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Many skeptics feel that the crystal skulls are probably of a much more recent vintage than their accompanying stories suggest. This, they believe, is the best way to explain their existence, since no one could have created them without technologies available only within the past century.
Skulls are humanity’s foremost symbol of death, and a powerful icon in the visual vocabularies of cultures all over the globe. Thirteen crystal skulls of apparently ancient origin have been found in parts of Mexico, Central America and South America, comprising one of the most fascinating subjects of 20th Century archaeology.
These skulls, found near the ancient ruins of Mayan and Aztec civilizations (with some evidence linking the skulls with past civilization in Peru) are a mystery as profound as the Pyramids of Egypt, the Nazca Lines of Peru, or Stonehenge. Some of the skulls are believed to be between 5,000 and 36,000 years old.
Many indigenous people speak of their remarkable magical and healing properties, but nobody really knows where they came from or what they were used for.
Were they left behind after the destruction of a previous world, such as Atlantis? Are they simply ingenious modern fakes or can they really enable us to see deeply into the past and predict the future?
Much research is currently being done on the skulls. However, their origin is still a baffling mystery. They seem to defy logic. Everything that is known about lapidary work indicates that the skulls should have been shattered fractured, or fallen apart when carved.
An old Native American legend tells of thirteen life-size crystal skulls, which are said to hold crucial information about humankind’s true purpose and future destiny. The skulls would be discovered and their secrets revealed when the human race was sufficiently developed. The authors hear of this legend while in the jungles of Belize and set out on a quest to discover its truth. “The Mystery of the Crystal Skulls” follows their journey from Maya temples to the British Museum, the Smithsonian, and to the crystal laboratories of Hewlett-Packard, where tests lead one scientist to conclude, “This {crystal} skull should not even exist.” In the end, shamans and native elders reveal the sacred knowledge the skulls contain and answer the questions this enduring mystery raises: Are the skulls artifacts from the lost civilization of Atlantis, or are they extraterrestrial in origin?
Made from piezo-electric quartz crystal, used in today’s computers, are the skulls information storage devices?
Do they really posses telepathic qualities, allowing us to see deep into the past and predict the future?
What is the message they bring about future earth changes and the destiny of humanity?
Famous Crystal Skulls
This report examines the known history of crystal skulls, various viewpoints on where they might have came from, and the secrets they may reveal.
The Mitchell-Hedges Crystal Skull
The most widely celebrated and mysterious crystal skull is the Mitchell-Hedges Skull, for at least two good reasons. First, it is very similar in form to an actual human skull, even featuring a fitted removable jawbone. Most known crystal skulls are of a more stylized structure, often with unrealistic features and teeth that are simply etched onto a single skull piece.
Second, it is impossible to say how the Mitchell-Hedges skull was constructed. From a technical standpoint, it appears to be an impossible object which today’s most talented sculptors and engineers would be unable to duplicate.
The discovery of this baffling artifact is a controversial matter. It was brought into prominence by British explorer F. A. Mitchell-Hedges, who claimed that his daughter unearthed it in 1924. Mitchell-Hedges led an expedition in the ancient Mayan ruins of Lubaantun, in Belize (then British Honduras), searching for evidence of Atlantis.
The story goes that his daughter, Anna, was rummaging inside a structure believed to have once been a temple, when she found the beautifully carved cranium of the crystal skull. It was lacking its jawbone, but the matching mandible was found three months later, some 25 feet away from the first discovery. Mitchell-Hedges claimed that he refused to take the skull away, and offered it to the local priests, but the Mayans gave the skull back to him as a gift upon his departure.
It now appears that this tale of the skull’s discovery was entirely fabricated. Mitchell-Hedges apparently purchased the skull at an auction at Sothebys in London, in 1943. This has been verified by documents at the British Museum, which had bid against Mitchell-Hedges for the crystal artifact.
This revelation is consistent with the known history of Mitchell-Hedges’s involvement with the skull. There are no photographs of the skull among those that were taken during his Lubaatun expedition, and there is no documentation of Mitchell-Hedges displaying or even acknowledging the skull prior to 1943.
The skull remains in the possession of the octogenarian Anna Mitchell-Hedges. She resides in Canada and displays the skull on frequent tours. Anna has maintained for all these years that she discovered the skull, even though there is reason to doubt that she was present at the Lubaatun expedition at all.
The Mitchell-Hedges skull is made of clear quartz crystal, and both cranium and mandible are believed to have come from the same solid block. It weighs 11.7 pounds and is about five inches high, five inches wide, and seven inches long. Except for slight anomalies in the temples and cheekbones, it is a virtually anatomically correct replica of a human skull. Because of its small size and other characteristics, it is thought more closely to resemble a female skull — and this has led some to refer to the Mitchell-Hedges skull as a “she.”
The Mitchell-Hedges family loaned the skull to Hewlett-Packard Laboratories for extensive study in 1970. Art restorer Frank Dorland oversaw the testing at the Santa Clara, California, computer equipment manufacturer, a leading facility for crystal research. The HP examinations yielded some startling results.
Researchers found that the skull had been carved against the natural axis of the crystal. Modern crystal sculptors always take into account the axis, or orientation of the crystal’s molecular symmetry, because if they carve “against the grain,” the piece is bound to shatter — even with the use of lasers and other high-tech cutting methods.
To compound the strangeness, HP could find no microscopic scratches on the crystal which would indicate it had been carved with metal instruments. Dorland’s best hypothesis for the skull’s construction is that it was roughly hewn out with diamonds, and then the detail work was meticulously done with a gentle solution of silicon sand and water. The exhausting job — assuming it could possibly be done in this way — would have required man-hours adding up to 300 years to complete.
Under these circumstances, experts believe that successfully crafting a shape as complex as the Mitchell-Hedges skull is impossible; as one HP researcher is said to have remarked, “The damned thing simply shouldn’t be.”
Copyright 1996 ParaScope, Inc.
Other Famous Crystal Skulls
The British Crystal Skull and the Paris Crystal Skull
There is a pair of similar skulls known as the British Crystal Skull and the Paris Crystal Skull. Both are said to have been bought by mercenaries in Mexico in the 1890s, possibly at the same time.
They are so similar in size and shape that some have guessed that one was copied to produce the other. In comparison to the Mitchell-Hedges skull, they are made of cloudier clear crystal and are not nearly as finely sculpted. The features are superficially etched and appear incomplete, without discretely formed jawbones. The British Crystal Skull is on display at London’s Museum of Mankind, and the Trocadero Museum of Paris houses the Paris Crystal Skull.
The British Crystal Skull. It is currently residing in the British Museum of Man in London, England,
and has been there since 1898. It is a one piece clear quartz full size quartz crystal skull.
and has been there since 1898. It is a one piece clear quartz full size quartz crystal skull. Image Source
The Paris Crystal Skull It is currently residing in the Trocadero Museum in Paris, France.
You may notice a slight indentation on the top, which is a hole that was cut into the skull purported to hold a cross.
Mayan Crystal Skull and the Amethyst Skull
Further examples of primitively sculpted skulls are a couple called the Mayan Crystal Skull and the Amethyst Skull. They were discovered in the early 1900s in Guatemala and Mexico, respectively, and were brought to the U.S. by a Mayan priest. The Amethyst Skull is made of purple quartz and the Mayan skull is clear, but the two are otherwise very alike. Like the Mitchell-Hedges skull, both of them were studied at Hewlett-Packard, and they too were found to be inexplicably cut against the axis of the crystal.
Amethyst skull [ Image Source ]
Texas Crystal Skull (Max)
A skull known as “Max,” or the Texas Crystal Skull, is a single-piece, clear skull weighing 18 pounds. It reportedly originated in Guatemala, then passed from a Tibetan spiritualist to JoAnn Parks of Houston, Texas. The Parks family allows visitors to observe Max and they display the skull at various exhibitions across the U.S.
ET Skull
“ET” is a smoky quartz skull found in the early 20th Century in Central America. It was given its nickname because its pointed cranium and exaggerated overbite make it look like the skull of an alien being. ET is part of the private collection of Joke Van Dietan, who tours with her skulls to share the healing powers she believes they possess.
Rose Quartz Crystal Skull
The only known crystal skull that comes close to resembling the Mitchell-Hedges skull is one called the Rose Quartz Crystal Skull, which was reported near the border of Honduras and Guatemala. It is not clear in color and is slightly larger than the Mitchell-Hedges, but boasts a comparable level of craftsmanship, including a removable mandible.
Brazilian Crystal Skull
This 13.8 pound life-size skull was donated to the museum’s Section of Minerals by a Brazilian gem dealer in 2004.
Brazilian Quartz Crystal Skull. Image Source >>
“Compassion” – Atlantean Crystal Skull
A newly discovered Crystal skull that rivals the Mitchell Hedges Skull. Atlantean is what Maya Shaman and elder Hunbatz Men said when he first examined it at the crystal skull conference on 9/9/9.
This skull was in a warehouse in Africa for 22 years and then 7 years in storage in an import store. I found it 11 months ago today. It is human size and it has the removable jaw. It is the same dimensions as the Mitchell Hedges Skull with some added features.
Below: This view is of an Iron Oxide Occlusion between two of the 3 total layers on skull
When examined by a Dr. Minch, 20 year head of Geology dept. at the Natural History Museum in Santa Barbara showed how the front teeth or Maxilla angles to it’s right! He felt this was one example of a hand carved Skull. “A machine made skull would have been straight.”
This skull is now available for inspection in California.
More information can be found at: www.atlanteanskull.com
Origin Theories: Celestial Gifts or Skullduggery?
Regardless of any unearthly properties the crystal skulls may or may not possess, the question remains: where did they come from? There are countless hypotheses that they are the legacy of some higher intelligence. Many believe they were created by extraterrestrials or beings in Atlantis or Lemuria. One elaborate theory maintains that the skulls were left behind by a sophisticated Inner Earth society which lives at the hollow center of our planet, and there are thirteen “master skulls” which contain the history of these people.
The most obvious answer to the mystery is that native artisans in Latin America or elsewhere crafted the skulls themselves. The Mayans are most often associated with them, although some doubt that they could have made the skulls, and not simply because of the technical conundrum the job poses. One theory holds the Aztecs as a more likely candidate to have created them. Skull imagery figures prominently in Aztec art and religious symbols, and not in that of the Mayans. The Aztecs were also more highly skilled in sculpting with crystal. It could be that the skulls found in Mayan ruins are actually displaced Aztec relics… or, as some suspect, this incongruity may indicate that some accounts of the skulls’ origins are phony.
Many skeptics feel that the crystal skulls are probably of a much more recent vintage than their accompanying stories suggest. This, they believe, is the best way to explain their existence, since no one could have created them without technologies available only within the past century. Since carbon-dating only works on organic substances, it is impossible to determine just how old a crystal skull is. But one recent study found reasonable signs of some skulls’ relative youth.
A May broadcast of the BBC documentary series “Everyman” reported on studies of a number of crystal skulls and other artifacts of supposedly ancient origin conducted at the British Museum. Using electron microscopes, the researchers found that two of the skulls possessed straight, perfectly-spaced surface markings, indicating the use of a modern polishing wheel. Genuine ancient objects would show haphazard tiny scratches from the hand-polishing process. The report speculated that these skulls were actually made in Germany within the past 150 years.
Even the regal Mitchell-Hedges skull is not without scandalous accusations of fraud. Some believe that F.A. Mitchell-Hedges had the piece commissioned by a sculptor, and planted it in the Lubaantun ruins for his daughter to find as a spectacular birthday present.
The validity of this charge is uncertain, but even if the Mitchell-Hedges skull is of modern origin, its structure is no less extraordinary. In all likelihood, every crystal skull in the world was fashioned by plain old human beings of some sort, and regardless of whether the work was carried out five years ago or five hundred years ago, we still don’t have any idea how they did it.
Source: Parascope
The Crystal Skull Enigma
by N Charles C. Pelton
In the realm of ancient artifacts there are few antiquities that are as thought provoking as the carved quartz crystal skulls. Very little is known about these ancient wonders of the world, largely due to the fact that so few of them exist which are accessible to the researcher. In the last few years, interest has risen intensely in these works of antiquity. For many years, when the subject of the crystal skulls was discussed, few people were aware of the fact that the Mitchell- Hedges skull was not the only crystal skull known to man. It may have been the most perfectly carved, even viewed by more people throughout the world than any other skull, but, certainly not the only skull. In fact, there are many skulls in various locations around the world which range in size from a few pounds, or softball sized, to over forty pounds.
Only a few crystal skulls have been expertly authenticated as ancient. Many have been carved within the last five years. Presently, the accepted authentication by which a carved skull can be termed ancient is through a complicated process of casting a mold of the skull and placing it under an electron microscope to examine the minute markings left by the carver. These markings are the clues by which the age of the carving is determined. The telltale pattern of the marking will verify what method was used to carve and polish the skull; thereby, the antiquity expert is able to confirm the age based on methods used on other known works which range from the ancient to the very contemporary. By comparing these various methods with those of the crystal skull, a time-line is developed which will place the skull along that line.
The widely known Mitchell-Hedges skull, located in Canada, one of the most beautiful skulls I have had the pleasure of seeing, is now shrouded in controversy. It is presently suggested that the skull is not ancient, but a work of more recent times, perhaps orchestrated by F.A. Mitchell-Hedges, himself, to promote interest and financing for his adventures. Coined The Skull of Doom’, by some associates of the adventurer, actually a misnomer for a term used in the 1930s, The Skull of Dunn. Dunn was an associate of F.A., on the expedition to Luubantun, in 1927, which is when young Anna Mitchell-Hedges, then age 17, reports she found the skull in the ruins of a temple.
The Museum of Man, in London, contains a crystal skull which is called the Aztec Skull. It is no longer on display in that museum. Museum personnel as well as visitors claim the skull moves on its own within the glass case in which it is enclosed. It was acquired by the museum at the turn of the century from an antiquity dealer in New York.
The Paris museum of Man also contains a crystal skull called The Aztec Skull, which is no longer on display. Both the Paris Skull, and the British Skull are much smaller than the Mitchell-Hedges skull, and not nearly as perfectly carved or as clear.
In more recent times, several quartz crystal skulls have appeared. Some are suggested ancient by their owners. Extensive examinations of these skulls have, however, determined many are not ancient at all. It is not certain as to the origin of these imposters. In the early 1980s, a human-sized quartz crystal skull surfaced in Texas. It was in the possession of Norbu Chen, a Tibetan healer. The skull was given to Carl and Jo Ann Parks to satisfy a debt. The skull was placed in a cosmetic case and stored on the floor of a closet in their Houston home for several years. It was while Jo Ann Parks was watching television that she realized that her skull may be an important artifact.
The program was about the Mitchell-Hedges skull, and F.R. Nick Nocerino, a world-renowned expert in crystal skull research, was a guest on the show. After viewing the program, Jo Ann, contacted Nocerino, upon which he traveled to Houston from his home near San Francisco to examine the skull. He determined that the skull was authentic and that it was ancient. He had indeed been aware of the existence of the skull, but had not been able to determine its location. Soon after Nocerino’s visit, Jo Ann, after several discussions with the rock, as she fondly referred to it, was told its name was Max.
Also in the mid 80s, Joke van Dieten Maasland, who presently resides in Miami Beach, Florida, acquired a smokey quartz crystal skull from a dealer in Los Angeles. It was reported that this skull had been in the possession of a family in Guatemala, whose parents found the skull in1906, while excavating a Mayan Temple. Joke credits the skull, which she calls E.T., as instrumental in a personal healing of a brain tumor. She shares the story in her book, Messengers of Ancient Wisdom.
In early 1990, a skull weighing more than 40 pounds, which was carved from rock quartz crystal but hollowed out, was donated to the Smithsonian Institution, in Washington. There was little or no documentation as to its authenticity. Since there was no documentable evidence of the age or origin of the skull, the curator determined not to place the skull in the museum for viewing until its authenticity was established.
During a lecture tour in Mexico many years ago, Nocerino was invited to a location in Guerro Provence, to assist in locating the buried ruins of an ancient city. It was during this visit that Nocerino provided the information as to the location of what he thought was an ancient temple. (Due to the current political situation in Mexico, the safety of those currently involved with this excavation would be compromised should I reveal the exact location of the excavation, or the name of the city.) Excavation of that location later revealed several carved crystal artifacts. Among these artifacts were two crystal skulls, one of which is currently owned by Nocerino, which is 13 pounds 3 ounces and is carved of clear quartz crystal. Nocerino calls the skull Sha-Na-Ra, in memory of a Shaman Healer he once knew. The second is currently owned by DaEl Walker, a well- known crystal researcher and author of several crystal healing books. It is smaller than Sha-Na-Ra, about 9 pounds, also quartz crystal. DaEl calls it The Rainbow Skull, due to the rainbow of colors that dance through the skull when in the natural light.
There were many other artifacts found at this location. Several small carved crystal skulls, half skulls which were hollow and a very rare and powerful item we call The Jaguar Man. It is five inches high, two inches in diameter and is carved of quartz crystal. It depicts the head of a Jaguar, with the head of a man in its mouth. The facial features of the man do not appear Mayan. This piece is currently owned by me, and is being exposed to extensive research. Excavation continues in this area and additional finds are expected.
The Pelton Foundation of Applied Paranormal Research, The Institute of Psychic and Hypnotic sciences and The Society of Crystal Skulls, International, launched a research project and video documentary which included the Rainbow, Sha-Na-Ra, E.T., Jesuit, Max, and the Agate Chip skulls. Members of the various organizations who were expert in the field of psychometry, scrying and gazing were brought in to work with the skulls in an attempt to learn more about the skulls using these methods. It would be the first time in recorded history that more than two authentic carved quartz crystal skulls would be together in one room at the same time.
Our project included X-rays, to determine if any were broken or had been more than one piece and glued together, laser light penetration, and startling close-up video of the skulls. The results of phase one of the project can be viewed in our production Skull Trek: The journey of the Crystal Skulls. This production also includes information and photographs of 16 additional crystal skulls, such as the Mitchell-Hedges, Paris, British, Marin, San Jose and Amethyst skulls to mention just a few. Portions of the scrying sessions are also provided.
Psychometry and scrying provided glimpses of the past and wonderful scenarios of ancient ceremonies. A connection with the fabled Atlantis was also brought out during one of the sessions. What were these magnificent objects used for? Who carved them? Is it possible that contemporary society can make use of their wisdom for physical and mental healing? Further research may provide the answers. Perhaps it will provide only more questions!
During my personal research with the skulls, I stumbled upon a phenomenon that I am continuing to pursue. While working with the skulls, performing scrying, I was using various colors and sounds. I placed the skull on a small light box and alternated several colors over the light source opening. After recording my sessions over a period of several weeks, I began a review of the results. I was shocked to learn that when I used a certain color over the light source it seemed to activate a time period. Researching my results further, I determined that each time I used the same color blue, for example, that I would revert to the same time frame. I could almost pick up where I left off at the end of the previous session that I used the particular color. The energy that these skulls produce is staggering. Are they indeed holding the knowledge of mankind? Were they left by an extraterrestrial intelligence? The ages of some of these skulls are estimated to be 100,000 years old. Without ancient documentation, psychometry may be the only tool that can be utilized to obtain the information. Our research continues daily.
In April of 1996, The BBC, in association with the British Museum and Everyman Productions, of London, performed tests on several crystal skulls to determine the age of the caning through electron microscope. Nick Nocerino was invited to bring Sha-Na-Ra. Carl and Jo Ann Parks were invited to bring Max. The British museum offered their Aztec skull and the Smithsonian Institution was invited to bring their 40-pound skull. Also included was a skull from Guatemala, an ancient gold and silver plated reliquary cross which rested in a carved crystal skull and a small skull. Anna Mitchell-Hedges was also invited. However, she declined.
A documentary was produced of the tests by the BBC. The results were shocking to the museum staff. It was determined that the British skull and the Smithsonian skull were not ancient, but in fact carved using very contemporary methods from the 1800s. Sha-Na-Ra and Max were also examined. While the officials of the museum would not publicly comment as to the results, it was confidentially revealed, by the antiquity expert brought to the museum by its officials, that the method used to carve Max and Sha-Na-Ra, was used more than 5000 years ago! The skull in the British museum was a fake. The Smithsonian skull was a fake. The Mitchell-Hedges skull? Well, we wonder why Anna declined. Her only comment was that it had been tested enough in the past. The BBC aired their documentary in July, 1996 and will be aired by U.S. television, however, no date has yet been set. In a letter to me from Everyman Productions, in London, it was reported by the BBC that they had never aired a program in this series with a larger audience.
The documentary produced as a result of the research project is titled Skull Trek: The Journey of the Crystal Skulls, and can be purchased from Pelton Publications as advertised in this issue of Atlantis Rising. Additional information about the crystal skulls can be obtained by writing F.R. Nick Nocerino, P. O. Box 302, Pinole, CA. 94564, Pelton Publications P. O. Box 377, Pinole, CA. 94564 or you can contact Carl and Jo Ann Parks, directly in Houston, Texas. Jo Ann travels extensively with Max. Her appearance schedule may be obtained from her or Pelton Publications. Joke van Dieten may be contacted directly in Miami Beach, Florida. She also is now traveling with E.T., Sha-Na-Ra, The Rainbow Skull and The Jaguar Man are not available for viewing, however, additional information regarding these artifacts can be obtained by contacting Mr. Nocerino or myself at Pelton Publications.
Source: Atlantis Rising, An Article In Issue Number 10 (Winter 97)
The Mystery of the Crystal Skulls: A Real Life Detective Story of the Ancient World
by Chris Morton, Ceri Louise Thomas
An old Native American legend tells of thirteen life-size crystal skulls, which are said to hold crucial information about humankind’s true purpose and future destiny. The skulls would be discovered and their secrets revealed when the human race was sufficiently developed. The authors hear of this legend while in the jungles of Belize and set out on a quest to discover its truth. “The Mystery of the Crystal Skulls” follows their journey from Maya temples to the British Museum, the Smithsonian, and to the crystal laboratories of Hewlett-Packard, where tests lead one scientist to conclude, “This {crystal} skull should not even exist.”
In the end, shamans and native elders reveal the sacred knowledge the skulls contain and answer the questions this enduring mystery raises: Are the skulls artifacts from the lost civilization of Atlantis, or are they extraterrestrial in origin?
Filed Under: Science, Strange Artifacts Tagged With: Amethyst Skull, ancient origin, ancient ruins, aztec civilizations, Brazilian Quartz Crystal Skull., British Crystal Skull, Crystal Skull Enigma, Crystal skull MAX, ET skull, healing properties, indigenous people, maya temples, Mayan Crystal Skull, Mitchell-Hedges Crystal Skull, mystery of the crystal skulls, native american legend, Paris Crystal Skull, Skullduggery, unexplained
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William Gaston, the Original Hoya
In doing research for February’s This Month in North Carolina History feature on “The Old North State,” the North Carolina state song, we came across an interesting bit of trivia. It turns out that William Gaston, who wrote the lyrics for the song, and who was one of the most prominent lay Catholics in early nineteenth-century America, was the first student to enroll at Georgetown College. He entered the recently-founded school on the Potamac River in 1791, but left before graduating, finishing his education at Princeton and then returning to North Carolina where he spent the rest of his life active in state and national politics.
Author Nicholas GrahamPosted on February 2, 2006 Categories Tar HeeliaLeave a comment on William Gaston, the Original Hoya
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Funeral Services for Arnold James Lewis of Winfield, MO will be held at 1:00 p.m. Friday, November 20, 2020 at First Baptist Church of Winfield in Winfield. Rev. Mike Ryan, pastor of Horseshoe Bend Baptist Church in Lake Ozark, MO, will officiate with burial in New Salem Cemetery near Winfield. Serving as pallbearers will be Tim Merchant, Donnie Sitton, Wesley Sitton, Shaun Creamer, Zachary Sitton and Kris Creamer. Mr. Lewis, 78, passed away Saturday, November 14, 2020 at his home. Born August 13, 1942 in Licking, MO, he was the youngest of seven children born to Johnie and Vesta Poe Lewis. Arnold was a 1961 graduate of Licking High School. He served his country in the United States Army, honorably discharged on January 6, 1966. Arnold was united in marriage on August 5, 1967 in Licking to Leona Marguerite “Lee” Merchant. This union was blessed with four daughters: Tracy, Tammy, Debbi and Denise; and one son, Daniel Wayne. Arnold worked as a paint inspector for General Motors, retiring September 1, 2004. He was a member of UAW Local #2250 in Wentzville, MO. Arnold was a faithful member and deacon of First Baptist Church of Winfield. He was preceded in death by his parents, Johnie and Vesta Lewis; his son, Daniel Wayne Lewis who died during childbirth on June 28, 1977; four brothers: Edgar Lewis, Eugene Lewis, Charles “Art” Lewis and Donald Lewis, who was his twin; and one sister, Shirley Chapman. Survivors include his beloved wife of 53 years, Lee Lewis of Winfield; four daughters: Tracy Lewis of Winfield, Tammy Sitton and her husband, Wesley, of Foley, MO, Debbi Creamer and her husband, Shaun, of Winfield and Denise Lewis of Winfield; and three grandchildren: Zachary Sitton, Kristopher Creamer and Ava Jo Creamer. Arnold also leaves one sister, Frances Thompson of Licking; several nieces, nephews, other relatives and friends. Visitation will be held from 10:00 a.m. until the time of Funeral Service at 1:00 p.m. Friday, November 20, 2020 at First Baptist Church of Winfield. Memorials may be made to the First Baptist Church of Winfield in care of Carter-Ricks Funeral Home, 3838 East Highway 47, P.O. Box 253, Winfield, MO 63389.
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In re Keasbey Mattison Co., Petitioner
Neirbo Co. v. Bethlehem Corp.
Both opinions were written by Mr. Justice Gray, who later accurately delimited the scope of the holdings in…
Western Loan Co. v. Butte Boston Min. Co.
Thereupon the plaintiff filed an amended complaint; the defendant repeated the same grounds of demurrer, and…
Full title:In re KEASBEY AND MATTISON COMPANY, Petitioner
Court:U.S.
Date published: Dec 16, 1895
160 U.S. 221 (1895)
16 S. Ct. 273
No. 6. Original.
Submitted October 14, 1895. Decided December 16, 1895.
By virtue of the act of March 3, 1887, c. 373, as corrected by the act of August 13, 1888, c. 866, a corporation incorporated by a State of the Union cannot be compelled to answer to a suit for infringement of a trade-mark under the act of March 3, 1881, c. 138, in a district in which it is not incorporated and of which the plaintiff is not an inhabitant, although it does business and has a general agent in that district.
Mr. Edward K. Jones for petitioner.
The questions to be passed on by this court are: (1) Whether or not that part of the first section of the act of March 3, 1887, c. 373, relating to the jurisdiction of the District and Circuit Courts as amended by the act of August 13, 1888, c. 866, which provides that "no civil suit shall be brought before either of said courts against any person by any original process or proceeding in any other district than that whereof he is an inhabitant," is applicable to suits brought under a prior special act of Congress authorizing the registration of certain trade-marks and providing remedies in the courts of the United States for their infringement, such special act in itself not containing any such restriction upon the exercise of jurisdiction; and (2) Whether or not, if the provision of the act of 1887, as amended, and above quoted, does apply to such suits, the defendant corporation has waived its privilege of being sued in the district of its residence by doing business and having agents for the transaction thereof in the State and district where the suit is brought, the laws of that State providing that such foreign or non-resident corporations shall be subject to suit therein as a condition to their right to do business there?
The case in no aspect can be considered to fall within the decisions of this court construing the application of the further provision of the first section of the judiciary act of 1887, as amended, declaring that "where the jurisdiction is founded only on the fact that the action is between citizens of different States suit shall be brought only in the district of the residence of either the plaintiff or the defendant," for the plain reason that the jurisdiction invoked in this case does not depend only on that fact.
The contention in behalf of the petitioner is,
(1) That there is really no question of jurisdiction at all in this case, as the learned judge of the Circuit Court supposed, the real question being whether or not the exercise of jurisdiction has been prohibited or restricted so as to exclude the defendant from its operation, upon its pleading the privilege of being sued only in the district of its residence or inhabitancy.
(2) That the provisions of the first section of the present judiciary act above quoted are inapplicable to this case, because the suit being founded on a special act of Congress, to wit, the act authorizing the registration and suits for the infringement of trade-marks; and that act contains no such prohibition or restriction.
(3) Even if the case is governed by the judiciary act of 1887, as amended, and conceding that the limitations of the exercise of jurisdiction above quoted would otherwise operate, the defendant has waived its privilege of being sued only in the district of its residence by doing business in the State and district where it is sued and committing there the injury for which the suit is brought.
The Circuit Court clearly has jurisdiction of the defendant corporation.
This proposition is evident not only from the express terms of the act relating to trade-marks, but also from the act of 1887, as amended.
There can, therefore, be no question of jurisdiction. The only question is, as before stated, whether or not the exercise of jurisdiction in a case like the present is, by some other provision of law, excluded or forbidden when pleaded by the defendant. In other words, has this defendant the privilege of being sued only in the district of its residence? or has it waived that privilege?
That the place or district where suits in the courts of the United States are to be brought is a mere privilege, which the defendant may waive, is well established. Ex parte Schollenberger, 96 U.S. 369; St. Louis San Francisco Railway v. McBride, 141 U.S. 127; Central Trust Co. v. McGeorge, 151 U.S. 129.
The present suit being founded on the special act of Congress relating to trade-marks, the privilege of being sued only in the district of the defendant's residence, provided by the act of 1887 as amended, does not apply.
Of course, it is not intended to be argued in behalf of the petitioner that this leaves a plaintiff to sue the defendant in any place or district he may select, as the learned Circuit Judge suggested at the argument in the Circuit Court. But it is argued that, as the trade-mark statute, unlike the act of 1887, does not confer upon defendants the privilege of being sued only in the districts of their residence, it leaves it to the Circuit Court to assume jurisdiction whenever the ordinary conditions to its exercise exist, i.e. whenever the defendant is present in such a way that courts of general jurisdiction may assert their authority over his person or property. And in the case of a foreign or non-resident corporation it is abundantly established that this condition exists whenever such foreign or non-resident corporation comes within the territorial limits of a State and Federal district, and there carries on business by agents or servants pursuant to local laws providing, as a condition to such corporation doing business there, that it shall submit to the authority of the courts of the place where it is thus permitted to exercise its functions. Ins. Co. v. French, 18 How. 404; Railroad Co. v. Harris, 12 Wall. 65; Ex parte Schollenberger, 96 U.S. 369; Railroad Co. v. Koontz, 104 U.S. 5, 10; St. Clair v. Cox, 106 U.S. 350; N.E. Mut. Ins. Co. v. Woodworth, 111 U.S. 138; In re Louisville Underwriters, 134 U.S. 488.
This suit being, therefore, as above stated, founded upon a special act of Congress, is not subject to the operation of the general Judiciary Act, as amended. In re Hohorst, 150 U.S. 653; United States v. Mooney, 116 U.S. 104.
By doing business in the State the laws of which require a non-resident corporation to designate a person upon whom service may be made, or, in case such designation be not made, that service may be made upon its managing agent, the defendant waived its privilege of being sued only in the place of its inhabitancy; and the suit not being one where jurisdiction depends only on diverse citizenship, the court is not only competent to take cognizance of the case, but may subject the defendant to its process.
Even if this case can be considered as subject to the operation of the act of 1887, as amended, the decisions in cases where the sole ground of jurisdiction was diverse citizenship do not apply, because, as previously observed, that is not the only ground of jurisdiction here. This is notably true of the cases of Shaw v. Quincy Mining Co., 145 U.S. 444; Southern Pacific Company v. Denton, 146 U.S. 202; and Empire Coal Co. v. Empire Coal Mining Co., 150 U.S. 159, relied upon by the respondents' counsel. Those were cases where the sole ground of jurisdiction was diverse citizenship, and both parties being nonresidents, it was held, upon a construction of the statute which provided that in such cases suit may be brought only in the place of the residence of the plaintiff or the defendant, the actions could not be maintained in any other district.
Therefore, conceding that the act of 1887, as amended, applies, this case rests upon the other clause which provides that "no civil suit shall be brought before either of the said courts against any person by any original process or proceeding in any other district than that whereof he is an inhabitant;" and under this clause it is insisted that the defendant may waive its privilege of being sued in its place of residence, and that it has waived it by doing business and having agents in the State and city of New York. Railroad Co. v. Harris, 12 Wall. 65; St. Clair v. Cox, 106 U.S. 350; New York, Lake Erie Western Railroad v. Estill, 147 U.S. 591. Mr. William A. Abbott opposing.
THIS was a petition for a writ of mandamus to the judges of the Circuit Court of the United States for the Southern District of New York, to command them to take jurisdiction and proceed against the E.L. Patch Company upon a bill in equity, filed in that court on January 26, 1895, by the petitioner, described in the bill as a corporation organized and existing under the laws of the State of Pennsylvania, against the E.L. Patch Company, alleged in the bill to be a corporation organized and existing under the laws of the State of Massachusetts, and having its principal office and place of business in the city and State of New York, and against Henry E.C. Kuehne and Edward H. Lubbers, alleged to be citizens of the United States and of the State of New York, and managing or general agents of the E.L. Patch Company in that State, for infringement of a trade-mark, owned by the petitioner, registered in the Patent Office under the laws of the United States, and used in commerce between the United States and several foreign nations named in the bill; and alleging that "this is a suit of a civil nature in equity, where the matter in dispute exceeds, exclusive of interest and costs, the sum or value of two thousand dollars, and arising under the laws of the United States, and also in which there is a controversy between citizens of different States, within the intent and meaning of the statute in such case made and provided."
Upon the filing of the bill in equity, a subpoena addressed to all the defendants was issued, and was served in the city of New York upon the E.L. Patch Company by exhibiting the original and delivering a copy to Kuehne, one of its managing agents in the district, and was also served upon Kuehne and Lubbers individually.
Upon the return of the subpoena, the E.L. Patch Company, by its solicitor appearing specially for this purpose, moved to set aside the alleged service of the subpoena upon the company; and the Circuit Court, upon a hearing, ordered that the motion be granted, and that service set aside as null and void, and the company relieved from appearing to plead or answer to the bill.
MR. JUSTICE GRAY, after stating the case, delivered the opinion of the court.
This case presents a single question of jurisdiction of the Circuit Court of the United States, and involves no consideration of the merits of the cause of action asserted in the bill filed in that court.
By the act of March 3, 1881, c. 138, "owners of trade-marks used in commerce with foreign nations, or with the Indian tribes, provided such owners shall be domiciled in the United States, or located in any foreign country or tribe which by treaty, convention or law affords similar privileges to citizens of the United States, may obtain registration of such trade-marks," by causing to be recorded in the Patent Office a statement and description thereof, and complying with other requirements of the act. 21 Stat. 502.
By section 7 of that act, "any person who shall reproduce, counterfeit, copy, or colorably imitate any trade-mark registered under this act, and affix the same to merchandise of substantially the same descriptive properties as those described in the registration, shall be liable to an action on the case for damages for the wrongful use of said trade-mark at the suit of the owner thereof; and the party aggrieved shall also have his remedy, according to the course of equity, to enjoin the wrongful use of such trade-mark used in foreign commerce or commerce with Indian tribes, as aforesaid, and to recover compensation therefor in any court having jurisdiction over the person guilty of such wrongful act; and courts of the United States shall have original and appellate jurisdiction in such cases, without regard to the amount in controversy."
By section 11, nothing in this act shall be construed "to give cognizance to any court of the United States in an action or suit between citizens of the same State, unless the trade-mark in controversy is used on goods intended to be transported to a foreign country, or in lawful commercial intercourse with an Indian tribe."
While section 7 provides that "courts of the United States shall have original and appellate jurisdiction in such cases, without regard to the amount in controversy;" and while the provision of section 11, that nothing in the act shall be construed to give "cognizance to any court of the United States in an action or suit between citizens of the same State," unless the trade-mark is used in commerce with a foreign country or an Indian tribe, implies that a suit for infringement of a trade-mark used in such commerce may be maintained in some court of the United States; yet neither of those sections, and no other provision of the act, specifies in what court of the United States, or in what district, suits under the act may be brought; but the jurisdiction of such suits, in these respects, is left to be ascertained from the acts regulating the jurisdiction of the courts of the United States.
At the time of the passage of the Trade-Mark Act of 1881, the only act to which reference could be had to ascertain such jurisdiction was the Judiciary Act of March 3, 1875, c. 137, § 1, providing that "the Circuit Courts of the United States shall have original cognizance, concurrent with the courts of the several States, of all suits of a civil nature, at common law or in equity, where the matter in dispute exceeds, exclusive of costs, the sum or value of five hundred dollars, and arising under the Constitution or laws of the United States, or treaties made, or which shall be made, under their authority," "or in which there shall be a controversy between citizens of different States," "or a controversy between citizens of a State and foreign States, citizens or subjects." "But no person shall be arrested in one district for trial in another in any civil action before a Circuit or District Court. And no civil suit shall be brought before either of said courts against any person, by any original process or proceeding, in any other district than that whereof he is an inhabitant, or in which he shall be found at the time of serving such process or commencing such proceeding," except in certain cases not material to the present inquiry. 18 Stat. 470.
The restriction of jurisdiction, with respect to amount, in the act of 1875, was perhaps superseded, as to trade-mark cases, by the express provision of section 7 of the act of 1881; but the jurisdiction, with regard to the court, as well as to the district, in which such suits should be brought, was controlled by the act of 1875, as the only act in force upon the subject. Under the provision of that act, which allowed a defendant to be sued in the district of which he was an inhabitant, or in that in which he was found, a corporation could doubtless have been sued either in the district in which it was incorporated, or in any district in which it carried on business and had a general agent. Ex parte Schollenberger, 96 U.S. 369, 377; New England Ins. Co. v. Woodworth, 111 U.S. 138, 146; Shaw v. Quincy Mining Co., 145 U.S. 444, 452; Southern Pacific Co. v. Denton, 146 U.S. 202, 207.
But when this suit was brought, the first section of the Judiciary Act of 1875 had been amended by the act of March 3, 1887, c. 373, as corrected by the act of August 13, 1888, c. 866, in the parts above quoted, by substituting, for the jurisdictional amount of $500, exclusive of costs, the amount of $2000, exclusive of interest and costs; and by striking out, after the clause "and no civil suit shall be brought before either of said courts against any person by any original process or proceeding in any other district than that whereof he is an inhabitant," the alternative, "or in which he shall be found at the time of serving such process, or commencing such proceeding," and by adding "but where the jurisdiction is founded only on the fact that the action is between citizens of different States, suit shall be brought only in the district of the residence of either the plaintiff or the defendant." 24 Stat. 552; 25 Stat. 433.
The last clause is added by way of proviso to the next preceding clause, which, in its present form, forbids any suit to be brought in any other district than that of which the defendant is an inhabitant; and the effect is that, in every suit between citizens of the United States, when the jurisdiction is founded upon any of the grounds mentioned in this section, other than the citizenship of the parties, it must be brought in the district of which the defendant is an inhabitant; but when the jurisdiction is founded only on the fact that the parties are citizens of different States, the suit shall be brought in the district of which either party is an inhabitant. And it is established by the decisions of this court that, within the meaning of this act, a corporation cannot be considered a citizen, an inhabitant or a resident of a State in which it has not been incorporated; and, consequently, that a corporation incorporated in a State of the Union cannot be compelled to answer to a civil suit, at law or in equity, in a Circuit Court of the United States held in another State, even if the corporation has a usual place of business in that State. McCormick Co. v. Walthers, 134 U.S. 41, 43; Shaw v. Quincy Mining Co., 145 U.S. 444; Southern Pacific Co. v. Denton, 146 U.S. 202. Those cases, it is true, were of the class in which the jurisdiction is founded only upon the fact that the parties are citizens or corporations of different States. But the reasoning on which they proceeded is equally applicable to the other class, mentioned in the same section, of suits arising under the Constitution, laws or treaties of the United States; and the only difference is that, by the very terms of the statute, a suit of this class is to be brought in the district of which the defendant is an inhabitant, and cannot, without the consent of the defendant, be brought in any other district, even in one of which the plaintiff is an inhabitant.
When the parties are citizens of different States, so that the case comes within the general grant of jurisdiction in the first part of the section, the defendant, by entering a general appearance in a suit brought against him in a district of which he is not an inhabitant, waives the right to object that it is brought in the wrong district. Interior Construction Co. v. Gibney, ante, 217, and cases there cited. But a corporation, by doing business or appointing a general agent in a district other than that in which it is created, does not waive its right, if seasonably availed of, to insist that the suit should have been brought in the latter district. Shaw v. Quincy Mining Co. and Southern Pacific Co. v. Denton, above cited.
In the case of Hohorst, petitioner, 150 U.S. 653, on which the petitioner in this case principally relied, the decision was that the provision of the act of 1888, forbidding suits to be brought in any other district than that of which the defendant is an inhabitant, had no application to an alien or a foreign corporation sued here, and especially in a suit for infringement of a patent right; and therefore such a firm or corporation might be so sued by a citizen of a State of the Union in any district in which valid service could be made on the defendant. That case is distinguishable from the one now before the court in two essential particulars: First. It was a suit against a foreign corporation, which, like an alien, is not a citizen or an inhabitant of any district within the United States; and was therefore not within the scope or intent of the provision requiring suit to be brought in the district of which the defendant is an inhabitant. See Galveston c. Railway v. Gonzales, 151 U.S. 496. Second. It was a suit for infringement of a patent right, exclusive jurisdiction of which had been granted to the Circuit Courts of the United States by section 629, cl. 9, and section 711, cl. 5, of the Revised Statutes, reënacting earlier acts of Congress; and was therefore not affected by general provisions regulating the jurisdiction of the courts of the United States, concurrent with that of the several States.
In United States v. Mooney, 116 U.S. 104, it was likewise held that the first section of the Judiciary Act of 1875 did not take away the exclusive jurisdiction, conferred by earlier statutes upon the District Courts of the United States, over suits for the recovery of penalties and forfeitures under the customs laws of the United States.
No such rule is applicable to a suit for infringement of a trade-mark under the act of 1881. That act, while conferring upon the courts of the United States, in general terms, jurisdiction over such suits, without regard to the amount in controversy, does not specify either the court or the district of the United States in which such suits shall be brought; nor does it assume to take away or impair the jurisdiction which the courts of the several States always had over suits for infringement of trade-marks.
This suit, then, assuming it to be maintainable under the act of 1881, is one of which the courts of the United States have jurisdiction concurrently with the courts of the several States. The only existing act of Congress, which enables it to be brought in the Circuit Court of the United States, is the act of 1888. The suit comes within the terms of that act, both as arising under a law of the United States, and as being between citizens of different States. In either aspect, by the provisions of the same act, the defendant cannot be compelled to answer in a district of which neither the defendant nor the plaintiff is an inhabitant. The objection, having been seasonably taken by the defendant corporation, appearing specially for the purpose, was rightly sustained by the Circuit Court.
Whether the provision in section 7 of the Trade-Mark Act of 1881, that the courts of the United States should have original jurisdiction in such cases, without regard to the amount in controversy, would control the pecuniary limit of jurisdiction in the subsequent act of 1888, as in the prior act of 1875, of which that act was an amendment, it is unnecessary to consider, because this bill distinctly alleges that the matter in dispute exceeds, exclusive of interest and costs, the sum or value of $2000.
Writ of mandamus denied.
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Title An ecclesiastical and astronomical calendar, together with the tables and figures of the zodiac
Description A folding calendar on a sheet of parchment divided into two rows of 24 sections each.
In both rows on one side, is a perpetual calendar running from January to December and marking saints' days and Christian festivals. Each month is represented in a table spread across four folds with a row representing each day of the month. The second half of January is missing. The ruling is in red and green inks. Feast days are colour coded according to their importance, with those written in blue ink being the most important Marian feasts, followed by other major feasts such as Christmas in red ('red letter days'), evangelists', apostles' and martyrs' days in green, and finally the lesser feasts in black. Entries in red include Edwardii Regis and Translacio Edwardi Regis (20 March, 13 October); in black, Translacio Mildride (13 July). Each feast is illustrated by a conventional head, sideways, in coloured penwork: kings crowned, abbots tonsured etc. and accompanied by their symbol (keys for St Peter, a lion for Mark the apostle etc.)
On the other side, the other way up: (a) in the upper row, the sign of the zodiac in each month, followed by its occupation, mostly agricultural in character - picking apples, slaughtering livestock etc.; (b) in the lower row, an astronomical calendar, 1 January to 15 June on 22 folds, four to a month. Each monthly tables lists the following in columns: the day of the month (in arabic numerals), the dominical letter (a method used to determine the day of the week for particular dates based on when the first Sunday fell in the year), the Roman calendar organised by Kalends, Nones and Ides (used throughout the Middle Ages), the Golden Number (used to indicate the dates of all the calendric new moons from which the dates of moveable feasts syuch as Easter are calculated), the length of the night and the length of the day in hours and minutes, the rising of the Sun ('Sol' the sun's angle at sunrise in relation to the ecliptic) and the date, hour and minute in a year on which the conjunction of the sun and moon will occur for three 19 year cycles.
(a) The January sign and occupation are missing. The December occupation came on the fold which was exposed when the sheet was closed and has been rubbed away.
(b) The first two folds were left blank.
Extent 1 volume, MS Very Small (vol)
Format Manuscript
Physical description Vellum, folding sheet, in a slip case. When closed measures 97 x 62 mm and when open twenty four times 62mm in width and twice 97mm in height. Originally two rows, each of twenty four folds, but the first folds in the lower row ( lower if the sheet is looked at from the side containing art) are missing and the first fold in the upper row has been sewn to the foot of the second fold. Three membranes were joined to make a sheet.
Notes The calendar has been dated by Pamela Robinson, Institute of English Studies, University of London. She determined a likely date range of 1383 to 1415 based on certain saints' days. St Anne, mother of the Virgin, whose feast was established in England in 1383 is represented on the calendar but David and Chad, adopted in 1415, are not. St George's day is listed in black, as a minor feast day, suggesting a date before the elevation of his feast to a 'red letter day', which took place after the battle of Agincourt in 1415.
Access status Closed
Access conditions Not suitable for handling due to fragile state
Related material Seven colour digital images, Richardiii/Images general TIffs/IM/005739 1-7
P Robinson, 'A 'very curious Almanack'; the gift of Sir Robert Moray FRS, 1688'. in NR 2008 vol 62 pp 301-314
NA8261 Moray; Sir; Robert (1608 - 1673) 1608 - 1673
Classified Papers
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Bishop Vincent: Holy Thursday is shorthand for the commandment of love
Bishop Vincent Long OFM Conv washing the feet of 12 young people. Image: Diocese of Parramatta.
Bishop Vincent Long OFM Conv celebrated the evening Mass of the Lord’s Supper at St Patrick’s Cathedral, Parramatta on 29 March 2018.
During the Mass, which is held in commemoration of the Last Supper of Jesus Christ, Bishop Vincent OFM Conv washed the feet of 12 young people.
The 12 young people were chosen as the liturgical year of 2018 has been designated the Year of Youth by the Australian Catholic Bishops.
In his homily, Bishop Vincent OFM Conv called the Holy Thursday Mass and the Eucharist as the expression of love, “Tonight, we have come together to celebrate the Sacred Triduum beginning with Maundy Thursday, which is a shorthand for the commandment of love. The Eucharist is therefore both the expression of God’s sacrificial love for us and our mutual love for one another.”
READ: Bishop Vincent’s homily
“Jesus also demonstrates how this new exodus is lived by the dramatic gesture of washing of the feet. It subverts worldly notion of greatness, power and leadership. The greatest has to become the smallest; the powerful has to become the powerless; and the leader has to become the servant.
“In effect, this goes to the heart of Christian discipleship. It illustrates powerfully to the disciples and all who wish to embark on this exodus what it means to be his follower. It is a stark reminder of our commitment to be servants in imitation of the Servant Leader who came not to be served but to serve and to give his life for others.”
VIEW: Images from Holy Thursday Mass below or click here.
Earlier that day, Bishop Vincent OFM Conv also washed the feet of 12 prisoners during a visit to John Morony Correctional Complex.
To read about Bishop Vincent washing the feet of prisoners, click here.
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Bishop Vincent homily from 26 February, 2017
Homily at Pontifical Mass for the 8th Sunday in Ordinary Time in Year A 2017 with the Tamil Chaplaincy at Sacred Heart Parish, Westmead.
Most Reverend Vincent Long Van Nguyen OFM Conv DD STL, Bishop of Parramatta
I greet you very warmly as we gather to celebrate the Eucharist together. I feel a strong sense of kinship and solidarity with you the Eelam Tamils who like the Vietnamese people have been scattered all over the world. I visited your beloved country many times during the time of the civil war. I heard many accounts of the terrible things you suffered, especially during the final assault which was carried out ruthlessly in Jaffna. May God who suffered with us in Christ, who brings good out of evil, life out of death and joy out of sorrow restore true peace, justice, healing and reconciliation to your country and your people.
The Word of God this Sunday does not give us the detail as to how to deal with contemporary issues such as racial tension and sectarian violence. It does, however, challenge us to give radical priority to the Kingdom. It does call us to adhere with unambiguous and indeed unconditional commitment to the ethical demands of being a disciple of Jesus. We cannot be the Church authentically if the care of the vulnerable, which is the core Christian value is missing in action.
I greet you very warmly as we gather to celebrate the Eucharist together.
In the last few Sundays, we have been treated with the unique and authoritative teachings of Jesus. He has drawn a sharp distinction between himself and the Pharisees, both in style and substance. For example, holiness for him has to do with integrity, love and service, rather than a mere observance of rituals that draw attention to one’s status and self-importance. He has challenged his disciples to go beyond the letter of the law, beyond the minimum requirements to a life fully lived with authenticity, humility and self-giving love. Commands like “love your enemy and pray for those who persecute you” are a giant leap from the law of retribution like “eye for eye and tooth for tooth”. Yet disarming violence with nonviolence and indeed with benevolence is the key to the uniqueness and the radicalness of Jesus’ vision. This is where the rubber hits the road in terms of applying the fundamental ethics of the kingdom that Jesus has been at pains to inculcate his disciples.
Today’s Gospel episode continues the theme of the uniqueness and radicalness of the teachings of Jesus. It contains some seemingly unrealistic and naive injunctions like do not worry about what to eat how to clothe one’s body. Yet it does not tell us how to provide for ourselves except by looking at birds and flowers. Sometimes we wished life was that simple and we could just go to the hills and sing our problems away. But we know singing “Don’t worry, be happy” or “The hills are alive with the sound of music” won’t solve our problems. We also know that Jesus was the most grounded man alive. He didn’t live on cloud nine. His poetic exhortations are a way to drive home the central theme: “Set your hearts on God’s Kingdom first and on his righteousness”.
May God who suffered with us in Christ, who brings good out of evil, life out of death and joy out of sorrow restore true peace, justice, healing and reconciliation to your country and your people.
What does it mean by setting our hearts on God’s Kingdom and his righteousness? Well, the example of Jesus shows us the way. It is to love others with unrequited love, like the love of the mother towards her child that Isaiah speaks about the first reading. It is, in the words of another prophet, to act with justice, to love with tenderness and to walk with humility with our God. It is to resist any form of cruelty, evil, prejudice and injustice with prophetic boldness. It is to show empathy and generosity towards the poor, the marginalised, the downtrodden and the vulnerable.
Dear brothers and sisters,
It is easy for us to be preoccupied with our immediate needs such as our well-being, our job, our mortgage, our children’s education etc… What Jesus teaches today is not that we shouldn’t be concerned about these things. Rather we should not be concerned about them in the same way the pagans or the people without faith are. If our faith makes a difference at all to the way we go about our daily preoccupations, it must permeate everything we do; it must give direction and meaning to every decision we make. In essence, Jesus challenges us to let the Gospel be our daily compass, to make his word and example our guide and to orientate all that we do to his purpose.
May we ever remain vigilant and focused on doing God’s will and building His Kingdom.
Many of you, I suspect, did not come to Australia as economic migrants. You probably did not bring a lot of material possessions with you. What you did bring was another kind of wealth, a wealth of faith, faith that had been tested in the crucible of suffering. This is the most important asset and one that you need to safeguard and pass it on to the next generation. As long as we possess this tested faith, we can deal with whatever life throws at us.
You are like God’s people who were taken into exile. Yet in God’s wonderful design, they were formed into missionaries for others. Perhaps God is doing the same with you turning you into his instruments for secular Australia and for your homeland too. Let us not lose sight of our spiritual legacy and our mission. Let us pray that our lives may be firmly grounded in faith, which will enable us to discern God’s purpose for us. May we ever remain vigilant and focused on doing God’s will and building His Kingdom.
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Sacred and human: New Washington art exhibit shows both sides of Mary
A woman looks at a painting during a Dec. 3 press preview tour of the "Picturing Mary: Woman, Mother Idea" exhibit at the National Museum of Women in the Arts in Washington. The exhibit runs Dec. 5 through April12, 2015. (CNS photo/Bob Roller)
By Carol Zimmermann • Catholic News Service • Posted December 5, 2014
WASHINGTON (CNS) — If the saints, because of their sheer holiness, can sometimes seem hard to relate to, the life of Mary, the mother of Jesus, can seem even more distant.
But a new exhibition of Western European artwork portraying Mary during the 14th through the 17th centuries shows her in another light and reminds viewers that she was indeed human. Artists portrayed her holding a squirming son, resting during a long journey, visiting her cousin and watching her grown son die.
The exhibition, “Picturing Mary: Woman, Mother, Idea” at Washington’s National Museum of Women in the Arts Dec. 5-April 12, includes more than 60 works of art from well-known Renaissance and Baroque artists, including Botticelli, Michelangelo, Durer, Titian, Rembrandt and Caravaggio. It also features the work of four women artists: Sofonisba Anguissola, Artemisia Gentileschi, Orsola Maddalena Caccia and Elisabetta Sirani.
(See a related video)
The works — primarily paintings but also some sculptures, textiles and etchings — are predominantly from Italian museums, churches and private collections, and many have never been on display in the United States.
“Religious visitors will be deeply moved” by the exhibit, but it will also “speak to nonbelievers” about our universal experience and the importance of a mother’s embrace, said the exhibit’s curator, Msgr. Timothy Verdon, an art historian who was born in New Jersey but lives in Florence, Italy, where he directs the archdiocese’s Office of Sacred Art and Church Cultural Heritage and the Cathedral Foundation Museum.
The priest, who led a group of reporters on a tour of the exhibit Dec. 3, did not hesitate to point out works of art that particularly highlighted Mary’s humanity.
In some of the typical Madonna and Child poses, Jesus is either playing with Mary’s hands or her veil. One marble relief from 1340, originally on the bell tower of a church in Florence, shows a smiling Mary tickling a laughing baby Jesus.
“It’s a miracle in its ordinariness,” Msgr. Verdon told reporters.
Mary is shown barefooted, sleeping and about to breast-feed. She is often looking down at Jesus and in some works she is sad and contemplative. She sits on a throne, is approached by angels and sits on the ground in the two renditions of the Holy Family’s flight into Egypt, including one by Caravaggio where Joseph holds the sheet music for an angel playing the violin for the family.
The works are also full of religious symbols. In a Botticelli painting, Mary is reading from Scripture or a book of prayers while holding the infant Jesus, or the “word made flesh” as Msgr. Verdon noted. The infant is holding gold nails in one hand and wearing a gold crown of thorns on his wrist. The priest said the symbolic items were likely added later by another artist.
Another painting, with Mary holding Jesus with one hand and supporting a wooden cross with the other, also includes an angel holding a crown of flowers and a crown of thorns, depicting the “sweetness” of religious life and also the suffering that goes along with it, the priest noted.
The special exhibit, which will only be shown at the Washington museum, was four years in the making and is part of a partnership with the Italian Embassy and The Catholic University of America, which is sponsoring a number of programs throughout the year related to the exhibit.
Nora Heimann, chair of Catholic University’s art department and associate professor of art history, said the partnership was “a unique fit.”
In a Nov. 18 interview, she told Catholic News Service that the exhibit brings out “all the showstoppers” by great artists.
One of her favorites is Rembrandt’s small etching called “The Death of the Virgin,” which depicts an elderly Mary in bed surrounded by onlookers, people praying, someone taking her pulse, children playing on the floor at the bed’s edge, and angels hovering overhead.
“I have a soft spot for Rembrandt,” she said, noting his style of humility and sensitivity.
Her other favorite, which she notes is on the other end of the spectrum, is Caravaggio’s “Rest on the Flight into Egypt,” which she said “almost steals the show” with its “exuberance that grabs you by the throat and says, ‘Look at me.'”
To see an interactive display, visit http://nmwa.org/exhibitions/picturing-mary-woman-mother-idea.
PREVIOUS: University programs go along with art exhibition of Mary in Washington
NEXT: New books illuminate St. Katharine’s interior life
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Son of famous Spanish-speaking journalist Enrique Gratas killed in Sylmar car crash
By ABC7.com staff
Firefighters respond to a fatal crash involving a big rig and multiple cars that shut down the 210 Freeway transition to the I-5 on Monday, Jan. 11, 2016.
SYLMAR, LOS ANGELES (KABC) -- The son of a former Univision and Telemundo anchor was identified as the man killed in a crash involving a big rig on a freeway transition in Sylmar on Monday.
Pablo Gratas, 47, of Valencia, died at the scene of the crash that happened on the westbound 210 Freeway transition to the northbound 5 Freeway at 4 p.m.
Gratas is the son of Enrique Gratas, who was regarded as one of the most respected Spanish-speaking journalists.
Enrique Gratas most recently anchored for Estrella TV in Los Angeles before he died from an illness on October 8 at the age of 71.
His son was driving a 2002 Toyota Camry when it collided with a semi-truck, according to the California Highway Patrol.
Two other cars were also involved in the crash. The driver of the big rig suffered minor injuries, and the other motorists were not injured.
The CHP said drugs nor alcohol are not believed to be a factor in the crash.
The City News Service contributed to this report.
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Michael Sam unclaimed on waivers
Michael Sam went unclaimed on waivers Sunday and is now free to sign with an NFL team's practice squad.
The defensive end was waived Saturday by the St. Louis Rams as they cut their roster down to the maximum 53 players for the 2014 season.
Sam became the first openly gay player to be selected in the NFL draft when he was picked by the Rams in the seventh round.
He had been battling undrafted rookie Ethan Westbrooks for a final roster spot. Westbrooks was one of nine defensive linemen to make the team.
Sam arrived at Rams Park on Sunday for a face-to-face exit meeting with Rams coach Jeff Fisher. The meeting was postponed a day so Sam could attend Missouri's opening victory over South Dakota State.
Sam tweeted thanks to the Rams on Saturday for giving him a chance to prove he can play in the NFL, saying in a series of tweets that he looks "forward to continuing to build on the progress I made here toward a long and successful career."
The most worthwhile things in life rarely come easy, this is a lesson I've always known. The journey continues.
- Michael Sam (@MichaelSamNFL) August 30, 2014On Saturday, Rams coach Jeff Fisher made no guarantees of Sam securing a spot on the team's 10-man practice squad because of the team's needs for more bodies at other positions.
"The practice squad is heavily dependent on what you do in other positions," Fisher said. "We've got, for example, it's well noted that [CB] Trumaine [Johnson] is going to be down for a few weeks, [C/G] Barrett [Jones] is going to be down for a few weeks. We may have to go heavy in the other positions. If you're familiar with our roster right now, we've got five linebackers, for example; we need linebackers on the practice squad. I'm not going to go into what his odds are or what those opportunities are until we sift through things tomorrow."
ESPN NFL Insider Adam Schefter, ESPN.com's Nick Wagoner and The Associated Press contributed to this report.
Michael Sam To Rams' Practice Squad?
Herm Edwards shares his advice for Michael Sam, who was cut by the Rams on Saturday.
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Hundreds of dams lack emergency plans in rain-soaked South
Heavy rains and recent flooding across the Southeastern U.S. have highlighted a potential public safety concern for some dams. An Associated Press review has identified hundreds of high-hazard dams in the South that lack formal emergency action plans
By DAVID A. LIEB, MICHELLE MINKOFF and SUDHIN THANAWALA Associated Press
When recent heavy rains swelled a private Mississippi lake and began eroding its earthen dam, Yazoo County Emergency Management Director Jack Willingham was scrambling for a plan.
He had no contact information for any of the homeowners who might need to evacuate, so he drove to the scene and began knocking on doors.
“I was just fortunate that this was a small area and I was able to do it on my own, door-to-door, grunt work,” Willingham said.
The dam just north of the state capital of Jackson — known as MS04462 in a state database — had no official hazard rating, no record of state inspections and no formal emergency action plan mapping out the expected flood zone, whom to contact and whom to evacuate were it to fail. It's one of more than 1,000 dams in Mississippi that remain unclassified because of a backlog of work for state regulators.
An Associated Press review also found hundreds of other dams lacking official emergency plans that are located dangerously close to homes in Southeastern states that have been swamped by heavy rains and severe flooding in recent weeks. The AP focused on high-hazard dams — a rating determined by federal or state regulators that means the loss of human life is likely if a dam fails.
The AP review identified 578 high-hazard dams regulated by state or federal agencies that lacked emergency action plans in North Carolina as of summer 2018. It found 259 such dams in Georgia, 111 in Mississippi and 101 in South Carolina. Though the specific numbers may have changed since then (Mississippi now has 106 high-hazard dams without emergency plans), the general problem has not.
“It’s important that every dam, and especially those that are considered high-hazard potential, have an emergency action plan," said Mark Ogden, a former Ohio dam safety official who now is a technical specialist with the Association of State Dam Safety Officials.
Emergency action plans can be useful for local government officials, emergency personnel responding to a disaster and people who live in valleys downstream from dams.
The emergency plan for Mississippi's Oktibbeha County Lake Dam, which partially collapsed in a mudslide last month, lists the addresses and names of more than 100 property owners in the Starkville area who could be subject to evacuation if the dam fails. The plan includes color maps showing the potential inundation area and lists roads that would need to be closed. It also describes specific steps to be taken depending on the type of problem at the dam, with the phone numbers of various local and state emergency personnel who should be notified.
Mississippi requires emergency action plans for all high-hazard dams, as well as for some with significant hazard ratings, which apply to dams whose failure could damage multiple roads or public utilities but are unlikely to kill people.
The Yazoo County dam that developed problems during the recent rain storms had not received a hazard rating because of a backlog at the state regulatory agency. It was one of several thousand previously unregulated dams that came to the attention of the Mississippi Department of Environmental Quality during a 2016 survey of aerial images and geographic information system data, said William McKercher, chief of the Dam Safety Division.
The survey doubled the dams in the state's inventory from about 3,400 to 6,800, he said. Several years later, his office is still working to establish hazard levels for each dam, which would determine whether formal emergency plans and regular inspections are required.
Emergency action plans are mandated for all high-hazard dams by 43 states and Puerto Rico, according to a survey by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. The exceptions include Alabama, the only state without a dam regulatory office, along with Florida, Indiana, Iowa, Kentucky, Vermont and Wyoming.
Even in states that require emergency plans, the AP review shows some dams still lack them. That's because many dams are privately owned, and state agencies have limited powers to force owners to hire professionals to develop the plans, which can cost thousands of dollars.
“Funding is probably the biggest issue," said Ogden, of the dam safety association. "Given the size of the dam and complexity of what could be inundated downstream, it can require significant investment in engineering to do the modeling to determine what areas would be impacted.”
In Georgia, state officials updated rules for emergency action plans in 2016 to make it clear that dam owners had to complete them, said Tom Woosley, manager of the state’s Safe Dams Program. Since then, the number of high-hazard dams with emergency plans has steadily risen, although some private dam owners still aren't complying.
Dam owners who shirk requirements to develop emergency plans could face fines in Georgia, but Woosley said he can't recall that actually happening.
In many cases, “the dam doesn’t generate money, so any money going towards a fine is money going away from fixing a dam,” Woosley said.
North Carolina in 2014 began requiring all dams designated as high- or intermediate-hazard to have emergency action plans. Since January 2019, the state has received 183 new emergency plans from dam owners. But 543 of the 1,272 high-hazard dams under the jurisdiction of the state Department of Environmental Quality still lack emergency plans, as do 181 of the 247 intermediate hazard dams, department spokesman Rob Johnson said.
The department “is committed to bringing all dams into compliance with the law,” he said. But he said the “dam safety program is under-staffed and under-resourced," with nearly 18 full-time employees to keep track of nearly 6,000 dams in the state.
That's still significantly more staff than is available in Mississippi. The dam safety program there is authorized to have seven people but currently has just three because of vacancies, McKercher said. The office is redirecting some of the unused money for staff salaries to hire contractors to complete emergency action plans for dams in defunct or underfunded watershed districts, he said.
Had the dam in Yazoo County's Springridge Place subdivision been previously inspected, officials might have noticed the clogged spillway pipes that caused water to flow over the top of the dam on Feb. 11 and wash away part of its embankment. And had an emergency action plan existed for the dam, it could have saved considerable stress for local emergency officials.
“If we had a plan in place that said hey, here’s the problem, here’s the numbers we need to call, we can go step-by-step and I could have done it without even being out there,” Willingham said.
Lieb reported from Jefferson City, Missouri, and Thanawala reported from Atlanta. Minkoff, a member of AP's data team, reported from Washington, D.C.
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The Historicity of the Kabaah
Posted on September 4, 2013 by Ijaz Ahmad 4 comments
By Kaleef K. Karim.
Edited by Ijaz Ahmad (spelling, formatting, content, etc).
One of the recent things I have heard from Christian missionaries, when debating with them is that they say, the Ka’bah in Mecca where Muslims go for pilgrimage annually has no history before the advent of the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him). These ridiculous and fictitious claims have no basis whatsoever. I shall now bring forth evidences that Kabaah in Makah did exist before the coming of Muhammad (peace be upon him).
Diodorus Siculus (Born: 90 BC – Died: 30 BC)
Diodorus Siculus was a Greek historian, who wrote works of history in the 1st Century BC. He is known for the monumental universal history Bibliotheca historica. Diodorus is the first known Historian long before the coming of Islam that makes mention of Mecca.
Reverend Charles Augustus Goodrich a Christian, was an American author and Congregational minister comments on Kaaba and Mecca, although, he is not fond of the Prophet Muhammed (pbuh), but he is sincere in admitting that Ka’bah existed at time of Patriarchs. He says:
“Among the variety of fabulous traditions which have been propagated by the followers of Mahomet, concerning the origin of this building, we find it asserted, that its existence is coeval with our parents, and that it was built by Adam, after his expulsion from paradise, from a representation of the celestial temple, which the almighty let down from heaven in curtains of light and placed in Mecca, perpendicular under the original. To this the patriarch was commanded to turn his face when he prayed, and to compass it by way of devotion, as the angels did the heavenly one. After the destruction of this temple by the deluge, it was rebuilt by Abraham and his son Ishmael on the same spot, and after the same model, according to directions, which they received by revelation; and since that time, it has continued to be the object of veneration to Ishmael’s descendants. Whatever discredit we may give to these, and other ravings of the Moslem imposter concerning the Caaba its high antiquity cannot be disputed; and the most probable account is, that it was built and used for religious purposes by some of the early patriarchs; and after the introduction of idols, it came to be appropriated to the reception of the pagan divinities. Diodorus Siculus, in his description of the cost of the Red Sea, mentions this temple as being, in his time, held in great veneration by all Arabians; and Pocoke informs us, that the linen or silken veil, with which it is covered, was first offered by a pious King of the Hamyarites, seven hundred years before the time of Mahomet.” [1]
John Reynell Morell says:
“…historically speaking, Mecca was a holy city long before Mohammed. Diodorus siculus, following agatharcides, relates that not far from the red sea, between the country of the Sabeans and of the Thamudites there existed a celebrated temple, venerated throughout Arabia.”[2]
Encyclopædia Britannica: Or, A Dictionary of Arts, sciences and Miscellaneous Literature, Edited by Colin Macfarquhar says:
“the science of astronomy was cultivated at Babylon; but the school of the Arabs was a clear firmament and a naked plain. In their nocturnal marches, they steered by the guidance of the stars: their names and order, daily station were familiar to the curiosity and devotion of the bedoween; and he was taught by experience to divide in 28 parts the Zodiac of the moon, and to bless the constellations who refreshed, with salutary rains, the thirst of the desert. The reign of the heavenly orbs could not be extended beyond the visible sphere; and some metaphorical powers were necessary to sustain the transmigration of the souls and the resurrection of bodies: a camel was left to perish on the grave, that he might serve his master in another life; and the invocation of departed spirits implies that they were still endowed with consciousness and power. Each tribe, each family, each independent warrior, created and changed the rites and the object of this fantastic worship; but the nation in every age has bowed to the religion as well as to the language, of Mecca. The genuine antiquity of the Caaba extends beyond the Christian era: in describing the coast of the Red Sea, the Greek historian Diodorus has remarked, between the Thamaudites and the Sabeans a famous temple, whose superior sanctity was revered by ALL THE ARABIANS: the linen or silken veil, which is annually renewed by the Turkish Emperor, was first offered by a pious King of the Homerites, who reigned 700 years before the time of Mahomet.“ [3]
Andrew Crichton also comments on the ‘Kabah’ in his book; ‘The history of Arabia, ancient and modern.’ He says:
“From the celebrity of the place, a vast concourse of pilgrims flocked to it from all quarters. Such was the commencement of the city and the superstitions fame of Mecca, the very name of which implies a place of great resort. Whatever credit may be due to these traditions, the antiquity of the Kaaba is unquestionable; for its origin ascends far beyond the beginning of the Christian era. A passage in Diodorus has anobvious reference to it, who speaks of a famous temple among the people he calls Bizomenians, revered as most sacred by all Arabians.” [4]
Claudius Ptolemy (Born: 90 AD – Died: 168 AD)
Claudius Ptolemy was a Greco-Roman writer of Alexandria, known as a mathematician, astronomer, geographer; is another person, centuries before Islam who makes mention of Makkah. He uses the name ‘Makoraba’ for Makkah.
In the Book: ‘The New Encyclopedia of Islam’, written by Cyril Glassé says that Ptolmey in the second century mentioned Makkah. Here is what he wrote:
“Mecca (Makkah al-Mukarramah, lit ‘Mecca the blessed’). For thousands of years Mecca has been a spiritual center. Ptolemy, the second century Greek geographer, mentioned Mecca, calling it ‘Makoraba’. Some have interpreted this to mean temple (from Maqribah in south Arabian) but it may also mean ‘Mecca of the Arabs’.” [5]
Ilya Pavlovich Petrushevsky (1898–1977) was an Professor of History of the Near East at the University of Leningrad for twenty years, he also makes mention that Ptolemy in the second Century mentions Makkah:
“On the caravan route from Syria to the Yemen, in the Hijaz neighbourhood, lay Mecca. Ptolemy, the Greek geographer, mentions it as early as the second century calling it Makoraba, which is derived from the south Arab word Maqrab meaning ‘sanctuary’. [6]
Michael Wolfe:
“Mecca lies midway along the west coast of Arabia in a mountainous barrier region named the Hijaz. This narrow tract of land about nine hundred miles long with the Tropic of Cancer passing through its center. The second-century Greco-Egyptian geographer Ptolemy called the city Makoraba, the temple.” [7]
Paul Wheatley:
“it was its virtual monopoly of Hijaz commerce which made of Mecca, in the words of the Quran, ‘a city secure and at peace; provisions flowing in from every side’. But all this is concerned with the expansion of the influence of a city which already existed. The name Mecca (strictly transliterated as Makkah) had been mentioned in the Ptolmaic corpus in the 2nd century AD under the orthography Makoraba, which itself derived from the Sabaean Makuraba, meaning ‘sanctuary’. Long before Muhammad the Ka’bah had served as the central shrine of a group of clans, each of whom had deposited its ritual stone, symbolizing its own god, in the sacred precinct.” [8]
In the book ‘A Comparative Study of Thirty City-state Cultures: An Investigation’, edited by Mogens Herman Hansen; in Note 24 makes clear when Ptolemy mentioned the name ‘Macoraba’ he meant Mecca:
“Ptolemy in Geographies refers to Mecca as Macoraba.” [9]
From all the evidences which I have presented from objective and academic sources, it can clearly be seen that it is a fact that Kabaah existed before the advent of Islam and Muhammad (peace be upon him). Sealing my arguments, I refer you to Reverend Charles Augustus Goodrich, a Christian historian, who admitted that the Kabaah existed and was built by the Patriarchs. In his own words, he says, “Caaba its high antiquity cannot be disputed; and the most probable account is, that it was built and used for religious purposes by some of the early patriarchs.”
[1] Religious Ceremonies and Customs, Or: The Forms of Worship Practised by the several nations of the known world, from the earliest records to the present time Charles Augustus Goodrich [Hartford: Published by Hutchinson and Dwine 1834] page 124
[2] Turkey, Past and Present: Its History, Topography, and Resources By John Reynell Morell page 84
[3] Encyclopaedia Britannica: Or, A Dictionary of Arts, sciences and Miscellaneous Literature Constructed on a Plan Volume 2, Part 1 edited by Colin Macfarquhar page 183 – 184
[4] The history of Arabia, ancient and modern Volume 1 [second edition] By Andrew Crichton page 100
[5] The New Encyclopedia of Islam By Cyril Glassé page 302
[6] Islam in Iran by I. Pavlovich Petrushevsky page 3
[7] One Thousand Roads to Mecca: Ten Centuries of Travelers Writing about the Muslim pilgrimage Michael Wolfe introduction xv
[8] Paul Wheatley The Origins and Character of the Ancient Chinese City: volume 11 page 288
[9] A Comparative Study of Thirty City-state Cultures: An Investigation, Volume 21 edited by Mogens Herman Hansen page 248 NOTE 24
tagged with history of kabaah, Refutation, the history of makkah
Muslim and Non-Muslim Dialogue
Very interesting. I’m no historian, so I don;t wish to comment too much on the historicity of the Kabaa. But I do have a question regarding methodology here?
This article relies on heavily on one greek historian (Diodorus), who is used as the basis for most of the other commentors. The other historical source (Claudius) seems to be debated regarding interpretation of his meaning.
Therefore, we only really have one (apparently) unambigiuos source. Here is my question:
Why do Muslims reject the crucifixion and resurrection of Jesus, which is based on numerously more historically verifiable sources, yet accept evidence as presented above as true? Is this not biased and inconsistent scholarship?
Hi Paulus,
For a believer It is much more common sense to agree with the Quranic narrative .
The Quran solves one problem in alleged crucifixion of Jesus when he cried for Gods help on the cross “My God, my God, why have You forsaken me?”
Why should Jesus have thought himself as being abandoned from God at the very moment when, according to innovated pauline theology, he was fulfilling God’s plan?? God hear Jesus cry for help and has helped him.
Jesus did not die on a cross but God miraculously took Jesus body and soul into the heavens and God made it APPEAR to his enemies eyes that Jesus was crucified. (Q 4:157-158)
So the Quran never negates the historicity of the crucifixion.
luxdei09
The kabah is pre-islamic we all know that, in fact I read once that there is evidence that all pagan Arab towns had kabahs to house their idols. Now that the kabah predated mohamamd is a fact but the earliest evidence for it is in the first century BC. The pagan Arabs I believe use to march around it naked , revere the idols inside as well as the black meteorite. Now Abraham is believed by scholars to have lived around 2000 -1800 BC now that is a gap 1900-1700 years between when Abraham lived and the earliest mention of the Kabah so there is not a single shred of evidence that the kabah comes from this time in any written source confirms this. Neither is there any archeological evidence that the Kabah or Mecca was built at this time. Therefore you have failed to prove it’s historicity as being built by Ibrahim. What you did prove is that 1900 years after Abraham lived pagan Arabs worshipped in the Kabah but we already knew that.
@ Eric
first off Jesus is quoting a Psalm, secondly there is no evidence that Jesus was not crucified. The earliest and only evidence denying the crucifixion is from Basildean Gnostics in the second century who denied the crufixcion out their docetic belief that Jesus was fully god and not really human so he could not really die. WE have no evidence from the first century denying the crucifixion. Nothing. The earliest evidence all points to it happening. All NT scholars apart those view who hold that jesus did not exist view the crucifixion is a fact. Even the most skeptical scholars say that the one thing that we can know for sure about Jesus is that he was crucified. Muslims have nothing to disprove the historical fact of the crucifixion. The Quran presents a short denial but offers no knew information to how he was not crucified but it just appeared to be so. Even for the sake of argument if you are right and god saved Jesus on the cross after pleading then the quran is still wrong because it says he was not killed nor was he crucified. According to the quran Jesus never made it to the cross and many classical commentators argues that he was replaced on the cross. It is the consensus of scholars that Jesus was crucified and you have no argument as it does not say he was crucified but didn’t die but it says he was not crucified.
@Luxdei
All you said about the Kaaba is mere speculation.
//According to the quran Jesus never made it to the cross and many classical commentators argues that he was replaced on the cross.//
Which part of the Quran says this? and Which classical commentators argue that he was replaced on the cross, please bring the references (in Arabic will be better) so we can check and discuss.
If God made it APPEAR to Jesus enemies eyes that he was crucified, no one is certain that it was Jesus who was on the cross and he died by the crucifixion unless you can bring me genuine post mortal examination of Jesus to me (if there is any).
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Week Ending August 18th 2001
Radiohead INXS Ludacris Busta Rhymes Jennifer Lopez Bjork Tall Paul Missy Elliott Atomic Kitten Honeyz Geri Halliwell M.O.P. So Solid Crew Raven Maize Zero 7 Cygnus X
1 21 SECONDS (So Solid Crew)
With one fell swoop the So Solid Crew write themselves into chart history as one of the select band of acts (amongst them Whigfield, B*witched, The Teletubbies, Westlife, Billie and Hanson) to shoot straight to the top of the pile with their first chart single ever. In actual fact the single isn't quite the "in from nowhere" phenomenon it appears to be having been hyped to death for the last six weeks or so and as regular viewers of The Box will know, has been one of their most popular videos for most of the last month. So Solid Crew have designs on being the British Wu-Tang Clan and are around 20-strong in number. The concept behind the single is that various members have the chance to rap a verse - each getting no more than 21 seconds to say their piece. I have to confess to being a little underwhelmed by the track the first time I heard it, expecting something rather more entertaining after all the hype but there is no doubting its overwhelming popularity and its deserved place at the top of the charts. Something tells me the stock of British rap music is on the rise, 21 Seconds can count as the second UK-originated rap single this year (alongside Do You Really Like It) to top the charts. [This was before Grime was really a thing, but this track is easily one of the defining moments of the still-resonating genre. And it was a Number One to boot. A quite significant musical moment].
2 ETERNAL FLAME (Atomic Kitten)
Their run at the top may have come to an end but there is no denying Atomic Kitten are on the rise. After charting miserably low when first released last autumn, the re-recorded and repackaged album Right Now this week charges to the top of the long players listing. I have to confess to being a little bemused at the way Guinness publications (the people behind British Hit Singles) presented them with an award this week for being the best female trio of all time. Such "best" accolades are always very subjective in any case as it all depends on how one defines success. Whilst Atomic Kitten may have had more chart-topping singles than either Bananarama or The Supremes they are surely going to have to wait until they have had a career of hit singles stretching back more than a decade (as both the aforementioned acts have managed) before they can be considered amongst the lists of chart greats. Still, having now moved themselves firmly into pole position in terms of British girl groups all eyes are now on where their competition will come from and most eyes appear to be on the group whose new single sits alongside Eternal Flame on the soundtrack of the film The Parole Officer - Supersister.
3 AIN'T IT FUNNY (Jennifer Lopez)
Proving once more that she is red hot in every sense of the word(s), Jennifer Lopez clocks up her third Top 3 hit single of the year with what appears to be consummate ease. Ain't It Funny also ranks as her fifth Top 5 hit in six single releases, her only relative "failure" being the No.15 peak of Feelin' So Good in April 2000. This new hit is possibly one of her best to date, a track that simply oozes summer with every stroke of the swirling Latino guitars. If the way it was blasting out of what seemed to be every other West End pub I walked past last night is any indication the single is an essential part of the soundtrack of the summer. It is worth noting that for all the fuss that has surrounded the latest releases from Janet Jackson and Mariah Carey, J-Lo has beaten both superstars in terms of chart consistency. [Yes, this was the "original" version of Ain't It Funny as opposed to the "remixed" version which would become a hit a few months down the line but which was basically an entirely different lyric and melody].
7 ANTE UP (M.O.P. featuring Busta Rhymes)
Four new entries in the Top 10 this week and three of them are rap singles. This is of course the followup to Cold As Ice which put M.O.P. on the map back in April. If anything Ante Up eclipses that first hit in terms of commercial appeal, being as it is a quite spectacular mix of rock guitars and soul horns - and of course the seal of approval of guest star Busta Rhymes, who here makes his first appearance in the Top 10 since 1999s What's It Gonna Be. Ante Up isn't quite as big a hit as its predecessor, Cold As Ice having twice reached Number 4 during its chart run.
10 ONE MINUTE MAN (Missy Elliott featuring Ludacris)
Blasted she may have been for her somewhat bizarre live appearances, Missy Elliott still has no problem having hit singles it seems. One Minute Man - surely one of the rudest tracks to make the chart this year - is the followup to Get Ur Freak On which became her most enduring hit single to date when it peaked at Number 4 in April and spent a full 10 weeks on the Top 75. This hot streak continues with this single as she clocks up two successive Top 10 hit singles, although of course technically this is her third chart appearance of the year thanks to her uncredited cameo in the full length version of Lady Marmalade. Guest star on One Minute Man is Ludacris who thus becomes no less than the ninth artist to appear alongside her on a chart single. Ludacris' own chart debut came just two months ago when he reached No.19 with What's Your Fantasy.
12 THE REAL LIFE (Raven Maize)
Dave Lee has clearly got himself a taste for fame. Over a decade after he invented his Joey Negro persona he is rapidly turning into the new Norman Cook, creating dance singles and releasing them under a variety of different names. Whilst American Dream earlier this year was credited on the label to "Joey Negro presents Jakatta" this new single has kept the true identity of the star well hidden to most casual observers. One of two new hit singles this week that turns the unexpected into a dance single, The Real Life is at once both shocking and quite inspired. The lyrical hook is of course lifted from Queen's Bohemian Rhapsody but here is melded to the melody from an old Simple Minds track called Theme From Great Cities. Guess what, it works and whilst fans of both bands may condemn the track as vandalism of the worst kind you can hardly knock this kind of inspiration. Funnily enough I've spent the last week listening to old dance collections from what us old fogies would regard as the golden age of house music, 1987 and 1988 and it set me wondering how it is that Dave Lee can still be at the forefront of the music scene almost 15 years later yet the likes of Simon Harris, Les Adams and Dakeene are apparently nowhere to be seen.
13 KNIVES OUT (Radiohead)
This is surprising. Radiohead's second single release of the year (the followup to June's Pyramid Song) was planted nicely inside the Top 10 according to midweek predictions but its sales fell off quite sharply towards the end of the week with the net result that the single can only rank as the 13th biggest seller of the week. This is enough to make it the first Radiohead single to miss the Top 10 since Just reached Number 19 back in September 1995. Of course you cannot read anything into this at all, especially not with an act such as Radiohead who command a dedicated audience of fans who will have snapped the album up the moment it came out. Nonetheless if even in this slightly depressed market they cannot sell enough singles to chart in the Top 10 you could be forgiven for wondering if all this weird experimentalism hasn't turned off all but the most dedicated.
14 PRECIOUS HEART (Tall Paul vs INXS)
The rise of Tall Paul as a recording artist rather than a club superstar continues. This is his second chart hit of the year following June's Number 29 re-release of his 1997 single Rock Da House. Like the Raven Maize single above it, this track also takes a somewhat unlikely source as its inspiration. Tall Paul originally mixed this track together for use on an Australian tour, taking the vocal from INXSs 1988 classic Never Tear Us Apart and turning it into a dancefloor anthem. The track went down so well that it would have been foolish not to attempt to release it and to their credit the surviving members of INXS agreed. It is interesting to note that this is the second dance hit of the year to bear a co-credit for the original act in a similar manner to the way New Years' Dub was listed on the chart as Musique vs U2. Insisting on this kind of credit not only means the track carries an almost "official" seal of approval from the sampled artist but also means they cannily share in the performers royalties as well as picking up their cut of songwriting and publishing.
18 SCREAM IF YOU WANNA GO FASTER (Geri Halliwell)
First of all to correct last week's daft typo [typo my arse, you f**ked up, don't hide from it], Geri Halliwell has of course had four Number One singles from her six solo single releases to date rather than the five I credited her with at first. It is also worth expanding further after a great many people wondered out loud just why everyone was screaming about why this single was a "flop" for peaking at Number 8 when earlier this year Robbie Williams placed a single at Number 10 without anyone batting an eyelid. The truth is of course that Robbie Williams probably doesn't need to sell records to remain a star. For whatever reason he has that indefinable quality that suggests that whatever he does, whether it is acting, presenting or just window cleaning he will remain the loveable national treasure we are all told that he is. Geri is different. It isn't unfair to say that nobody actually "likes" her in the same way everyone does Mr Williams. We may like the odd record of hers but beyond that she struggles for superstar charisma. Hence her chart positions are possibly more important. If people stop buying her music then quite simply she is shafted. Hence the furrowed brows when what is arguably her best song from a heavily promoted but poor-selling album becomes her smallest hit single ever and then starts dropping like a stone.
21 HIDDEN PLACE (Bjork)
So to the bottom end of the Top 40 and couple of acts who were once Top 10 stars but who now seem to be struggling. This is Bjork's first single release for over two years during which time the Icelandic star has been concentrating on her acting career. It may be she may need it as her singing career has been treading water for some time. Far from building on the success of It's Oh So Quiet and Hyperballad in 1995 and 1996, Bjork's chart positions have slipped ever since. Her last single was All Is Full Of Love in June 1999 which made Number 24 and although this brand new single is a slight improvement she has still not had a Top 20 hit since since Possibly Maybe made Number 13 in November 1996 and you cannot see her breaking that streak any time soon.
28 I DON'T KNOW (Honeyz)
If Bjork seems to be merely ticking over then the Honeyz on the other hand are indeed in trouble. When the threesome first emerged in 1998 they appeared to be major stars in waiting. Singles such as Finally Found, End Of The Line and Never Let You Down were all shining jewels of pop-soul. Each one had that indefinable magic that turned an average record into something quite sensational. Despite a string of hit singles they never quite seemed to be able to turn their appeal into album sales, despite their debut Wonder No.8 being released twice in two different versions thanks to a temporary personnel change. This is their first single release since Not Even Gonna Trip made No.24 in October last year and marks a move away from the more hard edged R&B sound of later singles and back to the sweet harmonies of their earlier work. I confess to still being a fan and I Don't Know is up there as one of their best releases to date with a harmonised chorus that all but commands you to spoil it by singing along. Whilst the magic of their sound may still be there, the popular appeal appears not to be and the track winds up as their smallest hit to date. Not the best of signs for a new album.
30 DESTINY (Zero 7)
You may not have heard of Zero 7 (aka Henry Binns and Sam Hardaker) but they have something of a reputation already thanks largely to their dub remix of Radiohead's Climbing Up The Walls which took the miserable rockers to a whole new audience and made the pair an act to watch. This is their first ever chart single and whilst it may not be the smash hit the buzz around them (which includes a Mercury Music Prize nomination)predicted it is certainly something to build on for the future. They are names to watch if nothing else. Incidentally one of the singers on the track is Sia Furler who had Number 10 hit in her own right with Taken For Granted in June last year.
33 SUPERSTRING (Cygnus X)
Rounding off the Top 40 this week is the debut single for Cygnus X, a German trance producer with a body of work that stretches back more than a decade. Sadly there isn't anything in this track to make it stand out from the crowd and it can go down as just another single by one bloke and a bank of keyboards. Anyway isn't Superstring the stuff you get in cans?
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Tag Archives: Asia Society
L.A.’s Must-Attend Event of the Season: The U.S. China Film Summit, 11-5-15
Posted on October 26, 2015 by chinafilmbiz
Here’s an important heads-up: the sixth annual U.S.-China Film Summit, North America’s biggest and best annual gathering of Hollywood and Chinese filmmakers and industry executives, will take place on November 5th at downtown L.A.’s Dorothy Chandler Pavilion. Since its inception the Summit has grown bigger and more influential each year, and with this year’s exceptional slate of panels and speakers it’s an absolute must for anyone participating in or planning to join the booming cross-Pacific movie trade.
From senior executives at established film companies, like IMAX, Bona Film Group and Universal Pictures, to innovative film-technology entrepreneurs, the Film Summit’s speakers will offer unmatched insight and market intelligence on the U.S.-China film industry.
Panel topics at the Film Summit will include:
The China Wave: After a year of headline-making deals, what’s the outlook for Chinese investment in Hollywood, what new forms may it take and will China’s market turbulence affect companies’ global appetites?
Frontiers in Content: New avenues and models for U.S.-China collaboration, from cutting-edge digital technologies and gaming-inspired story development to theme parks and ancillary film products.
Take Two: As cross-border film productions become more ambitious, it’s more important than ever to avoid legal, business and cultural disconnects that have plagued some projects. Lessons learned in how to overcome these hurdles, and key issues to expect in the future.
Insights from the Corner Office: Chinese and American studio heads share their experiences and predictions on how the world’s two biggest entertainment markets will converge, collaborate and compete.
The Future of Movie Going. This panel will examine a question on the mind of every studio executive and filmmaker: What will it take to keep up the box-office surge in China? Online technology and mobile apps are part of the answer.
The day will be capped off with a Gala Dinner and awards presented by the Asia Society. Honorees include:
Zhang Yimou, China’s most critically acclaimed director, will be honored for his lifetime achievement. Zhang created award winners from his very first film, Red Sorghum (1987), received an Academy Award nomination for Ju Dou (1989) and cemented his international reputation with Raise the Red Lantern (1992.) His body of work continues to grow, with the recent release of Coming Home and the highly anticipated film, The Great Wall, a major Chinese-U.S. co-production.
Zhang Zhao, Chief Executive Officer of Le Vision Pictures, will be honored for his film industry leadership. Zhang founded Le Vision Pictures, one of the largest private-sector studios in China, and has steered its impressive growth in China and abroad. Le Vision has partnered with Legendary Entertainment, China Film Co. and Universal Pictures for The Great Wall, directed by fellow honoree Zhang Yimou. Le Vision is expanding its work with other U.S. studios as well as investing in online services and related media being developed by affiliate Letv.
The Beijing Film Academy will be honored for its role cultivating talented actors, directors and entrepreneurs who have elevated Chinese film and taken it global. BFA’s distinguished graduates include directors Zhang Yimou, Chen Kaige and Tian Zhuangzhuang and leading actors, including previous Film Summit honorees Zhao Wei and Huang Xiaoming, who are at the forefront of Chinese cinema and the growing bonds with Hollywood. BFA has encouraged those ties by opening up to international students and visiting professors. BFA will be represented at the Summit by Hou Guangming, Chairman of the Academy Council, senior administrators and faculty.
For more information and to register for the event, please click on this link. I look forward to seeing you there!
Robert Cain is a producer and entertainment industry consultant who has been doing business in China since 1987. He can be reached at rob@pacificbridgepics.com and at www.pacificbridgepics.com.
Posted in Uncategorized | Tagged Asia Society, Beijing Film Academy, U.S.-China Film Summit, Zhang Yimou, Zhang Zhao | Leave a reply
L.A.’s Next Must-Attend Event: The U.S. China Film Summit, 11-5-13
Here’s an important heads-up: the U.S.-China Film Summit, North America’s biggest and best annual gathering of Hollywood and Chinese filmmakers and industry executives, will take place on November 5th at downtown L.A.’s Millenium Biltmore Hotel. Since its inception four years ago the Summit has grown bigger and more influential each year, and with the doubling of its size and scope this year it’s an absolute must for anyone participating in or planning to join the booming cross-Pacific movie trade.
I’m both on the planning committee for this year’s Summit and I’ll be a speaker as well, so I can tell you from an insider’s perspective that this is an unparalleled opportunity to hear from, and meet, many of the luminaries of the China film biz. Here’s a small sampling of the 30+ speakers who will attend:
Senator Christopher Dodd, Chairman and CEO, Motion Picture Association of America – Former United States Senator Chris Dodd is Chairman and CEO of the Motion Picture Association of America, Inc., which serves as the voice and advocate of the U.S. motion picture, home video and television industries around the world.
Dennie Gordon, Director, “My Lucky Star” – Director of the teen cult hit “Joe Dirt” starring David Spade, Christopher Walken and Dennis Miller, and “What a Girl Wants” starring Oscar winner Colin Firth and Amanda Bynes. Dennie’s latest film, the romantic comedy “My Lucky Star,” featured Chinese stars Zhang Ziyi and Wang Leehom, and was a bona fide hit at the Chinese box office.
Ellen Eliasoph, President and CEO,
Village Roadshow Pictures Asia – Ms. Eliasoph leads the company in its business of identifying, developing, financing, producing, marketing and distributing feature films which are filmed principally in the Chinese language and designed for audiences in the Mainland China and other Greater China markets.
Li Bingbing, Actress, “Forbidden Kingdom,” “I Do” and the upcoming “Transformers 4” – One of China‘s biggest cinema and television stars, Bingbing has also had a successful crossover career in American film. She was most recently seen in Screen Gems’ “Resident Evil: Retribution,” directed by Paul W.S. Anderson.
Zhang Zhao, CEO,
LeVision Pictures –
In 2008, Mr. Zhang was named one of the top 10 most influential people in China Film and Entertainment Industry. Several films he produced and directed have won many international awards and have been recognized by the U.S. independent film committee.
The Summit will include luncheon keynote speeches from IMAX President Greg Foster and China Film Co-Production Corp’s Zhang Xun, and six panel discussions on topics ranging from digital media business opportunities in China to practical discussions on how to make films there.
The day will be capped off with a Gala Dinner and awards presented by the Asia Society to Senator Dodd and Ms. Li Bingbing.
Posted in General News | Tagged Asia Society, Christopher Dodd, Dennie Gordon, Ellen Eliasoph, Li Bingbing, Rob Cain, Robert Cain, U.S.-China Film Summit, Zhang Zhao | 1 Reply
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Living in TLH
55+ Living
Tallahassee Fact Sheet
Tallahassee Restaurants
Parks In Tallahassee
Tallahassee is Florida's
Most Educated City
Tallahassee is the most educated city in Florida and in the top 20 for most educated cities in the United States.
Tallahassee is the most educated city in the state and the 15th most educated city in the nation (WalletHub). In fact, Tallahassee ranked ahead of other southeastern cities like Atlanta, GA, Asheville, NC, Richmond, VA and Charleston, SC.
From Pre-K programs to lifelong learning, education abounds in this capital city. While many are familiar with legendary Florida State University, Tallahassee is also home to Florida A&M University and the Tallahassee Community College, which creates a diverse and creative population. The students’ contributions in business, art, science and more benefits the entire region.
Additionally, as the state capital, there are an abundance of other educational resources available to citizens of this growing city. For families with young children, Tallahassee has many top ranked Pre-k programs. Adults over 50 enjoy taking university-level classes through the Osher Lifelong Learning Institute (OLLi).
If you’re thinking of moving to Florida, consider Tallahassee, the most educated city in the state!
Tallahassee's Colleges & Universities
As one of the nation’s top research universities, Florida State University works to educate students in a number of areas, including technology, art, science, humanities, and more. A philosophy of learning is strongly rooted in FSU.
The university’s beautiful campus is located on the oldest continuous site of higher education in the state. For scholars looking for a university that embraces diversity, a thirst for knowledge, and an appetite for athletics, look no further than Florida State University.
For those students who want a challenging academic foundation, they will find it at Florida Agricultural and Mechanical University. FAMU offers 54 bachelor’s degrees, 29 master’s degrees, three professional degrees, and 12 doctoral programs across a number of academic areas.
The university values diversity and the proof is in the student body. There are almost 10,000 students from across the United States and 70+ countries, including multiple countries in Africa, the Bahamas, Brazil, Indonesia, China, and the United Arab Emirates.
FAMU maintained its ranking as the No. 2 public historically Black college and university (HBCU) and moved up two slots to No. 7 to remain among the top 10 public and private HBCUs in the nation, according to the 2020 U.S. News & World Report Best Colleges rankings.
Tallahassee Community College was founded in 1966 and has offered high-quality, post-secondary education for local, national and even international students. The college is consistently ranked as one of the top community colleges in the nation. If you’re looking to further your education, consider TCC.
At TCC, you’ll find a diverse group of students, who participate in numerous extra-curricular activities including leadership roles, arts and more. Students from all walks of life are encouraged to apply.
Early Childhood Education Programs
Questions about Pre-k and early childhood education programs in Tallahassee? Contact us.
Early Learning Coalition of the Big Bend
Tallahassee parents looking to provide their children with the best foundation possible often turn to the Early Learning Coalition of the Big Bend.
The Early Learning Coalition of the Big Bend Region (ELC) is a non-profit organization that assists families, children, and child care providers by working collaboratively to help set children up for success in school and support families’ ability to work.
Florida Office of Early Learning
Another helpful resource for parents living in Tallahassee is the Florida Office of Early Learning. They work with partners across the state to deliver comprehensive early learning services to Florida families.
One benefit offered is the VPK program. It’s free to Florida residents who are 4 years old on or before September 1. Private child care centers, public schools and specialized instructional service providers often offer VPK. Parents have several programs to choose from: school-year, summer, and specialized instruction for children with disabilities. For more information, visit their website here.
Whole Child Leon
Whole Child Leon takes a holistic approach to nurturing babies and young children with a focus on the following 6 areas:
Social/emotional
Physical/mental
To learn more about Whole Child and how they can support your family, visit https://wholechildleon.org/.
Fun 4 Tally Kids
Besides state resources, there are a number of active parent groups in Tallahassee as well. One place to find resources and information is the Fun 4 Tally Kids website.This site includes everything from “the best parks for kids” to “the top Pre-k programs according to local parents.”
Tally Moms Stay Connected
Another great resource specifically created for Tallahassee mothers is the Tally Moms Stay Connected group on Facebook. With more than 12,000 local moms, this page is a great resource for any kid-related questions that may come up. You can request to join the page here.
K-12 Educational Resources
Leon County Schools
Tallahassee is part of the Leon County School System. LCS is responsible for providing education to 33,000+ students across 48 school and program sites. For more information about public schools in the capital city, visit the Leon County Schools website or check out some of the resources provided below.
Florida State University Schools
The mission of Florida State University Schools is to advance Florida’s K-12 education through exemplary teaching, research, and service. For more information, click here: https://www.fsus.school/Home.
FAMU Developmental Research School
FAMU Developmental Research School is committed to providing a quality education for students by promoting rigor and innovative strategies for teaching and learning. Click here for more information on how your child can benefit from their programs.
Continuing Education & Adult Education
Click the links below to explore continuing education and adult education opportunities available to residents living in Tallahassee, Florida (the most educated city in the state):
Florida State University’s Learning for Life programs
Florida A&M University’s Office of Continuing Education
Tallahassee Community College’s Adult Education opportunities
The Adult & Community Education school
Thinking of retiring to Tallahassee? We can answer your questions. Contact us!
The Osher Lifelong Learning Institute (or OLLi for short) offers classes targeted to adults 50 and up, who want to learn in a stress-free environment. Located on FSU’s beautiful campus, there are no tests or homework. Instead, the focus is providing engaging, educational content to those looking to expand their knowledge base.
Classes are taught by university staff. The program is supported through a 16-member volunteer board and a multitude of member volunteers. OLLi has been recognized by the Florida Legislature for its leadership in “engaging older Floridians and enriching lives.”
Tallahassee Senior Center
One of the draws for retirees to Tallahassee, the most educated city in Florida, is the Tallahassee Senior Center, which offers a variety of learning opportunities, recreational activities and games for active adults ages 50 and up.
For those who are interested in the pursuit of knowledge, there are a number of Lifelong Learning classes that are held at the Tallahassee Senior Center and neighborhood sites.
The cost per class is generally around $5. To get started, visit the Tallahassee Senior Center website today or stop by to fill out an application.
Choose Tallahassee
info@choosetallahassee.com
Are you considering a move to Florida? Sign up to get more information about Tallahassee, or to set up a visit to the capital city.
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Faculty: Ingegneria dell'informazione, informatica e statistica
Department: INGEGNERIA DELL'INFORMAZIONE, ELETTRONICA E TELECOMUNICAZIONI
"I dreamed of a friendly machine to which I delegated those operations that cause mental fatigue and errors a machine that could learn and then execute easily, that stored simple and intuitive data and instructions, whose use was within everyone's reach, that cost little and it was the size of the other office products to which people were accustomed.I had to create a new language, which did not need the interpreter in a white coat (...) For the input and output of the data I thought of a magnetic postcard that could act as permanent memory or archive.It was the prototype of the current flo
6/11/2018: Seminario: Smit
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Thirteen (2003)
Watch Thirteen (2003) Online
Tracy is a normal 13-year-old trying to make it in school. After befriending the most popular girl at school, Evie, Tracy’s world is turned upside down when Evie introduces her to a world of sex, drugs and cash. But it isn’t long before Tracy’s new world and attitude finally takes a toll on her, her family, and old friends.
Director: Catherine Hardwicke
Actors: Brady Corbet, Evan Rachel Wood, Holly Hunter, Jeremy Sisto, Nikki Reed, Ulysses Estrada, Vanessa Hudgens
50 First Dates (2004)
Henry is a player skilled at seducing women. But when this veterinarian meets Lucy, a girl with a quirky problem when it comes to total recall, he realizes it’s possible…
Noah (2014)
A man who suffers visions of an apocalyptic deluge takes measures to protect his family from the coming flood.
15 Minutes of War (2019)
February 1976. Somalian rebels hijack a school bus carrying 21 French children and their teacher in Djibouti City. When the terrorists drive it to a no-man’s-land on the border between…
Country: Belgium, France
Genre: Action, Drama, History, War
Far and Away (1992)
A young man leaves Ireland with his landlord’s daughter after some trouble with her father, and they dream of owning land at the big giveaway in Oklahoma ca. 1893. When…
Genre: Adventure, Drama, Romance, Western
Apocalypse Now (1979)
At the height of the Vietnam war, Captain Benjamin Willard is sent on a dangerous mission that, officially, “does not exist, nor will it ever exist.” His goal is to…
Genre: Drama, Mystery, War
A Home of Our Own
The story is located in Los Angeles in the sixties. An energetic widow, Frances Lacey, with her six children try to make a dream of theirs come true: to have…
A group of strangers find themselves trapped in a maze-like prison. It soon becomes clear that each of them possesses the peculiar skills necessary to escape, if they don’t wind…
Genre: Drama, Mystery, Science Fiction, Thriller
Betty Blue (1986)
Betty Blue, a mentally unbalanced and sexually aggressive free spirit who becomes involved with Zorg, a repairman moonlighting as a writer. The two engage in a variety of sexual encounters,…
The Boy in the Striped Pyjamas (2008)
When his family moves from their home in Berlin to a strange new house in Poland, young Bruno befriends Shmuel, a boy who lives on the other side of the…
Grumpy Old Men (1993)
25th Hour (2002)
In New York City in the days following the events of 9/11, Monty Brogan is a convicted drug dealer about to start a seven-year prison sentence, and his final hours…
Trailer: Thirteen (2003)
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4: Why Can’t My Wife Land The Plane In Conversations?
with Brian Goins, Shaunti Feldhah...more | May 21, 2020
Husbands, do you get tired head in conversations with your wife as she circles the airport but never lands the plane? Listen as Brian Goins and Shaunti Feldhahn demystify this very common frustration. Understand the brain science behind these exchanges and, more importantly, learn two easy ways to start winning in these moments as the hero of her heart.
For more from Shaunti Feldhahn, visit Shaunti.com. https://shaunti.com
Sign up for the "I Do Every Day" devotional series. https://www.familylife.com/ido/
Your generous support of FamilyLife helps create podcasts like Married With Benefits™. https://donate.familylife.com/married-with-benefits/
With Brian Goins, Shaunti Feldhah...more
Brian: From the Podcast Network at FamilyLife® this is Married with Benefits. We’re on a relentless pursuit to help you love the one you’re with and discover all the benefits that come with saying, “I do.”
I am your host Brian Goins joined by Harvard-trained, best-selling author, Shaunti Feldhahn, who’s helping us answer the “Questions Every Husband Is Asking”. If you have missed any of the episodes up until this point in time, you can look back at FamilyLife.com/MWB and find some great questions that we’ve already asked so far. Today’s not going to be any exception.
Shaunti, welcome back.
Shaunti: Oh, thanks. This is a big one for a lot of guys.
Brian: What I love about what we’re doing here, it’s really breaking down this verse in 1 Peter 3:7, where it says, Likewise, husbands, live with your wives in an understanding way, showing honor to them since they are heirs with you in the grace of life. [Paraphrase]
There may be no greater area where a husband finds this command more challenging than he does with our topic today. One of the things I’ve loved about doing this is we’ve actually had guys introduce these.
Shaunti: I know, me too.
Brian: These are actual husbands that are introducing these questions so they aren’t just coming from my brain. They’re coming from questions every husband would ask. Today’s question, I think, is one that a lot of us are thinking about. Listen to what it is today.
David: Hey, my name’s David. I’ve been married for 18 years and here’s the question I’ve got. Conversations sometimes take forever, especially when it’s a little bit of a heated dialogue. Why can’t my wife just get to the bottom line and just say what she’s really thinking?
Brian: Wow! That’s an honest question.
Shaunti: It is an honest question.
Brian: Do you recognize that voice?
Shaunti: I do.
Brian: That’s our very own President, CEO of FamilyLife, David Robbins. I could tell, as a busy guy he wants to land the plane.
Shaunti: Get to the point. Come on, Meg.
Brian: I know. Meg and David are great friends of mine and Jenn’s. They do have a great marriage, but I love the fact that David is going “Hey, help me understand my wife a little bit more.” [Laughter] No pressure, Shaunti, but you’re helping out our president and his wife.
Shaunti: I’m super excited to talk about this today because this is one of those things that has a disproportionate impact on marriages because it’s so frustrating to the average husband. What’s underneath it, guys, there’s actually sort of two pieces to the puzzle that are going to be underneath what we’re talking about today. The first of them is, believe it or not, your wife’s brain is actually wired different from yours. That is what is running under the surface here.
Brian: We’re talking about neurological issues today.
Shaunti: We are.
Brian: This is not something we can control or change.
Shaunti: No. [Laughter] It’s not. Every man just went, “Oh.”
Brian: Yes, “I’ve got to deal with this.” You’re saying then that their wiring is more complex. Is it more—it’s not—it’s just different is what you’re saying.
Shaunti: It is different and here is how it is different—and this is actually the result, I will tell you, of many conversations and much analysis over the course of the last 15, 16 years, talking to neuroscientists and reading these neuroscientific studies that make my eyes roll back in my head [Laughter] because they’re so complicated so I am going to super simplify something that is actually pretty complicated.
If any neuroscientists are listening to this, please forgive me in advance. But here’s basically the starting point for most women, not all, and most men, not all. It turns out we actually process completely differently.
Most of the time women tend to be verbal processers. That’s actually what’s happening when you see her circling the airport. What she’s basically doing is doing on the outside what you do on the inside because most men are internal processers. They tend to go underground and it’s actively difficult for you as a guy to try to think something through while you’re talking it through. Your wife is not that way.
For your wife, that is one of the best ways she can actually figure out what she’s thinking, what she’s feeling, what the right decision might be, so it’s an incredibly important thing to recognize instead of getting frustrated. This is actually an opportunity to help your wife, sort of be your wife’s hero in being okay with it and actually help her process.
Brian: What I heard you say, which was great, is that there’s a sense where if you’re compared to two different modes of transportation, the wife tends to process everything where we can see it, up in the air. She’s an airplane.
Shaunti: Great way to put it.
Brian: She might circle. Guys are like subways.
Brian: We go underground and we’re trying to find the way where we need to go but we don’t want anybody to see it. Like, we want to think about it and then we’re going to come out somewhere else. But for what I hear you saying is that for women, by and large—I know there’s probably guys that are sitting here going, “That’s how—I’m a verbal. I’ve got verbal diarrhea. It’s just coming out of me, you know.” But for most, guys are not like that.
Shaunti: It’s about 75%. There’s about 25% of the population has what some neuroscientists and researchers call a bridge brain. Which is that they tend to process in the same way that the opposite sex does, or they have like pieces of that puzzle. But most of the time it’s about 75% of men, about 75% of women tend to process these two different ways and it causes so much frustration.
Because for us as women, if I can just tell you as a guy, it is so frustrating. I don’t realize, by definition, I don’t realize that Jeff has been processing something for three days because he wasn’t talking about it. He says, “I think we should do this,” and I think this is the beginning of the conversation. [Laughter] I have no idea that he’s been processing for three days on whether we should buy a new refrigerator or whatever.
I’m like, “What about this? And “What about that?” The average guy could kind of feel a bit criticized.
Brian: Right.
Shaunti: But we don’t know that you’ve been talking about it, thinking about it internally, talking to yourself about it.
Brian: This happens to Jenn and I all the time.
Shaunti: Does it really?
Brian: Oh, gosh. Because I do. I go subway. I go underneath the surface and I think about it. I journal about it. Then I want her to see all of the brilliance of my work [Laughter] of the last three days. Then when I unveil it, all I hear is questions, criticisms.
Shaunti: “What about this?” Yes.
Brian: Yes. It’s like, “No, no. I’ve thought about that. We’re done with this. We’re moving on. This is great. This is a great plan.” But what I hear you saying is like, no, she needs to enter into the conversation. How could a guy help with that to where it’s not like an ambush? Because it feels like an ambush.
Shaunti: It does. Here’s the thing you need to recognize, as a guy. When you unveil your brilliant plan, recognize for her this is the beginning. This is the first she’s heard about it and she’s going to need to do on the outside, what you just did on the inside. She’s going to need to ask the “What about…?” because you did that. You just did it internally in your subway, right?
Shaunti: She’s going to need to do that. View that as her subway. She’s not circling the airport. She’s not being scatterbrained. Something that a lot of guys told me is, “Why is she so all over the place? She’s so scatterbrained.” No, no. She’s processing and she’ll sometimes do that internally, too, but expect it. When you say your brilliant plan expect that she’s going to need that and this is a chance actually for you to help her with this.
Here’s a piece of the puzzle that is very, very common when it may be that she’s responding to your plan. It may just be that she’s bringing up something that is frustrating to her. You see her circling the airport as she’s talking about how her boss embarrassed her at work in front of all the people, as she brings it up over and over and over. For you, you’re thinking, “Why can’t she just let it go? Or you try to go, “Here’s what you should do tomorrow.”
Brian: “We’ve been over this ground before.”
Shaunti: Yes!
Brian: Or, “Hey, let’s just settle it then.”
Shaunti: Yes! “Let’s settle it” or “Let it go until you can deal with it.”
What you don’t recognize is the reason that you start hearing “I don’t want you to fix it. I just want you to listen,” right? How many guys have heard that? Here’s what’s going on. It’s part of the same process.
Part of what she’s processing is her feelings and you don’t recognize, as a guy, when stuff starts getting emotional like, “My boss really embarrassed me and I don’t know how I’m going to have credibility when I walk in tomorrow,” she’s got all of these feelings that are jangling in her head and her heart. She’s—the image that to me is really helpful for a guy is think of it as like, you know how you take a rubber band and you twist it?
Shaunti: You twist it more and more and more and it starts getting all jangled and tight and kinked up. There’s no processing really going on, at that point, because she’s so tense and tight. What she most needs, at that point, is for you to help pull out those feelings. For you, as a guy—a lot of guys sort of feel like feelings kind of fur up the gears. They make it harder to think.
Brian: Exactly.
Shaunti: Your wife is the opposite. If you think about it, it’s amazing the human race survived.
Brian: It is.
Shaunti: I mean really it is. Your wife is the opposite. She needs to get all of those feelings out of her. You will actually do her a great service if, instead of trying to skip straight to the solution because you did your three days and you know what the solution is, instead of skipping straight to the solution or the solution to the fact that her boss embarrassed her, instead, step one is actually pull out those feelings.
“How did that make you feel when he said that? Did you think that so and so is going to be looking at you sideways tomorrow? Did you feel like Jesse and John were talking about you behind your back?”
Brian: Wait, so you’re wanting me to engage with this. [Laughter] That’s what I think I hear you saying.
Shaunti: That is, that is what I’m saying.
Brian: You don’t want me just to nod my head and feel like in the back of mind I’m going, “When’s this going to end? Let’s just land the plane.” You’re actually wanting me to go—I got to ask follow-up questions.
Shaunti: Because for you, the solution is landing the plane.
Brian: Right, it is.
Shaunti: For her, there’s actually two solutions. For her, the first solution that she needs before she can get to the solution solution, the first thing she needs is to actually have the solution to all these jangling feelings. She’s incredibly tightened, kinked up right now like that rubber band. As you ask those questions, you think you’re adding fuel to the fire. You’re like, “Oh, my gosh! I’m pulling out more feelings.”
No, no, no. Think of it more like drawing poison out of a wound, okay? You’re not like throwing gasoline on a fire. You’re drawing poison out of a wound. You’ll start seeing that jangled, tight, kinked-up rubber band start to untwist a little bit and relax.
That’s the first solution, that she has to talk out these feelings, get them out, understand what she’s feeling, understand what she’s thinking by talking. Then you can move to the second solution which is, “Do we need to talk about what happens when you go in tomorrow to talk to your boss?”
Those two things, guys—here’s really the big picture issue of this. This is a huge way to make your wife feel loved, like huge, because she could probably figure out the solution on her own if she had to, but she cannot feel listened to on her own.
Brian: Wow! That’s big. She can’t feel listened to on her own.
That’s truly—how much of this about both of these seasons is about learning to die to self? That if I truly want to live with my wife in an understanding way, if I want to experience the oneness, the intimacy that I think that’s the reason every guy and gal got married is that I want to be one with someone, it requires me to do something very counterintuitively. I’ve got to understand a brain that is so different from mine. I live with somebody that is just very different.
It just goes back to say FamilyLife is all about helping couples move towards oneness when everything else is trying to make us pull apart towards isolation. And oneness, when we think about that Biblically, never means sameness.
Shaunti: Great way of putting it.
Brian: When God decide to put two things into one, He decided that you’re going to reflect my image so I’m going to put together a man and a woman just because in my image I’m very different. When you think about God, He’s three in one. He’s perfectly loving and yet He’s perfectly just. Yet He is three and yet He’s one. He’s distant but yet He’s near. He’s all these like mess of contradictions.
Shaunti: I love that.
Brian: It shouldn’t surprise us that He’s asking us to reflect His image. He’s put a contradiction into your life—
Shaunti: —your wife.
Brian: —called your wife. Now, how do I love this person? What I hear you saying is that it’s going to make you die to yourself. Because everything in you wants to go, “Let’s just end this conversation,” or “I’ve got something else going on in my mind.” What I hear you saying is, no, we get the privilege to untangle that, that rubber band that’s all tense.
Shaunti: You do. Here’s the thing that I will encourage the men listening to us is: Yes, it is dying to yourself, especially at the beginning. Because, can I just tell you guys, you start doing this, the first few times it’s going to be like “Uh,” you know?
Brian: Yes.
Shaunti: “I have to wait while she’s asking all these questions that feel like criticisms when I’ve been thinking about this three days,” or “I have to wait when she’s talking about her boss embarrassing her in the office.”
That will happen maybe two or three times and then you’re going to start seeing her relax. You’re going to start seeing her feel heard. You’re going to start recognizing that, “Wow, this is actually me making her feel loved. This is actually me being part of a solution that she can’t be for herself. This is me being her hero.” Once you recognize that, it’s no longer going to be a sacrifice.
Now, of course, it might be still frustrating where you’re like, “Okay, we’ve got to get to the point. We’ve got to decide whether to buy a refrigerator.” [Laughter] There are some of those cases but recognize that it is dying to yourself at the beginning.
But once you get used to this and you see the benefit, talk about married with benefits. This is not going to be something that for most men that you have to like, “Huh, okay, I have to pretend to listen.” You’re actually going to want to because you see how much it makes your wife feel loved.
Brian: You’re practicing a muscle that you really haven’t used before.
Shaunti: Yes.
Brian: Like anything, it’s going to feel weird, awkward. But then once you get that muscle engaged, you’re going to go, “This isn’t so bad. This is good.” And I start learning that—I think the image that you’re giving which is really, “I get the opportunity as a husband to be the hero of her heart, to help her heart unwind.”
One of our producers just sent this verse which I think is a great verse. Proverbs 20, verse 5, The purpose in a man’s heart is like deep water, but it takes a man of understanding to draw it out. [Paraphrase]
Shaunti: Wow, that’s really good.
Brian: And so your wife’s heart, her brain is deep water. I get the privilege of going “Okay, I’m going to draw it out. I’m going to figure out what’s going on in that swirl, in that mess, in that—that’s deep water that I can’t see—she can’t see clearly—I’m not seeing clearly. I’m going to help us both come to that clarity.
Shaunti: That’s really good. I think for the average guy, I think when we’re talking about, “What do we do differently?” one of the most important pieces of that is to counter the immediate feeling like, “Her verbal processing is criticizing me.”
Brian: That’s good.
Shaunti: Because it isn’t. It is that deep water that you’re pulling out of her. That’s what needs to come out. It is important at the very beginning to recognize whenever you’re having this kind of conversation, whenever you’ve had your three days of subway and you’ve been thinking something through and she hasn’t known about it until now because you’ve got your brilliant thing, is to recognize, “Okay now it’s her turn to have the deep water and it’s just going to be on the outside. It’s going to be verbalized.”
This isn’t criticizing. Her asking these questions is my chance, not to show her how brilliant I am, but for me to actually recognize this is her doing on the outside what I just did on the inside.
Brian: When David asked the question at the beginning, it was a lot about, “I want to land the plane. I want to get through this conversation a lot faster.” There was a sense of—and for every guy that’s out, there’s like, “Okay, I’m getting the fact that we’re processing differently and I’m more of a subway and she’s more of a plane. She’s processing on the outside. I get to help her do on the outside what I’m doing on the inside. That’s cool. That’s great. I’m seeing that she’s not scatterbrained she’s just—that’s how she’s verbally going through it.”
But what about those moments when we don’t have time for this. I’ve got things to do and I feel like I’m getting pulled into a conversation that I don’t know when it ends. What are some things that a guy can do in that moment to go, “How do I not short circuit the process but grow through this?”
Shaunti: Here’s the reality and I’m sort of thinking out loud because I’m a verbal processer as well. [Laughter]
Brian: You hadn’t circled that plane.
Shaunti: But one of the things that is occurring to me is to help your wife understand in advance, because I don’t think there is any way for you to help her land the plane more quickly in the moment without her feeling like you’re trying to short circuit, that you’re not listening because candidly, you aren’t listening in the way that she needs.
In advance is one of those things that having a conversation about this, this is one of the reasons when we’re doing the research on the books, that it was so helpful for us to suddenly go, “Wait, is that how you feel? Is that how you feel?”
Ask your wife about this and help her understand you so that she recognizes that you’re not trying to be cold; you’re not trying to railroad her with something she just heard about or you don’t care. It’s not that you don’t care about the fact that her boss embarrassed her. It’s literally that you process differently and to be able to say, “Honey, in those moments when there is something that’s kind of time sensitive, would you be okay if we came to a quicker decision?”
And we sort of move forward temporarily with whatever the decision is knowing that you’re still going to probably have to process it and that’s okay. We can keep going while you’re processing.”
Whatever it is, she’ll be fine with that because she’s a realist just like you’re a realist. If something has to happen in five minutes, okay, it has to happen in five minutes. She’ll get that. But just don’t expect her overall to be the same as you are and talk about it ahead of time.
Brian: How will I know this new muscle that I’m going to be activating as a result of this podcast—I’m going to live with my wife in an understanding way—how do I know that I’m winning? How do I know that I’m succeeding at this? Okay, this muscle is actually working.
Shaunti: Okay, I’ll tell you. To me, two things rise far above the others. The first, you’ll know it’s succeeding when you’re no longer exasperated. Because you’re going to actually be wanting to help her process.
When she starts processing out loud and you recognize “Oh, she’s processing. She’s not criticizing. She’s processing. This is cool. I can help her process,” and you’re not exasperated anymore. That’s like “Oh, wow! Okay, now I know this.” Like I said, it’s not like, “Okay, I have to grit my teeth for the rest of my life and just take it.” You’re going to actually enjoy that process and support.
The second way that you know that you’re winning is when you see the rubber band relax. It’s when you see this tension start to melt away from her as she’s talking about what happened at the office and she’s starting to feel heard. That’s your signal. She’s felt heard. You’ve been successful at helping her work through those feelings.
At that point, then absolutely, you can start thinking about “Hey, honey, would you like to talk about what happens when you walk in tomorrow?”
Sometimes she’ll be like, “No thanks. I’m good.”
Brian: Because you just processed her feelings
Shaunti: Because you’ve processed her feelings and sometimes, she’ll be like, “Yes, I want your advice.” Which is of course is where you guys—
Brian: Bam!
Shaunti: Bam! You know, Mr-Fix-it hat goes on. But the key is, guys, to recognize that being successful in this isn’t necessarily what you thought it was. It’s not that you cut down the conversation from 15 minutes to three. It’s that you recognize you’ve just helped your wife with something that she couldn’t do on her own which was to feel heard and listened to and that you’ve also, in the process, made her feel loved.
Brian: My gut is that’s going to come back to be a benefit to the husband.
Shaunti: Oh, yes! Absolutely.
Brian: What wife doesn’t want a husband that that’s his practice? It’s going to probably come back to go, “Wow! We feel closer.”
Brian: Which that might lead to other benefits—
Shaunti: It just might.
Brian: —that we’re not going to talk about in this one.
Shaunti: It just might. Different episode. Previous episode.
Brian: Different episode. There may be some spies out there in the audience—some wives that are listening—
Shaunti: Oh, there we go.
Brian: —to this that are going, “Okay, for the women that may be listening, how can they make it easier on the husbands to move into this and be like that?”
Shaunti: This is obviously part of the conversation that the women need to have with their men of course. But also, women, I need to tell you as one girl to another, don’t expect your husband to be one of your girlfriends. I mean just don’t. It’s a different brain that he has than you do. God has given you a different wiring. You can’t expect him to act like and listen two hours like one of your girlfriends might. That is literally not the way he is wired.
Brian: Gilmore Girls is not about marriage.
Shaunti: No. [Laughter]
Brian: If that’s the example that you’re thinking as far as our conversation is going to go, we’re not going to win there.
Shaunti: No, you’re not going to have the mother, daughter long involved conversations deep into the night. This is something where your husband is wired differently by God on purpose. I do not know why God gave us such different processing wiring. I really don’t know. But I do suspect is that one of the reasons is for us to live with each other in an understanding way.
I do suspect that it’s “iron sharpening iron” and for us to go, “That’s okay for me to appreciate and admire and actually, not just be okay with, but actually celebrate the differences of this man that God has given me.”
I know, women, that one of the things for those of you spies who are listening is to actually recognize that there is something that will help your husbands. Which is if you will say “Honey, I just need to think out loud for a minute. Just let me—I’m thinking out loud.”
Shaunti: That will help him to step back and not feel criticized when he’s thought of the perfect answer for the refrigerator and now it’s the beginning of the conversation for you. Recognize that he might feel criticized because you’re asking all these questions and he’s feeling challenged. But instead, to go, “You know, honey, just give me a second. I have to think through this out loud.”
Brian: That’s really good. Guys, you can actually give that, you can pass that advice on.
Shaunti: Yes, absolutely.
Brian: That’s a great one to give. Incidentally, the minute that you just said “Ladies, don’t expect your husband to be your girlfriend,” we have three male producers behind you that as you were saying, they all started nodding like, “Yes!”
Shaunti: I just looked behind me and they’re all grinning right now. That’s hilarious.
Brian: They’re all grinning so they’re going to be passing this podcast on to their wives, I’m sure. Good stuff as always. I love having these conversations with you, Shaunti.
Shaunti: You too, Brian.
Brian: We get—
Shaunti: We get to help husbands!
Brian: We do! This is good! FamilyLife is passionate about every husband feeling like they’re one with their wife because we feel like—we believe that when couples are one, it’s amazing how society changes, how kids change, how communities change.
If you need more help to help you become more one as a couple, FamilyLife is here for you. Go to FamilyLife.com.
I also want to let you know that this podcast is listener supported. We appreciate many gifts from people like yourself. If you’re interested in donating today, you can do that today by clicking the word “donate” on our website.
And if you’re looking for an easy way to keep loving the one you’re with and discovering all the benefits that come from saying “I do”, sign up for our daily devotional email. It’s called I Do Every Day and you can do that at FamilyLife.com.
Shaunti: Good stuff.
Brian: Yes, they’re great. I want to give a special thanks as always to our audio producer CJ3, our entire podcast team back there, the male producers in the back that are loving this episode. We could not do this without them. That is definitely true.
We would ask you to join us next time as we answer another question every husband is asking and here’s a hint at our next topic, guys. It usually happens right about the time you’re wanting to go to some deep REM sleep.
So until then, I’m Brian Goins. Thanks for listening.
Married With Benefits™
We got married because we thought we’d be better together rather than apart. So why is it so easy to feel isolated from your life-long partner? Host, author, and fellow married pilgrim, Brian Goins, tackles the relational pitfalls, from the trivial to the tragic, that move couples towards isolation rather than experiencing the real benefits that come from saying “I do.”
13: Rapid-Fire: Questions (a lot of) Other Husbands are Asking
with Brian Goins, Jeff Feldhahn, ...more | July 13, 2020
12: Why Does My Wife Expect Me to Read Her Mind?
with Brian Goins, Shaunti Feldhah...more | July 6, 2020
Season 2: Questions Every Husband Is AskingSeason 1: Questions Every Wife Is Asking
About Season 2: Questions Every Husband Is Asking
Season 2 of Married With Benefits with host Brian Goins and our featured host, NY Times best-selling author and Harvard trained researcher, Shaunti Feldhahn.
About Season 1: Questions Every Wife Is Asking
You’re not the only one curious about the manbrain. Maybe you’re wondering, “Why’s he so interested in sex?” Or, “How can I respect him if he doesn’t deserve it?” Harvard grad and best-selling author and researcher Shaunti Feldhahn teams up with Brian Goins to discuss your nagging questions so you can find out what your man is thinking—and transform your marital friction points into sparks of passion.
13: Rapid-Fire: Questions (a lot of) Other Husbands are AskingJuly 13, 2020
12: Why Does My Wife Expect Me to Read Her Mind?July 6, 2020
11: When Conflict with Your Wife Leaves You DefeatedJune 29, 2020
10: My Wife Cries A Lot…Help!June 22, 2020
9: Every Hallmark Movie Is The Same. Why Does She Still Watch Those?June 15, 2020
8: Why Aren’t Decisions Ever Final For My Wife?June 8, 2020
7. How can I restore trust after pornography or an affair?June 1, 2020
6: What Do I Do If My Wife Doesn’t Trust Me?May 25, 2020
5: Why Does She Ask The Deep Questions At 11pm At Night?May 22, 2020
3: How Important Is My Physical Appearance to Her Desire of Me?May 20, 2020
Bonus B: Top 5 All-Star Moves – You got this!May 19, 2020
Bonus A: Top 5 Rookie Mistakes – Come on man!May 18, 2020
2: Why Can’t My Wife Focus More On Sex?May 17, 2020
1: How Long Until My Wife Believes She’s Beautiful?May 16, 2020
15: Season Finale – Live Women’s Conference Speed RoundSeptember 30, 2019
14: Why Doesn’t My Marriage Look Anything Like a Hallmark Movie?September 23, 2019
13: Why Does He Ignore the Kids and Me When He Comes Home From Work?September 16, 2019
12: Why Can’t He Just Listen?September 15, 2019
11: Does My Husband Secretly Want Me to Look Like a Bikini Model?September 14, 2019
10: Can My Spouse and I Have Friends of the Opposite Sex?May 27, 2019
9: Why Does My Husband Choose Video Games Over Me?May 20, 2019
8: Why Does He Care More About Work Than Me and the Kids?May 13, 2019
7: Why Does It Take Such Nagging to Get Help Around the House?May 6, 2019
6: Why Does He Insist on Carrying All the Groceries in One Trip?April 29, 2019
5: What If My Husband Doesn’t Deserve Respect?April 22, 2019
4: What If We Butt Heads Over Parenting?April 15, 2019
3: How Can A Good Man Be Tempted By Porn?April 8, 2019
2: Why Is He So Touchy?April 2, 2019
1: Why Is He So Interested in Sex?April 1, 2019
Brian Goins
Brian and his wife Jen love building into families and eating great food together. They have three children who all want to move to Montana. Brian serves as VP of Content Development at FamilyLife. He is also the executive producer on an adolescent-focused documentary series called Brain, Heart, World (brainheartworld.org) aimed at helping change the conversation about pornography in our country and has written Playing Hurt: A Guy’s Strateg...more
Shaunti Feldhahn
Shaunti received her graduate degree from Harvard University and was an analyst on Wall Street before unexpectedly becoming a social researcher, best-selling author and popular speaker. Today, she applies her analytical skills to investigating eye-opening, life-changing truths about relationships, both at home and in the workplace. Her groundbreaking research-based books, such as For Women Only, have sold more than 3 million copie...more
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Visions of Europe
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Film language(s):
Czech, Danish, Dutch, English, Finnish, French, German, Greek, Italian, Lithuanian, Luxembourgish, Maltese, Polish, Portuguese, Slovak, Slovenian, Spanish, Swedish, and Turkish
Film production company:
Athenafilm, Bianca Film, Column Productions, Coop99 Filmproduktion, Corazón International, Cumulus Projekt, Drunken Angel Entertainment, E-Motion film, Fantastic Films, Filmes do Tejo, Goran Production Company, Hargla Company, Inkas Production, Kasander Film Company, Lychnari Productions, MMG Film & TV Production, Maestranza Films, Negativ, Princes Films, Public Institution Kinemos Grupe, Rattlesnake Productions, SHOTS Film & Video Production Pty. Ltd., Sputnik Oy, TT Filmmûhely, Titanic s.r.o., and Zentropa Entertainments
Film genre(s):
Comedy, Drama, and Feature
Film subject(s):
Europe -- Social conditions
Europe -- Social life and customs -- Drama
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Client Letter 2020
Valued coreVISION Client,
2020 has no doubt been a humbling year for all of us. But even so, what we have learned will make us stronger as we forge onward. In reflecting on one of the toughest years socially that many of us can remember, we will take a few lessons with us, namely the resilience of humans and their ability to adapt.
First with the rise in video conferencing, co-workers, families, even doctors/advisors and patients/clients can meet virtually from almost anywhere. Technology has taken us to new heights and in many cases allowed us to stay home. This trend is likely one we will embrace for the foreseeable future. The second takeaway is how wearing a mask in public has become almost 2nd nature to most in just 9 short months. It almost feels routine now to take it with you everywhere you go, like your phone or wallet.
As we all look to 2021 to get here as fast as possible, we would be remiss if we didn’t take a chance to recognize some highlights of 2020 for all team members and their families. You will notice these posted on our various social media accounts throughout the month in hopes of connecting you to all who make things possible for coreVISION Financial Group. While we hope to be gathering again with our families and friends soon, we wish you all a safe, healthy, and socially distanced holiday season!
Your coreVISION Team
Beau Browning,ChFC 2020 has been an exciting year for the Browning family. Mary was promoted to the Director of Inside Sales for Emplify, an employee engagement firm. Michaela turns 3 TODAY and will be moving to a new classroom where she'll meet lots of new friends. She is looking forward to being a big sister in April and continues to bring joy to everyone she meets. Beau ran his first 5k cross country race in September to help raise money for The O'Connor House, a not-for-profit whose mission is to provide a Christian home for single moms. The Brownings were blessed to take mini vacations to Hilton Head and the Montana mountains in order to get a little R & R from this chaotic year. They are looking forward to meeting their new baby girl and all the memories that they will make as a family of 4!
Brent Thoman The Thoman's are always busy and 2020 didn't prove to be any different. Brent and his wife Amanda's oldest son Cooper had a big year. In January he helped his basketball team win the City Championship for the A team. Cooper graduated to the Middle School where he plays tennis and basketball. He also is a member of the Robotics Club. The Thoman's middle son Camden is also quite the athlete. He and his basketball team won the City championship for the B team. He continues to play basketball for St. Joe this year. Both Cooper and Camden had a successful baseball season with the Shelby County Cubs. Brent continues to coach for St. Joe's elementary basketball team as well as all 3 kids baseball teams. That's right Kendall, Brent and Amanda's youngest daughter, plays baseball too. She also enjoys performing on stage with her competitive dance team. Amanda continues to be a member of our local Tri Kappa chapter as well as managing a team at IUPUI that assists with students enrollment. Some of Brent's 2020 accomplishments include being named the Blue River Foundation Board President as well as President for the Major Health Partners Foundation.
Jason Pike Even with 2020's challenges, the Pike's were able to squeeze out a few victories. Jason's wife Jodi, started a new position as the Deputy Clerk Treasurer for the City of Shelbyville. Ella, their oldest daughter, is quite the little runner. In her first year of cross country, she placed in the top 15 and in the top 20 while running against other 2nd, 3rd, and 4th grade girls from many other elementary schools. She now holds the St. Joe record for the fastest 2nd grade girl in school history! Claire continues to have her fearless nature and learned to wakesurf over the summer. It case you are curious, Claire is a mere 4 years old. Jason and Jodi may have their hands full with this little daredevil. Jason says his 2020 accomplishment is that he gained a little more patience. Though he probably didn't have much choice when trying to complete e-learning with a 2nd grader and a preschooler. All jokes aside, he has spent most of 2020 focusing on our team's growth and ensuring that the decisions that are made, moving forward, will only enhance the client experience.
Jennie Claxton The Claxton Crew didn't skip a beat in 2020. Ryan continued to enjoy playing golf and again was elected to Shelby County Council. Emma, Ryan and Jennie's oldest daughter, brought home 2 national titles over the summer with her competitive dance team. Emma has such grace on stage and is a joy to watch. Sophie, Ryan and Jennie's youngest, continues to win the hearts of everyone she meets with her infectious joy. Sophie continues to love gymnastics. She is quite the social butterfly and enjoys meeting new friends. Jennie, like most of us, was happy to just survive e-learning during quarantine, all while trying to work full time from home. Thankfully, the Claxton's were able to carve a little time out of their busy schedules. They spent some time with Mickey and had a fun family vacation at Disney World.
Sandy Leffler 2020 definitely wasn't boring for the Leffler's. Sandy started the year off with a bang and was chosen by the Shelby County Chamber of Commerce for the Golden Pineapple Customer Service Award at their Awards Gala. This award was well deserved and we are all very proud and blessed to have Sandy on our team! Sandy and Tim's son Shawn is halfway through the Doctor of Physical Therapy program at the University of Dayton. He and his wife Bailey are currently living in Dayton, Ohio. Bailey has accepted a new position with Purdue University in the Marketing Department. Their son Jacob, purchased a new home in Greenfield, Indiana in 2020. Sandy and Tim are happy to have Jacob so close.
Andrea Lee, CFP® 2020 brought many new and exciting accomplishments for the Lee's. Andrea earned her CFP® designation after 3 years of working toward this goal. The CERTIFIED FINANCIAL PLANNER™ certification is the standard of excellence in financial planning. Andrea's husband Jason started a new position with Avanos Medical as a Territory Manager for Central Indiana. Their sons, Brody (10) and Beckam (8), both ran cross country for the first time this year. Andrea also ran her first cross country 5k with Beau Browning in September, she has a whole new respect for running in the grass. Both of the Lee boys started playing basketball this year. Brody is playing for St. Joe with Brent Thoman as his coach and Beckam is playing for Shelby Shock. The Lee's are looking forward to 2021 and all it has to offer!
Audrey Morgan 2020 provided some exciting changes for the Morgan Family. Michael took a new position as a heavy equipment engineer with Mid Central Operating Engineers Local #103. During our coreVISION staff outing Audrey and Michael both schooled the rest of us on the race track. Michael had the fastest lap for the guys and Audrey for the ladies. Carter is Michael and Audrey's oldest son. He is enjoying playing basketball. Carlee is a gymnast and is enjoying her tumbling class. Carter and Carlee are receiving in person education this year along with 3 other children. They love it! The Morgan's also have twin daughters, River and Oaklyn. It is hard to believe that these sweet girls are already 2 years old. Audrey continues to be a blessing to coreVISION. Her comedic personality keeps us all laughing.
Brett Rice, CPFA The Rice Clan has continued to stay busy with sports and other hobbies throughout 2020. Brett earned his CPFA designation, demonstrating his knowledge, expertise and commitment to working with retirement plans. Brett also started hosting a series of videos discussing many popular financial topics for coreVISION this year. He is hoping to go live with coreVISION's first podcast channel early next year. Brett was named the Shelbyville High School Booster Club President. His three children were busy this year as well. Keaton started a job as a Direct Support Professional with DSA Caregiver. Marlee, as a highschool sophomore, competed for a second year in the IHSAA State swim meet for the 2019-2020 school year. We are excited to see Marlee's talent grow this year during her junior year swim season. Hudson, Brett's youngest, continues to enjoy playing travel basketball for Shelby Shock.
Brittany Zimny Brittany and her husband Kevin continue to stay busy chasing their three young sons. Brittany will celebrate her one year anniversary with coreVISION this month after staying home for the last three years to care for her boys. Brittany's background in marketing has proved a true asset to coreVISION. She has helped us implement many new processes as well as creating new materials, including the 2020 coreVISION State of the Firm. Brittany and Kevin's oldest son Cam graduated Pre-K and started Kindergarten this year. He loved playing baseball for the first time over the summer. Brittany and Kevin also have twin boys, Jordan and Logan. They started preschool in August which has given Brittany a chance to take a breath.
Bill Robertson Bill is another one of our newest team members. He and Nanette both believe that the team and resources that they are now able to leverage by joining the coreVISION team will only enhance the client experience. They are both thankful for their terrific and loyal clients and feel blessed to continue serving these clients and their families. Bill and his wife Kim received a wonderful Christmas gift last year with the birth of their second grandson, Hendryx on Christmas Eve. Again their family grew in February when their first grandson Elliott got to be a big brother to his new baby sister Londyn. Bill says everyday brings new firsts. He and Kim are loving every minute they get to share with their beautiful grandchildren. He and his family would like to wish you all a very Merry Christmas and a peaceful holiday season!
Nanette Potter
Nanette is one of our newest team members. She assists clients for the Bargersville location. She and her husband Roy have enjoyed settling in to their new peaceful property, located in Shelbyville. Nanette and Roy's daughter Baleigh Anne graduated in the spring with a bachelor's degree in legal studies. She has started a career as a paralegal & client management specialist for a law firm in Bloomington. Their son Roy is a senior in high school and is excelling in his school's welding program. Nanette has learned quite a bit over the past year and has really enjoyed getting to know Bill's clients. She and her family want to wish everyone a Merry Christmas and Happy Holidays!
Grant Reeves Grant is very happy to have passed his Series 7 and 66 exams and to have joined the coreVISION team this year. After "stay-at-home" and two months of dealing with their parents during e-learning, Grant's daughters Emeline and Cora were thrilled to go back to school. Emeline is a fourth grader and Cora is in kindergarten. Grant is looking forward to starting a term on the Franklin County School Board, which will start in January.
coreVISION Financial Group
Shelbyville Office: (317) 398-8200
Nashville Office: (812) 988-6077
Bargersville Office: (317) 660-2454
Fax: (317) 398-8201 2177
Intelliplex Dr. Suite 201
Shelbyville, IN 46176
info@corevisionfg.com
Disclosure: The LPL Financial representative associated with this website may discuss and/or transact securities business only with residents of the following states: Alabama, Arizona, California, Florida, Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Montana, New Jersey, North Carolina, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Virginia, Washington, West Virginia and Wisconsin.
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Home Cuba Cuba economy and business Entrepreneurship in Cuba: What you need to know
Cuba-U.S. relations are still thawing, but that doesn’t mean entrepreneurs have to sit and wait idly by.
“For any entrepreneur right now, it’s about making connections. Once things open up, which I think will happen sooner rather than later, then business can start,” said Thomas Hayes, chair and professor of marketing at Xavier University, who has traveled to Cuba multiple times over the past three years.
Since President Barack Obama’s visit in March, both big and emerging businesses are waiting for a green light to enter the Cuban market. The Cuban government currently allows self-employment in approximately 200 categories and has recently relaxed its trade policies. U.S. companies, however, are still not allowed to set up shop.
While D.C. irons out the details with Cuban President Raúl Castro, start-ups can start visiting Cuba to develop an understanding of the culture, consumer needs and talk with their Caribbean counterparts.
Educators such as Professor Hayes can go to Cuba under guidelines for the education field. “You can literally say, ‘I’m going down for cultural or educational reasons, and as long as you go to a museum or gallery,’ you can do it. You can make connections with Cubans,” Hayes said.
The rules are different for businesspeople.
Bob Guild, vice president of Marazul Charters, which has organized trips to Cuba for a long time, said that entrepreneurs have to fit into one of 12 categories of general licenses created by the Treasury Department’s Office of Foreign Assets Control (OFAC) for travel to Cuba. The two categories most business travelers employing his company’s charter services use are “professional research and professional meetings” or the newly created “people-to-people” exchanges category authorized by President Obama.
There is another category for businesspersons actively selling goods in Cuba, such as foodstuffs or medical goods, but that would not apply to entrepreneurs traveling for general business research purposes.
“If you are just checking things out and want to see the possibilities, simply travel under ‘professional research,'” Guild said. He added that this general license could also apply to individuals who studied for a professional field while in school, did not pursue it, but are now looking to get back into that field.
The “people-to-people” exchanges authorized by the government are the most liberal of any Cuban travel authorization, Guild said. Authorized by President Obama in March, it does not require group travel or a professional background. It only requires the person who travels to Cuba to develop a full schedule of meaningful interchanges and keep records of those meetings for five years. While Treasury classifies these “people-to-people” exchanges as “educational,” Guild said they are not limited to educators. Still, as it applies to businesspeople, this category is not as clear-cut as the “professional” license.
But Guild did provide two points of caution: First, businesspeople traveling under this license should have a serious intent. He said, “We’ve all had meaningful exchanges with bartenders,” but that should not be the extent of a businessperson’s intent.
The Treasury Department fact sheet on the people-to-people policy states, “Individuals will be authorized to travel to Cuba for individual people-to-people educational travel, provided that they engage in a full-time schedule of educational exchange activities intended to enhance contact with the Cuban people, support civil society in Cuba, or promote the Cuban people’s independence from Cuban authorities and that will result in a meaningful interaction between the traveler and individuals in Cuba.”
And second, under a license to travel, Guild said that any businessperson must decide whether a commercial visa from the commercial attaché of the Cuban embassy is required. “There are two governments involved here,” he said.
If a businessperson is going to Cuba to set up a commercial operation, there is a definitive need for a commercial visa. But if the person is traveling for general research purposes, the visa may not be required — but the second trip they make, to follow up on a more specific business opportunity, would require it, Guild said, adding, “Use realism. It’s a judgment call.”
Experts say that Cuban entrepreneurs are eager to generate more business.
“A lot of Cuban entrepreneurs are being successful, and they are excited. Some of them are making money hand over fist,” said Richard Feinberg, author of forthcoming “Business: Building the New Cuban Economy” and senior fellow in the Latin America Initiative at the Brookings Institute.
The number of self-employed Cubans, or cuentapropistas, rose from 150,000 to 500,000 between 2010 and 2015, revealed the World Policy Journal. The adult population of Cuba is 11 million, according to the CIA World Factbook.
“Havana and other cities are blossoming with new restaurants and bed-and-breakfasts; transportation services, including taxis and trucking; as well as private construction firms and appliance-fixing shops,” Feinberg said.
The majority of start-ups recently launched by Cubans have centered around tourism and the service industry, but there is a growing cadre of internet-based content and publishing companies in Cuba, according to multiple experts.
“I think there are a lot of other Cubans who want to get in the game,” Feinberg said.
But questions remain on how new start-ups will function.
“To get the kind of high-growth entrepreneurship that can really create high-quality jobs, have added value and drive socioeconomic prosperity, you’re going to need the institutions to get on board,” said Northwestern University’s Kellogg School of Management professor Benjamin Jones. “Will start-ups be able to scale?”
“I THINK THERE ARE A LOT OF OTHER CUBANS WHO WANT TO GET IN THE GAME.”-Richard Feinberg, senior fellow in the Latin America Initiative at the Brookings Institute
Infrastructure, construction, telecommunications and business services, like payroll and accounting, are areas experts say are ripe for development.
“There’s an opportunity to make money [in Cuba]. When will it happen? I wish I could say. I would hope within the next two years. But it’s never too early to make connections,” Hayes said.
Kaveh Miremadi, a sanctions attorney with Price Benowitz, said the contours of OFAC guidelines are not always easy to understand. Any businessperson interested in traveling to Cuba but who has any doubts about eligibility can submit a letter to OFAC asking for interpretive guidance. He said it would be best to have a lawyer draft the letter and that the filer should expect a lengthy wait before OFAC replies, as long as two to six months.
Guild said in his experience it takes OFAC even longer to reply to requests for interpretive guidance. With the new rules, in particular the person-to-person exchange, an individual, or lawyer, should be able to make a determination about travel to Cuba without taking this step.
CNBC 21.04.2016
Next articleFACTS FOR VISITORS
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You are here: Home1 / Artemis Cooper
The Great Adventurer: Patrick Leigh Fermor
5th May 2014 /in History Hub, Talks & Audio /by Artemis Cooper
A recording from the talk ‘The Great Adventurer: Patrick Leigh Fermor by Artemis Cooper at CVHF on Thursday 27th June 2013.
Patrick Leigh Fermor led an extraordinary life. A war hero whose exploits in Crete are legendary, he was also widely acclaimed as one of the greatest travel writers of our times, notably for his books about his walk across pre-war Europe, A Time of Gifts and Between the Woods and the Water. He was a self-educated polymath, a lover of Greece and the best company in the world. Artemis Cooper has drawn on years of interviews and conversations with Paddy and his closest friends as well as having complete access to his archives. Her beautifully crafted biography became a best-seller and was widely praised. Here she tells Paddy Leigh Fermor’s story and explains why this man of such extraordinary gifts was such a wonderful personality and why he inspired such passionate friendships.
This year Artemis Cooper returns to CVHF on 26 June. Her talk, Cairo in the War, 1939 – 1945 she will relate the progress and fortunes of the war in the desert against the background of legendary parties and a hotbed of spies and intrigue.
https://cvhf.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2014/06/soundcloud-logo.png 400 400 Artemis Cooper https://cvhf.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/logo_website.gif Artemis Cooper2014-05-05 20:26:542015-01-26 23:52:09The Great Adventurer: Patrick Leigh Fermor
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Countdown to 2012: What to watch on New Year’s Eve
Taylor Bigler Entertainment Editor
December 30, 2011 8:50 AM ET
If you are planning to ring in 2012 on your couch rather than a club, you have a bevy of choices.
From the classic Dick Clark “New Year’s Rockin’ Eve” special on ABC, to BET’s all-day music video marathon, here is a list of what’s on TV:
ABC: Dick Clark and Ryan Seacrest host the 40th annual “New Year’s Rockin’ Eve” special. The show starts at 10 p.m. EST and will broadcast from Los Angeles and New York. Lady Gaga, Nicki Manaj, Pittbull and the Black Eyed Peas are among 29 performances.
Fox: Y’all can celebrate 2012 with “American Country New Year’s Live,” which will feature performances from Toby Keith and Joe Nichols from Las Vegas and New York.
NBC: Cee Lo Green, Blake Shelton, The Roots and Jimmy Fallon will make appearances on Carson Daly’s two-hour special from Times Square.
Fox News Channel: It’s another country-themed New Year’s Eve with hosts Megyn Kelly and Bill Hemmer. Performances by Trace Adkins and Big & Rich will be live from Times Square.
CNN: For the fourth year in a row, viewers will cringe as Kathy Griffin foul-mouths her way through the night with co-host Anderson Cooper.
MTV: Tweens will delight in the network’s lineup this year, which features performances from Selena Gomez, J Cole and Mac Miller from Times Square. Demi Lovato will host along with “Teen Wolf” star Tyler Posey.
BET: After a 12-hour marathon of music videos, the channel will broadcast “106 and Party” starting at 11 p.m.
(RELATED: Kathy Griffin’s worst New Year’s Eve moments)
Follow Taylor on Twitter
Tags : new years eve
Taylor Bigler
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Home News Breaking News FOUND: Twin from France Goes Missing
FOUND: Twin from France Goes Missing
[Update below.] The acrobatic and entertaining Twins From France are known for giving good times to the public, but it seems like one of the popular pair has run into some trouble.
One of the twins, Yaakov Gourion, a 23-year-old Lubavitcher bochur, has not been in touch with his brother since last night, raising serious concerns regarding his whereabouts.
His married brother, Yisroel Gourion, initially said that Yaakov went to Boro Park to have his vehicle repaired. Yisroel became concerned after Yaakov failed to show up for a scheduled performance, and had not made any contact with him, which had never happened before.
“He went to fix his Ford van in Boro Park and maybe the battery of his cell phone was dead or he was out of credit,” he told COLLive.com to explain his brother being incommunicado.
But when hours passed and the cell phone remained unanswered, Yisroel filed a missing report with the New York City Police Department. Shomrim and Shmirah volunteer patrol groups were notified as well.
Shortly after 6 p.m. yesterday, Yaakov, who had taken his tefillin with him, was reportedlyseen at a car repair shop in Boro Park. Yisroel later said that this claim was not confirmed.
A source in the NYPD said Yaakov had taken his passport and a cash amount of $5,000.
Yaakov is said to be 5’6″, with black hair and green eyes. He was driving a grey 1993 Econoline van with New York plates EWV2533.
Some sources claimed the twin had been found, but Matzav.com has confirmed that the rumors are false.
Yaakov has been missing now for over 22 hours.
Update, Tuesday, 8 a.m. EST: After a long night of searching, Yaakov Gourion has been found safe and sound, boruch Hashem.
Yaakov was found at about 4:30 a.m.
Yaakov said he wasn’t missing, but that his phone was off, but he did say that he felt his brother did the right thing by worrying and contacting authorities after not being able to reach him.
{Andy Heller-Matzav.com Newscenter}
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Next articleToday’s Yahrtzeits & History – 3 Elul
down to earth August 20, 2012 at 9:50 pm
Alteh- Bucher August 20, 2012 at 10:16 pm
hope they find him.
Yankel from Lakewood August 20, 2012 at 10:17 pm
What is the name for Tehillim?
I’d like to daven that he be found sfae and sound
concerned August 20, 2012 at 10:37 pm
I hope they find him healthy & gezunt. This is not a joke.
Hashem should save him from harm as he has brought joy to thousands all over the world.
name August 20, 2012 at 11:25 pm
yaakov ben rachel
mishie August 21, 2012 at 12:47 am
His name is Yaakov Refael Ben Rochel
Keep us updated!! August 21, 2012 at 5:37 am
May we hear only besorot tovot
found August 21, 2012 at 8:02 am
hapopy to hear he is safe
Clarifier August 21, 2012 at 8:14 am
“but it seems like one of the popular pair has run into some trouble.” dear editor: the preceding description belittles the situation and is not worthy of a site like yours. Please change the description to report as you would for a Jewish young man missing and us worried for him.
mishie August 21, 2012 at 9:05 am
Yaakov was found BH. 4:28 AM
borucxh hashem
derek jeter August 21, 2012 at 10:17 am
where was he found?
Upset August 21, 2012 at 10:41 am
So Matzav was part of this HOAX?! Now you have egg on your face!
gabriel August 21, 2012 at 10:56 am
Terrible reporting. If you are going to tell us of the disappearance the least you can do is give the real reason he went missing, or at least say the brothers ask the public for some privacy.
Maven August 21, 2012 at 11:49 am
Hoax?
Flatbush Bubby August 21, 2012 at 1:49 pm
He sure knows how to worry us doesn’t he?
he’s super talented like his bro and I wish them well.
GRAET August 21, 2012 at 3:18 pm
why is this news August 21, 2012 at 4:51 pm
why is this news??
alex August 21, 2012 at 7:35 pm
Hey wats up derek jeter?
robinson August 21, 2012 at 11:48 pm
hi derek and alex
swisher August 21, 2012 at 11:51 pm
wow our whole team is here
Joe G. August 21, 2012 at 11:59 pm
you guys having a good time? You think it is funny?
oboma August 22, 2012 at 11:17 pm
it is not funny you clowns be happy he was FOUND SAFE
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DEY has been publishing relevant reports for early childhood advocates, citing recent research and comprehensive but easily understood narrative on topics of concern to educators. Its first report, "Reading Instruction in Kindergarten: Little to Gain, Much to Lose," written by Nancy Carlsson-Paige, Geralyn Bywater McLauglin, and Joan Almon, was published in 2014 and is still relevant today. Since then, DEY has published reports on a number of subjects from math curriculum to children and technology to the impact of COVID-19.
The Impact of COVID-19 on Young Children, Families, and Teachers
Re-Thinking School Readiness: Knowledge Goals vs. Intellectual Goals and Short-Term vs. Long-Term Outcomes
Niños Pequeños en la Generación Digital: Una Guia para Padres de Niños Pequeños en la Era Digital
Niños Pequeños en la Generación Digital
Our Latest Report: Young Children in the Digital Age: A Parent’s Guide
DEY’s latest report, Young Children in the Digital Age: A Parent’s Guide by Nancy Carlsson-Paige, Ed.D. One of the biggest challenges…
The Disappearance of Child-Directed Activities and Teachers’ Autonomy from Massachusetts Kindergartens
by R. Clarke Fowler, Ph.D., Department of Childhood Education and Care, Salem State University (2018) This report documents the disappearance…
“Teachers Speak Out: How School Reforms are Failing Low-Income Young Children”
by Diane E. Levin, Ph.D., Professor of Education, Wheelock College and Judith Van Hoorn, Ph.D., Professor Emeritus, University of the…
“Straight Talk about Kindergarten Readiness Assessment”
by Stephanie Feeney, Ph.D., Professor Emerita of Education, University of Hawaii (2016) What is kindergarten readiness assessment? Why is Defending…
Constance Kamii’s Critical Look at the K-3 Common Core State Standards for Math
Today we release a new report, Selected Standards from the Common Core State Standards for Mathematics, Grades K-3: My Reasons for…
“Lively Minds: Distinctions Between Academic versus Intellectual Goals for Young Children”
by Lilian G. Katz, Ph.D., University of Illinois Clearinghouse on Early Education and Parenting (2015) Should academic instruction be a…
Reading Instruction in Kindergarten: Little to Gain and Much to Lose
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Fragments d'architecture antique d'après les relevés & restaurations des anciens pensionnaires de l'Académie de France à Rome, Volume 2
Print 100, front
Print 100, back
Espouy, H. d’ (Hector d’), 1854-1928. Fragments d'architecture antique d'après les relevés & restaurations des anciens pensionnaires de l'Académie de France à Rome, Volume 2 - Print 60, back. 1800s. Kenneth Franzheim II Rare Books Room, William R. Jenkins Architecture and Art Library, University of Houston Libraries. University of Houston Digital Library. Web. January 16, 2021. https://digital.lib.uh.edu/collection/frare/item/2142/show/2060.
Espouy, H. d’ (Hector d’), 1854-1928. (1800s). Fragments d'architecture antique d'après les relevés & restaurations des anciens pensionnaires de l'Académie de France à Rome, Volume 2 - Print 60, back. Selections from the Franzheim Rare Books Room. Kenneth Franzheim II Rare Books Room, William R. Jenkins Architecture and Art Library, University of Houston Libraries. Retrieved from https://digital.lib.uh.edu/collection/frare/item/2142/show/2060
Espouy, H. d’ (Hector d’), 1854-1928, Fragments d'architecture antique d'après les relevés & restaurations des anciens pensionnaires de l'Académie de France à Rome, Volume 2 - Print 60, back, 1800s, Selections from the Franzheim Rare Books Room, Kenneth Franzheim II Rare Books Room, William R. Jenkins Architecture and Art Library, University of Houston Libraries, accessed January 16, 2021, https://digital.lib.uh.edu/collection/frare/item/2142/show/2060.
Title Fragments d'architecture antique d'après les relevés & restaurations des anciens pensionnaires de l'Académie de France à Rome, Volume 2
Espouy, H. d’ (Hector d’), 1854-1928
Contributor (LCNAF)
Daumet, Georges, 1870-1918
Publisher Ch. Massin
Date 1800s
Description This French text written by Hector d’Espouy and contributed to by Georges Daumet was published in an unknown year in the 19th century by Ch. Massin in Paris, France. The title roughly translates to ‘Fragments of ancient architecture from returns & restorations of former students of the Academy of France in Rome.’ True to its name, the book offers a collection of 23 architectural plates and notes composed by the titular students, and serves as an addendum to the first volume. All of the prints within depict Roman architecture within the city of Rome.
Architecture, Classical
Architectural drawing -- France
Architecture -- Details
Academy of France
Original Item Location NA261.E6 1800z
File Name uhlib_490930_v002_129.jpg
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LIVE LIFE LOCAL
WELLBEING WEEK
FUTURE SELECTION
January #LockdownGiveaway
The January blues are in full swing again, not to mention being in the middle of another lockdown. But fear not, as Decadance will be lifting up Brighton’s spirits by giving away a whole load of great prizes! Lock into Drivetime with Taylor every weekday from 4pm where he’ll be announcing the prizes and details on how you can win.
To be in for a chance of winning you’ll need to follow our Instagram page, download the Decadance app and use it to text the studio LOCKDOWN and your full name. Taylor will call the winner during the Friday Decadance show… but you’ll have to answer the call to win! Entrants must be over 18 and there is only one entry per person per week. Full terms and conditions can be found here.
The easiest way to reach your favourite shows and to make you are in with the best chance of getting your hands on top prizes is to have the Decadance App downloaded. Available on the App Store and Google Play, you can also listen to anything you might have missed.
Make sure you’re following us on social media to stay up to date with all things Decadance: @clubindecadance on Facebook, Instagram, Twitter and Twitch.
By entering this giveaway, you confirm acceptance of the following Terms and Conditions, and agree to be bound by them:
Decadance January Lockdown Giveaway
These terms and conditions should be read together with, and are in addition to, the Decadance Group Competition General Terms & Conditions which can be viewed HERE.
Together these specific competition terms and conditions and the general terms shall be referred to as the “Terms”. Where there is a conflict between these terms and the General Terms, these terms shall prevail.
1: COMPETITION / GIVEAWAY NAME
The January Lockdown Giveaway runs from the Start Date to the End Date as set out below (the “Competition”).
2: PROMOTER
Decadance Radio Ltd, registered office: 47a Bury Old Road, Prestwich, Manchester, M25 0FG, United Kingdom. Trading offices: The Old Factory, 30-31 Devonshire Place, Brighton, East Sussex, BN2 1QB, United Kingdom, and and registered under company number 12489728 (the “Promoter”)
3: WEBSITE
The website is https://decadanceradio.com (the “Website”)
4: COMPETITION START DATE, END DATE AND ENTRY PERIODS
Start Date: Friday 08 January 2021 at 4:00pm
End Date: Friday 29 January 2021 at 6:00pm
The first Entry Period will open on Friday 08 January 2021 at 4:00pm, and close on Friday 15 January 2021 at 4:00pm.
Following this first Entry Period, the Competition will open and close as follows (individually an “Entry Period”, together the “Entry Periods”):
Open: Friday 15 January at 5:00pm
Close: Friday 22 January at 4:00pm
Any entries received before the Start Date or after the End Date (as stated above) will be invalid, but you may still be charged depending on which platform is being used.
We reserve the right to broadcast the Competition at any time throughout each day during the broadcast schedule.
5: COMPETITION DETAILS
After the start of each Entry Period, the prize amount (the “Prize”) will be announced on air. The Prize will be the item mentioned by the presenter and we reserve the right to announce the Prize at any time during the Entry Period.
We may also advertise the Prize online at https://decadanceradio.com and all other group websites, via social media and SMS marketing message or any other medium at our absolute discretion.
After the Entry Period has closed, one entrant from all of the valid entries will be selected by automated random draw (the “Draw”).
In order to play the Competition, the entrant must answer their phone before it rings out or goes to answerphone. If they are not in a position to play for any reason then they will be unable to play the Competition, and no other entrant will be called.
The entrant selected may be required to talk to the presenter / programming team, and the call may be live or pre-recorded and played on-air (assuming there is no breach of these terms and conditions).
The entrant will not win the Prize should they:
• fail to answer the phone at all; or
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The MK-ULTRA iceberg
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Carsten Wiethoff
Magda Hassan Wrote:
John Bevilaqua Wrote: Wonder if David Corso was Lt. Col. Philip J. Corso's son perhaps? Corso ran the Vatican Rat Lines behind the back of Giovanni Battista Montini IMHO.
He essentially implied that he had FULL CONTROL of the project and was the person who decided who got or could get Vatican Visas and who would have to be removed from Vatican control to obtain SKOM doctored Visas. More later on this.
Yes he is his son according to this:
Quote: It was very nice to meet Lt. Col. Phillip J. Corso's son Phillip Jr and his wife Liz. Phill is a member of The Christian Motorcycle Association and a strong believer in the Lord Jesus Christ.
Lt. Col. Phillip J. Corso was the author of "The Day After Roswell" with William J. Birnes.
"As chief of the Army's Foreign Technology Division in 1961, Phillip J. Corso stewarded the Roswell, New Mexico, alien artifacts in a reverse-engineering project that led to today's:
Integrated circuit chips
Super-tenacity fibers
and "seeded" the Roswell alien technology to giants of American industry."
http://www.logoschristian.org/ftwaltonbeach/
No David there. Am I missing something?
The most relevant literature regarding what happened since September 11, 2001 is George Orwell's "1984".
Carsten Wiethoff Wrote: No David there. Am I missing something?
::doh:: No you aren't missing anything Carsten. That will teach me to do research on the rush without a cup of morning tea. I did see he had 2 children but I have closed all the tabs I had up and can't find them again. I'll try again later.
David Guyatt
Not having a morning cup of tea is almost a hanging offence from where I hail from! ::laughingdog::
The shadow is a moral problem that challenges the whole ego-personality, for no one can become conscious of the shadow without considerable moral effort. To become conscious of it involves recognizing the dark aspects of the personality as present and real. This act is the essential condition for any kind of self-knowledge.
Carl Jung - Aion (1951). CW 9, Part II: P.14
Peter Lemkin
Psychotronic and Electromagnetic Weapons: Remote Control of the Human Nervous System
By Mojmir Babacek / Global ResearchMarch 20th
By Mojmir Babacek
Global Research, January 31, 2013
In March 2012 the Russian defense minister Anatoli Serdjukov said:
"The development of weaponry based on new physics principles; direct-energy weapons, geophysical weapons, wave-energy weapons, genetic weapons, psychotronic weapons, etc., is part of the state arms procurement program for 2011-2020," Voice of Russia
The world media reacted to this hint on the open use of psychotronic weapons by the publication of scientific experiments from the 1960s where electromagnetic waves were used to transmit simple sounds into the human brain. However, most of them avoided saying that since then extensive scientific research has been carried out in this area throughout the world. Only a Colombian newspaper, El Spectador, published an article covering the whole scale of the achievements of this (computerized English translation).
Britain's Daily Mail, as another exception, wrote that research in electromagnetic weapons has been secretly carried out in the USA and Russia since the 1950's and that „previous research has shown that low-frequency waves or beams can affect brain cells, alter psychological states and make it possible to transmit suggestions and commands directly into someone's thought processes. High doses of microwaves can damage the functioning of internal organs, control behaviour or even drive victims to suicide."
In 1975, a neuropsychologist Don R. Justesen, the director of Laboratories of Experimental Neuropsychology at Veterans Administration Hospital in Kansas City, unwittingly leaked National Security Information. He published an article in "American Psychologist" on the influence of microwaves on living creatures' behavior.
In the article he quoted the results of an experiment described to him by his colleague, Joseph C. Sharp, who was working on Pandora, a secret project of the American Navy.
Don R. Justesen wrote in his article:
"By radiating themselves with these voice modulated' microwaves, Sharp and Grove were readily able to hear, identify, and distinguish among the 9 words. The sounds heard were not unlike those emitted by persons with artificial larynxes" (pg. 396).
That this system was later brought to perfection is proved by the document which appeared on the website of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency in 1997, where its Office of Research and Development presented the Department of Defense's project:"Communicating Via the Microwave Auditory Effect".In the description it said:
"An innovative and revolutionary technology is described that offers a low-probability-of-intercept radiofrequency (RF) communications. The feasibility of the concept has been established using both a low intensity laboratory system and a high power RF transmitter. Numerous military applications exist in areas of search and rescue, security and special operations" (See web.iol.cz)
In January 2007 the Washington Post wrote on the same subject:
"In 2002, the Air Force Research Laboratory patented precisely such a technology: using microwaves to send words into someone's head… Rich Garcia, a spokesman for the research laboratory's directed energy directorate, declined to discuss that patent or current or related research in the field, citing the lab's policy not to comment on its microwave work. In response to a Freedom of Information Act request filed for this article, the Air Force released unclassified documents surrounding that 2002 patent records that note that the patent was based on human experimentation in October 1994 at the Air Force lab, where scientists were able to transmit phrases into the heads of human subjects, albeit with marginal intelligibility. Research appeared to continue at least through 2002. Where this work has gone since is unclear the research laboratory, citing classification, refused to discuss it or release other materials"
We can only stress again that the world media avoid publishing the full scale of the progress in the research of the remote control of human nervous system. Dr. Robert Becker, who was twice nominated for Nobel Prize for his share in the discovery of the effects of pulsed fields at the healing of broken bones, wrote in his book "Body Electric" about the experiment from 1974 by J. F. Schapitz, released due to the Freedom of Information Act request.
J.F. Schapitz stated:
"In this investigation it will be shown that the spoken word of hypnotist may also be conveyed by modulated electromagnetic energy directly into the subconscious parts of the human brain i. e. without employing any technical devices for receiving or transcoding the messages and without the person exposed to such influence having a chance to control the information input consciously."
In one of the four experiments subjects were given a test of hundred questions, ranging from easy to technical ones. Later, not knowing they were being irradiated, they would be subjected to information beams suggesting the answers to the questions they had left blank, amnesia for some of their correct answers, and memory falsification for other correct answers. After 2 weeks they had to pass the test again (Dr. Robert Becker: Body Electric: Electromagnetism and the Foundation of Life, William Morrow and comp., New York, 1985,. The results of the second test were never published. It is rather evident that in those experiments the messages were sent into human brain in ultrasound frequencies which the human brain perceives, but of which the subject is unaware. Dr. Robert Becker, due to those publications and his refusal to support the building of the antennae for the communication with submarines in brain frequencies, lost financial support for his research which meant an end to his scientific career.
Transmitting human speech into the human brain by means of electromagnetic waves is apparently, for the researchers, one of the most difficult tasks. It must be much easier to control human emotions which motivate human thinking, decision making and actions. People who claim to be victims of experiments with those devices complain, aside of hearing voices, of false feelings (including orgasms) as well of aches of internal organs which the physicians are unable to diagnose.
In November 2000 the Committee on Security of the Russian State Duma stated that capabilities enabling remote control of the human nervous system or the remote infliction of health impairment are available to many modern governments .See web.iol.cz
It is rather evident that those technologies are used, in conflict with the Nuremberg code, for experiments on unwitting human subjects. In 2001 the newspaper of the U.S. army, Defense News, wrote that Israel was experimenting with those weapons on Palestinians. Ibid
As well ousted Honduran president Manuel Zelaya, while under siege in Brazilian embassy in Honduras, complained that he had been subjected to an "electron bombardment with microwaves" which produces "headache and organic destabilization" The Guardian, October 2008
When asked by Amy Goodman from Democracy Now: „
As president, do you know about this in the Honduran arsenal?" He replied: „Yes, of course"
The use of those weapons is time and again reemerging in times of political crisis. According to Russian daily newspapers, during the failed putsch against Mikhail Gorbachov in 1991, general Kobets warned the defenders of the Russian White House that mind control technology could be used against them (Komsomolskaya Pravda, September 7,1991, O. Volkov, „Sluchi o tom chto nam davili na psychiku nepotverzdalis. Poka").
After the putsch, the vice president of the League of Independent Scientists of the USSR, Victor Sedlecki, published a declaration in the Russian daily Komsomolskaya Pravda where he stated:
As an expert and a legal entity I declare that mass production … of psychotronic biogenerators was launched in Kiev (this is indeed a very serious issue). I cannot assert for sure that that were exactly Kiev generators that were used during the putsch… However, the fact that they were used is obvious to me. What are psychotronic generators? It is an electronic equipment producing the effect of guided control in human organism. It especially affects the left and right hemisphere of the cortex. This is also the technology of the U.S. Project Zombie 5". He further stated that due to the inexperience of the personnel who operated them the attempt to use the generators failed
(Komsomolskaya Pravda, August 27,1991, "Avtory programy Zombi obnaruzheny v Kieve",
See also http://web.iol.cz/mhzzrz/img/Authors_of_...zombie.gif).
In the USA, at present several hundred people complaining of the remote manipulation of their nervous system are preparing a class action lawsuit against the FBI, Department of Defense and other agencies, requesting them to release files pertaining to their persons, detect the harmful radiations aimed at their bodies and sources of those radiations. As well perhaps over 2000 people are complaining in Russia, over 200 in Europe, over 300 in Japan and tens of people in China and India. Russian politician, Vladimir Lopatin, who was working on Committee on Security of the Russian State Duma and introduced there a bill banning the use of those technologies, admitted in his book „Psychotronic Weapon and Security of Russia" (publishing house Sinteg, Moscow, 1999) that in Russia experiments on unwitting citizens are carried out, when he wrote: „
Compensation of damages and losses connected with social rehabilitation of persons suffering from destructive informational influence must be realized in legal trial" (excerpts from the book in English
(http://mojmir.webuda.com/Psychotronic_Weapon_and_the_Security_of_Russia, pg. 113).
It should be understood that most of those people pass through mental hospitals. Vladimir Lopatin visited the USA in 1999 as a chairman of the Military Reform Subcommittee of the USSR Supreme Soviet Committee for Issues of Defense and State Security and met with Richard Cheney. At that time he was described as the "leader of a new breed of Soviet dissidents". Then he disappeared from top ranks of Russian politicians.
Why has this research remained classified until present time? There are two explanations for this: First there is a secret arms race in progress in the world where the superpowers compete to gain decisive supremacy in this area and in this way master the control of the whole world. Second the governments keep those technologies in store for the case that they would not be able to control, by democratic means, the crisis that may arise as a result of their poor decisions. In both cases the era of democracy and human freedom in history will come to an end. According to the declaration of the former Russian Defense minister Serdjukov, there are maximally eight years left within which those weapons will officially become a part of the Russian military arsenal. For democracy this would mean a beginning of the end.
Anyway, in the past Russians were not resolved to put those means to work. When the construction of the American system HAARP was launched, with the system supposedly being able to target large regions of the planet by vibrating the ionosphere in brain frequencies (in this experiment the brain frequencies were not used, but the HAARP system can transmit in brain frequencies as well), Russia declared its willingness to ban mind control technologies. The Russian State Duma and consequently , the Interparliamentary Assembly of the Union of Independent States addressed the United Nations, OBSE and the European Council with a proposal for an international convention banning the development and use of informational weapons. According to the Russian newspaper Segodnya in March 1998, the matter was discussed with U.N. secretary general Kofi Anan, and included on the agenda of the General Assembly of the U.N. web.iol,cz, op cit
It is most likely the USA refused to negotiate this convention and in consequence the ban of informational weapons was not discussed by the United Nations General Assembly. Even in the U.S. congress appeared a bill proposing the ban of mind control technologies http://thomas.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?c107:chemtrails.
But this was only for a very short period of time. The bill was then changed and in the new bill the ban of those technologies was left out of the Space Preservation Bill. Neither the U.S. congress nor the U.S. president made ever an effort to ban mind control weapons. The European Parliament reacted as well to the launch of the HAARP system construction, when it called in 1999 for the ban of manipulation of human beings.
The resolution was passed after the testimony of the American author of the book "Angels Don't Play this HAARP", Nick Begich, which apparently convinced the European Parliament of the possible use of this system to manipulate minds of whole populations. In the report by the European Parliament's STOA (Science and Technological Options Assessment) panel "Crowd Control Technologies" the originally proposed text of the European Parliament's resolution is quoted. There the European Parliament calls "for an international convention and global ban on all research and development , whether civilian or military , which seeks to apply knowledge of the chemical, electrical, sound vibration or other functioning of the human brain to the development of weapons which might enable any form of manipulation of human beings, including a ban on any actual or possible deployment(stressed by the author of the article) of such systems". (40, pg CII, ref. 369). But apparently at the same time the European countries resigned on this intention when accepting the NATO politics of non-lethal weapons.
The same STOA report claims that the USA is a major promoter of the use of those arms and that:
"In October 1999 NATO announced a new policy on non-lethal weapons and their place in allied arsenals" (pg. xlv) and it goes on:
"In 1996 non-lethal tools identified by the U.S. Army included… directed energy systems" and "radio frequency weapons"European Parliament
(at the bottom of the page, second reference pg. Xlvi).
Directed energy system is further defined by the STOA document: „
Directed energy weapon system designed to match radio frequency source to interfere with human brain activity at synapse level" (at the bottom of the page, first reference, Appendix 6-67). Since 1999 those weapons have been upgraded for another 13 years. European Parliament
In 1976 the future National Security advisor to president Carter, Zbygniew Brzezinski, wrote a book "Between Two Ages, America's Role in the Technetronic Era" (Penguin Books, 1976, Massachusets). In the book he predicted "more controlled and directed society" based on the development of technology, where an elite group will play a leading role, which will take advantage of persisting social crises to use "the latest modern techniques for influencing public behavior and keeping society under close surveillance and control".
The use of mind control technologies was predicted as well in the publication of Strategic Studies Institute of the U.S. Army War College, published in 1994
http://www.strategicstudiesinstitute.arm...?pubID=241.
The scenario for the year 2000 expected the growth of terrorism, drug trafficking and criminality and drew a conclusion:
"The president was thus amenable to the use of the sort of psychotechnology which formed the core of the RMA (revolution in military affairs)… it was necessary to rethink our ethical prohibitions on manipulating the minds of enemies (and potential enemies) both international and domestic… Through persistent efforts and very sophisticated domestic "consciousness raising", old-fashioned notions of personal privacy and national sovereignty changed. As technology changed the way force was applied, things such as personal courage, face-to-face leadership, and the warfighter' mentality became irrelevant."…
"Potential or possible supporters of the insurgency around the world were identified using the comprehensive Interagency Integrated Database. These were categorized as potential' or active', with sophisticated personality simulations used to develop, tailor and focus psychological campaigns for each". So the Institute of Strategic Studies supposed that in the year 2000 those technologies would be that advanced that it will be possible to deprive human being of his freedom and adjust his personality to the needs of ruling elite. Most probably those technologies were at this level already in 1994.
The attempts to make the general public acquainted with the existence of those weapons are, with respect to the fact that it is evident that democratic public would require immediate ban of those technologies, systematically suppressed. Vladimir Lopatin wrote:
„The arms race is speeding up as a consequence of classification. Secrecy this is in the first place the way to secure cruel control over the people… the way how to curtail their creativity, turn them into biorobots…", and that psychotronic war "is already taking place without declaration of war, secretly… Only if the work on mind control problem is no more covered by the screen of secrecy, extraordinariness, mysteriousness, if complex, open scientific research with international participation, is carried out, the psychotronic war including the use of psychotronic weapon can be prevented".
The article "Informacni zbrane ohrozuji demokracii a lidstvo" was deleted from the website of the Czech internet newspaper Britske Listy (www.blisty.cz). The sharing of the original web address of the English version of the same article Means of Information War Threaten Democracy and Mankind is blocked on Facebook and a similar article was deleted from the webpage of the Australian magazine "New Dawn".
There exist no legislations punishing the use of those technologies by governments. Only in Russia and some of the states in the USA there are legislations punishing the ownership or trading with those technologies by non governmental entities. For example in the state of Michigan the sentence for this crime is equal to the sentence for ownership or trading with weapons of mass destruction.
"Let me issue and control a nation's money and I care not who writes the laws. - Mayer Rothschild
"Civil disobedience is not our problem. Our problem is civil obedience! People are obedient in the face of poverty, starvation, stupidity, war, and cruelty. Our problem is that grand thieves are running the country. That's our problem!" - Howard Zinn
"If there is no struggle there is no progress. Power concedes nothing without a demand. It never did and never will" - Frederick Douglass
R.K. Locke
http://www.mcgilldaily.com/2012/09/mk-ultraviolence/
MK-ULTRAViolence
Or, how McGill pioneered psychological torture
Written by Juan Camilo Velasquez | Visual by Amina Batyreva
Imagine being trapped in a small room. Your hands covered in gloves, your sight blocked by translucent glasses, and your head covered by a pillow. You cannot touch, taste, see, smell, or feel. You are totally deprived of your senses. This is the imagery of torture in foreign wars, of espionage blockbusters, of terrible nightmares. It seems hardly something that would occur in Montreal. But it did occur, right here at McGill.
Today, many journalists, doctors, and the general public see the Allan Memorial Institute in Royal Victoria Hospital as the cradle of modern torture, a cradle built and rocked by Scottish-born Dr. Donald Ewen Cameron. To the patients of Dr. Ewen Cameron, our university was the site of months of seemingly unending torture disguised as medical experimentation an experimentation that destroyed their lives and changed the course of psychological torture forever.
Cameron's experiments, known as MK-ULTRA subproject 68, were partially funded by the CIA and the Canadian government, and are widely known for their use of LSD, barbiturates, and amphetamines on patients. In the media, they were known as the "mind control" studies done at McGill and were reported as a brainwashing conspiracy from the CIA and the Canadian government. For journalists, the story was a goldmine. LSD use in a CIA experiment was an angle no sensationalist media could reject, especially in the anti-drug frenzy of the 1960s. However, these studies were much more complex than a Timothy Leary scare in la belle ville.
At its worst, the prolonged periods of sensory deprivation and induced sleep used in the experiments left many patients in a child-like mental state, even years after the experiments were finalized. Even today, remnants of Cameron's experiments at the Allan Memorial appear in torture methods at places like Guantanamo Bay.
A Tale of Two Doctors
This story begins on June 1, 1951 at a secret meeting in the Ritz Carlton Hotel on Sherbrooke. The purpose of the meeting was to launch a joint American-British-Canadian effort led by the CIA to fund studies on sensory deprivation. In attendance was Dr. Donald Hebb, then director of psychology at McGill University, who received a grant of $10,000 to study sensory deprivation. It would be fifteen years after this meeting at the Ritz that Cameron would disastrously pick up where Hebb left off.
Dr. Hebb paid a group of his own psychology students to remain isolated in a room, deprived of all senses, for an entire day. In an attempt to determine a link between sensory deprivation and the vulnerability of cognitive ability, Hebb also played recordings of voices expressing creationist or generally anti-scientific sentiments clearly, ideas psychology students would oppose. However, the prolonged period of sensory deprivation made the students overly susceptible to sensory stimulation. Students suddenly became very tolerant of the ideas that they had readily dismissed before. As a history professor at the University of Wisconsin Madison, Alfred McCoy described in his book, A Question of Torture, that during Hebb's own experiments "the subject's very identity had begun to disintegrate." One can only fathom the cognitive effects of Hebb's work.
Yet, Hebb was more Dr. Jekyll than Mr. Hyde. According to McCoy's research, Hebb was described as a gifted man whose ingenuity revolutionized psychology as a science; in fact, seven years after the publication of this research, McGill University and the American Psychological Association nominated him for a Nobel Prize.
Unknowingly, Hebb reached conclusions that would set the agenda for CIA investigation on emerging techniques of psychological torture and interrogation. Five years later, Dr. Donald Ewen Cameron, this story's Mr. Hyde, entered, with an unstoppable will to finish what Hebb had started.
When Cameron started his research, he was the head of the Allan Memorial, which at the time was McGill's psychiatric treatment facility. Although they were separate legal entities, the Royal Victoria Hospital and McGill were unequivocally bound through their medical professionals. Cameron received a salary from McGill but was medically responsible to the hospital. Besides his work on campus, he was a world-renowned professor and a leading figure in the psychological sciences, serving as president of multiple psychiatric associations.
It was determination and ambition that made Cameron a world-renowned psychiatrist. During his most controversial experiments, he strove to break barriers in the understanding of mental illness, but at the expense of his patients' well-being. In a report to the Canadian government in the mid 1980s, sources reveal that Cameron was "ruthless, determined, aggressive, and domineering … He seemed not to have the ability to deeply empathize with their [patients] problems or their situation."
When the whistle blew on Allan Memorial, Cameron's stern portrait turned into the evil stare of a "mad scientist," as media reports explained the nature of his research.
MK-ULTRA Subproject 68
Cameron's research was based on the ideas of "re-patterning" and "re-mothering" the human mind. He believed that mental illness was a consequence of an individual having learned "incorrect" ways of responding to the world. These "learned responses" created "brain pathways" that led to repetitive abnormal behaviour.
Dr. Cameron wanted to de-pattern patients' minds with the application of highly disruptive electroshock twice a day, as opposed to the norm of three times a week. According to him, this would break all incorrect brain pathways, thus de-patterning the mind. Some call it brainwashing; Cameron called it re-patterning.
He held the view that mental illness was also a result of poor mothering. Thus the de-patterning processes rendered the patient's mind in a child-like state and through re-patterning the patient could be "re-mothered."
With this framework in mind, Dr. Cameron set out to prove his theory using questionable methods on unwitting patients.
Step 1: To prepare them for the de-patterning treatment, patients would be put into a state of prolonged sleep for about ten days using various drugs, after which they experienced an invasive electroshock therapy that lasted for about 15 days. But patients were not always prepared for re-patterning and sometimes Cameron used extreme forms of sensory deprivation as well.
Cameron described the experience: "there is not only a loss of the space-time image but a loss of all feeling that should be present…in more advanced forms [the patient] may be unable to walk without support, to feed himself, and he may show double incontinence."
Step 2: Following the preparation period and the de-patterning came the process of "psychic driving" or re-patterning, in which Cameron would play messages on tape recorders to his patients. He alternated negative messages about the patients' lives and personalities with positive ones; these messages could be repeated up to half a million times.
Kubark, or how the CIA learned to torture
The experiments done at McGill were part of the larger MK-ULTRA project led by Sidney Gottlieb of the CIA. In 1963, the year in which MK-ULTRA ended, the CIA compiled all the research into a torture manual called the Kubark Counterintelligence Interrogation Handbook. Yes, a "torture manual" that would eventually define the agency's interrogation methods and training programs throughout the developing world.
The Kubark, which is nowadays readily available, cites the experiments conducted at McGill as one of the main sources of its techniques for sensory deprivation. The document presents some eerie conclusions. An excerpt from the instructions to CIA interrogators reads, "Results produced only after weeks or months of imprisonment in an ordinary cell can be duplicated in hours or days in a cell which has no light, which is sound-proofed, in which odors are eliminated, et cetera," In essence, the psychological paradigm taken by the CIA would not have been possible without Hebb and Cameron's research on sensory deprivation and psychic driving.
With names like MK-ULTRA and Kubark, these experiments sound like they are out of Anthony Burgess's A Clockwork Orange. Hebb and Cameron's work feel so far removed from modern North American life. However, there is strong indication these methods have been used in the United States of America. Following 9/11, the war on terror and the generalized fearmongering that ensued, the Bush administration changed the rules of the game out of concern for homeland security. Then-U.S. Secretary of Defense Donald Rumsfeld approved special practices that included the "use of isolation facility for up to thirty days." All of a sudden, the U.S. allowed the use of torture methods developed just up University.
Only decades later, in the 1980s, did past victims speak about their experiences, and by the nineties, the lawsuits began to pile up. In response, the Canadian government launched "The Allan Memorial Institute Depatterned Persons Assistance Plan," which provided $100,000 to each of the former patients of Dr. Ewen Cameron. The compensation came from a recommendation by lawyer George Cooper, in which he clarified that the Canadian government did not have a legal responsibility for what happened, but a moral responsibility.
A week ago, I met with Alan Stein, a Montreal lawyer who has handled some of the most notable cases of Dr. Cameron's patients against the Allan Memorial and the Canadian government.
Stein is an affable and zealous man whose passion for the practice of law became evident after few minutes of meeting him. Sitting at a big table, in what perhaps was the office boardroom, Stein showed me his signed copy of prominent Canadian author Naomi Klein's The Shock Doctrine. On the cover she had scribbled, "To the lawyer who had the guts to take on the shock doctors and win." Stein's cases have set important precedents for former patients of Dr. Cameron trying to receive compensation. He has been one of the most important figures in offering Cameron's victims some peace of mind. To this day, Stein receives calls and emails from people seeking compensation.
Curiously enough, Stein is also a man in full dedication to his work, in the same vein as Hebb and Cameron but with different results. As he recited by memory the many MK-ULTRA cases he has handled and talked about each of them as if they were still happening, I came to notice a connection between these three men. Hebb, Cameron, and Stein, in their respective eras, had the same relentless determination to their occupation. However, what set them apart so vastly was their morals and in a sense, their ability (or inability) to empathize with other individuals.
Legacy for McGill University
When the news broke of the true nature of Cameron's research, McGill University and Allan Memorial were the names on everyone's lips. A respected educational and research institution had hosted some truly macabre events and shaped the course of torture methods for many years to come.
As Abraham Fuks, Research Integrity Officer and former Dean of the Faculty of Medicine, explained to me in an email, the ethical framework for research has undergone vast changes in the past half a century. Since the seventies and early eighties, Canada and McGill have a regulatory framework for the ethical conduct of research with various mechanisms to ensure its implementation. New rules, stricter journals, and peer reviews are set to uphold medical standards.
Cameron's research at the Allan Memorial could not be possibly carried out today. With hindsight, it is easy to condemn Cameron, Hebb, and possibly every person associated with the MK-ULTRA project. Although some of these men deserve condemnation, it is important to recognize our own privileged position: A position with more information and a different set of values in which judging the past almost happens by default.
But the legacy lives on, and what Cameron did fifty years ago will always be part of our collective consciousness and identity. Unmistakably, reviewing dark stages of our history exposes the volatility and fragility of the research conducted not only at McGill, but at all universities. This story highlights the importance of criticism on all types of research done at this institution, be it military, pharmaceutical, or medical: every piece of research will impact lives and perhaps change the course of humanity.
It's likely that 50 years from now, a bigheaded student journalist with the gift of hindsight will denounce a McGill research project that is currently underway. On that day, we will be accountable for letting it happen.
“The most difficult subjects can be explained to the most slow-witted man if he has not formed any idea of them already; but the simplest thing cannot be made clear to the most intelligent man if he is firmly persuaded that he knows already, without a shadow of doubt, what is laid before him.â€
― Leo Tolstoy,
Charles Keeble
mind control, electronic weapons, TIs and so on...
Those who must silence others for speaking the truth cannot be innocent.
Cia mind control experiments mk-ultra Bernice Moore 0 2,126 Less than 1 minute ago
How To Create a Terrorist - MK Ultra and the War on Terror Anthony Thorne 0 2,920 Less than 1 minute ago
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DISA develops warfighter resources for the next engagement
Agency helps bring Web 2.0 to the battlefield for information sharing, interoperability
By Wyatt Kash
Army Lt. Gen. Carroll Pollett became director of the Defense Information Systems Agency in late 2008. DISA has a workforce of about 1,900 active-duty military personnel and 5,000 civilians who are responsible for developing and maintaining interoperable command and control capabilities and global enterprise infrastructure and information services for the military services.
He spoke recently with Defense Systems Editor-at-Large Wyatt Kash about the agency's challenges and priorities, additional responsibilities that will come to DISA from dismantling the Joint Forces Command, and progress of the agency's Base Realignment and Closure move to Fort Meade, Md.
DS: A central theme of your vision for DISA is delivering a seamless blend of communications, computing and services. How would you characterize the progress DISA has made during your tenure so far?
Pollett: In the past, we have commonly talked about transport, computing, information assurance and enterprise services. What we have tried to do — and I think we are being effective at — is focusing on technology allowing us to integrate and synchronize all of those particular capabilities into a common enterprise infrastructure service from the edge back. One of the products that we are using to build this infrastructure is the Global Information Grid Convergence Plan. It’s a technical guideline that looks at the best practices in engineering within the department and industry and helps to find the kind of technical solutions that we want to use to build capability within the DOD GIG. It’s meant to be utilized by DISA and other organizations within the department. Our objective is to build enterprise solutions that are interoperable…in accordance with the latest standards and how we see standards evolving in the future.
We have also developed a Chief Engineer’s Panel, chaired by my Chief Technology Officer, David Mihelcic. Our focus is on how to optimize technology. This panel will develop and approve the agency's overall technical strategy and architecture and ensure programs comply with DISA’s overarching strategy.
DS: What areas are of particular interest right now?
Pollett: We are very interested in where Internet technology is evolving — particularly Web-based technology — for how we conduct information sharing. Another area is being able to optimize IP collaboration, both in terms of voice and video, to enable more effective command and control. Also important is our ability to leverage wireless and new smart phone technology development in support of the mobile warfighter that we can optimize within the Defense Department.
To support this effort at DISA, we have actually embedded our government engineers into our lines of operation. We are finding that if we can bring our engineers, operators and our acquisition teams together to achieve what the warfighter is asking for, we get closer to getting the capabilities they are looking for faster.
DS: How do you see the test and certification process adapting to facilitate more rapid software delivery?
Pollett: The objective that we are trying to achieve is to develop mission-focused testing as a service on demand and be able to respond in real time to provide capabilities faster. Much of the testing process is a serial process, and it takes too long to complete. We are trying to integrate our testers, bring in the user and…have common standards that help us to address joint interoperability and information assurance testing into an agile, mission focused team. We have talked about trying to federate our testing capabilities and network them so that we are able to test things in parallel. We want to eliminate the need to build more stovepipe test beds by providing a means for testers to locate needed assets, connect them into their test, collect the data needed, then release it when completed. We believe we can achieve significant resource efficiencies and greater agility. Technology today provides us the means to put our test environment together on demand. The idea is to create a virtual library of systems and services to avoid having to stand up physical systems for every test. So we have restructured our testing capabilities within the agency under a senior executive, Dr. Steven Hutchison, who is aggressively working these initiatives across the department.
DS: DISA has recently taken on the task of developing an enterprise e-mail service for the military. DISA abandoned a similar initiative two years ago. What’s different this time?
Pollett: The most significant thing that has changed, from talking to my engineers, is that the technology has evolved [in terms of] scalability and security. Obviously, you can look at e-mail in the commercial market, and they don’t have any problem with scalability. Our challenge with the scalability was the security in that environment. We feel that based on our engagement at this point, that the technology has evolved to a point to where the opportunity to achieve scalability and security simultaneously is an opportunity that we can leverage.
We thought there was goodness in partnering with the Army to conduct an operational test. DISA could do the initial work to stand up this enterprise e-mail, exercise it within the Army and DISA, and establish the standards and enterprise solutions that we could then migrate to the rest of the department. I will not tell you that it’s going to be easy. There are some challenges here, but I am optimistic that based on the work that has been done in the preliminary stages that we have an opportunity within DOD to get this right.
DS: What’s on the short-term horizon in terms of next steps forward?
Pollett: The idea is to take the technology that has been developed and embed it into nine of the DISA data centers to initially service Army and DISA users. Based on current schedules, beginning in January 2011, the Army will start migrating e-mail users. The projection is to migrate over a million users on the unclassified network and 200,000 users on the secret network by the end of 2011, followed by [the Transportation, European and African commands], followed by the rest of the department. This effort will produce significant efficiencies and, we believe, begin to generate annual savings, starting in 2012.
DS: What techniques are you using to accelerate information sharing internally at DISA and with your service customers?
Pollett: This is a great question because what we are seeing from the warfighter is a huge demand signal to address the requirement for information sharing and collaboration. We have to work through both challenges associated with policy and technology. You also have to put in context who we are trying to integrate into this environment. It’s not just U.S. forces. We are focused on U.S., coalition, NATO, interagency and nongovernmental requirements, both from an unclassified and classified perspective.
Probably the one that you heard the most about is our Defense Connect Online system. It services 408,000 users now on a continuous basis, 24/7. The user is able to activate anything from point to point to multiple users and chat capabilities to collaborate globally within DOD. Internal to DISA, I use this with people across the globe.
There is also a network called [the All Partners Access Network]. It used to be the Asia Pacific network, but it has evolved, and it’s now being used in [the Southern and African commands], and we are seeing it migrate to a number of other [combatant commands] and services for utilization, but it is unclassified. It has social networking characteristics and the ability to integrate not just coalition but nongovernmental organizations. It’s proven to be a very powerful tool that we are using within the department.
Another tool that’s being used is SkiWeb. It’s used on a classified site, allowing us to not just post and share information but it actually allows for blogging and the ability to provide clarification, updates and corrections in real time for situational awareness and decision-making.
It’s really about the applications and the Web-based services that you are able to provide to the edge that we are focused on. That gets back to that seamless environment we talked about, our objective is to integrate this into our data centers to leverage our global infrastructure, optimize the security constructs that we have, and, at the same time, allow our network operations to manage that environment to assure that it’s reliable and it’s being evaluated constantly in terms of its ability to provide services to the edge user.
DS: How has the recent transfer of DISA’s responsibilities from the Joint Task Force-Global Network Operations to Cyber Command altered your perspective on cyber threats? And what is your response to those who believe that separating those functions from DISA makes it harder to have a holistic approach to cyber defense?
Pollett: I think it’s important for people to understand that we deactivated an organization, not a capability. What we actually have done is taken the capability developed in the JTF-GNO and the people that were part of that organization, and we embedded and grew that into U.S. CYBERCOM. Based on this, I believe we have become more effective. We have integrated and synchronized the capability across the full spectrum of cyber operations.
One of our objectives was to ensure that we did not break the connective tissue between DISA and the new command. We have a defined doctrinal support role to CYBERCOM in relation to capabilities we bring to bear in this environment. It’s important to understand that DISA’s role has now transitioned into a support role to the command. Look at the DISA mission in terms of the fact that we design, engineer, acquire and provision the core elements of the DOD Global Information Grid. We do that now under the direction of CYBERCOM in direct support of their operational mission. So I feel good that we are gaining synergy in this effort.
DS: Much has been made of DISA’s relocation in January 2011 to Fort Meade and the worries about attrition and lost capabilities — including reports about CYBERCOM possibly occupying DISA’s new facilities or even combining with DISA. What are your thoughts about that?
Pollett: I will tell you that DISA is still on track with our BRAC move. We are moving roughly 4,000 people to our new facilities at Fort Meade, and that’s still the plan.
With respect to CYBERCOM, you probably need to appreciate that we have actually embedded two DISA elements inside of CYBERCOM. We have established a DISA Field Office, just as with our other COCOMs and sub-unified commands. The DFO maps the command’s requirements to our capabilities. Secondly, we have embedded a DISA support element within their Joint Operation Center to synchronize and coordinate our efforts as we receive orders and taskings to provision and support requirements.
The DISA Command Center inside of our new facility will be linked to our embedded engineers inside CYBERCOM so that we complement our efforts to support the infrastructure requirements globally.
DS: Can you cite examples of how you’ve been able to adjust your skills portfolio with the DISA team as a result of BRAC?
Pollett: We have lost some intellectual capital and experience within the agency over the last two years. We will miss some of that talent, but our hiring processes are outpacing our losses. Today DISA is right at 100 percent strength as we prepare to make this move to Fort Meade. In the last 18 months, we have moved from about 23 percent of the workforce being Maryland-based to 34 percent. My confidence is reinforced based on the number of seniors and people within the workforce at the midgrade levels that have agreed to move with DISA; even though you lose good people, there are always good people behind those. You give them an opportunity to move into positions of leadership, and they bring new, innovative ideas and initiatives. We are seeing that time after time as we plan to move 4,000-plus people and continue to operate and stay on mission today.
One of our key initiatives is our interns program. We now have 370 interns in our program at college and graduate level that will be a part of our workforce and are moving with us to Fort Meade. We have developed university partnerships, and we’ve had great success recruiting people out of graduate programs and undergraduate programs into our workforce.
We have been very aggressive in shaping our workforce: 900 job descriptions were rewritten to make sure we were not retaining legacy positions but looking at what we need with software and hardware technology skills for the future workforce. So I am very optimistic that our people are adapting to what we are facing with the BRAC, and I am confident we will stay on mission and continue to do well in the future.
DS: Defense Secretary Robert Gates’ plan to reduce and reallocate the defense budget has raised many concerns, including the elimination of the Office of the Assistant Secretary of Defense for Networks and Information Integration (NII) and the director of C4 from the Joint Staff. How are these decisions likely to impact DISA and your plans?
Pollett: Obviously, we support our secretary’s objective to gain efficiencies. That has been one of our primary focuses within DISA: How do we gain greater efficiencies? At this point, we feel positive about what we are seeing in terms of our share of the budget allocation to be able to support our mission. You never get everything you need, but we feel that we have a fair distribution of resources based on explaining the operational requirements for what we do to support to the warfighters; it’s not about money for DISA. It was very deliberate on our part to delay the release of our campaign plan to the end of February because one of the cornerstones is to align our resource model with our priorities and initiatives for producing capabilities. We are working very hard to reduce redundancy and verify the priorities to ensure each task that we establish is clearly focused on output and how we are going to do that both short-term and long-term to accomplish our mission.
DS: Can you comment on NII going away and which roles might come to DISA?
Pollett: DOD has created a task force to look at the mission roles and functions of NII and the Joint Staff. We are very much a part of that task force in helping to provide recommendations, but no decisions have been made in terms of where those mission roles and functions are actually going to reside.
DS: You’ve said the evolution of DISA has tended to reflect the commanders and needs at the time. David Kelley was a visionary for information assurance; Lt. Gen. Harry Raduege helped build the transport environment and GIG; and Lt. Gen. Charles Croom pushed DISA to take advantage of enterprise services. How would you want your impact on DISA to be characterized?
Pollett: The focus that I have brought to this team is operationalizing DISA. To me, it’s all about providing capabilities to support the warfighter. Probably the greatest emphasis that I have tried to bring to bear is how we ensure this enterprise infrastructure is transparent to the user at the edge in terms of providing capabilities. That’s really where we have put a lot of energy. I want people to respect the fact that DISA is responsive to the warfighters’ requirements and that we are going to ensure as an agency that we have set the conditions and we are prepared for the next engagement.
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Georgia Strait Alliance (GSA)
Georgia Strait Alliance was founded in 1990 by citizens concerned about increased pollution and damage to the marine habitat of the Strait of Georgia. Rapid population growth, development, and climate change threaten the natural environment and the wildlife that live in the Strait, an area that Parks Canada has called “the most at-risk natural environment in Canada.” As a custodian of the Strait and a positive agent for change, GSA has become a strong voice and leader on topics such as species at risk and marine habitat protection, sewage treatment, open net-cage salmon farming, fossil fuel transport, and water pollution. GSA envisions a future with clean air and water for all beings living in this breathtakingly beautiful region – knowing that a healthy and protected marine environment is good for the economy, communities, and wildlife.
Georgia Strait Alliance is dedicated to protecting and restoring the marine environment and promoting the sustainability of the Strait of Georgia (along the West coast of British Columbia), its adjoining waters, and communities. Our approach is to work collaboratively with communities and across sectors to find long term, evidence based solutions to our region's most pressing marine and environmental issues.
Our Public Engagement program includes our outreach and public education to increase understanding of the importance of the health of Georgia Strait and empower individuals to take an active part in conservation.
Clean Marine BC catalyzes awareness and action among recreational boaters and marina operators to reduce their impacts on the marine environment.
Our Biodiversity Program ensures that the region's most threatened marine species and their habitat are protected. This includes our continued leadership on the implementation of recovery and protection efforts impacting endangered Southern Resident orcas, with a specific focus on contaminant-related threats, monitoring and enforcement.
Our Energy efforts include work to improve oil spill prevention and response in the Strait and address the climate crisis.
Visit our website to learn more, and contact us to find out how you can help!
208-477 Wallace St.
Backyard Creative
BNQ Management
Renewal Funds
Hairstory - New Wash
Bluewater Adventures
West Coast Expeditions
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February 12, 2008 January 5, 2013 by Leo Suarez
Justice Center Expansion, $200+ Million and a Historic Raleigh Cost
Garland Jones Building, Justice Center, Lawyers Building
The needs of the county are growing and Wake must provide proper justice services to all of us. To do this, Wake is expanding the current Public Safety Center with this new $214 million project pictured above. Here is the site in Google maps:
The ugly parking deck, the Garland Jones building, and the Lawyers Building are all coming down for the expansion of the current site right next door. You may recognize these two buildings shown below.
The N&O has an article with more information. Here are some highlights:
Dubbed the Wake County Justice Center, the 11-story building will house criminal courtrooms as well as a number of county offices, including the Board of Commissioners’ meeting room, the county manager’s offices, the Register of Deeds and the Revenue Department. The current county courthouse will become the home for civil legal matters.
WHEN IT’LL BE DONE: Demolition is slated to begin by the end of this year, and the building is slated to be in use by 2013, according to a timeline of the project.
Wake County also has some information on their website, with more renderings of the building here.
I went out and got this picture yesterday. This is the current view from Nash square.
Before. Current justice center is tower in the back right
In 5 years, we’ll have this.
After. Replaces the deck and connects to current justice center
It is nothing too exciting. I guess this is one place I hope I never have to go inside? The building is a service to our county so if we do need this then I have no problem with expanded government services. The building is seeking a LEED certification, so I’m happy that there will be environmentally friendly elements to this new structure. The current parking deck being built on the site of The L will be used for employees commuting to work here. That means a rise in downtown workers and hopefully a rise in restaurants, shops, and living options in and near downtown for this increasing workforce.
Wake to proceed on Justice Center – Wake County – News & Observer | February 10, 2013
Pic of the Week | June 24, 2012
Downtown Raleigh Construction Projects To Watch In 2011 | January 6, 2014
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I think this proposal is most dissapointing from serveral perspectives. I hope people will come out in force at the public hearings to ask the county and architects to do better.
1. The loss of two buildings that are significant architectural features in downtown Raleigh is unacceptable. While I can appreciate the demolition of the parking structure in favor of an underground structure, the demolition of the Garland Jones County Building and the Lawyers building will be a tragic loss for a city that is consistently losing many of its historical and more interesting architectural features from years past to regrettably ordinary replacements. As a relatively young major city Raleigh has few early twentieth century mid-rise structures remaining. The Garland Jones building while not the typical ‘historical’ structure we usually think of, is a wonderful specimen of modern architecture that with some care could become again a beautiful gem in downtown. These older buildings are important reminders of past eras in the city and their loss will be devastating to the city fabric and its character.
2. The environment strategies are ghastly insufficient. Seeking merely LEED certification sets the bar pretty low and does not represent the example government should be setting for its citizens. Governments such as the City of Seattle, The State of Washington, and The City of Chicago, (among others) require all publicly funded building to meet LEED Silver at a minimum. While I admire the commitment to storm water management, low VOC materials and recycled materials, the proposal could do much better. As the issues of greenhouse gas emissions and global warming promise to be the defining issues of this era, the justice center falls woefully short in curbing its own contribution to greenhouse gas emissions. Even though day-lighting strategies and computer managed HVAC systems are a good start, but the building should attempt to reduce its consumption. It should by reducing its heating and cooling loads by better taking advantage of its solar orientation. It should also attempt to reduce its consumption possibly by utilizing renewable energy sources such as wind and solar power. Other less high tech methods are available. Were they even considered? Considering the use of recycled materials as a point for LEED certification while demolition two sizeable existing buildings is quite ironic. Where will the waste materials from this demolition go? Has this been considered? We need to shift our thinking in the building industry to how the structures we build, renovate and demolish will affect our environment and the generations who will inherit it. The American Institute of Architects has set a goal to reduce carbon emissions contributed by buildings and construction by 50% by 2010 with the overall goal to be carbon neutral by 2030. The architects of this building and the government officials managing the project should follw the AIA’s lead. We can no longer afford to consume with out considering the cost in the long run.
3. The architecture of the building is ordinary and forgettable at best. The post-modern tendency of the new building copies architectural motifs of the past and does not reflect the century in which it will be built. It does not appear to adequately consider its context or the environment conditions of the site. The existing courthouse, the Garland-Jones building, and the Lawyers Building clearly reflect the eras in which they were constructed and provide historical reference. The justice center should look like a 21st century building rather than a reproduction of a 20th century building with 21st century finials. As a significant municipal structure, the justice center has the opportunity to be and the duty to be a monumental and inspirational structure within the city fabric. The current design falls woefully short.
4. The current proposal looks as though it will maintain the unfriendly pedestrian environment that currently exists along Martin and McDowell Streets. I hope the structure will provide some retail space along these streets to provide pedestrian links to the adjacent blocks. Retail spaces could provide the occupants and patrons of the building with additional places to eat and shop while also enhancing the quality of the street environment, a quality that the City of Raleigh is strongly advocating and currently very much lacking. These retail spaces could also provide some income to the county. Currently I believe retail space downtown is difficult to fill due to a current softness of demand which is a result of a lack of pedestrian activity. I imagine this makes private developers reluctant to build new retail space. Being a government entity that will occupy the building presumably for the next 100 years or more, the county could afford to provide retail spaces without the need to turn an immediate profit, which could greatly contribute to developing a critical mass of retail space that could eventually result in higher demand, more retail and a very active and interesting urban environment.
I was born and raised in Raleigh and am very excited to see much of the new building that is happening downtown. The city is on the cusp of developing a downtown that will hopefully be exciting and lively. It will be tragic if this new Justice center becomes a step in the wrong direction and results in the elimination of older buildings and places that give the city its character and reflects its origins as a small southern town. I would like to see this proposal contribute more to the new lively street environment without being such a detriment to the old small town Raleigh. I would also like to see this building set an example of environmental stewardship that has been advocated by the American Institute of Architects’ goals for reducing carbon emissions by 50% by 2010 and carbon neutral by 2030. As a major economic engine and center for high tech industry in the region and nation, Wake County should exemplify in all aspects of its government, the forward thinking, technologically advanced culture that is representative of the county and reqion. Raise the bar, we can do better!
Nick December 7, 2008 at 10:48 pm
The Garland Jones and Lawyers Buildings will be missed. This will be the worst historical loss since the Security National Bank building was demolished.
The new justice building… very bland. Could’ve been fit on the block without losing the other two buildings.
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In Memoriam: William H. (Bill) Sandholm, leading evolutionary game theorist, cherished mentor and valued colleague
Professor William H. (Bill) Sandholm, the Richard E. Stockwell Distinguished Chair in Economics and a longtime member of the department, died July 6.
A graduate of Dartmouth College and Northwestern’s Kellogg School of Management, Bill joined the UW-Madison Economics Department in 1998 and remained here throughout his distinguished career. Bill was known throughout the profession for the brilliance of his research as well as for his kindness, approachability, and support for younger scholars. He was a passionate teacher to undergraduates and graduate students; a beloved colleague and collaborator; a valued mentor to younger faculty; and a dedicated advisor to several cohorts of game theorists. After years of struggling with depression, Bill ended his life earlier this week.
Bill was a world-renowned scholar of evolutionary game theory, an approach to studying the behavior of large populations of agents. The methods he introduced help to make predictions without strong assumptions about agents’ rationality and knowledge of the environment in which they interact, and his contributions have been applied in economics, biology, computer science, transportation science, engineering, and control theory. In 2010, Bill published the book Population Games and Evolutionary Dynamics with MIT Press, which synthesized the interdisciplinary research on evolutionary game theory and applications (beginning with its roots in biology) and has become the bible of the field. Along with many influential papers, Bill also co-wrote a statistics textbook, Vital Statistics (2018, Oxford U Press), and posted lecture notes and software on his website as public goods.
Colleagues knew Bill as “a genuine scientist; detail-oriented, open-minded, and uncompromising in the pursuit of truth,” “a humble scholar with an enormous love for research,” “an exceptional human being, generous with his time,” “kind and supportive to all, and a cherished mentor.”
“Having known Bill throughout my entire time at Wisconsin, this is a deep personal loss for me, as I know it is for many others,” said Ananth Seshadri, Chair of the Department of Economics. “Bill was an exceptional economist and one of the best-known evolutionary game theorists. He was a great teacher, an incredibly dedicated advisor to his students, and truly one of the kindest people in the profession. This is an extremely sad loss for all of us.”
Bill took especially seriously his role as an advisor, following and supporting his students closely even after they left the program. One former advisee, now a tenured professor, recalled how welcoming and encouraging Bill was when they first met and lauded Bill’s influence on his research. “He was a true mentor for my entire career. Without him, I could not be who I am now.” Another recalled how generous Bill was with his time, and observed, “While in Madison, I took his advising style as standard. Over time, I’ve learned that it is not.”
Provost John Karl Scholz, Bill’s former colleague in the Economics Department, said, “Bill was a great economist and a wonderful colleague. He was kind, calm, wicked smart, and always gentle. The economics department at UW-Madison has lost a treasured colleague. For all those who knew Bill, he generated light. With his passing, our world is a little darker.”
Bill was an associate editor or advisory editor at eight journals and a member of the Council of the Game Theory Society. His work was frequently supported by National Science Foundation and other grants, and he received numerous awards and honors recognizing the impact of his contributions to game theory and evolutionary game theory.
To those who worked with him, Bill was a treasured colleague and friend. Said one colleague, “I can’t think of Bill without picturing his wry smile, like you were in on a joke together.” Said another, “I will remember him as full of life: a squash player, a traveler, a skier, and a passionate reader, always ready to tell a joke or an anecdote.” Another said simply, “We will miss him greatly.”
Bill is survived by his wife, Leah, and daughter, Lily. In lieu of flowers, donations can be made to support the UW-Madison Arboretum, a place Bill loved, via the Friends of the Arboretum Fund: https://secure.supportuw.org/give/?id=731eddd6-ae01-4dfa-8bda-88a49ec43755
Assistance with mental health is available – for students, please call (608) 265-5600 option 9 or visit https://www.uhs.wisc.edu/mental-health/. For faculty and staff, please call (608) 263-2987 or visit https://hr.wisc.edu/employee-assistance-office/.
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Remembering Wade Fetzer, alumnus, champion and friend of the Economics Department
Virtual Open House: Explore and Apply to Graduate School at UW-Madison
Career Chats for Undergraduate Students
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The Highwayman (TV series)
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Glen A. Larson and
Douglas Heyes
Jane Badler
Tim Russ
Narrated by
William Conrad (uncredited)
Rocky Davis
Dave Fisher
Stu Phillips (pilot only)
Pilot + 9 episodes
Glen A. Larson
Mark McClafferty
Scott Levitta
Twentieth Century Fox Television (pilot)
New West Entertainment (series)
September 20, 1987 (1987-09-20) –
May 6, 1988 (1988-05-06)
The Highwayman is an American action-adventure themed television series starring Sam J. Jones, set in "the near future." It was created by Glen A. Larson and Douglas Heyes. The pilot aired in September 1987, and was followed by a short-lived series of nine episodes, with significant changes to the cast and format, that ran from March until May 1988. It was summed up by many reviewers as a cross between Mad Max and Knight Rider.
Opening narration by William Conrad (all episodes after the pilot):
There is a world, just beyond now, where reality runs a razor thin seam between fact and possibility; where the laws of the present collide with the crimes of tomorrow. Patrolling these vast outlands is a new breed of lawman, guarding the fringes of society’s frontiers, they are known simply as ‘Highwaymen’... and this is their story...
5 Weaponry
Synopsis[edit]
The movie and subsequent series follow the adventures of "The Highwayman", one of a mysterious group, presumably[original research?] of U.S. Marshals, conducting crime-fighting missions and solving bizarre mysteries. Each Highwayman in this group is equipped with a high-tech, multi-function truck.
The pilot movie used a different opening narration, also voiced by William Conrad:
They say he came into this world from someplace off the clock.
And his mother was an ice-cold wind; his pa a fiery rock.
It's told that on some starless nights his rig could up and glow,
And folks who say they saw it coming swear they didn't see it go.
Now you hear a lot of legends told when you ride the long hard slab,
From some who say the man is good and some who say he's bad.
But all agreed who've ever tried to play a cheatin' hand;
You only get one chance to draw against "The Highwayman."
Most crimes in our society begin or end on some stretch of road, where laws often terminate at county lines. Combatting these legal blackouts is a new breed of lawman; working the fringes of society's frontiers, and known simply as Highwaymen. This is the story—and the legend—of one such man: The Highwayman.
The 1987 pilot movie starred Sam J. Jones. The lead character is more mysterious than any of the other Highwaymen in that his real name is never revealed (he is only known as "The Highwayman" or "Highway"). He drives a large, black, computerized truck with a bullet-shaped cabin, which is the nose of a concealed helicopter (an Aérospatiale Gazelle) which can detach from the rest of the truck. The truck can also operate in "stealth mode" to become invisible. A concealed futuristic sports car (a Lotus Esprit) can emerge from the truck's rear. Some elements of the futuristic dashboard design were re-used from Knight Rider.
Claudia Christian co-starred as the Highwayman's liaison, Dawn, and Stanford Egi as technical wizard Mr. Toto. The pilot was retitled Terror on the Blacktop when shown as a stand-alone TV movie.
After the 1987 pilot film, only Jones returned for the weekly series. The retooling of the premise eliminated the truck's stealth mode, which was never mentioned again. The Highwayman was joined by a new sidekick, Australian outback survival expert Jetto, played by Mark "Jacko" Jackson; Jane Badler as the Highwayman's boss, Ms. Tania Winthrop, and Tim Russ as D.C. Montana, who was responsible for the maintenance and modifications to the vehicles. The show was also filmed entirely on location in the American Southwest. Unusually, the show even switched production companies (the pilot was the last co-production between Glen Larson Productions and Twentieth Century Fox Television, the series was independently produced by Larson's New West Entertainment). (The name "D.C. Montana" is a pun on the name of D.C. Fontana, famed TV script writer who worked on many shows including Star Trek.)
After Jetto's truck, which was identical to the Highwayman's, was destroyed in the first episode, "Road Ranger", he is given his own, unique truck, the front half of which can separate into a futuristic car. The truck was later used in the first episode of Power Rangers Time Force.
Although the organization shares elements with that of F.L.A.G. (the Foundation for Law and Government) from Knight Rider, it shares more with the mysterious "Firm" from the original three seasons of Airwolf.[original research?] The exact organization that the Highwayman and Jetto work for is never revealed in any great depth. Highwaymen seem to have extra-legal powers that occasionally cause conflict with the local police.
With much of the series featuring the Highwayman (and/or Jetto) driving their trucks along vast stretches of desert road, there are heavy modern-Western[clarification needed] overtones to many episodes. With the hybrid vehicles and weaponry, and the ordinary police unable to deal with many fragments of society, and the overall tone of the series,[clarification needed] many of the episodes have a vaguely post-apocalyptic feel to them.
Despite its short run, the series was broadcast in various other countries including Germany, France, Indonesia, Italy, Mexico, The Philippines, South Africa, Brazil (SBT), the Netherlands, Pakistan (NTM), Peru, Sri Lanka and the United Kingdom.
The original Highwayman truck (the one with the Gazelle helicopter cab) was designed and built by Jon Ward. It was restored and currently owned by a mobile tattoo service called 'Highwayman Ink' in Sulphur Springs, Texas.
Sam J. Jones as The Highwayman (a.k.a. "Highway")
Claudia Christian as Dawn (pilot only)
Stanford Egi as Mister Toto (pilot only)
Mark "Jacko" Jackson as "Jetto" (credited on-screen as simply "Jacko")
Jane Badler as Ms. Tania Winthrop
Tim Russ as D.C. Montana
William Conrad as the Narrator (uncredited)
Episodes[edit]
This section may contain an excessive amount of intricate detail that may interest only a particular audience. Please help by spinning off or relocating any relevant information, and removing excessive detail that may be against Wikipedia's inclusion policy. (December 2011) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)
Note, one episode was shown out of its intended order. It is listed here in the intended order with explanatory notes.
Production number order, reflecting the order that the episodes began filming, does not match either the actual nor the intended airing order.
Ep.#
Original airdate
"The Highwayman"
a.k.a. Terror on the Blacktop" Douglas Heyes Glen A. Larson and Douglas Heyes September 20, 1987 (1987-09-20) 5L79
The mysterious Highwayman becomes involved when a biker gang called ‘The Bullets’ rob a small-town bank, with their leader, Bo Ziker, ending up in jail. But it emerges that The Bullets were set up to take the fall for a huge fraud instigated by a local bigwig and the town sheriff...
This Pilot film was later re-titled "Terror on the Blacktop" and shown as a stand-alone movie. A two-part syndicated version also exists.
Special Guest Star: Jimmy Smits (Bo Ziker). Guest Stars: Wings Hauser (Sheriff Wyatt), Jennifer Runyon (Amanda Merrick), Lyle Alzado (Iron Butt), Rowdy Roddy Piper (Preacher), Ken Morrison (Travis Ziker), Theresa Saldana (Angela Brown), Bill McKinney, Jon Menick and G. Gordon Liddy (Ed Merrick). Co-starring: John Quade (Bartender), Paul Drake (Deputy Bricker), Tommy Lamey (Deputy Dogget), Branscombe Richmond (Geronimo), Michael Berryman (Chromedome), Mickey Jones (Pepper Hansen), Michael Carr (Deputy Turley), Keith Barbour (Entertainer #1), Micael McGinnis (Entertainer #2), Mindi Iden (Hot Tub Girl #1), Joanne Wolf (Hot Tub Girl #2), Carmen Kotta (Woman Controller), Ed Hooks (Guard), James Griffith (Old Duffer #1), Patrick Cranshaw (Old Duffer #2), Marion Wright (Woman), Maura Soden (Reporter), Jack Ging (head of Stealth, uncredited).
"Road Lord" Dan Haller Glen A. Larson & Mark Jones March 4, 1988 (1988-03-04) 8803
When Steve, a fellow Highwayman, is murdered, his friend Highway investigates, and uncovers some sinister goings on at a local, secretive production complex. But Highway is shocked to find Steve there seemingly alive; and now, something is very different about him...
The title of this episode is not shown on screen, the only episode of the series not to do so. Some sources give "Road Ranger" as the title, as it is Steve's nickname, but "Road Lord" is the title given in the copyright filing.[1]
Guest Starring: Clarence Williams III (Jessie), Anne Lockhart (Battlestar: Galactica) (Shelly North), Clyde Kusatsu, George McDaniel, George Mudock (Doc North), Darby Hinton, Jesse Dizon. Special Guest Star: Kent McCord (Battlestar: Galactica 1980) (Steve North, aka "Road Ranger").
"The Hitchhiker" Larry Shaw Glen A. Larson March 11, 1988 (1988-03-11) 8802
The Highwayman is assigned to transport a supposedly dead alien body from a U.F.O. crash site to a research lab. But a reporter is determined to find out what is going on - and the alien is far from dead...
Special Guest Star: Christina Raines-Crowe (Pepper McKenzie). Guest Starring: Joe Regalbuto (Street Hawk) (Major Fury), James Staley, Robert DoQui, Wendy Malick, and Arlen Dean Snyder (General Nordhoff).
"'Til Death Duel Us Part" Larry Shaw Jonathan Day and Steven L. Sears & Burt Pearl March 18, 1988 (1988-03-18) 8805
Highway breaks Cody Teague, his friend and mentor from Vietnam, out of prison for stealing an armored car, of which Highway is certain he is innocent. Now both of them are fugitives, and a number of parties - including Jetto - are after them as they search for the evidence to prove Cody's innocence...
Special Guest Star: Chad Everett (Ron Bonham). Guest Starring: Joseph Bottoms (Cody Teague).
"Haunted Highway" Don Weis Story by : William Rabkin & Lee Goldberg
Teleplay by : William Rabkin & Lee Goldberg and Burt Pearl & Steven L. Sears. May 6, 1988 (1988-05-06) 8804
When an American Indian is accused of murder, Highway and Jetto investigate and stumble onto a long-forgotten gold mine, and an ancient curse "of fire and ice", which will kill anybody who tries to mine there...
This episode was originally scheduled for March 25, 1988 but was postponed, and was eventually aired after all the other episodes (although it is referred to in "Frightmare", confirming that it takes place earlier.)
Guest Starring: Marla Heasley (The A-Team) (Liz Redstone), Paul Koslo, Rodger Gibson (Jake Redstone), Michael Horse (Sheriff Jerry New Eagle), Dehl Berti, Gary Grubbs (Harrison), Tim Rossovich, Andy Romano, Jean-Pierre Dorleac, And as Snyder, Steven Keats.
"Summer of 45"
a.k.a. "1945"" Rob Bowman Story by : Glen A. Larson & Mark Jones
Teleplay by : Mark Jones and Steven L. Sears & Burt Pearl. April 1, 1988 (1988-04-01) 8806
Highway and Jetto travel back in time to 1945, to rescue Ms. Winthrop, who has not returned after pursuing a twisted genius who is intent on ending the atomic age before it has even begun...
Tim Russ (D.C. Montana) does not appear in this episode. This is the only episode not to feature Highway's truck; Jetto's truck is used throughout.
Special Guest Star: Lloyd Bochner. Guest Starring: Bill Hudson (Donald Travers), Greg Mullavey (Edward Travers), Liz Keifer (Leslie), Patrick St. Esprit, Les Brown Jr..
"Send in the Clones" Allan Holzman Glen A. Larson and David Garber & Bruce E. Kalish April 8, 1988 (1988-04-08) 8811
Highway befriends a strange but friendly man called Mac, who is promptly snatched away by the Army. Investigating just what is going on, Highway and Jetto discover that Mac is a clone, programmed with a deadly assignment...
This episode doubled as a pilot for a proposed spin-off series, "McClone", which was never produced.
Guest Starring: J.D. Cannon (Chief Clifton), Terry Carter (Lt. Broadside), Pamela Susan Shoop (Dr. Chadway), Gary Lockwood (Colonel Westcourt), Greta Blackburn (prostitute), Michael Pataki (Detective), and Howie Long (Mac).
"Billionaire Body Club" Ivan Nagy Glen A. Larson April 15, 1988 (1988-04-15) 8801
When a dead body drained of blood and missing organs is uncovered, Highway and Jetto are sent in to investigate, and are soon on the trail of a blood-thirsty doctor trading in spare body parts for the rich and the powerful...
Special Appearance: Christopher McDonald (Joshua Towler). Guest Starring: Cindy Morgan (Mary "Mink" Mincowitz), Kim Ulrich (Melissa Mincowitz), Ken Swofford (Mayor), Mark Lonow, Ed Hooks and Nicholas Guest (Mason). Co-Starring: Blackie Dammett (Jazz), Kim Milford (Cotton).
"Warzone" Rob Bowman Tom Blomquist April 29, 1988 (1988-04-29) 8807
After an accident, Jetto's mind reverts to five years previously, when he was double-crossed by comrades in battle, who turned out to be dealing in illegal drugs and weapons, and tried to murder him. In a dazed and confused state, he hunts down the two men, who are now in high positions, as Highway and Montana try to stop him before the Army takes him out, but uncovers a vein of corruption...
Special Guest Star: Roger Davis (Chief Jim Townsend). Guest Starring: Ted Lange (Mayor John Fletcher), Terry Kiser (Colonel Halsted), Lara Parker (Dr. Terwishe), Mark Thomas Miller. Special Appearance: Wayne Newton (Bartlett).
"Frightmare" Rob Bowman Story by : Burt Pearl
Teleplay by : Glen A. Larson and David Garber & Bruce E. Kalish. April 22, 1988 (1988-04-22) 8812
Mafia crime-lord Manetti's men use a high-tech machine that can read agents' minds, to try to find the one man that is set to testify against him. When their first victim dies, Manetti's men capture Ms. Winthrop, and Highway and Jetto are in a race against time to save her before Manetti discovers the witness' true location...
This episode, the last to be filmed, was originally designed to be the last broadcast episode, and in some ways bookends the series, making references to and via the memory machine, re-working scenes from "Road Ranger", "Billionaire Body Club", "'Till Death Duel Us Part" and "Haunted Highway" (which had not yet aired). However, "Haunted Highway" had been postponed on March 25, 1988, and ended up being broadcast as the final episode.
Special Guest Star: Vince Edwards (Manetti). Guest Starring: Stanley Kamel (Cisco), Jack Ging (Riptide, The A-Team) (Admiral Conti), Alex Courtney (Dr. Sebring), Otto Felix, Janet Curtis, Judd Omen (Bronson), Zitto Kaxann.
Date[edit]
The series is at first vague on the exact year that it takes place. Other than Highway and Jetto's trucks, Highway's occasionally seen sports car (a silver Lotus Esprit) and Ms. Badler's car (a red Mark II Toyota MR2), the other vehicles are generally that of the era in which the series was filmed. Many of these vehicles, such as the Ford Motor Co.'s Aerostar minivan, were marketed at the time as having sleek, futuristic designs. It is generally indicated that the series takes place a couple of years after that in which it was made. A coin in the episode "Summer of 45" is said to be dated 1992. It is not until "Warzone" that the date is given on-screen as 1992 (October for that episode).
Weaponry[edit]
The firearms carried by the Highwayman and Jetto are larger and more imposing than traditional police sidearms. That carried by the Highwayman appears to be similar to a stockless 12-gauge semi-automatic shotgun with a sawn-off barrel, as used by SWAT teams and some military agencies. In the pilot movie, two sheriff's deputies debate the properties of the Highwayman's sidearm, its power finally demonstrated when a shot accidentally destroys part of the county police station in which the Highwayman is being held. In the episode 'Til Death Duel Us Part', it is revealed that this weapon has selectable 'modes' and is capable of firing both 9mm Parabellum and 20mm high-explosive ammunition. The sidearm carried by Jetto is a stockless, full-length Heckler & Koch MP5 submachine gun.
^ Library of Congress Copyright Records - Search for "PA0000374897" or "Road Lord" Archived March 28, 2007, at the Wayback Machine
The Highwayman on IMDb (pilot)
The Highwayman on IMDb (series)
The Highwayman at TV.com
Opening credits (video)
The Highwayman truck now
The Steinwinter truck – basis for Jetto’s truck (in Russian)
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The_Highwayman_(TV_series)&oldid=989627422"
1980s American science fiction television series
NBC original programming
Fictional helicopters
Television series by 20th Century Fox Television
Television series created by Glen A. Larson
Fiction about invisibility
American action adventure television series
Television shows set in New York City
Wikipedia articles with style issues from December 2011
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Articles needing additional references from December 2011
Articles that may contain original research from December 2011
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Use mdy dates from March 2014
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Episode list using the default LineColor
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Strengthen Women’s Capacity to Participate in and Benefit From Energy Markets
== Margaret Kariuki ==
== Margaret Kariuki: a new briquette entrepreneur ==
A single mother of three, Margaret Kariuki used to sell milk to earn a living in Lanet
“I started with a capital of 200 shillings (approximately USD 2.00)and I was able to produce 90 kilograms of briquettes”, Ms. Kariuki told us. “Even so, I did not reach positive cash flow until Practical Action sent mentors who provided technical and business skills training. They advised me on good marketing approaches, and how to ensure a minimum quality standard for my briquettes.”
“I started with a capital of 200 shillings (approximately USD 2.00) and I was able to produce 90 kilograms of briquettes”, Ms. Kariuki told us. “Even so, I did not reach positive cash flow until Practical Action sent mentors who provided technical and business skills training. They advised me on good marketing approaches, and how to ensure a minimum quality standard for my briquettes.”
Ms. Kariuki is one of the many WEE-K project success stories. Before it is completed, the [http://energia.org/what-we-do/womens-economic-empowerment/practical-action/ project] [link to: [http://energia.org/what-we-do/womens-economic-empowerment/practical-action/ http://energia.org/what-we-do/womens-economic-empowerment/practical-action/]] aims to reach 730 small-scale women energy entrepreneurs (MSEs), who will in turn reach 364,200 beneficiaries, including women, men, children, and institutions in need. The entrepreneurs will provide their communities with cleaner energy technologies and options, and contribute to environmental preservation in the project areas. In addition, as their businesses grow, an additional 450 men and women will be employed by the women entrepreneurs in rural and peri-urban areas across seven counties in the country. So far, 603 women have been recruited under the WEE-K project and are receiving technology and business mentorship. Each entrepreneur is linked to a technology mentor and a business mentor to heighten the potential of success.
== Reaching over 350,000 with clean energy technologies ==
Ms. Kariuki is one of the many WEE-K project success stories. Before it is completed, the [http://energia.org/what-we-do/womens-economic-empowerment/practical-action/ project] aims to reach 730 small-scale women energy entrepreneurs (MSEs), who will in turn reach 364,200 beneficiaries, including women, men, children, and institutions in need. The entrepreneurs will provide their communities with cleaner energy technologies and options, and contribute to environmental preservation in the project areas. In addition, as their businesses grow, an additional 450 men and women will be employed by the women entrepreneurs in rural and peri-urban areas across seven counties in the country. So far, 603 women have been recruited under the WEE-K project and are receiving technology and business mentorship. Each entrepreneur is linked to a technology mentor and a business mentor to heighten the potential of success.
[[Category:Briquettes]]
[[Category:East_Africa]]
Within ENERGIA’s Women’s Economic Empowerment Programme, Practical Action Eastern Africa and Sustainable Community Development Services (SCODE) are implementing the Women in Energy Enterprises in Kenya (WEE-K) project to build and expand businesses in three renewable energy markets: improved cookstoves, solar products, and biomass briquettes.
The overall objective is to strengthen women’s capacity to effectively participate in and benefit from energy markets. The project uses an enterprise development model to empower women economically and provides tailor-made support to women entrepreneurs in market assessment. It also seeks to expand and strengthen entrepreneurial associations for business owners to provide additional support.
Margaret Kariuki: a new briquette entrepreneur
Umoja in Nakuru county of Kenya. Now she runs a successful briquette business, thanks to training and mentorship from Practical Action. When Ms. Kariuki started her business, she did so without a business plan. She understood basic concepts about bookkeeping, though product promotion and marketing were entirely new to her.
One of her greatest challenges was convincing people to use briquettes; many people in Lanet were used to charcoal, and were not willing to try out the new product. Ms. Kariuki applied some of the strategies she learned during her training, and began providing target customers with free samples.
“After about one month, I began receiving positive feedback from customers, and my sales doubled!” Ms. Kariuki said. “The training I received from Practical Action, and specifically the guidance I received from mentors, was really helpful in growing my business. Their support has made a big difference in my financial life.”
Reaching over 350,000 with clean energy technologies
Ms. Kariuki is one of the many WEE-K project success stories. Before it is completed, the project aims to reach 730 small-scale women energy entrepreneurs (MSEs), who will in turn reach 364,200 beneficiaries, including women, men, children, and institutions in need. The entrepreneurs will provide their communities with cleaner energy technologies and options, and contribute to environmental preservation in the project areas. In addition, as their businesses grow, an additional 450 men and women will be employed by the women entrepreneurs in rural and peri-urban areas across seven counties in the country. So far, 603 women have been recruited under the WEE-K project and are receiving technology and business mentorship. Each entrepreneur is linked to a technology mentor and a business mentor to heighten the potential of success.
In addition, Practical Action and SCODE also lobby for adoption of women’s economic empowerment approaches to deliver new targets for universal modern energy access nationally, regionally and internationally. Specifically, they work with the Ministry of Energy & Petroleum in Kenya to ensure gender and decentralized energy systems remain central to Kenya’s SE4All Action Plans. They are working with ENERGIA-Kenya CSO partners, the government, donors, private sector and the media to mainstream gender in regional and national energy plans and investments. Finally, through their national gender and energy outreach campaign, they aim to reach 2 million people. Through all of this, they hope to ensure that energy advocates include gender-aware approaches to their energy access projects.
Retrieved from "https://energypedia.info/index.php?title=Strengthen_Women%E2%80%99s_Capacity_to_Participate_in_and_Benefit_From_Energy_Markets&oldid=178490"
Briquettes
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Cybersquatter transfigures Clinton’s possible VP candidates as Harry Potter characters
EP4PRO, July 15th, 2016, in ep4records
(CNN) Hillary Clinton is considering three choices for VP: Timotonous Kaine, Coriander Booker and Joe Biding.
At least that’s how a cybersquatter — and Harry Potter fan fiction scribe — sees her choices. The websites ClintonKaine.com, ClintonBooker.com and ClintonBiden.com are all currently being used to write politics-inspired Harry Potter fan fiction, telling the story of why Clinton should or shouldn’t pick Virginia Sen. Tim Kaine, New Jersey Sen. Cory Booker or Vice President Joe Biden as her running mate.
“That left Hillary with one obvious, safe choice: Timotonous Kaine from Hufflepuff,” writes Jeremy Pegg, the owner and designer of the sites. “Yes, he was dull, and not particularly pleasing to the eye. But everybody seemed to agree that — aside from Helga Hufflepuff herself — there had never been a Hufflepuff as ‘Hufflepuff’ as Timotonous Kaine.”
The story goes on, “He was loyal and honest to a fault, and had been a major supporter of Hillary’s since the beginning of what had turned out to be a particularly tough year for her.”
Kaine is seen by many inside Clinton’s campaign as the front-runner for Clinton’s vice presidential job given his executive experience, deep relationship with donors and ability to speak Spanish.
Pegg, according to his blog, is a 27-year-old lawyer who lives in Washington, D.C., and is a “general bottom feeder who makes websites, humor, music, and cartoons.” He also calls himself a “domain squatter,” someone who buys websites that will likely be valuable at a later date and uses them for other purposes.
Pegg said he did the Harry Potter inspired drawings over the course of a few days after work and that each story took about a half and hour to write.
“I did it partially just as a fun project and partially to promote my modest non-sequitur gag webcomic, Feldman the Cat,” Pegg said. “I like having fun with my political domains whether I end up selling them or not.”
Pegg said would like to sell the sites. “Even $5,000-10,000 would completely change the course of my life right now,” he said.
For Booker, Pegg writes, “Nobody on Hillary’s shortlist had more pizazz than Coriander Booker. His charm was so plentiful that many suspected he didn’t even need a wand to work magic. He also had a common person’s touch that endeared him to many. Once he even rescued a cat (which later turned out to be an unregistered animagus) from a burning cottage. On top of these qualities, he was moderate, uncontroversial, and would help to increase turnout in the Black, vegan, and teetotaller wizarding communities.”
“The only problem,” Pegg adds, “was that Booker was from New Jersey.”
Booker is on Clinton’s short list, as well, in part because he excites young voters and the coalition that helped get President Obama elected twice.
Biden has said he doesn’t want the vice presidential job and it doesn’t appear the Democratic elder statesman is being vetted.
“Joe Biding was about to about to graduate with flying colors. In his time at Hogwarts, Joe had established such a strong presence that it was hard to imagine the school without him,” Pegg writes. “Could Hillary really do the unthinkable and ask Joe to become what the students called a ‘super seventh-year’ — somebody who had stuck around at Hogwarts for longer than the standard seven years?”
Read more: http://www.cnn.com/2016/07/14/politics/hillary-clinton-harry-potter/index.html
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Meet The Art Collective Of Sad Asian Girls Destroying Asian-American Stereotypes
EP4PRO, April 19th, 2016, in ep4records
When you think of an Asian woman, what comes to mind? A tiger mom? An anime fantasy? A manicurist talking about you in another language? For Asian women, these stereotypes are frustrating, disheartening and downright depressing.
Instead of letting those feelings fester and rot internally, Rhode Island School of Design students Olivia Park and Esther Fan decided to do something constructive. Late last year, they started Sad Asian Girls Club, a collective of Asian-American girls aiming to break the culture of passiveness and silence through discussions of racism and feminism, providing more representation for Asian girls of all types and backgrounds around the world.
Sad Asian Girls Club
While technically the collective consists of just Fan and Park, Sad Asian Girls Club has evolved into a community in the most modern sense of the word — a stark red, black and white-tinted place they’ve carved out online on Tumblr, Instagram and YouTube. The Internet is where you can find vitriol and hate in abundance, but it’s also where you can find empathy and solidarity from people who’ve had the same experiences as you.
So who is the “Sad Asian Girl”? According to Fan, “She’s any Asian individual identifying as female who is struggling to fit into some kind of mold perpetrated by both Western society and Asian society. There are different expectations from both sides that we constantly have to choose between or just be isolated by both.”
Their first project, a video titled “Have You Eaten,” is directed at Asian-American women who have immigrant parents. In it, Park and Fan sit at a table while an off-screen voice, presumably their mothers’, criticizes everything from their weight to their piercings to their sexuality as the girls eat their food in silence. While they don’t say anything themselves in the video, the artists are speaking volumes by presenting this tragic domestic scene for us to see.
In the collective’s second piece of work, they asked Asian women to finish this sentence: “All asian women are not ____.” They received hundreds of submissions, but decided to present 100 statements that seemed to consistently come up. The statements succinctly touch upon the fetishization of Asian women, the model minority myth, the token sidekick and myriad other stereotypes that Asians face.
“That project is more directed toward a non-Asian audience, so people can be aware that these microagressions exist, and compiling them in a public space helps people realize how hurtful they can be when you see them from our perspective,” said Park.
While their own parents don’t fully understand nor approve of their work, Park and Fan said that they have been surprised at the positive response they’ve received. “We always underestimate how much we’re reaching people,” said Fan. “But we have received some criticism that we didn’t include South Asian women in our first two projects, which we took to heart and are really considering in our work.”
As articulate and savvy as the two artists are, it’s easy to forget that they are still just juniors in college. Expecting SAGC to represent the full Asian-American, female experience in the club’s short existence, well, that’s a heavy burden for them. Yet, Fan and Park’s sincerity and earnestness in attempting to represent as many perspectives and stories hews admirable, even inspiring.
“With any publicized work comes great experience and great responsibility. Because of that, our work will only become stronger through criticism,” said Park.
SAGC has also had people question the choice of “sad” in their name, but the word is an important and intentional one. “Being sad is a taboo, as if it should be something you hide and deal with yourself, but we should be able to present ourselves in a very obvious way in order to strike any meaningful conversation. So we embrace being the sad, oppressed group in order to empower people and make them pay attention,” said Park.
“The point is we’re talking about it and not just wallowing in our sorrow,” added Fan.
The misconception about feminism that its just about women becomes a problem, because people of different racial backgrounds have different experiences. Its important to recognize that to move forward as a feminist movement or as an individual.
While feminism has been having “a moment” in pop culture for the past few years, Asian-American women have consistently been left out of that conversation. For that reason, SAGC feels like a fresh and direly needed perspective.
“We focus on the intersectionality of race and gender,” said Park. “These issues are not separate, and they should be discussed together. The misconception about feminism that it’s just about women becomes a problem, because people of different racial backgrounds have different experiences. It’s important to recognize that to move forward as a feminist movement or as an individual.”
The SAGC collective stems from feelings of being excluded from a club — the “club” of whiteness, or the “club” of ideal Asian femininity, or both — but this is one club that welcomes, invites and is fully composed of those outsiders. Next, SAGC will be publishing a submission-based artist book with work from “Sad Asian Girl” artists and writers from across the world.
“We’re just trying to encourage other Asian girls to speak out more because every time we make a project, we want to speak to our common issues and experiences,” said Fan.
Park added, “The only way society will progress is if these conversations are continued and encouraged to be continued, and as artists, it’s our responsibility to tackle those issues with all the resources we have.”
Read more: http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2016/04/14/meet-the-art-collective-of-sad-asian-girls-destroying-asian-american-stereotypes_n_9700834.html
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3. Read Recent News Business News
Russia and Africa need to look for ways to engage
21 Comments on Russia and Africa need to look for ways to engage
posted by www.equatorialguineaonline.com – April 23rd, 2012
Russian President Dmitry Medvedev, right, and his visiting South African counterpart Jacob Zuma, left, meeting in the Moscow Kremlin, Thursday, Aug. 5, 2010. Source: AP
Minimal efforts to promote import-export opportunities and inadequate knowledge of current market changes are key factors affecting economic cooperation between Russia and African countries, but experts have repeatedly suggested that this trend can be reversed if both African governments and Russian authorities combine serious dialogue with a concrete business agenda.
“There is no Africa-Russia Dialogue or mechanism for dialoguing with Russia,” said Themba Mhlongo, head of programs at the Southern Africa Trust. Mhlongo also suggested that Russia isn’t really interested in Africa “Russia has not been as aggressive as China in pursuing opportunities in Africa because Russia has natural resources and markets in Eastern Europe, [and] Southwest Asia.”
Related: Russia, slow to engage Africa, is losing out to China
But despite Russia’s lack of interest compared to China, Mhlongo suggested that Africa needs to engage all BRICS members equally with the goal of building alliances and opening trade, finance and investment opportunities. Mhlongo suspects that many African countries are still holding on to old ideas about Russia being less technologically developed and unsophisticated compared to Western Europe.
“If you look at African trade flows to Europe they reflect colonial ties most of the time. However, modern Russia is now one of the important emerging market countries and a member of BRICS. Although Russia exports to Africa, it rarely sets up businesses.”
Mholongo suggested one way Africa and Russia can begin a dialogue on trade is to initiate an Africa-Russia summit to explore economic opportunities. A similar meeting has actually already occurred. Last December, the first Russia-Africa business forum took place in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia under the chairmanship of Ethiopian President Meles Zenawi. The forum that aimed to review the business relations between Africa and Russia and identify potential spheres for strengthening bilateral economic cooperation.
The forum was initiated by the governments of Russia and Ethiopia, and the non-profit New African Initiative (NAI). The main organizers were Gazprombank, the Russian Chamber of Commerce and Industry, and the coordinating committee for economic cooperation with sub-Saharan African countries.
According to the Russian Foreign Ministry, the African delegation to the forum included Teodoro Obiang, president of Equatorial Guinea; chairman of the African Union Nguema Mbasogo; and chairman of the Commission of the African Union, Jean Ping, as well as many African ambassadors. On the Russian side was Special Presidential Representative for Cooperation with African countries Mikhail Margelov and a number of other high-level officials along with representatives of 30 major Russian companies.
Despite what some African leaders might believer, Margelov said that Russian companies are highly interested in the development of natural resources deposits in Africa. Russian companies want to develop deposits of rare metals, including cobalt and chromium ores, and uranium fields. The companies are also interested in diamond and platinum metals production in African states.
“Africa is a prospective region for Russian mining companies and Russia can offer technological products in the military, geological exploration and energy spheres. There are also prospects for sales of our metallurgical and machine-building products in Africa,” Margelov said at the forum.
“Russia’s participation in oil and gas production is important as well since Africa will provide up to one quarter of the world’s oil output soon,” he said, adding that Russia faced competition with U.S., EU, Chinese and Indian companies as well as with corporations from the Arabian Peninsula in the region.
“We must use our competitive advantages, as we excel competitors under quality-price ratio in some industries. We still have knowledge of prospecting, production and transportation of natural resources, while in the political sphere we are neutral compared with the cold war period,” Margelov added.
Dr. Xiao Yuhua, Research fellow, Institute of African Studies, Zhejiang Normal University, China, and Visiting Scholar, Addis Ababa University, Ethiopia, said that the rapidly rising portfolio of China in Africa’s economy and the strengthening relations between China and most African countries have inspired alternative development partners and paths for African governments and the African business community.
According to him, the trade volume between China and Africa reached $160 billion in 2011, but China’s accumulated investment in Africa was around $400 billion during the same period. At the same time, Africa has become China’s second-largest oil supplier, the second-largest market for China’s engineering contracting and the fourth-largest destination for China’s outbound investment.
Fyodor Lukyanov, Editor-in-Chief of the Russia in Global Affairs journalsaid that the Chinese strategy in Africa is about getting access to resources that are vitally important for Chinese development.
“Russia has not similar need to gain African resources, so there is no motivation to develop such a comprehensive approach. We can identify many aspects of Chinese experience which would be useful to learn, but looking realistically I don’t think Russia will ever do it,” Lukyanov said.
Catherine Grant, Program Head Economic Diplomacy at the South African Institute for International Affairs (SAIIA) identified other challenges: “There are additional challenges with regards to Russia, such as the language and an unfamiliarity with the culture. And, I think it is not so much that Russia is perceived as not open for business but traders are unsure of how to get into the Russian market.”
Grant suggested that Russia consider offering preferential market access to products from African countries, as has been done by China and other trading partners. It would be mutually beneficial if the preferences were given on products that Russia does not produce itself since reduced tariffs would bring down the costs for Russian consumers.
As far back in June 2009, Namibian President Hifikepunye Pohamba suggested that Russian President Dmitry Medvedev should consider opening Russia’s market for African produce and services, but this proposal has still not been raised for serious discussion in Moscow.
James Shikwati, founder/director of Inter Region Economic Network (IREN) and CEO of The African Executive Magazine in Nairobi, Kenya, believes that Africans, given a well planned marketing strategy on the part of Russia, would choose Russian manufactured equipment, but Russian companies must do their homework before introducing their products in African markets.
Even the UN would like to see stronger business ties between Russia and Africa. “We want our friends, including from Russia, to come to Africa to do business to create wealth and jobs for the people,” said Kandeh Yumkella, the Director-General of the UN Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO), in a video address to participants attending a conference on relations between Russia and Africa in Moscow.
“This is about a new business relationship and a new business model of partnership, a win-win situation with both sides benefiting,” Yumkella told the delegates. He said Africa was in need of partners ready to help the continent create wealth.
“I want to say to my African brothers and sisters: Don’t come to Russia asking for aid, come to Russia to ask Russia to do business with you. Aid alone cannot change any nation. It is determination, competitiveness and technology transfer that can bring the necessary changes,” Yumkella said.
Yumkella added that many African doctors, engineers and other professionals had in the past benefited from training in Russia and noted that he was glad to see Moscow working to strengthen that partnership again after almost two decades. He, however, cautioned that for business to come to Africa, countries in the continent needed “good governance, clear, transparent political systems, and good policies so that investments will be safe.”
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Eric Maddigan
digital media, political communications
eric maddigan media
Is Representation Enough?: A Research Into Negative and Positive Portrayals of Transgender People in American Television Programs
Posted on December 10, 2020 by ericmaddiganmedia
Transgender people have existed for centuries, yet television programs have tended to ignore them and their stories until recent years. While transgender people are seen as less “taboo” today than, say, in the 1950s, a significant portion of the United States still view trans people either with confusion, disgust, anger, or any combination of the three. Because of the irrationally prejudiced view of trans people from many people, television programs have been slow to feature them. Under our current system, television programs need viewers to succeed, and if a significant portion of the population is prejudiced against trans people, it stands to reason that programs will avoid featuring trans characters or trans actors. When trans characters were finally seen in television programs, they were usually negatively portrayed, used as a joke for cisgender characters.
Today, we do see more positive portrayals of trans people, including in our class with Orange is the New Black, which is certainly a step in the right direction, but there is undoubtedly more work to do. When trans people are positively portrayed, television programs still place them in a cisnormative context, among many other problematic practices. Overall, positive trans representation in TV was minimal until the 21st century, when trans characters almost always faced jokes and discrimination from cisgender characters; However, even though positive representation has increased in recent years, television producers still use a variety of strategies to comfort cisgender audiences rather than challenging the cisnormative status quo.
For centuries, trans people have been viewed by populations with confusion and, unfortunately, disgust (Capuzza & Spencer). This public fascination spilled over to mass media when programs were broadcast to people across the United States. However, most representations of trans people in the earlier days of mass media painted trans people as “freaks” and “perverts” (McAvan). Trans people were not seen as equal characters in these representations, but simply as jokes or freaks for the cisgender main characters to make fun of. Unfortunately, this characterization of trans people lasted for an incredibly long time, with even modern, “progressive,” television shows such as How I Met Your Mother making stereotypical, offensive jokes against trans people (3).
In earlier representations, trans people were not viewed as being nothing more than transgender; typically their entire presence in the program is for cisgender characters to comment or joke on the trans character’s apparent “mismatch” between their gender identity and their genetalia. In some programs, cisgender characters act with disgust at finding out a potential sexual partner is transgender, while some justify that they were “tricked” by the trans character. These representations were undoubtedly negative and harmful. Earlier representations painted trans people as freaks; objects to be made fun of and othered by the cisgender main characters. Regular trans characters in television programs were unheard of for the first decades of network television’s existence. In fact, the first trans character who was a series regular appeared on the sitcom All That Glitters in 1977, which lasted just one season (Capuzza & Spencer), and was portrayed by a cisgender actress. Around this point, transgender characters began to be featured in more television programs, but were still othered in these programs, with characters having little personality besides being trans.
Programs eventually shifted away from portraying trans people as revolting “freaks,” but as tricksters preying on straight, cisgender men who believe having sexual activity with a trans woman would be “gay.” An example of this type of representation can be seen in an episode of How I Met Your Mother, where the straight, cisgender main character is on a blind date and imagines how the date could go. In one of his fantasies, the main character is in the men’s restroom, then sees his female-presenting date walk in. The main character asks what she’s doing there, and the date responds “I know, I’m a dude,” and proceeds to use a urinal. While the show never explicitly says the date is transgender, it still perpetuates a harmful stereotype of trans women: No matter how feminine-presenting one may be, they are still a “dude.” Another recent example of harmful depictions of trans people is seen in the animated program The Cleveland Show where a character comedically vomits after finding out he had sex with a transgender woman (7). Although contemporary programs have made some amount of progress regarding minimizing negative portrayals of trans people, they are still all-too-prevalent in mass media, leading to audiences taking away prejudiced, bigoted ideas of trans people.
In addition to othering, trans women also face constant fetishization in various television programs, particularly reality television. In one example, Maury Povich, host of the daytime program Maury had a recurring segment titled “Men or Women?” where trans women and cis women were shown in revealing outfits such as bathing suits and lingerie (4). Povich then asked the audience whether each woman was assigned female at birth or assigned male at birth. This horribly transphobic segment fetishized trans women, as the only trans women seen on Maury would be hyper-sexualized. Finally, the program showed simple bigotry with the segment’s title. By highlighting cis women as women but trans women as men, it furthered the prejudiced characterization that trans women were simply men in disguise. Even in programs that have been viewed as “queer-friendly,” transphobia is still gladly highlighted. In this case, RuPaul’s Drag Race featured a segment titled “Female or ‘Shemale’ (5).” GLAAD defines ‘shemale’ as a defamatory term intended to dehumanize trans people (6). In this segment, contestants were asked to determine if a photograph depicted a “biological woman or a psychological woman.” This characterization paints trans women as deluded and mentally ill, implying that trans women are only women in their heads. Even in a supposedly queer-friendly program, it still gladly highlighted a transphobic segment.
Even in more recent shows that attempted to showcase diverse portrayals of trans people, programs still resorted to harmful stereotypes. In a study on television programs since 2002 done by GLAAD, the most common profession of transgender characters was sex worker, with twenty percent of trans characters in scripted programming doing some form of sex work (7). In the study, GLAAD found that every major network and seven cable channels had at least one negative portrayal of trans individuals, all but assuring that media viewers will watch programs that dehumanize, stereotype, and other trans people, even if the programs have no poor intentions.
Thankfully, television has undoubtedly shifted towards more positive, diverse portrayals of trans people in recent years. Programs like Euphoria, Orange is the New Black, and even children’s program Steven Universe have highlighted positive portrayals of transgender individuals, whether explicitly or implicitly. Orange is the New Black, which we viewed in this course, is one of a very select programs that have a transgender character that is actually played by a transgender actress. While she is not the main character of the program, she is a series regular, where she regularly interacts with other characters. However, and most importantly, her being transgender does not define her entire character. While it comes up at times throughout the show, she has a personality outside of her gender identity, something that is not typical with other portrayals of trans people in television. In Euphoria, one of the series regulars is a teenage trans girl, which is particularly positive, as it gives trans or gender-questioning children the opportunity to see someone like themselves.
Finally, in Steven Universe, multiple queer themes are presented implicitly. In the series, “Gems” are presented as gender-shifting beings, with some presenting feminine, some masculine, and some neither (Moore). This suggests that gender is nonbinary, which allows audiences to rethink traditional, binary notions of gender identity. And to do this in a children’s show, although implicitly, is particularly commendable, as it allows queer themes to reach a young audience while still remaining appropriate for young audiences. Overall, there have undoubtedly been more positive representations of trans people in recent years; all of these programs allow audiences to see diverse representations of gender identity, rather than just stereotypes. These realistic depictions of trans people in television can help normalize trans people in real-life, leading to fewer stereotypes, biases, and prejudice among the general population.
However, although positive representation of trans women has increased, there has been next to no representation for trans men. Trans women characters are far more likely than trans men to appear on scripted television series (Capuzza & Spencer). Increased representation of trans women has not led to the same increase of trans men. In fact, “Representations of [trans men of color] in scripted media are nonexistent” (Keenan). So while representation of trans people in general has increased, it has not extended to all those who identify as trans. The lack of trans men in television, and media in general, create the stereotype that all trans people are trans women, which is certainly not the case. So while trans representation on television programs has been steadily increasing, not every trans person can truly say they have seen themselves on television.
While these shows certainly represent positive steps, there are still a number of issues regarding trans people on television. Simply said, representation isn’t everything. While positive portrayals of trans people is good, representation by itself is not enough to truly break down prejudices, stereotypes, and othering. Positive representation has increased, but there is still a long way to go.
One of these issues is that trans representation in television tends to disproportionately focus on the trans character’s physical transition. Television programs tend to equate “transgender” with “transitioning” (Siebler). Programs show trans people transitioning while trying to come to terms with a cisnormative society, rather than explicitly arguing against that cisnormative society. Television shows trans people as coming to terms with themselves, no matter if the cisnormative society disapproves, rather than fighting against the society. This creates the perception that if everyone in society simply socially accepted trans people, there would be no more prejudice or bigotry. However, because cisnormativity is built into nearly every facet of society, a liberal idea of acceptance is not enough to eliminate biases. Breaking down cisgender biases in our society requires confronting the cisnormativity that is present. However, as Siebler argues, trans characters in programs have not fought against the cisnormative pillars of society, but simply seeked a type of social acceptance from their community. Ultimately, this perpetuates the view that only social acceptance is required for true trans equality. But because of the cisnormative structures that are present in government, religion, and countless other facets of life, true trans equality can not occur without challenging these structures.
Next, programs with trans representation typically portray trans women as hyper-sexualized and obsessed with beauty, perpetuating the stereotype that trans women seek to “trick” straight men into sleeping with them (Serano). The disproportionate characterization of trans women as hyper-feminine, while often showing trans women having heavy makeup routines, backs up the prejudiced perception that trans women are deceptors, trying to hide their “true” identity as men. Additionally, the hyper-sexualization of trans women leads to fetishization of them. Trans women are disproportionately seen on television in a hyper-sexualized context, leading to the idea that trans women are sex-obsessed, furthering the perception of some that trans women are merely sexual objects, rather than human beings with fleshed-out personalities (Capuzza & Spencer). So while representation of trans women has increased, it can still perpetuate harmful, stereotypical ideas of who trans women “really” are, which ultimately does not break down any biases or prejudices that are all-too-present in our society today.
Additionally, it is important to note that, although trans representation within the diegesis of television programs has increased, actual trans representation within the television industry is behind. Of nine transgender characters who were series regulars in programs, only four of those nine characters were portrayed by trans actors (Capuzza & Spencer). This discrepancy makes it extremely difficult for trans actors to receive roles; trans actors are already at a disadvantage in receiving roles as cisgender characters, as producers could be concerned over whether the actor passes as a cisgender character. Next, there are already so few trans characters on television, greatly limiting trans actors’ opportunities. And when over half of trans characters are portrayed by cisgender actors, this harms trans actors even further. All of these compounded together make it extremely difficult for trans actors to get work in television. And because of the difficulty of trans actors gaining roles, cisgender actors are left to tell explicitly transgender stories. While it is untrue that a trans actor would always portray a trans character better than a cisgender actor, it still leads to the concern that trans characters’ stories are not as well-told as they could be if they were portrayed by trans actors, who often understand and have lived the experiences that the character is facing.
Next, trans characters, and queer characters in general, are typically seen in a largely cisgender, heterosexual group, ignoring the community that transgender and queer people have cultivated amongst themselves. Because most television programs still cater to the general population, the show is written in a cisnormative, heteronormative context (Capuzza & Spencer). Few shows that feature trans characters actually showcase the character interacting with the larger transgender community. Typically, programs show the trans character almost exclusively interacting with cisgender characters. While there are exceptions, such as Transparent and Pose, most programs that feature trans characters simply ignore the larger transgender community. And, unfortunately, this is the case with lesbian and gay characters as well. Gay characters are seen overwhelmingly in a heterosexual context; we rarely see the queer character interact with other queer characters.
Additionally, transgender characters disproportionately socialized with gay, lesbian, and bisexual characters (Gamson). This leads to a harmful conflation between gender identity and sexuality. When trans characters interact with lesbian, gay, and bisexual characters, but not other trans characters, this perpetuates the idea that being trans is a type of sexuality. And if audiences view trans people through a disproportionately sexual lens, this can lead to increased sexualization and fetishization of trans people among the general population. So although seeing queer groups on television can be a benefit, seeing trans characters largely interact with lesbian and gay characters, rather than other trans characters, can lead to inaccurate assumptions among audiences. And just as television does with queer characters, programs featuring trans characters tend to ignore the larger community, and features these characters almost exclusively in a cisgender context.
Finally, although positive representation of trans people has increased, there is still a disturbing lack of nonbinary characters on television. Television programs have always catered to cisgender, heterosexual audiences when featuring queer characters, and trans people are no exception. Programs tend to show trans people, almost exclusively, as binary trans women (Capuzza & Spencer). This “wrong body” narrative, as Capuzza and Spencer describe, perpetuates the idea that all trans people simply wish to switch from one gender to the other. While this may be the experience that some trans people have, it is certainly not the case for all trans people. Just as television tends to ignore trans men, it tends to ignore nonbinary people as well. Nearly every depiction of trans people on television is binary. While there are exceptions, such as Stevonnie in Steven Universe, few nonbinary characters are seen on television. This lack of representation among nonbinary people ultimately perpetuates the idea that gender is binary, rather than fluid. Television almost exclusively shows cis women, cis men, trans women, and trans men, leaving few spots for nonbinary characters or actors. This furthers inaccurate ideas that a person has to be male or female, with no in between or beyond this binary. With millions of people watching television every night, this lack of representation of all trans people leads to inaccurate portrayals of trans people in general.
Ultimately, there are still many issues with transgender representation in television. While representation has increased, stereotypes and biases still remain all-too-present on the small screen. Clearly, representation is not everything. Even in shows that feature trans people in a positive light, there are issues. Even if a trans person is perfectly represented, with no stereotypes seen, television programs will still bend over backward to protect the cisnormative status quo. As stated before, trans characters tend to look for a type of acceptance from cisgender characters, with the idea that acceptance of peers is the ultimate goal. This liberal idea ignores the structural prejudices that trans people face not from peers, but from the entire structures of society. And, time and time again, trans characters are written not to confront these powerful cisgender structures, but to seek a passing acceptance from the community around them (Siebler).
Characters seek to fit into their cisnormative groups, rather than confronting the group’s members about their underlying transphobia. This desire for acceptance, rather than challenging the status quo, spreads the idea that trans people simply need acceptance from peers in order to achieve equality in society. This is not the case, as transphobia is built into governments, education systems, religion, capitalism, and practically every other facet of American life. And when television programs featuring trans characters refuse to confront this structural transphobia, it leads to misinformation among audiences.
Next, while representation of trans people in television has increased in general, some specific networks are falling behind. Cable channels and streaming services are more likely to feature trans characters than programs on the four major networks (Capuzza & Spencer). Cable and streaming tend to have younger audiences who tend to have more progressive views on gender identity. Programs on cable and streaming feel like there is less risk to feature a trans character because the service’s audience may be more accepting of trans people in general. On the other hand, network programs tend to have older audiences who may have conservative ideas of gender identity, and may react with confusion or outright hatred if they see a trans character on television. Positive trans representation has undoubtedly increased, but certain channels and streaming services are carrying the load, to the point where some audiences may not see trans people on television, allowing stereotypes and prejudices to define what these audiences think about trans people, rather than allowing accurate, diverse portrayals of trans people on television inform them.
Overall, trans representation on television has had a messy, stereotypical history. For the first decades of television in America, trans people were nowhere to be found on the small screen, and when trans people finally were seen, they were painted as “freaks.” They were not seen as human beings, but as “perverts” who deserved the ridicule and harassment of cisgender characters. While the explicit dehumanization of trans people decreased throughout the decades, they were still used as punchlines for cisgender characters. Even in recent programming such as How I Met Your Mother, trans people only existed when their existence could be joked about by cisgender characters. Unfortunately, we still see this prejudiced depiction of trans people in many modern programs, where trans people only exist in the program to be made fun of, dehumanizing the entire trans community.
Thankfully, in recent years, some shows have been lauded for their positive, diverse portrayal of trans people. Programs like Orange is the New Black and Steven Universe show positive portrayals of trans people without solely relying on stereotypes. These programs are undoubtedly a step in the right direction for showcasing accurate depictions of transgender people. However, positive representation of trans people should not be the end goal. Even with positive representations, there are still oversights.
Notably, the lack of trans men and nonbinary people is concerning, as these communities are seeing little representation on the small screen. Next, trans women are still seen as hyper-sexualized even in positive depictions, leading to the stereotype that all trans women are obsessed with sex. Trans actors still face many barriers in gaining roles, as few trans characters are even played by trans performers. We still see trans characters in most programs in a cisgender context, where there is little to no interaction between the main trans character and other trans characters. This ignorance of the larger trans community is an unfortunate omission. Finally, television programs still refuse to have trans characters confront the cisnormative structures that are present in the United States. Characters seek gracious acceptance rather than challenging internalized transphobia. This leads to the notion that true transgender equality simply comes with acceptance, rather than breaking down the transphobia that is present in nearly every facet of American life. Overall, while transgender representation on television has undoubtedly come a long way, there is still work to be done. Television, and mass media in general, has an enormous audience in the United States, and while positive depictions of trans people have been a great step, programs need to be unafraid to take the next step. Highlighting trans characters who are unafraid to confront the cisnormative structures that are present in our society today can help audiences realize that true trans equality occurs not merely with peer acceptance, but with breaking down the numerous transphobic structures in America.
McAvan, E. (2011). Homofiles: Theory, sexuality, and graduate studies (pp. 23e33). Lanham, MD: Lexington.
Capuzza, J. C., & Spencer, L. G. (2017). Regressing, progressing, or transgressing on the small screen? Transgender characters on US scripted television series. Communication Quarterly, 65(2), 214-230.
Fryman, P. (Director). (2011, October 17). Mystery vs. History [Television series episode]. In How I Met Your Mother. CBS.
Maury [Television series]. (n.d.). NBCUniversal.
Murray, N. (Director). (2014, March 17). Shade: The Rusical [Television series episode]. In RuPaul’s Drag Race. Logo TV.
GLAAD Media Reference Guide – Transgender. (2019, December 07). Retrieved from https://www.glaad.org/reference/transgender
Victims or Villains: Examining Ten Years of Transgender Images on Television. (2017, January 12). Retrieved from https://www.glaad.org/publications/victims-or-villains-examining-ten-years-transgender-images-television
Moore, M. E. (2019). Future Visions: Queer Utopia in Steven Universe. Research on Diversity in Youth Literature, 2(1), 5.
Keegan, C. (2014). How Transparent tried and failed to represent trans men. The Advocate. Retrieved from http://www.advocate.com/commentary/2014/10/22/op-ed-how-transparent- tried-and-failed-represent-trans-men
Siebler, K. (2012). Transgender transitions: Sex/gender binaries in the digital age. Journal of Gay & Lesbian Mental Health, 16(1), 74–99. doi:10.1080/19359705.2012.632751
Serano, J. (2007). Whipping girl: A transsexual woman on sexism and the scapegoating of femininity. Emeryville, CA: Seal Press.
Gamson, J. (2001). Talking freaks: Lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgendered families on day-time talk TV. In M. Bernstein & R. Reimann (Eds.), Queer families, queer politics: Challenging culture and the state (pp. 68–86). New York, NY: Columbia University Press.
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Law Business Mexico
Nathan Elmore
Attorney & Partner
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Nathan H. Elmore graduated from Mississippi State University where he earned his Bachelor of Arts in History. He studied law at the University of Georgia and earned his Juris Doctor, cum laude in 1995. Mr. Elmore began his legal career with the Hinds County Public Defender’s Office, representing persons charged with violent, property and drug crimes. He opened his own law firm in 1998. Mr. Elmore has geared his practice toward assisting immigrants from nations as diverse as Mexico and Guatemala to India and Yemen. He still provides criminal defense to clients throughout the State of Mississippi. Mr. Elmore has also successfully vindicated the rights of injured clients in worker’s compensation and personal injury claims. He appears regularly in Chancery Court where he handles divorce, custody and guardianship matters. Mr. Elmore frequently travels to New Orleans and Memphis to defend clients in removal proceedings before the United States immigration courts.
Mr. Elmore has been admitted to practice before the Supreme Court of the United States of America and has conducted oral argument before the 5th Circuit Court of Appeals in New Orleans. He practices regularly in the United States District Court for the Southern District of Mississippi and has handled matters before the United States District Court for the Northern District of Mississippi. Mr. Elmore has represented numerous clients before the Supreme Court of Mississippi and the Mississippi Court of Appeals. He has represented clients in Circuit, Chancery, Justice and Municipal courts throughout the State of Mississippi.
Mr. Elmore endeavors to provide quality legal representation and counsel to immigrants to ensure they receive equal justice under the constitutions and laws of the United States and the State of Mississippi.
Year Joined Firm: 1998
Federal Felony Criminal Defense
State Felony Criminal Defense
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Auto and Workplace Injuries in Federal and State Courts
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Mississippi (1995)
Education and Honorifics
University of Georgia School of Law (1995)
Mississippi State University (1992)
Consulting Attorney to the Mexican Consulate in New Orleans, Louisiana since 2011
English and Spanish. Mr. Elmore has traveled extensively throughout Latin America.
News/Presentations
Guardian UK newspaper – March 2017
Clarion Ledger Newspaper – multiple appearances in March 2017
WLBT News – multiple appearances in March 2017
Know your Rights presentations at several statewide events hosted by the Mexican Consulate of New Orleans, Louisiana – 2012 to 2018
Abigail M. Peterson
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Office: (601) 353-0054 After Hours: (601) 906-1736 Fax: (601) 510-8188
Elmore & Peterson Law Firm represents immigrants and U.S. citizens both nationally and throughout Mississippi, including the cities of: Jackson, Brandon, Clinton, Pearl, Madison, Ridgeland, Canton, Yazoo City, Vicksburg, Forest, Morton, Tutwiler, Oxford, Hernando, Southaven, Tupelo, Brookhaven, Crystal Springs, Hazlehurst, Hattiesburg, Meridian, Biloxi, Gulfport and Pass Christian.
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BJ v Refugee Appeals Tribunal and Minister for Justice, Equality and Law Reform / OAIA v Refugee Appeals Tribunal and Minister for Justice, Equality and Law Reform
Respondent/Defendant: Refugee Appeals Tribunal and Minister for Justice, Equality and Law Reform
Court/s: High Court
Citation/s: [2014] IEHC 429
Nature of Proceedings: Judicial Review
Judgment Date/s: 05 Sep 2014
Judge: McDermott J.
Category: Refugee Law
Keywords: Asylum, Persecution, Refugee, Refugee Law
Country of Origin: Sierra Leone
URL: https://www.courts.ie/acc/alfresco/6de7a624-3690-4b46-bbd2-1b63d4ecc4be/2014_IEHC_429_1.pdf/pdf#view=fitH
The applicants were a mother and her son. The mother claimed to have been born in Sierra Leone and her son was born in Ireland. She arrived in Ireland in 2005 and claimed asylum. She alleged that she had been married to a pastor who had previously been involved with a rebel group in Sierra Leone. They looked askance at his leaving the group and attacked them, raping her and abducting him. She fled to Freetown but her whereabouts were discovered by the rebels who threatened those who had given her refuge. She then fled to Ireland. Her application, and that of her son’s, were unsuccessful before the Refugee Applications Commissioner and the Refugee Appeals Tribunal.
The Tribunal did not consider their claims to be credible. Insofar as her claim was concerned, it considered her knowledge of her husband’s involvement with the rebels to be vague.
It also did not consider credible her claim that he had no difficulties with the rebels for a period of three years, during which he preached publicly against them. The existence of a considerable gap between the threats made by the rebels against her also undermined the credibility of her claim to be targeted by them, given that her husband continued to preach during that time.
Finally, it noted that she had not made any effort to seek state protection for herself or her husband.
It also considered that her child’s claim was lacking in credibility. It held that there was no risk that he would be recruited as a child soldier into the rebel army or subjected to other serious human rights violations as a child; that he was not at risk of being targeted on account of the targeting of his parents by the rebels; or that, as the son of a single mother, he would be at risk as a result of alleged widespread societal and legal discrimination against women and, in particular, single mothers.
The applicants claimed that the Tribunal had erred in failing to assess the risk to them of gender-based violence if they were to return to Sierra Leone, citing country of origin information which discussed it.
Reasoning:
The court upheld the Tribunal’s decision.
Insofar as the latter claim of the applicants was concerned, it held that that element of the claim had arisen at a very late stage of the asylum process. There was no evidence that the mother had any gender-related problems in Sierra Leone before or after her marriage. It also noted that the Tribunal had considered the country of origin information submitted in the context of assessing future risk of persecution on the basis of gender-based discrimination and the possibilities of conscription of her son into a rebel army, and had concluded that those assertions were speculative. It upheld that finding, holding that it was not necessary to refer to each element of the evidence submitted by the applicants, and that there was no evidence to suggest that the evidence had not been considered.
It was entitled to consider the assertions to be speculative. Whilst the Tribunal had referred to an alleged requirement to show “firm evidence” that persecution “will” occur, the court noted that those aspects had to be read in the context of the entire decision, which proceeded on the appropriate burden and standard of proof, referring at times to the “serious possibility”, “reasonable chance” or “real chance” of persecution, and citing relevant statutory provisions concerning those matters.
The applicants claimed that the Tribunal had made a number of material errors of fact. On closer analysis, the court found that no, or no material, errors of fact existed at all, and rejected this ground of challenge too.
Finally, the applicants challenged a finding by the Tribunal that it was open to them to relocate elsewhere in Sierra Leone. The court rejected it, holding that that aspect of the decision was based on a finding of lack of credibility of the account given by the first named applicant. The references to internal relocation in Sierra Leone did not fundamentally undermine the decisions or fall to be considered in accordance with the principles set out by Clark J. in K.D. (Nigeria) v Refugee Appeals Tribunal [2013] IEHC 481. The court observed that Clark J. had noted in that case that there were a large number of Tribunal decisions which referred to the relocation option, notwithstanding a finding that there was no well-founded fear of persecution on credibility grounds. It was therefore not inclined to interfere with the decisions on this basis.
Finally, the court rejected a claim that the Tribunal had overly delayed in delivering its decision for some ten months after the oral hearing in the case. It was not satisfied that it gave rise to any demonstrable prejudice or error on its part as might vitiate the decisions. Notes were available of the hearings and, moreover, the alleged errors said to be contained in the decisions did not actually arise or were immaterial to the findings reached.
The court accordingly refused leave and upheld the decision.
Principles:
A protection decision-maker is not required to refer to all of the evidence adduced by a protection applicant in its decision.
A protection decision which is based primarily on credibility will likely be upheld even though it includes an alternative finding on internal relocation which does not strictly comply with the requirements of the EC (Eligibility for Protection) Regulations 2006 or the EU (Subsidiary Protection) Regulations 2013, particularly where the “finding” on internal relocation can more appropriately be classed as a sub-finding of the appraisal of credibility.
EU Treaty Rights
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Famous Break-Ups of Celebrity Couples
Whenever love happens in Hollywood, rumors start to circulate, and the fans begin to cheer. That’s the way things always go. The love between two celebrities is the closest to something we can see in fairytales, and that’s how the people usually observe it. However, it seems that love and fame are hard to manage, especially nowadays with the enormous pressure that comes from media and social networks.
Here are some of the Hollywood’s most famous break-ups that people still remember.
Channing Tatum and Jenna Dewan Tatum
Source:youtube
The relationship between these two reminds us that sometimes fairy tales simply aren’t real. The two met while working together on a popular movie “Step Up” back in 2006. During that time they started dating and three years after they got married. In April this year, the couple announced that they were separating due to different schedules and interests.
Selena Gomez and The Weeknd
Source:elle.com
After The Weeknd broke up with Bella Hadid, he started dating Selena Gomez in 2017. Everyone thought that their relationship is getting serious after they bought a house in New York. They also seemed very happy at Met Gala 2017, where they showed up together. However, soon after the event, they announced that they ended their relationship after which Selena was spotted with her former boyfriend, Justin Bieber. Justin and Selena still haven’t officially announced whether they are together or not.
Gina Torres and Laurence Fishburne
Source:usmagazine.com
In September 2017, the couple announced the separation after 15 years of being together. However, they didn’t end their relationship on bad terms, and they will continue to take care of their child together.
Josh Duhamel and Fergie
Source:pagesix.com
It is still ambiguous to the fans why these two ended their marriage after eight years when they looked so good together. It came as a shock to learn that they are separating. They will continue to take care of their son together.
Madison Parker and Aaron Carter
Source:huffingtonpost.com
This might be the only break up from the list that gives hopes that the two can get together sometime in the future. They ended their relationship but remained friends. Aaron said that if he had to choose someone to get married to, that would most certainly be Madison.
Aaron Carter Celebrity Couples Channing Tatum and Jenna Dewan Tatum Famous Break-Ups Fergie Gina Torres Josh Duhamel Laurence Fishburne Madison Parker Selena Gomez The Weeknd
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GERMANY: Margot Hielscher dies, aged 97
By John Stanton on August 24, 2017 • ( Leave a comment )
News has emerged that former Eurovision entrant Margot Hielscher has died, aged 97. She represented Germany in back-to-back contests in 1957 and 1958.
Margot was born in 1919 in Berlin. During the 1940s she became a film star before having a go at the fledgling Eurovision Song Contest. In 1957, when the West German selection was run by Hessischer Rundfunk, based in Frankfurt-am-Main. The national selection of four songs was won by Margot with the song ‘Telefon, telefon’; one of the first Eurovision songs to use a prop. It was written Friedrich Meyer and Ralph Maria Siegel (no, not him, but his father).
Margot came fourth out of 10 songs. He she is with the song that was the home entry.
In 1958, ARD took the West German national final to Dortmund. Margot beat a field of 12 songs, which earned her the jaunt to Hilversum, then the home of Dutch radio. Ten songs took part in the Contest, and Margot came seventh out of 10, with ‘Für zwei Groschen Musik’ (Music for two pennies) written by Friedrich Meyer, Fred Rauch and Walter Brandin.
Here she is, with more props!
In the 1960s, she hosted her own talkshow produced by Bayerischen Fernsehen of Bavaria. Her entertainment career continued into the 1990s and into the 21st Century, mainly as a star of stage.
Her last major appearance was 2011, when she was interviewed from her home in Munich.
Our thoughts are with her family at this time.
Author: John Stanton
Source: Youtube, Eurovision Ireland, Der Spiegel
Categories: Eurovision, Eurovision 2018, Eurovision History, Eurovision Songs, Germany, In Memoriam
Tagged as: 1957, 1958, ESC, Eurovision, Frankfurt, Fur zwei Groschen Musik, Hilversum, HR, Margot Hielscher, Telefon telefon
#EUROSTARZ 2017 – #INTERVIEW with Anjeza Shahini
#EUROSTARZ 2017 – #INTERVIEW with Salena Mastroianni
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Drake’s Plan
Rapper and pop star, Drake, recently released a music video to his song, God’s Plan, almost two weeks ago. Reaching number No. 1 on the Billboard charts, Drake’s 1 million dollar budget music video was more than just a PR stunt for the star.
The million dollars for the production was actually spent on charitable acts around the city of Miami in Florida. Drake told shoppers at a local tropical supermarket that everything is free, presented a scholarship to a well deserved student, gave gift cards to women in shelters and much more. Drake throughout the music video even surprises fans with wads of cash.
The music video is shot in a documentary style, starting with a monologue from a resident of Miami. The locals then are seen dancing to the beat of God’s plan, until Drake is revealed dancing himself. The video takes you the streets of Miami, meeting locals and witnessing good deeds done by the artist. The last sequences of the music video are shots of Drake dancing and singing with fans to his song.
A series of charitable acts was the foundation for Drake’s new music video. A million dollar production not spent on the set, or the camera, or the stars, only charity. All the money was distributed through the streets of one of the most poverty stricken areas in the country. Artists and celebrities should take Drake as an example for what it means to be an influence.
Positives of the Pandemic
Things to do in quarantine
Was COVID-19 predicted?
Top 5 Best Young Adult Books
Bad Bunny new album release
Making money off Tick Tock
Random Acts of Kindness Week
Best Buddies Valentines Day Party
Belvidere North’s Wizard of Oz play: Cast perspectives
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Whose Story?
Heads were nodding at the United Nations last June during an all-night session of the review of the 1995 Beijing Women’s Conference. Then, the few delegates and observers who were still awake were startled to hear a proposal from the Philippine government to include the word “herstories” in the meeting’s official document. There was a moment of confusion as delegates took to the microphones to complain that they did not understand the meaning of the word. Ironically, a hasty definition was offered by the Holy See. Unlike much else in the document, the definition and proposal were accepted with no objection. Thus, paragraph 100 (c) of the Final Report of the Twenty-Third Special Session of the United Nations General Assembly reads:
“…improve the global sharing of information, research, strengths, lessons learned from women’s experiences, including ‘Herstories’…”
A footnote to the paragraph defines “herstories” as “a widely used term denoting the recounting of events, both historical and contemporary, from a woman’s point of view.”
While some may applaud this step, I find it disturbing. I am a bilingual Chicana feminist. I have been translating in political settings for more than a decade and informally for much of my life. I am often involved in discussions with feminist friends and colleagues about how to translate terms that were invented in English and for which words in Spanish—or any other language—do not exist. The “herstory” incident troubles me for several reasons.
“Herstory” is not a widely used term. It appeared in the English language at a moment when U.S. feminists were trying to demonstrate women’s exclusion from the telling of the human story, which at that time was perceived as Western, male, and white. The word was coined in 1970 by Robin Morgan in her book Sisterhood Is Powerful. Ann Forfreedom argued for its use in a 1972 essay entitled “Why Herstory?” but the term never gained wide acceptance, even among feminist historians. This may be partly because the root of “history” is not “his story” but a Greek word meaning “inquiry.”
More important, “herstory” is yet one more invented term exclusively based in the English language. Like any play on words, it cannot be translated. Last June, no non-English-speaking delegate at the U.N. was given a translation of “herstory,” which probably accounts for the almost complete lack of debate about using the term.
In other deliberations during the review process (dubbed Beijing +5), delegates often claimed that they did not understand the meanings of the terms being used. Sometimes they honestly did not, sometimes they were signaling their dissent, and sometimes they were trying to stall the debate. Early on, it was clear that some governments were using the review to backtrack on the rights heralded in the Platform for Action adopted in Beijing. Women’s hopes for the recognition of “sexual orientation” as a basis for discrimination were crushed when the term was banished from the document. Governments fought over the definition of family, at times displaying thinly veiled fears of independent women, lesbian mothers, and nonnuclear families. Language calling for international cooperation in collecting data on violence against women was proposed and ultimately rejected. In this light, the meek acceptance of “herstory” looks like a cheap appeasement to women in a concession that was merely symbolic. We had hoped to gain stronger commitments by governments to areas that truly affect women’s lives.
Language at international negotiations is a high-stakes game and must be taken seriously. Many—though not all—of the words of feminism and women’s rights have their origin in the English language. This is an ideological challenge for all non-English speakers and a very real problem for translators and those who rely on them.
We must be adamant in demanding linguistic diversity in all
MsMagazine
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Close Your Eyes (2002)
March 1, 2009 Jim McLennan reviews, thriller
Rating: B-
Dir: Nick Willing
Star: Shirley Henderson, Goran Visnjic, Miranda Otto, Sophie Stuckey
a.k.a. Doctor Sleep
Someone is kidnapping children, and their corpses are turning up, tattoed with ritualistic symbols; one victim escapes, but is traumatized into complete silence. Detective Janet Losey (Henderson), impressed with the work of Dr. Michael Strother (Visnjic), who cured her tobacco addictions, brings him on-board to see if he can get the young victim to open up, despite the opposition of some above her in the force. They’re not unjustified, because Strother has some secrets from his past that might be best not uncovered, and neither he nor Losey are prepared for the world into which they are plunged. That involves a five-hundred year-old French occultist, and his modern-day disciples, who are not happy to be having their activities investigated, and are prepared to go to any lengths to stop this. Into what dangers has Strother put his pregnant wife (Otto) and young daughter?
This probably reminds me of To the Devil a Daughter more than anything else, with its London setting, and you can certao; Visnjic is somewhat out of place, and seems to be on board simply for financing purposes (being a star from ER), but doesn’t do badly. Henderson is really good, however, as a policewoman finding herself caught between a desire to solve the case and administrative BS. You can almost imagine her as being like a junior version of Helen Mirren’s character from Prime Suspect. My major qualm is that the further the film goes, the further it drifts from much sense of plausibility, and there’s a coda which appears to have wandered in from a cheaper and less effective movie than this wants to be – and, indeed, is for the bulk of its running-time. It’s mostly an intelligent and well thought-out horror-thriller, and has to be admired as such, despite the mis-steps towards the end.
Goran Visnjic
Nick Willing
Sophie Stuckey
CJ7 (2008)
Bravo Two Zero (1999)
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Activist Mother Runs for Argentinian Gov’t
Graciela Fernandez Meijide, a 66-year-old mother whose son was kidnapped by death squads in 1976, has announced that she will run for president of Argentina in 1999 if she wins Sunday’s congressional elections for the Alliance party.
Meijide has been a member of the Senate since 1995, and says her son’s disappearance prompted her to enter politics. She says if she is elected, she will support the Grandmothers of Plaza de Mayo, a group that searches for children who were orphaned by the death squads and given to military parents. She would be running against Buenos Aires’ Hilda Duhalde, the governor’s wife who is often compared to Eva Peron. Meijide said “Evita tried to build a welfare state and Mrs. Duhalde thinks she can milk that image by giving out eggs and flour to the poor. She should attack the roots of poverty.” She said politicians need to address government corruption and improve the justice system.
Argentina’s current president, Carlos Menem, says that Meijide is “only fit to be a housewife.” Mrs. Duhalde, who said Meijide “acts like a man,” only entered the congressional race because her husband forced her to, and claims she’d rather be at home. Meijide has criticized Menem for pardoning officials who were responsible for the disappearance of over 9,000 political leftists and dissidents during a military crackdown. She said that she would investigate corruption in Menem’s administration if elected. “I’m not seeking vengeance. I’m translating the pain into a fight for justice and better democracy,” Meijide said.
AP - October 22, 1997
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New Report Shows FGM in Decline, but 30 Million Girls Still at Risk
The United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) published a report Monday saying that 30 million girls are at risk for female genital mutilation (FGM), despite a global decline in the practice. The report (PDF here) covers data from over 20 years in 29 countries across Africa and the Middle East where the practice is still prevalent.
The report cites cultural acceptance as a reason for the practice’s persistence in some areas. Some countries have shown a promising decline in FGM, yet in others, like Somalia, Guinea, Djbouti, and Egypt, 9 out of 10 girls are subjected to the practice. In places where FGM is in decline, both men and women oppose its practice. About 125 million women in the world have already undergone the procedure.
FGM is widely recognized as a violation of human rights, including by the United Nations. According to UNICEF Deputy Executive Director Geeta Rao Gupta, “FGM/C [sic] is a violation of a girl’s rights to health, well-being and self-determination. What is clear from this report is that legislation alone is not enough. The challenge now is to let girls and women, boys and men speak out loudly and clearly and announce they want this harmful practice abandoned.”
Al Jazeera 7/22/2013; BBC News Africa 7/22/2013; Huffington Post 7/22/2013; UN News Centre 7/22/2013; UNICEF 7/22/2013
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Cheap Bastards
That’s the upshot here:
“Every freelancer deals with the stress of worrying that ‘If I ask for this expense to be reimbursed, are they going to stop working with me? Is there someone else out there willing to eat all their own costs and his work is good enough?'”
Peter’s concern that less experienced journalists are willing to report from hostile regions and demand less from budget-conscious news outlets is a very real one, says Smyth, given the shifting media landscape.
“What’s changed is that there is a shared interest between startups and aspiring young journalists to want to get news covered that wouldn’t otherwise be covered,” Smyth said.
“These aspiring freelancers just want to get published … so they can’t go to the outlet and say, ‘I want you to publish me and I want equipment, insurance, and training.’ The outlets will go to someone else.”
If freelancers were just getting shafted by “startups,” I don’t think I’d have as much of an issue as I do (though, if you can’t afford to protect someone in a war zone, you can’t afford to have someone in a war zone). I’ve seen freelancers get hosed by newspapers and magazines that have been around for decades, that have no excuse other than parsimoniousness.
And if you’re owned by Ariana Huffington, for example, you need to goddamn pony up.
Athenae, Big Damn Heroes
Fuck Yeah Flora Sandes
Why aren’t a bunch of Redgraves/Richardsons playing her in a movie yet?
Adrastos, Music, Sunday Morning Video, Television
SMV: Steve Winwood Live In 2004
Soul Week may be over, but I thought I post this Soundstage appearance by one of the best of the “blue-eyed soul” singers, Steve Winwood:
Adrastos, Music
Soul Week: Rock My Soul
As a grand finale, I’ve decided to flip this thing on its head. Ouch. I asked for some ideas for a post title on FB but none of them rocked or rolled. So, I settled on the title of an old Elvin Bishop song. So it goes.
Now where the hell was I? Oh yeah, today it’s time to hear some soul singers sing rock and roll songs. I’ll skip the originals and get down to the nitty gritty with some sweet soul music.
First, Otis Redding kicking some serious ass at the Monterey Pop Festival with a Rolling Stones numbah:
Weekend Question Thread
What would your dream house look like?
I go back and forth between “fabulous apartment with 360 view of the lake and a giant wine fridge” and “cottage in Ireland in the middle of the mountains with a sheep herd and whatnot.”
Soul Week: I Heard It Through The Grapevine
I originally planned to go more outside the box (a phrase I dislike but find useful) but this is too great a song and story to skip.
“I Heard It Through the Grapevine” is a song written by Norman Whitfield and Barrett Strong for Motown Records in 1966, and made famous by Marvin Gaye in a single released in October 1968 on Motown’s Tamla label.
Originally recorded by Smokey Robinson & the Miracles in 1966, that version was rejected by Motown owner Berry Gordy, who told Whitfield and Strong to make it stronger. After recording the song with Marvin Gaye in 1967, which Gordy also rejected, Whitfield produced a version with Gladys Knight & the Pips, which Gordy agreed to release as a single in September 1967, and which went to number two in the Billboard chart. The Marvin Gaye version was placed on his 1968 album In the Groove, where it gained the attention of radio disc jockeys, and Gordy finally agreed to its release as a single in October 1968, when it went to the top of the Billboard Pop Singles chart for seven weeks from December 1968 to January 1969 and became for a time the biggest hit single on the Motown label.
This is the second tune I’ve posted from the songwriting team of Whitfield and Strong this week. I have an easy explanation for this duplication: they were GREAT. In addition to GladysKnight and Marvin Gaye’s versions, there have been quite a few outstanding rock versions. I’ve picked out two: one of which you’re certainly familiar with and the other not so much.
First, Gladys Knight & the Pips. I had a friend who always called them the pimps. I always wanted him to run into Ms. Knight tell her that and get slapped. It’s not much of a dream but it’s mine:
Athenae, Diary
Friday Ferretblogging
The magnificent Senorita TinyPet.
Current Affairs, Doc, Kids Today, On Wisconsin
Cardinal Columns: Almost… Almost… Almost…
About six months after the Fond du Lac school district implemented a “censor them all, let God sort them out” policy regarding its student media, it appears the board of education has decided to act right.
According to at least two sources, the board met in a “workshop” earlier in the week and agreed in principle to a document that declares the publications of Fond du Lac High School to be public forums. This will essentially provide First Amendment protection to all of the media at the school, including the award-winning Cardinal Columns news magazine and Fondy Today, the school’s broadcast operation.
The policy is a one-year trial, with a few strings that could be problematic. Although the board did not include contingencies for the principal or any other administrator to approve of content prior to publication, it put in place a similar approval contingency on the adviser:
“Consistent with applicable law, the advisor may refuse to publish, display or post material that in his/her professional judgement (sic) is obscene, vulgar, profane, libelous, inconsistent with the educational goals of the District, is reasonably forecasted (sic) to disrupt the educational environment, advocates the use of drugs or alcohol, violates the District’s non-discrimination or other policies, violates the rights of others, violates any applicable state or federal law, or is unsuitable for its potential audience.”
It’s one of those things that could be horribly applied if the wrong person is placed in this role. That said, the read I get of the current adviser (Matt Smith) tells me the publication won’t have to worry much about the potential for adviser overreach. Still, keeping that one little spot in there could create legal liability for the district if something goes south on a published piece. That said, it’s a heck of a lot better than it was.
The board still has to approve the policy at an upcoming meeting, but their general meetings tend to be coronations and blessings more than actual public debate. This leads me to remain hopeful that this policy is on final approach to approval and that the kids will get what they have fought so hard for: The right to do good work in a censorship-free environment.
The bigger thing is that with a one-year trial, here are two concerns that need to be clearly highlighted:
First, knowing you are under the hammer tends to lead to a chilling effect. If you know you only have one shot to prove yourself, you’re going to be on your best behavior, sure, but you’re also going to be a little gun-shy. This is why it’s a lot easier to be yourself after 40 years of marriage than after 40 minutes of a first date. It’s that sense of trying to be more perfect than you actually are.
I have a sense that the kids are going to continue to do good work, but if there’s a story, a topic, a headline or whatever that looks a tad suspect, they might decide, “Hey, tie goes to the runner. Let’s let this be for now.” My hope is that they won’t and that they will remain just as fearless as they have been to get themselves to this point in the first place. However, I know my own behavior is representative of the same kind of chilling: When a cop pulls me over for going too fast, I spend the next six months going about 0.1 miles under the speed limit everywhere. Just in case.
Second, the board has to have faith. Several members have publicly expressed their concerns about the publication, how the kids aren’t “real journalists” and how they need “adult oversight.” I won’t bother to rehash all of these petty arguments, but I will say that they need to let go of this and let the kids figure things out as they go. If you want to give them a chance to learn, you can’t freak out every time something happens and try to grab control back. If they live in fear that you’re going to drop a hammer on them the instant you don’t like something, they’re going to make ten times more mistakes than if you left them alone. Don’t look at every iffy headline or controversial topic as a chance to freak out. Let the stuff run its course and see where it really goes.
Overall, however, this appears to be a really good step in the best possible direction. It took guts for this board to do this, as everyone was watching and there’s always a fear that if the board “gives in,” it could pave a path to hell. Still, as the board is watching the kids, everyone will be watching the board.
It should make for a very interesting school year.
Adrastos, Catblogging, Diary
Friday Guest Catblogging: Gonzo Is Watching
Meet Gonzo. She runs the show on Annunciation Street, and keeps a careful watch on her cat guardians Greg and Christy. Now she’s got her eyes on you:
Adrastos, Hurricane Katrina & Federal Flood, New Orleans Image
NINE YEARS
Athenae, War in Iraq
Journalistic Passive Voice Part the 1,000th
Politico pretends to be stupider than they are, which is funny considering, you know, where the starting line is:
The president’s aim was clearly to defuse building expectations that U.S. military strikes in Syria were imminent as part of a broadening drive to defeat the Islamic State in Iraq and the Levant. But his awkward choice of words to describe a policymaking process still in midstream seems likely to haunt him for some time.
“We absolutely know what is going on here, but we’re going to pretend we don’t, so that we can gossip like jealous little assholes, because that’s easier than working.”
The inartful phrase quickly went viral among right-leaning media outlets and Republican figures, pushing the White House into damage control mode.
DAMAGE CONTROL MODE ENGAGED. Virality! White House aides versus Republican “figures,” whatever the fuck those are.
White House aides immediately went online and on TV to argue that he was simply pointing out that he had yet to settle on new military options for a broader assault on ISIL that has already led to more than 100 airstrikes on the group’s positions in Iraq.
Has someone done “Politico bullshit jargon bingo” yet? If not, can y’all get on that please?
Adrastos, Music, Television
Soul Week: I Can’t Stand Up For Falling Down
It was Declan MacManus aka Elvis Costello’s 60th birthday the other day. I remember when he was an enfant terrible who resembled Buddy Holly. Now he’s an elder statesman who looks like a rabbi. Anyway, here’s a belated get happy birthday to EC.
Back to soul week. I Can’t Stand Up For Falling Down was written by Homer Banks and Allen Jones. It was first recorded in 1967 as a mid-tempo soul torch song by Sam and Dave. Elvis Costello and the Attractions really rocked it up when it popped up on-you guessed it-Get Happy in 1980. It’s always been one of my favorite early EC tunes. As lagniappe, I’ve posted EC and the Boss singing I Can’t Stand Up…on the former’s former Sundance chat show, Spectacle.
First, the Soul Men:
Iberia Parish Sheriff’s Liar’s Office
From Album 5
To Protect and Self-Serve
In light of the murder of Michael Brown, the murder of Victor White is at long last receiving additional scrutiny, though the blue wall is still firmly in place…with an explanation that would be laughably absurd if not for the fact that a young man is dead.
Parish officials, including the coroner, insist that White, after being searched, charged with possession, handcuffed with his hands behind his back, and seat belted into the back of a police cruiser, somehow managed to produce an undetected handgun…and shoot himself.The autopsy, recently released, contradicts the initial police report that White shot himself in the back. It also notes abrasions consistent with being beaten. But…it still lists the cause of death as suicide.
Oh, by the way, otherwise unrelated (but not really unrelated), here’s a photo of Charles Beck in handcuffs. Beck, a film executive/producer, was falsely accused of participating in a Los Angeles robbery last week, and held for hours before officers got the bright idea to compare his appearance to that of the suspect on an HD security video. I dunno, but it sure doesn’t look like his handcuffed hands could do much of anything…
I suppose you could say we’ve advanced somewhat: if I remember, the killers of Emmett Till didn’t even bother to lie. But that’s a damn small step in a half century and hardly any comfort to the victims or their families.
Adrastos, Diary, Film, Pulp Fiction Thursday
Pulp Fiction Thursday: Suddenly
Frank Sinatra was on fire when he made Suddenly. He was hot off his Oscar winning performance in From Here To Eternity. Suddenly is an odd pulpy noir with Sinatra as the villain and Sterling Hayden as a small town Sheriff. Sterling rarely played cops except for crooked ones like Captain McCluskey in The Godfather. Btw, one thing that made me such a film noir fan was first seeing Hayden and Richard Conte in One and then in so many little gems from the Fifties on the teevee machine. All roads in my life that do not lead to The Sopranos lead to The Godfather. Where have you gone, Johnny Fontane?
Adrastos, Film, Music, Television
Soul Week: For The Love Of Money
For The Love Of Money is the song that Donald Trump uses as the theme song for his stupid teevee show, The Apprentice. It’s time to take this great Gamble-Huff-Jackson song back from Malaka Bad Hair. We’ll start off with the O’Jays burning down the house on Soul Train:
Adrastos, Immoral Values, Malakatude, Race, Sports
Malaka Of The Week: ESPN
Those kooky kids at ESPN have been obsessed with the Michael Sam story. It *is* a helluva story but there’s a particular sub-plot that they cannot get enough of:
Sports reporters generally don’t weigh-in on the shower habits of the athletes they cover, but ESPN’s Josina Anderson went there on Tuesday.
During a segment on “SportsCenter,” Anderson was asked how St. Louis Rams rookie defensive end Michael Sam, the first openly gay player to be drafted by an NFL team, was “fitting in” with his teammates.
The reporter then relayed some observations from an anonymous Rams player, who said that Sam might be steering clear of the showers to avoid making his teammates uncomfortable. Langford and Rams linebacker Alec Ogletree, Anderson noted, said they hadn’t paid attention to Sam’s shower routine.
But another Rams defensive player told me that quote Sam is respecting our space and that from his perspective, he seems to think that Michael Sam is waiting to kind of take a shower as not to make his teammates feel uncomfortable while Langford and linebacker Alec Ogletree told me that they didn’t know that specifically and also weren’t tracking that. Now while Langford told me, ‘Listen, I have not been in the shower at the same time as Michael Sam,’ he said that there definitely could be a million reasons as to why that is. He said he could be doing extra work on the practice field, he could be riding his bike, he could be doing extra cardio, but overall Langford said he seems to be adjusting to the life in the NFL and the speed of the game.
ESPN clearly believes there is a cocksucking imperative among gay men. They cannot control themselves when seeing manly bodies and their packages. This is part and parcel of all the gay rape jokes out there. You know the ones I mean: don’t bend over in the shower, prisoners, or you’ll get buggered. Rush Limbaugh is fond of talking about anal rape, which is the clearest indication that it’s not funny. Here’s the deal. It is a completely valid story to inquire as to how well Michael Sam is getting on with his team mates and if they’re accepting him. Discussing whether they shower together is, quite simply, adolescent malakatude. It’s especially disheartening because Ms. Anderson is African-American as you can see in the segment video:
Remember the stereotype about black men being beasts who cannot keep it in their pants? This indirectly feeds into that. If they don’t knock this shit off, they’ll inquire as to whether he’s a top or a bottom. This is not the first time that ESPN has shown a prurient interest in Sam’s hygenic habits, they even ran a story in their magazine about locker room showering. I shit you not. It reminds me of the bad joke Greek-American kids tell at school when they’re 13: “I’m going to malaka.” There are other variations but this is the worst one, which is what this pitiful story deserves.
ESPN needs to grow up and stop beating off over this story. Here’s hoping Keith Olbermann tears his network a new one. He hasn’t been nearly fired since returning.
This just in: ESPN is no longer sticking by the story and has apologized. They should have knocked it off to begin with, and that is why ESPN is malaka of the week.
Adrastos, Album Cover Art, Music
Album Cover Art Wednesday: Garcia
I’ve been going through another Dead phase of late. Anyone surprised? I thought not. I decided to write a bit about Jerry Garcia’s eponymous 1972 solo LP. It’s his first solo outing and his best, featuring a George Raft of songs played live by the little combo he spent most of his time on the road with. Jerry played most of the instruments himself and very well indeed. It was the fad at that point since Macca had just done the same on his own eponymous debut album. Woo.
Bob Seidemann’s cover is an exercise in hippie surrealism. I’m particularly fond of the 4-fingered hand, which is, of course, Jerry’s. The cards are a bow to the poker themed songs Deal and Loser. I don’t think I’d want to play poker with lyricist Robert Hunter: I bet he has an ace or two up his sleeve.
Here’s the album. Yeah, I know, you’re seeing double. What can I say?
Finally, here’s Dave Alvin’s interpretation of Loser from West Of The West, his album of songs about California or by California songwriters:
Art, Athenae, Immoral Values, Law/Justice, Race, So Called Liberal Media
Controversial Artwork
Good for illustrator Mary Engelbreit:
With Brown’s mother in mind, she created the picture of an African American mom holding her young son in her lap. His hands are raised in the familiar gesture of surrender as the two gaze at a newspaper headline that says, “Hands Up! Don’t Shoot.”
There’s a single tear falling from the mother’s eye. Running down the side of the illustration are the words, “No one should have to teach their children this in the USA.”
That, apparently, is a divisive sentiment. IF YOU’RE A FUCKING ASSHOLE:
She posted the information on Facebook and her Web site. Then the onslaught of comments began. “I was shocked by how ugly the comments were,” Engelbreit said. People threatened to boycott her products. Some demanded she give equal time to create an illustration favoring law enforcement. Others resorted to name-calling and epithets.
Because that’s the balance.
Black children and law enforcement are equal opposites.
She should give some space in her artwork to both of those sides.
After all, you can’t care about cops unless you agree that an unarmed black teenager should be shot by one without any outcry whatsoever.
Those are two weights on the scales. Black children, and police officers. Can’t love one without hating the other. I mean Jesus Meyer Lemon Christ.
I always thought Mary Engelbreit’s target market (as distinct from her work) was ladies who get their political news from their hairdressers, so I can’t say I’m surprised by the viciously racist reaction to this mildest of sentiments, this statement that perhaps we shouldn’t have to teach children to surrender before they can talk. Here’s one of the saner responses:
I cannot believe this! I’ve been a fan of ME for so many many years! Love the merrily merrily items — Hence my name! This, unfortunately really rubs me the wrong way! I probably will have to say bye bye ME!
Yes. This is truly a bridge too far. To state, without much rancor, that black children don’t deserve to grow up as if they are de facto enemies of the establishment, that’s what rubs this lady the wrong way. If this is too extreme for her, I wonder where she goes next. What’s the next level down? Did Thomas Kinkade ever advocate for fair housing? What about the Precious Moments kids? Are Beanie Babies apolitical? Or is that stuffed frog up to something?
Adrastos, Fog Of History, Political Crack, So Called Liberal Media, Stupid Republican Tricks, Teabaggery, Television
The Libertarian Second
Earlier this month, the New York Times Magazine ran a piece by Robert Draper positing that the Libertarian moment may have arrived. I was skeptical when I heard of the article, more skeptical when I read it, and my skepticism was confirmed when I read about this Pew poll:
“Libertarian” conjures anti-interventionism in foreign policy and absolutism in civil liberties. Think of Paul’s now-famous filibuster of the nomination of CIA director John Brennan over the possibility of military drones being used on U.S. soil.
But Pew’s research showed striking departures from the expected party line. Libertarians were more likely than the general U.S. population to say that it is better for the United States to have an active role in world affairs, according to the Center.
They even favored stop-and-frisk — the controversial policing tactic — a touch more than the average American, despite civil rights supposedly being one of the cornerstones of the libertarian movement.
Pew dug further into the numbers by looking back at its political typology report from June. Tellingly, out of the seven typologies that Pew identified within U.S. politics, “none closely resembled libertarians, and, in fact, self-described libertarians can be found in all seven,” Kiley wrote. In some of the early versions of the report, there was a group that looked like libertarians. They made up about 5 percent of the U.S. population.
I think the press has confused the Paulites (Paultards in impolite company) with the common garden variety person that calls themselves libertarian. My experience is that most self-described libertarians are really conservatives who are uncomfortable with the religious right and the batshit crazy teanut wing of the GOP. They may be socially moderate and fiscally conservative but they tend to be as the headline on Jim Newell’s post on the Pew poll at Salon pointed out:
Libertarians’ true identity revealed: rich conservatives OK with gay people, basically.
That’s a far cry from swallowing Senator Aqua Buddha’s brogressive agenda. That’s a word Charlie Pierce has pasted on the Junior Senator from Kentucky, and I like it because it’s as nebulous as Paul’s own beliefs. He hates big guvmint except when it involves abortion rights and then he likes it. He has already crawfished on some of the statements he made when the streets of Ferguson, MO were hazy with tear gas. Aqua Buddha is just another conventional politician pretending to be a conviction politician. He’s not going to lure minority voters to the GOP just by speaking at Howard and hanging out with Corey Booker.
I have long experience dealing with educated people who are embarrassed to be associated with the GOP’s knuckledraggers and biblethumpers. They call themselves libertarians when, in fact, they’re conservatives who live in the 21st Century. As a veteran of the 1980’s political scene, I’m getting a kick out of conservativism becoming a toxic label. The same thing happened to the word liberal in the Reagan era, which is why the term progressive was revived. I’m still not crazy about it since some early 20th Century progressives were xenophobic racists who thought eugenics was swell. That’s why I’ve always called myself a liberal, which reminds me of this speech that Laurence O’Donnell never tires of reminding us that he wrote for Jimmy Smits:
As you can tell, I don’t believe for a second that the Libertarian moment has arrived. I think the folks who insist on calling themselves that need a new term. How about Sane Conservatives?
Soul Week: Just My Imagination
I decided to ditch last night’s long title in favor of concision. I’m not known for being concise but I though I’d try it out to keep y’all off balance. Just My Imagination was one of the Temptations best songs and biggest hits. It was written by the crack team of Whitfield and Strong and was produced by Norman Whitfield. He was better known for his hard edged, funky production on tracks like Cloud Nine and Ball Of Confusion but a light touch was required for this wistful and lyrical song. The rock cover is by-who else?- the Rolling Stones. It’s not so much a cover as a re-interpretation, which the best cover versions always are. I threw in a swell Jazz take on this Motown classic by Dianne Reeves just for the hell of it.
First, the Temptations featuring Eddie Kendricks with the main vocal and Paul Williams singing the bridge:
The picture on the video is of an earlier version of the Temps but I wanted the studio version. What can I tell ya?
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Are Democrats Overachieving in the Senate?
Oct. 26, 2010 , at 7:37 AM
It’s looking increasingly likely that Democrats will hold the Senate but not the House, although upsets in either chamber remain possible.
In recent days, I’ve heard a lot of speculation about why this is so. Common answers are that the personalities of the candidates matter more in the Senate (this is possibly true: partisan crossover is about 15 percent in Senate races, versus about 10 percent in the House, which might indicate that voters scrutinize the candidates more carefully), that the G.O.P. has a comparatively weaker set of candidates in the Senate (I think this is actually much more debatable than it seems), or some combination thereof.
These explanations are really missing the boat. Sometimes, the reason for something is so obvious that it becomes easy to miss; this may be one of those times.
The reason that Democrats are most likely to hold the Senate but not the House — the necessary and sufficient reason — is because only one-third of the Senate is up for re-election every two years. If the whole Senate were up for re-election next week, Democrats would lose it and lose it badly.
Take a look at our Senate forecast map. There’s a lot of red there. Part of that, yes, is because Republicans tend to do better in the middle of the country where the states are physically larger — but that kind of misses the point.
Right now, among the 37 Senate elections, we have Republicans favored in 25, Democrats favored in 11, and one (Colorado) that’s too close to call. If Democrats have a relatively good election night, they will win about one-third of the available Senate races. And if anything, the states that are voting for Senate this year are slightly blue-leaning. If the entire Senate were up for re-election in this political climate, the Republicans would be favored to earn a filibuster-proof majority, and might even earn a veto-proof majority! Fortunately for Democrats, that’s not how the system works. (Maybe some of our readers could go though the list of 63 senators that are not up for re-election and guess which ones they’d expect to lose if they were. It could be kind of fun.)
By comparison, in the House, where everyone is up for re-election every two years, Republicans appear most likely to win something like 53 percent of available seats. The fraction could conceivably approach 60 percent if they have a really terrific night, or it could be a bit below 50 if the Democrats overperform their polls and hold the House. But the Republicans almost without doubt will win a higher fraction of the available Senate seats (and probably also the available governors’ seats, although that could be a lot closer) than they will in the House.
Now, you also can’t go to the other extreme and suggest that Democrats are actually underachieving in the Senate, because Senate seats — which represent entire states — are a little bit more heterogeneous than House seats, which are often highly gerrymandered. The Senate seat that is in the 75th percentile on the spectrum from red to blue is something like Maine or Washington or New Jersey, which is about 5 percentage points more Democratic than the country as a whole. The 75th percentile House seat is something like Michigan’s Fifth Congressional District or California’s 39th or Colorado’s Second, which is about 10 or 11 points more Democratic. The typical Senate seat is a lot ‘swingier’ than the typical House district.
If you adjusted for this, I’d expect you’d find that the Democrats are performing about on par in each chamber, losing most (although not all) swing districts, some (although certainly not most) blue-leaning districts, and almost all (although not absolutely all) red-leaning districts.
Now, this is not to suggest that Republicans don’t have some “candidate quality” problems in the Senate. They do. I think you can argue, for instance, that Generic Republican should beat Generic Democrat in a state like Colorado in a political climate like this one, when in fact the race is about tied there. Generic Republican would probably also be favored over Generic Democrat in Nevada, and would almost certainly be favored over the nongeneric (and very unpopular) Harry Reid, but the race is tight there, too. Even in Kentucky, which Rand Paul seems likely to win, the race would probably not be within 5 or 6 points in an environment like this one had the Republicans picked a more orthodox nominee.
But the Democrats also have some candidate quality problems, even if their candidates do not tend to commit the made-for-cable-TV-news gaffes that someone like a Rand Paul or a Sharron Angle does. My hunch is that Shelley Berkely would probably be crushing Ms. Angle in Nevada were she on the ballot in place of Mr. Reid; Lisa Madigan would probably have a clear lead over Mark Kirk in Illinois; there are even states like Arizona — where John McCain’s approval ratings are actually quite poor — in which an absolutely top-tier Democratic nominee might have made a competitive race. And meanwhile, the Republicans have some strong candidates, including both establishment choices like Rob Portman in Ohio and John Hoeven in North Dakota, and antiestablishment ones like Marco Rubio in Florida (a Tea Partier), and probably even Ron Johnson in Wisconsin (another Tea Partier), who has run a really smart campaign, although he’s not quite out of the woods yet against the incumbent, Russ Feingold.
Senate (283 posts) 2010 Midterm Elections (93) Tea Party (30)
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After 60 million years of extreme living, seabirds are crashing
September 29, 2015 December 23, 2019 Supertrooper News, Wildlife
Every day for sixty million years, seabirds have performed mind-boggling acts of derring-do: circumnavigating the globe without rest, diving more than 200 meters in treacherous seas for a bite of lunch, braving the most unpredictable weather on the planet as if it were just another Tuesday and finding their way home in waters with few, if any, landmarks.
But now seabirds, like so many other species, may have met their match.
Conservationists have long known that many seabird populations are in decline, but a recent paper in PLOS ONE finds the situation worse than anticipated.
The Arctic Tern (Sterna paradisaea) undertakes the longest known migration of any animal, travelling from the Arctic to the Antarctic and back each year. The IUCN Red List considers the species as Least Concern, but its population is in decline. Photograph: Ben Lascelles/Birdlife International
According to the researchers, seabird abundance has dropped 69.7% in just 60 years – representing the deaths of some 230 million animals.
“I was very surprised with the result, it was considerably greater than I’d expected,” said Edd Hammill, co-author of the paper, with Utah State University. “What we should take away from this is that something is serious amiss in the oceans.”
The Brown Booby (Sula leucogaster) is listed as Least Concern and is found throughout the pantropical oceans. However some populations are suspected to be in decline owing to disturbance and unsustainable levels of exploitation. Photograph: Ben Lascelles/Birdlife International
Ben Lascelles, a Senior Marine Officer with Birdlife International, who was not involved in the study, said he found the research alarming because the decline appeared practically indiscriminate, hitting a “large number of species across a number of families.”
Seabirds, which include any bird that depends largely on the marine environment, comprise nearly 350 species worldwide – an astonishing variety of extreme-loving birds. For example, the indefatigable wandering albatross, which sports the largest wingspan on the planet; the child-sized Emperor penguin, the only bird that breeds during the Antarctic winter; and the tiny storm petrel that practically capers on the water as it feeds – they are named for St. Peter after all.
But, given that seabirds inhabit both the open ocean and the shoreline, this eclectic mix of birds faces a litany of threats: overfishing, drowning in fishing lines or nets, plastic pollution, invasive species like rats in nesting areas, oil and gas development and toxic pollution moving up the food chain. And as if these weren’t enough, the double-whammy of climate change and ocean acidification threatens to flood nesting sites and disrupt food sources.
“Seabirds are particularly good indicators of the health of marine ecosystems,” explained lead author, Michelle Paleczny with the University of British Columbia and the Sea Around Us Project. “When we see this magnitude of seabird decline, we can see there is something wrong with marine ecosystems. It gives us an idea of the overall impact we’re having.”
Bu with such a large number of species across such a wide variety of environment one is left asking: how did the scientists count so many birds?
Counting Birds
First, the team of researchers scoured all the population data on seabirds available. They found demographic data on 3,213 populations. But they couldn’t use all of theses counts, since conservationists had surveyed many of these far-flung populations just once or twice – not enough to show a real trend
The team eventually selected 513 populations that had been counted at least five times. In all, these populations represented about 19 percent of the world’s seabirds.
Still, Hammil said he believes the team’s findings “are an accurate representation of what is happening worldwide.”
He added, “although we did not include every population, all seabird families were included, and we included populations from every major coastline in the world.”
Paleczny also said that when the researchers looked at the differences between monitored and unmonitored populations, they saw “no evidence that the monitored populations are declining more.”
The Near Threatened Black-footed Albatross (Phoebastria nigripes) is a species at risk of accidental bycatch in fisheries of the North Pacific. However, simple mitigation measures have proved to be very effective at keeping seabirds off the hooks. Photograph: Ben Lascelles/Birdlife International
The findings are also bolstered by past research. In 2012 a paper in Bird Conservation International found that 28 percent of seabird species are threatened with extinction with 47 percent in decline. This meant, in all, seabirds were about twice as likely as land-based birds to be threatened with extinction.
“The trends for many seabird species have clearly been downwards for a number of years, and this paper provides further evidence of this,” Lascelles said.
Still, Paleczny and Hammil’s research arguably paints an even more alarming picture of the state of the world’s seabirds. For example, according to them, the tern family has fallen by 85%, frigatebirds by 81%, petrels and shearwaters by 79%, and albatrosses by 69%.
Such dismal findings point to one of the study’s patterns: open ocean birds – such as albatrosses, frigatebirds, petrels and shearwaters – are generally faring worse than birds that stick near the coasts.
“[Open-ocean] seabirds are hit especially hard due to their large geographic ranges. Because these species travel so far, there is a greater chance they will encounter threats,” said Hammill who noted that coastal birds “in some cases” are doing better because of improved management of breeding areas and improved fishing gear.
But even when threats were minimised, Lascelles noted that recovery requires diligence and patience.
A gannet grabs a fish by its beak, 2014, in Shetland, Scotland. Gannets, and other seabirds, depend on abundant fish populations to survive. Photograph: Richard Shucksmith/BarcroftMedia/Richard Shucksmith/BarcroftMedia
“Most seabirds are long-lived and slow reproducing, this means even quite small increases in mortality can lead to significant population declines, which they take a long time to recover from.”
And even some widely-dispersed coastal birds are undergoing heavy declines. For example, the study found that cormorant and shag populations have fallen by 73%.
Given all the threats facing the world’s seabirds, it’s fair to ask: where do we start when it comes to conservation?
“We already have solutions to many of the threats…it’s just they need scaling up and implementing across industries and geographies,” Lascelles said. “Increased efforts should be made to rid seabird colonies of invasive species, reduce bycatch in fisheries or the ensnaring of birds in fish nets, and setting up conservation areas.”
Laysan Albatross adult and chick on nest dwarfed by pile of marine debris collected on Midway Atoll coast by volunteers. Plastic poses a major threat to the world’s seabirds and other marine species. The Laysan Albatross is categorised as Near Threatened by the IUCN Red List. Photograph: Alamy
Paleczny also called for the creation of international marine protected areas to cover the wide ranges of seabirds.
Protected areas in the oceans lag far behind those on land. Currently, only 2% of the world’s oceans are under some form of protection and less than half of those ban fishing altogether. In contrast, nearly 15% of the world’s terrestrial landscape is protected.
With so little of the ocean theoretically closed to fisheries – less than 1% – it’s hardly shocking that many seabirds are suffering from overfishing. Indeed, an illuminating study from 2012 found that whenever fish abundance dropped below one-third of maximum levels, seabird populations began to fall in response.
“What this is saying is that [seabirds] have evolved to exploit average to above-average feeding conditions,” co-author Ian Boyd told Mongabay in 2012. “This isn’t really very surprising, but some things don’t become obvious until the evidence is right in front of you.”
At the time, Boyd said their findings should result in a new campaign to save “one third for the birds” (and other marine predators) from the world’s fisheries.
But to Hammill the “most pressing issue” is plastic pollution.
Long neglected by environmentalists – perhaps due to the intractability of the problem – the issue of plastic pollution in the oceans has been slowly getting more notice. A paper released last month found that 90% of the world’s seabirds likely have plastic in their stomachs.
“I have seen everything from cigarette lighters…to bottle caps to model cars. I’ve found toys [inside seabird guts],” co-author Denise Hardesty, with CSIRO, told the Associated Press.
Seabirds continually mistake plastic for fish eggs, devouring large amounts. Plastic in animals’ stomachs not only release deadly toxins, but can also lead to slow starvation by obstructing the animals’ bowels. Birds even feed plastic bits to their young, killing their fledglings en masse.
In the end, large-scale actions to help seabirds could also go a long way in cleaning-up our increasingly trashed marine ecosystems.
“The oceans are still woefully under protected and fisheries need greater management and enforcement. All of these activities need investment and support of governments around the world to make them happen,” Lascelles said. “These actions will build resilience in the seabird populations in the short term, which they need in the face of emerging threats such as climate change.”
No other bird breeds further south than the Near Threatened Adelie Penguin (Pygoscelis adeliae). Numbers are increasing in the Ross Sea region and decreasing in the Peninsula region, with the net global population increasing overall. But other penguin species aren’t faring so well. Photograph: Ben Lascelles/Birdlife International
The accidental bycatch of huge numbers of seabirds in a variety of fisheries (e.g. longline, trawl, gillnets) is one of the main threat facing seabirds and has driven the declines in many species, particularly albatross. However a number of simple mitigation measures are available, and where they have been implemented the reduction in bycatch has been dramatic. Photograph: Ben Lascelles/Birdlife International
The razorbill (Alca torda) is a member of the puffin family restricted to the North Atlantic. They nest on rocky cliff faces in huge colonies, in some location reduction in sandeel, their main prey item, has caused reduced productivity and declines. Photograph: Ben Lascelles/Birdlife International
This article was first published by The Guardian on 22 Sep 2015.
Brown Booby Gannet penguin Razorbill Shag Shearwater terns
Feed a fishery, starve a seabird
No escape - Unsustainable European fishing practices harm seabirds
Ambitious plan to remove "mega-mice" to save millions of seabirds
New report: South Africa’s seabirds, raptors in serious decline
A world without puffins? The uncertain fate of the much-loved seabirds
Thank you for this concerning and thought-provoking article
Karen Crawford
The accidental bycatch of huge numbers of seabirds in a variety of fisheries (eg. longline, trawl, gillnets ) is one of the main threat facing seabirds and has driven the decline in many species. " It raises the question how could seabirds end up as bycatch in one of these types of nets ? As horrifying as this is, seagulls are not the only sentient beings that end up as bycatch a convenient term that fisherman use to talk about other animals, fish that get tangled up and drown in their horrible nets.
Pelagic Trip from Black Point Marina, 9/20/2014
The Future of Us
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Monosodium Glutamate (MSG) – the facts
Here are the facts about MSG
Media reports have implied that monosodium glutamate (MSG) is ‘unsafe’ and can trigger allergic reactions in some people and may cause Attention Deficit Disorder or hyperactivity in children. These reports may be misleading and are not supported by scientific evidence.
MSG has been used to enhance food flavours for many years, and has been thoroughly researched. However, primarily due to non-scientific reporting, it is a commonly misunderstood flavour enhancer.
Although allergic reactions to environmental allergens such as pollen are common, occurrence of an allergic reaction to food and food ingredients is less common. Research (Journal of the American Medical Association, 1993) indicates that although up to 30 percent of adults believe they have a food allergy, in reality less than two percent of the adult population is allergic to foods or food additives. Reactions to MSG are uncommon and have not been proven to be due to an allergy, but as a result of food intolerances. However, in a few individuals with allergies, especially asthma, their illness could be triggered or exacerbated by MSG.
MSG is the sodium salt of glutamic acid, which is an amino acid found in most proteins. It is produced by a natural fermentation process from sugar cane molasses, sugar beet, starch or corn sugar. It is a component of common foods such as milk (including breast milk), meat, fish and certain vegetables. Free (uncombined) glutamic acid and its salt, sodium glutamate, are also natural components of many foodstuffs.
The body makes no distinction between ‘free’ and ‘bound’ glutamate. Glutamate exists in the ‘bound’ form when linked with other amino acids to form proteins. It is also found in nature in the ‘free’ form, not linked to protein but present in plant and animal tissues. It is ‘free’ glutamate which plays a role in palatability and acceptability of foods. Foods that contain high levels of glutamate include cheese, ripe tomatoes and mushrooms. The average person consumes between 10 and 20 grams of bound glutamate and one gram of free glutamate daily while the human body itself also manufactures free glutamate continuously. Glutamate is also the precursor of the important amino acid, glutamine, which plays an essential role in the immune system as well as for the maintenance of the health of the small intestine.
Glutamate, in the form of MSG added to food, is metabolised by the body in the same way as glutamate that naturally exists in food. Once digested the body does not differentiate between the origins of the glutamate. For example, the body is not capable of distinguishing between glutamate naturally occurring in tomatoes and MSG which may have been added to tomato sauce.
For food manufacturers to label products ‘No MSG Added’ is misleading as it implies that there is a distinction between ‘free’ glutamate and ‘bound’ glutamate and that the added form is in some way ‘unsafe’. This misleading information leads to wrong perceptions among consumers.
This view is endorsed by the American Food and Drug Administration (FDA) which disallows the labelling of foods ‘No MSG’ or ‘No Added MSG’ because it is misleading, if the foods contain ingredients that are sources of free glutamates (FDA Report August, 1995). In South Africa, legislation requires that all foods with added MSG must list the ingredient as monosodium glutamate. However, additional labelling legislation is desirable which will prohibit manufacturers of foods that contain free glutamate from including misleading information on their labels, influencing consumers negatively.
Since 1958, the US FDA has designated MSG as a Generally Regarded as Safe (GRAS) ingredient along with many other foodstuffs such as salt, vinegar and baking powder, confirming MSG’s safety for the general population, including pregnant and lactating women, and children.
F.A.C.S. Scientific Director. 2009.
The FACS objective is to provide consumers with scientifically correct information on food and nutrition issues. Articles are written by trained technical food and nutrition professionals who source information from respectable scientific sources throughout the world. The Service is administered by SAAFoST – a non-profit organisation for food scientists and other technical food professionals. Information from FACS articles, identified as such in the article index, can be freely used on condition that the source is acknowledged. See www.foodfacts.org.za for further details and articles or call SANCU on weekdays between 08:30 and 12:00 for more information: Tel: +-27-12- 428 7122 / fax: +27 (0) 86 672 8585
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Marc Aspinall’s ‘Rushmore’
January 29, 2019 April 3, 2019 by Chris Jalufka
Filmmaker Wes Anderson’s 1998 film Rushmore is a minor epic. The film is a coming-of-age story for 15-year-old Max Fisher as well as the 50-something industrialist Herman Blume. At the center sits Max’s teacher Rosemary Cross, a beacon of peace weighed down by the death of her husband. In Rushmore, Anderson’s fervent whimsy is on display, a blown-out silliness that first showed itself in his debut film Bottle Rocket and has since become a hallmark of the Anderson universe that has become a genre unto itself.
For a film visually rich with ideas, characters, and set pieces, there is plenty for an artist to pull from, and for his poster for Anderson’s Rushmore, British illustrator Marc Aspinall kept his focus on Anderson’s core theme of unrequited love. The triangle of infatuation between Fisher, Cross, and Blume is one based in both playfulness and deep-seated pain. Aspinall poses the trio in a Rockwellian composition — the saintly Cross, the boyishness of both Fisher and Blume, the battling would-be-suitors, at either side of the ring.
Aspinall avoided the trope of simply recreating a moment from the film in his artistic style. The poster is peppered with references to Max Fisher, the playwright and stage director. The bees from the theater wire, while not a moment that happened in the film as depicted, is itself a reference to Max’s desire to create magic on stage and the viciousness he enacted (i.e., placing a swarm of bees in Blume’s hotel room) with his strained goal of removing Blume as a combatant for the love of Mrs. Cross.
At the forefront of the poster is the tape — that T made of white gaffer’s tape. The mark for the actor to hit, because, in the end, Rushmore is about Max’s desire to create the perfect version of himself and his life. The world is his stage and he is only playing the role of an over-achiever, of a mature lover, of a sophisticated member of academia.
‘Rushmore’ by Marc Aspinall
Marc Aspinall’s Rushmore is a 24″ x 36″ screenprint with a limited edition of APs available from a private commission.
To purchase visit his shop.
Art, Brief Looks, Film, For Sale, Illustration, Posters
Art, bill murray, illustration, marc aspinall, poster, rushmore, screenprint, wes anderson
Support the Artist
Visit Marc Aspinall's Shop
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Wisconsin wants to lower drinking age to 19
by: fox8webcentral
Posted: Nov 9, 2017 / 06:25 AM EST / Updated: Nov 9, 2017 / 06:25 AM EST
MADISON, Wisconsin — A trio of lawmakers in Wisconsin wants to lower the drinking age to 19.
According to WISC-TV in Madison, Republican state representatives Adam Jarchow, Cindi Duchow, and Rob Swearingen — the former Tavern League president — are sponsoring the bill.
“I think generally speaking that consenting adults should be able to engage in these kinds of activities without the government getting in the way,” Jarchow said. “I see no reason why we can send young men and women off to war but they can’t have a beer.”
The proposed law, which is in the early stages, will only go into effect if Wisconsin doesn’t lose federal highway funding as a result, the sponsors said.
“Part of the campaign promises that were made by the republicans in Congress and President Trump was that they were pro federalism, meaning they were pro-devolving federal power back to the states,” Jarchow said.
*Click to read more from our sister station WITI
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Tag Archives: Monte Urgull
Islamic State: “We Will Take Spain Back”
Radical Muslims in Spain have launched a social media campaign aimed at generating support for the jihadist group Islamic State [IS].
The campaign involves posters that include images of famous Spanish landmarks and monuments emblazoned with Arabic slogans such as, “We are all the Islamic State” and “Long Live the Islamic State.”
One poster includes an image of the medieval Islamic Aljafería Palace in the Spanish city of Zaragoza and the black flag associated with the IS. Another uses an image of the famous La Concha beach in the Basque city of San Sebastián. Yet another includes an image of the statue of Jesus Christ on Monte Urgull in San Sebastián, with the Arabic words “Al-Andalus Country” instead of “Basque Country.”
Al-Andalus is the Arabic name given to those parts of Spain, Portugal and France that were occupied by Muslim conquerors (also known as the Moors) from 711 to 1492. As the Basque Country is surrounded by mountains, however, the Moors never succeeded in occupying it.
The poster campaign comes after IS jihadists produced a video in which they vow to liberate al-Andalus from non-Muslims and make it part of their new Islamic Caliphate.
The video shows a jihadist speaking in Spanish with a heavy North African accent. He says:
“I say to the entire world as a warning: We are living under the Islamic flag, the Islamic caliphate. We will die for it until we liberate those occupied lands, from Jakarta to Andalusia. And I declare: Spain is the land of our forefathers and we are going to take it back with the power of Allah.“
1 Comment Posted in Europe, France, Iraq, Islam, Middle East, National Security & Terrorism, Politics, Religion, Spain, Syria Tagged 1979 Great Islamic Revolution, Al-Andalus Country, American European Jihadists in Syria Raise New Domestic Terror Fears, Basque city, Basque Country, black flag, Christians, europe, Fernández Díaz, France, Francisco Martínez, global jihad, grave jihadist threat, Iraq, ISIS, Islam, Islamic Aljafería Palace, islamic caliphate, islamic law, Islamic state, Islamic State: "We Will Take Spain Back", La Concha beach, Long Live the Islamic State, Monte Urgull, Moors, Morocco, Muslim conquerors, Muslim rule, National Security & Terrorism, politics, Portugal, radical islam, radical muslims, religion, San Sebastián, Spain, Spanish landmarks, Syria, Zaragoza
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Home » News » SPY AGENCIES ARE SNOOPING ON ENVIROS AROUND THE WORLD
SPY AGENCIES ARE SNOOPING ON ENVIROS AROUND THE WORLD
Feb 26, 2015 by Casey Coates Danson
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By John Light GRIST
Another week, another instance comes to light of governments targeting peaceful environmental activists. This latest document leak finds that South Korea asked for an assessment from South Africa of whether Greenpeace International Executive Director Kumi Naidoo constituted a “security threat against the president of South Africa during the G20 summit to be held in South Korea.”
The cables are part of a leaked cache from South Africa’s spy agency that shows efforts by a number of countries to keep close tabs on dissenters. The request was made in the run-up to the 2010 summit, and listed Naidoo alongside two other “dangerous persons” who were later arrested during a terrorist raid in Pakistan. In an otherwise unamusing document, Naidoo’s first name is amusingly misspelled “Kimi.”
Another document in the cache alluded to some sort of cooperative effort between the CIA and intelligence agencies in the U.K., Australia, and South Africa “to provide the CIA with a deeper understanding of the potential for ramping up renewable and clean energy in key parts of the world and a better understanding of the collection capabilities and interests on renewables in the UK, South Africa and Australia.” From The Guardian:
The reasons for the CIA’s interest are not clear. It may see climate change as a potential source of conflict and want to explore possible consequences. Some see a potentially more sinister motivation.
A senior US climate scientist, Alan Robock, based at Rutgers University in New Jersey, expressed concern this month that the CIA and other intelligence agencies were funding climate change research to learn if new technologies could be used as potential weapons.
The document casting Naidoo as a potential terroristic threat puts South Korea among a host of governments recently discovered to be targeting Greenpeace. The Indian government cracked down on the group, as well as other international environmental NGOs, ahead of Obama’s recent visit to the country, and the Royal Canadian Mounted Police, irked by the group’s anti-Keystone activism, named Greenpeace alongside the Sierra Club and Tides Canada in a leaked document outlining potentially violent threats to Canadian infrastructure.
Environmental activists have also faced some heat in the States recently. Grist’s own Heather Smith wrote last month that FBI agents have been paying visits to anti-Keystone activists, asking for information while also saying that there’s no investigation underway. Bloomberg reported this week that the intelligence behind those FBI visits could be coming from TransCanada, the company that wants to build the Keystone XL pipeline. Reporter Isaac Arnsdorf writes that local authorities along the pipeline’s route had been warned that homegrown extremists were targeting the project:
That risk assessment, laid out in documents obtained through open-records requests, wasn’t provided by law enforcement. It was provided by TransCanada Corp., the Calgary-based company that has waged a long campaign to sell America on Keystone XL and the Canadian crude it would carry. President Barack Obama vetoed Congress’s approval of extending the pipeline, but the fight is far from over.
Few understand the threats facing corporations better than corporations, and few could argue with putting safety first. Yet the alarms TransCanada raised in Nebraska … were part of a broad campaign for Keystone XL, the documents suggest. Time and again, in private e-mails and closed-door meetings with federal, state and local law enforcement, the Canadian company characterized peaceful opponents engaged in constitutionally protected protest as dangerous radicals or worse. …
TransCanada representatives have met with law-enforcement officers in at least two states. Hundreds of pages of meeting logs, police e-mails and other documents obtained by Bloomberg suggest TransCanada provided intelligence on protesters’ activities and, at times, helped guide law enforcement’s response.
Kumi “Kimi” Naidoo, for his part, said he wasn’t particularly surprised that spy agencies were keeping tabs on him. “Sadly, the assumption that we make, especially after the Edward Snowden leaks and the Wikileaks information came out, is that we are heavily monitored and under constant surveillance,” he told Al Jazeera. “But it’s one thing assuming that it’s happening; it’s a little numbing and chilling to have it confirmed.”
Improving Racial Equity Through Greener Design
GREENPEACE INTERNATIONAL
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Miles Teller On Flight Training For ‘Top Gun: Maverick’ And Working With Tom Cruise
November 26, 2020 November 26, 2020 11 min read ASNF
Miles Teller is no stranger to a little buzz. Since making his mark in Whiplash, the actor has always managed to stay a part of the “ones to watch” conversation. So it is no surprise that he is also involved in the most highly-anticipated movie of the decade: Top Gun: Maverick.
“There is no green screen in a Top Gun movie,” says Teller to Men’s Journal. “Every shot, every stunt, was the result of the work, the real sweat, that we all put into it. The production was over the course of a full year, which was definitely the longest shoot I have ever been a part of.”
Teller assures us that Maverick, now scheduled to release summer of 2021, will be worth the wait for all of those Top Gun fans. The actor decompressed after the intense filming by taking a trip out to Finland late last year with the founders of The Long Drink, the canned-cocktail company he recently became a co-owner and ambassador for. Now he is back to work, and back in the gym, preparing for prison drama Spiderhead with Chris Hemsworth.
We discussed flight training, living on an aircraft carrier, prepping for the next gig, and how a good Finnish sauna-cocktail mix is a great form of recovery.
Once you knew you had the Top Gun gig, when did the flight training start?
I had about three months of flight training before starting the movie. That time was important to get comfortable with the crafts but also to build up our G-force tolerance, because all of the aerial elements were shot practically. The training started in a Cessna, and moved to an Extra 300, a single-prop aerobatics craft, where you start to improve your G-tolerance. From there we got into an L-39 Albatros, flying with these guys called The Patriots, who are the civilian equivalent to the Blue Angels.
Right off the bat, I am flying this fucking plane myself with The Patriots in formation with three other planes around, which just felt insane. I had one jet right above me, so close, and then planes on both wings, then we did a loop while holding that formation. I was holding the stick, and I landed the plane as well.
I stepped out of the craft and said, “Guys, we just met, there is no way you should trust me that much.” I wouldn’t have trusted me.
How did it feel to get up in that F-18?
They would have me go up in a F-18 for an hour or hour and a half, pulling anywhere around seven-and-a-half Gs. Getting to fly around with the best naval aviators in the world.
The F-18 is just a completely different beast. Every element of our training came into play during those sequences, all of the breathing techniques and tolerances. Every single day of the shoot we were really getting after it, up until the very last day people were fainting and puking.
Did you have any additional training that you had to do before getting into a cockpit?
Before we got into the jets, we had to pass the Naval Aviation Survival Training course in San Diego. You learn all the protocols you need to go through if you ever have to eject over the ocean. They drag you across the water, they flip you on your bag, they want to see you able to get out of your harness and much more. That all leads up to the big test they put you through, which is called “The Dunker,” where they put you into a modified helicopter, strap you to a chair, and then submerge this tank underwater.
They blindfold you. Give you a chance to grab your last breath and then they take you down under the surface. Once you are under, they start to flip the tank and you have to prove you can go through the right operations to get out, as calmly as possible. Your partner is in there with you, and together you have to break open the hatch. It feels like some sort of torture chamber to a degree.
Miles Teller Courtesy Image
What was it like to film those flight sequences?
There was a lot that went into each of the flight scenes. Before we would shoot, we would go into a briefing like the military does, going over each movement and stunt very specifically––what the altitude is going to be, what our speed is going to be.
The stakes are incredibly high, even if you are not actually flying the fighter jet, you need to be aware of every movement, because if the camera is pointed at you and you are even a millisecond off as far as timing, the whole scene is a bust. That means everything from the motion to the eye-line has to be perfect. This is especially the case when it comes to dogfighting, because there are so many factors you need to take into account.
I know you have a strong connection to the military and have portrayed service members before like in Thank You For Your Service. What did it feel like to be a part of a franchise that is such a massive one in terms of public awareness?
The military is in my family, so portraying what they do comes with a special seriousness. I grew up in a pretty small town in Florida, and it was one of those schools where recruiters were around pretty often. That wasn’t the path that I took, but a lot of my close friends did go into the military. Portraying these service members and knowing what they sacrifice gives you a real respect for the life.
I think there is no doubt a divide between active military and civilians these days, as well as veterans. There has been a lot of compassion lost for these military members as well, so if this movie can bring back any of that, it would be well worth it.
What was it like to get to film on an aircraft carrier with actual Navy crew?
I was on one of the aircraft carriers for about two weeks. Doing that really made me empathic to their daily life really made me want to bring that reality to the screen. Being on the carrier itself was gnarly, being in such tight corners. Not that it feels as compact as a submarine, but walking through the quarters, you felt how close that you are to your crew mates constantly.
There are definitely days where you may go without seeing the sun. That was our experience too. There is no way that we could have done this movie without the Navy. The pilots were doing part of their training while they were on the carrier with us, so they were working to pass the qualifications for landing and taking off on a carrier at the time. The mornings on the carrier were early, because we were only getting a few-hour window to film before they started their workday. That would usually be sometime between 6 to 8 in the morning.
How did it feel to witness the fighter pilots at work on the carrier?
I mean is really incredible to see how precise these guys can be when they are flying a rocket. The United States has the only naval entity that launches and catches jets on the carrier.
I will say it is not great for sleeping, because it almost seemed like they were taking off all hours of the night. I was bunking up with Glen Powell. During the night we would just be lying there and you would hear explosions of jet fuel and machines colliding with the deck. Everything on the ship is shaking.
What was that like as far as team building for the cast?
I think the cast got close during that time, going through an experience like that really brings people together. Being there in a highly demanding environment, away from the usual distractions or comforts. It was a bonding experience.
On that note, what was it like working with the man himself, Tom Cruise?
Going in, you know how hard he is going to work. Everyone knows the legend and it’s all legit. He elevates everyone around him. He is so dialed into the details that he not only knows every element of his job, but he knows what is going on in every department, from props to wardrobe. He’s a machine.
How do you think people are going to react to the final product?
Playing Goose’s kid and getting to continue that storyline that was established in such a powerful way all those years ago, there is a lot of history there. I think when audience realizes the character I play is that tiny kid they saw in the original, it is going to hit. I was able to see it a couple weeks ago. The movie just blew me away, and my wife said, “That might be the best film I have ever seen.” She was crying multiple times.
I don’t think it would be possible to recreate what we did with all of the practical flying. You hope to be part of something that lasts forever. I think that we might have done that. It is fun, entertaining, emotional, and high-octane. There is a lot of heart in the story, and I can’t wait for people to see it. For fans of the original, I think they are going to be grinning from ear-to-ear the whole time. This is going to give them what they want.
Did you guys get any off-time to relax and cut it up in a bar like they do in the original?
The naval aviators have a saying: “twelve hours, bottle to throttle”. That is just supposed to get across that you need that amount of time from having a beverage to being flight ready. There were a few times where I had a week or two off and I was in scenarios where I would have really liked to crack a few beers. Or have a Long Drink.
I was at this wedding in Orange County, and I wanted to enjoy it. I was drinking and dancing into the night, but I ended up having to flight train the next morning. It was like 100 degrees and we were doing all of these aerial acrobatics. There is nothing worse than being hung over and pulling G force. It was horrible.
I heard you had a pretty epic trip to Finland with The Long Drink guys.
It was awesome. I brought a couple of buddies with me. I had never really been to that part of the world in that way. The Fins are a lot of fun. They love saunas and they love karaoke. I don’t know if they have a bar that doesn’t have karaoke, because it felt like every one we walked into, someone would start singing eventually.
It is also like the sauna capitol of the world. They would get it up to 200 degrees and then start beating you with eucalyptus leaves. Once it got too hot, we jumped into the Baltic Sea, which was like 38 degrees or something like that. It was a great recovery and felt awesome.
How did you get involved with the company? It is a solid drink, and the fact that it was born out of the 1952 Olympics in Helsinki, it’s got a cool backstory.
I agree. It all really came about after I tried it while I was out in New York. I wanted to learn more, and eventually met the founders. They are a great group of guys. I wasn’t seeking out anything like this, coming on-board as an owner and ambassador. I have gotten those calls before, and never really was compelled to do it. But for this one, I feel like if my name can help get it out there, I am down for that.
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Sandi Toksvig quits The Great British Bake Off after three years
The Great British Bake Off • Sandi Toksvig • Noel Fielding • Prue Leith
Sandi Toksvig is to leave the hit Channel 4 series The Great British Bake Off. The 61-year-old broadcaster is exiting the show after three years to “focus on other work projects”, according to the channel. Toksvig – who joined Bake Off in 2017 alongside comic Noel Fielding – also presents the BBC quiz show QI, and previously hosted The News Quiz on Radio 4. She has also written novels and plays, founded the Women’s Equality Party in 2015, and will host a forthcoming series for Channel 4, The Write Offs, in which illiterate adults take part in a spelling bee.
In a statement, Danish-born Toksvig celebrated her time on the baking show, joking that it was all-consuming “as my waistline will testify”. She described working with Fielding and judges Prue Leith and Paul Hollywood as “one of the great pleasures of my life … these are friendships which I know will continue beyond the confines of television” and added that Bake Off was a “wonderful programme which has already proved it can happily withstand a change of hosting personnel. The reason for that, of course, is that the true stars of the show are the bakers themselves.”
Bake Off was hosted by comedians Mel Giedroyc and Sue Perkins between 2010 and 2016, when it was broadcast on the BBC, first on BBC Two and later, as its popularity surged, on BBC One. It moved to Channel 4 in a £75m deal, after the BBC refused to pay programme-makers Love Productions £25m a year to keep the show.
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Toksvig had been a “huge part of why Bake Off’s move to Channel 4 has been such a success”, says Channel 4’s director of programmes, Ian Katz. “We will miss her warmth and wit, not to mention her endless willingness to be the butt of jokes about being the least tall person in the Bake Off tent.” Katz said Toksvig would continue to have an “important presence on the channel with new shows in development – none of which involve cake”.
Fielding paid tribute to his colleague in a post on Instagram: “Good double acts are a rare and magical beast! I’m gonna miss Sandi comically and personally but i also know we were lucky to have her for 3 amazing years! Wish you all the best in your next adventures x x love Noel x.” He added on Twitter: “I feel like Tom without Jerry! Mick without a Keef.”
Hollywood said in a statement that it has “been great fun working with Sandi”, adding: “We will miss her but I hope that she will get time to visit us in the tent when we film later this year. She will always be part of the Bake Off family.” In a separate post, Leith described her as “a brilliant host and enormous fun”.
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Bake Off remains one of Channel 4’s most popular shows despite viewing figures falling markedly since it first aired 10 years ago. 6.9 million viewers tuned in to the last series finale, compared to 7.3 million for the first series on Channel 4 and 14.5 million for the 2015 BBC series, which was won by breakout star Nadiya Hussain. Having built a reputation as a gentle slice of escapism, the show came under widespread scrutiny in its most recent series, with increasingly difficult challenges – including the “impossible” Maids of Honour – and harsh comments from Leith and Hollywood towards contestants. It was eventually won by 36-year-old health advisor David Atherton, who finished ahead of favourites Alice Fevronia and Steph Blackwell.
Toksvig will return to the tent for a final time in the celebrity Stand Up to Cancer series, which features contestants including Louis Theroux and Carol Vorderman. While Toksvig’s replacement is yet to be announced, bookmakers’ favourites are said to include Hussain – who has hosted BBC series including Nadiya’s British Food Adventure since winning the show – Jo Brand, who presents companion show An Extra Slice, and Rylan Clark-Neal, who is set to helm the BBC’s forthcoming revival of Ready Steady Cook.
source : the guardian
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Geopolitical Weekly
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About Geopolitical Weekly
Terrorism as Theater
editor Columns, Foreign Affairs September 1, 2014 4 Minutes
By Robert D. Kaplan
The beheading of American journalist James Foley by the Islamic State in Syria and Iraq was much more than an altogether gruesome and tragic affair: rather, it was a very sophisticated and professional film production deliberately punctuated with powerful symbols. Foley was dressed in an orange jumpsuit reminiscent of the Muslim prisoners held by the United States at Guantanamo Bay. He made his confession forcefully, as if well rehearsed. His executioner, masked and clad in black, made an equally long statement in a calm, British accent, again, as if rehearsed. It was as if the killing was secondary to the message being sent.
The killing, in other words, became merely the requirement to send the message. As experts have told me, there are more painful ways to dispatch someone if you really hate the victim and want him to suffer. You can burn him alive. You can torture him. But beheading, on the other hand, causes the victim to lose consciousness within seconds once a major artery is cut in the neck, experts say. Beheading, though, is the best method for the sake of a visually dramatic video, because you can show the severed head atop the chest at the conclusion. Using a short knife, as in this case, rather than a sword, also makes the event both more chilling and intimate. Truly, I do not mean to be cruel, indifferent, or vulgar. I am only saying that without the possibility of videotaping the event, there would be no motive in the first place to execute someone in such a manner.
In producing a docu-drama in its own twisted way, the Islamic State was sending the following messages:
We don’t play by your rules. There are no limits to what we are willing to do.
America’s mistreatment of Muslim prisoners at Guantanamo Bay comes with a “price tag,” to quote a recently adopted phrase for retribution killings. After all, we are a state. We have our own enemy combatants as you can see from the video, and our own way of dealing with them.
Just because we observe no limits does not mean we lack sophistication. We can be just as sophisticated as you in the West. Just listen to the British accent of our executioner. And we can produce a very short film up to Hollywood standards.
We’re not like the drug lords in Mexico who regularly behead people and subsequently post the videos on the Internet. The drug lords deliver only a communal message, designed to intimidate only those people within their area of control. That is why the world at large pays little attention to them; in fact, the world is barely aware of them. By contrast, we of the Islamic State are delivering a global, meta-message. And the message is this: We want to destroy all of you in America, all of you in the West, and everyone in the Muslim world who does not accept our version of Islam.
We will triumph because we observe absolutely no constraints. It is because only we have access to the truth that anything we do is sanctified by God.
Welcome to the mass media age. You thought mass media was just insipid network anchormen and rude prime-time hosts interrupting talking heads on cable. It is that, of course. But just as World War I was different from the Franco-Prussian War, because in between came the culmination of the Industrial Age and thus the possibility of killing on an industrial scale, the wars of the 21st century will be different from those of the 20th because of the culmination of the first stage of the Information Age, with all of its visual ramifications.
Passion, deep belief, political protests and so forth have little meaning nowadays if they cannot be broadcast. Likewise, torture and gruesome death must be communicated to large numbers of people if they are to be effective. Technology, which the geeky billionaires of Silicon Valley and the Pacific Northwest claim has liberated us with new forms of self-expression, has also brought us back to the worst sorts of barbarism. Communications technology is value neutral, it has no intrinsic moral worth, even as it can at times encourage the most hideous forms of exhibitionism: to wit, the Foley execution.
We are back to a medieval world of theater, in which the audience is global. Theater, when the actors are well-trained, can be among the most powerful and revelatory art forms. And nothing works in theater as much as symbols which the playwright manipulates. A short knife, a Guantanamo jumpsuit, a black-clad executioner with a British accent in the heart of the Middle East, are, taken together, symbols of power, sophistication, and retribution. We mean business. Are you in America capable of taking us on?
It has been said that the murder of Czar Nicholas II and his family in 1918 in Ekaterinburg by Lenin’s new government was a seminal crime: because if the Bolsheviks were willing to execute not only the Czar but his wife and children, too, they were also capable of murdering en masse. Indeed, that crime presaged the horrors to come of Bolshevik rule. The same might be said of the 1958 murder of Iraqi King Faisal II and his family and servants by military coup plotters, and the subsequent mutilation of the body of Iraqi Prime Minister Nuri Said by a Baghdad mob — events that presaged decades of increasingly totalitarian rule, culminating in Saddam Hussein. The theatrical murder of James Foley may appear as singular to some; more likely, it presages something truly terrible unfolding in the postmodern Middle East.
To be sure, the worse the chaos, the more extreme the ideology that emerges from it. Something has already emerged from the chaos of Syria and Iraq, even as Libya and Yemen — also in chaos — may be awaiting their own versions of the Islamic State. And remember, above all, what the video communicated was the fact that these people are literally capable of anything.
Terrorism as Theater is republished with permission of Stratfor.
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Home > Vol 3, No 1 (2010) > Kolchugina
PROMOTING SUSTAINABILITY THROUGH LAND-USE PLANNING AND TECHNOLOGY
Tatyana Kolchugina
https://doi.org/10.24057/2071-9388-2010-3-1-81-90
PDF (Eng)
Although the overall rate of population growth has recently decreased in developed countries, population in their cities continues to grow. Urban and suburban sprawl may threaten the environment necessary to sustain livable communities. Farm and forest land and open space are important components of human life. However, they may be lost to residential and commercial development. It has become important to develop land-use regulation mechanisms that accommodate economic growth and preservation of the environment. In the United States, land-use planning systems have been employed for a long period of time. Many US States have enacted laws that protect land from uncontrolled urban sprawl. Geographic Information Systems (GIS) are used to facilitate the process of land-use regulation. The goal of this paper is to discuss how technology-aided sustainable land-use policies are utilized in the USA at a county and city wide scale.
sustainable development, land-use planning, zoning, UGB, Oregon, Benton County, GIS
President, Sustainable Development Technology Corporation. 796 Fox Pl., Corvallis, OR 97330
1. Abbot, C. (1983) Portland: Planning, Politics, and Growth in a Twentieth Century City. University
2. of Nebraska Press. Lincoln, NE. 350 p.
3. Benton County. Comprehensive Plan Update – Adopted March 22 (2007) Available from: http://www.co.benton.or.us/cd/planning/comp_plan.php. [Accessed 11 Feb, 2010].
4. Bollier, D. (1998) How Smart Growth Can Stop Sprawl, a briefing guide for fundesrs.
5. Washington, DC: Essential Books. Washington, DC.
6. Bureau of Economic Analysis. (2009) Regional Economic Accounts. US Department of Commerce.
7. Available from: http://www.bea.gov/regional/gsp/. 2009. [Accessed 3 Jan 2010].
8. City of Corvallis. (2007) Q&A About the Land Development Code Update Project. Available from:http://www.corvallis.or.us/index.php?option=content&task=view&id=721&Itemid=1494.
9. [Accessed 3 Feb. 2010].
10. DLCD. (2008a) Oregon Department of Land Conservation and Development. History of Oregon’s
11. Land Use Planning. Available from: http://www.oregon.gov/LCD/history.shtml. [Accessed
12. Jan., 2010].
13. DLCD. (2008b) Oregon Department of Land Conservation and Development. DLCD Measure 37,
14. Summary of Claims. Available from: http://www.oregon.gov/LCD/MEASURE37/summaries_
15. of_claims.shtml. 2008b. [Accessed 15 Feb. 2010].
16. DLCD. (2010) Oregon Department of Land Conservation and Development. Available from:
17. http://www.oregon.gov/LCD/goals.shtml. [Accessed 10 Feb. 2010].
18. Dodds, G.B. and C. E. Wollner. (1990) The Silicon Forest: High Tech in the Portland Area 1945 to
19. Oregon Historical Society Press. 210 p.
20. Fischel, W.A. (1985) The Economics of Zoning Laws: A Property Rights Approach to American
21. Land Use Controls. Baltimore: John Hopkins Press. USA. 400 p.
22. Fischler, R. (1998) Health, Safety, and the General Welfare – Markets, Politics, and Social Science
23. in Early Land-Use Regulation and Community Design. Journal of Urban History, N24, pp.
24. –719.
25. Genentech. (2010) Available from: http://www.gene.com/gene/about/locations. [Accessed
26. Feb. 2010].
27. Hunter, L. M. (2000) The Environmental Implications of Population Dynamics. Rand. 128 p.
28. Jaeger, W.K. and A.J. Plantiga. (2007) How have Land-Use Regulations Affected Property Values
29. in Oregon? Oregon State University Extension Service, Special Report 1077. June. 37 p.
30. Joint Center for Housing Studies. (1986) State of the Nations’ Housing 1996. Portland
31. Metropolitan Area Profile. Harvard University Press. Boston.
32. McKenzie, R.D. (1933) The Metropolitan Community. McGraw-Hill. New York. 352 p.
33. Toll, S. (1969) Zoned American. Grossman Publishers. New York. 370 p.
34. U.S. Census Bureau. 2008. United States–States; and Puerto Rico: Population, Housing Units,
35. Area, and Density. Available from: http://www.census.gov/. 2008. [Accessed 14 Feb.
36. .
37. United Nations. Department of Economic and Social Affairs. Population Division. (2009)
38. Population Newsletter, June 2009. 20 p.
39. Weiss, M.A. (1987) The Rise of the Community Builders: The American Real estate Industry and
40. Urban Land Planning. New York: Columbia University Press
Kolchugina T. PROMOTING SUSTAINABILITY THROUGH LAND-USE PLANNING AND TECHNOLOGY. GEOGRAPHY, ENVIRONMENT, SUSTAINABILITY. 2010;3(1):81-90. https://doi.org/10.24057/2071-9388-2010-3-1-81-90
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Eager Student
Let Sharena Introduce You!
Eager Student Ewan
Ewan is a young mage-in-training who studies under the sage Saleh. He’s also the younger brother of Tethys, a dancer who works with Gerik’s band of mercenaries!
Ewan’s upbringing was far from a happy one. He was abandoned by his parents at an early age, with only Tethys left to look after him.
Ewan wants to do something to properly thank his sister for raising them. That’s why he worked hard to study magic under the tutelage of the sage Saleh of Caer Pelyn, where his talents blossomed!
He might be a little mischievous, but he cares more than anyone about protecting his sister and his friends. If we can get him to help the Order of Heroes, I’m sure he’ll be the life of the party!
Closely Associated Characters
A bewitching dancer who belongs to Gerik’s band of mercenaries. She and Ewan were abandoned by their parents, and she worked hard to raise her young brother alone.
Known as the Desert Tiger, this accomplished warrior is the leader of a band of mercenaries. He cares about his soldiers and will never abandon a friend. He welcomed Ewan and Tethys into his group.
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Hamilton School Building declared a National Monument »
Time line Prior to 1970
By hgit | January 1, 1970 - 12:00 am | January 1, 1970 Uncategorized
Hamilton School Timeline
World Events History of Hamilton
Start of the Second Anglo-Boer War Hamilton School building completed
School reopened after being used as a hospital during the Anglo-Boer War
Man conquers the sky
The World at War
Present name Hamilton School adopted
Germany establish the world’s first television service
The World at War – Again First Scholar Patrol in Pretoria – Hamilton School
School motto changed to For Others prompted by the students empathy for war victims
First man made object in Space
The worlds first heart transplant – in South Africa
Man on the Moon
HISTORY OF HAMILTON SCHOOL
The idea of a Girls School in the Suid Afrikaansche Republiek first came to fruition in 1878 as a result of the efforts of Mrs Bosman, wife of Ds Bosman.
She secured the services of Miss Cleary and Miss Ruggles who came out from the U.S.A. The school did not last long because Miss Cleary died in August 1878 and Miss Ruggles left for Natal soon after.
For fifteen year hereafter boys and girls attended the same school. President Paul Kruger was not very sympathetic to the idea of girls receiving higher education and they certainly did not deserve a separate school of their own.
However in 1893, the State purchased a house belonging to Mr Ford in Skinner Street.
It was here that Miss J A Lorenz, the Headmistress, started the Hoogere Meisjes-school in 1893. She was keen on a parallel medium institution. In 1894 the Z.A.R. took control of the School and appointed Miss C S Roodhuizen as Headmistress. When she resigned in 1896 to get married, Miss A E Adriani, who had recently arrived from Holland, was appointed in her place. The School prospered under Miss Adriani and became known as the “Staatsmeisjesschool”. The School also trained students to become teachers and when the constantly increasing enrolment reached 300 pupils, plans were set in motion for the construction of a new building.
In 1893, the Z.A.R. bought two stands in Visagie Street from Mr Barend van Erkom and Mrs Scholz.
STAATSMEISJESSCHOOL
During 1897 the four sites were cleared and the construction of our Building began in earnest during 1898. The matron of the hostel in Skinner Street was Miss Koster. The P.W.D. Architect was Mr Jacobus Klasing. They met as a result of our Building being erected and were married in 1898. Their daughter, Mrs Elisabeth Cuff, visited the school for the first time in August, 1979.
The Building was constructed by Daanen and Dorlas at a cost of L14 498. According to the State Archives, work commenced on 15 October, 1898 and was completed on 25 July 1899. It is certainly one of the finest examples of the late Victorian Architecture to be seen in the Transvaal. The construction of this Building at today’s costs, would set us back approximately R750 000 (1977).
Miss Adriani moved into the Building in September 1899. Preparations were under way for the official opening in October, 1899 but all schools in the Republic were officially closed on the 1st October 1899 because of the impending war. The exact date of the closure of this Building is not known, but it is recorded that Miss Adriani and a small group of girls sang in front of Paul Kruger’s house on the 10 October.
In January 1900 the Building was commissioned as a hospital and the teachers volunteered service with the Red Cross for the duration of the Anglo-Boer War.
PRETORIA GIRL’S HIGH SCHOOL
At the end of the Anglo-Boer War, the Building again served as a school when the “Girl’s High School” opened on 10 October 1902. Miss Edith Aitken was appointed Headmistress in charge of four teachers and 126 girls. The redoubtable “E.A.” ensured that the fine education she had received at North London Collegiate School under Miss Buss, would be passed on to her staff and pupils.
One of her rules was that “all girls must change their out-door shoes for low-heeled slippers on entering the school building”. Mrs Trouw, a pupil at that time, tells us that girls were expected to have at least four pairs of shoes for school – to cope with rain, sun, P.T. and walking in the building. E.A.’s rule has certainly helped preserve the beautiful imported Italian marble floor tiles in the corridors.
In 1908 a school play drew this comment from a young visitor, “It’s quite worth sixpence (five cents)”. I know that those who saw “Joseph” recently will be struck by the inflation rate over the past 70 years.
Forms of entertainment have changed a great deal over the years. “We must not forget to mention the open air dance in the Burgher’s Park, given by the Mayor of Pretoria and Mrs Savage, to which the girls of Form Upper V, and the Monitresses went, on October 9, and, what was even more of a pleasure, the Bioscope Entertainment in the Opera House, to which the whole school was invited on October 23rd. The girls have never been so excited and interested over any entertainment as they were over this.”
Creative writing was encouraged even in those far-off days. Fritta Mista wrote her School Song in 1907.
SCHOOL SONG:“In the Morning” (Tune: John Peel)
Do ye mind the old school with its walls so red,
And the pepper-tree hedge and the life we led;
Do ye mind the old school and the life we led
From eight till one of a morning?
Oh, the thought of the bell roused me from my bed
And the fear it might ring as I schoolward sped;
Oh, the fear of that bell would awaken the dead!
And brought me with my books in the morning.
Yes, I mind our school with its girls so gay,
And the games and the fun, and the work and the play;
And how the teachers would often say:
“It’s a rule not to talk in the morning.”
Do ye mind the old school and the lesson too,
The work and the games, and all we would do;
From the morn till the noon, from the noon till the dew,
And again on the morrow morning?
Yes, I mind the Hockey and Basket-Ball
And the matches we played, and the pride of all,
When we won in spite of knock and fall,
And the bruises we felt the next morning.
Do ye mind school days, when Assembly time came,
And each girl was called to stand to her name?
Do ye mind dread times when excuses were lame,
And when work was the rule all the morning?
Yes, I mind the Hall, with its pillars four,
And the dances we had on its polished floor’
And the friend I’ll see, ah, never more,
With the smiles of our young life’s morning.
Do ye mind, of boarders, how we went to the Zoo,
In a long crocodile, walking two and two;
And our sitting room with its vases blue,
And the half past five bell in the morning?
Yes, I mind our school on a very wet day,
When goloshes and umbrellas came into play;
And how the teachers used to say:
“Are you sure you’re not wet this morning?”
Do ye mind Prize Day, with its flower gay?
How we practised our courtesy in the most correct way?
And the songs we san, in the hope that they
Would give joy to our friends in the morning?
Then here’s to our school, form one and all!
May it prosper and flourish, and ne’er know a fall!
For its wealth and its health, now work we all,
Both to-day and to-morrow morning.
Fritta Mista
In 1909 Mr Justice Wessels dazzled the Staff with hopes of a new building on the “hills”. The “new building” in Arcadia has also been declared a National Monument.
The following interesting item is taken from Pretoriana Liber Puellarum (November, 1910) – one of the early issues of the Girl’s High Magazine:
“On her way to New Zealand from England the “Terra Nova” called at the Cape, and her commander made a short tour through South Africa, lecturing at the principal towns. In Pretoria his lecture was delivered in the Opera House. Captain Scott expects to be away about four years, but the “Terra Nova” will land him at Ross’s Bay and will then return to New Zealand.
He is taking with him, as well as Siberian and Icelandic ponies to pull the sledge, a new invention – motor sledges – which, if successful, will greatly facilitate polar travelling.
Captain Scott was the recipient of very hearty good wishes for the success of his expedition from the large and enthusiastic audience, who to judge from their applause, had all thoroughly enjoyed the lecture.” (M Simmons)
“The third term opened with a rumour that all Pretoria schools were to be closed owing to the epidemic of measles, in the town, and it will probably go down in history as the “measles” term, for the trail of that epidemic was over it all. Lessons which should have been devoted to the incubation of some beautifully severe mathematical truth, or equally beautiful and severe principle of Latin syntax, were transformed into boards of inquisition to discover who had had measles, who had not had measles, who was going to have measles, and who was not going to have measles, and so on, through the various moods and tenses of the verb to measle.”
School arrangements seemed rather fluid round the time of Union. Although it was the Girl’s High School, there were prep classes which were amalgamated with the High School in 1908. On the 6 April, 1910, the girls at Eendracht School (corner Bosman and Proes Streets) were admitted to Girl’s High – the first of several amalgamations to take place in our Building.
Miss Aitken adopted the North London Collegiate motto: “We work in hope”. She certainly did, when she wrote the following in the first school magazine: “On the first re-opening nearly half the girls were of Dutch extraction. The school was opened and conducted with the earnest hope that here girls of different races and different denominations might meet in the commonwealth of letters which gave Erasmus and Shakespeare to the World; to acquire there, in accordance with the ideals of Christian Duty, the healthy physique, the trained mind and the disciplined character which should fit each to live worthily in that state of life unto which it should please God to call her.”
Girl’s High finally moved out of our Building on 28 July, 1915. On that occasion a group of girls were led by Margaret Theiler and Ida Phipps, both matric students. To re-affirm our links with the past and with Girl’s High, we welcomed Miss Margaret Theiler and Dr Gertrud Theiler who led 18 Girl’s High students back to the Old Building on 28 March, 1979. Our pupils gave them a very warm welcome, after which our visitors were entertained to tea. The 18 students were 3rd or 4th generation Girl’s High pupils.
Unfortunately this period lacks official documentation. However, many of the pupils who were here during that period have come forward, enabling us to piece together some of the history.
From the time that Girl’s High moved out in 1915, the Building was occupied by the Commercial High School. Part of the Commercial High was also housed at the White House on Muckleneuk Hill. The classes were intended for pupils who had passed Standard 6 and who were not going to the Trade School. The Headmaster was Mr A R Dallas.
During this period the Diocesan Government School, which was housed behind St Alban’s Cathedral in Schoeman Street, closed down and their pupils were trans- ferred to our Building. I have not been able to verify the claim that the Blue and Gold of the Diocesan School, are the basis of our school colours today.
The Technical Institute also occupied four classrooms on the upper level alongside the Commercial High. Inevitably the range in ages of the pupils was great. Several well-known local educationists such as Robert Hicks (after whom a school is named).
Dr Willem Punt (of the Simon van der Stel Foundation and Old Pretoria Society renown) and Professor Rautenbach (former Rector of the University of Pretoria) reportedly taught here before 1920.
COMMERCIAL PRIMARY
On July 20, 1920 Commercial Primary opened on the ground floor of our Building with Commercial High upstairs under a different Headmaster. Three months later, Mr W H Atteridge was appointed Headmaster. In reading the Log Book, I came across some amusing examples of the kind of problem that he had to face:
1922 Jan 6 Miss Murray absent – no reason sent. She arrived at 12:30 and informed me that she had mistaken the time of the lesson.
1922 Jan 18 School re-opened today. I hear that Mrs Walters resigned. The first I heard of it was from the children of her class.
1926 Nov 3 Today I found Mr Windram asleep in front of his class (9.30 am)
TOUGH TIMES!
On 7 March, 1922 the Director of Education visited the school. We enjoyed this honour again in 1967, when Dr A J Koen visited Hamilton School and when Prof. Jooste Director of Education, visited our school on the occasion of our Building being declared a National Monument in May, 1977.
HAMILTON SCHOOL
With the confusion that arose from having two schools under two Headmasters in one Building, it was decided to rename the Commercial Primary School. This was done on
6 April 1926, when the school re-opened as the Hamilton School. Until then teachers were confused when applying for teaching posts because they didn’t really know whether they were going to the Commercial High School or the Commercial Primary School.
Robert Hamilton was a well-known businessman, whose house adjoined the school grounds in the west, where the hotel is today. He was always interested in the progress of the school and was a benefactor.
At the end of 1929 the Pretoria Technical College building (corner Church and Du Toit Streets) was completed. Early in 1930, the Commercial High and the classes of the Technical Institute moved there, leaving our building to be occupied by Hamilton School alone. However that arrangement was short-lived.
The Std V and VI classes of Hamilton were transferred to East Central Junior in July 1931, while their Grades to Std IV were sent to Hamilton. This resulted in a pupil enrolment of 675. Today it is 270 (604).
HAMILTON SENIOR SCHOOL / HAMILTON JUNIOR SCHOOL
In January 1932, Hamilton School was split with Mr Atteridge going upstairs and Miss Boys becoming Headmistress of Hamilton Junior School downstairs.
Mr Atteridge retired in February 1939, and was succeeded in April 1939 by Mr Theo Chapman. Unfortunately Mr Chapman went up north in 1940 and was appointed Principal of Robert Hicks while he was up north.
Mr W du Plessis was appointed Acting Principal in October 1940 and was appointed permanently in August 1943.
at the school assumed duty. Since then it has received high praise form the public and certainly renders an excellent service to our pupils.
Mr du Plessis was not without problems in 1942. He recorded in February that 12 lead overflow pipes had been stolen from the lavatories. In August 1942, a piece of the school’s playgrounds was transferred to the Vroue Federasie to allow them to erect a hostel where the Jubileum Building, Skinner Street, stands today.
During the Second World War, Mr du Plessis encouraged pupils to donate cash towards the children of Europe who had suffered in the bombings. This public-minded spirit and attitude developed to such an extent that in four successive years from 1943, our pupils collected the largest sums of money towards the Christmas Stamp Fund – 1943 – L115, 1944 – L188, 1945 – L350, 1946 – L385. Mr du Plessis was prompted to change the school “motto” from “Ipsum Nosce” (Know Thyself) to “For Others” which it remains today. The Blue and Gold remain but the origin of the school badge is unknown.
Miss Boys, Headmistress of Hamilton Junior School, retired in December 1945. In 1946 the two schools were amalgamated and named Hamilton School – our present name! The enrolment in 1946 was 606.
Late in 1947 Mr du Plessis was informed that there would be two Std VI and one Std VII classes at the school in 1948. When these classes moved out in August 1948 they were the foundation of the new Clapham High School. To round off the year Mr du Plessis records that a severe hailstorm broke 102 window panes in the building.
On his retirement in 1960 Mr du Plessis was succeeded by Mr F Salmon. The central city area was being depopulated rather rapidly and Mr Salmon inherited only 274 pupils. However, at the time of his promotion to Waterkloof School in 1967, the enrolment had once again reached 450.
In 1967, the National Film Board made a film of our pupils using percussion band instruments and presenting choral work.
1972 started off on a high note, with 61 pupils leaving by train for two months at Glenmore Strand School. The cost was R 5,00 for the two months and some of the pupils were sponsored by the school. A good time was had by all and according to the Pretoria News, one little girl gained 12 kg in weight and was unable to fit into her school uniform on return.
5 May 1972 saw the commencement of the first Special Class at Hamilton School. Numbers in the Special Class increased to 24 and on 16 May application was made for another Special Class. On October 23 a third Special Class was introduced.
In January 1973 Hamilton School won the award for the most beautiful Primary School garden. The competition was run by the Old Pretoria Society.
The enrolment in 1973 was 265 plus 31 Special Class pupils.
On 15 June 1973 the school was visited by the Headmaster of Hamilton High School, Bulawayo.
The Principal Mr W J Berg’s collection of old photographs was added to in 1973 by the presentation of portraits of President Paul Kruger and General J J Machado. The presentation was made by Mrs Angela Machado La Crus, granddaughter of General Machado.
1974 was also the 75th birthday of our school building. An article on this occasion was published in the Pretoria News.
A Remedial Class was started by students from the Teacher’s Training College in 1974.
In 1975 the enrolment increased to 315 plus 41 Special Education pupils.
Mr W J Berg (Headmaster 1969 – 1975) was instrumental in having our . In June 1975 an application was made to the Director of Education to have the school declared a National Monument. A full history of the school was compiled by a Mr Myburgh and a Mr Gas. Mr Berg had unfortunately retired when the Declaration was made in the Government Gazette on 25 February 1977. The status of national monument was celebrated in May 1977 with a Cheese and Wine function at which Mrs Atteridge, Mrs Chapman and four of the Headmasters were present.
Since January 1977 we have resuscitated the P.T.A., we have established an After-School Centre to assist our many working mothers; re-introduced Inter-House Sports and introduced a breakfast feeding scheme for some of our less fortunate pupils. We have many new South Africans who are soon assimilated into the community. The school badge has been improved by altering the “H” to acorrect Old English “H”. We have acquired two new vehicles, giving us three mini buses to transport our pupils on the many excursions undertaken. Honours Boards have been introduced recording the Head Boy and the Head Girls. A Std V Valediction Service was first introduced in December 1977. More recently we acknowledged our ties with the past by having the original name “Staatsmeisjesschool” re-painted where it was at the turn of the century.
In August 1977 the Aid Class was transferred from Sunnyside Primary, with Mrs S Viljoen in charge.
On 11 August, Mr W H du Plessis visited our school. Mr du Plessis boasts the unique achievement in that he is the only person who has taught at the three Pretoria schools which were built before the Anglo-Boer War – Gymnasium, Central Junior High (Staatsmodel) and Hamilton.
On 25 August 1978, the entire school assembled in front of the school to raise the flag and to fly it half mast to pay respect to the late State President, Dr Nico Diedericks who passed away in the Tygerberg Hospital. A special assembly was also held.
1979 started off with the unveiling of the first honours board. This was attended by the pupils who had received merit awards at the Valediction Service, and their parents.
The building was 80 years old in 1979. This milestone was celebrated with a presentation of “Joseph and the Amazing Technicolour Dreamcoat”. Other activities included an anniversary ball at the Hellenic Club, a carnival and a “crocodile” led by Miss Theiler (82) and her sister, Dr Gertrude Theiler (81) who had both attended school in this building, 64 years earlier (1915).
On 11 March 1982 the Carmody Memorial Bursary fund was opened in memory of Andrew, David and Graeme Carmody who died tragically in a motor car accident. Their mother Mrs Margaret Carmody became involved in the school and took over the running the After-School Centre in February 1981 and is still the supervisor today – 1999.
After much fund raising a swimming pool was built which was put to use for the first time in February 1984. The official opening ceremony took place on 2 March 1984.
Fifteen years after the pool was built it became necessary to renovate the pool, this was completed in March 1999.
Due to the drop in pupil numbers at the Hamilton School, Dr K R Paine, Chief Director of Education addressed a meeting to decide on the future of the School. The possibility of an amalgamation with Sunnyside School was discussed. This meeting was held on 5 November 1990.
On 24 January 1991 at the Annual General Meeting of the Parent Teacher’s Association a discussion took place on “Additional Models for the Provision of Schooling”. A unanimous decision was taken to go ahead with steps to allow parents to vote on becoming a Model “B” School. Only 17% of the parents opted to vote, of which 84% voted in favour of becoming a Model “B” school. Model “B” status was granted on 16 April 1991.
However on 5 March 1992 the Management Council met to discuss the Government’s proposal that all schools convert to Model “C” schools on 1 April, unless 2/3 of the parents voted against the motion. 90% of the parents indicated that they were in favour of becoming a Model “C” school. The Management Council decided not to call a special meeting but to accept the transfer from Model “B” to Model “C” status as from 1 April 1992.
As the school hall was being used as a polling station for the general elections in April 1994 it was decided to close the school during this time. Time was worked in for days “lost”. 10 May was declared a public holiday in order to celebrate the inauguration of Nelson Mandela as President.
1994 was highlighted by for the use of learners. The computers were to be used for remedial and enrichment purposes in Maths and English.
At the end of 1994, after 14 years, Hamilton School bid farewell to the Principal, Mr John A. Collier, who left for Sunnyside Primary School.
Hamilton School re-opened in 1995 with a new Principal, Mr Conrad Myburg, and a new Education Department – Gauteng Department of Eduction. The enrolment of pupils soared from 287 in 1994 to 452 in January 1995.
The school hosted its first winter sports and cultural day on Saturday, 20 May 1995. Guest schools were Lord Milner and Sunnyside Primary. Events that were hosted were netball, mini tennis and chess.
23 August 1995 was an historic day on which a group of teachers from Leratong Primary School sat in on lessons while the staff of Hamilton taught. This was the first of many schools in the townships “twinning” with Hamilton School.
This was also the year in which the staff of Hamilton voiced their opinion against pornography and the easy accessibility of this to children. A letter was sent to President Mandela informing him of our concern for the youth of today.
In 1995 the idea to promote entrepreneurship was introduced in the form of Mini-Market days. The children were encouraged to “rent a table” and to sell their own goods and any profit made was for themselves.
An unusual day occurred on 23 January 1998 when 8 volunteers from the American Peace Corps visited our school. We also had the further distinction of being blessed with eight sets of twins in our school, ranging in age from 7 to 13 years. Their picture and an article appeared in the Pretoria News, The Star, and the Drum Magazine.
November 1998 saw at our school. The school’s was created during August 1999, one hundred years after the first day that its doors opened to educate the youth of the country.
We cannot predict it, but with the dawn of the new millenium and the beginning of the new century, the future of our school, and its learners, looks very bright. Hamilton School is determined to educate all the learners, who pass through its corridors, with an eye on the past and a vision set firmly on the future.
Mr Mervin Watson, Principal 1977 – 1979.
Miss Beryl Mullins, Headmistress of Pretoria High School for Girls.
Mrs Marie Swanepoel, Media Educator of Hamilton Primary.
Mr Conrad Myburgh, Principal 1995 – Present
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A Challenge Awaits
Tim Reinbott named Director of Field Operations for MOAES
Written by Logan Jackson · Photography by Kyle Spradley · December 11, 2015
Tim Reinbott has always loved a challenge. His newest one begins in January.
Reinbott, the superintendent at the Bradford Research Center in Columbia, Mo., will move into a new role at the beginning of the New Year. He will replace John Poehlmann as the Director of Field Operations for the University of Missouri College of Agriculture, Food and Natural Resources Missouri Agricultural Experiment Station.
Poehlmann retired earlier this month.
“It’s an honor,” Reinbott said. “John put his heart and soul into CAFNR. Everyone wants someone like John to work with. He did all of the tough, behind-the-scenes work that needed to be done.
Tim Reinbott discusses the Tomato Festival with the media. The Tomato Festival is one of the most … Expand ▸Tim Reinbott discusses the Tomato Festival with the media. The Tomato Festival is one of the most popular events that the Bradford Research Center hosts.
“I’ve got some big shoes to fill.”
Reinbott joined Bradford as the superintendent in January 2000. During his time in that role, Bradford continually grew and became a large part of the Columbia community.
“Tim has effectively managed the research activities at Bradford, and has become a public figure around central Missouri through his efforts to heighten awareness about agriculture through events like the sweetcorn tasting and the Tomato Festival,” said Marc Linit, senior associate director, MU Agricultural Experiment Station. “The Agricultural Research Centers around the state will benefit from his experience and enthusiasm.”
Before joining Bradford, Reinbott served as a research associate for Dale Blevins in the Division of Plant Sciences. Reinbott’s work took him all over Missouri.
“Our work went from the lab to the greenhouse to the field,” he said. “I had research at several of the Research Centers, so I was very familiar with them before I started as the superintendent at Bradford.”
Reinbott graduated from MU with a Bachelor’s degree in agronomy in 1984. He earned his Master’s degree in agronomy two years later.
“I’m really looking forward to the opportunity,” Reinbott said. “I’m excited to build on what John has already done.
“I’m extremely proud of the work that we’ve done at Bradford. It was a difficult decision to leave. We’ve made huge strides and done a great job of tying ourselves to the community.”
Poehlmann joined MU in 1978. Before taking over the role of Director of Field Operations for the MOAES, Poehlmann also served as superintendent of Bradford.
“The Missouri Agricultural Experiment Station was fortunate to have the steady hand and strong leadership of John,” Linit said. “To many stakeholders around Missouri, he was the face of our Agricultural Research Centers.”
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Hayes Music blog
Opportunities at BYMT
May 11, 2020 May 7, 2020 mrsfostermusic
Daily listening Monday 11th May
This song was from her second and final studio album, Back to Black (2006)
Amy Winehouse (14 September 1983 – 23 July 2011) was an English singer and songwriter. She was known for her deep, expressive contralto vocals and her eclectic mix of musical genres, including soul, rhythm and blues and jazz. Contralto is a lower female voice. You may remember learning about the different voice types in the first home-learning task you completed for music.
Amy composed the lyrics and melody for this song and combined these with chord progressions and melodies from Marvin Gaye and Tammi Terrell’s 1967 hit song Ain’t No Mountain High Enough. Recreating musical ideas from an existing song in this way is called interpolation. Listen to the 1967 song here and see if you can hear the musical similarities.
Daily listening Sunday 10th May
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Home Great Britain Home Education Makes (Radio) Waves
Home Education Makes (Radio) Waves
By Team Fri 27 Apr 18 Fri 27 Apr 18
Home educators began to sense something was up with the BBC on Wednesday 25 April 2018 when a theme began to emerge, across the country, of home educators being contacted for interviews on radio stations the following day.
The reason soon became clear – on Thursday 26 April 2018, a BBC headline read: “Home-schooling in the UK increases 40% over three years”
The BBC report was based on figures they’d received from 177 councils in England, Wales and Scotland, and the Northern Ireland Department of Education, with 164 reporting an increase in the number of home educators.
According to this report, approximately 48,000 children were being home educated in 2016-17 – a substantial increase on the figure of 34,000 in 2014-15. The report cites mental health issues and avoiding exclusion as two reasons parents gave for removing children from classrooms, and highlighted the government’s plan to publish new guidance due to perceived concerns about the quality of the education being provided, as well as “safeguarding” issues.
None of this is news to established home educators who are adding new members to their groups at unprecedented rates and hearing many stories of how children are being failed by the system, sometimes devastatingly, resulting in parents making the decision to “vote with their feet”.
The BBC quoted Dr Carrie Herbert, founder of Red Balloon charity, as saying that the rise in home education suggested “something quite tragic about the state of the education system”.
Across the home nations, as home education was being discussed on radio stations everywhere, it was as if there were two conversations going on, where one party was not listening to the other. On the one hand, parents were ringing in, or being interviewed, sharing about the benefits of home education for their children, despite the sacrifices families had made, explaining how busy and sociable home educated children are, how their children were now in university, or progressing well. And on the other hand, the same old well-worn misconceptions were trotted out, without the slightest intention of taking a moment to examine the actual evidence.
A prize example can be heard (until 24 May 2018) on BBC Coventry & Warwickshire, at the end of the segment starting approximately 1 hour 8 mins into the programme. It features a discussion between Paul Donaldson, a local school teacher, and Dr Helen Lees, Reader in Alternative Education Studies at Newman University. The myth of social interaction was raised, yet again, and the failure to grasp the essence of home education is painfully evident:
In response to Donaldson’s question about who home educated children socialise with, Dr Lees explained that home educated children socialise differently, that they have other home educated children to mix with, but also socialise with the entirety of society, and with people of different ages.
Donaldson: If you’re being home-schooled and not having daily interaction.
Lees: How’s that possible? They’re out in the community!
Donaldson: If they’re out in the community, they’re not being schooled?
Lees: Exactly! And that’s the good thing!
On a positive note, it seems that the reason for the increase in home educator numbers is now becoming more evident to others. Failures within the education system need to be addressed, rather than penalising families for choosing to home educate. If the education system was doing a better job of meeting the needs of children, parents would not be put into a position where they feel they have no other option.
Talk with others about the tremendous strain the education system is under and encourage them to write to their MPs to raise their concerns. Help to shift the focus back to where it should be – holding the State accountable for meeting the needs of children in schools. Continue to challenge misconceptions wherever you encounter them.
Notification or Registration – What is the Difference?
Could Mediation Help?
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History versus literature: a ceasefire at last?
January 5, 2015 May 6, 2015 / Historiann
Does it seem to you that in the past few years, we’ve reached a kind of rapprochement among historians and literary scholars?
The last time I had a long-term fellowship–which I’m embarrassed to admit was I was fifteen years ago already!–it seemed to me that there was a great deal of hostility between historians and literature scholars. This was at the Newberry Library in the winter and spring of 1999, and I recall a number of not-very-helpful comments from literature people to historians along the lines of “you can’t say this!!!” Similarly, there were rude interjections from historians, who would inform a literature scholar that “you can’t do that!!!”
I remember being lectured by an only-slightly-senior colleague in an English department about my reading of captivity narratives, and when I complained about what I heard as pretty unhelpful advice to another literary scholar, I was informed that I was “just being defensive.” (And maybe I was. But why was that? Was it because I was being talked to like I wasn’t an expert in my own field and I hadn’t won a long-term fellowship on my merits? Ya think???) I remember the frustration of a literary scholar who was writing a book about representations and historical experiences of a particular subject in both colonial America and the modern (20th century) U.S., and was skipping the entire nineteenth century who was informed by historians at the Newberry Library a few years later that “you can’t do that.”
Clearly, the historians were disturbed by the implications of her argument for their sacred cow, Change Over Time, but as a literary scholar she doesn’t need to worry about that, just as I as a historian didn’t have to write my book like a literature scholar would.
But over coffee this afternoon with a few of my fellow fellows at the Huntington Library, we were two historians and two literature scholars who agreed that the temperature of cross-disciplinary exchanges has simmered down. We have a long-term fellows seminar in which we–all literary scholars and historians–present short passages from our ongoing research and writing, and I have yet to hear anyone build a disciplinary redoubt from which to lob bombs at a scholar from the other discipline. It all just seems so beside the point these days–who am I to tell someone that she can’t write a book? Who are any of us to say that?
(For the record: I’ve never told anyone that their work can’t be written. Aside from being patently untrue, it’s completely unhelpful. My goal as an advisor, peer, and peer reviewer has always been like an improv comedian: when someone throws out a premise for a skit, never contradict it or say “no;” say “YES! And. . . “ throw something else on the table that the other person can pick up and run with. If we see intellectual life as a collaboration rather than gatekeeping, ours jobs will be more fun.)
Have any of you noticed the same ceasefire? What has happened? Is it that historians became more informed about the choices they make in selecting evidence and building their arguments, when previously they had assumed that sources “spoke for themselves?” Is it that literature has also turned to materiality in the same way historians have over the past two decades? Is it that cultural history is what a lot of us in both History and literature departments claim to be writing? Is it that we all got kind of bored with the language of “theory” and got over ourselves? Is it that we were all a bunch of jerks fifteen years ago, and there’s a different mix of people out here? Is it that we at the Huntington get to have coffee in the garden in January, and all the fresh air and sunshine has put the zap on our brains? What do you think?
Or is it that we finally realized we’re all humanists adrift in a world that devalues both history and art, and all we’ve got is each other (plus some art historians and American Studies folks as well)?
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22 thoughts on “History versus literature: a ceasefire at last?”
We’re all humanists adrift, I think. I remember the same kinds of unhelpful conversations at about the same time. I’d also been working on what were essentially captivity narratives and had a literary scholar tell me I couldn’t interpret things the way I had. (You can’t do that. You can’t write that book.) This was as crushing as my grad school experience of taking a seminar in the English Department on American women writers (I was so excited to get into that class), and having the prof tell me my work was reductive and she supposed that was because I was a historian. Yikes. My hopes of combining my two loves of history and literature were dashed.
Maybe everyone has gotten over the theory thing. I never cared for it much anyway, but narrative was so unfashionable then. My grad school profs couldn’t say the word without a sneer or snide comment.
I like the idea of promoting collaboration and helpfulness. Now, if we could all do it at the Huntington….
“This was at the Newberry Library in the winter and spring of 1999”
That’s like the humanities equivalent of, “we were at Woodstock and tripping so fucken huge when Jimi came on stage”.
Hmm. I think historians all know the whole “texts are not transparent” thing. I don’t feel as if I have to make long speeches about it. And most people have realized that when you ask different questions, you look at different evidence, and you’ll read the same evidence differently. I think there are important differences, but most of us now accept them instead of trying to make the other discipline into us. In general, my literary colleagues seem less interested than I am in actual people, while texts for me are a means to an end, not the end in itself.
In general, I haven’t had conflicts with historians or seen sniping between historians and literature scholars (I got my degree about ten years ago); I see a lot of fruitful collaboration and mutual respect–and I’m very grateful to those historians who tell me how to do things I wasn’t trained to do (e.g., find records of some sort of other).
But I will say that at my institution there are historians who clearly have no idea what anyone in my department even does. Most memorable was when the graduate school dean, a mid-career historian only slightly older than me, came to our department to chat about the kinds of research funds they had newly made available. In talking about what we might apply these funds toward, he was suddenly at a loss. “Well,” he said, “in history, we need to go to archives. I don’t know. . . is that something a literature scholar would ever need to do?”
I’ve always found close kinship with my colleagues in literature. Often closer than many of my history colleagues since so many of them insist on studying this modern stuff about which I know nothing!
I do see what you mean. Ten or twenty years ago, the buzz was all about how theory had divided literary scholars from historians. Now it seems to be a non-issue or maybe we’ve learned that we’re more alike than different?
A great post! In the precincts that I’ve patrolled, I don’t remember much animus or hostility between fields, but a fair amount of maybe polite inattention, if inattention can ever be polite in a presentational context. In truth, it’s pretty hard to not be obtuse, if obtuse is what you end up being with something, so polite may just be the default non-hostile pose.
At some point, some disciplinary centers of scholarship began to “appoint” people from out of their disciplines to their cohort ranks, and it was probably fairly easy for them to condescendingly think that if there were one or two literary scholars among a dozen historians, that was some kind of daring openness. And to be unaware of the outsiderness that the newcomers inevitably felt. That has probably ameliorated to some degree over generational time, but maybe not.
I did get dressed down good one day in the Ahmanson Reading Room by a more senior English prof when I made the mistake of allowing as how I understood that _The Tempest_ had been written by Shakespeare in homage to the shipwreck of the Virginia Company relief fleet on Bermuda. It was the most “well I never” experience I ever had on a rug of that quality. I ended up wishing I had just said something bland and neighborly like “how ’bout those Lakers…”
Best zinger of the month: Comrade Physio Prof on Woodstock!
Joseph M. Adelman
I’ve noticed something similar in my research travels, which includes gobs of time at the two places on the East Coast where historians and literary scholars are most likely to interact (AAS and the Library Company).
As others have said above, at this point most historians (whether through cultural history or otherwise) are aware of textual analysis, and most literary scholars are sensitive to chronology and historiography. In my own conversations with literary scholars, I rarely feel defensive, and rarely feel like I’m trying to get them to go places they don’t want to go. (But trading references, that’s always fun!)
One other possibility is generational. Scholars trained since 2000, say, so early career faculty/post-docs and graduate students, seem not nearly as invested in the culture wars, debates about theory and its uses (or abuses), and so on.
In any case, that’s a really long way of saying that I’ve noticed it, too.
Matt_L
I do not remember a lot of overt hostility between the disciplines. In 2000 I was doing dissertation research and had profs on my committee from both Comparative Literature, Anthropology, but most of them were social historians. I think that everyone gave me advice from their disciplinary perspective, but also encouraged me to strike out on my own.
The only case of disciplinary animus I experienced was in grad school. I had a bad experience with an art history class where the instructor set up his grad students with their seminar projects and then turned the rest of us loose on whatever we wanted to do. The only feedback I got on my project was the final grade. I earned a B in the seminar, which seemed like the kiss of death in grad school, but my adviser told me not to worry about it, since it was outside my discipline.
After the semester was over, I went back to ask the art historian for advice on what to do better or differently. What was the art historian way of doing things? The only thing he could do was tell me I was wrong and lazy without articulating why. He said it was my project and I was supposed to be the expert. I should have figured out the relevant literature and what needed to be done better.
The thing I learned for my own teaching was that you have to be able to articulate the strengths and weaknesses of a students work. They need to be told when they are doing something right, so that they can do more of the right things. They also have to be given advice on how to fix the parts they got wrong. It also helps to explain why these changes and choices make the project better. Its not about justifying the grade, its about helping students to make specific changes which make the project better.
Thanks, everyone. In defense of that mid-career historian/admin that Flavia tells about, I’ll just say that reading her blog, and Dr. Crazy’s blog, and Bardiac, and Undine, etc. has really educated me about how literary scholars think about their work and how they approach their research and writing. Although I will also note that even back in the 1990s, I was aware of the literary scholars who worked alongside me in the archives, and their (at the time) renewed interest in both historical texts as well as the materiality of the texts they studied. (In fact, I recall that it was a Renaissance comp lit scholar back at the Newberry who most helpfully educated me about this.)
Sorry–I meant also to say that there are other reasons why I might perceive less hostility between historians and lit scholars these days has to do with the particular circumstances of each of my sabbatical environments. At the Newberry in 1999, there were a LOT of very junior scholars like myself, so we were perhaps caught up in the performativity of intellectual life and (yes) defensive about our own positions and disciplinary homes. Whereas here at the Huntington, it’s definitely much more of a mid-career and senior scholar kind of place this year–only a very few assistant professors at all. We’ve all made our beds and just want to learn something from one another and soak up some rays. So the difference in career cycles is one possible explanation.
I think part of the problem was that lit scholars have/had a tendency to read a theorist or scholar in another field, often a dated one, and then follow through less than critically and almost in a sort of scriptural study, so that scholars in the other field look at us and wonder why we don’t engage more recent work. So, psychologists look at lit folks reading Freud and Lacan, and are dismayed. Economist look at us reading Marx; historians look at us reading Foucault; anthropologists look at us reading Levi-Strauss. We lit folks may think we’re being multi-disciplinary, but experts in those fields don’t think we’re doing their disciplines justice at all.
Perhaps lit folks have gotten better at engaging with historiography, and such, or the rest of academia has grown tired of trying to teach us and moved on?
Bardiac, I think you are being hard on Lit scholars. I think I have seen historians (and scholars in almost every other discipline under the sun) do the same thing!
Now I’ve got to get back to reading Roland Barthes so I can get a handle on this new fangled semiotics thing…
and whats this “symbolism” thing all about anyways? What did the green light in the Great Gatsby mean?
Tenured Radical
Probably you are right — although over at my place I was just taken to skool by a literary scholar for this sentence: “Perhaps differently from other humanities scholars, many historians find this so profoundly opposed to the ethic of our practice, they dig in their heels right there, and I happen to be one of those people.” She read this to mean, I think that I believe historians need evidence and other humanities scholars are fine without it, when in fact I meant that we are a Kinsey 10 in the archives department. Skin can still be thinnish.
I got your meaning immediately TR, but I can understand how people in other disciplines might respond to that sentence defensively. (When really, I thought it was even kind of a dig at the empiricism of historians, not a pat on our backs entirely.)
Just read the comments again today on your latest post. Some people read the internet for reasons to get pissed off and/or to police ideological correctness. Me, I’m on a low blood-pressure regime that involves fresh air, lots of exercise, and when all else fails, a valium or two. There’s nothing on the internet that can hurt me without my cooperation.
rustonite
In seven years of grad school and a year of teaching, I’ve had exactly zero contact with literary scholars (unless you count twitter stalking Rebecca Schuman). Literary scholarship has had nothing to do with any of my scholarship, or of anyone I’ve worked with (although granted, I don’t interact much with cultural historians, or historians of anything post-1500). Asking if history and literature are still fighting strikes me as asking about the conflict between sharks and eagles. Maybe this is something that was a thing 15 or 20 years ago, but is no longer a thing?
Now, if you ask me my opinions on economists or sociologists, I’ll have some very sharp things to say indeed…
Although as I think about it more I remember that, in a search for a historian of the ancient Mediterranean that I was involved with, we rejected a candidate for working with “texts” rather than “sources,” since that meant he belonged in classics rather than history. I’m not sure if that conflict would ever come up in a job search for a later period, though- American literature and history are more clearly separated disciplines than Roman history and literature.
when all else fails, a valium or two
I can’t believe you didn’t share when we were hanging out!
HA-ha. Truth be told, I’ve only taken one valium in my life (for a dental procedure.) It was nice! I saved my second valium for years–for some reason, I liked having it in the medicine cabinet as a backup plan.
couchloc
Permit me a comment as an associate professor of philosophy. I am in agreeement with Bardiac’s comment above to a good extent. My interactions with certain English and Art History faculty in relation to theory has been interesting to observe. I have met several faculty who explain to me that they do theory and read areas of philosophy like Heidegger, Foucault, Rorty, etc. They often take these figures’ views to be true, without much awareness of the problems their views come with. It was as if they were studying only 20th century philosophy without having an understanding of Locke, Descartes, or Kant. This was strange to me since from my perspective you simply can’t understand what Foucault was doing without a thorough understanding of Kant, and for that you’d have to know Hume very well. But as most of them never read much history of philosophy it was hard to know what to think of their work. This isn’t a knock on literature or art history since I appreciate them both, but just a point about the perils of trying to learn outside of your discipline.
Thanks–interesting perspective, couchloc. I think we all tend to look for theorists outside our ken whose work will back up whatever it is we’re looking to argue. I’ve been using some psychological & medical research recently in some of my articles & book chapters, and I would shudder to think of what an actual academic physician or psychologist would think of my “borrwings” from their fields of expertise!
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Tag: Ghosts
Happy Halloween from History First!
Since John and Abigail Adams moved into the White House in 1800, the executive mansion has had its fair share of inhabitants–from this world and the next. Jared Broach, who offers tours of haunted places in America, calls paranormal sightings in the White House “verified.” To say otherwise, he noted, would be “calling eight different presidents liars.”
One of the first people to live in the White House–Abigail Adams–is reported to continue to roam the halls. Witnesses have claimed to see her en route to the East Room–where she once would hang laundry–and some White House staff have smelled wet laundry and the scent of lavender. Why Abigail Adams would prefer to spend her time in the afterlife doing laundry at the White House, instead of relaxing at home in Massachusetts, is beyond the comprehension of History First.
Harry Truman wrote a letter to his wife in 1945 expressing the haunted feeling of his new home–he was only two months into his term at the time.
“I sit here in this old house and work on foreign affairs, read reports, and work on speeches–all the while listening to the ghosts walk up and down the hallway and even right in here in the study. The floors pop and the drapes move back and forth–I can just imagine old Andy [Jackson] and Teddy [Roosevelt] having an argument over Franklin [Roosevelt].”
Truman wasn’t the only one to imagine Jackson’s lingering presence in the White House. Mary Lincoln, who wanted desperately to believe in the afterlife after the death of her sons, and then her husband, also felt Jackson. She told friends that she had heard Jackson “stomping and swearing.” Jackson has also been spotted lying in his bed in today’s Rose Room, and others have heard his “guttural laugh” in the White House since the 1860s. In addition to Jackson, Mary Lincoln also once reported seeing the ghost of her dead son, Willie, at the foot of her bed, and even thought she heard Thomas Jefferson playing the violin.
In 1946, Truman wrote another letter to his wife detailing a more concrete supernatural experience. He writes that he went to bed, and six hours later heard a strong knock on his bedroom door.
“I jumped up and put on my bathrobe, opened the door, and no one there. Went out and looked up and down the hall, looked in your room and Margie’s [the president’s daughter]. Still no one. Went back to bed after locking the doors and there were footsteps in your room whose door I’d left open. Jumped and looked and no one there! The damned place is haunted sure as shootin’. Secret Service said not even a watchman was up here at that hour.”
“You and Margie had better come back and protect me before some of these ghosts carry me off.”
Perhaps the White House’s most famous ghost is Abraham Lincoln–killed only a month and a half into his second term in office. Grace Coolidge first reported seeing Lincoln’s ghost in the 1920s, staring across the Potomac at old Civil War battlefields. Other first ladies also sensed Lincoln’s presence. Eleanor Roosevelt, who worked out of a room near the Lincoln Bedroom, said she strongly felt Lincoln’s presence one night. Two European visitors, staying down the hall, said that they had felt the same thing. Lady Bird Johnson, after watching a documentary about Lincoln, admitted to similar feelings in the private residence, where Lincoln had once worked out of his office.
Other visitors to the White House have had more tangible crossings with the assassinated president. Queen Wilhelmina of the Netherlands visited the White House in 1942, and slept in the Lincoln Bedroom. She claimed to have heard a knock on the bedroom door, and to have discovered Abe Lincoln on the other side–an experience so frightening that she fainted outright.
Winston Churchill liked to tell a story about his own ghostly Lincoln encounter during a visit to the White House in 1940. As Churchill tells it, he had just stepped out of the bath and picked up a cigar. Walking into the next room wearing nothing and still dripping wet, he found Lincoln by the fireplace.
“Good evening, Mr. President,” Churchill reportedly said. “You seem to have me at a disadvantage.”
Even Ronald Reagan’s dog, Rex, seemed to sense something unsettling about the Lincoln Bedroom. It was the only room in the White House that the dog refused to enter. Reagan himself said that Rex had twice barked “frantically” in the Lincoln Bedroom, then backed out and refused to come back in. The president went on to say that one night while the Reagans were watching TV in the room below the Lincoln Bedroom, Rex began to bark at the ceiling. The president thought the dog might be detecting some sort of spy equipment, perhaps an electrical signal too high pitched for Reagan to hear himself.
And yet Rex the dog wasn’t the only one to feel uneasy about the Lincoln Bedroom during the Reagan administration. The president related a story in which his daughter Maureen and her husband both saw a ghosty figure in the bedroom, looking out the window.
It seems that the ghosts of the White House have been fairly quiet in recent years–or perhaps the current and recent inhabitants are hesitant to tell their stories.
Author kaleenafragaPosted on November 3, 2018 November 3, 2018 Categories 1980, Assassination, Coolidge, First Ladies, Jackson, Jefferson, John Adams, Lincoln, Trivia, White HouseTags Ghosts, Halloween, Haunting, presidents, White House2 Comments on Ghosts of the White House
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LOCAL MMA SPOTLIGHT — Lopez overcomes many obstacles on the way to MMA success
By barstoolfanatics on December 24, 2020 • ( Leave a comment )
Photos by Karla Rivas – Ross Lopez, center, celebrates one of his wins along with Louis and Orion Cosce.
This is the fourth in a series of stories focusing on the next generation of MMA talent here on the North Coast, as Humboldt Sports takes a closer look at the many rising local stars in the sport.
By Ray Hamill — For Ross Lopez, what didn’t kill him has literally made him a stronger person.
In what has been a rollercoaster of a ride so far, his MMA career almost cost him his life at one stage, before ultimately saving it and giving him a direction and purpose he never had before.
“It’s the only place I feel at home,” Lopez said of the gym. “And it’s also given me a family.”
The San Diego transplant fights out of the Lost Boys gym in Arcata and is expected to turn pro in 2021.
And according to his coach Brian Wilson, Lopez is ready for the leap.
“Ross is probably one of our most versatile fighters,” Wilson said. “His ability to transition from striking to wrestling to jiu jitsu is amazing.”
It certainly hasn’t been an easy path for the 24-year-old Lopez.
In 2018, he almost died after making an extreme weight cut, going from 220 pounds to 175 in three months before then dropping 30 more pounds in a week.
“I cut so much weight I had kidney and liver failure,” he said. “It kicked me in the butt a little bit, and after that I made a lot of changes.”
The setbacks, however, did not end there.
In addition to losing close friend Jeremy Ashley, who passed away a few years ago, Lopez also lost his grandmother right before his comeback fight, at a time when his mother was also hospitalized after suffering a heart attack.
“It was very hard there for a while,” he admitted. “It was the first time in a fight where I didn’t want to be there.”
It was also his first and only loss, and Lopez says all of the setbacks — including a torn meniscus in his left knee at one stage — have made him stronger.
According to Wilson, he’s also one of the smartest fighters in the area.
“He has great endurance and he’s very skilled,” Wilson added. “He has very good fighter IQ. He’s very smart, intelligent.”
For Lopez, it all began five years ago when he arrived in Humboldt County, moving here from San Diego shortly after high school.
“I came up here to Humboldt County at a moment’s notice. I was trying to run away from my life,” he said. “I just needed to move away and this was the farthest I could go and still be in California.”
It didn’t take long for Lopez to find a new home, after quickly making friends with Ashley, who introduced him to the Fifth Street boxing club in Eureka.
It quickly became an obsession for Lopez.
Photos by Karla Rivas
“We would train till 2 in the morning and then wake up and do it all over again,” he said. “I was going through a break-up and I didn’t know anybody in Humboldt County. It was a hard time, and training with Jeremy helped.”
Ashley introduced Lopez to Orion Cosce, who introduced him to the Lost Boys.
“The Lost Boys have been my family ever since,” he said.
Fighting mostly at 155 pounds, Lopez has put together a 4-1 record in MMA — as well as an additional win in kick boxing — to set himself up for the next logical step.
“My goal is to be pro and make a serious run at that,” he said.
In addition to turning pro soon, Lopez says he is loving life these days and is in “a good place,” including a new job as a car salesman at Mid City Motor World.
“I’m doing all the things I wanted to do,” he said. “And it’s coming together.”
Like just about every top MMA fighter here on the North Coast, Lopez also credits his wrestling background to setting him on the path to where he is now, having competed in the sport all four years in high school.
Categories: Mixed Martial Arts, MMA, MMA Spotlight
Tagged as: Humboldt MMA, Humboldt Sports, Lost Boys Arcata, Ross LOpez
Alex Cappa left off Pro Bowl roster
Former Lumberjack steps into NFL head coaching role
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Plane Crashes Into Connecticut Home, No Injuries But Area Evacuated
Town of Groton PD Facebook Page
Last night around 10:30PM, a small aircraft appeared to be heading toward the Groton - New London Airport, when it struck a single-family home in a nearby Groton neighborhood.
Around the time of the incident, the Groton Emergency dispatch received an influx of calls describing the crash that took place at Ring Drive nearby Donna Drive.
One man was inside the Ring Drive home when the plane crashed through the roof. Officials on the scene have said he was not hurt.
According to the Groton Police, the two plane inhabitants were able to exit the cockpit without difficulty and were taken to Lawrence and Memorial Hospital in New London for non-life-threatening injuries.
The Town of Groton Police posted to their Facebook page and said, "At this time there are no reports of fatalities or life threatening injuries either on the ground or with the aircrew. The airplane’s two occupants were able to self-extricate from the aircraft and were transported via ground ambulance to Lawrence and Memorial Hospital in New London. There was no structure fire as a result of the crash; however, area homes were evacuated as a precautionary measure while fire crews and EMS attended to the scene".
The official Facebook post says:
Although the crash miraculously did not result in fire of any kind, the Groton Police have urged residents of the neighborhood to evacuate and stay away from the site as it is still under investigation.
See the Must-Drive Roads in Every State
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Home / essays / Odysseus and Aeneas
Odysseus and Aeneas
Odysseus by Homer and Aeneas by Virgil
The Odyssey by Homer is a Greek epic poem, and The Aeneid by Virgil is a Roman epic poem. These two works brought success to their authors and made them famous in the whole world. Both poems tell about the journeys of two heroes – Odysseus and Aeneas. Each of them had noble aims – Odyssey wanted to return to Ithaca to his family after the Trojan War, and Aeneas wanted to build the Roman Empire. Both heroes used the help and advice of gods in their journeys. Although the plots of the poems are closely connected since they narrate about wars and dangerous missions and describe the protagonists as heroic and capable of great endurance, they represent people of diverse cultures with different values.
Virgil described the Roman Empire as the greatest empire in the world. Its citizens were patriotic and loyal to their land. They were proud that they lived there, and they often compared themselves to their forerunners, the Greeks. Thus, Virgil paralleled Homer’s Odyssey when describing the Romans. Therefore, the protagonists of these two epics represent their cultures and worlds. When Virgil made this comparison, he showed that Aeneas was better and higher than Odysseus and the Roman nation was superior to the Greek one.
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Homer paid much attention to the description of Odysseus’ way to home. The hero is shown as a self-confident and fearless warrior, who is not afraid of gods. After his victory over the Trojans, he refused to thank gods, and Poseidon punished him, telling that he would never find the way to home. However, Odysseus did not give up and went through the Islands of Kalypso, of the Lotus-Eaters and Cyclopes; the Island of Aiolos, where he got help from the god of wind. He went through the Island of Laistrygones and the Circe’s island; after that, he went to the Underworld, where he met his dead mother and got advice from Teiresias. Then, he and his friends sailed to the Island of the Sirens and Skylla, and then, to the cattle of Helios, where all his warriors died. Odysseus came to the Phaiakians, where he got a magical ship and finally reached Ithaca. However, his adventures did not end, and he had to battle his wife’s suitors before entering his house in his appearance.
Unlike Odysseus, Aeneas wanted to fulfill the task, given him by the gods. As soon as he heard the message from gods, “He burns to flee | from Carthage; he would quit these pleasant lands, | astonished by such warnings, the command | of gods.” It is obvious that Aeneas felt his duty for the gods and wanted to satisfy them, unlike Odysseus, who thought of his personal wishes. Moreover, it was Aeneas’ instinct to obey the gods and leave his beloved Dido for the sake of his nation. Thus, he was lead by the sense of duty for other people but not his personal desires. Aeneas defended his people, and Odysseus often abandoned them and betrayed those who loved him. For instance, when he got to the Island of Kalypso, he “was detained by the queenly nymph Kalypso, bright among goddesses.” He never thought of his wife when he was there. Thus, Odysseus acted selfishly in different situations. This fact made him a bad leader because he returned to Ithaca alone, and all his warriors died in their journey. Therefore, Virgil compared the sense of duty of Aeneas and self-interest of Odysseus in order to show that Roman culture was higher than that of Greek.
Both Odysseus and Aeneas were leaders for their people. However, Aeneas was more successful leader since he acted for the sake of his nation and even managed to avoid several dangers, such as, for example, Charybdis and the Scylla: “Helenus | had warned us we were not to hold our course | through Scylla and Charybdis, where each way | is neighbor to our death. We must sail back.” On the contrary, Odysseus did not want to avoid these monsters and lead his crew to them. At the same time, Odysseus is depicted as a more humane warrior since he always thinks of his family and tries to return to it after every battle. Moreover, he is described as an intellectual and tricky man, and these qualities help him to survive in the wars. However, Odysseus fought mostly for his personal purposes. Aeneas did not think of his personal happiness with Dido but he acted as a real warrior whose aim was to defend his nation. He illustrated the best features, valued by the Roman, such as military power and vigorousness.
The Aeneid is a reflection of the ideal Roman society. Virgil wanted to create a strong and fearless nation, which would be able to conquer the whole world. The main goal of his protagonist was to build an empire and become a perfect leader for his people. On the contrary, Homer was focused on the wars of a single hero, whose aim was to conquer his enemies and return to his wife and his son. Thus, one may conclude that the Romans valued the unity of the nation, and the Greeks appreciated the unity of the family, which is illustrated by means of the protagonists’ roles in both epics.
Interestingly, the Romans are shown as the creators and the Greeks as the destroyers. Aeneas wanted to build a society, to create a better place for his people. Odysseus, after the sack of Troy, destroyed everything in the Peloponnesian war. Thus, Virgil considered Aeneas the real hero and the father of Rome, unlike Odysseus, who was just a selfish and narcissistic man. At the same time, Odysseus was much wiser than Aeneas since he thought over his every step before beginning the fight. For example, he invented the way to render Cyclop harmless: “Next I told the rest of the men to cast lots, to find out | Which of them must endure with me to take up the great | Beam | And spin it in Cyclop’s eye when sweet sleep had come over him.” Unlike Odysseus, Aeneas was more impulsive, and he usually took his decisions without thinking them over. These qualities may identify the Greeks with a wise and reasonable nation and the Romans with an emotional and impulsive nation. Thus, through the protagonists’ characters, Homer and Virgil attempted to depict their nations as the best nations from their perspectives.
Both Odysseus and Aeneas represent their cultures when thinking of home and love. For instance, Odysseus was attached to his home, and even when he lived with Kalypso and could have stayed with her forever, he chose home. Aeneas did not think of home too much. He felt good in Carthage, and he left it only because Jupiter told him to leave it. When looking at Greek and Roman culture, one may notice that although Greece is small, it preserves its traditions and values its land. The Roman Empire is much bigger. However, Romans easily got their lands and did not value them. They had no particular sense of home since there were many places to go and have a rest. Thus, they did not appreciate home in the same way as the Greeks did. In addition, the attitude toward love and women was also different. Although Odysseus betrayed his wife with other women, those women were immortal, and he still wanted to return to Penelope. Moreover, Penelope always believed that he would return to her, and she “never did have any doubt,” which proves their strong love and devotion to each other. Aeneas, on the contrary, did not love his wife since he preferred to save his old father instead of her during the Trojan War. This moment shows that women in the Roman culture were of little importance; moreover, they were just additions to their husbands. Thus, Odysseus and Aeneas differ in some qualities, and this difference is influenced by their cultures.
After reading the two epics, one may say that the plots and the descriptions of the characters are similar. However, when looking through the details, it is obvious that there are many differences. Most of the differences illustrate the Greek and Roman cultures and diverse values of these nations. Odysseus is depicted as a selfish and fearless mortal human being, who is devoted to his home and who loves his wife Penelope. Aeneas is shown as a strong and powerful son of goddess and a mortal man. He acts impulsively and easily gets the victories. He does not have a strongly expressed sense of home, and he shows no love and respect to his wife. Nevertheless, both protagonists are heroes for their nations; they are ideal rulers and warriors for Homer’s and Virgil’s cultures. It is difficult to define who is a better hero and who is a worse one because it depends on the comprehension of culture and national standards. However, one may for sure claim that both Odysseus and Aeneas became the examples of heroism and intrepidity in the mythological world.
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Interview with Andrew Summer, Ph.D. Student
Andrew holds a B.S. in Chemical Engineering from Columbia University (New York, NY). He is currently investigating the interactions and reactivity of chemicals added to hydraulic fracturing fluid used in natural gas extraction. He aims to understand the subsurface formation of organic species, specifically organohalides, that have been detected in flowback water after extraction. To this end, he is developing a custom high temperature and pressure reactor system to study the kinetics of organohalide formation mechanisms.
Interview with Eva Albalghiti, Master’s Student
Eva graduated from Yale College in 2017 with a B.S. in Environmental Engineering. She is currently pursuing a dual master’s degree with the Yale School of Forestry and Environmental Studies and Tsinghua University School of Environment, located in Beijing, China. She is continuing her work in the Zimmerman lab, applying her knowledge of nanomaterials to energy storage technologies.
Interview with Laurene Petitjean, Ph.D. Candidate
Laurene Petitjean has been working in sustainability and green chemistry long before she joined the Center for Green Chemistry & Green Engineering at Yale. Her current project focuses on valorizing the waste product lignin from the bioethanol and pulp and paper industries. Laurene has graciously provided us with an interview about her work.
Interview with Hanno Eyrthropel, Postdoctoral Associate
Hanno’s interest in Green Chemistry was first sparked during his German combined undergraduate and Master’s degree in chemistry, during which he completed a minor in International Sustainability Management after spending an exchange year in the laboratory of Prof. Luis at Universitat Jaume I in Castellon, Spain, working on ionic liquids.
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Denver says no to magic mushrooms in a major public vote
Voters in the Mile High City appeared to have voted down a first-in-the nation plan to decriminalize the use and possession of “magic mushrooms” known for sending users on psychedelic journeys.
The measure was sponsored by a group of citizen activists, including a former cadet at the U.S. Military Academy at West Point who had touted the drug’s role in dramatically alleviating the symptoms of major depression.
Late Tuesday night, the measure appeared headed for defeat, with 52 percent of voters rejecting it.
Initiative 301, as it was known locally, would have changed city code to say that enforcing laws for possession of psilocybin mushrooms by people 21 or older “shall be the lowest law enforcement priority in the City and County of Denver.”
But there were caveats. It would have still been illegal to possess “magic mushrooms,” and sales of the drug would still have been considered a felony. The federal government, which outlawed psilocybin in 1968, classifies it as a Schedule I drug with “no currently accepted medical use and a high potential for abuse.”
And yet a small body of research has found that the substance helps reduce symptoms of anxiety and depression in cancer patients, and other advocates have said it helped treat post-traumatic stress disorder and chronic pain.
The substance, most commonly associated with the “hippie” culture of the 1960s, has been used in religious settings for decades, and it is known to radically alter perceptions — users have reported seeing vivid geometric patterns, shapes and colors — or inspire mystical experiences.
The city’s district attorney, Beth McCann, also opposed the initiative, partly because the city is still trying to understand the effects of marijuana decriminalization, both at the local and statewide local, according to her spokeswoman Carolyn Tyler.
Denver – the first major city to vote for decriminalizing a drug
Denver was the first major city to hold a public vote on decriminalizing such substances. Before the results were tallied, Decriminalize Denver campaign director Kevin Matthews, 33, said the measure had already proven to be a victory. The group collected more than 9,000 signatures to place the question before voters, mostly outside grocery stores and music venues.
“A lot of people who signed our petition said they are tired of seeing people going to jail over what they choose to put in their body,”
Matthews said.
Matthews said making the drug legal could have helped with mental health and addiction problems.
“Potentially the American people are ready for a new conversation around our nation’s drug priorities. It’s a signal to the rest of the country that at least here in Denver we are ready to start removing some of these substances off the controlled substances list.”
Matthews added.
Psilocybin has been classified as a Schedule 1 controlled substance since 1970 by the federal government. That means it is considered a drug with with high abuse potential and no “accepted” medical value. It also means that university research and possession of the drug are prohibited under federal law. Marijuana, which is already legal across Colorado, is also a Schedule 1 drug.
Rock groups such as the Grateful Dead and Allman Brothers Band frequently used images of mushrooms in their logos, T-shirts and other merchandise.
The initiative would not have allowed the mushrooms to be sold under Denver’s cannabis businesses. Colorado, along with Washington, became the first states to allow recreational marijuana for adults over the age of 21 in November 2012.
Source: eu.usatoday.com
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The Indypendent
Indy 20th Anniv. Videos
A Free Paper for Free People
Linda Sarsour on Life Under Bloomberg and Fighting for Bernie
Bloomberg Files
Linda Sarsour.Photo: Eric McGregor.
'Not to make any judgment on whether his stop-and-frisk apology was sincere or not, because that’s for black and brown people who were impacted by stop-and-frisk to say — but he hasn’t even offered our community an apology.'
Ariel Boone Feb 29, 2020
Open, unapologetic discrimination against whole groups of people has been one of the hallmarks of the Trump administration. But it didn’t begin with him. Here in New York, one of the leading candidates to replace Trump presided over a police state that invaded every corner of the local Muslim-American community. Linda Sarsour witnessed it first-hand. The Brooklyn-based civil rights activist and mother of three recently spoke with The Indypendent about her community’s fight for inclusion and respect, her new book and whether people-powered movements or big money will ultimately prevail in this year’s presidential election. This interview has been edited for length and clarity.
The Indypendent: In your new book We Are Not Here to Be Bystanders: A Memoir of Love and Resistance, you write about clashing directly with Michael Bloomberg when he was mayor and the Coalition for Muslim School Holidays was pushing NYC to recognize Eid in schools. The environment was hostile for Muslim schoolchildren at the time. Talk about why you were fighting for this, and what Bloomberg did.
Linda Sarsour: As a product of the New York City public school system, having to choose between my faith and my education was something that I had to do every year. Becoming a mother myself and choosing to send my children to public school, I was committed alongside many parents to push the school system to recognize the two high holy holidays in the Islamic calendar.
This was not us asking New York City for any favors. It was about getting the type of recognition and inclusion and respect that our children in this public school system deserved. We did everything we needed to do. Petitions, press conferences, rallies, town hall meetings, op-eds in the newspapers. Every organizing tool we had, we used.
And Michael Bloomberg shut us down immediately. He was in a meeting sitting literally right across from me. He got up in the middle of the meeting and said, “I don’t care what you do. I don’t care how many petitions you gather. I’m just not going to do it.”
Knowing the context of post-9/11 America, knowing those statistics of the high rates of bullying against Muslim children, nothing moved this man. We ended the campaign under his tenure, and we started it again in 2013 as a new administration was taking place.
Because of him, it took nine years.
In my book, I titled that chapter “Love Letter.” It is a love letter to our children, to Muslim children. And the fact that it took nine years for the city that many [Muslim children] were born and raised in to tell them that they were welcome, that they were included and respected in the public school system — it was heartbreaking as much as it was a victory when we actually won.
When Communities United for Police Reform pushed the Community Safety Act to end discriminatory profiling and curtail searches by NYPD, you mobilized supporters, you bird-dogged councilmembers, you held rallies, but ultimately you had to win a veto-proof majority to defeat Bloomberg. What happened?
The Community Safety Act did two things. It expanded the protected categories of discrimination to include religion. As you know, the Muslim spying program was built on the idea of discriminating against an entire community based on faith. We also added housing status, and of course, sexual orientation and gender expression.
The second piece of it was the creation of an inspector general outside of the NYPD that would monitor its policies and procedures. Pretty much every single city department had some sort of independent oversight except the NYPD, the largest police force in the country. All it had was an internal affairs bureau, which, of course, is not transparent and does not hold any NYPD officials accountable.
In 2013, we went to the City Council. We did our organizing and we were able to get a majority to vote in support of the Community Safety Act. Because it was not a veto-proof majority, Mayor Bloomberg vetoed it.
In the interim, between Mayor Bloomberg’s veto and us going back for another vote, Bloomberg started funding candidates against City Councilmembers who voted with us and funding those who did not vote with us. He was intimidating Councilmembers not to vote with us on the second vote, using his resources to go up against poor, working-class people of color who only wanted a fair and just police department.
He invested money in ads. We went back for a vote in the summer. It was in the middle of the night, but we mobilized, we filled the chambers, and history happened. We were able to get a veto-proof majority, and create an independent inspector general.
Bloomberg was not happy with us at all. He felt defeated. He saw us as the enemy, and again started calling us “special interest groups backed by some elected officials.”
He never really wanted to hear about the direct impact that stop and frisk and surveillance had on Muslim communities, never wanted to be in that hard conversation. He does not like to be criticized, and he doesn’t really intend to engage people.
You also write about the NYPD’s infiltration and surveillance of mosques, social spaces, NYC neighborhoods, even campus groups. A journalist showed you a leaked confidential informant file showing that the NYPD tried to infiltrate the board of the Arab American Association while you were the executive director. Do you credit Bloomberg with starting the NYPD surveillance?
I don’t know exactly the moment that it happened. What I do know is that the majority of the program was implemented under Mayor Bloomberg with his support. He has publicly, over and over again, justified the program.
As Muslim communities and our allies organized against the NYPD’s surveillance and Mayor Bloomberg supported it, he was always on the defense. There was never a time where he said, “Let me reflect. Let me think about this and how it’s impacting this community,” even after a 2012 deposition by Thomas Galati, a chief intelligence officer at the NYPD, who said that this program produced zero leads.
We’re talking about a program that impacted at least a million New Yorkers, over 250 mosques and hundreds of businesses, Muslim student associations and nonprofit organizations. It included taking pictures of the license plates of people who congregated at mosques and infiltration by “mosque crawlers,” “rakers” and informants.
Not to make any judgment on whether his stop-and-frisk apology was sincere or not, because that’s for black and brown people who were impacted by stop-and-frisk to say — but he hasn’t even offered our community an apology.
Do you think the anti-Muslim surveillance from the NYPD continues? Are they still manipulating undocumented people and green card holders into becoming informants?
Absolutely. The only thing that stopped was the NYPD Demographics Unit, whose sole purpose was to map the Muslim-American community. Now, they’ve already done that. They know exactly where we are. They know exactly where we eat, where we shop, where we pray. So there is really no more need for the Demographics Unit. Its work is done, in my opinion.
Does the way Michael Bloomberg weaponized the city and the country against Muslims when he was mayor disqualify him from the presidency?
There’s a lot about Mayor Bloomberg that disqualifies him from the presidency. I don’t want to just replace one billionaire with another.
Mayor Bloomberg’s justification for the unwarranted surveillance of Muslim communities reinforced the stereotypes and ideas that people had post 9/11, that somehow we must protect ourselves from the Muslims. Mayor Bloomberg did not have our best interests at heart.
Why would anyone vote for a man that was willing to give up an entire community’s civil liberties? What’s to confirm that would not happen if he was the president of the United States of America?
I don’t mind voting for someone who I may vehemently disagree with on one or two issues. I have said, listen, if my candidate does not win this nomination, I am willing to consider voting for someone else. But I have a personal line that I don’t want to cross, and that is to vote for Mayor Michael Bloomberg.
Bernie Sanders has broken out and become the Democratic frontrunner. Bloomberg is spending his way into the race and threatening to bombard the country with hundreds of millions of dollars in anti-Bernie ads. As a Sanders national surrogate, what do you think Bloomberg is doing in this race?
My opinion as an observer, and of course as a supporter of one of the major candidates, is that he’s not running against Trump, he’s running against Bernie Sanders. That’s very obvious from the attack ads that have been directed at Bernie and some of the language and rhetoric that he’s used at the debates, his insisting that Bernie Sanders could not beat Donald Trump, his fear-mongering around words like socialism and this idea that Bernie is not good for the economy.
‘It’s so natural for me to be part of the Bernie Sanders campaign because I don’t have to change anything about myself.’
He’s disrupting our democracy with his money. And more Americans need to be outraged about that.
Bloomberg is here to defeat and try to weaken Bernie as he gets to the Democratic National Convention. And at the end of the day, if we get to a brokered convention, that would be a disaster, because we will leave that convention splintered as a Democratic Party. Will we have enough time to heal to get to the general election and beat Donald Trump?
So ultimately, what do you think is more powerful? Unlimited money and all the ads, endorsements and glowing corporate media coverage it can buy, or a people-powered movement?
One of the reasons why I support Bernie Sanders is not necessarily because of Bernie as one human being. I support his movement. I see his momentum as an extension of the work I do every single day.
That’s why it’s so natural for me to be part of the Bernie Sanders campaign because I don’t have to change anything about myself. I’m still Palestinian. I’m still unapologetically Muslim. I unapologetically support marijuana legalization. I support criminal justice reform, immigrant rights and immigration reform. I support the dignity and sanctity of black life. I don’t have to change anything that I believe to conform to a campaign, and that is why Bernie has the most momentum in this country.
And why do most Americans believe that he does, in fact, have the most chance of all the candidates to beat Donald Trump? It’s because he has a movement behind him. And we’re gonna be there with him. Even when he gets into the White House, I’m committed to being the protester-in-chief outside to make sure that we are holding Bernie Sanders accountable to the promises that he made our movements.
Linda Sarsour’s new book, “We Are Not Here to Be Bystanders: A Memoir of Love and Resistance,” is out March 3 from Simon & Schuster.
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Portland, Oregon Acupuncture Clinic
How Chinese Medicine Came to Portland, Oregon
Twenty-first century Portland is home to a thriving community of acupuncturists, herbalists, bodyworkers, chiropractors and naturopaths. Portland is known as a hub for education and innovation in “alternative medicine” – a term that groups together diverse disciplines, each with its own theory and methods of practice.
You may be surprised to learn that the history of Chinese medicine and acupuncture in Portland is much older than the present day “alternative medicine” revival. In fact, Chinese medicine and acupuncture were brought to Portland, Oregon and the western United States in the 1800s. Thousands of Chinese immigrants came to the American West as laborers, working in mines and building railroads. Chinese medicine and acupuncture are an important part of Chinese American cultural heritage in Portland, Oregon and the West.
“Doc” Hay & Lung On
One doctor in particular is credited as the father of Chinese medicine in Oregon, Ing Hay. Ing Hay settled in the Oregon town of John Day in 1882 after leaving his native China. He was better known as “Doc” Hay.
Doc Hay was a pulsologist, or rather a doctor who could diagnose ailments by feeling a patient’s pulse. He impressed onlookers and patients by guessing what was wrong with them before they even had a chance to tell him.
He was good friends with another Chinese immigrant, Lung On. Lung On was one of few Chinese men who truly assimilated into wild western culture in Oregon, due mostly to his English fluency and pronunciation. Lung On (called Leon by his American friends) was well-liked and introduced Doc Hay to his fellow coworkers and pals. Together, they became business partners in the Kam Wah Chung Company, meaning “Golden Flower of Prosperity” in Chinese. The Kam Wah Chung Company was a grocery store with all kinds of goods popular with Chinese migrant workers. Doc Hays provided much needed medical care, and Lung On turned the Kam Way Chung store into a well-rounded social gathering space.
Oregon’s “Blood-Poisoning” Doctor
In the 1880s, many people sickened and died after suffering minor cuts and scrapes. We now know these were septic infections, but it was referred to as “blood poisoning” at the time. Western medicine had only primitive understanding of germ theory, and antibiotics had not been invented. Doc Hay used herbal medicine that was effective in treating infections and many other illnesses. Thanks to both the efficacy of his herbs and to Lung On’s fluency in English, Ing Hay’s medical reputation spread to the Caucasian community. The pragmatic ranchers and farmers of eastern Oregon were more than willing to adopt Chinese medicine if it saved lives.
His herbal mixtures were so effective that he escaped prosecution for operating without a U.S. medical license because no one in the local court system dared lock up the man responsible for healing them and their family members. In fact, when the devastating Spanish Flu ravaged the world, not a single person treated by Doc Hay died. People would come to him from all over the country.
Doc’s Legacy & the Kam Wah Chung Museum
Sadly, Lung On became very sick and nothing Doc tried helped to heal him. He succumbed in 1940 to his illness, and from that point on, Doc was a very different man. He continued to treat patients, but he was not the happy and social man they had known him as before the death of his best friend.
When Doc died in 1952, their clinic was deeded to the town of John Day and boarded up. It wasn’t until 1967 that the city realized they should do something with the property, at which point they opened the doors to discover a time capsule. Doc had left everything in perfect order, including a box of uncashed checks from patients totaling approximately $23,000 in today’s currency. He apparently didn’t cash them if he thought the patient needed the money more than Doc did. When the city explored the site in 1967, they found over 500 herbs intact that were used in Doc’s treatments, many of which we still use and administer today.
In 1973, The Kam Wah Chung Company building was added to the National Register of Historic Places. It opened as a museum shortly thereafter in 1975. The Kam Wah Chung Company site was named a National Historic Landmark in 2005.
Portland’s First Chinese Herbalist: C. Leo Gee Wo
While Doc Hay and Lung On were practicing in eastern Oregon, the frontier city of Portland gained its first Chinese medicine doctor, C. Leo Gee Wo. Dr. Wo was married to a Caucasian woman from Iowa, Sadie Starbuck. Sometime around 1900 they arrived as a family in Portland. Dr. Wo established the C. Gee Wo Chinese Medicine Company in downtown Portland at 310 SW Alder. His Chinese medicine practice was an immediate success.
Unusually, Dr. Wo purchased and owned a home in the Albina district of NE Portland. This is notable because at the time Chinese suffered discrimination. Most lived in a Chinese ghetto and were not allowed to own property in Portland or the State of Oregon. Dr. Wo was probably allowed to purchase the home because of his Caucasian wife. They later built a larger home next to his original home, incorporating Chinese elements into the Craftsman design.
Inner Works Acupuncture & the Portland Community
The practice of Chinese herbal medicine and acupuncture began to grow in the U.S. in the 1970s when China reopened trade relations.
Today, Chinese herbs are widely used by licensed acupuncturists and practitioners of Chinese medicine for pain relief, preventive care, and treatment of many chronic and acute conditions. We strongly recommend consulting a board-certified herbalist and licensed acupuncturist before taking Chinese herbs. Prescribing Chinese herbs is a complex medical art. Please avoid over-the-counter herbal supplements unless they are of guaranteed high quality and are prescribed by an expert.
Inner Works Acupuncture was established by Dr. Elizabeth Zenger for the purpose of sharing the gifts of ancient Chinese herbal medicine, Five Element acupuncture, and Zero Balancing bodywork. The methods combine to form a holistic healing and treatment approach to help with a full spectrum of health problems, ranging from chronic illness such as allergies and eczema to event-specific trauma or injury. To learn more or schedule an appointment, contact us today at (503) 227-2127.
The office of Inner Works Acupuncture will be closed from September 5 to September 14, 2020, for a week holiday.
If you send us a message, please excuse a delay in response. We will respond after Sept. 14.
Receive our newsletter & service updates
Inner Works Acupuncture provides full-body healing and long-lasting relief from many common conditions through Five Element acupuncture sessions. Contact Dr. Elizabeth Zenger today at (503) 227-2127 to learn more and to schedule an appointment.
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Breast Cancer Test
Colorectal Cancer Test
Todos Medical Enters Into Direct Exclusive Distribution Agreement With Gnomegen and Announces US FDA Emergency Use Authorization for its COVID-19 qPCR Test Kits
Download as PDF May 11, 2020 8:51am EDT
· Exclusive Distribution agreement covers North America, Latin America, SE Asia, Europe
· Validation of Gnomegen qPCR kits now complete at CLIA/CAP-certified lab partner
· Focus now on commercialization of combination PCR/antibody testing paradigm
REHOVOT, Israel, SINGAPORE and NEW YORK, NY, May 11, 2020 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- via NEWMEDIAWIRE -- Todos Medical Ltd. (OTCQB: TOMDF), a commercial in vitro diagnostics company focused on the development of blood tests for the early detection of cancer and neurodegenerative disorders, as well as antibody and PCR tests for COVID-19, today announced that it has entered into an exclusive distribution agreement with Gnomegen LLC (“Gnomegen”) for the distribution of its digital and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (Digital PCR and qPCR) COVID-19 testing kits in North America, Europe, Southeast Asia and Latin America. In addition, the Company announced that Gnomegen’s qPCR test received Emergency Use Authorization (“EUA”) from the US Food & Drug Administration (FDA) diagnostic test for COVID-19 on May 8th, 2020. Further, the Company announced that it has completed validation testing for the Gnomegen qPCR reagents and is now entering preparations to commercially launch the test in the United States through its partner CLIA lab.
On April 15, 2020, CMS increased its payment rates for High-Throughput SARS-CoV-2 diagnostic tests that use high-throughput technologies allowing for increased capacity and faster results to $100 per test. A High-Throughput testing lab can process at least 200 specimens per day using “highly-sophisticated equipment that requires specially trained technicians and more more-intensive processes to assure quality,” according to CMS. Todos expects that its CLIA lab partner will be able to process up to 2,000 tests per day with existing equipment, and can ramp up to 7,000 tests per day over the summer of 2020.
“Todos Medical has been positioning itself as a distribution partner to testing labs throughout the world, including high-complexity CLIA labs here in the United States, by securing stable access to large quantities of high quality Digital PCR and qPCR reagents, RNA extraction reagents, RNA sample collection kits, automated RNA extraction machines and validated point-of-care fingerprick antibody tests that are currently authorized to be run in a high-complexity CLIA lab environments,” said Gerald Commissiong, President & CEO of Todos. “We believe that in order to achieve the testing capacity required to address COVID-19, it is important for labs transitioning into COVID testing to have access to quality materials and supplies, and to be able to do both antibody testing and PCR testing. We will have access to potentially over 2 million extraction kits per week based on existing contracts with our existing suppliers, and now that we have an EUA-approved qPCR product we can begin to market a full solution to labs in the US and abroad so that they can meet the demands of the market as it matures heading into the summer of 2020.”
About the SARS-CoV-2 Coronavirus (COVID-19)
Coronaviruses are a family of viruses that can lead to respiratory illness, including Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS-CoV) and Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS-CoV). Coronaviruses can be transmitted between animals and people and evolve into strains not previously identified in humans. On January 7, 2020, a novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) was identified as the cause of pneumonia cases in Wuhan, Hubei Province of China, and additional cases have been found in a growing number of countries worldwide. COVID-19 is the disease caused by SARS-CoV-2.
About Todos Medical Ltd.
Headquartered in Rehovot, Israel, Todos Medical Ltd. (OTCQB: TOMDF) engineers life-saving diagnostic solutions for the early detection of a variety of cancers. The Company's state-of-the-art and patented Todos Biochemical Infrared Analyses (TBIA) is a proprietary cancer-screening technology using peripheral blood analysis that deploys deep examination into cancer's influence on the immune system, looking for biochemical changes in blood mononuclear cells and plasma. Todos' two internally-developed cancer-screening tests, TMB-1 and TMB-2, have received a CE mark in Europe and are currently in a pre-commercial study with its distribution partner Orot+ (a division of Luces-Orot). Todos recently entered into an exclusive option agreement to acquire U.S.-based medical diagnostics company Provista Diagnostics, Inc. to gain rights to its Alpharetta, Georgia-based CLIA/CAP certified lab and Provista's proprietary commercial-stage Videssa® breast cancer blood test. The transaction is expected to close in the second quarter of 2020.
Through Breakthrough Diagnostics, Inc., its joint venture with Amarantus Bioscience Holdings, Inc. (OTC: AMBS), Todos is also actively involved with the development of blood tests for the early detection of neurodegenerative disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease. Todos expected to complete the remaining unowned interest in Breakthrough in the second quarter of 2020.
Todos recently entered into distribution agreements with China-based companies to distribute certain novel coronavirus (COVID-19) test kits. The Company has entered into distribution agreements covering the U.S. and Israel with Gibraltar Brothers & Associates, LLC, a U.S.-based subsidiary of Shanghai Liangrun Biomedicine Technology Co. (Shanghai), for its proprietary colloidal gold immunochromatography (Colloidal Gold) point-of-care IgM/IgM-based antibody test kits, and with 3DMedicine Science & Technology Co (3DMed), a China-based cancer precision medicine company, for distribution in the U.S. and Israel of its ANDiS® SARS-CoV-2 Detection Kit (COVID), ANDiS® SARS-CoV-2 & Influenza A/B Detection Kit (COVID/Flu) and its proprietary ANDiS®350 3DMed Automated Solution countertop real-time PCR machine (3D Machine). Todos has formed Corona Diagnostics, LLC, a joint venture with Emerald Organic Products, Inc. (OTC: EMOR), to support the commercialization of its COVID-19 testing paradigm.
For more information, please visit https://www.todosmedical.com/
Certain statements contained in this press release may constitute forward-looking statements. For example, forward-looking statements are used when discussing our expected clinical development programs and clinical trials. These forward-looking statements are based only on current expectations of management, and are subject to significant risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from those described in the forward-looking statements, including the risks and uncertainties related to the progress, timing, cost, and results of clinical trials and product development programs; difficulties or delays in obtaining regulatory approval or patent protection for product candidates; competition from other biotechnology companies; and our ability to obtain additional funding required to conduct our research, development and commercialization activities. In addition, the following factors, among others, could cause actual results to differ materially from those described in the forward-looking statements: changes in technology and market requirements; delays or obstacles in launching our clinical trials; changes in legislation; inability to timely develop and introduce new technologies, products and applications; lack of validation of our technology as we progress further and lack of acceptance of our methods by the scientific community; inability to retain or attract key employees whose knowledge is essential to the development of our products; unforeseen scientific difficulties that may develop with our process; greater cost of final product than anticipated; loss of market share and pressure on pricing resulting from competition; and laboratory results that do not translate to equally good results in real settings, all of which could cause the actual results or performance to differ materially from those contemplated in such forward-looking statements. Except as otherwise required by law, Todos Medical does not undertake any obligation to publicly release any revisions to these forward-looking statements to reflect events or circumstances after the date hereof or to reflect the occurrence of unanticipated events. For a more detailed description of the risks and uncertainties affecting Todos Medical, please refer to its reports filed from time to time with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission.
Investor and Corporate Contact:
Kim Sutton Golodetz
LHA Investor Relations
kgolodetz@lhai.com
Corporate Contact:
Todos Medical
Dan.h@todosmedical.com
Source: Todos Medical Ltd.
© 2021 Todos Medical Site Map
Site by ImagineBio
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10 Great Zingers From Scientists
Esther Inglis-Arkell
Just because scientists don't generally major in English doesn't mean they can't turn a phrase. Especially when that phrase is mean-spirited. Take a look at ten verbal burns that scientists have issued over the years.
1. Feynman gets snide with biology students
Richard Feynman was a brilliant man with an admirable curiosity and sense of playfulness, but he was also insufferably smug. In one of his books he describes giving a lecture to fourth-year biology students. He draws a cat and starts naming the muscles in it. They tell him they know the muscle groups:
"Oh," I say, "you do? Then no wonder I can catch up with you so fast after you've had four years of biology." They had wasted all their time memorizing stuff like that, when it could be looked up in fifteen minutes.
It would be kind of hilarious if one of them had grown up to be a doctor, had waited until Feynman had had some kind of medical emergency and then said, "Just give me fifteen minutes to look up what to do! Didn't want to waste my time with memorization!"
2. Marie Curie gives a verbal slap to reporters
Marie Curie's extraordinary success, her gender, and her tragic early-widowhood made her an icon. Everywhere she went, reporters followed her. They reported scandal whenever it seemed that she had initiated a new relationship. In the end, Curie got tired of all the questions, and issued the terse quote, "In science we must be interested in things, not people." It didn't work, but it was a nice line.
3. Marie Curie also verbally slaps other scientists
Curie herself, her husband, her daughter, and her daughter's husband were all well-known scientists, and much embedded in the community. In any community feuds spring up. Since Curie was famous, she managed to get the last word in. Here was her great line: "There are sadistic scientists who hurry to hunt down errors instead of establishing the truth."
4. Rutherford slams everyone except for physicists
Ernest Rutherford was a hard-working New Zealander who is considered the father of nuclear physics. And like all proud papas, he thought his kid was the best on the block. And like all proud jerks, he let people know about it. He lived in a time when physicists were making great discoveries about the structure of the universe, while other scientists were often sidelined into tedious classification rather than field study. And so he came out with the famous, if obnoxious quote: "All of science is either physics or stamp collecting." Good thing he didn't live to seen the genetics revolution.
5. Richard Feynman tells people that Physicists Do It Superfluously
Good old Feynman. You can always depend on him for a good line. One of his most famouse one-liners was in reply to people who questioned the practicality of some forms of physics. To them he said, "Physics is like sex. Sure, it may give us some practical results but that's not why we do it."
6. Ernest Lawrence shuts down a General
General Leslie Groves was in charge of the Manhattan Project during the war. He was not pleased with his assignment. The scientists working on the project were not pleased with his assignment either. From the beginning there were personality conflicts. On Groves' first meeting with Ernest Lawrence, the inventor of the cyclotron atom smasher and a famous Nobel Prize winner, Groves told Lawrence that his reputation depended on his work on the Manhattan Project. Lawrence replied, "My reputation is already made. It is yours that depends on the outcome of the Manhattan Project."
7. Newton stands on the shoulders of giants and spits on his short friend
The phrase, "If I have seen farther than other men, it is because I have stood on the shoulders of giants," has deep roots. Plenty of people have used it, including Isaac Newton. Many people have interpreted this as Newton being humble about his genius. Others have pointed out that he wrote this line in a letter to Robert Hooke, after passive-aggressively panning Hooke's theories. They also point out that Hooke had suffered some childhood medical problems and was a slight man. It's not clear if this quote really is a burn - which makes it the biggest burn of all, since Hooke would have had to reply politely.
8. Wolfgang Pauli gives a paper the ultimate insult
Wolfgang Pauli was a physicist and a perfectionist. Not only did he drive himself to perfection, but he expected it of those around him. When they fell far short, he knew how to kick them when they were down. He famously said of one paper, "This isn't right! It's not even wrong!" The phrase has since been used to describe the shortcomings of an argument that doesn't manage to grasp the basics of a problem. If someone were to say that five squared equals twenty-five, they'd be right. If they said it equaled one hundred and twenty-five, they'd be wrong. If they drew the number five in a square and said that was the answer, they'd have demonstrated that they needed to be educated on the meaning of 'five squared' before they could even get the wrong answer. They'd have given an answer that's 'not even wrong'.
9. Niels Bohr slaps down Einstein
One of the best lines in all of science was used to score points against arguably the most famous scientist of all time. One night, a group of physicists including Niels Bohr and Albert Einstein were discussing the frustrating nature of quantum mechanics. Einstein was in full form, uttering his famous quote, "God does not play dice with the universe." Bohr looked at him and replied, "Einstein, don't tell God what to do."
10. Lewis Thomas gives me an excuse.
Oops. My original post only had 9 items. In looking for an actual tenth quote for this daily ten, I leafed through Richard Dawkins - he's got a million of them - but then I found this little gem from Lewis Thomas, a physician, researcher, and famous science writer:
The capacity to blunder slightly is the real marvel of DNA. Without this special attribute, we would still be anaerobic bacteria and there would be no music.
Damn, Lewis. If you took away the 'slightly' part - I'm well ahead of the curve.
Via Astro Central, Columbia, Quotations Page, Brainyquote, and Good Reads.
Dr Emilio Lizardo
Sometimes the insult is wrong. When Barry Marshall and Robin Warren submitted a paper concluding that must stomach ulcers were caused by a bacteria (H. pylori) one of the reviewers sent back a cassette tape that was just 15 minutes of laughter. They had the last laugh in 2005 when they accepted their Nobel Prize.
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You are here: Home / Blog / College Application Advice / The Right Elite College for LGBT+ Students
December 30, 2015 /in College Application Advice /by Michael Goran
IvySelect college admissions consultants have assisted many students in the difficult process of gaining admission to Ivy League and other elite institutions. As part of this process, we teach students the art of positive self-presentation to increase the probability that they will be chosen from an intensely competitive field. We coach them through high school course selection and advise them on standardized tests. We assist in the critical tasks of writing outstanding essays and developing extracurricular talents that will appeal to admissions officials. We do all this and more, yet we recognize that the student alone must cope with the pressure to earn an academic record that will survive the “first cut” review of an elite college.
All things considered, and even with the guidance of an IvySelect expert, the college admissions experience can be anxiety-ridden for a young person. So imagine the additional anxiety that an LGBT+ applicant might undergo. Until the last few years, applying to colleges was harrowing for gay students. They had to cope with the issue of whether to identify as gay, and, if so, how. In addition, LGBT+ students had difficulty discerning which elite colleges might fit them best.
Gay applicants can now more easily resolve the issues underlying their dilemma. This is 2015, the landmark year in which the Supreme Court affirmed that gay couples are entitled to the equal protection of the law regarding marriage. It’s fitting that many highly selective colleges now invite students to disclose their sexual orientation, gender identity, and preferred pronouns on their application. Certain elite institutions such as the University of Pennsylvania have gone further and announced that they would use application information about sexual orientation to recruit gay students. They consider this to be consistent with their diversity policies.
Not everyone agrees with this approach. The Common Application Board has declined to include a question about sexual orientation on the Common App. Their reasoning is that high school students are too young to be sure how to respond to a sexual orientation question. Even those who are sure but choose to remain closeted may find themselves in a bind. Supporting this viewpoint is Adam Chandler who, as a Yale undergraduate, knew he was gay but chose not to come out he was 28. He says:
“So as more and more colleges ask a question that is premature and impolite, what makes their inquiry truly nefarious is the quandary it represents for closeted applicants: Should they disclose their most closely held secret to increase their odds of admission?”
So, while the addition of a way for LGBT+ students to self-identify on college applications shows the progress that our society has made in civil rights, it also raises issues concerning the already controversial subject of affirmative action.
Despite opposing viewpoints, many elite institutions have elected to allow applicants to identify their sexual orientation and gender identity in supplemental application sections. A partial list of these schools includes UC-Berkeley, Smith, NYU, Penn, Bryn Mawr, Wellesley, Barnard, Duke, MIT, Dartmouth, Mount Holyoke, Cornell, UMass-Amherst, Princeton, University of Chicago, Tufts, Yale, Williams, and SUNY University Centers.
Of course, an IvySelect consultant won’t intercede in a student’s decision concerning whether to identify their sexual orientation and gender identity on college applications. This is a choice that should be made by the student as an individual.
If a student does choose to identify as LGBT+, this information will become part of the personal profile that is developed by your IvySelect college consultant. This profile incorporates the student’s personal interests, aptitudes, preferences, and goals. Among its other uses, your IvySelect college counselor will rely on this profile and his/her thorough knowledge of each elite institution to recommend which schools are the best admissions targets for the student. Because your IvySelect college admissions consultant knows these schools so well, he can apprise the student of those that are most welcoming to LGBT+ students.
https://ivyselect.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/receiving-admissions-counseling.jpg 362 552 Michael Goran https://ivyselect.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/04/testlogoivy-300x106.png Michael Goran2015-12-30 11:09:552016-11-18 20:50:56The Right Elite College for LGBT+ Students
Ivy League Admissions: What’s Luck Got to Do With It?
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Open Rank Non-Tenure-Track Faculty Position, Systems Engineering and Operations Research
Commensurate with education and experience.
FAC8143
Engineer, IT, QA Engineer, Systems Administrator
"George Mason University Department of Systems Engineering and Operations Research Open Rank Non-Tenure-Track Faculty Position
The George Mason University Department of Systems Engineering and Operations Research, within the Volgenau School of Engineering, invites applications for an open rank, renewable-term, non-tenure-track faculty position beginning Fall 2021. Senior candidates with established records of outstanding teaching and service to profession will be considered at ranks of Associate Professor or Professor. George Mason University has a strong institutional commitment to the achievement of excellence and diversity among its faculty and staff, and strongly encourages candidates to apply who will enrich Mason's academic and culturally inclusive environment.
Responsibilities The successful candidate will be expected to teach courses supporting the BS and MS programs in Systems Engineering and may teach systems engineering courses supporting the BS program in Cyber Security Engineering. This individual will have a position within the Department of Systems Engineering and Operations (SEOR). This position can be at any level (Assistant, Associate, or Full Professor) commensurate with education and experience. Teaching will primarily be at the undergraduate level but may also include the graduate level where appropriate. In addition, the successful candidate will coordinate courses, manage graduate teaching assistants, participate in student advising, serve on departmental committees, and perform other professional duties. A candidate with a research background, including scholarly publications and research funding, may be able to reduce the teaching course load through research activities. Collaborations within and beyond Mason, or as part of initiatives and cooperative ventures are encouraged.
Required Qualifications Applicants must have received a PhD in Systems Engineering, Operations Research, Industrial Engineering, or a related field by the start date of the position. Applicants should possess a strong commitment to and demonstrated excellence in teaching.
Preferred Qualifications We are seeking exceptional candidates in all areas of systems engineering. Preference will be given to candidates with prior teaching experience. We are particularly interested in candidates with strong foundations in model-based systems engineering. Ability to teach SysML in computing courses and experience in UML/object-oriented design and modeling are desired. For candidates considering a research component to their employment, we are looking for candidates to innovate systems engineering methods in emerging application areas such as cyber security, health care, energy, sustainability, financial engineering, artificial intelligence, and autonomous systems.
About the Department The Department of Systems Engineering and Operations Research has 23 full-time faculty members with wide-ranging research interests and a strong commitment to teaching. The department offers an ABET-accredited BS in Systems Engineering, MS degrees in both Operations Research and Systems Engineering, and a PhD in Systems Engineering and Operations Research. The department participates in the school-wide MS in Data Analytics Engineering program. The SEOR programs are ranked 39th nationally in their category in US News and World Report. For more information on the department, visit our web site: https://seor.vse.gmu.edu .
Mason Engineering: The Future of Engineering is Here The Volgenau School of Engineering at George Mason University is a fast-growing force for innovation in research and education. The school boasts more than 8,600 students in 37 undergraduate, master's, and doctoral degree programs, including several first-in-the-nation offerings. Of the 250 full-time faculty who comprise the School, 90 are tenured, 50 are tenure-track, 85 are instructional faculty, and 25 are research faculty. As part of a nationally ranked research university, its research teams expended more than $60 million in sponsored research awards last year and has projects with over $400 million in current and anticipated awards. Located in the heart of Northern Virginia's technology corridor, Mason Engineering stands out for its research in many leading areas including artificial intelligence, data analytics engineering, cybersecurity engineering, biomedical imaging and devices, community-based healthcare, autonomous systems, 5G communications, systems architectures, computational biomedicine, advanced materials and manufacturing, sustainable infrastructure, and more. The School encourages multidisciplinary research and provides faculty with opportunities to work with other disciplines.
George Mason University is the largest public research university in Virginia, with an enrollment of over 38,000 students studying in over 200 degree programs. Mason is an innovative, entrepreneurial institution with national distinction in a range of academic fields. It was classified as an R1 research institution in 2016 by the Carnegie Classifications of Institutes of Higher Education. Mason is located in the City of Fairfax in Northern Virginia at the doorstep of the Washington, D.C., metropolitan area, with unmatched geographical access to a number of federal agencies and national laboratories. Northern Virginia is also home to one of the largest concentrations of high-tech firms in the nation, providing excellent opportunities for interaction with industry. Fairfax is consistently rated as being among the best places to live in the country and has an outstanding local public school system.
In conjunction with Amazon's decision to establish a second headquarters in Northern Virginia, the Commonwealth of Virginia announced a multi-year plan to invest in the growth of degree programs in computing, and George Mason University has committed to accelerate its plans to grow its capacity in computing and high-tech fields. Among the exciting initiatives being undertaken by the university are the launch of the Institute for Digital InnovAtion (IDEA), a university think tank and incubator to serve the digital economy, and the expansion of its Arlington Campus with a planned 400,000 square foot Digital InnovAtion Building. These initiatives reflect hundreds of millions of dollars in new investment by Mason that will rapidly elevate Mason's already leading national position in computing and related areas. We also expect multiple joint faculty positions funded by Virginia's Tech Talent Investment Program."
"For full consideration, applicants must apply for position number F581AZ; at https://jobs.gmu.edu/ ; complete and submit the online application; and upload a statement of professional goals including your perspective on teaching and research (to attach as 'Other Doc'), a complete CV with publications, a statement on what diversity and inclusion means to you (to attach as 'Other Doc'), and the names of three professional references. The review of applications will begin January 11, 2021 and continue until the position is filled."
"Great Careers Begin at Mason!
George Mason University is an innovative, entrepreneurial institution with national distinction in both academics and research. Mason holds a top U.S. News and World Report "Up and Coming" spot for national universities and is recognized for its global appeal and excellence in higher education.
Mason is currently the largest and most diverse university in Virginia with students and faculty from all 50 states and over 135 countries studying in over 200 degree programs at campuses in Arlington, Fairfax and Prince William, as well as at learning locations across the commonwealth. Rooted in Mason's diversity is a campus culture that is both rewarding and exciting, work that is meaningful, and opportunities to both collaborate and create.
If you are interested in joining the Mason family take a look at our current opportunities and catch some Mason spirit at jobs.gmu.edu/!
George Mason University, Where Innovation is Tradition."
Open Rank Tenure-Track Faculty Positions, Electrical and Computer Engineering
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Engineer Education jobs in Fairfax
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FRANK STILWELL.- Beyond the Global Coronavirus Crisis: Austerity of Recovery?
By Frank Stilwell | On 1 April 2020
These are hard times. The twin crisis of public health and economic downturn has no simple solution. Some economists are now saying the economic effects of the Global Coronavirus crisis, or of how we’re responding to it, could be worse than the GFC. The parallel between the two instances (presumably they’ll soon bear the twin labels GFC and GCC) looks similar in terms of the suddenness of impact.
Some economists, such as Justin Wolfers, an Australian economist at the University of Michigan, are saying the current situation is more akin to the Great Depression, when official unemployment rates in countries like the USA and Australia were over 20% for many years. It is an awesome prospect. To avoid it happening requires remedial responses and purposeful policies from all whose behaviour influences economic outcomes – individuals, governments and public institutions (among which universities, for example, should be exemplars).
Individuals have been acting, as ever, with varying degrees of social responsibility. Panic buying in the shops, for example, shows us at our worst. It is indicative of how prioritising self-interest is destructive of social bonds. Reflecting on this, an editorial in the latest issue of The Saturday Paper opined ‘Really we should not be surprised. Panic buying isn’t an aberration – it’s the logical extension of a political system based entirely on selfishness an indifference, on the hoarding of wealth and property.’
Governments of neoliberal inclination may bear some responsibility for nurturing these sentiments. But, whatever their ideological inclination, they surely have the prime responsibility for developing remedial policies when society-wide crises occur. This expectation of the state is clearly embodied in Keynesian economics. Developed nearly a century ago – and having particular resonance in the context of the Great Depression – Keynes showed how governments can minimise the devastating economic and social effects of economic downturns. Otherwise, recessions turn into depressions with economically wasteful and socially hurtful long-term effects. Capitalist businesses lay off workers and cancel investment plans, further reducing the incomes on which the future demand for goods and services depend. Hence the standard Keynesian economic response of government policies to stimulate demand. Fiscal policy does it directly: increasing government expenditure boosts people’s incomes and capacity to spend. Monetary policy does it more indirectly by lowering official interest rates in the hope that ‘cheaper money’ will encourage businesses to borrow and invest more, creating more jobs and incomes.
That was the essence of the Australian government’s dominant policy response to the GFC. It was Keynesian orthodoxy and it clearly worked, preventing the economy experiencing the recession that had emanated from the USA and quickly spread worldwide. The Liberal-National coalition criticised the Labor government’s policy at the time, and have been blaming their own budget deficits on the ALP ever since, while promising that elusive ‘return to surplus’. Their new embrace of Keynesian stimulus was forced on them by the GCC, quite tentative at first before bringing the size of the stimulus up to about 3% of GDP in a second policy package this week. Clearly, there cannot be any budget surplus in Australia for a very long time now, irrespective of which party is in government. Nor should there be, because the current crisis has shown, for all who previously weren’t aware, that there are bigger social priorities at stake. Perhaps we can now bid a final farewell to the budget surplus fetish.
It has to be said though that deficit budgeting is not enough. Indeed, the standard Keynesian response to the onset of a recession looks particularly problematic in the context of the GCC. Official interest rates are already almost zero, so there is no prospect of economic stimulus there – other than perhaps, perversely, to inflate real estate prices. Even the substantial fiscal stimulus is likely be ineffective in keeping people in jobs, because the health aspect of this crisis makes it so different from a ‘normal’ recession. Where workplaces bring people into close physical contact, making the disease likely to be transmitted, it is that much harder to boost employment levels. The income stimulus therefore has to be bigger because it cannot be tied to actually being on the job. Thus, it is because the current GCC is a twin crisis, having intertwined health and economic dimensions, that a ‘financial fix’ is inherently inadequate.
There needs to be a comprehensive plan for resources reallocation in response to the health challenge. Logically, this requires redeployment of people who are suddenly unemployed – through no fault of their own – to activities where existing resources are under severe strain. The latter include health-care and elder-care, most obviously, because workers in those fields are currently being expected to cope with additional workloads over and above the call of duty. The possibilities for doing this are constrained by the need for distinctive skills and precautionary measures, of course. But mobilisations like this are what happen at the onset of a war – and it is interesting to see the Prime Minister now using this language. Effective mobilisation and redeployment is hard to organise in a capitalist market economy though, which is why wars often lead to market arrangements being curtailed, replaced or more strictly regulated.
These are circumstances in which a public sector ‘borrow and build’ approach needs to be on the policy agenda, especially when interest rates are approximately zero. Indeed, this has been the case for years: governments can normally borrow more cheaply than private investors because there is little, if any risk premium. Now loanable funds are at historically low interest, there is effectively free money to borrow. This could be used for restructuring our economy, improving public sector facilities, including health facilities of course, and also moving towards ecological sustainability of our energy, transport and industrial arrangements.
The GCC, coming hard on the heels of the bushfire emergency in Australia and accelerating climate change worldwide, signals the need for much more than short-term correctives. Indeed, at a time such as this, it is appropriate and desirable to be considering more radical policy measures, such as the introduction of Basic Income, the adoption of a Green New Deal, cooperative patterns of business organisation, perhaps nationalisations of industries that are crucial for our survival. Keynesian stimulus can help with short-term crisis-alleviation, but it is policies like these that address the deeper structural problems that have been set aside for too long. In this sense, the GCC may be regarded as a wake-up call. Now is a time to be linking crisis management to meeting the longer-term social and ecological challenges of the era.
Other public institutions, particularly universities, could also play a leading role in this linking of short-term responses to long-term goals. Indeed, universities are uniquely placed to create sources of stability and forward planning in these troubled times. They have loyal staff and a great reservoir of public goodwill , especially from alumni, if they continue with long-term contributions to knowledge and social advancement. They can think and act long-term, not like capitalist institutions that are always focussed on the short-run bottom line. To embrace the economics of austerity at this time would not be helpful.
Indeed, austerity policies, as part of the broader neoliberal agenda, have failed on their own terms anyway. One recent book, reviewing their experience across capitalist countries during the last four decades, concludes by saying that ‘austerity has been tested by time and it does not work’*. We’ve had a profound wake-up call. Now is a time to make a just transition to a different type of economy that emphasises nurturing, building and sharing.
The question for all of us, including public institutions, is do you want to become part of the problem by adding to the downward spiral OR part of the solution by creating conditions conducive to recovery, long-term stability and sustainability.
*Jon Shefner & Cory, Blad, Why Austerity Persists, Cambridge: Polity Press, 2020.
Frank Stilwell is Professor Emeritus in the Department of Political Economy at the University of Sydney and Vice President of the Evatt Foundation.
Frank Stilwell
Frank Stilwell is Professor Emeritus in Political Economy in the School of Social and Political Sciences at the University of Sydney, where he began teaching in 1970. He is a well-known critic of conventional economics, and an advocate of alternative economic strategies for social justice and ecological sustainability. He has written a dozen books on political economic issues and co-edited half a dozen others. His latest book is The Political Economy of Inequality (Polity Press, 2019). He is also the coordinating editor of the Journal of Australian Political Economy, Vice President of the Evatt Foundation, an executive member of the Council for Peace with Justice and a Fellow of the Academy of Social Sciences in Australia.
We all need to get on board the campaign for First Nations Voice to Parliament 17 January 2021
It’s surely time to come clean on Australia’s 1950s’ nuclear plans 17 January 2021
How Steve Bannon tried to destroy Pope Francis (Counter Punch 3 Jan, 2021) 17 January 2021
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Jonathan Stökl
Hebrew Bible/Old Testament
Assyriology
Teaching Docs
Translated Texts
Ancient Near Eastern Languages in Contact eLecture Series
Alinda Damsma, Lily Kahn and I are happy to invite you all to take part in our eLecture series on language contact in the ancient Near East. Please email a.damsma@ucl.ac.uk if you would like to attend one of the lectures:
Wednesdays 1 July – 26 August 2020 from 16:00 until 17:00 BST (London)
eLecture 1: 01.07.20
Dr Mark Weeden (SOAS, London), Language Contact between Hittite and Sumerian
eLecture 2, 08.07.20
Prof. Mark Geller (University College London), Mind the Gap: A Lecture on Comparative Ancient Magic from Mesopotamia
Prof. Aaron Rubin (Pennsylvania State University), The Relationship of Egyptian and Semitic
Prof. Gary A. Rendsburg (Rutgers University New Brunswick), Ancient Hebrew and Hieroglyphic Egyptian: Contact through the Ages
Prof. Dr. Stefan Schorch (Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg), Through Aramaic Lenses: Reconstructing Late Antique Samaritan Hebrew
Dr Marieke Dhont (University of Cambridge), Jewish Multilingualism in the Second Temple Period: Greek as a Jewish Language
Benjamin Whittle (University College London), The Translation of Biblical Hebrew Verbal Stems in the Septuagint of the Pentateuch and Former Prophets
Dr Na'ama Pat-El (University of Texas Austin) & Dr Phillip Stokes (University of Tennessee Knoxville), Reevaluating Contact between Aramaic and Arabic in the Levant
eLecture 9, 26.08.20
Dr Rebecca Hasselbach-Andee (University of Chicago), Language Contact in the Third Millennium BCE: The Case of “Eblaite”
(for more details please look here
01/07 Dr Mark Weeden (SOAS, London)
Language contact between Hittite and Sumerian
By the late 2nd millennium BC Sumerian had definitively died out as a spoken language but continued in use as a language of scholarship throughout the cuneiform world. Bizarrely phrased scholastic Sumerian compositions such as the "Scholars of Uruk" witness this development already in the Old Babylonian period in Mesopotamia. This and certain other learned compositions encourage a view of Sumerian as a language of the obscure, comprehensible only to the initiated, written in a language constructed on the basis of lexical lists and other school texts. There was thus absolutely no chance that there was any language contact between Hittite and Sumerian speakers during the Late Bronze Age. What then was the use-context of Sumerian texts at Hattusa? Were scribes on the geographical edge of the cuneiform world indulging in the same kind of hermeneutic use of Sumerian as some of their Mesopotamian counterparts?
08/07 Prof. Mark Geller (University College London)
Mind the Gap: A lecture on Comparative Ancient Magic from Mesopotamia
Therapeutic magic was both a discipline and practice in the ancient world, which crossed geographical, chronological, and linguistic boundaries. This talk will provide an example of a type of medically-orientated incantation which appears to have originated in cuneiform tablets and later appeared in an Aramaic magical text in Iraq in Late Antiquity. This example is a model for other cases of healing magic from cuneiform sources which later influenced therapies in the Babylonian Talmud.
15/07 Prof. Aaron Rubin (Pennsylvania State University)
The Relationship of Egyptian and Semitic
It has long been known that the ancient Egyptian language is related to the Semitic language family, but the details of this relationship are still not fully understood. In this lecture, we will look at the major similarities (and differences) of the two language groups, including topics in phonology, morphology, and the lexicon, with an eye towards identifying inherited Afroasiatic features. We will also look at how Egyptian and some dialects of Northwest Semitic influenced one another as a consequence of sustained linguistic and cultural contact.
22/07 Prof. Gary A. Rendsburg (Rutgers University New Brunswick)
Ancient Hebrew and Hieroglyphic Egyptian: Contact through the Ages
The lands of Israel (better: Canaan) and Egypt were interconnected for most of the 2nd millennium B.C.E., and indeed into the 1st millennium B.C.E., notwithstanding the relatively empty space of the Sinai peninsula separating the two geographically. During this period hundreds of Canaanite words entered the Egyptian language and dozens of Egyptian words entered the Hebrew language. This talk will focus on these lexical items, but it also will widen the lens to discuss literary style and literary motifs shared by the two cultures.
29/07 Prof. Dr. Stefan Schorch (Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg)
Through Aramaic lenses: Reconstructing Late Antique Samaritan Hebrew
Samaritan Hebrew, i.e. the variety of Hebrew spoken and transmitted in the Samaritan community, originates in the Hebrew dialect that was common in the region of Samaria and became the religious sociolect of the Samaritans at the end of the 2nd century BCE, when the followers of the Israelite cult on Mount Gerizim became increasingly independent from Judaism, leading to the emergence of the Samaritans. Limited to the Samaritan Pentateuch, the corpus of Samaritan Hebrew texts from this period is rather small. As a result, the means to determine the meaning of a given word on account of its usage in different contexts are extremely restricted. Under these circumstances, the Aramaic translations from the Samaritan Targumim are a main source for the reconstruction of Late Antique Samaritan Hebrew. These translations emerged between the 1st and 11th century CE, when Aramaic replaced Hebrew as Samaritan vernacular. The paper presents challenges and results from the study of these sources, currently pursued in the framework of an ongoing project of a dictionary of Samaritan Hebrew.
05/08 Dr Mariek Dhont (University of Cambridge)
Jewish Multilingualism in the Second Temple Period: Greek as a Jewish Language
The style of the Jewish-Greek authors has often been evaluated as "bad Greek." Their Greek is often considered to be tainted by Semitic interference, which, in turn, is seen as evidence of their lack of education. The negative views on the language use of Hellenistic Jewish writers are illustrative of a broader issue in the study of Hellenistic Judaism: language usage has been a key element in the discussion on the societal position of Jews in the Hellenistic world. I discuss how to assess the style of various fragmentary Jewish-Greek writers in the context of post-classical Greek, and conclude that their language reflects standard Hellenistic Greek. The linguistic analysis then becomes a starting point to reflect on the level of integration of Jews in the Greek-speaking world as well as to consider the nature of Jewish multilingualism in the late Second Temple period.
12/08 Benjamin Whittle (University College London)
The Translation of Biblical Hebrew Verbal Stems in the Septuagint of the Pentateuch and Former Prophets
This paper analyses the translation of Biblical Hebrew verbal stems in the Greek version of the Pentateuch and Former Prophets codified in the Septuagint. The Biblical Hebrew system of stems differs significantly from the Greek verbal system, and therefore systematic investigation of the strategies employed by the Greek translators can shed light on the ways in which they negotiated this linguistic difference, as well as contributing to our understanding of ancient perceptions of the functions of the Biblical Hebrew stems.
19/08 Dr Na'ama Patel (University of Texas Austin) & Dr Phillip Stokes (University of Tennessee Knoxville)
Reevaluating Contact between Aramaic and Arabic in the Levant
The fact that Aramaic was the lingua franca of most of the area where Arabic is spoken today is not in dispute. The exact nature of the spread of Arabic and the specifics of language shift in the Middle East are less well understood. Many scholars assume that Arabic spread with the Islamic conquest and that Arabic was learnt quickly and imperfectly by speakers of Aramaic. As a result, number of structural features of the colloquial dialects of the Levant were argued to be a result of an Aramaic substrate. In this paper we discuss the contact between Arabic and Aramaic in Antiquity and Late Antiquity, draw attention to a number of methodological flaws in work on Aramaicism in Arabic, and argue that the evidence is not consistent with a rapid and imperfect language shift, but rather with a prolonged period of contact and bilingualism.
29/08 Dr Rebecca Hasselbach-Andee (University of Chicago)
Language contact in the third millennium BCE: The case of “Eblaite”
Eblaite is attested in written material from the northern Syrian site of Tell Mardikh (ancient Ebla) dating to a short period in the 24th century BCE (app. 2370-2320 BCE). The language attested in the texts has been classified as East Semitic, although it is still uncertain whether it constitutes an independent language of this sub-branch or an archaic dialect of Akkadian. The linguistic sub-grouping of Eblaite is difficult to determine based on traditional historical and comparative approaches because of the many features exhibited by Eblaite that defy clear classification. In this talk, I argue that any explanation of the linguistic situation at Ebla needs to consider extra-linguistic factors, such as the extensive trade network connecting Ebla to e.g. Mesopotamia and Egypt, and, more importantly, the well-established cultural and scribal contacts between Mesopotamia and Syrian sites such as Mari and Ebla, which resulted in sustained language contact.
Schweich Lecture 2013 available online
Thanks are due to the British Academy which has made recordings of the 2013 Schweich lectures by André Lemaire available here. Now you won't have to trust my summaries of the first two lectures and can check for yourselves.
Schweich Lectures 2013: André Lemaire on West Semitic Epigraphy in the Persian Period (3rd lecture)
In his third lecture, entitled 'Levantine Epigraphy and Samaria, Judaea and Idumaea during the Achaemenid Period', Prof. Lemaire showed the vital importance of epigraphic material for the political and social history of the southern Levant in the Persian period, particularly in the 4th century BCE. My notes are less ordered, as the presentation was less structured within each discussed region.
PART I: SAMARIA
The documents and bullae from Wadi Daliyeh – widely referred to as Samaria documents – were recently re-edited by Jan Dušek, a very fine epigrapher (Les manuscrits araméens du Wadi Daliyeh et la Samarie vers 450-332 av. J.-C. [Culture and History of the Ancient Near East 30; Brill: Leiden; Boston], 2007; for the coins see Meshorer and Qedar). These documents shed light mainly on the last decades of Persian control of the area:
The names in the papyri attest to a mixed society (North-Arabic, Hebrew, Phoenician and Aramaic).
While names do not map religion 1:1 it is likely significant that 57% of names have a yahwistic theophoric element, with other deities attested only between 1-3% each.
The order of governors of Samaria in the Persian period is as follows:
Sanballat I (from before 445 until about 410/407 BCE)
Delayah (, son of Sanballat; ca. 410/407 - ca. 370 BCE)
Shelemyah [Dušek does not agree with this]
Ḥananyah / 'Ananya (ca. 354 BCE)
This fits neatly with the depiction of Ezra's mission according to Neh 12, dated to 398 BCE
According to the available evidence, Samaria extended as far north in the Galilee as Yoqne'ām [on the basis of one Aramaic ostracon, unlike the Phoenician ostraca found further north. I find this particular argument less convincing. If the ostracon had been in Samarian Hebrew, or at least written in Palaeo-Hebrew letters, like the bullae and coins, I could understand it, but otherwise, the fact that the ostracon was written in Aramaic solely indicates that it was written in the Persian empire.
The Eastern border ws probably the Jordan
The Southwestern border of Samaria unclear. After the revolt of Sidon lands formerly controlled by Sidon may have been given to Samaria but this remains unclear.
Part II: YEHUD
Yehud stamps indicate that the Northern border of Yehud was North of Mizpah and Bethel.
A problem for historians of the period is that to this date, not a single papyrus from this period was unearthed in Yehud, but there are a few ostraca, such as the Ketef Yeriho ostracon, found together with an Alexander coin, therefore dating both to the last third of the 4th century BCE. A few other ostraca were found in Jerusalem, Heshbon, En-Gedi
In general, several low-denomination coins have been found dated to the 4th century onwards
Lemaire speculated that Ezra mission and promulgation of the law may well have been contemporary with the fall of the Elephantine since the relation between Jerusalem and Elephantine seems to have been relatively good at the end of the 5th century BCE, and the Judean community in Elephantine seems to have been well informed who the important people were in Jerusalem.
We can identify the following governors of Yehud:
Bagavahya (Bagohi), ca. 407
Yehizqiyah
it is not impossible that these two were the only governors in the Persian 4th century
As high-priest we have a Yehohanan mentioned in the Elephantine letters, and a Yohanan in a coin which, according to Fried, should be dated to ca .370 BCE. Possibly, this Yohanan should be identified also with the Yohanan in Neh 12. This fits well with the presentation of governors of Samaria
The Hebrew Bible seems to know of two sets of boarders for Yehud, a small and a large one. The small one is attested, e.g. in Neh 3 and the larger Yehud mainly in Neh 11 (there extending south to Beer Sheva) .
Schweich Lectures 2013: André Lemaire on West Semitic Epigraphy in the Persian Period
West Semitic Epigraphy and the Judean Diaspora during the Achaemenid Period: Babylonia, Egypt, Cyprus
Lemaire's second Schweich Lecture was a tour de force of epigraphic evidence for Judeans in the Near East in the Persian period. He started his lecture by referring to the cuneiform evidence that directly links to the Hebrew Bible and the exiles, such as the cuneiform tablet which shows that Nabû-šarussu-ukin (the Bible's Nebo-sarsekim) did exist and was a Babylonian Eunuch, the Weidner lists, the Murašû texts an the so-called āl-Yāhūdū texts. He gave a good summary of the currently available cuneiform evidence.
He then moved on to the Aramaic and – according to him at least in one case (one name is written as 'X ben Y' instead of 'X bar Y') – Hebrew dockets on cuneiform tablets.
According to him, in Babylonia, Jews demonstrably participated in three distinct cultures: Hebrew, Aramaic and Akkadian.
to me, this statement was the most problematic that Prof. Lemaire made during the entire presentations. None of the scribes writing the cuneiform evidence was Judean (according to their name), and one Hebrew name does not make fully 'Hebrew culture' (whatever that is). What we have evidence for is for the use of Aramaic to express either partly content or one of the people involved in the dockets. The distinctions may appear minor, but they are rather important, I believe.
The second, and by far the longest part of the lecture, focussed on Elephantine. Not, as is so often the case only on the papyri from there, but mostly, in fact, on the ostraca of the Collection Claremont-Ganneau, recently published by Hélène Lozachmeur (2006). He argued that they are far closer to the everyday life than the papyri, and therefore are more representative of the Judean community's everyday life. He mentioned the use of the ostraca in indicating that the Aramaic documents in Ezra-Nehemiah are historically possible (the historian in me would ask, whether historical possibility is all that is needed for historical likelihood, but that is another question). He then went on to analyse the ostraca in particular with regard to the image of the religion of everyday Judean life in Elephantine and came to the result that the community's life was very much focussed around Yahu, and that other deities only appear very rarely indeed. Indeed, it seemed to Lemaire that the Judean community from Elephantine had a kind of 7th century Judean religiosity.
In an aside he then pointed to other sites of Judean activity in Egypt during the Persian period: Thebes, Abydos, Memphis, Saqqara, Daphne and Edfu.
The third and final part of the presentation concerned evidence for Judeans in Aramaic texts from elsewhere in the Persian empire, in particular two funerary inscriptions from Didaskaleion (which he thought were both unlikely), and then 5 funerary inscriptions from Cyprus which mention individuals with Judean names.
All in all a very interesting and useful summary of the currently available evidence for Judeans in Aramaic epigraphy in the Persian empire. Few know the texts as well as Lemaire.
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Ace guitarist enjoying Jagger Tour
The Christchurch Star 3rd Nov 1988
As well as heaving this year’s b,st-selling instrumental album, guitarist Joe Satriani is a member of Mick Jagger’ band. EVE FLAIN spoke to Satriani by telephone in Melbourne about Jagger, the concert in Auckland this. Saturday and his solo career.
“You’ve always gotta be careful when you’re around Mick. You never know what he’s going to do, he may wanna jump on top of you,bite you – you never know.
So says ace guitarist Joe Satriani of working with superstar Mick Jagger on his Australian and New Zealand tour.Satriani is enjoying his time as a member of Jagger’s band and is I looking forward to their only New Zealand concert at Auckland’s Western Springs on Saturday. The iguitarist has never been to New Zealand…
Satriani says Jagger is’an excellent entertainer and band leader. “He’s very, in tune with the audience and it makes for a good snow. For us, he has a really good sense of timing, he can improvise any arrangement.
“Mick has really good energy and the bands stay creative because of that.
” A guitarist who has taught the likes of Kirk Hammett of Metallica and Steve Vai from David Lee Roth’s band, Satriani had to wait before getting the nod from Jagger. “Mick’s bass player, Doug Wimbish, met me in Chicago in the summer of ’87 and was the first one of the Jagger group to recommend me. He kept plugging away but it was not until January 1988. They decided to bring me in for an audition.
“Satriani said he has started a lot of friendships as well as professional relationships by working in the Jagger band. As for being invited to play on Jagger’s next album Satriani is not sure. “Anything’s. Possible but we’ve not discussed it. “Satriani achieved worldwide chart success this year with his second album, “Surfing With The Alien,The album, written, arranged and produced by Satriani, made the top 40 here and was in the top 100 in the U.S. for 46 weeks.A guitarist for 18 years and always with a leaning to the heavier side of rock, Satriani believes the current heavy metal/ hard rock revival is good for the’music industry.
“Any time music from the past, come to speak, comes back it’s healthy. Any time new music comes on the scene it’s also very healthy. I regard all trends as just a really good cycling of ideas.
~ by viradoang on 24-June-2010.
Tags: Ace guitarist enjoying Jagger Tour
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Portugal Seeks Angolan Investment
Posted on November 16, 2011 by Ken Ochieng' Opalo
The Portuguese once ruled an empire that included Brazil, Angola and Mozambique, among other smaller possessions. But since the loss of empire Lisbon has fared rather poorly. First it was the Brazilians who managed to economically dominate their former colonizers. The Angolans are beginning to also get in the game. Angola is one of the top three oil producers in Africa, and has the third largest economy in Sub-Saharan Africa.
The BBC reports:
Portugal’s prime minister is travelling to oil-rich Angola, which is boosting its investment in its former colonial power caught up in the eurozone debt crisis.
Angolan presidential aide Carlos Maria Feijo said Portugal’s privatisation scheme would be discussed. The International Monetary Fund has ordered Portugal to sell state companies to qualify for a bailout.
Angola’s investments in Portugal have risen sharply in recent years.
The figure in 2009 stood at $156m (£99m), compared to $2.1m in 2002, according to the Portuguese Institute of International Relations and Security (IPRIS), a Lisbon-based think-tank.
Angolan companies own the equivalent of 3.8% of companies listed on Portugal’s stock exchange, from banks to telecoms and energy, it says.
More on this here.
HT Louise Redvers
This entry was posted in africa and tagged angola, brasilia, Brazil, Carlos Maria Feijo, Citadel, Colonialism, decolonization, lisbon, Luanda, Pedro Passos Coelho, portugal, portuguese crisis, reverse colonialism, reverse colonization, rio de jeneiro, Sao Paulo by Ken Ochieng' Opalo. Bookmark the permalink.
2 thoughts on “Portugal Seeks Angolan Investment”
Ghafla!Guy on November 16, 2011 at 11:23 pm said:
This is some good news. We are so used to neo-colonialism in Africa that it is good to see a former colony (Angola) stand up against a former colonizer (Portugal)!
WillBaker on November 21, 2011 at 9:06 am said:
I hope this is what finally topples dos Santos and his thieving family and cronies. Even if it makes good economic sense, I do not think Angolans will be happy with money going to Portugal while they continue to lack basic things like good housing, water and electricity and Luanda continues to be just about the most expensive place on earth.
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Luke Bryan to Release ‘Doin’ My Thing’ Album Again on Limited-Edition Vinyl
Luke Bryan is getting the vinyl treatment! In honor of his Doin' My Thing album reaching its tenth anniversary, Bryan will release the album on vinyl for the first time ever.
The special limited-edition vinyl will debut on Oct. 4, 2019 — two days shy of the ten-year anniversary of its release on Oct. 6. 2009 — from Capitol Nashville. The new LP will feature 13 tracks, including two rare bonus tracks, "Ya’ll Can Have This Town" and "Favorite Flowers," previously only available on the iTunes exclusive version of the album. The project also features Bryan's cover of OneRepublic's "Apologize."
Fans can choose from two different versions of Doin' My Thing vinyl: There will be a standard black vinyl record, as well as a limited translucent vinyl. They're available for pre-order now via Luke Bryan and Universal Music Group Nashville's web stores. The deluxe edition of the album will be released digitally on Oct. 4, as well.
How Much Money Is Luke Bryan Making on American Idol?
Doin' My Thing is certified platinum now, having hit No. 2 on Billboard's Top Country Albums chart and No. 6 on Billboard's Top 200 all genre chart upon its release. The album brought Bryan three No. 1 hits: "Do I,” “Rain Is a Good Thing" and "Someone Else Calling You Baby." Of course, those singles are only 3 of his 22 No. 1 career singles, but he co-wrote all three.
Bryan just signed on for his second season of judging American Idol, once again alongside Katy Perry and Lionel Richie. This fall he will embark on his Farm Tour with Cole Swindell, Mitchell Tenpenny, the Peach Pickers and DJ Rock.
Doin' My Thing Vinyl Track Listing:
1. "Rain Is a Good Thing"
2. "Doin’ My Thing"
3. "Do I"
4. "What Country Is"
5. "Someone Else Calling You Baby"
6. "Welcome to the Farm"
7. "Apologize
8. "Every Time I See You"
9. "Chuggin’ Along"
10. "I Did It Again"
11. "Drinkin’ Beer And Wastin’ Bullets"
12. "Y’all Can Have This Town" (Bonus Track)
13. "Favorite Flowers" (Bonus Track)
43 Reasons You've Gotta Love Luke Bryan:
Source: Luke Bryan to Release ‘Doin’ My Thing’ Album Again on Limited-Edition Vinyl
Filed Under: Luke Bryan
Categories: Country Music News, Newsletter KIKN
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Jazz on a Summer's Day
The run of this film has ended. Thank you for your support of The Screening Room.
Directed by Bert Stern
English Closed Captions
Filmed at the 1958 Newport Jazz Festival and directed by world-renowned photographer Bert Stern, Jazz on a Summer's Day features intimate performances by an all-star line-up of musical legends including Louis Armstrong, Thelonious Monk, Gerry Mulligan, Anita O'Day, Chuck Berry, Dinah Washington, and closes with a beautiful rendition of The Lord's Prayer by Mahalia Jackson at midnight to usher in Sunday morning. The film has been beautifully and extensively restored in 4K from the best surviving vault elements by IndieCollect.
"Gorgeous. Probably the best feature-length jazz concert movie ever made."
- Jonathan Rosenbaum, Chicago Reader
“Filmed with a rare artistry, a rare attention to making images of music that are themselves musical.”
- Richard Brody, The New Yorker
“An exquisite historical document. The film is where the American concert documentary genre begins.”
- Philip Eil, VICE
“There is not a moment that, freeze framed, would not be an absolutely stunning still picture.”
- Judith Christ
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Home Peo...People Groups Azerbaijani
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Azeris in Germany PRINT VERSION:
Azerbaijani, North
Azerbaijan is located in the Caucasus Mountain region on the western shore of the Caspian Sea. It is there, in the land of the ancient Medes, that we find more than six million Azerbaijani (also known as the Azeri). The name "Azeri" is thought to have come from the fourth century ruler, Atropat, who governed the area that is now northwestern Iran. However, it may have been derived from azer, the Persian word for fire.
The Azeri have been subjected to numerous invasions throughout history. The homeland of the Azeri was first conquered by the Persians in the sixth century B.C. Islam was introduced into the area during the seventh century A.D., and has been practiced there ever since. By the eleventh century, Persian influence was overpowered by Turkic influence. During the thirteenth century, this region of Asia fell under the dominion of Genghis Khan.
Azerbaijanis have moved to Germany from Turkey, Iran, and Azerbaijan. Many went to Germany from Iran in the 1960s, while others went there after Azerbaijan lost the Nagorno-Karabakh War, which ended in 1994.
The Azerbaijanis in Germany live in urban centers such as Berlin, Cologne, Hamburg, Mainz, Frankfurt, Munich, Dusseldorf, and Suttgart.
There have been great scholars, athletes, artists, and actors among Germany's Azerbaijani population, but most of them are trying to survive through modest jobs.
The Azerbaijani are primarily Shi'ite Muslims, but there are a number of Sunni Muslims as well. Islam among the Azerbaijani is a reflection of the historical ties that exist between Azerbaijan and Iran. Until the twentieth century, most Azeri identified themselves as Muslims rather than Azerbaijani or Turks. They believe that being a "spiritual community of Islam" was much more important than being a nation.
The Islamic religious practices of the Azerbaijanis are less restrictive of women's activities than they are for most other Muslim peoples. Most women have jobs outside the home, which helped them fit in better than other Muslim peoples who have migrated to Germany.
The Azerbaijanis in Germany have almost no gospel witness in their communities. They are Shi'ite Muslims whose culture straddles those of the Turks (language) and Iranians (religion). It will take a deliberate effort to take Jesus to the Azerbaijanis in Germany.
* Scripture Prayers for the Azerbaijani in Germany.
* Ask the Lord to send his servants to share the life-giving message of Christ and assist Azerbaijanis in Germany in finding the abundant life that He intends for them.
* Pray for a powerful disciple making movement among Azerbaijanis in Germany that will affect their communities all over Europe.
* Pray for the Azerbaijanis in Germany to have the chance to hear and respond to the JESUS Film and gospel recordings in their language.
http://www.globalprayerdigest.org/index.php/issue/day/2010/04/15
http://www.visions.az/en/news/261/fcf10dc9/
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azerbaijanis_in_Germany
http://wikivisually.com/wiki/Azerbaijanis_in_Germany
https://alchetron.com/Azerbaijanis-in-Germany-1804804-W
Profile Source: Keith Carey
People Name General Azerbaijani
People Name in Country Azerbaijani
Natural Name Azeris
Alternate Names Azerbaijan; Azeri Turk; Turkmen
People Cluster Azerbaijani
People Group Azerbaijani
Ethnic Code MSY41a
Region Europe, Western
Primary Language Azerbaijani, North (15,000 speakers)
Language Code azj Ethnologue Listing
People Groups Speaking Azerbaijani, North
Primary Language: Azerbaijani, North
Film / Video Father's Love Letter
Film / Video Jesus Film: view in Azerbaijani, North
Film / Video The Prophets' Story
General Bible.az
Profile Source Keith Carey
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2. Approach and organization
3. Methods and data
a. Ice ocean model
b. Atmospheric forcing data, comparison with observations, and other reanalysis data
4. Validation of atmospheric forcing data
a. Downwelling radiative fluxes
b. Surface air temperature
c. Wind speed
5. PIOMAS-20C calibration
a. Ice drift calibration
b. Mean ice thickness calibration
6. PIOMAS-20C assessment
a. Sea ice thickness
b. Sea ice drift
7. PIOMAS 20C sea ice volume
a. Total ice volume: Comparison of PIOMAS-20C with PIOMAS
b. Total ice volume trends
c. Early-twentieth-century warming
d. Examining sea ice variability in the Pacific sector: Logs from U.S. Revenue Cutters
e. Uncertainty in ice volume trends for the ETCW
8. Summary and conclusions
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Alekseev, G., N. Glok, and A. Smirnov, 2016: On assessment of the relationship between changes of sea ice extent and climate in the Arctic. Int. J. Climatol., 36, 3407–3412, https://doi.org/10.1002/joc.4550.10.1002/joc.4550)| false
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Beitsch, A., J. H. Jungclaus, and D. Zanchettin, 2014: Patterns of decadal-scale Arctic warming events in simulated climate. Climate Dyn., 43, 1773–1789, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-013-2004-5.10.1007/s00382-013-2004-5)| false
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Bitz, C. M., and G. H. Roe, 2004: A mechanism for the high rate of sea ice thinning in the Arctic Ocean. J. Climate, 17, 3623–3632, https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0442(2004)017<3623:AMFTHR>2.0.CO;2.10.1175/1520-0442(2004)017<3623:AMFTHR>2.0.CO;2)| false
Blanchard-Wrigglesworth, E., M. A. Webster, S. L. Farrell, and C. M. Bitz, 2018: Reconstruction of snow on Arctic sea ice. J. Geophys. Res., 123, 3588–3602, https://doi.org/doi:10.1002/2017JC013364.
Blanchard-Wrigglesworth, E., M. A. Webster, S. L. Farrell, and C. M. Bitz, 2018: Reconstruction of snow on Arctic sea ice. J. Geophys. Res., 123, 3588–3602, https://doi.org/doi:10.1002/2017JC013364.10.1002/2017JC013364)| false
Briegleb, B. P., C. M. Bitz, E. C. Hunke, W. H. Lipscomb, M. M. Holland, J. L. Schramm, and R. E. Moritz, 2004: Scientific description of the sea ice component in the Community Climate Model, version 3. NCAR Tech. Note NCAR/TN-463+STR, 78 pp.
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Brooks, C. E. P., 1923: The east–west oscillation of the Icelandic minimum as shown by monthly pressure charts. Meteor. Mag., 58, 173.)| false
Brooks, C. E. P., 1938: The warming Arctic. Meteor. Mag., 73, 29–32.
Brooks, C. E. P., 1938: The warming Arctic. Meteor. Mag., 73, 29–32.)| false
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Chapman, W. L., and J. E. Walsh, 1991 (updated 1996): Arctic and Southern Ocean Sea Ice Concentrations, version 1. National Snow and Ice Data Center, accessed 28 September 2015, https://doi.org/10.7265/N5057CVT.10.7265/N5057CVT)| false
Chevallier, M., and Coauthors, 2017: Intercomparison of the Arctic sea ice cover in global ocean–sea ice reanalyses from the ORA-IP project. Climate Dyn., 49, 1107–1136, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-016-2985-y.
Chevallier, M., and Coauthors, 2017: Intercomparison of the Arctic sea ice cover in global ocean–sea ice reanalyses from the ORA-IP project. Climate Dyn., 49, 1107–1136, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-016-2985-y.10.1007/s00382-016-2985-y)| false
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Connolly, R., M. Connolly, and W. Soon, 2017: Re-calibration of Arctic sea ice extent datasets using Arctic surface air temperature records. Hydrol. Sci. J., 62, 1317–1340, https://doi.org/10.1080/02626667.2017.1324974.
Connolly, R., M. Connolly, and W. Soon, 2017: Re-calibration of Arctic sea ice extent datasets using Arctic surface air temperature records. Hydrol. Sci. J., 62, 1317–1340, https://doi.org/10.1080/02626667.2017.1324974.10.1080/02626667.2017.1324974)| false
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Fučkar, N., V. Guemas, N. Johnson, F. Massonnet, and F. Doblas-Reyes, 2015: Clusters of interannual sea ice variability in the Northern Hemisphere. Climate Dyn., 45, 1527–1543, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-015-2917-2.)| false
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Ivanova, N., and Coauthors, 2015: Inter-comparison and evaluation of sea ice algorithms: Towards further identification of challenges and optimal approach using passive microwave observations. Cryosphere, 9, 1797–1817, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-9-1797-2015.
Ivanova, N., and Coauthors, 2015: Inter-comparison and evaluation of sea ice algorithms: Towards further identification of challenges and optimal approach using passive microwave observations. Cryosphere, 9, 1797–1817, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-9-1797-2015.10.5194/tc-9-1797-2015)| false
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Jahn, A., J. E. Kay, M. M. Holland, and D. M. Hall, 2016: How predictable is the timing of a summer ice-free Arctic? Geophys. Res. Lett. 43, 9113–9120, https://doi.org/10.1002/2016GL07006710.1002/2016GL070067)| false
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(a) Annual cycle of 2-m air temperature from SHEBA (ETL-Tower) and a number of reanalysis datasets and (b) day-to-day differences in 2-m air temperatures. Daily differencing (difference from one day to the next) is applied to remove the annual cycle. A 7-day running-day smoothing is applied to both time series. Daily differences are correlated at r = 0.4; the 7-day-smoothed time series are correlated at r = 0.46. (c),(d) As in (a) and (b), but for downwelling longwave Daily differenced time series are correlated at r = 0.5, for 7-day-smoothed time series at r = 0.6. (e),(f) As in (a) and (b), but for downwelling shortwave radiation. Daily difference time series are correlated at r = 0.41 and the 7-day-smoothed time series at r = 0.6.
Comparison of 2-m temperatures from the ERA-20C and the Maud expedition (1922–24). (a) Scatterplot of daily temperatures (r = 0.92; the blue line indicates the linear fit and the green line the perfect match), (b) time series of daily differences (7-day smoothing; r = 0.5), and (c) monthly anomalies (r = 0.72) relative to the 1922–24 monthly averages.
Comparison of mean monthly 10-m wind speed measured at the NP drifting stations and from different reanalysis datasets.
Observed and ERA-20C daily wind speed from the Maud expedition from 1922 to 1924. Daily data were smoothed by a 7-day running mean (r = 0.61 and RMSD = 2.0 m s−1). The blue line shows the linear fit and the green line the perfect match.
Comparison of sea ice thickness from PIOMAS-20C (red) and observations (blue). Small dots indicate individual monthly measurements and corresponding model-generated ice thickness. Large symbols and lines indicate mean annual ice thickness from observations and model data sampled at the observation time and location. Error bars indicate standard errors of observed and modeled ice thickness mean. Ice thickness from satellite (ICESat-G) data is omitted from this figure.
Comparison of “Canadian station” ice thickness measurements with corresponding PIOMAS-20C ice thicknesses for (a) monthly thickness and (b) annual thickness anomalies. Colors in (a) denote different stations. Annual anomalies are correlated at 0.52. Corrections for Isachsen Island stations noted in the text have been applied.
Scatterplot of mean annual ice thickness from observations and PIOMAS-20C ice thickness with the model sampled at the time and location of observations (including CryoSat-2 and ICESat-G data). There are N = 63 data years.
Differences in average October–November ice thickness from 2003 to 2007 between (a) PIOMAS and (b) PIOMAS-20C and ICESat-1 (G)-derived ice thickness (Yi and Zwally 2009).
Comparison of observed and simulated drift speed of the ARLIS-2 drifting station from 1961 through 1965; both time series are smoothed by a 7-day running mean. Correlation for daily drift is 0.4 with an RMS difference of 2.4 km day−1. A 7-day smoothing increases the correlation to 0.7.
Time series of simulated and observed drift for the Maud expedition during 1922–24. Both time series are smoothed by a 7-day running mean. Daily values are correlated at 0.37 or 0.54 after a 7-day smoothing is applied.
(left) Simulated and (right) observed drift of the Maud from 1922 through 1924. Rosettes indicate the distribution of drift direction and speed (km day−1). The radius of each section of the rosette indicates the percentage of time the ship drifted in the direction indicated by the section. Drift direction is relative to the rectangular grid used for analysis and display. The orientation is given in Fig. S4. The dominant drift direction is westward. Colors represent drift speed categories with the width of each category indicating the percentage of time the ship drifted at that speed.
Total sea ice volume (×1000 km3) from PIOMAS-20C and PIOMAS during September and April.
Total ice volume anomalies (relative to 1950–2000) from PIOMAS-20C. The blue line is the 12-month running mean of monthly anomalies. Red dots mark July for each year. The trend periods are selected to correspond to the early-twentieth-century warming period (black line) and the satellite data period (red line).
September ice thickness trend (m decade−1) for (a) 1901–40 (during the early-twentieth-century warming period) and (b) 1979–2010. Stippled areas are significant at the 95% level.
September surface air temperature trend from ERA-20C from 1901 to 1940. Stippled areas are significant at the 95% level.
PIOMAS-20C ice concentration in the Bering Sea sector for four periods during (top) June and (bottom) August. Small green and purple circles correspond to sea ice observations from newly digitized revenue cutter data. Pink contour corresponds to 15% ice concentration, which is considered the ice edge. Green circles indicate ice-free observations. Purple circles are ship observations reporting ice.
Sea ice volume anomaly from PIOMAS-20C (black) and corresponding surface air temperature anomalies (dashed lines) from ERA-20C, CERA-20C, and 20CRv2c, based on anomalies for (a) all months and (b) just September. For CERA-20C and 20CRv2c ensemble means are plotted. Solid lines represent the sea ice volume predicted from ERA-20C surface temperature anomalies based on a linear regression between ERA-20C temperature anomalies and PIOMAS-20C sea ice volume. A 3-yr smoothing is applied to all time series for display. Regression coefficients are provided in Table 3.
PIOMAS-20C all-months sea ice volume anomaly (black line) with uncertainty estimates (gray shading) based on the range of the sea ice volume anomalies predicted from air temperature anomalies in ERA-20C, CERA-20C, and 20CRv2c.
Ice area (concentration) anomalies (relative to 1950–2000) from PIOMAS-20C (blue) and Walsh et al. (2016) (red). Monthly anomalies are smoothed using a 12-month moving average.
Arctic Sea Ice Volume Variability over 1901–2010: A Model-Based Reconstruction
Axel J. Schweiger 1 , Kevin R. Wood 2 , and Jinlun Zhang 3
1 Polar Science Center, Applied Physics Laboratory, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
2 Joint Institute for the Study of the Atmosphere and Ocean, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-19-0008.1
PIOMAS-20C, an Arctic sea ice reconstruction for 1901–2010, is produced by forcing the Pan-Arctic Ice Ocean Modeling and Assimilation System (PIOMAS) with ERA-20C atmospheric data. ERA-20C performance over Arctic sea ice is assessed by comparisons with measurements and data from other reanalyses. ERA-20C performs similarly with respect to the annual cycle of downwelling radiation, air temperature, and wind speed compared to reanalyses with more extensive data assimilation such as ERA-Interim and MERRA. PIOMAS-20C sea ice thickness and volume are then compared with in situ and aircraft remote sensing observations for the period of ~1950–2010. Error statistics are similar to those for PIOMAS. We compare the magnitude and patterns of sea ice variability between the first half of the twentieth century (1901–40) and the more recent period (1980–2010), both marked by sea ice decline in the Arctic. The first period contains the so-called early-twentieth-century warming (ETCW; ~1920–40) during which the Atlantic sector saw a significant decline in sea ice volume, but the Pacific sector did not. The sea ice decline over the 1979–2010 period is pan-Arctic and 6 times larger than the net decline during the 1901–40 period. Sea ice volume trends reconstructed solely from surface temperature anomalies are smaller than PIOMAS-20C, suggesting that mechanisms other than warming, such as changes in ice motion and deformation, played a significant role in determining sea ice volume trends during both periods.
Supplemental information related to this paper is available at the Journals Online website: https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-19-0008.s1.
© 2019 American Meteorological Society. For information regarding reuse of this content and general copyright information, consult the AMS Copyright Policy (www.ametsoc.org/PUBSReuseLicenses).
Corresponding author: Axel Schweiger, schweig@uw.edu
Keywords: Atmosphere; Arctic; Sea ice; Ship observations; Model evaluation/performance; Reanalysis data
Changes in Arctic sea ice are an important fingerprint of natural and anthropogenic climate change. The dominant signal in sea ice variability over the satellite era (1979–present) is the reduction of sea ice extent, area, and thickness. While the first two characteristics are well measured from satellites, a basinwide record of sea ice thickness and volume is not available from direct measurements over the same period. Instead, this record is either pieced together from a variety of in situ measurements and remote observations from an array of platforms (e.g., upward-looking sonar, aircraft-based sensors) (Kwok 2018; Kwok and Cunningham 2015; Kwok et al. 2009; Laxon et al. 2013; Lindsay and Schweiger 2015; Rothrock et al. 1999) or reconstructed by driving an ice–ocean model with atmospheric reanalysis data while assimilating any sea ice data that are suitable. This constitutes a model-based sea ice reconstruction, which provides sea ice thickness and volume, as well as other ice and ocean variables, at daily or monthly time scales, typically from 1979 to the present. (e.g., Chevallier et al. 2017; Fučkar et al. 2015; Johnson et al. 2007; Kauker et al. 2008; Kauker et al. 2009; Schweiger et al. 2011; Tietsche et al. 2014). Such reconstructions are also sometimes referred to as sea ice reanalyses.
A widely used sea ice reconstruction of this type is the Pan-Arctic Ice Ocean Modeling and Assimilation System (PIOMAS) (Schweiger et al. 2011; Zhang and Rothrock 2003). Estimated sea ice thickness and volume uncertainties from PIOMAS are of similar magnitude to those currently observable from satellite (Labe et al. 2018; Laxon et al. 2013; Schweiger et al. 2011; Stroeve et al. 2014; Tilling et al. 2015; Wang et al. 2016). Sea ice volume variability since 1979 is dominated by a continuous decline that is in large part attributable to anthropogenic global warming (Min et al. 2008; Notz and Marotzke 2012), although contributions from internal variability are not negligible (Ding et al. 2019; Jahn et al. 2016; Notz and Stroeve 2016; Screen and Deser 2019; Swart et al. 2015; Winton 2011) and may account for as much as 50% of the variability in fall sea ice extent (Ding et al. 2017; Kay et al. 2011). The impact from a substantial contribution from internal variability at decadal time scales is difficult to assess, both due to the relative scarcity of historical sea ice data and because it is difficult to determine whether a mismatch between observed and modeled sea ice trends is due to systematic problems with the model or to internal variability (Ding et al. 2019; Winton 2011). Therefore, an extended record of sea ice parameters, including volume and thickness, is desirable because it provides the opportunity to assess both forced and internal variability at longer time scales.
One important and longstanding question is how the present-day loss of Arctic sea ice compares to a notable historical event now known as the early-twentieth-century warming (ETCW) episode that occurred roughly between 1920 and 1940 (Bengtsson et al. 2004; Brooks 1938; Hegerl et al. 2018; Scherhag 1937; Wood and Overland 2010). Sea ice datasets have been pieced together from ship and shore station reports reaching back to the 1850s (Chapman and Walsh 1991; Mahoney et al. 2011; Rayner et al. 2003; Titchner and Rayner 2014; Walsh et al. 2016; Zakharov 1997), but they provide no information about thickness and total volume changes needed to fully assess the impact of the ETCW on Arctic sea ice. Kauker et al. (2008) developed a model-based reconstruction of sea ice for the Arctic spanning from 1900 to 1997. Their approach relied on statistically reconstructed atmospheric forcing fields for the North Atlantic–Arctic Ocean–Sea Ice Model (NAOSIM) from gridded and in situ observations, which they then used to model sea ice extent for comparison with historical observations, particularly for the ETCW period in the Arctic. Their analysis focused on sea ice extent and concentration, not on thickness and volume. Other reconstructions have used the correlation between surface air temperatures and sea ice extent to reconstruct sea ice extent for summer (Alekseev et al. 2016) or for all seasons (Connolly et al. 2017). However, reconstructions based on temperature alone cannot fully represent the role that both thermodynamics and dynamics play in modulating sea ice thickness and volume (e.g., Koberle and Gerdes 2003; Rothrock and Zhang 2005).
The advent of extended atmospheric reanalyses (Compo et al. 2011; Hersbach et al. 2015; Poli et al. 2016) offers an alternative approach to statistical reconstructions by providing physically constrained atmospheric reanalysis fields that can be used to directly drive an ice–ocean modeling and assimilation system. Here we present first results from such a sea ice reconstruction, utilizing the European Centre for Medium-Range Forecasts (ECMWF) twentieth-century reanalysis (ERA-20C) to force a PIOMAS integration from 1901 to 2010. We refer to the output as the PIOMAS-20C sea ice reconstruction, which provides a record of Arctic sea ice thickness and volume variation over the entire twentieth century and into the early twenty-first century.
We first introduce the ice–ocean model and the atmospheric forcing data used for driving the model (section 3). We then evaluate individual parameters in the atmospheric forcing fields of ERA-20C relative to measurements and other reanalysis datasets (section 4). Although ERA-20C has been used to examine atmospheric variability in the Arctic (Belleflamme et al. 2015; Wegmann et al. 2017; Wegmann et al. 2018), to our knowledge an examination of ERA-20C for the purpose of providing atmospheric forcing for sea ice models has not been conducted. Since reconstruction results depend on this forcing, this is a critical step. This is particularly important since direct model output validation data (e.g., thickness) for the period before the satellite record are sparse. The following data sources are employed. For radiation measurements we use data from the Surface Heat Budget of the Arctic Experiment (SHEBA), which to date still provide the most comprehensive dataset of the ice-covered Arctic Ocean covering the annual cycle. Temperature and wind data are compared with former Soviet Union North Polar drifting stations (hereafter NP), which provide a data record from 1957 through 1990 (Lindsay 1998) and begins before satellite information substantially influences reanalyses.
We then demonstrate the predictive capabilities (hindcast) for sea ice thickness and other sea ice parameters using ERA-20C for a calibration and validation period for which extensive validation data exists (section 5). PIOMAS-20C is then constructed for the entire period and compared to existing ice thickness and sea ice drift records with particular attention on earlier periods when data are usually limited and sparse in time and space (section 6). For example we use data from the Norwegian North Polar Expedition with the Maud for the 1922–24 period, including air temperature, wind, sea ice drift, and sea ice thickness (Sverdrup 1927). We then examine the resulting PIOMAS-20C reconstruction with a focus on sea ice thickness and volume and compare them to direct observations as well as the standard PIOMAS sea ice reconstruction (section 7a and 7b). We then compare ice thickness variability during the ETCW period with the more recent sea ice thickness decline (section 7c). We also utilize an entirely new dataset of sea ice information extracted from the logbooks of U.S. government vessels that operated in the Arctic in the early twentieth century (section 7d). This information is compared with model-derived sea ice information for the early twentieth century in the Pacific sector. Finally we conduct an uncertainty analysis of our sea ice volume trend estimates and to test the robustness of our conclusions (section 7e).
The numerical modeling system underlying PIOMAS and PIOMAS-20C consists of coupled sea ice and ocean modeling components. The sea ice model is a multicategory thickness and enthalpy distribution sea ice model that employs a teardrop viscous plastic rheology (Zhang and Rothrock 2005), a mechanical redistribution function for ice ridging (Hibler 1980; Thorndike et al. 1975), and a LSR (line successive relaxation) dynamics solver (Zhang and Hibler 1997). The model features 12 ice thickness categories covering ice up to 28 m thick. The sea ice model is coupled with the Parallel Ocean Program (POP) model developed at the Los Alamos National Laboratory. The PIOMAS model domain is based on a curvilinear grid with the north pole of the grid displaced into Greenland. It covers the area north of 49°N with an average grid-cell size of ~40 km and is one-way nested into a similar, but global, ice–ocean model (Zhang 2005). Note that the domain configuration excludes some areas in the Sea of Okhotsk, the Gulf of St. Lawrence, and the Labrador Sea that are covered by sea ice during some winter months. Therefore, comparisons with total volume from other sources need to take account the different domain sizes.
PIOMAS is capable of assimilating ice concentration data using an optimal interpolation approach (Lindsay and Zhang 2006). The assimilation procedure in PIOMAS-20C was slightly changed from PIOMAS so that satellite ice concentrations are assimilated only near the ice edge (defined as 0.15 ice concentration). This means that the assimilation is allowed only in the areas where either model or satellite ice concentration is at or below 0.15. In other words, no assimilation is conducted in the areas where both model and satellite ice concentrations are above 0.15. If the observed ice edge exceeds the model ice edge, then sea ice is added to the thinnest sea ice thickness category. If the model ice edge exceeds observations, excess ice is removed in all thickness categories proportionally. In the areas where observed ice concentration is above 0.15 and model ice concentration is below 0.15, the surface ocean temperature is set to the freezing point. The ice-edge assimilation approach forces the simulated ice edge close to observations, while preventing satellite-derived ice concentrations, which can be biased low during the summer (e.g., Ivanova et al. 2015), from inaccurately correcting model ice concentrations in the interior of the ice pack. In addition, sea ice concentration data prior to the routine satellite observations typically are based on observed ice-edge information with concentrations derived from climatological gradients based on satellite data. Assimilating the ice edge rather than concentrations therefore prioritizes the actual observations. PIOMAS is also capable of assimilating observations of sea surface temperature (SST) following Manda et al. (2005); however, SST assimilation is not used for the PIOMAS-20C project since we found it to add no additional skill.
The PIOMAS framework has undergone substantial validation (Labe et al. 2018; Laliberté et al. 2018; Laxon et al. 2013; Schweiger et al. 2011; Stroeve et al. 2014; Wang et al. 2016) and has been shown to simulate sea ice thickness with error statistics similar to the uncertainty of the observations. Although the default PIOMAS reconstruction is driven with NCEP–NCAR reanalysis (version 1; hereafter NCEP-R1) data, PIOMAS has been successfully integrated using atmospheric forcing data from different atmospheric reanalysis projects (e.g., CFSR, CSFv2, MERRA-1, ERA-Interim) (Lindsay et al. 2014).
PIOMAS and PIOMAS-20C are driven with atmospheric forcing data consisting of downwelling longwave, shortwave fluxes, 10-m wind speed, 2-m surface air temperature and humidity at daily time resolution. Precipitation minus evaporation (P − E) is calculated from precipitation and latent heat fluxes provided by the reanalysis model and specified at monthly time resolution in order to allow the calculation of snow depth over sea ice and input of freshwater into the ocean. River inflow into the model domain is specified from climatology (Hibler and Bryan 1987). Turbulent and momentum transfer is calculated using a surface layer model (Briegleb et al. 2004) that is part of the PIOMAS framework. For PIOMAS-20C, atmospheric forcing data come from ERA-20C (Hersbach et al. 2015; Poli et al. 2016). ERA-20C provides a global atmospheric reanalysis for the period from 1900 to 2010. It relies on the Integrated Forecast System (IFS cy38r1). The reanalysis model runs at T159 with an approximate spatial resolution of 125 km. Prior to running the model, atmospheric forcing data are interpolated to the model grid using bilinear interpolation. Sea surface temperature and sea ice concentrations are prescribed using HadISST, version 2.1.0.0 (Titchner and Rayner 2014). Other external forcing data (aerosols, ozone, greenhouse gases) are specified according to the CMIP5 protocol. ERA-20C only assimilates in situ observations of surface level pressure and marine 10-m wind speeds. For consistency PIOMAS-20C assimilates the same ice concentration data that were used in the ERA-20C project.
For comparison and uncertainty assessment we also use the NOAA-CIRES Twentieth Century Reanalysis, version 20CRv2c (Compo et al. 2011), and the new CERA-20C (Laloyaux et al. 2016) from ECMWF. CERA-20C is a 110-yr reanalysis based on a coupled model and assimilation scheme using only marine winds and surface pressures as in ERA-20C. A 10-member ensemble is available for CERA-20 based on perturbed initial SST and sea ice conditions. For the uncertainty assessment in both cases only ensemble means are used. An examination of surface air temperature variability among CERA-20C members over the Arctic north of 60°N shows only small differences and no trend differences between ensemble members, suggesting that the assimilated data significantly constrain atmospheric temperature variability.
When embarking on this project, we had two choices for atmospheric reanalysis fields covering the twentieth century: the NOAA-CIRES Twentieth Century Reanalysis (version 20CRv2c) (Compo et al. 2011) and ERA-20C. The new CERA-20C only became available recently and we therefore only used it to assess uncertainties. To help decide which reanalysis was more suitable, or whether it would be useful to generate parallel sea ice simulations in order to assess uncertainty, we examined how both products represented atmospheric variables over the sea ice covered area of the Arctic Ocean. We used data from the SHEBA experiment, which includes surface measurement of winds, temperature, downwelling longwave and shortwave radiation (Persson et al. 2002) for nearly a complete annual cycle from 1997 through 1998. In addition, we used surface air temperature and wind data from the former Soviet Union NP drifting ice-station data (Lindsay 1998). This dataset provides nearly continuous measurements from one to two simultaneous drifting ice stations from 1968 to 1991. Data from the Maud expedition for the 1922–24 period provided information about sea ice drift and thickness, as well sea level pressure and surface temperature.
During our investigation, we discovered several issues with 20CRv2c in the Arctic. Although some variables of the 20CRv2c show excellent fidelity in comparisons with validation data and significant improvement in its Arctic performance over the previous version (Lindsay et al. 2014), surface air temperatures in winter are still strongly biased warm. Moreover, we identified spurious surface air temperature variability due to the way the thermodynamic sea ice model in 20CRv2c is initialized as part of the processing streams that break the processing into 5-yr segments. Because the sea ice thickness in the 20CRv2c framework is interactive, changes in the surface energy balance lead to a change in sea ice thickness until the next initialization (beginning of the 5-yr stream). Differences between initialized and resulting sea ice thickness therefore introduce a spurious 5-yr cycle into some of the 20CRv2c variables (Fig. S1 in the online supplemental material). Experiments to force our ice ocean model with 20CRv2c data did not generate credible sea ice fields largely due to excessively warm winter temperatures (Fig. 1a), more than 5°C in November, which yielded unrealistically thin ice that did not survive the summer. Model tuning strategies that have yielded realistic simulations with other forcing datasets (Lindsay et al. 2014) were not successful with 20CRv2c. We therefore abandoned this effort and focused on ERA-20C. 20CRv2c is currently undergoing reprocessing which will hopefully mitigate the above listed issues (G. Compo 2019, personal communication). Atmospheric forcing validation focuses on ERA-20C, but where appropriate 20CRv2c meteorological variables are shown for comparison. For all intercomparisons, reanalysis data were reduced to a daily mean and interpolated to a regular pole-centered equal area grid with 40-km resolution. Data for comparison with station observations were then interpolated linearly to the corresponding daily mean position of the surface station. To remove annual cycles that strongly affect correlations, we employed anomaly correlations and a daily differencing scheme.
Citation: Journal of Climate 32, 15; 10.1175/JCLI-D-19-0008.1
Figures 1c and 1e show the annual cycle for downwelling longwave and shortwave fluxes from five reanalysis datasets and from the measurements made at the SHEBA Atmospheric Surface Flux Group (ASFG) tower (Persson et al. 2002). ERA-20C differences with measurements are on the order of 20 W m−2 and on par with other reanalysis products except for NCEP-R1, which shows previously documented (e.g., Makshtas et al. 2007; Schweiger et al. 2008; Serreze et al. 1998) large compensating discrepancies with measurements in both long and shortwave fluxes are due to underestimated summer cloud cover in NCEP-R1. Daily differences (Figs. 1d and 1f), which remove the annual cycle, show that considerable amounts of synoptic variability are captured in ERA-20C. Seven-day smoothed daily differences are correlated at r = 0.60 for both long and shortwave fluxes. In terms of the annual cycle, downwelling radiative fluxes, both long-term reanalysis datasets (20CRv2 and ERA-20C) show equivalent performance to the reanalysis projects that assimilate all available data. However, correlations of daily differences are slightly higher for ERA-Interim (hereafter ERA-INT), NCEP-R1, and MERRA (not shown).
The annual cycle of surface air temperatures from ERA-20C is very close to observations (Fig. 1a). Notably, winter temperatures tend to be lower and closer to observations than the other reanalysis datasets except NCEP-R1. ERA-20C, using a similar atmospheric model and sea ice representation as ERA-INT, is cooler by several degrees during the fall and winter months and closer to observations than the ERA-INT. NCEP-R1, which does not assimilate observed surface air temperatures over Arctic sea ice, similarly has colder surface air temperatures than observations. The 20CRv2c temperatures are substantially too warm during the winter and fall months with biases greater than 5°C in November. The ERA-20C surface temperatures are highly correlated (0.97) with SHEBA observations with an RMS error of 3°C and very little overall bias (Fig. S2). Removing the annual cycle by taking daily differences (differences from one day to the next) yields correlations of r = 0.40 and r = 0.46 (7-day smoothing) (Fig. 1b). For the NCEP-R1 the RMS error is slightly smaller than for the ERA-20C. For comparison, 20CRv2c surface air temperatures have an RMS error of 4°C, correlation of 0.98, but substantial positive biases in winter. Comparison with NP station data shows a similar relationship between observations and reanalysis datasets as found at the SHEBA site, although ERA-20C values are warmer than observations by about 2°C and warmer than NCEP-R1 from January through March (Fig. S3). ERA-20C surface air temperature validation statistics for a much more data-sparse period can be computed using measurements from the Maud expedition for the period 1922–24. RMS errors (5.2°C) during that time increase markedly from later periods, but ERA-20C temperatures remain highly correlated with observations (0.92) and show relatively little bias (Fig. 2). Daily differences and monthly anomalies clearly indicate that ERA-20C has skill beyond capturing the annual cycle with monthly anomaly correlations at r = 0.72.
Sea ice dynamics and thermodynamics are directly influenced by surface winds, and thus an accurate representation is critical to achieve realistic sea ice thickness variability. To assess ERA-20C we compare 10-m wind speeds with equivalent observations from NP stations. Figure 3 shows the comparison of the annual cycle of mean monthly wind speed for ERA-20C and other reanalysis datasets and observations from the NP stations. The ERA-20C wind speeds are close to observed wind speeds with a slight positive bias and slightly higher than the ERA-INT wind speeds. Daily ERA-20C wind speed RMS error is 2.5 m s−1 with a correlation of 0.50. This compares to RMS errors of 1.3 m s−1 and correlation of 0.85 for ERA-INT, which performs best relative to the NP stations. The NCEP-R1 wind speeds are consistently lower than observed and typically lower than other reanalysis datasets. Using only NP stations prior to 1979 (when satellite data begin to be assimilated in modern reanalyses) yields very similar errors. We therefore consider those values to be representative for ERA-20C prior to the satellite period. NP station results are similar to comparisons with measurements at the ASFG tower during SHEBA (not shown), although less noisy due to the greater number of observations. Interestingly, 20CRv2c shows substantially better error statistics for SHEBA than ERA-20C with RMS errors of 1.8 m s−1 and correlations of 0.76 versus RMS and correlation values of 2.3 m s−1 and 0.54 for ERA-20C. Wind speeds are also available for the Maud expedition. They were originally recorded in wind force and subsequently converted to wind speed and are noisy in part due quantization errors. Applying a 7-day running mean yields correlations of r = 0.61 and an RMS error of 2.0 m s−1 (Fig. 4). This indicates that ERA-20C is capable of capturing a considerable part of wind speed variability at weekly time scales during the early twentieth century when very little data was available to constrain the reanalysis.
Following the assessment and selection of ERA-20C to supply atmospheric forcing for PIOMAS-20C integration, we perform a two-step model calibration. The calibration and validation approach follows the strategy developed for the standard PIOMAS integration (Schweiger et al. 2011) and ice–ocean model experiments using alternate atmospheric forcing fields (Lindsay et al. 2014). During the development of PIOMAS we have previously tuned parameters such as water drag turning angle, ice strength coefficient, and magnitude of tensile stress. We have found that the two parameters, melting ice albedo and surface roughness length, are most effective to reduce PIOMAS bias and RMS errors relative to observations when adjusting to different atmospheric forcing datasets. Therefore only those two were adjusted for the calibration of PIOMAS-20C.
PIOMAS-20C ice speed is tuned to minimize differences with a set of drifting buoys from the International Arctic Buoy Program (IABP) following Zhang et al. (2012). This drift validation dataset consists of daily averaged drift speeds from all available IABP buoys from 1979 to 2010 that have been screened for consistency. Differences in mean daily drift speed between observations and model are minimized by adjusting the aerodynamic surface roughness in the surface layer model that couples the atmospheric forcing fields to the sea ice surface. A roughness length value of 0.0008 m is selected for PIOMAS-20C after calibration using buoy drift data, which results in a mean model ice speed bias of −0.005 m s−1 and model–data correlation of 0.71 over the period of 1979–2010.
Surface albedo for melting sea ice is adjusted to minimize mean model ice thickness bias against in situ measurements available from the Unified Sea Ice Thickness Climate Data Record (ThickCDR) (Lindsay 2010; Lindsay and Schweiger 2015). ThickCDR contains ice thickness observations from in situ, submarine, airborne, and satellite remote sensing platforms. Only a subset of measurements (1975–2009) and only upward-looking sonar (ULS) and airborne electromagnetic induction (EM) measurements are used for model calibration. Mean ice thickness differences for N = 3101 model–observation pairs is minimized using a manual process involving sequential test integrations with the model. The mean monthly difference in (effective) ice thickness for PIOMAS-20C for the calibration dataset is 0.11 m. This compares favorably with a mean ice thickness difference of −0.06 m for PIOMAS. The albedo for melting ice is set to 0.65 for PIOMAS-20C.
PIOMAS-20C is then compared to all available observations from the ThickCDR (version 20170601), which contains sea ice thickness, sea ice draft, and sea ice + snow thickness records from 1948 through the present. Ice thickness measurements in the ThickCDR usually reflects the “effective” ice thickness or draft for a 50-km spatial average including the open water category. PIOMAS-20C snow water equivalent is used to convert ThickCDR observations of draft to sea ice thickness. For EM-based measurements, ThickCDR provides a combined sea ice plus snow thickness. Model snow thickness is therefore subtracted from EM measurements to compute sea ice thickness (Schweiger et al. 2011). ThickCDR is augmented with ice thickness observations made during the Maud expedition from 1922 to 1924 (Sverdrup 1927).
To adjust measurements from the Maud expedition and those from the stations in the ThickCDR that are based on individual “ice-only” measurements (data points in ThickCDR identified as “Canadian coastal”), model ice concentration is used to convert the observed ice thickness to effective ice thickness. One of the Canadian coastal stations located on Isachsen Island provides two separate, partially overlapping, records with large differences in mean ice thickness. Both station records are highly correlated, allowing an adjustment via a linear regression (Fig. S5). The adjustment does not affect overall validation statistics significantly but decreases the mean difference between PIOMAS-20C and observations between 1948 and 1954 from 0.6 to 0.4 m.
Figure 5 shows the time series of a comparison with PIOMAS-20C and corresponding ThickCDR observations. The largest differences in the time series occur from 1948 to 1954 when the observations come exclusively from a few Canadian coastal landfast ice stations. Some of these stations show a very good agreement with PIOMAS-20C, while others show poor correlation and biases; however, overall PIOMAS-20C clearly captures a portion of the ice thickness variability at these stations at monthly and interannual time scales with annual anomalies correlated at r = 0.52 (Fig. 6). Rather than selecting stations based on their agreement with PIOMAS-20C or some other criteria, we elected to include all available stations. Although PIOMAS-20C does not explicitly simulate landfast ice through grounding, the teardrop plastic rheology used in PIOMAS-20C allows biaxial tensile stress (Zhang and Rothrock 2005), which makes it easier for ice to “stick” to the coast under wind and current forcing, thus behaving like landfast ice (Lemieux et al. 2016). A recent evaluation of landfast ice representation in sea ice models found good agreement between PIOMAS and landfast ice observations (Laliberté et al. 2018).
Mean annual ice thickness from PIOMAS-20C is within the range of, or close to, the standard errors of the annual mean thickness of observations. Figure 7 shows observed and modeled mean annual ice thickness with model data sampled at observation times and locations. PIOMAS-20C ice thickness on average is thicker than observations by 0.15 m with an RMS difference of 0.26 m and a correlation of 0.85. Using monthly statistics, the mean ice thickness error is 0.09 m, the correlation drops to 0.67, and the RMS error increases to 0.88 m (excluding satellite data). Monthly statistics are substantially influenced by the Canadian coastal station record, which provides landfast ice thickness. Excluding these measurements improves the correlation to 0.72, reduces the mean error to 0.04 m, and slightly increases the RMS error to 0.91 m. However, without the Canadian coastal stations the observational record does not start until 1960 when ice thickness measurements from the first submarine cruises become available in ThickCDR. PIOMAS-20C validation statistics for the 1979–2010 period that overlaps with the standard PIOMAS product are nearly identical with correlations of 0.76, a mean error of 0.06 m, and RMS error of 0.81 m (not shown). The previously documented tendency of PIOMAS to overestimate areas of thin ice and underestimate areas of thick ice (Schweiger et al. 2011) is slightly more pronounced in PIOMAS-20C. This tendency is apparent in the spatial patterns of ice thickness with sea ice being too thick in the Beaufort Sea area and too thin elsewhere (Fig. 8). This spatial bias is common among current sea ice models (Chevallier et al. 2017; Johnson et al. 2012; Uotila et al. 2018). There is considerable uncertainty regarding the magnitude and exact spatial pattern of this bias since sea ice thickness retrievals from ICESat are affected by biases in the used snow depth, which has substantial uncertainties (Blanchard-Wrigglesworth et al. 2018). Other isolated sea ice thickness measurements not yet integrated into the ThickCDR also support that PIOMAS-20C sea ice thickness simulations capture mean sea ice conditions and variability (Fig. S6).
Direct observations of meteorological and sea ice variables are sparse, particularly prior to the 1950s, when regular measurements from NP and other international drifting stations began. An indirect validation is possible by using the model simulation to compare daily drift speed and direction at ship/station locations with daily positions logged at the time. We examine the records of two multiyear stations from the presatellite period, the drift of the United States Arctic Research Laboratory Ice Station 2 (ARLIS-2; 1961–65) and the drift of the Maud expedition between 1922 and 1924. Daily drift speeds from the ARLIS-2 station for 1961–65 (Fig. 9) show an excellent match during some periods (1961–62) but are a bit noisier during other times. Overall, daily drift speeds are correlated at 0.4 with and RMS error of 2.4 km day−1. Applying a 7-day smoothing improves correlations to 0.7. Drift agreement for the earlier Maud expedition is lower, with daily correlations of 0.37, or 0.53 after a 7-day smoothing is applied, likely reflecting the less well-constrained atmospheric forcing and possible errors in the ship’s navigation during that time (Fig. 10). Even though the timing and intensity of individual drift events appear to be less well simulated during this time, the distribution of drift speed and direction of simulated and observed drift show strong similarities. Figure 11 shows simulated and observed daily drift speed and direction distributions in the form of drift rosettes. Both show very similar characteristics in the distribution of drift speed and direction. This comparison provides a measure of confidence that using ERA-20C winds to drive PIOMAS-20C generates a realistic representation of sea ice drift distribution and therefore capture sea ice variability associated with advective processes, even during a time when data coverage was sparse. However, it is difficult to assess whether this example is representative for other locations within the Arctic during the early part of the twentieth century before more frequent observations became available for assimilation. Examination of the feedback records for ERA-20C indicates that SLP measurements from the Maud were assimilated in ERA-20C, thereby likely positively affecting the resulting wind field.
Figure 12 shows the total ice volume time series from PIOMAS-20C for April and September from 1901 through 2010. Standard PIOMAS products from 1979 to 2016 are shown for comparison. April sea ice volume for PIOMAS-20C is larger by 4.3 × 103 km3, a 13% difference in total volume for that time of the year. PIOMAS-20C September volume for the 1979–2010 period is 2.6 × 103 km3 or 17% larger than PIOMAS. These volume differences are larger than the previously established uncertainty estimates of 2.8 × 103 and 1.2 × 103 km3 for April and September, respectively (Schweiger et al. 2011).
The differences between the PIOMAS and PIOMAS-20C ice volume results can be attributed to three sources that influence the resulting sea ice volume. Those are the atmospheric forcing data, the input data used for the assimilation of sea ice information, and the method by which sea ice information is assimilated. To investigate the role of each of these mechanisms on total volume we conduct two separate experiments (EXP1 and EXP2). The potential influence of model tuning is included in the sensitivity to forcing data and is considered minor since the same tuning procedure is followed. The details for each experiment are provided in Table 1.
Configuration of experiments that examine the relative importance of different forcing, ice concentration (conc.) data source, and assimilation method on ice volume differences between PIOMAS and PIOMAS-20C.
Table 1 shows a comparison of volume differences and trends relative to the PIOMAS-20C integration. The annual volume difference between PIOMAS and PIOMAS-20C is 15% of the total volume. EXP1 uses forcing from NCEP-R1 but leaves everything else as in the PIOMAS-20C integration. This experiment generates sea ice volume that is 6% lower on annual average than PIOMAS-20C, indicating that 40% of the total difference between PIOMAS-20C and PIOMAS is due to different forcing data. EXP2 uses the same forcing and input data as PIOMAS but assimilates sea ice observations near the ice edge. It has similar results as EXP1, with annual ice volume lower than PIOMAS-20C by 6%. This suggests that for annual sea ice volume, forcing data account for 40% of the difference between PIOMAS-20C and the assimilation method accounts for 60% of the difference. The effect of the assimilated sea ice dataset is relatively small, even though differences exist (Titchner and Rayner 2014). However, it is important to note that these factors are not entirely independent since the effect of the assimilation method will depend on the ice extent and the ice concentration gradients at the ice edge in the dataset being used. The overall effect of the assimilation procedure is to remove sea ice relative to an integration without assimilation. Sea ice is removed in the North Atlantic where the ice-edge position tends to be too far south without assimilation. The removal of sea ice at the edge also has an impact on the sea ice thickness and total volume, because the effect of corrections that occurred at the ice edge persists and propagates through the system. However, it does not affect the ice volume trends during the ETCW while it increases the simulated ice losses during the recent period (see the supplemental material for a further discussion).
Atmospheric forcing, sea ice information data source, and assimilation method also affect total volume trends. The PIOMAS-20C volume loss from 1979 to 2010 is −0.37 × 103 km3 yr−1 while PIOMAS volume loss for the same periods is only −0.28 × 103 km3 yr−1, a relative change of 25%. For annual volume trends from 1979 to 2010, the atmospheric forcing has the largest impact, accounting for a relative differences of 16%. The assimilation method accounts for 9% of the volume trend difference and the input dataset for 7%. The differences in trends are similar in size as previously found using different forcing datasets or assimilation methods (Schweiger et al. 2011; Lindsay et al. 2014). They are also consistent with our previous assessment that PIOMAS trends have relative uncertainties of about 30% (Schweiger et al. 2011).
Using the trends from the respective runs to estimate relative sea ice volume loss, we have lost 65% of the total Arctic sea ice volume in September from 1979 to 2010 using PIOMAS-20C. This number is reduced to 55% for PIOMAS. Ice loss for the ice volume maximum in April is smaller, with 41% for PIOMAS-20C and 35% for PIOMAS. The greater volume loss trends in PIOMAS-20C relative to PIOMAS arise from the fact that ice thickness in the Beaufort and Chukchi Seas is larger in PIOMAS-20C during the early 1980s than for PIOMAS. Extending the period through 2016 shows a total volume loss of 72% for September and 35% for April from PIOMAS.
Trend differences arise mostly from sea ice volume differences during the early 1980s when the two reconstructions show the largest differences. Examining ice thickness differences from ThickCDR provides additional clues. ThickCDR data from 1979 to 1984 from U.S. submarines shows a small bias (−0.03 m) for PIOMAS-20C and a larger one for PIOMAS (−0.61 m). Therefore, PIOMAS-20C ice thickness may indeed reflect ice thickness during the early 1980s more accurately than PIOMAS. Ice-ocean model integrations with atmospheric forcing fields from different reanalysis datasets (Lindsay et al. 2014; see their Fig. 13) but without data assimilation, also showed that the integration using NCEP-R1 forcing had substantially lower volume during the early 1980s. While this is supportive of our previous result that PIOMAS provides a conservative estimate of sea ice volume loss (Schweiger et al. 2011), we do not believe it provides sufficient evidence to decide which of the simulations provides the more accurate estimate of sea ice volume and trend. Instead the differences should be viewed as a measure of the uncertainty in the reconstructed sea ice volume in either dataset.
In the early twentieth century the Arctic experienced a well-documented warming period (Beitsch et al. 2014; Bengtsson et al. 2004; Brooks 1923; Kincer 1933; Suo et al. 2013; Wood and Overland 2010; Zubov 1948). The start and end points of the ETCW period in the Arctic vary somewhat between authors, although starting dates around 1920 are commonly given, and ending dates in the 1940s. Recognizing that the start and end points for this period are not clearly defined, we consider a longer period from the start of the record in 1901 through 1940. Although trends over the period are sensitive to the selection of the start and end points of the period, the overall conclusions we draw here are not. While the warming is well established, less well documented is the impact of this warming on sea ice, particularly on sea ice thickness and total volume. PIOMAS-20C sea ice volume anomalies (Fig. 13) show a downward trend from 1901 through about 1940. Sea ice volume over this period decreased by 600 km3 decade−1. This compares with a decrease of 3810 km3 decade−1 over the 1979–2010 period. Ice volume increased from 1940 through the mid-1950s, providing some justification for selecting 1940 as the end point of the ETCW.
Information from ice charts, vessel logs, and reports published at the time (e.g., CIEM/ICES 1948; Koch 1945; Zubov 1948) suggests that sea ice loss during the ETCW may not have been Arctic wide but featured a strong imprint on sea ice in the Atlantic sector. Little evidence is shown for a similar imprint in the Pacific sector (Wood and Overland 2010). PIOMAS-20C simulations provide further support for these results. Figure 14a shows the trend of sea ice thickness from 1901 through 1940 for September. Ice thickness in the Atlantic sector decreased considerably, by as much about 0.3 m decade−1 in an area reaching from Fram Strait to the Barents Sea. A simultaneous thickening occurred in the East Siberian, Chukchi, and Beaufort Seas. The decrease in the Atlantic sector qualitatively matches the decline in ice extent over the same period reported by others (Divine and Dick 2006) who provide ice extent from 1750 to 2002 for the sector covering 30°–70°W. The sea ice thickness trend pattern largely matches the surface air temperature pattern in the ERA-20C data (Fig. 15), with strong warming reaching from the Atlantic side of the Arctic deep into the Arctic Ocean. A simultaneous cooling in the Chukchi and Beaufort Seas is consistent with sea ice thickening in this area.
Further support for this temperature and ice thickness trend pattern comes from the NOAA 20RCv2c reanalysis, which also shows warming in the Atlantic sector and cooling on the Pacific side (Fig. S7). Although details and magnitude of the temperature anomaly are different, the general pattern with warming in the Atlantic sector and cooling in the Pacific is similar. Regional sea ice thickness fluctuation associated with the ETCW in the Arctic can be contrasted with the more recent decline in sea ice thickness from 1979 to 2010 (Fig. 14b), which shows a decrease in sea ice thickness throughout the Arctic, with a maximum thickness decrease along the Pacific side of the Arctic (see Fig. S9 for comparison the surface air temperature trends for 1979–2010). Note that the standard PIOMAS thickness trend pattern over the 1979–2010 period is very similar to the PIOMAS-20C reconstruction, but it shows a weaker decline in sea ice thickness on the Siberian side. This is because PIOMAS-20C has thicker ice in this area in the early 1980s, as discussed above. The spatial pattern of the sea ice thickness differences between the model and ICESat observations discussed earlier has the potential to interact with the spatial pattern in the thermal forcing due to the ice growth feedback (Bitz and Roe 2004), which dictates that thinner ice grows more rapidly than thick ice. However, since this ice growth feedback is not linear it is possible that the negative model bias in the area of thinning during the ETCW may have reduced the rate of modeled ice volume loss.
While the sea ice variability in the Atlantic sector of the Arctic during the ETCW is well characterized on the basis of historical records, relatively few observations have been available for the Pacific sector of the Arctic. Many records that exist have so far not been incorporated into the Hadley ISST2 V2.1.0.0 data, which in turn provide the ice concentrations assimilated into PIOMAS-20C.
Using a new dataset compiled as part of this project, we examine Pacific sector sea ice variability from PIOMAS-20C during the first four decades of the twentieth century, which includes the ETCW period. Historical ship logbooks from U.S. government ships, including the U.S. Navy, U.S. Revenue Cutter Service/U.S. Coast Guard, U.S. Coast Survey, and U.S. Fisheries Service located at the National Archives were digitally imaged as part of a joint NOAA/National Archives effort, and then transcribed by citizen scientists participating in the Old Weather (www.oldweather.org) project. The period captured spans 1844–1970, with near-comprehensive coverage of logbooks relating to the Arctic to 1955.
From these, Pacific sector logbooks where sea ice was reported were selected for enhanced analysis, including reconstruction of the ship tracks from navigational data recorded in the logs (e.g., course/distance run and bearing/range information), and then coded for sea ice conditions at hourly resolution. Sea ice information is coded as ice present or absent, along with descriptive terms for both sea ice and vessel operating condition that together provide a qualitative assessment of sea ice conditions. For the purpose of this project we only use the ice/no ice information in this dataset. Forty ship logs from 1901 through 1938 are included here. Note that the U.S. Coast Guard cutter Bear logbook for 1920 is missing, and there were no Arctic cruises in 1927 and 1939. The U.S. Coast Guard shifted assets to the Atlantic sector in 1940 in response to the outbreak of World War 2 in Europe; regular operations in the Pacific sector of the Arctic resumed in 1946.
Figure 16 shows a comparison of observed ice versus ice-free conditions in the Bering/Chukchi Sea from these logs, overlaid on sea ice concentrations from the PIOMAS-20C reconstruction for June and August for four periods, 1901–10, 1911–20, 1921–30, and 1930–38.
We draw the following conclusions from this comparison: ship observations of ice are generally located north of the ice edge, while those reporting ice-free conditions are located south of the ice edge. A quantitative comparison is shown in Table 2. Of 8091 ship observations, 74% were correctly represented in PIOMAS-20C and 26% were misclassified. The vast majority of misclassified observations are those where ship observations indicate open water while PIOMAS-20C reports sea ice. To an extent this is an expected bias, given that observations of ice presence are definitive while in many cases no ice reported is not. For example, persistent low visibility may have hampered the sighting of sea ice that was actually present at some distance from the ship. This type of open-water mischaracterization bias near the ice edge is also fostered by the navigating officer’s explicit selection of leads and open-water routes wherever possible. No apparent trend in the sea ice edge or the quality of the comparison statistics is apparent over the four decades, suggesting no discernable multidecadal trend. This provides further evidence that the sea ice decline during the ETCW period was largely confined to the Atlantic sector, while the Pacific sector showed no strong trend (Wood and Overland 2010). Since the ice edge in PIOMAS-20C is assimilated using the HadISST2 dataset, this comparison indirectly provides some validation of the HadISST2 dataset, which during that period entirely relies on Walsh and Chapman (2001), who utilized sea ice charts produced by the Danish Meteorological Institute (DMI; https://nsidc.org/data/G02203) for this time period.
Confusion matrix indicating the correspondence between observed and simulated ice or open-water conditions. A 15% ice concentration threshold was used to identify PIOMAS-20C sea ice simulation as ice-free or ice-covered. Of a total of 8091 observations, 74% had the correct classification in PIOMAS-20C (shown in boldface), while 26% are misclassified.
Given the lack of sufficient validation data for the ETCW period it is difficult to directly quantify the uncertainty of the sea ice volume trend. Since ERA-20C only provides a single-member simulation, an uncertainty estimate based on ensemble simulations using this dataset is not possible, and uncertainties due to biases in the atmospheric reanalysis could not be addressed in this fashion in any case. To provide some measure of the uncertainty in the ETCW volume trends we use a different approach. Previous research has utilized the relationship between sea ice extent and surface air temperatures as a way to reconstruct sea ice conditions over centuries (Alekseev et al. 2016; Connolly et al. 2017). We also utilize this approach to establish the relationship between 1901 and 2010 sea ice volume anomalies (all months and September) from PIOMAS-20C and surface air temperatures temperature anomalies (all months and September) from ERA-20C over the PIOMAS-20C model domain (ocean areas north of ~49°N). These linear relationships have correlations of −0.49 for all months and −0.64 for September (coefficients given in Table 3). The regression equation is then used to reconstruct sea ice volume based on air temperature anomalies from ERA-20C, CERA-20C, and 20CRv2c. For the latter two, ensemble means are used. Figure 17 shows PIOMAS-20C sea ice volume, temperature anomalies for all months in the year over the PIOMAS-20C model domain from ERA-20C, CERA-20C, and 20CRv2c. Although air temperature anomalies are clearly correlated with sea ice volume anomalies, there is also considerable variability that is not related to average temperature anomalies. This variability is generated by dynamic processes including ocean and sea ice dynamics, by responses to thermodynamic forces not captured by the domain averages, or by interactions between them. In fact, thermodynamic and dynamic (wind) forcing contribute in equal parts to Arctic sea ice volume variability based on dedicated experiments (Koberle and Gerdes 2003; Rothrock and Zhang 2005). While temperature-based sea ice reconstruction therefore can only account for part of the sea ice variability, they can provide some measure of the uncertainty for our derived ETCW sea ice volume trend due to differences in trends in the forcing data. Using the range of reconstructed sea ice volume anomalies as a measure of uncertainty, we can characterize the PIOMAS-20C ice volume anomaly time series (Fig. 18). An examination of temperature and reconstructed sea ice volume anomalies during the ETCW (Fig. 17a) shows that ERA-20C has the weakest temperature increase and smallest sea ice volume decrease during the ETCW. Table 4 provides PIOMAS-20C and trends reconstructed from air temperature anomalies for 1901–40 and 1980–2010. PIOMAS-20C sea ice volume trends from 1980 to 2010 period are about 6 times larger than during the 1901–40 ETCW period. ERA-20C temperature-based volume trends for the ETCW period are about half (−0.27 × 103 km3 decade−1) than when sea ice dynamics (−0.56 × 103 km3 decade−1) are included. Using CERA-20C and 20CRv2c temperature anomalies to reconstruct sea ice volume during the ETCW yields significantly larger sea ice volume losses (−0.43 × 103 km3 decade−1 and −0.45 × 103 km3 decade−1, respectively) because of the relatively stronger warming during that period in both of these reanalysis products. Applying the same approach to reconstructing sea ice volume for September based on air temperature anomalies yields similar results (Fig. 18b). While these temperature-based reconstructions indicate that PIOMAS-20C ice volume losses during the ETCW are likely conservative estimates, the strong contrast with the more recent warming remains robust. Conservatively estimating the uncertainty of the ETCW sea ice loss based on temperature sensitivities as 100% would yield a maximal 1200 km3 decade−1 sea ice volume loss during the ETCW. Comparing this number to the more reliably known sea ice losses during the more recent period, shows that the 1979–2010 losses are still larger by a factor of 3.
Coefficients for linear regression between PIOMAS-20C ice volume anomalies and ERA-20C air temperature (Tair) anomalies over the model domain. The 95% confidence intervals in parentheses based on a t test are provided for all coefficients.
Ice volume anomaly change rates (103 km3 decade−1) for two different periods, 1901–40 and 1980–2010, from PIOMAS-20C, and reconstructed using temperature anomalies. Reconstructions considered here are based on ERA-20C, CERA-20C, and 20CRv2c surface air temperature anomalies. Rates are shown for all months and for September-only ice volume anomalies reconstructed from September air temperature anomalies.
Our conclusion that sea ice loss during the ETCW period was drastically smaller than during the 1980–2010 period is further supported by comparing PIOMAS-20C ice concentration anomalies with a new ice concentration dataset compiled by Walsh et al. (2016) (hereafter SIBT-1850) (Fig. 19). PIOMAS-20C ice concentration anomalies closely correspond to the SIBT-1850 during the ETCW and show perhaps a weak downward trend in both datasets from 1920 through 1940. This comparison indicates that ice concentration anomalies for the relevant periods compared are relatively unaffected by the differences between the more data-rich SIBT-1850 dataset and the HadISST v2.1.0.0 that was assimilated into PIOMAS-20C. The largest differences occur during the World War II period (1939–45) when SIBT-1850 include additional datasets that had not been incorporated into the version of the HadISST v2.1.0.0 dataset, which provides the ice concentration information for PIOMAS-20C. This discrepancy in ice concentration during this period needs to be taken into consideration when using PIOMAS-20C.
We have reconstructed a 110-yr-long record of Arctic sea ice thickness and volume using the PIOMAS ice-ocean assimilation system forced with ERA-20C atmospheric data. ERA-20C, which only assimilates surface level pressure and marine winds, performs similar to other, more comprehensive reanalyses with respect to the annual cycles of downwelling radiation, surface air temperature and wind speed. For surface air temperature, RMS errors are similar to RMS errors from NCEP-R1 but nearly double to those for ERA-Interim. Wind speed validation statistics are not as good for ERA-20C than for other reanalysis projects, including 20CR. Validation statistics for temperature, wind, and sea ice drift for the early data sparse presatellite period, show the considerable skill of ERA-20C in capturing daily to monthly variability. Sea ice drift from PIOMAS-20C shows that significant fractions of the variance of the historical observations from the Maud expedition (1922–24) and the ARLIS-2 drifting station (1960–65) are captured.
Comparisons of PIOMAS-20C ice thickness with historical sea ice thickness observations going back to the Maud expedition (1922–24) provide similar error statistics as for the standard PIOMAS reconstruction over 1979–2010. Mean annual ice thickness differences between observations and reconstruction have a small bias of 0.15 m, an RMS error of 0.26 m, and they are correlated with an r value of 0.85. Total sea ice volume from PIOMAS-20C is generally larger than PIOMAS over 1979–2010.
Substantial differences between PIOMAS and PIOMAS-20C in total sea ice volume occur in spring and can be attributed to roughly equal parts to atmospheric forcing and differences in the assimilation method.
Ice thickness patterns for the ETCW periods show a decline in sea ice thickness in the Atlantic sector of the Arctic but increases in the Pacific sector. This pattern of thickness variability is consistent with the pattern of surface temperature anomalies that occurred over this time period. Comparison of PIOMAS-20C with sea ice information from newly transcribed logs from U.S. Revenue Service/Coast Guard cutters operating in the Bering and Chukchi Seas between 1901 and 1938 support the notion that Pacific sea ice did not show a strong trend during the ETCW. Total Arctic sea ice volume loss during the ETCW period from 1901 to 1940 is only 600 km3 decade−1, 6 times smaller when compared with the loss of 3800 km3 decade−1 for the more recent 1979–2010 period. Using temperature-based reconstructions of sea ice volume using 20CRv2c and CERA-20C we show that considerable uncertainty remains for sea ice volume trends during the ETCW. PIOMAS-20C sea ice losses during the ETCW are likely conservative estimates because of the subdued warming in ERA-20C during that period relative to other reanalyses. Nevertheless, a much stronger decline in sea ice volume during the 1980–2010 period compared the ETCW period is robust feature of these reconstructions.
PIOMAS-20C provides a first step toward century-scale sea ice reanalysis. An important limitation of the approach using a coupled ice–ocean modeling and assimilation system in combination with an atmospheric reanalysis is the lack of coupling between the atmosphere and the ice–ocean system. The sea ice dataset used to provide boundary conditions in the atmospheric reanalysis will damp to some extent the ice–ocean model solution forced with the atmospheric reanalysis. The resulting PIOMAS-20C ice thickness is therefore not entirely independent of the sea ice information utilized in the atmospheric reanalysis. Coupled air–ice–ocean reanalyses may remove this limitation in the future but other difficulties, such as the uncertainties in the coupling of various model components, will have to be overcome first to assure realistic sea ice thickness simulations.
The data assimilation approach used in this study is a very simple one. It blends model-estimated ice concentration with satellite observations at the ice edge. Because of the complete coverage of the available satellite ice concentration data in space and time, this simple approach allows the model to adjust to the observations at each time step and at each ice-edge grid cell in an efficient manner. As a result, the simulated ice edge after assimilation resembles the observed one, while ice concentration and thickness in the interior of the ice pack are not directly constrained by observations. However, like many other data assimilation techniques, this approach does not conserve mass or energy. In addition, this approach does not directly address the source of the biases that may exist in the system including forcing, model physics, and uncertainties in the assimilated data. Because of these potential biases/uncertainties, we rely on extensive model calibration and validation using a variety of data over a significant period of time as mentioned in section 5. Other data assimilation methods that attempt to conserve mass and energy (Fenty et al. 2017; Kauker et al. 2009; Koldunov et al. 2017) may have the potential to create better ice thickness and volume products in the future. Data assimilation approaches that yield direct estimates of uncertainty of the integrated parameter (e.g., ice volume) by generating ensembles might be explored.
Another path forward is the direct assimilation of historical sea ice information such as qualitative sea ice observations from shipping logs. Sea ice information from in situ datasets is typically sparse in both time and space. In the present approach, gridded sea ice datasets that are space and time complete are generated from ship logs, charts, and satellite data, using various techniques to assemble the data into a gridded product. This typically involves cross calibration of datasets, derivation of ice concentration from extent based on historical gradients across the ice edge, and ample application of extrapolation and default to climatology (Mahoney et al. 2008) or the use of gap-filling (Walsh et al. 2016). Observed ice thickness information is not currently used at all in the development of this sea ice reconstruction other than for calibration and validation. This may be improved in the future by assimilating available thickness data. As part of this study we have assembled a host of historical sea ice information from ship logs, historical charts, and field programs. We expect future version of PIOMAS-20C to utilize this information through direct assimilation of these data types as well.
We thank Gil Compo for early access to 20CRv2c data and for useful discussions regarding this data product. We like to thank the four anonymous reviewers for their constructive and detailed reviews. This research used resources of the National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center, a DOE Office of Science User Facility supported by the Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract DE-AC02-05CH11231. Financial support for this work came from NSF Grants ARC-1203425, PLR-1416920, PLR-1603259, and OPP-1744587 and NASA Grants NNX15AG68G and NNX17AD27G, and the Joint Institute for the Study of the Atmosphere and Ocean (JISAO) under NOAA Cooperative Agreement NA15OAR4320063. The joint NOAA/National Archives digital imaging program, which provided online access to primary source logbooks, was supported by North Pacific Research Board Grants 1124, 1226, and 1322. This work uses data provided by Old Weather (https://www.oldweather.org), a Zooniverse project. Data access for several reanalysis data sets was through the Data Support Section of the Computational and Information Systems Laboratory at the National Center for Atmospheric Research. NCAR is supported by grants from the National Science Foundation. Sea ice thickness observations are available from http://psc.apl.uw.edu/sea_ice_cdr/. PIOMAS-20C sea ice thickness fields are available at http://psc.apl.uw.edu/research/projects/piomas-20c/. CERA-20C data were obtained from http://apps.ecmwf.int/datasets/data/cera20c-edmm/levtype=sfc/type=an/.
Supplemental Materials (PDF 977.62 KB)
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VIDEO: 8-bit Cinema: Spirited Away and Princess Mononoke
By JUICE Malaysia • 01 Sep 2015 in News
We most recognise the technology of 8-bit through those addictive Nintendo and Sega video games from the late ’80s. If you want an in-depth lesson in 8-bit, Red Bull did an extensive docu-series about the makers of said games and the history of it. If you were still so captured by the 8-bit realm, you should find the shorts from 8-bit Cinema courtesy of the CineFX channel to be exciting. Here, one of the frequent contributing directors David Dutton shares his pixelated visualisations of Hayao Miyazaki’s Spirited Away and Princess Mononoke. It manages to condense the films into four minutes without losing too much of the original storyline.
More from 8-bit Cinema here.
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← ICC Rules: Saif Gaddafi Should be Tried in The Hague, Not Libya
Backing the ICC: Why Botswana Stands Alone Amongst AU States →
Plus Ça Change: Museveni and the ICC
Posted on June 12, 2013 by Mark Kersten
(Photo: Andrew Winning / Reuters)
Judging by his recent statements, Yoweri Museveni has had it with the International Criminal Court (ICC). In the midst of ongoing acrimony between the African Union and the ICC, the Ugandan President has led the charge with a vocal and belligerent barrage of criticism.
Following the victory of Uhuru Kenyatta and William Ruto in Kenya’s recent Presidential elections, Museveni exclaimed:
“I want to salute the Kenyan voters on…the rejection of the blackmail by the International Criminal Court (ICC) and those who seek to abuse this institution for their own agenda… I was one of those that supported the ICC because I abhor impunity. However the usual opiniated and arrogant actors using their careless and shallow analysis have now distorted the purpose of that institution. They are now using it to install leaders of their choice in Africa and eliminate the ones they do not like.”
A few weeks later, Museveni asserted that there was a conspiracy afoot to kidnap Kenyatta if he travelled to The Hague:
“ICC should tell us if they plan to detain (Kenyan President Uhuru) Kenyatta. They should give us an explanation if he is going to come back to Kenya because the information we are receiving is different.
We will not agree to have him attend if the intention is to detain him. If we don’t have a clear picture of the plans by the International Court, then it means our relations with them will be soured. They should treat us with dignity.”
For proponents of the ICC, Museveni’s remarks might seem like a slap in the face. After all, it was only a few short years ago that Museveni lobbied hard – and successfully – to ensure that the the ICC’s Review Conference was held near Kampala. Of course, Uganda also issued the the first-ever self-referral to the Court in December 2003. At the time, Museveni and then-ICC Prosecutor Luis Moreno-Ocampo famously stood together in a London hotel to announce their cooperation in the hunt for Joseph Kony and the Lord’s Resistance Army (LRA).
In 2005, when the ICC intervened and issued arrest warrants against the LRA’s senior command, it helped legitimize Museveni’s government as well as its commitment to a military solution against Kony and the LRA. It painted Museveni the leader of a good government fighting against a satanic rebel group and its psychotic leader. Uganda reaped the rewards of military aid and international legitimacy. It was increasingly rare to hear criticisms of the government of Uganda. After all, they were crusading in the name of international criminal justice!
(Photo: Mahmud Turkia/AFP/Getty Images)
The ICC’s intervention also had the effect of vindicating Uganda’s military. By refusing to prosecute the atrocities the Ugandan People’s Defence Force (UPDF) committed (and they committed many), the Court sent the message that the UPDF was not complicit or responsible for crimes against civilians in northern Uganda or the Great Lakes region.
Thus, you would think that Museveni was thrilled with the ICC. Clearly he isn’t. So what happened?
The fact is that Museveni has never demonstrated anything more than schizophrenic support for the ICC. As suggested above, Museveni has only been interested in the Court insofar as he can use it as a tool to legitimize his government and lend credibility to a military solution to the ongoing war with Kony and the LRA. As Sarah Nouwen and Wouter Werner write, the ICC was used as a political “weapon” by Museveni and the Government of Uganda.
Museveni has always viewed the Court as a tool that he could use and abuse however he saw fit. During the Juba Peace Negotiations between the LRA and the Government of Uganda, for example, the Government played games with the Court’s indictments, stating that it could never negotiate with Kony because of the arrest warrant against him but subsequently declaring that it could only negotiate with Kony since only he represented the true authority of the LRA. The Government similarly maintained that Kony and the LRA high command had to be prosecuted but also that he could receive amnesty in return for signing a peace agreement.
In short, if the ICC could be useful in demonizing the LRA beyond the pale and lending support for a military solution to the conflict, then Museveni was all for it. But if it became a hindrance to his political agenda, he was often the first to suggest the Court could be ignored. Unfortunately, the ICC itself was largely soft on Museveni, too often letting him have his way, confirming his belief that the Court was a tool at his behest. When the ICC finally became firm and defended itself against Museveni’s ploys, the injured President became increasingly petulant with regards to international criminal justice.
But proponents of the ICC need not despair. Museveni’s views shouldn’t be read to reflect those of Ugandans. As one Ugandan MP asked:
“On whose behalf does President Museveni make such pronouncements and who sent him? Did this proposal come to Parliament and who did he consult?”
The answer is simple: probably no one.
This entry was posted in International Criminal Court (ICC), Lord's Resistance Army (LRA), Uganda and tagged Joseph Kony, Lord's Resistance Army, Yoweri Museveni. Bookmark the permalink.
1 Response to Plus Ça Change: Museveni and the ICC
Pingback: Africa at LSE – The Lesson the ICC Shouldn’t Learn in the Wake of Kenyatta
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Pakistan is preparing to declare Ayaz Sadiq a traitor
Bengali Hunt Desk: Congratulations to Indian Air Force Officer Wing Commander Abhinandan Varthaman The government of Imran Khan is now on the trail of Ayaz Sadiq, the Pakistani leader who has revealed the true story of his return to India. The Imran government is preparing to file a sedition case against Ayaz Sadiq, the former speaker of the National Assembly of Pakistan.
Earlier, Imran Khan's information and broadcasting minister Faraz had said that legal action could be taken against Ayaz Sadiq. This time, Pakistan's Interior Minister Ejaz Shah said on Saturday that many were appealing to the government to prosecute Ayaz Sadiq in accordance with Article 6 of the Constitution. Let me inform you that in Pakistan Article 7 is defined as treason.
Speaking at a rally at Nankana Sahib, Ejaz Shah said, “We are working on the petitions that have been submitted to us.”
Let me inform you that a statement made by Ayaz Sadiq in the Parliament of Pakistan went viral. In that statement, PML-N leader Ayaz Sadiq said, “Congratulations, I remember Shah Mehmood Qureshi was at the meeting where Prime Minister Imran Khan said he would not come.” Chief Awami Saheb came to the meeting, his legs were shaking, his forehead was sweating. Then Qureshi said, “Give congratulations whatever.” Otherwise, India will attack Pakistan at 9 pm. ”
Ayaz Sadiq's statement caused a stir in Pakistan. Ayaz Sadiq made this statement in the Parliament of Pakistan, and for this reason this statement has been taken as very important. Later, Pakistan's Information and Broadcasting Minister Faraz said Ayaz Sadiq was unforgivable. He said a statement that weakened the country was a crime and would be punished for it.
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Justia › US Law › Case Law › California Case Law › Cal. 2d › Volume 26 › Grimm v. Grimm
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Grimm v. Grimm
[L. A. No. 18998. In Bank. Mar. 27, 1945.]
CLARA GRIMM, Respondent, v. WALTER E. GRIMM, et al., as Administrators, etc., Appellants.
John J. Craig and Rush M. Blodget for Appellants.
Stephen Monteleone for Respondent.
TRAYNOR, J.
In January, 1941, plaintiff and Lewis Grimm were divorced. In December, 1939, they entered into a property settlement agreement that provided for a division of their community property, which included an insurance policy on the life of the husband, issued in 1930 and naming the wife as beneficiary. The agreement made this policy the separate property of the husband and gave him the right to change the beneficiary. He died in April, 1943, without having made such a change. He had not remarried, and he left no issue. After his death, plaintiff claimed the proceeds of the insurance policy as the beneficiary thereof and brought this action for a declaration of her rights. The insurance company under stipulation paid the money due on the policy into court and was dismissed from the action. The trial court [26 Cal. 2d 175] entered judgment for plaintiff, and defendants, the administrators of Lewis Grimm's estate, appeal. Defendants contend that the estate is entitled to the proceeds on the ground that the agreement between the spouses terminated all rights of plaintiff with respect to the policy, including the right to receive the insurance money as the beneficiary thereof.
[1] All premiums were paid with community funds and the policy was therefore community property at the time of the property settlement agreement. (Travelers Ins. Co. v. Fancher, 219 Cal. 351, 356 [26 P.2d 482]; Blethen v. Pacific Mut. L. Ins. Co., 198 Cal. 91, 99 [243 P. 431]; New York Life Ins. Co. v. Bank of Italy, 60 Cal. App. 602, 606 [214 P. 61]; Jenkins v. Jenkins, 112 Cal. App. 402, 409 [297 P. 56].) [2] It is settled that even though the insurance contract may provide that the insured husband has the right to change the beneficiary without the wife's consent where she is named as such, any change of beneficiary without her consent and without a valuable consideration is voidable, and after the death of the husband the wife may maintain an action for her community share in the proceeds of the policy. (Mazman v. Brown, 12 Cal. App. 2d 272, 275 [55 P.2d 539]; Travelers' Ins. Co. v. Fancher, supra, at p. 356; Dixon Lumber Co. v. Peacock, 217 Cal. 415, 418 [19 P.2d 233]; Blethen v. Pacific Mut. L. Ins. Co., supra, at p. 101; see 3 Cal.Jur. 10-Yr.Supp. 622; 114 A.L.R. 545, 554.) A wife, however, can release this community interest in the insurance policy and still be a beneficiary thereof. If she executes such a release and the husband revokes his designation of her as beneficiary she has no right to the insurance proceeds upon his death; but if he fails to revoke his designation of her as beneficiary, she is entitled, like any other beneficiary, to the proceeds of the policy at the time of his death. She would not be entitled to such proceeds, however, if the parties agreed that no rights were to accrue to her, even though she remained the beneficiary at the time of the husband's death. It remains to be determined, therefore, whether the spouses in the present case agreed, not only that the policy should become the separate property of the husband, but that no rights should accrue to plaintiff even though she remained the beneficiary at the time of the husband's death.
[3] The interest of a beneficiary designated by an insured [26 Cal. 2d 176] who has the right to change the beneficiary is, like that of a legatee under a will, a mere expectancy of a gift at the time of the insured's death. (Page v. Washington Mutual Life Assn., 20 Cal. 2d 234, 242 [125 P.2d 20]; Cook v. Cook, 17 Cal. 2d 639, 644 [111 P.2d 322]; Blethen v. Pacific Mut. L. Ins. Co., 198 Cal. 91, 98 [243 P. 431]; Mahony v. Crocker, 58 Cal. App. 2d 196, 202 [136 P.2d 810]; Mutual Life Ins. Co. v. Franck, 9 Cal. App. 2d 528, 537 [50 P.2d 480]; Hack v. Metz, 173 S.C. 413 [176 S.E. 314, 95 A.L.R. 196]; see 14 Cal.Jur. 583; 29 Am.Jur., Insurance, § 1276, p. 952.) [4] An assignment or release of an expectancy becomes enforceable in equity when the expectancy has developed into a right. (Bennett v. Forrest, 24 Cal. 2d 485, 492 [150 P.2d 416]; Estate of Crane, 6 Cal. 2d 218 [57 P.2d 476, 104 A.L.R. 1101]; Anglo California Nat. Bank v. Kidd, 58 Cal. App. 2d 651, 655 [137 P.2d 460]; Bridge v. Kedon, 163 Cal. 493, 500 [126 P. 149, 43 L.R.A.N.S. 404]; Estate of Edelman, 148 Cal. 233, 238 [82 P. 962, 113 Am.St.Rep. 231]; Estate of Garcelon, 104 Cal. 570, 584 [38 P. 414, 43 Am.St.Rep. 134, 32 L.R.A. 595]; see 17 A.L.R. 597; 44 A.L.R. 1465; 121 A.L.R. 450; 3 Cal.Jur. 251; 9 Cal.Jur. 478; 4 Am.Jur., Assignments, § 51, p. 270.) [5] It is settled, however, that a contract constitutes an equitable assignment or renunciation of an expectancy only if it expressly or by necessary implication so provides. (Estate of Jones, 118 Cal. 499, 502 [50 P. 766, 62 Am.St.Rep. 251] see 4 Pomeroy, Equity Jurisprudence, § 1290.) [6] In interpreting property settlement agreements courts weigh carefully the language of the agreements before concluding that they eliminate rights the disavowal of which is not necessarily connected with the purpose of such agreements. (Estate of McNutt, 36 Cal. App. 2d 542, 549 [98 P.2d 253]; Girard v. Girard, 29 N.M. 189 [221 P. 801, 35 A.L.R. 1493].) This court and other courts have therefore applied to property settlement agreements the rule that general expressions or clauses in such agreements are not to be construed as including an assignment or renunciation of expectancies and that a beneficiary therefore retains his status under an insurance policy or under a will if it does not clearly appear from the agreement that in addition to the segregation of the property of the spouses it was intended to deprive either spouse of the right to take property under a will or an insurance contract of the other. (Sandrosky v. Prudential Ins. Co., 217 Cal. [26 Cal. 2d 177] 578 [20 P.2d 325]; Jenkins v. Jenkins, 112 Cal. App. 402, 407 [297 P. 56]; Estate of Crane, supra, p. 221; Merchants Nat. Bank v. Hubbard, 220 Ala. 372 [125 So. 335]; Equitable Life Assur. Soc. v. Stilley, 271 Ill.App. 283; see Girard v. Girard, 29 N.M. 189 [221 P. 801, 35 A.L.R. 1493]; In re Sword, 120 Misc. 427 [199 N.Y.S. 672] [aff'd, 204 N.Y.S. 952]; In re Brown's Will, 153 Misc. 282 [274 N.Y.S. 924, 931]; In re Griffith's Will, 167 Misc. 366 [3 N.Y.S.2d 925, 927]; Weir v. King, (Tex.Civ.App.) 166 S.W.2d 187; Lindley, Separation Agreements, p. 283.) In Estate of Crane, supra, this court set forth the considerations that commend the rule that expectancies under a will or an insurance policy are regarded as waived only when it appears that the attention of the parties was directed to such expectancies and their intention to disclaim future rights that might develop from such expectancies was made clear in the contract. [7] Since the husband has the power to revoke his will or to change the beneficiary named in an insurance policy his failure to do so ordinarily indicates that he did not wish to effect a change so that in effect his failure to act amounts to a confirmation of the will or the designation of the wife in the insurance policy. Both instruments are to be read as expressing the decedent's intentions at the time of his death. As was said in Estate of Crane, supra, at page 221: "It is to be remembered that although the will in which the legacy is contained had been executed prior to the date of the contract, the testator lived more than two years thereafter. And a will speaks from and as of the date of the testator's death. If the testator had not executed this will until after the date of the property settlement agreement, it would not be reasonable to say that he was without right to make such subsequent will and thereby give additional property to his wife. But in substance and effect he did the same thing by leaving his will unchanged after the date of said contract." Moreover, while a property settlement agreement provides for what the husband is conceding to his wife as a matter of right, frequently he is willing to grant more to her as a matter of bounty, for as recognized in Estate of Crane, supra, at page 221, the affection of spouses for each other may survive separation agreements and divorce proceedings.
[8] The property settlement agreement in the present case provided: "The parties hereto do mutually covenant and agree [26 Cal. 2d 178] that this agreement is intended and shall be construed as, and the same shall be, a complete property settlement between the parties hereto, and that it comprises, settles and discharges all claims arising or existing, or which may hereafter arise by reason of the marriage of the parties hereto, and that second party accepts the provision herein made for her in full satisfaction of her right to support and maintenance." This clause sets forth two conditions of the property settlement agreement: the wife relinquishes her rights in all the property that was or by virtue of the agreement became separate property of the husband, and each spouse discharges all claims then existing or in the future arising as a result of the marital relationship of the parties. Plaintiff bases her claim to the insurance proceeds on a contract made by the husband in her favor while they were married and left in effect by him after the property settlement agreement and the divorce. She makes no claim arising out of the former marital relationship, nor does she assert a right contrary to her general waiver of all rights in the separate property of the husband.
The property settlement agreement setting forth the community property described the insurance policy as one in which the wife was named as beneficiary. As to the property that was to be separate property of the husband, the agreement (designating the husband as first party and the wife as second party) provided: "All funds and property of every nature described or referred to in said Exhibit A, other than the property hereinabove provided to be paid or conveyed to second party, and all property hereinabove referred to as now being the separate property of the first party hereto, together with all property of any nature hereafter possessed or acquired by first party shall be and remain the sole and separate property of said first party, and second party hereby conveys, relinquishes and releases to first party all right, title, interest and claim which she has or might have therein or thereto. Said first party shall have the right to change the beneficiary of the life insurance policy, described in Article VIII of said Exhibit (A), and second party agrees to execute upon request any instrument necessary or convenient to accomplish such change, and second party hereby transfers, releases and relinquishes to first party all interest in and to said policy of insurance and the premiums paid thereunder and the avails thereof." Under this provision the insurance [26 Cal. 2d 179] policy was like any other community property that was to become separate property of the husband. There was no indication that anything else was intended with respect to the policy. The express reference in the agreement to the right of the husband to change the beneficiary indicates that there was no immediate change and that the wife would remain the beneficiary of the policy unless the husband exercised his right to change the beneficiary. It was for the husband to decide whether he wished his wife or someone else to get the proceeds of the policy. If the decedent intended that plaintiff, who was his wife for more than thirty years, should have the insurance proceeds, he would naturally suppose that his intention would be fulfilled if he did not change the beneficiary. It is significant that he lived for several years after the agreement without making such a change. Plaintiff's agreement to execute upon the husband's request any instrument necessary or convenient to change the beneficiary also makes it apparent from the face of the agreement that there was no present renunciation of the wife as beneficiary. Plaintiff's relinquishment of her interest in the "avails" of the policy does not show an intention to give up more than her community rights, which included a share in the proceeds of the policy. The intention of the spouses to exclude from the agreement rights that might accrue to plaintiff at the death of the husband as a result of his bounty is indicated by the provision of the agreement in which plaintiff waived all rights of inheritance in her husband's estate "except in such manner and upon such terms as may be provided in any will and/or codicil thereto of first party in effect at the date of his death." Since the position of a beneficiary named in a life insurance policy as an object of the bounty of the insured is similar to that of a beneficiary of a will (Cook v. Cook, 17 Cal. 2d 639, 646 [111 P.2d 322]), plaintiff no more relinquished the right to take as beneficiary of her husband's insurance policy than she relinquished the right to take as beneficiary of his will. In this respect there is a clear distinction between the present case and Sullivan v. Union Oil Co., 16 Cal. 2d 229 [105 P.2d 922], on which defendants mainly rely. In that case the parties to the property settlement agreed that " 'each hereby waive any and all right to the estate of the other left at his or her death and forever quitclaim any and all right to share in the same of the other, ... and hereby release [26 Cal. 2d 180] and waive all right to inherit under any will of the other ... and from the date of this agreement ... they shall have all the rights of single persons and maintain the same relation of such toward the other'." There was no provision, as in the present case, to indicate that the parties contemplated no present renunciation by the husband of the wife as beneficiary, but left it to him to decide in the future whether or not to change the beneficiary. Moreover, the Sullivan case involved, not a contract with an insurance company, but an "Employees' Provident Fund" maintained by the husband's employer, to which the husband contributed by monthly deductions from his salary. Under the facts of that case all interests of the wife in the fund were regarded as part of her interest in the community property and as such released in favor of the husband.
Gibson, C.J., Shenk, J., Edmonds, J., and Spence, J., concurred.
SCHAUER, J.
I dissent. The majority opinion takes from the estate of decedent and gives to plaintiff property ("avails" of a specifically described life insurance policy) in which the latter has no right, title, or interest. By formal written agreement for a valuable consideration the plaintiff conveyed to the decedent all of her interest in the avails of the policy. The exact language used by the parties is: "second party [plaintiff] hereby transfers, releases and relinquishes to first party [decedent] all interest in and to said policy of insurance and the premiums paid thereunder and the avails thereof." (Italics added.) We cannot give effect to the words "second party hereby transfers ... to first party all interest in and to said policy ... and the avails thereof" and still permit plaintiff to recover. We have no right to give no effect to those words. They are clear and definite in meaning. The word "transfer" means "to convey from one ... person ... to another." (Webster's New Int. Dict. (2d ed.).) The majority opinion does not assert, and the evidence does not suggest, that the decedent ever reconveyed to plaintiff any interest in, to, or under the policy, or its "avails." I think that such majority opinion fails to reckon squarely with the essential problem when it declares that [26 Cal. 2d 181] "Plaintiff's relinquishment of her interest in the 'avails' of the policy does not show an intention to give up more than her community rights, which included a share in the proceeds of the policy." (Italics added.) The instrument effects an out and out conveyance of all interest in the avails of the policy. An actual conveyance is more than a relinquishment.
Neither do I find convincing the argument in the opinion based on the statement that "The intention of the spouses to exclude from the agreement rights that might accrue to plaintiff at the death of the husband as a result of his bounty is indicated by the provision of the agreement in which plaintiff waived all rights of inheritance in her husband's estate 'except in such manner and upon such terms as may be provided in any will and/or codicil thereto of first party in effect at the date of his death'." The foregoing exception is specific and exclusive. It excepts from operation of the relinquishment of plaintiff's rights of inheritance from the decedent only such rights as are encompassed in the language "in such manner and upon such terms as may be provided in any will and/or codicil thereto of first party in effect at the date of his death." It seems almost trite to have to point out that the asserted right claimed in this action by plaintiff is not one which is evidenced or created by "terms ... provided in any will and/or codicil thereto of first party."
It is an established rule of construction that a proviso or exception is used to limit and qualify that which immediately precedes it and to expressly negative a construction or effect that would prevail in the absence of the proviso or exception; that which is specifically excepted from the operation of the general clause would, in the absence of the proviso or exception, have been included within the operation of such general clause. (17 C.J.S. § 343, pp. 796-797 [rule as to contracts]; see, also, People ex. rel. Happell v. Sischo (1943), 23 Cal. 2d 478, 493 [144 P.2d 785, 150 A.L.R. 1431] [rule of statutory construction].) Furthermore, the express enumeration of exceptions indicates the exclusion of any other exceptions. (17 C.J.S. § 343, p. 797 [rule as to contracts]; see, also, Belloc v. Rogers (1858), 9 Cal. 123, 128; Tynan v. Walker (1869), 35 Cal. 634, 639 [95 Am.Dec. 152]; Rothschild v. Superior Court (1930), 109 Cal. App. 345, 348 [293 P. 106]; C.I.T. Corp. v. Biltmore Garage (1934), 3 Cal. App. 2d Supp. 757, 761 [36 P.2d 247]; In re De Neef (1941), 42 Cal.App. [26 Cal. 2d 182] 2d 691, 694 [109 P.2d 741] [rule of statutory construction].) There is no presumption in favor of plaintiff. She had sued Mr. Grimm, the decedent, for divorce. She contracted with him freely, upon an equal footing.
The declaration in the opinion that "Since the position of a beneficiary named in a life insurance policy as an object of the bounty of the insured is similar to that of a beneficiary of a will [citation] plaintiff no more relinquished the right to take as a beneficiary of her husband's insurance policy than she relinquished the right to take as beneficiary of his will" seems to me to be a non sequitur. The exception clause expressly reserves to plaintiff the right to take as beneficiary under a will or codicil thereto but it does not reserve or create the right to succeed otherwise to avails of the insurance policy, which policy and the "avails thereof" plaintiff had conveyed to decedent for a valuable consideration.
The transfer in writing to decedent of all of plaintiff's interest in and to the policy and its "avails" immediately divested plaintiff of all her interests in and to such policy and its "avails" and vested all of such interest in decedent as his separate property. There was no necessity for him to change the policy-designated beneficiary; he owned and there was vested in him all of such beneficiary's interest. She could thereafter acquire no interest in or right to the policy proceeds except by affirmative and competent action of the decedent to that end. He could have made a will or codicil bequeathing such avails to plaintiff but he did not do so. He chose to keep such policy and its avails for himself and his estate. His estate is now entitled to have them free of any claim of plaintiff, for which she has long since received fair compensation and of which she divested herself by voluntary action.
The provision in the agreement by which plaintiff bound herself to execute upon Mr. Grimm's request any instrument necessary or convenient to change the beneficiary does not, in my view, make it apparent, as asserted in the opinion, "that there was no present renunciation of the wife as beneficiary" in any material sense. Since Mr. Grimm had bought, paid for, and received a conveyance of plaintiff's entire interest there is apparent no essential reason why he should have desired or thought that he needed to have the policy itself amended to show a change in the designated beneficiary until and [26 Cal. 2d 183] unless he wanted to name some third person as beneficiary. To accomplish that end he might well have needed plaintiff's execution of a proper document and, therefore, an appropriate covenant to that end was included in the agreement, but in so far as Mr. Grimm's rights against the plaintiff were concerned, if he wanted the avails of the policy to go to his estate, he already, in the agreement, had everything which he could reasonably anticipate would be needed.
Lastly, I find no substantial ground for distinguishing this case from our opinion in Sullivan v. Union Oil Co. (1940) 16 Cal. 2d 229, 233 [105 P.2d 922]. The agreement in that case provided that "each [husband and wife] hereby waive any and all right to the estate of the other left at his or her death and forever quitclaim any and all right to share in the same of the other, ... and hereby release and waive all right to inherit under any will of the other ... and from the date of this agreement ... they shall have all the rights of single persons and maintain the same relation of such toward the other." The agreement in the case now before us seems more certain and efficacious to the end in question than does that involved in the Sullivan case. In addition to the language of conveyance and relinquishment hereinabove quoted the agreement we are construing provides that "All funds and property of every nature described or referred to in said Exhibit A [with certain immaterial exceptions but specifically including the mooted policy] ... together with all property of any nature hereafter possessed or acquired by first party [the decedent] shall be and remain the sole and separate property of said first party, and second party [plaintiff] hereby transfers, conveys, relinquishes and releases to first party all right, title, interest and claim which she has or might have therein or thereto." (Italics added.) Here the plaintiff not only released and relinquished all claims arising out of the marital status but she expressly conveyed to the decedent all of her interest in and claim to the precise property in controversy. Such conveyance, instead of indicating as asserted in the opinion "that the parties contemplated no present renunciation by the husband of the wife as beneficiary," in any material sense, conclusively establishes that the wife thereupon completely divested herself of all interest under the policy, specifically including the "avails thereof" and any claim which she "might have therein or thereto." In other words [26 Cal. 2d 184] she expressly conveyed to Mr. Grimm all of her interest as beneficiary and agreed that it should "remain" his "sole and separate property." Certainly, he could have reconveyed it to her, but he never did so.
As previously shown, there was no occasion or reason for Mr. Grimm, the former husband, to change the name of the beneficiary shown in the policy unless and until he wanted to designate a third person to that status. Since he apparently wished only to have the proceeds go to his own estate he rested upon the conveyance from plaintiff which, at least so far as appears, was never questioned during his lifetime and the due execution and fairness of which are not now questioned. We should not now, after his death, enable plaintiff to gratuitously take from his estate that which was his.
The judgment should be reversed.
Carter, J., concurred.
of Supreme Court of California opinions.
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THIS IS AMERICA - Boston and the Democratic National Convention - 2004-07-25
Broadcast: July 26, 2004
VOICE ONE:
Welcome to THIS IS AMERICA in VOA Special English. I’m Gwen Outen.
VOICE TWO:
And I’m Steve Ember. We take you to Boston where the Democratic National Convention opens today.
More than four thousand delegates are in Boston for the Democratic convention. Thousands of other visitors are there to report on the events or just to watch.
The convention will end Thursday night after Senator John Kerry of Massachusetts accepts the nomination for president. On Wednesday night, Senator John Edwards of North Carolina is to accept the nomination for vice president. Other speakers this week will include former presidents Bill Clinton and Jimmy Carter and former vice president Al Gore.
Boston is under heavy security against terrorist attacks during the Democratic convention.
Republicans will meet in New York next month. They will officially nominate President Bush and Vice President Dick Cheney for the general election in November.
The national conventions are held in a different city every four years. They are a chance for the parties to show support for their candidates. But political experts say these events are less important than they once were. Candidates are now chosen through state nominating elections.
In fact, the major television broadcasters do not show much of the conventions live anymore. They leave that to the news networks on cable television.
For Boston, this is the city's first national convention of either major party.
Boston seems a natural choice for a political convention. The city played an important part in the birth of the United States. And politics are an important part of Boston life.
Boston is the state capital of Massachusetts and the largest city. More than three million people live in the greater Boston area. About five-hundred-ninety-thousand of them live in the city itself.
Boston is a center of finance, education and music. And it is a major seaport. The city and nearby communities form the largest industrial center in the New England area of the Northeastern United States. Boston occupies about one-hundred-thirty-five square kilometers along the Atlantic coast.
Boston is one of the oldest cities in the United States. There are still narrow streets laid with red brick. But Boston is also modern. Major building and improvement projects in the nineteen-sixties and seventies gave the city some of its more current look.
Boston has a number of neighborhoods that seem like cities in themselves. Some are Back Bay, North End, South Boston and Roxbury.
American schoolchildren learn that Boston is the birthplace of the nation’s freedom. This is where the war that separated the American colonies from Britain began in seventeen-seventy-five.
Today, lots of people put on their best walking shoes and follow the Freedom Trail in Boston. This trail is almost five kilometers long. It takes people to sixteen historical places. One of these is the Old North Church. A sign tells how lights placed at the top of the church warned American colonists that the British would soon attack.
Also along the walk is the area where the Boston Massacre took place. In seventeen-seventy, British soldiers shot into a crowd and killed five colonists. The anger that followed helped fire the spirit that produced the American Revolution.
From the Boston Freedom Trail you can also see the first public school in the United States. Students first attended Boston Latin School in sixteen-thirty-five.
The Boston area is full of colleges and universities. Harvard, in nearby Cambridge, became the nation’s first college in sixteen-thirty-six. The Massachusetts Institute of Technology also is in Cambridge.
The city of Boston is home to many top medical centers along with Harvard Medical School. The city is also known for its museums and libraries. The Boston Public Library opened in eighteen-fifty-four as the first major free library in the country.
Music lovers have the Boston Symphony. There is also the Boston Pops Orchestra. It performs popular and semi-classical music in the spring and summer.
Downtown Boston contains a mix of tall modern office buildings, old factories and historic landmarks. Eighteen hectares of downtown is the park called Boston Common. Many people like to ride the boats that look like swans on the lake in the Public Gardens there.
In the sixteen-hundreds, women accused of being witches were hanged on Boston Common. The same was true for members of the Quaker religion.
The first people of Massachusetts were the Native Americans. In sixteen-thirty, Christians known as Puritans arrived from England to escape religious oppression. Many Puritans came from the English city of Boston. So that is what they named their new home. Boston is also known as "Bean Town." Beans were an important trade crop for the city in colonial days.
In recent years, the population of Boston has changed. Many Hispanics and Asians have moved to the city. Boston also has a large African American population.
Black people began to move there in large numbers from the Southern states after World War One ended in nineteen-eighteen. Many African Americans and Hispanics live in Roxbury, in the center of the city.
Non-Hispanic whites are no longer a majority in Boston. But leaders of other groups say white Bostonians still control the city.
Many people of Italian ancestry live in North End. This area is along the waterfront. Ships brought large numbers of immigrants to Boston from southern and eastern Europe between eighteen-eighty and nineteen-fourteen. Many Italians arrived to start a new life in America.
The Irish population in Boston began to grow sharply in about eighteen-forty-five. Large numbers of people left Ireland when potato crop failures led to starvation. The traditional center of the Irish-American community in Boston is South Boston. People call it “Southie.”
The children and grandchildren of the first Irish families in Boston became political leaders of the city. These included politicians like John Francis Fitzgerald. He was known as "Honey Fitz." He served two terms as mayor.
One of his grandsons became a senator from Massachusetts. Then, in nineteen-sixty, that grandson was elected the thirty-fifth president of the United States. His name was John Fitzgerald Kennedy.
Another early Irish-American mayor in Boston served four terms in office. His name was James Michael Curley. He and Honey Fitz Fitzgerald strengthened the political power of the Irish.
Today that tradition continues with politicians like Senator Edward Kennedy of Massachusetts. He, too, is a grandson of Honey Fitz Fitzgerald, and a brother of President Kennedy.
The racial and ethnic mixture of people in Boston helps give life to the city. But it has also caused deep divisions over the years.
In nineteen-seventy-four, a federal judge ruled that Boston school officials had illegally separated students by race. The judge ordered the city to transport students to different schools to create a balance between blacks and whites.
Many white parents protested. Some threw rocks at buses that carried black students to white schools.
Busing continues as a way to balance school populations around Boston. But efforts at racial balance failed. Many white families moved their children to private schools. Or they moved out of the city. Today only about fifteen percent of the students in the Boston public schools are white.
A committee has been considering proposals about the future of busing. These include proposals for the first major changes in thirty years, to permit more students to attend schools close to home.
As the capital city in Massachusetts, Boston is at the center of another civil rights issue these days. In May, Massachusetts became the first American state to permit same-sex marriage. Some people compare this to an act of rebellion that is one of the best known events in Boston history.
In seventeen-seventy-three, colonists dressed as Indians threw shiploads of British tea into Boston Harbor. They did it to protest British taxes. American schoolchildren still learn about the event that will be known forever as the Boston Tea Party.
Our program was written by Jerilyn Watson and produced by Caty Weaver. This is Steve Ember.
And this is Gwen Outen. Join us again next week for THIS IS AMERICA in VOA Special English.
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Community ‘3 Stars’ honoured
By Sulz, Dave on February 28, 2020.
Three Lethbridge residents were named stars of the community recently for their above-and-beyond efforts to make our city a better place.
Samantha Parker, Brad Dersche and Tony Sandford were nominated by their peers and selected as winners of the Fountain Tire 3 Stars program, a partnership between Fountain Tire, the Western Hockey League (WHL) and the Ontario Hockey League (OHL), that honours everyday Canadians for their volunteerism, humanitarianism and generosity.
The trio were publicly recognized at the Feb. 15 Lethbridge Hurricanes game.
“We asked Canadians to help us find people whose actions – big or small – make a difference, and the result was an inspiring list of individuals who help our cities thrive,” says Denise Gohl-Eacrett, director, Brand and Customer Experience at Fountain Tire. “It is particularly meaningful for Fountain Tire’s local store owners to be able to give the unsung heroes in their own communities the recognition they deserve.”
In hockey, star players of each game are awarded for their outstanding performance on the ice. The Fountain Tire 3 Stars program provides an opportunity to similarly acknowledge and celebrate members of the community who make an impact. Lethbridge’s three stars of 2020 are:
– Samantha Parker, dedicated volunteer with MyCityCare, a program of Victory Church Lethbridge that supports local community members in need. Samantha offers her time at the MyCityCare facility, by delivering lunches to school children through the Mindful Munchies program, and with the Shop of Wonders, which supports families who are struggling to make ends meet during the holidays.
– Brad Dersche, a long-time advocate for minor hockey. Brad was nominated for his dedication to the sport and to young athletes, going out of his way to ensure they are learning fundamentals of hockey as well as how to carry themselves as hockey players. Even after falling ill last year, Brad could be seen at the rink supporting the boys and girls on the ice.
– Tony Sandford, who, over the past few months, has become an integral member of Bikers Building Bridges, an organization that supports youth at risk in the community. Through it, he has participated in fundraising events, picked up needle debris from local playgrounds and stood up for youth who have been bullied. His nomination read, “Tony is one of the most selfless heroes I have ever met.”
Last fall, members of the public were invited to nominate their community stars at FountainTire3Stars.com. A total of 63 winners were selected from the pool of peer nominations in 21 participating communities* across Canada. Winners will be honoured by local Fountain Tire store owners and their local WHL or OHL team during exclusive game-time presentations throughout January and February.
“Our communities are full of remarkable people who make a meaningful impact every day,” adds WHL Commissioner Ron Robison. “The WHL, alongside our partner Fountain Tire, is proud to bring some of these inspiring stories to light and say thank you for the contributions our fans have made.”
To learn more and review the full list of winners – available at the end of February – visit FountainTire3Stars.com.
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Assault suspect still waiting for psychological assessment
By Shurtz, Delon on June 27, 2020.
A 25-year-old man accused of breaking into a home in May and stabbing a resident while he slept is still waiting to have a psychological assessment, nearly a month after it was ordered.
Judge Gregory Maxwell had ordered the forensic assessment for Josh Lee Goodrider on May 29, but Friday in Lethbridge provincial court Maxwell noted the assessment had not been done, and the Alberta Forensic Psychiatry Centre in Calgary had requested an extension to July 28.
Maxwell adjourned the matter until Tuesday, however, so the accused can retain a lawyer to help him in court. They will also speak to the extension request at that time. The assessment is to determine if Goodrider was, at the time of the alleged offence, suffering from a mental disorder that could exempt him from criminal responsibility.
Goodrider, who remains in custody after being denied bail last month, is charged with assault with a weapon, assault causing bodily harm, being unlawfully in a dwelling, and housebreaking to commit an offence.
Goodrider is accused of randomly entering a home along Highway 5 east of Cardston about 5:30 a.m. May 2 and stabbing a sleeping man in the head and chest. The victim ran to his truck and drove to the end of his driveway, where he stopped and called 911. He was taken to the Cardston Hospital and treated for non-life-threatening injuries.
The Crown requested the forensic assessment based on the accused’s behaviour after he was arrested, and pointed out during an earlier court hearing that Goodrider told police the world was ending and the planets are going to be destroyed. He accused the victim of killing his people, and claimed he was only trying to help because people keep slaughtering each other.
He also claimed he was in the First World War and had been killed many times, that time travel is real, and he was trying to stop ghosts from getting in the victim’s home.
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Sex assault trial adjourned until August
By Shurtz, Delon on July 24, 2020.
A 33-year-old Lethbridge man facing more than a dozen charges relating to sexual assaults against several women made a brief appearance Thursday in Lethbridge provincial court.
Sohil Bindra appeared by closed-circuit TV from the Lethbridge Correctional Centre, but his matters were simply adjourned until next month to allow his lawyer time to review additional disclosure just received from the Crown’s office. That disclosure comprises some 5,000 pages and will require more time to review, Calgary lawyer David Chow told court.
Police reported in March that an 18-year-old woman was sexually assaulted after attending a bar with a friend on Feb. 7. During the evening the pair met a man, and when the 18-year-old suddenly became unwell, he offered to drive the two friends to their homes. After taking the 18-year-old inside, the man left the residence.
He returned a short time later, however, entered the home and sexually assaulted the woman, police said. She was taken to Chinook Regional Hospital for treatment and released later in the day.
Police searched a suspect’s home and recovered evidence related to the offence, including the victim’s cellphone.
Bindra initially faced a single charge of housebreaking and two counts of sexual assault in relation to one woman, and had been released on bail. However, more charges were added later after five more women came forward and said they had also been sexually assaulted. One of the alleged assaults goes back to July 2017. The accused was taken into custody in March when he attended a court hearing and bail was subsequently denied.
Bindra pleaded not guilty March 12 to 14 charges, which comprise housebreaking and commit sexual assault, sexual assault, administering a noxious substance, drug possession and choking with intent to commit an indictable offence. He also faces an additional charge of failing to comply with release conditions.
His next court hearing is scheduled for Aug. 10.
nattone
I don’t believe this court date today that was adjourned was a
An actual trial date
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Musical Ride soldiers on
By Woodard, Dale on August 12, 2020.
Riders and horses go through their routines at the NWMP Musical Ride Saturday morning at the Fort Museum. The shows run today through the final shows Sunday at 10 a.m., 11:30 a.m. and 2 p.m. daily, weather permitting. Herald photo by Dale Woodard
Dale Woodard
Lethbridge Herald -FORT MACLEOD
sports@lethbridgeherald.com
Even in difficult times, the NWMP Musical Ride still sits tall the saddle.
The historic ride at the Fort Museum in Fort Macleod has gone through some alterations to deal with COVID-19 protocols, but the ride, established in 1972 to pay tribute to the earliest days of the North West Mounted Police, has continued to entertain visitors and will do so until Sunday.
But amid social-distancing requirements in dealing with the pandemic, Fort Museum executive director Sandi Davis said the NWMP Musical Ride had to make a few changes for riders and horses.
“We started off a little bit rocky,” she said. “The Musical Ride is an historical depiction of how the RCMP Musical Ride started. It’s very much a military-style with a very tight formation and tight lines. We had to look at that and say ‘OK, how can we do this social distancing and pandemic-style?’ It was quite a bit of a challenge to think of a new spin on an old performance. I was very lucky that I had mostly returning staff. I had to hire a couple of new staff members this year, so it was very fortunate that they already had quite extensive training and they were able to adapt to the new social distancing requirements.
“So that was good, but then I have to remind them to not be so close together and to spread out more. It was the complete opposite of what we would usually do in training, where we would get tighter.”
Due to the pandemic, the Fort Museum had to cancel its “Groom A Horse” program. As well, the public is not allowed into the stables for a closer look at the horses and riders.
From the spectators’ view, the expansive seating next to the arena where the performers ride allows for safe, distanced viewing.
“The Fort is a nice, big facility, so we have quite a big gallery and compound and in the arena there are four different bleachers that are available for people,” said Davis. “I think most people have been very respectful, but if somebody sat down they would go and sit a little bit farther away.”
Davis said the Fort Museum has staff to enforce social distancing between the spectators, but thus far it hasn’t been necessary with visitors respectful of the guidelines.
“We have had very eager, happy visitors and returning guests and they are respectful that we want to keep the museum open and make sure they know what the guidelines are. We have been very lucky that way.”
The pandemic shutting down international borders resulted in a steep drop of foreign visitors the Fort Museum typically sees in past summers.
On the flipside, locals having stay-cations have made the Fort Museum a summer stop, some returning after some time away.
“It has been really nice to see and hear people say ‘Do you know what? It has been 10 or 20 or even 40 years since I’ve been here and I’m glad to be back.'” said Davis. “We will see some of our B.C. neighbours and a few Saskatchewan neighbours, but a lot of Albertans are supporting Alberta businesses and attractions. So that has been very nice and encouraging to see that we’re all supporting one another. When they come in they are all wonderful and respectful. They use the hand sanitizers and a lot of our visitors have their own masks, which we are not requiring, but it’s nice to see people are taking that initiative on their own to be accountable to their own experience.”
The NWMP Musical Ride will be the last program run by the Fort Museum this summer.
Davis said the museum received the Canada Summer Jobs Grant for eight weeks.
“So about half of my staff will be leaving soon, so we will be downsizing a little bit,” she said. “We will still have the museum open and have a documentary film that we play, but the Musical Ride will be done on Aug. 16. We usually go right until the very end of August, but unfortunately this year I can’t keep my staff that long. So we will still have a few riders available and they will be out exercising and keeping the horses from getting their winter weight too early. So there will still be some horses around and things going on, but we will not have any formal programming or anything like that.”
The Fort Museum NWMP Musical Ride runs Wednesday to Sunday with shows at 10 a.m., 11:30 a.m. and 2 p.m., weather permitting.
The museum is open 9:30 a.m. to 4:30 p.m. Wednesday through Sunday and closed Monday and Tuesday.
For more information visit http://www.nwmpmuseum.com.
Follow @DWoodardHerald on Twitter
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January 4, 2021 January 5, 2021 / ferryfarmandkenmore
Christmas in the 18th century was celebrated quite differently than it is today. Unlike today, one of the most important (and wildest) celebrations of the season took place on January 6th, or Epiphany. Also known as Twelfth Night, this holiday is more comparable to our present-day New Year’s celebrations in style and entertainment. Our stereotypical views of a supposedly refined time period perhaps conjure up images of classy champagne toasts and highly intellectual conversations. However, much like the Christmas season itself, 18th century parties and dinners any time of the year were actually quite different from that stereotype.
On September 14, 1787 George Washington wrote in his journal:
“Friday 14th. Attended Convention. Dined at the City Tavern, at an entertainmt. given on my acct. by the City light Horse. Spent the evening at Mr. Meridiths.”
It appears he enjoyed a simple enough dinner at City Tavern in Philadelphia after a day of Constitutional planning, right? Washington was famous; certainly everywhere he went, people provided “an entertainment” in his honor. As you look more into this event, you find that Washington’s simple diary entries may not always reveal the whole story of what happened.
City Tavern as it appeared about 1800 from an engraving by William Birch. This print dates from 1850. Credit: New York Public Library.
In this entry, he notes the City Light Horse honoring him at the tavern. The Light Horse of the City of Philadelphia was founded in 1774. They fought with General Washington throughout the war, including at the battles of Trenton, Princeton, and Brandywine. They were part of the icy-cold crossing of the Delaware and the snow-covered winter at Valley Forge. In fact, although operating under a new name, the First Troop Philadelphia City Cavalry remains intact today as a private military organization whose members all must serve in the Pennsylvania National Guard. Due to its close relationship with George Washington, the troop jumped at the chance to show him its appreciation at the tavern as the Constitutional Convention drew to a close. According to Dr. Gordon Lloyd, the Robert and Katheryn Dockson Professor of Public Policy at Pepperdine University, the bar tab sent to the City Light Horse remains in the First Troop, Philadelphia City Cavalry Archives. Here is the transcription of the bill:
Courtesy of Dr. Gordon Lloyd, the Robert and Katheryn Dockson Professor of Public Policy at Pepperdine University.
As you can see, the total comes to 89 pounds, 4 shillings, and 2 pence. According to the Bank of England, given inflation and changes over time, today this would be approximately £14,083 or around $18,471.
While that sticker price is shocking enough, as we inspect the bill a little more, we notice what all was purchased for the gathering. There are four separate categories on the bill. The bottom section is the fee for the musicians to play. The next section up lists 16 bottles of claret, 5 bottles of madeira, and 7 bowls of punch drunk by the 16 servants and musicians. Next, comes a line for items broken at the gathering.
Finally, the top section of the bill deals with 55 guests, all men, who were the main party at City Tavern. The men ordered dinner and several different beverages. First, fifty-four bottles of madeira, probably Washington’s drink of choice. Throughout his life, Washington was said to favor this type of fortified wine from the Madeira islands, an archipelago off the coast of Portugal and a frequent stop for merchant ships travelling between Europe and America in the 18th century. Many prominent families in America took a liking to the wine, as it was relatively easy to obtain. According to records at Mount Vernon, Washington ordered Madeira by the pipe, a large, elongated barrel that held about 126 gallons of wine. Often, he ordered multiple pipes at a time. Today, you can still purchase Madeira wine, but be cautious as it runs 18-20 percent alcohol by volume. Similar to its brother, Port, Madeira is often used in cooking and is a staple of French cuisine today.
Next, the sixty bottles of Claret were a French-style wine also popular in America in the 18th century. While Madeira came in both sweet and dry varieties, Claret was typically a dry, dark red. Claret is not a fortified wine like Madeira, meaning it is lighter and only around 13-15 percent alcohol by volume.
The list notes that the gentlemen also consumed eight bottles of “Old Stock”, a term used for whiskey at the time. Perhaps throughout his time as General and President, nights like September 14, 1787 convinced Washington to create his own whiskey distillery later in life. By 1799, the distillery at Mount Vernon was one of the most profitable in the country. During the colonial era, it was not customary to age whiskey. The spirits produced at Mount Vernon, as well as, that served at City Tavern were practically straight from the still.
Whiskey mash in the reconstructed distillery at Mount Vernon. Credit: Elizabeth Hosier.
The porter, cider, and beer listed on the bill are all similar to the alcohols we call porter, cider, and beer today. Porter was a very popular style of beer in both England and America. In fact, the style was so popular, Washington had his own recipe for it to be produced at Mount Vernon.
Lastly, the list claims the gentlemen also went through seven large bowls of punch. Punch recipes varied from tavern to tavern and from house to house in colonial days, but they were typically rum or whiskey-based and often contained more than one type of alcohol. You can read much more about punch and how it was served here and about Mary Washington’s punch bowl here.
With all this drink flowing, we might conclude this was quite a raucous party, but these were rather typical evenings for the people of the 18th century. Keep in mind that water was not always drinkable due to bacteria, they didn’t always have access to fruit to make fresh juice, and certainly soda wasn’t around yet! They were left with few options: tea, coffee, or booze.
Washington returned to the Convention and by the end of the day after the party, the delegates had finished. Copies of the document were ordered, and just two days later, they signed the Constitution of the United States on Monday, September 17, 1787. Washington stated in his journal:
“The business being thus closed, the Members adjourned to the City Tavern, dined together and took a cordial leave of each other.”
What happened that night at City Tavern? Unfortunately, no bill from this night survives to give us any clarification, but Washington provides a hint of just how much steam the delegates needed to blow off. The entry in his journal continued that he returned to his lodgings and:
“retired to meditate on the momentous wk. which had been executed, after not less than five, for a large part of the time Six, and sometimes 7 hours sitting every day, sundays & the ten days adjournment to give a Comee. opportunity & time to arrange the business for more than four Months.”
Momentous work, indeed.
Elizabeth Hosier
Manager of Interpretation and Visitor Services
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Home / Rugby / Mood is glum in the wake of the Leinster defeat
Mood is glum in the wake of the Leinster defeat
(Keith gives fans thumbs up in Thomond Park)
I WALKED into town last Sunday with the bulk of the red army after their side’s disappointing performance against the ‘ould enemy’. The mood was glum and the journey from Thomond Park to the city centre not helped by the burden of defeat.
The general consensus is that the southern province is not producing sufficient quality players through the academy, the clubs and the schools to maintain the high expectations that have been built up since 1999/2000. The argument that the loss of Paul O’Connell and Felix Jones as well as the string of injuries to key players are the main causes for this dramatic change in fortune no longer cuts the mustard with many genuine Munster fans. To successfully compete at this high level of rugby, where physicality is the name of the game, you have to be prepared for all eventualities. You cannot just ‘hope for the best’ and when you face into a season where there is not adequate cover for key areas of the playing field, trouble is already knocking on your door.
Take a quick rewind to Munster’s European successes of 2006 and 2008. Thirteen of the side that started against Biarritz in the Heineken Cup final of 2006 had come through the ranks of Munster club rugby: Anthony Horgan, John Kelly, Ronan O’Gara, Peter Stringer, Donnacha O’Callaghan, Denis Leamy, Ian Dowling, Marcus Horan, Jerry Flannery, John Hayes, Paul O’Connell, Anthony Foley and David Wallace. Of the three replacements that day, two more came through the club ranks, Mick O’Driscoll and Alan.Quinlan.
In the win of 2008 against Toulouse, 12 of the starters came similarly through the club ranks, Denis Hurley at full-back and Tomas O’Leary at scrum-half joining Dowling, O’Gara, O’Leary, Horan, Flannery, Hayes, O’Callaghan, O’Connell, Quinlan, Leamy and Wallace from the 2006 victory. Tony Buckley and Mick O’Driscoll carried the club colours as replacements.
The lesson learned from these two fantastic victories is that there is no quick fix when it comes to building a successful rugby team.. All the fore-mentioned players soldiered long and hard for many seasons with their clubs before they got the opportunity to combine their efforts in the cause of the red jersey of Munster. Having a common bond proved to be the key and that is where the problem is at present.
The ‘buy-in’ stars of 2006 and 2008 were high quality: Shaun Payne was consistently magnificent at full-back and his fellow South African, centre Trevor Halstead certainly one of the best imports since John Langford in season 1999/2000. For the 2008 triumph, Munster had splashed the cash with the shrewd signings of Dougie Howlett, Riu Tipoki and Lifefi Mafi. Head coach, Declan Kidney had identified the weaknesses of his side and filled them with quality.
In any top sport now, money dictates but it is not always a guarantee of success. It is going to take Munster at least two seasons for the current crop of players to reach anything close to the achievements of those who have handed on the legacy. The last five defeats on the trot, and the two tough away fixtures beckoning, provide a difficult situation for Anthony Foley and his coaching staff. This week-end he faces another big challenge and before he could even get his head around plans for the visit to Ulster on Saturday, he was handed an injury list that was far from encouraging.
Munster have got out of tight corners in the past but the priority now is to stay in a high position in the Pro 12 and stop the rot with a win in Kingspan Stadium in Belfast. Victory there would be a major boost. Defeat would make the visit to Paris the following week-end a lot more daunting. Robin Copeland and Dave O’Callaghan signed two year contracts with Munster today, which is encouraging, while Rory Scannell was rewarded for his performances by being promoted from the Academy to a development contract and a possible full contract in 2017/18.
Latest NewsMunster need win in Belfast to revive spirits
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‘Judge Judy’ Will End With 25th Season
Despite the objections of fans everywhere (Get it? I love legal humor), Judge Judy is coming to an end.
Variety reports that Judge Judy Sheindlin, the cantankerous host of the eponymous judge show, will announce that her series will end with its upcoming 25th season on today’s episode of Ellen.
‘I’ve had a 25-year-long marriage with CBS, and it’s been successful,’ Sheindlin told DeGeneres. ‘Next year will be our 25th season, silver anniversary, and CBS, I think, sort of felt, they wanted to optimally utilize the repeats of my program, because now they have 25 years of reruns. So what they decided to do was to sell a couple of years’ worth of reruns.’
The former Manhattan family court judge began her show business career in 1996, not long after Judge Joseph Wapner left the popular The People’s Court series. Sheindlin lobbied for the gig, and while she didn’t get it, she did get enough attention to set her on the path to getting her own TV series. On Judge Judy she stood out from the rest of the judge shows on television with her brash personality and fiery temper. Here are just a few of her more memorable moments.
With 25 years of reruns available, it sounds like you won’t have to look far for Judge Judy episodes if you want them. They just won’t be knew. And don’t feel too bad for Judge Judy; her most recent contract was paying her $47 million a year. So she’ll be ok.
Gallery — VHS Tapes That Are Still Extremely Valuable:
Source: ‘Judge Judy’ Will End With 25th Season
Categories: Television
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Childrens Authors, Fantasy Authors, Fiction Authors,
Autobiography Authors
Award Winning Authors
The 50 franc note used in France between 1993 and 2002 bears a portrait of Antoine de Saint-Exupéry and illustrations from his children's book The Little Prince.
Antoine Marie Jean-Baptiste Roger, comte de Saint-Exupery (June 29, 1900 - July 31, 1944) was a French aviator and award-winning author from an aristocratic family. His works include novels, short stories and articles for newspapers and magazines. He is best known today as the author of the 1943 children's novella The Little Prince.
Antoine de Saint-Exupéry was born in the French city of Lyon on June 25, 1900. He was the third of five children and the oldest son of Viscountess Marie de Fonscolombe and Viscount Jean de Saint-Exupéry. Jean de Saint-Exupéry died when his son Antoine was only three years old. Antoine's younger brother François died at the age of fifteen.
In 1921, Antoine de Saint-Exupéry joined the army. While he was a soldier, Saint-Exupéry also began taking private flying lessons.
Antoine de Saint-Exupéry in Canada in 1942.
In 1926, Saint-Exupéry began working as a professional pilot. Before the Second World War, he worked as a commercial pilot on air mail routes in Europe, Africa and South America. He joined the French Air Force at the beginning of the war. After France surrendered to Nazi Germany in 1940, Saint-Exupéry traveled to the United States, hoping to persuade its government to enter the war on the side of the Allies. He spent more than two years in North America, during which time he wrote most of his major works.
In 1943, Saint-Exupéry traveled to Algeria and joined the Free French Air Force, although he was officially eight years too old to join at the time. On July 31, 1944 he disappeared over the Mediterranean Sea during a reconnaissance mission. He is believed to have died at that time. His identity bracelet was discovered on September 7, 1998 in the Mediterranean Sea near the uninhabited Island of Riou some 13 miles (21 kilometers) south-east of the city of Marseilles, France.. On May 23, 2000, debris from a P-38 Lightning aircraft was found at the bottom of the sea near the Island of Riou. On April 7, 2004, the debris was officially confirmed as being from Antoine de Saint-Exupéry's plane.
Saint-Exupéry is now best known internationally for the children's book that he wrote and illustrated Le Petit Prince (The Little Prince), which has been translated into two hundred and fifty languages and dialects.
Although not strictly autobiographical, most of Saint-Exupéry's writings drew on his experiences as a pilot. His writings earned him several French literary awards. He received the U.S. National Book Award for his 1939 memoir Terre des hommes (Wind Sand and Stars).
Front cover of a 1939 edition of Terre des hommes (Wind, Sand and Stars.
"The Aviator" (L'Aviateur, short story, 1926)
Southern Mail (Courier sud, 1929)
Night Flight (Vol de nuit, 1931)[1]
Wind, Sand and Stars (Terre des hommes, 1939)[2]
Flight to Arras (Pilote de guerre, 1942)[3]
The Little Prince (Le Petit Prince, 1943)
The Wisdom of the Sands (Citadelle, published posthumously in 1948)
Lettres à une jeune fille (published posthumously in 1950, not yet translated into English)[4]
Lettres à l'amie inventée (published posthumously in 1953, not yet translated into English)[5]
Lettres de jeunesse 1921-1931 (published posthumously in 1953, not yet translated into English)[6]
Carnets (published posthumously in 1953, not yet translated into English)[7]
Lettres à sa mère (published posthumously in 1953, not yet translated into English)[8]
A Sense of Life (Un sens à la vie, short story anthology, published posthumously in 1956)
Lettres de Antoine de Saint-Exupéry (published posthumously in 1960, not yet translated into English)[9]
Lettres aux américaines (published posthumously in 1960, not yet translated into English)[10]
Wartime Writings (Écrits de guerre 1939-1944, published posthumously in 1982)
Manon danseuse (published posthumously in 2007, not yet translated into English)[11]
Lettres à l'inconnue (published posthumously in 2008, not yet translated into English)[12]
During the 1930s, while he was working as a commercial pilot, Antoine de Saint-Exupéry also worked as a reporter for the French newspaper Paris-Soir and the French news magazine Marianne. He reported on French Indochina and the Far East in 1934, on the Soviet Union in 1935 and on the Spanish Civil War in 1936 and 1937. Articles by Saint-Exupéry continued to appear in French-language newspapers and magazines throughout his life. During his time in North America, writings by Saint-Exupéry also appeared in American publications such as Harper's Bazaar and The New York Times Magazine.
↑ Winner of the 1931 Prix Femina.
↑ Winner of the 1939 Grand Prix du roman de l'Académie française and the 1939 National Book Award of the United States.
↑ Winner of the 1942 Grand Prix Littéraire de l'Aéro Club de France.
↑ The French title means "Letters to a a young girl"
↑ The French title means Letters to an imaginary female friend"
↑ The French title means "Letters written while young 1921 to 1931".
↑ The French title means "Notebooks".
↑ The French title means "Letters to his mother".
↑ The French title means "Saint-Exupéry's letters".
↑ The French title means "Letters to the Americans".
↑ The French title means "Manon the dancing woman".
↑ The French title means "Letters to the unknown woman".
Official website (in French).
Quotations from Antoine de Saint-Exupéry in French and English on Wikiquote.
Retrieved from "https://literature.fandom.com/wiki/Antoine_de_Saint-Exupéry?oldid=27669"
Childrens Authors
Fiction Authors
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