed directions over more than two days as to the way in which they were obliged by the law to assess the evidence on causation.
Having heard that summing up, the jury decided that the plaintiff's cancer was caused, or materially contributed to, by the negligence of her employer. For our discussion of the medical issues in the case we have assumed, as the law assumes, that the jury's answer to the causation question properly reflects the directions by the judge as to how causation must be determined according to law.
The law's requirement for proof of causation
To succeed in her claim for damages, the plaintiff had to prove, on the balance of probabilities, a causal connection in the legal sense between her exposure to ETS and her laryngeal cancer. The plaintiff did not have to prove that her cancer was caused solely by the defendant's wrongful conduct; it was sufficient to show that such conduct materially contributed to her injuries. A contribution is regarded as "material" for legal purposes if it is more than minimal, trivial or insignificant.
As was recently emphasised by the NSW Court of Appeal,2 the legal concept of causation requires the court to approach the matter in a manner distinctly different from that of philosophy or science, including the science of epidemiology.
In the realm of negligence, the High Court of Australia has determined that causation is essentially a question of fact, to be determined as a matter of common sense.3,4 This commonsense approach can be quite different to a scientist's approach. An inference of causation for the law's purposes may well be drawn when a scientist, including an epidemiologist, would not draw such an inference.5
In philosophy and science, the concept of causation has been developed in the context of explaining phenomena by reference to the relationship between conditions and occurrences. In law, problems of causation arise in the context of ascertaining and apportioning legal responsibility for a given occurrence.6 In some cases, medical science cannot determine the existence of a causal relationship. However, for the purpose of attributing legal responsibility, a causal relationship might still be found to exist.
Accordingly, when the aetiology of disease is uncertain, the courts can decide as to causation on the balance of probabilities. Nevertheless, this common-law test is not satisfied by evidence which establishes only a possibility. Epidemiology is concerned with human populations, not individual circumstances. Therefore, in determining whether exposure to a particular substance is the legal cause of disease in a particular plaintiff, epidemiology only provides evidence of possibility.7
However, causation can be established in court by a process of inference that combines primary facts like "strands in a cable". An inference as to probabilities may be drawn from a number of pieces of evidence, each of which does not rise above the level of possibility.8 Epidemiological studies and expert evidence based upon such studies can form the strands in the cable of a circumstantial case.
In the Sharp case, because of the rarity of this kind of cancer, the epidemiological strands of the cable were tenuous. The trial judge instructed the jury on the issue inter alia as follows:
The epidemiology may prove useful to you, but you have heard how the scientists approach those studies and how many studies may be required before the scientists are able to say that the issue has been proved. [Sharp, summing up, p 21]
However, when combined with evidence of the current understanding of the molecular mechanisms by which the disease develops, the cable of causation became sufficiently strong for the law's purposes; the totality of the evidence showed a connection which was close enough to justify the jury's conclusion that the possible was the actual cause.
As the judge went on to direct the jury:
You must have regard to all of the evidence, the opinions for and against, which includes the clinicians and the scientists. It is open to you to determine the issue in favour of the plaintiff or the second defendant, even if the epidemiological evidence does not confirm that outcome. [Sharp, summing up, p 21]
Case for the plaintiff
Cancer in an individual is attributable to the impact of a particular agent or environment upon determination of two issues:
that the agent or environment presents a carcinogenic hazard to humans, and (if so)
that the individual in question was exposed to the carcinogenic hazard in such circumstances as may result in the development of the malignancy.
Thus, the first issue is whether ETS causes laryngeal cancer. In addition to lung cancer, smoking causes cancer of the larynx, pharynx, oral cavity, oesophagus, kidney, bladder and pancreas.9 Other malignancies associated with smoking include stomach cancer, cervical cancer and leukaemia.10 Of all the types caused by smoking, laryngeal cancer appears to exhibit the highest attributable risk. In Australia, 83% of laryngeal cancer in men and 78% in women is attributable to active smoking11 and similar figures have been consistently reported worldwide.12
In the Sharp case, the epidemiological evidence was augmented by an explanation of the current understanding of carcinogenesis. The argument was predicated on biological mechanisms responsible for malignant transformation and the consideration that tobacco smoke is known to be carcinogenic via processes now understood at the molecular level (Box 2).13-15
Thus, cancer induced by genotoxic carcinogens is a consequence of critical changes in gene structure and expression. One corollary of this understanding is that there is no level of exposure below which an increased risk of cancer cannot be anticipated (the "no safe dose" principle16). As it is established that cigarette smoke is carcinogenic for humans, the molecular genetic data suggest that inhalation of tobacco smoke presents a carcinogenic hazard irrespective of the amount inhaled. Exposure to ETS results in inhalation of a lesser amount of smoke than is inhaled by a smoker.17 A large body of epidemiological evidence, and its evaluation, has provided confirmation of the expected increased risk of lung cancer among non-smokers who share breathing space with smokers at home and/or at work.18
On the same basis, ETS is reasonably expected to cause laryngeal cancer, although the risk can be expected to be less than that for a smoker.17 Moreover, as there are fewer laryngeal cancers in comparison with lung cancers among smokers, the number of cases of laryngeal cancer caused by ETS will be small. Accordingly, quantification of the risk by epidemiology is difficult. Funding for such studies may be difficult to obtain for this reason and because no additional data are necessary to justify public health measures to reduce exposure to ETS.
Nevertheless, the impact of ETS has been investigated in squamous-cell carcinoma of the head and neck (HNSCC), which includes the larynx. In 1997, a retrospective analysis comparing 59 non-smoking HNSCC patients with matched non-HNSCC non-smoking control subjects showed that the HNSCC patients had a significantly higher risk of ETS exposure both in the home and workplace.19 Subsequently, a study of 173 HNSCC patients and 176 cancer-free controls returned a crude odds ratio for ETS exposure of 2.4 (95% CI, 0.9–6.8) after controlling for age, sex, race, education, alcohol consumption and other variables. Dose response was evident after categorisation to either moderate (crude OR, 1.8) or heavy (crude OR, 4.3) ETS exposure.20
Therefore, a relationship between exposure to ETS and increased risk of head and neck cancer, anticipated on the basis of the carcinogenicity of ETS and the susceptibility of the upper respiratory tract to this carcinogen, is supported by the available epidemiology.21,22
On the issue of whether the plaintiff was exposed to sufficient ETS to cause cancer, the evidence was indirect. Direct evidence of such exposure is exemplified by the presence of nicotine metabolites in urine.23 Indirect evidence is provided by the occupational history (Box 1). Levels of tobacco-derived pollutants have been measured in various indoor spaces. Typical amounts of particulate matter are < 120 µg/m3 in aircraft, 130–960 µg/m3 in workrooms and 233–986 µg/m3 in taverns.12 The plaintiff was exposed to ETS as a bar attendant in a hotel between 1972 and 1984, and between 1984 and 1995 in a licensed club.
The plaintiff and other employees and patrons of the club gave evidence of their observations of a high level of ETS in the plaintiff's workplace. There was no evidence before the jury of comparable, consistent exposure of the plaintiff to ETS anywhere else. Accordingly, it was submitted to the jury that the more than 11 years of employment at the club in a bar room situation provided the necessary duration and intensity of exposure for it to be concluded that ETS materially contributed to the development of her malignancy.
Arguments of the defence
Apart from denying that there was sufficient ETS at the club to cause cancer, the principal defence was that the plaintiff's malignancy was not correctly categorised as "laryngeal". Rather, it was contended that it was "oro-pharyngeal". It was therefore suggested that epidemiological evidence regarding the association between laryngeal cancer and cigarette smoke was irrelevant. Alternatively, if the tumour were indeed "laryngeal", other risk factors which could be established from the plaintiff's history provided a more likely explanation for carcinogenesis and/or reduced confidence that the disease resulted from the effects of ETS.
Characterisation of the neoplasm as "laryngeal" cancer was disputed on anatomical grounds. The tumour was described as a squamous-cell carcinoma of the base of the tongue with extension into the base of the epiglottis and the right epiglottic vallecula. Differences between the epithelia at various sites in the upper respiratory tract were subject to detailed discussion. The distinctions drawn were arguably of little application, as no part of the upper respiratory or upper alimentary tract is considered refractory to smoke-induced carcinogenesis and the relative sensitivities are difficult to establish because data (for both "active" and "passive" smoking) are often based on "cancer of the head and neck".
The defence argued that the plaintiff should be considered at above average risk of HNSCC because she lived at Port Kembla, specifically on the basis of the "Wollongong leukaemia cluster".24 Cross-examination was predicated on the cluster investigation being concerned with levels of particular atmospheric pollutants in the area (which is true) and argument that the cluster itself, among other things, was evidence that Port Kembla residents are at increased risk of pollution-associated cancer (which is false25). In cross-examination, which focused wholly on the plaintiff, there was scant opportunity to refute generalisations about the whole population, and any resident could have been left with serious concerns. The irony is that the effect of local pollution on cancer risk is almost impossible to discern against the background level of cigarette-induced disease. Head and neck cancer (in men or women) is no more common in the Illawarra region than it is in the whole of NSW.25
Alcohol drinking is a risk factor for laryngeal cancer.26 The plaintiff drank only very moderately. Virtually all data concerning alcohol-associated cancer involve consumption at a level of several drinks per day. More importantly, the risk of laryngeal cancer in people who both smoke and drink alcohol daily increases multiplicatively compared with the risk from either factor operating alone.27 The most reasonable conclusion was that any impact of alcohol would have been to increase the risk that may be inferred from the two studies of the impact of ETS on HNSCC.
The plaintiff was exposed occupationally to significant levels of ETS between 1972 and 1995. However, because she settled her case against the first employer, the jury was only concerned with the exposure between 1984 and 1995. The defendant argued that carcinogenesis could be wholly attributed to ETS exposure during the earlier period, 1972 to 1984. However, among active smokers who quit, the risk of lung cancer decreases within five years.12 This finding is crucial to an understanding of tobacco smoke carcinogenesis. The relatively immediate decrease of risk upon quitting suggests a progressive process in which each year of exposure increases the likelihood of tumorigenesis, a scenario which is incompatible with tumorigenesis being the irreversible outcome of exposure during some initial period. Accordingly, exposure to ETS up to the point when cancer was diagnosed may be judged as contributing to the plaintiff's risk.
The verdict and its implications
By their verdict, the jury showed they accepted that, more probably than not, ETS at the Port Kembla RSL Club caused, or materially contributed to, Mrs Sharp's cancer. No appeal has been lodged by the club. The insurance and licensed clubs industries have already taken steps to reduce the likelihood of similar cases and the extent of future human exposure to ETS. The decision will undoubtedly encourage other "passive smoking" cases, although there is unlikely to be a deluge owing to the cost of such litigation and the difficulties of proving causation given the current epidemiology.
Because juries do not give reasons for their decisions, it is impossible to say how much the Sharp jury was influenced by epidemiological as opposed to biological, mechanistic considerations in determining causation. However, given the state of the evidence and the judge's directions to the jury, it is likely that both played a significant part.
1: Plaintiff's occupational and clinical history
The plaintiff was born in 1939 in Sydney and moved to Port Kembla when aged nine years. At age 18, she was diagnosed with pernicious anaemia and treated with vitamin B12 injections. She had an appendicectomy in early life, and was taking hormone replacement therapy at the time of recent surgery. She was employed from 1963–1972 at a Wollongong factory making brassieres, which did not involve any significant exposure to environmental tobacco smoke. From 1972 to 1984, she was employed (17 hours/week) as a bar attendant at the Port Kembla Hotel. The plaintiff was similarly employed 25 hours per week at Port Kembla RSL Club during 1984–1995. The building was air conditioned, but the plant was often out of service. There were no windows in bar areas and no smoke-free zones; the atmosphere was described as "smoky". She variously attributed eye irritation, dry throat and intermittent cough to conditions at work, and her children noted that after she returned from work she smelt of cigarettes. The plaintiff did not smoke. Her father had been a light smoker, but did not smoke in the house. Her second husband smoked "casually" between 1978 and 1984, but not in her presence. Her alcohol intake was 2–3 drinks per week.
In May 1995, she noted a small lump on the right side of her neck. Biopsy showed malignant cells. Further investigation indicated a primary tumour involving the right side of the epiglottis. In August 1995, she underwent right neck dissection and a supraglottic laryngectomy. The tumour was described as a moderately differentiated squamous cell carcinoma of the base of the tongue, with extension into the base of the epiglottis and right epiglottic vallecula. She received postoperative radiotherapy over six weeks. The patient was seen regularly in the course of follow-up. She is described as having rehabilitated very well, has excellent oral function and has a good voice.
2: Elucidation of the carcinogenicity of tobacco smoke13-15
Whole organism (1950s)
Association between smoking and lung cancer based on analysis of groups.
Causation of tumours in rodents by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, N-nitroso compounds and other chemicals in tobacco smoke.
Cell and tissue (1970s)
Metabolism of polycyclic hydrocarbons and N-nitroso compounds demonstrated in rodent and human tissue.
Malignant transformation of human cells in culture by polycyclic hydrocarbons and N-nitroso compounds.
Macromolecule (1970s)
Covalent binding of polycyclic hydrocarbons and N-nitroso-derived alkyl groups to DNA.
Persistence of carcinogen adducts in DNA caused by failure of DNA repair processes, correlated with the site of tumour development.
Gene (1980s)
Activation of ras oncogene following alkylation by N-nitroso compounds able to cause malignant transformation in cultured cells.
Evolution of malignant cells in human cancer, via hyperplastic premalignant and benign lesions, correlated with multiple discrete changes in oncogenes and tumour-suppressor genes.
Codon (1990s)
Role of p53 tumour-suppressor gene ("Guardian of the Genome") in mediating cell-cycle arrest and apoptosis established.
Inactivation of p53 by mutation (or chromosome deletion) recognised as the most common specific genetic alteration encountered in human malignancy.
Sequence-specific mutation of p53 in cultured cells exposed to a polycyclic hydrocarbon described.
Sequence-specific mutation of p53 in lung cancer from individual smokers is the same as that observed in cultured cells exposed to a tobacco-smoke-derived polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon.
Bernard W Stewart1
Peter C B Semmler2
1 South East Sydney Public Health Unit, Randwick, NSW.
2 Sir James Martin Chambers, Sydney, NSW.
Correspondence: stewartb@sesahs.nsw.gov.au
The occupational and clinical histories were summarised from certain more comprehensive accounts by Dr G R W Davies (Wollongong), Professor C J O'Brien (Sydney), Dr J B Phillips (Sydney), Dr S Vaughan (Geelong), Dr I H Young (Sydney) which were made available in the course of proceedings
1. Yach D, Bialous SA. Junking science to promote tobacco. Am J Public Health 2001; 91: 1745-1748.
2. Seltsam Pty Ltd v McGuinness. (2000) 49 NSWLR 262.
3. March v Stramare Pty Ltd. (1991) 171 CLR 506.
4. Rosenberg v Percival. (2001) 1 HCA 18h.
5. Seltsam Pty Ltd v McGuinness. (2000) 49 NSWLR 262 at para 143.
6. March v Stramare Pty Ltd. (1991) 171 CLR 506 at 509.
7. Seltsam Pty Ltd v McGuinness. (2000) 49 NSWLR 262 at para 78.
8. Seltsam Pty Ltd v McGuinness. (2000) 49 NSWLR 262 at paras 91 and 98.
9. Wald NJ, Hackshaw AK. Cigarette smoking: an epidemiological overview. Br Med Bull 1996; 52: 3-11.
10. Doll R. Cancers weakly related to smoking. Br Med Bull 1996; 52: 35-49.
11. Armstrong BK. The epidemiology and prevention of cancer in Australia. Aust N Z J Surg 1988; 58: 179-187.
12. IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans. Volume 38: Tobacco Smoking. Lyon: International Agency for Research on Cancer, 1986.
13. Sirica AE. Chronology of significant events in the study of neoplasia. In: Sirica AE, editor. The Pathobiology of Neoplasia. New York: Plenum Press, 1989; 1-24.
14. Harris CC. Tumour suppressor genes, multistage carcinogenesis and molecular epidemiology. In: Vainio H, Magee PN, McGregor DB, McMichael AJ, editors. Mechanisms of carcinogenesis in risk management. Lyon: International Agency for Research on Cancer, 1992; 67-85.
15. Denissenko MF, Pao A, Tang M-S, Pfeifer GP. Preferential formation of benzo[a]pyrene adducts at lung cancer mutational hotspots in p53. Science 1996; 274: 430-432.
16. Neubert D. Risk assessment and preventive hazard minimization. In: Marquardt H, Schafer SG, McCellan R, Welsch F, editors. Toxicology. San Diego: Academic Press, 1999; 1153-1190.
17. Law MR, Hackshaw AK. Environmental tobacco smoke. Br Med Bull 1996; 52: 22-34.
18. National Health and Medical Research Council. The health effects of passive smoking. A scientific information paper. Canberra: Australian Government Publishing Service, 1997.
19. Tan EH, Adelstein DJ, Droughton ML, et al. Squamous cell head and neck cancer in nonsmokers. Am J Clin Oncol 1997; 20: 146-150.
20. Zhang ZF, Morgenstern H, Spitz MR, et al. Environmental tobacco smoking, mutagen sensitivity, and head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2000; 9: 1043-1049.
21. Sarkar FH, Sakr WA, Li YW, et al. Tumor suppressor p53 gene mutation in squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx. Diagn Mol Pathol 1996; 5: 201-205.
22. Wynder EL, Covey LS, Mabuchi K, Mushinski M. Environmental factors in cancer of the larynx: a second look. Cancer 1976; 38: 1591-1601.
23. Anderson KE, Carmella SG, Ye M, et al. Metabolites of a tobacco-specific lung carcinogen in nonsmoking women exposed to environmental tobacco smoke. J Natl Cancer Inst 2001; 93: 378-381.
24. Westley-Wise VJ, Stewart BW, Kreis I, et al. Investigation of a cluster of leukaemia in the Illawarra region of New South Wales, 1989–1996. Med J Aust 1999; 171: 178-183. <eMJA full text>
25. Lewis N, Nguyen H, Smith D, et al. Cancer maps for New South Wales: variation by local government area 1991 to 1995. Sydney: NSW Cancer Council, 1999.
26. De Stefani E, Correa P, Oreggia F, et al. Risk factors for laryngeal cancer. Cancer 1987; 60: 3087-3091.
27. Baron AE, Franceschi S, Barra S, et al. A comparison of the joint effects of alcohol and smoking on the risk of cancer across sites in the upper aerodigestive tract. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 1993; 2: 519-523.
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J.G. Hoop/MLS/WireImage.com
Chicago, Colorado on Crew agenda
COLUMBUS, O.H. - The Columbus Crew will play a pair of games this week, starting with a U.S. Open Cup Round of 16 game vs. the Chicago Fire on Tuesday at 7:30 p.m. at Crew Stadium.
The Crew advanced to the Open Cup Round of 16 with a 2-1 win over the A-League's Syracuse Salty Dogs on June 30 at Crew Stadium. Crew midfielder Ross Paule tallied a stoppage-time penalty kick for the game-winner, after midfielder Kyle Martino was taken down just inside the box. Tickets for the Round of 16 game vs. Chicago are priced at regular MLS Crew pricing, and are also included in the full-season ticket package as "International Game." Tickets are currently on sale.
After the Open Cup match-up on Tuesday, Columbus heads west to face the Colorado Rapids on Saturday, at 5 p.m. at Invesco Field at Mile High. Saturday's game will be televised live nationally on ESPN2.
The Crew are unbeaten in their last three MLS games (1-0-2) after a 1-1 tie vs. New England last Saturday. The Crew is 5-5-5 (20 pts.) on the year and in third place in the Eastern Conference, just three points behind the first-place MetroStars, and one point behind second-place D.C. United in the tightly packed East. Columbus has played two fewer games than the rest of the East.
Colorado is in third place in the West with a 5-5-7 record and 22 points. Colorado travels to Dallas on Tuesday to face the Burn in the U.S. Open Cup Round of 16.
Tuesday and Saturday's games can be heard in English on The New Eagle, 103.9, or online through TheCrew.com and www.MLSNet.com. Tuesday's game is also on www.MatchNight.com.
Tickets for Crew home games can be acquired at the Crew Stadium Box Office, at any area Kroger Ticket Master outlet, via phone at 614-431-3600 or on line at TheCrew.com.
COLUMBUS CREW vs. Chicago Fire (USOC Round of 16)
Tuesday, July 20 - 7:30 p.m. (ET) at Crew Stadium
Crew Radio: The New Eagle, 103.9 (English)
Crew Webcast: TheCrew.com, www.MLSNet.com., www.MatchNight.com.
COLUMBUS CREW at Colorado Rapids
Saturday, July 24 - 5 p.m. (ET) at Invesco Field at Mile High
National television: ESPN2; Crew Radio: The New Eagle, 103.9 (English)
Crew Webcast: TheCrew.com and www.MLSNet.com.(English)
ERICK SCOTT CALLED-IN BY COSTA RICA FOR OLYMPICS, DEPARTED SUNDAY
Crew forward Erick Scott is part of the 25-man roster that has been called into training camp by the Costa Rican under-23 national team as they prepare for the 2004 Summer Olympics in Greece. Scott left for Costa Rica Sunday,(July 18, and 18 players will later be named to the final roster to travel to Greece. Costa Rica is in Group D in the Olympics with Morocco, Iraq and Portugal. They will face Morocco on Aug. 12, Iraq on Aug. 15 and Portugal on Aug. 18. If named to the final 18-man roster, Scott will miss up to five MLS games and one Open Cup game.
CREW CAPTURES SEASON SERIES VS. NEW ENGLAND
The Crew's 1-1 tie vs. New England on Saturday clinched the season series for the Black & Gold against the Revolution. Columbus is 2-0-1 (7 points to 1) on the year vs. New England with just one game left between the two East rivals. The Crew would own the tiebreaker against the Revs if the two teams are tied at the end of the year.
"ADDED TIME WITH THE CREW" ON 1460 THE FAN EVERY TUESDAY FROM 7-7:30 P.M.
The Crew's weekly radio show on 1460 The Fan, "Added Time With The Crew," is hosted by Dwight Burgess and airs from 7-7:30 p.m. every Tuesday. Fans can call 614-821-1460 to join in the show. This week's show will feature Crew head coach Greg Andrulis, a Crew player and one other guest.
CREW SPECIALTY OHIO LICENSE PLATES ON SALE
Columbus Crew specialty Ohio license plates are now on sale. The plates feature the logo of the Columbus Crew, Ohio's only Major League Soccer team. The plates cost $35 in addition to standard license plate renewal fees, with $25 going to the Sports Commission and $10 going to the State of Ohio. The specialty plates can also be personalized with up to six characters for an additional $35. The specialty plates are available at any Ohio Bureau of Motor Vehicle office or at www.oplates.com. Registration forms can also be obtained by calling 888-752-8373.
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MNN.com > Lifestyle > Arts & Culture
'The Big Picture' tells the story behind the statistics
Kal Penn explains riveting facts about crime, sports, food and sex in new Nat Geo series.
Gerri Miller
Kal Penn finds the interesting tales behind the stats in Nat Geo's new series. (Photo: Scott Gries/National Geographic Channels)
Would you believe Vermont is the most drug-infested state in America? And can you fathom that the prison industry in the fifth largest employer in the country?
These are just two of the fascinating tidbits presented in the March 30 premiere episode of "The Big Picture with Kal Penn." Covering topics such as modern-day treasure hunters, global pandemics, sports fans, natural disasters, food, sex and trash in 13 half-hour episodes, the Nat Geo series uses maps, charts, infographics and on-location interviews to explain surprising statistics and explore what they mean to us in our daily lives.
Penn's TV and film background includes roles in "House," "How I Met Your Mother," "The Namesake," the "Harold and Kumar" franchise, as well as the new CBS Sunday procedural "Battle Creek" and hosting Discovery’s "The Big Brain Theory" engineering competition. Penn served as the associate director of the White House Office of Public Engagement from 2009-2011. And the UCLA and Stanford grad taught "Images of Asian Americans in the Media" at the University of Pennsylvania as a visiting lecturer.
"The Big Picture" is a unique way of kind of looking at the human experience, Penn says.
"We took random facts that we thought were particularly interesting and then we researched them, put them on a map, such as the places in the country with the most sports fans," he says.
"In our research about crime, we found that the place that has the most per capita involvement in cybercrime is a small village in Romania, and the entire village is set up to scam people. It’s how the village stays alive. Why there? We went there to get to the bottom of it."
Penn says two of the most surprising discoveries were learning that Orlando is the pizza consumption capital of America, and that another Florida community is the most sexually active spot, owing to its large senior citizen population.
"What I love about this was that our show doesn’t take an angle of judgment on anything," says Penn, a producer on the series. "We wanted to do a show that was going to be informational, but also develop it to be something that was really funny."
Penn got involved when Nat Geo approached him to see if there was a show that they could work on together.
"I had the chance to produce and develop this with them, which was fantastic," he says. "Nat Geo is a brand that we absolutely don’t want to change, but within that we have fun with really interesting stories that should appeal to the universal human experience."
He says he’s gratified that he’s so busy with his current projects, considering that he took a two and a half year sabbatical to work at the White House.
"When I came back from D.C., the concern was, ‘Am I going to work? Am I going to get the kind of stuff I want to get?’ But it’s almost an embarrassment of riches," he says. "I hope that that is sustainable to be able to do both the acting things that I love and then something like this that fulfills my love of documentary filmmaking. I feel really blessed."
12 exceptionally bright Hollywood stars
Neil deGrasse Tyson launching late-night 'Star Talk' on Nat Geo
10 of the world's biggest unsolved mysteries
Related topics: Celebs, Science, TV Shows
Why do whales beach themselves?
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History of Archos
ARCHOS - French manufacturer of mobile devices and "smart gadgets", founded in 1988 by Henri Kroah (Fr. Henri Crohas.). ARCHOS has developed a range of products, including portable media players, digital video recorders, smart phones and Internet tablets. The company produces a wide range of mobile devices - both under its own brand as well as OEM-manufacturer (for brands such as Gionee, Micromax, Intex, Lava).
The slogan of the company over time has been changed from «Think Smaller» to "On The Go". Currently, the company's slogan sounds like "Entertainment your way".
1988 - the year the company was founded
2000 - release of Jukebox 6000 - the first MP3 player with hard drive
2003 - release of Jukebox Multimedia - the first multimedia player
2005 - PMA400 release - player with support for Wi-Fi
2009 - ARCHOS has become the first manufacturer of tablets, presented a model based on the Android OS (ARCHOS 5). In the same year it was released devices based on Windows 7: tablet with full touch screen (the ARCHOS 9) and a netbook with a screen diagonal of 13.3 "with Intel Atom D510 Dual Core processor, 1 GB 667/800 MHz (ARCHOS 133 PC)
2009 - The company introduced the series with a resistive screen tablets (Gen 7). This series has been designed for easy Internet surfing, as well as to view media content.
2011 - ARCHOS released under the brand name Arnova series of budget tablets for the consumer market. Tablets running CPU RK2818 Rockchip CPUs with resistive screen supports wi-fi connection (802.11 b / g).
2011 - ARCHOS becomes a full partner of Google Android
2011 - ARCHOS announced the launch of tablets running Android 3.0 "Honeycomb" (G9).
2012 - the company introduced the world's first gaming tablet based on the Android OS (Gamepad) and a series of plates with ultra-thin detachable keyboard (Gen10)
2013 - ARCHOS is the Internet TV set-top box for the ARCHOS TV Connect and a series of "Elements", which included a range of mobile devices, Cobalt, Xenon, Carbon, Titanium and Platinum. The company has focused on the issue of lines of Titanium and Platinum, which were presented at CES
2013. ARCHOS argues that each of the models range of products able to compete with premium brands like characteristics, and at cost of.
2014 - the company has introduced a wide range of devices that are compatible with the 4G / LTE (Helium), Full HD 4G smartphone for less € 200 ARCHOS 50 Diamond dial, as well as the system Smart Home Smart Home.
2015 - release of the personal computer PC Stick size of a matchbox. It is installed Intel Atom Z3735F 1.33 GHz processor, 2 GB RAM, storage capacity of 32 GB and a slot for microSD cards. Gadget Connects to any display via HDMI. PC Stick is able to perform the tasks of a stationary PC and weighs 60 grams.
2016 - introduced a system based on the IoT LoRa - PicoWAN
Helium - smart phones with support for 4G
Cesium - smartphones running OC Windows
Power - smartphones with high capacity batteries
You can download Archos phones user manuals here.
Key innovations
ARCHOS Fusion Storage - a software solution developed by ARCHOS engineers that integrates built-in memory devices with microSD card. After activation united vault data is automatically transferred to the internal memory of the smartphone or tablet, and then sorted. The application files will continue to be stored in the internal memory, photos, videos, and other content will be located on a memory card. The user can at any time return to the normal configuration the separate storage.
PicoWAN - the world's first global, collective, and the maximum available LP-WAN network for the Internet of Things. A key innovation of the project is to use a unique protocol wireless communication based on the use of pico gateways (pico-gateway). Pico Gateway is inserted into an electrical outlet and connect to the Internet via Wi-Fi or Ethernet. Application LoRa technology provides a range comparable with a range of antennas, installed large operators on the roofs of buildings. However PicoWAN network can be much "tighter" and enter the building at any depth, providing better coverage and improved fault tolerance.
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Wrecking crews demolish iconic ‘Blue Cube’
NewsCalifornia News
The former Onizuka Air Force Station, home of the “Blue Cube” satellite tracking facility is in the process of being razed in Sunnyvale, Calif. on Wednesday, April 16, 2014. (LiPo Ching/Bay Area News Group)
By Becky Bach | Mercury News
PUBLISHED: April 16, 2014 at 11:25 am | UPDATED: August 12, 2016 at 9:48 am
SETTING THE RECORD STRAIGHT (publ. 4/18/2014, page A4)
An earlier version of a story about the demolition of the former Onizuka Air Force Station’s “Blue Cube” incorrectly reported details about the station’s operations. The operations had tracked U.S. satellites that spied on the former Soviet Union.
SUNNYVALE — In a stealthy operation sometime either Tuesday evening or Wednesday morning — crews wouldn’t say exactly when — workers started smashing the slabs of the former Onizuka Air Force Station’s “Blue Cube” in a fitting end to a secretive Cold War icon that tracked Soviet satellites for decades.
“I wish I could tell you more,” said Ken Murray, superintendent with contractor C.W. Driver. But he couldn’t, or wouldn’t.
The Onizuka station was shuttered in 2011, a victim of the fifth round of military base closures, with some of its remaining operations transferred to Vandenberg Air Force Base in Southern California. The ceremony marking its closure featured a color guard, a brass band and remarks from a top general, local officials and the widow of the base’s namesake before dozens of onlookers.
But no one besides demolition crews attended this week’s major dismantling of the landmark structure, though a few former employees tried. On Wednesday amid cranes and excavators were piles of rubble surrounding what was left of the cube, whose distinctive light blue tiles already had been partially removed.
Although huge chunks of what is formally known on the former base as simply Building 1003 were demolished this week, Murray said taking down the structure began in September with the removal of hazardous materials. Twenty buildings at the former station near the intersection of highways 101 and 237 in Sunnyvale have already been demolished, he said.
For decades, the Blue Cube housed the Air Force’s operations center for reconnaissance satellites as well as space missions, including the Discovery space shuttle in 1985. So secretive was its work that in 1968, even the vice president of the United States, Hubert Humphrey, was initially denied entry to the facility.
In the 2010 base closure ceremony, Lt. Gen. John Sheridan said he could still not talk about much of what went on within the Blue Cube.
“What I can tell you is that the operations conducted by the NRO, or National Reconnaissance Office, from this site have made our nation a tremendously safer place to be,” Sheridan said.
Originally known as the Air Force Satellite Test Center, the station was renamed after astronaut Ellison Onizuka, who died in the Challenger shuttle explosion in 1986.
The bulk of the 19-acre site is slated for a 50,000-square-foot education center operated by the Foothill-De Anza Community College District. The district plans to relocate some of the facilities at the leased Middlefield Campus in Palo Alto to offer tech-focused programs in 2016, Foothill officials have said.
District Chancellor Linda Thor said the renovated site will be “very respectful” of the Blue Cube’s historical significance.
“The architect paid homage to the Blue Cube by making the architecture reminiscent in shape and color,” Thor said.
The center will retain the memorial to astronaut Onizuka and incorporate the structure’s well-known blue tiles into a pathway.
The city of Sunnyvale, the Department of Veterans Affairs and two low-income housing developers also secured portions of the former base.
The city plans to swap the site of Fire Station No. 5 at the intersection of Mathilda Avenue and Innovation Way with the Jay Paul Co. in exchange for a 2-acre site nearby on Borregas Avenue to build a public safety training center and fire station, said Hanson Hom, Sunnyvale community development director.
The VA intends to retrofit an existing building for office space. It also offered to host a public display of photos and other materials from Onizuka, Hom said.
The city worked with low-income housing providers MidPen Housing and Charities Housing to trade the Onizuka land for space at the former National Guard Armory on Maude Avenue. The city hasn’t decided what to do with its remaining 4.6 acres, although it could be used for a hotel or playing fields, Hom said.
Blue Cube demolition will extend through next week, contractor Murray said. After that, one of Silicon Valley’s most distinctive landmarks will have gone the way of the orchards that once blossomed throughout the area.
Contact Becky Bach at 408-920-5862. Follow Becky Bach at Twitter.com/troutbach.
Becky Bach
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Campus full-day preschool program accepting applications
June 17, 2019 Andrew Pemberton Centerpiece, CHHSnews, Community, Faculty & Staff, Parents, Prospective Students, Students
The Child Development and Family Center (CDFC) began accepting applications for its all-day Preschool for All Expansion program June 17. The program is free for families who qualify.
NIU received Illinois State Board of Higher Education funding for the Preschool for All Expansion (PFA-E) program that increases access to full-day early childhood education and comprehensive services to 4-year-olds. This grant provides funding for 40 preschoolers.
The CDFC has the only PFA-E program in the DeKalb county area. Additionally, while most programs are half-day, NIU’s CDFC expansion program is 8:30 a.m. to 3:30 p.m. Monday through Friday for up to 7 hours of early childhood learning and growth. Wraparound child care services are available to extend the day from 7:30 a.m. through 5:30 p.m.
“For children and their families, PFA-E provides an opportunity for a great learning experience that children will greatly benefit from,” said Lisa Schmidt, Practicum Director for the Child Development and Family Center.
The expansion program focuses on the child’s social and emotional development to prepare them for kindergarten, and the teachers in the program work hard to create an environment conducive to children’s success, Schmidt said.
The program works with families to facilitate access to needed services such as dentists, doctors, and other community-based services available through the county health department and social service agencies, said Dahlia Roman, the CDFC Family Coordinator.
“We are planning for an exciting fall school year that will include opportunities for parents to participate in special events and parenting education workshops,” Roman said.
To be eligible for the program, a child must be 4-years-old by Sept. 1, 2019, and meet the Federal Poverty Level family income guidelines. Other factors are assessed upon application. Families do not have to be affiliated with NIU, and the program is inclusive for children with disabilities.
For more information about the Child Development and Family Center at NIU, the PFA-E program or to apply, contact Dahlia Roman, Family Coordinator at 815-753-0125 or droman1@niu.edu, or visit go.niu.edu/cfdc.
Child Development and Family Center
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Philippe Piot named an APS outstanding referee
Mar. 6 2019
Clinical Assistant Professor Colleen Boraca was recently featured in “Breaking Down Barriers to Housing,” an article on Loyola University Chicago School of Law’s website
Feb. 6 2019
Eui-kyung Shin, a professor of Social Studies Education in the Department of Curriculum and Instruction, is celebrating the publication of a new book.
Soyini Chism, a doctoral student in the Curriculum Leadership program published an article in the Kappa Delta Pi Record
Curriculum Leadership doctoral student wins award at national conference
Natalie Andzik and Xiaodan Hu were selected to participate in the Principal Investigator (PI) Academy, sponsored by the NIU Division of Research and Innovation Partnerships.
Dec. 5 2018
Joseph Flynn, associate professor in the Department of Curriculum and Instruction, received the O.L. Davis, Jr. Outstanding Book Award for 2018.
Jennifer Johnson has been named a Clinical Practice Fellow by the Association of Teacher Educators
Associate Professor Patrick Roberts celebrates book publication
Faculty in the Department of Counseling, Adult and Higher Education, were awarded a $100,000 grant from the New York Life Foundation
Nov. 7 2018
Latino Resource Center honors faculty and students with awards
Kostic published a feature paper and presented at IHTC-16 entransy panel in August 2018
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SUPERINTENDENT OFFERS OVERVIEW ON HOW ANTI-SUBSTANCE ABUSE PROGRAM WOULD WORK
June 20, 2017 -- At a meeting of the North Shore Board of Education on Thursday June 15, Schools Superintendent Dr. Edward Melnick laid out the general procedures for implementing Preventure, a program that is intended to identify students with personality and temperament traits that researchers say put them at a higher risk for drug and alcohol abuse. The Superintendent’s explanation took place during a board discussion over whether to give permission to board counsel to change some of the language and finalize a contract with the Australian developer of the program.
Preventure, which has also been used in Canada, involves administering a survey to students that looks for one or more of four specific characteristics - impulsivity, sensation seeking, anxiety sensitivity, and negative thinking.
Students who test one standard deviation above normal in any of those areas are considered at risk. With that information in hand, counseling and other services would be offered to the students to help them develop coping strategies.
At last Thursday’s meeting, Dr. Melnick explained that the program would cost about $8,000 and the survey would be administered to 8th and 9th graders whose parents had given consent.
At the May 4th school board meeting, Dr. Melnick stated that the district’s legal counsel was looking into whether the survey could be mandatory for all students. In response to questions from Northwordnews Thursday night, Dr. Melnick said that the attorney had advised against mandating that the the test be administered to all students in the two grades.
For students who do test positive, the Superintendent explained later, the school social worker would meet with the parents and the student to discuss the results and to consider a plan of action. Parental permission would be required for the school to provide any counseling or other services.
During the Board discussion, Trustee Marianne Russo, who had raised concerns about protecting the privacy of students at the early May meeting, said that even though participation in the program is voluntary, there was a possibility that the confidentiality of survey results could potentially be breached.
Dr. Melnick said that no information would be entered into a computer or digitized eliminating the possibility that it could be obtained as a result of a hacking and less likely for it to be accidentally released. Additionally, he said that it would not be a part of a student’s file or shared with anyone beyond the child, the parents and the social worker.
Trustee Russo said that she believed it was important to have parent informational meetings in advance of conducting the program. “It’s not just consent,” she said, “but informed consent” that should be required.
Dr. Melnick agreed, and said that meetings would be held.
Trustee David Ludmar said that he shared some of Trustee Russo’s concerns regarding protecting the privacy of students.
The Board voted postpone action on the contract until more information was acquired regarding the language of the agreement.
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EXCLUSIVE: Surprise! Love Island's Justin Lacko heads into the jungle
Forget Love Island! He’s got another shot at love on I’m A Celebrity... and with his, ahem, large pet python, who could resist?
By NW team
He became accustomed to ocean-side villas in Mallorca, Spain, during his previous stint on reality TV, but now, former Love Island star Justin Lacko is neck-deep in an adventure of a different kind – on I'm A Celebrity... Get Me Out Of Here!
So how does the 28-year-old model feel about swapping stunners and sunsets for spiders and snakes? "[Well], I go to bed with a trouser python," Justin jokes of his much-talked-about manhood.
Here, NW chats to the hunk about life after Love Island, heading into the jungle and what he's really got hiding in his pants...
Justin Lacko has swapped speedos for khaki! (Source: NW)
Well this is a bit of a surprise! We heard the rumours that Grant Crapp might be going into the jungle, but it's you!
Grant, I think he posted on social media something about the jungle, and I think a lot of people's ears were pricking, assuming that it was. And I'm thinking, "Umm, I'm pretty sure how the show works is it's obviously quite confidential, so I definitely don't think he's gonna be in it.
Well he's had his time winning a TV show – it's your turn now!
That's it! That's what I wanna hear!
What would you do if he ended up being one of the intruders?
I think I'd have a great time with him, like, I wouldn't trust him, though. And it would actually be quite funny to see him kind of struggle with the challenges. I think that would be quite entertaining! Like, "Let's see how much of a real man you are!"
READ NEXT: Love Island's Justin Lacko tells: "I'm comfortable with my feminine side!"
Justin says fans will be shocked that Grant Crapp is not going into the jungle! (Source: NW)
Did you talk to any of your other Love Island cast mates about going to Africa?
I think maybe it was Tayla [Damir] that said that she had been asked. I was kind of just like, "Oh, yeah – that's really interesting. That's really cool. They haven't asked me yet or anything." Then after, they ended up asking me as well, so...
Well it won't be like Mallorca! Did you prepare for the lifestyle change?
It's definitely going to be more of the lifestyle of living in a campsite where there's no grass – as Ja'mie [from Summer Heights High] would say, "There's no f--king grass! Just f--king dirt!"
It's gonna be one of those scenarios where I'll be standing there with probably like my hand as a phone... talking to my mum, freaking out. Even though the people will be very supportive, I'm sure, I don't think the bugs and spiders and loud noises at night will kind of... I think that will be torture.
Justin in one of his Love Island shoots. (Source: NW)
Previous contestants have snuck in chocolate and Keira Maguire even snuck in an eyelash brush! Do you think you might try and sneak something in?
I feel like [because] of my work and the industry I'm in and keeping fit, I'm quite strict on my eating capability. So I can't imagine me really sneaking in chocolate and stuff – that's not something I feel like I would need. Like, my chapstick! I need my chapstick because I'm constantly having to, like, lubricate my lips. I don't have a medical certificate for it, so I can see myself probably trying to bring in a bunch of them, and if they don't [let me], I need to figure out a way. I'll have to put them down my pants.
Speaking of hiding things in your pants, your former Love Island co-star Millie Fuller says you were "on the upper side of average". Tayla's also spilled that you have "the biggest willy ever". So, we're pretty sure most of Australia is waiting for some sort of confirmation!
Oh my God! I don't know if anyone actually got the joke 'cos I wasn't able to talk about it after, but if you listen [to an interview I did with Kyle and Jackie O], Kyle said, "All the fans must be chasing after you now." And I said, "If I was f**king a fan, there would be blood everywhere." And I meant it as in, like, I was trying to be silly, and bring it away from me having a penis.
I was trying to bring it onto me having sex with a literal fan – like up on the ceiling! Then Kyle obviously took it as if I was having sex still with a fan, and that like... it's a bloody scene! And I'm like, "Oh my God – they don't get it!" So then, obviously that's when everybody started talking about my penis... I'm a man, and I just don't really care. I mean, I have a willy, just like every other bloke out there. I'm a very comfortable person.
WATCH NEXT: The official trailer for I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out Of Here. Post continues...
Well, we may never find out because I'm A Celeb is unlikely to have a stripping challenge like Love Island did...
Yeah. Especially at 7.30pm – but you never know these days!
They may come out with an uncut version of I'm A Celeb, so we'll keep our eyes peeled, just in case!
If there was an uncut version, then I'd be worried a little bit because I wouldn't know what would be seen on that – me in the shower or something? Like, "Damn it! I should have taken the chance to do that porno and made some money from it!" Because when you're exposed, you're exposed – no-one cares anymore. [Laughs]
Justin on set of Love Island in 2018. (Source: Instagram/Love Island)
Are you worried about the effect being in the jungle will have on your body? A lot of previous contestants have had some pretty shocking transformations!
Yeah, no, like, I'm quite fit... I'm a little bit nervous because I don't want to lose my muscle, I guess. And I don't really want to lose too much weight. I have put on a bit of weight because of the show.
I'm not too scared because of the industry I'm in as well, like, I'm used to fluctuating with weight gain and weight loss based on seasons and based on working overseas in Italy and New York. Like, I've been called fat before by a designer, and I had to lose all this weight, and then all of a sudden I had all these people saying I look like a skeleton. But I mean, aww, what do you do?!
What's your biggest fear when it comes to living in the jungle?
Mosquitos. And not getting sleep. I am not going to look my beautiful self. I am scared that people are going to see me without my hair done and not looking my best. That's not superficial at all, as a majority of the world think like that.
"Yeah, no, like, I'm quite fit... I'm a little bit nervous because I don't want to lose my muscle, I guess," Justin reveals to NW. (Source: Love Island / ITV)
Now that you're about to go into your second stint on reality TV, can you tell us what the worst thing about being on Love Island was?
It is a bit of a head f--k, to be frank, when you are put up on a pedestal – majority of my twenties it's this thing where people kind of said, "Oh my gosh, you're so gorgeous, you're so beautiful" or "We love you". And mentally I'd think, "Oh, I'm definitely going to find someone who's going to be interested in me when I go onto a show." And to find myself in a bit of a pickle where I'm surrounded by a bunch of bogan-y blokes and all the girls are chasing them...
I felt like, if none of those girls could see the fact that I'm one of those guys who, to be frank, is like a good-looking guy, works really hard, has multiple jobs, travels the world, there's excitement, I go to fun events and parties... I feel like I'm such a nice guy. Like, what is it? What do you want? I just felt like these girls are just too young, so, yeah. That ultimately was the most difficult thing about being in that villa.
Would you be open to finding love in the jungle?
I want to find Jane – that would be cool. Hopefully there is a beautiful, single woman on the show. You have this awful and tough experience together and then maybe you say, "Let me give you the chocolate with the bug in it." We could feed each other and fall romantically in love. It would be kind of cute.
I am that guy that really wants to find a girl so bad. I'm just hoping for the best, and that's all I can do. But I'm still on the same platform as I was when I first started doing reality TV. I just really want to find someone. I want them to just love me for me and vice versa, and have that little happy ending. I have high wishes for that fairytale story. Not saying I live by it, but I mean, it would be cute...
I'm A Celebrity... Get Me Out Of Here! airs Sunday – Thursday at 7.30pm on Channel Ten
For more I'm a Celeb gossip and exclusives, pick up a copy of this week's NW magazine.
Love IslandLove Island's Justin Lacko tells: "I'm comfortable with my feminine side!"
Love IslandWhich of the Love Island Australia couples are still together?
Love Island,
I'm A Celebrity Get Me Out Of Here,
undefined: NW team
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MORE SCIENCE NATION VIDEOS
This Breathalyzer Reveals Signs of Disease
One exhale and new device could screen for everything from diabetes to lung cancer
This invention could give new meaning to the term "bad breath!" It's the Single Breath Disease Diagnostics Breathalyzer, and when you blow into it, you get tested for a biomarker?a sign of disease. As amazing as that sounds, the process is actually very simple thanks to ceramics nanotechnology. All it takes is a single exhale.
You blow into a small valve attached to a box that is about half the size of your typical shoebox and weighs less than one pound. Once you blow into it, the lights on top of the box will give you an instant readout. A green light means you pass (and your bad breath is not indicative of an underlying disease; perhaps it?s just a result of the raw onions you ingested recently); however, a red light means you might need to take a trip to the doctor?s office to check if something more serious is an issue.
With support from the National Science Foundation (NSF), Professor Perena Gouma and her team at Stony Brook University in New York developed a sensor chip that you might say is the "brain" of the breathalyzer. It's coated with tiny nanowires that look like microscopic spaghetti and are able to detect minute amounts of chemical compounds in the breath. "These nanowires enable the sensor to detect just a few molecules of the disease marker gas in a 'sea' of billions of molecules of other compounds that the breath consists of," Gouma explains. This is what nanotechnology is all about.
You can't buy this in the stores just yet--individual tests such as an acetone-detecting breathalyzer for monitoring diabetes and an ammonia-detecting breathalyzer to determine when to end a home-based hemodialysis treatment--are still being evaluated clinically. However, researchers envision developing the technology such that a number of these tests can be performed with a single device. Within a couple of years, you might be able to self-detect a whole range of diseases and disorders, including lung cancer, by just exhaling into a handheld breathalyzer.
Handheld breath tests to estimate blood alcohol content and nitric oxide detectors used in hospitals to monitor pulmonary infections have been around for a while, but there is no consumer-based technology like this currently available. The research team envisions the cost of the final product being under $20, just one of many reasons Gouma thinks the Single Breath Disease Diagnostics Breathalyzer has the potential to empower individuals to take care of their own health like never before. "People can get something over the counter and it's going to be a first response or first detection type of device. This is really a nanomedicine application that is affordable because it is based on inexpensive ceramic materials that can be mass produced at low cost," she notes.
The manufacturing process that creates the single crystal nanowires is called "electrospinning." It starts with a liquid compound being shot from a syringe into an electrical field. The electric field crystallizes the inserted liquid into a tiny thread or "wire" that collects onto an aluminum backing. Gouma says enough nanowire can be produced in one syringe to stretch from her lab in Stony Brook, N.Y. to the moon and still be a single grain (monocrystal).
"There can be different types of nanowires, each with a tailored arrangement of metal and oxygen atoms along their configuration, so as to capture a particular compound," explains Gouma. "For example, some nanowires might be able to capture ammonia molecules, while others capture just acetone and others just the nitric oxide. Each of these biomarkers signal a specific disease or metabolic malfunction so a distinct diagnostic breathalyzer can be designed."
"This concept could not have been realized without a fundamental understanding of the material used to create the miniaturized gas detectors," said Janice Hicks, a deputy division director in the Mathematical and Physical Sciences Directorate at NSF. "The research transcends traditional scientific and engineering disciplines and may lead to new applications or diagnostics."
Gouma also says the nanowires can be rigged to detect infectious viruses and microbes like Salmonella, E. coli or even anthrax. "There will be so many other applications we haven't envisioned. It's very exciting; it's a whole new world," she says.
Gouma is also one of the first researchers selected to participate in NSF's new Innovation Corps (I-Corps). Spanning a broad range of target products, geographic locales and research fields, I-Corps researchers receive guidance from private- and public-sector experts, participate in a specially designed training curriculum and receive $50,000 to begin assessing the commercial readiness of their technology concepts.
The award process was intense, yet swift, with less than 30 days passing between the acceptance of the proposals and the issuing of each award by NSF's Division of Grants and Agreements. Gouma's I-Corps research involves the use of electrospun ceramic nanofiber-based photocatalytic grids for cleaning up water contaminated by petroleum-based hydrocarbons. "I-Corps has been a unique learning experience, and as a scientist who creates new knowledge, I want to use my discoveries to find solutions to current problems in the world," says Gouma.
"I-Corps has generated tremendous excitement," says I-Corps program officer Errol Arkilic. "Our first round of awards emerged from a wide array of fields and strong fundamental research efforts. All show promise as potential innovations that could yield additional direct benefits to society."
Miles O'Brien, Science Nation Correspondent
Jon Baime, Science Nation Producer
The NSF Innovation Corps (I-Corps) program brings together the technological, entrepreneurial, and business know-how to bring discoveries ripe for innovation out of the university lab. Find out more in these I-Corps videos.
Credit: National Science Foundation
With few early symptoms, ovarian cancer--like many cancers--can be hard to detect without invasive and expensive procedures. "Early detection is absolutely not only key but probably the only way for us to win the war on cancer," says Vadim Backman who is a biomedical engineer at Northwestern University in Evanston, Ill. Backman's research is shedding light on how early cancer detection can be made cheaper, more accurate and less invasive. Find out more in this Science Nation video.
Credit: Science Nation, National Science Foundation
Materials Research (DMR)
The mission of the Division of Materials Research (DMR) of the Directorate for Mathematical and Physical Sciences is to make new discoveries about the behavior of matter and materials; to create new materials and new knowledge about materials phenomena; and to address fundamental materials questions that often transcend traditional scientific and engineering disciplines and may lead to new technologies.
Scientists Using Laser Light to Detect Potential Diseases Via Breath Samples, Says New Study
By blasting a person's breath with laser light, scientists from the National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Colorado at Boulder have shown that they can detect molecules that may be markers for diseases like asthma or cancer.
About Science Nation
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Any opinions, findings, conclusions or recommendations presented in this material are only those of the presenter grantee/researcher, author, or agency employee; and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation.
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Archives|2 Top G.O.P. Lawmakers Buck Bush on Social Security
2 Top G.O.P. Lawmakers Buck Bush on Social Security
By RICHARD W. STEVENSON and ROBIN TONER FEB. 18, 2005
WASHINGTON, Feb. 17 - The Republican majority leader in the House expressed opposition on Thursday to the idea of increasing or eliminating the cap on earnings subject to the Social Security payroll tax, deflating President Bush's first effort to promote bipartisan trust over how to address the retirement system's projected financial troubles.
The majority leader, Representative Tom DeLay of Texas, said subjecting more earnings to the payroll tax amounted to a tax increase and was unacceptable. His comments came a day after the publication of newspaper interviews in which Mr. Bush left open the possibility of lifting the earnings cap as part of a plan to put Social Security on permanently sound footing.
Speaker J. Dennis Hastert joined Mr. DeLay in distancing House Republicans from the idea. Their quick and negative reaction underscored the difficulty the administration is having in moving forward with its plan to overhaul Social Security, the issue Mr. Bush has put at the top of his domestic agenda and made a test of his political clout.
Acknowledging that he has yet to gain much momentum, Mr. Bush said at a news conference at the White House that his plan was "going nowhere" unless he could convince Congress and the American people that there was a problem that must be addressed now.
Mr. Bush repeated that he welcomed all ideas for dealing with Social Security except an increase in the payroll tax rate of 12.4 percent. But Mr. DeLay and Mr. Hastert said that increasing the level of income subject to the payroll tax would be a tax increase on workers and employers.
Few issues unite Republicans like opposition to tax increases.
Asked if the president opening the door to consideration of lifting the wage cap would make it easier to get legislation moving in the House, Mr. DeLay replied: "No. Because we're not going to do that."
Asked why, Mr. DeLay replied, "That's a tax increase." Asked if it would fly with his caucus, Mr. DeLay replied, "Nope, not at all."
He added: "Besides, that's not fundamental reform, it won't do anything. If you completely remove the cap, it buys you six years; that's not good."
The payroll tax that finances Social Security is currently levied on wages up to $90,000, a ceiling that is increased each year in line with average wage growth. The 12.4 percent tax is split evenly between employers and workers.
Many proposals for shoring up Social Security's finances include some type of increase in the cap as a way of holding down the level of benefit cuts, other tax increases or government borrowing that would otherwise be necessary. Senator Lindsey Graham, Republican of South Carolina, has proposed raising it to $200,000 as part of a plan that would also create individual investment accounts. A plan put forth by AARP, the lobbying group for older Americans, calls for increasing it to $140,000. Polls have shown that raising or eliminating the cap is consistently one of the most popular options for addressing the retirement system's long-term financial imbalance.
Studies by the Social Security Administration suggest that even eliminating the cap entirely would only delay the onset of the system's projected financial deficits by six or seven years and would have to be accompanied by other steps to ensure that its books balance over the long run.
Alan Greenspan, the Federal Reserve chairman, gave his support to Mr. Bush's philosophy of trying to create an "ownership society," telling the House Financial Services Committee that a well-constructed system of personal investment accounts would result in a "sense of increased wealth on the part of the middle- and lower-income classes of this society who have had -- struggle with very little capital."
In response to a question from Representative Barney Frank, Democrat of Massachusetts, Mr. Greenspan said he could not say whether he would have voted to create Social Security if he had been a member of Congress in 1935, when the retirement system was established.
Answering questions at a news conference at the White House, Mr. Bush said that "you can't cram an issue down people's throats," agreeing with a similar statement by Mr. Hastert last week. His job now, Mr. Bush said, is to convince voters to pressure Congress to act, a strategy that he acknowledged will only be successful if he can create a sense of urgency in the country.
"Why should somebody take the hard path if they don't believe there's a problem?" Mr. Bush said. "And so I'm going to spend a lot of time reminding people there is a problem. Once the people figure out there's a problem and I think they're beginning to understand that, then the question to ask those of us who have been elected is, what are you going to do about it?"
Mr. Bush reiterated his opposition to raising the 12.4 percent payroll tax rates, but did not respond directly to a question about whether raising the wage cap would violate his principle of opposing tax increases.
Mr. Hastert tried to play down the president's apparent willingness to at least allow a tax increase to be put on the table.
"We're a long way from determining exactly how this bill is going to be put together and how we're going to pay for it," the speaker said. "We're not there yet."
Democrats showed no sign that Mr. Bush's signal had softened their opposition to the administration's approach. Senator Harry Reid of Nevada, the Democratic leader, dismissed the president's comments on raising the caps on the payroll tax.
Mr. Reid insisted that until Mr. Bush produces a detailed plan, "he is not going to get us negotiating against ourselves."
A version of this article appears in print on February 18, 2005, on Page A00017 of the National edition with the headline: 2 Top G.O.P. Lawmakers Buck Bush on Social Security. Order Reprints| Today's Paper|Subscribe
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Asia Pacific|This Reporter Asks a Lot of Questions. In Japan, That Makes Her Unusual.
This Reporter Asks a Lot of Questions. In Japan, That Makes Her Unusual.
The reporter Isoko Mochizuki at The Tokyo Shimbun’s offices. Her interrogations of Japanese officials have made her something of a celebrity.CreditCreditIrene C. Herrera for The New York Times
By Motoko Rich
TOKYO — Isoko Mochizuki, a reporter for Tokyo’s largest regional newspaper, walks into a government news conference pulling a burgundy wheeled suitcase that holds her laptop, books and notes. She sits toward the back. After the other journalists politely ask their questions, she pounces.
Sometimes rambling, sometimes boring down on tiny details, she presses for answers. Often, the officials chastise her for being long-winded or cut her off altogether. “I don’t have to answer each of your questions,” Yoshihide Suga, the chief cabinet secretary, snapped recently after she asked about North Korea, and then stalked away from the podium.
Ms. Mochizuki, 43, has yet to break a major political scandal or expose business-toppling corruption. But she does ask a lot of questions. And that has made her something of a folk hero for press freedom in Japan.
While her industry colleagues often act more as stenographers than inquisitors, she refuses to take no for an answer, repeatedly getting under the skin of the politicians and bureaucrats she interrogates.
She says she views her mission as “really watching how people in power are behaving.” The government is “always trying to hide information from people,” she said in an interview. “That’s what we have to dig out.”
Asking questions, seeking facts: that might just sound like the basic job description of any reporter. “In our context, that’s like, ‘so what?’” said David Kaye, the United Nations special rapporteur on freedom of expression and a clinical professor of law at the University of California at Irvine, who has raised concerns about the independence of Japanese news media.
But in Japan, Mr. Kaye said, Ms. Mochizuki’s persistent questioning “seems pretty meaningful” — if nothing else, by showing that a reporter can refuse to submit to the compliant media culture.
Ms. Mochizuki is unusual in that she is a reporter covering the Tokyo metropolitan region who attends news conferences held by the central government. But she also stands apart as a vocal woman in the male-dominated world of Japanese politics.
“She is attacking these male bonds,” said Kaori Hayashi, a professor of sociology and media studies at the University of Tokyo. Ms. Mochizuki violates “what they have understood of what journalists should do at a press conference,” she said.
Chief Cabinet Secretary Yoshihide Suga at a Tokyo news conference in April. He recently snapped at Ms. Mochizuki, telling her, “I don’t have to answer each of your questions.”CreditEugene Hoshiko/Associated Press
Japan is a modern democracy where freedom of the press is enshrined in the Constitution, which American occupiers drafted after the war. It is not the kind of place where journalists are denounced as the “enemy of the people.”
Still, the government sometimes behaves in ways more reminiscent of authoritarian regimes, like denying some journalists access to news conferences, or using clubby relationships between politicians and media executives to keep reporters in line.
The news conferences that have made Ms. Mochizuki a celebrity in Japanese press circles are attended by members of the cabinet office’s so-called kisha club — a press association whose members are given priority to ask questions, and whose queries are sometimes vetted by government officials. (Ms. Mochizuki’s employer, The Tokyo Shimbun, is a member, which is why she is allowed to attend.)
Such press clubs, which exist for institutions as small as local police departments all the way up to the prime minister’s office, often bar nonmembers from even going to news conferences and strictly control the information that comes from government agencies.
After a mass stabbing in a Tokyo suburb in May, for instance, the prefectural police agency refused to allow reporters who were not members of the club to attend any news briefings, and it refused to give them even basic facts about the case.
Critics say reporters in this system tend to avoid confrontations with officials, for fear of being ejected from the clubs and losing privileged access to information, including occasional leaks. At one briefing this spring, a reporter used his chance to question Mr. Suga by asking if the government planned to give the baseball star Ichiro Suzuki a special award upon his retirement.
Ultimately, the press clubs dampen the investigative hunger of many journalists, constricting what Japanese citizens know about their government, industry observers say.
“There are many opaque scandals happening in Japan right now, and reporters should be pressing really hard to ask questions,” said Kozo Nagata, a former producer at NHK, the public broadcaster, and now a professor at Musashi University in Tokyo. “But the Japanese media is very sick with a malaise right now.”
As Ms. Mochizuki has bucked the system, the government, which faces a parliamentary election this month, has pushed back.
Last December, after she asked Mr. Suga questions about a military construction project on Okinawa, where local leaders have pushed for a reduction in the large American military presence, a cabinet office aide sent a memo to the press corps accusing Ms. Mochizuki of making “factual errors” during her questioning.
Although the memo indicated that Ms. Mochizuki would be allowed to attend future briefings, her defenders suspected that it was an underhanded attempt to squelch her. In a special full-page editorial in February, The Tokyo Shimbun, her employer, declared that “power cannot hinder or regulate the asking of questions by journalists.”
Ms. Mochizuki in the Tokyo Shimbun newsroom. The government is “always trying to hide information from people,” she said. “That’s what we have to dig out.”CreditIrene C. Herrera for The New York Times
In March, about 600 people rallied in support of Ms. Mochizuki at a protest in front of the prime minister’s office, chanting slogans like “Fight for truth!” and “Stop bullying reporters!” A feature film with a protagonist loosely based on Ms. Mochizuki was released in June, and she is also the subject of a forthcoming documentary.
As a child, Ms. Mochizuki aspired to become an actress. But after graduating from college with a degree in politics, she applied for jobs at a number of national broadsheet newspapers.
None offered her a job, but she secured a rookie slot at The Tokyo Shimbun and was sent to a rural bureau to cover the police. She rose quickly, landing a prestigious post covering the Tokyo district prosecutors’ office.
To get stories, she sometimes slept in a black town car parked outside the home of the lead prosecutor, the meter running as she waited for him to emerge for a morning walk. When her editors saw the car service bills, they moved her off the beat.
Eventually, she worked her way back to the metro desk. After she gave birth to her two children, she moved to the business desk, where she wrote several exposés about Japanese companies exporting military equipment.
She first came to national prominence two years ago, when she started showing up at Mr. Suga’s news conferences to ask detailed questions about a trove of documents related to an influence-peddling scandal involving Prime Minister Shinzo Abe.
Because another newspaper ultimately got hold of the leaked documents, some of Ms. Mochizuki’s critics in the press corps — none of whom would speak on the record — suggested that she had failed to get results and that her questioning amounted to theatrics.
Other journalists, speaking more generally, criticized Ms. Mochizuki’s style of questioning.
“Our feeling is just that we hope that she should regulate or restrict herself a bit more,” said Shiro Tazaki, a retired reporter from Jiji Press, a wire service. “In order to maintain this great system, we have to keep in mind the importance of not repeating the same questions.”
At Ms. Mochizuki’s newspaper, Nobuyuki Usuda, the managing editor, said she could occasionally be a management challenge.
“Sometimes she even goes against her bosses,” he said. “But that is good because she has clear opinions, and that is a virtue as a reporter.”
“Nowadays, we have so many quiet reporters,” he added. “Sometimes she can be too noisy — but mostly in a good way.”
Hisako Ueno contributed reporting.
A version of this article appears in print on , Section A, Page 11 of the New York edition with the headline: This Reporter Stands Out in Japan, Just by Asking a Lot of Questions. Order Reprints | Today’s Paper | Subscribe
Effort by Japan to Stifle News Media Is Working
As Scandal-Tarred Abe Meets Trump, ‘the Situation Is Getting Dangerous’
In Reporting a Scandal, the Media Are Accused of Just Listening
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Janice Cammon Columbia, South Carolina
It is with heartfelt sympathy that Eddie & Jackie Nelson and the Support Staff of Nelson's Funeral Home sadly announce the death of Mrs. Janice P. Cammon, 68, of Columbia, South Carolina. Mrs. Cammon transitioned into eternity Monday, July 8, 2019, at her residence. Funeral Services will be held Monday, July 15, 2019 at 11:00 a.m. at River of Life Church, 3945 US Hwy 321, Winnsboro, South Carolina. The family will receive friends one hour prior...
It is with heartfelt sympathy that Eddie & Jackie Nelson and the Support Staff of Nelson's Funeral Home sadly announce the death of Mrs. Janice P. Cammon, 68, of Columbia, South...
Elizabeth Brown Gaston, South Carolina
It is with sadness that Eddie & Jackie Nelson and the Support Staff of Nelson's Funeral Home, LLC announce the death of Mrs. Elizabeth Brown, 74, of Gaston, South Carolina. Mrs. Brown departed her earthly life Monday, July 8, 2019; at Providence Health of Winnsboro, South Carolina. Funeral services for Mrs. Brown will be held Saturday, July 13, 2019, 11:00 a.m. at Nelson's Funeral Home, 270 N. Dogwood Ave., Ridgeway, SC. Interment will follow in the...
It is with sadness that Eddie & Jackie Nelson and the Support Staff of Nelson's Funeral Home, LLC announce the death of Mrs. Elizabeth Brown, 74, of Gaston, South Carolina. Mrs....
Quincy Riley West Columbia, South Carolina
It is with sadness that Eddie & Jackie and the Support Staff of Nelson's Funeral Home announce the death of Mr. Quincy Riley, 83, of West Columbia, South Carolina. Mr. Riley departed his earthly life Thursday, July 4, 2019 at Opue Post Acute Care West Columbia. Graveside Services will be held Thursday, July 11, 2019; 11:00 a.m. at Piney Grove A.M.E. Church Cemetery Gaston, South Carolina. Pubic viewing will be held Wednesday,...
It is with sadness that Eddie & Jackie and the Support Staff of Nelson's Funeral Home announce the death of Mr. Quincy Riley, 83, of West Columbia, South Carolina. Mr. Riley...
Maggie Holmes Winnsboro, South Carolina
It is with profound sorrow that Eddie & Jackie Nelson and the Support Staff of Nelson's Funeral Home sadly announce the death of Mrs. Maggie R. Holmes, 66, of Winnsboro, South Carolina. Mrs. Holmes transitioned into eternity Thursday, July 4, 2019, at Prisma Health Richland. Funeral Services will be held Wednesday, July 10, 2019; 11:00 a.m. at Wells of Living Water Church Congress Street Winnsboro, South Carolina. Interment will follow in...
It is with profound sorrow that Eddie & Jackie Nelson and the Support Staff of Nelson's Funeral Home sadly announce the death of Mrs. Maggie R. Holmes, 66, of Winnsboro, South...
Terry Adams, Sr. Ridgeway, South Carolina
It is with profound sorrow that Eddie & Jackie Nelson and the Support Staff of Nelson's Funeral Home, LLC announce the death of Mr. Terry J. Adams, Sr. ,52, of Ridgeway, South Carolina. Mr. Adams transitioned into eternity Thursday, June 27, 2019, at Providence Hospital Columbia, South Carolina. Funeral services for Mr. Adams will be held Monday, July 1, 2019, 12:00 Noon at White Oak Baptist Church #1, 530 White Oak Church Road, Winnsboro, SC. Interment will...
It is with profound sorrow that Eddie & Jackie Nelson and the Support Staff of Nelson's Funeral Home, LLC announce the death of Mr. Terry J. Adams, Sr. ,52, of Ridgeway, South...
Ellen Dixon Lugoff, South Carolina
It is with sadness that Eddie & Jackie Nelson and the Support Staff of Nelson's Funeral Home announce the death of Mrs. Ellen Harris Dixon,74, of Lugoff, South Carolina. Mrs. Dixon transitioned into eternity Monday afternoon, June 24, 2019 at Kershaw Health Hospital Camden, South Carolina. Funeral services will be held Saturday, June 29, 2019, 12:00 noon at Sutton Branch Baptist Church, 420 Sutton Branch Road, Lugoff, SC. Interment will follow in the...
It is with sadness that Eddie & Jackie Nelson and the Support Staff of Nelson's Funeral Home announce the death of Mrs. Ellen Harris Dixon,74, of Lugoff, South Carolina. Mrs. Dixon...
Mae Davis Winnsboro, South Carolina
It is with profound sorrow that Eddie & Jackie Nelson and the Support Staff of Nelsons Funeral Home sadly announce the death of Mrs. Mae Nolia Davis, 90, of Winnsboro, South Carolina. Funeral Services will be held Saturday, June 22, 2019, 11:00 a.m., at Shiloh Presbyterian Church 1779 SC-213 HWY Winnsboro, South Carolina. Interment will follow in the church cemetery. Mrs. Davis will be available for public viewing Friday, June 21, 2019, 2:30 p.m. until 7:00...
It is with profound sorrow that Eddie & Jackie Nelson and the Support Staff of Nelsons Funeral Home sadly announce the death of Mrs. Mae Nolia Davis, 90, of Winnsboro, South...
Eloise Taylor
It is with profound sadness that Eddie & Jackie Nelson and the support staff of Nelson's Funeral Home announce the death of Mrs. Eloise Squirewell Taylor, 91, of Elgin, South Carolina. Mrs.Taylor departed her earthly life Wednesday, June 12, 2019 at her residence. Funeral services for Mrs. Taylor will be held Monday, June 17, 2019, 1:00 p.m. at St. Mark Baptist Church, 4118 Hwy 34, Ridgeway, SC. Interment will follow in the Rehoboth Baptist Church Cemetery, Hwy...
It is with profound sadness that Eddie & Jackie Nelson and the support staff of Nelson's Funeral Home announce the death of Mrs. Eloise Squirewell Taylor, 91, of Elgin, South...
Michelle Wallace Columbia, SC
It is with sadness that Eddie & Jackie Nelson and the Support Staff announce the death of Ms. Michelle Roshon Wallace, 48, of Ridgeway, South Columbia. Funeral Services for Ms. Wallace will be held Thursday, June 13, 2019; 11:00 a.m. at Antioch Baptist Church 1145 Old Windmill Road, South Carolina. Interment will follow in Fort Jackson National Cemetery with military honors. Ms. Wallace will be available for viewing Wednesday, June 12, 2019, 2:30 p.m. until 6:30...
It is with sadness that Eddie & Jackie Nelson and the Support Staff announce the death of Ms. Michelle Roshon Wallace, 48, of Ridgeway, South Columbia. Funeral Services for Ms. Wallace will...
Vernon Tucker Lugoff, South Carolina
It is with sadness that Eddie & Jackie Nelson and the Support Staff of Nelson’s Funeral Home announce the death of Mr. Vernon T. Tucker, 45, of Lugoff, South Carolina. Mr.Tucker departed his earthly life Saturday, May 25, 2019 at Kershaw Health Hospital Camden, South Carolina. Funeral services for Mr. Tucker will be Monday, June 3, 2019, 11:00 a.m. at Lugoff-Elgin High School, 1284 US-1, Lugoff, SC 29078. Interment will follow in the St. Matthew Baptist Church...
It is with sadness that Eddie & Jackie Nelson and the Support Staff of Nelson’s Funeral Home announce the death of Mr. Vernon T. Tucker, 45, of Lugoff, South Carolina. Mr.Tucker...
© 2019 Nelson's Funeral Home. All Rights Reserved. Funeral Home website by CFS
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Hi! Here are the latest Insider stories.
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By Matt Conran, Contributor, Network World | PT
Opinions expressed by ICN authors are their own.
Open architecture and open source – The new wave for SD-WAN?
As networking continues to evolve, you certainly don't want to break out a forklift every time new technologies are introduced. Open architecture would allow you to replace the components of a system, and give you more flexibility to control your own networking destiny.
opensource.com (CC BY-SA 2.0)
I recently shared my thoughts about the role of open source in networking. I discussed two significant technological changes that we have witnessed. I call them waves, and these waves will redefine how we think about networking and security.
The first wave signifies that networking is moving to the software so that it can run on commodity off-the-shelf hardware. The second wave is the use of open source technologies, thereby removing the barriers to entry for new product innovation and rapid market access. This is especially supported in the SD-WAN market rush.
Seemingly, we are beginning to see less investment in hardware unless there is a specific segment that needs to be resolved. But generally, software-based platforms are preferred as they bring many advantages. It is evident that there has been a technology shift. We have moved networking from hardware to software and this shift has positive effects for users, enterprises and service providers.
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Performance (hardware vs software)
There has always been a misconception that the hardware-based platforms are faster due to the hardware acceleration that exists in the network interface controller (NIC). However, this is a mistaken belief. Nowadays, software platforms can reach similar performance levels as compared to hardware-based platforms.
Initially, people viewed hardware as a performance-based vehicle but today this does not hold true anymore. Even the bigger vendors are switching to software-based platforms. We are beginning to see this almost everywhere in networking.
SD-WAN and open source
SD-WAN really took off quite rapidly due to the availability of open source. It enabled the vendors to leverage all the available open source components and then create their solution on top. By and large, SD-WAN vendors used the open source as the foundation of their solution and then added additional proprietary code over the baseline.
However, even when using various open source components, there is still a lot of work left for these vendors to make it to a complete SD-WAN solution, even for reaching a baseline of centrally managed routers with flexible network architecture control, not to talk about complete feature set of SD-WAN.
The result of the work done by these vendors is still closed products so the fact they are using open source components in their products is merely a time-to-market advantage but not a big benefit to the end users (enterprises) or service providers launching hosted services with these products. They are still limited in flexibility and vendor diversity is only achieved through a multi-vendor strategy which in practice means launching multiple silo services each based on a different SD-WAN vendor without real selection of the technologies that make each of the SD-WAN services they launch.
I recently came across a company called Flexiwan, their goal is to fundamentally change this limitation of SD-WAN by offering a full open source solution that, as they say, “includes integration points in the core of the system that allow for 3rd party logic to be integrated in an efficient way.” They call this an open architecture, which, in practical terms, means a service provider or enterprise can integrate his own application logic into the core of the SD-WAN router…or select best of breed sub-technologies or applications instead of having these dictated by the vendor himself. I believe there is the possibility of another wave of SD-WAN with a fully open source and open architecture to SD-WAN.
This type of architecture brings many benefits to users, enterprises and service providers, especially when compared to the typical lock-in of bigger vendors, such as Cisco and VMware.
With an open source open architecture, it’s easier to control the versions and extend more flexibility by using the software offered by different providers. It offers the ability to switch providers, not to mention being easier to install and upgrade the versions.
SD-WAN, open source and open architecture
An SD-WAN solution that is an open source with open architecture provides a modular and decomposed type of SD-WAN. This enables the selection of elements to provide a solution.
For example, enterprises and service providers can select the best-of-breed technologies from independent vendors, such as deep packet inspection (DPI), security, wide area network (WAN) optimization, session border controller (SBC), VoIP and other traffic specific optimization logic.
Some SD-WAN vendors define an open architecture in such a way that they just have a set of APIs, for example, northbound APIs, to enable one to build management or do service chaining. This is one approach to an open architecture but in fact, it’s pretty limited since it does not bring the full benefits that an open architecture should offer.
Open source and the fear of hacking
However, when I think about an open source and open architecture for SD-WAN, the first thing that comes to mind is bad actors. What about the code? If it’s an open source, the bad actor can find vulnerabilities, right?
The community is a powerful force and will fix any vulnerability. Also with open source, the vendor, who is the one responsible for the open source component will fix the vulnerability much faster than a closed solution, where you are unaware of the vulnerability until a fix is released.
The SD-WAN evolution
Before we go any further, let’s examine the history of SD-WAN and its origins, how we used to connect from the wide area network (WAN) to other branches via private or public links.
SD-WAN offers the ability to connect your organization to a WAN. This could be connecting to the Internet or other branches, to optimally deliver applications with a good user-experience. Essentially, SD-WAN allows the organizations to design the architecture of their network dynamically by means of software.
In the beginning, there was IPSec
It started with IPSec. Around two decades back, in 1995, the popular design was that of mesh architecture. As a result, we had a lot of point-to-point connections. Firstly, mesh architectures with IPSec VPNs are tiresome to manage as there is a potential for 100s of virtual private network (VPN) configurations.
Authentically, IPSec started with two fundamental goals. The first was the tunneling protocol that would allow organizations to connect the users or other networks to their private network. This enabled the enterprises to connect to networks that they did not have a direct route to.
The second goal of IPSec was to encrypt packets at the network layer and therefore securing the data in motion. Let’s face it: at that time, IPSec was terrible for complicated multi-site interconnectivity and high availability designs. If left to its defaults, IPSec is best suited for static designs.
This was the reason why we had to step in the next era where additional functionality was added to IPSec. For example, IPSec had issues in supporting routing protocols using multicast. To overcome this, IPSec over generic routing encapsulation (GRE) was introduced.
The next era of SD-WAN
During the journey to 2008, one could argue that the next era of WAN connectivity was when additional features were added to IPSec. At this time IPSec became known as a “Swiss army knife.” It could do many things but not anything really well.
Back then, you could create multiple links, but it failed to select the traffic over these links other than by using simple routing. You needed to add a routing protocol. For advanced agile architectures, IPSec had to be incorporated with other higher-level protocols.
Features were then added based on measuring the quality. Link quality features were added to analyze any delay, drops and to select alternative links for your applications. We began to add tunnels, multi-links and to select the traffic based on the priority, not just based on the routing.
The most common way to the tunnel was to have IPSec over GRE. You have the GRE tunnel that enables you to send any protocol end-to-end by using IPSec for the encryption. All this functionality was added to achieve and create dynamic tunnels over IPSec and to optimize the IPSec tunnels.
This was a move in the right direction, but it was still complex. It was not centrally managed and was error-prone with complex configurations that were unable to manage large deployments. IPSec had far too many limitations, so in the mid-2000s early SD-WAN vendors started cropping up. Some of these vendors enabled the enterprises to aggregate many separate digital subscriber lines (DSL) links into one faster logical link. At the same time, others added time stamps and/or sequence numbers to packets to improve the network performance and security when running over best effort (internet) links.
International WAN connectivity was a popular focus since the cost delta between the Internet and private multiprotocol label switching (MPLS) was 10x+ different. Primarily, enterprises wanted the network performance and security of MPLS without having to pay a premium for it.
Most of these solutions sat in-front or behind a traditional router from companies like Cisco. Evidently, just like WAN Optimization vendors, these were additional boxes/solutions that enterprises added to their networks.
The next era of SD-WAN, circa 2012
It was somewhere in 2012 that we started to see the big rush to the SD-WAN market. Vendors such as Velocloud, Viptela and a lot of the other big players in the SD-WAN market kicked off with the objective of claiming some of the early SD-WAN success and going after the edge router market with a full feature router replacement and management simplicity.
Open source networking software and other open source components for managing the traffic enabled these early SD-WAN vendors to lay a foundation where a lot of the code base was open source. They would then “glue” it together and add their own additional features.
Around this time, Intel was driving data plane development kit (DPDK) and advanced encryption standard (AES) instruction set, which enabled that software to run on commodity hardware. The SD-WAN solutions were delivered as closed solutions where each solution used its own set of features. The features and technologies chosen for each vendor were different and not compatible with each other.
The recent era of SD-WAN, circa 2017
A tipping point in 2017 was the gold rush for SD-WAN deployments. Everyone wanted to have SD-WAN as fast as possible.
The SD-WAN market has taken off, as seen by 50 vendors with competing, proprietary solutions and market growth curves with a CAGR of 100%. There is a trend of big vendors like Cisco, Vmware and Oracle acquiring startups to compete in this new market.
As a result, Cisco, which is the traditional enterprise market leader in WAN routing solutions felt threatened since its IWAN solution, which had been around since 2008, was too complex (a 900-page configuration and operations manual). Besides, its simple solution based on the Meraki acquisition was not feature-rich enough for the large enterprises.
With their acquisition of Viptela, Cisco currently has a 13% of the market share, and for the first time in decades, it is not the market leader. The large cloud vendors, such as Google and Facebook are utilizing their own technology for routing within their very large private networks.
At some point between 2012 and 2017, we witnessed the service providers adopting SD-WAN. This introduced the onset and movement of managed SD-WAN services. As a result, the service providers wanted to have SD-WAN on the menu for their customers. But there were many limitations in the SD-WAN market, as it was offered as a closed-box solution, giving the service providers limited control.
At this point surfaced an expectation of change, as service providers and enterprises looked for more control. Customers can get better functionality from a multi-vendor approach than from a single vendor.
Don’t forget DIY SD-WAN
Up to 60% of service providers and enterprises within the USA are now looking at DIY SD-WAN. A DIY SD-WAN solution is not where the many pieces of open source are taken and caste into something. The utmost focus is on the solution that can be self-managed but buy from a vendor.
Today, the majority of the market is looking for managed solutions and the upper section that has the expertise wants to be equipped with more control options.
SD-WAN vendors attempting everything
There is a trend that some vendors try to do everything with SD-WAN. As a result, whether you are an enterprise or a service provider, you are locked into a solution that is dictated by the SD-WAN vendor.
The SD-WAN vendors have made the supplier choice or developed what they think is relevant. Evidently, some vendors are using stacks and software development kits (SDKs) that they purchased, for example, for deep packet inspection (DPI).
Ultimately, you are locked into a specific solution that the vendor has chosen for you. If you are a service provider, you might disapprove of this limitation and if you are an enterprise with specific expertise, you might want to zoom in for more control.
All-in-one security vendors
Many SD-WAN vendors promote themselves as security companies. But would you prefer to buy a security solution from an SD-WAN vendor or from an experienced vendor, such as Checkpoint?
Both: enterprise and service providers want to have a choice, but with an integrated black box security solution, you don't have a choice. The more you integrate and throw into the same box, the stronger the vendor lock-in is and the weaker the flexibility.
Essentially, with this approach, you are going for the lowest common denominator instead of the highest. Ideally, the technology of the services that you deploy on your network requires expertise. One vendor cannot be an expert in everything.
An open architecture lies in a place for experts in different areas to join together and add their own specialist functionality.
Encrypted traffic
As a matter of fact, what is not encrypted today will be encrypted tomorrow. The vendor of the application can perform intelligent things that the SD-WAN vendor cannot because they control both sides. Hence, if you can put something inside the SD-WAN edge device, they can make smart decisions even if the traffic is encrypted.
But in the case of traditional SD-WANs, there needs to be a corporation with a content provider. However, with an open architecture, you can integrate anything, and nothing prevents the integration. A lot of traffic is encrypted and it's harder to manage encrypted traffic. However, an open architecture would allow the content providers to manage the traffic more effectively.
2019 and beyond: what is an open architecture?
Cloud providers and enterprises have discovered that 90% of the user experience and security problems arise due to the network: between where the cloud provider resides and where the end-user consumes the application.
Therefore, both cloud providers and large enterprise with digital strategies are focusing on building their solutions based on open source stacks. Having a viable open source SD-WAN solution is the next step in the SD-WAN evolution, where it moves to involve the community in the solution. This is similar to what happens with containers and tools.
Now, since we’re in 2019, are we going to witness a new era of SD-WAN? Are we moving to the open architecture with an open source SD-WAN solution? An open architecture should be the core of the SD-WAN infrastructure, where additional technologies are integrated inside the SD-WAN solution and not only complementary VNFs. There is an interface and native APIs that allow you to integrate logic into the router. This way, the router will be able to intercept and act according to the traffic.
So, if I’m a service provider and have my own application, I would want to write logic that would be able to communicate with my application. Without an open architecture, the service providers can’t really offer differentiation and change the way SD-WAN makes decisions and interacts with the traffic of their applications.
There is a list of various technologies that you need to be an expert in to be able to integrate. And each one of these technologies can be a company, for example, DPI, VoIP optimization, and network monitoring to name a few. An open architecture will allow you to pick and choose these various elements as per your requirements.
Networking is going through a lot of changes and it will continue to evolve with the passage of time. As a result, you wouldn’t want something that forces you to break out a forklift each time new technologies are introduced. Primarily, open architecture allows you to replace the components of the system and add code or elements that handle specific traffic and applications.
Open source gives you more flexibility to control your own destiny. It offers the ability to select your own services that you want to be applied to your system. It provides security in the sense that if something happens to the vendor or there is a vulnerability in the system, you know that you are backed by the community that can fix such misadventures.
From the perspective of the business model, it makes a more flexible and cost-effective system. Besides, with open source, the total cost of ownership will also be lower.
This article is published as part of the IDG Contributor Network. Want to Join?
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Matt Conran has more than 17 years of networking industry with entrepreneurial start-ups, government organizations and others. He is a lead Architect and successfully delivered major global greenfield service provider and data center networks.
Now read: Getting grounded in IoT
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Commercial and Property Blog
Entrepreneur visa
The Australian Department of Immigration & Border Protection (DIBP) is making changes to the visa system as part of the National Innovation and Science Agenda.
It is intended that these changes will help Australia attract and retain the best and brightest entrepreneurial talent and the skilled, talented people Australia needs to drive ideas from research to commercial reality.
On 10 September 2016, DIBP launched a new Entrepreneur visa’ stream and amended the ‘points test’ for the skilled migration programme.
The Entrepreneur visa is part of the Business Innovation and Investment visa programme. Entrepreneurs interested in applying for the Entrepreneur visa will need to submit an Expression of Interest (EOI) in SkillSelect and be nominated by a State or Territory government.
Key eligibility criteria includes:
Applicants must be undertaking, or proposing to undertake, an entrepreneurial venture in Australia.
The entrepreneurial venture must not be related to residential real estate or labour hire or involve purchasing an existing business or franchise.
Applicants must also be under 55 years of age, have a competent level of English, and have at least 30 per cent interest in their entrepreneurial venture.
There must be one or more funding agreements in place for at least $200,000 between the entrepreneur or venture and a third party funding body or bodies.
Sources of third party funding are limited to state and territory governments, Commonwealth agencies, Publicly Funded Research Organisations, and investors registered as a Venture Capital Limited
Partnerships (VCLP) or Early Stage Venture Capital Limited Partnerships (ESVCLP). Agreements outlining funds from a combination of these sources are also acceptable.
Applicants must have a business plan outlining their plans for their venture in Australia.
An Entrepreneur visa holder can progress to permanent residency after four years if they can meet a measure of success, which includes factors such as business turnover, employment of Australians and ability to obtain significant financial backing.
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B-Sides Mondrian Porcelain Vase
Meegan Barnes
Price: $350.00 $350
$315.00 Members
Meegan is a Los Angeles based artist and sculptor.
Her work is cheeky, irreverent and empowering. It’s feminine and feminist, it’s got grit, it's got glamour.
Meegan's sculptures are rooted in the tradition of craft with nods to ancient traditions, spiritual symbolism, warrior women and modern day pop culture. She is playfully creating the ancient artifacts of tomorrow. Originally from the Bay Area, Meegan lived and worked in New York as an illustrator for the fashion, beauty, and music industries. After traveling to Brazil in 2005 she returned home and sculpted her first derriere. 'Butts are sensual, symmetrical, and also represent a duality that’s a big part of my own personality. I was also so inspired by the body confidence of the women there, I hope to inspire more women here to appreciate their own "ass"ets.'
Slipcast porcelain and ceramic decals
Size 10" x 6" x 4"
Featured Home, Kitchen, Best Selling Gifts, Limited Edition Gifts, Art, Limited Editions
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Hugh Jackman's 'ridiculous' body
Ellen Page says her X-Men: Days of Future Past co-star Hugh Jackman has a "ridiculous" body.
Hugh Jackman's body is "ridiculous in person”.
The 44-year-old actor has got in shape to reprise the role of Wolverine for X-Men: Days of Future Past and his co-star Ellen Page has been impressed by his physique.
She told entertainment news website E! Online, "It's as or more [ridiculous] in person. I might have caught him with his shirt off and I was, like, 'Dang! How much time does that take?!' "
Ellen's last X-Men movie was 2006's X-Men: The Last Stand with Hugh and Halle Berry and she loves that the cast have reunited for the prequel, along with the new franchise stars including Jennifer Lawrence.
She said, "It's been awesome. It's felt like a reunion and [with] a whole new cast that's sick. You have Jennifer Lawrence and James McAvoy and Michael Fassbender. I couldn't be more excited to be back.
"I think it's awesome. I think [director] Bryan Singer is making an incredibly epic film."
Bryan recently revealed his hopes that the mix of older and newer faces ? including Ian McKellen as Magneto from the original trilogy and Jennifer as Mystique from First Class ? will entice all audiences.
He explained, "We wanted an opportunity to bring some of the favourite older and younger characters together."
Other A-list stars who are set to reprise their roles from the various X-Men films include Patrick Stewart, Anna Paquin and Shawn Ashmore [Iceman from First Class].
-Bang Showbiz
Elke dag n avontuur
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Greg Morrisett named dean of Cornell Tech
14-Jun-2019 10:05 AM EDT
Education, Technology
Cornell Tech, Higher Education
CORNELL UNIVERSITY MEDIA RELATIONS OFFICE
Newswise — ITHACA, N.Y. – Greg Morrisett, dean of Cornell University’s Faculty of Computing and Information Science and an international expert in software security, has been named the Jack and Rilla Neafsey Dean and Vice Provost of Cornell Tech, Provost Michael Kotlikoff announced June 7. The five-year appointment, approved by the Executive Committee of the Cornell Board of Trustees, is effective Aug. 1.
Morrisett has stewarded CIS through four years of explosive growth, recruiting world-renowned faculty, integrating the computer and information science departments, and spearheading the development of the new Department of Statistics and Data Science. His research focuses on building provably correct and secure software, with an emphasis on cryptographic schemes, machine learning and compilers.
“Greg is highly respected for his academic accomplishments, and has also built connections to industry and government leaders and fostered entrepreneurship at CIS, critical attributes for the next leader of Cornell Tech,” Kotlikoff said. “He’s had an enormous impact on Computing and Information Science, and because he’s been a key partner in the success of Cornell Tech, he is perfectly positioned to lead the campus on its next phase of growth, maintaining strong connections between Cornell Tech and CIS, Engineering and the other colleges on the Ithaca campus and at Weill Cornell Medicine.”
Morrisett will take the helm of Cornell Tech as it moves into its second phase of development, building on its cutting-edge faculty, strong relationships with industry and New York City leaders, and innovative, cross-disciplinary and socially conscious approach to technology education.
“As New York City becomes an increasingly important technology hub, we want to help make sure it’s inclusive, representative of a broad range of disciplines and avoids some of the problems we’ve seen emerge as technology becomes more and more central to our lives.”
“I’ve had the good fortune of working with Cornell Tech over the last four years as CIS dean, and so I know both the great challenges and great opportunities that the campus affords the university. I’m really, really excited and thrilled to be working on that,” Morrisett said. “The mission and rise of technology in society demands a new approach to thinking about how we educate students, and Cornell Tech’s studio curriculum has been a real revolution in bringing together students from different backgrounds and in providing them with the kind of training that industry and startups need.”
Morrisett said he is also eager to work with Cornell Tech’s faculty, including those at the Jacobs Technion-Cornell Institute, a partnership between Cornell and the Technion-Israel Institute of Technology. Morrisett noted that the faculty collaborates on innovative projects in disciplines including not only computing and information science but engineering, business, law, design and urban planning. In addition to deepening connections with Ithaca, Morrisett said he looks forward to continuing Cornell Tech’s engagement with New York City through programs such as Women in Technology and Entrepreneurship in New York and the K-12 Initiative.
“As New York City becomes an increasingly important technology hub, we want to help make sure it’s inclusive, representative of a broad range of disciplines and avoids some of the problems we’ve seen emerge as technology becomes more and more central to our lives,” Morrisett said. “We need to teach students to develop not just the new cutting-edge stuff but to think in an ethically robust fashion – not just developing technology for technology’s sake but doing it in a way that moves society forward.”
Jon Kleinberg ’93, the Tisch University Professor of Computer Science, will serve as interim dean of CIS, a position he also held from 2014-15, Kotlikoff said.
“I’m looking forward to building on what Greg has accomplished in CIS, and also to working with him between CIS and Cornell Tech,” Kleinberg said. “I’m excited to once again be serving in this role with outstanding colleagues and outstanding opportunities for computing both at Cornell and in the field more broadly.”
Cornell Tech is currently home to 30 permanent, tenure-track faculty, as well as more than 80 affiliated faculty and 300 graduate students. Initial plans for its next phase of development include adding 1 million square feet of space and 850 students over the next decade.
Morrisett, who received his B.S. in mathematics and computer science from the University of Richmond, and his M.S. and Ph.D. in computer science from Carnegie Mellon University, was a member of Cornell’s computer science faculty from 1996 to 2004. He then served as the associate dean for computer science and engineering, director of the Center for Research on Computation and Society, and professor of computer science at Harvard University before returning to Cornell as CIS dean in 2015.
He is a fellow of the Association for Computing Machinery and has received numerous awards for his research on programming languages, type systems and software security, including a Presidential Early Career Award for Scientists and Engineers, an IBM Faculty Fellowship, a National Science Foundation Career Award and a Sloan Research Fellowship from the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation. He spent a sabbatical year as a visiting researcher at Microsoft Research from 2002-03.
Morrisett will succeed Cornell Tech’s founding dean, Dan Huttenlocher, who is stepping down Aug. 1 to become the inaugural dean of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology’s Schwarzman College of Computing.
“I’m extraordinarily grateful to Dan for building an incredibly strong foundation at Cornell Tech for future growth,” Kotlikoff said.
Cornell University has television, ISDN and dedicated Skype/Google+ Hangout studios available for media interviews.
For additional information, see this Cornell Chronicle story.
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HomeNew Hampshire Bar Association Discusses First...
New Hampshire Bar Association Discusses First Amendment Issues, Presents Awards at Midyear Meeting 2019
Concord, NH,
More than 600 attorneys and guests attended the NH Bar Association’s annual Midyear Meeting on Friday, February 15, at the DoubleTree by Hilton in Manchester, NH. The program featured nationally known speakers leading discussion around the history and interpretation of the First Amendment and its evolution, especially as it pertains today to freedom of speech on campus and in the new public square of social media, as well as freedom of the press. A perennial highlight of the event was the honors and awards luncheon that recognized attorneys from around the state for their service to the public and the profession. The day began with the Gender Equality Breakfast, a highly anticipated annual event, attended by nationally recognized speakers and advocates of gender equality in the New Hampshire legal profession.
Gender Equality Committee Chair Beth Ann Deragon and Holly B. Haines with Hollman Award
Holly B. Haines of Abramson, Brown & Dugan in Manchester accepted the Philip S. Hollman Award for Gender Equality this year. The award, established on the occasion of Judge Hollman’s retirement from the Superior Court bench in 2003, honors Judge Hollman’s efforts as a stalwart advocate for gender equality in the legal system. Since 2003, Holly Haines has represented patients who are injured by negligent medical care as part of the Abramson, Brown & Dugan firm in Manchester. Haines received her law degree from the Franklin Pierce Law Center (UNH School of Law) and subsequently served for two years as a law clerk to the justices of the New Hampshire Superior Court and for one year as a law clerk to the Honorable Joseph P. Nadeau at the New Hampshire Supreme Court. Haines has been very involved in local and national legal communities, serving on the board of governors for the American Association for Justice, the New Hampshire Association for Justice, and the New Hampshire Women’s Bar Association, where she served as President from 2010 to 2012. She is a fellow of the American Bar Foundation and the New
Lauren Stiller Rikleen of the Rikleen Institute for Strategic Leadership spoke at the Gender Equality Breakfast
Hampshire Bar Foundation, where she currently chairs the “Fostering Legal Independence” initiative for the state’s foster care system. Haines has received many awards for her representation of victims of medical malpractice and for her service to the legal profession within bar associations and professional organizations. She received the Robert E. Kirby Award from the NH Bar Foundation in 2011 and she received the President’s Award from the NH Association for Justice in 2017.
Following the award bestowed to Haines, Lauren Stiller Rikleen of the Rikleen Institute for Strategic Leadership discussed conduct in the workplace, gender bias in the legal profession and the need for change.
The Awards Luncheon honored those who use their skills and talents to help those in need in the communities we serve.
Janet F. DeVito was presented with the Distinguished Service to the Public Award.
Janet F. DeVito was presented with the Distinguished Service to the Public Award. Janet DeVito recently retired as general counsel of the NH Supreme Court’s Attorney Discipline Office. She joined the office in 2002 as assistant general counsel. DeVito received her B.A. from Middlebury College and her M.Ed. from St. Michael’s College. She earned her JD from Franklin Pierce Law Center (UNH School of Law). She is a former chair of the NHBA Family Law Section and former member of the NHBA Ethics Committee. Prior to working at the NH Supreme Court Attorney Discipline Office, she was in private practice where she focused primarily on family law, including working as a Guardian Ad Litem and volunteering as a DOVE attorney.
Kimberly A. Weibrecht of Weibrecht & Ecker in Dover was awarded the Vickie M. Bunnell Award for Community Service.
Kimberly A. Weibrecht of Weibrecht & Ecker in Dover was awarded the Vickie M. Bunnell Award for Community Service. Kimberly Weibrecht is managing partner of Weibrecht & Ecker. With nearly 20 years of legal experience, she has tried and negotiated hundreds of civil and criminal cases. She graduated from Northeastern University School of Law in 1998, and from the University of New Hampshire in 1993, magna cum laude. Her work has spanned District, Juvenile, and Superior courts and includes dozens of jury trials and bench trials. She has held several positions in the NH Judicial Branch and with Strafford County and has worked as a national justice systems consultant and facilitator. Weibrecht has dedicated the second half of her career to learning about and seeking training in the alternative dispute resolution (ADR) techniques of Mediation and Collaborative Law. She is a national consultant on justice system policy and has authored and contributed to Gender Equality Award Presented at the Gender Equality Breakfast Presentation of 2019Awards several nationally disseminated justice system publications. In addition, Weibrecht has served as a faculty member for the National Judicial College as an expert on judicial policy. Locally, she has served as board member and co-chair of the Collaborative Law Alliance of NH, cochair of the NHBA Alternative Dispute Resolution Section, chair of the Seacoast Collaborative Divorce Professionals, president of the Strafford County Bar Association, board member of the Charles C. Doe Inns of Court, and board member of the NH Public Defender.
Lynne J. Clay of the Disability Rights Center- NH in Concord was bestowed the Outstanding Service in Public Sector/Public Interest Law Award.
Lynne J. Clay of the Disability Rights Center- NH in Concord was bestowed the Outstanding Service in Public Sector/Public Interest Law Award. Lynne Clay is the managing attorney of the Disability Rights Center–NH and has devoted her career to public interest work and teaching. She graduated from Rhode Island College in 1982 with a B.A., magna cum laude, in Communications and Psychology. She received her JD degree from Suffolk University Law School in 1989 cum laude. Clay was admitted to the Massachusetts Bar in 1989 and the New Hampshire Bar in 1991. She has been an attorney with DRC–NH since 1991. During her time with the organization, she has served in many roles including managing attorney, supervising intake attorney, intake attorney and staff attorney. Her many years of experience have given her knowledge in many substantive areas of disability practice, including the Americans with Disabilities Act, The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act, Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act, Juvenile Law, Social Security, Housing and Medicaid. Clay’s practice has included litigation in state and federal courts including the U.S. First Circuit Court of Appeals. She is also DRC’s Section 504/ADA compliance coordinator. She was an adjunct faculty member at Middlesex Community College for over 20 years where she taught constitutional law, criminal evidence and court procedures and criminal law.
Raymond “Ry” Sumner Perry Jr. of NH DHHS Division of Community Based Care Services Bureau of Behavioral Health in Concord was recognized posthumously with the Special Service to the Profession and to the Public President’s Award.
Raymond “Ry” Sumner Perry Jr. of NH DHHS Division of Community Based Care Services Bureau of Behavioral Health in Concord was recognized posthumously with the Special Service to the Profession and to the Public President’s Award. A graduate of Notre Dame University and Franklin Pierce Law Center (UNH School of Law) , Raymond “Ry” Sumner Perry Jr. worked as the executive director of the New Hampshire Commission for Human Rights, for the law firm of Sheehan Phinney Bass & Green, and as the director of client and legal services at the Division of Behavioral Health for New Hampshire Health and Human Services. While fighting for the rights and dignity of others, he received numerous accolades including the “HR Hero” Award for his support of the Human Resources Community of New Hampshire and was recognized by the Granite State Independent Living Foundation for his contributions to individuals with disabilities. As a graduate student without a reliable car, Perry rode an old bike to law school which began his lifelong passion for cycling. He regularly competed in races including the Mount Washington Hill Climb, 24 Hours of Great Glen, and Crank the Kanc, and enjoyed several treks with friends on the Blue Ridge Parkway. As an avid randonneur, Perry rode the length of New Hampshire from Canada to Massachusetts in a single day. Surrounded by his family, Ry Perry died from an injury sustained while mountain biking on October 27, 2018. Raymond “Ry” Sumner Perry Jr.’s award was accepted by his family.
Pro Bono Awards were given to the ‘Rising Stars’ of the legal community and for Distinguished Pro Bono service to the community. These recipients work to make a difference for those in need who are disadvantaged families, individuals and seniors.
Alexandra (Lexi) Cote of McLane Middleton in Manchester received the Pro Bono Rising Stars Award.
Alexandra (Lexi) Cote of McLane Middleton in Manchester received the Pro Bono Rising Stars Award. Lexi Cote quickly showed her stripes as a Pro Bono volunteer when she jumped into a complicated housing foreclosure case on the eve of trial, only a few months after joining McLane Middleton. She immediately established a positive rapport with the Pro Bono client, an elderly, disabled woman in great distress. The case involved a municipal foreclosure, a large, historical medical judgment, bankruptcy law and a host of complicated legal and personal issues. Lexi made herself an expert in all of them, explaining options to the client, maneuvering the case through mediation with one party, negotiating with the judgment creditor, and salvaging some positive outcomes from a difficult situation. In just a short period after entering the Pro Bono case, Lexi devoted well over 100 hours of time to the matter, employing a high degree of skill and professionalism, tenacity, and empathy for the client, all qualities of a “Rising Star.”
Kimberly A. Shaughnessy of Shaughnessy Raiche in Bedford received the Pro Bono Rising Stars Award.
Kimberly A. Shaughnessy of Shaughnessy Raiche in Bedford received the Pro Bono Rising Stars Award. A participant in DOVE Project training as a Daniel Webster Scholar at UNH Law, Kim wasted no time taking her first DOVE case as a practicing attorney. Since her admission to the New Hampshire Bar in 2015, she has been a champion for the DOVE Project. In three short years, Kim has represented eight victims of domestic violence in protective order cases and recently expanded her services to include divorce and parenting cases. As one of Kim’s DOVE clients wrote in a survey, “She was very professional and kind. She explained the confusing legal process to me in terms that I could understand. I am thankful that she was there to represent me because I don’t know how I could have done it on my own.” Her understanding of the unique needs of vulnerable clients makes her both a compassionate and extremely effective advocate. There is no doubt that her infectious enthusiasm for Pro Bono service encourages others to do the same.
Sara B. Crisp of Morneau Law in Nashua, received the Pro Bono Rising Stars Award
Sara B. Crisp of Morneau Law in Nashua, received the Pro Bono Rising Stars Award. Sara Crisp came to Pro Bono’s notice even before she was a member of the New Hampshire Bar. A UNH Law student working at Morneau Law, she served as co-counsel on several Pro Bono family and DOVE cases under Rule 36. Since being admitted to the Bar in 2016, Sara has taken eight Pro Bono cases and has continued the “giving-back” cycle by involving a UNH Law student as co-counsel on some of her Pro Bono cases, under Rule 36. It is that sort of mentorship that generates a culture of service in the legal profession. Sara’s passion for representing extremely vulnerable clients has been an enormous asset to the Pro Bono Program. She has accepted multiple challenging family cases, including representing clients with limited English proficiency, and always represents her clients with professionalism and respect. Sara will be joining The Crisp Law Firm in Concord on February 25, 2019.
Michael E. Strauss of Nixon Peabody in Manchester received the Rising Stars Award
Michael E. Strauss of Nixon Peabody in Manchester received the Rising Stars Award. While an associate at McLane Middleton, “Rising Star” Michael Strauss’ resolute volunteer efforts led to his Pro Bono clients receiving just results in matters impacting their daily lives. In one case, Mike obtained the return of funds his Pro Bono client paid for a used car that turned out was not road worthy without major repairs, while also securing reimbursement of his client’s costs. Mike’s efforts allowed his client to move on to purchase another vehicle, a basic necessity in rural New Hampshire. In another matter, Mike was able to preserve a single mom’s shelter, proving the landlord’s eviction action was retaliatory. The case did not end there, however, with Mike appealing the lower court’s decision, asserting the law requires assessment of penalties against the landlord for unlawful conduct. No matter the case, Mike approaches it with a strong sense of righting unfair and inappropriate actions against his clients.
Robert D. Hunt of Davis Hunt Law in Franklin received the Distinguished Pro Bono Service Award.
Robert D. Hunt of Davis Hunt Law in Franklin received the Distinguished Pro Bono Service Award. Rob Hunt signed on as a Pro Bono volunteer 12 years ago and quickly became a champion for victims and survivors of domestic violence in court and within his community. He invests most of his Pro Bono service as a DOVE volunteer, representing victims at final restraining order hearings but often goes the extra mile to address further legal issues of his clients. A crisis center advocate reflected that, “He treats all victims and survivors with a level of compassion and respect that makes them feel validated and supported.” Personally responsive to Pro Bono requests, Rob is also a true ambassador for the Pro Bono Program by encouraging new lawyers to embrace “pro bono” service as an important aspect of their profession. Rob actively volunteers in his community and serves on the board of New Beginnings Crisis Service. Truth be told, the Pro Bono staff could never quantify the time Rob has given nor the positive impact he has engendered in his community and the legal profession.
Dennis J. Kurdek of Kurdek Law Office in Merrimack received the Distinguished Pro Bono Service Award
Dennis J. Kurdek of Kurdek Law Office in Merrimack received the Distinguished Pro Bono Service Award. For Dennis Kurdek, law is his second career. Attending law school in 2010, he transitioned from a 27-year career in federal law enforcement to founding and managing his own law practice. His goal—to make a difference. On being admitted to the New Hampshire Bar in 2015, Dennis quickly put his vision into practice. Since 2015, he has accepted 17 cases through the Pro Bono Program and doesn’t shy away from having multiple Pro Bono cases on his plate at any given time. Aside from the sheer number, his cases are from numerous practice areas, making him a versatile volunteer. Whether assisting a young, indigent mother in getting a prior criminal conviction annulled or helping a survivor of domestic violence secure protection from her abuser, Dennis represents all his Pro Bono clients with the utmost care and compassion.
Colin M. Jean of Attorney at Law in Nashua received the Distinguished Pro Bono Service Award.
Colin M. Jean of Attorney at Law in Nashua received the Distinguished Pro Bono Service Award. A sole practitioner in Nashua, Colin Jean has been providing free legal assistance to low-income individuals and families through the Pro Bono Referral Program since 2006. The list of Pro Bono clients he has helped during the ensuing 12 years is a long one. He has focused his service on helping people submerged in debt and those facing loss of their shelter through eviction. More than once, Colin has jumped in with little notice to represent tenants otherwise on their own, telling Pro Bono staff, “I have to be in court that morning anyway.” He shows a deep generosity of spirit as he consistently helps the vulnerable and disadvantaged in his community with their basic legal needs. Not only are his clients grateful, but so is the Pro Bono staff!
Jane M. Schirch of Shanelaris & Schirch of Nashua received the Distinguished Pro Bono Service Award.
Jane M. Schirch of Shanelaris & Schirch of Nashua received the Distinguished Pro Bono Service Award. Since forming the partnership of Shanelaris & Schirch in 2000, Jane Schirch has been a steadfast volunteer with the Pro Bono Referral Program, concentrating in the area of family law. She has made a difference for dozens of families in crisis, applying her knowledge, skills and empathy to frequently challenging situations, always keeping her eye on the best interests of the children involved. Jane’s participation in Pro Bono extends beyond her individual casework to include clinics centered on the legal needs of veterans. Every year, too, she takes to the fairway to join colleagues in supporting Pro Bono at the annual Quid Pro Bono Golf Tournament. Jane is a mainstay of the Pro Bono Program, generously extending her services to assist low-income people in her community, giving them the opportunity to secure a more stable and hopeful future.
NHBA Pro Bono Award Winners and NHBA Pro Bono staff Midyear Meeting 2019
(Sue Alexander, Angelika Wilkerson, Pam Dodge, Dennis Kurdek, Kim Shaughnessy, Lexi Cote, Michael Strauss, Sara Crisp, Jane Schirch, Rob Hunt, Ginny Martin, Janice Rabchenuk, Carolann Wooding, Brian Shaughnessy; missing is Colin Jean)
Robert McWhirter
The educational program was kicked off by Mark Jackson, Director of the First Amendment Clinic at Cornell Law School, followed by a presentation by author and attorney, Robert McWhirter. McWhirter provided a timeline for the history of freedom of speech and the press. His presentation explored the historic principles and intentions that guided the framers in crafting the First Amendment and how these principles have evolved with time and media. Chancellor Howard Gillman of
Howard Gillman
University of California, Irvine, continued the discussion of the First Amendment as it applies to the college campus of today. He discussed the central arguments for prohibiting the censorship of ideas on campus, and how colleges can handle free speech controversies.
The afternoon session was lead by Ramya Krishnan of the Knight First Amendment Institute at Columbia University, speaking to First Amendment Issues in the Digital Age. Krishnan discussed how Social Media companies and information platforms have a poorly understood but profound influence on public discourse. Krishnan spoke to how these companies decide who gets to speak, what can be said, and who gets heard in what is sometimes labeled the “digital public square”. The session concluded with attendees asking questions and panel discussion of what had been covered over the day. The panelists featured were Professor John Greabe of UNH Law School, Professor Jennifer Brooke Sargent of Dartmouth College, Ramya Krishnan, Chancellor Howard Gillman, Robert McWhirter, and Mark Jackson.
NHBA Panel Discussion Midyear Meeting 2019
(John Greabe, Jennifer Brooke Sargent, Robert McWhirter, Howard Gillman, Ramya Krishnan, and Mark Jackson)
Contact Jennifer Pinckney
Email jpinckney@nhbar.org
Website www.nhbar.org
About the NH Bar Association: The New Hampshire Bar Association (NHBA) is a non-profit 501(c)(6), focused on connecting its members and the public to services and opportunities needed regarding the law.
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https://www.nhregister.com/business/article/Three-generation-Jet-Cleaners-downsizes-but-11319421.php
Three-generation Jet Cleaners downsizes but sticks to New Haven’s State Street
Three-generation family dry cleaner downsizes on State Street
By Mary O’Leary moleary@nhregister.com @nhrmoleary on Twitter
Jet Cleaners owner Mike Amore at 687 State St., just days before the business moved to a smaller space at 762 State St.
Photo: Mary O’Leary — New Haven Register
NEW HAVEN >> Mike Amore, whose family has run Jet Cleaners for more than six decades, is returning to his roots with a smaller operation just a short walk from his longtime location on State Street.
The move clears the way for his former landlord, Paul Kaplan, to clear the space for a potential brew pub at Jet’s 687 State St. former home, adjacent to the Interstate 91 northbound entrance.
Kaplan said the partners and the details of the proposed brew pub are still being sorted out, but he expects both to be finalized shortly.
He obtained an exploratory demolition permit Wednesday to prepare the space for a new use.
That permit covers taking down the interior walls and removing the remaining equipment, most of which had been broken up and disposed of already.
When Amore, 59, shifted his business to a storefront at 762 State St. earlier this week, he took with him the water fountain that burbled behind customers for decades in the middle of the indoor garden he had created.
Soap bubbles were floating on top in its maiden display at its new home, from cleaning that was a little too aggressive.
Amore had to turn off the water circulator at one point as the sound was amplified in the smaller space.
The latest iteration of the business will be a drop-off and pick-up operation for his longtime customers. The actual cleaning is taking place off-site in what his workers described as an environmentally friendly process.
Accompanying him to the new location is Carla Esposito, a 37-year employee, and Torrye Burke, who has worked for Amore for a decade, but who has been in the cleaning business for more than three decades.
“As the times have changed for the way we dress, we were way over capacity. As the equipment got older, you can’t really invest in all new equipment, because what is the justification for doing that?” Amore said.
Years before this, Amore sold the land to Kaplan and became his tenant as casual clothing replaced more formal business attire in the workplace.
The cleaning business has been a three-generation investment for the Amores, with immigrant founder Nicholas Amore and his wife, Rose, running Chapel Laundry on Grand Avenue during World War II.
Mike Amore’s father — also Mike — his grandfather Nicholas, and his uncle Jim opened the first Jet One-Hour cleaners at 700 State St. at the corner of Trumbull Street.
“It’s almost like back to the future,” present owner Mike Amore said. “We were a small neighborhood cleaners. We became this huge cleaners during the roaring ’80s and now we are downsizing over to 762 State St.”
This is all happening in the business’s 61st year — an operation with no break in service.
“And we are going to be around for a long time to come,” said Burke.
Amore said he couldn’t see himself shutting it down.
“I still have a lot of gas in the tank,” he said “Even if I was independently wealthy, I don’t know if I could sit home and do nothing.”
He said he loves meeting so many different people, from Yale University, the business community and customers from throughout the city.
“We love the work. We love the business. You know me, I love people,” Amore said.
He chats up every customer. He knows their families. He knows where they work.
“My biggest problem is I talk too much. I like my customers too much and I talk too much,” he said.
Amore said he is always asked who is his best customer.
“You’d love for every customer to spend $100 a week. Your best customer is the guy who spends 100 percent of his dry-cleaning budget with you, whether its $40 a week or $40 a year for the wedding and the funeral suits,” Amore said.
“That’s how we treat everyone,” he said.
Esposito said leaving the old space reminded her of the time her parents sold their house and all her memories were going in the dumpster.
“That’s exactly how I felt,” she said. “I was crying for two weeks.”
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https://www.nhregister.com/connecticut/article/Maryland-DC-attorneys-general-plan-lawsuit-11315140.php
Maryland, DC attorneys general plan lawsuit against Trump
Brian Witte, Associated Press
Published 11:25 am EDT, Monday, June 12, 2017
President Donald Trump listens during his meeting with U.S. Mayors and Governors for a Infrastructure Summit in the State Dinning Room of the White House in Washington on June 8, 2017.
Photo: AP Photo — Pablo Martinez Monsivais
The attorneys general of Maryland and the District of Columbia say they will sue Donald Trump on Monday, alleging he has violated the Constitution by taking payments from foreign governments as president.
Maryland Attorney General Brian Frosh outlined details of the lawsuit in an interview with The Associated Press. Much of it is focused on alleged violations of the emoluments clause of the Constitution, based on Trump’s real estate holdings. The clause prohibits the president and other government employees from accepting foreign gifts and payments without congressional approval.
The Trump Hotel in the nation’s capital affects business in the Washington area and is part of the reason the lawsuit was filed by officials in the District of Columbia and Maryland, Frosh said.
“We have economic interests that are impacted, but the most salient factor is that when the president is subject to foreign influence, we have to be concerned about whether the actions he’s taking — both at home and abroad — are the result of payments that he is receiving at the Trump Hotel, payments that he is receiving at Mar-a-Lago, payments that he is receiving at Trump Tower, payments that he is receiving in all of his other far-flung enterprises, and he brags about it,” Frosh said.
Frosh and District of Columbia Attorney General Karl Racine have scheduled a news conference Monday to announce the lawsuit.
The lawsuit also focuses on the fact that Trump chose to retain ownership of his company when he became president. Trump said he was shifting assets into a trust managed by his sons to eliminate potential conflicts of interests.
The White House did not immediately respond to requests for comment Monday. The president called an earlier, similar lawsuit about the emoluments issue “without merit, totally without merit.”
If a federal judge allows the case to proceed, Racine and Frosh say they will demand copies of Trump’s personal tax returns in court to gauge the extent of his foreign business dealings.
Trump’s unique status as both president and the financial beneficiary of his global business empire raised questions about the little-known emoluments clause of the Constitution even before he took office. Trump and his attorneys argue the clause does not cover fair-value transactions, such as hotel room payments and real estate sales.
The attorneys general aren’t the first to sue Trump over emoluments. Just days after Trump’s inauguration in January, the government watchdog Citizens for Responsibility and Ethics in Washington filed a federal lawsuit in the Southern District of New York. Since then, a restaurant group and two individuals in the hotel industry have joined as plaintiffs.
The Justice Department said Friday that those plaintiffs did not suffer in any way and had no standing to sue, and that it is unconstitutional to sue the president in his official capacity.
Associated Press writer Julie Bykowicz contributed to this report in Washington.
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Genetics and stem cells
Back to Genetics and stem cells
Could stem cells one day end hip replacement?
A new stem cell technique could make hip replacements “a thing of the past” for some patients, says The Independent.
Traditionally, people whose hip joint becomes worn or damaged over time need a mechanical implant fitted in place of their damaged joint. However, scientists are currently working on ways to repair the bone using stem cells. Stem cells are remarkable cells that can transform into virtually any other cell type found in the body. It’s hoped that developing new ways to cultivate stem cells into bone tissue could remove the need for hip replacements and complicated bone grafts.
Today’s news is based on the work of a group of researchers based in Southampton who have been looking at ways to improve the technique used in revision hip surgery (surgery after a first-time hip replacement). The possible techniques they are exploring include the use of biodegradable plastic scaffolds to grow stem cells into bone tissue, and the use of sterilised, crushed bone as a potential bone-building material. While their research is at an early stage, it does provide an example of what may be possible in the future.
Where did the story come from?
Today’s news is based on ongoing research and development into a way to repair hip joints, potentially reducing the need to perform conventional implant-based hip replacement surgery. The work has been discussed in a press release put out this week by University Hospital Southampton, although portions of the research have already been reported in peer-reviewed scientific journals.
This Behind the Headlines appraisal looks at recent research conducted by some of the team involved in this hip research, who are based at the University of Southampton Medical School and the University of Nottingham. It was funded by the Medical Research Council and published in the peer-reviewed journal Acta Biomaterialia.
What kind of research was this?
This was a laboratory-based study looking at whether the use of a plastic scaffold could allow stem cells to repair bones, thereby reducing the need for a technique called impaction bone grafting where grafted bone sections have to be forced into place. Impaction bone grafting is a technique that uses transplanted bone from another person (for example, another person who has had a hip replacement) to replace lost bone during revision hip surgery (surgery after a first-time hip replacement).
The authors state that, although this technique has been successful in some studies, it is associated with some problems, including cross-infection and rejection of the transplant. Availability is another problem, associated with the fact that the population is ageing and more and more people are likely to require this sort of treatment.
The aim of this study was to create a plastic scaffold that could be used in combination with a patient’s own skeletal stem cells to replace lost bone, in the area of the implant. A laboratory-based study is required for this sort of initial investigation. Once a suitable plastic scaffold is created, it will have to undergo further testing.
What did the research involve?
The researchers produced two biodegradable plastics, and moulded each plastic into two microscopic scaffolds using two techniques. One was a traditional technique and the other a new technique called 'supercritical CO2 fluid-foaming'. They produced four different scaffolds in total. These synthetic scaffolds were compared to human bone. Supercritical CO2 fluid-foaming is a technique that produces porous plastic structures.
The researchers looked at the scaffolds by scanning them with electron microscopes and performing computer tomography (X-rays). The mechanical properties of the scaffolds were then tested, for example to see if they could withstand the force applied during the impaction procedure. Finally, the researchers tested whether human skeletal stem cells could grow and develop into bone cells when grown in the laboratory with the scaffolds.
What were the basic results?
The researchers found that using the supercritical CO2 fluid-foaming technique produced a porous scaffold, whereas the traditional technique produced a rough and non-porous scaffold. All four synthetic scaffolds withstood the impaction procedure better than human bone, and the porous synthetic scaffolds maintained their shape well after impaction. Skeletal stem cells could grow on all four scaffolds, but they grew better on the porous scaffolds. Skeletal stem cells could develop into bone cells when they were grown on the porous scaffold made of one of the types of plastic.
How did the researchers interpret the results?
The researchers conclude that the plastic scaffolds were stronger than human bone, and that porous scaffolds made using the new method of supercritical CO2 fluid-foaming were better than the scaffolds formed using traditional methods.
This study has compared the properties of scaffolds made from biodegradable plastics, for their potential use in combination with skeletal stem cells to replace lost bone during hip surgery. This is currently performed using bone from a donor, for example someone else who has had part of their bone removed while undergoing hip replacement surgery.
However, traditional bone grafting carries the potential for the transmission of diseases and the risk of the transplanted material being rejected. These problems, and the possible lack of available donors, has prompted the search for alternatives. This laboratory-based study has investigated the mechanical characteristics and cellular compatibility of scaffolds made from two different plastics using two different techniques. The plastics had been found to have promising characteristics for this application in previous studies.
The study found that scaffolds made using a technique called supercritical CO2 fluid-foaming were porous, and had better characteristics for potential clinical applications than scaffolds made using more traditional methods. However, this work is continuing, and further studies are required before these plastics will be available.
Analysis by Bazian
Edited by NHS Website
Links to the headlines
Stem cell hope for hip replacement procedure
The Independent, 29 May 2012
Bid to help end agony of hip ops
Daily Express, 29 May 2012
Links to the science
Tayton E, Purcell M, Aarvolda A, et al.
Supercritical CO2 fluid-foaming of polymers to increase porosity: A method to improve the mechanical and biocompatibility characteristics for use as a potential alternative to allografts in impaction bone grafting?
Acta Biomaterialia. Published online January 24 2012
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CMA Fest
Country Music Videos
Chip and Joanna Gaines
Ree Drummond
Home » Country Music » Ashley Monroe’s “Hands On You” is A Whole New Genre of Good Country Music (And The Video is Like, WHOA)
Ashley Monroe’s “Hands On You” is A Whole New Genre of Good Country Music (And The Video is Like, WHOA)
Lauren Cowling
Without any doubt in the world, I can say that Ashley Monroe has to be one of the most underrated and underestimated songwriters and singers in Nashville. Maybe it’s because she’s super lowkey and doesn’t seek out the spotlight. Or maybe it’s because she’s best friends with Miranda Lambert. I’ll never know, but I do know this– her latest tune, “Hands On You” shouldn’t be brushed off or pushed aside.
“Hands On You” is Monroe’s first new tune since dropping the devastatingly raw album, The Blade, in 2015. Since then she did have a baby, William Dalton Danks, with husband John Danks and she has been writing with cuts on Lambert’s The Weight of These Wings, Vince Gill’s Down to My Last Bad Habit, Angaleena Presley’s Wrangled, and Sara Evans’ Words.
Monroe also made a few appearances on the road with Lambert and the Pistol Annies, but this song is very much her own. Yes, we’re all clambering for new music from the Annies, but “Hands On You” is like a new genre of music– sexy spaghetti western. Monroe said she, “felt a whole new confidence recording this one” and you can hear it. It’s dark, angsty and at times, a little scary because you’re not sure if she’s talking about love or murder.
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(Im)Mobility
Do Containers Dream of Electric People?
The Social Form of Just-in-Time Production
May 9, 2011essay,
Cultural critic Brian Holmes analyses the genesis of the distributional machinery of intermodal transport that circulates commodities through the global economy. What are the implications for our way of life, both for people tied to a particular area and for migrants? Is it possible to escape capitalism’s laws of motion?
Stills from the video by Ursula Biemann, Contained Mobility, 2004.
Once adopted into the production process of capital, the means of labour passes through different metamorphoses, whose culmination is the machine, or rather, an automatic system of machinery, set in motion by an automaton, a moving power that moves itself; this automaton consisting of numerous mechanical and intellectual organs, so that the workers themselves are cast merely as its conscious linkages. In the machine, and even more in machinery as an automatic system, the use value, i.e. the material quality of the means of labour, is transformed into an existence adequate to fixed capital and to capital as such; and the form in which it was adopted into the production process of capital, the direct means of labour, is superseded by a form posited by capital itself and corresponding to it.
‘In no way does the machine appear as the individual worker’s means of labour. Its distinguishing characteristic is not in the least, as with the means of labour, to transmit the worker’s activity to the object; this activity, rather, is posited in such a way that it merely transmits the machine’s work, the machine’s action, on to the raw material – supervises it and guards against interruptions. Not as with the instrument, which the worker animates and makes into his organ with his skill and strength, and whose handling therefore depends on his virtuosity. Rather, it is the machine which possesses skill and strength in place of the worker, is itself the virtuoso, with a soul of its own in the mechanical laws acting through it; and it consumes coal, oil etc. (matières instrumentales), just as the worker consumes food, to keep up its perpetual motion.
Karl Marx, Grundrisse der Kritik der politischen Ökonomie (Outlines of the Critique of Political Economy), orig. 1858.
British sociologist John Urry has come up with an unusual idea: defining society by the ever-accelerating mobility of its members. To do this he proposes the concept of mobility-systems: ‘Historically most societies have been characterized by one major mobility-system that is in an evolving and adaptive relationship with that society’s economy, through the production and consumption of goods and services and the attraction and circulation of the labour force and consumers … The richer the society, the greater the range of mobility-systems that will be present, and the more complex the intersections between such systems.’1 Urry devotes chapters of his book Mobilities to four infrastructural systems: pathways, trains, automobiles and airplanes. Interestingly, he suggests that these infrastructures are complemented by cultural systems serving to represent the movement of people and things, to communicate about it and to imagine its further possibilities. Yet strangely, in a book that gestures towards the concept of a technological unconscious, he says next to nothing about production and distribution. What’s missing from his ‘mobilities paradigm’ is container shipping and intermodal transport, with their associated representational, communicational and imaginary techniques. What’s missing is the social form of just-in-time production.
Like Margaret Thatcher, Urry believes that in the postnational era ‘there is no such thing as society’.2 He’s against what has been called the ‘container theory’ of the social, which relies heavily on spatially bounded categories, reinforcing methodological nationalism.3 In Mobilities he refers to Foucault’s concept of governmentality, observing that ‘state sovereignty is exercised on territories, populations and, we may add, the movements of populations around that territory’. In contrast he insists on the increasingly transnational movement of populations, and claims that ‘such a “mobile population” is immensely hard to monitor and govern’.4
Urry is an innovative sociologist, seeking patterns of emergent order in the vertiginous circulations of neoliberal globalism. At its best, his work reads like a kaleidoscopic register of contemporary life. However, like other complexity theorists describing the dynamics of open systems, he fails to take into account the powerful drive towards closure that inhabits all large-scale system design. Thus he ignores the determinant social form of informational capitalism – as though, entranced by mobilities that exceed the capture of the nation-state, he had fallen into the very unconsciousness that contemporary technologies impose.
How to awaken from electric dreams? In this text I will describe both the technical and the cultural dimensions of what is arguably the major mobility-system of our time: the distributional machinery of intermodal transport that circulates commodities through the global economy. The vector I will use to approach this far-flung system is an imaginary one.
Contained Mobility
Picture a video projection on the walls of a global museum (but it could also be your laptop, or an iPhone in the city). The video opens with the sound of a female voice against the background of a swelling sea. It then resolves into two contrasting scenes. On the left, the computerized view of a container port, showing ships at berth or in motion through the channel. On the right, a surveillance camera inside a container, where a robust-looking man in an orange shirt moves between the spartan furnishings of an improvised room (bed, desk, table lamp, maps on the corrugated wall). The scenes shift back and forth from screen to screen; the graphics change in content, granularity and focus. The man gets up, sits down, strides about, meditates, sleeps. His name is Anatol Kuis Zimmermann.A scrolling text recounts his destiny: born in 1949 of a Belarussian mother and an ethnic German father who were deported to Siberia; childhood in Brest near the Polish border; university in Minsk; marriage, children, displacement of the family after Chernobyl; liberal, pro-European political activities and attempted migration to Germany. Thus begins an odyssey of deferral, transit and legal limbo, carrying this asylum seeker through nearly every country in Europe. Life as a geography of refusal. The container, we are given to understand, is now his only home. As the off-screen voice explained at the outset, Anatol Zimmermann has ‘come ashore in an offshore place, in a container world that only tolerates the translocal state of not being of this place – not of any other really – but of existing in a condition of permanent non-belonging, of juridical non-existence’. He slips into his makeshift bed as a closing text appears on the left-hand screen: ‘Everything new is born illegal.’
The video by Ursula Biemann is entitled Contained Mobility (2004).5 It’s an extradisciplinary investigation, by which I mean a work of art that seeks knowledge of the world through a confrontation with technical operations and discourses. A crucial part of this search is the interview leading to the reconstruction of Zimmermann’s itinerary. But that’s classic documentary, and as such, it’s not even shown. Nor is the location of the container given. What makes the work so striking, and so useful for an examination of contemporary social relations, is the juxtaposition between the existential narrative of refusal and the abstracted imagery of global transport. One feels they are mirrors of each other. As Biemann notes, the visuality of the work is based in every respect on simulation: ‘None of the images of Contained Mobility document reality. Every image is an artificial construct: a simulated seascape, a visual rendering of digital data, a webcam set up for a staged scene. The video is a conceptual statement about a particular state of being in this world.’6
The question that emerges from the conceptual image is double. First, what materially constitutes ‘the translocal state of not being of this place’? And second, what is the relation between this displaced mode of existence and the representational techniques of computer simulation?
Logistical Living
Let’s try to answer that first question. Intermodal transport, a.k.a. containerization, is based on three pillars: rigorous standardization of the box allowing for stackability in ships and transfer by specialized cranes to truck or rail; continuous traceability thanks to a machine-readable bill of lading; and finally, the ability to lock a shipment from initial departure to final destination. Locally standardized containers had been used for land and water transport since the late nineteenth century, but the onset of intermodalism dates to 26 April 1956, when Malcom McLean loaded 58 aluminium truck bodies onto a tanker named the Ideal-X for shipment from Newark to Houston.7 The water-to-wheels concept offered increases in speed and security as well as big savings on labour, all of which was recognized by the us government and the military, spurring a national standardization process that was ratified by the International Standards Organization in 1970. Deregulation of the us transport industry began around the same time, as a crucial component of the emerging neoliberal order; it was completed in all branches by the early 1980s. The rationalization of the docks broke the power of the longshoremen’s unions, historically the strongest and most internationalist sector of the labour movement.8 These developments smoothed the way for an integrated intermodal system that spread rapidly across the world, slashing freight costs and making logistics the key operational discipline of a globalizing economy. Given the military origins of logistics, it’s significant that the first big government contracts with McLean’s Sea-Land corporation were for war materiel to Vietnam. And it’s equally significant that Sea-Land’s wartime business became immensely profitable when McLean realized that the returning containers could be filled with the rising tide of manufactured goods from Japan.
The late 1960s saw the take-off of the Japanese economy, first in light consumer goods and then, after the oil shock of 1973, in fuel-efficient automobiles. Already the Toyota Motor Corporation had developed its system of continuous information flow between manufacturer and supplier, allowing for the delivery of custom-built parts in exact proportion to current needs without costly warehousing. The advent of containerization meant that ‘just-in-time’ production could be extended to an entire East Asian maritime network including the ‘Four Tigers’ of Hong Kong, Singapore, Taiwan and South Korea – a network that would ultimately re-centre on coastal China.9 In the wake of Toyota’s success, just-in-time or ‘lean’ production imposed itself on global auto-makers. It received wider attention through a best-selling industry study entitled The Machine that Changed the World (where ‘machine’ refers not to a single device but to an integrated process).10 jit is what made the world translocal. However, its adoption by Western corporations after 1989 turned it into something very different from the trust-based relations between manufacturer and supplier extolled by the venerable Mr Toyoda. What emerged from the open markets of neoliberalism was a vast delivery system commanded by retailers engaged in a vicious search for the best possible price. And that turned out to be the ‘China price’: the lowest number on the planet for any category of basic manufactured goods.
By 2005, Wal-Mart imported some 350,000 40-foot containers a year of manufactured goods. That’s almost 30,000 tonnes per day, the majority from China.11 The containers pass through the ports of Long Beach and Los Angeles before departing by rail to truck transhipment centres feeding warehouse-sized stores. Thus ‘the box’ spawned ‘the big box’ – and with it, a whole new science of supply chain management, whose effect has been to drive both prices and wages to rock-bottom levels.12 Though big-box retailing is most common in the usa, a list of global firms operating on the Wal-Mart model now includes ‘Carrefour, Aldi, Metro, Royal Ahold, Tesco, Ito-Yokado, Kingfisher, and ikea, as well as Home Depot, Costco and Best Buy’.13 What began as a formula for automobile production has led to a worldwide re-articulation of industry, merchandising and consumption.
Since its origins in the early 1980s, supply chain management has become the obligatory model for globalizing businessmen, who adopt just-in-time principles as a logistical ethos for corporate existence. As a technical manual explains, ‘the footprint of the firm’s global facilities … for sourcing, research and development, production, distribution and retail sales, and the effective coordination and management of all flows between them (information, physical / product, and financial flows) become the major determinants of competitive success’.14 Marc Levinson, author of The Box, describes the effects such practices had on an American consumer icon as early as the mid-1990s: ‘Workers in China produced her statuesque figure, using molds from the United States and other machines from Japan and Europe. Her nylon hair was Japanese, the plastic in her body from Taiwan, the pigments American, the cotton clothing from China. Barbie, simple girl though she is, had developed her very own global supply chain.’15
Logistics assembles the raw material of our lives. It is in this sense that everyone – not just Anatol Zimmermann – lives in a ‘container world’. But crucial questions emerge, when logistics is generalized into supply chain management. How are global flows coordinated with local markets to make a profit in real time? And what effect do the giant distribution machines have on the stationary people who ultimately receive and consume the mobile commodities?
Real-Time Unconscious
To answer those questions we must deal with the representation of mobility-systems. At stake are the abstract models that regulate the temporal and spatial functioning of large and complex production lines. Surprisingly, it turns out that by the late 1950s the major problem of the big-box retailers – coordinating the levels of accessible stocks with the rates of flow through stores – had already been solved, theoretically at least, by a pioneer of computer simulation.
Jay Wright Forrester was a servomechanisms engineer in the Second World War, then head of a programme to build the Whirlwind, a multipurpose digital computer that was initially to be used in a flight simulator. That project morphed into the basis of the sage radar-defence system (for ‘semi-automatic ground environment’).16 By 1956, after inventing magnetic core memory and overseeing the rise of ibm as the usa’s mainframe supplier, Forrester decided that the excitement in the computer field was over, and switched to management studies. His breakthrough came two years later, when General Electric executives asked him to examine their appliance factories, which would oscillate wildly from peak demand to near inactivity, irrespective of business cycles. He immediately recognized the classic ‘hunting pattern’ that occurs when a servomechanism receives undamped feedback from an initial action, then overcorrects, generating more distorting feedback.
Forrester was convinced that industrial managers were unable to grasp the multiple rhythms of giant plants hooked into even larger distribution systems, and were actually worsening their problems instead of curing them. He designed a non-linear computer modelling program to show how policy decisions affecting the rates of flow between five interconnected categories of stocks – materials, orders, money, capital equipment and personnel – could be represented graphically in their effects over time, so as to reveal the unforeseen consequences of single interventions. The policy decisions could then be corrected via a sixth category, coordinated feedback information. This analysis laid the basis of a new managerial logic, known as system dynamics.17
From Jay W. Forrester, Industrial Dynamics (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1985 / 1st edition 1961), 174.
Most histories of cybernetics never mention engineers, focusing instead on scientists and the occasional philosopher.18 Yet Forrester is undoubtedly the single most influential cybernetician, since his work has allowed the coordination of vast production, distribution and consumption processes taking place on opposite sides of the planet. It is fascinating to realize that his sage radar-defence program led very quickly to sabre, or ‘semi-automatic business-research environment’, which is still the world’s largest airline ticketing network. The ease with which we ignore the very existence of such crucial transport systems has everything to do with the technological unconscious, arising from the automation of large numbers of routine actions to which we no longer pay the slightest attention. Nigel Thrift explains this computerized repetition-compulsion: ‘Through the application of a set of technologies and knowledges (the two being impossible to separate), a style of repetition has been produced which is more controlled and also more open-ended, a new kind of roving empiricism which continually ties up and undoes itself in a search for the most efficient ways to use the space and time of each moment.’19 As the designer of semi-automatic environments including human beings in subordination to mechanical and computational devices, Forrester was at the origin of this roving technological unconscious. Yet he found that his ideas could not be understood by the corporate class he was addressing. Only in the 1980s did they start making intuitive sense to managers.20
There was a technical reason. In the 1960s and 1970s, Forrester’s simulations could not yet run with real-time information. Instead, approximate models were created and statistical forecasting techniques were employed. From the 1980s onward, quantum leaps in data-gathering and communications technology transformed all that. With the advent of electronic data interchange (edi), every aspect of production, transport, display and sales could be recorded, communicated, represented and analysed, so as to continuously map out the position and trajectory of each single object being handled by a world-spanning corporation.21 The result is an ‘executive information system’ that gives managers centralized access to a continuously evolving set of logistical data, bringing dynamic simulation over the line into real-time representation. This provides the unprecedented ability to rationalize labour at every point along the chain, accelerating the pace and squeezing workers for higher levels of productivity. Still it’s not enough for contemporary capitalism. As systems designer Paul Westerman explains, ‘Aggressive retailers (like Wal-Mart) will not stop there; they will continue until all company data is available for analysis. They will build an enterprise data warehouse. They give all this information to their internal users (buyers) and external users (suppliers) to exploit and demand measurable improvement’.22 Such is the formula of global supply chain management, in an information-age economy where the ‘push’ of Fordist industrial production and state planning has been replaced by the ‘pull’ of giant retail conglomerates.
With enterprise data warehousing, the just-in-time machine becomes both extensively and intensively pervasive. edi is correlated with cash-flow, marketing and financing information. Point-of-sale data is associated with individual names on credit cards, then combined with cascades of other data gleaned from the Internet, generating behaviour profiles that can be used for the fine-tuning of display and advertising strategies. The models of optimal future performance built on the analysis of past actions are then relayed upstream to govern the behaviour of workers, middle managers and suppliers, and downstream to influence consumers, creating what Westerman calls a ‘unified data system’ (uds) embracing every aspect of corporate planning. The big boxes of Wal-Mart now cast a 70-terabyte information shadow. To be sure, the possibilities of uds have not yet been fully implemented. edi is still rare among Chinese suppliers, while surveillance operators like Google and Facebook are only beginning to codify and sell our intimate data-bodies. There is no need to exaggerate the deployment of data integration. But even less can one ignore the tremendous advances in communication between manufacturers and distributors, the increasing granularity of representation that this communication makes possible, and last but not least, the accelerating absorption of consumer imaginaries into the managed flows of the pull economy.
What appears on the horizon is a self-shaping or ‘autopoetic’ modelling process that can integrate hundreds of millions of individuals and billions of discrete objects and desires into a single mobility-system, where every movement is coordinated with every other in real time. The integrative capacity of this kind of autopoetic system is what defines the boundary of each corporate entity, struggling against all others to increase the market-share that it controls. Under these conditions we live in an ‘open’ world of universal free trade across national borders, where giant organizations strive to impose closure on mobile populations. Their computerized map becomes our intimate territory. Such a dystopian state was once the exclusive province of science fiction: Philip K. Dick novels, where androids dreamed of electric sheep. But the container, having spawned the big box, now seems destined to bring a world-spanning containment strategy into being. The electronic dream is to maintain continuous contact between a global production system and you, the consumer, whose mobility need not signify uncertainty of behaviour. According to this dream, no desire should linger free without a sale. The representational techniques that enable such a strategy have seen vast changes since the 1960s. Today they include multi-agent systems, where the decisions of autonomous actors are simulated on both the supply and the demand sides of the equation.23 On the basis of such simulations, multiple autopoetic systems are orchestrated into smoothly functioning machines serving unified purposes. Yet behind such sophisticated devices one can still recognize the outlines of semi-automated environments, where the individual flow-chart of every object and actor is analysed into the coordinated curves of system dynamics.24 Like an architectural plan for a global factory in motion, those intersecting curves define the social form of just-in-time production.
To tie up the threads of this argument, let’s return to what started the whole thing rolling: John Urry’s intriguing but radically undeveloped concept of mobility-systems. It’s ironic to find Urry, in Sociology Beyond Societies, reflecting that his own discipline will not survive its transition to the global scale if it does not once again link its destinies to social movements.25 Had he done exactly that with the social movement closest to his own concerns – namely, transnational migration – he might have seen how the spatially bounded ‘containers’ that formerly defined national societies are being replaced, not by the liberal ideology of ‘open systems’, but instead by postliberal constructs like the big-box retailers, whose jit distribution machines are enabled both by advanced technology and by deterritorialized state-functions (monetary regimes, transport surveillance programs, selective border controls, ‘foreign trade zones’ inscribed in domestic territories, etc.). The exploitation and oppression that such hybrid constructs exert on cut-price migrant labour has been made explicit by recent struggles of workers in the intermodal transport industry.26 And the society shaped by these ‘postliberal aggregates’ has been theorized by a group of sociologists who take their stand with the migrants.
In a book entitled Escape Routes: Control and Subversion in the 21st Century, these theorists find an example of social form in the automobile industry: the recently opened bmw plant in Leipzig, designed by the architect Zaha Hadid. As they explain, ‘the building enables innovative working-time models and operating times of 60 to 140 hours per week, and because of this the plant can react quickly to specific changes in the market’. What the just-in-time factory reveals is the peculiar articulation of openness and closure that defines a contemporary mobility-system: ‘The bmw plant is an interactive order, neither open nor closed, but open as soon as it incorporates the actors necessary for its functioning, and closed as soon as it can protect and sustain its functionality. The plant is not maintained by its exclusivity nor by an internally generated authenticity, but rather by a fluid belonging of different independent trajectories to an effective system of production. It is an aggressive structure, opposing everything that sets limits to its own internal interests or tries to infuse it with impurity. The bmw plant reacts aggressively to the fear of viruses, it is aseptic, clean, pragmatic: Western oblivion at the highest level.’27
Hadid’s jaggedly flowing architecture enables the material process of inclusion / exclusion in today’s society, while helping the public to forget its very existence. Here again, semi-automated flows create unconsciousness, erasing histories of emancipation. For the authors of Escape Routes, the coercive structures of postliberal globalization took form as ‘the answer to the wild insurgency and escape that emerges after the Second World War’. This insurgency reached a peak in 1968, when the nation-state’s promise of rights and representation (‘the double-R axiom’) was challenged by excluded minority subjects. Yet the opening of borders and the relaxation of social strictures soon gave way to the new state-corporate aggregates, operating in transnational zones of exception without any requirement of legitimacy. Under these conditions, demands for class, ethnic and gender equality lose their effectiveness. The paradoxical response is a ‘politics of imperceptibility’, whereby migrants in their fleeting singularity become invisible to postliberal power formations. Recalling the liminal figure we encountered at the outset, the authors of Escape Routes might claim: ‘We are all Anatol Zimmermann.’
The incongruity of the asylum seeker, abandoned in his improvised dwelling amid technological desolation, could evoke this sense of newfound freedom. As Ursula Biemann claims: ‘Everything new is born illegal.’ On a more troubling note, however, Biemann recounts that at one point in her interviews with Zimmermann she felt compelled to drop her documentary neutrality, offering to buy him a counterfeit Polish passport that would eventually grant him entry to the European Union: ‘Anatol declined. Salvation would have meant the death of his problem, which by now was obviously not only a burden but also the condition with which he has come to identify: to march in the cracks between nations as the post-migratory subject into which he has mutated.’28 Are we to understand the migrant’s fate as double, permanently excluded from a fully satisfying life, yet irremediably attached to the mirage of inclusion? Would this be the condition of life in a container world?
I’ll close, not with an answer to those questions, but with a restatement of the enigma constituted by the social form of just-in-time production. As we’ve seen, global society is filled by a rising tide of inexpensive goods, managed by increasingly automated systems and destined for consumers whose very desires are modelled by the supply chains. This is the world of the commodity, whose concrete promise of use-value is constantly belied by its abstract form as exchange-value. The conditions of exchange are such that despite the productivity gains of technology, work is still devalued to a bare minimum: the working day as the ‘socially necessary labour time’ required for the purchase of a minimal basket of commodities. Today it is the price of an exploited Chinese working day that exerts downward pressure on wages everywhere, throwing other workers out of a job even as it floods our lives with cheapened goods that must be thrown away almost immediately. In this sense, society really is defined by the ever-accelerating mobility of its members: workers, managers, consumers, all differently caught within the same compulsion to step on the pedal. The Marxist philosopher Moishe Postone points out that this dynamics of commodity production amounts to a strange destiny of ‘domination by time’. His abstract statement of the problem reads like a concrete description of existence in the capitalist mobility-system: ‘As a result of the general social mediation, labour time expenditure is transformed into a temporal norm that not only is abstracted from, but also stands above and determines, individual action. Just as labour is transformed from an action of individuals to the alienated general principle of the totality under which the individuals are subsumed, time expenditure is transformed from a result of activity into a normative measure for activity … This process, whereby a concrete, dependent variable of human activity becomes an abstract, independent variable governing this activity, is real and not illusory. It is intrinsic to the process of alienated social constitution.’29
Cigar-smoking billionaires still exist, of course: I saw them last night in Oliver Stone’s new film, Money Never Sleeps. But the enigma of our era is the depersonalized principle that governs the estranging machine. Capital itself, in all its abstraction, is the electric dream. For those who do not feel at home in its translocal container world, nor free in the ‘wild anomaly’ of imperceptible wanderings, awakening will have to come through an as-yet unimagined social subversion of capitalism’s universally represented and constantly communicated laws of motion. It’s a matter of somehow altering society’s unconscious rhythms. A tiger’s leap just out of time?
(Stills from the video by Ursula Biemann, Contained Mobility, 2004.
From Jay W. Forrester, Industrial Dynamics (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1985 / 1st edition 1961), 174.
Allan Sekula Noël Burch The Forgotten Space Last year, the documentary The Forgotten Space by Allan Sekula and Noël Burch was presented during the film festival in Venice. Once begun as a SKOR-initiated art project on the Betuwe route, a cargo railway running from the port of Rotterdam to the German border, the documentary shows the relation between freight shipments by sea and the growing internationalization of a worldwide industrial economy. The film is set in four seaports: Bilbao, Rotterdam, Los Angeles and Hong Kong. It examines the sea as ‘the forgotten space’ of our modern age, where globalization – though hidden from view – becomes visible in a most pressing way. Below are a number of stills from The Forgotten Space, 2010.
Courtesy of: Doc Eye Film, WILDart Film, SKOR / Foundation for Art and the Public Domain, VPRO, CoBo, ORF, Eurimages, Media Programme.)
1. J. Urry, Mobilities (Cambridge: Polity, 2007), 51.
2. J. Urry, Sociology Beyond Societies: Mobilities for the Twenty-First Century (London: Routledge, 2000), 5.
3. U. Beck, What Is Globalization? (Cambridge: Polity, 2000 / German ed. 1997), 23-24; J. Law, J. Urry, ‘Enacting the Social’ (Department of Sociology / Centre for Science Studies, Lancaster University, 2003), at www.comp.lancs.ac.uk.
4. Urry, Mobilities, op. cit. (note 1), 49-50.
5. The video can be seen in two parts on YouTube, at tinyurl.com Also see geobodies.org.
6. J.-E. Lundstrom (ed.), Ursula Biemann: Mission Reports (Bristol: Arnolfini Gallery, 2008), 59. The same book includes my essay, ‘Extradisciplinary Investigations’, also at eipcp.net.
7. M. Levinson, The Box: How the Shipping Container Made the World Smaller and the World Economy Bigger (Princeton University Press, 2006), 1 and passim.
8. For a photo / text reflection on containerization’s consequences for labour, see A. Sekula, Fish Story (Rotterdam: Witte de With / Richer Verlag, 1995).
9. P.J. Katzenstein and T. Shiraishi, Network Power: Japan and Asia (Cornell UP, 1997); Ho-Fung Hung, ‘America’s Head Servant? The PRC’s Dilemma in the Global Crisis’, New Left Review 60, November-December 2009.
10. J.P. Womack, D.T. Jones and D. Roos, The Machine that Changed the World: The Story of Lean Production (New York: Rawson Associates, 1990).
11. E. Bonacich and J.B. Wilson, Getting the Goods: Ports, Labor and the Logistics Revolution (Cornell University Press, 2008), 25.
12. See the PBS documentary, Is Wal-Mart Good for America? (2004), available at www.pbs.org.
13. M. Petrovic and G.G. Hamilton, ‘Making Global Markets: Wal-Mart and Its Suppliers’, in N. Lichtenstein (ed.), Wal-Mart: The Face of 21st Century Capitalism (New York: New Press 2006), 108.
14. Kouvelis and Su, ‘The Structure of Global Supply Chains’, special issue, Foundations and Trends in Technology, Information and Operations Management 1 / 4, 2005, 1-2.
15. Levinson, The Box, op. cit. (note 7), 264.
16. For Forrester’s involvement in sage, see P.N. Edwards, The Closed World: Computers and the Politics of Discourse in Cold War America (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1996), chapters 2 and 3.
17. J.W. Forrester, Industrial Dynamics (Waltham, MA: Pegasus Communications, 1961); Principles of Systems (Cambridge, MA: Wright-Allen Press, 1968).
18. A notable exception is D.A. Mindell, Between Human and Machine: Feedback, Control, and Computing before Cybernetics (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2002).
19. N. Thrift, ‘Remembering the Technological Unconscious’, in Knowing Capitalism (London: Sage, 2005), 223.
20. See L. Fisher, ‘The Prophet of Unintended Consequences’, in Strategy + Business 40 (Fall 2005), 7.
21. For definitions of edi, see G. Boone and D. Kurtz, Contemporary Business, 13th Edition (Hoboken: Wiley, 2010), 219-20, as well as Bonacich and Wilson, Getting the Goods, op. cit. (note 11), esp. 5 and 35.
22. (San Diego: Academic Press, Data Warehousing: Using the Wal-Mart Model (San Diego: Academic Press, 2001), 26.
23. For a definition see any of the recent business manuals, such as B. Chaib-draa and J.P. Müller (eds.), Multiagent based Supply Chain Management (Springer, 2006).
24. This is the thesis of H. Akkermans and N. Dellaert (eds.), ‘The Dynamics of Supply Chains and Networks’, special issue, System Dynamics Review 21 / 3 (2005).
25. Urry, Sociology Beyond Societies, op. cit. (note 2), 18.
26. See the articles at www.warehouseworkersunited.org.
27. Dimitris Papadopoulos, Niamh Stephenson and Vassilis Tsianos, Escape Routes: Control and Subversion in the 21st Century (London: Pluto, 2008), 26.
28. Lundstrom, Ursula Biemann, op. cit. (note 6), 59.
29. M. Postone, Time, Labor and Social Domination: A Reinterpretation of Marx’s Critical Theory (New York: Cambridge UP, 1993), 214-215. Among many commentaries I recommend Howard Slater’s text on counter-cultural artistic practice as a political cure for alienation: ‘Toward Agonism – Moishe Postone’s Time, Labour & Social Domination’ (2006), available at www.metamute.org.
Brian Holmes is a cultural critic living in Paris and Chicago. He holds a doctorate in Romance Languages and Literatures from the University of California at Berkeley, was a member of the editorial collective of the French journal Multitudes from 2003 to 2008, and has published a collection of texts on art and social movements entitled Unleashing the Collective Phantoms: Essays in Reverse Imagineering (New York: Autonomedia, 2007). His book Escape the Overcode: Activist Art in the Control Society is available in full at brianholmes.wordpress.com. Holmes was awarded the Vilém Flusser Prize for Theory at Transmediale in Berlin in 2009.
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Sign Up to create a personal songbook and add your favorite songs!
Wake Up in the Sky
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Gucci Mane - Wake Up in the Sky Piano Tutorial
"Wake Up in the Sky" is a song by Gucci Mane, Bruno Mars and Kodak Black. It was released in September 2018. The two rappers perform their parts to a great synth-based beat, while Bruno Mars sings the song's chorus: "Castle on the hill, wake up in the sky. You can't tell me I ain't fly - I know I'm super fly!"
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NAD NewsPoints
Stories & Commentaries
Adventist Health System Announces Plans to Become AdventHealth
All of the organization’s wholly-owned entities will begin carrying the AdventHealth name on Jan. 2, 2019.
August 15, 2018 | Altamonte Springs, Fla. | North American Division
Terry Shaw, CEO/president of Adventist Health System, introduces the health system's new name, AdventHealth, and its accompanying logo. Photo provided by Adventist Health System
Altamonte Springs-based Adventist Health System (AHS), one of the largest faith-based health care systems in the United States, with nearly 50 hospital campuses and more than 80,000 employees, today announced that it will soon become AdventHealth. With the name change, the health system will move to being one consumer-centric, connected and identifiable national system of care for every stage of life and health.
As part of this transition, all of Adventist Health System’s wholly-owned hospitals and hundreds of care sites across its footprint will adopt the AdventHealth name and logo beginning Jan. 2, 2019. The naming structure will allow consumers to more easily distinguish AdventHealth’s care locations and services. While its name is changing, the organization is not changing in ownership or business structure.
“We are transforming to be a more consumer-focused health care system to better meet the needs of those we care for and the communities we serve,” said Terry Shaw, president/CEO for Adventist Health System. “Becoming AdventHealth allows us to be a fully integrated and distinguishable health system across all aspects of the care continuum, while also speaking to our Christian healing ministry, message of wholeness, and our rich Seventh-day Adventist roots.”
The name AdventHealth signals the arrival or beginning of health and expresses a strong and clear connection to the healing and salvation that God has promised. Adventist Health System’s promise of wholeness is an expression of the belief that caring for the physical, emotional, and spiritual needs of every person is the key to good health.
“We want our hospitals and care sites to be places where people can experience hope as well as healing, and the AdventHealth name so appropriately expresses that sense of expectation and optimism while also connecting with our promise of wholeness and our rich faith-based heritage,” said Gary Thurber, board chairman for AHS.
In preparation for the launch of a systemwide brand, the organization spent eight months focused on deploying consistent culture and service practices to solidify the consumer-centric approach that will inform every interaction and experience that patients have with caregivers and team members across all care settings.
“This is a wonderful and exciting time for the organization. We are united by our mission of 'Extending the Healing Ministry of Christ,' as well as our vision, values and service standards to provide best-in-class, consumer-centric care,” said Shaw. “In continuing our tradition of healing and hope, we will work to make an even greater impact and foster abundant life in the communities we serve.”
In September, a transition campaign featuring television and print ads will begin in various markets across the country. Changes to signage and visual elements at hospitals and other facilities are expected to take place in January when the AdventHealth name is fully adopted systemwide. Joint venture locations will not change as part of this rebrand.
A Historical Perspective
For more than 150 years, Seventh-Day Adventist caregivers have combined an innovative perspective on whole-person health with the latest medical treatments for curing illness. At the first Adventist health care facility, which opened in 1866 in Battle Creek, Michigan, Adventist practitioners cared for the sick while also teaching good nutrition, exercise, and hygiene that helped members of their communities avoid illness and live healthful lives.
Those beginnings shaped Adventist healthcare and how both church members and practitioners view the world. AHS shared in a letter that went to conferences and pastors that, "Our mission guides us through what we are created to do. As we live in the time between the Garden and our Savior’s return, the promise of His Advent, the restoration of wholeness, is what inspires our mission of extending the healing ministry of Christ. Our Seventh-day Adventist heritage of whole health began in 1866 with a bold and radical innovation: sanitariums. They were the first institution to recognize the benefits of clean water, a plant-based diet, sunshine, fresh air, exercise and adequate rest. While many found these things to be frivolous at the time, Adventists were first to pioneer this philosophy with a focus on whole person health modeled after Christ’s ministry. The interconnectivity of the mind, body and spirit tells us that treating one dimension of our being but ignoring the others will only lead to failure."
AHS believes that healthcare systems should stay connected with their patients even after they leave the hospital. "We are making a commitment to those who entrust us with their care to be there every step of the way," stated hospital system administrators. "We are going to stay connected, help them navigate the next steps and encourage them along the way.
"To do this, we must commit to a vision of being wholistic, exceptional, connected, affordable, and viable. This vision is rooted in our Seventh-day Adventist legacy and poised for the future of health care, just as Adventists always have been. Much like the mind, body and soul, we as a health system must be interconnected in a way that consumers can see and feel.
AHS plans to transform the way transform the way we deliver healthcare by developing a closer relationship with their consumers and staying connected to them, as well as improving the quality of care they provide.
As AHS becomes AdventHealth in January 2019, they anticipate that consumers will be able to more readily recognize them across their "wholly-owned hospitals, physician practices, outpatient facilities, and communities. This transformation will allow us to provide a world-class care experience that is comprehensive, connected and easy to navigate," said administrators.
About Adventist Health System
With a sacred mission of extending the Healing Ministry of Christ, Adventist Health System is a connected system of care for every stage of life and health. More than 80,000 skilled and compassionate caregivers in physician practices, hospitals, outpatient clinics, skilled nursing facilities, home health agencies and hospice centers provide individualized, wholistic care. A Christian mission, shared vision, common values, focus on whole-person health and commitment to making communities healthier unify the system's nearly 50 hospital campuses and hundreds of care sites in diverse markets throughout almost a dozen states. Click here for more information about Adventist Health System.
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Paul Bessler
A long-time industry veteran, Mr. Paul Bessler currently leads the strategic market research efforts for Taylor Morrison. Over the past 30+ years, Mr. Bessler has held similar positions for Del Webb, The Pulte Group, Centex Homes, in addition to Meritage Homes and ProBuild. Through the years, Mr. Bessler has specialized in the integration of both quantitative and qualitative research techniques to paint a total picture of the consumer, their want, needs and motivations – but most importantly, how these factors collectively influence the home purchase. Current efforts are focused on understanding the two sides of the “housing barbell” – Millennials and Boomers. Mr. Bessler received his M.A. degree from the University of Arizona, where his thesis examined Corporate Headquarter Relocation over the 1957-1982 period. Mr. Bessler also has a B.S. degree from Humboldt State University with an emphasis in quantitative measurement and aerial photogrammetry. Mr. Bessler currently serves on the Lifestyle Residential Development Council-55 and previously served on the local Board of the Phoenix Head Start Program.
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News & Views | Published: 20 September 2006
Greenland's ice on the scales
Tavi Murray1
Naturevolume 443, pages277–278 (2006) | Download Citation
A Correction to this article was published on 25 October 2006
This article has been updated
Satellite measurements of changes in Earth's gravity field reveal ice loss from Greenland's ice sheet. Over the past four years, this melt has contributed to global sea-level rise at an accelerating rate.
The volume of the ice sheet that covers most of Greenland is so large that, were it to melt completely, sea levels across the world would rise by about 7 metres. Furthermore, an increase in its delivery of fresh water to the oceans could weaken or disrupt the 'thermohaline' circulation of oceanic salt water1, profoundly altering the climate of the Northern Hemisphere.
Such doomsday scenarios are well rehearsed, but — expressed in this way — not necessarily accurate. If cold areas such as the centre of Greenland warm up, it might actually snow more. That would, in turn, thicken the ice sheet and remove water from the global oceans. The very different densities of snow, ice and water mean that measuring the volume of the Greenland ice sheet does not provide the complete answer as to whether it is growing or shrinking. The ideal method is to measure how the mass of the ice sheet is changing with time.
In two complementary studies, Velicogna and Wahr (on page 329 of this issue)2 and Chen et al. (published online in Science)3 do just that. They show that the Greenland ice sheet lost between 192 million and 258 million tonnes of ice each year between April 2002 and April 2006 (equivalent to a volume of 212–284 km3). This rate of ice loss is equivalent to a rise in sea level of 0.5±0.1 mm yr−1, which is higher than many previous estimates. Both studies also show that the rate at which ice was being lost increased dramatically in the course of the study: the loss rate in the period 2004–06 was 2.5 times higher than that between 2002 and 2004 (ref. 2).
Both studies used data from the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE), funded by NASA and the German Aerospace Center (DLR), which measures Earth's gravity field from space. GRACE consists of two satellites orbiting Earth. These satellites are separated by a distance of around 220 km that varies slightly as the satellites pass over anomalies in the gravity field. Since their launch in March 2002, the GRACE satellites have mapped the global gravity field every 30 days (Fig. 1). Over time, that field should show evidence of changes in the ice-sheet mass.
Figure 1: Amazing GRACE.
Anomaly map of Earth's gravity field, as measured by the NASA/DLR GRACE satellite.
But calculated ice-mass changes are only as accurate as the models used to remove other mass-change signals — those caused by tidal and non-tidal changes in the oceans, and by changes in the atmosphere and in Earth's mantle as it rebounds after the last ice age. At high latitudes, these models are not without error. The GRACE studies2,3 attempt to account for these other variations and their uncertainties, leaving a residual signal that results from the net loss of glacier ice into the oceans alone.
In particular, the high density of mantle rocks means that the gravity signal is very sensitive to even small errors in the model of rebound. But Velicogna and Wahr's estimate of uncertainty in the rebound rate2 would have to be increased by a factor of ten to change their conclusion of an overall loss of ice-sheet mass to an overall gain. And as this error would be constant over the timescale of the GRACE measurements, the change in the rate of mass loss is a highly stable result.
The GRACE data can also be used to indicate where the ice is being lost. Most of the loss is from south or southeast Greenland2,3, with Chen et al. reporting an additional area of loss in the northeast3. Airborne and satellite altimetry over the ice sheet shows further detail of the spatial pattern, albeit over different periods. The central portions of the ice sheet, with elevations above 1,500 m, are indeed thickening, fed by increased snowfall4. The margins, in contrast, are thinning5. The outlet glaciers that feed ice from the centre of Greenland to the ocean are also depleting rapidly (Fig. 2, overleaf). This is occurring particularly in the southeast, where thinning rates can be more than 10 m yr−1 (ref. 6). This depletion coincides with mass loss identified in the southeast using GRACE2,3. The mass loss in the northeast2 is possibly caused by thinning of the northeast Greenland ice stream4. Chen et al. postulate that changes in glaciers in the Svalbard archipelago, which lies northeast of Greenland between Norway and the North Pole, might be part of the explanation3.
Figure 2: Accelerated slippage.
A 2005 image of Kangerdlugssuaq, an outlet glacier of the Greenland ice sheet, from a Disaster Monitoring Constellation satellite. The glacier's calving speed doubled during 2004; the yellow line shows marginal position in 2000, about 4 km in front of imaged position.
The short period over which the GRACE observations were made means that the measured changes in the rate of mass loss could simply be the result of variations in snowfall or summer melt. Indeed, 2002–03, which preceded the mass-loss acceleration, was a year of unexpectedly high snowfall in southeast Greenland6, and 2005, which immediately followed it, was a year of record melt7. But the difference between snow accumulation and meltwater run-off accounts for only around a third of the mass loss from Greenland8. The remainder is lost through the calving of icebergs at the margins of fast-flowing outlet glaciers. The flow rate of many of Greenland's outlet glaciers increased between 1996 and 2000, and again in the period to 2005, especially in the south8. In spring 2004 — at the same time as the increase in mass loss recorded by GRACE2 — significant accelerations in the flow and calving rate of two major outlet glaciers occurred9.
The agreement of the GRACE results2,3 with measurements of glacier dynamics8 on the scale and the timing of the mass loss suggests that the accelerating contribution to sea-level rise — which in 2004–06 was equal to almost 0.7 mm yr−1 (ref. 2) — results from changes in the dynamics of outlet glaciers. Current model predictions from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change suggest a sea-level rise of 0.5±0.4 m during the 21st century. But these models contain only a small component of the dynamic response of glaciers10, and the GRACE results indicate that more rapid changes are occurring than the models predict. The GRACE results can thus help us to re-evaluate the rates of loss from the ice sheet that we should expect through climate warming.
It is clear that there is much we don't understand about the current response of the Greenland ice sheet. Records over short periods have to be treated with caution, and we cannot be certain that changes represent a profound alteration in the behaviour of the sheet. But several independent sources now confirm overall mass loss from the Greenland ice sheet, together with unexpected and rapidly changing behaviour. Uncertainties remain, but the GRACE results provide one of the best estimates of overall mass balance of the ice sheet.
They do not, however, reveal the detailed pattern, at least not yet. It is vital that we use a variety of instruments and techniques to make continued observations of the ice sheet's response, and complement these with studies aimed at understanding the processes that are driving the observed changes. Such a programme will allow us to improve our predictive models of the Greenland ice sheet, and assess the timing and extent of its future contribution to sea-level rise.
The figures given in mass units for Greenland's ice loss are 1,000 times too small.
Fichefet, T. et al. Geophys. Res. Lett. 30, 1911 (2003).
Velicogna, I. & Wahr, J. Nature 443, 329–331 (2006).
Chen, J. L., Wilson, C. R. & Tapley, B. D. Science doi:10.1126/science.1129007 (2006).
Johannessen, O. M., Khvorostovsky, K., Miles, M. W. & Bobylev, L. P. Science 310, 1013–1016 (2005).
Thomas, R., Frederick, E., Krabill, W., Manizade, S. & Martin, C. Geophys. Res. Lett. 33, L10503 (2006).
Krabill, W. et al. Geophys. Res. Lett. 31, L24402 (2004).
http://cires.colorado.edu/science/groups/steffen/greenland/melt2005
Rignot, E. & Kanagaratnam, P. Science 311, 986–990 (2006).
Luckman, A., Murray, T., de Lange, R. & Hanna, E. Geophys. Res. Lett. 33, L03503 (2006).
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change The Science of Climate Change (Cambridge Univ. Press, 2001).
School of the Environment and Society, Swansea University, Swansea, SA2 8PP, UK
Tavi Murray
Search for Tavi Murray in:
https://doi.org/10.1038/443277a
Analysis of the Spatiotemporal Changes of Ice Sheet Mass and Driving Factors in Greenland
Yankai Bian
, Jianping Yue
, Wei Gao
, Zhen Li
, Dekai Lu
, Yunfei Xiang
& Jian Chen
Remote Sensing (2019)
Hydrologic response of the Greenland ice sheet: the role of oceanographic warming
E. Hanna
, J. Cappelen
, X. Fettweis
, P. Huybrechts
, A. Luckman
& M. H. Ribergaard
Hydrological Processes (2009)
Ground-based gravimetry for measuring small spatial-scale mass changes on glaciers
Kristian Breili
& Cecilie Rolstad
Annals of Glaciology (2009)
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San Jose State University Reinstating Men's Track and Field Program
By Brendan Weber and Scott Budman
Published Aug 1, 2016 at 9:53 AM | Updated at 12:01 AM PDT on Aug 2, 2016
//www.nbcbayarea.com/on-air/as-seen-on/San-Jose-State-University-Reinstating-Men_s-Track-and-Field-Program_Bay-Area-388894431.html
Two renowned San Jose State University student-athletes raised their arms in a symbolic move for racial equality at the 1968 Olympic Games. Nearly 50 years later, those two men, along with hundreds of others, gathered Monday to relaunch the men's track and field program at San Jose State. Scott Budman reports. (Published Monday, Aug. 1, 2016)
Two renowned San Jose State University student-athletes raised their arms in a symbolic move for racial equality at the 1968 Olympic Games. Nearly 50 years later, those two men, along with hundreds of others, gathered Monday to relaunch the men's track and field program at San Jose State.
Four days ahead of the Summer Olympic Games in Rio, the university announced that the men's track and field program will be reinstated in 2018 in an attempt to resurrect an athletic legacy of Olympic accomplishments by scores of track-and-field stars over the years, according to the university.
"In bringing back a once-storied athletics program known the world over and building a new track and field venue, we are welcoming home and reuniting with a group of Spartan legends who have left their mark in sports and society as well as providing needed support for our current and future student athletes," San Jose State University President Mary Papazian said in a statement.
SJSU Reinstates Men's Track and Field Program
Joined by fellow Spartan Olympians, alumnus and faculty, Tommie Smith, 72, and John Carlos, 71, two sprinters that put the university on the map after their infamous 1968 Olympic fist-raising gesture, were on hand to celebrate the announcement in front of a statue marking that landmark moment.
"Look at the face of that young man up there," Smith said of the statue Monday. "That's a cry for freedom."
Smith and Carlos talked about thei experience and offered some advice to today's Olympic athletes.
"If you're going to Rio to compete, that's what you go to Rio to do, not to think about the dangers of health," Smith said.
Drug-Busting Coast Guard Cutter Returns Home to Alameda
Said Carlos: "You have to take into account that, yes, you have the spotlight on you, the microphone in your face, and you have the opportunity to speak for those who cannot speak for themselves."
The university hopes to bring a tradition of athletic prestige back to its campus, and the 50th anniversary of the black power salute presents an ideal time to do so, Athletics Director Gene Bleymaier said in a statement.
Mother Assaulted, Kids Possibly Hit With Pepper Spray in SJ
A new stadium, aptly named Bud Winter Field, in honor of the former Spartans coach that led SJSU from 1941 to 1970, will be the new home for both the men's and women's programs upon its completion in 2018, the university said.
Rendering of new track and field facility at San Jose State University (August 1, 2016).
Photo credit: San Jose State University
During Winter's 29-year tenure, the San Jose State program became known as "Speed City" after placing 91 student-athletes in top 10 international rankings, sending 27 athletes to the Olympic games and capturing the NCAA crown in 1969, according to the university.
The reinstatement process will cost roughly $5 million and will be funded with the help of the SJSU Student Union along with private gifts from donors, according to the university.
Lucky Lottery Player in SJ Holds $1.2M Powerball Ticket
The men's program was terminated in 1988 because of a reallocation of university resources, the university said.
"To all of our track and field athletes from the past, welcome home!" - President Papazian pic.twitter.com/J9xGXZySxX
— Jennifer Gonzalez (@JennieGonzNews) August 1, 2016
Tommy Smith& John Carlos raised our national struggle of racial injustice to global consciousness #SJSUaug1pic.twitter.com/dq9HradsB3
Speed City is back: Olympic legends Tommie Smith & John Carlos announce return of track & field to @SJSUpic.twitter.com/mQ2ZiH3ig6
— scott budman (@scottbudman) August 1, 2016
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R. Kelly Indicted on New Federal Charges in Illinois and New York
A 13-count indictment was handed down in federal court for the Northern District of Illinois and includes charges of child pornography, enticement of a minor and obstruction of justice
Published Jul 12, 2019 at 5:58 AM | Updated at 3:22 PM CDT on Jul 12, 2019
R. Kelly Arrested on Federal Child Porn Charges, Indicted in NYC, Illinois
//www.nbcchicago.com/news/local/r_kelly-arrested-federal-sex-charges_Chicago-512627692.html
Singer R. Kelly was expected to appear in court Friday on the first of two new federal indictments for which he was arrested in Chicago Thursday night. NBC 5's Lauren Petty reports. (Published Friday, July 12, 2019)
Singer R. Kelly was arrested in Chicago Thursday on two separate federal indictments in Illinois and Chicago
The 52-year-old was arrested by NYPD detectives and Homeland Security Investigation agents
The R&B star has been the subject of different sexual abuse allegations for nearly two decades, with some alleged acts dating back to 1998
Singer R. Kelly was arrested on two new federal indictments in Illinois and New York on Thursday night, with prosecutors alleging he paid several hundred thousand dollars to recover videotapes of himself engaging in sex acts with minors and pressured witnesses to falsify testimony ahead of the 2008 trial in which he was ultimately acquitted of child pornography charges.
Kelly's latest arrest came nearly five months after he was released on bail for additional sexual abuse charges brought by Illinois prosecutors.
A 13-count indictment filed in the Northern District of Illinois on Thursday and unsealed Friday charges Kelly with four counts of sexual exploitation of children, one count of conspiracy to defraud the United States, three counts of child pornography and five counts of coercing or enticing a minor into sexual activity.
Kelly was arrested Thursday night while walking his dog near his home at Trump Tower in Chicago, according to his attorney. He appeared in court Friday in an orange jumpsuit where he sat quietly as a judge read him his charges.
R. Kelly Yells In Explosive Interview: 5 Biggest Bombshells
R. Kelly gave his first explosive and emotional interview with Gayle King on "CBS This Morning" since sexual abuse charges landed the singer in jail last month.
(Published Wednesday, March 6, 2019)
Two former employees of Kelly were also indicted, including his ex-business manager Derrel McDavid, on one count each of conspiracy to receive child pornography and conspiracy to obstruct justice, as well as two counts of receiving child pornography. Former employee Milton Brown, also known as June Brown, was charged with one count of conspiracy to receive child pornography.
Kelly's attorney Steve Greenberg said in a statement Friday that the singer was "aware of the investigations" into him and that the charges "were not a surprise."
"The conduct alleged appears to largely be the same as the conduct previously alleged against Mr. Kelly in his current State indictment and his former State charges that he was acquitted of. Most, if not all of the conduct alleged, is decades old," Greenberg said.
The indictment filed in U.S. District Court for the Northern District of Illinois alleges that in 1998 and 1999, Kelly, now 52, coerced an unnamed girl dubbed "Minor 1" - who was around 12 or 13 years old when they met two years prior - into sex acts for the purpose of filming it in four separate videos. Prosecutors also say that between roughly 1998 and 2002, Kelly engaged in sex acts with Minor 1 and four others.
Prosecutors allege in Thursday's indictment that from 2001 - when Kelly learned that some of the videos in his collection were missing - through as late as 2015, Kelly, McDavid and other unnamed associates orchestrated the payment of several hundreds of thousands of dollars to various individuals in an effort to recover said videotapes, coerce witnesses to submit false testimony and more.
Kelly was simultaneously indicted on five charges of racketeering, kidnapping, forced labor and sexual exploitation of a child in federal court in New York.
'Taking a Stand Against R. Kelly ... Has Not Been Easy'
Faith Rodgers, who has accused R. Kelly of sexual battery, knowingly infecting her with herpes and locking her in rooms for punishment, spoke at a press conference Monday with attorney Gloria Allred.
(Published Monday, Jan. 14, 2019)
He was scheduled to appear in federal court in Chicago for a removal hearing on the New York charges beginning at 1:45 p.m. CST.
"He and his lawyers look forward to his day in court, to the truth coming out and to the vindication from what has been an unprecedented assault by others for their own personal gain," Greenberg's statement continued. "Most importantly he looks forward to being able to continue making wonderful music and perform for his legions of fans that believe in him."
Back in February, Kelly was charged with aggravated sexual abuse involving four women, three of whom were minors when the alleged abuse occurred. He pleaded not guilty and was released from Chicago's Cook County Jail after posting bail. Greenberg said a bail hearing would be held early next week, "at which time Mr. Kelly hopes to be released from custody."
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Scoop: "Idol" Didn’t Make Stern an Offer
By Courtney Hazlett
Published Feb 11, 2010 at 9:47 PM | Updated at 10:00 PM EST on Feb 11, 2010
Howard Stern could be on the move.
Sources close to “American Idol” continue to dispel rumors that Howard Stern will be joining the show, and some have gone so far as to say no formal offer was ever made to the radio host.
“Could he have talked to someone at 19 Entertainment (the production company behind ‘Idol’)? Sure. Did he get an offer? No. No way,” said one source.
Stern originally told his radio listeners that he was offered a role on an television show, without naming the program, and said that he carefully considered the offer, laid out demands, and ultimately said no.
Is he creating pure fiction for the purposes of having negotiating power when his five-year deal with Sirius satellite radio ends later this year? Possibly, but Stern might have gotten such an offer — just not for “Idol.” The latest rumor is that Stern was actually offered a seat on “America’s Got Talent.”
“He gets an offer from ‘America’s Got Talent,’ talks about it without naming the show on his radio show, and of course everyone assumes it’s ‘Idol,’ ” said another source familiar with Stern’s offers. “There’s no way he’s going to deny it’s ‘Idol’ and ‘Idol’ isn’t going to deny it because it’s good that the show’s being talked about, and Howard is a big fan.”
Stern’s rep did not respond to requests for a response, and representatives for “America’s Got Talent” had no comment.
Jay-Z didn’t want ‘World’ remake
The new recording of “We Are the World” will premiere during Friday’s Olympic opening ceremony. In an NBC News interview with Quincy Jones and Lionel Richie, two of the original “WATW” participants, it’s revealed that Jay-Z was among those who thought that the classic song should be left alone.
“A lot of people told us that (there should be no remake of the song),” Jones said. “Jay-Z said that to me. He said it shouldn’t be remade.”
Richie said that the opportunity to pass along the song to a new generation was part of the decision to go ahead with the recording, sales of which will benefit Haiti.
“If you have an opportunity in life to pass that legacy on to another group of people — another generation, another lifetime — and you're sitting there going, ‘It can only be done because I did it,’ then we didn’t leave our egos at the door properly,” Richie said. “In this case, when it’s being taught in the elementary schools now as an anthem and it’s little girls and little boys singing — not Lionel Richie, not Michael Jackson, not Springsteen — you understand? You pass the legacy on because it’s not who sang it, it’s what it represents. Where there are people dying, it’s time to lend a hand to life, the greatest gift of all.”
I heart the weekend box office
“Valentine’s Day” stands the best chance at the box office this Valentine’s Day weekend. Although too-good-to-be-true ensemble casts tend to spell doom, in this case, the rom-com should win out, thanks to the something-for-everyone star-studded lineup and the PG-13 rating (and of course, the timing).
Coming in second among the weekend’s newcomers, look out for “Percy Jackson & The Olympians: The Lightning Thief.” It’s really the only kid-friendly choice out there right now, and with producer Chris Columbus at the helm, expect it to have the feel of his previous kid flicks such as “Harry Potter” and “Night at the Museum.”
Finally, there’s “The Wolfman,” with Benicio Del Toro, Emily Blunt and Anthony Hopkins. A horror flick over Valentine’s Day weekend? There’s a lot to be said for counter-programming ...
Courteny Hazlett delivers the Scoop Monday through Friday on msnbc.com. Follow Scoop on Twitter @courtneyatmsnbc.
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Trump's Options for North Korea Include Placing Nukes in South Korea
North Korean leader Kim Jong Un watches a military parade in Pyongyang, North Korea, on Oct. 10, 2015.Wong Maye-E / AP, file
April 7, 2017, 8:53 PM UTC / Updated April 7, 2017, 11:23 PM UTC
By William M. Arkin, Cynthia McFadden, Kevin Monahan and Robert Windrem
The National Security Council has presented President Donald Trump with options to respond to North Korea's nuclear program — including putting American nukes in South Korea or killing dictator Kim Jong-un, multiple top-ranking intelligence and military officials told NBC News.
Both scenarios are part of an accelerated review of North Korea policy prepared in advance of Trump's meeting with Chinese President Xi Jinping this week.
The White House hopes the Chinese will do more to influence Pyongyang through diplomacy and enhanced sanctions. But if that fails, and North Korea continues its development of nuclear weapons, there are other options on the table that would significantly alter U.S. policy.
Exclusive: NSC Presents Pres. Trump With Military Options on North Korea
April 7, 201702:55
The first and most controversial course of action under consideration is placing U.S. nuclear weapons in South Korea. The U.S. withdrew all nuclear weapons from South Korea 25 years ago. Bringing back bombs — likely to Osan Air Base, less than 50 miles south of the capital of Seoul — would mark the first overseas nuclear deployment since the end of the Cold War, an unquestionably provocative move.
"We have 20 years of diplomacy and sanctions under our belt that has failed to stop the North Korean program," one senior intelligence official involved in the review told NBC News. "I’m not advocating pre-emptive war, nor do I think that the deployment of nuclear weapons buys more for us than it costs," but he stressed that the U.S. was dealing with a "war today" situation. He doubted that Chinese and American interests coincided closely enough to find a diplomatic solution.
An undated file photograph released by the North Korean Central News Agency (KCNA) shows North Korean leader Kim Jong-un overseeing Korean People's Army military exercise in Pyongyang, North Korea.KCNA/EPA/REX/Shutterstock / Shutterstock
"I don’t think that [deploying nuclear weapons] is a good idea. I think that it will only inflame the view from Pyongyang," retired Adm. James Stavridis told NBC News. "I don't see any upside to it because the idea that we would use a nuclear weapon even against North Korea is highly unlikely."
Two military sources told NBC News that Air Force leadership doesn't necessarily support putting nuclear weapons in South Korea. As an alternative, it's been practicing long-range strikes with strategic bombers — sending them to the region for exercises and deploying them in Guam and on the peninsula as a show of force.
Mark Lippert, the former U.S, ambassador to South Korea, said nuclear deployment there is a concept that's been embraced by a growing number of Koreans.
"Some polls put it at well over 50 percent," he said. "It's something that's being debated, and support for it over time, at least at this point, is climbing."
Still, he thinks it's a bad idea, undermining the U.S. objective of a nuclear-free zone and "South Korea's moral authority toward de-nuclearization of the peninsula."
A woman walks past a television screen showing file footage of a North Korean missile launch, at a railway station in Seoul on April 5, 2017.Jung Yeon-Je / AFP - Getty Images
Another option is to target and kill North Korean leader Kim Jong-un and other senior leaders in charge of the country's missiles and nuclear weapons and decision-making. Adopting such an objective has huge downsides, said Lippert, who also served as an assistant defense secretary under President Barack Obama.
"Discussions of regime change and decapitation...tend to cause the Chinese great pause of concern and tends to have them move in the opposite direction we would like them to move in terms of pressure," he said.
Stavridis, a former NATO commander, said that "decapitation is always a tempting strategy when you're faced with a highly unpredictable and highly dangerous leader."
"The question you have to ask yourself," he said, "is what happens the day after you decapitate? I think that in North Korea, it's an enormous unknown."
A third option is covert action, infiltrating U.S. and South Korean special forces into North Korea to sabotage or take out key infrastructure — for instance, blowing up bridges to block the movement of mobile missiles. The CIA, which would oversee such operations, told NBC News it could offer "no guidance" on this option. But Stavridis said that he felt it was the "best strategy" should the U.S. be forced to take military action. He described such action as: "some combination of special forces with South Korea and cyber."
Last year, South Korea announced the creation of a special operations unit called Spartan 3000 to operate behind enemy frontlines inside North Korea.
Lester Holt Takes an Exclusive Look at U.S. Military Training in South Korea
Trump has already indicated he's open to unilateral action if China fails to rein in its ally, telling the Financial Times over the weekend, "If China is not going to solve North Korea, we will."
But on Wednesday, Gen. John Hyten, commander of U.S. Strategic Command, told the Senate Armed Services Committee that "any solution to the North Korea problem has to involve China." He said that while his job was to present "military options" to the White House, he finds it "hard ... to see a solution without China."
Related: Defense Secretary Says North Korea 'Has Got to be Stopped'
Still, military exercises and simulations focused on North Korea have been getting larger and more complex in recent years. In 2017 alone, these exercises have included;
"Key Resolve," a command post exercise held in March
"Foal Eagle," a peninsula-wide mobilization and logistics exercise underway now,
An anti-submarine exercise taking place this month, part of the "Silent Shark" series.
"Nimble Titan," a gigantic multinational missile defense synchronization experiment last month.
And last month, the Army announced that it would permanently station its version of the armed Predator — called Gray Eagle — on the Korean Peninsula. That follows an exercise last summer in which hunter-killer Reaper drones practiced the mock destruction of North Korean mobile missile launchers.
Since North Korea’s first successful nuclear test in 2009, the United States has adopted a strategy to "slow, stop, and defeat" the North’s nuclear and ballistic missile pursuits. That ranges from interdiction of supplies to interception of a ballistic missile actually in the air.
The Trump White House, through the National Security Council, asked for blue sky options in early February, a senior official told NBC on background. "Think big," the official said that the agencies were instructed. Many proposals have already been abandoned, but on the military side, sources say, the three options with the highest impact still constitute the next steps.
"It is absolutely appropriate," Stavridis said, for all contingencies to be considered. "In fact, it's mandatory for the Pentagon to present the widest possible array of options. That's what enables presidents to make the right decisions, when they see all the options on the table in front of them."
William M. Arkin
William M. Arkin is a freelance writer who specializes in national security.
Cynthia McFadden
Cynthia McFadden is the senior legal and investigative correspondent for NBC News.
Kevin Monahan is a producer for the NBC News Investigative Unit.
Robert Windrem
Robert Windrem is an investigative reporter/producer with NBC News, specializing in international security.
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Home New England College to Receive $3 Million Gift
New England College to Receive $3 Million Gift
New England College will receive $3 million from Tom and Barbara Putnam, the Putnam family, and the Putnam Foundation to name the College’s future state-of-the-art theatre. The Rosamond Page Putnam Center for the Performing Arts will establish a permanent legacy, celebrating Mrs. Putnam’s lifelong commitment to the theatre and the arts.
Tom Putnam said, “My mother loved the theatre, and the Putnam family is honored to support the creation of the new performing arts center at New England College that will carry her name. We hope this new theatre will bring a higher level of cultural enrichment to the students and benefit everyone at the College, as well as all of the people of south west New Hampshire.”
To date, the Putnam’s leadership gift is among the largest gifts to the College’s “Bridge to the Future” campaign, which is in its quiet phase. The gift will support the construction of a two-story, 350-seat thrust stage theatre, which will be located on the campus’s south district. As a new, innovative performing arts venue for the region, the building’s design will accommodate a variety of programming such as dramatic productions, dance and musical performances, political forums and debates, professional lectures, and summer arts programs for K-12 students. As with many of the College’s facilities, the theatre will be shared with the community. Construction will dovetail with the building of New England College’s newest academic building, the John Lyons Center, which is scheduled to break ground this coming spring.
“We are thrilled to construct a world class theatre that honors Rosamond Page Putnam,” said New England College President, Michele Perkins. “Generations of engaged students, alumni, faculty, staff, and community members will benefit from such generosity and, as a strong and healthy college, we are poised to grow and leverage unique opportunities. New England College will forever be grateful to the Putnam family and the Putnam Foundation.”
For over 60 years the Putnam family has supported the College with scholarships and endowment funds. The family hopes that this gift will inspire others to get involved with New England College to strengthen its unique programs and provide the funds necessary to cross the bridge to a bright new future.
New England College’s Theatre Program:
Has sent more students to the Actors Studio MFA Program than any other college or university in the country.
Graduates have also studied at North Carolina School of the Arts, University of San Diego, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Colorado, University of Georgia, California Institute of the Arts, Southern Illinois University, and Le Cordon Bleu in Paris.
Over 75 students each year participate in theatre productions. New England College offers 10 theatrical performances in which students, faculty, staff, alumni, and friends participate on an annual basis.
There are dozens of successful New England College theatre students in the arts and entertainment world, including Oscar award-winning actress Geena Davis, five-time Emmy award-winning cinematographer Jay Kulick, and Emmy award-winning producer Cris Graves.
NEC trained technicians and stage managers have worked on Broadway and with such prestigious companies as The Alvin Ailey American Dance Company, Colorado Shakespeare Festival, and the Wilma Theatre in Philadelphia.
New England College also is home to The Open Door Theatre, a small professional theatre company which just celebrated its 11th year of staging classic plays made relevant and accessible for 21st century audiences.
“New England College has a rich tradition of excellence in both the training of young theatre artists and in the creation of unique and provocative theatre. We are thrilled to be moving into a brand new home, and offering our students and patrons new and even more exceptional theatre experiences,” said Glenn Stuart, Professor of Theatre and Director of New England College’s Open Door Theatre company. Recent public productions performed at the College’s intimate 82-seat Mainstage Theatre have included William Shakespeare’s King Lear, Twelfth Night, and A Midsummer Night’s Dream; David Ives’ All in the Timing; and Tony Kushner’s Angels in America. Performances of creative movement and dance have also been offered to the public.
Putnam Foundation
The Putnam Foundation is a private charitable foundation whose mission is to provide grants on a regional basis in New Hampshire and, in particular, the Monadnock Region, for projects in the areas of the arts, historic preservation, and cultural and environmental enrichment.
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Associated Companies
Orbotech Subsidiaries
Direct Imaging for Patterning
Automated Optical Inspection
IC Substrates (Down to 5 micron)
PCB Inspection (Down to 25 micron)
Metrology Integrated AOI
Automated Optical Shaping
Inkjet / Additive Printing
UV Laser Drilling
Laser Plotting
Industry 4.0 / Orbotech Smart Factory
Computer Aided Manufacturing & Engineering
Automated Optical Inspection (AOI)
Value added applications
ORBOTECH REPORTS FIRST QUARTER 2016 RESULTS
2016 first quarter highlights
• Revenues of $190 million
• Gross margin of 45.0%
• Non-GAAP EPS of $0.53 (diluted); GAAP EPS of $0.36 (diluted)
• Term loan repayment of $26 million
2016 second quarter guidance
• Revenue range: $190 million to $198 million
• Gross margin range: 45.0% to 45.5%
YAVNE, ISRAEL, MAY 4, 2016 | ORBOTECH LTD. (NASDAQ: ORBK) (the “Company”) today announced its consolidated financial results for the quarter ended March 31, 2016.
Commenting on the results, Asher Levy, Chief Executive Officer, said: “We are very pleased with our financial results for the first quarter, which mark a strong start to the year. Industry conditions have developed generally as we anticipated at the beginning of the year. In particular, the acceleration in technological changes is a clear positive driver for the Company, and our broad portfolio of high quality solutions enable our customers’ production facilities to answer the challenges posed by this trend.”
Revenues for the first quarter of 2016 totaled $190.4 million, up from $184.8 million in the first quarter, and $188.2 million in the fourth quarter, of 2015.
In the Company’s Production Solutions for Electronics Industry segment:
- Revenues from the Company’s semiconductor device (“SD”) business were $72.5 million (including $62.4 million in equipment sales) in the first quarter of 2016. This compares to SD revenues of $61.4 million (including $46.6 million in equipment sales) in the first quarter of 2015.
- Revenues from the Company’s printed circuit board (“PCB”) business were $68.0 million (including $39.9 million in equipment sales) in the first quarter of 2016. This compares to PCB revenues of $58.0 million (including $31.3 million in equipment sales) in the first quarter of 2015.
- Revenues from the Company’s flat panel display (“FPD”) business were $44.7 million (including $35.6 million in equipment sales) in the first quarter of 2016. This compares to FPD revenues of $57.4 million (including $47.3 million in equipment sales) in the first quarter of 2015.
Revenues in the Company’s other segments totaled $5.3 million in the first quarter of 2016, compared with $8.0 million in the first quarter of 2015.
Service revenues for the first quarter of 2016 were $49.5 million, compared with $53.4 million in the first quarter of 2015.
Gross profit and gross margin in the first quarter of 2016 were $85.6 million and 45.0%, respectively, compared with $83.1 million and 45.0%, respectively, in the first quarter of 2015.
GAAP net income for the first quarter of 2016 was $15.7 million, or $0.36 per share (diluted), up from $11.8 million, or $0.28 per share (diluted), for the first quarter of 2015.
Adjusted EBITDA (as defined below) and adjusted EBITDA margin for the first quarter of 2016 were $35.3 million and 18.5%, respectively, up from $33.8 million and 18.3%, respectively, in the first quarter of 2015.
Non-GAAP net income and non-GAAP net income margin for the first quarter of 2016 were $23.1 million and 12.2%, respectively, up from $20.8 million and 11.2%, for the first quarter of 2015.
Non-GAAP earnings per share (diluted) for the first quarter of 2016 were $0.53, up from $0.48 per share (diluted), for the first quarter of 2015.
A reconciliation of each of the Company’s non-GAAP measures to the comparable GAAP measure (the “Reconciliation”) is included at the end of this press release.
As of March 31, 2016, the Company had cash, cash equivalents (including restricted cash), short-term bank deposits and marketable securities of approximately $176.8 million, and debt of $214.0 million. In the first quarter of 2016, the Company generated cash of $15.7 million from operations and repaid $25.6 million of its term loan.
Second Quarter 2016 Guidance
The Company expects revenues for the second quarter of 2016 to be in the range of $190 million to $198 million, and gross margin to be in the range of 45.0% to 45.5%.
An earnings conference call for the Company’s first quarter 2016 results is scheduled for today, May 4, 2016 at 9:00 a.m. EDT. The dial-in number for the conference call is 1-312-470-7384 or (US toll-free) 888-469-1283 and a replay will be available on telephone number +1-203-369-1922 or (US toll-free) 866-509-3935 until May 19, 2016. The pass code is Q1. A live webcast of the conference call can also be heard by accessing the Company’s website here http://investors.orbotech.com/phoenix.zhtml?c=71865&p=irol-EventDetails&EventId=5216447. The webcast will remain available for 12 months at: http://investors.orbotech.com/phoenix.zhtml?c=71865&p=irol-audioArchives
About Orbotech Ltd.
Orbotech Ltd. (NASDAQ:ORBK) is a global innovator of enabling technologies used in the manufacture of the world’s most sophisticated consumer and industrial products throughout the electronics and adjacent industries. The Company is a leading provider of yield enhancement and production solutions for electronics reading, writing and connecting, used by manufacturers of printed circuit boards, flat panel displays, advanced packaging, micro-electro-mechanical systems and other electronic components. Virtually every electronic device in the world is produced using Orbotech systems. For more information, visit http://www.orbotech.com/.
Except for historical information, the matters discussed in this press release are forward-looking statements within the meaning of the U.S. Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. These statements relate to, among other things, future prospects, developments and business strategies and involve certain risks and uncertainties. The words “anticipate,” “believe,” “could,” “will,” “plan,” “expect” and “would” and similar terms and phrases, including references to assumptions, have been used in this press release to identify forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements are made based on management’s expectations and beliefs concerning future events affecting Orbotech and are subject to uncertainties and factors relating to Orbotech’s operations and business environment, all of which are difficult to predict and many of which are beyond the Company’s control. Many factors could cause the actual results to differ materially from those projected including, without limitation, cyclicality in the industries in which the Company operates, the Company’s production capacity, timing and occurrence of product acceptance (the Company defines ‘bookings’ and ‘backlog’ as purchase arrangements with customers that are based on mutually agreed terms, which, in some cases for bookings and backlog, may still be subject to completion of written documentation and may be changed or cancelled by the customer, often without penalty), fluctuations in product mix, worldwide economic conditions generally, especially in the industries in which the Company operates, the timing and strength of product and service offerings by the Company and its competitors, changes in business or pricing strategies, changes in the prevailing political and regulatory framework in which the relevant parties operate or in economic or technological trends or conditions, including currency fluctuations, inflation and consumer confidence, on a global, regional or national basis, the level of consumer demand for sophisticated devices such as smartphones, tablets and other electronic devices as well as automobiles, the Company’s global operations and its ability to comply with varying legal, regulatory, exchange, tax and customs regimes, the Company’s ability to achieve strategic initiatives, including related to its acquisition strategy, the Company’s debt and corporate financing activities; the final timing, outcome and impact of the criminal matter expected in mid- to-late 2016 and ongoing investigation in Korea, including any impact on existing or future business opportunities in Korea and elsewhere, any civil actions related to the Korean matter brought by third parties, including the Company’s customers, which may result in monetary judgments or settlements, expenses associated with the Korean Matter, ongoing or increased hostilities in Israel and the surrounding areas, and other risks detailed in the Company’s SEC reports, including the Company’s Annual Report on Form 20-F for the year ended December 31, 2015, and subsequent SEC filings. The Company assumes no obligation to update the information in this press release to reflect new information, future events or otherwise, except as required by law.
Non-GAAP net income, non-GAAP net income margin, non-GAAP net income per share detailed in the Reconciliation exclude charges, income or losses, as applicable, related to one or more of the following: (i) equity-based compensation expenses; (ii) certain items associated with acquisitions, including amortization of intangibles and acquisition costs; (iii) certain items associated with sale or disposition of businesses; (iv) tax impact; and/or (v) share in losses of associated company. The Company uses the non-GAAP measures indicated in the Reconciliation to supplement the Company’s financial results presented on a GAAP basis. These non-GAAP measures exclude equity based compensation expenses, amortization of intangible assets, share in losses/profits of associated companies, as well as certain financial expenses and non-recurring income items that are believed to be helpful in understanding and comparing past operating and financial performance with current results. Management uses all of the non-GAAP measures to evaluate the Company’s operating and financial performance in light of business objectives and for planning purposes. These measures are not in accordance with GAAP and may differ from non-GAAP methods of accounting and reporting used by other companies. Orbotech believes that these measures enhance investors’ ability to review the Company’s business from the same perspective as the Company’s management and facilitate comparisons with results for prior periods. In addition, these non-GAAP measures are among the primary factors management uses in planning for and forecasting future periods. However, the non-GAAP measures presented are subject to limitations as an analytical tool because they exclude certain recurring items (such as, equity compensation, interest expense and amortization of intangible assets) as described below and in the Reconciliation. The presentation of this additional non-GAAP information should not be considered in isolation or as a substitute for net income; net income attributable to Orbotech Ltd. or earnings per share prepared in accordance with GAAP, and should be read only in conjunction with the Company’s consolidated financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP. For a quantification of the adjustments made to comparable GAAP measures, please see the Reconciliation.
The effect of equity-based compensation expenses has been excluded from the non-GAAP measures. Although equity-based compensation is a key incentive offered to employees, and the Company believes such compensation contributed to the revenues earned during the periods presented and also believes it will contribute to the generation of future period revenues, the Company continues to evaluate its business performance excluding equity based compensation expenses. Equity-based compensation expenses will recur in future periods.
The effects of amortization of intangible assets have also been excluded from the measures. This item is inconsistent in amount and frequency and is significantly affected by the timing and size of acquisitions. Investors should note that the use of intangible assets contributed to revenues earned during the periods presented and will contribute to future period revenues as well. Amortization of intangible assets will recur in future periods and the Company may be required to record additional impairment charges in the future. The Company believes that it is useful for investors to understand the effects of these items on total operating expenses.
Adjusted EBITDA and Credit Facility EBITDA are each also a non-GAAP financial measure. The Company defines adjusted EBITDA as net income attributable to Orbotech Ltd., further adjusted, in addition to the items described above, to exclude taxes on income, financial expenses (income) – net and depreciation. The Company presents adjusted EBITDA because it considers it to be an important supplemental measure and believes it is frequently used by securities analysts, investors and other interested parties in the evaluation of companies in Orbotech’s industry. The presentation of adjusted EBITDA is not based on the definition in the Credit Agreement governing the term loan incurred in connection with the SPTS acquisition. Credit Facility EBITDA reflects additional adjustments to adjusted EBITDA permitted by the Credit Agreement as described in the Reconciliation and reflects the calculation for the twelve months ended March 31, 2016. Although the Company believes its presentation of each of adjusted EBITDA and Credit Facility EBITDA is useful, its adjusted EBITDA measure and Credit Facility EBITDA may not be comparable to similarly titled measures presented by other companies.
For more information about all of the foregoing items, see the Reconciliation, the Company’s Annual Report on Form 20-F filed with the SEC for the year ended December 31, 2015 and its other SEC filings.
COMPANY CONTACTS:
Anat Earon-Heilborn
Director of Investor Relations
Orbotech Ltd.
Investor.relations@orbotech.com
Tally Kaplan Porat
Head of Corporate Marketing
Tally-Ka@orbotech.com
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It's Not Rocket Science: 4 Simple Strategies for Mastering the Art of Execution by Dave Anderson
Our world, often said to be changing at a pace that is “faster than ever,” has created an unhealthy peer pressure of sorts that has compelled impulsive business leaders, ungrounded by basic and foundational disciplines, to get caught up in the “move faster” whirlwind. The result for many has been far more motion than progress: successions of doomed-to-fail fads, phases, silver bullets, flavors of the month, and hosts of knee-jerk forays into follow-the-pack fantasies that drain resources, and confuse and demoralize customers, associates, and shareholders. To be fair, it is easy to get caught up in the “change for the sake of change,” and “do it faster and more often” group mind-sets when you consider the near-incomprehensible realities around us:
Sir Ken Robinson, international advisor on education to governments, observed: “The world is changing faster than ever in our history. Our best hope for the future is to develop a new paradigm of human capacity to meet a new era of human existence” (Robinson 2009).
“The rate at which companies get bumped off the S&P [Standard and Poor's] 500 has been accelerating. Back in 1958, a company could expect to stay on the list for 61 years. These days, the average is just 18 years…. General Electric, [is] the only company that's remained on the S&P Index since it started in 1926” (Regalado 2013).
In Great by Choice, authors Jim Collins and Morten T. Hansen (2011) somewhat apologetically examine how 11 of the 60 companies Collins ...
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U.S. to ratchet up sanctions on Iran
By Jay Jackson, Orlando Echo
The president says the proposed heightened penalties are in response to Iran enriching uranian for a long time and in secret
According to reports from the IAEA the claim has no foundation, inspectors say Iran has been in full compliance until now
Iran's economy has collapsed under the sanctions and it is the population of 80 million people that are paying the price
WASHINGTON DC - Sanctions on Iran will soon be substantially increased, U.S. President Donald Trump has tweeted.
The president says the proposed heightened penalties are in response to Iran enriching uranian for a long time and in secret.
According to reports from the IAEA the claim has no foundation, inspectors say Iran has been in full compliance until now.
"Iran has long been secretly "enriching," in total violation of the terrible 150 Billion Dollar deal made by John Kerry and the Obama Administration. Remember, that deal was to expire in a short number of years. Sanctions will soon be increased, substantially!" Trump tweeted on Wednesday.
Iran has now begun enriching uranium because it says the agreement between it and the major powers (the U.S., the UK, Russia, China, Germany, and the European Union) known as the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA) agreement, has been broken by the United States which has unilaterally re-imposed the original sanctions, and a raft of new ones. The United States, despite withdrawing from that agreement, is insisting Iran should hold up its part.
Iranian President Hassan Rouhani said it was a "sad irony" an emergency meeting of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) has been called at the request of the White House, when the U.S. was responsible for having "ruined" the JCPOA.
What to do now is the dilemma the major powers face. Other nations are being persuaded by the United States to comply with the sanctions it has imposed, which puts Europe for example in the position of supporting sanctions, while expecting Iran to continue to comply with its obligations under the JCPOA.
Iran's economy has collapsed under the sanctions and it is the population of 80 million people that are paying the price.
On Monday, the Atomic Energy Organisation of Iran said the country had officially surpassed the 3.67% uranium enrichment limit set under the historic 2015 nuclear deal and was conisdering increasing the stockpile to 20% in the future.
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Home / News / In the Blue corner
In the wake of the Intel Solutions Summit, Andrew Wooden talks to UK and Ireland channel sales manager Gerald Grattoni about Intel's plans for the channel, and takes a look at its in house graphics operation Larrabee and the huge potential that has to change the whole landscape forever?
In the Blue corner
13th May 2008 News
Has Intel’s commitment and investment to the channel changed in recent years?
I don’t think it has changed, I think we’ve been very, very consistent in what we’ve been investing and in looking after the channel. We’re trying to be more efficient, and we always try to bring more things to our customer base, from very small customers to our larger customers. We try to be very comprehensive in our approach to the people we target.
I think ‘consistent’ is what you’d have to call it, we always try to do the best we can by bringing in new products, new programmes and marketing activity. The channel is important to Intel’s overall strategy. The channel players are very good with the transition of technology, they are very flexible companies. We will continue investing in them as they are a key part of our business.
Are you looking to widen the remit of who you engage with in the channel?
That’s one thing that we have done a lot of. We are extending the scope of what we call ‘the channel’. If we look at the last year’s engagement we had, it was mainly focussed on integrators and component resellers.
What we’ve done now is really bring all the value add, the training and the marketing which we can help with and bring it to a broader remit to service what we would call the channel. Our engagement was perhaps limited to the integrators, the system builders and component resellers.
In terms of the way we communicate now, we approach the channel from a much broader perspective.
Would you say you have always had closer ties with UK retailers and resellers than rivals?
We’ve got some guidelines and things we want to achieve, and we have been focussing on delivering that for the last year. We keep focussed, and it’s critical for us to bring solutions, the best marketing and the best training.
There are a lot of channel programmes from other companies, I think we all bring a different angle, but we are pleased with the way we have been supporting the channel in the last year.
In the UK and Ireland we also want to continue to support our customer base and find new channels in the market and new verticals.
The channel is evolving quickly, and I would say that from the beginning we have been fairly consistent with the support of our products. And we want to make sure we provide the best support to make sure we get the new products to market, some new verticals and we try to match make them with some of the key tier one retailers in the UK to make sure we can work with them on new business models, for example the managed services for new technology.
We are sitting down with the channel and working out where the opportunities are, and we will go further than that with some of the other key players – where we can help with our European retail network or our European OEM network we will to see if we can help them to find opportunities abroad, whether that’s in the USA or in Africa, or across Europe as well.
We make sure we’re bringing all the ‘value-add’ and all the things we can help with to accelerate and strengthen their business.
How exactly is the channel evolving?
In the last two and a half years you’ve seen a fair bit of consolidation in the UK market. Some of the larger integrators have closed down, some of them have merged and some new players are on the horizon at the moment. I think the channel landscape is changing, and the market and the demand and needs are also evolving.
And we want to make sure that the channel remains competitive.
Get with the programme
As well as showcasing a number of new products in the pipeline, the Intel Solutions Summit (which took place in Rome April 14th to the 16th) provided the launch pad for two new programs designed to better support the UK channel.
The Flex+ scheme is essentially similar to Air Miles or a Tesco Club card, whereby customers get rewards and incentives for various purchases. These include products, staff training, and golf days.
Also introduced at the show was the Multi Site Director Program Package, which was created in response to Intel noticing a lot of its customers were switching to more service based business model. It provides facilities for remote management, remote maintenance, upgrades, and alerting functionality, and has been in pilot for nine months.
Sam Bellamy, European channel sales manager spoke to us from the show regarding some of Intel’s more specific plans to support the channel.
"We are looking to do more online in terms of our own channel website and banners. We’re also doing some pass through materials which has Intel graphics and catchwords etc. On that same advertisement channel partners can put their own logo or their own website to really show and demonstrate the partnerships that we have.
Our vice president and head of channel business worldwide talked about how one of Intel’s very first orders nearly 40 years ago was from a distributor. From that first order and certainly from the last ten years since I’ve been in the channel we’ve had huge commitment and huge investment and we’ve also seen great returns and its been very successful all round. We see the channel is extremely strategic to Intel’s future, and we’re so happy to continue to invest in the programmes.
"There are 180,000 members of our programme in 160 odd countries worldwide. That’s something we’re very proud of and it’s obviously a very significant part of our business. And they’ll be lots of investment in the future as well."
Graphic details
The balance of power that existed for years, in which CPU powerhouses Intel and AMD generally left the real business of hardcore graphics capability to smaller specialist ATi and Nvidia, is disappearing.
When AMD first acquired ATi, the assumption from many quarters was that Intel would follow suite and make a swoop for remaining discreet graphics specialist Nvidia. While it certainly had deep enough pockets for such a venture, the deal never happened. Instead rumours began emerging of Intel’s in house graphics operation codenamed Larrabee – rumours that were soon confirmed by the chip giant itself.
The potential of this new graphics venture – producing products hardwired to be perfectly compatible with the most populous CPUs in the world, and supported by the huge weight of funding a company like Intel could provide – led many to question the future of Nvidia.
Nvidia’s stance is that it has been in the graphics game too long to simply be muscled out by Intel’s bulging wallet (see page 44), and the firm’s top brass has been making increasingly aggressive statements towards Intel.
Meanwhile Intel is being decidedly more tight lipped on its intentions in this space.
When asked how important it is for Intel to have a greater influence in the future development of graphics technology, Grattoni replied: "Graphics is key to the market, and we’ve got a strong amount of integrated systems at the moment."
It is expected that the first products will launch late next year, and that it will require a brand new Intel written software development kit for firms to write code for.
With Intel piling its not inconsiderable wealth behind the venture, the potential for change in the discreet graphics market is huge.
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Three opportunities for Canada in Durban
Advocacy in Canada, Water, Women's Transformative Leadership
by Oxfam | November 28, 2011
The following article originally appeared in the Toronto Star
by Mark Fried
Environment Minister Peter Kent may relish another “fossil of the year” award for Canada at the UN climate negotiations in Durban, South Africa, starting Monday.
He seemed to be inviting one with his recent statement to the Toronto Economic Club: “However acute the international pressure, we will not agree to taking on a second commitment period target under the Kyoto Protocol.”
That earned the minister an undiplomatic rebuke from the high commissioner of South Africa, once again underlining Canada’s stature as the only country in the world to break its legal and moral obligations under Kyoto.
The opportunities for Kent to look good lie in the other major issue on the table at Durban: money to help poor countries already reeling from the changing climate. Given the conference takes place in Africa, where changes in temperature and precipitation have caused widespread crop failures, adaptation financing will be front and centre. And success on financing may help obscure failure to agree to ambitious emissions-reductions targets.
Last year, governments pledged to mobilize $100 billion per year by 2020 for a Green Climate Fund; the job in Durban is to determine how to finance and administer the fund.
A first step for Canada would be to make good on outstanding promises for “fast start” finance for 2010-2012. Canada came up with a fair share of $400 million for the first year, but we are now in the 11th month of 2011 with no sign of Canada’s second tranche. If Kent announces another $400 million, he should seek a better balance between adaptation and mitigation. (Last year, 89 per cent of Canada’s support went to help companies reduce emissions and only 11 per cent for adaptation.)
A second opportunity is to insist on structuring the Green Climate Fund so it works for the most vulnerable. Canada could reintroduce a measure raised last year to mandate fair representation for women, poor communities and developing country governments on the Fund’s board.
Those two should be easy. The third opportunity is where Canada could really shine: by supporting innovative ways to fill the Green Climate Fund, and thus lessen the burden on cash-strapped governments everywhere. Two mechanisms high on the Durban agenda are a tax on financial transactions and a levy on international shipping.
The financial transaction tax was championed by France and Germany at the G20, where a raft of international organizations and Bill Gates endorsed it, and Brazil, Argentina, South Africa, Ethiopia and Spain signed on. Even at the tiny proposed rate of 0.05 per cent, the tax would raise tens of billions annually. Applying it to the Toronto Stock Exchange alone would raise $400 million a year, equivalent to Canada’s current pledge.
The other innovative finance mechanism Kent may find attractive is putting a carbon price on international shipping. Shipping causes 3 per cent of global greenhouse gas emissions, more than Canada or Germany. Shipping emissions have doubled since 1990 and are projected to treble by 2050, yet are currently unregulated and untaxed.
Applying a $25 per ton carbon price on shipping fuel would give the industry a solid incentive to reduce emissions, while generating $25 billion per year by 2020. The shipping levy has been endorsed by France, Germany, South Africa, and key international organizations including the World Bank and the IMF (plus Gates).
Even the International Chamber of Shipping (representing 80 per cent of the merchant fleet) has come on side. And a proposal to use part of the revenues to reimburse developing countries for any resulting trade losses seems to have broken the negotiating logjam. Agreement in Durban is a real possibility.
Kent won’t want to oppose this one in Durban, especially since developed countries would earn a credit on their obligation to provide climate financing based on their share of global imports by sea. Canada’s credit could be up to $475 million per year.
Climate change is wreaking havoc in developing countries. As one of the top 10 polluters in the world, Canada has a special responsibility to make reparations. Even if Kent remains inexplicably stubborn on emissions reductions, he could champion climate finance and keep some egg off Canada’s face.
Mark Fried is policy coordinator for Oxfam Canada.
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Tip: Importance of Itemizing. Charitable contributions are deductible only if you itemize deductions on Form 1040, Schedule A. Those who take the standard deduction cannot deduct their contributions.
According to Giving USA 2017, Americans gave an estimated $390.05 billion to charity in 2016. That’s the highest total in more than 60 years since the report was first published.1
Americans give to charity for two main reasons: To support a cause or organization they care about, or to leave a legacy through their support.
When giving to charitable organizations, some people elect to support through cash donations. Others, however, understand that supporting an organization may generate tax benefits. They may opt to follow techniques that can maximize both the gift and the potential tax benefit. Here’s a quick review of a few charitable choices:
Direct gifts are just that: contributions made directly to charitable organizations. Direct gifts may be deductible from income taxes depending on your individual situation.
Charitable gift annuities are not related to annuities offered by insurance companies. Under this arrangement, the donor gives money, securities, or real estate, and in return, the charitable organization agrees to pay the donor a fixed income. Upon the death of the donor, the assets pass to the charitable organization. Charitable gift annuities enable donors to receive consistent income and potentially manage taxes.
Pooled-income funds pool contributions from various donors into a fund, which is invested by the charitable organization. Income from the fund is distributed to the donors according to their share of the fund. Pooled-income funds enable donors to receive income, potentially manage taxes, and make a future gift to charity.
Fast Fact: Contributions by individuals, couples, and families accounted for 72% of the $390.05 billion donated to charitable organizations in 2016.
Giving USA Foundation, 2017
Gifts in trust enable donors to contribute to a charity and leave assets to beneficiaries. Generally, these irrevocable trusts take one of two forms. With a charitable remainder trust, the donor can receive lifetime income from the assets in the trust, which then pass to the charity when the donor dies; in the case of a charitable lead trust, the charity receives the income from the assets in the trust, which then pass to the donor’s beneficiaries when the donor dies.
Donor-advised funds are funds administered by a charity to which a donor can make irrevocable contributions. This gift may have tax considerations, which is another benefit. The donor also can recommend that the fund make distributions to qualified charitable organizations.
Some people are comfortable with their current gifting strategies. Others, however, may want a more advanced strategy that can maximize their gift and generate potential tax benefits. A financial professional can help you assess which approach may work best for you.
Remember, the information in this article is not intended as tax or legal advice. And it may not be used for the purpose of avoiding any federal tax penalties. Please consult legal or tax professionals for specific information regarding your individual situation.
Giving and Net Worth
Charitable giving appears to trail household net worth by about one year. When household net worth dipped in 2008, charitable giving dipped in 2009.
Chart Source: Giving USA Foundation, 2017; Federal Reserve, 2017
The biggest percentage of charitable contributions — 32% — went to churches and religious organizations. A variety of different types of groups were on the receiving end of charitable gifts.
Chart Source: Giving USA Foundation, 2016
The content is developed from sources believed to be providing accurate information. The information in this material is not intended as tax or legal advice. It may not be used for the purpose of avoiding any federal tax penalties. Please consult legal or tax professionals for specific information regarding your individual situation. Some of this material was developed and produced by FMG, LLC, to provide information on a topic that may be of interest. FMG Suite is not affiliated with the named broker-dealer, state- or SEC-registered investment advisory firm. The opinions expressed and material provided are for general information and should not be considered a solicitation for the purchase or sale of any security. Copyright 2019 FMG Suite.
Problems with Probate
Probate can be a completely public process, or it can be managed to include as little information as possible.
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Talking to auctioneers aboard Royal Caribbean’s new ship, Harmony of the Seas
In Art & Gallery News, Cruise Art Auctions at Sea, In the News
Talking to auctioneers aboard Royal Caribbean’s new ship, Harmony of the Seas2016-05-262016-05-26https://www.parkwestgallery.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/02/pwg_site_logo_trimmed.pngPark West Galleryhttps://parkwestgallery-104d1.kxcdn.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/Harmony-gallery-1.jpg200px200px
The art gallery on Harmony of the Seas (photo courtesy of William Roberts)
Take a peek at the world’s largest cruise ship with our auctioneers sailing aboard Royal Caribbean International’s Harmony of the Seas.
On May 12, 2016, Royal Caribbean International unveiled their newest cruise ship, Harmony of the Seas, at the STX Shipyard in Nazaire, France. The ocean liner has 18 decks and can hold 6,360 passengers and 2,100 crew members, making it the world’s biggest cruise ship. The vessel is 227,000 tons and — at 217 feet — is also the widest cruise ship ever built. It’s also 1,187 feet long, 164 feet longer than the Eiffel Tower. The ship cost upwards of $1.1 billion, which earns it the title of the most expensive cruise liner ever built.
Park West Gallery auctioneer William Roberts will be aboard the Harmony of the Seas for its maiden voyage.
“There are a handful of pinnacles in a career, and this is one of them,” said Roberts. “Taking out the largest ship ever built is something that I take pride in for myself and my team.”
Photo courtesy of Oliver Tregoning
Harmony adds to a string of impressive new ships from Royal Caribbean. In the past three years, the cruise line unveiled three world-class ships: Quantum of the Seas (October 2014), Anthem of the Seas (April 2015) and the Harmony’s sister ship, Oasis of the Seas (October 2009). The two former ships are part of Royal Caribbean’s Quantum class, categorized as the second largest group of passenger ships in the world. Harmony of the Seas and Oasis of the Seas, however, are part of the line’s Oasis class, which is categorized as the largest group of passenger ships in the world. The only other Oasis-class ship is Allure of the Seas, which set sail in December of 2010.
The name of the ships in color corresponds to the colors on the timeline.
Beginning on June 7, the ship will embark on a series of Mediterranean cruises for 34 weeks.
There are copious amounts of amenities on the new ship. The 210-foot tall behemoth houses 23 swimming pools, a water park, two FlowRider surf simulators and water slides. One water slide is 10 stories high, with a 100-foot drop, and is aptly named the Ultimate Abyss. According to Royal Caribbean, it’s the tallest water slide at sea.
“I was a [water slide] tester, so I got to go on it before we set sail and it was phenomenal,” said Roberts of the Ultimate Abyss slide. “Every drop, turn and straightaway is exhilarating. It’s one of my highest recommendations.”
Come November, after its tour of the Mediterranean, Harmony will set sail from Fort Lauderdale, Florida on voyages to the Caribbean.
Allure of the Seas, Anthem of the Seas, Art Auctions at Sea, cruise art auctions, Harmony of the Seas, Oasis of the Seas, Park West Gallery, Quantum of the Seas, royal caribbean, Royal Caribbean International
Billy Lowrey June 20, 2017
Great to be there on this ship someday
Autumn de Forest inspires people to do great things, young and oldArt & Gallery News, Articles, Artists & Special Collections, Autumn de Forest, Philanthropy
Patrick Guyton’s Hummingbirds, Veils, and BonsaisArt & Gallery News, Artists & Special Collections, Current Promotions, Patrick Guyton
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A Grape and a Pike walked into The Point...
It's no joke, Kevin Kane and Bryan Potvin are bringing their musical collaboration to Whistler
By Cathryn Atkinson
Grapes of Pikes
Kevin Kane and Bryan Potvin are freaking people out a little.
Kane, guitarist and vocalist with The Grapes of Wrath, and Potvin, guitarist and vocalist with The Northern Pikes, come with similar Canadiana rock backgrounds, established in the mid-80s and into the 90s.
And now they have formed a musical duo.
"It's a neat thing. People are always taken aback when they see these guys they remember from MuchMusic, but from different bands playing — him playing Grape songs and me playing Pike songs with him," Kane says from his home in Toronto.
They perform at The Point on Alta Lake on Sunday, Dec. 28.
The Whistler gig came about on the other side of the country, in Lunenberg, N.S., where Potvin now lives.
"We were playing a show at the hotel next door to Bryan's house. He booked out the ballroom in this old heritage hotel and the show was sold out, it was great," Kane recalls.
"It was right before Halloween, so there was a pirate and a dog sitting off to one side. It turned out the dog lived in Whistler and he said, 'this would be great up in Whistler. Would you come up there?' Within two days, he had hooked me up with Stephen (Vogler, of The Point)."
It helps that the Grapes and the Pikes are currently touring together; the two bands will play New Year's Eve together in Vancouver.
"It's what brings Bryan and I together out to the west and we thought why not do a few shows together?" Kane says.
In keeping with the heritage house theme, it interests Kane that The Point is one of the oldest buildings at the resort.
"And we were told that this is where the locals go, it would be a show for locals. And for us that is also exciting," Kane says.
"I think there is also a certain cosmopolitan quality about Whistler. There is so much traffic between the big city and the small town that is Whistler, that it's not like your normal small town."
This collaboration came about after Kane moved to Toronto four years ago, when he worked at a guitar store, building guitars, and Bryan came in one day.
"We said, 'Oh hey! Hi! You live here, huh? I think I did a repair on one of his guitars and then he bought a guitar that I'd built and we realized we lived blocks away from each other and we started hanging out and it went from there. A couple of neighbours hanging out and playing together and starting to do shows."
Musically, they do a mix of their bands' music and solo material.
"In terms of Grape songs, we are doing a couple that the Grapes just don't play. One, 'Waiting to Fly', I don't think Grapes will ever play live because I don't think we could replicate what is on the record. Bryan and I do a different take on it," Potvin says.
"It's off the Grapes' most recent album and we change the key up. If you heard the Grapes version it's moody and my vocals are just a whisper and it's hard to pull off live.
"Bryan and I do a different version. Some of the songs we do, we change the keys and the arrangements. I didn't realize that I was adding things in that aren't actually on the record. And Bryan is doing the same to my songs.
"I like what he's doing and he likes what I'm doing with each other's songs. I guess they've evolved into different renditions to what people might be familiar with but at the same time it all happened naturally."
It's a kind of self-fulfilling prophecy, he adds. The more shows they do the better they become.
"It has been a really fun development for us and people get excited about it," Kane says.
"Audiences seem to really enjoy and we enjoy it to, so now we are planning to record together."
That's sweet.
"Yeah, lets make it a thing in the new year," Kane says.
"We're looking at incorporating some stuff that we do together. Our own songs. We did a bit of jamming on a couple of off days and came up with some ideas. We haven't honed anything yet but we want to at least do something that we can play live as the two of us.
"Every time we play a show we get people asking us if there is a CD with the two of us on it. We have to tell them there isn't one yet. That's what we are working on."
Kane and Potvin will be backed up by Wild Iris, featuring Suzanne Wilson and Katherine Fawcett.
Show-only tickets are $20 (children under 12 are $15), show plus dinner are $32 (children under 12 are $24). They can be purchased online at thepointartists.com or at Armchair Book in the village.
Whistler's Gutmann completes Maui2Molokai Race
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Baby & Kids Bag Tags
Alphabet Turquoise on Ocean Luggage Tag
Receive 30% off this item at checkout. Use Coupon Code B2S719. ENDS 07/31/19.
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NOTE: Our ID Tags are laminated in a heavy plastic pouch, and include a flexible plastic strap for attachment.
CXME1572ID
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James W. Fuller joins QPAGOS Board of Directors
MEXICO CITY, MEXICO -- (Marketwired) -- 05/30/17 -- QPAGOS Corp. (OTCQB: QPAG), a U.S.-based provider of digital payment services for cash-based and unbanked consumers in Mexico, today announced that James W. Fuller, who under the Reagan administration served as member of the Board of Directors of the Securities Investor Protection Corporation (SIPC), has been appointed to the Qpagos board of directors.
Mr. Fuller is a past Chairman of the Board of Pacific Research Institute, a public Think Tank in San Francisco and a member of the Board of The International Institute of Education. He is also a member of the Pacific Council for International Policy and past member of the Committee of Foreign Relations. Additionally, Mr. Fuller was the Senior Vice President of the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) from 1976 to 1981, where he was responsible for corporate development, marketing, corporate listing and regulation oversight, research and public affairs and served for 12 years on the Board of Trustees of the University of California - Santa Cruz.
"Jim brings a wealth of experience to Qpagos and we look forward to his contribution to the governance of our company and helping us extend our market leadership in consumer electronic payments in the region," commented CEO Gaston Pereira. "Our strategic vision is to expand into other markets as we continue to consolidate our Mexico presence."
Added Mr. Fuller, "I have been following Qpagos since I first discussed this opportunity with Gaston Pereira several months ago, and I am very impressed with the progress Qpagos has made in its brief time. I could not be more enthusiastic about collaborating with Gaston and his team in this exciting and growing sector."
U.S.-based QPAGOS delivers state-of-the-art digital payment services to consumers and service providers in Mexico where 60% of the adult population does not have a bank account and where 80% of personal payments are made in cash. It operates a network of self service kiosks and applications that provides more convenient payment alternatives for consumers and more efficient billing for service providers. www.qpagos.com
This press release contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. All statements other than statement of historical fact contained in this press release are forward-looking statements. In some case, forward-looking statements can be identified by terminology such as "anticipate," "believe," "can," "continue," "could," "estimate, "expect," "intend," "may," "plan," "potential," "predict," "project," "should," or "will" or the or the negative of these terms or other comparable terminology and include statements regarding the expected contribution of Mr. Fuller and the growth of the electronic payment sector. These forward-looking statements are based on management's expectations and assumptions as of the date of the press release and are subject to a number of risks and uncertainties, many of which are difficult to predict that could cause actual results to differ materially from current expectations and assumptions from those set forth or implied by any forward-looking statements. Important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from current expectation include, among others, our ability to extend our market leadership in consumer electronic payments in the region, our ability to continue to grow and execute our business plan, our ability to generate revenue streams from user fees, service provider fees, franchisee fees, rental/management fees and advertising fees and the other risks outlined under "Risk Factors" in QPAGOS' Current Report on Form 8-K dated May 13, 2016 and its other filings with the SEC, including subsequent periodic reports on Forms 10-Q and 8-K. The information in this release is provided only as of the date of this release, and we undertake no obligation to update any forward-looking statements contained in this release on account of new information, future events, or otherwise, except as required by law.
For investor inquiries please call (888) 238-1466 (+1-881-238-1466 for international callers) or email investors@qpagos.com
For business inquiries please call (844) 470-5531 or email info@qpagos.com
(888) 238-1466 (+1-881-238-1466 for international callers)
or email investors@qpagos.com
or email info@qpagos.com
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Coming up Roses: Carnival Poised for HUGE 2019
You already know Carnival Cruise Line as one of the most popular names in vacationing, but did you know that Carnival is set to make 2019 a banner year across many of the cruising brand’s they own and operate? With four new ships coming in the new year, Carnival has decided to make the debut of the first ship, Carnival Panorama, extra special with a floral replica float in the annual Rose Parade on New Year’s Day.
Rose Parade is Just the Start
The float in the Rose Parade is just the beginning of a year-long celebration of Carnival’s first new ship based in California in 20 years, scheduled to begin sailing from its homeport of Long Beach in December 2019. The float will include many of the signature features of the cruise line’s ships – including the red and blue funnel, a water park and Lido Deck party – as well as the line’s newest feature, the first-ever trampoline park at sea, in partnership with industry leader Sky Zone.
Roger Frizzell, chief communications officer for Carnival Corporation, was excited about taking the launch of the newest ship to a new level.
“Each launch of a new ship generates lots of interest and excitement among consumers, whether they are among our many loyal guests or they are new to cruising,” he said. “Our four new ships in 2019 will be no exception as our brands will introduce spectacular new vessels that have been designed with one purpose in mind: to dazzle our guests as they enjoy an extraordinary vacation experience.”
RELATED: Create Your Own Whisky Blend Aboard Carnival
The 130th Rose Parade in Pasadena, California, is expected to reach a television audience of more than 80 million parade and flower enthusiasts around the world. With tens of thousands of flower petals painstakingly arranged by hand, the float’s unique features will include flowers from more than 100 countries to represent the number of nations that the brand’s employees hail from, as well as fitness enthusiasts jumping into the fun on a Sky Zone trampoline taking center stage on the 55-foot-long float.
Carnival Cruise Line Rose Parade Float Rendering | Carnival Cruise Line
Carnival Panorama is scheduled to debut on December 11, 2019, with a special three-day inaugural cruise from the Long Beach Cruise Terminal, which is housed in a massive 146,000-square-foot geodesic dome that once served as home to Howard Hughes’ Spruce Goose airplane.
#California#Carnival Cruise Line#cruise#Long Beach#Rose Parade#Roses#Travel#vacation
Ship Shape on Norwegian Bliss
For a Healthier Trip, Avoid This Common Mistake
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Romans 5:12-13 Commentary
Romans 5 Resources
Romans 5:12 Therefore *, just as through one man sin entered into the world, and death through sin, and so death spread to all men, because * all sinned -- (NASB: Lockman)
Greek: Dia touto hosper di' enos anthropou e hamartia eis ton kosmon eiselthen (3SAAI) kai dia tes hamartias o thanatos, kai houtos eis pantas anthropous o thanatos dielthen, (3SAAI) eph o pantes hemarton (3PAAI)
Amplified: Therefore, as sin came into the world through one man, and death as the result of sin, so death spread to all men, [no one being able to stop it or to escape its power] because all men sinned. (Amplified Bible - Lockman)
NLT: When Adam sinned, sin entered the entire human race. Adam’s sin brought death, so death spread to everyone, for everyone sinned. (NLT - Tyndale House)
Phillips: This, then, is what happened. Sin made its entry into the world through one man, and through sin, death. The entail of sin and death passed on to the whole human race, and no one could break it for no one was himself free from sin. (Phillips: Touchstone)
Wuest: Wherefore, as through the intermediate agency of one man the aforementioned sin entered the world, and through this sin, death; and thus into and throughout all mankind death entered, because all sinned. (Eerdmans)
Young's Literal: because of this, even as through one man the sin did enter into the world, and through the sin the death; and thus to all men the death did pass through, for that all did sin;
ROMANS ROAD
to RIGHTEOUSNESS
Romans 1:18-3:20 Romans 3:21-5:21 Romans 6:1-8:39 Romans 9:1-11:36 Romans 12:1-16:27
SIN SALVATION SANCTIFICATION SOVEREIGNTY SERVICE
SALVATION WAY
SALVATION LIFE
SALVATION SCOPE
SALVATION SERVICE
God's Holiness
Sin God's Grace
Justifying
Sinners God's Power
Sanctifying
Believers God's Sovereignty
Jew and Gentile Gods Glory
Object of
Deadliness
of Sin Design
of Grace Demonstration of Salvation
Power Given Promises Fulfilled Paths Pursued
Needed Righteousness
Credited Righteousness
Demonstrated Righteousness
Restored to Israel Righteousness
God's Righteousness
IN LAW God's Righteousness
IMPUTED God's Righteousness
OBEYED God's Righteousness
IN ELECTION God's Righteousness
DISPLAYED
Slaves to Sin Slaves to God Slaves Serving God
Doctrine Duty
Life by Faith Service by Faith
Modified from Irving L. Jensen's excellent work "Jensen's Survey of the NT"
THEREFORE: Dia touto:
A SUGGESTION ON STUDYING ROMANS 5:12-21: Dear reader, without a doubt, Romans 5:12-21 is one of the most difficult sections of Scripture in Romans and in the entire New Testament for that matter. And yet it is one of the most important sections, for the truths expounded in these verses are the very foundation stones of the Gospel. It therefore behooves every saint to earnestly consider prayerfully digging into this meaty section in order to more fully understand the rich treasure we have in the Gospel of Jesus Christ. After studying the text yourself under the teaching ministry of the Holy Spirit, you are encouraged to look at the notes on these verses. I would also encourage you to download the excellent messages by Dr John Piper using the links provided below. I usually download them to a folder I have created on my Desktop ("Audio") and them drag them over to my Ipod Playlist and listen to them on my daily 20 mile bike ride. To easily download the following Mp3's simply right click your mouse over the link, select "Save Target As" and then pick your destination (Desktop folder, Ipod, etc). Then sit back and listen to Piper's Puritan like passionate plea which is truly "logic on fire"!
You could just read the manuscripts at Desiringgod.org but be aware that (1) the manuscripts are not verbatim and (2) if you only read the text, you would miss some of Piper's passion cry in preaching which stirs one's soul to desire more of God's glory!
Romans 5:12-21 Adam, Christ, and Justification, Part 1
Romans 5:20-21 The Triumph of Grace through Righteousness
If you only have time for one message I would recommend Part 5 which summarizes Romans 5:12-21 and deals with the often sticky issue of "original sin".
C H Spurgeon has a sermon in which he gives an excellent summary of the doctrine of Christ and Adam as representative heads. Click here to read Spurgeon's comments on this important doctrine.
S Lewis Johnson writes that…
The master-thought of the section that begins with verse twelve of Romans chapter five and concludes with verse 21 is the unity of the many in the one. Adam and his posterity are affected by his sin, while the Last Adam and His people are affected by his righteous act, that is, the victorious redeeming work of the cross.
Morris cautiously introduces Romans 5:12-21 writing that…
Just as Adam was the head of a race of sinners, so Christ is the head of a new race, the redeemed people of God. The argument is very condensed, and in all translations and comments we must allow for the possibility that Paul’s meaning may at some point be other than we think. But we must not exaggerate this. The main lines of the argument are clear. It is an important section, and indeed Nygren calls it “the point where all the lines of (Paul’s) thinking converge, both those of the preceding chapters and those of the chapters that follow.” The construction of the whole is not straightforward. Paul begins to compare Adam and Christ in Romans 5:12, but breaks off his sentence at the end of that verse to explain the pattern of sin and death (Romans 5:13; 14). He makes it clear that there are profound dissimilarities between Christ and Adam (Romans 5:15; 16; 17), and in Romans 5:18 he returns to complete succinctly the thought of the unfinished sentence of Romans 5:12. To this he adds an explanation (Romans 5:19) and a little section on the law (Romans 5:20; 21). There is an objectivity to this section that we should not miss. In Romans 5:1–11 and again in 6:1–9 the pronoun we is constant, but in Romans 5:12–21 there is not one we. Paul is concentrating on objective facts, irrespective of our participation. (Morris, L. The Epistle to the Romans. W. B. Eerdmans; Inter-Varsity Press)
As background remember that there are 3 great imputations in the Bible. To impute something means to place it on another's account so to speak.
(1) Imputation of Adam's sin to his posterity's account or the spiritual account of the entire human race.
(2) Imputation of the sin of the elect to Jesus Christ, Who bore sin's penalty on the Cross (cf 2Cor 5:21)
(3) Imputation of the righteousness of God to the elect (Ro 3:24, 25, 26, Ro 4:1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7,8)
Romans 5:12 deals with the first imputation, the placing of Adam's sin upon the account of the human race, a doctrine which is fundamental to all theology. In short, in this section Paul teaches that man does evil, because he is evil, and the root cause of the sin problem is what happened millennia ago in the beautiful garden planted by God.
Wiersbe introduces this important, often times poorly understood section, Romans 5:12-21, by asking…
How is it possible for God to save sinners in the person of Jesus Christ? We understand that somehow Christ took our place on the cross, but how was such a substitution possible? Paul answered the question in this section, and these verses are the very heart of the letter.
To understand these verses a few general truths about this section need to be understood. First, note the repetition of the little word one. It is used eleven times. The key idea here is our identification with Adam and with Christ. Second, note the repetition of the word reign which is used five times. Paul saw two men—Adam and Christ—each of them reigning over a kingdom. Finally, note that the phrase much more is repeated five times. This means that in Jesus Christ we have gained much more than we ever lost in Adam!
In short, this section is a contrast of Adam and Christ. Adam was given dominion over the old creation, he sinned, and he lost his kingdom. Because of Adam’s sin, all mankind is under condemnation and death. Christ came as the King over a new creation (2Cor 5:17-see commentary). By His obedience on the cross, He brought in righteousness and justification. Christ not only undid all the damage that Adam’s sin effected, but He accomplished “much more” by making us the very sons of God. Some of this “much more” Paul has already explained in Romans 5:1-11. (Wiersbe, W: Bible Exposition Commentary)
Harry Ironside has an interesting comment on the practical import of this doctrinally deep and controversial section, Romans 5:12-21, writing that…
The awakened sinner is concerned about one thing: how to be delivered from the judgment his sins have righteously deserved. This aspect of salvation has all been gone into and settled in the first part of Romans 5. It is never raised again. As we go on into this next part of the Epistle the question of guilt does not come up.
The moment a sinner believes the gospel, his responsibility as a child of Adam under the judgment of God is over forever. But at that very moment his responsibility as a child of God begins. He has a new nature that craves what is divine. But he soon discovers that his carnal nature has not been removed nor improved by his conversion to God, and from this fact arises many trying experiences. It often comes as a great shock when he realizes that he has still a nature capable of every kind of vileness. He is rightly horrified, and may be tempted to question the reality of his regeneration (See also The Nature of Regeneration - My Utmost For His Highest) and his justification before God. How can a holy God go on with one who has such a nature as this? If he tries to fight sin in the flesh he is probably defeated, and learns by bitter experience what Philip Melanchthon, Luther's friend, put so tersely,
"Old Adam is too strong for young Philip."
Happy is the young convert if at this crisis he comes under sound scriptural instruction instead of falling into the hands of spiritual charlatans who will set him to seeking the elimination of the fleshly nature and the death of the carnal mind. If he follows their advice he will be led into a quagmire of uncertainty and dazzled by the delusive will-o'-the-wisp of possible perfection in the flesh. He will perhaps flounder for years in the bog of fanaticism and self-torture before reaching the rest that remains for the people of God.
I have tried to tell of my own early experiences along this line in a little volume entitled, Holiness, the False and the True, (Ed note: This short pamphlet is available at no charge on the internet - Holiness) which I am thankful to know has been blessed to the deliverance of many thousands of souls. It was the truth we are now to consider that saved me at last from the wretchedness and disappointments of those early years.
First we have to consider the two great families and the two federal heads of chapter Romans 5:12-21. The moment a man is justified by faith he is also born of God. His justification is, as we have seen, his official clearance before the throne of God. His regeneration involves his introduction into a new family. He becomes a part of the new creation of which the risen Christ is the Head.
Adam the first was federal head of the old race. Christ risen, the Second Man and the last Adam, is Head of the new race. The old creation fell in Adam, and all his descendants were involved in his ruin. The new creation stands eternally secure in Christ, and all who have received life from Him are sharers in the blessings procured by His cross and secured by His life at God's right hand.
Joyful now the new creation
Rests in undisturbed repose,
Blest in Jesus' full salvation,
Sorrow now nor thraldom knows.
The proper comprehension of the eternal standing in Christ settles the question of the believer's security. It also provides a scriptural basis for the doctrine of deliverance from the power of sin. (Romans Study Notes)
The following is a tabular summary of Romans 5:12-21…
GOD'S PLAN:
The Reign of Grace
Through Christ
Ro 5:14-note
The Type of One to Come
The One Who Came
One Transgression
Ro 5:15-note,
Ro 5:18, 19-note
One Righteous Act
Condemnation, Guilt, Death
Ro 5:15-note; Ro 5:16-note;
Justification, Life, Kingship
Ro 5:17-note;
TWO DIFFERENCES
IN DEGREE
Many died
Abounding Grace of God and the Gift by grace
IN KIND
One sin in Adam - condemnation and reign of death
Many sins on Christ-justification and "reigning in life" for those accepting God's grace
Reigning thru Death
Reigning thru Righteousness
TWO ABUNDANCES
"Abundant"
Grace and
Gift of Righteousness
STATES CONTRASTED
Condemned Men
Slaves of Death
By Adam
Justified Men
Reigning in Life
By Christ
Head of a
Race of Sinners
New Redeemed Race
Modified from William Newell Romans Verse by Verse
Comparing Adam and Christ verse by verse…
COMPARISON & CONTRASTS
ADAM AND CHRIST
ONE MAN
ADAM ONE MAN
ACTION RESULT ACTION RESULT
Ro 5:15-note Many Died Grace & Gift of God Grace Abounds
Ro 5:16-note Judgment
Condemnation Free Gift Justification
of the one
Ro 5:17-note Death
Reigned Abundant Grace
thru One Righteousness
Will Reign in life
Ro 5:18-note Condemnation
To All One Act of Righteousness Justification offered to All
Ro 5:19-note Many
Made Sinners Obedience Many
Made Righteous
Law Came
Ro 5:20-note Sin Increased Sin Increased Grace Abounded
Sin Reigned
Ro 5:21-note Death Grace Reigns Eternal Life
Therefore - Clearly Paul is linking Romans 5:11-21 with the preceding section. Notice that in the KJV at the end of Ro 5:12KJV there is a parenthesis sign encompassing Ro 5:13-17. What the KJV is trying to help the reader discern is that the comparison that Paul begins in this verse (as indicated by the word "as"), is not concluded unto Romans 5:18-19, where the ideas are picked up again and fully stated. Thus, Romans 5:13-14 are parenthetical, explaining the statement of verse twelve, namely, that all sinned.
Denny explains that therefore (dia touto)…
refers to that whole conception of Christ's relation to the human race which is expounded in Romans 3:21-5:11. But as this is summed up in Romans 5:1-11, and even in the last words of Romans 5:11 (through Him we received the reconciliation) the grammatical reference may be to these words only. (Nicoll, W Robertson, Editor: Expositors Greek Testament: 5 Volumes. Out of print. Search Google)
Newell introduces this section writing that…
The two men, Adam and Christ, with their distinct federal or representative consequences, are before us. It is no longer what we have done (our sins), but the one trespass of Adam that is in view. And it is the work of Christ, also, looked at as an "Adam" (second Man or last Adam - cp 1Cor 15:22, 45, 47) and His "righteous act" of death with its effect of justification for us. So now (Romans 5:12-21) we look back to the act that set us down as sinners, instead of to our own deeds and to the act that sets us down righteous, apart from our own works…
(He goes on to explain the therefore writing that) This whole plan of salvation, by Christ's work, not ours, which we have been considering in Romans 3-5, gives rise to the therefore which introduces this verse: Therefore this plan of salvation of all by a single Redeemer, is on the same principle as when through the other one man sin entered the world; and, with it, its wages, death. Paul proceeds to emphasize that it was in that way; i.e., by one man, that death passed to all men, because when Adam sinned, all sinned. It was a federal representative act. (Romans 5)
A key word in Romans 5:12-21 is one which occurs 13 times in the NASB (Multiple times in some verses - See notes Romans 5:12, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19). One evil deed of this one man, is very important and underlies the whole discussion.
Just as the nature of sin entered into the human race through one man, the Holy Spirit entered into the human race through another Man (Ro 5:12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19 ). And redemption means that I can be delivered from the heredity of sin, and that through Jesus Christ I can receive a pure and spotless heredity, namely, the Holy Spirit. (See also The Nature of Regeneration - My Utmost For His Highest)
Constable makes the following related observation…
Paul did not call Adam and Christ by name when he first spoke of them but referred to each as one man. He thereby stressed the unity of the federal head with those under his authority who are also “men” (i.e., people). (Expository Notes)
Leon Morris adds that…
repeatedly Paul refers to one man Adam (and to one sin of that one man), and opposes to him (and to it) the one man Jesus Christ (and his one work of grace). The one man and his sin and the one Savior and his salvation are critical to the discussion. (Morris, L. The Epistle to the Romans. W. B. Eerdmans; Inter-Varsity Press)
The KJV Bible Commentary makes the point that…
Since these verses are so doctrinal in nature, it will be helpful to keep in mind three very important truths established in Romans 5:12-21. They are: (1) one offense, by one man, made all the world guilty of sin; (2) the resultant guilt of Adam’s original sin is imputed to each of us; and (3) Adam acted as our official representative when he cast his vote against God. (Dobson, E G, Charles Feinberg, E Hindson, Woodrow Kroll, H L. Wilmington: KJV Bible Commentary: Nelson)
Criswell explains that…
These verses contrast and compare life in Adam with life in Christ. These men are alike in that each is the head of a race, and thus his actions have far-reaching effects. They differ in that through one death came to all men (Ro 5:12), but through the other life came as a free gift for those who would accept that gift (Ro 5:17, 19-see notes Ro 5:17; 18). The passage affirms that in some way Adam's sin has negatively affected the entire human race. Man inherits a sinful nature and sinful state via his identification with Adam as the head of the race. Paul does not explain exactly how all sinned in Adam, but he clearly affirms the fact of it. All humanity is spiritually related to one of these two men. Either we are (1) in Adam by birth and therefore under condemnation, or (2) in Christ by faith and therefore justified and forgiven. We are in Adam naturally by birth. We are in Christ supernaturally by the New Birth. There is no hint of universalism in this text. (Believer's Study Bible)
As Wayne Barber says…
if you don’t understand Romans 5, especially verses 12 through 21, a lot of confusion can come. We’re going to talk about the reason why every man desperately needs to be justified by faith, by putting his faith into the Lord Jesus Christ. Have you ever had somebody look at you with a puzzled look when you said to him that every person apart from Jesus Christ is a sinner? They say to you, "I’ve always tried to be a good person. I’ve joined the church. I’ve given money to the church. I do things for underprivileged kids. I give to the poor. What do you mean I’m a sinner?"
I want you to see from God’s word why it is that all men who have not placed their faith into Jesus Christ are sinners: they are IN Adam as opposed to being IN Christ. Verses 12 through 21, especially verses 14 and down, are going to give you a contrast of what it means to be IN Adam and what it means to be IN Christ… When you put your faith into Christ, you are taken out of Adam and you are placed into the body of Jesus Christ. Paul says in Colossians you are taken out from under the power of darkness and you are placed into the kingdom of His dear Son (God "delivered us from the domain of darkness, and transferred us to the kingdom of His beloved Son" Col 1:13-note)… The problem does not come from what you are doing on the outside. The problem is on the inside. You’ve got to be changed from within. A man does what he does because he is what he is. He is also going to show us man is desperate to be justified before God.
When did sin begin? It started with Adam. How do you know he is talking about Adam? Look at Ro 5:14:
Nevertheless death reigned from Adam until Moses, even over those who had not sinned in the likeness of the offense of Adam, who is a type of Him who was to come
If you’ll follow the context through Ro 5:21, he’s comparing Adam and what he did and how it affected the human race with Jesus and what He did and how that affected the human race. Liberals look at this text and tell us that Genesis 1-11 is myth and that Adam and Eve were a race of people, not a man and a woman. If you believe that, take Romans 5 and throw the rest of your Bible away! ONE man sinned, and because he sinned, sin entered the world. That man’s name was Adam. It all started right there…
Let’s go back and at least read the warning that God gave to Adam and Eve in the garden. In Genesis 2:16 He is speaking to Adam.
"And the Lord God commanded the man, saying, ‘From any tree of the garden you may eat freely.’".
..Adam had the entire garden, all the trees to eat from. But God said, "There’s one tree you cannot eat from." Ge 2:17:
"but from the tree of the knowledge of good and evil you shall not eat, for in the day you eat from it you shall surely die."
We are going to see in Romans that that death was not just physical death. Physical death is the obvious evidence to people that there has been a spiritual death. There’s been an estrangement between God and man. Death means separation. The moment that Adam chose to sin against God and eat from that tree, he was immediately estranged from God. There was a death. Even though he might not have understood all of that, he began physically to die, and death began to reign on this earth. (Romans 5:12-14) (Bolding added)
We have seen, in Romans 1-3, the fact of universal human guilt, that all thus are "falling short of God’s glory"; and we have seen Christ set forth by God as a "propitiation through faith in His blood." We also found that believers were declared righteous; and seen connected with a Risen Christ, in Romans 4. Then we saw, in the first part of Romans 5, the blessed results of this "justification by faith."
Romans 5:12-21 is vital material to prepare one for the great truths in Romans 6-8. In these passages we see the contrast between the UNION with Christ for believers versus their former UNION with Adam. Paul compares and contrasts Adam, the first man Adam, the father of humanity, with Jesus Christ, the "second Adam" (cp 1Cor 15:47) and father of the new humanity. The two men, Adam and Christ, with their distinct representative consequences are presented in these ten verses at the end of Romans 5. It is no longer what we have done—our sins, but the one trespass of Adam that is in view. Paul contrasts the work of Adam with the work of Christ in His "righteous act" of death with its effect of justification.
Ryrie introduces Romans 5:12-21 remarking that…
In the closely worded argument of this section Paul contrasts death in Adam with life in Christ. Just as Adam's sin brought certain results, so did the death of Christ. Yet this does not mean automatic salvation, for men must receive the grace God offers (Ro 5:17-note). After Adam sinned, he and his descendants could only beget sinners, so all men are under the sentence of death, the penalty of sin. all sinned. True because of the solidarity of the race just explained (He 5:9-note, He 7:10-note for the principle of imputation). (The Ryrie Study Bible)
The International Standard Bible Encyclopedia has an insightful note on Romans 5:12-21 writing that…
The passage is the logical center of the epistle, the central point to which everything that precedes has converged, and out of which everything which follows will flow. The great ideas of Sin, Death, and Judgment are here shown to be involved in the connection of the human race with Adam. But over against this there is the blessed fact of union with Christ, and in this union righteousness and life. The double headship of mankind in Adam and Christ shows the significance of the work of redemption for the entire race. Mankind is ranged under two heads, Adam and Christ. There are two men, two acts and two results. In this teaching we have the spiritual and theological illustration of the great modern principle of solidarity. There is a solidarity of evil and a solidarity of good, but the latter far surpasses the former in the quality of the obedience of Christ as compared with Adam, and the facts of the work of Christ for justification and life.
The section is thus no mere episode, or illustration, but that which gives organic life to the entire epistle. Although sin and death are ours in Adam righteousness and life are ours in Christ, and these latter two are infinitely the greater (Ro 5:11-note); whatever we have lost in Adam we have more than gained in Christ. As all the evils of the race sprang from one man, so all the blessings of redemption come from One Person, and there is such a connection between the Person and the race that all men can possess what the One has done. (Bolding added)
JUST AS THROUGH ONE MAN: Dia touto hosper di enos (heis) anthropou:
Ro 5:19; Ge 3:6
Just as (5618) (hosper) is a conjunction which introduces a comparison. The main point in Romans 5:12-21 is the comparison between Adam and Christ, explaining how Adam on one hand was the means of bringing in sin and death, while Christ on the other hand was the One who brought in justification and life.
Hodge writes that just as "obviously indicates a comparison or parallel. There is, however, no corresponding clause beginning with “so” to complete the sentence. Examples of similar incomplete comparisons may be found in Matthew 25:14 with “like” and in 1Timothy 1:3 with “as.” It is, however, so obvious that the illustration begun in this verse is resumed and fully stated in Ro 5:18,19 that the vast majority of commentators agree we must seek in those verses the clause which answers to this verse. (Commentary on Romans)
Wuest paraphrases - Wherefore, as through the intermediate agency of one man the aforementioned sin entered the world, and through this sin, death; and thus into and throughout all mankind death entered, because all sinned. (Eerdmans)
One man - Although not name in this verse, this is clearly Adam. As Barber discusses above, in Genesis 2:16,17, God gave one command to eat from every tree in the Garden except the Tree of Knowledge, for if he ate of this tree he would surely die.
Carroll writes that…
The one offense committed by the first Adam was his violation of that test, or prohibition, "But of the tree of the knowledge of good and evil, thou shalt not eat of it; for in the day that thou eatest thereof thou shalt surely die" (Genesis 2:17). Adam was told that he was not to eat of the tree of death, nor was he to experimentally know the difference between good and evil. In other words, he was an anti-prohibitionist. The law commenced with an absolute prohibition, and it did not avail Adam a thing to plead personal liberty. Race responsibility rested on Adam alone. It could not possibly have rested on Eve, because she was a descendant of Adam, just as much as we are. GOD created just one man, and in that man was the whole human race, including Eve. Later he took a part of the man and made a woman, and the meaning of the word "woman" is "derived from man." When Adam saw her, he said, "Isshah," woman, which literally means derived from man. As she got both her soul and body from the man, being his descendant, it was impossible that the race responsibility should rest on her.
If Eve alone had sinned, the race would not have perished. She would have perished, but not the race. The race was in Adam. GOD could have derived another woman from him like that one. He had the potentiality in him of all women as well as all men. Some error has arisen from holding Eve responsible, such as the error of pointing the finger at the woman and saying, "You did it!" The text says, "By one man's offense" and not by one offense of one woman. That Eve sinned there is no doubt; she was in the transgression. To the contrary, history shows that GOD connects salvation with the woman, and not damnation. He said that the Seed of the woman shall bruise the serpent's head. There we have the promise of grace. And he could not have said the seed of the man, for, if one be the seed of a man, he inherits the man's fallen nature. (Romans: Studies in Romans)
Man (444) (anthropos) is a generic name for human beings in general. Anthropos is distinguished from aner, which refers to the male sex. Anthropos on the other hand signifies a member of the human race, without reference either to sex or nationality.
Henry Morris however adds this qualifying remark noting that…
There is no warrant in the New Testament for the heretical notion that "Adam" is simply a generic term representing the human race. He was "one man," in fact "the first man" (1Corinthians 15:45)… Adam was a real person, directly created and made by God, and so was Eve. The entire argument of Romans 5:12-21 becomes irrelevant if the Genesis record of the creation and fall of Adam did not happen just as recorded in Genesis 1-3, and this would mean there is no reality in the saving work of Christ either. Destroying or distorting the Genesis record undermines and eventually destroys the gospel of salvation. Such a devastating undermining of the Christian faith is surely not warranted by the fragmentary and self-contradictory fossil evidences that have been alleged to support the notion of human evolution. (Defenders Study Bible)
Bruce writes that…
To Paul, Adam was more than a historical individual, the first man; he was also what his name means in Hebrew - ‘humanity.’ The whole of humanity is viewed as having existed at first in Adam.
The following discussion is somewhat redundant and repetitive in order to lay the groundwork for studying Romans 5:12-21, which can be a bit confusing. Hopefully, the following will help clarify Paul's arguments in the next 10 verses.
Morris comments that…
There is no warrant in the New Testament for the heretical notion that "Adam" is simply a generic term representing the human race. He was "one man," in fact "the first man" (1Cor 15:45). There were no pre-Adamite men, as some have alleged, and certainly no population of evolving hominids becoming Adam. In fact, Christ Himself made it clear that Adam and Eve were
"from the beginning of the creation God MADE THEM MALE AND FEMALE" (Mark 10:6 quoting Genesis 1:27)
Adam was a real person, directly created and made by God, and so was Eve. The entire argument of Romans 5:12-21 becomes irrelevant if the Genesis record of the creation and fall of Adam did not happen just as recorded in Genesis 1-3, and this would mean there is no reality in the saving work of Christ either. Destroying or distorting the Genesis record undermines and eventually destroys the gospel of salvation. Such a devastating undermining of the Christian faith is surely not warranted by the fragmentary and self-contradictory fossil evidences that have been alleged to support the notion of human evolution. (Defenders Study Bible)
Genesis is not a myth or a fairy tale. It is the truth and it all began here…
When the woman saw that the tree was good for food, and that it was a delight to the eyes, and that the tree was desirable to make one wise, she took from its fruit and ate; and she gave also to her husband with her, and he ate. (Ge 3:6)
Note that Genesis 3 make it abundantly clear that this one man, Adam, brought sin to the human race by disobedience. It was not the sins of Adam’s lifetime, but the one "original sin" which allowed death, sin’s close ally, to enter the world with it. On no less than five occasions in Romans 5:15-19 the principle of one sin by one man is asserted. One act of disobedience to God was sufficient to allow sin to enter and permeate the entire realm of humanity.
This truth shuts the mouth of liberals who would deny the literal truth of Genesis, saying Adam was just a generic term for the human race. God says specifically one man thus corroborating the truth of Genesis. The entire argument of Romans 5:12-21 becomes irrelevant if the Genesis record of the creation and fall of Adam did not happen as recorded.
The following note is on the term federal for it is often found in commentaries describing Adam as our "federal head", or legal representative of the rest of mankind that originated from him. The federal headship view considers Adam, the first man, as the representative of the human race that generated from him. Thus in the federal headship model…
As the representative of all humans, Adam’s act of sin was considered by God to be the act of all people and his penalty of death was judicially made the penalty of everybody.
Bible Knowledge Commentary goes on to distinguish a second way of explaining the participation of all mankind in the sin of Adam…
The natural headship view, on the other hand, recognizes that the entire human race was seminally and physically in Adam, the first man. As a result God considered all people as participating in the act of sin which Adam committed and as receiving the penalty he received. Even adherents of the federal headship view must admit that Adam is the natural head of the human race physically; the issue is the relationship spiritually. Biblical evidence supports the natural headship of Adam. When presenting the superiority of Melchizedek’s priesthood to Aaron’s, the author of Hebrews argued that Levi, the head of the priestly tribe, “who collects the 10th, paid the 10th through Abraham, because when Melchizedek met Abraham, Levi was still in the body of his ancestor” (Heb. 7:9, 8, 9, 10).
The esteemed Dallas Theological Seminary professor S Lewis Johnson favors the "immediate federal imputation view" which says that…
Adam is the federal head of the race. Men are regarded as having stood their probation in him as their representative. His act was, therefore, deemed to be their act. He, the covenantal head of the race, fell, and in him the race fell. The fact that he was the head of the race is indicated by the fact the threats that were given him by God on the condition of his failure of the probation have been carried out on Adam and his posterity. All men, and not simply Adam, die.
And so Paul begins the analogy of Christ with Adam, the common principle being that, in each case, a far-reaching effect on countless others was generated through one man. Adam was given but one (as far as we know) prohibition by God, and the consequence for disobedience of that prohibition was severe
Then the LORD God took the man and put him into the garden of Eden to cultivate it and keep it. And the LORD God commanded the man, saying, "From any tree of the garden you may eat freely; but from the tree of the knowledge of good and evil you shall not eat, for in the day that you eat from it you shall surely die." (Genesis 2:15-17)
And so when Adam disobeyed God (Ro 5:12,19) sin entered into his life and generated a constitutional change in his human nature so that our basic human nature in Adam is that we are made sinners or constituted as sinners (see note Romans 5:19), indicating that we possess the innate propensity to sin which was transmitted from Adam to all men.
Paul’s argument begins with the assertion that, through Adam, sin entered into the world. He does not speak of sins, plural, but of sin, singular. In this sense, as discussed below (see note), sin does not represent a particular unrighteous act (as when I commit a "sin") but rather the inherent propensity to unrighteousness in thought, word and deed. It was not the many sinful acts that Adam subsequently committed, but the indwelling sin nature that he passed on to his posterity. Just as Adam bequeathed his physical nature to his posterity, he also bequeathed to them his spiritual nature, and that nature was characterized and dominated by sin.
Mankind is a single entity, constituting a divinely ordered solidarity. Adam represents the entire human race that is descended from him, no matter how many subgroups there may be. Therefore when Adam sinned, all mankind sinned, and because his first sin transformed his inner nature, and that same depraved nature was also transmitted to his posterity. Ancient Jews understood well the idea of corporate identity. It was on that basis that God frequently punished or blessed an entire tribe, city, or nation because of what a few, or even just one, of its members did. (eg see effect of Achan's sin Joshua 7:1-26). This background should help you understand such passages as “In Adam all die" (1Cor 15:22).
The fact that Adam and Eve not only were actual historical figures but were the original human beings from whom all others have descended is absolutely critical to Paul’s argument here and is critical to the efficacy of the gospel of Jesus Christ. Can you see why this Old Testament truth is so critical? If a historical Adam did not represent all mankind in sinfulness, a historical Christ could not represent all mankind in righteousness. If all men did not fall with the first Adam, all men could not be saved by Christ, the second and last Adam (1Cor 15:20, 21, 22, 45).
When Adam sinned, all mankind sinned in his loins (Ro 5:18-note). Adam's sin transformed his inner nature and brought spiritual death and depravity, and that sinful nature was passed on seminally to his posterity. This same principle of one who is yet unborn is in a sense in the loins of his predecessor is alluded to by the writer of Hebrews in his discussion of Abraham and Levi (the priesthood)…
And, so to speak, through Abraham even Levi, who received tithes, paid tithes, for he was still in the loins of his father when Melchizedek met him. (see notes Hebrews 7:9; 10)
Stated another way even though Levi was not yet born, Abraham was his physical ancestor and thus Levi is considered as to be in the loins of Abraham. In light of that concept, what one can say is that Levi (and his descendants) who collected the tithe from the people in Israel, in a manner of speaking they themselves (Levi and descendents) paid a tithe to Melchizedek through their physical ancestor Abraham. When Abraham paid the tithe, it was as if Levi (and his descendents) paid the tithe. This same principle is utilized by Paul in his discussion of Adam, the physical ancestor of every human being ever born.
Expositor's Bible Commentary adds…
That we could have sinned in Adam may seem strange and unnatural to the mind of Western man. Nevertheless, it is congenial to biblical teaching on the solidarity of mankind. When Adam sinned, the race sinned because the race was in him. To put it boldly, Adam was the race. What he did, his descendants, who were still in him, did also…
If one is still troubled by the seeming injustice of being born with a sinful nature because of what the father of the race did and being held accountable for the sins that result from that disability, he should weigh carefully the significance of reconciliation as stated by Paul: "… that God was reconciling the world to himself in Christ, not counting men's sins against them " (2Cor 5:19). The sins committed, that owe their original impetus to the sin of the first man, are not reckoned against those who have committed them provided they put their trust in Christ crucified and risen. God takes their sins and gives them his righteousness. Would we not agree that this is more than a fair exchange? (Gaebelein, F, Editor: Expositor's Bible Commentary 6-Volume New Testament. Zondervan Publishing)
So then here in one of the most enigmatic passages in the entire book, Paul sets out to show how one Man’s death can provide salvation for many. To prove his point, he uses Adam to establish the principle that it is possible for one man’s actions to inexorably affect many other people.
Beet makes an observation (that John Piper has also made) that (Romans 5:12) is incomplete for it
states only one side of an important comparison. For, although grammatically the clause also in this way etc. might be taken as introducing the second member of the comparison (Ed note: that is the "second Adam", Christ), this would yield no adequate contrast. Evidently the comparison is broken off in order to prove the former (Adamic) side of it. The second side (Christ) is informally introduced in (Romans 5:15-note) and the whole comparison is formally stated in (Ro 5:18; 5:19-note).
Paul’s Jewish readers might have been tempted to argue that this did not apply to them because of their unique descent from "Abraham the righteous" (more accurately, "Abraham the sinner declared righteous" -- God imputed righteousness to Abraham's "account" in Genesis 15:6 on the basis of grace through faith - Abraham believed God's promise and ultimately the promised Seed, the Messiah). Paul counters any such Jewish logic, by taking them back to the beginning of all mankind in Genesis 3, thus emphasizing their common descent with the Gentiles from the line of "Adam the sinner". It is interesting to observe that Paul's argument would have greater force to his Jewish readers than Genesis alone might imply, because Jewish traditions had made Adam much more prominent than he had been in the Old Testament (he is hardly mentioned outside Genesis). Jewish people in this period sometimes spoke of Adam in hyperbolic terms as if he filled the whole earth (!) or more often they spoke of his original glory, which was lost in the Fall in Genesis 3. And so the Jews generally believed that Adam's sin introduced sin (and consequently death) into the world, and that all Adam's descendants shared in his guilt. In addition, Jewish interpreters generally believed that Adam’s original glory would be restored to the "righteous" ones in the world to come.
William Newell makes an interesting comment…
We were so connected with the first Adam that we did not have to wait to be born, or to have a sinful nature; but when Adam, our representative, acted, we acted… The great truth of Romans 5.12-21 is that a representative acted, involving those connected with him (Romans 5)
(the) SIN ENTERED THE WORLD AND DEATH THROUGH SIN AND SO DEATH SPREAD TO ALL MEN: he (definite article) hamartia (sin) eis ton kosmon eiselthen (3SAAI) kai dia tes hamartias ho thanatos:
Ro 6:23; Ge 2:17; 3:19, 22, 23, 24; Ezek 18:4; 1Cor 15:21; Jas 1:15; Rev 20:14,15
This passage is often referred to when one seeks to explain the doctrine you may have heard described as original sin. Original sin is a term used to describe our inheritance of a sinful nature from Adam. The sinful nature originated with Adam and is passed down from parent to child. We are by nature children of wrath (Eph 2:3-note).
Ryrie notes that theologians have used at least three different labels to describe the sin nature all men inherit from Adam…
(1) Some call it… inherited sin. This emphasizes the truth that all people inherit this sinful state from their parents, and their parents from their parents, all the way back to Adam and Eve.
(2) Others call it the sin nature, which focuses on the fact that sin has corrupted our entire nature. The term “sin nature” provides a clear contrast between that root nature and its fruits (which are particular acts of sin).
(3) Still others prefer the term original sin because Adam’s original sin produced that moral corruption of nature that was transmitted by inheritance to each succeeding generation. (Ryrie, C. C.. Basic Theology : A Popular Systemic Guide to Understanding Biblical Truth. Chicago, Ill.: Moody Press. 1999 or computer version)
As mentioned in this discussion of Romans 5:12-21, be aware that Scripture distinguishes our sin nature from the sins we each commit (personal sins). In other words, we commit sins because we are sinners by nature, a nature we inherited from Adam.
There is a more difficult to understand third aspect of sin which is referred to as imputed sin, and this is the teaching that many often chaff at. Why? Because imputed sin says (as determined from Romans 5:12) that when Adam sinned, every man and woman ever born also sinned, because God imputed (credited to one's account) Adam's sin to our spiritual ledger. We don't like this truth (because we have a sinful nature!). It doesn't sound fair, but it is simply because we do not fully comprehend the spiritual dynamics. Rest assured that the Judge of all mankind is always perfectly righteous and infinitely just. He is not some cosmic ogre, but the infinitely holy God Who cannot stand sin in any form. The truth of imputed sin will be discussed in more detail throughout the notes on Romans 5:12-21, so if you are wrestling with this truth, stop and pray for the Spirit's illumination.
Wayne Grudem offers the following thoughts to address our sense of indignation at being held guilty because of Adam's sin…
(1) Everyone who protests that this is unfair has also voluntarily committed many actual sins for which God also holds us guilty. These will constitute the primary basis of our judgment on the last day, for God “will render to every man according to his works” (Ro. 2:6), and “the wrongdoer will be paid back for the wrong he has done” (Col. 3:25).
(2) Moreover, some have argued, “If any one of us were in Adam’s place, we also would have sinned as he did, and our subsequent rebellion against God demonstrates that.” I think this is probably true, but it does not seem to be a conclusive argument, for it assumes too much about what would or would not happen. Such uncertainty may not help very much to lessen someone’s sense of unfairness.
(3) The most persuasive answer to the objection is to point out that if we think it is unfair for us to be represented by Adam, then we should also think it is unfair for us to be represented by Christ and to have his righteousness imputed to us by God. (Systematic theology : An introduction to biblical doctrine Leicester, England; Grand Rapids, Mich.: Inter-Varsity Press; Zondervan Pub. House)
Meanwhile, below is a simple summary chart (acknowledging that such charts are not a substitute for careful study of the broad subject of sin) taken from Dr Charles Ryrie's book Basic Theology which I highly recommend as orthodox, Scripturally based and imminently readable, and made even more so by frequent helpful illustrations.
A COMPARISON OF
THE SEVERAL ASPECTS OF SIN
Aspect Scripture Transmission Principal
Consequence Remedy
SIN Ephesians 2:3
(Romans 5:12) Generation
Generation Spiritual
Death Redemption
Gift of the Spirit
IMPUTED
SIN Romans 5:12 Direct from Adam to every man and woman Physical
Death Imputed
SINS Romans 3:23
(1Jn 1:9) Not
Specifically
Transmitted Loss of
Fellowship Forgiveness
Just as through one man sin entered the world - Note that Paul doesn’t seek to prove that sin entered through one man but simply accepts as true God's record through Moses in Genesis 3, where sin entered the world through Adam. As an aside, do you see the implication of the statement "sin entered"? The implication is that sin existed before Adam (but we won't go there)! Notice also that it was Adam who was held responsible for the fall of man, not his wife Eve. In his first epistle to Timothy, Paul explained that…
it was not Adam who was deceived, but the woman being quite deceived, fell into transgression. (1Timothy 2:14)
To be sure Eve sinned when she was deceived. On the other hand, Adam, without being deceived, and with knowledge of what he was doing, deliberately chose to disobey God. Thus Adam was more accountable for his disobedience than Eve.
In the book of beginnings, Moses records the historical event…
When the woman saw that the tree was good for food, and that it was a delight to the eyes, and that the tree was desirable to make one wise, she took from its fruit and ate; and she gave also to her husband with her, and he ate. Then the eyes of both of them were opened, and they knew that they were naked (note how guilt immediately followed their commission of sin); and they sewed fig leaves together and made themselves loin coverings. (Genesis 3:6, 7)
The Ryrie Study Bible comments that "Their sin was more than merely eating forbidden fruit; it was disobeying the revealed word of God, believing the lie of Satan, and placing their own wills above God's. Sin, with all its dreadful consequences, now entered the human race and the world in general."
God had "drawn a line in the sand" so to speak and they walk across it or transgressed, hence the term transgression, which Paul uses 6 times in Romans 5:15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20
It is vitally important to understand the meaning of the phrase "the Sin" before you can understand Romans 6, where Sin is personified as an active, ruling principle in every individual's life (Romans 5:21, 6:12-13, 6:17, 6:19-see notes Ro 5:21, 6:12-13, 6:17, 6:19)
The Sin (266) (hamartia) is the Greek word hamartia [word study] which originally conveyed the idea of missing the mark (as when hunting with a bow and arrow and not hitting the target - see this literal use of the most common Hebrew word for "sin" - Jdg 20:16-note!) and then came to mean missing or falling short of any goal, standard, or purpose.
In the theological sense as used most often in Scripture the word sin describes one's thoughts, words or deeds which so often miss the ultimate purpose that God would intend them to have (i.e., they "miss" His will). Stated another way, our thoughts, words and/or deeds fall short of God’s perfect standard of holiness. Now here is where the definition of Sin as used in Romans 5-8 can become a bit confusing.
SIN AS A REIGNING POWER,
A DICTATOR RESIDING IN YOUR BODY!
First note that Sin (hamartia) here in Romans 5:12 is singular and thus is not sins but sin. (see list of all similar uses of hamartia in Ro 5-8) The significance of this small grammatical detail becomes more apparent from the next fact (so don't check out yet!)
In many (in fact, most) of Paul's uses of hamartia in Romans 5-8, he places the definite article "the" before sin (this "the" is not translated in most English versions for it would be somewhat cumbersome to read).
So what does this phrase "the Sin" signify? In short, Paul is speaking of sin as an entity, not sins in general. From the context (Romans 5-8) "The Sin" is clearly used figuratively, in what is referred to as a metonym (derived from "meta" = with + "onym" = name") which describes the substitution of a word referring to an attribute for the thing that is meant (eg, the use of the word "crown" to refer to the entire "monarchy").
Now are you really confused? What Paul is doing by using the phrase "The Sin" is to use this word not to describe the actions or results (sins [plural] which are committed) but to describe the underlying root cause, the basic principle or, in medical terms (I'm a physician with sub specialization in infectious disease), the "virus" that killed (first spiritually and later physically) Adam and which has infected all men for all men can trace their physical lineage to the first Adam.
Think of The Sin as analogous to a highly contagious, 100% lethal virus which every man, woman and child has contracted because every person alive is related to Adam, the first man, who himself was infected. Or think of The Sin as analogous to an abnormal "gene" which transmits a defective moral/ethical "DNA code" to all of Adam's offspring, this defective code explaining why every individual commits sins (plural). In other words, we all continually commit sins because we all have inherited the defective "sin gene". Try to keep this distinction in mind when reading Romans 5-8, where Paul refers primarily to "the sin gene" ("the sin virus"), which is the underlying root cause of why we do the wicked things we do. In most of the uses of sin in these chapters Paul is not speaking of individual sins that we commit.
Wayne Barber explains that "When you see the word sin in Romans 5, take a pencil and write by it "The" (so that it reads "the Sin"). When the definite article "the" (Ed note: look at the Greek sentence above. Do you see the Greek word "he" before "hamartia"? The "he" is the definite article in Greek, corresponding to the English definite article "the") is used in Scripture, it is very important because it is identifying something as very specific. "Sin" occurs in Romans 5 and 6 most often with the definite article. In English, we might say "the cup," where the definite article (the) means, not just any cup, but the specific cup. (Romans 5:12-14) (Bolding and italics added)
To reiterate, Paul is not speaking of a particular sin (as selected out from among many sins that one might commit), but instead refers to the inherent propensity to sin that entered the human heart, which in turn made Adam a sinner by nature. Adam then passed the inherent sinful nature he possessed to all his offspring. Yes it was only a single act of disobedience, but it opened his heart to the entrance of the sin (nature, principle). This same "Adamic" nature is present in every person ever born from the moment of conception.
Kenneth Wuest explains SIN in Romans 6 writing that "The first thing we must settle is regarding the word sin, is whether it refers (in context) to sin as an abstraction, namely, to acts of sin committed by the believer or to the totally depraved nature still in him? A rule of Greek syntax settles the question. The definite article (Ed note: Definite article equates with the Greek word for "the") appears before the word (Sin) in the Greek text. Here the article (the) points back to a previously mentioned sin defined in its context. The reference is to sin reigning as king (Ro 5:21+). There sin is personified since it reigns as a king. (ED: For example Paul commands believers - "do not let SIN reign [present imperative with a negative - stop letting Sin reign or don't let it begin!] in your mortal body so that you obey its lusts" Ro 6:12+, so clearly "Sin" can still "assume the throne!" Look out! Forewarned is forearmed!) But one cannot conceive of acts of sin reigning as king in the life of a person. They (individual acts of sin) are the result of some dominant factor reigning as a king (Ed: or even worse as a Dictator!). That can only be the evil nature still resident in the Christian. And here is the key to the interpretation of the entire chapter (Romans 6). Every time the word SIN is used in this chapter as a noun, it refers to the evil nature in the Christian. Read the following verses and substitute the words sinful nature for the word sin, and see what a flood of light is thrown upon your understanding of this section of God’s Word (Ro 6:1, 2, 6, 10, 11, 13, 14, 16, 17, 18, 20, 22, 23). (Bolding and color added)
THOUGHT - Everybody has to serve somebody! Don't be deceived into thinking you are "free" because true freedom is not the power to do as you please, but the power to do as you should to please your Heavenly Father! And so in the moral/ethical sphere the choices are clear and diametrically opposed - either you obey God the Father, His Son and His Spirit or you obey "The Sin" that is still lurking in the hearts of believers and who holds unfettered sway in the heart of every non-believer! Who are you going to serve? That is the critical question we should all consider asking ourselves every morning for the rest of our lives! Today, will I obey Jesus, my Lord, enabled by His grace and His indwelling Spirit (cf Ro 8:13+) or will I make the bad choice to obey The Sin which is continually waging war against my soul, continually enticing my mind and heart seeking to carry me away into some sin? (1 Pe 2:11+, James 1:14+). Bob Dylan's song "nailed it" - listen to his oldie, but goodie Gotta Serve Somebody (from his album "Gospel Songs of Bob Dylan!) Who you gonna serve today? And remember do not fall into the subtle trap of "keeping a list rules" (we call it legalism which always blunts the effective working of God's grace) but rather yield to the Spirit Who Alone can provide you the desire (the "want to" because our old Sin nature does not "want to" obey God) and the power (Php 2:13NLT+) to work out (present imperative = not a suggestion but a command you can only keep as you rely on the Spirit's power - cf Eph 5:18+, Gal 5:16+) your salvation in fear and trembling (Php 2:12+). It is not "Let go and let God," but more accurately "Let God and let's go!"
Another way of looking at this issue is to note that the sin is singular (in contrast to plural sins as in Ro 3:25-note, Ro 4:7-note, Ro 11:27-note - the only 3 uses of "sins" plural in Romans) and does not refer to the ongoing death of specific sins which is part of our spiritual growth or sanctification. Rather the term sin in this verse refers to sin as a controlling power and as an enslaving tyrant, who prior to our salvation held "full sway" over our moral/ethical decisions! Paul's point is that believers have died in relation to the power sin was had over us as believers. And remember, it does not make one whit of difference whether or not you "feel" like this is true in your life. Paul's point is that if you are genuinely regenerate by the Spirit, you have been set free from the ruling power of the old tyrant Sin. He does not say you will never commit individuals sins again, for all believers still have the unredeemed (and unredeemable!) fallen flesh nature that seeks to coerce us to miss God's mark (sin) or sidestep His perfect path (transgression, trespass). At the time of Justification believers are set free once and for all from the ruling power of sin, but now in sanctification we must daily, moment by moment fight the battle with our residual, dethroned enemy and we now can do so infused by and controlled by God's Spirit (cp Ro 8:13-note).
In Psalm 51, notice how David under the inspiration of the Holy Spirit describes himself…
Behold (Hebrew = "Listen up!" for what I have to say is important!) I was brought forth in iniquity, and in sin my mother conceived me. (Ps 51:5-see exposition) Spurgeon comments on David's declaration…
Behold, I was shapen in iniquity. He is thunderstruck at the discovery of his inbred sin, and proceeds to set it forth. This was not intended to justify himself, but it rather meant to complete the confession. It is as if he said, not only have I sinned this once, but I am in my very nature a sinner. The fountain of my life is polluted as well as its streams. My birth tendencies are out of the square of equity; I naturally lean to forbidden things. Mine is a constitutional disease, rendering my very person obnoxious to Thy wrath.
And in sin did my mother conceive me. He goes back to the earliest moment of his being, not to traduce (expose to shame or blame) his mother, but to acknowledge the deep tap roots of his sin.
It is a wicked wresting of Scripture to deny that original sin and natural depravity are here taught. Surely men who cavil (raise trivial objections) at this doctrine have need to be taught of the Holy Spirit what be the first principles of the faith. David's mother was the Lord's handmaid, he was born in chaste wedlock, of a good father, and he was himself, "the man after God's own heart;" and yet his nature was as fallen as that of any other son of Adam, and there only needed the occasion for the manifesting of that sad fact. In our shaping we were put out of shape, and when we were conceived our nature conceived sin. Alas, for poor humanity! Those who will (desire or choose to do so), may cry it up, but he is most blessed who in his own soul has learned to lament his lost estate. (see full note) (Bolding added)
Beloved this truth that even newborn babes possess a sin nature may cause you considerable angst, especially if you have ever had a young child die. We do not have time to address this topic fully, but it is my belief that although babies and young infants are indeed "little sinners", nevertheless they will enter into the eternal presence of God if they die during this period. Upon the death of his infant son (who was conceived in adultery), David declared…
But now he has died; why should I fast? Can I bring him back again? I shall go to him, but he will not return to me. (2Samuel 12:23)
Henry Morris in the Defenders Study Bible writes "David's infant son, dead before he was able to discern right from wrong, was safe in Christ… David thus was confident he would be with his child in the ages to come, after the great resurrection day. He knew that he himself would "dwell in the house of the Lord forever" [Psalm 23:6] and so would his infant son."
Wayne Grudem: Are Infants Guilty Before They Commit Actual Sins? Some maintain that Scripture teaches an “age of accountability” before which young children are not held responsible for sin and are not counted guilty before God. However, the passages noted… about “inherited sin” indicate that even before birth children have a guilty standing before God and a sinful nature that not only gives them a tendency to sin but also causes God to view them as “sinners.” “Behold, I was brought forth in iniquity, and in sin did my mother conceive me” (Ps. 51:5). The passages that speak of final judgment in terms of actual sinful deeds that have been done (e.g., Ro 2:6–11) do not say anything about the basis of judgment when there have been no individual actions of right or wrong, as with children dying in early infancy. In such cases we must accept the Scriptures that talk about ourselves as having a sinful nature from before the time of birth. Furthermore, we must realize that a child’s sinful nature manifests itself very early, certainly within the first two years of a child’s life, as anyone who has raised children can affirm. (David says, in another place, “The wicked go astray from the womb they err from their birth,” Ps. 58:3.)
But then what do we say about infants who die before they are old enough to understand and believe the gospel? Can they be saved?
Here we must say that if such infants are saved, it cannot be on their own merits, or on the basis of their own righteousness or innocence, but it must be entirely on the basis of Christ’s redemptive work and regeneration by the work of the Holy Spirit within them. “There is one God, and there is one mediator between God and men, the man Christ Jesus” (1Ti 2:5). “Unless one is born anew, he cannot see the kingdom of God” (John 3:3).
Yet it certainly is possible for God to bring regeneration (that is, new spiritual life) to an infant even before he or she is born. This was true of John the Baptist, for the angel Gabriel, before John was born, said, “He will be filled with the Holy Spirit, even from his mother’s womb” (Luke 1:15). We might say that John the Baptist was “born again” before he was born! There is a similar example in Psalm 22:10: David says, “Since my mother bore me you have been my God.” It is clear, therefore, that God is able to save infants in an unusual way, apart from their hearing and understanding the gospel, by bringing regeneration to them very early, sometimes even before birth. This regeneration is probably also followed at once by a nascent, intuitive awareness of God and trust in him at an extremely early age, but this is something we simply cannot understand.
We must, however, affirm very clearly that this is not the usual way for God to save people. Salvation usually occurs when someone hears and understands the gospel and then places trust in Christ. But in unusual cases like John the Baptist, God brought salvation before this understanding. And this leads us to conclude that it certainly is possible that God would also do this where he knows the infant will die before hearing the gospel.
How many infants does God save in this way? Scripture does not tell us, so we simply cannot know. Where Scripture is silent, it is unwise for us to make definitive pronouncements. However, we should recognize that it is God’s frequent pattern throughout Scripture to save the children of those who believe in him (see Ge 7:1; cf. Heb. 11:7; Josh. 2:18; Ps. 103:17; John 4:53; Acts 2:39; 11:14(?); 16:31; 18:8; 1 Cor. 1:16; 7:14; Titus 1:6; cf. Matt. 18:10, 14). These passages do not show that God automatically saves the children of all believers (for we all know of children of godly parents who have grown up and rejected the Lord, and Scripture also gives such examples as Esau and Absalom), but they do indicate that God’s ordinary pattern, the “normal” or expected way in which he acts, is to bring the children of believers to himself. With regard to believers’ children who die very young, we have no reason to think that it would be otherwise.
Particularly relevant here is the case of the first child Bathsheba bore to King David. When the infant child had died, David said, “I shall go to him but he will not return to me” (2Sa 12:23). David, who through his life had such great confidence that he would live forever in the Lord’s presence (see Ps. 23:6, and many of David’s psalms), also had confidence that he would see his infant son again when he died. This can only imply that he would be with his son in the presence of the Lord forever. This passage, together with the others mentioned above, should be of similar assurance to all believers who have lost children in their infancy, that they will one day see them again in the glory of the heavenly kingdom.
Regarding the children of unbelievers who die at a very early age Scripture is silent. We simply must leave that matter in the hands of God and trust him to be both just and merciful. If they are saved, it will not be on the basis of any merit of their own or any innocence that we might presume that they have. If they are saved, it will be on the basis of Christ’s redeeming work; and their regeneration, like that of John the Baptist before he was born, will be by God’s mercy and grace. Salvation is always because of his mercy, not because of our merits (see Rom. 9:14–18). Scripture does not allow us to say more than that. (Systematic Theology An Introduction to Biblical Doctrine - Highly Recommended very readable book on systematic theology)
David had the assurance that his baby would meet him in heaven. The renowned expositor John MacArthur writes that…
In no place does Scripture teach infant damnation. Rather, every biblical reference—whether oblique or direct—to the issue of infants and children who die gives us reason to believe they go immediately into the eternal presence of God. I cannot help but conclude that our Lord graciously and freely receives all those who die in infancy—not on the basis of their innocence or their worthiness, but by His grace, made theirs through the atonement He purchased on the cross. These little ones experience salvation grounded in absolute sovereignty and comprehensive grace. Yes, children are sinners by nature. Babies are not without a sin nature—they are, however, without sin deeds. Yes, children are in need of a Savior. Yes, God has provided a Savior for them, Jesus Christ. Yes, all children who die before they reach a state of moral awareness and culpability in which they understand their sin and corruption—so that their sins are deliberate—are graciously saved eternally by God through the work of Jesus Christ. They are counted as elect by sovereign choice because they are innocent of willful sin, rebellion, and unbelief, by which works they would be justly condemned to eternal punishment. (Excerpt from Dr MacArthur's book which I would highly recommend if you have questions or doubts concerning the topic - In hardcover - Safe in the Arms of God: Truth from Heaven About the Death of a Child - Thomas Nelson Publishers. 2003 or for your computer Logos.com)
In a parallel passage David writes that…
The wicked are estranged from the womb; These who speak lies go astray from birth. (Psalm 58:3)
Spurgeon comments:
The wicked are estranged from the womb. It is small wonder that some men persecute the righteous seed of the woman, since all of them are of the serpent's brood, and enmity is set between them. No sooner born than alienated from God -- what a condition to be found in!
They go astray as soon as they be born, speaking lies. Every observer may see how very soon infants act lies. Before they can speak they practice little deceptive arts. This is especially the case in those who grow up to be adept in slander, they begin their evil trade early, and there is no marvel that they become adept in it. He who starts early in the morning will go far before night. To be untruthful is one of the surest proofs of a fallen state, and since falsehood is universal, so also is human depravity
The Sin (principle, "lethal virus", "defective gene") in each individual makes it impossible for man to live in a way that pleases God. We all "miss the mark" because of this inherent propensity which determines our behavior.
A T Robertson adds here in Romans 5:12 that the Sin is personified by Paul…
and represented as coming from the outside into the world of human. Paul does not discuss the origin of evil beyond this fact. There are some today who deny the fact of sin at all and who call it merely "an error of mortal mind" (a notion) while others regard it as merely an animal inheritance devoid of ethical quality.
Entered (1525) (eiserchomai from eis = into, a preposition of motion into any place or thing + erchomai = come) literally means to come into and so to enter into. Eiserchomai is in the aorist tense and the indicative mood which signifies that at a certain point in time sin "went in the world's front door (by means of Adam's sin)" (Walvoord). Sin is personified as an evil that invaded the perfect Garden setting. Adam sinned, and at that point in time, the consequence of his sin was immediate for at that moment, the "deadly virus" named the sin entered into the world and spread to "infect" the entire human race.
Wayne Barber makes the point that the preposition eis in the verb eiserchomai…
Instead of signifying "to" all men, is more literally "into" (1519) all men… What a picture! When Adam sinned, out of his body was passed the seed of Sin into all mankind -- into man. the death. the sin. Every man born of man and woman on this earth is born into the sin, is born into Adam, is born into the death. And this consequence results without them ever having done anything. (see answers to the objections this truth raises)
Into (1519) (eis) conveys the idea of motion into some place or some thing.
World (2889) (kosmos [word study] related to kosmeo = to arrange or put in order from komeo = tend, take care of) according to W E Vine means "a harmonious arrangement or order,” then, “adornment, decoration,” came to denote “the world, or the universe, as that which is divinely arranged.” What a tragic irony that the sin and its corrupting, destructive effects entered into a place of such "harmonious arrangement and order"! Kosmos is often thus used to denote human beings--the race, the human family. Kosmos is the same word used in John 3:16 where God so loved the world, the sinful human family composed of sinners.
And death through sin - Paul personifies Death as entering the world through sin.
Death (2288) (thanatos) indicates the opposite of life and the absence of life and in the NT is seen as the consequence and punishment of sin. Death speaks of separation, physically of the soul from the body and spiritually of the soul from God. Note that death does not signify either annihilation or extinction. Here in Romans 5:12 Paul speaks not of death in general but "the death", in a sense personifying death as using sin as its point of entry into the world. Before the sin there was no the death.
Vine adds that thanatos in Romans 5 is primarily a reference…
to the (physical) death of the body, as is indicated in verse 14. The term may, however, have a more general sense, as including death spiritual and eternal; for these are the penal consequences of sin, and the whole argument points to death as a penalty thereof. Moreover, the life which is brought to the believer through Christ is set in contrast to death (Romans 5:17-note) and this eternal life is more than simply antithetic to physical death. (Vine, W. Collected writings of W. E. Vine. Nashville: Thomas Nelson)
Newell comments on death writing that…
Death is a Divine decree
It is appointed to men once to die and after this comes judgment (He 9:27-note)
Death involves four consequences:
(1) The utter ending of what we call human life.
(2) Falling consciously into the fearful hands of that power under which men have during their lifetime lightly lived, unprotected from the indescribable terrors and horrors connected therewith.
(3) Being imprisoned in Sheol or Hades - in "the pit wherein is no water, " as was Dives (a Latin adjective meaning "rich," which occurs in this passage in the Vulgate = the rich man) in Lk 16:19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31. Compare Zech 9:11
(4) Exposure to the coming judgment and its eternal consequences. Of course, the believer is rescued from all this-even physical death, -from bodily "falling asleep, " if Christ comes during his lifetime! while it is true of all saints, those who keep Christ's word, that they shall "never see death" (Jn 8:51). Death and judgment are past for the believer, Christ his Substitute having endured them. Nevertheless, in this day of mad pleasure-seeking, it certainly behooves all of us to reflect on the fearful realities connected with death!
Spread (1330) (dierchomai from dia = through + erchomai = go) means literally to go through or to pass throughout. It speaks of complete movement in a particular direction. To spread means to to send or be sent out in all directions, as for example a highly contagious deadly virus disseminating and spreading completely through an entire population. Paul uses this verb to describe the veritable diffusion of sin and death among mankind. His phrase "upon all men" emphasizes that the diffusion is universal in scope.
Dierchomai - 43x in 42v - Matt 12:43; 19:24; Mark 4:35; 10:25; Luke 2:15, 35; 4:30; 5:15; 8:22; 9:6; 11:24; 17:11; 19:1, 4; John 4:4, 15; Acts 8:4, 40; 9:32, 38; 10:38; 11:19, 22; 12:10; 13:6, 14; 14:24; 15:3, 41; 16:6; 17:23; 18:23, 27; 19:1, 21; 20:2, 25; Rom 5:12; 1 Cor 10:1; 16:5; 2 Cor 1:16; Heb 4:14
Some say the preposition dia in dierchomai emphasizes the force of distribution so that what Paul is saying is that death "made its way to each individual member of the race".
Barnes comments on spread to all men writing that the verb spread means…
Passed through; pervaded; spread over the whole race, as pestilence passes through, or pervades a nation. Thus death, with its train of woes, with its withering and blighting influence, has passed through the world, laying prostrate all before it. (Albert Barnes. Barnes NT Commentary)
With the sin came, the consequences (cf the law of sowing and reaping, Gal 6:7, 8) of that sin came
so (the) death spread to all men, because all sinned.
Every grave gives a silent testimony to the spread and reign of sin since the time of Adam.
As C H Spurgeon lamented…
Oh, the awful power which sin had thus to turn the world into one vast cemetery, and to slay the whole human race (from his sermon "Lost Through One; Saved Through One" on Romans 5:16)
Barnhouse comments that…
Some who read these words may react against the truth that we set forth. But we remind them that we do not originate truth, we reflect it. We teach only what is in the Word of God. If you quarrel with us, you must first prove that we are teaching what the Bible does not teach.
Note that again the definite article is before "death", so we could read it as "the sin of Adam affected the death" which was the consequence God had warned Adam that "in the day that you eat from it you shall surely die." (Ge 2:17). And so it happened that Adam ate and so entered…
"THE death through THE sin, and so THE death spread to all men."
Through ONE MAN (Adam) "the SIN" entered at a specific point in time and it passed through or went through (out) the entire world. Notice that the verb entered implies that before that time the death was outside the world.
Morris agrees adding that…
there was no death before sin entered the world. The finished creation was "very good" (Genesis 1:31), with an abundance of food and all other provisions for man and animals. There was certainly no struggle for existence, or survival of the fittest, for every creature was created fit for its own environment. When Adam sinned, God brought the curse of decay and death not only upon Adam but also upon all His dominion (Ge 3:17, 18, 19, 20; 1Co 15:21,22; Romans 8:20, 21, 22). (Defenders Study Bible)
C H Spurgeon comments…
Ask Noah as he looks out of his ark, "Does sin bring bitterness?" and he points to the floating carcasses of innumerable thousands that died because of sin (Ge 7:21). Turn to Abraham. Does sin bring bitterness? He points to the smoke of Sodom and Gomorrah that God destroyed because of their wickedness (Ge 19:1-38). Ask Moses, and he reminds you of Korah, Dathan, and Abiram, who were swallowed up alive (Nu 16:1-50).
Adam was not originally subject to death, but through his sin, death became a grim certainty for him and his posterity. Notice here a plain assertion that all men die because Adam sinned…
For as in Adam all die, so also in Christ all shall be made alive. (1Cor 15:22)
Even tiny babies can die, not because they have committed sins but because they have been born with a sin nature, the ultimate consequence of which is death.
A person does not become a sinner by committing sins
but rather commits sins because he or she is by nature a sinner.
A person does not become a liar when he tells a lie. He tells a lie because his heart is already deceitful for as Jesus clearly declared…
out of the heart come evil thoughts, murders, adulteries, fornications, thefts, false witness, slanders. (Mt 15:19)
The Penalty for Adam's Sin Brings
Three Kinds of Death
Although there are are three aspects to the death that is the result of sin, the penalty is really one.
(1) SPIRITUAL: Death conveys the sense of separation, and Adam’s first death was spiritual separation from God, which he experienced immediately after his disobedience.
And you were dead in your trespasses and sins, in which you formerly walked according to the course of this world, according to the prince of the power of the air, of the spirit that is now working in the sons of disobedience. (see notes Ephesians 2:1; 2:2).
(2) PHYSICAL: Physical death brings separation of one's soul from his body and separation from fellow human beings. Adam died physically at 930 years of age.
By the sweat of your face You shall eat bread, Till you return to the ground, Because from it you were taken; For you are dust, And to dust you shall return." (Genesis 3:19) (Comment: "Dust… to dust" is clearly a reference to physical death).
So all the days that Adam lived were nine hundred and thirty years, and he died. (Genesis 5:5)
And inasmuch as it is appointed for men to die once (once for all time = excludes possibility of re-incarnation) and after this comes judgment, (Hebrews 9:27-note)
(3) ETERNAL: This aspect of death (the Second death) includes not only eternal separation from God (Ge 3:22, 23, 24 describes the beginning of this separation when Adam was driven from the Garden and barred from entering), but eternal torment in the lake of fire…
And I saw a great white throne and Him who sat upon it, from whose presence earth and heaven fled away, and no place was found for them. 12 And I saw the dead, the great and the small, standing before the throne, and books were opened; and another book was opened, which is the book of life; and the dead were judged from the things which were written in the books, according to their deeds. 13 And the sea gave up the dead which were in it, and death and Hades gave up the dead which were in them; and they were judged, every one of them according to their deeds. 14 And death and Hades were thrown into the lake of fire. This is the Second death, the Lake of fire. 15 And if anyone's name was not found written in the book of life, he was thrown into the Lake of fire. (See notes Revelation 20:11; 12; 13; 14; 15)
In summary, when Adam sinned, he immediately died spiritually. Then after living "930 years… he died" (Genesis 5:5). Finally , as best we can discern, Adam was brought to faith and thus escaped eternal death. Unbelieving man is spiritually dead when he is born which leads to physical death and then to eternal death unless he receives the remedy for spiritual death which is eternal life, the gift of God through faith in the Lord Jesus Christ, the suffering and crucified Savior. The remedy of physical death is the bodily resurrection, which takes place at the coming of the Lord Jesus Christ for believers. For eternal death there is no remedy!
BECAUSE ALL SINNED: eph ho pantes hemarton (3PAAI):
Ro 3:23; Jas 3:2; 1Jn 1:8, 9, 10
Although this clause may seem straightforward, it has been one of the major interpretative battlegrounds among theologians and if interested in a more detailed discussion consult one of the conservative works on systematic theology. The question this clause raises is "In what sense have all sinned"?
Some for example hold the view that Paul is referring to the actual personal sins of individuals, those sins we all commit daily (e.g., Calvin seems to favor this view). Since sinned is not in the present tense (sin continuously which might be rendered "because all are continually sinning" or "continually committing sins") but the aorist tense (point in time action, whether past, present or future determined by context) this interpretation is less viable. Secondly, in the context of Romans 5:15, 16, 17, 18, 19 Paul repeatedly insists that only one sin of one man (not all of us) is the culprit. Let's review…
the transgression of the one the many died (see Romans 5:15-note)
the judgment arose from one transgression resulting in condemnation (see
Romans 5:16-note)
by the transgression of the one, death reigned through the one (see Romans 5:17-note)
through one transgression there resulted condemnation to all men (see Romans 5:18-note)
through the one man's disobedience the many were made sinners (see Romans 5:19-ntoe)
In light of this context and Paul's repetition of one sin of one man it is not surprising that the most widely held interpretation is that Adam's one act was deemed mankind's act and his one sin was their sin, as difficult as that truth might be for many to accept. The Scriptures clearly state that "the many" sinned in Adam (in Ro 5:12, Ro 5:18 = "if by the transgression of the one the many died" and Ro 5:19 = "the one man's disobedience the many were made sinners") which supports this view. Furthermore, Adam was a representative head, for the promises of dominion given to him were also given to the entire human race. Similarly, the warning of punishment given to Adam was also for the entire human race, as the consequences of his sin indicate. In short, this interpretation holds that all have sinned in their representative head, Adam and this resulted in "condemnation to all men" (see Romans 5:18-note). Think of the illustration where if a general is defeated, every one of his soldiers is defeated. Adam acted for the human race because he was the head of it. Because all humanity existed in the loins of Adam (cf Hebrews 7:9; 10-notes He 7:9; 10), and have through procreation inherited his fallenness and depravity, it can be said that all sinned in him. Therefore, humans are not sinners because they sin, but sin because they are sinners.
This concept though somewhat difficult to grasp is also found in a passage with exactly the opposite implication where Paul writes that…
One died for all and therefore all died (2Co 5:14-notes)
In this passage in Second Corinthians Paul is speaking of the identification of believers with their Substitute, the One Who died in their place. The context is clearly referring those who have placed their faith in Christ, so that when He died we died with Him (Ro 6:3ff-note). And so by analogy, just as all who are in Adam (the whole race) became sinners because of Adam's one sin, so also all who are in Christ (those who believe) "are made righteous" (Ro 5:19-note) because of His death.
William Newell adds that Paul's…
whole point is that all acted when Adam acted: all sinned. We have remarked on the aorist tense, "sinned" in connection with its use in Romans 3. To translate it here "have sinned" (as in KJV) is utterly to obscure the Scripture, making man’s "sinner ship" to depend on his own acts rather than on Adam’s, the latter being the whole point of the passage. (Romans 5)
The Sin went through the world in the same way all mankind was in the "loins" of Adam and so the curse comes from Adam. The death spread or “went through,” or penetrated the entire human race, like a vapor permeating every room in a house.
To reiterate, men are not sinners because they sin, but rather they sin because they are sinners. Stated another way, you don't need to see an act of sin to ''prove'' you are a sinner. Paul is saying we are sinners by virtue of the fact that we were in Adam ("in Adam's loins") when he sinned. He was like a ''federal'' head or representative of the entire human race.
J Vernon McGee reviews this somewhat difficult to grasp concept…
It is on the basis of the federal headship of Adam that now God is able through the federal headship of Christ to save those who will trust Christ. This is what theologians have labeled the federal headship. Adam and Christ are representatives of the human race. Adam is the natural head of the human race… the natural head. And his one act of disobedience plunged his entire offspring into sin. We are all made sinners by Adam’s sin.
First, let’s see what this does not mean. It does not refer to the fact that we have a sinful nature inherited from Adam. It is true that I got a sinful nature from my father, and he from his father, and on back. Also, I passed on that nature to my child and to my grandchildren… Although you and I do have sinful natures and do pass them on to our offspring, this particular verse does not refer to that fact.
Also, the verse before us that says all have sinned (KJV) does not mean that we are guilty of a sinful act. Of course, we are guilty, but that is not what the verse is talking about. (Ed note: He is referring here to our daily committing individual sins)
It does refer to the fact that we are so vitally connected with the first father of the human race that before we even had a human nature, before we had committed a sin, even before we were born, we were sinners in Adam… Adam’s sin was imputed (Ed note: reckoned, placed on our "account" so to speak) to us. What Adam did, we did. God could put all of us in a Garden of Eden and give us the same test He gave to Adam. Do you think you would do any better with your sinful nature than Adam did without a sinful nature? I don’t think so. We might as well accept the fact that Adam’s one act of disobedience made all of us sinners. (McGee, J V: Thru the Bible Commentary: Thomas Nelson)
All (3956) (pas) means all without exception. It includes the idea of the whole (of humanity in this context).
Sinned (264) (hamartano) means to miss the mark and so to miss God's will and purpose for one's life. The aorist tense is constative (summary) aorist which in simple terms means that at one point in time all men sinned. To what point in time does Paul refer? It was the time when Adam first sinned. His sin became mankind’s sin, because all mankind were in his loins, so to speak.
A T Robertson adds that sinned is what is referred to as
Constative aorist active indicative of hamartano, gathering up in this one tense the history of the race.
DeMoss explains that constative aorist refers to a verb in the aorist tense
that, along with other contextual features, presents the action simply, in summary, or as a whole. Also called complexive, comprehensive, global, historical, punctiliar, simple or summary. (DeMoss, M. S. Pocket Dictionary for the Study of New Testament Greek. Downers Grove, Ill.: InterVarsity Press)
Because all humanity existed in the loins of Adam, and have through procreation inherited his fallenness and depravity, it can be said that all sinned in him. Therefore, to reiterate, humans are not sinners because they sin, but rather they sin because they are sinners.
This section as with other sections in Romans speaks to what some have referred to as the doctrine of total depravity. What does this term refer to? Total depravity is the doctrine that says fallen man is completely touched by sin and that he is completely a sinner. He is not as bad as he could be, but in all areas of his being, the totality of his being -- body, soul, spirit, mind, emotions, etc. -- he is polluted by the sin principle. In that sense, then, he is exhibits total depravity. Because all men are totally depraved, nothing good can come out of them, even as Paul taught us in Romans 3:10-12 writing…
as it is written, "THERE IS NONE RIGHTEOUS, NOT EVEN ONE; 11 THERE IS NONE WHO UNDERSTANDS, THERE IS NONE WHO SEEKS FOR GOD; 12 ALL HAVE TURNED ASIDE, TOGETHER THEY HAVE BECOME USELESS; THERE IS NONE WHO DOES GOOD, THERE IS NOT EVEN ONE." (see notes Romans 3:10; 11; 12)
Wayne Barber explains because all sinned as follows…
For some reason scholars over the years have had trouble with this. Personally I think it is relatively simple… Nobody had been born yet at that time -- there was only Adam and Eve. Yet all have sinned because of Adam's sin. What does that mean? It doesn’t mean that you have to commit an act of sin to prove that you are a sinner. You are a sinner whether you think you have committed an act of sin or not. You are a sinner because you were represented in Adam when Adam sinned. When Adam sinned, you were IN Adam, even though you weren’t born yet. The sin that was attached to Adam and the death that was attached to Adam is now attached to the entire human race.
The Bible gives us another example of how this works. Look at Hebrews 7:9-note, where the writer is speaking of Melchizedek, who had no beginning and no end (a type of Christ), and how Abraham paid tithes to Melchizedek.
"And, so to speak, through Abraham even Levi, who received tithes, paid tithes."
Now, Levi was a priest. He was one of the 12 sons of Jacob who was later named Israel. He received tithes as a priest, but how did he pay tithes? Hebrews 7:10-note continues,
for he was still in the loins of his father when Melchizedek met him.
Levi was the great-grandson of Abraham. When Abraham paid tithes to Melchizedek, in effect Levi paid it, even though he wasn’t born -- Levi paid it because he was in effect still in Abraham's loins—he was unborn. What Abraham did had an effect on Levi.
That is what Paul is saying about Adam. He is saying when Adam sinned we were all in the loins of Adam. He was the first man and Eve was the first woman on this earth. They began to have children, and the seed of the sin, the nature of sin, was passed on from man to man to man. Therefore the whole human race was "infected" by Adam’s sin.
Some years ago there was an incident in Restin, Virginia that illustrates this point. Some monkeys from the Philippines were brought into the US, and were discovered to have a disease for which there was no known cure. The disease affected some of the people who were treating them and they had to immediately isolate the buildings and entire complex in order to isolate the contagious virus. One bite from an infected monkey could have infected the whole nation and then the whole world if the virus had not been immediately isolated.
In an analogous way, Adam infected the whole human race when he sinned - he infected the world with the virus of the sin. We are born into the sin. So, what is it that causes a man to be born ungodly, a sinner, an enemy of God? It’s nothing he has ever done, but it is what Adam did. The curse comes from Adam and has infected the entire human race. (Romans 5:12-14 Need To Be Justified By Faith)
Total depravity is one of those "watershed" doctrines, being generally believed by the Calvinists and rejected by the Arminians.
In short, Adam’s initial sin constituted him a sinner in which all human beings participated, and which brings death to all. It is not surprising that many people object to these somewhat difficult to grasp (or "swallow") truths. John MacArthur addresses some of the common objections writing that…
Some object to the idea that they sinned in Adam, arguing that they not only were not there but did not even exist when he sinned. But by the same token, we were not physically at the crucifixion when Christ died, but as believers we willingly accept the truth that, by faith, we died with Him. We did not literally enter the grave with Christ and were not literally resurrected with Him, but by faith we are accounted to have been buried and raised with Him. If the principle were not true that all sinned in Adam, it would be impossible to make the point that all can be made righteous in Christ…
Others argue that it is not fair to be born guilty of Adam’s sin. “We did not asked to be born,” they argue, “nor did our parents or their parents or grandparents before them.” But neither was it “fair” that the sinless Son of God suffered the penalty of sin on behalf of all mankind. If God were only fair, Adam and Eve would have been destroyed immediately for their disobedience, and that would have been the end of the human race. It is only because God is gracious and forgiving, and not merely just, that men can be saved. The magnitude of Paul’s analogy is mind-boggling, and its significance cannot be fully comprehended but only accepted by faith. (MacArthur, J: Romans 1-8. Chicago: Moody Press)
Guzik adds a similar comment observing that…
We may not like the fact that we are made sinners by the work of another man. We may protest, and say, “I want to stand on my own two feet, and not be made a sinner because of the work of another man.” Nevertheless, it is fair to be made righteous by the work of another man only if we are also made sinners by the work of another man. If we aren’t made sinners by Adam, then it isn’t fair for us to be made righteous by Jesus. (Romans 5)
Is man totally depraved? Even newspaper columnists like Dear Abby recognize the the fallen nature of man!
Dear Abby: I am 44 and would like to meet a man my age with no bad habits.
Dear Rose: So would I.
HOW DEPRAVED IS MAN? ANSWER: TOTALLY! READ ON…October 7, 1969 the Montreal, Canada police force went on strike. Because of what resulted, the day has been called Black Tuesday. A burglar and a policeman were slain. Forty-nine persons were wounded or injured in rioting. Nine bank holdups were committed, almost a tenth of the total number of holdups the previous year along with 17 robberies at gunpoint. Usually disciplined, peaceful citizens joined the riffraff and went wild, smashing some 1,000 plate glass windows in a stretch of 21 business blocks in the heart of the city, hauling away stereo units, radios, TVs and wearing apparel. While looters stripped windows of valuable merchandise, professional burglars entered stores by doors and made off with truckloads of goods. A smartly dressed man scampered down a street with a fur coat over each arm with no police around, anarchy took over.
The Bias Of Degeneration - The Bible does not say that God punished the human race for one man's sin; but that the disposition of sin, viz., my claim to my right to myself, entered into the human race by one man, and that another Man took on Him the sin of the human race and put it away (Heb. 9:26) - an infinitely profounder revelation. The disposition of sin is not immorality and wrong-doing, but the disposition of self-realization - I am my own god. This disposition may work out in decorous morality or in indecorous immorality, but it has the one basis, my claim to my right to myself. When Our Lord faced men with all the forces of evil in them, and men who were clean living and moral and up right, He did not pay any attention to the moral degradation of the one or to the moral attainment of the other; He looked at something we do not see, viz., the disposition.
Sin is a thing I am born with and I cannot touch it; God touches sin in Redemption. In the Cross of Jesus Christ God redeemed the whole human race from the possibility of damnation through the heredity of sin. God nowhere holds a man responsible for having the heredity of sin. The condemnation is not that I am born with a heredity of sin, but if when I realize Jesus Christ came to deliver me from it, I refuse to let Him do so, from that moment I begin to get the seal of damnation. "And this is the judgment" (the critical moment), "that the light is come into the world, and men loved the darkness rather than the light." (Oswald Chambers)
Romans 5:13 for until the Law sin was in the world, but sin is not imputed when there is no law.
Greek: achri gar nomou hamartia en (3SIAI) en kosmo, hamartia de ouk ellogeitai (3SPPI) me ontoe (PAPMSG) nomou;
Amplified: [To be sure] sin was in the world before ever the Law was given, but sin is not charged to men’s account where there is no law [to transgress].
NLT: Yes, people sinned even before the law was given. And though there was no law to break, since it had not yet been given,
Phillips: Sin, you see, was in the world long before the Law, though I suppose, technically speaking, it was not "sin" where there was no law to define it.
Wuest: For until law, sin was in the world, but sin is not put to one’s account, there being no law.
Young's Literal: for till law sin was in the world: and sin is not reckoned when there is not law;
FOR UNTIL THE LAW SIN WAS IN THE WORLD: achri gar nomou hamartia en (3SIAI) en kosmo:
For (gar) introduces Paul's explanation to prove or substantiate what he has asserted in Romans 5:12 -- that all men are born sinners. Note that although Paul's explanation begins here in Romans 5:13, it continues into verse 14 which needs to be studied to appreciate the full impact of Paul's argument.
Morris adds that in this verse…
Paul breaks off his construction and proceeds in a different direction. But what he says is connected with the preceding, and he links it up with for. He can say what he has just said, for there was sin even before the law was given: even before there was any such thing as formal law there was sin. (Morris, L. The Epistle to the Romans. W. B. Eerdmans; Inter-Varsity Press)
How do we know that sin was in the world from Adam to Moses? He says death reigned (Romans 5:14) - men died from Adam to Moses giving ample witness to the truth that men were sinners (the wages of sin was death) despite the fact that there was no written Law. This verse can be a bit confusing. As discussed in the preceding verse, Paul is not speaking about sins men committed, which are amply documented from Adam to Moses (e.g., Cain's murder of Abel, the universal flood, Sodom and Gomorrah, etc).
S Lewis Johnson explains it this way…
If Paul only meant in Romans 5:12 that death passed upon all men because of their many individual transgressions, then no explanation would be necessary. But the extraordinary statement that all die because of Adam's sin does require explanation. The statement of verse thirteen is intended to show that the sin, referred to in the clause "for all sinned" in verse twelve, is not sin against the Mosaic Law. All violations of the Decalogue must be excluded when one looks for the sin that brought death in the world. It is plain that what Paul wants to say is that men die, not for personal sins, but for Adam's one sin. In the opening clause, "For until law sin was in the world," he admits that sin was in the world during the period of the time bounded by Adam and Moses' Law, the time referred to in verse 14 by the phrases, "from Adam to Moses." Thus, he reminds them that it was not for the breaking of the Decalogue that men died..
Paul would appear to be especially speaking to a Jewish reader who would argue like this
"Now wait a minute, Paul. Since sin is something you do, there has got to be a law to tell you not to do it. And if there is no law to tell you not to do it, then you can't charge it to someone's account."
Paul answers
"You are wrong. Your conclusion is based on "misinformation". You fail to understand the basic sin nature ("the Sin" of Romans 5:12) of mankind which makes fallen men fully capable of committing sins independent of the knowledge of the Law. And furthermore each one of these sins was sufficiently amiss to warrant death. And in fact men did die from the time of Adam until Moses."
Wayne Barber explains Romans 5:13 as follows…
Paul gives evidence that all men are sinners. This is beautiful evidence. Without having any Law to convict them, he shows that all men are sinners.
Paul is really bringing his point home now. I can just imagine some of those religious Jewish people in his audience… The religious Jews took their religion and justified themselves by the fact that they had the Law… They felt that they were part of that covenant and therefore spared from any individual judgment. What the Apostle Paul is doing very lovingly, I think, and very clearly is tearing down their argument. He is showing them why every man is desperate to be justified.
They would say,
"Wait a minute. Sin is something you do. Therefore, there has to be a Law to tell you not to do it. If there’s no Law to tell you not to do it, then you can’t charge it against somebody’s account."
Paul says,
"Sin was in the world from Adam until Moses before the Law ever even came."
Let’s look at that. He said, for until the Law sin was in the world.
Paul says before the Law ever even came about, sin was in the world. There is no definite article before sin. That means sin of all manifestations. We are all sinners with a definite article—THE sin attached to us. We are sinners by nature. But sin without the article means this is the evidence. In other words, people committed incest. People were homosexuals. People were prostitutes… There is nothing new under the sun. It was in the world until the Law came about to expose it. That is what Paul says. It is in the imperfect tense, which means it was there, going on continuously (over and over again).
Then it says, but sin is not imputed when there is no law.
He uses a different word for imputed than the word he uses in Romans 4 (logizomai). In Romans 5:13 the word ellogeo means to charge against somebody’s account. Paul is saying if sin is an action, it cannot be charged to your account unless there is a law forbidding it. Yet, sin was in the world from Adam until the Law came about. Now how do you explain that?
See what he’s doing? He has built an argument now that no Jew can get out of.
"Well, you’re right. If there is no law, you can’t charge it against somebody’s account."
Yet, there was sin in the world. Not only was there sin in the world, but there was death in the world, and death reigned from Adam to Moses.
What is he saying? He is trying to drill the point home:
sin is not what you do,
sin is what you are!
Oh, the Law comes out to show you the evidence of it. The Law says,
"You want to see that you’re a sinner? Okay, here! Obey it!"
"I once was alive without the Law, and the Law came and sin revived, and I died. I couldn’t obey it!"
Why couldn’t he obey it? He had the zeal. He had the sincerity. But he had the nature of Adam within him and that could not in any way measure up to what God commands and demands. Sin is not an activity. That’s just an evidence of sin. Sin is the nature of every man born of Adam, and you don’t need a Law to convict someone of that. (Romans 5:12-14 Need To Be Justified By Faith)
BUT SIN IS NOT IMPUTED WHEN THERE IS NO LAW: hamartia de ouk ellogeitai (3SPPI) me ontos (PAPMSG) nomou :
Romans 4:15; 1Cor 15:56; 1Jn 3:4,14)
Not (3756) (ouk) expresses direct and full negation, independently and absolutely, and hence, objectively. Absolutely not imputed is the idea.
Sin is not imputed when there is no law - Paul says that sin is not charged as a specific violation of a particular law when there is no written Law. And yet in the next verse he says that men died anyway! So what's up? Sin was still sin during the period from Adam to Moses and the fact that there was death during that period proved that it still had the effect of resulting in death. His point is that sin can never be anything but evil. Paul is not teaching that prior to the giving of the Law, men were not held accountable for sin. The fact that men continued to die from Adam to Moses establishes the truth that Adam's sin nature had a continuing effect on his posterity.
Imputed (1677) (ellogeo from en = in + logos = something said in the sense of account) was a technical Greek commercial term meaning to charge something to one's account.
In the only other NT use of ellogeo Paul writes that if Onesimus
has wronged you in any way, or owes you anything, charge that to my account (Philemon 18)
In other words, any loss suffered through the runaway Onesimus was to be charged to the apostle Paul's "charge account".
In the present context, Paul is saying that sin does not have the character of being a transgression apart from Law and therefore is not reckoned as such which is similar to what Paul wrote in Romans 4 explaining…
the Law brings about wrath, but where there is no law, neither is there violation ("transgression" in the KJV). (see note Romans 4:15)
Comment: Transgression (or "violation") means the violation of a known law. Paul does not say that where there is no law, there is no sin. An act can be inherently wrong even if there is no law against it. But it becomes transgression (Ed note: a crossing over the line so to speak) when a sign goes up saying “Speed Limit 20 MPH.” The Jews thought they inherited blessing through having the law, but all they inherited was transgression. God gave the law so that sin might be seen as transgression, or to put it another way, so that sin might be seen in all its sinfulness. He never intended it to be the way of salvation for sinful transgressors! (MacDonald) (See related topic Purpose of the Law = to reveal sin, to shut up all men under sin, to keep men in custody, to lead them to Christ.
So sin was in the world until the Law came. Paul has built this argument that no Jew can escape. If there is no Law, you are right: You can't charge it against someone's account. And yet there was sin in the world, and not only was there sin in the world, but there was death in the world and it reigned from Adam to Moses.
What is Paul saying? Paul is trying to drill home the point that
SIN is not what you DO
SIN is what you ARE
The Law comes and shows the evidence of it. The Law says in essence:
''Do you want to see if you are a sinner? Then here is the Law. Go ahead and try to obey it."
Why can't we obey? Because we have the Sin nature of Adam. Sin is not so much the activity. That's just the evidence of the Sin nature. Sin is the nature of every man born of Adam and you don't need Law to convict someone of that. There are many unsaved people who are living good, moral lives (maybe better than many born again believers) but they are still in Adam and bound for the Lake of fire. Remember that all mankind is either in Adam or in Christ, those in the latter group having been delivered out of Adam and the penalty (eternal death) and transferred into the body of Christ and His kingdom.
Morris sums up Romans 5:13 noting that it…
has been interpreted in two ways. It is possible to take it (as Hendriksen does) in the sense that it shows that there is a more comprehensive law than that of Moses. There is a law written on people’s hearts (see Romans 2:15-note). On biblical premises it can scarcely be denied that sin was reckoned to people and punished in the period between Adam and Moses, as the flood narrative, to name no other, plainly shows (Ge 6:5, 6, 7, 12, 13). The other is to point out that Paul is emphasizing what Adam did; he may thus mean that it was that one sin that brought death to all. It is objected that this requires the insertion of the words “in Adam”; to leave them out is to leave out what is crucial. Neither view can be said to be proved or to be impossible given our present state of knowledge, but perhaps the context points to the second. (Ibid)
Diplomatic Immunity - No charges were filed against an international diplomat who broke into a Bel-Air Estates home. The man drove through a security fence, kicked down a door, took some jewelry, and hit the homeowner with a glass. The intoxicated Consul General was handcuffed but later released because the victim declined to press charges. He could have been charged with a misdemeanor, but the international law of diplomatic immunity protected him.
All who have received Christ as Savior have a different kind of immunity. This exemption does not protect us from the courts of this world, but it does protect us from condemnation in the age to come (Ro 8:1-note, Ro 8:33-note). Our sin has consequences, but it does not disqualify us for entrance into heaven.
How should we respond to this legal reprieve? Should we think of Christ's forgiveness as a license to live a self-centered life? (Ro 6:12-note). Not if we believe what He says about the enslaving effects of sin (Ro 6:6-note). Not if we care about our own body and mind. Not if we care about those affected by our choices. Not if we care about the One who suffered for us.
The immunity Christ provides is for one purpose: to show how much God loves us, and to give us reason to live for Him and love Him forever. — Mart De Haan (Our Daily Bread, Copyright RBC Ministries, Grand Rapids, MI. Reprinted by permission. All rights reserved)
Rejoice, O soul, the debt is paid,
For all our sins on Christ were laid;
We've been redeemed, we're justified--
And all because the Savior died. --DJD
Through faith in Christ we receive God's pardon
and escape sin's penalty.
Sin (Hamartiology)
All Romans Resources
Romans 1:16-18 by Wayne Barber
The Romans Road to Salvation
Sermons on Romans-Robert Morgan
Romans 1:8-15 by Wayne Barber
Romans 1:1-7 by Brian Bill
Romans 1:1a by Wayne Barber
Romans 1:1b by Wayne Barber
Romans 1:2-7 by Wayne Barber
Romans 3:31-4:12
Romans 4:18 by Wayne Barber
Romans 4:13-18 by Brian Bill
Romans 5:3-5 Sermon-Wayne Barber
Romans 5:6-11 Sermon-Wayne Barber
Romans 5:12-14 Sermon-Wayne Barber
Romans 6:8-18 by Brian Bill
Romans 9:1-3 - The Attributes of God by Wayne Barber
Romans 10:1-10
Romans 12:1 by Brian Bill
Romans 14-15 Sermons - Brian Bill
Romans 14:22-15:3
Spurgeon on Romans-Pt1
Exposition of Romans-C H Spurgeon
Sermons by Brian Bill-2a
Romans Review 1-8 (Pt 1)
Romans Commentaries & Sermons
Romans 7-11 Devotionals & Sermon Illustrations
Romans 12-16 Devotionals & Sermon Illustrations
Romans Devotionals & Sermons Illustrations-Our Daily Bread
Romans Illustrations - 1
Romans 1-6 Devotionals & Sermon Illustrations
TOPIC: Sin (Hamartiology)
Deceitfulness of Sin
Little Foxes and Sin
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Democratic Republic of the Congo Map - Editable Map of Democratic Republic of the Congo - Template for PowerPoint
Premium PowerPoint Map of Democratic Republic of the Congo. This detailed PowerPoint Map Template shows Democratic Republic of the Congo states, biggest cities and the Democratic Republic of the Congo state capital. The Democratic Republic of the Congo PowerPoint Map is hand drawn and fully editable in size and color.
PremiumSlides Map Democratic Republic of the Congo
Details about Democratic Republic of the Congo Map - Editable Map of Democratic Republic of the Congo - Template for PowerPoint
Premium PowerPoint Map of Democratic Republic of the Congo. This detailed PowerPoint Map Template shows Democratic Republic of the Congo with states names and biggest cities including the Democratic Republic of the Congo capital.The Democratic Republic of the Congo PowerPoint Map is hand drawn and fully editable in size and color. Every state can be extracted simply.
Specific territories can be highlighted easily with just 2 clicks in PowerPoint. The extensive Map Guide, which is included in this package, shows the easy steps of adjusting the map to your needs.The Democratic Republic of the Congo Map Template is a great benefit for showing different kind of data (e.g. sales) in this country.
This Democratic Republic of the Congo PowerPoint Map comes in 8 different pre-designed colors and includes map marker icons as well.
The map template of Cote d'Ivoire includes the following states:
Bandundu, Bas-Congo, Équateur, Kasai-Occidental, Kasai-Oriental, Katanga, Kinshasa (city-province), Maniema, Nord-Kivu, Orientale, Sud-Kivu
Impressive features are shipped with this map template of Cote d'Ivoire
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These very detailed PowerPoint maps are totally editable in size and color. Any country, county or state (depending on the map) can be extracted or highlighted. Because of the excellent quality you can resize any map with no loss of quality. This is relevant if you want to print your PowerPoint Slides.
Up to 14 Multiple Color themes for Cote d'Ivoire are already included
There are up to 14 different color themes shipped with all this PremiumSlides map package. You can switch all colors of your map with just one simple click. This makes it painless to include maps in your own presentation. The colors have been selected to look great in combination. To making use of PremiumSlides Maps for PowerPoint you do not have to be a design expert to have great looking slides in your presentation.
Save a lot of time and select the countries with our comfortable Selection list tool. Click on the preferred country and color the shape with one click. All countries in the selection list are in alphabetical order and effortless to find. You can also select the state on your map, and the state wil be highlighted in the selection list. Many of our maps are delivered with a selection list. Please check product details. (Due to technical disadvantages of Microsoft Office for Mac, Selection Lists are only offered for PC.)
State and Cities are shown on Cote d'Ivoire PowerPoint Map
This PowerPoint map is delivered with state and capital name tags. All views are well structured. Country and city tags can be hidden with just one click if you prefer a blank map.
We certify that all our products work with Microsoft Office more recent than Office 2003. You can work with our maps and shapes not only in PowerPoint but likewise MS Word and MS Excel. All products even work on Office for Mac. Only the Selection list add on is not supported by Office for Mac. You do not need any new plugins or any other software! Just launch PowerPoint and work right away. You can download your bought map files and slides straight after purchase.
Facts and information about Cote d'Ivoire you can use in your presentation.
Cote d'Ivoire is often referred to as Republic of Cote d'Ivoire or simply Cote d'Ivoire. The locals also call the country Republique de Cote d'Ivoire or Cote d'Ivoire for short. Name reflects the intense ivory trade that took place in the region from the 15th to 17th centuries. The country's flag has the colors orange, white, green.
Geographic facts about Cote d'Ivoire
The country of Cote d'Ivoire lies 8 00 north and 5 00 west. The region has a total area of 322,463 sq km with a land coverage of 318,003 sq km. About 4,460 sq km is covered with water. Cote d'Ivoire has a total border lenght of 3,458 km and is bordered by the following 5 countries: Burkina Faso 545 km, Ghana 720 km, Guinea 816 km, Liberia 778 km, Mali 599 km. The lowest point is Gulf of Guinea 0 m below sea level and the highest is Monts Nimba 1,752 m. Its mean elevation is about 250 m. Yamoussoukro; note - although Yamoussoukro has been the official capital since 1983, Abidjan remains the commercial and administrative center; the US, like other countries, maintains its Embassy in Abidjan is the capital of Cote d'Ivoire and can be found 6 49 N, 5 16 W.
Population and life in Cote d'Ivoire
In July 2016 Cote d'Ivoire had a population of 23740424people. In 2015, 54.2% of the population lived in cities. The annual growth rate of urbanization is 3.69%. The residents of the country are called Ivoirian(s). The Ivoirian population has a median age of 20.7 years. The median age for males in 2016 was 20.8 years, and 20.6 years for females. The estimated growth rate of the Ivoirian population in 2016 was 1.88%. Looking at life expectancy, the Ivoirian people live an average of 58.7 years (males 57.5 years, females 59.9 years). Statistically, Ivoirian women give birth to 3.46 children in their lifetime.
Cote d'Ivoire and its economy
The estimated gross domestic product in 2015 was about $78.62 billion, with a growth rate of 8.6% compared to 2014 (GPD 2014: $72.39 billion, growth rate 7.9%; GPD 2013: $67.08 billion, growth rate 8.7%). The economic sectors of Cote d'Ivoire are: agriculture: 17.4%, industry: 20.3% and services: 62.2% (2015 est.). The country's economy is known for: foodstuffs, beverages; wood products, oil refining, gold mining, truck and bus assembly, textiles, fertilizer, building materials, electricity.
Electricity and internet infrastructure in Cote d'Ivoire
Only 26% (15 million) of the people living in Cote d'Ivoire had full access to electricity in 2013 (rural population: 8%; urban population: 42%). Among those 21% (July 2015 est.) or 4.892 million Ivoirians, had access to an internet connection.
Additional Information for Democratic Republic of the Congo Map - Editable Map of Democratic Republic of the Congo - Template for PowerPoint
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Home Celebrities MTV2 Greenlights Re-Imagination of Nick Cannon Presents Wild ‘N Out
MTV2 Greenlights Re-Imagination of Nick Cannon Presents Wild ‘N Out
Jane Boursaw
We love Nick Cannon in this house. He’s one of the reasons we watch America’s Got Talent. Love it when he gets involved with whatever act is currently on stage.
From 2005 to 2007, he had a sketch comedy and improve show called Nick Cannon Presents Wild ‘N Out, and now it’s coming back on MTV2.
The show is set to debut in 2013 and embark on a search for the next generation of comedic stars, while bringing back some familiar faces from past seasons.
Aspiring comedians can head to http://NCredible.com for casting and open audition information.
The original show featured two teams of up-and-coming comics and celebrity guests who go head-to-head in a series of “improv battles.” The Cannon created, produced and hosted show became one of MTV’s highest rated shows in the network’s history, airing new episodes for four consecutive seasons with A-list guests like Tyra Banks, Kanye West, Snoop Dogg, Lil’ Wayne, Serena Williams and others.
“I get asked every day when ‘Wild ‘N Out’ will be back,” says Nick Cannon, CEO of NCredible Entertainment, in a press release. “I’m thrilled to announce that the show will be making its long awaited return very soon — bigger and better. With our show’s original cast, everyone from Kevin Hart to Katt Williams, Affion Crocckett and Taran Killam becoming household names, I am looking forward to working with MTV2 as we work to introduce the biggest comedic stars of tomorrow with the return of Wild ‘N Out.”
MTV2 — MTV’s sister brother site — targets young men with smart, funny and relevant content, including music, comedic and action-oriented original programming such as Guy Code, Nitro Circus Live, The DUB Magazine Project, Hip Hop Squares and The Week in Jams.
Follow @NickCannon on Twitter. Oh, and then there’s this photo, which I love (in case you didn’t know, he’s married to Mariah Carey)…
nick cannon presents wild n out
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https://www.reellifewithjane.com
Jane Boursaw is the founder and editor-in-chief of Reel Life With Jane. Her credits include hundreds of print and online publications, including The New York Times, People Magazine, Variety, Moviefone, TV Squad and more. Follow her on Twitter at @reellifejane.
Will Ferrell’s ‘LA to Vegas’: A Fun TV Show Gone Too Soon
2018 Book Expo & Book Con Bring Out the Stars
Blue Ivy: The Style of Beyonce’s Daughter
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August 19, 2009 / 12:36 AM / in 10 years
Cannabis chemicals may help fight prostate cancer
Ben Hirschler
LONDON (Reuters) - Chemicals in cannabis have been found to stop prostate cancer cells from growing in the laboratory, suggesting that cannabis-based medicines could one day help fight the disease, scientists said Wednesday.
A marijuana plant is shown at Oaksterdam University, a trade school for the cannabis industry, in Oakland, California July 23, 2009. REUTERS/Robert Galbraith
After working initially with human cancer cell lines, Ines Diaz-Laviada and colleagues from the University of Alcala in Madrid also tested one compound on mice and discovered it produced a significant reduction in tumor growth.
Their research, published in the British Journal of Cancer, underlines the growing interest in the medical use of active chemicals called cannabinoids, which are found in marijuana.
Experts, however, stressed that the research was still exploratory and many more years of testing would be needed to work out how to apply the findings to the treatment of cancer in humans.
“This is interesting research which opens a new avenue to explore potential drug targets but it is at a very early stage,” said Lesley Walker, director of cancer information at Cancer Research UK, which owns the journal.
“It absolutely isn’t the case that men might be able to fight prostate cancer by smoking cannabis,” she added
The cannabinoids tested by the Spanish team are thought to work against prostate cancer because they block a receptor, or molecular doorway, on the surface of tumour cells. This stops them from dividing.
In effect, the cancer cell receptors can recognize and “talk to” chemicals found in cannabis, said Diaz-Laviada.
“These chemicals can stop the division and growth of prostate cancer cells and could become a target for new research into potential drugs to treat prostate cancer,” she said.
Her team’s work with two cannabinoids — called methanandamide and JWH-015 — is the first demonstration that such cannabis chemicals prevent cancer cells from multiplying.
Some drug companies are already exploring the possibilities of cannabinoids in cancer, including British-based cannabis medicine specialist GW Pharmaceuticals.
It is collaborating with Japan’s Otsuka on early-stage research into using cannabis extracts to tackle prostate cancer — the most commonly diagnosed cancer in men — as well as breast and brain cancer.
GW has already developed an under-the-tongue spray called Sativex for the relief of some of the symptoms of multiple sclerosis, which it plans to market in Europe with Bayer and Almirall.
Other attempts to exploit the cannibinoid system have met with mixed success. Sanofi-Aventis was forced to withdraw its weight-loss drug Acomplia from the market last year because of links to mental disorders.
Editing by Simon Jessop
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Noxsano’s Innovative Approach to Preventing Amputation
#Startup Buzz Posted 11/2/2017 by Wayne Embree
The Columbus-based startup, Noxsano is a reminder that not all medical technology comes from state-of-the-art laboratories in large research institutions. Like Microsoft and Hewlett Packard, the technology at the core of Noxsano was born in a garage.
“Two colleagues and I developed the idea ourselves,” said Alan Willey, founder and CEO, “and yes, we did the initial work literally in my garage.”
Today, Noxsano has established a laboratory and headquarters at Rev1. “We are excited,” Willey said, “to be with a proven startup partner and to be part of the expanding biotechnology landscape in Ohio.
Electrochemical approach to healing chronic wounds
Chronic wounds are a huge health issue, affecting around 6.5 million patients in the U.S. More than 80,000 amputations every year are due to foot ulcers alone.
Chronic wounds, such as bedsores or diabetic ulcers, can take months or even years to heal.
“The reason for that,” Willey said, “is that they are dysfunctional for nitric oxide (NO). Nitric oxide is a very interesting molecule in that it used to control multiple biological processes.”
One of those processes is wound healing. All stages of wound healing utilize this one material. When the healing process is working properly, the body sends a high level of nitric oxide to the wound site to break up and kill bacteria. Then the supply of NO subsides as new tissue grows and the wound heals.
You might think that a resolution to chronic wounds would be to deliver nitric oxide to the wound site. It’s not so easy as that. NO is very short-lived and hard to control.
“Nitric oxide is a gas,” Willey said. “It’s an unstable molecule, even in water or air, and has a lifespan of literally a few seconds; it’s transported in large cylinders, and even with an open wound, it’s not easy to figure out how you could use the gas, it’s so difficult to control.”
Noxsano’s proprietary technology uses an electrochemical approach to generate nitric oxide in-situ and deliver controlled, localized doses of this wound repairing molecule to the wound site using a small, easy to operate device paired with a topically applied wound salve.
“It looks like a band-aid,” Willey said. “You put it on the wound and can leave it there for days or even weeks. It will operate manually, or we can program it to mimic the proper nitric oxide profile. Based on the patient’s healing, we can change the rate of nitric oxide to the wound environment. We all have the same processes, but that doesn’t mean that every person’s manifestation is identical.”
Tackling healthcare system hurdles
Noxsano is in early testing. “The technical challenge is to prove that we can deliver the NO profile not from the inside but from the outside,” he said. “How does the human biology deal with transfer of NO into the wound from an exogenous source. The last 10 years of research shows that if we can deliver the NO correctly, it will improve wound healing.”
Dealing with the FDA and the insurance system can be more of a hurdle. “One of the biggest challenges is in positioning this solution within the U.S. healthcare system to qualify for Medicare and Medicaid reimbursement,” Willey said.
Although Noxsano founders live in Cincinnati, the founders chose to base their business at Rev1.
“Headquartering Noxsano in Columbus says how much we value Rev1,” Willey said. “We are naturally cautious scientists, and connected with Ray Shealy at SafeWhite to look at our pitch deck and idea. Ray introduced us to Rev1. The support that exists at Rev1 in terms of connections and expert networks was completely compelling to us. It’s a 100-mile commute one way, 200 miles every day I go to the office. But it’s completely worth it. They are an outstanding place for us to be. The great facilities and support they give us have been phenomenal. They are clearly on a mission to create startups and grow companies in Ohio. There is a zeal.”
Willey is a research scientist. As a corporate researcher for Procter & Gamble, over his career, he worked in many of the firm’s different lines of business. He is a champion for more product-based startups that develop intellectual property and build and ship products all over the world. “These types of businesses can provide good jobs and build Ohio’s economy,” he said.
Would you like to learn about the Rev1 location and services that are helping Noxsano meet milestones? Contact us here.
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Second Offense DUI Rhode Island
Home > Rhode Island Attorney Blog > 2010 > November > Second Offense DUI Rhode Island
As reported by Bryan Rourke in the November 19, 2010 edition of the Providence Journal, an East Providence man has been charged with driving under the influence ("DUI") for the second time in as many weeks. The man was initially arrested by the Coventry Police Department and charged with DUI. His second DUI arrest was with the East Providence Police Department.
Rhode Island has a five (5) year look back with DUI and refusal to submit to a chemical test ("Refusal") charges, meaning if you have been convicted for more than one DUI or Refusal in a five (5) year period, you will face enhanced penalties. Pursuant to Rhode Island General Law 31-27-2, the penalties for a second DUI are as follows:
Every person convicted of a second violation within a five (5) year period with a blood alcohol concentration of eight one-hundredths of one percent (.08%) or above but less than fifteen hundredths of one percent (.15%) or whose blood alcohol concentration is unknown or who has a blood presence of any controlled substance as defined in subdivision (b)(2), and every person convicted of a second violation within a five (5) year period regardless of whether the prior violation and subsequent conviction was a violation and subsequent conviction under this statute or under the driving under the influence of liquor or drugs statute of any other state, shall be subject to a mandatory fine of four hundred dollars ($400). The person's driving license shall be suspended for a period of one year to two (2) years, and the individual shall be sentenced to not less than ten (10) days nor more than one year in jail. The sentence may be served in any unit of the adult correctional institutions in the discretion of the sentencing judge; however, not less than forty-eight (48) hours of imprisonment shall be served consecutively. The sentencing judge shall require alcohol or drug treatment for the individual, and may prohibit that person from operating a motor vehicle that is not equipped with an ignition interlock system for a period of one year to two (2) years.
Pursuant to Rhode Island General Laws 31-27-2.1, the penalties for a second Refusal are as follows:
Every person convicted for a second violation within a five (5) year period shall be guilty of a misdemeanor, shall be imprisoned for not more than six (6) months and shall pay a fine in the amount of six hundred dollars ($600) to one thousand dollars ($1,000), order the person to perform sixty (60) to one hundred (100) hours of public community restitution, and the person's driving license in this state shall be suspended for a period of one year to two (2) years. The judge shall require alcohol and/or drug treatment for the individual.
If you or a family member has been charged with drunk driving, refusal to submit to a chemical test, or other alcohol related offenses, please allow Attorney Robert H. Humphrey's reputation, experience and skill to successfully guide you through the legal process. Contact Robert H. Humphrey at 401-816-5862 or e-mail him at rhh@rhumphreylaw.com.
Refusal Lawyer
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Rock & Roll Hall of Fame Announces New Scholarship, Kicks-Off Inductions with Richie Sambora
The Rock & Roll Hall of Fame Kicked-Off the 2018 Induction Celebration with a gift back to students.
Rock Hall CEO Greg Harris and 2018 Rock & Roll Hall of Fame Inductee Richie Sambora (Bon Jovi) announced that a portion of the proceeds from the 2018 Rock & Roll Hall of Fame Inductions will go to establish a Rock & Roll Hall of Fame Scholarship at Cuyahoga Community College.
“We see amazing creativity on display at the Rock & Roll Hall of Fame Induction and on Celebration Day,” said Harris. “The Induction events generate so much for our region and now some of those proceeds will go straight to students. We’re honored to engage, teach and inspire through the power of rock and roll and create these scholarships to support the next generation of artists.”
The renewable, three-year scholarship will provide financial support to two students. Full-time students enrolled in any Creative Arts-related coursework at Cuyahoga Community College with a GPA of 2.5 or higher are eligible. The scholarship will be administered by Cuyahoga Community College. Recipients will be selected by August 2018.
The Rock Hall also made a gift to the Myers Student Emergency Fund at Tri-C that provides support to students experiencing unforeseen financial challenges that affect their ability to continue their studies.
Today’s Celebration Day kicked-off the 2018 Rock & Roll Hall of Fame festivities with live music, film screenings, family activities, free admission and a performance by 2018 Inductee Richie Sambora and Orianthi. Celebration Day also gave fans the first look at the dramatic new Hall of Fame, part of a multi-year, multimillion dollar transformation of the visitor experience at the Museum.
The return of the ceremony to Cleveland is possible with the generous support from sponsors and supporters, including PNC Bank, Destination Cleveland, City of Cleveland, the State of Ohio, The George Gund Foundation, Medical Mutual of Ohio, Greater Cleveland Partnership, Downtown Cleveland Alliance and many other generous supporters.
Make your travel reservations for Induction Week now at rockhall.com. Purchase your Rock Hall admission tickets in advance online at rockhall.com and save.
About the Rock & Roll Hall of Fame
Rock Connects Us. Our mission is clear: To engage, teach and inspire through the power of rock and roll. We share stories of the people, events and songs that shape our world through exhibits, innovative programs and concerts. Join the millions who love it as much as you do. Experience us live or online – Visit rockhall.com or Facebook, Twitter (@rockhall) and Instagram (@rockhall). Long Live Rock!
For Induction Week details visit rockhall.com. Live broadcast opportunities available to the Museum, including radio studio rental, curator interviews, and more!
Shauna Wilson, 216.515.1215, [email protected]
Carl Harp, 216.515.1503, [email protected]
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Ashley Batz/Romper
Can I Really Have One Glass Of Wine When I'm Pregnant? Experts Weigh In
By Candace Ganger
Pregnant moms know how to sacrifice. An journey of constant adjustment begins the moment that pee stick turns positive. You give up the comfort of feeling at home in your own body, certain favorite foods, and, if you imbibe, your favorite alcoholic nightcap. While all those adjustments are temporary, they can also feel overwhelming. So if you've asked yourself, "Can I really have one glass of wine when I'm pregnant?" know that you're not some "bad mom" or "horrible person" for asking. Plus, there's a lot of conflicting information out there, so asking what's "allowed" and what isn't is just necessary at this point.
Scouring the web, you'll likely find a slew of opinions, each more contradictory than the last. There are moms who openly admit to drinking while pregnant, others who say they'll have a glass or two, sparingly and in private, and plenty of moms who refuse even a sip of alcohol during the entire 40 (more or less) weeks of pregnancy. The confusion might be the result of a 2013 study via BMJ Open, which claimed moderate drinking during pregnancy wasn't harmful and, in fact, could help a fetus' brain develop.
Another study in Alcohol and Alcoholism stated a single glass of wine per week might contribute to better mental health in kids. It's best to refrain from pouring that glass of red just yet, though.
The American Pregnancy Association (APA), however, advises a zero-tolerance policy when it comes to alcohol and pregnancy. The APA adds that prenatal exposure to alcohol is the "leading cause of birth defects and intellectual and neurodevelopmental disabilities in children." A report published in Pediatrics urges pregnant women to refrain from any alcohol, even one glass of wine, saying it's unsafe during any trimester.
Dr. Michael Charness M.D., a neurologist and the scientific director of the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA)'s Collaborative Initiative on Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders, agrees with the APA, citing that while there's plenty of evidence showing the potential consequences of drinking while pregnant — such as Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders — not enough data exists to prove drinking during pregnancy won't cause harm.
The Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) also concurs with the aforementioned APA recommendation, saying:
"There is no known safe amount of alcohol use during pregnancy or while trying to get pregnant. There is also no safe time during pregnancy to drink. All types of alcohol are equally harmful, including all wines and beer. When a pregnant woman drinks alcohol, so does her baby."
When it comes to drinking one glass of wine, the APA and CDC are clear: it's not safe. The contradictory recommendations can still be confusing, though, so when in doubt it's best to speak with your OB-GYN and/or other health care professional. Just like any other decision you'll inevitably make as a new parent, the best you can do is listen to the experts, consult with doctors, weigh the pros and cons, and make the best decision for yourself and your family.
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William MacLeod Raine
Western short stories Bio. of William MacLeod Raine
William MacLeod Raine was born in London, the son of William and Jessie Raine. After his mother died, his family migrated from England to Arkansas when Raine was ten years old, eventually settling on a cattle ranch near the Texas-Arkansas border. In 1894, after graduating from Oberlin College, Raine left Arkansas and headed for the western U.S. He became the principal of a school in Seattle while contributing columns to a local newspaper. Later he moved to Denver, where he worked as a reporter and editorial writer for local periodicals.
At this time he began to publish short stories, eventually becoming a full-time free-lance fiction writer, and finally finding his literary home in the novel. His earliest novels were romantic histories taking place in the English countryside. However, after spending some time with the Arizona Rangers, Raine shifted his literary focus and began to utilize the American West as a setting.
Raine died on July 25, 1954, and is buried at Fairmount Cemetery in Denver.
He was posthumously inducted into the Hall of Great Westerners of the National Cowboy and Western Heritage Museum in 1959.
On the Long Overland Trail
Withrow, sitting his saddle loosely with the plainman’s easy seat, let his quiet gray eyes sweep the irregular, shifting line of restless broncos. Tough as whalebone, they were built for hard pounding, and showed to the experienced eye stamina in every line. The riders, too, tanned and weather-beaten to a leathery brown, wore the sign manual of the West. Most of them offered no picturesqueness of costuming, but they were fit to the minute for the six-hundred-mile race before them.
The starter’s strident voice cut into the kaleidoscope of dusty animation as the nervous ponies were being maneuvered for position.
“Are you ready, gentlemen?” Read the full story HERE>>
The Sheriff's Daughter
He stood on the threshold of the open door, breathing deeply but quietly, muscles tense, and hard eyes alert. That he was a hunted man was clear. The haggard face, the cactus-shredded and adobe-spattered clothing, the wary glitter under the narrowed eyelids, all contributed to this assurance. But there was some dynamic quality of force in him that forbade any impression of helplessness. In desperate plight he might be, but he was still quite cool and master of himself. Read the full story HERE>>
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Manus Island class action to be live-streamed in landmark decision
Posted on 10 Apr. 2017
Lawyers representing Manus Island detainees in a class action have welcomed a landmark decision by the Victorian Supreme Court to live-stream the upcoming trial to a global audience.
The Court specifically recognised live-streaming was necessary to ensure access to justice for the significant proportion of group members who had no prospect of attending the hearing in person.
Slater and Gordon Practice Group Leader Rory Walsh said the Court rejected applications to oppose and restrict access to live-streaming.
“The Commonwealth originally opposed live-streaming proceedings completely, even to group members for whom it would be impossible to attend,” Mr Walsh said.
“They later changed their position, arguing access to the stream should not be available to the general public, but instead should be restricted to the group members.
“The Supreme Court rejected this approach, citing the high degree of public interest, which extends well beyond those who live in Victoria.
“We were not surprised the Commonwealth opposed this approach, but we are heartened that the treatment of group members at the Manus Detention Centre will now be properly tested in an Australian Court in an open and publicly accessible manner.”
Mr Walsh said this is believed to be an Australian first.
“As far as we’re aware, this is the first time Australian Court proceedings will be streamed overseas,” Mr Walsh said.
“The potential size of the class is 1,905 people, the majority of whom (approximately 1,500) are either overseas or still in detention either on Manus Island or in Australia.
In numbers: The pursuit of justice on Manus Island
Five parties including the plaintiff, three defendants (the Commonwealth, G4S, Broadspectrum) and third party (Wilson Security).
1,905 group members, covering the overwhelming majority of people detained on Manus Island since 2012.
More than 200,000 documents discovered during proceedings.
104 witness outlines, including 71 filed by the plaintiff and 33 filed by the defendants and third party. Witnesses include detainees currently being held on Manus Island; detainees who were previously held on Manus Island; detainees who were sent to Australia for medical treatment; doctors who worked at the detention centre; security workers; and social workers.
28 expert reports from doctors; psychiatrists; psychologists; security experts; prison inspectors; and prison infrastructure experts.
An estimated 6 to 7 month trial scheduled to start on 15 May 2017.
"This case will be the largest and most forensic public examination of the events and conditions at the Manus Island Detention centre, which have been shrouded in secrecy until now."
“Live-streaming the trial online means these group members and the general public will be able to view the proceedings that will affect and may finally determine the rights of these detainees.
“We are prepared for a long trial and have fought hard to overcome numerous legal hurdles to ensure the evidence of whistleblowers, experts and, most importantly, the detainees will be heard.”
Background information: Manus Island class action
The class action will be the first of its kind to be heard by an Australian court and will be the largest ever public examination of conditions and events at the Manus Island detention centre. It was commenced by Slater and Gordon in December 2014 and goes to trial on 15 May 2017.
The case is being run on behalf of 1,905 detainees who have been held at the Manus Island centre since 2012. The lead plaintiff is Iranian-born Majid Kamasaee, who was detained at the Manus Island Centre for a number of years.
The defendants to the proceeding are the Commonwealth and its contracted service providers G4S and Broadspectrum (formerly known as Transfield). The security provider Wilson Security has been separately joined to the proceedings by G4S and Broadspectrum.
The plaintiff alleges that detainees suffered serious physical and psychological injuries as a result of the conditions in which they were held on Manus Island between November 2012 and 19 December 2014. That period included the February 2014 riots, in which one detainee was killed and many more seriously injured.
Group members are also seeking damages in this proceeding for false imprisonment following the decision of the PNG Supreme Court that their detention was unconstitutional.
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MAMAMOO Talks Honestly About Their Contracts And Dreams For The Future
by S. Park
MAMAMOO emphasized their unity as a team on “Ask Us Anything.”
On the April 20 broadcast, the cast pointed out that MAMAMOO was already in their sixth year of promotions and asked, “Aren’t contracts usually seven years long?”
Hwasa replied, “We have about two years, specifically a year and a half, left.” Lee Soo Geun commented, “You guys are going to be together forever anyway,” and Hwasa said, “That’s right. We’re one.”
When Kang Ho Dong asked if they feel stressed due to their popularity and how they handle stress, Solar answered, “I clean at home or dance,” before showing her freestyle dancing.
The MAMAMOO members also discussed their goals and dreams. After revealing that becoming an adventurer was her childhood dream, Wheein explained, “I want to travel a lot without being limited by anything. I want to [travel] alone, but don’t have the courage do so yet. We’re planning a trip to the Maldives in honor of our fifth debut anniversary.”
Moonbyul said that being a wealthy person was her dream. “I have a lot of love for my family, so I have a tattoo of my family on my arm,” said the idol. “It’s my dream to build a single-family home for my parents.” When the cast asked, “Aren’t you able to do that now?” she replied, “I think I’m going to have to work a little bit harder. I want my mom and dad to live for a long time.”
Hwasa also revealed her dream of bathing with the person she loves every night. She said, “My parents have a good relationship. I thought all married couples were like that, so I want to live life that way when I get older.”
“Ask Us Anything” airs on Saturdays at 9 p.m. KST. Check out a full episode with English subtitles below!
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You had your chance, Lance.
I will start by saying that it would be difficult for me to care less about sports. I did , once upon a time, root for the Denver Broncos but it was basically because I had a crush on John Elway. I also, from time to time, took some interest in the winter Olympics but that is probably because I have a thing for snow. I can’t remember the last football, baseball or basketball game I watched. Same for tennis, golf and bowling, although there is some grumbling out there that the latter two aren’t even a sport.
However, I did pay attention to the career of Lance Armstrong after reading his book, “It’s Not About the Bike.” Supposedly the reasons he was able to excel at his sport were (1) his oversized heart beats extremely fast and thus pumps an extraordinarily large volume of blood and oxygen to his legs; (2) his VO2 max, which measures the maximum amount of oxygen your lungs can take in, is much higher than the average person; and (3) the low lactic production, since Lance’s muscles produce about half as much acid as the average person’s muscles do when they get fatigued, it allows him to recover much faster than other people. Made sense to me. Yep, I swallowed it hook, line and sinker. I know. How naive could I be?
When a group of people got together and claimed the Lance had used drugs, I simply wasn’t buying it. Although there were those who said that a group would not make this up, I thought it was sour grapes and they were just saying it to bring him down. Also, it reminded me of the conclusion of “Murder on the Orient Express.” If you’ve seen it, hopefully, you will make the connection. If not, watch the movie. Even if you “don’t get it”, you’ll still have watched a great movie. And this from someone who sees maybe one movie every five years.
Now, Lance has come forth in an interview with Oprah Winfrey saying that he engaged in doping. I have two very big problems with this confession.
First, he said that he did it to level the playing field. In other words, he did it because everyone else was doing it. What?! Isn’t that something a teenager tells his or her parents as justification for doing something stupid? Isn’t the usual response something like, “if everyone was jumping off a cliff, would you? What are you? A lemming?” (I know that’s a myth but it fits my purpose).
Second, he essentially said that what drove him to confess was he saw his oldest son defending him about his use of performance-enhancing drugs and he did not want to continue to lie to his children. In other words, he is saying that he felt bad about lying to his children so that was why he finally confessed. Not that he needed to do the right thing and confess to all of the people he lied to; the ones he had insulted by calling them liars; the ones he had cheated out of their trophies. No, he confessed because he wanted to make himself feel better.
Do I sound irked? Um, yeah, I am. I don’t like being duped, and I wasted my money to buy his book in…. HARDCOVER! The only thing that book is good for is to be recycled. I would burn it but that would be a waste of paper. Of course, I could always mail it to Australia. I heard that the libraries there are shelving it in the fiction section.
The one good thing that did come out of his career was Livestrong cancer foundation. I understand that it has helped many people with cancer and, unless it’s done something wrong, it should not be punished for Lance’s actions.
Other than his former sponsors, who I understand doled out a few bucks in supporting him, the ones I am thinking about are the cyclists who came in second, third and fourth. Putting aside whether they were doping or not and, just for fun, let’s think they didn’t, they were cheated out of being on that podium. Sure, they could be given a trophy now; their names put on plaques saying that they won; go through a ceremony where they would be honored. However, that is chump change. They have been forever cheated out of that moment when it could have been their time to shine rather than seeing the fool’s gold that actually got the limelight.
Since I think my two cents are worth as much as anyone else’s, I think he had his chance to come clean. Actually, he had many chances over the years to do the right thing. You can say “it’s never too late” or “better late than never.” However, I’m going for “too little, too late.”
**No portion of this Blog is intended to constitute legal advice. The views expressed are solely those of the author.
Posted in: Humor
Tagged: It's Not About the Bike: My Journey Back to Life, Lance Armstrong and Use of performance-enhancing drugs in sport
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Friday Challenge # 103 - work
I am curious about your work-life... not so much WHAT you do, but WHERE and HOW you do it....
You ever hear that saying: I wanted to work for myself so I quit my 40 hour/week job to work 100 hours/week? Well, it's true! But it doesn't feel like work so much... it feels more like fun!
So please, tell us about your work situation in stories, photos, and videos.
Support the game by donating here.
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Community-Based Health Center and Immigrants Rights Groups Strongly Condemn Proposed “Public Charge” Rule
Today, Lawyers for Civil Rights (LCR) submitted comments opposing the Trump Administration’s proposed rule improperly expanding the definition of “public charge” to deny immigration protection to those seeking legal permanent residence and other relief. The comments were joined by:
MGH—Chelsea HealthCare CenterBrazilian Worker Center;Chelsea Collaborative;East Boston Ecumenical Community Council (EBECC);Hyde Square Task Force;Inquilinos Boricuas en Acción Boston (IBA);
Justice at Work; and
Sociedad Latina.
The proposed rule will render thousands of immigrants—most of them people of color—ineligible for immigration protection. In so doing, the Trump Administration will change the face and demographic composition of legal immigration and accomplish one of its most insidious and hateful goals: reducing the number of family-sponsored immigrants of color from Africa, Asia, and Latin America, and increasing the number of white, wealthy immigrants from Canada and Europe.
“The proposed policy is unconstitutional because the federal government is using public assistance as a proxy for race,” said Ivan Espinoza-Madrigal, Executive Director of LCR. “It will also create an unprecedented financial litmus test to qualify for immigration protection and relief. Never before have green cards been available only to the highest bidders. This is far beyond anything contemplated by Congress and the American people.”
Under the guise of promoting “self-sufficiency,” the U.S. Department of Homeland Security (DHS) will find applicants who receive life-saving public benefits—including nonemergency Medicaid, Section 8 housing assistance, and food stamps—inadmissible to the United States as “public charges.”
“The idea that penalizing use of the social safety net will make non-citizens—many of whom are heads of household and workers—more self-sufficient is simply wrong,” said Lauren Sampson, Civil Rights Fellow at LCR. “DHS ignores the fact that the vast majority of enrollees in public assistance programs are employed, and that many non-citizens who already live and work in the United States are paying state, local, and federal taxes that prop up these public programs.”
It is cruel and un-American to force non-citizen families to choose between access to life-saving benefits and immigration relief. But the Trump Administration has openly celebrated the possibility that non-citizens will leave these programs, despite the catastrophic effect disenrollment would have on the country’s healthcare, educational, and employment costs.
Because of the devastating impact upon communities of color, as well as the costs to the U.S. as a whole, LCR urges DHS to abandon this discriminatory, irrational, and cruel policy.
Lawyers for Civil Rights, BOS
Iván Espinoza-Madrigal, Esq.
Tiffany Yancey December 5, 2018
Felicidades to our Board Member, Elaine Ng!
Tiffany Yancey December 10, 2018
Sociedad Latina Awarded Wellington Catalyst Gift!
Tiffany Yancey November 6, 2018
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Ontario Adoption Lawyers
We Can Help You Navigate the Adoption Process
Adoption is a selfless and wonderful act. However, it is also a legal process that must be handled properly in accordance with all applicable laws. Feldstein Family Law Group P.C. is here to help with your adoption. We can help you navigate this complex process while protecting your rights and working toward a swift and positive result. Our Ontario adoption lawyers understand how important this matter is to you and will provide personal attention and caring service every step of the way.
There are four distinctive routes by which children may be adopted in Ontario. The first, and the one we handle, is by a step-parent or other relative.
For more information on adoption and to discover how our firm can assist you, call (905) 581-7222 for a free consultation.
Step-Parent Adoption in Ontario
The most common request respecting adoption matters, dealt with by our firm, are requests for adoption by step-parents. This court-ordered procedure is set out more closely below. If you are interested in any of the other means of adoption, relevant information may be found at the government of Ontario website by clicking here.
As suggested by its name, a step-parent adoption involves an application made individually by the spouse of the child’s parent or jointly with the child’s parent under the Child and Family Services Act to either the Ontario Court of Justice or the Family Court of the Superior Court of Justice for an order for adoption. The definition of spouse employed in the legislation is based on the Human Rights Code and includes married partners and partners living in a conjugal relationship whether of the same-sex or opposite sex. Both the applicant and the adoptee must be residents of Ontario for the court to make an order. According to the legislation, a child is defined as a person under 18 years of age; however orders may be made in respect of individuals 18 years and older.
The overarching concern the court faces in making the adoption order is that the best interests of the child be met. Thus, a court will take into consideration aspects such as the emotional, physical, and mental needs of the child, the child’s wishes (if these can be ascertained), and the child’s religious and cultural background. Particular attention is afforded the cultural identity of children who are Indian or native persons.
A critical element in the adoption process is the presence of consent to the adoption by the persons affected. Thus, an adoption order will not be made without the written consent of every parent, the child, if seven years or older, and the spouse of the person applying. A parent’s consent cannot be given within the first week of the child’s birth. The legislation allows a person who has previously given consent to withdraw it within 21 days, a period that may be extended if the court finds it to be in the child’s best interests. Although the consent of every parent is generally sought prior to an adoption order being granted, the court will dispense with consent where it is in the best interest of the child to do so and the person, whose consent has been sought, has received notice of the adoption and the application to dispense with consent.
The court will hold a hearing before issuing an order. These are private and will be held in the county or district wherein the applicant or child resides. If a person has given consent or has had his or her consent dispensed with, no notice of the hearing will be given to this person.
One the court issues an adoption order, it is final. The adopted child then becomes the child of the applicant, and the applicant becomes the legal parent of the child. Indeed, the statute describes the new relationship as “as if the adopted child had been born to the adoptive parent.” The significance of this new status is marked – a court is prohibited thereafter from making an order for access to the adopted child for a birth parent or member of the birth parent’s family.
Free Consultation with an Ontario Adoption Lawyer
The adoption process can present challenges, but Feldstein Family Law Group P.C. can guide you through. Our Ontario adoption lawyers are experienced, skilled, and dedicated to helping you accomplish your goals. We welcome you to call our firm for a free consultation, at which point we can talk to you about your unique situation and how we can help.
Call (905) 581-7222 today to learn more about our adoption services. We proudly serve all of Ontario, including Mississauga, Vaughan, Oakville, and Markham.
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https://www.sfgate.com/technology/businessinsider/article/David-Tisch-Is-Leaving-His-Day-To-Day-Role-At-3796590.php
David Tisch Is Leaving His Day To Day Role At TechStars New York
Alyson Shontell, provided by
Published 2:01 pm PDT, Friday, August 17, 2012
David Tisch is leaving his day to day role as Managing Director of the TechStars New York program he cofounded with David Cohen.
"I've been doing this for 2 years and three programs. There's some amazing traction and I want to go do something else," he told us over the phone.
"The program is in a great place. It's at a point of stability and it will continue running smoothly," he says.
Tisch doesn't know who will replace him, but he says he's "sure Techstars will find the right person." He'll continue to be involved as both an investor and mentor to the startups that go through the accelerator program.
When we asked if he'd be founding a company of his own or stick to investing Tisch replied, "I'm exploring all options. I love investing and working with companies and I think TechStars brought a brilliant blend of those things together." He says he'll continue to invest through his seed stage firm, BoxGroup.
"This is for me to do my own thing and figure out what's next."
Here's the post Tisch just published about his new adventure:
The last two years building and leading the TechStars NYC program have been an incredible time in my life. However, as with most journeys, the time has come for me to move on to the next challenge and take a step back from my day-to-day role as Managing Director of the TechStars NYC program. Today, I am proud to reflect on the community that we have developed and the momentum that the program has. So with a deep level of appreciation for the experience and sense of pride, I have chosen to take this less-active role to focus on starting and building new projects. I will continue to be actively involved in TechStars NYC, as a Co-Founder, investor, mentor, and participant in the company-selection process. I embark on this new path knowing that Techstars NYC stands on a strong foundation and excited and ready to create something new.
We launched TechStars NYC with the goal of enriching the New York City entrepreneurial ecosystem; tapping into the rich resources and energy of NYC and galvanizing the community through mentorship. We selected a small group of outstanding Founders with visions to disrupt whole industries and social norms. I’m extremely impressed with the quality of companies we have backed and the community we’ve created. TechStars NYC is the preeminent accelerator program in NYC with outstanding mentors, superb investors, a fantastic office, and a group of alumni founders building great companies. For any company looking to accelerate, TechStars NYC is the right place to do it.
Over the course of three programs, we funded 36 companies that moved into our office and made incredible product and business progress through their hard work. 34 of those companies are active, and they have raised over $50mm in follow-on capital and employ over 200 people. I am humbled to have worked with so many talented founders and continue to learn a tremendous amount from each and every company. I am looking forward to seeing many of these companies emerge as huge businesses over the next few years.
I am incredibly grateful to David Cohen and Brad Feld for giving me the opportunity to build this program and for their mentorship. I’d also like to express my gratitude to the mentors who have worked with TechStars NYC companies with dedication and genuine enthusiasm. TechStars’ investors, staff, and sponsors have provided tremendous support. A special thank you to Adam Rothenberg, the Director of the TechStars NYC program, who has been with me since day 1 when we opened our doors and started this journey – thank you!
I will continue to angel invest in early stage companies through BoxGroup and am excited to share more about what is next shortly. Stay tuned…
Please follow Business Insider on Twitter and Facebook.
Join the conversation about this story »
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Sportscasting | Pure Sports
Motobiscuit
The Cheat Sheet
Home NFL
Breaking Down the First Round Quarterback Draft Picks Since 2009
by Jimmie Kayloron October 15, 2014 October 15, 2014
Al Bello/Getty Images
Quarterback is the most important individual position in the NFL. The 2013 Seattle Seahawks proved that a dominating defense can lead the way to a Super Bowl title, but their quarterback, Russell Wilson, is proving he is far more than just a game manager. In fact, you would have to look back all the way to the Tampa Bay Buccaneers Super Bowl XXXVII winning team to find a Super Bowl champion that wasn’t led by a franchise quarterback. Furthermore, 20 of the last 22 Super Bowl winning teams were lead by franchise quarterbacks. Given these overwhelming statistics, it should come as no surprise that the quarterback position is a major emphasis in the NFL Draft league-wide.
Since the 2009 NFL Draft, 17 quarterbacks have been taken in the first round. Given the importance of quarterback play and the emphasis coaching and player personnel staffs place on the position, one would think that the time and money invested into finding the next great quarterback prospect would yield higher returns. In compiling this list, it was somewhat surprising to see how many first-round quarterbacks have been busts in the last five years alone. Here is a look at the 14 quarterbacks selected in the first round of the NFL Draft since 2009 that have at least one full season of NFL experience.
All statistics courtesy of Pro Football Reference.
Jeff Zelevansky/Getty Images
Matthew Stafford — 1st Overall Selection, Detroit Lions
Stafford is in his sixth year as the starting quarterback for the Lions where he has developed into one of the top quarterbacks in the NFL. His life has been made easier by having Calvin Johnson as his main target, but there is no denying Stafford is one of the more gifted pure passers in the league.
Career Stats: 67 starts, 59.7% completion rate, 19,049 yards, 116 touchdowns, and 77 interceptions.
Mark Sanchez — 5th Overall Selection, New York Jets
Although Sanchez quarterbacked the Jets to AFC Championship games in his first two seasons in the NFL, he is still widely considered a bust. In fact, the Jets’ success with Sanchez at quarterback was more of a success despite Sanchez situation. He was the beneficiary of a solid running game and one of the league’s premier defenses. While he did have some success and is still in the league (he is the backup in Philadelphia), his play has yet to, and probably never will, reflect his draft status.
Career Stats: 62 starts, 55.1% completion rate, 12,092 yards, 68 touchdowns, and 69 interceptions.
Josh Freeman — 17th Overall Selection
At one point, Freeman looked like the long-term answer in Tampa Bay. Now, he falls into the bust category. In 2010, he was a Pro Bowl alternate and had another strong season in 2012. That’s where things took a turn for the worse for Freeman. Off-field immaturities and a clash with head coach Greg Schiano led to his mid-season release in 2013. He was signed by the Minnesota Vikings for the remainder of the 2013 season, but started only one game. He is currently a free agent, and at this point, his NFL future looks very bleak.
Sam Bradford — 1st Overall Selection, St. Louis Rams
Bradford has battled injuries throughout his entire career dating back to his college days at Oklahoma. He has played well at times and shown that he has the ability to be a franchise quarterback when he has been on the field, but he is currently on the Rams’ Injured Reserve list for the second season in a row. At this point, it is likely that the Rams will begin looking for a new face of the franchise at quarterback going forward.
Tim Tebow — 25th Overall Selection, Denver Broncos
Tebow’s NFL career has been well-documented ever since the Broncos shockingly took him in the first round of the 2010 NFL Draft. While he was a fiery leader and fierce competitor during his time as a NFL quarterback, there was no hiding or denying that he was an awful pure passer and could not successfully lead an offense playing from the pocket, something that is critical to long-term NFL success as a quarterback. Following a wild run with Denver in 2011 where the Broncos won several games in improbable fashion, Tebow was traded to the New York Jets where he never really saw any significant time at quarterback. He was released following one season with the Jets and eventually signed with the New England Patriots who released him during training camp. Without a position change, Tebow’s NFL career is likely over, making him another first round quarterback bust.
Career Stats: 16 starts, 47.9% completion rate, 2,422 yards, 17 touchdowns, and 9 interceptions.
Elsa/Getty Images
Cam Newton — 1st Overall Selection, Carolina Panthers
Newton is the face of the Carolina Panthers and is on the verge of signing a massive contract extension with the team. He has started every game for the Panthers since being drafted and led the Panthers to the playoffs in 2013. He has been named to two Pro Bowl rosters and was the 2011 NFL Rookie of the Year.
Career Stats: 53 starts, 60.0% completion rate, 12,566 yards, 71 touchdowns, 44 interceptions with 2,181 yards rushing, and 29 rushing touchdowns.
Jake Locker — 8th Overall Selection, Tennessee Titans
The jury is still out on Locker as he has battled injuries and seen limited starting action in his career to this point. He was drafted as a raw but gifted athlete with a lot of developmental potential. His development may have been hindered due to coaching changes and uncertainty in Tennessee. He is currently the Titans’ starter, but again has been battling injuries in 2014.
Career Stats: 22 starts, 57.3% completion rate, 4,738 yards, 26 touchdowns, 19 interceptions with 609 yards rushing, and five rushing touchdowns.
Blaine Gabbert — 10th Overall Selection, Jacksonville Jaguars
Gabbert has been a bust up to this point in his career. After three unsuccessful seasons with the Jaguars, Gabbert was traded to the San Francisco 49ers for a 6th round draft pick. He is currently the backup quarterback for the 49ers and will likely never again be a long-term starter in the NFL.
Career Stats: 27 starts, 53.3% completion rate, 4,357 yards, 22 touchdowns, and 24 interceptions.
Christian Ponder — 12th Overall Selection, Minnesota Vikinga
Ponder is still in Minnesota, but there is no doubting that he hasn’t lived up to his draft status. Teddy Bridgewater was drafted in 2014 and is now the future at the quarterback position for the Vikings. Ponder may be able to stick as a backup in the league, but will likely never be in the long-term plans of a NFL franchise again during his career.
Andrew Luck — 1st Overall Selection, Indianapolis Colts
In his third NFL season, Luck is a legitimate MVP candidate. Enough said.
Career Stats: 38 starts, 58.6% completion rate, 10,183 yards, 63 touchdowns, 34 interceptions with 725 yards rushing, and 11 rushing touchdowns.
Robert Griffin III — 2nd Overall Selection, Washington Redskins
RG III’s rookie season had everyone in Washington thinking that they had found their long sought after franchise quarterback. However, Griffin was injured late in the 2012 season and played most of 2013 injured, and his play reflected it. He was completely healthy heading into 2014 before suffering a dislocated ankle. Kirk Cousins has stepped in and played well enough that RG III may be continuing his career with another team.
Career Stats: 30 starts, 63.3% completion rate, 6,708 yards, 36 touchdowns, 17 interceptions with 1,328 yards rushing, and seven touchdowns.
Ryan Tannehill — 8th Overall Selection, Miami Dolphins
Tannehill has started every game for the Dolphins in his NFL career and has had mixed results. At times, he looks like an elite NFL quarterback, and at other times, he looks like a guy who is in over his head playing in the NFL. He hasn’t received the strongest vote of confidence from the Dolphins’ coaching staff in 2014, but will likely get more time in Miami to develop.
Brandon Weeden — 22nd Overall Selection, Cleveland Browns
Weeden is no longer with the Browns and is now the backup quarterback for the Dallas Cowboys. He struggled during his two seasons in Cleveland and a coaching change combined with a general manager change ultimately ended Weeden’s career in Cleveland before it ever really got going. He is likely going to be a backup for the rest of his NFL career.
EJ Manuel — 16th Overall Selection, Buffalo Bills
Manuel was recently benched by the Bills in favor of Kyle Orton. Manuel remains a part of the Bills’ long-term plans but needs to make serious strides both mentally and physically. He is physically gifted, but continues to struggle with certain throws and fully grasping head coach Doug Marrone’s offense.
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Greenville Municipal Auditorium
Noises Off - 9/15
Greenville Family Theater presents Disney's Beauty And The Beast - 7/19
2018 Promises To Be An Exciting Year At The GMA!
February 6, 2018 / 0 Comments
There is a wide range of entertainment waiting for you this year at the GMA. January brought multi-award-winning Contemporary Christian artist Crowder to the GMA for his Texas Take-Over Tour. He played to an almost sell out crowd of over 1,300 people. And that was just the beginning. read more…
GMA Winter/Spring 2017 Line-Up Announced!
The GMA is alive with entertainment over the next several months with a multitude of performances coming to Greenville.
6 – Greenville Entertainment Series presents Victoria Banks. Victoria is one of the most respected country artists in the Canadian music industry. read more…
Own a Piece of Hunt County History
The Greenville Family Theater production of Disney's Beauty And The Beast
Greenville Family Theater presents Disney's Beauty And The Beast
Doors: 12:45 pm / Show: 1:30 pm (event ends at 4:00 pm)
https://www.showtimeatthegma.com/event/1861071/
This July, Greenville Family Theater casts their theatrical spell on this "tale as old as time". Meet Belle, a young woman in a provincial town, and the Beast, who is really a young prince trapped under the spell of an enchantress. If the Beast can learn to love and be loved in return, the curse will end and he will be transformed into his former self. But time is running out. If the Beast does not learn his lesson soon, he and his household will be doomed for all eternity.
Step into the enchanted world of Disney's Beauty and the Beast, an international sensation that played a remarkable 13-year run on Broadway and has been produced in 37 countries worldwide. Based on the Academy Award-winning animated feature, the stage version includes all of the wonderful songs written by Alan Menken and the late Howard Ashman, along with new songs by Mr. Menken and Tim Rice. The original Broadway production was nominated for nine Tony Awards, including Best Musical.
Greenville, TX, 75401
http://www.showtimeatthegma.com
2821 Washington St, Greenville, TX | Ph: (903) 457-3126
Copyright © 2011-2019 Thank you for visiting Greenville Municipal Auditorium
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AAA RENEWS TITLE SPONSORSHIP FALL NASCAR CUP SERIES PLAYOFF RACE
FORT WORTH, Texas (November 5, 2017)
AAA and Texas Motor Speedway announced jointly Sunday prior to the running of the AAA Texas 500 that the national insurance company and auto club has signed a multi-year renewal of its race entitlement of the marquee Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series playoff race at the world-renowned motorsports facility.
The announcement was made by AAA Texas Vice President and General Manager Kent Livesay and Texas Motor Speedway President Eddie Gossage at the AAA Texas display stage in the venue’s Fan Zone. AAA also announced that the company extended its sponsorship agreement with Penske Racing on the No. 22 entry of Joey Logano. Financial terms and renewal lengths were not disclosed.
”Over the past 10 years, the relationship between AAA Texas and the Texas Motor Speedway continues to increase and add value to our members,” said John Boyle, President and CEO of AAA Texas. “Both organizations place a premium on quality service, and we both leverage our brand and resources to promote automotive safety. The speedway is a top destination for race fans and we find it an ideal location to engage with existing members, while sharing the benefits of AAA membership and insurance with all those in attendance.”
Texas Motor Speedway has enjoyed a 10-year relationship with AAA Texas, dating to 2008 when the company became the speedway’s Official Auto Club. Two years later, AAA Texas expanded its partnership with Texas Motor Speedway by securing the title sponsorship of the annual NASCAR Cup Series race in November with a multi-year agreement. This will be the second renewal of the original five-year agreement signed in 2010.
“The folks at AAA have been a perfect partner and represent the type of customer service that our fans value,” Gossage said. “Their sponsorship allows Texas Motor Speedway to present huge auto races to the fans affordably. I attended a luncheon with hundreds of their road-side operators and personnel, and I was impressed by the very real desire to serve their customers. Between what AAA represents in road service to its members and insurance to their customers, they write the book on serving the public.”
The AAA Texas 500 is the eighth event in the 10-race, elimination-style NASCAR Playoffs featuring an opening field of 16 drivers. The AAA Texas 500 is the second of three races in the Round of 8 that ultimately determines which four drivers will contend for the Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series championship in the Sunday, Nov. 19 season finale at Homestead-Miami Speedway.
Today’s AAA Texas 500 begins at 1 p.m. CT and will be broadcast to a national audience on the NBC Sports Network as well as the Performance Radio Network and SiriusXM Radio. For more information on the AAA Texas 500, please visit www.texasmotorspeedway.com or call the speedway ticket office at 817.215.8500.
About AAA Texas: AAA Texas has served members since 1902. Today, AAA Texas provides members with services, including roadside assistance, auto, home and life insurance products, maps, a full-service travel agency; pedestrian and traffic safety programs and automotive pricing, buying and maintenance. Information about these products and services is available on the AAA Texas web site at www.AAA.com.
About Texas Motor Speedway: With a crowd capacity in excess of 190,000, Texas Motor Speedway is among the largest sports stadiums in the United States and features an array of amenities, including the world’s largest TV, that make it one of the premier venues in the world of sports. The 1.5-mile superspeedway located in Fort Worth plays host to two races in the Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series, XFINITY Series and Camping World Truck Series as well as one in the Verizon IndyCar Series. Since opening, Texas Motor Speedway has had an annual economic impact of approximately $300 million to the North Texas region. Texas Motor Speedway is owned and operated by Speedway Motorsports, Inc., a publicly traded company that is a leading marketer and promoter of motorsports entertainment in the United States. For more information, please visit www.texasmotorspeedway.com.
0 comments At the Track, Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series
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Positive Developments on the HIV Front
A gene-editing protocol shows promise, and a second baby who was started on antiretroviral drugs soon after birth appears to be virus-free a year later.
Bob Grant
A T cell (blue) covered in HIV (yellow)WIKIMEDIA, NIHThis week was filled with good news about treating HIV. On Thursday (March 6), researchers reported in the New England Journal of Medicine that a gene-editing method that modifies patients’ own immune cells to make some of them lack CCR5, a surface protein critical to HIV’s entry into cells, was safe to use in humans and may even reduce viral load in some HIV patients.
Extracting CD4 T cells from 12 patients, researchers from the University of Pennsylvania, the Albert Einstein College of Medicine, and Sangamo BioSciences used a zinc-finger nuclease to disable the CCR5 gene, and reinfused the immune cells—of which 11 percent to 28 percent were modified at the CCR5 gene—into the patients. HIV was at undetectable levels in one of the treated patients, and in all 6 patients who stopped their regimen of antiretroviral drugs, modified T cells declined significantly less than untreated cells. This suggested that the gene editing protected the immune cells from HIV invasion. “It’s a great strategy,” Anthony Fauci, director of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, who was not involved in the research, told The New York Times. “It’s exciting, interesting, elegant science. But a lot of ‘ifs’ need to be addressed before you can say ‘Wow, this could really work.’”
In other news, a nine-month-old baby in Southern California who was born with the virus appears to be HIV-free after receiving antiretroviral treatment since she was four hours old. Pediatrician Audra Deveikis gave the infant a cocktail of three drugs—AZT, 3TC, and nevirapine—at high doses typically used for treating the virus. “Of course I had worries,” Deveikis said in an interview at a Boston conference where she broke the news. “But the mother’s disease was not under control, and I had to weigh the risk of transmission against the toxicity of the meds.”
The “Long Beach baby,” as she is being called, is the second case of an HIV-positive baby becoming HIV negative after early administration of antiretrovirals. Last March, researchers reported that a baby in Mississippi was given powerful HIV medications within 30 hours of birth. That child is now three years old and is HIV free.
antiretrovirals
disease/medicine
zinc finger nuclease
Moving Towards Individualized Medicine For All
Smart Pills Help Monitor Cancer Patients’ Therapy
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La Belle Iseult 1858
Prints and Drawings Rooms
5 artworks by William Morris
William Morris (24 March 1834 – 3 October 1896) was a British textile designer, poet, novelist, translator, and socialist activist associated with the British Arts and Crafts Movement. He was a major contributor to the revival of traditional British textile arts and methods of production. His literary contributions helped to establish the modern fantasy genre, while he played a significant role propagating the early socialist movement in Britain.
Morris was born in Walthamstow, Essex to a wealthy middle-class family. He came under the strong influence of medievalism while studying Classics at Oxford University, there joining the Birmingham Set. After university, he trained as an architect, married Jane Burden, and developed close friendships with Pre-Raphaelite artists Edward Burne-Jones and Dante Gabriel Rossetti and with Neo-Gothic architect Philip Webb. Webb and Morris designed Red House in Kent where Morris lived from 1859 to 1865, before moving to Bloomsbury, central London. In 1861, Morris founded the Morris, Marshall, Faulkner & Co decorative arts firm with Burne-Jones, Rossetti, Webb, and others, which became highly fashionable and much in demand. The firm profoundly influenced interior decoration throughout the Victorian period, with Morris designing tapestries, wallpaper, fabrics, furniture, and stained glass windows. In 1875, he assumed total control of the company, which was renamed Morris & Co.
Morris rented the rural retreat of Kelmscott Manor, Oxfordshire from 1871 while also retaining a main home in London. He was greatly influenced by visits to Iceland with Eiríkr Magnússon, and he produced a series of English-language translations of Icelandic Sagas. He also achieved success with the publication of his epic poems and novels, namely The Earthly Paradise (1868–1870), A Dream of John Ball (1888), the Utopian News from Nowhere (1890), and the fantasy romance The Well at the World's End (1896). In 1877, he founded the Society for the Protection of Ancient Buildings to campaign against the damage caused by architectural restoration. He embraced Marxism and was influenced by anarchism in the 1880s and became a committed revolutionary socialist activist. He founded the Socialist League in 1884 after an involvement in the Social Democratic Federation (SDF), but he broke with that organization in 1890. In 1891, he founded the Kelmscott Press to publish limited-edition, illuminated-style print books, a cause to which he devoted his final years.
Morris is recognised as one of the most significant cultural figures of Victorian Britain. He was best known in his lifetime as a poet, although he posthumously became better known for his designs. The William Morris Society founded in 1955 is devoted to his legacy, while multiple biographies and studies of his work have been published. Many of the buildings associated with his life are open to visitors, much of his work can be found in art galleries and museums, and his designs are still in production.
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Read full Wikipedia entry
Pre-Raphaelite
William Morris La Belle Iseult
William Morris Guinevere and Iseult: Cartoon for Stained Glass
William Morris Figure of Guinevere
William Morris Angel of the Resurrection: Cartoon for Stained Glass
Attributed to William Morris The Archangel Gabriel
William Morris Design for Tapestry
William Morris A Girl with a Flute
Attributed to William Morris The Archangel Raphael
Artist as subject
Sir Edward Coley Burne-Jones, Bt The Annunciation and the Adoration of the Magi
Sir Max Beerbohm Topsy and Ned Jones Settled on the Settle in Red Lion Square
Sir Max Beerbohm Mr William Bell Scott Wondering What It is Those Fellows Seem to See in Gabriel
Charles Fairfax Murray Study of William Morris on his Death-Bed
Paul Nash Black and white negative, Kelmscott Manor, outbuildings
Anita Bartle, Grant Richards (London, UK) This is my Birthday
Paul Nash Black and white negative, Kelmscott Manor, a garden wall, outbuildings and a house
Stanhope Alexander Forbes, recipient: Elizabeth Forbes Letter from Stanhope Forbes to Elizabeth Armstrong, addressed 11 Elgin Avenue, London
Henry Scott Tuke Diary of Henry Scott Tuke
12 March 1899–31 December 1905
Tate Etc
They shook me: Pre-Raphaelites: Victorian Avant-Garde at Tate Britain II
Jimmy Page and Paul Reeves
The guitarist and founder of Led Zeppelin is a fan and collector of the art of the Pre-Raphaelites. He talks ...
Art Term
The aesthetic movement was a late nineteenth century movement that championed pure beauty and ‘art for art’s sake’ emphasising the ...
Craft is a form of making which generally produces an object that has a function: such as something you can ...
Arts and Crafts was a design movement initiated by William Morris in 1861 which aimed to improve the quality of ...
A visionary oddity: Edward Burne-Jones
Fiona MacCarthy
The huge painting The Sleep of King Arthur in Avalon is going on display at Tate Britain for the first ...
William Holman Hunt
Arthur Hughes
Walter Howell Deverell
Robert Braithwaite Martineau
Sir Edward Coley Burne-Jones, Bt
Simeon Solomon
Sir William Quiller Orchardson
Sir John Everett Millais, Bt
Albert Moore
George Frederic Watts
Joanna Mary Wells
Henry Wallis
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Chlamydia tests conducted among young people in England 2017, by testing venue
Number of tests for chlamydia conducted on young people in England in 2017, by testing venue
by Conor Stewart, last edited Sep 25, 2018
This statistic displays the number of tests for chlamydia conducted among individuals aged between 15 and 24 years in England in 2017, by testing venue. The highest number of tests for chlamydia were conducted in specialist SHSs, accounting for over 579 thousand tests.
Number of tests
Contraceptive use among women in England 2017/18, by type and age
Uptake of long acting reversible contraceptives in England 2017/18
Leading contraceptive pills prescribed in England 2015, by number of items
Number of contacts requesting emergency contraception in England 2017/18, by age
Statistics on "Sexual health in the United Kingdom"
STI/STD transmission
Sexual health services services
Contraceptive use
Breakdown of sexually transmitted infections diagnosed in England in 2017Sexually transmitted infections diagnosed in England 2017
Breakdown of sexually transmitted infections diagnosed among young people in England in 2017*Sexually transmitted infections diagnosed among young people in England 2017
Percentage growth in diagnosis of sexually transmitted infections in England from 2016 to 2017Sexually transmitted infections growth in diagnosis in England 2016-17
Number of cases of sexually transmitted infections in Northern Ireland in 2017, by typeNorthern Ireland: number of sexually transmitted infections 2017, by type
Number of new cases of HIV reported in Scotland from 2007 to 2017New cases of HIV reported in Scotland 2007-2017
Number of new cases of HIV diagnosed in Wales in 2016, by probable exposure categoryNew HIV diagnoses in Wales in 2016, by probably exposure category
Number of cases of sexually transmitted infections diagnosed among heterosexual individuals in Wales from 2011 to 2016STIs diagnosed among heterosexual individuals in Wales 2011-2016
Number of cases of sexually transmitted infections diagnosed in men who have sex with men in Wales from 2011 to 2016STIs diagnosed among men who have sex with men in Wales 2011-2016
Number of cases of sexually transmitted infections diagnosed among heterosexual individuals in Wales in 2016, by typeSTIs diagnosed among heterosexual individuals in Wales in 2016, by type
Number of cases of sexually transmitted infections diagnosed in men who have sex with men in Wales in 2016, by typeSTIs diagnosed among men who have sex with men in Wales in 2016, by type
Number of new sexually transmitted infections diagnosed among sex workers in England in 2016Sexually transmitted infections diagnosed among sex workers in England in 2016
Number of new sexually transmitted infections diagnosed among prisoners in England in 2016Sexually transmitted infections diagnosed among prisoners in England in 2016
Number of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) diagnosed in GUM clinics in Northern Ireland from 2014 to 2017Sexually transmitted infections diagnosed in GUM clinics Northern Ireland 2014-2017
Number of individuals attending genito-urinary medicine (GUM) services in England in 2016, by sexual risk groupGenito-urinary medicine services attendances in England in 2016, by sexual risk group
Number of individuals attending genito-urinary medicine (GUM) services in England in 2016, by age and gender Genito-urinary medicine (GUM) services attendances in England in 2016, by gender
Annual number of cases of sexually transmitted infections diagnosed in England from 2015 to 2018, by healthcare serviceCases of sexually transmitted infections diagnosed in England 2015-2018, by service
Number of contacts made with sexual and reproductive services for emergency contraception in England in 2017/18, by age (in 1,000)Number of contacts requesting emergency contraception in England 2017/18, by age
Number of emergency contraceptives provided by sexual and reproductive health services in England from 2004/05 to 2017/18, by type* (in 1,000s)Emergency contraceptives provided in England 2004/05-2017/18, by type
Share of reasons for contact with sexual and reproductive health services in England in 2017/18, by genderReason for contact with sexual and reproductive health services in England in 2017/18
Number of items of leading contraceptive pills prescribed in England in 2015Leading contraceptive pills prescribed in England 2015, by number of items
Share of uptake of long acting reversible contraceptives in England in 2017/18, by methodUptake of long acting reversible contraceptives in England 2017/18
Share of women using user dependent and long lasting contraceptives in England in 2017/18, by age*Contraceptive use among women in England 2017/18, by type and age
Number of emergency contraception items provided by sexual health services and pharmacists in England from 2010/11 to 2017/18 (in 1,000s)Emergency contraceptives provided in England 2010/11 to 2017/18
Cases of chlamydia diagnosed in England in 2018, by ethnic group
Cases of chlamydia diagnosed in Wales 2007-2016, by gender
Chlamydia infection cases diagnosed in England in 2018, by age and gender
Sexually transmitted diseases: cases known in Germany 2014, by gender
Confirmed cases of chlamydia reported in Northern Ireland 2006-2017, by source
New cases of chlamydia diagnosed in Northern Ireland 2006-2017
Number of chlamydia cases in Norway 2008-2017
Chlamydia diagnoses rate in England 2012-2018
Chlamydia infection cases confirmed in Europe 2017, by country
Chlamydia rates among Canadian First Nations peoples 2011-2015, by province
Number of STI notifications in Ireland in 1995 and 2013
Number of chlamydia infection cases in Sweden 2013-2018
New cases of HIV infection in Germany 2011-2015, by gender
Cases of genital warts diagnosed in Wales 2007-2016, by gender
Cases of HIV diagnosed in Wales 2007-2016, by gender
Cases of gonorrhoea diagnosed in England in 2018, by ethnic group
Cases of non-specific genital infection diagnosed in England 2012-2018
Rate of non-specific genital infection diagnoses in England 2012-2018
Cases of sexually transmitted infections diagnosed in England 2015-2018
Pelvic inflammatory disease and epididymitis diagnoses rate in England 2012-2018
Contraception in the United Kingdom
Sexual health in the United Kingdom
Sexual health in Europe
Human papillomavirus (HPV) in the U.S.
Sexually transmitted infection surveillance in Northern Ireland 2018
Overvåkning av seksuelt overførbare infeksjoner og blodbårne hepatitter ÅRSRAPPORT 2017
HIV and STI Trends in Wales 2016
Breakdown of sexually transmitted infections diagnosed in England in 2017
Breakdown of sexually transmitted infections diagnosed among young people in England in 2017*
Percentage growth in diagnosis of sexually transmitted infections in England from 2016 to 2017
Number of cases of sexually transmitted infections in Northern Ireland in 2017, by type
Number of new cases of HIV reported in Scotland from 2007 to 2017
Number of new cases of HIV diagnosed in Wales in 2016, by probable exposure category
Number of cases of sexually transmitted infections diagnosed among heterosexual individuals in Wales from 2011 to 2016
Number of cases of sexually transmitted infections diagnosed in men who have sex with men in Wales from 2011 to 2016
Number of cases of sexually transmitted infections diagnosed among heterosexual individuals in Wales in 2016, by type
Number of cases of sexually transmitted infections diagnosed in men who have sex with men in Wales in 2016, by type
Number of new sexually transmitted infections diagnosed among sex workers in England in 2016
Number of new sexually transmitted infections diagnosed among prisoners in England in 2016
Number of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) diagnosed in GUM clinics in Northern Ireland from 2014 to 2017
Number of individuals attending genito-urinary medicine (GUM) services in England in 2016, by sexual risk group
Number of individuals attending genito-urinary medicine (GUM) services in England in 2016, by age and gender
Annual number of cases of sexually transmitted infections diagnosed in England from 2015 to 2018, by healthcare service
Number of contacts made with sexual and reproductive services for emergency contraception in England in 2017/18, by age (in 1,000)
Number of emergency contraceptives provided by sexual and reproductive health services in England from 2004/05 to 2017/18, by type* (in 1,000s)
Share of reasons for contact with sexual and reproductive health services in England in 2017/18, by gender
Number of items of leading contraceptive pills prescribed in England in 2015
Share of uptake of long acting reversible contraceptives in England in 2017/18, by method
Share of women using user dependent and long lasting contraceptives in England in 2017/18, by age*
Number of emergency contraception items provided by sexual health services and pharmacists in England from 2010/11 to 2017/18 (in 1,000s)
Number of cases of chlamydia diagnosed in England in 2018, by ethnicity
Number of cases of chlamydia diagnosed in Wales from 2007 to 2016, by gender*
Number of cases of chlamydia diagnosed in England in 2018, by age and gender
Share of sexually transmitted diseases known in Germany in 2014, by gender
Number of confirmed cases of chlamydia in Northern Ireland from 2006 to 2017, by referral source
Number of new cases of chlamydia diagnosed in Northern Ireland from 2006 to 2017
Number of chlamydia cases in Norway from 2008 to 2017 (per 100,000 inhabitants)
Number of new chlamydia diagnoses in England from 2012 to 2018 (per 100,000 population)
Notification rate of confirmed cases of chlamydia infection in Europe in 2017, by country (notification rate per 100,000)
Chlamydia rates among Canadian Atlantic First Nations on-reserve from 2011 to 2015, by province (per 1,000 people)
Number of sexually transmitted infections notifications in Ireland in 1995 and 2013, by STI
Number of chlamydia infection cases in Sweden from 2013 to 2018
Number of new cases of HIV infection in Germany from 2011 to 2015, by gender
Number of cases of genital warts diagnosed in Wales from 2007 to 2016, by gender*
Number of cases of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) diagnosed in Wales from 2007 to 2016, by gender*
Number of cases of gonorrhoea diagnosed in England in 2018, by ethnicity
Annual number of cases of non-specific genital infection diagnosed in England from 2012 to 2018
Annual number of cases of non-specific genital infection diagnosed in England from 2012 to 2018 (per 100,000 population)
Annual number of cases of sexually transmitted infections diagnosed in England from 2015 to 2018
Annual number of cases of pelvic inflammatory disease and epididymitis diagnosed in England from 2012 to 2018* (per 100,000 population)
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U.S. water gardening participation 2010-2016
Water gardening participation in the United States from 2010 to 2016 (in millions of households)
by S. Lock, last edited Dec 13, 2018
The statistic shows the water gardening participation in the United States from 2010 to 2016. In 2016, 23 million U.S. households participated in water gardening activities.
Participation in millions of households
U.S. households
Home Improvement & Gardening
Home and garden market value in the United Kingdom 2015-2020
DIY Retail
B&Q total sales in the United Kingdom (UK) and Ireland 2010-2019
Number of B&Q stores in the United Kingdom (UK) and Ireland 2010-2019
Home and garden: tools and equipment retail sales turnover in the UK 2008-2017
Statistics on "Garden equipment and plants in the United Kingdom (UK)"
Plants and flower production
Garden retail stores
Market value of home and garden products in the United Kingdom (UK) from 2015 to 2020 (in million euros)Home and garden market value in the United Kingdom 2015-2020
Market value of home and garden products in Western Europe from 2015 to 2020 (in million euros)Home and garden market value in Western Europe 2015-2020
Percentage change in the value of sales of garden hand tools in the United Kingdom (UK) from 2016 to 2017, by segmentGarden hand tools: change in value of sales in the UK 2016-2017, by segment
Percentage change in the value of sales in the powered gardening market in the United Kingdom (UK) from 2016 to 2017, by categoryPowered gardening market: change in value of sales in the UK 2016-2017, by category
Percentage change in the value of sales of garden care products in the United Kingdom (UK) from 2016 to 2017, by product typeGarden care market: change in value of sales in the UK 2016-2017, by product
Percentage change in the value and volume of sales of outdoor barbecues in the United Kingdom (UK) from 2016 to 2017, by typeOutdoor BBQ market: change in value and volume of sales in the UK 2016-2017, by type
Value of plants and flowers production in the United Kingdom (UK) from 2003 to 2018 (in million GBP)Plants and flowers production value in the United Kingdom (UK) 2003-2018
Income from the output of plants and flowers in the United Kingdom (UK) from 2000 to 2018 (in million GBP)UK farming income: output of plants and flowers in the United Kingdom 2000-2018
Average output price of flowers and plants in the United Kingdom (UK) from 1994 to 2017 (as producer price index)Producer price index of flowers and plants in the United Kingdom 1994-2017
Gross value added (GVA) of flowers, plants, seeds, fertilizers, pet animals and pet food retail sales made in specialized stores in the United Kingdom (UK) from 2008 to 2017* (in million GBP)Gross value added (GVA) of garden and pet retail stores in the UK 2008-2017
Turnover of stores specializing in sales of flowers, plants, seeds, fertilizers, pet animals and pet food in the United Kingdom (UK) from 2008 to 2017 (in million GBP)Garden and pet retail store turnover in the United Kingdom (UK) 2008-2017
Number of specialized stores for the retail sale of flowers, plants, seeds, fertilizers, pet animals and pet food in the United Kingdom (UK) from 2008 to 2017Number of garden and pet retail stores in the United Kingdom (UK) 2008-2017
Average number of employees in specialized stores for the retail sale of flowers, plants, seeds, fertilizers, pet animals and pet food in the United Kingdom (UK) from 2008 to 2017 (in 1,000s)Employment in garden and pet retail stores in the United Kingdom (UK) 2008-2017
Annual sales of B&Q in the United Kingdom (UK) and Ireland from financial year 2010/11 to 2018/19 (in million GBP)B&Q total sales in the United Kingdom (UK) and Ireland 2010-2019
Number of B&Q stores in the United Kingdom (UK) and Ireland from financial year 2010/11 to 2018/19Number of B&Q stores in the United Kingdom (UK) and Ireland 2010-2019
Turnover of Wilko Retail Limited in the United Kingdom (UK) from financial year 2011 to 2019 (in million GBP)*Wilko: UK turnover 2011-2019
Turnover from retail sale of tools and equipment for house and garden in the United Kingdom (UK) from 2008 to 2017 (in million GBP)Home and garden: tools and equipment retail sales turnover in the UK 2008-2017
Turnover from retail sale of natural or artificial plants and flowers in the United Kingdom (UK) from 2008 to 2017 (in million GBP)lants and flowers retail sales turnover in the United Kingdom (UK) 2008-2017
Sales value of flowers, plants, seeds, fertilizers and pet foods in Great Britain from 2010 to 2018, based on index number of sales per week*Plants and pet foods retail sales value index in Great Britain 2010-2018
Annual sales volume of flowers, plants, seeds, fertilizers and pet foods in Great Britain from 2010 to 2018, as index number of sales per weekPlants and pet food retail sales volume index in Great Britain 2010-2018
Consumer price index (CPI) of garden equipment, plants and flowers in the United Kingdom (UK) from 2008 to 2018Gardens, plants and flowers consumer price index (CPI) annually in the UK 2008-2018
Consumer spending on garden, plants and flowers in the United Kingdom (UK) from 2005 to 2018 (in million GBP)*Expenditure on garden, plants and flowers in the United Kingdom (UK) 2005-2018
Annual expenditure on garden, plants and flowers in the United Kingdom (UK) from 2005 to 2018, based on volume* (in million GBP)Garden, plants and flowers purchase trend in the United Kingdom (UK) 2005-2018
Consumer spending on tools and equipment for house and garden in the United Kingdom (UK) from 2005 to 2018 (in million GBP)*Expenditure on house and garden tools in the United Kingdom (UK) 2005-2018
Annual expenditure on tools and equipment for house and garden in the United Kingdom (UK) from 2005 to 2018, based on volume* (in million GBP)Tools and equipment purchase trend in the United Kingdom (UK) 2005-2018
Average weekly household expenditure on horticultural goods, garden equipment and plants in the United Kingdom (UK) in 2018, by age of household reference person* (in GBP)Plants and garden tools: Weekly UK household expenditure 2018, by age
Average weekly household expenditure on horticultural goods, garden equipment and plants in the United Kingdom (UK) in 2018, by gross income decile group (in GBP)*Plants and garden tools: Weekly UK household expenditure 2018, by gross income
U.S. ornamental gardening participation 2010-2016
U.S. container gardening participation 2010-2016
Share of U.S. lawn and garden retail outlet sales 2015, by channel
U.S. lawn and garden participation 2010-2016
Italy: gardening favorite activities 2017, by type
Italy: gardening lovers 2017, by gender
U.S. lawn and garden participation 2010-2016, by age group
U.S. household lawn and garden retail sales 2010-2016
Italy: garden care 2017
U.S. lawn and garden participation 2010-2016, by gender
U.S. lawn and garden participation CAGR by activity 2010-2015
U.S. lawn and garden participation share by activity 2010-2016
U.S. lawn and garden participation by activity 2010-2016
Gardening equipment and chemical sales in selected European countries 2014-2015
Gardening equipment and chemicals sales growth in Europe 2014-2015, by country
Gardening equipment and chemicals sales growth in the EU 2015, by product type
Gardening equipment and chemicals retail sales in Europe 2014-2015, by product group
Sales of powered gardening tools in Europe (EU-5) 2014, by product group
Average U.S. household expenditure on backyards or balconies 2015
Number of nursery stores and garden centers in Canada 2016, by employment size
Gardening supplies in Canada
DIY and home improvement in Europe
Flower industry in the Netherlands
Market value of home and garden products in the United Kingdom (UK) from 2015 to 2020 (in million euros)
Market value of home and garden products in Western Europe from 2015 to 2020 (in million euros)
Percentage change in the value of sales of garden hand tools in the United Kingdom (UK) from 2016 to 2017, by segment
Percentage change in the value of sales in the powered gardening market in the United Kingdom (UK) from 2016 to 2017, by category
Percentage change in the value of sales of garden care products in the United Kingdom (UK) from 2016 to 2017, by product type
Percentage change in the value and volume of sales of outdoor barbecues in the United Kingdom (UK) from 2016 to 2017, by type
Value of plants and flowers production in the United Kingdom (UK) from 2003 to 2018 (in million GBP)
Income from the output of plants and flowers in the United Kingdom (UK) from 2000 to 2018 (in million GBP)
Average output price of flowers and plants in the United Kingdom (UK) from 1994 to 2017 (as producer price index)
Gross value added (GVA) of flowers, plants, seeds, fertilizers, pet animals and pet food retail sales made in specialized stores in the United Kingdom (UK) from 2008 to 2017* (in million GBP)
Turnover of stores specializing in sales of flowers, plants, seeds, fertilizers, pet animals and pet food in the United Kingdom (UK) from 2008 to 2017 (in million GBP)
Number of specialized stores for the retail sale of flowers, plants, seeds, fertilizers, pet animals and pet food in the United Kingdom (UK) from 2008 to 2017
Average number of employees in specialized stores for the retail sale of flowers, plants, seeds, fertilizers, pet animals and pet food in the United Kingdom (UK) from 2008 to 2017 (in 1,000s)
Annual sales of B&Q in the United Kingdom (UK) and Ireland from financial year 2010/11 to 2018/19 (in million GBP)
Number of B&Q stores in the United Kingdom (UK) and Ireland from financial year 2010/11 to 2018/19
Turnover of Wilko Retail Limited in the United Kingdom (UK) from financial year 2011 to 2019 (in million GBP)*
Turnover from retail sale of tools and equipment for house and garden in the United Kingdom (UK) from 2008 to 2017 (in million GBP)
Turnover from retail sale of natural or artificial plants and flowers in the United Kingdom (UK) from 2008 to 2017 (in million GBP)
Sales value of flowers, plants, seeds, fertilizers and pet foods in Great Britain from 2010 to 2018, based on index number of sales per week*
Annual sales volume of flowers, plants, seeds, fertilizers and pet foods in Great Britain from 2010 to 2018, as index number of sales per week
Consumer price index (CPI) of garden equipment, plants and flowers in the United Kingdom (UK) from 2008 to 2018
Consumer spending on garden, plants and flowers in the United Kingdom (UK) from 2005 to 2018 (in million GBP)*
Annual expenditure on garden, plants and flowers in the United Kingdom (UK) from 2005 to 2018, based on volume* (in million GBP)
Consumer spending on tools and equipment for house and garden in the United Kingdom (UK) from 2005 to 2018 (in million GBP)*
Annual expenditure on tools and equipment for house and garden in the United Kingdom (UK) from 2005 to 2018, based on volume* (in million GBP)
Average weekly household expenditure on horticultural goods, garden equipment and plants in the United Kingdom (UK) in 2018, by age of household reference person* (in GBP)
Average weekly household expenditure on horticultural goods, garden equipment and plants in the United Kingdom (UK) in 2018, by gross income decile group (in GBP)*
Ornamental gardening participation in the United States from 2010 to 2016 (in millions of households)
Container gardening participation in the United States from 2010 to 2016 (in millions of households)
Share of lawn and garden retail outlet sales in the United States in 2015, by channel
Lawn and garden participation in the United States from 2010 to 2016 (in millions of households)
According to you, which are the favorite gardening activities?
Passion for gardening activities in Italy in 2017, by gender
Participation rate of lawn and garden activities in the United States from 2010 to 2016, by age group
Household lawn and garden retail sales in the United States from 2010 to 2016 (in million U.S. dollars)
How often do you take care of your garden?
Participation rate of lawn and garden activities in the United States from 2010 to 2016, by gender
Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of lawn and garden participation in the United States from 2010 to 2015, by activity
Share of lawn and garden participation in the United States from 2010 to 2016, by activity
Lawn and garden participation in the United States from 2010 to 2016, by activity (in millions of households)
Retail sales of gardening equipment and chemicals in leading European markets in 2014 and 2015 (in billion euros)
Percentage growth in retail sales of gardening equipment and chemicals in leading European markets in first half 2014 and 2015*
Percentage growth in gardening equipment retail sales in Europe (EU-5) in first half 2015, by product group*
Retail sales of gardening equipment and chemicals in Europe (EU-5) in first half 2014 and 2015, by product group (in billion euros)
Retail sales of powered gardening tools in Europe (EU-5) between January and June 2014, by product group* (in million euros)
Average household expenditure on backyard and/or balcony gardening in the United States in 2014 and 2015 (in U.S. dollars)
Number of nursery stores and garden centers in Canada as of December 2016, by employment size
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ENCOURAGING THE NEXT GENERATION OF PROBLEM SOLVERS - Time Warner Cable Challenges Students to Crack the Codes in the Digital World as Part of the Company’s Connect a Million Minds Initiative
Time Warner Cable Challenges Students to Crack the Codes in the Digital World as Part of the Company’s Connect a Million Minds Initiative
(New York)-- Time Warner Cable today announced the launch of its newly created signature technology curriculum, Cracking the Codes in the Digital World™, for middle school students in after school settings. Showcasing the science, technology, engineering and math (STEM) behind cable television, the curriculum is based on national science standards and will engage Time Warner Cable employees as mentors and role models. It was developed in conjunction with curriculum experts Invent Now, Inc.
Cracking the Codes in the Digital World will launch during the company’s designated Connect a Million Minds® Week, March 22- 27, 2010. Students will visit Time Warner Cable facilities in California, New York, Texas, North Carolina, South Carolina, Virginia, Colorado, Missouri, Nebraska, Virginia, Ohio, Indiana, Kentucky, Idaho, Maine, Arizona and Wisconsin in order to unlock the mystery of energy conversion, learn and experience geosynchronous orbit and discover the math and science behind delivering digital content into the home and onto the television.
According to Time Warner Cable’s Executive Vice President and Chief Communications Officer Ellen East, “At Time Warner Cable, we use science and math every day to deliver video, voice and high speed data services to 14.4 million customers across 28 states. This hands-on, discovery-based program for middle school students takes them out of the classroom and into our operations where our employees use STEM skills every day to do their jobs.”
Bonnie Hathaway, Time Warner Cable’s Vice President of Public Affairs added, “This brings our Connect a Million Minds initiative in-house, to engage our employees as role models and mentors. We believe that by connecting the technology that underlies our business to STEM standards in a fun and interesting way, it can be the spark that encourages students to pursue STEM-related education and careers.”
Participants in Cracking the Codes in the Digital World will take part in several hands-on experiments that illustrate how a digital signal is created and transmitted, and the ways that people receive and request information and entertainment throughout the Time Warner Cable system. It aligns with the company’s mission to connect people and businesses with information, entertainment and each other in ways that are simple and easy.
After its launch, Time Warner Cable employees will be reaching out to various schools and youth organizations such as Boy Scouts, Girl Scouts, 4-H, and Girls Inc. with invitations to Crack the Codes on an ongoing basis. In addition, Time Warner Cable is developing “Cracking the Codes in the High Speed World™” and “Cracking the Codes in the Wireless World™” for later in the year.
According to Alaina Rutledge, Core Curriculum and Programs Extension Manager, Invent Now, Inc., “The Cracking the Codes in a Digital World experience will challenge participants to investigate the science behind Time Warner Cable technology. Participants will launch mock television signals while orbiting the Earth as a satellite, create pixilated art to better understand how high definition programming is created, and demystify how television programming is delivered to their home. Time Warner Cable will augment the experience by providing inquiry-based STEM activities, reinforce learning through application, give participants a real world perspective of STEM and encourage the next generation of scientists and technologists.”
About Connect a Million Minds
Time Warner Cable’s (TWC) Connect a Million Minds (CAMM) is a five-year, $100 million philanthropic initiative to address America’s declining proficiency in science, technology, engineering and math (STEM), which puts our children at risk of not competing successfully in a global economy. Using its media assets, TWC creates awareness of the issue and inspires students to develop the STEM skills they need to become the problem solvers of tomorrow. Program highlights include: original PSAs that challenge public perceptions of STEM; a unique website, www.connectamillionminds.com, where parents and community members can pledge to connect young people with the wonders of science; “The Connectory”, a one-of-a-kind online resource that makes it simple and easy for parents and students to find informal science and technology learning opportunities in their communities; grants to support non-profit organizations that bring stimulating, high-quality and affordable after-school STEM learning to students; TWC employees, over 47,000 strong, who volunteer their time at community events like science fairs and robotics competitions, and share their passion for engineering and technology with students at CAMM career days. TWC’s national CAMM partners are CSAS (Coalition for Science After School) and FIRST (For Inspiration and Recognition of Science and Technology). Local TWC markets are activating CAMM across the country with community-specific programs and partnerships.
Time Warner Cable is the second-largest cable operator in the U.S., with technologically advanced, well-clustered systems located in five geographic areas — New York State (including New York City), the Carolinas, Ohio, southern California (including Los Angeles) and Texas. Time Warner Cable serves more than 14 million customers who subscribe to one or more of its video, high-speed data and voice services. Time Warner Cable Business Class offers a suite of phone, Internet, Ethernet and cable television services to businesses of all sizes. Time Warner Cable Media Sales, the advertising arm of Time Warner Cable, offers national, regional and local companies innovative advertising solutions that are targeted and affordable. More information about the services of Time Warner Cable is available at www.timewarnercable.com, www.twcbc.com and www.twcmediasales.com.
About Invent Now, Inc.
Invent Now was founded in 1973 as the National Inventors Hall of Fame, now our wholly owned subsidiary, with the sole mission of recognizing and honoring the great inventors of our time. Over the past 38 years, Invent Now expanded that mission by creating programs that encourage nearly 100,000 children, teachers, parents, college students and independent inventors each year to explore science, technology and their own innate creativity and inventiveness. In 1990, Invent Now developed Camp Invention as a one-week summer day camp for children in grades 1-6 with curricula focusing on science, technology, engineering, and math (STEM) and creative invention. Camp Invention is currently offered in 49 states to children with diverse abilities, backgrounds, geographies, and economic conditions. To date, the Camp Invention program has served over 502,000 children.
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“It was not like we had any objection to the pledge,” Jacobs recalled. “We didn’t announce it. We just dropped it from the agenda, and nobody really noticed.”
Jacobs added: “What really matters is what we do with our lives, not what we repeat.”
City Manager Steve Hall — who was assistant city manager at the time — said “very, very few requests” have surfaced over the years to bring back the Pledge of Allegiance to council meetings. He also said the pledge may not be unifying for some people and that the words “under God” could clash with different religious beliefs.
“I can also see potential for the pledge as an opportunity for some dissent by people not standing or not saying the pledge or by adding their own words,” Hall told The Olympian. “Given the recent divisiveness at the federal level and concerns about the national government, I am not sure it would be a great unifying tool for our community.”
Over the years, the Pledge of Allegiance has returned to council chambers at least once: during the first Olympia City Council meeting at the new City Hall building on April 12, 2011.
However, a request for reviving the pledge came this month from Olympia resident Michael Dean during the public comment period at the council’s March 7 meeting. Dean asked the council to consider modifying protocols to include the Pledge of Allegiance, which he likened to a remedy for today’s divisive times.
“This would be one step in constantly reaffirming our unity and community while demonstrating that while we may all differ on the political details, we love the same country,” he said, supporting the pledge’s place in public decorum. “We have so few opportunities to publicly demonstrate our unity as a nation.”
Mayor Cheryl Selby said no constituent has brought up the issue until recently. She noted that a U.S. flag can always be seen on the dais where the elected council members conduct public business.
“Our greatest example of patriotism is our allegiance to the democratic process,” Selby told The Olympian. “All seven of us sit in service to American democracy and I don’t feel there should be a forced litmus test for whether one city is more patriotic than another.”
After a citizen complaint, the Lacey City Council resumed the practice in 2004. At the time, former deputy mayor Virgil Clarkson supported the pledge as a respectful gesture to the country and military veterans, noting that “it only takes a minute.” The Port of Olympia board of commissioners began leading the pledge at meetings in 2007 after resident Bill Pilkey raised the issue.
Tumwater Mayor Pete Kmet said the Pledge of Allegiance has been recited at his city’s council meetings for as long as he can remember, and that no discussion has surfaced on whether to keep or end the tradition.
“It’s just something we do,” Kmet said. “For me, it’s a very meaningful statement about our country.”
The Pledge of Allegiance has been in place since 1892, although it has undergone some revisions over the years. The current version was adopted in 1954 after Congress passed a resolution to incorporate the words “under God” into the pledge:
“I pledge allegiance to the Flag of the United States of America, and to the Republic for which it stands, one Nation under God, indivisible, with liberty and justice for all.”
According to the United States Flag Code, the official version should be recited while facing the flag and holding your right hand over your heart, a practice that was adopted in 1942. Americans had long saluted the flag with a straight-armed “Bellamy salute,” but the gesture became controversial during World War II because of its similarity to the Nazi salute.
Washington law allows school boards to ask students to recite the pledge and protects students from punishment if they refuse to participate.
Lacey Pledge 2004 by Andy Hobbs on Scribd
Here’s how medical marijuana goes from plant to medicine
By Rolf Boone
A tractor-trailer hauling logs rolled over Monday, scattered logs across northbound Interstate 5 in Lewis County, according to the Washington State Patrol.
What’s Happening for July 16
Man arrested in connection with Moyer disappearance now in court on weapons violations
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Home 2019 Election
by Alex Singh Dhaliwal
Photo by Yanky Pollak/The Post Millennial Corporation
Disclosure: Alex Singh Dhaliwal is a fourth-year Political Science and History student at the University of Calgary, where he serves as the President for its Campus Conservatives. He’s a former campaigner for the United Conservative Party of Alberta.
Tim Uppal, a former Conservative Member of Parliament from 2008 – 2015, spoke with The Post Millennial on the state of Indigenous consultations on energy projects and the delay in building the Trans Mountain pipeline.
TPM: So the Trans Mountain Pipeline project was announced by Kinder Morgan on May 23, 2012. Once completed, it was to transport up to 890,000 barrels of petroleum products a day, and it would cost about $7.4 billion. Initially, there was a 15,000-page facilities application filed by the National Energy Board in late 2013. While you were in office, under the Harper government, did you feel at the time that there was a sufficient amount of consultation efforts up into 2015?
Uppal: Yes, there was a significant consultation that was done to ensure that those that would be significantly affected by the pipeline would have their say. And we feel strongly that that was done and strong enough that I feel that even when the court did the approval that many people felt that the current government should have appealed to the Supreme Court and should have appealed that decision. They could have continued doing the consultations that they’re doing now and also appeal to the Supreme Court. It is very possible that the Supreme Court could have ruled in their favour because qualifications were that okay.
TPM: There was a 29-month review done taking into account the scientific and technical examinations, taking into account traditional Aboriginal evidence as well as a comprehensive environment mental assessment. And after the nearly three-year review was concluded by the National Energy Board, the expansion project was found to be in the public interest. However, today, construction on the project has yet to commence despite numerous approvals by the National Energy Board since its $4.5 billion purchase by the LPC and which the Federal Court of Appeals has halted because of flawed consultations. How would you characterize the success of the Trudeau government’s consultation efforts up to date?
Uppal: I think right now, the biggest concern is that they are dragging this on; significant consultations were done. And now they are saying that they are to be more consultations, they have, again, now said that there’s going to be a delay and delay it by about a month. So I am concerned that this is being dragged on, just for, you know, for political reasons. At some point down the road before an election, they will make an announcement that they have approved this pipeline, but not in any meaningful sense where you would actually get work done and work started on this pipeline. And that’s a serious concern, not just for me, but for a number of Aboriginal people that I have talked to are very concerned. There’s at least one Aboriginal chief who said that they haven’t even been contacted by the Liberals for the consultation. So, you know, what does that mean that they’ve taken on this time, extra time? And there are still people who said that they have not been contacted, who feel that they should be. What does that mean for another potential court challenge? So, I think there are some serious concerns in the way that they’re managing this. And, and I’m not the only one that is very concerned.
TPM: You know, it’s interesting that you bring it up. The president of the Indian Resource Council, Steven Buffalo, he went on CTV to call out Minister Sohi and the Trudeau government for failing to get back to them despite multiple attempts reaching out. Sohi claimed to have met with 85 Indigenous communities in February, and in March, 100 such communities were contacted by retired Supreme Court Justice Frank Iacobucci. So do we give any credence or any credibility to said claims, as in terms of the diversity of opinion in the First Nation communities, is there a concern that only one side of the argument is being heard?
Uppal: I think there definitely is a concern that a number of the pro-development, pro-pipeline, First Nations communities that would like to see this project and other projects as well move forward in a way that would benefit everyone. It’s not only their communities, but all Canadians, especially in Alberta, heading into BC, that their voices are not being heard, through the media, and even though some politicians. Many of the opponents of the pipeline are said to be Aboriginal communities, but many of the ones that are wanting to work with the government, in making this pipeline reality, are actually First Nations themselves. Jason Kenney is a great example of somebody who has said that he’s going to work with First Nations and help to create jobs in those communities, and that’s a great way to set up that partnership. And we need to see more of that. And unfortunately, we’re just not seeing that in the general public. I’m not seeing because of how this debate is being covered.
TPM: There was an article released by the Edmonton Journal recently, where businessmen Calvin Helin, of First Nation origin, he comes from northwest BC, and he sees a threat posed more by, quote, “wealthy, big city, environmentalists” who are quote, “more concerned with landlocking Alberta oil and keeping the donations flowing than they are with supporting environmentally sound projects that will create jobs.” He labels this as eco-colonialism. Is this the first instance you’ve ever heard of the term eco-colonialism?
Uppal: I don’t know about eco-colonialism. That’s true. That might be the first time I’ve heard of it. But, and I did read that article, it really comes down to what we’ve been hearing before about foreign entities influencing decisions that are made here in Canada, so through their funding, funnelling money into Canada, and trying to shape the debate on something that is very important to Canadians. And that’s a very serious matter. That is something that needs to be addressed. And especially, you know, with the federal election coming up, I think that is a serious concern of this foreign influence on our debate. Essentially, what’s going to have to happen here is that there are differences of opinion on this project. It is a very major project, one that is in the best interest of constituents, the benefit of Canadians, and difficult decisions will have to be made. The Liberal government, the Trudeau government, will not be able to please everybody. But that is their problem. That’s what they’d like to do. And I think they’re just trying to delay this decision. Because of the election that’s coming up, this has been delayed for political reasons. And it’s unfortunate, that’s happening, because people, you know, their, their livelihoods are at play here. There are people in Alberta who have lost their jobs, I have talked to so many people who are now working half as much as they were before. So there are many people who are now going driving up to Fort McMurray half the time, four days, then four days back. And it’s very difficult for them to be able to provide for their families, there are other people who are living off of lines of credit because we can’t find jobs. And so we need to figure this out, sort of put the politics aside and get this pipeline approved.
TPM: The article in the Edmonton Journal, on eco-colonialism, says that conservatives have a “generational change in attitude, and are more inclusive about energy projects,” while the opponents to energy projects are quote, “tone deaf to anything Indigenous people have said.” In reference to the recent Alberta election, Kenney has pledged to create a $1 billion crown corporation to promote energy projects, Indigenous consultations, and reconciliation efforts. Do you think this is a step in the right direction?
Uppal: I do. I think a strong positive partnership with First Nations communities is very important. It is a way to help to create jobs in these communities, but it’s also a way to share the opportunities that we have.
TPM: I’d like to hear your thoughts on the crude-by-rail plan by the former NDP government. So initially, they intended to purchase 7000 rail cars, 800 locomotives to ease the ‘crisis’ in oil price differentials. In reality, they were only able to lease 4400 cars, no locomotives, and at a purchase price of $3.7 billion, which was approximately $700 million more than the original cost at, you know, half of what they said they would do. Experts say that this could have been done more effectively through the private sector at less cost. What are your thoughts on this plan?
Uppal: Generally, it was not very well thought out, I think this is something where the NDP was trying to put out a plan out there just to show that they had a plan when they really realized how bad things were going to go. They were asleep when C-69 was presented, and when it was being debated. And, you know, that is when they should have been speaking up. We saw the government remain silent on C-48 too. So, you know, the time came and all of a sudden, they needed to present a plan, because with the economic situation being so poor, they brought this plan forward and it was not thought out well. They didn’t even look into if these rail cars were available to purchase, what the actual price would be to acquire. I do believe that a private company would have saved money. But also, you know, you can increase the number of cars if available, but you cannot increase the number the tracks themselves. And so you are competing with grain that needs to be moved and other goods that also need to be moved. So you’re not creating another lane, while a pipeline would be for specifically for our oil sands sector. For our oil industry, this is, you know, another avenue that is also being used by other industries. Just goes to show that they were so far behind on overall management as well.
TPM: It remains to be seen if the Trudeau government can turn the ship around in terms of convincing not only Indigenous Canadians but all Canadians that they are the party that should be tasked with getting our oil to market.
Uppal: No, I think, first of all, I have no doubt that before the election sometime during the summer, the Trudeau government will come up with with an announcement that they have approved this pipeline. And that will be met with high levels of skepticism. Because there is concrete evidence of the Trudeau government’s attempt to slow down the industry through C-69 and C-48. They are absolutely hurting any possible future development of major pipeline development, and also C-48 as well, where there’s a tanker ban off the West Coast? So, if anybody was looking to make significant investments into Alberta, all of Canada, they would have to think twice because of the legislation. So, I don’t think people want to believe the Liberals when they do make this announcement if they make an announcement in favour of it. I think they’re going to wait and see what their actual actions are. To date, they’ve presented legislation that has actually hurt the industry.
Tags: Albertapipelinestrans mountain pipeline
Liberals fail to send government representatives to defend Canada’s Arctic claims
by Jason Unrau
In the real world, nobody cares about Canada's claims to our Arctic archipelago, except for us.
Trudeau questioned by lawyers of senior woman suing him for $95K after being manhandled by his bodyguards
According to Blaine, her lawyer Christian Lajoie met with the prime minister and his legal team at 9:30 AM on...
After stabbing three Canadian soldiers with a kitchen knife, this man will go to college unaccompanied
by Samuel Helguero
Ayanle Hassan Ali walked into a Canadian military centre and began to strike a uniformed officer with a kitchen knife.
Alberta couple cause uproar over photo of kiss in front of dead lion
A viral photo showing an Edmonton couple kissing behind a dead lion they had killed during a trip to South...
Liberals surge ahead of Conservatives in latest poll
by Siddak Ahuja
The Liberals can cheer. Scheer needs to rethink his strategy. The NDP needs a spark to get them over the...
JetBlue airlines uses facial recognition technology without passenger knowledge
No guarantee Trudeau government approves Trans Mountain pipeline before election: Sohi
Amber alert lifted after missing boy and mother located
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Criminal record: The stain that won't go away
By Betsy Powell
Patty WinsaStaff Reporters
Tues., July 22, 2008timer8 min. read
He's been out of prison for 20 years, but Byron's criminal past still defines him. Jobs are hard to find and even harder to keep.
"They (employers) all do criminal checks . . . if you sign the piece of paper," says the 57-year-old Toronto resident, whose last sentence was a six-year stretch in Kingston Penitentiary following a series of robbery and related convictions. Because of his past he's lost jobs driving a forklift and working in a warehouse.
"I've been at places where five or six people – the personnel, head of personnel, my foreman – (all said) `no problem,' but somebody else would step in and you'd be gone."
Byron, who asked that his last name not be used, is not alone in getting tripped up by police background checks.
For decades, few employers besides law enforcement agencies and some government offices delved into past conduct. Now it is standard practice. Companies, volunteer organizations – particularly those that work with children, the elderly or disabled – regulators, landlords and schools are all asking applicants to agree to police checks.
"Ever since Sept. 11 it seems like paranoia is creeping in," says Ian Levine of Pardons Canada, a not-for-profit company that, for $460 plus tax, handles all the paperwork for people seeking to expunge their criminal record. "Pretty soon . . . you're not going to get any job, you're not going to be a dog walker."
More than 2.9 million people have records in the Canadian Police Information Centre (CPIC), according to a one-day snapshot of the database from 2005 obtained by the Star in a freedom of information request. Included were some 500,000 records for people without convictions, including instances where charges were stayed, withdrawn or for which the individual was found not guilty.
Police can view these "non-conviction dispositions" but the RCMP does not "generally" release that information to employers or border guards, said a spokesperson for RCMP, which maintains the database. The federal Criminal Records Act prohibits police from disclosing convictions for which a pardon has been granted.
But there are ways employers – and others – can check if you've been charged but not convicted.
"Private investigation agencies are often hired to check the backgrounds of new employees in relation to charges for which someone may not have been convicted," says retired Toronto police detective Al Duncan, who operates Toronto P.I. "Everyone who is charged at some point has information sworn against them in court. That information is a public record if you know how to track it down."
In addition, employers can check local police records. In doing such a background check, the local force may contact other police departments in Canada and the United States.
"The range of information in police databases may vary considerably," says an Ontario Information and Privacy Commission backgrounder posted on the agency's website.
Toronto police, for instance, keep fingerprints, photographs and records for non-convictions even though the Commission has argued those records should be destroyed. That is impractical as there are 140,000 charges brought before Toronto courts annually, of which 45 per cent result in non-conviction, Police Chief Bill Blair said in a report to the police services board last fall, the Toronto Police Accountability Coalition reported in its September 2007 bulletin.
"You make the application to the police knowing that you have never been convicted of anything and then the ugly truth is revealed and your chances of getting that job or volunteering for that agency are sunk: the police say you were charged with some crime in the past, as though being charged is the same as being convicted," says the bulletin from the coalition, headed by former mayor John Sewell.
This fall, the Ontario Court of Appeal is set to hear an important case over police releasing personal information for a reference check.
The privacy commissioner has taken the rare step of seeking intervener status because of its implications.
"This case may set a bad precedent for every Ontarian who must undergo a records check," assistant information and privacy commissioner Ken Anderson said in email.
Because the case is before the courts, Anderson declined to elaborate on the submissions.
Information stored in police databanks can include complaints filed by or against a person, pending criminal charges or allegations of child or spousal abuse.
"In fact, if you have had any contact with the police or have come to the attention of the police for any reasons, this may be recorded in police records," the privacy commission backgrounder states. That includes if police have escorted you to hospital because of a mental breakdown, for instance.
"Our phone rings off the hook from professionals who have applied for another job and have to have a police records check done," says David Simpson, program manager of the Psychiatric Patient Advocate Office, an arm's-length provincial government program.
"They may have had contact with the mental health system and are afraid they won't get that promotion because of that information."
Under the Ontario Human Rights Code, prospective employers may not discriminate against an applicant because of mental or physical illness, although employers may request the information if it is "relevant to the applicant's ability to perform the duties of the particular job."
Students required to do community hours to graduate are often denied placements because "information of concern" comes back on a police record check, Simpson says. "Or they can't work with seniors or at a daycare or with anyone who has physical disabilities. So the impact is huge to Ontarians."
In 2002, the Ontario Court of Appeal ruled that people have the right to request that police destroy records relating to charges that did not result in a conviction.
That same court is being asked again to consider similar issues this fall in the case of a former Mississauga group home operator charged by Peel Regional Police on May 22, 2002, with four counts of sexual assault and four counts of sexual exploitation. The man, now in his late 60s, maintained the allegations were "false and without merit."
His lawyer is asking the court for a publication ban on the man's name.
Children residing in the group home, which the man opened in 1998, alleged the man touched them inappropriately. But when the matter came to trial on Oct. 30, 2003, the crown attorney asked that all the charges be withdrawn – and the trial judge agreed – because the evidence presented "less than a minimum outside the possibility of conviction," a court transcript shows.
The Crown asked for and the judge approved a nine-month common law peace bond, in this case a court order to not be in the company of anyone under 14 unless with an adult over 21. After complying with the peace bond, the man applied to re-open the group home.
"The group home was my sole source of income," the man says in an affidavit sworn March 1, 2006. He received no response to his application from the Ministry of Social Services, according to court documents filed with the Court of Appeal.
"I had made numerous other applications to other social service agencies and all of my applications were rejected."
His affidavit states that on one occasion he was tentatively employed as a counsellor at an acquired brain injury service in Peel/Halton but was subsequently terminated. He was also let go again from another agency.
In addition, his application for work at an Oshawa agency that assists people with intellectual disabilities and their families was turned down.
"The inclusion of the eight withdrawn charges in the "vulnerable record" search report provided by police authorities has prevented and continues to prevent me from obtaining gainful employment in my field as a social worker," he states in his affidavit.
Court documents show Peel had turned over his records to Toronto police, who in one instance sent the man a "summary sheet" including the following information: "Sexual Assault (4 Counts,) Sexual Exploitation (4 counts), Withdrawn."
Last year, the man asked the Ontario Superior Court to order police to expunge any reference to the withdrawn charges, saying they violated his Charter rights. The court rejected his claims.
However, the judge concluded police didn't have the "legal authority" to disseminate the information and ordered police not to reveal it in Police Records Checks.
Peel police are appealing the ruling and the man has cross-appealed. The case is to be argued in Ontario's highest court mid-November.
The man's lawyer, Alan J. Davis, said the case is significant, but declined to talk about specifics.
"One of the principal foundations of law . . . is presumption of innocence and it would appear the disclosure of this information gives rise to inferences which undermine that presumption."
FOR YEARS, Privacy Commissioner Ann Cavoukian has raised concerns about records kept by Ontario police. The Toronto force "has gone part way" toward addressing them, says Bob Spence of the privacy commissioner office.
Last year the force adopted a new policy allowing people to apply to have their records destroyed, and sets up an appeal process in cases where the individual is not happy with the police decision to keep them.
The initial plan was to charge fees to people without convictions requesting the destruction of their fingerprints and other records. But Toronto police dropped that after Cavoukian noted that some people wouldn't be able to afford the fees.
The growth in background checking has the potential to affect hundreds of thousands of people, including "everyday citizens" who never dreamed something that happened years ago could affect them today," says Levine from Pardons Canada. (Individuals can apply for a pardon without hiring a lawyer or a company to help them.)
"You might have someone who has had two or three different careers ... and not expect to undergo a police check and they haven't been in trouble in years and they're getting T-boned at the interview when they see on the application they're going to do a criminal records check," Levine says.
As for Byron, he lives on welfare in a room in an east-end house owned by the Christian Resource Centre and pays $119 a month in rent. He does a little flea market business on the side, collecting and selling antiques, and was recently accepted into an art program at the Ontario College of Art and Design. He paints oils and airbrushes.
"Some people are just totally against you if you've been in jail," he says sitting in the John Howard Society's Wellesley St. office. "They don't believe anybody can rehabilitate . . . that anybody can change. They don't want to take a chance on that."
Contact the reporting team at crimepunish@thestar.ca.
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Pirelli Reportedly Racing to Milan IPO Valued at Nearly $11 Billion
The Italian company supplies the Formula One race's tires.
Laura Berman
Updated Sep 14, 2017 12:08 PM EDT
A year after Formula One Group was sold in a deal valuing the race car event at $8 billion, its tire maker reportedly plans to race to a Milan public offering in a scant few weeks.
Bloomberg reported Wednesday, Sept. 13, that Italy's Pirelli & C. SpA tire maker is prepping for a Milan IPO in the first week of October, with a valuation of up to €9 billion ($10.7 billion). That price tag would make Pirelli trade comparable to its Finnish tire maker Nokian Tyres, which has a market capitalization of about €4.7 billion.
Pirelli would join Italian brake manufacturer Brembo SpA on the Milan Stock Exchange. French tire maker Michelin trades on Euronext, while Germany's Continental AG is listed in Frankfurt.
In April Pirelli said it would list its shares ahead of schedule by the end of 2017, despite initial plans to do it in the first half of next year.
Formula One was acquired for $8 billion in cash, stock and debt on Sept. 7, 2016, by John Malone's Liberty Media Corp. (FWONA - Get Report) from European private equity firm CVC Capital Partners, which picked it up a decade earlier. Liberty Media installed a new CEO, former Twenty-First Century Fox Inc. (FOXA) executive Chase Carey, who hopes to expand the motorsport's digital reach and American audience.
For its part, Pirelli, then Milan-listed, was acquired in 2015 by China's National Chemical Corp., known as ChemChina, for nearly $8 billion, combining the company with its own tire unit. The company said in April that ChemChina plans to reduce its 65% stake to below 50% after the IPO. Italian companies Camfin SpA and LTI Holding own the rest of Pirelli.
Another recent car offering was completed in April, when Carvana Co. (CVNA - Get Report) listed on the New York Stock Exchange. The company priced its IPO at $15 per share, the midpoint of its anticipated range, but shares closed at $11.10 on their first day of trading. They've since risen above the IPO price and were up 0.7% to $18.18 in trading on Thursday, Sept. 14.
Cars.com Inc. CARS also spun off from Tegna Inc. (TGNA - Get Report) last summer.
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Home > News & Events > Jonathan Benner, former Federal Bar ‘Transportation Lawyer of the Year,’ joins Thompson Coburn’s D.C. office
Jonathan Benner, former Federal Bar ‘Transportation Lawyer of the Year,’ joins Thompson Coburn’s D.C. office
Thompson Coburn LLP is pleased to announce that Jonathan Benner has joined the firm’s Washington, D.C., office as a partner and practice leader. He will chair the firm’s Maritime Regulatory and Ports Practice and add significant depth and experience to Thompson Coburn’s Transportation and International Trade Practice Group, which is one of the largest and most sophisticated of its kind in the nation.
The firm’s Transportation and International Commerce Practice Group includes many of Benner’s former colleagues and associates in both government and private practice, and they are delighted that Benner has chosen to rejoin them at Thompson Coburn. In fact, Benner was an early pioneer of the development of an integrated transportation practice. He has significant experience in all modes of transportation, first as managing partner of the D.C. office of Haight Gardner Poor & Havens, then as practice group leader of Troutman Sander’s Transportation Practice in Washington, D.C. He most recently worked as a partner at Reed Smith.
“We have all benefitted from Jonathan’s vision and leadership with respect to serving the interests of the transportation sector in the nation’s capital,” said Warren Dean, chair of Thompson Coburn’s Transportation and International Commerce Practice Group and a member of the firm’s Management Committee. “We are excited to work closely with him again at Thompson Coburn. His decision to join the firm is a reflection of the firm’s strong commitment to this important practice.”
Benner’s practice focuses on international and domestic maritime and shipping matters, as well as trade regulation issues incidental to the global movement of goods and commodities. He appears regularly before federal trial and appellate courts, and federal agencies, including the U.S. Department of Transportation, the U.S. Coast Guard, and the U.S. Federal Maritime Commission. During his government service, Benner served as General Counsel of the Federal Maritime Commission.
His practice includes high profile cases concerning the operation of ocean-going vessels and ocean ports. Those cases include constitutional challenges in federal courts to state and local regulation of maritime activity. Benner argued successfully the seminal case of Intertanko v. Locke [consolidated for argument with United States v. Locke] 529 U.S. 89 (2000), in the U.S. Supreme Court. Locke is one of the lead constitutional cases in the important field of federal preemption involving the foreign commerce of the United States. In recent years, his maritime practice has included significant environmental and trade sanctions issues.
“Jonathan adds profound depth to the impressive Supreme Court experience of Thompson Coburn’s D.C. office,” said firm Chairman Tom Minogue.
He noted that Dean argued successfully the constitutional challenge to federal port regulation in the landmark case of Federal Maritime Commission v. South Carolina State Ports Authority, 535 U.S. 743 (2002). Dean has been involved in other important Supreme Court cases in the transportation field, including representing the interests of U.S. airlines in El Al v. Tseng, 525 U.S. 155 (1999), involving the preemption of state law by the Warsaw Convention.
“The combined experience of Jonathan and Warren makes our D.C. office one of the nation’s leaders in handling controversies before the U.S. Supreme Court involving the regulation of transportation services,” Minogue said.
Benner’s honors and awards include being named 2009 Transportation Lawyer of the Year by the Federal Bar Association for “superb leadership and immeasurable contributions” in his field. In its national rankings of shipping lawyers, Chambers USA described Benner as “a premier practitioner [who] has earned credibility and respect within the industry sector and… he combines excellent strategic sense and top-notch negotiation skills with a strong presence in court.”
Benner earned his law degree from Georgetown University Law Center and obtained his undergraduate degree from the American University’s School of International Service.
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Testing Antennas That Will Help The SKA Discover The Universe
THP Systems are excited to be able to share a recent project that we were involved in with Cambridge Consultants. Cambridge Consultants specialise in helping achieve the seemingly impossible, working with their customers on critical scientific and technical projects. Cambridge Consultants were approached by Cambridge University as part of their involvement in the SKA to embark on a journey. The Square Kilometre Array (SKA) project is an international effort to build the world’s largest radio telescope, consisting of two networks of antennas in remote areas of South Africa and Australia with eventually over a square kilometre (one million square metres) of collecting area.
The SKA will initially consist of 200 dishes in South Africa and 130,000 low-frequency antennas in Australia that will enable astronomers to monitor the sky in unprecedented detail and survey the entire sky much faster than any system currently in existence. Cambridge Consultants, contracted by Cambridge University, came to us wanting to test their antenna as part of their work for the international consortium designing the antennas for SKA-low, the Australian component of the SKA. These tests are an important input into the work towards the consortium’s final review in December of this year.
The SKALA4 antenna was mounted on the 25mm thick plywood test base and subject to vertical excitation sweeps over the range 5-200 Hz with 0.1g, 0.2g, 0.5g and 1.0g acceleration amplitude (ie. working up to and including Class 4M4 conditions, as defined in EN 60721-3-4:1995). The 1.0g test was repeated over 60-5Hz, and a 0.25g random frequency test was for completeness.
Watch the testing in action in our video below –
https://www.thp-systems.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/camb_Small.mp4
For more information on how THP Systems can enhance your products durability and reliability contact us at services@thp-systems.com
Posted in Services News
Crystal Instruments Release New Spider 81
UN1F1ED2 & The Future of Package Testing
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SynopsisWatch TrailerVideosPhotosCast BiosDirectorUser Reviews
Jodelle Ferland biography
Date of Birth: October 9, 1994
Just after she turned one, Jodelle landed her first television commercial. In 1998, at the age of four, Ferland's first leading role in the TV movie Mermaid earned her a Daytime Emmy nomination for Outstanding Performer in a Children's Special and won her a Young Artist Award for Best Performance in a Television Movie.
In 2004 she was nominated for a Leo Award for her guest performance in the television series The Collector. Since then she's been nominated for several more Young Artist Awards, as well as a Genie Award for her starring role in Tideland , directed by Terry Gilliam. In 2008, her leading role opposite Sissy Spacek in the Hallmark feature Pictures of Hollis Woods earned her a Camie Award.
Other credits including the starring role Silent Hill (2006), Case 39 (2009) with Renée Zellweger and The Twilight Saga: Eclipse (2010). A book based on her character, a newborn vampire named Bree Tanner, was released just before the movie arrived in theaters. Some of Ferland's other recent titles include The Cabin in the Woods (2012) and a voice-over in ParaNorman (2012).
Jodelle, who was born in Nanaimo, B.C., has an older brother, Jeremy, who is a professional violinist, and an older sister, Marisha. Jodelle can play violin as well, but is currently studying guitar.
Jodelle Ferland Filmography
The Unspoken (2016)
Girl Fight (2012)
The Tall Man (2012)
Case 39 (2010)
The Messengers (2007)
Silent Hill (2006)
Tideland (2006)
Genre: Drama, Horror, Sci-Fi/Fantasy
DVD: June 5, 2007
Cast: Kristen Stewart, Dylan McDermott, Penelope Ann Miller, John Corbett, Jodelle Ferland
Jodelle Ferland talks Twilight Saga: Eclipse
Vampires and supernatural creatures are all the rage these days, and for Canadian...
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Rabbi Hershel Billet
Rabbi Hershel Billet serves as the Rabbi of the Young Israel of Woodmere, New York and is a past President of the Rabbinical Council of America. He is a leading activist on behalf of numerous...
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Conrad Black is the author of biographies of Maurice Duplessis, Franklin D. Roosevelt, and Richard M. Nixon and has also written A Life in Progress and A Matter of Principle. He was the publisher of...
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Tsvi Blanchard is a catalyst for change. Longtime social advocate, psychologist, teacher and rabbi, he has been in the forefront of promoting inclusive, vital Jewish communities in the 21 st century...
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Rabbi Yosef Blau is the Mashgiach Ruchani, Director of Religious Guidance, at Yeshiva University. A graduate of Yeshiva College, he received his Master’s degree in Math at YU’s Belfer Graduate School...
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Rabbi Yitzchak Blau is a Rebbe at Yeshivat Hamivtar and previously taught at the Yeshiva of Flatbush High School. He has published many articles on Jewish Thought and is currently working on a book...
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Dr. Edward Breuer
Dr. Edward Breuer, a native of Montreal, received his PhD at Harvard. He taught at the University of Pennsylvania and Loyola University before making Aliyah with his family in 2001. Dr. Breuer...
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Dr Danny Brom
Dr. Brom is the founder and director of The Israel Center for the Treatment of Psychotrauma, and head of the Israeli Trauma Coalition. Dr. Brom was among the founders of the Dutch Psychotrauma...
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Rabbi Chaim Brovender is President of the ATID Foundation and Rosh Yeshiva of WebYeshiva.org, the premier fully interactive online yeshiva. He stood at the forefront of pioneering Jewish Studies...
Dr. Benny Brown
Professor Benny Brown lectures in the Department of Jewish Thought in the Hebrew University of Jerusalem. He is one of the leading scholars in the world on Haredi thought and ideology. His doctoral...
Erica Brown is the scholar-in-residence for the Jewish Federation of Greater Washington and director of the Jewish Leadership Institute. She formerly served in that capacity for the Federation of...
Rabbi Michael Broyde
Michael J. Broyde is a professor of law and the academic director of the Law and Religion Program at Emory University. He is also a senior fellow in the Center for the Study of Law and Religion at...
Rabbi Reuven Bulka
Rabbi Dr. Reuven P. Bulka has been the spiritual leader of Congregation Machzikei Hadas in Ottawa since 1967. In addition to being an accomplished...
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13th ISTT Prize to be awarded to Dr. Alexandra Joyner
Posted by: Jan Parker-Thornburg on Tuesday, June 25, 2019
The International Society for Transgenic Technologies (ISTT, Inc.) is delighted to announce that the 13th ISTT Prize will be awarded to Dr. Alexandra Joyner for her pioneering work on homologous recombination in embryonic stem cells. The ISTT Prize is awarded to investigators who have made outstanding contributions to the field of transgenic technologies. The selection of Dr. Joyner as the 13th ISTT Prize winner was made by the ISTT Prize Committee. This committee is composed of previous ISTT prize awardees; the ISTT President, Wojtek Auerbach, and Vice-president, Benoit Kanzler; and the CEO of genOway, Alexandre Fraichard. GenOway fully sponsors this prestigious award. The committee unanimously agreed that Dr. Joyner’s work has been essential in the field of transgenesis for the generation of unique mutant mouse lines to study mouse development, and for creating mouse models of human genetic diseases.
Born in Ontario, Canada, Dr. Joyner completed her undergraduate study at the University of Toronto and her Ph.D. at the Ontario Cancer Institute. As a postdoctoral Fellow in Gail Martin’s lab, she developed methods for introducing DNA into ES cells and cloned the mouse equivalents of important fly developmental genes. She set up her own lab in 1986 in Toronto at Mount Sinai Hospital’s newly created Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute where she continued to work with mouse ES cells to create novel mutant mouse lines to enable gene trap, knock-in and fate mapping approaches, along with studying the roles of engrailed genes and sonic hedgehog signaling in development.
In 1994, she was invited to create a program in Developmental Genetics at New York University’s newly created Skirball Institute of Biomolecular Medicine, where she worked for the next 12 years before accepting her present position at Memorial Sloan Kettering Institute. She has continued to apply the techniques she developed for studies of development, regeneration and cancer, with a focus on the cerebellum.
Dr. Joyner has published approximately 200 scientific papers, has been an invited speaker (often giving the keynote address) at nearly 50 meetings, and has numerous awards and honors including: Medical Research Council of Canada Scientist (1992-1994); Howard Hughes Medical Institute Investigator (1997-2006); Elected Fellow, American Academy of Arts and Science (2007-present); President, Society for Developmental Biology (2009-2012); Elected Member, National Academy of Medicine (2009-present).
We are pleased that Dr. Joyner has agreed to receive the ISTT Prize to be given at TT2020 meeting, thus joining the list of previously honored scientists, including Lluis Montoliu (2019), Mario Capecchi (2017), Janet Rossant (2014), Allan Bradley (2013), Ralph Brinster (2011), Francis Stewart (2010), Brigid Hogan (2008), Charles Babinet (2007), Andras Nagy (2005), Qi Zhou (2004), Kenneth McCreath (2002) and Teruhiko Wakayama (2001). All ISTT Prize winners are given an honorary ISTT membership and a unique silver sculpture representing a mouse blastocyst created by the late Hungarian artist Béla Rozsnyay. Dr. Joyner will receive her prize at the 16th Transgenic Technology Meeting (TT2020) that will be held at the Weizmann Institute of Science in Rehovot, Israel on 25-28 October 2020.
Selected References from Dr. Joyner’s lifetime achievements:
Joyner, A.L., Keller, G., Phillips, R.A. and Bernstein, A. (1983) Retrovirus mediated transfer of a bacterial gene into mouse hematopoietic progenitor cells. Nature, 305: 556-558.
Joyner, A.L., Martin, G.R. (1987) En-1 and En-2, two mouse genes with sequence homology to the Drosophila engrailed gene: expression during embryogenesis. Genes & Development, 1:29-38.
Martin, G.R., Silver, L., Fox, H. and Joyner, A.L. (1987) Establishment of embryonic stem cell lines from pre-implantation mouse embryos homozygous for lethal mutations in the t-complex. Developmental Biology, 121: 20-28.
Joyner, A.L., Skarnes, W.C., Rossant, J. (1989) Production of a mutation in the mouse En-2 gene by homologous recombination in embryonic stem cells. Nature, 338: 153-156.
Gossler, A., Joyner, A.L., Rossant, J. and Skarnes, W.D (1989) Mouse embryonic stem cells and reporter constructs to detect developmentally regulated genes. Science, 244: 463-465.
Joyner, A.L. (1991) Gene targeting and gene trap screens using embryonic stem cells: New approaches to mammalian development. BioEssays, 13: 649-656.
Sedivy, J. and Joyner, A. L. (1992) Gene Targeting. W.H. Freeman & Company, N.Y., N.Y.
Skarnes, W.C., Auerbach, B.A. and Joyner, A.L. (1992) A gene trap approach in mouse embryonic stem cells: The lacZ reporter is activated via splicing, reflects endogenous gene expression and is mutagenic. Genes & Development, 6: 903-918.
Gene Targeting: A Practical Approach, 1st edition (1993), 2nd edition, (2000) ed. A.L. Joyner, Oxford University Press, Oxford.
Wurst, W. and Joyner, A.L. (1993) Production of targeted embryonic stem cell clones. In: Gene Targeting: A Practical Approach, ed. A.L. Joyner, Oxford University Press, Oxford.
Pedersen, R.A., Papaioannou, V.A., Joyner, A.L. and Rossant J. (1993) Targeted mutagenesis in mice: A video guide. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press.
Auerbach, W., Dunmore, J.H., Fairchild-Huntress, V., Fang , Q., Auerbach, A.B., Huszar, D., and Joyner, A. L. (2000) Establishment and chimera analysis of 129SvEv and C57BL/6-derived ES cell lines. Biotechniques, 29: 1024-1032.
Hanks, M., Wurst W., Anson-Cartwright L., Auerbach, B.A. Joyner, A.L., (1995). Rescue of the En-1 mutant phenotype by replacement of En-1 with En-2. Science, 4: 679-682.
Chen, M., Tomkins, D.J., Auerbach, W., McKerlie, C., Youssoufian, H., Liu, L., Gan, O., Carreau, M. , Auerbach, A., Groves, T., Guidos, C.J., Freedman, M.H., Cross, J., Percy, D.H., Dick, J.E., Joyner, A.L. and Buchwald, M. (1996) Inactivation of Fac in mice produces inducible chromosomal instability and reduced fertility reminiscent of Fanconi anemia. Nature Genetics, 12: 448-451.
Bai, C. B. and Joyner, A.L. (2001) Gli1 can rescue the in vivo function of Gli2. Development, 128: 5161-5172.
Auerbach, A., Norinsky, R., Ho, W., Losos, K., Guo, Q., Chatterjee, S. and Joyner, A.L. (2003) Strain-dependent differences in the efficiency of transgenic mouse production. Transgenic Research, 12: 59-69.
Sgaier, S., Millet, S., Villanueva, M., Berenshteyn, F., Song, C. and Joyner, A. (2005) Morphogenetic and cellular movements that shape the mouse cerebellum: Insights from genetic fate mapping. Neuron, 45: 27-40.
Legué, E. and Joyner, A.L. (2010) Genetic fate mapping using site-specific recombinases. Methods in Enzymology, 477: 153-181.
Lao, Z., Raju, P., Bai, B. and Joyner, A.L. (2012) MASTR: a technique for mosaic mutant analysis with spatial and temporal control of recombination using conditional floxed alleles in mice. Cell Reports, 2: 386-396.
Legué, E., Riedel, E. and Joyner, A.L. (2015) Clonal analysis reveals granule cell behaviors and compartmentalization that determine the folded morphology of the cerebellum. Development, 142:1661-1671.
Wojcinski, A., Lawton, A., Bayin, N.S., Lao, Z., Stephen, D. and Joyner, A.L. (2017) Cerebellar granule cell replenishment post-injury by adaptive reprogramming of Nestin+ progenitors. Nature Neuroscience, 20:1361-1370.
Tan, I.*, Wojcinski, A.*, Rallapalli, H., Lao, Z., Sanghrajka, R.M., Stephen, D., Volkova, E., Korshunov, A., Remke, M., Taylor, M., Turnbull, D.H., and Joyner, A.L. (2018) Lateral cerebellum is preferentially sensitive to high sonic hedgehog signaling and medulloblastoma formation. PNAS, 115:3392-2297. *equal contributions
Wojcinski, A., Morabito M, Lawton, A., Stephen, D., Joyner, A.L. (2019) Genetic deletion of genes in the cerebellar rhombic lip lineage can stimulate compensation through adaptive reprogramming of ventricular zone-derived progenitors. Neural Development, 14:4.
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Albion fans first with chance to watch away game at the Amex
By Andy Naylor
Albion fans can watch tomorrow night's match at Leeds in the Heineken Lounge at the Amex
Albion fans are the first to benefit from the chance to watch at the Amex their team playing midweek away matches as part of a new broadcasting initiative by the Football League.
Games can now be beamed back to grounds, live in HD, at a fraction of the previous cost via the installation of a fibre-optic network.
Albion have signed up to the deal, which is currently available only to Championship clubs but will also be available to League One clubs during the season and to League Two clubs next season.
The Seagulls are the first club to trial the new system for the game at Leeds tomorrow night.
The match is being screened in the Heineken Lounge at the Amex and all proceeds will go towards the treatment of Dick's Bar manager Debs Lumley's 28-year-old daughter and mother-of-two Sam, who has been diagnosed with advanced cervical cancer.
The Football League’s Chief Executive Shaun Harvey said: "While our overriding priority will always be to get as many people as possible to attend matches in person, we also have to recognise that a huge number of fans are simply unable to make long journeys during midweek to watch their team."
Clubs will only be permitted to broadcast matches played at 3pm on Saturday in exceptional circumstances, as they fall within the ‘blocked hours’ under UEFA regulations.
The Heineken Lounge is limited to 300 supporters. To book call the 1901 Club team between 10am and 4pm today and tomorrow on 01273 878278, quoting the name and Fan Number of each supporter requiring a seat.
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The Celebration Bowl is a postseason college football game featuring the conference champions from the Mid-Eastern Athletic Conference (MEAC) and the Southwestern Athletic Conference (SWAC). The event’s mission is to provide the schools, alumni, fans, and sponsors with a first-class bowl experience while continuing to celebrate the heritage, legacy, pageantry and tradition of Historically Black Colleges and Universities. It is managed by ESPN Events, a subsidiary of ESPN, which owns and operates a large portfolio of collegiate sporting events worldwide, including 13 postseason bowl games. ESPN partners with The 100 Black Men of Atlanta to manage the game’s ancillary events, which include a Youth Symposium, Robotics Showcase, Gospel Night and Fan Experience. John Grant serves as the Celebration Bowl’s Executive Director.
The Celebration Bowl was announced at the College Football Hall of Fame in March of 2015. The event got off to a rousing start in its inaugural year as North Carolina A&T defeated Alcorn State 41-34 in front of over 35,000 fans at the Georgia Dome. An additional 14.8 million people (2.56 million average) watched around the country on ABC.
In 2016, the event was viewed by even more people as average viewership eclipsed a 2.71 million average. In addition, Grambling State’s 10-9 victory over North Carolina Central was seen by service men and women around the world in over 140 countries on the Armed Forces Network.
See below for year by year results. For information on our MVPs click here.
Series Record: MEAC Leads 3-1
North Carolina A&T 24, Alcorn State 22
Mercedes-Benz Stadium – Atlanta, GA
North Carolina A&T 21, Grambling State 14
Grambling State 10, North Carolina Central 9
Georgia Dome – Atlanta, GA
https://www.thecelebrationbowl.com/history/bowl-history/
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HighRoad Is Bound For "Somewhere I'm Going" September 30
HighRoad,
Breakout bluegrass/country quartet HighRoad returns September 30 with their much-anticipated third full-length recording, Somewhere I’m Going. Produced by GRAMMY-nominated Ben Isaacs (The Oak Ridge Boys, The Isaacs), the project delivers 12 tracks showcasing the award-winning band’s signature instrumentation and lush harmonies.
A collection of original selections and beloved hymns, Somewhere I’m Going features eight songs co-penned by HighRoad founder and lead vocalist Sarah Davison, and includes contributions from such award-wining writers as Sonya Isaacs Yeary (Martina McBride), Jerry Salley (Chris Stapleton), Kenna Turner West (Hillary Scott) and Lee Black (Doug Anderson), among others.
Highlights of the project include the Celtic-flavored “Christ, My Hope, My Glory,” featuring GRAMMY-winner Jason Crabb; as well as new arrangements of beloved favorites “Give Me Jesus,” “In The Sweet By and By” and “I’d Rather Have Jesus”; and the poignant title-cut.
“’Somewhere I’m Going’ is about going home to see friends and family,” Davison shares. “But a lot of our friends and family are not there anymore because they’ve gone on to be with the Lord. I think every person can relate to that, looking back on their childhood or those memories with aunts, uncles and friends who are no longer here with us. We can be assured we’re going to see them again someday.”
Founded in 2010 by Sarah Davison (vocals, piano), HighRoad is also comprised of Kristen Bearfield (mandolin, guitar, banjo, vocals), Kinsey Kapfhammer (guitar, vocals) and Lauren Conklin (fiddle). The group has garnered six SGM Scoops Diamond Award nominations and an Absolutely Gospel Music Female Group of the Year award, among other accolades. They regularly perform at leading Gospel music events including the Gatlinburg Gathering, Myrtle Beach’s Singing In The Sun and the National Quartet Convention. HighRoad’s previous recordings include Angel at the Crossroads; The Road Less Traveled; and the Christmas release, Joy.
In addition to HighRoad, Davison has performed with some of the top names in country music. She recently shared the Grand Ole Opry stage with ACM Award-winning singer/songwriter Mark Wills and performed with the late George Jones’ band during his final tour of Canada.
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Selling More Books In Print Through Ingram With Andy Bromley
December 11, 2017 by Joanna Penn 12 Comments
https://media.blubrry.com/thecreativepenn/p/s3.amazonaws.com/tcppodcast/Podcast_AndyBromley_RuthJones1217.mp3
As global, mobile and digital book sales continue to expand into new markets, there is a continued desire for print in established markets. Many indies focus on using Amazon's own Createspace, but you can access thousands more bookstores, universities, retailers, libraries and booksellers through Ingram Spark for extended distribution.
In this interview, I talk to Andrew Bromley about IngramSpark and Ruth Jones about Aerio, which intends to make all of us booksellers.
In the introduction, I mention Amazon's expansion into Australia for physical product including books – cue the disruption! Having lived in Australia for 5 years, I know how expensive books have been and look forward to local printing options and new distribution methods making books (and other products) more affordable.
Today's show is sponsored by IngramSpark, who I use to print and distribute my print-on-demand books to 39,000 retailers including independent bookstores, schools and universities, libraries and more. It's your content – do more with it through IngramSpark.com.
Andrew Bromley is the Marketing Manager at Ingram Content Group in the U.K. He's also part of IngramSpark and helps indie authors get their print books out through the Ingram network.
Ruth Jones is the Director of Business Development at Ingram Content Group and is currently working on developing Aer.io.
You can listen above or on iTunes or Stitcher or watch the video here with Andy, and here with Ruth, read the notes and links below. Here are the highlights and full transcript below.
An overview of Ingram and IngramSpark
The speed and efficiency of print-on-demand these days
The advantages of using both CreateSpace and IngramSpark for print books
The future of print-on-demand in countries like India and China
Marketing ideas for print books
An introduction to Aer.io and why authors should know about it – with Ruth Jones
Selling books direct from your site using Ingram's catalogue and Aer.io
You can find IngramSpark at IngramSpark.com and on Twitter @IngramSpark
Transcript of Interview with Andy Bromley
Joanna Penn: Hi everyone, I'm Joanna Penn from thecreativepenn.com and today I'm here with Andrew Bromley, Hi Andy.
Andrew Bromley: Oh, hi Joanna, how are you doing?
Joanna: I'm good, just a little introduction.
Andy is the Marketing Manager at Ingram Content Group in the U.K. He's also part of IngramSpark and helps Indie authors get their print books out through the Ingram network which is super exciting.
So, Andy let's start with the basics.
What is Ingram as a company as a whole and how do publishers use it and what is IngramSpark? Give us a general overview.
Andrew: Very simply, Ingram is a wholesaler. It started out in the 1960s as a wholesaler; they bought books from publishers and they sold them to bookstores.
Because typically, a bookstore wants a relationship with one or two people, they don't want relationships with every single individual publisher. And that's really how the business started in the '60s and it's built up ever since then.
The two main services or publisher services that connect to IngramSpark is one called Lightning Source, and that's a print on demand distribution engine for publishers. It allows publishers to upload their files and have them distributed through the wholesale network that Ingram have and then print them as many or as little as they require.
They can print 5, 10, 15 copies, or 100 copies or they can just not print any copies and have them in the distribution channel and then Ingram will print the books to order as orders come in.
And then the publisher receives their publisher compensation. It's just that rather than the book being in a physical warehouse waiting on a shelf it's in a computer waiting for an order to come in through Ingram wholesale.
And then the other part that is connected to IngramSpark and is familiar with the publishers is a product called CoreSource which in essence is a digital asset management solution. Very, very large publishers, HarperCollins and the very big names that your listeners will be familiar with will use a platform like CoreSource to store all their digital assets and that could be an audio file, an e-file, a print file, it could be a contract, anything that's an asset that relates to a product or a book, or a component of a book CoreSource provides. And essentially, IngramSpark use that engine, that core engine to distribute eBooks.
In essence IngramSpark is a platform for individual authors that piggybacks on existing technology that services the large publishing community. For print on demand it piggybacks on Lightning Source which is used by some very large you know publishers and for the digital distribution, for the eBook distribution it's using CoreSource, essentially, the engine of CoreSource to allow it to distribute both print and eBooks.
Joanna: Which is fantastic. IngramSpark, for people listening is like a frontend that Indie authors can use and we can access the same tools that big publishers use. It just gives us an easier frontend I guess.
Andrew: Yeah, absolutely. That's one of the things that we really try and make it clear when we do Ingram days and authors visit us at trade shows.
Essentially the engine and the metadata, the feeds that go out to the publishing community doesn't differentiate between an IngramSpark account and some of the big accounts that your listeners will be familiar with. It doesn't treat it in any way differently, it's distributed exactly the same way.
Joanna: Yeah, fantastic. You mentioned like it's stored on a computer and then they're printed on demand, and I know a lot of listeners will understand print on demand. People can visit the plant and I visited and it was super cool.
You're actually at the factory right now.
Explain a bit about what it is like down there and the technology you have and how fast things are, so people get an idea of what print on demand is these days.
Andrew: Right now we're really at peak capacity and this is one of our busiest times of the year. We've got academic publishers using the services for universities, and we've also got authors and other publishers using it for ready for the Christmas kind of rush. We really are maxing out our full capacity in our U.K. office right now.
And, essentially what it enables customers to do is have the book in the system. Think of the physical book, an electronic version, all the information that's needed to print the book is in our system. And then the metadata, the information, the bibliographic information that goes out to the wholesale distribution community, so retailers such as Amazon and Waterstones, and all the chains can find the content.
When orders come in, they place orders and we print them to order. There's two primary ways that they keep our printers busy, there's that model where essentially it's called the channel model where the book is effectively in the channel.
We have 39,000 retailers, libraries, and we also connect with other wholesalers. That's the bit that people sometimes get confused with is that we trade with our competitors because no one really knows and guarantee that the bookstore may not order from Ingram. They may order from Gardners or another wholesaler.
But, we trade with those other wholesalers too and they trade with us and essentially whether the books do have a direct relationship with Ingram or an indirect relationship with the wholesaler they can order the book and that's the channel model.
And then the other model is how normal commercial printers work, people place orders, and they get the books sent to where they instruct that to be. So, it could be Cambridge University Press may order 100 copies for their warehouse to keep their inventory levels low. Or it could be a self publisher has got an event coming up and they're doing some talks or they want some proof copies or advances and they would ask us to just have it sent back to their home address.
There's really two models, there's the publisher direct, the publishers ordering books directly from us and there's the channel model where really we're only printing them when orders come in.
From an individual author's perspective the days have gone where you need to order 5,000, 10,000 books and have them stocked up in your spare bedroom because effectively you can have the books in the system and we fulfill orders on demand as required.
Joanna: Just be more specific there. When I came on the tour with you, we saw the covers being printed, all the machines feed everything through and it's pretty blooming fast, isn't it?
When an order is put in how fast does that come through?
Andrew: Yeah, that's true. In most cases paperbacks are printed within 24 hours, we make sure that they're printed in 48 hours.
When the orders come in the job of our operations director and operations manager is to get through that build up as quickly as possible. Right now our machines are running 24/7. They really are not switching off now until maybe Christmas day. That's how busy it is so they're running all weekend, they're running through the night.
We have different shifts that come in, a night shift, a day shift, and really the primary…the thing that's keeping our operations director awake at night is making sure that they can meet the demands that are coming in. Because the beauty and the challenge of the model is that orders come in as required by the market.
So, you can have a period where we're relatively quiet because it could be a low season or it can get to a period right now for example where we're really at not maximum capacity but we're getting close to maximum capacity where the machines, all the terminals are switched on printing the books.
Essentially what's happening is when the orders come in the system will identify all the trim sizes and print them in order of when they came in. Think about a 5 by 8 book rather than printing each individual 5 by 8 book which would take years the software, the system will identify, “Okay, we've got 5,000 5 by 8 paperbacks on a matte finish”.
And those may be 5,000 individual books but from a production and operations perspective it doesn't really matter, they're all on the same paper, they're all the same trim size, and they're all in the same stock so whether it's 5,000 individual orders or 5,000 single order from an actual printing perspective it's more difficult when you actually come to shipping but from a printing perspective it makes no difference.
When we have the Ingram days and we go to things like London Book Fair, people are perplexed by how we can possibly print just a single copy and make it affordable and really it's the batch processing, it's the way that our inventory management, and software system works that enables us to do that because there's an economy of scale building up.
There's lots and lots of choice with the print on demand environment but it's somewhat more limited than a traditional off set print run. If you would go into a printer and say, “I want 10,000 or 5,000 copies of this book,” you can pick the blend of paper, the different types of you know finish.
And there are limitations to print on demand. It's becoming less and less so as the technology improves and the capabilities become more sophisticated but there is a compromise on the range even though it's quite broad and that's to accommodate this kind of production processes that's going on which really works on a very large economy of scale operation.
Joanna: It's fantastic. When we came earlier this year, Jonathan and I, to visit, that really helped me visualize why print can be such a great product and now I'm doing 5 by 8, I'm doing large print, I'm thinking of doing hardbacks, I'm doing workbooks, all because I saw what was capable with print, so, it's very cool.
Now, one question that everybody has, is why not just use CreateSpace? The Alliance of Independent Authors, which you are a partner member, recommends CreateSpace for Amazon and then IngramSpark for extended distribution.
Can you explain why that is the best way potentially of doing things or I guess you'd say all Ingram but what are the benefits there?
Andrew: The train of thought and the recommendation from ALLi is to have both. I think the main reason for that is with CreateSpace is to get the maximum visibility on Amazon.
Amazon is a fantastic company, of course many authors have been able to make a living because of what Amazon do and they are fantastic at what they do.
But Amazon are not a wholesaler. What they're perfect actually selling and distribution on their own platform. And then the extended distribution functionality within CreateSpace enables you to sell outside the Amazon firewall but Amazon don't provide that, they provide that to a wholesaler like Ingram for example.
What we do in that situation is we provide that service for those customers. Now, the advantage of going directly is you get the full breadth of the distribution. For example in Lightning Source today we've got locations in the U.K. Where I'm from, we've got them in Melbourne in Australia, we've got multiple locations in the U.S.
In addition to that, we also have global connect partners in other countries like Germany, like India for example, we have now one in South Korea, and in China, and many, many others.
By coming direct you have the ability to switch on all that distribution. For example, if you were in IngramSpark and a customer in Sydney wants to buy your book, clearly we wouldn't print it in Milton Keynes or in America, we'd print it in Melbourne.
But when you come through a third party when you're using their enhanced distribution setup, it's limited to the agreement with that wholesaler. So, for example, at the moment extended distribution titles within CreateSpace are printed in the U.S. and in many cases the distribution limitation isn't just your ability to get the book from one end of the world to the other. It's the time and it's the cost of supplying it.
We know for example in Australia, historically books have been more expensive because they've had to import then in from the U.S. or from Europe. We're quite excited that next year we're going to launch a new service where booksellers can order directly from the facility in Melbourne in our Lightning Source facility which would include all the IngramSpark titles.
The main advantages would be that they get their books a lot faster, it could be printed from a location that's nearest to where the customer is. It's more cost effective from the end retailer's perspective.
For example, we launched a service this year called iPage in the U.K., which is where retailers can order directly from our facility in Milton Keynes and we offer the retailer free shipping on one copy. So, it could be the cheapest book in our system. It could be in the highlands of Scotland but it's free freight from a retailer's perspective and that's really attractive in the environment because in most cases it's not going to be a bookstore wanting to order 50 copies ready for the first week that the book's available.
It's going to be fulfilling orders as demand requires it and that's why we're quite excited that we're having more direct relationships with booksellers so we can supply directly and give them the advantages of going direct to Ingram.
Joanna: And what I love about this and I think is really important for authors to hear is you're actually thinking of the book seller's point of view and I think that authors forget the bookseller a lot of the time.
Someone with a bookstore is often someone who, as you said at the beginning, does not want to deal with 200 Indie authors coming round the shop and going, “Here, have my book, have my book.” That's not how booksellers work.
And also that bookseller probably will have something against Amazon, so might want to order from CreateSpace and this is something again that's really important. Whereas if they order from Ingram they order through the catalogues they're used to and they can see that it's not Amazon basically.
I think that's important too, isn't it? Is considering that bookseller's point of view.
Andrew: Yeah, and one of the things we always encourage authors to do is own their own ISBNs and be the publisher of their own content like a recording artist might record on their own label but it's an independent label.
We encourage any author who really takes that seriously to do the same, to own the entire intellectual property of their content and they extend into the ISBN. They can give themselves their publishing label that can be different and distinctive to their name.
We have many authors who succeed in that journey and then they become themselves micro-publishers, they take on other authors that they know, or they respect their work. And in some cases they create mini-collectives where they become independent publishers all collectively operating under the same imprint.
Joanna: Which is fantastic. I started Curl Up Press earlier this year again when I came to Ingram and very pleased about that.
You mentioned Australia and America, I mean you mentioned India but it's really the printing in India right now that would be of benefit because it's expensive, our books are currently expensive on Amazon. And locally, I know you can't talk about business but you've got a distributor there, right? But not a printer.
What about cheaper printing in China and India? Is that something that you might see on the horizon?
Andrew: We work with a company called Repro in India and they are actually a printer and they distribute. So, they are very similar to what Ingram is in India.
Now, there're a couple of things. I mentioned earlier the model called global connect, and what that enables you to do as an author and a publisher is it enables you to select global connect partners. You can select India as a global connect location, these are all done in U.S. dollars so you price your book in U.S. dollars, you tell Ingram what you're prepared to give away as a wholesale discount and it works in exactly the same way.
In this case Repro is the company, different global connect partners have different companies, they would then supply the metadata through their channels so local retailers can order the books and it works in the same channel model that Ingram work in, in the U.K. and in Australia and in the U.S.
The only difference is that the third party in this case Repro under the global connect agreement is providing the information out. And is ultimately the company that's going to be printing the books.
Now, what's often asked of us and is being explored at the moment is whether authors and publishers can order small print runs so they can order I don't know, 25 or 50 copies and tell the global connect partner to send them to a location of their choice. That's not something that's currently available but that's something we're exploring with our key global connect partners.
India is one of our newest but it's actually one of our most successful global connect partnerships because of the English language and also we are very strong in education and academic content and that type of content really goes well in India. As well as our independent retail publish content obviously.
The challenge in India is obviously the retail price; many of the books in India that are produced and printed locally can be very cheap. So there needs to be a real clear point of differentiation in terms of what you're offering the Indian market if that is you know a core part of your strategy.
Joanna: And just to be clear, because I use IngramSpark obviously. As an author you can print whole boxes of books like you know it says how many fit in a box, right?
Andrew: Yeah.
Joanna: And then you can get those shipped. Say when I was coming from Britain speaking in Australia I printed a whole box within Australia and sent it within Australia to another place and then I picked it up when I went to speak. And that was awesome because it was actually really cheap, I think it ended up being about $2 a copy and with shipping within Australia.
So, an author can do that. What you said wasn't possible was a wholesaler printing or something like that.
It just sounded like it wasn't possible for an author to do that but it is possible to print whole boxes, isn't it?
Andrew: Well, yes, with the global connect model what we're doing is, so, going back to the Lightning Source explanation, it's a channel model where we make the books available in the market and that's the model that global connect is. So, basically, by switching on global connect India for example and pricing your books in U.S. dollars you're saying to the global connect partner in this example Repro, “This is the cost of the book, this is the discount to provide,” and they make that title available to the local re-sellers in that market.
It could be a bookstore, it could be an online account, and then when they get orders they will then print them on demand, send it to the customer, and then compensate you the author the normal way.
What you can't do currently with this model which is what we're exploring is you can't then say, “Okay, I know we've got a global connect partner in India or Germany or South Korea, actually what I want is 25 copies sent into the next town because I've got a book signing.”
We can't currently facilitate with the global connect relationship but it's something that we're looking into and hope to be able to offer something soon because we know that is something that a lot of our publishers and other publishers are requesting.
But at the moment global connect really should be seen as an extension of Ingram's distribution, it's a way of getting into books that even Ingram don't have strong penetration in that particular market.
Or, it could be that Ingram does have penetration in that market but there's a local supplier that has a stronger relationship. Germany for example, Ingram can provide books into Germany not a problem, but there are other local print on demand and distribution networks that is more within the retail network.
One of the things that we do is partner with a global connect partner in Germany for that particular region. And the same in Poland, India, as I was explaining, and South Korea.
It's really an extension of Ingram's distribution reach. It's a way of getting into markets without the huge capital expenditure it would be to kind of enter into India as an Ingram company. The company's already established in the market and already has those relationships in place.
Joanna: Now, that fantastic, and then I guess last question, almost last question, it's amazing to be available to 39,000 partners and bookstores and universities and all these things. But obviously they're not sitting there in the bookstore, these people have to order them.
And this is probably one of the hardest things with print on demand, it's like, “Yes, sure, you can order these things,” but how do you know they exist?
Have you found any great ways for authors particularly to market print books? Or from what you've learned from your most successful Indie author, IngramSpark customers, what are the things that work?
Andrew: Yeah, and so you'd be pleased to know we often recommend you as a reference point.
Joanna: Yay.
Andrew: You know yourself as an author and we also encourage authors to join a reputable organization like the Alliance of Independent Authors. The truth is, there is no single answer as you'll know but we do find you know examples of authors that have done it in a very innovative way.
I'm just thinking of some examples who I know who have done really well in terms of marketing. One of the authors did a poetry book and historically certainly, publishing poetry is very difficult as a commercial subject. And, what they did is they used social media where they gave out their poems on Instagram and the poems were free to read.
But also they had a back link on where you could purchase the book and because of the very nature of these poems, they were very, very relatable about love and death and areas that most people will have some kind of connection in their life.
Obviously they very well written poems, this individual became known as the poet on Instagram and he got fans that were following him, sharing his work, posting it because effectively he was giving away his poems for free. A commercial publisher probably wouldn't naturally think about giving away their content in order to you know grow its readership.
He was extremely successful because once somebody was hooked in and he read one or two or three of his poems for free they were willing to pay the $10 or the $15 to buy the book and read the rest of the poems.
We had an author in the U.K. who wrote erotica and her son was very, very good at social media, very savvy, and they had a model where they put aside a percentage of all the money they made from selling the books and the start up money on Facebook adverts.
They would follow other books like Fifty Shades and that kind of model knowing this was the kind of reader that would want to but the book. And they were tremendously successful printing thousands and selling thousands and thousands of books because that particular genre worked really well on this particular example of Face Book adverts.
There'll be other types of genres that wouldn't support that model, but these are the ones that stand out. It's no different to the general commercial publishing, the authors that are really successful tend to be the ones that are very savvy and very good at the marketing.
He was not afraid to try different things and even give away some content to get the readers involved and share content in different ways in YouTube and using different medias to reach out to their readers and they understand who their demographic is.
Very clear distinction between that type of author who has written the book but they know it's only really the beginning of the journey where the other type of author do tend to be less successful are the ones that may produce a fantastic book but they don't either have the time, energy, or desire to follow through on the marketing.
And that's where we're very clear when we do Ingram days and we extend these events, we make it very clear there's a distinction between distribution, i.e. the ability to order the book and the marketing which is the light house signal to say it is the book for you.
And, I think certainly with some authors earlier on there can be a clear confusion between what distribution is and what marketing actually does.
For example, we had a publisher who switched on their pricing in Australian dollars and then two months later they said, “Well, can you explain to me why we've not sold any books in Australia? We priced our books in Australian dollars as you suggested.” And our response was, “What have you done marketing wise in that market?”
And they hadn't done anything differently and therefore they didn't get the results. There is that connection between distribution, having the ability to do the action and the marketing which is the driver of that inevitable exchange which the distribution facilitates.
Joanna: Yeah, in fact that's a fantastic explanation. What I like about the IngramSpark model is it gives us when we do our marketing and as you've said I don't think the marketing differs depending necessarily on the format of the book.
You can market the book and it might be an eBook, print, and audio book and like you say but what it means is, it's available for people to order in these different places and in these different print formats.
I wanted to also ask if an author is listening and they have a number of books, so, say they have 10 books or you've met some of these authors who have lots of books. Or like me when I came to Ingram earlier this year, I think I had 20 books or something.
If authors have bulk books to move over is there help available from the support team? What would be the process for people if they want to do that?
Andrew: Yes, so, absolutely, it's something we get asked a lot of. We do have support team involved that can help in terms of multiple different sets of books to get them into IngramSpark depending on how the books have been set up.
They're sometimes very easy. For example, if it's on a platform that already uses our services at the back end it's very easy because the trim sizes don't need to change in most cases. Right through to for example when we first started doing POD we had one of the biggest clients was Cambridge University press. And they had 200,000 books that was written in the last century before digital existed.
It was a more complex operation but it's still possible because we can now digitally print old books without damaging them. It wasn't available 10 years ago so I'm sure most of the authors have had their books set up in the pre-digital world but if there is such an example there is a solution. But in most cases it's fairly straight forward.
Joanna: Where would people find IngramSpark online?
Andrew: So, literally, if they just put in their usual search browser IngramSpark it will come up and they can you know register all their information online, they can register an account before the book's ready.
And then there's lots of information on how to get the book set up in a print ready format. But, one of the things that I guess authors would need to be aware of is you know IngramSpark really is a gateway into Ingram.
So, one of the things we've not got lots of support available today although we can recommend people is the book needs to be in a print ready format, the author needs to have the ISBN ready to upload. We're not a author services company and that's perhaps a distinction between what we provide and what other companies provide.
There are many businesses out there that don't make their money from printing the book or distributing the book, they actually make it from adding on lots of different services like setting up the book, the proofreading, the cover design, sourcing the ISBN, we expect authors to have that in place and that's why I always recommend the Alliance of Independent Authors.
They help the new authors coming in to educate them on what their responsibilities are in terms of making the book the best possible book available. When you do a fantastic job in explaining the responsibilities and the best ways to market and get the book out and really grab the attention of the reader.
Then our role is the distribution and even though people associate us as printers we don't see ourselves as printers, we see printing as one way of distributing the content. With IngramSpark you can have the book as an eBook, and a print book, and hopefully one day we'll also be supporting things like audio books.
It's just another way of getting the content out to the reader. We always encourage wherever we can that authors have the book in as many formats as possible just because you don't know whether your reader doesn't read in eBook, or they don't read print books, and therefore having it in as many formats as possible provides you the opportunity to provide it in the way that the customer, the end reader wants to ingest your content.
Amazon is a fantastic platform, I spend lots of money on Amazon but there are some people that don't you know for whatever reason…and it could be in countries where Amazon actually aren't very strong and don't have a market leading position.
Therefore having your book on Kobo and having it on other platforms and in other retailers is important as a distribution arm because although we know certain retailers are very strong in the U.K. and very strong in the U.S. that may not be the same in Latin America. It may not be the same in a market where another retailer is actually the number one player.
So, that's important if you think about it from a global you know perspective.
Joanna: Yeah, fantastic. Thanks so much for your time today Andy, that was brilliant.
Andrew: Okay, thank you very much, thank you. Bye.
Transcript of Interview with Ruth Jones on Aerio
Joanna: Welcome back, everyone. And after that great interview with Andy, I'm now here with Ruth Jones. Hi, Ruth.
Ruth: Hi, Joanna. How are you?
Joanna: I'm good. Just a little introduction.
Ruth is the Director of Business Development at Ingram Content Group. And today, we are talking about Aerio, an exciting new development for authors.
Ruth, tell us what is Aerio and why should indie authors care about it?
Ruth: I think the reason that anyone would want to care about Aerio is that it's a really great tool for selling books. And when an indie author gets engaged, they're really in control of their marketing.
Aerio has two sides to it. The first side is a suite of marketing tools that creates widgets, samples, and ability to push your samples out to social media, and to direct your customers back to stores, which could be any number of stores that you define. And for you also then to engage or use those samples to catch emails.
So that's really important, right? Because getting to know your authorship, your readership as an author, and really starting to catch those emails, means you can start a line of communication that builds your brand. So that's the first thing.
And that is a paid-for-service. It starts at $25 a month or $250 a year. For an indie publisher, it's going to be easy enough because that allows you to load up to 20 ebooks. I assume that's going to be enough for starters. But it's really good because you start to see the analytics.
When I start to post this sample of my book with the narrative onto Facebook where I already had a good following, where did it go? Do they go and buy? Can I get them hooked in the next in a series in a sample and I can set a case within that book and say, “Okay, if you wanna read more, give me your email.”
You can decide to do that or not. You can decide how much friction you want in that relationship. So it gives a really good opportunity, I think, for the indie authors to really start to engage beyond broadcasting, which is great, but starting to see what is the result of my engagement. That's the first thing and it's all very well laid out on the area's site, and literally anyone can use that service.
The second part is really for those indie authors who are wanting to sell into the U.S. market. Right now, this is not America-only e-commerce, but think of it this way, if your print book is available through Ingram, and a lot of print books are, most print books are in some shape or form, then you can literally, for free, log on, create a store and sell your books, books by other people, create a reader, and you literally have a bookstore in three minutes.
I've shown so many people how to do this. And you can do the same thing here. You can start to tweet, to push on to Facebook, to push out to Pinterest and create a Pinterest page of “Books I really like,” so people can start to engage with you. They don't have to be your own books. And you can start to sell those books and you'll take a margin.
What's happening there is you've got this really cool software that's allowing you, as an ebook copy retailer, to be able to pull Ingram's catalog. And you can create your own metadata as well.
I've done some chunky things on my site for demonstrations. But, you know, if you really admired, I don't know, Yan Martel, who wouldn't? Then put why you care about that book. That's on your site. You can still push out with social media and you could be selling that book, delivering direct from Ingram into your reader's front door, if you like.
Same delivery mechanism everyone uses within the U.S. Yes, you make a margin, but it's an opportunity also to start to gather the e-mails. And so, I think, what you'll see is there's a real suite of products here that for indie authors, already for publishers with multiple authors, you can really start to communicate about books, what you're reading and really direct people to your site, which is the area site as I said, North America.
Or indeed you could point people too in the U.K. You can you hear from my accent about Waterstones to Amazon, if it's ebooks only, it's Kobo. We're not trying to completely disrupt the eco chain. What we're trying to do is to give you some insight and some opportunities to really hold on to the relationships you can build with your readers.
Joanna: Wow. Okay, I actually want to ask you about that.
Let's just start with the second thing and circle back to first thing, because the second thing is all I knew there was. I didn't even know about the first thing. Now I know about the second thing.
So the second thing, from what I understand, so an author can have a page on their website, like I might have books for writers and as well as having links to my books and samples of my books, print books or ebooks or whatever. Let's just stick with print because I think that's Ingram's point of difference. I can sell those.
l can also sell other people's books, and it is like a bookseller, and I can get paid a percentage from that.
Ruth: Yes.
Joanna: Yeah, that's amazing. I mean that's just awesome. Let that sink in, because all of us are readers and we're always recommending books all the time. So I think this is brilliant. It's another revenue stream.
You said selling into the U.S. Does that mean an offer outside the U.S. can still use Aerio?
Ruth: Absolutely. As long as your book has rights to be sold in the U.S. and it's in the Ingram catalog and these books will naturally be there, or any publisher who works with Ingram for print on demand, and you can easily look up the books on the site.
There's plenty of information in the site about how to do that, you can curate your collection. You can create collections. You might say, “I really love books about, I don't know, fantasy-fiction.” So you could do that.
Or you could say, “Actually, I'm just really interested in cookery books.” You could just as easily do that.
And yes, you're right. If you think there's anyone who can sell a book anywhere in North America, that's my bracket. Give us a moment to go international. But if you think about it, if you're a U.S.-based author and you want your primary…readership is U.S. and it's the world's largest book market after all, what a great place to start.
But it doesn't preclude somebody writing it in the U.K., whose books are available, to really use it to market to U.S. market. And you can easily, with your own books, then say, “I love these books etc. And if you're outside North America, hey here's some great bookstores that stock this book.”
You can use the marketing widget that you create in your book, or indeed you can create for any, but if you use the marketing widget I bet you didn't know about, then you can use that to start to point people elsewhere and use that for engagement outside. So, yeah, there are two sides, and I'm really excited about the first one.
Anyone can sell a book anywhere. I see that as completely disruptive technology. We're ramping up right now, but to your point, you've got your own site, you have your own e-commerce, right, so if you were to use the area for marketing, you could use that globally and just have all of your widgets point back to your site and, maybe, one other bookstore that you like particularly. That would be fine. We can have many more, but, you know, that's up to you.
What we've seen with some very, very large publishers, some of the largest trade publishers, is that they do want to point to their own site, but they want to see what consumers do. Do they always go to Amazon? Do they go to Barnes & Noble in the States? Do they go to Waterstones? Do they go to whoever else?
And because you can configure the buttons, you can see that. In the first piece, anyone can sell a book. If your book's in the Ingram catalog, there's 14 million, I'm sure you'll find something you like. But you can really use that tool and embed that in your website.
We've seen authors do it themselves without telling the publishers. That's always great. So, “Hey, we couldn't help, but seeing your fitness site, and you've taken the widget and dropped it in your blog and done other things.” And you're like, “Yeah, yeah.” And the publisher said, “What? What do you mean this is…”
And of course, from a point of view of the transaction, it's just as if Ingram sold the book to a standard independent bookstore, to Amazon to Barnes & Noble. There is no difference in your getting the margin.
Joanna: Yeah, and I think this is so important because we are shifting to a direct-to-consumer kind of approach. And it's great that Ingram's recognizing that in some of this technology.
Just to be clear, the first option, the marketing tool, is available to anyone and you don't need to have your books on Ingram's, so anyone can do that?
Ruth: Absolutely. And that's chargeable.
Joanna: Right. And then Aerio for the prints, for they sell any book type of thing is…
Ruth: Aerio book network, yes.
Joanna: Okay, does that have a charge?
Ruth: No.
Joanna: No, and that is for selling into the U.S. only?
Ruth: Correct. Right now, yes.
Joanna: Yeah, so just…we haven't really said how Aerio is spelt or, you know, because it's spelt funny, isn't it? So just tell us where people can find it.
Ruth: It's technical terms. So it's spelt A-E-R-I-O. And the website is www.aer.io.
Joanna: Yes, that's one of those new suffixes that has appeared.
Ruth: It's obviously very trendy. Its good to know why that's trendy. Happy days.
Joanna: Happy days, exactly. That's very cool.
You also mentioned that you have a demo. Is that available at that site, so people can have a look?
Ruth: Yes, if you go to that site, there's lots of videos. There's lots of really good social content there talking about how to promote your books, what to do. I was just looking at it just now.
There's a lot of material there that I think would be useful, even if you didn't use Aerio, from August. We've really focused on trying to give as much assistance as possible, walk through demos. I very rarely find people who can't use the site.
I mostly find, when I set up sites if I'm talking to people and say, “Well I've created your site now while we were talking,” they're quite scared. But I think, lots of microsites for the individual really make sense. And we have seen, particularly for well-known independent authors who do have a following, the type of posts that may have a radio program, may have other things that they do and then they produce a book, that this works brilliantly. The combination of a social selling and Ingram's infrastructure…it's really very powerful.
Joanna: Yeah, it's such an exciting time.
Is there anything else that authors need to know about Aerio, or should just people go check it out?
Ruth: I think go check it out. And I've probably talked far too much about it. I get way overenthusiastic and you could do everything.
The thing here is, if you take control of how you communicate and how you build an audience, it's really daunting. I know that. But that is one of the most powerful ways to get people to gather around what you're trying to say in your book, no matter what kind of book it is.
And then once you start small, you start to see the ripple effect of what you're able to do. And it's something that, being agile and independent, indie authors are in a really good position to take hold of this technology.
Joanna: Well, thanks for your time, Ruth. That was great.
Ruth: A pleasure. I hope that was helpful.
Filed Under: Publishing Options Tagged With: print, Print on Demand
David Mark Brown says
Always enjoy your show! I felt I had to comment about Aer.io. I’ve had an account with Aer.io since before they were acquired by Ingram. I absolutely love what they represent, and when they gained the muscle of Ingram I was really hopefully that the end result would be a complete solution for selling direct (for print and digital)!
But after experimenting with Aer.io for a few months, I’ve deduced it has at least one critical flaw.
Quick Background: I’m the COO of a tech-publishing startup that focuses on streaming fiction via mobile app. But we already have over 80 authors and we provide full distribution for them in ebook and print as well. Ingram Spark has been great for print. Now we are looking to PublishDrive or DrafttoDigital for digital.
While using Aer.io for the basis of our ecommerce storefront (to sell our authors’ print books direct), we suffered a 100% shopping cart abandonment rate. 100%. The only transaction that went through to completion was one I placed to test the shipping process, etc. In two weeks we have 58 abandoned shopping carts. While there could be multiple small reasons for this, I believe the large reason is due to the pricing structure of Aer.io. While they don’t charge the author or the Aer.io shopkeeper any transaction fees, they DO pass these fees on to the consumer. Along with shipping costs, a 10$ print book ends up costing $16 to the average consumer. As a company, we couldn’t figure out a way to make Aer.io work and thus abandoned it. The store we are currently building will allow print customers to choose either Kobo or Amazon fulfilment. We make less money this way, but the experience is infinitely better for the customer.
Thanks for the comment – I am passing this on to Ruth and Andy.
Ged Cusack says
I Live outside of Christchurch, New Zealand it takes me about 30-40 minutes to drive to town.
I Listened to the podcast on Estate Planning on the way to town (to a Christmas party) and started listening to this podcast after midnight on my drive home.
Another great podcast and I wanted to stay in the car to listen to the end instead of going into the house to go to bed.
Yet another awesome and informative podcast.
Gary Miller says
Hi Joanna
I launched my first book via Amazon KDP (& Select) on 28th Feb 2018. I have now been approached by a major bookstore in London to stock my book but I’m tied up with Amazon until 28th May.
How do I get IngramSpark to print my book now I’ve gone with Amazon (printing rights, ISBN etc.)? I really regret going inclusive with Amazon already.
You are only exclusive with Amazon for the ebook if you are in KDP Select. You can do whatever you like with the print books, so you can do Ingram as well as Amazon Createspace.
Oh wow, I didn’t know that! Many thanks for the speedy reply too.
Like yourself (before you escaped), I’m an IT contractor and I hate every minute I’m chained to my desk – really hope there is a way out for me too!
Ian Irvine says
Great article, Joanna, as always, and what a brilliant idea Aerio is. I have two questions:
1. Any news on when international distribution will be available? I’m an Australian author of more than 30 books and most of my sales have been in AU and the UK, so it’s not practical for me to set up my Aerio bookstore now, if most of my fans can’t access it.
2. A calculator to work out the optimum wholesale discount would be really handy. I have more than 20 novels in POD, books originally published as much as 20 years ago. As backlist they’re never going to get into bricks and mortar stores so a 55% discount isn’t necessary, but if I set the wholesale discount low (35%, say), I have to put the Aerio price up $2 above the list price just to break even. Is there a way to determine the optimum wholesale price in this situation?
Hi Joanna, is there any news on when international distribution will be enabled. The Aerio site is opaque on this and my emails to Support, as an Aerio user, have not been graced with a reply.
I’ve emailed Ruth to ask her – and will paste the reply here when I can. Thanks 🙂
From Matt Devereux, Aerio International. http://www.aer.io/
Firstly, let me apologise for my tardiness in replying.
It’s been an incredibly busy time for all of us, and while that’s no excuse it does go some way to explaining why we haven’t been in touch sooner. We really appreciate the opportunity to receive honest and detailed feedback: nothing is as important to us in thinking about how to grow the service as understanding the concerns of current and potential Aerio customers.
It’s always disappointing to hear that our service doesn’t make sense for users in every circumstance, as David Mark Brown comments above.
We’re aware that it can be hard to make the platform profitable at lower price points, and it’s something we are actively looking to address as we develop the site further. One thing we do pride ourselves on is being straightforward about who might benefit most from using Aerio (and how they might go about that). There is a dedicated customer support team on hand, primed to identify anything you might be able to do differently to get the most out of the site.
That said we completely understand that Aerio doesn’t currently accommodate every model, even if it is a clear goal of ours to ensure that in time it absolutely will. It’s brilliant to hear that Ingram Spark has been a boon for your business David, and we very much hope to win you back on the digital side with Aerio as time goes on.
Ian’s query regarding international distribution is timely – we have a dedicated team working on all aspects of bringing this to market right now. We’ll gradually be staging features in until our rest-of-world service matches the current North American offering. It’s worth noting that many key aspects of Aerio – creation of book widgets for promotion online, redirection to local retailers – are already available outside of the US and Canada.
Once we’ve added full ecommerce capabilities for international users you will see a calculation for optimum wholesale discount when adding content. That’s another part of our commitment to ensuring that the whole process is transparent for publishers / content creators, as well as end customers.
Thanks so much for your interest and feedback. Just before we go, one of the main points we’d like to get across is that Aerio is a growing service – a service to which we’re completely committed. We very much hope you’ll be joining us on the journey as we improve the user experience and bring it to the world at large.
If you have any further queries we’d be glad to respond, and hopefully, that’ll be much quicker than in six months time!
Morgana Best says
For Matt: Hi, it wasn’t at all clear when it will be available in Australia. Could we have this answer in a nutshell please? Thanks. 🙂 (Hi Ian, if you’re still in Dorrigo, I hope you’re not frozen. Long term mega-fan here – Morgana)
Round-Up Of 2017 Writing Goals And Lessons Learned | The Creative Penn says:
[…] For more on Ingram Spark, check out this interview and article on selling more books in print. […]
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Opinion Quebec’s Charter remains a solution in search of a problem
Quebec’s Charter remains a solution in search of a problem
Richard Bourhis
This week, the Parti Québécois government launches its hearings on the Charter of Quebec values known as Bill 60. The Charter will modify the Quebec Charter of human rights and freedoms to in effect legislate Muslim, Jewish and Sikh employees to either remove their religious signs at work or be expelled from Quebec State jobs, including the public administration, the courts, municipalities, hospitals, social services, daycares, schools, universities, etc.
More than 250 briefs have been submitted to this Parliamentary Consultation and with an hour allotted to each brief, close to two months will be devoted to the hearings. Opinions on all sides of the debate will be heard from individuals, associations and private/public institutions, thus keeping the identity politic pot boiling in the provincial media.
What problem is the Charter designed to solve? Of the very few Anglophones and cultural communities employed in Quebec state institutions, the minority PQ government refuses to reveal: how many of its public servants are Muslim; how many are female Muslims wearing the hijab or niqab; how many public servants are Jews wearing the kippa, or Sikhs wearing the turban.
Despite searching far and wide over the last six months, the government has failed to find a single Québécois francophone citizen who complained for having been served by public servants wearing a Muslim hijab, the Jewish kippa or Sikh turban, let alone being served in a religiously biased way.
By nurturing fear of religious minorities through the debate on the Charter, The PQ is keeping the identity politics theme alive for the next provincial election. The goal is to gain key electoral seats in Québécois francophone majority ridings where the other nationalist party, Coalition Avenir Quebec (CAQ), is ahead by only 1,500 to 2,000 votes against the Parti Québécois. Gaining extra Québécois francophone ridings in the regions will allow the PQ to shift from a minority to a majority government in the upcoming 2014 election.
This will allow a PQ majority government to adopt the reinforced pro-French Bill 101 known as Bill 14 and the Bill 60 Charter of Quebec values. This identity politic agenda will also allow the PQ to set the stage for the next separatist referendum.
A Leger marketing poll conducted on September 15, 2013, and published in the Journal de Montréal, showed that close to 50 per cent of Québécois Francophones (80 per cent of Quebec's population) were in favour of the Charter, while 70 per cent of Quebec Anglophones (8 per cent of Quebec's population) and 65 per cent of Quebec Allophones (12 per cent of Quebec's population) were against the Charter.
The PQ is more interested in gaining Québécois Francophone ethnic nationalist votes than fostering social cohesion between Francophone factions, Anglophones and cultural/religious communities. The debate on the Charter of secular values has already polarised intergroup relations in Quebec. The damage is done and vulnerable minorities such as Muslims, Jews and Sikhs suffer accrued stigmatisation and segregation.
With state sanctioned stigmatisation of religious minorities through the Charter, there is a growing acceptance that it is okay for majority members to express negative attitudes and behaviors towards minorities who wear religious signs in public settings. As noted by Valérie Létourneau of the Regroupement des centres de femmes du Québec in La Presse: "There is a dramatic increase in cases of insults and violence against veiled Muslim women. For us, this is clearly linked to the debate on the Charter."
On radio in October and reported in La Presse, former Parti Québécois premier Jacques Parizeau stated: "Recent immigrants, who by the way speak excellent French, are starting to be afraid. Here they had peace. Now we step in with our big boots. And we don't target Muslim men but Muslim women. .. To adopt such a law targeting a certain number of Muslim women is embarrassing".
As vulnerable scapegoats, Muslims, Jews & Sikhs are acceptable collateral damage for achieving the Parti Québécois quest for majority government in 2014. While Parti Québécois strategists hope this identity politic plan will succeed, many others in Quebec hope it will fail at the ballot box.
Richard Bourhis is a professor in the department of psychology at the Université du Québec à Montréal
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London Met University crisis: students fear removal from UK
Students search for new degree places after Home Office strips university of ability to sponsor foreign learners
Shiv Malik
@shivmalik
Thu 30 Aug 2012 12.40 EDT First published on Thu 30 Aug 2012 12.40 EDT
Walk through the campus of London Metropolitan University and the sense of loss is palpable. Every international student looks crushed after the north London university became the first in the UK to be stripped by the Home Office of its ability to sponsor foreign learners.
What these students fear most is that if they don't, by some miracle, get themselves a place at a new university within the next few months, they will be removed from the country.
Cecil Ezeja, 21, from Enugu state in Nigeria was the great hope for his family. Now he dreads the moment when he has to tell his family that his year of studying electronic communications and the £10,080 they paid has come to naught.
"I can't call them, I don't want to cause any heartbreak … I want to visit some other unis [first] to see if they can accept me."
But he knows, like many others, that the timing, just before the start of the academic year, means it is unlikely that another university will have a spare place especially since he is midway through his degree. "If it was in June or July … I would have more time to apply for [different] uni … I'm very upset," he said. "The decision was made at the wrong time. I'm not an [immigration] threat. I came to this country on 3 September 2011 and I've not broken any tiny law.
"I'm just a student. I come to school in the morning, I go back to my house, I go to the library. I haven't done anything … Maybe there's a few people that are breaking the law but they should investigate [them] not sack all the students, punish everybody."
For Mohammed Islam, 23, from Bangladesh, it is the second time he has enrolled for a law degree and found himself at an institution suddenly stripped of its ability to host foreign students. "I came here in 2009, to a college. When I was back home, I don't know which place was a college, because on the website they're all saying they're really good, everything is OK. But when you are not [there] in person, you can not understand what is going on.
"So I came to a college and they had the same problem, they [the Home Office] cancelled their licence. I was in deep water."
Now he's in deep water again. "I have to find a new uni and if I can't I have to go back."
He has not told his parents but hopes they are prepared to stump up another £10,000 to pay for his degree.
"I have a dream," he said. "To finish my LLB from a good university from the UK. This is my main dream."
Inside the university help centre, the phones are ringing off the hook. Ursula Rehman, from Dubai, looks desperate.
She has just one semester to go to complete her degree in biomedical sciences and is not having any luck moving to another university.
"I've spoken to so many universities now and they say, 'oh we don't do transfers, we don't do this, or we'll have to charge you this much'." She's exasperated. Everyone, she says, is worried and scared.
"I've got so many friends who come from really poor backgrounds. And they come here so that they have a degree and they go back and get a really good job, because they've got a degree from London UK. And now …"
Tellingly, she has not told her parents either. "I don't want them to panic, and I hope they don't hear it from somewhere."
She blames herself for the whole debacle. Rehman says she should have accepted one of the other four university places she was offered three years ago.
"I know its my fault, but I'm really getting tense now." Staring down at the floor she adds, "why did I come here?".
It is a very good question.
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Higher taxes on the rich could reduce UK health inequality, says expert
Gap in life expectancy in Britain has widened since onset of austerity, says Michael Marmot
Wed 27 Feb 2019 01.00 EST Last modified on Wed 27 Feb 2019 05.18 EST
Inequality expert Michael Marmot believes there is popular support for higher taxes on top earners. Photograph: PA
Higher taxation for the rich may need to be considered if the UK is to tackle the decline in life expectancy in parts of the UK and the widening gap in health inequalities, according to Sir Michael Marmot, the country’s leading authority on the issues.
Ten years on from his seminal review for the Labour government of health inequality in England in 2010, Marmot will publish a review of what has been achieved and the current state of the nation with the Health Foundation. The evidence is expected to show that initial progress faltered and then stopped under the pressure of austerity, Marmot told the Guardian in an interview.
In 2015, Marmot’s research showed the expected life of a one-year-old child living in one of the poorest areas could be on average more than eight years shorter than a child in the most affluent 10% of the country.
When the Marmot review was published in 2010, Gordon Brown’s Labour government welcomed it and the Conservative-Liberal Democrat coalition government that took over in May published a white paper, promising to put health inequalities at the heart of its public health strategy.
“But then the actions that were taken nationally were all to do with austerity,” Marmot told the Guardian. “And that meant cutting funding to local government. In turn local government had less money and was closing children’s Sure Start centres. It meant capping welfare payments and reduction of tax credits and the harshness of universal credit.”
Handing public health to local authorities was an opportunity, he said. His review recommended action in early child development, education, employment and minimum income, and in creating a healthy and sustainable environment – many of which were local authority responsibilities.
“The context for action on the social determinants of health in England has been difficult,” he says in a blog for the Health Foundation. “The government’s stated priority has been fiscal rectitude – austerity.
“It may be predicted that cuts in funding to local government, schools and social care, as well as an unfavourable climate for benefits, will take their toll on health and health inequalities. The failure of NHS funding to rise in accord with historical trends won’t help.”
Some local authorities have championed change – notably Coventry, which has declared itself a “Marmot city” and is now in the process of assessing what it has achieved over the years. Manchester and Liverpool are also actively working on health inequalities.
But, said Marmot, a change in approach by central government is also needed. And he thinks there is now public support for some reform of taxation. He cited Dutch historian Rutger Bregman, who caused a sensation at Davos by challenging billionaires who he said could solve inequalities by paying more tax. It was “taxes, taxes, taxes, and all the rest is bullshit in my opinion”, Bregman said.
“In the US, the majority of the population think that rich people should pay more tax,” Marmot told the Guardian. “The argument that having a higher marginal rate of tax at some higher level of income I think is very strong.
“The evidence suggests very rich people when their marginal rate at the top gets high enough they stop paying themselves so much – they reinvest in their companies. It’s why [American politician] Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez recommended a 70% marginal rate above incomes of $10m.
“I think the economists who’ve looked at this suggest you don’t get a drop in productivity or innovation at those top levels so thinking about more progressive taxation schemes that would be good for everybody. Even in the United States, this is no longer on the left fringe.”
The review is a collaboration between Marmot’s Institute for Health Equity and the Health Foundation. It plans a “deep dive” analysis of key areas including early years and education, work and income and housing, places, and communities. It will be published in February 2020, exactly 10 years after the original.
“The original Marmot review was a landmark study, revealing the shocking scale of the health gap between the best and worst off in England,” said Tim Elwell-Sutton, assistant director of strategic partnerships at the Health Foundation.
“Although there has been progress in some areas since 2010, health inequalities are still widening and improvements in life expectancy are stalling. A flourishing society, ready to face the future, will only be possible if we understand what’s driving these trends and what can be done to reverse them.”
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French President Macron hopes to rebuild Notre-Dame in five years
Inti Landauro
Matthias Blamont
By Richard Lough and Elizabeth Pineau
PARIS (Reuters) - President Emmanuel Macron pledged on Tuesday that France would rebuild the fire-devastated Notre-Dame de Paris cathedral, saying he hoped the work would be done in five years and the French people would pull together to repair their national symbol.
Macron devoted a brief prime-time televised address to Monday's catastrophic blaze in the heart of the capital, again postponing planned remarks on his response to months of anti-government protests.
"We will rebuild Notre-Dame even more beautifully and I want it to be completed in five years, we can do it," Macron said.
"It is up to us to convert this disaster into an opportunity to come together, having deeply reflected on what we have been and what we have to be and become better than we are. It is up to us to find the thread of our national project."
"This is not a time for politics," added Macron, who had cancelled a speech planned on Monday evening on the response to the "yellow vest" protests.
He visited the site of the fire late on Monday and promised then to rebuild the cathedral, parts of which date to the 12th century.
The cathedral spire was destroyed and its roof gutted but the bell towers were still standing and many valuable art works were saved after more than 400 firemen worked to contain the blaze, finally quelling it 14 hours after it began.
As the city and the country grieved for a potent national symbol, billionaires, companies and local authorities were quick to offer donations.
Some 24 hours after the fire started, more than 750 million euros ($845 million) had been pledged, including 500 million from the three billionaire families that own France's giant luxury goods empires: Kering, LVMH and L'Oreal.
Paris public prosecutor Remy Heitz said there was no obvious indication the fire was arson. Fifty people were working on what would be a long and complex investigation, officials said.
(Graphic of the Notre-Dame fire: https://tmsnrt.rs/2XgGCRi)
(Graphic: Map and timeline - https://tmsnrt.rs/2DgHcXP)
(Graphic: 3D diagram of Notre-Dame - https://tmsnrt.rs/2DgH76t)
The fire swiftly ripped through the cathedral's oak roof supports, where workmen had been carrying out extensive renovations to the spire's timber-framed supports. Police began questioning the workers involved, the prosecutor's office said.
One firefighter was injured but no one else was hurt, with the fire starting at around 6:30 p.m. after the building was closed to the public for the evening.
Firefighters examined the facade, with its spectacular 10-metre filigreed stained-glass rose window still intact. They could be seen walking atop the belfries as police kept the area in lockdown.
Investigators will not be able to enter the cathedral's blackened nave until experts are satisfied its walls withstood the heat and the building is structurally sound.
"Yesterday we thought the whole cathedral would collapse. Yet this morning she is still standing, valiant, despite everything," said Sister Marie Aimee, a nun who had hurried to a nearby church to pray as the flames spread.
"CATHEDRAL OF THE PEOPLE"
Messages of condolence flooded in from around the world.
Pope Francis, the leader of the Catholic Church, was praying for those affected, the Vatican said, adding: "Notre-Dame will always remain - and we have seen this in these hours - a place where believers and non-believers can come together in the most dramatic moments of French history."
Britain's Queen Elizabeth expressed deep sadness while her son and heir Prince Charles said he was "utterly heartbroken". Chancellor Angela Merkel offered German help to rebuild a part of "our common European heritage".
Considered among the finest examples of European Gothic architecture, Notre-Dame is visited by more than 13 million people a year. It sits on an island in the Seine, overlooking the Left Bank hangouts of Ernest Hemingway and Pablo Picasso.
"Notre-Dame de Paris is the cathedral of the people, of the people of Paris, of the French people, of the people of the world. It is part of those references of our history, of what we have in common, of what we share," said Interior Minister Christophe Castaner.
It was at Notre-Dame that Henry VI of England was crowned "King of France" in 1431, that Napoleon was made emperor in 1804, and Pope Pius X beatified Joan of Arc in 1909. Presidents Charles de Gaulle and Francois Mitterrand were mourned there.
HUMAN CHAIN
The cathedral is owned by the state and has been at the centre of a dispute between the nation and the Paris archdiocese over who should finance restoration work to collapsed balustrades, crumbling gargoyles and cracked facades.
It was too early to estimate the cost of the damage, said the heritage charity Fondation du Patrimoine.
Paolo Violini, a restoration specialist for Vatican museums, said the pace of the fire's spread had been stunning.
"We are used to thinking about them as eternal simply because they have been there for centuries, or a thousand years, but the reality is they are very fragile," Violini said.
The company carrying out the renovation works when the blaze broke out said it would cooperate fully with the investigation.
"All I can tell you is that at the moment the fire began none of my employees were on the site. We respected all procedures," Julien Le Bras, a representative of family firm Le Bras Freres.
Many relics and artworks were saved. At one point, firefighters, policemen and municipal workers formed a human chain to remove the treasures, including a centuries-old crown of thorns made from reeds and gold, and the tunic believed to have been worn by Saint Louis, a 13th century king of France.
Gold, silver and gem-inlaid chalices, candelabras and many other artefacts survived the blaze.
(Reporting by Sudip Kar-Gupta, Inti Landauro, Richard Lough, Sarah White, Emmanuel Jarry, Luke Baker and John Irish in Paris; Additional reporting by Philip Pullella in Rome and Michelle Martin in Berlin; Writing by Richard Lough and Frances Kerry; Editing by Leigh Thomas, Peter Graff and Alison Williams)
Man who threatened to bomb Harvard ceremony for black students faces sentencing
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Teen who fled detention center pleads guilty
MAYS LANDING – An Atlantic City teen who burglarized two homes after fleeing a detention center has pleaded guilty to multiple charges, the Atlantic County Prosecutor’s Office said.
Teen who fled detention center pleads guilty MAYS LANDING – An Atlantic City teen who burglarized two homes after fleeing a detention center has pleaded guilty to multiple charges, the Atlantic County Prosecutor’s Office said. Check out this story on thehammontonnews.com: https://www.thehammontonnews.com/story/home/2019/02/18/teen-fled-detention-center-pleads-guilty/39077489/
Jim Walsh, Cherry Hill Courier-Post Published 4:53 p.m. ET Feb. 18, 2019
Raymir Lampkin, 17, was one of four teens who escaped from the Harborfields Juvenile Detention Center in Egg Harbor City in November 2017, the prosecutor’s office said in a statement.
The teens allegedly assaulted one staff member and stole another’s vehicle. They crashed the stolen vehicle “and ditched it ahead of a pursuing police cruiser,” the statement said.
Raymir Lampkin (Photo: Photo provided)
The teens fled on foot, taking a rifle and clothes during the burglary of an unoccupied home, the statement said. They then burglarized a second home occupied by a mother and her two children, the prosecutor’s office alleged.
Lampkin and two other teens were captured several hours after the escape in Bridgeton. The fourth teen was arrested the next day in Atlantic City.
Lampkin was being held at the detention center for an alleged shooting in Atlantic City in September 2016. Authorities alleged he fired into a car on New Jersey Avenue, wounding a passenger in September 2016.
Lampkin pleaded guilty to attempted murder, escape and two counts of burglary.
His recommended term includes a six-year term for attempted murder, followed by consecutive five-year terms for each burglary. The agreement also calls for a 13-year term, with no parole eligibility until he’s completed 85 percent of the sentence.
Lampkin is being held in the Essex County juvenile detention facility.
Read or Share this story: https://www.thehammontonnews.com/story/home/2019/02/18/teen-fled-detention-center-pleads-guilty/39077489/
Therapy dogs bring emotional support
Diocese of Camden releases names of 56 offender priests
Pumpkin craft makes smashing hit at library
Paving way from past to the future
Sept. 4, 2018, 4:13 p.m.
Lucy the Elephant welcomes visitors
Jan. 13, 2019, 10:32 a.m.
Mannino’s Cannoli Express opens shop
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Home » Campus » Campus area crime map March 25-31
Campus area crime map March 25-31
By Michael Lee: Lee.7240@osu.edu April 1, 2019 1 Comment
An incident of theft from a motor vehicle was reported to the Columbus Division of Police having occurred between 6 –10 a.m. March 24 on West Oakland Avenue between Neil Avenue and Williams Street (incident reported on March 25). According to the online police log, $670 of property was taken from the vehicle, including a handgun, ammunition and a banjo.
An incident of theft from a motor vehicle was reported to the Columbus Division of Police as having occurred between noon March 23 and 3 p.m. Friday on West Oakland Avenue between Neil Avenue and Williams Street. According to the online police log, $1,330 of property was taken, including a camera, SD cards and a camera bag. The police log also states that this incident was likely related to the theft occurring between 6-10 a.m. March 24.
An incident of criminal trespassing was reported to University Police as having occurred at 12:57 p.m. Wednesday at Doan Hall.
A burglary was reported to Columbus Police as having occurred between 6 p.m. Wednesday and 7 a.m. Thursday on East 17th Avenue near North High Street. According to the online police log, unknown suspects entered the building (no signs of forced entry) and stole $3,200 of building construction tools and equipment.
An incident of criminal trespassing was reported to University Police as having occurred between 12:42 p.m. and 1:07 p.m. Friday at Smith Laboratory.
A rape was reported to University Police as having occurred between 11:30 p.m. Friday and 7 a.m. Saturday at Siebert Hall.
A rape was reported to Columbus Police as having occurred between 2:35 a.m. and 7 a.m. Saturday in the 34th police cruiser district. The 34th cruiser district is bordered in the east by the train tracks near East Fourth Street and by the Olentangy River in the west, and by East Lane Avenue in the south and Arcadia Avenue in the north (crime not depicted on map).
burglary Ohio State campus Campus crime Columbus Columbus Division of Police cpd crime map crime on campus criminal trespassing ohio state campus map of crime ohio state osu rape ohio state campus theft from a motor vehicle ohio state campus 2019-04-01
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Allen Adams
edge staff writer
Weird National Briefs (12/19/2018)
Fowl odor
LOUISVILLE, Ky. - If the smell of Kentucky Fried Chicken roasting on an open fire appeals to you, you’re in luck.
KFC tweeted on Thursday that it is offering an 11 Herbs and Spices Firelog, saying it’s the best way to make your fire smell less like fire and more like chicken.
The 5-pound fire log is available on the company’s website and is limited to one per customer while supplies last.
KFC says the $18.99 fire log can burn for up to three hours, but there are some warnings that go with it: It may result in cravings for fried chicken and attract hungry neighbors or bears. And even though it smells great, it’s not safe to eat.
TME – Worst Yule log ever.
Scuba Santa
SAN FRANCISCO - It’s a busy time for Santa Claus, but he’s making time to feed some fish in San Francisco.
The California Academy of Sciences launched its holiday festivities Thursday by having a scuba diver dressed as St. Nick submerge into a coral reef exhibit while dozens of children watched from behind the glass.
The “Scuba Santa” show runs through Christmas Day. It takes place during the morning feed at the Philippine Coral Reef tank at the San Francisco museum.
Volunteer diver George Bell donned his Santa suit, from hat to coal black boots, and scuba gear for a recent feed and fielded visitors’ questions from inside the tank.
The Philippine Coral Reef tank has thousands of reef fish representing about 100 species.
People can watch Santa’s appearance online by webcam.
TME – Terrible what happened to those reindeer, though.
Flipping out – and off
WESTFORD, Vt. - A Vermont man who is in an ongoing dispute with his town has let officials know exactly how he feels by erecting a large wooden sculpture of a fist with the middle finger raised on his front lawn.
Ted Pelkey said Thursday that he has been trying for about 10 years to move his truck repair and recycling business to his property but has been unable to get a permit. He paid about $3,000 to have the roughly 7-foot-tall (2-meter-tall) sculpture carved with a chain saw. In November, he put it on a 16-foot (4.8-meter) pole with lights where it can be seen from the road.
“I wasn’t trying to get fame out of it at all.... I’m just mad,” he said. “I just got pushed in the corner, and it’s just I’m done with it.”
Since the sculpture went up, people have been stopping by during the day and even night to take photos of it and with it.
“Oh, God. It’s crazy,” Pelkey said. “People are out there at 11 o’clock at night taking pictures with their Santa hats on. It’s wonderful, I think.”
Late Thursday morning, three people pulled off of Route 128 to snap photos within an hour, including a woman from Maine who was in Vermont for work.
Westford Select Board Chairwoman Allison Hope said she could not comment on Pelkey’s case. He has appealed a recent decision.
“So we’re in the middle of an appeal that’s been going on for a while,” she said. “So I want to make sure that we use the process that Mr. Pelkey has a right to avail himself of, and I don’t want to mess with that process.”
She added that the town office has “a really great, really professional staff.”
“In terms of other folks, they do a really wonderful job no matter who comes to talk to them about permit applications,” she added. “They want to get to yes, but they also need to follow the zoning regulations that we have in town.”
TME – He’s got his finger on the pulse of that town.
Songbird smuggling
NEW YORK - Customs officials at New York’s John F. Kennedy International Airport say they found 70 live finches hidden inside hair rollers.
Authorities say a passenger arriving from Guyana on Saturday had the songbirds in a duffel bag.
The New York Times reports officials believe the birds were brought to the U.S. to participate in singing contests. Customs officials say people bet on how many times the finches chirp, and a winning male finch can sell for up to $10,000.
The birds were turned over to veterinarians to the U.S. Agriculture Department, and the passenger was sent back to Guyana.
U.S. Customs and Border Protection says bird smuggling could threaten agriculture through the possible spread of diseases such as bird flu.
Customs officers have seized about 184 finches this year.
TME – Just remember – finches get … stinches?
Crash on the couch
TEMPLETON, Mass. - A pickup truck has smashed through a home in Massachusetts, barely missing a woman who was asleep on her couch.
Police say the crash happened around 11:30 a.m. Thursday in Templeton.
Tracy Samuels, who was sleeping on the couch, says she heard a loud bang, woke up and said, “Why is there a truck in my living room?”
The truck destroyed the family’s Christmas tree and their gifts, but no one was injured in the crash.
Tracy Samuels’ husband, Jason, says the items they lost are replaceable. But he says he and his wife have been together for 27 years, and he can’t replace her.
Police are still investigating the cause of the crash, and no charges have been filed.
The home has been temporarily condemned.
TME – Sir, this is (not) an Arby’s drive-through.
MONMOUTH BEACH, N.J. - Police in New Jersey have given $3 to the person who found it 14 years ago.
Paige Woodie was 12 years old when she and a friend discovered the cash and turned it into a Monmouth Beach police officer in 2004.
Sgt. Jeff Godwin tells the Asbury Park Press people who turn in found money are able to claim it within a reasonable amount of time if no one comes forward. The cash turned up during an audit and police “thought it had been long enough.”
Woodie says officers came to her home and asked if she could remember what she did in 2004. She couldn’t think of anything bad. That’s when the officers turned over the $3 in an evidence bag.
She says half belongs to her friend.
TME – Straight cash, homey.
Published in Weird National Briefs
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More in this category: « Weird National Briefs (05/03/2017) Weird National Briefs (07/03/2019) »
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Inefficiency and the power crisis
Shahzad Tahir
The promise to end loadshedding in 30 days, six months, a year or even three years appears to be a sustained slogan of the ruling party since the 2013 elections. However, there is always a new timeline at the end.
On average, the power shortfall in the country hovers around 5,000MWs during the year while a considerable portion of the GDP is knocked off by the menace that echoes in every corner of the country: loadshedding.
With the commencement of CPEC, the people of Pakistan were given the hope that the 10,350MWs of priority energy projects and 5,820MWs of actively promoted projects under CPEC will shed away the murk of load-shedding forever. However, the fact to consider is whether generation is the sole elixir of the power sector’s despair?
Understanding the power value chain is vital before we can develop a better understanding of the term ‘loadshedding’. In Pakistan, at the generation side, power-generation entities comprise government-owned Gencos, Wapda hydel power units and independent power producers (IPPs). All the power that is produced is procured by the government through the NTDC or the CPPA.
At the distribution end, 10 state-owned distribution companies – Discos – channel energy purchased from the NTDC to consumers. K-Electric, a vertically integrated entity, also forms part of the power sector while the National Electric Power Regulatory Authority (Nepra), as the regulator, controls all tariff-setting, licensing, standard-setting and investment approval affairs.
Admittedly, the national grid is devoid of the demanded megawatts. But the issue seems to be the anatomy of the power sector more than the capacity. Circular debt continues to haunt the sector every now and then. The drivers of circular debt, as per Section G of the National Power Tariff and Subsidy Power Guidelines 2014 include the difference between the actual cost and the tariff determined by Nepra – which is the distribution company’s loss over and collections under that allowed by Nepra – the delay or non-payment of subsidies by the government and the delayed determination and notification of tariffs.
Tariffs set by Nepra are usually altered by the government. This is done for two reasons. First, to ensure uniformity against the price disparity across the country – ie the lowest Nepra-awarded tariff among all Discos is set as the prevailing tariff with the difference paid by the government as the tariff differential subsidy. Second, the subsidies paid to Discos for certain socially and economically deprived segments, such as agricultural communities or the residents of Fata or AJK residents.
An integral component of Nepra’s tariff-setting mechanism relies on the unrealistic assumption of 100 percent recoveries and line losses of 15.3 percent. Considering the state of distribution infrastructure, the targets are unrealistic. According to the former federal secretary for water and power, “in 2014, the difference between Nepra-assumed recoveries and line and actual losses was around 15 percent (recoveries 88.6 percent against Nepra assumption of 100 percent and the line losses 19.1 percent against Nepra assumed 15.3 percent). Each percentage point costs Rs9 billion to Rs10 billion and it was set to contribute roughly Rs140 billion to the circular debt annually, which would have pushed it from Rs298 billion in December 2014 to Rs572 billion in December 2016, but it actually remained at Rs393 billion on December 31, 2016”.
The government’s efficacy in curbing the delay or non-payment of subsidies by the government can be reflected by the audited financial statements of just one out of the 10 Discos – around Rs7.76 billion – stands as receivable from the government on the balance sheet of Iesco whereas the company registered a net loss of Rs7.74 billion for the year which ended on June 30, 2016.
To ensure the delayed determination and the notification of tariffs does not occur, it is fundamental to analyse the steps which were taken. Global trends are proving the efficacy of the role of corporate governance and increased board independence in efficient oversight, operations and the success of corporate entities. The treasury benches, through amendments in Sections 186 and Section 187 in the Companies Ordinance 2016, slashed the independence of state-owned enterprises boards, such as Discos and Gencos, making the entities more vulnerable to political interference.
Furthermore, the term ‘regulator’ now effectively stands nullified with the PM’s approval of amendments in the Regulation of Generation, Transmission and Distribution of Electric Power Act, 1997 in the latest meeting of the Council of Common Interests. A similar attempt was made by the government in December 2016 as well by bringing regulators under the administrative control of the ministry. However, it was eventually shot down through a court order. One of the agonies of the power sector players remains the delayed notifications of tariff and bureaucratic hurdles in the regulatory mechanism, which increase the cost of business and ultimately thwarts operational efficiencies.
With the government’s farewell to Nepra’s independent oversight over tariff-setting, which direction is the regulator set to sail? Ironically, the establishment of Nepra was part of the Power Sector Reform Programme of 1992, which began during the first government of Nawaz Sharif in 1991.
It is pertinent to mention that the incumbent government has remained fortunate in terms of the low oil prices, which translate into fuel price adjustment in the power sector. Low oil prices have led to a reduction of 46 percent of the power sector’s budget for 2015-16 against the backdrop of the reduced subsidies that the government had to pay. Yet, we stand today on the brink of another circular debt crisis.
Under the current modus operandi, Discos – being the prime node of inflows from the end consumer in the value chain – are subjected to an array of cash flow, governance, regulatory and structural impediments, which adversely affect the liquidity and profitability positions of these distribution entities. This ultimately translates into impediments for generation at the other end. In addition to that are the similar penuries – like the delayed government payments to IPPs – which force them to invoke their sovereign guarantees.
Unless the across-the-board structural inefficiencies in the power sector are addressed, the deadlines set by the government to end loadshedding cannot be met.
The writer is a chartered accountant.
Email: shahzadtahirkgmail.com
Twitter: Shahzad_91
The housing promise
The PM visits Washington
Security and justice after the merger
The resigning ambassador
E-courts and beyond
Flawed food dependency
The fear party
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Updated Jan. 1, 2019 at 12:58 PM
Jimmy Osmond suffers stroke during show in England
Jimmy Osmond has suffered a stroke and been hospitalized. Photo courtesy of Wikimedia Commons
Marie Osmond's younger brother, entertainer Jimmy Osmond, has been hospitalized after he suffered a stroke on stage during a show in England. File Photo by Chris Chew/UPI | License Photo
Jan. 1 (UPI) -- Jimmy Osmond's publicist said the entertainer was hospitalized in England after suffering a stroke on stage during a show at the Birmingham Hippodrome.
"On the evening of Thursday 27 December, after pushing through the evening's performance of Peter Pan at Birmingham Hippodrome, Jimmy Osmond was driven straight to hospital and diagnosed with a stroke," Osmond's representative said in a statement Monday.
Osmond, 55, is the brother of music stars Donny and Marie Osmond.
He was playing Captain Hook in a pantomime of Peter Pan when he fell ill, but he finished his performance and even signed autographs for admirers before accepting medical attention.
He reportedly will not return to the show, which is to wrap up Jan. 27. His understudy is taking over the part.
"Prayers for my brother Jimmy," Marie tweeted Monday.
"Thank you all for your thoughts and prayers on behalf of my little brother, Jimmy. I love you, brother," Donny wrote in his own post.
Christina Aguilera, Ryan Seacrest brave rain for New Year's broadcast 'Stranger Things' Season 3 to premiere on July 4 Ricky Martin announces birth of daughter
Cosplayers attend Supercon in Miami
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December 17, 1969 was a historical date for the congregation of the Van Buren United Pentecostal Church. On that date, Pastor C. J. Rashall, trustees Norman Garner and Loyd Emery signed the warranty deed for property at 804 Pointer Trail.
A church building on that site at that particular time was only a dream. Prior to that time, burdened men of God, from the Arkansas District, supplied preachers and used Van Buren as a preaching point with the hope of establishing a work in the city. Through man's eyes it might have appeared that this effort was unsuccessful. However, through God's eye the seeds were planted.
Eventually someone would answer the call to start a United Pentecostal Church. That someone was Bro. Calvin Rashall from the Texas District. Bro. Rashall met Bro. Robert Bennett at the Texas camp meeting in 1968. Bro. Bennett was pastoring in Siloam Springs, Arkansas and was the sectional presbyter at the time. He was in the Texas District to express his burden and desire to find someone to come to Van Buren and start a church. Bro. Bennett had been one of those who had previously come to Van Buren and held some services. His desire was to have a permanent church in the city rather than just utilizing it as a preaching point. His prayers were answered and on August 9, 1968 Bro. Rashall, his wife, and his one year old daughter moved to Arkansas.
Just an interesting side note of another event that occurred in 1968 at that same Texas District camp ground - On June 5th, 1968 a twelve year old boy, who attended the Groves, Texas United Pentecostal Church would receive the Holy Ghost during youth camp. On June 6th, at camp, that same boy would be first in line to be baptized in Jesus name.
That young boy had an uncle named Clifford Herrin who just happened to be the uncle, through marriage, of Calvin Rashall. Bro. Herrin would later preach a revival for Calvin Rashall in Van Buren, AR.
That young boy, Steve Davis, who had no knowledge of Van Buren, Arkansas or of Calvin Rashall would assume pastoral leadership of the church on October 4th, 1981.
Reverting back to Bro. Rashall now. They moved to Van Buren in August 1968 and their second daughter was born here. The Rashall's rented a house and held services in their living room. After awhile, they were able to rent an old stone building on the eastside of town. After about a year, the property was bought on Pointer Trail. Bro. Rashall and his dad, Grady Rashall, would work many hours clearing debris from the lot.
Bro. Rashall drew plans for a building and had them approved by the city but did not get to follow through with his dream. He soon felt led to take a church in Spartenburg, South Carolina. He did however lay the groundwork so others could build the church he'd dreamed of in the city of Van Buren.
Shortly after Bro. Rashall's departure, Bro. Donald O'Bryan became the pastor. He and his family moved to Van Buren in November 1970. They continued having church in the same rented building. After awhile, Bro. O'Bryan's wife spurred him into action. She had been praying and thinking about the status of the church. She knew the church had property and thought it preposterous for the congregation to continue renting. Bro. O'Bryan felt the same and they decided it was time to build! He stepped out by faith and with hard work, as well as the blessing of God, the program moved along. Other pastors helped in the labor, such as Bro. Delbert Anderson, who pastored in Ozark at the time.
In November 1971, the Van Buren United Pentecostal Church had a home of their own at 804 Pointer Trail. The block building was approximately eighty feet by twenty-four feet. Before Bro. O'Bryan resigned as pastor in September 1975, families were added to the congregation. The Emery and Garner families had been there from the start of the church but the Looney, Hale, and Nicholson families as well as Sis. Turner, Bonnie Wilhite and boys joined. Bro. O'Bryan used bus ministry as one of the tools of evangelism. They also promoted passing out tracts.
Another interesting footnote, one of those tracts (church invitation) is still in circulation nearly thirty years later. Bro. Davis, the current pastor, was working at the local school when he spotted a Bible on the desk of the Assistant Principal, Debbie Faubus. He thumbed through the Bible and was shocked to see a tract saying "You are invited" with her name written at the top. On the back of the tract was the church name and location with Bro. O'Bryans name as pastor. Mrs. Faubus almost thirty years later would visit the church for the new sanctuary dedication service in May 2001.
Bro. Wilket followed Bro. O'Bryan as pastor but stayed only a short time. After he left, Bro. Jessie Nickell took over in his place. It is believed he pastored for six months. During his time he improved the interior of the church building. He added electrical wall switches so the lights would no longer have to be turned on at the breaker box. He also added rooms near the platform and improved the paneling on the side walls.
After Bro. Nickell resigned, the church was without a pastor. In the absence of a pastor the church shut down. Where once the glory of God had been present to heal, deliver, and save, it now seemed His glory had departed. Surrounding churches took in the former members of the Van Buren United Pentecostal Church. All that remained of 804 Pointer Trail to indicate it had at one time been someone's dream was an empty building. However, God was not through.
His spirit began to stir and started searching for a willing servant. A young family was on their first evangelistic tour. It had taken them into Michigan, Indiana, and finally into Arkansas. While in Arkansas, God began to deal with their hearts about pastoring and the town of Van Buren got a hold of them. Previous efforts by wonderful men of God had already laid the foundation for a work to be established in Van Buren. Property had been purchased and a small cinder block building was already owned by the United Pentecostal Church organization. It seemed past efforts were in vain and there was talk by some officials to sell the property. It took three months of seeking permission to re-open the doors. It was with great joy that Rev. Larry Talent and family finally received the keys and blessing of Bro. James Lumpkin (the District Superintendent). They were ready to proceed with the work of God in Van Buren.
The property at the time was in terrible condition. Tall weeds covered the place and a bush hog was used in order to get in the door. Trash had blown up around the building making the place a real eye sore to the neighborhood. Vandals had knocked out windows and glass and debris lay strewn over the bare concrete floors. The Talent's had little to work with, but they cleaned, mowed, and repaired so they could get ready for their first service. There were seven in attendance for that service Sunday morning, October 9th , 1977.
As time went by, other improvements were made. Carpet, window treatments, air conditioning, wall paper, and more was done to better the appearance. After much time and work the church building was still not a beautiful edifice, but it was sufficient for the glory of the Lord to revisit the sanctuary. That little building served not only as a church but as a school classroom for Faith Center Academy. For a time, it served as both of these as well as a parsonage. All night prayer meetings were hosted under that roof.
With Bro. Talent's evangelistic preaching and a desire to reach the lost, souls would be added to the church. Families would move in to assist him in his efforts. During his pastorate the following families claimed 804 Pointer Trail as their place of worship; Branham, Jones, Hayes, Parks, McVay, Casey, Wing, Hill, Hagler, Young, Gallagher, Pellow, and others. Many visitors would come through the doors. Unfortunately, the economy would began to decline and families would leave the area seeking jobs elsewhere.
One evening while in prayer with another brother, Bro. Talent and the man looked out the window toward Pointer Trail. They began to pray in the spirit and claimed a beautiful new building for the Glory of God.
Bro. Talent would dream of a new sanctuary but God would send someone else to actually construct it. Bro. Talent would resign the church in September of 1981 and Bro. Steve Davis would be elected.
Bro. Davis' first service as pastor would be October 4, 1981. There were fifteen people present on that Sunday morning. It was a smooth transition between pastorates. The church would remain open and a new era began.
For several years the church continued to struggle. However, low attendance did not affect the move of the Spirit.
God was gracious and blessed the church with His presence. The church, although small in number, was great in faith. Bro. Davis set a goal to have $1000 in the treasure after one year of pastoring. The church was on pace to do this. After the money was saved, the church intended to buy a bus. Everything was on pace until Bro. Davis attended a ministers Sheaves for Christ kick-off meeting at Northside U.P.C. At that rally, it was pointed out that on the foreign field it averaged $27 to win a soul. Bro. Davis felt a quickening in his spirit. In man's eyes the Van Buren Church might have been averaging in the teens or twenties in attendance, but Bro. Davis calculated that in God's eyes the Van Buren Church attendance could increase by 50 people if the church could give enough money so 50 people could be swept into the Kingdom on the missions field. He committed to giving $1350 to Sheaves for Christ. This seemed an unrealistic goal. The church had given $25 to Sheaves for Christ the previous year, but this new pastor from Texas decided to step beyond the realm of evidence and walk through the door of faith. Bro. Davis felt that other ministers in the room were thinking he was making a pledge based on emotion, but they could not know that it went beyond emotion and a competitive spirit. God had spoke to his heart! When Bro. Davis informed the church of his commitment they now knew that the goal of $1000 in the treasure was just a fading dream. The church pulled together and went to work. The church at that time did not have a youth group. The older folks acted like they were in the youth group and they labored through the summer. When it was all said and done, God did it.
In September of 1982, the small fund had accumulated to $1400 and Sheaves for Christ had placed the Van Buren Church in the top 25 churches in Arkansas for giving. The next month, the first anniversary month there was also a thousand dollars in the treasure! God honors faith and works! The miracle did not stop there. Later during the holidays, Bro. Davis was visiting his parents in Port Neches, Texas. The phone rang and Dennis Cooper, Sunday School superintendent in Jacinto City, Texas church was trying to locate Bro. Davis. A business person (Mr. Swinney) in Houston felt led to donate a school bus to the church in Van Buren. Bro. Davis, while assisting pastor in Jacinto City, had preached Mr. Swinney's mother's funeral. God moved on Mr. Swinney, and he responded. Later, Bro. Davis and his dad drove a big school bus over 450 miles through the mountains and snow.
The Sheaves for Christ drive contained two of several points that would be a consistent mark of Bro. Davis' ministry. One of those marks would be sacrificial giving to the work of God through the various departments of the United Pentecostal Church. Another mark would be a love for missions work. Both home and foreign missions have been the recipients of blessings from the Van Buren United Pentecostal Church. On one occasion, the Van Buren U.P.C. took on fifteen partners in mission in one service. Through the years thousands of dollars have been given toward missions. Bro. Davis feels with all his heart that God has blessed the Van Buren Church because it has been involved with the heartbeat of God - missions.
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Alien Conspiracies And Mysteries Of The Mayans
First Published: November 3, 2018 Last updated: March 6th, 2019 Written by: Marcus Lowth Estimated Reading Time: 6 minutes Posted in: Aliens
The ancient civilization of the Mayans is fascinating in its own right, and perhaps on par with such other ancient societies as the ancient Egyptians or Sumerians. And, much like the ancient Egyptians and Sumerians, there are ample suggestions in their ancient writings and legends of some kind of outside influence, possibly extraterrestrial. When you look at the highly advanced nature of the Mayan civilization, for example, including advanced knowledge of the alignment of the stars and the positioning of the planets, it is hard not to look at such suggestions of alien contact in the distant past in a new light.
The ruins of much of the Mayan civilization lay in the middle of dense jungles in what is now southern Mexico, Guatemala, Honduras, and Belize. Furthermore, these architecturally precise monuments, buildings, and temples are also astronomically sympathetic and accurate. Where did this knowledge, for buildings dating back at least 1800 BC, come from? Further still, how did the Mayans – supposedly without tools or the wheel – manage to construct such monstrous buildings in such dense jungle areas? Not least, due to the “thin soil” often found in such jungles which simply should not have supported these huge buildings? And how, in this otherwise unfriendly terrain, did they achieve such advanced methods of agriculture and irrigation? Were the Mayans really responsible for these ancient cities? Or, like other advanced ancient civilizations, might the origins of such societies stem from other worlds, somewhere in the stars?
Before we move on, check out the short video below. It looks at the basics of the Mayans, a most fascinating culture.
The Most Advanced Of The Ancient Civilizations?
Palenque And Pakal The Great
The Tomb Of Pakal!
The Colossal Heads Of The Olmecs – Proof Of An Ancient “Original” Civilization?
The 3,000-Year-Old Landing Pad?
Many scholars of history, both in the mainstream and on the fringes, now state that the most advanced of all the advanced civilizations, including the ancient Egyptians, Babylonians, and Sumerians, were by far the Mayans, although that statement and assertion is still very much up for debate to some.
For example, as well as their advanced forms of agriculture and forest gardens, they made great use of the water supplies at their disposal. They were able to create aqueducts using water pressure which would siphon water from the surrounding rivers, often sending it uphill, so that it would reach the cities. Even water supplies and sewage wastes were separate.
It wasn’t just the day-to-day living standards which were of high advancements. Still today there remains “ballcourts” where the Mayans played a team game, extremely similar to modern-day basketball, where a ball had to be thrown or placed through a sideways-on concrete hoop on a wall on one side of the court.
For all of their advancements, however, part of their society was brutal in that it relied heavily on blood sacrifices. This is an interesting fact, particularly when we study the creation legends that speak of Quetzalcoatl, the “feathered serpent” who as well as beginning the Mayan civilization, is featured throughout all of ancient Mesoamerican culture. Might these serpent origins suggest a reptilian link who, if we believe the claims, require the intake of human blood to maintain their human form? Might that explain the rampant number of blood sacrifices in the ancient Mayan world?
Although the ruins of the ancient Mayan city of Palenque date back to around 200 BC, the city underwent an advanced transformation in the 600s under the rule of Pakal the Great, who we will come to shortly. Following the death of Ajen Yohl Mat, whose rule over Palenque was disastrous and saw the city partly destroyed and run into the ground, Janaab Pakal would assume power in 612, in part due to political lobbying that would see him assume the duties of king, but he wouldn’t be crowned. This is an interesting situation and one that can also be found in the ruling lines and dynasties of other ancient societies. Ralph Ellis demonstrates this perfectly in the book Jesus – Last of the Pharaohs of how families and influential people assume roles and positions, eventually maneuvering themselves or their successors into positions of power and the dynastic bloodline.
And much like certain dynastic lines in ancient Egypt, the origins and background of Pakal are uncertain. Some claim him to be the brother of Ajen Yohl Mat, but if this was the case he should have been crowned king in his own right. Instead his daughter, Sak K’uk ruled as queen for three years until her son, K’inich Janaab Pakal I (or Pakal the Great) assumed control at 12-years old. Incidentally, Pakal the Great’s father was K’an Mo’Hix, who interestingly or not, some claim was also the father of Ajen Yohl Mat. If this is true, it is a good example of how the same “bloodline” maintains control but with an added “outside influence” now within that bloodline.
Pakal the Great would go on to arguably be the greatest of the Mayan rulers and was the penultimate ruler of the ancient Mayans. He would rule for almost seventy years.
One of the most interesting relics of the Mayan world is the Tomb of Pakal (the Great). And more specifically, the sarcophagus lid. It shows Pakal himself seated and appearing to look upwards. According to mainstream interpretations, he is preparing for his journey into the underworld. However, many people, certainly those who subscribe to the ancient astronaut theory, believe what the carving really shows is a depiction of Pakal positioned in a very real, nuts and bolts craft. One that may indeed have been capable of taking the Mayan king up into space. Might this suggest some kind of hybridization with an alien race? Perhaps even to such creator gods as Quetzalcoatl?
It is certainly an interesting theory, and it is easy to see where the comparison to the spacecraft comes from. Researcher and model maker, Paul Francis would manage to create what such a craft might look like.
Firstly, the positioning of Pakal appears to show him in a seated position. Very similar, according to ancient astronaut theorist and author, Erich Von Daniken to “modern-day astronauts”. Furthermore, his hands appear to be actively manipulating controls. His feet, meanwhile, seem to be pressing down on some kind of pedal, perhaps an accelerator? Even more intriguing, a tube appears to be attached and fixed to Pakal’s nose. According to legend, this particular piece is called the ‘giver of life’. As Francis would state, a giver of life could very much “be oxygen (in order) to breathe”. Might this giver of life have been an oxygen mask for space travel?
The short video below looks at this remarkable theory, as well as Francis’ model, which is stunning in itself.
There are also other bizarre discoveries in locations once a part of the Mayan world. One of the strangest of these is the discovery of strange stone heads. Of which, thirteen have been found to date. These heads show the faces of people not thought to have been indigenous to the area. Certainly not at the time they were carved (thought to be over 2,000 years ago, at least). Among these, are faces more akin to Africa, the Far East, and even China.
What’s more, each of these huge stone, intricate carvings appear to have a strange head-piece on. Many subscribers to the ancient astronaut theory insist this headgear looks very similar to some kind of space-helmet.
Given that, at least according to mainstream history, there was no contact between the Mayans of the ancient world and other civilizations from such places as Africa or China, why were such depictions present in these mammoth stone heads? They must have been considered important for such detail and depictions to have been made in the first place. If the heads are the work of the Mayans, where did they see such other cultures? Or might they hail from a previous time?
Do these thirteen stone heads, showing faces apparently “typical” of different parts of the world, suggest a one-time original civilization? Do these heads represent the apparent “creator” gods? Is the number thirteen relevant? Legends say, for example, there are thirteen crystal skulls from the ancient world. One of which, incidentally, has apparent Mayan origins. Or what of the constant legends from around the world of twelve followers and one, special, divine, leader? Do they share connections with these thirteen stone heads? And do they suggest a history much different from the one we know?
Although the incident would end in court among accusations of fraud and breach of contract, a potential documentary on the Mayans set for release in 2012 claimed to have proof of alien contact in the past between an extraterrestrial race and the Mayan culture.
In fact, even the Mexican Minister for Tourism, Luis August Garcia Rosado, would speak up. He would claim there were “3,000-year-old landing pads” in the Mexican jungles. Rosado would elaborate even more stating that extraterrestrials and the ancient Mayans had contact in the distant past. A claim “supported by translations of certain codices”. According to Rosado, the Mexican government had these translations secure in “underground vaults” and had done for some time.
However, before the release, the film’s producer Raul Julia-Levy would suddenly halt production. He would claim his partner, Elizabeth Theriot, was attempting to take control of production, a charge she essentially countered. A judge would ultimately rule in her favor. Furthermore, some of the claims of Julia-Levy would face specific scrutiny. In particular, that the Mexican government would release proof of alien contact. And that they were “working alongside him” on the project.
Was Julia-Levy simply an eager filmmaker making big claims? Or might his sudden fall from grace have been much more calculated? And what of the claims of Rosado? Only time will tell if any more information is forthcoming. The short video below looks at the apparent connections between the ancient Mayans and extraterrestrial contact.
The Hall Of Records And Proof Of Advanced Ancient Civilizations “Experts” Say We’ll Not See Proven Alien Contact For Another 1,500 Years UFOs, Aliens, And Contact Events In Ancient Writings? Project Sigma And Conspiracies Of The Greys Conspiracies And Extraterrestrial Links To Leonardo da Vinci
About Marcus Lowth
Marcus Lowth is a writer with a love for anything interesting, from UFOs, aliens, and the Ancient Astronaut Theory, to the paranormal, general conspiracies and unsolved mysteries. He also has a passion for film, music, and the NFL. Marcus has been Editor-in-Chief for several years due to his excellent knowledge in these fields. Marcus also regularly appears as an expert on radio talk shows discussing these topics.
You can contact Marcus via email.
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Marcus Lowth says:
Many thanks for that 🙂
john ventre says:
6 yrs ago I was considered a 2012 expert. Here’s my lecture: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0k4SuLblVNM&t=3452s
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Culture > Arts
Artist Diana Al-Hadid on Fate, Form, and Freud—and Her New Exhibition at the Secession in Vienna
by Thessaly La Force
Photographed by Mark Peckmezian
“Maybe you can help me out,” Diana Al-Hadid says to me with a soft smile on her face. She’s standing in the single air-conditioned room of her East Williamsburg studio in front of a desktop computer. It’s late summer, and final decisions must be made for her upcoming exhibition at the Secession in Vienna, Austria. Namely, she needs to decide on a title. “There is a danger to titles,” she notes with a tilt of her head. “There is something nice about them, but it can be another mark on the piece.” She also needs to decide which of her early sketches should be included in the catalogue. Over the past few weeks, a large installation she created for the exhibition—consisting of a large interlocking arrangement of sculptures and additional panels—has been shipped off to Europe, and in the heat of the summer, you can feel the negative space that its departure has created throughout the studio. The opening date, September 11, feels awfully close, but Al-Hadid is very calm about all the loose ends and unanswered questions.
That might be her point. Al-Hadid, who is 33 years old, has been working on the installation for the last two years, between creating other works of art at a prolific pace. With the Vienna installation in particular, she wanted to take her time, to let the idea come to her without knowing exactly where she was going or what she was doing. “I really didn’t set up to understand it,” she explains. “I didn’t have anything to understand. I wanted to start from scratch—it was really raw. I was interested in what you gravitate towards without being too conscious of it.” As she explains its various components (using materials such as gold leaf, steel, wood, plaster, and fiberglass), it’s impressive to hear how much she trusts her peripheral vision as an artist—how she lets certain narratives or references speak to her, slowly, and allow their importance to bubble up through her subconscious.
“We started with this figure,” Al-Hadid says, pointing to the bust in the center of the piece. “She was this woman I had laying around—she was almost decomposing in the studio.” Al-Hadid is referring to the cast of a mold for a sculpture called Antonym that she showed two years ago at the Marianne Boesky Gallery in New York. She kept the cast, and over time, as it began to acquire a Duchamp-like patina from plaster fillings and studio dust, the form began to haunt her imagination. “I had this residual person in my studio, which is kind of gross, but her surfaces looked a lot like my drawings,” she says. “It was decomposing and rotting, but it was also kind of beautiful because I had worked on it so much.” Al-Hadid set the figure floating on a pedestal and became fixated with creating several layers and playing with opacity, eventually filling in the space around her with what she called “razor-thin puddles”—even leaving a discombobulated leg trailing off behind the bust.
The female form is referenced more subtly in a separate panel of the installation—and it reveals a bit more of the gears turning inside Al-Hadid’s mind. The form in question belongs to Gradiva, a fictional figure, here deconstructed, sliced into four parts, like a “stutter,” according to Al-Hadid. The character of Gradiva (the “woman who walks”) originally appeared in a 1903 novella by the German writer Wilhelm Jensen, but was popularized by Sigmund Freud four years later, in a 1907 essay about dreams and delusions. The story goes something like this: A young archaeologist discovers a Roman bas-relief of a beautiful woman walking. He falls completely under her spell. Writes Jensen: “He could not explain what quality in it had aroused his attention; he knew only that he had been attracted by something, and this effect of the first view had remained unchanged since then.” It “attracts him so exceptionally,” Freud writes in his subsequent summary of the novella, “that he is delighted to be able to get an excellent plaster-cast of it which he can hang up in his study in a German university-city, and study with interest.” Soon, the archaeologist begins to see Gradiva everywhere—he thinks he recognizes her feminine gait in a woman walking down the street. He has a vivid dream that he encounters her in the ancient city of Pompeii. Later, we learn that the archaeologist’s obsession with Gradiva is rooted in a repressed memory of a childhood love. “Freud thought of this as a metaphor for the psychoanalytic process,” adds Al-Hadid.
When asked if Al-Hadid’s fascination with Gradiva might explain on some subconscious level her attraction to using the cast from Antonym, the artist beams. Jensen’s novella illustrates how obsession can manifest itself subconsciously by an attraction to a particular form, repeated over and over in different settings and states—just in the way the archaeologist believes he sees Gradiva wherever he goes, both in the flesh and in rubble, in present day and also in the past. “She is a little bit of a double,” Al-Hadid says. “She’s the same as Gradiva—that’s good, good. She’s the castoff—I didn’t excavate that from my mind.” She laughs. “I didn’t think, ‘She’s the first one, she’s the one that made the mold. She’s the original.’ Funny!”
Al-Hadid loves to reference art from centuries past, and she shares another one of her starting points for the installation: a well-known oil-on-wood painting called Allegory of Chastity, by Hans Memling, which depicts a woman piously standing in the center of an imposing mountain. Al-Hadid used the image to create one of the panels. “It’s the weirdest painting ever, maybe not the weirdest ever, but she is emerging from a mountain,” Al-Hadid says, shaking her head in wonder. “She is cut and pasted, grafted onto this mountain, like it’s her body part—I mean, to have a mountain as gaping hole. . . ”
Asked why she’s drawn toward artwork from centuries past,she pauses, searching for an answer that never comes. Later, when I ask her what led her to become an artist in the first place, her assistant enters the room and, overhearing us, insists that Al-Hadid show me her juvenilia. Al-Hadid opens another file on the computer, unveiling early sketches and drawings she made when she was in high school, well after she immigrated to the United States from Syria, where she was born. One is a remarkably precise rendering of a little girl with a ponytail, her head resting on her chin, glasses slipping down the bridge of her nose. Al-Hadid lets out a hearty laugh and recalls the inspiration: She was copying an advertisement. “My big creative moment was getting rid of the Crayola marker she’s holding in her left hand,” she says. I remark on how painstakingly detailed it appears. “I was trying to be a Northern Renaissance painter,” she says, after a pause. “I was trying to be van Eyck. I never thought about that. Maybe that’s the attraction.”
Everything in Al-Hadid’s approach feels unencumbered by pretense or an overbearing sense of purpose. What comes to her as an artist simply becomes part of the work; her need to explain the idea is less necessary than expressing it. Later, when I write to ask her if she’s decided upon a title, she responds that she has. She has decided to call it “The Fates.”
“The Fates”opens at the Secession in Vienna on September 11 and is on view through November 2.
In This Story:Contemporary Art, Sculpture
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Photo by Justin Setterfield/Getty Images
Angry Landa lashes out in wake of late-stage crash at Giro
Mikel Landa blamed Simon Yates for crash before issuing apology on social media
FASCANTI, Italy (VN) — Mikel Landa (Movistar) was livid at the end of Tuesday’s crash-filled finale that cost him more time in what’s been a rough start to the Giro d’Italia.
Landa was caught up in a spill on a traffic circle and pointed the finger at Simon Yates (Mitchelton-Scott). After some hasty words taken at the finish line, when Landa accused Yates of causing the crash, Landa later went on social media to retract his statements.
“Apologies to fans and especially to Yates for words taken out of context,” Landa wrote.
The Giro’s latest war of words came at the end of an intense stage.
Landa and Yates both avoided the major crash that all but ended the GC chances of Tom Dumoulin (Sunweb) with about 6km to go, only to crash while chasing towards the line. Both ended the stage with cuts and scrapes on their elbows and hips.
The incident was not broadcast on Italian TV, so it was unclear exactly what happened.
Landa was insistent that it was Yates who caused the crash, whom Landa said was racing like an “idiot.”
“[Yates] took me down on the roundabout,” Landa told AS. “The crash is no big deal, it’s the time I’ve lost again. Now I’m nearly two minutes behind Roglic.”
Yates, however, said another rider fell in front of him, causing him and others to hit the deck while desperately chasing overall leader Primoz Roglic (Jumbo-Visma). The defending Vuelta a España champion did not name the rider.
“Everyone was fighting for position for a roundabout, a rider slid out in front of me,” Yates said. “It was no one’s fault. I’m not blaming anyone. I got up quickly and had the guys around me to limit the losses.”
Yates was able to remount his bike and finish in the front chase group, limiting his losses to just 16 seconds to Roglic.
A frustrated Landa, who had already lost significant time in the opening time trial in Bologna, broke his bike in the crash and was forced to finish the stage on the bike of Movistar teammate Lluís Mas.
“It sucks when things happen to you that do not depend on yourself,” Landa said. “In the time trial, it was my fault, but today I was on the ground due to someone else.”
Landa came through 44 seconds back, but actually moved up one spot on GC, to 22nd at 1:49.
While some of his key rivals struggled, Roglic escaped the day’s crashes unscathed and widened his lead to Yates to 35 seconds.
Yates said he wasn’t happy to cede even more time to his most dangerous rival.
“I don’t know who else came down in that one, but I think there were a few guys held up,” Yates said. “Of course, I wouldn’t like to lose any more time [to Roglic]. The gap was already probably too big, but the Giro is long and so we’ll see.”
Landa, meanwhile, could at least celebrate the stage victory of teammate Richard Carapaz.
“At least there was some happiness on a bad day,” he said.
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Asiaen
18&UP
'GoT' Hid Six Iron Thrones Around the World for an Epic Scavenger Hunt
Sending fans to the literal ends of the Earth to find them.
by River Donaghey
26 March 2019, 12:25am
Screenshots via HBO / YouTube
This article originally appeared on VICE US.
The new season of Game of Thrones is still a few painfully long weeks away, but HBO launched a brand-new project to help us pass the time—by, uh, sending fans out on a worldwide scavenger hunt to sit on a giant, spiky-ass chair. Last week, the network revealed that it has hidden six full-size replicas of the Iron Throne across the globe, challenging GoT fans to be the first to find them.
"For seven seasons you’ve watched characters lie, bleed, and sacrifice for the Iron Throne," HBO wrote about the hunt. "As the final season approaches, only one question remains: How far will you go?"
Apparently, they're hoping you'll go pretty goddamn far. The only clues to the thrones' locations are a series of hour-long, 360-degree videos of the things at various times of day. One's in a forest. Another's in a desert. One particularly terrifying one appears to be plopped down in the middle of some frigid, tundra-like hellscape.
There aren't many easily identifiable landmarks, so don't expect to watch these clips and recognize where the thrones are right away. Still, we're probably given enough to crack this thing. Are there any geniuses out there particularly good at geolocating based on star patterns? No?
So far, people have found four of the thrones—in Spain, Sweden, Brazil, and the UK—but there are still a few unclaimed ones out there. Some fans on Twitter are currently convinced that there's one hidden in Canada, possibly somewhere in Alberta, but no one has officially tracked it down yet.
Check out all the clue videos over on HBO's "For the Throne" site and see if you've got what it takes to actually take the goddamn Iron Throne and hit the dab or whatever. At the very least, it's something to make the time go by. Just a few more weeks, everybody.
for the throne
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Black Goo, the Environment, And the End of the World
Douglas Coupland looks to the past to find an answer for the impending environmental apocalypse of the extreme present.
by Douglas Coupland
Oct 6 2015, 8:51pm
The first time I ever visited a McDonald's restaurant was on a rainy Saturday afternoon, November 6, 1971. It was Bruce Lemke's tenth birthday party and the McDonald's was at the corner of Pemberton Avenue and Marine Drive in North Vancouver, BC. The reason I can pinpoint this date is that it was also the date and time of the Cannikin nuclear test on Amchitka Island—a Spartan Missile warhead of between four and five megatons was detonated at the bottom of a 1.5-mile vertical shaft drilled into this Alaskan island. The press had made an enormous to do over the blast, as it was roughly four times more powerful than any previous underground detonation. According to the fears of the day, the blast was to occur on seismic faults connected to Vancouver, catalyzing chain reactions which in turn would trigger the great granddaddy of all earthquakes. The Park Royal shopping centre would break into two and breathe fire; the Cleveland Dam up the Capilano River would shatter, drowning whoever survived in the mall three miles below. The cantilevered L-shaped modern houses with their "Kitchens of Tomorrow" perched on the slopes overlooking the city would crumble like so much litter—all to be washed away by a tsunami six hours later.
I wrote the above paragraph in 1992, 20 years after that trip to McDonald's, and no, the world didn't end. It never does. Looking back on the nuclear paranoia and fear that defined the emotional texture of Cold War—not just for me, but for much of the world's population—I see now that the nuclear threat was a boogeyman constructed largely to terrify citizens into okaying massive defence budgets without debate. Fear sells.
There's nothing like the fears you acquire between the ages of, say, ten to 14. They seem to go in the deepest and colour your world the most strongly. A common question I ask people whenever film discussions come up is, "What is the movie that scared the shit out of you when you were 11 or 12—the film that you were probably too young to watch it, but you watched it anyway, and it totally screwed you up for the rest of your life?" Everyone's got one. Mine was Lord of the Flies but other common answers are The Exorcist and Event Horizon. The point is that we all know that magic window in time when one is most porous to fear.
In the early hours of Tuesday September 25, 1973, two freighters, the Sun Diamond and Erawan, collided at the entrance to Vancouver's main harbour area, Burrard Inlet, dumping almost 190,000 litres of bunker oil into the water. Bunker oil is the nastiest stickiest creepiest oil there is. In the oil distillation process, bunker oil is what sticks to the bottom of the tank. It's like molten tar, brutally foul, jet black, and on a warm day is the consistency of runny magnetic black diarrhoea. It sticks to everything and it doesn't come off. An oil-soaked bird is a dead bird. They don't live. They die. There's no happy ending for any wildlife touched by this stuff. Don't ever believe the photos experts want to show you.
So on the afternoon of September 25, 1973, someone thought it would be a great idea for local school kids to come "help," so a bunch of us went down to help "clean things up."
It was a dreadful idea.
We were dropped off in the same parking lot you normally parked in to get to the beach in summer, except there were dark bootprints everywhere, and you could see streaks on the lawn where people tried wiping bunker fuel oil from their shoes before getting back into their vehicles; litter and newspapers were used for the same purpose. I remember the bus driver saying they could get someone else to pick us up; he wasn't getting any of that in his bus, and then he drove away.
Sign from a 2015 oil spill in West Vancouver. Photo via Flickr user Marc van der Chijs
It was confusion. Nobody really had any idea what to do. Well intended people were using bamboo rakes to try to capture bunker fuel globules. You could see the blobs inside the waves as they lobbed in. Undead black zombie jellyfish. Nothing prepared any of us eleven-year-olds for the foulness of the bunker oil, the way it obliterates anything it touches, and its neutron star black gloss as it smothers a low tide-scape of barnacles and starfish. It felt a crime scene. It was a crime scene.
Someone gave us brand new rakes that had price stickers on the from the Woolco store in North Van. The government bought rakes from Woolco? They don't have actual proper clean-up tools on hand?
The government was seemingly no help at all, having no visible plan in place to deal with a spill like this, and its efforts were directly compared to Monty Python's Flying Circus by the Vancouver Sun.
Someone shouted, "Go down to where the gravel meets the water and start raking. Try to catch the blobs before they break up," and so that's what we did. It was dismal, like trying to capture wheelbarrow-sized chunks of Jell-O with chopsticks. Further down the beach, we saw what was peat moss was strewn onto gravel and sand to soak up the oil. Logs along the beach we were told acted as excellent bunker fuel sponges, and people would be gathering these logs to burn later in the day.
A remember a hippie coming up to me and two friends with something black in his hands: a cormorant completely covered in oil but still alive, and in heartbreaking death throes. "Look what you did."
"You people from the suburbs. You made this happen. You killed it with your consuming and pollution."
That one asshole destroyed any sympathy I ever might have had for hippies, but he made me love all birds and animals in a way I may never have otherwise done. So thanks, asshole. And by the way, where did you grow up—in a manger?
Aftermath of the 2010 Deepwater Horizon spill. Photo via Flickr user Green Fire Productions
In general, local environmentalists showed no pity for the citizens of North and West Vancouver whose beaches, rocky coves and bays were blackened for miles once the tides began pushing it along. (Forty-two years later one can still clearly see oil stain marks on rocks ten miles up the coast.) The environmentalists argued that residents deserved retribution for all the crap suburbanites were already putting in the harbour—an attitude as arrogant and strangely useless as that of the government. People talk about the 1970s, but they never talk about how much hate there was back then. Hate and pollution. Everyone was looking for cheap easy targets. Social ideas were evolving, but technology to make new ideas fully manifest—as well as laws supporting the changes—were evolving much more slowly. Inside the lag time between the two realms lurked hate; everyone hating everything. Nobody looked clean. People still littered. Cars belched blue smoke that smelled like burning plastics. Don't get too nostalgic; it wasn't all plaid bellbottoms and feathered hair.
After an hour it was obvious we were wasting our time. Two friends and I took a regular bus back to school, where we got a punitive lecture about bailing on community participation. It was 1973 and the fact that three kids had spent the day unsupervised would never have entered anyone's mind. Had we hitchhiked back to school we probably would have gotten points for being resourceful.
That night I didn't sleep, and I didn't sleep well for a month, and I still sometimes can't sleep when I think about the cormorant.
And don't forget nuclear war was always one ICBM away.
And then somewhere in there I saw Lord of the Flies.
The punchline is that not even a month later, in the early morning of October 24, 1973, a German freighter, the Wesfalia, dumped 3,400 litres of bunker oil in Vancouver's main harbour, and by noon it had washed up on the shore of Vancouver's crown jewel, Stanley Park. The Westfalia's spill was a fraction of what had been dumped the previous month, but you have to add the 1970s everything's-gone-to-shit factor: everything was disintegrating back then. This smaller spill just reinforced the spirit of the age. Nobody was the least bit surprised.
On April 8, 2015, 15,142 days after the Westfalia spill, a grain ship, the Marathassa, registered in Cyprus, leaked 2,200 litres of bunker oil into Vancouver's outer harbour area, English Bay. This is 1/86th the volume of what was dumped in September 23, 1973. One would think oil spill clean-up in 2015 would be quick, forceful, and inexpensive. Wrong. Federal and provincial politicians were about as functional and helpful as Peter, Chris, Stewie, and Brian Griffin drinking ipecac together. Finger pointing on all sides. Blame. Retaliation. Lying. Downplaying. Catastrophizing. The one lesson that emerges from what was actually a comparatively small spill, is that there is no effective system in place to handle oil gone wrong, and this is in the centre of a city of 2.4 million people. I shudder to imagine a spill, even a small spill up or down the coast, away from both clean-up protocols and scrutiny.
In Vancouver right now, a company named Kinder Morgan wants to triple the amount of oil carried by the Trans Mountain Pipeline from increase the number of oil tankers in Burrard Inlet from five to 34 per month. In preparation for (inevitable) future spills, the company "is committed to a polluter-pay, world-class, land-based, and marine-spill response regime." Who wouldn't feel better already? I'm stoked!
The BC government is also trying to get liquefied natural (LNG) gas out of BC and down to Malaysia, and to do so is hoping to get in bed with the Malaysian energy giant, Petronas. The BC government has seemingly bet the family farm entirely on LNG going to Malaysia, complete with a fantasy number of 100,000 jobs to be created (in actuality, 4,500 during construction and up to 1,500 permanent jobs after that spread around the province). One plant in particular is slated for the end of Howe Sound—North America's southernmost fjord, and a place of spectacular beauty which has only recently healed from the toxic and visual blight of both copper mining (closed 1971) and a pulp mill (closed 2006). The selling point in the nearby town of Squamish (which lost all those pulp and copper jobs) is, of course, jobs, jobs, jobs—even though the proposed job numbers are pie on the sky, and the facility is setting the region up for truly devastating disaster scenarios. As a bonus, an LNG plant will blight, in the ugliest possible way, one of the most beautiful and beloved scenic tourism corridors in Canada. This never seems to get mentioned. It will be a visual nightmare experienced by every single human being who drives from Vancouver up to Squamish, Whistler, and beyond.
Ambleside Beach looks like it's mostly recovered from the 1973 oil spill. At least in this oversaturated photo from 2015. Photo via Flickr user GoToVan
Everyone is trying to move energy everywhere—and probably close by to where you live. If it's not tankers and pipelines, then it's oil by rail. Remember: when something goes horribly wrong (and it will; even they acknowledge that), it will be written off as a one-time only human error kind of thing, but it will keep happening over and over. Yes, the world will continue to chug along, but it will be a stained and damaged world.
A wonderful expression comes to mind here, one about trees: "The best time to plant a tree is 20 years ago. The second best time is right now." This could equally apply to planning safe energy. Twenty years passes very quickly, trust me. Start digging now.
Douglas Coupland, one of Canada's preeminent authors and artists, has been relentlessly chronicling the future of mass culture for 25 years and has usually been right. He is currently Google's Artist in Residence at the Google Cultural Institute in Paris.
Follow Douglas Coupland on Twitter. Lead image by Ben Ruby.
Douglas Coupland VICE
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Athletes warming up wrong
Thursday 1 December 2011
Static stretching warm ups are being overused by athletes even though they can be counter-productive, according to Victoria University research.
James Zois from Victoria University's School of Sport & Exercise Science said too many athletes were using static stretching such as calf, quad and hip flex stretches just before competing even though it has been shown to reduce power.
"It's an epidemic: I see it at almost every AFL club, tennis match or international soccer event were athletes are stretching on the sidelines just prior to playing," he said. "People just aren't getting the message."
Mr Zois' research showed static stretching decreased jumping performance by almost 8 per cent, while a more dynamic warm-up increased participants' vertical jump by 3 per cent.
Dynamic warm-ups included range of motion activities like high-knee raises, leg swings and run-throughs or change of direction tasks.
Mr Zois said the study proved that, from a power point of view, static stretching was worse than no warm up at all.
"It's called a warm-up because its aim is to increase the metabolic processes, heart rate, muscle temperature and oxygen delivery to working muscles," he said. "If you do anything passive, like static stretching, you actually reverse those processes and so are actually doing the opposite of a warm up."
With an almost 11 per cent difference between static and dynamic stretching, Mr Zois said athletes could not afford to ignore the facts.
"Too many athletes still use the counterproductive technique of static stretching during the warm-up", he said.
He said there was definitely a place for static stretching, particularly for those with chronic injuries or muscle stiffness concerns, but that it should not be a part of a normal athlete's warm-up regime inside an hour of performance.
Mr Zois has been working with the Collingwood Football Club to improve warm-up techniques and is currently Tennis Victoria's strength and conditioning performance manager.
Available for interview:
James Zois, doctoral candidate, School of Sport & Exercise Science, Victoria University, ?(03) 9919 4207; 0413 497 090; james.zois@live.vu.edu.au
Michael Quin, communications officer (research), Marketing & Communications Department, Victoria University, 9919 9491; 0431 815 409; media@vu.edu.au
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Environmental Planning in Context
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This innovative introduction to environmental planning is designed for an international readership. Each of the book's chapters focuses on a key question in environmental planning and works through principles which are appropriate in any national context. Case studies from around the world show how the principles apply in practice.
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Employment: “What kinds of work practices (e.g. part-time and flexible working hours) would allow older people to stay engaged in the labour market as long as they want to? If changes were to be implemented, what would the likely impact be on the labour market?”
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This new critical edition is introduced and richly annotated by Anne M. McKim, with a full index of people and places.
Grimsay Press (Aug, 2014)
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Mayhem Literary Journal
Edited by Tracey Slaughter
Mayhem is an exciting new literary journal showcasing creative writing by students, staff and alumni of the University of Waikato.
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Lan Yuan 蘭園: A Garden of Distant Longing
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Changing Times, Changing Places
Catharine Coleborne, Waikato Mental History Group
Changing Times, Changing Places is a collective history of Mental Health Services in the Waikato region from 1910 to 2012, including Tokanui as a hospital, which provides a pictorial and narrative account of the environment, buildings, staff and patient activity, care and treatment, and the socio-political context of the changing times it examines. For those who lived, worked or who were hospitalised at Tokanui Hospital, the place was far more than the sum of its physical spaces. For many, it was home and whanau or family. For others, it was a sad place that took them away from home and family.
This history is a collection of the different stories of the many members of that community, and the new communities which have followed its closure in 1997. In thirteen chapters, it tells these stories through the eyes of several writers, providing competing perspectives, hoping to capture close to the full range of responses to, and experiences of, mental health in the Waikato over time. The result of a major collaborative research project over a long period of time to produce a written historical record of the Waikato Mental Health Services, the book includes images and personal reflections.
The Waikato Mental Health History Group includes Catharine Coleborne, John Graham, Stephanie Lambert and Suzette Poole. The team has pursued this collective history for around six years. Together, they believe that the current goal for the Waikato District Health Board Mental Health and Addictions Service, to earn the reputation as a service people trust with their loved ones’ care, is both important and timely. They hope that the histories contained in this book will provide some further understanding of the complex past of mental health care.
Half Court Press Digital Media (Aug, 2012)
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