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Books Bücher 1 - 10 von 36 in If a player remain, at the end of the game, with a Rook and Bishop against a Rook...
If a player remain, at the end of the game, with a Rook and Bishop against a Rook ; with both Bishops only ; with Knight and Bishop only, &c., he must checkmate his adversary in fifty moves on each side at most, or the game will be considered as drawn...
The Book of Chess: Containing the Rudiments of the Game, and Elementary ... - Seite 101
von Howard Staunton - 1852 - 509 Seiten
Vollansicht - Über dieses Buch
Elements of the Game of Chess: Or, A New Method of Instruction in that ...
William Lewis - 1822 - 240 Seiten
...with a Rook and Bishop against a Rook, with both Bishops, or with a Knight and Bishop against a King, he must checkmate his adversary in fifty moves on each side at most ; for if at the expiration of fifty moves, checkmate be not effected, the game must be considered as...
...a rook and a bishop against a rook ; with both bishops ; with a knight and a bishop against a king, &c., he must checkmate his adversary in fifty moves on each side at most, to commence from the moment his adversary declares he shall count the moves ; if at the expiration...
Penny Cyclopaedia of the Society for the Diffusion of Useful ..., Bände 7-8
...with a rook and bishop against a rook, with both bishops, or with a knight and bishop against a king, he must checkmate his adversary in fifty moves on each side at most ; for if at the expiration of fifty moves checkmate be not effected, the game must be considered as...
The Penny Cyclopaedia of the Society for the Diffussion of Useful ..., Band 7
...with a rook and bishop against a rook, with both bishops, or with a knight and bishop against a king, he must checkmate his adversary in fifty moves on each side at moot; for if at the expiration of fifty moves checkmate be iot effected, the gams must be considered...
THE PENNY CYCLOPAEDIA OF THE SOCIETY FOR THE DIFFUSION OF USEFUL KNOWLEDGE
...with a rook and bishop against a rook, with both bishops, or with a knight and bishop against a king, he must checkmate his adversary in fifty moves on each side at mojt; for if at the expiration of fifty moves checkmate be "ot effected, the garaa must be considered...
The Chess player's chronicle
...follows, therefore, that he may have two or more Queens, three or more Rooks, Bishops, or Knights. XXII. If a player remain, at the end of the game, with a...the adversary gives notice that he will count them. The law holds good for all other checkmates of pieces only, such as Queen, or Rook only, Queen against...
Chess Player's Chronicle, Band 2
...follows, therefore, that he may have two or more Queens, three or more Rooks, Bishops, or Knights. XXII. If a player remain, at the end of the game, with a...with both Bishops only ; with Knight and Bishop only, &c.,.he must checkmate his adversary in fifty moves on each side at most, or the game will be considered...
The Saturday magazine
...follows therefore that he may have two or more Queens, three or more Rooks, Bishops, or Knights. XXII. If a player remain at the end of the game, with a'...with Knight and Bishop only, &c., he must check-mate liia adversary in fifty moves on each side at most, or the game will be considered as drawn ; the fifty...
Chess for beginners: in a series of progressive lessons, showing the most ...
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Comparing mobile platforms: Developer/Entrepreneur perspective on iPhone, Android etc.
Every time I deliver a talk on building/shipping mobile apps or the mobile app ecosystem, I find that one of the most popular topics is an iPhone versus Android comparison and so this seems like a good topic for a blog post.
Bias ? The app-store is a fairly polarizing topic and so I’m going to start by describing my experience with different platforms/companies. If any readers perceive a bias, it might be interesting for them to see how my experience might have contributed to the perceived bias.
We have shipped two #1 ranked iPhone apps and my primary phone is an iPhone. I wrote an Android app long before the first Android phone was launched and replaced my secondary phone with an Android G1 in 2008. I was a Principal at Microsoft for several years and some of those years were in the Windows Live Mobile team where (among other things) I led a great team and received Microsoft Gold Star awards.
Smartphone Market Share: As per Gartner Research’s Q1 2010 numbers, Symbian had 44.3% of global smartphone sales, RIM had 19.4% and the iPhone was 3rd with 15.4%. However, the iPhone pioneered today’s modern smartphone design (which Google, Microsoft,RIM etc. are attempting to emulate).
It was the launch of the iPhone and its app-store that led to a tipping point in the mobile app ecosystem and today, its strongest challenger is Google’s Android. Symbian, Windows Mobile and (Blackberry) RIM have been losing market share among consumers and they also haven’t generated a lot of new developer interest. However, I should add that Symbian is more popular outside the US, than it is in the US.
The first Symbian touchscreen device (Symbian 3) is expected to be released in October 2010 and it is also rumored (in a not-so-great 2009 movie) that James T Kirk used a Symbian (Nokia) touchscreen device. Microsoft’s new touchscreen-based Windows Phone 7 platform is also expected to launch in October 2010. Yesterday, a news report indicated that RIM may release a new touchscreen Blackberry device before October,2010. So the iPhone and Android may face more competition next year.
Language and ramp-up time: iPhone (iOS) app development requires Objective-C expertise. For most developers, learning the iOS platform (with Objective-C) is likely to be a lot more challenging than learning the Android, Windows Phone 7 or Blackberry platforms.
Developers for Android and developers for the Blackberry platform use the Java programming language, and developers for Windows Phone 7 will use the C# programming language with Silverlight and XNA.
Note that Android and iOS support the (optional) usage of C/C++ for coding some (but not all) portions of the apps. Android apps can be developed on Windows, Mac and Linux. iPhone apps can only be developed on a Mac.
Language (Java) fragmentation and Android: Java was once advertised as a “write once, run anywhere” cross-platform solution, but that hasn’t been true in practice. Android uses a non-conformant implementation of Java and Google chose to create its own standards for new libraries and APIs. This means that an Android app will have to be rewritten for a Blackberry device, even though both platforms ostensibly support the Java programming language.
In the past, in the desktop world, Microsoft has taken a lot of heat for creating non-standard versions of Java, but the digerati doesn’t generally mention that Android created a new non-standard version of Java.
Developer Fees and App Prices: Apple charges an annual developer registration fee of $99, Google charges $25 and Blackberry charges $200. The Apple and Google registration fees let developers release an unlimited number of apps, while Blackberry limits the number of apps to 10 and charges additional fees for more app-submissions.
Unlike Apple, Google etc. which set a minimum price of $0.99, the minimum price for a Blackberry App World app is $2.99
Growth prospects, iPhone and Android: A recent Nielsen study indicated that 80% of iPhone users wanted their next device to be another iPhone. 70% of Android users wanted their next device to be another Android device. These numbers were in stark contrast to the low numbers of other platforms such as Blackberry and Windows Mobile. The Nielsen report also indicated that iPhone users are older, wealthier and more educated than their Android peers.
The biggest constraint to the iPhone’s growth in the US is the fact that its exclusive carrier is AT&T. Android is available on the country’s four largest carriers. The iPhone’s current growth in market-share will be accelerated (at the expense of Android’s growth rate) if it is available with all four carriers next year.
Revenue prospects, iPhone wins: An old cliché says that the plural of anecdote is not data, but in the absence of variable-controlled, vetted data, it seems reasonable to consider app store anecdotal evidence. Many developers with apps on both platforms have suggested that the revenue generated from an Android app is generally 10-20% of the corresponding revenue of an identical iPhone app. This ratio is in spite of greater competition in the iPhone app store (which has roughly 3-4 times the number of apps as the Android market) and in spite of the large number of Android phones.
So it seems reasonable to conclude that a typical Android user spends far less on apps than a typical iPhone user and that, for now, the revenue generated by most iPhone apps will be a big multiple of the revenue generated by their Android counterparts. At WWDC,2010, Apple announced that they had paid more than $1 Billion to app-store developers.
On a more cautionary note, my assessment is that on any given day, *most* paid apps make zero or close to zero dollars.
Ideology and First-mover advantage? : I’ve heard bloggers suggest and retweet that “Apple developers” should “Code for Android first, and iPhone/iPad second”. This is a classic case of non-developers providing developer-advice based on ideology. The reasoning used was that Android offers “first mover advantage”. However, the Android market was launched within months after the iPhone app store and there have been tens of thousands of Android apps since 2008. So I think developers should evaluate the Android market based on its past track record and future prospects, not on a bogus “first mover advantage”.
Of course, if “first mover advantage” was really important, the recommendation might have gone to Windows Phone 7, but Microsoft has never been popular with the digerati.
Openness – App submission and Review process: Android offers the most developer-friendly app-submission and review process and that makes it a fairly attractive choice for developers who don’t want to deal with the uncertainty of whether and when their apps might be approved.
iPhone apps go through a review-process before getting into the app store. Microsoft also plans to create a review/certification process for its Windows Phone MarketPlace.
Some iPhone apps get rejected in Apple’s review process, some others spend weeks in review purgatory. Unfortunately, these apps aren’t limited to the ones alluded to, by Steve Jobs, when he famously said that “folks who want porn can buy an Android phone”. Apple has conceded mistakes and reversed course on some app rejections, but the problems go beyond the few high-profile cases where Apple reviewers did a U-turn on app-rejections
To be clear, I’m not suggesting a preference for any specific app-publishing model. The (“open”) Android model of instantly publishing apps (without Google’s review) has obvious benefits, but it also has risks. For instance, the 12/22/2009 report from First Technology Credit Union notes that a “rogue Android” app launched a “phishing attack” to get users’ banking passwords. In a reactive move, the app was later removed from the Android market. Apple’s review process attempts to be proactive in rejecting such apps.
My perspective is that there are several tradeoffs in choosing between an open app-submission process and a review-based app-approval process. However, a review process (like the one for the iPhone app store) that lacks transparency, clear guidelines and consistency isn’t helpful to developers and doesn’t help users either.
More openness, Adobe Flash: Apple requires all app-store apps to be built with Objective-C and explicitly prohibits the use of cross-platform tools such as Adobe’s Flash-to-iPhone compiler. Google has no such prohibitions and permits cross-platform tools.
However, it should be noted that Adobe’s “cross-platform” tools only work for the iPhone and they haven’t yet created a Flash-to-Android compiler (presumably because they believed that the iPhone platform was more important than Android)
More openness, open-source: Android scores points with several people because it is open-source. Symbian is also open-source. The iPhone and Windows Phone platforms are closed source. Note that several Google Android apps (such as the Market, Google Maps, Gmail etc.) are closed-source apps.
Openness and Platform Fragmentation: When Twitter released their official iPhone app, every iPhone owner could have downloaded the app. Every iPhone owner can also download iPhone OS 3.1.3 (the latest OS)
However, when Twitter released their official Android app, only 27.3% of Android owners could even consider downloading the app. The other 72.7% users didn’t have the ability to download Android 2.1 and therefore couldn’t download the app. In this case, the “open-source” nature of Android and Google’s carrier-friendly-policy make it possible for carriers to create their own version of Android and deny users the ability to download later versions of Android.
As illustrated by the Twitter example, Android fragmentation problem makes life difficult for developers and consumers. In addition, the carriers and Google generally don’t attempt to backport bug-fixes into earlier versions of Android. This means that apps that run on both old and new versions of Android may need to implement different code for different Android versions. While fragmentation is not non-existent in the iPhone world, its impact in the iPhone world is tiny in comparison to Android.
Managing different devices, hybrid approach for Windows Phone 7: When I was at Microsoft, one of the biggest challenges we saw with mobile web apps (a decade ago) was the fact that we dealt with hundreds of different devices from different carriers around the world. These devices followed different specs (for instance, some supported cookies, come didn’t), implemented the same spec inconsistently and sometimes had bugs.
To a great extent, similar problems exist for Android apps – as devices from different manufactures (or even the same manufacture) may have different screen resolutions, different device sizes, different hardware features, different bugs etc.
The iPhone eliminates most (though not all) of these problems as all devices come from Apple. From a developer perspective, the impact of different device capabilities (e.g. iPhone camera apps can’t work on iPod Touch) is fairly small in comparison with Android.
Interestingly, Windows Phone 7 plans to follow a hybrid approach. Like Android phones, Windows Phone 7 devices will be created by several different manufacturers. However, all manufactures will be required to follow the same spec (e.g. 400×800 screen resolution, 4-point touch etc.) So UI design and implementation for Windows Phone 7 should be easier than corresponding work for Android devices.
App store Revenue share: Apple created/pioneered the 70-30 revenue split model (with Apple getting 30% and the developer getting 70% of app sales). Other smartphone app stores have followed suit with a 70-30 model and Amazon has also adopted the 70-30 model for its Kindle content.
While Android also uses the 70-30 model, Google doesn’t get the 30% revenue-share from app sales. Instead the carriers (e.g. Verizon) get the 30% revenue share. It appears that Google signs advertisement-revenue sharing deals with carriers who pre-install Google apps (like Search, Maps etc.) on the phone. This model seems to conform to Google’s overall strategy of focusing on search and advertising which are its primary money-makers
Refunds: The Android market lets users get a full refund for apps that they return within 24 hours. One complaint I’ve heard is that the refund feature leads to app piracy (with some users saving a copy of the app, returning it for a refund and then reinstalling the saved copy)
However, a revenue perspective, my sense is that Android’s refund policy is good for developers, because the refund policy makes it more likely that users will try out a paid app.
Apple doesn’t have a refund policy, though a determined user may be able to get a refund in some circumstances.
Microsoft plans to support a refund policy for the Windows Phone 7 marketplace and I’ve heard that they’re considering whether to go with a fixed 24-hour refund policy (like Android) or let developers configure/set a different refund policy (e.g. one based on how many times the user has launched the app)
App store – More comparisons: The iPhone platform lets developers sell additional features from inside an iPhone app. For instance, a $0.99 app could offer 10 features and a user of that app may have the option of purchasing 5 additional functionalities for an additional $0.99. Android and other mobile app platforms don’t seem to offer the in-app-purchase functionality
Many consumers suggest that the Android market is fairly primitive in comparison to the iPhone app store. For instance, app prices are displayed in currencies of the developers who published the app and not in the local currency of the Android phone. So a Canadian consumer would see a British app-developer’s apps priced in British pounds instead of the Canadian dollar.
Developers can sell Android apps through the Android marketplace and other channel they choose and this gives developers more options to monetize their apps. However, iPhone apps can only be purchased through the app store (with a narrow exception for large enterprises). Microsoft’s current plan is to limit app sales to the Windows Phone marketplace.
iPhone app developers benefit from being able to develop iPad apps with very little effort and most reports indicate that iPad apps sell fairly well. When/if other tablets (with app stores) become popular, developers can expect to make money from other platforms as well.
I haven’t compared advertising-revenue options for apps on different platforms, but a discussion on advertising-revenues probably belongs in a separate post.
Overall, the mobile app landscape has gone through a lot of exciting changes and it should be very interesting to follow this over the next few years.
This entry was posted on Wednesday, June 16th, 2010 at 1:57 pm and is filed under iPhone, Marketing, Sales and Pricing. You can follow any responses to this entry through the RSS 2.0 feed. You can leave a response, or trackback from your own site.
4 Responses to Comparing mobile platforms: Developer/Entrepreneur perspective on iPhone, Android etc.
I’ve been fighting with choosing XNA, xCode, or Java. I’m a c# developer and I’m leaning towards openGL with the iPhone. I did some small iPhone games a year ago. But the awkwardness of xCode gets me.
Good article though.
Thanks, and I agree with your comment about Xcode. It seems somewhat primitive when compared to Visual Studio.
I haven’t tried Xcode myself but I can chime in on the Android development environment which uses the Eclipse IDE. It is pretty good, I hear a bit better than Xcode, but would also put it in the category of primitive compared with Visual Studio.
Open source and free are great but there have been times during development when I would have gladly paid a couple of hundred dollars to be able to work in Visual Studio.
So tools will be one advantage for Microsoft, the rest is still too early to tell.
Very good article giving an overview of the current state of the mobile app landscape. I’ve been trying my hand at Android development, testing the waters with our first app.
Developing on Android has been fun, the ramp up time quick, and the publishing process painless. There are certainly issues with fragmentation, Google’s developer and customer support and issues with the marketplace that may be keeping Android from reaching it’s potential.
We’ll see how we do in terms of revenue as that is what will ultimately decide what platform I’ll spend my energy on going forward.
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cdkeys
8 Retro Point and Click Games Worth Revisiting
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12 Upcoming PC Games to Watch Out For
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The Best God Games Ever Made
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Resident Evil 8: Five Things We Want to See
With Resident Evil 7: Biohazard, Capcom delivered the kind of atmospheric, back-to-basics game fans had been clamouring for since the series started to go way off track. While it might not have been perfect, RE7 nevertheless showed just how much…
Sega Forever: Which Classic Games Do You Want to See Released?
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Sony at E3 2017: Insomniac’s Spider-Man, Days Gone, Moss, and More
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7 Awesome Video Games that Let You Play as a Cop
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From Deserts to Nukes: Remembering EA’s Strike Series
Throughout the 1990s, EA released five games in their Strike series. Beginning with ‘92’s Desert Strike and ending with ‘97’s Nuclear Strike, the franchise took players all over the world, let us pilot various high-powered vehicles, and mixed shooting with…
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Are you ready for some Christian Football Movies?
by Jake | Sep 13, 2017 | Uncategorized
Top Christian Football Movies
Fall is here, and as you all know, fall = Football! You may wonder what football has in common with Christian Movies, but you’d be surprised to learn that there are a lot of football movies that are specifically Christian Movies, and other great Football movies that could easily fall in the category of “family movies.”
In a moment, I’ll talk about my favorite Christian movie about a football team – Facing the Giants.
For many of football’s fans, players and coaches, the contest on the football field mirrors the struggles we all experience in our daily lives. Another common parallel that is often drawn is between football and war. In life, war and football, there is always a sense of back and forth – there is a feeling of “one –step-forward – two-steps – back.” Even in cases where the outcome of the game is very clear – it’s not a 100% linear process of the dominant team making big plays on every down. It’s a back and forth – one play turns out well, one fails completely – it just goes back and forth.
What is clear at the end of the football game, however, is that one thing has happened and another has not. Team A has either won the game or lost the game – and the same is true for their opponent. Our lives’ struggles can often be the same way. Imagine a college student is struggling to pass a difficult class. He goes through ups and downs of one day feeling like he understands the material as he turns in an assignment he is able to ace, and another day feeling as though he will never be able to pass the class because he struggles to gasp one concept or another. The key in this instance, as in the game of football is to continue exerting effort and doing one’s best – knowing that there will be a result at the end, pass or fail.
I am not a huge sports fan, and would rather spend afternoons in the fall walking in the forest rather than sitting in front of the TV, but it’s easy to see why such pageantry and drama is woven into the act of watching a football game. It’s not just the networks trying to bring gravity to something, that’s in actuality just a game, it’s related to the fact that the drama of a football game mirrors the drama of our lives.
Some of the most popular Christian films of the past decade have had something to do with football. When I first started working in the Christian Film industry, I was living overseas and was surprised to hear that a “Christian movie” that we sold was being shown on the Turkish Airlines flights. In those days, all passengers had to watch the same film, and I was eager to learn about this Christian film that was so far into the mainstream that it was showing on international flights from airlines based in the Muslim world.
I watched Facing the Giants and the film did not disappoint. In Facing the Giants – DVD, the primary character is a football coach who is struggling with the battle of life in multiple ways. His job, his coaching career, his finances and his marriage are all in trouble. He’s struggling. As a Christian man, he knows that the end result of the game of life is God’s victory over darkness and heaven for the believer, but he feels worn down by the opponent (the world, the flesh and the devil.)
Overcoming insurmountable odds, this inspiring coach sees a major turnaround in his team, his career, his family and his finances. I love the hope that is infused in the movie along with the classic football movie scenes – hard practices, nail-biting games and frustrated coaches.
Facing the Giants was the second film put out by brothers Stephen and Alex Kendrick. Two pastors who God had called to film-making , these guys have been at the center of some of the most exciting Christian films of our era – War Room, Courageous, Fireproof, and Flywheel (their first Christian Film.)
As Football and fall are upon us, I can’t recommend Facing the Giants highly enough. At the time of writing, this film has a very good price and is available here for only $5.
Here are some other Christian Football Movies to check out:
23 Blast – DVD
Woodlawn – DVD
Catching Faith
When The Game Stands Tall
The Blind Side.
You can check out all of our Christian Sports Movies here.
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“The Fine Art of Photography,” Part 2
Last month, 21-year-old fine art and fashion photographer Morey Spellman shared an excerpt from his upcoming book, “The Fine Art of Photography.” This is the second excerpt of his book that we’re happy to share with the Flickr Community.
This interview is with the versatile Ethan Coverstone, a photographer from Indiana. Morey met with Ethan while in Canada, where Ethan articulated his interest in melding photography and architectural studies.
Ethan started by telling me that his Fellowship (thanks to the Architectural Guild and the Gesundheit family) allows one graduate student to travel to gain knowledge as it relates to architectural education. His project is called “Architecture, Photography, and Story: A Study of People and Place,” and he will be traveling around Western Europe for about a month to document and explore public spaces and the people that are influenced by them on a daily basis. “I’ve been given the opportunity to explore a more direct connection between architecture and photography, and I can’t even begin to describe how excited I am.”
Ethan’s portrait work is really unique. I asked him to describe his influences. “My shoots lately have been highly focused on the idea of memory and recollection; it’s something that I struggle with as a person, so I find myself drawn to it. Ask anyone who knows me will tell you how awful my memory is. I keep birthday cards, movie tickets, wristbands from concerts, photos, letters, and notes just to remind myself how I was feeling and what I was thinking at the time.”
Ethan believes that a lot of his work has to do with the same level of introspection and sentimentality. “I began taking photos originally as a reaction to the things going on around me, and now I can flip back through my portfolio and see the importance of those moments in my life.” He has experimented with 3-D modeling software, external manipulation, layering text and photos together, digital manipulation, and “glass shard shooting”, moving toward the ideas of transparency and layers to convey the full story of what he’s trying to present.
I asked Ethan what he would like to change about his photography. “Produce more work,” he said. “I would also like to see more emphasis placed on the story behind each image or image set. I think I have a pretty good idea of what I want to shoot, but sometimes the story gets lost in the sea of digital images; I definitely need to get better at editing down to a final few photos after a shoot instead of showcasing them all.”
I then asked Ethan to tell me what his favorite picture (or shoot) was and why. He laughed and told me, “I like that you didn’t ask me for my favorite shoot, so I’m going to tell you what my favorite shoot is that someone else did.”
He went on to say that he’s been “totally obsessed” by a few sets of photos. “Tim Walker’s “Far, Far From Land” series absolutely blew my mind, and I don’t care how cliché it is to say that. I love the mood and serenity of the whole set. “The Bubble Series” by Melvin Sokolsky has always been another one of my favorites because of its connection with beauty, space, and the implications of architectural integration with photography and fashion. Francesca Woodman’s entire portfolio has always blown my mind due to its raw and emotionally jarring imagery.”
Other photographers play a big role in Ethan’s life. “I’m inspired by so many people that it would be impossible to list them all, but recently I have been looking closely at the photographic work of Ezra Stoller, Weegee, and Vivian Maier. I also have been looking at architectural drawings and renderings a lot more in relation to my photography work, especially from architects like Diller/Scofidio and Lebbeus Woods.”
When I asked him his biggest accomplishment as a photographer, he replied “the group of friends I’ve made across the globe. I feel like the luckiest guy in the world when I think about how many people I can talk about to my friends and family.”
Flickr played an instrumental role in this and changed Ethan’s life. “The biggest way that Flickr has affected me is the network of artists that I am now in contact with around the world. These relationships have given me the chance to travel across the country, and the opportunity to see more of Europe as well. On a personal level, Flickr has allowed me to become more confident in self-expression and the creation of my own art. The community of Flickr helped me foster a more confident version of myself, and it helped me understand that I do have a unique perspective and voice.”
In fact, Ethan hosted one of the first large Flickr Meetups for conceptual artists. He was twenty-one at the time, and with the exception of two people, he hadn’t met any of the photographers before they showed up at his parents’ farm in the middle of Indiana. The impetus for the gathering was his online friendship with photographer David Talley.
“We decided that he would fly to Indiana from Los Angeles to come hang out for a week or so, and we figured we might as well invite some other people. So I posted a photo to my Flickr Photostream (it’s still there), and invited photographers I had been following on Flickr for a week of collaboration. People showed up and we created amazing things! It was a lot to plan for; the weather was about 110 degrees, so it was a struggle to make sure everyone was comfortable, safe, having fun, not dead. It was surreal to meet so many talented people who were so kind and down to earth; many of these people were photographers that I had looked up to since I started taking photos myself! In retrospect, it’s been an absolute life-changer. I can’t even begin to describe how much that week meant to me.”
Ethan’s advice for aspiring photographers: “Some of my biggest moments of growth in photography have been when I was collaborating with other artists. Photography can be insanely competitive, but there is so much room for growth when you work together. It was enormously helpful for me to meet other photographers and trade critiques, especially when I was new to photography.”
Morey Spellman
Morey started his professional career at the University of California Santa Barbara. In the summer of 2014 his hard work allowed him to tour the United States, create his first book, and collaborate with esteemed artists. 2015 saw the birth of a completely new portfolio, various new clients, and a self-funded cultural excursion across Europe and America. Morey now resides in Los Angeles where he does commercial, creative, client, and personal photography.
Street scenes from Iran.
Best. TaskRabbit. Ever.
Now that’s how to get your coffee to go!
Want pro feedback on your photos? Submit your best to the Photography Critique group.
Have you ever wanted professional feedback on your photos? Fine art photographer Brooke Shaden will be hosting our critique collaboration with the wonderful Photography Critique group from April 26 to May 3, 2019.
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You are here: Home Cannabis Cultivation Guide History of Marijuana in Canada (infographic)
History of Marijuana in Canada (infographic)
September 13, 2018 by Amir A
Just a month away from legalization of recreational cannabis, this infographic shows the History of Marijuana in Canada, answering pressing questions like “Why is marijuana illegal?”, and “when did marijuana prohibition start?”.
For accessibility purposes, we have provided the infographic transcription just below the image.
History of Marijuana in Canada
1606 – Hemp was planted for the first time in Canada, in Port Royal (Nova Scotia). France required that the colonies grew hemp crops to provide for the French Navy.
1800s – Cannabis is commonly used in Canada (and in countries like England and the United States) as medication.
1922 – Emily Murphy publishes her book The Black Candle, which included a chapter titled “Marahuana: A New Menace” denouncing the “risks” of cannabis. The publishing of The Black Candle is commonly seen as a primary reason prohibition began the following year.
When was marijuana made illegal?
1923 – Parliament outlaws cannabis through the Opium and Narcotic Drug Act, along with heroin and codeine. Canada was one of the first countries to make marijuana illegal.
1937 – Canadian Police seize marijuana for the very first time. Cannabis did not receive much attention from the authorities in Canada until the late 1930s.
1938 – the Commercial cultivation of hemp also becomes illegal.
1960s – Cannabis starts to become more popular with Canadians. The number of arrests for cannabis possession skyrockets– from only 25 records in between 1930-1946, to 2,300 cases in 1968.
1969 – The Royal Commission of Inquiry in the Non-Medical Use of Drugs, informally known as the Le Dain Commission, starts to investigate the non-medical use of cannabis.
1971 – The first “smoke-in” protest on Vancouver’s drug policies happens in Gastown. What started as a peaceful civil act ended in chaos – and would be later known as “The Gastown Riot”.
The Road to Legalization
1972 – The Le Dain Commission report recommends that criminal penalties for cannabis possession should be dropped, but no changes are made to the legislation. In the same year, the RCMP reports a record number of 12k arrests for marijuana possession.
2000 – In the R. v. Parker case, the Court of Appeal for Ontario ruled that prohibition of marijuana possession for medical uses infringed on Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms after an epileptic patient was charged with possession and cultivation.
2001 – The Marijuana Medical Access Regulations (MMAR) was enacted, making Canada the first country to legalize medical cannabis.
2015 –Justin Trudeau is elected Prime Minister with recreational cannabis legalization as part of his political platform.
2016 – The Government of Canada starts to work on legislation to regulate the use, production, and sales of recreational Cannabis.
2017 – Bill C-45, also known as Cannabis Act, is passed by the House of Commons. Provincial Governments start to draw their regulations for Cannabis Legalization. The first license for distribution of recreational cannabis was awarded.
2018 – Bill C-45 passes the Senate and receives Royal Assent in June, setting October 17, 2018, as the date for the legalization of recreational cannabis, 2018. Canada is the second country to legalize recreational cannabis, after Uruguay.
The Globe and Mail. A Biography of Cannabis. July 2018.
CBC News. Marijuana was Criminalized in 1923, but why?. May 2014.
CanLII. R. v. Parker, 2000 CanLII 5762 (ON CA). July 2000.
Sins of The City: Vancouver Police Museum & Archives. The Gastown Riots of 1971. April 2017.
Parliament of Canada. Bill C-45 (Royal Assent). June 2018.
Cannabis Cultivation Guide
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Game Day: A Mental Approach to Competition, with Kenny Kane
Last week we talked with CrossFit LA team coach Kenny Kane about the mental approach to training versus the mental approach to competition. All too frequently beginner or amateur athletes blur the line between training and competition, both mentally and physically. The tools and perspectives for training that Kenny gave us apply to sports far beyond CrossFit and could be put into practice by athletes of all levels and disciplines training for their events.
This week the focus of our talk with Kenny is competition and how the mental state differs from all that came before game day. Game day is about taking all the weeks of practice, experimenting, failing, and succeeding and, in a way, letting go of it all and just doing it completely. Kenny explained:
The biggest difference between the two is having that sense of urgency, without the panic of urgency. At game day it’s about going, “Okay, now we’ve done all these different preparations now it counts, we’re going for it.” You’re going to take that same attitude we’ve been practicing this whole time, which is “drop into the moment.” We’re going to have fun with this. We’re going to play for this, but you’re going to go after it and go at it with 100% intensity. That’s the biggest difference, is being able to have that switch that you literally flick on.
The ability to turn on and off the focus and the “moment” of competition is part of what separates professional and successful athletes from the rest of us. For athletes of all levels, however, the mine can still be a mindfield of obstacles to navigate. The thing Kenny has seen most often get in the way of great athletes is the element of fear – specifically, the fear of past failures repeating themselves.
Great athletes, great performers are those who can fail horribly but not have it affect their performance on game day. Love or hate Brett Favre he’s one of my favorite competitors of all time because in any given game he can literally throw four interceptions, yet he would forget that completely come back on the next set of downs, drive his team down, score a touchdown, drive them down again, score another touchdown, come down with forty five seconds left and win the game. How does that happen? Well, you’ve got to have amnesia. You’ve got to have self-confidence and amnesia.
The difference between the great athletes and what makes people really good and not so good is the willingness to let go of all the fear and the failure they had in whatever practices, put that behind them, and now trust that those new skill sets are there and they’re going to be able to allow those skill sets to come through – not cognitively but instinctively. That’s the distinction; you’re replacing the emotional component of fear with trust.
Kenny finds inspiration for this mind-set in the writings of Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi and in Taoist philosophy. In Taoism there is a concept called “wu wei.” Wu wei can be seen as effortlessness in your actions, that you are simply doing something without thinking or interfering in your own movement. Kenny explains how wu wei applies to competition:
That only comes after massive work and repetition to prepare yourself for those moments when you can be effortless. You drop into it through the hard work of preparation and the ego requisite to drive you to do that, but the humility to surrender yourself to the moment. The ego is the driving force, the fuel to get you into that position, but if your ego takes over during those game day moments, I do not feel you’ll be as competitive as you can be. I think if you can put yourself in that position and surrender yourself to humility once you’re in competition, then you can find another whole level you didn’t know existed, because now you’re totally absorbed. It’s not your ego. It’s not your past saying I won five bouts. None of that matters at all. That’s in the past.
And, as we all know, sometimes game day results in a win and sometimes in a loss. Part of the mental landscape for a competitive athlete is dealing with the aftermath of the event. Sometimes it may be you worked so hard and feel so good on a personal level that a loss might feel like success. Other times, however, a loss just feels like a loss.
As a coach, how does Kenny handle an athlete who is dealing with disappointment?
You don’t say to that athlete, “Shake it off it’s going to be okay.” You don’t. What you say to that athlete is, “I got you. I got you. Get cleaned up.” Let it be shitty. You have to allow it to be shitty. You have to allow the moment to be what it is.
You took it on the chin and you’re going to take it on the chin for another week or two as people critique you and you critique yourself, but at some point you come back to the preparation and the accountability for the preparation, and then the recognition of whatever admission of what went wrong in preparing yourself so that very thing doesn’t happen again. Those things take a while to get over, but they are also great fuel.
For Kenny, taking big chances and using disappointments as fuel has allowed him to achieve success both as a competitor and as a coach. For Kenny, the biggest rewards come with the biggest risks:
I like the stakes to be high because it’s even more peaceful, ironically, when the stakes are higher. The only failure is not being in the moment when you’ve got to be in the moment. That to me is failure – if you go somewhere else. You can come in first or you can come in last, but you only lose if you’re not in the moment.
Read part one of our two part series with coach Kenny Kane - Fun & Flow: A Mental Approach to Training, with Kenny Kane
See more about: Training, coaching, flow, competition, sports psychology, sports psychology
Ultimate Bodyweight
Stay In Your Lane: How to Embrace Humility as a Coach
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St. Scholastica football squad enters uncharted territory
Back in 2008, Duluth's St. Scholastica fielded its first college football team. This year, they’re the Upper Midwest Athletic Conference champions, undefeated at 10-0, and will play their first-ever Division III playoff game on Saturday. It’ll be a tough one. The Saints take on undefeated St. Thomas in St. Paul.
Back in 2008, Duluth's St. Scholastica fielded its first college football team. This year, they’re the Upper Midwest Athletic Conference champions, undefeated at 10-0, and will play their first-ever Division III playoff game on Saturday. It’ll be a tough one. The Saints take on undefeated St. Thomas in St. Paul.
uncategorizedSports
Tommies dominate St. Scholastica 48-2
Aside from an opening kickoff gaffe, St. Thomas imposed their will against St. Scholastica, which was making their NCAA Division III playoff debut.
St. Scholastica wins 15th straight UMAC crown
St. Scholastica rallied to win a 15th straight Upper Midwest Athletic Conference title Friday afternoon by defeating Northwestern College 9-5 at Wade Stadium. The Saints (33-9) also clinched an eighth straight berth in the NCAA Division III tournament, with pairings to be announced Sunday.
Football Bulldogs start defense of D-2 title with home game
Defending national champion Minnesota Duluth will host Saginaw Valley State (Mich.) in the first round of the NCAA Division II football playoffs Saturday. In Division III play, another Duluth-area college -- St. Scholastica -- will make its inaugural postseason appearance at St. Thomas.
Tommies playing their 'best' football
St. Thomas senior Fritz Waldvogel says the Tommies are playing their best football right now. The Tommies play St. John Fisher in the Division III quarterfinals this weekend. It's St. Thomas' third straight trip to the quarterfinal round.
UMD, SCSU, St. Thomas to open playoff football at home this weekend
Saturday will be busy across the state for college football teams hoping to make a push deep into the postseason. Minnesota-Duluth opens the playoffs against Saginaw Valley State of Michigan. St. Cloud State hosts Wayne State of Michigan, and St. Thomas takes on undefeated St. Scholastica.
St. Thomas Academy comeback tops busy Friday night in prep football
St. Thomas Academy's come-from-behind win over Mahtomedi was the marquee game in a great night of high school football across Minnesota. Blaine, Lakeville North, and Rogers were among the other big winners.
St. Thomas' Caruso wins second National Coach of the Year award
St. Thomas head football coach Glenn Caruso was named the Liberty Mutual National Coach of the Year for Division III on Thursday. It's the second straight season Caruso has won the award. In just four years he has led St. Thomas to two MIAC championships and compiled a 43-7 record.
St. Thomas clinches MIAC title
The St. Thomas football team (9-0) is ranked No. 3 in the nation- and the Tommies kept that momentum and their undefeated record intact, beating Gustavus 20-7.
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As cider booms, Brock’s CCOVI continues to be a key industry partner
Thursday, December 14, 2017 | by Sarah Ackles
CCOVI’s Shufen Xu works in the institute’s Analytical Services lab, where she conducts crucial microbiological analyses for cider producers.
Grocery stores across the province are vying to be one of 95 new retailers authorized to sell cider to Ontario consumers next year.
With Ontario’s thirst for cider far from quenched, Brock University’s Cool Climate Oenology and Viticulture Institute (CCOVI) continues to be at the forefront of advancing the booming industry.
CCOVI is the only institution in Canada to offer a certification in cider production through the Cider Institute of North America, and it also provides analytical testing services to help cider makers deliver the best product possible.
CCOVI’s Continuing Education Manager Barb Tatarnic says that pairing the foundational educational program with testing services brings a holistic approach to the learning process.
Denise Flynn, an apple grower from Church Point, N.S., left, learns the intricacies of the yeast addition process of cider production from Brock University PhD candidate Andréanne Hébert-Haché during CCOVI’s Cider and Perry Production course earlier this year.
“CCOVI has been able to branch out into an industry that is important here in Niagara and all across Canada,” Tatarnic says. “By delivering the foundational learning elements and then providing the opportunity to test the finished product, we are ensuring cider makers are delivering the quality of product their communities are looking for.”
Maintaining quality from the orchard through to the consumer’s glass is especially crucial when dealing with cider because the product is less established with consumers, adds CCOVI’s Steven Trussler.
“If a consumer tries a faulted product they may simply decide they don’t like cider and that’s a lost customer,” says Trussler, who is the CINA certified instructor in the institute’s cider program. “Having that baseline of knowledge across the country helps producers make a higher-quality product and increases the number of cider consumers, which benefits everyone.”
Cole Ford, lead cider maker at Shiny Apple Cider in Niagara-on-the-Lake, uses a range of services provided by CCOVI as a quality control measure for his products.
“The services provided by CCOVI allow us access to fast, reliable and consistent results, which, for a small-to-medium-sized business like Shiny Apple, is key in providing our consumer the kind of cider they have come to expect from us,” he says.
Denise Flynn, an apple grower from Church Point, Nova Scotia, left, was among the dozens of cider-makers and soon-to-be-cider makers who attended CCOVI’s last sold-out Cider and Perry Production – A Foundation course.
Ford also says the industry is changing as fast as it is expanding. This forces producers like him to constantly learn new things in order to provide cider products that satisfy changing consumer demands.
“Education is key to improving any industry, and having more courses and more diversity in those courses can only help improve Ontario’s cider industry,” he adds.
With that in mind, CCOVI will be expanding its cider offerings to include more advanced courses in the near future. This would add to the growing number of continuing education courses now offered by the institute, which has more than tripled over the past year. The number of people accessing those courses has also increased significantly, rising from 77 in 2016 to 247 in 2017.
“You can’t stand still when it comes to the direction the industry is evolving,” says Tatarnic. “They always want to learn more, and we want to be at the forefront for those next offerings and learning opportunities.”
After attending a masterclass in advanced cider production last month, taught by renowned cider expert Peter Mitchell at Cornell University, Tatarnic says the seeds were sown for CCOVI to take that next step in further educating the industry.
Mitchell says he’s glad to see such significant growth in the Canadian cider industry and that Brock is in the perfect position to further drive that industry forward.
“As part of the Cider Institute of North America, Brock is uniquely placed and appropriately resourced to take a leading role in Canada in the provision of training, skills and technology development and transfer to new and aspiring cider and perry production enterprises,” he says.
Read more stories in: Featured, Mathematics and Science, News, People, Research
Tagged with: Barb Tatarnic, ccovi, Cider, Cool Climate Oenology and Viticulture Instiitute, Steven Trussler
KIRK AND LINNEY: The value of outdoor education
Long-time teaching partners step away from the lecture hall
Mitacs internship funding available for graduate students and postdocs
Brock professor continues family work to carry on Mandela legacy
Brock grad wins prestigious national award for journalism
Presenters sought for women’s leadership conference
Wide range of research funded through 2019 Chancellor’s Chairs awards
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Thesis defences — July 15 to 19
Amos Key, Jr. aims to bring Indigeneity to Brock
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Coney Island’s second annual New Year’s celebration a success
By Jaime DeJesus • January 4, 2016 @ 5:01 pm
BROOKLYN MEDIA GROUP/Photos by SB News
Attendees celebrate New Year's Eve at Coney Island
Ringing in the New Year, Coney style!
There was no sophomore slump at Coney Island during the beachfront nabe’s second annual New Year’s Eve celebration, hosted by Borough President Eric Adams and the Alliance for Coney Island. Over 7,000 party goers (some reports have attendance as high as 15,000) were on hand during the growing Brooklyn tradition on the evening of Thursday, December 31, a significant increase from the over 5,000 that attended last year’s inaugural celebration.
This year’s event — which was supported by local representatives Councilmember Mark Treyger and Assemblymember Pamela Harris — featured the same fan favorite festivities as last year’s event, such as watching the digital “burst” countdown from the Parachute Jump, fireworks, hot chocolate and music.
However, this year there were also extended hours of operation for favorite Coney eateries such as Grimaldi’s Pizzeria, Wahlburger’s, Applebee’s and Coney Island Brewery. Several rides were also in operation throughout the night, adding to the fun.
“This year’s New Year’s Eve Celebration was another tremendous success,” said Trey Jenkins, marketing and corporate partnerships manager at the Alliance. “This year, the Thunderbolt, Deno’s Wonder Wheel and the B&B Carousel offered free rides to the public from 8 to 11 p.m. and there was free skating at the Abe Stark Skating Rink from 7 to 11 p.m.”
The New York Aquarium also was involved, extending hours with reduced admission. “It’s clear that our New Year’s event is increasing in popularity and it helped tremendously that Luna Park, the Aquarium, Abe Stark and local businesses opened, further increasing the amount of people who were interested in coming out to Coney Island to celebrate their New Year’s,” Jenkins added. “Our celebration also included local performers, a DJ and a band that helped keep the crowds engaged. The addition of vendors of both food and apparel helped as well.”
“It’s so important what we are doing here because at the end of the summer season, Coney island’s economic viability slows down,” said Borough President Eric Adams before the event. “We want to show that this is a year-round destination with so much to do.”
Attendees were impressed with the experience, with some preferring Coney over the famous Times Square celebration. “It was a lot of fun. It was a great atmosphere,” said Robert Pollock. “There were a lot of families there. People in all age ranges, even kids, were there.”
There were several noteworthy festivities, but Pollock’s favorite was what Coney typically does best. “The fireworks were probably the highlight of the night,” he said. “I’ve done Times Square years ago and I didn’t like it. It felt like a rock concert that I didn’t want to be at. I would go to Coney again. I’m probably going to do it again next year.”
Councilmember David Greenfield also enjoyed the event. “”I had a great time at this year’s New Year’s Eve celebration at Coney Island. Everyone knows that Times Square is for tourists, Coney Island is for the real New Yorkers,” he said. “Thousands of Brooklynites had a blast ringing in the New Year. That sense of community is something that is very uniquely Brooklyn.”
BROOKLYN MEDIA GROUP/file photo
borough president eric adams
Councilmember David Greenfield
councilmember mark treyger
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Media company or not? Facebook urged to “acknowledge the obvious” in the wake of Cleveland shooting
Live video may prove to be a headache for the company that would rather avoid discussion about moderating its platform.
Once again, Facebook is called on to take a more active role in enforcing content standards, this time after a shooter in Cleveland, US, used Facebook to broadcast a video of the killing.
After initially issuing a statement saying that the company would improve “reporting flows” and evoking the possibility of using AI to filter content, Facebook CEO Mark Zuckerberg himself mentioned the Cleveland shooting at the company’s F8 conference on Tuesday, saying “We have a lot more to do here”.
But many saw Zuckerberg’s passing mention of the killing and the absence of specific discussion on what Facebook was planning to do as yet another example of Facebook trying to avoid taking sufficient responsibility of the content on its platform. For instance Washington Post’s Margaret Sullivan, who in the past has called on Facebook to hire an executive editor, argued that Facebook couldn’t go on forever shirking from taking a more active role in enforcing content standards, even if the company had “gone out of its way to avoid acknowledging the obvious“ in recent months.
The issue is unlikely to go away anytime soon: Facebook’s commitment to video content, especially live video, is proving to be problematic to the company, as Facebook Live has already been used to broadcast other murders and violent acts.
The news publishing industry is experiencing transformation at an ever-growing pace, with new policy issues arising as the landscape changes.
We will be examining policy discussions that will define the news publishing environment of the future, the key topics being internet governance, privacy and copyright. Click here to learn more about our work.
WAN-IFRA Media Policy team and experts.
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Blogodonia: Blog without borders
Macedonia and beyond
Archives for posts with tag: Wildlife
Releasing the Bat; Upcoming Flights
“It seems like a big ask,” I said to Nic. I was worried about our planned date. On Monday, Nic would be returning to Australia after a six-month stay here in Florida. Sunday night, she had planned a great last date for us. She was taking me out to dinner plus a special event: releasing a bat that has been in the wildlife sanctuary where Nic has been a volunteer for six months.
“What does?” she said.
“The bat. It’s been in that little box for, what, two months? And now it’s supposed to make its way in the world? It’s been hand fed grubs and now it has to find someplace to live with a colony it doesn’t know, and fend for itself.”
“That sounds just like me!” Nic said. She is going home to Melbourne with no job and no place to live: she’ll be sleeping in the extra rooms of friends or family for a few weeks, trying to find her place…so in that sense, yes, I could see why she empathized with the bat and the big ask. On the other hand, she hasn’t been kept in a box here, and she’s stretched her wings plenty. Also, she’s a large and intelligent mammal who can speak the language fluently and already has friends waiting for her.
I was more worried about the bat, which hadn’t so much as stretched its wings out for weeks. According to Gail, who runs the wildlife sanctuary, it did get out of its cage once and fly around the room in the sanctuary, but for all I knew its muscles might have atrophied since then. It’s a tiny bat, not much more than a baby, its body about 3 inches long at most, plus a tail of about 2 inches, and its head the size of thimble – plus big ears. It’s very dark brown, though not black. At the wildlife sanctuary it lived in a plastic box inside an incubator. The box was big enough for the bat to crawl around and try to clamber up the sides, but not big enough for flight.
After an early dinner by the water, we went back to the sanctuary, and Nic brought the bat in its box to my car. Nic drove, and I asked her to roll the windows up and not talk loudly. “The bat has very sensitive hearing,” I reminded her. As we drove, the bat moved around its box as if eager to get out. Again and again it tried to climb up the plastic sides, but found nothing to hang onto, and slipped back down into the folds of a thick cotton cloth.
We were taking the bat to a bridge over a river nearby where bats were known to hang out, and we would arrive there at dusk. The plan was for the bat to hear its friends-to-be squeaking under the bridge and join them.
About 7.45, just after sunset but with plenty of light still in sky, we got to the park, which is in the middle of an upscale residential area. The waterway is popular with manatees and small boat owners. The river goes out to the bay there, under a bridge, and the sides of the park slope down towards the water, which is deep and black. I carried the box to a grassy spot, trying not to attract any attention from the few people left around. There were lots of bird noises and a few black crows and white seagulls heading home to their safe places for the night. There were also a lot of cars going over the bridge, which seemed disproportionately loud. The bat, which had been crawling disconsolately around its cloth bedding, hid for a while in a fold of the cloth. It stayed still for quite a while, maybe listening.
Nic and I made out many different birdcalls, and some other high noises that might have been bats, and might have been insects or other birds. At one point the bat grew as animated as a bat in a box can be – it came out from a fold in the cloth and stretched out one large flat wing. Then it groomed itself a bit, then crawled towards the far side of the box and up the side. It stretched the other wing.
Nic went to look for other bats, trying to spot the colony whence the bats would depart at dusk. She went to the far side of the bridge, by the bay, and then walked back to another bridge a few hundred yards inland. I sat there watching the bat and watching the sky get darker. The green grass and trees turned to gray-green and then gray. Nic came back reporting no bats. But just as she did, I saw something swoop under the bridge: it was time.
We’d been warned not to let the bat fly out over the water, in case its first flight wasn’t successful. So we carried the box across the bridge to a set of big banyan trees a dozen yards from the water. After we got there, on a bit of land that was between the banyans (on someone’s lawn) and the river, we saw more bats swooping out from under the bridge.
Nic held the camera and I opened the lid of the box. The bat did nothing. After months of trying to escape by climbing up the sides of the box, once the lid was removed the bat seemed to want to go to sleep. The woman who ran the wildlife center had said if the bat didn’t fly off, we could bring it back, but she said usually she just released bats by leaving them in a tree. I wasn’t sure about this – she doesn’t seem to have any evidence that the bats so released ever fly again.
After a few minutes, we lifted the cloth and bat out together, and set them on the grass, at which point that bat took off like a bat out of hell. It stretched its wings a bit but didn’t fly … it refolded its wings and crawled, at a rapid pace, directly towards the banyan trees. The grass was deep and dark, but we saw the tall grasses moving and so watched the bat’s progress, faster than I’d expected, towards the big trees. It seemed intent on getting there – perhaps there were other bats in the trees and it could hear them, or perhaps the bat was just hastening in the opposite direction from us and the box. It moved as fast as a cat walking, and it was heading directly towards the iron fence. We watched with some alarm, because If it got beyond the fence we would not be able to get it back. I’d told Gail that we’d bring it back if it didn’t seem able to fly. But neither of us wanted to return the bat to the box.
“Well, maybe we should pick it up,” I said.
“Maybe,” Nic said.
As we stood there mumbling and watching the movements in the long, swishing grass, the bat trundled through the railings and onto the private land. Once there, the grass thinned out, and the bat emerged from the underbrush and took a few trial hops, maybe a foot or so each, in the manner perhaps of the few flight of the Wright brothers’ Flyer at Kitty Hawk, but also in the manner of a creature that can no longer fly properly. Then it continued crawling. We couldn’t see it anymore but we heard it. We stood listening for a long time, and the noises grew less distinct. There were about five huge trees with long roots hanging down and many dead leaves rustling, but in between the other rustles, every now and then we seemed to hear sounds like a bat crawling.
After a while I moved to another vantage point, and there I saw a creature with a tail up in the branches of the tree. I saw something stretch a wing out on the ledge by the water. Nic heard bat-crawling noises at the base of the tree.
Well, I was disappointed. It would have been much more satisfying if the bat had swooped up and take a victory lap around our heads, then flown off into the sunset. Maybe in parting it could have given a slight tilt of the wings to acknowledge its appreciation for all Nic and the wildlife sanctuary and I had done to save and rehabilitate it and give it its freedom. Instead, we stood in the increasing darkness staring through some iron railings and wondering if the rustles we heard were a good sign.
We went back to the car, and drove home. Nic is leaving tomorrow, and I don’t know how she’ll be.
Tags Flights, Florida, Wildlife
Categories Florida, Uncategorized, USA
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Rescuing park’s shuttered sawmill to tell lumber’s story
Paul J. Crawford is president of Friends of Allegany State Park, the volunteer organization whose efforts are underway to restore the Red House Sawmill, which the state closed in 1997. On the agenda for work are siding and window replacement, as well as structural repairs.
By Jane Kwiatkowski Radlich|Published Sun, May 29, 2016 |Updated Thu, Jun 2, 2016
Asteam whistle sounding each day at noon signaled lunch for the dozen workers who operated the historic Red House Sawmill in Allegany State Park for 50 years.
When the state shuttered the sawmill in 1997, the steam whistle was silenced – but not the dreams of retired millworkers, park enthusiasts and state employees who remained determined to restore the historic structure, one of only a few steam-powered sawmills remaining in the country.
Now, the mill is getting a second chance with a renovation effort by park management and Friends of Allegany State Park, a volunteer organization dedicated to maintaining the 95-year-old park. “It would have been torn down and left for history,” said Hugh J. Dunne, 87, retired Allegany park superintendent and state parks regional director from 1978 to 1990. “It upset me because the last few years, people wanted to do away with the sawmill. It’s good now that the Friends of Allegany saw fit to save it. I’m grateful for the rescue.”
For nearly 20 years the mill, located off Allegany State Park Route 1, sat untouched – boarded up and overrun with dense vegetation. Inside, the boiler – a 1918 model originally manufactured for use in World War I – was in need of repair, unable to generate enough pressure to power the saw through the dense hardwood of cherry, maple and hickory trees, Dunne said.
“The reason it was closed was because the boiler was malfunctioning and could not pass inspection, but nothing was done to fix it,” he said. “The mill was so unique that people over the years knew about it, and they would like to watch it run.”
From its inception in 1921, Allegany State Park grew from 6,000 acres to its present 65,000 acres. That’s 10 square miles of parkland located in Cattaraugus County just west of Salamanca and north of Allegheny National Forest in Pennsylvania. Allegany is divided into two sections: The Red House Area and the Quaker Run Area. The park usually draws 1.2 million visitors each year, but visitation in 2015 topped off at almost 1.5 million, said park officials.
The 2010 Allegany State Park Master Plan called for the sawmill equipment and the building to be stabilized “to preserve and protect this unique historic resource,” said Allegany Park Manager Thomas M. Livak. The master plan also recommended guided interpretive tours – especially given the importance of the lumber industry in the growth of the area in and around the park, Livak added.
One retired park employee recalled his time in the mill.
“Every year, we’d operate the sawmill and cut down timber,” said Paul Bachman, 74. “We’d use the wood for Allegany and other state parks in the area. Fort Niagara got some of our lumber.”
As designated boiler man, it was Bachman who sounded the steam whistle. He also fueled the boiler with sawdust and kindling – the remains of the previous day’s work. Nothing went to waste, said Bachman, who retired in 2001 after a 33-year career at Allegany.
The interpretive tours will use a series of kiosks to show visitors how the raw timber was steam-cleaned, cut, trimmed, stacked for drying and sorted by grade. Starting from the sorting pond and working its way through the mill’s conveyance system, the lumber was stored in the yard for shipment, said Paul J. Crawford, president of Friends of Allegany. It was used to build cabins, group camps and bridges within the park.
“After one year, the lumber was taken to a carpentry shop in late September/early October,” said Crawford, who researched the sawmill and interviewed former workers who described their jobs in detail.
The Red House Sawmill replaced the previous park mill located on Stoddard Creek that operated from 1927 to 1946. It, too, was located off Allegany State Park Route 1, a mile south of the Red House campgrounds.
Park laborers practiced “selected cutting” of the acres of tree stands planted by the Civilian Conservation Corps, a public work relief program that operated from 1933 to 1942 for jobless, unmarried men as part of the New Deal.
Red House Sawmill is one of only a few steam-powered sawmills that are relatively intact, said Livak, an eight-year parks system veteran who was appointed manager at Allegany in August 2015.
“Once the necessary research and reviews are conducted, we will embark on the building and equipment renovations and prepare for guided tours,” Livak said. “Most other mills have long been converted to other sources of power. This sawmill is certainly a relic of the past era of lumber production. It even included a log pond heated by the steam engine that allowed logs to be cleaned before processing during the cold winter months.”
The first phase of the mill restoration project, already underway, is cleanup of the exterior mill area, Crawford said. It is expected to include siding and window replacement, as well as structural repairs.
“The park has already removed major debris and leveled the site area for both aesthetics and parking,” Crawford said.
Dunne, former park superintendent who now lives in a log cabin in Salamanca, recalled working at the sawmill when he was 24.
“That was one of my first jobs,” said Dunne, who ended his career after 41 years in the state parks system. “I worked on the carriage that would take the log through the saw. It was labor-intensive, but that little steam engine ran everything. It didn’t hardly take up any room.”
For information on park events, visit friendsofallegany.com.
email: jkwiatkowski@buffnews.com
Jane Kwiatkowski Radlich – Jane Kwiatkowski Radlich is a staff reporter at The Buffalo News. A print journalism graduate of SUNY Buffalo State, she is also a licensed attorney.
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Committee on the Administration of Justice
Annual Reports, Publications
CAJ correctly describes itself as a human rights NGO. We are members of the International Federation of Human Rights (FIDH), we orientate our work by reference to international human rights law and we locate ourselves in the mainstream of human rights activism worldwide. However, we cannot deal in detail with all aspects of human rights, even as they affect the people of Northern Ireland. Our specific focus is on those human rights issues which are directly relevant to conflict and peace. This includes relevant economic, social and cultural rights as well as civil and political rights.
CAJ was created at the height of the conflict, played a significant role in putng human rights at the heart of the peace settlement and has been occupied with making a reality of a rightsabused society since. We are not complacent about the continuing peace process. Our own history and contemporary examples throughout the world demonstrate both the intractability of divisions based on ethnicity and the capacity of violent conflict to re-emerge a er periods of apparent calm. There are certain key maters which, in our view, determine whether Northern Ireland continues on a more or less peaceful path or lapses back into widespread violent conflict.
Many of these are connected directly with the project of re-building and maintaining faith in the rule of law. That involves overcoming the legacy of the conflict in so far as it involved concealment, cover up and effective impunity for the perpetrators of human rights violations on behalf of the state, to ensure accountability and prevent recurrence. The human rights framework also requires the state to provide effective investigation and remedies for victms of non-state actors. CAJ has called for a single, human rights compliant mechanism to investigate unsolved killings and serious injuries during the conflict to seek prosecutions where possible and truth recovery where not.
Inherent in any legitimate concept of the rule of law is compliance wit human rights law. Encouraging faith in the rule of law also involves building robust contemporary forms of accountability for state security forces, especially the police, which in turn will make them more trusted and more effective in pursuing non-state criminals. Trust in the rule of law is particularly put at hazard in public order situations. The exercise of the freedoms of expression and assembly and occasionally necessary limitations on them must all be carried out within the framework of a transparent and consistent rights based policy in order to ensure that all people recognise the impartial operation of the rule of law.
The rule of law based on a rigorous adherence to human rights standards is, in our view, the only feasible framework for the governance of a society where deep divisions remain. One of the most important human rights standards in this context is that of equality. There is quite simply no other basis for cooperation across community divisions than equality whether in the allocation of public resources based on objective need or in equality of treatment for the culture and symbols of the two main communities, in a manner compatible with the rights of others. Furthermore, knowledge of and respect for the basic principles of human rights must be spread as widely as possible through society. For that reason, CAJ also focuses on equality and the protection and promotion of rights generally. These are the reasons for our concentration on the issues that are described in the following report. We are concerned to combat impunity, guarantee non-recurrence by working for contemporary accountability, promote a rights based framework for the exercise of the freedoms of expression and assembly, advocate the application of the fundamental prfin ecqipulaelsit oy and promulgate the benefits of a rights based society. In these ways we believe that we are making a solid contribution to maintaining the peace and avoiding a return to conflict which would create a bonfire of human rights.
CAJ-Annual-Report-2014-min
Promoting Justice/ Protecting Rights
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National High Five Day: How To Make This Holiday Memorable?
by Mia Maureen | Jul 19, 2018 | Blog | 0 comments
Spotlight: When and How to Celebrate National High Five Day
How National Days Get Designated
Celebrating National High Five Day
Strange Ways High Fives were Celebrated
High Fives For Everybody
You see it at professional baseball games, Pee Wee football practice or whenever someone makes a good shot on the girls’ basketball team. The high five has become a part of American culture. It is so ingrained in our culture that is celebrated every April 19th, which is National High Five Day.
History of the High Five
Did you know that the high five is only about 41 years old? There is some dispute about who created it, but one version says that it started in 1977 when a Los Angeles Dodgers outfielder, Glenn Burke, high fived another outfielder, Dusty Baker, after a home run.
There is an account that gives the Louisville Cardinals basketball team credit for the high five. This claim has the invention of it during their 1978-79 season, claiming it was first done on court during a game. Although no one knows its origins, the roots of the high five is from doing the low five.
The low five is rooted in jazz culture and was done by artists like Al Jolson, Cab Calloway, and the Andrews Sisters. It was known then as “slapping skin” and done after or during a performance. The Andrews Sisters had a song called “Gimme Some Skin, My Friend” that was released in 1940.
Today, babies, dogs, and even cats are taught how to high five. The fist bump evolved from the high five, and, if you’re really excited about a good play from your favorite team, then you may give a friend a high ten, which is using both hands.
There are hundreds of national days in the United States, even though they are not formally recognized. These days are often made up by corporations to promote products, non-profit organizations to promote a cause or people who love something and want a day for it.
There is National Taco Day, National Cheeseburger Day, National Coloring Book Day, and National Pizza with the Works, Except Anchovies Day. National weeks, months and international days exist for almost anything as well.
One way to get a national day designated is to submit an application to the website www.nationaldaycalendar.com to register a national day. If the application is chosen, the site will:
Send out a press release with the news of the designation. It will be sent to the media followers of their website, which is about 20,000 newspapers, radio stations, and talk show hosts.
It will be announced on their Twitter and Facebook accounts, as well as posted on the calendar on their website.
The person or organization who applied for the national day will receive a 20” x 30” certificate with a proclamation of the national day.
You can always take it upon yourself to declare a national day, like National Yo-Yo Day or National Disc Golf Day, but it may only be celebrated by you and your friends. Applying for a designation is a good way for a national day to get recognized by more than your inner circle.
High five day is fun to celebrate, and there are many ways to do so. Aside from giving everyone you know a high five, you could try to break a world record.
Guinness World Records for High Fives
Guinness has several world records in their book designated for high fives. If you want a unique way to celebrate National High Five Day, you could try to break one of them. Some of their world records are for:
Most High Fives in an Hour.
Most High Fives in One Minute.
Most High Fives in 24 Hours.
Longest High Five Chain.
Most High Fives in Relay in Three Minutes.
Most People Performing a Jumping High Five Simultaneously
Most High Fives Given a Mascot in One Minute
Of course, Guinness has specific rules for each world record, including these high five records. The guidelines for each one is sent to those who apply to break a specific record. The guidelines help to standardize and verify each record or attempt at a record.
Most High Fives in an Hour
The current world record for Most High Fives in an Hour by an individual was set on August 5, 2016, by a man in India. Vickrant Mahajan gave high fives to 2,514 people in Jammu, India. He wanted to set the record to promote camaraderie among students.
Most High Fives in One Minute
This world record was set on April 21, 2016, by workers at Kaiser Permanente in San Diego. The company did it for their “High Thrive” campaign and recorded 290 high fives in one minute.
Most High Fives in 24 Hours
One high five record that has stood since 2012 is the Most High Fives in 24 Hours. It was set in Brisbane, Australia by Pete Timbs during a fun run. As runners went by him, he high fived them and received 14,607 high fives in only five hours. He did it to raise money for the Kids Help Line.
Longest High Five Chain
The Longest High Five Chain record was broken in Avondale, AZ at the Fiesta Bowl on November 30, 2016. The Fiesta Bowl and UnitedHealthcare invited 3rd to 8th-grade students from Playworks to break the record to bring awareness to the importance of playing in schools. The students managed to give 3,473 people high fives.
Most High Fives in Relay in Three Minutes
This world record was broken in London on July 29, 2017. It was done by Brother at a Brother event run, and it was one of four attempts at world records at the event. Brother employees high fived 492 people during the relay within three minutes.
This world record involved doing a high five while jumping and 2,209 pairs of people broke the record on May 18, 2017. It was done in Bogota, Colombia by the company Grupo Bogota. It was a group activity designed to engage Grupo employees.
Most High Fives Given by a Mascot in One Minute
Sometimes the participants in these high five records are not entirely human. On September 30, 2017, the mascot for the University of Indiana, who is named Udley, high fived 128 people in one minute. The Greyhound mascot set the Guinness World’s Record for the Most High Fives Given by a Mascot in One Minute at the University’s Homecoming football game.
While Guinness isn’t the only organization that records world records, their records are the only ones that are officially recognized around the world. They publish an almanac each year with the current world records. They also have a website with the records and information about attempting a record on it.
Silly High Five Records
The website Record Setter also records world records for high fives. The attempts need to be recorded and sent to their site to be posted.
Some of the records are silly, such as:
The most half-court shots missed while attempting a high five.
Most alternating high fives with a medical model of an adult skeleton in one minute. The record is 161 if you’re interested.
The coldest high five.
The highest high five.
The shortest high five.
The high five records go on and on for a total of 55 of them on their site. So, if you have some time to spare, go watch the short recordings.
Some people have done strange things to celebrate high fives, including quitting their jobs. An Australian by the name of Craig Lewis decided to quit his job to travel the world and give high fives. He went to over 56 countries before settling in Kenya to help build a school and youth center.
During his adventures, he helped support Theirworld, which is an organization that helps kids around the world fulfill their potentials. They started a #5for5 social media campaign, which involves giving high fives to kids five years old and younger to draw awareness to their charity.
High Five Campaign
Another way to celebrate high five day is to participate in the #VirtualHigh5Challenge. The campaign is another social media challenge that involves posting on your Facebook or Twitter account about the challenge and tagging five friends to give them virtual high fives.
When you tweet or post the challenge on your accounts, a donation of $5 will be made by the company Highfive to CoachArt. CoachArt is a nonprofit organization that creates athletics and arts programs for kids with chronic illnesses. Along with kids ages five to 18, they also include siblings in their programs.
Their programs include teaching group lessons to give children new skills, special events like attending a baseball game, in-home lessons for kids who are homebound due to their illnesses, and clubs they and their siblings can join.
Of course, the only way to celebrate National High Five Day is to give someone a high five. Have fun with it at work, challenge friends or a group to do it, or invent a silly high five record and post it online.
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Catalog Record: The generall historie of Virginia, New England & the Summer isles together with The true travels, adventures and observations, and A sea grammar | HathiTrust Digital Library
The generall historie of Virginia, New England & the Summer isles
together with The true travels, adventures and observations, and A sea grammar /
by John Smith.
Smith, John, 1580-1631.
Glasgow : J. MacLehose, 1907.
Indians of North America > Indians of North America / Virginia.
Bermuda Islands > Bermuda Islands / History.
New England > New England / History > New England / History / Colonial period, ca. 1600-1775
Virginia > Virginia / Description and travel
Virginia > Virginia / History > Virginia / History / Colonial period, ca. 1600-1775
Index prepared by Madame Marie Michon.
"One thousand copies of this book have been printed for sale in Great Britain and Ireland, of which one hundred copies are on hand-made paper."
Half title : The travels of Captaine John Smith.
2 v. : ill., 4 fold, maps ; 23 cm.
Full viewv.1 University of Michigan
The generall historie of Virginia, New-England, and the Summer Isles. : together with the true travels, adventures and observations, and a sea grammar.
The generall historie of Virginia, New England & the Summer Isles, together with The true travels, adventures and observations, and A sea grammar /
The generall historie of Virginia, New-England, and the Summer Isles /
Captain John Smith's circular or prospectus of his Generall historie of Virginia, New-England, and the summer Isles;
A sea grammar.
The true travels and adventures of Captain John Smith into Europe, Asia, Africa and America : from Anno Dom. 1593 to 1629 /
A description of New England : or, observations and discoveries in the north of America in the year of Our Lord 1614, with the success of six ships that went the next year, 1615 /
Advertisements for the planters of New-England.
A history of the settlement of Virginia /
The trve travels, adventures and observations of Captaine Iohn Smith, in Europe, Asia, Africke, and America: beginning about the yeere 1593, and continued to this present 1629 ... From the London ed. of 1629.
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Catalog Record: The passing of the third floor back, an idle fancy in a prologue, a play, and an epilogue | HathiTrust Digital Library
The passing of the third floor back,
an idle fancy in a prologue, a play, and an epilogue,
Jerome, Jerome K. 1859-1927.
New York, S. French [c1921]
The passing of the third floor back; an idle fancy in a prologue, a play, and an epilogue,
Jerome, Jerome K. (Jerome Klapka), 1859-1927.
The passing of the third floor back, an idle fancy in a prologue, a play, and an epilogue,
The passing of the third floor back; an idle fancy in a prologue, a play and an epilogue;
The passing of the third floor back; an idle fancy in a prologue, a play, and an epilogue.
The passing of the third floor back : an idle fancy : in a prologue, a play and an epilogue /
The passing of the third floor back : an idle fancy in a prologue, a play, and an epilogue /
The passing of the third floor back, and other stories /
The passing of the third floor back and other stories /
The passing of the third floor back, and other stories.
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← Feast of St. Charles Borromeo – Mass Propers
Can the Pope Shut Up Too? →
Fr. Rutler on NYC Church Closings: The ‘aggiornamento’ of Vatican II was supposed to bring in tons more people; it did just the opposite.
Posted on November 4, 2014 by Catholic4Life
Behind the New York Church Closings
Father Rutler discusses spiritual realities behind the decision to close 55 churches!!
Catholics in dozens of parishes in New York City and several other counties that make up the Archdiocese of New York learned the sad news that the church where they have been worshiping will be closing.
As part of a major reorganization, Cardinal Timothy Dolan announced the results of a study aimed at saving badly-needed funds and shifting churches and priests to areas outside the city where the Catholic population is growing.
One well-known parish that was spared the axe is the midtown Manhattan Church of the Holy Innocents, a traditionally built church that has attracted a large crowd of traditional Catholics over the past few years. It is the only Catholic church in New York City that offers a daily Mass in the Extraordinary Form of the Latin Rite, also known as the Tridentine Mass.
Father George Rutler is administrator of both Holy Innocents and the West Side Church of St. Michael, which also was passed over by the reorganization plan. Father Rutler, author of Principalities and Powers: Spiritual Combat 1942-1943, and other works, spoke with Aleteia this morning about spiritual issues in the background of the archdiocesan reorganization.
Obviously, church/parish closings/mergers are not a new phenomenon, but in your view, what are some of the factors that lead to situations like this?
Among the factors is a decline in Catholic life. One statistic I was given recently is the Catholic population of New York City is just about the same as it was 70 years ago. There’s not a decline in Catholic population; there’s a decline in Catholic life, and there are all kinds of reasons for that.
I think there’s a great deal of dishonesty and denial on the part of some people who engaged in the fantasy that we were entering a new springtime of the faith. The aggiornamento of Vatican II was supposed to bring in tons more people; it did just the opposite. So long as people refuse to admit there were mistakes made a generation ago — in catechesis, liturgy, addressing the real problems of secularism — they’re never going to make any real reform.
We’ve also had a lot of white flight from the city out to the suburbs, and in the northern counties there is a need for new parishes. At the same time, down here, we do have…redundant parishes. Another reason for these closures is that the churches were organized very much for ethnic purposes rather than evangelical purposes. There was a cultural assumption that the Church was a home for immigrants, and that they would belong to parishes not just for the faith but also for, legitimately, social reasons, for community, schools and the like. So in Manhattan we have an old German parish, an Italian parish, [etc.], and they’re in close proximity with each other. And, and that’s no longer needed.
The primary fact is that most Catholics aren’t practicing the faith. Mass attendance in New York is about 12%. You’ve had about a 50% drop since the Second Vatican Council. Nobody will address that. They’ll acknowledge the fact, but they will not address the fact that there were some serious mistakes made in the last generation.
It would make a good study on why New York City, which is so culturally vibrant — sort of tormented and perverse in many ways, but vibran t— has such spiritual lethargy.
The other factor, of course, is the priest shortage. It’s a curiosity that here we are in New York City, the heart of the universe — I say that as a New Yorker — we have such a low number of priestly vocations. In my last parish, where I was for 12 years, I had nine fellows go on to the seminary. When asked “How is it done?” I tell them, and some don’t want to hear it. I think it’s significant now that more young men are going into religious orders rather than the diocesan priesthood. Of course they are distinct kinds of ministries but I think some of them go into religious orders who might have gone into the secular priesthood, because the local scene often seems banal. The religious orders often are more challenging.
What are we not doing that we should be doing to revive Catholic life?
The first thing is to be realistic, to address the real problems in our society, secularity, instead of trying to be everything to everyone. It’s a great danger just to want to be friendly and liked instead of challenging in a prophetic way the errors of society and caving into them. St. Paul said to Timothy, “Do not be a man-pleaser.” This doesn’t mean going around and hitting people over the heads with bibles, but it does mean being Catholic, right across the board…. We’ve had a secularization of religious life. Women’s religious orders are collapsing, have collapsed. Nothing was done a generation ago to discipline the orders, and to truly reform them. The ones that are growing are the ones who are faithful to their founders’ charisms.
And a primary evangelical tool of the Church is the liturgy, and wherever the liturgy is banal, you will not have vocations. In many places it’s not a problem of heresy, it’s just a matter of sloth. People are just stuck in the 1970s. Young people don’t want to go to a church where there’s a septuagenarian playing very bad Jesuit hymns from the 1960s. But many bishops don’t understand that. The liturgy has become just sort of man-focused. One giveaway is liturgies where the bishop or the priest cannot restrain himself from interjecting his own personality. They were taught to do this: greeting people, telling jokes and then thanking everybody for being there, and at the end asking applause for the choir and the ushers and everybody else. We don’t thank people for keeping the commandments! These are commandments, not propositions.
That’s people’s main contact, and I would say my vocations more than anything else came from young men’s absorption in the liturgy. And I’m not speaking about being fussy or obscurantist. I think there’s a real problem of reaction from evangelization, a real problem of nostalgia rather than tradition on the part of many people as far as the Extraordinary Form is concerned. But that’s to be expected when people have been denied their authentic Catholic roots. The danger then, of course, is…to become enclosed. Cardinal Ratzinger spoke about the danger of Mass facing the people as a kind of enclosure, whereas when the priest leads the people facing East it’s an opening to the kingdom of God. The priest facing the people becomes a kind of circular community lacking in transcendence. But a lot of people who embrace the Extraordinary Form run that risk too.They become ghettoized. It’s rather significant that in so many cases — I can’t cite numbers — but usually it’s been my experience that where the Extraordinary Form is, usually you have a static group of people, and you don’t have outreach for bringing others in.
So just using the Extraordinary Form is not the solution. What is the solution is understanding that the liturgy is God’s call to the people and the people’s response. Then you get vocations.
Another factor is the preaching, which is abysmal. We need catechetical preaching, where people get the basic doctrine of the faith. People should be leaving church having learned something.
http://www.aleteia.org/en/religion/article/behind-the-new-york-church-closings-5852002303082496
Meanwhile… New York’s St. Patrick’s Cathedral to Undergo $177-Million-Dollar Renovation!!
NEW YORK — New York City’s fabled St. Patrick’s Cathedral has been a silent, noble observer of the St. Patrick’s Day parade for over a century. But, according to New York’s new cardinal, the old cathedral is in danger of disintegrating.
Just prior to the Fifth Avenue parade celebrations on March 17, on the steps of the cathedral — on the feast day of St. Patrick himself — Cardinal Timothy Dolan announced that the Archdiocese of New York is launching a $177-million renovation of the cathedral. Hailed by Cardinal Dolan as “America’s Parish Church,” the cathedral will undergo its largest and most expensive restoration since it first opened its doors 133 years ago.
Construction of the church began in 1858, when then-Archbishop John Hughes decided that the Catholic community of New York, primarily comprised of Irish immigrants, had outgrown the former St. Patrick’s Cathedral (now the Basilica of Old St. Patrick’s Cathedral) located on Mulberry Street in Lower Manhattan. A new location, where the cathedral now stands, was chosen on Fifth Avenue between 50th and 51st Streets in Midtown Manhattan.
The construction had hardly begun when it was halted due to the Civil War. Twenty years later, in 1879, the first Mass was celebrated inside the cathedral. Now, 14 decades after John Hughes first dreamed of a new cathedral for the city of New York, Cardinal Dolan is calling on New Yorkers — Catholics and others of good will — to once again support the cathedral, which, according to the cardinal, is in great need of both repair and reinforcement to safely welcome the more than 5.5 million visitors it receives each year.
During the morning press conference, Cardinal Dolan was joined by New York Gov. Andrew Cuomo and other state and city officials as he summarized the history of the cathedral and bluntly described the physical needs that have brought about the restoration campaign.
“Now we’re not talking about a nice idea, folks, or some cosmetic facelift,” noted Cardinal Dolan. “We’re talking about the very survival of our beloved cathedral. This cathedral, simply put, is cracking. The bricks are crumbling and falling; the renowned windows are rattling and splitting; the heat, the air and the plumbing is old; the outside, as you see, is crusted with grit; and the roof is leaking. We don’t really have a choice but to repair.”
Over the next three years, the archdiocese will attempt to raise the necessary funds to complete the full restoration. The total price tag of the project is estimated at $177,300,000 — of which $55 million for the initial stage has already been secured through the cathedral trustees and a grant from the archdiocese.
http://www.ncregister.com/daily-news/new-yorks-st.-patricks-cathedral-to-undergo-177-million-dollar-renovation#ixzz3I6zvMT1x
Related: Millionaires mad at Pope Francis’ wealth talk may close coffers to St. Patrick’s
St. Patrick’s Cathedral trustee Ken Langone told CNBC that some wealthy Catholics were balking at giving their financial support to the New York church’s restoration project in the wake of the pontiff’s teachings!!
Pope Francis’ recent critical comments about the wealthy are potentially scaring off millionaire donors for the $180 million restoration of St. Patrick’s Cathedral.
That’s the message that billionaire Ken Langone, founder of Home Depot, passed along to Timothy Cardinal Dolan during a recent breakfast meeting.
Langone, who’s spearheading the restoration of St. Patrick’s, told CNBC on Monday that some wealthy Catholics were balking at giving their financial support to the project in the wake of the Pope’s teachings.
He said one “seven-figure potential donor” to the project was hesitant to give because of comments the new Pope made in his November exhortation. “Money must serve, not rule!” the pontiff wrote, taking aim at the new “idolatry” of money.
http://www.nydailynews.com/new-york/mad-millionaires-wary-st-patrick-pope-talk-article-1.1562984
U.S. Archbishops seem to live the “lifestyles of the rich and religious!!
U.S. Archbishops seem to live the “lifestyles of the rich and religious,” and some people say it is not justified, while bishops say the buildings are historical and can’t easily be sold.
According to church and government records, 10 of the 34 active archbishops in the U.S. are living in buildings worth more than $1 million.
New York’s Cardinal Timothy Dolan was recorded as owning the most expensive property with a 15,000-square-foot (1,394 square meters) mansion on Madison Avenue.
Vanderbilt Appraisal Company estimated the mansion’s value at $30 million.
Cardinal Francis George of Chicago owns a mansion located on 1.7 acres of prime real estate in Chicago. The three nuns who work for the cardinal live in a 5,800-sqaure-foor coach house near the mansion.
http://www.ecumenicalnews.com/article/research-reveals-u-s-archbishops-live-on-lavish-properties-25910
| Tagged Cardinal Dolan, Francis -Bergoglio - MONEY IS EVIL!!, Vatican II Rotten Fruits
One thought on “Fr. Rutler on NYC Church Closings: The ‘aggiornamento’ of Vatican II was supposed to bring in tons more people; it did just the opposite.”
mariaangelagrow
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Hoosier History: On This Day, December 6
Posted 4:30 am, December 6, 2018, by Web Admin
Bottles and barrel of confiscated whiskey in 1932. (Photo credit: National Photo Company Collection/Library of Congress)
Today is Thursday, Dec. 6, the 340th day of 2018. There are 25 days left in the year.
Today’s Hoosier Highlights in History:
On Dec. 6, 1933, one day after the last vote to ratify the Twenty-First Amendment came through and lifted Prohibition, Indiana Governor Paul McNutt begins the process of granting state liquor licenses.
On Dec. 6, 1875, Indiana Congressman Michael Crawford Kerr of New Albany begins his term as the first Democratic Speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives. He would preside as Speaker at only the first session of the Forty-fourth Congress and died of tuberculosis shortly after its adjournment. (Photo credit: Brady-Handy photo collection/Library of Congress)
On Dec. 6, 1971, Ryan White is born in Kokomo. He would later contract HIV through a contaminated blood transmission in 1984 while being treated for hemophilia. HIV/AIDS was poorly understood at the time, and he faced discrimination and hostility. Ryan quickly became a national symbol of the AIDS crisis of the 1980’s, and helped change public perceptions of individuals with the disease up until he passed away in 1990. (Photo: CBS4 file)
On Dec. 6, 2006, “Haunted Indiana,” a magazine dedicated to the paranormal, features a centerpiece article in its debut issue about ghosts at The Crump Theater in downtown Columbus. The theater, which dates back to 1874, is listed on the national register of historic places. (Photo courtesy: State of Indiana)
On this date elsewhere:
In 1790, Congress moved to Philadelphia from New York.
In 1865, the 13th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution, abolishing slavery, was ratified as Georgia became the 27th state to endorse it.
In 1884, Army engineers completed construction of the Washington Monument by setting an aluminum capstone atop the obelisk.
In 1907, the worst mining disaster in U.S. history occurred as 362 men and boys died in a coal mine explosion in Monongah, West Virginia.
In 1917, some 2,000 people were killed when an explosives-laden French cargo ship, the Mont Blanc, collided with the Norwegian vessel Imo at the harbor in Halifax, Nova Scotia, setting off a blast that devastated the Canadian city. Finland declared its independence from Russia.
In 1923, a presidential address was broadcast on radio for the first time as President Coolidge spoke to a joint session of Congress.
In 1947, Everglades National Park in Florida was dedicated by President Harry S. Truman.
In 1957, America’s first attempt at putting a satellite into orbit failed as Vanguard TV3 rose about four feet off a Cape Canaveral launch pad before crashing down and exploding.
In 1973, House minority leader Gerald R. Ford was sworn in as vice president, succeeding Spiro T. Agnew.
In 1982, 11 soldiers and six civilians were killed when an Irish National Liberation Army bomb exploded at a pub in Ballykelly, Northern Ireland.
In 1989, 14 women were shot to death at the University of Montreal’s school of engineering by a man who then took his own life.
In 1998, in Venezuela, former Lt. Col. Hugo Chavez (OO’-goh CHAH’-vez), who had staged a bloody coup attempt against the government six years earlier, was elected president.
In 2001, The House of Representatives, by a one-vote margin, gave President George W. Bush more power to negotiate global trade deals. President Bush dedicated the national Christmas tree to those who had died on Sept. 11 and to service members who had died in the line of duty.
Ten years ago: President-elect Barack Obama said in a Saturday radio and Internet address that he’d asked his economic team for a recovery plan that would save or create more than 2 million jobs. Indicted Democratic U.S. Rep. William Jefferson was ousted from his New Orleans area district in a special election won by Republican attorney Anh “Joseph” Cao, who became the first Vietnamese-American in Congress. Heiress Martha “Sunny” von Bulow, who’d spent the last 28 years of her life in a coma, died in New York City at age 76.
Five years ago: A day after Nelson Mandela’s death at 95, South Africans of all colors erupted in song, dance and tears in emotional celebrations of the life of the man who had bridged the country’s black-white divide and helped avert a race war. The Fender Stratocaster that Bob Dylan played at the 1965 Newport Folk Festival was sold at Christie’s for nearly $1 million _ the highest price ever paid for a guitar at auction.
One year ago: President Donald Trump declared Jerusalem to be Israel’s capital, defying warnings from the Palestinians and others around the world that he would be destroying hopes for Mideast peace. Time magazine named as its Person of the Year the “Silence Breakers” – those who had shared their stories about sexual assault and harassment. A wildfire erupted in the exclusive Bel-Air section of Los Angeles, the latest neighborhood of Southern California to find itself under siege from an outbreak of wind-driven blazes. Russian President Vladimir Putin announced that he would seek re-election, putting him on track to become Russia’s longest-serving ruler since Soviet dictator Josef Stalin.
Today’s Birthdays: Comedy performer David Ossman is 82. Actor Patrick Bauchau is 80. Country singer Helen Cornelius is 77. Actor James Naughton is 73. Former Transportation Secretary Ray LaHood is 73. Rhythm-and-blues singer Frankie Beverly (Maze) is 72. Former Sen. Don Nickles, R-Okla., is 70. Actress JoBeth Williams is 70. Actor Tom Hulce is 65. Actor Wil Shriner is 65. Actor Kin Shriner is 65. Actor Miles Chapin is 64. Rock musician Rick Buckler (The Jam) is 63. Comedian Steven Wright is 63. Country singer Bill Lloyd is 63. Singer Tish Hinojosa is 63. Rock musician Peter Buck (R.E.M.) is 62. Rock musician David Lovering (Pixies) is 57. Actress Janine Turner is 56. Rock musician Ben Watt (Everything But The Girl) is 56. Writer-director Judd Apatow is 51. Rock musician Ulf “Buddha” Ekberg (Ace of Base) is 48. Writer-director Craig Brewer is 47. Actress Colleen Haskell is 42. Actress Lindsay Price is 42. Actress Ashley Madekwe is 37. Actress Nora Kirkpatrick is 34. Christian rock musician Jacob Chesnut (Rush of Fools) is 29. Tennis player CoCo Vandeweghe is 27. Football quarterback Johnny Manziel is 26.
(The Associated Press contributed to this report.)
Topics: 21st Amendment, alcohol, Hoosier History, liquor, On This Day, prohibition, Ryan White, Speaker of the House, This Day In History
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Indiana Album wants to borrow your memories to share with Hoosiers across the state
4 Our Veterans News
Vietnam War veterans reunite in Columbus 50 years after returning home
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Rah Ali Has Words For P Diddy Following The NYE Fight At His Place
Bridget Hill Jan 7, 2018 8:53 PM PDT
Rah Ali, the former star of Love And Hip Hop as well as the Black Ink Crew, started 2018 with a big bang after she got in a fight with her co-star, Sky, at P Diddy’s New Year’s Eve party. According to BET.com, Ali has since stopped feuding with the other woman in the dispute, and instead, has looked toward P. Diddy, or Sean Combs.
However, her words toward the music-mogul are not negative or confrontational. Ali spoke in the past about her alleged victory in the fight, but now she’s looking to the famed producer for reconciliation.
When speaking with reporters from TMZ Live, Ali said “sorry” to the rapper and music producer and said things would’ve been different had things gone “her way.”
In a soft-spoken voice, the star said she wanted to use the opportunity to “apologize to Diddy” for what happened because she didn’t want the fight to go down on his property.
Ali said she especially didn’t want to “blackout” on his property. Sources at the party say “Rah had a little too much to drink, and it was apparent to all. However, we can’t judge. Who hasn’t had too much to drink on occasion?”
Ali went on to say that she and Sky had unfinished business that needed tending to, and it’s a shame it went down where it did. She said, however, “last time” she fought with Sky, it completely “threw her off guard.”
As you may now, Rah is talking about the time she and Sky got into a fight while filming the TV show, Black Ink Crew, back in 2015. The pair frequently exchanged words on the show, and have feuded for quite some time.
Read more about p. diddy Rah Ali love and hip hop
Remy Ma Claims Her L&HH Co-Star Has Been Harassing Her Daughter
Jul 13, 2019 8:53 PM PDT
Moniece Slaughter Calls Out Apryl Jones For Dating Her Ex-Boyfriend’s Bandmate Lil Fizz
Jul 3, 2019 11:53 AM PDT
Love & Hip Hop’s Pooh Hicks ‘Yes I Dated Queen Latifah And Give My Husband Threesomes For Valentine’s Day’
Jun 19, 2019 11:55 AM PDT
Mariah Carey Accidently Steals Meryl Streep's Seat At The Golden Globes
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#heritage
#literature
#performing arts
#travel in Poland
#visual arts
Don’t Panic! We’re From Poland
Adam Mickiewicz Institute
Weinberg’s Portret at Teatr Wielki in Poznań no image Off
#music #performing arts #culture Fri, 12/06/2013 - 01:00 - Sun, 01/19/2014 - 01:00
Mieczysław Weinberg’s opera in three acts, Portret (The Portrait), will have its Polish premiere on 6 December 2013, at Teatr Wielki (Grand Theatre) in Poznań.
Directed by David Pountney, the current adaptation of the original Portret (1980) previously premiered at London's Lowry Theatre and
Directed by David Pountney, the current adaptation of the original Portret (1980) previously premiered at London's Lowry Theatre and was very well received. U.K. based Opera North Production’s remake is now coming to its homeland at the Teatr Wielki stage, which has made significant historical contributions to shaping the image of opera in Poland, recently celebrating its 100th anniversary in the year 2010.
Inspired by Nikolai Gogol’s story of the same name (1835), Weinberg composed the opera to a libretto by Aleksander Miedwiediew. The first performance of Portret was held in 1983 at the National Theatre in Brno, Czech Republic. Independent on Sunday reviewed Opera North Production's U.K. adaptation of Portret as: “Musically subtle and tautly sung.”
Mieczysław Weinberg, also known as Wajnberg in Polish (1919-1996), was born in to a Jewish family in Warsaw. He lived and studied in Warsaw until his family moved to the Soviet Union at the outbreak of war in 1944. Music experts from the former Soviet Union considered Mieczysław Weinberg as one of the most interesting composers after his mentor, Dmitri Shostakovich. Apart from Alexandre Tansman and Andrzej Panufnik, Weinberg was one of the few Polish composers in exile, who managed to interest the most outstanding performers in his music. His compositions include several dozen symphonies, concerts, choral pieces, chamber pieces and movie scores. In terms of the opera, he is the author of as many as seven pieces – The Passenger (1968), composed to the libretto based on a short story by Zofia Posmysz, D’Artagnan in love with the libretto drawing on Alexandre Dumas’ novel, Well done!, and other pieces based on the works of Bernard Shaw, Fyodor Dostoyevsky and Nikolai Gogol.
The upcoming Poznań premiere on 6 December, 19:00 is sung in Russian with Polish subtitles. The project is financed by the Ministry of Culture and National Heritage.
More information on the event.
Edited by E.M., 03/12/2013
Teatr Wielki w Poznaniu mieczysław wajnberg mieczysław weinberg david poutney opera poznań
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Orange Dots and Balloons Jazz Up the Sunnyside Pedestrian Mall
Photo: John Greenfield
First built in 1975, the Sunnyside Pedestrian Mall is a leafy, car-free walkway that runs for two blocks between Beacon Street and Magnolia Avenue in Uptown’s Sheridan Park section. With its benches, plantings, and mosaic-covered pillars, it should be a popular place for all kinds of positive activity, along the lines of Lincoln Square’s Kempf Plaza.
However, the Uptown space functions largely as a place to pass through while traveling to other places, according to neighbor Ginny Sykes, a restaurant owner and artist who’s a member of the Sunnyside Mall Committee. “What I observe is a lot of people walking through here on their way to and from the Red Line,” said Sykes, who has lived near the mall for almost 28 years. “They walk their dogs, they bring their kids out to throw balls and maybe play a little bit. They sit on the benches and have conversations. Children walk use it to walk to school.”
While she feels the space already works fairly well, Sykes would like to see more programming at the mall, such as the art fair and the movie night that recently took place. “The more positive energy that goes into the space and the more people that get involved, the better it will be,” she said.
In order to come up with a long-term vision for the plaza, the Sunnyside Mall Committee is inviting community members to show up for a community input meeting in the plaza on Saturday from 10 a.m. to noon. It will be a chance to brainstorm ideas for a master plan that can be implemented over time.
To help set the stage for tomorrow’s event, the committee worked with members of the local branches of the Congress for the New Urbanism and the American Institute of Architects last night to install a number of inexpensive, temporary interventions to “brighten the mall.” They strung big orange balloons across the walkway in zigzag patterns.
They stenciled orange dots – similar to the green and blue spots at Lakeview’s Lincoln Hub installation — on the pavement with water-soluble paint that will wash off in a strong rainstorm. They hung laminated signs on trees with thought-provoking messages. And they strung up a pair of comfy-looking hammocks.
This act of tactical urbanism is a pilot project, designed to enliven the space and inspire neighbors to think about more permanent ways to make their mall better, according to CNU board member Mike Kritzman, an urban designer and planner with the Lakota Group. It’s one of several events the organization has done to promote the activation of public spaces this year, including a speaker series they hosted last spring in partnership with the Center for Neighborhood Technology.
“We deliberately scheduled this right before tomorrow’s meeting, to get people thinking about the space and help them see how easy it is to make changes,” Kritzman said. He noted that the strings balloons could be replaced with permanent lighting, for example. “Hopefully, down the road, as the powers that be see that there are people in the neighborhood who are willing to do things, and ideas being tested, maybe money will become available.”
Othello Harris, a creative writing student, chef, and local community activist, helped out with painting the orange dots. He said he tries to hang out in the plaza on his days off to talk with local youth and get a sense of how they’re doing.
“This is an up-and-coming space,” he said. “There are a few problems that need to be worked out as far as certain people. Other than that, I think it’s really coming along and people are working together to do better by the community. Events like this help neighbors get to know each other.”
Rachel Oyelola, who works at a law firm, and her girlfriend Francine Ornelas, a warehouse worker, were celebrating Oyelola’s birthday with a hotdog grill and a hookah pipe in the middle of the plaza, near their apartment. “I really like this mall in general,” said Oyelola.“It’s like a little piece of nature in the middle of the neighborhood.”
They said the plaza would definitely benefit from more programming, and that the recent art fair was a nice surprise. They gave a thumbs up to the new orange decorations. “This is really, really nice,” said Ornelas. “It definitely beautifies the space and makes it more welcoming. I like it.”
Filed Under: Design, Events, Eyes on the Street, Neighborhoods, Walking, Pedestrian Malls, Tactical Urbanism, Uptown
kastigar
Yes, it is a place you go through to get someplace else.
From Lincoln Avenue to the lakefront path, Sunnyside is a good alternative to the other city streets, Wilson or Montrose. It adds a little distance because as
Truman College you need to divert back to Wilson to continue to the lake.
This short two-block stretch is part of what makes it attractive.
High_n_Dry
Soooo want to buy a place on a pedestrian street… except in West Town.
Francine Ornelas
We were looking forward to seeing this again for Rachel’s birthday this year. ;-) thanks again for the wonderful memories!
Take a Virtual Tour of the Wilson Stop’s New Sunnyside Entrance
By John Greenfield | Dec 1, 2017
Unlike most unstaffed CTA entrances, this one is wheelchair- and bike-friendly
Active Trans Urges City to Think Big With List of Potential Car-Free Streets
By John Greenfield | Feb 12, 2014
Chicago has a number of innovative projects in the works that reconfigure streets to prioritize walking, transit and cycling and create lively public spaces, but one area where we still lag behind peer cities is the creation of car-free spaces. Today the Active Transportation Alliance called for the city to rectify that, releasing a list […]
New Platform, Entrance, Artwork Debut at Wilson Station
By John Greenfield | Oct 23, 2017
The Wilson 'L' station renovation in Uptown reached another major milestone today.
Eyes on the Street: The New Wilson ‘L’ Station Platform
By John Greenfield | Mar 22, 2016
With Monday’s opening of a new, modernized southbound platform, the $203 million Wilson station reconstruction project is now one-third finished. The overhaul, which began in late 2014, is slated for completion by late 2017. There are currently four entrances to the station. The old main, attended entrance on Broadway, as well as the old auxiliary […]
Misleading Fliers Attack Multifamily Housing Proposal in Transit-Friendly Sheridan Park
A neighbor is arguing that allowing a condo building will more than a 1:1 ratio of parking spots to housing units will create a parking crunch.
Use the Wilson Bridge Closure as an Excuse to Try Out These East-West Mellow Routes
By John Greenfield | Oct 1, 2018
Try these low-stress alternatives to Wilson devised just for Streetsblog Chicago readers.
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Rita Ora – Phoenix
Rita Ora – Phoenix - ''
Atlantic Records Nov 23rd, 2018
Reviewed by Tommy Monroe
The drought is over, and Rita Ora is back with a shower of blessings in the form of new music. It’s been more than six years since the release of her debut album, ORA which gained the attention of several music fans in the world. With songs like “How We Do (Party),” “R.I.P,” and “Fall in Love” it was like love at first listening for pop fans. Since then, she has released impactful singles like “Let You Down,” “Poison” and “Body On Me” that made fans thirst for another album. Unfortunately, the legal tussle with her previous record label, Roc Nation stopped this from happening.
Phoenix brings a refreshing vibe of victory for both Ora and everyone who has waited, dreamed, fantasized about finally listening to the singer’s sophomore album. Songs like: “Your Song,” “Anywhere,” “For You,” and “Lonely Together” aren’t new to the ears, but the best part about this is that these top charting bops made it to the album. The 28-year-old artist rarely misses when she drops singles. This is probably why the pop album is filled with multiple hit songs that create an explosion of pop sounds in the ears. Excitement is what each track brings. On downtempo songs like “Summer Love,” “Hell of a Life,” and “Keep Talking,” the subtle electric sounds are the secret to the melody.
The theme of love is a prominent one on the 16-track project. Many of the tunes are addressed to an anonymous lover. On “Only Want You” she sings, “I don’t want somebody like you/I only want you, I only want you.” Meanwhile, on the electro-pop jam, “Anywhere,” she fantasizes about going on an adventure with her lover.
Rita Ora creates music that makes ears dance. Seven years is a long time between the release of a debut album and sophomore album—especially for a pop icon like Rita Ora, but the beauty in Phoenix shines so bright it evokes emotions of pride and appreciation from listeners who know some of the hard times she experienced while trying to present this project to the world. “Soul Survivor” is a deep song that encompasses the struggles behind the release of the album. She sings on the song: “I’m a soul survivor, I made it through the fire.” Phoenix is pop music at its peak! No fillers, no dull moment, no distractions, just great pop music. Beyond toping her performance on her debut album, she adds another golden project to her discography.
Filed Under: Article, Review, Rita Ora
Tommy Monroe Tommy Monroe is a contributor at chorus.fm. He can also be found at @TommyMonroe_ on Twitter.
More from Tommy Monroe:
Eliza Shaddad – Future
Belly – IMMIGRANT
G Herbo / Southside – Swervo
‘Slay In Your Lane’ is an uplifting book with words that will have a ripple effect across generations of Black Women.
Previous PostDylan Slocum of Spanish Love Songs on PodcastNext PostMumford & Sons Top the Charts
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The Library of Congress > Chronicling America > Lawrence locomotive.
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Libraries that Have It: Lawrence locomotive. [microfilm reel] (Lawrence, Neb.) 1887-current
Lawrence, Neb. (1887-current)
About | Libraries that Have It | MARC Record
HOLDING: Nebraska State Hist Soc Libr, Lincoln, NE
View more titles from this institution
Available as: Microform
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Available as: Original
Retains current issues until microfilm received
1892, 1896, 1900-1912, 1914-
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William Thompson (behind the lens) is the founder of Good Inc., based in Sacramento. (Photo courtesy William Thompson)
Networking Groups Offer Support to Rising Number of Freelancers
Back Web Only Feb 7, 2019 By Courtney McKinney
Mary Boyd is always strapped for time. She’s the mother of two young children, a registered dietician, health coach and part-time blogger based in Sacramento. With so much on her to-do list, she can’t do all the things she would like to enhance her lifestyle blog, Uniquely~Me — like attend out-of-town blogging conferences or spend hours cultivating relationships for potential collaborations.
But Boyd has found one relatively easy way to stay active in the blogging space, by plugging into a local group that caters to creative entrepreneurs. In September 2017, she attended her first event with The Blog Bloc, a Sacramento-based organization that facilitates workshops and connection for bloggers, social media influencers and content creators. At that first event, Boyd learned how to create and schedule content on different media platforms. She has since attended eight events hosted by The Blog Bloc.
Boyd says The Blog Bloc didn’t just offer her new skills and camaraderie — it also gave her access to companies looking to pay bloggers for their talents. For example, through The Blog Bloc, she got connected to an opportunity to write a sponsored post for a McDonald’s “100% fresh beef” campaign — an opportunity she wouldn’t have found otherwise. Boyd says being part of a freelancer community has broadened her understanding of the kind of work available to her: “It was nice to know that there were opportunities out there and what the possibility of expanding my blog could look like.”
William Thompson founded Good Inc. in 2014 to connect photographers and models. (Photo courtesy William Thompson)
Creative networking groups like The Blog Bloc are helping creative entrepreneurs turn their crafts into business. Good Inc., also based in Sacramento, gives photographers and models opportunities to collaborate, workshop and learn. The idea is that creative entrepreneurs need support groups like these to help develop their businesses in an ever-crowded market.
“There is a greater demand because of the rise of the freelancer, the person ditching their 9-5 to pursue their dream or side hustle in Sacramento and beyond,” says Kachet Jackson-Henderson, founder of The Blog Bloc and the lifestyle blog, The Kachet Life. “There’s no blueprint, and with everyone trying to carve out their own lane… more groups will have to come out of it.”
Out of Isolation, Into Community
Right now, over 1 in 3 Americans freelance in some capacity. By 2027, it’s estimated that half of the U.S. workforce will be participating in the freelance economy. But freelancing isn’t easy, and it’s even harder with the growing market. That’s why some community-minded entrepreneurs have taken it upon themselves to find ways to share tips and resources to help lead others to success.
Jackson-Henderson started blogging about her personal style in 2012, and has since built an Instagram following of over 45,000 people, as well as her own media business, where she manages social media strategy, media relations and influencer marketing for her clients. She has partnered with brands such as Alaska Airlines, Macy’s and Whole Foods, and gained recognition through frequent appearances on local television news programs.
William Thompson’s Good Inc. hosts about 30 events annually. (Photo courtesy William Thompson)
Back in 2012, Jackson-Henderson says social media influencing and blogging was in its infancy, and there were few ways to connect with others who sought to make a living that way. “The word ‘influencer’ wasn’t even a thing — it was about longform content,” she says. “I found community in happy hours and Meetups, but that group kind of dwindled because blogging takes up a big amount of time.”
In 2017, Jackson-Henderson attended Alt Summit — a conference offering classes and information for creative entrepreneurs and social media influencers. She figured that Sacramento should have a community that offered a similar kind of support: “I thought if I could bring a pinch of that home, not only would others be excited about what they were doing, but they would also learn from each other. Even if you’re a freelancer, sometimes you can feel like you’re on an island if you’re not surrounded by peers.”
Related: Sacramento’s Best Friends for Frosting Explores Brick-and-Mortar via Airbnb
Related: Freelance Life: Brand Yourself
Jackson-Henderson soon launched The Blog Bloc to help other Sacramento creatives off their islands and into community; the group hosts monthly events and now has over 100 members.
In 2011, Good Inc. founder Will Thompson started taking photos of Sacramento — his hometown — and the surrounding region for his Instagram account. In 2014, he posted a picture of his brother standing on Foresthill Bridge in Auburn, which attracted a new level of attention. Up to that point, most of Thompson’s posts garnered around 400 likes and 25 comments; the Foresthill Bridge post received 774 likes and 152 comments. “We climbed up the bridge and took a photo on the inside, and that photo went crazy — a lot of people liked it and started asking where it was.”
The Blog Bloc serves creative entrepreneurs in the Sacramento area. (Photo: Penny Sylvia Photography. )
He kept shooting landscapes, people and the occasional building, all while fielding questions from followers about his photography and process. Seven years later, Thompson has an Instagram following of over 26,000, and has turned photography into his profession. He says as a creative entrepreneur, he has learned to be flexible with the work he takes on. “Last week I was taking photos of lamps, and the week before that I was taking pictures of pillows,” he says. “It’s not all glamorous, but somebody has to do it.”
Thompson created Good Inc. in 2014 to connect photographers and models, and to provide both groups with organized opportunities to shoot in breathtaking locations across California and around Sacramento. The group hosts an average of 30 events annually, which include workshops, outings and meetups, and has an email list of more than 700 members.
To Entrepreneur or Not to Entrepreneur?
Thompson says Sacramento is well-suited for creative entrepreneurialism because of its relatively small size: “It’s easier to stand out and make a name for yourself.” The Blog Bloc and Good Inc. attract slightly different communities — the former serves primarily bloggers and social media marketers and influencers, and the latter engages mostly photographers and models. But what they have in common is a spirit of community.
Elizabeth Delgado is a network administrator by day and hobbyist photographer who started attending Good Inc. events in 2015. “Whether you’re in front of the camera or behind it, there is always an exchange of ideas happening, and I’ve learned more about photography than I could ever learn in a class, a book or online,” she says.
Beyond the technical aspects of photography, Delgado says the community is what teaches her most: “Where I once believed photography was only what I could see through my viewfinder, I have expanded that view tenfold through collaboration… I get to network with talented people and with each event, I learn more about gear, capturing light, composition, portraiture — you name it, I’m learning it.”
While Good Inc. has allowed Delgado to take her passion to new heights, like many of those involved with Good Inc. and The Blog Bloc, she has not made her hobby her career. Both Jackson-Henderson and Thompson acknowledge that the road to entrepreneurship is paved with ups, downs and uncertainty — and isn’t for everyone.
Kachet Jackson-Henderson is the founder of The Blog Bloc. (Photo: Kai Skye Photography)
“The ebbs and flows of contracts happen … It isn’t super easy,” Jackson-Henderson says of owning her own business. “I’m more tired doing my own thing than I was when I was working for a company because I’m always working, but it’s a different kind of tired, and if I’m overworked, it’s my fault for not prioritizing. That was our topic for The Blog Bloc in November — we had a session about planning time efficiently.”
Entrepreneurship may not be the path all members of The Blog Bloc or Good Inc. take, but the skills they offer and the collaboration they facilitate may provide participants with valuable resources that help grow Sacramento’s creative class — both for hobbyists and entrepreneurs. Ultimately, many participants say they are searching for community, and in Sacramento, you don’t have to look far beyond Instagram to find one in real life.
For instance, Creative Mornings holds a morning speaker series once a month so people can learn from one another and from the featured speaker over coffee. Creativity+ offers a monthly speakers series as well, in addition to “Braintrust” groups that come together to find creative solutions for local issues, and “Showcase” opportunities for local creatives. FemWINism’s priority is supporting and showcasing women artists, entrepreneurs and leaders.
As Sacramento’s creative economy grows, so too will its creative communities, say those working in this space. The niche each one fills may only differ slightly or they may be specifically tailored, but ultimately, it’s about the creation of something bigger than the individual entrepreneur — they’re forming an infrastructure for Sacramento that aligns with the future of work.
Please type the numbers into the box below: * 218443493 »
Courtney McKinney
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In Thesi Deliverances
A Working Bibliography on In Thesi Deliverances
In Presbyterian Church in America on 27/06/2012 at 15:25
Following some recent discussion on this topic, I thought a bibliography might be helpful.
[The entries below with added comments were taken from David Coffin’s bibliography on ecclesiastical judicial procedures, in particular, the section, ‘On the Powers of the Assembly in Judicial Cases and the Doctrine of Stare Decisis’]
• Adger, John B., “Deliverances of Church Courts,” Southern Presbyterian Review, 31.3 (July 1880): 535-603.
• Chapell, Bryan, Note 1 of “PRJC Letter Regarding Women in Combat”. [accessed here, on 27 June 2012 : http://www.pcamna.org/chaplainministries/PRJCWomen2004.pdf ]
• Cunningham, William, “Church Power,” being Chapter IX (pp. 235-256) in Discussions on Church Principles. Edinburgh: T. & T. Clark, 1863. Reprinted, Edmonton, AB: Still Waters Revival Books, 1991. See particularly pages 245-246.
• Gordon, E. C. (Edward Clifford, 1842-1922), “Laws and Deliverances In Thesi,” The Union Seminary Review, 31.2 (January 1920): 175-183.
• Hodge, J. Aspinwall. What is Presbyterian Law as Defined by the Church Courts? Philadelphia: Presbyterian Board of Publication, 1884, p. 271.
Can the Assembly answer questions in “thesi”? It does not appear that the constitution ever designed that the General Assembly should ever take up abstract cases and decide on them, especially when the object appears to be to bring these decisions to bear on particular individuals no judicially before the Assembly.” [citing Presbyterian Digest, p. 279.] What authority have the decisions of the Assembly? Even its recommendations are of authority, coming as they do from a body representing the whole Church. Its recommendations concerning the Boards are obligatory. Its replies to overtures are authoritative interpretations of the constitution. Its testimony on doctrine and morality is the Church’s declaration of the meaning of the “Confession of Faith,” and its application. And its judicial decisions are final and obligatory in all similar cases.” No later Assembly can reverse its judicial acts or revise its proceedings. A manifest error may be corrected. [citing Presbyterian Digest. p. 689.] (Emphasis added.)
• Leslie, J.D. Presbyterian Law and Procedure in the Presbyterian Church in the United States. Richmond, VA: Presbyterian Committee of Publication, 1930, pp. 182-185, 188.
Deliverances and General Assembly decisions. Two forms of decisions: 1. The General Assembly sits as a deliberative body which is legislative. 2. The General Assembly frequently sits as a court, in the trial of judicial cases…. 1. The deliverance that is of the highest authority is that of a decision in a judicial case, the case having come up by appeal or complaint from the lower court. The General Assembly sits as the supreme court of Jesus Christ, and its decision is final. It determines and concludes a particular case. (see also paragraph 418.) The Assembly in 1879 made a deliverance stating that the deliverances of 1865, 1869 and 1877 on the subject of worldly amusements are not to be accepted and enforced as law by judicial process upon the following grounds:
(1) That these deliverances do not require judicial prosecution expressly, and could not require it without violating the spirit of our law.
(2) that none of these deliverances were made by the Assembly in a strictly judicial capacity, but were all deliverances in thesi, and therefore can be considered as only didactic, advisory and monitory. [p. 183; Note that this phrase, “didactic, advisory and monitory” applies only to in thesi statements, not judicial decisions.”]”
(3) That the Assembly has no power to issue orders to institute process except according to the provisions of the Rules of Discipline found in the Book of Church Order (revised 1925).” (A.D. 1910; M.G.A. 1879, p. 23.)….
Force of in thesi deliverance. A judicial sentence cannot be set aside by an in thesi deliverance. While it is competent for one General Assembly, under the rules provided by the constitution, to grant a new hearing to a case which has been judicially decided by a previous Assembly, a deliverance by the Assembly could not modify or set aside the judicial sentence. (A.D. 1922, p. 166, 167; M.G.A. 1879, p. 57.) (Also see par. 416.) [p. 185]…. Original jurisdiction in judicial cases. The General Assembly has no original jurisdiction in matters of discipline; but when a judicial case comes before the Assembly, by appeal or complaint, it has the power to declare the law in this particular case. This judicial interpretation of the law is the interpretation in connection with a given case. This decision becomes the law of the Church in cases similar to this given case. Decisions of this kind are not to be construed as in thesi deliverances, but are of biding authority. These decisions have been made after the matter has been discussed in two or more courts and after everything connected with it has been discussed freely, not only in the lower court but also in the Assembly. [p. 188]. (Emphasis added.)
• Mullally, Francis, “The Church’s Power to Make Declarations,” The Presbyterian Quarterly, 9.1 (October 1895): 571-583.
• Patton, Francis L. The Revision of the Confession of Faith, read before the Presbyterian Social Union, New York, December 2, 1889, p. 6 [reprinted from The Independent].
There is no doubt that there is an area of tolerated divergence from the Confession of Faith. How large that area is will depend upon the degree of readiness there may be in the Church to move the ecclesiastical courts, and upon the decisions reached in the court of last resort. Historical students may tell us what the Church has thought upon the subject, and dogmatic theologians may tell us what the Church ought to think; but it is only as the General Assembly decides concrete cases in appellate jurisdiction, and the principle of stare decisis may be supposed to govern subsequent deliverances, that the area of tolerated divergence can be defined. (Emphasis added)
• Peck, Thomas E. “The Action of the Assembly of 1879 on Worldly Amusements, or the Powers of Our Several Church Courts.” Southern Presbyterian Review 31.2 (April 1880): 218-243. Reprinted in Miscellanies of Rev. Thomas E. Peck. Edited by T.C. Johnson. Richmond, VA: The Presbyterian Committee of Publication, 1895, II.331-360.
Review of the action of the Assembly in 1879, cited by Leslie supra, provides the occasion for a masterful discussion of the nature and authority of Assembly in thesis statements, as contrasted with the authority of Assembly judicial decisions, the constitution, and the lower courts, by one of the main theorists and chief authorities on Presbyterian polity and procedure for the Southern Church. Argues Peck:
“The principle here involved is one of immense importance. It lies at the root of all the struggles between the advocates of a constitutional government and the advocates of an `absolutism.’ The forms of constitutional government and of absolutism, both in church and in state, have varied indefinitely; but the essence of the struggle has always been the same. Abstracted from its accidental forms, the question has always been, whether the power of the whole is over every part, or only over the power of the part….” [335-336.]
“[W]e must repeat the `state of the question’ once more: Does the same force belong to the deliverances in thesi of the higher courts as to their judicial decisions? Do the two classes of decisions regulate and determine the administration of discipline in the same way and to the same extent? Or, to express the same thing in other words, does the interpretation of a law by an appellate court—the interpretation being given in thesis—bind a court of original jurisdiction in such as sense as to deprive it of its power of judgment as to the meaning of said law, and compel it to accept and act upon the interpretation of the appellate court as the law of the Church? … The General Assembly of 1879 answers it clearly and unanimously in the negative; and, we think, truly and righteously….” [pp. 337-338.]
“We confess to a great astonishment that brethren should insist that deliverances in thesi have the same force and judicial decisions. The two classes of acts are reached by processes wholly different. A deliverance in thesi may concern a subject which has never been before the church or any of its courts; may be `sprung’ upon the Assembly by some ardent and eloquent member, and be carried by his personal influence and eloquence. A judicial decision by that court necessarily implies discussion in a least two of the lower courts-in a cause originating in the session it is implied that the matter has been discussed in three—before it is called to decide. The cause is represented on both sides by counsel, who are fully heard; and the members of the court next below are heard, etc., etc.; all circumstances which give assurance that the matter has been fully discussed by those most competent to do it. Further, the deliverance in thesi is apt to be sweeping and general. The judicial decision is upon a case, is interpreted by it, and is applicable only to similar cases. The responsibility in delivering a judgment in a judicial case will be more sensibly felt by the members of the court, because they are not only interpreting the law, but are judging a brother, and are determining his ecclesiastical status….” [pp. 344-345.]
“[I]f the idea of the unity of the church is to be realized on any larger scale than that of a single coetus fidelium, there must be appellate jurisdiction, and a power given to some higher court to `decide’ all controversies. This is the reason why a `judicial decision’ of the General Assembly becomes law and continues to be law until a contrary decision is rendered by the same court-law, in the sense of a regulator of the exercise of discipline in the courts below…. [T]he courts of original jurisdiction have the right to interpret the law for themselves, until a judicial decision of the highest court shall decide the matter.” [p. 346, 348.] (Emphasis added)
[Note : Peck’s article, soon published in The Southern Presbyterian Review, initiated a long-running discussion which appeared on the pages of The Christian Observer in 1880 :
◊ “The Assembly and Worldly Amusements,” by Rev. James Stacy [1830-1912], The Christian Observer, 59.5 (4 February 1880): 2, columns 5-6.
◊ “Power of the Assembly to Restrain Worldly Frivolity,” by the editor [either Rev. F. Bartlett Converse or Rev. Thomas E. Converse], The Christian Observer, 59.5 (4 February 1880): 4, columns 1-3.
◊ “The Assembly and Its Deliverances,” by Rev. James Stacy, The Christian Observer, 59.8 (25 February 1880): 7, columns 1-3.
◊ “Deliverances “In Thesi” of the Assembly,” by Rev. D.W. Shanks [David William, 1830-1894], The Christian Observer, 59.9 (3 March 1880): 7, columns 1-3.
◊ “The General Assembly: Its Deliverances and Modern Dance,” by Rev. E.C. Gordon, The Christian Observer, 59.11 (17 March 1880): 1, columns 4-5.
◊ “‘In Thesi’ Deliverances of the Assembly,” The Christian Observer 59.22 (2 June 1880): 5, columns 1-6.
◊ “The Power of the Assembly,” The Christian Observer, 59.23 (9 June 1880): 2, columns 1-6 and 3, columns 1-3.
◊ “What Did the Assembly Decide About Dancing?,” The Christian Observer, 59.25 (23 June 1880): 4, columns 3-4.
◊ “The Great Debate and the Deliverance of 1880,” by “Knox,” The Christian Observer, 59.27 (7 July 1880): 4, column 6 – 5, column 1.
◊ “Action of the Assembly: An Open Letter from Dr. Girardeau,” The Christian Observer, 59.30 (28 July 1880): 2, columns 4-6.
• Presbyterian Church, United States of America. “The Plan of Union, Synods of New York and Philadelphia.” Minutes of the Synod of New York and Philadelphia. 1758, p. 3; reprinted in Minutes of the Presbyterian Church in America 1706-1788. Edited by Guy S. Klett. Philadelphia, PA: Presbyterian Historical Society, 1976, p. 341.
II. That when any Matter is determined by a Major Vote, every Member] Shall either actively concur with, or passively Submit to Such Deter[min]ation; or, if his Conscience permit him to do neither, he Shall, [after] Sufficient Liberty modestly to reason and remonstrate, peaceab[ly withdraw from our Communion, without attempting to make any Sc[hism:] provided always, that this Shall be understood to extend only to [Such] Determinations, as the Body Shall Judge indispensable in Doct[rine] or Presbyterian Gover[n]ment.
III. That any member, or Members, for the Exoneration of his, or t[heir] Conscience before God, have a Right to protest against any A[ct, or] Procedure of our highest Judicature, because there is no [fur]ther [App]eal to another for Redress, and to require that Such Prote[st]ation [be] recorded in their Minutes…. And it is agreed, that Protestations ar[e only to be entered] against the publick Acts, Judgments, or Determina[tions of the Judica]ture, with which the Protester’s Conscience is offe[nded.]
• Presbytery of Michigan and Ontario (OPC), “Recommendations for Presbyters Regarding in thesi Statements of GA and Examining Candidates” [accessed here, on 27 June 2012 : http://www.pmocc.org/Presbyters/H603_2007-05-19_Response_to_the_Letters_of_C-O-L_and_Marsh_Draft.pdf ]
• Ramsay, F.P. An Exposition of the Form of Government and the Rules of Discipline of the Presbyterian Church in the United States. Richmond: Presbyterian Committee of Publication, 1898, pp. 112-113.
This is a power peculiar to the Assembly; for, while the other courts decide in the sense of rendering a judgment, that judgment, if controverted, is not the DECISION of the controversy; but the Assembly’s judgment is the judgment of the Church, and is, therefore, the end of the controversy. When, then, the Assembly has decided, is that a prohibition of further discussion? By no means. But the Assembly’s decision in a controversy respecting doctrine is thenceforth the doctrine of the Church; and further opposition to this doctrine is opposition to the doctrine of the Church, and is permissible only within the limitations within which opposition to the doctrine of the Church is permissible. And the decision of the Assembly in a controversy respecting discipline fixes the status of the parties affected, and they are to be treated accordingly in their ecclesiastical relations by all who prefer to remain in this Church and free from its censure. (Emphasis added)
• Taylor, L. Roy, “Status of in thesi Statements,” [accessed here, on 27 June 2012 : http://www.pcahistory.org/bco/articles/Taylor-inthesi.pdf ]
• Thompson, Ernest Trice, Presbyterians in the South. Richmond, VA: John Knox Press, 1973. Volume II : 1861-1890, pages 392-400.
• Willborn, C.N., “The ‘Ministerial and Declarative’ Powers of the Church and In Thesi Deliverances,” The Confessional Presbyterian, Vol. I (2005): 94-101.
Wayne: you all have omitted the most important and the oldest en thesi statement in the history of the Christian church. It is found in the Bible at Acts 15:1-29.
Vaughn Edward Hathaway Jr 1 July 2012 at 8pm
« Before Just in Time for GA : Index to PCA Minutes 14/06/2012
AfterActions of the 40th PCA General Assembly 09/07/2012 »
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Ana Berman
Israel Securities Authority Publishes Final Recommendations on Crypto Regulation
Israeli securities regulators published their final recommendations for crypto regulation, offering to create a platform for trading cryptocurrencies.
The Israeli securities watchdog has issued a report on crypto regulations, providing recommendations for a legal framework for the crypto industry
The Israel Securities Authority (ISA) has published its final report on cryptocurrency regulations, local financial newspaper Globes reports Thursday, March 7.
A special committee formed in 2017 to develop proper regulations for cryptocurrencies has presented its report to ISA chairperson Anat Guetta. Commenting on the recommendations, Guetta said that they were designed both to develop the crypto sector and protect the rights of investors. She further added that the technology is “here to stay” despite the fact that excitement in the industry has cooled.
The ISA recommends imposing disclosure requirements for crypto offerings that qualify as securities and states that such offerings should be controlled in a similar manner to crowdfunding.
The final ISA report puts forth several main ideas for how to support the crypto industry in the country including the establishment of regulatory sandbox and the creation of a special platform to trade cryptocurrencies under enhanced regulation. The ISA is quoted by Globes:
"The committee recommends considering adjustment of the existing regulation to create more suitable regulatory infrastructure for this trading activity in order to better cope with the risks incurred in this activity."
According to Reuters, the number of companies and the amount of money raised in Tel Aviv has fallen over the past decade, which is why the ISA is seeking to attract new investors and boost initial public offerings (IPOs).
The exact time frame for the implementation of these guidelines has not yet been set.
As Cointelegraph previously reported, Israel considered launching its own digital currency in 2017. However, in November 2018, a study group exploring the possibility of an “e-shekel” said that the country’s central bank should not issue its own digital currency.
In late 2018, a team that included representatives from the Bank of Israel issued a formal request for information about distributed ledger technology (DLT). According to the paper, the group believed that DLT could help renew and strengthen cooperation and coordination between regulators and the public.
#Bitcoin Regulations News
#Cryptocurrency Exchange
Try Etoro
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The Most Expensive City In SA – Jhb vs CT vs Dbn
Author: Jason Snyman
We took a look at global Cost of Living directories going into 2019 to see where South Africa's big cities ranked. Which city is the most affordable, where do people earn the best salaries, and which will cost an arm, a leg and a little of your soul to live in?
Last month, both data group Numbeo and expat portal Expatistan published their Cost of Living directories for 2019. The reports revealed the cheapest and the most expensive cities to live in, across the entire globe.
The indices compare the cost of living in several categories – such as rent, transport, food and entertainment – in cities across the world, relative to a reference city – which was New York for Numbeo and Prague for Expatistan. Both of these reference cities have an index score of 100%.
It then takes the local purchasing power into consideration. Say, for instance, another city has a rent index of 50%. This means that, on average, the rent in this specific city is 50% more affordable than New York or Prague. If the rent index for another city is 150% - that means that the rent in that city is 50% more expensive than New York or Prague.
Pretty basic.
Expatistan’s index takes a look at 327 cities, from Bermuda to Argentina. Numbeo’s index takes a look at 433 cities. This allows us to make some pretty interesting comparisons in cities, all across the world. For instance, the cost of living in Hong Kong is about the same as in London. Living in Madrid will cost you almost 94% more than living in Buenos Aires.
When we look at Numbeo’s index, we find that Swiss cities, from Basel to Zurich to Lugano, rank among the most expensive in the world – almost 30% more than New York – while cities in India rank among the cheapest. This trend also shows up on the Expatistan index.
But anyway, enough about the rest of the world, let’s get to what everybody came here for.
Where Do South African Cities Rank?
Overall, South African cities rank around the middle when compared to the rest of the globe. In both the Numbeo and Expatistan indices, Pretoria ranked as the most expensive city in the country – comparable to Sao Paulo, Athens or Beijing.
Johannesburg ranked second, followed by Cape Town. Port Elizabeth and Durban ranked fourth and fifth on Numbeo, and fifth and fourth on Expatistan, respectively.
This may come as a surprise to many who have lived in both the Western Cape and Gauteng, who know that rent in Cape Town – and the rest of the Western Cape province in general – is ridiculously inflated.
Of course, there’s a lot more to it than that, and it may be a matter of whether or not you’re actually getting what you’re paying for. We have to look at specific data, such as the cost of transport, utilities, rent and entertainment – as well as how much money the people in these cities actually earn.
The table below, provided by Business Tech, gives us the average figure across the five cities mentioned.
As we can see, the citizens of Johannesburg, on average, earn higher salaries and pay less for transport. This allows them to deal with a slightly higher rental and utilities rate.
Capetonians earn the second highest salary, but almost two thirds of it goes to the exorbitant, disgusting extortion they call rent. The saving grace here is that utilities are a little cheaper and transport costs are next to nothing. Now, anybody who has ever had to put up with the N1 highway from the Northern Suburbs will immediately call shenanigans here, with their R4000 p/m petrol bill, but it has to be assumed that these figures relate to the affordable MyCiti bus routes that run around the city bowl.
Pretoria’s citizens earn a fair enough salary, the third highest, and rental is relatively affordable. The big burden here comes in the form of transport and utilities costs, which such the money right out of these unfortunate people.
Pretoria ranked 199th and 260th among the most expensive cities in the world, on the Expatistan and Nembeo indices, respectively.
Port Elizabeth citizens earn the lowest salary, but rent, transport and entertainment are practically for free. Living in PE is comparable to living in Iraq, Russia (don’t get excited, it’s just Saint Petersburg), Colombia, Bolivia or Nigeria.
So. There are your prospects.
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Aid-in-dying advocate whose best friend attempted suicide after a long struggle with cancer.
"I vowed to my best friend Doris that I would take up the work of ensuring that no one ever had to endure what she had, in her simple wish to go to her final rest."
My bright and sunny friend Doris was diagnosed with advanced stage ovarian cancer in 2010. We had been best friends for more than 30 years, and over the intervening years, shared much as best friends do: the death of parents, the birth of children and grandchildren, and always, always, lots of laughs.
Despite vigilant self-care and punctilious lab work performed twice yearly because of her family history of ovarian cancer, less than six months after a perfectly normal cancer antigen blood test Doris was diagnosed with ovarian cancer. Over the ensuing six months, Doris underwent major surgery, two courses of debilitating chemo and radiation.
Not long after recovering from the chemo, while on a walk Doris was struck by a drunk driver. Doris suffered critical, near fatal injuries. After nearly three months in the hospital, she returned home. Hers was now a life filled with even more pain, disability and exhaustion, but she soldiered on.
It was during this time, still wracked with excruciating pain from her traumatic injuries, that her cancer returned. Doris’s remarkable energy and strong will began to flag. She privately confessed to me that she was exhausted – she had witnessed her two sisters die of ovarian cancer – and knew she was destined to lose this battle. Encouraged by loved ones, however, she agreed to one more round of treatment.
After suffering through the treatments again, and beating the cancer back for a time, it came roaring back in a matter of three months. This time, Doris declared she would take no further treatment, but rather, she determined to enjoy whatever time she had left with family and friends, opting solely for palliative care.
Gradually, Doris became so weak and sick that she couldn’t keep up the facade of hope and strength any longer. She longed for it to be over and simply wanted to rest.
On a hot, early July morning, Doris swallowed all of the painkillers, sleeping pills, and tranquilizers she had stockpiled for weeks. Leaving a letter of apology containing words of love and a pathetic plea for understanding, along with her copy of the advanced directive, she laid back down in her bed, to peacefully leave this world on her own terms.
Doris’ boyfriend arrived home and found her comatose, and near death. He had her rushed to the hospital and Doris was placed on life support immediately, despite her daughter Stacie’s producing the advanced directive stipulating that no life support was to be employed in keeping her mother alive.
That was the beginning of a six-day nightmare, during which Stacie repeatedly showed the legal document to the medical team and was repeatedly overridden in her demand to have the vent removed. No one at the hospital would listen.
I came to realize the doctor treating Doris was not even familiar with her medical history. Fighting to control my mounting anger, I suggested that the doctor acquaint himself with Doris’s history immediately, starting with the terminal cancer diagnosis, the failed chemo treatments, the horrible car accident, the surgeries, the repeated returns of the cancer, and finally, her failed attempt to end her life. I demanded that he phone his patient’s daughter and legal representative and review the advanced directive. Finally, Doris’ wishes would be honored – after days of unwanted life support, she was removed from the ventilator and allowed to die.
I vowed to Doris, in my heart, that I would take up the work of ensuring that no one ever had to endure what she had, in her simple wish to go to her final rest. I urge Minnesota lawmakers to listen to your constituents and grant terminally ill Minnesota residents the compassionate option of medical aid in dying.
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Aug 9 Settlement of Ashley Madison Data Breach U.S. Class Action Lawsuits
On July 21, 2017, a U.S. District Court granted preliminary approval of a proposed settlement of a consolidated class action lawsuit relating to the 2015 Ashley Madison data breach.
In 2015, the Ashley Madison discreet affair website operated by Ruby Corp. (previously known as Avid Life Media) (“Ruby”) was subject to a cyber-attack by hackers who published the details (including sensitive personal information) of approximately 36 million Ashley Madison user accounts. The data breach resulted in a joint investigation by the Canadian and Australian Privacy Commissioners, lawsuits by the United States Federal Trade Commission (“FTC”) and a number of U.S. states, and class action lawsuits in Canada and the United States.
In August 2016, the Privacy Commissioners issued a joint report setting out findings that Ruby had committed numerous breaches of the Canadian Personal Information Protection and Electronic Documents Act and the Australian Privacy Act, and announced that Ruby had entered into settlement agreements with the Privacy Commissioners. In December 2016, the FTC announced that Ruby had agreed to settle the FTC and state lawsuits by making a $1.6 million settlement payment and agreeing to a stipulated order that required Ruby to establish, implement and maintain a comprehensive, fully documented information security program, including appropriate administrative, technical and physical safeguards reasonably designed to protect the security, confidentiality and integrity of personal information held by Ruby. (More information about the Privacy Commissioners’ investigation and the FTC lawsuit is available here).
Settlement of U.S. Class Action Lawsuit
The U.S. consolidated class action lawsuit resulted from multiple putative class action lawsuits against Ruby and its former chief executive officer relating to alleged inadequate data security practices and alleged misrepresentations about the Ashley Madison website.
The proposed settlement applies to all United States residents who used the Ashley Madison website before the announcement of the data breach, unless they elect to opt-out of the settlement. The settlement requires the defendants to pay $11.2 million into a settlement fund to be distributed to settlement class members after deductions of settlement administration costs and court-approved lawyers’ fees and costs. Each settlement class member may claim a maximum of $3,500, comprised of compensation for demonstrated unreimbursed losses (to a maximum of $3,000) and for the public release of the class member’s personal information (to a maximum of $500). Any remaining settlement funds will be donated to approved charities.
The settlement does not impose any data security obligations on Ruby. Nevertheless, the settlement notes that, after the data breach was announced and as a result of the lawsuits, Ruby had implemented numerous remedial measures to enhance the security of customer data. The settlement also references Ruby’s settlement with the FTC, which requires Ruby to implement a comprehensive data security program for the benefit of its customers.
The settlement confirms that the class plaintiffs’ lawyers intend to apply for court approval of legal fees in an amount to not exceed one third of the $11.2 million settlement fund and reimbursement of reasonable costs and expenses.
The settlement expressly provides that the defendants deny any wrongdoing or liability. The settlement is subject to final court approval.
Canadian Class Action lawsuits
Ruby’s Canadian customers commenced Canadian class action lawsuits relating to the Ashley Madison data breach. The settlement of the U.S. consolidated class action lawsuit does not apply to Canadian customers. The Canadian class action lawsuits remain unresolved.
lawsuit, cyberattack, personal information, privacy, personal data
Aug 10 Less is More – Data Minimization and Cyber Risk Management
Jul 18 Ontario Energy Board Issues Cybersecurity Staff Report and White Paper
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Jun 21 Privacy Breach Response – Prevention of Future Breaches
privacy, cyber risk management
Canadian privacy commissioners have emphasized the importance of the final step of a privacy breach response process — prevention and lessons learned. The recent decision by the British Columbia Court of Appeal in Ari v. Insurance Corporation of British Columbia confirms that an organization’s failure to learn from past privacy breaches and prevent future privacy breaches might justify an award of punitive damages.
Breach Response – a Multi-Step Process
Canadian privacy commissioners have issued guidance for a multi-step process for responding to a privacy breach. The recommended steps are: (1) containment; (2) risk evaluation; (3) notification/reporting; and (4) prevention of future breaches/monitoring. See Tips for containing and reducing the risks of a privacy breach, Privacy Breaches: Tools and Resources, Key Steps in Responding to Privacy Breaches, and What to do in case of loss or theft of personal information.
The recommended incident response process generally aligns with cybersecurity best practices and guidance issued by other regulators, including the Computer Security Incident Handling Guide issued by the United States National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) and the Investment Industry Association of Canada’s Cyber Incident Management Planning Guide.
With respect to the prevention of future breaches, Tips for containing and reducing the risks of a privacy breach explains:
“Once the immediate steps are taken to mitigate the risks associated with the breach, organizations need to take the time to investigate the cause of the breach and consider whether to develop a prevention plan. The level of effort should reflect the significance of the breach and whether it was a systemic breach or an isolated instance. This plan may include … a security audit of both physical and technical security … a review of policies and procedures and any changes to reflect the lessons learned from the investigation and regularly after that … a review of employee training practices … and a review of service delivery partners …”.
The Office of the Privacy Commissioner of Canada has observed that the final breach response step “may tend to get short-shrift”, and incidents that appear to be one-off events might not get sufficient attention to identify underlying systemic problems. Similarly, the NIST Computer Security Incident Handling Guide notes: “One of the most important parts of incident response is also the most often omitted: learning and improving”.
Punitive Damages Possible for Failure to Prevent Future Privacy Breaches
The British Columbia Court of Appeal decision in Ari v. Insurance Corporation of British Columbia involved a proposed class action against the Insurance Corporation of British Columbia (ICBC) for the statutory tort of violation of privacy. An ICBC employee allegedly accessed the information of 78 ICBC customers and provided it to a criminal organization. After the privacy breach was discovered, ICBC cooperated with police and enhanced its security protocols. The chambers judge certified the class proceeding but declined to certify the issue of punitive damages. The chambers judge focused on ICBC’s laudable conduct after the breach was discovered and held that there was no basis in fact for any finding that ICBC’s conduct justified an award of punitive damages. On appeal by the plaintiff, the Court of Appeal held that the chambers judge had erred by refusing to certify the issue of punitive damages. The Court of Appeal stated:
“Rather than consider the past history of breaches of privacy by ICBC employees — the evidence supported that at least 7 employees have been terminated by ICBC between 2008 and 2011 for privacy breaches – the chambers judge considered the steps taken since the breach in this case was discovered. While laudable on ICBC’s part, subsequent conduct is not the sole basis upon which punitive damages are determined. The chambers judge should have accepted as true the allegation that ICBC has a history of employees breaching private information.”
The Court of Appeal concluded that the history of privacy breaches by ICBC’s employees constituted a sufficient basis in fact for certifying the punitive damages issue as a common issue for the class proceeding.
The decision in Ari v. Insurance Corporation of British Columbia is an important reminder for organizations to ensure that their incident response procedures include a post-incident assessment and implementation of appropriate preventative measures and monitoring. For more information, see BLG bulletins Data Security Incident Response Plans – Some Practical Suggestions, and Cyber Incident Response Plans – Test, Train and Exercise.
Organizations should also consider implementing a legal privilege strategy to help avoid inadvertent and unnecessary disclosures of privileged legal advice given during a post-incident assessment. For more information, see BLG bulletins Cyber Risk Management – Legal Privilege Strategy – Part 1, Cyber Risk Management – Legal Privilege Strategy – Part 2, Legal Privilege for Data Security Incident Investigation Reports, and Loss of Legal Privilege over Cyberattack Investigation Report.
cyber risk management, cybersecurity, incident response plan, privacy
Jul 8 Cybersecurity Guidance for Small and Medium Organizations
Mar 12 Investment Funds Institute of Canada Issues Cybersecurity Guide
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China-Europe Relations
Europe and China were perhaps the most important "third actors" in the Cold War system. As territorial entities and political and economic actors located at the crossroads of the mutual spheres of action of the two superpowers, they played a key role in the evolution and reshaping of the bipolar system. This comprehensive collection charts China's relations with Europe, and as it moved from East to West throughout the course of the Cold War. For collections focused on China's relations with Eastern and Western Europe, see, respectively, China-Eastern Europe Relations and China-Western Europe Relations.
Conversation between Federal Chancellor Schmidt and the Chairman of the Central Committee and the Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party, Mao Zedong, in Beijing
Federal Chancellor Schmidt and Mao Zedong discuss the potential for attack by the Soviet Union and European security.
Conversation between Federal Chancellor Schmidt and Chinese Deputy Prime Minister Deng Xiaoping in Beijing
Schmidt and Deng Xiaoping discuss Soviet nuclear capabilities and threats to other countries. Deng Xiaoping expresses his desire to continue these conversations.
Analysis of China's Foreign Policy by the Czechoslovak Embassy in Beijing
This document examines Chinese attempts to foster Western European integration as a counterbalance to the US. Also discussed is the relationship between NATO countries and China and its impact on Soviet-Sino relations, military cooperation between China and Western Europe, and the relations between China and West Germany.
Conversation between Foreign Minister Genscher and Chinese Ambassador Wang Shu
A conversation between West German Foreign Minister Genscher and Chinese Ambassador Wang Shu about European security and developments in Africa. The Foreign Minister expresses interest in a visit to Germany by the Chinese Foreign Minister.
Cable from Ambassador Wickert to the Foreign Office, 'Benefits of Relationship with China for the Alliance'
West German Ambassador Wickert reports to the Foreign Office about Chinese foreign policy following Mao Zedong's death.
East German Report on the Ninth Interkit Meeting in Berlin, June 1977
This report was issued after the ninth Interkit meeting in East Berlin, which featured an official Cuban delegation. The document addresses the Chinese question after the death of Mao Zedong. According to this report, the internal disputes inside the Chinese Communist Party persist under the leadership of Deng Xiaoping. The economic problems that China faces are still unresolved. In its foreign relations, China is staying the course by maintaining relations with Western countries, especially with the US. These relations are considered to be detrimental to international détente and directed against the interests of the Soviet Union and the Socialist countries.
East German Report, 'China after Mao Zedong'
This study gives an account on the domestic and foreign policies of China after the death of Mao Zedong. The first part of the document is dedicated to the domestic policies of the Chinese government. It analyzes the ideological backgrounds of the new leadership as well as the economic situation, while emphasizing unsolved problems in industry and agriculture. A closer look at Beijing's defense spending leads the authors to the conclusion that China is enhancing its military potential and preparing for war.
Conspect of Conversations with V. I. Potapov, Chief of Romanian Sector of CPSU CC Section
V.I Potapov informs about a visit to Bucharest of the CPSU delegation led by A. A. Gromyko and the discussions regarding the “Bessarabian question,” criticism of the CPSU regarding RSR’s relations with the USA and NATO and independent relations with China, RSR’s distancing from the Soviet Union and the other socialist countries in terms of foreign policy.
East German Report on the Tenth Interkit Meeting in Havana, December 1978
This report, issued after the tenth Interkit meeting in Havana, addresses China's domestic and foreign policies. China is said to be obstructing the process of international détente by developing relations with NATO and West Germany. The report condemns the Chinese interference in Romanian, Yugoslavian and Korean politics. The authors believe that China is trying to divide the Socialist countries into two opposing groups. The newly intensified Chinese-US relations are criticized, as is China's policy of allowing more Western influence to shape its domestic policies and economic strategies.
Information regarding the Visit of the Study Group of the CC PUWP in China
Talks about the development of trade and economy in Poland, and the need to develop Chinese relations with Poland, which can be done by developing the Chinese language more in Poland.
Annex A/4: Relations between the PCI and the CCP
An invite to the Chinese to continue the development of bilateral relations on the basis of a spirit of mutual respect but with a stronger frequency of meetings and exchanges. It also contains a note of July 30, 1979 and July 31, 1979, where the representatives of the Italian Communist Party respond to the speech given by Feng Xuan and Li Yimang.
Antonio Rubbi, 'Note Reserved for Comrade Berlinguer'
In this note to Enrico Berlinguer dated September 26, 1979, Antonio Rubbi delivers a report on his meeting on September 25, 1979, with the Chinese chargé d’affaires and cultural attaché. The topics discussed included the visit of two Italian journalists to China, the invitation to the FGCI to visit China and the upcoming 30th anniversary of the People’s Republic of China.
Antonio Rubbi, 'Note for Comrade Berlinguer'
A cover letter dated March 21, 1980, from Antonio Rubbi relaying the notes of a PCI delegation to Beijing from March 11 to 13, 1980
Developments in the Situation in Italy and the PCI's Policy
Bullet points of the Italian Communists presentation to the Chinese given on March 11, 1980, on the internal and international situation.
Notes from the Meeting with Feng Xuan, Member of the Central Committee and Deputy Minister of the International Liaison Department of the CC (Peking, 3 November 1980)
On March 11, 1980, Feng introduces the internal situation of the CCP and the reason for the anticipation of the XII Congress, the return of the Secretariat with Hu Yaobang in it, and the rehabilitation of Liu Shaoqi.
The People's Republic of China from the Third Plenary Session (18-22 December 1978) to the Fourth Plenary Session (25-28 September 1979) of the Central Committee (XI) of the CCP
This document drafted by the Ambassador Francisci in Beijing on April 11th was received by the PCI on April 14th 1980. It, is an account of the 3rd Plenary Session of the 11th Central Committee of the CCP (December 18-22, 1978), the 2nd Plenary Session of the 5th People’s National Assembly (June 18-July 1, 1979) and of the National Assembly of the 5th People’s National Assembly (June 15-July 2, 1979) and 4th Plenary Session of the 11th Central Committee of the CCP (September 25-28, 1979). In the conclusion the Ambassador Francisci drafts an interesting analysis of the anti-Dengist and pro-Dengist social groups within China.
This document drafted by the Ambassador Francisci in Beijing on April 11th was received by the PCI on April 14, 1980. It is an account of the 3rd Plenary Session of the 11th Central Committee of the CCP (December 18-22, 1978), the 2nd Plenary Session of the 5th People’s National Assembly (June 18-July 1, 1979) and of the National Assembly of the 5th People’s National Assembly (June 15-July 2, 1979) and 4th Plenary Session of the 11th Central Committee of the CCP (September 25-28, 1979). In the conclusion the Ambassador Francisci drafts an interesting analysis of the anti-Dengist and pro-Dengist social groups within China.
Letter, Enrico Berlinguer to Hu Yaobang
This document dated May 19, 1980, is the draft version of a letter to Hu Yaobang in which Enrico Berlinguer thanks the Secretary General for the hospitality received during his visit to China.
This document dated May 19, 1980, is the final version of a letter to Hu Yaobang in which Enrico Berlinguer thanks the Secretary General of the Central Committee of the CCP for the hospitality received during his visit to China.
East German Record of a Meeting of Delegation Leaders at the Eleventh Interkit Meeting in Poland
This record of a meeting of the delegation leaders attending the 11th Interkit meeting addresses China's strategy in the area of international relations. The document expresses concern regarding Beijing's policies and calls for unity among the Communist countries. International issues discussed include Soviet-Korean relations, i.e., the Belgrade meeting between Soviet leader Leonid Brezhnev and his Korean counterpart Kim Il Sung. Conditions in Albania, Romania, and Yugoslavia, and the positions of these countries within the Communist bloc, are critically assessed. Another topic is the improvement of anti-Maoist propaganda.
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Twenty Thousand Roads: The Ballad Of Gram Parsons (2007)
From The Independent
Although Jimi Hendrix, Janis Joplin and Jim Morrison were far more famous when they died, Gram Parsons is, perhaps, the ultimate 1960s music martyr. He was unappreciated during his life, but since his overdose in a grimy motel in the middle of the Californian desert in 1973, his reputation has mushroomed. He has become a chief influence on generations of country and rock artists with his vision of a Cosmic American Music, a synthesis of country, rock, soul and R&B.
David N Meyer effectively traces Gram’s progress as the counter-culture Zelig: always present as things are going off, yet always on the edge. He hits New York and Greenwich Village during the early 1960s folk boom, flits to LA just as New York is getting boring, dates Steve McQueen’s ex-girlfriend, joins The Byrds and introduces them to country, and hits London at its Swinging Sixties height, where he teaches Keith Richards the roots of country and is present as the Stones record Exile on Main Street. Meyer describes the album, not inaccurately, as their own take on Cosmic American Music.
Meyer is clearly on a mission to establish this book as the definitive account of Gram Parsons’ 26 years. In the first 200 pages his method is simply to bludgeon the reader into submission with the sheer weight of his research and detail, undermining the thrust of the narrative in the process. No one is too trivial or too anodyne to be included. Meyer gallops across the fine line between exhaustive and exhausting: poor old Gram doesn’t get to record his first solo demo tape until page 136. (Meyer diligently records that the instrument used is a Gibson B-25 flattop six-string guitar.)
Meyer misinterprets minute detail as a passageway into the soul of his subject. Gram – or his name at least – is on every page of this book, but his essence is frequently all but absent. It’s not surprising, as a notion of a single Gram Parsons has always been difficult to nail. Partly this is down to Gram being an inveterate liar (at 16 he told his mother he’d written the Frank Sinatra standard “It Was a Very Good Year”), and partly it’s the factions warring for Gram’s soul, which Meyer memorably describes as a mix of Bitter Lieutenants (ex-bandmates and contemporaries) and “possessive necrophiliacs… Grampires”. Meyer’s modus operandi is to give all these people the opportunity to tell their story. While this succeeds in painting a multifaceted portrait of Gram, it’s also one that emphasises his self-centred fickleness, at the price of his humanity.
Meyer does, however, grant Gram a single positive emotional trait. It is, perhaps, Parsons’ strangest contradiction. Beyond the rich kid who loved poor people’s music and the wimp who played the roughest hippie-hating country dives, even as he neglected friends, bandmates and lovers, Parsons stayed true to his music vision. Why the uncharacteristic fidelity in someone whose very name was a byword for flightiness and unreliability? Frustatingly, Meyer never really explores this paradox; the closest he comes is the implicit influence of the tragedy of his family and its echoes in the story songs of country music. Although, arguably, Gram’s story is too much even for the most outrageously melodramatic country music song: his father committed suicide before Gram’s 12th Christmas, and his mother died of drink on the day of his high school graduation, her last drink supplied by his stepfather.
People are baffled by the fact that Parsons, with his voice of peerless yearning, didn’t achieve fame during his lifetime, but Meyer non-judgementally spells it out again and again: he couldn’t be bothered. Talent, like money, looks, girls and drugs came all too easily; he was rarely motivated to work on rehearsals or recordings. So, inevitably, he had to suffer the indignity of seeing others dilute his vision and forge success. Perhaps the most galling example of this for him (and certainly for Meyer) was the easy drivetime country rock of The Eagles, who became the biggest-selling act of the 1970s.
Meyer’s book, true to the spirit of Parsons, is frequently repetitive and frustrating, and lacks focus in its desire to bust myths and make overwrought claims for Parsons’ genius. Nonetheless there is much here that is surprising and new and so it is, to date, probably the closest thing we have to a definitive biography.
May 16, 2010 Posted by Jerry | Gram Parsons Twenty Thousand Roads | Gram Parsons | Leave a comment
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Jimi Hendrix Live At Woodstock (1999)
From sfloman.com
Originally released as Jimi Hendrix: Woodstock in 1994, this expanded 2-cd edition figures to be the last word on Hendrix’s famous Woodstock performance since it contains all but two songs performed that day, both of which were sung by rhythm guitarist Larry Lee. Still, though it may very well be the single greatest Hendrix live album with regards to his guitar playing, Live At Woodstock is not without its problems.
For one thing, Jimi was a highly visual artist (starting with the fact that he was left-handed but played a right-handed guitar upside down), so obviously you don’t get quite the whole effect when merely hearing him play live (but surely you’ve seen the Woodstock movie, right?). Secondly, for all his plaudits as a live musician, he was actually a pretty erratic live performer, especially in his somewhat confused last year, and this concert has its highs and lows.
The biggest problem is his backing band, consisting of Mitchell (great as always), Cox (a supporting player at best), the aforementioned Lee, and two conga players. Dubbed Gypsy Sun and Rainbows, these guys were a far cry from the original Experience. In fact, the percussionists sucked and the band hadn’t practiced enough and lacked cohesion, which engineer Eddie Kramer realized and rectified by wiping out their parts from this album, thereby presenting the new version of the Jimi Hendrix Experience as a hard-hitting power trio.
Simply put, what was heard on stage August 18, 1969 is not what is heard on this cd, and the inauthentic nature of this release is likely to offend purists, especially given the historical importance of this performance. After all, is what Kramer did here so different than what Alan Douglas was so severely criticized for doing over the years? If Kramer was willing to remove things, surely it’s possible that he added things as well, no? The whole thing makes me feel a bit uncomfortable, but with that rant out of the way let me say that what’s here sounds fantastic for the most part. Sure, some of these jams are a bit long and monotonous, his stage patter is often incomprehensible and quite goofy, and I wish that there was more material from Axis and Electric Ladyland (only one song apiece), but despite battling fatigue and less than ideal conditions (a 9 a.m. Monday morning start time), Jimi puts his heart and soul into this justifiably legendary performance. Disc one features probably my favorite rendition of “Message Of Love” (we have Mitchell instead of Miles and Jimi is on fire), plus fierce jams mark “Spanish Castle Magic” and “Lover Man.”
Again, as with Live At Winterland the band can get bogged down a bit when they try the bluesier stuff, and the improvised jam “Jam Back At The House” takes awhile to get going, but once it does boy does it ever, as does “Hear My Train A’ Comin” come to think of it. But disc one is merely a warm-up for disc two, which starts with my favorite version of “Izabella” but really gets going with a nearly 14-minute version of “Voodoo Child (Slight Return).”
Simply put, this version is jaw-dropping, mind-melting, relentlessly awe-inspiring; feel free to add your own adjectives, because guitar-based jamming simply doesn’t get any better. Next up is Jimi’s monumental shredding of the “Star Spangled Banner,” which may be his signature guitar solo (he pulls out all the stops) and which evokes that war torn era like few songs. It sounds better than ever placed within its proper context here, too, and sandwiched around a couple of short, punchy, and flat-out ass kicking early Experience classics (“Purple Haze,” “Hey Joe”) are two other “songs” that showcase Jimi’s improvisational genius, and which can’t be heard on any other release. The aptly titled “Woodstock Improvisation” is basically Jimi just strutting his stuff as arguably the greatest guitar player the rock world has ever known, while the subdued “Villanova Junction” delivers the calm after the hurricane hits.
This sequence of songs on side two is Jimi Hendrix the live musician at his absolute best, and Mitch Mitchell too on the songs where Jimi also lets him let loose. They were playing like men possessed, like they wanted to steal the entire damn festival, and though the reality of the band performance on that morning was in actuality far less than what’s presented here, that shouldn’t stop your enjoyment when listening to this album. What may curb your enjoyment somewhat is the sheer exhausting nature of these long, jam-heavy songs, which likely won’t be everybody’s cup of tea even though it is mine. Note: There are plenty of other releases that have appeared over the years, many of which have been pulled by Jimi’s estate.
The two most necessary purchases that don’t appear on this page I suppose are Live At Monterey (better seen and heard on DVD) and the 4-cd box set The Jimi Hendrix Experience, which is a real treasure trove for Hendrix fanatics. That said, most of the alternate versions on the box set don’t sound all that different, some of the live tracks were previously available (the contents of the long out of print Hendrix In The West basically appears in its entirety), and some of the recordings sound like demos that should’ve remained unreleased. In short, the songs are usually good to great but on the whole it should’ve been better.
March 15, 2013 Posted by Jerry | Jimi Hendrix Live At Woodstock | Jimi Hendrix | Leave a comment
I borrowed a video of this concert from a friend and had to replace it with this CD when he made me give it back (in a distinctly more worn condition than when he gave it to me!).
This concert also introduced me to Jimi’s post-Experience work. A life-changing moment.
Rather than reiterate much of what has already been written about this concert, I would simply like to draw attention to three particular tracks (I’m a bit surprised that no one has mentioned them yet, although I have seen references to them in reviews on other CDs):
Message To Love – this, in my opinion, must be the all-time greatest festival song ever performed! The superb riff, the pounding, driving rythm, the “come alive” refrain, the usual mind-bending guitar work. For the surviving swamp-dwellers at Woodstock, this must have been the perfect rallying cry and the most exquisite reward for their endurance and faith! To me, this song sounds totally contemporary and very reminiscent of modern blues of the garage- or basement- variety, by artists such as T Model Ford or Paul ‘Wine’ Jones (although with the benefit of having been performed by a virtuoso!).
Izabella – this was the only song that the band had fully rehearsed before the show, and is clearly one of the most orderly and structured of the entire set. IMO, it also happens to be one of the most brilliant guitar riffs ever, and is without question one of my favourite Hendrix numbers. Given that this was the only song that Jimi felt entirely happy with prior to the performance, I like to think that this song represents the essence of the musical shift that he was making by leaving The Experience and by hooking up with his old army buddy, Billy Cox (on bass).
(More significantly, I think that these two tracks reveal, unambiguously, that the shift that Jimi was making was away from the melody-based material of the JHE, and towards a much more rythm-based sound – more in keeping with Jimi’s true love, the blues.)
Hear My Train A Comin’ – I think Jimi had a deep lonely streak in him, (arising from his difficult childhood and the death of his mother while he was still only a wee lad) and that this lonliness left him with the ability to feel and communicate powerful emotions through his music. Hear My Train is a beautiful, emotion-drenched, classic blues song, that, IMO, epitomises the true genius of Jimi Hendrix and the priceless gift that he left us, ie. the combination of traditional and pyschedelic blues, with virtuoso guitar-playing, deep deep feeling, and great great soul.
February 23, 2011 Posted by Jerry | Jimi Hendrix Live At Woodstock | Jimi Hendrix | Leave a comment
Originally released as Jimi Hendrix: Woodstock in 1994, this expanded 2-cd edition figures to be the last word on Hendrix’s famous Woodstock performance since it contains all but two songs performed that day, both of which were sung by rhythm guitarist Larry Lee.
Still, though it may very well be the single greatest Hendrix live album with regards to his guitar playing, Live At Woodstock is not without its problems. For one thing, Jimi was a highly visual artist (starting with the fact that he was left-handed but played a right-handed guitar upside down), so obviously you don’t get quite the whole effect when merely hearing him play live (but surely you’ve seen the Woodstock movie, correct?). Secondly, for all his plaudits as a live musician, he was actually a pretty erratic live performer, especially in his somewhat confused last year, and this concert has its highs and lows. The biggest problem is his backing band, consisting of Mitchell (great as always), Cox (a supporting player at best), the aforementioned Lee, and two conga players.
Dubbed Gypsy Sun and Rainbows, these guys were a far cry from the original Experience. In fact, the percussionists sucked and the band hadn’t practiced enough and lacked cohesion, which engineer Eddie Kramer realized and rectified by wiping out their parts from this album, thereby presenting the new version of the Jimi Hendrix Experience as a hard-hitting power trio. Simply put, what was heard on stage August 18, 1969 is not what is heard on this cd, and the inauthentic nature of this release is likely to offend purists, especially given the historical importance of this performance. After all, is what Kramer did here so different than what Alan Douglas was so severely criticized for doing over the years? If Kramer was willing to remove things, surely it’s possible that he added things as well, no? The whole thing makes me feel a bit uncomfortable, but with that rant out of the way let me say that what’s here sounds fantastic for the most part. Sure, some of these jams are a bit long and monotonous, his stage patter is often incomprehensible and quite goofy, and I wish that there was more material from Axis and Electric Ladyland (only one song apiece), but despite battling fatigue and less than ideal conditions (a 9 a.m. Monday morning start time), Jimi puts his heart and soul into this justifiably legendary performance. Disc one features probably my favorite rendition of “Message Of Love” (we have Mitchell instead of Miles and Jimi is on fire), plus fierce jams mark “Spanish Castle Magic” and “Lover Man.” Again, as with Live At Winterland the band can get bogged down a bit when they try the bluesier stuff, and the improvised jam “Jam Back At The House” takes awhile to get going, but once it does boy does it ever, as does “Hear My Train A’ Comin” come to think of it. But disc one is merely a warm-up for disc two, which starts with my favorite version of “Izabella” but really gets going with a nearly 14-minute version of “Voodoo Child (Slight Return).” Simply put, this version is jaw-dropping, mind-melting, relentlessly awe-inspiring; feel free to add your own adjectives, because guitar-based jamming simply doesn’t get any better. Next up is Jimi’s monumental shredding of the “Star Spangled Banner,” which may be his signature guitar solo (he pulls out all the stops) and which evokes that war torn era like few songs. It sounds better than ever placed within its proper context here, too, and sandwiched around a couple of short, punchy, and flat-out ass kicking early Experience classics (“Purple Haze,” “Hey Joe”) are two other “songs” that showcase Jimi’s improvisational genius, and which can’t be heard on any other release.
The aptly titled “Woodstock Improvisation” is basically Jimi just strutting his stuff as arguably the greatest guitar player the rock world has ever known, while the subdued “Villanova Junction” delivers the calm after the hurricane hits. Simply put, this sequence of songs on side two is Jimi Hendrix the live musician at his absolute best, and Mitch Mitchell too on the songs where Jimi also lets him let loose. They were playing like men possessed, like they wanted to steal the entire damn festival, and though the reality of the band performance on that morning was in actuality far less than what’s presented here, that shouldn’t stop your enjoyment when listening to this album. What may curb your enjoyment somewhat is the sheer exhausting nature of these long, jam-heavy songs, which likely won’t be everybody’s cup of tea even though it is mine.
Note: There are plenty of other releases that have appeared over the years, many of which have been pulled by Jimi’s estate. The two most necessary purchases that don’t appear on this page I suppose are Live At Monterey (better seen and heard on DVD) and the 4-cd box set The Jimi Hendrix Experience, which is a real treasure trove for Hendrix fanatics. That said, most of the alternate versions on the box set don’t sound all that different, some of the live tracks were previously available (the contents of the long out of print Hendrix In The West basically appears in its entirety), and some of the recordings sound like demos that should’ve remained unreleased. In short, the songs are usually good to great but on the whole it should’ve been better.
May 15, 2010 Posted by Jerry | Jimi Hendrix Live At Woodstock | Jimi Hendrix | Leave a comment
Jimi Hendrix – Live At Woodstock (1999)
From Blues.about.com
Flamboyant performer and extraordinary guitarist Jimi Hendrix was one of the headliners of the three-day Woodstock Festival in August 1969, as well as the event’s highest-paid performer. Plans were for Hendrix and his new band to close out the festival on Sunday night with a bang, but bad weather and scheduling delays pushed back Hendrix’s set to early Monday morning, unexpectedly extending the Woodstock Festival by half a day.
Hendrix and his band climbed on stage to a cursory introduction, “ladies and gentlemen, the Jimi Hendrix Experience,” which the guitarist quickly corrected to “Gypsy Sun and Rainbows,” or just “Band of Gypsies.” Accompanied by Experience drummer Mitch Mitchell and his old Army buddy and early-1960s bandmate, bassist Billy Cox, Hendrix added a second guitarist in his friend Larry Lee, as well as Latin-styled percussionists Juma Sultan and Jerry Velez.
Jimi Hendrix Live At Woodstock
The core of this new six-piece band had spent weeks at a house rented by Hendrix’s management not far from Woodstock. Many believe that the addition of new players, including guitarist Lee – another chitlin’ circuit survivor like Jimi and Billy – was the guitarist’s attempt to get back to the R&B and blues music that he cut his teeth on. There is no doubt that the ‘Gypsy Sun’ line-up brought a different, and more soulful dimension to Hendrix’s typical psychedelic rock sound.
No where is this more apparent than on “Hear My Train A Comin’,” an incendiary six-string work out featuring some of Hendrix’s best blues-rock licks and a concrete-hard rhythm courtesy of Cox and Mitchell. An amped-up, electricity-charged Delta blues song on steroids, Hendrix’s often-explosive and sometimes death-defying guitar pyrotechnics here would forever write the blues-rock blueprint that would subsequently be followed by Stevie Ray Vaughan and countless others.
Hendrix had put together his new band in order to jam with some musicians that he enjoyed playing with, and the lengthy Woodstock set – some 140 minutes by all accounts, including false starts, sound problems, and Jimi’s apologies to the crowd – was dominated by lengthy, phenomenal jams on familiar songs. From the chattering machine-gun into of “Spanish Castle Magic” to the song’s breakneck solos and loping, funky groove, Hendrix and his gypsies stretch the song to better than twice its length on Axis: Bold As Love. Cox’s bass lines and Mitchell’s aggressive drumwork stand out on what can only be considered an urgent performance.
Ditto for the Woodstock version of the classic “Foxey Lady,” the song afforded a chaotic, TNT-strength opening before jumping headfirst into its familiar groove, Hendrix’s wiry guitar unwinding at unexpected moments while the band lays down a fragmented, stormy rhythm beneath his screaming six-string. The bluesy “Red House” is played reasonably straight, and significantly shorter than the aforementioned jams, but it retains Hendrix’s brilliant guitarplay and deliberate, note-by-note delivery.
Jam Back At The House
Built on Mitchell’s rapidfire, jazz-fusion rhythmic foundation, “Jam Back At The House” is an ambitious and rewarding performance that melds rock, jazz, and blues influences into a brand new sound. “Izabella,” which would be released posthumously on Hendrix’s Cry Of Love album, was the only real new tune that Hendrix had prepared for Woodstock, and it comes off pretty well.
After a brief into, the band hits an instant groove behind Jimi’s energetic riff, the notes from his guitar swirling around in a hypnotic morass as the band struggles to keep up with his rough-around-the-edges accompaniment. With the rhythm guitar handled by Lee, Hendrix uses the opportunity to embroider a slashing lead across the backing soundtrack.
Hendrix’s Star Spangled Banner
Hendrix’s performance of the “Star Spangled Banner,” featured in the film and its accompanying soundtrack album, is often considered one of the guitarist’s legendary moments. This wasn’t the first time that he’d cranked it out, however, and you really have to hear the moments before and after to appreciate the seamless work of art that was the closing 35-40 minutes of Hendrix’s set. Starting with a breathtaking thirteen minute rendition of “Voodoo Child (Slight Return)” where Hendrix winds up his axe and lets it fly, “Star Spangled Banner” is just the climax.
Jimi and the band immediately jump into “Purple Haze” with the enthusiasm of a band of barbarians beating on the gates of civilization with bloody battle axes. Hendrix’s fretwork here is blistering, tonal, shredding, powerful, and so delightfully over the top that you’d think that the term “guitar hero” was coined for just this moment. After a short improvisation piece that takes Hendrix and the band into an entirely different, albeit invigorating musical direction, along with the instrumental “Villanova Junction,” they end the show with the song that launched Hendrix’s star, the garage-rock classic “Hey Joe.”
Blues-rock guitarist Jimi Hendrix
Photo courtesy Experience HendrixThe Reverend’s Bottom Line
Although this set has been on the street for better than a decade, Hendrix’s Live At Woodstock is worth revisiting for a myriad of reasons. Not the least of these is that the fifteen performances included here on two CDs present a much more comprehensive picture of Hendrix’s landmark performance at the festival that that provided by either of the two Woodstock soundtrack albums. The complete show isn’t included, as a few clunkers have been ignored, and the between-song interludes have largely been cut out, but there is still over an hour and a half of music for the listener to devour.
Fronting a band with little chemistry and no time to develop it, suffering from sound issues and poor microphone set-ups (especially of the percussionists, whom you can barely hear), Hendrix delivered a stunning display of six-string virtuosity. Cranking out a fiery set of psychedelic rock and blues, Hendrix left behind what many consider to be the defining moment of his too-brief career.
Less than thirteen months after the triumph of Woodstock, Hendrix would accidently overdose, leaving behind a world of music uncreated. Live At Woodstock is one of the artist’s most memorable moments, and a “must have” recording for any blues-rock fan. (Experience Hendrix/MCA Records, released July 6, 1999)
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“Music and dance are two arts that complement each other and form the beauty and power that are the basis of happiness” – Sócrates
Inside the world of Fine Arts, las Bellas Artes, dance is considered one of the most beautiful body/mind/soul practices. Its study of the body consciousness makes a vast ancestral discipline, in which movement, sensations, breathe and intuition, play the most important roles in manifesting one of the oldest and most universal languages…the language of the soul. Through discovering its code, we can upgrade our consciousness, to such a degree that even the most tormented mind, if only for a precious moment, can find some peace; or on the other hand, dance can also make the observer lose their mind, and give the dancer total control of it. As a fun clear example of this, observe your mind when you think Nureyev, Anna Pavlova, and Isadora Duncan, then contrast to Madonna, Shakira, Britney or Beyoncé, or your favorite table dancer. Better yet, observe what happens around you next time you decide to really, really, truly dance. As in everything else, it is a matter of consciousness. Simply put, dance is power. By quieting the mind, it gives you happiness. Fascinated by the power of dance, Destino focused its attention closer to the world of dance by interviewing arts impresario and dance activist CHRISTINA LYON, who in 2013, founded Gala de Danza in Los Cabos. What follows is the interview she kindly gave to our Destino readers: [caption id="attachment_3237" align="alignright" width="286"] Photo by Dan Krauss[/caption] Who are you? I am Christina Lyon, GDD Founder and Artistic Director, former dancer with American Ballet Theatre, and guest artist with English National Ballet in London among others. Currently an international talent scouter, dance activist and arts impresario. What is your intention? To have not the biggest Gala in the world, simply the best. What is the story behind Gala de Danza? In 2013, I started Gala de Danza on behalf of a beautiful young dancer by the name of Mariana Carrillo. I had been coming to Los Cabos and inquired if there were any local ballet schools in the area. It led me to Danza Téllez and its director the otherworldly Lourdes Téllez. To me, this woman is the Mother Theresa of México. It was Lulu’s dedication that inspired me to create Gala de Danza. What inspired you to make Los Cabos your forum? I always say that I did not choose Los Cabos, Los Cabos chose me! I was amazed by the level of talent at the school, and the students hunger, desire and passion for dance. One of the things that struck me the most was that none of them had ever seen live performing arts. They had watched videos but nothing live. I scouted Mariana and invited her to train exclusively with me in California. Mariana has performed with Gala de Danza since the first year and has gone on to receive a scholarship to the University of Southern California where she is studying dance under the direction of Jodie Gates and world-renowned choreographer William Forsythe. What have you learned about Los Cabos, through the experience with Gala de Danza? Los Cabos is a true paradise. The local community is warm, friendly and has always supported us. I found a niche in the market and our Gala has grown to become one of the best Galas in the world. What is your calendar of performances for 2018? We start Thursday, March 15th with “Harp and Horchata,” special preview performances, the cast of GDD 2018, among them William Close and the Earth Harp, sensational youth talents from around the world, and students from USC Glorya Kaufman School of Dance with Cabo ́s own Mariana Carrillo. What is the vision of Gala de Danza in 5 years? To continue to foster talent, to give the platform to emerging artists to share the stage with renowned stars, to continue collaborations with dancers, musicians, choreographers and have a one-week long music and dance festival. What is your recipe for happiness? Dance! Anything you would like to add? We need to shed light on the Mexican talent, there are many talented young artists that need our support.[/vc_column_text][/vc_column][/vc_row]]]>
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‘American Dad!’ Lands New 22-Episode Season On TBS
TBS has ordered a new 22-episode season of animated comedy American Dad! Since debuting its first season as a TBS original in October, American Dad! has ranked as a basic cable Top 3 entertainment program in the Monday 9 PM timeslot with 18-34-year-olds, and a Top 5 entertainment show in the slot with 18-49-year-olds. The current season of the 20th Century Fox TV-produced series is averaging 3.1 million viewers for each week’s premiere on TBS and encore on Adult Swim.
Created by Seth MacFarlane, Mike Barker and Matt Weitzman, American Dad! is executive-produced by MacFarlane, Weitzman and new showrunner Brian Boyle, who has been shepherding the animated comedy since its move from Fox to TBS. He repped by ICM Partners and attorneys Don Walerstein and Matt Walerstein. .
Twentieth Century Fox Television
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Courteney Monroe Re-Ups As Nat Geo Networks President; Hands Expanded Roles To Senior Creative Team
By Nellie Andreeva, Peter White
Another Fox division headed to Disney, the National Geographic networks, has solidified its leadership ahead of the pending merger. Courteney Monroe has re-upped as President, National Geographic Global Networks and handed expanded roles to Geoff Daniels and Carolyn Bernstein. Daniels has been named EVP, Global Unscripted Entertainment for National Geographic Channels, assuming the role he had been serving in on an interim basis since May. Bernstein becomes EVP, Global Scripted Content & Documentary Films, adding oversight of feature documentaries released under the National Geographic Documentary Films banner.
Monroe will continue to report to Gary Knell, Chairman of National Geographic Partners, and work closely with Peter Rice, currently President of 21st Century Fox and Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of Fox Networks Group. Knell and Rice are among the top 21st Century Fox executives who were announced earlier this month as transitioning to the combined Disney-Fox TV operation post-merger. The announcement also included Fox TV Group chairman and CEO Dana Walden, FX Networks CEO John Landgraf as well as the leadership of 20th Century Fox and Fox 21 TV Studios.
NatGeo
Monroe, who has been well respected within 21st Century Fox and was reportedly approached to take over the New Fox broadcast network this past summer, will continue to oversee global programming, operations and marketing for the portfolio of National Geographic channels around the world and will also oversee NG Studios, the company’s in-house production unit, as well as the recently established National Geographic Documentary Films banner.
“We’re very excited to build on Courteney’s successful strategy, which has resulted in year-over-year growth, generated unprecedented critical acclaim and significantly raised the profile of National Geographic,” said Knell. “I have no doubt that Courteney will continue to drive growth and success for our brand around the world.”
Added Rice, “Courteney has done an exceptional job leading National Geographic Global Networks through a strategic transformation that has unlocked a new level of critical and commercial success for this beloved brand. I am pleased she’ll continue to play such an important role in positioning National Geographic for future success.”
The contract extensions for Monroe and her top lieutenants come after Nat Geo and Nat Geo Wild scored a record 18 Emmy nominations and box-office success for feature doc Free Solo.
“It has been the opportunity of a lifetime to lead the transformation of the National Geographic television business. I’m incredibly grateful to Peter and Gary for their ongoing support and leadership and I look forward to taking our brand and business to even greater heights as part of Disney’s expanded media portfolio,” said Monroe.
As EVP, Global Unscripted Entertainment, Daniels will oversee all development and production for unscripted programming for both National Geographic Channel and Nat Geo Wild. Daniels will continue to report to Monroe and is based in National Geographic’s Washington, D.C., headquarters. He was previously EVP and General Manager of Nat Geo Wild and Kids Media.
Bernstein will continue to oversee the network’s push into premium scripted content building on series including forthcoming drama Valley of the Boom.
“I’m extremely fortunate to work with such talented executives as Geoff and Carolyn. The combination of Geoff’s outstanding strategic and creative leaderships skills, along with his wealth of experience in factual entertainment, make him the perfect person to lead our unscripted business. And with Carolyn’s proven track record in developing premium scripted projects, I’m looking forward to elevating our National Geographic Documentary Films banner even further,” said Monroe.
This article was printed from https://deadline.com/2018/11/nat-geo-courteney-monroe-1202494570/
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James Murdoch Named Chairman Of Sky Deutschland’s Supervisory Board
After ankling many of his European board seats in the wake of the phone-hacking scandal at News Corp’s UK press arm, James Murdoch has been elected Chairman of the supervisory board of Sky Deutschland. The exec, and son of Rupert, had originally been appointed as a member of Sky Deutschland’s board last April as News Corp began to raise his profile. The German pay-TV group is 54.8% owned by 21st Century Fox, of which Murdoch is Deputy Chief Operating Officer, Chairman and CEO, International. Via the board chairmanship that begins tomorrow, Murdoch is replacing 21st Century Fox President and COO Chase Carey who had been chairman since July 2010. Carey will remain a member of the board. “Mr. Murdoch has built a track record of bringing innovation to the global television business and choice to customers across Europe and Asia,” Sky Deutschland said today.
This article was printed from https://deadline.com/2013/09/james-murdoch-named-chairman-of-sky-deutschlands-supervisory-board-597302/
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Back in Business with Burma
by Dearborn Jewelers of Plymouth MI | Nov 10, 2016 | colored gemstones, gemstone facts, History of gemstones and the jewelry industry, jewelry stories, politics in jewelry, rocks and minerals
I’ll never forget vacationing in Thailand, trying to decide whether to buy a pair of jadeite earrings. The beaming salesman chanted to me, “Burmeeeese jade,” with a knowing nod. His smile implied that nothing could be better.
Imperial-quality jade. Courtesy of Mason-Kay.
That was about eight years ago, when jade and rubies from Burma (Myanmar) were banned from the United States. Retailers in the U.S. could not sell them. Wholesalers could not import them. Well, that recently changed, and the announcement got me interested in the story of how these gems came to be sanctioned.
It was back in 2003 when George W. Bush signed the trade embargo, prohibiting the import of Burmese goods. The military ruling group, the “junta”, of the country had imprisoned the people’s leader, Aung San Suu Kyi. Citizens of the country were having their human rights violated. The embargo was a response to what was considered an unacceptable way to govern.
But there were loopholes in the 2003 document, and Burmese jade and rubies still found their way into the U.S. If a “middleman” country got involved, either in the cutting or polishing step, it was still legal to import these gems to the U.S. That is, until July 2008.
President Bush signed a new document, the Tom Lantos Block Burmese J.A.D.E.(Junta’s Anti-Democratic Efforts) Act, which closed the loopholes and effectively banned the import of ALL precious Burmese gemstones. Wholesalers and retailers selling ruby and jade needed documentation to certify that the gems had not originated in Burma.
The jewelry industry was negatively impacted by the embargo. Burma was considered the best source in the world for fine ruby and jade. Different sources of the gems had to be found, and, over the years, they were. Today many rubies come from Mozambique. Jadeite sources include Guatemala, Japan, and Kazakhstan.
The trade sanctions had the desired effect. Myanmar began to make reforms in 2010. Over the next couple of years, democratic elections were held and many political prisoners were released. In 2011, the U.S. appointed an ambassador, and, in 2012, President Obama visited the country. Using a cautious approach, President Obama lifted some of the sanctions in November 2012. But the ban on rubies and jade remained in place.
Aung San Suu Kyi, who is now the nation’s State Counsellor (sort of like a Prime Minister), expressed patience, saying that “We believe that if we are going along the right path, all sanctions should be lifted in good time.” And she was right! On October 7th, 2016, President Obama signed an executive order to lift the remaining trade sanctions against Myanmar.
It will be interesting to see how this executive order influences the jewelry industry in the coming months and years. It will take some time to establish or re-establish relationships with Burmese stone dealers. But I believe it won’t be long before we see the deep blood-red Burmese rubies back in our stores. And my “Burmeeeese” jade earrings (Yes. . . I bought them) may soon be easy to find in the United States.
25.59 carat Burmese Ruby, sold in 2015 for $30.3 million
The Michigan Gemstone
by Dearborn Jewelers of Plymouth MI | Oct 18, 2016 | gemstone facts, gemstone jewelry, jewelry store, jewelry stories, Michigan Jewelry, rocks and minerals
A large polished piece of Greenstone
In late September I was in Swede’s, the famous light blue jewelry and rock store in the middle of Copper Harbor, Michigan. The feisty woman in charge, 83-year-old Mary Billings, asked me as I walked in–“What is the gemstone of Michigan?”
When I answered, “Isle Royale Greenstone,” she looked at me with new respect.
“You’re only the thirteenth customer this season who has answered that question correctly. And we’ve had a lot of people who’ve walked through that door.” She shook her head, a little disgusted that Michiganders weren’t commonly aware of their state gemstone.
Most people, if they have any idea at all, would probably say Petoskey is the state’s gem. And it IS the state rock. But Isle Royale Greenstone, or just Greenstone, has been Michigan’s official gem since 1973. Found mainly on Isle Royale or the Keweenaw Peninsula, Greenstone has the fancy, scientific name of Chlorastrolite, which is a variety of the mineral Pumpellyite. It’s often found in and around copper mines, which are abundant in the Keweenaw. The mineral makes its home in amygdaloidal basalt. If you’re like me, that phrase holds no meaning. I had to look it up, so I’m happy to share its meaning. Basically it’s a pit or cavity in the stone. So amygdaloidal basalt is cooled and hardened lava with lots of cavities in it that have been filled in with minerals.
Once the Greenstone is removed from its host rock, it can be cut and polished. But it’s a tricky stone to work with because it’s not really hard–only a 5-6 on the Mohs’ Scale– and it can have its own cavities and hollow spots within it. Cutters want to expose the best “turtle-back” pattern that they can and eliminate any bad spots. But removing a top layer of the stone is likely to reveal a different, and not necessarily better pattern. The goal is a clear pattern showing some chatoyancy. The best stones will demonstrate that change in luster as they are tilted back and forth in the light.
Tumbled Greenstone with pink Thomsonite
Greenstone is not a particularly expensive gemstone to buy. Even with the labor involved in finding, mining, and cutting it, there’s just not a huge market for the material. But it isn’t an easy gem to own. Since the year 2000, it’s been illegal to take Isle Royale Greenstone off the island. The island is, after all, a national park. And even Keweenaw Greenstone isn’t easy to get unless you have access to the copper mine areas. Most jewelry stores, even in Michigan, don’t carry Greenstone. So plan on spending some time searching for your perfect piece of Michigan’s gemstone. Whether you spend time looking along the shoreline for a rare small piece of it, or whether you search for jewelry stores that carry the gem, enjoy the journey.
My piece of Keweenaw Greenstone! I love it!!
History of Birthstones
by Dearborn Jewelers of Plymouth MI | Sep 16, 2016 | April Birthstone, Aquamarine, August Birthstone, colored gemstones, December birthstone, Garnet, gemstone facts, History of gemstones and the jewelry industry, January Birthstone, June Birthstone, March Birthstone, November Birthstone, October birthstone, Pearls, Sapphire, September Birthstone
Garnet: January birthstone
Most of my life I’ve wished I was born a few days earlier, mainly because my birthstone would be an emerald instead of pearl or alexandrite. When it came time to buy my high school class ring, I chose the emerald green stone rather than the pale purple one. When my husband and I designed our 30-year anniversary ring, we designed it with an emerald for the center stone, even though pearl is the traditional gift for the 30-year anniversary. As you can see, I’ve always just gone with what I wanted rather than what I was ‘supposed’ to want. But my decisions got me to thinking about the origin of birthstones. Who deemed that each month be represented by a different gemstone? When was this decision made? And why?
My research on these questions has revealed an interesting and somewhat nonsensical journey. Most sources say that the idea of birthstones started with the Bible and Aaron’s breastplate. Aaron had 12 stones in his breastplate, representing the 12 tribes of Israel. No one knows for sure what the 12 stones were, but chances are high that they were pretty rocks, like jasper or lapis. These are rocks that were native to the area.
A first century historian named Josephus supposedly made the numeric connection between the 12 stones and the 12 months of the year. For centuries the idea was to have 12 stones, carrying a different one each month. They weren’t really birthstones because they weren’t associated with the owner’s birth. They were associated with months of the year. The individual stones were supposed to bring good luck and good health during each one’s specific month.
But somewhere along the way, the idea changed. Experts say that between the 15th and 18th centuries, people began to see themselves as having one stone, corresponding to the month of their birth, that would bring them good fortune. These stones, with a few exceptions, are very different from the birthstones of today. Have you ever heard of bloodstone? It’s an opaque green stone with red spots. It was the birthstone for March. How about sardonyx? That’s a banded, rusty brown-colored, translucent chalcedony that was the birthstone for August.
Bloodstone: March birthstone
Sardonyx: August birthstone
In 1912, Jewelers of America, an association with a definite interest in marketing gemstones, sought to standardize the list. The official list of birthstones had garnet, amethyst, aquamarine, diamond, emerald, pearl, ruby, peridot, sapphire, opal, topaz (the orange-yellow-brown kind), and turquoise. Some of the months had two birthstones, partly in deference to the traditional stones. So March had aquamarine AND bloodstone. August had peridot AND sardonyx. But, let’s face it, if you were born in March, which gem would you rather have? A transparent medium blue one or an opaque dark green one with red blemishes? It didn’t take long to drop these traditional choices.
The 1912 list has had few changes in the last 100+ years. In 1952, alexandrite was added as a birthstone for June and citrine was added as a birthstone for November. December’s traditional birthstone of lapis lazuli was replaced with blue zircon. In 2002, tanzanite, the blue-purple gemstone that had been discovered in 1967, was added to the list for December. And, most recently, in 2016, spinel was added as a birthstone for August.
Why the additions? Many people would say it’s a marketing move. Birthstones aren’t really seen as bringing good luck or good health anymore. They don’t have the significance they used to have. They’re just fun. So why not have more choices? I’m really happy for all you August babies who no longer feel confined to the yellowish-green of peridot. Spinel offers great variety! (See my blog on spinel–July 28, 2016).
So, what do we make of this idea of birthstones? To me it sounds like a complicated game of Telephone. Do you remember that game when someone whispers a phrase to someone else, and it goes around the circle? The final uttering of the phrase bears no resemblance to the original. That’s how I feel birthstones came to be. From Aaron’s breastplate to the writings of Josephus to the Jewelers’ list, it’s a crazy, convoluted path. But this is where we are and what we have. My suggestion? Adopt your favorite gemstone, the one that has meaning to you, and make it YOUR birthstone.
Amethyst: February birthstone
A Crater of Diamonds
by Dearborn Jewelers of Plymouth MI | Sep 8, 2016 | April Birthstone, gemstone facts, rocks and minerals
Have you ever heard of Crater of Diamonds State Park in Arkansas? The place where you can sift through the dirt and look for the sparkle of a diamond? I so wish my parents had taken me here when I was a kid!! Even though the possibility of finding a diamond is small–only about 1-2% of all visitors leave with one–the probability of having a good time is very high.
Crater of Diamonds has been a state park since the early 1970s. The park encompasses over 900 acres, but 37 of those acres sit on a volcanic pipe. This pipe, which was part of a 95 million year old volcano (long since eroded), carried diamonds to the Earth’s surface. Today, Crater of Diamonds is the only diamond-bearing site that is open to the public. For eight dollars you can search from morning til night. The park has exhibits and videos that give you the history of the area as well as good tips on how to search for diamonds. It has equipment you can rent, things like shovels and sifting screens, or you can bring your own. Over the years the park has been the location for some remarkable stories.
The biggest diamond ever found there, or anywhere in the U.S., was a 40.23 carat stone called Uncle Sam. It was found back in 1924, when the area was still owned by a diamond mine. Other big finds have been made over the years. As recently as 2015, an 8.52 carat diamond was found, and has been named Esperanza. Most of the diamonds found, however, are small. Approximately 90% of the diamonds are less than 1/4 carat, which is only about the size of a match head . The diamonds from this site are yellow, brown, or colorless. They are not easy to find, but one feature that helps is that they look polished, almost as if they have an oily film on them. Also, they’re usually translucent, which means you can see into them but you can’t see through them. If you’re not sure what you’ve found, there is an expert at the site, ready to help you with identification.
The park is a popular place. It had 168,000 visitors last year. In addition to looking for diamonds, there is a water park and camping. It sounds like the place for a perfect day, if you’re a kid. Go get dusty and dirty looking for rocks, and then get cooled and cleaned off at the water park! Heck, it sounds great even if you’re not a kid!!
If you’d rather look for colored gems, amethysts, garnets, and agates have also been found at Crater of Diamonds. But there are, perhaps, better locations in the U.S. if you’re rockhounding for colored gemstones. Check out Gem Mountain in Montana for sapphires. Or Emerald Hollow Mine in North Carolina for emeralds, rubies, and aquamarine. Morefield Mine in Virginia is a source for amazonite, beryl, garnet, amethyst, and topaz.
It’s not too early to start planning next summer’s vacation. Ask your kids and they’ll tell you–“We want to dig for gemstones!”
The New Birthstone- August’s Spinel
by Dearborn Jewelers of Plymouth MI | Jul 28, 2016 | August Birthstone, colored gemstones, Gemological societies and institutions, gemstone facts, gemstone jewelry, gifts of jewelry, History of gemstones and the jewelry industry
Natural Spinel
I have some very good news for all of you born in August. Just recently, the American Gem Trade Association and Jewelers of America announced that SPINEL has been added to the birthstone list as an alternative to peridot. Not everyone is a fan of peridot’s yellowish-green color, and the gem stone has a narrow range of hue. Spinel, on the other hand, comes in almost every color of the rainbow! The most prized color is red. Pink and blue are two other popular hues. So, because spinel is a relatively unknown gemstone and because changes to the birthstone list don’t happen often, it seemed important to write about it.
Many people have never heard of spinel. It was recognized as a separate mineral about 200 years ago, but, until then, red spinel was often mistaken for ruby. Some famous gems, like the Black Prince’s Ruby, which is set in England’s Imperial State Crown, are actually red spinel. Those who have heard of it often associate it with something “cheap” or “common.” Synthetic (aka man-made) spinel has been used for years to make the stones for high school class rings because it’s inexpensive to produce in lots of different colors that mimic birthstones like emerald, ruby, and sapphire. Synthetic spinel is also used as the top, bottom, or both of a “triplet” that substitutes for a natural gemstone.
Natural spinel is a beautiful mineral made of magnesium, aluminum, and oxygen. It’s colorless unless a trace element such as chromium, iron, or cobalt makes its way into the recipe. Chromium leads to a pink or red spinel. Iron and cobalt lead to violet and blue spinels. A combination of trace elements produces orange or purple spinels. These colors need no enhancement, so spinel is rarely heat-treated or irradiated. It’s a fairly hard gemstone, scoring 8 on the Mohs Scale, and it forms in the cubic crystal system. These qualities mean that spinel is hard enough to take a good polish and easy enough to cut and facet. And the gem is usually eye-clean when it comes to inclusions.
Spinel is traditionally associated with Asia–especially Myanmar, Vietnam, and Sri Lanka. More recently deposits have been found in Tanzania and Madagascar. Large crystals are quite rare, so the value goes up exponentially, not only for great color but also for size. While not as expensive as fine ruby or pink sapphire, natural spinel is not an inexpensive gem. Red spinel would cost approximately 30% of the cost of a similarly sized ruby. And pink spinel would be about 85% of the cost of a same size pink sapphire. It’s not easy to find spinel in a jewelry store. Maybe that will change now that it’s a birthstone, but, up until now, it’s been more of a collector’s stone.
So, take heart all of you who longed for another birthstone! It’s spinel to the rescue!! Ask your jewelry store for a peek at its spinel. Here’s a peek at ours.
1.28 carat pink spinel
Quartz-So Common and yet so Special
by Dearborn Jewelers of Plymouth MI | Jul 14, 2016 | colored gemstones, gemstone cutter, gemstone facts, gemstone jewelry, History of gemstones and the jewelry industry, November Birthstone, rocks and minerals, Uncategorized
Flawless Quartz Crystal Sphere at the Smithsonian Natural History Museum (106.75 lbs)
This crystal sphere is the largest cut piece of flawless quartz in the world, weighing in at 242,323 carats! It symbolizes our fascination with something so beautiful and yet so common. Quartz is found around the world, in large quantities, and is considered one of the most common minerals on Earth. It’s found in sand, dirt, and dust. Yet, when fashioned by gem cutters and put in a stunning piece of jewelry, it can be breathtaking.
Quartz is a complicated gemstone. One of the reasons it’s tricky is because the term “quartz” is used for varieties of gems, as well as for a species of gem and as a group of gems. So, for example, Rose Quartz is a variety of the species Quartz. So is Citrine, Amethyst, and Tiger’s Eye! All these varieties, and others that are couched under the species of Chalcedony, such as Agate and Jasper, are considered to be members of the group, Quartz. Very confusing!!
Perhaps it’s best to start with the fact that mineralogists and geologists see any mineral with the chemical makeup of silicon dioxide, SiO2, as Quartz. Regardless of whether the crystals making up that stone are large, small, or microscopic, it’s all Quartz. Gemologists, on the other hand, separate the gems into those whose crystals are larger and those too small to see without a high-powered microscope. Those with larger crystals are called Quartz and those with microcrystalline structures are labeled Chalcedony.
Under these two species are many varieties that are used in jewelry. Probably the most commonly known variety of the quartz species is Amethyst. That regal purple has been admired for centuries. The purple color comes from natural irradiation acting upon a trace element of iron. The saturated, medium to deep reddish purple is the most prized color, but amethyst ranges from a light, pinkish purple to that deep purple hue. Amethyst is not rare, but the prized color is more rare because usually only the tips of the amethyst crystals have that depth of color.
Agate and Amethyst, showing the deep purple tips of the quartz crystals, as well as the microcrystalline Agate, which is part of the Chalcedony species.
Other varieties of the Quartz species include Citrine, the orange-yellow gemstone that’s November’s birthstone, and Rock Crystal, which is colorless because it has no trace elements. There’s also Rose Quartz, Smoky Quartz, Prasiolite (aka Green Amethyst), and Ametrine (a bi-colored gem combining the purple of Amethyst and the yellow of Citrine).
Members the Chalcedony species have been used in jewelry even longer than Amethyst! Agates, which exhibit wavy bands of color, were used in amulets and talismans over 3000 years ago. They were also used to make cameos. Carvers would reveal a differently colored band by carving down around the subject of the piece. Today you’ll see agate slice pendants that are sometimes dyed to accentuate the banding.
Probably the most valuable member of the Chalcedony species is Chrysoprase. This translucent gemstone is beloved for its natural apple-green color. It owes its color to the presence of nickel. A big discovery of Chrysoprase was made in 1965 in Australia. Because its color can resemble fine jadeite, it’s sometimes called “Australian Jade.”
Other varieties of the Chalcedony species include Black Onyx (dyed black chalcedony), Carnelian, Jasper, and Fire Agate. Most chalcedony is translucent to opaque, so it’s rarely faceted. Most often it’s fashioned into beads, slices or cabochons. But, just like all Quartz, it registers a 7 on the Mohs Hardness Scale, making it a good choice for rings and bracelets as well as earrings and pendants.
There’s so much that can be said about this beautiful mineral that surrounds us everyday. But I want to end with the sentiment– “How wonderful when something so common can also be so special!”
Custom-made Ametrine Ring in our showcase!
Colorful Stories of Three Colored Gemstones
by Dearborn Jewelers of Plymouth MI | Mar 31, 2016 | colored gemstones, gemstone facts, gemstone treatments, History of gemstones and the jewelry industry, June Birthstone, Personalities in the jewelry business, rocks and minerals
The romance and history of colored gemstones has always fascinated me. I guess I’m just a sucker for a good story. Here are three I thought you might like.
TANZANITE: It’s said that we are all members of the “Tanzanite generation.” Discovered in 1967 by a Masai tribesman in Northern Tanzania, Tanzanite is mined in only one, 4 square kilometer, location. And the mines are getting deeper and harder to mine profitably. We will be the ones who can buy a new Tanzanite. Future generations will only see the stone in heirloom pieces. It’s estimated that Tanzanite One, the largest Tanzanite mining company, has less than 30 years of production left.
The gemstone was named by Henry Platt, great-grandson of the famous Louis C. Tiffany. Tiffany and Co. realized the importance of the gemstone and quickly made themselves the main distributor. Their marketing efforts made tanzanite one of the most popular gemstones by the 1990s. The beautiful gem hit the big screen with a “splash” as the Heart of the Ocean in the movie, Titanic.
MORGANITE: This pink to orange/pink variety of beryl was originally discovered in Pala, California in the early 1900s. It was named for J.P. Morgan, a great financier and collector of minerals. Tiffany’s gem buyer and gemologist, George Kunz, was the man who named the gem, buying up all he could find for his wealthy client. Incidentally, another pink gemstone, discovered at about the same time, was named Kunzite in honor of George Kunz. So, he got his own gemstone, too!
Morganite is the same species of mineral as Emerald and Aquamarine. Like Aquamarine, it is usually an eye-clean stone that can be cut in larger sizes. It’s a good thing, too, because a larger stone usually shows a more saturated color. Pale Morganite often needs that advantage. It’s generally heat-treated to improve its pink color and minimize its yellowish tint. The treatment is stable, so no fading occurs.
ALEXANDRITE: First discovered in Russia’s Ural Mountains in the early 1830s, Alexandrite is the quintessential color-change gemstone. It was found by miners who thought they’d found emeralds, until nighttime came and they were sitting around the campfire. Alexandrite’s trace elements of iron, titanium, and chromium make it greenish in sunlight and reddish in incandescent or fire light. Boy, were those miners surprised when, the next morning, their red gemstones had turned back to green!
Legend says that the gem was found on the 16th birthday of young Alexander II, future Czar of Russia. The stone became the National Gem of Czarist Russia. It was the perfect fit with the red and green color scheme of imperial Russia’s military. Every Russian had to have an Alexandrite. Unfortunately, for all of us, the Russian supply was depleted. Fortunately, other deposits have been found in Sri Lanka, East Africa, and Brazil.
Natural Alexandrites are very expensive, especially in larger sizes. Even the synthetic version is expensive, because it’s difficult to manufacture. But, if you’re lucky enough to own an Alexandrite, you have an “Emerald by day, and a Ruby by night.”
Other Gemstone Treatments-Surface Coating and Fracture Filling
by Dearborn Jewelers of Plymouth MI | Mar 17, 2016 | gemstone facts, gemstone treatments
The general feeling among gemologists and gem merchants is that there is nothing wrong with any type of treatment as long as it’s fully disclosed to the customer, and the customer is being charged appropriately for the treated stone. As discussed in our last blog, many treatments have stable results. Enhancements such as bleaching, irradiation, and heating are commonly accepted by most in the jewelry industry because, not only are they permanent but they are also treatments that could have occurred naturally. Some enhancements, however, are not as stable or they lack that “natural” quality. Gemologists and gemstone merchants are wary of gemstones that have been coated or fracture filled.
Gemstones have been painted or coated for thousands of years. It’s not a new idea. Often the back side (pavillion) or girdle of a faceted gemstone is coated with a thin film of metal oxide paint. The well-known Mystic Topaz is actually colorless topaz with a thin layer of titanium on its pavillion. The coating causes interference with light and leads to Mystic’s rainbow of colors. Drusy quartz is another gem that can get coated with permanent metallic film, using a process called vapor deposition. Both of these processes are permanent as long as the gems aren’t exposed to high heat or chemicals.
If a gem such as emerald has tiny fractures or cavities that reach the surface of the stone, apparent clarity of the gem can be improved by filling the fractures with either oil or wax. Even diamonds or rubies can be fracture filled, although the filling is generally lead glass rather than oil. Glass fillings are more durable than oils or waxes. High heat, acids, or even vigorous cleaning in an ultrasonic cleaner can drain the emerald of its oil. New oil can be inserted but, until it is, the emerald will look like it has more inclusions than it had before. Many gemologists worry more about fracture filled diamonds. Emeralds have been oiled for centuries and bench jewelers know the special care that they need. But diamonds normally handle the heat of the jeweler’s torch. A fracture-filled diamond, however, cannot handle heat, and must be treated differently than a non-treated diamond.
This concludes our three-blog series on gemstones and their treatments. I guess the thought I want to leave you with is, if you’re buying nice gemstones, ask questions. Especially if you decide to buy off the internet, look at the fine print. Fracture-filled diamonds are a “fraction” of the cost, but they require special care and will never be as valuable as a diamond that’s not fracture-filled. Know what you’re buying.
Common Gemstone Treatments–Heating, Irradiating, and Bleaching
by Dearborn Jewelers of Plymouth MI | Mar 9, 2016 | gemstone facts, gemstone treatments, Pearls, Sapphire, Uncategorized
The Earth is very hot–over 10000 degrees Fahrenheit at its core. Over the millions of years that gemstones formed in the earth, some have been subjected to high temperatures. Interestingly enough, this heat can alter the light absorption of the stone, changing its color. Sometimes heat “improves” the color of the stone, perhaps taking a gray, brown, or almost colorless stone and turning it to a cheerful blue or a regal purple.
Man has found a way to heat stones that Earth neglected to heat. The most common types of heat treated gemstones are ruby, sapphire, topaz, tanzanite, and zircon. If you buy one of these stones, you can be quite certain that it’s been heated by man. You’d pay a huge premium to have beautiful color without man-made heat. The time spent heating, the temperature, and the other treatments that may be combined with heat will all vary depending on the raw material.
Non-heat treated tanzanite on the left and heat-treated tanzanite on the right
Our planet also naturally irradiates stones. Irradiation can change the arrangement of the protons, neutrons, and electrons that make up the atoms of the stone. This can alter the color of stones as well. Man has figured out how to irradiate gemstones in order to improve color. They can be treated to high energy radiation at a gamma ray facility that uses cobalt-60 so that there is no residual radioactivity. Diamonds are sometimes irradiated to create beautiful fancy colored diamonds. Colored diamonds can occur naturally, but it’s rare for them to be blue or green. That’s why famous gems like the Hope Diamond or the Dresden Green are so amazing. If you see a blue or green diamond, chances are man has irradiated it. Blue topaz is another irradiated gem stone. It’s the combination of irradiation and heat treatment that brings out that beautiful Swiss or London Blue in topaz.
The sun gave us inspiration for bleaching. Stones often look prettier if they are whiter or less brownish. Pearls and jadeite are both commonly bleached–and not by the sun. The process involves hydrogen peroxide or some type of acid. Pearls, even if they are natural in color rather than dyed, are still often bleached to lighten and brighten the color nature gave them.
Unbleached jadeite on the left and bleached jadeite on the right
Most people in the jewelry industry accept these three treatments. Since heating, irradiating, and bleaching could have all occurred naturally, it seems that man is helping out by making a natural process accessible to more gemstones. And since all of these treatments are permanent, no one has to worry about their gemstone changing over time. Finally, without these treatments, colored gemstones and pearls would be much more expensive and exclusive.
Our final post of this series will be about treatments that are not as commonly accepted. These are treatments you, as the consumer, should definitely be aware of before you buy. Treatments such as surface coating and fracture filling can enhance the look of the stone but may not be permanent. Remember to ask questions if you want to know about treatments on a gemstone you’re planning to purchase.
Minerals of Michigan
by Dearborn Jewelers of Plymouth MI | Jan 14, 2016 | colored gemstones, gemstone facts, rocks and minerals
Lake Superior Agates
If you’re a Michigander like me, you grew up going to one of the Great Lakes for a day at the beach. As a kid, I didn’t know how lucky I was to witness the variety of minerals and rocks along the lakeshore. No where else in the world can you see that variety. I would look for our state rock, the Petoskey stone. I didn’t even know that Michigan had a state gem, the Isle Royale Greenstone (aka Chlorastrolite.)
I’ve always been a rock hound of sorts, and many Michiganders share my passion. There’s so much to know about our rocks and minerals. Most of the information in this post comes from a great book called, Michigan Rocks and Minerals, by Dan and Bob Lynch. I’d highly recommend it if you’re a serious rock hound.
Their book brought up questions I’d never considered before.
*What’s the difference between a MINERAL and a ROCK?
A mineral is a crystallized version of a chemical compound. Most gemstones are minerals. For example, a diamond is crystallized carbon. Quartz is crystallized silicon dioxide. Rocks are a conglomerate of minerals. Lapis Lazuli is an example of a gem that’s actually a rock. Its main ingredient is lazurite, but it also has minerals like calcite, pyrite, and mica. While minerals have characteristics, such as hardness or refractive index, that can be identified throughout the mineral, the characteristics of a rock vary depending on which spot of the rock you’re testing.
*What’s the difference between rock hunting in the Upper Peninsula vs. the Lower Peninsula?
The U.P. and L.P. are geologically very different. The U.P. is formed from volcanic rock. It is rich in the elements of copper, iron, manganese, and even gold. Those elements lend themselves to minerals like azurite, chrysocolla, and hematite. The L.P. is formed from sedimentary rock. It has a lot of limestone, shale, and gypsum. Most of the pretty Michigan minerals, in my opinion, are found in the Upper Peninsula.
*What are some basic tools needed to identify rocks and minerals?
If you do want to do some rock identification, you’ll need a few simple tools. Of course, an identification book is necessary. But one of the main ways to identify a rock is by its hardness. The Mohs Hardness Scale measures minerals from 1 to 10, with one being the softest and ten the hardest. Most minerals in Michigan fall between 2 and 7. You can estimate a mineral’s hardness using a scratch test, taking care to scratch the specimen in an inconspicuous place. Your fingernail will scratch a mineral of 2.5 hardness or less. A copper penny will scratch a mineral of 3.5 hardness or less. A piece of glass or a steel knife works on minerals of 5.5 or less, and a piece of unglazed porcelain works on minerals of 6.5 or less. So these four inexpensive tools can really help you narrow down the options when you want to identify your find.
Michigan Rocks and Minerals discusses over 200 different materials, giving details such as hardness, common size, and color. The book has color photos of the materials and gives suggestions of where to look for them. I’ve decided I want to look for Lake Superior Agates, Dolomite, and Pudding Stones next summer when I go to the U.P. Wish me luck!!
Pudding Stone
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"Meeting Needs"
By Amos Esty
Alumnus Chidi Achebe wields powerful weapons--an M.D., an M.P.H., and an M.B.A., plus a can-do spirit--in addressing the health-care disparities and needs of Boston's inner city.
"Both Sides Now"
By Trevor Bayliss, M.D.
A young physician-in-training writes about the doctor-patient relationship from the perspective of someone who has experienced both sides of that bond.
"What Matters"
By Meredith J. Sorensen, M.D.
When a surgery resident arrived in Tanzania for a four-week rotation, she was at first horrified by the conditions there. But as the weeks passed, she came to appreciate the constraints and to realize what really matters in medicine.
"Map Quest"
The decades-long quest to parse the piecemeal nature of the American health-care system has put Dartmouth on the map. But along with plaudits has come criticism. Here, two experts behind the renowned Dartmouth Atlas of Health Care explain why its findings really do hold up.
A Magazine for Alumni and Friends of Dartmouth Medical School and Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center
Vol. 34, No. 4 • Summer 2010
Meeting Needs
Alumnus Chidi Achebe wields powerful weapons—an M.D., an M.P.H., and an M.B.A., plus a can-do spirit—in addressing the health-care disparities and needs of Boston's inner city.
JPG Version PDF Version
Unfortunately, it rained the day photographer Jon Gilbert Fox was in Boston to photograph Dr. Chidi Achebe. But there's a silver lining to the day's clouds in that the umbrella Achebe obligingly hoisted is not a bad metaphor for the coverage he extends to the residents of Boston's inner city. See the associated feature, "Meeting Needs".
Dartmouth Medicine seeks to convey the breadth and depth of the education, research, and clinical activities of DMS and DHMC; to serve as a publication of historical record; to stimulate thought and discussion on issues in medicine and medical education; and to reflect the range of opinions and activities among Dartmouth medical students, faculty, and alumni. Abbreviations used in these pages include DMS (Dartmouth Medical School), DHMC (Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center), MHMH (Mary Hitchcock Memorial Hospital), and DC (Dartmouth College). The opinions of contributors do not necessarily reflect those of DMS or DHMC.
"We're big on being green"
By Dana Cook Grossman
"The long goodbye"
By Sherry A. Guardino, D.O.
"Word-perfect"
By Athos Rassias, M.D.
"Striking matches"
By Sarah Dotters-Katz
"Small foundations, big impacts"
By Kate Villars
"Brian Lacy, M.D., Ph.D.: Dr. Nice Guy"
"Judith Chamberlain, M.D., '77: All in the family"—By Jennifer Durgin
"Bragg Hill"
By Henry Isaacs
If you'd like to offer feedback about Dartmouth Medicine, we'd welcome getting your comments at DartMed@Dartmouth.edu.
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China's Smog, and Pennsylvania's
Here is a set of stunning pictures of the smog in China, from The Atlantic.
The NY Times also had an article, saying factories were being shut down and some government vehicles being being taken off the road.
The other day after lunch at a Chinese restaurant, I saw an elderly Chinese man leaving by putting a mask on his face. There was a slight temperature inversion here with some gray and freezing fog (smog?), but it didn't seem especially bad to me.
A few days ago I was reading about the smog in China, and came across the story of the Donora Smog. Since I grew up a few dozen miles from there, but had never heard of this incident, I was intrigued.
It happened in 1948 -- a smog episode in the town of Donora, PA in western Pennsylvania. The smog was so bad people could not leave the town because they couldn't see far enough ahead of them to make it out.
Read that again. People couldn't see far enough ahead of them to escape town.
In a town of 14,000, it killed 20 people and sickened 7,000. It was, of course, caused by pollution from the town's steel and zinc mills, which was trapped by a temperature inversion. Despite pleading, the factories at first refused to close their factories.
On October 27, 1948, thick, opaque smog began to cover the small, flat river town. "You couldn't see your hand in front of your face," said resident Bill Schempp in a 1998 Tribune-Review article by Lynne Glover. Schempp described the scene as something "out of this world." He would recall to David Templeton in the Pittsburgh Post-Gazette that "if you chewed [the air] hard enough, you could swallow it."
Those who tried to escape found their attempts futile. Devra Davis, author of When Smoke Ran Like Water and epidemiologist, toxicologist and air pollution expert, said that those who tried to escape could not because they could not see through the smog while driving. This occurred even when the town kept its streetlights on during the day in an effort to combat the problem. The dense fog had the residents trapped in the small town, and they had no choice but to ride it out.
This was the most serious episode of air pollution in US history, and it, with the London Smog of 1952 (4,000 dead; or was it 12,000?), lead to the movement for clean air.
The Madness of People
"I can calculate the motions of heavenly bodies, but not the madness of people."
-- Isaac Newton, after losing most of his money in the South Sea Company stock bubble of the early 18th century
Posted by David Appell at 1/31/2013 10:17:00 AM 0 comments Links to this post
The Cost of Pilot Lights
Because I don't like getting my head blown off, I've always avoided pilot lights on gas stoves and such (it's the same reason I avoid fireworks as well), which was a problem when I was a kid because for awhile we had a stove with a finicky light, and I wouldn't help my mother get it back on. (My little brother stepped up to the task.) And I'm not "handy," as they say, and I didn't even know that pilot lights went away about 20 years ago, which is what the guy who came to service my gas furnace told me today. Now they have a ceramic heater that is switched on by electricity, heats up to 1200 °F, which then ignites the flow of gas. Not sure if that'd work for a gas stove where you want a flame immediately, but anyway, he told me it wasn't a safety feature but a change made for efficiency -- it costs $9.50/month for the gas to keep a pilot light lit. I'm don't know if that's now or 20 years ago, but I'm surprised either way, and never realized pilot lights consumed that much gas. My gas bill for January was $42, so that'd be a substantial fraction. For November it was only $13, so a pilot light might have nearly doubled that. Thus does energy efficiency happen.
When Journalism Becomes Linkalism
Via Portlandia:
Where the Heat Went
A commenter here makes a good point: there has been more heat going into the top 700 meters of the ocean in the last 16 years then there were in the previous 16 years. Here's a graph:
(Data here.) If all of the ~ 9 × 1022 J that has gone into the top part of the ocean in the last 16 years had gone instead, say, into the atmosphere, it would have warmed it by roughly ~ 7°C.
(Mass atmosphere = 5 x 1018 kg, specific heat ~ 1000 J/kgK, ignoring variations with pressure and temperature and all that -- this is just a back of the envelope number, and a small envelope at that. Of course, all the extra heat wouldn't go into the atmosphere, but this illustrates how much extra heat is in the system, and how much atmospheric heating can be lost when the ocean warms.)
"Faith is a Padlock of the Mind"
"Faith is a padlock of the mind, and few keys can open it."
-- Jerry Coyne, evolutionary biologist, in a post about anti-evolution efforts in Texas.
Scientists' Dueling Letters to the Editor Re: Warming
In dueling letters in the Oregonian, scientist David Douglass of the University of Rochester responds to Andreas Schmittner's letter to Gordon Fulks op-ed:
Schmittner is wrong when he says that the statement "global temperatures have not risen during the past 15 years" is not true. Most climate scientists agree that that the earth has not warmed during the past 15 years.
Douglass is simply wrong -- the ocean has warmed strongly in that time, according to NOAA data:
This means the top half of the ocean has warmed by about 0.8 × 1022 J/yr, or an average of 250 terawatts (TW). Divided over the entire Earth's surface (viz. assuming all the extra heat goes into the ocean) it comes to an average of 0.5 W/m2. That's a lot of warming.
The two-dimensional surface of a planet with a thin gas above it is about the worst place to look for the kind of energy imbalance that additional greenhouse gases create. The oceans have a heat capacity (mass × specific heat) about 1,000 times that of the atmosphere.
Think of it this way: Imagine you have a children's swimming pool with a strong light shining down on it, with a rock in the middle of the pool that sticks above the surface.
Now you want to know, is the light above getting more intense?
Where are you going to look? Are you going to set your thermometer a few millimeters just above the surface of the rock, and see if the temperature there is changing?
Or are you going to stick your thermometer in the water and see if that's changing.
You will, of course, stick it in the water. The rock is close to the water so swirls in the water near the rock can affect the temperature you measure there, and winds carry heat to and from the oceans, etc. No one would dream of measuring just above the rock (though you'd surely start there, because you don't want to get your feet wet).
Of course, we live on such a rock, and that's ultimately the temperature we care about. But anyone would certainly expect, in the children's swimming pool, that if you measure the water warming up, the thin layer of air just above the rock is eventually going to warm up too.
It's no different. The surface is subject to natural variations, and choosing 15 years is a cherry pick. (Why not choose 12? Or 18? Or 30?)
Not to mention, there has been surface warming in the last 15 years. It's just that it hasn't risen above its statistical uncertainty by the canonical 2-sigma.
HadCRUT4's 15-yr trend is, from the SkS trend calculation, 0.098 ± 0.143 °C/decade (2σ). That's a positive trend, i.e warming, and statistically significant at the 83% confidence level. But note that it would have to be above 0.14 °C/decade to be statistically significant at the 95% confidence level, and that's not always going to be the case for short time intervals. Sometimes it will be even stronger, like the period 1975-1998. But picking that period would be cherry picking, too.
Unless temperature increases monotonically upward, with, say, each month 0.001 °C warmer than the month before, contrarians will always be able to find some period where warming is less than 2σ (95%) significant. If it's not 15 years it will be 12 years or 7 years or something. So this game is about all they have left to rely on.
And you can bet than when the next El Nino comes and surface temperatures shoot up, they will be crying that the increased trend isn't a proper measure because it cherry picks the last few years. Bet on it.
Is the Future "Bleak?"
An editorial in the Washington Post by World Bank president Jim Yong Kim means well -- but unfortunately he writes sentences like this:
If there is no action soon, the future will become bleak.
First of all, who really believes the World Bank does anything but represent the interests of the status quo? And the status quo means fossil fuels....
But more to the point, there is no sharp transition where before it the future is sunny, and after it the future is "bleak." It's a continuum, as far as anyone really knows (no, "tipping points" are a very vague science with little to substantiate them. They may be out there, but no one knows where or when.)
I have on my book shelf a book titled Seven Years to Save the Planet: The Questions and Answers, by Bill McGuire.
It was published in 2008. Do I really think that after 2015 comes and goes -- 2+ years from now -- it will all be too late, that the planet will not be salvagable at that point?
No, I don't. Equally, I do not think Jim Yong Kim knows that the future will be "bleak" if we don't act "soon."
We should act soon, but it's very likely we will not. That will be problematic, but the worst thing we can to is tell today's children that their teens and 20s and 30s will be "bleak" because we didn't act by 2015.
The world isn't going to collapse anytime soon, people will get by as they have always found a way to get by, limping and bitching all the way, probably with even more problems than their parents and grandparents, but then there seems no end of problems even if climate change wasn't happening.... but labeling the future "bleak" is false, wrong, and most of all, useless. Because we all have to live there whether we like it or not.
How They Lie (George Will edition)
In "Recipe for conservative revival," George Will writes,
He [Obama] says that “the threat of climate change” is apparent in “raging fires,” “crippling drought” and “more powerful storms.” Are fires raging now more than ever? (There were a third fewer U.S. wildfires in 2012 than in 2006.)
By now, I hope, you know the denialist's game: cherry pick a year and ignore trends.
Here is the annual data for U.S. acreage burned, from the National Interagency Fire Center:
Notice any trend?
Notice why George Will might have picked 2006 at his year for comparison??
At least, I guess, it keeps you on the Sunday talk shows. For some reason.
Where the (Federal) Money Went
In today's column, Paul Krugman said that the current high federal budget deficit is due to the financial crisis -- specifically lower federal receipts and higher spending on unemployment insurance.
The truth is that the budget deficits of the past four years were mainly a temporary consequence of the financial crisis, which sent the economy into a tailspin — and which, therefore, led both to low tax receipts and to a rise in unemployment benefits and other government expenses. It should have been obvious that the deficit would come down as the economy recovered. But this point was hard to get across until deficit reduction started appearing in the data.
This seemed unlikely to me, but you know, he's right.
Here are federal receipts:
Peak-to-trough the decline was $460 B. And here's unemployment payments:
Trough-to-peak the difference was $130 B.
Adding them makes a budget change of $590 B, which if you subtract from today's deficit of $1.2 T gives about $600 B, not a lot higher than what Bush had it up (well, down) to, about $400 B):
On a per capita, inflation-adjusted basis, total government spending (federal + state + local) has decreased 5.9% in the last 9 quarters.
Via Why Evolution is True. Several more here, for sale on t-shirts, all just as good:
Today's Sea Level Stupidity: Las Vegas Review-Journal
An editorial in the Las Vegas Review-Journal, trying to argue against action on climate change, writes:
"Ocean levels are not rising."
Really? Is that so difficult for a newspaper writer to check?
Dumb.
No: dishonest.
More Gordon Fulks (PhD) Shenanigans
Here more suspicious science from Oregon contrarian Gordon Fulks PhD Physics: In Jan 2012 he gave a talk at a meeting of the Oregon Meteorological Society. (XXX). His slides include this one on sea level:
which is strange: His talk was given in early 2012, so why does the data stop in early 2008? CU's data usually of less than 6 months....
No one, of course, should be surprised at the answer: the data after Fulks' cutoff did not fit his denier storyline, having continued on its long-term trend:
He also choose data that didn't apply an inverse barometer correction (which accounts for changes in sea level height from changes in air pressure), which can have a short-term effect but doesn't affect long-term trends.
Folks like Fulks PhD Physics aren't interested in a real exploration of the data and the science. They get up every morning thinking only of how they can cram it into their chosen position.
Theory and Practice
"In theory there is no difference between theory and practice. In practice there is."
-- Yogi Berra
Another Contrarian Wrong About Sea Level
Here's another instance, from Willis Eschenbach, where a contrarian was oh-so-sure that sea level really was plummeting and that NASA's explanation had to be wrong:
The sea level was going up at about 3 mm per year. In the last year it fell about 6 mm. So that’s a change of about a centimetre of water that NASA says has fallen on land and been absorbed rather than returned to the ocean. But of course, the land is much smaller than the ocean … so for the ocean to change by a centimetre, the land has to change about 2.3 cm.
To do that, the above map would have to average a medium blue well up the scale … and it’s obvious from the map that there’s no way that’s happening. So I hate to say this, but their explanation doesn’t ... hold water ...
As far as I can tell, no correction (let alone rethinking) has come forth.
Gordon Fulks PhD Physics, Gets Smacked
Oregon climate change skeptic denier had an op-ed in the Oregonian the other day, "The changing climate of climate change." It contains the usual distortions
The evidence causing great grief is the refusal of the global temperature to increase for the past 15 years. It sloshes back and forth as one would expect on a planet with vast oceans and atmosphere that are never in equilibrium, but does not warm as some claimed it would with slowly increasing atmospheric carbon dioxide. Consequently, cracks are developing in the scientific facade supporting the dogma.
and the usual histrionics
Reading the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences is much like reading Pravda during the Cold War: You do not look for beliefs, but for hints of change.
ending with the usual bullshit
Although the public has little knowledge of science and too easily falls for scams, scientists know that they cannot hold onto theories in the face of contravening evidence, even with vast government largess hanging in the balance. Those who have struck a Faustian bargain are beginning to worry that the devil may one day come to collect.
Today's paper has a letter from Oregon State University climate scientist Andreas Schmittner that gives Fulks a failing grade in science:
As a climate scientist who actively works and publishes in this field, I know what most of my colleagues also know. Temperatures and sea levels are rising, glaciers and sea ice are melting, and man-made greenhouse gases are to blame.
Gordon Fulks, however, in his Jan. 20 column ("The changing climate of climate change"), disagrees. Can he be right? Let's examine his arguments.
Fulks claims that global temperatures have not risen during the past 15 years. This is not true. Most heat trapped by carbon dioxide and other gases added to the atmosphere is absorbed by the oceans, as clearly seen in measurements available at the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration website. Could the warming observed during the past 100 years be from heat that "sloshes back and forth" between the oceans and the atmosphere, as Fulks claims, or changes in the sun? No.
Even former climate skeptic Richard Muller, who has recently re-examined the surface temperature measurements, comes to the same conclusions as other climate scientists before him: Humans are the main cause.
Fulks flunks climate science. He cherry-picks information that supports his conclusion and ignores the rest. That's not science. Could it be that Fulks is right and a new ice age is imminent and all the academies of sciences that predict further warming are wrong? Of course.
But it is similarly unlikely that smoking is healthy and all medical associations are conspiring to fool you with their "radical" views on tobacco.
ANDREAS SCHMITTNER
Schmittner is an associate professor in Oregon State University's College of Earth, Ocean, and Atmospheric Sciences.
Schmittner is a climate modeler, and the lead author of this 2011 paper in Science that combined paleoclimate data with a climate model and found a lower than usual value (2.3 K) for climate sensitivity, with a lower uncertainty range (1.7 - 2.6 K, with 66% probability).
There are several other letters in the paper, too, none of them in support.
You really have to wonder why a paper like the Oregonian keeps publishing this kind of stuff. My theory is that it attracts a lot of traffic from debating commenters (so far, 233 on the original article), but maybe I'm just cynical.
Oh yeah -- Fulks wants you to know he has a doctorate in physics. He really wants you to remember that, even announcing it before he asked a question at a seminar (who does that kind of thing?), though there's no evidence he has legally changed his name (yet) to "Gordon Fulks PhD Physics."
"The South has decided to be defeated and dumb."
Garry Wills in The New York Review of Books:
But the current South is willing to cut off its own nose to show contempt for the government. Governor Rick Scott of Florida turned down more than $2 billion in federal funds for a high-speed rail system in Florida that would have created jobs and millions of dollars in revenues, just to show he was independent of the hated federal government. In this mood, his forebears would have turned down TVA. People across the South are going even farther than Scott, begging to secede again from the Union. Packer notes that the tea is cooling in parties across the rest of the nation, but seems to be fermenting to a more toxic brew in the South. No one needs better health care more than the South, but it fights it off so long as Obama is offering it, its governors turning down funds for Medicaid. This is a region that rejects sex education, though its rate of teenage pregnancies is double and in places triple that of New England. It fights federal help with education, preferring to inoculate its children against science by denying evolution.
No part of the country will suffer the effects of global warming earlier or with more devastation than the South, yet its politicians resist measures to curb carbon emissions and deny the very existence of climate change—sending it to the dungeon with evolution and biblical errancy. One doesn’t need much imagination to see the South with lowered or swollen waters in its rivers and ports, raging kudzu, swarming mosquitos, and record-breaking high temperatures, still telling itself that global-warming talk is just a liberal conspiracy. But it just digs deeper in denial. The South has decided to be defeated and dumb.
He ends with:
This is the thing that makes the South the distillation point for all the fugitive extremisms of our time, the heart of Say-No Republicanism, the home of lost causes and nostalgic lunacy. It is as if the whole continent were tipped upward, so that the scattered crazinesses might slide down to the bottom. The South has often been defeated. Now it is defeating itself.
Gerrymandering: "Affirmative Action for Politicians"
From a great comment on Krugman's blog:
"Republicans now must rely entirely on affirmative action for politicians, i.e., gerrymandering, to keep themselves in the game."
(Republicans kept control of the House of Representatives, even though they collectively received about 1 million fewer votes than Democratic candidates in November.)
An Upward Spike in Sea Level
Sea level has risen about 18 mm in the last 12 months, and is now above its 20-year linear trend, according to data the CU Sea Level Research Group released today:
And, it's another indication that, whatever's going on with surface temperatures, the big massive ocean is warming and, hence, expanding upward. (Roger Pielke Sr, among many others, emphasized this: "...the importance of monitoring the variability and trends of ocean heat content as the most appropriate and accurate way to assess global warming and cooling (i.e., the radiative imbalance of the global climate system)."
Back during the 2011 sea level dip, scientists were saying that the El Nino-to-La Nina had put a lot of water (via rainfall) onto land, and it would drain off in a year or so and sea level rise would be back on track. Some tried to pretend otherwise. Guess who was right.
Here's NASA's Josh Willis talking about the dip in sea level just over a year ago, and saying it was unlikely to continue:
As he says at the end, "the long-term outlook is definitely one of rising sea level and global warming." Don't bet against it.
True (and Funny) Facts About the Seahorse
From Ze Frank, via Why Evolution is True:
Rick Perry: Praying Yet Again
Some people choose to wallow in complete ignorance:
Gov. Rick Perry recommended prayer rather than changes in gun laws to combat violence in society, following President Obama’s call for increased gun control and enforcement.
Just a year and a half ago, Rick Perry prayed for rain:
“Now, therefore, I, Rick Perry, Governor of Texas, under the authority vested in me by the Constitution and Statutes of the State of Texas, do hereby proclaim the three-day period from Friday, April 22, 2011, to Sunday, April 24, 2011, as Days of Prayer for Rain in the State of Texas.”
And how did that work out? Not at all, of course -- 2012 was as a drought year in Texas.
How can a huge, entire state not laugh this man out of office??
Mendeleev's Predictions
I am a big fan of predictions -- especially mathematically accurate predictions like Einstein's result for the anomalous perihelion shift of Mercury, or Schwinger's prediction of the electron anomalous magnetic moment (g-2 ≈ α/π) -- or even QCD's prediction for the muon capture rate by protons, which was recently confirmed -- but Mendeleev didn't do so bad either:
Exaggerating the Effects of Climate Change
While I defer to no one about the long-term threat of climate change if CO2 emissions aren't curtailed, this is ridiculous:
"Climate change affects everything that you do," said report co-author Susan Cutter, director of the Hazards and Vulnerability Research Institute at the University of South Carolina. "It affects where you live, where you work and where you play and the infrastructure that you need to do all these things. It's more than just the polar bears."
Frankly, I can't think of a single instance in my entire lifetime where I considered climate change in any of my decisions about anything. Anything.
Granted, I now live in Oregon, which has a two-season mild (and boring) climate which escaped last year's big eastern heat wave. And someday the declining snowpack here will be a problem. But I've lived in Arizona, where it once got so hot (122°F) they closed the airport because they didn't have charts on the performance of planes above 120. I've lived in New Mexico, where it got hot but, frankly, my bigger problem was riding my bike to school in the early 20°F mornings in their dry, cold air. I've lived in New Hampshire, where I put a crack in windshield trying to hack off a thick inch of ice, and once had to shovel out four 3-ft snowfalls in the month of March.
But it was New Hampshire. I certainly didn't blame it on climate change, and actually I kind of liked all that snow.
If you're not a well-to-do American, a relatively impoverished person living near the equator in a developing country, climate change can already be a problem. And it's going to be a problem for everyone if CO2 emissions keep increasing exponentially, as they are.
But it's just not a problem now, in the United States, for most people. It just isn't. Maybe if you're a midwestern farmer affected by the drought -- but then, you get compensated handily for it. It costs the country a little bit, less than what falls in between our couch cushions. It might have cost some people a little extra for Hurricane Sandy, maybe 10%, but there have been big storms up the east coast in the past and will be more in the future, even if the climate change doesn't change.
It's going to be a big problem, and how do you get people interested in what's to come? I don't know, but if they're too dumb to understand (or accept) the science, they'll pay for their stupidity, as will those who come after them. But it's not now a big problem, certainly not to the extent of Cutter's quote above, and exaggerating does more harm than it helps.
To my mind, one exaggeration like that can undo all the good, thousands of hours of work by all the scientists who carefully and meticulously write assessment reports and try to accurately portray the science. Which is really a shame.
Drought Cost: $5.20 per ton of CO2
NY Times:
The worst drought in 50 years could leave taxpayers with a record bill of nearly $16 billion in crop insurance costs because of poor yields....
Separately, a record $11.4 billion in indemnities for crop losses has been paid out to farmers, and officials say that number could balloon to as much as $20 billion.
Given U.S. emissions, that works out to $5.20 per ton of CO2.
I'm just sayin'.
Amazing Solar Eruption
From NASA:
Swimming Through Beijing
Some incredible air pollution in Beijing:
Kottke has pictures of the CCTV building in Beijing, taken two days apart that are equally frightening.
Ocean Weather
Here is a nice (and useful) description of decadal climate variability as "ocean weather," by the Met Office:
There are strong analogies between weather forecasting for a few days ahead and longer-term decadal forecasts for the next few years. When we make a weather forecast we are predicting what the likely evolution of the atmospheric circulation will be over the next few days; when we make a decadal forecast we are essentially predicting ocean 'weather' - in other words how the oceanic circulation will evolve over the next few years and its subsequent impact on the atmosphere. The different timescales for these forecasts reflects the differences in density and thermal capacity noted above.
Given that, their ensemble prediction (10 individual forecasts) for the rest of this decade is:
In other words, the change in average global surface temperature is forecast to be ±0.2°C by the end of the decade. That is, noise and thermal inertia pretty much precludes making a climatological meaningful forecast on such a short time scale.
I wish this was the last time any of us had to write that, but surely it won't be.
The rest of their article -- about testing their predictions, and about warming over the next 5-10 years, is worth reading too. They conclude:
The latest decadal forecast, issued in December 2012, show that the Earth is expected to maintain the record warmth that has been observed over the last decade, and furthermore a substantial proportion of the forecasts show that new record global temperatures may be reached in the next 5 years.
That should keep the David Rose's of the world employed for a few more years, at least.
Carbon Tax: Australians Losing Interest?
Australians may be losing interest in their carbon tax -- or at least
griping about it. The Australian reports:
THE number of complaints from consumers about the federal government's carbon tax dropped dramatically in the last three months, according to consumer watchdog figures.
The Australian reports that data obtained from the Australian Competition and Consumer Commission (ACCC) shows it received just three complaints a day about the tax between October and January.
That compares with 10 to 15 complaints at the beginning of October, and 60 complaints a day in the Gillard government's first 100 days in office, the newspaper reports.
The figures reportedly show that complaints related to the tax now make up just one per cent of total complaints received by the ACCC.
Maybe that it's just that their world hasn't come to an end with enactment of the tax, despite predictions.
There is some talk of a tax here in the Pacific Northwest, where state transportation people are worried that electric cars aren't paying their fair share of road upkeep from gas taxes. British Columbia has had a carbon tax for four years:
British Columbia collects about $1 billion each year from its carbon tax. The downside? Heating prices went up and gas is up 30 cents per gallon (or about 7 cents per liter). But the government takes the carbon tax revenue and then turns around and puts it towards lowering the income and corporate tax rates, as well as providing targeted rebates for low-income and rural citizens.
Slowly but surely, a Pigovian carbon tax is coming everyone's way.... and perhaps someday people will wonder why there was ever any other kind of tax.
Cynicism Re: Mark Lynas
Ted Worstall at Forbes.com also takes Mark Lynas to task, and adds:
I have to admit that the cynic in me is concentrating upon this part:
"I published my first book on global warming in 2004,"
Which means that someone wishing to publish another book in the near future will need to have changed his public views in order to have something different to say in the new book. But that is me being horribly cynical.
Time will tell, but would you bet against it?
Vikings, Greenland, and the Medieval Warm Period
The standard story is that the Vikings, ferocious warriors all, settled in Greenland during the balmy Medieval Warm Period, and then bailed when the MWP ended and the weather turned colder.
Maybe not.
As der Spiegel reports, they might just have gotten homesick -- too isolated from trade, too far from home:
The descendants of the Vikings had persevered in their North Atlantic outpost for almost 500 years, from the end of the 10th century until the mid-15th century. The Medieval Warm Period had made it possible for settlers from Norway, Iceland and Denmark to live on hundreds of scattered farms along the protected fjords, where they built dozens of churches and even had bishops.
Their disappearance remains a mystery to this day. Until now, many experts had assumed that the cooling of the climate and the resulting crop failures and famines had ushered in the end of the Scandinavian colony. But now a Danish-Canadian team of scientists believes that it can refute this theory of decline.
These scientists looked at the bones left on Greenland -- of the human inhabitants, of their lifestock, and of what they fished.
They found that, when the warming ended, the Vikings quickly turned to seafood, especially seals. Which makes sense -- no one's going to just starve to death, especially hard-assed warrior types.
The rest of the story seems more speculative, but plausible:
The scientists suspect that a combination of causes made life there unbearable for the Scandinavian immigrants. For instance, there was hardly any demand anymore for walrus tusks and seal skins, the colony's most important export items. What's more, by the mid-14th century, regular ship traffic with Norway and Iceland had ceased.
As a result, Greenland's residents were increasingly isolated from their mother countries. Although they urgently needed building lumber and iron tools, they could now only get their hands on them sporadically. "It became more and more difficult for the Greenlanders to attract merchants from Europe to the island," speculates Jette Arneborg, an archeologist at the National Museum of Denmark, in Copenhagen. "But, without trade, they couldn't survive in the long run."
The settlers were probably also worried about the increasing loss of their Scandinavian identity. They saw themselves as farmers and ranchers rather than fishermen and hunters. Their social status depended on the land and livestock they owned, but it was precisely these things that could no longer help them produce what they needed to survive.
In the end, the inhabitants of Greenland just might have seen no future for themselves there, and returned "home." The lack of valuable tchotchkes suggests the departure was orderly, and not the result of disease or calamity, which you would expect if the climate were failing.
The great thing about history is that is it always more complex than we assume. This seems like another example that proves that rule.
The Feline BOX Gene
Via Why Evolution is True
Bargaining With the Horse
Via Why Evolution is True:
"There is no harmony between religion and science. When science was a child, religion sought to strangle it in the cradle. Now that science has attained its youth, and superstition is in its dotage, the trembling, palsied wreck says to the athlete: “Let us be friends.” It reminds me of the bargain the cock wished to make with the horse: “Let us agree not to step on each other’s feet.”
-- Robert Ingersoll
There's a new book coming out that looks good: The Great Agnostic: Robert Ingersoll and American Freethought, by Susan Jacoby.
Another Review of "The Eskimo and the Oil Man"
Awhile back I discussed, positively, Bob Reiss's book The Eskimo and the Oil Man. Chris Winter, a reader here, wrote his own review recently, and liked it as much:
"I recommend The Eskimo and the Oil Man with full marks and consider it a keeper. That said, however, I feel the author focuses too narrowly on Shell's representative Pete Slaiby. I have no doubt Slaiby is a good man, but his opinion on the concern for safety of the oil industry in general is suspect at best."
He also writes, "I'll simply point out that, in the Arctic, Shell has performed poorly over the past two summers. It is not ready to begin drilling." Not only that, but Shell is having lots of problems with an towed drilling platform that has run aground south of Alaska. (Video here.) That's probably undoing much of the good word Slaiby has been working to gain in the the last several years. The platform is south of Alaska, but you have to wonder how, if they can't control a smaller platform there, they could handle a larger problem much further north in (now) total darkness.
Shell will probably eventually get its way on being allowed to drill in the Arctic, if it wants to -- it's hard to see the U.S. and Alaskan governments simply saying "no" -- unless they quit first because of the cost. So far they've spent about $4.5 billion.
Chris also has a review of Michael Specter's Denialism, which I mentioned earlier and am still working through.
Big Earthquake in southeastern Alaska
-------- Original Message --------
2013-01-05 08:58:19 UPDATED: (Mwp 7.7) SOUTHEASTERN ALASKA 55.3 -134.7 (2b02a)
Sat, 5 Jan 2013 09:11:22 +0000 (UTC)
ens@usgs.gov (USGS ENS)
<ens@usgs.gov>
7.7 Mwp - SOUTHEASTERN ALASKA
Magnitude 7.7 Mwp
4 Jan 2013 23:58:19 near epicenter
5 Jan 2013 00:58:19 standard time in your timezone
Location 55.292N 134.728W
101 km (63 miles) SW (221 degrees) of Edna Bay, AK
102 km (64 miles) W (259 degrees) of Craig, AK
106 km (66 miles) S (182 degrees) of Port Alexander, AK
1032 km (641 miles) NW (315 degrees) of Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
Location Uncertainty Horizontal: 12.3 km; Vertical 4.4 km
Parameters Nph = 362; Dmin = 103.9 km; Rmss = 1.14 seconds; Gp = 129°
M-type = Mwp; Version = 7
Event ID us c000ejqv ***This event supersedes event PT13005000.
For updates, maps, and technical information, see:
USGS Earthquake Hazards Program
National Earthquake Information Center
http://earthquake.usgs.gov/regional/neic/
Mark Lynas: Worse Than Tuskegee?
Wow. Mark Lynas, science journalist, has just admitted that he hasn't respected science.
Lynas is author of, among other works, Six Degrees: Our Future on a Hotter Planet. It has gotten a lot of acclaim -- even David Archer recommended it in his U Chicago lectures on climate science -- but now you have to wonder.
Lynas just admitted he was wrong about GMOs -- genetically modified organisms. At a lecture to the Oxford Farming Conference yesterday, he said:
"I want to start with some apologies. For the record, here and upfront, I apologise for having spent several years ripping up GM crops. I am also sorry that I helped to start the anti-GM movement back in the mid 1990s, and that I thereby assisted in demonising an important technological option which can be used to benefit the environment."
A brave admission, you say? Not so fast, I say. That demonization, by no means limited to Lynas, has done great damage over the years. It has even convinced African governments not to accept GMO imports to feed their starving people -- food that you and I eat every day -- and how much worse, morally, can you get than that?
There has never been scientific proof that GMOs are harmful -- ever. The Pustzai experiment was clearly a crappy one, with bad methodology, and showed nothing.
Between Armad Pustzai and Anthony Wakefield, has any country ever done more scientific damage in a few short years?
Almost a decade ago I went to a conference for science journalists at Cornell, where their biologists tried to explain to us how GMOs were little different from conventional cross-breeding.
Most of us got it, but there were a couple of liberal (excuse me -- "progressive") writers for places like In These Times who insisted on finding faults.
I never wrote much about GMOs -- I queried Wired about writing on the moral failings of NGOs in Africa, and got sent to a conference of anti-GM activists in Kentucky, but my article go watered down to a "Why GM Food Could Start a Trade War" -- my fault as much as theirs.
I didn't write much more about GMOs after that, and instead turned to climate change. But my opinion about GMOs never changed: if you can still stomach this controversy, I would recommend you read Pandora's Picnic Basket by Alan McHughen, which is the best, most scientifically inclusive presentation I've read so far.
Keith Kloor has recently explained it well: there is just no scientific basis for opposing GMOs.
And there never has been. How people like Mark Lynas never saw that, I don't know. Frankly, I think it's because he is more of an activist than a science journalist, and that is dangerous -- and it immediately makes his writing on climate change suspect, too, no matter how much you or I might like it.
In my opinion, the damage done by the likes of Lynas and sympathetic NGOs is an ethical travesty, worse than what the US government did in Tuskegee. African governments have turned down food that you and I eat on a daily basis -- almost all processed food you buy in an U.S. grocery store contains GM ingredients, particularly soy and corn. (About 5 years ago, on a lark, I went to a grocery store manager in Portland and asked him if his store sold any genetically modified ingredients. No, he said. I knew he was clearly wrong, but was just testing.)
A quick little apology isn't going to cut it here. Lynas ought to be drummed out of the profession of science journalism.
Remaking "Cosmos" (Ugh)
Apparently they are going to remake Cosmos -- the heralded television series hosted by Carl Sagan, who was infamous for his talk about "billions and billions," but which actually did a damn good job of popularizing science -- with Neil deGrasse Tyson as host.
That's like remaking Citizen Kane -- it can't be done, and should never be attempted.
But it seems Tyson (deGrasse Tyson?) is more interested in being popular than being scientific. He just told the Columbia Journalism Review:
"I tweet random thoughts I have. I don’t have a lesson plan. In fact, people say, ‘Can you tell me the latest on this discovery?’, and it’s like, no, that’s not why I’m tweeting. I occasionally will reflect on a discovery, but I’m not your news service. The 140 characters are giving you access to how my brain is wired in any day of my life, how I see things."
This is disappointing. Science is the antithesis of Twitter-thinking -- it requires deep thinking about all the angles. And, when you're done, thinking about it all over again.
Ray Pierrehumbert put it well on the dedication page of his textbook Principles of Planetary Climate -- "For Arnold E Ross, who taught us to think deeply of simple things."
Tyson ought to be explaining how science requires such thinking, good and deep thinking, which is never done in X numbers of characters.
This is an opportunity missed.
Wind Energy Tax Credits Extended
By the way, the fiscal cliff legislation just passed includes an extension of the wind energy tax credit -- "a tax credit of 2.2 cents/kWh that is applicable to power generated from wind farms for the first 10 years from the start of operation."
It also a total of $76 B in corporate tax credits, so they'll be no whining about special green energy boondoggles....
General Electric and Citigroup, for instance, hired Breaux and Lott to extend a tax provision that allows multinational corporations to defer U.S. taxes by moving profits into offshore financial subsidiaries. This provision -- known as the "active financing exception" -- is the main tool GE uses to avoid nearly all U.S. corporate income tax.
Liquor giant Diageo also retained Breaux and Lott to win extensions on two provisions benefitting rum-making in Puerto Rico. (Washington Examiner)
These days our entire government is a boondoggle.
Bus Crashes and Seat Belts
A bus crash in eastern Oregon just killed 9 people and injured many others, after running off the snowy highway and rolling 200 feet down a steep embankment. It sounds terrifying(*).
Why don't buses have seat belts? The driver of the bus had a seat belt (he survived). What about everyone else? What about school buses?
This article in Business Insider says it's mostly the cost. With high, padded seatbacks close together, riders are consider to be "compartmentalized" (and apparently they don't consider kids able to use seat belts properly - really?). And they're just not cost effective, it reports:
A study done by the Alabama State Department of Education found that it would cost between $32 and $38 million to install seat belts on all the state's [school] buses, while only saving one life....
The federal government only requires seat belts in small buses that weigh less than 10,000 pounds where having a seat belt would affect safety.
The greatest risk isn't riding the bus to school, it's approaching and leaving the bus, according to the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration.
But what about private buses? Why can't they at least give passengers the option? The cost?
This article says 6 states now require seat belts on school buses.
I know from my own days of riding a school bus -- an hour each way up until grade 9 -- that kids don't sit still on the bus. Or, at least, we were allowed to get away with not sitting still. But adults on a charter bus can sit still.
Now I am going to wonder/worry about this the next time I ride a bus.
(*) I drove through there when I moved to Oregon. It was January, and the only place I encountered snow was the Blue Mountains in eastern Oregon, and it was fairly serious. Coming down out of there to Pendleton -- the area where this bus crashed -- is pretty hairy.
Greatness Achieved, Darkness Defeated
Knock, Knock by Band of Horses:
Scientists' Dueling Letters to the Editor Re: Warm...
Today's Sea Level Stupidity: Las Vegas Review-Jour...
Gerrymandering: "Affirmative Action for Politician...
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Chapter 26: Designing Hosted and Cloud Services
For more details of the topics covered in this guide, see Contents of the Guide.
Benefits of Cloud Applications
Design Issues
Relevant Design Patterns
This chapter looks at the new and emerging technologies and approaches for building and consuming services and applications that are hosted remotely. These kinds of services and applications are accessed over the Internet and run in what is usually termed the cloud, hence the commonly used description cloud computing. Cloud solution hosters and vendors will generally provide prebuilt service applications with varying levels of configurability and customization. Alternatively, you may prefer to create your own application in-house and host it either internally on your own systems, or externally in the cloud at a hosting provider.
The concept of building or consuming services and applications that are hosted off-premises is becoming more attractive both to independent software vendors (ISVs) and to enterprises as a way to reduce costs, maximize efficiency, and extend capabilities. This chapter will help you to understand the nature and use of cloud-hosted services and applications. It describes the benefits and the typical design issues, and the constraints and technology considerations often encountered when building and consuming these kinds of applications.
In many ways, cloud computing represents the converging evolution of computing infrastructure and application models for building and consuming scalable distributed solutions. As techniques for building these kinds of applications have advanced, so too have the capabilities of the infrastructure on which they run. This synergistic evolution allows the infrastructure to be provisioned and maintained largely independently of the applications that it hosts. This in turn allows applications to take advantage of supporting infrastructure services and capabilities while they focus on their specific business functionality.
Many organizations have been able to realize the joint benefits of scalable application models and supporting infrastructure internally on-premises in their own data centers. However, it is the ability to leverage an off-premises outsourced application hosting infrastructure that is behind much of the excitement around cloud computing. The infrastructure provider focuses on hardware, networking, power, cooling, and the operating environment that supports application manageability, reliability, and scalability; leaving the organization free to focus on their application's business functionality. This provides many benefits in terms of reduced capital outlay and operating costs; and increased capacity, scalability and availability.
To leverage these benefits, cloud-hosted applications typically must be architected to follow a specific application model. This allows the cloud-hosting provider to generalize and optimize their operating environment support for application manageability, reliability, or scalability.
Different cloud-hosting providers have different application model requirements. Some adopt a virtual machine approach, where the application is developed and packaged along with its operating system image and the dependent runtime frameworks. Others utilize an application model that provides higher level abstractions for data access and storage (as described later in this chapter), and for computation and communication. Still others provide higher level application models based on highly configurable applications that focus on specific vertical application functionality, such as Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) or Customer Relationship Management (CRM). Each of these approaches provides distinct advantages and disadvantages.
Furthermore, some off-premises hosted applications are self-contained and designed for users who interact with the application through a dedicated UI. Some of these applications are service-enabled, and provide both a UI and expose their functionality through an API (often exposed through standards such as REST or SOAP) so that they can be integrated into other applications, which themselves can be hosted either on-premises or off-premises. Some off-premises hosted services are specifically designed to provide functionality for integration into other applications, and provide no UI at all.
Cloud-based services generally fall into categories such as storage/compute, business services, and retail/wholesale services. Some common examples of these remote services are:
Business services such as stocks and shares information, invoicing and payment systems, data interchange facilities, merchant services, and business information portals.
Retail/wholesale services such as catalogues, stock query and ordering systems, weather and traffic information, mapping services, and shopping portals.
Storage/compute services such as data storage and processing, data backup, source control systems, and technical or scientific processing services.
These remote services can be consumed by software that runs on-premises, in an organization's data center or on a user's machine, which may be a desktop computer or any other Internet-enabled device. This typically involves a mix of technologies and techniques that are referred to as Software plus Services (S+S). S+S refers to an approach to application development that combines hosted services with locally executed software. The combination of the remote services and the software running locally, with rich seamlessly integrated interfaces and user experience, can provide a more comprehensive and efficient solution than traditional on-premises silo applications. S+S is an evolution of several other technologies including Service Oriented Architecture (SOA), Software as a Service (SaaS), Platform as a Service (PaaS), and Web 2.0 community-oriented architectural approaches.
Cloud computing is an emerging area. This chapter outlines some of the benefits of cloud computing and the high level architectural considerations that you must take into account when building or consuming cloud-hosted applications and services. It is likely that frameworks, tools, and hosting environment improvements will become increasingly available in the near future, which will help to addresses these challenges.
Common Vocabulary for Hosted and Cloud Services
Some of the terms commonly encountered in this chapter and in cloud and hosted service scenarios are the following:
Building block service. A service designed to be consumed by or integrated with other applications or services. An example is a storage service or a hosted Security Token Service (STS) such as the Access Control Service in the Azure Services Platform.
Cloud-hosting environment. An environment that provides a core runtime for hosting applications; and, optionally, building block services, business services, social network services, and hosting services such as metering, billing, and management.
Home-built application. An application that you create in-house, usually specifically targeted at some task, scenario, or process you require; it will often address a need that cannot be sourced from a third party.
Hosted application. An application (packaged or home-built) hosted as a service. It may be hosted internally on your own system, or hosted externally by a partner or hoster.
Packaged application. An application created by a third party or vendor that may provide only limited customization capabilities based on configuration or plug-ins.
Platform as a Service (PaaS). A core hosting operating system, and optional plug-in building block services, that allow you to run your own applications or third-party applications obtained from vendors, in a remote cloud hosting environment.
Software as a Service (SaaS). Applications that perform comprehensive business tasks, or accomplish business services, and allow you to consume them as services with no internal application requirements other than composition and UI.
Cloud-hosted applications and services may be very beneficial to ISVs, and to service delivery or hosting companies that build, host and deliver services. They also offer benefits to large enterprises that generally consume hosted and cloud-based solutions.
Benefits for ISVs and Service Hosts
The key advantages for ISVs and service hosting companies building and offering cloud-based solutions are the following:
Architectural Flexibility. Vendors can offer their customers a range of deployment options, including hosting for the services they require, and allow users to choose from a range of prebuilt features or choose which features of the application they will implement themselves. This can reduce the architectural liabilities for end users who are developing services
Rich User Experience. ISVs and service providers can offer richer experiences to their customers by leveraging existing specialized services (such as Virtual Earth). Hosters can combine their offerings with other cloud services obtained elsewhere to offer additional value propositions, and make it easier for end users to integrate services.
Ubiquitous Access. Services in the cloud persist user data and state, and resynchronize when the user reconnects from any location. This supports both offline and occasionally connected scenarios, which is especially useful for mobile devices where a constant connection or bandwidth cannot be guaranteed.
ISVs and service hosts may also consider entering the market for commercial reasons to take advantage of monetization opportunities. The following are some examples:
Vendors may wish to take advantage of an untapped market opportunity by offering a product that is not currently or easily available elsewhere, or use the cloud to offer lower end versions of their products to protect a high end franchise.
Startup companies may use the cloud-hosted approach to minimize initial capital expenditure, and to take advantage of properties of the cloud such as elasticity (the capability to grow as required without high initial cost commitment).
Vendors and users can create applications that generate income more quickly by taking advantage of ancillary services that are already available. For example, they can take advantage of payment and accounting systems in the cloud. Users can even build virtual stores without requiring large investments in IT equipment and networking capabilities.
Benefits for Enterprise Service Consumers
The key advantages for enterprises that consume cloud-based solutions are the following:
Architectural Flexibility. In-house developers can create complete solutions that compose services in the cloud with local application code and their own services. IT departments can choose which features of the application they will implement themselves, and buy in other services that they require.
Cost and Time Savings. IT departments can select the best cloud-based service for each task, and combine them to expose fully functional applications with shorter development times, and at a reduced cost. In addition, the reduction in the requirements for in-house IT infrastructure simplifies management, security, and maintenance costs.
Economies of Scale. Companies can leverage economies of scale for industry average capabilities, and focus on their core activities. The economies of scale available from hosted applications arise from a range of factors, including reduced in-house infrastructure costs to better utilization of hardware that offers opportunities for reduced running costs. However, the gains in economies of scale must be balanced with the loss of control inherent with moving from on-premises to fully hosted applications.
Offline Capability. The cloud can act as hub for roaming users. User data and state can be stored in the cloud and resynchronized when the user reconnects. Users can move between desktop and mobile clients seamlessly with fewer network configurations.
Several common issues are of concern to both ISVs and enterprise customers. While they cover a range of different aspects of hosted and cloud-based scenarios, these issues can be categorized into specific areas. Consider the following as your develop your strategy for hosted and cloud-based services:
Data Isolation and Sharing
Data Storage and Extensibility
On-premises or Off-premises, Build or Buy
Service Composition
Hosters can implement isolation and sharing for databases and for database schemas. There are three basic models:
Separate Databases. Each tenant has a separate database containing their own data schemas. This has the advantage of being easy to implement, but the number of tenants per database server might be relatively low, with subsequent loss of efficiency, and the infrastructure cost of providing services can rise rapidly. It is most useful when tenants have specific data isolation or security requirements for which you can charge a supplement.
Shared Databases, Separate Schemas. All tenants use the same database, but have separate sets of predefined fields available. This approach is also easy to implement, maximizes the number of tenants per database server, and improves database efficiency. However, it usually results in sparsely populated tables in the database. It is most useful when storing data for different tenants in the same tables (commingling) is acceptable in terms of security and isolation, and when you can anticipate the predefined custom fields that will be required.
Shared Databases, Shared Schema. All tenants use the same database and special techniques are used to store data extensions. This approach has the advantage that the number of custom fields you can offer is practically unlimited. However, indexing, searching, querying, and updating processes are more complex. It is most useful when storing data for different tenants in the same tables (commingling) is acceptable in terms of security and isolation but it is difficult to predict the range of predefined custom fields that will be required.
The following table illustrates the benefits and liabilities for the three isolation and sharing models described above. Rows nearer the top of the table imply higher cost and lower development and operational effort. Rows nearer the bottom of the table imply lower cost and higher development and operational effort.
Separate Databases
Easy to implement.
Easy to move the application from on-premises to a hosted environment.
Simpler back up, restore, and monitoring as most existing tools operate at a database level.
High data isolation.
Common tables in the domain model are duplicated across tenant databases.
Higher hardware costs.
Shared Database, Separate Schemas
Lower memory consumption.
Higher density of tenants per server.
Common tables are shared across tenants.
Requires a data access component that intercepts table names.
Requires tenant-level authorization to access data.
Lower isolation.
Backup and restore is a challenge that requires a custom solution.
Monitoring tenant activity is a challenge.
Shared Database, Shared Schemas
Least memory consumption (fewer database objects).
Highest density of tenants per server.
Least isolation—requires additional development effort to ensure high isolation.
Tenant's data is shared amongst tenants.
Back up and restore is a challenge that requires a custom solution.
Applications optimized for a shared database approach may be more complex and involve higher development cost and effort. However, they will generally support more tenants per server, and may have lower operational costs. Applications optimized for a shared schema approach are simpler, and will generally reduce operational costs in the long term, though this reduction is likely to be less than the shared database approach.
If you must create applications quickly, consider the Separate Databases approach by configuring each tenant with their own database. Using this approach no special design is required. Also, consider this approach if your individual tenants have particularly high data security requirements, or will store very large volumes of data, or have a very large number of concurrent end users. The Separate Databases approach is also appropriate if you require the application to be easy to move from on-premises to hosted, or from hosted to on-premises, and it can allow you to more easily scale out if the need arises.
Higher isolation is also useful if you expect to offer per tenant value-added services, where you should consider the Separate Databases or the Shared Database, Separate Schemas approach. However, if you expect to have a very large number of tenants, each with relatively small amount of data, consider a less isolated approach such as Shared Database, Separate Schemas or Shared Database, Shared Schemas.
Cloud-hosted applications must implement strong security, using multiple defense levels that complement one another to provide data protection in different ways, under different circumstances, and against both internal and external threats. When planning a security strategy, consider the following guidelines:
Filtering. Use an intermediate layer between a tenant and a data source that acts as a sieve so that it appears to the tenant that theirs is the only data in the database. This is especially important if you use a shared database instance for all of your tenants.
Permissions. Use access control lists (ACLs) to determine who can access data in the application, and what they can do with it.
Encryption. Obscure every tenant's critical data so that it will remain unreadable to unauthorized parties, even if they manage to access it.
Data Security Patterns
Depending on the multi-tenant model you adopt, consider the following security patterns:
Trusted Database Connections (applies to all three multi-tenant models). The application always connects to the database using its own application process identity, independent of the identity of the user, and the server grants the application access to the database objects that it can read or manipulate. Additional security must be implemented within the application itself to prevent individual end users from accessing any database objects that should not be exposed to them. Each tenant (organization) that uses the application has multiple sets of credentials associated with their tenant account, and must grant their end users access to the application using these credentials. These end users access the application using their individual credentials associated with the tenant account, but the application accesses the database using the single set of credentials associated with that application. This means that a single database access account is required for each application (one for each tenant). Alternatively, you can use an STS to obtain encrypted login credentials for the tenant irrespective of the individual user, and use security code in the application to control which data individual users can access.
Secure Database Tables (applies to the Separate Database model and the Shared Database, Separate Schema model). Grant a tenant user account access to a table or other database object. In the Separate Database model, restrict access on a database-wide level to the tenant associated with that database. In the Shared Database, Separate Schema model, restrict access on a per table basis to the tenant associated with specific tables.
Tenant Data Encryption (applies to all three multi-tenant models). Secure the data using symmetric encryption to protect it, and secure the tenant's private key using asymmetric (public/private key pair) encryption. Use impersonation to access the database using the tenant's security context, and use the tenant's private key to decrypt the data in the database so that it can be used. The disadvantage is that you cannot index encrypted columns, which means that there is a tradeoff between data security and performance. Try to avoid using index fields that contain sensitive data.
Tenant Data Filter (applies to the Shared Database\Shared Schema model). Use SQL views to select subsets of data from tables based on the tenant or user ID, or the tenant account's security identifier. Grant tenants access to only their views, and not to the underlying tables. This prevents users from seeing or accessing any rows belonging to other tenants or users in the shared tables.
Hosted data may be stored in variety of ways. Two different approaches are emerging for implementing data storage in hosted applications: hosted relational database management systems (RDBMS) and nonrelational cloud-based storage. Relational database systems provide storage for structured data, and are more suited to transactional systems or applications that are I/O intensive; they also typically provide lower latency and advanced query capabilities. In contrast, cloud storage refers to any type of data storage that resides in the cloud; including services that provide database-like functionality, unstructured data services (for example, file storage for digital media), data synchronization services, and network-attached storage (NAS) services. Data services are often consumed in a pay as you go model, or in this case a pay per GB model (including both stored and transferred data).
Cloud storage offers a number of benefits, such as the ability to store and retrieve large amounts of data in any location at any time. Data storage services are fast, inexpensive, and almost infinitely scalable; however, reliability can be an issue as even the best services do sometimes fail. Applications that are sensitive to high latency might also be affected as each interaction with the storage service requires network transversal. Finally, transaction support can be an issue with cloud-based storage systems.These systems generally focus heavily on partitioning and availability, and consistency cannot always be guaranteed.
Microsoft Azure storage (in an early preview release at time of writing) comprises a number of services that span different storage needs, which you can access using a REST API:
Table Storage Services provide structured storage in the form of tables, but these tables have no defined schema; instead, they contain entities, each of which holds a number of properties. Popular APIs such as LINQ can be used over any combination of properties. Table Storage Services focuses on providing massively scalable tables at a very low cost. However, it is not a relational database and lacks many of the features you would expect to find in an RDBMS such as joins and foreign keys across multiple tables.
Blob Storage Services offers storage for binary data stored in user-defined containers, which organize sets of blobs within a storage account.
Queue Services store messages that may be read using queuing semantics by any client that has access to the storage account.
A key challenge to solve when using an RDBMS is schema extensibility. This is the ability to extend a table with custom fields without recompiling or rebuilding the application. There are four approaches to extending the schemas at runtime:
Fixed Columns. This pattern models the extension fields as a set of fixed named columns for each extensible entity (each table). The number of fixed columns will depend on the nature of the entity and its usage pattern. It requires a data access layer that encapsulates and abstracts the named fixed columns and metadata tables. Consider the following factors for the Fixed Columns approach:
Filtering based on extensible columns is a challenge due to the predefined data types. For example, using variable length data types such as varchar for all the extensible columns limits the capability to filter numerically using the <, >, and = operators. Possible solutions are to allocate a fixed number of fields of each common data type, or to allow the user to mark columns as searchable and use a separate table to store data type specific fields.
While this is one of the fastest and more scalable approaches to extensibility, it generally requires a solution for indexed columns that are not string-based.
The way that the database treats null values may result in sparse data distribution and wasted space. If a tenant extends only one field, while another extends 20 fields, the database and pages in memory will grow. Microsoft SQL Server 2008 provides a modifier for columns named SPARSE that helps to mitigate this issue.
Custom Schemas. This pattern is used in conjunction with the Separate Schemas multi-tenancy pattern. Each schema belongs to a tenant, and contains a different set of extensible strongly typed columns. Consider the following factors for the Custom Schemas approach:
It requires encapsulation and abstraction of the data access layer, and a query processor; though O/RM Frameworks such as Microsoft Entity Framework (EF) or the open source NHibernate framework can assist in implementation. For more information, see Additional Resources at the end of this chapter.
Each tenant has their own table, and the table schema will change every time they add or remove a field. The queries will work against the real data type (the columns are not all string types). However, rolling up database schema updates will be non-trivial due to excessive duplication between the tenants' shared fields (as opposed to the Fixed Columns approach, where one or more tables exist for all tenants).
This approach is faster than the Fixed Columns pattern when filtering based on extended columns because it uses the primitive data types.
Name Value Extension Table. This pattern allows customers to extend the data model arbitrarily (with an unlimited number of columns), storing custom data in a separate table and using metadata to define labels and data types for each tenant's custom fields. Consider the following factors for the Name Value Extension Table approach:
It adds a level of complexity for database functions, such as indexing, querying, and updating records. For example, retrieving data requires multiple joins, and filtering and grouping is a challenge.
There is only a single database to manage. However, if a growing user base causes the database to grow, it could be scaled horizontally with tenant partitioning to use separate databases.
This approach will be slower than the other approaches because data retrieval requires multiple joins.
XML Columns. This pattern allows customers to extend the data model arbitrarily with an unlimited number of extensions by storing the extension data in an XML column. Consider the following factors for the XML Columns approach:
While this approach may seem to be a natural choice for extensibility, it has lower scalability (the capability to add more records) and lower performance (query response time) compared to other approaches.
While the use of XML columns in the database leads to relatively simple implementations, ISVs and developers will require additional skills to manipulate XML in the database.
It is possible to define indexes for XML columns, but this adds additional complexity and requires extra storage space.
All applications and services must manage user identity. This is particularly important in hosted and cloud-based scenarios that can potentially serve a very large number of customers, and each of these customers may have their own identity framework. A common approach is for the hoster to delegate the responsibility for managing its own user accounts to each customer. The ideal is a solution that takes advantage of the customer's existing on-premises or federated directory service to enable single sign on (SSO) across their local and all external hosted services. This reduces the development effort of building individual and separate identity management systems. Customers can configure access to the application using familiar tools, and SSO allows users to access the application or service using their existing credentials.
To enable such a scenario, you must adopt a solution based on industry standards that interoperate across platforms and organizational boundaries. In general, you should consider a claims-based identity model based on a federated identity service, as illustrated in Figure 1. This helps to decouple applications and services from the authentication mechanism.
Claims-based identity model based on a federated identity service
The customer's existing identity system sends a cryptographically signed security token that contains a set of claims about each user with every request they make to an application. Hosting companies that trust the customer's identity system can design applications and services to focus just on authorizing relevant claims. The customer identity system must implement an STS that authenticates users, creates and signs security tokens using a standard format, and exposes a service to issue these tokens based on industry standards such as WS-Trust and WS-Federation. The Microsoft Geneva Framework and Geneva Server provide much of the infrastructure required to implement these requirements. When implementing a claims-based identity model, consider the following issues:
If there is a suitable identity store available, consider using this to provide a single sign on experience across local applications, hosted Web applications, and other hosted services.
For small or consumer-focused applications where there is no existing identity store available, consider using a service such as .NET Services Access Control federating against Windows Live, or an online solution from a third party.
You may need to perform transformations on claims generated from a local STS to match the requirements of the hoster. Alternatively, hosters may need to implement transformation systems for different customer STS mechanisms. Consider using the .NET Access Control Service to provide a transformation layer or use the Geneva Framework for implementing your own. For more information about the Geneva Framework, see http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/security/aa570351.aspx.
There may be minor differences in the way that standards-based products from different vendors are implemented. Compatibility and interoperability issues may arise if these products do not strictly adhere to the complex standards, or they provide a slightly different implementation.
If you decide to design your own STS, ensure that it is secure against attack. As it contains all of the authentication information, vulnerabilities could leave all applications open to exploit. Also, ensure that your STS implementation is robust and reliable, and can serve all foreseeable volumes of requests. Failure of the STS will prevent users accessing all of the applications that depend it.
Individual tenants share the use of the hoster's hardware and infrastructure, as well as sharing databases and database systems (each tenant is an organization that may each have more than one user). Service suppliers must provide a platform with appropriate capacity and performance for hosted services. They must also consider how to keep the cost structure under control, and how they will provide customization through configuration. There are four common stages in moving towards an efficient multi-tenancy architecture with user-enabled configuration. The following sections describe these stages.
Custom. Each customer runs a separate copy of the software assigned only to that customer, and the only way to support multiple customers is to serve them with different copies of the software. Furthermore, because little is done to allow customization through configuration, each copy includes specific customer customizations in the form of custom extension code, custom processes, and/or custom data extensions. Although the software is, technically, delivered as a service (it does not run on the customer's premises), economy of scale cannot be achieved because each customer runs a different instance of the software. Although this could be a useful starting point to validate the business model, it must be avoided once the volume of customers increases. It is impractical to manage thousands of customers using this model.
Configurable. The software can be tailored for each tenant through configuration and by avoiding the use of custom code. All the tenants run the same code; however, the architecture is still not multi-tenant and each customer runs their own copy of the code, even though the copies are identical. The separation can be either virtual (virtual machines on a same server) or physical (running on separate machines). Although this model is a considerable improvement over the custom model described above, the architecture still allows customization through configuration, and the computing power is not shared among the instances. Therefore, the provider cannot achieve economy of scale.
Multi-tenant. The UI can be customizable per tenant, as can the business rules and the data model. The customization per tenant is entirely through configuration using a self service tool, which removes the requirement for the service provider to perform configuration. This level is almost the SaaS perfect case; the exception is any capacity to scale out. At this level, data partitioning means that growth can only be achieved by scaling up.
Scalable. The architecture supports multi-tenancy and configuration, plus the capability to scale out the application. New instances of the software can be transparently added to the instance pool to dynamically support the increasing load. Appropriate data partitioning, stateless component design, and shared metadata access are part of the design. At this level, a Tenant Load Balancer (implemented using a round robin or a rule based mechanism) is introduced, maximizing the utilization of hosting resources such as CPU and storage. This means that the total load is distributed across the entire available infrastructure. The data is also reorganized periodically in order to average the data load per instance. The architecture is scalable, multi-tenant, and customizable through configuration.
Cloud-hosted applications allow ISVs and hosters to realize economies of scale; and, in a competitive market, they will tend to pass these saving on to enterprise customers. However, the move to off-premises and hosted scenarios means that enterprises must accept some loss of control of applications, data, and service levels. Enterprises must consider the tradeoffs for moving to such services, in addition to deciding whether to build their own applications or buy them from a third party. The following table illustrates the differences between the build and buy scenarios for hosted applications.
At Hoster
An application that is developed in-house and runs in your data center.
An application that is developed in-house and runs at a hosting company.
A vendor-hosted development and runtime environment.
A packaged application that is bought off the shelf and runs in your data center.
A packaged application that is bought off the shelf and runs at a hosting company.
A hosted application that is bought from a vendor, who also hosts the application.
Gains from economies of scale must be balanced with the reduction in control inherent with moving from on-premises to fully hosted applications. Consider the following guidelines when deciding whether to move to a cloud-based solution, what type of application development approach to follow, and where to host your application:
Consider on-premises hosting if you require full control of your application and data, you have security requirements that prevent you from using hosted services, or laws or national policies prohibit you from using hosted services. When hosting applications internally on your own infrastructure, you may:
Choose to develop an in-house application when you cannot source a suitable prebuilt application, or when you want to retain full control of the application feature set.
Choose a prebuilt packaged application when one is available that is cost effective and meets all of your requirements.
Consider at hoster hosting if you are considering optimizing your operations but still want to retain control of the software. For example, you might decide to deploy a heavily customized Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) package at a hoster and offload to them the management of power, hardware, network, and the operating system. Typically, a hoster will accommodate very specific requirements of your organization; for example, setting up a Virtual Private Network (VPN), adding specialized hardware, and more. When hosting applications at an external hosting company, you may:
Choose one of the hoster's prebuilt packaged applications if it can meet your requirements. The availability of prebuilt packaged applications may influence your choice of hoster.
Choose a home-built application where you cannot locate a hoster that offers a suitable prebuilt application. In this case, you must factor in the cost and time required to develop your own application.
Consider the cloud service (vendor-hosted) approach if you are buying an SaaS application from a hoster or an ISV; you can provide a specification of the required application; you do not have the resources, time, or in-house skills to build the application; or you require an existing standard or customized application at short notice. Another reason is to take advantage of the intrinsic properties of cloud based building block services (such as elasticity) if you are building an application yourself. When purchasing cloud application services from a vendor:
Choose a prebuilt packaged application created by a vendor if it can meet your short term and long term requirements. This is the SaaS approach.
Choose a vendor-supplied hosting platform to run your home-built application where you cannot source a suitable prebuilt application. You must factor in the cost and time required to develop your own application. This is the PaaS approach.
Cloud-hosted applications must be scalable to support increasing numbers of services, and increasing load for each service and tenant. When designing services, consider the following guidelines for scaling applications:
Design services and components to be stateless where possible. This minimizes memory usage for the service, and improves the opportunity to scale out and load balance servers.
Use asynchronous input and output calls, which allow the applications to do useful work while waiting for I/O to complete.
Investigate the capabilities of the hosting platform that can improve performance. For example, in Microsoft Azure, use queues to manage requests and worker processes to carry out background processing.
Use resource pooling for threads, network, and database connections.
Maximize concurrency by using locking only where absolutely necessary.
When scaling data storage and applications, consider the following guidelines:
When scaling the data partition, divide subscriber data into smaller partitions to meet performance goals. Use schemes such as Hashing (to subdivide content) and Temporal (based on the time or date range in which the data is valid).
Consider implementing dynamic repartitioning to repartition the data automatically when the database size reaches a specific maximum size.
When scaling data storage and applications investigate standard patterns, and the specific techniques and implementations provided by the hosting platform—some examples are data partitioning, load balancing, failover, and geographical distribution.
Users in enterprise-level organizations require access to many different document repositories, types of data, sources of information, and applications that perform specific functions. Traditionally, users interacted directly with each store or application, often using specific isolated applications. However, over time, enterprises have attempted to consolidate systems; often using intranet Web portals or façade-style applications that connect to the appropriate downstream applications.
With the advent of services and SOA applications, IT departments can expose applications and data as services, either hosted in-house or bought in as SaaS. The service portfolios can still expose the combination of traditional local applications, internally hosted services, and remote services through portals, which hide the user from the implementations and allow IT departments to adapt the ranges of services quickly and easily. However, S+S and SaaS designs and technologies allow IT departments and enterprise customers to integrate services fully. Service integration can help to achieve the goal of a many to one model where all applications and services are available to the user through a composition architecture that effectively exposes them as a single application, as shown in Figure 2. A service integration mechanism combines the groups of applications in the portfolios and exposes them though a rich client that can interact with any service or application.
A service integration mechanism can compose multiple services into a single interface
Enterprise consumers of cloud-hosted services will usually need to create composition systems that use the raw services exposed by hosters, and expose them through in-house portals and portfolios. Effective consumer composition architecture can integrate information from many sources for end users; which reduces redundant data entry, enhances human collaboration, and heightens awareness of outstanding tasks and their status. It also improves the visibility of interrelated business information and help users to make informed business decisions. Composition of a unified solution that uses cloud-hosted services usually incorporates the following three layers:
Input source layer. The input sources include cloud-hosted services, internal applications, internal databases, Web services, flat files, and more. Internal resources may be exposed though IT service portfolios.
Composition layer. This is where the raw data is aggregated and provided to the user in a new, unified form. Its function is to transform data into business information and process intelligence. This layer will usually incorporate the following:
Components that manage access, data, workflow, and rules.
Service agents that negotiate and exchange messages with applications, databases, Web services, and other resources.
Identity management components that authenticate and authorize users, and manage credentials for Web service communication.
Data aggregation components that transform data to match the application entity model.
User-centric layer. This layer presents the composite data to the user in a central, integrated, task-focused user interface.
Consuming cloud-hosted services as part of a composite user interface usually requires workflow or step-by-step processes to achieve integration of external and internal services. A common solution is an integration broker that consists of a modularized pluggable pipeline and associated metadata services to control message movement and routing. Typical operations in an integration broker pipeline include the following:
Security. A security module authenticates the data source or digital signature, decrypts the data, and examines it for security risks such as viruses. Security operations can be coordinated with existing security policies to control access.
Validation. A validation module compares the data to relevant schemas and rejects non-conforming data.
Transformation. A transformation module converts the data to the correct format.
Synchronization workflow. A synchronization module uses workflows and rules to determine the logical destinations and order for propagating messages to the appropriate destinations. It can also manage workflow process transactions to guarantee data consistency.
Routing. A routing module uses routing rules that define the physical destinations, and transmits the data messages to the specific target. It may use information in the message to determine destinations based on the content.
Cloud-hosted solutions can help to mitigate some of the challenges encountered with traditional software, but add new and different challenges for the consumer of these services. Consider the following the challenges when moving to hosted cloud services and applications:
Identity Management. Enterprise procedures for adding, updating, and removing users must be extended to the remote services. If the external service depends on user identity, which is very likely for SaaS and for S+S, the provisioning and deprovisioning processes must be extended. In addition, translation of in-house user identity into specific roles may be required, possibly through a federated service, to minimize the migration or duplication of individual user identities at the remote service host. Enterprise user account policies such as password complexity and account lockouts must also be compatible with those of the remote service supplier. If no SSO facility is available, there can be increased liabilities, maintenance costs, and operational inefficiencies.
Data. Requirements of data operations, such as Extract, Transform, and Load (ETL) and data integration, must be analyzed for compatibility with service capabilities. Hosted services may not support complex data storage patterns, which may affect the design of data entities and application architecture. In addition, data may need to be protected more securely to counterbalance the lack of physical security available when hosting in-house. However, applications can store sensitive or private data locally, and use the cloud services only for nonsensitive data. You must also plan for how you will migrate data to the service provider, and how you will migrate it away and to a different provider should the need arise.
Operations. In-house integration services and client applications may not be compatible with services exposed by the service supplier, even when using industry standard protocols. You must also ensure that the service provider can generate appropriate reporting information, and determine how you will integrate this with your own management and reporting systems. In terms of service levels, Service Level Agreements (SLAs) may require revision to ensure that they can still be met when depending on the service provider for escalated support. Enterprises must also be prepared to implement help desk facilities that act as the first contact point for users, and define procedures for escalating issues with the service provider.
Security. Enterprise privacy policies must be compatible with those of the service provider, and rules for actions that users can execute, such as limits on transaction size and other business rules, must be maintained—even if these are not part of the remote service capabilities. This may make the service integration infrastructure more complex. Procedures and policies for maintaining the security and integrity of data in the event of service or interconnectivity failure will also be required. Authentication, encryption, and the use of digital signatures will require the purchase of certificates from certified providers, and may require implementation of a Public Key Infrastructure (PKI). In addition, integration may require changes to firewall rules, and updates to firewall hardware and software may need to be required to provide filtering for application data and XML Schema validation.
Connectivity. Some types of cloud-based applications rely on good quality broadband Internet connections to function well. Examples are online transaction processing and real time services such as voice over IP (VoIP) and Microsoft Office Communications Server. In some areas and some countries, this may not be available. In addition, services that require large data transfers such as backup services and file delivery services will generally run more slowly over an Internet connection compared to a local or in-house implementation, which may be an issue. However, messaging and other similar services may not be as dependent on connection bandwidth or severely affected by occasional loss of connectivity.
Service Level Agreements. Skills and expertise will be required to assess suppliers more comprehensively, and make choices regarding service acquisition and contracts. SLAs may also require revision to ensure that they can still be met when depending on the services hosted by a remote provider.
Compliance and Legal Obligations. Compliance with legal and corporate directives may be affected by the performance of the service supplier, or these compliance directives and legal obligations may conflict if the service provider is located in another country or region. There may also be costs associated with obtaining compliance reports from the service supplier. Local laws and policies may prevent some types of applications, such as banking applications, from running in hosted scenarios.
Cloud service providers face certain challenges when hosting and offering services that run in the cloud, specifically around service delivery and support. Some ISVs may build applications that are hosted elsewhere while others may build and host their applications themselves, and there are several challenges that you must consider when contemplating developing hosted services. Some will apply to ISVs that host their own services, while others apply only to hosting companies. The following sections summarize these challenges:
Service Level Management. Enterprise users may each demand variations to the hoster's standard SLAs, with can make it difficult to meet all demands for all customers. Customers may choose a cloud-hosted solution as a way of increasing availability and performance, and so expectations may generally be higher than for an in-house application. Managing and satisfying these expectations could be a complex task because it usually demands managing dependencies (such as network and power providers) and different demands from geographically distributed customers. Maintenance and service downtime should also be carefully planned when hosting services for many different enterprises, especially if they are located in different time zones or have usage that peaks at different times during the day or week.
Capacity and Continuity Management. Service providers will not have the same insight into upcoming changes to customer's capacity requirements as in-house teams will, which may result in unexpected peaks in usage that require extra capacity to be available. Advance planning is difficult as each customer's growth and usage patterns will differ with little or no advance warning. Implementing and adapting services that match customer requirements is more difficult when there are many customers to satisfy. Short term decisions on capacity are likely to prove more expensive in the long run than a staged capacity growth plan, but long term planning without growth estimates from consumers is more difficult.
Customer Support. Help desk staff may need to be aware of and take into account the requirements and usage scenarios of customers to offer optimum support. With many customers for each service, failures or issues with that service will prompt large volumes of calls that may overload the help desk. Help desk staff may need to be able to quantify incurred costs on a per user basis, especially for models where support is a chargeable extra. Ideally, the hosted cloud solution should offer proactive support where the provider will be made aware of issues by monitoring the health of the solution and proactively initiate resolution of the problem with the customer. Self-service support mechanisms may also be utilized to provide the customer with a streamlined, dedicated issue tracking system.
Key patterns are organized into categories such as Data Availability, Data Transfer, Data Transformation, Integration and Composition, Performance and Reliability, and User Experience; as shown in the following table. Consider using these patterns when making design decisions for each category.
Relevant patterns
Polling. One source queries the other for changes, typically at regular intervals.
Push. A source with changed data communicates changes to the data sink every time data in a data source changes, or only at regular intervals.
Publish/Subscribe. A hybrid approach that combines aspects of both polling and pushing. When a change is made to a data source, it publishes a change notification event, to which the data sink can subscribe.
Asynchronous Data Transfer. A message-based method where the sender and receiver exchange data without waiting for a response.
Synchronous Data Transfer. An interface-based method where the sender and receiver exchange data in real time.
Shared Database. All applications that you are integrating read data directly from the same database.
Maintain Data Copies. Maintain copies of the application's database so that other applications can read the data (and potentially update it).
File Transfer. Make the data available by transporting a file that is an extract from the application's database so that other applications can load the data from the files.
Integration and Composition
Broker. Hide the implementation details of remote service invocation by encapsulating them into a layer other than the business component itself.
Composition. Combine multiple services, applications, or documents into an integrated interface while performing security, validation, transformation, and related tasks on each data source.
Portal Integration. Create a portal application that displays the information retrieved from multiple applications within a unified UI. The user can then perform the required tasks based on the information displayed in this portal.
Performance and Reliability
Server Clustering. Design your application infrastructure so that your servers appear to users and applications as virtual unified computing resources to enhance availability, scalability, or both.
Load-Balanced Cluster. Install your service or application onto multiple servers that are configured to share the workload. The load-balanced hosts concurrently respond to different client requests, even multiple requests from the same client.
Failover Cluster. Install your application or service on multiple servers that are configured to take over for one another when a failure occurs. Each server in the cluster has at least one other server in the cluster identified as its standby server.
Universal Web. Maximum reach combined with deployment simplicity, and works on Web browsers with the commonly installed extensions.
Experience First. Maximize the quality of the user experience by taking advantage of optimized computer and device capabilities.
For more information on Microsoft Azure, see "Azure Services Platform" at http://www.microsoft.com/windowsazure/.
For more information on Microsoft "Geneva" identity management, see "Geneva Simplifies User Access to Applications and Services" at http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/security/aa570351.aspx.
For more information on Software plus Services, see the following MSDN Developer Center resources:
"Multi-Tenant Data Architecture" at http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/architecture/aa479086.aspx.
"Software + Services (S+S)" at http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/architecture/aa699384.aspx.
"Software + Services for Architects" WebCast by Gianpaolo Carraro at http://www.microsoft.com/feeds/msdn/en-us/architecture/media/SaaS/ssForArchitects.asx.
For more information on Software plus Services architecture, see the following resources from the MSDN Architecture Journal:
"A Planet Ruled by Software Architectures" at http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/architecture/bb906059.aspx.
"Head in the Cloud, Feet on the Ground" at http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dd129910.aspx
"Enterprise Mash Ups" at http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/architecture/bb906060.aspx.
"Implications of Software + Services Consumption for Enterprise IT" at http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/architecture/bb906061.aspx.
"Microsoft Office as a Platform for Software + Services" at http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/architecture/bb906062.aspx.
"The Internet Service Bus" at http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/architecture/bb906065.aspx.
For more information on the open source NHibernate framework, see "NHibernate Forge" at http://nhforge.org/Default.aspx.
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Drugs Inc. Hallucinogens
Home»All Films»Society
They provide unlimited wealth for some and untold misery for others. From London to Peru, people the world over are affected by drugs.
Unlike most other drugs, the effects of hallucinogens are highly variable and unreliable, producing different effects in different people at different times. This is mainly due to the significant variations in the composition of active compounds, particularly in the hallucinogens derived from plants and mushrooms.
According to the 2009 National Survey on Drug Use and Health approximately 1.3 million persons aged 12 or older used hallucinogens for the first time in the past year. Psilocybin and LSD have both proved to be useful in the treatment of cluster headaches. Dubbed ‘suicide headaches’ due to the extreme pain experienced by sufferers, they affect about 1 in every 1,000 people.
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In this documentary film, Erving Goffman's innovative analysis is applied to the contemporary commercial landscape, detailing how one of American popular culture's most influential forms
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Motivational speaker Anthony McLean is done with the stereotypes that surround the black community. Anthony McLean is going to show six teens what it means...
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Lost Secrets of the Illuminati
Home»All Films»Conspiracy
Gavin Wince
Lost Secrets of the Illuminati takes us inside the secretive world of the Illuminati. Lapis Exillis, the stone that is called the grail to the Illuminate, has influenced world history for centuries. This code is the highlighted subject featured in this original and controversial documentary.
Surviving abduction, shadowed by mysterious deaths and even torture, international intelligence adviser, and code-breaker Louis Buff Parry emerges out of three decades of research into the world’s most arcane and influential secret societies throughout the Western and Middle-Eastern world.
A common theme of these Secret Societies was an obsession to possess a particular ancient stone artifact, the Lapis Exillis, the stone that is the grail, last discovered in 1743.
Citing great scholars, the early founders of sciences and great luminaries of the past, Louis Buff Parry pieces together a shocking story supported by remarkable facts sure to radically change your views of history forever.
The film is a journey to uncover the mystery, murder, and mayhem that surrounds the dramatic events behind this well-concealed history and reveals how this stone artifact has influenced the central powers governing the true destiny of western civilization.
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Today's corporations make it obvious that they contribute huge amounts of money on political campaigns of the presidents and congressmen.
According to this doc, Whitney Houston believed her life was sacrificed by the Illuminati because she believed she was more valuable dead than alive.
Have you ever wondered if the wireless frequency world we live in could actually be causing us all harm? Today, over six billion of us...
Endgame, posits several theories relating to "the dawn of a new dark age" in which a few elite businessmen are planning to erase global boundaries...
For over fifty years, the tobacco industry has been fighting to market their products, while at the same time being fully aware that smoking is...
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Around the world, police states are becoming the dominant form of government. Government corruption is the rule, rather than the exception internationally, and has been...
Phil Schneider died in 1996. Previous to his death he had been on tour across the United States speaking out about various subjects including his...
Get ready to find out the real truth behind 911. From the impact of the planes hitting the World Trade Centre Towers to the melting...
Film investigating the death of Nancy Spungen, ex-prostitute, stripper, drug addict, and girlfriend of Sex Pistols guitarist Sid Vicious.
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The Abortion Pill
Aspiration Abortion
Surgical Abortion
Abortion FAQ
Your Abortion Services Experience
Abortion Aftercare
VIP Private Abortion Services
Contraception Options
Birth Control Pill
Diaphragm Birth Control
IUD Birth Control
Implant Birth Control
Depo-Provera Birth Control
Gynecology Services
Sonograms & Ultrasounds
HPV & STDs
Cervical Ablation
How Early or Late Can You Get an Abortion – The Abortion Timeline
Every year approximately 600,000 women in the United States choose to have an abortion, according to the Center for Disease Control. More than half of the total number of women who have obtained an abortion, a full sixty-percent, are already mothers. Yet, abortion can often feel like a lonely and complicated decision.
Here to make it just a little easier, in many regards, is this abortion timeline. It will help to answer the most definitive question of, “How late can you get an abortion?” but also, “How soon can you get an abortion?” So if you’re wondering when can you get an abortion, read on.
Here’s what you need to know: The most basic answer.
In most states, abortion is an option up to 24 weeks of pregnancy. Some states cap their restriction at 20-22 weeks gestation.
Unless a physician or state law prohibits, you are able to receive abortion services as soon as pregnancy is confirmed.
Abortion procedures performed in the late stages of the second trimester and throughout the third are typically performed due to complications with the fetus or the mother.
Information on abortion laws in your state can be found at the Guttmacher Institute. Now, more below on the specifics of each method.
How Early Can You Get An Abortion?
Typically, the earliest abortions are performed at 4-6 weeks of pregnancy, however, this does vary by state.
Though abortion can be performed earlier, 4-6 weeks is generally when women begin experiencing symptoms of pregnancy, with a missed period often being the first sign.
A pregnancy test and ultrasound will confirm pregnancy and will be performed before abortion procedures to determine gestational age to determine which method is to be used to terminate the pregnancy.
If you are under ten weeks pregnant, chances are the method chosen will be a medical abortion, which involves a pill taken at home. Since 91.6% of abortions are performed within the first thirteen weeks of pregnancy, most women will be given abortion pills rather than receive a surgical abortion.
How Late Can You Get An Abortion?
If you’re wondering “how far along can you get an abortion?”, you’ll find that the answer can be different from state to state, though you’ll find that most late abortions can be performed up to 24 weeks. It is illegal in most states to perform an abortion after such cap unless the mother is in medical danger or the fetus is no longer considered “viable” due to some form of complication or deformation.
Though these late abortions are an option, it’s not typically chosen by most women. In fact, only 1.3% of women have an abortion performed after 21 weeks, and only 7.1% of abortions occur between 14-20 weeks.
While abortions this late are acceptable in most states if medically necessary, it is not a choice most women or physicians make since the possibility for complications becomes greater.
Abortions performed later in the pregnancy will require a surgical abortion, which doesn’t require any incisions, and typically takes ten minutes. (see below for more details)
Abortions by Trimester
First Trimester (1-12 weeks)
A missed period is often the first sign of pregnancy, and this could be as early as one week from fertilization, and typically within four weeks.
The answer to the question “When can you get an abortion?” may not be all that easy to ask yourself. It may take you time to make the decision to terminate your pregnancy. But if this is not the case, you can seek abortion once pregnancy is confirmed. The earlier your abortion is performed the easier, safer, and more cost effective it is.
A medical abortion will likely be chosen for its effectiveness and ease with this early of a pregnancy. You will receive abortion pills during your examination with instructions on how to use them. This is the safest method of abortion available.
There are times in which it could be recommended to wait until weeks 5-6 to perform any procedure, to reduce the risk of complication such as infection. But this is not generally the case since, according to the CDC, abortions performed in the first trimester are one of the safest procedures one can receive. The risk of complication is less than .05%, whereas the risk of death from birthing a child is eleven times greater than abortion.
It is always best to check state regulations as soon as you make the choice to terminate a pregnancy since there are some regulations that require counseling or waiting periods before procedures.
Second Trimester (13-27 weeks)
The majority of abortions may be performed in the first trimester, but there are still plenty of women seeking this service in the second and for many reasons. The restrictions imposed by many states, and even the lack of available facilities to the number of women seeking abortions in the state, may push the date on when you can receive an abortion into your second trimester.
In some cases, the choice to terminate is a medical one. If the mother is at risk from something such as hypertension, which can become severe to the point of causing a heart attack, an abortion may be recommended by physicians.
It’s worth mentioning again that, though the second trimester lasts up to 27 weeks, the time in which an abortion is an option is up to 24 weeks, unless medically necessary.
Some women may not even realize they are pregnant until this state due to irregular periods, spotting, and/or lack of other symptoms.
During the second trimester, a surgical abortion will be chosen since abortion pills will no longer be considered a viable and effective method of abortion for the stage of development.
In the earlier stages of the second trimester, Aspiration will likely be the chosen method. It is a gentle procedure and can be performed rather quickly, but will require physicians and, depending on the state, may need to be carried out in a hospital.
After 16 weeks of gestation, dilation and evacuation will be chosen as the method of abortion. This method doesn’t actually involve any incisions and can be done in approximately ten minutes. Though it carries more risk than the medical abortion, it is still a safe option for those seeking an abortion under 24 weeks of gestation, and still safer than childbirth.
Third trimester (28 weeks to birth)
While it may be illegal in most states to carry out an abortion in the third trimester, the federal law deems it legal to receive an abortion even in the ninth month of pregnancy, and all states will allow this for certain exceptions such as when it is deemed medically necessary for the life of the mother.
Hypertension was mentioned above, but there are other such medical complications that may bring about the need for an abortion at this stage, such as the development of cancer. If the mother develops cancer and can’t receive treatment unless an abortion is performed, it is deemed admissible by law in most states.
Older mothers may experience complications that affect them more severely and becomes a risk to their life, and the life of the fetus.
At this late stage, the method likely chosen will be dilation and extraction.
Abortion Methods & The Time Periods These Are Available
Abortion pill (Non-surgical)
The abortion pill is available up to ten weeks of gestation and is a non-surgical option.
The abortion pill is not just one pill, but two separate pills used in coordination to induce a miscarriage and end a pregnancy. It works by blocking progesterone in the body, a hormone necessary to sustain the pregnancy. The embryo will detach from the uterus with the first dose, and the second will cause the lining of the uterus to shed much as it does during your period.
To use abortion pills, you will likely take them at home with your full day available for this procedure as well as for rest.
You may also receive pain medications and/or antibiotics with this procedure.
Vacuum Aspiration
Vacuum Aspiration is available from 10 weeks of gestation up to 16 weeks and is considered a surgical abortion though there are no incisions made. In fact, there are no electronic machines used in this procedure.
This procedure involves a gentle suction through a tube that goes through the cervix and empties the uterus without any scraping. The vacuum is operated by hand and takes approximately five to ten minutes.
You have the option of either local or general anesthesia. General anesthesia will put you to sleep for the duration of the procedure.
Recovery time is minimal.
Dilation and curettage are available up to 16 weeks of gestation. It is a procedure similar to vacuum aspiration in that suction will be used to remove the contents of the uterus, but with dilation and curettage, the cervix will be opened (dilated) and a thin rod will be inserted and the uterus will be lightly scraped to extract all the contents of the uterus.
By emptying the uterus in this way, physicians are reducing the risk of infection from remaining pieces of the lining or aborted fetus.
Anesthesia will be used for this method as well. It is a simple and speedy procedure with minimal recovery time.
Dilation and Evacuation
Dilation and evacuation is a surgical procedure used up to 16 weeks of gestation, which involves entering the uterus through the cervix and removing tissue from the lining of the uterus via a scoop-like surgical instrument.
It’s a procedure that takes about ten minutes with minimal downtime, and will also use either local or general anesthesia.
Labor Induction
This method is available after 16 weeks up to end of full-term pregnancy.
A speculum will be inserted into the cervix to hold it open. An antiseptic will be applied along with a numbing agent. Dilators will be inserted, which will absorb the moisture from the cervix and cause it to swell/dilate.
Generally, the dilators will be placed two days before the procedure and will allow access to the uterus.
Medicines will be administered that will soften the cervix. This can take 12-24 hours.
At this point, after the cervix is softened, medicine will be injected into the abdomen to reach the amniotic fluid, or the umbilical cord of the fetus to terminate the pregnancy. There will be contractions and evacuation of the fetus, and then a curette will be used to ensure no placenta is left behind in the uterus.
Recovery time for this procedure is greater, and there are potential side effects and a higher risk of major complication.
A hysterectomy abortion is performed when other, less-invasive options are not available or advisable. It can be performed up to the end of a full-term pregnancy.
It is a procedure similar to a cesarean operation, but with a smaller incision in the abdomen, through which the fetus is removed.
Out of all other methods, a hysterectomy abortion poses the highest risk and longest recovery.
Late term abortions may look very different from a medical abortion in the early stages of pregnancy, but in nearly every stage, abortions are a safe and effective way to terminate a pregnancy for any reason. But like anything else, going to a licensed and experienced professional will always be your best option for receiving the best care.
If you’re seeking an abortion, go to an experienced physician that can help you find the right option for you.
See the Eastside difference.
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What Can I Expect Before During & After I Take the Abortion Pill? 10 Abortion Myths No One Should Believe – Abortion Facts
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Drabbles: Forgiven
Pairing/s: Matt/Becker
Word Count: 100 x 5
Notes: For primeval100challenge 250: Past challenges
Using prompts: 5- Moonlight and forgotten, 146- There’s no I in team, 6- In the bedroom, 128- Promises, promises, 109- first time
Matt was sitting on the wall in the car park, in the only visible in the faint moonlight, when Becker finally left the ARC. He’d spent the past two hours making sure his men were alright and trying to explain to Lester why they’d had gone into a creature infested building without waiting for backup in the first place.
“Becks, I’m sorry. I didn’t mean to put anyone in danger.”
Becker sighed. “I know, but you still did it. Come on, let’s go home. It’s been a long day and I’m knackered.”
“Does that mean I’m forgiven?”
Becker didn’t answer.
Matt had already had a lecture from Becker, and from Lester, about not being a team player when he ran off and did his own thing, but that was just how he worked. He was used to making his own decisions and being responsible for himself, no one else. Even though he’d been in this time for many years, he had always been apart from everyone else thanks to the secret he carried. Now Becker knew, as did the team, but he still kept having to remind himself that he didn’t have to do things on his own any more.
Matt watched as Becker got undressed, tossing his clothes in the laundry hamper before climbing into bed. He’d said it was forgotten, but the look on his face said otherwise.
“Becks, are you still mad at me? I said I was sorry.”
Becker shrugged his shoulders. “So? Sorry means you’re not going to do it again but then you say that every time.” He turned to look at Matt for the first time since they arrived home. “Don’t you get it? I don’t want you throwing yourself into danger because I don’t want to have to watch you get hurt.”
Matt got into bed beside Becker, his hand on Becker’s shoulder to stop him turning away. It had never occurred to him that Becker was worried, rather than getting annoyed because Matt wouldn’t follow orders. Only now did it occur to him how stupid he’d been not to see it.
“I can’t promise you that I’m never going to get hurt, or that I can avoid every dangerous situation, but I will be more careful from now on.”
Becker still didn’t look entirely convinced that he’d stick to it, but at least he relaxed a little.
“That’s all I’m asking.”
The following day, as the creature stomped through the streets, Matt checked the settings on his EMD, heading off after it.
Then he paused.
With a quick glance at Becker, he went back, noting the relieved smile on his lover’s face. He didn’t miss the amused look that passed between Abby and Connor, or the whipping motion that Connor mimed.
Nor did he care. He had Becker now: For the first time in his life he had a reason to make sure he came home safely at night. He just couldn’t believe he had taken so long to realise it.
Now that Matt has realised he's worried, too, he'll take more care.
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You’ll Never See Me Again by Lesley Pearse
emmar Book Reviews July 1, 2019 June 14, 2019 3 Minutes
I am a long time fan of Lesley Pearse, and to date there has only been one of her novels which hasn’t quite hit the mark for me, which is a pretty impressive record bearing in mind this is her 27th novel!
I was thrilled to be in the privileged position to be able to request and receive an advance copy of her latest novel, You’ll Never See Me Again, and when it arrived literally minutes before I was due to leave for a few days away in Jersey, I was elated!
I really enjoyed her last two novels, Woman in the Wood and The House Across the Street (review here) but for me, You’ll Never See Me Again has been sprinkled with the Lesley magic of old, feeling so stylistically reminiscent of some of my favourite novels.
She truly is a master at creating characters you cannot help but love, and Betty/Mabel is no different. A young woman facing adversity and needing to gather her courage and wits in order to survive is a familiar storyline, but one which Lesley delivers with great skill and depth of emotion. The rich description brings scenes to life, and the relationships between characters are wonderfully believable. It is rare that I’m not almost instantly hooked when I read a Lesley Pearse novel.
This novel had a slightly supernatural edge to it which gave it a quirky twist, especially given the time period in which it is set. If I were to have one slight criticism, I wish the mediumship had been made more of, mainly because I really enjoyed that element of the novel and I felt that there were some unanswered questions. I am (not so) secretly hoping for some sort of follow on or prequel involving Carsten, who will (in my mind) go down in history as one of the most memorable male characters she has ever created.
Heart-wrenching and heart-warming in equal measure, You’ll Never See Me Again held me captive until the last word. Lesley Pearse at her best – I absolutely loved it.
Betty Wellows dreams of settling down to an ordinary life in the little fishing village of Hallsands in Devon with her husband, But when he returns broken and haunted from the Great War, she finds herself persecuted by his distraught mother – and yearns to escape. It is only when a storm devastates the village that Betty sees her chance.
Fleeing to Bristol and changing her name to Mabel Brook, she seeks a new life – only to discover destiny has other plans. Penniless and alone, Mabel suffers a brutal attack before being rescued by a psychic named Nora Nightingale. She gets her first taste of communications from the dead and realises she may have this power in herself. But Mabel fears her gift may be a terrible curse as it becomes ever harder to hide from the truth about who she once was – and the tragic life she left behind. Then, one day an all too real message from her past appears and Mabel is forced back to the very place she has escaped. A place of heartbreak, and perhaps even murder, she must confront her actions one last time in order to secure any hope of a future.
Lesley Pearse was told as a child that she had too much imagination for her own good. She left home at 15 and headed to London where she worked her way through many jobs – from corsetry sales in Cooks of St. Pauls (featured in Dead to Me), to musicians muse (her second husband was a musician managed by Don Arden) to bunny girl to nanny; from gift shop owner to dressmaker – finally finding her true vocation when she became a published author, with over 10 million copies of her books sold worldwide.
A true storyteller and a master of gripping storylines, there is no set formula for a Lesley Pearse novel although strong heroines and difficult circumstances are pervasive. Whether historical adventures such as Gypsy or Never Look Back or the passionately emotive Trust Me, Lesley is inspired by stories of courage and adversity and often gives voice to women lost in history and people damaged by their childhood experiences. She is passionate about her research and her stories have taken her far and wide; from Alaska to the Crimea. Lesley now lives in Torquay in Devon where she loves to spend time walking on the beach with her grandchildren and dogs. A fantastic speaker and committed and passionate fundraiser for the NSPCC, Lesley is a much sought-after guest at literary lunches, library events and festivals up and down the country.
*I received a ARC copy, however the decision to read was my own and this review forms my honest opinion.
Published by emmar
Mum, wife, book lover and budding author! View all posts by emmar
Published July 1, 2019 June 14, 2019
Previous Post A Secret Rose by Kirsty Ferry
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Johanson–Blizzard syndrome
Johanson–Blizzard syndrome is a rare, sometimes fatal autosomal recessive multisystem congenital disorder featuring abnormal development of the pancreas, nose and scalp, with mental retardation, hearing loss and growth failure.[1] It is sometimes described as a form of ectodermal dysplasia.[2]
Johanson-Blizzard syndrome
The pancreas, and its location within the digestive system.
The disorder is especially noted for causing profound developmental errors and exocrine dysfunction of the pancreas, and it is considered to be an inherited pancreatic disease.[3]
PresentationEdit
ExocrineEdit
The most prominent effect of JBS is pancreatic exocrine insufficiency.[1][4][5][6][7] Varying degrees of decreased secretion of lipases, pancreatic juices such as trypsin, trypsinogen and others, as well as malabsorption of fats and disruptions of glucagon secretion and its response to hypoglycemia caused by insulin activity are major concerns when JBS is diagnosed.[1][3][8] Associated with developmental errors, impaired apoptosis, and both prenatal and chronic inflammatory damage, necrosis and fibrosis of the pancreatic acini (clusters of pancreatic exocrine gland tissue, where secretion of pancreatic juice and related enzymes occurs), pancreatic exocrine insufficiency in JBS can additionally stem from congenital replacement of the acini with fatty tissue.[1][3][8][9][10] Near total replacement of the entire pancreas with fatty tissue has also been reported. This is a progressive, sometimes fatal consequence of the disorder.[9]
EndocrineEdit
Endocrine insufficiency of the pancreas occurs with JBS, though it is sometimes less common and less pronounced than the more prominent effects on exocrine function.[1] The islets of Langerhans are ducts in the pancreas where endocrine activity such as the release of hormones glucagon, somatostatin and insulin takes place. Pancreatic endocrine insufficiency in JBS can be associated with either a buildup of connective tissue in the islet regions, congenital replacement of the islets with fatty tissue, or improper nerve signalling to the islets.[1][5][8][11][12] Endocrine dysfunction of the pancreas often results in diabetes mellitus. Both insulin resistance and diabetes have been observed with JBS, and it is suggested that diabetes should be considered as a complication of JBS and its course.[5][11]
Ductular output of fluids and electrolytes is preserved in the pancreas of many with JBS, as well as moderate to normal levels of functioning bicarbonate.[1]
Endocrine abnormalities in other areas have also been present with the disorder. These include hypothyroidism,[2] growth hormone deficiency[1][8] and hypopituitarism.[1] Findings affecting pituitary function in some JBS patients have included such anomalies as the formation of a glial hamartoma (a neoplasm, or tumor composed of glial cells) on a lobe of the pituitary gland, as well congenital underdevelopment of the anterior pituitary.[13] Growth failure and associated short stature (dwarfism) in JBS can be attributed to growth hormone deficiency caused by diminished anterior pituitary function, with malabsorption of fats playing a subsequent role.[1][4][14]
NasopharyngealEdit
Pharyngeal malformations can lead to food passing through the nose
The primary malformation apparent with JBS is hypoplasia (underdevelopment) of the nasal alae, or "wing of the nose".[1][2][7] Both hypoplasia and aplasia (partial or complete absence) of structural cartilage and tissue in this area of the nose, along with the underlying alae nasi muscle, are prevailing features of the disorder. Together, these malformations give the nose and nostrils an odd shape and appearance.[7][15]
NeurologicalEdit
Mental retardation ranging from mild to severe is present in the majority of JBS patients, and is related to the deleterious nature of the known mutagen responsible for the disorder and its effects on the developing central nervous system.[1][6][16] Normal intelligence and age appropriate social development, however, have been reported in a few instances of JBS.[12][16]
AuditoryEdit
Findings with the inner ear in JBS give explanation to the presence of bilateral sensorineural hearing loss in most patients affected by the disorder. The formation of cystic tissue in both the cochlea and vestibule, with resulting dilation (widening) and malformation of these delicate structures has been implicated.[7][9][17] Congenital deformations of the temporal bone and associated adverse anatomical effects on innervation and development of the inner ear also contribute to this type of hearing loss.[17][18]
CraniofacialEdit
Other abnormalities, affecting the scalp, head, face, jaw and teeth may be found with JBS. These include: ectodermal mid-line scalp defects with sparse, oddly-patterned hair growth;[2][9] aplasia cutis (underdeveloped, very thin skin) over the head,[19] an enlarged fontanelle ("soft spot" on the head of young infants),[14] microcephaly (undersized skull),[19] prominent forehead,[14] absence of eyebrows and eyelashes,[14] mongoloidal eye shape,[17] nasolacrimo-cutaneous fistulae (this refers to the formation of an abnormal secondary passageway from either the tear duct or lacrimal sac to the facial skin surface, possibly discharging fluid),[9] flattened ears,[14] micrognathism of the maxilla and mandible (underdevelopment of the upper and lower jaw, respectively), with the maxilla more prominently affected in some cases;[14][20][21] congenital clefting of bones surrounding the optical orbit (eye socket), such as the frontal and lacrimal bone;[20] and maldeveloped deciduous teeth ("baby teeth"), with an absence of permanent teeth.[9][14]
Effects on other organ systemsEdit
Additional congenital anomalies, effects on other organs, and less common features of JBS have included: imperforate anus (occlusion of the anus),[22] vesicoureteral reflux (reversal of the flow of urine, from the bladder back into the ureters, toward the kidneys);[14] duplex of the uterus and vagina in female infants,[7] neonatal cholestasis of the liver, with cirrhosis and portal hypertension (high blood pressure in the hepatic portal vein);[22] dilated cardiomyopathy,[23] dextrocardia (congenital displacement of the heart to the right side of the chest),[1] atrial and ventricular septal defect;[1] low birth-weight,[24] failure to thrive,[24] hypotonia (decreased muscle tone);[19] sacral hiatus (a structural deficiency of the sacral vertebrae),[24] congenital cataracts,[24] and cafe-au-lait spots.[2]
GeneticsEdit
Johanson-Blizzard syndrome has an autosomal recessive pattern of inheritance.
JBS is inherited in an autosomal recessive manner.[1] This means the defective gene responsible for the disorder is located on an autosome, and two copies of the defective gene (one inherited from each parent) are required in order to be born with the disorder. The parents of an individual with an autosomal recessive disorder both carry one copy of the defective gene, but usually do not experience any signs or symptoms of the disorder.[citation needed]
PathophysiologyEdit
Johanson–Blizzard syndrome is caused by mutations in the UBR1 gene, which encodes one of several ubiquitin ligase enzymes of the N-end rule pathway.[1][6]
The protein ubiquitin is a universal, "ubiquitously" expressed protein common to eukaryotic organisms. Ubiquitin plays a role in the regulation of other proteins by tagging them for eventual degradation by proteasomes.[25] This process begins when ubiquitin ligase covalently attaches a ubiquitin molecule to the lysine side chain of the target protein substrate (the misfolded, damaged, malfunctioning or unneeded protein that needs to be degraded). This is repeated a number of times in succession forming a chain of ubiquitin molecules, which is a process referred to as polyubiquitination. The polyubiquitination of the target protein signals the proteasome to break it down, which it does via proteolysis.[25] The ubiquitin-proteasome system plays a crucial role in the non-lysosomal degradation of intracellular proteins, and ubiquitin can also participate in modifying proteins to perform certain tasks.[25][26][27] Both degradation and modification of proteins within the cell are part of a broader regulatory scheme, necessary for cellular processes such as cell division, cell signalling, cell surface receptor function, apoptosis, DNA maintenance, inflammatory response and developmental quality control associated with the cell cycle and homeostasis in general.[26][27]
Ubiquitin-mediated degradation of proteins occurs through the N-end rule pathway.[28][29] In eukaryotes, including humans, the N-end rule pathway is part of the ubiquitin system.[28] Composed of a highly selective single-residue code (a single amino acid nucleotide sequence), the N-end rule serves as a mechanism which can relate the stability of a protein to the identity of the amino acid at its N-terminus (the end of the polypeptide with an amino group, which in the ubiquitin system may be involved in the reactive destabilization of the protein).[28][29][30]
In JBS, mutations in the UBR1 gene alter, disrupt or prevent the synthesis of ubiquitin ligase.[1][6] In the pancreatic acinar cells, UBR1 is more highly expressed than anywhere else in the body.[1] Impairment of the ubiquitin-proteasome system directly related to insufficient activity of ubiquitin ligase has been established as the cause of both congenital and progressive inflammatory damage, fatty tissue replacement, connective tissue proliferation and errors in innervation of the acini and islets, correlating to failures of normal apoptotic destruction of damaged cells and constitutive malpresence of proteins.[1][3][6] This also applies to other areas affected by deleterious UBR1 expression, such as the craniofacial area, musculoskeletal and nervous systems, dentition and organs.[1][6][22]
Missense, nonsense and splice site mutations of the UBR1 gene in both parents have been found with JBS, confirming the homozygous nature of the JBS phenotype. Variability of the phenotype, associated with residual ubiquitin ligase activity in some patients, has also been attributed to hypomorphic mutations occasionally found in either of the carrier parents.[1][3][6][22][23] The UBR1 gene is located on human chromosome 15.[6]
DiagnosisEdit
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TreatmentEdit
While there is no cure for JBS, treatment and management of specific symptoms and features of the disorder are applied and can often be successful. Variability in the severity of JBS on a case-by-case basis determines the requirements and effectiveness of any treatment selected.
Pancreatic insufficiency and malabsorption can be managed with pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy, such as pancrelipase supplementation and other related methods.[1]
Craniofacial and skeletal deformities may require surgical correction, using techniques including bone grafts and osteotomy procedures.[20] Sensorineural hearing loss can be managed with the use of hearing aids and educational services designated for the hearing impaired.[12][17]
Special education, specialized counseling methods and occupational therapy designed for those with mental retardation have proven to be effective, for both the patient and their families.[31] This, too, is carefully considered for JBS patients.
EponymEdit
Johanson–Blizzard syndrome was named after Ann J. Johanson and Robert M. Blizzard, the pediatricians who first described the disorder in a 1971 journal report.[15][32]
^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v Alkhouri N, Kaplan B, Kay M, Shealy A, Crowe C, Bauhuber S, Zenker M (Nov 2008). "Johanson-Blizzard syndrome with mild phenotypic features confirmed by UBR1 gene testing". World Journal of Gastroenterology. 14 (44): 6863–6866. doi:10.3748/wjg.14.6863. PMC 2773884. PMID 19058315. Archived from the original (Free full text) on 2012-02-18.
^ a b c d e Kulkarni ML, Shetty SK, Kallambella KS, Kulkarni PM (Dec 2004). "Johanson--blizzard syndrome". Indian Journal of Pediatrics. 71 (12): 1127–1129. doi:10.1007/BF02829829. PMID 15630323.
^ a b c d e Zenker M, Mayerle J, Reis A, Lerch MM (Jun 2006). "Genetic basis and pancreatic biology of Johanson-Blizzard syndrome". Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America. 35 (2): 243–253, vii–viii. doi:10.1016/j.ecl.2006.02.013. PMID 16632090.
^ a b Sandhu BK, Brueton MJ (November 1989). "Concurrent pancreatic and growth hormone insufficiency in Johanson-Blizzard syndrome". J. Pediatr. Gastroenterol. Nutr. 9 (4): 535–8. doi:10.1097/00005176-198911000-00026. PMID 2621533.
^ a b c Steinbach WJ, Hintz RL (Nov 2000). "Diabetes mellitus and profound insulin resistance in Johanson-Blizzard syndrome". Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology & Metabolism : JPEM. 13 (9): 1633–1636. doi:10.1515/jpem.2000.13.9.1633. ISSN 0334-018X. PMID 11154160.
^ a b c d e f g h Zenker M, Mayerle J, Lerch MM, Tagariello A, Zerres K, Durie PR, Beier M, Hülskamp G, Guzman C, Rehder H, Beemer FA, Hamel B, Vanlieferinghen P, Gershoni-Baruch R, Vieira MW, Dumic M, Auslender R, Gil-Da-Silva-Lopes VL, Steinlicht S, Rauh M, Shalev SA, Thiel C, Ekici AB, Winterpacht A, Kwon YT, Varshavsky A, Reis A (Dec 2005). "Deficiency of UBR1, a ubiquitin ligase of the N-end rule pathway, causes pancreatic dysfunction, malformations and mental retardation (Johanson-Blizzard syndrome)" (PDF). Nature Genetics. 37 (12): 1345–1350. doi:10.1038/ng1681. PMID 16311597.
^ a b c d e Rosanowski F, Hoppe U, Hies T, Eysholdt U (Oct 1998). "Johanson-Blizzard syndrome. A complex dysplasia syndrome with aplasia of the nasal alae and inner ear deafness". HNO. 46 (10): 876–878. doi:10.1007/s001060050328. PMID 9846268.
^ a b c d Takahashi T, Fujishima M, Tsuchida S, Enoki M, Takada G (Aug 2004). "Johanson-blizzard syndrome: loss of glucagon secretion response to insulin-induced hypoglycemia". Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology & Metabolism : JPEM. 17 (8): 1141–1144. doi:10.1515/jpem.2004.17.8.1141. ISSN 0334-018X. PMID 15379429.
^ a b c d e f Daentl DL, Frías JL, Gilbert EF, Opitz JM (1979). "The Johanson-Blizzard syndrome: case report and autopsy findings". American Journal of Medical Genetics. 3 (2): 129–135. doi:10.1002/ajmg.1320030203. PMID 474625.
^ Jones NL, Hofley PM, Durie PR (Sep 1994). "Pathophysiology of the pancreatic defect in Johanson-Blizzard syndrome: a disorder of acinar development". The Journal of Pediatrics. 125 (3): 406–408. doi:10.1016/S0022-3476(05)83286-X. PMID 8071749.
^ a b Nagashima K, Yagi H, Kuroume T (Feb 1993). "A case of Johanson-Blizzard syndrome complicated by diabetes mellitus". Clinical Genetics. 43 (2): 98–100. doi:10.1111/j.1399-0004.1993.tb04458.x. ISSN 0009-9163. PMID 8448911.
^ a b c Gould NS, Paton JB, Bennett AR (Jun 1989). "Johanson-Blizzard syndrome: clinical and pathological findings in 2 sibs". American Journal of Medical Genetics. 33 (2): 194–199. doi:10.1002/ajmg.1320330212. PMID 2669481.
^ Hoffman WH, Lee JR, Kovacs K, Chen H, Yaghmai F (Jan 2007). "Johanson-Blizzard syndrome: autopsy findings with special emphasis on hypopituitarism and review of the literature". Pediatric and Developmental Pathology. 10 (1): 55–60. doi:10.2350/06-05-0085.1. PMID 17378628.
^ a b c d e f g h Fichter CR, Johnson GA, Braddock SR, Tobias JD (January 2003). "Perioperative care of the child with the Johanson-Blizzard syndrome". Paediatric Anaesthesia. 13 (1): 72–5. doi:10.1046/j.1460-9592.2003.00957.x. PMID 12535044.
^ a b Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM) 243800
^ a b Moeschler JB, Polak MJ, Jenkins JJ, Amato RS (January 1987). "The Johanson-Blizzard syndrome: a second report of full autopsy findings". Am. J. Med. Genet. 26 (1): 133–8. doi:10.1002/ajmg.1320260120. PMID 3812553.
^ a b c d Braun J, Lerner A, Gershoni-Baruch R (1991). "The temporal bone in the Johanson-Blizzard syndrome. A CT study". Pediatric Radiology. 21 (8): 580–3. doi:10.1007/BF02012603. PMID 1815181.
^ Bamiou DE, Phelps P, Sirimanna T (March 2000). "Temporal bone computed tomography findings in bilateral sensorineural hearing loss". Arch. Dis. Child. 82 (3): 257–60. doi:10.1136/adc.82.3.257. PMC 1718255. PMID 10685935.
^ a b c Mardin MK, Ghandour M, Sakati NA, Nyhan WL (Nov 1978). "Johanson-Blizzard syndrome in a large inbred kindred with three involved members". Clin Genet. 14 (5): 247–250. doi:10.1111/j.1399-0004.1978.tb02141.x. PMID 709902.
^ a b c Kobayashi S, Ohmori K, Sekiguchi J (Sep 1995). "Johanson-Blizzard syndrome facial anomaly and its correction using a microsurgical bone graft and tripartite osteotomy". J Craniofac Surg. 6 (5): 382–385. doi:10.1097/00001665-199509000-00011. PMID 9020718.
^ Motohashi N, Pruzansky S, Day D (1981). "Roentgencephalometric analysis of craniofacial growth in the Johanson-Blizzard syndrome". J Craniofac Genet Dev Biol. 1 (1): 57–72. PMID 7341643.
^ a b c d Al-Dosari MS, Al-Muhsen S, Al-Jazaeri A, Mayerle J, Zenker M, Alkuraya FS (July 2008). "Johanson-Blizzard syndrome: report of a novel mutation and severe liver involvement". Am J Med Genet A. 146A (14): 1875–9. doi:10.1002/ajmg.a.32401. PMID 18553553.
^ a b Elting M, Kariminejad A, de Sonnaville ML, Ottenkamp J, Bauhuber S, Bozorgmehr B, Zenker M, Cobben JM (December 2008). "Johanson-Blizzard syndrome caused by identical UBR1 mutations in two unrelated girls, one with a cardiomyopathy". Am J Med Genet A. 146A (23): 3058–61. doi:10.1002/ajmg.a.32566. PMID 19006206.
^ a b c d Dumić M, Ille J, Bobonj G, Kordić R, Batinica S (May 1998). "Johanson-Blizzardov sindrom" [The Johanson-Blizzard syndrome]. Lijec Vjesn (in Croatian). 120 (5): 114–6. PMID 9748788.
^ a b c Wang J, Maldonado MA (August 2006). "The ubiquitin-proteasome system and its role in inflammatory and autoimmune diseases". Cell Mol Immunol. 3 (4): 255–61. PMID 16978533.
^ a b Ciechanover A (September 1994). "The ubiquitin-mediated proteolytic pathway: mechanisms of action and cellular physiology". Biol Chem Hoppe-Seyler. 375 (9): 565–81. doi:10.1515/bchm3.1994.375.8.565. PMID 7840898.
^ a b Ciechanover A, Iwai K (April 2004). "The ubiquitin system: from basic mechanisms to the patient bed". IUBMB Life. 56 (4): 193–201. doi:10.1080/1521654042000223616. PMID 15230346.
^ a b c Varshavsky A (January 1997). "The N-end rule pathway of protein degradation". Genes Cells. 2 (1): 13–28. doi:10.1046/j.1365-2443.1997.1020301.x. PMID 9112437.
^ a b Baker RT, Varshavsky A (February 1991). "Inhibition of the N-end rule pathway in living cells". Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 88 (4): 1090–4. doi:10.1073/pnas.88.4.1090. PMC 50962. PMID 1899923.
^ Gonda DK, Bachmair A, Wünning I, Tobias JW, Lane WS, Varshavsky A (October 1989). "Universality and structure of the N-end rule". J Biol Chem. 264 (28): 16700–12. PMID 2506181.
^ Prater JF, D'Addio K (March 2002). "Johanson-Blizzard syndrome--a case study, behavioral manifestations, and successful treatment strategies". Biol Psychiatry. 51 (6): 515–7. doi:10.1016/S0006-3223(01)01337-3. PMID 11922888.
^ Johanson A, Blizzard R (December 1971). "A syndrome of congenital aplasia of the alae nasi, deafness, hypothyroidism, dwarfism, absent permanent teeth, and malabsorption". J Pediatr. 79 (6): 982–7. doi:10.1016/S0022-3476(71)80194-4. PMID 5171616.
ICD-10: Q87.8
ICD-9-CM: 751.7
MeSH: C535880
DiseasesDB: 31914
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Johanson–Blizzard_syndrome&oldid=906166178"
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Nadal admits ‘hard to return to court’ after Monte Carlo shocker
Rafael Nadal admitted that it will be “hard to return to the practice court” after a shock semi-final defeat by Fabio Fognini ended his bid for a record-extending 12th Monte Carlo Masters title on Saturday.
The 17-time Grand Slam champion starts his Barcelona Open title defence on Wednesday, as he also fights to keep his world-number-two ranking before the French Open gets underway next month.
The 32-year-old said he played “one of my worst matches in 14 years on clay” in losing 6-4, 6-2 to Italian Fognini, having been forced to save three match points at 5-0 in the second set.
“It will be hard to return to the practice court,” a subdued Nadal said after his fourth loss to Fognini, three of which have come on his beloved clay.
“I lost an opportunity in a very important event for me. I’m sad for that.”
Nadal has struggled with knee injuries this season, and was playing his first event since withdrawing before an Indian Wells semi-final against Roger Federer last month.
“There was little chance for me to start the clay-court season in a perfect way,” he insisted.
“It was a bad day, the kind of day where the feeling is not there at all. It’s difficult to find positive ways today.”
Nadal was close to losing his first set to love in Monte Carlo since the 2005 final, where he beat Guillermo Coria in four sets.
“I was lucky to win two (second-set) games to avoid an even worse score,” he admitted.
“I’m thinking about how bad I played today, (trying to) understand the things.
“Coming back from injuries, winning and winning and winning is not easy.
“(It’s been a) year and a half of not having the chance to play tournaments in a row (due to injury).”
Nadal facing rankings slip
Nadal, who will be favourite to win a 12th French Open crown at Roland Garros, has plenty of ranking points on the line before heading to Paris, with titles to defend in Barcelona and Rome.
A slip outside the top two could set up a potential meeting with old rival Novak Djokovic, winner of the last three Grand Slam tournaments, before the final.
The ‘king of clay’ will have to bounce back quickly next week to allay fears he is now vulnerable on the red dirt.
“I played one of my worst matches on clay in 14 years,” he said.
“It’s difficult to find any positives — I deserved to lose.”
The Spanish great is yet to win an ATP title this season. The last year he reached May without a tournament victory was in 2004.
Fognini will face unheralded Serbian Dusan Lajovic in Sunday’s final — the first time since 2004 that neither Nadal, Djokovic nor Roger Federer have made it to the last day in the Principality.
No Pakistani included in World Cup 2019 team of the tournament
Djokovic leads Federer 2-1 in Wimbledon final
Roger Federer to face Novak Djokovic in Wimbledon final
World Cup Final: New Zealand loss 1 wicket
World Cup Final: New Zealand won toss, select to bat
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New Xade
Find sources: "New Xade" – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (August 2008) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)
Location of New Xade
New Xade is a village located in the central part of the Ghanzi District of Botswana. The population was 930 in 2001 census.[1]
1 A Relocation Settlement
2 Ethnic Groups and Languages Spoken
3 Effects of the Resettlement
4 Relocation Controversy & Court Case
5 Notable residents
A Relocation Settlement[edit]
In 1997, 1739 San (Bushmen) and other residents of the CKGR (including the Bakgalagadi) were relocated from the Central Kalahari Game Reserve by the Botswana government as part of the largest resettlement program ever undertaken in the country. 1239 of these relocated to Kg’oesakene (New Xade) and 500 to Kaudwane, outside the southern border of the CKGR in the Kwaneng district. The former settlement, intended to be named Kg'oesakene, meaning “looking for life”, by the residents, has come to be known by its administrative name, New Xade. A further resettlement of Central Kalahari residents took place in 2002. The government justified the relocation in order to conserve natural resources, provide services such as healthcare and education in a more practical manner, and to promote community development amongst the San. New Xade is located about 100 km from Ghanzi, the district capital, and 70 km from Xade, the former settlement in the CKGR for most of the residents. Although the residents were compensated for material possessions such as their huts, livestock and any other infrastructure they left behind, former Xade residents received no monetary remuneration or entitlement to the land they left behind. They did, however, receive plots in the newly created New Xade.
Ethnic Groups and Languages Spoken[edit]
As mentioned previously, there are a variety of ethnic groups present in New Xade. The three primary groups for which the settlement was created, all of whom were relocated from the Central Kalahari Game Reserve, are the G/ui (Dcuikhoe), G//ana (Dxanakhoe), and the Bakgalagadi. The indigenous languages spoken by these groups are G/ui (Dcui), G//ana (Dxana), and Sekgalagadi, respectively. With the growing presence of extension workers and nationalized education, Setswana is spoken widely and English fluency is increasing. Literacy, however is low in Setswana and English and nonexistent in G/ui and G//ana as these languages do not yet have an institutionalized orthography. With the presence of government extension workers and entrepreneurs, there are also a considerable number of Tswana residents, each with their own dialects, as well as a growing number of Naro residents who have come from neighboring settlements and Ghanzi farms. Most of the children residing in New Xade's primary school hostel speak the Naro language as they belong to the Naro ethnic group which occupies the areas around Ghanzi township and the Ghanzi farming block. Many of the hostel boarders were removed from situations of child labor on the Tswana cattle posts and Boer-owned farms in Ghanzi through the work of Thuto Isago Trust, a child labor and education project based in Ghanzi. It should also be noted that a large number of the Bakgalagadi residents came from Kweneng district to take advantage of entrepreneurial opportunities in the newly created settlement and to live closer to relatives involved in the relocation.
Effects of the Resettlement[edit]
View of New Xade's Clinic
From 2000 to 2001, an anthropological study was undertaken in New Xade by a Japanese anthropologist named Junko Maruyama to determine the impacts of the resettlement on the livelihood and social relationships of the relocates and to demonstrate how the residents have coped with the new situation and environment. At the time of the study, the population of the settlement was estimated to be 1100, consisting mainly of the San from the G/ui and G//ana language groups. The total populations of these two groups in Botswana are about 2350 and 1550, respectively (Cassiday, 2001). Therefore, the settlement contained approximately a quarter of the total G/ui and G//ana population in Botswana in the early 2000s, though that fraction has most likely increased in the past 6 years. It is difficult to know the exact number of people belonging to each ethnic group in the area, because the identity is flexible and inter-ethnic marriage occurs frequently among the G/ui, G//ana, Kgalagadi, and Naro.
According to Maruyama (2003), the lifestyle and residential pattern in New Xade changed drastically. New Xade currently has numerous facilities more typical of a large village in Botswana than a settlement: in the center, there is a large modern clinic and maternity ward (no longer used), primary school, tribal administration and police office, workshop, hostel, adult education center, local craft store, and mini-RAC with offices for Social & Community Development, Culture & Youth, Agriculture, and Rural Area Development Program. The Social and Community Development office currently has a bakery project in New Xade, which sells bread to the primary school once a week. A trailer run by Be-mobile offering internet and computing services was installed in 2012.
According to the research conducted by J. Maruyama, there are two main things that have been changed due to the 1997 resettlement program. First, although the residents’ access to social and economic welfare program improved, their access to natural resources declined significantly. Consequently, people were forced to shift their principal means of livelihood from hunting and gathering to wage labor and agropastoralism. Second, San families ceased to form the camps that had functioned as a production-consumption unit. Furthermore, the residential mobility decreased; they were no longer allowed to move anywhere they liked, as was the custom.
Relocation Controversy & Court Case[edit]
Young G/ui boy in New Xade
The Botswana Government's relocation program has contributed to an international controversy fueled by a London-based NGO called Survival International. The protest raised by Survival International (SI) and other international organizations is based on the claim that indigenous peoples worldwide have a right to their ancestral land. These organizations have compared the dispossession of the San in the Kalahari to that of other indigenous peoples by colonial governments in other parts of the world. However, the Botswana government does not accept the concept of “indigenous peoples” and has not ratified international treaties that identify the rights of indigenous and tribal peoples, such as Convention No. 169 of the International Labour Organization. According to SI, even if the San have no legal right to live in the CKGR (which SI does not accept), the San were undoubtedly in possession of their settlements at the date of the relocations. SI argues that the San were deprived of that possession against their free will, and that they are therefore entitled to be restored to their possessions under the doctrine of "spoliation", which formed the basis of SI and First People of the Kalahari’s claims against the Government of Botswana in a landmark court case. Though the court case was decided in December 2006 in favor of the San applicants, it has been argued that the Botswana Government has not followed through with the ruling and is unlawfully preventing the former CKGR residents from returning to their home villages in the CKGR by preventing access to hunting licenses and boreholes for water.
The Botswana Government justified its conduct on various grounds. It has invoked the need to protect the viability of the wildlife population in the Reserve; the prohibitive cost of the provision of basic services to the settlements; and its desire to introduce the San to the mainstream of Botswana society and development.
Survival International has also launched an extensive campaign against the government and the DeBeers Diamond Company claiming that diamond prospecting was one of the primary reasons for the relocation. Though the government denies any such allegations, the campaign has threatened both the tourism and diamond industries of Botswana, its two biggest assets. In May 2007, DeBeers sold its shares in a diamond deposit at Gope (in southeastern CKGR) to Gem Diamonds. In 2008, initial plans were announced to open a mine at Gope through Gem Diamonds Ltd. and tenders were awarded for tourist lodges within the CKGR. One such tender for a planned lodge development at Molapo, a Bushmen community in the CKGR from which many New Xade residents were relocated, was put out by the government and awarded to the Safari Adventure Company, a subsidiary of Wilderness Safaris, a South African business.
The Botswana government has openly and harshly criticized the claims and tactics of SI calling them “a cheap, calculated and malicious use of the San of the Central Kgalagadi as a fundraising gimmick.” Furthermore, the Government has sponsored numerous “fact-finding” missions into the CKGR and resettlement sites for foreign diplomats in an effort to dispel SI's claims.
Notable residents[edit]
Roy Sesana: Human rights activist (Co-Founder of First People of the Kalahari) and winner of the Right Livelihood Award for his work defending the land rights of CKGR residents.
Kuela Kiema: Human rights activist (Board member of First Peoples Worldwide) and producer of indigenous music album "Bilo Bilo Heri".
Jumanda Gakelebone: Human rights activist. Spokesperson for First People of the Kalahari.
Kgosi Lobatse Beslag: Current Chief of New Xade. Member of the House of Chiefs. Participated in numerous international tours to defend government relocation policy. Advocates for sustainable income-generation projects in rural settlements.
Councilor Paepae Raseme: Current Councilor of New Xade.
^ "Distribution of population by sex by villages and their associated localities: 2001 population and housing census". Archived from the original on 2007-11-24. Retrieved 2007-12-11.
Ghanzi District of the Republic of Botswana
Urban villages
Rural villages
Chobokwane
Dekar
East Hanahai
Groote Laagte
Kacgae
Karakobis
Makunda
New Xanagas
Ncojane
Qabo
Tsootsha
West Hanahai
Coordinates: 22°7′21.2″S 22°25′1″E / 22.122556°S 22.41694°E / -22.122556; 22.41694
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=New_Xade&oldid=897421917"
Ghanzi District
Villages in Botswana
Articles needing additional references from August 2008
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Royal Rumble (2000)
2000 World Wrestling Federation pay-per-view event
For the video game released in 2000, see WWF Royal Rumble (2000 video game).
Promotional poster featuring various WWF wrestlers
World Wrestling Federation
January 23, 2000[1]
New York, New York[1]
Madison Square Garden[1]
Tagline(s)
The Road to WrestleMania Begins
Pay-per-view chronology
Armageddon Next →
Royal Rumble chronology
1999 Next →
Royal Rumble (2000) was the thirteenth annual Royal Rumble professional wrestling pay-per-view (PPV) event produced by the World Wrestling Federation (WWF). It took place on January 23, 2000, at Madison Square Garden in New York, New York.[1]
The main event was the Royal Rumble match, which The Rock won by last eliminating The Big Show to win the match. The undercard included a street fight match between Triple H and Cactus Jack for the WWF Championship, a Triple Threat match for the WWF Intercontinental Championship, and the New Age Outlaws defending their WWF Tag Team Championship against The Acolytes.[3][4]
This Royal Rumble was the first WWF pay-per-view event to air on terrestrial television in the United Kingdom, as Channel 4 had acquired the rights to broadcast World Wrestling Federation programming that year. The Royal Rumble aired live, with commercial breaks—a format that was changed for later PPV's on Channel 4.
1 Storylines
2.1 Sunday Night Heat
2.2 Preliminary matches
2.3 Main event
3 Aftermath
4.1 Royal Rumble entrances and eliminations
Storylines[edit]
The main feud going into the event was between Triple H and Mick Foley. The McMahon-Helmsley Faction began in late 1999, where Triple H and Stephanie McMahon-Helmsley had control over the WWF, and scheduling unreasonable matches for the wrestlers.[5] Foley objected to this, and the faction attacked several times before finally firing him.[6][7] On the January 3 episode of Raw is War, Triple H won the WWF Championship, and mocked Foley with an impersonator.[8] On the January 10 episode of Raw is War, The Rock brought every superstar to the ring, demanding that Foley be reinstated or the entire roster would walk out. Foley was reinstated, and he requested a Street Fight for the WWF Championship at Royal Rumble. Foley and Triple H fought in a four-on-four tag team match later that night. Triple H pinned Foley after using the ring bell, and delivering two Pedigrees. After the match, Foley took off his mask, and attacked Triple H.[9] On the January 13 episode of SmackDown!, Foley returned to his Cactus Jack persona (a more violent and psychotic character) by taking off his Mankind attire to reveal his Cactus Jack attire.[10]
Buildup towards the Royal Rumble match began on January 10, when The Rock announced his participation in the match and a week later guaranteed victory. The Big Show also declared his intention to win the match. Later that night, The Rock and The Big Show faced the New Age Outlaws. At the end, Big Show attacked The Rock, who then hit Big Show with a steel chair, and a People's Elbow.[11] On the January 20 episode of SmackDown!, a confrontation between The Big Show and The Rock was interrupted by Tori, who declared Kane the favorite, leading to a Triple Threat Over-the-Top-Rope Lumberjack match. In the match, the Big Show eliminated The Rock with a chokeslam, and Kane eliminated The Big Show with a back body drop to win, sparking a fight involving all the competitors and lumberjacks.[12]
Another feud going into the event was between Chris Jericho, Chyna and Hardcore Holly over the WWF Intercontinental Championship. After a title match between Chyna and Jericho on the December 30 episode of SmackDown! ended in a double pinfall,[13] both were declared co-champions. Despite tension between Jericho and Chyna, the two were forced to work together and helped each other retain the title,[10] including in title defenses against Hardcore Holly,[8] who challenged Jericho and Chyna to a Triple Threat match to resolve the title situation.
Event[edit]
Other on-screen talent[14]
Commentator Jerry Lawler
Carlos Cabrera (Spanish)
Hugo Savinovich (Spanish)
Interviewer Jonathan Coachman
Ring announcer Howard Finkel
WWF New York Linda McMahon
Referee Jack Doan
Earl Hebner
Jim Korderas
Theodore Long
Chad Patton
Mike Sparks
Sunday Night Heat[edit]
The pay-per-view was preceded by an episode of Sunday Night Heat, which aired live on USA Network and included backstage interviews from Madison Square Garden as well as several participants drawing their entry numbers for the Royal Rumble match. An upset Kaientai and The Mean Street Posse were shown backstage not being able to draw numbers because they were denied entry into the Rumble match. The Big Show also did a live in-ring promo talking about his entry in the Rumble match.[15]
Preliminary matches[edit]
The first match of the event was between Kurt Angle and an unannounced opponent. Before the match, Angle spoke to the audience, putting down the New York Knicks, and his opponent. Tazz then made his WWF debut as Angle's opponent. Tazz gained the early advantage, performing a back body drop, sending Angle outside the ring. Angle gained the advantage after performing a vertical suplex outside the ring. After performing a belly to belly suplex, Angle climbed the turnbuckles, but Tazz hit the ropes. Angle fell onto the top turnbuckle, and Tazz performed a belly to belly suplex off the turnbuckles. Angle regained the advantage after a small package, and a bridging German suplex. Tazz then countered an Olympic slam into a German suplex. After a T-Bone suplex and a Head and arm suplex, Tazz applied the Tazzmission. Angle passed out and Tazz won the match, ending Angle's undefeated streak.[3][4]
The second match was the first-ever Tag Team Tables match, between the Hardy Boyz (Matt Hardy and Jeff Hardy) and the Dudley Boyz (Bubba Ray Dudley and D-Von Dudley). Before the match, the Dudley Boyz insulted the fans, expressing their dislike for the booing of John Rocker. The Hardy Boyz gained the advantage with a double superplex to Bubba Ray, and the use of a ladder. After using the chair, Matt placed Bubba Ray on a table outside the ring. Matt then performed a diving leg drop as Jeff performed a diving splash (known as the Event Omega) on Bubba Ray through the table. The Hardy Boyz then placed D-Von on a table outside the ring. Matt attempted a diving leg drop through the table, but D-Von avoided it. Jeff then attempted a suicide senton, but missed, sending himself into a table. Bubba Ray performed a superbomb through a table on Matt. The Dudley Boyz then beat down the Hardy Boyz, and stacked tables in the entrance way under a balcony in the seating area. Bubba Ray dragged Jeff to the balcony, but Jeff performed a low blow, and used a chair on Bubba Ray. Matt moved as Bubba Ray fell through the tables. Matt then placed D-Von onto a table, and Jeff sent him through it with a Swanton Bomb from the balcony for the Hardy Boyz to win the match.[3][4]
Next was the Miss Rumble 2000 swimsuit contest. The contestants were Ivory, Terri, Jacqueline, Barbara Bush, Luna Vachon, and The Kat, while the judges consisted of comedian Andy Richter and WWF alumni Sgt. Slaughter, Tony Garea, Johnny Valiant, Freddie Blassie, and The Fabulous Moolah. The contestants showed their swimsuits, though Luna refused to take off her coat. As the judges were deciding, Mae Young appeared, and announced her participation in the contest. After showing her swimsuit, she flashed her breasts. The video was censored before Mark Henry covered her up. The judges then unanimously decided Young as the winner.[3][4]
The third match was a Triple Threat match for the WWF Intercontinental Championship between Hardcore Holly, and co-champions Chris Jericho and Chyna. Before the match, Jericho declared his plans for a celebration after winning the match. The match went back and forth before Holly sent Chyna outside the ring. Jericho then fought with Holly, applying the Walls of Jericho. Chyna returned to the ring, and attacked Jericho. Jericho performed a springboard splash to Holly outside the ring. Back in the ring, Chyna performed a handspring back elbow, and a DDT to Jericho. Chyna attempted a pin, but Holly returned and threw her out of the ring. All three were outside the ring, and Holly attempted to use a chair, but Chyna performed a dropkick to the chair into Holly's face. In the ring, Chyna performed a diving splash onto Holly, and Jericho performed a diving splash onto both of them. Chyna countered a belly to back suplex, and performed a low blow to Jericho. Chyna then performed a Pedigree to Holly. Jericho performed a diving crossbody to Chyna, who was on Holly's shoulders. Chyna performed a superplex to Holly, hit him with a chair, and applied the Walls of Jericho. Jericho then performed a one-handed bulldog, and a Lionsault to Chyna, to pin her for the victory. Jericho gained sole possession of the title as a result.[3][4]
The fourth match was between the New Age Outlaws (Road Dogg and Billy Gunn) and The Acolytes (Faarooq and Bradshaw) for the WWF Tag Team Championship. Before the match, the New Age Outlaws delivered their signature speech to the audience. The Acolytes gained the early advantage after a fallaway slam from Bradshaw to Gunn. After avoiding an attack in the corner, Bradshaw performed the Clothesline from Hell on Gunn. Faarooq then executed a spinebuster on Dogg. As Faarooq attempted a pin, Gunn pulled the referee outside the ring, and Bradshaw knocked down both Gunn and the referee. After The Acolytes performed an aided powerbomb on Dogg, X-Pac came down to interfere, and performed a spinning heel kick on Bradshaw. Gunn then pinned Bradshaw after a Fameasser to retain the title.[3][4]
The fifth match was between Triple H and Cactus Jack in a Street Fight for the WWF Championship. Jack gained the early advantage after repeated punches, and they fought outside the ring, where Triple H hit Jack with the ring bell. Triple H then hit Jack with a chair, but Jack got up, and performed a leg drop with the chair. The fight continued into the audience, with Jack performing a suplex onto pallets, and using a trash can. Triple H performed a belly to back suplex, but Jack came back with a running knee lift into the steel steps. Jack attempted to use a barbed wire two-by-four, but Triple H performed a low blow, and used the weapon on Jack. Jack came back, hit Triple H's groin with the weapon, and performed a double arm DDT. Jack attacked Triple H's head repeatedly with the weapon. Jack attempted a back to belly piledriver through the announce table, but Triple H countered with a back body drop. Jack countered a Pedigree attempt and performed a bulldog onto the two-by-four. Triple H performed a hip toss into the steps, and targeted Jack's knees, using the two-by-four. Triple H then handcuffed Jack but as he tried to use the steel steps, Jack performed a drop toe hold, sending Triple H's head into the steps. Triple H came back by using the chair. The Rock came out, and struck Triple H with a chair, as a police officer removed Jack's handcuffs. Jack performed a pulling Texas piledriver on the announce table, and spilled a bag of thumbtacks in the ring. Triple H came back with a back body drop onto the thumbtacks, and a Pedigree for a near-fall. Triple H finally performed a Pedigree onto the thumbtacks to win, and retain his title. After the match, Triple H was lifted onto a stretcher but Jack caught up to the emergency staff as they left the ringside area, pushed Triple H on the stretcher back to the ring, and hit Triple H with the two-by-four again.[3][4]
The Rock won the 2000 Royal Rumble match.
Main event[edit]
The main event was the Royal Rumble match. During the match, non-participants Kaientai (Funaki and Taka Michinoku) repeatedly and randomly entered the ring, and attacked the participants. They were thrown out soon after each time. Rikishi, the fifth entrant, dominated upon entering, and eliminated all except Grand Master Sexay. Scotty 2 Hotty entered next, and the three Too Cool members danced in the ring until Rikishi eliminated the other two, and continued to dance. Rikishi eliminated the first to eighth entrants. The Big Boss Man, the ninth entrant, refused to enter the ring until Test, the following entrant, threw him in. During Kaientai's second interference, Taka was injured when he was thrown out of the ring, and sent to the hospital. Funaki continued to interfere by himself. It took six men to eliminate Rikishi. After Faarooq, the eighteenth entrant, entered, non-participants Mean Street Posse came out, and attacked Faarooq, helping The Big Boss Man eliminate him. Bradshaw, entering twenty-seventh, was attacked by the Mean Street Posse, and eliminated soon after. Faarooq came out and, with Bradshaw, fought with the Mean Street Posse backstage.[3][4]
The final four participants in the Royal Rumble match were The Rock, The Big Show, Kane, and X-Pac. The New Age Outlaws pulled Kane out of the ring, and attacked him. The Rock eliminated X-Pac, but the referees were preoccupied with Kane and did not see this. X-Pac re-entered the match. Kane hit an enzuigiri, and a scoop slam on The Big Show, but X-Pac then eliminated Kane with a spinning heel kick. X-Pac hit The Big Show with a Bronco buster, but The Big Show eliminated him with a gorilla press drop, leaving The Rock and The Big Show. The Rock performed a spinebuster and a People's Elbow, but The Big show came back with a chokeslam. The Big Show had The Rock on his shoulder, and attempted to throw him over the top rope, but The Rock hung onto the rope, and pulled The Big Show over. The Rock won the match.
Aftermath[edit]
Triple H and Cactus Jack's feud continued into No Way Out, the following pay-per-view. On the January 31 episode of Raw is War, Jack fought Triple H in a match where Mick Foley beat Triple H down.[16] The following week, Triple H, in an attempt to end their feud, made a match between the two for the WWF Championship at No Way Out, but Foley would have to retire if he lost. Jack then decided that the match would be a Hell in a Cell match.[17]
The Big Show started a feud with The Rock. The Big Show claimed that The Rock was eliminated first when his feet hit the floor before The Big Show's.[18] During the following weeks, The Big Show attempted to gather evidence to prove his claim. He finally produced video evidence to Triple H and was granted a match at No Way Out against The Rock for a WWF Championship match at WrestleMania 2000.[19] However years later, in 2016, when the Rock made his return to WWE in his hometown of Miami, he met Big Show backstage and said that he (Big Show) should have been the winner of that Royal Rumble.
The feud between Chris Jericho, Chyna and Hardcore Holly ended when Holly failed to win the WWF Intercontinental Championship from Jericho, and Chyna aligned herself with Jericho.[18] Jericho moved on to feud with Kurt Angle. Angle won the WWF European Championship on the February 10 episode of SmackDown!, and on the February 14 episode of Raw is War, Angle challenged Jericho to a match for the WWF Intercontinental Championship at No Way Out.[20]
The feud between the Hardy Boyz and the Dudley Boyz continued, with Edge and Christian joining the feud. While initially showing respect, the Dudley Boyz attacked the Hardy Boyz during their match on the January 24 episode of Raw is War.[18] On the January 27 episode of SmackDown!, Edge and Christian supported the Hardy Boyz and fought the Dudley Boyz, who put Edge and Christian through a table.[21] On the January 31 episode of Raw is War, the Hardy Boyz put the Dudley Boyz through tables, and, later, the Dudley Boyz put the Hardy Boyz through three stacked tables.[16] On the February 14 episode of Raw is War, D-Von Dudley defeated Edge and Jeff Hardy to earn a shot at the WWF Tag Team Championship at No Way Out, starting their feud with the champions the New Age Outlaws. Also during the match, the Hardy Boyz had a confrontation with Edge and Christian, starting their feud. They would also have a match at No Way Out.[20]
Results[3][22]
Times[3]
Tazz defeated Kurt Angle by submission Singles match 03:15
The Hardy Boyz (Jeff Hardy and Matt Hardy) defeated The Dudley Boyz (Bubba Ray Dudley and D-Von Dudley) Tag team tables match 10:18
Chris Jericho (c) defeated Chyna (c) and Hardcore Holly Triple threat match for the Undisputed WWF Intercontinental Championship 07:31
The New Age Outlaws (Billy Gunn and Road Dogg) (c) defeated The Acolytes (Bradshaw and Faarooq) Tag team match for the WWF Tag Team Championship 02:39
Triple H (c) defeated Cactus Jack Street Fight for the WWF Championship 26:55
The Rock won by last eliminating Big Show 30-man Royal Rumble match for a WWF Championship match at WrestleMania 2000 51:54
(c) – refers to the champion(s) heading into the match
Royal Rumble entrances and eliminations[edit]
A new entrant came out approximately every 90 seconds.[14]
Draw[3]
Entrant[3]
Order[23]
Eliminated by[23]
Time[23]
Eliminations
1 D'Lo Brown 3 Rikishi 06:08 0
2 Grand Master Sexay 4 07:42 0
3 Mosh 1 03:37 0
4 Christian 2 02:08 0
5 Rikishi 8 Big Boss Man, Bob Backlund, Edge, Gangrel, Test & The British Bulldog 16:23 7
6 Scotty 2 Hotty 5 Rikishi 01:02 0
7 Steve Blackman 6 00:44 0
8 Viscera 7 01:25 0
9 Big Boss Man 15 The Rock 22:47 3
10 Test 17 Big Show 26:17 1
11 The British Bulldog 13 Road Dogg 15:22 1
12 Gangrel 18 Big Show 23:19 1
13 Edge 14 Al Snow & Val Venis 14:48 1
14 Bob Backlund 9 Chris Jericho 02:00 1
15 Chris Jericho 10 Chyna 03:47 1
16 Crash Holly 16 The Rock 14:54 0
17 Chyna 11 Big Boss Man 00:38 1
18 Faarooq 12 00:18 0
19 Road Dogg 25 Billy Gunn 19:02 2
20 Al Snow 24 The Rock 17:17 2
21 Val Venis 20 Kane 11:47 1
22 Prince Albert 21 11:23 0
23 Hardcore Holly 22 Al Snow 11:48 0
24 The Rock - Winner 14:47 4
25 Billy Gunn 26 Kane 09:38 2
26 Big Show 29 The Rock 11:12 4
27 Bradshaw 19 Billy Gunn & Road Dogg 00:25 0
28 Kane 27 X-Pac 06:11 3
29 The Godfather 23 Big Show 01:32 0
30 X-Pac 28 Big Show[1] 03:32 1
^ X-Pac was originally thrown out by The Rock however the referees were distracted by the Outlaws beating up Kane so he got back in the ring, then after the Outlaws left and Kane and the referees got back, Big Show eliminated X-Pac
^ At the end of the match, the Big Show was about to throw the Rock over the top rope. Both superstars went over the top rope, but before the Big Show's feet touched the ground, the Rock's feet were already on the arena floor without the referees noticing. Then the Rock was declared winner.
^ a b c d "WWF Royal Rumble PPV Results History". TWNP. Retrieved 2008-04-04.
^ "2000 Royal Rumble results". Pro Wrestling History. Retrieved 2011-01-30.
^ a b c d e f g h i j k l Powell, John (2000-01-24). "Rocky wins the Rumble". Slam! Sports. Canadian Online Explorer. Retrieved 2008-04-04.
^ a b c d e f g h Martin, Calvin (2000-01-23). "Royal Rumble Results". Lords of Pain. Archived from the original on 2008-03-28. Retrieved 2008-04-04. [unreliable source]
^ "WWF RAW is WAR Results". Lords of Pain. 1999-12-13. Archived from the original on 2008-03-06. Retrieved 2008-04-04. [unreliable source]
^ "WWF Smackdown Results". Lords of Pain. 1999-12-23. Archived from the original on 2008-03-06. Retrieved 2008-04-04. [unreliable source]
^ Martin, Calvin (1999-12-27). "WWF Monday Night Raw Results". Lords of Pain. Archived from the original on 2008-03-28. Retrieved 2008-04-04. [unreliable source]
^ a b Martin, Calvin (2000-01-03). "WWF Monday Night Raw Results". Lords of Pain. Archived from the original on 2007-12-19. Retrieved 2008-04-04. [unreliable source]
^ "WWF Monday Night Raw Results". Lords of Pain. 2000-01-11. Archived from the original on 2007-12-19. Retrieved 2008-04-04. [unreliable source]
^ a b "WWF Smackdown Results". Lords of Pain. 2000-01-13. Archived from the original on 2008-03-06. Retrieved 2008-04-04. [unreliable source]
^ Ponton, Nick (2000-01-17). "WWF Monday Night Raw Results". Lords of Pain. Archived from the original on 2007-12-19. Retrieved 2008-04-04. [unreliable source]
^ a b "WWF Royal Rumble 2000". Hoffco. Retrieved 2008-04-04.
^ http://www.thehistoryofwwe.com/00.htm
^ a b Ponton, Nick (2000-02-01). "WWF Monday Night Raw Results". Lords of Pain. Archived from the original on 2007-12-19. Retrieved 2008-04-05. [unreliable source]
^ Ponton, Nick (2000-02-07). "WWF Raw is Raw Results". Lords of Pain. Archived from the original on 2008-03-14. Retrieved 2008-04-05. [unreliable source]
^ a b c Ponton, Nick (2000-01-25). "WWF Monday Night Raw Results". Lords of Pain. Archived from the original on 2007-12-19. Retrieved 2008-04-04. [unreliable source]
^ a b Ponton, Nick (2000-02-15). "WWF Raw is War Results". Lords of Pain. Archived from the original on 2007-12-19. Retrieved 2008-04-04. [unreliable source]
^ "Royal Rumble 2000". Pro Wrestling History. Retrieved 2008-04-04.
^ a b c "Royal Rumble 2000". Pro Wrestling History. Retrieved January 15, 2013.
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Tag Archives: Oakland Raiders
10 Plausible NFL Conspiracies
With the 2014 NFL season upon us, Enter the Razorback decided to take a different approach in covering kickoff week. The list below profiles some of the league’s most noteworthy — and plausible — conspiracy theories.
10. Jimmy Hoffa was buried under Giants Stadium
The infamous union activist disappeared in 1975, around the same time construction was underway on Giants Stadium. Based on accounts from hitmen allegedly involved with Hoffa’s death, they dismembered his body before dropping the remains inside a concrete drum located at the construction site. Mythbusters investigated the rumors and came up empty. But if Hoffa’s body wasn’t there, how else do you explain Jerry Rice’s fumble in the ’86 playoffs?
9. Dome teams pump in crowd noise
Now that domed stadiums are ubiquitous across the NFL, accusations that teams pump in artificial noise have increased tenfold. Numerous coaches and players complain about the nuisance, which dates back to the late 1980s when the Minnesota Vikings’ Metrodome drew unwanted attention for its ear-splitting cheers.
More recently, the Indianapolis Colts, were charged with pumping in noise during the 2007 season. Despite the peculiar sounds coming through fans’ TV screens, the Colts were cleared of any wrongdoing on the dubious explanation that it was a technical glitch inside the RCA Dome.
8. Pro football is rife with Adderall abuse
The Seattle Seahawks have taken the brunt of negative headlines regarding NFL players testing positive for Adderall. The drug, which is primarily used to treat attention deficit disorders and narcolepsy, can also serve as a “cognitive enhancer.” It’s become a popular supplement for players looking to gain an “edge” on game day.
Recent busts involved two of Seattle’s high-profile defensive stars, Bruce Irvin and Richard Sherman. Both players took Adderall looking for the upper-hand over the competition. Trying to deflect attention, Sherman claimed that “half the league uses Adderall.” A ominous statement for sure, but there have been a significant number of suspensions tied to the use of similar amphetamines over the last five years.
7. Does the NFL “hate” the Oakland Raiders?
Talk to any Raiders fan and you’ll hear endless stories about how the NFL has a grudge against Oakland. And evidence suggests that Raider Nation has a legitimate gripe.
For starters, there was a well-known rivalry between longtime Raiders owner Al Davis and former NFL Commissioner Pete Rozelle. There were endless stories (usually one-sided) that Rozelle did everything in his power to undermine Davis, which culminated in a heated legal battle when Oakland tried to move to LA. But Davis didn’t make things easy. The abrasive owner drew the ire of the NFL in the late 60s, when he spurred a bidding war between the rival leagues. There’s also the issue of the 1983 NFL draft, when the Raiders failed to land John Elway and Davis blamed it on meddling by league officials.
More recent accusations have been hurled thanks to the infamous “Tuck rule” and examples of questionable officiating that have hindered Oakland’s success.
6. Super Bowl III was fixed
It would be a travesty if the biggest upset in NFL history was actually a well-crafted ploy to drum up support for the AFL-NFL merger. But over the last four decades, Super Bowl III has been the target of several conspiracy theories, namely that it was rigged.
Colts fans often point to the bizarre interception(s) thrown by quarterback Earl Morrall, as evidence of foul play. Morrall, who was the MVP of 1968, missed a wide-open Jimmy Orr, who was waving his hands in the end zone late in the first half. Former Colts players have chimed in as well, claiming that the New York Jets needed to win to keep the AFL afloat. Bubba Smith, Baltimore’s Pro Bowl defensive end, possibly referring to the looming merger, that there was too much money at stake for the Jets to lose.
There’s also allegations that Colts owner Carroll Rosenbloom bet against his own team and that Jets quarterback Joe Namath was urged by the mafia to throw the game.
5. The NFL orchestrated the “Blackout Bowl”
The Baltimore Ravens put a stranglehold on the San Fransisco 49ers in Super Bowl XLVII. And with the Ravens leading 28-6 early in the second half, a Baltimore victory seemed to be little more than a formality.
Then the unexpected happened.
The Louisiana Superdome suffered a power outage, resulting in a 34-minute delay. The break revitalized the 49ers, who scored 17 unanswered points. San Fransisco’s incredible comeback turned the game from a blowout into a nail-biter. This sudden shift in momentum kept the NFL from losing viewers, and thus billions in advertising dollars — or so one theory says.
While Baltimore held on for a thrilling victory, current and former Ravens players contend the NFL was plotting against them. Hall of Fame linebacker Ray Lewis said the blackout happened to make the game more competitive; meanwhile, teammate Terrell Suggs claimed NFL commissioner Roger Goodell used “parlor tricks” because of a personal bias against Baltimore.
Other theories cast a large net of blame, citing everyone from irate New Orleans Saints and 49ers fans, to Bane and Beyonce as the true culprits.
4. LA is just a bargaining chip
When the Raiders and Rams departed Los Angeles in the mid 1990s, the possibility of SoCal recouping a pro football team has been a never-ending saga of letdowns. It seems every other season a well-established franchise is on the brink of moving to LA.
Usually, the threat is spurred by the team wanting a new stadium (with a lot of help from the taxpayers). Over the past decade, cities routinely caved and agreed to help fund new facilities. But do these stadium deals really just serve to keep teams in their original or current cities. In fact, what if moving to LA is just a threat that owners agreed could be used to hold cities (and their taxpayers) on the hook for construction expenses?
Some writers are convinced the NFL has left LA for good. Empty threats from owners (the last franchise to relocate was the Houston Oilers, which moved from Houston to Nashville in 1997 to become the Tennessee Titans), the NFL’s unapologetic plans to put a franchise in Europe and Goodell’s reticence to commit a team to the region give this theory credence.
3. Spygate was worse than we thought
Not long after Goodell took over as commissioner, news broke in fall 2007 that the New England Patriots had videotaped the New York Jets’ signal calls during a recent game. Those who viewed the tapes said it gave the Patriots an unfair advantage, but the real news stemmed from complaints that the Pats had been videotaping their opponents for years, including the St. Louis Rams’ practice ahead of Super Bowl XXXVI, which New England won.
Since the NFL destroyed the notes and videotapes associated with Spygate not long after its investigation, some have charged the league with covering up rampant cheating by the Patriots. Another theory says that the scandal is more complex. Supposedly, this type of behavior is so widespread that New England coach Bill Belichick sent Goodell tapes from other teams videotaping their opponents’ practices. The commissioner, fearful to clamp down on systemic cheating, chose only to punish New England and protect the NFL’s image.
2. The ’99 Browns were “set up to fail”
In 1995, the NFL expanded to 30 teams when it added the Carolina Panthers and Jacksonville Jaguars. Both teams quickly found success, reaching their respective conference championships the following season. Their meteoric rise — unprecedented for expansion teams — allegedly rankled owners of more established clubs. So when Cleveland regained a franchise in 1999, established NFL owners conspired to curb the Browns’ efforts to field a competitive team.
The theory, postulated by former Cleveland sports writer Terry Pluto, is one of the most well-researched entries on the list. Backed up by loads of peculiar evidence, which includes numerous examples of roadblocks the Browns faced thanks to the league’s other owners, the theory’s implications are startling. It serves as an explanation as to why the Browns have struggled mightily since rejoining the NFL. And while it doesn’t totally absolve the Browns of their failures since returning to Ohio, it certainly explains some of their early hurdles.
1. Who was New England’s “man in the trench coat”?
NFL fans would have a hard time recognizing the New England Patriots in their formative years.
Known as the Boston Patriots for the first decade of their existence, the club only made one playoff appearance between 1960-1970. The Pats wouldn’t appear in a Super Bowl until the 80s, and nearly 20 more years would pass before they became one of the dominant franchise of the modern era.
One thing those early Patriots teams did have going for them was sterling fan support. Playing inside the constricted confines of Fenway Park, fans were often right on top of the action. It wasn’t uncommon for fans to stand along the sidelines during a game or pat players on the back near the team benches. And in 1961, one fan took advantage of that unfettered access, helping the Pats pull off a much-needed victory.
The unknown fan, identified only by his trench coat, was standing directly behind the opponent’s end zone during the game’s waning minutes. With New England leading the Dallas Texans 28-21 late in the fourth quarter, the Texans were threatening at the Patriots goal line. But as Dallas’ Cotton Davidson dropped back to pass, the overzealous fan sprinted onto the field and deflected the ball. As soon as the ball hit the turf, the crowd stormed onto the field. No one, not even the officials, realized what happened until the film was reviewed nearly a week later by coaches.
The gentleman became known in Patriots lore as the “man in the trench coat.” Rumors were rampant that the fan was actually Patriots owner Billy Sullivan, who was often spotted in a similar trench coat. Sullivan embraced the publicity, never denying the rumors.
Standard | Posted in Culture, Football | Tagged Adderall, Al Davis, Baltimore Colts, Bill Belichick, Billy Sullivan, Blackout Bowl, Bruce Irvin, Bubba Smith, Carolina Panthers, Carroll Rosenbloom, Cleveland Browns, Cotton Davidson, Dallas Texans, Earl Morall, Fenway Park, Giants Stadium, Indianapolis Colts, Jacksonville Jaguars, Jerry Rice, Jimmy Hoffa, Joe Namath, Los Angeles Raiders, Los Angeles Rams, Louisiana Superdome, Metrodome, Minnesota Vikings, Mythbusters, New England Patriots, New York Jets, NFL, Oakland Raiders, Pete Rozell, Ray Lewis, RCA Dome, Richard Sherman, Roger Goodell, San Francisco 49ers, Seattle Seahawks, Super Bowl, Super Bowl III, Super Bowl XVLII, Super Bowl XXXVI, Terrell Suggs | 0 comments
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Jesus triumphantly arrives in Jerusalem. He clears the temple and curses a fig tree. His authority is challenged. So he tells parables. [UPDATED]
JESUS TRIUMPHANTLY ARRIVES IN JERUSALEM
VERSE 1. When they came near to Jerusalem, and came to Bethsphage, to the Mount of Olives, then Jesus sent two disciples,
Bethsphage. Some translations say “Bethphage.
VERSE 2. saying to them, “Go into the village that is opposite you, and immediately you will find a donkey tied, and a colt with her. Untie them, and bring them to me.
a donkey tied, and a colt. Though all four Gospel accounts include this triumphal arrival of Jesus in Jerusalem, only Matthew mentions a donkey along with the colt.
VERSE 3. If anyone says anything to you, you shall say, ‘The Lord needs them,’ and immediately he will send them.”
VERSE 4. All this was done, that it might be fulfilled which was spoken through the prophet, saying,
VERSE 5. “Tell the daughter of Zion, behold, your King comes to you, humble, and riding on a donkey, on a colt, the foal of a donkey.”
Zechariah 9:9. Rejoice greatly, daughter of Zion! Shout, daughter of Jerusalem! Behold, your King comes to you! He is righteous, and having salvation; lowly, and riding on a donkey, even on a colt, the foal of a donkey.
VERSE 6. The disciples went, and did just as Jesus commanded them,
VERSE 7. and brought the donkey and the colt, and laid their clothes on them; and he sat on them.
VERSE 8. A very great multitude spread their clothes on the road. Others cut branches from the trees, and spread them on the road.
VERSE 9. The multitudes who went in front of him, and those who followed, kept shouting, “Hosanna to the son of David! Blessed is he who comes in the name of the Lord! Hosanna in the highest!”
Hosanna. This means “save us” or “help us, we pray.”
Psalm 118:26. Blessed is he who comes in the LORD’s name! We have blessed you out of the LORD’s house.
Matthew 21:9. The multitudes who went in front of him, and those who followed, kept shouting, “Hosanna to the son of David! Blessed is he who comes in the name of the Lord! Hosanna in the highest!”
Mark 11:9. Those who went in front, and those who followed, cried out, “Hosanna! Blessed is he who comes in the name of the Lord!
Luke 13:35. Behold, your house is left to you desolate. I tell you, you will not see me until you say, ‘Blessed is he who comes in the name of the Lord!’ ”
Luke 19:38. saying, “Blessed is the King who comes in the name of the Lord! Peace in heaven, and glory in the highest!”
VERSE 10. When he had come into Jerusalem, all the city was stirred up, saying, “Who is this?”
VERSE 11. The multitudes said, “This is the prophet, Jesus, from Nazareth of Galilee.”
JESUS CLEARS THE TEMPLE
VERSE 12. Jesus entered into the temple of God, and drove out all of those who sold and bought in the temple, and overthrew the money changers’ tables and the seats of those who sold the doves.
VERSE 13. He said to them, “It is written, ‘My house shall be called a house of prayer,’ but you have made it a den of robbers!”
My house shall be called a house of prayer. The Lord’s house is a house of prayer. How about your house? Is it a house of prayer? How can it grow as a house of prayer?
Isaiah 56:7. I will bring these to my holy mountain, and make them joyful in my house of prayer. Their burnt offerings and their sacrifices will be accepted on my altar; for my house will be called a house of prayer for all peoples.”
Jeremiah 7:11. Has this house, which is called by my name, become a den of robbers in your eyes? Behold, I myself have seen it,” says the LORD.
Matthew 21:13. He said to them, “It is written, ‘My house shall be called a house of prayer,’ but you have made it a den of robbers!”
Mark 11:17. He taught, saying to them, “Isn’t it written, ‘My house will be called a house of prayer for all the nations?’ But you have made it a den of robbers!”
VERSE 14. The blind and the lame came to him in the temple, and he healed them.
VERSE 15. But when the chief priests and the scribes saw the wonderful things that he did, and the children who were crying in the temple and saying, “Hosanna to the son of David!” they were indignant,
VERSE 16. and said to him, “Do you hear what these are saying?” Jesus said to them, “Yes. Did you never read, ‘Out of the mouth of babes and nursing babies you have perfected praise?’ ”
Psalm 8:2. From the lips of babes and infants you have established strength, because of your adversaries, that you might silence the enemy and the avenger.
Matthew 21:16. and said to him, “Do you hear what these are saying?” Jesus said to them, “Yes. Did you never read, ‘Out of the mouth of babes and nursing babies you have perfected praise?’ ”
JESUS CURSES A FIG TREE
VERSE 17. He left them, and went out of the city to Bethany, and camped there.
VERSE 18. Now in the morning, as he returned to the city, he was hungry.
VERSE 19. Seeing a fig tree by the road, he came to it, and found nothing on it but leaves. He said to it, “Let there be no fruit from you forever!” Immediately the fig tree withered away.
Let there be no fruit from you forever! This is remarkable. Why did Jesus say this?
VERSE 20. When the disciples saw it, they marveled, saying, “How did the fig tree immediately wither away?”
VERSE 21. Jesus answered them, “Most certainly I tell you, if you have faith, and don’t doubt, you will not only do what was done to the fig tree, but even if you told this mountain, ‘Be taken up and cast into the sea,’ it would be done.
VERSE 22. All things, whatever you ask in prayer, believing, you will receive.”
This verse is fantastic! Would you consider memorizing it? More great verses to memorize from the Gospel According to Matthew and from the entire Bible.
This verse seems like a command! Would you consider acting on it? More commands of Jesus Christ from the Gospel According to Matthew and from the entire Bible.
All things. Jesus says that whatever we ask for in prayer with faith, we will receive. We are meant to work miracles!
THE AUTHORITY OF JESUS IS CHALLENGED
VERSE 23. When he had come into the temple, the chief priests and the elders of the people came to him as he was teaching, and said, “By what authority do you do these things? Who gave you this authority?”
VERSE 24. Jesus answered them, “I also will ask you one question, which if you tell me, I likewise will tell you by what authority I do these things.
I also will ask you one question. Jesus did not waste his time responding to every criticism, every challenge. Some of them he silenced with a clever retort such as this one.
As we share our faith with others, there will be people who will challenge us. We do not need to answer their every criticism.
VERSE 25. The baptism of John, where was it from? From heaven or from men?” They reasoned with themselves, saying, “If we say, ‘From heaven,’ he will ask us, ‘Why then did you not believe him?’
VERSE 26. But if we say, ‘From men,’ we fear the multitude, for all hold John as a prophet.”
VERSE 27. They answered Jesus, and said, “We don’t know.” He also said to them, “Neither will I tell you by what authority I do these things.
VERSE 28. But what do you think? A man had two sons, and he came to the first, and said, ‘Son, go work today in my vineyard.’
VERSE 29. He answered, ‘I will not,’ but afterward he changed his mind, and went.
VERSE 30. He came to the second, and said the same thing. He answered, ‘I’m going, sir,’ but he didn’t go.
VERSE 31. Which of the two did the will of his father?” They said to him, “The first.” Jesus said to them, “Most certainly I tell you that the tax collectors and the prostitutes are entering into God’s Kingdom before you.
tax collectors and the prostitutes. Doubtless the religious leaders were offended by this.
VERSE 32. For John came to you in the way of righteousness, and you didn’t believe him, but the tax collectors and the prostitutes believed him. When you saw it, you didn’t even repent afterward, that you might believe him.
THE PARABLE OF THE WICKED TENANTS
VERSE 33. “Hear another parable. There was a man who was a master of a household, who planted a vineyard, set a hedge about it, dug a wine press in it, built a tower, leased it out to farmers, and went into another country.
VERSE 34. When the season for the fruit came near, he sent his servants to the farmers, to receive his fruit.
VERSE 35. The farmers took his servants, beat one, killed another, and stoned another.
VERSE 36. Again, he sent other servants more than the first: and they treated them the same way.
VERSE 37. But afterward he sent to them his son, saying, ‘They will respect my son.’
VERSE 38. But the farmers, when they saw the son, said among themselves, ‘This is the heir. Come, let’s kill him, and seize his inheritance.’
VERSE 39. So they took him, and threw him out of the vineyard, and killed him.
VERSE 40. When therefore the lord of the vineyard comes, what will he do to those farmers?”
VERSE 41. They told him, “He will miserably destroy those miserable men, and will lease out the vineyard to other farmers, who will give him the fruit in its season.”
VERSE 42. Jesus said to them, “Did you never read in the Scriptures, ‘The stone which the builders rejected was made the head of the corner. This was from the Lord. It is marvelous in our eyes?’
Psalm 118:22-23. The stone which the builders rejected has become the cornerstone. 23 This is the LORD’s doing. It is marvelous in our eyes.
Matthew 21:42. Jesus said to them, “Did you never read in the Scriptures, ‘The stone which the builders rejected was made the head of the corner. This was from the Lord. It is marvelous in our eyes?’
Mark 12:10. Haven’t you even read this Scripture: ‘The stone which the builders rejected was made the head of the corner.
Luke 20:17. But he looked at them and said, “Then what is this that is written, ‘The stone which the builders rejected was made the chief cornerstone?’
Acts 4:11. He is ‘the stone which was regarded as worthless by you, the builders, which has become the head of the corner.’
1 Peter 2:7. For you who believe therefore is the honor, but for those who are disobedient, “The stone which the builders rejected has become the chief cornerstone,”
VERSE 43. “Therefore I tell you, God’s Kingdom will be taken away from you, and will be given to a nation producing its fruit.
God’s Kingdom will be taken away from you. This is one of the saddest verses. If only they had been willing to hear this and make things right.
VERSE 44. He who falls on this stone will be broken to pieces, but on whomever it will fall, it will scatter him as dust.”
VERSE 45. When the chief priests and the Pharisees heard his parables, they perceived that he spoke about them.
VERSE 46. When they sought to seize him, they feared the multitudes, because they considered him to be a prophet.
CHAPTERS: 01, 02, 03, 04, 05, 06, 07, 08, 09, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28
RESOURCES: Summary, Outline, Memorize, Commands, Spirituality
Author sitePosted on January 19, 2018 Categories matthew
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What's IonCube? Precisely how does IonCube work and do you really need it for your PHP software?
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HomePosts tagged 'William Parker'
William Parker
Remember, Remember The Fifth Of November.
November 5, 2014 November 4, 2014 fasab Current Events, Factoids, Politics, Religion 1605, 4th Baron Monteagle, 5 November 1605, agony, Ambrose Rookwood, anonymous face mask, anonymous letter, anti government groups, arrested, assassinate, attendance, barrels of gunpowder, battle, blow up the Houses of Parliament, Bonfire Night, Braveheart, britain, broke his neck, burned on bonfires, chant, character, Christopher Wright, claim to immortality, Current Events, daughter, drawn and quartered, education, effigies of Guy Fawkes, England, English Midlands, English Roman Catholics, execution, explosives, fact, facts, failed attempt, Fawkes, fireworks, Francis Tresham, gruesome process, Gunpowder Plot, Guy Fawkes, hanged, Holbeche House, House of Lords, John Grant, John Wright, King James I of England and VI of Scotland, London, Mel Gibson, memento, military service, movie, mutilation, politics, popular revolt, Princess Elizabeth, public events, Remember remember the fifth of November, ringing of church bells, Robert Catesby, Robert Keyes, Robert Wintour, Roman Catholic head of state, scaffold, Sheriff of Worcester, shot and killed, Sir Everard Digby, special sermons, State Opening of England's Parliament, the King, Thomas Bates, Thomas Percy, Thomas Wintour, Thoughts, traitors, trial, visage of Guy Fawkes, William Parker
“Remember, remember the fifth of November,” is something that kids used to chant on this day in Britain as a memento of a character called Guy Fawkes, whose claim to immortality was that he tried to blow up the Houses of Parliament in London, England in what became known as the Gunpowder Plot.
portrait of Guy Fawkes
It all took place in 1605 and was a failed attempt to assassinate King James I of England and VI of Scotland by a group of provincial English Roman Catholics led by Robert Catesby.
They had planned to blow up the House of Lords during the State Opening of England’s Parliament on 5 November 1605, when the King would be certain to be in attendance. That event was then supposed to trigger a popular revolt in the English Midlands during which James’s nine-year-old daughter, Princess Elizabeth, was to be installed as the Roman Catholic head of state.
Catesby’s fellow plotters were John Wright, Thomas Wintour, Thomas Percy, Guy Fawkes, Robert Keyes, Thomas Bates, Robert Wintour, Christopher Wright, John Grant, Ambrose Rookwood, Sir Everard Digby and Francis Tresham.
Fawkes, who is remembered while most of the others have been forgotten, was a man with some military service and was therefore chosen to be in charge of the explosives.
The plot failed when an anonymous letter was sent to William Parker, 4th Baron Monteagle, on 26 October 1605 and a subsequent search of the House of Lords at midnight on 4 November 1605, revealed Guy Fawkes guarding 36 barrels of gunpowder.
He was arrested and in good conspiratorial fashion his comrades fled from London leaving him to face the consequences alone. One or two did try to make a stand against the pursuing Sheriff of Worcester and his men at a place called Holbeche House, and in the ensuing battle Catesby was one of those shot and killed.
At the trial of those who survived, held on 27 January 1606, eight conspirators, including Guy Fawkes, were convicted and sentenced to be hanged, drawn and quartered, a particularly cruel form of punishment used for traitors in those days. (Think of the final scenes from the Mel Gibson movie Braveheart and you will understand the gruesome process.)
Immediately before his execution on 31 January, Guy Fawkes jumped from the scaffold where he was to be hanged and broke his neck, thus avoiding the agony of the mutilation that followed.
The failure of the Gunpowder Plot was commemorated for many years afterwards by special sermons and other public events such as the ringing of church bells. This evolved into the present tradition of ‘Bonfire Night’ when effigies of Guy Fawkes are traditionally burned on bonfires, accompanied by fireworks. Many such displays which will be held throughout Britain later today.
Interestingly, the ‘anonymous’ face mask currently in use by many anti government groups is based on the visage of Guy Fawkes.
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Drouin’s power-play goal sends Canadiens past Canucks 3-2
VANCOUVER, British Columbia (AP) — – The Montreal Canadiens are ending a western road swing with a renewed sense of confidence.
Jonathan Drouin scored a power-play goal with less than three minutes remaining to lead the Canadiens to a 3-2 victory over the Vancouver Canucks on Saturday night.
Drouin scored just seconds after Vancouver defenseman Michael Del Zotto was whistled for interference.
Tomas Tatar and Andrew Shaw also scored for the Canadiens.
Montreal has struggled to capitalize on the man-advantage this season. The team’s power play was ranked next-to-last entering Saturday’s game.
“When that confidence isn’t quite there, you are still trying to fight to get the rhythm of your power play going,” said Montreal’s head coach, Claude Julien. “But that goal tonight couldn’t have come at a better time.”
Drouin said his goal on Saturday was reminiscent of how the team had played earlier in the week, when it beat Calgary 3-2.
“It brings back some of that Calgary game a little bit, where you are down a goal on the road and you have to show character, you’ve got to find a way to put the puck in,” the 23-year-old center said.
“If you look at our tying goals they’re not pretty, they’re just around the net and that’s something we can build on.”
Del Zotto and Elias Pettersson scored for Vancouver, which has lost its last five games.
Carey Price stopped 36 shots for Montreal, while Vancouver’s Jacob Markstrom made 28 saves.
Despite a flurry of early chances, the game’s first goal didn’t come until midway through the second period.
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Canadiens defenseman Jeff Petry collected the puck in his own end and sent it up the ice to Tatar, who settled the bouncing puck and scored with a shot over Markstrom’s shoulder and into the net.
Tatar now has 17 points and six goals in his last six games.
Del Zotto evened the score with his first goal of the season with less than four minutes to go in the period, tapping the puck in from the side of the net.
Pettersson put the Canucks up midway through the third, sending a slap shot past Price on Vancouver’s fourth power play of the night.
The 20-year-old rookie has been an offensive juggernaut for Vancouver, tallying 18 points in his first 16 NHL games.
The Canucks couldn’t hang on to the lead for long, though.
Less than two minutes after Pettersson scored, the puck bounced off Shaw and into Vancouver’s net.
“You’re going to play well and you’re going to lose some games when you play well,” said Canucks coach Travis Green. ” And you’re going to find a way to win games when you don’t play well. And you hope you’re on the right end of those nights more often.”
NOTES: Max Domi was credited with an assist on Shaw’s goal, extending his scoring streak to 13 points in nine games. He leads Montreal with 24 points.
Vancouver: Hosts Winnipeg on Monday.
Montreal: Hosts the Washington Capitals on Monday.
More AP NHL: https://apnews.com/tag/NHL and https://twitter.com/AP_Sports
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Diane’s double-double helps CSU Northridge beat Pepperdine
December 4, 2018 12:03 am
< a min read
MALIBU, Calif. (AP) — Lamine Diane had 29 points, 12 rebounds and three blocks, Darius Brown II added 20 points and a career-high nine assists, and CSU Northridge beat Pepperdine 90-83 Monday night.
Terrell Gomez scored 13 of his 19 points in the final 16 minutes and finished with a season-high seven assists for CSU Northridge (2-5). Cameron Gottfried had 10 points, eight rebounds and six assists.
Pepperdine (5-3) led by as many as 10 points in the first half and opened a 57-52 lead when Colbey Ross hit a 3-pointer with 16:23 to play. Gomez scored 13 points from there, including with a 3-point play that sparked a 17-2 run over the next six minutes that gave the Matadors a 10-point lead midway through the second half. Darryl Polk Jr. hit a jumper that trimmed Pepperdine’s deficit to 71-65 with nine minutes left but Gomez answered with a layup and then a jumper to push the lead into double figures until the closing seconds.
Ross led the Waves with 24 points and career-high tying 11 assists.
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26 Lulju 2016
Commission Directive (EU) 2016/1214
Commission Directive (EU) 2016/1214 of 25 July 2016 amending Directive 2005/62/EC as regards quality system standards and specifications for blood establishments (Text with EEA relevance)
17 Diċembru 2014
Commission Directive 2014/110/EU
amending Directive 2004/33/EC as regards temporary deferral criteria for donors of allogeneic blood donations
06 Ġunju 2012
West Nile Virus and Blood Safety: Introduction to a Preparedness Plan in Europe
Commission Implementing Directive 2011/38/EU
of 11 April 2011 amending Annex V to Directive 2004/33/EC with regards to maximum pH values for platelets concentrates at the end of the shelf life
03 Novembru 2009
Commission Directive 2009/135/EC
allowing temporary derogations to certain eligibility criteria for whole blood and blood components donors laid down in Annex III to Directive 2004/33/EC in the context of a risk of shortage caused by the Influenza A(H1N1) pandemic.
01 Ottubru 2005
Commission Directive 2005/61/EC
Having regard to Directive 2002/98/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 27 January 2003 setting standards of quality and safety for the collection, testing, processing, storage and distribution of human blood and blood components and amending Directive 2001/83/EC
of 30 September 2005 implementing Directive 2002/98/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council as regards Community standards and specifications relating to a quality system for blood establishments.
30 Marzu 2004
of 22 March 2004 implementing Directive 2002/98/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council as regards certain technical requirements for blood and blood components.
08 Frar 2003
Directive 2002/98/EC
of the European Parliament and of the Council of 27 January 2003 setting standards of quality and safety for the collection, testing, processing, storage and distribution of human blood and blood components and amending Directive 2001/83/EC
23 Awissu 2002
Communication from the Commission COM (2002) 479 final
pursuant to Article 251 (2), third subparagraph, point (c) of the EC Treaty, on the European Parliament's amendments to the Council's Common Position regarding the proposal for a DIRECTIVE OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL setting standards of quality and safety for the collection, testing, processing, storage, and distribution of human blood and blood components and amending
Council Directive 2001/83/EC - (COM(2002) 479 final)
14 Mejju 2002
Common Position (EC) No 28/2002
Common Position (EC) No 28/2002 of 14 February 2002 adopted by the Council, acting in accordance with the procedure referred to in Article 251 of the Treaty establishing the European Community, with a view to adopting a Directive of the European Parliament and of the Council setting standards of quality and safety for the collection, testing, processing, storage and distribution of human blood and blood components and amending Directive 2001/83/EC. Official Journal C 113 E , 14/05/2002 P. 0093 - 0108:
Amended proposal for a directive of the European Parliament and of the Council setting standards of quality and safety for the collection, testing, processing, storage, and distribution of human blood and blood components and amending Council Directive 89/381/EEC
Opinion of the Economic and Social Committee (2002/C 48/16)
Opinion of the Economic and Social Committee on the "Proposal for a Directive of the European Parliament and the Council amending Council Directive 93/42/EEC, as amended by Directive 2000/70/EC, as regards medical devices incorporating stable derivatives of human blood or human plasma". Official Journal C 048 , 21/02/2002 P. 0069 - 0069:
Directive 2001/83/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 6 November 2001 on the Community code relating to medicinal products for human use. Official Journal L 311, 28/11/2001 P. 0067 - 0128
Proposal for a Directive COM/2001/0480 final
Proposal for a Directive of the European Parliament and of the Council amending Council Directive 93/42/EEC, as amended by Directive 2000/70/EC, as regards medical devices incorporating stable derivates of human blood or human plasma/* COM/2001/0480 final - COD 2001/0186 */. Official Journal C 304 E, 30/10/2001 P. 0334 - 0334:
06 Settembru 2001
European Parliament legislative resolution (COM(2000) 816)
European Parliament legislative resolution on the proposal for a European Parliament and Council directive setting standards of quality and safety for the collection, testing, processing, storage, and distribution of human blood and blood components and amending Council Directive 89/381/EEC (COM(2000) 816 - C5-0034/2001 - 2000/0323(COD))
Opinion of the Economic and Social Committee (2001/C 221/18)
Opinion of the Economic and Social Committee on the "Proposal for a Directive of the European Parliament and of the Council setting standards of quality and safety for the collection, testing, processing, storage, and distribution of human blood and blood components and amending Council Directive 89/381/EEC". Official Journal C 221 , 07/08/2001 P. 0106 - 0109:
Proposal for a Directive of the European Parliament and of the Council COM (2000) 0816 final
Proposal for a Directive of the European Parliament and of the Council setting standards of quality and safety for the collection, testing, processing, storage, and distribution of human blood and blood components and amending Council Directive 89/381/EEC
Directive 2000/70/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council
Directive 2000/70/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 16 November 2000 amending Council Directive 93/42/EEC as regards medical devices incorporating stable derivates of human blood or human plasma. Official Journal L 313 , 13/12/2000 P. 0022 - 0024:
Council recommendation (98/463/EC)
Council recommandation on the suitability of blood and plasma donors and the screening of donated blood in the European Community (98/463/EC). Official Journal L 203 , 21/07/1998 P. 0014 - 0026:
Blood - Reports on implementation
2018 RAB and RATC annual summary of activity
Summary of the 2017 annual reporting of serious adverse reactions and events for blood and blood components
2016 RAB annual summary of activity
COM(2016) 224 final
Report from the Commission to the European Parliament, the Council, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions on the implementation of the Directives 2002/98/EC, 2004/33/EC, 2005/61/EC and 2005/62/EC setting standards of quality and safety for human blood and blood components.
SWD(2016) 130 final
Commission Staff Working Document on the implementation of the principle of voluntary and unpaid donation for human blood and blood components as foreseen in Directive 2002/98/EC on setting standards of quality and safety for the collection, testing, processing, storage and distribution of human blood and blood components and amending Directive 2001/83/EC.
Commission Staff Working Document on the application of Directive 2002/98/EC on setting standards of quality and safety for the collection, testing, processing, storage and distribution of human blood and blood components and amending Directive 2001/83/EC Accompanying the document.
Summary of the 2014 annual reporting of serious adverse events and reactions for blood and blood components
COM(2011) - 2nd report on Voluntary and Unpaid Donation of Blood and Blood Components
Second Report from the Commission to the European Parliament, the Council, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions on Voluntary and Unpaid Donation of Blood and Blood Components
19 Jannar 2010
Communication from the Commission COM (2010) 03
Communication from the Commission to the Council, the European Parliament, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions on the application of Directive 2002/98/EC setting standards of quality and safety for the collection, testing, processing, storage and distribution of human blood and blood components and amending Directive 2001/83/EC
Summary Table of Responses from Competent Authorities for Blood and Blood Components to the Questionnaire on the transposition and implementation of the European regulatory framework blood
Table of responses from member States' competent authorities for blood and blood components on the transposition and implementation of the Blood Directive
Table of responses from Member State’s Competent Authorities on blood and blood components to a questionnaire on the transposition of the Blood Directive
Report from the Commission to the Council and the European Parliament, the european economic and social Committee and the Committee of the regions- First report on the application of the Blood
Report from the Commission to the Council and the European Parliament on the promotion by Member States of voluntary unpaid blood donations
Summary Table of responses from Member State representatives at meeting of Competent Authorities on a Draft Questionnaire
Directive 2002/98/EC on the quality and safety of blood and blood components requires Member States to designate the competent authority or authorities responsible for implementing its requirements
Blood - Other key documents
Common approach document for definition of reportable serious adverse events and reactions
Brexit - Notice to organisations subject to the Union legislation on substances of human origin (blood, tissues and cells, and organs) concerning the United Kingdom's withdrawal from the European Union
Mapping of More Stringent Blood Donor Testing Requirements - Mapping Exercise 2015
Key findings of the Creative Ceutical report
An EU-wide overview of the market of blood, blood components and plasma derivative focusing on their availability for patients
Precautionary measures against WNV transmission by blood
Precautionary measures against vCJD transmission by blood
Opinion of the Scientific Committee on Medicinal Products and Medical Devices on:
"The impact of arthropod borne diseases (including WNV) on the safety of blood used for transfusion as well as organs used for transplantation in the European Community"
Council of Europe - Recommendation Rec (2003)11 of the Committee of Ministers to member states on:
The introduction of pathogen inactivation procedures for blood components
Council of Europe - Recommendation Rec(2002)11 of the Committee of Ministers to member states on:
The hospital's and clinician's role in the optimal use of blood and blood products
Europeanisation of Italian law 107/90 on the production of blood derivatives
Parliamentary questions - Written question P-0590/02
Council of Europe - Recommendation Rec(2001)4 on:
The prevention of the possible transmission of variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease (vCJD) by blood transfusion
BSE: blood donations
Parliamentary questions - Written question E-0096/01
Council of Europe - Recommendation No R(98)10 on:
The use of human red blood cells for the preparation of oxygen-carrying substances
Organs - Legislation and guidelines
Toolbox on Living Kidney Donation
Toolbox on Living Kidney Donation developed by the EU Working group on Living Donation under the EU Action Plan on Organ Donation and Transplantation, for National Authorities.
Commission Decision C(2015) 4583 final
Commission Decision on the adoption of a financing decision for 2015 for the pilot project "Platform for increasing organ donation in the European Union and neighbouring countries: EUDONORG 2015-2016.
Commission Decision on the adoption of a financing decision for 2015 on the pilot project "The Effect of Differing Kidney Disease Treatment Modalities and Organ Donation and Transplantation Practices on Health Expenditure and Patient Outcomes.
Mid-term review of the "Action Plan on Organ Donation and Transplantation (2009-2015): Strengthened Cooperation between Member States"
Commission Staff Working Document
Council conclusions on organ donation and transplantation (2012/C 396/03)
Commission Implementing Directive 2012/25/EU of 9 October 2012 laying down information procedures for the exchange, between Member States, of human organs intended for transplantation
Corrigendum to Directive 2010/45/EU
Corrigendum to Directive 2010/45/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 7 July 2010 on standards of quality and safety of human organs intended for transplantation (OJ L 207, 6.8.2010)
Directive 2010/45/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council
Directive 2010/45/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 7 July 2010 on standards of quality and safety of human organs intended for transplantation
Impact Assessment accompanying the Proposal for a Directive and the Action plan
Action plan on Organ Donation and Transplantation (2009-2015): Strengthened Cooperation between Member States
Proposal for a Directive on standards of quality and safety of human organs intended for transplantation
Communication from the Commission COM (2008) 819/3
Resolution 2007/2210 on organ donation and transplantation: Policy actions at EU level
Conclusions No 15332/07 SAN 209 on Organ donation and transplantation
Organ donation and transplantation: Policy actions at EU level
Organs - Reports on implementation
Report from the Commission to the European Parliament, the Council, The European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions on the implementation of Directive 2010/53/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 7 July 2010 on standards of quality and safety of human organs intended for transplantation.
Commission Staff Working Document on the implementation of Directive 2010/53/EU.
Accompanying the document "Report from the Commission to the European the European Parliament, the Council, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions on the implementation of Directive 2010/53/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 7 July 2010 on standards of quality and safety of human organs intended for transplantation
Organs - Other key documents
Statement on a proposed concept of Global Kidney Exchange
FACTOR study: Study on the uptake and impact of the EU Action Plan on Organ Donation and Transplantation (2009-2015) in the EU Member States
ACTOR study: Study on the set-up of organ donation and transplantation in the EU Member States, uptake and impact of the EU Action Plan on Organ Donation and Transplantation (2009-2015)
Citizen's summary on organ donation and transplantation
Organ Donation and Transplantation - Facts and Figures
Organ donation and transplantation: Policy options at EU level - Consultation document
Council of Europe Recommendation Rec(2004)7 of the Committee of Ministers to member states on organ trafficking
Human organ transplantation in Europe: an overview
Tissues and cells - Legislation and guidelines
Commission Decision establishing a model for agreements between the Commission and relevant organisations on the provision of product codes for use in the Single European Code.
Annex: EN, FR, DE
Commission Directive (EU) 2015/565
Commission Directive (EU) 2015/565 amending Directive 2006/86/EC as regards certain technical requirements for the coding of human tissues and cells
Commission Directive (EU) 2015/566 implementing Directive 2004/23/EC as regards the procedures for verifying the equivalent standards of quality and safety of imported tissues and cells
Commission Directive 2012/39/EU amending Directive 2006/17/EC
Commission Directive 2012/39/EU of 26 November 2012 amending Directive 2006/17/EC as regards certain technical requirements for the testing of human tissues and cells
Commission Decision 2010/453/EU
Commission Decision of 3 August 2010 establishing guidelines concerning the conditions of inspections and control measures, and on the training and qualification of officials, in the field of human tissues and cells provided for in Directive 2004/23/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council
Operational Manual for Competent Authorities on inspection of tissue and cell procurement and tissue establishments (translations available under "Tissues and cells - Other key documents")
implementing Directive 2004/23/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council as regards traceability requirements, notification of serious adverse reactions and events and certain technical requirements for the coding, processing, preservation, storage and distribution of human tissues and cells
implementing Directive 2004/23/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council as regards certain technical requirements for the donation, procurement and testing of human tissues and cells
Directive 2004/23/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 31 March 2004 on setting standards of quality and safety for the donation, procurement, testing, processing, preservation, storage and distribution of human tissues and cells
Communication from the Commission COM (2004) 0080 final
pursuant to Article 251 (2), third subparagraph, point (c) of the EC Treaty, on the European Parliament's amendments to the Council's common position regarding the proposal for a Directive of the European Parliament and of the Council on setting standards of quality and safety for the donation, procurement, testing, processing, storage, and distribution of human tissues and cells amending the proposal of the Commission pursuant to Article 250 (2) of the EC Treaty
/* COM/2004/0080 final - COD 2002/0128 */
European Parliament legislative resolution
on the Council common position adopting a European Parliament and Council directive on setting standards of quality and safety for the donation, procurement, testing, processing, preservation, storage and distribution of human tissues and cells (10133/3/2003 - C5-0416/2003 - 2002/0128(COD))
Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament pursuant to the second subparagraph of Article 251 (2) of the EC Treaty concerning the common position of the Council on the adoption of a Directive of the European Parliament and of the Council on setting standards of quality and safety for the donation, procurement, testing, processing, storage, and distribution of human tissues and cells /* SEC/2003/0906 final - COD 2002/0128 */
Common Position (EC) No 50/2003 of 22 July 2003
adopted by the Council, acting in accordance with the procedure referred to in Article 251 of the Treaty establishing the European Community, with a view to adopting a directive of the European Parliament and of the Council on setting standards of quality and safety for the donation, procurement, testing, processing, preservation, storage and distribution of human tissues and cells.
Amended Proposal for a Directive of the European Parliament and of the Council on setting standards of quality and safety for the donation, procurement, testing, processing, storage, and distribution of human tissues and cells (presented by the Commission pursuant to Article 250 (2) of the EC Treaty)
Proposal for a Directive of the European Parliament and of the Council (COM(2002) 319 final
Opinion of the European Economic and Social Committee on the "Proposal for a Directive of the European Parliament and of the Council setting standards of quality and safety for the donation, procurement, testing, processing, storage, and distribution of human tissues and cells" (COM(2002) 319 final - 2002/0128 (COD)). Official Journal C 085 , 08/04/2003 P. 0044 - 0051
Proposal for a Directive of the European Parliament and of the Council on setting standards of quality and safety for the donation, procurement, testing, processing, storage, and distribution of human tissues and cells /* COM/2002/0319 final - COD 2002/0128 */
Tissues and cells - Reports on implementation
Summary of the 2017 annual reporting of serious adverse reactions and events for tissues and cells
2016 RATC annual summary of activity
Summary of the 2015 annual reporting of serious adverse reactions and events for tissues and cells (data collected in 2014)
Report from the Commission to the European Parliament, the Council, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions on the implementation of Directives 2004/23/EC, 2006/17/EC and 2006/86/EC setting standards of quality and safety for human tissues and cells.
Commission Staff Working Document on the implementation of Directives 2004/23/EC, 2006/17/EC and 2006/86/EC on setting standards of quality and safety for the donation, procurement, testing, processing, preservation, storage and distribution of human tissues and cells.
Commission Staff Working Document on the implementation of the principle of voluntary and unpaid donation for human tissues and cells.
2013 report on the Rapid Alert system for human Tissues and Cells (RATC)
2012 Annual reporting of SARE for tissues and cells (data collected in 2011)
Report on the Rapid Alert system for human Tissues and Cells (RATC) (2010 – 2012)
Summary of the 2011 annual reporting of serious adverse events and reactions for tissues and cells
COM(2011) - 2nd Report on Voluntary and Unpaid Donation of Tissues and Cells
Second Report from the Commission to the European Parliament, the Council, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions on Voluntary and Unpaid Donation of Tissues and Cells
Communication from the Commission COM (2009) 708
Communication from the Commission to the Council, the European Parliament, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions on the application of Directive 2004/23/EC on setting standards of quality and safety for the donation, procurement, testing, processing, preservation, storage and distribution of human tissues and cells
Summary Table of Responses from Competent Authorities for Tissues and Cells: Questionnaire on the transposition and implementation of the European Tissues and Cells regulatory framework
(Year 2008)
Summary Table of Responses from Competent Authorities: Questionnaire on the transposition and implementation of the European Tissues and Cells regulatory framework
Survey on measures taken by Member States to endeavour to ensure voluntary and unpaid donations of tissues and cells in compliance with article 12 of Directive 2004/23/EC
Report on the promotion by Member States of voluntary unpaid donation of tissues and cells
Report on the regulation of reproductive cell donation in the European Union
Tissues and cells - Other key documents
Economic landscapes of human tissues and cells for clinical application in the EU
While tissues and cells are usually donated by citizens without any payment, they still require further processing before they can be applied as a therapy. This involves costs and different options to recover (part of) these costs. This study was therefore financed under the Health Programme to help increase understanding of these economic factors. Such understanding helps Member States to organize this essential and often public healthcare service at best.
Mapping of More Stringent Tissues and Cells Donor Testing Requirements - Mapping Exercise 2015
Single European Code (SEC) for tissues and cells
Operational Manual for Competent Authorities on inspection of tissue and cell procurement and tissue establishments - Version 1.1
The Operational Manual complements Commission Decision 2010/453/EU and aims to support EU Member States in implementing a series of regulatory tasks under Directives 2004/23/EC, 2006/17/EC, 2006/86/EC and 2015/566 with respect to inspection of tissue and cell procurement and tissue establishments.
Operational Manual for Competent Authorities on inspection of tissue and cell procurement and tissue establishments
The Operational Manual complements Commission Decision 2010/453/EU and aims to support EU Member States in implementing a series of regulatory tasks under Directives 2004/23/EC, 2006/17/EC and 2006/86/EC with respect to inspection of tissue and cell procurement and tissue establishments.
Comparative Analysis of Medically Assisted Reproduction in the EU: Regulation and Technologies
The study, conducted by the ESHRE, maps the existing practice of assisted reproductive technologies (ART). It provides an overview of existing legislation and reimbursement policies as well as established practices and cross-border aspects of ART.
The study was funded by the Commission. However, the findings of the study reflect the work undertaken by ESHRE, and do not necessarily represent the Commission's official position.
Opinion on the ethical aspects of umbilical cord blood banking - Opinion N° 19 -European Group on Ethics in Science and New Technologies
Commercial action for the storage of umbilical cord blood for obtaining stem cells
Opinion on Ethical aspects of human tissue banking- Opinion N° 11 -European Group on Ethics in Science and New Technologies
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newsletter elettronika
NEWSLETTER : EDIZZJONI SPEĊJALI - KUMITATI XJENTIFIĊI
L-aħħar aġġornamenti
World Blood Donor Day: Statement by Commissioner Vytenis Andriukaitis
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Agenda - Meeting of Competent authorities for blood and blood components (18 - 19 June 2019)
Agenda - Meeting of the Competent Authorities for Tissues and Cells (13 - 14 May 2019)
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Notice to organisations subject to the Union legislation on substances of human origin (blood, tissues and cells, and organs) concerning the United Kingdom's withdrawal from the European Union
Evaluation of the EU blood and tissues and cells legislation
Informazzjoni relatata
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Paula Simons: Creating hope no easy task when children in care keep dying anonymous deaths
"When it's about Aboriginal children, people don't show up. Why should they care? It's just another statistic."
Paula Simons
On a sunny May Friday, a few dozen people gathered at the Edmonton Intercultural Centre in the gym of the old Macauley School on 95 Street for the 11th annual Blanket of Remembrance ceremony. It’s a day to remember Aboriginal children who have died in Alberta’s child welfare system.
The back wall of the gymnasium is decorated with the cut-out photos of tiny little red mukluks. There are more than 700 pairs of boots to represent children who have died in care or while receiving protective services from the province.
In 2014, the Edmonton Journal shamed the Tory government into revealing that 741 children and youth, clients of the child welfare system, died between 1999 and 2013.
Since then, another 140 have died.
There have been 33 deaths in the last fiscal year alone, plus another two in April.
The Notley government, like the Prentice government before it, doesn’t release the names of the lost, nor their causes of death.
But only 14 of those 140 deaths — 10 per cent — have been ruled by the chief medical examiner’s office as due to natural causes.
And of the 246 child welfare clients who’ve died in the last 10 years, 55 per cent were Indigenous.
However you count it, in this gym the dead far outnumber the number of living who are in attendance.
It’s a small group here today. Some social workers and academics. A larger group of Indigenous social work students. Some parents and grandparents who’ve had children taken into care. A few who’ve won their children back.
There’s no representative of the NDP government. The only politician here at all is Dave Hanson, the United Conservative Party MLA for Lac La Biche-St. Paul-Two Hills.
Bernadette Iahtail, the executive director of the Creating Hope Society, which hosts this event, doesn’t hide her frustration. Every year, more or less the same people attend. She’s come to a decision. This will be the last Blanket of Remembrance ceremony.
“When it’s about Aboriginal children, people don’t show up. Why should they care? It’s just another statistic.”
This year’s Blanket of Remembrance Day is dedicated to Serenity, the four-year-old Cree child who died in 2014 after suffering from profound malnutrition, deep hypothermia, and a fractured skull. The husband and wife who were given guardianship of Serenity by the province were charged last October with failing to provide the necessaries of life.
Serenity’s mother is here today. So too is her father.
Serenity’s mom has given many interviews in the last two years, but this kind of public speaking is new. She talks about how she lost custody of her children, how she tried to win them back, how she had to sign the forms that allowed her brain-dead child to be taken off life support.
“I was on my knees at the end of her bed, weak and numb. I could not watch her pass away,” she tells the audience.
“I have been held accountable for my choices and my mistakes. And I will pay for them for the rest of my life.”
Next, Serenity’s father takes the podium. It’s the first time he’s ever spoken publicly about his daughter. He tells the audience he’s spent 11-1/2 years of his life in jail. He watched Serenity grow up via images on his cellphone. He was incarcerated at the time of her death. He wasn’t allowed out to attend her funeral.
“I was kind of a bad person growing up. I was selfish and cruel. I chose being a drug dealer over being a father,” he said.
Every father, he said, makes a promise to his daughter that he will protect her. It was a promise he didn’t keep.
“To this day, I blame myself for what happened to my daughter,” he said.
“I did a lot of things in my life that I regret. People have called me a monster. I’ve been a very bad person. But I’ll never forget my daughter. My daughter was my life.”
(His problems with the law continued Monday when police issued an arrest warrant for Serenity’s father, saying he is considered armed and dangerous after a woman known to him was allegedly attacked Sunday.)
Dancers circle Cree singers during the 11th and final Blanket of Remembrance Round Dance at Edmonton Intercultural Centre in Edmonton, on Friday, May 18, 2018. Ian Kucerak Ian Kucerak / Ian Kucerak/Postmedia
It suddenly occurs to me that of all the people who failed Serenity, in life and in death, her wounded parents are the only ones who’ve admitted any personal responsibility for her fate.
The irony is bleak. Children die and die and die. At intermittent intervals, inquiries and panels and committees are convened. Reports are written and tabled and ignored. No wonder Iahtail of the Creating Hope Society feels exhausted, like Sisyphus with his rock, fighting an uphill battle against indifference.
Still, as I leave the gym, I feel the final words of Serenity’s mother ringing in my ears. Creating hope.
“There needs to be change. I will be her voice. And I won’t keep quiet.”
Editor’s note: This story has been updated to reflect the fact that 33 children in care died in the last fiscal year.
psimons@postmedia.com
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Deputy premier Sarah Hoffman to attend western premiers’ conference Alberta seeks 'creative disrupters' to drive digital innovation in government
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Dining YEG
Opinion: Russia playing with fire in Ukraine
Jars Balan
A Russian FSB security service officer escorts a detained Ukrainian sailor to a courthouse in Simferopol, Crimea, on November 27, 2018. - A court in Russian-annexed Crimea on November 27, 2018 ordered three Ukrainian sailors to be held in custody for two months after a weekend confrontation at sea with Russian border guards. Several others of the more than 20 Ukrainian sailors held by Russia were expected to appear before the court later Tuesday. STR / AFP/Getty Images
Russia’s violent seizure of three Ukrainian naval vessels sailing to Ukrainian ports on the Sea of Azov is but the latest instance of the Kremlin’s brazen aggression directed toward its neighbour and former colony.
The rote denials and false claims accompanying the attack can be regarded as having the same credibility as Russia’s insistence that it was not a Russian missile that shot down Malaysia Airlines flight MH 17 over Ukrainian territory; that Russian intelligence operatives had nothing to do with the attempted assassinations of the Skripals, or the killing of a growing list of other critics of the Putin regime; that the ongoing war in Ukraine’s Donbas region is not being financed, supplied, partly staffed and led from Moscow; and that Crimeans freely voted to accept the stealth takeover and annexation of their peninsula.
Seized Ukrainian military vessels are seen in a port of Kerch, Crimea, on November 26, 2018. – Kiev and Moscow faced their worst crisis in years on November 26, 2018 as Ukraine and its Western allies demanded the release of three ships fired on and seized by Russia near Crimea. Russian forces boarded and captured the ships on Sunday, with Moscow accusing the vessels of illegally entering Russian waters off the coast of Crimea in the Sea of Azov. STR / AFP/Getty Images
There are several reasons why President Vladimir Putin has decided to up the ante in his undeclared war against independent Ukraine, having first increased Russia’s naval forces in the Sea of Azov while at the same time ratcheting up the baseless harassment of ships going to and from eastern Ukraine.
First of all, Putin is taking full advantage of several crises that Russia itself has helped to create by skillfully working to subvert elections and undermine democracies throughout the West.
The Russian leader knows full well that the report soon to be issued by the Mueller investigation is likely to wreak havoc with the Trump administration and effectively cripple, if not paralyze, any American response to Russia’s growing belligerence.
He is also well aware that the British are currently preoccupied with their exit from Europe, just as members of the European Union are struggling to deal with the rise of radical and extremist elements in their societies — many of them fuelled by anti-EU sentiments partly stoked by Russian propaganda.
As for Ukraine itself, there can be little doubt that Putin is seeking to punish Ukrainians for a whole host of reasons, such as recently taking steps to canonically restore the ecclesiastical independence of the local Orthodox Church; irrefutably establishing that the 1932-1933 famine-Holodomor was an act of genocide; and formally declaring Russia an aggressor state.
Most important of all, Putin wants to sabotage Ukrainian efforts to fully implement the reform of Ukrainian society and to bring the country into line with other European states. He essentially wants Russia to be able to dictate to Ukraine its domestic policies in areas such as the economy, culture, language, and education, and most important of all, to determine Ukraine’s foreign policy — specifically to prevent Ukraine from ever joining NATO.
But Russia also has other objectives in escalating its bullying of Ukraine. To begin with, Putin wants President Petro Poroshenko and his government to look weak, given that Ukraine will not respond to Russia’s latest act of violence with its own aggression, for fear of starting a full-blown war with its much more powerful neighbour.
At the same time, the Kremlin wants to show that international bodies ranging from the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE) to the United Nations are almost powerless when it comes to dealing with Moscow’s increasingly hostile behaviour toward Ukraine.
Finally, Putin is also punishing Ukraine for the damaging economic and political sanctions that have already been levied against Russia, while simultaneously striking another blow against Ukraine’s economy by thwarting Ukraine’s efforts to get coal and steel produced in the east to international markets.
It is time that the world recognized Russia for what it is: a rogue dictatorship and a state sponsor of terrorism that is playing with fire which could easily spread far beyond the violated borders of Ukraine.
Jars Balan is director of the Canadian Institute of Ukrainian Studies at the University of Alberta.
David Staples: Today Fort McMurray, Tomorrow the Moon — big plans... Opinion: Edmonton closer to getting its own Kananaskis
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Feature Plant Friday - Elder: A Plant of the World
You may have seen our post on Instagram earlier in the week for Swiss National Day (if you missed it you can check it out here). So today, we are delving into the cultural history surrounding the elder (or holder in Switzerland), the Swiss native most commonly known as elderflower or elderberry. This magical plant has an extensive medicinal and superstitious history, and is even the wood that the Elder Wand is made from in the Harry Potter series!
Originating from Æld, Saxon for ‘fire’, the elder was named for the use of its hollowed branches as blowpipes to start and stoke fires by removing the pith (spongy tissues inside the stems). Although the elder is considered a weed in Australia due to its rampant growth and easily spread seeds, its ornamental flowers and leaves, fragrance, and its medicinal and culinary uses make it a welcome garden pest.
The elder has a rich history in European folklore and culture, and it was thought to be bad luck if elder trees were cut down in Britain especially. This may have originated from Danish folklore, where it was believed that the Elder-tree Mother lived in the branches of and watched over elder trees, and would haunt anyone who cut it down and used the wood without asking for her permission.
The elder has also been believed to be a source of protection; in Danish folklore the pith was floated on water and lit on Christmas Eve, as its light would reveal nearby witches and sorcerers. In Russia it was thought to ward off witches and evil spirits, and in Sicilian folklore elders were believed to kill serpents and chase off robbers.
Elders were a major part of English folklore in particular, where elder crosses were tied to stables, worn as protection against rheumatism, and cross-shaped shrubs were planted on new graves, and if they flowered the person buried beneath was happy. Because of this, the elder became symbolic of sorrow and death in Britain, and, in the 14th century, was also believed to have been the tree that Judas was hanged from, which was referenced to in Shakespeare’s Love’s Labour Lost.
Medicinally, the elder has been used for centuries, with traces of it found in Swiss archeo-botanical sites dating all the way back to the Late Bronze Age (1050 - 880 BC)!
Since then the elder has been used treat everything from gout, inflammation, and diabetes to joint pain, abscesses in the brain, and dog bites. While the effectiveness of the elder in treating many of these conditions has yet to be proven, it is now used in modern medicine to treat constipation and sinusitis in conjunction with anise, sorrel, and other flowers.
However, it should also be noted that the roots, stems, and raw, unripe berries of the elder are poisonous, and excessive consumption can cause nausea, vomiting, and diarrhoea. This is due to the presence of sambunigrin, a cyanide attached to a sugar, where the cyanide is released when digested and the toxic effects can be felt. To avoid this, the flowers should be removed from stems and ripe berries should be cooked before consuming, as the cooking process breaks down sambunigrin safely.
Elders are also great for cooking, and the berries are a great source of vitamins C and A, as well as folic acid and potassium. Both the berries and flowers can be used to make syrup, which is used in cocktails, flavoured alcohols, and cordials, such as ‘Hugo’, a Swiss cocktail made from prosecco, elderflower syrup, mint, lime, and mineral water.The flowers can also be used to make elderflower sorbet, chocolate, tea, and the Swiss herbal sweet, Ricola. Socatǎ, a Romanian fizzy drink, also uses elderflowers, and inspired Coca Cola’s Fanta Shokata.
While the berries are less commonly used than the flowers, they are used to make elderberry wine, fruit pies, and relishes. Historically, elderberries were also used to doctor cheap wines and ports to make them appear more expensive. This practice became so popular that the cultivation of elder was banned in Portugal in 1747!
If you are interested in using elder into your cooking, these recipes are a great starting point:
Elderflower Syrup (Holunderblütensirup), Little Zurich Kitchen
Lemon and Elderflower Cheesecake, Homestead and Gardens
Chicken garden salad with elderflower dressing, BBC Good Food
With large clusters of fragrant, yellow, cream or white flowers in spring that become black, blue, or red berries, elders are an excellent source of nectar that attracts native butterflies and birds. If left unchecked, elders can grow anywhere from 2 m to 15 m depending on species. However, they can be maintained and shaped for use as hedgerows, while the prunings can be used as a mulch for the rest of your garden.
While most species are native to the temperate, subtropical regions of the Northern Hemisphere, there are several species of elder that grow in parts of Australia, Asia, and South America too. They require a nitrogen-rich soil and will grow better in full sun than partial shade, and are able to live for up to 60 years.
Happy growing, cooking and eating!
tagged with Swiss, European, Elder, Elderflower, Harry Potter, feature plant friday, 4
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Rodgers: ‘We’re not making the right plays at the right time’
QB Aaron Rodgers talked with the media after the loss to the Vikings.
Q: What do you think contributed to some of the struggles on third down tonight?
A: It’s just execution. We played a little different on defense, they didn’t pressure in the first half and then they brought a couple in the second half. It’s just execution, getting guys in the right spot, me making the right throw, we just weren’t on the same page with a few of those.
Q: Your thoughts on what you saw on that last play in the end zone…
A: I came to him late, I was trying to buy time and it ended up being a bad throw. I would assume, based on the separation that I saw, that he ran a great route. With Rhodes out there, I gave him a double move, because he’s one of the best receivers in the NFL. I just missed the throw.
Q: Your thoughts on not targeting Adams very many times during the 3rd and 4th quarters…
A: Xavier [Rhodes] is a great player. They played more two shell than in the years we’ve played against Mike [Zimmer]. There hasn’t been any true cover and tonight they played some. That was a change-up. They slid some of their coverage and that’s why we tried to put Jimmy [Graham] down the middle. We just ended up going elsewhere with some of the calls.
Q: Do you think the playoffs are still realistic for you guys?
A: We’re going to need some help. We need to win these five [games], and then get some help.
Q: How frustrated are you in your own performance right now?
A: I missed the one to Davante [Adams] and threw a no-lace ball to Equanimeous [St. Brown] in the dirt. Other than that, I don’t feel like I missed a lot of throws. We just weren’t executing.
Q: Did you think you had a touchdown on that free play?
A: I thought we had a pass interference call, and it looked to be questionable but the referees don’t end up calling the penalty. It was a 50/50 ball and I could have thrown it to the outside more.
Q: You said at one point that you were looking forward to finding that galvanizing moment for this team. Are you worried that it might not come that it’s too late?
A: We are where we are right now, record-wise, and we are going to need some help from some teams and then we have got to take care of our own business. We are going to have to find a way to win a game on the road. We are 0-6 on the road. We just need to go back home, get some rest, beat Arizona, and then come back, beat Atlanta. Then we need to go to Chicago, a place we’ve won a number of times, beat them. Go to New York around Christmas, beat them, and then come home against Detroit, beat them. Get a little help.
Q: Does a 9-6-1 record get you into the playoffs?
A: I don’t know. But I can tell you that 8-7-1 won’t get in, I don’t think.
Q: What has this season been like compared to other seasons since the playoffs seem to be more of a reach this year?
A: Yeah it seemed like that in ’16 as well. Nobody thought we could do it. Then we came together in Philly, got the job done. Came around and beat Houston, beat Seattle, went on the road and beat Chicago, came back home and beat Minnesota, went on the road and beat Detroit. We’ve done it before. We just have to find a way. The way our defense played tonight and with the injuries they had, to hold them to 24 points, we got to win this game. So, offensively, we got to be a lot better. We all got to play better, myself included. We started off the game nice. We had a couple good drives, we were rolling there, and we did our unfortunate typical lull and couldn’t get it going again.
Q: On what the difficulty has been…
A: I say it a lot, but it’s the execution. The difference is in the details, and I think there are just a few plays when we’re just not as detailed about our assignment at times, and it’s often crunch time, or a time where if we do everything exactly right, there’s a chance for a big play, but instead I got to throw it away or we’re just not making the right plays at the right times. Third down, we’ve been pretty bad in comparison to how we’ve been over the last 10 years.
Q: On the quality of work at practice…
A: I would say that this week we had our best week of practice in a while. We’re humming on Wednesday and Thursday, had a good practice Saturday. It’s different when you’re playing a team in practice compared to playing guys who are getting paid to play on the other side of the ball. Just the small little details and angles and points. Those guys make plays too, but we got to tighten it up.
Q: Did you see this struggle coming?
A: I knew we had a tough stretch, four really tough places to play. I didn’t think we’d go 1-4 on that stretch, but that’s where we’re at. We’re here; 4-6-1. We have to win our last five, and even that might not be enough.
Q: On the rest of the season…
A: We’ll see what we’re made of for the last five weeks. Are we going to stick together through these tough times or are we going to start splintering? I’d like to think that the leadership is in place that we can stick together through whatever happens. But these five weeks will show it.
Stafford-led Lions blank Packers
Philbin recaps loss to Lions
Aaron Rodgers: "I Love Competing"
Philbin: "They Never Stopped Believing That They Could Get The Job Done"
Jackson, Trubisky lead Bears to NFC North title
Rodgers: ‘We haven’t made enough plays this year’
Philbin: ‘They made more plays than we did’
Packers beat skidding Falcons in Philbin’s debut
Rodgers credits preparation, execution in victory
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Atheist Groups Respond to Retirement of Supreme Court Justice Anthony Kennedy June 27, 2018 Hemant Mehta
Atheist Groups Respond to Retirement of Supreme Court Justice Anthony Kennedy
Atheist and church/state separation groups are responding to the announcement that Justice Anthony Kennedy is retiring from the Supreme Court in dire terms, worried about what’s to come.
All of them who discussed the topic of timing urged Congress to wait until after the midterm elections before seating anybody.
American Atheists’ legal and policy director Alison Gill:
With the retirement of Justice Kennedy, President Trump has the opportunity to nominate someone who could maintain the Court’s balance and garner broad, bipartisan support. Unfortunately, the President has shown that he is more interested in packing the courts from top to bottom with ideologues and extremists than he is in ensuring equal protection under the law for all Americans.
The ‘short list’ of 25 candidates for the Supreme Court the President has released have been hand-picked by organizations that would gut civil rights protections, severely limit access to reproductive healthcare, and funnel billions of our tax dollars into religious education, all in the name of their distorted conception of ‘religious freedom.’
The Senate must exercise its constitutional duty to fully examine the record of any nominee to the Court and not simply serve as a rubber stamp for a President whose judicial nominees have shown a total lack of respect for precedent and outright hostility to the shared values of the American people. The American people deserve a Justice who will jealously guard true religious freedom for all.
Considering the ‘rule’ invoked by Senate Majority Leader Mitch McConnell after the death of Justice Scalia, the Senate should allow the American people to first weigh in on the direction of our nation during this year’s upcoming midterm elections before moving forward with any nomination. As Leader McConnell said, ‘The American people are perfectly capable of having their say on this issue, so let’s give them a voice. Let’s let the American people decide.’ We agree. The American people shouldn’t be denied a voice.
The Freedom From Religion Foundation:
Although not unanticipated, the news today that Justice Anthony Kennedy is retiring from the U.S. Supreme Court is an ominous development for our civil liberties.
The opposition in Congress absolutely must do what it can to ensure that confirmation hearings and votes on Kennedy’s replacement are delayed until after the winners of the fall congressional election have been sworn in.
Although Kennedy’s record in keeping state and church separate has been spotty at best, replacing him with another Neil Gorsuch will lead to 5-4 decisions with majority opinions that are far more emphatically hostile to secularism and true religious freedom. We will go from a 5-4 court with Kennedy sometimes swinging to our side, to an entrenched 5-4 “anti” court…
Further, Kennedy was always a hopeful check against the most egregious cases of government actors using their position to promote religion. With his replacement, the court will be more willing to accept cases that will allow it to drastically rewrite state/church law from the last 70 years, confident that it will always have the five votes it needs.
Larry T. Decker, Executive Director of the Secular Coalition for America:
… As a country, we have reached a precipice and the Supreme Court may be all that is keeping us from stepping over the edge.
The minimum acceptable criteria for any Supreme Court Justice should include a commitment to defending the constitutional separation of church and state. In just the past three weeks, the Supreme Court has considered three cases, Masterpiece Cakeshop v. Colorado Civil Rights Commission, Trump v. Hawaii, and NIFLA v. Becerra, in which religion was used to infringe on the rights of others. This is only the tip of the iceberg. There will undoubtedly be many more cases like this, and we need a Supreme Court Justice who will issue rulings based on the Constitution, not adherence to some religious or political agenda. The future of our country is at stake, and it is the responsibility of every American to do their part to help ensure it is not forfeited.
Americans United for Separation of Church and State:
“We’re at a pivotal moment,” said Rachel Laser, president and CEO of Americans United. “The separation of church and state is the only way to ensure religious freedom for all Americans. This principle could not be more vital, given that Americans belong to hundreds of different faiths, and many are non-religious. Yet all signs indicate that President Donald Trump will appoint a justice who will undermine this foundational and vital American value.”
Americans United noted that Kennedy’s record on separation of church and state was mixed. He strongly opposed subjecting children to religious coercion in public schools and was a powerful defender of LGBTQ rights, including recently recognizing that religion cannot be used to justify discrimination. But he also saw little problem with government steering tax dollars to religious schools and adopted the view that corporations like Hobby Lobby should be able to deny employees access to birth control in health care plans on religious grounds.
Laser noted that before Trump named Neil Gorsuch to the Supreme Court, he assured his conservative evangelical base that they would “love” his choice. Laser said this time Trump must appoint a justice whom all Americans can support.
“With so much at stake, we need a justice for all, not for only some,” Laser said.
The Center for Inquiry:
“Raising another Alito or Gorsuch to the bench for a lifetime appointment will fundamentally reshape the Court for many years to come, and it will be at the expense of women, racial and religious minorities, the LGBTQ community, and atheists,” said Nick Little, CFI’s Vice President and General Counsel. “It will be up to the men and women of the Senate, regardless of party, to keep this Supreme Court seat from being given away to an idealogue.”
“Kennedy was far from a perfect Justice,” added Little. “He joined the majority in Hobby Lobby, which distorted the definition of religious freedom to allow corporations unjustifiable exemptions from the law. But his departure hurts America on many critical issues.”
“Though we fear this will fall on deaf ears, we nonetheless implore President Trump to nominate a Justice who will defend the constitutional rights of all Americans, not wrench us back to a darker era,” said Little. “Failing that, the Senate will have to find the courage to push back against this president.”
I’ll update this post with other reactions as they come in.
(Screenshot via YouTube)
June 27, 2018 Dan Reynolds Wants to Combat Anti-LGBTQ Hate Among Mormons. Will It Work?
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Winston Duke
Winston Duke Biography
Updated On Feb 26, 2019 Published On Jun 01, 2018
Timeline of Winston Duke
1986 Born in Tobago
2004 Attended Brighton High School
2014 Started from Theatre productions
2015 Was Cast in Major Crimes
2016 Was Cast in Modern Family
2018 Starred in Black Panther
2018 Appeared in Avengers: Infinity War
2019 Worth Thousand
Facts of Winston Duke
1986 , November-15
Cora Pantin
Tobago, Trinidad & Tobago
Afro-Tobagonian
estimated $800k
Famous for
Balck Panther
Meeth Thetics
Brighton High School, Yale school of Drama
MTV Movie Award for Best Fight
Facebook, Instagram, Twitter
Black Panther, Avengers: Infinity War
Modern Family, The Messengers
View moreless Facts of Winston Duke
Winston Duke is a Trinbagonian American actor known for his role in Marvel Cinematic Universe Black Panther and Avengers: Infinity War.
Early Life And Education of Winston Duke
Winston Duke was born on November 15, 1986, and is 32 years old. He was born in Tobago, Trinidad & Tobago to mother Cora Pantin. At the age of nine, Winston moved to the United States with his mother and sister where he attended Brighton High School and graduated in 2004.
After finishing high school, Duke went to study theatre at the University at Buffalo. He got his master’s degree from the Yale School of Drama where he studied with his now co-star Lupita Nyong’o.
Duke holds Trinidadian nationality and belongs to Afro-Tobagonian ethnicity.
Winston Duke's Career
Winston started acting in theatre productions for Portland Stage Company and Yale Repertory Theatre. In 2014, Winston was cast in Law & Order: Special Victims Unit as Cedric Jones. In the same year, he got cast in Person of Interest as Dominic/ Mini for seven episodes.
In 2015, Winston participated in The Messengers for three episodes as Zahir Zakaria and in Major Crimes as Curtis Turner. Winston then starred in Modern Family in 2016 for three episodes as Dwight.
Duke’s breakthrough was from the movie Black Panther, a movie based on Marvel Comics character of the same name produced by Marvel Studios. Winston portrayed the role of powerful, ruthless warrior M’Baku, who is the leader of Wakanda’s mountain tribe, the Jabari. Winston gathered worldwide fame through this role.
Winston co-starred alongside actors like Chadwick Boseman, Michael B. Jordan, Lupita Nyong’o, Danai Gurira, Martin Freeman, Letitia Wright, Angela Bassett, Forest Whitaker, and Andy Serkis in the movie. For his role as M’Baku, Winston was nominated for MTV Movie Award for Best Fight.
Winston also appeared in 2018 Avengers: Infinity War as M’Baku where The Avengers and the Wakanda warriors forces stand together to fight against Thanos’s army.
Winston Duke's Net Worth and Earnings
Winston has made appearances in many television shows and movies. As of early 2019, Winston Duke's net worth is estimated to be around $800 thousand but has not revealed his salary yet.
With his growing career, we can expect his wealth will grow too. His breakthrough movie Black Panther was made on a budget of $200 million-$210 million and its box office collection was $1.344 billion. His second Marvel movie Avengers: Infinity War was made on a budget of $316 million-400 million and made $1.841 billion at the box office.
Winston Duke's Personal Life
Duke was blasted online by a number of man and women as a ‘sell-out’ when they came to know about his White/Asian girlfriend.
Winston has been dating his girlfriend Meth Thetics, whose mother is Asian and his father is White for over two years. Winston has also shared a few pictures with his girlfriend.
However, Duke is not married and has no children or wife. Being a famous person, Winston keeps his life private. Thus, there are not much information about his affairs, relationship, marriage, and divorce.
Winston Duke's Body Measurements
Winston stands 6 feet 4 inches and has an athletic body. He likes to workout, lifts weights, and rock-climbs during his free time. We can find Winston active on social sites like Facebook, Instagram, and Twitter.
Winston Duke facts on timeline
Born in Tobago
November 15 , 1986
Winston was born on November 15, 1986, in Tobago, Trinidad & Tobago. At the age of nine, he moved to the United States with his mother and sister.
Attended Brighton High School
Winston graduated from Brighton High School in 2004. He went to study theatre in University at Buffalo. He attended Yale School of Drama for his master's degree.
Started from Theatre productions
Winston started acting in theatre productions for Portland Stage Company. He was cast in Law and Order: Special Victims Unit in 2014.
Was Cast in Major Crimes
In 2015, Winston was cast in Major Crimes as Curtis Turner. The same year he was cast in The Messengers as Zahir Zakaria for three episodes alongside J.D Pardo, Joel Courtney, Jessika Van.
Was Cast in Modern Family
Winston participated in Modern Family alongside Sofia Vergara, Julie Bowen, Ty Burrell, Nolan Winter in 2016. He was cast as Dwight for three episodes.
Starred in Black Panther
Winston breakthrough movie was Black Panther. He starred in the movie as the leader of the Wakanda's mountain Tribe, the Jabari, M'Baku. He starred alongside Chadwick Boseman, Michael B. Jordan, Martin Freeman.
Appeared in Avengers: Infinity War
After Black Panther, Winston made an appearance in Avengers: Infinity War. He was seen with the Wakanda Forces ready to fight against Thanos's army.
Worth Thousand
Winston has not revealed his salary, however, his net worth by the end of 2019 was estimated to be around $800k.
; Black Panther
Meth Thetics
Celebrity Spouse Deanne Burditt Ameriican legal officer
japanese actor Star Kid Japanese Writer Japanese Millionaire Celebrity Ayako Fujitani
Plus-size model American model American millionaire celebrity Anansa Sims
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Tag Archive | caging a wild bird
Why America Needs a Phil Robertson
Photo from Duck Dynasty Quotes Facebook page, photo credit unknown.
He sports a beard at least a foot plus long, according to GQ he has severe bunions on his big toes and his wardrobe consists of camouflage, camouflage and white tee-shirts. Fashionable in the swamps and woods of Louisiana but not in the halls and offices of local, state or federal government.
He has a degree from Louisiana Tech in education and is a former teacher in a private Christian school. Underestimating his intelligence is a mistake. Even if when he speaks he has the ability to say exactly what needs to be said without a load of twenty dollars words to say it though the language may be coarse, don’t think of him as lacking in the ability to understand the twenty dollar words.
A&E made that mistake. Robertson, one of the stars of Duck Dynasty A&E’s blockbuster semi-reality television show, has never been shy about sharing his religious views. Despite knowing Robertson’s views on “controversial” issues such as homosexuality, they asked him to do a interview on his home turf with GQ magazine. When said interview yielded quotes from Robinson that are so far from being politically correct they seem unbelievable A&E acts surprised and shocked. Reacting quickly with a knee-jerk reaction they suspend Robertson for an undetermined time frame and the fallout continues.
American’s have flocked to Robinson’s defense. Both those who agree with his beliefs and those who don’t but do believe he has the right to freely express them.
Why this strong response? Why are American’s reacting like a mama bear whose cubs have been attacked? Because, as a nation overall it’s my belief we NEED Robertson.
People like knowing what you see is what you get, no chance fame or fortune will reveal a different person entirely. After all, money hasn’t changed Phil Robertson. People clamoring for his attention, for a sound bite or a photo hasn’t been a pleasant burden but one he has bore. Robertson’s refusal to cower to executive big wigs, the powerful media or lobbying groups is refreshing. So impressed are we that we sign petitions demanding justice. We start clamoring for Phil Robertson to run for president. President of the United States in the 2016 campaign.
Can’t deny we need a person with Robertson’s solid, unshakeable belief in the Bible and God in the Oval Office. Can’t deny we’ve not had a candidate we could wholeheartedly support like Robertson in decades. Can’t deny the images that come to mind of Robertson in the Oval Office, Miss Kay in the kitchen teaching the chef how to cook like a pioneer and life in the White House aren’t amusing. But it would be a grave disservice to Robertson.
What appeals to the average Joe and Jane is Robertson’s realness. Take the man from his beloved swamps and woods and he is not happy, happy, happy. Force such a drastic change upon Robertson and he would rebel. It would be like caging a wild bird and clipping its wings.
But we want Robertson in charge. Or someone like him. Someone unafraid of speaking and campaigning for a America more like yesteryear. Don’t we?
Yes and no. We have to remember we’ve opened Pandora’s box and we can’t force what has escaped back inside. Fixing America’s problems isn’t a job for someone with no political ambition to be elected. It isn’t for those who would lose such a huge part of themselves to serve they would cease being who and what they are. And the past prepares us for the future but it isn’t the future nor the present.
I respect Phil Robertson. I would love to see him in the White House. But it would be the wrong thing, I think, to put Robertson in such a position. He doesn’t want it.
Somewhere in America though is a person who has Robertson’s candor, firm and unshakable faith in God and ability to deliver the changes we want in America. Stand up our friend and walk on.
This entry was posted on December 27, 2013, in America, Faith Life and tagged America, caging a wild bird, Duck Dynasty, fixing our issues together, Phil Robertson for President, the caliber of the person we need in the White House. Leave a comment
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These sites are still great.
25 sur 128
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These sites are still great. An Internet Watered Down
John Pettengill
, VP of Product at VAL Health
And we do need them.
An Internet Watered Down / The Problem / Page 25
Publié dans : Technologie, Business
Licence: CC Attribution-ShareAlike License
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Lars Bjørge , Digital Strategy Director at PHD
Some great mobile POVs
CECULT / UFRB at CECULT / UFRB
Very good presentation. I have a phd research about locative media using bluetooth technology and my essencial questions is the contextualization of the information on some locals. Congratulations !
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Beautifully presented
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An Internet Watered Down or, how to save the mobile web John Pettengill
Hi, I’m John. Photo by red5standingby (flickr) An Internet Watered Down / Page 2
Hi, I’m John. I work at Razorfish in New York. Photo by red5standingby (flickr) An Internet Watered Down / Page 3
I used to be a graphic designer. Photo by Ross Franklin An Internet Watered Down / Page 4
I used to be a graphic designer. a math guy. Photo by Stuart Pilbrow An Internet Watered Down / Page 5
I used to be a graphic designer. a math guy. a big geek. Photo by spike55151 (flickr) An Internet Watered Down / Page 6
Now I’m mostly an Information Architect and sci-fi lover. Photo by Sharyn Morrow An Internet Watered Down / Page 7
I’m pretty disappointed with the mobile websites I’ve seen. Photo by Emran Kassim An Internet Watered Down / Page 8
They’re just like the “regular” website, but with less. Photo by sgrace (flickr) An Internet Watered Down / Page 9
They’re just like the regular website, “regular” website, but with less content. Photo by sgrace (flickr) An Internet Watered Down / Page 10
They’re just like the regular website, “regular” website, but with less ways to navigate the content. Photo by sgrace (flickr) An Internet Watered Down / Page 11
They’re just like the regular website, “regular” website, but with less functionality. Photo by sgrace (flickr) An Internet Watered Down / Page 12
You get the idea. Don’t assume a 1:1 relationship between a site and its mobile extension. Photo by Emran Kassim An Internet Watered Down / Page 13
But our users don’t deserve less on the mobile web. Photo by Thomas Hawk An Internet Watered Down / Page 14
But our users don’t deserve less on the mobile web. They deserve more. Photo by Thomas Hawk An Internet Watered Down / Page 15
But our users don’t deserve less on the mobile web. They deserve more. So let’s give it to them. Photo by Thomas Hawk An Internet Watered Down / Page 16
Let’s stop treating mobile site builds as an afterthought. Photo by Pete Jordan An Internet Watered Down / Page 17
Let’s stop treating mobile site builds as an afterthought. No more watered down internets. Photo by Pete Jordan An Internet Watered Down / Page 18
1 / The Problem or, how our idea of “The Mobile Web” is flawed. 2 / The Solution or, we have opportunities outside of the web as we know it. 3 / The Case Studies or, what everyone else is doing. 4 / The Wrap Up or, what you should take away from all of this. An Internet Watered Down / Page 19
1 / The Problem An Internet Watered Down / The Problem / Page 20
The World Wide Web is trying to become a local tool. Photo by Amy van der Hiel An Internet Watered Down / The Problem / Page 21
But it isn’t. http://eventful.com An Internet Watered Down / The Problem / Page 22
Never was. http://yelp.com/nyc An Internet Watered Down / The Problem / Page 23
Never will be. http://newyork.craigslist.org An Internet Watered Down / The Problem / Page 24
These sites are still great. And we do need them. An Internet Watered Down / The Problem / Page 25
These sites are still great. And we do need them. But these sites are not part of the mobile web. An Internet Watered Down / The Problem / Page 26
These sites are still great. And we do need them. But these sites are not part of the mobile web. Mobile optimized versions of these aren’t the mobile web. An Internet Watered Down / The Problem / Page 27
They’re just offering users the same old internet. Photos by Ian Muttoo An Internet Watered Down / The Problem / Page 28
Which features broad content and powerful (but general) functionality. Photos by Ian Muttoo An Internet Watered Down / The Problem / Page 29
Which just doesn’t work on a phone. Photos by Laura Thorne An Internet Watered Down / The Problem / Page 30
Which just doesn’t work on a phone. fit onto a phone. Photos by Laura Thorne An Internet Watered Down / The Problem / Page 31
Which just doesn’t work on a phone. fit onto a phone. make sense on a phone. Photos by Laura Thorne An Internet Watered Down / The Problem / Page 32
Your phone is not the same as your home computer. Photos by Aaron Landry and Joe Hatfield An Internet Watered Down / The Problem / Page 33
Home computers have large displays full-size keyboards fast connections users chillaxing in pjs Photo by Joe Hatfield An Internet Watered Down / The Problem / Page 34
And consequently, the internet can be sloppy. Photo by Joe Hatfield An Internet Watered Down / The Problem / Page 35
Phones have small displays tiny keyboards multitasking users Photo by Aaron Landry An Internet Watered Down / The Problem / Page 36
And as a result, the mobile internet cannot be sloppy. Photo by Aaron Landry An Internet Watered Down / The Problem / Page 37
So if these two are so different, why are we giving our users the same thing? Users are in two completely different states at home vs being out and about. Photo by rmkoske (flickr) An Internet Watered Down / The Problem / Page 38
It’s no lie that content works on a cell phone. Photo by Aaron Landry An Internet Watered Down / The Problem / Page 39
But that’s not really the point. Photo by Aaron Landry An Internet Watered Down / The Problem / Page 40
We have a powerful, locationally aware, communication holy grail. Photo by Dushaun (flickr) An Internet Watered Down / The Problem / Page 41
And we’re using it to play sudoku and read the Times. Photo by Dushaun (flickr) An Internet Watered Down / The Problem / Page 42
It’s like asking Frank Gehry to build a birdhouse. Photo by juandesant (flickr) An Internet Watered Down / The Problem / Page 43
It’s like asking Frank Gehry to build a birdhouse. It’s a waste of time. Photo by juandesant (flickr) An Internet Watered Down / The Problem / Page 44
And honestly, that’s what mobiles do. Mobiles fill up our dead time. Find opportunities outside of the “dead time” in pain points a user faces everyday. Photo by juandesant (flickr) An Internet Watered Down / The Problem / Page 45
They’ve become our book. Photo by Reeding Lessons (flickr) An Internet Watered Down / The Problem / Page 46
They’ve become our book. Our TV. Photo by Alexandre Jorge An Internet Watered Down / The Problem / Page 47
They’ve become our book. Our TV. Our Nintendo. Photo by Shahid Sarker An Internet Watered Down / The Problem / Page 48
But we’re repeating categories when we should be forging new ones. Making content available on mobiles is the baseline. Let’s strive to perform above it. Photo by Shahid Sarker An Internet Watered Down / The Problem / Page 49
Especially when your phone has something your home computer does not. Photo by Aaron Landry An Internet Watered Down / The Problem / Page 50
Context. Photo by Aaron Landry An Internet Watered Down / The Problem / Page 51
We may have realized that the mobile space is changing. Photo by Scott Ableman An Internet Watered Down / The Problem / Page 52
We may have realized that the mobile space is changing our lives. Photo by Scott Ableman An Internet Watered Down / The Problem / Page 53
We may have realized that the mobile space is changing our lives. But most businesses don’t understand what that means yet. Photo by Scott Ableman An Internet Watered Down / The Problem / Page 54
Because they’re still asking us for this. An Internet Watered Down / The Problem / Page 55
Because they’re still asking us for this. Let’s do one better. An Internet Watered Down / The Problem / Page 56
Let’s give them this. Photo by Karl Tate An Internet Watered Down / The Problem / Page 57
We are going to hyperlink the world. http://flickr.com An Internet Watered Down / The Problem / Page 58
2 / The Solution An Internet Watered Down / The Solution / Page 59
So you’re at the grocery store Photo by Jacob Patton An Internet Watered Down / The Solution / Page 60
‘cause you got a killer case of the donut munchies, Photo by Belinda Hankins Miller An Internet Watered Down / The Solution / Page 61
but the line is super long, Photo by Sean Bonner An Internet Watered Down / The Solution / Page 62
but the line is super long (which sucks), Photo by Sean Bonner An Internet Watered Down / The Solution / Page 63
there’s a screaming kid, like, right in front of you, Photo by Ben McLeod An Internet Watered Down / The Solution / Page 64
and apparently Reese Witherspoon and Ryan Phillippe split up. Photo by Laura Mundee An Internet Watered Down / The Solution / Page 65
Now find your credit card. Photo by Mike v An Internet Watered Down / The Solution / Page 66
And next? You have to use this machine to pay. Photo by Jason Eppink An Internet Watered Down / The Solution / Page 67
And next? You have to use this machine to pay. This credit card reader is no one’s preferred tool. Photo by Jason Eppink An Internet Watered Down / The Solution / Page 68
And next? You have to use this machine to pay. This credit card reader is no one’s preferred tool. Most of us would prefer to use our own tool. Photo by Jason Eppink An Internet Watered Down / The Solution / Page 69
A tool that probably looks something like this. Photo by Sébastien Barré An Internet Watered Down / The Solution / Page 70
And just like that, we killed Saturday morning budgeting. Combine tasks that are separate, but shouldn’t be. An Internet Watered Down / The Solution / Page 76
Not to mention digital coupon delivery, reward programs, and skipping the formal check-out process. Photo by Bruce Turner An Internet Watered Down / The Solution / Page 77
The needs of users change depending on whether or not they’re at home. Photo by Amy van der Hiel An Internet Watered Down / The Solution / Page 78
When you’re at home Barnes & Noble has a robust site where you can find a store or buy books. Photo by Nick Humphries An Internet Watered Down / The Solution / Page 79
And when you’re out, the site can still be a good resource. Photo by Mo Riza An Internet Watered Down / The Solution / Page 80
But what about when you’re at a Barnes & Noble? Photo by Michael Dunn An Internet Watered Down / The Solution / Page 81
Can you search for a book actually at that Barnes and Noble? Photo by Christian Guthier An Internet Watered Down / The Solution / Page 82
Can you search for a book actually at that Barnes and Noble? And get taken right to it? Photo by Christian Guthier An Internet Watered Down / The Solution / Page 83
Can you preview CDs using your mobile? Photo by Raymond Yee An Internet Watered Down / The Solution / Page 84
Can you order a latté refill without having to pack up all of your things? Photo by Jeff Kole An Internet Watered Down / The Solution / Page 85
3 / The Case Studies An Internet Watered Down / The Case Studies / Page 94
Michael loves going to his local Starbucks. Photo by Jason Rogers An Internet Watered Down / The Case Studies / Page 95
Michael loves going to his local Starbucks. Sometimes he hears music he likes when he’s there. Photo by Jason Rogers An Internet Watered Down / The Case Studies / Page 96
Apple & Starbucks have teamed up. The iPhone can now show coffee drinkers the last song played at the store. Photo by Pinot Dita An Internet Watered Down / The Case Studies / Page 97
And, conveniently, Apple has a music store where you can download the songs. Photo by Pinot Dita An Internet Watered Down / The Case Studies / Page 98
Starbucks is giving users timely information, and tools specific to their environment. Mobile extensions can have nothing to do with your business yet still fit your brand. Photo by Pinot Dita An Internet Watered Down / The Case Studies / Page 99
They did this without NFC. And without GPS. Photo by Karl Baron An Internet Watered Down / The Case Studies / Page 100
They did this without NFC. And without GPS. So no more excuses. Photo by Karl Baron An Internet Watered Down / The Case Studies / Page 101
Shazam didn’t need any. Shazam (iPhone App) An Internet Watered Down / The Case Studies / Page 102
Neither did Amazon. Amazon Mobile (iPhone App) An Internet Watered Down / The Case Studies / Page 103
And certainly not Urbanspoon. Do one thing and do it well. Chipotle Mobile Ordering (iPhone App) An Internet Watered Down / The Case Studies / Page 104
Any way you look at it, the way mobiles fit into our lives is changing. Photo by Thomas Hawk An Internet Watered Down / The Case Studies / Page 105
4 / The Wrap Up An Internet Watered Down / The Wrap Up / Page 106
I’m not saying that your mobile is some kind of magic wand. Photo by Amancay Maahs An Internet Watered Down / The Wrap Up / Page 107
I’m not saying that your mobile is some kind of magic wand. But I kinda am. An Internet Watered Down / The Wrap Up / Page 108
If we’re hyperlinking the world, then a mobile will be our mouse. Photo by Ross Franklin An Internet Watered Down / The Wrap Up / Page 109
It’s our tool and translator for accessing a hidden world of information, which is lurking all around us. Photo by Carolyn Barnes An Internet Watered Down / The Wrap Up / Page 110
Retail brands can offer powerful mobile brand extensions. Photo by Pinot Dita An Internet Watered Down / The Wrap Up / Page 111
Giving us a playful way of discovering and getting things done. Photo by Pinot Dita An Internet Watered Down / The Wrap Up / Page 112
Giving us a playful way of discovering and getting things done. On our own terms. Photo by Pinot Dita An Internet Watered Down / The Wrap Up / Page 113
Stand alone apps like Wikitude prove that this revolution may be served to us bottom up. Wikitude (Android App) An Internet Watered Down / The Wrap Up / Page 114
Some things to remember: Photo by George Morgan An Internet Watered Down / The Wrap Up / Page 115
Don’t assume a 1:1 relationship between a site and its mobile extension. Photo by George Morgan An Internet Watered Down / The Wrap Up / Page 116
Don’t assume a 1:1 relationship between a site and its mobile extension. Users are in two completely different states at home vs being out and about. Photo by George Morgan An Internet Watered Down / The Wrap Up / Page 117
Don’t assume a 1:1 relationship between a site and its mobile extension. Users are in two completely different states at home vs being out and about. Making content available on mobiles is the baseline. Let’s strive to perform above it. Photo by George Morgan An Internet Watered Down / The Wrap Up / Page 118
Don’t assume a 1:1 relationship between Do one thing a site and its mobile and do it well. extension. Users are in two completely different states at home vs being out and about. Making content available on mobiles is the baseline. Let’s strive to perform above it. Photo by George Morgan An Internet Watered Down / The Wrap Up / Page 119
Don’t assume a 1:1 relationship between Do one thing a site and its mobile and do it well. extension. Users are in two completely Combine tasks that different states at are separate, but home vs being out shouldn’t be. and about. Making content available on mobiles is the baseline. Let’s strive to perform above it. Photo by George Morgan An Internet Watered Down / The Wrap Up / Page 120
Don’t assume a 1:1 relationship between Do one thing a site and its mobile and do it well. extension. Users are in two completely Combine tasks that different states at are separate, but home vs being out shouldn’t be. and about. Making content Find opportunities available on mobiles outside of the “dead is the baseline. Let’s time” in pain points a strive to perform user faces everyday. above it. Photo by George Morgan An Internet Watered Down / The Wrap Up / Page 121
Mobile extensions Don’t assume a 1:1 can have nothing relationship between Do one thing to do with your a site and its mobile and do it well. business yet still fit extension. your brand. Users are in two completely Combine tasks that different states at are separate, but home vs being out shouldn’t be. and about. Making content Find opportunities available on mobiles outside of the “dead is the baseline. Let’s time” in pain points a strive to perform user faces everyday. above it. Photo by George Morgan An Internet Watered Down / The Wrap Up / Page 122
Mobile extensions Don’t assume a 1:1 can have nothing relationship between Do one thing to do with your a site and its mobile and do it well. business yet still fit extension. your brand. Users are in Brand extensions can two completely Combine tasks that add much needed different states at are separate, but serendipity to a home vs being out shouldn’t be. static world. and about. Making content Find opportunities available on mobiles outside of the “dead is the baseline. Let’s time” in pain points a strive to perform user faces everyday. above it. Photo by George Morgan An Internet Watered Down / The Wrap Up / Page 123
We shouldn’t be giving users watered down websites. Photo by Pete Jordan An Internet Watered Down / The Wrap Up / Page 124
We shouldn’t be giving users watered down websites. Stop trying to guess what the user wants to do. Photo by Pete Jordan An Internet Watered Down / The Wrap Up / Page 125
We shouldn’t be giving users watered down websites. Stop trying to guess what the user wants to do. Instead focus on where the user is doing it. Photo by Pete Jordan An Internet Watered Down / The Wrap Up / Page 126
How will locationally aware mobiles change: gaming social networks everything else Photo by Pete Jordan An Internet Watered Down / The Wrap Up / Page 127
Thank you. An Internet Watered Down or, how to save the mobile web John Pettengill
PowerPoint 2013 : Astuces et techniques
How to Save on Holiday Travel
Experian_US
Plantilla Power XLVI
Fernando Zeledón
Poesie sur feuilles
Διονύσης Μάργαρης
Plantilla Power XLV
Web Ct Student Orient
Cindy Wright
Arte gótico alumnos de 2do secciones A, B,C.
Historia Historia Arte
Workplace Redefined[1]
J. Kim Scholes
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District 12 of ‘The Hunger Games’ is now a historic place
Posted 8:34 pm, June 22, 2019, by AP Wire
RALEIGH, N.C. — What would the folks in the Capitol think? District 12 is now on the National Register of Historic Places.
The Henry River Mill Village, which served as the home of the three main characters from the original “The Hunger Games,” was named a historic place last month and announced by state officials earlier this week. It’s a designation that the new owners sought for the 72-acre (29-hectare) property because they “wanted to be the ones who got this property the recognition it deserves,” said Calvin Reyes, who bought the village in 2017 with his mother and stepfather.
When “The Hunger Games” was filmed in North Carolina in 2011, the mill village served as the home of Katniss, Peeta and Gale. But when Reyes talks about the proper recognition, he’s not referring merely to the filming of a box office smash.
“People come for ‘The Hunger Games,’ but they stay for the history,” Reyes said in a phone interview Thursday.
That history began about 1905 when the Henry River Manufacturing Co. established the mill in Hildebran in western North Carolina, about 70 miles (112 km) east of Asheville. The mill, which closed in 1970, burned down in 1977. It now includes a two-story company store and about 20 wood-frame textile workers’ homes.
The historic places nomination form says “the abandoned site took on the appearance of a ghost town” in the two decades after the mill burned, with 14 houses lost to decay and the boarding house demolished.
Despite the decay, the mill village “is a distinguished collection of unaltered mill housing in a planned rural village associated with North Carolina’s important textile industry in the early twentieth century,” the form says.
Reyes and his family were looking for property where they could build homes for their extended family when they found the mill village. The front door of the brick building that once was the company store and served as Mellark Bakery in the movie was screwed shut with a piece of plywood, and the inside looked like an episode of “Hoarders,” Reyes said.
Still, the three of them were charmed. They toured the property one afternoon and had it under contract the next day, paying $360,000 — a bargain considering the previous owner once was asking $1.4 million. That owner, Wade Shepherd, died in 2015, two years before the village sold.
“We knew from the beginning that we wanted to save these houses,” Reyes said. “We’re not preservationists or developers. But it spoke to us, and it was something we wanted to do.”
Shepherd, had complained about visitors and vandals even before “The Hunger Games” opened. Now the property is protected by cameras, lights and tours that take place five days a week. In addition, a “Hunger Games” tour group brings visitors on weekends. Since some people believe the property is haunted, paranormal tours also are available.
The National Park Service manages the historic places register, which doesn’t limit what an owner can do with their property. However, the designation may make property owners eligible for preservation funds and federal historic tax credits.
Author Suzanne Collins announced earlier this week that she’s releasing a prequel to her trilogy about a post-apocalyptic world. It’s set for release next year. That can only fuel interest in all things about Panem.
Reyes and the Namours plan to eventually restore the property, starting with a museum and gift shop, then maybe a house or two renovated for overnight stays. They hope to open a restaurant as well. They’ve set up the Henry River Preservation Fund that takes the money from the tours, which cost $15 with a guide and $10 unguided.
“We’re making sure that … this place (visitors) think of District 12, they know is a place where multiple generations grew up,” Reyes said. “A lot of people in North Carolina can trace their lineage to these mill villages that were all over the state.
“To me, the South is this, the story and the culture and where they came from. It’s a great story.”
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Captioners: Remembering Your Audience
Back in the days before closed captioning was mandated, translated, and legislated, everything was clear and simple: captions were created for deaf and hard-of-hearing (HoH) people. Looking back through the rosy glow of nostalgia, captioners had a goal and worked with like-minded broadcasters and agencies to serve our target audience.
In reality, that model has been changing since before the Television Decoder Circuitry Act was enacted in 1990. Even then, less than half of the country’s 500,000 caption decoders had been sold to people with hearing impairments. Today, the average American is most likely to think of captioning as something one sees in noisy bars, gyms, and airports, but the people who need captioners are the same ones captioning was created for: the deaf and HoH audience.
High-Quality Captioning: A Conundrum
At first blush, a captioner’s goal seems simple: produce high-quality captioning. Unfortunately, that goal has two major problems. First, defining “quality.” Second, answering the critical question, “quality for whom?”
I primarily use captioning to help me keep up with the dialog on TV while the dog is barking, the grandson is talking, the phone is ringing, and the world cat-wrestling championship is taking place on the couch next to me. When I miss a word, I look at the bottom of the screen and there it is! Deaf people aren’t using captioning to fill in a few gaps. They’re using it as a substitute for the audio track. “Quality” to them isn’t the same as it is to me or to you.
When NCRA issues a CBC (Certified Broadcast Captioner) or CRR (Certified Realtime Reporter) certification, they test what’s practical to test: your ability to produce a verbatim – or near-verbatim – voice-to-text product. Getting those words transcribed and onto the screen isn’t the whole job of a captioner, though. Other facets of the captioning matter, too.
The people I interviewed for this article raised some issues that you may not normally consider part of delivering quality captioning, including:
Latency: The delay between the word being spoken and appearing in the captions
Positioning: Captions covering critical content on the screen
Lack of Speaker ID: Not making it clear who is speaking
Non-verbal Cues: Sound effects, song identification, and other non-spoken information
Dana Mulvany of Differing Abilities told me, “Significantly delayed captions end up denying access, particularly when they are cut off by commercials. They also deny access to understanding the facial expressions as well as the words.”
Delays are definitely a big issue. If the captions lag two or three seconds behind the video, it’s pretty easy to follow along and see the broadcast as a unified whole. I timed a national morning news show several times over several broadcasts, and found delays of seven to nine seconds. When watching a fast-paced newscast, it becomes difficult to understand when the captions are that far behind the video. On talk shows, I’ve measured delays of 20 seconds and more. At that point, you’re several jokes behind, and you can lose content as well.
“Delayed captions can get cut off when the program is interrupted by commercials or the end of the program, so they can be highly disruptive,” Mulvaney said.
Digital satellite broadcasts delay the video by several seconds, and DTV transcoding of captions can introduce even more delay.
Philip Bravin, former Chair of the Gallaudet University Board of Trustees, commented, “Sometimes I go back to standard definition just to enjoy captions on news better, because the latency in HDTV captioning is driving me crazy.”
One way that captioners can reduce the delay in the captions is to listen to a direct audio source over the phone instead of pulling audio from a digital broadcast. Additionally, most captioning software allows you to adjust the delay time. Clearly, if the software holds back a line or more of captions, you have more time to correct errors, which makes the caption text more accurate. This, unfortunately, comes at the expense of usability, as the delay makes captions harder to follow.
There’s more to the latency story than that, however, and most of it is out of the captioner’s control. As an example, my wife (freelance stenocaptioner Kathy Robson) was doing a sports broadcast the other day. The client required the captions to be routed to several encoders. This meant that she had to dial in to the captioning firm, which split the signal and routed it to multiple destinations. I stopwatched the delay. From the time the captions left her computer until they appeared on the satellite image we were watching was just under eight seconds. You can do your part, but you can’t fix that problem.
I’m not speaking here of purely aesthetic decisions about where to place captions, but of practical positioning decisions that affect the usability and understandability of the captioning. Typically, this means captions covering critical content on the screen.
“[It] drives me nuts when they are captioning something that is written on the screen, like David Letterman’s Top 10 List,” said Tom Willard, Editor of Deafweekly. “Why don’t the captionists look up at the screen and stop captioning when the info is right there on the screen?”
Willard is speaking of a situation where the captions needlessly duplicate what’s on the screen – and sometimes introduce errors in doing so. Back in the old days, a captioner could simply stop writing when the Top 10 List appeared. Today, the caption text is often aggregated to produce searchable video. This means captioners can’t simply stop writing.
“Data mining is just a byproduct, I would think, but the reason there are captions is guys like me,” said Bill Graham, founder of the Association of Late-Deafened Adults (ALDA). As much as the deaf community would like to believe that, broadcasters see it differently, and if the text you attach to the video is a byproduct, it’s a very important one.
There is another placement issue as well, where the captions are covering unrelated, yet still important, information. Television producers do not make this situation easy for captioners. Turn on an NFL broadcast, and you’ll see text and graphics covering nearly a third of the screen. What do you cover with the captions? The score? The other graphics? Or the game itself?
Even when the on-screen graphics consist of a single line of Chyron text, the captions often cover that text instead of bumping up a line or moving to the top of the screen. That text may contain the name and title of a person being interviewed, which isn’t mentioned in the captions. I sometimes find myself pausing the video, backing up, turning off captions, replaying a segment, and then turning captions back on, just so I can see names and titles that the captions were covering.
What can a captioner do about it? Placement is often mandated by the broadcaster, and your only option is to make sure they’re aware of the problem when they don’t leave you a place to put the captions. Most broadcasters have a television monitor somewhere in the studio showing the captions, but that doesn’t mean someone’s watching it.
“I’d guess at most of the stations who have engineers watching captions, they don’t pay too much attention until they have to,” Bill Graham noted.
Speaker Identification
Hearing people can usually tell who is speaking even when we can’t understand what they’re saying. Deaf viewers, however, rely on lip reading and other cues to identify speakers. If the speaker is off-screen or not facing the camera, they rely on the captions for speaker identification.
“I personally am hard of hearing, so I’m able to catch most of the emotional nuances when I’m listening to the TV”, said Mulvany. “I also can catch the facial expressions if I’m not listening to the sound and if the captions are synchronized.” Extreme delays definitely exacerbate the problem. It’s hard to remember whose lips were moving eight seconds ago in a fast-moving show.
There are a lot of reasons not to provide speaker identification when realtiming. It slows you down; sometimes you don’t know who’s speaking; you may not get the names in advance.
All understandable, but there is a middle ground. On a talk show, for example, having speaker IDs for the host and sidekick or bandleader might be enough if you add “Guest” and “Audience Member.” Even following the news convention of starting a line with >> when there is a new speaker would be a big help on many shows.
Mulvany went on to add, “Europeans use color to indicate who is speaking, so if that has been proven to work there, it would seem very useful here, too.” I’ve raised this question with captioners in the past, and met with a great deal of resistance, but I’m not entirely sure why.
Quite some time ago, I was doing some work with the BBC. They assigned colors to each of the anchors on the show, and used white text for everyone else. Once the speaker IDs were properly defined in the captioning software, the entire process was automatic. We’ve had that capability in U.S. captioning software for over 20 years, yet I know of nobody that uses it.
Non-verbal Cues
In the 1970s and 80s, when someone asked me the difference between closed captioning and subtitling, I had two easy differences to point out. The first was that captions could be turned on and off and subtitles couldn’t. The second was that captions included non-verbal cues for deaf/HoH people (e.g., “gunshot” or “footsteps approaching” or “Beethoven’s Fifth Symphony playing softly”).
This seems to have tapered off in recent years, and consumers who don’t understand it may actually complain about it, as we saw in January 2011. President Obama was speaking in Tucson at a memorial service, and someone happened to photograph the captioning on the Jumbotron just when the line [APPLAUSE] appeared. A blogger named Jim Hoft manufactured quite a bit of outrage by claiming that the captioner was asking audience members to applaud rather than indicating that they already were. He was shouted down rather swiftly, but the lesson remains: there are people who don’t understand why non-verbal cues are included in the captions.
Some broadcasters or captioners may be omitting non-verbal cues on purpose, but that’s not always how the deaf viewers see it.
“There just seem to be variations based on how diligent people are about doing their jobs,” said Willard. “I do see shows that give a lot of clues about background noise and others that don’t. Seems to come down to how much they care.”
Sometimes the deaf and HoH audiences ask for things that may not be practical to provide. “I think it’s probably not possible for realtime captioners to provide all the non-verbal information that’s desirable,” Mulvaney said, “but I do think it’s very important to indicate when the tone of voice is sarcastic or ironic.”
Is There an Answer?
The shift in captioning focus isn’t all bad. Bravin noted that, “Captioning has become more or less mainstream, so the deaf and HoH focus is pretty much gone, but it helps force the captioning issue because there s a legal requirement.”
Currently, television stations in the nation’s top 25 markets are required to provide realtime captioning for newscasts, but all other stations can use TelePrompTer-based captioning. Everyone I spoke to in the deaf/HoH communities agreed that upgrading the rest of the nation to realtime would be a great start.
“It’s been decades and I’m used to it, but the captioning of local news is a pain in the neck if you’re not in one of the big markets that requires real-time captioning,” said Tom Willard.
Training more new captioners is another issue. Obviously, the law of supply and demand would indicate that having too many captioners would drive down pay in a market that’s already seen dramatic declines in hourly rates in the last two decades. But consumers are concerned.
“The quality of the captioning is likely to get worse as the demand for captioning grows simply because there are not enough high-quality captioners out there,” Bill Graham commented. Graham isn’t just looking at television, though.
“All these webinars that are proliferating for example: few are captioned,” he continued. “If there is a webinar to help people get ahead in their jobs, what happens is that deaf people get farther behind. This is going to be a BIG problem in the future: news vs. livelihood; entertainment vs. education and jobs.”
And, finally, Willard echoed a common theme when he was speaking of disappearing (prescripted) captions and said, “I really resent that it is my job to be a compliance officer, that it is up to me to have to complain about it to my cable company.”
Bravin agreed: “It’s too much of an hassle to file a complaint, and then with no complaints it’s harder for the FCC to enforce quality.”
Should the FCC be legislating caption quality? Should broadcasters be working with deaf/HoH consumers to improve captioning? Questions like this can’t be resolved by captioners or captioning companies, but being aware of the issues that affect the lives of deaf and hard-of-hearing people can help keep you focused on the people who need you most.
Tags: ALDA, Bill Graham, captioning, captions, CBC, closed captioning, CRR, Dana Mulvany, David Letterman, Deafweekly, Differing Abilities, FCC, Gallaudet University, HoH, latency, NCRA, Philip Bravin, quality, speaker IDs, Television Decoder Circuitry Act, Tom Willard
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California. Metropolitan Transportation Commission6
U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, Geography Division[remove]6
Census4
Demography3
Population3
Planning and Cadastral1
Traffic estimation1
Alameda County (Calif.)6
Contra Costa County (Calif.)[remove]6
Napa County (Calif.)6
San Francisco (Calif.)6
San Francisco Bay Area (Calif.)6
Solano County (Calif.)6
You searched for: Author U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, Geography Division Remove constraint Author: U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, Geography Division Subject Boundaries Remove constraint Subject: Boundaries Place Contra Costa County (Calif.) Remove constraint Place: Contra Costa County (Calif.) Year 2000 Remove constraint Year: 2000
1. 2000 Census Traffic Analysis Zones - San Francisco Bay Area, California
2000. California. Metropolitan Transportation Commission and U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, Geography Division. This polygon shapefile contains the traffic analysis zones (TAZs) for the San Francisco Bay Area in California. These data have been clipped to the... California. Metropolitan Transportation Commission.
2. Census Block Groups, 2000 - San Francisco Bay Area, California
2000. California. Metropolitan Transportation Commission and U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, Geography Division. This polygon shapefile displays U.S. Census Block Groups for the San Francisco Bay Area in California as of January 1, 2000. Block Groups (BGs) are... California. Metropolitan Transportation Commission.
3. Census Blocks, 2000 - San Francisco Bay Area, California
2000. California. Metropolitan Transportation Commission and U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, Geography Division. This polygon shapefile represents U.S. Census Blocks for the San Francisco Bay Area of California as of the year 2000. Census blocks are statistica... California. Metropolitan Transportation Commission.
2000. California. Metropolitan Transportation Commission and U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, Geography Division. The polygons in this data layer represent U.S. Census Blocks for the San Francisco Bay Area in California. These data have been clipped to the shor... California. Metropolitan Transportation Commission.
5. Census Counties, 2000 - San Francisco Bay Area, California
2000. California. Metropolitan Transportation Commission and U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, Geography Division. This polygon shapefile displays the 9 counties for the San Francisco Bay Area of California, as of January 1, 2000. The primary legal divisions of ... California. Metropolitan Transportation Commission.
6. Census Counties, 2000 - San Francisco Bay Area, California (Clipped)
2000. California. Metropolitan Transportation Commission and U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, Geography Division. This polygon shapefile displays the boundaries for the 9 counties of the San Francisco Bay Area in California as of January 1, 2000. These data hav... California. Metropolitan Transportation Commission.
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Charlotte Sølling of MP Pension wins the title of this year’s Danish SDG Pioneer
Five nominees were shortlisted for the title of this year’s SDG Pioneer in Denmark. An external committee has individually assessed each candidate and the winner has been found: Charlotte Sølling, ESG Manger at Danish pension fund MP Pension.
Global Compact Network Denmark’s Executive Director Sara Krüger Falk surprised Charlotte Sølling in the canteen at MP Pension to hand over the winner diploma and a Global Goals football.
As an ESG Manager at MP Pension’s team for Responsible Investments, Charlotte is responsible for managing the fund’s global screening of companies in its portfolio to make sure that the investments are not breaching the ten principles of the Global Compact or obstructing sustainable business conduct. Judging from CEO Jens Munch Holst’s remarks Charlotte is very well-liked and respected at MP Pension:
“Those of us who know Charlotte understand that she contributes enormously to accelerate the sustainable transition and responsibility among those companies that MP Pension invests in. Therefore, I’m incredibly happy that she has been awarded the title of this year’s Danish SDG Pioneer today from a shortlist of five passionate young professionals.”
Charlotte has been one of five nominees for the title which have included young employees from a variety of different sectors including the food and building industries. The race was close between the five nominees, as all of them have made and are making extraordinary contributions to address some of the global problems put forth by the Sustainable Development Goals. However, based on the assessment of the external committee, which counts six of the most prominent voices within sustainability in Denmark, the title was granted to Charlotte Sølling.
This year’s SDG Pioneer will get the chance to deliver the closing remarks at the annual SDG Conference in the Confederation of Danish Industry on May 15, and more importantly she will enter the global SDG Pioneers campaign for the chance to become among 10 global SDG Pioneers who will be recognized during the UN General Assembly in September 2019.
Furthermore, Global Compact Network Denmark will invite Charlotte to a selection of events and activities throughout the rest of 2019 and the beginning of 2020.
The title of this year’s SDG Pioneer is awarded to a young professional from a Global Compact member company (aged 35 or under) committed to advancing the UN Sustainable Development Goals.
The Danish campaign is part of the UN Global Compact’s annual SDG Pioneers initiative which recognizes 10 SDG Pioneers from around the world. 17 local networks, including the Dutch and Egyptian, have participated in the campaign, and member companies have had the chance to nominate candidates until April 15, 2019.
This year’s campaign is part of the UN Global Compact and the Tuborg Foundation’s efforts to strengthen the engagement of young professionals from the business community in innovating and aligning business to the Global Goals. This is done in recognition of the need for new solutions and other ways of thinking – and for the young generation to be more involved in accelerating innovation to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals in 2030.
Madspild og Monopolet – restaurationsbranchen søger løsninger
Idékatalog: Sådan kan virksomheder bruge bæredygtighed til at tiltrække unge talenter
Nyheder & aktiviteter
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Edward Miller Gard Eddy
Edward Miller Gard Eddy (1851-1897) - Railway Man.
1888 Chief Commissioner for New South Wales Railways.
1897 Died after a month of illness. His body was interred to Waverley cemetery, Sydney.
1897 Obituary [1]
EDWARD MILLER GARD EDDY, who died at Brisbane on the 21st June, 1897, was the Chief Commissioner of Railways for New South Wales and one of the most distinguished Colonial railway officials.
Born on the 24th July, 1851, he entered the service of the London and North Western Railway Company in May, 1865, at fourteen years of age. After eight months as a junior in the Audit Department at Euston Station he was removed as a clerk to the office of Mr. G. P. Neele, the Superintendent of the line, under whom he acquired the groundwork of his railway knowledge, both in the indoor and outdoor departments.
Always anxious to advance, he exhibited an energy and smartness which soon caused him to be selected as one of the corps of cadets whom the late Chairman of the line (Sir Richard Moon) desired constantly to recruit as the school for rising railway men, ready to act as assistants to the older officers and capable of occupying their positions in case of death or removal. Attached in this way to Mr. Neele’s office, he obtained a thorough insight into the intricate working of the various divisions of the North Western line, and his suggestions were often found of the greatest value.
In April, 1875, Mr. Eddy was removed from London to Chester, and became assistant to Mr. Binger, Superintendent of the Chester and Holyhead division. For three years he occupied that position, when, a vacancy having arisen in the southern division of the line, he was appointed to the responsible post of District Superintendent at Euston, having control of the line between Stafford via the Trent Valley and Rugby, including Leicester, Northampton, Oxford, Cambridge, Bedford, Aylesbury and the whole of the suburban lines of the company in the Metropolis. His capability for work and organization became increasingly apparent during the eight years he filled this position, and the efficiency of the train service and discipline in the district were highly appreciated alike by the public and the Directors.
In April, 1885, Mr. Eddy was advanced to the position of Assistant Superintendent of the line, thus again entering the office of his old friend and chief, Mr. Neele. He now had the opportunity to put all his vigour into the train working of the entire London and North Western system, and both the goods train and the passenger-express services were the subject of his constant watchfulness and beneficial remodelling.
The energy displayed in connection with the through trains between England and Scotland brought him under the notice of the Caledonian Railway officials, and when, through the illness of the General Manager of that Company, it became necessary to have an Assistant Manager, Mr. Eddy was selected to fill the post, and he accordingly, in April, 1887, left the London and North Western and joined the Caledonian Company. His grasp of railway working and vigour in administration soon found full scope for activity in Scotland, and without loss of time he commenced to put in force north of Carlisle the economies and changes he had seen in beneficial operation south of the border.
Mr. Eddy’s service with the Caledonian Company was not of long duration. In July, 1888, the Government of New South Wales applied to Sir George Findlay, then the General Manager of the London and North Western Railway, to aid in the selection of an officer suitable for the position of Chief Commissioner of Railways at Sydney. Sir George had no hesitation as to his recommendation, and in August, 1888, Mr. Eddy left England to occupy the distinguished post of Chief Commissioner of Railways for New South Wales. Before leaving he had fully posted himself in the history of railways in Australia, the abuses which had existed in Sydney, and the political discussions which had led to the determination to keep the railway administration free from political bias; and he wisely resolved to keep himself clear from the slightest suspicion of partizanship, and to make his sole aim the efficient carrying out of the duties of the Railway Commission for the benefit of the traders and community of the colony.
After explanatory conferences with the authorities he obtained permission to enlist the services of some trustworthy officials from England to take charge of some of the most important departments, and he then set to work to combat the difficulties surrounding him. He found all the departments in a grave state of disorganization. Mr. Eddy, however, was not the man to be daunted by the prospect. He found among the Commissioners comrades who thoroughly supported him when they saw his masterful capabilities. Having ascertained the necessity for obtaining new rolling stock on an extensive scale, he made numerous experiments to decide upon the most suitable class of locomotives for the nature of the traffic and the gradients of the lines. He weeded out inefficient men, rearranged the hours of working, raised the pay of the deserving, and rapidly applied to all lines the most approved methods of signalling.
Such changes could not be carried out without giving rise to much opposition. Charges of nepotism, favoritism, personal interest in contracts, were freely made. They were soon found to be false, however one apology after another had to be made, and at length Mr. Eddy silenced all opponents.
The reports submitted annually to the Parliament of New South Wales by the Railway Commission showed a constantly increasing receipt per mile for the train earning, and a constantly decreasing cost of working; as well as recording instances of the careful adjustment of rates for the benefit of traders-results in all departments were shown by means of tabulated coloured diagrams in addition to the columns of figures, and these pages gave an increased interest to the Commissioners’ Annual Reports. Improved train services, improved rolling stock, the introduction of sleeping saloons on the night trains, and a general smartening of the service gave evidence of Mr. Eddy’s energy, and the business men of Sydney and the colony felt that in him they had a reliable and valuable officer, who not only understood the requirements of the public but was able to give effect to them in the working of both the tramways and the railways.
In 1895 Mr. Eddy was granted leave of absence for twelve months, in order that he might attend the International Railway Congress, which was held in London in July of that year. In the previous year, probably annoyed by the unceasing attacks of the labour party, he had listened to the requests of some English friends to allow himself to be put forward for the office of Chairman of the South Eastern Railway. The proposal, however, proved abortive, and, while staying in England for the Congress, he arranged with the authorities in Sydney for a renewal of his term of office as Chief Commissioner of Railways.
His return to Sydney was warmly welcomed by the whole of the commercial interests of the colony, and the energy of his active supervision was again evidenced by the continued success of the Railway Department, now becoming a valuable contributing element to the Colonial Treasury. The question of adopting a uniform gauge throughout the whole of Australia, or at least as between New South Wales with Queensland on the north and Victoria in the south, was a subject on which he had bestowed much thought; and, had he lived, in all probability some mode of meeting the difficulty for main-line through traffic, as a commencement, would have been achieved.
In the last year or two improvements in the lines by adopting deviations to reduce gradients, and by flattening many severe curves, occupied much of his attention, the record of each year’s work being very clearly shown in plans attached to the reports.
Mr. Eddy’s residence was at Colebrook, Double Bay, in the immediate neighbourhood of Sydney. He was a man of powerful frame, and upwards of 6 feet 2 inches in height, his robust presence and large flowing black beard forming a striking figure at railway gatherings.
The public funeral of Mr. Eddy at Sydney is reported to have furnished the largest demonstration of a similar character ever seen in that city, and the presence of three thousand railway men following the procession to the cemetery formed a well-deserved tribute to his memory.
Mr. Eddy was elected an Associate on the 4th December, 1888.
1897 Obituary [3][4]
A BRIEF telegram from Brisbane brings the sad news of the death of Mr. Edward Miller Gard Eddy, the Chief Railway Commissioner for New South Wales, at Brisbane on the 21st inst., in the very prime of manhood. It seems he had gone to Brisbane, suffering from lumbago and gout; that the gout made a sudden attack upon the heart, and a fatal issue resulted. It is only nine years since Mr. Eddy went to New South Wales, and to him they have been years of storm and stress, consequent on the vigorous war he waged against the pernicious political influence exerted by labour and socialist organisations.
The whole story need not be repeated - frequent references have been made to it in ENGINEERING - but it is the part of his life which entitles him to be ranked as one of our leading railway organisers, and must therefore bulk largest in any notice of his life's work. His period of early work first on the London and North-Western, and subsequently as assistant general manager of the Caledonian company-were years, so to speak, of probationary training for the difficult task in the colony. He had, however, shown such tact and administrative skill that when the New South Wales Government awakened to the fact that the tricks of politics must be ended-that the prosperity of the colony made the appointment of a railway commissioner imperative: Major Marindin, of the Board of Trade, to whom the matter had been referred, had no hesitation in nominating Mr. Eddy for the situation. Moreover, although it was only intended originally to give a salary of 2500l. per annum, Mr. Eddy received 3000l. - none too large a sum, for under the Minister of Public Works, who was at the mercy of the man in the street, the railway system had got into a lamentable state of inefficiency. As the chief aim in appointing a commissioner new to the colony was to overcome the almost irresistible pressure of the labour vote as a dominant factor in the running of the railway system, and which was more or less a~en to commercial conditions, Mr. Eddy, as chief of three commissioners succeeded the Minister of Public Works, of necessity had great power given him, and this he utilised most admirably. It was only in the natural order of things that he should meet with opposition, but this only served to establish the rectitude of his administration. We recall the investigation carried out at Mr. Eddy's instigation into charges made by a Mr. Schey, a labour leader, with a vehemence in inverse ratio to their accuracy as to an alleged locomotive ring, and the vindication - resulting in a remarkable expression of public feeling in the form of an address signed by 20,000 inhabitants which was subsequently presented to Mr. Eddy; but some facts as to results tell still more eloquently of success. A permanent gain, estimated at some 100,000/. per annum has been realised by flattening the gradients and increasing the tractive power of the locomotives, whereby the train. mileage has been reduced, some of the locomotives being equal to taking 350 tons up a 1 in 40 gradient and 750 tons up a 1 in 150 gradient.
This move gave an increase in the gross receipts of l s. 4d., from 6s. 6fd. to 7s. 10!d. per train-mile, while the net earnings per mile are l s. more than they used to be. Another reform was the introduction of cars in which the paying load bore a much larger ratio than formerly to the tare. These are only typical of many improvements, while the working men have been more liberally treated, and railway rates reduced. Indeed, there has been a remission of nearly 300,000l. per annum* in rates, even assuming the volume of traffic to continue on the old scale. The rates for grain and flour, for instance, have, since Mr. Eddy's appointment, been reduced from 1.03d. to 0.53d. per ton-mile. But notwithstanding the decreased rates- perhaps it would be more accurate to say rather because of them- a profit of nearly three millions has been earned. In other words, instead of a loss the railways now earn 3 1/2 per cent. on their capital, while at the same time they are worked to give the greatest and cheapest facilities for the transit of all products. The tramways, too, have gained by reform; but it is not necessary to say more. The rehabilitation of the Now South Wales Railway on a sound financial basis was a good life's work.
Mr. Eddy's appointment, made in July, 1888, was for a period of seven years, and at the end of that time he had practically offered to him the general managership of the South-Eastern Railway Company - a lucrative post with the minimum of worry, a position, too, in which he would have done most useful service; but it was felt in the colony that the change would involve a great loss to New South Wales. Consequently they offered their railway commissioner 4000l. per annum to continue. Mr. Eddy reluctantly accepted, and about that time visited Britain, primarily to attend the International Railway Congress, and returned with renewed vigour. It is only the other day that we had his latest quarterly report, which showed that the expenses were only 54.4 7 per cent. of the receipts. When one recalls that they were 67 per cent. before Mr. Eddy's advent at Sydney, without any reference to increased revenue per mile, one realises in part what he has done during his sojourn in the colony, now cut short in such an untimely way."
↑ 1897 Institution of Civil Engineers: Obituaries
↑ The Engineer 1897/08/13
↑ Engineering 1897/06/25
↑ Engineering 1897 Jan-Jun: Index: General Index
Retrieved from "https://gracesguide.co.uk/index.php?title=Edward_Miller_Gard_Eddy&oldid=929682"
Births 1850-1859
Deaths 1890-1899
Institution of Civil Engineers
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Home — Essay Samples — Social Issues — Feminism — Beginning of the Modern Feminist Movement
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Beginning of the Modern Feminist Movement
Category: Social Issues
Subcategory: Feminism
Topic: Women'S Rights
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In 1960, American women lived in almost every respect from family life to the workplace. A woman was expected to follow one path: to marry in her early 20’s, start a family fast, and devote her life to house making. The Feminist movement started when women were expected to raise a family and stay home. Women wanted things to be equal. For example, they wanted equal pay with their male workers. They wanted less discrimination as many business owners did not want to hire women. Women wanted the ability to choose what they did to their bodies. They wanted it to be normal for women to get a higher education. Women also fought against sexual harassment. Women should be able to earn more money. They also wanted the ability to determine their own sexuality, role in relationships, birth control, and abortion, and their clothing and body image.
One reason the feminist movement occurred was because of the “”””Head and Master Laws”””” which stated: Women were legally objected to serving their husbands and were limited to only three jobs. They had no legal right to any of their husband’s earnings or property aside from a limited right to proper support. Husbands, however, would control their wife’s property and earnings. If the marriage was broken, divorce was difficult to obtain, as “”””no-fault”””” divorce was not an option, forcing women to prove wrongdoing on the part of their husbands to get divorced.
During the 1960s and the 70’s feminism was a prominent issue that affected women across the country. In 1966, The National Organization for Women (N.O.W) was formed to attempt to get anti-discriminatory laws passed. It was founded by Betty Friedman, Coretta Scott King, and Pauli Murray. Their goal was to gain support for it to be equal for men and women in the workforce. They worked to change the institutional structures of society so that women could achieve economic, political, and social equality. Critically important changes took place during this period. Before this organization, Congress shot down many anti-discriminatory laws.
Betty Friedman was an American writer, Activist, and Feminist. She wrote the “”””Feminine Mystique”””” in 1963. Betty helped establish the National Women’s Political Caucus and the Women’s Strike for Equality in 1970. Coretta Scott King (Martin Luther Jrs’ wife) was an American author, activist, and civil rights leader. She was an active advocate for African American equality alongside an advocate for the equality of women as well. Pauli Murray was the first African American Women Episcopal Priest, American Civil Rights Activists, Women’s Rights Activist, Lawyer, and Author.
Gloria Steinem was an American Feminist, Journalist, and Social-Political Activist. She was nationally recognized as a leader and spokesman for American Feminist. Gloria was nicknamed “”””The Mother of Feminism””””. She attracted attention towards feminism through their writings and images. These images and writings emphasized women that went against stereotypes. Gloria was the co-founder of the Ms. Magazine, National Women’s Political Caucus, and the Women’s Management Council. Gloria also had sinister links to the FBI and CIA.
In 1963 The Equal Pay Act required that men and women be paid the same amount of money for the same work performed. Civil Rights Act of 1964 brought forth the issue of “”””protected categories,”””” and its Title VII helped to create the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, making it illegal to deny employment on the basis of race, religion, country of origin, color or sex. Title IX of the Higher Education Act provided the impetus and federal funding for women’s sports programs in schools, creating an unprecedented shift in the educational and social experiences of women and girls. In 1965, Griswold v. Connecticut struck down remaining anti-birth control laws, and importantly, established a “”””right to privacy”””” for all U.S. citizens. The 1973 Roe v. Wade Supreme Court case declared a woman’s decision to have an abortion during the first trimester a fundamental right of liberty as defined by the due process clause of the 14th Amendment, thus declaring as unconstitutional all existing federal and state bans on abortion. In August, The Women’s Strike for Equality took place. It was a wave of protests, marches, and sit-ins. However, it soon gave way to a backlash exemplified by the failure of the Equal Rights Amendment (ERA) which was passed by Congress in 1972 but failed to get enough states for ratification. It was defeated in 1982 by a coalition of religious and conservative women’s groups that spearheaded the beginning of another backlash against feminism.
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New Content Is Coming To The Division 2 Very Soon, And It’s Completely Free
Jul 11, 2019 Alan Robinson 0 comments 80
Credit: Ubisoft via YouTube
Ubisoft has finally revealed the details behind it’s first major content addition to The Division 2, and it’s arriving on all platforms very soon.
Titled Episode 1 – D.C. Outskirts: Expeditions, the upcoming expansion will have players exploring a variety of new environments outside of the city, tackling new missions and digging deeper into the game’s story. Included in the expansion are two main missions, both of which take place in environments very different than what we’ve seen before.
The first mission will take players to Camp White Oak in search of President Andrew Ellis. Breaking into the presidential compound, Division Agents will seek to capture Ellis and bring him to justice. The second has agents infiltrating the Manning National Zoo, where the leader of the Outcasts, Emeline Shaw, is currently hiding. Players will fight through the zoo, eliminating Outcasts and trying to put an end to Shaw’s leadership.
One of the most interesting additions is the new experience called Expeditions. The expedition takes players to Kenly College in search of a military convoy that disappeared. The college will be split up into three wings, with each being a unique experience with its own “specific theme and tone.” Each wing of the college will be released on a week-by-week basis. Players who manage to complete all three sections will be treated to a treasure room “full of rewards.”
Along with the new environments and missions, the expansion will feature a host of changes and fixes. These include weapon balancing, bug fixes, and crafting improvements. The new crafting allows players to craft gear up until level 500, and crafted gear can now be recalibrated.
One of the most notable changes, however, is the new Discovery Difficulty setting for the Operation Dark Hours raid. The new difficulty is to allow “more players to experience The Division 2 in its entirety.”
When the game’s first raid was released, it gained a lot of attention for being notoriously difficult on consoles. While PC players managed to beat the raid in a fairly short amount of time, it took console players several days to complete it. Many called for fix to make it easier, but the team at Ubisoft made it very clear that they wouldn’t nerf it. They seem to have changed their mind, but with a major caveat: though the easier Discovery difficulty will have rewards, the raid’s exotic loot is still locked behind the normal mode.
Episode 1 is part of Ubisoft’s plan to provide free content for The Division 2 during its first year. The expansions will release on July 23rd for those who have purchased the Year 1 pass, and on July 30th for everyone else.
THE DIVISION 2THE DIVISION
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The CEO Who Led a Turnaround Wearing a Helmet
Robert I. Sutton
One of the key lessons that Huggy Rao and I learned from studying scaling up excellence is that, to spread new ways of thinking and acting, just talking about the importance of new beliefs and behaviors isn’t enough. You need to live the mindset that you aim to instill in others. This is especially important for senior executives because – since the people they lead watch their every move so closely – if they say they believe in something, but act in ways that clash with such beliefs, people quickly conclude that it is just hot air.
I was reminded of this lesson a couple months back when I heard a story about executive Paul Anderson from one of his former colleagues, Paula Rosput Reynolds (former Chair and CEO of Safeco, now CEO of PreferWest). Paula encouraged me to talk with Paul because he “is the real thing when it comes to global business leadership.” Paul Anderson has a long and impressive resume, which includes serving as CEO of companies including Pan Energy, Duke Energy, and BHP Limited – which became BHP Billiton under his leadership (now the largest company in Australia, among the world’s largest mining companies, and also a major oil and gas producer). I spoke with Paul a couple months back about his successful turnaround effort at BHP Limited. Paul was funny, wickedly smart, and consistently modest as he described the mess that BHP was in when he took charge in 1998. The company had been without a CEO for nine months, the earnings and stock price were in the tank, good people were running for the exits, and multiple projects in recent years had failed.
Paul’s new senior colleagues were skeptical about him, in large part, because they were nearly all Australians and “they did not want an American.” Paul started the process of both winning their trust and trying to figure out what to do with the company by having each of the top 80 people in the company write a two-page document that answered, first: Who are you? What are your responsible for? And then: What issues do you believe are most pressing? What would you do if you were me? He met with each of these executives for at least an hour to discuss the memos they had written.
To make a long story short, rather than acting rashly, Paul listened to the collective wisdom of his top people, and implemented a turnaround strategy that he believed would enable the company to survive and thrive. The centerpiece was a “charter” he wrote that made clear BHP was a resources company (and would not migrate to becoming a services company as some executives proposed) and that spelled out the company’s values, goals, and paths to success. Paul also made some tough and controversial decisions, such as closing a titanium plant that was losing 10 million dollars a month, and exiting peripheral IT and engineering businesses. It took time to turn around this big and broken company. BHP lost over $2 billion in the 1999 fiscal year (which ended on June 30th). But in 2000, just 18 months after Paul took charge, there were multiple signs that the turnaround was on track. In fact, BHP posted a $1.6 billion profit – the largest in company history. And in 2001, profits jumped to $2.2 billion. (See here for more about the turnaround and Paul’s leadership style and philosophy.)
The part of the story I want to focus on, however, was one thing that still wasn’t going well in 2000. Although most other performance metrics were heading north, Paul was concerned because there was little evidence that safety was improving throughout the company. Progress was stalled even though safety was emphasized in the charter and it was something he asked every senior manager about. In fact, the company-wide injury rate increased slightly between 1999 and 2000.
Keeping people safe was essential to company’s international reputation and its ability to attract skilled employees – and, as Paul insisted, was simply the right thing to do. So he called in his head of safety and started pressuring him to explain why these numbers weren’t on the upswing – why the number of lost days due to accidents and injuries weren’t improving, for example. “He hemmed and hawed,” Paul told me, “but he finally blurted it out: ‘it is your fault.'” Then the head of safety explained how Paul’s personal actions were speaking louder than his words:
Everyone knows that you prefer to ride your Harley-Davidson motorcycle without a helmet.
The speed limit is 5 miles per hour in the garage. Everyone knows your car, and that you drive far faster.
When you visit plants, you don’t follow safety rules such as holding on to the handrail or wearing safety glasses at the right times.
When you visit a plant, safety is never first thing you ask executives about – you ask them about cost, reliability, and quality of output. Then you get around to safety.
Paul got the message. He stopped complaining about the laws in Australia that required him to wear a helmet. He drove slower in the parking lot. He started following the safety rules during plant visits. He talked about safety early in his conversations with company leaders, talked about it more often, and did so with more feeling. And more systematic efforts were made to instill a safety culture throughout the organization, most notably a new workshop that started with Paul’s senior team and that was cascaded down and around BHP. As Paul explained:
We brought in a consultant from DuPont who spent a full day with myself and my direct reports. We set a 20% year over year improvement target for Lost Time Injury Frequency Rate (LTIFR) and examined what could be done to achieve it. In the days that followed, each of my direct reports met individually with each of their direct reports to discuss their personal commitment to the safety of everyone under them. That next level then met individually with their direct reports, and so on. The whole process was very personal.
People at BHP got the message. They noticed the changes in Paul, and came to believe that the emphasis on safety wasn’t just hollow talk. And the workshops taught employees new ways to reduce accidents and injuries. Within a year, BHP Limited’s Lost Time Injury Frequency Rate had fallen nearly thirty percent (28.5% to be precise). The company’s safety statistics had improved so much that they were among the very best in the industry.
Our research on scaling suggests that spreading a new mindset doesn’t always happen so quickly. The fact that Paul had a lot of credibility – because the company had improved so dramatically in other ways in the prior 18 months – probably helped speed things along. But his story suggests a few broader lessons that can help any leader at any level who is trying to spread excellence:
The people you lead often know more about your behavior than you do. And they certainly know more about how it affects them. They are watching you more closely than you are watching them. The best leaders – like Paul – find ways to get in tune with what it feels like to work for them.
If your tendency is to shoot the messenger, give up now. When one of your folks has the courage to speak out, to give you bad news and point to your mistakes, how you respond has ripple effects that extend far beyond that conversation. Even if you are usually the most reasonable and understanding leader on the planet, the news of any intemperate reaction will spread and it will color future interactions. And if you are a very senior executive like Paul, your reaction to feedback such as “it is your fault” also sets the tone for how other leaders throughout the company will react when people bring them bad news.
You need to be dogged, consistent, and even downright boring about sending and reinforcing the message. This was a point Paul emphasized several times as the key to changing an organization’s mindset. It is especially true for large companies, but applies to every leader. It might be old news to you, but remember that some people you encounter are hearing your message for the first time – and many are watching to see whether you really meant it. People who hear you say something just once or twice, or act in ways to support it just a few times, tend to conclude that “this too shall pass.” Indeed, one of the main lessons that runs through our work on spreading and sustaining excellence is that leaders and teams that do it well often sound like a broken record. Playing the same phrase over and over signals that “the boss really means it” and helps fill organizations with people who also believe.
Fast scaling starts with slow thinking. Paul’s actions demonstrate that, to scale faster, it helps to take the time at the outset to really think through what you are doing and what you ought to do. Those 80 two-page memos and subsequent conversations at BHP were essential for helping Paul decide the right thing to do, rather than to act rashly and unwisely. In fact, this is one of the main lessons Paul has articulated from the turnaround effort at BHP (and also from his later experience at Duke Energy). When you first take charge of a troubled company, he says, “You have to assess the situation rather than act quickly. Everyone wants you to do something, so the first thing you say, very calmly, is, ‘We’re not going to do anything today.'” Paul’s advice echoes Nobel Prize Winner Daniel Kahneman’s findings about the virtues of “thinking slow” – switching gears from a fast, automatic and mindless mode to a laborious, reasoned, deliberative, and conscious mode of thinking. It’s the best way to advance when “you are in a cognitive minefield”—when you don’t know enough, risks are high, or you are stuck.
Finally, I asked Paul if he had any additional advice for executives who find pockets of excellence in their organizations and want to scale them up. It might sound silly because it is so obvious, he noted, but his advice was to remember to thank people when you find that they are doing the right things. They will remember. And if you never thank them, they will notice that, too, and it will undermine your message. Paul isn’t the first senior executive who has given such advice. The late Robert Townsend, CEO of Avis and author of the classic Up the Organization, described the phrase “thank you” as a “really neglected form of compensation.” And two of our favorite researchers, Wharton’s Adam Grant and Harvard’s Francesca Gino, did a series of studies that confirm the motivational magic of remembering to thank the people that you lead.
Robert Sutton is Professor of Management Science and Engineering in the Stanford Engineering School, where he is co-director of the Center for Work, Technology, and Organization, cofounder of the Stanford Technology Ventures Program, and a cofounder and active member of the new “d.school.” His new book, with Huggy Rao, is Scaling Up Excellence: Getting To More Without Settling For Less.
This article is about CHANGE MANAGEMENT
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HBR STORE > Magazine Issues > Leadership & Managing People
Harvard Business Review, January/February 2013
Publication Date: January 01, 2013
Harvard Business Review publishes new and authoritative ideas for improving the practice of management. Written by leading business thinkers and executives, HBR gives readers a first look at cutting-edge ideas and their real-world applications in areas like strategy, leadership, marketing, team management, and professional development. Each monthly issue presents groundbreaking research, analysis of the forces shaping the business agenda, and proven best practices designed to help individuals and organizations lead, manage, and compete more effectively and with greater purpose. The January/February 2013 issue contains a Spotlight section entitled "The Future of Knowledge Work." This issue features the following articles: "Burberry's CEO on Turning an Aging British Icon into a Global Luxury Brand," "Smarter Information, Smarter Consumers," "The Best-Performing CEOs in the World," "Negotiating with Emotion," "Why IT Fumbles Analytics," "The Price of Incivility," "When the Crowd Fights Corruption," "Strategic Leadership: The Esssential Skills," "HBR Case Study: Will Our Partner Steal Our IP?" and "Life's Work: David McCullough."
Product #: BR1301-MAG-ENG
Leading teams
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Heterodox Academy and the Community College System
Jimmy Urbanovich
I am a community college Professor of Communication Studies at Crafton Hills College in Yucaipa, CA. I am currently in my thirteenth year as a tenured professor, though had decades of experience as an adjunct professor in various public and private colleges as well as universities in the Southern California area.
Having no one in my blue-collar family of origin attend college, nor even believe in the value of higher education, you can only imagine how deeply grateful and indebted I feel toward the California Community College system. It was within this system, Los Angeles Valley College specifically, that I found my voice as a student, was taught to critically think, while being offered both wonderful academic and life guidance from very caring faculty members. My experience in this regard is not unique.
It is not at all uncommon for a student who transferred to a prestigious university to return only to observe the excellence of their classroom instruction at Crafton Hills. Of course this is a very generalized observation usually driven by one of several possible university experiences: classes with lecture halls of hundreds of students that lack personal attention from the professor; classes taught by a professor who may only teach to justify her first love of research; and/or classes taught by inexperienced graduate assistants or insufficiently-trained instructors.
One of the primary reasons I thoroughly enjoy the challenges of the community college education, is the opportunity to focus primarily on the classroom and student interaction versus the mandate of research and publications. Though we certainly have our fair share of out of the classroom duties to which we must attend, such as committee work and shared governance, our primary focus is the students and the students alone.
The California Community College system is the largest in the country and routinely accounts for nearly fifty percent of all college students in the state. According to the Public Policy Institute of California, “Compared to other states, California relies more heavily on community colleges and less on four-year institutions—the state ranks fifth nationwide in the share of recent high school graduates who enroll in community colleges and 47th in the share who start at four-year schools.”
As of 2018, there were 980 public community colleges in the United States. Nearly half of all students in the U.S. attend a community college. Hence, we would be remiss to overlook our country’s community college system in the quest to promote open inquiry, viewpoint diversity and constructive disagreement in our institutions of higher learning.
Primacy Effect
Psychology, and now neuroscience, informs us that early initial encounters with others lead us to form an initial expectancy about the people we meet. Once that expectancy is formed, we tend to process information in ways that keep that expectancy intact. For better or worse, once we have developed a schema, it becomes very difficult to change it.
To analogize, the community college has the advantage of the educational primacy effect in many college students’ lives. For most students, it is the beginning phase of learning how to think critically. Each year the state of California transfers over one hundred thousand students to four-year colleges and universities throughout the country. These students have already formed their collegial identity; they have cut their teeth on issues related to freedom of expression and open inquiry, and have been exposed to both destructive (unfortunately) and constructive disagreement. This initial exposure to higher education has a tremendous impact on students and the future trajectory of their education and career choices.
At Crafton Hills, many of the students in our communication studies program have been trained to publicly advocate for various issues, engage in academic debate, and have learned the value of civil discourse. These students are going to have a large voice in their future respective universities and will have great influence in achieving HxA objectives (see, for instance, the Linn Benton Community College Civil Discourse Club, which won Heterodox Academy’s 2019 ‘Outstanding Student Group’ award). I am routinely impressed by observing the amount of growth, maturity and academic prowess many students achieve in their short time within our system. Students who are now fundamentally ready to make a difference, not only in four-year colleges and university systems, but also through their overall duty as citizens.
As for those students who may never transfer for any variety of reasons, many of these students would have never been exposed to critical thought and analysis in any type of formal sense were it not for this system.
Diverse Student Populations
Community colleges are home to extremely diverse student populations, including those from such as the historically disenfranchised or marginalized groups, those from lower socioeconomic backgrounds or underserved geographical regions, and military veterans – who bring with them unique insights, experiences, ways of looking at the world and being in the world which are largely absent from other institutions of higher learning.
Anthony Jack, assistant professor at Harvard Graduate School of Education and author of the book, The Privileged Poor: How Elite Colleges Are Failing The Disadvantaged Students, suggests elite schools “have been teaching students from more privileged backgrounds for so long, that we take a lot for granted on a college campus. Mental health offices, career service offices, they are so used to students being more proactive and entering their doors because they’ve been taught that if you want something, you go out and get it. The fact that you have to go seek things out, that’s an unspoken rule on a college campus that disproportionately hurts low-income students from disadvantaged high schools. There is a bias towards privilege on a college campus that permeates so many things that we do.”
As recently reported in the New York Times, Harvard economist Raj Chetty found that students coming from families in the top 1 percent (with income of $630k per year or higher) are 77 times more likely to be admitted to and attend an Ivy League school than students coming from families who make less than $30k per year. In fact, 38 elite colleges have more students who come from families in the top 1% than students who come from the bottom 60% (i.e. families who bring in less than $65k per year).
It is these well-off children — who have been overmanaged, overprotected and otherwise ‘coddled’ — who overreact so wildly when confronted by people, ideas or situations they find undesirable. Most of the major campus blowups have happened at highly-selective schools which disproportionately serve these children. While these privileged students are reaching for social status and self-actualization, our students are figuring out how to meet their lower level needs and surmise where they are going to fit within the larger social structure.
At our campus, we have a program for our homeless student population—probably not a group largely represented at the elite academies. The majority of students who go off to elite schools, or even four-year colleges, typically have a built-in support network on which to rely. At Crafton Hills, many of our students will not eat if they do not work — which is why we have a food bank on campus for our hungry students. That is, our version of a “safe space” is for those who struggle with food insecurities rather than microaggressions.
A significant portion of our student population is academically prepared and qualified for the university, yet has either not qualified for financial aid or has lacked the necessary guidance to lead one through the bureaucratic maze of administrative paperwork to do so. For each class I teach, I typically have students who have been accepted into the UC or other four-year systems but could not manage to secure enough funding to attend. In addition, though administrative policy does not allow us to know this number specifically, with our campus slightly over fifty percent Latino in Southern California, we surmise a significant undocumented student population as well.
On the flip side, we also have a student population with some affluence. Many of these students, who elect to stay in the area, attend the University of Redlands with dual enrollment at Crafton Hills. Insofar as age, our primary student population is between the ages of eighteen and twenty four, yet it is not at all unusual for classes to have students of all ages with many different generations, political orientations and life experiences all represented. With this amount of campus diversity, it is not at all difficult to encounter contrarian points of view on any number of issues.
Classroom Focus and Reaching the Traditionally Non-Academic
Let me be clear, we are all hugely indebted to the wonderful and insightful research and subsequent publications generated by our elite universities. Simply, I could not do my job without the contributions of elite scholarship. I would consider most of my courses rife with “elite” curriculum; that is consisting of research produced by elite academies. In my area of communication studies, in particular critical thinking, Harvard’s Steven Pinker as well as Duke’s Dan Ariely have profoundly shaped my curriculum. Elite universities benefit the entire higher educational system.
Yet they also include an extremely narrow slice of the U.S. population – and value a narrow range of credentials and capabilities. For instance, someone with a high degree of kinesthetic or interpersonal intelligence would likely not be highly desired at elite schools absent high standardized test scores in qualitative or quantitative reasoning as well – or else generous donations from their family to the university.
There are those who go as far as to address the disadvantages of an “elite” education. The American Scholar recently republished an article from Alumnus of Yale and Columbia, William Deresiewicz, in which he observed of elite students, “Long before they got to college, they turned themselves into world-class hoop-jumpers and teacher-pleasers, getting A’s in every class no matter how boring they found the teacher or how pointless the subject, racking up eight or 10 extracurricular activities no matter what else they wanted to do with their time.”
As for those who may end up at an institution like a community college? Deresiewicz continues:
“They didn’t get straight A’s because they couldn’t be bothered to give everything in every class. They concentrated on the ones that meant the most to them or on a single strong extracurricular passion or on projects that had nothing to do with school or even with looking good on a college application. Maybe they just sat in their room, reading a lot and writing in their journal. These are the kinds of kids who are likely, once they get to college, to be more interested in the human spirit than in school spirit, and to think about leaving college bearing questions, not resumés.”
Perhaps unlike Deresiewicz, I believe we need “world-class hoop jumpers” within the diverse mosaic of higher education. As well, we need the voices of the historically oppressed and disadvantaged. Community colleges provide pathways that can help bridge America’s political, socioeconomic and cultural divides. Hence, they should be a major focus for anyone hoping to promote viewpoint diversity, open inquiry and constructive disagreement in higher ed.
Jimmy Urbanovich is a member of Heterodox Academy, author, and Associate Professor of Communication Studies at Crafton Hills College in Yucaipa, California.
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The Supreme Court of Canada Limits the Scope of Judicial Review
June 6, 2018 By: Frank Cesario, Will McLennan
The Supreme Court of Canada has rendered a significant decision that clarifies whether a court should exercise its judicial review jurisdiction where decisions for which review is sought are private, not public, in character.
In Highwood Congregation of Jehovah’s Witnesses (Judicial Committee) v. Wall, the Supreme Court unanimously held that courts do not have jurisdiction to judicially review the decisions of private volunteer organizations—in this case, religious groups. This decision is important because it differs from a number of decisions, especially in Ontario, in which the courts followed a different approach and took judicial review jurisdiction over a wide range of arguably private disputes.
Randy Wall was a member of the Highwood Congregation of Jehovah’s Witnesses. Mr. Wall appeared before the Congregation’s judicial committee of elders to address allegations that he failed to meet accepted “standards of conduct and morality.” Despite admitting his “sinful behaviour”, he was insufficiently repentant and “disfellowshipped.” He could attend meetings, but he could only speak to his immediate family and, even then, only about non-spiritual matters. Mr. Wall unsuccessfully appealed the committee’s decision through the Congregation’s internal review procedures. The matter proceeded before the courts, which found for Mr. Wall and held that they had jurisdiction to judicially review those decisions.
The Supreme Court of Canada allowed the Congregation’s appeal, emphasising throughout its reasons that the essential purpose of judicial review is to determine the legality of state decision making. The Court elaborated on that function by discussing three conditions that must be present for a court to claim the jurisdiction to judicially review an administrative decision, none of which were present in the case before it:
there must be an exercise of state authority which is of a sufficiently public character and the decision maker must be a public actor;
there must be an underlying legal right to review a public decision for a denial of procedural fairness (it is not freestanding);
regardless, only matters that are justiciable can fall within the court’s jurisdiction.
The Scope of “Public Law”
Judicial review is a public law concept meant to ensure the legality of state decision making. As a result, “not all decisions are amenable to judicial review under a superior court’s supervisory jurisdiction.”
The Supreme Court found that lower courts (including in Ontario) have overreached their judicial review jurisdiction by misconstruing the above purpose. The Supreme Court noted that those lower court decisions relied on two mistaken principles.
First, the Supreme Court corrected the “misconception” that “incorporation by a private Act operates as a statutory grant of authority to churches so constituted.” Rather, private Acts merely confer powers or benefits upon one or more bodies or persons, or exclude them from the “general application of the law.”
Second, the Court took issue with the concept that courts can take judicial review jurisdiction broadly “where a decision has a broad public impact” and is therefore “of a sufficient public character.” More recently, this argument has been relied upon by Ontario’s lower courts to take jurisdiction to judicially review the decisions of private bodies (including soccer associations). The Supreme Court addressed those cases:
[20] […] These cases fail to distinguish between “public” in a generic sense and “public” in a public law sense. In my view, a decision will be considered to be public where it involves questions about the rule of law and the limits of an administrative decision maker’s exercise of power. Simply because a decision impacts a broad segment of the public does not mean that it is public in the administrative law sense of the term. Again, judicial review is about the legality of state decision making.
The Scope of Procedural Fairness
The Supreme Court stated clearly that there is no freestanding right to procedural fairness without an underlying cause of action. The Court found that each case relied upon by the lower courts for that proposition involved an underlying legal right.
Courts do not have jurisdiction merely because the issues raised before them are “sufficiently important” in “some abstract sense.” The Supreme Court stated that, “[w]hat is required is that a legal right of sufficient importance—such as a property or contractual right—be at stake.”
In this case, no contract formed between the parties. Moreover, Mr. Wall’s economic interest in the client base was irrelevant as he did not have a right to the Congregation’s business.
What is “justiciable”?
The Supreme Court added that even where judicial review is available, courts can only consider issues that are justiciable. In order for a court to take jurisdiction, the court must be an appropriate forum to decide the issue. No clear rules can define the scope of justiciability. Instead, each case has to be considered flexibly and contextually.
Looking at facts, the Supreme Court found the issues before it were non-justiciable. Courts should not “decide matters of religious dogma,” as they do not have the legitimacy or institutional capacity to do so. The Court concluded that, “[i]n the end, religious groups are free to determine their own membership and rules; courts will not intervene in such matters save where it is necessary to resolve an underlying legal dispute.”
The Supreme Court’s decision in Highwood represents a potentially significant narrowing of the court’s approach to taking public law jurisdiction over certain cases. Especially in Ontario, the Court’s comments on the meaning of what constitutes a true “public law” issue and the purposes of administrative law seem to be a strong statement contrary to the growing tendency to claim jurisdiction over private decisions that, as the Supreme Court put it, merely affect the public in a “generic” sense.
In the same vein, the Supreme Court’s analysis injects a welcome amount of certainty into a characteristically uncertain area of law. The three conditions enunciated by the Court will help to determine whether a party can avail itself of judicial review before lengthy proceedings. As a result, Highwood should help to limit the reliance on judicial review in what are properly seen as private law interactions.
The article in this client update provides general information and should not be relied on as legal advice or opinion. This publication is copyrighted by Hicks Morley Hamilton Stewart Storie LLP and may not be photocopied or reproduced in any form, in whole or in part, without the express permission of Hicks Morley Hamilton Stewart Storie LLP. ©
Practice Areas: LitigationIndustries: Arts & Sports, Construction, Education, Energy & Utilities, Financial Services, Government Ministries & Agencies (Federal and Provincial), Healthcare, Hospitality & Gaming, Manufacturing, Media & Communications, Membership Associations, Mining & Natural Resources, Municipalities & Municipal Agencies, Non-profit Organizations, Nursing Care Facilities, Professional & Technical Services, Retail & Wholesale Trade, Social Services, Transportation & WarehousingTags: Procedural Fairness, Supreme Court of Canada
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Sugar Palace
The Grand Island Sugar Palace was erected in 1890 to commemorate the birth of the state's sugar beet industry. Patterned after the Sioux City Corn Palace, the building housed an exposition devoted to the production and processing of sugar beets. A factory was already in operation in Grand Island, and an opening ball that included factory employees was held at the Sugar Palace in August of 1890. Although TheNew West, a Grand Island temperance weekly, felt that the revelry at the ball had been excessive, it stated on August 27, "The sugar factory, and the sugar industry are God-sends to Nebraska."
The Grand Island Independent of August 28, 1890, described the building as "about 200 feet square, built in an artistic design." It reported of the interior: "The different rooms represent the different kinds of grain and produce raised in Hall and adjoining counties. The designs are pretty and in keeping with all that is pleasing to the eye. Full-sized figures have been made of grass, wheat, oats, barley, etc., and two large maps-one of Nebraska and one of the United States-have been made from corn, wheat and oats, showing Grand Island in the centre of the state with her immense railroad facilities, while in the United States map Nebraska is shown as the central attraction." Sugar beets were used extensively in decorating the interior, and much of the outside ornamentation represented sugar in one form or another.
Dedication exercises took place Sunday afternoon, August 31, 1890. Nebraska Governor John M. Thayer and his staff participated. In the audience were many Union veterans converging on Grand Island for their annual statewide reunion. The state newspapers covered the event with detailed stories. Grand Island's Mayor Platt sounded the keynote in his address of welcome. He referred to his boyhood, when central Nebraska was looked upon as nothing but a desert, unable to sustain an agricultural population. He pointed to the Sugar Palace and all it represented as dramatic evidence that such a belief was false.
From all accounts, the celebration was a success. The railroads brought people to Grand Island from all parts of the West at excursion rates. Newspapers carried extensive accounts, frequently accompanied by an illustration of the novel building.
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Association of Arab Universities
The Association of Arab Universities is a non-governmental organization that has an independent legal character. Its membership includes 280 Arab Universities at the present time. AARU’s was established in 1964 upon a resolution issued by the Arab League. A temporary Secretariat General was formed in Cairo, Egypt. In 1969, permanent Secretariat General was designated. Its permanent headquarters has been in Amman since 1984, the capital of the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan.
What is the Mission of AARU?
The mission of AARU aims at “Assisting and coordinating the efforts of Arab Universities to prepare capable graduates who can serve their Arab communities and preserve its unified culture and civilization, as well as to assist in developing its natural resources.”
The Association seeks to achieve the following goals:
Working to make Arab universities remain faithful and committed to the values inherent in the faith of Islam and its noble message, and to give due attention to the Arab and Islamic heritage.
Striving to make Arabic language the medium of instruction atArab universities, and paying attention to other vital languages, as well as unifying scientific terms and translation in general.
Enhancing cooperation amongst Arab universities and institutes of higher education and coordinating their efforts with a view to realize the Arab national goals.
Cooperating with counterpart associations and institutions to raise the level of higher education, to promote joint research projects, and to exchange results thereof.
Enhancing cooperation between Arab and Islamic universities on the one hand, and other universities worldwide, on the other.
Coordinating efforts amongst Arab universities at international assemblies and conferences.
Supporting and encouraging mutual students’ activities amongst Arab universities.
Paving the way for cooperation amongst Arab universities in terms of teaching methods and facilities including libraries, laboratories and other relevant issues as well.
Cooperating to promote quality assurance and accreditation in the Arab Universities
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Gabriel Bamgbose Founding Editor
Gabriel Bamgbose, a writer, critic, and researcher, hails from Ogun State, Nigeria. He is the founder of the literary society, The African Literary Nexus. He teaches Literature in the Department of English, Tai Solarin University of Education, Nigeria. Currently, he is a Fulbright Fellow at New York University, New York. His research interests include African literature, African American poetry, English poetry, literary theory and criticism, postcolonial studies, gender studies and creative writing. He has published critical and creative works in several academic and literary journals. One of his poems is longlisted for the 2013 Ghana Poetry Prize. He is the author of the poetry collection, Something Happened After the Rain (2014). He spends most of time spinning the web of a new world in his imagination, a new world he hopes will take a real form someday. Perhaps it is taking a real form already.
Email: <ijagunpoetryjournal@gmail.com>
Basit A. Olatunji was born in Ifon-Osun, Osun State, Nigeria. He is a poet and essayist. His first poetry collection, Thoughtful Reflections, was published in 2011. He currently teaches English at State Senior High School, Agege, Lagos. Basit receives academic training in English Education and Literature from Obafemi Awolowo University and University of Ibadan respectively. He believes poetry is a freer of the mind.
Email: <basit.ijagunpoetryjournal@gmail.com>
Aneesha Roy was born in the city of Kolkata, West Bengal, India. She is a poet, a critic and a fledgling short story writer. She has been educated in St.Teresa’s Secondary School and St. Paul’s Boarding and Day School, Kolkata. She has a degree in English Literature at Loreto College, Kolkata. She is an ardent acolyte of aestheticism and believes that art should exist for art’s sake. She is an avid reader and admirer of verse and drama. She believes that poetry is the inviolable expression of a soul’s quiddity. Currently, she is working on her first poetry collection. She enjoys writing one-act plays when the banal pursuit of examination curricula does not keep her occupied. Apart from literature, she is interested in feminist criticism, philosophy and mythology.
Email <roy.ijagunpoetryjournal@gmail.com>
Art Editor
The Nigerian born Adefolake Odunayo Orimolade is an artist, lecturer and mother of three who lives with her family in Lagos, the Nigerian commercial capital. Orimolade studied at the Yaba College of Technology, School of Art, Design and Printing. She is also an alumnus of the University of South Africa. She also is in continuous pursuit of artistic studies. She has received several awards for her artistic studies. She has participated in several group exhibitions in Nigeria. She had her first solo exhibition in 2006. Orimolade has contributed to several art projects around Nigeria. She has also facilitated art workshops amongst other community projects and she also writes. Her more recent works incorporate drawing, collage, mixed media, painting, etching, sculpture and Performance art. Orimolade currently works in the Fine Art Department of the School of Art, Design and Printing, Yaba College of Technology, Lagos, Nigeria.
Email: <odun.ijagunpoetryjournal@gmail.com>
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MOL Launches New Session of ‘MOL Global Management College, 2016’
– Aimed at Training Executives with a Global Perspective –
TOKYO-Mitsui O.S.K. Lines, Ltd. (MOL; President & CEO: Junichiro Ikeda) today announced that “MOL Global Management College, 2016” was launched on September 5.
MOL Global Management College started in 2014 with the aim of improving management skills in cross-cultural environments and developing next generation executives who will be in the forefront of the MOL Group’s global management. This year marks the third session of the program. In response to today’s global marketplace, the college targets not only employees in the Head Office, but also personnel from overseas subsidiaries who represent the future of the MOL Group. This year, the college will begin its four-month program with 20 participants from nine countries.
The program prepares the participants to come up with their own proposals to improve the company, taking part in energetic, hands-on sessions in small groups under the themes of personal empowerment, organizational management, and leadership in today’s global business environment, and “MOL CHART”(*), which expresses the MOL Group’s shared values. The program culminates with the participants making their own presentations to MOL’s top executives on the final day.
MOL has pushed ahead with efforts to nurture independent-spirited global leaders who are committed to acting with a sense of ownership by sharing the values of “MOL CHART” among every employee and using it as basis for decisions. The goal is “to develop the MOL Group into an excellent and resilient organization that leads the world shipping industry,” by strengthening and concentrating its comprehensive group-wide efforts.
(*) “MOL CHART” expresses group-wide shared values, introduced in April 2015, to more effectively promote sustainable growth. The word “CHART” is an acronym for “Challenge”, “Honesty”, “Accountability”, “Reliability”, and “Teamwork”.
Please refer to the following press release for details.
MOL Introduces “MOL CHART” on April 1, 2015
General Manager of Human Resources Division Miwako Ando giving a speech in opening ceremony
Active Discussions in Small Groups
PreviousMOL remains a valued member of FTSE4Good Global Index Series; ESG/RI Index
NextMOL Again Earns Listing on ESG/RI Index: Dow Jones Sustainability Indices (DJSI)
Hazard Map to Supplement ‘Capt.’s DOSCA’ Optimum Ship Routing System
Japan’s National Wheelchair Rugby Team Captures 1st in GIO 2018 IWRF World Championship: MOL Employee Is a Member
A new MCA Seafarer Training Centre and Crew Residence Opens in Phuket
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Tag: titular diocese of urusi
A bishop at 80
As canon law dictates that a bishop is to offer his resignation when he reaches the age of 75, new bishops rarely get consecrated beyond the age of, say, 65. A look at the past month, just to get a sampling, shows that this is generally true: the youngest four of the most recently consecrated bishops were 51, while the oldest was 69. All the others fall in between those ages.
Today, however, will see the consecration of an 80-year-old bishop. But he is not set to lead a diocese or take on some important office in the curia or a diplomatic post somewhere. No, Archbishop Aquilino Bocos Merino is being made a bishop so that he can receive the cardinal’s red hat in 12 days’ time.
Canon 351 § 1 describes who can be chosen to be made cardinals, adding that “those who are not yet bishops must receive episcopal consecration.” Cardinal-elect Bocos Merino is a priest of the Missionary Sons of the Immaculate Heart of Mary, generally known as the Claretians, and served as that order’s superior general from 1991 to 2003. That office, however, does not entail that the holder being made a bishop. But a cardinal must be one. Hence today’s consecration of an 80-year-old.
The consecration of Archbishop Bocos Merino will take place in Madrid, Spain, with Fernando Cardinal Sebastián Aguilar, archbishop emeritus of Pamplona y Tudela, as principal consecrator, and Carlos Cardinal Osoro Sierra, archbishop of Madrid, and Ricardo Cardinal Blázquez Pérez, archbishop of Valladolid, as co-consecrators. All three cardinals were also created by Pope Francis.
Archbishop Bocos Merino has been appointed the titular archbishop of Urusi (because a bishop has to be a bishop of a place), a title he will hold for a mere twelve days. In the consistory of 28 June he will be given a deaconry title to go with his cardinal’s red hat. There are currently twelve of these vacant, but Pope Francis may decide to elevate another Roman church to the dignity of cardinal deaconry. He has done so before.
But, despite all of the above, a newly chosen cardinal who is not yet a bishop can simply ask the pope to dispense him from the obligation of being made a bishop first. Such a request is usually granted. Most recently, Cardinal Ernest Simoni, created in the consistory of 19 November 2016, did so.
Posted on June 16, 2018 June 15, 2018 Categories From Rome, World ChurchTags aquilino cardinal bocos merino, canon law, carlos cardinal osoro sierra, consecration, consistory, ernest cardinal simoni, fernando cardinal sebastián aguilar, missionary sons of the immaculate heart of mary, pope francis, ricardo cardinal blázquez pérez, titular diocese of urusi1 Comment on A bishop at 80
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Twitter basics for your social marketing plan
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Twitter is an open social network that people use to converse with each other in short messages of 140 characters or less, known as tweets. Whether it’s sharing breaking news, posting updates about their company or following their favourite celebrities, people are using Twitter to connect with others and to discover new things every day.
Launched in 2006, Twitter is most popular with millennials and young professionals. However, it has experienced significant growth of users in all age groups since its launch.
Twitter encourages users to follow and interact with different individuals, brands and media outlets, creating a real-time stream of messages tailored to their interests. People post updates, photos, videos and links to Twitter as they’re happening, enabling insightful, real-time, search results.
For businesses, Twitter provides two-way connections not only with customers, but also with vendors, partners, and employees. When customers follow businesses, they can stay up to date with their products and services. Because Twitter is an open network, businesses are able to monitor their customers for insights into their ideas, habits, and opinions about different products and services.
Twitter provides a great way for different departments in an organization to communicate externally as well as internally. For sales and marketing, Twitter provides the opportunity to engage with current and potential customers. You can inform them about your latest news, products and services while directing them to sales offers and new content. Employees are also able to re-share any important content, allowing your messages to spread exponentially across their networks. Twitter also offers unique features such as Twitter Lists to track what different groups of people are saying about your business, industry and even your competitors.
On the customer service front, you can quickly respond to issues, increase your brand’s exposure, build brand loyalty and reward long-standing customers.
Twitter users can also discover the latest happenings anywhere from their mobile device.
Users are able to read, post, retweet and share different types of content straight from their phone.
When you combine messages that are quick to write, easy to read, and accessible anywhere, Twitter provides a powerful, real-time way for businesses to communicate with their communities.
Get started optimizing your social media profiles
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You are here: Home / Somali News in English / US airstrike in Somalia kills scores of Al Shabaab extremists
US airstrike in Somalia kills scores of Al Shabaab extremists
January 20, 2019 - By: HORSEED STAFF
The U.S. Africa Command said the airstrike occurred near Jilib in the Middle Juba region.
There were no reports of Americans killed or wounded. The U.S. statement did not say whether any Somali forces were killed or wounded by the al-Qaida-linked extremists.
Al-Shabab via its Shahada news agency asserted that its attack on two Somali army bases killed at least 41 soldiers. It described the location as the Bar Sanjuni area near the port city of Kismayo.
There was no immediate comment from Somalia’s government.
In neighboring Ethiopia, state television cited the defense ministry as saying more than 60 al-Shabab fighters had been killed and that four vehicles loaded with explosives had been “destroyed.” Ethiopia contributes troops to a multinational African Union peacekeeping mission in Somalia and has troops there independently under Ethiopian army command.
A Somali intelligence officer said al-Shabab had been amassing fighters for more than a week to launch a major attack against Somali and Kenyan forces in order to disrupt a planned offensive against the extremists. The officer said some 400 extremists, including foreign ones, had been prepared, including two suicide car bombers. The officer spoke on condition of anonymity because they were not authorized to speak to reporters.
Al-Shabab controls large parts of rural southern and central Somalia and continues to carry out high-profile suicide bombings and other attacks in the capital, Mogadishu, and elsewhere.
The Islamic extremist group claimed responsibility for the deadly attack on a luxury hotel complex in the capital of neighboring Kenya on Tuesday, the latest high-toll assault inside that county in retaliation for Kenya sending troops to Somalia to fight al-Shabab.
The extremist group finds itself under pressure at home on a number of fronts, including from a small presence of rival fighters linked to the Islamic State organization, which has begun challenging al-Shabab in recent months.
The United States has dramatically stepped up airstrikes against al-Shabab in Somalia since President Donald Trump took office, carrying out at least 47 such strikes last year. Some have targeted top al-Shabab leaders or key financial officials; the extremist group funds its attacks with an extensive network of “taxation” and extortion.
In October, the U.S. said an airstrike killed about 60 fighters near the al-Shabab-controlled community of Harardere in Mudug province in the central part of the country.
The airstrikes hamper the extremist group but have not “seriously degraded al-Shabab’s capability to mount strikes either inside or outside Somalia,” Matt Bryden of Sahan Research, an expert on the extremists, told The Associated Press after the Nairobi hotel attack.
Airstrikes alone cannot defeat the extremists, Bryden said, and must be combined with more ground-based attacks as well as a non-military campaign to win over residents of extremist-held areas.
The U.S. on Saturday said it is committed to “preventing al-Shabab from taking advantage of safe havens from which they can build capacity and attack the people of Somalia.”
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Category Archives: KENT
KENT, LOST HOUSES
January 23, 2019 David Poole Leave a comment
Holborough Court. Image: Kent Photo Archive.
These photographs of Holborough Court, at Snodland in Kent, were taken in 1909. It was designed by Hubert Bensted and built in 1884-86 for Major William Henry Roberts (1848-1926), a partner in the local lime and cement industry. William Lee Henry Roberts (1871-1928), the founder of the Holborough Cement Works, succeeded to the property and when he died it passed to his nephew John Cook of Royden Hall, on condition that he took the name Roberts. He sold it to Associated Portland Cement Manufacturers (now Blue Circle) in 1929, who demolished it in 1930 to make way for industrial development. Some of the ancient fittings were saved and now form part of the furnishings of Paddlesworth church.
Country EstateCountry HouseCountry MansionHolborough CourtKENTLost HeritageLOST HOUSESMansion
November 5, 2018 David Poole Leave a comment
An American shrine on English soil. Following in the footsteps of Benjamin Franklin, the great negotiator, and the sad plight of an English country house.
Hayes Place was the home of the distinguished statesman William Pitt, 1st Earl of Chatham, who was Prime Minister in 1766-1768. His son, William Pitt the Younger (the youngest ever Prime Minister) was born here in 1759. Image: The British Newspaper Archive.
In March 1918, The Graphic highlighted Hayes Place in Kent, the ornate home of the Earl of Chatham, and the historical visit of the great American, Benjamin Franklin.
From 1757 to 1774, Franklin lived mainly in London where he was the colonial representative for Pennsylvania, Georgia, New Jersey and Massachusetts. His attempts to reconcile the British government with the colonies proved fruitless. On his return to America, the war of independence had already broken out and he threw himself into the struggle. In 1776, he helped to draft, and was then a signatory to, the Declaration of Independence.
In 1758, when relations between the mother land and her American colonies had become strained to breaking point, William Pitt the elder, later the 1st Earl of Chatham, went out of his way to make the acquaintance of the famous American. They met within the walls of Hayes Place, where Franklin and the Earl held many discussions as to how the differences between Great Britain and America might be healed.
Pitt acquired Hayes in 1757 then rebuilt the house and added land to the estate. General Wolfe dined here in 1759 on the night before he departed to his fate at Quebec. During Pitt’s time as Prime Minister, Thomas Walpole held the house and encased it in white brick during further enlargement. Walpole resold it to Pitt in 1768, who died here ten years later in 1778. Image: Lost Country Houses of Kent.
Site of a house since the 15th century, in 1754 William Pitt the elder bought the property, subsequently rebuilding it. The birthplace of his son, Pitt the Younger in 1759 and the scene of his own death in 1778, it was visited by many of the major figures of the late 18th century but passed out of the family in 1785.
Other noted owners of Hayes Place included philanthropist Edward Wilson (who acquired the house in 1864) and Sir Everard Alexander Hambro (1880), who carried out improvements to Hayes village. Hayes Place was demolished in 1933 and houses were erected on the site. Image: Ideal Homes.
In 1880 Everard Hambro of the banking family, became the owner. Following his death in 1925 his son Eric decided to dispose of the estate for building, although the need for an improved infrastructure for this rural area meant delays.
As a result the house survived until 1933.
Developed as the Hayes Place Estate by Henry Boot, a Sheffield based company, roads such as Chatham Avenue and Hambro Avenue were named after figures associated with the house’s history.
“Where statesmen once met to discuss state matters, builders’ men now eat their lunches. Hayes Place, the historic mansion of the Pitts, is now used as a store for building materials.” – Taunton Courier and Western Advertiser – March 1933.
Hambro Avenue in Hayes, Kent. This is named after one of the occupants of Hayes Place. Sheffield-builder Henry Boot demolished the house in 1933 and laid out the Hayes Place estate. Several local firms put up more estates, including Hayes Hill, Pickhurst Manor, and Hayes Gardens. Image: Google Streetview.
Country HouseCountry MansionHambroHayesHayes PlaceHenry BootHeritageKENTLOST HOUSESMansionThe British Newspaper ArchiveWilliam Pitt
June 21, 2018 David Poole Leave a comment
A country colony for Londoners: A house that became part of the ‘garden city movement’. Three years later it was lost
Langley Park. Close by the house was an interesting old swimming bath embowered by trees. The old ballroom of the house had a fine painted ceiling. Leading up to the house was an old avenue of trees, a mile and a quarter in length. Image: The British Newspaper Archive.
On Monday 6 January 1913, the members of Park Langley Golf Club were shocked to find that their club house was on fire. The blaze had started about eight o’clock at night in the dining-room, the cause unknown, and quickly consumed the interior, including the fine Adam ceiling.
On that cold January evening firemen from Beckenham and Bromley rushed to Langley Park. They laid their hoses to the pond 300 yards away and frantically pumped water into the house. By midnight the fire had consumed most of the building and by first light on Tuesday it was evident that only the outer walls remained.
The remains of Langley Park were demolished soon afterwards and a replacement club house constructed nearby.
The following day firemen were still pouring water onto the remains of Langley House. All the windows had been destroyed and the roof had collapsed inwards. Image: The British Newspaper Archive.
The blackened shell of Langley Park. The Georgian part, completely at odds with an adjacent older section, had been totally destroyed. Image: The British Newspaper Archive.
Previous to this, Langley Park mansion, standing at the centre of Langley Park in Beckenham, Kent, had been an age-old family home. Parts of the house were said to date back from 1476, built for the De Langele (Langley) family, although the main part of the property was Georgian. The Langley family remained until the 1820s when it was bought by Emmanuel Goodhart. In total, there were twenty rooms, many containing valuable objets d’art, Adam fireplaces and about twenty sepia frescos.
After the death of its last occupant, Emmanuel’s son, Charles Emanuel Goodhart, D.L., J.P. in 1903, the property had been empty. However, with one eye on the advance of London, there were plenty waiting patiently to exploit Beckenham’s rural location.
The estate was sold by the excecutors of Charles E. Goodhart in 1908 and 700-acres of its parkland bought by H & G Taylor, a Lewisham building firm, to build a new ‘garden estate’ – Parklangley –‘the most luxurious and beautiful attempt at town-planning in the country’.
The initial phase (1909-1913) was based on the ‘garden city movement’. The layout of the estate and most of the houses were designed by Reginald C. Fry, but there were other designs from Edgar Underwood, H.T. Bromley, Sothern Dexter and Durrans & Groves.
The first roads to be laid out were Wickham Way, Elwill Way and Hayes Way in 1909. Malmains Way, Whitecroft Way and Styles Way followed in 1910. The golf club moved into Langley Park in 1910, occupying the house and remaining parkland.
Parklangley, near Beckenham, was the latest development of the garden suburbs ideal. Its 700-acres of park and tree-studded pastoral lands were to remain a huge garden on which spacious villas, designed for comfort as well as appearance, were built. The houses weren’t crowded together, and the ‘jerry builder’ was kept out of the domain. This is Brabourne Rise in the course of construction. Image: Ideal Home.
Originally envisaged as a self contained garden city complete with circular shopping centre, church and dance hall building, around 80 houses had been built before the development was interrupted by World War I.
Work resumed on the ‘garden city’ in 1918, but the scheme never fully materialised. However, consisting mainly of sizeable detached and semi-detached housing it remains ones of Beckenham’s most exclusive and unspoilt areas.
The site of Langley Park mansion is now occupied by Langley Park School for Girls, behind what is now the 3rd green of Langley Park Golf Club.
Shopping entirely under shelter. The Parklangley development covered 700-acres and houses were built fringing broad roads with old trees in them. The roads were to run round and radiate from a central position, which itself was close up to an old avenue of trees a mile and quarter in length. At its centre was to be a large rotunda containing the only shops allowed in the area. People were to enter the rotunda by twenty or thirty arches and enter into a shopping promenade – a circus covered by a glass roof complete with bandstand, fountain, tea-tables and flower-shops. Sadly, it was never built. Image: The British Newspaper Archive.
“A beautiful estate, having fallen into the builders’ hands, had, instead of being covered with conventional villas in hard, straight roads, been laid out in truly rural style. The houses were different in design; beautiful old trees lined the roads, there was a first-rate golf course and club-house.” Image: The British Newspaper Archive.
May 1910. The new golf course at Parklangley. Charles Mayo putting on the second green. The links were played upon for the first time on Wednesday 25 May, when George Duncan won an eighteen-hole match against Charles Mayo, with a score of 78 against 83. Image: The British Newspaper Archive.
Langley Park or Parklangley? Both names have been used since the early 20th century. One of the ‘garden city’ houses on the corner of Hayes Way and Wickham Way. Image: Dr Neil Clifton.
Langley Park. A lot has changed since 1909. Beckenham was historically in Kent, but is now a district of London in the London Borough of Bromley. On this map we can see the black outline of the old house. Today it is the site of Langley Park School for Girls. Image: National Library of Scotland.
BeckenhamBromleyCountry HouseCountry MansionLangley ParkLONDONLost HeritageMansionParklangleyThe British Newspaper Archive
Eastwell Park at Ashford. Demolished in 1926 and rebuilt as Eastwell Manor. (Lost Heritage)
The main house at Eastwell Park was built in Neo-Elizabethan style between 1793 and 1799 for George Finch-Hatton, 9th Earl of Winchilsea, and remodelled in 1843 by William Burn. In the mid-1860s the 11th Earl suffered financial difficulties forcing him to leave and the estate was let to the Duke of Abercorn for 5 years. (Winchilsea was declared bankrupt in 1870). The house was then tenanted by Prince Alfred, Duke of Edinburgh, the second son of Queen Victoria. Eastwell Park was bought by the 2nd Lord Gerard in 1894 and it passed to his son in 1902. Frederic John Gerard had gained the rank of Captain in the Lancashire Hussars Imperial Yeomanry and achieved a similar rank with the Royal Horse Guards. He also held the office of Justice of the Peace and Deputy Lieutenant for the County of Lancashire.
Frederic J Gerard, 3rd Baron Gerard (1883-1953). (The British Newspaper Archive)
A forgotten mansion. Eastwell Park was too big and was torn down in 1926. (Lost Heritage)
In 1920 Eastwell Park was put up for sale and the eventual buyer was Mr Osborn Dan who never lived here but chose to remain in his house at Wateringbury. He sold the estate in 1924 and it was reported that the new owner intended to reduce the size of the mansion. This was Sir John de Fonblanqua Pennefather (1856-1933), a British cotton merchant and Conservative politician, who’d just been created a Baronet, of Golden in the County of Tipperary. Some experts suggest he was more interested in architecture rather than the estate. He demolished the existing mansion and in 1926, using much of the old materials, rebuilt the house as it now stands, but significantly reducing its size. He was overtaken by blindness and never lived in the new house. In 1930, Madeline Cecilia Carlyle Brodrick, 2nd wife of the 1st Earl of Midleton, later Countess Midleton, bought the estate but lived in London. Her son, Captain George Brodrick, managed the estate on modern and efficient lines. The 1920s house survives as Eastwell Manor, a Champneys Spa Hotel. All that remains of the old house is Eastwell Towers, built in 1848, the original gatehouse.
Eastwell Manor. The house was built between 1926-28 by B.C. Deacon for Sir John Pennefather.
All that remains of the Georgian house. Eastwell Towers, built in 1848 as the original gatehouse.
Eastwell ManorEastwell ParkGeorgianKENTWilliam Burn
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Tag Archives: Breadsall Priory
August 12, 2016 David Poole Leave a comment
Breadsall Priory, a successful hotel, is now forgotten as a country house (House and Heritage)
Built: 1795 with extensive C19 and C20 additions
Architect: Unknown with remodelling by Robert Scrivener c1861
Owner: Marriott Hotels for the Abu Dhabi Investment Authority ADIA)
Country house hotel and country club
Grade II listed
“The plan is a trifle untidy, due to the complex evolution of this fascinating house. The general effect is rather sad.”
The Derbyshire Country House (Maxwell Craven and Michael Stanley)
The above comments may appear rather harsh. However, it is true that the visitor to Breadsall Priory wanders from old to new almost as soon as they enter this grand old mansion. Recent additions have confused the layout but there remains, at its core, an almost intact Elizabethan mansion, a 19th-century house and the ruins of a 13th century priory owned by the Austin Canons.
Breadsall Priory is a former Augustinian priory in Derbyshire, close to the city of Derby, and situated around two kilometres north of Breadsall, and two kilometres east of Little Eaton.
In 1536 all monasteries with revenue less than £200 a year were suppressed by Henry VIII and handed over to the Crown. Breadsall Priory and its land was leased to Laurence Holland of Belper in 1537 and used for agricultural purposes.
In 1552 it was handed to Henry, Duke of Suffolk, the father of Lady Jane Grey, but he only retained ownership for a few months. He sold it to Thomas Babington of Dethick and Kingston in 1553.
Babington sold Breadsall Priory to Thomas Hutchinson in 1557 and by 1573 it was in the hands of John Leeke, the uncle of Bess of Hardwick.
Around 1795 it was bought by Sir John Bentley, a knight and Councillor-at-Law. By this time the Priory had been inhabited and in ruinous state. Bentley converted the priory into a tall e-shaped dwelling and lived there until 1621.
Part of the east front of Bentley’s house now hidden behind 1860 additions (Whitbread Archive)
Following John Bentley’s death in 1622 the house passed via his heiress to Sir Gervase Cutler and then to Sir Edward Mosley of Ancoats, from whom it descended to a distant cousin, also called Sir Edward Moseley.
He granted Breadsall Priory to his son-in-law, Sir John Bland of Kippax in Yorkshire, in 1693. Bland sold the house to Thomas Leacroft of Wirksworth for £1,675 in 1702. The following year Leacroft sold it to Andrew Greensmith of Steeple Grange, a partner in his lead smelting business.
East front of Breadsall Priory, farm buildings and dovecote, by Ravenhill. Published 1791, but engraved several years prior to that, possibly in about 1787 (Derby Local Studies Library)
Breadsall Priory remained with the Greensmith family until 1799 and underwent a series of alterations including re-siting of the main entrance from the east front to an extension on the north side. The last family occupant was Hannah Greensmith Beard of Lincoln who died in 1797. Her sons sold the house and grounds to Erasmus Darwin in 1799.
The Darwins
The first few years of Darwin ownership proved tragic but the name will always be associated with Breadsall Priory.
According to Nick Redman, Erasmus Darwin (1759-1799) was 41-years-old and unmarried when he bought the estate.
He was the son of Dr Erasmus Darwin (1731-1802) whose scientific and philosophical achievements were well-known across the land. He was a physician, poet, and botanist noted for his republican politics and materialistic theory of evolution. Although today he is perhaps best known as being the grandfather of naturalist Charles Darwin and of biologist Sir Francis Galton.
Dr Erasmus Darwin. Physician, poet and botanist
Dr Erasmus Darwin had married Mary, daughter of Charles Howard of Lichfield, who produced three sons – Charles (who died aged 19), Erasmus (II) and Robert (who was father to Charles Darwin).
Erasmus, the second son and new owner of Breadsall Priory, had wanted to enter the church but instead became an attorney-at-law specialising in property and opening a practice in Derby.
He bought Breadsall Priory in November 1799 but on the night of 29 December ran out of the house in a distressed state and was later found drowned in the River Derwent. The exact circumstances of his anguish remain a mystery but the likelihood is that he committed suicide.
Breadsall Priory reverted to his father, Dr Erasmus Darwin, who had been living in Derby since 1783.
Darwin probably commissioned an extension on the east front of the house but didn’t move in until March 1802.
His stay lasted a matter of weeks and on 18 April Darwin died from a heart attack. His second wife, Elisabeth, widow of Colonel Chandos Pole of Radbourne, remained at Breadsall Priory until her death in 1832. (Darwin had married Elisabeth Pole in 1781 and had three sons and three daughters).
Following Elisabeth’s death Breadsall Priory was inherited by their only surviving son, Francis Sacheverel Darwin (1786-1859).
Graduating from Emmanuel College, Cambridge he travelled the world aged 22-years-old. Darwin had started with four others, one of whom was his brother-in-law Theodore Galton, on a tour through Spain, the Mediterranean and the Near East. They came in contact with war, robbers, privateers and the plague and only Darwin returned alive.
Francis Sacheverel Darwin who made Breadsall Priory his family home
Francis became a physician inheriting his father’s tastes and distinguished abilities. He had lived for a time at Lichfield where he had an extensive practice and subsequently at Sydnope near Matlock.
In 1815 he married Jane Harriot Ryle, youngest daughter of John Ryle of Park House, Macclesfield, and had three sons and seven daughters. He was knighted by George IV in 1820 and served as a Justice of the Peace and Deputy Lieutenant of Derbyshire.
After his mother’s death Francis made Breadsall Priory available for rent. In 1842 an advertisement in Aris’s Birmingham Gazette offered the house on a 5 year let:-
‘The most beautiful and desirable residence, four miles from Derby, containing every accommodation for a genteel Family, with gardens, orchards, pleasure grounds, fish-ponds, rookery etc. And about 25 acres of rich pasture land, with a cottage for servant or labourer. There are several packs of hounds in the immediate vicinity, and the tenant may have the exclusive rights of shooting over the farm adjoining. The house is abundantly supplied with the softest and purest spring water’.¹
The last tenant at Breadsall Priory was Joseph Webster whose family developed a wire drawing business in Sutton Coldfield. He had safeguarded the firm against competition from a new patent piano wire by successfully negotiating a merger and creating Webster & Horsfall Ltd of Penns Mill. The company would also produce the wire used in the first transatlantic cable. Webster left Breadsall Priory and moved to Ashfurlong House at Sutton Coldfield.
Francis Darwin finally moved into Breadsall Priory in 1847. He was a keen antiquarian and carried out several excavations hoping to find a tunnel that was rumoured to run from the house to Horsley Castle three miles away. He dug a trench along the north side of the house but found nothing.
Breadsall Priory from the south-east in 1857, by Violetta Darwin (Rosemary Bonham-Smith)
Breadsall Priory north front in 1857. Apart from the insertion of Bentley’s sash windows, Bentley’s work of 1600 is virtually untouched (Derek Sherborn)
In his later years Francis Darwin lived in retirement and due to age and increasing infirmities was unable to mix in society. He died in 1859 and Lady Darwin moved to Breadsall Lodge nearby.
Breadsall Priory from the south-west, by W.B. Cottam. The view was captured between 1857 and 1880 (Derby Museums and Art Gallery)
In January 1860 Breadsall Priory and its estate were put up for auction at the Royal Hotel in Derby. Bidding opened at £10,000 and was sold to Mr Francis Morley for £13,000.
The auction in January 1860 caused much excitement (BNA)
In March the entire contents of the house were auctioned and Morley took possession on March 25 1860.
Just three days later an advertisement appeared in the Derby Mercury advising builders and others ‘desirous of contracting for several works connected with alterations and additions to obtain plans and specifications from the architect’, Robert Scrivener, of Hanley in the Potteries.²
Francis Morley (1810-1883)
Francis Morley was the son of Richard Morley of Sneinton Hall near Nottingham. The hosiery firm of I. and R. Morley was established by John (1768-1849) and his brother Richard (1775-1855) in about 1797.
Hosiery was still primarily a cottage industry at the time. Entrepreneurs like I. and R. Morley were essentially wholesalers, buying in goods and storing them in warehouses in Nottingham and in the City of London.
Francis Morley might have been expected to join the family business and for a time did play an important part. However, marriage took Morley into the world of pottery with considerable success.
In 1835 he married 18-year-old Emma Ridgway, daughter of the famous potter William Ridgway. Morley became a partner in Ridgway, Morley, Wear and Co and in 1842 became sole proprietor with Ridgway.
The nineteenth-century historian Llewellyn Jewitt said that ‘Morley entered with spirit into the pottery business and into the life of Staffordshire.’
When Ridgway retired Morley continued the business alone before going into partnership with Samuel Astbury and trading as Francis Morley & Co.
Business was carried out at the Broad Street Works, Shelton, in Hanley, but Morley recognised the importance of new markets and built a factory in Philadelphia, USA.
The company became famous for its ironstone and earthenware and was producer of the acclaimed Mason’s Patent Ironstone China. (Morley had bought many of Charles James Mason’s moulds when the latter went bankrupt in 1848). This product is now highly collectable in modern antique markets.
The partnership with Samuel Astbury was dissolved in 1853 and Morley took another partner, Taylor Ashworth, with whom he worked until 1862 before taking retirement.
It was with this in mind that Morley bought Breadsall Priory in 1860. Until then the house looked almost as it did in John Bentley’s day. The only change had been east front additions and Morley was keen to bring the house up to Victorian standards.
Morley returned to the Potteries and engaged the services of the architect Robert Scrivener (1812-1878). The Ipswich-born son of master builder William Scrivener had moved to Staffordshire in the 1850s, establishing a practice in Shelton, close to Morley’s Broad Street works. Scrivener was one of North Staffordshire’s leading architects designing many of Hanley’s most notable buildings.
The style chosen for Breadsall Priory was theatrical and changed the appearance entirely. The Victorian Gothic style was complicated and hid most of the original house behind a new façade.
Nick Redman in An Illustrated History of Breadsall Priory described the dramatic effect:-
‘Morley began by removing all the additions on the east side. He then added a large three bay extension which butted up to the front of the old house, leaving only Bentley’s attic floor visible. On the central bay was a projecting porch with a balustrade and battlemented corner turrets.
‘North of the porch he placed a separate castellated extension with a new dining room at ground floor level, and with bedrooms and bathrooms above. Below it two wine cellars linked to the basement beneath Bentley’s north east tower.
‘Between this extension and the old house Morley inserted another block, also castellated. The Gun Room on the ground floor had a side door. The construction of these new buildings covered or destroyed the Priory foundations revealed earlier by Sir Francis Darwin.
‘The old entrance hall which had been very narrow, was enlarged by taking away a large portion of the lower section of Bentley’s central tower, in which was formerly a winding staircase. The new entrance hall measured 24 square feet, with solid parquet flooring, the centre of oak and walnut interlaced, with an ornamental border of elaborate design. The principal staircase was of carved oak.
‘The gabled stage of the south-east tower was replaced by another floor with battlements and overhanging corner turrets. Above this was a tall octagonal stair tower with cross arrow slits, machicolations and battlements.
‘West of this tower Morley replaced the large gabled return with a replica of one of Bentley’s gables, but retaining Bentley’s mullioned window within it. He inserted a new window of four lights and added below it a large canted bay with a trefoil-headed battlemented windows under quatrefoil decorations.
‘West again he built a billiard room. It was single storey and thus most of the west front of Bentley’s house was left untouched. The room had an open carved roof lit by skylights, and with a three-light traceried window to the south. It was furnished in the Moorish style.’
The house was completed in autumn 1861 and Morley spent the next few years developing the grounds and parkland at a cost of about £4,000.
Breadsall Priory south front as rebuilt by Francis Morley 1860-61. Drawn by Charles Cattermole and engraved by O. Jewitt (The Building News)
Despite originally investing in new farm buildings Morley decided to withdraw from agriculture in 1875 selling all his livestock and equipment.
In his later years Francis Morley suffered ill-health.
George Ashworth, the father of Taylor Ashworth, wrote “Mr M would beat mother just now in a walking stick match for she cannot even stand.” Jane M. Diener wrote that Morley and his wife Emma lived in retirement served by a butler, footman, housemaid and lady’s maid.³
Francis Morley died in 1883, aged 73. In his will he left personal estate amounting to over £71,000. He left Breadsall Priory and its estate to his wife for life, then his nephew, William Statham, for life, and on the death of the survivor, to his nephew’s son, Francis Statham.⁴
However, his widow had no intention of staying at Breadsall Priory. On June 17 1884 the entire estate was offered for auction at the Mart, Tokenhouse Yard, London.
After the death of Francis Morley the house was auctioned in 1884 (BNA)
Henry Joseph Wood (1851-1920)
The purchaser of Breadsall Priory was Henry Joseph Wood. He was a native of Kent, being the son of Edward Wood of Aylesford. In 1876 he married Jane Cooper, the only daughter of Joseph Cooper of Trent Vale, Staffordshire, and moved to the midlands.
Quite how Wood made his living is uncertain but prior to buying Breadsall Priory he was living with his family at The Hollies, the Cooper’s ancestral home at Trent Vale.
In 1885 Wood qualified as a magistrate for Derbyshire and also served on Derbyshire County Council. In 1888 he was elected the President of the Derbyshire General Infirmary.
Wood was a man of many interests. In his younger days he had been a keen cricketer, playing for the Derbyshire Friars. He was also fond of hunting, and was well-known with the North Staffordshire, the Meynell and the South Nottinghamshire packs. He was also a keen shooter and kept this up until old age.
In farming he always took an active interest and regarded this as one of his chief hobbies. At Breadsall Priory he soon built up a herd of dairy cows and a stud of shire horses
The relatively unknown Henry Joseph Wood (BNA)
His stay at Breadsall Priory proved to be relatively short. In March 1892 he auctioned his entire farming stock and made plans to return to his native Kent.
Wood moved to Bidborough Court, a huge Victorian house built in the 1860’s near Tunbridge Wells, and previously known as Elm Court.
He became a J.P. for Kent as well as serving on Kent County Council. He became a visiting justice for the Kentish Asylums and the County Gaol, and devoted much of his time with the Discharged Prisoners’ Aid Society.
Jane Cooper, his beloved ‘Jeannie’, died in 1917 and proved a devastating loss to Wood. He died in July 1920, aged 70, when heart trouble was followed by other complications. He left three sons and six daughters.⁵
Richard Rainshaw Rothwell (1860-1948)
Henry James Wood sold Breadsall Priory to Captain Richard Rainshaw Rothwell. It is likely that he bought the house with the proceeds of an inheritance from his uncle, also called Richard Rainshaw Rothwell.
The older Rothwell had been the owner of large estates in the Bolton area of Lancashire who, for his active interest and financial contributions towards Italian unity, had been created the Marquis de Rothwell and later a Marquis of the kingdom of Italy. He lived at Sharples Hall, Bolton-le-Moors and died in 1890 leaving no male heir. The majority of his vast estate passed to his nephew, Richard Rainshaw Rothwell, the son of his brother, Ralph Rothwell.
Rothwell, the younger, was born in Dunkirk, France, in 1861. He spent most of his childhood in Kent before attending a Gentleman’s School in Hampstead. He married Mary Constance Murdock in 1881 and settled in Berkshire. By the time he inherited his fortune he was living at Finley House at Andover in Hampshire.
He became a J.P. for Lancashire but quite how he came upon Breadsall Priory is open to speculation.
Newspapers reported that Rothwell was going to make considerable improvements to the house and he made good his promise. He provided a supply of spring water from two powerful springs and created a 30,000 gallon reservoir. This supplied the house and outbuildings as well as the ornamental lake and fountains. Rothwell also installed electric lighting throughout the house.
According to Nick Redman he was also thought to have installed a three-manual barrel organ built by Alfred Noble of Birmingham. This stood in the entrance hall and was used until after the First World War. In 1975 it was presented to the Darwin School at Chaddeston but subsequently dismantled.
Rothwell’s hydraulic powered organ seen in 1975 (Keith Pollard Photography)
In 1894 Rothwell sold Sharples Hall and we might have expected him to have made long-term plans for Breadsall Priory.
However, Rothwell’s interest in the house was waning and may even have overstretched his finances. In November 1896 the Derbyshire Times and Chesterfield Herald reported that Sir Alfred Haslam had ‘practically acquired’ the ownership of Breadsall Priory.
The following year the following appeared in the Pall Mall Gazette:-
“Large estates continue to be put on the market. We understand that offers will now be received for Breadsall priory, the Cantley estate of 4,500 acres, near Doncaster, and Poynton Birches, on the borders of Derbyshire.”⁶
In May 1897 Messrs. Walton and Lee were preparing auction of Breadsall Priory. The house came with 135 acres of rich grass land but the property was eventually withdrawn from the market.
The house was eventually withdrawn from sale (Derby Mercury)
In August 1897 the estate was sold by private treaty. The buyer was Sir Alfred Seale Haslam who had been interested in Breadsall Priory for several months.
Richard Rainshaw Rothwell moved to Hove, in Sussex, where he was reported to be living on his own personal wealth. He later moved to Devon where he resided at Morebath Manor until his death in 1948.
Sir Alfred Seale Haslam (1844-1927)
“Sir Alfred was very proud of the place, and when I called on him, not many months before his death, he took the greatest pleasure in showing me round the house and grounds.” (Gossiper – Derby Daily Telegraph 9 July 1930)
Alfred Seale Haslam was the fourth son of William Haslam, an iron-trader from Derby.
Alfred was educated at the Diocesan School and privately. He started work as a practical engineer at the works of the Midland Railway Company in Derby and the establishment of W.C. Armstrong and Co at Newcastle-upon-Tyne. In 1868 he returned to Derby and joined the Union Foundry and Engineering Works at Little Chester.
Sir Alfred Seale Haslam (1844-1927), one of Derby’s greatest industrialists (NPG)
It was in 1880 that Alfred had pioneered an early refrigeration system. The equipment allowed for the transport of meat in sound condition from the colonies of the Antipodes. The following year it was fitted to a steamer which transported 17,000 carcases to Britain from Australia.
The idea was ridiculed at first and there was opposition from the British agricultural interest and the prejudice of the British consumer.
He risked between £25,000 and £30,000 in support of his guarantee that the meat carcases would not suffer in transportation. It revolutionised the meat trade and changed the meat-eating habits of the country.⁷
The process made a fortune for Alfred Seale Haslam and in no time at all millions of carcases and sheep were imported from far away. It quickly became an indispensable part of equipment for warships, liners and meat stores. The process was also applied to other colonial food products such as butter, cheese and fruit. Its usefulness also allowed warships to store explosives at an even temperature. Other products manufactured included boilers, hoists, mill machinery and air conditioning equipment for hospitals overseas.⁸
The company was converted into a limited company in 1876 and was renamed as the Haslam Foundry and Engineering Company Ltd. He became the Managing Director and principal shareholder.
A devout Baptist, Alfred married Annie Tatum, the daughter of Mr Thomas Tatum of the Elms, Little Eaton, in 1875. They lived at North Lees, Duffield Road, Derby.
Haslam became a Borough magistrate in 1886 and a Derbyshire magistrate in 1891. He became Mayor of Derby in 1890 and 1891. In the year of his second term he received Queen Victoria on her visit to the town and was later knighted on the platform of Derby Station.
Alfred was chosen as a Unionist candidate for Derby in the general election of 1892 but suffered defeat. He filled many public offices in Derby, including the Presidency of the Derby Chamber of Commerce and the Derby Children’s Hospital.
With considerable personal wealth it was only fitting that Alfred Seale Haslam was looking for a home of better standing. However, his move to Breadsall Priory in 1898 led to a parting of ways with Derby Corporation.
His new house was outside the borough and disqualified him from council matters. His qualification further failed owing to his company being a limited liability company and therefore carried no vote. The difficulty might have been overcome had Haslam rented a single room at his works or even taken a room elsewhere in the borough. Haslam refused and his council duties came to an abrupt end.
Settled in his new home Alfred offered his services to Newcastle-under-Lyme across the border in Staffordshire. He was not a regular member of the council but was Mayor for three successive years from 1902. For a time he combined this role with that of Unionist M.P. for Newcastle, winning his seat by 182 votes in 1900, and sat until 1906 when he was a victim of the great Unionist debacle of that year.
Alfred donated a statue of Queen Victoria which still stands at the Blackfriars end of the Thames Embankment in London. Similar statues were also funded for Derby and Newcastle-under-Lyme.
Although Sir Alfred Seale Haslam resided in London he spent as much time as possible at Breadsall Priory. He added a large west wing in Elizabethan style obscuring half of Bentley’s west front.
A plan of the Breadsall Priory estate in 1889 (Ordnance Survey Office)
According to Nick Redman he made significant alterations:-
“He demolished Morley’s billiard room, replacing it with a library. Beyond that he built his own billiard room complete with minstrels’ gallery and raised seats for the spectators. It was a striking room, decorated like Morley’s in Moorish style, with a moulded plaster ceiling with pendants. The large window on the north side looked out in Haslam’s day into a little courtyard complete with a rockery.
“At the west end of the south front Haslam built a gable matching Morley’s replica gable of 1861. Haslam’s coat of arms and the date 1899 are still visible above the library’s bay window. In the room at ground floor level below the billiard room was a small windowless area for use as a photographic dark room. (This was used by Haslam’s eldest son, Alfred Victor Haslam who took many photographs of Breadsall Priory).
“The drawing room was accessed from the entrance hall by a separate flight of stairs running parallel to the main staircase.
“In the dining room the fine oak panelling covering the lower half of the walls came from Sir Alfred’s Derby home (presumably North Lees).
“Outside the dining room Haslam installed a large Gothic door made by his father, William Haslam. The door had been displayed at the Great Exhibition in 1851 as an example of ancient church wrought iron-work and was hugely praised.
“Haslam made only one change to the east front of the house. He inserted into the balustrade over Morley’s porch a large stone bearing his coat of arms and motto ‘Agnus Dei Salvator Meus’”
Chapel door made by William Haslam for 1851 Great Exhibition. Installed at Breadsall Priory in 1900 (Keith Pollard Photography)
In August 1904, Alfred, keen to show off his new country house, invited the whole of his workpeople at the Haslam Engineering Works to Breadsall Priory, together with their wives. In total there were about 700 people present for the occasion of the homecoming of his son, Alfred Victor Haslam, and his new bride.
Haslam later commissioned Thomas Hayton Mawson, the garden designer, to develop the pleasure grounds. A new rose garden was created in 1909 and it is thought that many fragments of stone from the old priory were finally cleared away.
Sir Alfred Haslam attracted much interest at the outbreak of World War One.
When hostilities started Haslam, along with his two daughters, was visiting the German spa at Homberg. For several days the three, together with other English visitors, were semi-prisoners in their hotel. His release was probably due to his age, and a most unpleasant journey to the Dutch border followed, before travelling back to Breadsall Priory. The ordeal caused Alfred much anxiety and he was confined to bed suffering from a severe shock to his nerves.⁹
While Breadsall Priory became Alfred’s ‘pride and joy’ it also experienced tragedy.
In 1907 Alfred’s eldest son, Alfred Victor Haslam, died at Northfield, his residence on Duffield Road, Derby.
In 1917 Captain Kenneth Seale Haslam, his youngest son, of the North Midland Howitzer Brigade, was killed in action at Guémappe, east of Arras.
Of the three sons only Eric Haslam survived as well as his two daughters – Edith Hannah Haslam, who still lived at home, and Hilda Annie Ham, wife of the Rev Herbert Ham, Vicar of Wirksworth and later Provost of Derby Cathedral.
His wife, Lady Haslam, died in March 1924 at Breadsall Priory.
The south front c1900. Haslam’s new wing contrasts with Morley’s work (A. Victor Haslam)
Sir Alfred Haslam had been far from well but rallied sufficiently to continue his business affairs. He still visited his factory every day and travelled the country for meetings.
It was on such matters that he travelled to London in January 1927. He was staying at the Midland Grand St Pancras Hotel and on the night of January 12 complained of feeling unwell. He retired to his room with orders for a hotel servant to wake him early next morning. After receiving no response to his knock the servant entered the room and found Sir Alfred dead in bed.
His estate amounted to £1,064,393 after estate duty of £288,691 had already been paid. Newspapers of the day took great delight in calling him the ‘millionaire businessman’.
East front, Breadsall Priory, 1905. Morley’s castellated work of 1860-61 dominates, but the gables of Bentley’s house can still be seen behind (A. Victor Haslam – Derbyshire Archives)
Both Sir Alfred and Lady Haslam were buried at Morley. The Breadsall Priory estate was left to Alfred’s second son, Captain Eric Seale Haslam, who was 41-years-old, and his houses on Duffield Road were given to his daughters.
Eric Seale Haslam (1886-1967)
“Sitting in my library, watching the herd of cows making their way across the park is one of the joys of my life.” (Captain Eric Seale Haslam)
Eric Seale Haslam was born in 1886 and educated at Haileybury College in Hertfordshire. He later trained to be an engineer at the Rhos Prepatory School in Colwyn Bay.
During the First World War he served with the Territorial Artillery, and was wounded at Loos in 1915. He returned to action but was invalided out of France following a serious railway accident in 1916. Just a year later his younger brother, Kenneth Haslam, was killed in action.
Eric Haslam (1886-1967) (Derby Daily Telegraph)
Eric Seale Haslam had joined the family business and became chairman, choosing to rename the company as the Derby Pure Ice and Cold Storage Co Ltd*.
A freemason with the Tyrioan Lodge he was also on the board of the Derby Canal Company and a manager at the Derby Savings Bank. Outside of his business interests he was a keen agriculturalist being the president of the Derby and District Milk Recording Society and the West Hallam Ploughing Association. He was later appointed a magistrate for Derbyshire and became High Sheriff of Derbyshire in 1937.¹º
The story of Eric Seale Haslam at Breadsall Priory might also be the story of his sister, Edith Hannah Haslam. She remained at Breadsall following the death of her father and appeared to live happily alongside her brother. While Eric was the person safeguarding the finances it was Edith who became the public figure.
She was known throughout the county for her generosity. In 1927 she opened the St Christopher’s Home for Wayfaring Women at North Parade, in Derby. She attended Breadsall Church and was a committee member of the Queen Victoria Memorial Home of Rest. Edith also championed the conversion of the St Alkmund’s old burial ground into a rest garden and playground for children.¹¹
She later wrote a book, The Garden with Two Keys, published by the Oxford University Press. It was in the form of weekly letters, originally written to her god-daughter, June. The little girl had been so delighted that Edith thought other children might care for the letters too. She also designed a model garden as a companion to the book.¹²
His sister, Edith Hannah Haslam (Derby Daily Telegraph)
One interest that brother and sister shared at Breadsall Priory was the gardens. Both lavished attention to them and they were regularly opened in aid of charity. They were later enhanced with a programme of tree planting. A visitor to Breadsall Priory in 1938 wrote of the “air of comfortable well-being… the well-kept lawns and gardens… everything’s in harmony.”
In June 1932 the columnist of the Derby – and Joan feature in the Derby Daily Telegraph made observations of her visit:-
“I went over to Breadsall Priory and , after tea with Miss Edith Haslam, Mr Eric Haslam, her brother, and Sister Ward of the St Christopher’s Home for Wayfaring Women, was taken to look at the terrace, rock garden and stream.
“There are some grounds which never give a caller the pleasure occasioned by the first visit, but those belonging to Breadsall priory have the knack of making a greater appeal every time they are seen.
“A flag path had to be treated carefully because of the aubrietas which grew in every crevice. In every shade of purple they were exquisite.
“On being advised to look the way I had come, one of the prettiest garden pictures met the gaze. Flowers, bushes and trees hugged the line of the rivulet and, in the distance, a flame coloured azalea added just the right touch.”
Breadsall Priory from the south-east in the 1930s (Derby Evening Telegraph)
Nick Redman states that the tall stair turret and four bartizans on top of the tower were removed at the beginning of the Second World War. This was to avoid Luftwaffe bombers using Breadsall Priory as a landmark as they headed towards the Rolls-Royce factory in Derby where Spitfire engines were made. The drawing room was also used by the Derbyshire Children’s Hospital as a convalescent ward. During this period Eric Haslam served as a Special Constable around Derby.
The war also unearthed another one of Breadsall’s secrets. While excavating to build an air raid shelter a 13th century doorway was discovered from the old priory. This was later restored and is visible today. Further excavations also revealed part of a lower floor level with drains that turned out to be the canon’s washing area, fragments of the old priory walls and the remains of the bake-oven.
13th century doorway in west wall of old Priory, discovered in the 1940s (Whitbread Archive)
Redman also says that during a fire in one of the outbuildings in 1947, water was used from the ornamental lake to put it out. The following year the lake developed a leak and emptied gradually filling with bushes and small trees until restored in the 1970s.
Breadsall Priory, south front,1950s. The turret and coping stones on tower have been removed. The ornamental pond, on the right, is overgrown (Derby Evening Telegraph)
Edith Haslam died in December 1941. She left a will of £52,611 but it was the contents of the will that summed up her generosity.
£5,000 was given to her nephew, Christopher Haslam Dillon Ham, with £2,000 each to Eric and her sister Hilda Ham. Edith gave £1,000 each to Gwendoline Peach and May Ward. She left St Christopher’s House to Hilda, £200 was given to St Alkmund’s Garden and £500 each to Derby Hospital for Sick Children, the Victoria Home of Rest and the Mission of Lepers in Covent Garden. Edith also gave £100 each to her maids of three years’ service.
It was later revealed that Edith had offered a house at 125 Osmaston Road, Derby, to become the Derby Hostel for Lads (which opened in 1942). This property had originally been where she had helped to found the St Michael’s Hostel for Girls in 1937.¹³
Eric Haslam married in November 1943. His bride was Norah Apphia Woodroffe, the younger daughter of the late G.F. Woodroffe of Wimbledon and Mrs Woodroffe of Hillesley House, near Wooton-on-the-Edge, Gloucestershire. The wedding took place at St Mary’s Church in Wimbledon.¹⁴
Aerial view, 1969, showing buildings and kitchen garden to west of house (Genius Photography)
Eric Haslam, long retired and calling himself a ‘farmer’, died of cancer in 1967 and was buried at St Matthew’s Church at Morley.
His widow, Norah, lived alone before moving to a new house, Priory Chase, built-in one of the quarries near the entrance lodge. She lived here until her death in 1988.
There was a sale of surplus contents in May 1970 but the main house was unoccupied. It was a target for thieves and the garden and grounds slowly became overgrown and the drive rutted. For a house that once prided itself in its lovely gardens it was a sad demise.
Finally, in late 1970, the Breadsall Estate was put up for sale. It included the house and its grounds that had now been extended to 828 acres.
Charles Arthur Richard Harpur-Crewe (1917-1981)
Breadsall Priory was bought by Charles Harpur-Crewe, whose family already owned much of the land around it. Charles (born Jenney) was the grandson of Sir Vauncey Harpur-Crewe, the last baronet of Calke Abbey in Derbyshire. The Calke Abbey estate had passed down the female line until Charles (now called Harpur-Crewe) inherited it in 1949.
The Harpur-Crewe’s estate holdings were very large; apart from Calke abbey and the thousand or so acres of parkland immediately adjoining it, they had some 9,000 acres of land in Staffordshire, Derbyshire and Leicestershire, for the most part let to agricultural tenants, and also about 3,000 acres of moorland in the Staffordshire Peak District.
Charles Harpur-Crewe was unmarried, shy, retiring and had made Calke Abbey one of the most impenetrable country houses in England. He had very little to do with other Derbyshire landowners and preferred to converse with his tenant farmers. In 1961 he served as High Sheriff of Derbyshire and was a hereditary governor of Repton School, a member of South Derbyshire District Council and Chairman of the local Conservative Party.¹⁵
Patrick O’Connor, a jockey who rode horses for Charles’ younger brother, Henry Harpur-Crewe, described a meeting with Charles Harpur-Crewe in 1981:-
“First impressions of Harpur-Crewe certainly didn’t fit the image of what one would expect of an aristocrat, owner of large tracts of land and former Lord Lieutenant of Derbyshire. He was untidily dressed and had an unfriendly look in his eye that had probably been honed to intimidating perfection dealing with tradesmen and troublesome employees on his estate.”¹⁶
Harpur-Crewe probably wanted Breadsall Priory for its land rather than the house. The purchase came with uncertainty and he wrestled for most of his life with large death duties and had little or no money to spend.
The eccentric Charles Arthur Richard Harpur-Crewe (1917-1981) (National Trust)
In September 1971 David Cox, a hotel owner and property developer, visited Breadsall Priory while it lay empty. He wrote:-
“The Priory’s a superb old building and it’s ideal for the purpose I’ve got in mind. I want people to be able to go there for golf, swimming, squash, all sorts of recreational purposes, and just relax in a good club atmosphere. When it’s finished there won’t be anything like it in the country.”
It is likely that David Cox’s approach to Charles Harpur-Crewe was a difficult and complicated affair. We know that Harpur-Crewe was a stubborn man and planning and legal delays meant it wasn’t until October 1974 that permission was finally granted. Cox signed a long lease to convert Breadsall Priory into a country house hotel and golf complex.
Cox set about refurbishing the sad and empty house. The dining room was turned into the Elizabethan Restaurant and Rothwell’s organ was dismantled to make way for the new hotel reception. The Billiard Room became the Oak Room and the Drawing Room was renamed the Wedgewood Room.
A bar, called the Monk’s Bar, was built over the canon’s old washing area, and the 13th century doorway, discovered by Eric Haslam, was made a feature of the room. Cox created 17 bedrooms upstairs and opened for business in May 1976.
Hotel reception in 1976. The staircase on left was removed in 1990 (Derby Evening Telegraph)
Alongside the hotel development, a new golf course was created within the parkland. The course, enhanced with Cumberland turf, was designed by David Cox, John Flanders and Richard Lambert.
The Home Farm building was converted into a club house and in 1977 the Breadsall Priory Golf and Country Club was officially opened.
The gardens, once the pride and joy of the Haslam family, were cleared and restored and the ornamental lake put back in working order.
Charles Harpur-Crewe died in 1981 and inheritance tax problems enforced the sale of the Breadsall Priory estate.
David Cox was able to buy it outright while Calke Abbey passed to the National Trust in 1985.
In 1986 David Cox was approached by Country Club Hotels, a subsidiary of Whitbread PLC, about buying Breadsall Priory. Negotiations over the sale lasted two years and a deal wasn’t concluded until January 1988.
Whitbread and the Marriott Hotel
The purchase by Whitbread marked a significant change for the house. Their first priority was to increase the number of bedrooms to 92 by constructing a new bedroom block. A leisure complex was also added using old farm buildings and a swimming pool was created in place of the old farmyard.
More importantly a restoration programme was carried out on the old house and a new kitchen block was built alongside.
The golf facilities were also improved with the creation of the Moorland course and a new pavilion which opened in 1992.
Breadsall Priory Hotel Golf and Country Club opened in 1990.
In 1996 Whitbread obtained the franchise rights for the Marriott name in Great Britain and the hotel was rebranded as the Marriott Breadsall Hotel and Country Club.
A new accommodation block, with 24 bedrooms, was built in 1997.
As a salute to its former owners a number of rooms were renamed to become the Haslam, Darwin and Morley Rooms.
Whitbread sold its portfolio of 46 Marriott hotels to the Royal Bank of Scotland (RBS) in 2006. The deal, reported to be £954m, allowed the Marriott Corporation to operate the hotels on behalf of the new owner.
RBS eventually sold the chain to the British Virgin Islands-based Professional Ventures Corporation (PVC) for £1.1bn in 2007.
In 2008 Marriott refurbished the historic meeting rooms, leisure complex, restaurant and golf facilities at Breadsall Priory. However, there were still troubled times ahead.
In 2011 it was reported that the Marriott hotels chain had been placed in administrative receivership after PVC failed to make loan repayments.
RBS, the majority lender on the debt, regained control of the property portfolio and eventually sold the chain, including Breadsall Priory, to the Abu Dhabi Investment Authority (ADIA) for £640m in 2013.
Breadsall Priory is now regarded as the oldest Marriott hotel in the world.
The north and east front. Former estate buildings are in the background (House and Heritage)
Modern-day east front with castellated entrance leading into the reception (House and Heritage)
The turret on the tower was removed during World War Two to avoid Breadsall Priory being used as a landmark for German bombers heading for Derby (House and Heritage)
The gardens were restored in the 1970s and the pond cleared of weeds. The glories of Eric Haslam Seale’s gardens are long forgotten but still provide pleasant surroundings (House and Heritage)
The south front at Breadsall Priory in 2016. All that remains of the terrace gardens are the original stone steps heading down towards the ornamental pond (House and Heritage)
Breadsall Priory has developed as a country house hotel. Modern accommodation blocks were added to the west of the house in 1988 and 1997 (House and Heritage)
References:-
The process of writing this post has been made considerably easier due to the chronology of events and extensive research already carried out by Nick Redman . An excellent account of its evolution is included in his book An Illustrated History of Breadsall Priory (2009) which proved invaluable and is quoted often.
¹Aris’s Birmingham Gazette (23 May 1842)
²Derby Mercury (28 Mar 1860)
³White Ironstone Notes (Winter 2011)
⁴Derby Daily Telegraph (8 Jun 1883)
⁵Kent and Sussex Courier (30 Jul 1920)
⁶Pall Mall Gazette (2 Feb 1897)
⁷Derby Daily Telegraph (13 Jan 1927)
⁸National Archives
⁹Derby Daily Telegraph (20 Aug 1914)
¹ºDerby Daily Telegraph (18 Mar 1937)
¹¹Derby Daily Telegraph (30 Apr 1932)
¹²Derby Daily Telegraph (6 May 1936)
¹³Derby Daily Telegraph (1 Jul 1942)/Derby Daily Telegraph (3 Sep 1942)
¹⁴Derby Daily Telegraph (6 Oct 1943)/Derby Daily Telegraph (19 Nov 1943)
¹⁵Calke Abbey (Harold Colvin). National Trust 1989
¹⁶Glorious Obsessions of Calke Abbey (Patrick O’Connor) Patrick O’Connor 2013
Notes:-
*Eric Seale Haslam, continued in the family business, renamed the Derby Pure Ice and Cold Storage Company. In 1928, the Haslam Foundry Company was taken over by the electrical engineers Newton Brothers Ltd who changed its name, in 1935, to Newton Brothers Ltd. But the refrigeration side was bought in 1935 by L Sterne & Company Ltd of Glasgow who had been making refrigeration machinery since about 1882.
Louis Sterne died in 1953; the company continuing in the refrigeration business until it virtually ceased trading in 1961, being acquired by Prestcold Ltd, owned by British Leyland, in 1968. The Sterne name was phased out in 1971. The name ‘Derby Pure Ice and Cold Storage Company’ was liquidated in 1976.
Breadsall Priory Marriott Hotel & Country Club
Moor Road, Morley, Derby, DE7 6DL
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THE MOVIE CHALLENGES
BONUS FEATURE – JOHN GARFIELD
John Garfield was a tough guy with a weak heart. Both qualities were a consequence of his childhood. A heavy dose of scarlet fever left Garfield with the damaged heart. His impoverished childhood meant he ran wild on the streets of New York. He even sampled the life of a hobo. The opening sentence of the novella The Postman Always Rings Twice by James M Cain is one of the best ever; ‘They threw me off the hay truck about noon.’ After that the beginning of the movie was destined to be an anti-climax, and it would have been except that it was authentic tough guy John Garfield falling off the back of the truck. The novella by Cain was sexy and a little twisted. The movie was censored by the Motion Picture Production Code but the bureaucrats could do nothing about the lusty expectation in the eyes of Garfield and the open mouth simper of Lana Turner. The movie was a big hit. Audiences liked Turner and Garfield. If Turner was sexy and beautiful, the appeal of Garfield was more complicated.
John Garfield was an actor rated by both the critics and his peers. He had a naturalistic style that anticipated Brando and an intensity that could be compared to Cagney. Garfield can be described as the link between the two actors and the different acting traditions. Garfield, like Cagney, was a physical actor. In his performances he holds a cigarette and a telephone as if they are weapons. When he turns the pages of a newspaper, he concentrates in a way that insists we think about the information he is absorbing. There are many fabulous moments in his career and more than a few in his greatest movie, the best ever film noir Force Of Evil. At one point in Force Of Evil, Garfield walks through a corridor. He is a lawyer, and running is not permissible. To let us know that he is determined, Garfield tilts his shoulder so that it is at an angle to the floor and he walks in a line that is not quite straight. The gesture is an exaggerated way of communicating determination but it is also audacious and it succeeds.
Actors who shared a similar background to Garfield could provide physical authenticity but struggled with subtle dialogue. John Garfield also had a good ear. Nothing in his career was as challenging as the dialogue in Force Of Evil. In subsequent interviews the director Abraham Polonsky claimed that the dialogue in the film was not the blank verse the critics assumed. According to Polonsky, he did nothing more than sprinkle some repetition and add poetical rhythm. Whatever we are listening to, Garfield is adept. He provides a lyrical lilt and adds tension to the pauses.
His heart, and perhaps his background, caused the death of the actor in 1952. John Garfield was 39 years old. In the previous year he made his last film He Ran All The Way. Weariness, which may have had something to do with what was happening in his life, informed a convincing performance. Garfield played Nick Robey an amoral criminal who is without pity for his victims. But, because of the acting by Garfield, we understand that the criminal is a wounded animal. Nick Robey, like many others, never had a chance. Critics and fellow actors understood the skill of Garfield. The rest of us approved of him because he appeared to be like the people we knew, an ordinary man, cocky but shy, arrogant but insecure, loud but wary, innocent but tricky and cunning. In the 40s there was no one like Garfield and that still applied when his movies appeared on British TV many years later.
Not all the movies that John Garfield made were great but that has something to do with him having to do what he was told by Hollywood. Before the end of his career he co-founded the independent production company The Enterprise Studio. The nine films made by the studio are a mixed bunch. They include Westerns, comedies and romantic dramas. None are awful but three are important. Caught is a fine film noir from the great director Max Ophuls, and Body And Soul and Force Of Evil are the two classics. These two were made because of the independence and single-mindedness of The Enterprise Studio. The later blacklisted Abraham Polonsky wrote the scripts for both films and he directed Force Of Evil.
For all of his life Polonsky believed that capitalism was a flawed economic and social system. The movies, though, are not tainted by pedestrian dialectic. Polonsky liked to suggest rather than preach. Right wing cynics assumed that he nailed the flaws in human nature. Left wing rebels secretly waved the flag under their cinema seat. In both of the Polonsky films Garfield plays a man who has ambition, someone who wants money and what and whom it buys. He is always, though, more than mere gluttony and appetites. Fear feeds his ambition. The moments of conscience are sparse but believable.
In a better world it would have been different. Garfield would have lived until he was old, Polonsky would not have been blacklisted, and more great films from the two men would have followed. Instead of being restricted to being a movie icon of the 40s, Garfield would have accepted the offer of the part of Stanley Kowalski in A Streetcar Named Desire. Because of his involvement with The Enterprise Studio, Garfield said no, and Brando took the role. Marlon was so good people looked to the future rather than remember the past. The memory and contribution of John Garfield was obscured by the hard-hitting realism of Brando and the daring of Tennessee Williams. It could have been different. Brando would have arrived whatever Garfield had done. If Garfield had claimed the part of Kowalski, the two men might have shaped and shared the decade and what followed.
It did not happen. Garfield stayed in Hollywood and made two classic movies but was persecuted by the House Committee on Un-American Activities. His wife had been a member of the Communist Party. The accepted opinion is that Garfield was a left leaning liberal. In his testimony to the House Committee he condemned Communism. He proclaimed himself to be a patriot and a Democrat. During the Second World War he made a few patriotic flag wavers, again they included a couple of classics, Air Force and Destination Tokyo. In Hollywood there were creative talents who were committed to Marxist ideology. The House Committee wanted names of what they regarded as fellow conspirators. There was no conspiracy just a few people exchanging ideas and theory but the lack of a sinister plot was no deterrent to the members of the Committee. Left wing writers and directors were put under pressure to reveal names, and the majority buckled. John Garfield had less reason than others to resist. He was asked to identify people who had political opinions with which he disagreed. Resist, though, he did. John Garfield had his tough guy ethics, the code of the street and his social class. He refused to give names. When he had to do something other than pretend to be a hero, John Garfield delivered. His two children both became actors. His inspiration reached beyond the movie screen and into an admiring family.
The authenticity of John Garfield was a key factor in his success as a movie actor yet the truth is he had more than that. He was handsome from certain angles but ordinary in others. He convinced both as a lover and warrior. His politics were inspired by decency rather than theory. The performances of Garfield remind an audience that he has not forgotten what it is like to suffer and be powerless. He is always a dominant personality but in many of his films he qualifies as the victim. If his characters become rich, they have to battle and take knocks. He was persuasive as a boxer but also as a gangster with an aching heart. And he also held his own against magnetic female stars such as Lana Turner, Bette Davis and Joan Crawford.
Apart from the Polonsky duo there are two other films where Garfield and his sense of what capricious life means for ordinary people puts him in a special class. These are The Sea Wolf and They Made Me A Criminal. The latter is a piece of tosh. The happy ending is unbelievable yet a relief because that is what anyone watching wants for Garfield. The Sea Wolf is based on the fine novel by Jack London. The adaptation shelves the second half of the book, which is okay because people had to get home after watching the film. A sequel would have been welcome because we could have watched Garfield and Ida Lupino battle the privations of life on a remote island. But maybe the solitary hero was not in the nature of John Garfield. He may have been a lonely man when he appeared in front of the House Committee on Un-American activities but his heroism was always defined by his sympathy for the victims of the powerful. In The Sea Wolf he is the rebellious George Leach who struggles against the cruel captain Wolf Larsen. Garfield does what he does best. He resists and protests. It is how he will be remembered.
Howard Jackson has had seven books published by Red Rattle Books including novels, short stories, a travel book and collections of film criticism. If you are interested in original horror and crime fiction and want information about the books of Howard Jackson and the other great titles at Red Rattle Books, click here.
Posted in A Streetcar Named Desire, Abraham Polonski, Air Force - movie, Bette Davis, Caught - movie, Force Of Evil - movie, James Cagney, James M Cain, John Garfield, Lana Turner, Marlon Brando, Max Ophuls, The Enterprise Studio, The Postman Always Rings Twice, Uncategorized and tagged cinema, Culture, film criticism, Hollywood, USA culture on January 20, 2018 by Howard Jackson.
HIGH NOON AND JEREMY CORBYN
Apart from Psycho there is no Hollywood B Movie as polished or as crafted as High Noon. The simple plot of High Noon was why the film lasted no more than 82 minutes. Later the work of director Fred Zinnemann became dull and worthy but even on a mammoth middlebrow bore like A Man For All Seasons his technical skills and intelligence prevailed. Before he became fashionable, Zinnemann made two fine low budget crime movies. Kid Glove Killer is slight and light but has irresistible charm. The two heroes reflect the decent values that made Zinnemann a civilised individual. Their relationship hints at the possibilities that exist for the principled and capable. Act Of Violence is a dark film noir. The great Van Heflin stars in both films. In High Noon Grace Kelly may be too young, beautiful and East Coast upper class for a one horse western town but most of the time Zinnemann recognised a talented actor. Marlon Brando was one of many offered the part of Sheriff Will Kane in High Noon. Brando would have been fabulous and he was the right age for the part of Kane. Gary Cooper was not only old; he was not well. But despite his physical limitations Gary Cooper is perfect as Sheriff Will Kane.
High Noon is neither the best film nor the best Western that Cooper appeared in but, as always, he mixes anxiety and strength to reveal a limited but honourable man of practical violence. His virtues are inspiring and transcendental. Kane is patient, cautious, able to weigh options and to be courageous. Sheriff Will Kane does not use the word integrity but he understands the meaning of responsibility. One scene deserves to be mentioned. His single enthusiastic volunteer discovers that Kane has been unable to acquire more men to help face the Miller gang. Now aware that there is a real possibility that he could be killed the volunteer hands in his temporary badge. Kane says little about the betrayal but thanks to the subtle changes in the expressions on the face of Cooper we watch a lonely man understand his own limitations, recognise the weaknesses in others and appreciate his fate and the conspiracy that is beyond human betrayal.
High Noon would have had more political resonance if the townspeople had applied pressure to a Quaker wife who had persuaded her husband to renounce violence. Kane is neither a moderate nor a pacifist. Carl Foreman wrote the script and, because he had been a member of the Communist Party, he was investigated by the House Un-American Activities Committee. The Russian Government, though, condemned High Noon as same old American individualism. Stalin had his faults but, as Eisenstein discovered, he could analyse a movie. The old monster may have had a point.
But, despite the reservations of Uncle Joe, High Noon still works both as an account of the struggle between pragmatism and integrity and as a commentary on what was happening in Hollywood. Will Kane is normally a self-sufficient Sheriff but against the Miller gang he needs help. Kane thinks his decision to face Frank Miller is common sense. If he does not, Miller will be able to follow him to another town. At least if he stays put Kane has friends and those obliged to be loyal because of his previous work as a Sheriff. The people of the town have a choice, back Sheriff Will Kane against the Miller gang but risk death and injury or accommodate the villains and sell them food and drink to make extra money. This metaphor makes sense both as an explanation of what movie folk did to preserve their careers and of how we accept the iniquities of capitalism.
The resistance to Kane exists amongst the outsiders, the ordinary people who just want to have fun and enjoy life and the moralists who like to think they have a conscience and understand decency. The outsiders consist of an ambitious and troubled Deputy, the Quaker wife of Kane, and his ex-mistress who may or may not have been a whore before she acquired the saloon. There is an ambiguous moment in a conversation. The pause refers either to the Mexican nationality or the dubious past of the mistress. It is an elliptical highlight in an economical script. The people who want to have fun are the men in the bar who prefer to be left alone to have a drink and who are not too particular about their drinking partners. These are the willing dupes of the men who view the arrival of the Miller gang as a business opportunity. ‘We’re gonna have a big day today,’ says the barman. Kane is abandoned by the outsiders and dismissed by the fun lovers in the saloon. Life is too short for anything but fun, and the drinkers do not want to be interrupted. Kane confronts the moralists and the thoughtful in the church. These people are willing to debate the issue. The congregation is persuaded by the speech of the Mayor. The speech is impressive because it presents an alternative view to that of the filmmakers. Unable to counter the eloquent arguments of the Mayor, Kane leaves to prepare for a violent contest that is likely to result in his death. As he leaves the church, children are playing a tug of war. At the end of their game all the children collapse on the ground. Debate is important but it is always undermined by self-interest and partisanship. The church appears to have little to do with religion but is merely a place where the timid can huddle together and pretend they have principles.
Kane the virtuous man is more of a threat to the order and lives of the townspeople than the criminal elements. The immoral can be distanced by social hierarchy and utilised for business and profit. Instead of being shamed by Kane the townspeople dismiss his integrity as stubbornness. Even the original movie poster was ambivalent. It hailed a ‘man too stubborn to leave town’.
Jeremy Corbyn has also been described as stubborn. His friends and admirers regard him as principled and resolute. Others have described him as narcissistic. This is an easy accusation because integrity will always have its narcissistic element. Integrity depends on the mirror and what we are prepared to accept when we face our reflection. Cooper is admirable in High Noon because his resistance requires personal strength but he also has a figure that looks good as it strolls a dusty boardwalk. We like the way he looks. The protests of Corbyn against an economic system that has been reshaped by neoliberals have been resented by many MPs in the Labour Party. These MPs have sounded like the drinkers in the saloon in High Noon, people who argue that change may spoil their fun. The economic system may be unfairly balanced against the powerless but life is too short to be interrupted by serious protest.
The principles and values of Corbyn have never been compromised by the fear of defeat. His work ethic is impressive, and his commitment and energy are a match for any self-made man. In the 2017 election it appeared until the exit poll as if he would suffer a humiliating result. Prior to the campaign he had been mocked and attacked by a hostile British press. The lies about his character had been relentless. Corbyn persisted against entrenched levels of resistance. He behaved as if he was a key figure in the progress of history. In the 2017 election Corbyn campaigned on a manifesto that aimed to stimulate economic growth and contained proposals that would benefit working families. Nothing in the manifesto, though, suggested revolution or the weakening of the capitalist hegemony on British society. If it was radical, it was only because all the other politicians and mainstream journalists had huddled in their church and pretended that their supposedly informed debate had consequence and merit.
Corbyn may appear to have the demeanour of a revolutionary but his ambition appears to consist of nothing more than improving lives. His message has been described as cuddly socialism, and it is an apt phrase because Corbyn has more cuddles than most. He is not like normal politicians, those who prosper in huddles around utilitarian arguments. Like Will Kane, he has been obliged to walk alone along the dusty boardwalk, knowing that others have ridiculed and condemned him. He may not have had to face death at the end of the street but for most of his life his efforts, which have been considerable, have resulted in predictable defeat.
Kane is victorious at the end of High Noon. His victory requires luck, mistakes by his adversaries and assistance from someone who does not share his principles. Brexit divided the Labour Party but it helped Corbyn to attract some Remain voters, which is why some journalists have said Corbyn was lucky. The psychological chaos that is Theresa May ensured her campaign was error driven, and there were more than a few people who voted for Corbyn despite having a real antipathy to anything that suggests change and a refusal to compromise.
Corbyn has not yet won an election but he achieved a result this year that has transformed British politics. No one can have faith in the judgement of the British electorate and its decision-making. The effort and integrity of those interested in social and economic change may make little difference to the history of Britain. Corbyn and his followers, though, have the satisfaction of treading a boardwalk that others have sidestepped. Sometimes there will be dust to taste in the mouth. Most of the time, though, the air should feel fresh and clean.
Howard Jackson has had six books published by Red Rattle Books including novels, short stories and Horror Pickers, a collection of film criticism. If you are interested in original horror and crime fiction and want information about the books of Howard Jackson and the other great titles at Red Rattle Books, click here.
Posted in Act Of Violence - movie, British Labour Party, Carl Foreman, Fred Zinnemann, Gary Cooper, Grace Kelly, High Noon - movie, House UnAmerican Activities Committee, Jeremy Corbyn, Kid Glove Killer - movie, Marlon Brando, Psycho - movie, Sergei Eisenstein, Uncategorized and tagged Culture, film criticism, politics, USA cinema, Western movies on September 2, 2017 by Howard Jackson.
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Jennifer Howell with her Barbie portrait by Beau Dunn
Print of Linda Ronstadt a collaboration by Henry Diltz and Russell Young; Sculpture on table by David Grieco
LEFT - Print of Joni Mitchell by Henry Diltz and Russell Young; RIGHT - HEAVEN neon sign by Anthony James
Gun print by James Georgopoulos
RIGHT - Framed Piece by Russell Young
Artworks on wall include pieces by Shepard Fairey, Marcus Howell, and Ben Folds
LEFT - Painting by Chris Cuseo; RIGHT - Painting of brother by Thom Bierdz hangs in Howell’s closet
Jennifer Howell
Interview by Naomi deLuce Wilding
Images by Alex Aristei
“I believe that art heals the soul, and if we can
turn to an act of creation during any time of suffering,
we transcend the confines of the situation.”
— JENNIFER HOWELL
NAOMI DELUCE WILDING
Born and raised in West Wales, Naomi deLuce Wilding moved to Los Angeles in 2000, where she began a career as a fashion stylist. In 2014, she and her husband, Anthony Cran, opened Wilding Cran Gallery in the LA Arts District. The gallery serves as a platform to support local and universal social causes through arts education programming and philanthropic work. Naomi also works as an ambassador for The Elizabeth Taylor AIDS Foundation, established by her grandmother Elizabeth Taylor in 1991, which donates 100% of every dollar to helping people affected by HIV/AIDS.
ART OF ELYSIUM
A non-profit organization founded by Jennifer Howell in 1997, The Art of Elysium began as a project to bring art and inspiration to patients at the Los Angeles Children’s Hospital and has expanded include various populations in need of service and support. Howell was born in Hattiesburg, Mississippi, and relocated to LA after graduation from Emerson College. Howell’s philanthropic work has given many artists a chance to enact social change through Art of Elysium’s workshops in a variety of creative disciplines.
Jennifer Howell is the founder of The Art of Elysium, an organisation which works to make art a catalyst for social change by bringing creativity and inspiration to children, artists and various populations in need of service and support. They provide workshops in the following disciplines: fashion design, fine arts, music, theater/media arts and arts-based self-esteem.
Notable volunteers include Amber Heard, Ali Larter, Hayes MacArthur, David Arquette, Elijah Wood, James Franco, Kirsten Dunst and Eva Mendes. The organisation has also collaborated with Colleen Atwood, Rain Phoenix, Moby, Linda Perry, Cameron Silver, Mark Mothersbaugh, Shepard Fairey, Jim Sheridan, Marina Abramovic and Marc Jacobs for their visionary fundraising events.
Naomi deLuce Wilding: So I know you’re actually from from Hattiesburg, Mississippi and that you came to Los Angeles after film school because you wanted to write and direct. How did that evolve into what you’re doing now? Was there something that happened to you in your life that suddenly made you want to be of service or help others in some way?
Jennifer Howell: I started The Art of Elysium in 1997. I had lost a very good friend to Leukemia. His name was Steven Hatton. He was diagnosed our senior year of high school, and we did a bone marrow drive and found a match. He went into what we believed to be full remission, but the first year I was out here, he relapsed. His girlfriend called and said I needed to come home because he probably wouldn’t make it, and when I got there he was very sick. When I saw him for the last time, he told me that he wished someone would do something for children who had no one in the hospital with them. Really all I’ve ever known or truly been passionate about is art, and so all I knew to do was get together artists and take them to these children. Through that process, I quickly learned that there is so much more we can do through the power of art, and although we started with children in hospitals, we want to help other areas of need and really bridge the gap between artists and people who need to be healed.
NW: In what way do you feel that you’re reaching people? How would you describe the ways in which you and your organisation are helping or educating others, and how do you seek to inspire people with your actions?
JH: I am always very careful to say to people that we are an artist’s charity first. I believe that the charity most impacts the world by impacting the artists who are the hands to make the mission happen. If those are the people that we’re shining a spotlight on in the artistic community, and they grow, and we nurture that philanthropic community of artists, those are the biggest microphones to the rest of the world that we will ever have. So if you see children idolising, and the people who they look up to are actually being of service, they’re going to be able to impact so many more. I think I realised that pretty early on, when in the early years of the charity I oversaw every single program. I took every musician, artist, fashion designer, and I would see the work happening in the hospitals and see how the children, families and doctors were impacted. But what really blew me away without fail was, every time we left a workshop, hearing the effect that giving had on the artists themselves.
I do believe that it’s in giving that we receive, that the children we’re able to serve, those in the homeless community we’re able to serve, the elders we’re able to serve, the gift that they give us is allowing us to give. I think that is the greater message of this organisation, and the way I see this charity giving back the most is by creating a community of like-minded people who see that being of service is the greatest thing you can do in the world.
“That was the moment I understood that art
is the reflection of society,
and that artists are the narrators
of what is truly going on in the world.”
NW: Do you feel, or hope, that many of the patients whose lives were touched by The Art of Elysium’s programs will one day be inspired to do similar work helping others in their own lives?
JH: I feel that the patients we work with are inspired to look at their world through a different lens by participating in our workshops. I hope that they themselves, their siblings, their parents or their doctors and nurses are inspired to keep creating a different reality for themselves. I believe that art heals the soul, and if we can turn to an act of creation during any time of suffering, we transcend the confines of the situation.
NW: How do you feel about the rising creative scene in LA?
JH: LA is the new Berlin, it’s the new hub of the world!
NW: Do you think (as I do) that organisations such as your own, which not only celebrate artists but are incorporating them into communities of service, are in a way contributing to the current artistic renaissance of Los Angeles?
JH: I would love to say that, but I think that so many artists came here because it was a new frontier, and I think that with the timing of when the charity started, we have been able to grow up with a lot of these pioneering LA artists. I would say that the reason The Art of Elysium has grown, and the way it has grown, is because of the art movement in LA.
NW: Who influenced you growing up and who influences you today?
JH: My biggest influence growing up was David Lynch after seeing Wild at Heart. He is definitely the person who inspired me to go to film school, and that decision was the beginning to everything that The Art of Elysium has done. Prince was another big influence. When I was about 13 or 14, Lovesexy was released, and I remember our preacher telling us not to buy the album. I was so fascinated that I immediately went out and got it. It amazed me that art could stir up so much controversy, that people would be told not to listen to music. That was the moment when I understood that art is the reflection of society, and that artists are the narrators of what is truly going on in the world.
NW: Can you tell us a bit about where you’re hoping to take The Art of Elysium in the future?
JH: I feel that every day there is a new opportunity – that is the infinite power of creativity. Whenever you bring together artists that have a million new ideas, it’s ever-changing and ever-growing.
This year, we really would like to expand beyond the children’s hospitals, elder care facilities and the homeless community and into prisons and veteran’s hospitals. We’re really striving to build a philanthropic studio which would be a self-sustaining financial model for this organisation, where we are self-funded by the artists who are the hands of our mission. We want to get beyond needing donations. We want to be self-sustaining, so that we can build an endowment and go beyond Los Angeles and New York. We could go to every city where there are people in need of inspiration through art. The potential is limitless.
Cayucas
Interview with Mathieu Santos
The Overnight
Judith Godrèche & Patrick Brice
Rodrigo Amarante
Interview by Antony Langdon & Performance
Kodi Smit-McPhee
Interview by Jake Orrall & Performance
Jason McLean
Interview with Ryan Sluggett
Interview by Kevin Morby
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Foundation stone for Jewar airport laid
The central government laid the foundation stone for the Jewar greenfield international airport in Greater Noida on March 9, 2019. Earlier, on March 1, 2019, the Noida Authority had announced a budgetary allocation of Rs […]
Vistara receives permission to fly abroad
The Ministry of Civil Aviation has finally given consent to Vistara Airlines’ proposal for launching international operations. The airline had planned to commence international operations in 2018 after meeting the requirement of 20 aircraft and […]
Jet Airways defaults on lease rentals, resolution plan yet to be finalised
Jet Airways, which is reeling under a financial crisis, has defaulted on aircraft lease rental payments owed to MC Aviation Partners since October 2018, though the aircraft lessor is yet to issue a repossession notice […]
Uttar Pradesh government allocates funds for Jewar under Budget 2019-20
The Uttar Pradesh government, under the state budget 2019-20, has allocated Rs 8 billion for development of the proposed Jewar greenfield airport. As soon as the earmarked funds are transferred to the district administration, construction […]
MoUs signed for Dholera airport in Gujarat and Dhalbhumgarh airport in Jharkhand
The Gujarat government signed an MoU with the Airports Authority of India (AAI) for development of the Dholera (Federa) International Airport on January 19, 2019. As per the MoU, Dholera airport will be developed in […]
Foundation stones laid for Bhoguparam airport; terminal buildings at Visakhapatnam and Tiruchirapalli airports
The central government laid the foundation stone for the Bhogapuram greenfield international airport project (Vizianagaram) on February 14, 2019. The project will be developed at an investment of Rs 42.09 billion on a public-private partnership […]
Foundation stone laid for Phase II Chennai airport modernisation project
The central government laid the foundation stone for Phase II of the Chennai airport modernisation project on February 10, 2019. The modernisation works, expected to involve at an investment of Rs 24.67 billion, include enhancement […]
Prevalent Technologies
Tunnel construction is critically dependent on geotechnical investigations, as these offer the best inputs for identifying the most efficient technique …Read More »
Gains and Losses
Total traffic at Indian ports stood at 1,209 million tonnes (mt) in 2017-18, having grown at a compound annual growth …Read More »
Increasing Offtake
With the growing number and increasing complexity of infrastructure projects in the country, the demand for tunnel development has gained …Read More »
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U.S. And Israel Have Prepared Military Options To Attack Iran
March 9, 2012 March 3, 2012 by Infinite
– US shipping hundreds of powerful bunker buster bombs for coming attack on Iran (March 14, 2010):
“They are gearing up totally for the destruction of Iran,” said Dan Plesch, director of the Centre for International Studies and Diplomacy at the University of London, co-author of a recent study on US preparations for an attack on Iran. “US bombers are ready today to destroy 10,000 targets in Iran in a few hours,” he added.
From the Bloomberg article ( March 1, 2012):
” … sustained attacks with the Air Force’s 30,000-pound (13,608 kilograms) “Bunker-buster” bombs” …
… that contain depleted (or even enriched uranium):
– Interview With Prof. Dr. Busby And Leuren Moret – Fallujah, Fukushima And The Global Radiation Catastrophe … Exposing Worldwide Depopulation And Genocide
– Interview With Prof. Dr. Busby And Leuren Moret – Fallujah, Fukushima And The Global Radiation Catastrophe … And The Fascist New World Order
– New (Enriched Uranium – Neutron) Bombs And War Crimes In Fallujah By Jim Fetzer, Leuren Moret, And Christopher Busby (Veterans Today, Nov. 3, 2011)
– Armed Forces Minister SORRY For Misleading MPs Over Depleted Uranium
– The Doctor, The Depleted Uranium, And The Dying Children – US War Crimes Exposed (Documentary)
– Prof. Chris Busby On RT: US Used ENRICHED URANIUM WEAPONS On Iraq (Video)
– US War Crimes In Iraq, Using Depleted Uranium – Prof. Chris Busby: Fallujah DNA Damages Much, Much Worse Than Hiroshima
– Iraq: Fallujah Doctors Report Dramatic Rise In Birth Defects (BBC News)
– What Depleted Uranium Does to Children in Iraq: Japanese Journalist
– Depleted Uranium Shells Worse Than Nuclear Weapons:
Inhaled or ingested DU particles are highly toxic, and DU has been classified as an illegal weapon of mass destruction by the United Nations.
“More than ten times the amount of radiation released during atmospheric testing [of nuclear bombs] has been released from DU weaponry since 1991,” said Leuren Moret, a U.S. nuclear scientist.
“The genetic future of the Iraqi people, for the most part, is destroyed. The environment now is completely radioactive.”
“Because DU has a half-life of 4.5 billion years, the Middle East will, for all practical purposes, be radioactive forever.”
– U.S. Talking Tougher About Iran as Netanyahu Visit Approaches (Bloomberg, Mar 1, 2012):
Obama administration officials are escalating warnings that the U.S. could join Israel in attacking Iran if the Islamic republic doesn’t dispel concerns that its nuclear-research program is aimed at producing weapons.
Four days before Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu is scheduled to arrive in Washington, Air Force Chief of Staff General Norton Schwartz told reporters the Joint Chiefs of Staff have prepared military options to strike Iranian nuclear sites in the event of a conflict.
“What we can do, you wouldn’t want to be in the area,” Schwartz told reporters in Washington yesterday.
Pentagon officials said military options being prepared start with providing aerial refueling for Israeli planes and include attacking the pillars of the clerical regime, including the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps and its elite Qods Force, regular Iranian military bases and the Ministry of Intelligence and Security. The officials spoke on condition of anonymity because Pentagon plans are classified.
“There’s no group in America more determined to prevent Iran from achieving a nuclear weapon than the Joint Chiefs of Staff,” Joint Chiefs Chairman Army General Martin Dempsey told the House Budget Committee yesterday. “I can assure you of that.”
Separately, unnamed U.S. officials told the Washington Post that U.S. military planners are increasingly confident that sustained attacks with the Air Force’s 30,000-pound (13,608 kilograms) “bunker-buster” bombs could put Iran’s deeply buried uranium-enrichment plant at Fordo out of commission.
Meetings Failing
The latest American warnings of possible military action against Iran come after meetings between top Israeli and Obama administration officials failed to resolve differences over when an attack would become necessary, according to officials of both countries who have participated in the discussions.
Most Israelis oppose a unilateral attack on Iran’s nuclear facilities if it doesn’t have U.S. support, the Globes financial daily said, citing a survey conducted by the Washington-based Brookings Institute. Only 19 percent of Israelis support their country striking Iran without U.S. backing, Globes said.
Will to Act
“Because there is uncertainty about the administration’s will to act in the Israelis’ minds, and more importantly in the Iranians’ minds, it’s very important that we don’t just say that all options are on the table, but also show that they are, by some overt means,” Representative Mike Rogers, a Michigan Republican who heads the House Intelligence Committee and was one of the recent visitors to Israel, said in a phone interview.
Other U.S. officials spoke only on condition of anonymity because the discussions have been private and because the administration is trying to reassure Israel and its American supporters of its determination while also tamping down fears that are helping drive up oil prices.
Iranian leaders are using the bellicose talk to draw voters for tomorrow’s parliamentary elections, the first since a disputed vote in 2009 that sparked mass riots.
The ballot “will be a slap in the face of enemies of the nation,” Supreme Leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei said on his website yesterday, urging voters to “stand tall and show your determination” by taking part. Parliament Speaker Ali Larijani last week called the election “a big step to preserve the dignity of the Iranian nation.” Israel declined to comment.
About 48 million Iranians are eligible to vote and more than 3,400 candidates have been cleared to compete for the 290 seats in the assembly, known as the Majlis.
The most significant difference between the U.S. and Israel, said American officials, is where to draw the line on Iran’s atomic program. Parliament doesn’t have power over the country’s foreign policy and the outcome of the race is unlikely to affect Iran’s foreign policy.
Obama administration officials have suggested that the trigger for military action should be a decision by Khamenei to enrich uranium beyond a current level of 20 percent that supports nuclear-power generation to a weapons-grade level 85 or 90 percent.
U.S. and Israeli intelligence officials said they agree that such a decision would be hard to detect until sometime after it had been made.
Israel is more concerned about Iran’s missile and nuclear- weapon technology programs while the U.S. is focused on the Persian Gulf nation’s uranium-enrichment activities, the Israeli officials said.
Targets Measured
Iranian nuclear facilities at Natanz and Fordo would be difficult to destroy because they were built to withstand air attacks. Israel, which has the 5,000 pound GBU-28 bomb, said its ability to strike is underestimated, according to the officials.
Iran’s warhead and weaponization facilities at the military complexes at Parchin and Bidganeh and elsewhere are more vulnerable, at least for now, the Israeli officials said, according to Americans who met with them.
Iran barred International Atomic Energy Agency inspectors from the Parchin site in February, and a still-unexplained Nov. 14 explosion at the Bidganeh missile base killed an Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps general.
The Israelis said what worries them is that Iran could complete work on warheads, triggers, neutron reflectors and the other ingredients of a nuclear weapon or move that work to harder-to-hit facilities.
Intelligence Report
A recent U.S. intelligence analysis concluded that if Iran can get its centrifuges to produce weapons-grade uranium and assemble in different locations the 33-44 pounds of material needed for a weapon, a delivery system and other necessary components, it could build an atomic weapon in two months, said two U.S. officials who have read the analysis.
Further underscoring the timing issue, U.S. and Israeli officials have concluded that Iran may be content with a computer test of a new weapon rather than detonating one in the desert, thanks in part to confidence inspired by what they said is significant North Korean assistance. These officials also spoke only on the basis of anonymity because intelligence matters are classified.
The American officials said their Israeli counterparts are less inclined than the Obama administration is to give the toughening economic sanctions on Iran more time to work for a second reason: They are skeptical that sanctions can ever persuade Iran to abandon its pursuit of an atomic weapon.
Israel’s Role
In different meetings with American counterparts in Washington, Jerusalem and Tel Aviv, Netanyahu, Defense Minister Ehud Barak and Tamir Pardo, the head of Israel’s foreign- intelligence service Mossad, argued that only Israeli military action prevented Iraq and Syria from going nuclear.
They also said witnessing the dictators of non-nuclear Iraq and Libya toppled by or with Western assistance, coupled with a deep sense that Shiite Muslim Iran is entitled to a weapon that Christians, Jews, Sunnis, Hindus, Russia and China all possess, may reinforce Iran’s intentions of continuing to develop a weapon.
High-level visitors have included Barak, Pardo, Vice President Joe Biden, U.S. Defense Secretary Leon Panetta, U.S. Director of National Intelligence James Clapper, CIA Director David Petraeus, Dempsey, U.S. National Security Adviser Tom Donilon, White House adviser Dennis Ross, Rogers and C.A. “Dutch” Ruppersberger, the ranking Democrat on the U.S. House Intelligence Committee.
U.S. Resolve Questioned
These talks have failed to dispel Israeli doubts that President Barack Obama is willing to do whatever is necessary to keep nuclear weapons out of Iranian hands, the American officials said. Barak described a meeting with Panetta yesterday only as “important and useful.”
Netanyahu isn’t convinced Obama will alter his emphasis on sanctions as a mean to change Iranian behavior, U.S. officials said.
Responding to a question during a House Appropriations subcommittee budget hearing yesterday about concerns Israel may attack Iran, Secretary of State Hillary Clinton responded: “Let’s focus on economic sanctions that we have the world behind right now. We believe we’re making progress on the sanctions front.”
U.S. Policies
Iran doesn’t believe the U.S. has the resolution to intervene again in the region, according to the Israeli officials, who cited Washington’s abandonment of former Egyptian President Hosni Mubarak and the limited support given Muammar Qaddafi’s overthrow in Libya. They said Washington succumbed to domestic political pressure in exits from Iraq and Afghanistan.
Finally, the Israelis told some U.S. officials that the administration’s failure to retaliate against Iran for plotting to assassinate the Saudi Arabian ambassador to the U.S. and its inability to get Egypt to free the son of Transportation Secretary Ray LaHood, who is one of 16 American pro-democracy activists charged with operating without government permission, has reinforced an image of American weakness.
Some Republicans share those doubts. Senator Lindsey Graham of South Carolina, a Republican member of the Senate Armed Services Committee, said the Obama administration should be “more clear” in its determination to prevent Iran from acquiring nuclear weapons capability.
“The intelligence community is uncertain about Iranian intentions,” Graham told reporters at a news conference yesterday. “You don’t need to be Sherlock Holmes to figure this out.”
Categories Global News, Politics Tags Barack Obama, Depleted uranium, Global News, Government, Iran, Israel, Military, Nuclear reactors, Obama administration, Politics, U.S., War Crimes Post navigation
‘How Did You Not Notice 24-Year-Olds Were Being Paid $2 Million A Year Who Clearly Didn’t Know Anything?’
Iraq (Video)
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What’s Your Aim, Kim Jong-un?: Revealing His Most Recent Thoughts is out now!
In the Preface, Okawa writes, “It would be like a dream if the mass media in the world, including Japan, were permitted to conduct a completely exclusive interview with Kim Jong-un now. Although a spiritual coverage, this book realized over 70% of that wish.” “What’s Your Aim, Kim Jong-un?” is an English translation of a spiritual interview by Master Ryuho Okawa of Happy Science that was recorded in October 2017. It is an interview with the guardian spirit (or subconscious) of Kim Jong-un, the supreme leader of North Korea. In Japan, there are more than 450 books in the Spiritual Interview series, with over 50 of those also available in English. This time, Happy Science decided to publish this book urgently in order to inform the world of the true aim of leader Kim Jong-un which remains hidden and is one of the major factors of insecurity in the international community. Oftentimes, what is in the subconscious eventually manifests as the person’s actions in reality, so this book is likely to serve as ultra-first rate document in predicting the future events in international politics. For over 30 years, Ryuho Okawa has been conducting spiritual interviews with the spirits of great figures and well-known people who passed away in recent years. Not only that, he has also conducted such interviews with the guardian spirits, or hidden consciousnesses, of living people. Some of these spirits include Jesus Christ, Muhammad, Princess Diana, Steve Jobs and the guardian spirit of Donald Trump. The purpose of conducting spiritual interviews is to prove the existence of the Spirit World, reincarnation and guardian spirits, and to enlighten people of the truth and diversity of the Spirit World. The number and content of these books prove that spiritual messages are not fiction, but rather a real spiritual phenomenon. Quite a few Christians and materialists view spiritual messages as a heresy or doubt the credibility of the messages right from the start. It should be noted, however, that denying the newly revealed Truths, based on old religious knowledge and existing academic knowledge, is a mistake like what the churches did to Galileo—they denied heliocentric theory. Can your intellect honestly accept this spiritual Copernican Revolution in the modern age? Read Okawa’s spiritual interview series and find out…
Publisher: IRH Press (November 30, 2017)
Thinking Financially is out now!
Introduction to Top Executive Management is out now!
The Laws of Hope: The Path to Your Dream, Success, and Mission in Life is out now!
The Laws of Mission is out now!
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An MX-5 Owner 25 Years in the Making
Celebrating 30 Years of the MX-5 Miata begins with celebrating our fans and their stories. We asked owners and enthusiasts from around the country to submit their MX-5 stories to celebrate the debut of the 30th Anniversary MX-5 Miata at the Chicago Auto Show.
The first time Joe Schlueter drove an MX-5 Miata was more than 25 years ago while taking a little break during a work conference. Since that drive in 1992, he’s never forgotten how the MX-5 drove.
"I was at a tax conference in 1992 in Los Angeles,” Schlueter explained. “The hotel was near the airport, which had a rental car desk. They were offering an MX-5 Miata for $49 all-day, unlimited miles. On the last day of my conference, I went to class, I signed in, and I left. I rented the MX-5, drove the Pacific Coast Highway all day, and returned in time to catch my red-eye flight back to Iowa.”
As soon as he got home, he told his wife about the car he’d just experienced.
“I told her, Schlueter recalled, ‘This car, you don’t drive it, you wear it like a tailored shirt. It’s unlike anything I’ve ever experienced.’
Over the years the fond memories of his MX-5 rendezvous in California never faded. In 2015, his youngest daughter was about to graduate high school, which meant he and his wife were about to become empty nesters. In December, he launched a search for an RX-7 to replace a previous one he owned, but instead an MX-5 caught his eye.
At his local Mazda dealer, he saw a 2001 Special Edition, No. 0001 of 3,000 with approximately 55,000 original miles on it. He drove the car and fell in love but wasn’t sold.
On December 30th, while taking his wife and their three daughters to see the Trans-Siberian Orchestra perform in St. Paul, he learned that Mazda had dropped the price of the car.
“I thought, ‘I'm an idiot if I don't get it,’" Schlueter explained. “So I talked to my banker and sent an email to the car salesman. The salesman finally gets back to me while I'm sitting at the 3 p.m. concert. I'm texting and emailing between him and the banker, and finally, I get the deal done while the Trans-Siberian Orchestra's playing!”
Now he and his wife have joined the Miata Club of Minnesota through which they do weekend trips.
“It’s been a great first step into empty nester status,” he explained.
Schlueter’s wife and daughters are now also Miata fans. “My youngest daughter has become a car nut now, too” Schlueter added. During her college spring break, his daughter flew out to North Carolina to drive back a 2013 Dolphin Gray Miata, with Spicy Mocha interior, to be Schlueter’s daily driver. “That was her spring break, and she loved it.”
“I’ll tell you, there’s nothing like an MX-5 Miata,” Schlueter explained. “It’s an extension of you when you drive it. Any two-lane road is a blast to drive. It’s more than transportation -- it’s an experience. It's about the pure enjoyment of the freedom of driving.”
Explore the Mazda MX-5 Miata
An MX-5 Miata Introduced This Owner to His Future Wife
An MX-5 Miata Reunion Years in The Making
Every Day is ‘A Wicked Good Time’ for this 18-year-old MX-5 Owner
Tags: Miata, MX-5
← Every Day is ‘A Wicked Good Time’ for this 18-year-old MX-5 OwnerMazda Sets Course Record, Qualifies First at Daytona →
Visit MazdaUSA.com to build your Mazda
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Home » Security Alert
2019/03/12 (Tuesday) - Microsoft Updates for Multiple Vulnerabilities
Microsoft has released March 2019 security updates. A remote attacker could exploit some of these vulnerabilities to take control of an affected system. Microsoft has released updates to address these vulnerabilities.
For details, please refer to:
https://www.us-cert.gov/ncas/current-activity/2019/03/12/Microsoft-Releases-March-2019-Security-Updates
https://portal.msrc.microsoft.com/en-us/security-guidance/releasenotedetail/ac45e477-1019-e911-a98b-000d3a33a34d
https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/help/20190312/security-update-deployment-information-march-12-2019
2019/01/08 (Tuesday) - Adobe Security Updates
Adobe has released security updates to address vulnerabilities in Adobe Connect and Acrobat Digital Edition. An attacker could exploit these vulnerabilities to take control of an affected system.
https://www.us-cert.gov/ncas/current-activity/2019/01/08/Adobe-Releases-Security-Updates
https://helpx.adobe.com/security/products/Digital-Editions/apsb19-04.html
https://helpx.adobe.com/security/products/connect/apsb19-05.html
Microsoft has released January 2019 security updates. A remote attacker could exploit one of these vulnerabilities to take control of an affected system. Microsoft has released updates to address these vulnerabilities.
https://www.us-cert.gov/ncas/current-activity/2019/01/08/Microsoft-Releases-January-2019-Security-Updates
https://portal.msrc.microsoft.com/en-us/security-guidance/releasenotedetail/b4384b95-e6d2-e811-a983-000d3a33c573
https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/help/20190108/security-update-deployment-information
Adobe has released security updates to address vulnerabilities in Adobe Acrobat and Reader. An attacker could exploit these vulnerabilities to take control of an affected system.
https://helpx.adobe.com/security/products/acrobat/apsb18-41.html
Microsoft has released November 2018 security updates. A remote attacker could exploit some of these vulnerabilities to obtain access to sensitive information. Microsoft has released updates to address these vulnerabilities.
https://www.us-cert.gov/ncas/current-activity/2018/12/11/Microsoft-Releases-December-2018-Security-Updates
https://portal.msrc.microsoft.com/en-us/security-guidance/releasenotedetail/6c54acc6-2ed2-e811-a980-000d3a33a34d
https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/help/20181211/security-update-deployment-information-december-11-2018
Microsoft has released November 2018 security updates. A remote attacker could exploit some of these vulnerabilities to take control of an affected system. Microsoft has released updates to address these vulnerabilities.
https://www.us-cert.gov/ncas/current-activity/2018/11/13/Microsoft-Releases-November-2018-Security-Updates
https://portal.msrc.microsoft.com/en-us/security-guidance/releasenotedetail/ff746aa5-06a0-e811-a978-000d3a33c573
https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/help/20181113/security-update-deployment-information-november-13-2018
Adobe has released security updates to address vulnerabilities in Flash Player, Adobe Acrobat and Reader and Adobe Photoshop CC. An attacker could exploit these vulnerabilities to obtain access to sensitive information.
https://helpx.adobe.com/security/products/flash-player/apsb18-39.html
https://helpx.adobe.com/security/products/photoshop/apsb18-43.html
Adobe has released security updates to address vulnerabilities in Adobe Flash Player and ColdFusion. Exploitation of some of these vulnerabilities allow a remote attacker to take control of an affected system.
https://helpx.adobe.com/security/products/coldfusion/apsb18-33.html
Microsoft has released September 2018 security updates. A remote attacker could exploit some of these vulnerabilities to take control of an affected system. Microsoft has released updates to address these vulnerabilities.
https://www.us-cert.gov/ncas/current-activity/2018/09/11/Microsoft-Releases-September-2018-Security-Updates
https://portal.msrc.microsoft.com/en-us/security-guidance/releasenotedetail/498f2484-a096-e811-a978-000d3a33c573
https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/help/20180911/security-update-deployment-information-september-11-2018
Adobe has released security updates to address vulnerabilities in Adobe Acrobat and Reader, Adobe Experience Manager, Adobe Flash Player and Adobe Creative Cloud Desktop Application. Exploitation of some of these vulnerabilities allow a remote attacker to take control of an affected system.
https://helpx.adobe.com/security/products/creative-cloud/apsb18-20.html
https://helpx.adobe.com/security/products/experience-manager/apsb18-26.html
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FILE--In this Sept. 5, 2018 file photo, Alex Jones speaks to reporters in Washington. Lawyers in Connecticut, on Monday, June 17, 2019, allege conspiracy theorist Alex Jones sent them electronic files containing child pornography as part of a defamation lawsuit against the Infowars host by relatives of some victims of the Sandy Hook Elementary School shooting. The families of eight victims of the 2012 shooting in Newtown, Conn. and an FBI agent who responded to the massacre are suing Jones, Infowars and others for promoting a theory that the shooting was a hoax. (AP Photo/Jose Luis Magana, File)
Book Denying That Newtown Shooting Happened Gets Pulled From Shelves
June 18, 2019 - 6:37 am
HARTFORD, Conn. (AP) — The father of a victim of the Sandy Hook Elementary School massacre has won a defamation lawsuit against the authors of a book that claimed the shooting never happened — the latest victory for victims' relatives who have been taking a more aggressive stance against conspiracy theorists.
The book, "Nobody Died at Sandy Hook," has also been pulled from shelves to settle claims against its publisher filed by Lenny Pozner, whose 6-year-old son Noah was killed in the shooting.
"My face-to-face interactions with Mr. Pozner have led me to believe that Mr. Pozner is telling the truth about the death of his son," Dave Gahary, the principal officer at publisher Moon Rock Books, said Monday. "I extend my most heartfelt and sincere apology to the Pozner family."
A Wisconsin judge issued a summary judgment Monday against authors James Fetzer and Mike Palacek, a ruling that was separate from the settlement between Pozner and the book's publisher. A trial to decide damages has been set for October.
Pozner has been pushing back for years against hoaxers who have harassed him, subjected him to death threats and claimed that he was an actor and his son never existed. He has spent years getting Facebook and others to remove conspiracy videos and set up a website to debunk conspiracy theories.
Lately, the fight has been joined by others who lost relatives in the Dec. 14, 2012, school shooting in Newtown, Connecticut. After quietly enduring harassment and ridiculous assertions for years, some have changed their approach, deciding the only way to stop it is to confront it. Their efforts have turned the tables on the hoaxers, including Alex Jones , host of the conspiracy-driven Infowars website.
Robbie Parker, whose 6-year-old daughter Emilie was among 20 first-graders and six educators killed at Sandy Hook, spent years ignoring people who called him a crisis actor. His family moved to the West Coast, but still the harassment didn't stop. He would get letters from people who found his address. He was once stopped in a parking garage by a man who berated him and said the shooting never happened.
"You are taught when you are young that you ignore bullies and eventually they will leave you alone," Parker said. "But as time went on, and my other girls were getting older, I realized they weren't stopping and some of this was getting worse and getting more personal."
Parker is now part of a lawsuit against Jones, has testified before Congress and pushed for changes on social media platforms, such as YouTube, which announced this month it will prohibit videos that deny the Sandy Hook shooting and other "well-documented events."
"It wasn't until the lawsuits and until it became a mainstream news story that people realized they were being complicit in this and started to moderate the content," Parker said.
Pozner is the lead plaintiff in several of at least nine cases filed against Sandy Hook deniers in federal and state courts in Connecticut, Florida, Texas and Wisconsin.
In the case against Jones, the families of eight victims and a first responder say they've been subjected to harassment and death threats from his followers. A Connecticut judge ruled in the defamation case that Jones must undergo a sworn deposition, which is scheduled for July in Texas.
Wisconsin's Dane County Circuit Judge Frank Remington ruled Monday that Pozner had been defamed by Fetzer and Palacek, whose book claimed, among other things, that Noah's death certificate had been faked, according to Pozner's lawyer, Jake Zimmerman.
"If Mr. Fetzer wants to believe that Sandy Hook never happened and that we are all crisis actors, even that my son never existed, he has the right to be wrong. But he doesn't have the right to broadcast those beliefs if they defame me or harass me," Pozner said. "He doesn't have the right to use my baby's image or our name as a marketing ploy to raise donations or sell his products. He doesn't have the right to convince others to hunt my family."
Before the case went to a judge, Fetzer had said "evidence clearly shows this wasn't a massacre, it was a FEMA drill," referring to the Federal Emergency Management Agency.
"If you believe otherwise, then you are being played," Fetzer said at the time.
A redacted copy of the actual death certificate is attached to Pozner's lawsuit. Additionally, Pozner has had DNA samples taken and compared with those provided by the Connecticut medical examiner to prove that Noah was his son. He has put Noah's birth certificate, report cards and medical records into the public file in his legal actions.
His goal, he says, is to make sure that "normal people" have access to the truth and aren't persuaded by the hoaxers.
A Florida woman, Lucy Richards, was sentenced to five months in prison for sending Pozner death threats. She was also banned from visiting web sites run by conspiracy theorists, including Fetzer.
Christopher Mattei, a lawyer who represents the families in their Connecticut lawsuit against Jones, said his clients want to live their lives free from that kind of harassment. They also want these hoaxers to know they are affecting real people, who have already been emotionally devastated.
"When the grief process includes having to justify your grief or having to prove your child's existence," he said, "it makes it very difficult."
Media and entertainment industry
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FILE - In this March 14, 2012, file photo, a player runs across the NCAA logo during practice at the NCAA tournament college basketball in Pittsburgh. A proposal to require a graduate transfer to count against a team's scholarship total for two years in football and basketball has been rejected by the NCAA. The Division I Council voted down a proposal Friday, April 19, 2019, that could have tapped the brakes on the de facto free agency created by a rule originally intended to give athletes more freedom to pursue graduate degrees. (AP Photo/Keith Srakocic, File)
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Bailey Kowalski cries as she speaks during a news conference in East Lansing, Mich., Thursday, April 11, 2019. The 22-year-old Michigan State University student is speaking publicly a year after suing the school, alleging that three former men's basketball players raped her in 2015 and that she was discouraged by counseling center staff from reporting what happened. (Matthew Dae Smith/Lansing State Journal via AP)
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← Interview With Don Mancuso
Hunter Hayes and The Who To Perform On “The GRAMMY Nominations Concert Live! – Countdown To Music’s Biggest Night” →
Ken Ehrlich and AEG Ehrlich Ventures Will Produce The 55th Annual GRAMMY Awards
Following the Recently Produced “We Will Always Love You: A GRAMMY Salute To Whitney Houston,” Executive Producer Also Will Continue to Produce “The GRAMMY® Nominations Concert Live!! — Countdown To Music’s Biggest Night®”
Longtime music and television producer Ken Ehrlich, and his production company AEG Ehrlich Ventures, will produce the 55th Annual GRAMMY Awards® (www.grammy.com), continuing a long-standing tradition that keeps him as executive producer of Music’s Biggest Night®, it was announced today by The Recording Academy®. In addition, Ehrlich and AEG Ehrlich Ventures will continue producing “The GRAMMY® Nominations Concert Live!! — Countdown To Music’s Biggest Night,” a one-hour live music special that announces nominations in several categories as well as features performances by past GRAMMY winners and/or nominees. The road to Music’s Biggest Night begins with “The GRAMMY Nominations Concert Live!!,” which takes place live for the first time ever at Bridgestone Arena in Nashville, Tenn., on Wednesday, Dec. 5, and will be broadcast in HDTV and 5.1 surround sound on the CBS Television Network (www.cbs.com) from 10 – 11 p.m. ET/PT (9 p.m. Central) — and culminates with the 55th Annual GRAMMY Awards, live from STAPLES Center in Los Angeles on Sunday, Feb. 10, 2013, and broadcast on CBS at 8 p.m. ET/PT.
“Ken’s expertise and vision are matched by his vast knowledge and genuine love of music, and these qualities have made him an outstanding producer and the executive producer of the GRAMMY Awards for more than 30 years now,” said Neil Portnow, President/CEO of The Recording Academy. “As the creator of our signature ‘GRAMMY Moments,’ he has continued to raise the bar on the content, quality, and production value of our annual telecast. We couldn’t be more pleased to continue our long-standing partnership and, more importantly, I am proud to call him my good friend.”
Additionally, Ehrlich and his company produced the recent “We Will Always Love You: A GRAMMY Salute To Whitney Houston” special that aired on CBS earlier this month; “My Night At The GRAMMYs,” a two-hour special in 2007 that highlighted the top 25 GRAMMY Moments as voted by fans, and included artists’ stories behind those performances; as well as “A Death In The Family: The Show Must Go On,” a mini-documentary about the 36 hours leading up to the 54th GRAMMY Awards that aired online earlier this year.
“There is no relationship in our industry that I treasure more than the 33-year association I’ve had with The Recording Academy, and the prospect of extending that into the future is a true joy,” said Ehrlich. “The GRAMMY Awards now enjoys a unique position in both the music and television communities, and I’m proud of the warm and collaborative relationship that has existed between my company and The Academy and, in particular, Neil Portnow. I know our mutual goal is to continue to elevate the art of music, and to recognize the excellence of its creators through the annual telecast as well as other GRAMMY-branded projects.”
From his earliest days in television as the producer/creator of the award-winning public television series “Soundstage,” Ehrlich has continually been on the cutting edge of live music and television programming. As the creator of the “GRAMMY Moment” — unique, signature duets and group performances on the annual GRAMMY Awards telecast — he has coordinated remarkable artist pairings including: Eminem and Elton John; Prince and Beyoncé; Jay-Z, Paul McCartney and Linkin Park; Melissa Etheridge and Joss Stone; the Gorillaz (holographic) and Madonna; Chick Corea and Foo Fighters; Dave Grohl, Paul McCartney, Bruce Springsteen and Joe Walsh; the Avett Brothers, Bob Dylan and Mumford & Sons; and the very first “GRAMMY Moment” with Neil Diamond and Barbra Streisand, who performed “You Don’t Bring Me Flowers.”
In his more than 35 years as a producer, he has worked on numerous award shows and live events and introduced innovative concepts for network, cable, and syndication shows, including: the Emmy Awards (five telecasts), the MTV Movie Awards (which he created in 1992), the MTV European Music Awards, the Latin GRAMMY Awards, the Alma Awards, “Vh1’s Divas,” “Fashion Rocks,” “Women Rock: Girls With Guitars,” and many others. He also has produced dozens of artist specials for broadcast and cable networks, including shows with Christina Aguilera, Eric Clapton, Eagles, Aretha Franklin, Faith Hill, Barry Manilow, Ricky Martin, ‘NSync, Paul Simon, and dozens of others. In 2007 he was honored by the Producers Guild of America with its Visionary Award, and beginning in 2010, he began executive producing music specials for the “In Performance At The White House” PBS series, including a special celebrating the music of the civil rights movement (featuring Bob Dylan’s first appearance ever at the White House), and a blues special that featured performances by Buddy Guy, B.B. King, and Mick Jagger (also marking the latter’s first time in the White House).
Ehrlich’s first GRAMMY show was the 22nd Annual GRAMMY Awards in 1980 and since then, the annual telecast has been nominated for 60 Emmy Awards in a number of categories and has won 19 Emmys. For the past four years, the GRAMMY Awards telecast has garnered increased ratings year over year, and this year’s 54th GRAMMY Awards attracted 39.9 million viewers, the largest GRAMMY audience since 1984 and the second largest in history. The telecast was also the biggest social event in the history of television at that time, drawing 13 million social media comments with the conversation on Twitter reaching a record high at 160,341 tweets per minute during the live telecast.
For updates and breaking news, please visit www.grammy.com, and The Recording Academy®‘s social networks on Twitter and Facebook: www.twitter.com/thegrammys, www.facebook.com/thegrammys.
Established in 1957, The Recording Academy is an organization of musicians, songwriters, producers, engineers and recording professionals that is dedicated to improving the cultural condition and quality of life for music and its makers. Internationally known for the GRAMMY Awards — the preeminent peer-recognized award for musical excellence and the most credible brand in music — The Recording Academy is responsible for groundbreaking professional development, cultural enrichment, advocacy, education and human services programs. The Academy continues to focus on its mission of recognizing musical excellence, advocating for the well-being of music makers and ensuring music remains an indelible part of our culture. For more information about The Academy, please visit www.grammy.com. For breaking news and exclusive content, follow @TheGRAMMYs on Twitter, like “The GRAMMYs” on Facebook, and join The GRAMMYs’ social communities on YouTube, Tumblr, Foursquare, GetGlue, and Instagram.
About Kimberly Michele Durham
ONE ME * MANY TITLES * A THOUSAND TASKS
View all posts by Kimberly Michele Durham »
Posted on December 2, 2012, in K*Chele Magazine, The Recording Academy and tagged 55th Annual GRAMMY Awards, AEG Ehrlich Ventures, K*Chele, Ken Ehrlich, Recording Academy. Bookmark the permalink. Leave a comment.
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19.10.11 | jem | 3
Juno Award-winning Canadian Pop sensation. World of Warcraft fanatic. YouTube heart-melt. Lights Army Queen. Whether she’s armed with a keytar, an acoustic or the Twin Blades of Azeroth, Lights is fighting a winning battle across the world of electro-pop and social media, showing no signs of calming her storm. On the verge of releasing her second studio record, ‘Siberia’, we caught up to talk all things gaming, dating, blogging, record-writing and the in-between before it all comes down under in the 2012.
Yo Lights!
How you doing?
I’m not too bad, just chilling here eating some Jelly Bellies.
Sweet, you know this is my first interview actually with someone other than in a hardcore band.
This is awesome! Yeah I’m looking at the description here and it says ‘Punk and Hardcore News’ and I’m like ‘yeaaaaaah!’ I’m excited to be here.
Yeah and well actually this is the first time I’ve interviewed a girl before…
No way! (Laughing) There needs to be more girls in this industry!
Nah yeah it’s true. And especially a girl I’ve had a mega internet crush on for the past while…
Well I guess what’s so appealing about you aside from your music is your persona, like, there are so many elements that make up Lights. I mean a girl that legit plays video games?! What are you favourite video games right now?
Well Warcraft has always been a pretty big one, still pretty constant. I’m trying to get away from that game I’m telling you! I’ve been on Orcarina of Time for 3DS which has actually been really fun. And, there’s this game called Order and Chaos which is kind of a Warcraft rip-off, that’s on iPad. It’s actually a great original game, it’s pretty inspiring.
Woah okay! Well I know you play WoW and stuff, do you ever find your video game experiences reflected in your music?
Yeah! You know like I think it’s an escape, I think anything that’s artistic whether it’s listening to a record that really takes you away or… Yeah that’s really why this record is such a whole. It takes you to a place, and that’s why I wrote this music. That’s the experience I get out of video games and listening to a good record. No matter what is going on in my life, like if I’m so stressed I’ll get on Warcraft and it pushes it away for a minute and it feels pretty good especially in this day and age when so much stuff is going on, you know. And not only that but it’s inspiring; to see the invention and the creativity and the talent that goes into like, the graphics and the storyline and the lore, and the structure of dungeon systems and all that, it’s just genius. So there’s nothing short of inspiration coming from anything like that.
That’s so sick. I used to play WoW for a while before it got really –
I think everyone’s drowned in WoW once they get in! I’m surprised you got out of it actually.
Well it just got so noobed down man, it’s just so easy now. It isn’t like what it was before, like I used to play pre-Lich King.
Oh so you were like B.C, Burning Crusade?
Yeah, right. But if I was still I would probably be in your guild. Yeah I know you have a guild!
Haha! You’ve gotta join if you come back, come on. I won’t stop peer pressuring you, haha.
Haha. Nah but tell us about your guild on WoW!
It was literally started by fans. It’s called Lights Guild and I was just kind of playing in the game and I just started on my own, and started meeting people in the game. And when I started going on Twitter and kind of started talking about Warcraft and my character, then people started catching on and joining in my server. And eventually they started this guild and now we’ve got three hundred plus members and there are like application forms and stuff so, we don’t do much raiding like it’s a pretty casual guild but it’s really cool that you point that out. I mean I don’t have any sway like guild-master wise, but I’m like ranked as Queen and it’s pretty sweet haha.
That’s sweet! You see I reckon this whole guild-run-by-fans thing is just one reflection of your fans’ dedication and how they really, really involve themselves –
Totally! It’s sweet! One hundred per cent, it’s a cool way to interact with people too like you just get on and people can chat with you and say ‘hi’ or something. And despite all these forms of social media – it’s a little overwhelming sometimes because I do handle so much of my social media, you know Facebook, Tumblr, Twitter, Youtube, everything so on Warcraft it’s literally one on one chat sometimes and it’s really nice.
That’s so sick, and I know I’ve seen from videos and stuff that that’s not the only way that they involve themselves with you. Like, lining up for meet and greets at shows, you’ve got your own fan club that make you gifts and stuff…
Yeah, it’s pretty remarkable the way that the community has really come together. And it’s a result of the way that we kind of wanted things to go. I remember when we were building that website one of the things we wanted to do was to create a community and a platform where people could all become friends and meet each other through the “common love of music” or whatever it may be, and really watching it bloom and expand is cool. Lights Army community has been so insane at each show, and that’s why I’m excited about this tour coming up I mean, you get to see it all in action and it makes you feel really good, like your music is really doing something you know?
Yeah for sure, and I guess when your Siberia dropped this month they were all pretty stoked? How’s the reaction been?
Oh man, I was so nervous. Because when you make your first record you don’t have fans, you don’t have anyone expecting something to sound a certain way. So when Siberia came out especially when I took kind of a different direction – making things a little heavier – I was nervous, my palms were sweaty, and I was like “listen I’m alive and this is the way that you should feel when you are putting your music out.” You’re not going to give people the same stuff every single time and certainly there are people that want it you know… so it was totally nerve-racking. But, with everyone, the response for Siberia has been beyond what I ever imagined. It’s crazy. It makes me so happy I’ve been over the moon for the past week since it came out.
That’s amazing, and you said that Siberia has kind of gone in a different direction; what were your biggest influences for this record compared to The Listening and previous releases?
Well, obviously over the past few years there’s been a few things that haven’t changed in my influences and my tastes. I mean one of them being, having toured The Listening for so long, it was the natural progression for the way that the songs started to sound live. Which is always a little heavier. Our shows have always been kind of like a rock show, and been a lot heavier than the way they’re heard on the record. So going back and listening to the record it’s like, “man check out how soft this is.” So that was one inclination that was already naturally going to happen on this second record. And then I started listening to a lot of heavier, heavier stuff. And I’ve always kind of been into that stuff because before I got into pop I was like in a punk, a pop/punk band and like a metal band so I was testing the waves a little later. But progression has always been going sort of a little darker: I started listening to Crystal Castles and some pop a lot more. Even like dub-step started to inspire me just because of the dark, gritty half-time elements and it’s actually pretty sparse, there’s not a lot going on. But it’s like groovy, hard electro and I thought “this is really cool, how can I marry these with my like soft melodies and stuff” and that was the natural direction that the record started to take. And then I brought in Holy Fuck to kind of grate everything up and that was just a collaboration from heaven, it was the perfect timing and the perfect people in the same room and it just worked so naturally and so cool.
Sweet, and in Australia I know that this will be out in October at the end of this month.
October 28th!
Yeah, but you’ve put out a whole bunch of records before this but NONE in our country yet. What’s going on with that man where’s the love?
I know, that’s what I question! Actually, you’d be surprised to see how many emails I send out like “when are we going to be releasing in Australia?!” Haha. But, you see there are a lot more politics and stuff involved in it, which there was, which has been plagued for years even with just getting this record out. So I’m just so thankful that I’ve even been able to get it out. But luckily now we are finally getting stuff out over there. I’m hopefully coming next year.
Yeah that’s totally cool. I guess although you haven’t had a huge amount of press around here the internet has done a lot of work in your sleep. Like, with your own youtube blog and stuff.
Totally! Totally, that’s the amazing thing about being able to be so active on social media and that’s where I think it all comes into play. Like I’m starting to see fans pop up in countries I’ve never even thought of – I’m still waiting to see a fan from Siberia but that will come haha. But like even when I first started playing in the States I had no record label there, like we’d go down and the people coming to shows were purely there based on finding me on the internet, finding music on the internet. And that’s just been such a blessing to me, especially having built up this great community online. So I’m hoping that it’s starting to happen over there.
That’s so sweet, and you know it’s sick that you’ve been doing your blog, and even though you’ve been so busy you’ve kept updating it.
Yeah I think it’s super important. Yeah I used to do a lot more video blogs, like it was a bit less, a bit less hectic and I had more time to kind of weird out and just hang out. Also, like your humour starts to change and the things that you want to show people start to change so the blogs are being evolved just like my music and I have. But I’m gonna keep doing them, like I put up a video blog, I put one up the other day and I have this like little, crappy flipcam and I put it on my Mac and you press the file down and it gets uploaded really quickly. And people are all complaining ‘cus it’s too low quality but they didn’t complain when I first started! You know I think people are just getting spoiled haha! …With good quality and blu-ray and all this stuff, it’ll be the death of me.
Nah! You know I’ve seen heaps of people commenting being all like you know, “I love um, I love how it’s kind of like dodgey quality ‘cus it’s just really raw and I can experience Lights.” And I’ve seen comments like that and I’ve been like “that’s cool”.
That’s the way I feel about it too! C’mon, it’s like “get real!”
Yeah! But seriously though –
And then when you give them something that’s like good quality they’re like “ahhh you sold out!” Like, “remember when your videos were all crappy?!” haha.
That’s right so you just gotta stick it old school, do it how you’ve always done it. But yeah I’ve actually got my own food blog that I kinda chow down with cool people on. Like mainly dudes in bands I like that come down here. We should definitely do a bite when you’re in Sydney.
Oh cool! That’s awesome, yeah I’m in that sounds so fun!
Yeah, just because I’ve seen you’ve done a whole bunch of collabs with like, Ten Second Epic, Silverstein, Bring Me The Horizon, Epic Meal Time… what’s been the most memorable experience for you?
Everything’s cool I mean, the greatest thing about every collaboration I’ve taken part in is that they’re all friends. Everyone, we work together because we’re friends and we have each other, we support each other, and that’s the way it should be. It’s none of these like, prescribed-by-record-labels kind of collaborations, and that’s why the collaboration with Holy Fuck worked out, that’s how it was with Bring Me The Horizon. I met those guys randomly a few years ago when we were both stranded in Rhode Island and we just kind of started talking and they started asking me via Facebook to be part of the record. And Ten Second Epic, man they used to tour into my small town and I used to go to local shows and I met them then, and we’ve been talking ever since and been close friends. Silverstein as well, it’s all just purely because we know each other and it’s this community of… you gotta support each other, you know!
And you’ve got all these boy bands and boy youtubers that are champing at the bit to be involved with you somehow but now I heard a little rumour that someone has really got a ring on you! …Bless the Fall dude?
Hahahahaha. Uhhh, yeah! It’s actually true.
Well now that the secret’s out I’m sure there are a whole lot of heartbroken dudes out there… but that’s cool, I know Siberia is and will be raising spirits everywhere and when you get here next year you’ll be making a storm.
Hahaha. Oh thank you, that means a lot. I can’t wait, I seriously can’t wait.
So having said that are there any final words you have for your Australian fans before you get here?
I have no idea, but all I know is that I’ve wanted to come forever and I mean, I know lots of my friends’ bands that have come down there and played and it’s like this, ‘mystical land of great shows and good looking people’ so I can’t wait.
http://www.iamlights.com
3 Responses to “Lights”
Bromagz October 19th, 2011
Love your work Jem.
ohaiialaska October 20th, 2011
hahaha this is such an awesome interview, rad work!
samfisher21 October 29th, 2011
My future wife
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Bulls stampede on Thursday
The agreement among European Union leaders meeting in Brussels sent the American stock market into the stratosphere on Thursday. The terms of the agreement require that the region’s banks would be recapitalized; that the borrowing capacity of the European Financial Stability Facility (EFSF) would be increased to 1 trillion euros in addition to a commitment by banks and other private bondholders to accept a 50% write-down on Greek debt. Despite Thursday’s stock market mania (which was intensified by a Commerce Department report that third quarter GDP reached an annualized rate of 2.5%) there were warnings from numerous commentators, who advised against getting swept-up by the hype.
Stephen Gandel, who writes The Curious Capitalist blog for Time, noted that “worry is still in strong supply”:
Still, for a number of economists today’s news wasn’t enough to wipe away their general pessimism about the economy. Paul Ashworth, chief U.S. economist at Capital Economics, said the growth was temporary and would soon fade. Nigal Gault at IHS Global Insight said the most likely outlook for the U.S. is continued weak growth. Josh Bivens of the think tank the Economic Policy Institute said that “the strongest growth in a year was still not strong enough.” NBER economist Justin Wolfers said the recovery has been delayed another quarter.
At The New York Times, Landon Thomas characterized the rally over the euro deal as “relief mixed with wariness”:
For one thing, while the agreement by banks to write down 50 percent of Greek debt was welcomed, the deal’s success is conditioned on investors’ “agreeing” to take such a large loss. If a large number of investors refuse to accept such a loss, then the plan loses its voluntary status and would thus become a default – creating more unease and panic in the markets.
Moreover, private investors are not obliged to take the write-down, and two big holders of Greek debt, the International Monetary Fund and the European Central Bank, are not granting debt relief. So it is not clear how much of Greece’s overall sovereign debt of 340 billion euros ($480 billion) is going to be forgiven.
And it remains to be seen whether the debt relief for Greece will prompt other countries – Spain, Italy, Portugal or Ireland – to seek similar treatment.
The most dire warning for investors came from Comstock Partners:
The economic sectors that have shown some recent improvement are generally coincident or lagging indicators while leading indicators appear to be showing some weakness. The ECRI Weekly Leading Indicator is at levels indicating a recession ahead. This indicator has a good record of predicting past recessions and has never forecast one that didn’t occur. If this prediction is accurate, we will be going into a recession in such a fragile economic environment that we would expect any recession to be severe. Some of the statistics are; 9.1% unemployment, 22% of homeowners underwater, about 5 million homes in inventory or shadow inventory, home prices continuing to decline, and debt (all sectors) at historically high levels.
In sum, we believe that the current rally will not last much longer and that the lows of 2009 will eventually be retested. We did not expect the S&P 500 to rise above the significant resistance of 1250, but it did rise above it this week. We shouldn’t be surprised to see another “bear market trap” after the housing and stock market bubble (and the 100% move up from the oversold condition in March of 2009), all within the secular bear market that started in early 2000. It seems that investors in U.S. equities will never learn from past experience, but we would now really be surprised if the market exceeded the early May peak of 1370 on the S&P 500.
The Dow Jones Industrial Average surged by an enormous 339 points on Thursday, to close at 12,208 for a gain of 2.86 percent. The S&P 500 advanced by 3.43 percent to finish at 1,284. The NASDAQ Composite jumped by 3.32 percent to end the day at 2,738.
Miami-based corporations had a great day on Thursday. Ryder System (R) led the group with a fat gain of 5.13% to close at 51.41. Lennar (LEN) was next, advancing by 4.31% to finish at 17.19. Carnival Cruise Lines (CCL) rose by 2.60% to close at 36.73. Royal Caribbean (RCL) advanced by 1.94% to end the day at 29.47.
The following companies will be playing “beat the number” on Friday, with the release of their quarterly earnings reports: Amcol International (ACO), American Axle (AXL), Amerigroup (AGP), Aon Corp (AON), Arch Coal (ACI), Barnes Group (B), BorgWarner (BWA), Cablevision Systems (CVC), Calpine (CPN), Chevron (CVX), Cigna (CI), Interpublic Group (IPG), ITT Corp (ITT), Lear Corp (LEA), Merck (MRK), Newell Rubbermaid (NWL), OneBeacon Insurance Group (OB), Oppenheimer Holdings (OPY), Rockwell Collins (COL), Standard Register (SR), Superior Industries International (SUP), TenneCo (TEN), Goodyear (GT), West Coast Bancorp (WCBO), Weyerhaeuser (WY) and Whirlpool (WHR). Good luck!
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2019 Legislative Summary
The following is a summary of the seven Bills and two Resolutions passed during the 2019 Regular Session of the Kentucky General Assembly that will have an impact on Kentucky Retirement Systems (KRS). Unless otherwise noted, the new legislation will take effect 90 days following the end of the Session (approximately June 29, 2019). The Kentucky Attorney General will determine the official date.
Additional information will be made available on this website over the next several weeks, as we complete our review of the bills and update our publications and procedures. We invite you to check this site on a regular basis and follow us on our social media outlets for the latest information.
Please click on the hyperlink to read each bill in its entirety:
1. House Bill 55, signed by the Governor on March 26.
SUMMARY: The bill voids the retirement of an elected official participating in KRS who retires and is elected to the same office within twelve (12) months of retiring.
2. House Bill 80 (KRS housekeeping bill). Signed by the Governor on March 26.
SUMMARY: The bill allows electronic balloting for Trustee elections and synchronizes the two separate CERS elections into one election cycle, which should increase voter participation and save the Systems money by greatly reducing ballot printing and mailing costs. House Bill 80 also grants KRS more authority to work cooperatively with participating agencies who are delinquent with their monthly reporting requirements; and it gives KRS permission to deposit the 1% employee contribution for retiree health for Tier 2 and Tier 3 members into an account that lets the money be better used for paying premiums.
3. House Bill 381, signed by the Governor on March 26.
SUMMARY: Allows postsecondary institutions to employ retired police officers who meet certain eligibility requirements. The officer may serve for a term not to exceed one year, but the one year employment term may be renewed annually.
SUMMARY: Requires members to certify at the time of retirement that no prearranged agreement exists between the member and any participating agency, rather than requiring the certification upon reemployment.
The bill also provides that a reemployed retiree shall no longer be required to notify the systems if their reemployment, contracting, volunteering, or serving as a leased employee first occurs with a participating agency after a period of 12 months following the member's initial retirement date. This change should make the process much less cumbersome for our members and greatly reduce the number of retired reemployed applications that have to be reviewed by the Systems' legal team.
Please Note: HB 419 did NOT change the bona fide separation from service requirement nor the required duration of separation from service before re-employing with a participating agency.
SUMMARY: Requires the Systems' internal investment staff and investment consultants to comply with certain federal statutes, rules, and regulations applicable to investment managers. This bill enhances previous legislation designed to improve the governance of our investments.
6. Senate Bill 1, signed by the Governor on March 11. The bill has an EMERGENCY clause, so it went into effect as soon as the Governor signed the bill.
SUMMARY: Although primarily a "school safety" law, Senate Bill 1 contains a provision that says Special Law Enforcement Officers (SLEOs) will be treated the same as School Resource Officers (SROs) for retired reemployed purposes.
7. Senate Bill 162, signed by the Governor on April 9.
SUMMARY: Exempts employers from paying contributions on a retiree employed as a school security officer.
Finally, due to legislative changes from the 2017 Session, Gubernatorial appointees to the KRS Board of Trustees now require Senate confirmation.
8. Senate Resolution 206. Adopted by the Senate on March 28.
SUMMARY: Confirms the reappointment of John Chilton to the KRS Board of Trustees for a term to expire on June 17, 2022.
SUMMARY: Confirms the reappointment of David Harris to the KRS Board of Trustees for a term to expire on June 17, 2022.
Legislative Session Overview
The 2019 Regular Session of the Kentucky General Assembly began on Tuesday, January 8, 2019 and adjourned Sine Die on Thursday, March 28, 2019.
During legislative sessions, Kentucky Retirement Systems tracked proposed legislation of importance to the Systems and its members as the legislation moves through the process. We also assisted legislators, government officials and other stakeholders by providing information on KRS-administered benefit programs and addressing constituent inquiries throughout the year.
Please be advised that these legislative summaries are intended for general informational purposes only and should not be relied upon as legal advice regarding the legislative meaning, purpose, intent, application or administration of a particular statutory change.
If you have questions or concerns regarding the impact of a particular piece of legislation, please contact the Legislative Research Commission or a qualified attorney. If you have questions regarding your Kentucky Retirement Systems benefits, please contact the Retirement Systems through our webpage at kyret.ky.gov or by telephone at (800) 928-4646.
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