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__label__wiki	0.58241	0.58241	The American Primrose Society > About Us > First Steps by Florence Bellis (originally printed in the Quarterly Summer 1976 issue) Some years ago I traced the first steps of the garden club movement in this country. Etched on my memory as clearly as writing on glass are the first steps taken by the American Primrose Society. Somehow I feel that this is the time and the place to share it. Maryland took the first step in 1860 by organizing the Horticultural Garden Club but stumbled when war was declared a year later. The Civil War could also have some bearing on the founding of the Ladies’ Garden Club in Athens, Georgia in 1891. But perhaps it is just my fancy as a southern-born that the memory of Sherman’s march from Atlanta to Savannah had something to do with this invitation: “Every lady who might be interested in growing anything from a cabbage to a chrysanthemum is welcome.” Still, only twenty-seven years had passed since Sherman’s 60,000 men had cut a sixty-mile-wide swath some three hundred miles to the sea. In those twenty-five days, they burned everything they could not eat. I am quite sure that many of the ladies who gathered in Mrs. Lumpkin’s ante-bellum drawing room that chilly January day remembered it very well. General Sherman died two months after the ladies organized. Should anyone be interested, I have the names of the “twelve home-loving women” who attended that first meeting. They did not know that they planted a tree that day which would grow on and on, never stopping. That it would branch and flower over north and south alike, bearing sweet fruit for anyone who wished to pick it. In the 90’s and on past the first World War, most men found little pleasure in the garden. Then Leo W. Nack initiated the first Men’s Garden Club in Chicago in 1927-some have it 1928. His widow wrote me of his earth-love and how he had won first prize and $1,000. in a contest sponsored by a Chicago newspaper. His garden measured 45 x 60 feet. Two years later Jay N. Darling (Ding Darling the famous cartoonist) organized the second club in Des Moines. The third and fourth clubs were set up the same year in Fort Wayne and in Aurora, not far from Chicago. The men held their first national convention in Chicago, September 26, 1932, banding the clubs together into the Men’s Garden Clubs of America. Nine years later a small group of gardeners with a mounting primrose enthusiasm came together in Portland and formed the American Primrose Society. Primroses were still new to this country, then. I can think of only a handful who grew them in the 1920’s – Lou Roberts, Audra Link and the garden columinst, Carl Maskey, all of Milwaukie just out of Portland; Rae Berry in Portland and possibly, Henry Wessinger. Dean Collins was drama editor of the old News-Telegram in Portland at this time and I managed the Toy Theatre Players of Portland. We met by way of the reviews. In 1936, circumstances moved me to a shell of a barn on Johnson Creek in Gresham, ten miles east of Portland, which became Barnhaven. Mr. and Mrs. Collins were frequent visitors and one day he persuaded me, much against my will, to do a series of twelve primrose articles for his garden page in the Oregon Journal. They caught on and he conceived the idea of a society dedicated to primroses – one flower societies being much in vogue at the time. On the strength of “The Journal” articles, the Board of Directors asked me in 1943 to take on the job of editing the Quarterly. I cannot tell you the depth of my despair. The barn was still a barn, the business was growing as was my small daughter, I had no background material, and the APS files had attracted but two short articles from New Jersey in the two years since inception. Among Mrs. Roberts’ British seed catalogs, much loved, thumbed and penciled, were some Royal Horticultural Society Journals which reported on primroses exhibited in their Spring Shows in London and on the Primula Conferences. The Portland Public Library yielded the information that two complete sets of the RHS Journals existed in the United States. One was in the Oregon State University library only ninety miles away. The OSU library’s kindness to me will always remain a shining thing. The staff provided me with a typewriter and desk in the stack room housing, all the RHS Journals dating from early Victorian years, the French Horticole volumes, and those of the Horticole Belique. For ten days I copied primrose history. Not a scrap escaped. Yet after nine years of editing the Quarterly, I had used but a fraction of the material. Before me are those first three mimeographed Quarterlies, No. 1, 2 and 3 of Volume 1. Thirty-three years disappear and I am again walking around and round the round table in Lou Roberts’ dining room table picking up the freshly mimeographed sheets in sequence, she folding them on the kitchen table into booklets. After the mimeographed issues had been reissued in print and Volume II was on its way, the Quarterly could have become a monthly publication had the Board of Directors accepted Mr. Collins’ offer to have “The Journal” take over its publication. But in my circumstances I could not edit a monthly. So the Society kept its national identity – young and dreamful though it was – the Quarterly continued to be published in Gresham, and Mrs. Roberts’ daughter, Margaret Pearson, had drawn the first APS emblem and the little article-stops I called dickies. For the very personal parts of this piece I beg understanding but I could think of no other way to accurately record our first steps. Reading Mrs. Balla’s report of the Eastern Chapter’s Second Annual Meeting and Show held last year in Acworth, New Hampshire was a genuine pleasure. We are hoping that you all will, indeed, share your whole-hearted primrose enthusiasm and your experiences in notes and articles for the enjoyment of the entire membership. A fitting thing, for was it not Mrs. Ernest L. Scott and Mr. T.A. Weston, both of New Jersey, who wrote the first two articles for the American Primrose Society?	cc/2019-30/en_head_0043.json.gz/line2145
__label__wiki	0.710928	0.710928	President's Night 2018 Amesbury Rotary Club Paul Harris Fellows Presidents Night What a wonderful President's Night Event we had last night at Ristorante Molise! We thank our outgoing President Dianne Webster for her year of service and welcome our new President Thomas Farrell! We also recognized 5 Paul Harris Fellows. Congratulations to: Timothy J. Cameron Cheryl Keim Matt Sherrill Sandford K. (Sandy) Carlisle Thank you to everyone who attended and for everyone who supports the work of the club in Amesbury and beyond. What is a Paul Harris Fellow Recognition? This evening our club is also recognizing new Paul Harris Fellows. The recipients named as Paul Harris Fellows are individuals that we believe embody the ideals of Rotary; they live our motto “Service Above Self” every day in their lives and careers. By naming them a Paul Harris Fellow we are saying, thank you for all they do. We recognize your energy and effort to make a difference in Amesbury and our community. Thank you again. The idea of recognizing a Rotarian and/or community member who had a $1,000 contributed in their name or who had personally contributed $1,000 occurred in 1957. That year two Rotarians were recognized as Paul Harris Fellows. Allison G. Brush was a member of the Rotary Club of Laurel, Mississippi and was named a Paul Harris Fellow; he served as an RI Director from 1937-38. Rufus Chapin, also known as “Rough-House,” one of Paul Harris’ closest friends was also recognized in 1957. Chapin joined the Rotary Club of Chicago in 1905 when the club was just a few months old. He was a banker, who had a great sense of humor. He gave of his time and talents for many years without hesitation. In fact, he served treasurer for 33 years. Some things never change in Rotary! He died in 1947, so his Paul Harris Fellow recognition was given to him posthumously. It took many years for the idea of a Paul Harris Fellow recognition to catch on. In 2006, The Rotary Foundation recognized 34 donors, one from each Rotary zone around the world, as the one millionth Paul Harris Fellow. With each additional contribution of $1,000.00 a member can become a Paul Harris +1, +2 and so on, all the way until they reach PHF +8. Once a person personally contributes $10,000 they achieve Major Donor status. Members of the Amesbury Rotary Club have the opportunity to name fellow Rotarians, friends of Rotary, community members and/or family members as Paul Harris Fellows. Tonight, those named will join the ranks of over 100 men and women that have been named Paul Harris Fellows by the Amesbury Club and millions who have received this recognition around the world. However, we need to keep one thing in mind, a Paul Harris Fellow recognition IS NOT just about the money, the certificates, the pins, or the banners; it’s about providing clean water to a village in Kenya, it’s about the children that will learn to read and write in the Philippines, and it’s about saving more than 100 million children in India who will not have to spend their lives as “crawlers” because they received two drops of Polio vaccine. A Paul Harris Fellow recognition IS about what Rotarians do with the money; they change people’s lives and make the world a better place. A Paul Harris Fellow is a person who is Making a Difference.	cc/2019-30/en_head_0043.json.gz/line2146
__label__cc	0.615863	0.384137	Ancestors & Archetypes, by Iona Miller, 2017 ANCESTOR CARDS Archai Vision Tree Aphrodite Rising Mythic Ancestors Dreamwalking Soulful Tree World Tree House of Life Original Awareness Collective Unconscious Soma-Significance Generational Theory Blood Music Ancestors Effect Void/Plenum Facing Soul Ecology of Souls Trueborn Sacred Wounding I Walk the Lines Ancestral Devotions Genogram Royal We ReKINdled Liminal Entities Archaic Roots Cradle of Awakening Relationality Entangled Ancestors Dream Flesh Dove Goddess Severed Head Royal Art Ancestors & the Brain Chronesthesia Alchemy > Last Angel Digital Dynasties Grof Perinatal Matrices Precession Grief & Depression DEPRESSIVE DISORDERS/GRIEF & CONSCIOUSNESS RESTRUCTURING by Iona Miller Asklepia Foundation, ©2000 We don't 'lose' our mothers – reality is more violent than that http://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2016/mar/03/we-dont-lose-our-mothers-reality-more-violent-that-that?CMP=fb_gu Antigone is burying her brother Polynices by throwing ashes in the air, Burgtheater 2015 Genealogy helps us break through the doors of normal perception, routinized ways of generating those self-aware misdescriptions, preferably toward ones we can apply in a great many cases. We have to confine our descriptions of the world around us, of our inner life and all the rest of it, to the descriptions that someone has invested in, doing what was needed to embed them in a network of usable inferential links. Pathologizing Psyche has the ability to create suffering in any aspect of behavior or experience, deforming or afflicting our perspective. Beyond will and reason, such symptoms arise spontaneously. Suffering is central to the human experience, a way soul becomes conscious of itself. Genealogy can offer some unique symbolic solutions or channels of expression for certain syndromes. Some people suffer a profound sense of absence and ardent longing for something transcendent. In German it is called sehnsucht -- “thoughts and feelings about all facets of life that are unfinished or imperfect, paired with a yearning for ideal alternative experiences. Almost of us have felt ‘life’s longings’ that cannot be resolved by what the world has to offer. Such feelings can be positive, negative, or ambivalent. Our individual search for happiness proceeds while we cope with the reality of the unattainable. Psychologists identify Sehnsucht by six core characteristics: “(a) utopian conceptions of ideal development; (b) sense of incompleteness and imperfection of life; (c) conjoint time focus on the past, present, and future; (d) ambivalent (bittersweet) emotions; (e) reflection and evaluation of one's life; and (f) symbolic richness.” There are other ways we try to make sense of existence. Saudade is Portuguese and Galician for soulful ephemeral memories of the miseries of life and the already dead, lost or missing. We miss all the physical elements that shaped our early experience. What calls to our memory that inspires such yearning and melancholy nostalgia, such longing mixed with desire? Or more importantly, how does this initiate communicating across boundaries? This is a deep emotional state of nostalgia or epic melancholic longing for an absent loved one, likely never to return. For a lost lover, or a family member who has gone missing, moved away, separated, or died, saudade is "the love that remains." The loss can be in the past or in future potential, roads not taken, blocked paths. Extreme feelings can lead to sickness unto death. “The famous saudade of the Portuguese is a vague and constant desire for something that does not and probably cannot exist, for something other than the present, a turning towards the past or towards the future; not an active discontent or poignant sadness but an indolent dreaming wistfulness.” (In Portugal, by AFG Bell, 1912) ABSTRACT: There are three main types of depressive disorders: major depressive disorder, dysthymia, and the depressive lows of bipolar disorder. While conventional treatment has been to freely dispense antidepressants (SSRIs), an integrative approach would include psychosocial therapy to focus on the personal, interpersonal, and transpersonal issues behind depression. For many individuals, SSRIs are contra-indicated due to a wide range of side effects, some quite severe. CRP offers a comprehensive psychoimmunotherapy, which can alter mood in a positive direction, restore interest or pleasure in daily activities, promote healthy sleep patterns, restore energy reserves, transform feelings of worthlessness or guilt, foster pro-active decisions, calm restlessness, and ameliorate recurrent thoughts of death or morbidity. In CRP, the value of the depressive state and/or grief is acknowledged and honored. Rather than medicating it away, CRP facilitates the depressive process and allows it to fully cycle through. Biological disturbances lead to a complex, dynamic interlocking group of psychophysical changes which depress the well-being and functionality of the individual until the call to restructure consciousness is heeded. By going deeper into the process and allowing imagery of death, for example, to play out to its natural conclusion in rebirth, CRP fosters restructuring at the genetic, cellular, biochemical, and psychoneuroimmunological levels. KEYWORDS: Creative Consciousness Process, dreams, depression, creativity, healing, psychotherapy, SSRIs, complex dynamics, chaos theory, neurotransmitters, restructuring consciousness, psychosomatics, grief, flow, psychoneuroimmunology, depressive disorders, major depression, treatment protocols, dysthymic disorder, double depression, bipolar disorder, cyclothymia, seroton in, Prozac, Zoloft, Paxil, antidepressants, sexual dysfunction, Asklepios, David Bohm. Chronic depression is characterized by a profound and persistent feeling of sadness or despair and a loss of interest in things that were once pleasurable. The causes behind depression are complex and dynamic and not yet fully understood. The “initial conditions” that lead to either a major depressive episode or chronic dysthymia are generally situational rather than biologically-induced. Therefore, practitioners treating all depressions with SSRIs may neglect to address and heal the psychological and emotional wounds that led to the maladaptive changes in biochemistry. While an imbalance of certain neurotransmitters, the chemicals in the brain that transmit messages between nerve cells, is believed to be the key to depression, external factors, such as upbringing (more so in dysthmyia than major depression) may be as important. For example, if an individual is abused and neglected throughout childhood and adolescence, a pattern of low self-esteem and negative thinking may emerge, initiating a lifelong pattern of depression. Or, perhaps, the death of a parent during childhood creates patterns of unresolved loss, grief, sadness, and guilt. Whenever emotions are deadened, we tend to identify with that state exclusively. Heredity does seem to play a role in who develops depressive disorders. Individuals with major depression in their immediate family are up to three times more likely to have the disorder themselves. It is modeled by their caregivers. It has been theorized that biological and genetic factors may make certain individuals pre-disposed or prone to depressive disorders, but environmental circumstances may often trigger the disorder. Transactional Analysis describes the Life Scripts which we adopt as children. It postulates that depression is a “No Love” script. According to Steiner, (1974): “Large numbers of people in this country are in a constant unsuccessful quest for a successful, loving relationship. This is a difficulty that seems to affect women more often than men, probably because women are more sensitized to their needs for love and less capable of adapting to Lovelessness. Lack of adequate stroking, which leads to chronic stroke-hunger and various degrees of depression, culminating in either suicide or in the most extreme form of depression--catatonia--is one large strand of human suffering. The Lovelessness script is based on the Stroke Economy, a set of early childhood injunctions addressed to the stroking capacities of children. Those injunctions very effectively cripple the growing child’s normal tendencies and skills for getting strokes. The result is various degrees of depression with feelings of being unloved and/or unlovable.” External stressors and significant life changes, such as chronic medical problems, death of a loved one, divorce or estrangement, miscarriage, or loss of a job can also result in a form of depression known as adjustment disorder with its lowered expectations. Although periods of adjustment disorder usually resolve themselves, occasionally they may evolve into a major depressive disorder. In ancient times, depression was a recognized temperament, known as Melancholia. Depression was also seen as a characteristic part of the universal process of transformation. It was viewed as the starting point of the journey, recognition of the emptiness and sterility of the experience of those who are frustrated, isolated, and discontent. It was discovered to be the root of the spiritual quest for personal and universal meaning. That transformative process necessarily begins in a forced breakdown which demands the time for introversion and recovery of energy reserves. In alchemy this melancholic state was known as the nigredo, a deep blackness of spirit, a dry empty void. In mythology and astrology, it was kindled by Father Time, Saturn (Roman) or Cronos (Greek), hence its inherently “chronic” nature. In depression, our fundamental psychobiological rhythms are disturbed--sleeping, eating, thinking, and activity. These biological disturbances lead to a complex interlocking group of psychophysical changes which depress the well-being and functionality of the individual until the call to restructure consciousness is heeded. There is time-honored value and meaning in many types of depression, which can only be experienced by letting the process unfold, rather than chemically blocking or subverting it. It was always considered the beginning of a descent into darkness, a metaphorical trip to hell, or in modern terms, the unconscious. Psychologically, one experiences a chaotic state of conflict between hostile psychic elements. These complex dynamics need time to resolve and allow recovery from the intolerable strain of the environment. Then the characteristic melancholia, sleeplessness, and restless volatility begin to resolve. Rather than a state to be overcome, the disorder is a call to adventure from the spirit to the soul, a call from dry literalism into the imagistically rich inner world. This allows one to break through into a fresh mode of perception. Typical manifestations of this stage of the mystery process include long dreams, confusions, numbing, and a drained or depressed mental attitude. Missing the point, we may keep looking for what is “wrong,” in organic or neurological problems. Then we get gross--rather than subtle--treatments, consisting of pills, body work, or dance therapy. But it is the soul which is sick unto death, and ruminates on it morbidly. The cure will not come through vitamin therapy, or rejuvinating exercise, or prescription drugs. Life as you have known it is is falling apart. You are prematurely grieving the death of your old self, and may not yet even know it. The élan vital, or life energy has been pulled into the unconscious, leaving the ego frustrated and discontent. It is the syndrome of a soul cut off from the well-springs of life. The feeling of being drained, or over-extended may become so powerful that it forces a breakdown. Life becomes a metaphorical journey through a wasteland. It brings skepticism, bitterness, sarcasm, the feeling of being damned. The depression and restlessness that result may lead to drugs or alcohol abuse. Conversely, substance abuse aggravates depression in a viscious cycle. The ability to see through to a value in depression and experience the meaningfulness of the feeling of meaninglessness has a prognosticative purpose. Attaching meaning to depression allows an emotional participation which unblocks the flow of psychic energy. Depression is not a loss of meaning, but the feeling of loss of a sense of meaning. This is actually the beginning point of the quest, as illustrated by such stories as Dante’s Inferno, Rider Haggard’s SHE!, Fowles’ The Magus, and Melville’s Moby Dick. If one can see that the world is beautiful, but has lost the ability to feel that beauty, mood swings can range from sullen inertia to active despair. There is a sense of fragmentation and alienation from one’s self. You may find yourself devoid of emotional response, except perhaps self-judgement and volcanic outbursts. Compassion fatigue and anhedonia are the result of “not caring anymore.” There may be a persistent belief that oneself or others would be better off dead. Suicidal ideation may occur with or without a specific plan or suicide attempts. Commonly associated features include tearfulness, anxiety, irritability, brooding or obsessive rumination, excessive concern with physical health, panic attacks and phobias. A common delusion is that one is being persecuted. There may be nihilistic delusions of world or personal destruction, somatic delusions of cancer or other serious illness, or delusions of poverty. Depressed children may develop Separation Anxiety Disorder, Overanxious Disorder and Avoidant Disorder, as well as sulkiness, inattentiveness, reluctance to cooperate, and inattention to personal appearance and hygeine. Those adults who are extremely depressed become unable to function socially or occupationally, or even to feed, bathe, and clothe himself or herself. Seniors are particularly vulnerable. The smallest task seems difficult or impossible to accomplish. This is a major reason individuals seek psychotherapy, or a spiritual path of renewal. Participants find a new sense of inner unity and renewal, a glimpse of deeper values, of the Self, and self-reconciliation, spiritual connection, renewed zest. The wilderness is no longer barren and life blossoms and bears fruit. One meaning of the experiences of depression is that our wholeness, or individuation, the Self, can no longer wait while we follow egotistic ways or even seek legitimate ego fulfillment. When current ego attitudes are outdated and lack adaptability, we feel stuck. The subconscious begins to revolt, seeking a psychological revolution in attitudes. If we listen to the voice within our depression, we come to realize that we must willingly subject ourselves to change. Conscious and unconscious drives, what was previously rejected and suppressed, need to realign (Miller and Miller, 1994). The Self brings us, drives us, into the wilderness of depression and from there we can attend to the vision within. This decision to subject ourselves to change may be considered a spiritual awakening, a willingness to look at our own unlived potential for both good and evil. Classically, the nigredo is a time of disappointment, divorce, soul-searching, and reorientation, and responsibility to self to fulfill unlived potential. Your destiny begins to take form, or reform. You may be pressured into it even if you resist, and this is the black mood’s positive intent. The promise reported by the ancient alchemists, is that following this state of darkness, the light begins to dawn. Insights gained through paying attention to the unconscious, to dreams and so on, throw a light on our inner condition, and we regain relatedness through feeling. The blackness is accepted and taken to oneself, instead of being blamed on outside situations and other people. We begin to see it is our own withdrawl and loss of feeling and contact with our shadow that is the true cause of the darkness. We can recognize we are not just suffering a personal ill, but participating in a universal process of creativity. It is a natural part of human development, when the ego can no longer pursue only its selfish concerns and addictive demands Depression shakes up the stagnant order of things with its burning awareness of personal shortcomings and inadequacies. Old traumas, limiting core beliefs, and self-indulgent tendencies that severely limit one must be given a way to transform and free up energy for personal fulfillment. Feeling and compassion return as light begins to shine in the darkness. The experience of restriction begins to transform into one of liberation as you re-own the lost part of yourself, and digest your new experiences. Psychosomatic symptoms may suddenly vanish. True, you will have to withstand a chaotic state of conflict among hostile psychic forces. But, in reconnecting with the well-spring of being, chaotic consciousness, we restructure our primal existential self-image. Psychopharmacology rests on a “disease model” of psychiatric symptoms. This is the application of an extreme medical or biological model to psychological syndromes. Perhaps a few severe psychiatric conditions such as schizophrenia, bipolar, or psychotic depression have a strong biological componenet. But to treat all psychiatric symptoms as though they were exclusively biological is unacceptable reductionism. Symptoms in and of themselves do not necessarily indicate a disease. All psychiatric diagnoses are merely syndromes, clusters of symptoms presumed to be related, disorders not diseases. There is no proof either of the cause or physiology for any psychiatric diagnosis. Depression affects an estimated 17 million people. The size of the subgenual prefrontal cortex of the brain (located behind the bridge of the nose) may be a determining factor in hereditary depressive disorders. Positron emission tomography (PET) scans reveals widespread changes in brain functioning for those clinically depressed. The hereditary and biochemical imbalance theories are still unproven and controversial models. Researchers admit that they have many elegant models, but don’t really know the exact mechanism by which antidepressants work because they aren’t sure of the origin of depression itself. “Eventually, scientists may discover real proof that a small percentage of patients have genetically determined, biological symptoms. But we are a long way from any such knowledge. When patients are told otherwise, they are being seriously misled.” (Glenmullen, 2000). The average age for a first depressive episode occurs in the mid-20s, although it can strike all age groups indiscriminately, from children to the elderly. Even infants can experience a major depressive episode, and certainly they are affected by the depressions of their caregivers. Depression is more likely in first-degree relations of the depressed. One in four women is likely to experience a severe episode, with a 10-20% lifetime prevalence, compared to 5-10% for men. Disturbances in sleep, appetite, and mental processes are a common accompaniment. Major depressive disorder is a moderate or severe episode of depression lasting two or more weeks, and may include a preoccupation with death or suicide. In children, the major depression may appear as irritability. The person may deny feeling depressed, or try to mask or self-medicate the problem. Major markers of onset include the following: * Significant change in weight. * Insomnia or hypersomnia (excessive sleep) nearly every day. * Psychomotor agitation or retardation. * Fatigue or loss of energy. * Feelings of worthlessness or inappropriate guilt. * Diminished ability to think or to concentrate, or indecisiveness. * Recurrent thoughts of death or suicidal and/or suicide attempts. * Excessive crying. * Unexplained, chronic aches and pains that don’t respond to treatment. Dysthymic Disorder (or Depressive Neurosis) is an ongoing, chronic depression that lasts two or more years (one or more years in children) and has an average duration of 16 years. Predisposing factors include an inadequate, disorganized, rejecting, and chaotic environment. The mild to moderate symptoms may rise and fall in intensity, with some periods of normal, non-depressed mood of up to two months in length. Its onset is gradual, and may not be pinpointed. Often there is coexisting personality disturbance, such as Borderline, Histrionic, Narcissistic, Avoidant, or Dependent Personality Disorders. Dysthymia often occurs with other psychiatric and physical conditions. Up to 70% of patients have both dysthymic disorder and major depressive disorder, which is known as “double depression.” Substance abuse, panic disorders, personality disorders, and social phobias may compound the problem. Dysthymia is common in certain medical conditions, such as multiple sclerosis, AIDS, hypothyroidism, chronic fatigue syndrome, Parkinson’s disease, diabetes, and post-cardiac transplantation. It is possible that other pharmacological treatment affects neurotransmitters, and the depression may complicate recovery. Two or more of the following symptoms are experienced daily: * Under or overeating. * Insomnia or hypersomnia. * Low energy or fatigue. * Poor concentration or trouble making decisions. * Feelings of hopelessness. Bipolar disorder is an affective mental illness that causes radical emotional changes and alternating mood swings from manic highs to depressive lows. Cyclothymia is a mild form of Bipolar Disorder. Another temporary and little understood source of depression is post-partum depression, with its radical hormone shifts. CONVENTIONAL TREATMENT PROTOCOLS AND HAZARDS Untreated or improperly treated depression is the number one cause of suicide in the United States. Proper treatment relieves symptoms in 80-90%. After each major depressive episode, the risk of recurrence climbs significantly--50% after one episode, 70% after two episodes, and 90% after three episodes. For this reason, patients need to be aware of the symptoms of recurring depression and may require long-term maintenance treatment of antidepressants and/or therapy. Early intervention with children with depression is effective in arresting development of more severe problems. Patient education in the form of therapy or self-help groups is crucial for taking an active part in the treatment program. Numerous independent studies have found that drugs are not significantly more effective than “talking cures” and process work at treating the most common adjustments of depression and grief. Diagnosis includes interviews and several clinical inventories to assess mental status. Among them are the Hamilton Depression Scale, Beck Depression Inventory, Child Depression Inventory, Geriatric Depression Inventory, and the Zung Self-Rating Scale for Depression. Most scales reflect the biochemical imbalance theory, and reflect the problems inherent in subjective evaluation. Typical conventional treatment begins with finding a compatible antidepressant, such as fluoxetine (Prozac), sertraline (Zoloft), or Paxil, or Luvox. One class of drugs, SSRIs, increases levels of serotonin but have many unfortunate side effects, including allergic reaction, anxiety, diarrhea, drowsiness, headache, poor sexual functioning, sweating, nausea, and insomnia. There is emotional blunting, even apathy and indifference. An average dose of Zoloft, for example, is 50-100 milligrams; 200 milligrams is the maximal dose. Patients are frequently taken from 50-100-150 mgs. in quick succession. Serotonin reuptake inhibitors, or serotonin boosters have been implicated as catalysts for suicidal and violent impulses. Neurological disorders including disfiguring facial and whole body tics (TD, irreversible tardive-dyskinesia), indicating potential brain damage, are an increasing concern for those on the drugs. Calling these drugs “antidepressants” is seriously misleading and virtually meaningless. They function like the stimulants amphetamine and cocaine and users develop a tolerance for the dosage and often psychological or chemical dependencies. These drugs are stimulants for people who would otherwise be fatigued, distracted by negative thoughts, or have difficulty concentrating. With their energizing, attention-focusing, mood-elevating, and calming effects, serotonin boosters would make almost anyone feel better so long as they did not experience distressing side effects. There can be debilitating withdrawl symptoms for as many as half of all patients. Withdrawl symptoms include suicidality, rebound irritability, increased vulnerability to depressive relapse, weight gain, etc. Withdrawl mimics return to depressive symptoms with feelings of dread, dizzyness, sleeplessness, and inability to concentrate. Side effects raise concern that patients may sustain silent brain damage that cannot be assessed. Withdrawl from Prozac-type drugs sometimes happens spontaneously when the drug “wears off” probably from having damaged its target axons beyond any ability to respond to the drug (permanent chemical lobotomy). This has led to dependency and patients increasing their own doses. When doctors prescribe up to and beyond the maximal doses there is nowhere left to go. Related to dependence is a phenomenon called “supersensitivity” or sensitization of brain cells by psychiatric drugs, which implies that the drugs can actually worsen the progression of the illness which they are supposed to treat. After being treated for three years patients do poorly and show an inability to withdraw. The core physical effects of withdrawl are outlined in the DSM-IV: 1. disequilibrium (e.g. dizzyness, spinning sensations, swaying, or difficulty walking) 2. gastrointestinal symptoms (e.g. nausea, vomiting) 3. flu-like symptoms (e.g. fatigue, lethargy, muscle pains, chills) 4. sensory disturbances (e.g. tingling, electric shock sensations) 5. sleep disturbances (e.g. insomnia, vivid dreams) Recent research on serotonin antidepressants has shown the adaptations of brain cells involve changes in the instructions given by the DNA of the cells--the master code regulating cellular function. The Director of the National Institute of Mental Health reports that chronic drug administration drives the production of adaptations, including regulation of neural gene [brain cell DNA] expression. Perhaps as many as 75% of patients are needlessly on these drugs for mild, even trivial, conditions. When the immediate cause of their distress is gone, doctors often don’t check to see if prescription renewal is essential. Patients often fear to “rock the boat,” and fear the return of their distress if unmedicated. If a person is going to relapse into depression after meds are withdrawn, this typically does not occur until weeks or months after the drug is stopped. Doctors rarely offer alternatives. By combining drugs with psychotherapy and other alternatives, one can usually minimize exposure to the drugs, keeping the dosage low and weaning off the medication within six months to a year. Reassessment should be done at least once a year. It is not an established scientific fact that those with mild to even severe depression have serotonin-deficiencies to begin with. The drugs are all-purpose psychoanalgesics, and would make virtually anyone feel better initially. Managed care providers don’t want to pay for safer, more effective treatment. Big business discourages alternatives, and sales of Prozac, Zoloft, and Paxil now exceed $4 billion a year. Virtually no studies have been done on long-term effect of the drugs on depressed children and their developing nervous systems, even though they are a specific target market, as are seniors. There is an unusually high incidence of three or more minor malformations in newborns exposed to Prozac in the first trimester, indicating it has a negative effect on embryonic development. To promote psychopharmaceuticals, the marketing of psychiatric diagnoses is often redefined to include much milder forms to include many more people. This has been especially true for depression, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and social phobia and anxiety. Psychotherapy produces just as effective results, though antidepressants may jump-start those with moderate to severe depression on the road to recovery. While antidepressants take a month or so to become effective, conventional psychotherapy generally takes six to eight weeks for noticeable effects. The TCAs (Tricyclic antidepressants, such as Elavil) have more severe side effects, which can include persistent dry mouth, sedation, dizziness, and cardiac arrhythmias. They are contraindicated for patients with suicidal tendencies since they can be lethal in even small overdoses. Other drug classes used for depression include monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs), which block the action of an enzyme in the central nervous system. Heterocyclics, (which cannot be given to those with a seizure disorder), include bupropion (Wellbutrin/Zyban)) and trazodone (Desyrel), Serzone, Effexor, and Remeron. Side effects include agitation, anxiety, confusion, tremor, dry mouth, fast and irregular heartbeat, headache, low blood pressure, gastrointestinal distress and insomnia. Sexual dysfunction affects 60% of those on antidepressants. Curiously, many of the drug treatments’ side effects seem to actually amplify or highlight the original symptoms of the distress and depression. Men report impotence, inability to ejaculate, or retrograde ejaculation. Many complain most vociferously about the loss of sexual interest, claiming that they were depressed before, but since they now feel like eunuchs, they are really depressed. Women report an inability to orgasm, inhibited sexual arousal, loss of libido. Many would rather cope with their well-known symptoms again. Most antidepressants are prescribed by primary-care physicians, rather than mental health specialists. There is duress from managed care insurers to treat quickly with this cheaper option, and physicians are paid or debited according to their quotas and compliance. There is little or no incentive to refer patients for psychotherapy. In conventional treatment, psychotherapy is usually limited to weak options such as cognitive-behavioral therapy which simply don’t go deep enough to restructure the psychobiological sources of distress. Superficial therapies assume that faulty thinking is causing the current depression and focuses on changing the thought patterns and perceptions. The therapist helps the patient identify negative or distorted thought patterns and the emotions or behavior that accompany them, and then retrains the depressed individual to recognize the thinking and react differently to it. The cornerstones of psychotherapy are insight and emotional growth. Becoming aware of previously unconscious emotions and finding patterns in one’s behavior effect recovery from acute depression and make one less vulnerable to depression in the future. The healing comes from inside not outside, adding to a sense of personal empowerment, rather than reliance or dependence on a pill. Lifestyle--caffeine, alcohol, diet and exercise also need to be considered as amplifiers of depressive disorder. Sadness is a clarifying and relieving emotion that helps us move on after losses. On the other hand, depression is a paralyzing short-circuit of self-doubt and self-recrimination. Sometimes people become depressed because they are not appropriately angry or sad over the situation. Good psychiatric care doesn’t stop when symptoms abate. Longer-term goals address the individual’s underlying vulnerability to depression--persistent negative views of self, the world, and the future. Cognitive-behavioral therapy is popular with managed care administrators, and is often the only modality offered, because it is easily standardized and can be done with groups, also. ECT (electroconvulsive therapy) may be administered in extreme cases, when oral medication is refused, or psychotic and suicidal tendencies are present. Though now done under general anesthesia with a muscle relaxant to prevent convulsions, this therapy still sounds downright medieval and produces mixed results. Memory loss, headaches, muscle soreness, nausea and persistent confusion may result. Integrative treatments include homeopathic treatment, good nutrition, exercise, and herbal treatments. TRANSACTIONAL ANALYSIS AND DEPRESSION Transactional Analysis is a grammar of the internal dynamics of the personality, which is structured through pre- and post-natal imprinting, scripts, games, and rackets. Some individuals are structured around a depressive life script which has the following characteristics: (1) The person has decided upon a position of I’m not OK -- You’re OK. (2) The person occupies the Victim role in the drama triangle, but switches periodically into the Persecutor role, or through magical means into the Rescuer role. (3) The timing of the script is “Wait.” (4) The “wait” is for a magical occurrence that transforms the world without requiring the person to take an active part in causing changes to occur. (Cox, 1980). The script injunctions are numerous and include “Don’t Succeed,” “Don’t Think,” “Don’t Be Close,” “Don’t Have Fun,” and “Don’t Judge Others.” The last is particularly devastating because they prevent the person from acknowledging that he is being set up. It is a reworded way of saying a “not OK” person shouldn’t pass judgement on persons who are “OK” (everybody else). Actually the person may be very accurately judging and selecting, based on that judgement, persons who will deceive him. Depressive life scripts appear in American literature. Typical examples include Rip Van Winkle, Charlie Brown, and Rudolph, the Red-Nosed Reindeer. These are stories of those unfortunate souls who are defective from birth, don’t grow up, don’t succeed, get persecuted, and don’t have fun. The fear of individuation and the fear of attachment have both been found to be associated with depression. Depressed individuals fear to get involved with others and differentiating themselves from others, suggesting that they prefer to remain dependently involved with familiar figures. People in the detached/de-individuated position are the most depressed. Primal fears are fear of getting involved and fear of establishing a clear identity. This implies they favor dependence, even over-dependence, or familiar figures, or an infantile pattern of attachment. Stroke-starved infants grow up to become depressed adults. Because of a tendency toward isolation and blocking, they become stroke-deficient, lacking in allowable stimulation. Infant depression results from lack of stimulation coupled with the absence (emotional or physical) of the child’s mother during the first year of life, and can be responsible for nearly irremediable damage. Non-verbal and verbal stroking is a vital component in the alleviation of reactive depression in adults. Self-reported distress includes the experience of headaches, faintness, loss of sexual appetite, trouble remembering things, uncontrolled temper outbursts, blaming oneself, pains in the lower back, feeling of inferiority to others, feeling hopeless and nausea. Many people who come for therapy lead a relatively stroke-less existence (alienation) which has an influence of their experience of “dis-ease” and distress. They don’t know how to ask for strokes in a positive way without discounting or rejecting (“shielding”) their meaning. Positive strokes are defined as expressions of affection, closeness, and appreciation, as well as acknowledgement of one’s competence, skill, and resources from others. Positive strokes are units of emotional nourishment communicated at the interpersonal level. Emotional anemia comes from scarcity of acceptance and acknowledgement of affection and closeness from others. Whether one accepts or discounts contact is a significant factor associated with the degree of experienced symptom distress. As people are educated to recognize that they have a part in creating “illness” through limiting thoughts, beliefs, and actions, they can become active and responsible participants in their healing process instead of passive victims of the disease process or drug treatment. DEPRESSIVE DISORDERS AND CRP In complex dynamic systems (CDS) the whole process unfolds with a “sensitivity to initial conditions.” Thus, particularly treating chronic, “hereditary” depression, we can expect that CRP journeys will need to return participants to those conditions and events which gave form to their dis-ease, prior to birth, and prior to conception. Painful feelings often resurface when people have less structure in their lives, fewer activities to distract them. Psychiatric syndromes have two parts: a psychological core and superficial physical symptoms. Unaware of the true source of our upsets, we may develop symptoms, becoming distressed and tearful. This is a kind of code or flag raised over the distress. Psychotherapy helps decipher the code and brings the flag, or symptoms, down in the process. By contrast, medications only suppress symptoms. By themselves, they are never a cure. As such, they should be used only as adjuncts to the real healing process. “Healing” does not necessarily mean a cure nor total elimination of all symptoms. It has to do with a subjective process, difficult to describe because, by its very nature, it is irrational, totally individual, and yet linked to a timeless and universal experience. The therapist helps a person to understand what his unconscious is saying, and gives helpful encouragement to integrate this knowledge, or relate to the unintegratable, and accept it. This promotes growth according to that particular person’s own inner laws, allowing the unfolding of the total individual. Many CRP participants know, confusedly, from the start, that there is something they are looking for. They don’t know what it is, but they do know that their discontent stems from within themselves and that they are yearning for an inner journey for which they need a guide. “Healing is a dynamic happening related to a deep understanding of the role of suffering; an acceptance of what one is, totally: whole, rather than striving toward an image of perfection; an awareness of, and a relatedness to, a power greater than ourselves. In other words, healing is discovering the meaing of our own life, and our place in the universe, not as a philosophical concept, but as an existential experience of inestimable value--the pearl of great price, hidden in the dunghill of unconsciousness, and pride.” (Tuby, 1976). Jung thought that no therapist could lead his patients further than he had gone himself. No therapist can help a participant on the inner journey unless he himself is continuously grappling with his own unconscious material. The theme of the wounded healer is universal, and eternally valid. It is archetypal. From the most primitive shaman, to the Greek god Asklepios, it is through some divine injury that healing takes place. In the Asklepian healing temples, only those summoned by the god Asklepios were allowed to take part in the initiation rites. When the inner voice cannot be heard, a neurosis develops, forcing the individual to change course and be true to himself, true to his vocation. Healing begins through the call of the symptom. In ancient Greece, a sign such as a dream, or a vision, had to indicate to the sick person that he was called by the god of healing. Those who dedicated their lives to the cult of the god were called therapeutea, and it is they who performed the preparatory ritual. Sacrifices were offered, and the therapeutea would bathe and purify the incubant, who would then be left to sleep, alone, in the sacred precinct of the temple. If Asklepios appeared to him, either in a dream or in ‘the waking state’, i.e. in a vision, he was cured. These dreams were never interpreted, either by the priests or the physicians. They just happened. The right dream was the cure, and the role of the therapeutea was to assist, to help the dreamer be in the best possible situation to receive the healing dream...in other words to draw upon his or her own inner healing power. The dynamic imagery of consciousness is a self-representation of the energy processes of the psyche. It is the vehicle by which one form of energy is transformed into another, and makes possible the transmutation, or true change, of psychological conditions--a means of recreating the original whole. David Bohm has proposed a notion which supersedes the term psychosomatic. Soma-significance emphasizes the unity of body and significance or meaning. “The notion of soma-significance implies that soma (or the physical) and its significance (which is mental) are not separate in the sense that soma and psyche are generally considered to be; rather they are two aspects of one overall indivisible reality. By such an aspect, we mean a kind of view or a way of looking. That is to say, it is a form in which the whole of reality appears (i.e., displays or unfolds), either in our perception or in our thinking. Clearly, each aspect reflects and implies the other (so that the other shows in it). Although we describe these aspects by using different words, we imply that they are both revealing one unbroken whole of reality, as it were from different sides.” (Bohm, “Soma-Significance”). This description is reminiscent of the nature of fractals (self-similar forms) in Chaos Theory--”a form in which the whole of reality appears.” It is commonly known in psychotherapy that, for example, a dream (especially the first dream presented) often contains the whole image of the client’s problem and its eventual cure. In this way our nightly dreams reiterate our existential situation over and over. The problem, distress, or disease is neither physical nor mental/emotional--it is indivisibly both. Soma-significance regards the field of reality as a whole, as an unbroken flow: “To bring out how soma and significance are related, we first note that each particular kind of significance is carried by some somatic order, arrangement, connection, or organization of distinguishable elements...meanings are carried somatically by further physical, chemical, and electrical processes into the brain and the rest of the nervous system, where they are apprehended at higher and higher intellectual and emotional levels of meaning.” “As this process takes place these meanings, along with their somatic concomitants, become ever more subtle. . .The meaning is rarefied, delicate, highly refined, elusive, indefinable, intangible. The subtle may be contrasted with the manifest. The next proposal is then that reality has two further key aspects, the subtle and the manifest, which are closely related to soma and significance. Thus, as has already been pointed out, each somatic form carries a meaning. This meaning is clearly more subtle than the form itself. But in turn, such a meaning can be grasped in yet another somatic form; electrical-chemical and other activity in the brain and the rest of the nervous system - which is evidently more subtle than the original somatic form that gave rise to it. This distinction of subtle and manifest is clearly only relative, since what is manifest in one level may be subtle on another.” This is reflected in Chaos Theory as the notion of fractal reiteration, infinite nesting. In CRP, no matter at what level we perceive the dis-ease the form is self-similar and embedded in deeper or more subtle levels, each level holographically encoding the whole form with less detail (Swinney and Miller, 1992). “This sort of action may in principle go on to indefinitely deep and subtle levels of significance. Meanings are thus seen to be capable of being organized into ever more subtle and comprehensive overall structures that imply, contain, and enfold each other, in ways that are capable of indefinite extension. In this whole process...a certain content is first met in a given level and later in a different level. The relationship between these levels is then seen to be part of the essential content of yet another level...this structure continues indefinitely...no ultimate reduction is possible. ...A level that is mainly somatic may have a significance, which is carried into the next more subtle level of soma, which has a further significance.” (Bohm). “We have thus far emphasized the significance of soma, i.e. that each somatic configuration has a meaning, and that it is such a meaning that is grasped at more subtle levels of soma. This may be called the soma-significant relationship.” (Bohm). Bohm makes it clear that it is necessary for both somatic and significant poles to be present in each concrete instance of experience. It is impossible, for example, to have all the content on the side of soma (or on that of significance). In the inverse signa-somatic relationship, every meaning at a given level is seen actively to affect the soma at a more manifest level. The signa-somatic relationship is to be distinguished from the psychosomatic in that the latter is commonly regarded as between separate entities or substances. Soma-significance only implies abstracted aspects or poles of one whole flow in a field. Bohm goes on to point out that “a similar approach may be made for diseases and disorders in the soma-significant flow,” and he speaks of runaway feedback loops between the soma-significant and the signa-somatic as being deeply involved in a wide range of neurotic disorders. It is the over-all structure of meaning that is grasped in every experience. “As a given meaning is carried into the somatic side, whether in healthy or in disordered process, one can see that it still continues to be a kind of development of the original significance. . .One can regard this whole process as a further unfoldment of the original significance into forms that are suitable for instructing the body to carry out the implications of what is meant.” Even relationships with Nature and with the Cosmos are evidently deeply affected by what these mean to us. Such meanings fundamentally affect our actions toward them, and thus indirectly their actions back on us are influenced in a similar way. Once we begin listening to the nature within us--our nature--and experience journeys through the inner cosmos, we can never feel truly lonely, disconnected, and hopeless again. We can directly experience ourselves as an intrinsic part of one subtle webwork of being. Meaning indicates not only the significance of something to us, but also, our intention toward it. Our choices thus depend on the total significance of the moment. It is this whole significance that gives rise to the over-all intention, which we sense as a feeling of being ready to respond in a certain way. All the factors of a given total situation, both external and internal, contribute to the determination of intention. In the process of soma-significance it is not possible to form and sustain intentions that do not grow out of this totality of significance, but most of the meaning in this process is implicit. Recalling that meaning is an intrinsic part of reality, we see that perception of new meaning constitutes a creative act. As their implications are unfolded when people take them up, work with them, etc., the new meanings that have thus been created make their corresponding contributions to this reality. These contributions are not only in the aspect of significance, but also in the aspect of soma. Each perception of a new meaning by a human being actually changes the over-all reality in which they live and have their existence, sometimes in a far-reaching way. Psychopharmacology rests on a “disease model” of psychiatric symptoms. This is the application of an extreme medical or biological model to psychological syndromes. Symptoms in and of themselves do not necessarily indicate a disease. All psychiatric diagnoses are merely syndromes, clusters of symptoms presumed to be related, disorders not diseases. There is no proof either of the cause or physiology for any psychiatric diagnosis. This is a compelling argument for fostering and allowing the self-healing capacity to adjust biological parameters in an internally directed self-organizing way that is not separate from the psychological situation. Psychological processes can be modeled as chaotic attractors, some on the edge of chaos, poised between chaotic and predictable regimens depending on small changes in their control parameters. The stability of patterns arises from the tendency to self-organize. For example, Allan Combs (1996) gives an example, “An ordinary episode of depression is usually accompanied by behaviors that actively feed that state of mind, or at least don’t rally against it. In the mean time, cognitive processes such as thought, perception, and memory become tilted toward discouraging outcomes. Research suggests, for example, that when we are depressed we tend to recall unpleasant episodes from our past (Bower, 1981). These recollections in turn feed the mood of depression, and so perpetuate a continuous cycle of memory and mood. To disrupt such a self-perpetuating circuit one needs to engage in activities that can up-end the dominant depressive attractor.” “The essential notion is that the whole cloth of consciousness is woven of a tightly knit patchwork of subprocess, each made possible and supported on all sides by the totality of the cloth itself, while at the same time contributing its part to the creation of that totality. To take another example, consider two discrete states of consciousness, the ordinary waking state and dream sleep. Each is an entire world of experience. Each carries its own intrinsic styles of thinking, its own forms of memory, feelings, thought and perceptions--its own possibilities.” “Now, dream thought arises from the total experience of the dream and cannot be sensibly separated from it. At the same time, it contributes its unique quality to the dream. Finally, what is possible to know in the dream may not make sense in waking life, and what is reasonable in waking life may not be sensible in a dream. Thus, knowledge is state specific (Tart,1985), as is the entire experienced world of each form of consciousness.” Ben Goertzel describes the process of transformation of consciousness in a complex dynamical system--the mind: “Psychological structures make no sense considered statically; they have to be considered dynamically, as “attractors” of systems that change over time. There are three kinds of attractors. There are fixed-point attractors, i.e. equilibrium system behaviors, in which a system does not change over time. There are periodic attractors, i.e. cyclic system behaviors. And there are strange attractors -- a grab-bag category covering everything that is neither unchanging nor periodic. Strange attractors are often chaotic, in that, once a system is locked into a strange attractor, its behavior cannot be predicted in any detail. But, nevertheless, strange attractors need not be “random,” they can be intricately structured.” “In chaos theory terms, the transition between one state of consciousness and another is represented as a jolt which knocks the system out of its attractor, and leads it along a trajectory toward another attractor. This model predicts that transition between states of consciousness should be a sudden and dramatic process -- very much a discrete shift rather than a continuous gradation.” In Persuasion and Healing, psychiatrist Jerome D. Frank argues that the theoretical framework within which therapists work has little or nothing to do with their ability to “heal” patients. That power stems, rather, from the therapist’s ability to make patients believe they will improve. Frank gives credit to the placebo effect as the primary active ingredient underlying all psychotherapies and even most drug treatments. Science, of course, cannot pinpoint or measure the qualities that enable a particular therapist to induce the placebo effect in a given individual. Frank attributes it to more than creating a positive expectation: “People have been attacking Freud because he wasn’t a scientist, but that misses the point. He was a great mythmaker.” He carried the power of the archetypal healer and embodied it in himself and others. Studies of antidepressants over the past 30 years show that two thirds of the patients placed on medication either showed no improvement or responded equally well to a placebo as to the antidepressant. Drugs only produce significantly different outcomes in one third of patients, but they never learn to solve their depression problems internally. Walter A. Brown, a psychiatrist at Brown University and an authority on the placebo effect, has supported the assertion that the placebo effect might explain much of the effectiveness of medications for emotional disorders (SciAmer, Dec’96, p. 110). For the majority of patients there is little or no significant difference between any of the treatments, including the placebo-plus-clinical management approach. Patients self-report that they do as well with psychotherapy alone, as with therapy in conjunction with drugs. Research has shown that traumatic experiences can change the way the brain works, as can talk therapy, and even more so, process-oriented therapy which creates flow experiences. The brain undergoes changes similar to those induced by medication. The new biological explanations of mental disorders make “good stories” but still lack empirical substantiation. CRP AND GRIEF WORK “Melancholy is at the bottom of everything, just as at the end of all rivers is the sea...Can it be otherwise in a world where nothing lasts, where all we have loved or shall love must die? Is death, then, the secret of life? The gloom of an eternal mourning enwraps, more or less closely, every serious and thoughtful soul, as night enwraps the universe.” (Amiel, 1893). In grief, we are pulled down into the world of the dead. We continue to live, but with a foot in both worlds. However, there is no sweetness or savor in life. We mimic death, and exist in a dead world. We feel miserable and ill, moving through a world of ghosts, feeling like the shadow of a dream. In our isolation we are cut off from others, the world, and God. We seem to be in perpetual fog and darkness, plagued by indecision, inefficiency, and confusion. Most of us have felt depressed in greater or lesser degree. Since everything changes as time flows, and change entails loss, this is not surprising. It is a truism that we grow sad and depressed when a person we love dies; it is a truism because grief is universal and normal. In fact, failure to grieve is evidence of psychological abnormality. Mourning is characteristically a state of mind, but it is accompanied by a host of painful somatic sensations that are remarkably uniform. The following are commonly shown during acute grief: sensations of somatic distress occurring in waves lasting from twenty minutes to an hour at a time, a feeling of tightness in the throat, choking with shortness of breath, need for sighing, and an empty feeling in the abdomen, lack of muscular power, and intense subjective distress described as tension or mental pain. Traumatic bereavements are a special case of mourning (see “PTSD and CRP”). They results from shocking deaths which are sudden and perhaps horrific. They occur in a variety of settings including personal and community violence or catastrophe. Traumatic bereavement stands in contrast to experiences of quiet death at home, without mutilation, bodily distortion, shock, threat, horror, and helplessness. Reactions to the traumatic circumstances are different and predict more adverse health outcomes for bereaved spouses. There is interference in the grieving process from traumatic stress. The striking features point up that the emotional aspect of grief is quite as painful as the somatic. Inner anguish, loss of interest in a dreary, empty world, isolation from other people, loneliness and feelings of inner emptiness. In this way grief mimics clinical depression. The call to heal and the call to death are ultimately the same call to formlessness. Many disorders display symptoms and imagery which represent stalled stages in the natural consciousness restructuring process -- the organism’s attempt to heal itself gets stuck. According to Freud, mourning is work and requires mental effort. That work consists of the courage extended over a period of time to face the pain of grieving and to combat the tendency of the living attachment to the lost person to persist. The fabric of memories and associations and feelings that permeate the image of the deceased in the mind of the bereaved survivor does not automatically disappear when the loved person dies. In the process of grieving each of the memories and associations must be revived in the mind’s eye; as each is thought of, a fresh wave of grief occurs, which gradually fades. As each separate strand of the fabric of associations is thus worked over, it loses its power to evoke the pain of loss, and the loving attachment to the dead one gradually diminishes until the process is complete and the ghost is laid to rest. The mourner is once again free to live and love in the world of the living. There are times, however, when grief does not flow so smoothly; it becomes blocked or distorted in ways that have to be considered pathological. These abnormal forms of mourning differ from major depression in one way: grief does not include the feelings of guilt nor the self-accusatory attitudes that characterize the depressed person. This holds true, unless, there were unresolved issues, and conflicts about choices in the caregiving process. Then the internal litany becomes one of, “Coulda, shoulda, woulda...” A certain degree of self-criticism is understandable as a consequence of the failure to live up to ideals set for one’s behavior. This can be felt as a lowering of self-esteem. Unresolved grief can function within like a “strange attractor” through the process of identification. For example: “Barbara” accepts the fact of her mother’s death. She knows she ‘can’t bring her back.’; there is no denial. She is aware of no feelings or conviction that her mother is still alive. And yet she does, in a way, ‘bring her back’ by psychologically making a part of her mother a part of herself. The image of her beloved mother at the time of her death was that of a person sick with heart disease. She does not relinquish this image nor allow it to die. She keeps it alive, but not as the image of a person external to herself; it become internalized and alters her own image of herself. She no longer conceives of herself as a healthy person, able to be active. Rather, she thinks of herself as a person who is sick and in danger of dying of heart disease. She develops symptoms which are for her consistent with this diagnosis, and has to be admitted to the hospital for her illness. The image of herself is the image of her mother, which has entered the fabric of her ego and has radically altered that portion of the self-organization that constitutes her self-image. She has identified with her mother; she has made certain behavioral and personality attributes of her mother a part of herself. In this way she keeps her mother alive. Her attention and mental energies are not directed toward the real fact of her mother’s death; she does not experience the pain of this loss. On the contrary, she concentrates on the image of her mother now living within her. She is preoccupied with her concern over having heart disease. The grief work is blocked, neurotic symptoms replace mourning, and she cannot free herself of her mother. We do not yet fully understand the psychological process involved in the mechanism of identification, but it is as if it were “attractor-centered.” Faced with a loss, a person adopts certain behavioral and characterological traits of the lost one. This represents a change in self-organization, an internalization, but how this modification in the ego is brought about is not yet apparent. The sense of identity as a person, the feeling of oneness and unity is disturbed. SUMMARY: THE EXPERIENCE OF HEALING AS FLOW Whether we speak of normal experience, chronic depression, or grief, it is a fact that frustration is deeply woven into the fabric of life. We are riddled with desires and programmed by ideals. Should some of our real or imagined needs be temporarily met, we immediately begin wishing for more. This chronic dissatisfaction stands in the way of our contentment. Depression has its roots in failure to adjust to lowered expectations of self, others, and world. Faust was given power by the Devil on condition that he would never be satisfied with what he has. Happiness and satisfaction with life depend on how small a gap one perceives between what one wishes for what one possesses. Traditional social shields such as religion, ethnic traditions, patriotism, etc. no longer are effective for many who feel exposed to the harsh winds of chaos. One of the main forces that affects consciousness adversely is psychic disorder -- that is, information that conflicts with our existing intentions, or distracts us from carrying them out. We give this condition many names, depending on how we experience it: pain, fear, rage, anxiety, depression, ennui, anomie, or jealousy. All these varieties of disorder force attention to be diverted in undesirable directions--toward other attractors. Fear of chaos manifests as ontological anxiety or existential dread, a fear of being, a feeling there is no meaning in life; since nothing makes sense, why go on? Overcoming the anxiety and depressions of contemporary life requires a drastic change in attitude about what is important and what is not. We can learn to enjoy and find meaning in the ongoing stream of experience, in the process of living itself. Experience depends on the way we invest psychic energy--on the structure of attention. This, in turn is related to goals and intentions. These processes are connected to each other by the self, or the dynamic mental representation we have of the entire system of our goals. This process is complex, and the notion of complexity is related to the same concept as used by some evolutionary biologists and also described with poetic insights. Its essence in terms of the psychology of the self is that a complex person is one whose behavior and ideas cannot be easily explained, and whose development is not predictable, but is autopoetic, that is self-organizing emergent order. Order in consciousness is experienced as flow, optimal experience, healing experience. Following a flow experience, the organization of the self is more complex than it had been before. It is by becoming increasingly complex that the self might be said to grow. The flow state facilitates both differentiation and integration. The old alchemists used to say, “Only that which has been properly separated can be rightfully joined.” Complexity also facilitates the integration of autonomous parts. After each episode of flow a person becomes more of a unique individual, less predictable, possessed of rarer skills. The complex self is more likely to avoid both selfishness and conformity. “The self becomes complex as a result of experiencing flow. Paradoxically, it is when we act freely, for the sake of the action itself rather than for ulterior motives, that we learn to become more than what we were. . .Flow is important both because it makes the present instant more enjoyable, and because it builds the self-confidence that allows us to develop skills and make significant contributions to humankind.” (Csikszentmihalyi, 1990). Flow helps us to integrate the self because in that state of deep concentration consciousness is unusually well ordered. Thoughts, intentions, feelings, and all senses are focused on the same goal. Experience is in harmony. And when the flow episode is over, one feels more “together” than before, not only internally but also with respect to other people and the world and cosmos in general. As a youth, the healer Asklepios received a special gift from Athena, Goddess of Wisdom. She gave him the blood of the terrible serpent-haired Medusa. The blood that flowed from the left side of Medusa brought death, and the blood that flowed from the right side brought healing. The paradoxical quality of this blood reflects the closeness between illness and health, and points to the equally paradoxical quality of the unconscious that both wounds and heals. This metaphor of the mystically-charged flowing life-blood --the archetypal placebo-- is all part of the mysteries of illness and death, healing and life. As the archetype of the wounded healer shows, the healing power flows, not through those who have known only health, but through those who have been ill, who have been drawn near the dark land of death, and have then been healed. Only through illness or a journey to the underworld can the Wounded Healer come alive in a human being, either as “healer” or one who heals from within. Ultimately, it matters little what complex mechanisms help us mobilize our own inner capacity for healing. The fact that we enter the healing process with commitment and intentionality is far more important. Taking the journey toward healing means we recreate the archetypal journey of the hero or heroine, who is neither helpless nor hopeless, but approaches fate with determinism and courage. When we willingly submit to the universal process of death and renewal we activate transpersonal resources that transcend our own limited capacities for restructuring our consciousness and self-healing. Ultimately all healing is self-healing, and implies profound self-acceptance, and can lead to loving acceptance of others and the world as it is, rather than as we would like it to be. It is impossible to feel isolated, lonely, and “dead” when one feels a sense of vivifying identification which stems from direct experience of the dynamic whole of reality. It restores our sense of personal wholeness. We are an indivisible part of a flow in the whole field of consciousness. The entire cosmos is contained holographically within us. When we become “superconductors” of consciousness, we draw from the spiritual wellsprings of life and health, that which eternally makes the world bloom anew. The “dam” of depression which has blocked the dynamic flow of life and love cannot forever withstand this immense healing force. It breaks through the “dead void” and one is no longer bereft of the power of the dynamic ground-state of existence, or cosmic unity. Restoration of the flow-state through process-oriented experiential therapy is the serpentine process of healing. It changes us at the quantum and psychobiological levels. Immersion in this healing state has the power to restructure our consciousness at the most fundamental level, and is an endless source of creativity, spiritual sustanance, and pleasure. Bloomfield, M.D., Harold, Nordfors and McWilliams, HYPERICUM & DEPRESSION, Prelude Press, Los Angeles, 1996. Bohm, David, “Soma-Significance: A New Notion of the Relationship Between the Physical and the Mental,” online from DynaPsych and Ben Goertzel. Cartmel, Gerald, “Cognitive dysfunction and psychosomatic disease,” Transactional Analysis Journal, Vol. 22, No. 3, July 1992, pp.174-181. Combs, Allan, “Consciousness as a System Near the Edge of Chaos,” online from DynaPsych, 1996. Cox,, Mary Osborne, “Depressive life scripts in American folk literature,” TA Journal, Vol. 10, No. 3, July 1980. Csikszentmihalyi, Mihaly, FLOW: THE PSYCHOLOGY OF OPTIMAL EXPERIENCE, Harper & Row, New York, 1990. Glenmullen, Joseph, M.D., PROZAC BACKLASH, Overcoming the dangers of Prozac, Zoloft, Paxil, and other antidepressants with safe, effective alternatives. Simon & Schuster, New York, 2000. Harding, M. Esther, “The Value and Meaning of Depression, “ Bulletin for the A.P.C. of N.Y. (Analytical Psychology Club of New York, Inc.), 1970. Horgan, John, “Why Freud Isn’t Dead,” SciAmer, December 1996, p.106-111. Miller, Iona and Richard, THE MODERN ALCHEMIST: A Guide to Personal Transformation, Phanes Press: Grand Rapids, Michigan: 1994. Steiner, Claude, SCRIPTS PEOPLE LIVE, Grove Press, New York, 1974. Swinney, Graywolf, HOLOGRAPHIC HEALING, Asklepia Foundation, 1997. Swinney, Graywolf and Iona Miller, DREAMHEALING: Chaos & the Creative Consciousness Process, Asklepia Pub., 1992. Tart, Charles T., 1985. “Consciousness, altered states, and worlds of experience,” The Journal of Transpersonal Psychology, 18: 159-170. Antigone and her dead brother https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antigone_%28Sophocles_play%29 Dashiell Johnson Grail Bearers "We have to finish it. We have to carry it on. Even though we don't talk about grails and castles and enchanted maidens, still it is our myth to be completed in our lives. The myth has taken us to exactly the point where modern people are now. Collectively speaking we are stuck at the point where the French poem ends. So if you want a quest, if you want something meaningful for your life, pick up the grail myth where it now lies in you." (Robert Johnson) When he first finds the Grail Castle, Perceval fails to ask the crucial questions about the origins of evil, the king's wound, and the Grail's meaning. He does get another chance to find wholeness -- to redeem the divine in matter. That doesn't mean he had a cognition of the whole but it is said to be so. Emma Jung and M-L von Franz describe how The Grail is brought to the Old Grail King; the goal of the quest is death to the old king, who 'dies' to the dominant collective consciousness of the day with its one-sided god image and is restored. Encountering the Grail is an emotional readiness for reflective experience and to receive numinous experience. With the secret words spoken and Perceval’s royal ancestry revealed, the Grail is placed in his care. The Grail disappeared with his death, went back into concealment in the unconscious of each living person, available as an inner guide, the voice of the divine, inviting each of us to our individual completeness. We Embody the Grail The genealogical Quest for the Grail shares something in common with the quest for the Philosopher's Stone, which forms itself. The magic of genealogy as the magic of the Stone is in the seeking after it. The Grail is our own transformation. We are filled by the Grail when we point ourselves toward it. The Grail serves the whole community. In Hymn to an Unknown God, Sam Keen says, "The voice that calls us forth and inspires us to undertake the journey is always specific. So long as we respond to the needs of our world by offering both our compassion and our skill, we will not fall into despair at the overwhelming quantity of need. The spiritual life is based on a refusal to despair that arises from concerned action and humble agnosticism. We don't know enough to despair. Despair is hidden arrogance -- I have seen the future, and it doesn't work. Hope is rooted in trust in the Unknown God. We do not know the final destiny of the individual soul or the commonwealth of beings; therefore we work, wait, and hope. and it is enough." The quest for the Grail is the quest for the awakened and aware spiritual consciousness. If the myth of seeking the Grail is the story of facing challenges as you follow your bliss, the myth of the attainment of the Grail has a different significance. We have successfully undertaken the first few steps of our perilous journey, learned enough about ourselves to go deeper within. Now we enter the Wasteland. Now we come to the source of our life challenges. We are now face to face with the Wounded King – the Wounded Self. Now is the time to take on Percival's task, with its mysterious question, "What ails thee?" Like Percival, we may find it hard to look at our Wounded Self honestly enough to ask this question. From my own journal: The Percival version of the Grail myth is primarily a story of a failed opportunity to bless. If we lack the courage to look at our wounds and see the desolation around us, our quest for spiritual fulfillment will fail. When we can look at the Wounded Self and ask the questions that begin to heal us, we are blessed with the vision of the unveiled Grail, the deep love of the sacred that nourishes the soul. It is the lessons of our wounds that make us strong. "No one whose beauty is from birth ever equaled that of the Grail Guardian coming out of his sickness." (9) We generally have the compassion to look at the ills of others and to help them if we can. It is asking the question of ourselves that is hard, and that, I think, is the meaning of this myth. There is a fear that comes over us, like the deeply ingrained "thou shalt not" that kept Percival from asking his instinctive question at first. We instinctively know that we have to look at our pain – indeed, we must touch it, embrace it – in order to heal it, but it is far easier to look away, to refuse the adventure. Why would we not look within? Again, we look to the myths for guidance. Different versions give us different reasons for Percival's failure. The seeker simply fell asleep before he could ask – mundane exhaustion may keep us from taking on the kind of honest inner searching that could heal us. The seeker fell into a trance – perhaps we are numbing ourselves with drugs or distractions rather than facing our wounds. The seeker was placed in a trance by the Wounded King himself – perhaps we are not in a good place to confront the causes of our inner Wasteland; perhaps we need to gain more wisdom through other trials first. "It is death to touch the holy things unprepared..." (10) In most versions, when the seeker fails in the quest, there is no blame laid on him. Indeed, the seeker usually does not even know there was a test happening at all, or that the Grail was within reach. So we come unknowing to places in our lives where we have a chance for breakthrough. Perhaps entering the soul's Wasteland can be seen as a sign that we are near the Grail. Perhaps our grief and pain can only carry us so far, back to pain's home, and then we must surrender to the path of bliss. When Percival has achieved his task, he is told, "In youth you courted Sorrow... Joy will now take you from her." (11) The theme of sorrow runs all through the Grail myths, "the persistent recurrence in these stories of a weeping maiden or maidens, the cause of whose grief is never made clear." (12) This is not a rollicking adventure of knights and their valiant deeds. Each obstacle is a blow to the ego, the heart or the soul. Each task undertaken in the search for spiritual wholeness will challenge to the very depth of our beings. At the beginning of their bliss-quest, the knights entered the forest at its most mysterious point, because what was known well to them was obviously not the source of spiritual breakthrough. On our own quest for healing, we must also look where we haven't explored before. We are each the Wounded King. We must have the courage to expose our wounds that they may be cleansed and healed. And we are each Percival. We must follow through on the instinctive generosity of a loving heart that cares for others, and care for ourselves with the same gentle compassion. We must dwell in the castle of the Wounded Self, the place where compassion joins courage, and the waters of the Grail are bestowed. The quest for the Grail is not a quest to win love, but a quest to give love. This is the message of all cups – to give. A cup may have water poured into it, but only holds it until it may again be bestowed. Each of us guards the Grail; as we heal our Wounded Selves with the waters of compassion, we add to the healing of the Wasteland that threatens all creation. Seek the Grail within you, and carry its waters to those in need of its blessing. The Wasteland will be transformed by your courage and your love. (c)2015-2016; All Rights Reserved, Iona Miller iona_m@yahoo.com This site contains copyrighted material the use of which has not always been specifically authorized by the copyright owner. We are making such material available in our efforts to advance understanding of environmental, political, human rights, economic, democracy, scientific, and social justice issues, etc. We believe this constitutes a 'fair use' of any such copyrighted material as provided for in section 107 of the US Copyright Law. In accordance with Title 17 U.S.C. Section 107, the material on this site is distributed without profit to those who have expressed a prior interest in receiving the included information for research and educational purposes. If you wish to use copyrighted material from this site for purposes of your own that go beyond 'fair use', you must obtain permission from the copyright owner.	cc/2019-30/en_head_0043.json.gz/line2147
__label__cc	0.608156	0.391844	Category: Chicago Cubs Charlie Bennett Sued by Allegheny Ball-Club After Refusing to Sign Contract for 1883 Season Allegheny Base-Ball Club v. Bennett, 14 Fed. 257 (W.D. Pa. 1882) Charlie Bennett was enjoying a productive 1882 season as the primary catcher for the Detroit Wolverines (NL) when the club traveled to play a series in Worchester, Massachusetts in early August. Before arriving in Worchester, Bennett met secretly with Al Pratt of the Allegheny... Continue Reading → Remembering Ken Hubbs, Cubs Second Baseman As a 20 year-old playing for the Chicago Cubs in 1962, Ken Hubbs hit .260/.299/.346 with five home runs and led the league, unhappily, in strikeouts and grounding into double plays. Ken, however, let his glove do the talking and ended up setting Major League records for consecutive errorless games (78) and chances (418) at... Continue Reading → Lawyer Tony LaRussa Inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame Most people know Tony LaRussa as a Major League manager. It is also widely known that he got his law degree, anticipating that his life in baseball was to be short-lived. What is not as well-known is Tony LaRussa, the Chicago Cub. LaRussa made his major league debut as an 18 year old in 1963... Continue Reading → Revenue Sharing Deal Cubs Struck with Rooftop Owners Holding Up Wrigley Field Renovations During the 2013 baseball season, the City of Chicago approved a $500 million plan to renovate Wrigley Field and build an adjacent office building and hotel. Included in the renovation plan is the proposed construction of a large video board behind the left field bleachers and signs advertising Budweiser behind the right field bleachers. The... Continue Reading → Merkle’s Boner and False Imprisonment The Polo Grounds viewed from "Coogan's Bluff"Talcott v. National Exhibition Co., 144 A.D. 337, 128 N.Y.S. 1059 (2 Dept., 1911)What Was Merkle’s Boner?On September 23, 1908 the Chicago Cubs played the New York Giants at the famed Polo Grounds. Al Bridwell came to bat with two outs and the game tied 1-1 in the bottom... Continue Reading → Chicago Cubs Sue Mark Guthrie to Recover on Payroll Error Chicago National League Ballclub, Inc. v. GuthrieMiddlesex County, Connecticut, MMX-CV04-0104650-SWhat happened?Mark Guthrie was a big lefty reliever who pitched for 8 teams over the course of his 15-year Major League career, which included a World Series victory with the Minnesota Twins in 1991. He played for the Chicago Cubs from 1999 to 2000 and again... Continue Reading →	cc/2019-30/en_head_0043.json.gz/line2151
__label__wiki	0.689155	0.689155	নির্বাহী পরিষদ/২০১১-১৬/en উইকিমিডিয়া বাংলাদেশ থেকে Following persons had been appointed as the first (also) Executive Committee members of Wikimedia Bangladesh for the term of 2011-16. Munir Hasan President Munir Hasan is an information technology consultant and open-source software activist. After graduating from Bangladesh University of Science and Technology, he worked there for more than a decade. Later on he moved into Prime Minister's Office as ICT consultant. Currently he works for Ministry of Science and Information & Communication Technology of Bangladesh Government. He is also the Secretary of Bangladesh Math Olympiad Committee, and helped to reach the event in the way it is now. As the secretary of Bangladesh Open Source Network, he is working on promoting Bengali Wikipedia since 2005. He is a founding member of Wikimedia Bangladesh and currently serving as the President. E-mail: munir.hasan bdosn.org Tanvir Rahman Secretary Tanvir Rahman is a university student. He was introduced to Wikipedia in February 2009 during an off-line Bengali Wikipedia campaign at Ekushey Book Fair. Few months later, he started contributing to Bengali Wikipedia. He is an administrator at Bengali Wikipedia and Wiktioanry and in few other Wikimedia projects. Globally he is a Wikimedia steward. Since 2010, he has been working on several on-line and off-line campaigns and events to promote Wikipedia and other Wikimedia projects all over Bangladesh. He is a founding member of Wikimedia Bangladesh and currently serving as the Secretary. E-mail: wikitanvir gmail.com Ali Haidar Khan Treasurer Ali Haidar Khan (Tonmoy) completed Bachelor in Business Administration from Finance Department of University of Dhaka. Currently he is working in a Financial Institution. He started using Wikipedia from 2004 for educational purpose, but started contributing in 2008 on Bengali Wikipedia and on Meta by helping with translation stuffs. He is also involved in English Wikipedia and some other Wikimedia projects as well as in several off-line wiki campaigns for Bengali Wikipedia & Wikimedia Foundation projects. Currently he is an ex-member and ex-Vice Chair of Wikimedia Foundation's Funds Dissemination Committee. He also served in the FDC Advisory Group of Wikimediation Foundation as a member. He aims at bringing Bengali Wikipedia amongst the top 10 Wikipedias in the world by increasing the number of active users and quality articles. He is a founding member of Wikimedia Bangladesh and currently serving as the Treasurer. E-mail: tonmoy.du gmail.com Ragib Hasan Member Ragib Hasan is a Computer Scientist and an Assistant Professor at the Department of Computer and Information Sciences at the University of Alabama at Birmingham. He has been associated with the Wikipedia movement since 2004. He is an administrator in the English Wikipedia since 2005 and an administrator and bureaucrat at the Bengali Wikipedia since 2006. Over the years he has conducted extensive media campaigns to popularize Wikipedia and to encourage new contributors. He earned a Ph.D. and an M.S. - both in computer science - from the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, and a B.Sc. in Computer Science and Engineering from Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology. He is a founding member of Wikimedia Bangladesh and currently serving as a Member in the Executive Committee. E-mail: ragibhasan gmail.com Mayeenul Islam Member Mayeenul Islam is Graphics Designer and Web Developer professional based in Dhaka. Besides Bengali Wikipedia, he is also active in Commons, Meta, Bengali Wiktionary and English Wikipedia since January 2010. From the very beginning of his on-line contribution, he has been helping to promote Bengali Wikipedia in his surroundings. He collected many freely licensed photographs and images, audio files, documents by his own interests, and also managed permission to release in some cases. Moreover he often writes blogs to attract more people to Wikipedia. He feels for nature and environment, works to keep it clean and comfortable, and wants the same for everybody, a good eco-friendly world. He is a founding member of Wikimedia Bangladesh and currently serving as a Member in the Executive Committee. E-mail: wz.islam gmail.com Shabab Mustafa Member Shabab Mustafa is working on popularizing Bengali computing since 2006, and working with the support team of Avro Bengali Keyboard from the same time. He is familiar with Wikipedia since 2005, organized few off-line Wikipedia events, most notably the first photo-walk event in Dhaka. He is a veteran open source software activist, working on popularizing Linux-based operating systems and open source softwares since 2008. He is a member of Ubuntu Bangladesh LoCo team and has been working on Bengali localization of open source softwares and operation systems. He is a student of Applied Accounting and works as a freelance web developer. He enjoys meditation, traveling, and reading. He is a founding member of Wikimedia Bangladesh and currently serving as a Member in the Executive Committee. E-mail: shabab.mustafa gmail.com Nasir Khan Member Nasir Khan Saikat is an undergraduate student, studying computer science and engineering at United International University. He is active in different open source software promotion and localization projects and maintain a support group for open source software users in Bangladesh. As the Wikipedia is aligned with the other open source philosophy, he got involved with it too. From the beginning he is more active in offline activities rather than the editing. He has arranged and conducted several workshops on Wikipedia and other types of offline events. He is a founding member of Wikimedia Bangladesh and currently serving as a Member in the Executive Committee. E-mail: nasir8891 gmail.com Tarif Ezaz Member Tarif Ezaz is a B.Sc. student at North South University, Dhaka. He knew about Wikipedia from a newspaper article. Although he started with contributing to English Wikipedia, but later he moved to Bengali Wikipedia, and started contributing there regularly. Along with his on-line contributions he is also enjoys works related to off-line Wikipedia promotions. He has also arranged and directed several Wikipedia workshops in Dhaka. He is a founding member of Wikimedia Bangladesh and currently serving as a Member in the Executive Committee. E-mail: tarif.ezaz gmail.com Tanweer Morshed Member Tanweer Morshed is a bachelor student at Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology. He started contributing on English Wikipedia in 2009. Later he felt insufficiency of information in Bengali in the Internet and started contributing on Bengali Wikipedia. Now-a-days he primarily works on Bengali Wikipedia. He also works in Wikimedia Commons and attended several off-line Bengali Wikipedia promoting events in Dhaka. He is a founding member of Wikimedia Bangladesh and currently serving as a Member in the Executive Committee. E-mail: wiki.tanweer gmail.com 'https://bd.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=নির্বাহী_পরিষদ/২০১১-১৬/en&oldid=3346' থেকে আনীত বিষয়শ্রেণী: নির্বাহী পরিষদ নিজস্ব সরঞ্জামসমূহ আপনি সংযুক্ত নন আলাপ দৃষ্টিকোণ পড়ুন ইতিহাস দেখুন পরিভ্রমণ প্রধান পাতা উইকিবার্তা দান করুন গঠনতন্ত্র উপদেষ্টা পরিষদ কার্যনির্বাহী পরিষদ কারিগরি দল নিবন্ধিত সদস্যবৃন্দ রেজোলিউশন নির্বাহী পরিষদের বৈঠক আর্থিক প্রতিবেদন অন্যান্য কার্যক্রম সহপ্রকল্প উইকি সাম্প্রতিক পরিবর্তন ছাপার যোগ্য সংস্করণ সরঞ্জাম সংযোগকারী পাতাসমূহ সম্পর্কিত পরিবর্তন বিশেষ পাতাসমূহ এই পাতাটি উদ্ধৃত করুন সংক্ষিপ্ত ইউআরএল এই পাতা শেষ সম্পাদিত হয়েছে ০১:৩৯টার সময়, ২৬ সেপ্টেম্বর ২০১৭ তারিখে। লেখাগুলো ক্রিয়েটিভ কমন্স অ্যাট্রিবিউশন/শেয়ার-আলাইক লাইসেন্সের আওতাভুক্ত; এর সাথে বাড়তি শর্ত প্রযোজ্য হতে পারে। এই সাইট ব্যবহার করার মাধ্যমে, আপনি এটি ব্যবহারের শর্তাবলী ও এর গোপনীয়তা নীতির সাথে সম্মত হচ্ছেন। উইকিমিডিয়া বাংলাদেশ বৃত্তান্ত দাবিত্যাগ	cc/2019-30/en_head_0043.json.gz/line2153
__label__cc	0.636271	0.363729	TN Visa Extensions & Changes Amending TN Visa Status In certain instances a new TN visa application may have to be filed to notify the U.S. government of changes in a TN visa worker's employment. While most other non-immigrant visa classifications provide more detailed regulations as to when a new application must be filed to reflect any changes in an individual's employment, the TN regulations provide very little guidance. The regulations do state that a new application must be filed in the event of a TN visa worker's transfer to a separately incorporated subsidiary or affiliate of the original petitioning employer (transfers to branches or offices of the same employer do not require a new TN). 8 C.F.R. § 214.6 (i) (3). The regulations also state that an individual may continue to be admitted to the U.S. for the remainder of his/her TN I-94 without a new application “provided the original intended professional activities and employer(s) have not changed.” 8 C.F.R. § 214.6 (g) (1). The legacy INS NAFTA Handbook provides a general rule as to what may trigger the need to file an amended TN application: “The petitioner shall immediately notify the Service of any changes in the terms and conditions of employment of a beneficiary which may effect eligibility under Section 214(e) of the Act or Sec. 214.6. An amended petition should be filed when the petitioner continues to employ the beneficiary. If the petitioner no longer employs the beneficiary, the petitioner shall send a letter explaining the change(s) to the director who approved the petition.” Based on the NAFTA Handbook then, any changes that may call into question a TN visa worker's meeting of the main requirements for TN visa status may require the filing of a new TN application. I-129 Petition Mail-in Option A citizen of Mexico or Canada may amend his/her TN visa status by filing an I-129 petition by mail to the U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services. The I-129 petition process eliminates the need for a TN visa worker to depart the U.S. and apply for a new TN at the border (Canadian citizens) or at the U.S. Embassy (Mexican citizens) in order to amend his/her employment authorization under TN visa status. The I-129 petition process requesting an amendment of status will have much of the same requirements as the I-129 petition process for an extension of status. Amending TN Status at the Border/U.S. Embassy As an alternative to using Form I-129, TN visa workers may also "amend" their TN status by filing an application at the U.S. port-of-entry (Canadians) or at the U.S. Embassy/Consulate. This process will generally involve the same steps and documentation required for an initial TN visa application. Citizens of Mexico may be able to avoid the interview requirement in certain scenarios when "renewing" TN visa stamps at the U.S. Embassy/Waiver. TN Visa Amendment Articles. Revised Oct. 13, 2014.	cc/2019-30/en_head_0043.json.gz/line2154
__label__cc	0.676375	0.323625	Protected Conversations – Will they Help? The Enterprise and Regulatory Reform Bill is being scrutinised by Parliamentary committee all this week. Under proposed legislative reforms the Government has said that employers will be able to have “protected conversations” with their employees to try and negotiate exit terms before dismissing them and those conversations will not be able to be relied upon by the employee in any subsequent unfair dismissal claim. In reality, such conversations already frequently take place and the issue of whether or not they can be relied upon in subsequent tribunal hearings is often a moot point on the basis that the conversations almost always result in a settlement governed by a compromise agreement – in future to be called a “settlement agreement”. Therefore, as with many of the proposed changes put forward by the Government with a view to appeasing business, I cannot see how, in any practical way, things will change. Indeed, it is already the case that such conversations can be protected under the ordinary “without prejudice” rule. If the parties are already in dispute, even if the dismissal has not yet taken place, then the employer can enter into such negotiations on a “without prejudice” basis, knowing that such negotiations cannot then be relied upon in any future court or tribunal proceedings. However, the Government wishes to add a new section 111A to the Employment Rights Act 1996: 111A Confidentiality of negotiations before termination of employment (1) In determining any matter arising on a complaint under section 111 [an unfair dismissal claim], an employment tribunal may not take account of any offer made or discussions held, before the termination of the employment in question, with a view to it being terminated on terms agreed between the employer and the employee. This is subject to the following provisions of this section. (2) Subsection (1) does not apply where, according to the complainant’s case, the circumstances are such that a provision (whenever made) contained in, or made under, this or any other Act requires the complainant to be regarded for the purposes of this Part as unfairly dismissed. (3) In relation to anything said or done which in the tribunal’s opinion was improper, or was connected with improper behaviour, subsection (1) applies only to the extent that the tribunal considers just. (4) The reference in subsection (1) to a matter arising on a complaint under section 111 includes any question as to costs, except in relation to an offer made on the basis that the right to refer to it on any such question is reserved. (5) Subsection (1) does not prevent the tribunal from taking account of a determination made in any other proceedings between the employer and the employee in which account was taken of an offer or discussions of the kind mentioned in that subsection.” What this means in simple terms is that the conversations will only be protected in claims of ordinary unfair dismissal. The conversations will not be protected in claims of: automatically unfair dismissal (such as for whistle-blowing etc) where the conduct of the employer has been “improper” It’s going to be interesting to see what happens in reality as any legally represented Claimant who wants to rely on a pre-dismissal conversation (which is not protected by the “without prejudice” rule) will no doubt advance multiple claims, with the unfair dismissal being but one of them. Indeed, even a simple constructive dismissal is frequently both wrongful (i.e. a dismissal in breach of contract) and an unfair. In that case, will the employee be able to rely on any pre-dismissal conversations? Quite possibly. I am also looking forward to hearing the arguments about what amounts to “improper conduct” in such circumstances. No doubt employees will try and advance that argument in every case. My feelings about these proposed changes are that they will unnecessarily complicate even simple tribunal claims, resulting in even more unnecessary time spent by lawyers arguing over technical points. The Government wants to free up tribunals and promote early settlement, but I can see this going only one way – increasing the length and cost of proceedings. Employers and employees who want to reach early settlement of disputes are already well able to do so and therefore these changes will, in my view, affect only those who would have ended up in tribunal anyway and will affect them negatively. Filed under Employment Law Tagged with business, compromise agreements, discrimination, dispute resolution, Employment Law, employment law; tribunal claims; unfair dismissal; litigation, protected conversations, unfair dismissal, workplace disputes Try to be flexible about flexible working An employer struggling in this present economic climate might be relieved when an employee makes a request to work part-time thereby reducing the employer’s overheads. However, not all businesses embrace flexible working. Employers should nevertheless think twice before refusing a request to work flexibly. Take the following example: John is a senior accountant at a big accounting firm in London. He has been with the firm for a number of years. John’s wife, Jane, who is a corporate partner in a law firm, has recently had a baby boy, Jack. Due to the nature of Jane’s job, John and Jane have decided that it would be best for John to work part-time to look after their son. Following Jane’s maternity leave, John therefore makes a request to his firm to work part-time to care for Jack. Does John have a right to request flexible working? If his firm do not want one of their male senior accountants to work part-time can they simply refuse his request? The statutory right to request flexible working now extends to: an employee who wants to work flexibly to care for a child who is under 17 years old (or 18 years old if the child is disabled) and who is either the child’s mother, father, adoptive parent, guardian or foster parent or the spouse, civil partner or partner of the child’s mother, father, adopter, guardian or foster parent; and an employee who wants to work flexibly to care for an adult who is aged 18 and over who is in need of care and who is married to, or the civil partner or partner of the employee, a relative of the employee or who lives at the same address as the employee. Employees must also have 26 weeks’ continuous service at the date the request is made and must not have made a request to work flexibly during the preceding 12 months. Unless John has made such a request in the previous 12 months, he will therefore be eligible to make a request for flexible working. However, while John’s firm must follow the statutory request procedure, they need only consider John’s request properly and may refuse the request on one of the grounds set out in the flexible working legislation which are as follows: The burden of additional costs. Detrimental effect on ability to meet customer demand. Inability to re-organise work among existing staff. Inability to recruit additional staff. Detrimental impact on quality. Detrimental impact on performance. Insufficiency of work during the periods the employee proposes to work. Planned structural changes. However, while the firm can refuse John’s request on one of the above grounds, that will not prevent John from claiming sex discrimination. John will be able claim direct discrimination if women in his company are regularly allowed to work part-time. Similarly, were the request being made by his wife and she was refused, she would be able to claim indirect sex discrimination if she could show that the requirement to work full-time has a proportionally greater detrimental affect on women than on men and that such a requirement is not objectively justified. Therefore the firm and employers generally do need to consider beyond the business grounds set out in the flexible working legislation to avoid costly claims of sex discrimination. Furthermore, it would be unwise for the employer to simply cite “additional costs burden” or “detrimental impact on quality” without actually going into the detail of what the impact will actually be and whether there are alternatives which may work for both the employee and the business. If you are an employee seeking to make a flexible working request, you need to consider carefully what your employer’s objections are likely to be so that you can consider possible solutions to the problems envisaged. Similarly, if you are the employer, it is useful to approach any request with as open a mind as possible as it may be that a new way of working could actually be beneficial to the business overall. Filed under Employment Law Tagged with discrimination, Employment Law, flexible working Blowing the Whistle Except for dismissals which are deemed to be “automatically unfair”, employees must have at least 12 months’ continuous employment in order to qualify for unfair dismissal protection. One such automatically unfair reason for dismissal is because someone has made a “protected disclosure” otherwise known as “whistleblowing”, and this applies to constructive as well as actual dismissal. For this reason, some canny employees who realise that they are at risk of being fired for poor performance (or some other reason) during the first year of employment, make allegations of wrongdoing to their employers and then when they are subsequently dismissed they try and invoke the whistleblowing protection. This is naturally something which is of concern to employers, particularly as there is no cap on the level of compensation which can be awarded to someone who has been dismissed for making a protected disclosure. However, employees who wish to use this ploy* should beware as the protection is only afforded if (a) the disclosure was made in good faith and (b) if the disclosure was the reason (or main reason) for the dismissal. Furthermore, once the employer has established that the employee has not been employed for a sufficient period to claim ordinary unfair dimissal then the burden of proof is on the employee to show that the reason for the dismissal was because he made a protected disclosure and not some other reason. The following disclosures are qualifying disclosures: 1. that a criminal offence has been committed, is being committed or is likely to be committed; 2. that a person has failed, is failing or is likely to fail to comply with any legal obligation to which he is subject 3. that a miscarriage of justice has occurred, is occurring or is likely to occur; 4. that the health or safety of any individual has been, is being or is likely to be endangered; 5. that the environment has been, is being or is likely to be damaged; or 6. that information tending to show any matter falling within any one of the preceding paragraphs has been, or is likely to be deliberately concealed. However, if the employer can establish that the employee did not make the disclosure in good faith then the employee’s claim will fail. So what does it mean to make a disclosure in good faith? The point is illustrated clearly in the case of Street v Derbyshire Unemployed Workers’ Centre [2004]. In this case the Claimant was employed as an adminstrator for Derbyshire. In May 2000 she wrote to the treasurer of the borough council making various allegations against a colleague, a Mr Hampton. The matters she raised were eventually investigated and Mr Hampton was exonerated of any wrongdoing. The employers then commenced disciplinary proceedings against Mrs Street which resulted in her being dismissed for gross misconduct and breach of trust. Mrs Street claimed that she had been dismissed for making protected disclosures and that her dismissal, therefore, was automatically unfair. This case went all the way to the Court of Appeal and it was held that Mrs Street’s claim must fail because even though Mrs Street reasonably believed in the substantial truth of her allegations; even though she had not made the disclosures for personal gain and even though it had been reasonable for her to make the disclosures, the Court of Appeal (and the earlier tribunals) found that her disclosure had been motivated by her personal antagonism towards Mr Hampton and that this meant that it was not made in good faith. *This article is assuming that the employee is reporting the wrongdoing to his employer. Other hurdles may need to be overcome if the employee makes the disclosure to another prescribed person. Filed under Employment Law Tagged with discrimination, dismissal, Employment Law, employment tribunal claims, whistleblowing I’m a fantastic boss, how can I possibly be being sued for sex discrimination? Most employers these days, if asked, would say that they treat everyone fairly and that they don’t discriminate. Almost without exception, when I am instructed by companies both large and small who have been sued for unlawful discrimination, (whether it be sex, race, disability or other form of discrimination), the very first thing I get from the client is a sense of outrage that the former employee has had the audacity to pursue such a claim. There is almost always an immediate refusal to consider even the possibility of reaching a settlement and the stance is usually that the person pursuing the claim is a villain and that his or her claim must be defended as a matter of principle at any cost. Of course, that is good news for me as clearly a claim which settles quickly is going to result in far less time and expense on legal fees for the client than one which is fought all the way to the employment tribunal. However, I will usually try to get the client to see the facts of the case from the point of view of the former employee and to see how seemingly innocuous events can be interpreted in a far more sinister way. Andy is a senior manager in a company. Andy is 40 and is married to Kate who is a full-time Mum to Andy’s two children who are aged 3 and 5. Andy loves his kids but doesn’t really have to worry about them too much as Kate takes care of their day to day needs. Andy has a good sense of humour and loves a bit of office banter. Andy sees the company as being very collegiate and friendly and works hard to maintain that atmosphere. Andy is big on fostering a team sprit and organises team get togethers and outings frequently in order to try and keep the cohesion in the department. Andy sees himself as being a really good and supportive boss. Andy is a huge fan of a Tottenham Hotspurs. Alex, 35 and single, who has recently joined Andy’s team is also a long time Tottenham Hotspurs supporter. Andy is delighted to have someone to moan about their pathetic performance this season with. Andy is also pleased to note that Alex enjoys going for a few drinks after work as Andy thinks that after work bonding is key to having a successful department. Another member of Andy’s team is Sam. Sam has been with the company for about 6 years and has always done well. She has never had a bad appraisal. Sam has a young family so doesn’t really like to go out much after work as she needs to be home to look after her kids. Andy understands and, in fact, recently agreed to a flexible working arrangement, on a trial basis. Andy has also been trying to cut Sam a bit more slack on the client facing front so he’s started taking Alex with him to client meetings and on client entertaining events rather than inviting Sam. Andy thinks that he is demonstrating what a caring boss he is. Alex is now getting to meet lots of clients and is performing really well. Andy is delighted and decides to invite Alex to pitch to a really important new client. This is a fantastic opportunity for Alex as he’s only been with the company for 6 months and this sort of pitch would normally go to someone more senior. However, Andy is really keen to support Alex and loves his enthusiasm. Sam is starting to feel sidelined and wonders if it is because she has asked for flexible working. You can see from the above scenario how it wouldn’t take much for Sam to go from simply feeling sidelined to feeling like she was being pushed out and discriminated against. However, I’m sure you can also see how, if Andy were to receive a Tribunal claim for sex discrimination he would be absolutely appalled and probably very angry. When you look at the whole picture, it is very easy to see how and why many claims end up at the Employment Tribunal. Filed under Employment Law Tagged with discrimination, employment tribunal claims, stereotyping	cc/2019-30/en_head_0043.json.gz/line2155
__label__wiki	0.592395	0.592395	Are the Obese Protected from Discrimination on the Grounds of their Weight? Although discrimination on the grounds of someone’s weight is not unlawful for the purposes of the Equality Act 2010 (and nor was it unlawful under the old DDA), nevertheless obese individuals may well fall within the provisions of the Act as a result of other impairments which arise as a result of their obesity. A person has a disability if he has a “physical or mental impairment which has a substantial and long-term effect on his ability to carry out normal day-to-day activities”. Whilst obesity, of itself, cannot be classed as an impairment, in the recent case of Walker v Sita Information Networking Computing Ltd, Mr Walker, as a result of his obesity, had numerous physical and mental conditions (including asthma, chronic fatigue syndrome, knee problems, bowel problems, anxiety and depression), which, as a result of “functional overlay” caused him significant difficulty in his day-to-day life. Functional overlay is defined as “an emotional aspect of an organic disease. It may occur as an overreaction to an illness and is characterized by symptoms that continue long after clinical signs of the disease have ended”. It is not, however, a medical condition. The Employment Tribunal judge at first instance, finding that there was no clear medically defined cause of Mr Walker’s condition, held that he was not disabled. However, The EAT (the President, Mr Justice Langstaff sitting alone) allowed Mr Walker’s appeal. He said that the employment judge had been wrong to focus on the fact that the medical evidence could not identify a physical or mental cause for Mr Walker’s conditions. The cause, he said, was not the issue. The determinative factor was whether Mr Walker had a physical or mental impairment which had a significant effect on his ability to carry out normal day-to-day activities and he clearly had both. The cause of such impairment was not the issue to be determined and the fact that a claimant’s impairment may lack an apparent cause was really a matter of evidence rather than a legal issue. If there is no evident cause of a supposed impairment, then a tribunal may conclude that the claimant does not suffer from it. However, in this case, there was no challenge to the evidence that Mr Walker was suffering from the impairments he complained of. Mr Justice Langstaff concluded that: Obesity does not of itself render a claimant disabled. However, it might make it more likely that they are. On an evidential basis, a tribunal might conclude more readily that an obese claimant suffers from an impairment or a condition such as diabetes. Further, the obesity might affect the length of time for which the impairment is likely to last (with regard to whether the impairment has a “long-term effect”). Where an obese individual is determined to lose weight, and a tribunal could conclude that they will reduce their weight to normal levels within a year, this might mean that impairments connected with the obesity might not be considered “long-term” for discrimination purpose. Whilst on the face of it this looks like a case of weight discrimination being brought in by the back door, in fact it is no different from the current position whereby, for example, an alcoholic could be protected from discrimination not because of his alcoholism (an excluded condition) but because of, for example, associated liver disease. Employers might, however, want to consider helping their employees to live a healthier lifestyle and one way might be to stop the tradition which exists in many companies of staff bringing in cakes when it’s their birthdays! Filed under Employment Law Tagged with business, discrimination, Employment Law, equality, obesity, weight	cc/2019-30/en_head_0043.json.gz/line2156
__label__wiki	0.978598	0.978598	Art & Architecture Vancouver’s Presentation House keeps its edge in new Polygon Gallery Vancouver's Presentation House keeps its edge in Polygon Gallery After showing significant artwork in a ramshackle space for decades, the B.C. institution has new digs in a glass-and-steel oceanfront beauty People walk past the new Polygon Gallery in North Vancouver, B.C. on Oct. 16, 2017. Darryl Dyck/The Globe and Mail Marsha Lederman Published October 17, 2017 Updated November 12, 2017 It's a bleak, rainy day in North Vancouver but it's bright in here, this new gallery space on the waterfront. It's the skylights, the gallery lighting and the white walls, for sure. But it's also the art that's being hung – and everything it represents. This is a premier gallery space at the soon-to-open Polygon Gallery, formerly Presentation House. On Saturday, nearly a month before its inaugural exhibition, the Polygon will fling open its glass doors for the first time, installed with works to be auctioned to raise money for the gallery. The works were donated by artists from around the world, at the request of auction chair Stan Douglas. The Vancouver-based, internationally renowned artist secured some impressive works, sending out about 100 letters to artists who have exhibited it at Presentation House, and others he knows. "People were very generous," Douglas says. "The gallery has a good amount of respect internationally, people know it. Even though it didn't have a great facility to start with, they always did really high-quality exhibitions." It's hard to imagine a more drastic change in circumstances for a cultural facility. Before this 2,300-square-metre oceanfront glass-and-steel beauty was erected as the Polygon, its former home a few blocks up the hill, Presentation House, could be a shock to first-time visitors. "When I went to my first exhibition there … I found it hard to believe that a gallery with such a stellar reputation was operating in very small and shabby quarters," Michael Audain, the visual art-collecting philanthropist, told The Globe and Mail when his lead gift was announced. Nomi Stricker, left, Simon Bermeo-Ehmann and gallery manager Diane Evans hang a print of a Thomas Struth photograph taken at Moscow Station in St. Petersburg, in preparation for an auction of major photographic works. A former school house, city hall, police station and justice building (the boardroom was a former jail cell, complete with inmate-carved graffiti) – before it became a gallery, museum and theatre, the Presentation House Cultural Society building was opened in 1976 by prime minister Pierre Trudeau. (Polygon director and curator Reid Shier is hoping Justin Trudeau will do the same honours for the new building when it opens in November.) The community art space was later reimagined as a photo-based institution. There was a Richard Avedon show in 1983. The gallery continued to show important work, but in that ramshackle space, for decades. The new Polygon seems to have come together quickly, especially in a place where the Vancouver Art Gallery has been trying to move for well over a decade (it's been more than two years since the VAG revealed its design for a new gallery with a promised groundbreaking in 2017). But the discussions go back more than 25 years. When Shier was hired from Toronto's Power Plant in 2006, it was with a mandate to move the gallery. Real momentum began to build in about 2010, with the gallery considering different locations. In 2011, a feasibility study was conducted to test fundraising capacity. That proved successful, and the City of North Vancouver made a $2.6-million commitment, including a $500,000 advance to begin the design process. It also coughed up the prime land. "It is an extraordinary act of civic imagination and trust, in my view. It just wouldn't have happened without them," Shier says. The design firm Patkau Architects was hired and, in 2014, Audain made the lead gift – $2-million from his foundation and $2-million from the company he founded, Polygon Homes. The federal and provincial governments each gave $2.5-million. The first feasibility study imagined a cost of $12-million. When the design process began, that increased to $15-million. By groundbreaking, the goal was increased to $20-million – $18-million for the building and a $2-million endowment. Heading into this weekend's fundraising event – they're calling it First Night – they've raised just over $18.1-million. "We're close enough that certainly the proceeds from the auction would help push us over the finish line," Shier says. The auction features work by renowned local and international artists including large-scale lightboxes by B.C.-based photographers Rodney Graham and Dana Claxton, as well as U.S. conceptual artist Christopher Williams and German photographer Thomas Struth. The first lot is Douglas's 2015 work, Lazy Bay, a large-scale masterpiece of darkness and light representing a historic area in North Vancouver once populated with fishing shacks – including, most famously, one occupied by Under the Volcano author Malcolm Lowry. Douglas's work has photographic elements but was pieced together based on research and constructed using sophisticated software. Different photographic practices are represented in the auction, including collage and photograms. "The whole range of what can be done with the photographic medium is on display," Douglas says. Shier says the calibre of work in the auction allows the new building to shine. "The dream was something like this," he says, standing in the gallery this week. "The level of artistry, and the professionalism, the quality that's in here right now speaks to the history of the institution." First Night at the Polygon Gallery is Oct. 21. The gallery opens Nov. 18 with the show N. Vancouver. Follow Marsha Lederman on Twitter @marshalederman GOP support for Trump rises after 'go back' tweet: poll 2:20 Drug kingpin 'El Chapo' gets life sentence in U.S. 2:32 U.S. prepares for 'major heat wave' 1:02 Schitt's Creek breaks into Emmy nominations 1:56 Ursula von der Leyen elected to top EU job 1:24	cc/2019-30/en_head_0043.json.gz/line2158
__label__wiki	0.950699	0.950699	Canada Globe Unfounded investigation wins international data journalism award Globe Unfounded investigation wins international data journalism award Nicole Xu/The Globe and Mail MIRIAM KATAWAZI Published June 22, 2017 Updated June 23, 2017 The Globe and Mail has won an international data journalism award for its Unfounded series investigating how Canadian police services handle sexual-assault cases. "We are profoundly grateful for the global recognition we have received from Vienna," The Globe's editor-in-chief David Walmsley said. "At The Globe and Mail we realize we have a responsibility to produce the best journalism and to deliver it across borders. The investigation, Unfounded, stands as the global benchmark for 2017." The Data Journalism Awards, organized by the Global Editors Network, recognized the Unfounded team – Robyn Doolittle, Laura Blenkinsop, Jeremy Agius, Rick Cash, Stephanie Chambers, Terra Ciolfe, Michael Pereira and Shengqing Wu – for having the best data-driven investigation, which shed light "on a significant abuse of power or failure to uphold the public interest." Read more: Why police dismiss 1 in 5 sexual assault claims as baseless The 20-month investigation collected data from about 175 police forces in Canada and found that one in five people who reported sexual assault to police had their case dismissed as "unfounded" – a code used when an investigating officer believes an allegation is baseless and that no crime occurred. The data showed that sexual-assault complaints are nearly twice as likely to be designated unfounded as physical assault allegations. Robyn Doolittle explains the background of the Globe and Mail's Unfounded investigation into police handling of sexual assault allegations. The series won the international Data Journalism Awards for best investigation after spurring major shifts in public policy and new reviews from police services. Following the investigation, the federal government announced $100-million to combat gender-based violence. The ministers in charge of Public Safety, Justice and Status of Women promised better oversight, training and policies and to date, 54 police services – about a third of the country's forces – have committed to auditing thousands of sexual-assault cases going back to 2010. The Data Journalism Awards are the first international awards recognizing outstanding work in the field of data journalism worldwide. Shortlisted nominees for this year's award for best data-driven investigation included the the New York Times, der Spiegel, and The Guardian Australia. Last year, the honour was awarded to the International Consortium of Investigative Journalists for the Panama Papers project. Unfounded: Police dismiss 1 in 5 sexual assault claims as baseless, Globe investigation reveals What it's like to report a sexual assault: 36 people share their stories Unfounded: How Canadian police forces co-ordinated one response to The Globe’s queries	cc/2019-30/en_head_0043.json.gz/line2159
__label__cc	0.656005	0.343995	Bible > Pictures > Ezekiel 40:41 Ezekiel 40:41 Four tables were on this side, and four tables on that side, by the side of the gate; eight tables, whereupon they slew their sacrifices. KJV: Four tables were on this side, and four tables on that side, by the side of the gate; eight tables, whereupon they slew their sacrifices. DRB: Four tables were on this side, and four tables on that side: at the sides of the gate were eight tables, upon which they slew the victims. DBT: four tables on this side, and four tables on that side, by the side of the gate, eight tables, whereon they slew the sacrifice, ERV: Four tables were on this side, and four tables on that side, by the side of the gate; eight tables, whereupon they slew the sacrifices. WBT: Four tables were on this side, and four tables on that side, by the side of the gate; eight tables, upon which they slew their sacrifices. WEB: Four tables were on this side, and four tables on that side, by the side of the gate; eight tables, whereupon they killed [the sacrifices]. YLT: four tables are on this side, and four tables on that side, at the side of the gate, eight tables on which they slaughter. Ezekiel 40:41 NIV • Ezekiel 40:41 NLT • Ezekiel 40:41 ESV • Ezekiel 40:41 NASB • Ezekiel 40:41 KJV • Ezekiel 40:41 Interlinear • Ezekiel 40:41 Commentaries • Ezekiel 40:41 Parallel Texts • Ezekiel 40:41 Bible Apps • Ezekiel 40:41 Parallel • Bible Hub	cc/2019-30/en_head_0043.json.gz/line2161
__label__cc	0.564809	0.435191	‘Widow of Windsor’ saved for the nation Weary-eyed but defiant, a marble bust of Queen Victoria has been saved for the nation for just over £1 million. The sculpture, carved by Sir Alfred Gilbert between 1887-89, was commissioned by The Army and Navy Club in celebration of Queen Victoria’s Golden Jubilee. It also marked the end of her period of mourning following the death of Prince Albert. When the portrait bust sold at a Sotheby’s auction in London to a New York museum it was export-stopped by the UK government. The sombre depiction of the ageing ‘Widow of Windsor’ was held to fulfil all three Waverley criteria: 1. It was deemed closely connected with British history and national life; 2. Of outstanding aesthetic importance; and 3. Of outstanding significance for the study of art. With the export stop in place, the frantic search for a UK buyer to rescue the virtuoso carving began. The Fitzwilliam Museum in Cambridge answered the call. Using a recent bequest together with a National Heritage Memorial Fund grant of over £260,000, it met the £1,077,607 asking price. Gilbert, who is best known for the statute of Eros in London’s Piccadilly Circus, is said to have used his own mother as model for the bust. While Queen Victoria’s face was carved from photographs, Gilbert’s mother posed with drapery around her head and neck to allow the artist to sculpt the Queen’s lace shawl with remarkable realism. The bust has been on display at the Fitzwilliam since 20 June 2018, the 181st anniversary of the day Queen Victoria inherited the throne. A member of the government’s reviewing committee on the export of works of art, Lowell Libson, said the work was “not only an important icon made at the apogee of British power but a complex and hugely sympathetic image”. Posted in: All Articles, Art News Belgians ready their shovels to dig for Ghent masterpiece Bulmers Cider family art theft sparks insurance fraud allegations	cc/2019-30/en_head_0043.json.gz/line2162
__label__wiki	0.954722	0.954722	Piano at Ten Music at Ten: Alexey Yemtsov, piano Saturday, 11th May, 2019 - 10:00 am Bundanoon Soldiers' Memorial Hall Entrance $10. Children under 18 free. Bach-Busoni Toccata, Adagio and Fugue in C Major, BWV 564 Vivaldi-Bach Sicilienne from Concerto in D Minor Op.3 No.11 Chopin Scherzo No.3, Op.39 Ravel Ondine from Gaspard de la Nuit Prokofiev Sonata No.7, Op.83 Alexey Yemtsov is one of the finest pianists of his generation in Australia, playing with powerful virtuosity, technical precision, and tender lyricism. He has performed in London, Tel Aviv and Jerusalem and toured extensively throughout China, Japan, Russia, Ukraine, Australasia and the United States, including a performance for former US President, Bill Clinton. Born in Ukraine, Alexey commenced piano at age of six and gave his first concerto performance at ten. Winning First Prize and the President’s Special Prize in the Horowitz International Piano Competition just two years later, he went on to win First Prize in the International Prokofiev Competition, and was recorded live for the release of the “Great Pianists of the Twentieth Century” Collection (Polygram Classics). He was a Major Prize Winner of the Pozzoli and UNISA International Piano Competitions in 2004 and 2008 respectively. Within Australia, Alexey’s debut with the Sydney Symphony Orchestra performing Rachmaninov Piano Concerto No. 1 under the direction of Vladimir Ashkenazy was received with wide critical acclaim and standing ovations: “scintillating precision and dexterity…The long-breathed passages of lush lyricism were shaped with tender care” (The Australian). Immediately re-invited for the following season, Alexey has since appeared with the Melbourne, Queensland, West Australian and Tasmanian Symphony Orchestras with conductors such as Vladimir Ashkenazy, Oleg Caetani, Sir Mark Elder, Lawrence Foster, Marko Letonja, Vladimir Verbitsky and Simone Young. He toured China as soloist with the Australian Youth Orchestra in 2010. Other international soloist engagements have included concerts with Kiev Camerata and the National Ukrainian Orchestra (Ukraine), I Pomeriggi Musicali di Milano (Italy), and Auckland Philharmonia Orchestra (New Zealand). A regular soloist for Willoughby Symphony Orchestra, Yemtsov was invited to perform for inaugural concerts in its new Sydney residence, the Concourse, earning praise for his “most memorable… splendidly nuanced and admirably virtuosic” performance of Tchaikovsky’s first Piano Concerto (Nicholas Milton conducting). Alexey’s performance of piano concerto by an Australian composer Miriam Hyde with Strathfield Symphony Orchestra has earned him great accolades. In 2013, Alexey returned as soloist with Melbourne Symphony Orchestra in a critically acclaimed performance before an audience of 8,000 patrons: “Pianist Alexey Yemtsov showed a sophisticated musicianship and fiery technique in Bartok’s Piano Concerto No. 3 in C with a clear, precise tone capturing the opening mood… The slow movement contained beautifully measured dialogue between soloist and orchestra, each statement building in intensity. An exciting finale was full of energetic bounce, with Yemtsov scaling the keyboard with dramatic glissandi and flashy octaves.” (The Age) Highlight for the 2016 concert season was performing the Rachmaninov Piano Concerto No. 3 with the Vancouver Symphony Orchestra in Canada, both concerts deserving a rare for the Orpheum Theatre standing ovation: “long on the work’s genuine poetry, with frequent lashings of glassy passage work delivered with clear sound and consistent accuracy. His playing is full of emotion” (Vancouver Sun). Other notable performances for the last several years also included: opening the ‘Resonate’ concert series at the Art Gallery of NSW, performing for the Richard Bonynge Piano Series at the Joan Sutherland Performing Arts Centre, Woodend Winter Music Festival, Music by the Sea Festival, Melba Hall (Melbourne) and several performances throughout Australia, including such venues as Crisp Galleries in Yass, NSW, Lucas Parklands in Montville, QLD. While pursuing his other passion for teaching, Alexey also continues to support charitable foundations with fundraising performances for organisations such as Red Cross International, and Sydney University’s Timor-Leste Fund. © 2019 Arts Bundanoon • Ph: 0401 946 289 • P.O.Box 12, Bundanoon NSW 2578 • info@artsbundanoon.org.au Site built and hosted by orangeweb	cc/2019-30/en_head_0043.json.gz/line2163
__label__wiki	0.713895	0.713895	The United States Power Sector Essay The renewable energy industries of solar and wind power have been vastly increasing over the past decade. Which option is the best? That mostly depends on your geographical location. Obviously, because the wind doesn’t constantly blow everywhere you want to be in an area such as the “wind belt”. This area generally consists of the states bordering the Rocky Mountains and stretching into Iowa at its far eastern boundary. Likewise, the sun doesn’t shine much in areas like Seattle and should be focused in more sunny areas such as deserts or cities like Denver with its 300 plus days of sunshine per year. These two renewable energy sources are making waves in the way some states get their electricity. In 2012, mostly attributed to increases in wind and solar installments, renewable energy accounted for more than 50% of new capacity added. As of 2014 in nine U.S. states 10% of their total electrical production has come from wind power. With production over 20% of the total occurring in Iowa and South Dakota. This is a staggering increasing in a short period of time considering some states doubled capacity in 2012 alone. According to Elizabeth Salerno at the American Wind Energy Association “We are generating enough clean, affordable, American wind energy to power the equivalent of almost 15 million homes, or the number in Colorado, Iowa, Maryland, Michigan, Nevada, and Ohio combined.” In the big picture of things wind energy only produced a measly 3.5% of the nation’s needs in 2012. In 2013, the U.S. surpassed 10 gigawatts of installed solar panel capacity. This accounted for 0.23% of the total U.S. consumption in 2013. This small portion of the total at first glance seems almost insignificant in the big picture. However, thanks to a record year in 2013, the solar industry installed more capacity over an 18 month period than the previous 30 years combined. Solar accounted for 29% of new U.S. capacity in 2013 ranking 2nd behind only natural gas. One innovative new company, SolarCity, has taken the solar industry by storm in recent years and challenged the traditional electric company model as we know it today. SolarCity unlike traditional solar providers installs the solar panels directly on their customer’s residence or commercial building. They handle engineering, financing, permits, installation and ongoing monitoring of their clients systems. Traditionally, electrical companies would have to utilize transmission lines to get their solar power from a plant to the consumer. SolarCity essentially leases the solar panels to the consumer and collects payments from the consumer to finance the installed systems. A huge driving force behind the success of SolarCity has been government tax incentives and low upfront costs for its clients. One potential advantage of a large network of interconnected SolarCity systems. Is that connected homes or businesses could essentially become small power plants each generating a little more than they consume... Find Another Essay On The United States Power Sector The Rise Of A Nation: United States Becomes The Number One Super Power 1165 words - 5 pages The United States experienced many different world events that helped propel it to becoming the world’s super power. From the Monroe Doctrine which would help the United States isolate itself from the Colonialism of the European nations and set itself as the super power of the America’s, to the Spanish American War which ended Spanish rule in the America’s as well as helped the United States acquire its own territories, to the first and second Does the President of the United States Have Power to Kill a Citizen on American Soil? 715 words - 3 pages United States (2013). This is surprising because the checks and balances enumerated in the Constitution spells out a different set of framework. Can the President invoke his right under the Constitution to protect the American people from an “imminent” threat? The enumerated power of the President under the Constitution, Article II, says that the President is Commander-in-chief of the armed forces and through the “advice and consent” of Congress To what extent did soviet policy toward Nicaragua and Cuba during the 1980s confirm the U.S. image of an aggressive, interventionist global power intent on confronting the United States? 2629 words - 11 pages In order to evaluate the United States' continually portrayed image of the Soviet Union as aggressive and interventionist, what merits assessment are the factors involved in determining what constitutes such policy. In the case of direct military intervention, an analysis of the nature of intervention is first and foremost in substantiating whether or not a nation can be defined as aggressive, however, Soviet policy towards neither Nicaragua nor The United States Government 1049 words - 4 pages properly. In many ways, the legislative branch seems to have more power than the executive and judicial branches. The Framers of the Constitution wanted the legislative branch to have more power, which is sustained today in the United States government. The Framers also granted the legislative branch certain powers to give them more authority. The three main powers that enable the legislative branch to have this authority are the abilities to 1289 words - 6 pages Organizational Structure The United States Navy is one of numerous organizations of the military and has been since October 1775. The U.S. Naval has the world's biggest carrier fleet and continues to dominate all dangers pointed at the United States along with the Air Force, Army, Coast Guard, and Marines. I will depict and assess the structure and function inside the United States Navy, contrast it with its fellow branches, and demonstrate its 660 words - 3 pages Throughout the 1800's, The United States went through a giant growth. The population doubled from 39 million to 76 million people. I think that this happened because of the immigrants from Europe and many other places around the world. Another reason why I believe that the population nearly double was an enlarged birth rate. The United States had to take action. They adopted the most liberal land policy in history. At that time, America started Schooling the the United States 1635 words - 7 pages The world we live in is designed to keep people with power in power and the ones without power without power. As we go through our respective schools one thing remains hidden from the ones going through it. What is remaining hidden is their real intent of the school system. Why are the people with power making use go to school in the United States and most of the world. John T. Gatto talks about the real intent off school in his essay Founding of the United States 870 words - 4 pages lasting reforms when he was a governor when he proposed a functional balance of power in the system of governance. He is the one came up with independent separate arms of government which are the executive, judiciary and the legislature. American Economic revolution is a period which United States of America experienced major changes. One of them is the population significantly increased and this helped in providing labor to work in the industries The United States: 1865 - 1917 1329 words - 5 pages new way to expand their territories in foreign markets, so they could absorb the excess of the U.S. goods. However, in a time when France and Great Britain were “the two major imperialist powers,” the U.S. needed a strategy that would help it to compete on the world stage as a global power. As a result, based on ideological arguments, strategy concerns, and economic designs as its main reasons, the United States entered in a new era where its The United States of America 1597 words - 6 pages strength, the U.S. became a world power. The United States and the Soviet Union engaged in a Cold War because the countries were unable to reconcile their different government systems. To stop the spread of communism, United States sent troops to Korea in 1950 and Vietnam in 1965. The Cold War was brought to an end when the Soviet Union collapsed in 1991. While war was occurring in different regions of the world, the African The United States in Decline 2366 words - 9 pages the United States decline as less apocalyptic. He contends that the U.S. has a window of opportunity to shape and master the global landscape by sharing its power rather than reluctantly resisting the inevitable change. He draws a parallel between the once dominant British Hegemon and the United States. This parallel is used to illustrate how good diplomacy and shrewd strategy helped Britain maintain its leading role in the world. However, he The United States As A World Power 3225 words - 13 pages The United States as a World Power:How much longer will the US be thepoliceman of the World ?Juan Valdez??-??-96PoliticsThe United States has been a super power for decades, and since America has always involved themselves in other countries' problems. Instead of isolationism, the country has practiced getting involved. Since the Monroe Presidency, America has been named the World's police force. Dispelling anarchists, and stopping coos, the Who Has The Power In The United States? 1453 words - 6 pages central government’s role as provider of funds. In a federal system, sovereignty is divided between the federal and state governments. Lower units cannot break away from the national unit, and the federal government cannot take away powers from the local governments. (pg. 47-49) Power is retained by local or regional governments in a confederation system. Before the Constitution of the United States was created, the states were the main powerhouse of The United States Central Government: Power Of The Branches 995 words - 4 pages The Founding Fathers knew that our country needed a strong central government. They did not want one part to have more control than another. They came up with the three branches of government to equally spread out the power. Each branch has their own separate duties and roles to make sure our government runs smoothly, and so no one branch can overthrow another. The three branches are Legislative, Executive and Judicial. The Legislative United States Emergence As A World Power 1483 words - 6 pages In the late 19th century, the United States flourished rapidly as a new world power and maintained the most productive economy in the world. Though initially opposed to the idea of expansionism because it seemed inconsistent with American morals and values, interest slowly sparked as all other world powers kept colonial holdings. Eager to prove its newfound authority, the United States panicked as other countries began building their vast The Animalistic Side of Werewolves in Society Human Cloning Could Happen Within 50 Years The Adoption of Corporate Social Responsibility Practices in the Airline Industry The Importance of Degradation in the Fate of Selected Organic Compounds in the Environment Challenges to Manage the Corporate Social Responsibilities Face Assess the Significance of the League Nations Population Data Opens New Global Territory Security in a Post September 11th World Get inspired and start your paper now! © BrightKite.com 2012-2019	cc/2019-30/en_head_0043.json.gz/line2168
__label__wiki	0.814387	0.814387	March 1, 2019 March 4, 2019 Big History Project BHP General, Big Questions A history of the magnetic compass by John Vardalas, BHP Guest Expert Industry Associate Professor, College of Arts & Letters This article originally appeared in The Institute and is also available as a secondary source document on the IEEE REACH website, https://reach.ieee.org. Note from the BHP Team: What can everyday objects teach us about history? This month’s Big Question to look at familiar objects in new ways. We’ve kicked off the conversation with a deep dive into the history of one such object – the magnetic compass. What conditions led to its development? How did the handy navigational tool shift the balance of global power and politics? What later innovations did it inspire? Use the following article to supplement Unit 8 of your BHP course as you dig into themes of global expansion and interconnection. Or – if it’s Little Big History season at your school – treat it as a source of inspiration for uncovering the layers of history of other everyday objects. (For more ideas on how teachers are using this new Big Question article in class, check out this blog post and this conversation in the BHP Online Community!) Eager to make this article and the concepts in it come alive? Don’t miss a chance to chat with the author, John Vardalas, March 4-6, for a BHP Yammer Exchange. This navigational instrument led to advances in trade, military might, and science. Inhospitable as it can be, the sea has played an essential role in human history, and so did that indispensable navigation tool, the magnetic compass. The sea provided the cheapest way to move goods over great distances, generating wealth through trade. Navigating the oceans successfully also played a pivotal role for many countries in gaining political and military power. Along the way, the compass contributed to innovations in physics and electrical engineering. Far from the sight of land, the sea is a seemingly endless, undifferentiated expanse. For most of history, getting lost at sea was a very real danger, often with disastrous consequences. Even when close to land, seafarers can become disoriented in bad weather. For ancient Greek and Roman sailors, weather conditions even limited visibility enough to shorten the sailing season in the Mediterranean Sea. The Roman military writer Publius Flavius Vegetius wrote in the fourth century that travel from June to mid-September was safe, but that sailing any other time was risky. He called the period between mid-November and mid-March mare clausum, or the time when “the seas are closed.” Seafarers adhered to these guidelines until the early 14th century, when the magnetic compass made its first appearance in the Mediterranean. No longer completely dependent on landmarks, the mariner could now find his position relative to Earth’s magnetic field. With the Mediterranean now “open” for most of the year, trade increased substantially, which contributed to the rise of the Italian city-states. Victoria, the sole ship of Magellan’s fleet to complete the circumnavigation. Detail from a map by Ortelius, 1590. Public domain. FIRST APPEARANCES Though the behavior of lodestone, a naturally magnetized piece of the mineral magnetite, was observed by the ancient Greek philosophers Thales of Miletus and Socrates, the evidence is clear that the idea for using it in a compass first appeared in China. There are allusions in the manuscript Wu Ching Tsung Yao, written in 1040, to “an iron fish” suspended in water that pointed to the south. And the earliest reference to a magnetic direction-finding device for land navigation is recorded in a Song Dynasty book dated to 1040-44. In 1088, Song Dynasty scholar Shen Kuo wrote that when “magicians rub the point of a needle with lodestone, then it is able to point to the south…It may be made to float on the surface of water, but it is then rather unsteady…It is best to suspend it by a single cocoon fiber of new silk attached to the center of the needle by a piece of wax. Then, hanging in a windless place, it will always point to the south.” In Europe, the magnetic compass first appeared in Amalfi, Italy, around the turn of the 14th century. But it is not known if the magnetic compass was also invented in the West or if it migrated to Europe along trade routes from China. However, it is clear that because sea trade and military advantage were of far more strategic importance to Western nations, they pushed the technology of the magnetic compass far more intensely than did the Chinese. With the successive rise of the Portuguese, Spanish, Dutch, and English empires, development of the compass shifted to the European nations facing the Atlantic Ocean. Model of a Han Dynasty (206 BC–220 AD) south-indicating ladle or sinan, CC BY-SA 3.0. Detail from Table of Geography, Hydrography, and Navigation, from the 1728 Cyclopaedia, public domain. The biggest challenge raised by the compass was what we now call magnetic variation: the angular difference between geographic or “true” north and the magnetic north, or the direction in which a magnetized needle points. Under clear skies, one could find the geographic north-south axis for comparison with where the compass pointed by either referring to the polestar or looking at the sun at noon. Across the Mediterranean, the difference between geographic north and magnetic north was relatively small. However, in the Atlantic, particularly in the northern latitudes, the difference was considerable. If this difference had been constant, there would be no problem, but it varied greatly as one traveled east to west. During his first voyage to North America from Spain in 1492, Christopher Columbus observed this mysterious behavior, but he kept it from his crew, fearing it would spook them. FURTHER DISCOVERIES Beginning in 1698, with the support of England’s Royal Society and the Admiralty, Edmund Halley, who would later be named the country’s Astronomer Royal, set out on several long expeditions to measure Earth’s magnetic variations across the northern and southern regions of the Atlantic Ocean. This data offered great advantage to the English Navy. In 1701, Halley produced the world’s first isogonic chart, which shows how the angle between magnetic north and true north varies at different points in the Atlantic Ocean. Edmond Halley’s New and Correct Chart Shewing the Variations of the Compass (1701), the first chart to show lines of equal magnetic variation. Public domain. The study of magnetism set the stage for work in electrostatics. And the compass also served as a scientific instrument. With it, Danish physicist Hans Christian Ørsted observed in 1820 that an electric current from a battery flowing through a wire produced a magnetic field. This important discovery in electromagnetism paved the way for telegraphy. In 1831, English scientist Michael Faraday showed that moving a conductor in a magnetic field produced an electric current, leading to advances in electric power generation. James Maxwell combined the electric and magnetic phenomena in a set of elegant field equations. Heinrich Hertz’s discovery of radio waves, a type of electromagnetic radiation, set the stage for wireless telecommunications. This great chain of discoveries and inventions was set in motion by the seafarer’s compass, the tool that made it possible to voyage across Earth’s inhospitable seas. One of Faraday’s 1831 experiments demonstrating induction. The liquid battery (right) sends an electric current through the small coil (A). When it is moved in or out of the large coil (B), its magnetic field induces a momentary voltage in the coil, which is detected by the galvanometer (G). Public domain. About the author: Until his retirement from IEEE, in July 2016, Dr. John Vardalas was the senior historian at the IEEE History Center. He is still an industry associate professor in the College of Arts & Letters at Stevens Institute of Technology. He has written numerous articles on the history of technology in society. His current historical interests center on the interrelationships between “command of the sea,” trade, geopolitics, and the development of science and technology over the millennia. He is an avid sailor. The IEEE History Center (http://www.ieee.org/about/history_center/index.html), which contributed this article, is funded by donations to the IEEE Foundation (https://www.ieee.org/organizations/foundation/). Header image: An ancient Chinese nautical compass ©NYPL/Science Source/Getty. Tagged BHP Expert Post, BHP Unit 8 Classroom snapshots: What can everyday objects teach us about history? Is it human to automate?	cc/2019-30/en_head_0043.json.gz/line2170
__label__wiki	0.908919	0.908919	Official Eventseeker Top 10 DJs to Catch at Ultra Music Festical 2015 BY MATTEA PIESCH Miami Music Week is here! This year’s edition is taking place from March 25 – March 29, and of course, Ultra Music Festival is the epicenter of the craziness. The three-day festival takes place at Bayfront Park and features tons of big names from the dance and electro scenes. Headliners include David Guetta, Afrojack, Skrillex, and Tiesto. Throughout the week, plenty of parties and events will also be taking place alongside the Ultra Festival. Since Miami Ultra features the elite of electronic artists, it’s not easy to narrow your choices down. Regardless, here are our top 10 artists you shouldn’t miss while you’re there. German producer/DJ Boys Noize has remixed tracks for Snoop Dogg, Depeche Mode, and many others. His music is influenced not only by house music, but also by hip-hop and disco. In 2012, Boys Noize teamed up with Skrillex for a side-project called Dog Blood. The two performed together at Miami Ultra in 2013 and are both back this year to perform solo. This Swedish duo consists of Axwell and Sebastian Ingrosso, two-thirds of the Swedish House Mafia. The duo first performed together under its new name in 2014, and a soon-to-be released album will be the first for both artists, since Swedish House Mafia never released a full-length record. We are excited to see what the two have in store for us at their first Ultra show. Known for the hit “Rather Be,” Clean Bandit is making its Ultra debut this year. The London-based group won a Grammy earlier this year for “Rather Be,” and its live performances include guitars, keyboards, and percussion mixed with electronic dance sounds. Clean Bandit is known to be a DIY band; the group produces all of its music on its own and even shoots its own videos. Die Antwoord is a duo consisting of Yolandi Visser and Ninja. The South African duo has caused a real hype with its made-up culture, Zef, which describes a poor yet fancy lifestyle. Die Antwoord likes to use art and controversy to shock its audience, and once turned down a contract with Interscope in order to found its own label instead. The Canadian electrofunk duo was formed in 2002 and consists of David Macklovitch and Patrick Gemayel, two college roommates who decided to make music together. After taking a break for three years, the duo came back in 2007 with a new album. The group’s most recent record, White Women, is a hit all over the world. Royksopp Royksopp has been around for many years. The Norwegian electro duo released its first album in 2001 and has been playing around with different styles ever since. Four consecutive number one albums in Norway and a Grammy award make this group one of the most successful electronic artists of our time, as its warm sounds set it apart from other digital music artists. The Australian duo Knife Party consists of Gareth McGrillen and Rob Swire. The duo has also been known as Pendulum, a drum and bass group. Knife Party first made a name for itself in the electronic music genre thanks to its 2014 album, Abandon Ship. Both DJs also work as movie producers on the side. Robin Schulz started working as a DJ when he was only 17 years old and already owned his own nightclub by the age of 20. Schulz’s sounds are inspired by established artists such as Tiesto and Richie Hawtin, and his song “Waves” has been a hit in many countries. He’ll be performing at Miami Ultra for the first time this year, alongside his idol, Tiesto. DJ Snake is a French producer and DJ who is known for mixing hip-hop and electronic sounds. He reached fame with the singles “Turn Down For What” and “Birdman,” the latter of which was picked up by Diplo’s label, Mad Decent, in 2013, and has led to collaboration between the two ever since. Touring with Skrillex and remixing songs for the biggest pop artists in the business is looking to be just the beginning of his bright career. The members of this Canadian duo had been making music together for many years as Mass Productions before launching Zeds Dead in 2009. The musical style the two now create as Zeds Dead is a mixture of hip-hop, dubstep, electronic, and drum and bass. The group’s 2011 release, “Rumble In the Jungle,” was a huge success all over the world. Follow us on Twitter and like us on Facebook to give us a shout. You can also stay on top of exciting events from around the world by downloading the eventseeker app for iPhone, Windows, or Android. EVENTSEEKER NEWSLETTER Best Festivals in the World Eventseeker Presents podseeker Axwell Λ Ingrosso Boys Noize Chromeo Clean Bandit Die Antwoord DJ Snake Knife Party Miami miami ultra Robin Schulz Royksopp Ultra Fest Ultra Festival Ultra Music Festival Zeds Dead The premier source for events, concerts, nightlife, festivals, sports and more in your city! eventseeker brings you a personalized event calendar and let's you share events with friend Official eventseeker website Tweets by @eventseeker	cc/2019-30/en_head_0043.json.gz/line2171
__label__wiki	0.804045	0.804045	Tag Archive: Marvel’s Jessica Jones Trailer Park–The “Dark Superheroes of Summer” Edition Filed under: Comics & Books, Superheroes, TV — Leave a comment In the world of the dark superhero universe you start with Alan Moore’s Watchmen and The Killing Joke, and you might pick up Frank Miller’s Batman: The Dark Knight Returns, Brad Meltzer’s Identity Crisis, Mark Millar’s Old Man Logan, Garth Ennis’s Crossed, and if you go back a bit further you might pick up Jim Starlin’s Batman: A Death in the Family. And you take another look at Tim Burton making Batman movies. You also might stumble over Garth Ennis’s The Boys and Brian Michael Bendis’s Jessica Jones. These last two comics are making their way to your television this summer, first with the return of Marvel’s Jessica Jones for its third season on Netflix as the swan song for all its Marvel series, and then Amazon Prime is stepping in with an adaptation of Ennis’s The Boys, dark in every other way that Jessica Jones isn’t. Those are in addition to Brightburn, a movie written by the live-action superhero guru Gunn brothers about a kid with Superman powers who doesn’t use them for good. Meaning lots of bloody gore and violence. It’s still in theaters. Our first trailer is for the final season of Marvel’s Jessica Jones. Should it be a surprise that everything seems exactly as it was in the last season? Is it enough that Krysten Ritter′s anti-hero conquers her demons one at a time? Viewers want to cheer her on, to do anything to get happy in a dark and dreary real-life New York, but without development of her character beyond returning to the bottle and self-inflicted pain, we’re left to turn to other characters. Thankfully that left her adopted sister Trish, played by Rachael Taylor, as last season’s real hero to root for. But does Jeremy Bobb (Russian Doll) have a chance at filling in as next villain as Foolkiller after David Tennant’s performance as Kilgrave? And why another new guy for Jones, bringing in Benjamin Walker (Abraham Lincoln: Vampire Hunter) instead of Luke Cage or The Punisher? The Boys is a different kind of dark, but in many ways it’s just another effort to do what Alan Moore did with Watchmen–deconstruct superheroes until they are only recognizable because of the capes and costumes. So think of the depraved nature of Mark Millar’s Kick-Ass, but add a multiplier. Or if Watchmen was a normal school day, The Boys is Watchmen where the teenage kids take over. The kids in this case include Seth Rogan and Evan Goldberg as producers, so expect plenty of “adult language” aka expletives, and their typical brand of raunch and bodily fluids. Is there a chance of some subtlety or nuance with these guys behind the series, or can we hope for something closer to Superbad? The more promising elements in the trailer are found in the costumes (by Iron Man costume designer Laura Jean Shannon, Titans’ designer Joyce Schure, and Doom Patrol’s designer Carrie Grace) and the cast, including pop culture icon Karl Urban (Thor: Ragnarok, Star Trek, The Lord of the Rings, Judge Dredd, Xena: Warrior Princess) and Erin Moriarty, who also starred on season one of Jessica Jones, Elizabeth Shue (The Karate Kid, Leaving Las Vegas), and Jennifer Esposito (Spin City, NCIS). Take a look at these trailers for some of the darker edge of superheroes in genredom: Tags: Amazon Prime, Benjamin Walker, Brightburn, Carrie Grace, dark superheroes, Elizabeth Shue, Erin Moriarty, Evan Goldberg, Foolkiller, Garth Ennis, Jennifer Esposito, Jeremy Bobb, Jessica Jones, Jessica Jones season three, Joyce Schure, Karl Urban, Krysten Ritter, Laura Jean Shannon, Marvel's Jessica Jones, Netflix, Rachael Taylor, Seth Rogen, The Boys, Trailer Park First look–Netflix ups the action in second season trailer for Marvel’s Iron Fist In three weeks we’ll see the return of Danny Rand to Netflix, continuing the ongoing Marvel television universe we last saw in this summer’s excellent sophomore season of Marvel’s Luke Cage. Finn Jones’s martial arts master and corporate exec Danny Rand–the Immortal Iron Fist–returns in season two of Marvel’s Iron Fist and Netflix just released its first trailer for the season, providing a glimpse at what fans of the Marvel franchise can expect. More action is takeaway No. 1. The first season of Marvel’s Iron Fist was a bit rough after a dark season of Daredevil, a spectacular first season of Jessica Jones, and a knockout first season of Luke Cage. Compared to the other series it approached its origin character with a slowly building story, with co-lead Colleen Wing, played by Jessica Henwick, carrying most of the emotional and dramatic excitement through the season. A heavily corporate boardroom plot with siblings Joy and Ward Meachum (played by Jessica Stroup and Tom Pelphrey) didn’t help matters. Not even the inclusion of genre-favorite David Wenham (The Lord of the Rings, Pirates of the Caribbean: Dead Men Tell No Tales) could lift the ho-hum plot. And the parallels in Iron Fist and CW’s Arrow were plentiful starting with the similarity of the leads. Marvel’s The Defenders then brought together Rand, Cage, Jones, and Daredevil’s Matt Murdock, but when the characters even acknowledged they didn’t want to be a team that projected to viewers a team-up that wasn’t quite ready. So can Iron Fist re-engage this season? Star Trek and Men in Black III’s Alice Eve appears briefly in the trailer as supervillain Typhoid Mary. Mike Colter and Finn Jones’ brief team-up as the classic Power Man and Iron Fist hinted at something fans would love to see much more of. Although we don’t see Colter in this first trailer we do see Simone Missick’s Misty Knight will at least return for an episode–something to look forward to. Fans of G.I. Joe won’t be able to resist comparing the conflict between that series’ Snake Eyes and Storm Shadow to Danny Rand and this season’s rival Davos aka Steel Serpent, played by the returning Sacha Dhawan. Take a look at this first look at Season 2 of Marvel’s Iron Fist: Tags: Alice Eve, Arrow and Iron Fist comparison, CW's Arrow, David Wenham, Finn Jones, GI Joe, Jessica Henwick, Jessica Stroup, Marvel's Daredevil, Marvel's Iron Fist, Marvel's Iron Fist season 2 preview, Marvel's Jessica Jones, Marvel's Luke Cage, Marvel's The Defenders, Misty Knight, Netflix, Power Man and Iron Fist, Sacha Dhawan, Simone Missick, Tom Pelphrey Now streaming–Supporting characters take center stage in Season 2 of Marvel’s Jessica Jones Filed under: Comics & Books, Fantasy Realms, Superheroes, TV — Leave a comment It’s hard to believe it’s been nearly two and a half years since we first met Krysten Ritter’s Jessica Jones in Marvel’s television universe. Although we saw her as just one of the many super-powered characters packed into Marvel’s The Defenders last year, despite all she’s been through not much has changed with the private investigator. That same angry, tough, bitter, and unhappy anti-hero is the same person we meet at the beginning and at the end of the second season of Marvel’s Jessica Jones, now appearing on Netflix. For fans of the fringe of the Marvel superhero world where little fun is to be had, Ritter’s gritty heroine stands alongside The Punisher (our favorite superhero series last year). Yet despite its heavy dramatic component, it’s very much a superhero show, providing a complete picture of the downside of possessing superhero powers created by chemicals in a lab–a key fact of life for so many Marvel creations, including The Hulk, Deadpool, Luke Cage, the Fantastic Four, the Winter Soldier, etc. For those viewers that thought Jessica Jones’s first season was the best TV had to offer, good luck comparing which is best after watching the second season. But it’s not really Jessica who shines in Season 2 as much as the supporting characters, and the series doesn’t really reach its stride until Episode 7. The real standout for Season 2 is a new super-powered character created by the same mad scientists that created Jessica Jones, actor Janet McTeer’s new complex antagonist Alisa. Alisa is a driven, unstoppable human machine attached to a fantastic, layered core. Alisa is older and wiser and far more powerful than Jessica or anyone else we’ve seen from the Netflix Marvel realm. Two scenes with Alisa playing the piano really reveal what viewers are in for (and the cast of characters is up against). Unfortunately for Alisa and everyone that she touches, she’s been pushed to the extremes, resulting in a decisively volatile foe. As with Marvel’s Killmonger in this season’s big screen movie Black Panther, calling Alisa the villain of the show omits much about the character. A cold-blooded killer? Sure. But even the worst can still have hope for redemption, especially if what made them bad in the first place was never their fault. Or can it? Right along with Alisa, Jessica’s step-sister Trish “Patsy” Walker–Jessica’s rather bland supporter and confidante in Season 1–really leaps into action in a breakaway performance that aims toward Linda Hamilton’s tough-as-nails heroine in Terminator 2: Judgment Day. Credit the acting range required of actor Rachael Taylor this time around and a stellar character arc created for her by the writing team of Melissa Rosenberg, Jack Kenny, Aïda Mashaka Croal, Gabe Fonseca, Lisa Randolph, Jamie King, Raelle Tucker, Hillie Hicks, Jr., Jenny Klein, and Jesse Harris. Viewers may want to strangle Trish by the halfway mark in the season, but just wait–she only gets in deeper as the series progresses. Tags: Aïda Mashaka Croal, and creators Brian Michael Bendis, badass women of 2018, Black Panther movie, Carrie-Anne Moss, Eka Darville, Elden Henson, Gabe Fonseca, Hillie Hicks, Jack Kenny, Jamie King, Janet McTeer, Jenny Klein, Jesse Harris, Jessica Jones, Jessica Jones season 2, Jessica Jones season 2 review, Jr., Krysten Ritter, Lisa Randolph, Marvel Comics, Marvel's Daredevil, Marvel's Jessica Jones, Marvel's The Defenders, Melissa Rosenberg, Michael Gaydos, Netflix, Rachael Taylor, Raelle Tucker, The Defenders Marvel’s Jessica Jones returns to Netflix this week with her own episode posters Straight from her stint last year as a member of the motley band of vigilantes in the Netflix series Marvel’s The Defenders, Krysten Ritter is bringing her brooding heroine back this week for Season 2 of Marvel’s Jessica Jones. Netflix just released 13 new posters to advertise the show, each created by a woman with a design specific to each episode, featuring directing and writing credits, the episode title, and a hint at the subject of the episode. Most feature vintage pulp novel style cover art. But don’t look too close–a few may tell you more than you want to know before you watch all 13 episodes this weekend. Like the recent series of variants created by several artists for the first issue of Archie Comics’ Betty & Veronica and Josie and the Pussycats comic book series, the posters provide an opportunity for several creators to attack one subject from different viewpoints. These projects showcase the artists, and fans, in turn, are rewarded by being able to find new inspiration in each impression of the character–and select their own favorites. The international comic book artists providing cover illustrations for the posters are (in order of episode) Stephanie Hans (Batwoman, Black Widow), Jen Bartel (Jem and the Holograms), Elizabeth Torque (The Mighty Captain Marvel, Elektra), Kate Niemczyk (Mockingbird), Colleen Doran (A Distant Soil, Sandman), Erica Henderson (The Unbeatable Squirrel Girl), Audrey Mok (Josie and the Pussycats, Heroine Chic), Joyce Chin (Red Sonja, Vampirella, Hellcat), Jenny Frison (Wonder Woman, Revival, Xena), Amy Reeder (Madame Zanadu, Batwoman), Ema Lupacchino (Bombshells United, Supergirl, Green Lanterns), June Brigman (Power Pack, Brenda Starr, Mary Worth), and Annie Wu (Hawkeye, Black Canary). So which is your favorite? Can you identify the logo styles or art influences that inspired each cover? If you read our reviews of pulp crime novels here at borg.com, you’ll have no problem identifying the poster for Episode 213. Check them all out, in order: Tags: Amy Reeder, Annie Wu, Audrey Mok, Colleen Doran, Elizabeth Torque, Ema Lupacchino, Erica Henderson, Jen Bartel, Jenny Frison, Jessica Jones, Jessica Jones Netflix poster series, Jessica Jones season 2, Joyce Chin, June Brigman, Kate Niemczyk, Krysten Ritter, Marvel's Jessica Jones, Marvel's The Defenders, Netflix, Stephanie Hans Netflix releases final trailer for Marvel’s The Defenders That week is here–All the lead-in built up by Marvel’s host of television series created for Netflix finally comes together this weekend. Marvel’s Daredevil, Jessica Jones, Luke Cage, and Iron Fist become The Defenders. Netflix has released a final trailer leading up to the series premiere. We’ve learned in the past few years that combining your A-league superheroes doesn’t guarantee a successful cinematic experience. How much better than the theatrical Avengers and Justice Leaguers was the B-league team that comprised the Guardians of the Galaxy? How about the strange success in Deadpool of partnering Colossus, Negasonic Teenage Warhead, and Deadpool? So far we’ve loved most of what we’ve seen Marvel put together for Netflix. Luke Cage earned several of our “Best of Television” categories last year here at borg.com. The core of its new team-up of all the Netflix Marvel superhero stories is a classic Marvel comic book team-up: Power Man and Iron Fist. It’s amazing that this team-up has the potential to gain some real traction 40 years later. And you can’t get much more nostalgic for 1970s comic books than the late, great Steve Gerber run on The Defenders. So put together Luke “Power Man” Cage, Daredevil, Iron Fist, Jessica Jones, and add in Elodie Yung as Elektra, and give us a villain played by sci-fi queen Sigourney Weaver, and a supporting cast including the incomparable Scott Glenn, and a triple threat of actresses known for their badass roles: Rosario Dawson, Carrie-Anne Moss, and Simone Missick? What’s not to like? We asked it earlier with the first previews for the series: Can The Defenders be the best team-up on-screen yet? Check out this final trailer for Marvel’s The Defenders: Tags: Carrie-Anne Moss, Charlie Cox, Elektra, Elodie Yung, Finn Jones, Krysten Ritter, Marvel's Daredevil, Marvel's Iron Fist, Marvel's Jessica Jones, Marvel's Luke Cage, Marvel's The Defenders, Mike Colter, Power Man and Iron Fist, Rosario Dawson, Scott Glenn, Sigourney Weaver, Simone Missick, team-up Will Marvel’s The Defenders be the best team-up yet? Filed under: Comics & Books, Retro Fix, Superheroes, TV — Leave a comment Everyone keeps trying to stage the best team-up. And we’re all for it. Who is the best? That depends on what you like in a team-up. Marvel’s Avengers? Marvel’s X-Men? DC’s Legends of Tomorrow? DC’s Justice League? DC’s Justice League Dark? What about a smaller group, like, say, made of only two superheroes? Think back to DC Comics’ The Brave and the Bold, bringing together monthly a duet of every A-league and B-league hero you can think of. We’ve learned in the past few years that combining your A-league superheroes doesn’t guarantee a successful cinematic experience. How much better than the theatrical Avengers and Justice Leaguers was the B-league team that comprised the Guardians of the Galaxy? How about the strange success of partnering Colossus, Negasonic Teenage Warhead, and Deadpool? So far we’ve loved most of what we’ve seen Marvel put together for Netflix. Luke Cage earned several of our “Best of Television” categories last year here at borg.com. The core of its new team-up of all the Netflix Marvel superhero stories, is a classic Marvel comic book team-up: Power Man and Iron Fist. It’s amazing that this team-up has the potential to gain some real traction 40 years later. And you can’t get much more nostalgic for 1970s comic books than the late, great Steve Gerber run on The Defenders. So put together Luke “Power Man” Cage, Daredevil, Iron Fist, Jessica Jones, and add in Elektra, and give us a villain played by Sigourney Weaver, and a supporting cast including Scott Glenn, Rosario Dawson, Carrie-Anne Moss, and Simone Missick? What’s not to like? Can The Defenders be the best team-up on the screen yet? Check out this trailer for Marvel’s The Defenders: Marvel’s The Defenders begins streaming on Netflix this summer. Tags: Carrie-Anne Moss, Charlie Cox, Elektra, Finn Jones, Krysten Ritter, Marvel's Daredevil, Marvel's Iron Fist, Marvel's Jessica Jones, Marvel's Luke Cage, Marvel's The Defenders, Mike Colter, Power Man and Iron Fist, Rosario Dawson, Scott Glenn, Sigourney Weaver, Simone Missick, team-up Sweet Christmas! Netflix and Marvel’s Luke Cage gets the classic Power Man right, and Iron Fist is on his way In comic books featuring decades old characters, years of monthly stories stack up, build up to allow characters to get fleshed out, defining plots ironed out and redone until they are synonymous with the characters, and those stories sculpt characters and worlds that fans feel they know very well. Well enough to defend the characters if a modern adaptation doesn’t get it quite right. Although Marvel Studios adaptations have done well at the movies, its television shows haven’t measured up so well. Until now. The Netflix series Marvel’s Luke Cage is full of so many elements that make it a quality series you can expect it to be a contender at next year’s Emmy Awards. And the successful 13-episode Season One of the famous Power Man of Marvel Comics’ past is readying us for the next Marvel series, featuring Luke Cage’s martial arts partner Iron Fist. We’re previewing the first trailer for Marvel’s Iron Fist here at borg.com below. Marvel’s Luke Cage succeeds in two unique ways. First, Luke Cage is completely loyal to its 1970s origin. Carl Lucas, played by Mike Colter (reprising the role he began in Marvel’s Jessica Jones), is a man from Harlem, imprisoned for a crime he didn’t commit. A very Stan Lee-style, comic book experiment gone bad much like that found in the origins of The Incredible Hulk, Spider-man, and Deadpool results in Carl gaining incredible physical strength, cellular changes in organs that allow his skin to deflect bullets, and rapid body repairing, all thanks to a mad scientist named Dr. Noah Burstein (played in the series by Michael Kostroff). Lucas escapes and changes his name to Luke Cage. Key characters from the comic books fill in the blanks of his life, including Dr. Claire Temple (a role reprised from the other Netflix Marvel series by Rosario Dawson), Reva Connors (Parisa Fitz-Henley), Misty Knight (played brilliantly by Simone Missick), nemesis Stryker (Erik LaRay Harvey), and a mobster named Shades (played by Theo Rossi). The story hails from the Blaxploitation era, with Cage similar in cool toughness to Richard Roundtree’s John Shaft, and female characters that could all have been portrayed by Pam Grier if this were a contemporary adaptation. The other indicator of success for this adaptation is the ability to update the story to today, for today’s viewers, and to make the story timely. Set in a New York City neighborhood with a gritty tale like Spike Lee’s Do the Right Thing (with Harlem swapped for Bedford Stuyvesant), the rough-and-tumble Harlem of the series encounters the same class warfare, the same friction between police and minorities, and the same political corruption that is, as once professed by the original Law and Order series, “ripped from the headlines.” Luke Cage is a mix of plenty of good genre moments we’ve seen before, yet, thanks to the likeable and believable series star Mike Colter, it succeeds on its own merits. It is at once a mix of the M. Night Shyamalan hooded superhero played by Bruce Willis in Unbreakable, and yet its first season follows a modern mobster-based story much like that of Fox’s current DC Comics-inspired television series Gotham. And it all starts with that local barber shop we see in so many inner-city-based stories-unlike the typical superhero story the hero is not trying to save the world, he’s trying to save his neighborhood. Luke Cage is dark, darker than other Marvel properties, just as it was when the comic book first appeared. This New York City is not a sparkly comic book Metropolis or even a Batman-grim Gotham City. It was rough like real life is rough. And where this adaptation could otherwise land in the PG-13 realm since it lacks the volley of F-bombs from most pay channel series, because of some nudity, Deadpool-level violence, and prevalence of the N-word in street talk, this is one for the adult audience. That doesn’t mean there isn’t some great fun here, to be found in the viewers’ empathy for this anti-hero/vigilante as he takes his lumps and their subsequent cheers as he “gains justice” from those who wrong both him and those he cares about. The throwbacks to the original are also quite fun, throwbacks like those used in the G.I. Joe movies, like Cage’s tagline profanity replacement “Sweet Christmas,” a phrase Colter gets exactly right and somehow makes work completely in 2016, plus references to his “Power Man” comic book title as well as his “hero for hire” tagline, and in one scene he disparages his outfit when he finds himself in one of his comic book era outfits. Woven into the series are Easter eggs to listen for, including many indirect cross-references to Netflix’s previous Marvel series Daredevil and Jessica Jones that are relevant to this story. This adaptation of a 1970s comic book series reveals the producers can stick to the original elements and still make this story relevant in 2016. Tags: Alfre Woodard, blaxploitation, Do the Right Thing, Erik LaRay Harvey, Fox Gotham, G.I. Joe: Rise of Cobra, Iron Fist, Iron Fist first look, Mahershala Ali, Marvel Comics, Marvel Studios, Marvel's Daredevil, Marvel's Jessica Jones, Michael Kostroff, Mike Colter, Netflix, New York Comic Con 2016, Parisa Fitz-Henley, Power Man, Rosario Dawson, Simone Missick, Unbreakable Jessica Jones (AKA Awesome) By Art Schmidt Netflix debuted the first season of Marvel’s Jessica Jones last Friday, November 20, 2015, in the same one-hour (roughly), thirteen-episode format as many of its other hit series including House of Cards and Marvel’s Daredevil. The fourth official Marvel Cinematic Universe property to hit the small screen in live-action format since the success of the first Marvel’s The Avengers movie in 2012, Jessica Jones takes the edgy, sexy, delightfully menacing feeling of Daredevil and adds in more edge, more sex, and more menace. And the result is more awesome. FYI, from now on, we’re going to drop the “Marvel’s …” in front of every-friggin-thing because: A) Even Matt Murdock could see the heat from the Marvel logo coming off of a flat screen, and B) We get it, we even agree, Marvel has done a fantastic job with its properties these last several years, but even us ardent fans of all things Marvel are starting to get sick of seeing that red-and-white logo plastered in front of every-friggin-thing. Whereas the well-written Daredevil series focused on a heroic figure trying to overcome the odds and clean up the streets in the neighborhood where he grew up, Jessica Jones is almost a character out of a bad crime novel. She’s a borderline alcoholic private dick who huddles in alleys and hangs from fire escapes to get dirty pictures for the seedy, pitiful clients she gets from the law firm full of sharks she contracts out to. She lives in a run-down apartment which barely doubles as her office, she turns to the bottle when she can’t sleep and then goes out late at night, not to fight crime but to take more pictures of people at their worst so she can make more money to buy more booze. At this point you might be asking: Where are the super powers? Where are the super villains? What is this show? Tags: Art Schmidt, Carrie Ann Moss, David Tennant, Eka Darville, Jessica Jones, Krysten Ritter, Luke Cage, Marvel, Marvel Cinematic Universe, Marvel's Iron Fist, Marvel's Jessica Jones, Marvel's Luke Cage, Mike Colter, Netflix, Rachael Taylor, The Defenders, Wil Traval First look–Netflix releases trailer for Marvel’s Jessica Jones series Netflix just released the first full-length trailer for its new series, Marvel’s Jessica Jones, based on one of the more obscure Marvel Comics characters–and it looks pretty grim. Veronica Mars’s Krysten Ritter has the title role, and so far this looks like a knock-off except this heroine detective has superpowers. Several other genre actors in supporting cast roles co-star in the series, including Doctor Who’s David Tennant (Kilgrave), The Matrix’s Carrie-Anne Moss (Harper), Men in Black 3’s Mike Colter (Luke Cage), Transformers’ Rachael Taylor (Trish Walker), and True Detective’s Erin Moriarty (Hope). The Netflix original series is the second of four Marvel series, Marvel’s Daredevil launched earlier this year, plus Marvel’s Luke Cage and Marvel’s Iron Fist are on the way, leading up to Marvel’s The Defenders, all to be released only on Netflix. Behind Marvel’s Jessica Jones are creators of the Twilight movies, Marvel’s Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D., and Elementary. Here is the first full-length trailer for Marvel’s Jessica Jones, showing that despite the teaser released earlier, there’s apparently not a lot of humor in the series: Tags: Carrie-Anne Moss, David Tennant, Erin Moriarty, Jessica Jones, Krysten Ritter, Marvel Comics, Marvel's Jessica Jones, Mike Colter, Netflix, Rachael Taylor New Space Ghost exclusive coming your way from Entertainment Earth	cc/2019-30/en_head_0043.json.gz/line2177
__label__wiki	0.601159	0.601159	Home / The Listening Room February 12, 2007: The Byrds, The Rhythm Syndicate, Tom Petty, Phil Lesh & Friends, My Chemical Romance, Phil Keaggy What we've been listening to for the past week: Byrds, Petty, Springsteen, Keaggy, and more... The Listening Room February 12, 2007: The Byrds, The Rhythm Syndicate, Tom Petty, Phil Lesh & Friends, My Chemical Romance, Phil Keaggy Josh Hathaway February 12, 2007 8 Comments 27 Views Welcome to this week's installment of BC Magazine's The Listening Room. Many of our panelists from last week, our inaugural week, are with us again as we also welcome some new contributors. The format is the same: a few words from a few of BC's best about what they have been listening to for the past week. It is going to be interesting to see if trends emerge from week to week as we gather to share the music that's been in our heads, on our iPods, or in our CD players. With a couple of exceptions, this week's Listening Room trends towards the classic rock genre. Is it a coincidence or did some of us all drink the same Kool-Aid? DJRadiohead (Asst. Music Editor): "If You're Gone" from Turn! Turn! Turn by The Byrds Part of the reason this series idea occurred to me in the first place is because of what happened to me this past Monday night. I listened to the same song 32 times in a row. Obsess much, do I? I wrote about my discovery of the magic of The Byrds a few months ago. "If You're Gone" is on the There is a Season box set and while I didn't mention it in my review, I do remember liking it immediately after hearing it. In fact, I liked the entire box set so much I set out to begin collecting many of The Byrds' individual albums, including Turn!. A number of Byrds' fans have bemoaned Gene Clark's relative obscurity when compared to the other, more celebrated members of the band (David Crosby, Gram Parsons, Roger McGuinn). I admit, Clark's voice was not something I immediately responded to. I am still not sure if "If You're Gone" is a new beginning in that regard or if it will be a notable exception. I feel like I could wring my headphones and bottle the weariness in Clark's lead vocal. The droning harmony vocals, almost buried in the mixed, create a sublime, other-worldly feel that heighten the tension and pain in Clark's words and vocals. The Byrds will always be known best for making Dylan more accessible through their covers, but "If You're Gone" is a stunning example of what they could do with their own material. Connie Phillips (Music Editor): "Too Much Information" from The Rhythm Syndicate by The Rhythm Syndicate I might have never heard "Too Much Information from the self-titled The Rhythm Syndicate had I not been asked to review the CD, but I'm glad I did. This is a blues band local to Northeast Ohio who give a fresh and contemporary edge to a classic sound, and "Too Much Information" is quintessentially a great little song. Catchy lyrics, strong beat, classic horns, and lead singer Pat Sandy's vocals are layered here to make a song that is just impossible to feel bad while listening to. A. Hathaway (TheWifeToWhomI'mMarried) “What Child is This?” from Majesty and Wonder: An Instrumental Christmas by Phil Keaggy This week, Phil Keaggy and the London Session Orchestra have been keeping my ears company. I know that Christmas is 47 days past, but I like the distraction that Majesty and Wonder gives my mind. I favor instrumental versions of most classical Christmas songs as I find the words either distracting or annoying. There are a few exceptions of course: Josh Groban's "O Holy Night" and "Jesus, Joy of Man's Desiring" and Sarah McLachlan's version of "Silent Night" send shivers coursing through me. My favorite tracks on Majesty and Wonder are "What Child is This?," " Good Christian Men Rejoice," and "Silent Night." Lisa McKay: "The Angel" from Greetings From Asbury Park, N.J. by Bruce Springsteen I'm in the midst of the February doldrums, the annual psychological/spiritual low point of my calendar year. My music-loving self responds to this by either cranking up the stuff that will help chase it away or giving in to it and listening to something that more closely matches my mood. This CD made it into my car player last week and hasn't come out yet. I listen to it every single morning on the way to work. This song, which I admit is something of a mystery to me in terms of meaning, just matches my wintry mood some mornings and often causes me to hit the "repeat" button. It doesn't depress me, but rather makes me feel more reflective — the cadence, the mournful vocals, the piano — it all just works. Mat Brewster: "Goofing Off Suite" from Pete Seeger from a live bootleg dated 10/25/56 Fans of the film Raising Arizona will instantly be familiar with this medley that was swiped by Carter Burwell for that film's theme music. Yes, I'm talking about that crazy yodeling song, with a dash of Beethoven's "Ode To Joy" sung via humming. When Mr. Seeger first began to play it I was driving in downtown Bloomington, I nearly crashed right there from laughing so hard. I'm sure I was quite the site, too, me swerving in my little Saturn, mouth agape, tears streaming down my face. Mark Saleski: "The Wheel" from Live at the Warfield by Phil Lesh & Friends Phil Lesh had several outstanding guests at this show, my favorites being Greg Osby on sax and John Scofield on guitar. This particular version the Dead's "The Wheel" includes tons of fine and subtle interplay, very dynamic ebb and flow, and Joan Osborne's gorgeous voice… which I happen to be falling in love with all over again. Tom Johnson: "Don't Stop Now" from Under The Bushes, Under The Stars, by Guided By Voices Among dozens of equally powerful, tight songs under Bob Pollard's belt, it could be the immediacy of that simple guitar hook that starts this song that grabs listeners, but really it's more that there's a rare vulnerability in Pollard's voice in this particularly simple tune. Pollard confronts "Big Daddy," a local rooster with whom he holds a long-standing grudge, strutting nonchalantly around with a six-pack ring around his neck, but it's really about the band transitioning from local indie act to focus of national attention. GBV becomes, in a sense, Big Daddy in an industry that cares little about anything but the bottom line. Pollard's six-pack ring: get his songs to more people while keeping the GBV identity strong. This is his anthem – "Don't Stop Now," a rallying cry for more. And there was a lot more. Ken Edwards (Gaming Editor): "The Golden Rose" from Highway Companion by Tom Petty I am late to the Highway Companion party because someone took a number of months to gift this gem to me. But this gift was worth the wait. Highway Companion as a whole reminds me of older Petty, and that is just fine with me. The instrumentation is so warm and rich, a stark contrast to his last record with The Hearbreakers – which makes this album all the more enjoyable. "Saving Grace" may be the hook to bring you into this album, but one of the slower songs, "The Golden Rose," really brings back that slow-burning, mellow Petty vibe. It is such a relaxing tune to listen to, and a great way to end the album. Even if you don't own Playback (wait a minute, you dont?) and are not a die-hard Petty fan, you can still get a lot out of this album. Sadly there are far too few albums released these days you can listen to from beginning to end, but this is one of them. Michael Jones: "Teenagers" from The Black Parade by My Chemical Romance When you begin this paragraph with the knowledge that 1) My sister is eighteen and still (technically) a teenager; 2) said sister's favorite band is My Chemical Romance, and thus their music is blared throughout the house at all hours of the day; 3) I've given up ignoring it and have actually (gasp!) begun to like their new album… you find yourself arriving at the moment when you can put on your headphones, stare at your sister, and giggle uncontrollably at a song that has as its main chorus the phrase "teenagers scare the living shit out of me!" It's a wonderfully witty song about the typical fears of how any teenager that chooses to dress differently or act differently or do anything differently, is viewed as something inherently scary. In reality, Gerard and the rest of the guys view these "scary" teenagers as the reason they were put here on the planet. The teenagers (and any other fans of the band) give them a reason to keep playing music and surviving their own life… and the band, likewise, has become a focus point for disenfranchised teenagers who were looking for someone to speak for/to them. Funny, witty, poignant, and downright full of kick-ass rock'n'roll, "Teenagers" is just a great song. Tags Adult Alternative Alternative Rock Classic Rock and Oldies Emo About Josh Hathaway Blu-ray Review: Rock and Roll Hall of Fame: In Concert: Encore This continuing Rock HOF induction video series comes highly recommended set (3.5 stars out of four), as many musicians perform some rare and very memorable works. Enjoy 44 live performances from four induction ceremonies (2010-2013).	cc/2019-30/en_head_0043.json.gz/line2181
__label__wiki	0.818389	0.818389	Deficient supplies of drugs for life threatening diseases in an African community Norman N Lufesi1, Marit Andrew2 and Ivar Aursnes3Email author © Lufesi et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. 2007 In Malawi essential drugs are provided free of charge to patients at all public health facilities in order to ensure equitable access to health care. The country thereby spends about 30% of the national health budget on drugs. In order to investigate the level of drug shortages and eventually find the reasons for the drugs shortages in Malawi, we studied the management of the drug supplies for common and life threatening diseases such as pneumonia and malaria in a random selection of health centres. In July and August 2005 we visited eight out of a total of 37 health centres chosen at random in the Lilongwe District, Malawi. We recorded the logistics of eight essential and widely used drugs which according to the treatment guidelines should be available at all health centres. Five drugs are used regularly to treat pneumonia and three others to treat acute malaria. Out-of-stock situations in the course of one year were recorded retrospectively. We compared the quantity of each drug recorded on the Stock Cards with the actual stock of the drug on the shelves at the time of audit. We reviewed 8,968 Patient Records containing information on type and amount of drugs prescribed during one month. On average, drugs for treating pneumonia were out of stock for six months during one year of observation (median value 167 days); anti-malarial drugs were lacking for periods ranging from 42 to138 days. The cross-sectional audit was even more negative, but here too the situation was more positive for anti-malarial drugs. The main reason for the shortage of drugs was insufficient deliveries from the Regional Medical Store. Benzyl penicillin was in shortest supply (4% received). The median value for non-availability was 240 days in the course of a year. The supply was better for anti-malarial drugs, except for quinine injections (9 %). Only 66 % of Stock Card records of quantities received were reflected in Patient Records showing quantities dispensed. We conclude that for the eight index drugs the levels of supply are unacceptable. The main reason for the observed shortage of drugs at the health centres was insufficient deliveries from the Regional Medical Store. A difference between the information recorded on the Stock Cards at the health centres and that recorded in the Patient Records may have contributed to the overall poor drug supply situation. In order to ensure equitable access to life saving drugs, logistics in general should be put in order before specific disease management programmes are initiated. Essential Drug Drug Supply Index Drug The effectiveness of drug supply systems in achieving a reliable supply of essential drugs needs to be continually and objectively assessed. The drugs management cycle involves four basic functions: selection, procurement, distribution and use [1]. At the centre of the cycle is a core management support system, and the entire cycle rests on the policy and the legal framework that establishes and supports the public commitment to ensure that essential drugs are accessible to the intended population. Malawi, which is mainly dependent on imported drugs, adopted in1987 the principle of an essential drug list for the public health sector, now containing about 384 drugs [2]. Since then the government has intended to provide drugs free of charge at all public health facilities. It spends $7 annually per person on health, of which about $2 (29%) is spent on drugs [3]. It is crucial that essential drugs actually reach patients in need of them. However, there is evidence that drug shortage is a major barrier to access to essential drugs in the sub-Saharan Africa [4–6]. Many studies addressing the barriers of access to essential drugs in developing countries have been poorly designed and did only focus on the prescribers' and users' perspectives and not on the management of drugs supply systems [7]. In this study, we investigated the management aspect of the drug supplies for common and life threatening diseases such as pneumonia and malaria in Lilongwe district. We verified that the numerous complaints and local newspaper articles were truly reflecting the shortage of drugs used to combat life-threatening diseases in the country. The state-controlled supply system requires each health centre to report the stock situation to the District Pharmacy each month. The health centres do not have a pharmacist or pharmacy technician on the staff. The District Pharmacy, which also does not have trained pharmacy staff, compares the reported stock situation with a stock size guideline and sends an order to the Regional Medical Store. After a certain time lag, the health centre receives the drugs. The aim of our study was to compare the real situation in the field with the ideal situation as described in the Malawi health policy and in global recommendations. The study design was cross sectional and retrospective. One of the authors (NNL) visited a random selection of health centres, recorded the quantities of the selected drugs on the shelves and retrospectively summed up the ordering history for the same drugs throughout the course of one year at each centre. He also compared the stock situation with the Patient Records for one month and balanced the amount of drugs dispensed with the amount received. Study setting and selection of the health centres There are 27 districts in Malawi. Bearing in mind the limited finances available for the study, we concentrated our investigations to the area of the capital city and its surroundings, i.e. Lilongwe, which is situated in the centre of the country. According to the population census of 1998, Lilongwe district has a population of 1,337,777 with an annual growth rate of 2.9%. About 67% of the population live in the rural and peri-urban areas and comprises a range of mixed races and tribes in the city and the peri-urban areas. The rural areas are mainly inhabited by the Chewa tribe who financially is dependent on seasonal small scale farming of tobacco while maize is their main source of food. The main religions in the district are Christianity and Islam with Islam being practised mainly in the city [8]. The Lilongwe District has one Central Hospital, 37 government health centres, about eight Christian Hospital Association of Malawi (CHAM) health facilities and some private clinics. The private clinics are mainly located in the city. Using the Research Randomizer [9] we selected several groups of governmental health centres with eight in each group and chose one of these groups for further study. Selection of the index drugs We studied the logistics of eight essential and widely used drugs, which according to the treatment guidelines should be available in all health centres at all times. Of these drugs, five are used regularly to treat pneumonia and the three others to treat acute malaria. Both these diseases are common and life-threatening conditions that contribute substantially to local morbidity and mortality. The drugs are listed in Table 1 and the units in which they are ordered are specified. Paraldehyde is used for the management of convulsions that sometimes occur in patients with severe malaria, especially in children. The total amount of the eight drugs that were supplied to the eight health centres according to the 38 reports that were reviewed Ordering units Number of units ordered Fraction received Drugs for pneumonia Amoxicillin tab 1000 × 250 mg Benzyl penicillin injection One 5 mL unit vial Cotrimoxazole tab 1000 × (400 mg + 80 mg) Chloramphenicol injection 1 g sodium succinate vial Erythromycin tab Drugs for malaria Pyrimethamine/sulfadoxine tab 1000 × (25 mg + 500 mg) Paraldehyde injection One 10 mL ampoule Quinine injection One 600 mg ampoule Data were collected during a personal visit by NNL, accompanied by a technical assistant, to each of the eight health centres, after a letter of recommendation had been sent in advance from the District Health Office. The health centre employees were very cooperative when interviewed about the ordering system and provided access to Stock Cards, Drug Reports and Patient Records (see below) which are maintained manually. We conducted nine interviews (eight interviews with the persons in charges of medicines at the health centres and one interview with the pharmacist in charge) using a structured questionnaire that contained questions on the procurement process, inventory management, supervision, training and drug management policy. The data obtained from the Stock Cards, Drug Reports and Patient Records were manually entered into standardised forms, which had been pre-tested at a health centre other than one of the eight and adjusted as necessary. Subsequently the data were transferred to an Excel Worksheet (Microsoft). The drug ordering and dispensing system The health centres initiate the drug-ordering process by compiling monthly Drug Reports that are submitted to the District Pharmacy. These reports contain information on the quantities used of each drug during the previous month and the balance in hand. The District Pharmacy technician assesses the health centre's requirements, completes the order part of the Drug Report in accordance with given criteria and forwards it to the Regional Medical Stores. Malawi has three Regional Medical Stores, based in each of the three regions in the country. Each Regional Medical Store serves the government and CHAM health facilities in the respective region. The Regional Medical Store then supplies the ordered drugs directly to the health centre. When drugs are received at the health centre, the quantity received and date of delivery are entered on the respective Stock Cards and on the centre's own copy of the Drug Report. Emergency supplies can also be ordered, in which case the same procedure should be followed as when ordering normal supplies. When drugs are issued from the health centre store to the dispensary the date of issue and quantity issued are recorded on the Stock Card. Ideally, when patients receive drugs from the health centre dispensary the quantity of each drug dispensed and the date should be recorded in the Patient Records. Our review of the Drugs Reports, Stock Cards and Patient Records We reviewed the Stock Cards for each of the eight selected drugs in order to determine the availability over a period of one year (calculated as 360 days). The quantities of each drug specified on the Stock Card were compared with the actual stock on the shelves. A total of 58 Stock Cards were reviewed at the eight health centres. Six cards were missing. The accumulated observation time in days was 20,880 days (360 days × 58 Stock Cards). For each drug the number of normal supplies and of emergency supplies and the number and duration of out-of-stock situations were recorded. In order to assess the level of service provided by the Regional Medical Store we reviewed 54 Drug Reports stating, both by the health centre and the Regional Medical Store, the quantities requested and the quantities received. Thirty eight reports were found to be eligible for determining the ability of the Regional Medical Stores to supply the requested drugs to the health centres. In addition, we reviewed 8 968 Patient Records containing information on the type and quantities of drugs prescribed and issued topatients during the month of December 2004. All calculations regarding the number of days that the drugs were out of stock, the number of normal and emergency supplies received by the health centres, and drugs delivered to patients according to the Patient Records were carried out in Microsoft Excel. The total dosage of all the drugs presented in tablet or capsule forms was calculated as the product of the dose, frequency of administration and duration of treatment. For the injectable drugs, one vial or ampoule was regarded as the total dosage because according to the records the patients had received the drug in question only once. The number of days a drug was out of stock was calculated by counting the days from the date the drug was recorded on the Stock Card as being out of stock to the date the drug was recorded as being in stock again. We used the SPSS for descriptive analysis and for comparing the distribution of the different variables among the health centres and among the drugs. We used the non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis test because the distribution of the data was found to be non-normal. The differences were considered to be statistically significant if the P-value was < 0.05. Permissions and ethical clearance The study was approved by the National Health Sciences Research Committee of the Ministry of Health in Malawi. At District level, the District Health Officer gave us permission to proceed with the study. At the health centre-level, the person in charge gave us permission to collect the data. The data were kept confidential and all the health centres studied were kept anonymous. It can be seen from Figure 1 that supplies of the selected drugs to the health centres were highly inadequate, the shortage being most pronounced for the drugs used to treat pneumonia. On average, these drugs were out of stock for six months during the one year of observation (median value 167 days). The situation was slightly better but still serious for anti-malarial drugs. On average these drugs were out of stock for less than one third of the year of observation (range 42 to 138 days). Figure 1 shows similarities between the cross-sectional data (i.e. numbers of health centres without the respective drugs on the shelves at the time of audit) and the retrospective findings (i.e. median numbers of days the respective drugs which according to the store records had been out of stock during the whole year of observation). Overall, the audit results gave a more worrying picture than did the retrospective data (see Figure), but here again the situation was somewhat better for the anti-malarial drugs than for the drugs used to treat pneumonia. Deficiencies in drug supplies at 8 Malawian health centres. Insufficient deliveries from the Regional Medical Store It was found that the main reason for the observed shortage of drugs at health centre level was insufficient deliveries from the Regional Medical Store (see Table 1 and first row in Table 2). Probable reasons for insufficient drug supplies with comments, ordered according to assumed degree of importance The median fraction of the ordered drugs received by the health centres was 18 % (see Table 1) Stocked supplies not recorded as having been given to patients For December 2004 we observed a median difference of 66 % between Stock Cards and Patient Records. The highest was for chloramphenicol (92 %) and lowest for benzyl penicillin (29 %) Uneven distribution of drugs among health centres Injectable drugs (quinine and chloramphenicol) were unequally distributed among health centres both at audit and throughout the year (see text) Problems with certain therapeutic indications Drugs for acute malaria were in better supply than drugs for pneumonia (see Figure) Lack of training None of the health workers managing the drugs in the eight health centres were trained in drug management nor in bookkeeping Of the drugs used to treat pneumonia the supply level was lowest for benzyl penicillin, with only 4% of the requested quantity being received (Table 1). This corresponds with the observation that benzyl penicillin was not in stock at any health centre at the time of audit, and for all the health centres collectively the median value for being out of stock was 240 days out of one year (see Figure). Anti-malarial drugs were in better supply, except for quinine injections where only 9 % of the ordered quantity was received (Table 1). This figure does not correspond with the seemingly better stock situation at the time of audit, when quinine injections were available at five of the eight health centres and where the median value for non-availability was 42 days in the course of one year (Figure). From the 8968 Patient Records, we found that pyrimethamine/sulfadoxine (first line treatment of malaria) was the most commonly prescribed drug (60.4%) followed by cotrimoxazole (first line treatment of pneumonia) that was prescribed in 24.8% of all the cases. Chloramphenicol and paraldehyde injectables were the least prescribed drugs (0.1%). We found discrepancies between the utilisation of drugs on the Stock Cards and the Patient Records. The highest discrepancy was for chloramphenicol injectable (92%). The median discrepancy percentage for all drugs was 66%. The second row in Table 2 illustrates the discrepancy between the quantity of the drugs issued from the health centre stores to the dispensary and the quantity of the drugs delivered to patients, as stated in the Patient Records. Uneven distribution of drugs among the health centres may also have contributed to scarcity in some places. According to the records, the number of days a drug was out of stock varied from 0 to 122 days for injectable quinine and from 0 to 360 days for injectable chloramphenicol at the various health centres. Overall there was a statistically significant difference among the various health centres (P = 0.02, Kruskal-Wallis test). Similarly, the same drugs were found to be in stock at time of audit in quantities ranging from zero ordering units for injectable chloramphenicol at five health centres to 48 units at one health centre, and from zero ordering units of injectable quinine at three health centres to a maximum of 210 units at another health centre. Time taken from ordering to receiving of drugs and lack of training and supervision The time taken between ordering and receiving the drugs, lack of appropriate skills for health workers managing drugs and lack of supervision may also have contributed to the shortage of drugs in the health centres. From the drug reports, we found that drugs took 8 to 105 days from the time of ordering to the time the drugs were actually received by the health centre. The median delay between ordering and supply was 37 days. Seven health centre persons in charge of medicines reported that drugs were usually received more than 28 days after the day the drugs were requested. From the interviews, we found that none of the health workers managing drugs were trained in basic drug management skills and that they were rarely supervised by the district pharmacist. Although we expected the situation to be less than optimal, it was a surprise to find that the index drugs were on average unavailable to patients at health centres for six months out of a year in the case of pneumonia drugs and for three months out of a year in the case of anti-malarial drugs. Findings on the drugs available at time of audit agreed to a large extent with the stock situation throughout a full year. To our knowledge, no similar investigation has been carried out in Malawi before and we do not know of comparable data from other sub-Saharan countries with similar distribution systems [6]. In our opinion, since the selected health centres were a random sample from the health centres in one specific region (Central Region) and were served by one Regional Medical Store, our findings could at the least be representative of the situation in the region as a whole. Drug shortages have been reported to be a major problem throughout Malawi [10, 11], and as there is a national drug management system, our findings at large may well apply to the whole country. The main limitation of the present study is that it was restricted primarily to observations and interviews at the health centre level. We noted that in four out of five instances no drugs were supplied in response to a normal order. So far we can only speculate on the reasons for this situation. A point of interest is that many acute situations may have been solved by sending an emergency order to the District Pharmacy. This is not an ideal situation, however, since the health centre concerned then receives drugs intended primarily for other users. We also question the guidelines stating that the quantity of a drug ordered should be based on the consumption during the previous month [12]. When there are no drugs at the health centre to consume, this is not a feasible procedure. With frequent out-of-stock situations the requirements should be based on demographic and morbidity data [13]. We found gross discrepancies between the Stock Cards filled in at the health centres and the Patient Records. The most likely explanation is that drugs are de facto dispensed to patients but not recorded as such, which constitutes lack of compliance with procedures. The procedures themselves may be out of touch with real life challenges in a busy outpatient clinic. In any case, this kind of "malpractice" makes it difficult to deal with allegations of theft which, according to newspaper reports [14, 15] and studies in other countries [16, 17] cannot be excluded to take place. It is possible to envisage ways to improve the system: training the personnel in bookkeeping combined with supportive supervision, a type of intervention proven to be effective in Zimbabwe [18]; decentralization of the drug budget to the District, which might allow the Districts to buy drugs from other sources when the government medical store fails to supply, as was found to be the case in Uganda [4]; and a small co-payment from patients that can be used to replenish the supplies at health centre level. As the Bamako initiative has proved, this increases the availability of drugs [19]. One of our findings was an unequal distribution of the drugs in stock among the various health centres. This may indicate lacking focus on equitable access to essential drugs. The intended role of the district pharmacies is to enforce some sort of national, criteria based harmonization. One measure could be to strengthen the district pharmacies authority and ability to respond to such information and to perform some kind of reallocation of drugs when needed. We noted that the supply of anti-malarial drugs was somewhat better than that of drugs used to treat pneumonia. There could be various explanations for this, including the fact that malaria, along with AIDS and tuberculosis, has received special governmental and international attention through the Global Fund for HIV/AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria and the Roll Back Malaria Global Partnership. No comparable initiatives exist for pneumonia, despite this being a major killer of children [20]. We know several initiatives have been taken to provide drugs for treating AIDS in Malawi [21]. A well-functioning drug supply system is a critical factor for success in any disease management program. AIDS initiatives in Malawi may well profit by or even depend on a joint effort in reviewing and improving the drug supply infrastructure in the country. We conclude that for the index drugs, anti-malarial drugs and drugs used to treat pneumonia, the levels of supply are unacceptable. To a large extent these drugs were out of stock during our visits to the various health centres and had also been out of stock for extensive periods during the previous year. Also the distribution level among the health centres showed large variations, resulting in both lack and inequity of access for patients. The main reason for the observed shortage of drugs at health centre level was insufficient deliveries from the Regional Medical Store. We have not explored the reasons for these shortcomings. On the one hand the public sector may be procuring insufficient drugs to meet the country's needs, on the other hand there may be a leakage of drugs from the public sector into the private sector, such as has been described in other countries [5, 22]. We also found a consistent and large difference between Stock Card recordings at the health centres and Patient Records. This practice makes it difficult to exclude that leakage or theft and may have contributed to the overall drug supply situation. Another contributory factor may have been the observed lack of training in core principles of drug management as well as basic record keeping. In order to ensure equitable access to life saving drug, logistics in general should be put in order before specific disease management programmes requiring a reliable drug supply chain are initiated. We sincerely thank the Norwegian Agency for Development Cooperation (NORAD) and the Norwegian International Health Association (NIHA) for financial support for this project. We would like to express our sincere thanks to Beatrice Mkandawire for working tirelessly during the data collection and all health workers in the health centres for their cooperation and support, especially for providing us with the appropriate documents. We thank Professor Johanne Sundby, Department of International Health, University of Oslo for her critical comments on this study. We are also grateful to Professor Graham Dukes for helping to provide important literature. 12913_2007_427_MOESM1_ESM.jpeg Authors’ original file for figure 1 The reported data originate from a thesis for the Master Degree in International Health presented by NNL to the Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, in June 2006. Details from the prescription analysis can be found in the thesis book. Based on an original idea by NNL, all three authors planned the study and examined the data after they had been collected by NNL. IA drafted the manuscript and developed it with the help of the other two authors. All three authors have read and approved of the final manuscript. Department of General Practice and Community Medicine (Section for International Health), University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway Alliance apotek (Alliance UniChem Norway AS), Oslo, Norway Department of Pharmacotherapeutics, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway Quick JD: Ensuring access to essential medicines in developing countries: a framework for action. Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics. 2003, 73 (4): 279-283.View ArticleGoogle Scholar Malawi Central Medical Stores: Central Medical Stores' Catologue for the year 2005 – 2006. 2005Google Scholar Malawi National Health Accounts: Sources of finance in the health sector, 1998/9 financial year. Accessed 12-4-2007., [http://www.who.int/nha/docs/en/Malawi_NHA_report_english.pdf] Jitta J, Whyte SR, Nshakira NT: The availability of drugs: what does it mean in Ugandan Primary Care. Health Policy. 2003, 65: 167-79. 10.1016/S0168-8510(03)00003-4.View ArticlePubMedGoogle Scholar Foster S: Supply and use of essential drugs in Sub-Saharan Africa: Issues and possible solutions. Social Science and Medicine. 1991, 32 (11): 1201-1218. 10.1016/0277-9536(91)90035-B.View ArticlePubMedGoogle Scholar Qeest SV, Macwan'gi M, Kamwanga J, Mulikelela D, Mazimba A, Mwangelwa M: User fees and drugs: What did the health reforms achieved in Zambia?. Health Policy and Planning. 2000, 15: 59-65. 10.1093/heapol/15.1.59.View ArticleGoogle Scholar Grand AL, Hogerzeil HV, Haaijer-Ruskam FM: Intervention research in rational use of drugs: a review. Health Policy and Planning. 1999, 14: 89-102. 10.1093/heapol/14.2.89.View ArticlePubMedGoogle Scholar National Statistic Office: Malawi Population and Housing Census (1998) Final results. 2000, Accessed 12-4-2007., [http://www.nso.malawi.net]Google Scholar Research Randomizer. 2006, Accessed 12-4-2007., [http://www.randomizer.org] Malawi Ministry of Health: Malawi National Drug Policy. 1999, 1-5.Google Scholar Malawi Ministry of Health: Annual review of the health sector 2005–2006 Financial year. 2006Google Scholar DELIVER: Calculating how much to order or issue. Malawi: Health Commodities Logistics Management System Procedures Manual. 2003, Arlington, Va.: John Snow, Inc/DELIVER, for the U.S. Agency for International DevelopmentGoogle Scholar Drug management for health facilities. Managing Drug Supply. Edited by: Quick JD, Rankin JR, Laing RO, O'Connor RW, Hogerzeil HV, Dukes MNG, Garnett A. 1997, Connecticut: Kumarian Press, 364-77.Google Scholar Banda M: Impounded drugs worth millions. 2006, Accessed 12-4-2007., [http://www.nationmalawi.com/print.asp?articleID=15810]Google Scholar Nyirongo E: Man found with 27 types of drugs. 2005, Accessed 12-4-2007., [http://www.nationmalawi.com/print.asp?articleID=13892]Google Scholar Ferrinho P, Omar MC, Fernandes MJ, Blaise P, Bugalho AM, Van Lerberghe WV: Pilfering for survival: how health workers use access to drugs as a coping strategy. Human Resources for Health. 2004, 2: 1-6. 10.1186/1478-4491-2-1.View ArticleGoogle Scholar Geest SV: Self-care and the informal sale of drugs in South Cameroon. Social Science & Medicine. 1987, 25: 293-305. 10.1016/0277-9536(87)90232-2.View ArticleGoogle Scholar Quick JD, Hogerzeil HV, Velasquez G, Rago L: Twenty-five years of essential medicines. Bulletin of the WHO. 2005, 80 (11): 913-914.Google Scholar Uzochukwu B, Onwujekwe O: Healthcare reform involving the introduction of the user fees and drug revolving funds: influence on health workers' behaviour in southeast Nigeria. Health Policy. 2005, 75: 1-8. 10.1016/j.healthpol.2005.01.019.View ArticlePubMedGoogle Scholar The International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease: Ten facts about pneumonia in children. 2006, Accessed 12-4-2007., [http://www.iuatld.org/pdf/en/facts_children.pdf]Google Scholar Kemp J, Aitken JM, LeGrand S, Mwale B: Equity in health sector responses to HIV/AIDS in Malawi. 2003, Accessed 12-4-2007., [http://www.equinetafrica.org/bibl/docs/aidsmalawi.pdf]Google Scholar Hogerzeil HV: Estimating drug requirements. Standardised supply of essential medicines in Ghana- 2. Tropical Doctor. 1986, 16: 155-159.PubMedGoogle Scholar	cc/2019-30/en_head_0043.json.gz/line2185
__label__wiki	0.524169	0.524169	Eli Lilly buys Rs 736 Crore stake in gene-silencing drug firm Dicerna Editors Pick, Investment, News, Pharmaceuticals Dicerna will receive an upfront payment of $100 million, as well as an equity investment of $100 million at a premium. New Delhi: Eli Lilly and Dicerna Pharmaceutical recently announced a global licensing and research collaboration focused on the discovery, development and commercialization of potential new medicines in the areas of cardio-metabolic disease, neurodegeneration and pain. The companies will utilize Dicerna’s proprietary GalXC RNAi technology platform to progress new drug targets toward clinical development and commercialization. In addition, the partners will collaborate to move beyond the current technical paradigm in order to generate next-generation oligonucleotide therapeutic agents. RNA interference (RNAi) is an emerging new approach to drug discovery, focused on a biologic process in which certain RNA molecules inhibit the expression of disease-causing genes by destroying the messenger RNAs (mRNAs) of those genes. RNAi has the potential to treat diseases by silencing some of the most well-validated, yet previously inaccessible drug targets. “At Lilly, we go to where breaking science meets unmet medical needs,” said Daniel M. Skovronsky, M.D., Ph.D., Lilly senior vice president and chief scientific officer. “We are excited to collaborate with Dicerna and utilize their RNAi expertise to study targets that up until now have proven to be very technically challenging. RNAi has the potential to treat an array of diseases that are of strategic importance to Lilly. Together with Dicerna, we aim to employ this emerging modality for greater success in drug development.” “The collaboration with Lilly provides an exceptional opportunity to leverage our proprietary GalXC platform in order to generate new medicines for cardio-metabolic diseases, and to establish a presence in new fields including neurodegeneration and pain,” said Douglas M. Fambrough, Ph.D., president and chief executive officer of Dicerna. “Lilly, with its demonstrated leadership in each of these fields, is an ideal partner for extending the range of Dicerna’s proprietary GalXC technology, which is designed to silence the expression of disease-driving genes. We are eager and ready to expand and advance our pipeline of innovative GalXC-based therapies, including both proprietary and partnered programs.” Under the terms of the agreement, Dicerna will receive an upfront payment of $100 million, as well as an equity investment of $100 million at a premium. Dicerna is also eligible to receive up to approximately $350 million per target in development and commercialization milestones, as well as tiered royalties ranging from the mid-single to low-double digits on product sales. Dicerna will work exclusively with Lilly in the neurodegeneration and pain fields, and on select targets in cardio-metabolic diseases. The two companies anticipate collaborating on more than ten targets. This transaction is subject to clearance under the Hart-Scott-Rodino Antitrust Improvements Act and other customary closing conditions. The transaction will be reflected in Lilly’s reported results and financial guidance according to Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP). There will be no change to Lilly’s 2018 non-GAAP earnings per share guidance as a result of this transaction. Read Also: Sanofi, Novo Nordisk Eli Lilly accused of deceptive drug pricing of Insulin Source: self 0 comment(s) on Eli Lilly buys Rs 736 Crore stake in gene-silencing drug firm Dicerna	cc/2019-30/en_head_0043.json.gz/line2191
__label__cc	0.691779	0.308221	2006 St. Louis Cardinals World Series Championship Ring (Premium) 2006 St. Louis Cardinals World Series Championship Ring (Premium) quantity SKU: N/A Categories: Premium Edition Champion Rings, World Series Rings Tags: Premium Edition, St Louis Cardinals Rings The 2006 St. Louis Cardinals World Series Championship Ring is a popular St.Louis Cardinals Championship ring, though it is not as awesome as the 2011 St.Louis Cardinals world Series Ring. It is still very nice. This 2006 STL Cardinals world series Ring commemorated the victory against the tigers in the 102nd MLB championshp series. The Cardinals finished the regular season 83–78. it is the second-worst record ever for a league champion and the worst record ever for a World Series champion. however, with the winning of the 2006 world series ring, the Cardinals collected their 10th baseball world series championship ring. the authentic Cardinals 2005 world series ring is a yellow gold world series championship ring, with the rubies of Cap insignia on the top and “birds on the bat” logo on one side.the version you see here is with the player name David Eckstein, he was the year MVP and this is his second ST.Louis Cardinals world series championship ring. 1987 St. Louis Cardinals National League Championship Ring	cc/2019-30/en_head_0043.json.gz/line2193
__label__wiki	0.58956	0.58956	+130.40(+1.03%) High Tide Records 234% Increase in 4/20 Weekend Sales CNW Group April 23, 2019 /NOT FOR DISTRIBUTION TO NEWSWIRE SERVICES IN THE UNITED STATES OR FOR DISSEMINATION IN THE UNITED STATES. ANY FAILURE TO COMPLY WITH THIS RESTRICTION MAY CONSTITUTE A VIOLATION OF UNITED STATES SECURITIES LAWS./ CALGARY, April 23, 2019 /CNW/ - High Tide Inc. ("High Tide" or the "Company") (CSE:HITI.CN - News) (OTCQB:HTDEF - News) (FRA:2LY.F - News), an Alberta-based, retail-focused cannabis corporation enhanced by the manufacturing and wholesale distribution of smoking accessories and cannabis lifestyle products, today announced approximately $441,000 in systemwide gross revenues ("Sales") from April 19th to 21st, 2019, which is a 234% increase over the $132,000 reported for the same three-day period in 2018. This record result was generated from the Company's 13 Canna Cabana-branded stores including the two partnered Ontario locations in Hamilton and Sudbury that opened on April 20th, from its 13 Smoker's Corner locations across Canada, as well as from the Grasscity, Famous Brandz and Smoker's Corner e-commerce websites. High Tide Inc. (CNW Group/High Tide Inc.) Sales on April 20th, known as 4/20 in the cannabis community, increased by 125% over the same day in 2018 and accounted for 60% of the weekend's total compared to 89% last year, which was earned more evenly in 2019 due to four Canna Cabana retail cannabis stores in Alberta and the recently acquired Grasscity e-commerce website all operating throughout the weekend. "It was incredible to make history by selling cannabis and accessories across Canada on the first 4/20 after the legalization of recreational cannabis for adult use", said Raj Grover, President and Chief Executive Officer of High Tide. "I couldn't be prouder of our employees, partners and other stakeholders for all helping to make this 4/20 weekend so fantastic, not only from a financial perspective but also for symbolic reasons," added Mr. Grover. Other notable achievements on 4/20 were Sales of $72,000 at Canna Cabana Hamilton, $43,000 at Canna Cabana Sudbury and $39,000 on Grasscity.com. High Tide is currently assisting with the opening and operation of a third cannabis retail location on Yonge Street in Toronto, Ontario. In Alberta, 11 Canna Cabana retail stores are currently operating of which 10 are corporately-owned and one is a franchise, while the next 25 corporately-owned locations are under various stages of development and construction. The Company has 13 Smoker's Corner accessories shops across Alberta, British Columbia and Nova Scotia, of which five are corporately-owned and eight are franchises. In Saskatchewan, the Company is progressing through the necessary steps to complete two pending cannabis retail business acquisitions. About High Tide Inc. High Tide is an Alberta-based, downstream cannabis corporation focused on the manufacturing and wholesale distribution of smoking accessories and cannabis lifestyle products. It is a vertically-integrated company in the Canadian cannabis market, with portfolio subsidiaries including RGR Canada Inc., Famous Brandz Inc., Kush West Distribution Inc., Smoker's Corner Ltd., Grasscity.com, Canna Cabana Inc. and the majority of KushBar Inc. High Tide's strategy as a parent company is to extend and strengthen its integrated value chain, while providing a complete customer experience and maximizing shareholder value. Key industry investors in High Tide include Aphria Inc. (TSX:APHA.TO - News) (NYSE:APHA - News), Aurora Cannabis Inc. (NYSE:ACB - News) (TSX:ACB.TO - News) (FRA:21P.F - News) and FSD Pharma Inc. (CSE:HUGE) (OTC:FSDDF - News) (FRA:0K9.F - News). Representing the core of High Tide's business, RGR Canada Inc. is a high-quality and innovative designer, manufacturer and distributor of cannabis accessories. Famous Brandz Inc. is a dominant manufacturer of licensed lifestyle accessories, through partnerships with celebrities and entertainment companies including Snoop Dogg and Paramount Pictures. Famous Brandz' products are sold to wholesalers and retailers around the world. Founded in 2009 and approved by the Canadian Franchise Association, Smoker's Corner Ltd. is among Canada's largest counter-culture chains with 13 locations. Kush West Distribution is in the process of becoming a cannabis wholesaler in the province of Saskatchewan. Based in Amsterdam since 2000, Grasscity.com is the world's preeminent and most searchable online retailer of smoking accessories and cannabis lifestyle products with approximately 5.8 million site visits annually. With the deregulation of recreational cannabis for adult use across Canada, Canna Cabana Inc., with 13 current branded locations, is in the process of becoming a sizeable retail brand with a sophisticated yet playful customer experience, while KushBar Inc. is a retail concept that will also be focused on the valued Canadian cannabis consumer. For more information about High Tide Inc., please visit www.hightideinc.com and its profile page on SEDAR at www.sedar.com. Certain statements in this news release are forward-looking information or forward-looking statements. Such information and statements, referred to herein as "forward-looking statements" are made as of the date of this news release or as of the date of the effective date of information described in this news release, as applicable. Forward-looking statements relate to future events or future performance and reflect current estimates, predictions, expectations or beliefs regarding future events. Any statements that express or involve discussions with respect to predictions, expectations, beliefs, plans, projections, objectives, assumptions or future events or performance (generally, forward-looking statements can be identified by use of words such as "outlook", "expects", "intend", "forecasts", "anticipates", "plans", "projects", "estimates", "envisages, "assumes", "needs", "strategy", "goals", "objectives", or variations thereof, or stating that certain actions, events or results "may", "can", "could", "would", "might", or "will" be taken, occur or be achieved, or the negative of any of these terms or similar expressions, and other similar terminology) are not statements of historical fact and may be forward-looking statements. Such forward-looking statements are based on assumptions that may prove to be incorrect, including but not limited to the ability of High Tide to execute on its business plan and that High Tide will receive one or multiple licenses from Alberta Gaming, Liquor & Cannabis, British Columbia's Liquor Distribution Branch or the Saskatchewan Liquor and Gaming Authority permitting it to carry on its Canna Cabana Inc. and KushBar Inc. businesses. High Tide considers these assumptions to be reasonable in the circumstances. However, there can be no assurance that any one or more of the government, industry, market, operational or financial targets as set out herein will be achieved. Inherent in the forward-looking statements are known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors that could cause actual results, performance or achievements, or industry results, to differ materially from any results, performance or achievements expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements. The forward‐looking statements contained herein are current as of the date of this news release. Except as required by law, High Tide does not have any obligation to advise any person if it becomes aware of any inaccuracy in or omission from any forward-looking statement, nor does it intend, or assume any obligation, to update or revise these forward-looking statements to reflect new events or circumstances. Any and all forward-looking statements included in this news release are expressly qualified by this cautionary statement, and except as otherwise indicated, are made as of the date of this news release. SOURCE High Tide Inc. View original content to download multimedia: http://www.newswire.ca/en/releases/archive/April2019/23/c5679.html Asia Stocks Drop Amid Earnings; Aussie Bonds Rise: Markets Wrap How Marriott is declaring war on Airbnb Can Trump win the trade war? Inter Pipeline (TSX:IPL): Should You Bite on the 7.7% Dividend Yield?	cc/2019-30/en_head_0043.json.gz/line2194
__label__wiki	0.904103	0.904103	Princess Diana’s handwritten letters reveal her close bond with Princes William and Harry A series of handwritten letters from Princess Diana have been sold at auction for more than $24,000 (£15,100). The notes, which were addressed to Buckingham Palace steward Cyril Dickman, were written between 1984 and 1993 and offer a glimpse into the relationship Diana had with her two sons, Prince William and Prince Harry. TAP FOR FULL GALLERY One letter noted that Harry was constantly in trouble at school. One letter, which was sent a few days after Prince Harry's birth in 1984 notes the bond between him and his older brother Prince William. "Dear Cyril [Buckingham Palace's Head Steward at the time], it was so very kind of you to have sent us such a lovely card, on the arrival of our small son," she wrote, adding, "We both were greatly touched by your thoughtfulness and enormously appreciated it." William and Harry will honor Diana at Kensington Palace The letter continued: "William adores his little brother and spends the entire time swamping Harry with an endless supply of hugs and kisses. Hardly letting the parents near!” Diana's letter about the "particularly happy time" was estimated with a value of £400-600 but was auctioned for £3,200. The letters from Diana to Cyril were auctioned off for thousands of dollars. The letters also shared some honest reflections about her sons. Diana wrote to Cyril on October 17 1992 and noted that Harry, now 32, was "constantly in trouble" at school. "The boys are well and enjoying boarding school although Harry is constantly in trouble," she wrote. “We are off to Korea in November so a good place to do Christmas Shopping!” The handwritten letter, which appeared on Kensington Palace notebook paper had a pre-sale estimate of £600-900, but was sold for £2,400. In another, Diana thanked Cyril for his support following the death of her father. Diana wasn't the only member of the royal family who was fond of Cyril. The collection included a host of cards, letters, and well-wishes from Prince Charles, Princess Margaret, the Queen and Prince Philip. Royals on the cover of magazines Princess Diana's former chef reveals her tendency to 'belt out' George Michael songs New letters by Princess Diana reveal Prince Harry's naughty streak and her sons' strong bond	cc/2019-30/en_head_0043.json.gz/line2195
__label__cc	0.749922	0.250078	King Philippe of Belgium's children head back to school By Ainhoa Barcelona It was the first day back to school for many children in Belgium and the royal family was no exception . King Philippe waved goodbye to his four children Princess Elisabeth, Prince Gabriel, Prince Emmanuel and Princess Eleonore as they left the palace in Brussels for their first day of school. The four young royals posed for a group shot uploaded on the royal family's Facebook page, with the caption: "Back to school!" TAP FOR GALLERY King Philippe and Queen Mathilde's children started school on Friday. Princess Elisabeth, 15, and Prince Gabriel, 14, looked all grown up in the photos, coordinating in red. Elisabeth, who is first-in-line to the Belgian throne, wore a chic embroidered jacket, white top and black jeans while her younger brother Gabriel was smart in a red jumper and beige chinos. Nine-year-old Princess Eleonore, the youngest of King Philippe and Queen Mathilde's brood, looked particularly sweet as she held onto her dad's hand on the way to school. Elisabeth, Gabriel and Eleonore all attend Sint-Jan Berchmans College in Brussels while their brother Prince Emmanuel, 11, is enrolled at the Eureka institution in Kessel-Lo, Leuven – a school that specializes in teaching children with learning disabilities, located just 20 kilometres away from Brussels. On Friday, Emmanuel was also pictured posing with his siblings, wearing a pale blue pullover and sand chinos. King Philippe accompanied his children to school. In photos: royal children start their first day of school Emmanuel used to attend the Sint-Jan Berchmans College in Brussels, but in 2012 it was announced that he was moving to the special Eureka school. According to the school's website, Eureka Education is "a non-profit organisation with a social purpose" that gives new opportunities to gifted students with learning disabilities. Children are aged between seven and 14 years old. Extra courses are held during the Easter and summer holidays, as well as after-school tutoring. King Philippe Princess Elisabeth Royal Schools Which surname will Prince George use in school? Prince George’s new school is fit for royalty: Everything you need to know In photos: Royals on their first day of school	cc/2019-30/en_head_0043.json.gz/line2196
__label__cc	0.619593	0.380407	We are aware of some network issues resulting in some requests timing out. We are investigating the issue. We apologize for the inconvenience. Introducing a New Look and New Features See the Help section for more details. This collection contains 368,481 issues comprising 4,518,016 pages and 27,343,735 articles. The California Digital Newspaper Collection is a project of the Center for Bibliographical Studies and Research (CBSR) at the University of California, Riverside. The CDNC is supported in part by the U.S. Institute of Museum and Library Services under the provisions of the Library Services and Technology Act, administered in California by the State Librarian. The CBSR has received three grants from the National Endowment for the Humanities to digitize California newspapers for the National Digital Newspaper Program. Titles digitized as part of the NDNP are available both here and at the Library of Congress Chronicling America website. We are eager to know what users think of this site. Please email your comments to cbsrinfo@ucr.edu. Like the CDNC on Facebook. San Pedro News Pilot 7 December 1926 Though access to the CDNC is free, maintaining and improving it is not. Please consider supporting the CDNC. Top text correctors Wes Keat annh AJD elidude Bob Stewart	cc/2019-30/en_head_0043.json.gz/line2199
__label__wiki	0.963546	0.963546	Kelly Smith MBE Honoured At PFA Awards By Champions\| Apr 24, 2017 \|In Uncategorized Champions after-dinner speaker and former England and Arsenal female footballer, Kelly Smith MBE was last night honoured at the 2017 PFA Awards. Widely regarded as the greatest ever English female footballer, she holds the England national team goal scoring record with 46 in 117 games over the course of her 20-year international career. The first English female player to sign a professional contract when in 1999, she joined American team New Jersey Lady Stallions, she also spent three separate spells with Arsenal Ladies. Her long list of honours includes four Premier League titles, three FA Cups and one UEFA Cup. She also played at two World Cups, four European Championships and represented Great Britain at the 2012 Olympic games. Kelly announced her retirement from the game just a few months ago and on Sunday night, was awarded the PFA Special Achievement award. On receiving her award, she said “When I started playing football as a little girl, I would never have imagined I would end up where I did. My 20-year career was phenomenal with lots of highs but I’ve enjoyed every moment of it and feel very privileged to pick up this award.” The main award on the night went to Chelsea’s French midfielder N’golo Kante. The 26year old has had a fantastic season and after miraculously helping Leicester City become Premier League champions in 2016 he looks set to win it again with Chelsea four points clear at the top. Numerous famous faces from the footballing world have sung the praises of Kante including Gary Lineker, Alan Shearer and Danny Murphy. Despite being snubbed for the player of the year shortlist, Tottenham’s Dele Alli won his second consecutive PFA Young Player of the Year award. The midfielder has scored 16 times for Spurs this season as the North London club challenge Chelsea for the title. Former England captain David Beckham received a similar award to Kelly on the night being presented with the PFA’s Merit award for his contribution to the game. Champions after-dinner speakers has a whole host of individuals from the world of sport and entertainment who can provide engaging and informative speaking events and conferences. For booking information on any of our speakers call us on 0207 1010 553 or complete our online form. Dominic Holland & Nasser Hussain At National Ignite Awards Trump Fires US Attorney General Sally Yates British & Irish Lions Tour Of New Zealand Just Two Months Away General Election 2017 Update Find an after dinner speaker Champions Flies Out Dr George Friedman to Address The President of South Africa Champions Arranges For Former GCHQ Director To Speak At Kuwait Investment Forum After Dinner Speaking Darts Speakers Football Speakers Interivews Speaker Spotlights Speaker Topic Watch	cc/2019-30/en_head_0043.json.gz/line2200
__label__cc	0.652912	0.347088	Tag Archives: Rep. Stauber February 8, 2019 Fib-o-Meter Friday, Tech Thursdays, Weekend News"student data rape", AL, Anti Fed Ed Warriors, awards, biometrics, CA, constant stream of data, cooperative agreements, data sharing, Data Standards for Grant Reporting, education, ESSA (Every Student Succeeds Act), everyday moms, Federal Funding Accountability and Transparency Act, Freedom of Information Act, government tracking, grants, House Oversight and Reform Committee, HR 150, HR 150 GREAT Act, HR 50, HR 50 GREAT Act, HR 62, HR 627, HR 69, IA, IL, Medicaid, MN, national data collection, national data mining, NC, non-proprietary data, P3s (public private partnerships), personal property, proprietary data, Rep. Axne, Rep. DesJarlais, Rep. Emmer, Rep. Gomez, Rep. Harder, Rep. Kelly, Rep. Kilmer, Rep. Kline, Rep. Meadows, Rep. Norman, Rep. Palmer, Rep. Quigley, Rep. Rouda, Rep. Stauber, Rep. Virginia Foxx, Rep. Walker, SC, Senate Homeland Security and Governmental Reform, STEM (Science Technology Engineering Math), sub-grants, TANF, TANF (Temporary Assistance for Needy Families), Title 31 U.S. Code Sub-section V, TN, U.S. Congress, U.S. House of Representatives, U.S. News and World Report, U.S. Senate, U.S. Treasury, VA, WA, warriorsmooregrits **Fourth in a Series Highlighting the 116th Congressional session of federal overreaches in the name of education. Anti Fed Ed Warriors, over the years we’ve had quite a bit thrown at us in order to confuse us. No where does this seem to reoccur more than Congress. Especially at the CCSS Machine’s direction. During the past 3 articles, I’ve shown you the massive federal educratic overreaches into our homes, forcing a false ‘choice’ agenda, and, uniting with the (United Nations) UN’s STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and, Math) to basically do the same thing: data track us from cradle to grave. It’s not about academic education, it’s all about jobs and workforce training…just as the UN and the CCSS Machine have been plotting/carrying out. Thank goodness, that part’s not confusing! So, what is confusing, you may be asking? Two federal bills with different numbers from the SAME Chamber of Congress! In the past, on my blog and writing for the Patriot Institute, I shared with you the long used practice of Congress having ‘sister’ bills, but those would come from BOTH Chambers, not one. (Note: Congress uses this system, from what I’ve seen in education research to accomplish one goal: get the agenda through from one side or the other.) Every Congress member should know our position when it comes to fed led education!So, let’s see what these two bills are from the same Chamber. HR 150 and HR 50: HR 150, “Grant Reporting Efficiency and Agreements Transparency Act of 2019” aka GREAT Act (12 pages long) HR 50, GREAT Act aka “Grant Reporting Efficiency and Agreements Transparency Act of 2019” (12 pages long) Both are sponsored by Rep. Virginia Foxx of NC. HR 150 has 15 co-sponsors, has had 1 roll call vote and is in the Senate already (Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs). HR 50 has no co-sponsors, is in the House Committee of Oversight and Reform. Of the 15 co-sponsors for HR 150, 7 are from the introduction (1/3/19), the others have co–sponsored since then. Original House Representatives: Gomez (CA), Quigley and Kelly (IL), DesJarlais (TN), Palmer (AL), and Kilmer (WA). The other 8 Representatives are: Rouda and Harder (CA), Meadows (NC), Norman (SC), Axne (IA), Kline (VA), Stauber and Emmer (MN). Before we look at the text of HR 150/HR 50, let me remind you of Rep. Foxx’s stance on ‘quality’ education: What HR 150/50 Say and Do: Warriors, here’s a list of what we can expect: 1) Either will modernize the federal government’s grant reporting system and ‘other purposes’. What this means is if you received a federal grant or are in a cooperative agreement with the federal government, you’re about to be more data tracked than ever before. How this can related to education is via all the grants, sub-grants, and cooperative agreements mandated in ESSA, Every Student Succeeds Act. 2) An imposition of data standards will be visited upon each recipient and participant of grants, sub-grants, and, cooperative agreements. 3) In charge of the imposition of data standards AND implementing data streams will be the Director of the Office and Budget Management. Why THAT director? To be in compliance with the Federal Funding Accountability and Transparency Act of 2006 (31 7 U.S.C. 6101 note). The purpose? From Page 2 “which includes the development of a ‘‘comprehensive taxonomy of standard definitions for core data elements required for managing Federal financial assistance awards’’ . How this will play out for you and I is whatever data is taken it will be quicker, less burdensome for P3s (public private partnerships), and better manage us, at least as far as our data. 4) These bills will strengthen the federal government in oversight and management of all the grant recipients and cooperative partners. 5) Both bills will amend Subtitle V (5) of Title 31 of the United States Code by creating a brand new chapter titled “Data Standards for Grant Reporting”. Title 31 deals with money and finance, subtitle V deals with general assistance administration. Look below at where Chapter 64 would land between: Within this new chapter you’ll find that ‘core data elements’ mean they aren’t specific to what program, but are still required by the federal government for all or most of all the grants, awards, cooperative agreements, and sub-grants. You’ll also learn that what the federal government defines as grants, sub-grants, awards, and cooperative agreements isn’t always in money form. As such, it’s up for grabs to be data tracked. While the federal government is setting these data standards, the States must comply. At the bare minimum, unique identifiers for federal awards and their groups will be tracked government wide. How it is determined which federal agency set these data standards? The Executive agency which has the MOST activity!! What is this? Grade school games?! Who gets tracked? Basically everybody. Supposedly whatever data is collected is to be ‘fully searchable and machine readable’ as well as ‘non-proprietary’ overseen by ‘voluntary consensus standards bodies’. All the while this is going on the U.S. Treasury will act as consultant. Other consultants could include any head of a federal agency (giving the awards), those receiving awards, the private sector experts (including privacy ones), and State/local governments. 6) Guiding all this data collection? The federal government. The federal government will explore new opportunities to involve modern technology in the data collection/sharing. All this is to take place with 2 years of the bills becoming law. Within 3 years, all future data collection/standards/sharing must be in full compliance. 7) On page 9, you’ll find one of those ‘other purposes’ coming to life. It’s called the Single Audit Act. This is where the ‘federal clearinghouse’ for data is dependent on the new Chapter 64 that HR150 and HR 50 put into place. 8) By 4 years after HR 150 and HR 50 become law, data is to be made public. It’s here that you’ll see that the Director of the Office Management and Budget determines ‘reasonable restrictions’ to personal and private data. Is this determination at the federal government’s definition or of ‘We the People’? Ah..the answer is whatever’s shareable by the Freedom of Information Act, is what can be shared in the future… 9) On the bottom of Page 10, you’ll find the Director and the Secretary of whichever federal agency gives the most grants, etc. set what data is ‘non proprietary’ or what isn’t. By the last page of these bills you’ll find a classic federal government CYA statement about no new data which isn’t already fair game for the government will be used. Warriors, if you’re wondering about the difference of ‘non proprietary’ data as far as the federal government, it means data they produced or generated. However, take into consideration that 9/10 of the data the government collects comes from proprietary (meaning your personal property) data/information. Again, CONTEXT, Warriors. Think what Chapter 64 means for education. Think about the algorithms needs in those high-stake assessments or behavior interventions. Think about the biometrics involved. Lastly, note that HR 150 has been slammed through the House and is in the Senate. This Bill needs to be killed. HR 50, needs to die in its Committee. Call, email, text, or use social media. These Bills, HR 150 and HR 50, are data raping pimps to be used by the federal government. Look at the future plans being made here!!!! 1) To access the 2018 government tracking grant information from a citizen’s aspect (as well as where you’ll find the grant stream picture above), go here. 2) I tried to find a recent list of the top grant awarding federal agencies. The most recent I could find was 2010: Are you confused yet, as to how much the federal government means to track us from cradle to grave? We shouldn’t be, Bills like this exact pair are super dangerous. Let D.C. know you’re not going to allow this!! My next article in this series will look at the educratic/data rape aspects for Medicaid, TANF, and everyday Moms.	cc/2019-30/en_head_0043.json.gz/line2206
__label__cc	0.568588	0.431412	Different Seasons Read a sample Read a sample Includes the stories "The Body" and "Rita Hayworth and Shawshank Redemption"—set in the fictional town of Castle Rock, Maine A "hypnotic" (The New York Times Book Review) collection of four novellas—including the inspirations behind the films Stand By Me and The Shawshank Redemption—from Stephen King, bound together by the changing of seasons, each taking on the theme of a journey with strikingly different tones and characters. This gripping collection begins with "Rita Hayworth and the Shawshank Redemption," in which an unjustly imprisoned convict seeks a strange and startling revenge—the basis for the Best Picture Academy Award-nominee The Shawshank Redemption. Next is "Apt Pupil," the inspiration for the film of the same name about top high school student Todd Bowden and his obsession with the dark and deadly past of an older man in town. In "The Body," four rambunctious young boys plunge through the façade of a small town and come face-to-face with life, death, and intimations of their own mortality. This novella became the movie Stand By Me. Finally, a disgraced woman is determined to triumph over death in "The Breathing Method." "The wondrous readability of his work, as well as the instant sense of communication with his characters, are what make Stephen King the consummate storyteller that he is," hailed the Houston Chronicle about Different Seasons. Kindle Book OverDrive Read Fiction Short Stories Suspense Thriller Lexile® Measure:890 Text Difficulty:4-5 Stephen King - Author Lexile® Measure: 890 Text Difficulty: 4-5	cc/2019-30/en_head_0043.json.gz/line2214
__label__wiki	0.780872	0.780872	Jennifer Pellet in Leadership Development Leadership/Management LexisNexis CEO Andy Prozes: Trials and Triumphs When Andy Prozes took the helm at LexisNexis in 2000, the com pany was the go-to resource for legal records, relied upon by law firms and corporate law departments as a one-stop resource for all manner of articles and public records. In fact, among the legal community, “LexisNexis” was practically a verb, as in “I’ll Lexis it and see what turns up.” That kind of brand equity-a name that’s synonymous with the service you provide-is tough to come by. As Prozes is finding out, it’s also tough to change. Seven years later, LexisNexis is a very different company, but “the market doesn’t understand that we’re no longer a database company,” says Prozes, who spent the last seven years working to transform LexisNexis from primarily a research entity into a strategically aligned, global solutions provider. “When I came on board, we were a very dispirited, [disjointed] company that was losing out to our prime competitor, Thompson,” recounts Canadianborn Prozes, who has seen revenues rise from $1.9 billion (2001) to $3.2 billion (2007) under his tenure. “We needed to build a global organization that was unified under a common brand around a common strategy, and to focus on improving our products through a renewed emphasis on technology.” Prozes lost no time taking steps to bring the ailing collection of disparate country operations of Lexis- Nexis, a division of Reed Elsevier based in New York City, into alignment. “It was remarkably difficult, and still is,” he says. “To compare an operation in Malaysia, for example-where the people speak a different language, live and work in a different time zone, have an entirely different set of customers- to what we do in Germany or France or Australia isn’t an easy concept.” In addition to forging a corporate culture capable of embracing the local cultures of LexisNexis outposts across the globe, Prozes faced the challenge of shifting the company’s business focus. “We’ve essentially taken the information we have and added technology based workflow tools to allow, typically, legal practitioners, but other information practitioners as well, to do their jobs better and more quickly,” he explains. Much of that additional technology came to LexisNexis through a series of acquisitions-35 over the past nine years-which had to be integrated into the company’s offerings and sold to a client base spread out over more than 100 countries. “Lawyers all over the world need to handle their practices, get new clients, handle litigation, apply for patents and so on,” says Prozes. Delivering such information-based solutions to lawyers across the globe comprises the bulk of LexisNexis’ total revenue-about 75 percent. While the U.S. market still accounts for a hefty two-thirds of that revenue, the balance is beginning to shift. LexisNexis already has significant business in the U.K., France, Canada, Australia and Germany, and Prozes expects “explosive growth” in markets like India, Taiwan, Korea and China. In addition to that global growth, he’s banking on the fast-growing sector of risk information analysis (RIA) to continue to drive Lexis- Nexis’ profits going forward. “RIA has grown dramatically, and continues to grow in the double digits,” says Prozes, who says the credit card boom and security concerns are the principal drivers of that growth. “Laws about [privacy] are much more stringent here in the U.S. and in the U.K., which means that you have to rely much, much more on news articles to verify that people are who they say they are-and we have by far the largest database of news articles of anybody else on the face of the Earth.” Next Read: 9th Annual CEO2CEO Summit » " Jennifer Pellet : As editor-at-large at Chief Executive magazine, Jennifer Pellet writes feature stories and CEO roundtable coverage and also edits various sections of the publication.."	cc/2019-30/en_head_0043.json.gz/line2215
__label__wiki	0.619709	0.619709	FLYING HEADSPACE TO DELIVER SERVICES FROM MARREE & OODNADATTA By Coober Pedy Regional Times on April 24, 2019 • ( Leave a comment ) Flying Headspace partner RFDS has been the pre-emminent provider of travelling remote health services for 90 years Federal Member for Grey Rowan Ramsey said he is very pleased to announce a Federal Government investment of $600,000 for a new and innovative flying headspace model based out of Port Augusta to provide young people in the outback with mental health support. Mr Ramsey said Headspace will collaborate with the Royal Flying Doctor Service and deliver services from their clinic sites at Maree and Oodnadatta. “The demand for mental health services does not cease when you leave a built up area and how we deliver the best services possible to remote areas is a challenge,” he said. “However, what we do know is that the RFDS has been the pre-emminent provider of travelling remote health services for 90 years. It stands to reason that we should turn to them to extend mental health care services. “By comparison headspace is realtively young having been established by the Howard Government and now grown to more 115 centres Australia-wide. With the addition of this service and the recently announced service in Port Lincoln we will now have four in Grey. “With the budget providing $111 million for additional headspace units I am lobbying hard for sites at Port Pirie and the Copper Coast. “Headspace which is funded through SA Country Primary Health Network, is doing great work and we know if we can help young people early it is much more likely we can rectify their issues and improve their life. The service provides a double edged benefit, with healthier, happier, more productive people contributing far more to Australia’s future. “Headspace is the obvious choice to partner with the RFDS. “It can be difficult to provided specialised services for small populations, their needs are often complex, multiple and multi-generational and every bit as important as those who live in populated areas. This partnership is certainly an exciting outcome.” Acting Primary Care Manager RFDS Port Augusta Base Mandy Smallacombe said the RFDS exists to provide the finest care to support healthy, happier Australians, no matter where you live, work and play. “We have been on a course of expanding our mental health care team on the back of an increased funding commitment from the Commonwealth Government, which is greatly needed in outback communities,” she said. “We also identified an outstanding gap in specialist support for adolescent and young people, which working in partnership with Country SA Primary Heath Network and Headspace we can now help to address in these communities.” One in four young Australians aged 16 to 24 years experiences mental ill-health in any given year and three quarters of all mental illness first manifests in people under the age of 25. Mr Ramsey said the government is prioritising better mental health for all Australians with a record $4.7 billion expected to be spent on mental health this financial year alone. “The Flying Headspace is part of a $461m national strategy complementing a comprehensive Youth Mental Health and Suicide Prevention Plan announced in the Budget and represents the single largest investment in youth suicide prevention in Australia’s history.” he said. Categories: FAR NORTH News & Events, GENERAL News, OODNADATTA News & Events CAR AND CARAVAN ROLLOVER IN FAR NORTH – TOURISTS MUST SLOW DOWN ON DIRT ROADS FLOOD WATERS FROM QUEENSLAND MOVING INTO KATI THANDA-LAKE EYRE	cc/2019-30/en_head_0043.json.gz/line2219
__label__cc	0.616001	0.383999	“Anuradhapura is famous for its well-preserved ruins of ancient Sri Lankan civilization. It is one of the oldest continuously inhabited cities in… Sigiriya Rock Fortress “Sigiriya – Lion Rock – is an ancient rock fortress. The site was selected by King Kasyapa (477 – 495 CE) for… “Galle Fort was built first in 1588 by the Portuguese, then fortified by the Dutch during the 17th century from 1649 onwards…. “Polonnaruwa was the seat of the Sinhalese kings from the eleventh to the thirteenth century. It has many monuments marked by Hindu… Dambulla Cave Temple “It is the largest and best preserved cave temple complex in Sri Lanka. Major site is formed by five caves containing buddhist… “Sinharaja Forest Reserve is a biodiversity hotspot of international significance. The hilly virgin rainforest, part of the Sri Lanka lowland rain forests… 2001 — 2019 © Tito Dupret \| Cuicui.be \| World Heritage Tour \| Wonders of the World	cc/2019-30/en_head_0043.json.gz/line2222
__label__wiki	0.980471	0.980471	Current (https://current.org/2016/09/pbs-makes-changes-sarasohn-leaves-npr-after-24-years-and-more-comings-and-goings-in-public-media/) PBS makes changes, Sarasohn leaves NPR after 24 years and more comings and goings in public media By Dru Sefton, Senior Editor \| September 29, 2016 PBS has reorganized its digital and marketing team, while also hiring and promoting executives in other departments. Ira Rubenstein, who joined PBS in 2014 as s.v.p. and g.m., PBS Digital, rises to chief digital and marketing officer. During his tenure he has supervised expansion of PBS’s content to mobile devices, over-the-top services and other digital platforms. He also oversaw work on the recent PBS.org refresh. Kenji Thielstrom joined Rubenstein’s team earlier this month as v.p., creative services. Thielstrom oversees creative and brand direction and campaigns for prime-time programs. He most recently worked as creative director at Los Angeles–based DG Entertainment. Thielstrom also worked on the promotional campaign for Wolf Hall on Masterpiece. Elsewhere in the digital unit, Don Wilcox, v.p., multiplatform marketing and content, takes on new responsibilities. Previously Wilcox focused on marketing for general-audience digital efforts; now he also oversees on-air general-audience content. He still handles social and digital content for PBS Digital Studios. And Karen Baile, v.p. digital and marketing, adds oversight of the Business Intelligence Group to her portfolio. That group is developing new strategies using data analysis. Dunford In programming, PBS has hired James E. Dunford, a 27-year veteran of WGBH in Boston, as v.p., programming and operations. Dunford will oversee program screening and packaging as well as standards and archiving. He will also handle project tracking, program delivery and metadata management. Most recently Dunford worked as managing director at American Experience, overseeing operations including content distribution and presentation, audience development, promotion, communications, postproduction and digital production. Dunford begins work Oct. 3. Two members of the technology and operations team take on new roles. Chris Homer, who joined PBS in 2013 as v.p., operations and engineering, becomes v.p., engineering. He will hone his focus on management of engineering and technical maintenance for PBS’s network, satellite and media operations centers. Before arriving at PBS, Homer served as v.p. of broadcast operations at DIRECTV, managing broadcast centers throughout the U.S. And Renard Jenkins, senior director, operations, rises to v.p., operations. Jenkins, who joined PBS in 2010, will lead media operations and distribution at technical facilities in Washington, D.C., and Arlington and Springfield, Va. Earlier in his career Jenkins helped design, build and lead the production facility for the TV One cable network. In the legal realm, Katherine Lauderdale, former s.v.p., general counsel and corporate secretary, becomes chief legal officer and corporate secretary. She leads the legal department as well as the corporate secretary’s office, government affairs and standards and practices departments. Before joining PBS in June 2002, Lauderdale was s.v.p., strategic partnerships and general counsel at WTTW in Chicago. Sara Sarasohn, managing director of NPR One, has decided “it’s time to get out of my comfort zone and explore something new,” she told Current in an email. Sarasohn said she will join a Silicon Valley startup. She has led work on NPR’s audio app for three years. Sarasohn joined NPR in 1991 as a producer, moving to senior editor in 2002. NPR One Editorial Lead Tamar Charney will take over many of her duties, Sarasohn said. “There will be more growth at NPR One over the next year, so please stay tuned,” she added. Jasmine Garsd is leaving NPR this month to become a multimedia reporter for the Across Women’s Lives project from PRI’s The World and Global Post. Currently Garsd co-hosts Alt.Latino, NPR Music’s weekly show about Latin rock, indie, hip-hop and alternative. She previously reported for NPR from Mexico and Texas. Wendy Turner, v.p. of digital and technical operations at Chicago Public Media, is the new executive director and general manager of WKSU-FM at Kent State University in Ohio. Turner joined CPM in 2000 as assistant membership manager, rose to direct on-air and online fundraising and membership, and also served as g.m. of its Vocalo.org. She started her public media career at Minnesota Public Radio in 1994 as a telemarketing associate. Turner succeeds Dan Skinner, who left WKSU in October 2015 to direct Kansas Public Radio and its Audio–Reader Network. Marea Chaveco, executive director of Futuro Media Group for the past five years, has resigned. “In the last few months, I have thought deeply about what I want to be doing in the world,” Chaveco wrote to colleagues in an email. “More and more I believe it will be working to empower women and girls around the world.” During Chaveco’s tenure, the production company founded by public broadcaster Maria Hinojosa moved to new offices in Harlem, won a Peabody Award, increased its budget from $800,000 to $2.8 million and grew staff from five to 19. FMG produces content including Latino USA for NPR and America By The Numbers with Maria Hinojosa for public TV. The Online News Association has promoted Irving Washington to executive director. Washington, ONA deputy director since 2011, will succeed Jane McDonnell Jan. 1. Currently he is responsible for directing business operations for the organization, managing its annual conference, and overseeing the organization’s AP–Google Journalism and Technology Scholarship, MJ Bear Fellowship and Online Journalism Awards. Earlier in his career Washington managed programs for the National Association of Black Journalists and coordinated diversity education for the Radio Television Digital News Foundation, which promotes the hiring, training, promotion and retention of professionals of color in television, radio and digital news. WQPT-TV in Moline, Ill., has hired two development professionals. Andrew Orrego-Lindstad is directing development. He recently served in the same position at Second Wind Fund, a statewide youth and child suicide prevention mental health provider in Denver. And Brian Wilson fills the new position of underwriter and outreach coordinator. Wilson previously worked as an account executive at the North Scott Press newspaper in nearby Eldridge, Iowa. Five new members have joined the Digital Media Advisory Council, a group of PBS member station staffers who help stations collaborate with PBS Digital. New to the group are: Patricia Breen, web designer, Vegas PBS; Patty Lindley, digital director, Cascade Public Media, Seattle; Taylor Shore, digital content manager, Iowa Public Television, Johnston; Jess Snyder, senior manager, web systems, WETA, Washington, D.C.; and Cheraine Stanford, senior producer/director, WPSU, State College, Pa. DMAC members serve two or three years. Colorado Public Radio has hired Jim Hill as assistant digital editor. Previously he spent five years as editor and digital media manager at KUNC-FM in Greeley, Colo. President Obama has nominated Brent Nelsen for a second term on the CPB Board. Nelsen chairs the South Carolina Educational Television Commission and is a professor of political science at Furman University in Greenville, S.C. Nelsen also chairs the CPB Board’s spectrum committee. His nomination, announced Sept. 28, goes to the Senate for confirmation. Kentucky Educational Television in Lexington has hired Jorge E. González as senior director of technology. González, who has more than 20 years of experience in the field, most recently served as v.p. of engineering at Puerto Rico Public Broadcasting Corp. That service, with two radio and two television stations, includes WIPR-TV, the first educational television station in Latin America. Laura Isensee, education reporter at Houston Public Media’s News 88.7, was selected for a fellowship in Pakistan this month through the International Center for Journalists. The center’s U.S.-Pakistan Professional Partnership in Journalism program is a multiyear initiative funded by the U.S. Department of State’s Bureau of Educational and Cultural Affairs to bring 230 Pakistani media professionals to the U.S. and send 70 U.S. journalists to Pakistan. Isensee is learning about Pakistani journalism and life through site visits and interviews. She is also extending her stay to work on an education reporting project for News 88.7 and is documenting her journey. The Association of Independents in Radio has selected the latest class for its New Voices mentorship program. They are: Geraldine Ah-Sue, is creator of In Plain Sight, a podcast about activism by Asian and Asian American women; Ann Marie Awad, education reporter for KUNC in Northern Colorado; Reginald Black, Washington, D.C.-based writer and founding member of the Homeless Filmmakers Co-op; Lakeidra Chavis, reporter for KTOO Public Media in Juneau, Alaska; native Inupiaq documentarian Joel de Jesus; Mimansa Dogra, part of KUOW’s youth media program RadioActive in Seattle; Keisha “TK” Dutes, co-founder of Bondfire Radio, an interactive digital network; Rebekah Entralgo, radio news intern at WLRN-FM in Miami; Alisha Hall, mother of three and recent graduate from University Park, Ill.; Asha Lane, based in New Orleans, working on Unprisoned, a WWNO series on how prison affects families; Krystina Martinez, Morning Edition producer and reporter for KERA in Dallas; Sarika Mehta, founder, host and producer of Intersections Radio, a podcast about identity politics, race, ethnicity and intersectionality; journalist Jenni Monet, who focuses on global indigenous societies; Vikram Patel, who produces the Anchorage-based storytelling program “Arctic Entries”; Samantha Sabin, who produces Good Grief, a narrative-driven podcast about her reconnection with her Native ancestry after her father’s death; and Afi Yellow-Duke, a producer at the narrative music journalism podcast Pitch. Send People items to sefton@current.org One thought on “PBS makes changes, Sarasohn leaves NPR after 24 years and more comings and goings in public media” Vinko Milić - The NewsHour Fan on September 29, 2016 at 11:06 pm said: Very interesting for a member of ‘GBH. Good job now on PBS.	cc/2019-30/en_head_0043.json.gz/line2224
__label__wiki	0.759018	0.759018	cygnoir.net the black swan with digital wings Foibles Writers’ Bloc at the Science Festival. On 8 April 2014 14 April 2014 By Halsted M. BernardIn Writing Writers’ Bloc at the Science Festival Writers’ Bloc returns to the Edinburgh International Science Festival for The Culture Collider, an exploration of weird science and stranger arts. The show starts at 8pm on Sunday the 13th of April in the Red Lecture Theatre, Summerhall. I will be reading a new story. Hope to see you there. [more info · tickets · more of my fiction] Edinburgh International Science Festivaleventsspoken wordWriters' Bloc Haze and howl. Writers’ Bloc at Eastercon 2014. 2 thoughts on “Writers’ Bloc at the Science Festival.” I hope that you have a wonderful time and that all goes well. Can we read your story after you do? cygnoir Thank you! Yes, of course. I will send it along. 🙂 Hello What Halsted M. Bernard Public library director. Speculative fiction writer. Always writing things down with nice pens. She/her. Opinions and ink choices my own. Enter your email address to follow cygnoir.net and receive notifications of new posts by email. Also Me @cygnoir on Mastodon @cygnoir on Micro.blog @cygnoir on Twitter I Like Facts Washington Post Fact Checker I Like People Alberto Yáñez Andrew C. Ferguson Bram E. Gieben Courtney P.K. Darren S. Layne Gavin Inglis Kaite Welsh Kirsti Wishart Lynsey May Sarah Kanning Scott Boone Shark Sketchbook Tom M. 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The opinions and views expressed therein are solely the author’s and not of any organization or employer. They are also subject to change, because the author is human, fallible, and always learning. Caveat lector.	cc/2019-30/en_head_0043.json.gz/line2226
__label__wiki	0.964604	0.964604	Former American football player receives regents’ alumnus award Steve Gleason's organization has donated over $1.8 million in technology and equipment WSU alumnus and former football player was presented with the Regents’ Distinguished Alumnus Award for his contributions to finding a cure for ALS. KEISHA BROKAW \| The Daily Evergreen JACOB MOORE, Evergreen recreation editor Cougar alumnus and former American football player Steve Gleason was presented with the Regents’ Distinguished Alumnus Award on Thursday. Gleason, who was greeted with a sizable crowd, was a four-year letter winner for the WSU baseball and football teams. Once Gleason was given the chance to speak, the crowd welcomed him with an extensive applause. He immediately had the audience laughing. “I’ll have to admit, until just a few weeks ago, I thought regents was a cafeteria,” Gleason said through his technology. Keeping his speech short, Gleason ended by thanking family and friends like former Cougar football Head Coach Mike Price. When Gleason played for Price, he specifically remembered one thing that he believes sums up what being a Cougar is all about. “I’m interested in what you can do for other people that can’t do anything for you in return,” Gleason said. Steve Gleason is a former NFL safety. More famously, Gleason is known for his documented battle with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), informally known as Lou Gehrig’s Disease. He started the Team Gleason foundation with the help of his friends and family, which has benefited many by raising public awareness and money for treatments. One speaker said that while most people dream about doing something, Gleason just does it. He reiterated the point that Gleason is a game-changer on and off the field. Top-of-the-line technology has helped Gleason communicate his message that there will be, “no white flags.” In this, Gleason’s determination has been an inspiration to many. Team Gleason has donated over $1.8 million to find a cure for ALS. Due to the viral Ice Bucket Challenge in 2014, Team Gleason raised nearly $1 million, according to the Team Gleason website. In over a year since the start of the challenge, Team Gleason donated over $1.8 million worth of technology and equipment. Though, the foundation ultimately hopes a cure will be found. The regents award one alumnus or alumna for their distinguished work that touches the world every year. They must examine a lengthy list of candidates and make the tough decision of choosing one. Some past recipients include astronaut John Fabian and broadcast journalist Edward R. Murrow. By the end of this year’s award ceremony, the entire crowd was standing and cheering the WSU fight song in honor of Gleason. JACOB MOORE, Former Evergreen sports editor Jacob Moore is a junior sport management major from Tacoma. He graduated in December 2016. Franks signs contract with Charlotte Hornets Cardinals select Jalen Thompson in NFL Supplemental Draft Rypien pleads not guilty to domestic violence, assault charge Moscow Community People, their dogs run for animals on Palouse ‘Tomboy’ to Rumble Bee: Story of Growth ‘We’re pushing each other to be strong and powerful’ Fraternity rides to raise awareness for disabilities Women athletes don’t perform for male viewers pleasure Future generations should pursue sport careers	cc/2019-30/en_head_0043.json.gz/line2227
__label__wiki	0.707732	0.707732	Tag Archives: Saket Chaudhary March 22, 2014 by Rohit Jagadeesan The Skin I Live In (Spain, 2011) [ IMDB: 7.6, Rotten Tomatoes: 84%] An accomplished plastic surgeon who is obsessed with creating the perfect skin after his wife’s tragic death achieves a breakthrough after more than a decade of persistence. He has a patient in captivity who is a guinea pig for him to try his new accomplishment on. It is the mysterious past of this patient that holds key to the story as it unfolds. Told with the trademark panache of Pedro Almodovar, this film did not get the attention it deserved when it was released. It may be because Almodovar is a director who has made many films on gender issues and this one obliquely pays respect to that. It is also one of his latter films without Penelope Cruz. Such minor details aside, the film is a really good watch with Antonio Banderas showing us that he has it in him to step up to the plate when required, in the acting department. Subramaniapuram (India, 2008) [IMDB: 7.6, Rotten Tomatoes: Not yet rated) ‘Subramaniapuram’ is a film that brought a zest to movie making in the Tamil film industry. Set in 1980, the film follows the story of five educated unemployed men in the rural heartland of Tamil Nadu (in South India). This is one of my personal favourites. (Spoilers Ahead) What starts as a simple romance slowly turns into a violent tragedy. The film gets its setting and feel right but the tale could have held on its own in any era. The cinematography and music add to the merit of the movie. There are some really good touches. It requires a certain vision to have one of the five men as physically challenged. That explains the whole movie in the opening sequence and in the climax without having to utter a word. A must watch. Philips and the Monkey Pen (India, Malayalam,2013) [IMDB: 7.6, Rotten Tomatoes: Not yet rated] An absolutely delightful story of a boy who fears his mathematics classes like the plague and who has a streak of trouble making. Congratulations are in for the producers who showed the guts to finance a film with a young kid at the centre of the story. They also made sure that no effort is spared in the making of it, as is evident from the good production quality. A special mention must also be made of the background score which sets the right tempo for the movie. All this fade into the background when compared with the wonderful performances of the kids in the film. Some of the scenes and lines are too hilarious and it is all helped by the fact that the film has a story to tell. Two thumbs up. Jackass Presents: Bad Grandpa (2013 [IMDB: 6.7, Rotten Tomatoes: 64%] This one is about the trip a ‘grandfather’ takes his grandson with him to return the grandson to his father. In other words, it is an excuse for a road trip in which a young man dressed up as a grandpa takes a younger brat with him to play a series of pranks on unsuspecting strangers. At many levels, the film tries to be outrageous and funny but usually is just outrageous. There are a few funny moments though but they are far and few in between the ones that concentrate on body parts. Recommended for those who can find fun in toilet humour and juvenile jokes. Shaadi Ke Side Effects (India,2014) [ IMDB: 5.8, Rotten Tomatoes: 36%] It remains a mystery how some movies get sequels in Bollywood when the original itself was a pain to watch. The only good thing about the movie is the title and even talents like Vidya Balan and Farhan Akhtar are wasted in roles that demand nothing of them. A married couple have a kid and then they have difficulty in coping up the upbringing of the kid. You see, they are having a kid for the first time. So they have no prior experience in the matter. Then the merry go around starts when they start imagining problems when there are none. They start lying to each other with the premise that small lies lead to a happy marriage. Some stretch of imagination, I must say. I guess the filmmakers could have just titled the film ‘Baby’ because that in their opinion is the side effect of a marriage. Highway (India, 2014) [ IMDb: 7.9, Rotten Tomatoes: 70%] Imtiaz Ali makes nicely packaged movies with zero content like ‘Love Aaj Kal’ and ‘Rockstar’ where the actresses put in shoddy performances in the name of acting. ‘Highway’ is just another addition to the list. A young girl gets kidnapped on the eve of her wedding and then she has a bout of Stockholm syndrome. The movie then becomes an excuse for taking the lead characters around the country on a trip with a very easy ending to boot. Even the music by A R Rahman is tepid. An absolute bore of a movie in which even Randeep Hooda fails to perform. Indie Game: The Movie (2012) [ IMDB: 7.8, Rotten Tomatoes: 93%] A look at the world of independent game developers and the passion they bring to the scene. Insightful. The : D Retrospective The Devil Wears Prada (2006) [ IMDb: 6.8, Rotten Tomatoes: 76%] Anne Hathaway is the wet behind the ears office assistant to Meryl Streep in the adaptation of the novel by the same title reportedly based on true events. The characters are all so well etched out that Meryl Streep could be held liable for torturing kids. Even when playing a character everyone loves to hate, she oozes class and literally makes the film her own. The dialogues are razor sharp and quite often acerbic. If you want a primer on how to torture employees, this one could be of great help and still be entertaining. Romancing the Stone (1984) [ IMDb: 6.9, Rotten Tomatoes: 86%] A writer goes to Colombia to rescue her kidnapped sister and in the process gets into an adventure she didn’t bargain for. She also meets her love in dashing Michael Douglas. Kathleen Turner though does not make it count. She largely has a wooden performance but this works in her favour as that is what the role demands. That also makes it a case of good casting. Also thrown in are few rides in the forest and a very happy ending. A good watch for a lazy evening. Fatal Attraction (1987) [ IMDB: 6.9, Rotten Tomatoes: 71%] A box office hit from the glory days of Michael Douglas, ‘Fatal Attraction’ tells the story of an obsessive woman a man wants to avoid to save his marriage. The performances are all top notch and the film has the mood of a thriller which is what separates it from the countless movies based on a similar theme. Even when it is predictable and has an obvious ending, the film keeps you interested with the pacy screenplay and antics of the characters which are at times unpredictable. Eagerly Waiting for: ‘Noah’ because it a Darron Aronofsky film starring Russell Crowe and Jennifer Connelly. Did you know: The real Frank Abagnale Jr. appears in Catch Me If You Can as the French policeman who arrests Di Caprio. Tagged Adrian Grenier, Adrian Lyne, Alia Bhatt, Anne Archer, Anne Hathaway, Antonio Banderas, Danny DeVito, David Frankel, Durgesh Kumar, Edmund McMillen, Elena Anaya, Farhan Akhtar, Glenn Close, Greg Harris, IMDB, Jackson Nicoll, James Swirsky, Jan Cornet, Jayasurya, Jeff Tremaine, Johnny Knoxville, Jonathan Blow, Kathleen Turner, La piel que habito, Lisanne Pajot, Meryl Streep, Michael Douglas, Mukesh Babu, Pedro Almodovar, Phil Fish, Philips and the Monkey Pen, Randeep Hooda, Robert Zemeckis, Rojin Philip, Rotten Tomatoes, Saket Chaudhary, Shanil Muhammed, Vidya Balan, Vijay Babu, Vir Das	cc/2019-30/en_head_0043.json.gz/line2231
__label__wiki	0.556254	0.556254	Pakistan, World Pakistan sends dossier to UN on ‘eco-terrorism’ by India * Demarche urges global community to condemn New Delhi's 'strike against nature' in Balakot jungle * UNEP asked to strip Modi of 'Champion of Earth' title for authorising the strike daily times monitor/agencies Pakistan on Friday submitted a demarche to the United Nations, urging the world body to declare India an ‘environmental terrorist’ for bombing trees and harming animals on its soil, a private TV channel reported. The move comes after Indian jets carried out a botched air strike in Balakot area last month, leading to heightened tensions between the two nuclear-armed states. “On February 26, Indian Air Force planes dropped payload shamefully on Pakistani forests and tried to damage the country’s environmental assets in the attack,” said the official complaint lodged with the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) against what it described as India’s ‘strike against nature’ on the Pakistani soil. A letter, penned by Advisor to Prime Minister on Climate Change Malik Amin Aslam Khan, apprised the global authority of the facts surrounding the illegal incursion into Pakistan by the Indian Air Force and the resultant damage to natural assets. According to the demarche, the payload dropped by Indian military aircraft fell into an area which is a forest reserve enjoying legal protection under Section 20 of The Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Forest Ordinance, 2002. “Damage caused to such a forest is punishable under Section 26 of the law, which entails imprisonment of up to two years with a minimum of one year imprisonment if the damage exceeds a value of Rs100,000,” it read. The letter also sought to highlight that the impacted forest area was an enclosure in the ongoing Billion Tree Tsunami (BTT) project of the KP government, which has successfully restored 600,000 hectares of forest area thus far. “The BTT project has received global recognition by international environmental bodies, including the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), the World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF) and the World Economic Forum (WEF). The BTT initiative under the Global ‘Bonn Challenge’ became the first entity to have met its target,” the demarche added. The letter notified the UN that an expert group was tasked by the Ministry of Climate Change with carrying out an independent ‘Natural Resource Damage Assessment’ of the impacted site. The expert group included technical hands from international organisations, including the IUCN and WWF. “A ‘brazen attack’ by India on one of the country’s most precious and prized natural assets cannot be considered anything short of ‘eco-terrorism’, which is defined as the ‘destruction or the threat of destruction of the environment by states, groups, or individuals in order to intimidate or to coerce governments or civilians’ by Encyclopedia Britannica,” the letter read. The demarche also cited global norms such as the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court, particularly Article 8 (2)(a)(iv) as well as Article 8 (2) b (ii) and (iv) which, when read together, constitute the perpetration of the act as a serious ‘war crime’. “Furthermore, according to Articles 35(3) and 55(1) of Protocol 1 of the Geneva Convention of August 12, 1949, warfare that may cause widespread, long term and severe damage to the natural environment and attacks against the natural environment during warfare are clearly prohibited. The globally accepted conventions stand openly breached by this Indian incursion,” the PM’s advisor argued in the letter. “Quite clearly, India chose to surgically target Pakistan’s natural assets in an area of global natural significance. These pristine protected areas were subjected to an aggression which is against the spirit of valuing nature and for which the entire planet is in unison for protection,” the letter noted. “Pakistan’s environment was the silent victim of this insanity and aggression, which questions India’s commitments and obligations under various international conventions,” the letter firmly stated. Pakistan sought the following actions for redressal, “1. This strike against nature be ostracised and condemned across the global community which values nature. 2. The person who authorised this illegal act, Narendra Modi, be stripped of the ‘Champion of Earth’ title bestowed upon him by UNEP, as his actions clearly contradict his ‘green’ rhetoric.”	cc/2019-30/en_head_0043.json.gz/line2234
__label__wiki	0.764952	0.764952	HomePosts tagged 'Alauddin Khilji' Alauddin Khilji Preetisheel Singh recreates Padmaavat’s Alauddin Khilji look for Sabse Smart Kaun promo on Star Plus 21 May 2018 21 May 2018 Dale Bhagwagar Media Group PRESS RELEASES Alauddin Khilji, Padmaavat, Preetisheel Singh, Sabse Smart Kaun, Star Plus National Award-winning makeup, hair and prosthetic designer Preetisheel Singh won tremendous acclaim when she designed Ranveer Singh’s look as Alauddin Khilji in Sanjay Leela Bhansali’s Padmaavat. This week, she has recreated that look for actor Ravi Dubey for Sabse Smart Kaun; a game show on Star Plus, which aims to test people’s common sense. Ravi is donning various looks for the show’s promotions, one of them being Alauddin Khilji and another one of yesteryears’ villain Ajit. The Jamai Raja actor recently shared his Khilji look on Instagram with a caption, “the magician behind the look is the awesome Preetisheel.” The transformations Preetisheel carried out with Ranveer Singh, Shahid Kapoor and Deepika Padukone’s looks in Padmaavat had the industry and media hailing her as the undisputed No.1 makeup, hair and prosthetic designer. However, it can be noted that this was not the first time she worked on a historical. Her work in the pre-Mughal epic Nanak Shah Fakir bagged her the coveted National Film Award for Best Makeup. Re-released amidst controversy this year, the film has once again created ripples. The lady’s work also received abundant praise for the recently released Amitabh Bachchan-Rishi Kapoor starrer 102 Not Out. Her talent will soon be showcased in films like the Harshvardhan Kapoor-starrer Bhavesh Joshi Superhero and also in Nawazuddin Siddiqui-starrer Thackeray, where Siddiqui plays the role of Shiv Sena supremo Balasaheb Thackeray.	cc/2019-30/en_head_0043.json.gz/line2235
__label__cc	0.717443	0.282557	By Dan Kennedy • The press, politics, technology, culture and other passions The Return of the Moguls Reviews and Features The Wired City (2013) Little People (2003) Other Published Work Woburn Files 29667603115_65ebaaf8b7_z On December 3, 2016 December 3, 2016 By Dan Kennedy A shocking breach of the First Amendment "Excellent, valuable research, written in a clear, concise style." — Bob Schieffer, CBS News "There is no ‘fake’ news in Dan Kennedy’s important, scrupulously reported account of why news and newspapers are vital to a democracy." — Ken Auletta, The New Yorker "A former media critic for the Boston Phoenix, Dan Kennedy continues to write incisively about the print and digital universe at his blog, Media Nation." — New York Observer, 5/15/2015 "Dan Kennedy ... exercises the blogger's imperative to bloviate beyond his expertise." — Boston Globe, 11/30/2008 You can email me at dan dot kennedy at northeastern dot edu Media Nation is published under a Creative Commons Attribution- Noncommercial- Share Alike 4.0 United States License. Some rights reserved. You must attribute this work to Media Nation (with link). For more information, please contact Dan Kennedy at dan dot kennedy at neu dot edu. Media Nation by email Archives Select Month July 2019 June 2019 May 2019 April 2019 March 2019 February 2019 January 2019 December 2018 November 2018 October 2018 September 2018 August 2018 July 2018 June 2018 May 2018 April 2018 March 2018 February 2018 January 2018 December 2017 November 2017 October 2017 September 2017 August 2017 July 2017 June 2017 May 2017 April 2017 March 2017 February 2017 January 2017 December 2016 November 2016 October 2016 September 2016 August 2016 July 2016 June 2016 May 2016 April 2016 March 2016 February 2016 January 2016 December 2015 November 2015 October 2015 September 2015 August 2015 July 2015 June 2015 May 2015 April 2015 March 2015 February 2015 January 2015 December 2014 November 2014 October 2014 September 2014 August 2014 July 2014 June 2014 May 2014 April 2014 March 2014 February 2014 January 2014 December 2013 November 2013 October 2013 September 2013 August 2013 July 2013 June 2013 May 2013 April 2013 March 2013 February 2013 January 2013 December 2012 November 2012 October 2012 September 2012 August 2012 July 2012 June 2012 May 2012 April 2012 March 2012 February 2012 January 2012 December 2011 November 2011 October 2011 September 2011 August 2011 July 2011 June 2011 May 2011 April 2011 March 2011 February 2011 January 2011 December 2010 November 2010 October 2010 September 2010 August 2010 July 2010 June 2010 May 2010 April 2010 March 2010 February 2010 January 2010 December 2009 November 2009 October 2009 September 2009 August 2009 July 2009 June 2009 May 2009 April 2009 March 2009 February 2009 January 2009 December 2008 November 2008 October 2008 September 2008 August 2008 July 2008 June 2008 May 2008 April 2008 March 2008 February 2008 January 2008 December 2007 November 2007 October 2007 September 2007 August 2007 July 2007 June 2007 May 2007 April 2007 March 2007 February 2007 January 2007 December 2006 November 2006 October 2006 September 2006 August 2006 July 2006 June 2006 May 2006 April 2006 March 2006 February 2006 January 2006 December 2005 November 2005 October 2005 September 2005 August 2005 July 2005 Categories Select Category Civil liberties Culture Dwarfism Environment Essays First Amendment Free speech Media News Outdoors Personal Photography Politics Society Sports Technology The Return of the Moguls Uncategorized Al Giordano Arts Fuse Christopher Lydon CommonWealth Magazine David Bernstein Howard Owens Jeff Jarvis Jon Keller Marjorie Arons-Barron Media Bistro Meg Heckman Mindy McAdams New England First Amendment Coalition Picture Boston Project for Excellence in Journalism Robert David Sullivan Storybench Tim Kennedy Photography WGBH News	cc/2019-30/en_head_0043.json.gz/line2236
__label__wiki	0.742756	0.742756	Tag Archives: Rami Malek My interview with Sam Esmail (Mr. Robot) posts to Creative Screenwriting magazine Mr. Robot creator Sam Esmail discusses the importance of story authenticity, portraying mental illness, and playing with memory. Hit television series Mr. Robot on the USA Network stars actors Rami Malek as vigilante hacker Elliot Alderson, and Christian Slater as the eponymous Mr. Robot. To date the show has been nominated for six Emmys and received numerous awards, including the Golden Globe for Best Television Drama Series. Mr. Robot was created by Sam Esmail, who thought about the storyline for 20 years before even putting pen to paper. In an exclusive interview with Creative Screenwriting, Esmail discusses the process of creating characters based on real people, the importance of personal experiences in storytelling, and how they have taken their time to reveal the relationships between their show’s characters, as they explore abstract concepts such as memory, truth, and the consequences of one’s actions. You took great risks in writing season one of Mr. Robot. How did those risks contribute to the show’s longevity? Honestly, we didn’t look at it as risks at the time. We were just doing what we thought was authentic and real, and we were exploring the character that we all were intrigued by and compelled by. As long as those things felt good to us in the writers’ room, that was something that we were always on board with. Because we hadn’t seen anything like this exactly on television or in the movies, to be honest with you, risk was something that just never factored into it. Once you start letting those external forces enter into the creative process, then it ends up being more about research and what you think the audience will like or what the audience hasn’t seen before. So we tried to keep that out and just really tried to tell an interesting story about a compelling character. Your characters come from a variety of backgrounds, but they all share a similar mindset. How did you create them? I’m very much about ‘you write what you know.’ This is pretty easy for me because I have a lot of friends in the tech world and in the hacker world. I’ve also just read about hacker and tech news just as a hobbyist. So I’ve been around these people and it’s really a very interesting subculture that I actually never thought was accurately portrayed in Hollywood, whether on film or TV. I just really drew a lot from that, and I drew a lot from my own life, from people that I know. I took as much as I could from personal experiences, as well as from other writers in the room. Authenticity is kind of our motto in the room, and not only goes for the technical accuracy on the show, but for the people as well. In fact, more so for the people, because we wanted these to be very specific and very real people. Your protagonist Elliot Alderson suffers from a mental disorder. How did you research his psychology for the show? Again, he is based on people that I knew, and also from my own personal experience in dealing with social anxiety. We also have a psychologist as a consultant who deals with people with Elliot’s specific disorder. We involve her in the writing process a lot in terms of just breaking a story to begin with, to kind of get into his whole point of view. What it ultimately comes down to is that we want the experience of watching the show to feel like what a person suffering from this disorder feels, how that person would experience the events that happen in Elliot’s life. So it’s a combination of bringing a consultant on, as well as just doing a deep dive into the disorder, and the friends and the people that we know with the disorder, and getting those details right. Ultimately it really comes down to showing the details, and showing the anguish of the day-to-day struggle of it. I think that’s the thing that really resonates with Elliot, and the way that Rami portrays it. He asks those questions. Even if the script doesn’t have everything, Rami then thinks about it. He takes the time to dissect it and says, ‘Well, how would somebody with that disorder walk, how would someone with that disorder walk across the room?’ That’s not on the page, that’s something that Rami then researches on his own. And he also talks to the consultant. Then he gets that behavioral detail in there as well. Because authenticity is such a priority, it really just kind of all comes together from everyone taking a deep dive into their own respective department and figuring out that research. You portray a lot of his memory problems through hallucinations or visions and dreamlike sequences. Will we see more of these kinds of sequences in season three? Yes, that’s sort of the rhythm of the show. I liken it to when you’re standing very close to a painting and you think you’re seeing one thing, and then you take a step back and you’re seeing a bigger picture. Then you take another step back and you’re seeing an even bigger picture. Every time you take that step the story gets reframed in a way. That’s the way that I think we tell our story. There is a linear story, but as we fill in the details of the past, the present starts to get reframed. So we have this circular logic to our storytelling. For example in the first season, you are following this relationship between Elliot and Darlene, and then once we reveal the past content of that relationship, everything before it gets reframed. So yes, that’s definitely going to be a device that we use moving forward. It’s interesting that the audience doesn’t really know if what we’re seeing is real or simply Elliot’s perception of reality. Is Elliot’s perception of reality a metaphor for a current social and political environment? Yes. I don’t think we intentionally do that, but because I bring so much of who I am, and how I feel about the world, and my worldview into the show, and I encourage the other writers in the writers’ room to do the same thing, it can’t help not be. These are the issues that are important to us. We always talk about the show as almost being a period piece—almost—of 2015. Because this show still lives in that year, yes of course it is going to include the moral relativism of the world, and this sort of contradiction of truth and reality that we’re seeing now. That’s all sort of incorporated into the theme of the show. Elliot makes his biggest game-changing decisions while not under the influence of either street drugs or prescription meds. Is this also a social statement? Again, I don’t know if we make social statements. I don’t feel like it’s that direct, but we definitely include our own worldview. When we make choices like that, we really first come from a place of character. We come from a place where we ask, “Is this the truth for Elliot?” And then we take a step back and ask, “What are we saying in general?” Because obviously TV is a mass entertainment form, and we know that in every episode we have a theme and we always want to speak to that. So yes, every decision we make, we always try to factor that in. It ultimately always comes down to a question of “Are we being honest in terms of Elliot’s emotional training?” I noticed that Elliot’s disorder directly contributes or correlates to other characters’ deaths. How is he being impacted by other characters’ deaths? I think Elliot is a very internal guy. He often doesn’t speak much, but then says a lot in his mind. Which is the contrast, and the way we use the voiceover: he is very verbose and open to us, who he considers as friends, but to others—to the outside world—he holds everything in internally. Literally, season two is about that war within. That’s where most of the action in Elliot’s storyline took place, because we wanted to kind of underline that point. Elliot, the person he is to the outside world, is not the same Elliot that is living in this chaos within himself. So these deaths are obviously impacting him, but in a very internal way; he’s internalizing all of that and that will reach a boiling point. That’s what this series is all about: how much of this can Elliot take on? How much of the consequences of his actions can he keep internalizing? If the first season focuses on Elliot’s awareness and season two is the internal battle, then the third season is full-on disintegration. Let’s look at some of the other characters in the show. Elliot’s sister Darlene remembers their mother, and not their father being abusive. So their stories are completely different. You’re right to see that contradiction, where her interpretation of the past is very different than Elliot’s. That’s where we play a lot with memory. Elliot obviously has those issues where he is repressing both people and whole swaths of time. Again, this circular storytelling that we’ve embraced, is the reflection of how Elliot starts to remember things. As those pieces come in, you’ll start to see that the present storyline will continually be reframed because of the information we learn. In season two, it seems that Darlene has grown up. How has her increase in commitment to her cause spawned that growth? Darlene has her own sets of issues. I always say that the first season was really getting into Elliot’s head. The second season is about getting into everyone else’s. Darlene has her own demons, and her own path that we have just started to scratch the surface of. It led to her being a murderer, and the way that Carly (Chaikin) plays that is in the moment after. As you look into her eyes, you ask, “Is that who she is, or is that not?” Is she playing a part, or is she really this way deep down? The FBI agent Dominique DiPierro (played by Grace Gummer) suffers some serious internal injuries as well as physical injuries during the course of the show. What will motivate her to keep working? I’ve always looked at Dom as sort of the flip side of Elliot. Whereas Elliot has weaponized his loneliness to essentially take down the economic order, Dom on the other hand uses her loneliness as a way to dedicate her whole life to law enforcement and to bring about justice. Those are the two polar opposites. Grace, who brilliantly plays Dom, kind of speaks to that in the finale of season two, when she tells Darlene that she doesn’t necessarily think that she is a good detective, but the only reason that she’s gotten that far is because she has no life. She has too much time on her hands, and she has dedicated all of her time to it. I think that’s what makes that character so special. There is a little lack of self-awareness about how good she is, but on the other hand she makes a good point about herself: she does have that flaw and uses it as strength. The characters are so deep, so ‘flesh and blood’, that it seems like you’ve been working on them for years. Is that correct? Well, not necessarily pen to paper. In writing anything, there’s always that gestation period where you’re just thinking. I actually think that most of writing is thinking. So I’ve been thinking about it for years. I would say that I’ve had it in the back of my head since I was in college. It starts with just that inkling, ‘Wouldn’t it be cool to tell a story about these people?’ It grows as other details come at you. Then you hit the monsoon of details, and it finally kind of translates to enough excitement for you to get on the laptop and say “I have to write this.” So yes, in that way it’s probably been 20 years. Pen to paper, once I got to that point, and once I allowed all the forces over those years to sort of coalesce and come together and motivate me, then it just took a few months to actually write it. Tags: Carly Chaikin, Christian Slater, Darlene Alderson, Dominique DiPierro, Drawing on personal experiences to write fiction, Elliot Alderson, Golden Globe award, Golden Globe for Best Television Drama Series., Grace Gummer, hit TV shows, Insight about writing, Insight about writing for TV, Most of writing is thinking, Mr. Robot, Mr. Robot TV show, Rami Malek, Sam Esmail, telling stories about people with mental disabilities, telling stories about people with mental illness, thriller TV shows, TV show about hackers, TV shows about mental disorders, TV shows about mental illnesses, TV shows about subcultures, Writing about real life situations, writing devices for TV shows Categories Magazine articles	cc/2019-30/en_head_0043.json.gz/line2245
__label__cc	0.544566	0.455434	Internet Protocol CCTV Wireless Mesh Networks Operating your CCTV System CCTV Accreditations Wired Fire Detection and Alarm Systems Fire Refuge Area Systems Fire Detection Accreditations Burglar Alarm Systems Burglar Alarm System Monitoring Burglar Alarm Accreditations Access Control Accreditations Entry Cards & ID Card Bureau Access Control for Vehicles Access Control for Personnel Burglar Alarm Systems Tailored To Your Needs Dragon Security Systems specialises in the development and implementation of reliable security systems. We offer a comprehensive range of hard-wired and wireless burglar alarm systems. These systems offer almost unlimited solutions for customers with more discerning requirements. Our tried and tested products will ensure your specific security needs are met. Dragon Security Systems specialises in the development and implementation of reliable intruder alarms in Cambridgeshire, Norfolk, and across East Anglia. Working closely with our clients, our team minimise faults and risks in working environments and collaborate with those wishing to equip themselves with best in class solutions. Our intruder alarm systems include door and window contacts, glass break detectors, panic buttons, and movement detectors. Get In Touch Today. Information \| Burglar Alarm Systems \| Monitoring \| Accreditations Which burglar alarm system is right for me? At Dragon Security Systems we can provide a burglar alarm or burglar alarm systems that is designed to meet your specific requirements. Our team will take the time to examine your current system, making suggestions and recommendations based on your brief and budget. We’ll explain each of the choices to you carefully, helping you to better understand what exactly it is that you’re looking for. We use different sensors to capture events with analytics that generate alerts based on pre-defined rules. When an intruder event is detected, an audible bell will sound. An electronic signal can also be sent to an alarm receiving center if you have monitoring in place such as British Telecom’s RedCare system (mandatory with some insurers). External sensors can be added to provide perimeter protection, such as infrared beams or area setting for locations with more than one dwelling. Door and window contacts Our systems are able to detect movement on the opening of the door and window. This helps you to monitor activity on the main points of entry in or out of your property. Glass break detectors work by sounding whenever glass is broken or shattered as someone enters/exits your property. Panic buttons are invaluable if you need to call for help but are unable to audibly do so. A press of this subtle button will automatically call emergency services to your property, giving intruders less time to harm you or your property. When pressed, the call to action is silent, making it more likely that any intruders will be caught in the act. Movement detectors pick up on any movement inside your property. Walking through rooms, picking up items or opening any doors will set off the detector, alerting you to any unexpected activity. Movement detectors can be calibrated to pick up activity in certain rooms, at certain times of day or of a certain size. CCTV Surveillance \| Fire Detection \| Burglar Alarms \| Access Control \| About Us Call Dragon Security Systems to discuss your burglar alarm requirements Dragon Security Systems Church Road, Wroxham, Norwich, Norfolk, NR12 8UG © Copyright - SECURITY TECHNIQUES UK LIMITED, trading as Dragon Security Systems. All Rights Reserved. Shaun Marlow Shaun has been working in the industry since 1992, when he helped to set up Norfolk’s first branch of CSD Professional, a security systems wholesaler and distributor. There Shaun attended training in basic equipment familiarisation and installation. It was this experience that first gave Shaun the bug for the technical side of security systems and he made the decision to go back to school, enrolling in a 2-year course and graduating with distinctions in City and Guilds/NVQ in Electrical Installation and Inspection and Testing. Shaun has been with Dragon Security Systems since 1996, where he originally joined as an apprentice engineer to further his training in installation techniques and procedures. Shaun worked his way up to eventually become a service engineer. All the while Shaun was working tirelessly to further advance his knowledge of system maintenance and control panel programming. In 1999 Shaun was promoted to engineering supervisor at Dragon Security Systems. 3 years later he was promoted again to engineering manager. It was at this time that Shaun attended further courses and training for management and the more technical side of his role. Courses he has attended include: administration software, health & safety, Intruder alarm, access control, fire, CCTV and IPCCTV equipment. Shaun has since held the position of Projects Engineering Manager, and in November 2015 he was again promoted to Contracts Director. He works to assist the company to move forward into new and exciting contracts. His role at the company involves discussing customer requirements and seeing the contract through from inception to completion. Richard Lawrie I joined a local construction company straight from school and after 4 years moved to Norwich based civil engineers, May Gurney & Co. Ltd. working primarily on sea defence construction, 2 roll on roll off ferry terminals and the construction of Bacton Gas site. Whilst working at Bacton, I changed divisions within May Gurney and became a supervisor in the sealant division. In layman’s terms the work involved weatherproofing multi storey buildings throughout the UK. Within 3 years I was promoted to Contracts Manager, responsible for everything from quotation through to credit control. I was fortunate for being responsible only to the chairman of the group at that time, the late Sidney Utting MBE, a man I greatly admired and often refer to today. My “claim to fame” in those days was securing the contract at the very first jumbo jet hangar at heathrow airport – that seems a very long time ago now. Travelling the length and breadth of the UK, clocking up some 40,000 miles a year took its toll, particularly following a serious road accident which incapacitated me for 6 months, I left May Gurney to assist my father-in-law to develop and refurbish his newly acquired office premises in Wroxham. When this project ended I started a retail jewellery business in a section of that premises as a “fill in” before deciding “what to do next”. During this time, the shop suffered many attempted break-ins and 2 successful robberies and it was this string of events which triggered the idea for “Dragon Security Systems” I had come to know Simon Cole, an engineer with Modern Alarms and I suggested that he might like to join me in the formation of the company, I would provide the finance, contracting and business knowledge and Simon would provide the technical expertise required. In July 1989 Dragon Security Systems was born. Since that time the company has grown from an empty order book to having completed over 3500 installations throughout Norfolk, Suffolk & Cambridgeshire. Simon Cole Simon was born in Sussex and educated in Greenwich, South London. After leaving school, Simon undertook an apprenticeship with International Telephones in central London. Here he had many responsibilities, including overseeing the installation of equipment in a new international switching centre next to Cannon Street Station. Simon then took a sideways step and became a training officer. Simon left the GPO to work for Chubb Alarms in 1977, where his duties involved installing intruder alarm systems, CCTV and access control in the Greater London and surrounding areas. Here, he was responsible for numerous interesting installations including The Tower of London, Jewel House and the clipper Cutty Sark, together with Gypsy Moth 4, both of which were in dry dock at Greenwich. During his career, Simon has worked on a huge range of projects; from West End mansions to wine warehouses, from banks to care homes. Since then, Simon has been involved in installing large CCTV systems for Norwich Corrugated Board and Dow Chemicals at King’s Lynn, as well as the installation of intruder, personal attack, CCTV and access control to a remote CCTV monitoring centre in Gloucestershire. Soon Simon realised that he could never stay a “townie” and so in 1979 he relocated with his wife to Norfolk, still working for Chubb. In the years that followed Simon was employed by Security Alarm Systems in Norwich, working his way up to become Engineering Manager. Modern Alarms (now ADT) provided even more varied work and a widening of his experience. Whilst at Modern Alarms Simon met Richard Lawrie – in 1989 the two joined forces and Dragon Security Systems was born. For the first 2 months of its existence, Dragon Security Systems was a subcontractor of Modern Alarms, allowing Simon to complete a large security system which he had started at The Forensic Science Laboratories in Huntingdon. The years that followed have been very exciting for Simon and for the company, with the progress of technology including IP CCTV and wireless networking. Training courses with Mobotix, one of the largest developers and manufacturers of IP-based CCTV, have allowed Simon to design wireless CCTV systems for Beccles Town centre and Vision Park at Histon near Cambridge. These projects thus avoided the expense and disruption of digging up roads to lay cables. Traditional technology has long been at the centre of Dragon Security Systems. Simon has BS7036 training, the standard for safety devices on automatic doors and barriers. This has allowed the company to install and maintain such systems for housing associations and Norfolk Constabulary, as well as other commercial and domestic clients. During the year 2000, Simon project-managed the installation of CCTV access control and intruder alarms into “The Forum” in Norwich. This ambitious project included the laying of approximately 2 kilometres of cable and some bespoke fabrication that allowed the systems to meet the requirements of an exacting design concept. This project included daily consultation with the builder and M&E contractor, as well as working closely with the architects on the team. Another interesting project undertaken by Dragon Security Systems was to design and produce comprehensive installation manuals required for an intruder and personal attack alarm system which was to be installed in two buildings for an oil-related company in Nigeria. The system had to alert security staff and automatically activate flood lighting around the compound in case of intruders.For this project, Dragon Security Systems also provided all the necessary materials. More recently and following various training courses, Simon has earned qualifications in fire design, installation/commissioning and maintenance, contributing to Dragon Security Systems’ BAFE Fire Systems Installer accreditation. Outside of work, Simon is an active member of his local community. He has been a member of the local Parish Council for a number of years, and in 2012 he was elected chairman. He is also Chairman of a Trust and of a local registered charity that has been raising money for projects and organisations in the local area since the mid 1960s. John Ketteridge John has worked in the security field since 1978, starting out as a Burglary Risk Assessment Surveyor for the Norwich Union Insurance Company. During this first part of his career, John was able to accumulate valuable knowledge about the crime prevention and protection markets. Over time, John’s knowledge and enthusiasm helped him to progress within the security industry, as he moved over to security installations. Here, his former experience helped John to build strong relationships with both insurers and clients. John has extensive training in the planning and installation of intruder alarms, access control, CCTV/IPTV and fire extinguishing systems. He also has experience of sales surveying and regional management, as he has worked for many renowned companies such as Deacon Security, Group 4 Electronics Division, Britannia Security, ADT and Chubb Integrated Systems. John joined Dragon Security Systems in 1991 and became a director in 2005. During his time at Dragon Security Systems, John has been instrumental in obtaining security projects in prisons, town centre CCTV Schemes, pharmaceutical factories, Camelot National Lottery HQ, Customs and Excise and The Millennium Library in Norwich (now known as “The Forum”) to name but a few. Many of these projects were in excess of £350K in value. One of John’s major attributes is his ability to tailor systems to meet client’s requirements and needs, whether they be an individual or a large commercial client. John is firm in his belief that there is no substitute for experience and knowledge as it continually provides him with a strong foundation on which to base his recommendations to clients – to this day John dedicates a lot of his time to researching the latest systems and innovations, allowing him to always be one step ahead of the curve.	cc/2019-30/en_head_0043.json.gz/line2247
__label__cc	0.551927	0.448073	Vology: Sales Strategy and Leadership to Drive Revenue Growth Technology companies struggle to overcome product commoditization and price driven sales. The challenge was particularly acute for Vology, a technology distribution firm serving customers who can often acquire the same product elsewhere. Vology faced the added challenge of integrating operations from several acquisitions. Vology’s president John O’Shea said he hired Scott “to help us with our sales strategy and leadership, and to find new ways to accelerate our growth.” Together, John and Scott worked to clarify an approach that would enable the business to differentiate itself by offering clients more value with services. Services that included installing, maintaining, and supporting the technology equipment they bought. Because success would depend on the sales team’s actions in the field, Scott and John worked with sales management to impart the new strategy throughout the organization. It had to factor into everyday decisions, such as which accounts and products to prioritize. While the ultimate measures of sales success are revenue and profit, Scott and John also identified earlier indicators, such as reaching key milestones in the sales process. They helped sales management develop teams capable of going beyond communicating competitive advantages to create value in the sales process. Vology continues its transformation, taking on new markets, refining its service offerings, and in some cases, a new approach to customer management. “It’s an ongoing effort to evolve and grow,” said Vology’s John O’Shea. These efforts have placed Vology on the Inc. 5000 list of America’s fastest growing private companies several times. The business has more than doubled revenues in the last three years. Vology has also become one of the largest distributors of elite technology manufacturers like Citrix, Juniper, and Brocade. In the last year, Scott’s effort contributed to double-digit sales growth of services attached to product sales across the business, resulting in significant gross margin improvements. John Shea noted, “Scott provided valuable insights, and has been instrumental in helping us to implement new approaches to scale our business for growth.” Contact us today to schedule a conversation about your business growth goals	cc/2019-30/en_head_0043.json.gz/line2248
__label__wiki	0.716364	0.716364	New York1,000[remove] Assembly1,000[remove] Clintonian192 Bucktail32 candidates supported by both major parties24 Quid13 candidate parties12 Republican splinter parties10 You searched for: Office Assembly Remove constraint Office: Assembly State New York Remove constraint State: New York « Previous \| 901 - 950 of 1,000 \| Next » « First « Previous 1 2 … 15 16 17 18 19 20 Next » Last » 901. New York 1822 Assembly, Tioga County 902. New York 1822 Assembly, Tompkins County 903. New York 1822 Assembly, Ulster County 904. New York 1822 Assembly, Warren County 905. New York 1822 Assembly, Washington County 906. New York 1822 Assembly, Westchester County 907. New York 1823 Assembly, Albany County 908. New York 1823 Assembly, Allegany County 909. New York 1823 Assembly, Broome County 910. New York 1823 Assembly, Cattaraugus County 911. New York 1823 Assembly, Cayuga County 912. New York 1823 Assembly, Chautauque County 913. 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New York 1823 Assembly, Orange County 936. New York 1823 Assembly, Oswego County 937. New York 1823 Assembly, Otsego County 938. New York 1823 Assembly, Putnam County 939. New York 1823 Assembly, Queens County 940. New York 1823 Assembly, Rensselaer County 941. New York 1823 Assembly, Richmond County 942. New York 1823 Assembly, Rockland County 943. New York 1823 Assembly, Saratoga County 944. New York 1823 Assembly, Schoharie County 945. New York 1823 Assembly, Seneca County 946. New York 1823 Assembly, Steuben County 947. New York 1823 Assembly, Suffolk County Written by Reeve Huston New York exerted tremendous influence in the politics of the early republic. Along with Pennsylvania, it was a battleground state, and competition bred innovation. During the 1790s, partisan activists in New York (like those in Pennsylvania) pioneered methods of popular partisan mobilization. After 1820, Empire state pols created the model of the party as a disciplined peacetime army, focused on winning and keeping political power. The state constitution of 1777 divided state government between a governor with a three-year term, a Senate with staggered four-year terms, and an Assembly that was elected every year. A Council of Revision (consisting of the governor, the chancellor, and the judges of the supreme court) held the power to veto legislation. The governor and both houses of the legislature were elected, along with a lieutenant governor and town clerks, supervisors, assessors, constables, and collectors. All other offices were appointive—most of them by the governor and/or a Council of Appointment, which consisted of the governor and four senators. The constitutional language on appointments was contradictory and a source of fierce partisan conflict. Until 1793 the governor made appointments with the advice and consent of the Council of Appointment; after that date, the Council assumed a "concurrent right" to nominate officers. Adult male freeholders who owned real and personal property worth at least £20 and tenant farmers who paid at least 40 shillings in rent, along with the freemen of Albany and New York, could vote for members of the Assembly. Electing the governor and senators was limited to adult males worth £100. Voting was by paper ballot, but in some areas the political "friends" of great men handed voters colored or intricately folded ballots and watched them deposit those ballots to ensure that they voted properly! Within this institutional framework, New York political leaders forged a fiercely competitive politics. By 1787, two clear partisan groupings had emerged in state politics: the Federalists, led by Alexander Hamilton, and the followers of Governor George Clinton. While the former practiced an elitist politics, the latter appealed to the egalitarian yearnings of middling and poor constituents and, by 1800, allied themselves with the national Republican Party. The two parties were evenly matched during the 1790s, when Republicans pioneered techniques of mass political mobilizations: electoral rallies and parades, printed ballots, partisan newspapers and handbills, door-to-door canvassing. Republicans won a commanding majority in state government in 1800 and then quickly split into three competing factions, each centered on a single leader and held together by personal loyalty and patronage: the Clintonians, increasingly led by George Clinton's nephew De Witt; the Burrites, led by Aaron Burr; and the Livingston family. These factions' squabbling spilled over into the electoral arena with alarming regularity. In 1804, the Burrites broke from the party, running Aaron Burr for governor against the candidate of the Clinton and Livingston factions. The following year, the Clintonians staged a revolt against Governor Morgan Lewis, head of the Livingston faction, and appealed to the Burrites for an alliance. This move split the Burrites, with opponents of the alliance taking the name Martling Men. For their part, the Livingston faction, known as the Quids, forged an alliance with the Federalists. The Clintonians trounced the Quids in the 1807 gubernatorial election, bringing rival tickets (but not internectine struggles) to an end—for a while. In 1812 the Republicans nominated De Witt Clinton for governor, a move that inspired the Burrites to run their own candidate. This ever-shifting factional dance gave New York politicians a well-earned reputation for intrigue. Oliver Wolcott, a New Englander who relocated to the state, wrote that "after living a dozen years in New York, I don't pretend to comprehend their politics. It is a labyrinth of wheels within wheels, and it is understood only by the managers." The years immediately following the War of 1812 brought important changes to this factional mess. The Livingstons and Burrites lost power. The Federalists, discredited by their behavior during the war, disbanded in 1820. The Bucktails, led by Martin Van Buren, emerged as the sole challengers to the Clintonians. In some respects, the Bucktails were just like the factions they replaced, frequently forging new alliances and changing their policies for tactical advantage. But in important ways they were different. Led by upwardly mobile men of middling origin, they explicitly rejected the personalist politics that had dominated New York since before the Revolution. Rather than basing political allegiances on personal loyalty and patronage, Van Buren envisioned parties as embodiments of competing social interests, held together by principle and policy. Although the Bucktails did not hew to consistent policies or principles until the early 1830s, they did become a disciplined political machine. Activists united behind party candidates and policies, on pain of losing office; Bucktail newspapers and activists propagated a single, clear partisan message. Van Buren's faction gained control of state government in 1820. So effective were the Bucktails in retaining power that their Clintonian enemies dubbed them the Albany Regency. The Bucktails also proved the champions of a widened popular participation in politics. They dominated the 1821 state constitutional convention, which dramatically expanded the suffrage, increased the number of elective posts, and abolished constitutional checks on the power of elected officials. The new constitution eliminated the Council of Revision, empowering the governor with the legislative veto. It abolished the Council of Appointment, transferring the selection of sheriffs, county clerks, and coroners to the voters, while leaving the election of most state officials in the hands of the legislature. And it eliminated the property qualification for the vote among white men. Beginning in 1822, any white adult male who paid state or county taxes, worked on the public roads, or served in the militia could vote for all elective officers. African American males, however, faced a $250 property qualification for the suffrage. The Bucktails dominated state politics after 1820. Only in 1824 did the Clintonians, now dubbing themselves the "People's Men," win the governorship and a majority in the legislature. The next year, both factions, shaken by John Quincy Adams's ascension to the presidency, made an alliance behind the presidential ambitions of Andrew Jackson. By 1828 the state's factional conflict turned on national allegiances, with a Jacksonian party opposed by Adams men (also known as National Republicans). The political conflicts of the 1820s led both Clintonians and Bucktails to revive many of the old techniques of popular mobilization pioneered in the 1790s—and to increase their effectiveness through an unprecedented degree of discipline among party cadre. When Martin Van Buren became Andrew Jackson's campaign manager in 1828, the Bucktails' methods and organization provided the core model on which national party politics was built. Alexander, DeAlva Stanwood. Political History of the State of New York. 3 vols. New York: Henry Holt, 1909). Benson, Lee. The Concept of Jacksonian Democracy: New York as a Test Case, 1961; reprint ed. New York: Atheneum, 1964). Brooke, John L. Columbia Rising: Civil Life on the Upper Hudson from the Revolution to the Age of Jackson.Chapeh Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2014. Cole, Donald B. Martin Van Buren and the American Political System. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1984. Countryman, Edward. "From Revolution to Statehood." In Milton M. Klein, ed., The Empire State: A History of New York. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 2001, pp. 229–301. Huston, Reeve. Land and Freedom: Rural Society, Popular Protest, and Party Politics in Antebellum New York. New York: Oxford University Press, 2000. Taylor, Alan. William Cooper’s Town: Power and Persuasion on the Frontier of the Early American Republic. New York: Knopf, 1995. Young, Alfred F. The Democratic-Republicans of New York: The Origins, 1763–1797. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1987. Assembly: A gathering of persons for the purpose of deliberation and decision; a deliberative body, a legislative council. Please also see House of Representatives. Assembly or General Assembly: the name given to the lower house in New Jersey and New York. 1788 - 1825: New Jersey, New York Role Scope: County	cc/2019-30/en_head_0043.json.gz/line2253
__label__wiki	0.720096	0.720096	Guest-Room Artist-Feature Artist-Blog Specials is a virtual space dedicated to writing on photography, showcasing unique content, projects and announcements. Utah Beach - Uncle Red. N 49º 27' 10.218" W 1º 13' 13.844" Saint-Martin-de-Varreville – altitude 120 meters (393 feet) Special feature: WAR SAND by Donald Weber Jun 21, 2018 - Gita Cooper-van Ingen The seacoast of Normandy churns with history. In this visionary collection of images, texts, and scientific data, photographer Donald Weber and his colleagues investigate the beaches of D-Day using the latest techniques of forensic analysis. What they find is something far larger than its microscopic constituents: War isn’t just a defining feature of our collective experience, but a quantum event, as well. The war-relics presented here offer an immersive narrative on the theme of social memory. The assembled D-Day artifacts include WWII spy-craft and old Hollywood movies, dioramas and drone-mounted cameras, private post-war memoirs and wistful seaside photographs. They reveal our civilization’s longing for a final victory over death. War Sand erodes the scale of reality at two levels, both elevating war into narratives and dissolving it into tiny fragments. When history ends, we are left only with a mysterious relationship between myth and micron. Donald Weber. October 22, 2014. 7:02 pm. 12ºC, 76% RELH, Wind W, 7 Knots. VIS: Good, Overcast Clouds. My grandfather liked to tell stories about life and death, and the sea. When I was 12, he told me the best sea-story I ever heard a fantastic tale about WWII. It was the first time I heard the word “commando.” The story went like this. During New Year’s 1943, nine British commandos were ordered to cross the English Channel and surface on the beaches of Normandy in France. On landing, they had to meet with members of the French Resistance. The mission was to covertly collect sand and soil samples along a vast stretch of coast, from Ouistreham in the east to Cherbourg in the west. They had two days and nights to cross the Channel, collect the samples, and return without being caught. France, and the seacoast in particular, was thick with German forces. The Atlantic Wall, Hitler’s dream fortress, was a wall of pure concrete, guarded by massed artillery and elite soldiers. To be caught meant certain execution as spies. They would swim under the sea, roam the beaches at midnight, and keep invisible. They would have black masks, rubber fins, wool turtlenecks, black Fairbairn-Sykes daggers with ring grips, Welrod silent pistols, and sampling tubes. It was a perfect plan. The British commandos would cross the Channel and complete their mission, swimming up the coast with the midnight tides. If the commandos made it back to Britain, the samples would undergo scrutiny by scientists, geologists and physicists. Supreme Allied Commander Eisenhower and Field Marshal Montgomery were counting on these minuscule grains of sand to withstand the weight of an invasion force, the largest the world had ever seen. Thousands of ships, soldiers and armaments would land on Normandy’s beaches for the liberation of Western Europe. But first, the commandos had to complete the mission. At the end of his story, my grandfather opened a small wooden box, and unwrapped a small glass tube from a white linen cloth. It contained a pinchful of grey sand. “This is what we brought back.” Donald Weber. October 4, 2013, 6:39pm. 17ºC, 88% RELH, Wind WSW 11 Knots. VIS: Poor, Overcast Clouds, Thunderstorms Film still from "The Big Red One' (1980) directed by Samuel Fuller. (c) Warner Bros. Entertainment The staggering sacrifice of D-Day is well known. There were massive bombardments and huge losses of life, but there was fantastic and historical success, as well. Over 156,000 Allied soldiers penetrated German-occupied France on June 6, 1944, and stoutly held their positions on the beachhead despite furious counter-attacks by German divisions. Thousands of tons of ordnance exploded over the troops. Today, this Allied and German war material survives as part of the natural sand grains of the Normandy beaches. Seventy years later, shrapnel, bullet casings, and crumbled armour plates persist in vast microscopic quantities. They have been transformed by sea waves and the sun’s heat into micro-artifacts that span the divide between technology and nature. The invasion actually began with sand. Over New Year’s 1943-44, nine British commandos secretly crossed the English Channel in miniature submarines to collect sand samples. Their mission was to deliver these samples back to Allied geologists to test if Normandy’s shifting beaches could withstand the heavy war apparatus of the invasion force, the largest the world had ever seen. Their sand samples would determine the final Allied strategy – and fate of Western Europe. O-DG-056-051813 We start our analysis of the sand grains taken from the beaches of Normandy with a look at typical samples (O-DG-056-051813 & O-DG-033-051813) scooped by photographer Donald Weber. Seventy years ago, British commandos secretly excavated this fine sand for subsequent examination back in England with ordinary microscopes; 21st Century technical advances now allow us a much deeper look into this elemental crush. We have found that what survives is not just pretty interesting, but interestingly pretty. O-FG-423-052113 These three images are all from sample O-FG-423-052113 and show the rendering process from a low-resolution bitmap (upper left) to a high-resolution final image (bottom image). The colour mappings present silicon (Si) as yellow, blue as iron (Fe), orange as calcium (Ca), and red for nickel (Ni), as well as were the final colours used in mapping. There are some naturally occurring nickel minerals in the sand, but moving to the larger image on this page, we find the higher resolution image produced by EDS that incontestably shows a D-day shrapnel particle, depicted in blue, in the very middle of the frame. The two smaller images on the left page are low-resolution bitmaps. A high-resolution image can take upwards of eight hours to render. You can see a key which displays the visible elements: red as nickel (Ni), orange as calcium (Ca), light blue as zinc (Zc), blue as iron (Fe), and yellow as silicon (Si). G-IG-092-051813 The image above shows iron oxide with faceted crystals of sodium chloride are arrayed on the surface of a shrapnel fragment in the order of one micron each, and is a good example of the unique character of each particle. The striking thing revealed here is their utter lack of uniformity at the microscopic level. Grains of sand are so irregular that one is obliged to consider whether sand hour clocks measured time itself as an irregular dimensionality as well. Film still from The True Glory (1945) directed by Garson Kanin. Film still from The Longest Day (1962) starring Richard Burton, Henry Fonda, John Wayne and directed by Ken Annakin. (c) 1962 Twentieth Century Fox Film Corp. and Daryl F. Zanuck Productions With the advent of the First World War, film has been integral in shaping the public consciousness of military events as they unfold and the public memory of wars after the guns have fallen silent. In Paul Virilio’s book War and Cinema, he traces what he calls the fusion/confusion of technologies of perception and of warfare, with the introduction of searchlights in the Russian-Japanese battle of Port Arthur in 1904. “These searchlights were war’s first projectors – they “illuminated a future where observation and destruction would develop at the same pace. Later the two would merge completely … above all [with] the blinding Hiroshima flash which literally photographed the shadow cast by beings and things, so that every surface immediately became the war’s recording surface, its film.” Donald Weber. October 21, 2015, 8:59am. 10¼ ºC, 93% RELH, Wind WSW, 8 Knots. VIS: Fair, Overcast Clouds, Moderate Rain. Donald Weber. October 21, 2015, 9:12am. 11ºC, 93% RELH, Wind WSW, 8 Knots. VIS: Fair, Overcast Clouds, Moderate Rain. Tides are the rise and fall of sea levels caused by the combined effects of gravitational forces exerted by the moon, sun and rotation of the Earth. On D-Day, it was imperative for ground forces to land at low tide. German forecasters also predicted the stormy conditions that indeed rolled in as the Allies had feared. The Luftwaffe’s chief meteorologist, however, went further in reporting that rough seas and gale-force winds were unlikely to weaken until mid-June. Armed with that forecast, Nazi commanders thought it impossible that an Allied invasion was imminent, and many left their coastal defences to participate in nearby war games. The invasion was originally scheduled for the morning of June 5. It was up to chief meteorologist James Stagg to advise Ike to postpone it by one day, despite protests from his fellow meteorologists, who felt the weather would be good enough for the mission to take place. However, the weather over Normandy had too much cloud cover, the winds were too strong and waves too high. The key element of surprise—location and time—would have been lost, and the conquest of Western Europe might have taken another year. Field Marshal Erwin Rommel believed that any invasion would come at high tide, when the beachhead was at its narrowest and troops would be vulnerable to German fire for the shortest period of time. He therefore devised a series of obstacles adapted for use under water that would be completely concealed during mid and high tides. The jagged edges of iron ‘hedgehogs’ could tear through the bottom of landing craft. Film Still from Die Brücke (The Bridge) (1959) directed by Bernhard Wicki (c) 1959 Taurus Film and (c) 1995 International Historical Films, Inc. O-ER-060-051813 It must be evident to readers by now that the soldiers of D-Day would have, in addition to everything else they endured, also suffered what can be thought of as micro-injuries as a result of weaponized matter bursting into smaller, microscopic fragments and penetrating the flesh. In all, over 425,000 Allied and German troops were killed, wounded or went missing during the Battle of Normandy. This figure includes over 209,000 Allied casualties, with nearly 37,000 dead among ground forces and a further 16,714 deaths among Allied air forces. Of Allied casualties, 83,045 were from 21st Army Group (British, Canadian, and Polish ground forces) and 125,847 from the U.S. ground forces. The losses of the German forces during the Battle of Normandy can only be estimated. Roughly 200,000 German troops were killed or wounded. The Allies also captured 200,000 prisoners of war (not included in the 425,000 total mentioned above). During the battle, between 15,000 and 20,000 French civilians were killed, mainly as a result of Allied bombing. Thousands more fled their homes to escape the fighting. Today, 27 war cemeteries hold the remains of over 110,000 dead from both sides: 77,866 German, 9,386 American, 17,769 British, 5,002 Canadian and 650 Poles. J-MR-172-051813 In scientific literature, the image (J-MR-172-051813) with this shape and containing scratches on the surface is called a “microsphereule,” composed primarily of iron and nickel (perhaps 5% nickel), and caused by high-heat detonations. Microscopic spherical particles created through a physicochemical process with each sphere containing an equilibrium of forces with a fluid medium, such as water or air. Some microspherules may take the shape of pisolites, chondrules, biolites, pellets, bubbles, and carbonaceous microspherules. Usually, they are the result of meteorites exploding in the earth’s upper atmosphere, however, in this case, it is more than likely the result of an artillery blast. The molten metal solidifies in the air, and surface tension pulls it into a spheroid shaped like raindrops. Donald Weber. October 21, 2015, 7:59am. 10ºC, 93% RELH, Wind WSW, 8 Knots. VIS: Fair, Overcast Clouds, Moderate Rain Known as forewash in geography, it is the turbulent layer of water that washes up on a beach after an incoming wave has broken. Swash action can move beach materials up and down the beach, creating cross-shore sediment exchange. The swash motion plays the primary role in the formation of morphological features and their changes in the swash zone and contributes to geological processes in coastal morphodynamics. Donald Weber. War Sand Wartime sacrifice on the beaches of Normandy in 1944 is History: massive casualties, but great success. Allied soldiers, numbering in total over 156,000, penetrated into German-occupied France on D-Day, June 6, 1944, and stoutly held their positions despite repeated counter-attacks by German divisions. But where does memory end and History begin? Donald Weber’s War Sand is a powerful and poetic rumination on historical decay. It examines the evidence that D-Day actually took place; it explores the tidal processes of human memory, and considers the terror of war in its undying timelessness. In June of 2013, Weber walked the beaches of coastal Normandy, the same month of the Allied invasion, collecting hundreds of sand samples from each of the five D-Day landing beaches (Utah, Omaha, Gold, Juno, and Sword). “I got the idea for the project from my grandfather, a veteran,” Weber says. “He told stories of British frogmen coming up from the sea at midnight to scoop beach samples from the Normandy coast. All very hush-hush, it was a secret investigation that was a prelude to the invasion. I decided to continue this story and collect my own sand samples to analyze.” Weber sent his samples back to Canada. Utilizing the new science of microarcheology, the sand was studied under a powerful scanning electron microscope (SEM) at the Queen’s University Physics Department by Dr. Kevin Robbie. What the microscope revealed, hidden amongst the natural sand grains, were tiny traces of Allied and German war material, evidence that, yes, something cataclysmic had occurred at these sites. Fragments of human bone, brass, steel, titanium, and iron are still there, some 70 years later, transformed by the action of the sea waves and the sun’s heat into an array of micro-artifacts that span the divide between technology and nature. While most are oblivious to the fact, Weber and Robbie estimate that as much as 5 per cent of the sand content of these beaches today is made up of shrapnel and detritus from that fateful day in June. What does this gritty sand tell us? It becomes a speculation, a matter of interpretation of history, and a marker of time. Like the ocean, human memory is protean. It erodes the scale of reality at two levels, both elevating war into narratives and dissolving it into tiny fragments. When history ends we are left only with a mysterious relationship between myth and micron. Later in 2013, Weber returned and for the next three years photographed the beaches as they are today, taking in all views (looking out, up, down, and back). He gives us a spectacular array of undulating seascapes and moody landscapes; corroded pillboxes and monuments, seaside towns and beaches; and ever shifting images of the weather and clouds. In addition to the micro-artifacts, Weber incorporates a drone to take aerial macro-images of Normandy’s battle beaches. As he explains: “The resulting images of foggy seascapes and odd wave formations suggest an opposition between unreachable infinity, and the stories we locate in this unknowable setting. Here, at last, the edge. The place of final opposition between matter and idea, meaning and noise, pattern and silence. This littoral edge is the line where War Sand has invested all its efforts.” The Standard Model of physics gives us particles, frenetic and disparate. Einstein’s Relativity Model offers the elegance of universality and its laws. Facts and interpretation. Neither model confronts the open sea as Weber’s poetic large-scale sea-photos aim to do. The open water, the open question. The limitless sky above the seawater plays with erasure and entrance. The cloud photos both veil fate and suggest the possibility of rapture. That is, if we care to contemplate such things. War Sand gazes unflinchingly at that which is. The view takes in children playing on the beach in summer, a simulacrum of the cyclical combat harking back to the Normans, and before them, the Vikings, and before them, and them. That which is always there – immanent, unceasing – is the real subject of Weber’s War Sand. At its very core lie questions of truth (historical, experiential, material) and our ability to know anything of it. 1/9 War Sand War Sand: Publisher: Polygon, 2018 Paperback: 372 pp., fold-out map insert, 195+ colour and B&W images Dimensions: 7.6×11.4″ (195×290 mm) Language: English, French and German Photography by Donald Weber Text by Larry Frolick, Kevin Robbie and Donald Weber Design by Teun van der Heijden The book is available here.	cc/2019-30/en_head_0043.json.gz/line2255
__label__cc	0.686906	0.313094	On the structure of the class, collaboration, exchanges, learning by doing, and suggestions on incorporating these elements into a more traditional classroom Photo above by Charlotte Livine An Interview with Marjetica Potrč and students of Design for the Living World Finn Brüggemann, Barbara Niklas, William Schwartz and a guest of the class Charlotte Livine by Kim Lyle and Kara Roschi Kim Lyle and Kara Roschi, students of the Intermedia and Public Practice program in the School of Art, Herberger Institute for Design and the Arts at the Arizona State University (ASU) in Phoenix, Arizona, conducted an interview with Design for the Living World class at the University of the Fine Arts (HFBK) in Hamburg, Germany. In October and November 2015, the Design for the Living World class spent two months at the International Artist Residency at the Combine Studios in Phoenix, where the interview took place on November 21, 2015. Kim Lyle: Kara and I are in a class based around teaching and pedagogy. At our school we each have the opportunity to teach while taking classes. So, we’re curious about the structure of your class and how it works. I was thinking about you all in this course and essentially experiencing all these things, taking them in, and learning as you go. What do you hope for when you eventually leave the class? How do you think this class will impact what you do in the future? Finn Brüggermann: For me I learn a lot about how we work together, about how we can produce something together because it’s something that we do all the time. There are times when we are working on very individual projects, but most of the time we are forming an idea together with people and discussing it together. And I think this is a big part of what I’ve learned. I’m not so sure how exactly I will put this into something that I do, I don’t have a concrete aim. Like you study medicine and then you become a doctor. I don’t know exactly where this will lead me to, it’s completely open. William Schwartz: I think it has a far reach into different corners of experience. On one hand we gain practical knowledge of the different places we go to, the cultural differences. But also, we gain a network of people, and being in Detroit and Chicago (We Care a Lot: Stewardship of Land In the Neighborhood, Conservation – Coalition – Collaboration, 2015) was really reaffirming that we’re sharing a global language somehow. People are thinking about the same ideas and working in the same direction and it’s really comforting on that hand that we’re able to go so far from Hamburg, yet meet people who are working towards the same goals. This is really reassuring. We’re creating these building blocks or ideas that we revisit in other projects and not only do we take away a lot from the places that we go, but also from our own evolution and our own thoughts in different places. We’re able to utilize that in other places and kind of work off of past experience, but also taking in the present location. And then the overall reality of just being together and compromising and talking is really unique because that’s not usually how it works. It’s so rare in a class that you’re in total communication with everyone else. It’s pretty special. Kara Roschi: I think there is something about traditional class structure where it’s the sage on the stage idea and even teaching a methodology often is like ‘these are the steps and this is how you do it and then go out and do that thing’. And this practice of learning by doing because there are so many nuances to the collaboration and learning how to be with one another and be with people, I wonder if that’s something that could be formalized or if it always has to have this structure that holds that space for that interaction versus teaching the ways to interact. Which is really interesting about this course for me, or this program. What is the language that you use to describe what you guys do as far as course or program or unit? FB: Sometimes we call each other or work more with each other like a collective and sometimes there are times when it’s really classical like Marjetica wants us to talk about something and we listen to her experience. But then also other people talk and we listen to their experience. Coming to the methodology again, you can’t really say these are the steps of how you work together because it’s somehow always a constant negotiation and everybody’s throwing their ideas and what they feel and it’s constantly evolving. WS: I don’t know why I’m thinking about this because we’re talking about pedagogy, but in Berlin there was an exhibit on Black Mountain College and it’s really great. I mean everybody kind of swoons when you look at it. But it’s also somewhat of an artifact and it’s no longer there. And thinking about what we’re doing in certain ways it’s like a nomadic version of that. It’s very small, a very temporary version. We don’t really have a real title. The name for the class we chose a long time ago and it’s also not important. It really isn’t about the class, it’s about where we’re going and how we’re adapting and always learning and moving beyond. The process is so holistic. We wake up together and have breakfast. The breakfast melts into a conversation about something else, then someone presents something, then someone maybe stops by and we talk with them. Where does it end and where does it start? It’s so incredible that it melts in from day after day after day. This is why I think of Black Mountain, you’re living on site with your teachers and the lines become grey of what is the educational side of it and what is the basic side of life. KR: What’s interesting is how it kind of goes back to Kim’s starter question about how it becomes or morphs back into real life or other life or moving forward life. And what communities form once this community goes its separate ways or doesn’t. KL: Something that you mentioned a lot was collaboration and I think when I look at your class it’s something that I feel I’m missing in our program. Maybe you could talk about how you view collaboration. It seems the way you describe it, it happens organically. But, for example when you came to Arizona you had split up into different groups and you each are working on projects. How does that happen? How does this collaboration take shape? Are there ever disagreements or is there a complete consensus around what you do in every step? Marjetica Potrč: It’s really simple. People do what they’re best at and the idea is to be connected to your own interests in the best way. FB: It happens really naturally and it’s never a closed group where one group is working on this and the other group on that. We started out working on the tour for maybe 2 weeks without William and he was interested in something else. Eventually, he did join the tour group. It’s not really that fixed, it’s just personal interests and also human relations – who gets along with each other. WS: I think there’s kind of a natural filter, those who enter the class I would hope are interested in collaborating. It’s not that we don’t have to come to an agreement on how we do it, it’s that by nature the class is collaborative. It’s just a learning process, always. And it changes too because there’s a new student or someone who’s not participating. So, there’s always a different chemistry and dynamic. Even when we were in Phoenix splitting up into different groups, we were intensely self-organizing and everyday we had two meetings. It became absurd because they’re really philosophical. We just sit back and talk about what could be and what isn’t and why this doesn’t work. People were getting a little sick of it, but it was really incredible too. Who are we, this international group that’s sitting in a circle outside talking and talking and talking about things that could happen in Phoenix, Arizona and things that couldn’t? For who and what are we doing? All these questions kept repeating themselves. It was really nice. And then by the time we got back, it all kind of crystalized. Everyone had some sort of a direction. KR: I’m a little curious about beyond the self-selection process of enrolling in the course. Now that you’re in it, what are foundations that people should have in entering the course besides maybe the natural inclination to want to collaborate or learn to collaborate? MP: That’s the most important thing. KR: Well you mentioned the other night at dinner about self-awareness. Knowing who you are and what your interests are. KL: Something else that I was interested in about this project-based learning is when you approach a place, you do your research before being in that place – but you come ready to change that idea as well. I’m curious how these projects begin to form and that process of bringing your lived experience to the place you visit. MP: This is a kind of mantra that we are always explaining. We prefer to be in one spot for a longer period of time; otherwise it’s just a short workshop. Workshops are all right, but they are limited. Basically, you don’t really change your position in a short workshop, you think ahead in a linear way and do whatever you’re doing accordingly. But, if you stay for a longer period of time, you understand that you have to drop your preconceptions to develop something together with other people. You get feedback from people and the environment. So this is the value of long-term residencies, and we have been lucky enough to be able to do them. In 2014, the class spent two and a half months in Soweto in South Africa (The Soweto Project, 2014). And this journey now is actually also for two and a half months because we went to Detroit and Chicago before we came here, and we were also helping the group Postcommodity, in Douglas (Repellent Fence). So we are in Phoenix for one and a half months. FB: Normally in the beginning of a residency, for the first 2 weeks we just try to take in the environment where we are and try to talk to as many people as we can. Usually nothing practical really happens, we’re not starting to do anything. So, it’s this moment after a week or 10 days or so when some people get nervous about why nothing is happening. But it’s always this way, it’s a natural process that we just have to take. We have to remember in the beginning to be patient and not to do anything. WS: If you force it then you’re forcing the project to happen, you’re not letting the surroundings or the people guide it, which is our intention. We’re not coming here as artists presenting our sculptures, we’re actually kind of letting them happen organically through the community or as just a natural response. MP: And it’s not what people usually understand as a design-and-build strategy for on-site projects. We don’t do this. We want the project to develop and not already be decided on before we arrive at the location. KR: I was reading in the link you sent Kim, about this idea of exchange and skill exchange more than this kind of object presentation. I’m curious about the skills that often come up as give and any skills that generally come back as part of the exchange. WS: Which direction? KR: Well both ways. Do you find yourselves as a learning skill set that you’re acquiring in that space that you find yourselves bringing forth and what you’re learning from the communities. Because it was less about helping people, coming in a bringing that thing. MP: It’s very important that we don’t help. KR: I was interested in maybe some descriptors of the things that are exchanged. FB: For me it’s really difficult to say because it really changes from place to place and from project to project. In South Africa, we were building a lot physically and we were 3 to 7 people everyday that were there building. Then it becomes I know something about brick laying and they know something about brick laying or about how to make a straight right angle. So, it’s just this kind of really practical exchange. In South Africa, the people that we were working with had a really different idea about how to self-organize and what the structure looks like when you self-organize. So that’s something that becomes co-learning. I have some ideas about how I think self-organization could work and how a structure for that could work. And then it’s always some sort of a compromise where both things can come together. But, it’s super different from project to project. It always really changes. MP: Finn mentioned the Soweto Project. At the end of our stay in South Africa the project evaluators asked both the community and us what we had learned. Actually what we learned wasn’t really about skills like how to build a platform; it was that we learned to accept the fact that the community’s method of working is just as valuable as ours. We usually don’t think of ourselves as linear thinkers, but in fact we are if we compare ourselves to someone like Themba, a Soweto construction worker who worked on the project. In a way, I was trying to force Themba to think like I did. For example, when we were constructing the platform and running out of time, Themba kept rerouting the process. It was really difficult because we already had an opening date for the festival. Later I understood that what I learned personally from the project was that Themba’s process of subjective thinking is just as valuable as linear thinking. And actually, acknowledging different processes of knowledge is extremely important for anyone who tries to think in a different way today. You must be able to drop the efficient way of learning, the efficient way of doing things. If you want to think in a new way – which is what we try to do today – you have to accept the fact that other people think in a different way. In case of the Soweto project, knowledge production was organized in two ways: objective thinking and subjective thinking. KL: From what you just said it sounds like you’re learning as well while the class is going on. So, your role is not really as a teacher so much would you say? Or are you someone that is just helping facilitate these things that are happening within the class? MP: No, I don’t facilitate. I don’t see myself as a facilitator. I’m actually a co-worker and I learn a lot. If I didn’t learn a lot myself and also have fun, I wouldn’t do it. It’s interesting for me, and I guess it is for the others as well; otherwise they wouldn’t do it. KR: I’m still trying to understand the institutional system of it. So, you guys don’t have other courses right now, you study together as a class and that’s it and then what is the reporting back or grading look like? FB: We don’t have grades. None of the things that we do are graded, only our thesis is graded in the end. But usually everybody gets an A. WS: It’s like a pass or fail. FB: And we report back. Once a year there’s an exhibition where everybody is exhibiting something. Charlotte Livine: And it’s not an official reporting back, you’re not forced to do it. Or just on occasion if you want to show what you did, you’re always welcome to try and find your place in it. Barbara Niklas: And I still think it is, but I don’t actually know if you still have to take one seminar per semester. CL: You have to, but it is loose enough. If during one semester you don’t want or can’t take part to a seminar, you can choose to participate to more seminars in the next semester. WS: There are also block seminars. There are a lot of teachers who don’t live in the city so there are people who come in for a weekend. Friday through Sunday and you can kind of pack those up too. KL: I’m curious if any of you would have any ideas on how to incorporate some of the elements of your class into…. So Kara and I both teach a class while we’re taking classes, but it’s in a traditional classroom setting. Kara teaches digital media and I’ll be teaching 2D design. So in this world where we will have to evaluate students and will have to have a curriculum, do you have any suggestions or ideas for how to incorporate the type of learning style you have in your class here into a more structured situation? MP: That’s a good question. We have a philosophy – learning by doing. I believe that life is the best teacher, and it’s not necessarily me or another person. When I started teaching, I didn’t assign homework, and some students found that disorienting. But the thing is, for instance, just like we’ve discussed today, that next Monday and Tuesday, after we finish the project here, we’ll discuss the curriculum that will come up after our residency. We’ve been super busy with the project here, so we didn’t really have time to discuss certain topics; they emerged on their own. So we’ll research them after we leave here. We look at the topics that really matter to us after the project is finished. KR: Does it vary by site? The Soweto book was a really great book as a document of that project. Is that kind of a common way for you guys to each then have these individual spaces capped together? MP: Every project has a different outcome. We like to make publications, but each one is different – we don’t have a common design. The Soweto Project book was designed by Amalia, who is currently in Madrid. It was important for me to make this book because we were trying to put our methods into writing. We didn’t write about the design of the physical space, but rather about public space as a social agreement. Public space is not about dimensions and street furniture – it’s a social agreement; it’s people. I think this point is very well explained and I’m really proud of it. The book is also an effort from the whole class. We did it after we came back to Hamburg, and I should say that when we were there in Soweto, we didn’t have a clue about what the analysis would be. Because there are so many impressions you have and you are working so hard. After we came back, we reflected on the process and put it into writing. KR: I can see the learning by doing being such a packed thing while your doing it that it does take… MP: Gregory Sale’s practice at the School of Art is a good example, because he takes you outside the classroom and then you do something on site. I think it’s really important to bump into the reality. Studying from books and then becoming a professional afterwards is just one way of doing things. It also depends on your personality. KR: And who you identify your audience or community as, depending on what your work is. Because I think that’s a little bit of what is going on in academia. Academics in the institutions just want to talk to other academics in the institutions, but there’s a lot more makers and creatives that are interested in not just having those conversations but in having the larger conversations. I think that’s an equity issue here in the States. MP: We’ve been really lucky that the university supports long-term residencies. But in fact we’re not sure if we’ll be able to continue in the same format. After four years, they discovered that we are doing these super-long residencies and there are maybe some legal issues involved. But it’s always possible to find new ways of doing things. Ours is an experimental university, so it’s much easier to do the kind of things we do than it would be in the US, from what I understand. WS: We are now reported missing in Hamburg (laughing)… this is how we get away with it. KR: Well it makes me think of John’s residency program in Grand Central. John Spiak was involved in the social practice work here at the ASU art museum before he went to LA, and he’s really made an effort to create a space where he’s at now for longer term residencies because a lot of the great work doesn’t happen in these plunk down workshops. We engage things where you can flesh out all those nuances of community in a space. MP: Well, it also hasn’t been easy because people know what a certain practice is supposed to look like traditionally. So, if you bring in a different practice, it’s confusing – both for professors and for students. FB: Sorry, the guy you were talking about, what’s his name? KR: John Spiak. KL: Also something John said about his residency is that they don’t have expectations for the artists, it’s all right for them to fail which I think is hugely important. And I’m wondering in your experiences of these places if you come in and do they expect you to come up with something successful? And is that a pressure you feel? MP: No, it’s typical. For instance, in Belgrade (Savamala – A Place for Making, 2013), I remember one of the community leaders was always asking, “Next time when you come, can you do something?” And we were really working hard with locals to organize community-based spaces! It’s just that it was not about an object. We constantly have to deal with this old way of thinking. But it’s important to extend the field, whatever it is. WS: Maybe I’m remembering wrong, but I feel like we’ve always been kind of greeted with a little bit of confusion by the people who invite us. They invite us with this idea, maybe you feel like they want you to reproduce something that you’ve done before in another city. And we usually divert from that and do something totally different. And then there’s always a huge chaos up until we present. In New York (The Invisible Lunch Discussions, 2015), it was sort of total uncertainty, but we were basically invited to do the same project we’d done somewhere else and we did not want to do that. So, we put our own spin on it and it worked out. And then in St. Lambrecht, a small town in Austria (Gerichte auf Tischen, 2012), we had a lot of stress with the curator, which is the last thing you want to deal with since there are so many other logistical issues and you don’t want to have to confront them with what you’re doing. So, there’s always trust issues, but each project for the most part has always ended well. MP: William mentioned the curators in St. Lambrecht. They demanded that we give them a built object and we said no. We did in fact construct tables but they went back to the community – people took them home. In the Soweto Project too, we were under pressure to define the project before we went there, and we said we don’t do this. That was interesting. It was a battle to tell them ten thousand times that we don’t define a project beforehand. KR: Is that easier as you go along now that there’s something of a track record of ways that you engage and the multiplicities of those ways. FB: I think so. I mean it was different some years ago, but now the class gets invited so it’s gained a sort of reputation. WS: Being here is a really cool example. We came here and I’m sure we were invited with a set expectation of doing a community project or however and we responded to our take on the community. In a certain way its like the earth outside, it’s really rock hard and when it rains the water just dissipates all over. In a certain way we felt that we weren’t able to ground something and so we did something totally different. A performance. I mean, to some people it could be seen as insulting or offensive, but we also then come full circle with a conversation, which takes place after the tour, about it too. So in a certain way we are reinventing how we would normally approach a community project. I don’t know what the residency thinks of the project yet, we haven’t had a conversation, but I’m sure they were surprised by it. KR: I can see how in some regard who invites you might lend a little bit of a flavor to how it feels to be here under those auspices of the invite. I’m curious where the invitations come from. Is it usually art museums or community centers or professors and what the range of those things are and if you’re seeking things outside of those institutional invites? MP: We actually don’t seek out invitations because they usually come to us. In fact, we have too much to do, and I love it. What’s also important to understand is that institutions are not some abstract thing in the air – they are people. So when we are invited by an institution, it means we are being invited by a person in the institution who trusts our practice. WS: People definitely do welcome us into the city and give us an initial perspective. On this trip for example, we’re 10 people with 20 eyes and 20 ears and 10 minds, and so we can grow and expand from that. I also feel that our experience has changed a lot from the first day we were here and we’ve matured a lot for only being here a month and a half. In Soweto it sounds like you were invited and you were brought to certain people in the beginning. So if you think about when you visit a city, the first thing you do is try to call up a friend who lives there or a friend of a friend or you want to be practical about how you use your time and get acquainted. So, it kind of starts like that and then we branch out. KR: That’s always fun to visit a city and then report back to the friend about the things you found or ran into that they had no idea about. KL: It’s kind of interesting when you guys disperse and are no longer in this class, you carry it with you and it ripples out into wherever you go next. And so I wonder about the future forms of this class as it changes. Do you see it continuing on in the same direction? I know you mentioned the university wanting you to have shorter residencies. MP: I really believe in long-term residencies, and I will push for this. I think two and a half months is good. One and a half months, which is what we have here, is the minimum length of time. FB: And about the future, in Hamburg there are a few people that have now graduated from the class and they still somewhat work together. One is planning on making a large maker’s space and there’s this idea that it could still be the same people that worked in this class and they could collaborate there. And there’s the project that I was doing with other classmates (Das Archipel). MP: Residencies can take different formats. From here we go to Israel, where we have been invited by the Israeli Center for Digital Art for a workshop and a symposium (The Neighborhood as Global Arena, 2015). Traditionally, museums focus on the exhibition space, and now some art institutions, like the Center for Digital Art, are trying to think of their space not as an exhibition space but as a space for community projects. They want to push the boundaries of what an art institution is, and what art is. And the class is being invited there because of its own practice. That’s beautiful, I think. KL: And in forming the curriculum I read that the class will decide on how a good chunk of it is formed. So, do the students also reach out and find these connections or are they always approaching you? MP: We decide together. We meet every Wednesday and we discuss things together. Everyone has different interests and different ideas. KR: So what does it look like for the people that can’t go on all the trips, how is it for them coming back in? Or what are they doing in the meantime while you folks are here, how does that play out over the whole trajectory of the course? WS: You guys know. They work and they go to school and do normal things like we’re not doing right now. I think they’re probably enjoying being able to go to other classes, too. KR: Do they bring other things that they’re working on to the class, does that conversation come back in on Wednesdays when you meet? MP: Yeah, of course we try. We will need to talk and present. Every half a year we have a presentation and exhibition in the Department of Design, which is the department we belong to. KL: I feel like there’s not that freedom to go out and explore and we’re not really given that time to do that and reflect on it, especially within a group. I feel like we’re very individualized. So I’m listening and I’m thinking about how to incorporate this into the classes that we end up teaching. How do you bring the outside world in and the inside world out in this construct that we’re given? I don’t know if you guys might have any ideas or suggestions on how to do that. KR: Yeah I think my challenge with that is digital media because it often happens in these boxes and then how to form a community around still learning digital skills and then practical applications for bringing that into the community. You guys talking about this format and what you’re learning as far as negotiations and communications has got gears turning for me and figuring out methods for bringing that into a class. FB: For me it’s really hard to give you advice, I don’t know either. WS: It sounds like a challenge, but maybe changing your location and going against the normalities of school. And there are these kinds of contracts with the classroom that it is individual – you’re getting your grade and you’re doing your homework. Maybe if you take people outside of that comfort zone they identify more as a group. KR: I’m teaching a foundations class so it is a little less of my own free form curriculum and so I’m supposed to teach them about sound and visuals and raster vector images and video editing. MP: Sometimes it’s also super nice to have discussions outside and not in the classroom if you don’t need to. Just thinking back to some of our failures, I’m looking at Konouz, who was part of the Open Shelter project we recently did in Neuenkirchen, in rural Germany. That was a great example of a failure we admitted to halfway through the process. We were commissioned to construct a roof structure for schoolchildren who were caring for a school forest in a village, and while we were working with them we realized the roof wouldn’t work. So we dropped the roof and made the project into an open system that shows the transfer of energies in nature. The person who invited us was really an angel not to get upset. After half a year of working towards one concept, we said we won’t do this and we will do something different. So we admitted our failure and changed the project for the better. It was a lot of work. BN: I don’t really know how the university works here, but do you have any way to get around giving grades? Is there anyway that you can somehow be a little more loose around that. KR: I feel like I haven’t pushed that, it’s my first semester teaching anything so I kind of just jumped in and have been doing it how it’s always been done. Now I would love to have to not worry about that and not have my students worry about that. KL: Something I think our class has noticed about your class is that you all are so focused and motivated. Students tend to be more motivated in our classes because they’re getting a grade and that’s their reason for wanting to do well. And they always want to know what they are being graded on and so something I really appreciate about the way this class is run is that you are motivated by your own interests and your own concerns when you come to a place. KR: And how to create that environment in a classroom when they’re surrounded by the other classes and having to take the other classes where the culture in those classes is different, but similar to one another. KL: And I think part of it is what you guys are doing is relevant to each of you. You’re driven by your individual interests. And I think maybe finding that relevance for students in some way for each of them, individually, could be key. MP: Maybe at the end of the course, you do something outside. Going outside the classroom is important, I think. But first remember, you have to have your own practice to rely on and to challenge you. WS: I was just thinking when I was this age [freshman] I did post secondary enrollment option where you can go to a community college instead of high school and this was when I was at my wits end with high school. I had like the typical anti-social thoughts going on like “Why am I here? Why am I in this stupid institution? What are they trying to teach me?” And I was ready to quit and then I ended up going to college instead and it was so refreshing to be treated like an adult, but then once you’re in college you realize you’re not totally being treated like an adult. Especially if you’re a freshman at a university getting the standardized education that you guys are kind of forced to fit into. Maybe you guys need to break rules too and kind of take risks. You don’t always have to follow rules. At the end of the day you’re not going to loose your job. KR: And if you do that’s probably not a job you wanted anyway.	cc/2019-30/en_head_0043.json.gz/line2256
__label__cc	0.632937	0.367063	Jessica Helfand \| Essays Annals of Academia, Part I: What I Didn't Learn In Graduate School When I was in the ninth grade, I was required to take a class in environmental science. Having then, as now, virtually no scientific aptitide to speak of, I feared the uphill climb of my life. But instead, I was happy to discover that the curriculum was centered around daily visits to a creek on the school's property, where we were each asked to keep a journal, and to write down everything we observed: changes in the color of leaves, variations in climate, details about the insect population and so on. In retrospect, this extended study in observational awareness may have had more to do with my decision to become a graphic designer than just about anything else. Yet as a graduate student in the MFA program at Yale some 13 years later, I resisted precisely such rigors. Here, ruthless observation took the form of strict visual problems with extremely formal restrictions: plaka and gouache and ruling pens were the common currency, and drawing the same thing over and over again was more the rule than the exception. Even the format was specified: 8x8-inch square fields were thought to be "neutral", and were therefore the format of choice for most assignments. Were I to have approached these assignments with the openmindedness with which I once greeted my daily forays to the creek, I might have seen them as liberating, even creative. At the time, however, all I could think of was how intellectually stifling they were, and I longed to see my experience in graduate study informed by broader notions of history, philosophy and ideas. It was with such airs of superiority that I spent every free moment during my two years at Yale buried in the corner of the library. Consequently, I produced a long, somewhat densely written thesis, yet one which was directly connected to my angst in the studio: in an effort to try and discover what great and intractable truths lay in these highly formalized assignments, I wrote a minor tome 194 pages, in fact on the history of the square. (Readers who think I only write about geometry will be relieved or possibly horrified to learn that I was a daytime television writer once, also.) The bad news was, I spent so much time researching my thesis that I ended up designing it in about a week. And it looked like it. The good news was, there was only one person on the Yale faculty who I knew would take the time to sit down and actually read it: and that was Paul Rand. Yet while I can claim to have spent a wonderful, deeply enriching period of my life working under the guidance of Rand (whose own insatiable, intellectual thirst was similar to my own, or so I liked to imagine) I regret that there was no better way of merging thinking and doing, reading and making, researching and inventing: a fusion between the life of the studio and the life of the mind. (Interestingly, this is exactly what I pride myself in now with my own students: like parents who hope for better opportunities for their own children, I derive enormous gratification from my students' succeeding where I or my then-curriculum once failed.) Perhaps, I remember wondering some time later, if Rand himself had accompanied us to the library and then on to the studio, where his classic exercises in visual semantics were given, there might have been a way to capture the observational thinking that I had long ago discovered as a ninth grader, and merge it with the resources and capabilities that really good colleges and universities can offer? Looking back, those of us who found such riches did so as a consequence of our own curiosity and initiative. By filling in the spaces between those educational gaps ourselves, we probably found greater meaning and more lasting value in the work we did as a result. At the very least, we learned how to scrutinize the questions as much as the answers. This, it seems to me, is a very good thing for any graphic designer to know how to do. Posted in: Education , Graphic Design, Theory + Criticism Your comments resonate with me as I have just finished my PhD. I was blessed with committee of mentors who were able to let me explore the proverbial creek and, at times, get completely lost. It sounds like rigors of Yale may not have allowed that freedom. It was, perhaps, too scripted? I work for an organization at the univeristy that studies teaching and learning and am surprised by the number of conversations with faculty about finding the point in each students careers that 'scaffolding' can end and self-propelled learning can take over. Although I am proponent of teaching essential, fundamental design skills (including traditional art techniques), I would argue that you were were ready, at the Master's level, to explore - you had learned to be an intrinsically motivated designer and student (every instructor's dream!). I worry now, especially in regards to public institutions, that the fiscal climate is such that discussions about accountability and student learning outcomes will further tighten or restrict curricula and the student's ability to chose an educational path that is personally meaningful. (Afterthought: If you are doing your Master's at Yale you are already in the elite - the 99th percentile of educated persons globally! You could've done your thesis on rabbit poop and you'd still be assured a very respectable salary when you graduated. So, you might as well have spent it in library!) Gregory Turner-Rahman Looking back, I think ninth grade turned me into a graphic designer as well. I was told by teachers that "graphic design" was a possibility for me, so i looked it up in the encyclopedia and for quite a while, due to the density of my skull, had the sense that graphic design was equivalent to op-art. Why? I guess that one example of graphic design in the reference book had a sort of black and white vibrational effect. It wasn't until I got into college that I gained any sense that graphic design was in fact about what I was really interested in: the design of books and other forms of communication. But around the ninth grade I was also given one of the first big books that I actually read. It was "Father, Son and Co.", and it was the autobiography of Thomas Watson Jr. at IBM. My father gave it to me after reading it during his time getting an MBA in the NAVY (submarine service). He was retiring and planning to start his own janitorial business. I think the title of the book made him think about the possibilities for a deepened father-son relationship through the creation of a family business. When I finally did hear the name of Paul Rand, I felt a special affinity with his work because of this early reading experience. Ironically, my resultant interest in graphic design has led me competely away from the idea of ever taking over or devoting myself completely to the family business. Anyway, as I'm also driven by the desire to resolve the dichotomy of thinking and doing, I wonder if Jessica Helfand would be able to share some of the ways she makes this merging more possible for her students. To me, it seems rather ironic that the end of 'scaffolding' and the beginning of self-initiation coincides with the beginning of a strong self-righteous rebellion, which itself later has to be re-understood and come to terms with as dependent on that which was rebelled against. It is as though one can't teach self-initiation; one can only set up the circumstances for a rebellion and hope that it takes place. This is my most charitable reading of rigid institutions, but unfortunately, by much of my own personal experience it has been shown to be a bit of an overestimation of the wisdom of teachers. Some seem so deluded by these practices that they can't see when the system has worked well. The self-motivated student is not always every instructor's dream; s/he can also be a worst nightmare, if the teacher doesn't fully understand his or her actual role in the process of learning. Because of the tension in my undergrad experience, I am looking for a grad school that is a better fit. But maybe tension is what I need. I feel good about where I am now and I have to admit that UG schooling indirectly played a large role in getting me there. I may be better off at a school that stresses "doing" (which I have been very suspicious of), if only because it will make me think more. TheorySavage I guess this is a bit of a personal post, but I think it relates to 'thinking' vs 'doing' and self-initiation. When I was a kid--or more of a kid than I am now--I wanted to be an animator, the next Chuck Jones or Tex Avery, but that eventually fell by the wayside and I went to university to study Politics. After two of that I decided that Politics were not a field I would like to be actively--ie professionally--involved on a daily basis, although it was, and is, something I love to think about and read about on my spare time but not something I want to do. Luckily, I came across a Typography degree in the University that I was already enrolled in and decided to tranfer to it. I did not apply to any other school, because I thought--rightly in retrospect--that the one at my University was perfect for my needs. The course is intensely practical, and even the theoretical dimension of it is firmly grounded on practice. For example, we get taught about studies done on typographic cueing for screen design and legibility research, while semiotics were mentioned once in passing throughout the four-years. To me this is a very valid approach since the emphasis of the course is in producing people who can effectively communicate and articulate complex information on a printed page, this is done however, to the detriment of 'creativity'. One could say that this course produces doers--people who, in theory at least, know how to make usable and practical documents, with aesthetics as an essentially secondary issue--not 'thinking' desingers. This may seem like a stifling environment, but it really is not. It gives us what we need to know about well formed and articulated documents, and really makes us think about information. On the other hand any person who feels he or she needs to be more creative does so anyway by approaching the projects and the issues involved in new and interesting ways. In fact, in my case, the limitations have actually pushed me to strive further and try different things--with varying degrees of success--and I have always been supported by my tutors in this. In other words curiosity, and the need to look at, think about, new things and apply them in one's work is something largely innate, which can be helped and boosted by good teaching, but it seems to me that if it ain't there it ain't there (by the way I do not equate curiosity with good design or talent, they are related but they can exist without one another). Also, since I am at the stage of finishing my degree and am considering my options, I would very much like to read your thoughts on further study vs. work in the 'real' world? Achilles Yerocostopoulos Describing her work, Maya Lin once said: "'I create places in which to think, without trying to dictate what to think." A good lesson for us all. I am always aware of the paradox of higher education when participating in graduate admissions, where as a member of the faculty I am asked to evaluate and consider prospective applicants from all over the world. On one hand, one wants a mature individual with experience (not just design experience, but experience as a person in the world) and an independent sense of his or her self. At the same time, we ask them to leave their proverbial "baggage" at the door, leaving themselves wide open to huge amounts of input and quite rigorous critique. Not an easy task for anyone. It's not just design education that is changing, but design as a discipline that is radically shifting from a service business to an expressive medium all its own. In my view, institutions that cultivate design thinking and doing (i.e. "the academy") must respond to these changes in a way that not only accomodates what's happening now but anticipates future needs as well. Where will the design profession be in 10 years? Where will the designer be In 20 years? What will the world need from us? And what, more importantly, will we offer in return? It seems to me that the big change is that (here I go): you no longer need a client or a brief to be a designer. This is not so much a crisis of authorship as a crisis of intent: it's a new profile for design and designers, befitting its own, entirely new pathology. And soon. The deeper ramifications of this paradigm shift in design education and culture will be examined more closely next week in Part II of this post. "you no longer need a client or a brief to be a designer." yes, but-this as an honest and straightforward question-what is new or different about this? taking (semi-arbitrarily, but how far back should we go: cave painting?) the great exhibition of 1851 as a point at which the notion of a designed object became cuturally relevant, isn't there a line that can be traced through william morris, the bauhaus, destijl, man ray, henrik wermann, willem sandberg, bruno munari, the eames, victor papanek, archigram, tadaonori yokoo, hipgnosis, hard werken, grapus, studio dumbar, john chris jones, why not, miles murray sorrel fuel, up to dot dot dot, ryan mcginness and geoff mcfetridge (all for example) that indicates the notion ('no longer' needing a client or brief) as underlying design as a given, a basis, rather than an alternative or recent development? isn't it actually the tradition? Yes, Graham: but when did that particular tradition actually begin to impact upon and truly reveal itself in the work we're seeing coming from our students? the central school? glasgow? the bauhaus? ulm? the royal college? not too sure, but lots of places i would've thought. around the end of the nineteenth/beginning of the twentieth century and forwards. I take Gregory Turner-Rahman's worries quite seriously. The institutional emphasis on student outcomes have now become commonplace within colleges and universities. Because of pressures derived from professional practice, the education of graphic designers has had to contend with the outcome issue since the discipline entered the "academy." The perceived (and very often dogmatic) requirements of the professional practice of graphic design have too often resulted in students who have low expectations of themselves as critical thinkers. In his recent novel, the Nobel Prize winning writer and critic J.M. Coetzee writes, "We understand by immersing ourselves and our intelligence in complexity. There is something self-stultified in the way in which scientific behaviorism recoils from the complexity of life." Coetzee titles his novel, Elizabeth Costello. The chapters that I refer to here were originally delivered as the Tanner lectures at Princeton and later published under the title The Lives of Animals in 1997. These words are from a fictional lecture given by Coetzee's protagonist Elizabeth Costello. Costello is an aging Australian novelist of some repute. She is a woman of conscience. The treatment of animals by humans weighs heavy on her. Over the course of a series of lectures, she compares how behavioral science studies primate and human behavior. Her startling claim is that behavioral science, because it strives for simplicity (rather than complexity), understands behavior as being primarily motivated by instinct. Broadly speaking, science maintains that what distinguishes humans from primates is the ability to reason at a high degree. More specifically, behavioral sciences studies primates in order to isolate basic behavior, because it assumes that primates don't reason at the same level as humans, if at all. This study of basic behavior apparently contributes to what we can know about more complex behaviors aided by reason. But this assumption, as Coetzee by way of Costello points out, is based on an overly simplified and instrumental definition of what it is to reason. In 1917, the Gestalt psychologist, Wolfgang Köhler, as part of the Prussian Academy Study of Science, conducted experiments on anthropoid apes on the Island of Tenerife. As a part of his assignment, Köhler studied gesture, language, and perception in the apes, determining their place on the developmental scale. The apes were subjected to a series of tests whereby they would have to overcome a variety of obstacles to obtain food, usually bananas. Köhler observed that his apes, Sultan especially, showed signs of genuine intelligence and insight. And from his observation, he concluded that apes could be educated. Köhler based his conclusion on already pre-established criteria of what would constitute intelligence and insight in Sultan's behavior, the behavior of an apeas being based on the primal instinct to survive. All Sultan has to do is survive to be viewed as having some intelligence. Faced with the possibility of starvation, Sultan performed the appropriate tasks of overcoming obstacles to obtain nourishment. He survived. In this life or death scene, Sultan shows intelligence because he does what he must do to feed himself. Coetzee has Costello complicate this scenario by suggesting that Sultan's intelligence may lie elsewhere. Costello reads: "Sultan knows: Now one is supposed to think. That is what the bananas up there are about. The bananas are there to make one think, to spur one to the limits of one's thinking. But what must what one think? [...] The right thought to think is: How does one use the crates to reach the bananas?" Costello believes that it is not that Sultan is incapable of thought and of a high level of reason, but that his teacher (for that is what Köhler takes himself for by "educating" the ape) cannot conceive of Sultan's capacity to think and reason at a high level. The teacher has very low expectations of his pupil. Coetzee has Costello put it this way: "At every turn Sultan is driven to think the less interesting thought. From the purity of speculation (Why do men behave like this?) he is relentlessly propelled towards lower, practical, instrumental reason (How does one use this to get that?) and thus towards acceptance of himself as an organism with an appetite that needs to be satisfied." From this, I take it that Sultan's low self-esteem is a reflection of his teacher's low expectations. The ape cannot but have an ape like concept of himself, because he is constrained by the definition of ape intelligence that Köhler established with the proposed outcomes of his experimentape exhibits intelligence by thinking right thoughts and coordinating his behavior in such a way that he meets the predetermined criteria of success. Despite the obstacles, he gets the bananas. No doubt, there are lessons to be learned from Coetzee's allegories. Elizabeth Costello is, after all, organized by chapters that are titled "Lesson 3: The Lives of Animals," "Lesson 4: The Lives of Animals," and so on. I'd like to think that the example of Sultan is informative, not only for exploring how it is that humans classify the intelligence of animals but for analogizing how it is that humans classify other humans relative to intelligence. And since I'm discussing lessons, the analogy seems closest to how it is that students are classified according to the expectations of their teachers and of institutions of higher education. Like Köhler's Sultan who possesses an ape like concept of himself, because he is constrained by the definition of ape intelligence that his teacher established with the proposed outcomes of his experiment, students may possess ape like concepts of themselves, because teachers expect their students to think the least interesting thoughts, thus propelling them towards the most basic forms of reason. The philosopher Ian Hacking has suggested the possibility that humans can take on attributes that are impressed upon them through an institutional process of categorization. Hacking says, "People spontaneously come to fit their categories." What he means is irreducibly more complex than his statement lets on. Hacking like Michel Foucault and Donald Davidson, claims that the study of humans in order to categorize them into kinds of humans is a way of "making up people." We make up all sorts of people when we collect data on human practices, like suicide, prostitution, drunkenness, madness, and others. Hacking maintains that before the compellation of data on suicide, for example, no such category existed. Of course, making up people does result in more positive models of human conduct. But, what Hacking attempts to establish in his exploration of the vicissitudes of making up people through naming, what he calls "dynamic nominalism," is the broad "spheres of possibility, and hence our selves [...]." What then can we make of people that we categorize as students of design? Are they too much like apes? Michael Golec I can't tell you how timely it is to read all of this. Like Jessica, I was paralyzed by the research component of my thesis. Graduate school became a means of immersing myself in something "intellectual." More so than laboring over advertisements and point of purchase (which I did for Kmart--among others--before returning to school). Point being, the reading, comprehension, analysis, and immersion in information became more ciritcal to me than making things. When I did conceive and craft visual objects, it was one missed dart after another. I always remember a poster Rand did--perhaps for the AIGA or UCLA, it escapes me--where a target has all of these missed shots. Story goes that Rand claimed the ones who miss the most, learn the most. Arriving at a conclusion easily, rarely happens, and carries less reward. That's what education is about. Learning on your own, and learning how you learn. I hope to always be a student. I know very little about apes, and just as little about behavorial science, but I can say that graphic design educators must look for new ways to challenge their students. Do we need to look inward more often than outward? What's wrong with a bookish thesis on design? Won't it contribute to the critical nature of our work? And, why not look into behavioral science a little? Perhaps we could learn a about the people we are trying to reach, and how to reach them better. Or is that what advertising does? I'm looking forward to Part II, Jessica. Will you be talking about this more in Maine??? Michael, I don't think that teachers expect their students to think the least interesting thoughts at least not good teachers. On the contrary, it might be said that the ideal outcome of any educational experience is to be introduced to a new constellation of resources only to emerge later with an original idea or two of one's own. If original ideas are less frequently found in the academy it is only because such a scarcity of novel thinking is often true of life itself. I am all for looking at behavioral patterns to better understand the social structure of design education, and if I read your post correctly, I imagine that reason is what separates human beings from the animal world in general. With apologies to primates, my point is that where design education is concerned, a more progressive balance between instruction, reflection and action represents a more evolved species of designer than once existed. My post was directed at Gregory Turner's comment regarding the current pressure that public [education] institutions place a significant emphasis on so-called "learning outcomes." Regardless of the dedication of many fine teachers, more and more institutions require that students perform to a set criterion, established in advance by the instructor who identifies learning outcomes. In the case of graphic design education, learning outcomes are, for the most part, determined by the expectation that students will pursue graphic design as a career. This means that the graphic design student must perform to explicit and implicit rules that govern graphic design as a practice (in whatever form that practice might take). In the worse cases, this means that graphic design students are taught to "ape" the perceived successes of present and past design, apart from a critical acknowledgment of graphic design's role in the construction or manufacture of culture. Coetzee's allegory is instructive in the sense that once we categorize students as "students of graphic design" we limit their potential as educated persons. Certainly, there are students who will transgress the category. We hope. On a different, but related topic, if design education is indeed changing to accommodate a shift "from a service business to an expressive medium all it's own," as Jessica states, I wonder, what does design express that it hasn't in the past? Some design has expressed, and continues to express, its allegiance to established ideologies that have created the basis for professional practice, with or without clients or briefs. It may be the case that the radical shift that Jessica argues for is an expression of a desire or a symptom of a "pathology" that is already a guiding aspect of the graphic design professionthat the profession must evolve or expire. This isn't a criticism, but rather an observation. Michaell Golec I have recently graduated with a BFA, but during school I was also very interested in design theory, and also how it correlates with literary theory and art criticism and theory. I believe as designers we are at a crux, with the opportunity to define a new method of communication. Your post touches on this in two ways I believe. One in that the designer of this new communication will be a thinker. How does this differ from any current graphic designer? In that the current designer is attempting to use current means to communicate the problem. However, with the amount media circulating today there is no communication by replicating traditional design principles. This design melts into the landscape, (and in branding reinforces the competitors brand as much as it communicates the designers solution), A designer should be able to analyze the communication problem (including how that communication is created for the competition) and develop a unique way of addressing that problem that will be as unique as the problem. The designer then needs to have a foundation in theory and the ability to think, as well as have the freedom to explore visual communication. The ability to communicate as the designer sees fit is the second way design will be defined in the future. I imagine a separation between this kind of design and the continuation of design as we know it by people who aren't interested in true communication. Many people will argue that this second kind of designer (who doesn't strive for experimental communication) is a true designer submitting to the clients needs, and that a designer who will throw client needs away is more of a fine artist than a designer. I disagree. I believe that only through unique and experimental (for lack of a better word) design will companies truly be able to communicate. Which makes the designer who pushes boundaries better able to communicate which serves the clients purpose. It was encouraging to read your insights, and shared views on the future of design, and necessity for thought in the process. i am currently a graphic design (UG) student at a university that follows the yale curriculum & has several yale grads on the faculty. i have been very frustrated by the lack of theory in the program. is it because they think that the thingking somehow competes with the doing? isn't it truer to say that more theory would enrich the experience? if we are going out and stimulating ourselves with further exploration and feeling enriched, isn't it obvious that thinking is a natural compliment to the doing? i find myself being very critical and cynical about the defecits in my program, and i think this takes away from my experience. I'll probably get fired for admitting this but here goes: I don't see theory (or intellectual engagement) and practice (or creative productivity) as mutually exclusive. On the contrary, we need to rethink our curricula so that these very necessary twin impulses coexist naturally, dynamically, syntactically. The misguided notion that too much thinking inhibits making is where the dumbing down of our profession originates. (In my humble opinion.) In our now-controversial talk in Vancouver last fall, Bill and I admonished the design community for its lack of engagement with the world an appraisal which we stand by, and which I, for one, feel informs my own work as an educator. But if I feel strongly about guiding my students toward unorthodox paths of research and recovery, I feel equally impassioned about instilling in them a sense, if they don't have it already, that they need to make things, lots of things, and they need to keep on making things even when they think they're done making things. Making work does not imply abandoning the intellect along the way; on the contrary, it is precisely such theoretical inquiry alongside active visualization that makes the examined life worth living. Rachel's comments strike at the bone. Her questions and frustrations should be taken seriously and addressed by graphic design educators. As an undergraduate student of graphic design, she is not alone in her criticism and cynicism. I believe that her and John's interest in theoretical issues, whether drawing from literary criticism, visual cultural studies, art theory, or elsewhere, should be encouraged and addressed in the studio environment. As it stands, I would imagine that such issues are addressed in graphic design history courses. Unfortunately, a good deal of these courses present students with a chronology of styles, intended to give the student a visual data-bank that she can draw from in the studio context. Such an approach to the history of graphic design, it seems, hardly meets the challenge that Rachel and John put forth. Recently, Steven Heller has suggested that graphic design programs should adopt a five-year course of study. The precedent for such a program can be found in undergraduate professional architecture programs. While architecture is as beholden to professional practice as graphic design, as a profession, it does see the value of a broad humanities based education. This may in fact have more to do with the architectural profession's consciousness of its own history as a humanist enterprise than with a desire to meet the contemporary needs of clients (although the two are not necessarily mutually exclusive). A broader more rigorous liberal arts or humanities education could be the result of graphic design programs adopting the five-year plan. This assumes that the burden, or emphasis for a more robust design education should happen at the undergraduate level, but I'm not so sure. Speaking from my own experience which was biased toward a liberal-arts curriculum, I am not convinced that 18 and 19-year old students have the attention and/or depth of understanding to make such a system worthwhile. Again, I speak from personal experience: I know I didn't have the stick-to-it-iveness as an undergrad. But I did have it as a graduate student, and I suspect that the emphasis may be better directed toward smaller programs that cater to a slightly more mature student. That said, any program framed by these kinds of rich resources will depend upon a significant endowment to support its efforts. It is probable, even likely that those programs which do craft curricula which respond to broader cultural demands will groom designers who are better poised to interact with and contribute to the bigger world out there. Earlier posts (Gregory's, for one) have pointed out the fiscal scarcity that makes new and improved design programs an imperiled commodity: nevertheless, in the absence of academically validated systems to protect and promote the way designers learn, we owe it to ourselves to begin to address the imbalances in the current system(s). Integrating the humanities within a design program; encouraging our students to read and write, to speak a second language, to learn how to talk about things besides design these goals should not be beyond our reach. I agree with Jessica. I believe the 4 year UG program would need to be evaluated and improved before even considering a 5th year. As a non traditional student myself, I can attest to the lack of attention and depth of understanding of the majority of my classmates. I have arrived at my graphic design education after persuing a zoology degree, traveling the world, working and owning my own business in the service industry and a brief stint as an architecture/historical preservation student. I bring allot of life experience and perspective to my current role as a graphic design student. I have observed that the vast majority of my fellow students are very young, and while they may be interested in graphic design, their view of design is very narrowly focused and I see little in the way of broadening that focus (by including discussions about theory for instance) in our cirriculum. The graduate level does seem the appropriate place for a deeper exploration, but that leaves older students like myself, grossly understimulated in our UG years. This is a thread of fresh air. I was surprised, Jessica, in my conversation with many of your students, to find a lack of interest in critical theory as it relates to graphic design. In fact they kept referring me to one particular student if I wanted to talk to the 'theory head' of the group. They were also frank in explaining to me that less than half a class might know who Barthes or Benjamin was, let alone have read a specific essay I might try to raise. I was distressed by this news; if not at Yale, then where? On the other hand, your recent posts are great encouragement to me. I believe it is Andrew Blauvelt that talks about a 'critical making,' and you appear to be a lone voice for this approach in New Haven but at least you're there. Too often, a craft like writing is thrown out simply as 'copy' and not part of the designer's task. Primary research with the chemists in the lab when designing their departmental collateral is considered useless. Easy design, however beautiful, is disgusting. Arbitrary decisions based on personal preference are made all too often in front of PowerBooks around the world. Choose a blue because the chemist told you in his lab that its hue represented final-phase summaries, NOT BECAUSE IT MATCHES YOUR DESKTOP. In any case, the student (undergrad/grad/postgrad) must always bring an enormous amount of his or her own initiative to a school. The student without this internal drive isn't worth the education of any institution. High school is for getting by, University is for getting As. I hope Part 2 will address some of your proposals for how educators might best intersect theory with practise, transdisciplinary learning with formal analyses, writing articles with forming letters. Andrew Breitenberg It strikes me that students' rejection of "theory" is not completely invalid. Too often the theory mongers dredge up whatever they think represents a show of intellectualism rather than a foundation for making, doing, or even for understanding design. Sure, Barthes and Benjamin have a couple of worthwhile-for-graphic-designers insights but one can do a fair amount of wading without getting near them. Most of what is foisted on graphic design students doesn't even have the saving grace of being contemporary thought; for some reason graphic designers love not just tripe but out-of-date tripe. Theory might be rejected by graphic designers because it is hard but it usually should be rejected because it is not graphic design theory. Universities are full of people who are actually qualified to teach political science or literary criticism. Most people teaching graphic design aren't even qualified to teach graphic design. This is from my site but it seems more relevant here. Gunnar Swanson has suggested that what "theorists" do may not be the work of graphic design. Theory as it is generally practiced in relation to graphic design, though it may be interesting to graphic designers (who supposedly have a set of their own specific concerns), is not necessarily, he says, "graphic design" or even "graphic design theory". OK. I can understand the first part. The argument is that critical theory is critical theory, even when it is applied to graphic design. But the development of critical theory is more abstract than its application. To think about rationality in abstraction is not to apply it. Critical theory applied to politics, graphic design, or anything, is the work of a theory of politics, design, etc., not of critical theory itself. When Habermas wrote Between Facts and Norms, he was "doing" political theory through the lens of his critical theory; he was generally not working on critical theory itself, which he did in the Theory of Communicative Action, and he was not "being" (specifically doing the work of) a politician. These abstract distinctions, however, do not mean that Habermas was not engaging in political activity by writing Between Facts and Norms and abstaining from a professional political life. Similarly, to think about morality is not to apply it, technically. When a theory of morality is applied to everyday life, you are not "doing" moral theory, you are participating in daily life. Moral theory applied to life is the work of moral living. Abstaining from certain actions is positive work in the field of living. You might say that an ascetic monk is not "living", but he would beg to differ. What is the purpose of theorizing a distinction between the act of creation and the thought that goes into that creation? And furthermore, what is the purpose of theorizing a distinction between the thought that goes into creation and the thought about that thought? The purpose is to develop our understanding of various modes of action and thought and to increase the level of self-reflection which leads to human progress; it is not, ultimately, to try to put people into these boxes as if everybody should occupy a particular spot. The theorist doesn't cease to be a practitioner. Apparently, though practitioners can cease to be theorists. Or can they? Gunnar is falling prey to his own criticism here, actually, because he certainly seems to believe himself to be doing the "work" of graphic design and graphic design theory in making these observations; he intends to solidify something, protect it from invasion; he intends to abstain from "lily-gilding". But in doing what he (I assume) thinks is positive work for the profession and for design theory, he is actually simply theorizing about the distinctions between thinker and doer, thinker and thinker on thought. This is the work of philosophy, not of graphic design. Graphic Design as a Liberal Art is not "graphic design" either. He may object that his writing does not claim to be "the work" of graphic design, but again, this is a fairly meaningless defense based more on semantics than intent. Is his intention not, in that article, to promote and further the development of graphic design even at the expense of its basic, limited definition? I think so. Should he care? I think not. Am I not a designer because I "think" about graphic design? Of course not. (I may not be a "graphic designer" for other reasons, to come). All designers should think about what they are doing, and indeed they need to think about that thought. By thinking more, they don't cease to be designers (although they may cease to fit into some conservative definition), even if that thinking leads to radical changes in their behavior. Is that not the purpose of a liberal arts education? The fact that "design" is a part of the term "graphic design" makes such a shift possible, in a way that would not be possible with, say, a plumber. Since design involves morality, art, and science, its broadest sense of practice includes considering the efficacy of abstention as well as production and utility. What would be the point of calling a monk "inhuman" just because he has given up on the typical life of humans, other than to implicitly argue against growth and change in the very concept of being human? Faced with an inflexible definition like that, the monk would happily conclude that he is not human, but perhaps rather super-human. How does your concept of graphic design as a liberal art fit into your current stress on vocationalism? Tom Gleason Years ago I knew someone who solved the problems of the universe every time he took LSD. Unfortunately, he came out of his trips not remembering the solution. He decided to keep pencil and paper with him and to remember to write down the solution. When he came down from his next trip he looked at the paper. He had written the word "everything." Of course the solution was right. It just wasn't very useful. I am, by nature, and academic Wobbly. Instead of "one big union" I envision one big department. In my fantasy I see painters and physicists justifying their work and its value to each other. Perhaps the right solution. Just not very useful. The value of disciplinary grouping is that, at least at its best, people with real and specific competence are in control. I think it is the duty of teachers to make the connections, to help students understand why all of these classes aren't unconnected entities. Design affects political history. Religious theory is applicable to design. . . getting that across is an important job of a teacher, as is the encouragement of broad and integrative thinking on the part of students. There is, however, a point where a literature teacher has stopped connecting Metaphysical poetry to current politics and is instead giving his version of current politics with reference to Metaphysical poetry. There are several problems with this: Aside from the ethical dimension of asking students to pay for a class and invest their time under a false pretense, graduates who are assumed to have knowledge of Andrew Marvel will not, a message will be sent to many students that said poetry is not worthy of serious attention, and, perhaps worst of all, the school will be in the position of having political science taught by someone with no qualifications in the field. My argument is not with liberal education. I'm a big believer in the value of broad education and in disciplinary education that some see as "useless." (Hell, I had many majors from photography to marine sciences, have a degree in art history, and was one class shy of another degree in Scandinavian literature.) My long-ago and widely-misinterpreted Design Issues article on graphic design as liberal art was about reinventing liberal education. It suggested that a result of the specific proposal could be the reinvention of graphic design. That would be great. What I object to is the abandonment of disciplinary rigor without offering an improvement over single-discipline focus and the use of graphic design as a foil for other disciplines. When "theory" is taught to graphic design students as a part of graphic design it needs to be justified: Why is this being taught specifically to these students and why is it being taught by this faculty? As to vocationalism, professional academic fields are inevitably at least partially defined by the nature of the profession. If graphic design is taught as graphic design (as opposed to being taught as a nexus of other knowledge) how else should we define it? (That's an actual question, not a rhetorical one.) If students are told that they will be qualified to act in the profession, would it be honest to define it another way? Good lord, y'all, can't you see what the obsession with "Critical Theory" has done to departments and fields that have embraced it? Destructive destructive destructive. Would someone please name a field that has grown healthier thanks to its embrace of Critical Theory? I mean, aside from the field called Critical Theory? One example: a novelist friend who's taught at Harvard tells me that many of the kids there who really care about reading and writing no longer go into English Lit. They know that all you get there is Theory, and who needs that. So they go into Creative Writing instead, where they're at least guaranteed a little hands-on experience. So much for English Lit. Do you really want this happening to your field? If so, say Yes to Critical Theory. I dunno, it strikes me as quite possible that one of the reasons design is reasonably lively these days is that it hasn't been too, too thoroughly intellectualized, let alone Theorized. Design might also be benefitting, not suffering, from the fact that it doesn't get too much intelletual respect and intellectual attention, both of which have been known to kill art forms. Remember the great line about post-bop: it's what happens to jazz when the intellectuals get hold of it. Once the intellectuals sat at the wheel, they ran jazz into over-intellectual dead end after another. But even granting that a little Thinking-about-it isn't necessarily a bad thing for creative types, why not face a few facts: * "Critical Theory" specifically has a pretty bad record, and a reverse-Midas touch, at least for those who aren't interested in becoming Professors of Theory. Many of those who "do" Theory dig it, and seem possessed by some weird kind of cultish fervor that can be kind of impressive. But what's their creative record? * There are many, many ways to approach thinking about the arts, and maybe some of them will prove more productive than Critical Theory, which by the way seems to be on its last legs. (About time.) I'm a fan of evo-bio, for instance, as well as neurophysiological approaches to thinking about the arts. This is a happening approach to the arts that's on the ascendent, by the way. It's got some life in it. It also strikes me as enlightening, helpful, and solidly-based in experience and history. (Unlike Critical Theory, which strikes me as empty wheelspinning.) Many students might find a read of Steven Pinker's "The Blank Slate" or Ellen Dissanayake's "What is Art For?" worthwhile. * Can we agree that there really can be such a thing as too much thinking? This is just common sense, after all. The kid who comes out of school topheavy with thinking is an all-too-common phenom, and is at no advantage in the world whatsoever. It often takes these people years to unlearn the baloney that got laid on them at an impressionable time in life. * And, let's face it, many visual people aren't the most gifted people around at rational-style thinking generally. Forgive me for saying this, but most of the visual types I've known, however bright in a general sense, have primarily been look-and-feel people. That's their strength. They aren't great at evaluating the worth of verbal and logical arguments. They're often credulously eager to buy whatever's fashionable just because, well, they're look-and-feel people after all; they dig what's fashionable, and they've got a feel for what's chic and cool. Which isn't a trivial gift, and which is certainly part of what makes them talented designers. But why try to turn such (often) sweet and gifted creatures into intellectuals, let alone philosophers. Who exactly is being done a favor here? I mean, why not strengthen their rational/discriminative abilities a bit if possible. But I'm afraid I don't understand why this should even be considered hyper-crucial as an education goal. Wouldn't the time and energy be better spent learning skills, learning the history and functioning of the art and the business, gaining experience and taking chances in a relatively safe and open environment, and maybe receiving an OK decent basic general education? Can you realistically hope for more than this? And even if a truly-serious intellectual broadening and deepening is seen as a crucial goal of the education of a designer -- OK, sure, why not? -- what's so complicated about how to achieve this? Why wouldn't a decent, quick run through traditional Philosophy, History, Econ, Aesthetics and Science 101 be sufficient? It'd certainly put a student on much more firm footing than immersion in Critical Theory. Good lord, let's leave edgy Thinking-About-Thinking to ambitious philosophers, and then check in with them about once a decade. Let's not inflict a lot of fancy wheelspinning on people who aren't well-suited to it, and who've got just a few years to turn themselves into competent designers. Michael Blowhard I see language and design as running rather parallel courses. Both are forms of communication that are highly susceptible to miscommunication more often than not. Language has an authoritative source, the dictionary, to designate official meanings while the visual language is still too young to make any permanent statements of what the use of red should signify. What critical theory emphasized for me: That both systems are built of empty placeholders that we fill based on context and both acquire meaning situationally--based on what is positioned on the left, right, top, and bottom of it. I can apply this design, and I do. Could I have picked this up elsewhere? Definitely. But I think many designers--contrary to popular opinion--do in fact read very often and very well. It makes sense that they would approach theory as a way to understand language, and thereby supplement their design understanding and education. Design is rather permeable; things you learn from all disciplines in life can go back and forth. Essentially the skills one picks up in one communication mode will transfer over to the other, either directly or through inspiration. Understanding theory will make you a better reader, and possibly a better writer. Will it make you a better designer? Perhaps not immediately, but it might make you a more analytical "looker" and that's the first step in being a good designer. I agree with Sue on this one, and agree in parts and disagree on others with Mr. Blowhard. Reading theory does not generate form, and there is such a thing as theorizing too much in relationship to actually making something. Typographic arrangements alone are not capable of conveying the ideas of Benjamin or Barthes. Critical theory is good for 'reading' things that one makes, reading how they fit into culture or society and how they are informed by culture. I myself was a comparative lit major as an undergrad at a very progressive and interdisciplinary institution. Has that major helped me in my design work? Definitely. But not necessarily because of theoretical ideas, but because of its relationship to language. Language is structured, and languaged is infused with culture, and this applies very well to design and especially to type. I think there is a big relationship between the structuring of an argument with language and structuring an argument or perspective through design choices. For me, the five-paragraph persuasive paper is a good model for design as well - introduction, thesis (idea), supporting argument 1, supporting argument 2, supporting argument 3, restating of thesis or idea, and conclusion. I think that sort of structure that is inherent in language and writing can very easily be applied to design. Writing also involves style, as does design, and also has a relationship to content. Your design of something can only be good as what that something is. If its not a good idea, or a tired one like 'buy me', then what is being designed can only fall back on stylistics. On the other hand, I see the difficulty seeing how an essay like the Work of Art in the Age of Mechanical Reproduction, which would probably be on any graduate graphic design reading list, would generate form that is taken directly from its ideas. It could be illustrated well, it could be typeset well, but I think that essay talks more about things that are out of the designer's control and is talking more about human culture. It is more about distribution rather than about actually designing. I think Barthes' essays are similar. Reading and theoretical ideas enrich, definitely, and help you place your work, but does it generate form? I'm not sure that I really believe that. I mean, for example, what is referred to as Deconstructionist in graphic design really has very little to do with Deconstruction, I think. It actually has more to do with punk and chaos and skateboarding and the laptop than with French critical theory. I am currently in the 3-year program at Yale, which takes people without an undergraduate degree in design. I came in thinking that my liberal arts background would be applicable in this setting in making design. I felt more comfortable within a University than an art school because of my academic background. I've finished two years, and I think my ideas have changed a lot. Definitely, it takes smart people to make smart design. But knowing critical theory well doesn't necessarily make you a good designer at all. It helps, maybe, in terms of being able to relate to language. But design is very much a 'doing' activity. You have to know type, you do have to be intuitive, you have to be experimental, and none of that really comes from reading books. I agree with Jessica on the point that applying critical theory to design is something that would happen better at the graduate level. When youre only 19 and the only place you have left home for is college, there really isn't that much personal experience to bring to what you are making. But being out in the world, travelling, reading, being enriched, having experience, and basically being a passionate person who is hungry for the world and for what he or she is doing provides more drive and inspiration than assigned reading. On a final note, yeah, french critical theory is so so demode. Those writers are important, but why is it that whenever graphic designers talk about theory they only mention Benjamin and Barthes? There are more contemporary writers and theorists out there, like Michel de Certeau, Hardt and Negri, Arjun Appadurai, Lev Manovich, and others who people should be reading. But should any of this be required reading? Why establish a canon if there isn't one yet? Should Benjamin and Barthes be part of the Canon, and we can wait a few years until a few other voices get accepted? I agree with Mr. Blowhard on that one... why make it an actual discipline if it doesnt need to be? The early nineties were about blowing apart the canon (so passe now too to even talk about it), and currently at Yale School of Art there is a big drive to create a more interdisciplinary atmosphere... so if its not strict now, why push to canonize? Why not encourage a fluid approach? Isn't coherency a bit overrated anyways? Who needs a complete, categorizable thought? More from Jessica Helfand The Look of Freedom It was the American novelist William Faulkner who once observed that we must be free not because we claim freedom, but because we practice it. So who am I to take issue with more contemporary interpretations of commemorative form? Annals of Small Town Life: The Logo Stops Here Working with Florence Knoll, Lucille McGinnis convinced her husband, Patrick B. McGinnis, that the New Haven Railroad needed a new logo. Enter Herbert Matter, Swiss-born designer, photographer and Yale professor whose own education was framed by apprenticeships with Cassandre, Léger and Le Corbusier. The Next Stage It’s time to distance ourselves from performance at the podium, time to move away from hero worship and hubris. And it starts by changing the conversation. Design Competition as Bake-Off The idea of book design rendered as a global free-for-all likens the act of cover design to a giant bake-off. But books are not brownies, and design, like literature, is not a sweet shop. Paris One Forty: Week Eighteen	cc/2019-30/en_head_0043.json.gz/line2257
__label__cc	0.525483	0.474517	Armstrong Visiting Professor at Biomechanics “Wonderland” at University of Nebraska Posted on April 1, 2018 by David G. Armstrong David G. Armstrong, Professor of Surgery and Director of the Southwestern Academic Limb Salvage Alliance (SALSA) became the first podiatric surgeon to serve as visiting professor at the University of Nebraska Omaha’s renowned Center for Research in Human Movement Variability. “To have Professor Armstrong here is an honor and privilege.” noted Iraklis Pipinos, Professor of Surgery who, with Dr. Kota Takahashi, served as Professor Armstrong’s co-hosts. “Professor Armstrong’s work has been the basis of much of what we’ve been working on in mechanics and thermoregulation” noted Dr. Takahashi. “To have him here is an inspiration to our students, postdocs, junior and senior faculty alike.” Armstrong spent two days touring the Medical Center and Biomechanics Building, which is one of the largest of its kinds in the world. “I feel like I’ve set foot in Wonderland” noted Dr. Armstrong “To see the commitment here to human movement and the next-gen research underway inspires me– and I think any visitor– to redouble our efforts to improve the way we manage and measure how people move through the world.” David G. Armstrong and Kota Takahashi with a Biomechanics Student Exoskeleton demonstration at the Center for Research in Human Movement Variability PreviousThe New Footnote is Out! NextNew @UniStrathclyde technique to treat injured limbs	cc/2019-30/en_head_0043.json.gz/line2261
__label__cc	0.626216	0.373784	THE REVENANT [2015] Directed by: Alejandro González Iñárritu Written by: Mark L. Smith (screenplay), Alejandro González Iñárritu (screenplay), Michael Punke (novel) Starring: Leonardo DiCaprio, Tom Hardy, Domhnall Gleeson, Will Poulter I loved Birdman when I first saw it, but the more times I watched it, the more it irritated me; unlike most greats, those films I can watch over and over again. The camera-work was undeniably amazing, and I still love that soundtrack… probably because I am a drummer. But the rest of the movie feels soulless, and more than a little full of itself, despite being well-acted and well-made front to back. It was however an unconventional film to win the Oscar and that was enough to interest me in Iñárritu‘s next movie. It seems I wasn’t the only one, as while Birdman only played at a single art-house cinema early last year, The Revenant is playing everywhere in my city. Oscars open doors, there is no doubt about that. 135 million dollar doors to be precise. At first this massive budget seems worth it, as from the very start it looks amazing, from the swooping camera-work to the long, snow-crusted beards most of the characters wear. When it was over though, I found that it was over-long and relentlessly pessimistic. The film is three hours long but the story is simply about revenge and survival. There are two subplots floating around that could have been edited out altogether, as they don’t add anything. For example, Glass (DiCaprio) has a son with him before the bear attack occurs, and he sees his dead wife in a few hallucinations. I suppose this was added to lend some dramatic heft to the simplistic plot, as his son is half Native-American. Exploring why his son is half Native-American could have created some much needed emotion to the film. But we don’t find out anything about his wife or his son, so while the movie tries to milk some emotional drama in this vein, it fails, leaving the film emotionally bleak. The carnage we witness seems for the most part pointless then, no matter how realistic it all looks. There is another subplot about a Native American tribe who are looking for a stolen daughter that feels disconnected from the rest of the story. The passage of time within the movie is also a problem. Leo starts off with a leg twisted around the wrong way, barely alive. Yet a couple of hours later, he is running and dodging as if he were Superman. This really ripped me out of the experience. Contrary to my problems with the story, the score is appropriately atmospheric (especially the moments where the score stops and all you can hear is nature or silence), while the camera-work is beautiful to watch, with the few action set-pieces being especially well done. It isn’t edited to look like one long take again, though there are many long, uninterrupted shots. There are also many jaw-dropping landscapes that need to be seen on the big screen. Going into the final hour, the extreme facial close-ups do get a bit repetitive. But there is no denying its overall beauty; I’m sure Emmanuel Lubezki will grab another Oscar for his work. The decision to use only natural light was a good one too, as this paints the forests and landscapes with a gritty and dark tone. There is also no denying the incredible acting from everyone involved. I am not a big fan of Domhnall Gleeson but he is solid here as Captain of the fur trapping company Hugh Glass is a part of. Tom Hardy, playing the villain Fitzgerald, has a very heavy accent, but the way he uses this accent to deliver his lines adds to the personality of his character, creating a man that is easy to dislike. Is there anything that Tom Hardy can’t do extremely well?! DiCaprio on the other hand barely says a word, yet says so much with his face. Arguably though, Hardy’s performance was better, as Leo most certainly overacts on more than a few occasions (see below). I am sure The Internet will explode if Leo doesn’t get an Oscar. And despite not liking this film as much as some others, I’m inclined to agree. Not because the role was so demanding that he had to eat raw bison liver in sub-zero temperature conditions. He deserves it because rarely does a big budget film have so much silence, and these moments allow Leo to act without words, at times pulling himself along the ground without the use of his legs. One could say he was just grunting while wearing a desperate look on his face; a much more boring version of the classic scene from The Wolf on Wall Street where he can’t walk after getting messed up on quaaludes. I suppose I’m on the fence about that one, as like I said, he does overact at times. The Revenant deserves to be seen on the big screen, as its visual brilliance is without question, and the score to match it sounds sublime. But take your patience with you; for a film of over three hours, it doesn’t have much meat on its bones. It is too simple – which is a rare criticism for me. It is an incredible tale of survival and a willingness to cling onto life, no doubt about it. But there isn’t much more than that. The expensive and tough shooting conditions certainly add a layer of realism that I have never seen before, but unfortunately there isn’t much of a story to go with it. This is a love/hate affair for me, no doubt about it; it is technically perfect, but emotionally flat. Two beers short of a sixer. Tags : 2015, 2015 Oscars, adventure, Alejandro González Iñárritu, Domhnall Gleeson, Drama, Emmanuel Lubezki, Hugh Glass, Leonardo DiCaprio, Mark L. Smith, Michael Punke, survival, Tom Hardy, western, Will Poulter ← THE STANFORD PRISON EXPERIMENT [2015] 99 HOMES [2015] → 28 thoughts on “THE REVENANT [2015]” I’ll take four beers out of a sixer. Sounds pretty yummy! 😉 You know what man, the issues you have with it are the exact same concerns I have going into it. I’m hoping to really get a kick out of this harsh-looking film, but yeah…..WHY does this have to be stretched to 3 hours?! Good grief, that’s the length of a basketball game. Anyway, two things I expect out of it: for Leo to once more blow me away, and secondly, for Lubezki’s bold decision to shoot in all natural light. I won’t lie, I’m very excited to see how it all goes down. 🙂 Jordan Dodd on January 8, 2016 at 6:47 PM said: It looks ridiculously good man, a movie you need to see on a big screen to appreciate it properly. I was slightly disappointed overall, I thought it would have more depth, but the visuals are enough to warrant a ticket alone. It looks like nothing I have ever seen.. It truly raises the bar for realistic filmmaking theipc on January 9, 2016 at 12:14 AM said: I think this looks great but I doubt I’ll get to see it in the theaters : ( Hope you’re doing all right! Jordan Dodd on January 9, 2016 at 11:38 AM said: Ah that’s a bummer man. It’d be interesting to hear how this goes down on DVD, cos without the amazing visuals this movie doesn’t have much going for it apart from some pretty cool action set-pieces. The bear attack is brutal as well. I’m doing pretty good mate, thanks for asking 🙂 How’s things with you? theipc on January 13, 2016 at 6:21 AM said: Fucking busy all the time… Stu on January 9, 2016 at 4:31 AM said: Interesting read Jordan, and belated happy new year. I’m excited to see this but have reservations, and your criticism at the end about it being technically perfect but emotionally flat seems to be levelled at Iñárritu more and more these days. I’ve really enjoyed all of his films to date, so I’m expecting to like this one too…like Tom I’ll take a four out of six! Happy belated new year to you mate 🙂 It is an amazing experience, you’ll be blown away by the visuals.. I meant, I thought Sicario looked amazing… now it just seems a bit dull compared to how incredible this thing looks. The use of natural light really pays off. The bear attack is great too, I hope you enjoy it mate! Stu on January 9, 2016 at 5:50 PM said: Wow, OK! Lubezki is a massive talent, definitely. I can’t wait to see this on the big screen now. Jordan Dodd on January 10, 2016 at 11:39 AM said: Looking forward to hearing your thoughts mate. You always manage to point out things that I miss! 🙂 Stu on January 10, 2016 at 7:58 PM said: Cheers! But you also point out stuff I wouldn’t have thought about or noticed. Thanks mate 🙂 ruth on January 9, 2016 at 2:40 PM said: Hey Jordan! I’ve been saying to people I don’t think I could handle the brutality of this film. Yes I know I’m missing out but I should know my limit and so I think I’ll just see this later on rental. I’m just about to post my pal Ted’s review of this, hope you’ll stop by and check out his take on it. I didn’t think it was that brutal really, I mean it is nothing compared to Saving private Ryan. I think some people are overselling that aspect of it. I’d be interested to hear what it is like for the first time on a small screen, cos IMO this film doesn’t have much going for it other than the gorgeous visuals ruth on January 14, 2016 at 2:19 AM said: Well I haven’t seen SPR either as I heard it was super gory. As far as overselling, I guess it depends. I’m VERY squeamish so I tend to be careful to go see something when more than a few people have said it’s very gory. Btw, interesting that you don’t seem to be as in love w/ this film as others, Jordan, we’ll see how I feel about it once I’ve seen it. Adam (Consumed by Film) on January 11, 2016 at 6:29 AM said: Great review Jordan. It’s out next week here in the UK — huge fan of DiCaprio so I’m looking forward to this. Funnily enough, I had a similar experience with Birdman. Thought it was outstanding first time around, then felt it wasn’t quite as piercing or textured upon second viewing (I still enjoyed it a lot though). I can’t see myself watching this again at all. Three hours and the story has nothing going on. It looks pretty yeah but I think that the beauty is overshadowing the almost complete lack of emotion for the entire three hours. I hope you enjoy it more than me mate! David on January 11, 2016 at 12:16 PM said: Well defended review. I agree on a lot of what you say but still hold the film a bit higher in regard. I did not like hardy in the role and while the story had some weak areas, I applaud the outstanding effort and vision. Well done, Jordan! I have a suspicion that this will lose a lot of its impact on the small screen. The whole story feels empty, carnage just for the sake of it. That they added a son shows that they realised they had a super thin plot. The hallucinations of his dead wife were reeeeally poorly done. Seems I’m the only one who didn’t love this movie. It certainly won’t be making any top ten lists for me Khalid Rafi on January 13, 2016 at 7:33 AM said: I get where you’re coming from but I thought the film didnt need an emotional center because it was about the stark reality of being mauled by a bear and left for dead in the wilderness. I thought the film got all the emotion it needed from those Terrence Malick-esque dream sequences. But I was just floored by the visual beauty and lyrical quality of the film and whats not to like about DiCaprio’s superb performance Jordan Dodd on January 18, 2016 at 2:46 PM said: There is no denying the beauty of it that’s for sure. But those hallucinations and dream sequences etc didn’t draw me in, and it wasn’t just a lack of emotion as it was a lack of story for me. That’s just how I saw it though, I’ve only read one review that had similar opinions. Nothing wrong with having a different opinion 😀 I perfectly respect your reservations about the film, but on a personal level, I thought the dream sequences really brought a level of gravity to Glass’s character and the sequences themselves weren’t overdone to the point where they get indulgent like they often are in Terrence Malick’s films Jordan Dodd on January 19, 2016 at 8:38 AM said: I’m with you there, they didn’t go over the top a la Malick. On one hand I’m glad everyone has enjoyed this so much, but on the other it is annoying because it feels like I have missed out! Believe me, I know that feeling 😀 vinnieh on January 18, 2016 at 6:07 PM said: I’m really interested in seeing this movie as everyone is discussing it. Great review as always Jordan. Thanks mate. I seem to be on an island with this one, everyone seems to love it! Would be interested to hear what you think I plan to see it in the next few weeks. The Vern on January 21, 2016 at 2:34 PM said: This was 3 hours long. It never felt like that to me. It felt more like 97 minutes. The subplot with the people searching for their daughter does play a crucial role at the very end, at least I thought. The camera work was amazing but yeah this will loose it’s appeal on a smaller screen That’s great that you enjoyed it so much mate! I seem to pretty alone on this one, but that’s what makes writing about and discussing movies fun I didn’t spot what you say about the native Americans and the daughter, how do you mean exactly? The ending of this didn’t gel with me too, I didn’t put it in the review but the last words he says at the end seem to completely contradict what transpires. But that’s just how I see it. 🙂 Its great to hear different viewpoints on movies, that’s one of the main reasons why I love blogging. Thanks for reading mate	cc/2019-30/en_head_0043.json.gz/line2264
__label__wiki	0.980948	0.980948	This article is about the singer. For the screenwriter, see Deb Cox. Deborah Cox (born July 13, 1974) is a Canadian singer, songwriter, actress, and record producer. Born and raised in Toronto, Cox began performing on television commercials at age 12, and entered various talent shows in her teenage years before becoming a professional backing vocalist for Celine Dion. In 1994, she relocated to the United States and was signed to Arista Records by Clive Davis, releasing her self-titled debut album the following year. Her second studio album One Wish (1998) was certified platinum in the United States and was marked by the commercial success of the pop crossover single "Nobody's Supposed to Be Here", which would become Cox's most successful entry on the Billboard Hot 100 chart, peaking at number two and remaining there for eight consecutive weeks. Cox signed with J Records for her third studio album The Morning After (2002), which saw moderate commercial success. Cox in April 2011. (1974-07-13) July 13, 1974 (age 45) DeborahCox.com Cox ventured into acting in the 2000s, making her film debut in the Canadian drama film Love Come Down (2000) and her stage debut in 2004, in the title role in the Broadway musical Aida. She has since appeared in smaller films and several musical productions, including the horror-drama Jekyll & Hyde, the biographical musical Josephine and the musical adaptation of The Bodyguard. Cox's most recent studio albums, Destination Moon (2007) and The Promise (2008), have been released through her own independent record label, Deco Recording Group. In 2017, her single "Let the World Be Ours Tonight" became her 13th number-one hit on Billboard's Dance Club Songs over the span of three consecutive decades.[1] In 2016, Billboard listed Cox at 23rd on its list of the Greatest of All Time Top Dance Club Artists.[2] An eight-time Juno Award nominee, she has won four awards and is often cited as Canada's top R&B artist.[3] Deborah Cox was born in Toronto to parents of Afro-Guyanese descent, grew up in Scarborough, Toronto and attended John XXIII Catholic Elementary School and Earl Haig Secondary School.[3] She began singing on TV commercials at age 12, and entered various talent shows including an appearance on Tiny Talent Time.[4] She performed in nightclubs as a teenager, and began to write music around the same time.[5] Cox entered the music industry in the early 1990s, performing as a backup vocalist for Celine Dion for six months.[3][6] After receiving many rejection letters from Canadian record labels that claimed their "quota" had been reached, Cox moved to Los Angeles in 1994 with producer and songwriting partner, Lascelles Stephens.[3][6] 1995–1999: Debut and One WishEdit In 1995, label executive Clive Davis signed Cox to Arista Records. Featuring production from Dallas Austin, Keith Crouch, Tim & Bob, and Kenneth "Babyface" Edmonds, she released her self-titled debut album the same year. A middling commercial and critical success, the album peaked at number 102 on US Billboard 200 but emegered as a steady seller, eventually receiving a gold certification by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA), while going platinum in Canada. Lead single "Sentimental" entered the top five on the US Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs, while follow-up "Who Do U Love" attained worldwide success, becoming a top twenty success in Australia, New Zealand and the US, also reaching the top of Billboard's Dance Club Songs.[7] In 1996, Deborah Cox won Cox a Juno Award for Best R&B/Soul Recording at the annual award cerremony and earned her a Best Soul/R&B New Artist nomination at the 1996 American Music Awards. Cox contributed the non-album song "Things Just Ain't The Same" to the soundtrack to the 1997 film Money Talks. A dance remix of the song, produced by Hex Hector, became her second number-one hit on Billboard's Dance Club Songs chart and was included on her second album, 1998's One Wish. As with her self-titled debut album, her sophomore effort was once again executive-produced by Davis, but featured more uptempo, contemporary R&B, and a slew of new producers and personnel to incorporate dance and club music, including Montell Jordan, Anthony "Shep" Crawford, Rodney "Darkchild" Jerkins, and DJ Quik. One Wish peaked at number 72 on the Billboard 200 and earned a platinum certification from the RIAA, while reaching gold status in Canada. The album capitalized on the crossover success of lead single "Nobody's Supposed to Be Here" which became Cox's most successful entry on the Billboard Hot 100, peaking at number two, and remaining there for eight consecutive weeks, making it one of the longest stays at number two in chart history. The song also reached number one on the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs, spending a then record-breaking 14 weeks at number one, while third single "We Can't Be Friends," a duet with R. L. Huggar, reached the top ten, with "It's Over Now" and "I Never Knew" become chart toppers on the Dance Club Songs chart. 2000–2005: The Morning After and acting careerEdit After One Wish, Cox collaborated with singer Whitney Houston on her single "Same Script, Different Cast" from the compilation album Whitney: The Greatest Hits. Incorporating a backing track of Ludwig van Beethoven's "Für Elise" during the intro, it was released as a radio-only promo single and became a minor hit on Billboard Hot 100, peaking at number 70 while reaching number 14 on Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs. In 2000, Cox made her acting debut when she starred in Clement Virgo's Canadian drama film Love Come Down, playing a nightclub singer. The film garnered eight nominations at the 21st Genie Awards, including two Best Original Song nominations for Cox's songs "29" and "Our Love". In 2001, Cox then recorded "Absolutely Not", for the soundtrack to Dr. Dolittle 2 which became her sixth number one hit on Billboard's Dance Club Songs. Cox's third album The Morning After was released in November 2002 on J Records following a frustratingly long departure from Arista. It marked the Cox's first record under Clive Davis's label, with Davis once more serving as executive producer.[8] Keen to build on the success of her previous album One Wish, he enlisted the help of producers such as Jimmy Jam and Terry Lewis, Jermaine Dupri, Rodney "Darkchild" Jerkins, and Shep Crawford as well as up-and-coming producers Warryn Campbell, Johntá Austin and Alex Richbourg to work with Cox. A blend of urban R&B and adult contemporary songs with additional dance/house tracks, it became her highest-charting album on the US Billboard 200 and Billboard's Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums yet, debuting and peaking at number 38 and number seven, respectively. Commercially, the album was less successful than her previous album however, though it produced two singles on the US Dance Club Songs chart, including "Mr. Lonely" and "Play Your Part".[8] In February 2004, Cox made her Broadway debut in the Elton John-Tim Rice musical Aida when she replaced singer Michelle Williams in her role of the Nubian princess. Her four-month engagement earned largely positive reviews.[9] The same year, she recorded and released a dance remix of the musical's theme song "Easy As Life" as a promotional single.[10] In 2005, Cox starred in the films Blood of a Champion and Love on Layaway. Also that year, her voice was featured in the movie Hotel Rwanda in the song "Nobody Cares". To sustain demand for Cox's club appearances, while focused on her family and new album projects, she released a dance single titled "House Is Not a Home" on Nervous Records in January 2006. Later in the year, her song "Definition of Love" was used in the movie Akeelah and the Bee, but was not released as a single. 2006–2009: Destination Moon and The PromiseEdit Between 2005 and 2006 Deborah recorded her fourth album, called Destination Moon, arranged and produced by Rob Mounsey. A tribute album to jazz singer Dinah Washington, Cox noted it a concept album that she had in mind for years.[11] Most of the album was recorded live with a forty-piece orchestra with Rob Mounsey arranging. Eventually released by Decca Records in June 2017, Destination Moon peaked at number three on the Billboard Top Jazz Albums. The same year, Cox co-starred alongside Golden Brooks and Darius McCrary in Leslie Small's film A Good Man is Hard to Find. Based on the musical stage play of the same name, the comedy depicts the story of three women who each undergo romantic crises that challenge their personal and spiritual relationships.[12] In 2008, Cox performed the Canadian national anthem at the NBA All-Star Game in New Orleans, receiving rave reviews.[13] She also contributed the song "This Gift" to the soundtrack of the 2008 romantic drama film Meet the Browns, directed by Tyler Perry, and served as a supprting act on Cyndi Lauper's True Colors Tour 2008.[14] Also that year, Cox finished work on her sixth studio album The Promise, released on November 11, 2008 through Deco Recording Group, Cox's own independent label, with distribution handled by Image Entertainment. A breakaway from her previous album, it marked her return to R&B music and saw her working with a wider number of songwriters and producers on the album, including The Avila Brothers, Jimmy Jam and Terry Lewis, Devo Springsteen, Big Jim, and Shep Crawford.[15]The Promise debuted at number 106 on the US Billboard 200, number 14 on the Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums, and number 95 on the Canadian Albums Chart. Earning generally mixed to positive reviews from music critics,[16] it was nominated for R&B/Soul Recording of the Year at the 2009 Juno Awards. It second single "Beautiful U R" marked her biggest hit since "Nobody's Supposed to Be Here," becoming a top ten hit in Canada, where it was certified platinum by Music Canada, as well as her tenth chart topper on the Billboard' Dance Club Songs. In support of the album, Cox joined forces with American R&B singer Kenny Lattimore for the joint Timeless Promise Tour in July 2009.[17] Also in 2009, she was featured on the single "Leave the World Behind", a house track produced by four DJs Axwell, Steve Angello, Sebastian Ingrosso and Laidback Luke.[18] 2010–present: The Queen Project, dance music and BroadwayEdit Cox performing at the Capital Pride in Washington, D.C. in 2012. In 2010, it was announced that Cox would be joining fellow R&B singers Kelly Price and Tamia to form a supergroup.[19] While the trio recorded several tracks together, their joint album The Queen Project eventually failed to materialize due timing issues and label politics.[20] In 2011, Cox released the dance-heavy single "If It Wasn't for Love" through Deco Entertainment.[21] It became her eleventh chart topper on Billboard's Dance Club Songs and was to precede a new studio album which remained unreleased.[22] In September 2012, Cox gave her inaugural performance as the female lead Lucy in a revival of the musical Jekyll & Hyde which toured North America for twenty-five weeks. While the show enjoyed a limited Broadway run only, Cox received positive reviews for her performance.[22] Also in 2012, she collaborated with rapper Akon on the song "No Labels", the official anthem of the same-titled American bipartisan political organization.[23] The following year, Cox collaborated with DJ Paige on the non-album single "Higher". Released through Electronic Kingdom Records, it became her twelfth number-one hit on the US Dance Club Songs chart.[21] In 2014, Cox was one of the performers at the opening ceremonies of WorldPride in Toronto, alongside Melissa Etheridge, Tom Robinson and Steve Grand.[24] In 2015, she provided vocals for the made for television biographical film Whitney, directed by Angela Bassett based on American recording artist Whitney Houston.[25] Cox performed all of Houston's vocals in the film, including "I Will Always Love You", "I'm Your Baby Tonight", and "The Greatest Love of All."[25] The same year, she released the deep house-influenced "Kinda Miss You",[26] as well as the ballad "More Than I Knew" as singles.[27] Both were set to appear on her sixth album Work of Art, initially announced for an August 2015 release through Deco and Primary Wave Music.[28] However, after several delays, the album remained unreleased.[29] In 2016, Cox played the lead role of Josephine Baker in the Broadway-bound musical Josephine, which chronicled the singer’s life between the years of 1939 and 1945, and starred as Rachel Marron in the North American Tour of the musical The Bodyguard based on the 1992 film of the same name. In support of the musical, Cox released the EP I Will Always Love You on Deco and Broadway Records, containing cover versions of seven Whitney Houston originals and Whitney Houston's cover of Dolly Parton's "I Will Always Love You."[30] In June 2017, she released an uptempo dance single "Let the World Be Ours Tonight" during LGBTQ pride season on Radikal Records and Galactic Media. It marked her 13th single to top Billboard's Dance Club Songs.[1] On June 25, 2019, The New York Times Magazine listed Deborah Cox among hundreds of artists whose material was reportedly destroyed in the 2008 Universal fire.[31] Cox currently lives in Miami, Florida. She is married to her high school sweetheart and manager, Lascelles Stephens.[32] They have three children: son, Isaiah (born July 1, 2003), and two daughters, Sumayah (born June 29, 2006), and Kaila Michelle (born February 23, 2009).[33] DiscographyEdit Main article: Deborah Cox discography Deborah Cox (1995) One Wish (1998) Destination Moon (2007) The Promise (2008) Awards and nominationsEdit Won: Juno Award for Best R&B/Soul Recording (Deborah Cox). Nominated: American Music Award for Favorite New Artist – Soul/Rhythm & Blues. Nominated: Juno Award for Best Female Vocalist. Won: Juno Award for Best R&B/Soul Recording ("Things Just Ain't the Same"). Won: Soul Train Award for Best R&B/Soul Single – Female ("Nobody's Supposed to Be Here"). Won: Juno Award for Best R&B/Soul Recording (One Wish). Won: Soul Train Lady of Soul Award for Best R&B/Soul Song of the Year ("Nobody's Supposed to Be Here"). Nominated: Genie Award for Best Original Song ("Our Love" and "29" from Love Come Down). Nominated: Soul Train Award for Best R&B/Soul Single – Group, Band or Duo ("Same Script, Different Cast" feat. Whitney Houston). Nominated: Image Award for Outstanding Female Artist ("We Can't Be Friends") Nominated: Juno Award for Best Dance Recording ("Absolutely Not"). Nominated: Juno Award for Vocal Jazz Album of the Year (Destination Moon). Nominated: Grammy Award Best Engineered Album, Non Classical ("Destination Moon"). Received a star on walk of fame, in Toronto's Scarborough Town Centre. Nominated: Juno Award for R&B/Soul Recording of the Year (The Promise). Book: Deborah Cox List of number-one dance hits (United States) List of artists who reached number one on the US Dance chart ^ a b "Deborah Cox Earns 13th No. 1 on Dance Club Songs". Billboard.com. Retrieved July 29, 2018. ^ "Greatest of All Time Top Dance Club Artists". Billboard. Retrieved July 29, 2018. ^ a b c d "CANOE - JAM! Cox, Deborah: Lilith love affair". Jam.canoe.ca. 2004-11-30. Retrieved 2016-07-15. ^ "Tiny Talent Time returning to Hamilton channel CHCH". Canada.com, June 11, 2013. ^ Biography – Deborah Cox Billboard. Accessed on December 5, 2007. ^ a b Fair not over till it's over, Cox insists JAM! Music. Accessed on March 9, 2009. ^ "Best-Selling Records of 1996". Billboard. BPI Communications Inc. 109 (3): 61. January 18, 1997. ISSN 0006-2510. Retrieved May 8, 2015. ^ a b "Cox Makes J Debut with 'The Morning After'". Billboard. Retrieved July 29, 2018. ^ "Deborah Cox Is Aida Beginning Feb. 17". Playbill.com. Retrieved July 29, 2018. ^ "Deborah A. Cox – Easy As Life (Theme From Aida)". Discogs.com. Retrieved July 29, 2018. ^ "The Official Deborah Cox Website". Deborah Cox. Retrieved May 12, 2012. ^ "A Good Man is Hard to Find (2007)". Rottentomatoes.com. Retrieved July 29, 2018. ^ "Top 10 NBA All-Star National Anthem Performances". FoxSports.com. Retrieved July 29, 2018. ^ "Lauper, B-52s Anchoring True Colors Tour". Billboard.com. Retrieved July 29, 2018. ^ The Promise (Media notes). Deborah Cox. Deco, Image. 2008. CS1 maint: others (link) ^ "Picks and Pans Review: Deborah Cox". People.com (US). Retrieved July 29, 2018. ^ ""A Timeless Promise" Tour Kick-Off: A Grand Success!". Savannah Tribune. Retrieved July 29, 2018. ^ "Leave the World Behind". iTunes (US). Retrieved July 29, 2018. ^ "The Queen Project Is Coming; Are You Excited?". ThaFeedback.com. 2009-11-04. Retrieved 2015-06-17. ^ "EXCLUSIVE: Kelly Price Talks New Album and Why Project with Tamia and Deborah Cox Failed". Singersroom.com. 2010-10-31. Retrieved 2015-06-17. ^ a b "If It Wasn't for Love". iTunes (US). Retrieved July 29, 2018. ^ a b Klein, Aiden. "Dance Diva Deborah Cox". Seattle Gay News. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 12 February 2012. ^ "No Labels". iTunes (US). Retrieved July 29, 2018. ^ "Rise Up" the theme as WorldPride 2014 arrives. Toronto Star, June 19, 2014. ^ a b "First-Time Director Angela Bassett Defends Her Whitney Houston Biopic - ABC News". abcnews.go.com. Retrieved 2015-02-14. ^ "Kinda Miss You - Single by Deborah Cox on Apple Music". Itunes.apple.com. 2015-02-03. Retrieved 2016-07-15. ^ "More Than I Knew - Single by Deborah Cox on iTunes". Itunes.apple.com. 2015-04-14. Retrieved 2016-07-15. ^ "Deborah Cox Talks Police Brutality, 'Work of Art' Album & Relationship Woes". Theboombox.com. Retrieved 2016-07-15. ^ "Deborah Cox to Release New Album "Work of Art" This Summer". YouKnowIGotSoul.com. Retrieved July 29, 2018. ^ "I Will Always Love You (EP)". iTunes (US). Retrieved July 29, 2018. ^ Rosen, Jody (June 25, 2019). "Here Are Hundreds More Artists Whose Tapes Were Destroyed in the UMG Fire". The New York Times. Retrieved June 28, 2019. ^ Karen Bliss (2008-12-22). "CANOE - JAM! Music - Karen Bliss's Lowdown: Insider Canadian music news: Deborah Cox' promising indie decision". Jam.canoe.ca. Retrieved 2016-07-15. ^ "She Popped!". PerezHilton.com. 2009-02-23. Retrieved 2016-07-15. Wikimedia Commons has media related to Deborah Cox. Deborah Cox on IMDb Deborah Cox at the Internet Broadway Database Deborah Cox at Southern Decadence Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Deborah_Cox&oldid=904060163"	cc/2019-30/en_head_0043.json.gz/line2269
__label__wiki	0.839712	0.839712	L'OREAL UNESCO Awards For Women in Science LorealWomenScience.jpg Wednesday, 19 March 2014 - Sonia Bahri/ 01 45 68 41 33 Five exceptional women scientists from around the world will receive the 2014 L’ORÉAL-UNESCO Awards in Life Sciences. The Awards Ceremony that will also distinguish 15 young scientists who will receive the UNESCO-L'OREAL International Fellowships, will take place on 19 March 2014 at the Great Amphitheater of the Sorbonne University (Paris). Each year, five outstanding women scientists – one per continent – are honoured for the contributions of their research, the strength of their commitments and their impact on society. By giving these researchers increased visibility, the awards show the way for new generations, encouraging young women to follow their example. Since the launch of the program, 77 women have been distinguished by the L’Oréal-UNESCO Awards, two of whom subsequently received the Nobel Prize. For Women in Science Program website Meet the 2014 Laureates Science for a Sustainable Future Building Capacity in Science and Engineering Science for Society	cc/2019-30/en_head_0043.json.gz/line2271
__label__wiki	0.760576	0.760576	Anamalai Tiger Reserve Aanaimalai Tiger Reserve Indira Gandhi Wildlife Sanctuary & National Park/Aanaimalai Wildlife Sanctuary IUCN category IV (habitat/species management area) Location in Tamil Nadu, India Coimbatore District, Tamil Nadu, India 10°25′01″N 77°03′24″E / 10.4170°N 77.0567°E / 10.4170; 77.0567Coordinates: 10°25′01″N 77°03′24″E / 10.4170°N 77.0567°E / 10.4170; 77.0567 1976[1][2] Tamil Nadu Forest Department Athioda stream at the park Jambu Malai Akka Malai (at rear) at top of Bison Ridge Vulnerable Nilgiri langur at Indira Gandhi National Park Aanaimalai Tiger Reserve, earlier known as Indira Gandhi Wildlife Sanctuary and National Park (IGWLS&NP) and previously as Aanaimalai Wildlife Sanctuary, is a protected area located in the Anaimalai Hills of Pollachi and Valparai taluks of Coimbatore District and Udumalaipettai taluk in Tiruppur District, Tamil Nadu, India. The Tamil Nadu Environment and Forests Department by a notification dated 27 June 2007,[3] declared an extent of 958.59 km2 that encompassed the erstwhile IGWLS&NP or Aanaimalai Wildlife Sanctuary, as Aanaimalai Tiger Reserve under the Wildlife Protection Act, 1972. According to the National Tiger Conservation Authority, the Reserve presently includes a core area of 958.59 km2 and buffer/peripheral area of 521.28 km2 forming a total area of 1479.87 km2.[4] 4 Tribal Communities 5.1 Anaimalai Tiger Reserve 5.2 Kozhikamudhi Elephant Camp 6 Flora 7 Visitor information The park is named after former Prime Minister of India Indira Gandhi who visited the park on 7 October 1961. The main tourist facilities are located in the northeast corner of the park at "Topslip", so named because of the local 19th century practice of sliding timber logs down the hills from here.[5] By the mid-1800s, large tracts of Valparai plateau in the Anamalais were under intense tea or coffee plantations after deforestation of the natural forests. By 1866 two-thirds of the plantations were owned by Europeans and the remaining by Indians from coastal towns. Since most native inhabitants either refused to work or were inefficient workers, labour for plantations was brought from the plains of Tamil Nadu to clear forests and grow coffee. Some parts of the forest however were reserved for timber including large areas around Top Slip. This part of the Western Ghats, under the Bombay Presidency were exploited extensively for teak which was supplied to the Bombay Dockyard for shipbuilding and later for railroad ties.[6] In 1855, this area came under sustainable forest management for teak plantations by the pioneering efforts Douglas Hamilton and Dr. H. F. Cleghorn of the new Tamil Nadu Forest Department. In the early 1900s, protection of the Karian Sholas was also ensured (Johnsingh 2006a).[7] The area was notified as Anaimalai Wildlife Sanctuary in 1974. of its unique habitats at 3 places – Karian Shola, Grass hills, Manjampatti Valley were notified as a National Park in 1989. The 108 square kilometres (42 sq mi) National Park is the core area of the 958 square kilometres (370 sq mi) Indira Gandhi Wildlife Sanctuary.[1] IGWS was declared a Project Tiger tiger reserve in 2008. The Park and the Sanctuary is under consideration by UNESCO as part of The Western Ghats World Heritage site.[8] The Sanctuary and the Palni Hills in Dindigul District form the Aanaimalai Conservation Area.[9] The sanctuary has six administrative ranges; Pollachi: A southern suburban town of Coimbatore, it has Range Headquarters at Aanaimalai Farm: 109.72 square kilometres (42.36 sq mi) Valparai: Water Falls: 171.5 square kilometres (66.2 sq mi), Ulandy Top Slip: 75.93 square kilometres (29.32 sq mi), Amaravathi: Amaravathi Nagar: 172.5 square kilometres (66.6 sq mi) and Udumalpet: 290.18 square kilometres (112.04 sq mi). IGWLS is adjacent to Parambikulam Wildlife Sanctuary to the west. The core area of Manjampatti Valley is a 110 km2 (42 sq mi)± drainage basin at the eastern end of the park. Manjampatti Valley is contiguous with Chinnar Wildlife Sanctuary to the south and the proposed Palani Hills Wildlife Sanctuary and National Park to the east. Elevation ranges between 340 metres (1,120 ft) and 2,513 metres (8,245 ft) above MSL There are several named peaks over 2,000 metres (6,600 ft) in the park, including: Akka Malai 2,483 metres (8,146 ft) 10°20′43″N 77°4′10″E / 10.34528°N 77.06944°E / 10.34528; 77.06944 Tangachi Malai 2,380 metres (7,810 ft) 10°20′46″N 77°3′38″E / 10.34611°N 77.06056°E / 10.34611; 77.06056 Thanakku Malai 2,170 metres (7,120 ft) 10°22′22″N 77°4′44″E / 10.37278°N 77.07889°E / 10.37278; 77.07889 Sadayandi Malai 2,240 metres (7,350 ft) 10°19′28″N 77°6′7″E / 10.32444°N 77.10194°E / 10.32444; 77.10194 Kazhuthasuthi Malai 2,250 metres (7,380 ft) 10°19′38″N 77°5′21″E / 10.32722°N 77.08917°E / 10.32722; 77.08917 Kallar Malai 2,270 metres (7,450 ft) 10°18′48″N 77°4′40″E / 10.31333°N 77.07778°E / 10.31333; 77.07778 Jambu Malai 1,395 metres (4,577 ft) 10°15′51″N 77°15′48″E / 10.26417°N 77.26333°E / 10.26417; 77.26333 Pappalamman Malai 2,201 metres (7,221 ft) 10°17′29″N 77°21′04″E / 10.29139°N 77.35111°E / 10.29139; 77.35111 Vellari Malai 2,219 metres (7,280 ft) 10°15′46″N 77°20′56″E / 10.26278°N 77.34889°E / 10.26278; 77.34889 Podu Malai 2,230 metres (7,320 ft) 10°18′44″N 77°5′16″E / 10.31222°N 77.08778°E / 10.31222; 77.08778 Unknown at Kilanavayal 2,350 metres (7,710 ft) 10°14′55″N 77°21′22″E / 10.24861°N 77.35611°E / 10.24861; 77.35611 Paratumba 2,370 metres (7,780 ft) 10°13′39″N 77°17′24″E / 10.22750°N 77.29000°E / 10.22750; 77.29000 Kalabhaathur Malai 2,066 metres (6,778 ft) 10°14′09″N 77°16′13″E / 10.23583°N 77.27028°E / 10.23583; 77.27028 Kadavaari 2,112 metres (6,929 ft) 10°13′40″N 77°17′24″E / 10.22778°N 77.29000°E / 10.22778; 77.29000 Mean annual rainfall is between 500 millimetres (20 in) in the south western fringes and 4,500 millimetres (180 in) on the north east. This Sanctuary is an important watershed for the agricultural economy and power supply in other parts of Tamil Nadu. Major reservoirs like Parambikulam Reservoir, Aliyar Reservoir, Thirumurthi Reservoir, Upper Aliyar Reservoir, Kadambarai, Sholayar Dam and Amaravathi Dam are fed by the perennial rivers which originate from the Sanctuary.[1] Tribal Communities[edit] The IGWS has significant anthropological diversity with more than 4600 Adivasi people from six tribes of indigenous people living in 34 settlements. The tribes are the Kadars, Malasars, Malaimalasar s, Pulaiyars, Muduvars and the Eravallan (Eravalar).[10][11] Fauna[edit] Threatened species of mammals in the sanctuary include: the endangered Bengal tiger, Indian elephant, Indian leopard 'asiatic wild dog), Nilgiri tahr and lion-tailed macaque, the vulnerable brown mongoose, gaur, Malabar spiny dormouse, Nilgiri langur, rusty-spotted cat, sambar deer, sloth bear and smooth-coated otter, the near threatened Indian giant squirrel, Indian leopard and Indian pangolin. Animals of least concern here include: golden jackal, leopard cat, jungle cat, spotted deer, barking deer, mouse deer, wild boar, common langur, bonnet macaque, Asian palm civet, small Indian civet, Indian gray mongoose, striped-necked mongoose, ruddy mongoose, grey slender loris, Indian giant squirrel, Indian crested porcupine, Indian pangolin, Indian porcupine and three-striped palm squirrel. Over 250 species of birds have been identified in the park. Some of the most important groups are cormorants, ducks, teal, darter, partridge, quail, jungle fowl, spurfowl, Indian peafowl, parakeets, hornbills, barbets, drongos, orioles, shrikes, warblers, Old World flycatchers, woodpeckers, leafbird, trogons, kingfishers, storks, egrets, Lesser fish eagles, hawk eagles, harriers, falcons, kites, owls and nightjars. It is also home to the near-threatened great Indian hornbill. It is home to 15 of 16 species of birds endemic to the Western Ghats. Reptiles include toads, spotted leaping frog and Leith's leaping frog, black torrent frogs, anaimalai flying frog, tree frogs, pythons, cobras, kraits, vipers, grass snakes, forest cane turtles, Travancore tortoises, flapshell turtless, star tortoises, flying lizards, chameleons and forest lizards. 315 species of butterflies belonging to five families have been identified in the Anaimalai Hills. 44 are endemic to the Western Ghats.[12] Anaimalai Tiger Reserve[edit] IGWS&NP, Grass Hills area, Konalar Hut 10°19′22″N 77°04′17″E / 10.32278°N 77.07139°E / 10.32278; 77.07139 The Steering Committee of Project Tiger granted approval in principle to inclusion of Indira Gandhi WLS and NP under Project Tiger in 2005.[13] IGWS was declared a Project Tiger sanctuary in 2008.[14] Continuance of Project Tiger' in Anamalai Tiger Reserve for FY 2010/11, at the cost of Rs. 23547,000, was approved by the National Tiger Conservation Authority on 31 August 2010.[15] This tiger reserve, together with the several other contiguous protected forest and grassland habitats, is the core of the Parambikulum-Indira Gandhi tiger habitat landscape complex, with tiger occupancy area of about 3,253 km2 (1,256 sq mi) and an estimated metapopulation of 34 (32 to 36) tigers.[7] Kozhikamudhi Elephant Camp[edit] Tourists with Kumki elephant from Kozhikamudhi Elephant Camp after Elephant Pongal at Top Slip Elephants were earlier trained and used at Anamalai for timber operations till felling of trees was stopped in 1972. The elephant camp has become a popular public attraction since 1976. There are 20 kumki elephants at the Kozhikamudhi Elephant Camp in the IGWSNP. There are 13 tuskers (including three calves) and seven cow elephants. The names and ages of twelve of the working elephants are: Vijayalakshmi (58), Sarada (56), Nanjan (50), Kaleem (45), Paari (31), Kalpana (30), Venkatesh (28), Karthik (27), Bharani (25), Durga (13), Rajvardhan (11) and Suyambu (4).[16] In 1997, annual celebration of Elephant Pongal at Top Slip was begun. For Pongal, several decorated elephants stand in front of the Pongal pot to mark the commencement of the celebration. The elephants are fed chakkarai pongal, banana and sugarcane while lined up behind a barricade, so tourists can have a close look. In 2011, Elephant Pongal was celebrated on 18 January.[16] On 24 February 2011 the Kumki Karthik was gored to death by two wild male elephants after it unchained itself in the camp and escaped into the forest. The elephant was in musth and was in search of a female companion. It was gored by the two elephants possibly because Karthik entered their habitation leading to a territorial conflict.[17] Flora[edit] Shola/grassland complex at Grass Hills, Indira Gandhi National Park The park is home to a wide variety of flora and fauna typical of the South Western Ghats. There are over 2000 species plants of which about 400 species are of prime medicinal value. The diverse topography and rainfall gradient allow a wide variety of vegetation comprising a mix of natural and man-made habitats. The former includes wet evergreen forest and semi-evergreen forest, montane shola-grassland, moist deciduous, dry deciduous, thorn forests and marshes. Tropical wet evergreen forest is found at an altitude of 600m to 1,600m. Tropical montane forests occur at higher elevations and are interspersed with montane grasslands, forming the shola-grassland complex. Much of the original evergreen forest now contains introduced teak plantations. Bamboo stands and reeds occur in the natural forests. Tree cover is provided by Hopea parviflora, Mesua ferrea, Calophyllum tomentosum, Vateria indica, Cullenia excelsa and Mangifera indica, Machilus macrantha, Alstonia scholaris, Evodia meliaefolia, Ailanthus and Malabaricum and Eucalyptus grandis. The area is home to Podocarpus wallichianus, a rare South Indian species of conifer.[1] Visitor information[edit] A lodge at Top Slip The IGWLS is managed by the Wildlife Warden and falls within the administrative control of the Coimbatore Forest Circle headed by the Conservator of Forests, Coimbatore. The park has a large tourist complex at Top Slip that houses many cottages, rooms, and dormitories for visitors. Visitors can get around the park by trekking and a safari van.[1][5] ^ a b c d e "Indira Gandhi Wildlife Sanctuary & National Park". Tamil Nadu Forest Department. Archived from the original on 2 November 2007. Retrieved 6 September 2007. ^ Sen, Sumit K. "Top Slip Indira Gandhi National Park". Birds of India. Kolkata: Sumit K Sen. Archived from the original on 31 January 2010. Retrieved 4 December 2009. ^ Tamil Nadu Government Gazette, Part II—Section 2, No. II(2)/EF/333/2007, dated 27 June 2007, page 240. ^ "Aanaimalai Tiger Reserve". National Tiger Conservation Authority. 29 June 2017. Retrieved 2 July 2017. [dead link] ^ a b National Geographic Channel, OFF THE BEATEN TRACK, Indira Gandhi National Park [1] ^ Government of India, "Bombay Dock", Early History (Indian Navy), National Informatics Center, archived from the original on 10 March 2010, retrieved 14 March 2012 ^ a b Y.V.Jhala, Q.Qureshi, R.Gopal, and P.R.Sinha (Eds.) (2011). "Status of the Tigers, Co-predators, and Prey in India" (PDF). 2011: National Tiger Conservation Authority, Govt. of India, New Delhi, and Wildlife Institute of India, Dehradun. Archived from the original (PDF) on 20 January 2012. Retrieved 13 March 2012. CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link) ^ UNESCO, World Heritage sites, Tentative lists, Western Ghats sub cluster, Anamalai, 2007. [2] ^ Sajeev T.K.; et al., "Management of Forests in India for Biological Diversity and Forest Productivity- A New Perspective" (PDF), Volume III Anaimalai Conservation Area (ACA), WII-USDA Forest Service Collaborative Project Grant No. FG-In-780 (In-FS-120), pp. 169–190., archived from the original (PDF) on 15 December 2005 ^ "Tribes of the Anamalais", Discover Wild – Care for the Anamalais, retrieved 14 May 2007 ^ Discover Wild – Care for the Anamalais, retrieved 14 May 2007 the INDIRA GANDHI WILDLIFE SANCTUARY & NATIONAL PARK Archived 28 September 2007 at the Wayback Machine ^ Proteded Area Update (Oct. 2005) "New Tiger Reserves" (No. 57) p.17 [3] Archived 17 October 2006 at the Wayback Machine ^ "Eight New Tiger Reserves". Press Release. Ministry of Environment and Forests, Press Information Bureau, Govt. of India. 13 November 2008. Retrieved 31 October 2009. ^ Dr. Rajesh Gopal, APCCF (PT) and Member Secretary (NTCA) (31 August 2010), "Centrally Sponsored Plan Scheme 'Project Tiger' Administrative Approval for funds release to Anamalai Tiger Reserve, Tamil Nadu during 2010–11." (PDF), No. 4-1(32)/2010-PT, New Delhi: National Tiger Conservation Authority, archived from the original (PDF) on 6 January 2011, retrieved 2 February 2011 ^ a b V.S. Palaniappan (19 January 2011), "Jumbos in all majesty at Top Slip", The Hindu, Chennai: Kasturi & Sons Ltd, retrieved 10 February 2011 ^ "Kumki elephant gored to death", The Hindu, Chennai: Kasturi & Sons Ltd, 25 January 2011, archived from the original on 26 February 2011, retrieved 25 February 2011 Wikimedia Commons has media related to Anamalai Tiger Reserve. https://www.atrpollachi.com/ National parks of India Protected areas of India Ministry of Environment and Forests (India) Andaman & Nicobar Islands Campbell Bay Galathea Middle Button Island Mt. Harriet Island North Button Island Rani Jhansi Saddle Peak South Button Island Sri Venkateswara Mouling Namdapha Dibru-Saikhowa Kaziranga Nameri Indravati Kanger Ghati Mollem Vansda Kalesar Great Himalayan Pin Valley Khirganga Dachigam Hemis Betla Anshi Bannerghatta Nagarhole Anamudi Shola Eravikulam Mathikettan Shola Pampadam Shola Silent Valley Bandhavgarh Kanha Pench Satpura Van Vihar Chandoli Gilbert Hill Gugamal Karnala Navegaon Sanjay Gandhi Tadoba Keibul Lamjao Balphakram Nokrek Murlen Phawngpui Intangki Bhitarkanika Simlipal Darrah Keoladeo Ranthambhore Sariska Khangchendzonga Guindy Gulf of Mannar Anamalai Mudumalai Mukurthi Palani Hills Kasu Brahmananda Reddy Mahavir Harina Vanasthali Mrugavani Clouded Leopard Dudhwa Nanda Devi Rajaji Valley of Flowers Gorumara Neora Valley Singalila Jaldapara Protected areas of Tamil Nadu Agasthyamala Biosphere Reserve Gulf of Mannar Biosphere Reserve Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve Grass Hills National Park Guindy National Park Gulf of Mannar Marine National Park Indira Gandhi Wildlife Sanctuary and National Park Karian Shola National Park Mudumalai National Park Mukurthi National Park Palani Hills Wildlife Sanctuary and National Park Cauvery North Wildlife Sanctuary Grizzled Squirrel Wildlife Sanctuary Kanyakumari Wildlife Sanctuary Point Calimere Wildlife and Bird Sanctuary Vallanadu Wildlife Sanctuary Chitrangudi Kanjirankulam Karaivetti Karikili Koothankulam Melaselvanur - Kilaselvanur Pulicat Lake Udayamarthandapuram Vaduvur Vedanthangal Vellode Vettangudi Tiger reserves Anaimalai Tiger Reserve Kalakkad Mundanthurai Tiger Reserve Mudumalai Tiger Reserve Sathyamangalam Tiger Reserve Tiruvidaimarudur Conservation Reserve Coimbatore district District Headquarters Kongu Nadu Taluks Coimbatore-North Coimbatore-South Kinathukadavu Perur Municipal Corporations Noyyal Aliyar Palar Chera Dynasty Kalabhras Western Ganga Dynasty Medieval Cholas Later Cholas Pandyas Hoysalas Madurai Sultanate Vijayanagar Empire Mysore Kingdom Aliyar Reservoir Amaravathi Dam Black Thunder theme park Eachanari Vinayagar Temple G. D. Naidu Industrial Exhibition Kovai Kondattam Masani Amman Temple Monkey Falls Patteeswarar Temple, Perur Sengupathi Falls Siruvani Waterfalls Subrahmanya Swamy Temple, Marudamalai Isha Yoga Center Thirumurthyswami temple Vaideki Falls Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham Avinashilingam University Karunya University Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Karpagam University Tiger reserves of India National Tiger Conservation Authority Project Tiger Kaziranga Tiger Reserve Manas Tiger Reserve Nameri Tiger Reserve Orang Tiger Reserve Kamlang Wildlife Sanctuary Pakhui Tiger Reserve Nagarjunsagar-Srisailam Tiger Reserve Achanakmar Tiger Reserve Indravati Tiger Reserves Udanti & Sitanadi Tiger Reserve Palamau Tiger Reserve Kali Tiger Reserve Nagarhole Tiger Reserve Bhadra Tiger Reserve Anshi Dandeli Tiger Reserve Biligiri Rangaswamy Temple Wildlife Sanctuary Bandhavgarh Tiger Reserve Bori-Satpura Tiger Reserve Kanha Tiger Reserve Panna Tiger Reserve Sanjay-Dubri Tiger Reserve Shahayadri Tiger reserve Nagzira-Navegaon Tiger Reserve Bor Tiger Reserve Satkosia Tiger Reserve Simlipal Tiger Reserve Mukandra Hills Tiger Reserve Kawal Tiger Reserve Dudhwa Tiger Reserve Pilibhit Tiger Reserve Corbett Tiger Reserve Rajaji Tiger reserve Sunderbans Tiger Reserve Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Anamalai_Tiger_Reserve&oldid=904710928" IUCN Category IV National parks in Tamil Nadu Wildlife sanctuaries in Tamil Nadu Protected areas established in 1976 1976 establishments in India Geography of Coimbatore Monuments and memorials to Indira Gandhi South Western Ghats moist deciduous forests Wildlife sanctuaries of the Western Ghats South Western Ghats montane rain forests Articles with dead external links from August 2017 EngvarB from May 2014 Use dmy dates from May 2014	cc/2019-30/en_head_0043.json.gz/line2272
__label__wiki	0.587618	0.587618	NTFS-3G 2015.3.14 By Tuxera - 100 Safe - Commercial Trial NTFS-3G is a driver utility that runs on all Mac computers and is available for free. It is an NTFS read/write driver that can be used for FreeBSD, Mac OS X, Linux, Haiku, Solaris, NetBSD and a host of other operating systems. Users who want a dependable source of inter-operated NTFS find this a great utility that helps them in developing, testing and supporting hardware platform solutions. NTFS-3G provides a platform to many electronic devices as well as computers to engage in safer data exchange. As a result, this driver is found in millions of devices and more than 30 books on advanced computing reference this driver as well. The NTFS-3G is based on the FUSE file system. This helps in gaining access to all devices and partitions that are using the NTFS formats. This cross platform open source NTFS file system was developed to provide read-write support to the Microsoft Windows NTFS file systems. Because of its FUSE interface, this driver can be used on a multitude of operating systems, without any modifications. It is currently available under the GNU General Public License. The driver utility is currently under active maintenance and was developed as a fork to the NTFSPROGS, a proprietary version of which is already available. The driver was introduced in July, 2006 and was developed by Szabolcs Szakacsits, a senior Linux developer. After the driver gained much momentum, its first stable version was launched in 2007 known as NTFS-3G Version 1.0. The code is currently being developed by Tuxera Inc., a company that was formed exclusively to develop this code. The driver is available as a community edition for Mac computers for free. It is one of the few drivers that also provide write access in a safer way. The installation package automatically configures this driver for you (and also the FUSE compliant package) which makes this driver quite a breeze to use. However, it still has no support for compression, native control lists for NTFS access and even the file encryption support for native files at the file system level. A great community, good support and active development make this one one of the great mac tools out there. Title: NTFS-3G 2015.3.14 Author: Tuxera www.tuxera.com - Fixed inserting a new ACL after wiping out by chkdsk - Fixed Windows-type inheritance - Fixed ignoring the umask mount option when permissions are used - Fixed checking permissions when Posix ACLs are compiled in but not enabled - Disabled option remove_hiberfile on read-only mounts - Implemented an extended attribute to get/set EAs - Avoid full runlist updating in more situations - Update ctime after setting an ACL - Use MFT record 15 for the first extent to MFT:DATA - Ignore the sloppy mount option (-s) - Implemented FITRIM (fstrim) ioctl - Reengineered the compression algorithm	cc/2019-30/en_head_0043.json.gz/line2273
__label__wiki	0.933417	0.933417	Media Release by The Hon Tanya Pibersek MP Next generation of female sport leaders announced Joint Media Release with: The Hon Kate Ellis, Minister for Sport Minister for Sport Kate Ellis and Minister for the Status of Women Tanya Plibersek today announced the recipients of the 2010-11 Sport Leadership Grants and Scholarships for Women (SLGSfW) program. The grants and scholarships, jointly funded by the Australian Sports Commission and the office for Women, were awarded to 117 individuals and organisations across Australia in the areas of coaching, officiating, governance, management, administration and communications/media. The program had helped more than 16,500 women over the past eight years. “Australian sport needs more women involved in senior positions and leadership roles,” Ms Ellis said. “This program aims to boost the number of women in leadership roles and will help increase their representation on national sporting organisation boards from current levels of just 25 per cent.” Through the SLGSfW, women in upper sports management are eligible for scholarships of up to $10,000 a year for three years, individuals are eligible for one-off grants of up to $5,000 and organisations are eligible for grants of up to $10,000. “The Government strongly supports women who are interested in a future in sport, whether they’re focused on becoming elite coaches, administrators or managers of sporting organisations,” Ms Plibersek said. “The grants provide a tangible way for women to obtain the skills and attributes required to succeed in sport leadership roles.” Ms Ellis met with and congratulated the ten South Australian recipients at Equus Pony Club in Adelaide today. Ms Ellis was joined by Australian Matilda’s captain and Asian Cup champion, Melissa Barbieri, a previous grant recipient. Ms Barbieri’s grant is supporting her to complete an Asian Football Confederation A Licence coaching accreditation, designed to educate coaches in the technical requirements of team football and team management. “This course will help me to take the next step in my career, developing the skills I need to coach women’s football at the highest level,” Ms Barbieri said. The Australian Government has a strong commitment to women’s sport. Earlier this year Ms Ellis released the Australian Government new way forward for Australian sport “Australian Sport: the Pathway to Success”, which included and injection of $195 million into Australian sport. This policy outlines additional strategies for bolstering the involvement of women in sport at all levels including establishing a ‘women in sport register’, new Women in Sport Awards and additional resources to improve the media coverage of women’s sport. “Women have a vital role to play in the development of sport in Australia and we need to recognise and encourage that involvement,” said Minister Ellis. for more grant information, including terms and conditions, visit: http://www.ausport.gov.au/participating/women or call 1800 224 412.	cc/2019-30/en_head_0043.json.gz/line2277
__label__cc	0.629258	0.370742	Come to the Table Guidebook: Second Edition ¿Recomiendas este documento? ¿Por qué no compartes? Winter Wheat Report by ExstoManagement 352 views BOPS Organic Wheat Yields and Rye S... by RAFI-USA 343 views *RAFI 2014 Annual Report by RAFI-USA 2126 views National Organic Action Plan (NOAP) by RAFI-USA 6063 views Starting a Community Vegetable Garden by RAFI-USA 259 views 2009 NOAP Summit Discussion Paper: ... by RAFI-USA 1079 views RAFI-USA Publicado el 16 de abr. de 2015 The second edition of the Come to the Table Guidebook is a 40-page publication released in 2015 by RAFI, the NC Council of Churches and Resourceful Communities. It includes snapshots of community groups that have pioneered innovative food access work, the current status of hunger and agriculture in North Carolina and nationally, along with new resources and stories from faith leaders and from the field. 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Art, Biography, Business, Chick Lit, Children's, Christian, Classics, Comics, Contemporary, Cookbooks, Crime, Ebooks, Fantasy, Fiction, Graphic Novels, Historical Fiction, History, Horror, Humor And Comedy, Manga, Memoir, Music, Mystery, Non Fiction, Paranormal, Philosophy, Poetry, Psychology, Religion, Romance, Science, Science Fiction, Self Help, Suspense, Spirituality, Sports, Thriller, Travel, Young Adult, Hace 2 meses Responder Maggie Fletcher lose 10 kg in 7 days without exercise - 7 days weight loss challenge ◆◆◆ https://tinyurl.com/y6qaaou7 How can I lose fat in 2 weeks? ◆◆◆ http://ishbv.com/bkfitness3/pdf 1. Second Edition 2015 RAFI NC Council of Churches Resourceful Communities The Duke Endowment Supported by How People of Faith Are Relieving Hunger and Sustaining Local Farms in North Carolina 2. 2015, Rural Advancement Foundation International-USA This work is licensed as Attribution- Noncommerical under Creative Commons licensing. You may reproduce any portion of this work as long as you include attribution and do not use it for commercial purposes. For more information, see www.creativecommons.org Produced and distributed by Come to the Table, a project of the Rural Advancement Foundation Interna- tional-USA and the North Carolina Council of Churches with support from the Duke Endowment. Come to the Table engages and mobilizes people of faith, farmers and communities to relieve hunger while strengthening just and sustainable agriculture in rural North Carolina. www.rafiusa.org/cttt This is the second edition of the Come to the Table Guidebook released in 2008, which was authored by Claire Hermann, Chris Liu-Beers and Laura Beach. The authors of this edition are deeply grateful to the many who made this publication possible: The Duke Endowment, for their generous support of the Come to the Table Project; the United Methodist Church, for connecting us to clergy and lay leaders across the state; the founders of Come to the Table and authors of the original guidebook, for laying the groundwork; our colleagues, for pitching in and going above and beyond; our contibutors, for their greathearted sharing of stories and wisdom; and most importantly the many diverse faith and community based projects that live a deep commitment to reliev- eing hunger while strengthening just and sustainable agriculture. While this guide approaches the theology of food and farming from a Christian perspective, the calling to feed our neighbors and steward the earth is central to many religions. We hope the content of this book is useful to people of all faiths. Managing Editor: Francesca Hyatt Editors: Hayes Simpson, Jennie Wilburn Layout and Design: Mel Umbarger Cover Art: “Head, Heart, Hands” by Antonio Livingston 3. About Us.....................................................2 Introduction.................................................3 By Francesca Hyatt Community Project Snapshots By Resourceful Communities • Overview, Contexts and Trends............4 • Conetoe Family Life Center..................6 • Share the Harvest..................................9 • High Country CSA..............................11 • Working Landscapes...........................13 • Barriers & Opportunities.....................15 Hunger and Agriculture by the Numbers.........................................17 By Annie Segal Seed, Scale, Sustain: Growing Goodness in North Carolina......................................19 By Kristen Richardson-Frick and Robb Webb Eating Well................................................21 By the NC Council of Churches Stories from the Field • A Beloved Garden...............................23 By Wesley Morris • Interview with Jose Godinez, Youth Leader.........................................25 By Emily Merletto Clergy Reflections: God Is Up To Something..........................27 By Grace G. Hackney Glossary....................................................29 Resources..................................................30 Table of Contents 4. RAFI http://rafiusa.org The Rural Advancement Foundation International-USA (RAFI) cultivates markets, policies and communities that sustain thriving, socially just, and environmentally sound family farms. In partnership with the NC Council of Churches, RAFI directs the Come to the Table project and hosts regional convenings every other year. RAFI is a 501(c) (3) nonprofit organization based in Pittsboro, North Carolina and incorporated in 1990. Resourceful Communities www.resourcefulcommunities.org Resourceful Communities is part of The Conservation Fund, a national nonprofit that has protected more than 7.5 million acres across the US. www.conservationfund.org. Resourceful Communities supports a network of faith-based groups, community organizations, small towns and resource partners. The triple bottom line – environmental stewardship, social justice and economic development – is the foundation of our work. The North Carolina Council of Churches www.ncchurches.org The North Carolina Council of Churches is a statewide ecumenical organi- zation promoting Christian unity and working towards a more just society. Founded in 1935, the North Carolina Council of Churches enables denomi- nations, congregations, and people of faith to individually and collectively impact our state on issues such as economic justice and development, human well-being, equality, compassion and peace, following the example and mission of Jesus Christ. Our members include 25 judicatories of 17 denominations and eight individual congregations. The Duke Endowment http://dukeendowment.org/ Based in Charlotte and established in 1924 by industrialist and philanthro- pist James B. Duke, The Duke Endowment is a private foundation that strengthens communities in North Carolina and South Carolina by nur- turing children, promoting health, educating minds and enriching spirits. Since its founding, it has distributed more than $3 billion in grants. The Endowment shares a name with Duke University and Duke Energy, but all are separate organizations. About Us 2 5. When Come to the Table was conceived in 2007, it was grounded in this ambitious belief of Claire and the members of the Rural Life Committee. The com- mittee, led by RAFI-USA, the North Carolina Council of Churches and The Duke Endowment, proceeded to invite an unlikely group of guests to an unusual series of conversations. In an era where specialization is prized and polariza- tion is the frightening norm, it seems like it would take a miracle to gather contrasting interests around the same table for a common cause. And yet, members of the Come to the Table network include conservatives and liberals, rural residents and urbanites, farmers, farm- workers, hunger relief advocates, elected officials, and community members from diverse backgrounds. Since our first gatherings in Asheville, Cedar Grove and Goldsboro in 2007, we have continued to convene regionally every other year, and each time we have grown. At our 2013 gatherings over 600 people came together, nearly double the attendance the previous year. Together we set not one table, but many, and have been humbled over and over again by the abundance of people, fellowship and good work that has emerged over the last eight years. In response to the growth of the Come to the Table community, the persistent problem of hunger in North Carolina, and our commitment to finding holistic solu- tions to food access, we have expanded the scope of our work. Some of the partners who came together around this table have taken on supporting farmers’ markets in diversifying their customer base and reaching out to serve SNAP recipients. We have also commenced a par- ticipatory research project to understand the barriers and opportunities for farmers selling to low-income consum- ers. Some of the initial research results are included in these pages. Our first guidebook contained ideas and inspiration for people of faith interested in starting or expanding a food ministry, supporting local farms, starting a summer feeding program, founding a community garden and more. In this second edition of the guidebook, we reflect on how faith and community groups are living out their calling. In partnership with the Resourceful Communi- ties Program, we bring you snapshots of community groups that have pioneered innovative food access work. We also detail the current status of hunger and agriculture in North Carolina and nationally, and offer new resources and stories from faith leaders and from the field. We hope this guidebook will help you take your own next step to reflect, plan and act to relieve hunger while strengthening just and sustainable agriculture. — Francesca Hyatt Beyond Hunger Relief Director at RAFI Introduction 3 Come to theTable Guidebook 2nd Edition “Itisbothpossibleandmorallynecessarytofindways forfarmersandotherstomakeafairlivingwhile providingaccessible,healthyfoodtotheircommunities.” — Claire Hermann, Come to theTable co-founder 6. 4 Project Summary With generous support from The Duke Endowment, RAFI has embarked on a three year participatory research project to understand the barriers and op- portunities for farmers selling to low-income consumers. In particular, RAFI is exploring entrepreneurial solutions to increasing food access. The results of this project will help shape programming to strengthen community efforts aimed at addressing hunger. Community-based organizations frequently play a pivotal role in increasing access to fresh, healthy foods in vulnerable rural communities. In order to delve more deeply into this role, RAFI collaborated with The Conservation Fund’s Resourceful Communities program. We explored trends in rural communities that affect access to local produce; developed materials highlighting a range of innovative projects based on participa- tory research; and outlined resources and plan- ning tools to support program improvements or new projects. Resourceful Communities interviewed rep- resentatives of eight community organizations and performed site visits to observe their opera- tions. Snapshots of four of these organizations are included in this guide: a community farm, a food donation program, a cost share community supported agriculture program, and a farm to school initiative. Context andTrends Despite an abundance of rich agricultural land in rural areas, many communities in North Carolina experience high food insecurity rates. According to the US Department of Agriculture, a household is considered “food insecure” if it was, at times in the previous year, unable to acquire adequate food for one or more household members because of insufficient money and other re- sources for food. North Carolina consistently ranks among the top 10 for highest hunger rates in the nation. While North Carolina’s urban centers are home to larger, and denser, popu- lations, the state’s rural residents are disproportionately living in poverty; are unemployed and often uninsured; and are food insecure. People of color experi- Beyond Hunger Relief: Community Project Snapshots By Resourceful Communities 7. ence even higher rates of poverty and hunger, especially within these rural areas. At the same time, the number of small farms and land in production across North Carolina is rapidly decreasing. Moreover, farmers are an aging popula- tion: The average age of farmers in North Carolina is 60. Many farmers and small-scale producers report sincere interest in selling locally and supporting low-income consumers. However, challenges such as limited time, staffing, and resources, make it difficult to market, distribute, and sell food locally while also meeting their own bottom line. Rural areas face many unique challenges. A wide geographic spread means that accessing markets requires transportation and extra time. Both can be challenges, especially in rural areas that frequently lack public transportation, a common need for low-income consumers. Historic barriers such as racism, segregation, discrimination and classism must also be acknowledged: Patterns of exclusion and marginalization can inhibit market participation for low-income community members and people of color. In response to these challenges, many community groups have launched innovative efforts to address community hunger and health. Projects include al- leviation of food insecurity, access to local healthy food, and related programs to improve health and economic outcomes. For a number of reasons, community organizations are also providing traditional social services in addition to existing programming. This means already limited resources – staff, volunteers, funding and supplies – are stretched even more. While traditional hunger relief programs address an immediate crisis, they rarely resolve root causes of food insecurity (such as unemployment or lack of transportation) or support small farm production. Community organizations and small farmers are developing innovative and entrepreneurial models that go beyond the immediate-relief food donations – in short, looking beyond hunger relief. The following community project snapshots highlight some of these efforts. With the featured groups’ approval, we’re pleased to share overviews of their projects, keys to success, and lessons learned. We hope this information pro- vides strategies to support or connect to this work – or inspiration to adapt these approaches for your own community. 5 Theaveragepovertyrateforallurbanresidentsis16%,comparedtotheaver- agepovertyrateof19%inallruralcounties,risingto23%inTierOnecounties. Withintheseareas,peopleofcolorexperiencethehighestratesofpoverty. Source: NC Rural Center Data Bank, http://www.ncruralcenter.org/ NorthCarolina’srateoffarmlossexceedsthenationalaverage,andthelargest farmlossishappeningamongfarmsunder50acres.However,smallfarmsstill represent48%ofallfarmsinthestate. Source: 2012 Census of Agriculture Food Insecurity The USDA defines food insecurity as a condition of limited or uncertain access to adequate food, distinct from hunger. Households that were unable to obtain sufficient food, at least at some point in the year, are considered food insecure. Food insecure households are further classified as having either low or very low food security: • low food security indicates impaired diet quality, but little change in food intake • very low food security indicates reduced food intake and disrupted eating patterns Food security, on the other hand, means having access at all times to enough food for an active, healthy life. 2001-03 2008-10 2011-13 average average average U.S. 11.0% 14.6% 14.6% N.C. 13.7% 15.7% 17.3% U.S. 3.4% 5.6% 5.7% N.C. 4.5% 5.2% 6.3% food insecurity very low food security USDA Economic Research Service. Coleman-Jensen et al. HouseholdFoodSecurityintheUnitedStatesin 2013.September 2014. 8. Snapshot Conetoe Family Life Center (CFLC) Overview Conetoe Family Life Center (CFLC) operates a 25-acre community garden and a community center that offers mentorship, resources, and afterschool programs to the town of Conetoe, population 292. Conetoe is located in Edgecombe County, which has the highest rate of diabetes in North Carolina’s 100 counties, and ranks 96 in overall health outcomes. CFLC opened in 2007 after Reverend Richard Joyner noticed that the health issues within the church and town were rampant: He presided over 30 funerals for congregants under the age of 32 in one year. A health assessment of the congregants showed that 65% of congregants were obese, and the same per- centage unemployed. Most were uninsured and lived in poverty. CFLC’s programming takes a comprehensive approach to these challenges. The center provides after-school and summer camp programs for youth aged 5 to 18 at community gardens where they plan, plant and harvest produce. The produce is distributed among community members, and sold at farmers’ markets, roadside stands and to restaurants. Youth CommunityFarm, AgricultureEnterprise TrainingandMobile Market Conetoe, Edgecombe County, N.C. http://conetoefamily.webs.com 501(c)3 Critical Budget Items Garden and Health Outreach Work 40% 30% 20% Youth Programming Staffing 6 9. also manage beehives to pollinate the crops, and pro- duce and distribute honey, learning entrepreneurial skills along the way. The revenue they generate sup- ports school supplies and scholarships. Key Elements of Success • Strong community buy-in: CFLC was run entirely by volunteers for the first few years. Even with two part-time staff members, the majority of garden work, after school programming, and produce distribution is completed by volunteers. CFLC has ~15 volunteers that are there every single day, many working at least 40 hours/week. In the summer, their total volunteer hours nearly double. • Youth leadership: CFLC truly embraces a youth- empowered model, where youth are involved from the beginning in decision-making for programming and take active leadership roles in a variety of ways. • Strong partnerships: CFLC has built strong partnerships with local agencies and entities, including public, private, and nonprofit organizations, universities and hospital systems. • Mobile Market: Through the sale of their veg- etables, CFLC was able to purchase a unit for a mobile market, allowing them to set up and sell in different areas. This helps to address the barrier of limited trans- portation. They set up at a public housing community, outside of a local hardware store, and in the parking lot of the center. • CFLC recently became SNAP authorized and will accept EBT payments through its mobile market and other points of sale starting in 2015. Lessons Learned • Programming should be comprehensive and incorpo- rate holistic healing – spiritual, physical, and economic – for the community. • If you are interested in breaking cycles of poverty and disenfranchisement within your community, you have to take new approaches and try new methods. One strong example happened when one of the youth stole money from the church. The leaders and church elders’ first reaction was to press charges, but youth leaders intervened and pointed out that this approach to discipline would only lead to one more young Black man with a record; it wouldn’t have addressed the bigger issues at play in that situation – poverty, gang activity, etc. Instead, youth suggested that the young man perform community service in the garden. Now, he is one of the leaders, graduated high school, attends community college, attends services weekly, and wants to be an entrepreneur. Reverend Joyner points to this situation as one example of how new thinking and new approaches can lead to more innovative answers and help to shift trends. • “One key lesson learned was how to engage the lo- cal community to invest in addressing their own health issues. CFLC brought in experts from outside of the community to do train-the-trainer workshops – so that we then had experts in our own community who could resonate with the individuals here. This way, through 7 Potential for Connection with Faith Communities CFLC is a strong example of an initiative sup- ported by a faith community. Outside of their own community and congregation, CFLC partners with 21 other local churches to advise their health pro- gramming and church gardens. CFLC also sells produce to a dozen churches for their church din- ners and events. They are working to expand these types of partnerships. CFLC youth in the garden 10. the house meetings, phone calls, and health fairs, we were able to hold people more accountable to their health issues, whereas doctors couldn’t have that level of per- sonal accountability. In this way, we were partnering with people within the medical community to make sure we had the right information and resources to address our own health needs.” • “We realized that it all starts with us: We’re not putting the responsibility of our health on our doctors, we’re putting that responsibility on the community that we live in – holding each other accountable, and helping ourselves to make those changes.” • At CFLC, youth are engaged in every level of the programming and take leader- ship at every level. Donna Latimer, CFLC Program Manager, says, “This is a holistic approach to leadership and entrepreneurship development. We have to raise up the youth in the program to be leaders. Even those who may have a ‘bad attitude’ at first. It’s being involved in leadership development that can give someone hope and change their attitude.” • “Communities can be so beat down by systems that when you begin to address the issues, you have to be very strategic in connecting the dots. When people have lived in and internalized oppression for so long, they think that their way of living is the norm – poverty, lack of resources, lack of information – it breeds the continua- tion of all of these things that keep people in these same conditions. We have to use holistic approaches that address the whole person – spirituality, physical well-being, everything – so that we can get to the core of the work – and that’s what we’ve done at CFLC.” Wehavetouseholisticapproachesthataddressthewholeperson— spirituality,physicalwell-being,everything—sothatwecangetto thecoreofthework—andthat’swhatwe’vedoneatCFLC. ” “ Reverend Richard Joyner 88 11. Snapshot Share the Harvest Overview Share the Harvest in Guilford County collects, aggregates and distributes fresh produce to agencies that have food pantries or prepare meals, ensuring that those in need have access to fresh produce. In 2009, people representing several church com- munity gardens in Greensboro began sharing their community garden experiences. As the amount of produce being harvested grew, garden leaders real- ized that fresh produce was being distributed to food pantries and individuals in a mostly ad hoc way. In the fall of 2011, garden leaders met with Karen Neill, an Urban Horticulture agent with Guilford County Cooperative Extension, to find a way to more in- tentionally, effectively and equitably distribute donated produce. With input from local food pantries, the group pro- ceeded with a plan to create a centralized location to aggregate, store and distrib- ute donated produce. Fresh produce is collected from a variety of places, including: community and individual gardens, local grocery stores, farmers’ markets donations and more. Coordinated collection sites are located throughout the county. Share the Harvest currently has seven collec- tion sites – designated places and set times when people/ groups can drop off fresh produce. Most produce is brought to Share the Harvest’s main distribution site in downtown Greensboro, where a large cooler is used to store food. Distribution is coordinated; agencies sign up for a time slot to pick up fresh produce (currently, either Monday mornings or Thursday afternoons). Distribution is limited to agencies that have food pantries or serve meals; indi- viduals are not eligible to receive donations. With a few exceptions, food pantries are required to pick up the produce; deliveries are made to food pantries on rare occasions. SignUpGenius (http://www.signup- genius.com/), a free online sign up system, is used to coordinate both distribution volunteers and pick-up by food pantries. FoodDonationProgram Greensboro, Guilford County, N.C. www.sharetheharvestguilfordcounty.org 501(c)3 nonprofit Budget: Less than $2,500 Critical Budget Items • Cold Storage • In-Kind Support (trans- portation, space, food donations, volunteer time 9 12. The program currently serves about eight food pan- tries and an additional eight organizations that prepare meals for the hungry. These programs serve a variety of people: refugee and immigrant communities, home- less populations, low-income individuals, and other individuals in need. Before Share the Harvest was established, those who wanted to donate fresh produce might not have known where to take it or might even have been turned away (if food pantries did not have the capacity to store fresh produce, for example). By providing food pantries with a set time to collect fresh produce, pantries can plan accordingly. Pantries can distribute the produce to their clients immediately and eliminate the need for expen- sive cold storage that would normally be required to distribute fresh produce. Key Elements of Success • Cold storage was critical for donations of perish- able goods. A make-shift cooler was constructed using CoolBot technology (http://storeitcold.com/), and a part- nership was established with the Interactive Resource Center, a local organization dedicated to assisting the homeless population of Guilford County, to house the cooler and serve as the distribution site. • The program needed a dedicated, core group of volunteers to coordinate the collection and distribution of produce. • Partnerships are key. Guilford County Cooperative Extension was instrumental in gathering church com- munity garden leaders; providing assistance in starting community gardens; and helping with garden challeng- es. Some churches serve as collection sites, and many provide volunteers and donations of produce. Lessons Learned • Having dedicated collections sites with set collec- tion times scattered throughout the county is a win- win: Programs that provide food to the needy can plan consistently, and donors know where and when to take perishable goods. • Maintaining one major distribution site with smaller satellite distribution centers that have cold storage ca- pacity is key to ensuring that fresh food donations aren’t wasted and reach more people in need. • Limiting eligible recipients to food pantries and those who prepare meals ensures food reaches intended recipients. These organizations are also more likely to know their clients and choose foods that are culturally appropriate or likely to be used by their clients. Potential for Connection with Faith Communities Church partners have been critical to the pro- gram and provide support in all aspects of Share the Harvest to ensure its success. Volunteer re- cruitment, produce donations and outreach to food pantries is done mostly through affiliated churches, their various networks and congregation members. Churches are the primary source of donated produce and dedicated volunteers. Churches also serve as collection sites and a few serve as satellite distribution sites. Theseprogramsserveavarietyofpeople:refugeeandimmigrant communities,homelesspopulations,low-incomeindividuals,and otherindividualsinneed.“10 13. Snapshot High Country Community Supported Agriculture Overview High Country Community Supported Agriculture (HCCSA) began as a project of the nonprofit Maver- ick Farms in 2005. In 2014 HCCSA transitioned to a project of WAMY Community Action, a nonprofit that has been active in Watauga, Avery, Mitchell, and Yancey Counties since 1964. WAMY works to promote individual and family self-sufficiency, end poverty at the root level, and enhance the quality of life for residents of service counties. HCCSA’s multi-farm, member-subscription model creates economic viability for local sustainable farm- ers. Their cost-share program provides reduced-cost shares to low-income community members, who can pay with SNAP benefits or cash. These low-income shares, subsidized by grant funding, make up 30% of the total CSA shares. HCCSA’s model aims to solve several problems: to make small-scale organic farming economically possible, and to solve the constellation of dietary, health and food access problems of poverty. They provide nutrition education to their members in the form of weekly recipes and demos throughout the season, giving residents of the community hands-on opportunities to build healthy eating habits while supporting environmentally responsible farming methods that provide income to local farms. Cost-ShareCommunity SupportedAgriculture(CSA) Boone,Watauga County, N.C. www.highcountrycsa.org Project ofWAMY Community Action, a 501(c)3 Critical Budget Items • Coordinator Salary • Discount for cost-share • Supplies for recipe demos 11 From2007to2012,166newcommunitysupported agriculture(CSA)programswerecreatedinNorthCarolina. Withatotalof579CSAsin2012,NorthCarolinahadthe thirdhighestnumberinthecountry,cominginafteronly CaliforniaandTexas,andbeforeNewYork.—USDANASS CensusofAgriculture CSA Structure HCCSA was the first rural CSA inWestern North Carolina to accept EBT. Their CSA structure follows: • Members sign up and prepay to receive weekly produce boxes, choos- ing either: • A large produce box featuring a variety of vegetables – $30/week • A small produce box – ½ size, 4-6 vegetables for $15/week (Most Cost-Share subscribers choose this option.) • A variety box– ½ size produce plus value added local goods for $30/ week • Members pick up their prepaid produce box weekly at a central loca- tion. • Cost share members typically pay 1/3 of the standard price • Members who pay with their SNAP benefits are able to pay on a weekly basis to accommodate SNAP regulations. Matt Cooper of Lively Up Farms inWatauga County 14. Key Elements of Success • HCCSA’s biggest strength is successfully introduc- ing the CSA model to NC’s High Country. The coor- dinator, Elliot Rhodes, states: “We were the first, and pretty geographically isolated. Starting a multi-farm CSA demonstrated the capacity of the community to support that model. Now, almost all of our partner- ing small farms have their own CSA because we were able to demonstrate the viability of that model.” Again, HCCSA’s model generates revenue for local farmers and provides consistent access for low-income consumers. • Strong support of community members and local or- ganizations who support the cost share program, many even approach HCCSA and offer hosting fundraisers • Strong partnership with WAMY, which provides “the flexibility to provide programming that’s accessible” • Partnership with local community clinic: Members have the option of taking their shares into the commu- nity clinic’s diabetes/nutrition education class to learn how to prepare healthy, nutritious meals. This started as an informal partnership, and last year, 10 cost-share members participated. Lessons Learned • “Changing people’s eating habits requires a holistic model. We need to think about ‘wraparound’ services and not just handing people a box of food without direc- tion.” • “[In a CSA] people think they’re buying produce, but what they’re really buying is relationships with their farmers.” • This type of project and model takes more time than expected – especially marketing, production planning, and organizing the pickup site logistics. • “This model of supporting low-income consumers from the beginning works best as a project driven by an organization whose goal is to meet community needs. A multi-farm CSA is a great model, but it would be more difficult to start from there and move towards a more inclusive model without the support of an organization like WAMY.” • HCCSA believes that a multi-farm model is most functional in areas where CSAs don’t already exist. • “Realistic business planning needs to happen before anything else gets off the ground. This seems obvious, but I think it’s really easy, especially for nonprofits who want to solve problems, to want to just jump in.” Potential for Connection with Faith Communities At the moment, HCCSA does not have formal partnerships with faith-based organizations, though they do see the potential. A possible connection with churches is to establish a cooperative buying model through a church or network, where mul- tiple people from the same congregation could buy shares, sponsor low-income shares, and/or host a CSA pickup site. [InaCSA]peoplethinkthey’rebuyingproduce,butwhatthey’rereally buyingisrelationshipswiththeirfarmers. “12 Interns boxing produce shares 15. Snapshot Working Landscapes: Chopped Produce Initiative Overview The Chopped Produce Initiative is managed by the Warren County nonprofit, Working Landscapes. Working Landscapes aims to create more sustain- able livelihoods for people in the region through stewardship of natural and cultural resources. Their Chopped Produce Initiative currently supports three local farmers and gets cafeteria-ready fresh collards and cabbage to four school districts (Bertie County, Hertford County, Northampton County, Warren County and Weldon City) and a childcare center in Durham. The initiative meets many goals: improv- ing local food access and community health; increas- ing revenue for local farmers; providing education on nutrition and farming to local residents; promoting a healthy local agriculture economy; and preserving regional culture. The Chopped Produce Initiative emerged out of Growing Local, Buying Local (GLBL, 2010-2011), a participatory research project which emphasized community input and a high degree of local engagement. Grounded in practi- cal goals informed by the community, the GLBL process identified a need to re-establish a connection between local farms, area produce markets and exist- ing infrastructure. The project is housed at the Warren County Produce Center, located at the site of a former flour mill & cotton gin on Warrenton’s Franklin Street. Gabe Cumming, food economy facilitator with Working Landscapes, says they established the Produce Center at this site as a means to “bring back to life” a facility that was once important to the local agricultural economy. Repurpos- Farm-to-SchoolProgram Warrenton,Warren County, N.C. www.workinglandscapesnc.org 501(c)3 nonprofit Critical Budget Items Staffing 68% 20% FoodCorps Stipend 2% GAP certification 2% Travel 3% Educational/ marketing materials 5% Supplies (for bags, boxes, food safety items, etc.) It’simportanttoinspireactionandchangeandcelebrateassetsthatwe dohavetoengenderacultureofpossibility. ”“ 13 16. ing historic agriculture infrastructure is a particular interest for Working Landscapes. Conservation efforts tend to focus on “green infrastructure” or land resourc- es, which is critical for growing food, but that food also has to be aggregated, prepared and distributed. Connect- ing local farm-to-fork infrastructure helps rebuild local economies and reinvigorates hope in the community. How it works: Fresh produce is harvested by local farmers and brought to the inspected processing facil- ity. There, the produce is chopped and bagged by local workers. The cabbage and collards are then distributed to participating school districts. Key Elements of Success • Farmer partnerships and capacity: Three partici- pating farmers are now GAP certified and can accom- modate increased output as the project grows. Working Landscapes would like to add farmers from each school district, but current farmer capacity is sufficient and has room for increased output. • Strong partnerships: Partnerships include local leaders, Warren County Schools’ Child Nutrition Pro- gram, Warren County Cooperative Extension Service and Warren County FoodCorps. Three key contacts, involved from the start, helped launch the initiative: Victor Hunt is a former ag teacher and local grower who identified a farm-to-school model in Florida to explore; Jeff Bender is a full-time farmer who understands production agriculture in Warren County; and Robert Parker, Warren County Schools Child Nutrition Direc- tor, was critical in informing school needs and investing as a lead customer. • Community engagement: The initiative resulted from a stakeholder process and community conversa- tions, ensuring that the effort was locally driven and informed. • FoodCorps and Working Landscapes staff have provided effective in-school programming to encourage children to eat the initiative’s chopped greens and have increased awareness of the local farm culture and good nutrition. Lessons Learned • “We had local school representatives involved all the way and that enabled the school to provide input into what kind of products they wanted as well as product specifications.” This informed the chop-and-bag pro- cess. • Community engagement is critical to project suc- cess. In communities that experience high levels of iso- lation, poverty and “brain drain,” hope can be in short supply. It’s important to “inspire action and change and celebrate assets that we do have to engender a culture of possibility.” • Strong local relationships, built throughout a com- munity engagement process before launching the initia- tive, informed the project and garnered a high level of community trust. • “Listening is key to how we operate.” • Projects and success look different in each place de- pending on interests, goals and resources. Right-sizing an effort is critical. • Local and regional food economies need new met- rics of success. They will never be as efficient as corpo- rate systems, but the advantages to local life, culture and environmental health are significant. • Issues facing the broad food system are so big; focusing on local is tangible and a place where you can progress, have results. • Repurposing historic infrastructure to support emerg- ing local food economies can breathe new life into small communities. Potential for Connection with Faith Communities Local churches are not currently involved in the project, though staff regularly present for local groups. For faith groups interested in an entrepre- neurial approach to healthy food access, supporting an organization such as this could be a great fit. 14 17. Barriers & Opportunities For each of the programs profiled in this set of com- munity project snapshots, a number of issues stood out as shared barriers. Since these challenges are consistent for multiple organizations with widely varying struc- tures and approaches, they represent opportunities for funders and resource providers to provide targeted sup- port to strengthen the current efforts of many organiza- tions at once. Barriers Staffing: Many initiatives have no paid staff or low numbers of paid staff, and paid staff members often work more than their committed hours. Staff positions are usually funded by grant support. This means staffing might be inconsistent or that knowledge and skillsets gained can leave with the temporary staff members, requiring repeated training and oversight. Some local farmers would participate in smaller markets if staffing were provided on their behalf. Small- scale farmers target markets that generate the highest re- turn and frequently can’t participate in multiple markets. Many of these smaller markets serve rural, low-income areas. Cultural Barriers: A long history of marginalization in the food system, especially along racial and socio- economic lines, impacts some individuals’ relationships with and ability to access local food. To include just one example, there can be stigma associated with using SNAP/ EBT cards (Supplemen- tal Nutrition Assistance Program / Electronic Benefits Transfer, formerly known as food stamps). Because of payment methods, us- ing EBT at many farmers markets or other local food venues can be more visible than using EBT at a larger grocery store. Infrastructure: Groups wishing to distribute fresh produce often have insufficient or no cold stor- age. Without cold storage, fresh produce degrades quickly. Many also lack staff to process fresh goods or lack access to a com- mercial kitchen. Transportation to markets, especially in rural areas, is also needed. Opportunities Funders: Funding is needed by many organizations for staff capacity, cold storage, refrigerated trucks and/or mobile delivery equipment for food as well as materials for SNAP ac- ceptance – tokens, double bucks programs, coordinator salaries and marketing materials. One area that is often overlooked is funding for staff training in areas identified as needed skills. Funding profes- sional development and skills training can go a long way in sup- porting a program’s sustainability. Resource & Technical Assis- tance Providers: Trends across surveyed groups reflect a major need for training on marketing and SNAPandFarmersMarkets:Inpursuitofsystemic solutionstofoodaccess,connectingSNAP(formerlyfood stamps)recipientswithlocal,freshfruitsandvegetables isemergingasasolutionwithrealpotentialforconsum- ersaswellasfarmers.However,therearechallengeswith staffcapacity,infrastructureandculturalbarrierstobead- dressedwhenequippingfarmersmarketstoacceptSNAP andotherfederalbenefitsaspayment. Connect2Direct,anewinitiativeofRAFIandAppala- chianSustainableAgricultureProject(ASAP)isaddressing theissueofSNAPatfarmersmarketsbyresearchingand pilotingprogramslikeDoubleBucksincentiveprograms thatincreasefarmdirectsalesandexpandlocalfood access.ThisworkhasbeengenerouslyfundedbytheKate BReynoldsCharitableTrustamongothers.Resourceful CommunitiesprovidestechnicalsupportonSNAP/EBTto specificmarkets.Connectwiththesegroupsandinitiatives throughourResourcessection.” 15 18. outreach, market management (for those with mobile markets or farmers markets), and information on season extension and crop planning for growers. Many groups would also benefit from strategies to sustain consistent staffing, especially “hybrid” business planning and staff retention strategies, as well as increased capacity for fi- nancial tracking and oversight. Facilitating connections to peer groups and resource groups also provides op- portunities for troubleshooting and idea sharing among those running similar projects. Faith Communities: There are many opportunities identified by the organizations we surveyed for faith communities to support initiatives that connect people with local food. Here are a few: • Donations - Channel direct donations to subsidize CSA shares for low-income families or double- bucks programs for SNAP incentives at farmers markets. • Volunteer - Partner with a local organization to provide a consistent base of volunteers. • Assets - Lend equipment for use, such as church vans to deliver food or provide space for cooking demonstrations, nutrition education classes and val- ue-added production. Congregations could use their property as a drop off and pickup point for local hunger relief organizations, or allow use of park- ing lots for markets / deliveries outside of religious service times. Many congregations donate produce from their community garden or partner with a lo- cal organization to engage the wider community. • Church Meals - Support local small farmers and community agriculture projects by buying produce from them for church events. Conclusion Understanding the barriers and opportunities that are shared by many different organizations allows funders, resource providers, and faith communities to see where their services are most needed – and how to target sup- port for greater impact. For faith communities consider- ing establishing or expanding a food ministry, learning about existing programs is a great way to get started. We hope these snapshots provided insight into some of the exciting initiatives in North Carolina and inspire the hearts and minds of all who are engaged in identifying their role in this important work. FarmerFoodshareDonationStationsatmanylocal farmersmarketsallowcustomerstodonatemoneyor marketproducewhichtheorganizationdeliverstolocal hungerrelieforganizations.FarmerFoodshareLOVES andreliesonvolunteers.Congregationscanvolunteer withanexistingDonationStationorpartnerwith FarmerFoodsharetogetonestarted.Connectwith FarmerFoodsharethroughourResourcessection. ElonCommunityChurchFarmer’sMarketisagreat exampleofachurchofferingtheirassetsofspacetolo- calfarmers.Checkthemoutinourresourcesection— theyarehappytotalkwithcongregationsinterestedin startingacongregationsupportedfarmersmarket. 16 19. Hunger and Agriculture by the numbers From 2007 to 2012, North Carolina lost 5.1% of its farms, at an average rate of more than 500 farms per year. Over the same period, the area of farmland in N.C. fell by 59,915 acres — a decline of less than 1%, but equivalent to more than half the area of the city of Ra- leigh. These losses mirror national trends: In the U.S. as a whole, almost 100,000 farms and over 7.5 million acres of farmland were lost between 2007 and 2012. In 2013, nearly 1 in 5 (19.5%) households with children experienced food insecurity. NorthCarolina’sfoodbanks serve 1,385,100uniqueclientsannually. 17 Sources: Farmers Market Coalition, USDA Food & Nutrition Service, NC Association of Feeding America Food Banks, USDA NASS Census of Agriculture, U.S. Census Bureau State & County QuickFacts, USDA Economic Research Service. Coleman JEnsen et al. Household Food Security in the United States in 2013. This compares to about 1 in 7 (14.3%) of all households. Food Insecurity in the U.S. per 1 percent of farms lost in N.C. from 2007 to 2012 Farmland Loss The USDA’s Supplemental Nutrition As- sistance Program (SNAP) is the largest federal food assistance program. An average of 1.6 million North Carolinians per month participated in SNAP in 2014; na- tionally, monthly SNAP participation averaged 46.5 million Americans. According to Feeding America, about one in four (26.8%) food-insecure people in North Carolina - 5% of all North Carolinians - have incomes above the cutoff for SNAP and other federal programs, and may be ineligible for public assistance. SNAP Participants $257The average monthly SNAP benefit in 2014 was about $257 per household, or about $125 per person. $550The amount that the average American household spent per month on food in 2013. 20. Faith & Community Response by the numbers N.C.’sfoodbanksdistributednearly152 millionpoundsoffoodinfiscalyear2013-14. Four food banks, representing almost two thirds of this total, distributed an average of 25% produce by weight — one pound of fresh produce in every four distributed. The amount that the number of community gardens grew from 2008 to 2014 in NC, based on the NC Community Garden Partners Directory listings. Be counted Registering your community garden with the North Carolina Community Garden Partners allows others to connect with you. Plus it helps all of us know how many gardens exist in our state! Register today: www.nccgp.org/ garden_directory 18 Sources: NC Association of Feeding America Food Banks. Feeding America Hunger in America 2014, Feeding America Map the Meal Gap, NC Community Garden Partners, Bureau of Labor Statistics Consumer Expenditures Survey, USDA Food & Nutrition Service, Food Bank of Central & Eastern NC, MANNA Food Bank, Inter-Faith Food Shuttle, Second Harvest Food Bank of Northwest NC, USDA Food Environment Atlas Community Gardens of the partner agencies work- ing with NC food banks to dis- tribute food are faith-based organizations. Nationally, 62% of partner agencies are faith-based. 67% 700% SNAP at the Farmers Market An increasing number of farmers markets ac- cept SNAP benefits, including some also offering community-raised “Double Bucks” for SNAP recipients to increase direct purchases of local food. In North Carolina in 2014, $164,765 was redeemed at farmers markets out of the state total SNAP redemptions of $2,383,571,501. While this represents only a tiny fraction of all SNAP ben- efits, the number continues to increase annually. In North Carolina, 14% of farmers markets were authorized to accept SNAP. 2014201320122010 2011 U.S. SNAP Redemptions at Farmers Markets Source: USDA Food & Nutrition Service $7.5M $11.7M $16.6M $21.1M $18.8M 2014201320122010 2011 U.S. SNAP Redemptions at Farmers Markets Source: USDA Food & Nutrition Service $7.5M $11.7M $16.6M $21.1M $18.8M $59,085 $88,680 $107,971 $152,878 2014201320122010 2011 $164,765 N.C. SNAP Redemptions at Farmers Markets Source: USDA Food & Nutrition Service 2014201320122010 2011 U.S. SNAP Redemptions at Farmers Markets Source: USDA Food & Nutrition Service $7.5M $11.7M $16.6M $21.1M $18.8M $59,085 $88,680 $107,971 $152,878 2014201320122010 2011 $164,765 N.C. SNAP Redemptions at Farmers Markets Source: USDA Food & Nutrition Service 2014201320122010 2011 U.S. SNAP Redemptions at Farmers Markets Source: USDA Food & Nutrition Service $7.5M $11.7M $16.6M $21.1M $18.8M This is a preliminary figure. A decrease may reflect reduced SNAP redemptions at all retailers. 21. 19 If you ask nonprofit or faith community leaders what a funding organization can do to help them, you will probably get one simple answer: “Give us money to do what we want to do to make our community a better place!” It seems obvi- ous, doesn’t it? When you examine the question through the eyes of a funder, however, things get more com- plex and nuanced. Funders have many tools to help faith-based groups and other nonprofits to impact their communities for good, and those tools can all be used in different ways to give various kinds of aid as deemed appropriate. At one recent conference for foundation lead- ers, the speaker summarized what funders do with “the three S’s:” Seed, Scale, Sustain. To seed a project, a funder provides assistance to a group to begin a new ministry or project, either in the form of money or by using another tool. To scale a project or program means to take it to the next level, or to help it take the next step in its plan. To sustain a project means to pro- vide ongoing assistance that keeps the program going at its current level of service. Thinking organically, we may think of seed- ing as planting the seed that will take root and grow in its own environment, with the re- sources of its native soil, air, water, and sun (local congregation and community resources). Using this analogy, a funder could be involved in very early stages of developing a food program in a congregation and then move away as the con- gregation and its community take over the work of growing the program. Scal- ing may be thought of as helping to move the seedling from the pot to the field, or as putting fertilizer into the soil around the plant. In scaling, as in seeding, a funder’s work and tools are temporary, and the environment (community) around the growing plant (organization/program) provides the rest of what is needed for further development as well as for the sustaining of the project at its new level of operation. When a funder chooses to be a part of sustaining an organization or a congregation, or its programs or ministries, it chooses to become like the sun, the air, the water, or the soil-- a part of the group or project’s permanent environ- ment. Most funders do not have the resources to sustain programs as a matter of common practice; thus, they reserve their financial assistance primarily for seeding and scaling. Seed, scale, sustain: Growing Goodness in North Carolina ThankYou The Duke Endowment has provided sustaining support to the Come to the Table Project since 2007.We are deeply grateful for a relationship with funders who share a profound commitment to our mission, and whom we consider partners in the work. By Kristen Richardson-Frick and RobbWebb Athan Lindsay, Come to the Table Project Director 22. 20 It is important to note that it isn’t just grant money that funders can offer organizations in the seeding or scaling process, or even in a commitment to help them sustain. People who fund or offer other assistance to congrega- tions or grassroots organizations know both what those groups are doing and the lessons they’ve learned. For this reason, funders can be wonderful networkers for groups trying to do good things, connecting them to similar groups who are doing good things so that they can share best practices and lessons learned. A funder can also connect these organizations to other funders who may have an interest in helping these organizations in their work. In the case of The Duke Endowment and the faith-based food programs with which we’ve been involved, we have begun to hold regular convenings that bring food ministry leaders together to learn from each other, to assist one another, and to form new relation- ships that can sustain impactful programs. We consider this initiative to be as important as our grant-making. In addition to funding and networking, funders can also provide for what is commonly called “technical assistance.” In other words, foundation staff can directly aid an organization or congregation’s leaders as they seek to offer programs that make lasting and meaningful change in their communities. Some funders also provide technical assistance through intermediaries. Using the three main tools of grants, relationships and guidance, funders all seek to do the same thing -- grow goodness in the communities they serve by helping effective organizations to seed programs that will feed their communities, to scale projects that can produce more good fruit for the better health of all people and, in certain cases, to sustain those things that are nourishing the world with grace and excellence. Kristen Richardson-Frick is an ordained elder in the South Carolina Conference of the United Method- ist Church and a program officer for The Duke En- dowment’s Rural Church Program. Robb Webb is an ordained deacon in the Western North Carolina Conference of the United Methodist Church and director of The Duke Endowment’s Rural Church Program Area. Whenafunderchoosestobeapartofsustaininganorganizationora congregation,oritsprogramsorministries,itchoosestobecomelike thesun,theair,thewater,orthesoil—apartofthegrouporproject’s permanentenvironment. “ Rev. Edgar de Jesus at Anathoth Community Garden 23. 21 eating well: An Updated Resource for Congregations In 2012, the North Carolina Council of Churches developed “Eating Well: For Ourselves, For Our Neighbors, For Our Planet,” a comprehen- sive, intergenerational curriculum focused on the food we eat and why it matters. It features seven lessons with Scripture, prayers, resources, and activities for young children through adults, “Eating Well” will challenge and inspire your church or community group. Recently updated, the purpose of this study is to highlight the intercon- nectivity between food and respecting creation, having enough, loving neighbors, valuing diversity, and working towards peace from a faith and social justice perspective. Additionally, you will be equipped and empow- ered to take action at personal, communal, regional, and political levels. As sisters and brothers in Christ, we are called to be good neighbors to each other, good stewards of creation, and good caretakers of the body God has given us. Our relationship with food touches our relationship with just about everyone and everything else. Below is an example from the first chapter including abbreviated activi- ties for you to try at your congregation. Opening Prayer Almighty God, as we gather together to learn about the glory of your creation, we ask that you open our hearts and minds so that we can rec- ognize your good gifts in the world around us and interact with them in a way that is pleasing to you. We are dependent on one another. Opening Reflection People tend to have powerful memories and emotions related to food. What is your earliest food-related memory? Why do you think the emotion related to that memory is so powerful? Scripture • You shall love the Lord your God with all your heart, and with all your soul, and with all your strength, and with all your mind; and your neighbor as yourself. (Luke 10:27) • The earth is the Lord’s and all that is in it, the world, and those who live in it. (Psalm 24:1) Activity for Primary & Intermediate Students • Just what is “everything”? Have the students brainstorm all the things that God owns. If you have a large soft ball, you may have the kids stand By the NC Council of Churches 24. 22 in a circle and throw the ball to one another. Each person who catches it says, “God owns ____.” Encour- age them to think big (mountains, cities, countries) and small (lady bugs, toys, themselves). Play long enough so that everyone has a turn to speak two or three times. • Once the children have had an opportunity to brain- storm, unroll a length of butcher paper or pass out a couple large pieces of newsprint or poster board along with art supplies. Along the top write, “The Earth is the Lord’s and Everything in It.” As a group, they will cre- ate a picture showing all the things that belong to God. Remind the kids of all the things – big and small – that they listed in their brainstorm. • When the pictures are complete, have the children come back together as a whole group. Read Luke 10:27 to them again. Using their posters as examples, show them that they can love God by loving and caring for all the things that God owns. Since they belong to God, all the other things that belong to God are their neighbors, and they should try to love them and take care of them. God creates the food we eat, and God wants all of us to have enough. Close with a prayer. Youth & Adult Activity Watch “Nourish” (a 30 minute PBS special that is available to borrow from the NCCC library or bought online at a discount for congregations). After watch- ing “Nourish,” discuss the following questions in small groups or all together as one group: • What traditions does your family have around food? • What are some of the connections you see between your religious beliefs and food? • How does food connect all of God’s creations? Youth-specific Questions • What kinds of foods are served at your school, church, or neighborhood or family meals? • What steps can be taken to make those foods health- ier? • How often do you talk to your parents/guardians about food? Do you get to help make dinner or decide what you will eat that week? Adult-specific Questions • What needs does this video point out that may be filled through Christian mission or ministry? Does your faith community already have missions or ministries that address these needs? How can you participate in, support, or start missions or ministries that address those needs? Closing Prayer Almighty God, you have called us to tend and keep the garden of your creation. Give us wisdom and rev- erence for all your plants and animals who share this planet with us and whose lives make possible our own. Help us to remember that they too love the sweetness of life and join with us in giving you praise. (National Council of Churches Earth Day Sunday 2001 resource packet) For more tools and activities, you can download the Eating Well curriculum from the North Carolina Council of Churches website: http://www.ncchurches.org/food-curriculum TheearthistheLord’sandallthatisinit,theworld,andthosewholive init.(Psalm24:1) “ 25. 23 stories from the field: A Beloved Garden For over twenty years, the Beloved Community Center (BCC) of Greensboro, NC has worked with a belief rooted in Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.’s legacy of proactive struggles at the intersections of social and economic justice. The BCC is committed to grassroots empowerment, especially among marginalized groups, within the spirit of forg- ing a beloved community for all. During my seven years of service, I have found no greater joy than the opportunity to build sustainable, enduring and life af- firming relationships that have an impact in our local community. When the need for access to healthy and affordable food emerged as a critical issue in our city, the BCC saw our work of community building as an indispens- able gift to the movement for food justice. Our work nestled in the corner pocket of downtown Greensboro, at Faith Community Church (FCC) was reenergized. We felt our great commission of faith to care deeply for our neighbors and to show this care in acts of love and justice. Hunger and food security are issues that affect all of us, but they impact marginalized groups living in poverty even more. In 2007, the BCC, in partnership with our homeless neighbors, created a community garden behind our Hospitality House. This partnership was made pos- sible by fifteen plus years of service to our homeless community. The garden started as a small plot of land, yielding modest harvests of tomatoes and various beans and peppers. Even with this new beginning, the community needed much more. Recently, Greensboro was recognized as one of the worst food deserts in the United States. Taking the initiative, our staff conducted neighborhood surveys to see which vegetables and other produce families most needed. We eventually began to recruit volunteers and even shifted our organizations yearly work plan to integrate this most important work into what we were already doing. Our shared work with the Farm Labor Organizing Committee (FLOC) pro- duced other organic connections. FLOC organizes workers and allies to fight for the complex issues faced by migrant farmworkers and the immigrant justice movement. Our work around the “Fight for 15” (raising the minimum wage to $15/ hr for fast food workers) revealed the deepening economic divide between rich and poor in our community. These and more struggles converged on our ByWesley Morris Beloved Community Center Staff and garden volunteers 26. 24 little plot of land as we began to see how interconnected the struggles of justice are to our community. In the following year, the BCC, through its relation- ship with Faith Community Church, moved to the larger area of land behind the church. With a few dedicated volunteers and a few handy tools from the shed, we began the work of expanding our reach. As our capacity to make fresh produce available to the community grew, we opened a community curb market, offered tours and made plots of land available to local businesses. The garden emerged as a powerful classroom for all of us. In all of these projects, the community was thoroughly involved and deeply invested in the work. One Saturday morning, the church planned a workday for students from North Carolina Agricultural & Techni- cal State University. It was a powerful to see 15 college students awake and ready to garden at 8:00 AM! Only three students had prior experience working in gardens, but they were all quick learners, as they used a tiller to turn soil, rake leaves, plant seeds and paint our cistern with words of inspiration such as, “Hope” and “Faith”. We were also joined by Margarita, the owner of Man- ny’s Café, a local restaurant that uses our garden to plant vegetables for her restaurant. It was an amazing day of possibilities for all of us and magnified our vision of how communities can work together. Many, including myself, commented on the healing we received by feeling the soil with our bare hands and participating in the collective work of weeding, planting and building fences. Conversations about cooperative economics, skill trainings for young people, promoting workdays for local college students, research based ini- tiatives and sharing our vision with more churches are still happening. It’s amazing to see how a backyard has become a workshop for community building. Community gardens have their own way of produc- ing more than just the vegetables from the ground. The Community Garden on 417 Arlington St. has produced friendships, fruits of the spirit and renewed hope for many of us through gardening. Wesley Morris was a community organizer and youth coordinator for the Beloved Community Center in Greensboro from 2008 - 2014. He is currently pursuing a Masters in Divinity at Union Theological Seminary in New York. Thoughts to ponder fromWesley • Can we build a local economy that uses com- munity gardens in our city to create jobs and op- portunities for youth and build relationships with local restaurants? • What type of trainings can we offer in garden- ing that help produce healthier lives? • What is the role of our diversity of faith teach- ings on food justice and how do we practice them? • What intergenerational teachings can be learned from our experiences gardening to draw us closer together within our families and com- munities? Itwasanamazingdayofpossibilitiesforallofusandmagnifiedour visionofhowcommunitiescanworktogether. “ 27. stories from the field: Interview with Jose Godinez,Youth Leader NC FIELD, an organization based in Kinston, N.C., that fills service gaps and increases awareness on farmworker issues, convenes a farmworker youth council, called Poder Juvenil Campesino (PJC or Rural Youth Power). PJC has been sparking positive change in Eastern North Carolina since 2009. Its members participate in youth leadership development activities that prepare them for community action and partici- pation in surrounding farmworker issues. The group promotes the well-being and dignity of all farmworkers, speaks out against child labor and practices environmental sustainability, through participation in educational and cre- ative projects. NC FIELD’s Emily Merletto sat down with youth council member and former farmworker Jose Godinez to discuss youth leadership and farmworker justice. Here’s what he had to say: EM: What does it mean to you to be a youth leader in your community? Being a youth leader means taking responsibility for everyone around you. Here in Lenoir county as a whole, there are people who don’t have a voice. They can range from child farmworkers to poorly paid parents. Our community is one we care about greatly, and since it’s often overlooked it needs youth leaders to help it be recognized by as many influential people as possible. EM: What three words would you use to describe a good youth leader? Oratorical, passionate, and organized. An oratorical person isn’t afraid to speak up about issues. Individuals with this trait know how to speak naturally and make conversations go in the way they want. A passionate person expresses the most interest in their topic or area of experience. They take the time to make sure their work stands out and is identified by their peers as a prominent driving force for their success. Among many youth, staying organized is a day-to-day task, es- pecially being organized for school. However, someone who can organize things in their life, as well as for their community, is a person who knows how to run a group well and plan efficiently. EM: What are some ways adults can empower youth? As youth, we like to consider ourselves independent and when we are, we Farmworkers in Peril Agriculture continues to be the economic backbone of N.C., yet farmworkers live and work in unjust conditions. Farmwork- ers are the second lowest paid workforce in the nation; those living on the East Coast annually earn around $7,000, and despite working in food crops for twelve- hours days, they constitute the most food-insecure demographic in the state. Thousands of NC’s farmworkers are chil- dren, whose developmental stage renders the high pesticide exposure, injuries, heat stress, and undignified work conditions that characterize this work even more harmful. Source: NC Council of Churches Farmworker Factsheet 25 By Emily Merletto PJCYouth at the Garden 28. craft some of our best ideas. However we still need adults to continue supporting us; it’s great to have them around complimenting our work or giving us tips in case something seems out of place. When we’re given the power to run things our way, it means they trust us and that makes us release our creativity to greater a extent. By helping us with their support, they empower us to be better individuals through positive role modeling. EM: As a farmworker youth, what tools do you need to succeed or to feel empowered? Better public speaking skills, continuous feedback, and constant opportunities. Public speaking is a skill that isn’t easy to hone-- it requires lots of practice, but its payoff is tremendous since you get your point across well when speaking to large crowds of people. It’s great to have some feedback to work with, whether negative or positive. Feedback helps us stay on track or become better at something we need to improve on. Opportuni- ties for us usually vary and when something big in our scope of interest happens, we make sure to do our part. These may not be physical tools but they’re very impor- tant to us so we can keep moving ahead. EM: How have you used skills learned in your youth council to act on something important to you? One of our signature events, YouthSpeak, was formed so we could educate people in our community about struggles we and the people in our area had. This was made possible with an opportunity given to us by NC FIELD. We went forward with this idea and decided to make it into a panel-forum style event where we each had to speak about our experiences. Many of us who hadn’t been accustomed to speaking publicly and shyed away at the idea, made our voices heard. One of my main focuses when it comes to educating those in our communities is the need to provide a safer working environment for the immigrants. I’ve spoken publicly about these issues before to important people in charge of bills and regulations. It’s something that’s impor- tant to me since many often overlook what happens in fields and how very little the workers are given to either protect themselves or even clean themselves from pesti- cides. Emily Merletto was a co-founder and director of NC FIELD from 2009-2012 and continues to support the or- ganization as Development Coordinator. She farms with her husband at Little Sprout Farm in Moncure, NC. InMay2014,theHumanRightsWatchreleased“To- bacco’sHiddenChildren:HazardousChildLaborin UnitedStatesTobaccoFarming,” a140-pagereportde- tailinghealth,safetyandwageconcernsforfarmwork- ers.MembersofPJCandNCFIELDwereinstrumental inmakingconnectionstofarmworkersandproviding interviews.Todownloadthereport,visitwww.hrw.org. To learn more about PJC and NC FIELD visit http://www.ncfield.org/. You can also watch a video interview of Neftali Cuello, another dy- namic PJC youth leader at www.rafiusa.org/cttt/ videos. 26 Jose Godinez 29. It has been ten and a half years since Bill King was murdered in broad daylight in Cedar Grove, North Carolina. This white man’s tragic and senseless death – a single shot in the back of the head for a handful of cash -- became the catalyst for a revolution of sorts because a small group of people dared to believe that their lives did not have to be dominated by fear. The story of Anathoth Community Garden has been told over and over again, and it has entered into the stories of numerous people who have come to this small plot of ground in Orange County to learn, to dig in the soil, to work along- side The Other, and to be gifted with food, as well as friendship. I have both told and heard the story of how a man’s murder sparked the imaginations and resolve of a people to refuse death as the end of the story. The conversation about food, faith, and farms has exploded in the past ten years, as is evidenced in the stories and numbers highlighted in this publication. I am convinced that God is up to something. The “something” God is up to has been revealed in both ordinary and extraordinary circumstances. It is as ordinary as growing and eating food together; it is as extraordinary as bearing witness to the death of a man named Bill. Meaning was cultivated through uniting a divided community, an overgrown piece of land, and people across racial, ethnic, political, and economic lines. We live in an age of terror. There is nothing new about terror, except, perhaps, it has become closer to us through the technologi- cal wizardry of television, radio, and the internet. Any close reading of history will tell us that terror has dominated the imaginations of the world for ages. But I wonder - is the fact that technology brings terror to our homes on a daily basis actually an opportunity for people of faith to boldly stare it in the face and bear witness to a resurrected and redeemed life – from the soil, to the kitchen, to the table, and to the health of community? You see, I have come to be convinced that the reason Anathoth Community Garden happened at all is because the terror that caused the Son of God to be murdered at 3:00 in the afternoon was con- sumed forever three days later by an empty tomb. Perhaps the only way we can make sense of a garden being raised from the hard and rocky soil of an empty field is because, finally we come to see that, indeed, God is up to something no less than the salvation of the world. And, as both history and scripture prove over and over again, God prefers to use ordinary folk like you and I as participants in something so large as thy Kingdom come. 27 clergy reflections: God is Up to SomethingBy Rev. Grace G. Hackney 30. Every day someone dies a senseless death – a shot in the back of the head, a stomach shriveled up from lack of nourishment, clogged arteries that block blood from giving life, manufactured “food” that costs pen- nies and fills an empty spot with seeds of disease that masquerade as nourishment. I refuse to believe that this is the end of the story. I dare to believe that God is up to something. God is causing ordinary folk like you and I to pay attention. To pay attention to death is to see the possibilities of life. In 2008, Dr. Norman Wirzba was hired at Duke Divinity School as the first ever Research Professor of Theology, Ecology, and Rural Life (not only first ever in NC, but first ever anywhere.) He followed Dr. Ellen Davis, professor of Old Testament Studies and au- thor of the definitive book on an agrarian reading of the Bible (Scripture, Culture, Agriculture, An Agrarian Reading of the Bible, Cambridge Press, 2009). Would be theologians and pastors came to NC from around the world to study with them. The future clergy of our churches are agrarians. God is up to something. Young people are joining the more seasoned pilgrim in choosing a way of life that is lived close to the land. A young man in Saxapahaw opens a butchery, and prepares a hot meal to be distributed with the weekly food pantry. A single mother in Orange County uses her Harvest Share box to feed herself and to cook for her neighbors. A building contractor in Durham County helps build a small raised bed garden for a family who lives without running water, but who dreams of having a garden with fresh vegetables for their diabetic daughter. Angelina opens a restaurant in Chatham County and names the food she fixes after the farmers she buys her food from (such as Farmer John’s Beef Stew). There is still work to be done. A new farmer recently lamented that although she had paid fair wage to her employees, she had yet to pay herself. “If Christians bought only 10% of their grocer- ies at farmer’s markets, I could not only pay myself, but could thrive.” A local chef questioned, “Why do church people eat so poorly … it doesn’t make sense.” I wonder what would happen if every place of worship spent some serious time with this question: “What does the way you eat and invite others to eat say about your relationship to God and neighbor?” Is your God a god who gives food to some and not to others? Is your God a god who asks us to get food however we can, by what- ever means, with no regard for the health of soil, water, and neighbor? This is a damning question. This ques- tion won’t let us ignore the food we put in our mouths or on the plates of our neighbors if we believe in a God who has created and who has, through Christ, broken into the world so loved to continue the new creation of peace and plenty. This question won’t let us ignore the truth that the church fails when it disre- gards the plight of the ones who are called to grow, sell, cook, and serve our food, or when it fails to see such work as sacra- ment. What if churches made it a practice to name the source of the food we eat and share? Can you truly give thanks for it? Was the way it was grown, har- vested, and prepared reflective of the God of Creation and our role as participants in the New Creation made possible through Christ? We know that for many, this will be hard work. But we are also convinced that the time is right. God is up to something. We are being led to the Table so that the Table will spread into the streets of our communities. Rev. Grace G. Hackney is the Director of Life Around the Table (LATT), a new mission of the Corridor District of the United Methodist Church, and was the co-founder of Anathoth Community Garden. Grace promotes Food that Laughs, which is Local, Accessible, Uncomplicated, Good, Healthy, and Seasonal. To learn more, contact her at lifearoundthetable@gmail.com 28 Iwonderwhatwouldhappenifeveryplaceofworshipspentsome serioustimewiththisquestion: “Whatdoesthewayyoueatandinvite otherstoeatsayaboutyourrelationshiptoGodandneighbor?”“ 31. Glossary of Hunger & Agriculture RelatedTerms CSA Community Supported Agriculture is a term used to define a particular arrangement between a farmer and a group of consumers. Typically, members of a CSA pay a lump sum at the beginning of a season and receive a weekly box of farm goods. CSA members are considered informal shareholders and sometimes contribute to the farm by volunteering. EBT Electronic Benefits Transfer (EBT) is an electronic system that allows a recipient to authorize transfer of their government benefits from a federal account to a retailer account to pay for products received. The Food and Nutrition Services program uses the EBT to disburse SNAP benefits. These can be used at autho- rized Farmers’ Markets. Food Desert A district in an urban or rural setting with little or no access to large grocery stores that offer fresh and affordable foods needed to maintain a healthy diet. In- stead of such stores, these districts often contain many fast food restaurants and convenience stores. Food Insecurity Access to adequate food in a socially acceptable way is limited by a lack of money and other resources. For a more detailed definition, see page 5. FNS The USDA’s Food and Nutrition Service, which ad- ministers 15 nutrition assistance programs including SNAP and WIC. Farm Bill Omnibus legislation passed by the US Congress every 5 to 7 years that authorizes agricultural programs including stabilization of farm income, research, con- servation, rural development and nutrition programs. FSA The Farm Service Agency is the agency of the USDA that administers federal programs for farmers includ- ing stabilization of farm income, lending and recov- ery from disasters. NCDA The North Carolina Department of Agriculture. SNAP Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) is the nation’s most substantial food assistance pro- gram for millions of eligible, low income Americans. Formerly called Food Stamps. TEFAP The Emergency Food Assistance Program (TEFAP) is a Federal program that helps supplement the diets of low-income Americans, including elderly people, by providing them with emergency food and nutrition assistance at no cost. USDA The United State Department of Agriculture is the federal agency that administers programs for agricul- ture, including soil conservation, research, nutrition and efforts to stabilize the farm economy. WIC The Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) provides Fed- eral grants to States for supplemental foods, health care referrals, and nutrition education for low-income pregnant, breastfeeding, and non-breastfeeding post- partum women, and to infants and children up to age five who are found to be at nutritional risk. Below are some definitions of terms used when talking about food systems, hunger relief, and agriculture that may be useful for the readers of this guidebook. 29 32. Resources American Indian Mothers, Inc. 1211Wagonwheel Rd, Shannon, NC 28386 (910) 843-9911 http://americanindianmothers.com/ AIMI is committed to compassionate services that will improve the quality of life for the disadvantaged families through a shield of prevention, family counsel- ing, self-awareness, respect, health services, educational programs, educational programs, cultural sensitivity. Ample Harvest www.ampleharvest.org Ample Harvest educates, encourages and empowers growers to share their excess harvest with the needy in their community instead of letting it rot in the garden. Anathoth Community Garden PO Box 138, Cedar Grove, NC 27231 (336) 408-0968 www.anathothgarden.org Anathoth Community Garden’s mission is to cultivate peace by using good food and sustainable agriculture to connect people with their neighbors, the land, and God. Appalachian Sustainable Agriculture Project (ASAP) A729 Haywood Rd. #3 Asheville, NC 28806 Phone: (828) 236-1282 \| Fax: (828) 236-1280 www.asapconnections.org ASAP is a non-profit organization that supports farm- ers and rural communities in the mountains of Western North Carolina and the Southern Appalachians by pro- viding education, mentoring, promotion, web resources, and community and policy development. ASAP is known for its annual local food guide and its advocacy for starting the “Appalachian Grown” label. Ashe Outreach Ministries P.O. Box 157, Creston, NC 28615 (336) 385-3663 www.asheoutreach.org Ashe Outreach’s mission is to eliminate food security and feed people with food, fellowship and love. Each month, more than 2300 people in the area - children, shut-ins, families - receive much-needed food from a community of efforts. Beloved Community Center 417 Arlington Street, Greensboro, NC 27406 (336) 230-0001 www.belovedcommunitycenter.org The Beloved Community Center of Greensboro, North Carolina (BCC) is a community-based, grass- roots empowerment oriented organization committed to grassroots empowerment, especially among minorities, within the context and spirit of forging a beloved com- munity for all residents. They operate a feeding minis- try, a community garden, and work in partnership with Grace Community Church. North Carolina is blessed with many communities and organizations that address the needs of farmers, the food inse- cure, and faith leaders. This list is made up of organizations that have attended Come to the Table events or partnered in our work. It is meant as a starting point and certainly not comprehensive. The organizations on this list work primarily on: 30 Agriculture FaithFood security and hunger relief 33. Blue RidgeWomen In Agriculture Mailing Address: P.O. Box 67 Boone, NC 28607 Physical Address: 171 Grand Blvd Boone, NC (828) 386-1537 www.brwia.org Blue Ridge Women in Agriculture (BRWIA) is dedi- cated to strengthening the High Country’s local food system by supporting women and their families with resources, education, and skills related to sustainable food and agriculture. The Bountiful Cities Project Asheville, NC www.bountifulcities.org Bountiful Cities is an Asheville based organization dedicated to teaching sustainable agriculture skills in urban environments. They seek to create, on urban land, beautiful community spaces that produce food in abundance and foster a learning environment for social justice and sustainability. Carolina Farm Stewardship Association (CFSA) Mailing Address: PO. Box 448 Pittsboro, NC 27312 Physical Address: 287 East St. Suite 421 Pittsboro, NC 27312 Phone: (919) 542-2402 \| Fax: (919) 542-7401 www.carolinafarmstewards.org CFSA is a membership-based non-profit that pro- motes local and organic agriculture in the Carolinas by advocating for fair farm and food policies, building the systems that organic family farms need to thrive, and educating communities about local, organic farming. Center for Community Action (CCA) PO Box 723, Lumberton NC, 28359 910-739-7851 www.centerforca.org/ The Center for Community Action (CCA) is a private, nonprofit, community-based organization that utilizes the strategies of grassroots empowerment, racial inclu- sion, and multi-sector collaboration as the foundation for its work in sustainability and social justice. Center For Environmental Farming Systems (CEFS) Campus Box 7609, NCSU, Raleigh, NC 27695 Phone: (919) 513-0954 \| Fax: (919) 515-2505 www.cefs.ncsu.edu CEFS was established by North Carolina State Uni- versity, North Carolina A&T State University,and the North Carolina Department of Agriculture to promote just and equitable food and farming systems that con- serve natural resources, strengthen communities, im- prove health outcomes, and provide economic opportu- nities in North Carolina and beyond. Center for Participatory Change (CPC) PO Box 17137, Asheville NC 28816 (828) 232-2049 www.cpcwnc.org CPC’s strives to strengthen grassroots capacity, build collective power, and create equity in western NC through grassroots organizing, capacity building, net- working, and grant-making. 31 34. Connect2Direct (C2D) www.connect2direct.org Connect2Direct is new initiative of RAFI-USA and Appalachian Sustainable Agriculture Project (ASAP) aimed at increasing farmer direct sales and expand- ing local food access. The initial focus is on equipping farmers markets and other direct sales outlets to diver- sify their customer base and increase SNAP / EBT sales through piloting programs at select markets throughout North Carolina. Conetoe Family Life Center 205 Factory Street PO Box 302 Conetoe, NC 27819 http://conetoefamily.webs.com/ Conetoe Family Life Center, a ministry that grew out of Conetoe Missionary Baptist Church, operates a 25-acre community garden and a community center that offers mentorship, resources, and afterschool programs to the town of Conetoe, NC population 292. The Duke Endowment 800 East Morehead Street Charlotte, North Carolina 28202 Phone: (704) 376-0291 \| Fax: (704) 376-9336 www.dukeendowment.org Based in Charlotte and established in 1924 by indus- trialist and philanthropist James B. Duke, The Duke Endowment is a private foundation that strengthens communities in North Carolina and South Carolina by nurturing children, promoting health, educating minds and enriching spirits. Since its founding, it has distrib- uted more than $3.2 billion in grants. The Duke Endow- ment works in collaboration with the NC and Western NC conferences of the United Methodists Church and Duke Divinity School to help rural churches serve their communities. Eat Smart, Move More NC www.eatsmartmovemorenc.com Eat Smart, Move More North Carolina, is a statewide movement that promotes increased opportunities for healthy eating and physical activity wherever people live, learn, earn, play and pray. Elon Community Church Farmers Market 271 NWilliamson Ave Elon, NC 27244 www.eloncommunitychurch.org Elon Community Church (ECC) hosts a weekly farm- ers market on the church grounds. The mission of Elon Community Church Farmers Market is to encourage the community to gather around local fresh food, to sup- port community farmers, bakers, crafters and the local economy and to become better stewards of the earth. Episcopal Farmworker Ministry Mailing Address: P.O. Box 160, Newton Grove, NC 28366 Physical Address: 2989 Easy Street, Dunn, NC 28334 Phone: (910) 567-6917 \| Fax: 910-567-6854 www.episcopalfarmworkerministry.org The Episcopal Farmworker Ministry works with farm- workers at 47 migrant camps in eastern NC, responding to their physical, emotional, and spiritual needs, and working to change the system that them in poverty and subhuman conditions. 32 35. Farmer Foodshare 105 Hood Street #5, Durham NC 27701 (919) 360-6358 www.farmerfoodshare.org Farmer Foodshare connects people who grow food with people who need food. Simply put, we strive to make fresh, local food available to everyone in the com- munity, and to make sure farmers growing it make a healthy living. We do this through our Donation Station Program and our POP wholesale market, which supports both the farmer and the recipient organizations whom we serve. Farmers and Hunters Feeding the Hungry www.fhfh.org Farmers and Hunters Feeding the Hungry is an out- reach ministry of the people of God called upon to feed venison to the hungry among us nationwide. Farmers Market Coalition P.O. Box 499 Kimberton, PA 19442 www.farmersmarketcoalition.org The Farmers Market Coalition is a 501(c)(3) nonprofit dedicated to strengthening farmers markets across the United States so that they can serve as community assets while providing real income opportunities for farmers. Food Bank of the Albemarle Mailing: PO Box 1704 Elizabeth City, NC 27906 Physical: 109TidewaterWay Elizabeth City, NC 27909 Telephone: 252-335-4035 \| Fax: 252-335-4797 www.afoodbank.org The Food Bank of the Albemarle is a member of America’s Second Harvest that fights hunger and pov- erty by serving 15 counties in northeast North Carolina. Food Bank of Eastern and Central Carolina 3808Tarheel Drive Raleigh, NC 27609 Phone: (919) 875.0707 \| Fax: (919) 875.0801 www.foodbankcenc.org Established in 1980, the Food Bank of Central and Eastern North Carolina is a non-profit organization that provides food to people at risk of hunger in 34 counties in central and eastern North Carolina. Food Research and Action Center (FRAC) 1200 18th Street NW, Suite 400,Washington, DC 20036 Phone: (202) 986-2200 \| Fax: (202) 986-2525 www.frac.org FRAC is the leading national nonprofit organization working to improve public policies and public-private partnerships to eradicate hunger and undernutrition in the United States. Hawkeye Indian Cultural Center 5710 Red Springs Rd., Red Springs, N.C. 28377 910-843-9484 http://hawkeyeindianculturalcenter.com/ The Hawkeye Indian Cultural Center, Inc. is an Amer- ican Indian nonprofit, multi-program, family-orientated health and human service center. Included in their center is a two acre organic farm. The farm, through the Sus- tainable Lifeways Project, has a goal of providing the community and beyond with organically grown pro- duce as well as educating the public on how the organic growth and cultivation process benefits the environment as well as the people that consume the organic products. Heifer International Appalachia - Southeastern Program 212 S. Broad St., Suite C, Brevard, NC 28712 www.heifer.org Phone 828-862-5534 Fax 828-862-5929 Heifer International works with communities and groups throughout the food system who experience genuine need either because of poverty, food insecurity, social disadvantage, high risk, or isolation. 33 36. High Country CSA www.highcountrycsa.org High Country CSA is a cooperative of over 15 farms and producers growing with organic standards in the High Country of North Carolina. We offer 20-week CSA share options from June through October, with choice in box size & drop-off location. Their multiple-farm model offers a great variety of vegetables throughout the season. HCCSA accepts EBT/SNAP and offers reduced- cost shares for low-income folks. Inter-Faith Food Shuttle (IFFS) Mailing: P.O.Box 14638 Raleigh, NC, 27620 Physical: 1001 Blair Drive Raleigh, NC, 27603 Phone: (919) 250-0043 \| Fax: (919) 250-041 www.foodshuttle.org The IFFS, a member of America’ Second Harvest, alleviates hunger by developing systems to recover, prepare and distribute wholesome, perishable food for the area’s poor, hungry, undernourished and homeless in seven counties in central North Carolina. IFFS’s pro- grams include culinary training, children’s programs and teaching farm. Kate B Reynolds CharitableTrust 128 ReynoldaVillage,Winston-Salem, NC 27106 (336) 397-5500, www.kbr.org The Kate B Reynolds Charitable Trust was established in 1947. The mission of the Trust is to improve the qual- ity of life and quality of health for the financially needy of North Carolina. The Trust makes grants through their Health Care Division and their Poor and Needy Divi- sion. Land Loss Prevention Project Mailing: P.O. Box 179 Durham, NC 27702 Physical: 401 N. Mangum St. Durham, NC 27701 (800) 672-5839, (919) 682-5969 http://landloss.org/ The Land Loss Prevention Project (LLPP) was founded by the North Carolina Association of Black Lawyers to curtail epidemic losses of Black owned land in North Carolina. LLPP broadened its mission in 1993 to provide legal support and assistance to all financially distressed and limited resource farmers and landowners in North Carolina. MANNA Food Bank 627 Swannanoa River Rd, Asheville, NC 28805 Phone: (828) 299-3663 \| Fax: (828) 299-3664 www.mannafoodbank.org Manna Food Bank, a member of Feeding America, links the food industry with over 248 member agencies in 16 counties of Western North Carolina. MAZON 10495 Santa Monica Blvd, Ste 100 Los Angeles, CA 90025 Phone: (800) 813-0557, (310) 442-0020 \| Fax: (310) 442-0030 www.mazon.org Founded in 1985, MAZON: A Jewish Response to Hunger is a national, nonprofit agency that allocates donations from the Jewish community to prevent and alleviate hunger among people of all faiths and back- grounds. Each year, MAZON grants over $4 million to more than 300 carefully screened hunger-relief agen- cies, including emergency food providers, food banks, multi-service organizations and advocacy groups that seek long-term solutions to the hunger problem. MountainVoices Alliance P.O. Box 4093 Asheville, NC 28805 Phone: (828) 255-8537 www.mvalliance.net Mountain Voices Alliance works to preserve and protect the environment, including the natural beauty, abundant resources, quality of life and cultural heritage of western North Carolina communities by working with local governments, developers, organizations and individuals to encourage responsible and sustainable de- velopment that is in the best interest of citizens, visitors, and future generations. 34 37. Natural Resources Conservation Service North Carolina State Office: 4407 Bland Rd., Suite 117, Raleigh, NC 27609 Phone: 919-873-2100 \| Fax: 919-873-2156 www.nrcs.usda.gov The Natural Resources Conservation Service works with America’s private land owners and managers to help them conserve their soil, water, and other natural resources by providing technical and financial assistance for conservation activities. NC Choices P.O. Box 7609, Raleigh, NC 27695 www.ncchoices.com NC Choices promotes sustainable food systems through the advancement of the local, niche and pasture- based meat supply chain in North Carolina. NC Choices provides information, technical assistance, educational programming and networking opportunities for farmers, extension agents, meat processors, buyers, distributors and consumers. North Carolina Council of Churches (NCCC) 1307 Glenwood Ave., Suite 156 Raleigh, NC 27605 Phone: (919) 828-6501 \| Fax: (919) 828-9697 www.nccouncilofchurches.org The NCCC is a statewide ecumenical organization that enables denominations, congregations, and people of faith to individually and collectively impact the state on issues such as economic justice and development,human well-being, equality, compassion and peace, following the example and mission of Jesus Christ. North Carolina Cooperative Extension Campus Box 7602, NC State University Raleigh NC 27695-7602 Phone: (919) 515-2813 www.ces.ncsu.edu North Carolina Cooperative Extension gives NC resi- dents easy access to the resources and expertise of NC State University and NC A&T State University. Through educational programs, publications, and events, Cooper- ative Extension field faculty deliver unbiased, research- based information to North Carolina citizens. 35 38. North Carolina Focus on Increasing Leadership and Dignity (NC FIELD) Kinston, NC www.ncfield.org NC FIELD’s mission is to forge relationships that fill service gaps in the farmworker community, while in- creasing awareness of the plight of the farmworker. One of their projects is Poder Juvenil Campesino (or Rural Youth Power) a farmworker youth group promotes the well-being and dignity of all farmworkers. North Carolina Forest Service 1616 Mail Service Center, Raleigh, NC 27699-1616 Phone: 919-857-4801 \| Fax: 919-857-4802 www.ncforestservice.gov The North Carolina Forest Service’s primary purpose is to ensure adequate and quality forest resources for the state to meet present and future needs. NC Dept of Health and Human Services 2001 Mail Service Center, Raleigh, NC 27699-2001 Phone: 919-855-4800 www.ncdhhs.gov The North Carolina Department of Health and Human Services is responsible for ensuring the health, safety and well being of all North Carolinians, providing the human service needs for fragile populations like the mentally ill, deaf, blind and developmentally disabled, and helping poor North Carolinians achieve economic independence. North Carolina Nutrition Services Branch 1914 Mail Service Center Raleigh, NC 27699-1914 www.nutritionnc.com The NC Nutrition Services Branch of the NC Depart- ment of Public Health promotes sound nutrition habits among infants, children and women in their childbearing years. They administer the Women, Infants and Children (WIC) program, the Farmers Market Nutrition Program (FMNP) and the Child and Adult Care Food Program (CAFP). Presbyterian Hunger Program 100Witherspoon Street Louisville, KY 40202 (800) 728-7228 www.presbyterianmission.org/ministries/hunger The Presbyterian Hunger Program provides grants to programs addressing hunger and its causes in the United States and around the world in five program areas: direct food relief, development assistance, influencing public policy, life-style integrity, and education and interpreta- tion. Rural Advancement Foundation International-USA 274 Pittsboro Elementary School Rd, Pittsboro, NC 27312 (919) 542-1396 www.rafiusa.org RAFI-USA cultivates markets, policies and communi- ties that support thriving, socially just and environmen- tally sound family farms. Among RAFI’s projects is the Come to the Table Project and Connect2Direct. 36 39. Second Harvest Food Bank of Metrolina 500 Spratt St. Charlotte, NC 28206 Phone: (704) 375-9639 www.secondharvestmetrolina.org Second Harvest Food Bank of Metrolina (SHFBM) strives through education, advocacy, and partnerships to eliminate hunger by the solicitation and distribution of food in 16 counties in North and South Carolina. Second Harvest Food Bank of Northwest NC 3655 Reed StreetWinston-Salem, NC 27107 Phone: (336) 784-5770 \| Fax: (336) 784-7369 www.hungernwnc.org Second Harvest Food Bank of Northwest North Caro- lina’s ministry is to reduce hunger and malnutrition in the eighteen counties of northwest North Carolina. Second Harvest Food Bank of Southeast NC 406 Deep Creek Road, PO Box 2009 Fayetteville, NC 28302 Phone: (910) 485-6923 www.ccap-inc.org/foodbank A part of the Cumberland Community Action Pro- gram, the Second Harvest Food Bank of Southeast North Carolina serves 7 counties in southeastern North Carolina. SEEDS 706 Gilbert Street Durham, North Carolina 27701 Phone: (919) 683-1197 \| Fax: (919) 688-1249 www.seedsnc.org info@seedsnc.org SEEDS is a non-profit community garden whose goal is to teach people to care for the earth, themselves, and each other through a variety of garden-based programs. They offer an after-school and summer program for children as well as Durham Inner-city Gardeners (DIG), a youth-driven, urban farming leadership development program that empowers teens by teaching organic gar- dening, sound business practices, healthy food choices, and food security values. 37 40. Share the Harvest Greensboro, NC www.sharetheharvestguilfordcounty.org/ Share the Harvest collects, aggregates and distributes fresh produce to agencies in Guilford County that have food pantries or prepare meals, ensuring that those in need have access to fresh produce. Slow Food USA www.slowfood.com For NC chapters websites and contact: http://www.slowfoodusa.org/ local-chapters Slow Food counteracts fast food and fast life, the dis- appearance of local food traditions and people’s dwin- dling interest in the food they eat, where it comes from, how it tastes and how our food choices affect the rest of the world. Society of St. Andrew (SOSA) SOSA Durham Main Office: PO. Box 25081 Durham, NC 27702 Phone: (919) 683-3011,Toll free: (866) GLEANNC \| Fax: (919) 682-3349 www.endhunger.org SOSA is a Christian ministry dedicated to gleaning America’s fields and feeding America’s hungry, provid- ing healthy, nutritious produce to society’s most vulner- able through innovative, cost effective programs. Student Action with Farmworkers (SAF) 1317W Pettigrew St. Durham, NC 27705 Phone: (919) 660-3652 \| Fax: (919) 681-7600 www.saf-unite.org SAF brings students and farmworkers together to learn about each other’s lives, share resources and skills, improve conditions for farmworkers, and build diverse coalitions working for social change. 38 Fundamentos de las ventas Information and tips for allergies soc8239ack Winter Wheat Report ExstoManagement BOPS Organic Wheat Yields and Rye Suppression Rankings *RAFI 2014 Annual Report National Organic Action Plan (NOAP) Starting a Community Vegetable Garden 2009 NOAP Summit Discussion Paper: Towards a National Organic Action Plan	cc/2019-30/en_head_0043.json.gz/line2278
__label__cc	0.660362	0.339638	The New Californians: Comparative Research Findings on the Educational Progress of Immigrant Children Author(s): Rumbaut, RG Editor(s): Rumbaut, RG Cornelius, WA No state has felt the impact of the new immigration more than California, and no institution more than its public schools. A third of the nation's immigrants are concentrated in California; and over a third of California's K-12 public school children speak a language other than English at home. These new Californians are extraordinarily diverse; they hail largely from Asia and Latin America, and include among them at once the most educated and the least educated ethnic groups in the U.S. today. Their children are growing up in a context where economic restructuring, a prolonged recession, and accompanying fiscal woes have exacerbated a deep public discontent particularly aimed at immigrants. Yet for all of the political controversy surrounding the public education of immigrant children - and even though they will become a crucial component of the larger economy and society in the years to come - very little is in fact known about their educational progress and adaptation patterns to date. The import of the course of the adaptation of this new second generation goes far beyond its immediate impacts on school systems, state budgets, and fiscal policies. It will ultimately be the measure by which the long-term national consequences of the present wave of immigration are gauged. This chapter aims to contribute to the development of that knowledge base and to review current research findings about immigrant students in California public schools. It is organized in five parts. First, census data on the size, national origins, and socioeconomic characteristics of the foreign-born population are presented to document the current diversity and its concentration in California. This is followed by a profile of both LEP (Limited English Proficient) and FEP (Fluent English Proficient) language-minority students enrolled statewide in K-12 public schools in California. Next I report results from two new comparative research studies of the educational performance of children of immigrants in San Diego schools (including dropout rates, GPAs, achievement test scores, and educational aspirations), focusing on the largest groups: Mexicans, Filipinos, Vietnamese, Laotians, Cambodians, and East Asian-origin groups. Finally, the findings of four case studies of the adaptation of immigrant high school students in different parts of California are discussed, focusing on Southeast Asians, Punjabi Sikhs from India, Mexicans, and Central Americans.	cc/2019-30/en_head_0043.json.gz/line2279
__label__cc	0.73901	0.26099	Extracellular creatine (creatine outside of a cell) appears to influence creatine uptake into a cell. It seems that prolonged and excessive levels of creatine actually suppress uptake (a form of negative regulation to prevent excessive influx).[180] In vitro studies in rat muscle cells have shown that including 1mM creatine into cell culture medium substantially reduces creatine uptake into cells. The inhibitory effect was partially negated by protein synthesis inhibitors, suggesting that high levels of creatine induce the expression of a protein that suppresses creatine transporter activity.[180] Similar findings were reported in a later study in cultured mouse myoblasts, which noted a 2.4-fold increase in intracellular creatine levels in the presence of the protein synthesis inhibitor cyclohexamide.[174] Over time, we naturally lose muscle mass in a process called sarcopenia. On average, men lose about 30% of their muscle mass during their lives. Usually, this begins in your 30s and progresses slowly as you age. But, don’t despair. You can rebuild and maintain muscle mass even as you age. Often, diet and exercise are enough. But, sometimes, if the above hormones play a role, your doctor may recommend medications and additional treatments (4). In October 1994, the Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act (DSHEA) was signed into law in the USA. Under DSHEA, responsibility for determining the safety of the dietary supplements changed from government to the manufacturer and supplements no longer required approval from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) before distributing product. Since that time manufacturers did not have to provide FDA with the evidence to substantiate safety or effectiveness unless a new dietary ingredient was added. It is widely believed that the 1994 DSHEA further consolidated the position of the supplement industry and lead to additional product sales.[6] Dymatize Nutrition maximizes the benefits of protein in ISO-100 through its use of hydrolyzed 100% whey protein isolate. Designed to increase the absorption of protein, this fast-acting protein provides 25 grams of protein and 5.5 grams of BCAAs per serving, with no gluten or lactose. With a formula that aids in the instantaneous delivery of effective and advanced protein forms straight to the muscle, ISO-100 is able to repair and build muscle faster, resulting in the ability to reach fitness goals sooner rather than later. Keep Reading » In patients with DM1 given a short loading phase (10.6g for ten days) followed by a 5.3g maintenance for the remainder of an 8-week trial noted that supplementation resulted in a minor improvement in strength (statistical significance only occurred since placebo deteriorated) and no significant difference was noted in self-reported perceived benefits.[565] Maintaining a 5g dosage for four months also failed to significantly improve physical performance (handgrip strength and functional tests) in people with DM1, possible related to a failure to increase muscular phosphocreatine concentrations.[566] A typical creatine supplementation protocol consists of a loading phase of 20 g CM/d or 0.3 g CM/kg/d split into 4 daily intakes of 5 g each, followed by a maintenance phase of 3-5 g CM/d or 0.03 g CM/kg/d for the duration of the supplementation period [5]. Other supplementation protocols are also used such as a daily single dose of around 3 – 6 g or between 0.03 to 0.1 g/kg/d [15,55] however this method takes longer (between 21 to 28 days) to produce ergogenic effects [5]. Sale et al [56] found that a moderate protocol consisting of 20 g CM taken in 1g doses (evenly ingested at 30-min intervals) for 5 days resulted in reduced urinary creatine and methylamine excretion, leading to an estimated increase in whole body retention of creatine (+13%) when compared with a typical loading supplementation protocol of 4 x 5 g/d during 5 days (evenly ingested at 3 hour intervals). This enhancement in creatine retention would lead to a significantly higher weight gain when people follow a moderate protocol ingestion of several doses of small amounts of CM evenly spread along the day. Creatine monohydrate is the most common form of creatine, and if not otherwise mentioned is the default form of creatine used in most studies on creatine.[64] It has fairly decent intestinal absorption[65][12] (covered more in depth in the pharmacology section) and is the standard form or “reference” form of creatine, which all other variants are pitted against. When looking specifically at human studies, there has been a failure of creatine supplementation to induce or exacerbate kidney damage in people with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Subjects do not experience kidney damage for up to or over a year’s worth of supplementation in the 5-10g range.[505][506][507] Postmenopausal women,[517] people with type II diabetes,[518] people on hemodialysis,[313] otherwise healthy elderly,[519] young people,[454][520][521] and athletes do not experience kidney damage either.[324] Moreover, numerous scientific reviews on both the long- and short-term safety of supplemental creatine have consistently found no adverse effects on kidney function in a wide range of doses.[522][523][524][452][525][451][526][527] However, while doses >10 g/day have been found not to impair kidney function, there are fewer long-term trials using such high chronic daily intakes.[527] However, if you increase the demands you are placing on your body by increasing the weight being lifted, lifting the same weight for additional reps, or just doing something that increases the demands that your body needs to meet, then your body will have no other choice but to make the changes and improvements necessary for it to adapt to this environment and remain capable of performing these tasks. One rat study that compared male and female rats and used a forced swim test (as a measure of serotonergic activity of anti-depressants[227]) found that a sexual dimorphism existed, and females exerted a serotonin-mediated anti-depressant response while male rats did not.[228] It appears that these anti-depressive effects are mediated via the 5-HT1A subset of serotonin receptors, as the antidepressant effects can be abolished by 5-HT1A inhibitors.[229] Endogenous serum or plasma creatine concentrations in healthy adults are normally in a range of 2–12 mg/L. A single 5 g (5000 mg) oral dose in healthy adults results in a peak plasma creatine level of approximately 120 mg/L at 1–2 hours post-ingestion. Creatine has a fairly short elimination half-life, averaging just less than 3 hours, so to maintain an elevated plasma level it would be necessary to take small oral doses every 3–6 hours throughout the day. After the "loading dose" period (1–2 weeks, 12–24 g a day), it is no longer necessary to maintain a consistently high serum level of creatine. As with most supplements, each person has their own genetic "preset" amount of creatine they can hold. The rest is eliminated as waste. A typical post-loading dose is 2–5 g daily.[52][53][54] Furthermore, because creatine can help restore ATP levels, increasing energy, it can lead to reduced amounts of heart muscle stress. More energy in your life will result in less pain, stress, and boost morale in everyday life which has a significant role in improving heart health. The increased capacity to exercise is also crucial in maintaining and improving heart health. The best way to know the real progress you’re making is by recording it on video or taking photos. “Photos mean everything because if you can take them in the same areas and in the same poses, you’ll see your strengths and weaknesses clearly,” says Heath. “Revise your training and diet programs to eliminate weaknesses.” Keep a file of your progress to see just how far you can take your fitness. No need to worry! This myth that caffeine counteracts creatine came from the simple, but wrong logic that because caffeine accelerates the nervous system and uses more water, it would counteract creatine because creatine helps your body retain water. While both of these statements are true, it does not mean they “cancel” eachother out, all that it means is that your body will be able to stay hydrated longer if you are taking creatine and caffeine opposed to just taking caffeine. This cellular influx may also decrease protein oxidation rates, which leads to increases in nitrogen balance and indirectly increases muscle mass.[379] This lowering of protein oxidation is from signaling changes caused vicariously through cell swelling[380][381] and appears to upregulate 216 genes[378] in a range of 1.3 to 5-fold increases, with the largest increase seen in the protein involved in satellite cell recruitment, sphingosine kinase-1. Most importantly for muscle hypertrophy, the protein content of PKBa/Akt1, p38 MAPK, and ERK6 increased 2.8+/-1.2 fold.[378] Sixty-nine genes are also downregulated after creatine supplementation, to less notable degrees. Intensive weight training causes micro-tears to the muscles being trained; this is generally known as microtrauma. These micro-tears in the muscle contribute to the soreness felt after exercise, called delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS). It is the repair of these micro-traumas that results in muscle growth. Normally, this soreness becomes most apparent a day or two after a workout. However, as muscles become adapted to the exercises, soreness tends to decrease.[22] Bottom Line: Con-Cret is one of the best creatine HCI products available. Its unique use of creatine HCI allow it to offer all the great benefits of creatine, without the bloating and water retention that creatine monohydrate sometimes causes – making Con-Cret a good creatine to take if you’re concerned about the potential for bloating with other products. But one question has repeatedly popped up: When is the best time to take creatine? Recent research has suggested that there might be an ideal time. That’s when I decided to speak with the supplement experts at Examine.com. For those of you who don’t know, they have created the world’s largest database of facts about supplements. No marketing BS. Just a bunch of Ph.D’s, PharmD’s, and biomedical researchers who are obsessed with sharing the truth. Their Supplement Guide is the best thing written about supplements since…well…ever. If you’ve ever had a question it’s pack with research and fact-based information to help you make healthier supplement choices. Parashos, S. A., Swearingen, C. J., Biglan, K. M., Bodis-Wollner, I., Liang, G. S., Ross, G. W., Tilley, B. C., and Shulman, L. M. Determinants of the timing of symptomatic treatment in early Parkinson disease: The National Institutes of Health Exploratory Trials in Parkinson Disease (NET-PD) Experience. Arch Neurol. 2009;66:1099-1104. View abstract. Build an effective exercise routine. A good diet is required for your body to be able to maximize your potential, but there's no potential at all until you start the process of tearing down your old muscles and rebuilding them bigger, bulkier, and stronger. The best way to do that is to start at the beginning. If you're not sure where to begin, find a solid workout program online and try it out for a while. Don't immediately jump from one program to the next - you'll end up keeping yourself from making steady progress. Another study demonstrated that females receiving 4 days of high-dose creatine intake (20 g/day) followed by low-dose creatine intake (5 g/day) during 10 weeks of resistance training (3hours/week) increased muscle PCr concentrations by 6%. Also, maximal strength of the muscle groups trained increased by 20-25%, maximal intermittent exercise capacity of the arm flexors increased by 10-25% and fat-free mass increased by 60% [11].	cc/2019-30/en_head_0043.json.gz/line2282
__label__cc	0.552913	0.447087	Title: The Seed of Yggdrasil: Deciphering the Hidden Messages in Old Norse Myths Publisher: Whyte Tracks Author: Maria Kvilhaug Maria Kvilhaug is also known online as “The Lady of the Labyrinth.” Interpreting various aspects of heathen mythology is her life’s work, beginning with her Master’s thesis, “The Maiden with the Mead,” which has become well known in the online heathen community, and which is included as Chapter 3 in this book. The Seed of Yggdrasil is a very long book, and it could be intimidating for a beginner. It is written at a college reading level. Even advanced readers may find it easier to digest in small bites, because it’s very rich in ideas. Fortunately, it is organized in convenient bite-sized subjects with subheadings within each chapter. (An eARC was provided to me by the publisher, Whyte Tracks.) In the introduction, Kvilhaug writes that she became interested in interpreting this mythology when she read the stories in English and realized that the standard translations were missing some information that made the stories more easily understood as parables, because the names have meanings which elucidate the metaphoric elements of the plots. I relate to this, because I had a similar moment of revelation reading a Russian novel in English in high school and realizing that I was the only one there who was reading not ‘character x lost his girlfriend’ but ‘Everyman lost his Faith.’ This is a good way to start a book that is a compendium of academic papers, because it gives the reader a sense of who the author is and what her agenda might be. I usually go chapter by chapter through the books I review and write detailed reactions to each one, but this is one of those longer works that I will have to just sample in detail in my review, provide general impressions of the rest, and conclude with an overall review of the whole work, because otherwise I’ll end up with a book length review. So, in the interests of brevity, I will only review chapter one in detail. The author starts off by recounting the story of how the world came to have the Poetic Edda, and then summarizing some of its myths and glossing their meanings. Most of the interpretations are not controversial, although there are a few which are not the standard interpretation. For example, she indicates that in Skirnismal, Gerdr could be the same being as Freya. The next story summarized is Lokasenna. After the author’s unique take on Skirnismal, it was disappointing that she went with the interpretation of Lokasenna which accepts Snorri’s explanation in the prose addition he appended to the end of the poem, in which he says Loki was bound in punishment for the death of Baldur. (Later in the book, the author recounts the alternate versions of the story of Baldur in which Loki played no part, and goes into why the stories of the gods do not have a linear storyline with each other and do not require a cause.) Reading the various plot summaries of the myths with the names translated does add to the reader’s understanding of the myths, just as the introduction promised. The meaning of names as a way to illuminate the meaning of a story is a trail I was already on myself, but I was hacking a path with a dull machete, not being a fluent speaker of any of the ancient languages. In reading this book, my path converged on a broad road dug with professional earth-moving equipment. The way forward was not just blazed, but paved, and dotted with road signs. The author goes on to write more about Snorri and the Eddas. This section contains a detail that intrigues me because it is simultaneously about words, magic, and the world-view on gender which historical heathens had: that the name Gylfi means a sorcerer who changes into a woman every 9th night. (Later in the book, when examining the story of King Gylfi, Kvilhaug points out that Gylfi is also a name of Odin, so the story could be interpreted as Odin asking himself King Gylfi’s questions in his effort to become wise.) The summaries and commentary on the Eddas are fairly mainstream interpretations among heathens. To what extent this is because the author’s academic papers and blogging have already shaped public opinion among fellow heathens, I do not know. I think it’s likely that at least part of the consensus on these topics is due to the influence of Kvilhaug’s popular internet presence. (I had a moment of humor when I ran across a spellcheck fail on page 31, asserting “pagan practices had been demonetized.” I usually ignore typos in eARCs because I know that ARCs and eARCS are created before final copyediting, but that one just struck me as funny and as oddly apropos.) The author begins a section about names by acknowledging that some of her interpretations are nonstandard. For example, she translates the name Gullveig as “Gold Power Drink.” This translation makes more sense than the more usual “Greedy for Gold,” because “Gold Power Drink” is an obvious metaphor. If one’s crossword puzzle clue were “gold power drink” the answer would be “mead.” This hooks the name and story of Gullveig into Kvilhaug’s “maiden with the mead” construction. The section “truth or fiction?” made me go into editor mode and try to rephrase it to make it easier to understand. The author was trying to express that the myths can be about real gods and yet also be about story characters that represent things at the same time. In the next section, she asks the question, “Do the myths represent common beliefs, or the beliefs of spiritual elites?” The author states her preference for pantheism over polytheism. She proposes a hierarchy with polytheists at the bottom as laypeople, priests in the middle, and pantheist mystics on top as elites. This struck me as insulting toward polytheists. I wondered if this were an artifact of academic writing, as the intended audience was not fellow heathens and pagans but Christians and atheists to whom she felt a need to justify heathenry as civilized and not savage. But later in the book there turned out to be little digs against polytheists sprinkled into the informal writing about her experiences as well as the academic writing. The author’s version of pantheism — the proposal that some goddesses and other female entities are all the same being — is central to her argument that the “maiden with the mead” is a universal figure in heathen mythology. If you’re a polytheist, try to hold your nose and read this book anyway, because there is a ton of stuff to learn here. The last section in Chapter 1 is about gender. It’s also the introduction to Kvilhaug’s “formulas,” by which she means a specific type of symbol involving the appearance of characters in mythology along with other characters. She proposes that a married couple represents a permanent union between virtues, lovers represent a temporary union, parents represent the cause of something, and offspring represent the results. It’s an interesting new idea. The author promises to explore these formulas throughout the book when analyzing various stories and topics, and she delivers on that promise later in the book. The section on gender roles is an excellent summary of Viking Age attitudes toward gender in all its permutations. The ancient heathens constructed their ideas about gender, gender roles, and sexuality differently than we do today, and also very differently than the post-conversion Christian society that immediately followed Viking Age heathenry. The author’s speculations on prehistoric gender roles dovetail with those of other modern scholars of heathenry, as do Kvilhaug’s explanations of life for women in historic heathen societies. Further subsections in the section on gender deal with traits associated with masculinity or femininity in heathen literature, poetic ways of referencing men and women, et cetera. Kvilhaug confirms what modern heathens say about historical heathen women having great economic power. For example, she writes that women wore keys that both functioned as literal keys to their estates and as symbols of their ownership of their estates. This is similar to what I wrote in my beginner’s book, because it’s a detail that is important to modern heathens, although often overlooked by mainstream scholars. It is validating to find these types of details which are important to heathens in a noted work of scholarship. General Impressions of Further Chapters Chapter 2 starts off with an overview of scientific knowledge that ancient people had which modern people don’t know they had. The author then proceeds to relate the pagan origin story and other myths to scientific knowledge about nature. As with the detail about women’s economic power, this section agrees with my own work. I love the translations of the poetry. It’s especially nice to have them side by side with the original. There is an excellent account of women’s mysteries, not just the usual presentation of actual rituals but also filling in the context of change over time in the culture, including the time period after the official conversion to Christianity, where most heathen histories end. The side by side translations of the creation stories are especially nice, as they reveal metaphors of nature and science. Like me, Kvilhaug sees the big bang in the heathen creation myth. Her translation of the name of the primal being Ymir as “Sound” helps make sense of the nature analogies in the poetry. Although the author appears to have exhaustive knowledge in the areas of heathen literature that are her particular interest, when she writes about bersarkrgangr she does not seem to be as familiar with the range of current scholarship on that topic as she is on topics relating to mead, feminine powers, and initiation motifs. She mentions only one possible method a berserker might use to enter bersarkrgangr, and it is the mushroom thing, although she does state that the mushroom method is only a rumor, not an accepted fact. Kvilhaug compares various gods and goddesses and their stories and relationships from the perspective that many of the gods are the same god and many of the goddesses are the same goddess. She details each one as a nature metaphor with her proposed structure of parent as cause and child as result, and male as knowable and seen and female as unknowable and unseen. She also details patterns of symbols relating to a sun goddess and moon god, and other sets of symbols. Kvilhaug has an unconventional take on who Sif is and what part of nature she represents. The details are interesting even to those who want to stick with the usual wheat-harvest interpretation. The various chapters are packed with details about their subjects. The ideas are sometimes surprising, whether the author is presenting her own novel thoughts or discussing others’ theories with which she agrees or disagrees. The translations of names remain a source of new insights throughout the book. Individual topics within the chapters are well marked and usually only a few pages long, so this book can be read a little at a time, and the reader can read one idea completely in a short time. A reader can learn a lot from this book. Even if one disagrees with some of her points, for example conflating Aegir with Njord because they are both sea gods, one can still learn and appreciate other points and details. The comparative mythology is especially intriguing; like many heathens, I have studied heathen lore but not a lot of the mythology of other Indo-European cultures. For example, the motif of the Clashing Rocks provides new insights for those who have not studied other mythologies. This book has influenced my own work during the months I was reading it. I already found myself citing it before I had even finished reading it. It is no doubt destined to be influential. The section on the Disir and Dhisanas reminded me of Beth Wodanis’s blog post “My Odin, and Other People’s Odins” in which she proposed that each person’s personal Odin is a distinct entity, not interchangeable with anyone else’s personal Odin, even though they are all ultimately Odin. This idea has spread in heathen and pagan communities because it explains people’s personal experiences which otherwise did not make sense. In this section on the Dhisanas, which are entities in Hinduism, it is revealed that this is not a new idea after all, but a very old one, written in the Vedas. I’m continually struck by new ideas and insights as I read this. Kvilhaug writes that the Valknut in the most famous of its ancient depictions is being generated by the third eyes of a sacrificer and the sacrificed. When I looked at it again, I saw it. Also I saw what she did not say, but only implied: two of the triangles came out of third eyes, and the third one interlocked between them, and that was the magic that came from the sacrifice ritual. The third triangle only manifests when the first two are functioning together, and this tracks perfectly with my novel-gnosis that Honir manifests as a third brother when Odin and Loki/Lodhur are working together, forming a trinity. Each time I have one of these epiphanies I have to stop reading for a while and digest it. This book takes a long time to read for that reason. Although this is an excellent book, it isn’t perfect; a minor issue is that some of the illustrations are hard to read on my Kindle. One might think that in a book this size, none of the points would need more explanation, but there were a couple of translations that I would have liked to hear more about. The word “tyr” is usually translated as “god,” for example, “sword-tyr” would be translated as “sword-god.” Kvilhaug sometimes translates it that way, but in other places translates it as “animal” or “beast.” I wonder if by “animal” she meant “animate being.” If the word really meant “animate being” it could be translated as both “god” and “beast” and still be basically the same concept, but she did not explain why she translated it that way. Another point where Kvilhaug’s translation differed from the standard translation was in translating the word “fetr” as “armor” instead of “fetter.” Because “fetr” is used as a word meaning “god,” such that the plural would be translated “the gods” or “the powers,” Kvilhaug’s translation makes much more sense to me than the standard one, but again, she does not explain why she translates it differently than other translators. I disagree with Kvilhaug’s opinion that Hel the being could not really be Loki’s daughter because the realm of Hel existed before the universe. Hel the being could have come to rule the realm after it already existed. Also, the concepts of “before” and “after” are dependent on the experience of linear time. The story of the beginning of our universe includes a story about how time came to be, symbolized by the first day and night and the first cycles of the sun and moon. Kvilhaug herself states that Hel rules over realms where the inhabitants experience death, and not over realms where the inhabitants are immortal. So, Hel is not only the queen of the realm of the dead, but she is herself Death. If Hel the being is Death, then she is a being that can only exist in a universe where linear time exists. Because we can only move forward in time, we can experience death as a permanent transition (aside from such concepts as afterlife, reincarnation, or magically assisted temporary resurrection, as portrayed in stories). Time has to come into existence before Death, because the end of a linear existence is a function of a three-dimensional life within the space-time continuum. So, Hel must be Death, and she must have come into existence after Time, and that was after the universe as we know it was formed. Loki is the same being as Lodhur, one of the Odin brothers who shaped the world, so he existed during the early universe when the world we know was being shaped. So, I see no reason Hel the being could not have been born well after our world was sculpted, despite her realm being a holdover from a previous universe. This book provided insight for interpreting some of my own gnosis. I used the name translations to help me understand some things I had experienced. I came to a better understanding of some of my favorite passages in the lore. For example, after reading so many references to wind as a metaphor for death, when the author got to Odin’s initiation on the tree I realized what the reference “wind-swept tree” must mean even before reading Kvilhaug’s explanation. Having a new insight about a passage that I had memorized for decades was astonishing. The chapter on Thor concludes with the author’s two visions of Thor. The stories were exciting like an adventure, and revealed truths that the reader can recognize as such. I was surprised and delighted to find gnosis in what was otherwise mostly an academic work. I also enjoyed reading her vision of Freya in the chapter on the Great Goddess. The gnosis is in the section which is transcripts of videos. This section is less academic than the other sections, and covers some of the same ground as earlier sections, however, they transcripts are still worth reading. There were especially noteworthy interpretations in the one on Heimdall. The one comparing some aspects of heathen mythology to the writings of Carlos Casteneda was a bit eyebrow-raising. It had some interesting ideas in it, though. This book will provide you with many hundreds of hours of interesting reading. It is thought-provoking, and an important expansion on Kvilhaug’s influential thesis. It’s a slow read, not only because it’s over 700 pages long but also because there’s no padding in it. Each sentence presents an important part of the total case for its chapter’s premise. A reader won’t get as much out of it by skimming as by careful reading with pauses for thought. This book has sparked discussion, plans for future papers, and greater understanding of both lore and experience. The previously published chapter, “Maiden with the Mead,” was already influential, and the full book will undoubtedly be even more so. This is an important work elucidating aspects of heathenry that previous scholarship did not reveal. It is sure to become a must-read classic for all scholars of heathenry, both among heathens and among academics. The Seed of Yggdrasil is the most important academic book of the decade on its subject, and it belongs in every academic library. [Reviewed by Erin Lale.]	cc/2019-30/en_head_0043.json.gz/line2284
__label__wiki	0.816056	0.816056	CSI Westminster: Forensics at WorldSkills Billy Camden Sun 12th Jun 2016, 13.00 Some of the country’s most talented students in more than 50 different disciplines are currently battling it out for a place in the WorldSkills UK national finals. Reporter Billy Camden went along to a regional heat that could have been mistaken for a scene from the US TV series CSI. An ominous looking sign marked ‘Police’ is stuck to the door of a forensic science laboratory at City of Westminster College — and a crowd of nervous-looking staff and students are gathered inside. But fortunately no-one has committed a murder or attempted an armed robbery. Instead, 21 competitors from London colleges — City of Westminster, Croydon, and City and Islington — have been tasked with searching for traces of blood and fingerprints in one of seven regional heats for the WorldSkills UK national championship in forensic science. The competition was designed to put a “professional spin” on what students learn at college, preparing them for what life is actually like in the field. Gary Howard, managing director at Complete Forensics, the skills competition organiser who works with sponsor Cellmark Forensics to run the activity, explained that, for example, competitors were “given a set of exhibits to search through from the theft of a motor vehicle”. They had to assess those exhibits and “see if they were packaged suitably, if they needed repackaging, and what further forensic testing could be completed on them”. Renal Stewart takes notes on his findings from the pieces of evidence One of the competitors, Alexandra Morar, aged 17, from City of Westminster College, told FE Week: “We are putting our knowledge from the classroom into reality. When you watch CSI, it is a lot different to what it is in real life, so it is good to get the opportunity to try it here.” Another, Eden McWilliams, 18, from Croydon College, added: “I think it would be awesome to take part in the nationals going up against other students from across the country.” Everyone was given an hour-and-a-half to examine 10 exhibits. They had to look for correct packaging, correct use of chemical treatments, and fingerprint powders. Competitors then identified any exhibit that needed to be sent forward for DNA or other analysis, before taking the evidence over to a forensic laboratory. The yet-to-be confirmed winners, those who scored the most points, will compete in the national finals. Renal Stewart, 17, from Croydon College, said: “For me this was a real step up compared to our college work. I’m feeling confident but don’t want to get my hopes up too much.” WorldSkills regional heats are held between April and August, and see more than 2,000 learners and apprentices compete in 57 different disciplines. The eight highest-scoring competitors from each skill are then invited to compete in the national finals taking place at the Skills Show, from November 17 to 19, at the NEC in Birmingham. Of the 57 skills, 35 are eligible for WorldSkills Kazan 2019. The forensic science discipline is not taken to the world stage — Mr Howard said competing in the national qualifiers and finals would be hugely beneficial for wannabe scientists. He said: “Taking part adds something extra to their CV. It says ‘I’ve put myself forward and I’m not scared to get outside of the box’. “The process helps them mature as students as well. Employers are now looking at the competition because they know it is challenging and supported by the industry.” Main picture: From left: Renal Stewart, aged 17, Eden McWilliams, 18, Karolina Bugajska, 18, and Alexandra Morar, 17, at the forensic science national qualifier at City of Westminster College MOVERS AND SHAKERS: EDITION 287	cc/2019-30/en_head_0043.json.gz/line2288
__label__wiki	0.526951	0.526951	Former state school employee Locascio paid in $15K to teachers' pension fund, could collect $317K in retirement by Local Labs News Service \| Sep 1, 2017 Former state school employee Jane Locascio, who retired in August 2017, saved $15,325 toward a pension over 2 years working for public schools, Teachers' Retirement System of the State of Illinois records show. Parkhurst hosting self-defense class for women, girls in Kankakee by April Bamburg \| Sep 4, 2017 Women and girls over age 12 are being invited to learn about self-defense, including techniques like avoidance, taking offensive actions and defensive escapes, in a free workshop hosted by Rep. Lindsay Parkhurst (R-Kankakee) and One Light Self Defense on Sept. 29, according to a press release. Coal City Planning and Zoning Board will meet September 5. by Angelica Saylo Pilo \| Sep 4, 2017 Coal City Planning and Zoning Board will meet at 7 p.m. Tuesday, Sept. 5. Village of Oswego Planning and Zoning Commission will meet September 7. Village of Oswego Planning and Zoning Commission will meet at 7 p.m. Thursday, Sept. 7. Kaneland Community Unit School District 302 Board met August 28. Kaneland Community Unit School District 302 Board met at 7 p.m. Monday, Aug. 28. United City of Yorkville City Council will meet Sept. 5. United City of Yorkville City Council will meet at 5:45 p.m. Tuesday, Sept. 5. Plano Community Unit School District 88 Board met August 7. Plano Community Unit School District 88 Board met at 6 p.m. Monday, Aug. 7. The Village of Channahon Committee of the Whole met August 7. The Village of Channahon Committee of the Whole met at 6 p.m. Monday, Aug. 7. The Village of Channahon Committee of the Whole will meet September 5. The Village of Channahon Committee of the Whole will meet at 6 p.m. Tuesday, Sept. 5. County of Kendall Human Resources Committee met August 7. County of Kendall Human Resources Committee met at 5:30 p.m. Monday, Aug. 7. Kendall County Board will meet September 6. Kendall County Board will meet at 6 p.m. Wednesday, Sept. 6. City of Kankakee City Council met August 7. City of Kankakee City Council met at 7 p.m. Monday, Aug. 7. Kendall County Admin HR Committee will meet September 7. Kendall County Admin HR Committee will meet at 8:30 a.m. Thursday, Sept. 7. Will County Public Health & Safety Committee will meet September 7. Will County Public Health & Safety Committee will meet at 9 a.m. Thursday, Sept. 7. Village of Coal City Planning and Zoning Board met August 7. Village of Coal City Planning and Zoning Board met at 7 p.m. Monday, Aug. 7. City of Kankakee City Council will meet September 5. City of Kankakee City Council will meet at 5 p.m. Tuesday, Sept. 5. Grundy Reporter Athletes in Action, Football: Sept. 3 - Sept. 9 Athletes in Action tracks players with ties to communities within the Grundy Reporter coverage area as they compete at the collegiate level. The following football players will compete during the week of Sept. 3 to Sept. 9. The City of Momence Water and Sewer Committee met September 5. The City of Momence Water and Sewer Committee met at 6:45 p.m. Tuesday, Sept. 5. Coal City Community District No. 1 Board met September 6. Coal City Community District No. 1 Board met at 6 p.m. Wednesday, Sept. 6. Village of Bourbonnais Village Board met September 5. by Lhalie Castillo \| Sep 6, 2017 Village of Bourbonnais Village Board met at 5:30 p.m. Tuesday, September 5.	cc/2019-30/en_head_0043.json.gz/line2296
__label__wiki	0.822554	0.822554	Magic Sword [[Capcom]][[Category:Capcom]] 8-way Joystick, 2 Buttons Arcade, SNES, Playstation 2, Playstation Portable, XBOX, Xbox Live Arcade and PlayStation Network Main Credits [[Yoshimi Ohnishi Tomoshi Sadamoto Yoshiki Okamoto]] [[Manami Matsumae]] Magic Sword (マジックソード?), fully titled as Magic Sword - Heroic Fantasy, is a side-scrolling fantasy arcade game released by Capcom in 1990. The game casts the player as a hero who must fight his way through a mystical tower in order to save the world. The player can use a sword, axe, or magic, and can also rescue and recruit potential allies of various character classes, each of which has his or her own special abilities. 2.1 Allies Story[edit \| edit source] Magic Sword takes place in an unnamed world, which is being threatened by the dark lord Drokmar, who has control over an evil crystal known as the “Black Orb”, which would allow him to rule over the world. In order to prevent this from happening, the hero, known as the Brave One, must scale to the top of the 50-floor tower in which Drokmar resides, known as Dragon Keep.[1] At the game’s end, when Drokmar is defeated, the player has the option of two endings, either to destroy the Black Orb, or to take control of it, becoming the new dark lord. Characters[edit \| edit source] Aside from Drokmar, none of the characters in Magic Sword have specified names, being referred to instead by a description. The protagonist is simply a barbarian referred to in the manual as “The Brave One”. In the arcade version, there is the option for a second player. While the Brave One wielded a sword and shield, the secondary player would carry an axe. This secondary character was also nameless, and is not presented in the game’s official advertisements.[2] Allies[edit \| edit source] There are eight potential allies in Magic Sword. They are hidden throughout the tower, and need to be saved before they can assist the Brave One. While the player is able to switch allies at any time, he may only have one assisting him at any moment, and is not able to control the ally (except that the ally will only attack when the player does). Allies increase in power when they spend time with the Brave One, specifically collecting a Red Heart item or rescuing and selecting the same ally.[3] The main core of the gameplay is side-scrolling fighting, with some platforming elements. The player controls only the main character; all of the allies are controlled by the computer, who follow the player diligently and only attack when the player does. AI assisting characters can be switched to fit the situation or player preference. There are 51 floors to fight through in the game. Eight of these floors has a boss character at the end, including Drokmar himself at the end of the 50th floor. Additionally, there are seven "Secret Doors" which allows the player to bypass levels when he performs specific maneuvers. Ports[edit \| edit source] A single player-only port was released for the Super NES in 1992,[4] and for mobile phones in 2008.[5] The full arcade version is included in Capcom Classics Collection Remixed for PlayStation Portable and Capcom Classics Collection Vol. 2 for PlayStation 2 and Xbox. The arcade version was also released alongside Final Fight in a two-in-one bundle titled Final Fight: Double Impact for Xbox Live Arcade and PlayStation Network. It was released on April 14, 2010 for Xbox Live Arcade for 800 Microsoft points and April 15, 2010 for PlayStation Network for $9.99.[6] ↑ Magic Sword - Coin-Op Arcade Game - Review. Retrieved on 2009-11-16 ↑ The Arcade Flyer Archive - Video Game: Magic Sword, Capcom [Inside of Flyer, Page 1]. Retrieved on 2009-11-18 ↑ Magic Sword Release Information for SNES - GameFAQs. Retrieved on 2009-11-14 ↑ Magic Sword review. Retrieved on 2009-11-14 ↑ Joystiq - Capcom porting Final Fight and Magic Sword to Xbox Live Arcade and PlayStation Network.. Retrieved from "https://gamicus.gamepedia.com/index.php?title=Magic_Sword&oldid=129318" Articles that use obsolete variables Capcom games Fantasy video games	cc/2019-30/en_head_0043.json.gz/line2300
__label__wiki	0.954346	0.954346	Final Fantasy X/X-2 HD Remaster Review Simply beautiful. Posted By Will Borger \| On 10th, Mar. 2014 Under Article, Reviews \| Follow This Author @will_borger A small group of people sits around a campfire on the outskirts of a ruined city, their weapons planted in the ground nearby. One of the men stretches, rises, and begins to move away from the others. The woman next to him looks up from where she sits, as though she’s wondering where he’s going. He places a hand on her shoulder, and she closes her eyes. A moment later, he’s on the move again. He slowly climbs the hill next to their camp, his eyes always on the once great city before him. When he reaches the top, he stops, and simply stares at it. A number of emotions play over his face, but he doesn’t look away. Finally, he speaks. “Listen to my story. This may be our last chance.” Those were the first lines ever voiced in a Final Fantasy title. Of course, the man in question is Tidus, the woman Yuna, and the game Final Fantasy X. Final Fantasy X was a game full of firsts, really. It was the first game in the series to feature voice-overs. It was the first Final Fantasy game on Sony’s PlayStation 2, the first to drop pre-rendered backgrounds for completely three-dimensional areas, and the first without an overworld map for the player to traverse. It would also go on to be the first Final Fantasy title to ever receive a direct sequel. Like many others, it was my first Final Fantasy, as I never had a PlayStation, and as anyone who has ever played a game in the series will tell you, you never forget your first. "Over a decade later, it remains one of the most popular and well-received games in the franchise, and its opening has become one of the most iconic in RPGs, if not video games as a whole. It was, in many ways, one of the defining games of its generation, and one of the jewels in the PlayStation 2’s enormous crown." Yes, Final Fantasy X marked a lot of firsts for the series, but in many ways, it was also the beginning of the end of Final Fantasy, and Square, as we knew them at that point. It was the last singleplayer game in the main series to be released before Square’s merger with Enix. It was one of the last to feature the involvement of series creator Hironobu Sakaguchi. It was the last time that Final Fantasy was solely a singleplayer franchise, and that last time that the game would allow you to name the main character outside of an MMO. Many consider it to be the last “true” Final Fantasy title, and many others would also argue that it’s the last time the series produced anything worthwhile. Despite all of that, however, Final Fantasy X endures. Over a decade later, it remains one of the most popular and well-received games in the franchise, and its opening has become one of the most iconic in RPGs, if not video games as a whole. It was, in many ways, one of the defining games of its generation, and one of the jewels in the PlayStation 2’s enormous crown. Given Square’s penchant for remaking and rereleasing older games in the franchise, a rerelease of FFX was inevitable, but to call Final Fantasy X/X-2 HD Remaster a rerelease doesn’t quite do justice to the work that Square has done here. "Final Fantasy X benefits the most from the additional content. By far the biggest change is the option to use the Expert Sphere Grid, which starts all of the characters in the middle of the grid instead of in their own separate sections. This allows players to completely customize their characters without the restrictions of the Standard Sphere Grid, though it should be noted that the standard grid is still available for those who want it." As the title implies, the collection is an HD remastering of Final Fantasy X and its sequel, but Square didn’t just slap some fancy HD paint on these titles and call it a day. The collection on display is expansive. It includes the International versions of both X and X-2, which were previously exclusive to Europe and Japan, as well as Final Fantasy X: Eternal Calm and Final Fantasy X-2: Last Mission. Both of these were included in previous release of the International versions, but, like the International editions themselves, were never released in North America. Obviously, North American gamers will get the most out of this package, as they’ll be seeing this content for the first time, but these are far and away the definitive versions of each title. Final Fantasy X benefits the most from the additional content. By far the biggest change is the option to use the Expert Sphere Grid, which starts all of the characters in the middle of the grid instead of in their own separate sections. This allows players to completely customize their characters without the restrictions of the Standard Sphere Grid, though it should be noted that the standard grid is still available for those who want it. In addition, the International release also features the Dark Aeons and Penance, a pair of extremely difficult optional bosses for the player to battle. Final Fantasy X wasn’t short on optional content to begin with, but these are welcome additions that provide an extra wrinkle for new and old fans alike. Aside from that, however, Final Fantasy X is just like you remember. This is still the story of Tidus, Yuna, Auron, Lulu, Wakka, Kimahri and Rikku as they travel throughout the world of Spira in their quest to defeat Sin. You’ll spend most of your time traversing the game world, battling monsters, playing blitzball, riding chocobos, and watching the story unfold around you, just as you did more than ten years ago, and everything is still just as good now as it was then. The story is still entertaining and well-written, the characters are still complex and engaging, blitzball is still the best mini-game in the franchise, and Final Fantasy X still has the best implementation of turn-based combat in the Final Fantasy series. Everything is still here; it just looks a whole lot better. "A large amount of FFX’s music has been remixed and remastered, and the difference in quality is impressive. Largely, however, the game sounds the same as it always did. The soundtrack is still fantastic, the sound effects are loud and impressive, and the major characters are still very well-acted." Final Fantasy X was a beautiful game in 2001, largely thanks to its excellent art style, and the same is still true today, especially with the increased resolution. Square has done a lot of work on the game’s textures, and it shows. Everything is crisp and clear, from the environments and backgrounds to the cutscenes. The increased quality really drives home just how gorgeous Final Fantasy X was, and long time fans will appreciate the attention to detail, especially when it allows them to notice an aspect of the game they’d missed in previous releases. Character models have seen similar updates, and the main cast looks better than ever, especially their faces, which have been redone to allow for more expression. Even the minor characters, which have not seen as many upgrades, benefit greatly from the increased resolution. Of course, this is still a PlayStation 2 game at its core, and aspects of that still linger. You’ll occasionally see a 2D crowd in Luca’s blitzball stadium and, despite all of the updates to the character models, hair still looks less like hair and more like something that’s been glued to everyone’s head. The pre-rendered cinematics look dated as well, though they still impress when they need to. These are relatively minor qualms, however, and by and large, everything looks very, very good. Similar attention has been paid to the game’s sound. A large amount of FFX’s music has been remixed and remastered, and the difference in quality is impressive. Largely, however, the game sounds the same as it always did. The soundtrack is still fantastic, the sound effects are loud and impressive, and the major characters are still very well-acted. The minor characters are still hit and miss, but none of this takes away from the game in a meaningful way. Simply put, Final Fantasy X has never sounded better, and that is a good, good thing. "Of course, X isn’t the only game in the package, and X-2 has seen similar upgrades. The visual updates are as impressive as those in X, with the added bonus that X-2 looked better to begin with. Unfortunately, X-2’s music hasn’t been remastered in the same way that X’s has, but everything still sounds good." The other big addition to X is Eternal Calm, a fourteen minute in-game video that bridges the gap between X and X-2. Like X, it has seen a number of visual and audio upgrades, and it looks and sounds quite nice. Most fans will probably only view it once after completing Final Fantasy X, but it does a good job of filling in the gaps between X and its sequel, and its inclusion here is greatly appreciated. Of course, X isn’t the only game in the package, and X-2 has seen similar upgrades. The visual updates are as impressive as those in X, with the added bonus that X-2 looked better to begin with. Unfortunately, X-2’s music hasn’t been remastered in the same way that X’s has, but everything still sounds good. Other than that, however, X-2 is largely the same as it was before, as the additions that the International version provides are fairly minor. You’ll get a couple of new dressspheres, as well as a Creature Creator and the Fiend Tournaments, but these don’t add much to the core game, and most players probably won’t pay much attention to them. Beyond that, however, X-2 is the same game, and it will likely be just as divisive now as it was then due to the all-female cast and its very loose relation to Final Fantasy X’s plot. Still, it’s a well-designed title with an excellent battle system and some great moments, and most fans will benefit from checking it out. If you don’t like it, however, the changes in the International version probably won’t do anything to change your mind. "Ultimately, Final Fantasy X/X-2 HD Remaster is a love letter from Square to fans of Final Fantasy X and its sequel. It’s a respectful repackaging that collects every major piece of the Final Fantasy X saga, and moves all of it to a modern console." The biggest addition to X-2’s part of the package is Last Mission, which is a standalone title that tasks Yuna and company with climbing a giant tower. The game is a drastic departure from everything else in the collection, and plays more like Square’s Chocobo Dungeon titles than a traditional Final Fantasy game. Characters move through a grid, where they’ll engage monsters, collect items, and acquire upgrades, all the while trying to reach the next floor. It’s deceptively complex, as you’ll have to manage all of your upgrades, dessspheres, and items to succeed, especially since each floor is randomly generated. Leave the tower, and you’ll have to start all over again. It’s a fairly long romp, and quite challenging, but its design will limit the game’s appeal, and only the most diehard fans will see it through to the end. The final piece of content in the collection is a thirty minute audio drama written by Kazushige Nojima, the writer of X and X-2. It plays during the credits for the Remaster, which can be accessed at any time from the main menu, as concept art from X and X-2 scrolls by on the screen. The story takes place after X-2, but it ultimately raises more questions than it answers and many fans will be annoyed by its cliffhanger ending, which seems to hint at the possibility of a Final Fantasy X-3. Still, it’s well put together and worth watching for the concept art alone, especially if you are a fan of Final Fantasy X’s visual design. Ultimately, Final Fantasy X/X-2 HD Remaster is a love letter from Square to fans of Final Fantasy X and its sequel. It’s a respectful repackaging that collects every major piece of the Final Fantasy X saga, and moves all of it to a modern console. It is, like the Kingdom Hearts collection before it, a heartfelt tribute to all that is Final Fantasy X, and amazingly, it all still works. If you’re not a fan of Final Fantasy X, this probably isn’t going to change your mind, but ultimately, this collection isn’t for those people. This is a collection for the fans, and those who have never experienced these games before, and it makes no apologies for that. It’s a collection that welcomes players new and old, and asks them to sit around a campfire, so that it can tell them a story. It may be a story you’ve heard before, or it may be one that’s completely new to you. Either way, however, you should stop and listen. The story of Tidus and Yuna may be old, but it’s definitely one worth telling, and hearing, again and this is its most beautiful version. This game was reviewed on the PlayStation 3. The International versions add a lot of content to both FFX and X-2. The remastered soundtrack is excellent. The visual upgrades are well done and add a lot to the games. Final Fantasy X and X-2 are still fantastic games. Eternal Calm and the audio drama are well produced and interesting. The audio drama raises more questions than it answers, and ends on a cliffhanger. Last Mission deviates significantly from the other games. No remastered audio for X-2. Final Fantasy X/X-2 HD Remaster is a fantastic collection that brings together two great games, and a lot of supplementary material, to create the most complete Final Fantasy X release to date. This is by far the most complete version of the Final Fantasy X saga available, and these games have never looked or sounded better. If you’re a fan of Final Fantasy X and X-2, or have never played these games before, you owe it to yourself to check this collection. A copy of this game was provided by developer/publisher for review purposes. Click here to know more about our Reviews Policy. 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__label__wiki	0.64391	0.64391	Gay Men's Book Club, Bristol Unspeakable Love: Gay and Lesbian Life in the Middle East by Brian Whitaker June 16, 2015 at 4:00 pm · Filed under U-W, U-Z (Not discussed by the group but written in a personal capacity.) Whitaker was the Middle East Editor for the Guardian from 2000 to 2007. His account is easy to read, but was also criticised by some authors as reproducing anti-Arab stereotypes. What inspired him to write this book was the now incident in 2001 when Egyptian police raided a boat on the Nile River and arrested many men. (The regime used sensational trials to divert public attention from the worsening state of the economy and similar issues. ) Both the arrest and the ensuing trials caused many lives to be ruined and attracted worldwide attention. Shortly afterwards, Whitaker met two of the men who had been closely involved in the case and they asked him to write this book. One expert reviewed asked: What about the thousands of men who marry and have sex with men on the side? The gay prostitutes on the corniches of Beirut, Aqaba, Manama, and Alexandria? Gender separation and sexism? The adopting of gender roles in the gay community? Class issues? Racial and Sunni/Shia schisms? The book says it’s about “Gay and Lesbian Life in the Middle East”, when really it only deals with politics, the media, and some insights on religion. Except for a discussion of family life, the book hardly touches on everyday gay life, at least for the majority of the people in the Middle East. When you finish the book, a lot seems to be missing. There are twenty-two countries in the Arab League (if we include) Palestine, and to try to give a country-by-country picture would be both impractical and repetitive. Instead, I wanted to highlight the issues that are faced throughout the region, to a greater or lesser degree, by Arabs whose sexuality does not fit the public concepts of ‘normal’. Most of the face-to-face research was done in Egypt and Lebanon, two countries that provide interesting contrasts. This was supplemented by a variety of other sources including news reports, correspondence by email, articles in magazines and academic journals, discussions published on websites, plus a review of the way homosexuality is treated in the Arabic media, in novels and in films. People who dismiss homosexuality as little more than an import have not read much classical Arabic or Muslim poetry or literature. Some 1,200 years before the summer of 1968 Abu Nawas — court laureate of the celebrated Caliph Harun Al-Rashid — penned hundreds of homoerotic poems. As scholars have noted, Abu Nawas’s homoerotic (mudhakkarat ) poetry was long accessible across the Arab world and it was not before 1932 that the first expurgated edition of his verse was printed in Cairo. A 17th century French visitor to the Middle East went so far as to claim that Muslims were bisexual by nature and in 1800, a European traveller to Egypt wrote: “The inconceivable inclination which has dishonoured the Greeks and Persians of antiquity constitutes the delight, or, more properly speaking the infamy of the Egyptians… the contagion has seized the poor as well as the rich.” People whose sexuality does not fit the norm have no legal rights; they are condemned to a life of secrecy, fearing exposure and sometimes blackmail; many are forced into unwanted marriages for the sake of their family’s reputation; there is no redress if they are discriminated against; and agencies providing advice on sexuality and related health matters are virtually non-existent…. Although it is generally accepted in many parts of the world that sexual orientation is neither a conscious choice nor anything that can be changed voluntarily, this idea has not yet taken hold in Arab countries with the result that homosexuality tends to be viewed either as wilfully perverse behaviour or as a symptom of mental illness, and dealt with accordingly. An unintended side effect of failed reparative therapy: Futile as this may be in terms of reorientating the client, it is not necessarily a total waste of money: Billy cited several cases where failed therapy had helped to convince parents that their son would not change, and thus persuade them to accept his sexuality. For men: Parental pressures of this kind, although extremely common, can vary in intensity from one family to another and are not universal. ‘It depends on how you manage your career. There is less pressure to get married if you are focused on a career. If you’re not doing much and seem to be messing about, parents will start talking about marriage.’ But one: said several of his gay friends had gone on to marry or were planning to do so — not because of family pressures but because they feared ‘being alone’ as they grew older. For another: While he continues with his studies he is under no pressure to marry, but he knows the time will come and is already working on a compromise solution, as he calls it. When he reaches the age of thirty he will get married — to a lesbian from a respectable Muslim family. He is not sure if they will have same-sex partners outside the marriage but he hopes they will have children and that, to outward appearances at least, they too will be a respectable family. There are some horrendous police behaviours: One was forced to stand in sewage water up to his neck, his head covered by a sack filled with faeces, and then he was thrown into a dark cell infested with insects and other creatures he could feel but not see … During one interrogation, police stripped him and forced him to sit on a Coke bottle.”. Another ‘They put him in a pit. It was the fast of Ramadan, and they decided to make him fast the whole month but without any break at night. They denied him food and water until he died in that hole.In comparison with today, those were the good times for gay Iraqis. In the aftermath of Saddam Hussein’s overthrow, Iraq was engulfed in a new kind of tyranny as militias and vigilante groups roamed the streets, enforcing their own rules and imposing mob justice on those whose behaviour they disapproved of. Lesbians tend to fare better because of: two reasons for a more relaxed attitude towards lesbian daughters. One results from a heavily male-orientated society in which the hopes of traditional Arab families are pinned on their male offspring. Baby girls are not particularly welcomed and many parents continue having children until they produce a son. Boys therefore come under greater pressure than girls to live up to parental aspirations. The other factor is that lesbian inclinations remove some of a family’s usual worries as their daughter passes through her teens and early twenties. The main behavioural requirement placed on a young woman during this dangerous period is that she should not ‘dishonour’ the family by losing her virginity or getting pregnant before marriage. A daughter’s preference for women at least reassures the family that she won’t bring shame on them by getting into trouble with men. Countries that have signed the 1951 UN Refugee Convention have a legal duty to offer protection to anyone with ‘a well‑founded fear of being persecuted for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership of a particular social group or political opinion, and it is possible to interpret this as including those who are persecuted, or fear persecution, because of their sexual orientation. But Stonewall cautions: ‘The vast majority of applications for asylum are refused. This is not an easy route …” In the Beirut office of Helem there’s a poster showing images of war with a message that says: ‘I don’t believe in a country where it’s more acceptable to see two men holding guns than two men holding hands.’ Lebanon has always had more than its share of men holding guns. Some establishments in the Beirut have become popular with a gay clientele, but not all welcome this patronage, fearing it will drive more conventional customers away. One of these was Dunkin’ Donuts. Exactly why gay men found it so attractive is a bit of a mystery, since most of those who preen themselves at its tables would not dream of eating a doughnut for fear of the damage it might do to their waistline. An employee at Dunkin’ Donuts who refused to give her name told a rather different story to the Daily Star. Gay customers’ behaviour went far beyond local social norms, she said. `In several instances, these customers displayed homosexual affection. They held hands, hugged and sometimes even kissed while they were on the premises. Personally, I’m not offended by such demeanour. But for Lebanese social norms, their behaviour was not acceptable to other customers, who threatened to call the police.’ She added that gay customers still had a high probability of getting served if they behaved well, but if they wanted to fight for the ‘freedom to come out of the closet, then Dunkin’ Donuts was not the place to do it.` He points out that most of the places cited by the New York Times exist for Beirut’s moneyed elite and warns that talk of Lebanon’s tolerance and gay-friendliness can be deceptive. One Arab country long regarded as an exotic, bohemian even licentious— destination for foreigners is Morocco. Paul Bowles, Francis Bacon, Jean Genet, Tennessee Williams, Jack Kerouac, Allen Ginsberg and Joe Orton are just a few of gay writers and artists whose names are associated with the country. Even before that, Morocco was a place where wayward sons of the English gentry — like Sebastian Flyte in Brideshead Revisited — could escape, perhaps to indulge their illicit pleasures but also to be quietly forgotten by their scandalised families. Today, stroll around the Jemaa el-Fna in Marrakesh, or sit in one of the tourist restaurants overlooking the square, and the same-sex couples are hard to miss, though unlike the wealthy Sebastian these have mostly arrived on budget airlines. While their pink pounds and pink euros may be eagerly accepted in the soukhs, Morocco’s gay reputation is not one that the country relishes particularly nor, for that matter, deserves. Homosexuality is still a crime, with penalties of up to three years’ imprisonment plus a fine for ‘lewd or unnatural acts with an individual of the same sex. For visiting foreigners the risk of arrest may be small, but it’s a different story for Moroccans themselves. Young gay Moroccans who consort with foreigners are automatically assumed to be prostitutes. Is the outrage of the likes of Amnesty International some sort of islamophobia? Although much justifiable anger is directed by Western gay organisations at the Saudi law prescribing execution for sodomy, gay men in the kingdom seem to view execution as an extremely remote possibility. Two multiple executions have been reported in recent years but these may have been exceptional. Four gay Saudis interviewed by Out UK all ‘rolled their eyes and laughed’ when asked about executions. One said: Oh come on, please, that is so exaggerated. Americans love those kind of dramatic stories, but they are mostly lore. I mean, it’s well known there are several members of the royal family who are gay. No one’s chopping their heads off. There is no one Islamic law. Sodomy is not among the hadd crimes specified in the Qur’an, and so the penalties assigned for it by the various schools of Islamic law are the result of human (and therefore fallible) processes of deduction. In the most radical challenge to traditionalist views published so far, Scott Siraj al-Haqq Kugle asserts that the issue of homosexuality is not explicitly addressed anywhere in the Qur’an and, furthermore, that there is no reliable evidence of the Prophet ever having punished people for same-sex acts. Furthermore that hadith that address the issue of punishing men for having anal sex are not linked to any specific case or event in the Prophet’s life. This is in marked contrast to the hadith that that preserve the names of the men and women involved’. Some jurists have also based their arguments for stoning to death on God’s punishment of ‘the people of Lut’ [the Biblical Lot, of Sodom and Gomorrah fame] when stones rained down upon them from heaven. One possibility is that Lot uttered the words in response to the townsfolk’s threat to his guests — in which case the context, as in the biblical version, is an attempt at non-consensual sex that bears little relevance to homosexuality as normally practised. Another possibility is that the remarks refer to previous events that we know nothing about. One suggestion, for example, is that the men of the town were in the habit of sexually assaulting the victims of their robberies but, again, that is speculation.’ Further complicating the picture, while Suras 7 and 27 talk generally about lust for men ‘instead of women’, Sura 26 talks more specifically about men forsaking their wives for other men — in which case the important issue would be adultery, regardless of the gender of the sexual partners. For all these reasons, it is unwise to claim that the verses condemn homosexuality in the form that it is usually known today. It is also difficult to imagine that the phrase ‘lewdness such as no creature did before’ (Sura 29) really means the people of Lot were the first ever to engage in same-sex acts — though there are many who interpret it that way: Before the people of Sodom, never did this evil even enter the mind of mankind, let alone practising it. The Umayyad Khalifah Abdul Malik said that if this episode of the homosexuals was not mentioned in the Qur’an, he would not have conceded the reality of this crime since it was unthinkable that man will descend to such a degenerate level and debase himself in a type of act which is not indulged in by even the overwhelming majority of lowly beasts. (Not much knowledge of animal sexuality there, then.) Then there’s a hint of paedophilia: Their wickedness had attained the level where the mere sight of a handsome young man made them so agitated that they pounced upon him as famished people would fall on food … Neither conservative Christians not conservative Muslims seem have realised that: Those who favour legalistic interpretations also tend to focus on the bits that suit their case while ignoring others. In the Biblical and Quir’anic versions of the story, Lot/Lut offers his daughters to the mob — a shocking way to behave by modern standards, but nobody treats it as a general licence to do such things today. In the book of Genesis, a curious but rarely-mentioned sexual episode follows the destruction of Sodom. The righteous Lot goes to live in a cave with his two daughters but he has no wife and no male heir. The daughters decide to resolve this problem by getting their father drunk then having sex with him. This happens on two consecutive nights and in due course both daughters bear him a son. It is interesting that those who so readily interpret the earlier part of Lot’s story as God’s condemnation of homosexuality seem less eager to interpret is denouement as signalling divine approval for incest while under the influence of drink. There’s a wider context: Despite the intolerance often found in Muslim societies today, Kugle observes that the Qur’an ‘positively assesses natural diversity in creation and in human societies’. In contrast to the biblical story of Babel, where God scatters the people- and makes them speak mutually incomprehensible languages as a punishment, the Qur’an welcomes their differences: We created you different tribes and nations so that you may come to know one another and acknowledge that the most honourable among you are those that stay the most conscious of Allah. From among Allah’s signs is the creation of the heavens and the earth and the difference of your tongues and the variation of your colours. To say that ‘Islam’ prescribes ‘death for homosexuals’ is simplistic and misleading, even though religious conservatives and Western gay rights campaigners (each for their own reasons) like to claim that it does. This sort of propagandising is particularly unhelpful to those gay and lesbian Muslims who are struggling to reconcile their sexuality with their religion. The implication is that anyone who rejects the supposedly ‘Islamic’ penalties must reject Islam as a whole — which is not necessarily so. In any case, there were far more prosecutions in 1950s Britain than in the current Arab world. Homosexuality is ‘the most heinous” sin in Islam and ‘one of the most abominable a sin so ‘enormous in intensity and gravity’ that it must be punished both in this life and the next. What, more heinous that murder or rape? Apparently so, according to as moderate: Since marriage ‘is a means for the survival of humankind’,” homosexuality is ‘a fierce attack on progeny and pregnancy, which increases the human race’.”‘ It is also described as a ‘crime’ against the rights of women (presumably by depriving them of the opportunity to become pregnant). `The same applies equally to the case of lesbianism. So: The Muslim needs to take precautions against these deviants and not to give them any opportunity to mix with and corrupt their children. Furthermore, they are neither fit to establish masajid [mosques] and frequent them, nor are they fit to lead those who frequent the masjid whomever they may be. More importantly for them is to seek a cure for themselves from their own illness. Something else that affects about the same percentage of people as homosexuality: Satan eats and drinks with his left hand, the sheikh says, and people who don’t eat and drink with their right hand are therefore emulating Satan. But there’s a different view, which could also be extended to homosexuality: A left-handed person does not choose to make his right hand the weaker hand. This is something that he is created with and cannot change, just like the colour of his eyes or his hair. Masturbation is also condemned because it causes problems for the: digestive system, inflammation of the testicles, damage to the spine (`the place from which sperm originates’), and ‘trembling and instability in some parts of the body like the feet. In addition, they say, there is a weakening of the ‘cerebral glands’ leading to decreased intellect and even ‘mental disorders and insanity. Furthermore, ‘due to constant ejaculation, the sperm no more remains thick and dense as it normally occurs in males. This results in sperm which is not ‘mighty enough’ to make a woman pregnant or produces children who are ‘more prone to disease and illness. Asked to give a ruling on oral sex, Yusuf al- Qaradawi begins by describing it as a disgusting Western practice, resulting from Westerners’ habit of ‘stripping naked during sexual intercourse’. On Cross-dressing: In a much-quoted hadith, the Prophet is said to have cursed men who imitate women and women who imitate men. ‘Aspects of such imitation include the manner of speaking, walking, dressing, moving, and so on,’ according to IslamOnline. This not only appears to rule out cross-dressing but also camp mannerisms by gay men and butch mannerisms by lesbians. Islamic scholars often extend the rule further to include male use of ‘feminine’ adornments such as neck-chains, bracelets and earrings.” Segregation of the sexes, as practised to varying degrees in Muslim societies, is one way of preventing illicit sexual contacts, and the prohibition of cross-dressing should perhaps be viewed in that context: a man who disguises as a woman, or vice versa, is presumed to be up to mischief. In the absence of proper information about homosexuality in the Arab media, not only the public but journalists themselves remain seriously ill-informed. One effect of this is that on the rare occasions when the subject crops up journalists are in no position to make sensible judgements and may allow ludicrous statements to pass unchallenged, thus perpetuating the cycle of misinformation. Tales of homosexuality in high places were a significant factor in the Iranian revolution of 1979 and may help to explain the tough approach taken by the Islamic regime that replaced the Shah. Soon after coming to power in 1979, Ayatollah Khomeini established the death penalty for homosexuality. In February and March 1979 there were sixteen executions for crimes related to sexual violations …” Although homosexuality and homoeroticism abound in classical Arabic literature,” they are generally avoided in modern fiction. Muslim scholars tend to focus on specific types of sexual act, not sexual orientation per se, frowning upon sodomy as a waste of sexual energy, according to Whitaker’s discussion. Yet Islam has, since its inception, recognised the recreational side of sex. According to some traditions women, as much as men, are allowed to seek a divorce if their spouse does not satisfy them sexually and mediaeval Muslim sex manuals describe an array of inventive positions. Ali, a Lebanese teenager, fled his family home after he had been hit with a chair so hard it broke, confined to the house for five days, locked in the boot of a car, and threatened with a gun for wearing his sister’s clothes. “A point made repeatedly by young gay Arabs in interviews was that parental ignorance is a large part of the problem,” the book explains. Quotations: “It discusses society, culture, religion, politics, reform and East-West conflicts.” He intentionally holds back from prescribing any concrete action. “The Americans have been busy prescribing agendas for change and look where that got them. It’s a matter for Arabs themselves to decide, according to local conditions.” “The threats directed against Ali by his brother, and the accusation that he was besmirching the family’s name, reflect a concept of “honor” that is found in those parts of the Middle East where old-fashioned social values still prevail. Preserving the family honor requires brothers to kill an unmarried sister if she becomes pregnant (even if—as has happened in some cases—her pregnancy is the result of being raped by one of her own family).” “Of course, I had known that I was gay for a long time but I never allowed myself even to think about it,” he says. In his final year at college, he developed a crush on one of his male teachers. “I felt this thing for him that I never knew I could feel. I used to see him and almost pass out. “One day, I was at his place for a party and I got drunk. My teacher said he had a problem with his back and I offered him a massage. We went into the bedroom. I was massaging him and suddenly I felt so happy. I turned his face towards my face and kissed him. He was like, ‘What are you doing? You’re not gay.’ I said, ‘Yes, I am.’ “It was the first time I had actually said that I was gay. After that, I couldn’t see anybody or speak for almost a week. I just went to my room and stayed there; I stopped going to school; I stopped eating. I was so upset at myself and I was going, ‘No, I’m not gay, I’m not gay.'” “I went to this psychiatrist and, before I saw him, I was stupid enough to fill in a form about who I was, with my family’s phone number. [The doctor] was very rude and we almost had a fight. He said: ‘You’re the garbage of the country, you shouldn’t be alive and if you want to live, don’t live here. Just find a visa and leave Syria and don’t ever come back.’ “Before I reached home, he had called my mum, and my mum freaked out. When I arrived home there were all these people in the house. My mum was crying, my sister was crying – I thought somebody had died or something. They put me in the middle and everybody was judging me. I said to them, ‘You have to respect who I am; this was not something I chose,’ but it was a hopeless case. “The bad part was that my mum wanted me to leave the college. I said, ‘No, I’ll do whatever you want.’ After that, she started taking me to therapists. I went to at least 25 and they were all really, really bad.” “I went to at least 25 different therapists and they were all really, really bad,” he recalled. “They did all sorts of medical tests, like hormones and things, and they always made you masturbate into this little container.” “I’m not sure you’re gay, but if I find out one day that you are gay, you’re dead. It’s not good for our family and our name.” “What people know of it, if they know anything, is that it’s like some sort of mental illness. This is the educated part of society – doctors, teachers, engineers, technocrats. Those from a lesser educational background deal with it differently. They think their son has been seduced or come under bad influences. Many of them get absolutely furious and kick him out until he changes his behaviour.” “If it wasn’t for the internet, I wouldn’t have come to accept my sexuality.” “Of course, my family can see that I’m not macho like my younger brother. They know that I’m sensitive and I don’t like sport. They accept all that, but I cannot tell them that I’m gay. If I did, my sisters would never be able to marry, because we would not be a respectable family any more.” “My mother found out when I was fairly young – 16 or 17 – that I was interested in women and [she] wasn’t happy about it.” – bundled off to see a psychiatrist who “suggested all manner of ridiculous things – shock therapy and so on”. “I re-closeted myself and started going out with a guy. I’m 26 years old now and I shouldn’t have to be doing this, but it’s just a matter of convenience. My mum doesn’t mind me having gay male friends, but she doesn’t like me being with women.” “I started agreeing with the psychiatrist and saying, ‘Yes, you’re right.’ Soon he was saying, ‘I think you’re doing better.’ He gave me some medicine that I never took. So everybody was fine with it after a while, because the doctor said I was doing OK.” “My mum is in denial. She keeps asking when I am going to get married – ‘When can I hold your children?’ In Syria, this is the way people think. Your only mission in life is to grow up and start a family. There are no real dreams. The only Arab dream is having more families.” “I don’t believe in a country where it’s more acceptable to see two men holding guns than two men holding hands.” “There is an important distinction to be drawn between tolerance of homosexuality and tolerance of sex tourism.” “Sexual rights are not only a basic element of human rights but should have an integral part in moves towards Arab reform …” “Denial is the first line of defence against a problem and also the easiest, since it requires no action. In Saudi Arabia, denial is almost an institution … it suits the authorities to deny that homosexual activity exists in the kingdom to any significant extent, and it suits gay Saudis (who well understand how the rules work) to assist that denial by keeping a low profile. If it reaches a stage where denial is no longer, possible, however, the authorities are obliged to respond. The choice then is between tolerance and oppression …” “A further difficulty for Palestinians is that in the highly-charged atmosphere of the conflict with Israel, their sexuality tends to become caught up in politics…This generalized view equating homosexuality with treachery makes it extremely dangerous for Palestinians to return home after fleeing to Israel. “It is worth recalling that Britain, over several centuries, waged a war against homosexuality – in the name of religion, social order, decency, etc. – that certainly equalled, and in its scale probably outstripped, anything that happens in Arab countries today.” “The idea of a licentious West that many Arabs hold today closely mirrors the view that Europeans had of the Middle East a couple of centuries or more ago.” News media about same-sex marriage and gay clergy in the West tend to be reported factually and straightforwardly by the Arab media, often with quotes from opposing sides. Besides the stories dealing specifically with these topics, there were many others during the American presidential campaign of 2004 that mentioned gay rights as an election issue. The relatively calm tone of these reports in comparison with the more hysterical stories about local homosexuality may be partly explained by their reliance on Western news agencies. As with the nineteenth-century writings of Richard Burton, however, they can be read in different ways by different readers. They can be interpreted either as confirming Arab perceptions of Western decadence or as familiarizing readers with alternative views of sexual behaviour. The problem, though, is that the dearth of coverage about Arab homosexuality encourages the idea that it is entirely a foreign phenomenon. The essential principle here is equality, and there is no room for selectively excluding some human beings on the pretext of local circumstances or cultural norms. Either the equality principle is accepted in whole or it is not; there are no half measures. The equal rights established by the declaration include an equal right to life, equal freedom from arbitrary arrest, equal freedom from torture and ill-treatment, equal freedom from torture and ill-treatment, equal freedom of expression and association, and equality before the law. Despite this, and despite ample evidence of abuses in various parts of the world, the United Nations has been slow to grapple, with what, for a large number of it members, is a highly sensitive issue… The debate is often presented as a choice between cultural authenticity on the one hand and the adoption of all things Western on the other. In fact, neither is a realistic proposition. Exposure to foreign ideas and influences cannot be prevented, but nor are Arabs incapable of making critical judgments about them. Equally, Arab culture cannot be treated as a fossil; it is a culture in which real people lead real lives and it must be allowed to evolve to meet their needs. The issue, then, is not whether concepts such as ‘gay’ and ‘sexual orientation’ are foreign imports but whether they serve a useful purpose. For Arabs who grow up disturbed by an inexplicable attraction towards members of their own sex, they can provide a framework for understanding. For families – puzzled, troubled and uninformed by their own society – they offer a sensible alternative to regarding sons and daughters as sinful or mad. Ahmed al-Enezi and Shahir al-Roubli were executed for murder at Arar in northern Saudi Arabia, close to the border with Iraq. Little is known about the two men except that they were lovers. When another man found out about their relationship and threatened to make it public, they killed him. Announcing their executions, a brief statement from the Saudi interior ministry said the couple had run over Malik Khan, a Pakistani citizen, with their car. They had then beaten him on the head with stones and set fire to his body, `fearing they would be exposed after the victim witnessed them in a shameful situation:’ One murder, two executions: three unnecessary deaths. Were it not for the Saudi law against homosexuality, with its extraordinarily severe penalties, all three men would still be alive and, most probably, doing no harm to anyone. Whether Malik Khan thought it was his religious duty to report the two male lovers to the authorities, or whether he had spotted an opportunity to extort money from them, is unclear. The balance of probability is that it was the latter, since anti-homosexuality laws, wherever they exist, provide a licence for extortionists. Arab society has traditionally been more concerned with sexual acts and roles than with sexual identities. If a man assumes the active role in anal intercourse with another man, his action is not necessarily regarded as shameful or as indicating sexual orientation. He is merely performing the role that men normally perform in intercourse with women. The fact that he does this with a man rather than a woman may even be interpreted as a sign of heightened masculinity, since sex with another man is popularly thought to require greater strength or sexual prowess. Assuming the passive position, on the other hand, is considered demeaning and a betrayal of manhood, since in this case the interesting question, however. If Arab sexuality is as undefined as some suggest, what is the social norm that the ‘deviant’ shaadh is thought to be flouting? Is it heterosexuality or something else? man replicates the role of a woman. The element of ‘shame, therefore, rests on an assumption that women are inferior to men. There is also a widespread belief that those who take the passive role cannot be doing it for pleasure — hence the tendency of the Egyptian police to regard such men as prostitutes.’° As in the West, popular Arab perceptions of male same-sex activity focus almost exclusively on anal intercourse, ignoring a variety of other possibilities, and participants are assumed to play fixed roles — either active or passive, but not both. In contrast to the West, however, there is also a striking absence of any notion that same-sex contacts might extend beyond physical gratification to a gay lifestyle or to loving, caring relationships. As far as conscious efforts to promote change are concerned, there are huge differences between Arab countries in terms of what can realistically be achieved, at least in the short term. The essential first step, according to Ghassan Makarem, an activist in the Lebanese organisation, Helem, is `to try to have some critical mass: Initially this requires a local network of gay men and lesbians that not only serves a social function, but allows them to talk about the issues that concern them, and eventually to organise. On their own, though, such networks can be extremely vulnerable, as their suppression in Egypt and Saudi Arabia has demonstrated. Gay and lesbian networks are not unique in this respect; on the whole, their treatment reflects government attitudes towards civil society movements in general. Helem has survived in Beirut partly by not confining its attention to gay and lesbian activists alone; it has deliberately sought allies among others who work on sexual and reproductive rights, human rights, and so on, as well as sympathetic professionals such as lawyers, doctors and teachers. ‘When we did this it was not that we were particularly accepted by Lebanese society but we were able to create a space that protects itself by being involved with other groups, by having people from other organisations, and by being visible.’… A surprise opportunity to make new contacts came in zoo6 during the month-long conflict with Israel. Hundreds of Shi`a Muslims fleeing the bombs in areas controlled by Hizbullah camped out in Sanayeh Park — just a block away from Helem’s office in Beirut. Helem joined forces with a variety of other groups and turned its office into a humanitarian relief centre. That month of war, Makarem said, ‘created more visibility than in the past five years, and also in areas where we never thought that we could easily be. should governments be the guardians of personal morality? For example, are private sexual acts between consenting adults a matter of state security? The Mubarak regime in Egypt apparently thought so. While eager to hunt down and imprison gay men, the Egyptian government showed itself incapable of controlling things that actually endanger the public, such as the terrible air pollution in Cairo, the buildings that regularly fall down on top of people, and accidents on the railways. Following one disastrous train fire in which hundreds died, the government’s reaction was to increase fares in order to provide life insurance for passengers. In Morocco, Egypt and Lebanon, large amounts of police time have been wasted in recent years tracking down and arresting devotees of heavy metal music. In 2003, in the midst of the most serious terrorist campaign in Saudi Arabia’s history, the interior minister, Prince Nayef, turned his attention to protecting citizens from `un-Islamic’ influences by banning female dolls and teddy bears. Mobile phones with cameras were also made illegal for fear they might be used for immoral purposes — and of course became extremely popular….The laws against same-sex acts which exist in almost all Arab countries are one particularly striking example of dysfunctional legislation: millions of Arabs quietly disobey them with impunity while the few who happen to get caught can be punished severely. there may also be reason for hope. Arabs nowadays have just too much contact with the rest of the world to maintain an isolationist ‘cultural purity’ approach. The Good Book: Reading the Bible with Mind and Heart by Peter J. Gomes June 15, 2015 at 2:09 pm · Filed under E-H, G-H, S-T (Not discussed by the group but written in a personal capacity.) Some reviewers have made a big fuss about the author being gay, suggesting that he is twisting scripture to fit his lifestyle. They obviously haven’t thought that it is, maybe, they who are twisting scripture to fit in with their conservatism. It is good to read ‘theology from the underside’ – from a black, gay man. (Though he also seems to be a republican supporter!) Those who discount any interpretation of the Bible seem to forget that Jesus himself interpreted it in his first sermon. So did Philip to the Ethiopian eunuch. Scripture was used, and still is in some quarters, to justify slavery, anti-Semitism, homophobia and the subjugation of women for example. Those who take the Bible literally on such topics fail to heed Jesus’s words to the rich young ruler to sell all his possessions and give it to the poor. The subject of homosexuality is not mentioned in the Ten Commandments, nor in the Summary of the Law. No prophet discourses on the subject. Jesus himself makes no mention of it, and homosexuality does not appear to be of much concern to those early churches with which Saint Paul and his successors were involved. One has to look rather hard, and with a user-friendly concordance, to find any mention of homosexuality at all. This should come as no surprise, because the word homosexuality itself is an invention of the late nineteenth century and does not occur in any of the original manuscripts from which the English Bible is descended…. the King James Version of 1611 makes no mention of homosexuality or of any of its cognates, and that the first use of the term in an English Bible is to be found in the Revised Standard Version of 1946…. As Jeffrey S. Siker has pointed out in the July 1994 issue of Theology Today, to argue that the creation story privileges a heterosexual view of the relations between humankind is to make one of the weakest arguments possible, the argument from silence. The Genesis story is indeed about Adam and Eve, not Adam and Steve, as the critics of homosexuality delight in admonishing. “Heterosexuality may be the dominant form of sexuality, but it does not follow that it is the only form of appropriate sexuality.” What the story does do is reflect the world experience of those human beings who wrote it. Of course they would privilege the only way available to perpetuate the race, and they would do so with the aid of their own cultural lenses…. The creation story in Genesis does not pretend to be a history of anthropology or of every social relationship. It does not mention friendship, for example, and yet we do not assume that friendship is condemned or abnormal. It does not mention the single state, and yet we know that singleness is not condemned, and that in certain religious circumstances it is held in very high esteem. Even if we credit the Hebrew word “know” in the demands of the Sodomites, however — “that we might know” the strangers—in a carnal sense, we should not neglect the fact that the fate of the city was determined well before the ugly incident at Lot’s door. It was in behalf of that errand of doom, in fact, that the angels came at all. Boswell informs us that this particular form of the Hebrew verb “to know” is rarely used in a sexual sense. It occurs nine hundred and forty-three times in the Old Testament, and in only ten of these does it have the sense of carnal knowledge. More to the point, the passage in Genesis 19 is the only place in the Old Testament where it is generally believed to refer to homosexual relations. Sodom is referred to throughout the Old Testament as a place of wickedness and is synonymous with it, but nowhere does it state that homosexuality was the wickedness in question. To return to the home page, click on the header at the top of this page. Pleasured by Philip Hensher June 3, 2015 at 1:02 pm · Filed under G-H, M-P (We have not discussed this in the group but it was a ‘spin off’ from one of our meetings and this review is in a personal capacity.) Instead of explaining in a few orientating paragraphs what Germany was like on New Year’s Eve, 1988, when the action begins, Hensher plunges us into the experience, as conveyed by the actions and conversations of his characters. The book gave me fond memories of Berlin. How well I remember staying up until 5am and drinking in those Kreuzberg bars. The nascent gay scene was already there. Ku’damm had become its Western centre, with the infamous Tom’s Bar and its cellar. The scene in the East was more furtive. Also memories of the feeling that one has to go home, very reluctantly, for Christmas. The city was divided by more than just the wall (which some called ‘the fence’ as later Israeli’s would name their security fence.) Hensher likes to write about people who work in bookshops. One character behaved like a precursor to Facebook, as a revenge, getting lots of people to gatecrash a private party. There’s ecstasy smuggling – before the drug was named such. Maybe the importation of pleasure will hasten the course of history and liberate the downtrodden easterners from their servitude. People are not what they seem. The parrot and the Emperor’s march are picked up in his later novel The Emperor’s Waltz. Happy End is a brand of toilet paper. Good phrase – the heavy rain was ‘like shot silk.’ I had to look up ‘odalisque’ = a concubine in a Turkish harem. 10th Anniversary event with Philip Hensher A canon of gay literature? Everyone should read? Books we have read previously Criteria for choosing books What happens at a meeting? What people have said about us Why a book group specifically for gay men? About the book reviews Book Reviews (by author) Book Reviews (by title)	cc/2019-30/en_head_0043.json.gz/line2305
__label__wiki	0.86509	0.86509	GC Baseball Splits Doubleheader, Wins Series at Lander Georgia College (20-13, 11-7) 0 0 0 2 3 2 0 2 3 12 19 0 Lander (14-24, 9-11) 0 0 0 3 1 0 1 0 0 5 10 3 Georgia College (20-14, 11-8) 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 4 1 Lander (15-24, 10-11) 0 0 1 0 1 0 2 1 X 5 9 1 Senior infielder Garrett Green 2B: Wesley Wommack; Shane Connahan; Matthew Chester; Cassius Young 2B: Landon Dupert; Zack Moore 2B: Garrett Green 2; Jayson Cook 2B: Josh Gregory 3B: Zack Moore HR: Josh Gregory PEACH BELT STANDINGS GREENWOOD, S.C. – The Georgia College Baseball team (20-14, 11-8 PBC) split a doubleheader at Lander University (15-24, 10-11 PBC) Saturday, the Bobcats taking the first game 12-5 and dropping the second 5-1. Combined with a 7-5 win Friday night, the Bobcats took the series, the fourth straight series win for GC. The Bobcats pounded out 19 hits in game one, their most prolific effort on the road this season. The game started slowly and was scoreless after three. After the Bobcats plated a pair in the fourth, Lander took a 3-2 lead in the bottom half. Georgia College then scored runs in four of the remaining five innings to pull away. Rightfielder Wesley Wommack (Monroe, Georgia) and centerfielder Cam Hill (Marietta) tallied four hits each, Hill scoring four times with an RBI, and Wommack adding an RBI and a run. Catcher Austin Holloway (Social Circle, Georgia) had a 3-for-5 game with a run and an RBI, while Garrett Green (Bogart, Georgia) was 2-for-4 with two RBIs and a run. Sophomore Cassius Young (Atlanta, Georgia) added two hits as a reserve and scored three times. The Bobcats ran out five pitchers at the Bearcats, with junior lefty Brad Spinner (Roswell, Georgia) getting the win, improving to 6-2 in 1 1/3 innings, allowing a single run. Freshman righty Chris Rolick (Marietta, Georgia) was the most effective of the bunch, going the final 2 2/3 innings scoreless on two hits and two strikeouts. The hit parade unfortunately didn't carry over to game two, as GC was held to just four hits by Joseph Whitt (5-3) and Ryan Troutman. The Bobcats scored first on an RBI single from shortstop Jayson Cook (Smyrna, Georgia), but that would be it. The Bearcats set down the final eight GC batters in a row to close the game. Cook finished 2-for-4 with an RBI. Green also had two hits and a run, finishing a 4-for-8 with two RBIs and two runs for the doubleheader. Lefty starter Bryce Bowen (Elberton, Georgia) took the loss in 4 2/3 innings of work, falling to 0-3 by surrendering just two runs. The Bobcats are back in action Tuesday, April 9 at 4 p.m., playing host to Albany State University. The Georgia College Department of Athletics, two-time winners of the PBC Commissioner's Cup and the 2017 PBC Sportsmanship Institution of the Year, sponsors 11 varsity athletic programs at the NCAA Division II level. As a Division II program, Bobcat Athletics prides itself on balancing the life of the student-athlete, evidenced by the teams' multiple appearances in post-season competition as well as documented academic success and community-service involvement. Sign up at @GCBobcats on Twitter and Facebook for up-to-the-minute reports, and visit GCBobcats.PhotoReflect.com to purchase photo prints from home athletic contests.	cc/2019-30/en_head_0043.json.gz/line2306
__label__wiki	0.718557	0.718557	Home / Resources / News / Latest News / Budapest Pride ban must be reversed On 14 February 2011, the Budapest police banned the lesbian, gay, bisexual, trans and intersex (LGBTI) Pride March scheduled for 18 June 2011. The reason provided for such a ban was that the Pride March will hinder the flow of traffic. Pride events Posted: 15 February 2011 ILGA-Europe is appalled by the decision of the Budapest police as theirs is a clear breach of the right of freedom of assembly. We therefore urge the immediately reversal of this decision to ban the Pride March and instead ask the police to ensure that the Pride March takes place and is protected. Evelyne Paradis, Executive Director of ILGA-Europe, said: “We are seriously concerned with this development. Hungary currently holds the Presidency of the European Union and surely sending the wrong signal about the Union’s respect of human right of all. Indeed, such a blatant denial of the right to free and peaceful assembly goes against the EU fundamental principles of democracy and respect of diversity.” Peaceful LGBTI Pride Marches have taken place in Budapest for several years. However, during the last few years the participants of Budapest Pride March experienced attacks by nationalist and right wing extremists. The European Court of Human Rights made it clear that LGBTI people are equally entitled to the right to peaceful assembly and expression and that the state and the police have a positive obligation to protect LGBTI public events from violent attacks by the opponents. Evelyne Paradis, added: “The ban on Pride March adds to our concerns with the deteriorating situation for LGBTI in Hungary. Currently there is a proposal to amend the country’s Constitution to limit the scope of marriage to one man and one woman with the effect of banning the possibility of a future opening of marriage to same-sex couples. Additionally, the current Hungarian EU presidency programme has no reference to the rights of LGBTI people even in events that deal with equality. Moreover, a draft media law is currently being revised after heavy criticism from the EU aimed to prevent among other things same-sex affections in the media. We believe that represents dangerous signal not only to LGBTI people in Hungary, but also across the EU. We call upon EU institutions and member states to remind Hungary of its duties and about the EU fundamental principles of equality, non-discrimination and respect for human rights for all.” More on the European Court of Human Rights judgement on Warsaw Pride ban in 2005.	cc/2019-30/en_head_0043.json.gz/line2312
__label__wiki	0.834371	0.834371	The tea party idiots - will they go after the lgbt community next? Watch this footage and feel free to laugh or shake your head. But remember one thing: If these folks can be easily manipulated against President Obama, just think how equally easy it can be to manipulate them against the lgbt community. The move from "save our country from socialism" to "save our children from perverts" isn't such an impossibility when one takes into account the ignorance and gullibility of these folks And also some people's eagerness to exploit these protests when talking about ENDA and DOMA. It's definitely something for the lgbt community to think about and be prepared for. Hat tip to Americablog. Posted by BlackTsunami at 3:22 PM 6 comments: Links to this post More Maine anti-gay marriage lies, Rest in Peace Miss Vida, and other Tuesday midday news briefs Rest in peace, Miss Vida: Video: Maine's first anti-equality ad -- it's baaaaaaaaaaaad - More feedback about the Maine ad anti-gay marriage ad. Goodasyou.org breaks down the lies. **related article - The Maine anti-gay marriage forces tell a huge lie in its first ad Catholic collections aimed at preventing same-sex marriage law - Again, I ask isn't this sort of thing illegal? Disability, Gay Rights Expert Picked for EEOC - Something to make the religious right's head spin. The Rights of Gay Employees - And the momentum for ENDA keeps going forward The Maine anti-gay marriage forces tell a huge lie in its first ad Well the anti-marriage equality forces in Maine is pushing their first ad tonight for "Yes on 1" and it tells a huge lie. At 22 seconds, the commercial cites the Massachusetts case of Parker vs. Hurley to claim that if the anti-gay marriage referendum does not pass, "homosexual marriage will be taught in public schools whether parents like it or not." That is a huge lie. The case of Parker vs. Hurley had nothing to do with gay marriage. The case had to do with a parent (David Parker) creating a phony moral panic because he didn't want the school to acknowledge the fact that same-sex families exist. The following is a breakdown of the situation: The Legend of the Mad Dad of Massachusetts I've written about the David Parker controversy a few times so allow me to regurgitate my breakdown of the situation yet again. This time, however, I want to put it in another context. David Parker cares so deeply that he is willing to go to jail and endure a lengthy court process for the right to be a parent. In a world where a myriad of social problems can be traced back to parental abuse or indifference, it is incredible that Parker is being treated as a criminal and not as the hero he is. - Wendy McElroy, Parental Rights vs. Public Schools Well, homosexual relationships are, by their nature, sexual. The, you know, the movement is trying to say no, it's not. But you know, there's a big elephant in the middle of the room here, and we're not recognizing it. - Brian Camenker, head of Mass Resistance I don't want the school to determine the timing and manner when this stuff is brought up. I want him to play on the swing set and make mud pies. I don't want him thinking about same-sex unions in kindergarten. - Massachusetts parent David Parker Both comments taken from interview with Bill O'Reilly Does an elementary school have the right to indoctrinate children in their view of controversial moral issues without the knowledge or consent of parents? That is the issue that the U.S. Supreme Court may decide. Matt Barber, CWA's Policy Director for Cultural Issues, speaks with David Parker, a Lexington, Massachusetts parent, who is petitioning the high court, hoping it will accept his appeal of a First Circuit Court decision on his case. In 2005, Parker was arrested at his son's school following a classroom lesson on same-sex marriage using the book King & King. The principal at Esterbrook Elementary School in Lexington defended the King & King lesson and denied parents the right to be informed about it and to opt their kids out. - Concerned Women for America When a controversy happens regarding gay rights, religious right organizations are quick to jump into the situation and exploit it for their own purposes regardless of what the truth may be. A perfect example would be the case involving Massachusetts parent David Parker. In April 2005, Parker was arrested for trespassing when he refused to leave his son’s school, Eastabrook Elementary, in Lexington, MA. He was angry that his son, who was at the time in kindergarten, was sent home with a “diversity book bag.” He objected to a book in the package because it showed a child in a same-sex household. Parker contended that the school was encroaching on his right as a parent to talk to his son about issues of sexuality. He met with school officials and was arrested when he refused to leave after the meeting. He claimed that any mention of same-sex parents constituted a talk of human sexuality and that Massachusetts law guaranteed that he could opt his child out of the discussion. Parker also claimed that school officials were not giving him assurances that this would happen. At first glance, it seems that the case of David Parker was one of a concerned father attempting to be able to raise his child in the way he sees fit. As you can see, religious right groups certainly claimed that was the case. And unfortunately they were aided by folks like Wendy McElroy and Bill O'Reilly who apparently never realized journalism involves more than just writing and interviewing folks. A little investigation never hurts matters. Which is what I did. And what I found was a case a bit more complex. Distortion—David Parker objected to his child being exposed to homosexuality because it was an issue of sexuality and Joseph Estabrook Elementary refused to accommodate him Truth—In a January 17, 2005 email to the school, Parker said: “There is a book included entitled, Who’s in a Family (with pictures) that include lesbian and homosexual couples with children—implicitly equating this family structure as a morally equal alternative to other family constructs. We stand firmly against this book or any other subject matter pertaining to homosexuality ever being indoctrinated to our child, discussed in school, or sent home. We don’t believe gay parents constitute a spiritually healthy family and should not be celebrated.” Joseph Estabrook Elementary principal, Joni Jay, wrote Parker an email clearly saying homosexuality is not a part of the kindergarten curriculum. She also said she cannot control what students say to one another and that many children attending Joseph Estabrook Elementary live in same-sex households. Point of fact: The entire controversy began because Parker’s son brought home a “diversity bookbag” with several items in it. Among them was a book showing certain types of families, including same-sex families. It was the only book in the packet that talked about anything of a homosexual nature. Distortion—Parker was well within his rights because Massachusetts laws says parents must give permission to have their children discuss any issue involving human sexuality. Truth—Parker was not well within his right because discussions of differing families, including gay-led households are not included in the parental notification policy. This is because it is not an issue about human sexuality. Principal Jay informed Parker of this on March 4, 2005. Jay said she confirmed this with the district assistant superintendent and the director of Health Education. She was answering an email in which Parker said that neither he nor his wife authorize any teacher or adult to “expose” his sons (Parker has two sons) to “any sexual orientation/homosexual material/same sex unions between parents.” Point of fact: The night before Parker’s arrest, he addressed the Lexington School Committee during their public meeting. In his speech, he attempted to link gay-led households to sexual behavior: “Children who are successfully indoctrinated that same-sex marriage is normal and correct will eventually understand that sexual intimacy is a part of this union. Let’s not be naive about the implied human sexuality aspect of same-sex unions. Let’s be honest with ourselves. When we accept same-sex unions, we accept its implied . . . sexual intimacy. These concepts are indeed inextricably linked.” Distortion—David Parker was arrested because Joseph Estabrook Elementary did not respect his rights as a parent. Truth—David Parker was arrested for trespassing. Even though his initial questions were answered, Parker persisted and finally received another meeting with school officials. According to a press release issued by William J. Hurley, Interim Superintendent of Schools and Christopher Casey, Chief of Police in Lexington, Parker and his wife requested that the school, in the future, ensure that teachers automatically remove their children from discussions of same-sex households, even if the issue rises spontaneously. It was explained to Parker and his wife that the policy allowing students to opt out of discussions of human sexuality was not relevant here and the Parkers’ request was “not practical” because children could discuss “such matters among themselves at school.” When Parker and his wife were told that they could appeal the response to the Commissioner of Education, Parker did not want to. It was then that the two decided not to leave the school. The Lexington Police were called. Parker’s wife went to the couple’s car but he stayed. Two plain-clothed detectives came at 5:20 p.m. and a police lieutenant came at 6 p.m. All asked Parker to leave but he refused. Distortion—David Parker did not intentionally get arrested. According to his lawyer, Jeffrey Denner: “He (Parker) was invited to come in, he came in, there was a dialogue going back and forth, there were faxes sent back and forth to the school committee. His intent was not to get arrested. His intent was to establish a dialogue to protect his own children and other children as well.”—Father faces trial over school’s ‘pro-gay’ book, WorldNetDaily, August 4, 2005 Truth—According to the press release submitted by Hurley and Casey, Parker said “If I’m not under arrest, then I’m not leaving.” The press release also said Parker began calling people on his cell phone and a small group of people began arriving with cameras. Parker was finally arrested at 6:24 p.m. The group with the camera was waiting behind the police station and photographed his arrival. Mass Resistance (Massachusetts conservative group) claimed that Parker was using his cell phone in order to keep his wife up to date with the meeting while she sat in the couple’s car. Point of fact: There are pictures of Parker being arrested and led away by police on the Mass Resistance web page. Now how could any of this have happened by chance? For that matter, there are pictures of Parker addressing the Lexington School Committee the night before his arrest. The fact that these pictures are on the web page do give an impression of premeditation by Parker and Mass Resistance. Distortion—David Parker got into this fight solely because of his concern for his children and what they are being exposed to in school. Truth—Since his arrest, Parker has been speaking against gay rights in other states. On June 13 and 14 of that same year, he was the speaker in a six-town “Wake UP Maine” tour with Brian Camenker, the head of Mass Resistance. The purpose was to aid a Maine referendum against the recently passed bill outlawing discrimination against the gay community. A flyer was distributed showing Parker in handcuffs. The flyer also claimed that Parker “questioned the homosexual rights movement.” The image of Parker in handcuffs had made its way around several web pages like some sort of bastardized picture of Che Guevera. He also appeared in a commercial in another effort to overturn the Maine anti-discrimination bill. In addition, the Family Research Council filmed an interview with Parker as a part of a successful effort to pass Proposition 8 in California. The organization referenced the Parker controversy in writings about gay marriage in California. And then don’t forget this interesting addendum: In May 2006, Parker’s son was involved in a fight at school with a friend over seating in the school cafeteria. His son and the other student made peace with each other and continued to be friends. They even had a play date later that week. In addition, Parker was informed as to what happened. However, less than a month later, the Mass Resistance sent out a press release claiming that Parker’s son was set upon by eight to 10 students who did not appreciate his fight against Joseph Estabrook Elementary. The press release generated considerable buzz with the anti-gay industry, as it was either run or referenced by many so-called “pro-family” web pages, including the Traditional Values Coalition and Concerned Women for America. Joseph Estabrook Elementary School explained the true story in a press release. However, none of the so-called “pro-family” groups, including Mass Resistance and the Traditional Values Coalition, apologized for any of their claims about a conspiracy to hurt Parker’s son nor did they correct the error. By the way, in 2007, a federal judge dismissed Parker's case against the school and in 2008, the Supreme Court also denied his case. However, it is clear that when controversy involving us take place, the lgbt community must be highly vigilant in getting the truth out as soon as possible. Otherwise the situation becomes another file in the religious right cabinet of lies. Other articles and web pages used for this post: www.massresistance.org www.lexingtoncares.org http://www.davidparkerfund.org/ Arrested father had point to make, The Boston Globe, April 29, 2005 Wake UP Maine Tour announced, www.MaineToday.com, June 10, 2005 Massachusetts Men Speak Against Homosexual Rights, www.MaineToday.com, Coalition for Marriage to host David Parker at Littlefi eld Baptist Church, www. MaineToday.com, November 3, 2005 Father faces trial over school’s ‘pro-gay’ book, WorldNetDaily, August 4, 2005 Report: Christian Parent Arrested After Being Denied Say-Son in Son’s Education, Agape Press, April 28, 2005 Dad Becomes Icon in Battle over Homosexual Agenda in Schools, Agape Press, School dispute persists after plea deal is struck, The Boston Globe, October 27, 2005 Press release, Lexington Public Schools, May 2, 2005 David Parker’s Son Beaten Up on the Playground, Traditional Values Coalition, New liberal strategy: Assault 7-year-olds, Kevin McCullough, June 16, 2006 Press release, Lexington Public Schools, June 16, 2006 Just what the tea party movement needs - Peter LaBarbera As if the teabaggers didn't shoot themselves in the foot by lying about attendance numbers at last weekend's anti-Obama protest, they receive more help with that gun courtesy of our friend, Peter LaBarbera: Just in case you are still relying on establishment liberal media like the Associated Press (AP) to get your news, here are some startling photos and links documenting the mammoth, conservative “Tea Party Express” march in our nation’s capital Saturday, September 12th. This was a grassroots taxpayers’ protest of historic proportions — not in the “tens of thousands,” as AP misreported, but between one and two million people coming to make their voice heard in Washington. That's right. It's not the fault of Matt Kibbe, president of FreedomWorks, who spread the lie that ABC News had reported that between 1 million to 1.5 million people had gathered to protest. Nor it is Michelle Malkin's fault even though she helped to spread this lie. Nor is it the fault of the assorted nuts of conservative talking heads and bloggers. It's the "damned liberal media" again. And LaBarbera has "proof " of this. But like so much of his information, his "proof" is inaccurate: Obviously moved by the enormity of the 9/12 march, the British newspaper Daily Mail — hardly sympathetic to American conservatives — reported (emphasis added): “A million march to US Capitol to protest against ‘Obama the socialist.’” However, the Daily Mail’s original headline was: “Up to two million march to US Capitol to protest against Obama’s spending in ‘tea-party’ demonstration” (it appears that the DM’s editors made some politically correct revisions); To dwell on the alleged political leanings of the Daily Mail is an evasive tactic. If one looks at the article, they would find that it does not cite any sources for its claim Malkin’s follow-up web article: “Celebrating the 9/12 rallies; Turnout estimated at 2 million” ; If you clicked on this link, you would see that Malkin updated the "article" saying that the 2 million number was inaccurate - something that LaBarbera conveniently omits. WorldNetDaily.com story on 9/12: “A million or more rock Washington: Taxpayer march could be biggest rally ever in capital”; WND founder Joseph Farah’s column: “The shameful non-coverage of 9/12″; Isn't World Net Daily the same group that's pushing the "Obama is not an American citizen" lie? Rather than pushing factual information courtesy of Politifact, such as this piece questioning a photo of the event, and Mediamatters.org, which tracked the attendance number lie put out by conservatives, LaBarbera does a poor job of trying to bring relevancy to this madness by reprinting refuted information and then blaming the media for the ineptitude of the tea baggers in their attempts to deceive. And of course he tries to link it all to lgbts: What does all this have to do with the fight against the Homosexual Lobby? Well, for one, beyond the health care debate, the Obama Administration is pushing to enact a comprehensive “gay” agenda that would greatly expand the government’s power to effectively force businesses and individuals to approve of or subsidize homosexual and “transgender” lifestyles. The Employment Nondiscrimination Act (ENDA) — slated for hearings next week — would create federal homosexuality- and transsexuality-based “rights” for employees. This would invariably circumscribe the liberties of business owners who oppose homosexuality as a matter of conscience. We trust that the same people who oppose Big Government intruding into our lives will resist the idea that the Government should be forcing businessmen and businesswomen to support homosexual behavior and gender confusion or risk getting sued. This is the point where I usually attempt to bring clarity to LaBarbera's nonsense. But I can't right now because I'm too busy laughing.	cc/2019-30/en_head_0043.json.gz/line2316
__label__cc	0.552481	0.447519	GOOD BLACK NEWS The Good Things Black People Do, Give and Receive All Over The World Media/Internet Classical/Traditional Gospel/Country Jazz/Blues/Folk Pop/R&B/Dance Animation/Cartoons Fellowships/Programs New Media/Internet African-American Firsts Awards/Honors Records/Prizes Competitions/Tournaments Podcasts/Audio Arts / Style, Dance, Entertainment, Theater, U.S. March 23, 2017 DANCE: Choreographer Dave Scott Tackles Reimagining Andrew Lloyd Webber Classic “Joseph and the Amazing Technicolor Dreamcoat” Dave Scott (photo credit: Lee Perry); “Joseph” image: Mustang Marketing article by Kristyn Burtt via dancenetwork.tv Choreographer Dave Scott is well known for his work on So You Think You Can Dance and in films like High Strung, Step Up 2: The Streets, Stomp The Yard and You Got Served. He’s now tackling a new venture that is sure to bring a fresh spin on a musical theatre classic. Under the direction of Will North, Scott will be reimagining the choreography from Andrew Lloyd Webber’s Joseph and the Amazing Technicolor Dreamcoat. The family-friendly show will run Oct. 13-22, 2017 at the Cabrillo Music Theatre in Thousand Oaks, California, and focuses on the trials and triumphs of Joseph, Israel’s favorite son and his “coat of many colors” from the Bible’s Book of Genesis. Although Joseph and the Amazing Technicolor Dreamcoat was first performed in 1968, it didn’t have its Broadway debut until January 1982. North explained to Dance Network about his initial idea to collaborate with the hip-hop choreographer. “I wanted to do a contemporary version of the show while bringing in different genres of hip-hop — including krumping. Dave is the perfect person to execute that vision,” he explains. For Scott, taking on the project was a natural fit as he looks to diversify beyond his work in TV and film. The idea of live theatre not only adds an unexpected element, it’s giving him a new way to communicate through his artistry. “I’ve always approached television and film with the mentality of the stage. To achieve the ‘wows’ and ‘splendor’ with no edits or cuts,” Scott shares. “I personally and creatively imagine my work in cartoon, like a superhero. I always aspire to go beyond the non-boundaries of dance, and this is a perfect platform.” In addition to the upcoming production, Scott will also be back this summer choreographing on Season 14 of SYTYCD and he recently completed the film, Manifest Destiny Down: Spacetime, which will be out in 2018 with Broadway star Alexandra Winter. Source: Exclusive: Why ’SYTYCD’ Choreographer Dave Scott Is Tackling A Reimagined Andrew Lloyd Webber Classic \| Dance Network Filed under: "High Strung", "Joseph and the Amazing Technicolor Dreamcoat", "Manifest Destiny Down: Spacetime", "So You Think You Can Dance", "Step Up 2: The Streets", "Stomp The Yard", "You Got Served", Alexandra Winter, Andrew Lloyd Webber, Cabrillo Music Theatre, California, choreographer Dave Scott, Dave Scott, SYTYCD, Thousand Oaks, Will North Google Partners with Howard University to Develop Future African-American Engineers Jay Z and Weinstein Co. to Make Trayvon Martin Film and Documentary Series One thought on “DANCE: Choreographer Dave Scott Tackles Reimagining Andrew Lloyd Webber Classic “Joseph and the Amazing Technicolor Dreamcoat”” Pingback: DANCE: Choreographer Dave Scott Tackles Reimagining Andrew Lloyd Webber Classic “Joseph and the Amazing Technicolor Dreamcoat” – nbx.report GBN Video of the Week – “A Black Lady Sketch Show (TRAILER)” debuts on HBO August 2 https://youtu.be/EPBi9ttKbeU Top GBN Posts and Pages EDITORIAL: What I Said When My White Friend Asked for My Black Opinion on White Privilege University of North Florida Offers Full Scholarships to Address Shortage of Teachers From Underrepresented Groups Korey Wise Of "Central Park Five" Donates $190,000 to Help Fight Wrongful Convictions Homes of Harriet Tubman and Langston Hughes Among 22 Sites Getting Funding to Help Preserve African-American History The Gill Brothers, 13, 10 and 8, Launch Frères Branchiaux, an Eco-Friendly Candle Brand Now in Macy’s Latest GBN Tweets Baylor University is Now Collecting and Preserving Sermons from Black Civil Rights Era Preachers… twitter.com/i/web/status/1… 1 hour ago Amazon Studios Buys ‘Selah and the Spades,’ Will Develop Original Series with Writer/Director Tayarisha Poe… twitter.com/i/web/status/1… 7 hours ago RT @ava: Just off the phone with Korey Wise. 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__label__wiki	0.643079	0.643079	DAC 1904 Dunajska Streda Soccer Analysis, Match Record And Betting Stats Home \| Soccer Statistics Database \| DAC 1904 Dunajska Streda Soccer Analysis, Match Record And Betting Stats DAC 1904 Dunajska Streda Soccer Stats and Analysis Europe, Europa League Home vs Away Goals Comparison (Last 6 Matches) Last 6 Matches: DAC 1904 Dunajska Streda See full DAC 1904 Dunajska Streda results and performance >> Short-Term 1X2 (Home Win-Draw-Win Away) Ratio Short-Term Goals Over Ratio DAC 1904 Dunajska Streda Monthly Home Performance DAC 1904 Dunajska Streda Monthly Away Performance DAC 1904 Dunajska Streda Home Form Home Pts Flora 3 3 0 0 6 0 9 Europa FC 2 1 1 0 4 0 4 Malmo 1 1 0 0 7 0 3 Molde 1 1 0 0 7 1 3 Dinamo Tbilisi 1 1 0 0 6 0 3 KI Klaksvik 1 1 0 0 5 1 3 CSKA Sofia 1 1 0 0 4 0 3 Brondby 1 1 0 0 4 1 3 Cliftonville 2 1 0 1 4 1 3 Cukaricki 1 1 0 0 3 0 3 Debreceni 1 1 0 0 3 0 3 Ventspils 1 1 0 0 3 0 3 Budapest Honved 1 1 0 0 3 1 3 Alashkert 1 1 0 0 3 1 3 Sant Julia 1 1 0 0 3 2 3 Liepaja 3 0 3 0 3 3 3 Maccabi Haifa 1 1 0 0 2 0 3 KuPS 1 1 0 0 2 0 3 FCSB 1 1 0 0 2 0 3 Ballymena United 1 1 0 0 2 0 3 Crusaders 1 1 0 0 2 0 3 Radnik 1 1 0 0 2 0 3 Stjarnan 1 1 0 0 2 1 3 Engordany 1 1 0 0 2 1 3 Aberdeen 1 1 0 0 2 1 3 Cardiff Metropolitan University 1 1 0 0 2 1 3 St Josephs 2 1 0 1 2 4 3 Shakhtyor Soligorsk 1 1 0 0 1 0 3 Progres Niedercorn 1 1 0 0 1 0 3 Ordabasy 1 1 0 0 1 0 3 AEK Larnaca 1 1 0 0 1 0 3 DAC 1904 Dun. Streda 1 1 0 0 1 0 3 Pyunik 1 0 1 0 3 3 1 Brann 1 0 1 0 2 2 1 Laci 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 Riteriai 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 Prishtina 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 NSI Runavik 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 Jeunesse Esch 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 Breidablik 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 Barry Town 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 Balzan Youths 3 0 0 3 9 12 0 Olimpija 1 0 0 1 2 3 0 Sebail 1 0 0 1 2 3 0 Siroki Brijeg 1 0 0 1 1 2 0 Connahs Quay Nomads 1 0 0 1 1 2 0 Fola Esch 1 0 0 1 1 2 0 Zeta 1 0 0 1 1 5 0 La Fiorita 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 Kauno Zalgiris 1 0 0 1 0 2 0 Gzira United 1 0 0 1 0 2 0 Narva Trans 1 0 0 1 0 2 0 Cork City 1 0 0 1 0 2 0 St. Patrick`s Athletic 1 0 0 1 0 2 0 Speranta 1 0 0 1 0 3 0 Akademija Pandev 1 0 0 1 0 3 0 Tre Fiori 1 0 0 1 0 4 0 MFK Ruzomberok 3 0 0 3 0 6 0 DAC 1904 Dunajska Streda Away Form Away Pts Domzale 3 3 0 0 12 9 9 Levski 3 3 0 0 6 0 9 MOL Fehervar 1 1 0 0 5 1 3 Rangers 1 1 0 0 4 0 3 Zrinjski 1 1 0 0 3 0 3 Neftchi 1 1 0 0 3 0 3 CSU Craiova 1 1 0 0 3 2 3 Rigas Futbola Skola 1 1 0 0 3 2 3 Dynamo Minsk 3 0 3 0 3 3 3 Hajduk Split 1 1 0 0 2 0 3 Apollon Limassol 1 1 0 0 2 0 3 Buducnost Podgorica 1 1 0 0 2 0 3 IFK Norrkoping 1 1 0 0 2 0 3 Kairat 1 1 0 0 2 1 3 Kilmarnock 1 1 0 0 2 1 3 Chikhura 1 1 0 0 2 1 3 Haugesund 1 1 0 0 1 0 3 Shkupi 1 0 1 0 3 3 1 Shamrock Rovers 1 0 1 0 2 2 1 Hapoel Beer Sheva 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 Legia Warszawa 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 Tobol 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 Vaduz 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 Levadia Tallin 1 0 0 1 1 2 0 RoPS Rovaniemi 1 0 0 1 1 2 0 Zalgiris 1 0 0 1 1 3 0 Makedonija Gjorce Petrov 1 0 0 1 1 3 0 Inter Turku 1 0 0 1 1 4 0 KR Reykjavik 1 0 0 1 1 7 0 Hibernians Paola 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 Cracovia 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 Petrocub 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 Torpedo Kutaisi 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 Spartak Trnava 1 0 0 1 0 2 0 Vitebsk 1 0 0 1 0 2 0 B36 Torshavn 1 0 0 1 0 2 0 Milsami 1 0 0 1 0 2 0 Mura 1 0 0 1 0 2 0 Kukesi 1 0 0 1 0 3 0 Banants 1 0 0 1 0 3 0 Teuta 1 0 0 1 0 3 0 OFK Titograd 1 0 0 1 0 4 0 Radnicki Nis 3 0 0 3 0 6 0 Join for FREE to view Home Form betting stats for DAC 1904 Dunajska Streda! DAC 1904 Dunajska Streda Home Strength vs Avg. Home Strength This chart shows the home strength against the league average, which can help you to understand if DAC 1904 Dunajska Streda has recently performed above or below the normal average league performance. Avg. DAC 1904 Dunajska Streda Home Goals vs Avg. League Home Goals Discover the average goals scored by DAC 1904 Dunajska Streda when playing at home compared to the league average. Join for FREE to view Away Form betting stats for DAC 1904 Dunajska Streda! DAC 1904 Dunajska Streda Away Strength vs Avg. Away Strength This chart shows the away strength against the league average, which can help you to understand if DAC 1904 Dunajska Streda has recently performed above or below the normal average league performance. Avg. DAC 1904 Dunajska Streda Away Goals vs Avg. League Away Goals Discover the average goals scored by DAC 1904 Dunajska Streda when playing at away compared to the league average. DAC 1904 Dunajska Streda Home Variance (Compare Seasons) Join for FREE to view Home, Draw and Loss Season stats for DAC 1904 Dunajska Streda! Green signifies DAC 1904 Dunajska Streda has won more home games, drawn more home games or lost more home games than expected. Blue signifies DAC 1904 Dunajska Streda has won fewer home games, drawn fewer home games or lost fewer home games than expected. DAC 1904 Dunajska Streda Away Variance (Compare Seasons) Green signifies DAC 1904 Dunajska Streda has won more away games, drawn more away games or lost more away games than expected. Blue signifies DAC 1904 Dunajska Streda has won fewer away games, drawn fewer away games or lost fewer away games than expected.	cc/2019-30/en_head_0043.json.gz/line2324
__label__wiki	0.719935	0.719935	Adobe Security Bulletin Security Updates Available for Adobe Acrobat and Reader Vulnerability identifier: APSB16-33 CVE numbers: CVE-2016-1089, CVE-2016-1091, CVE-2016-4095, CVE-2016-6939, CVE-2016-6940, CVE-2016-6941, CVE-2016-6942, CVE-2016-6943, CVE-2016-6944, CVE-2016-6945, CVE-2016-6946, CVE-2016-6947, CVE-2016-6948, CVE-2016-6949, CVE-2016-6950, CVE-2016-6951, CVE-2016-6952, CVE-2016-6953, CVE-2016-6954, CVE-2016-6955, CVE-2016-6956, CVE-2016-6957, CVE-2016-6958, CVE-2016-6959, CVE-2016-6960, CVE-2016-6961, CVE-2016-6962, CVE-2016-6963, CVE-2016-6964, CVE-2016-6965, CVE-2016-6966, CVE-2016-6967, CVE-2016-6968, CVE-2016-6969, CVE-2016-6970, CVE-2016-6971, CVE-2016-6972, CVE-2016-6973, CVE-2016-6974, CVE-2016-6975, CVE-2016-6976, CVE-2016-6977, CVE-2016-6978, CVE-2016-6979, CVE-2016-6988, CVE-2016-6993, CVE-2016-6994, CVE-2016-6995, CVE-2016-6996, CVE-2016-6997, CVE-2016-6998, CVE-2016-6999, CVE-2016-7000, CVE-2016-7001, CVE-2016-7002, CVE-2016-7003, CVE-2016-7004, CVE-2016-7005, CVE-2016-7006, CVE-2016-7007, CVE-2016-7008, CVE-2016-7009, CVE-2016-7010, CVE-2016-7011, CVE-2016-7012, CVE-2016-7013, CVE-2016-7014, CVE-2016-7015, CVE-2016-7016, CVE-2016-7017, CVE-2016-7018, CVE-2016-7019, CVE-2016-7852, CVE-2016-7853, CVE-2016-7854 Platform: Windows and Macintosh Adobe has released security updates for Adobe Acrobat and Reader for Windows and Macintosh. These updates address critical vulnerabilities that could potentially allow an attacker to take control of the affected system. Affected Versions Acrobat DC Continuous 15.017.20053 and earlier versions Windows and Macintosh Acrobat Reader DC Continuous 15.017.20053 and earlier versions Acrobat DC Classic 15.006.30201 and earlier versions Acrobat Reader DC Classic 15.006.30201 and earlier versions Acrobat XI Desktop 11.0.17 and earlier versions Windows and Macintosh Reader XI Desktop 11.0.17 and earlier versions Windows and Macintosh For questions regarding Acrobat DC, please visit the Acrobat DC FAQ page. For questions regarding Acrobat Reader DC, please visit the Acrobat Reader DC FAQ page. Adobe recommends users update their software installations to the latest versions by following the instructions below. The latest product versions are available to end users via one of the following methods: Users can update their product installations manually by choosing Help > Check for Updates. The products will update automatically, without requiring user intervention, when updates are detected. The full Acrobat Reader installer can be downloaded from the Acrobat Reader Download Center. For IT administrators (managed environments): Download the enterprise installers from ftp://ftp.adobe.com/pub/adobe/, or refer to the specific release note version for links to installers. Install updates via your preferred methodology, such as AIP-GPO, bootstrapper, SCUP/SCCM (Windows), or on Macintosh, Apple Remote Desktop and SSH. Adobe categorizes these updates with the following priority ratings and recommends users update their installation to the newest version: Updated Versions Priority Rating Acrobat DC Continuous 15.020.20039 Windows and Macintosh 2 Windows Acrobat Reader DC Continuous 15.020.20039 Windows and Macintosh 2 Download Center Acrobat DC Classic 15.006.30243 2 Windows Acrobat Reader DC Classic 15.006.30243 Acrobat XI Desktop 11.0.18 Windows and Macintosh 2 Windows Reader XI Desktop 11.0.18 Windows and Macintosh 2 Windows These updates resolve use-after-free vulnerabilities that could lead to code execution (CVE-2016-1089, CVE-2016-1091, CVE-2016-6944, CVE-2016-6945, CVE-2016-6946, CVE-2016-6949, CVE-2016-6952, CVE-2016-6953, CVE-2016-6961, CVE-2016-6962, CVE-2016-6963, CVE-2016-6964, CVE-2016-6965, CVE-2016-6967, CVE-2016-6968, CVE-2016-6969, CVE-2016-6971, CVE-2016-6979, CVE-2016-6988, CVE-2016-6993). These updates resolve heap buffer overflow vulnerabilities that could lead to code execution (CVE-2016-6939, CVE-2016-6994). These updates resolve memory corruption vulnerabilities that could lead to code execution (CVE-2016-4095, CVE-2016-6940, CVE-2016-6941, CVE-2016-6942, CVE-2016-6943, CVE-2016-6947, CVE-2016-6948, CVE-2016-6950, CVE-2016-6951, CVE-2016-6954, CVE-2016-6955, CVE-2016-6956, CVE-2016-6959, CVE-2016-6960, CVE-2016-6966, CVE-2016-6970, CVE-2016-6972, CVE-2016-6973, CVE-2016-6974, CVE-2016-6975, CVE-2016-6976, CVE-2016-6977, CVE-2016-6978, CVE-2016-6995, CVE-2016-6996, CVE-2016-6997, CVE-2016-6998, CVE-2016-7000, CVE-2016-7001, CVE-2016-7002, CVE-2016-7003, CVE-2016-7004, CVE-2016-7005, CVE-2016-7006, CVE-2016-7007, CVE-2016-7008, CVE-2016-7009, CVE-2016-7010, CVE-2016-7011, CVE-2016-7012, CVE-2016-7013, CVE-2016-7014, CVE-2016-7015, CVE-2016-7016, CVE-2016-7017, CVE-2016-7018, CVE-2016-7019, CVE-2016-7852, CVE-2016-7853, CVE-2016-7854). These updates resolve various methods to bypass restrictions on Javascript API execution (CVE-2016-6957). These updates resolve a security bypass vulnerability (CVE-2016-6958). These updates resolve an integer overflow vulnerability that could lead to code execution (CVE-2016-6999). Adobe would like to thank the following individuals and organizations for reporting the relevant issues and for working with Adobe to help protect our customers: Steven Seeley of Source Incite working with iDefense (CVE-2016-6949) Jaanus Kääp of Clarified Security (CVE-2016-1089, CVE-2016-1091, CVE-2016-6954, CVE-2016-6955, CVE-2016-6956) Steven Seeley of Source Incite working with Trend Micro's Zero Day Initiative (CVE-2016-6971) Kushal Arvind Shah of Fortinet's FortiGuard Labs (CVE-2016-6948) Dmitri Kaslov (CVE-2016-7012) AbdulAziz Hariri of Trend Micro's Zero Day Initiative (CVE-2016-6944, CVE-2016-6945) Ke Liu of Tencent's Xuanwu LAB (CVE-2016-4095, CVE-2016-6993, CVE-2016-6994, CVE-2016-6995, CVE-2016-6996, CVE-2016-6997, CVE-2016-6998, CVE-2016-6999, CVE-2016-7000, CVE-2016-7001, CVE-2016-7002, CVE-2016-7003, CVE-2016-7004, CVE-2016-7005, CVE-2016-7006, CVE-2016-7007, CVE-2016-7008, CVE-2016-7009, CVE-2016-7010, CVE-2016-7011, CVE-2016-7013, CVE-2016-7014, CVE-2016-7015, CVE-2016-7016, CVE-2016-7017, CVE-2016-7018, CVE-2016-7019, CVE-2016-7852, CVE-2016-7853) kdot working with Trend Micro's Zero Day Initiative (CVE-2016-6940, CVE-2016-6941, CVE-2016-7854) Wei Lei and Liu Yang of Nanyang Technological University working with Trend Micro's Zero Day Initiative (CVE-2016-6969) Aakash Jain and Dhanesh Kizhakkinan of FireEye Inc. (CVE-2016-6943) Sebastian Apelt Siberas working with Trend Micro's Zero Day Initiative (CVE-2016-6942, CVE-2016-6946, CVE-2016-6947, CVE-2016-6950, CVE-2016-6951, CVE-2016-6952, CVE-2016-6953, CVE-2016-6988) Anonymously reported through Trend Micro's Zero Day Initiative (CVE-2016-6959, CVE-2016-6960, CVE-2016-6961, CVE-2016-6962, CVE-2016-6963, CVE-2016-6964, CVE-2016-6965, CVE-2016-6966, CVE-2016-6967, CVE-2016-6968, CVE-2016-6972, CVE-2016-6973, CVE-2016-6974, CVE-2016-6975, CVE-2016-6976, CVE-2016-6977, CVE-2016-6979) Abdulrahman Alqabandi (CVE-2016-6970) Kai Lu of Fortinet's FortiGuard Labs (CVE-2016-6939) Gal De Leon of Palo Alto Networks (CVE-2016-6957, CVE-2016-6958) October 21, 2016: Added references to CVE-2016-7852, CVE-2016-7853, and CVE-2016-7854, which were inadvertently omitted from the bulletin. November 10, 2016: Added references to CVE-2016-4095, which was inadvertently omitted from the bulletin.	cc/2019-30/en_head_0043.json.gz/line2327
__label__cc	0.548333	0.451667	Cambridge Scholars Britain-bound New Harvard Overseers and HAA Directors Evelyn Richmond and Arsen Charles The Senior Alumni Evelyn Richmond ’41 and Arsen Charles ’42 led the 2019 alumni parade. As a performer, Lauderdale is often the center of attention. With Meow Meow, he embraces a supportive role. Photograph by Autumn de Wilde Cabaret and Cooperation Pink Martini bandleader Thomas Lauderdale is at his best bringing people together. The master architects: Hall for Worship of the Ancestors, Beijing, early fifteenth century with many later repairs Photograph by Nancy Shatzman Steinhardt Recent books with Harvard connections Stuart Schreiber sits “where I go to talk to my mother,” by the memorial paver that he had installed for her at Boston’s Rose Kennedy Greenway. Truth: A Love Story A scientist discovers his own family’s secrets. American activists unfurl a banner in front of the Supreme Court. James M. Thresher/Washington Post/Getty Images Capital Punishment’s Persistence An historian tracks the death penalty’s persistence in America. Commencement Address by John Lithgow ’67: “An Actor's Own Words” by John Lithgow '67, Ar.D. '05 Mr. President, faculty, graduates, families, and friends, good afternoon and thank you for the honor of addressing you all today. This speech is a major event in my own personal history but an interesting little footnote in Harvard’s history as well: I am the first professional actor to speak at a Harvard Commencement. Notice that I have specified “professional” actor, since I am sure that, as in all walks of life, there has been plenty of play-acting at this dais over the years. In choosing me, the thoughtful men and women who selected your Commencement speaker have shown uncharacteristic recklessness. You see, we actors make our reputations and build our careers by speaking other people’s words. Ask us to express our own thoughts and you never know what’s going to come out. I barely know myself. My reflexive instinct is simply to entertain you (and in fact, I do intend to offer up a modest performance by the end of my remarks), but I am well aware that this is an occasion of dignity and of gravity, and that a certain amount of Graduation Day wisdom is called for. But wisdom from an actor? Are you kidding? If I were a wise man I never would have gone into the acting profession. Rather than presuming to pass down wisdom, I have decided to think of my address as a friendly and anecdotal conversation with the Harvard College Class of 2005. Thirty-eight years ago, I was one of you, sitting with my classmates and listening to a speech. I am going to touch on a few episodes in my picaresque journey from down there to up here, and I leave it to you to root out any wisdom therein. I bet that word “picaresque” got your attention. I am afraid that is one of the few words that I still remember from my four years of studying English history and literature at Harvard. As I recall, the word “picaresque” is used to describe a long adventure which teaches its hero a series of lessons to live by – an apt subject for a Commencement address. Although I hesitate to dub myself a hero, I have stumbled across a few lessons, especially in the last dozen years, and, considering the occasion, this is a good time to share them with you. I’ll get to the adventures in a moment, but I will lead with the lessons. Basically they boil down to four succinct phrases: Be creative. Be useful. Be practical. Simple as that. And now for the adventures. I actually had two Harvard Educations. The first one concluded on the day I that graduated. Shortly thereafter, I launched myself into the acting game where, for the next 20 years, I virtually kept my Harvard degree a secret. Somehow it never seemed to come in all that handy when I was auditioning for a soap opera or a potato-chip commercial. My second Harvard education began when I was invited back into the fold, in 1989. In another example of Harvard recklessness, I was asked to run for the Board of Overseers, presumably to redress the fact that no one from the world of the Arts had served on the Board since the poet Robert Frost [’01, Litt.D. ’37] in the 1930s. Equally reckless, the Harvard alumni elected me. In what I eventually learned was a typical pattern, I spent the first half of my six years as an Overseer wondering what in the world I was doing there. Then I recalled my personal agenda. I was presumed to be the Arts Overseer, so I proposed an Overseers’ Ad Hoc Committee on the Arts. The committee was quickly established, mainly because there seemed to be no good reason not to. In 1992, with the support and encouragement of the new University president, Neil Rudenstine, the committee created Arts First, a springtime celebration of undergraduate arts activity at Harvard. We joined forces with Myra Mayman, then head of the Office of the Arts, and together we applied ourselves to the rare and exhilarating task of inventing traditions. That 1992 festival, with its parade, its Saturday performance fair, its campus barbecue, and its big yellow tent, has been replicated a dozen times since, growing bigger and bigger every year. It is now virtually impossible to imagine a school year at Harvard College without it. And without it, I assure you, I would not be delivering your Commencement address today. The creation of Arts First was a lesson for me in the power of a simple idea. But the big lessons were yet to come. In 1995, my last year as an Overseer, I proposed the Harvard Arts Medal, to be awarded every year during Arts First to an alum who had gone into the creative arts. The idea was to highlight the fact that, although the instances are rare, Harvard students do sometimes become artists, and major artists at that. Again, the Board agreed to the proposal, and that spring the first Harvard Arts Medal was presented to Jack Lemmon [’47], a delightful, open-hearted honoree. Since then, the award has been presented annually, 11 times in all. This spring was the first time in all these years that I could not be here for Arts First, so sadly I missed the presentation of the Medal to the poet Maxine Kumin [’46, A.M. ’48, RI ’63]. Every spring, one of the events planned around the presentation of the Arts Medal has been a question-and-answer session that I have conducted with the honoree, for an audience of interested students. The Q&As have been held under the auspices of the Office of the Arts’ splendid “Learning from Performers” series. My yearly conversations with the Medal-winning artists made up the core curriculum of my second Harvard education. For, although none of them was an educator, all of them were dazzling, inspiring teachers. My moments with them, with all those students following every word, are the adventures that I was just talking about. Several of the Medal recipients had something in common. They told us about pet projects they had initiated that went outside and beyond what they were known for. Having achieved success in their fields, they had looked around, spotted problems or challenges, and figured out how they could help. Then they had boldly used their success to make good things happen. They tended to tell their stories without self-aggrandizement, only after being prodded, and they tended to tell them in a sensible, businesslike manner, as if they were describing good carpentry or a well-run board meeting. I began to see that many of the qualities that made them great artists were the same qualities that made them good people. It was through their words that I began formulating my simple lessons to live by. They were creative, God knows. But their actions were also eminently useful, practical, and generous. Let me give you some examples. The 1996 Medal recipient was Pete Seeger [’40]. He thrilled the students with his story of the sloop Clearwater. One day in the mid 60s, on a train to New York City from his upstate home, he sat next to an acquaintance from the world of business and finance. Looking out the window at the Hudson River, Seeger daydreamed aloud about building a replica of one of the great sailing vessels that had carried goods along that route to and from the Erie Canal, a hundred and fifty years earlier. Six months after that chance meeting, Seeger was astonished when the same acquaintance approached him on the same train and told him he had raised the money for Pete’s fanciful pipe dream. Pete’s response, he recalled, was, “Well, I guess now we’re gonna have to build it!” Within a few years, Seeger was sailing the Hudson on the sloop Clearwater, giving concerts at cities and towns along the banks, taking children on historical field trips, and raising people’s consciousness about the sad state of the polluted Hudson. Using the ship as a potent symbol, he lobbied the federal government on behalf of the Clean Water Act. The act was passed in 1972 and remains one of the most successful environmental laws in history. As for the Hudson River, its level of pollution is drastically lower that it was that first day on the train, a change which came about substantially because of Pete Seeger’s whim. And Pete Seeger, you recall, is a folk singer. The following year, the Medal winner was Bonnie Raitt [’72]. She had a good story, too. At the height of her success, having sold millions of records and having won a slew of Grammy Awards, she was approached by Fender Guitars with a very lucrative offer. They wanted to produce and sell a new model autographed guitar, one suited to her particular style of blues playing. She answered that she had no interest in making money off her autograph on a guitar, but that she would accept their offer on one condition. She would use her share of the proceeds from the sale of this new guitar as seed money to fund guitar lessons for inner-city kids all over the country, through the Boys and Girls Clubs of America. Fender, she insisted, would have to lend its support as well. The program quickly spread to over 200 venues. Twelve years have passed since Bonnie’s bright idea. Now known as the Boys and Girls Club Program for Music Education, it is still going strong. Now my entire speech could be devoted to stories like this: David Hays [’52] and the National Theatre of the Deaf, Mira Nair [’79] and her film school in Uganda, William Christie [’66] and his “Jardins des Voix,” Yo-Yo Ma [’76, D.Mus. ’91] and his Silk Road Project. These were all marvelous, inspiring tales, but what was especially exciting about them was the fact that they were being told to college students, just at the moment when they most needed to hear them. Because here is the point: Many of you are leaving Harvard with lofty, ambitious goals. (Those of you who have no immediate goals, don’t worry, you will discover them soon). A lot of you will achieve those goals, some with extravagant success. In fact, I’m secretly counting on you to go out and make things right in this perilous, suffering world and in this deeply troubled nation. But when you get what you’re aiming for, or even as you go through the process of getting it, think about what else you can also do. Think about the people I just described to you, how they went beyond their original aspirations, sometimes in wildly unlikely ways. Think about how they made a difference in the world and how much joy and pride they took in what they accomplished. Think about how they mingled art and commerce for the public good. And then, if you like, take the word “art” out of the equation; because you certainly don’t have to be an artist to follow their example. It is sometimes a very simple thing to be creative, to be useful, to be practical, and to be generous. I followed their example myself. I conducted six of those yearly Arts Medal symposia during my six seasons on the TV sitcom 3rd Rock from the Sun. That show was arguably the most successful job I’ve ever had—popular, high-profile, lucrative, and deliriously fun. But its very success gave me the opportunity to branch out from it. In retrospect, I have come to believe that, consciously or unconsciously, my annual visits to Harvard inspired me to create an entire concurrent second career. Ever since my own kids were tiny, I always entertained children. I sang songs, played guitar, and told stories to them in classrooms, assemblies, and benefits. I got very good at performing for that extremely difficult, distractible audience. And I just loved it. Back from Harvard, sprawled in my dressing room near the 3rd Rock sound stage, I began thinking of what good use I might make of that particular enthusiasm. A hit sitcom is like a magic wand: when you suggest things to people they tend to say yes. So I began making suggestions. First there was an album of kids’ songs for Sony Records. That led to children’s concerts at Carnegie Hall and with major symphony orchestras in Baltimore, Pittsburgh, Detroit, and Chicago. I started writing songs and stories for the concerts. One of the stories became a children’s book. Then a second, third, fourth. I started being referred to as “Actor and Best-selling Author.” I wrote the narration for a new version of Carnival of the Animals for the New York City Ballet. I even danced the role of “The Elephant”! All of these projects had the simple, obvious goal of delighting children, but I had a secret agenda, too. I was seeking to stir an interest in the Arts in young people, to educate them without their knowing it. I hold the fierce conviction that the Arts are indispensable to a healthy society — that was the easiest round of applause I ever got, talk about stating the obvious — but everywhere I see evidence that support for the Arts is foundering, even under assault. I realized there was something I could do about it. With Jesuitical zeal, I began to see a personal mission taking shape: I could get them while they’re young. But I was also a busy working actor, and this was getting completely out of hand. So I joined forces with a consulting firm in Los Angeles. It was made up of three smart, vibrant women who called themselves “Broadthink." (Yes, I intended a laugh for that.) Together we devised various publishing and media projects for kids, parents, teachers, and public schools, many of them spun off of what I had already done. We carefully refined our mission, always striving to connect the dots between entertainment, education, the arts, creative play, and family. This was our attempt, however naïve and idealistic, to educate and enliven young minds and to loosen the grip that violent video games hold these days on the imagination of millions of young people. (Funny, I expected to get a few boos on that.) To my surprise, I emerged as a kind of Pied Piper of arts education and literacy for kids. I delighted in this quixotic new role. And I had chosen such expert collaborators that I still had time to, for example, perform eight times a week on Broadway, the sort of thing that is generally expected of me. Through all of this, Pete Seeger, Bonnie Raitt, and all the others were never far from my thoughts. Then came that voice on the telephone this past March, asking me to deliver today’s Commencement address. Overwhelmed by the honor but daunted by the task, I went back to basics. In plotting my course, I reminded myself of my four lessons: be creative, be useful, be practical, and be generous. And for today, I have added a fifth dictum, tailored to those of you out there who are heading into the world of entertainment: finish big. As promised, it is now time for my performance. “What is it?” you ask. Well, number one, it is creative. It's a little crackpot, perhaps, but definitely creative. Since college graduation is the clearest possible demarcation between childhood and adulthood, I have decided to write a brand new children’s book and to recite it for you. Think of it as a kind of fond farewell to your young years. The book is about a mouse named Mahalia who goes to college. Just to bring things full circle, call it a picaresque tale. She has adventures and she learns a lot. Is it useful? Well, it’s certainly intended to be. It is calculated to make little children curious and excited about the notion of education in general and college in particular. And hopefully its usefulness will extend to pouring oil on troubled waters: your campus was roiled by a bitter, divisive controversy in the last semester of your undergraduate years. The book is my cheerful and constructive response to all the turbulence: Mahalia Mouse, you see, studies science. Is it practical? Oh yes, I’m nothing if not practical. The manuscript has been reviewed and accepted by my editor at Simon & Schuster, and the long journey to publication is already underway. The book will be out in the spring of 2007. And generous? Well, I have come to see performing in its purest form as a gift to an audience, so perhaps you can think of my recitation as my graduation gift to you. But beyond that, the book itself, in a sense, is yours. Go into a bookstore about 20 months from now. Find the book, open it up, and look at the verso. It will be dedicated to the Harvard College Class of 2005. And one more thing. The heart of an old Overseer still beats in me. In hopes of inspiring you to be generous to Harvard for all the days of your lives, my advance for the book is my contribution to your Class Gift. But to my story. First, some brief author’s notes: although it is not mentioned in the text, the illustrations will distinctly show that the setting is Harvard. The first page, in fact, will feature Dunster House in the rain, as seen from across the Charles River. Any mention of news or a newspaper will feature an image of the Harvard Crimson. Finally, my science consultant for the book was none other than Harvard’s own Professor Jeremy Knowles. You may want to picture Mahalia as his plucky granddaughter. Now sit back, savor the sublime absurdity of the moment and listen to the last storybook of your childhood. The Tale of Mahalia Mouse [a children’s story told in 24 stanzas of rhyming verse, recited by the author] My gift to the Class of 2005. Congratulations and have a wonderful, wonderful life!	cc/2019-30/en_head_0043.json.gz/line2333
__label__cc	0.733374	0.266626	Why HECUA? Study USA About HECUA Anti-Racism Efforts Art for Social Change Inequality in America Making Media, Making Change Race in America Ecuador J-Term Custom Program: Trinidad May Term Domestic FAQs Why HECUA HECUA classrooms Ask me about my genitals: an experiment in vulnerability, openness, and discomfort HECUA programs offer students a chance to think deeply about the issues that matter most, and we’d like to share a piece of that experience with you. This semester, students in our Inequality in America, Art for Social Change, and Making Media, Making Change programs are writing a series of blog posts on a topic of their choosing. We asked Inequality in America students to consider a theory or reading that intersects with their lived experience. Making Media, Making Change and Art for Social Change students will offer a window into their creative processes, and describe how what they are learning guides their art. Over the next few months we’ll publish a number of these powerful reflections from our students. Please share them widely! You can find all of the posts by searching the HECUA classrooms category on our blog. By AJ Gerick My first assignment in HECUA’s Art for Social Change program was to make a piece of public art. I wanted to explore my queer identity as it relates to others, but at first I couldn’t think of a way to do it. We were asked what parts of our history have been hidden from us, and why. I realized while I was trying to research for this project that there is very little documentation of terms of trans history. There is the surface level explanation that gender variance existed in ancient cultures and that it happened in multiple different cultures without contact between them. There is what survives of Magnus Hirschfeld’s library and his accomplishments in advancing trans medicine. But most of his books were burned, most of his research destroyed. When people claim that there weren’t trans people until the 1930’s, when we became more visible, they deliberately ignore that our history was destroyed. There’s no doubt in my mind that this was calculated. If you don’t see yourself represented in the past, it’s hard to envision yourself in the future. The lack of direct links to and images of past generations of trans people sends a message that we won’t survive to an old age. This extends to the erasure of non-binary people. Only certain images of trans people that cis society can live with are shared. The knowledge that this erasure occurred and continues to occur keeps me awake at night. I created a public space to speak about my experience as a trans person in society. I was interested in finding out what assumptions people make about my gender, so I asked people to draw what they think is between my legs. In return, I answered any questions that they had about my identity or experience with gender. I wanted to encourage people to ask really difficult and uncomfortable questions because I think we learn best while uncomfortable. When I find myself in a situation that puts me on edge, I want to know why. I stop and I think about what unsettles me. I discovered two things from doing this project; first, that I don’t mind being in a state of discomfort when I get to engineer the situation; second, that I really want to continue to make people uncomfortable. I want to make it ok to talk about the most uncomfortable parts of transitioning, because when younger trans people (like me) have been deliberately separated from previous generations it can be really difficult to know what to expect going into any transition process. Someone asked me if being on testosterone has changed the way that I have sex. This was a challenging question for me initially. I was shocked on some level about being asked to describe the way I have sex, but I also completely understood the question. Our sexual education in this country –when it isn’t abstinence-only– is so heteronormative that it could make a straight wedding seem gay. Genitals should be destigmatized. We all have them and we need to talk about them otherwise when something is wrong with yours, you may not know until it’s too late. The stigma around genitals is so powerful that I thought I was dying when I first started menstruating, and I have an extra difficult time navigating this secretive world as a trans person with genitals that no longer fit binary norms. We also need to normalize trans bodies. I want to see myself represented in art and media and entertainment and politics and medicine. Someone asked me directly what my genitals look like. This was the question that I paused the longest before answering. I think that, like a lot of trans people, I had this idea that if I wanted to be taken seriously as a masculine-of-center person (using a spectrum of gender, I say that my own falls somewhat on the masculine side but remains close to the middle), acknowledging that my starting point was a female designation at birth felt dangerous. This disclosure divulges a piece of identity that most trans people are told by other trans people to keep hidden. It made me wonder whether this is to our benefit or not. Without acknowledging the starting point you lose an integral part of that person’s lifelong journey of gender. These are questions that, if I had been asked anywhere outside of the performance space, I would have been completely unable to answer. I would probably have been so uncomfortable with being asked that I would be sent into an anxiety attack. This was one of the biggest surprises for me, having never done anything that could be considered performance art. The interactions I had were simultaneously incredibly genuine, but also, to a certain extent, were disconnected from reality. But within the space that I created for myself to be completely honest with people, I found that it wasn’t hard to answer, and to be honest. When I had a chance over spring break to sit down and write longer and more well-articulated responses to the questions asked during the performance I found myself writing pages and pages. I poured in so much of my emotional energy that I could only write an answer to one question every couple of days. I still haven’t done this for all of the questions I received. I want to find a way to do this performance multiple times, and to write out enough of these responses that I could collect them in a book. This piece could be a response to the common critique of contemporary queer politics: “The words and categories all change so fast, you can’t blame me for not keeping up. I didn’t major in gender studies!” To an extent, I can get behind a statement like this. Academia is super insular and doesn’t make attempts at being accessible to those who stand to benefit the most from the work that is being done in fields like queer politics and gender studies. The problem that I have with this critique, though, is that I think it attempts to erase cis-gendered, heterosexual people’s responsibility to learn. If they didn’t major in it, they don’t feel that they ever have to know it. This rubs me the wrong way. You don’t need a degree in gender studies to be able to keep up with the ever-changing understanding of gender. All that is required to keep up with accepted terminology and etiquette is the belief that trans folks be given time and space in which to share their experiences. I think there are ways of explaining complex ideas about gender in simple ways, without resorting to binary logic and rhetoric, and I’m committed to finding out exactly what this looks like. This Art for Social Change class with HECUA excites me because it’s an opportunity to break down the barrier between theory and praxis, and to start thinking in terms of community accessibility and engagement. I did not consider myself an artist before taking this class, and would never have considered doing anything that could be called performance art. I’m incredibly grateful for this class–and this assignment in particular– for opening my eyes to my interest in public art and community engagement. To learn more about HECUA’s Art for Social Change program, click here. art for social change, Student story Back To Top Menu Apply to Study USA Apply to Study Abroad Application Process and Deadlines HECUA has a 40 plus year history of taking students out of the classroom and into study abroad and study off-campus partnerships with communities in the US and around the world. hecua@hecua.org 2233 University Avenue W, Suite 210 Enrolled Student Login	cc/2019-30/en_head_0043.json.gz/line2335
__label__wiki	0.610042	0.610042	Impact Global Location: Mali REF impact found 14 Case Studies Conflict management and post-conflict reconstruction in Casamance, Senegal Martin Evans' research concerns conflict and its aftermath in the Casamance region of southern Senegal — the scene of West Africa's longest-running insurgency. His work has influenced policy, humanitarian and development activity in the region and beyond, and has informed Western governments, international agencies and non-governmental organisations in their interventions to support peacebuilding and `post-conflict' reconstruction. In addition, Evans has provided expert testimony in relation to asylum claims made in Western countries by Casamançais fleeing persecution. Building on his previous work, Evans has conducted the underpinning research for this activity while at Chester as a lecturer (February 2009-July 2011) and senior lecturer (August 2011-present). His work has a lasting impact because of the situation's intractability and the need to address ongoing violence and human displacement. The conflict also retains the capacity to destabilise neighbouring countries. University of Chester Geography, Environmental Studies and Archaeology Studies In Human Society: Political Science History and Archaeology: Historical Studies Developing a new approach to malaria prevention in children: seasonal malaria chemoprevention in West Africa Research in West Africa by LSHTM and partners has shown that monthly treatment with effective antimalarial drugs during the rainy season provides children with a very high degree of personal protection against malaria, can be delivered on a large scale by community health workers at moderate cost, and with no serious side-effects. Based on this research, WHO now recommends that children living in Sahel areas where malaria is a major problem should receive such `seasonal malaria chemoprevention' (SMC) with sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine plus amodiaquine. Ten countries have incorporated SMC into their strategic plans for malaria control. London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine Public Health, Health Services and Primary Care Medical and Health Sciences: Clinical Sciences, Medical Microbiology, Public Health and Health Services French and British Africa policy. Enhancing Understanding, Improving cooperation Political instability and insecurity in Africa have become increasingly salient issues since the 1990s. For historical reasons the UK and France are the two EU member states with long-standing commitments in Africa. Chafer's research has had an impact in three main ways: by providing research-based evidence that has informed decision-making, by providing policy recommendations regarding opportunities for cooperation and by sustaining `institutional memory' concerning the Saint-Malo process, which promised enhanced Anglo-French cooperation on Africa policy. In these ways it has made a significant contribution to enhancing peace and security on the continent. University of Portsmouth Improving global efforts to reduce child poverty and deprivation: the impact of the Bristol Approach and its contribution to identification, measurement and monitoring. Research conducted by the Centre for the Study of Poverty and Social Justice (CSPSJ) led to a new way of assessing child poverty in developing countries. This novel method (termed the Bristol Approach) resulted in the United Nations General Assembly's adoption, for the first time, of an international definition of child poverty (2006). It also underpinned UNICEFs Global Study on Child Poverty and Disparities (2008-10), which was run in over 50 countries. In the last ten years, the CSPSJ's work has put child poverty at the centre of international social and public policy debates. Its researchers have advised governments and international agencies on devising anti-poverty strategies and programmes that specifically meet the needs of children, and have significantly influenced the way child poverty is studied around the world. The Centre has developed academic and professional training courses for organisations like UNICEF on the issues of children's rights and child-poverty. Our work has also spurred NGOs such as Save the Children to develop their own child-development indices, and so has had a direct and profound impact on the lives of poor children around the planet. Social Work and Social Policy Medical and Health Sciences: Public Health and Health Services Improving methodologies for the detection and identification of malaria parasites in human blood Work by LSHTM researchers has led to a greater understanding of Plasmodium malaria parasite species and contributed new methodologies for diagnosis. As a result, patients with the uncommon species P. knowlesi and many hundreds with P. ovale spp. have been correctly diagnosed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and the rapid detection of parasite DNA is revolutionising clinical trial design. The work has led to the successful commercialisation of a low-cost, easy-to-use malaria testing kit for use in developing countries. Through media outputs and further research, the work has taken awareness of the issues surrounding malaria diagnostics to an international audience. Medical and Health Sciences: Medical Microbiology Improving the provision of climate and weather information to smallholders in Africa and south Asia. Reading research has led to changes in policies and activities of national and international organisations that support the development of smallholder agriculture, particularly those who focus on provision of climate and weather information. Over the 2008-2013 period, the research has resulted in improved understanding of farmers' perceptions and information needs together with the design and implementation of methods for providing climate information services that better reflect smallholders' requirements. The research has to date had impact on the policies and activities of organisations responsible for design and delivery of climate information and services in at least 10 countries in Africa and South Asia and benefited thousands of farmers. Earth Sciences: Atmospheric Sciences Engineering: Geomatic Engineering Shaping development policies toward fragile states Research at Oxford, led by Paul Collier, on the causes and consequences of conflict and state failure for low income economies has informed policymakers, and contributed to a substantial increase in the proportion of aid programmes devoted to addressing these problems. Using rigorous quantitative methods, the research has identified the economic factors underlying conflict and state failure in low income countries, quantified the substantial costs inherent in state failure and mis-governance, and proposed effective ways of addressing these problems. The impact of Collier's team's research has been further expedited by his prominent role as advisor to governments and policymakers (eg. IMF, DFID, World Bank). In this way, Collier and his team's research has substantially influenced current thinking on development policy. Economics: Applied Economics, Econometrics Bringing Malian Music to International Audiences (Lucy Duran) Dr Lucy Duran's ethnomusicological research into the traditional musical forms, cultural practices and instruments of Mali has underpinned the studio production of two internationally acclaimed albums, Segu Blue, winner of two BBC Radio 3 Music Awards for Best World Music Album and Best African Artist in 2008, and I Speak Fula, a 2010 Grammy nominee for Best Traditional World Music Album. Both have raised awareness amongst musicians and global audiences of Bamana musical traditions, including the ngoni, the oldest of the West African lutes and, until Segu Blue, an instrument hardly known beyond West Africa. School of Oriental & African Studies Music, Drama, Dance and Performing Arts Language, Communication and Culture: Cultural Studies, Literary Studies Driving improved practice and associated economic benefits in the mineral exploration industry through development of integrated mineralogical and petrographic techniques. Innovative application of fluid inclusion analysis led to the development of a novel technique for mapping mineral deposits. This has been developed into an exploration tool in collaboration with a leading mineral exploration company, Randgold Resources. Mapping different fluid pathways within potentially mineralised terranes through analysis of fluid inclusion chemistries enables definition of areas through which mineralising, as opposed to barren ore fluids, passed. Applying this has enabled Randgold Resources to increase efficiency and save costs in its exploration and mining activities. Kingston University research has changed the working practices of Randgold Resources, with consequent economic benefit to that company. Chemical Sciences: Analytical Chemistry Earth Sciences: Geochemistry, Geology Improving financial access to health care in low income countries Public financing of health services in low income countries was challenged by the World Bank's Agenda for Reform in 1987, which advocated increased roles for private sector, private insurance and user fees. This was followed by a wave of reforms implementing this approach. McPake has been involved in researching the implications of this shift since this period and has published a series of influential articles that have had a demonstrable impact on this debate. Removal of user fees for all, or selected, services or for selected population groups has occurred in many countries, including 28 of 50 countries with the highest maternal and child health mortality included in a recent survey (http://bit.ly/17FUiDM). Witter is the lead researcher who has examined country level experiences of removing fees and it is demonstrable that her work has been applied in specific countries to shape the details of policy and has also had a major influence on the global debate. Queen Margaret University Edinburgh Economics: Applied Economics Studies In Human Society: Policy and Administration Submitting Institution: All Institutions (14) London (5) Kingston University (1) London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine (2) School of Oriental and African Studies (2) North East (1) Newcastle upon Tyne (University of) (1) North West (1) Chester (University of) (1) Scotland (2) Edinburgh (University of) (1) Queen Margaret University Edinburgh (1) South East (4) Oxford (University of) (1) Portsmouth (University of) (1) Reading (University of) (1) Sussex (University of) (1) South West (1) Bristol (University of) (1) Unit of Assessment: All Units of Assessment (14) Main Panel A (3) Clinical Medicine (1) Public Health, Health Services and Primary Care (1) Biological Sciences (1) Main Panel B (1) Mathematical Sciences (1) Main Panel C (7) Geography, Environmental Studies and Archaeology (3) Economics and Econometrics (1) Social Work and Social Policy (1) Anthropology and Development Studies (2) Main Panel D (3) Area Studies (1) Music, Drama, Dance and Performing Arts (1) Communication, Cultural and Media Studies, Library and Information Management (1) Summary Impact Type: All Impact Types (14) Political (4) Health (4) Cultural (2) Technological (1) Societal (2) Economic (1) Research Subject Area: All Subject Areas (14) Mathematical Sciences (1) Statistics (1) Chemical Sciences (1) Analytical Chemistry (1) Earth Sciences (2) Atmospheric Sciences (1) Geochemistry (1) Geology (1) Engineering (1) Geomatic Engineering (1) Medical and Health Sciences (6) Clinical Sciences (1) Medical Microbiology (4) Neurosciences (1) Public Health and Health Services (4) Built Environment and Design (1) Architecture (1) Education (1) Curriculum and Pedagogy (1) Specialist Studies In Education (1) Economics (2) Applied Economics (2) Econometrics (1) Studies In Human Society (5) Policy and Administration (2) Political Science (2) Sociology (2) Law and Legal Studies (1) Law (1) Language, Communication and Culture (1) Cultural Studies (1) Literary Studies (1) History and Archaeology (3) Historical Studies (3) Impact Global Location: All countries (14) Africa (14) Algeria (1) Angola (1) Benin (1) Burkina Faso (4) Burundi (1) Cameroon (1) Central African Republic (1) Chad (2) Democratic Republic of the Congo (1) Djibouti (1) Egypt (1) Ethiopia (3) Ghana (2) Guinea (1) Guinea-Bissau (1) Kenya (2) Lesotho (2) Liberia (2) Madagascar (2) Malawi (3) Mali (14) Morocco (1) Mozambique (1) Niger (4) Nigeria (1) Senegal (7) Sierra Leone (3) South Africa (1) Sudan (2) Tanzania (3) Togo (2) Uganda (3) Zimbabwe (3) Asia (6) Afghanistan (1) Bangladesh (2) Bhutan (1) China (1) India (2) Indonesia (1) Japan (1) Kazakhstan (1) Kyrgyzstan (1) Laos (1) Lebanon (1) Malaysia (1) Maldives (1) Mongolia (1) Myanmar (1) Nepal (2) Pakistan (1) Philippines (1) Sri Lanka (1) Thailand (1) Uzbekistan (1) Vietnam (1) Yemen (2) Europe (5) Belgium (1) France (2) Kosovo (1) Netherlands (2) Norway (1) Portugal (1) Ukraine (1) United Kingdom (4) North America (4) Canada (2) Haiti (1) Jamaica (1) Mexico (1) Nicaragua (1) United States (1) South America (1) Bolivia (1) Brazil (1) Oceania (2) Australia (1) Solomon Islands (1) Vanuatu (1) Impact UK Location: All places (14) England (4) Bristol (1) Chester (1) London (2) Newcastle-upon-Tyne (1) Plymouth (1) Project Funders: No funder selected (14) Arts and Humanities Research Council (2) British Academy (2) Economic and Social Research Council (3) Natural Environment Research Council (1) Royal Society (1) Wellcome Trust (1)	cc/2019-30/en_head_0043.json.gz/line2346
__label__wiki	0.820342	0.820342	Book review of The Idol Thief: Spirited Awayhttps://indianexpress.com/article/lifestyle/books/spirited-away-idol-thief-book-review-indian-temples-5399944/ Book review of The Idol Thief: Spirited Away This story, to me, poignantly signifies what British Company rule stood for in relation to India’s heritage and how museum collections in England were built up – through colonial loot and archaeological rapine and, as in this case, through plain and simple robbery. Written by Nayanjot Lahiri \| Updated: October 13, 2018 10:30:53 am Not the Same River The Idol Thief: The True Story of the Looting of India’s Temples; S Vijay Kumar; Juggernaut; 248 pages; Rs 499 Some 200 years ago, a Brahman asked this of a British Baptist missionary: ‘How is it that your countrymen steal our Gods?’ As the story goes, in 1817, the Brahman’s Lakhmi image had been coveted by a British antiquarian who had many times offered him money for it. Because he had refused to sell, the idol thief ‘got his people together, and took away the goddess by night.’ The tree under which she stood remained, as the Brahman lamented, but his revered deity was gone. This story, to me, poignantly signifies what British Company rule stood for in relation to India’s heritage and how museum collections in England were built up – through colonial loot and archaeological rapine and, as in this case, through plain and simple robbery. The gods of worshippers, though, have continued to disappear in large numbers, and for a long time now, there is a whole network of Indians responsible for the loss. I have often wondered about these contemporary idol thieves, their motivations and profits, the institutional loopholes that facilitate their activities as also the art collectors and museums that buy their stolen goods. Much of the action pertains to some five years or so — from 2006 till 2011 — when Subhash Kapoor (above), the kingpin in the smuggling operations of idols, was arrested It is this murky world of powerful criminals where millions are made in stealing, smuggling and selling antiquities that is captured in Vijay Kumar’s The Idol Thief. It explores the theft of splendorous Chola bronzes from Tamil Nadu. At the same time, there is a great deal here about how big stone idols from Kashmir to Orissa and small terracottas from Chandraketugarh in Bengal have been spirited away. What is it that makes this a singular book? In India, this is the first authored book that we have on the smuggling of antiquities. The government for decades has showcased spectacular festivals around artworks and icons but has not created any awareness of the magnitude of our disappearing heritage. India’s neighbour Nepal had, in 1988, published details about its losses, under the title, Stolen Images of Nepal. Authored by the late Lain Singh Bangdel, the purpose was to “attract the attention of the Western art world… many of the stolen sculptures may some day appear in the art market, or museums, but once it is proved they are stolen art objects no one has the right to possess them.” Now, for the first time, a Singapore-based finance and shipping expert has published a worthy work on how India’s treasures go missing, one that can take its place alongside Bangdel’s volume. What also makes it distinctive is that Kumar has not written it as an academic would. He neither uses jargon nor does he tell an archive-based story about the looting of India’s temples. Instead, he chooses to tell us this shocking tale as it is, a real-life crime thriller. Much of the action pertains to some five years or so — from 2006 till 2011 — when Subhash Kapoor, the kingpin in the smuggling operations of idols, was arrested. Kumar has been able to put together a gripping tale of intrigue, because he himself has been an active participant in helping crack a number of cases. The 1,000-year-old Nataraja idol returned by Australia to India in the recent past; The story inevitably started, in each case, with temple thefts in Tamil Nadu. The modus operandi sometimes simply involved temple-raiders breaking open locks, removing idols, and gluing back the levers to make it seem that nothing was amiss. This ensured that it took time to realise that thefts had taken place. Local thugs by then had got these sent to Chennai-based criminals masquerading as art dealers who, in turn, shipped them to Subhash Kapoor’s Nimbus Import Export, Inc. in New York. Through Kapoor and his contacts, stolen idols from South India reached respected museums in many continents. How some of these were then tracked down and brought back to India is equally riveting. The story has good cops and bad cops, there is sweet revenge wreaked by a woman whose relationship with Kapoor had ended, and there are outstanding networks run by individuals like Kumar and others who have helped track down these images. But what looms large is the scandalous and deliberate lack of due diligence by respected museums, including the National Gallery of Australia, the Asian Civilization Museum (Singapore), the Toledo Museum of Art (Ohio) and the Brooklyn Museum (New York). Even after photographs surfaced, taken by the robbers of the Sripuranthan Nataraja in India before it was smuggled away, the National Gallery of Australia refused to acknowledge that they knew that they had bought a stolen image. What tilted the balance that eventually saw the image being handed over by Australian Prime Minister Tony Abbot to his Indian counterpart is well told in the book. And then, there is the pathetic state of affairs in India that Kumar documents — an understaffed Idol Wing with no archive of temple idols, the lack of initiative on the part of Indian authorities to stop shipments of antiquities, and the ease with which precious images became part of cargo that reached foreign shores. Actually, it is institutions outside the government, like L’Institut Français de Pondichéry (IFP), that shine. The IFP has been documenting temple sites in Tamil Nadu since 1955, creating a record of idols while they were still in the temples. This documentation was crucial in proving that many of the idols in museum collections abroad were stolen. Equally, devoted individuals who have faultlessly followed their call of duty — the police officer Selvaraj in India and another one called ‘Indy’ (to protect his identity) in the US, investigative journalists like Jason Felch and Michaela Boland — are the heroes of this story. The challenge, after reading this book, is to see how the Indian government, which is so self-congratulatory about its soft power, will use its position as a global player to better safeguard its heritage. Its visible presence should not merely be confined to the optics of presiding over events around stolen images brought back to India. Nayanjot Lahiri is Professor of History at Ashoka University 1 Book review of Warlight: The Kindness of Strangers 2 Eragon set to return: Christopher Paolini announces new book ‘The Fork, the Witch, and the Worm’ 3 People with home libraries tend to have better reading, mathematical, digital skills: Study	cc/2019-30/en_head_0043.json.gz/line2348
__label__wiki	0.582437	0.582437	Skating with the Hezbollah understanding Hezbollah 16 Aug 2006 23:10 GMT PLO BOY SCOUTS IN BEIRUT - 6.6M Beirut can't win. It was barely recovered from the tragic effects of a 15-year-long civil war and now it is the target of daily bombardments from the Israeli Air Force. Just before the bombing started VICE met with the notorious Al Aqsa Martyr's Brigade in the city's Palestianian refugee camps. They also sang and danced with the Fateh Boy Scouts, children who are being groomed to be the suicide bombers of tomorrow. For the VICE Guide to travel VICE contributors, founders and friends were sent around the world to visit the planet's most dangerous and weird destinations. VICE sent cameras to such far-flung places as the Pygmy villages of the Congo, the radioactive ruins of Chernobyl, Rio's City of God favela, the hills of the failed Aryan utopia of Nueva Germania, the black-market weapons portal of Bulgaria, the illegal arms market of Pakistan, and the bomb-pocked refugee camps of Beirut. A film crew was sent to Beirut to do a follow up on a VICE Magazine article from a few years back and took a lot of footage, but didn't really understand what they had captured until it was brought back to the editing room and a translator went over the interviews. Munir Muqada, the head of Al-Aqsa Martyr's Brigade spoke about being a "people whose land is occupied" who are seeking any means of resistance until they are able to return to their land, Palestine. VICE was invited to visit a PLO Boy Scout Troop in Bourj al-Barajneh, talked with Mia Bloom and after discovering all that had been captured, VICE Co-founder Shane Smith, the editor of VICE Magazine Jesse Pearson and Spike Jonze sat down to discuss the footage and the problem of the hate in the Middle East. A snippet of the segment can be viewed here. e-mail:: vicedvd@vicedvd.com homepage:: http://www.viceland.com/guidetotravel looks like the boys of vice have grown up from half naked hipsters....	cc/2019-30/en_head_0043.json.gz/line2351
__label__wiki	0.714288	0.714288	Home Events IAIA IAIA Artist-in-Residence IAIA A-i-R: Robert Marcus, Bobby Wilson, Catherine Thompson, and Luanne Redeye—Dinner and Studio Tours IAIA A-i-R: Robert Marcus, Bobby Wilson, Catherine Thompson, and Luanne Redeye—Dinner and Studio Tours Tue, September 4, 2018, 5:00 pm–7:00 pm « IAIA A-i-R: Janet Rogers and Robert Marcus on KSFR IAIA A-i-R: Bobby Wilson, Catherine Thompson, and Luanne Redeye on KSFR » Join IAIA Artist-in-Residence (A-i-R) artists Robert Marcus, Bobby Wilson, Catherine Thompson, and Luanne Redeye for dinner in the Academic Building on the IAIA campus from 5:00-5:45 pm, followed by tours of the artists’ studio spaces from 5:45-7:00 pm. Robert Marcus Robert “Spooner” Marcus August 20, 2018–October 19, 2018 Robert “Spooner” Marcus (Ohkay Owingeh) is a glass artist. In 1993, just out of high school, his first job was working in a small glass studio in Española making juice cups. This experience as a production glass worker eventually led to his future as a glass artist. After that shop closed, he worked in a wood shop for four years. Then, in 2000, he heard of a glass shop in Taos and decided to dedicate himself to that program. Taos Glass Arts proved to be a turning point in his career. At this shop, he had the opportunity to expand his knowledge and work with other Native American glass artists. Taos Glass Arts closed it’s doors in 2005 and in 2006, he started working at Prairie Dog Glass located at Jackalope in Santa Fe. This is where he currently works producing custom and art glass. Some techniques he uses include blown and sand-carved vessels, sand castings, sculpted figures, and fused glass. Luanne Redeye September 1, 2018–October 31, 2018 Luanne Redeye (Seneca) uses painting as a way to see others. Working primarily in oil she depicts the relationship between perception and experience of native identity through genre scenes, designs, and portraits. Born in Jamestown, New York, Redeye grew up on the Allegany Indian Reservation in Western New York. It is from here where she draws inspiration incorporating community and family members into her paintings which gives her work a strong personal and emotional component. Redeye currently lives in Albuquerque, NM. She is an enrolled member of the Seneca Nation of Indians and the Hawk Clan. She studied at the University of New Mexico where she received her MFA in 2011. She has exhibited throughout the US and has been the recipient of various awards including, most recently, the Barbara and Eric Dobkin Fellowship at the School for Advanced Research in Santa Fe, NM. Luanne Redeye’s residency session is made possible by the generous support of Sunrise Springs Spa Resort in partnership with IAIA. Catherine Thompson Catherine “Maggie” Thompson September 1, 2018–September 23, 2018 Catherine “Maggie” Thompson (Fond du Lac Ojibwe) was born and raised in Minneapolis, Minnesota. She received her Bachelor of Fine Arts in Textiles at the Rhode Island School of Design (RISD) in 2013. As a textile artist and designer, she derives inspiration from her Ojibwe heritage, family history, and through themes related to the contemporary Native American experience. Thompson’s work calls attention to its materiality by pushing the viewer’s traditional understanding of textiles. She explores materials in her work by incorporating multimedia elements such as photographs, beer caps, found objects, beadwork and 3D-printed objects. Thompson had her first solo exhibition, entitled Where I Fit, at the All My Relations Gallery in 2014. Since then, she has exhibited at regional institutions such as the Minneapolis Institute of Art and the Plains Art Museum. In 2015, she received support from the Minnesota State Arts Board Cultural Community Partnership Grant and the Native Arts and Cultures Foundation Regional Fellowship to create a body of work for her exhibit, On Borrowed Time, which explores themes of grief around her experience of losing a parent at the Minnesota Textile Center. In addition to her fine arts practice, Thompson runs a small knitwear business known as Makwa Studio. She is also an emerging curator of contemporary Native art and has worked on exhibitions at the Two Rivers Gallery, the McKnight Foundation, and the Minnesota Museum of American Art. Bobby Wilson (Sisseton-Wahpeton Dakota) has painted dozens of murals, performed spoken word poetry at events across the country, and appeared on television and radio numerous times. In addition to numerous artistic accomplishments, Wilson has garnered international attention as a member of the comedy group “The 1491s,” appearing on major media outlets including Comedy Central, Al Jazeera, and NPR. Wilson’s work is heavily influenced by his Dakota heritage combined with a lifelong city upbringing. Much of his work strives to convey a social and political message, tackling issues of racism, homelessness, and imperialism while maintaining a sense of humor and hope. He was born in Minneapolis, Minnesota and is currently based in Tucson, Arizona. Partially funded by the City of Santa Fe Arts Commission and the 1% Lodgers Tax. Tue, September 4, 2018 IAIA Artist-in-Residence Institute of American Indian Arts (IAIA) Artist-in-Residence (A-i-R) Program levans@iaia.edu Institute of American Indian Arts (IAIA) Academic Building 83 Avan NU Po Santa Fe,87508United States+ Google Map	cc/2019-30/en_head_0043.json.gz/line2354
__label__cc	0.591386	0.408614	Women in sf reading challenge #7: Zoo City, Lauren Beukes August 1, 2011 by iansales 7 Comments I had originally picked Beukes’ Moxyland as one of my twelve books for this year’s reading challenge, but then I met the author at the Eastercon back in April, and Zoo City won the Arthur C Clarke Award… So I swapped one out for the other, even though the latter says on the back, “File Under URBAN FANTASY”. Although, of course, there was that Clarke Award win, which meant the jury at least felt Zoo City could be read as science fiction. Besides, last month’s book for my reading challenge was Steph Swainston’s The Year of Our War (see here), and I failed to find a way to read that as sf… Which is all pretty much beside the point, as I’ve now read Zoo City, and I’m happy to count it as one of the twelve books of my reading challenge – and also one of the twelve books by women writers I read during July, my women-only month. While Zoo City may display the trappings of urban fantasy, it reads chiefly like a cyberpunk novel, a near-future dystopia told from the point of view of a have-not. Who, in this case, is Zinzi December, a recovering addict and ex-journalist who caused her brother’s death, served her sentence, and was “animalled”. In the world of Zoo City, those who have committed crimes find themselves lumbered with animal familiars as manifestations of their guilt. For Zinzi, it is a sloth. In the world of Zoo City, magic also exists – though it’s not the magic of Dungeons & Dragons or your standard identi-kit heroic fantasy. Mashavi feels more like some sort of extra-sensory talent than it does spell-casting or thaumaturgy (although African styles of magic do make several appearances in the book). Zinzi’s mashavi is finding lost things, and it’s what she now does for a living – because the animalled are the dregs of society, and forced to live in derelict buildings in slum areas of the city. The city in this instance is Johannesburg, and there is a very obvious South African flavour to the novel (Beukes is South African). After her last client is murdered, Zinzi is forced into accepting a type of job she normally avoids: finding a lost person. The missing person is teenager Songweza Radebe, one half, with her brother S’busiso, of pop twins iJusi . The Spector/Cowley-like figure who controls iJusi, Odi Huron, wants Song back without anyone learning of her disappearance. Zinzi may be reluctant to take on the case, but it soon proves to be even more complicated and darker than she had imagined. The climax of the novel, however, is not Song’s re-appearance but the discovery of a heinous plot to which the disappearance was peripherally linked. While the clues were there, that final twist does come as a bit of a surprise. The plot which drives the story for much of its length ends on a positive note, only to kick off another related, and darker, end-game. This, or its reverse, is a technique I’ve noticed in other crime novels of recent years. Zoo City reads like noir. It’s a crime novel which happens to be set in an alternate South Africa in which felons have animal familiars and magical talents. Beukes does throw in the odd “found document” which attempts to put a science-fictional gloss on these aspects of her world, but their success is immaterial. The book doesn’t need to be read as sf, and can enjoyed for exactly what it is. Zinzi’s voice dominates the story and, despite Zinzi’s background and some of her more unsavoury activities, Beukes does an excellent job of making her sympathetic. Zoo City is a fast read, but it’s by no means fluffy. I enjoyed it a lot more than I expected to (I would normally run a mile, very quickly, from anything labelled “urban fantasy”). On the front of the paperback edition of Zoo City I bought is a quote from William Gibson: “it feels effortless, utterly accomplished”. He’s right. Zoo City is a polished piece of fiction. For a second novel, it is astonishingly good. I can’t say whether it is better than the books it beat for the Clarke Award, as I’ve not read any of the others. (They were: Monsters of Men, Patrick Ness; The Dervish House, Ian McDonald; Generosity, Richard Powers; Declare, Tim Powers; and Lightborn, Tricia Sullivan.) But certainly Zoo City is a very good book, and not at all an embarrassing winner – which is more than the Nebula Award can say this year… Categories: 2011 reading challenge, book review, lauren beukes, science fiction, women in sf \| Permalink. 7 thoughts on “Women in sf reading challenge #7: Zoo City, Lauren Beukes” African styles of magic do make several appearances in the book I felt there was enough ambiguity in this for it to read either way: actual magic or merely altered states of consciousness. As you say, Beukes rides this ambiguity thoughout all her use of the fantastic. Ian Simpson As you know, I like it too. If you’re interested in a comparison with the others: http://www.guerrillageek.com/2011/05/zoo-city-acca2011/ Pingback: reading & watchings 6: the women-only month « It Doesn't Have To Be Right… Pingback: Best of the year 2012 « It Doesn't Have To Be Right… Pingback: The other POV « It Doesn't Have To Be Right… Pingback: Books to look forward to « It Doesn't Have To Be Right…	cc/2019-30/en_head_0043.json.gz/line2356
__label__wiki	0.555717	0.555717	declaration of independence Archives - Institute of the Black World 21st Century The Declaration of Independence Is Sexist, Racist, Prejudiced We can embrace the underlying spirit of the Declaration of Independence but also learn from its shortcomings. By Matthew Rozsa, Salon — It is painful to write about the shortcomings of the Declaration of Independence. The historic document was officially approved by the Second Continental Congress in Philadelphia on July 4, 1776 — a mere two days after the Lee Resolution formally declared the American colonies to be independent of the… A Lesson on Slavery for White America By Paul Street — Look at the following series of tweets from the president of the United States, reflecting Thursday on the tearing down of Confederate statues in the U.S. South: Sad to see the history and culture of our great country being ripped apart with the removal of our beautiful statues and monuments. You can’t change history, but you can learn from it. Robert E Lee, Stonewall Jackson—who’s next, Washington, Jefferson?…	cc/2019-30/en_head_0043.json.gz/line2357
__label__cc	0.735561	0.264439	Talkin' Knicks Knicks clinch worst record in the NBA, but that doesn’t mean what you think it means By Big Baby David April 9, 2019 4 Mins Read A few nights ago, the New York Knicks were able to clinch the worst record in the NBA, and therefore the best odds in the NBA draft lottery on May 14, with a current record of 16-64 with two games left to play. That’s good! The Knicks are usually bad when trying to tank- even worse than they are when trying to win- and it feels like every year that they’re in a position like this they win three of the last five meaningless games in April and fall a couple of spots in the lottery-odds standings. Most of us are going to think of this as the Knicks having the best chance to land Zion Williamson (or Ja Morant or RJ Barrett). It’s tempting for us to be doing that, sure. Zion- by all accounts- is one of the most special players to enter the NBA draft in the last 15 years or so. Of course, as Knicks fans, we want to see him rocking the orange and blue, and it’s technically true that they have the best odds at him now, but that’s not really the way we should be looking at this. Instead, we have to be looking at this from the back end: having the worst record in the NBA means that the furthest that the Knicks can drop is now the fifth pick, rather than 6, 7, 8, etc. If you haven’t learned by now that since the turn of the millennium you should always expect the very worst thing that can possibly happen to the Knicks to happen to the Knicks, I’m not sure what to tell you. They’ve long been a cursed franchise, and we should always expect disaster. Now, though, that just makes sense, mathematically. Take a gander at the pick odds, via Tankathon. The new lottery odds (because of course the year the Knicks tank appropriately is the year that the lottery odds have changed) dictate that the three worst teams have an equal chance at the first, second, third, or fourth picks in the lottery. Also, now it is the first four picks that are up for lottery selection rather than the top three. This makes things more interesting, but it also makes it so the worst team has minimal discernable advantage over the rest of the pack and the furthest a team can now drop is four slots, rather than three. Even if the odds of the Knicks landing the fifth pick were just five percent I would fully believe that that will happen, but look at those odds! It is essentially a coin flip whether they land in the top 4 vs. the fifth pick. It makes it more interesting and we’ll find out in a few years if this switch was good for the NBA, but I hate that the first year of it is this year. Under normal circumstances I would still expect disaster here, but now the odds of disaster are so large that expecting anything but that is setting yourself up for disappointment. Expect the fifth pick, and if anything else comes up then we can finally think of it as a bonus. Come the day of the lottery, of course, I will abandon this rationality and be disappointed with anything besides no. 1, if not the top three. This is why clinching that worst record in the NBA, though, is so important. The Knicks were able to mitigate the disaster scenario by guaranteeing themselves a top-five selection in the draft. If there were any chance of the worst possibility being not 5, not 6, not 7…. Well then that’s what I’d have no choice but to expect simply due to the way the Knicks have performed the entire time I’ve been old enough to notice. Fortunately, they’ve finally mitigated risk. Now we wait. Follow @BigBabyDavid_ on Twitter Ja MorantknicksLotterynbaNBA DraftNBA Draft LotteryNew York KnicksRJ Barretttalkin knickstankTankathonTankingZion Williamson Author Big Baby David Marcus Morris eventually became a Knick, so what’s up with the rotation? 175 \| July 11th \| MLB Testing New Rules, Jake Blowed up a Toilet, Bagel Man The Dodgers and Padres play through an earthquake, a breakdown Talkin’ Knicks: No KD, but Julius Randle Listen to Our Latest Episode	cc/2019-30/en_head_0043.json.gz/line2360
__label__cc	0.721269	0.278731	Diana Maier Working Women Doing It All What Feminist Revolution? Women Lawyers, Like Other Female Professionals, Still Have to Do It All. At forty-five years old, I’m the perfect age to be the prime beneficiary of so-called Second-Wave Feminism. Second-Wave Feminism arose in the early 1960s and was meant to address the cultural and societal inequities between women and men that had not been remedied since the feminist movement emerged in the early 1900s. And yet, my day-to-day life and certainly that of many of my peers is proof that the gender revolution has largely been one-sided — women have entered traditionally male jobs, but men have been reluctant to take on traditionally female activities. This is disturbing on a lot of levels, not the least of which is that women’s lives are getting harder, not easier, in a lot of ways, despite the advances of feminism. It also suggests that traditionally female contributions such as housework, childcare, and home life management still aren’t valued enough for men to engage with them full throttle. This is not to say that professional women and gender norms haven’t come a long way, because they have, but what is so striking is how much room there is to improve. Last month, I attended a women lawyer’s “Unconference,” in which instead of having predetermined speakers or session topics, the participants shaped the agenda themselves at the beginning of the Unconference and shared information and ideas in a more decentralized fashion. When women lawyers discussed the topics that were most pressing to them, balance, and how impossible it is to achieve, came up repeatedly. Through listening to over 70 women discuss this topic at the conference, and having listened to a few hundred more working women over the years, it is clear that one phenomenon is largely responsible for this: women who are partnered with men are still expected to be the primary parent and homemaker even when their careers are as demanding as their husband’s. In fact, the phenomenon of women taking on a disproportionate share of the housework even occurs in relationships where the woman is the primary or sole breadwinner. While I’m sure this trend is not unique to law, it may be particularly painful for lawyer moms because traditional legal jobs require inordinately long hours. That means that if we women lawyers are also doing more than our share of the housework, we are compromising our quality of life much more than men are. Those hours spent on domestic work have to come from somewhere, and research shows they come from vital activities like sleep, exercise, and leisure time (remember that?). It also necessarily means that women who aren’t willing to let self-care go by the wayside will have to compromise on how much they give to work, often meaning their careers will suffer. While the problem won’t be solved if men split the burden of family life more evenly, it certainly will be ameliorated. The talk at last month’s Unconference is not empty griping. Studies show that this talk among women lawyers, particularly lawyer moms, is supported by research. A 2015 New York Times article documented studies showing that while fathers said they shared home and child responsibilities equally, mothers said they did more. The mothers’ perceptions, however, were “supported by plentiful research, including…rigorous data collection in which people keep diaries of the ways they spend their time.” In other words, data shows that, on average, working women still do much more than their male partners, even when men think it’s even. I have to come clean. I’m not one of those women who have no leisure time. I enjoy incredible balance in my life while bringing in the vast bulk of our income. My husband schleps the kids around 3x as much as I do, and he puts up with my constant running around to work activities, volunteer commitments, frequent 12-step meetings, and even weeks away to do silent meditation retreats at Spirit Rock. I'm ever grateful for this support and for the fact that I am partnered with a man who is a born nurturer and a totally hands-on partner. However, like my lawyer sisters, I retain a firm hand in family life at a level that far exceeds what men in primary earner shoes have traditionally done. In addition, it would be disingenuous not to acknowledge that Ethan’s becoming the default parent was not an overnight transition for either of us. A hard-core feminist by training, I struggled to shake my socialization that said a husband should be a provider, even though he needn’t be the only provider. It was years before my husband and I both sadly came to the realization this his photography business wouldn’t generate nearly as much income as my legal business, and that it made much more sense for our family for me to step up my work life and for him to backpedal his. Now that we are on the other side of it, I see how much it has boosted our family life to switch roles. I also see what a natural nurturer my husband is and wonder if that side of him would have been revealed so completely but for the change. Generally our lives feel more harmonious and more fulfilling due to the role switcheroo we undertook a few years ago. I feel abashed, however, when I think of all the women I’ve spoken to who tell me their husbands refer to their time with the kids as “babysitting,” or who sleep in every morning when the mom gets up at 5am like clockwork to deal with a cranky toddler. The mom then goes on to work an 8-12 hour day, and while the husband does the same, he is oblivious to what a huge difference an extra two hours of sleep and his time away from a screaming toddler makes. A friend with a very demanding law job stated she had this disparity with her husband, despite the fact that he worked about ¼ of her hours. Eventually her resentment led to them getting a divorce. Five years later, her ex still expects her to do all kinds of domestic tasks that he won’t do for the kids, despite the fact that he doesn’t work and she pays spousal and child support. I don’t think the ex means to be malicious, he just doesn’t see what his actions cost her. So what gives? Why are women who are married to seemingly enlightened men subjected to this kind of treatment, and why do we allow it? My theory is that despite the feminist movement, domestic work remains vastly underrated for what it contributes to society because it’s unpaid. Since domestic work is not valued, there is no impetus to do it other than fairness to your partner. Put this together with the fact that men did no domestic duties for hundreds of years, and most men think they are rock stars for what they contribute to home life, no matter how little that may be. It may also be that men are struggling with expanding their own identities from provider, to provider-nurturer. To be fair, women have a large part in the gender gap: perhaps we still secretly don’t believe our good fortune when we “have it all” and feel guilty putting men in the role of doing the domestic work that isn’t paid or often appreciated. Heck, why not just keep doing that too? Also, most of the women I know that earn more than their husbands are naturally driven. These women, like myself, just can’t accept that things won’t be done exactly as they’d like. But exercising feminist muscle sometimes means accepting and trusting our partners in the domestic sphere, even when we’d do things differently. My competing theory to explain the imbalance in domestic duties is that women who are mothers unconsciously think there is something wrong with them if they aren’t the more important parent since women are supposed to be nurturing by birthright. We never stop wanting to be “Mommy,” even when we want to be Mommy and corporate ass-kicker as well. What makes matters worse is we’ve gone full circle from a culture where kids were to be “seen but not heard,” to a culture where kids are little gods. The inevitable result is that parenting, particularly mothering, is scrutinized and judged. Bottle-feeding is child cruelty, and letting your kids remain unscheduled is child neglect. But things like breastfeeding and scheduling activities take time and are physically demanding. A more hard-core feminist than myself might wonder if there’s a conspiracy afoot to keep the status of women subpar. How happy can women be if they are expected to excel in their careers, yet not give up a single critical motherly duty? The time has to come from somewhere, and that usually means self-care or fun. The fact remains that women of today, despite the feminist movement, have to mother in ways that our mothers never had to. But we are now often working as well. What’s ironic is that studies show that working moms of today spend more time with our children than stay-at-home moms did in 1965! Perhaps we working moms should cut ourselves a little slack. What’s the solution to this gender disparity? I’m not sure, but here are a few that I’ve tried and like. Pretty good is perfect. The fact remains that women of today, despite the feminist movement, have to mother in ways that our mothers never had to. But we are now often working as well. What’s ironic is that studies show that working moms of today spend more time with our children than stay-at-home moms did in 1965! Perhaps we working moms should cut ourselves a little slack. One of my friends recently shared that on weekends when she is with the kids her days revolve around when they need to nap and eat. When her husband takes the kids, he has an agenda and the kids are along for the ride. They might get a nap and a snack, but they might not. But at the end of both days, the kids are still alive, right? Don’t let perfection in the kids’ lives be the enemy of rest in yours. ** Special thanks to my Dad, who always says "Pretty good is perfect!" and makes most things look perfect anyway, especially his parenting and grandparenting. Going with good instead of perfect requires letting go. Let go of what people think of your mothering. Let go of having things done exactly the way you’d like them or your children would like them by your mate. Let go of needing to do it all. Let go and the universe will provide. It’s amazing how when trust in the universe supplants self-will, everything comes out better. Disappear. It’s okay to disappear for the day, the night, and even the weekend to leave your kids with a parent who doesn’t have it all together. Disappearing might mean stopping to get a latte on the way home for no good reason but to have 15 minutes to yourself. The great thing about disappearing is that you see how well the family copes without you, even if they miss you like crazy. I like to disappear really early a few mornings a week because it’s the only time I can work out without it taxing my workday. My husband is not a morning person, but when I’m not there it’s amazing how it all just works out. Days when I’m home, he sleeps in and I fix pancakes for the kids so those mornings feel extra special. Synergy. Consider what you and your partner do best and let go of the rest. In my own experience, I know that a part of the reason I’ve retained a lot of domestic work is because I’m good at it. I’m better with deadlines and organization than my husband is, and there’s lots of that in home life, particularly with kids. Over time I’ve stopped nagging my husband about how he could be more like me, and I’ve learned to do the things I’m naturally better at. I keep away from those tasks that are not mine, like fixing things around the house and driving to after school activities. I also appreciate that my husband can sit with our son for hours discussing chess strategies, while for me it’s like watching paint dry. We all have our gifts. Together, our powers are mighty. Have a spiritual life. When life is crazy, it’s so important to have something bigger than you to rely on. Just remembering many times each day that something bigger (whether God, nature, or life) is in charge is such a relief. I know that for me personally, a lot of my letting go of needing to change my partner happened when I realized that everyone has a higher power, and that my husband’s higher power was definitely not me. That helped me realize I could feel more in “control” by letting go of personal dominion and understanding there was a flow to life that I didn’t need to fight. Tell your partner how great they are when they step up. My ongoing joke with my husband is that nothing “puts me in the mood” like his cleaning the house. Most men derive a lot of self-worth from making the women in their lives happy (the premise of “Men are from Mars, Women are from Venus”). So be sure to acknowledge how his work makes your life easier, even if it is something that you do every day and don’t get thanked for! Bond with and get ideas from other women. Sometimes just feeling solidarity in our struggles to be modern women eases the load. My sisters give me great ideas and inspire me. They help me understand what’s reasonable to expect and where to let go. Share your experience with other women. We are here for you. Admittedly, Second-Wave Feminism has been severely criticized for focusing on empowering women in white middle to upper class socio-economic spheres, while forgetting the very different struggles of women of color or working women. But I don’t think anyone denies that this movement had vast benefits for women, even if its being more inclusive would have made it more powerful. I am assuming that, by definition, women who are partnered with other women are not dealing with this phenomenon. I imagine, however, that disparities in how much spouses contribute occur in LGBT relationships too. Diana Maier is an attorney with Maier Law Group and practices employment and privacy law in northern California. Tagged: balance, home life, women lawyers Newer PostOut With The Old, In With The New Older PostFrom the Cushion to the Law Office: How Meditating Makes Me a Better Lawyer	cc/2019-30/en_head_0043.json.gz/line2364
__label__cc	0.672143	0.327857	November 29, 2018 May 19, 2019 joynealkidney Northeast Quarter by S. M. Harris From the Author: Winfield, Iowa, 1918. Colonel Wallace Carson, the ruler of a vast agricultural empire, asks Ann Hardy, his ten-year-old granddaughter and eventual heir, to promise she will safeguard The Northeast Quarter, the choice piece of land from which the empire was founded. Ann readily accepts — little knowing what awaits her. When the Colonel is killed unexpectedly the same afternoon, the world around Ann and her family begins to fall apart. Against the background of America sliding from a post war boom into the Great Depression, The Northeast Quarter tells the story of Ann’s struggle to keep a promise no matter what. She witnesses the remarriage of her grandmother to Royce Chamberlin, the seemingly humble banker who institutes a reign of terror over the household and proceeds to corrupt the entire town. Over the next ten years Ann matches wits with Chamberlin, enduring betrayal, banishment, and even physical violence. She grows from a precocious child into a tough-minded young woman — watching, observing her enemy, and waiting for the moment to make her move. And when the moment comes in July 1929, life in Winfield will never be the same. My thoughts: The serene backdrop of rural Iowa belies this book’s colorful characters, including young determined Ann who promises her rich and powerful grandfather to never give up the Northeast Quarter of all his farms. Ann is beset by devious townspeople and circumstances, but keeps her head and bides her time to act. A fascinating story. More from the author: S.M. Harris was born in 1947. Since he was the youngest in his high school graduating class, his parents sent him to Europe to pick up an extra year, where he attended Ecole Des Roches in Switzerland for one year and two years of college at American College of Switzerland. On returning to America, he graduated from Stanford and received his MA from Northwestern. He spent several years as a property manager, a travel agent and receptionist in an art gallery. In 1985, he saw an ad on a supermarket bulletin board for Bunco Theatre, a Santa Monica based group dedicated to educating senior citizens about crimes perpetrated against the elderly. He volunteered as a helper—to move props, sets, etc. Since actors were scarce, he was drafted into playing the resident perp in all their skits. From there he found himself writing some of the material for the group. This experience piqued his interest in theater and set him on a different course in life. He took as many classes in playwriting as he could through UCLA Extension and began submitting his class projects to theatres around the country. In 1991 he was invited to Ensemble Studio Theatre in New York to attend their summer conference in the Catskills—this began a journey which led him to move to New York. An Ensemble Studio lab project, Colleen Ireland (about a 90 something retirement home resident and her great-granddaughter), was nominated for Best Play at the Playwrights Forum Festival 2002 in Spokane. Colleen was produced for the first time in Spokane and then by Diverse City Theatre Company in New York, where it received a positive review from The New York Times. Spindrift Way, a follow-up to Colleen, received its world premiere at The Senior Theatre USA Festival in Baltimore in June 2008. There are now twelve Colleen plays in the series The Northeast Quarter began as a full length play, but S. M. Harris eventually developed it into his first novel. It was awarded The Pinnacle Book Achievement Award Best Book 2017. It was also a Finalist in New Fiction in The National Indie Excellence Awards. Earlier this year, Mr. Harris traveled to New Orleans to accept his Finalist award at the Next Generation Indie Book Award Festivities at the Book Award Gala. Northeast Quarter S.M. Harris The National Indie Excellence Awards The Northeast Quarter The Pinnacle Book Achievement Award Previous Dale Wilson’s Crew: Missing in Action Next Soldiers’ Stories: A Collection of WWII Memoirs by The Miller Family	cc/2019-30/en_head_0043.json.gz/line2365
__label__wiki	0.837967	0.837967	10 Questions For Jonas Blue – DJ Mastermind Behind Catchy Pop Song ‘Mama’ By Karissa Lund • Apr 25th, 2018 in Interview Creating a pop song is not an easy task; the competition is higher and you have to make it unique enough to make it stand out to reach number one. DJ-producer-songwriter Jonas Blue is no stranger to creating unmissable top hits. Born as Guy James Robin in London, United Kingdom, his track Mama made waves in Malaysia, making its way into the Spotify Malaysia Top 50 chart for weeks and is still on the Top 200 even after almost a year of release. In fact, the track is still on rotation in local English radio stations. He recently collaborated with Sabrina Carpenter for his song ‘Alien’, which is currently number 32 on the Spotify Top 50 chart. When JUICE found out that the DJ is performing here in Kuala Lumpur last weekend, we sat down to have a little chat with him before the show to ask 10 questions so y’all can know him better. Scroll down to see what he had to say: With so many streams on the track ‘Mama’ here in Malaysia, you must know by now that you have many fans here. What are your feelings knowing that your music is accepted and loved by the South-east Asian market? It’s incredible, it really is. Cause when I write these songs, they’re written in my small studio back in London. Literally I write these songs with a pen and paper, sitting in my room with a piano. Music is a such an universal language and you know we all speak in different languages yet music connects us. So, when my songs connect in this other part of the world, this is what making music is all about for me. Who are your early influences when you first started DJ-ing? It kind of varies from in-house music or dance music like Daft Punk. As for electronica, it’s John Michel Jerre. Then there’s this guy in pop music, who’s a songwriter and producer named Max Martin – he is my IDOL. People from today would be Calvin Harris and David Guetta. “Everyone wants the hits, and it’s hard to keep delivering that. But at the end of the day, we just have to be in the studio and leave all kinds of ego outside.” DJs tend to be more experimental, and you are known for your tropical/pop sounds, do you think you would ever branch out of your current genre sooner or later? Yeah, definitely. I’m doing some cool collabs at the minute. For instance the latest song I’m doing with Arlissa, it wasn’t one of my singles, it was kind of like a collaboration that has a slightly different sound for me. As for my song ‘Alien’ with Sabrina Carpenter, that doesn’t sound like anything I have done before. So I am trying different things out. Also I will be releasing some club music that is heavily influenced by the scene, again which is totally different from what I had done. You have worked with so many different artist like Raye, Zayn Malik and recently Sabrina, what are the challenges you face when working and collaborating with others? And how do you overcome it? I think for me it’s the pressure of going into the studio and knowing that everyone wants a hit like I did with my top track ‘Mama’. Everyone wants the hits, and it’s hard to keep delivering that. But at the end of the day, we just have to be in the studio and leave all kinds of ego outside. It’s not about what I’d done or what they had done, it’s about starting something new that can leave an impact. (source: Jonas Blue FB) How do you come up with fresh ideas knowing that pop songs (if not done right) can sound the same? Do you have any tips on that? I listen to A LOT of different music. I don’t really listen to house music these days anymore. What I mean by that is, I do listen to it casually cause obviously I play at clubs but I try not to. When I’m in a plane flying to somewhere, I try to listen to more pop, rap, as much world music and other stuff. Then I try to pull all the influences in those sounds into my own music. As a producer, the one thing I’ve kind of done is buy new sounds or new plug-ins and that usually could spark a new idea or something. “The song (‘Alien’) is basically how me and Sabrina wanted to describe the feeling of being alienated within ourselves in a relationship.” What is the inspiration and story of your latest single with Sabrina Carpenter ‘Alien’? I actually worked with Sabrina twice now. For the first time, I was in Los Angeles and we caught up and created an amazing song from that session. Then when she was in London for a tour with her band, she had an extra one week. I was like, “Please come to my studio, let’s write another song and let’s see how we get on.” So, we ended up writing ‘Alien’. The song is basically how me and Sabrina wanted to describe the feeling of being alienated within ourselves in a relationship. She also got some inspiration after listening to stories of her fans who had gone through depression or anxiety and they don’t know how to describe the feeling of being lost within themselves. Basically, I sat down with my piano, Sabrina and another song writer with that idea in mind. It happened pretty quick, in just one day. What are your music career goals by the end of 2018? Any big festivals you would love to play at? Actually I’m doing one on this trip which is the Electric Daisy Carnival (EDC) in China – that’s a big one. I’ve never done that, the last time I played at EDC was in Vegas last year, which was amazing. Doing EDC in China is definitely a check on my list. I will also be back in my hometown London for a big festival, which they haven’t announced yet. That’s going to be a fun one. (source: JB FB) We saw that you recently performed for a live studio audience at Jimmy Kimmel, how was that like? Was the vibe different than the usual party crowd? It really is different. We had like two options while in that live studio, as in we could perform the song twice. So they kind of get everyone to cheer, then we walked on stage and everyone just vibed out to the song. Once we’re done, they would command the audience like, “They’re done now, everyone clap.” And I was like… Ok, cool. It was very structured, but it was an amazing experience. I got to meet Jimmy Kimmel and Sabrina just killed it on stage. If you could describe your personality in one word, what would it be? My tour manager calls me horrendous, but I’d say caring. I’m nothing but caring to my team (laughs). Lastly, why the name Jonas Blue? Honestly, I was using my real name way too much for my music and I wanted something fresh that kind of match the music that I’m making. So I tried coming up with Swedish names, then I got “Jonas” which is pronounced as “e-oh-nos”. But since I’m English, I just stucked with Jonas. As for the last name, I simply just like the colour blue. Experience his music at all streaming platforms. Make sure to follow Jonas Blue on his Facebook, Instagram & Twitter. More artistes: Portugal. The Man Talks About Their New Album ‘Woodstock’, Politics and More The Lords of Portland channels the spirit of rock ‘n’ roll in their latest record ‘Woodstock’. Interview: A-kid Ballin’ After “Gaji Masuk” There’s no need to wait from BR1M with A-kid The xx On Adulthood and Their Jamie-Inspired Record The holy trinity from Britain has grown from indie to experimental-pop with their latest record.	cc/2019-30/en_head_0043.json.gz/line2366
__label__cc	0.74881	0.25119	Confident 2B Catholic... ...a series of talks at St Joseph's, New Malden, and a really superb initiative...I went along to the first of these yesterday (Sunday May 29th) and the speaker Dr Pia Matthews, on the subject of Marriage and Family, was excellent.She got us thinking about the whole idea of a family as a "domestic church", and we got quite deeply into all sorts of issues (male/female roles, transmission of life, the nature of a sacrament) without realising it... the tone was exactly right, and there will be more of these meetings exploring various aspectys of the Chuirch's teaching. More info. on the whole venture here. St Joseph's is a wonderful parish serving a busy suburban area: there are over 1,000 people at Mass on Sundays, and that morning the latest group of young people had been Confirmed, over 40 of them. Read the parish bulletin here. Posted by Joanna Bogle at 10:45 am 3 comments: A barbeque...and a promise of HEAT... ...and it began with a cycle ride through the Sunday suburbs to Balham. First the busy Islamic areas, lots of shops advertising halal products,crowds of people, women in heavy veils and robes,trays and trays of rich sticky sweets on sale. Then on past the Polish church in Balham High Road where there were lots of people standing outside around the doors, all facing towards the church - puzzling for a moment, then the realisation that it's because the church is so packed and this is the overflow. Then on to Holy Ghost Church, and families hurrying in as the music began, trailing children and shuffling along the pews, the church rapidly filling... This is a very young parish, lots of families w. small children - this corner of S. London is known as "nappy valley" - so there's always a certain amount of baby-noise during Mass. But the choir soars above all this and really is superb - glorious Latin chant and a beautiful setting of the Psalm...and the Deacon, who chanted the Gospel,turned out to be a visitor from the Ordinariate of O.L. of Walsingham, who will shortly be ordained as a priest, and it was good to chat afterwards and catch up on the latest Ordinariate news... There was a gathering - with a barbeque lunch - for people attending World Youth Day. The presbytery garden was filled with more and more young people, at first standing around rather awkwardly like they always do, but soon talking and chattering and with chicken and sausages sizzling on a couple of big barbeques...and paperwork for WYD was handed out and announcements made, chief of which is that Spain in August will be VERY VERY HOT and the place where we will be based will have no air conditioning, so no one should assume that this will be like camping in Scotland. Auntie's heart sank slightly - I really dislike hot weather - but she remains undeterred about going to WYD, and a cheery African nun said "Oh, these are just the temperatures I know best. It'll be great!" Posted by Joanna Bogle at 10:32 am 1 comment: Minster-in-Thanet.... ...in rural Kent on a breezy, sunny morning. A number of us staying at the Guest House of Minster Abbey, including members of a craft group specialising in spinning and weaving! At Minster, Benedictine nuns revived in the 1930s a Saxon community that had been dissolved many centuries before. Today, it is thriving, and in the simple chapel built out of local stone, the sisters gathered for Mass. It was lovely to walk through the quiet sunny garden and enter the cool chapel with its tall windows through which light poured from the wide Kent sky. The sisters sang, and one of them did the readings. Celebrant at Mass was Father Peter Geldard, chaplain of the University of Kent at Canterbury, and he preached about St Philip Neri, whose feast-day it was. A young lady was due to arrive today to join the community, and by tradition newcomers spend their first night in the guest-house, where as it happens she was to be given the room in which I had been sleeping. This thought gave me quiet pleasure: I hope that long happy years lie ahead of her in this lovely Abbey, where they were preparing a warm and affectionate welcome for her... Posted by Joanna Bogle at 11:31 pm No comments: A busy morning... ...with a judging team reading entries for the 2011 Schools RE Project run by the Assn of Catholic Women. A good team of judges, careful, conscientious and dedicated. After the main work was done, we enjoyed a talkative lunch, and there were lots of ideas for future projects and other linked initiatives. Rushed on by bicycle to Victoria station and caught the train to Ramsgate where the local parish was organising a St Augustine's Week. St Aug. landed on Thanet - then an island - in 597 and now a big granite cross marks the place. In Ramsgate, a superb Pugin church, formerly connected to the Abbey (which is relocating to Surrey) and now part of the local parish, together with St Ethelbert's Church. Young and energetic parish priest Fr Marcus Holden - I was at his ordination a few years' back - teeming with enthusiasm, showed me the Abbey Church, where everything is in beautiful order and people come for weekday Mass and Sunday Mass...then we went on to St Ethelbert's, where a good crowd had gathered in the hall for a talk on Christian Traditions. I very much enjoy giving these talks and it is fun to share information on history, show how the great events of our salvation are woven into our calendar, etc. It was a real privilege to be part of the St Augustine week...which looks set to be an annual event, with a great procession to the Cross, and a special Mass, and evening events, and more... Fr M. drove me to Minster-in-Thanet where I was to stay, and we looked at at St Augustine's Cross on the way. Thanet is no longer a proper island, and the silting-up began, locals affirm, with Henry VIII's break with the Church and the events of the 16th century... but there is a still a faintly wild and remote feeling as you drive along the flat land with the sea not far away...although this stillness will change as a vast new motorway, up on great stilts, soared over our heads and will shortly have traffic roaring along it... The sisters at Minster are friends, and there is always a sense of welcome...it was lovely to settle into the guest house, a Bible and a little book of inspirational thoughts from John Paul II in my room along with a friendly welcoming note on the door. Everything peaceful. The wind rustled in the trees and as I stood at the open window looking out on to the Saxon abbey buildings and the garden, the air was clean and fresh. Posted by Joanna Bogle at 5:20 pm No comments: Auntie's plans... ...for going to World Youth Day. Read more here.... Posted by Joanna Bogle at 10:56 pm 2 comments: "Reform of the reform"... ...has been a catch-phrase concerning the Church's liturgy for some years now. There are those who just can't bear it: I once saw some one covering her ears and shrieking, because she couldn't accept the idea. But things will continue to move in the r-of-the-r direction and this discussion is now under way... I have long imagined that by the time I am old there will be a Mass that looks and sounds a bit like what Vatican II really wanted. Latin at Mass will be the norm, along with some vernacular, and among things retained from the 1969 changes will be: a general "dialogue" form with the congregation encouraged to sing or say various responses, the Scripture readings proclaimed towards the congregation and probably by a lay person, much more audibility of what is said by the priest than common in the standard 1962 Form, and everyone joining in the Pater Noster. Masses will have the Canon ad orientem, have the reading from St John ("The Last Gospel")at the end, and (probably)include the "Introibo ad altare..." at the beginning, probably in the vernacular. And there may be some (rather formal) Bidding Prayers, possibly tagged on to the sermon. And some form of the Sign of Peace although certainly not where it is now. The Church's approach is to emphasise continuity , and one way of doing this is to sweep things along in a breezy sort of way by making a general statement that "this is the way it was always meant to be...", rather like the mother of a large and messy family who announces that "this is the way we've always done things" even if some members of the family know that there have been many messy times when they haven't. Posted by Joanna Bogle at 2:22 pm 6 comments: HOORAY!!!.... ...looks like we may be getting our feast-days back... On Thursdays... ...there is all-day Adoratiion at a local Catholic Church. There are always good numbers here for weekday Mass, and then during the day people quietly come, and kneel, and linger, and light candles, and say the Rosary,or take out a prayer-book,or just pray quietly, and then potter off again... With the Rosary, Thursday is the day for the Mysteries of Light, and this is especially appropriate for me at present as I'm reading through children's essays in the big project organised by the Association of Catholic Women, in which children wrote about the Rosary. We invited them to focus on specific mysteries, including two Joyful ones, and two Luminous ones. The main judging takes place next week, but the preliminary sifting has revealed a good many of very high quality, in addition to some very funny Howlers. The essays come from Catholic primary schools across Britain. Next time you are told that Catholic schools are all hopeless and don't teach the Faith, be cynical. There are some fine schools out there doing good work. The children have been taught about the great events described in the New Testament, they have been taught about the Rosary and how to say it, and they have been taught in such a way that they appear to have enjoyed learning and have made the knowledge their own. The project is sponsored by the Catholic Truth Society, which very generously provides some wonderful prizes - in addition to the main winners, we have lots and lots of winners of runners-up who get beautiful hard-bound illustrated Catechisms, and there are also holy pictures and certificates... Some dates... ...for your diary. Wed May 25th - a History Walk at Westminster Cathedral. Meet you on the steps at 6.30pm, after the 5.30pm Mass. We'll be walking around the local area, ending at Holy Apostles Church - stories of Cardinal Manning, the Passage, and the Blitz. Come and discover Pimlico! Thursday, May 26th - join us at Balham for a viewing of a wonderful film of Blessed John Paul II.We'll be at Visitation House, next to Holy Ghost Church, at 7.30pm. You won't want to miss this film - come and celebrate the Church's newest Beatus, bring your own John Paul story, and relax in a convivial atmosphere with some agreeable refreshments. We're inviting donations, £3 per head, and funds raised will go to the Maryvale Institute. And mark this date for June: InVocation at Birmingham. Auntie will be looking in, and it sounds wonderful - take a look at the website. And/or: join us on Sunday June 19th in London for the Martyrs' Walk - 1.30pm for 2pm at St Sepulchre's churchyard, opposite the Old Bailey. An extraordinary story.... ...and it happened like this. I went into the St Paul's Bookshop, next to Westminster Cathedral, to browse among the books. I was looking for a children's book about Pope John Paul II - I needed one for a schools' project with which I am involved. There were a lot of attractive books about him, but nothing specifically for younger children. I stood, leafing through a couple of books and thinking "Oh, I'd love to do a book about JPII...a book with really delightful illustrations, something a child would enjoy looking through again and again..." At that moment the manager, Stephen, came by, and stopped to say "Hi - how's things?" in the way that people do. "I'm just looking at these books" I said "and thinking that it would be lovely to have a really good book about Blessed John Paul II, for children..." And he said "Would you like to write one for us?" We talked. We agreed. We looked at the current series of children's books on various saints (John Vianney, Therese of Lisieux) and agreed it should match these - the illustrations are delightful. And so it's happening. When I got home, I started on it. He's organising an illustrator. Golly. And because the TV and press... ...my present a confuised or distorted version of the new Church guidelines in the hideous problem os sexual abuse, you can get a good analysis here... Papa Benedict... ...had a good meeting with representatives of a Jewish group the other day - read more here... And this is relevant too.... Posted by Joanna Bogle at 12:48 am No comments: The Martyrs' Walk... ...through London will be on Sunday June 19th, starts 1.30pm for 2pm at St Sepulchre's, Newgate (opp. the Old Bailey - nearest tube: St Paul's). We walked the route today to plan (it's the route to Tyburn taken by the English martyrs). We'll be stopping off at SS Anselm and St Cecilia, St Giles-in-the-Fields (Anglican church, where we pray for all those who died in the conflicts of the Reformation, and where we are always made extremely welcome), St Patrick's, Soho Square (about to re-open after massive refurbishment and restoration - Fr Alexander Sherbrook on excellent form as always). We finish at Tyburn with Benediction and Tea. It's always a special day. We'll be praying the Rosary en route, and at Tyburn there'll be Adoration, opportunities for confession... The last stretch of the route, along Oxford Street, is a massive problem as it is jam-packed with people. Roadworks make for extra difficulties, and it is not possible for the street to be cleared of traffic as it is a major thoroughfare for London and would gridlock the entire capital if any such attempt was made... However, we worked things out and made good plans, and ended at Tyburn where the dear Sisters made us extremely welcome and we talked long over tea. A good day. Check out that link in my first para. Or just turn up on the day - no need to book. Wear suitable clothes and good shoes - we'll be walking whatever the weather. I heard ... ...yesterday about the news on the return of no-meat-on-Fridays. And it's confirmed today. This is VERY good news - a revival of an authentic Catholic practice which will resonate with everyone. Excellent. The dear face of Blessed John Paul... ...gazed serenely from a portrait placed by the sanctuary of Westminster Cathedral and was surrounded by candles and flowers as we gathered for Mass. I love the way that crowds seep into the cathedral, coming somehow as if from nowhere, on an occasion such as this: a Mass to give thanks for the Beatification of the great John Paul, on this Feast of Our Lady of Fatima. The dramatic link between the two - it being the 30th anniversary of that assasination attempt in St Peter's square in 1981 - was of course highlighted by Archbishop Vincent Nicholls in his address. Glorious singing from the Cathedral choir. As Mass ended, people went to light candles and invoke Blessed JP's prayers before the picture. Standing there I felt a sudden huge nostalgia for the days when he was Pope and addressing people in St Peter's and gathering young people together at great events around the world... "But he's more close to us all now than ever!" was of course the response when I spoke of this as we gathered in the evening sunshine in the piazza, and of course that's true, and of course that's what the Communion of Saints is all about... The scenes in the Cathedral piazza after a special Mass are always rather splendid - people were greeting the Archbishop and kissing his ring, and milling about chatting, the great doors of the Cathedral flung wide to reveal its darkened interior and then the glow of the great sanctuary, and a wafting breath of incense... A time to linger.Greeted by friends I hadn't seen for a long while, joined by others, lots of talk. We chatted about many things, including the newly-published instructions from Rome encouraging and supporting the Extraordinary Form of the Mass, which were incidentally almost exactly what I had predicted they would be, when chatting about the subject with friends in Rome back in February. And we spoke of events shared, and things to come - the glorious Papal Visit last September, World Youth Day coming up in August...and we reminisced, and spoke of new things...and the man who was Pope when some of us were young, is now named mong the Blessed in Heaven...meanwhile in Rome, Pope Benedict used the anniversary to affirm Blessed John Paul's theology of the body... ...a nasty new slogan being foisted on us this summer - girls being encoouraged to be proud of being called "sluts", and urged to take part in noisy boisterous "slut walks". The idea, apparently, is to dress as provocatively as possible and to boast of having had innumerable sexual partners, parading with much noise and shouting together through city centres, bearing placards announcing with pride the status of being a "slut". An elderly female journalist writes gloatingly about this in a national newspaper, saying that the walks will be "fun" and that it's all about affirming women's equality and celebrating liberation from years of having to be obsessed with cleanliness and housework. Doesn't she know that already there are so many broken, unhappy young women, whose miserable initiation into a ferocious round of sexual activity began in their early teens, and whose sense of self-loathing is at the heart of all this? Turning the old insult of "slut" into a ghastly jokey jeering term that girls use about themselves has been one of the nastiest trends of the past few years, and among young people it's all regarded as sick. Posted by Joanna Bogle at 9:45 am No comments: This Friday, May 13th... ...marks exactly 30 years since the attempt to kill Blessed John Paul II, and is also of course the day of the Fatima apparitions. Blessed John Paul said that one hand shot the bullet, another guided it. He owed his protection to Mary, and he later took the near-fatal bullet that had been extracted by the surgeons, and placed it in her crown at Fatima... The full message of Fatima was later revealed to the world at John Paul II's instruction. And we all learned of the vision of a Pope, dressed in white,staggering and falling, under savage attack in the midst of a great crowd. And now John Paul II has been beatified. Tomorrow, Friday May 13th, there will be a special Mass in Westminster Cathedral, at 5.30pm. I shall be there. Posted by Joanna Bogle at 8:37 am 1 comment: CATHOLIC HISTORY WALKS... ...there is one tonight (May 12th) starts St Paul's Cathedral, 6.30pm - meet you on the steps! Next one is WEDNESDAY May 25th. 6.30pm on the steps of WESTMINSTER CATHEDRAL (after the 5.30pm Mass). Note that it is WEDNESDAY MAy 25th, not Thursday. Book the date in your diary now... Sunday June 19th, the Martyrs' Walk in London. Meet at St Sepulchre's Church, near the Old Bailey, 1.30 for 2pm. No need to book - just turn up. We will be walking the route taken by Catholic Martyrs to Tyburn, and will finish with Benediction at the convent there. Join us. Posted by Joanna Bogle at 2:20 pm 1 comment: Chelsea on a summer evening... ...and a great gathering in the Monckton Room in the crypt of Holy Redeemer Church. These are the parents of First Communion children, and while the youngsters were in the church with their parish priest having instruction about the Sacraments, the mothers and fathers had a talk about the feasts and seasons of the Church's year and the traditions associated with them...a cheerful and very happy evening, with a most wonderful and friendly atmosphere. This is a really delightful parish. The Monckton Room is a an attractive and welcoming parish centre, bright and pleasant, created in the crypt of the church. It is named in honour of Jonathan Monckton, a young husband and father who was murdered in front of his family by burglars who shot him as they tried to force their way into his home. He was a faithful member of the parish at Holy Redeemer Church and served as an Extraordinary Minister of the Eucharist. Why not come to.... St Bede's Church at Clapham Park tomorrow evening (Thursday May 12th) and join us in watching a film about the great John Paul II? Mass 8pm, and then come to the parish club-room, where we'll watch the film over coffee and cake. It's all sponsored by the Union of Catholic Mothers, who meet regularly on Thursdays, and there'll be coffee and cake and donations (£3) which will go to the Maryvale Institute. Incidentally, if you want a really vivid account of what it was like to be among that million-and-a-half strong crowd in Rome for the Beatification, read this blog. The pics of Mass celebrated on the train from Poland are really touching. AAAARGH!!! Are you the teacher who sent in big batch of entries for the Association of Catholic Women's Schools RE Project - and forgot to put the name of the school? And gave no useful identification of any kind? All we have is "Primary 4". Who are you, and can you get in touch? We can do nothing - none of the essays evenm have children's names on them! Meanwhile we are busy reading all the essays sent in from schools across Britain. Some gems so far: "Christmas is an immaculate celebration" "Hallow be thy name. I will be done on earth as it is in Heaven". Family time... ...a visit to young relatives, a baby's First Birthday, singing, cake, fun. Young godmothers and aunties playing with small children, a noisy bathtime, children tucked up in bunks, a dolly cuddled safely in small arms. Prayers, and the sound of voices together "Our Father, who art in Heaven..." Overwhelmed... ...with entries for the ACW 2011 Schools RE Project. It is now quite difficult to negotiate my way past the great stacks of them in my study awaiting delivery to the final judging-session in London in a couple of weeks' time. They have simply poured in from Catholic primary schools across Britain. Pupils were invited to study the Rosary, focussing in particular on the Joyful and the Luminous Mysteries. It will be hard to choose winners from among the great number of entries, but teams of judges have been reading and re-reading all the essays as they have arrived. A large number of runner-up awards are given, in addition to the main prizes. The Project is sponsored by the Catholic Truth Society, and prizes are books from their excellent current catalogue. Underwhelmed... ...by a statement from some Lefevbrists about the new Ordinariate of Our Lady of Walsingham. It's a little pompous of them to be issuing pronouncements giving their opinions in this way and it shows a rather worrying tendency on their part to assume that they have an authority to do so. Rome has been generous to the followers of Archp Lefebvre, and will continue to be. The right approach from the SSPX should be (1) apology for having gone into schism and (2) gratitude for any offer that is made for a way back. For insights... ...into Auntie's lifestyle, try this... Posted by Joanna Bogle at 8:32 am 4 comments: Lift up your heart... ...and enjoy this. And let's try to get this DVD into Britain... ...it looks terrific: Posted by Joanna Bogle at 11:07 pm 1 comment: I emailed a friend... ...Dr Tracey Rowland, of the John Paul II Institute in Melbourne, Australia, to send congratulations on the Beatification of John Paul II. She sent me a reply from Rome, where she has of course been at the celebrations. And she's written the most magnificent piece for a Melbourne paper - you absolutely must, MUST read it. Go on, enjoy it here.... ...still trawling the Web to get more on JPII and that wonderful Beatification, I found much to enjoy on this blog... Lunch with... ...Father James Tolhurst,prolific author, and a family friend of longstanding: he married Jamie and me back in 1980 at St Elphege's, Wallington. We had a delicious lunch and talked and talked...we share a publisher, and swapped news and info on current projects: Fr Jim's latest book on prayer has become deservedly popular. He's also something of a Newman scholar... Back at home, busy sorting through some of the huge stacks of entries from children at Catholic primary schools across Britain in the Association of Catholic Women's Schools' RE Project. Children were asked to study and write about the Rosary, focussing specifically on some of the Joyful and Luminous Mysteries. The standard of work is high: we are always being told that Catholic schools don't teach the Faith, none of the children know anything, etc etc but that is just not true - here are great stacks of essays from children who have been taught all about the Rosary and been set to study it in some depth. The suburbs... ...in bright sunshine,and a morning Mass at Holy Ghost Church, Balham.A class of children from the parish primary school were there,filling the rows of pews at the front, beautifully attentive, looking smart in their school uniforms, reverent, delightful. This wasn't a special occasion - weekday Masses are evidently a fairly regular part of school life. Good numbers of people in the rest of the congregation too - it all made a very cheering start to the day. Feast of the English Martyrs and the priest spoke beautifully to the children, explaining about the importance of learning about the Faith and being able to talk about it with confidence and be a witness... A cheering chat w. the parish priest, who is also diocesan Vocations Director. Check out this event which will bring together young people this summer. And you might enjoy... this feature with Auntie's thoughts on Blessed John Paul, and on celebrating the Divine Mercy... Watch and rejoice... Just to enjoy... ....I am posting the Holy Father's homily at that glorious beatification Mass...read it again here.... Oh, dear... ...after an extremely busy few days, I came home to tackle a massive amount of email. There is always a certain amount of ranting nonsense, but it seems more menacing when seen in bulk. I sat pressing "delete" as I scrolled over innumerable offerings scattered with underlinings and italics and exclamation marks, telling me that President Obama's birth certificate was written in Chinese, that John Paul II was secretly a freemason, that there was a Conspiracy to Block the Full Truth about all this... etc ...etc..etc... And before you write in to tell me that you didn't know about these bits of information, and please would I reveal more - OK, I made up those two items. My inventions are on an exact level with the gobbledegook being sent around the Net. The invention of e-communication was a terrible gift to the conspiracy-theorists, and they will blight our lives for years to come. Auntie's thoughts... ...on The Wedding, on John Paul II and on Divine Mercy, are here.... Walsingham... ...was a wonderful place at which to celebrate the Beatification of John Paul II. A pilgrimage led by Aid to the Church in Need, and then I stayed on for the next day's beautiful Divine Mercy devotions. Wasn't that great Beatification in Rome just magnificent? Over one and a half million people flocking there, filling the streets and squares, praying and singing and honouring the man whose legacy to us has been so rich: the man who took the Church across the threshold of the new Millenium, who opened up new frontiers in evangelisation, who founded World Youth Day and gave us the Mysteries of Light in the Rosary, and more, and more...I was touched to read the enthusiastic comments by the excellent Cardinal Raymond Burke, in Rome which I echo:"He gave the world hope". Before heading for Walsingham, I was in Oxford to watch the play The Quality of Mercy presented by a young drama group at the University Chaplaincy. Magnificent. It brought out the glory of the message of mercy, weaving this into a gripping story following the adventures of a group of young pilgrims en route to "seek the face of Christ" at Manopello. beginning at Rome where they have just encountered John Paul...I plan to write a full review of this play - which I hope will be presented in a number of other places in due course.Meanwhile, you can find out more about it here and here.	cc/2019-30/en_head_0043.json.gz/line2368
__label__wiki	0.619383	0.619383	Bevin's budget boosts efforts against opioid abuse but would cut several health programs, including poison control center FRANKFORT, Ky. — Gov. Matt Bevin's proposed budget would boost programs that fight substance-use disorders and the state's over-burdened social-services system, but calls for cuts to other health-related programs, including the state's only poison control center and one that trains doctors in rural parts of the state. Bevin's proposal to the General Assembly calls for an additional $34 million to fight the opioid epidemic, with a focus on helping pregnant women addicted to drugs. It also includes $24 million to hire more social workers and give raises to those already employed. Medicaid, which covers about one-third of the state's population, is the state's largest health expense. The governor's budget recommendation for Medicaid is around $11.5 billion in the first year and $11.8 billion in the second year, mostly from federal funds. The Kentucky Hospital Association told Kentucky Health News that it was pleased with the numbers. "It looked like there was just a minimal reduction so we were pleased that the budget maintained the funding for Medicaid," said Nancy Galvagni, senior vice president of the association. "We understand from talking with people at the Cabinet [for Health and Family Services] that they consider it funded going forward." Administration officials told reporters at a Jan. 17 budget briefing that the Medicaid budget had been included in the governor's across-the-board 6.25 percent cuts, but the cut was taken from the projected need of the Medicaid program, not current funding. The governor also proposed that 70 state programs lose all of their funding, with a projected savings of $85 million a year. At least nine of them related to health. Some haven't received state funding in recent years, but others have depended on it. One of those is Norton Kosair Children's Hospital Poison Control Center, which is the state's only poison control center, serving all 120 counties. It received $729,000 in each of the past two fiscal years from the state, Joe Sonka reports for Insider Louisville. Maggie Roetker, a spokeswoman for Norton Healthcare, told Sonka that the funding amounts to 43 percent of the poison center's $1.7 million annual budget. She said the federal government provides $234,000 and Norton makes up the rest. Sonka reports that according to the center's current service contract with the state, it fields about 70,000 callers a year; saves Kentuckians more than $10 million a year by keeping people out of emergency rooms; and saves Kentuckians $3 to $5 million per year by consulting with patients who are already hospitalized by a poison, which decreases the length of their stay. Another program set to lose funding is Madisonville's Trover Clinic, for a program that allows medical students from the University of Louisville to complete the last two years of medical school in rural communities. The Kentucky Center for Economic Policy reports that this program is scheduled to receive $910,000 in the fiscal year that ends June 30. Two other health-related programs on the governor's chopping block include the Lung Cancer Research Grants Program at U of L and the University of Kentucky, which is getting $5,176,100 in the current fiscal year and the Autism Training Center, now getting $119,300, according to KCEP. The budget would "eliminate state funding for five cancer research or prevention programs, including . . . screening programs for colon, breast, cervical and ovarian cancer," Linda Blackford reports for the Lexington Herald-Leader. But it includes $2.5 million each year in new money for the Pediatric Cancer Research Trust Fund, for brain-cancer research at the two universities, which would have to each provide $1.2 million to match the state appropriation. The fund was created in 2015 by Sen. Max Wise, R-Campbellsville, whose son Carter, now 10, had cancer when he was six months old. Wise said he and the universities asked for $9.8 million over two years. "It shouldn't be a competition, but unfortunately it is," Wise told Blackford. "We were not trying to play priorities or favorites." The screening programs for breast and cervical cancer are operated with federal funds, so elimination of any state funds would not impact it, said Doug Hogan, spokesman for the Cabinet for Health and Family Services. Hogan said the colon-cancer screening program had not received state funds for several years. "Health screenings for preventive services are covered by all insurance plans and there are no deductibles or co-pays," Hogan said. "That applies to various preventive screens including those for colon, breast and cervical cancers." Jaimie Studts, professor of behavioral science at the UK College of Medicine, said the Kentucky Lung Cancer Education Awareness Detection Survivorship Collaborative, also called the Kentucky LEADS Collaborative, has never received any state funding. He said it was slated to get $10,000 in each year of the current budget, but Bevin "red-lined" the allocation, saying the health secretary would need to determine how best to spend that money. Including the program among the list of 70 to be cut "doesn't directly affect us in terms of dollars," Studts said. "But indirectly it does send a message that the governor and this administration is not interested in making those kinds of efforts to address Kentucky's burden of lung cancer." Some other health programs on the list hadn't received any funding from the state for the past several years: ARC of Kentucky, a group that supports people with intellectual and developmental disabilities, and Madison County Early Intervention Services. They were not scheduled to get any funding in the 2018 fiscal year, according to KCEP. It has published a list of programs proposed for elimination and the current appropriation for each. Bevin says his cuts are necessary to fully fund the state's pension obligations, with his budget setting aside about $3.3 billion, or 15 percent of state spending, for that purpose. Opponents of the governor's budget cuts are calling for raising new tax revenue through comprehensive tax reform, which the governor said could happen in 2018. However, his office said in his budget news release that "He is calling for genuine tax reform that will make Kentucky more competitive with its neighboring states -- not merely a bump in the sales tax or an increase in the cigarette tax." Posted by Melissa Patrick at 11:20 AM Labels: breast cancer, cancer, cancer screening, cervical cancer, colorectal cancer, legislature, lung cancer, Medicaid, medical education, ovarian cancer, pediatric cancer, prevention, state budget, taxes Health Secretary Vickie Yates Brown Glisson resign... Ky. Obamacare enrollment bounces back; increase 2n... Reporters dig deep to tell history of opioids and ... House committee approves bill to keep doctors' rev... Cigarette-tax advocates say it would reduce smokin... Walter May, leader of Pikeville hospital's growth,... Health department says flu is epidemic in Ky.; sch... 71% of Kentucky adults continue to support smoking... Medicaid enrollees sue federal agencies and offici... Children's Health Insurance Program extended for s... Attorney general files suit against national drug ... Keys to fighting opioids in Appalachia: reducing s... Bevin's budget boosts efforts against opioid abuse... Kentucky's new Medicaid program will have administ... Bevin tells PBS requiring Medicaid enrollees to wo... Senate health committee recommends $1 increase in ... Analysts think Medicaid work requirements pose lit... State-UK partnership creates system to track drug ... State health plan says online service has saved it... HIV cases among N.Ky. drug users jump, sparking fe... Bill requiring sex-ed classes to teach abstinence ... Federal officials approve Gov. Bevin's plan for wo... Health department reports first flu deaths of chil... Foundation for a Healthy Ky. gave out almost $900,... Federal government paves the way for Kentucky to i... Despite obstacles, more Kentuckians enrolled in Ob... Trump order aims to reduce suicide among new veter... Two campaigns encourage smokers to keep trying to ... Weekly kicked off new year with front page all abo... Tobacco-settlement funds will subsidize summer mea... Substance abuse about as common in rural areas as ... Sen. Rand Paul cites President Trump's action on P... Ky. leads nation in overuse of antibiotics, one re... Another study finds teens who use non-cigarette to... Anthem Blue Cross Blue Shield has become less like... Poll finds 69 percent of Kentucky voters support i... Tips on how to avoid hypothermia and carbon monoxi... Poor adults on Medicaid more likely to quit smokin...	cc/2019-30/en_head_0043.json.gz/line2373
__label__wiki	0.858993	0.858993	Motorola Launches Two New Android Devices, The Droid Razr and Motoactv Tom Krazit Oct 18, 2011 - 3:21 PM CDT Motorola (NYSE: MMI) took the wraps off two new interesting Android devices Tuesday during an event in New York, unveiling the Droid Razr and the Motoactv, an Android device targeted at the health conscious. Both will ship in time for the holiday season and round out Motorola’s product offerings just in time for rival Samsung to surpass it with a next-generation device expected to launch this evening. The Droid Razr comes a few weeks after the launch of the Droid Bionic, a gap that was supposed to be longer due to delays in the launch of the Bionic. It’s an extremely thin phone at 7.1mm thick, which harkens back to its namesake feature phone from the middle of the last decade and is about 2mm thinner than the iPhone 4S. It runs the Gingerbread version of Android, and will cost $299 with 32GBs of storage, the same price as the iPhone 4S. It will be available on Verizon in early November. Unfortunately for Motorola, we’re less than 12 hours away from the expected launch of a new Nexus phone from Samsung and Google that will run Ice Cream Sandwich, the most recent version of Android yet announced by Google (NSDQ: GOOG). That event has been widely anticipated by the Android community, and will likely overshadow the debut of the Droid Razr although Google and Samsung were originally supposed to hold the event last week. While we’re used to seeing Android phones come out of Motorola, the Motoactv is interesting because it’s something that Android smartphone partners haven’t done very often: an Android device that doesn’t look like a phone. It’s a small square device that can be worn on one’s arm while working out and that comes with software designed to help users keep track of their workouts. At $249 for just 8GB of storage, the Motoactv is perhaps a little pricier than such a special-purpose device should be, although you can make phone calls, receive texts, and run Android apps on the device. But it’s an interesting gambit down the path toward wearable computers, which many mobile experts think are going to be big sellers in the coming years. One Response to “Motorola Launches Two New Android Devices, The Droid Razr and Motoactv” Sean Martin Walsh October 18, 2011 HOLY SHIT!!! IT’S A FUCKING POKETECH!!!!	cc/2019-30/en_head_0043.json.gz/line2375
__label__wiki	0.720572	0.720572	Giorgione: The Madonna in Art In my interpretation of the “Tempest” as the “Rest on the Flight into Egypt,” I argued that the nudity of the Woman was Giorgione’s attempt to portray Mary as the Immaculate Conception. Although theologians had debated the dogma for centuries, it was only its resurgence in the 15th century that led artists to finally attempt to treat the subject. Emile Male’s classic three volume study of Medieval iconography included a brilliant discussion of the evolution of the Madonna’s depiction in Medieval art. Princeton University published the three volume set in 1986. Below are excerpts from the second and third volumes that trace the evolution from Virgin Queen in the 13th century to Virgin Mother and Mater Dolorosa in the 14th and 15th centuries and to Immaculate Conception in the 16th century. Emile Male: “Religious Art in France, The Thirteenth Century,” Princeton, 1986. Pp. 234-240. This volume has been printed in paperback as “The Gothic Image.” 234-5. The cult of the Virgin that grew up in the twelfth century spread during the thirteenth. The bells of Christendom began to ring the Angelus. The Office of the Virgin was recited daily. Our most beautiful cathedrals were dedicated to her. The idea of the Immaculate Conception began to take form in the minds of Christians who for centuries had meditated on the mystery of a Virgin chosen by God. …New religious orders—the Franciscans and the Dominicans—were true knights of the Virgin and spread her cult among the people…. 235. In all the books written to glorify the Virgin, perhaps the idea that recurs most often is that Mary is Queen…. 235-6. Among the many ideas and feelings that clustered around the Virgin in this period, the idea of royalty was the one best understood and most strongly expressed by artists. The Virgin of the twelfth and early thirteenth centuries is a queen….Mary is a queen who holds the King of the world. At no other period were artists able to confer such majesty upon the image of the mother of God. 239. Toward the end of the thirteenth century, the Virgin of the theologians, as majestic as pure idea, seemed too remote from man. All the miracles attributed to her in the thirteenth century, all the times she appeared to sinners, merciful and smiling, had brought her closer to mankind. It was then that the artists, faithfully interpreting the feelings of the people, conceived the Virgin of the north portal of Notre-dame of Paris as a mother radiating maternal pride…the virgin had grown to womanhood; she is a mother. In the fourteenth century, the Virgin and Child group, represented with such solemnity a century before, has only intimacy left. The theological ideas represented by the Virgin, became less and less accessible to artists. They did not comprehend…’that it was the desire of the Infinite god to unite with a Virgin’…they could no longer recreate the superhuman Virgins of the past. They were satisfied to represent a mother smiling at her child. Soon they would bring the Virgin even closer to humanity through her grief. But the Mater Dolorosa that inspired so many masterpieces in fifteenth-century art, the Virgin old before her time who wept over the bleeding forehead of her son, does not belong to the century under study. [13th]…artists did not yet dare to express her grief…. If the artists liberated themselves fairly early from the ideas of theologians, they remained on the contrary faithful to the legends. They borrowed almost all the episodes in the life of Mary from the apocryphal Gospels…. 239-240. It did not occur to thirteenth-century artists, as it would to those of the late Middle Ages, to represent the Virgin before her birth. The thirteenth century left this to the sixteenth. It was shortly after 1500 that the young girl with long hair, surrounded by the rose, the star, the mirror, the fountain, and the closed garden appeared in stained glass windows, tapestries, and Books of Hours. This Virgin—a pure concept, anterior to time, an eternal thought of god—did not yet exist. Such a lofty idea, and one imminently suited to serve as inspiration to artists contemporary with St. Bonaventura and Dante, was however unknown to them…. Neither did thirteenth-century artists go back to the father and mother of St. Anne in the genealogy of the virgin….the artists dealt only with the story of St. Anne and St. Joachim, her first husband…. The meeting at the golden Gate is the subject most frequently depicted. The artists of the late Middle Ages had a marked predilection for it. In fact, it was the only way that had been devised to represent the Immaculate Conception. Although the error had been condemned by the Church Doctors, it was repeated that Mary had been conceived at the moment when Anna and Joachim kissed. The following excerpts are from the third volume in the series, “Religious Art in France, the later Middle Ages,” Princeton, 1986. 197. toward the end of the fifteenth century, a mysterious idea that had been secretly germinating in man’s soul for more than five hundred years, suddenly blossomed. It now seemed clear to theologians that the Virgin could not have partaken of original sin, being especially exempted from the law by divine decree. Mary, the perfect model of newly created humanity, like Eve at the time she was created by the hands of God, had come into the world free of the burden of sin. The dogma of the Immaculate Conception was an ancient idea that already had its followers in England and Normandy as early as the eleventh century. 198. This doctrine, supported by the Synod of Basel in 1439, approved by Pope Sixtus IV in 1476, and accepted as dogma by the Sorbonne in 1496, would inevitably have found its expression in art…. 199. The task was difficult. How was one to represent the Virgin as a pure concept? How convey her creation without sin, by God’s decree, her existence in his thought before the creation of time? From the fifteenth century on, artists tried to resolve the problem. They first thought of the woman spoken of so mysteriously in the Apocalypse. She has the moon beneath her feet, stars on her head, and the sun envelops her; she seems older than time, no doubt conceived before the universe…. In the fifteenth century, in fact, we find manuscripts containing a half-length figure of the Virgin, who seems to rise out of a crescent moon and to shine like the sun….there can be no doubt that the Virgin of the crescent moon was the first symbolic representation of the Immaculate Conception 200. In the early years of the sixteenth century, a most poetic figure of the Virgin appeared in France. She is a young girl, almost a child; her long hair covers her shoulders…The young virgin seems to be suspended between heaven and earth. She floats like an unexpressed thought, for she is only an idea in the divine mind. God appears above her, and seeing her so pure, pronounces the words of the song of songs: Tota pulchra es, amica mea, et macula non est in te (Thou art all fair, O my love, and there is not a spot in the). And to express the beauty and purity of the betrothed chosen by God, the artist chose the most pleasing metaphors of the Bible: around her he placed the closed garden, the tower of David, the fountain, the lily of the valleys, the star, the rose, the spotless mirror. 202. Such an image no doubt answered the innermost feelings of Christians, for it was soon repeated ad infinitum…. 204. Images of the Immaculate Conception usually appeared alone. Their numbers increased due to the confraternities of the Virgin which celebrated her Conception,… 205. Thus, the Tree of Jesse was considered a sort of symbol of the Immaculate Conception….the true reason for the presence of the Tree of Jesse in so many churches lies, I believe, in the cult of the Virgin, and, especially, in the cult of her Conception. 209. Thus the era of the Middle Ages ended. For more than a thousand years it had worked to fashion the image of the Virgin; this was its ever-abiding thought, its secret and profound poetry. And it might be said that the Middle Ages came to an end at the exact moment when it had made this cherished image as perfect as its dream. Of course, Male’s work centered around France and its cathedrals but the cult of the Immaculate Conception was certainly not limited to France. In “Piety and Patronage in Renaissance Venice,” Rona Goffen argued that Venice itself became identified with the Immaculate Conception by the end of the Quattrocento. Here is an image of the Immaculate Conception as the Woman from the Book of Revelation (Apocalypse) in a stained glass window of Our Lady of the Assumption church in Fairfield, Connecticut. The church was built in 1939 and Mary has an "art deco" look. Labels: Emile Male, Immaculate Conception, Madonna H Niyazi February 18, 2011 at 6:41 AM Male's magnum opus sounds quite remarkable! I am presently reading Noah Charney's recent book on the Ghent Altarpiece. As it contains an Annuniciation panel, there is a good level of information on the prevalent ideas around Immaculate Conception in the 15th Century, and how this was dealt with by artists. It's quite interesting, and I believe quite relevant to discussion of Giorgione as a fellow painter of mysteries Dr. F February 20, 2011 at 2:53 PM Emile Male opened up a whole new world to me years ago when I first looked into "The Gothic Image." Actually, he was largely responsible for the rediscovery of the world of Medieval art in the 19th century after it had been lost for over 300 years. Giorgione: "Due Notte" Giorgione: Patrons and Painters Giorgione and Correggio	cc/2019-30/en_head_0043.json.gz/line2376
__label__wiki	0.574919	0.574919	Cole Dunster Originally from Kidron, Ohio, Cole Dunster is a Director of Finance & Strategy for Milliken & Company, a privately held diversified manufacturer of performance textiles, commercial floor coverings, and specialty chemicals. Over the course of his career, Cole has worked on teams that have turned around struggling businesses, grown new businesses into market leadership positions, and helped re-shape the corporate portfolio through acquisitions and divestitures. Currently, he is part of a globally diverse team providing customers with innovative solutions in the specialty chemicals market. He has a BA in Business Administration from Mount Vernon Nazarene University and an MBA from Duke University’s Fuqua School of Business. Cole lives in South Carolina with his wife, Jenny, and their 4 children, where much of his time outside of work is invested in nurturing his family’s interests in music, sports, and travelling. Manufacturers Alliance for Productivity and Innovation 1600 Wilson Blvd., Suite 1100, Arlington, VA 22209 mapi.net \| 703.841.9000 \| Contact Us ABOUT MAPI Founded in 1933, the Manufacturers Alliance for Productivity and Innovation is a nonprofit organization that connects manufacturing leaders with the ideas they need to make smarter decisions. Registration Terms \| Privacy Policy \| Antitrust Statement © MAPI 2019: All rights reserved	cc/2019-30/en_head_0043.json.gz/line2387
__label__wiki	0.742812	0.742812	The long way home » The long way home: Chief Inspector Armand Gamache Series, Book 10 Inspector Armand Gamache mysteries volume 10. Checked Out/Available Elsewhere 11 copies, 1 person is on the wait list. 0 of 2 Loveland Adult Fiction - Mystery & Crime Penny, L. 0 of 2 Boulder Main Mystery Fiction MYSTERY Penn 0 of 1 Boulder Meadows Mystery Fiction MYSTERY Penn 0 of 1 Boulder Reynolds Mystery Fiction MYSTERY Penn 0 of 1 Broomfield Mystery F Penny 0 of 1 Lafayette General Fiction Pen 2 of 2 Longmont Adult Fiction Mystery Collection FICTION PENNY, L. 1 of 1 Louisville Mysteries M PEN [2014] First edition. viii, 373 pages ; 25 cm. 2015. First Minotaur Books paperback edition. viii, 388 pages ; 21 cm. + Audio CD 0 of 1 Loveland Adult Book on CD - Fiction Penny, L. 1 of 1 Boulder Main Books on CD D Penn 0 of 1 Boulder Meadows Books on CD D Penn 1 of 1 Broomfield Books on CD CDFIC Penny 1 of 1 Lafayette Audio Collection Pen 1 of 2 Longmont Adult Fiction Compact Discs CD FICTION PENNY, L. 1 of 1 Louisville Adult Books on CD BOOKCD FIC PEN [2014] Unabridged. Macmillan Audio, 10 sound discs (12 hr.) : digital ; 4 3/4 in. English 2014 OverDrive Macmillan Audio English 2014 OverDrive St. Martin's Press English 0 of 1 Boulder Main Large Print LP MYSTERY Penn 0 of 1 Boulder Meadows Large Print LP MYSTERY Penn 0 of 1 Longmont Large Print Fiction Large Type FICTION PENNY, L. 2015. Large Print Press, a part of Gale, Cengage Learning, 603 pages (large print) ; 22 cm. 2014. Thorndike Press, 605 pages (large print) ; 23 cm. Happily retired in the village of Three Pines, Armand Gamache, former Chief Inspector of Homicide with the Surete du Quebec, has found a peace he'd only imagined possible. On warm summer mornings he sits on a bench holding a small book, " The Balm in Gilead, " in his large hands. "There is a balm in Gilead," his neighbor Clara Morrow reads from the dust jacket, "to make the wounded whole." While Gamache doesn't talk about his wounds and his balm, Clara tells him about hers. Peter, her artist husband, has failed to come home. Failed to show up as promised on the first anniversary of their separation. She wants Gamache's help to find him. Having finally found sanctuary, Gamache feels a near revulsion at the thought of leaving Three Pines. "There's power enough in Heaven," he finishes the quote as he contemplates the quiet village, "to cure a sin-sick soul." And then he gets up. And joins her. Together with his former second-in-command, Jean-Guy Beauvoir, and Myrna Landers, they journey deeper and deeper into Quebec. And deeper and deeper into the soul of Peter Morrow. A man so desperate to recapture his fame as an artist, he would sell that soul. And may have. The journey takes them further and further from Three Pines, to the very mouth of the great St. Lawrence river. To an area so desolate, so damned, the first mariners called it the land God gave to Cain. And there they discover the terrible damage done by a sin-sick soul. Artists -- Fiction Gamache, Armand Gamache, Armand (Fictitious character) Gamache, Armand (Fictitious character) -- Fiction Gamache, Armand -- (Fictitious character) -- Fiction Missing persons -- Fiction Missing persons -- Investigation -- Fiction Police -- Quâebec (Province) -- Fiction Police -- Que?bec (Province) -- Fiction Police -- Québec (Province) -- Fiction Cosham, Ralph. Narrator 4818bb2d-6da0-c746-1527-4d69dfd3137b penny louise Cosham, Ralph. Cosham, Ralph.\|Narrator Penny, Louise Boulder Main Books on CD, Boulder Main Large Print, Boulder Main Mystery Fiction, Boulder Meadows Books on CD, Boulder Meadows Large Print, Boulder Meadows Mystery Fiction, Boulder Reynolds Mystery Fiction, Broomfield Books on CD, Broomfield Mystery, Lafayette Audio Collection, Lafayette General Fiction, Longmont Adult Fiction Compact Discs, Longmont Adult Fiction Mystery Collection, Longmont Large Print Fiction, Louisville Adult Books on CD, Louisville Mysteries, Loveland Adult Book on CD - Fiction, Loveland Adult Fiction - Mystery & Crime, Online OverDrive Collection "While Gamache doesn't talk about his wounds and his balm, Clara tells him about hers. Peter, her artist husband, has failed to come home. Failed to show up as promised on the first anniversary of their separation. She wants Gamache's help to find him. Having finally found sanctuary, Gamache feels a near revulsion at the thought of leaving Three Pines. "There's power enough in Heaven," he finishes the quote as he contemplates the quiet village, "to cure a sin-sick soul." And then he gets up. And joins her"-- Audio CD, Book, Large Print, eAudiobook, eBook 9781250022059, 9781250022066, 9781250022073, 9781410469854, 9781427244291, 9781427258595, 9781594138881 ils:.b22064588\|.i26241614\|Broomfield Books on CD\|CDFIC Penny\|\|\|1\|false\|false\|\|\|\|\|On Shelf\|Jun 19, 2019\|mdbca\|\|, ils:.b22064588\|.i26298855\|Boulder Main Books on CD\|D Penn\|\|\|1\|false\|false\|\|\|\|\|On Shelf\|Jul 16, 2019\|bmbca\|\|, ils:.b22064588\|.i26323035\|Louisville Adult Books on CD\|BOOKCD FIC PEN\|\|\|1\|false\|false\|\|\|\|\|On Shelf\|May 15, 2019\|lsbca\|\|, ils:.b22064588\|.i26336583\|Boulder Meadows Books on CD\|D Penn\|\|\|1\|false\|false\|\|\|\|\|Due Jul 22, 2019\|Jun 30, 2019\|bebca\|\|, ils:.b22064588\|.i32528929\|Longmont Adult Fiction Compact Discs\|CD FICTION PENNY, L.\|\|\|1\|false\|false\|\|\|\|\|Due Jul 30, 2019\|Jun 04, 2019\|lgbca\|\|, ils:.b22064588\|.i32528930\|Longmont Adult Fiction Compact Discs\|CD FICTION PENNY, L.\|\|\|1\|false\|false\|\|\|\|\|On Shelf\|Jun 29, 2019\|lgbca\|\|, ils:.b22064588\|.i36376899\|Lafayette Audio Collection\|Pen\|\|\|1\|false\|false\|\|\|\|\|On Shelf\|Mar 07, 2019\|laafa\|\|, ils:.b22064588\|.i41249112\|Loveland Adult Book on CD - Fiction\|Penny, L.\|\|\|1\|false\|false\|\|\|\|\|Due Aug 6, 2019\|Jul 13, 2019\|lvcfa\|\|, ils:.b22066147\|.i26244986\|Broomfield Mystery\|F Penny\|\|\|1\|false\|false\|\|\|\|\|Due Jul 30, 2019\|Jun 11, 2019\|mdfma\|\|, ils:.b22066147\|.i26258110\|Boulder Main Mystery Fiction\|MYSTERY Penn\|\|\|1\|false\|false\|\|\|\|\|Due Aug 2, 2019\|Jul 03, 2019\|bmfma\|\|, ils:.b22066147\|.i26258201\|Boulder Reynolds Mystery Fiction\|MYSTERY Penn\|\|\|1\|false\|false\|\|\|\|\|On Hold Shelf\|Jul 05, 2019\|bgfma\|\|, ils:.b22066147\|.i26258213\|Boulder Meadows Mystery Fiction\|MYSTERY Penn\|\|\|1\|false\|false\|\|\|\|\|Due Jul 11, 2020\|Apr 28, 2019\|befma\|\|, ils:.b22066147\|.i26261492\|Louisville Mysteries\|M PEN\|\|\|1\|false\|false\|\|\|\|\|On Shelf\|Jun 03, 2019\|lsfma\|\|, ils:.b22066147\|.i32529235\|Longmont Adult Fiction Mystery Collection\|FICTION PENNY, L.\|\|\|1\|false\|false\|\|\|\|\|On Shelf\|Jul 05, 2019\|lgfma\|\|, ils:.b22066147\|.i32529247\|Longmont Adult Fiction Mystery Collection\|FICTION PENNY, L.\|\|\|1\|false\|false\|\|\|\|\|On Shelf\|Jun 28, 2019\|lgfma\|\|, ils:.b22066147\|.i36708288\|Lafayette General Fiction\|Pen\|\|\|1\|false\|false\|\|\|\|\|Due Jul 27, 2019\|May 19, 2019\|lafma\|\|, ils:.b22066147\|.i41692007\|Loveland Adult Fiction - Mystery & Crime\|Penny, L.\|\|\|1\|false\|false\|\|\|\|\|Due Aug 10, 2019\|Jun 28, 2019\|lvfma\|\|, ils:.b22066147\|.i41692019\|Loveland Adult Fiction - Mystery & Crime\|Penny, L.\|\|\|1\|false\|false\|\|\|\|\|Due Jul 28, 2019\|Jun 03, 2019\|lvfma\|\|, ils:.b24396102\|.i32565707\|Longmont Large Print Fiction\|Large Type FICTION PENNY, L.\|\|\|1\|false\|false\|\|\|\|\|Due Jul 30, 2019\|Jun 24, 2019\|lgfla\|\|, ils:.b28886525\|.i43913179\|Boulder Main Mystery Fiction\|MYSTERY Penn\|\|\|1\|false\|false\|\|\|\|\|On Hold Shelf\|Jul 02, 2019\|bmfma\|\|, ils:.b28899556\|.i44110753\|Boulder Main Large Print\|LP MYSTERY Penn\|\|\|1\|false\|false\|\|\|\|\|Due Aug 8, 2019\|Jun 20, 2019\|bmlpa\|\|, ils:.b28899556\|.i44110777\|Boulder Meadows Large Print\|LP MYSTERY Penn\|\|\|1\|false\|false\|\|\|\|\|Due Jul 26, 2019\|May 30, 2019\|belpa\|\|, overdrive:db1c8aed-065f-41e3-9e5d-5e1a4c88edfb\|-1\|Online OverDrive Collection\|Online OverDrive\|eBook\|eBook\|1\|false\|true\|OverDrive\|\|\|Adobe EPUB eBook,Kindle Book,OverDrive Read\|Checked Out\|\|\|\|, overdrive:e9bcff96-b868-480a-a842-94f1159fb79a\|-1\|Online OverDrive Collection\|Online OverDrive\|eAudiobook\|Audio Books\|2\|false\|true\|OverDrive\|\|\|OverDrive MP3 Audiobook,OverDrive Listen\|Checked Out\|\|\|\| , CD audio, hardcover book, paperback book Penny, L. primary_upc ils:.b22064588\|Audio CD\|Audio Books\|Unabridged.\|English\|Macmillan Audio,\|[2014]\|10 sound discs (12 hr.) : digital ; 4 3/4 in., ils:.b22066147\|Book\|Books\|First edition.\|English\|Minotaur Books,\|[2014]\|viii, 373 pages ; 25 cm., ils:.b24396102\|Large Print\|Books\|Large print edition.\|English\|Thorndike Press,\|2014.\|605 pages (large print) ; 23 cm., ils:.b28886525\|Book\|Books\|First Minotaur Books paperback edition.\|English\|Minotaur Books,\|2015.\|viii, 388 pages ; 21 cm., ils:.b28899556\|Large Print\|Books\|Large print edition.\|English\|Large Print Press, a part of Gale, Cengage Learning,\|2015.\|603 pages (large print) ; 22 cm., overdrive:db1c8aed-065f-41e3-9e5d-5e1a4c88edfb\|eBook\|eBook\|\|English\|St. Martin's Press\|2014\|, overdrive:e9bcff96-b868-480a-a842-94f1159fb79a\|eAudiobook\|Audio Books\|\|English\|Macmillan Audio\|2014\| ils:.b24396102 .i32565707 Checked Out Checked Out false false true false false false 128, 1, 129, 2, 3, 131, 4, 132, 5, 133, 6, 7, 135, 8, 136, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 17, 18, 19, 20, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 45, 46, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 80, 81, 82, 84, 85, 86, 92, 93, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99, 105, 106, 108, 109, 110, 111, 112, 114, 115, 116, 117, 118, 119, 125, 126, 127 ils:.b28886525 .i43913179 Checked Out On Hold Shelf false false true false false false 128, 129, 131, 132, 133, 135, 136, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 45, 46, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 80, 81, 82, 84, 85, 86, 92, 93, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99, 100, 105, 106, 108, 109, 110, 111, 112, 114, 115, 116, 117, 118, 119, 125, 126, 127 ils:.b28899556 .i44110753 Checked Out Checked Out false false true false false false 128, 129, 131, 132, 133, 135, 136, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 45, 46, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 80, 81, 82, 84, 85, 86, 92, 93, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99, 100, 105, 106, 108, 109, 110, 111, 112, 114, 115, 116, 117, 118, 119, 125, 126, 127 ils:.b22064588 .i26323035 On Shelf On Shelf false true true false false false 128, 129, 3, 131, 132, 133, 135, 8, 136, 9, 10, 11, 13, 14, 15, 18, 35, 38, 39, 40, 41, 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true false false false 128, 129, 131, 132, 133, 135, 136, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 45, 46, 67, 68, 69, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 80, 81, 82, 84, 85, 86, 92, 93, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99, 100, 105, 106, 108, 109, 110, 111, 112, 114, 115, 116, 117, 118, 119, 125, 126, 127 overdrive:e9bcff96-b868-480a-a842-94f1159fb79a -1 Checked Out Checked Out false false true false false false ils:.b22066147 .i41692007 Checked Out Checked Out false false true false false true 128, 1, 129, 2, 130, 3, 131, 4, 5, 133, 6, 7, 135, 8, 136, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 17, 18, 19, 20, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 45, 46, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 80, 81, 82, 84, 85, 86, 92, 93, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99, 100, 105, 106, 108, 109, 110, 115, 117, 118, 119, 125, 126, 127 ils:.b22066147 .i36708288 Checked Out Checked Out false false true false false false 128, 1, 129, 2, 3, 131, 4, 132, 5, 133, 6, 7, 135, 8, 136, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 17, 18, 19, 20, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 45, 46, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 80, 81, 82, 84, 85, 86, 92, 93, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99, 100, 105, 106, 108, 109, 110, 117, 118, 119, 125, 126, 127 overdrive:db1c8aed-065f-41e3-9e5d-5e1a4c88edfb -1 Checked Out Checked Out false false true false false false Inspector Armand Gamache mysteries Inspector Armand Gamache mysteries\|10 Artists -- Fiction, Audiobooks, Detective and mystery stories, Gamache, Armand (Fictitious character) -- Fiction, Gamache, Armand -- (Fictitious character) -- Fiction, Large type books, Missing persons -- Fiction, Missing persons -- Investigation -- Fiction, Murder -- Investigation -- Fiction, Mystery fiction, Police -- Quâebec (Province) -- Fiction, Police -- Que?bec (Province) -- Fiction, Police -- Québec (Province) -- Fiction, Sound recording The Long Way Home Chief Inspector Armand Gamache Series, Book 10, The long way home / Louise Penny, The long way home [compact disc] / Louise Penny, The long way home [large print] / Louise Penny, The long way home [text (large print)] / Louise Penny Chief Inspector Armand Gamache Series, Book 10 Artists, Detective and mystery stories, Fiction, Gamache, Armand, Gamache, Armand (Fictitious character), Investigation, Missing persons, Murder, Mystery, Police	cc/2019-30/en_head_0043.json.gz/line2388
__label__wiki	0.828417	0.828417	Tanner Library Keyword Search of philosophy Why Philosophy? Annual Fund Giving Annual Newsletters Marshall M. Weinberg (B.A., 1950) established three Departmental endowments over the course of a decade: the Endowment for the Frankena and Stevenson Prizes, in 1991; the Weinberg Endowment for Philosophy, in 1995; and the Weinberg Distinguished Visiting Professorship Endowment, in 1999. He subsequently established the Fund for Philosophy and the Cognitive Sciences, in 2006, and the Weinberg Professorship in Philosophy, in 2011. Brian Weatherson is the first occupant of the Professorship. Mr. Weinberg's studies convinced him that philosophy has much to contribute to clear thinking that benefits society. After graduating from Michigan, Mr. Weinberg spent a year in the graduate program at Harvard. At the time, the faculty there included Harry Wolfson (the Spinoza expert), Philip Frank (the philosopher of science), and C. I. Lewis (epistemology and value theory). Mr. Weinberg eventually chose to move on to the Columbia Graduate School of Business, and then to the New York investment firm Herzfeld & Stern where he spent his professional career. He shares some thoughts about philosophy and investment in a short film, Legacy of Benjamin Graham: The Original Adjunct Professor, produced by the Columbia Business School, honoring the seminal investment strategist who also taught at the school. In the film, some of Graham's former students, including Mr. Weinberg and Warren Buffett, testify to his legacy. Mr. Weinberg's philanthropy encompasses higher education, reproductive rights -- through the Center for Reproductive Rights and Law -- and issues in international justice. He has sponsored two recent conferences in the Middle East: "Utilizing Research to Promote Opportunities for Arab Children and Youth in Israel" (2003) and "Arab Women and Girls in Israel: Obstacles, Opportunities and Strategies for Change in Health, Education, and Employment" (2005). In 2010, Mr. Weinberg announced an extraordinary bequest to the Myers-JDC-Brookdale Institute. Those of us who worry that it is not possible to make a difference have much to learn from Marshall's work and example. At Michigan, Mr. Weinberg supports Judaic Studies and the Program for Population Studies, as well as Philosophy. He appreciates the importance of graduate education in the humanities and has enabled the Department to respond to a number of specific programmatic needs. Marshall M. Weinberg Endowment for the Frankena and Stevenson Prizes Marshall M. Weinberg Distinguished Visiting Professor Endowment Marshall M. Weinberg Endowment for Philosophy Marshall M. Weinberg Fund for Philosophy and the Cognitive Sciences 2215 Angell Hall philosophy.staff@umich.edu	cc/2019-30/en_head_0043.json.gz/line2390
__label__wiki	0.662872	0.662872	Buying the Trend or the Technology? 01 Dec Buying the Trend or the Technology? Posted at 15:34h in Maclendon Monthly by Lisa This month we’re following up from our May 2017 edition of the Maclendon Monthly with an update on Tesla, and providing a new perspective on the electric vehicle market. Although some of you may not realize it, the first electric car was introduced more than 100 years ago. The first known electric car was built in 1837 by chemist Robert Davidson of Aberdeen. In the late 1800s, as electric vehicles came onto the market, so did a new type of engine: the gasoline-powered internal combustion engine. As drilling for crude oil thrived, gasoline became affordable and readily available (whereas very few Americans outside of cities had electricity). Henry Ford’s mass-production of the internal combustion engine Model T, along with Charles Kettering’s introduction of the electric starter (which eliminated the need for a hand crank) made gasoline-powered cars widely available and affordable—and, around 1930, dealt the final blow to electric vehicles of that era. Development and advancement of electric vehicles remained relatively slow until the 1990 Clean Air Act Amendment and the 1992 Energy Policy Act were passed; passage of these Acts helped rejuvenate interest in electric vehicle production in the U.S. However, with a strong economy and cheap gas prices in the 1990s, consumers paid little attention to electric vehicles. Fast forward to today: electric vehicles have once again become widely expected to replace traditional internal combustion-powered vehicles. With battery technology improving range, fluctuating gasoline prices, and with environmentally consciousness consumers, it seems that electric vehicles have a second chance to disrupt their internal combustion counterparts. Leading the way has been the California electric car maker Tesla Motors. Traditional automakers have been less inclined to focus entirely on developing electric vehicles (EVs), but Tesla has proven the concept and gained first mover’s advantage in the electric vehicles industry. However, many analysts believe Tesla could fall victim to traditional automakers. They liken the current environment to Tesla paving the way for mass adoption like Blackberry did for the smartphone. Unfortunately, we know what happened to Blackberry’s market share: Apple capitalized on Blackberry’s vision; it observed the creation and mass adoption of the smartphone before it offered the public a more refined and superior option, and ultimately became the dominant force in the smartphone market. Of the EV market, traditional automakers are already taking notice. Ford pledged to invest $4.5 billion over five years on new all-electric and hybrid vehicles, with 13 new models slated for release by 2023. Daimler will invest $1 billion in a plant to produce all-electric SUVs and to build a battery facility, a part of its overall $10 billion in EV development plan. VW Group will invest $84 billion in EV development, with $60 billion dedicated to battery production. As growing demand and competition heats up for electric vehicles, the BlackBerry premonition could materialize. Tesla is currently experiencing production issues with its Model 3–it produced only 222 of its expected 1,500 Model 3 cars during the third quarter. Originally, Tesla projected a weekly run-rate of 5,000 Model 3 vehicles by the end of this year, but has since pushed that out to the first quarter of 2018. Tesla also is currently burning through cash at an alarming rate. According to Bloomberg, at its current cash burn rate, Tesla will be out of cash by next August. Tesla is spending more than $1 billion per quarter for just 3 car models. Compare that to GM—who is also spending $1 billion every quarter, but is expected to sell around 10 million vehicles—and you can begin to see why bears have been roaring over Tesla’s $53 billion market cap. In addition, we believe Tesla will have to raise additional capital, diluting shareholders to finance its solar, semi-truck, and roadster expansions. This would be exclusive of the $1.8 billion it recently raised in a debt offering. Other risks include experiencing a possible recession before EVs reach mass adoption; formidable competition from traditional automakers; diminishing access to capital markets to finance growth; and missing lofty projections. Other hurdles include possible tax law changes sunsetting the $7,500 federal tax credit to buyers, and the current unavailability of adequate charging/energy infrastructure that will be essential for mass-market adoption of electric vehicles. Fundamentally, Tesla trades at elevated levels when compared to traditional automakers and technology companies. The company has been valued through expectations, exemplifying Goodhart’s law, an adage named after economist Charles Goodhart, which has been expressed as “when a measure becomes a target, it ceases to be a good measure.” Despite this, Fidelity continues to be the largest institutional investor in Tesla, and portfolio manager Kyle Weaver believes Fidelity’s long-term approach on the company is playing out as expected. “The costs of making an internal combustion engine do not go down, while the cost of battery technology has gone down every year” and “The secular trends that will drive Tesla’s fundamentals are a decades-long trend.” Many bulls argue the purpose of Tesla is to develop and advance smart mass-market electric cars and the corresponding supportive infrastructure and battery technology, with turning a profit being ancillary. It is not a car company or just a tech company, but a hybrid energy company and, when evaluating the progression of its purpose, it seems to be succeeding. You must ask yourself, am I buying the trend or the technology? Owning the trend is distinctly different than owning the technology. We have seen this before with companies like Nokia where, although the phones are gone, the technology has stood the test of time and remains in use today. No matter what the outcome is to investors, automakers are following Tesla’s lead. Only time will tell what the future holds for Tesla and its technology, but one thing is certain: we all will benefit from today’s development of and investment in energy technology, perhaps allowing us to wean ourselves from fossil fuel consumption in the future.	cc/2019-30/en_head_0043.json.gz/line2393
__label__cc	0.550336	0.449664	Mark Brady – William Blair Head of M&A About Mark Brady William Blair & Company William Blair Wins Investment Bank of the Year Mergers and Acquisitions Magazine has named William Blair the 2017 Investment Bank of the year. William Blair has achieved significant growth, surpassing its previous year’s deal value by nearly 75 percent. The Chicago, Illinois based Investment Firm attributed its accomplishments to the last five years of investments into the firm’s growth. William Blair has grown by more than 60 percent throughout the last 5 years adding several new locations. Mark Brady, investment banker and William Blair’s Global Head of M&A said, “We have been in investment mode for quite some time. We have grown our talent pool, and presence around the world. Our efforts put us on a growth trajectory that took us to the position we hit in 2017. We also care deeply about our relationships. More than 60 percent of William Blair’s transactions in 2017 involved repeat clients. We are a trusted advisor to clients across market cycles, and we have a track record of delivering optimal outcomes.” Additionally, Brady attributed a significant amount of William Blair’s success to the firm’s commitment to both their employees and their communities. “We’ve become so much more involved in our communities and that’s where it all starts, by cultivating lasting and meaningful relationships.” William Blair completed 22 percent more M&A advisory transactions in 2017 than they did in the previous year, representing $52.1 billion in total deal value. 2017 marked William Blair’s highest total of M&A transactions ever – up nearly 75 percent from $29.8 billion in 2016. Throughout William Blair’s last five years spent investing, the firm has devoted significant resources to grow its number of bankers, expanding its debt financing capabilities, hosting various conferences and most notably opening its new North American headquarters in Chicago. By markgbrady 2 Comments William Blair’s Global Headquarters Relocated Indy 500 Leaves its Mark on Mercy Home William Blair’s John Cultra and Tom Wilson Receive More Accolades \| Mark Brady - Investment Banker Mark Brady on How to Make Deals Close \| Mark Brady - Investment Banker As the Global Head of M&A at Chicago-based investment bank and asset management firm William Blair and Company, Mark Brady has completed over 150 acquisitions and financing transactions around the globe. Brady has over 25 years experience in the industry, joining William Blair in 1991 and becoming partner five years after. Recent deals include the sale of Molex Inc. to Koch Industries for $7.2 billion, the $3 billion spinoff of Collier’s from FirstService, and the $1.1 billion sale of Datatec’s North American and Latin American operations to SYNNEX Corporation. Read Mark’s full bio here.	cc/2019-30/en_head_0043.json.gz/line2395
__label__cc	0.646238	0.353762	What is redlining? Definition and meaning Redlining is the practice of turning down loan or insurance applications to applicants who live in an area considered to be a poor financial risk. Loan or insurance applicants are ‘redlined’ because they live in a particular neighborhood – originally drawn with a red line on a map – that financial institutions consider either troubled or poor. In many cases, the areas are excluded because of race or ethnicity. The applicant is not evaluated or judged by his or her creditworthiness, but by other criteria. The term ‘redlining’ is predominantly an American one. Most people in the UK, Ireland, Australia and New Zealand, including bankers and financial experts, are unlikely to be familiar with the word. The term ‘redlining’ was coined in the 1960s by John McKnight, an American sociologist and community activist. In Atlanta in the 1980s, of the homes that were sold, banks and savings & loans arranged four times as many mortgages in white areas as in black areas. In middle-income white areas, they represented 35% of all home loans, and just 9% in middle-income black areas. Even low-income white areas received more of their loans from banks than upper–middle-income black areas. (Source: ‘The Power of Color’, Bill Dedman) Although redlining is mostly used when referring to financial services, it has also been found in other services, such as supermarket deliveries and health care. As far as supermarkets are concerned, the term may simply be a line beyond which it is too far away for deliveries. According to SAGE Knowledge: “Redlining is the name given to various practices involving the denial of services such as banking and insurance, or even housing, to residents of specific neighborhoods or urban areas on the basis of race, income, status, or class. Redlining can extend to other resources, such as the location of parks, community centers, workplaces, or supermarkets.” “The practice makes it extremely difficult or even impossible for residents of poor inner-city neighborhoods to borrow money, be approved for a mortgage, purchase insurance, or gain access to financial services.” Redlining is unethical Redlining is seen as an unethical practice because the individual may have a good credit record, income and overall qualifications to be approved for a loan. In America, ever since the Community Reinvestment Act of 1977, redlining has been illegal. However, critics say it still exists across much of the country. A protest against racial discrimination in Seattle, May, 1964. There were protests against redlining across the country. African-Americans, especially those with good credit ratings, said the system was deliberately rigged against them. (Image: seattle.gov/cityarchives) In most of the advanced economies and many emerging ones, redlining is illegal where the bank uses race or ethnicity as a basis for excluding a neighborhood from access to financial services. However, redlining is not outlawed when areas or neighborhoods are excluded for scientific reasons – perhaps the area is in a flood zone, or there is a geological fault line (crack in the Earth’s crust) going through the middle of it. Redlining in America In its heyday, redlining mainly excluded black inner-city neighborhoods. In the 1980s, Bill Dedman, an investigative journalist, was awarded the Pulitzer Prize for a series of articles – The Color of Money – that showed that financial institutions would frequently lend to lower-income white applicants but not to middle- or upper-income African Americans. In Part I, which appeared in the Atlanta Journal in May 1988, Dedman wrote: “Whites receive five times as many home loans from Atlanta’s banks and savings and loans as blacks of the same income – and that gap has been widening each year, an Atlanta Jounal-Constitution study of $6.2 billion in lending shows.” “Race- not home value or household income – consistently determines he lending patterns of metro Atlanta’s largest financial institutions, according to the study, which examined six years of lender reports tot he federal government.” While redlining in order to exclude people for racial or ethnicity reasons is illegal, it is allowed for scientific reasons. People who live in an area with a high risk of earthquakes, hurricanes or floods, for example, will be charged higher insurance premiums. In addition to raising awareness of redlining of minority areas in America, Dedman’s articles triggered Congress to expand disclosure of data allowing analysis of racial patterns in data related to mortgages. According to an article by Brentin Mock in CityLab, part of the Atlantic newspaper, on September 24th, 2015, Hudson City Savings Bank reached a $33 million settlement with the US Justice Department after an investigation discovered that it had been avoiding doing mortgage business with Latinos and African American between 2009 and 2013. According to the Justice Department, it was “the largest residential mortgage redlining settlement” in its history. In an interview with Emily Badger from The Washington Post, US Attorney Paul Fishman said : “If you lived in a majority-black or Hispanic neighborhood and you wanted to apply for a mortgage, Hudson City Savings Bank was not the place to go.” Video – Redlining This video is part of a documentary that shows how African-American soldiers returning from fighting in WWII had to face the discriminatory practice of redlining in their own country.	cc/2019-30/en_head_0043.json.gz/line2396
__label__cc	0.702064	0.297936	The Quadratic Formula Must Die! (or, Long Live the Quadratic Formula!) Ben Orlin Math May 20, 2013 February 21, 2014 4 Minutes Algebra students are often compelled to memorize the following jumble of symbols: Every adult I meet seems to remember this equation. Some quote it proudly. Others recall it grudgingly, fists clenched. Some people sing it (to the tune of “Pop Goes the Weasel,” though the rhythm’s a little forced). Many believe it captures the essence of mathematics: mystical formulas, taught to everyone, comprehensible to few. I’m ambivalent. I can’t deny the quadratic formula’s usefulness, but I can’t let its tyranny go unchallenged, either. This formula has planted itself, like a virus, in the minds of otherwise healthy adults. Our society demands that its members know this equation, but makes no mention of its context, its uses, its colorful history. I come not to praise the quadratic formula, nor to bury it, but merely to shed a few rays of light. What is it for? What is its story? And where on Earth does it come from? We begin with the polynomial – a special type of mathematical expression that looks something like this: Mathematicians love polynomials. Over the centuries, they’ve spent hours inspecting them, toying with them, bending them different ways to see how they change. They’ve also devised a classification system (based on the highest power of x that appears): •1st-degree (or “linear”) contain x1 •2nd-degree (or “quadratic”) contain x2 •3rd-degree (or “cubic”) contain x3 •4th-degree (or “quartic”) contain x4 •5th-degree (or “quintic”) contain x5 And so on (although the polynomials of degree 6 and higher don’t get cute nicknames). One of mathematicians’ favorite games with polynomials is trying to make them equal zero, by picking the right value of x. They call this “solving” a polynomial. It can be tricky. Most polynomials have lots of terms. To get the whole expression to equal zero, you’ve got to pick just the right value for x. Nevertheless, mathematicians have devised foolproof ways to solve such puzzles – at least, for the lower degrees. 1st-degree polynomials have only one solution. It’s so easy to find that most people, given a little training, can do it in their heads. 2nd-degree polynomials have two solutions. They can be found using the quadratic formula that you know and love (or don’t love). 3rd-degree polynomials have three solutions. Again, they can be found using a formula, though the cubic formula makes its quadratic cousin look quaint and simple by comparison. 4th-degree polynomials have (can you guess?) four solutions. The quartic formula, though, is prohibitively complicated: it would fill two chalkboards, and bore everyone in the audience to the point of salty, math-induced tears. Anyway, that’s what the quadratic formula is for: solving 2nd-degree polynomials. We memorize it because it occupies a pleasant middle ground between the simple 1st-degree case (which is too easy to bother memorizing) and the dizzying 3rd– and 4th-degree scenarios, whose daunting formulas would exhaust and perplex even the most patient souls. The quadratic formula is hard enough to demand effort, but simple enough to master. Besides, while 2nd-degree polynomials may not appear on your tax forms or credit card bills, they pop up all the time in math, physics, economics, and other sciences – often enough, at least, to make the formula worth committing to memory. You may notice that I mentioned quadratic, cubic, and quartic formulas, but not a quintic formula. Is it even more complicated? Not exactly. 5th-degree polynomials do have 5 solutions, as you’d expect. But there’s no similar formula for finding them, and there never can be. Quintic polynomials present an unwinnable game, a puzzle whose answer is somewhere out there, but which our old methods can never quite pinpoint. The discovery of this fact – that quintic polynomials cannot be solved by any algebraic formula – is one of the great tales of mathematical history. It stars an irresistible protagonist: a boy genius, drawn into French revolutionary politics, spurned by his one true love, and slain in a duel before he reached the age of 21. His name was Évariste Galois. Evariste was no head-in-the-clouds intellectual. As a teen, he joined a group of radicals, defied the monarchy, even served time in prison. Along the way, he fell for a woman named Stéphanie-Félicie – a French heartbreaker’s name if I’ve ever heard one – but found his affections unrequited. Even so, one day he found himself challenging a rival to a duel in order to defend the lady’s good name. Legend has it that the night before his fatal duel, Galois glimpsed his own mortality. He feared departing our world without sharing his mathematical discoveries. So he worked until dawn, his quill scribbling furiously, committing to parchment all his ideas and breakthroughs. The next morning, a bullet pierced his belly. His last words, to his brother: “Don’t cry, Alfred! I need all my courage to die at twenty.” Those notes – the ones he scrawled out by the early-morning lamplight – live on. Among them was the answer to the riddle of the quintic polynomial. We call those notes Galois Theory, and teach them to mathematicians across the world. It’s beyond me why I memorized the quadratic formula as an 8th grader, but didn’t hear the tale of Galois until college. If you ask me, the latter might just enrich the mind more than the former. Don’t let anyone ever tell you that math isn’t romantic. Here, then, is why I wish death to the quadratic formula: Because mathematical truths are not handed down by decree from on high. The quadratic formula has become a sad emblem for how most people see math – formidable, alienating, and beyond the common man’s patience or intelligence. In the popular imagination, mathematics is at once tedious and bewildering, a tree that’s nearly impossible to climb and which bears no fruit even if you do. This quadratic formula – an inscrutable symbol of academic oppression; an ugly, pointless relic of years spent bored in math classrooms – this quadratic formula must die. And here, too, is why I wish long life to the quadratic formula: Because mathematical truths do come from somewhere. Mathematical truths emerge naturally, from the patterns of logic, from the laws of nature, and from mortal men and women who, amidst this tumultuous life of duels and revolutions and scorned love, carve out an evening or two to solve puzzles by candlelight. The quadratic formula is a part of history like any other, a piece of technology perfected a millennium ago in India, and which no one in the intervening centuries has managed to improve. Long live this quadratic formula – a fundamental truth; a product of labor and logic; a slice of the human experience. Published May 20, 2013 February 21, 2014 Previous Post A Ray of Light Next Post Following Recipes 29 thoughts on “The Quadratic Formula Must Die! (or, Long Live the Quadratic Formula!)” Hi Ben, I generally like your blog posts a lot and I enjoyed the discussion of Galois here, but I was surprised after reading the first half of this (which talks about shedding some light on the quadratic formula) that there isn’t a derivation of the quadratic formula in the second half. The derivation comes out of completing the square, which is a really great (and more intuitive) strategy for factoring quadratic polynomials in general. Plus you get to use the word “discriminant”, potentially. I demand a sequel! A fair point! My original draft actually did include the derivation, but it felt a little technical for the blog, and I think a lot of Alg. 1 teachers do show it to their students in class. But perhaps I’ll reconsider. Abram H. A. Thiessen says: I found the quadratic formula strange and annoying until I found the proof which satisfied me and allowed me to use it without relying on faith. I had a similar issue with trig functions which took 6 years before I understood them to the same level of satisfaction. Well enough that I could calculate sin(15 degrees) on a test to 3 sig figures by hand. (Because the test had loads of time and I didn’t feel like admitting that I had forgotten my calculator. (I used the first two terms of the Maclaren series). Sridhar Rameshhar says: I quibble with the wording “But there’s no formula for finding them, and there never can be. Quintic polynomials present an unwinnable game, a puzzle whose answer is somewhere out there, but which we can never quite pinpoint.”, for the reasons you might expect. There are formulas for the roots of quintic polynomials, and one can calculate the zeros to any level of precision you like. They just aren’t formulas solely in terms of addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, and radicals. [In the same sense, mind you, there’s no formula to solve 2^x = c or cos(x) = c for x in terms of c, either…] That’s a valid quibble. I’d maintain that calculating a value to arbitrary levels of precision doesn’t quite qualify as “pinpointing” it. But, as you say, we CAN pinpoint a quintic’s roots with a formula, if we allow ourselves some slightly less pedestrian operations. I’ll work on editing the language. I could perhaps more defensibly say that “winning the game” of quintic polynomials requires changing the game (i.e., expanding our range of possibilities beyond the arithmetic operations and radicals) – almost like a game of chess that you can only win by inventing new pieces. The game is the game, Ben. Playas change, game stay the same. The Wire + math mashup soon? Gotta confess: I haven’t watched the Wire yet. Which is pretty stupid, I realize. Pretty sure I could get deported for that. wwndtd says: Where do you stand on the “when will I ever use this in real life?” query? I mean, yeah, I do use Pythagoran (and lots of algebra and stuff), but I went into science. I mean, I use the quadratic formula all the time… but I teach high school math, so bad example. Strictly speaking, I suspect most of my students will never use most of the content I teach them after they finish schooling. (“Say you’re in the dairy aisle at a grocery store, and you find yourself taking the secant of an unknown angle whose sine is equal to its cosine and whose cotangent is positive…”) The valuable takeaways, I hope, are the cognitive skills – logic, reasoning, grit, drawing connections. Memorizing a formula might ease your way in the next class, but I bet it won’t be “useful” in the “real world” for >90% of them. Do you have good instances of quadratic formula being useful “on the job”? As a high school senior, most of the times I’ve used the quadratic formula have been in my physics classes (currently AP C Mech/E&M) and during the design process during build season on my robotics team. There was a point a summer or two ago, when I was helping out with some renovation work, where I ended up having to use it for something (more trig than quadratics though, but nevertheless). kunalgugale says: I had expected a link to the quintic formula, although it is not algebraic. 🙂 And yes, I have used the quadratic formula many a times in Robotics, Programming and Physics; though I agree that’s not the case with most others. Hmmm… good point. That will take a little digging. I can’t even remember if my Galois Theory class presented such a formula. In the meantime: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quintic_function#Beyond_radicals Robert Gulledge says: I wonder if Galois hadn’t stayed up all night working on the math, if he would have had faster reflexes, and better aim, and survived the duel? Taylor Buscher says: Always a possibility, though I’ve heard he was a terrible shot anyway and his opponent almost never missed. However, it’s a fixed point in time now, so we couldn’t go back and change it even if we wanted to. 😦 Certainly possible. I think the story as traditionally told is a little embellished. Ian Stewart has a good review of the actual history in his book on Galois Theory… as I recall, it was customary to miss on purpose, but his opponent didn’t… Five Triangles says: There are also interesting applications of the quadratic formula in high school mathematics to solve challenging quadratic functions problems that go beyond the usual finding the roots, the discriminant, the vertex, the axis of symmetry, etc. https://docs.google.com/file/d/0B6lw97EHbvfHM3hjVVhHYnBuQ1E/edit Ongr says: Doesnt seventh become septic? :p Exactly! Like a septic tank. Perhaps this is why we leave off at quintic… Douglas Gregory says: Thank you for this, Ben! I hadn’t really thought about what treating these “mathematical greatest hits” like they were just found on a stone tablet somewhere – without any of the human story of how they were developed – does to our concept of math. How many people have learned the proof that the square root of two is irrational, without hearing the story of how Hippasus was drowned for it? (Possibly apocryphal, but I think it’s a good enough story to be worth telling anyway) One of my earliest experiences with the thrill of math was when I managed to derive the quadratic formula myself, completing the square on a general quadratic. I felt like Prometheus stealing fire from the gods and delivering it to earth. XD This wasn’t something you had to wait on elders to hand to you – you could go out and figure this stuff out for yourself! As Katrina and Ben point out above, this derivation is taught in some classes. But I wonder if an even better approach would be to bring students just to the verge of the derivation, and encourage them to work it out on their own. I think this was my first time generalizing from step-by-step instructions to a universal formula, and it gave me a bit of a taste of what “real math” is like. I love that story about the Pythagoreans drowning the man who would dare to suggest that not all numbers are rational. It nicely dramatizes how weird and sometimes intractable the irrationals can be. I think you’re exactly right about the ideal way to teach the quadratic formula. First, you’d have kids complete the square until they gained comfort with that technique; then, perhaps recognize that the vertex of a quadratic is easy to identify; then, notice that the roots are symmetric about the vertex; then, derive the quadratic formula by completing the square, as you did. It’s a shame we tend to leap straight to formulas and applying them, rather than letting formulas arrive as the satisfying payoff of a journey. The main problem, I think, is compression for time. It’s so much FASTER to just supply the formula… I think The Art of the Infinite by Ellen & Robert Kaplan was my first exposure to math as an ongoing human search, rather than a collection of facts. Bary Mazur’s Imagining Numbers did a bit of the same for complex numbers specifically. And Godel, Escher, Bach for incompleteness. When I want to tell someone a weird math story with some human interest, those are usually my main sources. Would love to find more. 🙂 Ooh, I’ll have to check those out! Some other suggestions: Fermat’s Enigma, by Simon Singh The Man Who Only Loved Numbers, by Paul Hoffman The Drunkard’s Walk, Leonard Mlodinow Ian Stewart, David Berlinski, John Allen Paulos, and Steven Strogatz have all written multiple good books, too. Jørgen says: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niels_Henrik_Abel#Contributions_to_mathematics <- You seem to have missed this gentleman. 🙂 Abel! Yeah, point taken. He should’ve uttered cooler dying words if he wanted me to tell his story, too. Nevin says: The quadratic formula has a great visual derivation. Start with a square whose sides have length x. Next to it, put a rectangle of the same height x, and call its width B. Off to the side, make a blob of area C. The total area of all three shapes is x^2 + Bx + C. Split the B-by-x rectangle vertically, to make two rectangles of height x and width B/2. Attach one of them to the side of the square, and rotate the other and attach it to the top of the square. Now we almost have a bigger square, but we’re missing a little corner piece that is a B/2 by B/2 square. Okay, so “cut out” a B/2 by B/2 square from the C blob, and slide it over to literally complete the new large square. The large square has sides of length (x + B/2), and the blob-with-a-square-hole has area C – (B/2)^2. I’m sure you see where this is going. We want the total area to be zero, which means the area of the big square has to be (B/2)^2 – C. But the big square’s area is (x + B/2)^2. So we can just take square roots and get x + B/2 = ±√((B/2)² – C). Of course, we started from x² + Bx + C = 0, when the general form of a quadratic is ax² + bx + c. But we can get from one to the other easily enough, as B = b/a and C = c/a. And the quadratic formula follows. I promise it makes sense when you draw it. (And I really hope the non-ASCII characters like curly quotes, superscripts, and surds I used show up properly here…) mathematiciowned says: via Tristan Peñarroyo The quadratic formula is also useful numerically, unlike the cubic and quartic formulas. There are several good ways to get accurate approximations of square roots, and once you have a square root, you’re only an addition and a division away from getting the two roots. The cubic formula, with its two cube roots, each containing a square root (mercifully the same square root, at least), is laughably impractical, particularly since it can introduce nonreal numbers when you’re only interested in a real result. Newton’s approximation method is probably much more practical in the vast majority of cases for getting an accurate approximation of one or more roots of a cubic. On the other hand, with a quadratic, Newton’s method is probably not worth the trouble, since you have to figure out an inital guess, and why bother when virtually every computer setup has square root functions anyway? (Some basic environments may not have them built in, but you’ll probably want one if you’re doing serious computations on them anyway.) The quadratic formula is also useful for teaching. Specifically, students can use it to remember or derive the formula for the sum of the roots of a quadratic, or a nice way to find the x-coordinate of the vertex of a vertical parabola. Furthermore, it also clearly illustrates what the discriminant can tell you about the roots of a quadratic. The effort students must invest in memorizing the quadratic formula is actually an advantage, because in doing so, they memorize this other information that’s hidden inside it. The cubic and quartic formula do not confer comparable advantages that I’m aware of. So, the quadratic formula isn’t just easier to learn than the quartic and cubic formulas. It’s also much more useful, partly by the virtue of its comparative simplicity! Thanks for this – that’s a nice discussion of the advantages of the quadratic’s simplicity. Pingback: Math With Bad Drawings: An Interview with Ben Orlin - Gonit Sora Leave a Reply to Ben Orlin Cancel reply	cc/2019-30/en_head_0043.json.gz/line2397
__label__cc	0.617628	0.382372	2013 Daytime Emmy Nominations Announced, Set to Air on HLN The 40th Annual Daytime Emmys are just around the corner and the nominations are in. This year’s nominees were announced yesterday (May 1) and even though some of the veteran Soap Operas are off the air, the show must go on. In the Daytime Drama category, The Young and the Restless dominates the field […] Tags: Daytime Emmy Award, Emmy Award, General Hospital, HLN, Soap opera, Television, The Young And The Restless, Young Maura West Joins ABC’s ‘General Hospital’ Award-winning actress Maura West has landed a new role on ABC’s General Hospital. The former As The World Turns star has joined the cast in the newly created role of ‘Ava Jerome,’ according to Soap Opera Digest. “I’m thrilled! Happy actress!” West tweeted after the big news hit the web. West is currently on […] Tags: Daytime Emmy Award, Diane Jenkins, Emmy Award, General Hospital, Maura West, Soap Opera Digest, Twitter, World Turns Red Carpet Photos From The 38h Annual Daytime Emmy Awards The 38th Annual Daytime Emmy Awards aired on CBS last night with host Wayne Brady running the show. The awards were held at the Las Vegas Hilton on June 19, 2011 in Las Vegas, Nevada. The ceremony included tributes to Oprah Winfrey, Alex Trebek, Pat Sayjack, Susan Lucci and even Elvis Presley. The Jabawockees […] Tags: Alex Trebek, awards, cbs, Daytime Emmy Award, Emmy Award, Las Vegas Nevada, oprah winfrey, Wayne Brady	cc/2019-30/en_head_0043.json.gz/line2398
__label__wiki	0.55678	0.55678	Partnership National Parks Nationally significant large landscapes can be preserved and made accessible to the public through a variety of partnership park models. These collaborative approaches to resource management often encompass natural and cultural resources close to large population centers including places where people live and work. The National Park Service’s partnership parks take a landscape approach by establishing a boundary based more on the definition of the resource than on the government’s ability to acquire the land in question. Partnership parks also harness the power of local land use authorities to preserve resources; incorporate other agencies’ parks and lands preserved by easements; and engage the local community and other interest groups. Other related National Park Service and Federal partnership models include National Heritage Areas, National Historic and Scenic Trails, and Wild and Scenic Rivers. Boston Harbor Islands National Recreation Area Designated part of the national park system in 1996, this national recreation area of 34 islands and peninsulas in the Boston Harbor is owned and managed by a mixture of federal, state, for profit and non-profit organizations. The mission of the park is to offer recreation and restful solitude that is integrated into the larger region. The islands preserve important archeological, cultural, and natural resources, including three national historic landmarks. The management structure is built on a collaborative agreement of various owners and managers known as the Boston Harbor Island Partners. There is also a Boston Harbor Islands Citizen’s Advisory Committee to comment on the development and implementation of the park’s comprehensive management plan. Established in 1961, Cape Cod National Seashore is a 40-mile strip of Atlantic beaches, dunes, and wetlands, which includes parts of six cape communities and hundreds of owner-occupied buildings. The park boundary of 44,000 acres is a mix of federal, state, municipal and private landowners. The Seashore’s enabling legislation contains a number of innovations to mesh the new park presence with the existing communities. Under what became known as the “Cape Cod formula,” condemnation of private improved property would not be permitted if the local governments adopted zoning ordinances that were consistent with the park’s purpose. This had the effect of preserving the living landscape of fishing villages and summer cottages. Another innovation in the Cape Cod legislation was the establishment of a park advisory commission representing the six units of local government, the county, the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, and a representative of the Secretary of the Interior. This gave the local community an ongoing forum to address management concerns. Lowell National Historical Park The 1978 designation included both a park unit, Lowell National Historical Park now about 140 acres, and a larger 583-acre historic district. The park preserves historic and cultural resources from the 19th century American Industrial Revolution. It was created to be a catalyst in revitalizing the city’s physical, economic and cultural environment. Originally, a commission, which included representatives of local government, state government, and federal agencies had management responsibilities. The commission had authority to undertake direct development projects, offer grant and loan assistance, and review other development projects in the historic district. The legislation also set an annual funding limit for the commission based on the aggregate of state, local, and private dollars expended for related purposes in the prior year. Pinelands National Reserve The 1978 federal legislation for the Pinelands National Reserve included over a million acres in seven southern New Jersey counties an area of over 700,000 residents. Land ownership is almost equally divided between public and private owners. The reserve is managed under the authority of the state Pineland Protection Act that also established a commission consisting of representatives of local government, agriculture, and conservation interests, as well as a designee of the Secretary of the Interior. The commission is responsible for implementing the comprehensive management plan for the region. This includes assessing the environmental, cultural, and recreational resources of the region and preparing a strategy that includes regulatory, educational, and economic tools. State and federal grant funding is available for planning, implementation and for selective land acquisition. The Pinelands have also been classified as a United States Biosphere reserve. Santa Monica Mountains National Recreation Area Established in 1978, the federally designated boundary for the Santa Monica Mountains National recreation Area consist of almost 200,000 acres of mountain peaks, valleys, and Pacific coast- line adjacent to the heavily urbanized Los Angeles Basin. The park’s Mediterranean environment provides ecosystem benefits to the region and specifically recognizes public health as a value. The area includes a mix of both public and private lands including national and state park land which is be planned and controlled in a way that would optimize preservation, not of a series of recreational sites and projects, but of the whole landscape. As in any large and complex populated region, there are many stakeholder groups. The Santa Monica Mountains Advisory Commission was established as a forum for state, county, and local government partners. Jean Lafitte National Historical Park and Preserve This park unit was created to preserve the natural and cultural resources in Louisiana’s Mississippi Delta with a strong emphasis on the people and traditional culture of the region. The park includes the 23,000-acre Barataria Marsh, the Chalmette National Historical Park, a visitor’s center in New Orleans and now three other cultural sites in communities in the delta region managed under cooperative agreements. These sites are the Acadian Cultural Centers in Eunice, in Lafayette, and Thibodaux. The Barataria Marsh Guidelines to preserve environmental values were to be enacted by local governments who could cede their enforcement authority to the secretary of the interior. If they failed to act, the land could be acquired to protect those values. In deference to local culture, the legislation permitted hunting, fishing, and trapping in the Barataria Marsh. An advisory commission was established, representing state and local government, representatives of commercial fishing interests, conservation groups, and a representative from the National Endowment for the Arts.	cc/2019-30/en_head_0043.json.gz/line2399
__label__wiki	0.834772	0.834772	{ April 30, 2010 @ 8:58 pm } · { History of Muzaffarabad } Muzaffarabad is the capital of Azad Kashmir (AJK). It is located in Muzaffarabad District on the banks of the Jhelum and Neelum rivers, is very hilly. The district is bounded by North-West Frontier Province in the west, by the Kupwara and Baramulla districts of the Indian state of Jammu and Kashmir in the east, and the Neelum District Azad Kashmir in the north. The population of the district, according to the 1998 Census, was 725,000, and according to a 1999 projection, the population had risen to almost 741,000. The district comprises three tehsils, and the city of Muzaffarabad serves as the capital of Azad Jammu and Kashmir. Muzaffarabad is situated at the confluence of the Jhelum and Neelum rivers. The city is 138 kilometres from Rawalpindi and Islamabad and about 76 kilometres from Abbottabad. Cradled by lofty mountains, Muzaffarabad reflects a blend of various cultures and languages. The main language is a form of Hindko. The Neelum river plays a dominant role in the microclimate of Muzaffarabad. The original name of Muzaffarabad was Udabhanda Udabhanda was the capital of the Shahi dynasty . The Shahi also called Shahiya, dynasties ruled portions of the Kabul Valley (in eastern Afghanistan) and the old province of Gandhara (northern Pakistan and Kashmir) from the decline of the Kushan Empire in third century to the early ninth century The kingdom was known as Kabul-shahan or Ratbel-shahan from (565 – 670 CE) when they had their capitals in Kapisa and Kabul, and later Udabhandapura (also known as Hund) for its new capital. The term Shahi is the title of the rulers, likely related to the Kushan form Shaoor Persian form Shah and refers to a series of 60 rulers probably descended from the Kushans or Turks (Turshkas). They are split into two eras the Buddhist Turk-Shahis and the later Hindu-Shahis with the change-over occurring sometime around 870. The name “Muzaffarabad” (meaning Muzaffar’s Town) comes from the name of Sultan Muzaffar Khan, a former ruler of the Bomba Dynasty. After the 1948-49 war, Muzaffarabad was made the capital of the Azad Jammu and Kashmir. On October 8, 2005, the city was struck by an earthquake measuring a magnitude of 7.6 on the Richter Scale. 2005 Kashmir Earthquake Muzaffarabad was the epicentre of the 2005 Kashmir earthquake, which occurred on October 8, 2005 and had a magnitude of 7.6. The earthquake destroyed 50% of the buildings in the city (including most of the official buildings) and is estimated to have killed up to 80,000 people in the Pakistani-controlled areas of Kashmir, alone. The Kashmir earthquake (also known as the Northern Pakistan earthquake or South Asia earthquake) of 2005 was a major seismological disturbance (earthquake) that occurred at 08:50:38 Pakistan Standard Time (03:50:38 UTC, 09:20:38 India Standard Time, 08:50:38 local time at epicenter) on October 8, 2005 with the epicenter in the Pakistani-controlled areas of the disputed territory of Kashmir in South Asia. It registered 7.6 on the moment magnitude scale making it a major earthquake similar in intensity to the 1935 Quetta earthquake, the 2001 Gujarat Earthquake, and the 1906 San Francisco earthquake. As of 8 November, the Pakistani government’s official death toll was 87,350. Some estimates put the death toll over 100,000. Muzaffarabad Fort There are two historical forts on opposite sides of the Neelum River. ” Red Fort ” Black Fort The construction of the Red Fort was finally completed in 1646 by Sultan Muzaffar Khan, the founder of Muzaffarabad city. After the Mughals took over Kashmir, the fort lost its importance. The Mughals were more interested in Kabul, Bukhara, and Badakshan. During the period of Durrani rule, however, the fort again once again assumed its importance. Maharaja Gulab Singh and Rambir Singh, the Dogra rulers, reconstructed and extended the fort for their political and military operations. Towards the middle of 1947, the Dogra forces left, leaving the fort abandoned. The architecture of the fort shows that great experts in design and structure participated in its construction. It is surrounded on three sides by theNeelum River formally known as the Kishenganga River. The northern part of the fort had terraces with steps leading to the bank of the river. The eastern side was very well protected from the hazards of flood waters, but some parts on the north side have suffered damage. There used to be an inn at the entrance to the fort, but only traces of that structure remain now. ” Azad Jammu and Kashmir Assembly ” Azad Jammu and Kashmir Supreme Court ” Masque Assembly Secretariat ” Kh. Khurshid Tomb ” Chehla Bridge ” Subri (Langarpura) Lake ” Pirchinassi ” Neelum Valley o Athmuqam o Neelum o Sharda o Kel ” Jhelum Valley ” Leepa Valley	cc/2019-30/en_head_0043.json.gz/line2403
__label__cc	0.504966	0.495034	Is There Room for Pro-Life Feminists at the Women’s March on Washington? January 19, 2017 Millennial Emma Green reports: Pro-life women are headed to D.C. Yes, they’ll turn out for the annual March for Life, which is coming up on January 27. But one week earlier, as many as a few hundred pro-lifers are planning to attend the Women’s March on Washington, which has been billed as feminist counterprogramming to the inauguration…. Many pro-life women felt just as outraged as pro-choice women about Donald Trump’s conduct and comments, including the revelation that he once bragged about groping women without their permission. For their part, the organizers say pro-lifers will be welcome to march on January 21st. A pro-life group based in Texas, New Wave Feminists, was granted partnership status on Friday. “Intersectional feminism is the future of feminism and of this movement,” said Bob Bland, one of the event’s co-chairs. “We must not just talk about feminism as one issue, like access to reproductive care.” On Monday afternoon, after the publication of this article, the Women’s March organizers removed the New Wave Feminists from their website and list of partners. “The Women’s March’s platform is pro-choice and that has been our stance from day one,” the organizers said in a statement. “The anti-choice organization in question is not a partner of the Women’s March on Washington. We apologize for this error.” Some pro-life feminists and progressives are going anyway. Aimee Murphy of Life Matters Journal, who we have interviewed here at Millennial, writes: Note to the women’s movement: It is possible to be both pro-life and a feminist. In fact, it is possible to be pro-life and a feminist and opposed to President-elect Donald Trump. It’s too bad the organizers of the Women’s March on Washington refuse to accept this fact. This week march organizers indicated that women like me are not welcome in their ranks…. Like most feminists, we pro-life feminists at Life Matters Journal were troubled by Trump’s election. His hateful rhetoric, xenophobic policies and misogynistic behavior indicate a terrifying disregard for the inherent dignity of human beings — women especially. Our foundational philosophy is the intrinsic value of humanity, regardless of gender, circumstance, age, ability, sexuality, race, religion. We wanted to make clear that Trump doesn’t speak for us: He is not and should not be the face of the pro-life movement…. But we will go. We will march. Planned Parenthood does not own women’s rights. The first-wave feminists understood that abortion is killing and that it is a tool of the patriarchy. We stand by the example of Susan B. Anthony, Elizabeth Cady Stanton, Alice Paul and many others who upheld the dignity of pre-born children and fought discrimination against women. We will fight against the modern popular feminist paradigm that says that to support women’s rights, we must support the violent act that is abortion. We will fight against the culture that understands pregnancy as a disease condition and sees children not for their inherent dignity, but for how wanted and able they are. We will stand up against misogyny, rape culture, sexual assault, sexism, racism, ageism, ableism and all discrimination. And yes, because of that, we will stand up against abortion. Another Washington Post op-ed also highlights the disconnect between the march’s organizers and first-wave feminists: Those of us at the Susan B Anthony Birthplace Museum in Adams, Mass., are saddened that the museum honoring this American iconic heroine and tireless worker for women’s rights will not be among the organizations marching in Washington, D.C., on Saturday. Some would, perhaps, think that Anthony family descendants and board members of the great suffragist birthplace would be leading the Women’s March, especially as the centennial marking the Susan B. Anthony Amendment for women’s suffrage has begun in some states. But they would be wrong: Anthony would never have joined a march in favor of abortion access. The unifying theme of Susan Brownell Anthony’s life was to speak up for those without a voice. Anthony fought for temperance, the abolition of slavery and especially the enfranchisement of women. She also spoke up for the voiceless child in utero, opposing Restellism, the term that Anthony’s newspaper and others at that time used for abortion. It’s easy to chalk up Anthony’s (and other early feminists’) opposition to abortion as a relic of their day and age. But these women were progressive and independent; they did not oppose abortion because they were conditioned to, but because they believed every human life has inherent and equal value, no matter their age, skin color or sex…. Many women and women’s groups who will march next week have good reason to do so, and they should be respected. However, we ask that abortion rights not be misappropriated to Anthony and the critical work of the suffrage movement. Anthony and many of her fellow suffragists were anti-abortion feminists, the contemporary existence of which even Hillary Clinton has acknowledged. If the Women’s March truly wants to honor the suffragist legacy, they will acknowledge their existence, too. You can read more about pro-life feminism here and watch America Media’s video on millennial pro-life women, which includes pro-life feminists, here. This entry was posted in Blog and tagged Feminism, Pro-life, Whole Life, Women's Rights and Equality. Bookmark the permalink.	cc/2019-30/en_head_0043.json.gz/line2404
__label__wiki	0.629717	0.629717	" /> The Washington Auto Show opens today - Men's Life DC - Lifestyle advice for men in Washington, DC The Washington Auto Show opens today Around Town, Around Town Featured, Arts & Culture April 5, 2019 by Troy Petenbrink Corvette Stingray Canvas On Wheels. (Photo courtesy of the Washington Auto Show) The Washington Auto Show is the largest indoor event in the National Capital Region each year, and this year’s show is no different. In fact, the 2019 Auto Show, starting today and runnifeaturing: more than 600 new vehicles on display from nearly three-dozen automakers. Visitors to the show will get to experience not only hundreds of new car and truck models, but four indoor experiential ride-and-drives, including the return of the 100,000 square-foot Jaguar Land Rover Test Drive Experience, and a first-of-its-kind Electric Drive Pavilion, plus on-street test-drives. Special features during the show include ART-of-Motion, a visual art and fashion exhibit featuring live paintings of cars; dozens of high-end luxury and exotic vehicles; the largest WHUT/PBS Family Fun Zone ever; and Hyundai Hands-On: Hands on Hope, a new twist on a fan favorite, where six employees of Children’s National/Georgetown Lombardi hospitals will compete to win a new Hyundai for themselves, and a $50,000 donation to their hospital. Many of D.C.’s most popular sports stars including Capitals’ Broadcaster Craig Laughlin, Redskins four-time Pro Bowl honoree Ryan Kerrigan, D.C. United superstar Wayne Rooney, Washington Nationals All-Star Sean Doolittle, and Mystics All-Star and Wizards Assistant Coach Kristi Toliver will also be making scheduled appearances and signing autographs. For more information and to purchase tickets visit www.washingtonautoshow.com. Troy Petenbrink Troy, also known as The Gay Traveler, is a well known travel and food writer. His has been a regular contributor to a variety of outlets including National Geographic, Travel Channel, DCRefined, CBS Local, and Metro Weekly. He also appears on local Washington news outlets as a travel expert.	cc/2019-30/en_head_0043.json.gz/line2407
__label__cc	0.697957	0.302043	Published on 29.07.16 in Vol 4, No 3 (2016): Jul-Sept Preprints (earlier versions) of this paper are available at http://preprints.jmir.org/preprint/5700, first published Mar 01, 2016. Tweetations (2) Overcoming Barriers: Adolescents’ Experiences Using a Mobile Phone Dietary Assessment App Åsa Svensson1, PhD ; Maria Magnusson2,3, PhD ; Christel Larsson4, PhD 1Department of Food and Nutrition, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden 2Angered Hospital, Västra Götaland Region, Sweden 3Section for Epidemiology and Social Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden 4Department of Food and Nutrition, and Sport Science, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden Christel Larsson, PhD Department of Food and Nutrition, and Sport Science Gothenburg, 40530 Phone: 46 70 911 65 19 Fax:46 70 911 65 19 Background: The use of new technology has the potential to increase participation rates in dietary studies and improve the validity of collected dietary data. However, to evaluate the usability of developed dietary methods, qualitative studies of participants’ experiences and perceptions are needed. Objective: To explore adolescents’ experiences using a newly developed mobile phone dietary assessment app, with a focus on factors that could affect their recording of dietary intake. Methods: Focus group interviews were conducted with 75 participants who had used a newly developed mobile phone dietary assessment app in a quantitative evaluation study. The interviews were analyzed using qualitative content analysis and the theoretical framework of Self Determination Theory was applied. Results: The adolescents’ use of the mobile phone dietary assessment app was characterized by their struggle to overcome several perceived barriers. Facilitators that helped adolescents complete the method were also identified. Motivation was found to be an important facilitator, and intrinsically motivated participants completed the method because they found it fun to use. The autonomous extrinsically motivated participants completed the method for the greater good, in order to contribute to the study. The controlled extrinsically motivated participants completed the method to get a reward or avoid punishment. Amotivated participants did not complete the method. More motivated participants were assumed to be more able to overcome barriers and needed less facilitators. Conclusions: Future studies that examine the recording of food intake should include systematic efforts that aim to minimize identified barriers and promote identified facilitators. Further research should specifically aim at studying methods for (and effects of) increasing intrinsic motivation by supporting autonomy, competence, and relatedness among adolescents asked to participate in dietary studies. adolescents; content analysis; dietary assessment; Self Determination Theory; Studies that examine the associations between diet and health outcomes require methods of dietary assessment that correctly assess food intake during the time period of interest [1]. Furthermore, there is a need for improved dietary assessment methods that are accepted by study participants. The food record (FR) is a commonly used method to assess individual dietary intake for one or several days, which has the advantage of not being dependent on the respondent’s memory [2]. However, the burden of recording all consumed foods can lead to altered dietary intake, and some foods may be omitted from the FR. Consequently, the assessed dietary intake will be either unrepresentative or underestimated, representing a widespread problem when using FR and other dietary assessment methods [3]. The assessment of dietary intake is challenging in all age groups and especially among adolescents [4]. Studies have suggested that adolescents are less accurate reporters of their dietary intake compared to young children and adults due to less structured eating habits, a relatively large proportion of meals consumed outside of the home, or lack of motivation to participate in dietary studies [4,5]. It is therefore important to improve dietary assessment methods in this age group. Children’s and adolescents’ views of keeping an FR have been investigated using qualitative methodology, and it was found that those aged 12 years and older were reluctant to keep FRs [6]. One reason for this was that adolescents did not want to carry a paper FR and portion size booklet while they were with their peers. Respondents also expressed that they would consider changing their dietary intake to avoid recording, suggesting a need to make the process of keeping an FR less burdensome. One study found that adolescents preferred using technology-based FRs (ie, camera or personal digital assistant) versus a traditional pencil and paper FR [5]. The widespread use of smartphone technology has led to new possibilities in dietary assessment. In Sweden, 89% of adolescents aged 13-16 years own an advanced-feature mobile phone [7]. Using a mobile phone to keep an FR is one way to adapt the dietary assessment method to adolescents’ lifestyles, and to circumvent the need to bring a traditional pencil and paper FR to school and friends’ homes. No evaluated mobile phone FR method was available in Sweden to make it more convenient for adolescents to record dietary intake, so we developed a mobile app in a previous study [8]. To evaluate the feasibility of the newly developed method, there was interest in exploring not only quantitative parameters indicating its validity, but also the users’ experiences and views of using the Swedish mobile phone dietary assessment app. The aim of the present study was to explore adolescents’ experiences using a newly developed mobile phone dietary assessment app, with a focus on factors that could affect their recording of dietary intake. Participants and Setting This study includes adolescents who participated in an evaluation study of a newly developed mobile phone dietary assessment app during 2013. Participants were recruited by visits to schools in the city of Göteborg and neighboring municipalities in Västra Götaland, Sweden. The evaluation study has been described in a previous paper [8]. A total of 389 adolescents in 28 school-classes were given information about the study during a first visit in class; 148 of whom chose to participate in the quantitative part of the evaluation study (47 during spring term and 101 during autumn term). In the qualitative part of the study, twelve group interviews (three during the spring term and nine during the autumn term) were performed. Teachers made it possible to assign class time for interviewing 92 of the 148 adolescents, and at the time of the interview 17 students were not in school. Thus, group interviews were conducted with a total of 75 participants. This study was approved by the Regional Ethical Review Board in Umeå, Sweden. The adolescents were informed about the aim of the study, and were told that participation was voluntary and all collected data would be treated with confidentiality. All participants gave written informed consent, and for adolescents younger than 15 years of age, a parent additionally gave written informed consent. Pilot Test of Procedures and Methods A pilot test was conducted in November 2012 to test all methods included in the evaluation study, and to practice the study procedures. The pilot test took place in a school on Orust, an island located one hour from Göteborg, with five girls and one boy from one school-class. A group interview was conducted to explore possible improvements that could be made in the procedure of data collection and the mobile phone dietary assessment app itself, as well as to practice the interview procedure. The pilot test did not lead to any fundamental changes to the app, but revealed some technical problems that needed to be solved. Procedures and Methods in the Quantitative Part of the Evaluation Study The mobile phone dietary assessment app has been described in detail [8], and the procedure of recording dietary intake in the app is illustrated in Figure 1. In summary, the first step was to enter the date and time of the meal (with the current date and time as default) and type of meal (breakfast, lunch, dinner, or snack). Thereafter, the user searched for the consumed food/drink/dish in a food database by using free text search, and choosing from a food group category or type of dish. The app uses the Swedish national food database, which includes over 1900 foods, drinks, and dishes. The amount consumed was thereafter entered by choosing from portion sizes (eg, in gram, deciliter, table spoon, tea spoon, or piece) that were given as alternatives for each food/drink/dish. For several items there were also pictures of foods of known weight and increasing portion size to aid the estimation of consumed amounts. After all foods in a meal had been entered, the meal was saved and automatically sent to a central server for storage and calculation of energy and nutrient contents. The saved meals could be accessed in the app through an archive of registered days, in which entered foods and amounts could be changed if necessary. In addition to recording dietary intake, the user was asked to answer eight questions in the app every evening. The questions pertained to the use of dietary supplements, the approximate percentage of the dietary intake that was recorded, the physical activity level during the day (out of five predefined levels), the level of dietary intake and physical activity (higher or lower than normal), whether the user had tried to gain or lose weight during the day, and if the user had felt stressed or anxious. Users had access to feedback about the dietary intake (energy, fruits and vegetables, macronutrients, and five micronutrients) in relation to recommended daily intakes [9], as well as total energy expenditure calculated from the reported daily activity level, basal metabolic rate [10], and body mass index. The study participants were encouraged to eat as usual and not change their intakes based on the feedback. Additional functions in the mobile phone dietary assessment app were to receive reminders (status bar notifications) to register with a chosen time interval, and to save a meal as a template to be loaded the next time the same meal was consumed. The app was connected to the mobile phone camera and the user could take a picture of their meal as a memory aid if the consumed foods could not be entered until later. Participants in the quantitative part of the study were asked to record all foods and drinks consumed for three consecutive days using the mobile phone dietary assessment app. Respondents were also asked to answer the in-app questions in the evenings, during the same days as recording their dietary intake. Those who did not have an Android mobile phone (72/81; 89% of the participants who completed the quantitative part of the study) borrowed a phone with data traffic subscription and a charger, and were given an instruction manual on how to use the mobile phone. Those who had their own Android mobile phone were given instructions, and help to download and install the app on their own phones. Additional measurements in the evaluation study included the SenseWear Armband (BodyMedia, Inc.; Pittsburgh, PA, USA) for registration of total energy expenditure during the same days as recording dietary intake, anthropometric measurement of weight and height, and a questionnaire aiming to measure factors that could possibly influence the accuracy of reported dietary intake. Participants in the spring term also recorded dietary intake using a web-based FR. However, due to high perceived participant burden, participants in the autumn term were not asked to complete the additional three days of dietary recording using the web-based FR. During the first part of the autumn term, participation was still low and it was decided that a cinema ticket would be used as an incentive that was given to the participants who completed all methods. Figure 1. The steps involved in registering dietary intake in a newly developed Swedish mobile phone app. The three steps are repeated until all foods and drinks in a meal have been entered, and the meal is thereafter saved and automatically sent to a server for storage and calculation of energy and nutrient contents. Focus Group Interviews and Data Collection A second in-class visit was made after one to two weeks, when the adolescents had finished the quantitative part of the study. The adolescents were then asked to participate in a focus group interview that examined how they perceived the use of the mobile phone dietary assessment app. Semistructured interviews were performed with groups of 4-9 participants. Teachers provided rooms in which the interviews could take place undisturbed. The interviews were audio recorded after consent from the participants, who were ensured that the material would be treated with confidentiality and that no one except the researchers involved in the study would have access to the recordings and transcripts. The first author conducted the interviews using an interview guide that included questions related to the study aim (see Multimedia Appendix 1). The interview guide consisted of 20 questions that were grouped into introductory questions, key questions, and concluding questions. The guide was used as an aid to ensure that the interviews focused on relevant topics, and was not followed to the letter. The questions were used to initiate a discussion, and the participants were free to elaborate on the topics and introduce topics of their own interest, in relation to the study. In seven of the twelve interviews, an assistant was present to take notes and occasionally ask questions. Participants in three of the interview groups had used the web-based FR, and participants in seven of the groups had been offered cinema tickets if they completed all methods in the quantitative part of the study. The interviews were transcribed verbatim and data were analyzed inductively using the principles for qualitative content analysis according to Graneheim and Lundman [11]. The first and second author performed the analysis separately, and thereafter discussed and agreed on the findings. Each transcribed interview was treated as a unit of analysis. The transcripts were read several times and meaning units, with content related to the research questions, were identified and condensed. Thereafter, codes were applied to the condensed meaning units. After the spring term, the first three interviews were coded, and after the autumn term the remaining nine interviews were coded. Codes were then compared and changed if necessary, so that one set of codes fit the entire collection of materials. Thereafter, the codes were sorted into categories that were exhaustive and mutually exclusive [11]. Examples of condensed meaning units, codes, and categories can be found in Table 1. The original spoken language in the interviews was Swedish. After the analysis had been completed, the results were translated into English. Meaning unit Condensed meaning unit Code Category You always have the phone with you anyway, so it is only to record directly You have the phone with you all the time and can record directly Advantage with mobile phone Benefits of using the mobile phone app Sometimes I felt that there were too many differences; if you searched for butter and milk there were different types so I just wrote milk. You have no idea which one to choose Sometimes there were to many different types of butter and milk; you have no idea which one to choose Hard/difficult to choose between many alternatives Recording correctly You thought more about it; now I will eat a snack because now I will be the good type You thought of what you ate, eating a snack to be good Improve dietary intake Dietary intake was affected Table 1. Examples of meaning units, condensed meaning units, codes, and categories. Many motivational theories exist, and according to Self Determination Theory (SDT) there are three basic psychological needs for an individual to function well: autonomy (a sense of choice and freedom from external pressure), competence (the ability to master a task and understand the rationale behind it), and relatedness (the need to belong and feel connected to others) [12]. Social contexts may support these three needs and thus result in better persistence and performance on activities. Consequently, when these needs are satisfied, motivation is enhanced. For the present study, the motivational types of SDT described by Wenemark [13] were applied. Rather than categorizing the participants according to the motivational types on an individual level, we tried to identify the different motivational types among the participants to see if examples of all types could be found. SDT categorizes motivation into six groups: intrinsic motivation, four types of extrinsic motivation, and amotivation. Intrinsic motivation is a natural inclination to explore and learn, and is characterized by spontaneous interest and enjoyment in an activity [12]. Extrinsic motivation can be integrated to different degrees, or can be self-determined, and locus of causality can be perceived as external or internal. In the two types of extrinsic motivation characterized by external locus of control, actions are controlled by others or by the self through rewards or punishments [12]. Wenemark [13] named these motivational types controlled extrinsic motivation. In the two categories of extrinsic motivation characterized by internal locus of control, actions are of importance for the self and possibly internalized. These motivational types were named autonomous extrinsic motivation by Wenemark [13]. Amotivation is a complete lack of intention to act [12]. Characteristics of the Participants The 92 participants in the school-classes in which group interviews were conducted were 14-16 years of age and spoke fluent Swedish. Most participants (71/92, 77%) were normal weight, 59% (54/92) were girls, and 49% (45/92) had at least one parent with a university/college education. This finding was comparable to the 148 adolescents who participated in the quantitative part of the evaluation study. The schools and municipalities in which recruitment took place were comparable regarding the proportion of adolescents with a foreign background (adolescents and/or both parents born outside of Sweden). Of the 92 adolescents, the proportion with at least one parent with a university/college education was smaller (45/92, 49%) than the proportion of adolescents with at least one parent with higher education in the municipalities (63%). The participants were not identified at the time of the group interviews, so characteristics of the 75 who participated are not available separately from the 92 adolescents in the school-classes in which the interviews were conducted. The interviews lasted between 12 and 29 minutes (average time 19 minutes). More time had been earmarked for the interviews; however, the participants had said what they wanted to leave before the time had run out. Categories illustrating participants’ views of recording dietary intake with the mobile phone dietary assessment app were grouped into seven categories, consisting of 43 codes (Table 2). An underlying theme in the material was identified as To overcome the barriers (Table 2, Figure 2). The theme should be interpreted as a thread of meaning that runs through the entire material [11]. In the following text, the manifest content is presented for the seven categories, followed by the theme. Code Category Theme The design of the app matters The app was difficult There were technical problems with the app/mobile phone Unclear with feedback Unclear/frustrating with reminders Unnecessary functions Is the feedback correct? Difficult to find the feedback Difficulty with the questions in the evening Type of mobile phone matters Wants to record exercise Difficulties of using the mobile phone app To overcome the barriers App is simple/good/fun Good and interesting with the results Good with the questions in the evening Advantage with mobile phone Benefits of using the Mobile phone app It is easy to forget Easier to record in the evening Difficult to record (in general) Combines techniques to remember You do not give up You have to think about when you eat and when to record You get tired Impractical sometimes The recording was fun/OK The process of recording Good with pictures Good selection of foods There is a need for more composite dishes Had to take something similar Difficult to record food with lots of ingredients Difficult to record sandwiches Difficult and unnecessary to record small meals Difficult/hard to estimate amounts Unclear what should be recorded Foods/dishes were missing Hard/difficult to record if you do not know content/type Hard/difficult to choose between many alternatives Recording correctly Improve dietary intake Avoided eating so you do not have to record Dietary intake was affected Reflects over the diet The days of recording were not representative Awareness of diet and physical activity habits Lack of interest Unclear with the study/methods Worry about focus on weight and dietary habits The study is not for me Table 2. Codes, categories, and theme from qualitative content analysis of 12 group interviews. Figure 2. Illustration of adolescents' experiences of using a mobile phone dietary assessment app. To reach the goal of a complete dietary registration at the top of the mountain, participants must overcome several perceived barriers. Depending on their motivational type, subjects are in a smaller or larger balloon, and therefore need less or more facilitators (sandbags to let go of) to make it rise. Difficulties of Using the Mobile Phone App Difficulties of using the mobile phone app were, according to participants, mainly technical and related to the app or type of mobile phone used. Many of the participants had to borrow an Android mobile phone for the study. Those who were not familiar with Android phones sometimes had difficulties using the phone, and participants stated that it would have been easier for them if the app had been available for iPhone. Other difficulties that were mentioned concerned the design of the app, unnecessary functions, unclear reminders to record, the questions in the evening, and the feedback function. Some participants also said that they would have preferred to register exercise instead of answering a question about the physical activity level during the day. Benefits of Using the Mobile Phone App In contrast to the above, some participants thought it was beneficial to answer the questions in the evening since it gave them a good summary of the day, and they appreciated getting feedback about their dietary intake in the mobile phone dietary assessment app. Other benefits of using the mobile phone app were that it was fun and easy to use. Participants liked the idea of using the phone, which they claimed to have with them all the time. many usually take photos of their food and things, and put these out on the Internet; so it’s just to have an app and record what you eat. The Process of Recording Participants found the study interesting and fun, but there were also views that the recording of dietary intake was burdensome and that one could get tired of it after a while. Some participants expressed that even though the study could be experienced as burdensome, it only lasted for three days, which was not difficult to endure, and they did not want to give up. Some participants found it easier to record in the evening (eg, when they used a borrowed mobile phone), thus avoiding carrying two phones during the day. Some participants combined techniques (ie, took photographs or notes about the consumed foods using their own mobile phone and entered it in the app in the evening). Other important factors related to the process of recording include that it was easy to forget to record dietary intake, that one had to be constantly aware of what was consumed, and that it was sometimes impractical to record the foods consumed. Recording Correctly As presented in Figure 1, the process of recording correctly in the mobile phone dietary assessment app consisted of several steps, from knowing what type of food was consumed to making sure that the correct amount was entered in the app. For these steps, the design and user-friendliness of the mobile phone dietary assessment app (as well as other factors) were important. Participants sometimes found it difficult to know the type of food consumed or the content of a composite dish (eg, lunch in the school canteen when someone else had prepared the food). Another problem was how to correctly record a dish that consisted of several ingredients. Tacos were very difficult to record because there was ground meat, spices and then all the other ingredients. It was suggested that the mobile phone dietary assessment app needed more composite dishes. Some foods or dishes were not found when searched for, and participants had to choose something similar, although they were not always happy with the substitute and pointed out that it did not have the same nutritional content as the foods they had consumed. Despite this, some participants were surprised by the number of foods and dishes in the database, and that they also could find foreign foods. Interestingly, the opposite could also be perceived as a problem: there were too many alternatives for some foods (eg, cheese, bread, butter, and milk). Sometimes I felt that there was too much difference; if you searched for butter and milk there were different types so I just wrote milk. You really have no idea which one to choose. Participants found it tiresome and unnecessary to record snacks and small meals. Some stated that they did not record every snack. Sandwiches, which are a common meal in Sweden, were problematic in this study, since participants had to know and search for the correct type of bread, butter, cheese, or other spread. Defining the consumed amount was also pointed out as difficult. However, the portion size pictures were found to be helpful. Finally, there was some uncertainty regarding what foods needed to be recorded (eg, whether snacks and drinking water should be entered). Dietary Intake was Affected Some participants stated that they ate as usual and recorded everything they ate. However, in spite of the fact that the participants were told to eat as usual during the study, dietary intake was affected emerged as a category. The major influence was on those participants abstaining from their usual snacking to avoid having to enter the foods, and participants who stated that they consciously or unconsciously improved their dietary intake. I sometimes did not eat things because then I would have to record them. Awareness of Diet and Physical Activity Habits Participants showed awareness of their diet and physical activity habits by questioning whether the days of recording were representative, as they considered that they had not exercised or eaten as usual during the study. This issue was especially true for those who participated during the weekend. After being in the study, some participants expressed that they had gained new insights about their dietary intake, and some were surprised by the results (eg, that the diet during the weekend was so bad, or that their energy intake was not higher). The Study Is Not for Me One participant asked if the purpose was to test the app or to assess their diet, even though it had been stressed that the aim was to evaluate the mobile phone dietary assessment app, and that no focus would be on individual diets when recruiting the participants. The purpose of the study was not clear to everyone, and some participants found that the study was not for them. Within this category, worries about body weight were a potential barrier to participating in the study. In one interview, participants said that the adolescents who decided not to participate did so because they were afraid that there would be a focus on their diet, physical activity, and body weight. There were many who were afraid to become aware: “how bad I am, and I’m so bad for eating all this” or like… “I really should lose some weight” Some participants stated that they joined the study in order to avoid other tasks assigned by the school teacher, thereby showing a lack of interest in the study even if agreeing to participate. Category Interpretation Several barriers to keep a correct FR can be discerned in the categories described above. In Figure 2, barriers are illustrated as a mountain, which the participant must ascend to complete the FR. The barriers include perceived difficulties with handling the mobile phone and app, and the app not working as it should. These issues were obviously problematic for the completion of the study. The problems with the mobile phone dietary assessment app not working properly arose later during the study, and the source of these technical problems was not detected. Other barriers were related to recording the correct food and amount in the app, and were often related to the food database. Barriers also included the effort needed to keep an FR, such as keeping the app in mind when participants were unmotivated to do so, or were busy with other things. Furthermore, uncertainties about what to record (and why) made it more difficult for some participants. Barriers for an accurate reporting of the diet arose when participants changed their intakes because of the study. In contrast to these barriers, there were also facilitators for using the mobile phone dietary assessment app and completing the FR. In Figure 2, facilitators are illustrated with sand bags that the participants are able to release in order to let the air balloon rise. Facilitators included notions that the app was easy to use and that it was fun and interesting to record dietary intake, use the methods, and see the results. Participants thought it was a good idea to use a mobile phone for the task, and if they did not succeed in using it during the day, they found their own solutions by combining techniques (eg, by using the camera function on their own mobile phones) and recording in the evening. Furthermore, participants thought that the food database had enough foods to correspond to their diets, and if they did not find an exact match they could choose something similar. Entering the correct amounts was facilitated by the portion size pictures. Finally, the participants’ determination to carry through facilitated their completion of the study. When considering the participants’ experiences and perceptions of using the mobile phone dietary assessment app, the theme of overcoming barriers became apparent (Table 2, Figure 2). It was burdensome to keep an FR and wear the SenseWear Armband, but even so, many participants were able to complete the task. Some participants admitted to getting tired of using the methods, but they still did their best to finish the study. Motivation was an important facilitator in this study, and the motives to participate differed among participants. When applying the different types of motivation in SDT to the results of the present study, amotivated participants would be the only subgroup in the study that lacked motivation to use the mobile phone dietary assessment app, and fail to complete the FR. This subgroup is illustrated in Figure 2, with the participants lacking the necessary means (a balloon in flight-worthy condition) to overcome the barriers and reach the goal of a complete and correct FR on the top of the mountain. Controlled extrinsically motivated individuals would include participants who were facilitated by the motivation to get a reward or avoid punishment. In Figure 2, the controlled extrinsically motivated participants are in possession of a large balloon and need several facilitating factors to make it rise. Some participants stated that they were not interested in the study, but decided to participate in order to get a cinema ticket. Other respondents said that they participated so they would not have to go for a walk, which one teacher suggested as an alternative activity for students that were not recruited to the study. During the interviews conducted in spring and beginning of autumn, participants said that they would have liked some sort of reward for being in the study, as they lacked other motives to participate. In addition to the question of being rewarded or not, participants found the design of the app important, and some said that a more stylish app would motivate them more to use it. Using the terminology of SDT, the autonomous extrinsically motivated participant completed the FR for the greater good to contribute to the study, and the intrinsically motivated participant enjoyed using the mobile phone dietary assessment app and completed the FR because it was fun. The second smallest and the smallest balloons in Figure 2 belong to the autonomous extrinsically motivated and the intrinsically motivated participants, respectively. The smaller the balloon, the less facilitators are needed to reach the top of the mountain (Figure 2). In the present study, some respondents said that they wanted to participate irrespective of rewards, as they found the procedures and results of the study fun and interesting (ie, they were more autonomous and perhaps even intrinsically motivated). One adolescent claimed that she chose to participate since not many of her classmates participated, and she felt sorry for the researchers, which could be considered autonomous extrinsic motivation. Furthermore, the participants differed in their interests in diet and health, which could explain differences among participants with autonomous extrinsic and intrinsic motivation, and their ability to overcome the barriers. The goal of an FR is to obtain a correct record of all consumed foods and drinks, as well as the correct amounts during the day(s) of recording [2]. Furthermore, the dietary intake should not be changed as a result of keeping an FR. Using technology such as mobile phones in dietary assessment could facilitate the collection of valid dietary data. The present study aimed to explore adolescents’ experiences using a mobile phone dietary assessment app, with a focus on factors that could affect their recording of dietary intake. The results generated the theme To overcome the barriers. Even though the mobile phone dietary assessment app had the potential of being fun and easy to use, there were difficulties with the method, and the end result depended on whether or not the participants were able to overcome the barriers with the help of facilitating factors. The adolescents’ motivation to continue recording their dietary intake when facing barriers to use the mobile phone dietary assessment app was an important facilitator. SDT has been used in various areas of research [14]. For example, it has been used in the study of self-care in type 1 diabetes [15] and in relation to body image and unhealthy weight control behavior in adolescents [16]. However, to our knowledge, it has not been used in the study of dietary assessment methods. The results of the present study demonstrated that adolescents differed in their motivation; some participants appeared to be intrinsically motivated while others appeared to be controlled or autonomously extrinsically motivated. The most amotivated adolescents presumably chose not to participate in the study. According to SDT, in order to enhance intrinsic motivation, the adolescents’ autonomy, competence, and relatedness in relation to the task of using the mobile phone dietary assessment app need to be supported. One way to achieve this goal is to plan studies that facilitate shared influence between participants and researchers (ie, with a participatory design). One study involving adolescents (before the current FR method was developed) found that participants preferred using mobile phones versus other methods of recording food intake [5]. Another study used participatory methods when developing text messages to improve nutrition and physical activity behaviors among teens [17]. However, the adolescents participating in these studies were not involved in formulating the research questions. It might not be feasible to involve adolescents in all steps of the research process. However, to feel that the research question is important to them, to be able to influence the way data are collected, and to be consulted in the interpretation process and the dissemination of results are all aspects that may increase the intrinsic motivation (ie, participate because the task is perceived as interesting or fun) [13]. Furthermore, in the present study, rewarding the controlled extrinsically motivated participants with a cinema ticket probably improved participation in this group, but the use of incentives likely reduced intrinsic motivation, since autonomy was thwarted [12]. One study that aimed to increase response rates in surveys showed that respondents were more satisfied with a questionnaire designed using SDT, and the response rates and data quality were higher compared with a standard questionnaire [18]. A limitation of the present study was that the mobile phone dietary assessment app was not designed using SDT. In future studies, by involving adolescents from the start, intrinsic motivation is likely to increase and there will be less need for rewards. Another advantage of involving adolescents in the design of the study and method development could be an increased potential to avoid two barriers that were identified in the present study (ie, uncertainty about what to record and what the study aim was). The number of practical barriers to use the method could also be reduced, further increasing the participants’ perceived competence. According to Ryan and Deci, consideration of the autonomy, competence, and relatedness of the participants may increase their motivation to complete an otherwise uninteresting task [12]. The identified barriers and facilitators for adolescents to record their diets with the mobile phone dietary assessment app need to be considered in future development of the method and research. Many of the categories point at practical barriers, and the method should be improved so that not only the most motivated adolescents manage to complete the FR. For example, the app should be developed for other operating systems than Android, and tested thoroughly to detect any technical problems before a study begins. A limitation of the present study was that the mobile phone dietary assessment app was only developed for Android. Some of the participants had problems using a type of mobile phone that they were not accustomed to, which likely distorted the perceived user-friendliness of the app. Very few studies have evaluated experiences using dietary assessment methods via qualitative methods. Vereecken et al used focus groups with children and parents to evaluate a web-based 24-hour recall method [19]. The children were enthusiastic about the method, but similar to the present study, some changes to improve the user-friendliness were requested (eg, regarding food items and reminders). A study examining adult US women used focus groups to qualitatively investigate possible behavioral changes when keeping FRs [20]. The results showed that the participants altered their diets to include less snacks and more simple foods, because of the burden to complete the records. The women in the study also discussed the wish to report socially desirable foods, but claimed that they did not alter their recording. Conversely, children and adolescents said that they might change their dietary intake to make the recording process easier [6]. It is challenging to make adolescents want to keep an FR, and also to record data correctly, making it important to consider the effect that individual factors (such as social desirability) have on the results. Qualitative methods are suitable when exploring experiences and views, and focus group interviews allow for self-disclosure among participants, and are suitable to shed light on quantitative data already collected [21]. When aiming to describe and interpret patterns in data, qualitative content analysis may be an appropriate technique [22]. Both focus group interviews and data analysis can be conducted by one researcher alone. However, focus groups often involve an observer, in addition to the researcher moderating the group [23]. Coding can be conducted by one researcher, although interrater subjectivity can be viewed as an approximation of objectivity [24]. Thus, we considered two research staff to be enough for both interviews and analysis in the present study. Focus groups were chosen as the interview method because it was assumed that the method would provide rich data, as a result of interaction between the participants. Individual interviews have the advantage of decreasing the impact of peer pressure, allowing the participant to speak more freely. Even so, we assumed that the participants would be more comfortable being in a group interview, as opposed to talking to the interviewer and assistant alone. The interviews were held in separate rooms in the schools, aiming to make the participants feel comfortable. Each room was nearby in an environment well known to the students, and they were not disturbed by other students or teachers. The group interviews were held approximately two weeks after the participants had used the mobile phone dietary assessment app. We believe that this time was short enough for the participants to remember how they perceived the method, but long enough for them to have time to reflect. The interviews did not last as long as anticipated, with an average of 19 minutes. However, there was not much small talk, and participants started to talk about the method almost immediately when entering the room. The participants might have found it difficult to focus on the interview since it was held in school and interrupted the usual schedule. During some interviews, the participants seemed restless and eager to get back to class. However, recruiting outside of school settings introduces other difficulties such as reaching adolescents from various backgrounds. The present study included adolescents who had agreed to participate in an evaluation study of a mobile phone dietary assessment app. Although some participants did not finish the task, they were probably more motivated than those who choose not to participate in the study. Not all of the participants in the quantitative part of the evaluation study were interviewed. It was not possible for all teachers to assign class time on the second visit, and 17 of the 92 adolescents (who were in school-classes when initial group interviews were conducted) were not present at the time of the interview (eg, due to illness). This factor might imply that the adolescents who were interviewed were in better general health than those who were absent from school. This possible implication should be kept in mind when transferring results to other settings. It was the opinion of the researchers that data saturation was reached and that interviewing more participants would not change the results substantially. The first and second author looked at the data separately, and after discussion agreed about the interpretation. The data were thoroughly discussed, from examples of meaning units and condensed meaning units, to labelling with codes and sorting responses into categories. The researchers further agreed about the theme, barriers and facilitators, and the application of SDT to the material. According to Graneheim and Lundman, these are important steps to achieve credibility of the research findings [11]. In conclusion, adolescents perceived several barriers, but also highlighted facilitators, when using a mobile phone dietary assessment app. Intersubject variations in the willingness to overcome the barriers could be understood by applying the different motivational types in SDT. Further research should aim at studying methods for (and effects of) increasing intrinsic motivation by supporting autonomy, competence, and relatedness among adolescents asked to participate in dietary studies. Hypothetically, such increased intrinsic motivation would decrease the negative impact of barriers, both on participation rate and quality of results. Participatory methods (ie, involving adolescents in decision making) may create potential for fewer barriers and more facilitators, further increasing the probability of obtaining valid FR. This study was supported by grants from: The Swedish Agency for Innovation Systems; Swedish Research Council for Environment, Agricultural Sciences, and Spatial Planning; Umeå University; and Vårdal Foundation for Healthcare Sciences and Allergy Research. The funders had no role in the design, analysis, or writing of this paper. The authors would like to thank the adolescents who participated in the evaluation study, and would also like to thank Moa Hallmyr Lewis, Agneta Mattiasson, and Christopher Holmberg for assistance with data collection. ÅS and CL designed the study and developed the mobile phone dietary assessment app, and ÅS and MM analyzed the data. ÅS drafted the paper, and MM and CL contributed to its content and approved the final version submitted. None declared. Interview guide. PDF File (Adobe PDF File), 6KB Westerterp KR, Goris AHC. Validity of the assessment of dietary intake: problems of misreporting. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care 2002 Sep;5:489-493. [Medline] Rutishauser IHE. Dietary intake measurements. Public Health Nutr 2005 Oct;8(7A):1100-1107. [Medline] Schoeller DA. Validation of habitual energy intake. Public Health Nutr 2002 Dec;5(6A):883-888. [CrossRef] [Medline] Livingstone MBE, Robson PJ, Wallace JMW. Issues in dietary intake assessment of children and adolescents. Br J Nutr 2004 Oct;92 Suppl 2:S213-S222. [Medline] Boushey CJ, Kerr DA, Wright J, Lutes KD, Ebert DS, Delp EJ. Use of technology in children's dietary assessment. Eur J Clin Nutr 2009 Feb;63 Suppl 1:S50-S57 [FREE Full text] [CrossRef] [Medline] Goodwin RA, Brulé D, Junkins EA, Dubois S, Beer-Borst S. Development of a food and activity record and a portion-size model booklet for use by 6- to 17-year olds: a review of focus-group testing. J Am Diet Assoc 2001 Aug;101(8):926-928. [CrossRef] [Medline] Ungar och Medier 2012/13: Fakta om barns och ungas användning och upplevelser av medier. Stockholm, Sweden: Statens medieråd; 2013. URL: http://statensmedierad.se/publikationer/ungarochmedier/ungarmedier201213.537.html [accessed 2016-07-18] [WebCite Cache] Svensson Å, Larsson C. A mobile phone app for dietary intake assessment in adolescents: an evaluation study. JMIR Mhealth Uhealth 2015;3(4):e93 [FREE Full text] [CrossRef] [Medline] Becker W, Lyhne N, Pedersen AN, Aro A, Fogelholm M, Phorsdottir I, et al. Nordic nutrition recommendations 2004: Integrating nutrition and physical activity. 4th edition. Copenhagen, Denmark: Nordic Council of Ministers; 2005. URL: http://www.jchimp.net/index.php/fnr/article/download/1633/1504 [accessed 2016-07-18] [WebCite Cache] Shofield W, Shofield C, James W. Basal metabolic rate: review and prediction. Hum Nutr Clin Nutr (Suppl. 1) 1985;39:1-96. Graneheim UH, Lundman B. Qualitative content analysis in nursing research: concepts, procedures and measures to achieve trustworthiness. Nurse Educ Today 2004 Feb;24(2):105-112. [CrossRef] [Medline] Ryan RM, Deci EL. Self-determination theory and the facilitation of intrinsic motivation, social development, and well-being. Am Psychol 2000 Jan;55(1):68-78. [Medline] Wenemark M. The respondent's perspective in health-related surveys. The role of motivation. Linköping: Linköping University; 2010. URL: http://liu.diva-portal.org/smash/get/diva2:355603/FULLTEXT01.pdf [accessed 2016-07-24] [WebCite Cache] Deci E, Ryan R. The “what” and “why” of goal pursuits: human needs and the self-determination of behavior. Psychological Inquiry 2000;11(4):227-268. Austin S, Senécal C, Guay F, Nouwen A. Effects of gender, age, and diabetes duration on dietary self-care in adolescents with type 1 diabetes: a Self-Determination Theory perspective. J Health Psychol 2011 Sep;16(6):917-928. [CrossRef] [Medline] Thøgersen-Ntoumani C, Ntoumanis N, Nikitaras N. Unhealthy weight control behaviours in adolescent girls: a process model based on self-determination theory. Psychol Health 2010 Jun;25(5):535-550. [CrossRef] [Medline] Hingle M, Nichter M, Medeiros M, Grace S. Texting for health: the use of participatory methods to develop healthy lifestyle messages for teens. J Nutr Educ Behav 2013 Feb;45(1):12-19. [CrossRef] [Medline] Wenemark M, Persson A, Noorlind Brage H, Svensson T, Kristenson M. Applying motivation theory to achieve increased respondent satisfaction, response rate and data quality in a self-administered survey. J Off Stat 2011;27(2):393-414. Vereecken C, Covents M, Maes L, Moyson T. Formative evaluation of the dietary assessment component of Children's and Adolescents' Nutrition Assessment and Advice on the Web (CANAA-W). J Hum Nutr Diet 2014 Jan;27 Suppl 1:54-65. [CrossRef] [Medline] Vuckovic N, Ritenbaugh C, Taren DL, Tobar M. A qualitative study of participants' experiences with dietary assessment. J Am Diet Assoc 2000 Sep;100(9):1023-1028. [CrossRef] [Medline] Krueger R. Focus groups. A practical guide for applied research. 2nd edition. London: Sage Publications; 1994. Morgan DL. Qualitative content analysis: a guide to paths not taken. Qual Health Res 1993 Feb;3(1):112-121. [Medline] Gill P, Stewart K, Treasure E, Chadwick B. Methods of data collection in qualitative research: interviews and focus groups. Br Dent J 2008 Mar;204(6):291-295. [CrossRef] [Medline] Schreier M. Qualitative content analysis in practice. London: SAGE Publications; 2012. FR: food record SDT: Self Determination Theory Edited by G Eysenbach; submitted 01.03.16; peer-reviewed by S Bonn, S Christensen; comments to author 24.03.16; revised version received 13.05.16; accepted 04.06.16; published 29.07.16 ©Åsa Svensson, Maria Magnusson, Christel Larsson. Originally published in JMIR Mhealth and Uhealth (http://mhealth.jmir.org), 29.07.2016.	cc/2019-30/en_head_0043.json.gz/line2409
__label__wiki	0.95744	0.95744	Jim Broadbent James Broadbent (born 24 May 1949) is an English actor. He won an Academy Award and a Golden Globe Award for his supporting role as John Bayley in the Jim BroadbentBroadbent in 2007BornJames Broadbent (1949-05-24) 24 May 1949 (age 70) Holton cum Beckering, Lincolnshire, EnglandResidenceNorth West London, England Lincolnshire, EnglandEducationLondon Academy of Music and Dramatic ArtOccupationActorYears active1972–presentSpouse(s)Anastasia Lewis (m. 1987) James Broadbent (born 24 May 1949) is an English actor.[1] He won an Academy Award and a Golden Globe Award for his supporting role as John Bayley in the feature film Iris (2001), as well as winning a BAFTA TV Award and a Golden Globe for his leading role as Lord Longford in the television film Longford (2006). Broadbent received four BAFTA Film Award nominations and won one for his performance in Moulin Rouge! (2001). He was also nominated for two Primetime Emmy Awards and four Screen Actors Guild Awards. Broadbent played Horace Slughorn in the fantasy films Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince (2009) and Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 2 (2011). He joined the cast of the television series Game of Thrones, playing a role of Archmaester Ebrose, in the seventh season (2017). His other notable roles were in Topsy-Turvy (1999), The Gathering Storm (2002), And When Did You Last See Your Father? (2007), Hot Fuzz (2007), Another Year (2010), The Iron Lady (2011), and the Paddington films (2014, 2017). 2 Voice acting career 3 Writing 4.1 Selected filmography 6 Awards and nominations 6.1 Academy Awards 6.2 Emmy Awards (Primetime) 6.3 Golden Globe Awards 6.4 Screen Actors Guild Awards 6.5 British Academy of Film and Television Arts Awards (BAFTA) 6.6 Other awards 6.7 Other awards and honours Broadbent was born on 24 May 1949 in Holton cum Beckering,[2] in Lincolnshire, the second son of Doreen "Dee" Broadbent (née Findlay), a sculptor, and Roy Laverick Broadbent, an artist, sculptor, interior designer and furniture maker.[3] Broadbent's parents were both amateur actors who co-founded the Holton Players acting troupe at Holton.[4] The two have been described by the BBC as conscientious objectors who "worked the land" rather than participate in World War II.[3] In Wickenby, a former Methodist Chapel was purchased in 1970 by Holton Players, who converted it into a 100-seat theatre, named Broadbent Theatre in memory of Roy Broadbent, who designed the conversion. Broadbent revisited for BBC Radio in 2002 surviving members of his parents' pacifist and artistic community in the remote Lincolnshire village.[5] Their theatre company remains active (2019).[6] Broadbent had a twin sister who died at birth. Broadbent was educated at Leighton Park School, a Quaker school in Reading,[7] and briefly attended art college before transferring to the London Academy of Music and Dramatic Art. He graduated in 1972.[8] His early stage work included appearances as Patrick Barlow's assistant in the mock National Theatre of Brent. Voice acting career Broadbent at the 2010 Toronto International Film Festival Broadbent's early stagework included a number of productions for The National Theatre of Brent as the downtrodden assistant Wallace to Patrick Barlow's self-important actor and manager character Desmond Olivier Dingle. Broadbent and Barlow played many male and female character roles in comically less-than-epic tellings of historical and religious stories, such as The Complete Guide to Sex, The Greatest Story Ever Told, Revolution!!, and All The World's A Globe. These were hits at the Edinburgh Fringe, in London, and on tour. Later stage work included the original productions of Kafka's Dick (1986) and Our Country's Good (1988) at the Royal Court Theatre and work for the Royal National Theatre including "The Government Inspector". Work on the stage with Mike Leigh includes Goosepimples and Ecstasy. He had worked with Stephen Frears in The Hit (1984) and Terry Gilliam in Time Bandits (1981) and Brazil (1985) before establishing himself in Mike Leigh's Life Is Sweet (1990). He proved his ability as a character actor in films including The Crying Game (1992), Enchanted April (1992), Bullets over Broadway (1994), The Borrowers (1997), and Little Voice (1998) before taking a leading role in another Mike Leigh film, Topsy-Turvy (1999), playing dramatist Sir William S. Gilbert. He played "The Shy Doctor" in the 1999 Comic Relief parody Doctor Who sketch, Doctor Who and the Curse of Fatal Death. In 2001, Broadbent starred in three of the year's most successful films: Richard Curtis' Bridget Jones's Diary, Baz Luhrmann's Moulin Rouge!, and Richard Eyre's Iris, for which he won an Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor for his performance.[9]. In 2002, he appeared in Martin Scorsese's Gangs of New York and in the film adaptation of Dickens' Nicholas Nickleby (2002 film). Broadbent voiced Madame Gasket in the 2005 film Robots. Broadbent also appeared as DCI Roy Slater, an associate character in the enormously popular sitcom Only Fools and Horses. The character appeared in three episodes over an eight-year period. He had originally been offered the lead role of Del Boy in the series, but he turned it down due to other commitments. He has also played a role in the Inspector Morse series. Other comic roles include the lead role in the sitcom The Peter Principle and occasional guest appearances in Not The Nine O'Clock News, Only Fools and Horses, and Victoria Wood As Seen on TV. He portrayed Don Speekingleesh in "The Queen of Spain's Beard" in the first series of The Black Adder in 1983. He also played the role of Prince Albert in Blackadder's Christmas Carol, first broadcast in 1988. He joined Rowan Atkinson in his Spider-Man spoof Spider-Plant Man, as a disgruntled Batman, jealous of Spider-Plant Man's success. Broadbent played the lead role of the TV film Wide-Eyed and Legless.[10] Based on a true story, the drama tells of Deric Longden's wife, Diana, and her fight against a mysterious wasting illness which turned out to be myalgic encephalomyelitis. It began as a type of flu but it grew progressively worse. She was subject to blackouts and became so debilitated that she could barely get out of her wheelchair. It led to years of pain and paralysis that ended in her death. Broadbent portrayed the title role in the Channel 4 drama Longford in October 2006, earning a BAFTA TV Award, a Golden Globe, and a 2007 Emmy nomination for his performance as Frank Pakenham (1905–2001), Earl of Longford, which was centred on Longford's ultimately unsuccessful campaign for the parole of Myra Hindley from her life imprisonment for the Moors Murders. Broadbent appeared as Inspector Frank Butterman in Hot Fuzz in 2007. The Broadbent Theatre, Wickenby, Lincolnshire, named after Roy Broadbent, father of Jim. Photographed 2006. He appeared in the original radio production of The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy, playing the character Vroomfondel. Forty years later, he took the role of Marvin in the Hexagonal Phase radio series.[11] He was also a regular in Stephen Fry's radio comedy show Saturday Night Fry, which aired on BBC Radio 4 in 1988. In 2008, he starred as pro-Newtonian physicist Sir Oliver Lodge in the fact-based single drama Einstein and Eddington for the BBC. Broadbent also briefly appeared in the fourth film in the Indiana Jones series, Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull (2008) and in The Young Victoria (2009) alongside Emily Blunt as King William IV. Broadbent joined a long list of British actors by appearing in Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince, as well as the final movie in the series Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 2 as Horace Slughorn[12] In 2009, he portrayed Sam Longson, chairman of Derby County football club in the 1960s and 1970s, in the film The Damned United; the starring character in the film was football manager Brian Clough, played by Michael Sheen. In 2010, he provided the voice for the character Major Mouse in a series of radio advertisements and one produced for television for an energy company, E.ON, for their eonenergyfit.com website campaign. He also starred as the older Logan Mountstuart in the TV adaptation of William Boyd's novel Any Human Heart. He had a lead role in Exile, a BBC One drama, starring John Simm and written by Danny Brocklehurst.[13] In 2010, Broadbent reunited with director Mike Leigh, in Another Year with Ruth Sheen, and Lesley Manville. The film premiered at the 2010 Cannes Film Festival in competition for the Palme d'Or. According to review aggregation website, Rotten Tomatoes, 93% of critics have given the film a positive review, with the critical consensus reading, "Characterized by strong performances and the director's trademark feel for the nuances of everyday life, Another Year marks another solid entry in Mike Leigh's career of kitchen-sink English drama."[14] In 2012, he played Denis Thatcher opposite legendary actress Meryl Streep as the former Prime Minister in The Iron Lady. Streep won her third Academy Award for her performance. That same year he also starred in Cloud Atlas (film). In 2014, he starred in Roger Mitchell's critically acclaimed drama film, Le Week-End alongside Lindsay Duncan. Film review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes reports that 89% of critics gave the film a positive review based on 148 reviews, with an average score of 7.4/10. The website's critical consensus states: "Topped with bittersweet humor but possessing surprisingly thorny depths, Le Week-End offers a sophisticated, well-acted portrait of late-life struggles and long-term marriage."[15] In 2015, Broadbent starred in the Oscar nominated film Brooklyn alongside Saoirse Ronan, Domhnaal Gleeson, and Julie Walters. On the review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes, the film holds an approval rating of 97% based on 256 reviews, with an average rating of 8.4/10. The site's critical consensus reads, "Brooklyn buttresses outstanding performances from Saoirse Ronan and Emory Cohen with a rich period drama that tugs at the heartstrings as deftly as it satisfies the mind."[16] The film was nominated for four Academy Awards including Best Picture. Later that year, he also appeared in a role in Alan Bennett's comedy film The Lady in the Van (2015) alongside Maggie Smith, and Alex Jennings. Broadbent has also appeared in the critically acclaimed British comedy films, Paddington (2014), and Paddington 2 (2018) alongside Hugh Bonneville, Sally Hawkins, Julie Walters, and Ben Whishaw. In 2016, he was cast in the massively popular Emmy Award winning HBO series seventh season of the HBO series Game of Thrones.[17][18] On 28 May 2018, he played Gloucester in the BBC Two's of King Lear.[19] In 2018, he played Hans Christian Andersen in the premiere of Martin McDonagh's play A Very Very Very Dark Matter at the Bridge Theatre in London.[20] In Summer 2019, he recorded all the 2005 Muffin The Mule stories for a grand CD release, whilst providing memorable voices for every animal character as well as Muffin The Mule himself. In 2018, Broadbent's first graphic novel Dull Margaret was published by Fantagraphics Books.[21] Filmography Main article: Jim Broadbent filmography Selected filmography Time Bandits (1981) Life is Sweet (1990) Enchanted April (1992) The Crying Game (1992) Bullets over Broadway (1994) Little Voice (1998) Topsy-Turvy (1999) Bridget Jones’s Diary (2001) Iris (2001) Nicholas Nickelby (2002) The Gathering Storm (2002) Bright Young Things (2003) Vanity Fair (2004) Vera Drake (2004) Bridget Jones: The Edge of Reason (2004) Longford (2006) And When Did You Last See Your Father (2007) Indiana Jones & the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull (2008) The Young Victoria (2009) The Damned United (2009) Another Year (2010) Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows –Part 2 (2011) The Iron Lady (2011) Arthur Christmas (2011) Cloud Atlas (2012) Le Week-End (2013) Paddington (2014) Brooklyn (2015) London Spy (2015) War & Peace (2016) Bridget Jones’s Baby (2016) Ethel & Ernest (2016) (voice) Mary and the Witch’s Flower (2017) (voice) The Sense of an Ending (2017) Paddington 2 (2018) King Lear (2018) Game of Thrones (2017-2019) Broadbent has been married to painter and former theatre designer Anastasia Lewis[22] since 1987. He is an atheist.[23] Awards and nominations Academy Awards Year Nominated Work Category Result 2001 Iris Best Supporting Actor Won Emmy Awards (Primetime) Year Nominated Work Category Result 2002 The Gathering Storm Outstanding Supporting Actor in a Limited Series or Television Movie Nominated 2007 Longford Outstanding Lead Actor in a Limited Series or Television Movie Nominated Golden Globe Awards Year Nominated Work Category Result 2002 Iris Best Supporting Actor – Motion Picture Won 2003 The Gathering Storm Best Supporting Actor – Series, Miniseries or Television Film Nominated 2007 Longford Best Actor – Miniseries or Television Film Won Screen Actors Guild Awards Year Nominated Work Category Result 1998 Little Voice Outstanding Performance by an Ensemble in a Motion Picture Nominated 2002 Moulin Rouge! Outstanding Performance by an Ensemble in a Motion Picture Nominated 2002 Iris Outstanding Performance by a Male Actor in a Supporting Role Nominated 2018 Game of Thrones Outstanding Performance by an Ensemble in a Drama Series Nominated British Academy of Film and Television Arts Awards (BAFTA) Year Nominated Work Category Result 2000 Topsy-Turvy Best Actor in a Leading Role – Film Nominated 2002 Iris Best Actor in a Leading Role – Film Nominated 2002 Moulin Rouge Best Actor in a Supporting Role – Film Won 2004 Young Visiters Best Actor in a Leading Role – Television Nominated 2007 Longford Best Actor in a Leading Role – Television Won 2011 Any Human Heart Best Actor in a Leading Role – Television Nominated 2012 The Iron Lady Best Actor in a Supporting Role – Film Nominated Other awards Year Nominated Work Category 1999 Topsy-Turvy Evening Standard British Film Award for Best Actor London Film Critics Circle Award for Best Actor Volpi Cup for Best Actor Nominated—Nominated—British Independent Film Award for Best Actor Nominated—Chicago Film Critics Association Award for Best Actor 2001 Moulin Rouge! Los Angeles Film Critics Association Award for Best Supporting Actor National Board of Review Award for Best Supporting Actor Nominated—Broadcast Film Critics Association Award for Best Supporting Actor Nominated—European Film Award for Best Actor Nominated—Phoenix Film Critics Society Award for Best Supporting Actor 2002 Nicholas Nickleby National Board of Review Award for Best Cast 2006 The Street International Emmy Award for Best Performance by an Actor 2007 Longford Broadcasting Press Guild Award for Best Actor Nominated—Monte Carlo TV Festival for Television Films – Best Actor Nominated—Royal Television Society Award for Best Actor – Male Nominated—Satellite Award for Best Actor – Miniseries or Television Film 2007 Nicholas Nickleby Nominated—British Independent Film Award for Best Actor Nominated—London Film Critics Circle Award for Best Actor 2009 The Damned United Nominated—British Independent Film Award for Best Supporting Actor 2010 Another Year Nominated—San Diego Film Critics Society Award for Best Cast Any Human Heart Royal Television Society Award for Best Actor – Male Nominated—British Academy Television Award for Best Actor Other awards and honours 2004: Nominated Grammy Award for Best Spoken Word Album for Children for Winnie-the-Pooh. 2007: British Independent Film Awards—Richard Harris Award Broadbent was offered an OBE in 2002, but he declined it, stating that there were more deserving recipients than actors and that the British Empire was not something he wanted to “celebrate”.[24][25] Broadbent was made an Honorary Associate of London Film School. ^ "Jim Broadbent". MovieActors.com. 24 May 1949. Retrieved 29 October 2011..mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em} ^ "It's a Golden Globe for Jim Broadbent", Louth Leader, 14 January 2008. Retrieved 29 October 2011 ^ a b "BBC – Lincolnshire – History – Famous Yellowbelly – Jim Broadbent". Bbc.co.uk. 24 August 2005. Retrieved 29 October 2011. ^ "Broadbent Theatre Member Profile: Roy Broadbent". Broadbent.org. Retrieved 29 October 2011. ^ https://www.bbc.co.uk/sounds/play/b00768nh ^ http://holtonplayers.org/ ^ Home. "An in-depth look at your favourite celebrity personalities – hellomagazine.com, HELLO!". Hellomagazine.com. Retrieved 29 October 2011. ^ Newsmakers, Issue 4. Gale, 2008 ^ "The 74th Academy Awards (2002) Nominees and Winners, Sunday, 24 March 2002". Oscars.org. 24 March 2002. Retrieved 29 October 2011. ^ "Wide-Eyed And Legless". ^ "The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy: Hexagonal Phase - S4". Radio Times. Retrieved 28 April 2018. ^ "Broadbent on "Potter" & "Indy 4" (17 September 2007)". Darkhorizons.com. Archived from the original on 25 May 2012. Retrieved 29 October 2011. ^ "BBC news entertainment-arts". BBC News. Bbc.co.uk. 15 November 2010. Retrieved 29 October 2011. ^ https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/another_year_2010 ^ https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/le_week_end ^ https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/brooklyn ^ Hibberd, James (31 August 2016). "Game of Thrones casts Jim Broadbent in first season 7 role". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved 31 August 2016. ^ "'Harry Potter' star joins 'Game Of Thrones' cast for season seven". NME. 1 September 2016. Retrieved 17 January 2017. ^ "Anthony Hopkins, Emma Thompson to Star in 'King Lear' for Amazon and BBC". ^ "A Very Very Very Dark Matter \| The Bridge Theatre". The Bridge Theatre. Retrieved 20 October 2018. ^ "Comics & Graphic Novels :: Graphic Novels :: Dull Margaret". www.fantagraphics.com. Retrieved 16 June 2019. ^ Walden, By Celia (24 November 2010). "Jim Broadbent: 'I love being someone else'". ^ Farndale, Nigel (22 September 2007). "Jim Broadbent: the heartbreak kid" – via www.telegraph.co.uk. ^ Eden, Richard (8 January 2012). "Oscar-winning star Jim Broadbent says 'rogue' actors should reject honours". The Telegraph. Retrieved 25 November 2012. ^ "Broadbent Snubbed Obe". contactmusic.com. 5 March 2007. Retrieved 25 November 2012. Jim Broadbent on IMDb Jim Broadbent at AllMovie Jim Broadbent at the BFI's Screenonline Biography on the Broadbent Theatre website Interview with Broadbent at the BAFTA website Awards for Jim Broadbent Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor1936–1950 Walter Brennan (1936) Joseph Schildkraut (1937) Thomas Mitchell (1939) Donald Crisp (1941) Van Heflin (1942) Charles Coburn (1943) Barry Fitzgerald (1944) James Dunn (1945) Harold Russell (1946) Edmund Gwenn (1947) Walter Huston (1948) Dean Jagger (1949) George Sanders (1950) Karl Malden (1951) Anthony Quinn (1952) Frank Sinatra (1953) Edmond O'Brien (1954) Jack Lemmon (1955) Red Buttons (1957) Burl Ives (1958) Hugh Griffith (1959) Peter Ustinov (1960) George Chakiris (1961) Ed Begley (1962) Melvyn Douglas (1963) Martin Balsam (1965) Walter Matthau (1966) George Kennedy (1967) Jack Albertson (1968) Gig Young (1969) John Mills (1970) Ben Johnson (1971) Joel Grey (1972) John Houseman (1973) Robert De Niro (1974) George Burns (1975) Jason Robards (1976) Christopher Walken (1978) Timothy Hutton (1980) John Gielgud (1981) Louis Gossett Jr. (1982) Jack Nicholson (1983) Haing S. Ngor (1984) Don Ameche (1985) Michael Caine (1986) Sean Connery (1987) Kevin Kline (1988) Denzel Washington (1989) Joe Pesci (1990) Jack Palance (1991) Gene Hackman (1992) Tommy Lee Jones (1993) Martin Landau (1994) Kevin Spacey (1995) Cuba Gooding Jr. (1996) Robin Williams (1997) James Coburn (1998) Benicio del Toro (2000) Jim Broadbent (2001) Chris Cooper (2002) Tim Robbins (2003) Morgan Freeman (2004) George Clooney (2005) Alan Arkin (2006) Javier Bardem (2007) Heath Ledger (2008) Christoph Waltz (2009) Christian Bale (2010) Christopher Plummer (2011) Jared Leto (2013) J. K. Simmons (2014) Mark Rylance (2015) Mahershala Ali (2016) Sam Rockwell (2017) BAFTA Award for Best Actor in a Supporting Role Ian Holm (1968) Laurence Olivier (1969) Colin Welland (1970) Edward Fox (1971) Arthur Lowe (1973) Fred Astaire (1975) Brad Dourif (1976) John Hurt (1978) Robert Duvall (1979) Denholm Elliott (1983) Ray McAnally (1986) Daniel Auteuil (1987) Michael Palin (1988) Salvatore Cascio (1990) Alan Rickman (1991) Ralph Fiennes (1993) Samuel L. Jackson (1994) Tim Roth (1995) Paul Scofield (1996) Tom Wilkinson (1997) Geoffrey Rush (1998) Jude Law (1999) Bill Nighy (2003) Clive Owen (2004) Jake Gyllenhaal (2005) Barkhad Abdi (2013) Dev Patel (2016) BAFTA TV Award for Best Actor Paul Rogers (1955) Peter Cushing (1956) Michael Gough (1957) Michael Hordern (1958) Donald Pleasence (1959) Patrick McGoohan (1960) Lee Montague (1961) Rupert Davies (1962) Harry H. Corbett (1963) Alan Badel (1964) Patrick Wymark (1965) Warren Mitchell (1967) Eric Porter (1968) Roy Dotrice (1969) Edward Woodward (1970) Keith Michell (1971) John Le Mesurier (1972) Anthony Hopkins (1973) Frank Finlay (1974) Peter Barkworth (1975) Derek Jacobi (1977) Alec Guinness (1980) Anthony Andrews (1982) Alan Bates (1984) Tim Pigott-Smith (1985) Bob Peck (1986) Michael Gambon (1987) David Jason (1988) John Thaw (1990) Ian Richardson (1991) Robert Lindsay (1992) Robbie Coltrane (1994) Nigel Hawthorne (1997) Simon Russell Beale (1998) Tom Courtenay (1999) Albert Finney (2003) Rhys Ifans (2005) Andrew Garfield (2008) Stephen Dillane (2009) Kenneth Branagh (2010) Daniel Rigby (2011) Dominic West (2012) Ben Whishaw (2013) Sean Harris (2014) Jason Watkins (2015) Adeel Akhtar (2017) Sean Bean (2018) Benedict Cumberbatch (2019) International Emmy for Best Performance by an Actor Thierry Frémont (2005) Ray Winstone (2006) Pierre Bokma / Jim Broadbent (2007) David Suchet (2008) Bob Hoskins (2010) Christopher Eccleston (2011) Darío Grandinetti (2012) Maarten Heijmans (2015) Dustin Hoffman (2016) Lars Mikkelsen (2018) Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actor – Motion Picture Akim Tamiroff (1943) J. Carrol Naish (1945) Clifton Webb (1946) James Whitmore (1949) Millard Mitchell (1952) Arthur Kennedy (1955) Earl Holliman (1956) Stephen Boyd (1959) Sal Mineo (1960) Omar Sharif (1962) John Huston (1963) Oskar Werner (1965) Richard Attenborough (1966) Daniel Massey (1968) Richard Benjamin (1975) Peter Firth (1977) Melvyn Douglas/Robert Duvall (1979) Klaus Maria Brandauer (1985) Tom Berenger (1986) Bruce Davison (1990) Brad Pitt (1995) Edward Norton (1996) Burt Reynolds (1997) Ed Harris (1998) Tom Cruise (1999) Eddie Murphy (2006) Sylvester Stallone (2015) Aaron Taylor-Johnson (2016) Golden Globe Award for Best Actor – Miniseries or Television Film Mickey Rooney (1981) Richard Chamberlain (1983) Ted Danson (1984) James Woods (1986) Randy Quaid (1987) Michael Caine/Stacy Keach (1988) James Garner (1990) Beau Bridges (1991) Raul Julia (1994) Gary Sinise (1995) Ving Rhames (1997) Stanley Tucci (1998) Brian Dennehy (2000) James Franco (2001) Al Pacino (2003) Jonathan Rhys Meyers (2005) Paul Giamatti (2008) Kevin Bacon (2009) Idris Elba (2011) Kevin Costner (2012) Michael Douglas (2013) Billy Bob Thornton (2014) Oscar Isaac (2015) Tom Hiddleston (2016) Ewan McGregor (2017) Darren Criss (2018) London Film Critics' Circle Award for British Actor of the Year Daniel Day-Lewis (1992) David Thewlis (1993) Ewan McGregor / Ian McKellen (1996) Robert Carlyle (1997) Brendan Gleeson (1998) Jeremy Northam (1999) Paul Bettany (2001) Hugh Grant (2002) Daniel Craig (2004) Toby Jones (2006) James McAvoy (2007) Michael Fassbender (2008) Colin Firth (2009) Timothy Spall (2014) Tom Hardy (2015) Daniel Kaluuya (2017) Rupert Everett (2018) Robert Morley (1978) John Lithgow (1982) Adolph Caesar (1984) Dennis Hopper (1986) Danny Aiello (1989) Michael Lerner (1991) Don Cheadle (1995) Bill Murray / Billy Bob Thornton (1998) Willem Dafoe (2000) Thomas Haden Church (2004) William Hurt (2005) Michael Sheen (2006) Vlad Ivanov (2007) Niels Arestrup (2010) Dwight Henry (2012) James Franco / Jared Leto (2013) Michael Shannon (2015) Steven Yeun (2018) John Williams (1954) Charles Bickford (1955) Richard Basehart (1956) Sessue Hayakawa (1957) Albert Salmi (1958) George Peppard (1960) Jackie Gleason (1961) Burgess Meredith (1962) Harry Andrews (1965) Robert Shaw (1966) Paul Ford (1967) Leo McKern (1968) Philippe Noiret (1969) Frank Langella (1970) Joel Grey / Al Pacino (1972) Holger Löwenadler (1974) Charles Durning (1975) Tom Skerritt (1977) Richard Farnsworth (1978) Paul Dooley (1979) Robert Preston (1982) John Malkovich (1984) River Phoenix (1988) Alan Alda (1989) Leonardo DiCaprio (1993) Greg Kinnear (1997) Philip Seymour Hoffman (1999) Joaquin Phoenix (2000) Alec Baldwin (2003) Djimon Hounsou (2006) Casey Affleck (2007) Josh Brolin (2008) Woody Harrelson (2009) Will Forte (2013) Jeff Bridges (2016) Sam Elliott (2018) Satellite Award for Best Supporting Actor – Motion PictureMusical or Comedy (1996–2005, retired) Bill Murray (1998) William H. Macy (1999) Michael Constantine (2002) Eugene Levy (2003) Val Kilmer (2005) Motion Picture Drama Armin Mueller-Stahl (1996) Donald Sutherland (1998) Harry Lennix (1999) Bruce Greenwood (2000) Ben Kingsley (2001) Dennis Haysbert (2002) Danny Huston (2005) (2006–present) Casey Affleck / Tom Wilkinson (2007) Albert Brooks (2011) Richard E. Grant (2018) Volpi Cup for Best Actor1934–68 Wallace Beery (1934) Pierre Blanchar (1935) Paul Muni (1936) Emil Jannings (1937) Leslie Howard (1938) Ermete Zacconi (1941) Fosco Giachetti (1942) Pierre Fresnay (1947) Ernst Deutsch (1948) Joseph Cotten (1949) Sam Jaffe (1950) Jean Gabin (1951) Fredric March (1952) Henri Vilbert (1953) Curd Jürgens / Kenneth More (1955) Bourvil (1956) Anthony Franciosa (1957) James Stewart (1959) Toshiro Mifune (1961) Burt Lancaster (1962) Jacques Perrin (1966) Ljubiša Samardžić (1967) John Marley (1968) Guy Boyd / George Dzundza / David Alan Grier / Mitchell Lichtenstein / Matthew Modine / Michael Wright (1983) Naseeruddin Shah (1984) Gérard Depardieu (1985) Carlo Delle Piane (1986) Hugh Grant / James Wilby (1987) Don Ameche / Joe Mantegna (1988) Marcello Mastroianni / Massimo Troisi (1989) Oleg Borisov (1990) Fabrizio Bentivoglio / Marcello Mastroianni (1993) Xia Yu / Roberto Citran (1994) Götz George / Ian Hart (1995) Liam Neeson / Chris Penn (1996) Wesley Snipes (1997) Sean Penn (1998) Luigi Lo Cascio (2001) Stefano Accorsi (2002) David Strathairn (2005) Ben Affleck (2006) Silvio Orlando (2008) Vincent Gallo (2010) Philip Seymour Hoffman / Joaquin Phoenix (2012) Themis Panou (2013) Adam Driver (2014) Fabrice Luchini (2015) Oscar Martínez (2016) Kamel El Basha (2017) BNF: cb14030776h (data) MusicBrainz: 6686730c-9546-4841-9187-ff616a2b8e54 SNAC: w62c6c76	cc/2019-30/en_head_0043.json.gz/line2411
__label__wiki	0.910591	0.910591	America's Jobs Crisis Job challenges loom for war vets By Aaron Smith @CNNMoney March 22, 2012: 1:41 PM ET Army vet Chris Cowan, right, served with "Outlaw Platoon" author Sean Parnell in Afghanistan. Cowan later found a civilian job as a police officer, but some of his platoon buddies struggle with unemployment. NEW YORK (CNNMoney) -- Veterans of the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan face unique hurdles in an already tough job market. Many have suffered physical and mental injuries. Others have a hard time getting employers to see the value of their wartime experience. "Being the best mortar man in the best battalion in the world doesn't mean a whole lot when you come out," said Sean Parnell, author of "Outlaw Platoon," a book about his experiences as an Army platoon leader in Afghanistan in 2006. "Fifty percent of my men who are now out of the military are living paycheck to paycheck -- working as a busboy, or at a bar, or maybe not working at all." More than 2.2 million soldiers, Marines and sailors have served in Iraq or Afghanistan. Another 90,000 troops are slated to return from Afghanistan by 2014. For a long time, post 9/11 veterans have faced a much higher jobless rate than the general population. Just a year ago, it stood at 12.5%, well above the national average. A big push by employers and government knocked the rate to 7.6% in February, even below the overall U.S. unemployment rate of 8.3%. Still, many veterans struggle to find work. "These guys have these bang-up resumes for the military and then they get out and civilians don't know what to do with them," said Parnell. "So they end up working at a Subway." Best jobs if you're leaving the military This is what happened to one of his former troops, 27-year-old Marcel Rowley, who went from being a combat infantryman in Afghanistan to a minimum-wage busboy in California. Rowley, who had been in firefights with insurgents in the Afghan mountains, had to compete against high school kids to get a restaurant job. "It took a lot of self control," Rowley said, recalling the times when he dealt with difficult customers. "I definitely had times when I wanted to rip people's faces off." He realized his military experience meant nothing at home. He had gone to boot camp right after high school, and he said that in the eyes of employers it was almost as if he'd been frozen in time. Rowley -- who is now a full-time student on the GI Bill at South Lake Tahoe Community College in California -- and many young vets like him never had a chance to build resumes in the civilian work force. Other ex-soldiers have difficulty getting work because they're suffering from post-traumatic stress disorder, which can often go undiagnosed, according to Parnell, who is pursuing a Ph.D. in clinical psychology in Pittsburgh. 0:00 / 2:21 Live in a top secret military facility Chris Brown, who also served with Parnell, struggled to find work for years before going on full disability for PTSD. When returned from Afghanistan in 2007 he initially received 50% disability for PTSD and shrapnel injuries. He tried to find work in the United States, and then spent a couple of years working odd jobs in Canada. "I actually had to move to Canada to find work," Brown said, a former Humvee gunner. "I was an illegal immigrant in Canada!" When he finally came back to the states, Veterans Affairs put him on 100% disability for PTSD, which now pays him $32,000 a year. Phillip Baldwin, 40, had a career to come home to after his stint in Afghanistan, but both his tour and his options were cut short when he was shot in the spine and foot during a firefight. Before joining the military, the father of four worked as a conductor and dispatcher at the St. Louis railroad terminal. He was medically retired from the Army and, after months of hospitalization, returned to work for the railroad. Baldwin's injuries prevented him for being a conductor, so he became a dispatcher. Then his nerve damage got worse, and he had to go on a morphine pump just to function. The drugs created a safety hazard, so his responsibilities were scaled back. Eventually, he was laid off. "They didn't have to keep on a damaged employee who really didn't add a tremendous amount to their work force," Baldwin said. "I acknowledge that. But I felt kind of ashamed." Hydrogen fuel cells join the Army He realized he had to rely on his mind instead of his body to make a living, so he returned to college through a program funded by the Department of Veterans Affairs. Baldwin expects to graduate in May with a degree in political science from Southern Illinois University-Edwardsville. He will begin law school at St. Louis University in August. Every soldier has a military occupational specialty, a skill that requires specific training. Some of these skills -- such as pilot, dentist or mechanic -- have a natural fit in the civilian world. But infantryman often find that their skills are not so easily transferable -- unless they want to be police officers. Chris Cowan, who served in Afghanistan in 2006 and 2007, has been an officer with the Syracuse Police Department in New York for four years. He says it's a job where wartime experience is a valuable skill. "To be a good cop, it helps to be a little paranoid, and infantrymen who have been in combat tend to be a little paranoid," Cowan said. First Published: March 22, 2012: 5:19 AM ET Bill to help unemployed vets passes House For the military, clean energy saves lives Veterans: Dream candidates for MBA recruiters? Home prices Aug 28 Consumer confidence Aug 28 GDP Aug 29 Manufacturing (ISM) Sept 4 Jobs Sept 7 Inflation (CPI) Sept 14 Retail sales Sept 14 Washington celebrates first pot-legal 4/20 The high cost of autism Live texting your surgery 15 of the chunkiest cars on the road Live in a glass-walled home	cc/2019-30/en_head_0043.json.gz/line2413
__label__wiki	0.594503	0.594503	Europe wants big companies to come clean about their taxes by Ivana Kottasova @ivanakottasova February 10, 2016: 8:45 AM ET EU targets tax-avoiding companies Corporate tax loopholes are closing fast. European regulators could soon start forcing big international companies to reveal their earnings and tax bills in each of the 28 European Union countries. The European Commission is considering making it mandatory for multinationals to publicly disclose the country-by-country information in order to clamp down on corporate tax avoidance. The bloc wants to make sure companies pay taxes where they make profits, rather than funnel their earnings through low-tax countries. Previous proposals suggested companies send the details to tax authorities only. The EU executive is finalizing the proposal, looking into its impact on competitiveness. That's because many big companies oppose the idea, saying it would harm their business. Related: End of the road for corporate tax cheats? U.S. officials are critical about Europe's attempts to impose tougher tax rules on some of the biggest American companies. Treasury official Robert Stack called the steps taken by Europe "deeply problematic," and said he was concerned that the European Commission appeared to be specifically targeting U.S. companies. He publicly questioned "basic fairness" of the process, after meeting with top EU officials last month. Related: 'Days are numbered' for tax loopholes The proposal, which should be finalized in March, is the latest attempt from the European Union to crack down on corporate tax avoidance. The European Parliament estimates that up to 70 billion euros ($76 billion) is lost in Europe each year because companies avoid paying taxes using various legal loopholes. Globally, the amount comes to $240 billion per year. EU member states will now be able to charge corporate taxes even if companies transfer their profits elsewhere. That's a common practice for multinational companies operating across Europe. They establish headquarters in low tax countries, such as Ireland or Luxembourg, and then funnel most of their European profits through there. Many big U.S. tech companies have recently found themselves paying more taxes in Europe. Google (GOOG) has agreed to pay £130 million ($185 million) in the U.K. to cover unpaid taxes since 2005, following an audit by British tax authorities. Apple (AAPL) has agreed to pay 318 million euros ($344 million) to Italy for years of unpaid taxes, according to Italian authorities, and Amazon (AMZN) in May agreed to pay more taxes after funneling its sales through Luxembourg's low-tax Grand Duchy. CNNMoney (London) First published February 8, 2016: 11:02 AM ET	cc/2019-30/en_head_0043.json.gz/line2414
__label__wiki	0.808589	0.808589	CNNMoney Sport Fox Sports hires Michael Vick as studio analyst by Ahiza Garcia @ahiza_garcia August 25, 2017: 6:17 PM ET 5 stunning stats about the NFL Fox Sports will feature some new talent this NFL season. The network hired former NFL quarterback Michael Vick, according to a source familiar with the matter. Vick will join Fox Sports' coverage as a studio analyst. The official announcement will come on Sunday during the network's NFL preseason game coverage. Related: Bill Cosby, Jared Fogle and other pitchmen gone bad Vick, a four-time NFL Pro-Bowler, was the first overall pick in the first round of the 2001 NFL draft by the Atlanta Falcons. Over the course of his career he set the record for the most rushing yards by a quarterback -- 6,109 yards. In 2007, Vick was indicted on federal charges for allegedly participating in dog fighting. He eventually pleaded guilty and spent time in prison. In 2009, he was released from prison. He was also released by the Atlanta Falcons. Vick then signed with the Philadelphia Eagles after he was reinstated in the NFL by Commissioner Roger Goodell. Vick managed to re-sign with Nike after the shoe company dropped him because of the conviction. The quarterback signed with the New York Jets in 2014 and then was picked up by the Pittsburgh Steelers in 2015. In June, the Falcons honored Vick with a special retirement ceremony.	cc/2019-30/en_head_0043.json.gz/line2415

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