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Focus on Haiti: Washington's Militarized Takeover
Written by Stephen Lendman Date: January 26, 2010 Subject: Imperialism
Focus on Haiti: Washington's Militarized Takeover - by Stephen Lendman
Haiti is no stranger to adversity and anguish - over 500 years of severe oppression, slavery, despotism, colonization, reparations, embargoes, sanctions, deep poverty, starvation, unrepayable debt, and natural calamities from destructive hurricanes to a dozen magnitude 7.0 or greater Caribbean region earthquakes in the past 500 years. The last major one was in 1946 at 8.1 in the adjacent Dominican Republic, also striking Haiti. Earlier catastrophic ones were in 1751 and 1770, both devastating Port-au-Prince, and the 1842 one destroying Cap-Haitien in the north.
On September 25, 2008, Phoenix Delacroix quoted geologist Patrick Charles of Havana's Geological Institute saying:
"conditions are ripe for major seismic activity in Port-au-Prince. The inhabitants of the Haitian capital need to prepare themselves for an event which will inevitably occur."
Citing a real danger, he explained that the dangerous Enriquillo Fault Zone extends across Port-au-Prince, starting in Petionville, traversing the Southern Peninsula to Tiburon. Noting earlier tremors in the area, he said a larger earthquake usually follows, yet no precautions were taken, leaving Haitians vulnerable to what happened - vast destruction, perhaps hundreds of thousands dead, countless numbers seriously injured, and disease, depravation, and militarized occupation haunting survivors in the aftermath.
After Washington ousted President Jean-Betrand Aristide in February 2004, UN Blue Helmets (MINUSTAH) occupied Haiti as paramilitary enforcers. They still do, subordinate to around 20,000 US land and sea based troops, including Marines, Army 82nd Airborne paratroupers, Navy assault ships, and Coast Guard vessels offshore, a powerful force for indefinite occupation, severe repression, and ruthless exploitation for American interests - obstructing, not providing, humanitarian aid, and facilitating potentially hundreds of thousands of deaths from starvation, dehydration, disease, untreated wounds, trauma, and for some perhaps just giving up and expiring unnoticed, unreported, and uncared about by forces able to help.
It's an old story for Haitians, beleaguered for over 500 years and under America's thumb for nearly two centuries, unrecognized, embargoed, exploited, and slaughtered to assure their freedom is denied. Now again, but first some background.
Occupied Haiti
On April 30, 2004, the UN Security Council authorized MINUSTAH - paramilitary peacekeepers, illegally sent for the first time ever to support a coup d'etat regime in place of a democratically elected president.
Rebel thugs got free reign to join them in the streets, the result being hundreds turned up dead or missing. The state Port-au-Prince morgue was swamped with bodies. Many showed up with their hands tied behind their backs and bags placed over their heads. Ruthlessness was empowered. Orders came from Washington.
Bodies turned up everywhere, in streets, on beaches, abandoned as food for pigs, and anyone connected with Aristide's Fanmi Lavalas party (FL) was fair game.
US Marines and foreign troops arrived, not to deliver aid or for protection, but to intimidate, terrorize, crush resistance, solidify coup d'etat rule, and destroy Haitian democracy under Aristide and prevent any chance of it returning.
MINUSTAH and the reconstituted Haitian National Police (the force Aristide abolished with the army) took over from the initial Multinational Interim Force (MIF), terrorizing Haitians through thousands of political killings, disappearances, torture, and unlawful arrests and incarcerations.
FL was effectively destroyed and Aristide's remarkable accomplishments ended in areas of healthcare, education, free expression, economic and social reforms, human rights and justice, lost under coup d'etat rule and thereafter under the Preval government, a pseudo one subservient to Washington.
In the 2006 presidential and parliamentary elections, he agreed to painful concessions, surrendered his authority, and yielded power to US and elitist Haitian interests - a shameless betrayal of his people.
After the coup and thereafter, episodes like the following were commonplace:
On December 22, 2006, Blue Helmets assaulted Cite Soleil (one of Port-au-Prince's most impoverished communities), randomly shot and killed 30 or more people, supposedly to capture a gang member, but in fact to terrorize.
In an earlier July 6, 2005 incident, hundreds of heavily armed troops attacked Cite Soleil with an array of powerful weapons - high-powered assault ones atop armored personnel carriers, precision rifles for assassinations, and a type of gattling gun firing depleted uranium tipped armor-piercing bullets. Thousands of rounds were indiscriminately fired. About 70 people were murdered, and many were left unattended to bleed to death on streets or in their homes.
On January 23, 2007, MINUSTAH forces were back, open fired randomly for hours, and used helicopters to reign death from the skies, killing dozens, then removing the dead to prevent a body count.
From February 2004 - December 2005 alone, Wayne State University School of Social Work researchers estimated that 8,000 people were murdered and 35,000 women sexually assaulted in the greater Port-au-Prince area - attributed to MINUSTAH, the Haitian National Police (PNH), Haitian demobilized army members, and anti-Aristide paramilitary gangs enlisted to commit terror. Also reported were documented kidnappings, extrajudicial detentions, assaults other than rape, death threats, physical threats, and threats of sexual violence against helpless people. The report concluded that "crime and systematic abuse and human rights were common in Port-au-Prince" involving criminals but also "political actors and UN soldiers."
Today, similar abuses crush resistance, prevent the restoration of democracy, and keep Haitians cowed, abused and exploited. Washington decides their fate, and now the Marines are back along with thousands of combat paratroupers and naval forces (an authorized 20,000 force mostly arrived), not to provide aid, to deny it and perhaps let hundreds of thousands perish - a crime of genocidal proportions, a US specialty, honed and perfected from decades of ritual slaughter, especially against people of color, deemed inferior to American "exceptionalism" and "moral superiority."
Marines came earlier in 1915, stayed 20 years, ravaged the country, destroyed Haitian society and institutions, and committed horrendous crimes against humanity. Most notorious was the infamous 1929 slaughter of 264 peasants protesting in Les Cayes. In addition, corvee or forced labor was employed, brutally exploited, and new weapons tested like today, including aerial bombing years before the Nazis did it against Guernica (in April 1937) in support of Spanish fascists in the country's civil war.
Haiti's Catastrophic Tragedy
After its worst catastrophe in nearly 170 years, millions in the country need everything, not Marines - food, water, medical care, shelter, and deep compassion at their greatest time of need.
Instead, the country is occupied, militarized, denied aid, and taken over for greater exploitation. General Ken Keen, in charge of forces, says US troops will "be here as long as needed," signaling an open-ended commitment for years.
On her January 16 photo-op visit, Secretary of State Hillary Clinton practically announced an emergency decree, suspension of the rule of law, and authorization of curfews and martial law under Pentagon control. She said:
"The decree would give the government an enormous amount of authority, which in practice they would delegate to us," omitting that its choice was do it or else.
Despite the calm and lack of disorder, it's now official under Pentagon command enforcing a state of emergency and martial law. US troops control Port-au-Prince's airport and port facilities, blocking and slowing aid, including relief flights from France, Brazil, Italy and other countries, diverting them to the neighboring Dominican Republic, hours from Port-au-Prince on bad roads. In addition, the Red Cross and Doctors Without Borders report aid flights can't land for fast access to treat the injured, ill and dying. Pentagon troops obstruct them, willfully letting people suffer, die, and be ethnically cleaned from Port-au-Prince areas wanted for new development. More on that below.
According to General Keen:
"If an air traffic controller doesn't know what's on an incoming plane, then he doesn't know what priority to give it."
Military flights in and ones out with US citizens and foreign nationals have top priority. Saving lives don't matter. They're just Haitians, poor, black, unimportant, to be removed, using the earthquake as a pretext to do it, dead or alive.
In natural disasters, immediate aid is critical. After that, casualties multiply fast and in Haiti they're exploding, from a lack of medical supplies and equipment, vital surgeries, infections, diseases, extreme trauma, and inadequate essential to life supplies not let in or delayed. Three million or more Haitians need help. A fraction of that number are getting it. As a result, thousands are dying daily.
Phillippe Bolopion from FRANCE24 TV said supplies are piling up at the airport and not being delivered. Desperate people can't "understand why the generosity of the world isn't getting to them. It's really hard to comprehend."
Radio Television Esponola's (RTVE) Fran Sevilla reported:
"There continues to be no distribution of humanitarian aid, of food and water. I ask myself how all these human beings survive. I ask if anyone is helping them, if they are receiving anything, and the answer is always no. They survive thanks to the solidarity between them, sharing between families and groups of friends what little they have, what they can get."
President Rene Preval is disturbingly absent and silent, reportedly at the airport, out of sight, playing no role in the relief effort - something he should lead, not abstain from, and do it visibly, actively, on the ground in Port-au-Prince, what Aristide would do if there.
Despite the obstacles, some nations are doing what they can, Venezuela for one, a critical Hugo Chavez saying on his weekly Sunday broadcast:
"It seems that the United States is militarily occupying Haiti, taking advantage of the tragedy....Thousands of (soldiers) are disembarking in Haiti as if it were a war. (Haiti) needs doctors, tents, rescue teams and machinery....Now, who said soldiers, rifles and machine guns are necessary?"
Venezuelan and Cuban aid were some of the first to arrive, and Chavez and Castro promise more, including food, water, doctors, medical supplies and rescue equipment, yet Venezuelan Foreign Minister Nicholas Maduro said shipments were diverted to the Dominican Republic, losing precious hours to deliver it to victims.
So far, Venezuela alone has sent fuel, 616 metric tons of food, and 116 metric tons of equipment, including water purification systems, electrical generators and heavy equipment for moving rubble, Chavez saying:
"The Venezuelan people (will do more and) will donate all the fuel the Haitian people need. We are coordinating with the president of the Dominican Republic, Leonel Fernandez, who put the terminal of the refinery of his country at our service."
Chavez later announced that another five ships loaded with food and medical supplies left for Haiti on January 19 with Venezuelan soldiers on board to "protect the safety of everyone, but not to militarily occupy (the country) as the US intends to do."
Venezuela and other ALBA nations (Bolivarian Alliance for the Americas) pledged generous aid, additional shiploads already sent carrying thousands of tons of food and other supplies.
America's Response - Occupation, Not Aid
In a show of strength, US paratroupers took control of the Presidential Palace, symbol of the nation's sovereignty, wanting it for a command center, and angering one Haitian to say:
"I haven't seen the Americans in the streets giving out water and food, but now they come to the palace."
From another:
"It's an occupation. The palace is our power, our face, our pride," now taken, occupied, a deep humiliation while critical needs go begging.
Besides control, security is top priority, never mind how calm, resilient, compassionate, and committed able Haitians are to help, asking no more than for vital supplies to survive at a time they can't provide them on their own. Yet Keen claims:
"incidents of violence (are) imped(ing) our ability to support the (Haitian) government and answer the challenges that this country faces as they're suffering a tragedy of epic proportions," one America exacerbates along with repressive MINUSTAH forces, to be reinforced with thousands of additional troops.
In separate incidents, they fired tear gas and rubber bullets at a crowd close to the Port-au-Prince airport, and Hatian police did as well against civilians in the city center. Another report said police were shooting Haitians and letting them bleed to death in the street.
"We don't need military aid. What we need is food and shelter," shouted one man at UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon during his one-day visit with officials and UN forces, not to assess the tragedy and direct massive aid to address it.
Arriving on January 17, he left the same day, an appalling display of arrogance and indifference. During a photo-op near a tent city, he was heckled by angry crowds demanding help from the international community. Instead he said:
"Coordination will improve as we are better organized. Deliveries are now being made in a more effective and efficient manner."
In fact, they're being obstructed and prevented from landing, and much getting in is stacked at the airport, not delivered or delayed. The result is death, devastation, and human suffering everywhere while Ban, Hillary Clinton and husband Bill come for photo-ops and shameless comments like the former president saying:
"There was an extraordinary amount of time devoted to try and dig through those buildings to try to find living and dead."
If fact, no heavy equipment was delivered. UN and US troops didn't help, and Haitians had to use small implements and their bare hands to rescue a bare handful of people on their own while perhaps hundreds of thousands perished.
At the same time, desperation grows, arousing one woman to say:
"I have been here every day. I heard they gave away some food but there was a riot....we have been on this spot since the day of the earthquake and we have not seen anyone give away anything but water," and not enough.
Another man shouted:
"Have we been abandoned? Where is the food?"
Head of mission of Doctors Without Borders (MSF), Michelle Chouinard, described their enormous challenges:
-- limited supplies of everything;
-- extreme crush injuries, partial amputations and open fractures;
-- people in severe pain with festering wounds;
-- a young man, typical of others, with a traumatic crush injury; he was young and strong, but his leg was dead and had to come off;
-- gangrenous limbs removed to save lives;
-- after surgeries, patients can't go home; they have none and need care - to prevent infections, change dressings and control pain;
-- many amputees and the paralyzed need lifelong care, but from where, by whom, and the numbers are so great it's impossible to help everyone;
-- thousands of children have been orphaned;
-- shocked, traumatized people are everywhere;
-- the number of people needing surgery is overwhelming; teams work under makeshift conditions around the clock with inadequate supplies running out as well as enough fuel for refrigerating medicines; and
-- people are dying and will die without essential treatment, and for the seriously ill, survival depends on leaving Haiti for what's not available internally - but Washington is blocking Haitian citizens from leaving, even parents whose children are US citizens; they can go, not their parents.
Two million or more are homeless, living on streets or, if lucky, in tents. Partners in Health, (with 25 years experience providing healthcare to Haitians), estimates 20,000 are dying daily from lack of surgery and essential treatment. The human tragedy is incalculable. Tens of thousands of bodies get dumped in mass graves like garbage.
MSF's Dr. Greg Elder fears:
"The next health risk could include outbreaks of diarrhea, respiratory tract infections, and other diseases among hundreds of thousands of Haitians living in overcrowded camps with poor or nonexistent sanitation."
On January 20, even The New York Times reported that:
"....people (are) writhing in pain (in squatter camps around the capital), their injuries bound up by relatives but not yet seen by a doctor eight days after the quake struck. On top of that, the many bodies still in the wreckage increase the risk of diseases spreading, especially, experts say, if there is rain."
The Wall Street Journal reported that Port-au-Prince General Hospital is besieged by over 1,000 patients needing surgery. "....thousands of injured, some grievously, wait outside virtually any hospital or clinic, pleading for treatment."
BBC correspondents said aid arriving by sea is taken to the airport, "where it is piling up and not being distributed to those who need it." As a result, most Haitians are getting little or nothing. An estimated two hundred thousand or more have died. Many more will perish for lack of help.
At the same time, MINUSTAH and US forces provide security, not aid, leaving Haitians on their own, at the mercy of what relief agencies can provide and doctors from Cuba, Venezuela and other concerned nations, not America, not the EU, not Canada, not the world's wealthiest states able to mount a sustained, large-scale effort but won't.
Instead, reports say flyers are being circulated throughout Port-au-Prince, telling people to evacuate to safer places. It's reminiscent of New Orleans post-Katrina, a mass ethnic cleansing exodus to level the city's most valued parts, prepare it for upscale development, and prevent poor Haitians from returning.
On January 22, AP reported that:
"Haitian officials are planning a massive relocation of 400,000 people from makeshift camps to the outskirts of the capital....to help residents survive the aftermath of the catastrophic earthquake."
In fact, Pentagon forces run everything, providing aid not their concern. They're relocating people, dumping and forgetting about them, out of sight and mind.
The New York Times ignores it, referring only to aid groups helping the homeless by "an epic relocation (of) up to one million people." Not a word about capitalizing on disaster for profit.
Before the quake, Haiti had over 10,000 NGOs profiteering on the nation's misery, preparing now for a bonanza at the expense of the poor, displaced and immiserated.
Blocking a Haitian Exodus
The Pentagon has Haiti under siege. Five US Coast Guard vessels and Navy warships patrol offshore to interdict those fleeing and forcibly return them back home.
On January 19, cnn.com reported that:
"A US Air Force plane serving as an airborne radio station is broadcasting messages to Haitians (warning) them not to attempt ocean voyages to the United States, saying they will be intercepted and turned back home if they do."
The message comes from Raymond Joseph, Haiti's US ambassador, saying in Creole:
"Listen, don't rush on boats to leave the country. If you do that, we'll all have even worse problems....If you think you will reach the US and all the doors will be wide open to you, that's not at all the case. And they will intercept you right on the water and send you back home where you came from."
If large numbers flee, they'll be incarcerated at Guatanamo's Krome Service Processing Center under conditions others earlier faced. After the 1991 coup deposed President Aristide, thousands fled to America. Most were sent home, but around 300 were held at Guantanamo because tests showed they were HIV positive. In subsequent years, thousands more were interned there.
Conditions were deplorable. Treated like prisoners, they were held behind razor wire in leaky barracks with bad sanitation, poor food, and little medical care even for the sick and pregnant women. After one protest and a hunger strike, crackdowns were severe, and many were imprisoned.
In October 2002, 212 Haitians reached South Florida seeking asylum and safety. Instead, they were rounded up, handcuffed, held in detention, and grossly mistreated. Families were separated from children, husbands from wives, and siblings from each other, but it wasn't an isolated incident under a secret Bush administration policy authorizing what now is the Department of Homeland Security to detain South Florida arrivals, regardless of their asylum eligibility.
It's how Washington always treated Haitians since they began arriving over 50 years ago to escape repression, only to be treated abusively once here.
Today, sick and dying Haitians are denied visas for emergency medical treatment and those with them can't leave. On January 19, the Miami Herald reported that commercial flights from Haiti are banned because checks can't screen out potential terrorists, a policy applying to Haitians, not US citizens or others allowed to depart.
Abducting Haitian Children
Noted international law and human rights expert Professor Francis Boyle reports the following:
"The USA is stealing the alleged 'orphans' of Haiti, taking them away from their families. Haiti is currently being occupied by the United States....Obama basically told Preval he was taking over the country, and Preval said OK -- no choice in the matter" as Washington does what it pleases, especially against defenseless countries like Haiti.
"....the Fourth Geneva Convention applies to this situation. It clearly states in Article 2:
'The Convention shall also apply to all cases of partial or total occupation of the territory of a High Contracting Party, even if the said occupation meets with no armed resistance.' "
Under Fourth Geneva, Haitian "orphans are protected persons under the terms of the (Convention). Hence, they cannot be moved from Haiti for any reason. To do so is a serious war crime."
Boyle added that Defense Secretary Gates said America won't police Haiti. However, under Fourth Geneva, occupying the country and displacing its sitting government (even in weakened form) is precisely what Washington is doing.
On January 19, The New York Times headlined, "53 Haitian Orphans Are Airlifted to US," then explained that some Haitian orphanages "are fronts for traffickers who buy children from their parents and sell them to couples in other countries." Now profiteers are stealing them.
According to UNICEF spokesperson Christopher de Bono:
"In orphanages in Haiti, there are an awful lot of children who are not orphans."
According to UNICEF adviser Jean Luc Legrand, children are also missing from hospitals.
"We have documented around 15 cases of children disappearing from hospitals and not with their own family at the time. UNICEF has been working in Haiti for many years and we knew the problem with the trade of children....that existed beforehand. Unfortunately, many of the....networks have links with the international adoption market."
Fast-track adoptions are proceeding in Belgium, Canada, France, Germany, the Netherlands, Spain, and America.
They're victims of child-traffickers, now aided by Homeland Security's January 18 announced policy of waiving visa requirements on humanitarian grounds for Haitian children approved for adoption, or perhaps abducted to be sold for profit, never to see their parents again or know if they're alive. DHS is facilitating a crime, a practice it's expert at targeting Latino immigrants, including documented US citizens.
Boyle asks who gives "the White Racist United States (the) Divine Right to go around the world (stealing) Black Children from Third World Countries, depriving those children and their countries of their future?"
"The forcible transfer of children of one group (Black Hatians) to another group (White Americans) is genocide under the 1948 Genocide Convention (besides violating Fourth Geneva)."
It may also violate America's "Genocide Implication Act as amended by the Genocide Accountability Act and perhaps the US War Crimes Act."
The White House pressured the Haitian government to comply, forcing it to be complicit in child abductions - trafficking potentially thousands of Haitian children for profit at a time they're most vulnerable.
"Notice the duress and coercion involved here. The Black Haitian government was forced by the White Racist USA to surrender up their Children to White American child thieves," parents complicit in a crime with lawyers helping them who know better but are well paid to stay silent.
Boyle asks:
"Are we American Lawyers going to stand by and let their genocidal thievery of Haitian babies happen? Or are we going to do something to stop it?"
Stephen Lendman is a Research Associate of the Centre for Research on Globalization. He lives in Chicago and can be reached at lendmanstephen@sbcglobal.net.
Also visit his blog site at sjlendman.blogspot.com and listen to the Lendman News Hour on RepublicBroadcasting.org Monday - Friday at 10AM US Central time for cutting-edge discussions with distinguished guests on world and national issues. All programs are archived for easy listening.
http://republicbroadcasting.org/Lendman
1 Comments in Response to Focus on Haiti: Washington's Militarized Takeover
Comment by Lola Flores
Entered on: 1/26/2010 8:16:02 AM
Aye, aye! I couldn't agree more Cap'n!
The US is only interested on what it can reap.
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por | Sep 3, 2019 | Noticias | 0 Comentarios
Orson Charles was placed on injured reserve Thursday.Charles was primarily used on special teams throughout the 2018 campaign, but his season will be shortened to 13 games due to a foot injury.
Copyright 2019 by AP.
Robert Thomas is a nineteen-year-old center who the Blues drafted twentieth overall in last year’s draft.
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Nintendo Switch Lite incompatible games | Which games don’t work on the Switch Lite?
Camden Jones Wednesday, September 18, 2019
Image Source: Nintendo
Nintendo’s un-switchable Switch console, the Nintendo Switch Lite, aims to capture the same portable gaming market formerly occupied by the Nintendo 3DS (though Nintendo President Doug Bowser said the Switch Lite won’t replace the dual-screen handheld). Given the Switch Lite’s handheld-only nature, its added portability comes with some limitations, ditching the versatility of the regular Switch model. This includes a certain amount of games that don’t work on the Switch Lite under normal circumstances. In this Nintendo Switch Lite incompatible games guide, we’ll cover the games you can’t play with your Switch Lite out of the box as well which additional accessories you’ll need in order to play them.
Nintendo Switch Lite | Why don’t certain games work on Switch Lite?
Image Source: Nintendo/1-2-Switch/Amazon
Internally, the regular Nintendo Switch model and the Switch Lite are essentially the same. Games that work on the Switch Lite won’t run any worse or better than they would on the regular Switch. The major differences between the two models come from other hardware changes. The Switch Lite sports a smaller form factor and better battery life than the original Switch model (3 to 7 hours compared to the original Switch’s 2.5 to 6.5 hours), though the HAC-001(-01) new Nintendo Switch model has even better battery life—4.5 to 9 hours.
ALSO: Nintendo Switch Lite is the perfect 3DS successor for kids
What makes games unplayable on the Switch Lite is the fact that it doesn’t include detachable Joy-Cons or a TV dock, meaning it can’t “switch” from handheld to TV mode like the regular model. This means games that rely on the use of motion controls or other Joy-Con features exclusively, such as HD Rumble or the IR motion camera, can’t be played normally on the Switch Lite. The Nintendo Switch Lite does have gyroscope motion controls, however, so actions such as aiming Link’s bow in The Legend of Zelda: Breath of the Wild will still be motion control-compatible.
The good news is that all the incompatible Switch Lite games can still be played on the portable console if you own an extra set of Joy-Cons. If you purchase Joy-Cons separately, you’ll be able to connect them to the console and play as you would in the Switch’s tabletop mode. Unfortunately, it’s not quite that simple: Since the Switch Lite has nowhere to attach Joy-Cons for charging, you’ll also have to purchase a charging device for them, such as a charging tower or Nintendo’s Joy-Con Charging Grip. The Switch Lite also does not come with a kickstand like the normal Switch, so if you’re playing in tabletop mode, you’ll have to either play with the Switch Lite flat on the table or prop it up somehow. On top of that, it could end up being quite the struggle to play a motion-controlled game—especially a multiplayer one—standing several feet away from a 5.5-inch screen. As of now, there’s no way to connect the Switch Lite to a TV (such as with some kind of HDMI adapter device), so Joy-Con play with the Switch Lite is restricted exclusively to this potentially awkward tabletop mode.
Nintendo Switch Lite | How to tell if a game is compatible
While the games listed in the next section are the only known games as of writing that don’t work with the Switch Lite, more motion control-heavy games are bound to be released in the future. If you own a Switch Lite and want to avoid accidentally picking up a game it doesn’t natively support, turn your attention to the “Play Mode” section on the back of every Switch game box. You’ll see three icons indicating TV mode, tabletop mode, and handheld mode. Games that don’t support handheld play, and therefore don’t support the Switch Lite without extra controllers, will have the handheld icon grayed out, as seen in the top-left corner of the image below.
Nintendo Switch Lite | List of incompatible games
Unsurprisingly, every game that’s incompatible with the Nintendo Switch Lite relies heavily on the Joy-Cons in one way or another. These first few games are not compatible because they are largely motion control-based, or otherwise require the use of Joy-Cons for play:
Again, connecting an extra set of Joy-Cons to the Switch Lite makes playing these games possible (if only a bit awkwardly). This includes Ring Fit Adventure, which requires players to connect a Joy-Con to the new Ring-Con peripheral in order to play. These next few games, however, feature some peripherals that are not compatible with the Switch Lite at all due to their unique interfacing requirements.
Nintendo Labo Toy-Con 01: Variety Kit
Nintendo Labo Toy-Con 02: Robot Kit
Nintendo Labo Toy-Con 03: Vehicle Kit
Nintendo Labo Toy-Con 04: VR Kit (both full set and Starter Set + Blaster)
These Nintendo Labo Kits pose a particular problem for the Switch Lite that can’t be solved with additional Joy-Cons. Many of these kits (the VR Kit, the Variety Kit’s piano, etc.) require inserting the Switch’s detachable screen itself into a cardboard peripheral. Since the Switch Lite is smaller than the normal Switch, it simply won’t fit properly into several of the Toy-Cons as intended. This also means a few optional VR modes in first-party Nintendo games, like Captain Toad: Treasure Tracker and Super Mario Odyssey, won’t be playable.
The Nintendo Switch Lite releases on Sept. 20. If you’re reading this before then, check out our Nintendo Switch Lite preorder guide to learn about all the available colors and limited editions of the system.
Tags: nintendo, nintendo switch, Nintendo Switch Lite, Switch
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Detroit Auto Show 2018: Winners, runners-up and the biggest tech news from the show floor
Mild-hybrids arrive from Mercedes and Dodge, as Ford goes all-in on electric
Where CES is mostly focused on far-out concepts without steering wheels, the Detroit Auto Show remains rooted in the here-and-now. That means a show floor where, for the most part, SUVs, trucks and perhaps the occasional hybrid usurp the self-driving concepts and artificially-intelligent prototypes of CES.
Read More: CES 2018 reveals the future of the car - here is everything you need to know
The winners were announced at the show opened on January 15NAIAS
Here are some of the technological highlights of Detroit 2018
Ford goes all-in on electrification (again)
Having previously earmarked $4.5 billion to invest in hybrid and electric vehicle development by 2020, Ford has bumped that to $11 billion by 2022.
That extra cash will go towards a global initiative to place no fewer than 40 hybrid and fully-electric vehicles into the company's lineup over the next five years. Of those, Ford says 16 will be fully electric, with the rest plug-in hybrids.
Unlike the approach taken by BMW — where its electric i3 and hybrid i8 are built on entirely new platforms — Ford wants to build electrified versions of cars which are already popular.
"We're all in on this and we're taking our mainstream vehicles, our most iconic vehicles, and we're electrifying them," the company said, adding: "If we want to be successful with electrification, we have to do it with vehicles that are already popular."
Spending $11 billion might sound like a lot. But consider rival Volkswagen, which said in late 2017 that it will be investing $40 billion into electric cars, autonomous technology and mobility services between now and the end of 2022.
Ford teases an electric SUV called the Mach 1
Ford also used the Detroit show to tease an upcoming electric SUV — dubbed the Mach 1 — set for release in 2020. The Mach 1 name, more commonly associated with the Mustang, suggests Ford will incorporate its performance car's heritage with the new electric offering — a car likely to rival the Tesla Model X.
Mercedes launches new performance hybrid range
The Mercedes CLS53 features a mild-hybrid engine from AMGDaimler
The Mercedes-AMG badge is synonymous with V8-powered sedans that hit top speeds of 155mph, alongside thunderous exhaust notes. In Detroit, Mercedes revealed three mild-hybrid additions to the AMG range. These are the CLS53, E53 Coupe and E53 Cabriolet.
"With the new 53-series models, we are extending our portfolio in the first step towards a hybridized future," said AMG chairman Tobias Moers.
The new engine is a 3.0-liter, six-cylinder unit with twin turbocharging from both a conventional exhaust gas turbocharger and — here's where the mild hybrid tech comes in — a 48 volt electric compressor. That extra component delivers an additional 21bhp and 184 lb-ft of torque when accelerating from standstill. Expect to see this in more AMG models soon.
Besides providing extra power, the mild hybrid system lets the car coast with the engine off for short periods of gentle cruising. Doing so lowers emissions, while boosting the car's economy. Mercedes says the engine's restarting when you press the accelerator is "virtually imperceptible."
Mild-hybrid tech also comes to the Dodge Ram pickup truck
The new Dodge Ram has a 12-inch touchscreen displayDodge
Both the 2019 Dodge Ram's V6 and V8 engines — set for the first mass-production hybrid pickup truck — benefit from a small hybrid boost in power of 90 lb-ft and 130 lb-ft of torque respectively. The extra power is fed from a 48V battery to the powertrain through the engine's drive belts.
And, as with the Mercedes above, this is a kind of hybrid vehicle which cannot be plugged in — instead, power is restored to the battery during regenerative braking. Inside, the Ram gets a huge 12-inch portrait touch screen in the middle of the dashboard.
Acura/Honda shows off Insight hybrid prototype to rival the Toyota Prius
Labeled a prototype for now, the Insight will likely go on sale soonHonda
Before every Californian bought a Toyota Prius, the Honda Insight was the first hybrid production car to go on sale in the U.S., back in 1999. But poor sales left it floundering behind the Prius and the car was taken out of production. Now, though, Honda and its U.S. brand Acura is back with the 2018 Insight, revealed in prototype form at Detroit this week.
But unlike those glitzy prototypes at CES last week, this one appears close to production-ready, and will likely go on sale this year or next to take on the Prius once again.
New Mercedes G-Class SUV shrouds high-tech cabin with boxy Seventies body
Arnold Schwarzenegger helps launch the new G-ClassDaimler
You'd be mistaken for thinking the new G-Class was something of a relic — but Mercedes claims it shares just three components with its predecessor. Although little has changed on the outside since the 1979 original, the latest G-Class' interior takes a giant leap forward thanks to a dashboard consisting of two, 12.3-inch displays, controlled by a rotary dial and laptop-style touchpad.
The G-Class remains firmly a fossil-burner for now, but none other than Arnold Schwarzenegger was on hand at the launch to ask Daimler boss Dieter Zetsche about the potential for an electric G-Class, to which he replied: "Last year we said we would electrify the whole Mercedes portfolio. Stay tuned."
Two huge screens make up the G-Class' dashboardDaimler
Lexus LF-1 Limitless Concept is a flagship crossover of the future
Only a concept for now — and not intended for mass production — the LF-1 Limitless shows how Lexus and parent company Toyota is working to produce cars compatible with various powertrains. This concept is designed to work with a hydrogen fuel cell, or a hybrid electric, plug-in hybrid electric, or entirely electric platform.
The LF1-Limitless is an example of one vehicle offering multiple powertrain optionsLexus
In true concept-speak, Lexus says the satellite navigation is "four dimensional," which means it can "act as a concierge, anticipating the needs of the driver and passengers based on the progress made, traffic and road conditions...suggesting fuel stops, rest breaks and restaurants." Lexus says it will even make hotel reservations for you, apparently.
Here are also the winner and runners-up for the Detroit auto show's car, SUV and truck of the year competition:
Detroit Auto Show Car of The Year 2018
Winner:
Runners-up:
Detroit Auto Show SUV of The Year 2018
Detroit Auto Show Truck of The Year 2018
It is worth noting that the Honda Accord, Toyota Camry, Volvo XC60 and Honda Odyssey can all be bought with a hybrid drivetrain, although none of these vehicles are fully electric like last year's winner of Best Car, the Chevrolet Bolt.
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Video of busy Prospect Park Restaurant in Houston goes viral
By Matthew Seedorff
Houston residents not waiting for permission to resume nightlife activities
FOX 26 Reporter Matt Seedorff spoke with a woman who posted video on social media of several people ignoring social distancing at a Houston restaurant.
HOUSTON - New cellphone video taken from inside Houston’s Prospect Park Restaurant is starting a conversation on social media.
The video shows dozens of people enjoying drinks and smoking hookah inside the business late Wednesday night. According to some online, they’re disappointed that many of the customers didn’t appear to be social distancing or wearing masks.
“It didn’t feel like we were in the middle of a pandemic at all,” said Paris Simone.
Simone recorded the trending video with her cellphone. Despite what some are saying online, she says she felt safe and would return to the restaurant for business. However, she says she took the video because she was surprised to see so many people.
“When you add alcohol, you kind of forget those safety guidelines in place,” said Simone. “You think, wow. This feels like how things used to be pre-COVID-19.”
Video of Prospect Park Restaurant busy with people ignoring social distancing rules and not wearing masks has garnered reaction from several people on social media. CREDIT: PARIS SIMONE
On Wednesday, bar owners and bartenders protested outside the Texas capital building in Austin to push towards re-opening. While restaurants can open to 25 percent capacity, bars and clubs remain closed to prevent spreading Coronavirus COVID-19.
“They’ve had to go through this mental gymnastics of trying to reconfigure the way they operate so they could be able to re-open,” said Texas Governor Greg Abbott. “We will be able to make an announcement on Monday about this.”
Bars and clubs across Texas closed in mid-March because of the pandemic. On Thursday, we interviewed Darren Van Delden. Van Delden owns 12 bars throughout Texas including 77 Degrees in Houston’s Midtown.
“Normally there would be people here right now,” said Van Delden at 77 Degrees. “We just want to turn the lights on. We want to do it responsibly, just like everybody else wants to do.”
According to Van Delden, his company has been forced to lay off 450 employees statewide because of COVID-19’s impact. In addition, he says they’ve lost millions of dollars. Van Delden feels like they can safely open bars.
“There’s a lot of different things that we can do as bar owners, to really make it a safer environment for our customers,” said Van Delden.
“Nobody forced me to leave my house,” said Simone. “Nobody is forcing me to stay home. That’s every individual’s decision.”
Gyms and exercise rooms are able to open on Monday May 18th. Bar and club owners remain hopeful Governor Abbott will add their businesses to the list.
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Theobroma Plans to Expand to the UK
Home / Franchise News
Theobroma, the café, chocolatier and bar franchise, has announced that it will be bringing its range of sweet treats to the UK as part of a wider international growth strategy which will also take place in Singapore, China and India. The UK's store openings have already been lined up in London and Birmingham for October and November.
Theobroma's Operations and Franchise Manager, Wayne Wright, explained that the UK market currently lacked a strong concept in their sector, with no incumbent brands providing a combined coffee, food and chocolate offer. He explained that the Theobroma brand would bring these three things into a single, customer-focused concept.
The brand is currently working in Singapore on a new retail site that will open next year in the Orchard Gardens development and a new master franchise deal has already been completed for Mumbai and New Delhi, where customer demand is rapidly growing.
The businesses in both the UK and Singapore are being managed as joint ventures and a similar set-up for China has already begun to make progress. Wright explained that Theobroma is working hard to get the right partners in place and has focused on selecting these over the last 12 months.
Wright said that the UK's master franchisee is a former Gloria Jean franchisee in Sydney who is looking to return to the UK, while the master franchisee for New Delhi has formerly worked within the Salsa network and will also be opening an Australian store along with one in the Indian capital.
Further expansion in Australia is on track, with Perth's Brookfield Place set to see a new outlet in August and Queensland's first store to be unveiled in October. Outlets will also be opening in Sydney's leading shopping centres – World Square and Castle Towers.
The Theobroma brand launched in 2006 and now has an impressive 27 stores in Malaysia, Australia and New Zealand. The business's development has seen the head office grow from two staff to seven in the past year alone, with recent appointments of full-time Australian and New Zealand field officers. These roles will be in place to serve and develop the existing franchises in these regions.
Wayne Wright will continue to concentrate on the UK's domestic franchise recruitment and manage the brand's expansion overseas. There are exciting opportunities emerging for interested franchisees looking to join the growing Theobroma system.
The speed of the brand's international growth has been remarkable and it's built on solid fundamentals - providing excellent food, beverage and chocolate quality as well as superior customer service from franchisees. The product is right and proven, the brand is rapidly consolidating and increasing market penetration in its current regions and the concept has been enthusiastically adopted by customers. Sites are planned for London and the surrounding regions and there are great opportunities available for skilled and passionate people to join a system that is poised for genuine UK success.
So if you're passionate and enthusiastic about service and customer delivery in the combined food, chocolate and beverage market, then Theobroma could be the franchise for you. The brand now offers an incredible product line of over 100 different chocolates, all made by hand and of boutique quality and including its innovative coloured chocolate range. The stores sell chocolate-drizzled waffles, chocolate desserts and a range of hot and cold drinks, as well as a full food menu and premium beverages.
At FranchiseExpo, we're delighted to read about the success of Theobroma and the potential opportunities on offer to enthusiastic new franchisees. We await further news of the brand's development and successes with great anticipation and applaud their inclusion of franchise-development employees within their head-office function to offer vital support and training for the franchisee network.
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MGM Resorts names Aaron Fischer chief strategy officer
Mar 28, 2017 Newsdesk Industry Talk, Latest News
U.S.-based casino operator MGM Resorts International announced on Monday the appointment of Aaron Fischer (pictured) as chief strategy officer.
Prior to joining MGM Resorts in 2016 as senior vice president of corporate development, Mr Fischer was head of consumer and gaming research at CLSA, a brokerage and investment group based in Hong Kong. During his 17 years as an equity analyst he specialised in emerging gaming markets – including Macau and Japan – and the global luxury goods sector.
MGM Resorts said in its Monday release that Mr Fischer would relocate from Hong Kong – where he was currently based – to the company’s corporate headquarters in Las Vegas, Nevada.
As chief strategy officer, Mr Fischer “will be responsible for leading MGM Resorts’ enterprise-wide strategic planning process to include both a focus on operations and… global development,” the release stated.
It added: “Mr Fischer will play a leading role in communicating the company’s strategy to key partners and stakeholders, including helping to shape the investor relations strategy.”
MGM Resorts is the parent company of Macau-based MGM China Holdings Ltd. The latter firm is currently building its second casino property in Macau: the MGM Cotai casino resort is scheduled to open in the second half of 2017.
MGM Resorts is also interested in bidding for a gaming business in Japan. The company had declared itself a candidate for a Japanese casino gaming licence long before lawmakers in that country passed on December 14 a bill to legalise such business.
Commenting on Mr Fischer’s new appointment, Corey Sanders, chief operating officer of MGM Resorts, said: “The addition of a chief strategy officer will further our ability to deliver strong financial results, drive disciplined growth, and accelerate the achievement of our ongoing performance improvement objectives.”
MGM China no restructure plans amid...
MGM Resorts names Jonathan Halkyard CFO
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Medicare & Reimbursement Advisor Weekly, February 11th, 2009
Medicare & Reimbursement Advisor Weekly, February 11, 2009
Clinical vs. contracting strategy: What works best for new line extensions?
How have manufacturers of the most recent line extension products to hit the market achieved unrestricted access to them, be it a tier-2 position or tier 3, without any step edit or prior authorization? What strategy—clinical or contracting—works best?
The following is one view, suggesting a mixed approach:
Reduce WAC (wholesale acquisition cost), compared to the existing product pricing
Prove that the new product does not extend patent life
Offer incremental discounts on both products
Note: That strategy was shared by a few plans who asked not to be named.
Other plans say line extensions offer little clinical value to a payer, which is why most manufacturers need to take a contracting approach—period, sometimes even to the point where the plan may lose all rebates on the existing product unless the line extension is included, or it may be a reduced rebate on the existing product.
Blocking access: Closed formulary article generates wave of letters
We received more than 30 letters and e-mails, including 13 from plans, in response to the closed formulary article in the February 4 MRAW.
Some managed markets readers say they have shared the article with their contracting folks to help them with forecasting. The idea that closed formularies can extend beyond the plan and change a physician’s behavior across all plans is an important takeaway, which many of you agreed with.
Losing new prescriptions if blocked out of a closed formulary has a kind of sentinel effect, according to some managed care plans, because at the point of clinical decision-making, behavior begins to change. The patient, pharmacist, and physician may file for a coverage determination or perhaps switch to a generic or an on-formulary brand because of messaging at the retail pharmacy, but clearly the brand will lose many new prescriptions.
Paul Lakomski, RPh, MBA, a regional pharmacy director for WellPoint NextRx, agrees to a point. “I agree [with this], although I would not call a [National Drug Code (NDC)] block a sentinel effect. We usually refer to sentinel effect for a product that has an edit on it (like a step or NDC block), even though you most likely will approve the medication, but just knowing there is an edit reduces the number of requests for the drug that most likely would not be approved. Plus, only those that truly need the therapy would apply for one,” he says.
Denied access agreements
Closed formularies create an environment that is difficult for manufacturers and prescribers to navigate.
For example, when manufacturers launch aggressive campaigns to contract for access, there are many plans that won’t entertain access agreements for a period that ranges from six to 12 months. NDC blocks make trial and usage by patients and doctors really difficult in those situations.
When Lakomski was a director at a small plan, he implemented a moratorium period on any new drug. This was actually quite common in hospitals, and many of the P&T physicians had a self-imposed moratorium of six to 12 months on new drugs as well. The reasoning behind this is that clinical trials often do not reveal all of the potential side effects when used in a real-world population, so they did not want to use their patients as guinea pigs. There have been many instances where drugs once on the market have shown severe or even fatal side effects when used in the general population and not under the rigid control and guidance of a clinical trial, Lakomski says, citing Bextra/Vioxx and any of the other recently pulled drugs. This is a safety step.
“For drugs that are truly groundbreaking, there is always a way to get the medication through the appeals process, and this also limits the trial and error uses that could be potentially harmful to the patient,” Lakomski says. “If we are talking about a new therapy that will extend life or significantly alter a disease state, there will be a way for the patient to get the medication. If we are talking about the latest once daily anti-hypertensive with a novel mechanism of action when there are a multitude of options proven not only to reduce blood pressure but reduce morbidity and mortality (which is often not the case for the new entry), an NDC block or moratorium is appropriate.”
Some plans ask why they would take a discount on a short-term basis to allow for the manufacturer to gain leverage. From the plan’s view, manufacturers ought to rely on their clinical studies and product label if they want quick access. Plans also look at demand. If a plan has multiple coverage determinations for a new drug, they are typically more willing to consider a formulary position due to input from the prescriber community.
MRAW is investigating this issue for a follow-up story, and may follow some products that recently launched and about their market uptake. Contact me at bcote@hcpro.com) with questions and your insight regarding this story.
A key point for the industry will be to separate the noise from control. Closed formularies with NDC blocks and step edits have a lot of control, and result in lower plan costs. An open formulary with a lot of communication produces noise, but not much control. Communication could be retrospective formulary change programs designed to move patients from tier 3 agents to tier 2 or generics. These communications (e.g., faxes, letters, coupon programs aimed at doctors or consumers) have a much lower conversion rate compared to a closed formulary, but tend to be perceived as less disruptive. Pharmaceutical manufacturers need tools to determine whether a given plan manages with edits or just noise. Tools may be internal models to look at actual share migration when formulary positions are lost. Manufacturers, if they haven’t already, need to inventory a plan’s ability to move share.
To read the first article in this series, see the February 4 MRAW or contact me for a copy. —BC
Survey snapshot
72% Of managed care plan case managers rate their opinion and influence in formulary decision-making as increased in the past two years, and 55% rate their opinion as carrying “some weight” with clinical directors in the pharmacy or medical division.
Note: This poll was based on 18 preselected case managers, who are part of HCPro’s Managed Care Advisory Board. Interview highlights will be reported in an upcoming issue.
Outlook on special needs plans
Medicare is attempting to change its special needs plans (SNP) to ensure that plans are, in fact, special needs. The agency wants to avoid an osteoarthritis type of plan that existed in the program’s infancy. To do it, CMS now requires 100% of new members into a special needs plan to be people with special healthcare needs. These changes make the SNP model for plans less viable from a business standpoint.
The result is that the remaining SNPs will become much more aggressive in managing these members, a direct response to a withering of profitability. Smaller plans generally lack the infrastructure to case manage every special needs patient, so for plans with fewer than 100 members, it’s likely they may begin to go away or there will be some consolidation.
Do not expect many of the bigger national players to go out acquiring small plans necessarily, unless the plan’s membership fills a geographic and therapeutic niche.
CMS has set up the SNP rules to run through December 2010, but if after this time the government doesn’t reauthorize this and SNPs go away, you may see more consolidation.
Restricting access is getting more difficult. If an SNP or a Medicare Advantage plan restricts a drug, CMS has set up the rules to make it difficult to be creative with utilization management. As an arbitrary, fictional example, consider a drug indicated to treat rheumatoid arthritis and cancer (i.e., Methotrexate.) A Part D plan may only use a prior authorization (PA) for cancer, but since the drug is indicated to treat both diseases, CMS won’t allow a plan to apply an edit such as a PA to just one indication; it can’t be selective and limit a drug for certain indications. This ties a plan’s hands on how to control its costs.
Where is this heading? With the possible choking of creativity on the utilization management (UM) side, some plans see the greater likelihood of a national formulary coming into play in five years. A current indication of that is that some plans are simply having to adopt the same formulary/UM approach as CMS suggests to them for certain classes, if the agency finds that they are a kind of outlier. However, limits on how to apply UM tools certainly appear to be more provider-friendly.
Source: Field reports.
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To Live in Istanbul is A Chance
Falling in love with the land they are lucky. Go off in their minds, to let the roots elsewhere, have no idea as to run away. You will not hear a word from the mouth of the day I get out of here. Every day there they wake up, they breathe the air of the rate and there are grateful for their age. was not born in Istanbul, and I did not grow, but over the years l fell in love with this magnificent city after l came to see sightseeing. In the future that this is where l want to live while l made more decisions in a very young age wish the family vacation always be made in Istanbul. The size of the city, through Europe, from the Asian side, the Bosphorous from one end to one end, go for a ride, ride the ferry, cross the street, lstiklal street, the crowd, the Blue’s dazzling splendor, restaurants, shopping, and a lot of things in me every time it drew itself a little more. Fortunately, After graduating from college l reach Istanbul. Now, the city of my childhood holidays in lstanbul, where live, and my house.
Coming here for vacation in lstanbul certainly not like to live. A big city Millions of people and continuous motion. Traffic pace, working life tempo, tempo while walking on the street on the road, then you leave yourself to the fast flow of the city. You’re now a part of the speed ou are not tired, but not tired at all, none of these lands. lstanbul can not get enough. Because it is not ordinary. Every minute is different. Surprises abound. Each contains a different mix of stories from each other Asian different Europe is different. Islands, Balat, Bebek, Beykoz are all different…
So far as my job as well as form why l’ve traveled the world a lot. I’ve been in hundreds of cities large and small. Lived for a time in some of them. Some of them said I live here, this is very nice. But I feel I’m in over with Istanbul did not feel any of the deep emotions.
Living in Istanbul as part of a complete mosaic. For thousands of years we’re talking about a city that has hosted many civilizations The world’s capital of lstanbul. Located at the confluence of three continents, the only city on two continents geography. Gushing from the ground from the earth there’s a piece of history in this city every civilization. Both the east and west. Both the city and also very stable very quickly. Life throat and down fast, but when you look at a so slow. Both incredibly modern, as well as time has stopped in this city thousands of years ago All of these dilemmas have formed the fabric of Istanbul today New interior is teeming with old, it is another transition. That’s why one of the most diverse cities in the world Istanbul. Take the time you spend for sightseeing in Istanbul’s never enough. Because Istanbul is not finished. Each day offers something new to discover every minute. Here in Istanbul which it is the most beautiful. Never not to be bored. Constantly something new to feed the soul. That’s why the most important poets, artists, this magical city has been the subject of both inspired and works to the authors Istanbul of religion, language and culture is a meeting point to come together. With mosques, churches and synagogues are side by side The cultural abundance is also reflected in The kitchen. Many kinds of flavors of the region are found in the restaurants in lstanbul.
That’s why I’m lucky because I ve here and I love this city. Teaches me something every day, inspire, nourish me, l admired the beauty of living in a city.
by GÜRHAN KARA
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Home > Panda Channel > News & Titbits > News > Panda Cubs Born in 2019 Meet with the Public
Panda Cubs Born in 2019 Meet with the Public
Seven panda cubs born in 2019 at Chengdu Research Base of Giant Panda Breeding (Panda Base) made their first public show on Sept. 24, just a week ahead of the 70th anniversary of PRC, which falls on Oct.1.
The cubs, under the care of their keepers, were greeted by crowds of visitors when they made appearance in outdoor space.
Among the cubs were Chenglang, weighing 42.8 grams at birth, and the pigeon pair each weighing over 200 grams at birth, signifying new world records in terms of birth weight. All of the three "record holders" are in very good conditions now.
First two Chinese panda babies born in German zoo
The six-year-old giant panda Meng Meng, sent by China to Germany in 2017 together with male panda Jiao Qing, gave birth to twin panda cubs, the first-ever panda cubs born in Germany, Zoo Berlin announced Monday morning.
Exhibition Marking Panda Discovery Held in Paris
An exhibition to celebrate the 150th anniversary of the “discovery” of the giant panda, Panda Embraces World, co-organized by Chengdu Research Base of Giant Panda Breeding (Chengdu Panda Base) and MUSÉUM NATIONAL D’HISTOIRE NATURELLE (French National Museum of History and Nature), was launched in Paris, France on Sept. 5, local time.
Giant Pandas in Chengdu Receive Dental Examination
Giant pandas must take good care of their teeth, eating bamboo as the staple food, which is hard to bite and chew and wears off the teeth a lot in the process, and that’s why Chengdu Research Base of Giant Panda Breeding (Panda Base) invited Dr. Cedric Tutt to have a dental examination on the giant pandas.
Ahead-of-time Booking Needed for Admission to Panda Base During National Day Holidays
Chengdu Research Base of Giant Panda Breeding (the Panda Base) has announced the policy of tourist limit for the coming National Day holidays during the period of Oct. 1-7.
Chengdu panda base to limit visitors during National Day holiday
The move is aimed at preventing the base from overcrowding.
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How He Hit That: Justin Rose's high-drawing long irons at Congressional
By Matthew Rudy
Congressional played long and hard for the Quicken Loans National, which meant that the winner needed to get the same out of his irons. Justin Rose put on an approach-shot clinic from 199-229 yards, hitting five out of six greens and averaging 27 feet from the hole -- six feet better than the tour average from that distance. On the 11th hole Sunday, he drew a 5-iron to five feet from 209 yards, setting up a birdie that would give him the lead at five under.
"On U.S. Open-type courses like Congressional, you have to be able to hit those shots hard and high, and shape them to get at pins," says Lukas McNair, a senior instructor at the Hank Haney Vista Ridge location outside Dallas. "On that shot at 11, Justin hit the exact shot that was called for -- a high draw that used the slope."
The one shot Rose did miss from that yardage could have been costly. He tried to thread a 4-iron between tree branches from 209 yards on the 18th hole and overcooked it, drawing the ball into the water protecting the green. But he got up and down for a good bogey, and won with a par putt on his first playoff hole against Shawn Stefani.
"There's no shortcut on those shots," McNair says. "You have to have a lot of clubhead speed and good technique. The club has to be coming down both in front of you and from the inside. Even good amateur players struggle to hit a high draw with longer irons because the tendency is to get the club stuck behind them with the right wrist bent back too much. You can hit a draw that way, but it will come out low and hot. It's better to flatten the wrist out a bit on the way down and square up on the ball through impact."
Follow @RudyWriter
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Players Championship 2017: Adam Scott had no business making birdie from here
PONTE VEDRA BEACH, Fla. -- The breeze picked up at TPC Sawgrass on Thursday afternoon, making scoring tougher for the later wave of players. Adam Scott had no such troubles, though. Not even when he hit an errant shot.
Scott appeared in trouble when his drive on the par-4 15th ended up right of the fairway bunker. He was in thick rough and had trees in front of him, but he had an opening for a punch shot. A very small opening. And when you're hot, you're hot. Check out this recovery that seemed to go through the trees (they're 90 percent air, right?) and wind up about 10 feet from the hole:
As you can see, Scott converted the putt for one of the more unlikely birdies of the day to grab the early lead at the Players. This, coming on the heels of the Aussie draining a 44 footer from off the green on No. 14.
But the 2004 Players champ cooled off (like so many do) on the par-3 17th when his tee shot -- right after Sergio Garcia's ace -- found the water. Scott made double bogey and then finished with another double bogey after finding the water on 18 with his second shot.
"The putter's been feeling okay, it's really been my ball striking that's dragged me down this year -- except at the Masters -- and I played really good today, solid, until just the last couple of holes," said Scott, who shot a two-under-par 70. "But really I'm only disappointed with my wedge shot into 17, that's the only one I would really like to have back. Dump it further up in the green and hit it a bit more solid and it might have been a different story at 18."
RELATED: Sergio Garcia makes ace on 17, sends booze to the media center
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Tiger Woods DUI: Police release photos of Tiger Woods’ car
A day after Tiger Woods’ DUI police report was released indicating damage to the 14-time major champ’s black Mercedes, authorities made photos of the vehicle public. According to the report, Woods’ car had minor damage to the bumpers and rims. The passenger rear tail light was out and both tires on the driver’s side were flat.
RELATED: Tiger Woods' legal road ahead
The photos could wind up making a difference in how Woods is prosecuted. With his lack of a criminal record, Woods could be eligible for a local first-time DUI offenders program that could lesson his charge from DUI to reckless driving and cause him to avoid jail time. However, Woods could lose that legal option if it’s determined he was in a crash.
All photos were provided by the Florida Highway Patrol.
Woods was arrested at 2:03 a.m on Monday, booked at 7:18 a.m. and released at 10:50 a.m. He issued an apology that night in which he stated “alcohol was not involved.” That was backed up by the police report that said his blood-alcohol level was .000, however, the report also said Woods was found asleep at the wheel while partially blocking the right lane. He was unaware of where he was and failed several sobriety field tests.
Woods told police he takes four medications, including Vicodin. He is currently recovering from undergoing a fourth back surgery in late April.
Police are also expected to release dashcam footage of the arrest. Woods' arraignment is scheduled for July 5 at 8:30 a.m.
RELATED: Tiger Woods' sad mug shot goes viral
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HealthyDiningFinder
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Fit Food Spotlight: Chia Seeds
Taste of Health / By Danielle Gaffen
Healthy Dining dietitian, Kathleen Papandrea, talks about what chia seeds are, and how to include them in a healthy diet for fitness.
By Kathleen Papandrea, RD
Chia seeds, a current superstar on the superfood circuit, come from a plant known as Salvia hispanica, which is a desert plant and a member of the mint family. Chia seeds were a staple food in the Americas during the pre-Columbian era, as they were an important part of the diet of Aztec and Mayan warriors and soldiers.
The word Chia means “strength,” and this tiny seed packs a powerful nutritional punch into a very small serving. The seeds provide an excellent source of omega-3 fatty acids as well as an excellent source of fiber at 10 grams per ounce (about 2 tablespoons). They also contain protein and a wealth of minerals, including iron, calcium, magnesium and zinc. While more research is needed regarding the long-term health benefits of consuming chia seeds, emerging studies suggest that including these seeds as part of a healthy diet may help improve cardiovascular risk factors.
Having chia a few minutes before a long, intense workout can help provide extended fuel. Eating them after a workout can provide tissue repairing protein. For extra stamina, you can even use chia during other activities, such as hiking and bicycling, as these seeds are a great source of complex carbs.
Chia seeds can be found in many health food stores as well as some grocery stores. When used in cooking, chia seeds have a thickening effect and can add more substance and nutrition to a dish. They have a subtle flavor and can basically be used just like a supplement: try swirling them into a smoothie, adding them to yogurt, or sprinkling them atop oatmeal to enjoy all of their healthful benefits!
Nuts and seeds like chia seeds can be a great addition to your healthy diet, and with so many varieties, there’s something for every taste.
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Category: Breeland Speaks Jersey
Though initial reports indicated that lester strode would be leaving
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The then recalled the player to participate in their final preseason contest Saturday, a 1 loss to Chicago.He can check wide receivers and tight ends in the slot or man the deep middle as a pure center fielder in a single-high-safety defense.The demand for the cookies was intensified by praise from two of its biggest fans: General Mills home economist Marjorie Husted, a.k.a.Played in five games , with two tackles on defense and two on special teams.Carmelo Anthony, DeMarcus Cousins Named Players Of Week Jan 13 3 PM Carmelo Anthony and DeMarcus Cousins have been named NBA Eastern and Western Conference Players of the Week, respectively, for games played Monday, Jan.There is nothing you or anyone can do.
I could see him wanting a starting opportunity down the road and will likely look at options elsewhere before signing here.In a latest post, they informed that he is demonstrating a positive trend in weight gain and his attitude and behavior seem to indicate an increased confidence as he navigates the fjords of Norway.The Cowboys were held to just 3 yards per pass play and no gains of Breeland Speaks Jersey 20 or more yards.His winning streak is the longest by a pitcher in one year since Rube Marquard began 19 for the 1912 New York Giants.This bench would also look into issues of entry of women into mosques and entry of Parsi women who marry outside the community into its fire temple.
The NIA considers Nashidul Hamzafar to be a goldmine of information since he is the first active terrorist with key links to the 2016 episode when 21 youths from Kerala went missing to join IS.After the game, the town threw a dinner and reception, the King appropriately seated at the head table.Offensive Helper: With two offensive linemen on the injury report, Lewis also will play an important role in blocking against the 11th-best defense this Sunday.Fed up with the high cost of living http://www.49ersfootballshoponline.com/dante-pettis-womens-youth-jersey and ongoing protests, and fearful of an Authentic Youth Dante Pettis Jersey authoritarian crackdown by the powers that be in Beijing, many Hong Kongers are mulling over a move abroad to places such as Australia, Canada, the US and UK.Playing middle linebacker on a team like this with some really good football players, that’s a really challenging position to be in, especially a team and from the leadership on down, there are some high-profile former linebackers on this team, so he has a lot of expectations, but really, really pleased with his development and we have always been a developmental staff.Earned AFC Defensive Player of the Week for his two-INT, one TD performance in playoff-clinching win Dec.
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Categories: Breeland Speaks Jersey
Tags: Authentic Youth Dante Pettis Jersey Breeland Speaks Jersey
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A wooden house with authentic charm
Justwords 16 Luty, 2017 23:00
Stworzony: 10 Luty, 2017
A farmhouse sitting on a parcel of greenery, amidst meadows, farmland and acres of scenic beauty – that is a dream that many of us secretly nurture. With that kind of a dream, comes the promise of all things rustic, as these home owners found out when they were given this barn-style Scandinavian design home. This wooden family home has been designed by the architects at Mullers Buro at Berlin. Catch a glimpse of this charming space with its well-designed quarters.
Barn meets chalet
Müllers Büro
The facade of the home is a charming one that brings in many schools of design, despite its simple look. The white planks have been borrowed from a barn while the windows speak of the chalet-style design. The rendition of the simple lines points at the Scandinavian school of style and the overall structure is one that adheres to the lush countryside style that we all crave. A simple fence stands on guard and basks in the glory of the pretty white home.
Charm personified
The backyard showcases a charming personality. The white shutters on the vertical white planks create a tasteful effect with the white on white rule that many designers follow in order to create an embossed and lasting impression. The chalet-like rooftop and the well-manicured greenery invites you to bask in the glorious sunshine for a while.
Pretty patterns
The entryway of the home is a pristine and neat white space, which creates an expansive look. This feeling of largesse meets you squarely in the eye and takes over your senses as you enter the home. A colonial style table sits in one corner while the green and white pattern on the tiled floor makes it all come alive in a very soothing manner.
Playful staircase
The staircase of the home does a quirky take on the concept of the grand and sweeping staircase. The wooden and white structure has old school baseball-style railings with windows set on the mezzanine so that natural light floods into the area to play up the white walls. White wooden panelling sits discreetly on the side as you use the stairs.
Cottage-style dining room
The architects have ensured that natural light follows you no matter which part of the home you may be in. The glass doors and windows with the simple white lattice and the white overhead beams create a bright and airy look. The cottage look is also kept alive with the simple barn-style dining table and the black chairs as well as the bench against one window. Greenery and a wooden bureau with a cage on top point at simple rustic pleasures.
Compact kitchen
One would have expected the kitchen of this space to be a huge and highly cluttered area. But the designers have maintained a neat and compact look by putting it all against one wall of wood and copper.
Let's take a tour of another awe-inspiring house - The rustic home in the country you've always wanted!
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Deadly hawk's view of hunting shows how it outwits prey to make grizzly catches
A goshawk with a headcam shows how it searches for prey.
By Martha Henriques
November 16, 2016 10:23 GMT
Birds of prey fitted with cameras show how they search for their prey with random head movements to try to outwit hiding creatures below.
The birds would turn their head at unpredictable points in a similar manner observed in primates, they found. The research is published in The Auk: Ornithological Advances.
Shinta the goshawk wearing a lightweight headcam Robert Musters
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Goshawk headcam
Suzanne Amador Kane of Haverford College in the US worked with falconer Robert Musters to fit a goshawk with a cap with a tiny camera. Musters was able to take advantage of the fact that the bird is used to having a hood over its head.
"He was able to adapt the hoods to very light-weight fibreglass eye openings," Kane told IBTimes UK. Falconers use hoods over the birds' heads to keep them calm while they are being transported.
Shinta's every movement
The goshawk – called Shinta – allowed the researchers to study its behaviour while walking on the ground, flying or being led by the falconer on his fist. They also used footage from libraries of footage collected from other hunting birds. They found the same behaviour in Shinta and in the archive footage.
"Instead of having regular probability of switching, sometimes the changes in gaze were distributed randomly," says Kane. This element of randomness is a great help to predators, as it makes prey unable to predict when they're likely to look in a different direction, she says. If the movement was regular then the prey animal would be able to anticipate the change of gaze.
Shinta shows off her hi-tech head gear Robert Musters
Outwitting prey
"It's a compromise – think of old time movies. They'd have a hero and a villain dodging around a table. If you don't know what side they're going to turn or when, then you don't know whether to run one way or the other."
Kane also found that the motions were not completely random. "The raptor is also taking in information from its environment in a steady stream and using that info constantly updating whether to change its direction of gaze," she says.
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Republic Services Wins Clean Fuels Award
June 4, 2015 • by Staff
Photo courtesy of Republic Services.
Republic Services’ fleet in Baton Rouge, La., has been awarded Louisiana Clean Fuels’ Fleet of the Year Award, the waste management company announced. Republic's Baton Rouge collection company, BFI Waste Services, LLC, received the award for its compressed natural gas (CNG) fleet expansion and petroleum reductions in 2014.
Republic launched 42 CNG-powered collection trucks and installed a new natural gas fueling station to support its Baton Rouge fleet in 2014. Republic plans to deploy 18 additional CNG trucks in the fleet this summer, according to the company.
The carbon emissions reduction benefits from Republic's CNG fleet in Baton Rouge is expected by the end of the summer to be equivalent to planting more than 36,000 mature trees annually, according to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).
Republic Services operates a fleet of more than 2,200 CNG vehicles and 36 natural gas fueling stations nationwide. Republic's CNG fleet helps to save roughly 18 million gallons of diesel fuel annually, and it is the operator of the eighth-largest vocational fleet in the U.S., according to the company.
The company’s Baton Rouge fleet employs 215 people and operates 110 collection routes each day. It serves more than 167,000 residential and 4,100 commercial customers throughout the region.
Read more about Clean Cities Republic Services Louisiana CNG Refuse Fleets Awards
Geotab Launches EV Solution to Help Utilities Address Charging Challenges
Lordstown Motors Establishes Nationwide EV Service Network
Electrify America Launches B2B Charging Solutions
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Valvoline Extends Drain Intervals for Diesel, Natural Gas Engines with New Oil
Valvoline’s latest premium engine oil not only works in diesel, natural gas, and gasoline engines; it also provides extended oil drain intervals for diesel and natural gas vehicles.
Shell Announces New Oil Formulated for Natural Gas Engines
At a conference at Texas A&M University's Transportation Technology Institute, Shell also introduced a newly-blended 0W/30 engine oil designed for fleets operating in harsh winter climates.
The Challenge of Migrating from Diesel to Electric
Thinking of going electric? There's more to worry about than the price of the trucks and the weight of the batteries.
Report Clears EPA 2017 Glider-Emissions Study
An audit by the Environmental Protection Agency’s independent Office of the Inspector General says the agency's testing of glider kit emissions, which found they produced significantly more emissions than new vehicles, “complied with standard practices.”
The Colorful 100-Year History of Cummins
Cummins has turned 100 years old this year, a rarity in any industry, and a journey back through its ten decades reveals a colorful history.
Alternative Powertrain Options Added to FCCC Chassis Models
Freightliner Custom Chassis Corporation has added new powertrain options for its chassis lineup including new propane, compressed natural gas and traditional diesel engines.
EPA Aims to Cut NOx Emissions from Heavy-Duty Trucks
Seemingly acting out of character, the Environmental Protection Agency on Nov. 13 announced it will launch a rulemaking to further cut the emission of nitrogen oxide from diesel-powered heavy-duty trucks.
China Pushes to Ban Sale of Gasoline, Diesel Vehicles
China is setting a deadline for automakers to end the sale of fossil-fuel powered vehicles as the country looks to reduce oil consumption and pollution and push for the development of electric vehicles. Regulators are working on a timetable for the ban.
FCA to Restart Sales of Diesel Ram 1500
Fiat Chrysler can begin selling diesel-powered versions of its 2017 Ram 1500 and Jeep Grand Cherokee vehicles, after receiving approval from state and federal environmental regulators.
Clean Diesel Trucks Make up 30% of Commercial Vehicles in U.S.
Clean diesel truck engines and emissions control systems now make up on average 30% of all heavy-duty commercial vehicles in operation in the U.S. as a result of adoption by fleets over the past five years, according to a recent report commissioned by the Diesel Technology Forum.
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Ambri Is Still Alive and Chasing Its Liquid Metal Battery Dreams
The exotic long-duration startup has adopted a more cautious approach following several product delays.
Julian Spector August 03, 2018
Ambri is still alive with a new battery chemistry.
Among the ranks of lithium-ion alternatives these days, simply staying alive counts as above average.
Ambri, the liquid metal battery startup spun out of MIT materials research, has achieved that distinction with flying colors. After halting commercialization to address a technical problem with the seals on its high-temperature battery cells, the company started afresh with a new, lower-cost chemistry.
A year and a half has passed, and Ambri recently received funding from existing investors based on its demonstration of initial progress, said Chief Commercial Officer Adam Briggs, though he wouldn’t specify who invested or how much.
That money is the first commitment of a round intended to carry the company to commercial deployment. Previously Ambri had raised more than $50 million in venture capital from investors KLP Enterprises, the family office of Karen Pritzker and Michael Vlock, Building Insurance Bern, Khosla Ventures, Bill Gates and French energy giant Total.
Some of the new funds will support hiring staff.
The company brought in a new executive chairman, Dan Leff, to lead the company; he has served at several cleantech enterprises, including storage and software company Viridity Energy. CEO Phil Giudice is retiring — not because of any performance-related issues, Briggs noted, but to spend more time with his family.
Briggs himself joined in July from NEC Energy Solutions, where he held the CCO role.
Ambri also has begun pursuing partnerships with developers and integrators to vet the batteries’ performance when they become available. Such partnerships are crucial for tech startups that need to find bankable names to stand behind battery performance guarantees.
If Ambri has learned anything from its earlier misadventures, it’s to avoid making overly optimistic commitments on production schedule and battery performance.
The company pledged in a 2016 interview with GTM that it would deploy 500 kilowatt-hour systems with customers in 2018. That’s not going to happen, but the company now is aiming to ship its 10-foot cube commercial units in 2020 for proof-of-concept field deployments.
The delay isn’t necessarily a bad thing for the company, as it gives the market time to open up for longer-duration batteries. Recent storage projects have gravitated toward the 4-hour mark; Ambri is shooting for economical operations from 4 to 12 hours of duration, Briggs said.
Tech startups like Ambri have to break through the chicken-and-egg problem: Customers aren’t buying longer-duration storage because there hasn’t been much available, and the few companies making it have trouble selling because so few are buying it.
Demand for batteries that last longer than conventional lithium-ion will pick up once well-priced options exist, Briggs argued.
“People are limiting the duration that they’re asking for because they realize asking for greater would push the economics into a difficult spot,” he said. “But there are lots of applications where if they could have gotten longer-duration for the same money or less, they would have done it.”
The extended period of R&D has given Ambri time to see how the lithium-ion market has evolved. Prices over the last decade have fallen faster than almost anyone predicted, which has bedeviled those startups that hoped to undercut the conventional product by using cheaper alternative chemistries.
When Ambri got started, the lithium-ion price point to beat was around $1,000 per kilowatt-hour. Advances in mainstream batteries have already blown that out of the water, no risky new technology needed.
A performance issue with the molten metal battery’s high-temperature seal prompted Ambri to cut staff by 25 percent in late 2015.
In the ensuing pause, the scientists solved two problems at once, Briggs said: they found a new chemistry that works better with the seal and has “much lower material costs.”
Briggs declined to name the new chemistry, but said its cost of active materials is dramatically less than lithium-ion. Of course, lithium-ion has a big head-start in economies of scale. One advantage Ambri might have in catching up is the relative simplicity of its manufacturing process.
“The cost to build a comparable lithium-ion plant these days is roughly $5 billion,” he said. “We’re well less than an order of magnitude below that.”
The company is confident enough in the simplicity of its design that it hasn’t ruled out the prospect of building its own factory, rather than contracting that out. Many cleantech startups in the boom times of the early 2010s spent hundreds of millions on factory-building and went bankrupt shortly thereafter.
More recently, bankruptcies have thinned out the long-duration ecosystem in the last year and a half.
Aquion’s saltwater battery play went under water; Alevo closed down its mysterious operation; LightSail ran out of cash for its compressed air storage; ViZn Energy laid off all but two staff in March to look for new funding for its flow battery.
Despite the scant accomplishments of the sector so far, Briggs expressed confidence that once his product gets to market, the customers will come.
“If you can demonstrate that you’ve got a battery that’s significantly less expensive than lithium-ion and can perform over a long lifetime with limited degradation, that’s attractive to people,” he said.
If all goes as planned and no new engineering surprises appear, Ambri will have a chance to prove that in the dawn of the 2020s.
US non-residential storage system prices: Trends from 2019 to 2024
US non-residential storage system prices: Trends from 2019 to 2024 >
U.S. Energy Storage Monitor: Q3 2019
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More pumpkins for sale on Saturday
Published 4:37 pm Wednesday, October 21, 2009
The Greenville American Legion Post No. 24 reported an enthusiastic turnout by the community for the first day of its first annual pumpkin sale last Saturday.
“During the first two hours of the public sale, in front of Fred’s, the Post sold its entire supply of pumpkins,” said Legionnaire Walter Ray Parmer. “The Post greatly appreciates the public support to fund Boys State and Girls State participation by local students.”
Post No. 24 will be selling more pumpkins on Saturday, Oct. 24, in the same location, said Parmer. The sell will run from 10 a.m. to 2 p.m. Those who were unable to pick up their pumpkins last Saturday, and have purchased an advance ticket for one, may their pumpkins up this Saturday, said Parmer.
Parmer said Legionnaires are already planning for an even bigger pumpkin sale next Halloween.
“The sale will be expanded to include a pumpkin patch at the American Legion building on Post Rd.,” he said. “A much larger selection in size and color of pumpkins will be available for families to make the perfect choice. The Post building will be decorated in traditional Halloween colors and of course carved and lighted pumpkins.”
Parmer thanked Fred’s owner Randy Beeson for use of the parking lot this season.
BCMS teacher placed on suspension
A teacher at the Butler County Magnet School has been suspended without pay by the Butler County Board of Education.... read more
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IDS Fitness Center is professionally managed by:
AdvantageHealth Corporation.
8011 34th Ave South, Suite 216, Bloomington, MN 55425
www.advantagehealth.com
Tel: (612 ) 823-4470
Tenant amenity improvements are nothing new to large properties in Downtown Minneapolis, but when it happens at the IDS Center, the tallest building in the Midwest outside Chicago, it gets noticed. Such is the case for IDS Center’s new 7,200-square-foot fitness center.
AdvantageHealth was hired by the owners of the 57-story, mixed use property to assist in the design, layout and equipment procurement of the new space. Due to the size of the property, which includes 130 tenants and over 4,500 employees working in the building, careful though was put into locker room size and efficiency, cardio and strength equipment selection, group exercise class offerings and activity-based wellness programming. In addition, with the new fitness center located between retail and tenant spaces, extra time was spent on electrical, lighting, ventilation, sound and security considerations.
Within the first month of opening in March 2015, membership grew to over 1,400 members. The fitness center currently has two AdvantageHealth on staff; a Program Manager and Fitness Specialist, and utilizes additional resources such as specialty class instructors and a professional run coach.
PRESS: See IDS Center opens $1.8 million fitness & conference center (Minneapolis / St Paul Business Journal)
© 2021 by AdvantageHealth Corporation. All rights reserved.
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Weekend Producer/Videographer
Siobhan Morris
For the second time in three days, Barrie firefighters and paramedics rushed to Sunnidale Park to help an injured sledder.
The extent of the rider's injuries is not clear, but the patient, who looked to be in his late teens or early 20s, was alert and talking to paramedics as he was loaded into an ambulance Sunday.
Two days earlier, a boy, who witnesses judged to be about eight-years-old, was knocked unconscious after sliding down the same hill.
Eric MacFadden, a Platoon Chief with Barrie Fire and Emergency Services, says the rider injured Sunday hit a rough patch.
MacFadden isn't convinced the toboggan run at Sunnidale is too steep, but encourages riders to be aware of its different angles and to map out their slide.
"My own kids, when they're tobogganing, I tell them to try to look ahead and know what the hill's got--if someone's built a little ramp," MacFadden says.
"There's some ridges and stuff, so depending on the angle you catch it at, it could cause some harm."
CTV News has asked the City of Barrie whether changes might be implemented at Sunnidale in the interest of safety.
St. John Ambulance strongly encourages the use of CSA-approved ski or hockey helmets for a day of sledding to prevent brain injury.
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Home General News
General NewsIndia in AustraliaMelbourneNews
Making women safer and stronger
By Dipanjali Rao
The Victorian government launches a landmark Gender Equality Strategy
“Unequal treatment of women is from the cradle to the grave, and a lifetime of discrimination has a compounding effect on women.” Launching Safe and Strong: A Victorian Gender Equality Strategy, Victorian Minister for Women and the Prevention of Family Violence, Fiona Richardson focused on the current state of gender inequality. The landmark strategy, Victoria’s first, recognises that gender inequality is at the core of discrimination, sexism and violence against women.
Safe and Strong sets out ‘founding reforms’ that lay the groundwork for action by the Victorian government. These include changes to legislation, employment practices, budget, policy, procurement funding decisions and advocacy to the Commonwealth Government in order to “progressively build the attitudinal and behavioral change required to reduce violence against women and deliver gender equality”.
In laying out these founding reforms, Fiona Richardson addressed the need for continuing action on family violence. “The political caravan moves on far too quickly,” she said. “Issues such as family violence have a short time in the sun before political minds and the restless media look elsewhere for a new story.”
Prevention of Family Violence Minister Fiona Richardson, anti-violence advocate Rosie Batty and the Premier Daniel Andrews as the Royal Comission into Family Violence findings were handed down. Picture: Eugene Hyland, Herald Sun
Tarang Chawla, ambassador for Our Watch and Victoria Against Violence, who also spoke at the event, emphasised men’s role in eliminating violence by calling out sexist language and behavior. “Gender in-equality is at the core of the problem,” he stressed. “And gender equality is at the core of the solution.”
In addressing family violence, the strategy commits to a statewide behavior change campaign and establishes a prevention agency with dedicated funding that focuses on preventing violence against women. It also commits to implement all the recommendations of the Royal Commission into Family violence. This includes recommendation 156 to expand the examples of family violence to include dowry related abuse.
The strategy also acknowledges that women from CALD (culturally and linguistically diverse) communities face additional barriers, something that Maya Avdibegovic, CEO of InTouch Multicultural Centre Against Family Violence applauds.
“We are delighted that the strategy acknowledges that women from culturally diverse communities face additional barriers to education and employment, experience difficulties in accessing information about the legal and other support systems and face additional systemic barriers due to their visa status,” she told Indian Link.
While Avdibegovic welcomed the strategy’s initiatives around financial security and leadership, she encouraged the government to invest in the design and delivery of culturally tailored programs.
In describing the strategy’s women’s leadership targets, the Minister cited research about the higher profitability of organisations that had female leadership. The Victorian strategy sets female leadership targets of between 40% and 50% in new appointments across the public, private, non-profit and legal sector.
Addressing the sexism that women face in nearly every sphere of their life, Ms Richardson said the strategy was a framework to combat everyday sexism.
“I use the word ‘combat’ deliberately,” she said. “Nothing short of a disciplined and strategic act will end it.” The strategy commits to the Victorian government enacting a Gender Equality Act and to exploring legislative measures to protect against gendered discrimination in the workplace. It also commits the government to examine sexist advertising and to review laws with regards to gender-based hate speech.
On the 17.9% pay gap, the Minister said it was high time for change and announced two expert committees to promote the economic security of women. “It is time to face up to the fact that women are at risk of poverty in later life because of a lifetime of every day sexism and workplace discrimination,” Ms Richardson said.
To applause, Richardson also announced Victoria’s first all women trade delegation to China. More cheering and applause followed when she announced another historic first: Victoria’s first women’s heritage museum.
The sporting sector is another part of Victoria’s Gender Equality Strategy. Talking about sporting clubs and venues going orange to support the UN’s 16 Days of Activism Against Gendered Violence campaign, Richardson said sport had a unique role to play. Announcing a new program that delivered gender equality programs alongside sporting clubs, the Minister said she believed in the power of sport to explain the importance of gender equality better than a thousand speeches. “When the Carlton Football Club stands up in orange socks and pledges its support for a future without violence against women, people pay attention in a way they wouldn’t otherwise.”
The Gender Equality Strategy will also establish a framework to measure success against quantitative and qualitative indicators. The World Economic Forum’s gender equality index dropped Australia from the 36th position to 46 in just a year, behind New Zealand, Canada, and Rwanda.
“We need a clear and focused strategy to address this decline,” Ms Richardson said. “This is not just a glossy brochure about gender equality. This strategy adopts an evidence based approach and an accountability framework with targets.”
Download a copy of the strategy document here: http://www.vic.gov.au/women/gender-equality/a-victorian-gender-equality-strategy.html
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Dipanjali Rao
Dipa is an IT professional whose interests lie in politics, gender and development. She enjoys singing, music and cooking and tends to buy books she never reads
Tabla VCE: Sankeert Kapatkar drums up perfect score
Vic Govt announces $50,000 for Hindu celebrations
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Full-fledged international flight operations will depend on coronavirus spread across world: DGCA
The full-fledged reopening of international flight operations will depend on coronavirus spread all over the world, the Directorate General of Civil Aviation told news agency ANI today.
India TV News Desk
New Delhi Published on: August 09, 2020 11:38 IST
Image Source : FILE
The full-fledged reopening of international flight operations will depend on coronavirus spread all over the world, the Directorate General of Civil Aviation told news agency ANI today. DGCA chief Arun Kumar said a lot of countries are still enforcing quarantine measures and it will take some time to have fully operative international flights.
"Some international air operations have started already. Passengers are allowed to go from and come to India. It depends on the bubble arrangement we have with countries like UK, US, France," Kumar further said.
The suspension of scheduled international flights to and from the country was recently extended till August 31. Earlier, overseas flights were suspended till July 31.
"The government has decided to extend the suspension on the scheduled international commercial passenger services to/ from India up to 2359 hours IST of 31st August," the Directorate General of Civil Aviation (DGCA) had said in statement. This restriction will not apply to international all-cargo operations and flights specifically approved by the DGCA.
international flight operations
Republic Day 2021: Delhi Traffic Police issues advisory ahead of R-Day parade rehearsal
Owl found dead in Delhi zoo tests positive for bird flu
IND vs AUS 4th Test | That shot from 'experienced' Rohit Sharma was inexcusable: Sanjay Manjrekar
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After Shah Rukh Khan, wife Gauri Khan responds to Maharashtra CM: Grateful for what you are doing
Shah Rukh Khan and wife Gauri Khan joined the list of Bollywood celebrities who contributed to various coronavirus relief funds.
India TV Entertainment Desk
New Delhi Updated on: April 04, 2020 12:34 IST
Image Source : TWITTER
After Shah Rukh Khan, wife Gauri Khan responds to Maharashtra CM
Shah Rukh Khan and wife Gauri Khan joined the list of Bollywood celebrities who contributed to PM Modi's CARES Fund on Friday. The superstar came forward to extend his support to a number of relief funds including Prime Minister’s Citizen Assistance and Relief in Emergency Situations (PM-Cares) fund and Maharashtra chief minister’s relief fund, among others. The CM of Maharashtra even thanked him for his support and the superstar reacted to him on Friday. Now, his wife Gauri Khan has also reacted to the 'thank you' tweet and lauded them for their work.
Gauri Khan tweeted, “Not at all sir. In times like these, we all have to do our bit. Grateful for what all you are doing to keep Maharashtra safe….” Earlier, CMO’s official handle took to Twitter to write, “Thank you @iamsrk ji @gaurikhan ji.”
Not at all sir. In times like these we all have to do our bit. Grateful for what all you are doing to keep Maharashtra safe. https://t.co/GpSM14YhZW
— Gauri Khan (@gaurikhan) April 3, 2020
Shah Rukh Khan also praised the people who are working for those in need and had tweeted, “ह्या लढाईत आपण सगळे एकत्र आहोत कारण थेंबे थेंबे तळे साचे. सर्वांनी थोडे थोडे प्रयत्न केले तर एक मदतीचा महासागर तयार होईल.. आपल्या मार्गदर्शनासाठी धन्यवाद! We are all a family sir....and we need to be together to keep each other healthy. Thank you.”
ह्या लढाईत आपण सगळे एकत्र आहोत कारण थेंबे थेंबे तळे साचे. सर्वांनी थोडे थोडे प्रयत्न केले तर एक मदतीचा महासागर तयार होईल..
आपल्या मार्गदर्शनासाठी धन्यवाद!
We are all a family sir....and we need to be together to keep each other healthy. Thank you. https://t.co/Yi2iFgktPZ
— Shah Rukh Khan (@iamsrk) April 3, 2020
We don’t ever have to thank each other during times like these. We r a family. Grateful you are working so hard for Maharashtra and whenever you get alone time...do write a poem or two. Love to you. https://t.co/vXkTxEqPni
Thank u for your service to these families. Let’s keep the good work up and instil faith in them and ourselves too. There will be light at the end of this tunnel. Let’s get through together. We are glad @meerfoundation could be of service somehow. @pragyakapoor_ @ek7foundation https://t.co/rc3grmSZQy
Shah Rukh Khan has also pledged his support to Delhi Chief Minister's fund and received a warm thank you from CM Arvind Kejriwal as well. SRK's humble reply to him won many hearts. He said, “सर आप तो दिल्लीवाले हो, thank you मत करो, हुक्म करो। अपने दिल्लीवाले भाइयों और बहनों के लिए हम लगे रहेंगे। ईश्वर ने चाहा तो जल्द ही इस crisis से हम जीत कर निकलेंगे। More strength, resilience and power to your teams on ground sir."(Sir, you are from Delhi, don’t thank me, order me. We will do everything we can for our brothers and sisters in Delhi. If God wills, we will triumph over this crisis soon).
सर आप तो दिल्लीवाले हो, thank you मत करो, हुक्म करो। अपने दिल्लीवाले भाइयों और बहनों के लिए हम लगे रहेंगे। ईश्वर ने चाहा तो जल्द ही इस crisis से हम जीत कर निकलेंगे। More strength, resilience and power to your teams on ground sir. https://t.co/PoL7mLtlKa
On the work front, Shah Rukh Khan was last seen in Aanand L. Rai directorial 2018 film Zero alongside Anushka Sharma and Katrina Kaif. The actor hasn't announced his next film yet but has been very active when it comes to production.
More Bollywood stories and picture galleries
For all latest news and updates, stay tuned to our Facebook page
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Air knives hold the key in bike washing booth
It's easy to wash a motorbike, but drying it efficiently and fast is another question altogether. So says Mike Kelland, one of the team responsible for technical development at THI (UK), the Truro-based valeting equipment manufacturer whose jet wash units and other forecourt appliances are marketed (more...)
Spraying Systems Ltd
Published: - 3rd January 2007
Amateur astronomer plans to map galaxy's structure
Should you happen to come across John McKay's house, high in the hills above Settle, North Yorkshire, you might think that you had stumbled into a scene from 'Last of the Summer Wine'. In a field behind the house you will find a strange, dish-shaped construction and perhaps a retired gentleman or (more...)
Sick UK
Apprentice of the Year Award
Whilst many UK manufacturers are abandoning their take-up of engineering apprentices, Tiverton-based HepcoMotion continues to strengthen its commitment. And one of the company's current apprentices, Katie Webber (pictured with HepcoMotion MD Ray Hall), has just won the regional final of the (more...)
Baldor acquires Rockwell's power division for $1.8bn
Baldor is buying Rockwell Automation's Power Systems division - consisting of the Dodge mechanical and Reliance Electric motors and repairs businesses - for $1.8bn. Rockwell announced in June that it was looking for buyer for the division, so that it could focus on its automation activities. (more...)
Bearing maker recognised for its investment in people
Schaeffler UK has been awarded the 'Education, Skills and Leadership Award' at the CBI's 'Human Capital Awards' for its outstanding performance in people management. Schaeffler beat the likes of McDonalds, ARM, Baxi Heating UK and the Serco Group to win the award. (more...)
Schaeffler UK
Bosch Rexroth lands its biggest ever order
At a value in the region of £2.5 million, the order to refurbish the Lowestoft Bridge in Suffolk is Bosch Rexroth's single largest order in the UK, and demonstrates the ability of the company to offer a complete, technically integrated solution. (more...)
Parker Hannifin launches its cylinder repair service
Parker Hannifin has launched a new repair service for Parker industrial tie rod cylinders, available through its Hydraulics Technology Centre programme. Designed to help customers maximise the operating life of their hydraulic cylinders, while reducing expensive downtime and taking advantage of (more...)
Parker Hannifin Hydraulics Division
Record-beating run for downhill racer
Lotus Engineering's stunning Type 119B gravity racer beat the course record for downhill racing at the Brooklands Soapbox Derby in Surrey recently with the help of Iglidur G polymer bearings from Igus. The engineless car recorded a fastest time of 67.7 seconds in the race, which was more than 4 (more...)
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Home Daily Hot Picks Kobe Bryant's widow slams lawsuit from mom seeking support
Kobe Bryant's widow slams lawsuit from mom seeking support
LOS ANGELES (AP) – Kobe Bryant’s widow has denounced a lawsuit from her mother claiming she is owed years of pay for working as an unpaid assistant and support promised by the basketball legend, who was killed in a helicopter crash in January.
Vanessa Bryant issued a statement Thursday saying her mother was trying to “extort a financial windfall,” the Los Angeles Times reported.
The 48-page lawsuit filed by Sofia Urbieta Laine, 68, claims Kobe Bryant “promised to take care” of her for life.
“Unfortunately, Kobe Bryant’s promise did not see the light of day as he is now deceased and Vanessa Bryant took each and every step she could to void and cancel all of Kobe’s promises,” the lawsuit claims, asserting that Vanessa Bryant never intended to honor those wishes.
Kobe Bryant, 13-year-old daughter Gianna and seven others died Jan. 26 when their helicopter crashed in the hills of Calabasas. Financial experts estimate Vanessa Bryant inherited control of an estate worth up to $600 million, the Times said.
Vanessa Bryant’s statement said she and her husband allowed her mother to live for free in one of their properties on the tony Newport Beach coast but never promised her anything or discouraged her from providing for herself.
“She was a grandmother who was supported by me and her son-in-law at my request,” Vanessa Bryant said. “She now wants to back charge me $96 per hour for supposedly working 12 hours a day for 18 years for watching her grandchildren. In reality, she only occasionally babysat my older girls when they were toddlers.”
Vanessa Bryant said that earlier this year she began looking for a new home for her mother and that her mother gave a TV interview in which she claimed she was being forced out of her home and to return a luxury car.
“Even after that betrayal, I was willing to provide my mother with monthly support for the rest of her life, and that wasn’t good enough,” Vanessa Bryant said. “She, instead, contacted me through intermediaries – contrary to what she claims, my phone number hasn’t changed – and demanded $5 million, a house and a Mercedes SUV.”
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UBS exits Australian wealth management
UBS has withdrawn from wealth management in Australia following a management buyout.
UBS Wealth Management will be renamed Crestone Wealth Management following a management buyout led by chief executive Mike Chisholm.
Crestone will continue to use UBS's global macro-economic and local equities research and its capital markets deal flow.
"Our objective is to create Australia’s first independent global wealth manager – combining an in-depth knowledge of local equities with access to the best range of global products including international direct equities, international OTC fixed income, multicurrency accounts, foreign exchange and international margin lending.
"We will also be looking at opportunities to continually grow our product offering to suit our clients’ investment objectives," Mr Chisholm said.
UBS Global vice chairman for wealth management Alain Robert said: "The decision to cease providing wealth management services in Australia was a difficult one and was made after considering a number of factors."
"The wealth management industry is experiencing substantial changes due to increased regulatory and client requirements which have led to increasingly complex operational processes.
"UBS' global wealth management business model of providing holistic client advice has become increasingly difficult to fully operate on a sustainable basis in the local market, which is dominated by a brokerage-based system," Mr Robert said.
Mr Chisholm, in an announcement as head of Crestone Wealth Management, described the new business as an "independently owned global wealth management business".
UBS head of country Matthew Grounds said Australia remains of strategic importance for UBS.
"We will continue to invest in our market leading Investment Bank and Asset Management businesses," Mr Grounds said.
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Everything you've ever wanted to know about Iowa Audio Video... and then some!
Our Great Story
Iowa Audio Video's History
Iowa Audio Video, Inc. (IAV), a locally owned indepenndent affiliate of MOOD: Media, or MOOD: Des Moines, is an established professional Audio/Visual Contractor that specializes in design and installation of state of the art Audio/Visual Systems, Digital Signage, Drive-Thru Communication Systems, Background and Foreground music services, Commercial Television Programming and Messaging on Hold.
With a sucessful 25 year history in the AV World in Austin Texas, James Harle decided to make the move to the Midwest, where, in 2005 he aquired Commercial Audio Video with offices in Sioux Falls, SD, Fargo ND, Bismark, ND and Des Moines, IA, with a partner, and relocated from Austin,Texas to Sioux Falls, SD. In 2011 he spun off the Iowa markets and formed Iowa Audio Video. James now makes his home in Urbandale, IA. In 2016 he aquired Wisconsin Audio Video (formally Pridham Electronics), an AV integration firm and Mood Media independent affilliate with offices in Madison WI, Eau Claire, WI, Wausau, WI and Rockford, IL.
Our MOOD: Media, or MOOD: Des Moines & Mood Wisconsin, franchises has operated continuously for over 60 years in Iowa And Wisconsin. Every day we work closely with our clients; Architects, Engineers, Developers and of course individual Business Owners and Managers to provide a wide variety of services from the design of interactive boardrooms and High-End Music Systems and Digital Signage Networks, to the enhancement or minimization of distracting noise in a workspace. Whether improving an existing sound reinforcement system or design/build of a new music, video or Digital Signage system we offer a systematic approach that meets the needs and concerns of our clients and accommodates the specific goals of each.
Audio Visual Integration
As a provider of audio and acoustical solutions to thousands of clients throughout Iowa, we consult with clients to define and create integrated solutions that utilize technology to improve the ability of employees to work together and share knowledge. We specialize in the following products:
Professional Boardroom AV Integration – Media Systems
Audio Visual System design and Installation
AMX, Crestron, and other Open Architecture Control System Programming
Sound Reinforcement Systems design and installation
Video Wall Design and Implementation
Large and Small Venue Projection Screen Installation
LED, LCoS, LCD Digital Projector and Projection System Design
Digital Signage and Marketing solutions
Digital Video Surveillance system design and installation
Satellite and broadband distribution systems
Conference and Meeting Room Audio and Video Room Combining Systems
Speech Privacy Systems (Sound Masking or White Noise)
Acoustical Treatment and Noise control System design and installation (Reverberation or Sound Blocking)
Commercial intercom systems (QSR, C-Store, Industrial)
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Drive Thru Intercom Systems and Service for QSR Industry by HME, 3M, Panasonic and others
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Between 1946 and 1947, Hulbert Taft of Taft Broadcasting formed Transit Radio, Inc. and placed an FM radio -Des Moines IA (KCBC FM) – tower on the top of the Equitable Building in downtown Des Moines, Iowa to power the Des Moines city busses with soothing music to encourage riders to utilize public transportation. This tower would later in years become, Muzak.
Early Years of Muzak
Early background music did fairly well for Muzak, but the company really started taking off in the 1940s. As World War II required more and more industrial production, company researchers made a surprising discovery: Muzak could apparently make workers happier and more productive. Muzak patented a system called Stimulus Progression that offered 15-minute blocks of instrumental background music that provided listeners with a subconscious sense of forward movement. When workers listened to these blocks, they got more work done.
In retrospect, the science behind these Stimulus Progression studies may have been a bit dubious, but it really helped Muzak franchise and sell subscriptions to businesses. Not even the White House was immune to the allure of Muzak’s agreeable tunes; the presidential residence was wired for Muzak in 1953 during Dwight Eisenhower’s administration. (He wasn’t the biggest presidential fan, though; Lyndon Johnson actually owned Muzak’s Austin franchise during the 1950s.) Soon Muzak’s tunes were hitting tens of millions of ears each day.
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What is your fondest memory of Dame Shirley Bassey? How has her music touched your life? Share your story below.
With my first pay cheque I bought The Shirley Bassey Collection Vol 2 on vinyl. The first track I played was 'Now You Want To Be Loved' and it was like the world stood still for three minutes. I had never heard of anything like it and 41 years later this is still one of my all time favourite recordings. Seeing you live at Colston Hall in 1981 will always be a standout moment. The anticipation!!!!!
My mum won money at the bingo one night came home with it and was excited about the win , it was back in the day when stereograms were fashionable, she had seen one in a shop window and admired it , she bought it with the winnings and that’s when I heard for the first time diamonds are forever, my personal favorite because it takes me back to that time.
It was 1976 and I was 14. Travelling back from a weekend in the country in a new Rolls-Royce, over the radio it was announced that tickets were on sale for Shirley Bassey at the Hordern Pavilion. Who wanted to go? Me please!! She wore a silver dress and I was simply knocked out. A love affair since then and probably someone who has taught me more about the expression of emotions than anyone else.
well thats a hard question, The oscars being introduced by adele, but heres my quest to interview Miss Shirley Bassey, I have my own radio program on CHIN Radio here in Toronto, its an irish/ scottish old country magazine type broadcast i have been on teh air for over 32 years, and sitting here in the midst of the pandemic my son asked who would i really like on my program to cheer me up only 1
I arrived in the big city of Montreal, Canada I was attending a female impersonator show, this artist personified Dame Shirley Bassey. I fell in love with this great artist. I bought all the albums and followed his career since that day. I am also an artist since that day and I present songs by Dame Shirley Bassey. My greatest joy, for my 25 years of career, with the help of a friend I receive
My late father Bill Armon worked with Dame Shirley back in the 1970/80/90s leading the violinists/orchestras in the Bond recordings,TV shows,Albums and on tour in concerts. My late brother Vaughan Armon also worked on tour. I remember the concerts, your wonderful vocals, lovely memories, standing in the gods of the Albert Hall looking down, my dad waving to me and the concert in Brighton(1988).
I was watching Graham Norton when you sang The Girl from Tiger Bay and I and I was amazed by such presence and voice that you gave, so I decided to look further and found your concert at Glastonbury and instantly became your fan, and although my years as a fan are few like others, I will always have you in my heart and my mind. You are a diamond Dame Shirley.
My late dad was a huge fan, we were brought up watching you on TV and listening to your music, and it's continued with me. Love the new album,xx
"The Millennium Tour" at The Waterfront Hall in Belfast, Northern Ireland in 2000. I kid you not I saw this special lady bring an audience of over two thousand people to tears when she sang "Born To Lose". A night that has stayed in my memory for twenty years and will stay with me until the day I die.
SO many memories at the front of the stage, at concerts! Two particularly at Birmingham NEC, once when I presented a disc to Dame Shirley in 1998 and another when I did the Morecambe and Wise gag with my boot in 2003 when she had bad feet! She has great humour and love for her fans. 'Thank you for the Years' and your amazing gift of music!! Ian x.
So many happy memories! Receiving a letter from Dame Shirley on Shirley Bassey headed notepaper in 1979 after I had written to her thanking her following a concert at the Manchester Apollo. Writing to her again many years later saying I'd never heard her sing one of my favourites, Razzle Dazzle live and then sitting in awe as she opened the next tour with that song. I could go on and on!
This is my very special friend Marlene I met her 45 years ago when I was 16, she took me to a theatre in Manchester to see you (quite small and personal place). I am forever grateful to her and you for changing my appreciation of music.
I remember seeing you in Concert many years ago in Coventry with my Mum, Dad, Grandma and Mum and Dads Friend Emily. Mum and Dad have been fans of yours for years. They moved to Dorset 7 years ago and now my dad is in a home with dementia, my mum misses him terribly. They have most of your albums in their record collection.
For a while we shared the same circle...mutual friends...concerts...dinners...you were truly magical and inspiring and generous to a fan! Xx
Shirley Bassey was my Nans, (Joan) favourite singer, everyone thought of my Nan when Shirley Bassey sang, and she even looked like her when she was all glammed up! She went to see her at the NEC Birmingham. She always used to play her CDs and sing along in the kitchen when ever I was there. My Nan sadly passed at the start of this year, ‘you’ll never know’ was played at her funeral ❤️
After many years of travelling to see Dame Shirley live in concert, I got my best Mail ever directly from Monaco. Shirley will be always a Part of my life. Michael
The 25th Anniversary Album was the very first album I ever bought, secondhand. I was 12 at the time. Over the years I have been fortunate to see DSB live in London and Amsterdam on half a dozen occasions in the UK and Holland. We only met once, briefly, after I had waited outside the Amsterdam Concertgebouw in the freezing cold for an hour and a half. She was very kind to us and posed for photos.
In October 2016 (when I was 13) I saw your performance at the Royal Albert hall from 1972. I was stunned by pure perfection. It was absolutely amazing. Easy the best music I have ever had the pleasure of listening to. My favourite song being "This is My Life" at the end of the concert. Since then, I listen to that performance every day. It would be amazing to hear from you. I hope you read this.
I have loved dame shirley ever since I was a young child, I’m 33 now. My nan now 104, listens to the Dame on a daily basis. I am ever so great full for all the moments of memories I have. The new album is as fabulous and gorgeous just like all of the others. Can I just say thank you for the music.
At Christie’s 2003 at the auction I ask to take her picture and to sign my catalog,I took the pic and when she ask my name she laugh and said ;ITS TO LONG GIVE ME A KISS; well she did sign it and I got lot no 1 the Pigalle gown,,it is here with my in New York,,,my most precious memory ,,thank youDame SHIRLEY.
1977 Shirley was appearing at The Concord Hotel in Monticello, NY. My mom was the pianist for trumpeter Erskine Hawkins in the Night Owl Lounge. I went to see Shirley's show and what an awesome performance. When her show was over, everyone went into the Night Owl Lounge where Charlie and Yvonne Brown's were performing, in comes Shirley. She was seated at Erskine's table where I was seated.HEAVEN!
My lovely dad was a big Big fan of you shirley he said you were just beautiful his favourite song and played at his funeral was never never never he was one of a kind and when we got tickets for both my parents to go see you in Glasgow I think that went to the top of the greatest memory he would ever have. So thank you for all the wonderful music and smiles xx💖💖💖
I remember when I was 7 years old and I heard Get the party started I was impressed by her wonderful voice, since then I became a fan of her and her incredible career, each song touches my heart, now with 20 years I sing her songs with my younger sister every day, I confess that it makes my days happy and I will continue listening and loving her music and her personality until the last of my days❤️
It was in 2003 during my first visiting of Saint-Petersburg where I found "Shirley Bassey. The Ultimate" by EMI, without any thoughts who she is, I decided that "The woman with so charming smile should not sing bad", I bought the CD which cost as twofold than my stipendium at the University. So does my love started
I remember scrolling on Spotify and seeing her name there and I just clicked, and I always check the most recent album and the it was The Performance, so I put it on shuffle. The first song was As God is my Witness, and I fell in love instantly. I remember not hearing well the lyrics, but her voice blew me away, after that I kept hearing her discography and just fell head over heels ever since...
Gadiel
In the 70s, I was about 11 or 12 years old and my uncle Marcel Blanche (famous drummer) gave me 2 audio tapes of Shirley Bassey. And since this then, even if I have thousands of albums of music, Dame Shirley is still my very first favorite singer.
I atttended a concert in the Odean in Bradford in 1964 and another at Batley Varieyy club and got a signed album from you,Have been a fan for over 58 years I have most of you records albums and cds I was over the moon when my cd came last friday I have played it at least once a day since.Have plenty time as I am in lockdown and your cd cheers me up.Thank you .love Jacqueline.
My father was a huge fan of yours, Dame Shirley Bassey. He bought the wonderful lp "The music is you". My brother and I couldn't help falling in love with you too from the moment dad played that record for the first time. Sadly, he passed away last February 10th. So, listening to your most recent album is a mixture of deep melancholy and joy. Thanks for illuminating our lives with your gift.
My mum still tells the tale, of when you had one of your first auditions , you borrowed a dress from her. Her name then was Sylvia Harris. Shes 83 now and still a great fan x
I discovered her not too long ago. I‘m a huge Queen fan and Queen used to sing Big Spender during their live shows. I saw the footage and was blown away by that track. I few month later I watched my first James Bond film: Goldfinger. Again by Shirley Bassey. And that’s when she really got me. I find it also quite amusing that we share the same name. It’s an honor!
Am privileged to have seen Dame Shirley Bassey perform on stages around the globe, including Royal Albert Hall and Carnegie Hall. But her entrances when she performed at the Concertgebouw in Amsterdam with its famous staircase that leads to the stage, I will never forget! But then, she is part of my yesterdays, todays and tomorrows!
It was November 1970 as a 15 year old that i went to my first Shirley concert. Centre front row seat at the Liverpool Empire.This was a magic night and was to be the first of many concerts over the years in various parts of the country..Another I could never forget was at an open air concert in 1998 at Powderham Castle in Exeter.the heavens opened with rain of which I'd never seen or heard before
I started singing aged 7 and my father was my biggest fan we bonded over Shirley bassey and I was raised singing Shirley's music Shirley is still my idol now at age 28 I sadly lost my dad to covid in april but he got.to see me.perform one of shirleys songs on bbc on all together now in 2019 one of our dreams was for me to sing with Shirley and I still aim to maake that come true love mandi xx
I’ve always loved Shirley’s music. ‘This is my life’ is my personal anthem and as a singer I have performed it many many times myself too. My partner never was a fan (he is much more into techno music) until Glastonbury was on tv. We watched together and I saw him convert into a fan too! He had suddenly realised just how amazing the Dame is. He’s been a fan ever since!
My most treasured memory will always be meeting Dame Shirley at the Christie’s auction in 2003. I successfully bid on and bought the gown I first ever saw her perform in (lot 33 ). She autographed my invitation by leaning on my back, which was amazing . My only regret was when she sang a Capella in the auctioneers box that I should have offered to bid more if she let me sing a duet with her
My mother was a big fan of Shirley's music. I was introduced to her powerful voice through her. My mother passed away in April but prior to her death, i would play her favorite Shirley Bassey music. I would play the songs from the "Four Decades of Song" collection. I used Shirley's version of "What I did for love" as the soundtrack for my mother's tribute video. No one sings it like Shirley! Thx!
I will never forget the moment when I got two VIP tickets from the director of AHOY theater in Rotterdam, to watch your show. You have been a great example to me since I was a child. As a singer, as a mother, but also your technique which you use while singing your songs. I am a singer in The Netherlands, and especially your songs are a welcome challenge for me to sing.
Blackpool Opera House ....90s ...After the medley Almost like being in Love , I confidently marched upto the stage with a sumptuous bouquet of flowers. DSB kissed my cheek , which made my day , and I went back to my seat . The next song start " I'll be your audience " then to my horror , the flowers tipped over and water began to fill the stage . I had stopped the show ! Great concerts ! Simon
Simon C
I was three or four in the early 70s and we had a record player in the dining room. I remember playing (repeatedly) the single “Kiss Me, Honey Honey, Kiss Me” and singing sling with it! My mum told me that my grandad liked Shirley Bassey too.
I've been a big fan since I was twenty (...now I'm 53). Dame Shirley's voice touched my heart in 1987 (the fabulous Berlin concert). Her music has accompanied me through all ups and downs in life. Not a day goes by that I don't listen to her music. Currently I'm sick. I'm having surgery this month. The 'I OWE IT ALL TO YOU' album will be my medicine. Thanks Dame Shirley! Best regards, Ann Rose
the first time I listened to his Stupenda voice, it was in the theme song of the movie 007, I was immediately struck by his warm, sensual, vibrant voice, slowly I started looking for his records and I discovered one of the greatest ARTISTS in the world, I have never had the pleasure of attending a live concert or even meeting her, Dear Dame Shirley THANK YOU for wonderful emotions you give us!!!!!
My very first memory from Shirley Bassey goes back to 2010 when I was 12 years old. More specifically, my parents and I went to the cinema to watch Cats and Dogs: The revenge of Kitty Galore. There, I heard for the very first time Shirley's song: ''Get this Party Started''. I was truly impressed and enchanted by her powerful and sweet voice. Since then I became a fan of Shirley ❤
In 2015 my now husband Tim and created a campaign for Dame Shirley to record the next Bond theme. We created a video in which we edited ourselves into scenes from every James Bond film holding a sign saying 'It's Got To Be Bassey'. The campaign got a lot of attention and press and Dame Shirley herself saw it, loved it and we even got to meet her and chat about it. She was charming and great fun!
I have lovely memories of seeing Shirley at the Liverpool Empire in about 1968. I was 16 at the time and was thrilled to attend with my mum Theresa and auntie Eileen. They were both big fans and were very excited to see you live for the first time. It was a fantastic show and never to be forgotten . Thank you for the wonderful memories ❤️
I remember watching a Bond film when I was about 13 ( 1991-1992) - I really loved the song, I asked my mum who sang it, oh that’s goldfinger by Shirley Bassey, she was your Grans favourite. I was hooked, mum bought me an album that year for Christmas and I never looked back, Shirley got me through some tough times in my life, and the performance is my favourite album of all time.
This is my very special friend Marlene I met her 45 years ago when I was 16, she took me to a theatre in Manchester to see you (quite small and personal place). I am forever grateful to her and you for changing my appreciation of music. Lynda Milburn
The first time my son ever clapped was when he saw you singing Goldfinger. We would play your songs whenever he was upset and it would calm him down. I sent a card to tell you and you wrote him a lovely letter and sent a beautiful signed photo. Dylan has just turned 4 and he still loves you.
I have many memories but I wanted to share how I first was introduced to her music. I was on Leeds in a working mans club with my Aunt where a turn was singing Natalie. I was mesmerised by the music and the words - my Auntie told me that it was a Shirley song. The very next day I went to Morrison’s and bought my first album - Life, love and feelings. I was 14, now 60. You have enriched my life.
I saw you at Carnegie Hall four times over the years, but the fourth time, in the early 90s, was the best. I was sitting in a first-tier box near the stage. As you were greeting the audience after your first song, I stood up and yelled " ... Hi, Shirley ... !" You waved back, from the stage of Carnegie Hall. I then could've JUMPED OUT THE BOX. Not good, though. Thank you, Dame Shirley.
ESCUCHO A LA MAGESTUOSA SHIRLEY BASSEY DESDE EL AÑO DE 1974 ESTABA YO EN EL NIVEL PRIMARIA EN MI PAIS Y DIARIO ESCUCHABA A SHIRLEY BASSEY HACIENDO LA TAREA ME FACINAN TODAS SUS CANCIONES PERO LA QUE MAS ME GUSTO EN ESA EPOCA Y ME SIGUE GUSTANDO ES LA DE THE OLD FASHIONED WAY DEL ALBUN NEVER,NEVER,NEVER POR FALTA DE RECURSOS NO LA PUDE VER LA UNICA VEZ QUE SE PRESENTO EN MI PAIS EN CIUDAD DE MEXICO
MARTHA ELENA
My nan being a patriotic welsh woman adored Shirley Bassey. Growing up she would alway play her records and dance around the room singing big spender. From my nan came my adoration for Shirley Bassey and not a day goes by where I don’t listen to her songs. How I wish I could have seen her live.
I was 16,1970s, in Belfast , bought my first Shirley Bassey album, my friend and I played it all the time wearing towels as headdresses and singing along! We always watched Shirley on Saturday night tv before going out to the the only gay bar. Moved to London late 70s,went to see Shirley several times at the RAH,what spectacular shows, costumes and singing! Friends passed away but happy memories!
I was eight years old when my father took my sister and I to see Goldfinger when it hit the big screen in 1964. My first thought was WOW! Her voice was so mesmerizing!! Over the years I have purchased several of her albums and love every one of them!! Can't wait for her latest album to arrive, already have it ordered! Thank you Dame Shirley!!
Saw you at Wembley Arena, back in the 80s. Absolutely the closest thing I have ever come to a religious experience! Laughed, cried (more than once) but never stopped smiling. Still sends shivers down my spine whenever I hear you sing x
My first memory of Dame Shirley was with my Dad at the Empire Pool, now the Wembley Arena in March 1959. My Dad predicted "All the other stars are brilliant, but this one..you wait and see what’s going to happen!! This little lady will go far!" Being a fan of hers ever since, I was able to watch her unveil her handprints in the Arena Square in September 2019, some 60 years later, just magical.
I am an Italian author, performer and life coach moved to Canada a few years ago. I was a very young child when I saw Dame Shirley Bassey for the first time during a TV show. I still remember how much her presence, beauty, moves and voice made me feel amazed and willing to pursue a career as a performing artist. She is an inspiration and I am so grateful to her!
I was 13, I heard "never never never" - it was rumba. I did not know the name of the singer for a long time, the name of Shirley Bassey was not widely known in the Soviet Union. then, when the iron curtain fell, I recognized the name of the singer. now I'm 46. and 33 of them - I'm your devoted fan. thanks!
It was May 1971 I was 13 my Mum was going to see her at Blackpool Opera House with my Aunty who went sick so she took me instead. I didn’t know who Shirley Bassey was but when she started off stage with does anybody miss me the came on too what about today she blew me away and I’ve been hooked ever since. She is the best
first time i saw Dame Shirley was at the Horden Pavilion in Sydney about 1973 and i've been hooked ever since i was 16 at the time and i remember the gown she wore was green velvet with a glittering peacock embroided on the inside of the gown and when she kicked up her heals you could see the peacock, i have been to at least one of her concerts every time she toured since
My memory is when I sung Diamonds Are Forever to Dame Shirley Bassey on the Graham Norton show in red chair.. and she applauded me and said I was very good I have done my drag act the Dame Shirley Bassey experience for 27 years now with me having cystic fibrosis she has kept me alive with me singing the power that she does. my step-dad give me a tape years ago the first song was Goldfinger
I was lucky enough to be in the front row at Ms Bassey's concert in Perth Australia in I think 1997/98 with my father and mother. Absolutely fantastic! I was only 20 at the time but now being 43, I still play her music and forever will. Bless!
My dad loved you, it was his birthday 14th November 1970, I was 20, for his birthday I bought him Shirley Bassey at Talk of the town, on vinyl in those days. over that weekend he was playing it all the time & clever me managed to scratch it, he could never be cross with me. 10 days after his birthday 24/11 he suddenly died.50 years on I still have the album, & now your new album it’s grear I
My early memories started in the 80’ with never never never on my walk man,the en direct to the record store,after the love affair started,the ultimate after seeing you on stage ,you know the crazy one front row at carnaghie all giving ou gifs ,was when I flew to London in 2003 at Christie’s and I got the no 1 gown La Pigalle gown,now that was a dream come trough,we chat and you were lovely.
1976 at Festival Hall, at the end of your concert many older men were grabbing you and trying to get a kiss from you, I was 18 and loved your concert I simply grabbed your hand and kissed it, you took a rose from your bouquet and handed it to me, thank you and my best wished to you, cheers, Peter
I can’t remember a time when Dame Shirley wasn’t a firm favourite. My Grandfather, who was a WW1 veteran was the first in my family to appreciate her magic. Apparently he played her music on the jukebox in the pub he ran. My mum then passed that appreciation ion to me. I’ve seen Dame Shirley eight times in concert now and would go again in a heartbeat. Thank you Dame Shirley for sharing your gift
My dad was always a fan, we lost him a couple of years ago age 90.The first time he played “Excuse me” from the “Something Else” Album, I remember how moved he was telling me the story of the song, I still cry if I hear it, the album a gatefold sleeve with an amazing photo of Shirley in full 70s glam! In later years we loved looking up live performances on YouTube, thank you for the memories
DEAR DAME SHIRLEY I HAVE LOVED YOU SINCE I WAS A LITTLE BOY I AM NOW 53 AND SEEN YOU SO MANY TIMES I WAS LUCKY ENOUGH TO MEET YOU AT THE RFH IN 1998 WHEN YOU DID YOUR 10 NIGHT RUN AND YOU SIGNED MY BOOK, I GAVE YOU ROSES NO PHOTOS WERE ALLOWED BUT MY MUM AND I WILL NEVER FORGET IT I HAVE PHYSICAL ISSUES & OTHER HEALTH ISSUES SO YOU HAVE HELPED ME MORE THAN YOU WILL EVER KNOW LOVE HOWARD XX
I remember my mother telling me the day I was born someone in the hospital was playing this is my life and I have been hooked on Dame Shirley's music ever since she was the first singer I ever heard and the only one I ever truly idolised she's the very reason why I wanted to be a singer myself
Paul Laurence
In 2004 i was in primary school yet. I remember sitting in the livingroom and goldfinger was on tv... thats when i heard that powerfull, fierce , extravagant and distinctive voice . I asked my mother furiously whos that lady... and that was it! Instant admiration and love! Im a 26 years old actor now, planning to move to London... and D.Shirley is a daily inspiration that moves me....
Panayotis
You were my Dad’s all time favourite, and as a surprise for him in 1978 I bought tickets for the two of us to see you at the Preston Guild Hall. It was a magical evening, and you were fabulous as always!
I saw Dame Shirley Bassey in concert in Connecticut back in 2000. She dazzled and engaged the audience with her brilliant voice and quick wit, I vividly remember each song, from Goldfinger, to Big Spender, to the finale, surprising the audience, she threw flowers to her adoring fans, including me. I cherish the memory and sincerely thank Dame Shirley for the music that makes my spirit soar!
I love you so much. As someone who studied music their entire life, it is impossible to encapsulate what you mean to me and to so many of us. You broke so many barriers socially, but truly broke barriers with your beautiful and enduring vibrato. Your songs have hallmarked some of my happiest moments in my life. I'm so grateful for the light you bring into this dark world. Long live the dame <3
As a child in 1990 my nan with excitement and hugs would sing Shirley Bassey songs from memory no radio just memory, we would dance together and play, In turn now aged 35 in 2020 I pass the legacy down to my nieces and nephews, aged 5 - 11 who I sing “S Wonderful” I now understand why nan sang it to me and my 4 sister because the lyrics expressed unconditional the love she felt for us.
I am 29 years old, i adore your music, from I, Who Have Nothing to This Time which both my dad and myself fell in love with 10 years ago. Shirley, i first heard you singing Goldfinger, then to Diamonds Are Forever, (which is my dad's favourite). To see you had covered my favourite Queen track brought literal tears to my eyes, i almost burned my blondies when i was listening to it. Thank you.
1989 New York Carnegie Hall! What a night. One of my idols is on stage. I could not believe my eyes! Being a singer myself it was a dream come true! A religious experience!A miracle! God bless you dame Shirley Bassey! Thank you for the memories... I never never never will stop loving you. Xoxo
To start yesssss I have the CD so happy, my mother was a big fan and I used to hear the music when I was little my mother died but the music from Dame Shirley Bassey has always remained number 1 for me and always will be Dame Shirlrley Bassey you are the number 1 in music your personality inside and out is so pure Love to you Dame Shirley Bassey and keep you safe in this time Love Yvette xx
I fondly remember discovering Dame Shirley Bassey as a child. My late Grandmother used to play her albums a lot. It formed the background music to a very happy, very content childhood. My fondest memory was hearing ‘Big Spender’ for the first time and my Grandmother sashaying into the living room in time to the music singing along and copying Shirley’s moves. Always making me smile.
I was second row from the front and ran to the stage when Shirley was throwing the flowers and I coughs a rose I was over the moon until the fellow behind me broke the roses head off and I was left withe the stem I was heartbroke
As a 3 year old I loved my 1 on 1 car journeys with my grandad because it was our special time and because he had this great tape in the car that I loved to sing along to. The tape was Shirley Bassey ‘The Singles’ and the song that I loved was Big Spender and since that age I have become a life long fan. And now I’m driving my daughter along in my car and she is listening to ‘Look but don’t touch
It was my Dad’s love of music that I first heard DSB sing Diamonds are forever. I was mesmerised! We would listen to DSB in the car together all the time. He bought me a video of Dame Shirley’s concert, opening Cardiff arena. I’ve been in complete awe ever since. Have bought or watched everything DSB has done. There will never be anyone to match Dame Shirley Bassey!! I love you and your music!! 💗
I may end up in a load of trouble for this but have to risk sharing one of the most memorable and stupid things from my younger self! Forgive me Dame Shirley ? I was at a Shirley Bassey concert at the Apollo Theatre Manchester on impulse I was out of my seat and climbed on stage with the Dame. I hugged her briefly before leaving the stage when she said ‘So bold, so brave but so foolish’ . Sorry x
как меломан сменил в 92 году два диска Its my Life and Brodway Bassey Way с тех пор люблю
As a kid my parents would have drinks with friends in the evening and play their records, early 70’s. I must have been 8 when they put on a Shirley Bassey album and that was it! Long after their passing and my having my own family that exact album is now framed and hung on the wall as a reminder of good times past and of the times we had singing along to those amazing songs and that unique voice!
As a kid in the mid 60s I was scared to death by the trumpets in Goldfinger. When I was 14 my mom bought the Carnegie Hall album and we saw you live for the first time. The rest is history. Love you forever, Joop. xx facebook.com/groups/ShirleyBasseyThisIsMyLife
I love you Shirley. I’m 62 now my Father was a huge fan and if music was ever played it would be you. I have listened to you almost daily for a great deal of my life. I love watching on YouTube your wonderful performance in Berlin.. At that concert you sang so many of my favourites especially born to lose, never never never and something. You are a legend and have given huge enjoyment to me & many
Miss Bassey, I saw you perform at the Escondido Center for the Performing Arts in Escondido Ca about 20yrs ago..A friend who could not attend gave me his two tickets 5th row center..I took a friend with me who at the time believed music began and ended with Beyonce..Needless to say he was in for a big surprise as I had been a big fan for many years..Thank You!
Running into Dame Shirley at Pearson International Airport in Toronto. She had just flown in from New York after appearing on the Regis and Kathy show. I ran up to her, gave her a kiss and a hug. We chatted and walked to her waiting limo. Another encounter was in Lucerne, Switzerland in front of the Grand Hotel....all memorable encounters.
Although I knew of the film's Goldfinger, Diamonds are forever, and Moonraker. I did not know the artist behind them until 2017. In 2017, I lost five people to death closest to me and a cat. On the verge of suicide one day, a song on YouTube began to play from a list that I had selected. It began with " It's funny how a lonely day can make a person say how good is my life." It saved my life.
I first came across your voice at a friends who was on a defibrillator he was gravely ill his confidante put record 1 on of Shirley Bassey-Something Wonderful-6 x LP Box Set I was blown away by the unique tonal quality and tranfixed ever since 29 years on I am still breathing you in but it's not just your voice your presence is ever present in my life and will be for eternity.. Love SB X
I'm Anthony, I'm 21 years old and live in the USA. I first heard of Dame Shirley Bassey in 2014 when Janelle Monae performed ’Goldfinger’ at The White House for Barack Obama. I saw that performance and knew that I had to find out who Shirley Bassey was! Six years later and I'm one of Dame Shirley Bassey’s biggest fans! I love you Dame Shirley! 💓🙌🏾🙌🏾
I am writing this on behalf of a wonderful lady who has worked with you sometime after 1966 her name is Sheila Worth a child xylophonist and recalls working with you at the cabaret club in Oxford street Manchester. She is writing her memoires but unfortunately and this is the last piece of the book would you be able to help recall the actual time this wonderful memory was? Thanks for any help you
Hi I'm writing on behalf of my mother Dorothy Sullivan formerly Dorothy Hill. You were friends and worked at a cigar factory in Cardiff. Both my Mum and Dad still listen to you .I hope you remember.
My memories stretch back to 1971 but for me I have two very special memories. Firstly in 1995 at Cardiff Castle in front of your home crowd WHAT A NIGHT! Secondly at the open air concert at Somerley when I was seated with a friend in the front row. You took a sip of water and came over to me with your thumbs up wanting some of my champagne - I couldn't oblige due to the railings .. ugh! Terry.
My Mother was living in Pennsylvania and we had tickets to see Shirley Bassey. That performance was cancelled. In 1997 Shirley Bassey was performing at the Westbury Music Fair. I drove out to Pennsylvania and brought my Mother back to New York to see the show. She said it was the greatest concert she ever saw and that Shirley Bassey is the greatest performer.
Tengo 10 años , y me encantan las canciones de Shirley Bassey ☺️me inspira confianza al cantar sus canciones ,mis canciones favoritas son Goldfinger ,Feelings ,Send in the clowns🥺 i (who have nothing) y Look but don’t touch!💐 La admiro mucho 🤩 Yo y mi hermano le deseamos salud y felicidad en estos tiempos dificiles y a todos los demas fans Thank you so so much Dame Shirley Bassey💝
My dad used to play your cassettes in the car and my favourite was your 25th Anniversary album. On the cover you're wearing the most beautiful deep pink feathered gown and my mum would tell me how you're never seen in the same dress twice. My dad and big brother would try to guess when you would start singing during I Who Have Nothing while I would sit in the back dreaming of singing like you.
I was born into a religious cult who had banned us listening to most music due the “ worldly influence “ and Shirley was one of those artists mostly due to her song Hey Big Spender. I remember hearing a song from her This is my Life Album ( vinyl)and secretly went out and bought .My father was horrified and demanded I destroy it which I said I would but I secretly hid it and still play it now
Aged 11 in 1972 I was taken to see Diamonds Are Forever. Mesmerized by the Opening Credits of dancing girls, glitz, glamour, diamonds & the brilliant theme song, that twinkled & soared far above & beyond the cinema screen. Not a great Bond film, but boy I knew I was listening to a truly great voice. From that moment, I’ve been hooked on all things Bassey, Bond & Beyond, Dame Shirley is Forever!
I recall the moment I realised and accepted a relationship with a special guy was over, when Shirley came over the speakers singing The Party's Over. To this day, I always think back 25 years ago to that special moment when I hear Shirley sing that special song.
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Summer Fun in San Francisco
Innovative Dance Teacher Creates Unique Experience for Children
Michael Dillon recently hit a roadblock when planning his annual dance summer camp in San Francisco due to city-wide restrictions put in place where week-long indoor camps were prohibited. Known for his "out-of-the-box" thinking, Michael worked around these restrictions while keeping his dancers engaged with a week-long, outdoor scavenger hunt!
During the scavenger hunt, participants discovered more about the beautiful city of San Francisco. The children learned about many of the unique aspects of the Irish culture including dance, history, and Irish sports. Irish Dance steps were incorporated into each day in a fun and engaging way for the children.
As new Irish Dancing "beginners," most of the children had never met in person but had formed friendships during zoom classes earlier in the spring. The fact that they were able to do something fun with their new friends and dance teacher was beyond exciting for the children, many of whom had not participated in an organized activity outside their homes for many months.
Each day began with a scavenger hunt in a different location around San Francisco. Each locale brought a new set of clues. The kids took to the task to solve the riddles, discovering historical gems about San Francisco. Some of the exciting clues included "What age was Roger Emmet when he died?" and "What made the gold fire hydrant near Dolores Park?" (Discover the answers below.)
After an hour of running around, the kids were ready to dance. Hour-long sessions were held outside on location, providing great entertainment for the public that passed by.
Sandwiched in the middle of the dance sessions was a different activity each day. Gaelic football, drumming, hurling, tennis games, and croquet provided just the break needed before diving back into an hour of dance.
Kathleen Deeley Smith ADCRG shared her drumming skills with the group, in a fun and creative way.
According to Dillon, "No, the dancing wasn’t up to the usually grueling par but community scored big time. I will do this again for sure."
The week ended with a group of exhausted but ecstatic kids who were very enthusiastic about continuing their dancing journey. Learn more about Michael Dillon's Irish Dance School at www.bayareairishdance.com.
Read IDM edition online. It is absolutely FREE for subscribers to access their online edition with extra bonus content!
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What age was Roger Emmet when he died?
25 years old. A sculpture of the Irish patriot, Robert Emmet, still resides where it was unveiled by Eamon De Valera in front of the California Academy of Sciences building in Golden Gate Park. De Valera was on a fundraising tour of the United States in support of Sinn Fein and the Irish Volunteers.
What is special about the gold fire hydrant near Dolores Park"
In 1916 most of San Francisco was destroyed by the massive fire that erupted from gas lines that were broken during a devastating earthquake. With most of the city's water pipes broken, a major issue was the lack of water to put out the fire. This fire hydrant was the only one that remained functional in the entire Mission district. It is now painted gold as a memorial.
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Friday Feature blog three
Friday Feature: How schools are coming together to support their wider communities
Posted on: 10 Apr 2020
Posted by: Good News Friday
Schools across the country have been joining with their local communities to help the UK’s fightback against coronavirus. Our Friday round-up aims to provide a little light relief, as we highlight some of the great work schools are engaged in...
Keep tagging us on social media with your community stories - so we can include you in our future posts!
'Despite the disruption to their education, young people are showing their resilience and compassion by helping others' - ISC chief executive @JulieR_isc praises pupils for their inspiring community support efforts during the #COVID19 pandemic: pic.twitter.com/JHaUqa2GOG
— Independent Schools (@ISC_schools) April 9, 2020
Truro School is working with Cornish charity The Hive Cornwall to provide meals for those suffering from food insecurity. Utilising the school's catering facilities, cookery staff are working with the charity to produce up to 4,000 meals a week for the elderly and children eligible for free school meals. Read more about this initiative here.
“It is a privilege to be working alongside The Hive to produce food for those who would otherwise struggle during this period. The catering facilities at Truro School are perfect for this project and with the school moving to remote teaching during this period they are facilities that would otherwise be sitting empty."
--- Alistair Turner, assistant head of cookery at Truro School
Abingdon School has been working closely with its partner schools and the Open Learning Partnership to produce an array of invaluable online learning resources for pupils.
"The true value of the relationships built through Abingdon School’s partnership work has really come to the fore in present circumstances, with local and national partners working closely with the Abingdon Science Partnership to produce remote learning resources."
Schools across the country, regardless of sector, are doing their bit to help others during the pandemic. Ben Bartlett, a former Latymer pupil who is now head of a state school in Surrey, is leading a campaign to encourage schools to donate science goggles to frontline NHS workers. So far, 7,500 pairs of goggles, plus gloves and visors, have been delivered to hospitals around Surrey and London.
"These are coming just at the right time. Thank you so much! You cannot imagine what a difference your donations have made - you have definitely restored our faith in human kindness!"
--- Feedback from a hospital consultant after receiving donated goggles and visors
The ICT network manager at Bedales School is a volunteer sergeant with Hampshire Police. In addition to providing extra support during the pandemic, Shane has also been encouraging the public to adhere to social distancing guidelines as well as responding to day-to-day emergencies.
About Good News Friday
The Good News Friday blogs aim to provide a little light relief, as we highlight some of the great works schools and their communities are engaged in.
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Welcome to Islam
FAQs about Islam - II
Section:FAQs
19139 0 1531
Where is Allah?
Allah is the Highest. He is High above all of His creation. He ascended above His Throne, which is immeasurably greater than the Heavens and the Earth. So much greater, that the Heavens and the Earth could fit in the footstool of the Throne, and they would be like a ring thrown into an open desert. Allah is certainly the Greatest.
Does Allah look like us?
No. Allah is Perfect. He is not like any of His creation. He has told us that He has Hands, Eyes, and Face. However, all of these attributes are befitting to His Might and Glory. A Muslim does not say a single thing about Allah, other than what Allah says about Himself. Allah is Perfect and Unique.
What does it mean to believe in Allah?
It means:
1- To believe in Allah’s total Perfection and Uniqueness.
2- To believe in the Angels. We must love them all in the same way, we cannot hate an Angel; for example, it is forbidden to hate Michael who is given the charge of Rain and the vegetation of the Earth or Gabriel, who is entrusted with Revelation (i.e. he brings down the Scriptures to the prophets, may Allah exalt their mention).
3- To believe in Allah's books revealed to His Prophets, may Allah exalt their mention, taking into consideration that all of these books have either disappeared or changed, except the last divine book, the Quran.
4- To believe in His Prophets, may Allah exalt their mention, because they are His Messengers and He sent them. We cannot pick and choose, a Muslim must believe in all the Prophets of Allah, may Allah exalt their mention.
5- To believe in the Last Day: The Day of Judgment.
6- To believe in Allah's predestination of good and bad (we might consider something bad from our perspective), but to Allah everything He does is good).
When is the Day of Judgment?
Only Allah knows.
Are there signs for the Day of Judgment?
There are plenty of signs, of which many have already occurred.
To name a few:
1- Objects will begin to talk.
2- Killing will be widespread.
3- The killer will not know why he was killing, and the person who was killed will not know why he was killed.
4- The Anti-Christ will come.
5- Prophet ‘Eesaa (Jesus) son of Maryam (Mary), may Allah exalt his mention, will return.
6- Gog and Magog will be set free.
7- The sun will rise from the West (after this, there can be no more repentance.)
Do Non-Muslims go to Heaven?
Allah only accepts Islam because it is Allah's true religion given to all His Prophets, may Allah exalt their mention. He Says in the Quran (what means): "Whoever seeks a religion other than Islam, it will not be accepted of him, and he will be one of the losers in the Hereafter". [Quran 3:85]
What about someone who has never heard of Islam?
Allah is the Most Just, there is no one more Merciful than Allah. Allah said in the Quran (what means): “Whoever is guided is only guided for [the benefit of] his soul. And whoever errs only errs against it. And no bearer of burdens will bear the burden of another. And never would We punish until We sent a messenger." [Quran 17: 15]
Thus, if a person had never heard about Islam and was never warned clearly, Allah would have a special test in the Hereafter for that person, equal to the chance that person would have had on earth.
How do we know Islam is the truth?
Islam is the only religion that:
1- Holds Allah as One, Unique and Perfect.
2- Only Allah is considered worthy of worship, not ‘Eesaa (Jesus), may Allah exalt his mention, nor an idol, or an angel.
3- The Quran does not contain contradictions.
4- The Quran contains scientific facts, which are 1400 years ahead of their time. Even though it was revealed 1400 years ago, the Quran contains scientific facts which are only being discovered now. Scientific facts coincide with the Quran perfectly, and are not at variance with it.
5- Allah challenges the world to produce the like of the Quran, while confirming that they will never be able to do so.
6- Prophet Muhammad (may Allah exalt his mention) was considered the most influential man in History. A non-Muslim wrote a book called “The 100” about the most influential men in history, and Prophet Muhammad was ranked first. Prophet ‘Eesaa (Jesus), may Allah exalt his mention, was placed third. Note that even Prophet ‘Eesaa (Jesus), may Allah exalt his mention, was a prophet sent by Allah. Would Allah allow a false prophet to be so successful? No. Even the Bible says this in Deuteronomy 18:19: “A false prophet must die.” Yet, Prophet Muhammad did not die until he had completely conveyed his Message and taught Allah's religion.
7- Prophet Muhammad had predicted many future events, and all of his prophecies have come true or are still coming true.
8- Most importantly: Allah created humankind and we know that we should only worship Him. This is an instinct that is ingrained in all human beings. Allah did not just leave us to our own resources, rather He sent Prophets, may Allah exalt their mention, in all ages and for all nations.. These Prophets, may Allah exalt their mention, were granted miracles as proof. The miracle for today’s age is the Quran. In this age there is no religion, except Islam, that worships only Allah and believes in Him as being totally Perfect, and believes in all of His Prophets, may Allah exalt their mention, and all the Scriptures.
Can anyone become a Muslim?
Yes, anyone can. There are two declarations, which are necessary:
1-To bear witness that no one deserves to be worshiped except Allah.
2- To bear witness that Prophet Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah.
This is the declaration of faith which makes a person Muslim, however, this should be said in Arabic.
After this, what’s next?
After a person becomes a Muslim he/she is taught about Prayers, Fasting, the Poor due, Pilgrimage. These are the pillars of Islam.
Muslims are brothers. A Muslim should love for his brother what he loves for himself. Allah's wealth does not run out and Allah can provide for us all. We pray for each other and love each other, and love for our brothers and sisters what we love for ourselves.
FAQs about Islam - I
FAQs about Women's Rights in Islam
Where is Allah? Allah is the Highest. He is High above all of His creation. He ascended above His Throne, which is immeasurably greater than the Heavens and the Earth. So much greater, that the Heavens...More
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MainAll NewsDefense/Middle East‘Suicide Bomb Feminists’ in Gaza
‘Suicide Bomb Feminists’ in Gaza
Even feminism has its own definition in Gaza. CNN gets an inside look at woman training to be suicide bombers and fighters to kill Israelis.
Tags: Defense/Middle East
Tzvi Ben Gedalyahu , Jan 04 , 2011 6:17 PM | updated: 8:56 PM
Woman terrorist in Gaza
Israel news photo: CNN screenshot
“Terrorist feminists” in Hamas-controlled Gaza are training to be suicide bombers and to shoot machine guns to kill Israelis. A CNN crew traveled blindfolded to a secret location to film the women.
Female terrorists are not a new phenomenon in Judea, Samaria and Gaza, but it is rare that a foreign news agency is allowed to interview them and watch them training.
With sounds of Allahu Akbar [Allah is great] in the background, reporter Paula Hancocks interviewed the women terrorists in the back garden of an undisclosed location. “All [are] from the Salah ad-Din Brigades -- one of several militant groups in Gaza -- all veiled and armed. Only their eyes are uncovered,” she reported.
The women said they see nothing unusual in fighting alongside men because women also serve in the “Zionist” army. One woman wore gold rings on one hand while holding a hand grenade in the other.
The terrorists were interviewed while sitting at a table loaded with rifles, rocket-propelled grenades and explosives. Hancocks said that the scene was “carefully choreographed for our camera and the message is clear.”
"I am trained and ready to be a suicide bomber against Israeli soldiers,” one potential “martyr” said. Expressing the fundamentalist Islam jihad philosophy that drives Hamas, she added, "On the path of the Prophet they used to fight and struggle, so there is no trouble with that. They used to transport the wounded, but now we have ambulances for that."
Although Hancocks said that the women – and their male counterparts – are “reviled as terrorists” by many Western media outlets, CNN and most other foreign media, as well as the Israeli Ha’artez newspaper and web site, refer to them as “militants” when reporting attacks or Israeli counterterrorist operations against them.
The ages of the women range from the 20s to the 50s. “Four years ago, a 64-year-old grandmother blew herself up near Israeli soldiers in Gaza, wounding two,” Hancocks told viewers “She was the oldest Palestinian female suicide bomber.
“And at least one of these women in a Gaza backyard wants to follow in her deadly footsteps.”
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The shady world behind Ben Shapiro's popularity on Facebook
The Daily Wire might be violating one of Facebook's main rules about sponsored content.
The Washington Post/The Washington Post/Getty Images
For years, Ben Shapiro — who openly indulges in racist screeds and whining online — has attempted to present himself as the cool conservative kid's philosopher. On Facebook, his publication called The Daily Wire enjoys stunning success, beating the likes of The New York Times and The Washington Post, a pair of titles with exponentially more resources and credibility, despite only rehashing the content of others.
Distribution and engagement rates for Shapiro's publication — which is as incendiary and foul as he is — would make you think that Shapiro is the main ingredient to this fame. But a closer look provided by Popular Information shows just how hollow and questionable Daily Wire's success is. Playing on people's unchecked paranoia, the publication has relied on a noxious network of Facebook pages known for exploiting grotesque religious and racial hatred and other deliberately divisive content.
Artificially inflated numbers — The pages that promote The Daily Wire's content all point back to a couple known as Corey and Christy Pepple, who run the following Facebook pages: Mad World News, The New Resistance, Right Stuff, America First, and American Patriot. Each of those pages' bread-and-butter content consists of manipulated news posts, outdated and debunked conspiracy theories, and endless swaths of bigotry. These pages act as some of the most potent hotspots for racism, xenophobia, and paranoia about ethnic, racial, and religious minorities.
Over the last three months alone, these pages have garnered 31 million engagements, exceeding the reach of The New York Times, The Washington Post, and The Huffington Post in the same timeframe. In May alone, The Daily Wire received a whopping 60,616,745 engagements through aggregated publishing across these pages. Titles include manipulative content about the Black Lives Matter protests, the coronavirus, Muslim immigrants, and more. It is an insidious social media strategy based on exacerbating people's fears and hatred of others.
Unsurprisingly, the couple behind these pages doesn't sound in the least remorseful for the horrors they peddle. Instead, they seem to relish it. "We [all] like division," Christy Pepple said in 2018 interview with The New York Times. "We thrive on it."
Lest we forget — Facebook's branded content policy requires pages to be upfront and transparent about sponsored content:
We define branded content as a creator or publisher's content that features or is influenced by a business partner for an exchange of value. Creators must use the branded content tool to tag the featured third party product, brand, or business partner with their prior consent. Branded content may only be posted by Facebook Pages and profiles and Instagram accounts with access to the branded content tool.
Shapiro and Zuckerberg know each other — Time and again, as The Popular Information notes, it looks like The Daily Wire and Mad World News have a business relationship. Such a transactional dynamic has to be disclosed under Facebook's branded content policy, but neither Shapiro's publication nor the Pepples' network mention it, or use the available tools to denote it. In a comment to Popular Information, a Facebook spokesperson claimed that the pages did not violate the company's branded policy rules.
And while it's not clear if Facebook and The Daily Wire have an internal agreement over content engagement and branded posts, Shapiro and Mark Zuckerberg have a relationship, and have previously socialized in person. Shapiro is unlikely to care about these findings, as he seems to flourish in controversy and public humiliation, but Zuckerberg — who likes to present himself as progressive to the public, and to shareholders — would do well to look into the poison his network is enabling.
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Open access peer-reviewed chapter
Electrospun Nanofibrous Membranes for Water Treatment
By Mohammad Mahdi A. Shirazi, Saeed Bazgir and Fereshteh Meshkani
Submitted: January 13th 2019Reviewed: June 10th 2019Published: March 4th 2020
Home > Books > Advances in Membrane Technologies
Nanofibrous structures offer a lot of fascinating features due to large specific surface area. This makes them promising for a wide range of applications, most specifically water treatment. This new generation of highly porous membranes exhibits great prospect to be used in various separation applications due to their distinguished features such as remarkably high porosity (≥90%) and interconnected 3D pore structure. As compared with the conventional techniques, Electrospinning has been highlighted for developing unique porous membranes. Electrospun nanofibrous membranes have been more and more investigated to a lot of advanced water treatment purposes. This chapter reviews the updates on electrospun nanofibrous membranes with a particular prominence in recent accomplishments, bottlenecks, and future perspectives in water treatment. To start, the basic principles of electrospinning are discussed. Next, past and recent efforts for fabricating electrospun MF membranes for various applications are reviewed. The application of electrospun nanofibers as the scaffold for TFC (thin-film composite) membranes in the pressure- and osmotic-membrane processes is then introduced. The new application of electrospun nanofibrous membranes for the thermally-driven MD (membrane distillation) process for water treatment as well as strategies for performance enhancement is discussed. To finish, conclusions and perspectives are stated according to recent developments.
electrospinning
MF/UF/NF/FO
membrane distillation
chapter and author info
Mohammad Mahdi A. Shirazi
Department of Chemical Engineering, Engineering Faculty, University of Kashan, Iran
Membrane Industry Development Institute, Iran
Saeed Bazgir*
Department of Polymer Engineering, Petroleum and Chemical Engineering Faculty, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Iran
Fereshteh Meshkani
*Address all correspondence to: bazgir@srbiau.ac.ir
From the Edited Volume
Advances in Membrane TechnologiesEdited by Amira Abdelrasoul
Advances in Membrane Technologies
Edited by Amira Abdelrasoul
Today, the world is facing many serious challenges among which the shortage of clean and drinkable water is highlighted [1]. Worldwide surveys indicated that roughly 1.2 billion people have insufficient availability to clean water, 2.6 billion have very limited or no cleanliness, and millions of people pass away every year because of the polluted water resources or other water-related challenges [2]. With the world population increase and environmental degradation, the undersupply of a fresh water production adds up to a serious alarm to the present status of the global water resources, specifically in the arid regions such as Africa and the Middle East. Water-related challenges are expected to grow worse very fast in the coming years with increasing population and consequently increasing industrialization. All these concerns highlight the need for excessive investigation of promising strategies for beneficial water treatment with reasonable energy consumption and cost [3].
Recently, the role of nanotechnology in developing the new generation of water treatment technologies has become more hopeful. For instance, engineered nanomaterials are playing more impressive role in drinking water production through the seawater desalination, water recycling, and wastewater treatment [3, 4, 5]. Nanotechnology can provide a predominant perspective with regard to availability, sustainability, and long-term water quality. The extension of recently developed membranes, most specifically nanoengineered ones including reverse osmosis (RO) and nanofiltration (NF), has been required for water treatment [6]. RO technology can provide considerably high rejection for ions and contaminants. The NF membrane has been employed as a new separation barrier for providing higher permeate flux with lower operating pressure. The colloids and macromolecules can be eliminated by ultrafiltration (UF) membranes (pore size range: 2–100 nm) [7, 8, 9]. On the other hand, microfiltration (MF) is the most mature membrane-based liquid filtration process. It has been used for several years to eliminate the microparticles or biological entities. MF uses low operating pressures that make it an attractive separating technique for particles removal. MF membranes typically have pore diameter in the range of 0.1–10 μm [10, 11].
In case of water treatment, the NF membranes are more affordable compared to the RO membranes. They can efficiently remove different minerals and salts, multivalent ions and cations, as well as pathogens (such as fungus, molds, virus, and bacteria) existing in groundwater and surface sources [12]. Besides the aforementioned advantages, these conventional membrane processes have a number of bottlenecks. Among the major challenges, osmotic pressure limitation, fouling and scaling, and limited porosity (≤80%) are a number of highlighted bottlenecks of conventional membranes. This can be pointed out that these weak points go back to the fabrication methods used for the conventional membranes. Table 1 summarizes the conventional methods for different membrane fabrications. The phase inversion method is mostly practical for MF and UF membranes. This is a widely used fabrication method for porous membranes. However, there are two important challenges attributed to this method including limited affordable pore size range and contamination by the residual solvent. The interfacial polymerization method is the only fabrication technique in the commercial scale for NF membranes. Using this technique, the thickness of the top selective layer can be controlled but not in a favorable way. Both stretching and track-etching methods are practical for MF membranes, which can be also used in the membrane distillation (MD) process. A wide range of pore sizes and pore size distributions can be achieved. However, the obtained membranes via stretching and track-etching techniques can be weak for their mechanical strength [3, 6, 8, 12, 13, 14].
MF, UF, & RO Phase inversion
It is a de-mixing technique.
Firstly, homogeneous polymer solution should be prepared.
Then, membrane can be fabricated in a controlled manner from a liquid phase to a solid state.
RO: 2–5 Å
UF: 0.01–0.1 μm
MF: 0.1–0.5 μm
Pore size range is limited.
Residual solvent contamination.
NF Interfacial polymerization
The most prominent fabrication method for TFC membranes.
It has been progressed specifically for NF membranes.
0.001–0.01 μm
Controlling the selective layer thickness.
Remaining the residual solvent.
MF & MD Stretching
Heated polymer is stretched to make it porous.
This is a solvent-free fabrication.
0.1–1 μm
Controlling the pore size.
Lack of mechanical strength.
MF & MD Track-etching
Irradiating a nonporous polymeric film energetic heavy ions.
0.1–10 μm
Hard to control the pore size.
Weak mechanical strength.
An overview of the conventional membranes for water treatment [3, 6, 8, 12, 13, 14].
As conventional methods such as sedimentation, flocculation, and coagulation as well as carbon active adsorption are not capable to sufficiently remove the contaminants from water, membrane technologies have been playing an essential role in this field to meet the international healthcare standards [13]. Therefore, working on the new generation of membranes that can overcome the aforementioned bottlenecks is a must-investigate and attractive subject. Recent progresses and improvements in the water treatment are based on a new generation of filtration media known as “Electrospun Nanofibrous Membranes.”
Electrospinning is an emerging and unique fabrication technique, and a straightforward nanofiber production technology that can produce nanofibrous nonwovens. This is an easy and simple method for producing nanofibers with cost-effective potential for developing from lab scale to pilot and industrial scales. Electrospinning has opened new and interesting perspectives for a wide range of applications in four main sectors including environment, catalyst, energy, and health [14, 15]. Figure 1 shows the major applications of electrospun nanofibers.
Four major applications of nanofibers including: environment and filtration, catalyst and fuel cell, energy and sensors, and health and tissue engineering.
The specific features of electrospun nanofibers make them an ideal candidate for other applications including functionalized composite structures [16], electrode materials for batteries [17] and energy devices such as solar cells [18], protective clothing [19], food and agriculture [20], and tissue engineering [21]. Having considered this, it should be mentioned that the electrospun nanofibers are limitless from applications point of view. Among various nanofiber fabrication methods, electrospinning is the most promising and versatile one, and still new experiences in order to develop and improve it are being investigated.
There is no doubt that polymer fibers in the nanometric range are gaining much more attention in their application as filtration media compared to other applications. This is due to their unique features for liquid and air filtration purposes. By retouching the operating variables and dope solution content, nanoengineered membranes with nanofibrous structure can be fabricated [22]. Small pore size and its narrow distribution, as well as considerable high porosity, enable the electrospun membranes to efficiently separate out contaminants in water and wastewater treatment [23]. The high specific surface area of the nanofibrous membranes can also enhance their sorbent performance for heavy metals and desired pollutants [24, 25]. Recently, there has been a considerable progressive trend in growing of electrospinning for fabricating filtration membranes. Figure 2 shows the number of the published articles covering three main keywords (i.e., electrospinning, electrospun, and membranes) for various filtration applications. For different filtration purposes, nanofibrous membrane properties, structures, and functionalities have been progressively enhanced toward new applications. Not only new materials coupled with functionalization methods, but also advanced characterization techniques have attracted more attention to electrospinning for membrane fabrication [26]. This chapter emphasizes on recent progresses on development of the electrospun nanofibrous membranes with a particular focus on recent accomplishments, bottlenecks, and perspectives in the water treatment applications.
Publication trend from 2010 to 2018 for the electrospun membranes applied to various filtration purposes, based on the Google Scholar research using three main keywords (electrospinning, electrospun, and membranes) (April 22nd, 2019).
2. Electrospinning technique
The first observation of the electrospinning technique dates back to 1897, which was experienced by Rayleigh. It was then studied in detail by Zenely in 1914 and firstly was patented by Formhals in 1934 (US Patent: 2116942) [27]. In 1969, Taylor introduced a fundamental concept in electrospinning, i.e., Taylor cone. This work has laid the principle for electrospinning [28]. Taylor studied on the jet formation process, fundamentally. The well-known cone shape in electrospinning that is the polymer droplet at the needle tip was firstly studied by him. The proposed cone may form when an electric field is applied between the needle tip and the collector. This led to naming it the ‘Taylor Cone” in the literature. A number of US patents explaining this technique and more specifically the applied experimental apparatus in electrospinning were then issued by Formhals from 1944. Notwithstanding, in spite of early introduction and mentioned achievements, it did not receive considerable attention until the early 1990s [29]. Afterward, attentiveness for electrospinning was quickened. This was due to the availability of new polymers and the higher demand for new applications of nanotechnology. After that, a lot of teams at universities and research institutes have extensively worked on the electrospinning process and its scale-up, as well as enhancement of nanofiber characteristics and applications.
2.2 Process description
The term “electrospinning,” which seems to have been derived from “electrostatic-spinning,” has been used for 60 years. In electrospinning process, electrostatic forces are used to produce fine fibers in the range from a few nanometers to micrometers from a polymer in solvent solution. To generate the nanofibers, high voltage (DC, kVs) should be used. In electrospinning, the strong electrical repulsive forces should overcome the surface tension, which is the weaker force in the polymer-solvent solution [30]. Typically, two major electrospinning setups have been used, which are categorized based on the needle-to-collector configuration including vertical and horizontal. Recently, several research groups have put effort on developing more sophisticated systems that enable them to prepare nanofibers with more complex structures in a more beneficial way. Electrospinning can be conducted at ambient conditions, i.e., room temperature and atmospheric pressure [15, 31].
A classic electrospinning system consists of four major sections including a needle or spinneret, a syringe pump for injecting the dope solution trough the needle/spinneret, a high-voltage supplier for charging the dope solution, and a metal collector plate or drum for collecting the fabricated fibers [32]. Figure 3 shows the general scheme of the electrospinning system.
A general scheme of the typical electrospinning setup, typical needles used in electrospinning and applied forces on the solution jet (from the needle tip to the collector). The system consists of a syringe pump, a spinneret (needle), a high-voltage system, and a collector (flat plate or rotating drum).
A polymer should be dissolved in an appropriate solvent for preparing the dope solution. When the polymer is completely dissolved and degassed, it is ready for electrospinning. The dope solution can be then introduced into the needle for nanofiber formation. A high voltage source should be used in order to accelerate the jet of polymer-solvent solution toward the collector. It should be noted that the electrical conductivity of the dope solution should be high enough to enhance the electrospinnability of the dope solution. However, some polymers may emit unpleasant conductivity, so proper additives (mostly salts) should be mixed with the polymer solution to intensify the conductivity [33].
As mentioned earlier, for a successful electrospinning, the surface tension force should be overcome by repulsive electrical forces. Thus, the imposed electric field should attain a specific value, i.e., the minimum required high-voltage power. Finally, a charged polymer jet is emitted from the Taylor cone located at the spinneret tip. Then, a fast whipping and an unstable polymer jet flies from the spinneret toward the collector. The ejection is then followed by solvent evaporation, leaving a polymer behind [28, 34]. That is why the electrospinning technique has been investigated as a simple and versatile alternative for nanofiber formation.
2.3 Operating parameters in electrospinning
Both polymeric and inorganic nanofibrous membranes can be promisingly fabricated using the electrospinning technique. This technique can use a wide range of materials with high speed and low cost for membrane fabrication. Furthermore, the pore size, the fiber diameter, as well as the fiber arrangement can be easily controlled by this technique. The operating parameters of electrospinning can significantly affect the fiber morphologies, topography, and microstructure. In the main, effecting operating parameters in electrospinning can be classified in three major groups including the (1) process parameters, (2) dope (polymer-solvent solution) parameters, and (3) environment parameters [35, 36]. Figure 4 classified the parameters that can affect the electrospinning process.
Three main categories of effective operating parameters in the electrospinning process including (1) process parameters, (2) polymer solution parameters, and (3) environmental parameters.
2.3.1 Process parameters
A number of process parameters can crucially ensure the conversion of the polymeric solution into smooth and nano-size fibers via electrospinning. When the applied voltage is higher than the sill voltage, a polymer jet that is charged is flied from the Taylor cone at the needle tip [37]. The effect of the imposed high voltage on the fiber has been previously discussed by several groups. For instance, Beachley and Wen [38] studied the electrospinning of the polycaprolactone. The authors concluded that using higher voltages can decrease both the fiber diameter and the fiber length. However, the fiber diameter can decrease at the desirable level of magnitude. Moreover, using higher voltages increased the uniformity of the fibers. However, according to Yordem and coworkers, the applied voltage showed negligible effect on the fiber diameter for electrospinning of polyacrylonitrile [39]. Both of these results have been discussed in the literature. Many other researchers have concluded that increasing the applied voltage can increase the fiber diameter, while few researches have reported that high applied voltage can reduce the fiber diameter [40]. Moreover, it has been claimed in the literature that high applied voltage can increase the probability of bead formation on the fiber structure [41, 42]. As a result, it can be concluded that the applied voltage can influence the fiber diameter; however, it is a function of solution characteristics.
Another essential process parameter is the dope injection flow rate. It has been discussed that the low flow rate can provide sufficient time for polymerization of the polymer-solvent solution. However, high feed flow rate can increase the expectancy of bead-on-fiber formation [43]. Moreover, further increase in the injection flow rate can lead to change the fiber formation through the electrospinning to bead formation through electrospraying [44, 45, 46]. The applied needle can also affect the fiber morphology. Typically, spinneret with larger inner diameter can fabricate fibers with large diameter as well. Moreover, the fiber productivity can also increase simultaneously. However, far too little attention has been paid to this operating parameter [47, 48].
It has been discussed in the literature that the tip-to-collector can also affect the fiber morphology. When the distance between the tip and the collector is short, wet fibers do not have enough time for drying and solidifying before touching the collector. On the other hand, when the proposed distance is too long, the number of beads can increase dramatically. It is worth noting that the characteristics of the dope solution, such as polymer molecular weight and solvent volatility, can influence the fiber solidification. Therefore, the optimum tip-to-collector distance should be investigated for each case individually [49, 50]. Table 2 summarizes the effect of process parameters on the electrospun fibers.
Summary of the effects of process parameters on nanofiber morphology.
2.3.2 Solution parameters
There is no doubt that the preparation of the dope solution is the most important step in the production of nanofibrous membranes. To prepare the dope solution, at least a polymer material should be dissolved in an appropriate solvent. Therefore, all the factors including polymer molecular weight and polymer concentration, as well as solvent type, can significantly affect the fiber morphology. The aforementioned parameters can directly affect the characteristics of the dope solution such as viscosity, conductivity, and surface tension, and consequently all of them influence the electrospinnability and fiber morphology, as well [25]. Over 200 different polymers can potentially be used for electrospinning. Table 3 summaries the typical polymers and corresponding solvents that have been used in electrospinning.
Typical polymers and solvent candidates, recommended concentration and perspective of applications.
Polymer concentration is a key parameter in the electrospinning technique. Using low polymer concentration leads to electrospraying rather than electrospinning. It can then produce particles, mostly in spherical shape, with the size from micro- to a few nanometers [51, 52]. By increasing the polymer concentration, a mixture of beads, bead-on-fiber, and fiber can be formed. Smooth fibers in the range of nanometer to micrometer can be observed when the polymer concentration reaches the optimum level. By imposing very high polymer concentration, helix-shaped microribbons can be obtained [53, 54, 55].
The viscosity of the dope solution can be demonstrated by the degree of entanglement of the polymeric chains in the solution. This is a function of the molecular weight of the polymer. Therefore, it can be concluded that the polymer molecular weight can influence the morphology of the electrospun nanofibers [56].
As it has been already mentioned, the viscosity of the dope solution is a crucial parameter affecting the microstructure and morphology of the electrospun fibers. It has been discussed in the literature that continuous nanofibers with smooth surface cannot be fabricated using a dope solution with very low viscosity. On the other hand, very high viscosity reduces the electrospinnability due to the ejection difficulty of the solution jets from the needle tip [57, 58]. Therefore, the optimum viscosity for the dope solution should be measured for each polymer-solvent system, individually. It should be noted that the viscosity of the dope solution is proportional to the polymer concentration and polymer molecular weight. All these can then affect the surface tension of the dope solution. Therefore, for a solution with low viscosity, beads or nanofibers with bead-on-structure can be formed. However, continuous nanofibers can be formed by using a dope solution with optimum viscosity [59, 60].
Surface tension, which is another important parameter, is proportional to the solvent compositions of the dope solution. It is indicated in the literature that using different solvents can lead to different surface tensions [61, 62]. Low surface tension can lead to smooth fibers under the constant polymer concentration. Moreover, the mass ratio of the solvent mixture can affect the surface tension and viscosity of the dope solution [63]. Although some impurities can be imposed to the dope solution by using surfactants, however, they can easily reduce the surface tension. Recent researches show that using surfactants not only reduces the surface tension of the dope solution but also enhances the electrical conductivity. Thus, it can then improve the morphology of the nanofibers [64, 65].
The conductivity of a dope solution is a function of the dissolved polymer and solvent. When a polymer solution with low charge density is introduced to the electrospinning system, it can result in higher surface tension under an applied electric field. This can form poor-quality nanofibers [66]. Furthermore, ionic salts, such as CTAB (cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide), LiCl (lithium chloride), NaCl (sodium chloride), and NaNO3 (sodium nitrate), can be added to the system for adjusting the electrical conductivity of the dope solution. As a result of enhancing the solution conductivity, nanofibers with a more uniform diameter and smooth morphology can be prepared. Further to ionic salts, organic acids can be also used as the solvent to enhance the electrical conductivity of the dope solution [67, 68].
The volatility of the applied solvent to prepare the dope solution can directly affect the fiber production and morphology. Using solvent with low volatility can lead to form wet fibers and fused fibers, as well. However, using a highly volatile solvent can cause intermittent electrospinning. This is due to the solidification of the polymer at the needle tip [69, 70]. It can even cause the artifacts on the membrane surface. Therefore, it can be discussed that using a highly volatile solvent can form flat or ribbon-like fibers or even fibers with pore-on-surface structure [71, 72]. Table 4 summaries the effect of solution parameters on the resultant nanofiber membranes.
Solution parameter
Effect(s) on morphology
Concentration Fiber diameter
Higher concentration can make the jet elongation harder and slower.
So, it can increase the fiber diameter and membrane pore size, as well.
Solution viscosity Fiber diameter
Higher viscosity leads to more difficult elongation.
It can then lead to increasing the fiber diameter and the membrane pore size, as well.
▲▲
Surface tension Fiber diameter
Using dope solution with lower surface tension can form thinner fibers.
This is attributed to the easier jet elongation.
Soon, both the fiber diameter and membrane pore size can decrease.
Solution conductivity Fiber diameter and bead formation
Using higher conductive dope solution can prevent the bead formation.
This is due to higher charged solution jet.
Thus, fiber diameter and membrane pore size can decrease, considerably.
Solvent Fiber diameter and bead formation
Dielectric constant of the used solvent can directly affect the fiber diameter.
Thus, a proper solvent can form more stable nanofibers.
Higher solvent volatility can increase the fiber diameter.
Porous fibers can be formed using highly volatile solvents.
Summary of the effects of dope solution parameters on nanofiber morphology.
2.3.3 Environmental parameters
Environmental parameters including temperature and humidity can also affect the nanofiber morphology [73]. It is concluded in the literature that thinner fibers can be fabricated using high temperatures. Lower humidity can also accelerate the solvent evaporation, while larger fibers can be formed in high humidity [74, 75]. The environmental parameters not only affect the nanofiber morphology but also can influence the performance of the resultant nanofibrous membrane [76]. For instance, using high humidity environment can act as a pore forming strategy on the polystyrene fiber surface. This is really favorable when nanofibers are used for oil-spill cleanup [77, 78]. Table 5 presents the influences of the environmental parameters on the morphology of nanofibrous membranes.
Humidity Fiber morphology and surface structure
At low humidity, the jet elongation time can be prolonged.
Thus, both the fiber diameter and pore size can decrease, considerably.
In case of formation of beads, they will be sticky.
Temperature Fiber diameter and surface structure
The temperature can be imposed into both the collector and the dope solution.
The effect of each one should be investigated.
At low temperatures, the jet elongation time can be prolonged.
This leads to thinner fibers and membrane pore size, as well.
Effects of the electrospinning environment on the nanofiber morphology.
2.4 Characterization of electrospun membranes
Having an electrospun membrane with proper structure is not enough for the water treatment purpose. Actually, deep knowledge of the used polymer and additives, morphology, and specifications is conclusive for water treatment applications [79]. Various characterization methods can be directly used for examining the membrane performance for water treatment. The results of this step can be directly used for adjusting the electrospinning parameters in order to develop new membranes with enhanced performance. The characterization methods can be classified into two main groups covering a wide range of techniques [80, 81].
These techniques have been widely used to measure the characteristics of nanofibrous membranes such as pore size and its distribution, surface roughness, nanofiber diameter, surface energy (hydrophobicity or hydrophilicity), elemental structure, chemical composition, and membrane fouling potential [82, 83, 84, 85]. Among all the characteristics of the electrospun nanofibrous membranes, the most critical ones for water treatment purposes are pore size, surface morphology, and surface energy [33]. The typical structure (both morphology and topography) of an electrospun nanofibrous membrane made of polystyrene is shown in Figure 5. Different characterization techniques and possible obtained results for analyzing the electrospun nanofibrous membranes have been comprehensively discussed in the literature [33, 85].
SEM images of an electrospun nanofibrous membrane made of polystyrene, and drop-on-surface images of different liquids.
2.5 Different configurations of electrospinning system
As it has been already mentioned, a prototypal electrospinning system consists of four main parts including the high-voltage supplier, the syringe pump for injecting the dope solution into the needle, a needle (in the needle-based electrospinning system), and the metal collector [86]. In electrospinning, a solution jet that elongated under high-voltage electrical field forms the nanofibers. The nanofiber formation includes three essential steps: (1) the beginning of jetting to develop a rectilinear jet of the dope solution, (2) curving deformation through twisting and spiraling paths, and (3) solidification of solution jet to form nanofiber via solvent evaporation, and finally nanofiber collection on the grounded collector [87, 88, 89].
Based on the spinneret design, generally there are two configurations including needle-based electrospinning and needleless electrospinning. The latter one was not discussed in this chapter. In the needle-based electrospinning, the designs of the needle and the collector are also crucial parameters affecting the nanofiber morphology. Teo and Ramakrishna comprehensively reviewed different electrospinning configurations [90]. In another work, Liao and coworkers [91] comprehensively reviewed different configurations of electrospinning systems based on the spinneret and collector designs.
3. Applications of electrospun nanofibrous membranes for water treatment
Polymeric membranes with porous structure can be prepared via a wide range of techniques such as the well-known phase inversion, stretching and track-etching, etc. [92, 93]. Each technique has a number of advantages and disadvantages, as well. Phase inversion is the most investigated membrane fabrication technique. In this method, a target polymer should be dissolved in a proper solvent to prepare the casting solution. Both flat-sheet and tubular membranes can be formed. This is a simple, promising, and easy-to-scale-up method, which can fabricate membranes with 80% porosity [94]. Membranes with symmetric structure can be fabricated via sintering method. The prepared membranes can have the mean pore size between 0.1 and 10 μm. Although this solvent-free technique is suitable for membrane fabrication using chemically stable materials (such as ceramics, polyethylene, and PTFE), however, it will be hard to achieve pores below 100 nm. Moreover, the maximum porosity of 10–20% can be achieved [95, 96]. Symmetric membranes with mean pore size between 0.1 and 3 μm can be also fabricated via the stretching method. This technique is mostly practical for preparing the PTFE membranes. Stretched membranes can hold the porosity between 60 and 80%. However, needing high operating temperature is a bottleneck for this technique. Membranes with narrow pore size can be prepared by track-etching technique. Cylindrical pores with sizes between 0.02 and 10 μm can be fabricated using this method. However, the number of suitable polymers to using in this technique is limited [97].
Recently, the electrospinning technique has also been inspected for fabrication of porous membranes. In contrast to the above-mentioned conventional fabrication techniques, membranes with narrower pore size, considerably higher porosity, and pore structure with interconnected free volume can be fabricated by the electrospinning method. That is why electrospun nanofibrous membranes have attracted more attention for water treatment purposes through different membrane separation processes.
3.1 Electrospun membranes for pressure-driven processes
The applied driving force is a proper measure for classification of membrane processes for water treatment. Hydraulic pressure difference by imposing a positive pressure on the feed channel is the driving force for microfiltration, ultrafiltration, nanofiltration, and reverse osmosis processes. The applied pressure separates contaminated water into two streams: the clean stream, which is the permeate phase, and the contaminated stream, which is the retentate phase [98]. Figure 6 illustrates the favorable separation target for the pressure-driven membrane processes in water treatment applications.
Overview of the separation target for pressure-driven membrane processes in water treatment applications.
In water treatment by pressure-driven membrane processes, there is an input stream (feed) into the module, while two streams exit it including the partially purified permeate and the highly contaminated retentate [99]. The retentate phase should follow further treatment steps before being discharged. The most important parameter that governs the water treatment role of pressure-driven membranes is their selectivity, which changes from MF to RO. Moreover, the applied pressure differs from each process. Depending on the applied membrane, different contaminants can be removed from the feed stream. Suspended particles, oil emulsions, and partially bacteria can be eliminated using MF membranes. UF membranes are more promising for removing the cells, colloidal haze, and partially viruses [100, 101, 102]. Recently, nanofiltration has been actively used for efficient separation of divalent ions, as well as proteins, macromolecules, and even submolecular organic groups from water and wastewater streams [103, 104]. However, in order to remove the monovalent ions and produce a safe and drinkable water, RO is the most promising option [105, 106]. Here in this section, the applications of electrospun membranes with nanofibrous structure applied to the pressure-driven membrane processes for water treatment are investigated.
3.1.1 Electrospun membranes for MF process
Microfiltration (MF), which is the most mature membrane process, works based on the sieving filtration theory [107]. Typical pore size values for MF membranes rely on 0.1–1.0 μm. Porous barriers with larger pore size than that of 1.0 μm are actually filters, not membranes, and they are usually used as prefilters for removing the large particles. Having higher porosity and narrower pore size distribution makes the electrospun nanofibrous MF membrane a promising alternative for conventional MF.
The first attempt for using electrospun MF membrane for water filtration was reported by Gopal and coworkers [108]. In this work, the authors used PVDF (polyvinylidene fluoride) for fabricating the nanofibrous membrane for removing the polystyrene particles with 1, 5, and 10 μm diameters. Results indicated that the prepared membrane could effectively remove more than 90% of the microparticles. Based on the characterization results, the fabricated membranes showed similar features to those of the commercial MF membranes. This work opened up a new window exploring the use of electrospun membrane water treatment applications. In another work, Barhate and coworkers studied on the effect of electrospinning conditions, such as the applied high voltage, tip-to-collector distance, and the rotational speed of the collector on the morphology and permeability of the nanofibrous PAN membrane [109]. Results of this work indicated that electrospinning parameters considerably affect the fiber arrangements while collecting the nanofibers. Moreover, coordinating the drawing and collection rates can control the pore size distribution.
To better understand the effect of nanofibrous structure on the separation performance of electrospun membranes, various polymers have been used for fabricating the membrane samples, such as PES (polyether sulfones), PC (polycarbonate), PAN (polyacrylonitrile), nylon 6, PET (polyethylene terephthalate), and PSU (polysulfone) [110, 111, 112, 113, 114]. In these works, the performance of electrospun membranes with different characteristics including nanofiber diameters and membrane thicknesses was studied. Almost in all mentioned works, it has been concluded that the morphology and structure of the investigated nanofibrous membrane significantly affect the filtration performance.
Commercial polymers such as PSU and PVDF become more hydrophobic when electrospun into a nanofibrous membrane as compared with the virgin polymer material. However, hydrophilic membranes are more beneficial in direct water filtration. Thus, lower permeate flux and more fouling tendency are expected. Therefore, surface treatment via chemical modification can improve the flux and solute rejection, which all means higher separation performance of the electrospun membrane [115]. For instance, a highly hydrophilic electrospun membrane was fabricated by Kaur and coworkers [116]. The membrane was fabricated based on PVDF. In order to prepare the dope solution, PVDF polymer was mixed with a number of macromolecules for surface modification. The dope solution was then used for fabrication of nanofibrous membrane samples. The authors concluded that the hydrophilic effect of the modifiers could possibly be due to the orientation of the hydrophilic groups adopted during electrospinning on the surface. Results indicated that under the constant operating pressure the blended electrospun membrane provided higher permeate flux as compared with the nonblended electrospun membrane. The authors claimed that the proposed study highlighted the potential benefits of the newly developed hydrophilic membrane for water treatment purposes under low operating pressures [116]. Table 6 lists the recently published works on the electrospun MF membranes.
2017 Materials
PAN (Mw: 150,000 g/mol)
N,N-dimethylformamide
Dope: 11 wt.%
Voltage: 15 kV
Tip-to-collector: 15 cm
Flow: 1 mL/h
Feed: Oily wastewater
Flux: 6898–18,614 LMH
Rejection: 42.8–98.1%
Polyvinyl acetate (Mw 140,000 g/mol)
Flow: 0.18 mL/h
Tip-to-collector: 8.8 cm
Temperature 25°C
Flux: 1400–6700 LMH
Rejection: 93–99%
PAN (Mw = 150,000 g mol−1)
Dope: 7, 10, and 12 wt.%
Needle ID: 0.4 mm
Flow: 0.5 mL/h
Feed: Suspended particles
Flux: 712-6810 LMH
PAN (250,000 g/mol)
Hyperbranched polyethyleneimine (Mw = 1800 g/mol)
Porosity: 70–73%
Rejection: ˃96%
Tip-to-collector: 9 cm
Feed: Sludge particles from MBR
Flux recovery ratio: 72.4–96%
Recently published works on electrospun nanofibrous MF membranes.
3.1.2 Electrospun membranes for UF process
The applied membranes in the ultrafiltration (UF) process typically have pore sizes in the range of 0.01–0.1 μm. The operating pressure of the UF process typically varies between 1 and 10 bar. Using the UF membrane, large species such as particles, bacteria, and even protein are retentated. However, water and ions, as well as solutes with low molecular weight, can pass through the membrane pores [9]. The UF process plays a crucial role in the water treatment for rejecting different contaminants, viruses, bacteria, and colloids. Moreover, this is a promising pretreatment filtration for RO desalination [122, 123]. It is also a practical separation process in food industry, for instance for wastewater treatment or cheese processing [124].
Phase inversion is the most used technique for fabrication of the conventional UF membranes [125]. Therefore, low-to-moderate permeate flux and even high fouling rates are probable. Moreover, using the phase inversion method can also impose the challenge of the wide pore size distribution, which can limit the membrane performance for the water treatment. In better words, appearing large pores can cause the defect of pore fouling, as well as the chance of passing the high-risk contaminants through the pores. It can then be a bottleneck for different applications, more specifically the treatment of the potable water [126, 127].
On the other hand, an ideal UF membrane should be as isoporous as possible, which is hard to fabricate by the conventional phase inversion technique. Having high porosity and surface isoporosity of pores needs a thin selective layer with high permeability that cannot be formed by the typical phase inversion. Although this can be achieved by other techniques such as self-assembly [128], however, a highly microporous and hydrophilic scaffold is needed. This is then the right point for highlighting the role of the electrospun nanofibrous substrate for UF membranes [129].
For instance, Bahmani and coworkers [130] studied on the arsenate removal from contaminated water using a new thin-film composite membrane. The new membrane structure consists of a substrate made of PET, nanofibrous scaffold, and a top selective layer made of PAN. The authors used the cetylpyridinium chloride pretreatment step to effectively reject the arsenate ions. Results indicated that the newly developed membrane showed 172–520% higher permeate flux as compared with a commercial UF membrane. In case of the arsenate rejection, the UF membrane based on the nanofibrous scaffold was 1.1–1.3 times more efficient than the commercial UF membrane.
In another work, Mokhena and coworkers [131] studied on the development of a three-tier composite membrane with high flux. The membrane structure composed of three main layers including (bottom to up): (i) a nonwoven layer for improving the mechanical feature, (ii) electrospun scaffold made of alginate, and (iii) a selective layer made of chitosan and chitosan-silver nanoparticles. Electrospinning of alginate with the aid of synthetic electrospinnable polyethylene oxide and ionically cross-linked with calcium chloride was investigated. It was then followed by the chemical cross-linking using glutaraldehyde for fabricating the nanofibrous midlayer. The selective layer was well coated with silver nanoparticles, which considerably enhanced the antibacterial activity of the membrane (against both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria). Similar permeate flux and nanoparticle rejection (>98% for nanoparticles and >93% for oil, respectively) were achieved for both the membrane samples. Moreover, higher permeate flux and oil rejection were achieved for both the membrane samples as compared with the commercial UF membrane. The authors also discussed that the dye rejection was improved up to 95% by incorporating the silver nanoparticles. Finally, the authors concluded that the presence of the silver nanoparticles not only can improve the antibacterial activity of the membrane but also can enhance the dye removal and oil separation performances.
In order to develop more novel composite UF membranes based on an electrospun nanofibrous substrate, different materials have been used for preparing the selective layer. Moreover, both hydrophobic and hydrophilic polymers have been examined to prepare the nanofibrous substrate layer. The hydrophilic scaffolds have showed more promising performance, which attributed to their antifouling properties [132, 133]. Further studies should be conducted, not only for optimizing the characteristics of the electrospun layer (e.g., the morphology and the thickness) but also for fabricating a more permeable and antifouling top selective layer.
3.1.3 Electrospun membranes for NF process
Nanofiltration (NF) membranes lay hold of the lower range of UF membranes and upper range of RO membranes [134]. The molecular weight cutoff is the measure for defining the pore size in the NF membranes. The pore size in this class of pressure-driven membranes is in the range of 100–1000 Da. Nanofiltration membranes have been widely used for water treatment applications. This considerable interest in the NF membranes can be attributed to their remarkable performance for removing the color, taste, and odor, as well as softening and sterilizing capability. A good NF membrane is even capable of removing some trace organic contaminants and divalent ions [135, 136]. Similar to the MF and UF processes, the NF process is also driven by pressure on the feed side; however it uses higher operating pressure. The separation mechanism in the NF membranes involves sieving, which is based on the steric hindrance, and the Donnan effect, which is based on the electrostatic forces. Despite an RO membrane that can remove the monovalent ions, an NF membrane can remove both multivalent and divalent ions [137, 138] (see Figure 6). Thus, the NF membranes can be effectively used for water and wastewater treatments [139, 140].
Currently, the commercially available NF membranes are thin-film membranes with composite structure. The structure of these membranes consists of a slender selective top layer (with nanometric thickness), which is mostly fabricated via the interfacial polymerization technique [141]. As it has been already stated, both the substrate layer and its porosity have an important role in enhancing the performance of the thin-film membranes. This is because of the possibility of the effective flow path via the selective layer. Nanofibrous substrates can be investigated as a promising substrate due to their remarkable porosity. This is particularly more promising for the NF membranes rather than the RO membranes, due to lower applied pressure and lower compressive forces, as well.
As one of the first efforts in this field, Tang and coworkers [142] studied on a thin-film membrane with composite structure for NF experiments. The proposed membranes showed a low fouling tendency. The membrane structure consisted of a thin hydrophilic top layer, a nanofibrous scaffold as the sublayer, and a nonwoven support with microfibrous structure. In order to prepare the PES (polyethersulfone)-made nanofibrous scaffold layer, the authors studied on the effect of solution flow rate, additives, solute concentration, and solvent mixture ratio, as well as the relative humidity. The fabricated membranes were then characterized for the morphology, the fiber diameter, and its distribution. The adhesion between the PES nanofibrous layer and the nonwoven support, which was made of PET (polyethylene terephthalate), was also examined. Moreover, the membrane samples were tested for the tensile feature. Results indicated that the obtained permeate flux was more promising for the newly developed membrane. Moreover, the authors concluded that the uniformity of the nanofibrous PES sublayer, as well as its adhesion to the PET nonwoven support, should be optimized [142].
In another example, Yoon and coworkers [143] used the PAN polymer for electrospinning of the nanofibrous web as the midlayer support in fabricating a thin-film membrane with nanofibrous composite structure. The membrane samples were used for the high flux NF process. Interfacial polymerization technique was used for fabrication of the top selective layer. To do this, the authors used polyamide solution containing different ratios of bipiperidine and piperazine. The new membrane samples were then tested for evaluation of their permeate flux and rejection in an NF system. Three commercial NF membranes were used as the control for comparing the results of the newly developed membranes. An MgSO4 (2000 ppm) solution, which stood for the divalent salt solution, was used for all NF tests. Results indicated that the new membrane based on the electrospun scaffold provided considerably higher permeate flux (over 2.4 times) as compared with the commercial membranes, while maintaining the same rejection rate of ∼98% [143].
Recently, Liu and coworkers [144] used the dope solution made of nylon 6 to fabricate a nanofibrous scaffold via the solution blowing technology. The fabrication procedure was followed by hot-press step to fabricate a sublayer for an NF membrane. Afterward, a very thin selective layer was fabricated by the interfacial polymerization technique. The authors then studied the effects of different nanofibrous sublayers on the characteristics of the selective layer of the fabricated NF membranes, as well as the filtration performance. Results indicated that the best concentration of nylon 6 for preparation of the nanofiber scaffold was 15 wt.%. The corresponding nanofibrous web had a proper morphology and fiber diameter distribution. Using this nanofibrous scaffold, the fabricated NF membrane had a smoother surface and remarkable separation performance. Using the best membrane sample, pure water flux of 13.1 LMH and salt rejection of 81.3 and 85.1% for NaCl and Na2SO4 were achieved, respectively.
It is worth quoting that for preparing the electrospun NF membranes, not only the nanofibrous support layer should be optimized but also the protocol for the interfacial polymerization should be developed properly [145].
All in all, electrospinning is a promising and simple technique to prepare highly porous substrates with three-dimensional interconnected pore structures for the pressure-driven membranes. Most of the previously published works have focused on fabricating the substrate layer of the thin-film composite membranes [146]. However, the stability of the selective top layer under high operating pressures, mostly in the NF process, should be studied more. Moreover, enhancing the antifouling properties in the real water treatment experiments, as well as the scale-up strategies for industrial fabrication of the nanofibrous-based pressure-driven membranes, is another concern.
3.2 Electrospun membranes for thermally-driven processes
The previously discussed pressure-driven membrane processes are all isothermal separation techniques. Recently, a new nonisothermal membrane separation technique has been introduced, which is a combination of the conventional distillation and the membrane separation. This separation technique, which uses the vapor-pressure difference as the driving force, has been called “membrane-distillation” process [147]. Membrane distillation (MD) is an impressive separation technique wherein a porous hydrophobic membrane is used to separate the feed channel (hot side) and the permeate channel (cold side) [148].
MD process has four major configurations. All these configurations are the same for the feed channel, where the hot stream as the process liquid is in direct contact with the hydrophobic surface of the applied microporous membrane. The surface hydrophobicity of the used membrane prevents the process liquid from penetrating into its pores. This causes to form the liquid-vapor interface at the entrance of the pores on the membrane surface [149]. The four main MD configurations include DCMD (direct contact membrane distillation); SGMD (sweeping gas membrane distillation); AGMD (air-gap membrane distillation); and VMD (vacuum membrane distillation). Figure 7 shows the general scheme and defines the differences among the MD configurations.
The general scheme of the MD configurations, as well as the advantages of each one: (A) DCMD (a pure water stream with lower temperature than that of the feed flow is passed through the permeate channel), (B) SGMD (a cold inert gas stream sweeps out vapor molecules in the permeate channel), (C) VMD (vacuum pressure is applied in the permeate channel to suck out the volatile molecules), and (D) AGMD (an air-gap that is stagnant is involved between the membrane and a condensing surface with lower temperature placed inside the MD module).
There are a few crucial characteristics required for an MD membrane that significantly affect the performance, as well as the overall efficiency of the MD process. The applied membrane should have high LEP (liquid entry pressure) value, must be hydrophobic (or even superhydrophobic), must be as porous as possible with narrow pore-size distribution, and must have low tortuosity factor [150]. The MD membrane should also have proper chemical and mechanical properties. Nonetheless, the first generation of the MD membranes has been commercially available MF membranes, which have been made of hydrophobic polymers [151]. However, commercial MF membranes are still being used in various MD processes [152]. The second generation of the MD membranes is fabricated using commercially available polymers [153]. Recently, the electrospun nanofibrous membranes have attracted a lot of attention as the third generation of the MD membranes. This is attributed to their promising and exclusive characteristics including high porosity, three-dimensional interconnected pore structure, and reproducibility [22].
The first study in using an electrospun membrane for the MD process was published by Feng and coworkers in 2008 [154]. In this work, PVDF was used for fabricating the membrane sample. Saline water with 6 wt.% NaCl solution was used for the desalination experiments by the AGMD process. The authors reported a remarkable salt rejection, which was higher than 98%.
Mechanical durability is one of the most challenging bottlenecks of the electrospun nanofibrous membranes. Li and coworkers [155] studied on improving the mechanical features of the nanofibrous membranes with the use of nonwoven fabrics and spacer fabrics as the backing layer. The electrospun membrane samples were fabricated using the PVDF polymer. The authors investigated the effect of the support layer on the membrane characteristics (e.g., permeability, porosity, morphology, pore size and pore size distribution, hydrophobicity, and mechanical durability). Based on the obtained results, a 3D bead-fiber interconnected open structure and a rough membrane surface were observed for the newly developed membrane. The membrane samples were all hydrophobic with surface contact angles above 140°. Moreover, the stress at break and the elastic modulus of the new membrane samples increased by 4.5–16 times and 17.5–37 times, respectively, as compared with the nanofibrous membrane made of pure PVDF. Based on the obtained results, using the spacer fabrics as the support layer provided higher water fluxes as compared with the nonwoven-support membrane. The authors concluded that this can be attributed to the less mass transfer resistance of the spacer fabrics. The highest water flux in this study was up to 49.3 kg/m2/h when the hot stream temperature was set at 80°C. Moreover, the new composite membrane showed a reasonable long-term desalination performance.
In another work, Deka and coworkers [156] developed a novel electrospun membrane with high wetting resistance for MD-based desalination. In this study, the authors discussed that the perfluorinated membranes with superhydrophobic feature can be prepared and used as an alternative for seawater desalination. However, it has some negative environmental impacts due to the chemical structure of those membranes. Hence, other material options with low surface energy can have great relevancy in fabricating nanofibrous membranes. The authors claimed that the silica aerogel and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) can be investigated as the promising options. A new high flux membrane with a reasonable nonwettability performance was prepared by electrospraying technique of aerogel/PDMS/PVDF over electrospinning PVDF-co-hexafluoropropylene membrane. The obtained surface contact angle for the best membrane sample containing the 30% aerogel was measured at ∼170°, while the LEP value of 129.5 ± 3.4 kPa was achieved. The new membrane could be used in the desalination experiment for almost 7 days, continuously.
Only a few research groups have used the electrospun membranes for MD processes until 2014. These researches were comprehensively reviewed by Tijing and coworkers [157]. In another review paper, Shirazi and coworkers [33] also reviewed the published literature covering the fabrications and applications of the electrospun membranes from 2014 to 2017. Since then, a progressive trend has been observed for the preparation and application of the nanofibrous membranes via electrospinning for water treatment using the MD processes. Table 7 summaries some other examples of recently published works for the application of the electrospun membranes in the MD processes.
MD membrane
2018 AGMD
Polymer: PVDF (Mw: 275 kg/mol)
Solvent: DMF & acetone
Voltage: –
Needle: 18 G
Dope injection: 0.2 ml/h
Tip-to-collector: 150 mm
Pore size: 0.4–0.5 μm
Contact angle: 127–153°
LEP: 15–25 psi
Flux: 19.3–22.5 LMH
Rejection: >90%
2018 DCMD
Solvents: DMAc & acetone
Needle ID/OD: 0.6/0.9 mm
Dope injection: 1.23 mL/h
Tip-to-collector: 27.5 cm
Pore size: 509–945 nm
LEP: 7.9–17.4 kPa
Flux: 35–50 kg/m2 h
Polymer: SBS (C540 Galprene)
Solvent: DMF-THF (75/25)
Voltage: 1.0 kV/cm
Pore size: 0.58 μm
Contact angle: 132o
Porosity: 81%
Flux: 11.2 L/m2 h
Rejection: <99%
Recent examples on the applications of the electrospun membranes for MD processes.
To apply in the MD process, an electrospun nanofibrous membrane should be able to retain separation between the process liquid and the permeate product. Therefore, a hydrophobic or even a superhydrophobic membrane will be effective as it is considered to be the most efficient option for the water treatment applications [161]. Among different polymers, PVDF is the most investigated option for fabricating the electrospun nanofibrous membrane. This is due to the proper process ability of this polymer, mostly for membrane fabrication. Both beaded and bead-free nanofibers have been investigated for MD-based water treatment using the electrospun membranes. Surprisingly, beaded nanofibers showed a lower surface energy value (i.e., higher hydrophobicity), while the permeate flux from the smooth nanofibers was much better than that from the beaded nanofibers [162, 163]. More studies on new polymers for fabricating superhydrophobic electrospun membranes are needed, such as thermoplastics and elastomeric polymers that possess better mechanical strength.
3.3 Electrospun membranes for other applications
Mixing an immiscible or a nonsoluble liquid in another liquid can form emulsions or colloidal suspensions. Oily wastewaters can be investigated in this field [164]. In both of these mixtures, the dispersed liquid can form small and fine droplets, even with diameter of a few microns. Therefore, the proposed emulsion cannot easily be separated with the conventional techniques. An alternative for separation of oily wastewater is the coalescing filtration. However, conventional coalescers cannot efficiently separate the dispersed emulsions with diameter less than 1 μm. It is reported in the literature that the nanofibrous coalescing filters can promisingly separate the oily wastewater samples [165, 166].
For example, Kulkarni and coworkers [167] studied on fabricating the polypropylene-based filter media with fibers in different sizes of 300–900 nm using electrospinning. The electrospun fibers were blended with microglass fibers to form filters with composite structure. The prepared composite filters were then used for liquid-liquid coalescing filtration. The effect of important parameters including fiber size and amount of electrospun polypropylene fibers on the wettability and filtration efficiency of the blended filters was measured. Results indicated that the amount and the fiber diameter of the electrospun polypropylene fibers affect the wettability and hydrophobicity of the filter samples. Both fiber density and fiber diameter were found as the effective parameters on the coalescing filtration and pressure drop. The authors concluded that the separation efficiency was more considerable for the thinner fibers with 300 nm diameter. Moreover, the pressure drop tended to increase with the fiber density and diameter.
Shirazi and coworkers [168] worked on the application of electrospun nanofibrous polystyrene filters for the treatment of oily wastewater in coalescing filtration. This work was carried out at a pilot scale. First, the authors studied on the effect of the thermal treatment of the fabricated filters on the fiber morphology. Next, the filters were studied for their oil-water coalescing performance. Results showed that the initial effect of the applied treatment started at 130°C, while 150°C was the maximum allowed temperature for the thermal treatment. More uniform pore structure and smaller pore size were achieved for the treated membranes. Moreover, the thermally-treated filters showed better coalescing filtration efficiency.
The free oil in the wastewater effluent of edible oil mills can be investigated as a promising source for different applications. In another work, polystyrene microfilters have been used for recovery of the dispersed oil from wastewater using the coalescing filtration [169]. The obtained results confirmed that the recovered oil using coalescing filtration is a cheap and available source for economic biodiesel production.
Forward osmosis (FO) is an osmotic-pressure driven separation technique. In this process, a polymeric membrane with a selective semipermeable top layer is used to separate the water from dissolved solutes with high osmotic pressure gradient [170]. FO process has received a lot of attention over the past years. This separation technique works based on the difference in osmotic-pressure gradient of two solutions with different concentrations. The FO process can be applied as an individual separation process or in combination with other processes including MD or NF for various purposes such as the renewable power generation and desalination [171, 172].
The electrospun nanofibrous membranes can be used in the FO process. As one of the first attempts, Bui and coworkers [173] discussed that a number of reasons including the lack of suitable membranes with high solute rejection, acceptable mechanical strength, chemical stability, and more importantly the reasonable permeate flux can limit the applications of the FO process. The authors developed a new thin-film membrane with the composite structure. The membrane structure consists of a polyamide selective layer on top and an electrospun nanofiber support layer. The top selective layer was formed by the polymerization technique. Results indicated that the best membrane sample with the nanofibrous support layer provided higher water flux (2–5 times) and considerably lower salt flux (up to 100 times) than a commercial FO one. The authors concluded that using the thin-film membranes with composite structure and the electrospun support layer is a promising alternative for membrane separations and that the internal concentration polarization is the limiting parameter for the overall performance.
In another work, an electrospun PVDF-based nanofiber filter is used as the substrate to fabricate an efficient FO membrane with high water flux. In this study [174], the interfacial polymerization technique was applied for fabricating the polyamide ultrathin top layer directly on the electrospun support layer. Results indicated that different selective layers were formed on the nanofibrous scaffold including a low permeable layer, which was denser, and a layer with higher permeability, which was looser. The authors discussed that the proposed differences attributed to the substrate structures, which can cause the different cross-linking degrees for the interfacial polymerization. The fabricated membranes were then used for examining the FO performance. The water flux was measured at about 30.4 LMH when the 1.0 M NaCl draw solution was used. At the same time, the reverse salt flux ratio was constant, i.e., 0.21 g/L. The authors concluded that it was a remarkable achievement for the potential of electrospun nanofibrous web applied as the scaffolds for fabricating the FO membranes.
Recently, Huang and coworkers [175] studied the fabrication of a multilayered polyamide membrane through the interfacial polymerization technique on the electrospun polyethersulfone scaffold. Results indicated that the membrane fabrication conditions were optimized for the morphology and water flux. It is discussed that the polyethersulfone concentration had considerable effect on the membrane features including thickness, nanofiber diameter, and the morphology of the electrospun scaffolds. The membrane characteristics including the hydrophilicity, mechanical strength, and thickness enhanced with the polymerization cycles. The optimized FO membranes were then compared with the commercial ones. Results showed that higher selectivity and water flux can be achieved by the new FO membranes.
4. Summary and perspectives
Over the past years, the electrospun nanofibrous membranes established themselves as a worldwide acknowledged filtering media for various applications. The distinctive specifications of nanofibrous membranes, including high porosity (up to 90%), three-dimensional interconnected pore structure, and functionability, make them highly promising and appealing for both academic researchers and industrial R&D applications. It is predicted that the global market for electrospun nanofibers will be projected up to 4.3 billion DUS by 2023 [176]. More and more R&D centers are putting effort on industrialization of electrospun nanofibrous membranes. Thus, adaptations and modifications will be expected in coming years for a large-scale market of electrospun membranes for the water treatment applications.
Despite the highlights of the electrospun nanofibrous membranes, there are a few bottlenecks that affect the membrane morphology and structure. These issues should be considered in the future researches including microcracking and temperature-induced issues; commercialization in industrial scale; fabrication of membranes with uniform pore size distribution; use of proper materials to introduce the desired functionality; and optimization of the electrospinning process with beneficial separation processes. Using multifunctional electrospun membranes not only can be investigated for improving the physical features and mechanical strength of the electrospun membranes but also can enhance their antifouling properties [177]. New polymers such as polystyrene, SBS (styrene-butadiene-styrene), SEBS (styrene-ethylene-butylene-styrene), etc. are promising options for fabricating electrospun membranes.
Productivity of the nanofibers via electrospinning is another crucial challenging barrier in the way of the industrialization of the water treatment membranes. New strategies such as electroblowing and gas-assisted electrospinning can be afforded to enhance the nanofiber productivity [178].
Furthermore, there are some other applications that should be investigated more for future progresses. More analysis can be carried out for the application of the nanofibrous membranes as the scaffold in thin-film membranes with composite structure for UF, NF, and FO, as well as PRO (pressure-retarded osmosis) processes. In case of the MD process, superhydrophobic membranes are required. In this regard, multifunctional electrospun membranes with considerably low surface energy can be beneficially used. Moreover, in all the mentioned membrane processes for the proposed water treatment applications, the lifetime and the physicochemical durability must be two of the foremost issues of the future researches while fabricating the nanofibrous membranes by the electrospinning technique.
Although electrospun nanofibrous membranes are beneficial for these membrane processes, they can be also used in other applications including cosmetic products, healthcare issues, material composites, and aerospace engineering, as well as air/gas filtration purposes [179, 180]. There are still many subjects that should be issued to improve new developments in the applications of electrospun nanofibers. The water treatment sector looks to be, however, the most favorable application for the electrospun membranes.
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2.Electrospinning technique
3.Applications of electrospun nanofibrous membranes for water treatment
4.Summary and perspectives
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Mohammad Mahdi A. Shirazi, Saeed Bazgir and Fereshteh Meshkani (March 4th 2020). Electrospun Nanofibrous Membranes for Water Treatment, Advances in Membrane Technologies, Amira Abdelrasoul, IntechOpen, DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.87948. Available from:
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CFDs are complex instruments and come with a high risk of losing money rapidly due to leverage. CFDs are complex instruments and come with a high risk of losing money rapidly due to leverage. 72.57% of retail investor accounts lose money when trading CFDs with this provider. You should consider whether you understand how CFDs work, and whether you can afford to take the high risk of losing your money. Got it
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Lori Nickel
MADISON – You’re going to notice – if you haven’t already – that Nate Reuvers gained some good weight since last basketball season. In fact, the Wisconsin Badgers sophomore jumped from 215 to 240 pounds over the summer.
But that’s not the story. That’s just the result.
In order for a 6-foot-11 guy to put on the kind of weight that is going to help him hold his line through the paint of the Big Ten, it was going to take major changes. Like a resistance to the "blue light" at night. A concentration on training the tall thoracic spine. A willingness to talk about – are you ready for this? – mood.
While Reuvers became a weight room warrior, champion grocery shopper and the kind of chef who thinks too many people overcook meat, he also decided to open his mind to all aspects of training.
“Big Ten games last year, getting my ass kicked by guys in the paint. ... It’s not fun. Some nights would be better than others but, ultimately I knew I had to get bigger or else I really wasn’t going to have much more success,” said Reuvers, who as a true freshman started 15 games for the Badgers and averaged 5.3 points and 2.0 rebounds in 16.6 minutes per game.
As Wisconsin opens the 2018-'19 season at 7 p.m. Tuesday vs. Coppin State at the Kohl Center, Reuvers figures to be a key part of the team's fortunes.
What's mood got to do with it?
Improvements in Reuvers' physique began with Badgers basketball strength and conditioning coach Erik Helland. He asks his athletes to assess their mood daily. It’s not complicated, just a simple rating system as part of the eight-question Metrifit app. But it’s essential.
Mood not only tells Helland how hard a guy thinks he can work each day, it also tells him how prepared the player is to work and how many extraneous factors – like stress – are at play.
“One of the most sensitive indicators is mood state,” said Helland. “The cascade effect of this is enormous.”
And the beginnings of this cascade start with sleep.
RELATED:UW hopes tighter bonds lead to return of winning culture
PREVIEW:2018-'19 UW basketball at a glance
College students – well, all of us – face distractions that affect sleep. Helland hopes his players get eight hours of sleep a night; Reuvers gets that now, maybe even a little more. But it means putting down the social media and turning off the cell phone.
“Typically the kids with the most sleep disturbances, they are not putting that blue light (cell phone) away,” said Helland. “They don’t fall asleep really well, and they don’t stay asleep. They don’t go through the deeper sleep cycles.
“Now they’re not going to bed until 1 o’clock in the morning. And then they have to get up at 7. Now they’re overtired. Well, the reaction to being overtired is: 'I just want to sleep another 15, 20 minutes.' ”
And then that affects another critical part of training: the first meal of the day.
“Now you’ve compromised breakfast,” said Helland. “And then that means they usually eat a simple, quick American breakfast, which is maybe cereal. But the incompleteness and the quality of that is really, really poor.
“I always tell them, everything is connected to everything else. If you make one mistake, it cascades into the other areas.”
Food as fuel
In order to gain good weight, Reuvers really worked on his second source of energy after sleep: His nutrition. Reuvers didn’t gain his weight the typically unhealthy “freshman 15” way. That would have basically killed him athletically. He did it the good way. And the good way is hard.
Breakfast is four or five eggs (6 grams of protein each) and bacon. Ruevers also starts chugging the first of about four Organic Valley Organic Fuel milkshakes a day.
“That’s a 1,000 calories of milk. That’s a lot,” he said.
He also drinks more protein shakes with fruits and vegetables, protein powder and yogurt blends to get another 1,500-2000 calories in liquids a day.
Lunch is chicken breast, burgers or New York strip steak, fried medium rare with salt, pepper and garlic.
In all, he’s consuming 4,000 to 5,000 calories every day – and at first, it was hard to get all that down and keep it down – but that first step has to be a decent breakfast.
“All players struggle with breakfast,” said Helland. “It takes discipline to get up early enough to go and eat breakfast and make good choices.”
Reuvers took pride in shopping and preparing meals for himself and he would text Helland pictures of the selections he would make at restaurants.
Ready to work
This kind of calorie intake is important because Reuvers burns an average of 1,500 to 2,200 calories during a typical practice (2,500 during the more stressful practices in early October). He can’t have a calorie deficit and keep his energy. And once he was rested and fueled, he could hit the weight room to add muscle.
“A lot of just being stronger is just putting on more weight,” said Reuvers.
But being 6-11 makes that challenging. Strength comes from the core and the spine and Helland focuses a great deal of his attention on the basketball player’s exceptionally tall spine.
“Tall athletes, when they start to fatigue, they start to collapse from the top down,” said Helland. “The reality is a good, strong athletic posture is a tall spine.”
The posterior chain of muscles is also essential for powerful athletic moves. Reuvers became stunningly strong here.
Reuvers can squat with a bar of 350 pounds of weight on his back and he can get his backside down low enough that he breaks parallel. In the fitness world, “ass to grass” is the toughest squat.
“I can actually get pretty low for a big guy,” said Reuvers.
“The taller athlete doesn’t have the leverage advantage of a shorter athlete, but if they move well, there’s no reason why you wouldn’t train them in the same way,” said Helland, “because he’ll use it on the floor. He moves well, and he’s very exceptional, for a big.”
Ruevers discovered – even with the grueling bench press at 225 pounds with those long arms – that he loves strength training.
“Every week I was just putting more and more weight on the bar,” said Reuvers. “Just hitting PRs pretty much every week. Seeing gains like that, it’s fun.”
What remained are Reuvers’ quick feet and leaping ability.
“He’s one of the quicker jumpers I have – even compared to my guards,” said Helland.
“Obviously I’m heavier, which some people might think would make it harder to move, but honestly I put on a lot more muscle,” said Reuvers. “I feel quicker, even though I’m bigger.”
Does this guarantee a breakout Big Ten season? No. But Ruevers did everything he could to set himself up for a year of great gains, well beyond the scale.
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The Lorax Blu-ray & DVD Review
Reviewed by Kidzworld on Aug 07, 2012
Kidzworld gives you the deets on this sweet, tree-hugging movie, the Lorax now out on home video.
By: Lynn Barker
What if you lived in an all-plastic world? No trees anywhere except plastic ones and to get oxygen (which real trees help make) you had to buy it? Kinda would suck! Based on the popular Dr. Seuss book, The Lorax centers upon a magical creature who speaks on behalf of trees!
Zac Efron records Ted voice
Story Goes:
Tween Ted (voice of Zac Efron) lives in the plastic town of Thneedville where he’s crushin’ on pretty (voice of Taylor Swift). He keeps “losing” toys in her yard as an excuse to get close to her. When she says all she wants in the world is a real tree, Ted makes it his mission to get her one. Nobody ever goes outside Thneedville but Ted manages to escape only to discover a horrible polluted, plantless world where, as his granny (voice of Betty White) has told him, he must ask a person named The Once-Ler about what happened to the trees.
Lorax Blu-Ray/DVD cover art
The Once-Ler tells Ted the story of how he, the inventor of the thneed (an all-purpose knit scarf/rag/you-name-it) first made friends with The Lorax (voice of Danny DeVito), protector of the trees in a beautiful valley then betrayed him and all the forest animals by chopping down every tree there in order to meet the huge demand for his product which was made from the fibers of the trees.
Taylor Swift records Audrey voice
Despite being chased by Mr. O’Hare, who sells air in Thneedville and doesn’t want any tree to ever live again, Ted manages to get the complete story from the Once-Ler and take the seed of the very last Truffula tree back to town.
With the help of his family and Audrey, Ted is able to discredit O’Hare and plant the tree in the town square. Once the townspeople see the destroyed world outside, they are happy to let the seed grow and the world is reforested.
Special Features: There are lots of fun features on this Blu-Ray/DVD combo set.
“3 Mini Movies”-These are “Wagon Ho”, “Forces of Nature” and “Serenade”. All feature the Lorax and/or the adorable forest animals in various cute adventures. I like “Serenade” best since it involves some fun dancing and singing.
“Making of the Mini Movies” – The directors and producer talk about how a couple of the little shorts were made from ideas cut out of the longer feature film etc. Interesting.
“Deleted Scene” – from the feature movie focuses on a cute cat who gets caught in a discarded thneed. Funny
“Expedition of Truffula Valley” – This featurette allows you to pick several locations featured in the animated film and explore. You get character descriptions, storyboards, concept art and videos. You can draw along as animator Mark O’Hare guides you through creating cute, fat bear Lou. Hey, my sketch didn’t look too bad!
Ted with Evil O'Hare
“Seuss to Screen” explores how the original Dr. Seuss story and artwork helped inspire filmmakers. Zac Efron, Taylor Swift and Danny DeVito talk a bit and you see how the flat Lorax became the fluffy fella in the movie. Cute but could have used more with Zac and Taylor!
Games – You get “The Once-Ler’s Wagon” in which you pick items to see little shorts using each one. Best for younger viewers. “Get Out of Town” is way more challenging as you use your controller keys to “jump” Ted and his motorbike over various obstacles as he tries to escape the city. There are several levels and it took me forever but you may be better at it. Everybody should enjoy this one. “Truffula Run” features the Lorax as you move him around to avoid obstacles and gain points. Fun for most ages.
“Let It Grow Singalong” is what it sounds like with words on the bottom of the screen.
“My Scenes” lets you bookmark your fave scenes in the movie.
“Feature Commentary” is the two directors telling you tons of details on why and how they made decisions throughout the movie. Really talky and interesting but watch the film without it first. These guys (or one of them anyway) talk a lot!
Lorax and forest animals
The Lorax is a very sweet movie with a great theme.. each one of us has to make a decision to do things to protect our environment before corporate greed and careless people destroy it. There are some enjoyable extra features and a few fun games for repeat play. Although the film might be more geared to younger kids than was Despicable Me by the same animators, it is fun for everyone and well worth adding to your home entertainment collection!
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How Well Do You Know Your Stuff? Dance Trivia!
What type of dance was first to reach North American dance floors?
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Reading Now: Celebrate National Doughnut Day in Kitsilano
Kits Newsdesk
Celebrate National Doughnut Day in Kitsilano
Events • Food & Drink • News • Shopping
National Doughnut Day is on the first Friday of June of each year and started in 1938 as a fund raiser for Chicago’s The Salvation Army.
Their goal was to help those in need during the Great Depression and to honor The Salvation Army “Lassies” of World War I who served doughnuts to soldiers.
Celebrate the day by grabbing some fried doughy goodness at one of the many bakeries and coffee shops that sell donuts in and around Kitsilano.
But if you’re looking to step up your doughnut game, two shops deserve a special mention.
Cartems Donuterie
Literally born out of a dream 10 years ago, Jordan Cash envisioned opening an amazing donut shop name ‘Cartems’. While the name doesn’t really mean anything, Cartems’ team is focused on three things: smiles, conversation, and donuts. Cartems uses fresh local ingredients including flour from Anita’s Organic Mill in Chilliwack and meat from Two Rivers. Among their June specials are donuts named Sweet Berry Wine Stuffie, Pink Lemonade, and Strawberry Love.
Cartems Donuterie, 3040 West Broadway, 604-428-6372, cartems.com
Lucky’s Doughnuts
A project of 49th Parallel Coffee Roasters, Lucky’s opened in 2012. Inspired by the doughnuts they would sample on the road at coffee shows in the US, co-founders Colter and Vince wanted to open a shop that sold “just coffee and doughnuts.” Their idea was to keep it simple, and just make doughnuts the old fashioned way, no frozen product, nothing trucked in; just simple, delicious doughnuts. Their current menu includes donuts named Cold Brew Cruller, Pistachio Glazed Ring, and Salted Caramel Old Fashioned.
Lucky’s Doughnuts, 2198 West 4th Avenue, 604-420-4901, luckysdoughnuts.com
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Home » Bollywood News
Laal Singh Chaddha: Courtesy Aamir Khan’s Perfectionism, Kareena Kapoor Khan Auditioned For The First Time In Her 19 Years’ Career
Bebo made another revelation saying that she had not even auditioned for the role in her debut film back in 2000, Refugee.
Koimoi.com Team
Well, one cannot question the acting skills of Kareena Kapoor Khan who has given us films like Kabhi Khushi Kabhi Gham, Chameli, Jab We Met and Heroine. And yet, like any other actor, one would have expected for Kareena Kapoor Khan to audition for most, if not all films in her career! But Kareena Kapoor Khan surprised us all when she recently confessed that Aamir Khan’s Laal Singh Chaddha was the first time she ever auditioned.
In a recent conversation with critic and talk show host Rajeev Masand, Kareena Kapoor Khan revealed Aamir wanted her to audition for the part because he wanted to be doubly sure about everything. Bebo revealed, “Because knowing the way that he is, I think he wanted to be like 100% sure. So very randomly, out of the blue, I got a call from Aamir. ‘I want you to hear this film, this and that and I am very excited about it.’ So it just happened very organically. I heard the script like just then the minute he called me and he was just like let’s read some scenes. I want you to read some scenes. So I was like yeah, I have never done something like this. I thought like what the hell. I want to see myself if I want to do this or not and you know there is nothing wrong in that.”
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Bebo made another revelation saying that she had not even auditioned for the role in her debut film back in 2000, Refugee. The Good Newzz actress said, “But you know what, I think the times are changing and if I don’t evolve and I behave like I am some diva or this is beyond me…And Saif was the one who told me ‘What’s wrong with you? Even an Al Pacino would test for the part. There is nothing wrong, we all have to be sure as actors and artists.’”
Meanwhile, for the unversed, Laal Singh Chadha is the official adaptation of the 1994 Hollywood blockbuster, Forrest Gump featuring Tom Hank in the lead role.
Android & IOS users, download our mobile app for faster than ever Bollywood & Box Office updates!
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architecture and the built environment
Pacific Northwest College of Art, Schnitzer Center for Art and Design
Allied Works Architecture
Howard S. Wright
Services/Project Type
Specialty Engineering
Renovation/Historic
Special Inspections
The renovation and seismic retrofit of this existing 1915, 6-story, 140,000 SF former federal building transformed the space into an award-winning facility for a growing arts college. The highlight of the renovation was the addition of a new mezzanine and an accompanying grand atrium that “opened up” the space to bring in light to public areas.
Program requirements indicated the need for additional floor area, which was accommodated via the introduction of a partial mezzanine between the first and second floor. At three locations, the new mezzanine cantilevers out a significant distance from existing column supports. A series of cables that mimic traditional suspension bridge supports were laced around the curved slab edge at these locations, extending up to existing structure above, and giving the appearance that these edges “float”.
Seismic renovation work included adding fluid viscous dampers to the existing steel moment frames along with local strengthening of the diaphragms and foundations.
Civil engineering services included an initial phase to support a sustainability charrette and pre-design, followed by civil design services for construction documents of utility service upgrades and rights-of-way improvements along all four frontage streets.
ENR Northwest, Best Projects 2015, Renovation/Restoration
SEAO, Excellence in Structural Engineering Awards - Juror's Choice, Renovation/Retrofit, 2016
Chapman University Musco Center for the Arts
Mendocino College Library and Learning Center
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Inland NorthBest
KREM Cares
Power outages causing increase in INW hotel stays
Thousands are still without power for the third night in a row, now many are turning to other options plus other top headlines at 10 p.m.
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Spokane's Leading Local News: Weather, Traffic, Sports and more | Spokane, Washington | KREM.com
Local man helps the homeless with his first Gonzaga tattoo
Rick and the owner of the tattoo parlor, 'Feel Good Inc.' teamed up, making Tuesday a fundraiser to help collect toiletries for homeless people in Spokane.
Author: Evan Noorani (KFMB)
Published: 8:49 PM PDT March 20, 2018
Updated: 5:06 AM PDT March 21, 2018
SPOKANE, Wash. -- Rick Clark was 44-years-old when he decided he was going back to school. At the time, he was a high school drop-out living in his car.
"For a long time I just thought that was the cards that I was dealt was the poverty and the struggle. I realized that with a little bit of effort I can change my story and it doesn't have to end that way," he said.
After going back to school and creating his own charity, Clark was accepted to Gonzaga University. On Tuesday, he got his first tattoo of the Gonzaga logo. Plus, Clark and the owner of the tattoo parlor, 'Feel Good Inc.' teamed up, making Tuesday a fundraiser to help collect toiletries for homeless people in Spokane.
"To look into someones eyes and see that they have nothing, it makes you never want to see that again and so I'll spend the rest of my days just making sure they know that they're not alone," Clark said.
Clark and the owner of the parlor are both members of an local organization called 'Man The Family Up.' They plan on packing the supplies they collected Tuesday into backpacks to pass out to the homeless around Spokane.
"The last three years have been amazing and here I am a Gonzaga student getting a Gonzaga tattoo and we're in the NCAA tournament going further and further. I couldn't be more proud," Clark said.
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> About Us> People> Zack Rosenburg
Zack Rosenburg
Co-Founder and CEO, St. Bernard Project
Zack co-founded SBP with his wife Liz McCartney after volunteering in New Orleans six months after Hurricane Katrina. Disturbed by the lack rebuilding and predictability of recovery for most families, Zack and Liz began asking hard questions to understand the factors leading to the intolerable conditions faced by disaster survivors. From this desire to minimize the suffering caused by delayed recovery, the trial attorney and school teacher began rebuilding homes for New Orleans most vulnerable populations.
Leveraging private sector innovations from Toyota and philosophies from UPS, Zack transformed SBP, adopting a culture of problem solving by teaching staff and AmeriCorps members to surface them at every level. This ethos of continuous discontent has enabled SBP become the leading long-term recovery nonprofit, rebuilding more than 1,860 homes nationwide, and has grown to include more than 30,000 volunteers annually, 240 AmeriCorps members and 76 staff.
SBP now looks at a host of interventions designed to shrink the time between disaster and recovery, resulting in much needed systems change in an otherwise unchanging landscape that is disaster recovery. Zack and Liz co-authored the book, Getting Home, which was released in March of 2019.
Getting Home chronicles the founding of SBP, and how SBP partnered with Toyota to apply the lean principles of the Toyota Production System (TPS) to rebuild homes and lives following natural disasters throughout the U.S. and its territories, creating a culture of continuous improvement within SBP to reduce the duration of time between disaster and recovery.
Articles by Zack Rosenburg
How SBP Went From Intolerable Conditions to Constructive Discontent
In this keynote talk at the LEI summit, Zack Rosenburg of SBP talks about how this non-profit has evolved its thinking about defining and tackling problems, creating a culture of continuous improvement that views management as a noble profession. More »
Practicing Constructive Discontent At SBP
To become an organization of problem solvers, talking about problems couldn’t merely be something that we did, shares Zack Rosenburg of St. Bernard Project. It had to be part of who we are; it had to be our identity. Being or living constructive discontent and adopting it as our identity would mean that problems were brought to the surface, not buried. More »
Rebuilding Homes and Disaster Recovery Processes
When Liz McCartney and Zack Rosenburg left their careers to help desperate victims of Hurricane Katrina rebuild, they knew nothing about construction or lean management. Today, SBP, the disaster recovery nonprofit they founded, has cut rebuilding time by nearly 50% using lean concepts. Zack talks to LEI about the remarkable new recovery model they developed and detail in their new book, Getting Home. More »
SBP Has a Helping Hand in Hurricane Harvey
Learn how SBP (formerly Saint Bernard Project) is using lean to help victims of Hurricane Harvey and other natural disasters -- plus what you can do to help! More »
Lean Principles Are Changing How the U.S. Recovers from Tornadoes & Floods
Chet Marchwinski & Zack Rosenburg
When the flood waters of Hurricane Katrina receded, they uncovered tens of thousands of homes in devastated areas such as St. Bernard Parish, Louisiana, that needed rebuilding. But the subsiding waters also exposed a rebuilding process that needed rethinking. More »
Books by Zack Rosenburg
by Liz McCartney and Zack Rosenburg
When the flood waters of Hurricane Katrina receded around New Orleans, they revealed unimaginable destruction and a traditional disaster recovery process that was Byzantine, costly, and far too slow for the victims who just wanted to get home. Getting Home is the inspiring story of a defense lawyer and a school teacher who left their careers to rebuild homes for desperate survivors but wound up reconstructing the entire process for rebuilding after disasters. Authors Liz McCartney and Zack Rosenburg describe how SBP, the disaster relief nonprofit they founded, partnered with Toyota to apply the lean principles of the Toyota Production System More »
Getting Home (eBook)
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Winners have been announced at the fifteenth annual MediWales Innovation Awards, which celebrate outstanding achievements in the Welsh life science and health technology communities. This year, the awards ceremony took place entirely online for the first time, with guests tuning in from across Wales to represent the NHS, industry, academia, government and more. Many companies and NHS teams received recognition for standout innovations in response to Covid-19.
Award winners from Welsh industry were:
Innovation – CanSense has developed an accurate, fast, non-invasive diagnostic for early detection of cancer using a simple blood sample. The technology allows GPs to make informed decisions quickly, speeding up the diagnostic process for those at greater risk and therefore reducing patient anxiety.
Start-up – Llusern Scientific, a spin-out from the University of South Wales, has developed an affordable, rapid test to detect Covid-19 within 30 minutes. Requiring minimal user training and no need for a lab, the diagnostic platform has the potential to be truly transformative.
Partnership with the NHS – DTR Medical has worked in partnership with ENT surgeons to develop the SNAP endoscopic guide. This enables surgeons to re-start vital Nasendoscopies, which are critical in the diagnosis of head and neck cancer, by reducing Covid-19 risks for the clinician.
Export – Sharp Clinical has invested in a new commercial expansion offering blister and carton packaging as well as serialisation and labelling, enhancing their export capabilities to international markets. The company saw a 50% return on investment from export sales within the first four months.
Outstanding Covid Achievement – Bond Digital Health has created a digital platform, called Transform, for the rapid diagnostics industry to digitise and share data in real time. As part of a global consortium producing a rapid antigen test for Covid-19, Bond’s platform has helped decision makers to monitor the spread and manage the outbreak.
Industry Judges Award – Hybrisan has developed a novel surface and hand sanitiser which is non-hazardous and doesn’t use alcohol. Due to high demand in the fight against Covid-19, the company has partnered with Gwalia Healthcare to develop new products and is also scaling up its unique electrospinning technology for face mask production.
Award winners from NHS Wales were:
Scaling Up Innovation and Transformation – NHS Wales Health Collaborative, Respiratory Health Implementation Group, and Institute of Clinical Science and Technology. The team designed, disseminated and implemented the national Covid-19 hospital guidelines to support healthcare professionals responding to admission demands during the peak of the pandemic.
Digital Impact – The Welsh Clinical Portal mobile app, created by NHS Wales Informatics Service, allows the medical workforce to access relevant patient information while on-the-go from a mobile phone or tablet. This helps to prevent extra footfall and transfer of paperwork in hospitals during the Covid-19 outbreak.
NHS Working with Industry – Betsi Cadwaladr University Health Board’s Cellular Pathology team partnered with Talking Point to customise voice recognition software, enabling quick, hands-free transcribing of reports. This improved turnaround by several days and allowed the service to continue remotely when the pandemic hit.
Health and Social Care Research Partnership with Industry – Aneurin Bevan University Health Board, Public Health Wales, Centre for Trials Research and Health and Care Research Wales collaborated to set up the Oxford Covid-19 vaccine study in Wales. This crucial study was set up in record time.
NHS Judges Award – Tec Cymru established the NHS Wales Video Consulting Service across primary, secondary and community services in Wales. Responding to the urgent need to avoid face-to-face communication, the rollout enabled remote delivery of healthcare services to reduce the risk of infection.
Gwyn Tudor, CEO of MediWales, said:
“This year, while we’re all missing the opportunity to get together with old friends and colleagues in person, the fifteenth MediWales Innovation Awards carries more significance than ever before, offering the chance to recognise and share the tremendous efforts that Wales’ life science sector and NHS have made to innovate, collaborate and maintain business and operational resilience in these most challenging of times.”
The award winner videos are all available to view on YouTube.
Related tags: AwardsCoronavirusCovid-19Wales
Swansea University developing world’s first COVID-19 ‘smart-patch’ vaccine that will measure effectiveness
New COVID-19 RNA test gives accurate results within minutes
Greater Manchester Surgical Cancer Hub shortlisted for COVID-19 award
Research reveals portable digital chest drainage systems could help minimise spread of COVID-19
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St Giles Academy
Find out how St Giles Academy rates compared to other primary schools in Lincolnshire with our school ratings
Lincolnshire Live
Overall 38.1/100
Rank 12,162/14,879
Attainment for All
We've analysed all the government data to bring you the rundown on your local primary schools.
Here St Giles Academy, Addison Drive, Lincoln, LN2 4LQ, is put into focus to show its scores in relation to other schools in the area.
You can also see how the primary school compares against other schools across England.
Data is available on pupils' attainment, progress, absence levels and when the school was last inspected.
The teacher to pupil ratio is also a good indication of the focus your child will get. Plus we can show how many full-time teachers there are at the school.
See how other schools in your area rated
School ratings: How we rated the schools
Addison Drive, Lincoln, LN2 4LQ
The open date and status above indicate when St Giles Academy opened or when it changed to its most recent incarnation, with a number of schools converting to academies in recent years. Where schools have changed type recently, data for previous years covering their previous incarnation is included below as well - so a school may have a status of New due to converting to an academy but have data for previous years prior to conversion.
What type of school is St Giles Academy?
Academy Sponsor Led
Healing Multi Academy Trust
How many children have been on the school roll in recent years?
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Pupil characteristics - what percentage of pupils are in different groups and how does this compare to the national average?
Pupils - School
Pupils - National
% English as additional language (EAL)
% Free School Meals
% SEN
% SEN Statement
How do we rate this school?
2019 Rating
Overall Stars 1 1 1 1
Overall Score 38.1 36.1 29.2 25.9
England Rank 12,162 12,552 14,017 14,427
Local Rank 182 189 235 248
Missing Data? Yes
Data missing (out of 42) 1
Our unique rating system takes into account a range of different indicators to evaluate a school's performance. The system tracks achievement, pupil progress, teaching, pupil attendance and whether the school is improving.
The 2019 KS2 tests were assessing a new curriculum that was introduced in 2014. Ratings for years before 2016 were based on how the school performed on the previous curriculum so performance is not directly comparable to 2019.
Data may be missing for some indicators because it has not been published. This may be because the school is new or because it is very small so data has been suppressed to avoid identifying individual pupils. Schools do not lose points for missing data, so will still fare better in the ranking than schools that underperform on that indicator, but they cannot score as highly as schools that perform well on the indicator.
How St Giles Academy scores on each indicator.
Stars - 2019
What Ofsted says about this school
St Giles Academy has been rated as Inadequate at its most recent Ofsted inspection.
If table is blank, it means there are no recent inspections for this school. Inspections may relate to a previous incarnation of the school (for example, where they have converted to an academy), and are provided for information (as they are not the Ofsted rating for the current school). Inspection information correct as of November 30.
Overall Effectiveness
Inspection Date
Category of Concern
Inspection report relates to current school?
Date of most recent short inspection (if applicable)
Short inspection outcome
Short Inspection report relates to current school?
How does St Giles Academy perform on each of the areas inspected by Ofsted? As of September 2012, a score of 3 changed from indicating Satisfactory to Requires Improvement.
Outcomes for pupils
Quality of teaching, learning and assessment
Effectiveness of leadership and management
Personal development, behaviour and welfare
In 2019, 45% of pupils at St Giles Academy reached the expected standard in reading, writing and maths.
How have pupils at St Giles Academy done in assessments at the end of Key Stage 2 and how does it compare to local authority and national averages?
While pupils are generally aiming to be working at the expected level in reading, writing and maths, what proportion of children at St Giles Academy had a high score in reading and maths and were working at greater depth in writing, and how does this compare to performance at local and national level?
How do children at St Giles Academy with different levels of attainment at Key Stage 1 and pupils from disadvantaged backgrounds perform in terms of reaching the expected standard in reading, writing and maths?
How does the % of boys and girls at St Giles Academy achieving the expected standard in reading, writing and maths compare to the national average?
What is the pupil:teacher ratio at St Giles Academy and how does it compare to the national average?
How many teachers are there and what is the average wage?
No. of Teachers (FTE)
No. of Teaching Assistants (FTE)
Mean Gross Salary of All Teachers 2018/19 (GBP)
Mean Gross Salary of All Teachers 2018/19 (GBP) - National
Pupils are assessed on how much progress they make between assessments in Key Stage 1 (infants) and Key Stage 2 (juniors), with the progress of all pupils contributing to an overall 'value added' measure for the school.
At St Giles Academy, pupils had an average progress score in maths in 2019 that was -0.6 compared to the national average of 0.
How do children with different levels of attainment at infant level and pupils from disadvantaged backgrounds perform in terms of the progress made in maths and how does this compare to local averages?
At St Giles Academy, pupils had an average progress score in reading in 2019 that was -3.2 compared to the national average of 0.
How do children with different levels of attainment at infant level and pupils from disadvantaged backgrounds perform in terms of making progress in reading and how does this compare to local averages?
At St Giles Academy, pupils had an average progress score in writing in 2019 that was 0.6 compared to the national average of 0.
How do children with different levels of attainment at infant level and pupils from disadvantaged backgrounds perform in terms of making progress in writing and how does this compare to local averages?
Figures below show what proportion of half-day sessions were missed by pupils and how this compares to local and national averages.
In 2017/18, the most recent full school year, 5.3% of half-day sessions were missed by pupils at St Giles Academy. Nationally, primary school pupils missed 4% of half-day sessions.
Figures below show what proportion of half day sessions were missed by pupils and counted as an unauthorised absence and how this compares to local and national averages.
What proportion of pupils are classed as persistent absentees (missing 10% or more of all sessions)?
While finances are not included in our calculation of how good schools are, many schools publish information about how much they are spending on pupils' education.
What is the total school spend per pupil at St Giles Academy compared to the local average? (school is in blue)
How much does St Giles Academy spend per pupil on teachers and educational support staff and how does this compare to the average spending across Lincolnshire?
What percentage of the budget at St Giles Academy is spent on supply staff?
Primary School Ratings
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RECOMMENDED EXHIBITION
ISSUE.038
LARSCHOOL
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DAVID MAISEL
〈 PREVIOUS PAGE INDEX.037 NATURE NEXT PAGE 〉
http://davidmaisel.com/
Desolation Desert, Blast 3, Minera Centinela Copper Mine, Antofagasta Region, Atacama Desert, Chile, 2018
Desolation Desert: Mining the Atacama. In his latest photographic series, Desolation Desert, David Maisel brings his focus to the massive mining operations in the vast territory of Chile’s Atacama Desert. The highest and driest desert on the planet, this sensitive eco-region of the Atacama is being transformed at an unparalleled pace and scale by extractive industries. Maisel’s aerial images of these sites are abstract, graphic, and painterly—offering viewers detailed, open-ended information that operates on a metaphorical level as much as a documentary one.
These pictures are intended to counter our misapprehension of the desert as a terra incognita, an emptiness upon which we impose notions of purity and boundlessness. Maisel’s new photographs show how the supposedly remote Atacama Desert is becoming part of a planetary fabric of urbanization, and at what cost.
The Lake Project 65, 2015
Proving Ground, South Ballistics Grid_01, 2014
Proving Ground, Air Force Target Grid Building 1-6, 2014
Proving Ground. An encounter with one of the most secretive of American military zones, Proving Ground is David Maisel’s investigation through photographs and time-based media of Dugway Proving Ground, a classified site covering nearly 800,000 acres in a remote region of Utah’s Great Salt Lake Desert. From its inception during World War II to the present day, Dugway’s primary mission has been to develop and test chemical and biological weaponry and defense programs. After more than a decade of inquiry, Maisel was granted rare access to photograph the terrain, testing facilities, and other aspects of this deliberately obscured region of the American atlas.
The Fall, Borox 5, 2013
The Fall, Vicalvaro 1, 2013
American Mine, Carlin NV2, 2007
American Mine, Carlin NV22, 2007
American Mine. Natural resource extraction and its consequences are themes central to Maisel’s photographic practice for nearly thirty years. Through aerial photography, the interlinked series Black Maps, The Mining Project, and American Mine explore sites across the United States that have been radically and irretrievably transformed by open pit mining. These images encompass documentary and aesthetic perspectives in equal measure, seeking to frame and interpret issues of contemporary landscape and culture. Literally and figuratively, the Earth’s consumption is revealed.
The Mining Project considers sites like the Berkeley Mine in Butte, Montana, whose open pit is filled with severely poisoned water a mile deep and nine hundred feet wide. American Mine features open pit mines on the Carlin Trend, the most prolific gold mining district in the Western Hemisphere. Mines from this region are the source of devastating mercury emissions, released when ore is heated during the process of gold extraction. The series depict the calamitous practice of cyanide and sulfuric acid heap leaching, employed to extract microscopic particles of precious metals from mined ore, which often permit these deadly solutions to contaminate surrounding groundwater.
The Mining Project, Butte MT 9, 1989
The Mining Project, Inspiration AZ 9, 1989
Oblivion 6N, 2004
Oblivion 15N, 2004
Oblivion. In his book Warped Space, the architectural theorist Anthony Vidler speaks of the “paranoiac space of modernism,” a space which is “mutated into a realm of panic, where all limits and boundaries become blurred…” These words come to mind when considering the urban aerial images of Los Angeles and its periphery shown in Oblivion. Certain spatial fears seem endemic to the modern metropolis, and Los Angeles defines this term in ways that no other American city can approximate. This amorphous skein of strip malls and gated developments, highway entrance and exit ramps, continues endlessly, without boundary or hierarchy.
The images in Oblivion underscore the cyborg nature of the city. Themes of development as a self-generating, self-replicating force that exists outside of nature are encoded in these photographs, which view Los Angeles as both a specific site and as a more generalized condition.
Houk Gallery, New York.
Haines Gallery, San Francisco.
Robischon Gallery, Denver.
Ellen Miller Gallery, Boston.
Pg 18/33
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CHENNAI INSURANCE COMPANY LIMITED
Activity: Finance in Tamil Nadu.
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U67200TN2000PLC045622 ROC
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Unlisted Suspended at Exchange
045622 Registration Date
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Rs. 7,00,000
85/23, SKIRANGAM AVENUE,PANTHEON ROAD, EGMORE, CHENNAI - 600 008. Chennai TN 000000 IN
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Watch again: Boris Johnson delivers key update on coronavirus response
17 July 2020, 10:58 | Updated: 17 July 2020, 11:41
Boris Johnson is to deliver a major update to the nation on the coronavirus crisis later.
The Prime Minister is expected to confirm he plans to give an extra £3billion to the NHS to tackle a second wave of coronavirus.
It is also expected that he will deliver an update on getting people back into offices. However the government's chief scientific adviser Sir Patrick Vallance said yesterday that he felt there was no need to change the current advice that people should work from home if they can.
Follow the PM's speech live here from 11am
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LMU-AAUP
Loyola Marymount University Chapter of the American Association of University Professors
Response to Provost’s Town Hall
Actions and Campaigns
Oct. 2: Teach-In on Academic Freedom & Political Economy of Higher Education w/ Isaac Kamola (Trinity College)
Post author By Secretary Treasurer
The LMU-AAUP is excited to announced our next discussion in a series with academic leaders and organizers! We will be hosting Prof. Isaac Kamola of Trinity College on Friday Oct. 2nd (Noon, PST).
Prof. Isaac Kamola
Prof. Kamola is currently the President of the Trinity College AAUP Chapter, and he was one of its co-founders. Trinity College’s AAUP chapter is relatively young, founded in 2016-17 by faculty at Trinity specifically to support DACA (Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals) students on their campus and to ensure that the college would do everything they could to protect those students from deportation.
The chapter grew quickly, but was thrown into the national spotlight as they had to come to the defense of one of their faculty members, Johnny Williams, came under national attack for extra-mural speech. They successfully fought for Dr. Williams’ academic freedom rights, and in the process revealed deeply troubling questions about university governance as Trinity. You can learn more about that case and the work that their chapter was able to do by already being organized here.
And they have been leaders on their campus in laying out principles for faculty governance during Covid-19 and ensuring that their students and their faculty are well supported during this crisis.
Prof. Kamola is Associate Professor of Political Science at Trinity, and an expert not only in international political economy, but also in critical higher education studies. He has published widely on the various crises facing universities today, with a focus on how the political economy of higher education shapes and forms university’s commitments to principles like academic freedom.
All of which is to say: we can learn a lot from Prof. Kamola and the work of the Trinity College AAUP, and we hope you can take the time to join us this Friday, Oct. 2 at Noon to speak with him!
Tags meetings, teach-ins
← General Assembly Meeting—Sep 18, 2020 → LMU-AAUP Stands in Solidarity with #BlackAtLMU and Black Faculty and Staff Association Demands
© 2021 LMU-AAUP
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From Boxing Ring To Fairy Ring, Michèle Lamy Casts A Fabulous Spell
The boxer, performer, and collaborative muse to husband Rick Owens keeps the fashion world wrapped around her finger with her iconic style and otherworldly energy
by Laren Stover
Photo by Edward Bess
100 years may pass in what feels like a single night. Hanging with Michèle Lamy is just this: a fairy ring where time is suspended in a way that feels magical and enchanting. On any given day, spending time with her is like experiencing one thousand and one nights as she bewitchingly draws you into her unpredictable and ever-expanding universe known as Lamyland.
It is 10:30 am in the lobby of the Bowery Hotel in New York. Lamy orders a pot of almond tea, whole grain toast, and a green drink, her voice a seductive mélange of purr and growl.
She has missed training this rainy November morning - she has been boxing for 35 years, way before supermodels were punching in $500 Japanese gloves - and who can blame her? The day before, she had two performances in SoHo with choreographer and artist Cécilia Bengolea, not to mention a cocktail party at the New York Edition in between. During rehearsals she frequently slinks out to light a Dunhill cigarette, her glimmering gold teeth defying nicotine stains. At the performances, she descends the concrete steps of the Jeffrey Deitch space as graceful as a black swan, never gazing down, much like the way leading ladies took to grand staircases in classic Hollywood films. Steps are a cinch for Michèle Lamy: there are five flights in the Place du Palais Bourbon, where she lives with her husband, fashion designer Rick Owens. And she does all this while wearing Owens' impossible signature platform boots, which he also wears.
“Those shoes look big," Lamy said, “but they are the most comfortable shoes that Rick ever did. My god. Because he did some shoes a few years ago, with (gnashing) teeth. And they were the most dangerous shoes. You talk about poise? When I wasn't looking, one of the teeth would get stuck in some metal piece in the street. I fell twice.”
Lamy swans amidst dancers donning pieces from her voluminous Rei Kawakubo (Comme des Garçons) collection. There is something about her resembling a dark and otherworldly fairy. She looks svelte in a pair of mini Pods shorts (another of Owens' signature creations), with burnished gamine legs, her sleek hair veiled in a sort of loose interpretation of Hatshepsut’s headdress, punctuated with tiny stainless steel hooks jutting like horns that appear to be suctioned to her forehead.
She laughs resonantly over the industrial electronica soundtrack by Lavascar, the band she formed with the artist Nico Vascellari and her daughter Scarlett Rouge. With each haunting staccato "ha-ha-ha" the dancers virtually light up.
Lamy glamours people.
“She’s like the Pied Piper or heroin,” said Katya Bankowsky, the filmmaker and artist who collaborated with Lamy on Battle Royale, a series of short films she directed. See an exclusive edit with Lamy and Bankowsky below.
“She casts a spell on people because she genuinely cares about the person she’s talking to," Bankowsky says. "If she spends a half-hour with you, she focuses on you. That is what casts a spell. She makes everybody feel glamorous.”
But Lamy has her own spin.
“Bewitch I’ll go with,” she says, “but glamour to me, I think of fashion magazines and a little bit of that terrible red carpet kind of glamour thing. Glamour should be more spiritual. Somebody will express things and feelings in such a grand way that I will say, ‘Wow they are glamorous.’ It’s because you like the whole thing. I would never think to say glamour about the way somebody looks.”
“What most people don't get about Michèle is her wicked sense of humor and whimsy,” Bankowsky said. “Michèle and I met because she was obsessed with boxing. When I made Shadow Boxers [a 1999 award-winning documentary], she was boxing in L.A. at Wildcard where Lucia Rijker, the star of my movie, was boxing. Michèle loved the film and booked a theatre. She hosted a screening party at her restaurant, Les Deux Cafes, and invited all the Hollywood luminaries.”
Bankowsky knew she had to collaborate with Lamy: “I told Michèle, ‘Everyone has a shot of you being mysterious and staring off into space. Boxing is a gritty, dirty sport; let's make it funny and glamourise it.”
What does Lamy wear when boxing? She glances down at her marled leggings and shrugs as if to say, “this”. Other than her demure, elegantly-shaped black boxing gloves made of an invasive species of cane toad, Lamy, in fact, doesn't own any sports clothing.
Bankowsky recalls the first time the two went boxing together at the high-end, members-only boxing gym Temple Noble Art in Paris. “We met in Paris, and she said, ‘We go boxing now.’ I said, ‘Dressed like this?’"
“She went full-on boxing in her Rick Owens gown in that lightweight fabric and afterward, she washed it in the sink and blew it dry with a hair dryer," Bankowsky says of the experience. "Then we went post-gym to the most fabulously chic Carine Roitfeld party with Karl Lagerfeld and everybody that closed fashion week.”
Lamy takes her rings off to box (the ebony vegetable dye on her fingers stays on). Otherwise, you never see her without her tangle of silver and bronze Hunrod rings and darkly anointed forehead inspired by the Berbers. Today, a toothy grin spreads across her knuckles. Is she in cahoots with the tooth fairy? “They are baby teeth of the son of a Cuban woman I met at Miami Art Basel last year, who gave them to me,” Lamy explained. “She said she has more teeth and was making another one.”
Lamy's aesthetic is all her own. “She wears her clothes all wrong,” Brandon Wen, a design intern who works with Lamy in Paris, quipped affectionately. He was in New York to perform in Bengolea’s dance piece with Lamy. “That gold thing,” he nodded toward Lamy, who was wrapped in flaps of Lurex, “is a jacket she’s wearing as pants. And it looks amazing.”
Moonlighting as a cabaret dancer while a student years ago, Lamy recalls taking a train to a club on the outskirts of Paris where she hoped not to be recognised - not that she was shy.
“There were 18-year old soldiers in the audience," Lamy explains. "They had to pay 50 francs to get in, and then you were doing a total striptease inside on these platforms and shoes higher than this,” she points to the Owens platforms on her feet. There, she competed for tips with her friend Hélène Hazera.
To Lamy, dancing infiltrates life, from the striptease to boxing, “Some boxers say fighting is like dancing," she says. "But when we talk about boxing, we think about heavyweights, and say, Mike Tyson. This is not what we’re talking about. When it’s the lightweights and middleweights boxing, it's closer to dance than really hits. You know the whole thing is to escape somebody. It's a kind of dancing on your feet.”
Speaking to the trend, she adds, “It was a male sport and it has [also] become a woman's thing. And it's very different, women fighting; it has changed the spirit a little. It’s a fantastic way of taking care: when your body is strong, you think better.”
Her recent return to cabaret was at the diminutive Le Manko Club, where she performed twice during fashion week, dancing with interdisciplinary artist Jean-Biche. Did she strip? Janet Fischgrund, her London based press agent was there and said, "No. She swathed herself in boxing hand wraps and nothing else.”
Photo by Danielle Levitt
One can’t help but wonder after seeing her in her folkloric/pagan horns if the evil queens in fairytales are ever an influence. To that, Lamy has a decisive answer: “Never the evil queen, no! I was more the one who would be waiting for the prince charmant. But not really waiting. I think I was more like, I will have to pick up the prince charming. But what really seduced me more was the One Thousand and One Nights. That’s my story.”
Lamy does not write things down. Her stories and ideas are spoken. She ponders the possibility of her genes having a memory of oral storytelling; she prefers speaking to text. “I like to hear the voice; I feel things in the voice,” she says.
Lamy’s projects are nonstop: music, performances in museums and Venetian lagoons, collaborating on Rick Owens' furniture designs, a Lamyland boxing installation at Selfridges two years ago, a recent auction of punching bags designed by artists earlier this month, and two perfume creations in the works with the marvelous olfactory notes of manure and roses in the splash version. Owens, too, is dreaming up a scent, but less impulsively: “He has been pregnant with a perfume for 12 years.”
What is her favourite smell? “It has to smell of the desert sand; it has to be dark," she says. "And there is always this element of camel piss that is, you know, something a little odd or whatever. Oud. Patchouli. Leather. Things like this. The Perfume Souk in Dubai is very important. Because I hate, I really hate, those clear perfumes.”
What’s next? Lamy is awaiting the birth of her first grandchild and reflecting.
“Well, because I am looking for some kind of serenity now," she says of taking it all in. "That’s the thing. Because I am thinking, you know, I’m 75.”
And how does one achieve that?
“As Rick would say, beauty is always the answer.'"
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Ken Edwards
Have your say on plans that could see leisure services privatised
Swimming pools in Macclesfield and Poynton could be privatised as part of sweeping changes to council leisure services.
Chris Slater
Cheshire East currently spends £9m a year on 15 leisure centres across the borough including Macclesfield Leisure Centre on Priory Lane, Upton Priory. But CEC wants to reduce this amount as part of a three-year spending squeeze.
Leisure bosses are looking at a number of options to save cash including:
Leasing leisure centres to private firms or an existing trust to run
Forming a charitable trust or arms-length company that would operate them
Transferring parts of them to town and parish councils.
Under all the options, the council would retain ownership of the building and facilities, with the authority paying the third party a ‘management fee’ to run them.
A council spokesman said yesterday they expected all staff to be transferred to any new body created under the changes.
Residents and service users are being consulted over the next four weeks on what their preferred option would be. But the proposals were dismissed as ‘desperate’ by Coun Ken Edwards, Labour councillor for Macclesfield Central.
He said: “I am deeply disappointed. All of these options are experiments. I think the charitable trust idea could work but only in exceptional circumstances.
“You can’t just simply off-load them and hope something turns up. These are desperate measures.”
Councillors on CEC’s health and adult social care policy development group have already given their support to the idea of a charitable trust.
Michael Jones, council leader, said: “Leisure services are important to our communities, this is why I want to get residents’ thoughts on the best way of improving on and enhancing our current offering.
“Research shows that one well-established way of delivering these services, popular with other local authorities, is that of a charitable trust.
“We want to hear what residents think about this and I would encourage them to go online and fill in the questionnaire.”
Coun Janet Clowes, cabinet member in charge of health and adult social care, added: “We are confident that a third party organisation would be able to deliver leisure services in a more efficient and targeted way, leading to improved services that will also increase health benefits.”
The plans are part of the council’s strategic commissioning drive, which will see several services transferred to third parties in a bid to improve efficiency.
For more information on the plans, visit the website - www.cheshireeast.gov.uk/leisureoptions .
Residents can email comments to leisureoptions@cheshireeast.gov.uk or write to Leisure and Cultural Services, 2nd Floor, Westfields, Sandbach, CW11 1HZ. The consultation closes on Friday, April 19.
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About | Agenda | Publications | Litigation | Databases | Events | Donate |
Brookings Institution: Expand School Choice
November 30, 2011 | Font size: 75% 100% 125% 150%
By Michael Van Beek
The center-left Brookings Institution released a report today called the "Education Choice and Competition Index," which attempts to measure how open to parental choice the nation’s 25 largest school districts are. New York City came out on top based on the scoring rubric.
Although no Michigan district was included in the report (none are among the nation’s 25 largest), the authors still make useful points about school choice that are relevant for this state. As the Legislature continues to debate removing the arbitrary charter school cap, it should consider the following passages from this new report quoted below.
Parents want to exercise choice:
“[M]ore than 50 percent of parents of school-aged children have engaged in some form of school choice, albeit primarily in the form of residential choice and private school tuition: two socially inequitable means of determining where a child attends school. There is little doubt based on the long waiting lists for popular public schools of choice that many more parents wish to exercise choice than are currently able to do so, and schools of choice consistently generate more positive evaluations from parents than assigned schools.”
State Legislatures determine how many school options parents will have:
“Barriers to choice are typically imposed bureaucratically and legislatively, e.g., through charter school caps, restricting public school enrollment to the immediate neighborhood of a family’s residence, and allowing school districts to determine whether virtual education courses should be funded. But these same bureaucratic and legislation mechanisms can also be levers for expanding choice, e.g., having school funding follow children, allowing district-wide open enrollment in public schools, permitting charter expansion, funding virtual courses.”
More choice is better for parents, students and schools, especially the disadvantaged:
“[A] number of studies indicate that public schools tend to improve when they are exposed to choice and competition. That poor families are least likely to be able to exercise choice means that the school districts that serve those families are least subject to competitive pressure and least likely to change."
“Expanding school choice and competition is desirable not only because parents want to exercise choice and schools respond to competitive pressure, although those are compelling reasons. It also provides an alternative to top-down efforts to improve schools through regulation.”
Rules and regulations don’t work as well as choice to ensure quality:
“Top-down federal control imposes significant regulatory burdens on schools, is inflexible and far removed from the consumers and providers of education services, and has to date had only relatively small effects on raising student achievement. Local and state control, in contrast, is often undermined by special interests that control school bureaucracies.”
“Introducing substantial school choice and competition within the boundaries of public school districts provides an alternative to both increasing top-down control from Washington and a return to the status quo of the past century in which local and state school bureaucracies carried out their missions with little accountability either to the federal government or taxpayers and parents.”
Permission to reprint this blog post in whole or in part is hereby granted, provided that the author (or authors) and the Mackinac Center for Public Policy are properly cited. Permission to reprint any comments below is granted only for those comments written by Mackinac Center policy staff.
Get insightful commentary and the most reliable research on Michigan issues sent straight to your inbox.
Michigan Parents Need School Options
Ben DeGrow and Beth DeShone | January 23, 2019
“Miss Virginia” an Inspiration to Michigan Parents
Ben DeGrow | October 28, 2019
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Autonomous Technologies News
Oi 50th "Voices": Professor Edward Hill, OBE, Chief Executive, National Oceanography Centre
of vehicles including the first abyssal version Autosub 6000, and of course Autosub Long Range AKA Boaty McBoatface. Through the NOC’s Marine Robotics Innovation Center in Southampton we have worked with many companies, research organizations and government bodies to develop pioneering autonomous technologies. I have been especially proud and satisfied to see how some of the small companies we have worked with have grown, and also to see products we have been actively involved with in the early stages of development come to market and be exhibited at Oi. These products include the ecoSUB small
Sonardyne Tests Autonomous Vehicles Navigation for UK MOD
of the UK’s Defense Science and Technology Laboratory (DSTL), amounting to £2.1 million ($2.6 million) in funding. The awards are part of the Autonomy in a Dynamic World competition, launched last year, which aims to address factors that affect the military effectiveness of current autonomous technologies.DASA project manager Helen Mullender said, “The work being funded is to mature autonomous systems with the capability to operate on demand, under all conditions that may be encountered. Military operations are undertaken in all kinds of challenging environment. The inclusion of autonomous
Remotely Operated Vehicles: Thinking out of the Box
EV ROV made the headlines, what SMD launched was a technology suite, rather than a single ROV, based on an open-electric framework for whatever shape vehicle is required and that can be adapted for a variety of tethered or untethered operations.Mark Collins, SMD’s Director for Remote and Autonomous Technologies, says four years’ work has gone into the design, which will be available as a product this year [2020] – but will also to be used as a harness for other form factor systems, such as AUVs because of its modularity.Key was going all-electric, using an in-house designed 25kW DC
NOAA, Ocean Infinity Form Research Partnership
and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Office to develop new tools for ultra-high-resolution ocean exploration and mapping.The four-year Cooperative Research and Development Agreement (CRADA) between Ocean Infinity and NOAA's Ocean Exploration and Research (OER) will aim to expand deepwater autonomous technologies that will help advance the transmission of ocean information and develop new data-collection and processing methods to increase the value and relevance of deep-ocean data. A key focus, NOAA said, will be advancing telepresence or the transmission of ocean video and information in real-time
SMD Introduces New Work Class ROV
is built to accept AI command technology.SMD has been subjecting the newly developed technologies and the new vehicle to a thorough testing program that will continue over the coming months. First deliveries are expected to begin in 9-12 months.Mark Collins, SMD’s Director for Remote and Autonomous Technologies has been involved throughout the development process “We have been listening to what our customers and the industry want and using our extensive real world, and sometimes painful experience, we’ve developed a new product range which has their needs at its very core. We have really
Subsea: The Future of Unmanned Vehicles
.The Path AheadWhile there are obvious differences between AUVs and ROVs, some like Kinnaman of Greensea see the lines of differentiation blurring, particular as autonomy evolves.“Autonomy and integration technologies are the main (technology) drivers,” said Kinnaman. “Autonomous technologies in ROV systems are driving us to reconsider how we crew offshore operations, enabling plans involving resident systems, and opening the option of keeping crews on the beach versus offshore. Autonomous technologies are also enabling the adoption of subsea vehicles and marine robotic
.And how will your product ultimately help maritime users?Development in automated data processing and development of information products will ultimately benefit maritime users. We are working towards faster and more efficient ways of delivering products to end users and general public.Maritime autonomous technologies are evolving rapidly. Our team concept is unique as it utilizes a new class of surface vessel that can transport, deploy and retrieve underwater data collection vehicles. This represents a tremendous leap forward in autonomous technology because it provides high resolution deep ocean mapping
Machines Infused with AI that Fly, Swarm and Dive
Can mimicking insect behavior provide a way to map the ocean floor? Can robotic-controlled flying and diving drones be both bird-like and fish-like in the race to explore the ocean depths? As a global group of 19 semi-finalist teams in the Shell Ocean Discovery XPRIZE compete to create innovative autonomous technologies to image and chart the unknown in a cold, dark and hull-crushing undersea world at depths down to 4,000 meters, we look to the innovation that will advance our understanding of our planet. In exploring the deep ocean, we’re seeing that new robotic approaches can open
RoboSub Competition: 20 Years of Fun and Learning
extend the air, surface, underwater and ground vehicle capabilities of the Navy and Marine Corps, as shown in recent exhibitions like Unmanned Warrior and the S2ME2 ANTX [Ship-to-Shore Maneuver Exploration and Experimentation Advanced Naval Technology Exercise]. "As unmanned and autonomous technologies advance, the Navy will continue to improve the science behind autonomous vehicles," said Deitz. "We hope today's RoboSub participants will become those engineers, and contribute great ideas and innovative concepts about what the next unmanned systems will look like and how they
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Free shipping for standard order over $70
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/ WORLD NEWS
Trump allies take Pennsylvania vote complaint to US Supreme Court
posted December 06, 2020 at 08:30 am by AFP
Allies of President Donald Trump sought an emergency order Thursday from the US Supreme Court blocking the certification of election results in Pennsylvania, a key state won by President-elect Joe Biden.
US President Donald Trump listens during a Medal of Freedom ceremony for Lou Holtz in the Oval Office of the White House on December 3, 2020, in Washington, DC. AFP
The move follows the Pennsylvania state supreme court's rejection Saturday of a suit challenging expanded mail-in voting in the key northeastern state.
In the motion filed Thursday the top US court is not asked to rule on the merits of the case at this point.
Rather, the plaintiffs ask the court for an injunction to halt any remaining steps in the election certification, which was actually done last week, so the plaintiffs can develop their arguments. They include Mike Kelly, a Republican member of the House of Representatives.
The court is expected to respond quickly in writing and is not obliged to explain whatever ruling it makes.
Trump is still refusing to concede defeat in the November 3 election, alleging without providing evidence that there was widespread fraud in both voting and vote counting and that the election was stolen from him.
The Trump campaign and Trump allies have filed a flurry of lawsuits in battleground states that he lost, seeking to overturn the results. In some 20-odd cases, however, the courts have rejected these suits.
On Tuesday Attorney General Bill Barr, a close ally of the president broke with Trump and said there was no evidence of significant fraud to invalidate Biden's win.
Trump appointed three conservatives to the nine-member court during his presidency and said right after the November election he was prepared to go all the way to that tribunal to defend what he called his re-election victory.
In the 2000 presidential election the high court halted a recount in Florida while George W. Bush held a 537-vote lead over Al Gore, handing Bush the presidency.
This time is different: There is not just one but several states that Trump is disputing and the margins of victory for Biden there are much larger than Bush's was.
The Supreme Court is considered unlikely to risk its reputation by getting involved in the Pennsylvania suit, which would not change the overall outcome of the election anyway.
Topics: Donald Trump , US Supreme Court , Joe Biden , Mike Kelly , George W. Bush
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Not that important
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Evidence against the use of psychological debriefing – new review from University of New South Wales in Australia
Added on the 8th December 2015
A new high quality review provides further evidence against the routine use of psychological debriefing following traumatic events.
The Australian study examined the effectiveness of a number of workplace mental health interventions and in its findings identified that strong evidence was found against the use of debriefing following trauma. It also reported that while there was strong evidence for CBT (Cognitive Behavioural Therapy)-based stress management there was less evidence for counselling.
Professor Neil Greenberg, March on Stress Director, said: “This latest research study supports previous findings surrounding the use of critical incident debriefing.
“Previous research had found this approach to post-trauma management can actually cause further harm and the new review supports this. Most people recover well after a traumatic incident with the benefit of access to good social support from people they trust and sensitive and proactive management by their employers. The evidence available clearly warns against bringing in psychological debriefers or counsellors immediately after an incident. Instead a period of watchful waiting should be implemented, as per the UK NICE (National institute of Health and Care Excellence) guidelines.
“If someone is not recovering after a period of time, which can be identified through structured peer support such as Trauma Risk Management, then specific evidence-based interventions are recommended which could include evidence-based therapies such as CBT or EMDR. The benefit of easy access to peer support is that well trained and supervised colleagues may be able to help affected individuals overcome the stigma which surrounds mental health that often prevents help seeking”
To access the full report, please click here.
Keywords : PTSD Workplace Monitoring, PTSD Recruitment Checks, TRiM BTEC Course, Diagnosing and helping those with PTSD
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Skin Lesion Segmentation in Dermoscopic Images with Combination of YOLO and GrabCut Algorithm
Current Research Provides Insight into the Biological Basis and Diagnostic Potential for Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS)
Lipid-Rich Necrotic Core of Basilar Artery Atherosclerotic Plaque: Contrast-Enhanced Black Blood Imaging on Vessel Wall Imaging
Evidence of Clinical Pathology Abnormalities in People with Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS) from an Analytic Cross-Sectional Study
10.3390/diagnostics9030070
McGregor, N. R.
Armstrong, C. W.
Lewis, D. P.
Gooley, P. R.
Post-Exertional Malaise Is Associated with Hypermetabolism, Hypoacetylation and Purine Metabolism Deregulation in ME/CFS Cases
Neil R. McGregor
1,*,
Christopher W. Armstrong
Donald P. Lewis
Paul R. Gooley
Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville VIC 3010, Australia
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biochemistry Institute, 30 Flemington Road, Parkville VIC 3010, Australia
CFS Discovery, Donvale Medical Centre, Donvale VIC 3111, Australia
Diagnostics 2019, 9(3), 70; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics9030070
Received: 17 June 2019 / Revised: 30 June 2019 / Accepted: 2 July 2019 / Published: 4 July 2019
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biomedical Insights that Inform the Diagnosis of ME/CFS)
Download PDF Review Reports
Post-exertional malaise (PEM) is a cardinal predictive symptom in the definition of Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS). If the cases overexert themselves they have what is termed “payback” resulting in a worsening of symptoms or relapse which can last for days, weeks or even months. The aim was to assess the changes in biochemistry associated with the cases self-reported PEM scores over a 7-day period and the frequency of reporting over a 12-month period. Forty-seven ME/CFS cases and age/sex-matched controls had a clinical examination, completed questionnaires; were subjected to standard serum biochemistry; had their serum and urine metabolomes analyzed in an observational study. Thirty-five of the 46 ME/CFS cases reported PEM in the last 7-days and these were allocated to the PEM group. The principal biochemical change related to the 7-day severity of PEM was the fall in the purine metabolite, hypoxanthine. This decrease correlated with alterations in the glucose:lactate ratio highly suggestive of a glycolytic anomaly. Increased excretion of urine metabolites within the 7-day response period indicated a hypermetabolic event was occurring. Increases in urine excretion of methylhistidine (muscle protein degradation), mannitol (intestinal barrier deregulation) and acetate were noted with the hypermetabolic event. These data indicate hypoacetylation was occurring, which may also be related to deregulation of multiple cytoplasmic enzymes and DNA histone regulation. These findings suggest the primary events associated with PEM were due to hypoacetylation and metabolite loss during the acute PEM response.
Keywords: fatigue syndrome; chronic; exercise; hypoacetylation; methylhistidine; histone deacetylation fatigue syndrome; chronic; exercise; hypoacetylation; methylhistidine; histone deacetylation
Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS) is a medically unexplained condition which occurs predominantly in females. It is characterized by persistent or relapsing fatigue and altered responses to exercise and alterations in normal sleep structure. Post-exertional malaise (PEM) is 10.4-fold more frequent in ME/CFS cases compared with controls [1]. However, very little is known about the underlying pathophysiology of PEM.
ME/CFS females were reported to have biochemical changes consistent with the deregulation of glycolysis and urea cycle activity [2], which were indicated by increases in the fasted first morning serum metabolome glucose and falls in lactate and acetate. The deregulation of glycolysis at pyruvate dehydrogenase (EC 1.2.4.1), has been confirmed by other researchers [3]. This deregulation of glycolysis results in falls of acetate and activation of histone deacetylation [4,5] as well as deregulation of acetylation of cytoplasmic and mitochondrial enzymes. Importantly, histone deacetylase 2 (HDAC2) was ~four fold higher and HDAC3 was ~two-fold higher, in ME/CFS cases compared with controls [6]. In further support, a study of gene upregulation in ME/CFS cases, following an exercise test, revealed two histone genes were upregulated [7]. Analysis of HDAC binding sites within the genes of that study revealed that 19 of the 20 upregulated genes had binding sites for HDAC1 and HDAC2 but also members of the SMAD transcription factor family that convey the signal from the transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) receptor, namely SMAD1, SMAD4, and SMAD5 [8,9] (Table S1). The Whistler et al. study [7] also supports the hypothesis that acetylation changes may occur, when ME/CFS cases have PEM. Anomalies in TGF-β have also been identified in some ME/CFS studies but not all [10,11]. However, none of these were assessed against PEM activity. These data indicate that the change in glycolysis in ME/CFS cases may be related to either or combined effects of at least: (1) histone deacetylation; (2) a chronic reduction in acetate production via glycolysis; (3) deregulation of cytoplasmic and mitochondrial enzyme acetylation.
Reductions in the purine metabolite, hypoxanthine, were also found in the serum metabolomes of the females in first morning fasted samples [2] and potentially indicated reductions in the ability to produce ATP. During exercise, the release of hypoxanthine from muscle occurs as part of a hypermetabolic event when the levels of mitochondrial/cytoplasmic ATP fall. The hypermetabolic event relates to the release of metabolites from muscle associated with inhibition of protein synthesis within muscle once exercise starts. This same event occurs in lymphocytes when glycolysis is inhibited [12,13]. Whilst multiple immune issues have been detected in ME/CFS cases, the underlying mechanism behind the changes have not been identified [14]. Activation of glycolysis and histone acetylation are essential steps in immune activation [15], in particular T-cells and NK-cells [16]. An interesting study of lymphocytes showed that when the ATP levels fell after inhibition of glycolysis and adenosine degradation products increased, the incorporation of leucine into protein was also dramatically inhibited [12]. Thus, the ME/CFS case immune system issues may be a result of glycolytic and acetylation dysregulation, resulting in a reduced ability to translate DNA into proteins and hence protein synthesis. Evidence also indicates a switch toward utilization of branched-chain amino acids as an energy source, especially during exhaustive events [17].
Acetate is associated with control of multiple enzymes within the cell [18], which could be critically important in the biochemical changes in ME/CFS. A total of 1750 cellular proteins have been identified to have the characteristics to bind acetate and alter the protein function, these include DNA replication (52 proteins), DNA repair (72 proteins), cell cycle switching (132 proteins), nucleotide exchange factors (55 proteins), and acetylation and deacetylation (21 proteins) [18]. The biochemistry of these acetate regulated events may be secondary to the fall in acetate but are likely to have profound effects upon cellular function in ME/CFS cases.
The objective of this paper was to assess PEM 7-day severity and 12-month frequency symptoms scores and related biochemistry (blood and urine) in ME/CFS cases and controls. Associations of the PEM scores were examined using standard serum biochemistry, a 24-hour urine assessment and a blood and urine metabolome.
Forty-six cases with ME/CFS and 26 fatigue-free, age and sex-matched healthy individuals were recruited. Obtaining age and sex-matched controls was undertaken by placing advertisements on University billboards and selecting individuals of the same sex and age (±5 years) who were then assessed using the same clinical examinations. The ME/CFS group comprised cases that were currently symptomatic and diagnosed as having ME/CFS in accordance with the Canadian guidelines and its exclusionary criteria [19]. A Depression Anxiety Stress assessment (DASS) [20] was used to assess their psychiatric comorbidity. Only those ME/CFS subjects who complied with the criteria were included in the study. All subjects were asked to list their drugs and oral supplements. None of the participants were related to one another nor did they ever live together. All subjects signed consent forms. This study was approved by the University of Melbourne human research ethics committee (HREC# 0723086, 2010) and the first specimens were collected on 23 September 2010.
2.1. Clinical Measures
The subjects had a full clinical examination and were questioned about their illness, onset, and family histories to determine whether they fulfilled criteria for the Canadian ME/CFS guidelines. All subjects completed several questionnaires, including a large symptom questionnaire developed for chronic pain research [21]. It asked subjects to score how severe a symptom was in the last seven days (0–4 scalar response) and how frequently the symptom occurred over the last 12-month period (0–4 scalar response), as previously published [22]. The 7-day severity and 12-month frequency scores, designed to differentiate between acute and chronic responses, have been assessed against the biochemistry and found to differentiate between an acute response and a chronic response [22]. These questionnaires were checked for completeness by the reception staff and the medical clinician (DL). The medical clinician questioned the subjects about their responses to ensure accuracy.
2.2. Biochemistry Assessments
The sample collection and processing has previously been published [2] and are provided here in summary. Subjects had a phlebotomy for either standard serum biochemistry, which was performed at a commercial (National Association of Testing Authorities (NATA) accredited) laboratory; or a metabolome. A second urine sample was collected upon rising by each subject at their home and stored at 4 °C. Within 6 h, a blood sample was taken by venipuncture into BD Vacutainer® blood collection tubes (Beckton Dickinson, Mississauga, ON, Canada). All samples were stored at −80 °C prior to performing an NMR analysis as previously described [2] using a liquid-liquid extraction technique [23], data were acquired on an 800 MHz Bruker Avance II NMR spectrometer (Bruker, Billerica, MA, USA); metabolites were identified and quantitated with the compound libraries in the Chenomx software (v6.1, Chenomx, Edmonton, AB, Canada). Twenty-nine metabolites per blood serum sample and thirty metabolites per urine sample were identified.
2.3. Data Analysis
The metabolome data were prepared as raw data (µM) and as relatively distributed data (%) by dividing each metabolite concentration by the total concentration of metabolites quantified in each sample. The parametric data prior to statistical analysis was assessed for normality and log converted if not normally distributed. All percentage data were arcsine converted for analysis. The dataset was evaluated using Statistica for Windows Ver. 12.0 (TIBCO Software, Palo Alto, CA, USA) using statistical calculations, including t-tests and Pearson correlation coefficients, ANOVA and multivariate analysis. The nonparametric data were assessed using Spearman rank correlations, Mann-Whitney U-tests or Kruskal-Wallis ANOVA. Small sample frequency data were analyzed with Fisher exact Chi-square analysis (χ2). Multiplicity (Bonferroni) correction was carried out on the data based upon the number of variables assessed in each statistical test.
3.1. Demographics
To examine the PEM biochemistry, we chose to divide the ME/CFS group on presence/absence of significant PEM responses in the last 7 days (PEM, NoPEM meaning those without current symptoms, Controls (C)). Table 1 shows the subject demographics for the ME/CFS cases divided on the basis of the presence or absence of significant PEM and the control group. No differences were found for sudden versus gradual onset or triggers at onset, such as infections (significance p < 0.01). Table 1 also shows the ME/CFS-defined symptom clusters across the three groups (control, ME/CFS: NoPEM, PEM). Apart from the PEM scores, there were no differences in symptom profiles between the NoPEM and PEM groups. Both groups presented higher scores compared with controls.
3.2. Biochemistry
Table 2 shows a summary of the statistically significant metabolome measures between the groups. The ME/CFS groups had significant reductions in serum hypoxanthine (NoPEM 4.4-fold lower, PEM 2.4-fold lower versus controls), serum lactate (NoPEM 1.9-fold lower, PEM 1.6-fold lower versus controls), phenylalanine (Both NoPEM and PEM 1.3-fold lower versus controls). Glucose was increased in the ME/CFS cases (both NoPEM and PEM 1.2-fold higher versus controls). In the urine the fall in acetate was greatest (NoPEM 2.5-fold lower, PEM 1.5-fold lower versus controls) and this was statistically different between the NoPEM and PEM subgroups (p < 0.01). The excretion of methylhistidine was higher in the PEM subgroup (1.6 fold) and control (1.3 fold) groups, respectively, compared with the NoPEM subgroup. In the fecal metabolome, the % butyrate was increased in the NoPEM group compared with both the PEM and control groups. (Figure S1 shows the group canonical plots of separations using different analyses).
Table 3 is a summary of the correlation analysis of the PEM scores across the whole group and within the ME/CFS group. In the whole group analysis, the 7-day severity PEM score and 12-month frequency PEM scores were positively correlated with serum glucose and negatively correlated with hypoxanthine, phenylalanine, lactate and threonine. No significant correlates were noted within the ME/CFS group. The absolute urine levels showed a significant correlation between the 7-day PEM score along with mannitol, serine, acetate, methylhistidine and glucose. The 12-month frequency of PEM correlated with a fall in acetate alone. The urine percentage data showed falls in urea, pyruvate and acetate with both the 7-day severity and 12-month frequency scores. The only fecal component to reach statistical significance was the percentage uracil. These data show a significant renal concentrating issue is occurring in the ME/CFS group during a PEM event and this was principally related to falls in urea and acetate. To check this, we calculated the serum to urine ratios of multiple metabolites. The 7-day severity of PEM correlated with the following ratios: serum acetate:urine acetate ratio (r = −0.44, p < 0.002), serum tyrosine:urine tyrosine ratio (r = −0.40, p < 0.006), serum serine:urine serine ratio (r = −0.39, p < 0.008), serum creatine:urine creatine ratio (r = −0.38, p < 0.009), and the serum leucine:urine leucine ratio (r = −0.37, p < 0.01). Thus, the 7-day severity of PEM was associated with an increased urinary excretion of metabolites within the ME/CFS group and this was associated with a reduction in multiple serum metabolites including the important protein synthesis regulating amino acid, leucine.
The serum glucose:lactate ratio is very similar to the changes in the urine glucose:lactate ratio, which is consistent with the change seen in the serum acetate: urine acetate ratio. This suggests that the serum and urine changes are very similar. Thus, the available acetate in serum appears to be significantly reduced and is lowest in the NoPEM cases.
3.3. Purine Metabolism Changes
As serum hypoxanthine was the prime predictive variable for alterations in the PEM scores, we assessed the relationships between serum Hypoxanthine and the purine related metabolites (Table 4). Serum and urine hypoxanthines were lower in the PEM subgroups versus the controls. Whilst there was no difference in the serum urate levels, the marker of purine degradation in the liver, the serum hypoxanthine: urate ratio was lower in the ME/CFS group. The ratio in the NoPEM subgroup was 5.4-fold lower whilst in the PEM group the ratio was 3.5-fold lower. The hypoxanthine:urate ratio was negatively correlated with serum glucose (r = −0.48, p < 0.001) and positively correlated with serum lactate (r = 0.77, p < 0.001), the purine ring precursor amino acids (r = 0.54, p < 0.001), acetate (r = 0.49, p < 0.001), and the total serum amino acids (r = 0.38, p < 0.006). The correlation between serum hypoxanthine and the purine ring precursors, indicative of purine synthesis, was not different between the ME/CFS cases and the controls (ME/CFS r = 0.66, p < 0.001, control r = 0.61, p < 0.001). However, the ratio was significantly lower in the ME/CFS group (Table 4 and Figure S2) and the purine ring precursor amino acids correlated positively with serum acetate (r = 0.52, p < 0.001). Thus, the synthesis and possibly the salvage of hypoxanthine were reduced whilst purine degradation was in the normal range. The levels of hypoxanthine in the serum were associated with the availability of the purine ring precursors, the glucose: lactate ratio and acetate. This suggests that acetylation is a major factor in the change in the purine metabolism deregulation in ME/CFS. Thus, the increase in urine metabolite loss during exercise events in ME/CFS cases results in a loss of purine ring precursors and a fall in acetate and hypoxanthine.
This paper has identified that the post-exertional malaise experienced by an Australian Anglo-Celtic cohort of ME/CFS cases is associated with a deregulation of purine metabolism and low acetate levels. This deregulation of purine metabolism is associated with a change in glycolytic activity and a switch to urea cycle creatine phosphate energy usage [2]. This has the effect of reducing the availability of acetate and upregulating histone deacetylase activity [4]. A four- and two-fold increase in HDAC2 and HDAC3, respectively, have been confirmed in ME/CFS cases [6] and a very high level of HDAC1 and HDAC2 binding sites occur within the genes upregulated in ME/CFS cases following exercise (see Table S1) [7]. The enzyme hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase (EC 2.4.2.8) is an important enzyme in the salvage of the purines, adenosine and guanine [24]. Its gene (HPRT1) is on the X chromosome and has an unusual regulatory issue. Acetylation and methylation of one X chromosome silence its activity in females, which results in a single X chromosome being active for transcription, as in males [25,26]. This potentially poses a significant issue if there is a loss of silencing of the second X chromosome. This study has too few males to properly assess this potential issue. Deregulation of X chromosome silencing may be related to the fall in hypoxanthine salvage and the more severe illness in females compared with males [1]. Studies are warranted to investigate this interesting possibility.
There is increased urine excretion of metabolites associated with the 7-day PEM scores, in-particular, mannitol, methylhistidine, acetate, and glucose. This increased metabolite excretion correlates with the ME/CFS case reported 7-day severity of PEM symptoms. Relative abundance assessment shows that the efflux of metabolites is associated with reductions in urine urea, pyruvate and acetate suggesting an energy and renal concentrating issue, possibly associated with hypoacetylation, is most likely occurring at the time of the metabolite loss. In diabetic nephropathy, the renal tubular cells upregulate glycolysis and lactate production [27]. This may also be the case in this study as the excretion of glucose (r = +0.37, p < 0.01) and acetate (r = +0.41, p < 0.01) were positively correlated with the 7-day PEM severity. Importantly, acetate was negatively correlated with the 12-month frequency of PEM events (r = −0.32, p < 0.01). This change in renal acetate retention is also supported by the negative correlation between the 7-day PEM score and the serum acetate:urine acetate ratio (r = −0.44, p < 0.002). Thus, the greater the frequency of PEM events the greater the loss of acetate. Renal glomerular podocytes are damaged by increases in blood glucose in diabetic patients and this has been linked to deacetylation of Nephrin and microRNA activity [28]. In this study, the reduction in serum acetate levels appears to result in a conditional renal hypoacetylation event which will allow increased metabolite loss from the kidney. Renal changes in diabetes nephropathy are also associated with down-regulation of bone morphogenic protein (BMP) receptor function and TGF-β mediated transcription factor production and supply of BMP-7 restores function [29,30]. Whilst the renal changes are very similar to the renal changes seen in central diabetes insipidus, protein-calorie restriction and infection/inflammatory mediated events, no subjects had diabetes insipidus or were protein calorie restricted, and all had average BMI’s. These renal changes provide additional support for either an inflammatory origin or a possibly an energy/acetylation or even a transcription factor problem. Importantly, multiple studies have found that the level of serum cytokines are not significantly different between ME/CFS and controls and do not correlate with symptom expression [31]. Therefore, studies to assess the activities of HDAC and BMP transcription factors in MEC/CFS cases are warranted.
The change in renal metabolite loss is associated with increased mannitol excretion, which suggests a gastrointestinal barrier issue may also be occurring. NoPEM ME/CFS cases had a 3.2-fold lower urinary mannitol, not unlike that seen in multiple sclerosis patients [32]. However, the level of urinary mannitol increased with the 7-day PEM scores (r = +0.38, p < 0.01). This increase in mannitol indicates a potential intestinal barrier change, which is consistent with the finding of bacteremia following exercise in ME/CFS cases [33]. The presence of bacteremia is supported by the correlation between fecal uracil and the 7-day PEM score (r = +0.46, p < 0.001). The increase in fecal uracil was also correlated with the serum hypoxanthine level in the PEM group (r = +0.39, p < 0.03) showing that they rose together as part of the PEM-associated hypermetabolic event. Uracil is a breakdown product of RNA but may also be of bacterial origin. Whether this indicates a breakdown in enterocytes or an alteration in the fecal flora or their metabotoxins/toxins is not known. Further investigation of these changes is warranted.
A 1.6-fold increase in urinary excretion of methylhistidine within the PEM subgroup was also seen compared with the NoPEM subgroup. Methylhistidine is a breakdown product of muscle contractile proteins, following a short term bout of resistance exercise [34]. Muscle protein synthesis is controlled by the available leucine and phenylalanine [35] and by BMP protein receptor activity [36]. In this study urinary methylhistidine positively correlated with urinary creatine (r = +0.63, p < 0.001), leucine (r = +0.59, p < 0.001), phenylalanine (r = +0.40, p < 0.001) and acetate (r = +0.47, p < 0.001) across all groups. A reduction in available acetate during exercise is associated with a reduction in phosphocreatine degradation and hence is associated with increased phosphocreatine and mitochondrial energy provision [37], which is consistent with the glycolysis/urea cycle energy switch identified in this ME/CFS cohort [2]. Interestingly, 3-methylhistidine in the nonacetylated form is excreted in greater amounts when rats are exposed to bacterial lipopolysaccharides [38]. It is likely that the increased 3-methylhistidine excretion observed during the 7-day PEM response is the result of the reduced energy provision and the fall in amino acids, which may be acetylation mediated. However, the response could also be exacerbated by the gastrointestinal barrier anomalies suggested by the increased bacteremia identified in ME/CFS cases [33]. Alternatively, an anomaly in BMP regulation may also be involved in the increased 3-methylhistidine excretion. Thus, a combination of at least three different events may contribute to the increased 3-methylhistidine excretion and this may be reflected in different genetic susceptibilities within different subjects.
The findings that the PEM is associated with a loss of metabolites, reduction in acetylation, deregulation of purine metabolism, increased contractile protein breakdown and bacteremia associated with exercise suggest that treatments such as graded exercise may be more detrimental than beneficial as claimed in some studies [39,40]. Until such time as these biological changes can be further investigated, the use of graded exercise as a therapy for those with severe forms of ME/CFS should be considered potentially harmful. In support of this, the use of graded exercise therapy has caused significant protest by ME/CFS sufferers as they see it as harmful [41,42].
This study was designed to investigate metabolic changes in ME/CFS subjects using a discovery hypothesis and not a specific hypothesis-driven method to assess specific biochemical events. This study with these limitations has resulted in the development of a hypothesis which now requires to be assessed by a typical hypothesis-driven process. Whilst the study size is small it reproduced the earlier findings but should be reproduced with a larger sample or multi-centers to reconfirm the findings. The use of self-reported symptoms may introduce a recall bias within the subjects and in a larger study, each of the variables found to be associated with the symptom severity and distribution need to be evaluated by other methods. Studies investigating acetylation and its related DNA transcription changes and the alteration in cytosol enzyme activity should allow the development of the understanding of the mechanisms of PEM development and the development of appropriate therapies based upon the underlying biochemistry.
This study revealed that post-exertional malaise is associated with changes in glycolysis and acetylation in ME/CFS cases. These changes are consistent with a hypoacetylation state and are likely to significantly alter histone acetylation and the actions of acetylation and deacetylation in controlling cellular enzymatic events. Well-designed studies evaluating these important factors are warranted.
The following are available online at https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/9/3/70/s1.
Conceptualization, investigation, curation of the data and review of the manuscript involved all authors; The methodology and validation of the data was undertaken at the Bio21 Institute, University of Melbourne by C.W.A. and P.R.G.; The resources to obtain and process the data were provided by D.P.L. at CFS discovery and at the Bio21 Institute by P.R.G.; Data analysis and writing the original draft was performed by N.R.M.; The project was administered by P.R.G. and the funding acquired by P.R.G. and/or C.W.A.
This research was funded by the Judith Jane Mason and Harold Stannett Williams memorial foundation (The Mason Foundation) (MAS2017F046 in addition to funding without reference numbers in 2009, 2010, 2012 and 2015), philanthropic donations by Mr Douglas Stutt, the Field family and the Blake Beckett trust, and equipment grants from the Rowen White Foundation and the State of Victoria.
The authors of this work would like to thank the nursing and administrative staff at the CFS Discovery clinic for their important help throughout this study.
BMP Bone Morphogenic Protein
HDAC Histone Deacetylase
ME/CFS FS Myalgic encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome
PEM Post-Exertional Malaise
SMAD Transforming Growth Factor-Beta Signaling Proteins
TGF-β Transforming Growth Factor-Beta
TCA tricarboxylic acid cycle
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Table 1. Subject demographics, post-exertional malaise (PEM) scores within the ME/CFS cases divided on the basis of PEM 7-day severity scores compared with controls. The symptom scores are given as the median and the 10–90% percentile distribution.
ME/CFS NoPEM
ME/CFS PEM
Number 25 11 35
Age 33.6 ± 7.8 * 30.9 ± 9.6 42.1 ± 16.3
%Females 96% 100% 80%
Duration (years) - 8.7 ± 5.4 12.1 ± 9.7
Age at Onset - 22.8 ± 6.8 30 ± 13.9
Systolic BP - 116 ± 12 129 ± 17
Diastolic BP - 79 ± 7 83 ± 9
Pulse rate - 78 ± 11 73 ± 13
BMI x ± SD 23.1 ± 2.6 22.7 ± 3.6 24.9 ± 6.1
DASS Depression 0 11.2 ± 10.7 11.1 ± 11.1
DASS Anxiety 0.5 ± 0.6 13.3 ± 8.3 9.8 ± 7.8
DASS Stress 3.5 ± 3.6 * 20.7 ± 9.4 * 12.9 ± 8.7
PEM 7D 0.1 ± 0.4 ** 1.3 ± 0.65 ** 3.7 ± 0.5 **,‡
12F 0.1 ± 0.4 ** 2.8 ± 1.2 ** 3.5 ± 0.6 **,†
Fatigue 7D 0.7 ± 0.8 ** 3.2 ± 0.9 ** 3.7 ± 0.6 **
12F 1.1 ± 0.8 ** 3.8 ± 0.6 ** 3.8 ± 0.4 **
Sleep Disturbance 7D 1.6 ± 2.6 ** 10.9 ± 2.5 ** 10.5 ± 3.2 **
12F 2.6 ± 2.3 ** 12.3 ± 2.7 ** 11.1 ± 2.8 **
Cognition scores 7D 2.3 ± 2.9 ** 16.1 ± 5.8 ** 17.3 ± 6.5 **
Body Pain 7D 1.3 ± 1.3 ** 6.3 ± 2.1 ** 6.3 ± 2.2 **
Distribution 12F 2.6 ± 1.3 ** 7.1 ± 1.5 ** 6.9 ± 2.1 **
Statistical methods: ANOVA and post-hoc Tukey Honest Significance (THS) analysis. Multiplicity (Bonferroni) correction: Data only included if one measure reached p < 0.01. PEM = PEM group. NoPEM = those with very low or absent PEM scores. BMI = body mass index, 7D = 7-Day severity score, 12F = 12-month frequency score. In control column * = p < 0.01 or ** = p < 0.001 for the ANOVA. In the ME/CFS NoPEM or PEM columns * = p < 0.01 or ** = p < 0.001 for post hoc analysis vs. controls. In the ME/CFS NoPEM or PEM columns † = p < 0.01 or ‡ = p < 0.001 for post hoc analysis of NoPEM vs. PEM.
Table 2. Summary of ANOVA assessment of the changes in the serum, urine and fecal metabolomes.
Control Mean (SD)
ME/CFS NoPEM Mean (SD)
ME/CFS PEM Mean (SD)
Hypoxanthine (μM) 15.7 ± 12.2 ** 3.6 ± 1.4 ** 6.6 ± 8.2 **
Lactate (μM) 637 ± 335 ** 339 ± 68 * 399 ± 240 **
Phenylalanine (μM) 18.4 ± 3.1 ** 15.5 ± 2.2 15.1 ± 3.5 **
Glucose (μM) 971 ± 233 * 1266 ± 249 * 1189 ± 318 *
Hypoxanthine % 0.55 ± 0.39 ** 0.14 ± 0.05 ** 0.24 ± 0.25 **
Lactate % 22.7 ± 10.5 ** 12.9 ± 2.0 * 14.7 ± 6.5 **
Phenylalanine % 0.68 ± 0.09 ** 0.60 ± 0.10 0.58 ± 0.10 **
Glucose % 36.2 ± 9.5 ** 48.1 ± 5.3 ** 45.4 ± 7.5 **
Acetate (μM) 91.9 ± 60.3 ** 37.0 ± 14.9 ** 63.3 ± 31.8 †
Formate (μM) 81.1 ± 56.1 * 27.1 ± 15.2 ** 43.0 ± 30.3 *
Urea (μM) 7969 ± 3050 * 4868 ± 2678 ** 5821 ± 2425
Mannitol (μM) 312 ± 198 * 96 ± 57 ** 258 ± 344 *
Serine (μM) 383 ± 198 * 178 ± 108 ** 313 ± 193
Pyruvate (μM) 22.2 ± 10.7 * 11.3 ± 6.4 ** 18.4 ± 12.6
Hippurate (μM) 632 ± 424 * 297 ± 253 * 666 ± 612
Methylhistidine (μM) 278 ± 192 * 230 ± 418 * 358 ± 373 †
Pyruvate % 0.36 ± 0.08 ** 0.26 ± 0.11 * 0.27 ± 0.09 **
Urea % 4.7 ± 3.4 ** 3.8 ± 5.3 5.6 ± 5.1 **
Serine % 6.1 ± 1.6 * 4.2 ± 0.9 * 4.8 ± 1.9 *
Creatinine % 19.7 ± 10.3 * 33.4 ± 9.2 * 25.7 ± 11.5
Acetate % 1.53 ± 0.67 * 0.94 ± 0.26 * 1.08 ± 0.61 *
Allantoin % 0.53 ± 0.28 * 0.96 ± 0.33 * 0.78 ± 0.53
Tryptophan % 0.49 ± 0.16 * 0.49 ± 0.35 0.36 ± 0.10 *
Butyrate % 9.8 ± 3.5 * 15.2 ± 4.5 * 11.3 ± 4.4 †
Serum Glucose: Lactate 2.2 ± 1.4 ** 3.8 ± 0.7 ** 3.6 ± 1.4 **
Urine Glucose: Lactate 5.2 ± 2.3 * 7.8 ± 4.7 * 6.2 ± 1.8
Serum Glucose: Acetate 96.4 ± 53.6 ** 150.6 ± 45.8 * 155.2 ± 72.0 **
Urine Glucose: Acetate 1.37 ± 0.61 * 1.91 ± 0.52 * 1.78 ± 0.70
Serum Acetate: Urine Acetate 0.16 ± 0.09 * 0.30 ± 0.18 * 0.18 ± 0.09 †
Statistical method: ANOVA, multiplicity correction p < 0.01. In control column * = p < 0.01 or ** = p < 0.001 for the ANOVA. In the ME/CFS NoPEM or PEM columns * = p < 0.01 or ** = p < 0.001 for post hoc analysis vs. controls. In the ME/CFS NoPEM or PEM columns † = p < 0.01 for post hoc analysis of NoPEM vs. PEM.
Table 3. PEM 7-day severity and 12-month frequency score correlate with biochemistry in the Serum urine and fecal metabolomes.
7-Day PEM All Subjects
7-Day PEM ME/CFS Subjects
12-Month PEM All Subjects
12-Month PEM ME/CFS Subjects
Phenylalanine −0.40 ** −0.11 −0.42 ** −0.08
Hypoxanthine −0.35 * +0.25 −0.43 ** +0.21
Lactate −0.33 * +0.13 −0.37 * +0.18
Threonine −0.31 * −0.13 −0.25 +0.07
Glucose +0.31 * −0.09 +0.38 ** +0.02
Total Metabolite +0.10 +0.38 * −0.02 +0.18
Mannitol −0.01 +0.43 * −0.15 +0.20
Serine −0.07 +0.42 * −0.22 +0.17
Acetate −0.18 +0.41 * −0.32 * +0.21
p-Methylhistidine +0.08 +0.40 * −0.14 −0.02
Glucose +0.02 +0.37 * −0.09 +0.23
Urine %
Urea% −0.42 ** −0.24 −0.37 ** −0.04
Pyruvate% −0.35 * +0.06 −0.37 ** 0.13
Tryptophan% −0.32 * −0.28 −0.20 0.06
Malonate% −0.32 * −0.37 * −0.18 0.05
Acetate% −0.30 * +0.06 −0.35 * −0.01
Fecal %
Uracil +0.04 +0.46 ** −0.09 0.27
Statistical method: Spearman Rank correlation. Multiplicity correction p < 0.01, * = p < 0.01 or ** = p < 0.001.
Table 4. Assessment of Purine metabolite changes in serum and urine in the PEM, NoPEM and control subjects.
NoPEM
Serum Hypoxanthine 15.7 ± 12.2 ** 3.6 ± 1.4 ** 6.6 ± 8.2 **
% Serum Hypoxanthine 0.55 ± 0.39% ** 0.14 ± 0.05% ** 0.24 ± 0.25% **
Urine Hypoxanthine 14.9 ± 6.7 * 7.6 ± 4.0* 14.3 ± 11.3
%Urine Hypoxanthine 0.26 ± 0.13% * 0.17 ± 0.04% 0.21 ± 0.10%
Urine Allantoin 32.8 ± 19.0 36.0 ± 13.5 43.7 ± 25.1
% Urine Allantoin 0.53 ± 0.28% * 0.96 ± 0.33% * 0.78 ± 0.53%
Serum Urate 0.28 ± 0.03 0.28 ± 0.06 0.29 ± 0.09
Serum Purine Ring Precursors 138.6 ± 32.8 117.9 ± 23.9 130.2 ± 29.8
Serum Hypoxanthine: Urine Hypoxanthine 1.3 ± 1.6 0.7 ± 0.6 0.9 ± 1.4
Serum Hypoxanthine: Urate 74.2 ± 65.3 ** 13.6 ± 6.2 ** 21.6 ± 26.3 **
Serum Hypoxanthine: Urine Allantoin 0.75 ± 1.26 0.11 ± 0.05 0.34 ± 0.09
Urine Allantoin: Serum Urate 135.5 ± 71.7 134.2 ± 57.1 162.5 ± 96.2
Statistical method: ANOVA. In control column * = p < 0.05 or ** = p < 0.001 for the ANOVA. In the ME/CFS NoPEM or PEM columns * = p < 0.05 or ** = p < 0.001 for post hoc analysis vs. controls.
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The Mouse in Biomedical Research
Download and Read online The Mouse in Biomedical Research, ebooks in PDF, epub, Tuebl Mobi, Kindle Book. Get Free The Mouse In Biomedical Research Textbook and unlimited access to our library by created an account. Fast Download speed and ads Free!
Author : Henry Foster
Publsiher : Elsevier
Total Pages : 320
Language : EN, FR, DE, ES & NL
The Mouse in Biomedical Research Book Review:
The Mouse in Biomedical Research, Volume I: History, Genetics, and Wild Mice focuses on the utility of the mouse as a laboratory animal in biomedical research. A historical perspective on the development and origins of the laboratory and wild mouse is given. The diversity of inbred strains of mice as well as the methods of developing and the genetic monitoring and testing of these strains are discussed. This volume consists of 14 chapters and begins with an overview of mice of the genus Mus and problems concerning evolution within the genus. The following chapters focus on taxonomy, nomenclature, and breeding systems, together with recombinant inbred and congenic resistant mouse strains. Methods of constructing, testing, and monitoring strains are described. Congenic strains, gene mapping, cytogenetics, and murine experimental studies are also considered, along with the histocompatibility-2 complex and radiation genetics. The final chapter is devoted to the pharmacogenetics of the laboratory mouse, paying particular attention to intoxication and detoxication pathways, genetically determined differences in xenobiotic metabolism, and pharmacogenetic polymorphisms. This book will be a useful reference for investigators using mice in many areas of research.
Normative Biology, Husbandry, and Models, the third volume in the four volume set, The Mouse in Biomedical Research, encompasses 23 chapters whose contents provide a broad overview on the laboratory mouse’s normative biology, husbandry, and its use as a model in biomedical research. This consists of chapters on behavior, physiology, reproductive physiology, anatomy, endocrinology, hematology, and clinical chemistry. Other chapters cover management, as well as nutrition, gnotobiotics and disease surveillance. There are also individual chapters describing the mouse as a model for the study of aging, eye research, neurodegenerative diseases, convulsive disorders, diabetes, and cardiovascular and skin diseases. Chapters on imaging techniques and the use of the mouse in assays of biological products are also included.
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Author : Karen Rader
Publsiher : Princeton University Press
Making Mice Book Review:
Making Mice blends scientific biography, institutional history, and cultural history to show how genetically standardized mice came to play a central role in contemporary American biomedical research. Karen Rader introduces us to mouse "fanciers" who bred mice for different characteristics, to scientific entrepreneurs like geneticist C. C. Little, and to the emerging structures of modern biomedical research centered around the National Institutes of Health. Throughout Making Mice, Rader explains how the story of mouse research illuminates our understanding of key issues in the history of science such as the role of model organisms in furthering scientific thought. Ultimately, genetically standardized mice became icons of standardization in biomedicine by successfully negotiating the tension between the natural and the man-made in experimental practice. This book will become a landmark work for its understanding of the cultural and institutional origins of modern biomedical research. It will appeal not only to historians of science but also to biologists and medical researchers.
The Laboratory Mouse
Author : Hans Hedrich
Publsiher : Academic Press
The Laboratory Mouse Book Review:
The Laboratory Mouse, Second Edition is a comprehensive book written by international experts. With inclusions of the newly revised European standards on laboratory animals, this will be the most current, global authority on the care of mice in laboratory research. This well-illustrated edition offers new and updated chapters including immunology, viruses and parasites, behavior, enrichment and care standards of laboratory mice across the life sciences, medical and veterinary fields. Features four-color illustrations with complete instruction on mouse surgery, anatomy, behavior and care of the mouse in laboratory research Offers additional chapters on new mouse strains, phenotyping of strains, bacteria and parasites, and immunology Includes the newly revised EU standards on care, as well as, comparisons to standards and regulations in the US and other countries
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Author : P. Michael Conn
Publsiher : Springer Science & Business Media
Sourcebook of Models for Biomedical Research Book Review:
The collection of systems represented in this volume is a unique effort to reflect the diversity and utility of models used in biomedicine. That utility is based on the consideration that observations made in particular organisms will provide insight into the workings of other, more complex systems. This volume is therefore a comprehensive and extensive collection of these important medical parallels.
Author : Henry L. Foster,J. David Small,James G. Fox
The Mouse in Biomedical Research, Volume III: Normative Biology, Immunology, and Husbandry focuses on the normative biology, immunology, and husbandry of laboratory mice. Topics covered range from gnotobiotics and gastrointestinal microflora to animal health surveillance and health delivery systems, along with environmental monitoring. The management and design of breeding and research facilities are also discussed. Comprised of 18 chapters, this volume begins with an overview of studies involving gnotobiotic mice, the induction of gnotobiosis, and microbiological testing of gnotobiotic animals. Maintenance of breeding colonies of gnotobiotic animals is also considered, together with the shipment of gnotobiotes and laboratory facilities for using gnotobiotes. The reader is then introduced to management and design of breeding and research facilities for gnotobiotic mice; practical factors associated with providing adequate nutrition for laboratory mice; and environmental and equipment monitoring. Subsequent chapters deal with the basic biology of the mouse, including anatomy, embryology, reproductive physiology, physiology, endocrinology, hematology, clinical biochemistry, and gastrointestinal microflora. The book also examines immunoglobulins and immunoglobulin genes; lymphocyte immunogenetics; immune response disorders; and biomethodology and surgical techniques. This monograph will be useful to biologists, immunologists, researchers, and others those who use mice in the laboratory or are concerned with the production and maintenance of colonies of mice.
The Mouse in Animal Genetics and Breeding Research
Author : Eugene J Eisen
Publsiher : World Scientific
The Mouse in Animal Genetics and Breeding Research Book Review:
The sequencing of the mouse genome has placed the mouse front and center as the most important mammalian genetics model. However, no recent volume has detailed the genetic contributions the mouse has made across the spectrum of the life sciences; this book aims to fill that vacuum. Mouse genetics research has made enormous contributions to the understanding of basic genetics, human genetics, and livestock genetics and breeding. The wide-ranging topics in the book include the mouse genome sequencing effort, molecular dissection of quantitative traits, embryo biotechnology, ENU mutagenesis, and genetics of disease resistance, and have been written by experts in their respective fields. Chapter 1: The Beginnings - Ode To A Wee Mouse (58 KB) Contents:The Beginnings: Ode to a Wee Mouse (E J Eisen)Testing Quantitative Genetic Selection Theory (E J Eisen)Maternal Effects, Genomic Imprinting and Evolution (J Funk-Keenan & W R Atchley)Inbreeding and Crossbreeding (G A Brockmann)Genotype by Environment Interaction: Lessons From the Mouse (W D Hohenboken)Genetics of Growth in the Mouse (J M Cheverud)Genetics of Body Composition and Metabolic Rate (L Bünger & W G Hill)Genetics of Reproduction (M K Nielsen)Genetics of Behavior (R J Hitzemann)Genetics of Disease Resistance (S L Ewart & R A Ramadas)Genomic Dissection of Complex Trait Predisposition (D Pomp)Mouse Mutagenesis (D R Beier)Embryo Biotechnologies (C A Pinkert & M J Martin)Transgenics (J D Murray & E A Maga)The Mouse in Biomedical Research (R B Roberts & D W Threadgill)The Mouse Genome Sequencing Project: An Overview (M C Wendl et al.) Readership: Researchers, teachers, graduate students and advanced undergraduates in genetics, genomics, biotechnology, bioinformatics, animal breeding and zoology. Key Features:Covers the methods used to find genes in the mouse that affect complex genetic traitsCuts across biomedical and bioagricultural applicationsNo competing titles availableKeywords:Genetics;Mouse;Biotechnology;Genome Sequencing;Quantitative Genetics;Transgenics;Growth;Reproduction;Biomedical Genetics;Biomedical Genetics;Behavior;Maternal Genetics;ENU Mutagenesis
Cellular and Animal Models in Human Genomics Research
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Microbial and Phenotypic Definition of Rats and Mice
Author : National Research Council,Institute for Laboratory Animal Research,International Committee of the Institute for Laboratory Animal Research
Publsiher : National Academies Press
Microbial and Phenotypic Definition of Rats and Mice Book Review:
US-Japan meetings on laboratory animal science have been held virtually every year since 1980 under the US-Japan Cooperative Program on Science and Technology. Over the years these meetings have resulted in a number of important documents including the Manual of Microbiologic of Monitoring of Laboratory Animals published in 1994 and the article Establishment and Preservation of Reference Inbred Strains of Rats for General Purposes published in 1991. In addition to these publications, these meetings have been instrumental in increasing awareness of the need for microbiologic monitoring of laboratory rodents and the need for genetic definition and monitoring of mice and rats.
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Mouse as a Model Organism Book Review:
Cell culture based research is important for our understanding of biological processes at the cellular and molecular level. Using this approach, the previous decades have produced a wealth of mechanistic information in all areas of biomedical research. Such in vitro research, however, lacks the complexity of in vivo investigations, where many different cell types interact with each other in a normal, three-dimensional environment, with normal levels of cytokines and growth factors. Furthermore, complex human diseases, such as cancer, diabetes or chronic inflammation, can only be modeled in vivo. Due to its small size, its short reproduction time, and the possibility to introduce specific gene mutations, the mouse has become the favourite mammalian model organism to study in vivo function of genes during development and in disease. This book combines review articles on selected subjects presented at the symposium “Mouse as a Model Organism – From Animals to Cells”, held in Rovaniemi, Finland, 2009. Among other topics, high-throughput phenotyping of mouse mutants, mouse phenotypes dependent on nature and nuture, and a spectrum of in vivo, ex vivo and in vitro methods to study cancer in mice are described. This book will give an excellent introduction to scientists interested in the use of mice as a model to understand complex biological questions in the post-genomic era. It will highlight the possibilities, but also discuss the current problems and shortcomings, to give a realistic view of the current state-of-art in this fascinating field of biomedical research.
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Publsiher : CRC Press
The Minipig in Biomedical Research Book Review:
The Minipig in Biomedical Research is a comprehensive resource for research scientists on the potential and use of the minipig in basic and applied biomedical research, and the development of drugs and chemicals. Written by acknowledged experts in the field, and drawing on the authors’ global contacts and experience with regulatory authorities and the pharmaceutical and other industries, this accessible manual ranges widely over the biological, scientific, and practical uses of the minipig in the laboratory. Its coverage extends from the minipig’s origins, anatomy, genetics, immunology, and physiology to its welfare, health, and husbandry; practical dosing and examination procedures; surgical techniques; and all areas of toxicity testing and the uses of the minipig as a disease model. Regulatory aspects of its use are considered. The reader will find an extensive amount of theoretical and practical information in the pharmacology; ADME and toxicology chapters which will help scientists and managers when deciding which species to use in basic research; drug discovery and pharmacology; and toxicology studies of chemicals, biotechnology products and devices. The book discusses regulatory uses of minipigs in the evaluation of human and veterinary pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and other classes of xenobiotics. It describes features of normal health, normal laboratory values, and common diseases. It also carefully elucidates ethical and legal considerations in their supply, housing, and transport. The result is an all-inclusive and up to date manual about the experimental uses of the minipig that describes ‘How to’ and ‘Why’ and ’What to expect in the normal’, combining enthusiasm and experience with critical assessment of its values and potential problems.
Inbred Strains in Biomedical Research
Publsiher : Macmillan International Higher Education
Inbred Strains in Biomedical Research Book Review:
Genetics in Wild Mice
Author : Kazuo Moriwaki,Toshihiko Shiroishi,Hiromichi Yonekowa
Publsiher : S Karger Ag
ISBN 10 :
ISBN 13 : UOM:39015034303019
Genetics in Wild Mice Book Review:
A Practical Guide to the Histology of the Mouse
Author : Cheryl L. C. Scudamore
Publsiher : John Wiley & Sons
A Practical Guide to the Histology of the Mouse Book Review:
A Practical Guide to the Histology of the Mouse provides a full-colour atlas of mouse histology. Mouse models of disease are used extensively in biomedical research with many hundreds of new models being generated each year. Complete phenotypic analysis of all of these models can benefit from histologic review of the tissues. This book is aimed at veterinary and medical pathologists who are unfamiliar with mouse tissues and scientists who wish to evaluate their own mouse models. It provides practical guidance on the collection, sampling and analysis of mouse tissue samples in order to maximize the information that can be gained from these tissues. As well as illustrating the normal microscopic anatomy of the mouse, the book also describes and explains the common anatomic variations, artefacts associated with tissue collection and background lesions to help the scientist to distinguish these changes from experimentally- induced lesions. This will be an essential bench-side companion for researchers and practitioners looking for an accessible and well-illustrated guide to mouse pathology. Written by experienced pathologists and specifically tailored to the needs of scientists and histologists Full colour throughout Provides advice on sampling tissues, necropsy and recording data Includes common anatomic variations, background lesions and artefacts which will help non-experts understand whether histologic variations seen are part of the normal background or related to their experimental manipulation
Animal Models for the Study of Human Disease
Total Pages : 1108
Animal Models for the Study of Human Disease Book Review:
Animal Models for the Study of Human Disease identifies important animal models and assesses the advantages and disadvantages of each model for the study of human disease. The first section addresses how to locate resources, animal alternatives, animal ethics and related issues, much needed information for researchers across the biological sciences and biomedicine.The next sections of the work offers models for disease-oriented topics, including cardiac and pulmonary diseases, aging, infectious diseases, obesity, diabetes, neurological diseases, joint diseases, visual disorders, cancer, hypertension, genetic diseases, and diseases of abuse. Organized by disease orientation for ease of searchability Provides information on locating resources, animal alternatives and animal ethics Covers a broad range of animal models used in research for human disease
Use of Laboratory Animals in Biomedical and Behavioral Research
Author : National Research Council,Institute of Medicine,Institute for Laboratory Animal Research,Commission on Life Sciences,Committee on the Use of Laboratory Animals in Biomedical and Behavioral Research
Use of Laboratory Animals in Biomedical and Behavioral Research Book Review:
Scientific experiments using animals have contributed significantly to the improvement of human health. Animal experiments were crucial to the conquest of polio, for example, and they will undoubtedly be one of the keystones in AIDS research. However, some persons believe that the cost to the animals is often high. Authored by a committee of experts from various fields, this book discusses the benefits that have resulted from animal research, the scope of animal research today, the concerns of advocates of animal welfare, and the prospects for finding alternatives to animal use. The authors conclude with specific recommendations for more consistent government action.
Animal centric Care and Management
Author : Dorte Bratbo Sørensen,Sylvie Cloutier,Brianna N. Gaskill
Animal centric Care and Management Book Review:
The concept of the 3Rs (Refinement, Reduction and Replacement) has been used as a framework for improving the welfare of laboratory animals for the last half century. By establishing an animal-centric view on housing and management, Animal-centric Care and Management: Enhancing Refinement in Biomedical Research takes Russell and Burch’s definition of Refinement as "elimination of inhumanities" and goes further. Rather than fitting animals into experimental conditions, it encourages readers to adjust conditions to better meet the behavioral, emotional, physical, and physiological needs and preferences of the animals. The team of expert authors, from the fields of laboratory animal science, ethology, biology as well as animal training, provide ideas for creating housing conditions and handling procedures that induce, to the best of current abilities and knowledge, a long-term positive state of mind in the animals under our care. This book is written for animal caretakers, animal health technicians, researchers, animal facility managers, laboratory animal veterinarians, and anyone who engages in work with living experimental animals or is interested in the continuous improvement of laboratory animal welfare. This interdisciplinary guide will act as a catalyst, resulting in multiple viewpoints and fields collaborating to optimize laboratory animal welfare.
The Zebrafish in Biomedical Research
Author : Samuel Cartner,Judith S. Eisen,Susan F. Farmer,Karen J. Guillemin,Michael L. Kent,George E. Sanders
The Zebrafish in Biomedical Research Book Review:
The Zebrafish in Biomedical Research: Biology, Husbandry, Diseases, and Research Applications is a comprehensive work that fulfills a critical need for a thorough compilation of information on this species. The text provides significant updates for working vivarium professionals maintaining zebrafish colonies, veterinarians responsible for their care and well-being, zoologists and ethologists studying the species, and investigators using the species to gain critical insights into human physiology and disease. As the zebrafish has become an important model organism for the study of vertebrate development and disease, organ function, behavior, toxicology, cancer, and drug discovery, this book presents an important resource for future research. Presents a complete view of the zebrafish, covering their biology, husbandry, diseases and research applications Includes the work of world-renowned authors Provides the first authoritative and comprehensive treatment of zebrafish in biomedical research as part of the ACLAM series
Transgenic Mouse
Author : Marten H. Hofker,Jan van Deursen
Transgenic Mouse Book Review:
A collection of readily reproducible methods for working with mice, and particularly for generating mouse models that will enable you to better understand gene function. Described in step-by-step detail by highly experienced investigators, these proven techniques include new methods for conditional, induced knockout, and transgenic mice, as well as for working with mice in such important research areas as immunology, cancer, and atherosclerosis. Such alternative strategies as random mutagenesis and viral gene transduction for studying gene function in the mouse are also presented. Use effective methods for conditional and inducible gene expression Review mouse models for a wide range of genetic aberrations associated with human disease.
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Management and Nutrition /
Complementary and Alternative Veterinary Medicine /
Herbal Medicine /
Preparations:
Philosophical or Cultural Approaches:
Mechanisms of Action:
Adverse Effects:
Controversies:
Complementary and Alternative Veterinary Medicine
Overview of Complementary and Alternative Veterinary Medicine
Nutraceuticals and Dietary Supplements
Management of the Neonate
Large animal neonates are born immunocompetent but lack antibodies. In their first few hours of life, neonates must suckle good quality colostrum from the dam to obtain maternal antibodies (immunoglobulins). Which of the following factors might compromise the quality of colostrum?
Disease during gestation
Late-gestation vaccination of dam
Maternal rejection of neonate
Neonatal prematurity
Narda G. Robinson
, DO, DVM, MS, Curacore Vet
Herbal (botanical) medicine involves the practice of prescribing plant products, or products derived directly from plants, for the treatment of disease. Herbal medicine has survived since prehistoric times, in part because, until recently, there were no effective alternatives. Some plants do contain biologically active ingredients, and some pharmaceuticals in widespread use today are identical to, or derivatives of, bioactive constituents of historic folk remedies. Indeed, herbal and botanical sources form the origin of as much as 30% of all modern pharmaceuticals.
Evidential support concerning use of plant products in veterinary patients is scarce and ranges from effective and safe to ineffective and risky. However, the methodologic quality of primary studies on herbal medicines for many species is generally poor. Trials usually lack firm endpoints, and periods of observation are usually short; the clinical relevance of the observed effects is not always clear. In addition, data that directly compare herbal remedies with well-established pharmaceutical products are often not available. However, as the database on herbs continues to grow, veterinarians seeking to prescribe natural, plant-based compounds should inspect the latest scientific literature for information on the compound or product of interest.
Making a rational decision about an herbal product requires knowledge of its active ingredients, its safety and adverse effects, and whether the herb has been shown to be as good as or better than pharmaceutical products available for the same purpose. This information is incomplete or unavailable for most herbal products. In addition, there are no standards or quality control testing of the products regularly recommended for animals. Risk versus benefit questions must be considered for products with unclear constituents and unknown active ingredients.
Botanical products come in a variety of preparations intended either for ingestion or external application. They may be fresh, dried, or freeze-dried; extracted and preserved in oil, alcohol, or water; and delivered as liquids, capsules, pills, poultices, or powders. Other forms of plant-derived substances include essential oils—volatile, rapidly evaporating oils obtained from the leaves, stems, flowers, seeds, or roots of a plant, commonly used in aromatherapy or massage.
The philosophical approach of the practitioner tends to dictate the type(s) of herbs prescribed. For example, North American botanical medicine evolved from European and Native American traditions relies more on pharmacologic actions than on folklore and metaphysics. In comparison, traditional Chinese veterinary medical (TCVM) herbology considers the supposed “energetic” nature of herbs. Western herbal prescribing practices incorporate physical examination findings akin to standard medical assessments, whereas TCVM recommendations depend heavily on the appearance of the tongue and the feel of the pulse. Instead of considering the pharmacologic effects of plants, TCVM practitioners rely on prescientific metaphors to describe the mechanisms of action of products prescribed. This, by definition, leaves them unaware of the actual biochemical processes occurring and is inconsistent with modern medical principles and ethics.
As aforementioned, herbs are plant-based drugs. However, they differ from pharmaceuticals by having a multiplicity of active, inactive, and unknown constituents with additive, synergistic, and/or balancing properties. The medicinal effects of herbs may vary from batch to batch as growing, harvesting, processing, and storage conditions change from year to year. These factors highlight the challenges of not only characterizing but also anticipating patient responses to plant-based prescriptions.
Herbalists recommend herbs for a wide range of disorders. For some conditions, the effects of plant-based drugs rival those of pharmaceuticals. There is evidence of effectiveness of botanical medicine for conditions ranging from digestive ailments to inflammatory conditions and immune support. Many herbs exhibit anticancer and antioxidant benefits. Veterinarians should consult the latest publications in medical literature to assess the strength of research for a condition in question, because the field and evidential support for a variety of conditions is growing rapidly.
Contraindications to the use of herbal products are mostly empirical and depend on the health status of the animal and the putative actions of the herb(s) under consideration. Situations warranting special caution include pregnancy, presurgical states in which the antiplatelet actions of plants interfere with coagulation, and cancer. That is, unforeseen herb-drug interactions could interfere with conventional care and cause unexpected results.
Rightly or wrongly, most herbal medicines are generally considered safe. However, because of the lack of manufacturing standards, quality control, and known effects in veterinary patients, herbal medicines probably present a greater risk of adverse effects and interactions than any other CAVM therapy. Harmful effects of herbs arise from intrinsic toxicity of the plant, herb-drug or herb-herb interactions, contaminants introduced during processing (eg, heavy metals, microbial contaminants, chemical toxins, or pesticides), intentionally added adulterants (eg, pharmaceuticals), or inappropriate prescribing. Examples of especially risky herbs with known toxicities include those containing pyrrolizidine alkaloids (eg, comfrey and chaparral); natural flea treatments made from pennyroyal, known to be lethal for small animals; and skin treatments containing tea tree (melaleuca) oil, which can cause severe neurologic manifestations and hepatotoxicity in cats if absorbed or consumed in sufficient concentrations. For many herbal poisonings, no antidote exists, making death from “natural” treatments such as herbs frustrating. Many Chinese mixtures have toxic components; their amount may be kept "secret" by the manufacturer as a proprietary ingredient. Substances such as strychnine (a neurotoxin) and aconite (a cardiotoxin) are not uncommon and pose particular risks to veterinary patients. The unwillingness of manufacturers to appropriately label bottles with the amounts of these toxic constituents raises the danger to patients and public health.
Before the development of modern pharmaceuticals, botanical-based treatments for veterinary patients were common, as evidenced by veterinary texts of the 19th and early 20th centuries. However, significant differences exist between historical and current use of these products. In the past, herbal products were used as treatment because underlying disease conditions had yet to be identified. Treatment “success” reflected elimination (or spontaneous resolution) of the problem. Because the underlying pathology was either vague or completely unknown, diseases with similar signs could not be differentiated. Veterinarians had few other approaches from which to choose. These factors make it exceedingly difficult to objectively evaluate the true utility of historically used herbal remedies; they also highlight the imprudence of placing undue faith in the prescribing practices of the past to determine treatments today.
Animal-based ingredients such as testes, penis, placenta, and horn found in Chinese “herbal” medicines harbor potential for zoonotic disease transmission. In addition to health concerns, animal-derived products in Chinese herbs contribute significantly to animal mistreatment and the endangerment of certain species. The unknown benefits of most mammal or insect ingredients currently do not appear to justify administering these agents to veterinary patients.
Poisoning from Human Over-the-Counter Drugs
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Shocking 'inedible' cottage pie and mushy peas dinner served to hospital patient
The shameful meal was served at Glasgow's Queen Elizabeth Hospital, which has said is investigating the incident
Sofia Petkar
This was apparently served up to a hospital patient (Image: Deadline News)
Shocking pictures have emerged showing a hospital patient in Glasgow served an 'inedible' meal of cottage pie and mushy peas.
The stomach-turning images show the cottage pie appearing to have been burnt while the mushy peas resemble a burger-shaped solid mass.
The images were posted online by Paul Wardrop, who claimed the meal had been served to his uncle Thomas at Glasgow’s Queen Elizabeth Hospital.
Describing the horrific food as a “f** joke”, he said he would sooner eat "dog s***" than consume it.
The peas had turned into a patty-shaped mass that could be picked up whole (Image: Deadline News)
NHS staff take 4 MILLION days off with stress as cuts and Brexit fears take toll
Captioning the images, Paul wrote: “This what my uncle Thomas got for his dinner tonight in the Queen Elizabeth Hospital.
“It’s meant to be cottage pie in peas in potatoes - f** joke.
“I would not give an animal that because it probably wouldn’t eat it
“How can you put that out for someone? You just couldn't give someone something that terrible.
"I’m taking this on. I want answers - how could you even try and eat that?
“I would eat dog s*** before that, but I would probably just do without."
Paul added: “The second picture is meant to be peas. Aye right! Am going to take them to the ground.”
In the images, the meal is seen in a black plastic dish with Paul being able to pick up the dark green mushy peas with one hand.
Instead of having a smoother texture, the peas appear to be hard and have gone into an oval shape.
The potato in the cottage pie appears to have sunk into the mince, which appears to have overcooked to the point where it has solidified.
Social media was immediately flooded with outrage, with Marie Connolly branding it “disgusting and shameful.”
A spokesman for the hospital said they were investigating the matter (Image: PA)
Anger as man stricken with lung disease told he has just days to live - by a robot
Rebecca Imlach said: “Feed it to the catering staff and see how they like it. No excuses whatsoever!”
Shelley Mccoll commented: S***e looks frozen. No wonder everyone ends up ill as soon as they go in there!”
Narelle Grimes said: “Expose the b**s.”
Jackie Smith said: “That is disgusting, bet prisoners get better food.”
Tracy Arkley commented: “That hospital is a f** joke.”
Debbie Connor said: “Omg food always looked fine when my son was there for four months. That's no right man.”
Margaret McKinlay commented: “Revolting.”
It is not the first time that food at Scotland’s hospitals has been slammed for being unfit for consumption.
In January, an MSP shared a picture of an omelette meal one of his constituents was served at the Royal Infirmary in Edinburgh, described as being “unsuitable for dogs.”
The QEU hospital, where the horrendous cottage pie meal was served, is also currently under fire following the death of a 10-year-old boy in December.
The child allegedly died after contracting an infection linked to pigeon droppings.
An inspection into the hospital’s cleanliness standards has also raised multiple concerns.
NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde have said they are investigating this incident.
Tom Steele, Director of Facilities and Estates, said: “We apologise unreservedly for the unacceptable standard of meal provision served to this patient. This is being thoroughly investigated.
“We know how important a nutritious diet is to our patients and we listen to the feedback from our patients regarding the quality of our catering services and use this information to continually improve satisfaction levels.”
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Plan for vast Canary Wharf private rented scheme
London property investor Criterion Capital has set out plans to build the country’s largest private rental scheme in East London.
The proposals will see four office blocks cleared at the East India Dock Estate to make way for 1,500 new private rental homes in buildings of between 8 and 38 storeys.
The PRS scheme at the 8 acre estate at the northern gateway to Canary Wharf will also provide new cafés, shops, a gym and new parkland, as well as space for small and start-up businesses.
The present estate (above) of Anchorage House, Capstan House, Lighterman House and Mulberry Place will be redeveloped.
The buildings will be delivered over a number of phases, with Mulberry Place continuing to operate as Tower Hamlets town hall until its relocation to Whitechapel in 2020.
Michael Hughes, head of development at Criterion Capital, said, “This scheme represents the antidote to the ‘lock and leave’ culture evident in so many of the capital’s residential developments, which does nothing to alleviate housing shortfalls.
“With our proposals, we aim to achieve a size and scale of PRS development that not only makes a material contribution to London’s housing stock, but also creates a thriving and sustainable community.”
With some 2,000 units currently in planning and design stages and a pipeline of around 5,000 units for delivery by 2020, Criterion has established itself as one of the most active operators in the PRS sector.
East India Dock represents Criterion’s largest PRS investment to date and joins projects such as Croydon’s Delta Point and the former Ford HQ in Basildon.
Local residents can have their say on the proposals at a public consultation exhibition next week prior to plan being submitted to the London council later this autumn.
Aaron Morby | Mon 8th September | Construction Enquirer
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HTC Volantis tablet with 8.9 inch display may have 5 GB of RAM
By Jonathan Pereira On Jul 3, 2014 Last updated Jul 3, 2014
In what may come as a pleasant surprise to the specs lovers, the upcoming Nexus 9 may have a whopping 5 GB of RAM. Doesn’t that sound a bit too much already?
According to trusted sources, the HTC Volantis which is supposedly the Nexus 9 tablet would probably feature 5 GB of RAM. However, it might be changed at a later stage. Further the tablet is said to have display resolution of 2560 x 1600 along with an 8 MP rear camera. We can expect a unique design with a silver aluminium unibody.
Interestingly, the HTC Volantis runs on a mysterious Android Silver OS Alpha 1.4, thus raising doubts about its relation with the much rumoured Android Silver program. While we were expecting the Nexus and Android Silver program to run parallel, they seem to be mutually supported. Reports suggest that the tablet could be available in the ending quarter of 2014.
Samsung Galaxy K Zoom now available for pre-order on Amazon India for Rs. 29999
5 Samsung smartphones to get KitKat update in this month
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Delta jet dumps fuel over Calif. school before emergency landing, injuring kids, staff
Chris Woodyard / USA TODAY
LOS ANGELES — Fire crews treated 23 students and adults after a jetliner about to make an emergency landing at Los Angeles International Airport dumped fuel over an elementary school.
The 17 students and six staffers at Park Avenue Elementary School in Cudahy, a small community southeast of Los Angeles, reported irritation to their skin and eyes, firefighters said. Though the incident triggered a massive response of fire engines, hazardous materials trucks and ambulances, none of the injuries were considered serious to require transport to a hospital.
The twin-engine Delta Air Lines jetliner landed without incident.
"Everyone is going through decon," Los Angeles County Fire Inspector Sky Cornell told KTLA-TV, referring to decontamination. "We do have constant monitoring going on right now."
The school is beneath the flight path for aircraft on approach to LAX. Images posted to social media show the plane spraying fuel from both of its wings from a low altitude. Aircraft returning to airports after takeoff often need to dump fuel in order to reduce their weight to ensure a safe landing.
Usually, the procedure takes place off the coast, far from populated areas. This time, however, the neighborhood was pungent with the smell of fuel, it was reported.
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Baltimore Ransomware Attack: RobbinHood Malware Recovery Continues
Baltimore ransomware recovery & investigation continues, Baltimore Mayor Bernard ("Jack") Young says. FBI investigates multiple RobbinHood malware attacks.
by D. Howard Kass • May 10, 2019
The city of Baltimore was hit with a “very aggressive” new variant of the RobbinHood ransomware on Tuesday, May 8, the second time in 14 months it has been hobbled by cyber extortionists. MSSP Alert initially reported on the attack on Tuesday, May 7.
New Baltimore Mayor Bernard (“Jack”) Young
MSSP Alert is trying to determine (a) if Baltimore leveraged MSSPs ahead of the attack and (b) whether the city has hired MSSP-type partners to assist the recovery, cleanup and investigation.
Some city departments, including the police, inspector general’s office, and the city’s departments of transportation and public works reported problems with email and phone systems. While the attack didn’t affect the city’s police, fire or emergency services it did prompt officials to temporarily suspend public works customer support, billing for its parks department, overdue water bills along with some other minor services, according to reports.
Most of the city’s servers have been shut down as a precautionary measure, city officials said, to impede the virus’ spread. As of Wednesday afternoon, all city workers were back on the job although the city’s email server and some of its phone service remained offline.
Baltimore City Ransomware Attack: Hacker Demands
The hackers demanded 13 Bitcoin, or nearly $80,000, to restore encrypted systems. City officials have thus far refused to pay the ransom. No personal data has been involved in the hijack, said Baltimore City Council President Brandon Scott in a statement Tuesday night. “As of now, we have no proof that any personal data has left the system,” he said.
In a press conference, newly appointed Baltimore Mayor Bernard Young said he didn’t know how long the affected systems would be down nor did he specify how the malware had entered the city’s network. “There is a backup system with the IT department,” he said, “but we can’t just go and restore because we don’t know how far back the virus goes. So I don’t want people to think that Baltimore doesn’t have a backup.” For the time being, city workers will have to perform tasks manually, Young said. (via the Baltimore Sun)
LinkedIn: Baltimore CIO Frank Johnson
City Chief Information Officer Frank Johnson said the city’s security infrastructure has received numerous “clean bills of health. We have a very good capability. Unfortunately, it’s a race between bad actors and the cyber security industry.”
In March, 2018, Baltimore’s 911 and 311 systems were hijacked when hackers exploited the city’s network firewall in a maintenance upgrade.
“I don’t care what kind of systems you put in place, they always can find a way to infect your system,” Young said. “I know we’re going to do all we can to solve this issue and put up other protections.”
In the meantime, if anyone wants to reach the city, “the best way to do it is to pick up the plain, old telephone and give us a call,” said Johnson.
RobbinHood Ransomware Attacks: FBI Investigation
Federal investigators are working with local FBI agents to cross check the Baltimore Robbinhood attack against similar hijacks, the Baltimore Sun reported. The city of Greenville, North Carolina, reported last month that it had been infected by a variant of the Robbinhood ransomware.
Update: May 9, 6 pm ET (via Baltimore Sun)
Here’s a partial list of what’s working and what’s not in Baltimore city government following the RobbinHood ransomware attack:
311 services: Call center operators using laptops not connected to the city’s network.
Baltimore City Council: City government emails and voicemail down.
Baltimore Police Department: 911 services working. Baltimore police email not working.
Board of Elections: Emails and website down.
Department of Public Works: Customer support and services down.
Recreation and Parks: Services such as online payment, permits, program registration and service requests unavailable.
Baltimore City State’s Attorney’s Office: Employees working offline.
Legislative Reference: Email down, no access to computers.
Archives and Records Management: No email access.
Office of Sustainability: No emails or voicemails.
Department of Transportation: Access to parking fines database disabled.
Office of Promotion and the Arts: No internet or email but website running as normal.
Office of the Inspector General: Hotline calls accepted.
Malware and Ransomware Attacks Target Cities, Government Infrastructure
In the past year, a growing number of ransomware and malware attacks have hit municipal IT operations, government and transportation systems in recent months, including:
April 2019: Cleveland Hopkins International Airport suffered a ransomware attack.
April 2019: Augusta, Maine, suffered a highly targeted malware attack that froze the city’s entire network and forced the city center to close.
April 2019: Hackers stole roughly $498,000 from the city of Tallahassee, Florida’s employee payroll system.
March 2019: Albany, New York, suffered a ransomware attack.
March 2019: Jackson County, Georgia officials paid cybercriminals $400,000 after a cyberattack shut down the county’s computer systems.
March 2018: Atlanta, Georgia suffered a major ransomware attack.
February 2018: Colorado Department of Transportation (CDOT) employee computers temporarily were shut down due to a SamSam ransomware virus cyberattack.
Ransomware News, Analysis and Research
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CBSE Class-12 keyboard_arrow_right
Chemistry keyboard_arrow_right
Solutions keyboard_arrow_right
Solubility Of A Solid In Liquid
Solubility is defined as the maximum amount of solute that can be dissolved in a specified amount of solvent at a specific temperature.
Solubility is the interaction between particles of the solute and the solvent. Hence, it depends on the nature of the solute and the solvent, as well as on the temperature and pressure. But the solubility of solids in liquids is independent of pressure.
Solubility of solids in liquids:
The solubility of solids in liquids depends upon two factors,
Nature of the solute and solvent
Nature of the solute and solvent:
In general "like dissolves like". Thus, a polar solute dissolves in a polar solvent and a non-polar solute dissolves in a non-polar solvent.
Therefore, polar (or) ionic molecules like sugar and sodium chloride dissolve in water molecules, which are polar, while non-polar molecules like naphthalene and anthracene dissolve in solvents like benzene and carbon tetrachloride, which are non-polar.
The solubility of ionic compounds is the result of the strong electrostatic interaction between the ions of the solute and the polar molecules of the solvent.
The solubility of non-polar solutes is the result of similar solute-solute, solute-solvent and solvent-solvent interactions.
When a solid solute is added to a solvent, its concentration in the solution increases. This process is known as dissolution.
On continuous addition of the solute, there will come a state where no more of the solute can be dissolved in the solvent at a given temperature Such a solution, is called a saturated solution.
A state of dynamic equilibrium is reached between the solute particles going into the solution and the solute particles separating out. The concentration of the solute in such a solution is its solubility.
If any more solute is added to a saturated solution, it gets separated out, and process is called precipitation.
A solution in which more solute can be dissolved at a specific temperature is called an unsaturated solution.
Solubility of a solute also depends on temperature:
Heat is required to break the bonds holding the molecules in the solid together. At the same time, heat is given off during the formation of new solute-solvent bonds.
If the heat liberated in the dissolving process is greater than the heat required to break the solid apart, the net dissolving reaction is exothermic in nature.
As per Le-Chatlier's principle, for an exothermic dissolution process, an increase in temperature inhibits the dissolving reaction, since excess heat is already being produced by the reaction.
If the heat given off in the dissolving reaction is less than the heat required to break the solid apart, the net dissolving reaction is endothermic.
As per Le-Chatlier's principle, for an endothermic dissolution reaction, more heat facilitates the dissolving reaction by providing energy to break the bonds in the solid.
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a solution containing 34.2 gram of canesugar dissolved in 500 cm3 of water froze at -0.374degree celcius calculate the freezing point depression constant of water?
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Network Effects Predict the Future of Facebook
by James Currier, NFX
We don’t think most people really understand Facebook yet.
The recent round of negative press seems to indicate a surface-level understanding of the company. It’s important to look beneath the surface and examine the underlying laws of nature and physics that make Facebook tick.
In short, Facebook stands alone in the depth and variety of network effects they’ve built, even though most go undetected. As a result, their defensibility is unparalleled.
The network effect visible to most is many-to-many personal direct nfx. This is the core of what enabled Facebook to build a completely new type of media company. However, there’s more to it than meets the eye.
To date, we’ve actually identified that Facebook has built no less than six of the thirteen known network effects to create defensibility and value, like a castle with six concentric layers of walls. Facebook’s walls grow higher all the time, and on top of them Facebook has fortified itself with all three of the other known defensibilities in the internet age: brand, scale, and embedding.
Facebook represents a completely new type of media company. All media companies that came before — newspaper, radio, and television companies — were one-to-many, two-sided marketplaces with much weaker network effects. They were also less capable of building more network effects and other forms of defensibility on top of their existing products.
Simply put, we don’t believe the world has ever seen a network effect media company that equals Facebook’s defensibility and size. And it’s clear that both Facebook leadership and the rest of the world are just beginning to grapple with what that might mean for society.
Threats to Facebook do exist, in particular, government regulation and negative network effects. But it’s unclear whether they are serious enough to reverse Facebook’s mounting dominance.
Let’s break it down.
Personal Direct: network effect #1
When Mark Zuckerberg launched Facebook (a version of Friendster for the college crowd using real-name identity) from a Harvard dorm room in 2004, he unleashed a powerful many-to-many personal direct network effect. Like LinkedIn, which launched 2 years before it, Facebook tapped into people’s strong innate drive to maintain and project their personal reputation, identity, and network of friends and acquaintances. The more people used Facebook, the more valuable the network became for each person using it — and the less they would be willing to defect to another network where they would have to create a new friend graph from scratch.
Bandwagon: network effect #2
As Facebook spread through the North American university system, they picked up a bandwagon network effect, which is characterized by people’s fear of being left out. This in-group dynamic makes Facebook even more psychologically valuable to people and makes it less likely they would use another network.
Adding all 3 of the other defensibilities
Scale defensibility
Propelled forward in these early days by two powerful network effects, Facebook was able to start capturing another defensibility: Scale. While not a network effect, the scale effects that Facebook acquired made them more appealing, especially compared to potential competitors like InCircle at Stanford. This also served to enhance Facebook’s existing network effect defensibilities.
Brand defensibility
Soon, Facebook’s growing scale and phenomenal user engagement began to attract serious media attention. In 2005 and 2006 they were covered in major newspapers like the New York Times and the Wall Street Journal. Facebook quickly became a recognizable character in the cultural landscape, one with a myth-like origin story in a Harvard dorm room and a self-proclaimed manifest destiny to “make the world more open and connected.” As this narrative spread, it fueled their brand defensibility and helped set them further apart from their competitors such as MySpace.
Embedding defensibility
After attracting tens of millions users who had signed up to Facebook using their real names, Facebook grabbed the next defensibility, embedding, by launching “Facebook Connect” in 2008. This tool let millions of websites install code which allowed users to sign in to their sites with their Facebook logins. Facebook Connect was predicated on the idea that people were more likely to trust the Facebook brand than that of a smaller, lesser-known third-party service — and were more likely to sign up if they didn’t have to register yet another username and password.
It worked. Your Facebook login no longer just represented access to Facebook, it now also provided access to your WSJ subscription, your Spotify account, Etsy, FitBit, Yelp, and countless other widely-used sites and apps.
The login tool proved to be a win-win for both Facebook and the sites that implemented it. Third-party sites benefited because it lowered friction in their user onboarding experience, and Facebook benefited by embedding itself throughout the Internet ecosystem, building yet another web of defensibility.
Network effects as a strategy
Three years after launching Facebook, Zuckerberg seems to have had studied his own success and began to understand what drove it, saying in 2007 that
“I think that network effects shouldn’t be underestimated with what we do.” – Mark Zuckerberg, 2007
At this point, he and the Facebook team began adding network effect defensibilities, one by one, on top of their existing ones.
2-Sided Platform: network effect #3
Zuckerberg’s next move was to take a page from one of Silicon Valley’s most successful network effects companies — Microsoft and their platform network effect. It works by allowing software developers to publish on top of Microsoft’s software platform to reach the many users of the Microsoft operating system.
Facebook emulated Microsoft by launching Facebook Platform in 2007, which invited developers to build their Web applications on Facebook’s social graph and user data.
The Facebook Platform had millions of developers building apps on it, and along with iOS, underpinned the Cambrian explosion of consumer software innovation and experimentation that started in 2008.
Facebook’s platform push didn’t last for a few reasons:
The apps tended mostly to be games
Many apps were highly manipulative of users which ended up conflicting with Facebook’s own goals for its product.
Compared to other two-sided platforms like Android, iOS, and Windows, the Facebook Platform wasn’t tied to any hardware devices. Users weren’t forced to use it to operate their latest tech gadget, weakening the demand side of the platform.
Despite not being particularly active today, the Facebook Platform was a strong attempt to garner a powerful two-sided network effect. It’s a great example of the experimental culture that, along with its network effects, makes Facebook so formidable.
2-Sided Marketplace: network effect #4
At the same time as the Facebook Platform, Facebook was also launching their self-serve ad platform, giving them access to a two-sided media marketplace network effect. The two sides of this marketplace consist of Facebook users (supply side) and advertisers (demand side). Just as Google and Craigslist found before them, the launch of Facebook’s self-serve advertising became a significant competitive advantage to attract the demand side and keep them coming back. Facebook now accounts for nearly a quarter of all online advertising revenue in the US.
Data: network effect #5
As Facebook grew and time spent on site expanded to its current average of about 41 minutes per day, Facebook evolved three different data network effects that make them even harder to compete with:
Breadth of content inventory: As Facebook usage grew, users added more content (data) for Facebook to show to other users in the News Feed. This meant that the Facebook algorithm had more choices in curating users’ content feeds, increasing the product’s value to each user.
Engagement data: the more people liked and commented on their friends’ posts, the more valuable posts became. Engagements from friends added to the value of information contained in each piece of content.
Real-time behavioral data: Once Facebook user activity crossed a certain threshold, Facebook could start using behavior signals in real time to determine what users valued at any minute. That real-time data network effect is powerful and rare, a bit like Waze’s, where the data needs to be refreshed every minute to be valuable.
Personal utility: network effect #6
With the launch of Facebook messenger in 2011, Facebook went after yet another network effect — personal utility. Messenger originally began as a real-time chat feature inside the Facebook product before emerging as a new interface and a network unto itself.
Facebook didn’t give Facebook Messenger a significant amount of attention until perhaps 2013, when leadership took notice of WhatsApp and their personal utility network effect. To keep WhatsApp from getting past them, Facebook was willing to pay whatever it took — in this case $19 billion — which amounted to the biggest acquisition in Facebook’s history by far.
Noticing WhatsApp’s similarity to the Facebook Messenger interface, Facebook decided to double down on its own native personal utility network. They invested heavily to get the best people in the business to come run Facebook Messenger. This included NFX co-founder and advisor, Stan Chudnovsky, as well as NFX investor David Marcus, who was CEO of PayPal (a company with 14,000 employees) when Facebook recruited him to be the Product Leader for Messenger. Under Stan and David’s stewardship, Facebook Messenger has grown from 100 million to 1.3 billion users in 3 years, cementing Facebook’s personal utility network effect.
The strategy Facebook has employed with Messenger — seeding and growing a second network effect business on top of an existing one — is one that has worked multiple times for Facebook in the past. We can expect it will continue to work.
Two-sided marketplace: network effect #4 (again)
In 2016, Facebook re-launched Facebook Marketplace, an online classifieds feature which they had tried unsuccessfully several times before. This time it seems to have gained some real traction, with more than 700 million monthly active users as of March 2018.
Craigslist, which is the marketplace Facebook is seeking to displace, is one of the oldest and most successful examples of an online two-sided marketplace. Founded in 1995, Craiglist was credited with killing newspaper’s most lucrative revenue stream, classifieds, by putting them online for free at Craigslist.org. Now Craigslist’s 23-year-old network effect is itself in danger of displacement by Facebook.
This is because Facebook has access to a much larger network of users who visit facebook.com with far greater regularity than Craigslist users visit their website. Facebook users also use real-name identities, which facilitates greater trust in transactions than anonymous Craigslist with its notoriously common scams. Ownership of classifieds would give them a second two-sided marketplace network effect and would further bolster Facebook’s defensibility.
Facebook’s future moves
As we’ve seen, Facebook can use its network effects, scale, brand, and embedding to launch other products to grab even more network effect businesses.
If we were them, reviewing their current assets and the list of the 13 network effects, we would be looking at:
Payments. PayPal has a powerful direct network effect going with their payments network ($90 billion market cap), and Facebook could build something similar with their traffic and reach. Apple is trying to do the same with Apple Pay, as is Amazon with Prime.
Giving Facebook Platform a second try. Facebook tried this first between 2007 and 2015, then essentially deprecated it. Facebook has been good at trying important network effect products repeatedly until they succeed, so they shouldn’t let their past failure deter them (they tried both Facebook Groups and Facebook Marketplace four times before they caught on). It’s still a good idea.
Revamping identity management. Currently, we can log into millions of websites using our Facebook credentials. But other than that, the Facebook Identity system doesn’t do much. Facebook could cover a lot more territory if they turn the whole Internet into their own private mare nostrum, with Facebook at the center.
Building a marketplace for SMB’s on top of Facebook pages. There are something like 70 million small businesses currently using Facebook pages, but they haven’t been given much to do other than collect likes. Where is the SMB network?
Blockchain. Inherently, Blockchain technology uses network effects to create value. Telegram recently ICO’d with only 100M users on a mobile app. We expect more existing networks to issue tokens and to build out blockchain ecosystems. Facebook would be uniquely positioned to deploy something Ethereum-like here. Giving developers access to the billions of Facebook users would be good incentive to use Facebook blockchain as basis for their applications.
Maintaining an aggressive acquisition strategy. Continue to acquire any network effect business that tries to get past them like Snapchat did or any business that could potentially lead to another technology platform, like Oculus.
Threats to Facebook
The major threat we see to Facebook is government action on one of three potential fronts.
Privacy. Facebook knows a lot about its users. From the beginning, this has triggered privacy concerns because of their willingness to use and sell user data. With the EU’s new General Data Protection Regulation, the time might be upon us where Facebook will have regulatory headwinds. Even if there isn’t direct action against Facebook, the threat of action could lead Facebook to reduce its use of targeting data, reducing its revenues significantly.
Public health. Research is increasingly measuring the addictive nature of Facebook and other social media, including its potential to induce depression and anxiety. If Facebook gets classified as something like tobacco, that would alter the playing field substantially.
Antitrust. Antitrust action by the DoJ, such as that which Microsoft suffered in the late 1990s, could also significantly hamper Facebook’s momentum. Antitrust enforcement may even force Facebook to divest itself of acquisitions like Instagram and WhatsApp, although the Facebook network and product itself would be difficult to break up. Google was levied a $2.7 billion antitrust fine by the EU last year, and it’s conceivable that a public mood hostile to Facebook could motivate similar fines and penalties for Facebook.
Beyond regulation, another challenge Facebook faces is negative network effects. Negative network effects occur when the growth of a network actually decreases its value to existing users. Road networks are a classic example of networks suffering from negative network effects, since more drivers means more traffic and more pollution.
Facebook has recently begun to experience analogous pollution in its feed. Its algorithm is not always producing a great user experience, being, as it is, under attack by so much content straining to get attention.
Another source of negative network effects is simple pollution of the social graph. As users accumulate years of Facebook friendships, or as parents and work friends join and connect, social graphs becomes polluted with people they may not necessarily want to interact with. These negative network effects motivate a move to tighter or simply different networks — which is likely why teen usage of Instagram and Snapchat exceeds their use of Facebook.
The Power of Network Effects
To see clearly, we should understand the story of Facebook now and in the future as being more about the network mechanics and the physics of its defensibility than it is about temporary public sentiment. Looking beyond the surface, network effects are the core of that story for they are laws of nature.
As we’ve learned while building our own network effect startups, defensibility is the most important thing for Founders to create. Defensibility gives you time, capital and talent to fix things if they’re broken. It gives you room to evolve from a good leader to a great leader. Facebook’s meteoric rise demonstrates the value of network effects, which will be the force that paves their future.
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Coalition of Northern Youth Groups backs Wike saying no Port Harcourt mosque was demolished
September 3rd, 2019 News, Nigerian, Politics comments
GOVERNOR Nyesom Wike of Rivers State has received the backing of the Coalition of Northern Youth Groups who have come to his defence saying that no mosque was demolished in Rivers State and the claim was the handiwork of political opponents.
Last week, it was reported that Governor Wike demolished a mosque in the Trans-Amadi Area of Port Harcourt. However, the governor has since denied the allegation, saying there was no mosque at the site where illegal structures were demolished by environmental officers.
Earlier this week, Governor Wike added that the vice president of the Rivers State Council for Islamic Affairs, Alhaji Nasir Uhor visited the site on Saturday and stated that there was no physical structure of a mosque on the disputed land at Rainbow Town in Port Harcourt. Today, the Coalition of Northern Youth Groups has voiced its support for the governor too, saying that the allegations were falsehoods orchestrated by politicians to fan the furnace of ethnic, religious or regional division just for self-serving and fiendish gains.
Mohammed Sanni, the group’s convener, said from available statistics, the Rivers state governor is more tolerant of other religions than most of those accusing him of intolerance. He added that when news of the demolition of the mosque in Port Harcourt broke, they carried out investigations and found out that the structure being labelled as a mosque was a personal building of an individual who did not obtain necessary permits for his structure.
Mr Sanni said: “The governor of Rivers State Chief Nyesom Wike is a very good friend of the north and a brother to the Muslim community. The recent wild rumour of an alleged demolition of a mosque located at Trans Amadi Road, GRA, Rivers State is not only false and misleading but intended to draw religious ire, stir political tension and widen the chasm of national division, which rather requires healing and bonding at this point in time.
“It should be noted that we immediately swung into action on hearing the disturbing news and have conducted an on-the-spot visit to the said location and our findings are very contrary to the falsehood being peddled. A diligent assessment of the location showed that even though structures were demolished around that area, none of such structures was or is a mosque building.
“On further interaction with residents and the Muslim community in the area, we gathered that the said location being labelled as a mosque belongs to an individual who was building his personal structure without government approval. The said fellow had gone ahead to erect a foundation on the site ostensibly to wade off government action, he thereafter proceeded to unilaterally label the location as a mosque.”
He added that available statistics on religious tolerance show that Governor Wike is far ahead of others and as such he should not be painted black before his northern brothers and sisters. According to Mr Sanni, Governor Wike’s policies are friendly and his administration operate an open door policy irrespective of your region and religion.
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Assistant prosecutor charged with DWI suspended from job
By Kevin Shea | For NJ.com
HAMILTON -- Stephen Parrey, an assistant Mercer County prosecutor and son of Trenton's police director, was suspended without pay from his job Monday following his drunken driving arrest this past weekend.
Stephen Parrey, LinkedIn
Casey DeBlasio, the prosecutor's office spokeswoman, said the suspension is indefinite.
Also Monday, Hamilton police issued more information about the incident, saying Parrey was arrested following a crash this past Friday night.
The police department released additional details following an internal affairs investigation into the incident.
The department did not say why the incident was subject to an internal affairs investigation, but that probe has been closed, Hamilton internal affairs unit Lt. John Feltes said.
Parrey, 28, who lives in the township, was involved in a collision on Whitehorse-Mercerville Road near Estates Boulevard at about 7:20 p.m., Feltes said. He was driving a 2005 Acura.
Police found Parrey at fault in the collision and arrested him on the drunken driving charge and related traffic offenses, Feltes said.
Feltes did not identify the other drivers, but said no injuries were reported.
On Friday afternoon, hours before his arrest, the prosecutor's office held their annual office picnic, which Parrey attended, attendees said.
The picnic, an annual event for 30 years for prosecutor's office employees and their families, was held at Rosedale Park in Hopewell Township.
DeBlasio said there was a permit for the picnic, beer and sangria were served, and the event was paid for completely by the attendees. It ended at about 4:30 p.m.
Parrey joined the Mercer County Prosecutor's Office as a legal assistant in June 2015 and was sworn in as an assistant prosecutor last December.
Trenton Police Director Ernest Parrey, Jr. has publicly pledged his support for his son and said his son is an adult and will handle the situation himself.
The police director has been in the headlines recently, for pulling over an erratic driver, against state law, and he publicly apologized in July after he was caught on camera using the term "hood rats," at a community event.
Kevin Shea may be reached at kshea@njadvancemedia.com. Follow him on Twitter@kevintshea. Find NJ.com on Facebook.
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Mom who had baby ripped from her set free in N.Y., but still has N.J. criminal charge
By Rebecca Everett | For NJ.com and Joe Brandt | For NJ.com
UPDATE: The Brooklyn Defender Services said Headley was accepted into a diversionary program Wednesday that will see her N.J. charges dismissed if she stays out of trouble.
After seeing the shocking, viral video of a mom fighting police as they ripped her son from her arms during an arrest this past Friday, Brooklyn, New York District Attorney Eric Gonzalez on Tuesday dropped the charges.
Jazmine Headley, 23, whose arrest was recorded and posted online by onlooker Nyashia Ferguson, however, remained in a jail on Rikers Island in New York Tuesday afternoon.
Keeping her locked up is a warrant for her arrest in Mercer County, New Jersey for charges related to an alleged counterfeit credit card manufacturing scheme involving three people, according to authorities and police records.
The Mercer County Prosecutor’s Office asked that she be held in jail until they could pick her up to face the New Jersey charges, but Brooklyn Defender Services filed an emergency application to get her released.
At a hearing Tuesday afternoon, Brooklyn Supreme Court Judge Craig Walker ordered her released on her own recognizance, according to Brooklyn Defender Services.
Headley will now be expected to return to New Jersey on her own Wednesday to address the charges in Mercer County Superior Court, according to the Mercer prosecutor’s office. She has no other criminal record in New Jersey.
So I’m At 275 Bergen Street Handling My Business Or Whatever & There Wasn’t Any More Chairs For This Lady To Sit Down So She Sat In The Corner On The Floor. The Security Guard Came Over Said What Ever She Said To Her & She Made The Security Guard Feel Dumb So She Called The Cops On Her & This Was The Outcome SMH Mind You She Had Her Baby In Her Hands The Whole Time🤦🏽♀️🤦🏽♀️🤦🏽♀️ I'm So Fucking Disgusted with The NYPD😡😡 EVRYBODY PLEASE SHARE!!! I’m a mother myself & I would’ve lost my fucking mind if this was me they would've had to kill me🤬🤬🤬🤬
Posted by Monae Sinclair on Friday, December 7, 2018
On Twitter, Brooklyn Defender Services Senior Staff Attorney and Director of Policy Scott Hechinger said his office was calling for the charges in New Jersey to be dismissed, too. He called them “minor," but a conviction on a third-degree charge in the Garden State could result in a prison sentence of three to five years.
Headley and two alleged conspirators were arrested July 23, 2016 at the Quaker Bridge Mall in Lawrence Township. They were indicted in March of 2017 on two counts of third-degree credit card theft and one count of fourth-degree trafficking in personal identifying information, according to court documents.
One of her co-defendants, Chauncey Sims, 23, shares the same Brooklyn address as her. The other is Elijah K. Simmons, 24, also of Brooklyn.
According to police reports and complaints against the three, a clerk at a Quaker Bridge Mall store called security because a man had tried to buy something with three different credit cards with three different names. Security then observed the man meet up with a man and a woman, the complaint said, and the woman, later identified as Headley, tried to buy something at the T-Mobile Kiosk. The credit card she tried to use was declined.
The three left the mall and police stopped their vehicle on the Princeton Pike. The officer smelled marijuana and searched the car, finding a bag of marijuana and nearly a dozen credit and debit cards that turned out to be fraudulent, the complaint said.
The indictments accuse the three of making 12 counterfeit credit cards “embossed with numbers different than those encoded on their magnetic strips and bearing various different names” and making or possessing a driver’s license in the name of another woman with the intent to commit fraud.
All three were taken into custody, and Headley and Simmons were released with summons to appear in court. Sims, who was wanted out of New York City, was held and extradited to New York, police said.
Up to $15,360. 533 people. 5 hours. Keep this going! Thanks everyone. https://t.co/3azNFoActy
— Scott Hechinger (@ScottHech) December 11, 2018
Court records show that Headley missed two court dates in 2016 and 2017 and was arrested on warrants both times. Her last missed court date was July 17, 2017, and the warrant issued on that date is the reason she was being held in New York this week.
Sims has also failed to appear and is currently wanted on a warrant for these New Jersey charges, court records show. He was arrested on a bench warrant Dec. 5, 2017 and held 21 days as he was extradited to New Jersey for a court date. He appeared then and was released, but then failed to appear for a January date and another warrant issued.
The third co-defendant, Simmons, never missed a court date and was accepted into a pre-trial intervention diversionary program. If he abides by the terms of his probation for three years, the charges will be dismissed, court records show.
Rebecca Everett may be reached at reverett@njadvancemedia.com. Follow her on Twitter @rebeccajeverett. Find NJ.com on Facebook.
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Ensuring the fair treatment of all youth
The National League of Cities supports and informs city leaders and stakeholders in improving public safety and reforming the juvenile justice system to encourage the use of evidence-based practices and ensure the fair treatment of all youth. By identifying proven local practices and translating those into concrete steps cities can take, we work to empower cities to take a more comprehensive role in the national movement to improve the juvenile justice system.
Local law enforcement is usually the first point of contact between a city’s young people and the juvenile justice system. Police officers have multiple opportunities to divert youth away from arrest. City leaders can increase public safety and improve outcomes for young residents by helping police develop objective decision-making tools to divert youth from the system in lieu of arrest for low-level offenses.
Diversion programs, which are often developed by municipal police departments, are systems that allow low-level offenders to avoid criminal charges and convictions. These programs hold youth accountable for offenses while keeping them in school and in their communities and providing access to services that address unmet needs such as mental health services and family support.
City leaders and juvenile justice reformers alike want to create juvenile justice systems that are evidence-based, fair and more effectively hold youth accountable and help them become successful, productive adults. Key principles in this work include:
Ensure Fair Treatment for All Youth
Improve Public Safety Based on Evidence of Effectiveness
Increase Efficiency and Cost-Savings through Rational Reforms
Base Policies on the Developmental Realities of Adolescence
https://www.nlc.org/resource/toward-an-expanded-city-role-supporting-youth-in-the-deep-end-of-the-juvenile-justice
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https://www.nlc.org/resource/alternatives-to-arrest-for-young-people
https://www.nlc.org/resource/increasing-public-safety-and-improving-outcomes-for-youth-through-juvenile-justice-reform
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Roar striker’s advice to those following his NPL footsteps
Brisbane Roar striker Dylan Wenzel-Halls training at Sologinkin Oval in Mackay during the club's pre-season training camp. Photo: Callum Dick
callum dick
DYLAN Wenzel-Halls’ A-League dream came true because he knew the value of hard work.
His was a trailblazing path from local footballer to professional star that many young footballers now hope to emulate.
Turned away by the Brisbane Roar Youth early in his career, the Ipswich-born footballer returned to hometown NPL Queensland club Western Pride determined to prove he belonged at the top level.
What followed was a stunning state league stint at the Pride, which included scoring the winning free kick in the 2017 grand final against Moreton Bay and subsequent team of the season selection.
The following year he was crowned the NPL Queensland’s Golden Boot winner after scoring an incredible 24 goals in just 14 games.
That scoring prowess caught the eye of the Roar, who had previously knocked him back after 19 games and three goals for the Youth team in 2016.
In May 2018 Wenzel-Halls signed once again for the club he grew up idolising – six months later he came off the bench, replacing one of his idols Matt McKay, for his professional debut against Melbourne City.
Even now as he enters his third professional pre-season, the fan-favourite forward still picks the brain of his senior contemporaries at every opportunity.
It’s that attention to detail and constant want to improve that landed Wenzel-Halls his breakthrough A-League chance, but also what is keeping him in the game.
As the 22 year old prepares for Saturday night’s pre-season clash with Magpies Crusaders, the striker shared the details of his rise to the top – and what an opportunity to play against the Roar might mean for those in Mackay hoping to follow in his footsteps.
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“From experience playing against the Roar as an NPL player, it’s like your grand final,” he said.
“Every player wants that opportunity to showcase themselves to a professional football team. The Magpies boys have a big opportunity there to come and give us a really good hitout and really show us what Mackay football is all about and how good they can be and how good they are.”
Magpies Crusaders players Kyren Walters, Willem Lejeune and Marko Milutinovic joined the Roar for a gruelling session at Sologinkin Oval this morning.
Walters in particular shares many similar traits to Wenzel-Halls; pace, power, a knack for finding space and, importantly, a penchant for scoring goals.
“The way I approached it in the NPL was: I’m a striker. To get the attention of the Roar I knew I had to score a bucketload of goals,” Wenzel-Halls explained.
“Ten to 15 goals a season wasn’t enough, because everyone can score 10-15 goals. I knew I had to go above and beyond. Score one, two, then go score a third in a game. Every week keep scoring, doing my extras, work hard, so when you do get the opportunity to train or be involved, you make the most of that.”
And though the end product may be what ultimately landed Wenzel-Halls his place at the Roar it is the rest, he said, that helped him get there.
“A lot of boys … train two or three times a week and want to be a pro. I think if you want to be a pro you have to be training as much as them,” he said.
“So when they’re training four, five, six times a week and you’re training two, three times a week, you’re not going to get any better than they are.
“If I could give any young player any advice it would probably be that. Work hard, obviously enjoy it, but you have to work harder than the people around you.”
Magpies Crusaders forward Kyren Walters under pressure from Dylan Wenzel-Halls during a Brisbane Roar pre-season sessions at Sologinkin Oval in Mackay this morning. Photo: Callum Dick
As Magpies Crusaders prepare to re-enter the NPL Queensland in 2021, Wenzel-Halls said the state league pathway was pivotal to his rise to the top and it should be viewed as such by those starting on that journey.
“It was vital for me. I was released from the Roar Youth team at 18, 19, and I had the NPL as a pathway to go and get my important game time,” he said.
“Fine tune my game, work on things I needed to work on; it gave me a platform to showcase myself and score the goals that I needed to do to get back to that level and show the Roar and A-League what I can do.”
Now that he is there, the third-year striker hopes to take his game to another level this season as the club aims to go “two better” than the elimination final loss to Western United in the 2019-20 campaign.
That means picking the brain of those who blazed the path for him to follow, just as he offers guidance to the ones chasing his shadow.
“For me I’m always working super hard with Scotty Mac (Scott McDonald) and taking feedback from the Gaffa (coach Warren Moon) and the (more experienced) players that have done a lot in the game,” Wenzel-Halls said.
“I need to score more goals, assist more goals and be more influential in general.
“I want to score double digits this year and just be really influential. I think that comes from training and playing regular football. My goal is to play regular football at the Brisbane Roar.”
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In Store Now 5
Trek Precaliber 20 7-Speed Boy's
Precaliber 20 7-speed Boy's is a rugged kids' bike for young adventurers. It has a lightweight frame and quality components like a front suspension fork, 7-speed gearing, and hand brakes that are perfectly sized to better fit small riders. For kids ages 6-8, between 45-52-inches tall. It's right for you if... You love exploring nature on your bike, and want your little adventurer to come along. You're looking for a high-quality kids' bike that's comfortable, durable, and most of all, super fun for your little shredder. The tech you get A strong, lightweight aluminum frame, a simple 7-speed drivetrain that's easy for kids to handle, and a front suspension fork to smooth out bumps on the road and trail. Plus, it has a kickstand, mounts for a rear rack, and a saddle with an integrated handle that can be swapped out for an integrated taillight mount. The final word When you're young, just being outside is an adventure. Precaliber's rugged styling makes it the perfect ride for young explorers. They may pretend to be scaling dangerous mountains or escaping terrible beasts, but with a high-quality build and components, you'll always have peace of mind. Why you'll love it - Intuitive twist shift makes it easy for kids to switch gears when their terrain changes - You can replace the saddle's integrated handle with an integrated light mount to boost visibility on family adventures and solo excursions - Like all Precaliber bikes, the frame is lower so it's easier for kids to stand over and hop on and off - This bike is hand-me-down heaven: it's built to last, so younger siblings can inherit this bike and it'll still feel like new - You shouldn't buy your kid's bike where you buy your cereal—Unlike big box brands, Trek kids' bikes are assembled by people who know bikes
Trek Precaliber 20 7-Speed Girl's
Precaliber 20 7-speed Girl's is a rugged kids' bike for young adventurers. It has a lightweight frame and quality components like a front suspension fork, 7-speed gearing, and hand brakes that are perfectly sized to better fit small riders. For kids ages 6-8, between 45-52-inches tall. It's right for you if... You love exploring nature on your bike, and want your little adventurer to come along. You're looking for a high-quality kids' bike that's comfortable, durable, and most of all, super fun for your little shredder. The tech you get A strong, lightweight aluminum frame, a simple 7-speed drivetrain that's easy for kids to handle, and a front suspension fork to smooth out bumps on the road and trail. Plus, it has a kickstand, mounts for a rear rack, and a saddle with an integrated handle that can be swapped out for an integrated taillight mount. The final word When you're young, just being outside is an adventure. Precaliber's rugged styling makes it the perfect vessel for young explorers. They may pretend to be scaling dangerous mountains or escaping terrible beasts, but with a high-quality build and components, you'll always have peace of mind. Why you'll love it - Intuitive twist shift makes it easy for kids to switch gears when their terrain changes - You can replace the saddle's integrated handle with an integrated light mount to boost visibility on family adventures and solo excursions - This bike is hand-me-down heaven: it's built to last, so younger siblings can inherit this bike and it'll still feel like new - Like all Precaliber bikes, the frame is lower so it's easier for kids to stand over and hop on and off - You shouldn't buy your kid's bike where you buy your cereal—Unlike big box brands, Trek kids' bikes are assembled by people who know bikes
Trek Precaliber 20 Boy's
Precaliber 20 Boy's will have your little rider begging to go out for a pedal on their first real big kid bike. It's a great transition model from training wheels. It has one speed, a coaster brake, and a saddle with an integrated handle that can be swapped out for a light mount. For kids ages 6-8, between 45-52-inches tall. It's right for you if... Your kid is ready to leave training wheels behind, and you want to get them a fun, durable, bike that's simple to use. You don't want to settle for a big box brand, because you know the value of a high-quality bike that will keep your kid confident and in control. The tech you get A lightweight Alpha Silver Aluminum frame, one speed, and a coaster brake. Plus, a kickstand and a saddle with an integrated handle that can be swapped out for an integrated taillight mount. Everything on this bike is built to last, so it'll still feel like new when handed down to younger siblings. The final word This bike is the perfect choice for young riders who want to transition from a little kid bike to a big kid bike, with a simple, quality frame that will keep them upright and smiling while they ride at the park with friends or on the local bike paths with your family. Why you'll love it - One speed is all you need—a simple set-up gives kids confidence and helps them stay in control - Coaster brakes are simple and intuitive for kids to use—they just pedal backwards to stop! - You can replace the saddle's integrated handle with an integrated light mount to boost visibility on family adventures and solo excursions - Like all Precaliber bikes, the frame is lower so it's easier for kids to stand over and hop on and off - You shouldn't buy your kid's bike where you buy your cereal—Unlike big box brands, Trek kids' bikes are assembled by people who know bikes
Trek Roscoe 20
Roscoe 20 is a mid-fat kids' mountain bike designed to build confidence on the trail. It takes cues from the adult Roscoe, but this ride was built from the ground up for kids. 2.8" mid-fat tires, a 1x drivetrain, and a wide-range cassette make Roscoe the ideal bike for little rippers who want to build skills and have a ridiculous amount of fun keeping up with Mom, Dad, or an older sibling. Fit for riders 45-52" tall. The final word Give a kid a Roscoe and you'll make a mountain biker for life. Mid-fat tires and a wealth of kid-specific design details make this bike the perfect introduction to the trail. If your little one is ready to tag along when you hit the singletrack, this is the kid-friendly set-up that's made to build confidence, skills, and a healthy obsession with the world's greatest activity. Why you'll love it - There's no family outing as fun as a trail session, and Roscoe is the ideal kids' bike for building great memories - This isn't a small adult bike—it's built from the ground up for kids, by people who know exactly what works for them and what doesn't - When you're learning to ride, simplicity is best: a 1x8 drivetrain lets kids focus on keeping the rubber side down - The kid-specific frame geometry has a sloping top tube that makes it easier to hop on and off - The rear brake caliper is tucked into the frame to help prevent damage from laying the bike down
Haro Shredder 20
The Haro Shredder represents step-1 on the BMX journey - a capable neighborhood bike with deep roots in the Haro Freestyle back catalog. Reborn from its hey-day 30-years ago, the Shredder is light and versatile - thanks to its 6061 aluminum frame - and available in a variety of frame sizes ranging from 12” to 24”. A carefully selected group of Haro branded components complement a quality package and position the Shredder as a great value vehicle for freedom and fun. For those who want to take their riding to the next level, check out the Haro Destinations range and a series of bikes designed and suited to jumping, skate park riding, and going big in the street.
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Resources/Registration FAQ
Challenger Division
Northridge Little League
Northridge Little League Updates!
Northridge Little League Fans and Families,
First, a Huge Thank You to your Understanding, and Patience, with me, and with the Northridge Little League Board of Directors. 2020 threw all of us a huge curveball! While we never planned a Global Pandemic cancelling our plans for a Spring 2020 Season, we wouldn't let it destroy our League, and baseball for our community, for years to come. Financially, we had to come to the difficult determination that refunding money that had already been spent, was simply not possible. Based on the financial losses that we experienced, and proposed figures for this year, NRLL also cannot afford to credit registration fees for future seasons. I know how hard these times are for everyone, and if you have any financial questions or concerns, you can email me, or reach out to Jacqueline Frees, NRLL Treasurer, at [email protected]
Second, a Huge Thank You to those that participated in the NRLL Summer/Fall Practice Program. This Program was offered at no cost, to all players that had been registered for Spring 2020 Season. Based on Safety Protocols that Northridge Little League Board of Directors developed, in coordination with requirements from Sunrise Recreation and Park District and Sacramento County, NRLL was permitted to hold approximately 300 practices for 14 Groups (Cohorts) of players, between July-November. There were over 2,000 temperatures checked, check-in questions asked and answered, plenty of sanitizing fields and hands, and by feedback received, we were able to provide a lot of socially distanced and safe baseball. Another Huge Thank You, to the Coaches that committed their time and effort to provide this opportunity.
Now, on to the Future! Spring 2021 Registration is now open. All information is available on our website, www.northridgebaseball.com, or on the attached flyer. All Divisions from Tee Ball through Seniors are currently open, as well as the return of our District-Wide Challenger Division! Challenger Division is an adaptive baseball program for individuals with physical and intellectual challenges. If you have any questions regarding how to navigate the website or registration page, please contact Eli Thompson, NRLL Webmaster, at [email protected] If you have any questions about which Division to sign up for, or any School or Residency Boundaries questions, please contact Heidi Crespo or Kari Hill, NRLL Player Agents, at [email protected] While we simply do not know what the future holds, we are all hoping to be able to hold a full season of baseball. We will continue to be bound by Sunrise Recreation and Park District and Sacramento County as to Safety Protocols, but we are confident that we will, to the extent allowed, provide amazing value for your financial investment. Will games start in March? Will it be practices only, to start? Will we have enough players register to have full teams for all Divisions? It's all too soon to tell. But I hope that I have your faith that we will do our very best. It is a very difficult predicament to continue to be in; but I can't think of anything else I'd rather be doing, figuring out what we CAN DO for our kids, for our NRLL baseball, for our community.
Finally, we are still accepting interest for Managers, and we are always accepting Sponsorships. If you are interested, or have a lead for us, please reach out as soon as possible! We will also be sending out more information in December for upcoming events. Thank you always, for your support of Northridge Little League. You can also keep up with upcoming events on Facebook, at Northridge Little League - Citrus Heights (www.facebook.com/NRLL.citrusheights/).
Yours in Baseball Everyday,
Kathleen Dippert
NRLL President
Northridge Little League - Brooktree Park: 6950 Brayton Ave, Citrus Heights, CA 95621
Mailing Address: PO Box 43
Copyright © 2021 Northridge Little League | Privacy Statement | Terms Of Use | License Agreement | Children's Privacy Policy Login
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NS Medical Devices is using cookies
Lasers & Photonics
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Home » News » Clear Guide ONE obtains CE mark approval
Clear Guide ONE obtains CE mark approval
By MDBR Staff Writer 24 Apr 2015
US-based Clear Guide Medical has received CE mark approval for its Clear Guide ONE, allowing the firm to sell the medical device in European Union’s 28 member states, as well as Iceland, Norway, Liechtenstein, Switzerland and Turkey.
By using computer-assisted image guidance (CAIG), the Clear Guide ONE will allow clinical personnel to see the needle or catheter path on the ultrasound display before entering the patient body.
Clear Guide Medical regulatory affairs and quality system director Jack Kent said: "This certification will open global commercialization opportunities in other regions that leverage the CE Mark as a basis for regulatory review.
"We are currently seeking marketing authorizations in Australia and New Zealand, and we expect to expand to other countries and regions as soon as possible."
According to the company, the Clear Guide ONE is intended for use in procedures where ultrasound is currently used for visualization and can be attached to most commercially available ultrasound systems.
The Clear Guide ONE also received approval from the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for sale in the US, as well as obtained the Health Canada Medical Device Licence.
Currently, clinical studies are underway to measure the performance improvements of clinicians using the Clear Guide ONE.
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History at NTU
History and heritage is a route to your future. Challenge your digital literacy, analytical, interpretive and communication skills to open up limitless professional possibilities.
By studying history you’ll explore diverse cultures, nations and ideas to build genuine insight and credentials as a sociocultural commentator. Apply your theoretical skills through company projects, volunteering and placements with our partner organisations. Our teaching staff are experts in the field of history and heritage, with significant industry and research experience to support your studies.
Courses are designed to help you pursue a successful career in related sectors such as museum, heritage, archaeology, archive, conservation, teaching and academia. It’s also a discipline that’s equally valued in a range of non-heritage sectors – including management, business, accountancy, publishing and law.
And if you want to specialise at Masters level you can create your own learning pathway. We can guide your research interests across the Crusades and Crusaders, early modern religions and cultures, race and lynching, memory, genocide, the Holocaust, or social history. Our creative, practice-based courses for museum and heritage develop your skills for people, places and experience, objects and collections, ideal for careers as exhibition museum curators, educators, and visitor service managers.
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-- Please select -- History - MA Holocaust and Genocide (by Research) - MA Museum and Heritage Development - MA / PGCert / PGDip
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Home Clinical Topics New minimally invasive technique treats acute DVT
New minimally invasive technique treats acute DVT
In 2003, NBC correspondent David Bloom died from a pulmonary embolism (PE) after spending many hours immobile in an armored personnel carrier while covering the Iraq war. His widow has since led a nationwide education campaign to make the public aware that PEs stemming from deep vein thrombosis (DVT) are the leading cause of preventable deaths in U.S. hospitals, killing an estimated 300,000 Americans each year.
Healthcare professionals have long known DVT is a significant threat to bedridden patients. Research shows patients who are recovering from joint replacement surgery or undergoing cancer treatment are particularly vulnerable because they may be relatively immobile for long periods. Yet recent studies in the United Kingdom (UK) found a higher-than-expected DVT risk in far less stationary populations—active teenagers with recent injuries, prostate cancer patients, and even top-class athletes.
Recognizing a developing DVT can be a challenge for medical professionals unfamiliar with the syndrome. In hospital settings, the vast majority of cases are first recognized by nurses—commonly in emergency departments and on surgical and oncology wards. Nurses’ close daily contact with patients makes it easier for them to rapidly detect signs and symptoms of a developing thrombus—swelling of an extremity and soreness or a burning sensation that may quickly evolve into severe pain. More often than not, a nurse is the one who first alerts the attending physician (and the patient) to the possibility of an incipient DVT.
Limitations of anticoagulants
Clinical examination and ultrasound confirm the diagnosis of DVT. The standard first step in DVT treatment—systemic anticoagulation using such drugs as heparin or warfarin—is based on 2008 guidelines from the American College of Chest Physicians (AACP).
But while systemic anticoagulants alone can prevent a clot from breaking loose and becoming a pulmonary embolism, they generally don’t relieve DVT symptoms. Nor do they remove the clot, so the vein remains blocked and the limb may continue to be swollen and painful. What’s more, post-thrombotic syndrome (PTS) may develop. (See the box below.)
What is post-thrombotic syndrome?
Over several months, up to 60% of patients who receive anticoagulant drugs to treat deep vein thrombosis develop a series of complications known collectively as post-thrombotic syndrome (PTS). Signs and symptoms include venous reflux, significant leg pain and swelling, varicose veins, and even venous-stasis skin ulcers. In extreme cases, a rare complication known as phlegmasia arises, which may impair blood flow and eventually cause venous gangrene and necessitate limb amputation. Diagnosed and categorized with a tool called the Villalta PTS scale, PTS can occur in patients of any age and may prevent even young, previously active people from returning to the workforce and leading normal lives.
Thrombolysis: Attacking the clot directly
In acute DVT, marked by signs and symptoms less than 14 days old, a preferred alternative to anticoagulants is to attack the clot directly through the occluded vein using a minimally invasive technique called catheter-directed thrombolysis. A catheter delivers the clot-busting thrombolytic known as tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) directly to the DVT. Thrombolysis is effective and endorsed by ACCP guidelines. But it takes hours or days to achieve optimal results and carries a significant risk of bleeding complications, which may necessitate a prolonged stay in an intensive care unit.
In open surgical thrombectomy, the thrombus is removed surgically. However, this procedure isn’t widely accepted in the U.S. medical community and has dubious value because of difficulty clearing all clot material from the vein. It also has an unacceptably high DVT recurrence rate in the same location.
A new approach: Pharmacomechanical thrombectomy
New medical technology is providing a fast, safe, and highly effective means of DVT removal using a minimally invasive procedure called pharmacomechanical thrombectomy (PMT). Using local anesthesia, the physician introduces a catheter-guided device into the occluded vein, where it delivers tPA directly to the thrombus, and mechanically fragments and aspirates the clot material to allow blood flow through the vessel to resume. PMT usually can be completed in 2 hours or less. With circulation restored, the patient almost immediately feels comfortable again. (See the box below for information on PMT devices.)
PMT devices
The two main devices available for performing pharmacomechanical thrombectomy (PMT) are the Trellis (made by Covidien) and the Possis AngioJet (made by Medrad). Each uses a slightly different approach. The Trellis isolates the thrombosed vein segment with inflatable balloons to limit embolization risk, and then fragments the clot by delivering a lytic agent through an oscillating wire. Thrombus fragments are vacuumed out through an aspiration port; the balloons are deflated and circulation is restored. The Possis AngioJet fragments and aspirates the clot with a jet of fluid agent. Both devices have produced excellent results.
Before PMT, clotting factors must be drawn to detect preexisting clotting conditions. The preoperative workup also includes venous duplex ultrasound imaging and a computed tomography scan of the chest, abdomen, and pelvis. After the procedure, the patient must be monitored for hematoma and bleeding at the catheter entry site, along with signs and symptoms of pulmonary embolism, intracranial bleeding, GI bleeding, and bleeding from orifices and I.V. sites. Patients with a recent history of GI or intracranial bleeding aren’t eligible for PMT.
Patients receive anticoagulant therapy both before PMT (usually via a heparin I.V. drip) and afterward (via oral warfarin). In those with a major reversible risk factor (for instance, if DVT developed after surgery or lengthy immobilization), warfarin usually is stopped after 3 months. Otherwise, anticoagulation typically continues for 6 to 9 months. Most patients with clotting disorders, such as antithrombin II deficiency, require lifelong anticoagulation therapy. For patients with unexplained DVTs, indefinite anticoagulant therapy generally is recommended and may need to continue lifelong.
Most patients are discharged the day after PMT with graduated compression stockings, which they should wear as long as swelling persists. Usually, patients recover quickly and completely, with return of full venous and valve function, no DVT recurrence, and no PTS symptoms. ACCP guidelines now recognize PMT as the preferred approach for acute DVT removal if the appropriate expertise is available locally.
PMT isn’t a universal solution to DVT. For one thing, the expertise required isn’t available in many areas. Also, the Possis AngioJet and the Trellis aren’t always successful in treating chronic DVT, and patients with a limited life expectancy or a high bleeding risk aren’t eligible. PMT isn’t appropriate for patients with recent major trauma, surgery, GI hemorrhage, obstetric delivery, coagulation disorders, or severe hepatic disease.
We currently are involved in a nationwide study of acute DVT treatment called the ATTRACT Trial (Acute Venous Thrombosis: Thrombus Removal with Adjunctive Catheter-Directed Thrombolysis). The study focuses on patients with newly developed proximal DVT in the iliac common femoral vein who have significant pain and swelling. A primary study goal is to increase awareness of the new PMT technology among first-line health professionals who may be unaware of anticoagulation alternatives. (We’ve chosen the Trellis device to treat our study subjects selected for PMT.)
Nurses’ educational role
Nurses can play a major rule by educating patients—and even physicians—about the benefits of PMT in treating acute DVT. We’ve seen positive results firsthand in two recent case referrals from nurses. In the first, the nurse’s friend was a postpartum patient who developed an extensive DVT unrelieved by anticoagulation alone. In the other case, a nurse’s neighbor was a young man who sought her advice after getting little relief from anticoagulants. Both patients underwent PMT successfully and have recovered fully.
For the millions who suffer acute DVTs every year—air travellers, recovering surgical patients, the bedridden chronically ill, postpartum women, and even highly fit young athletes—PMT can allow a return to normal function in an impressively short time. But this can happen only if healthcare professionals know about this remarkable technology. Those of us who see DVTs often and know how they can impair patients’ lives are driven to spread the word about PMT as quickly and widely as possible. Our hope is that everyone who develops DVTs can be seen by a provider who knows about all available treatment options.
Both authors work at the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center in Pittsburgh, Pennsulvania. Susan Tamburro is a vascular clinical research coordinator. Rabih A. Chaer is a vascular surgeon.
Kearon C, Kahn SR, Agnelli G, Goldhaber SZ, Raskob GE, Comerota AJ. Antithrombotic therapy for venous thromboembolic disease: American College of Chest Physicians’ Evidence-Based Clinical Practice Guidelines (8th edition). Chest. 2008 Jun;133(6 Suppl):454S-545S.
Kim HS, Preece SR, Black JH, Pham LD, Streiff MB. Safety of catheter-directed thrombolysis for deep venous thrombosis in cancer patients. J Vasc Surg. 2008 Feb;47(2):388-94.
O’Sullivan GJ, Lohan DG, Gough N, Cronin CG, Kee ST. Pharmacomechanical thrombectomy of acute deep vein thrombosis with the Trellis-8 isolated thrombolysis catheter. J Vasc Interv Radiol. 2007 Jun;18(6):715-24.
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JC March 30, 2012 At 12:27 am
Hello. How come there’s no mention of SCD sleeves to the lower extgremities, to prevent DVTs in long standing cases example VT or Afib ablations, is this still recommended or useless since heparin is given in a timely manner during the procedure in relation to the ACT results. What does the new DVT guidelines/protocol say about this. Thank you.
Karen - Vascular Srugery NP January 12, 2012 At 4:13 am
To Terry – you can take your coumadin up until surgery and based on what your INR is will determine if the vascular surgeon stops it or not. If you are not therapeutic yet, no problem, if you are they still may proceed, if you are too high they will hold it.
terry bouier January 11, 2012 At 3:33 pm
I am going to have the procedure done on February 15th this year. My vascular surgeon has me on comadi and said I will stay on it even up to surgery. My home town doctor disagrees with the comadin up to surgery, this is confusing. Can you tell me what you think?
Very informative article. As a Acute Care NP in Pulmonary Medicine & Critical Care, a vast majority of my consults consist of patients admitted with DVTs. A hypercoaguable state is always permitted prior to beginning oral anticoagulation, however, PMT will definitely offer another alternative to prolong oral anticoagulation and length of hospital stay. Most patients diagnose with a DVT are inpatient for at least 5 days while on low molecular weight heparin & warfin.
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Rose McGowan Slams Natalie Portman's "Deeply Offensive" Oscars Outfit
"I concur with Ms. McGowan that it is incorrect to call me 'bold' for wearing an article of clothing with ladies' names on it," Portman said in an announcement got by E! News. "Bold is a term I all the more firmly partner with activities like those of the ladies who have been affirming against Harvey Weinstein the most recent couple of weeks, under unbelievable tension." It proceeded, "The previous not many years have seen a blooming of coordinating open doors for ladies because of the aggregate endeavors of numerous individuals who have been getting out the framework. The blessing has been these unfathomable movies. I trust that what was expected as a straightforward gesture to them doesn't occupy from their extraordinary accomplishments." "It is genuine I've just made a couple of movies with ladies. In my long vocation, I've just found the opportunity to work with female chiefs a couple of times. I've made shorts, plugs, music recordings and highlights with Marya Cohen, Mira Nair, Rebecca Zlotowski, Anna Rose Holmer, Sofia Coppola, Shirin Neshat and myself." "Lamentably, the unmade movies I have attempted to make are a phantom history." "As Stacy Smith of USC has very much reported, female movies have been staggeringly difficult to get made at studios, or to get autonomously financed. In the event that these movies do get made, ladies face colossal difficulties during the creation of them. I have had the experience a couple of times of getting female chiefs recruited on ventures which they were then constrained out of in view of the conditions they looked grinding away." "After they are made, female-coordinated movies face trouble getting into celebrations, getting appropriation and getting honors in light of the watchmen at each level." "So I need to state, I have attempted, and I will continue attempting. While I have not yet been effective, I am cheerful that we are venturing into another day." Peruse Rose's underlying take beneath. ______ Rose McGowan has a few musings about Natalie Portman's Oscars tribute. On Sunday night, the Black Swan star went to the 2020 Oscars wearing a Dior outfit alongside a coordinating cape. The cape had additional significance to Portman, who has been a promoter of the Time's Up development, since it had the names of the female chiefs scorned for the current year by the Academy Awards sewed on it. While at the function throughout the end of the week, Portman clarified the essentialness of the cape, telling The L.A. Times' Amy Kaufman, "I needed to perceive the ladies who were not perceived for their fantastic work this year in my unpretentious way."In reaction to Portman's tribute, McGowan took to Facebook to share her interpretation of the "protest.""Some contemplations on Natalie Portman and her Oscar 'fight.' The sort of dissent that gets rave audits from the predominant press for its valiance. Fearless? Actually no, not by far," McGowan started her post. "Progressively like an entertainer putting on a good show of somebody who cares. As such a large number of them do." McGowan proceeded to compose that she discovers Portman's "type" of activism "profoundly hostile to those of us who really accomplish the work." "I'm not working this out of sharpness, I am working out of nauseate," McGowan said. "I simply need her and different entertainers to walk the walk." McGowan then wrote to Portman legitimately, "Natalie, you have worked with two female executives in your long profession one of them was you. You have a creation organization that has employed precisely one female executive you." McGowan further clarified why she's getting out Portman, stating, "I am singling you out on the grounds that you are the most recent in a long queue of on-screen characters who are putting on a good show of a lady who thinks about other ladies. On-screen characters who evidently represent ladies, however in actuality don't do much by any stretch of the imagination." "Obviously ladies on the planet will continue purchasing the fragrances you advance, the motion pictures you make, and believe they're becoming tied up with what your identity is. However, who are you?" McGowan inquired. "There is no law that says you have to employ ladies, work with ladies, or bolster ladies. Definitely, you do you. However, I am stating quit imagining you're a victor for something besides yourself," McGowan later composed. "Concerning me, I'll be here raising my voice and battling for change with no pay. That is activism." McGowan closed her post by writing to Portman, "Until you and your kindred entertainers get genuine, help every one of us out and hang up your weaved lobbyist shroud, it doesn't hang right."
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Marie Rose Ferron American Mystic-Visionary-Stigmatic
Marie Rose Ferron "Little Rose" with her mother
Marie Rose Ferron –American Mystic, Stigmatic and Visionary (1902-1936)
Sources: “Crucified with Christ” by Herbert George Kramer S.M., P.J. Kenedy and Sons, 1949 and also the excellent book “She Wears a Crown of Thorns”, by Rev O.A. Boyer S.T.L Benzinger Brothers, 1949.
Marie Rose Ferron, affectionately known as “Little Rose”, was born on May 24th, 1902 in St Germain de Grantham, Quebec, and was the tenth child of a family of fifteen children. In 1906 when Rose was 4 ½ years old, her family moved to Fall River, Massachusetts. Then, on May 25, 1925 they moved once again to Woonsocket, Rhode Island where she remained the rest of her life.
At the age of six, Rose had already had a vision of the Child Jesus. "I saw Him with a cross," she said, "and He was looking at me with sadness in His eyes."
When she was seven, Jesus taught her a French prayer which she recited daily until her death. It reads:
"Lord Jesus, when I reflect upon the words You have uttered, 'Many are called, but few are chosen,' I begin to tremble for those I love, and I beg You to look upon them with mercy: and behold, with infinite tenderness, You place their salvation in my hands, as it were; for everything is promised to him who knows how to suffer with You and for You.
"My heart bleeds under the weight of affliction, but my will remains united to Yours, and I cry out to You: 'Lord, it is for them that I want to suffer!' I want to mingle my tears with Your Blood for the salvation of those I love! You will not turn a deaf ear to my cry of sorrow and You will save them."
Even at a young age, Marie-Rose showed an unusual piety, devotion and a grasp of heavenly and spiritual things. It was not at all difficult for her for example, to listen to and follow a sermon just as a grown¬up does. And when Mass was over, she did not rush out to play, but preferred to remain at her place to prolong her thanksgiving.
When Marie Rose reached thirteen, she became seriously ill as a result of carrying dinner to her father on a slushy early-spring day. Her right hand and her left foot now seemed paralyzed. Remarkably however, her hand was cured when she took holy water one morning after Mass two years later. In an instant it opened and once again she could freely move her fingers. But her foot never healed, and for twelve years she was unable to walk without crutches.
Understandably, Rose saw herself destined to be handicapped for life, and thus a air of sadness and loneliness held sway over her girlhood. One summer morning, when she was seventeen, she felt her misery more acutely than usual. Writing about the occasion years later she recalled how she felt. It was a Sunday, and from her window she could see her sisters and their friends chattering and laughing as they left for church. "The life that overflowed from these girls, seemed to be the best that the world could give, and I contrasted myself with them. I felt crushed. I saw myself miserable, destitute and abandoned by God; I thought of my infirmity, of my crutches, I was heart-broken and I melted into tears."
Another affliction that affected Rose deeply was her inability to attend school. "I felt as if I were blind, groping in the dark," she said. "I had nothing to look forward to, no hope of bettering my condition. I beheld my ignorance ever before my eyes, and that discouraged me more than my infirmities. Time, that softens everything, even sufferings, increased my own: they broke my heart."
The “La Sentinelliste” affair
In 1922, the Bishop of Providence R.I., Reverend William Hickey, launched a million dollar campaign for the construction of several new high schools in his diocese. It was at a period that favored the raising of funds for such a worthy cause. But, although the bishop did not expect any collection to be endorsed in all quarters, he never surmised that this drive would meet a wave of bitter opposition from the ranks of the French-speaking Catholics, so traditionally loyal to the Church. They did not debate the validity of the drive. They questioned his right to assess their parishes, which already supported their own elementary French schools, even though the drive was for high schools.
By 1924, a leader had arisen to crystallize the movement around a weekly newspaper called “La Sentinelle”. The paper spared no words in attacking the bishop, and its circulation grew. By 1927, its followers had become so obstinate that they refused all financial support to the Church. The bishop was now obliged to resort to drastic action. He ordered his priests to refuse the sacraments to all who persisted in their opposition and he was obliged to excommunicate the fifty-six leaders.
At the height of the unhappy episode, the broken-hearted shepherd of the Providence diocese looked for someone to give him supernatural assistance. He knew he needed a victim soul to suffer for the division that was separating the flock entrusted to him. Knowing of her extraordinary piety and devotion, he chose Marie-Rose to make reparation for the dissenters and to spiritually assist him in bringing them back to the fold of Christ’s Church.
And a victim soul was indeed Marie Rose mission. Marie Rose’s mother, Delima Mathieu Ferron, was of a rare virtue. From her first pregnancy she had dedicated each of her newly-born children to a mystery of the Rosary and having fifteen children she had thus completed all fifteen decades. Marie-Rose, or simply Rose, as she was often called, was destined to be the child dedicated to the tenth mystery, the Crucifixion, and it was she whom Bishop Hickey called upon in his distress.
A few years before, Rose met a priest who taught her how to suffer and sacrifice out of love for God, so that by the time Bishop Hickey called on her, when she was twenty-five, she had completely accepted the mystery of suffering for herself, and could even say that she hungered and thirsted after it, and that suffering was to be her state of life. And, by this time she had been bed-ridden for five years.
And so, the bishop called on the Ferron home because he knew he would meet there a victim who would be willing to offer herself as a living holocaust for his diocese. On her part, Rose recognized "a good heart" in the bishop. He felt so much at ease in her presence that all resistance broke down and he wept bitterly. "My child," he pleaded, "will you suffer for the Diocese of Providence, for its priests, and for those I was obliged to punish?"
"I will do whatever you ask," answered Rose without hesitation. "I am willing to suffer as you wish and for the return of those you have excommunicated. I accept at once. It will be my mission to pray for their return."
The bishop thought that Rose should reflect some time before complying with what might become a veritable martyrdom. He accordingly left the room for a few minutes, in order that she might consider the full import of her acceptance. When he came back, Rose reiterated her consent.
Calm began to settle slowly over the Sentinelliste battlefield. Many thought it was the calm before a fresh storm. A lone victim was however obtaining graces for an entire diocese through unusual, mystical suffering. Once in ecstasy, she was heard to plead: "Take away my speech, if that will help. Take my eyes! Take my mind!" And with her eyes glistening with tears, she added: "Take everything I have and cherish. I am ready to suffer until the last one is converted, even one hundred years if You so wish it!" And later she said- "This affair will bear good fruit for both sides, and with Jesus I rejoice because of it."
Remarkably, one by one, all fifty-six rebel children of the Church bowed in submission and obedience to their Bishop.
One day, when Rose was twenty-two, the house was filled with the odor of freshly baked bread. Her younger sister, who was munching a crumb, invited her to have some: "Oh, Rose, it is delicious!"
"I can't," answered Rose, who already knew the exigencies of her stomach. "If I do, I may die."
"To die from eating or from hunger-what's the difference? Try at least."
Rose tried and suffered as if she were actually to die.
When all was over, her left hand was deformed. It was to remain crippled until her death.
What is even more remarkable is that thereafter she partook of no more solid food. Rose herself attested to this fact, as did also her mother. For eleven years, until her death, Rose took only liquid food and even this she was at times unable to keep. Realizing that she could receive Holy Communion, a priest once gave her some tiny unconsecrated particles. They promptly made her ill. Moreover, four years before her death, she did not even drink water during a period of three months. But Rose felt hunger and thirst, as all who dwelt in contact with her very well knew. It was at the price of long and protracted craving for food that she was able to subsist on a diet that would have been insufficient for an ordinary person.
"Little Rose," had begun her role of victim without foreseeing what type of suffering was in store for her, nor what unusual signs God was to work in her martyred body. Her abstinence from food and drink was only the beginning of many extraordinary mystical phenomena and of deep suffering. Throughout it all, she remained docile to authority, both medical and spiritual, and with delicate discretion tried ever to avoid publicity.
A detailed biography is not the object of this brief sketch of the life of Marie Rose Ferron. Her trials, her love for suffering, her stigmata and the content of her ecstasies and visions will be treated somewhat in detail, because they alone bring into relief her intimacy with Christ crucified. Other phenomena of her mystic life can be found in the excellent biography "She Wears a Crown of Thorns" by the Reverend O. A. Boyer. Suffice it to state here in passing that while in ecstasy she could not be lifted, even by 4 grown men, although she weighed not more than seventy-five pounds. Moreover, her body remained rigid, except when she spoke or wanted to use her hands while in conversation with Christ.
Her Devotion to the Eucharist
Bishop Hickey authorized a private oratory next to Rose's room. When Mass was said there, especially on the feasts of the Blessed Virgin, Rose would drop into ecstasy at the opening prayers but she always revived at the moment of Communion. Generally, the instant she received the Sacred Host, her head fell back and she again drifted into ecstasy. Not the slightest movement of her throat muscles indicated that she was swallowing the Host, although It disappeared instantaneously. Many priests noted this fact, even one who did not to believe in the mystical authenticity of Rose's experiences.
In fact, Rose's love for the Eucharist was intense. She had been accustomed to the daily reception of Communion, when suddenly it became impossible for her to communicate more than once a week. Rose suffered acutely from this isolation from her Eucharistic Lord. Once the priest was absent for two weeks. She was counting the days one by one until the Saturday when he was again to bring her the Blessed Sacrament, only to be told that morning that he was not coming. "When later she spoke of the incident," writes her biographer, "her eyes filled with tears and as they ran down her cheeks, the intense pain that they betrayed was revealed in her words. The words were simple and few, but they could move a dead man's bones. I am not sensitive, but this time I felt an acute pain all through me. . . . I shall never need a greater proof of the martyrdom that girl suffered when deprived of the Blessed Sacrament."
When the priest learned that Rose lay constantly on a board to which she was tied, he was so profoundly impressed that he made arrangements for bringing her Holy Communion twice a week. During this same period, Rose became completely separated from the three priests from whom she had sought spiritual direction. Her isolation from them and the infrequency of the Eucharistic visits of her Spouse lasted several years. They were years of living by pure faith, amid deep sufferings, both physical and mental. For the remainder of her life, she was to wonder how she had been able to survive without having lost her mind. But she clung to the anchor of Faith and the Providence of God and found security in utter docility to her confessor's authority.
Her Stigmata and wounds of the Scourging
Rose Ferron was one of the most completely stigmatized persons on record. Whereas perhaps only thirty or so have borne the five wounds and the crowning of thorns, Rose had all of these, as well as the shoulder wound and the bleeding from the eyes.
The wounds of Christ's scourging had appeared now and then during the latter part of 1926. But it was during Lent of 1927, a few months before Bishop Hickey sought in Rose a victim for his diocese, that these wounds began to appear regularly every Friday. The red and purple stripes were clearly visible on her arm, which seemed to have been lashed with whips. The wounds swelled and hurt like burns.
Two days later, before the eyes of her biographer and another priest, the wounds of the nails appeared in her hands. Her feet too bore the marks of the nails. Rose had the sensation that her blood did not circulate beyond the stigmata in her feet, but the blood "streamed forth" from them. In describing the piercing of the muscles of her hands, Rose explained: "I feel them tearing apart; they seem to separate into shreds and to be drawn aside."
A priest who examined these wounds in 1930 wrote:
"The blood gave a sweet-smelling odor unknown to me, somewhat like a perfume; my hands became saturated with it....It was not a transitory smell, since the odor persisted till the following morning."
The stigmata of the heart began during the Lenten season of 1929. They brought such sharp pains to Rose that she sometimes fainted into unconsciousness. She said that the interior pain was "frightful." At times the pain was felt intensely in her back, "where the lance seems to have stopped.", she said.
The wounds of the crown of thorns resembled, in the mother's words, "two heavy cords that encircle her head." The holes made by the thorns themselves made Rose feel "as if her head were breaking open." These thorn stigmata never disappeared completely. They were still visible after her death, as shown in the photograph to the left
Finally Rose suffered from the shoulder wound, which likewise brought her acute pain.
The five wounds and the crown "came to stay," but the others appeared every Friday and disappeared on Saturday as rapidly as they had come, without leaving a trace. On Fridays, when the bleeding would begin, Mrs. Ferron would lock the doors of the house and would admit only a few visitors who had obtained special permission.
Rose was embarrassed at feeling herself an object of study and would keep the stigmata under cover. Some of the visitors fainted upon seeing Rose in agony. Such incidents caused great annoyance to the bereaved mother. "It is hard to keep the people out," she once remarked, "but when they faint, it's far worse to nurse them back."
The capacity for victim-suffering in this poor little Rose, crushed under foot as it were by her divine Gardener, was not yet filled. Like Him she had suffered from a scourging, from being pierced as if by nails, wounded in her heart, crowned with the piercing of thorns, and bruised on her shoulder. Yet had she to shed still more blood in order to fulfill her mission as victim in union with Him. But then, He had preceded her. Meek as a lamb, He Himself had been led to slaughter. In Him therefore Rose found strength. She found even love for the passion He was completing in her reduced body. As the story of pain unfolded with the months and the years, the realization that she was a victim grew more vivid. She knew that she was being tortured in the place of others and she accepted her vocation of bearing in her own body the physical pain spared them. In that, too, she resembled her Master, whose love prompted Him to bear mankind's punishment in its stead.
"Dear Rose," a priest once asked her in a lapse during her Friday ecstasy, "you suffer so much! How is it that Jesus whom you love so much, as you told me yesterday, treats you in such a severe way?""
"The caresses of Heaven are not like those of earth," she said simply, and then fell back into ecstasy and "in indescribable suffering."
And on another occasion Little Rose exclaimed "Oh Jesus, the happiness I have in loving You far outweighs the martyrdom that I endure". And in a letter to a friend Marie Rose wrote: "I will pray hard and my suffering will always be for souls," she vowed to a close friend. "I give myself to our dear Jesus to do with me Just as He pleases... I must ask you to pray for a very important intention. It is for souls, and at any price I must have these. They are so dear to God. Pray, pray, pray!" and again another time she said: "To save souls one should do anything. So together let us help Him, the One that we love, to give Him many souls!"
The flow of blood from her eyes and mouth- her conformity to the Holy Face
"Tell Father Boyer that the night before last, for the first time, Rose's eyes bled and the blood dropped like tears." Thus spoke Rose's sister to a friend to whom she telephoned one day in August, 1929, referring to the most impressive, the most heart-rending, sufferings of Little Rose.
In the same month, the physician attending Rose was overwhelmed with emotion at this sight and exclaimed to all present: "It is terrible! Believe all you see! She is a wonder." Rose was also bleeding profusely from her mouth at the time.
Rose once asked of her mother and a couple of visitors near the bed: "How is it that I lose so much blood, when I have so little?"
Hardly had she uttered this question when she lapsed into ecstasy and began to speak: "Oh! It is Your Blood that gushes from me! As for me, I am nothing, nothing, my Jesus!"
At the end of this month of August, a friend wrote in testimony of these unnatural hemorrhages: "After seeing my dear little Rose this morning, my heart is oppressed and I am thinking only of her. Oh, if you were to see her! This morning at seven o'clock, her mother called me and asked if I could come over. I arrived at 7:45 A.M .... , and I heard her say to me: 'Don't fear, Madame.' She was simply one blot of blood; her poor eyes were bleeding; her entire face was unrecognisable ... ; she suffered so much that she could not keep her head still. It is the assistant who brings her Communion. He is so affected that he cannot speak and leaves right away. . . . Recognizing the doctor who substituted for the regular physician, I told him before he entered: 'You will be surprised at seeing her this morning; she is all covered with blood.'
How surprised he was! He could not speak and Rose told him: 'Don't talk about it, Doctor, please.'
'No, certainly, don't fear,' he answered, and she removed her headdress to show him her head. . . He could not and did not want to speak to her. It was all he could do to tell me a few words.... This evening I returned at eight o'clock.
. . . She was worse than this morning. . .. Rose represents the Holy Face-it is the same thing!"
A few days later, a gentleman who had visited Rose put his experience into writing: "I have never been so surprised in my life. It was truly Christ's face, such as it is seen in the pictures of the Holy Face. Her face was covered with blood; a person could not see anything more pitiful. One feels like dropping on one's knees when seeing her."
In June, 1930, the same man wrote again: "I was there last Saturday. She was in a frightening state; she had been like that since Friday. . .. I had never seen her like this before. There was so much blood on her face that one could not see the cavity of her eyes. All she could say was: 'My Jesus!' ... I cannot write about it without weeping. . .. I wanted my wife to see her in that state. So Sunday at about three o'clock, we went to see her. ... When we arrived, she was as beautiful as she could be, but very weak."
There are various descriptions of Rose's sufferings on Fridays, during which the progress of the crucifixion could be followed. She would repeatedly ask the time, clearly awaiting the hour of deliverance. As three o'clock approached, she would begin to tremble and ask all to leave the room in order that she might be alone with her dying Savior.
Father Boyer has described Rose's agony on a Friday of November, 1929: "At 11:00 A.M., the cavities of both eyes were filled to the brim .... The night before, I asked her why she did not wipe it away. She answered, 'By wiping it off, the skin is often taken along with it; but, if I leave it, the blood dries and scales off the following day.' And still by leaving it, she felt the blood burning, as though it were an acid."
"The right eyebrow was split open while I was there, and as the wound enlarged, the surroundings of the eye became blue, yellow and black .... I have seen many bruised eyes; but that one was the worst I have ever seen. The very sight of it was painful. The right side of the lower lip, also, was split open, and as the swelling increased, new wounds were formed on the chin ....
"After dinner time, she entered into ecstacy, her right arm straightened out; if her left arm, which was tied to her body, had stretched out in the same way, she would have been in the form of a cross. Shortly afterward, she writhed with pain, her lips clenched and trembled and I could hear the muscles snap, as the arms seemed to be pulled out of their sockets .... Suddenly the movements stopped, her head jerked backward and while she was gasping for breath, I heard the sound, "krish, kroosh,...krish, kroosh," at short intervals .... Was it the tearing of the muscles that made that sound, as if the limbs were pulled out of their joints? As I heard them, they seemed to me as though the pains of Christ echoed from Calvary .... Rose felt as though her bones were out of their sockets, but still touching one another on ends. To avoid the pain, she did not dare move. . . . At times, Rose would clench her teeth to overcome the torture. The chill of death made her shiver, and cold sweat would appear. At that moment, she said: 'I thirst.' They gave her water to drink .... Rose repeated a second time: 'I thirst,' and the third time she added: 'I thirst for souls.'
"Finally ... her chin dropped, her mouth remained open and the pallor of death suggested a corpse."
A physician from Massachusetts assisted Rose at a number of these crucifixion sufferings. After the ecstasy, he helped her bring the dislocated arm back into its natural position, for the joints were out of their sockets. Explaining the situation in his own words he stated:
"This sometimes took half an hour to perform and was accompanied with excruciating pains. Two weeks before her death I did this three times the same afternoon. . . . I never could understand how that girl could suffer so much!"
The inevitable question of official medical observation finally arose. We have Rose's own description of her acceptance of this proposal in August, 1931:
"In July, I bled every day as on Friday. It was terrible! I felt that if the authorities were to do something, it was the time. I had no repugnance to being examined at the time and was willing to submit to the ordeal. But on the first of the month, the Friday on which I bled so regularly and for so long a time, on that very day, there was no trace of blood and even the wounds could hardly be seen. That day, Father called to tell me that I would be examined in two weeks. On seeing me, he said, 'What! Today, Friday, and there is nothing?' It's strange, but since then my wounds have not bled."
Rose was pleased at the temporary relief afforded her parents, for their helplessness over their daughter's torments allowed them little peace of mind. She had even asked her director if it were wrong for her to pray for the removal of all exterior signs of the stigmata. During an ecstasy she had prayed: "Oh my Jesus, I wish to suffer more and more, but spare my parents. Increase my sufferings, if You will, but allow no one to see them. Put a smile on my lips and a ray of Your glory in my eyes and show them that I am happy."
Her sincere and humble prayer was answered. During her last five years on earth, she bore no stigmata, except those of the head. But her sufferings did not cease. Every Friday, the blood rushed to the members that had borne the wounds and caused even greater pain "than before. Rose wondered if she should not ask for the wounds to reappear, to which a priest replied, "God has brought them about and God has taken them away. If God wants their return, He can do so without being asked."
The official medical investigation was never made.
But Providence has seen fit to leave ample medical pronouncements on Rose Ferron's case to convince persons of open mind. A truly valuable testimony is that of one physician who died before Rose:
"I have had all kinds of doctors examine Rose," he averred, "and none of them can explain her case on natural grounds. To me her case is supernatural, because no one could have lost so much blood during the years and live." Referring to the very small quantities of liquid food which were her sole nourishment, he added, "She is sustained by God alone. I am thoroughly convinced the manifestations are supernatural."
Equally valuable is the statement of one of Rose's physicians seven years after her death. Having in the meantime made a thorough study of Bremond, Tanquerey and other masters of mystical science, he stated in a letter composed at his own initiative, "Would that I had had the preparation when I treated Rose Ferron. However, I feel honored when I think of the many phenomena I witnessed, and it is with pleasure that I now can affirm that Rose was a genuine mystic. I can see the stages she went through to the ultimate spiritual marriage and complete union with her Jesus. I now admire her complete abandonment to God and her simple humility. Her stigmata are ever fresh in my memory, as well as her great thirst for souls."
The little victim of the diocese of Providence knew no more repose here below. Not only was her body and mind racked with pain, but she seems not to have slept for years, except perhaps when she would swoon into unconsciousness from sheer pain. From midnight until one o'clock, Rose kept her "Hour of Reparation." Then for three hours she busied herself as well as she could with her little crafts. She had learned to make book marks, to braid, and to repair rosaries. "I cannot remain idle," she once remarked. "My little Jesus wants me to work."
And when someone questioned how she performed her tasks with but two fingers and her mouth, she replied, "My little Jesus comes and helps me." After four o'clock, she "dozed" for two hours. But Rose insisted that she did not sleep. In fact, she was aware of all that happened in the room.
Such a life of hunger, pain, and helplessness, with no promise of early relief in sight, was a supreme test of patience. The most providential of witnesses to Rose's spirit of long-suffering was perhaps a Protestant friend who attended her faithfully to the end. Two days before Rose's death, she wrote as follows:
"Little Rose was truly a martyr; she always wore a smile, however great the pain and agony she suffered. I have cared for her day after day, week after week, year
after year . . . ; I have seen the wounds she carried, the wounds which resembled the wounds of the crucified body of Christ.
"On Friday, the wounds were more prominent and would always bleed. During the Lenten season, as Holy Week and Good Friday approached, her sufferings were much greater and the agony which she suffered at times was beyond human endurance and the bleeding during this period was much greater.
"... I can say that she never complained, she always smiled, although in agony.... I have been blessed beyond expression by her friendship."
Her humility
Such patience is hardly conceivable in a stigmatist without deep-rooted humility. Rose's humility shone forth not only in her constant effort to avoid popularity and exhibition, but in many details of her life, as for example in her simple acceptance of complete poverty during the Depression, when her aging father had no work, when doctor bills could not be paid, and when she depended entirely upon public charity. Even in her ecstasies, she remained a little Rose. In one of them, our Lord seems to have proposed that He raise her to the honors of the altar, for she responded: "Be on the altars? I am too little for that!"
Rose's humility, her reserve, her smile amid agony, "a smile full of frankness, a childlike smile which ravished one's heart," were so many tones vibrating into an ensemble of noble charm that was not unlike the attractiveness of Saint Therese of Lisieux, the Little Flower. In fact, a priest, who had lived in Lisieux and as a boy had known the Carmelite saint, testified that "Rose has not only the physical resemblance of the Little Flower, but she has also her power of attraction; when we are with Rose, we don't know when to leave and when we are gone our hearts irresistibly cling to her memory. That is why the Little Flower influenced me and all the children of my age who visited the Carmel. Her personality impressed us so that she seemed to follow us wherever we went.... During and after my visits with Rose, I went through the same experience as I did years ago when I visited the Little Flower. She inspired me with the same confidence and I really have the same veneration for both of them."
Many visitors to Rose's home shared this priest's impression. If some came out of mere curiosity to see her sufferings, still more came to meet "a soul of crystal" in which they perceived the most beaming reflections of the supernatural they had ever encountered. They loved hearing her speak because of the mingled serenity and abundance of heart that filtered through her words. While she was in ecstasy, her prayers aroused in the bystanders deep emotions of contact with the supernatural. This crippled girl, who had formerly felt herself an outcast because she had no education, expressed her thoughts with a careful apropos that astonished visitors. Her constant and intimate union with God had supplied whatever human education had failed to furnish her.
However as with all mystics, her lot was not without its brunt of calumny, gossip, and ridicule. But she was too generous of heart to retaliate. "Even were I to try to hate and blame those who work against me, I could not do it," she explained. "It seems that I love them still more; and I have a desire to pray for them."
The true explanation of Rose's tenderness towards others, even those who slandered her, was her tremendous love of God. "0h Jesus, the happiness I have in loving You outweighs the martyrdom that I endure," she once exclaimed.
Her ecstasies
Little Rose was joyful amidst her sufferings, and she was radiant in the intimacy with her Divine Spouse. "How sweet it is to rest at Your side, 0 my Jesus!" she repeated during an ecstasy in 1934. "You know that I love You!"
At times during her ecstasies, often in the middle of the night, Rose sang hymns in French to Jesus, Mary, and Joseph. They were not hymns that others knew. She composed the melody and words in rhythmic prose as the emotions of her soul progressed. Several of these hymns were copied by her friends. In 1929, a priest from Montreal recorded the following in French:
"Oh Jesus, yes, I love You,
and I want without a cloud to love You more than myself.
Oh! It is for You, my Jesus, that I wish to suffer.
O Jesus, it is for You alone,
for that would be my heavenly Father's will."
This lifelong love for Christ in suffering led Rose instinctively to prefer devotions that honored His Passion. The month of the Precious Blood was for her, who had bled so much in her own victimized body, replete with inspiration. "It would take so many lives like mine and others," she said admiringly, "to make up for just one precious drop of His Blood."
Rose's preference among pictures and statues of Christ was definitely for those that depicted Him in suffering. She loved above all a statue of the Scourging, because it held graphically before her eyes the price of wounds and blood that the Man of Sorrows had paid to redeem mankind. Blessed Brother Andre Besette, the Brother of the Congregation of the Holy Cross who radiated sanctity far and wide from his porter's room at Saint Joseph's Oratory in Montreal, Canada, was likewise impressed by this statue on a visit he paid to Rose in 1931. For twenty minutes he studied it thoughtfully. That evening he expressed to a friend his desire to have a statue just like it. When Rose heard of it, she reflected in prayer over Brother Andre's wishes. "If giving my statue to Frere Andre would give Jesus more souls, why should His Little Rose not make the big sacrifice?" she concluded. On the Brother's next visit, Rose made "the big sacrifice."
While in ecstasy on April 13, 1929, in the presence of six visitors, Rose asked her Saviour how long she had still to suffer, and then she repeated aloud the answer, "Seven years!" She began to count the age she would have after seven more years, and stopped at thirty-three. Christ seemed to ask her if that were too long, for she said with great eagerness: "Oh, no! Come and get me whenever You want. I am ready to suffer one hundred years, if You want it. It is my sacrifice to stay."
As was revealed to her previously, Marie-Rose Ferron died in 1936 at the age of thirty-three. Death alone released her from the suffering that pursued her day after day. "God and the victims are the only ones who know what is meant by the word 'Cross,' " she had remarked, and her last two weeks were filled with the overwhelming realization of the truth of this statement. Rose could no longer see. She suffered such pains in her head that the least sound was like a blow, and any noise caused her to faint. On the last day of April, 1936, she lost her hearing and speech completely. There was no way of knowing what she wanted.
On May 6, Father Boyer called at one o'clock in the morning. "I walked into the room," he wrote in his biography, "and when I saw the condition in which she was, I was moved with pity. I could not recognize her, she was so changed; her face was not only disfigured, but wrenched out of shape. Her eyes were half-closed and in their corners thick blood was gathering; her complexion was copper red and her skin appeared coarse and swollen; her breathing was painful; her mouth was open and twisted with a heart-rending expression. She was like a dying crucifix, waiting for the consummation of her martyrdom."
Rose lived five more days. In death she still had "the expression of anguish embedded in her face." But as the women, whom she herself had appointed for preparing her body for the coffin, were washing her face, its frightful distortions disappeared. A change came over her features at each stroke of the towel. Her countenance emerged wreathed with a charming smile. She was so natural that a doctor was called specifically to ascertain her death.
In fact, Little Rose's beauty had long impressed her visitors. In their testimonials of her phenomena, they repeatedly commented upon it. When they saw her writhing and bleeding in the atrocious sufferings of the Passion, they failed to note the beauty of her features. "Yesterday she was so beautiful," wrote one priest, "today she is covered with blood."
Surely it was the inner beauty of her virtues that radiated in her external countenance.
After an intense period of suffering in union with Jesus for the conversion of sinners, Marie Rose Ferron took flight to heaven on May 11, 1936, at age 33, just as she was told by Jesus in ecstasy some seven years before. She was clothed in the habit of the religious congregation she had founded after her Lord's directions, although she died without seeing it progress beyond the approbation of Bishop Hickey under the name of the Sisters of Reparation of the Sacred Wounds of Jesus. "Jesus will need this community before long," she had said. As the thousands now filed past her body, nearly fifteen thousand signed the guest book, they broke out in admiration at her chaste beauty. The editorial writer of a newspaper wrote:
"There are things one can never forget; for us it is the radiant face of Rose Ferron. She was beautiful, but hers was not a natural beauty, but rather a mystifying one: a slight luminous emanation seemed to escape continually from that angelic face."
Let us let Rose herself in her own words close this little biography:
“I offer myself as a victim, a holocaust that I may live in constant charity, begging Thee, O my Jesus, to consume me without ceasing, that I may become a victim of Thy love…”
This author joins the many others worldwide who fervently hope and pray that "Little Rose" may soon be canonized by the Catholic church.
~Marie Rose Ferron, pray for us!
For more information about Marie-Rose Ferron, see the excellent two part article: "Marie Rose Ferron -An American Mystic and Stigmatic" and for more photos see Marie Rose Ferron -A Photo Documentary"
Also, for those interested, I have just republished a booklet that was originally published by "Little Rose Friends" back exactly 50 years ago (1964). The booklet is entitled "MY HEART SPEAKS TO THEE -The life of Marie Rose Ferron"
The booklet has both an NIHIL OBSTAT and also an IMPRIMATUR from the first edition in 1964. This new 2nd edition contains 7 additional photographs of Little Rose and included with each booklet is a free Little Rose holy prayer card with a photo of Little Rose on the front, and some sayings of hers on the back. -Both for only $5.99, plus $2.99 shipping.
Those interested can read more about the booklet offer and other items on the "Mystics of the Church" website gift store here:
http://www.mysticsofthechurch.com/p/mystics-of-church-gift-store.html
"Oh Jesus, yes, I love You, and I would like without a shadow to love You more than myself. Oh! It is for You, my Jesus, that I wish to suffer. O Jesus, it is for You alone, for that would be my heavenly Father's will." -Marie Rose Ferron
Dominic George said...
Amen! Viva Cristo Rey! Jesus is Reedemer and He testifies His redemption efforts through love and His elects! May Rose will eventually be canonised and become a venerated Saint. Viva Cristo Rey! Viva Cristo Rey! Viva Cristo Rey!
Marie Rose Ferron redeemed our father Stephen Odell Dean of Alcohal addiction thru her sufferings. Our mother and Aunt went to Canada and got holy water that was toched to Mother Rose.They brought it back to N Fall N.Y gave it to father to drink. from that time onward completely sober. Glory to the Father and to the Son and to the Holy Spirit Thank You Rose Ferron I witnesssed this miracle. Iwas 16 years old. I am now 80 yrs old.
Paulette Nickel said...
I am happy to see the life on Rose Ferron on this Site- if you wish more information, please contact the Little Rose Apostolate at email:
beatification@verizon.net
Paulette Nickel
Thanks for this fascinating story!
Just an update, Brother Andre Besette is now a Saint.
Paulette Nickel from the Little Rose Ferron Apostolate said...
From Paulette Nickel from the Little Rose Ferron Apostolate:
2012 Mass Schedule in honor of Marie Rose Ferron:
FRIDAY MAY 11 AT 7;30AM AT OUR LADY OF GOOD HELP- on Victory Hwy. in Oakland, RI
**SUNDAY, MAY 20 AT 8:30AM AT PRECIOUS BLOOD CHURCH, Woonsocket.
MAY 24 AT 7;30 AM AT OUR LADY OF GOOD HELP
*AND ALSO 5:00 PM AT PRECIOUS BLOOD CHURCH, ALSO ON MAY 24.
*We are encouraging that the devotees would attend the Mass at the Precious Blood church, on Carrington ave and Corner of Park Ave in Woonsocket on May 20th Sunday, and also the one on May 24 at 5:00 in the evening.
For more information, please contact Diane Marshall 401-762-5371
We encourage devotees to have a mass said in memory of Little Rose in their parishes during May or during the summer Sundays if possible. For those who live in the surrounding areas of Woonsocket, we ask that you have a mass offered for Little Rose in other Churches in Woonsocket and the surrounding Churches of Woonsocket . Our Lord has given to all of us the privilege of offering the Sacrifice of the Mass for one of His Chosen Victim Souls-a Victim Soul that has offered herself for her own Diocese since 1925 and continues to the present. Truly Marie Rose Ferron is a Martyr of Charity- let us grow in her example of her heroic sanctity and virtues.
-Paulette Nickel from the Little Rose Ferron Apostolate
Scheduled Masses in honor of Marie Rose Ferron for 2013:
May 26, 2013- 8:30 a.m.- Precious Blood Catholic Church, Woonsocket, RI.
May 26, 2013- Our Lady of Good Help in Mapleville, RI. --10:30a.m.
@Dominic George - Que viva!
I'd love to know her address where she lived in Fall River Mass.
christine keeler said...
Rose is my mothers cousin, mom is now in a nursing home, I never really believed this till now, mom was born 1 11 1916 , name was Alice Belenger Her mom was emma Ferron Belanger, She has a copy of very old paper there, as I found in her things , she told me of this , but I thought it was a fairy tale, So proud ta see not .She would love ta see this . Yes she has had the hardest life. But never complains. and she is in Longmeadow of Taunton Ma. 02780 Now Alice Belanger Lacombe.
I'm from Boston, Ma. I'm 35 years old. I feel intimately attached to Rose Ferron because if it wasn't for her intersession I wouldn't be here. Rose Ferron saved my father's life! You see, my father's mother and my great aunts were very close with Rose Ferron's family. As children my parents and grandmother used to take us to Rose Ferron's house for prayer vigils which if I remember correctly were held by Little Rose's sister. When my father went to Vietnam my grandmother gave him a relic of Little Rose which was given to her by Rose's sister to take with him and prayed to Little Rose that through her intersession he would be kept safe. It was on his person at all times. He pinned it to the inside of his pocket until one day he lost this relic. My father went crazy. He searched for it for a month. He turned out all his pockets, emptied out all his trunks, bags, shook out all his blankets and bedding. Over the course of that time he continued looking, searching everything he had several times. One day during a mission a vietnamese soldier jumped out and shot my father repeatedly, emptying out the whole magazine of his gun into my fathers body. He should have been dead. The soldier turned my father into a human piece of swiss cheese. He woke up a week later in a hospital bed. After he awoke one of the people who had been caring for him came over to him with the relic in their hand and told him they had found it embedded in the wound closest to his heart. Our family believes it was a miracle that was granted through the intersession of Rose Ferron. If he had died that day (and he should have!) my sister and I never would have been born.
Hi Anonymous from Boston--
Thanks so much for sharing the awesome story concerning the miraculous intercession of Marie Rose Ferron in your fathers life. What an exceptional grace that your dad received! Marie-Rose Ferron, pray for us.
i too when i was about 5 had a vision of jesus with a cross looking very sad exactly the way she describe and about 17 years old on dream and saw what is happening in nejun korea and more...
one day soon i will visit her grave.
please pray for me that i may have poupose and meaning in my life.
Marie Rose said...
I am very happy to read about the life, suffering and death of Marie Rose Ferron. She endured all with humility and Joy, she never complained. Oh my Jesus suffered sooo much for us. Marie Rose Ferron please pray to Jesus for me that I my live a holy life with humility and purity, be useful in life for God and men on earth. Marie Rose Ferron, pray for me!
callalisha said...
Truly an amazing story full of heartache and whoa. To be so beautiful a person is inspiring.
Sending love,
Alisha O'Niel
Truly amazing!
Jeanne T Vermette said...
So much suffering in the World today in the Middle East and beyond and yet this does not seem as much as Little Rose suffered for Christ and thus for us. May we love Christ as much as she and the Blessed Mother and other mystics and Saints if only He would let us, if possible.. Help me, Little Rose, to come to the Lord with more purpose for this life so that I may worship Him after in Heaven for eternity. May I always be a Child of Christ and Mary.
I guess my question is the work is done why do we need to suffer?
I have been through some extrodinary events, again why do we suffer if Christs work is completed? I'm wanting knowledge?
Dear Anonymous (directly above)
In the Scriptures St Paul says:
"Now I rejoice in my sufferings for your sake, and in my flesh I am filling up what is lacking in the afflictions of Christ on behalf of his body, which is the church..." -St Paul to the Colossians- (Colossians 1:24)
This website explores some of the extraordinary Mystics who are called by God to a special sacrificial union with Him, and most of the individuals on this website have received extraordinary mystical graces from God to strengthen and guide them in their mission within the Church. By the express Will of God, the Mystics are united with Jesus and Mary in suffering for the conversion of sinners. As victim souls, they are fastened to the Cross in union with Jesus in order to continue our Saviours offering to the Father, in reparation for our sins. In other words, they are coredeemers with Christ and their mission is to lead souls to God. They are the great lovers of God who offer and give of themselves completely to "fill up what is lacking in the afflictions of Christ on behalf of his body, which is the church" (Colossians 1:24). Although the Mystics are often submerged in a sea of pain, as willed by God, they are also at the same time full of love, joy and happiness, ravished by the love of God, in a joyful union with Jesus and His Mother. And so we have for example the remarkable Saint Gemma Galgani saying to Jesus in a ecstasy of love- "Jesus possesses my heart, and being in possession of Jesus I find that I can smile, even in the midst of so many tears. I feel, yes, I feel that I am happy even in the midst of so many sufferings." Because of their unique participation in the Passion, and consequently their special union with Jesus, the Mystics of the Church are known for their extraordinary expressions of love for God and souls. Often, these accents of love that dart forth from their hearts all on fire for the love of God are captured in their diaries and letters, or in many cases, in their words of love that escape from their lips while in ecstasy, and are carefully noted by those nearby. Such expressions of love are truly a treasure that inspires and inflames the heart of those of us who read them. The expressions of love and devotion that we have from the mystics coupled with the example of their lives of heroic sacrifice, suffering and virtue, form a treasure of the most exquisite spiritual gems and pearls, unique to each mystic. (the above was taken from the home page of this website)
In short, while Jesus obtained for us the possibility of our salvation, the work of conversion and redemption is ongoing. I hope this helps to answer your question.
The Gospels are insufficient at describing the sufferings and indignities that Jesus endured for our sins to restore the broken friendship with GOD the Father Holy Trinity.
Very blessed to read this!
I am curious about one thing: she had so many siblings, each one dedicated to a part of the Rosary + what became of them???
W/ love,
Jeannee
Sparkle4Jesus@outlook.com
Hi that's amazing thing. I hope you Are good now. I was reading your comment after reading the life of Rose. I hope you are doing well and wish you good health too.
Wow! That is so amazing story about your father. God bless you.
hewhoseesindarkness said...
Thank you for posting this article about our little saint from Rhode Island. What is amazing is how many people in RI still don't know about her! I highly recommend the books you've listed about her. They document her remarkable sanctity and supernatural life yet gets little notice. I hope you get special graces for spreading the word Glenn.
For anyone interested, there's a great deal of historical data published in a 25 page article in the Canadian Catholic Historical Association in 2007. It's very well footnoted. http://umanitoba.ca/colleges/st_pauls/ccha/Historical%20Studies%20vol%2073%20Final%20(2).pdf
I am all for the Most Holy Work In Our Crucified Lord Jesus Christ In Hand Picking His Chosen Victim Soul Little Rose Ferron For The Salvation Of All Souls. No greater Love that a Man has than to lay down one,s life for one,s friend. Little Rose In Complete Union with her Lord Jesus Christ Had Accomplished This Most Ultimate , Sacrafice Of Unconditional Divine Love For Her Beloved Bridegroom And For All Of Humanity. Must pray in the Highest Thanksgiving To Our God With Holy Mother Mary , All Of Heaven and All Holy Souls Everywhere For Little Rose.
With all my heart and love , I pray Thankyou to all. Peace and love always, Mary.
Joseph B said...
This is a very good story. I am a cradle catholic and have suffered through some pretty hard times. But I still believe in what my church teaches. After all that is one of Her most important roles, and thus truths of the catholic faith. I have read about other stigmatists and mystics. It is incredible that these people actually existed. To just read small excerpts from their lives is truly amazing and mind blowing. I know for fact that I or we, cant understand or make the realization that there were and are people that have experienced these occurrences in their lives. It is a humbling experience to contemplate what the meaning is behind what is seen and documented. They are really Christ on earth and working through His Holy Will. Maybe we cant fully understand the pain and suffering that they choose to go through for uniting themselves to Jesus Christ and also to be able to communicate what it is that they are conveying to us about their experiences. It's almost surreal, but the evidence is there and as a catholic who has had the opportunity to study and read many books about our faith it reinforces my faith and humbles my soul. Pray for us Holy Mother of God. St.Philomena pray for us, St. Benedict pray for us...Jusus Christ, Sweet Jesus, Jeaus Christ the way the truth and the life. Save Us.
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Near Trump’s rally site, black Tulsa lives with fiery legacy
by: ELLEN KNICKMEYER, Associated Press
Posted: Jun 16, 2020 / 02:35 PM EDT / Updated: Jun 16, 2020 / 09:58 PM EDT
Donald Shaw looks at a sculpture in the John Hope Franklin reconciliation park in Tulsa, Okla., Monday, June 15, 2020, a few hundred yards and on the other side of what’s historically the city’s white-black dividing line, where President Donald Trump will rally Saturday, June 20. (AP Photo/Sue Ogrocki)
TULSA, Okla. (AP) — In the real world, 74-year-old Donald Shaw is walking on the empty, parched grass slope by Tulsa’s noisy crosstown expressway. He’s on the other side of the city’s historical white-black dividing line from where President Donald Trump will hold a rally Saturday with his overwhelmingly white supporters.
But Shaw can conjure stories and images of so much more — the once-thriving black community that stood on this same ground, destroyed nearly a century ago by white violence and ensuing decades of repression.
“Just imagine, in your mind, all these homes,” Shaw said one morning this week, describing the black-built, black-owned houses and churches that once covered dozens of blocks where he’s walking, the site of Tulsa’s 1921 race massacre. “Just picture that.”
“Hotels, movie theater, roller rink,” said Shaw, a retired man who spends his mornings sitting in the shade of an engraved stone memorial to the Home Style Café, A.S. Newkirk photography studio, and literally hundreds of other African American-owned bakeries, barber shops, attorney offices and businesses razed in the massacre.
Burned bricks and a fragment of a church basement are about all that survive today of the more than 30-block historically black district. On May 31 and June 1 in 1921, white residents and civil society leaders looted and burned Tulsa’s black Greenwood district to the ground, and used planes to drop projectiles on it.
The attackers killed up to 300 black Tulsans, and forced survivors for a time to internment camps overseen by National Guard members.
Historians say the trouble began after a Tulsa newspaper drummed up a furor over a black man who allegedly stepped on a white girl’s foot. When black Tulsans showed up with guns to prevent the man’s lynching, white Tulsa responded with overwhelming force. A grand jury investigation at the time concluded, without evidence, that unidentified agitators had given Tulsa’s African Americans both their firearms and what was described as their mistaken belief “in equal rights, social equality and their ability to demand the same.”
“Everything they had downtown,” Shaw said of the white-owned business district where Trump will rally, “we had here.”
Trump’s choice to resume his giant rallies in Oklahoma, a loyal Republican state, and in Tulsa, an oil center, has brought a surge of national interest in the Greenwood district once called Tulsa’s “Negro Wall Street.” His rally at the 19,000-seat BOK Center will be Trump’s first since the coronavirus pandemic shut down much of the U.S. by late March.
Trump’s initial plan to hold the rally on Friday — Juneteenth — also sparked interest in the turbulent racial legacy here, although he later pushed back the rally date to Saturday. So has a spring of nationwide street protests over police killings of George Floyd and other black Americans.
Despite the Oklahoma heat, visitors of all races drive up to the site of the destroyed black community. They take photos of themselves in front of the inscribed memorials to what’s now called Black Wall Street. They raise a defiant fist in the air for other photos in front of a mural to Black Wall Street painted on the side of the overpass.
For Shawn-Du Stackhouse, a barber from the Washington, D.C., area and one of those visiting the Tulsa massacre memorials, the proof that cellphone videos provide of killings of African Americans today somehow make the killings of the past, like Tulsa’s, more real as well.
For black Americans, the cellphone videos “show what they have already known,” Stackhouse said. “It gives more confidence” to speak up about all the killings, past and present, he said.
The Tulsa rampage was part of a surge of white attacks on black communities — from Washington, D.C., to Chicago to the Pacific Northwest — at the time, said Scott Ellsworth, a historian who has worked for decades to bring the Tulsa massacre to light. The Ku Klux Klan was surging as well, putting many of its members in public office and other influential positions.
In 1915, President Woodrow Wilson gave a White House screening and praise to “The Birth of a Nation,” a tremendously influential and viciously racist film on the South.
Today, opponents say Trump’s statements and actions embolden white supremacist sentiment in the country. That includes Trump’s opposition to renaming military bases named after Confederate Civil War figures, and his emphasis on a tough “law and order” response to recent protests. Trump denies any racism, and said his administration has been beneficial to African American citizens.
Asked Monday about any concerns that Trump’s rally may fan racial tensions in Tulsa, Oklahoma Republican Party chairman David McLain said, “I would like to invite all nationalities into the Republican Party. … We are a party of great opportunity for anybody, race, creed or color.”
Black community groups are organizing a Juneteenth ceremony and justice rally for Friday on the grounds of the memorial district. The Rev. Al Sharpton will speak alongside family members of Terence Crutcher, a black motorist killed by Tulsa police in 2016 while unarmed, Sharpton’s publicists said.
Tulsa’s Republican mayor, G.T. Bynum, has formed a commission for marking the 100th anniversary of the massacre next year. Although expressing doubts about calls for reparations to Tulsa’s African Americans, Bynum has supported the search for unmarked burials of victims of the massacre.
Next month, experts plan painstaking examination and excavations of an existing Tulsa cemetery to look for such unmarked graves, said Ellsworth, who teaches African American history at the University of Michigan.
After generations of determined public silence on the massacre — long referred to by white Tulsans dismissively as a race “riot” — black and white Tulsans increasingly are trying to tell the story of Black Wall Street, including its fiery, deadly end.
Teaching about the massacre is being added to state and city school standards, so that this fall third graders will learn about it. Even preschoolers in some districts are being told about Black Wall Street — not about how it ended, but what it was, said Danielle Neves, deputy chief of academics for Tulsa public schools.
“Four-year-olds can understand that people like them once owned movie theaters and hotels and … had a thriving community,” Neves said.
At the area’s Greenwood Leadership Academy school, classrooms are named after the Dreamland movie theater and other black businesses that white Tulsans burned down, said Kristi Williams, operation manager at the school. Williams’ great aunt fled with her date from one theater when the armed whites came to destroy the black part of town in 1921.
Williams, whose family descended from African Americans enslaved by the Oklahoma-based Muscogee (Creek) Indian nation, emphasizes to pupils the joint power and financial resources that communities like Tulsa’s Black Wall Street once embodied.
“I just always imagine — what would Greenwood look like if the massacre never happened? We had an economy within an economy,” says Williams. “What could have happened? What would we be?”
Follow @knickmeyerellen on Twitter. AP Writer Sean Murphy contributed from Oklahoma City.
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Bannon told colleague eliminating black vote ‘not a bad thing’
By D.B. Hirsch
November 28, 2016 4:35 pm - NewsBehavingBadly.com
A woman who collaborated with Steve Bannon on a film about Ronald Reagan recalls him saying that suppressing the black vote wouldn’t be a bad thing.
Julia Jones, who co-wrote the Reagan documentary In the Face of Evil with Bannon, tells the Times that Bannon once mused on changing the laws so that only property owners would be allowed to vote in the United States.
“I said, ‘That would exclude a lot of African-Americans,’” Jones tells the paper. “He said, ‘Maybe that’s not such a bad thing.’ I said, ‘But what about [Bannon’s black executive assistant] Wendy?’ He said, ‘She’s different. She’s family.’”
[su_center_b]
Additionally, Jones claims that Bannon used to occasionally talk about “genetic superiority” of some people, although it’s not clear from the reporting whether he believes this genetic superiority is based on race.
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D.B. Hirsch
D.B. Hirsch is a political activist, news junkie, and retired ad copy writer and spin doctor. He lives in Brooklyn, New York.
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Home/Politics/Dems take action to block Trump from declaring national emergency Video
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Transcript for Dems take action to block Trump from declaring national emergency
And. They’re great welcome to the briefing room on this Friday and Devin Dwyer Washington joined by joining her homework or political reporter and our pentagon reporter. Senior pentagon reporter Willie Martinez for the first time in the flash. You can hear you great to see you really use of the year over there which reports. At the Pentagon let’s talk about today with the with the border wall funding fight the president declared a national emergency last week. And to date house Democrats for the first time taking that formal step to try to block president trump. From carrying out that executive action C easy money that congress has appropriated to help build that wallets for in our John Parkinson he’s up on. Capitol Hill I think are in the beer or are you John. They are right up front of the White House concurrent on the other side of town. I bring us up to speed on what Nancy Pelosi did today and what the odds are that congressional Democrats can actually tie the president’s hands. Yeah well I think this is the first swing really at the Kenyatta there that the president’s guy with his national emergency declaration. Today they file the bill we expect them to have a vote on Tuesday next week. And from there you know it’s gonna pass the house there’s 226 house Democrats that are co sponsoring this bill heaving got one Republican congressman just in a mosh. Of Michigan to sign on to this. But we don’t really I think that this will go to the numbers that they need to sustain a presidential veto in just a short time ago on the Oval Office. The president said that he would 100% veto this measure if it ever got to his desk. So this is the first legislative attempts Louie to try to block the president’s. Money grab your fuel let’s remind everybody can we have a graphic. Of how president trump has decided he’s gonna cobbled together more than eight billion dollars to being construction of the border wall of course the spending bill was signed. Last week avoiding a government shutdown would provide about one point four vapid of the president’s ABC news executive action to seize. Drug forfeiture funds from the treasury his and also take some money from the Pentagon’s drug interdiction program 2.5 billionaire. Hot and then met national emergency to free up three and a half billion from the military construction budget Louie there was some talk today out there in the Twitter sphere. And that’s perhaps the president. Where is got a little bit ahead of his skis here and there that money is actually there in the Pentagon budget what would you be able to track down about what’s available. So again and it according to earlier reporting of what we’re talking about here is the drug into TV counter narcotics program that man has this is ruined everything fund. He. Deployment of troops along the border to interdict going to really impossible or. Now the reality is that what we’ve been reporting is that there’s about 850 million dollars in that account. And so what they’re gonna do you need to do is transfer in fine from other pending on accounts so that it boosts the number up to two and a half billion. Dollars so hung. They do that to be just as defense they’re acting Defense Secretary just look at that at the books look at the different accounts and say what cherry pick from here in there and voila that’s exactly what and a they’re gonna have to go three counts of one by one and try to figure out where they can take money of ping on has his fancy terms of reprogramming. And so congress does so easy it’s at such an easy thing a format right. But congress gets involved when they have to after the trigger certain amounts so I think what’s gonna happen as the Pentagon is going to shift accounts from let’s. I think what we’ve heard is mean his meaning is eighty counts and a shift increments between 30000000 and forty million dollars so that they don’t trigger. Any congressional oversight and in that amount was going to be at up to the Q and have built. We’ve heard so far it in all there are tradeoffs to all of this as we’ve been hearing particularly from members of congress last John about that and a second but. Has the Pentagon identified yet what projects will lose that money to go into the wall do we know yet what the weapon crisis going to be. And I close yeah we heard from acting secretary Shanahan over the weekend when used flying back from Europe. Why is that he’s gonna have to get together with the joint staff to figure out exactly what program’s winningest these are from ths because the request is to a trillion conference DHS. Then they’re gonna match that up requirement that requirement with what. Do you. And then DOD is gonna look at where they can actually get the money from in the Milken military articles are your reporting this and we’re talking months. This is a word and a new ground is broken to build water they say this is going to be a very lengthy process even if there were no lawsuits which potentially there will be. We’re talking about a very lengthy process in terms of lining up where the money’s coming from. How you gonna shifted around and then be warning. Contract itself so it’s not now nor close very in the states Johnny Harris sixteen states are now suing the administration over this and that’s gonna run its course as well right and I’m curious it. You know. This is still playing out announced when he nineteen but the 220 election is is very much underway and I think it’s important to keep up locals for perspective on this that. Again this was president Trump’s signature campaign promise in 2016. And you’re now seeing it seeing Gordon great lengths of trying to get done as interest into a lot of Democrats now running for president come law Harris calls supporter all vanity project. You’re gonna see them start to counter message on this and I think this fight is only gonna bring this even more and to answer. Campaign south and John Parkinson before we let you go we know members of congress are back in their districts this is a holiday week for them in Washington they’re back Kara Monday but. A lot of them have been hearing from constituents Republicans and Democrats in military. Heavy districts. About where this money is going there’s a lot of concern out there for members. Yeah I think that there is definitely a lot of concern from members on how many of their own projects are going to be. You know essentially rated for this money. Today we have speaker closely on the border with congressman Joaquin Castro teller a note and they’re going to be examining more of these border checkpoints and and seen the impact of the legislation that they just passed plus he said that so far she’s not heard any formal. Request to reprogram any money from the Defense Department. And at this point. You know with them beyond reassess I think that there’s just a lot of staff briefings happening right now and this is really gonna kick off. On Monday when discuss the rules committee this bill that they filed. Plus he does say that this is just you know the first attempt that they’re gonna take she’s got five committees of jurisdiction they’re looking at ways to undo this funding. And so I think that this is just merely the first punch we’ll see from house Democrats and the continue to balance in the months ahead legislatively and then also in the courts. You know big battle ahead to get that border wall started before point 18 apartments and the White House thanks so much have a good weekend Willie Martinez. Great to see you in person thank you have a good weekend as well let’s shift gears a on the topic of immigration. How we are talking about the border while the president also talking about those migrants coming across in the families that are coming across a big lawsuit is underway right now. In California over the separation of those families that are brought into United States the ACLU. Has sued to trump administration in San Diego federal court they at a hearing yesterday. Over the separation of those children any new report out. That thousands more children have been separated from their parents than we originally were led to believe Johnny guests and struck much when he twenty this is another explosive issue this court case puts the spotlight and it absolutely and you saw this. Come a major campaign issue 122 and a major political liability. For the president I think that this report is only going to you don’t raise more questions in this I’m sick of me a lot more concern album the more and more information comes out. Yet he president eight months ago signed an executive order ending the practice a lot of speculation. And it’s still actually taking place or one bring in our guests to join us from Al troll Lotto. An advocacy group this is attorney Carol and Donahue. Who has been working on the private side of things to help reunite parents and their children who were separated in this practice Carol angry to see you thank you so much for joining us. I did want to get your take on the state of play right now with this practice with this lawsuit. What’s your sense of of what more needs to be done to get these kids back with their parents. Well obviously. Green would like to see all of the counties. Get justice who were separated. And we believe as the judge said yesterday that the fundamental premise that the law. And it was an unlawful. Separation. And we’ve not clear that I’m not a separation we would all we are right now. And now. And class to include all the people that apparently. We’re not included before as we find out every day and there are even more recently separated. The Dow will cause. The ability to burdensome for the government to actually rectifier arena reunify. The east Athens. And if the government actually has made very little effort. To reunify it happens to find the people that hear that they are deported. And it has been mostly. Nonprofit. And advocacy groups that sounds now he raised money to act. How to go into dangerous remote areas to find these batteries. And it’s acting lieutenant green and it’s ridiculous for the government now saying it’s too much of the burden. To undo what they did in the first place. Yet the judge in this case art excoriated. The government over this practice. Com and to take a step back from which are seeing Carroll land just in to remind people this federal court case. It’s actually been underway for some time to judge ordered the government to effectively reunite all children that were taken. Since the zero policy. I tolerance policy began in 2017 but what you’ve pointed out is that there’s a new study out that this began well before its when he seventeen and there are thousands more children. Who were never addressed. The judge is now considering whether to include them. In in her order what what are you doing what is your group doing to help reunite these families. Well honestly. We have done Amman where on the grounds. As things stand going to. Remote areas and Guatemala Honduras. I’m sound or are working with justice in motion and in those countries to locate and Aaron. Identify seaspan needs to get declarations to find out. What exactly happened when they came here to the United States how they were treated how they were separated. It should be noted we’ve done FOIA requests. Freedom of Information Act requests for these families and we’ve gotten back. Very little information on what actually happened when they were separated there will be. Response for the parent but there’s no indication that they came with a child so it’s clear that the government did not in any way. Take measures to ensure that these families if they were separated once they were separate with and get the united. Wow what a what a huge mess and painful as the FA CLU attorney said yesterday. We’re talking about children who could be permanently orphaned. If they are reunited which is just sort of a stunning enough plot. Before we let you go Carol and it didn’t give us a sense of what the biggest challenge is in this process as it. Is it is it tracking isn’t isn’t simply the language barrier is that the name getting matching the names of the fact that there’s no system in place how do you. How do you bridge that divide. Well and again the challenge should not be on it should be on in government because they’re the ones who Constance. Problem in the first place. We. Raised. Over a million dollars through together Rai singer crowd funding source. To be able to locate these families got money is nearly gone we don’t know that we would how the money. Just fine to locate these other families and apparently. We’re also a separated. So. The bird and and and and also another thing obviously the government has not. Active in that phase we putting petitions for family members economy back to be returned to the United States. On December 15 the government has thirty days to respond. And their response yesterday was basically. It was Burton’s I’m happy spam. Shouldn’t have to then Aaron another bird witches. Apply for humanitarian parole. Fine fiscal sponsors. If these are people who have been identified. Class members repetition should be returned and now they let this happen burden on Yahoo!. Families who you know who again who were coming from dangerous situations. Rural areas a lot of them aren’t rare language. Carolina Donohue with the L ultra Lotto organization which is helping reunite parents and children separated. As a result of the trump administration zero tolerance policy at the border. Carolyn thanks so much for joining it’s important to hear your perspective and keep a spotlight on this very important story. I shifting gears now to some new developments happening out of Virginia we’ve spent a lot of time Johnny talking here in the briefing room. About those set incredibly dramatic. The developments at though at the top of Virginia government over the past week. Now we’re learning that Republicans in the state the legislature Virginia Powell wanted to have a hearing on a lieutenant governor told us what we know now about what’s happening with just in Fairfax threats we’re only you know cup. Weeks removed from all three top democratic officials in Virginia just being completely embroiled in scandal. These new developments have to do with lieutenant governor just in Fairfax in the two women who have come out and accused him of sexual assault. Republicans in the state legislature now say they want to hold hearings about this and they invited the two woman to cut to come forward and testify in the general assembly. One of them has accepted an invitations but now in the meantime governor is coming out saying this is political theater the Democrats in the Virginia legislature saying. You know this is just gamesmanship and and get on this isn’t the best way to do this so. It’s really you know there’s there’s a lot of uncertainty going forecast let’s. Meanwhile all three men still have their jobs including and its attorney general. Mark hearing let’s take a listen today to the comments and announcing this new development to hold a hearing much like beeper cabin on Larry. On Capitol Hill here for the Supreme Court are around these sexual assault allegations as is the Republican committee chairman. Effectively the State’s Judiciary Committee that would hold this hearing tickle us. It’s been more than two weeks. Since doctor finesse that Tyson. Miss Meredith Watson made very specific. And detailed allegations that they had been sexually assaulted Billiton and governor just in Fairfax I think it’s appropriate. To make a statement about future plans. So announced today. The courts of justice committee will schedule a meeting where we will invite doctor Tyson miss Watson to testify. We will also be inviting lieutenant governor Fairfax the testified. This would give all parties a chance to be hurt. So another political spectacle sure to play out very soon we’re bringing our correspondents acrid key issue spent a lot of time reporting down. In Virginia joins us now from New York sacker great to see is so. What do you make of this new turn and you know I guess one question I have is in unit to get a lot of reporting on the victims. Where’s the criminal aspect of this is as it is this just pure politics. Well it’s it’s. Being called a political stunt right I mean assisted with gonna happen here is is these women are gonna go into this this public. Arena it will be broadcast will be of the see it happen live. And they’re gonna say some some really awful things about the lieutenant governor and went the lieutenant governor has has said from the beginning at least in the conversations that I’ve had with. With his team is that they want this to happen. In a criminal form so whether that’s the attorney general of the police department in North Carolina or Massachusetts where these incidents happened. They believed that is the proper. Venue to to to to flush these things out and get to the bottom of it. At bear in mind this we are in a beyond the seriousness certainly the seriousness of these allegations. We are in a climate right now where. These are really difficult questions to ask certainly in light of the need to movement and the questions of Fairfax camp has been asking is. Do these legislators do they have the background of they have the training to they have the poised. Two to ask these questions and do it in a way that actually. Pushes this thing forward they don’t believe. That’s can it be the case. And it will be interesting to see. What actually happened. Yeah remember that compare herbal hearing here in the nation’s capital with Brent Cavanaugh then a candidate for the Supreme Court the Republicans Johnny Harris hired a sex crimes prosecutor from Arizona and come in and do the questioning to Zachary sport now and nothing I do want people to remember this case is that. Fairfax. Has been represented now for awhile now by the exact same law firm that bright talent hired during his hearings and one of his accusers. Is employing the same law firm that doctor Christian policy forward. Our during her hearing so this is there the parallels between now aren’t credible. And Sargent Akron it’s a very important point that you know this is an era where. The you know the American society is trying to figure out exactly how to litigate these claims and what’s the best way to investigate exactly obstruct by the fact. That this has now taken such a political turn in their early days of this story with when both the governor. Lieutenant governor attorney general all each had a embroiled in their own scandals they’re did seem to be. From afar are very bipartisan condemnation of each of them sort of unity in opposition to the behaviors and allegations that that were Brock but now. This does seem to be a politicized in a way that it hadn’t been initially. I mean legislated out there it’s it’s a convergence of events write to I’m out there in Richmond talking bout. The idea that Fairfax could be taking over for the governor right over four north them who was tied to these. Black face photos and just like that these allegations started to surface. At some point. The second one came out in essentially we got here but to your point. The governor of Virginia has been adamant that he is staying even his tone suggested. He feels like he’s on a bridge over troubled water he was supposed to be out. Out in the community this week part of his racial reconciliation to work. That stopped was canceled as a relates to Fairfax I mean he has. A lot of of issues that he needs to address certainly there was a call for he is impeachment. They walk that back but in many ways this is like the first stage. Of impeachment proceeding they’re gonna flush this thing out. And you gotta remember. At every level certainly this thing started with race. And it even in this moment I think there’s a lot of people wondering if the treatment of Fairfax is in any way related to raise I think a lot of people are asking if he gets due process. No request you will be interesting to see if he’s afforded that right that opportunity. In this platform. Her attacker quiche thanks so much and really important thoughts we know you keep on the reporting probably be back down there Virginia soon enough about it that spectacle does unfolds after thinks every weekend. I’m of one today whipped up a look ahead to next week it’s going to be an epic week here Washington and across the globe in Vietnam as president trump. Prepares to hold his second historic summit with the leader of North Korea this time taking place in Hanoi Vietnam eight months after the first Johnny. We will hear in a second from sir Sanders in her expectations for this meaning but let’s remind everybody. The momentous events that are going to take place on the same day next week. It’s not just a summit here in Washington that will keep our us. Are absolutely I mean I think we all remember they just incredible spectacle was the first meeting between trump and Kim Jong-un. And trump has repeatedly sort of you know praise and as a leader in sad that you know he’s someone like a great relationship with. So you know there have obviously been developments in between what you see that that this really I think president trump wants this to be a legacy. Things for him and I think that that this neighbor has seen this next meaning exactly where the progress is. Infatuated with the Nobel Peace Prize we understand but also I was alluding to. The hearing with Michael Cohen the full board president that’s our personal attorney I just can’t I can’t remember all that although I think there. Proud of him he will recall testifying publicly on Wednesday asked the president’s meeting with Kim Jong-un hosted by the Democrats here in capital and also a little bit of counter programming. And so but speaking of expectations you talked about a the president has high expectations are Sanders at the bar just a little bit lower let’s take us. We’re continuing to back and have these conversations. And as a president has sent we’ll see what happens. We’re taking this one step at a time or continue to see positive progress. And we think that’s a good thing but we’re we’re not going to be night in the process. We know we have a long way to go we’re gonna continue moving Florida. As things are going allow parents. All right continue going forward as things are going well whatever that means that we know that the president. Looking forward to that triple we’ve jarred just learning here at ABC news’ from sources close to the Mueller investigations something else we have been watching for next week. That that delivery of Robert Muller’s report to the Justice Department is now not expected to happen among the president is out of the country so. Still. A few weeks out from June delivery that big moment. How we’ll have full coverage of the president’s summit here on ABC news live hope you join me I’ll be anchoring coverage. How will be all night long as the president moment by moment encounters that the North Korean leader. And what agreements might be on the table we will find out have a terrific cast of reporters. Traveling to the region as wells hope you stay with us. Johnny great to have you here in the briefing room couple times this week hoping have a great weekend and Devin Dwyer Washington with Synnex. Yeah.
This transcript has been automatically generated and may not be 100% accurate.
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Depuy Hip Recall Continues To Patients’ Dismay
Newsome | Melton > Newsome Law Blog > Defective Medical Devices > DePuy Hip Recall Continues To Patients’ Dismay
We recently reported on Johnson & Johnson’s worldwide recall of DePuy ASR hip replacements. Since the report, a number of articles have mentioned an increasing incidence of lawsuits against the company. The recall began after the National Joint Registry of England and Wales reported that one eighth of all patients with the hip replacement had to suffer repeated surgery to make adjustments to the device within five years of receiving it. A News Inferno article reports that over 93,000 people around the world have received the recalled implants.
Lawsuits have now been filed in federal courts in New Jersey and California, and in a California state court as well. At least one, and likely more, patients have had the recalled hip implants removed, but have not yet received replacements and have been left unable to walk. More lawsuits are expected to arise as the recall proceeds, the article noted.
A PR Web release added that approximately 11,000 people with the recalled implants will require at least one further hip replacement surgery. The release alleges, “DePuy manufactured a defective product, failed to warn patients and doctors of problems with it and negligence in designing, manufacturing and selling the hip replacement systems.” The criticized design defect involves metal on metal abrasion that can result in debris that leads to inflammation and other internal damage.
Another PR Web report said that the FDA received over 400 complaints before Johnson & Johnson initiated the recall. The article noted that, “most major joint replacement surgery centers have also experienced issues with the hip replacement systems.” Lawsuits against the company allege that they had prior knowledge of device dysfunction and failure long before recalling the devices and that they failed to warn consumers of potential dangers, a Lawyers and Settlements article said.
News Inferno Staff. (September 8, 2010) “Johnson & Johnson DePuy ASR Hip Implant Recall Sparks Lawsuits.” Retrieved on September 8, 2010 from the News Inferno website: http://www.newsinferno.com/archives/23794
PR Web Staff. (September 3, 2010) “DePuy ASR Hip Recall News Devastates Tens of Thousands of Older Americans.” Retrieved on September 8, 2010 from the PR Web website: http://www.prweb.com/releases/depuy/hip-recall/prweb4463624.htm
PR Web Staff. (September 8, 2010) “DePuy Hip Recall Provided Somber Labor Day Weekend News for Unfortunate Hip Replacement Patients with the DePuy ASR Replacement Hip.” Retrieved on September 8, 2010 from the PR Web website: http://www.prweb.com/releases/prwebdepuy/hip-recall/prweb4477034.htm
Turner, Heidi. (September 8, 2010) “DePuy Hip Devices Recalled.” Retrieved on September 8, 2010 from the Lawyers and Settlements website: http://www.lawyersandsettlements.com/articles/14932/depuy-orthopaedics-implants-hip-5.html
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DePuy Announces Voluntary Recall Of ASR Hip Replacements
defective hip replacementDePuylawsuitRecall
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Homeentertainment news
Amityville: The Awakening (2015) Upcoming Hollywood Movie | Release Date 01/02/2015
byNewstechcafe - 12:21:00
Readers Much awaited Hollywood Horror Movie Amityville: The Awakening is going to be released in 01/02/2015 so we are sharing you story ,concept and Star Cast of the Movie. Watch it and enjoy this Horror movie in cinema...........
Story Summary of Amityville: The Awakening:-
A single mother moves with her three children into a new house in order to save money when strange phenomena begin to take place. Soon, they realize they have moved into the infamous Amityville house.
Movie Review :- One of history's most famous haunted houses casts a long shadow in My Amityville Horror, Eric Walter's tantalizing doc about the eldest of the three siblings who shared that storied abode, Daniel Lutz. Whether seen as an investigation of the occult, a portrait of a deeply troubled man, or something in between, the canny and stylishly shot film has a broad enough appeal to justify a limited theatrical run before what should be a leggy video career.
Lutz speaks publicly for the first time here, having viewed his indirect fame as "an unfortunate gift" hovering over him for nearly four decades since the experiences that spawned the bestseller The Amityville Horror and its film adaptation. Now a UPS driver living in Queens, New York, he's undeniably haunted by something, be it ghosts or the memory of a stepfather he would have done anything to escape.
Walter's film initially looks like a credulous, creepy account of the extreme phenomena -- levitating beds, a plague of flies, a garage door with a mind of its own -- Lutz claims to have witnessed, and does a fine job in this mode. Given horror cinema's long-running infatuation with documentary style, it's easy to imagine fright fans embracing the real thing.
But the more we watch Lutz, who seethes at the memory of his mother's second husband George and carries a Long Island-sized chip on his shoulder when questioned about ghosts, the more we wonder how reliable his memory is. His stepfather, we're told here, had an interest in the occult long before moving to 112 Ocean Avenue (though he denied it at the time); could the supernatural be a convenient mental peg to replace memories of a different kind of domestic torment?
Walter interviews mental health professionals who clearly think so, but he also spends time with the journalists and paranormalists who covered the Amityville story in the first place. Though skeptical to varying degrees, many recount experiences they had in the house that defy easy explanation.
Lutz is a highly engaging subject who only becomes more fascinating as the doc progresses, but Walter's most colorful supporting character is Lorraine Warren, the "demonologist" who investigated the house in 1976. Now in her eighties, the true believer keeps roosters inside her house and has a basement stuffed with supernatural artifacts. Even viewers who wouldn't believe in ghosts if one tapped them on the shoulder will be fascinated to watch Warren and Lutz sharing a reverent moment with what she swears is a splinter of the cross Jesus died on.
Star Cast of Amityville: The Awakening (2015) Upcoming Hollywood Movie :-
Cameron Monaghan as James
Jennifer Jason Leigh as Joan
Bella Thorne as Belle
Taylor Spreitler as Actor
Kurtwood Smith as Actor
Thomas Mann as Actor
Hunter Goligoski asJustin
Mckenna Grace as Juliet
Genre :- Horror
Production Companies: Lost Witness Pictures, LLC, Film Regions International, Inc.
Director-Editor: Eric Walter
Producers: Andrea Adams, John Blythe, Eric Walter
Executive producers: Ronald Puleio, Michael S. Russo
Director of photography: Charlie Anderson
Music: Herman Witkam
No rating, 88 minutes
Tags entertainment news Upcoming Tv Shows
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Cassandro, the Exotico
Latin American Docs • 1h 17m
Directed by Marie Losier • Documentary • 2018 • 73 minutes
This stirring feature portrait of lucha libre star Cassandro in his waning years in the ring is less a swan song than a meteor shower rendered in Technicolor. Famed as much for his flamboyant drag and sky-high pompadour as for his show-stopping kicks and flips, Cassandro’s trailblazing ascent as one the industry’s first openly gay wrestlers has resonated internationally for a quarter century. Marie Losier captures the moving, at times humorous, and always colorful dualities of this legendary figure with her talent for forging intimacy with a subject while celebrating his individuality broadly. Cassandro, a prize-winning fighter who reinvented a staunchly macho sport, exudes resilience of all kinds—from the physical power to leave his opponents KOed to an ability to revisit past trauma and cope with the scars of a body pushed to its limits. Cassandro’s story—of an underdog and a queer icon, simultaneously fragile and mighty—is ever more evocative as it unfolds on both sides of the Mexican-American border. Losier’s signature 16mm filming melds tender encounters and larger-than-life fight scenes into a stylish whole that reflects the vivid textures and hues of a dazzling life in sport.
Up Next in Latin American Docs
Away from Meaning (Lejos del sentido)
Directed by Olivia Luengas • Documentary • 2020 • 88 minutes
When Liliana was three years old, she suffered from viral encephalitis. As a consequence, she began to experience borderline personality disorder years later. Along with her family, she devotes herself to managing and coping with emoti...
The Battle of Chile (Part 1)
Directed by Patricio Guzman • Documentary • 1975 • 96 minutes
On September 11, 1973, President Salvador Allende's democratically elected Chilean government was overthrown in a bloody coup by General Augusto Pinochet's army. Patricio Guzmán and five colleagues had been filming the political devel...
Directed by Petra Costa • Documentary • With Petra Costa, Elena Andrade • 2012 • 80 minutes
Elena, a young Brazilian woman, travels to New York with the same dream as her mother, to become a movie actress. She leaves behind her childhood spent in hiding during the years of the military dictators...
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Review - Dragonstorm #2
"Get ready. We still have trouble coming."
Unstoppable Comics is throwing a lot in front of its characters, presenting them as perhaps even unstoppable themselves. Dragonstorm is one such character in the self-titled book Dragonstorm #2 from Unstoppable Comics. The issue is written and lettered by Jaydee Rosario, illustrated by Craig Shephard and colored by Michael Summers.
After escaping a deadly trap full of ninjas, Dragonstorm and Lyllian continue their escape in the night to safety. Before the night is over secrets will be revealed and Lyllian’s lessons will begin, starting with finding out where the dragon magic comes from. Lyllian is still attempting to reconcile the sudden infatuation floods of ninjas have with her, forcing her to spend more time with Dragonstorm to learn even more about her storied past.
Rosario continues to delve deeper into Lyllian's strange place in history. There's also a lot of ninjas and Dragonstorm is keen on exploiting her abilities in an effort to save her life. She's a little reluctant to accept her fate, but Rosario insists that she train in order to fully unlock her potential. The story itself isn't exactly treading new ground, but there is a healthy amount of ninjas that keep things interesting. The issue follows Dragonstorm and Lyllian as they're on the run, peppering in some of where Dragonstorm's abilities come from as Lyllian is shocked at the present situation. It's a little clunky in terms of its presentation and there are a few typos here and there that hurt the overall flow of the book.
Shephard's art is actually pretty solid. Panel layouts are staggered and varied, keeping things in a seemingly amorphous fashion. Characters are illustrated with fairly simple anatomy and the combat sequences are handled with aplomb. There's a lot of action in the book and the kinetic energy of the characters is displayed very well for the reader to fully take in the action occurring in the book. There's little attention paid to backgrounds and setting, with Shephard instead relying to let the characters carry the story.
Dragonstorm #2 gives the reader more insight into the relationship between Dragonstorm and Lyllian. It's a lot more complicated than it appears on the surface and Lyllian has a lot of potential she can tap into once she actually starts listening to Dragonstorm. It's a pretty classic mentor/reluctant mentee stories, but Dragonstorm is more than capable of handling his own against the waves of ninjas. Business is definitely starting to pick up, and readers interested in action-packed books with checkered pasts might want to check out Dragonstorm #2.
Dragonstorm #2 is available now via the Unstoppable Comics website.
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OpenACC and Base Language Parallelism
When OpenACC 3.0 was released in November 2019 the most exciting feature, in my opinion at least, is actually one that might easily be overlooked: updating our base languages. If you’re not familiar with this term, the base languages are the programming languages we, as a directive-based parallel programming model, support, namely C, C++, and Fortran. When we released OpenACC 1.0 in November of 2011 the most important programming languages in scientific and high performance computing were C99, C++98, and Fortran 2003. In the 8 years that followed, these programming languages moved forward, but our support for the new features in these languages did not. This is significant, when you consider that each of these languages added features to natively support parallel programming. Since much of the development of OpenACC comes from our interactions with OpenACC users, we were often fielding questions about C++ lambdas, C++ parallel algorithms, and Fortran DO CONCURRENT loops, but until we updated our support for these languages we had no way to even begin discussing these language features.
So how does a specification like OpenACC begin to support new programming language features? It’s easy: we list every new feature as unsupported and move our language references forward! Of course, this isn’t very satisfying, since programmers are no better off than they were before, so the next step is to look at each restricted feature, determine whether changes are needed to support that feature, and then lift that restriction as we deem it safe to do so. Some language features require no real effort on our part (I’m looking at you C++ auto keyword) and some will require a lot of effort to fully support. The important thing though is that we now have the ability to discuss these new features and how to support and/or interoperate with them. With this in mind, I’d like to discuss some new features that we’re actively discussing and ask that you provide feedback on their importance and direction.
C++ Parallel Algorithms
C++17 is a really exciting language for parallel programmers. It built on the foundation set in C++11 with lambdas and Standard Template Library (STL) abstractions by adding execution policies that enable developers to express potential parallelism in their code. Take, for instance, the following implementation of a standard “axpy” operation.
#include <cstddef>
#include <execution>
template <typename T>
void axpy(std::size_t N, T a, T* X, T* Y)
std::transform(std::execution::par_unseq, X, X+N, Y, Y,
[=](float x, float y){
return y + a*x;
In this example, we’re using a variety of C++ features to write concise, maintainable code. The std::transform function takes an execution policy, in this case std::execution::par_unseq, the starting and ending points of our arrays, and a lambda, which captures our input and output values and calculates our results. A sophisticated compiler might run this code in parallel, potentially on CPU threads, or a GPU, or some other interesting device. In fact, some compilers have already begun supporting operations like these on modern GPUs. One can look at this example and begin to imagine a world wherein C++ has everything needed to run effectively on any parallel (or serial) processor without directives; it’s the ultimate sort of portability. So, we don’t need OpenACC at all, right? Well, maybe.
So what’s missing in the above example? The developer has expressed potential parallelism to the compiler, but that’s just one piece of the puzzle. What if the code needs to run on a device with discrete memory? There’s nothing here to express the locality of the data. What if I want to run this loop on a particular processor in my machine and another loop on another? Hmm, there’s nothing expressing compute locality or dependencies between different regions either. What if I want to give the compiler more information on how to tune the execution to a particular processor of interest? Sorry, I can’t really do that either. Fortunately, OpenACC has solutions to all of these problems, but we need to define the interplay between C++ language-level parallelism and OpenACC directives carefully to ensure that we don’t paint the poor programmer into a corner.
One possible solution to defining this interaction between C++ and OpenACC parallelism is to make this interoperability opt-in. With the above example, one can imagine adding a data region around the code to express the data locality for that region. Since both the OpenACC and the C++ parallel algorithms code are visible to the compiler, a compiler might choose to use the OpenACC device data and execute the C++ parallel algorithms operation on the device, but what if the data region isn’t visible to the compiler because it is higher in the call stack (a common optimization)? How might a compiler know that the data exists and use that information to determine whether to parallelize the code and where to run it? Instead, perhaps it would be better for the developer to opt in to OpenACC interoperability by using a special execution policy, like the code below. Such a policy would inform the compiler that the programmer wishes to have the code parallelized and that it should exist in the OpenACC execution and data model. In other words, treat it like a traditional acc parallel loop in regards to the data and where to execute the code.
#include <openacc.h>
#pragma acc data copyin(X) copy(y)
std::transform(openacc::parallel, X, X+N, Y, Y,
Now this isn’t ideal, since now the code relies on an execution policy that is not specified in the C++ language itself, which limits portability to an extent, but C++ provides ways to abstract this such that the non-portable code can be minimized. When building with an OpenACC compiler the OpenACC execution policy will be used, otherwise another will be used. The ability to opt-in (or out) of the OpenACC execution model and the data presence checking like this likely carries enough benefits to outweigh the portability concerns, at least until we can gather more data from real applications using this feature.
One open question with this approach is how to best interact with asynchronous queues. Although C++ executors may eventually solve this problem, they are still several years away. I’ll propose the following as one possible solution to that problem, but I encourage you to provide feedback and your own suggestions on how best to solve these interactions.
// Launch work asynchronously into queue 1
std::transform(openacc::parallel_async<1>, X, X+N, Y, Y,
// Do some unrelated work
acc_wait(1); // Synchronize with queue 1
Fortran 2018
The news of Fortran’s death is greatly exaggerated. Fortran is still a vital language in HPC and not just with “dusty deck” codes, but with modern codes that are still under active development. Many of OpenACC’s greatest success stories come from Fortran applications, so it’s important that we keep up with recent standards. Fortran 2008 added and Fortran 2018 extended the DO CONCURRENT construct. This construct provides an alternative syntax to DO loops, which provides additional assurances to the compiler about its ability to run the iterations in any order. Although it’s not perfect, this construct can simplify finding parallelism by the compiler. In addition to DO CONCURRENT, Fortran has long supported array operations that compilers may be able to parallelize (the matmul operation, for instance). One thing that DO CONCURRENT lacks, however, is loop-level reductions, which are widely-used in OpenACC codes. Dr. Fortran (Steve Lionel) promised at FortranCon 2020, however, that these will be coming in the next version of Fortran (dubbed Fortran 202X), so perhaps we’ll soon be able to write standard Fortran without directives too.
Like C++ though, expressing the parallelism in an algorithm is just one piece of the puzzle. Even if we assume that we can write all parallelizable loops using DO CONCURRENT and a compiler will be able to parallelize them, expressing data and compute locality, task-based asynchronous operations, and interoperability with native programming models, like CUDA, all fall outside of the realm of the language. So, for the time being, I expect that directives will remain necessary, even in light of DO CONCURRENT support in a compiler. In the example below, notice that OpenACC’s directives are added to a DO CONCURRENT loop in the same way they would have been for a standard DO loop. Is this the right approach to modern Fortran? As with C++, the jury is still out, but I suspect some mixture of OpenACC data and compute directives will remain necessary for the foreseeable future.
subroutine saxpy(N, a, X, Y)
integer,intent(in) :: N
real(4),dimension(N),intent(in) :: X
real(4),dimension(N),intent(inout) :: Y
real(4),intent(in) :: a
integer :: i
!$acc parallel loop copyin(X) copy(Y) async(1)
do concurrent (i=1:N)
Y(i) = Y(i) + a * X(i)
end subroutine
If you’re interested in learning more about my opinions on modern Fortran and OpenACC, I’ll point you to a talk I gave recently at FortranCon2020.
General Language Modernization
The primary focus so far has been on how best to define interactions between OpenACC parallelism and language-level parallelism. There are other interesting features in these languages that we may want to begin supporting in the OpenACC specification. For instance, our runtime API currently supports a C interface and a more limited Fortran interface. C++ users are limited to using the C interface, which lacks both namespacing and function overloading, among other things. It may be desirable to provide a C++-first API as well to avoid polluting the global namespace and to allow more generic function names. It’s certainly something we can do, but should we? Similarly, the Fortran interface has certain holes for any API routines that require device pointers, as these aren’t a Fortran-native idea. I’m personally aware of several applications that had to work around these missing routines by writing their own Fortran bindings. Recent versions of Fortran allow us to revisit these routines and potentially create a more Fortran-native API that includes the complete functionality of the C API. I believe this shortcoming is one we more clearly need to correct, but I’d like to hear from our users on what it should look like.
Somewhat related to this is the addition of attribute syntax in the C++ language. Attributes, as the name implies, allow the programmer to attach certain attributes to data structures and constructs. I can imagine that had C++ attributes existed when OpenACC 1.0 was designed, perhaps the `declare` directive would have been unnecessary in C++, as one could have attached its arguments to a variable using an attribute instead. But, at the same time, just because we can move some of our pragmas to attributes, should we? Arguably, there’s no new functionality, only a duplication of existing functionality using a new syntax. Do attributes really provide something greater than using the existing pragmas? We’ve consulted with a variety of C++ experts and the verdict is clearly split on this one. Take the example below. The attribute-based version is a pseudocode example of how someone might declare a variable with create and the pragma-based version is how someone might do it today.
double A[N];
#pragma acc declare create(A(0:N))
double A[N] [[openacc::declare_create]];
So, clearly one could replace some of our C++ pragmas with attributes, but is there any real value here to warrant the additional changes both to the specification and to the compilers? The jury is still out, so I’d encourage you to give us your opinion.
In the Fortran realm, I’ve only mentioned DO CONCURRENT so far, as this is the language feature with the most significant overlap with OpenACC. Another really significant feature in Fortran2018 that we’ve not yet addressed is co-arrays. Co-arrays are a Partitioned Global Address Space (PGAS) programming model, in which I can use a special syntax on my Fortran arrays to add dimensions that exist on other processors. These other processes are known as images in Fortran speak and my image can read from and write to the data on other images. This functionality is useful both on distributed memory machines, potentially replacing MPI or SHMEM, or even shared memory machines to handle things like NUMA. This adds even more complexity to our Fortran story, however, and right now we completely disallow the use of Fortran co-arrays with OpenACC features. We’d love to lift these restrictions, but there’s a lot of questions still to be answered. For instance, should we restrict data clauses to data on the local image or possibly data on other images? Should you be allowed to access data from another image within a compute construct? Can all possible hardware platforms support such a thing? Interactions with co-arrays is probably the single most complex unanswered question between OpenACC and Fortran and it’s not one we’ll be able to solve quickly. As with everything I’ve presented so far, if you have an interesting use case that we should consider, please reach out to us.
This post is a snapshot in time to give some idea of what the OpenACC committee is looking at with regards to modern C++ and Fortran. This is also a request for feedback. OpenACC strives to be user-driven, adding things our users need and not adding things for the sake of doing something new. Adding features simply for the sake of having something new isn’t particularly productive and your feedback is one way we measure the need for new capabilities.
C++ and Fortran are now both parallel programming languages, so what does that mean for directive-based parallel programming models? It’s our hope that eventually everything that you can write in OpenACC you will be able to write using native-language parallelism without the need for directives at all. With this in mind, the OpenACC committee has been working even more closely with the language standards bodies to ensure better cross pollination and knowledge sharing. As we begin to define how we interoperate with these parallel programming languages, we need to be mindful of what gaps we’re already filling, what gaps no longer need filling, and whether any new gaps have emerged. If you have any feedback on what I’ve written here, I encourage you to send an email to feedback@openacc.org. What challenges are you facing in your parallel programming and how can we help you address them?
Jeff Larkin
Jeff Larkin is a Senior Developer Technologies Software Engineer at NVIDIA Corporation, where he focuses primarily on porting and optimizing HPC applications. Jeff is an active contributor to the OpenACC and OpenMP standards bodies and is the Chair of the OpenACC Technical Committee. Prior to joining NVIDIA, Jeff worked in the Cray Supercomputing Center of Excellence. He holds a M.S. in Computer Science from the University of Tennessee and a B.S. in Computer Science from Furman University.
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Scientific Program Manager (HIV Vaccine Regulatory experience) – NIH –
Kelly Government Solutions is a strategic supplier and business partner to the federal government and its key suppliers. Through our partnership with the National Institutes of Health, Kelly Government Solutions offers administrative, IT, engineering, scientific, and healthcare professionals the opportunity to work with the leading medical research center in the world. We are currently seeking a Scientific Program Manager with HIV Vaccine Regulatory expertise to work onsite with the National Institutes of Health in Rockville, MD.
This is a long-term contract position which offers:
– Competitive compensation and comprehensive benefit package
– Optional health, vision, and dental plans
– Vacation leave as well as 10 paid federal holidays and 401K plan
– Access to NIH’s unparalleled resources and niche scientific initiatives
TASKS: The contractor shall:
Work with federal staff responsible for GMP product development of vaccines for infectious diseases, including the production of investigational products that are identified as strong candidates to move from a preclinical to clinical phase.
Participate as a team member in a group composed of different staffing areas including scientific/technical roles, project management, regulatory affairs, quality assurance, contracts and finance.
Participate in the development of vaccines and adjuvants, assisting in the authoring the Chemistry, Manufacturing and Controls and Toxicology sections of Investigational New Drug submissions, providing protocol and Investigator Brochure review, and assisting in providing oversight of Contract Manufacturing Organizations.
Assist in the evaluation and propose appropriate toxicity studies and models for products intended to be studied as vaccines.
Coordinate with Quality, Regulatory and Technical team members for health regulatory compliance.
Provide regulatory advice and recommendations to the Project Lead for manufacturing projects and pre-clinical studies.
Assist the team with impact/risk assessment from issues, failures and deviations during manufacturing and pre-clinical studies.
Prepare technical reports, updates and summaries for internal meetings with Division Management.
Perform site-visits of CMOs at kick-off or during critical project execution stages or for troubleshooting as requested by the POC.
Review, GMP manufacturing batch records, SOPS, deviation reports, etc.
Participate with Team members to track product stability reports with respect to stability timepoints, review the product stability protocol for consistency and completeness, ensure that the stability program matches the requirement per the project Statement of Work, review stability Certificate of Analysis and/or Stability reports/data for out of specification testing results, issue the Shelf Life Extension document after reviewing of the stability report.
Assist in the preparation and review of regulatory documents including pre-IND materials, and IND, as required.
Prepare oral and written presentations for internal and external programmatic and scientific meetings.
Participate in on site audits of vendors.
REQUIREMENTS: The contractor must have:
Minimum of Bachelor’s degree in Biology, Life Sciences or other related discipline.
Experience in product development of vaccines for infectious diseases, specifically HIV.
Experience with viral and/or bacterial vectors for specific use as HIV vaccines.
GMP knowledge and regulatory submission expertise based on work with HIV vaccines or other related infectious diseases.
Excellent written and oral communication and interpersonal skills.
Ability to work independently and as part of a team.
Excellent analytical, organizational, and time management skills.
Experience with Microsoft Office programs (Word, Excel, PowerPoint).
PLEASE APPLY ONLINE
When you apply, please know a Kelly Government Solutions Recruiter will review your resume and will contact you directly, if your skills and experience match the requirements of this position; a full job description can be made available at that time.
Due to the high volume of inquiries, we regret that we cannot accept phone calls. Even if you aren’t contacted for this position, you are still part of our talent network. All Kelly recruiters have access to your profile, which expands your opportunities even further.
As a specialty talent company, Kelly is committed to doing the right thing for our talent and clients. We stand up for equity, inclusion, fair treatment, and opportunity for all as these build the foundation of our Talent Promise. With a focus on safety, value, well-being, investment, and opportunity, Kelly’s Talent Promise confirms our commitment to those in search of a better way to work and live and to help discover what’s next.
It is obvious things are different than they were just a few months ago. Kelly is at the forefront of ensuring the safety of our employees in this new working environment. Be well and stay strong.
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Looking to connect with premier government agencies or the top 25 federal government contractors? Kelly® Government offers a variety of full-time, project (SOW), seasonal, and surge support opportunities in science, engineering, technical, professional, and administrative support roles. Our experts will find you the opportunity that fits your schedule and interests and handle the details of transferring and processing all levels of security clearances. It’s just another way we make the job search work for you.
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Job Title: Scientific Program Manager (HIV Vaccine Regulatory experience) – NIH –
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Second Look: Liver
If you take the time to love liver, liver will love you back.
By Sara Bir | May 2, 2016 | 4:20pm
The reason no one likes liver is because it tastes like liver. It doesn’t matter if it came from a chicken or a cow or a pig or a turkey. You cannot mistake liver for anything else.
But I never hated liver because I didn’t grow up with liver. We were not a liver family. I remember opening up the refrigerator shortly after Thanksgiving and seeing a quivering brown-red blob in a saucer. The thing was about the size of a baby’s fist and at first glance I hoped it was chocolate pudding, but a closer look proved me very wrong. “That’s the liver from the turkey,” Mom told me. “I saved it for the dog.”
My next liver encounter was more intimate, but equally cloaked. Our family was dining at a Western Sizzlin all-you-can-eat buffet, and I thrilled to see what I took for a pan of stuffing, which I heaped on my plate. But it wasn’t stuffing, and immediately after that initial clueless bite I ejected it into a paper napkin. It was fried chicken liver, crispy and golden on the outside and chewy-mealy-dense on the inside. How could anyone be so cruel? Why would anyone want to eat this crap? I went back for a new plate, clean and unmarred by the liver.
Me, as it turns out. Now a flawed and embittered grownup, I want that crap, because it’s the ultimate grownup food. I yearn for liver at a guttural level and luxuriate in its otherworldliness. It demands a clear presence of mind and cannot be consumed casually. It’s intense and scowly but also charming and a tad goofy, the Henry Rollins of offal.
Prometheus stole fire from the gods for the benefit of mankind, and as punishment Zeus had him chained to a rock and subjected him to an eternal cycle of an eagle dining on his liver at sunset; since Prometheus was a Titan and therefore immortal, his liver regenerated and became the eagle’s kibble for following day, and so on. Not his eyes and not his heart, but his liver. This would all still be going on for poor Prometheus had Hercules not saved him. The eagle, assumingly, is still bummed.
Fire and liver go together very well. A good, crusty surface contrasts its almost creamy interior, and flavor-wise liver can stand up to a smoky char. I have yet to break out liver kabobs at a summery backyard cookout, though. When people get wind of liver’s presence, they ultimately give you crap—especially if they are children, vegetarians, or just wusses—and that’s tedious. Insult my liver and you insult me.
I try to be forgiving to the many vociferous liver detractors out there, since I was one not long ago, back when my palate was naive and delicate. Also, I think we Americans are culturally conditioned to reject liver. Recall comely young Mia Farrow, pregnant with the spawn of Satan, eating raw liver in Rosemary’s Baby. See, liver isn’t just off-putting; it’s sinister! Raw strip steak just wouldn’t have had the same punch.
The meat we eat is often intramuscular; it has a grain, a familiar way of behaving, a familiar chew. But liver defies our expectations of what cooked flesh should be. In its raw form, when plopped on a cutting board, it undulates like a demonic gelatin mold. It even behaves differently on the stove, sputtering and popping no matter how well you first blot it with paper towels. The term “a flash in the pan” seems custom-devised for liver, because low and slow cooking does it no favors. Oh, you’ll see recipes for boiled liver if you look hard enough, but don’t. A quick glance at the liver recipes in Time Life’s Variety Meats installment of its “The Good Cook” series reveals a surprising diversity in liver preparations: there’s liver masala, Spanish braised liver with almond sauce, liver baked in German white wine, Finnish liver cakes, French truffled liver, Vietnamese curried chicken livers, and an old English liver and oatmeal pudding.
“Since medical authorities have found out that liver is rich in Vitamins A, B, and C, this delicacy has jumped in price by leaps and bounds, and today’s calf’s liver, which formerly used to be given away to ‘feed the cat,’ now fetches a high price.” This according to The Wise Encyclopedia of Cookery, published in 1948. Calf’s liver is still higher in price than other livers (save that of force-fed ducks and geese, which is really its own thing), and it’s my favorite for cooking as an entrée. Generally speaking, the larger an animal, the more livery its liver, and to illustrate this point I suggest you cook beef liver and calf’s liver side-by-side. Don’t cook the beef liver first, though, because its aroma will overtake your house and you’ll just give up on the whole exercise. Beef liver means business.
Compared to the other organs of an animal, the liver is huge. Usually it weighs about the same or more than the brain (this goes for humans, too). It job is to filter out toxins from blood exiting the digestive tract before it reenters the rest of the body. It also secretes bile, which the gallbladder stores for use in the digestive tract. Toxins, filter, and bile are all frequently cited jibes by those who avoid this nutrient-rich organ. Fair enough, which is why I buy chicken and pork liver from a local farmer. I imagine the livers of his livestock to be more like clean-eating Gwyneth Paltrows and the livers of factory farmed livestock to be more like Hunter S. Thompsons. Gwyneth is a champion of detoxification, so I figure her caliber of liver is good to have on your plate.
The livers of artic animals (polar bears, moose, walruses, seals) contain very high levels of vitamin A, as in “high enough that eating those livers can poison you,” but if you are eating polar bears, you have bigger problems than vitamin A poisoning. As for other animals—fish, fowl, furred—go for it. Liver is rich in other nutrients, and one serving packs over 150 percent of the recommended daily value of iron.
Liver is a willing canvass for culinary dexterity, because it needs to be paired with highly flavored and similarly aggressive foods in order to sin (see sage, bacon, mustard, fruit, vinegar, curry). The rote equation is creamy sweet crunchy + tart, and in the diner classic of liver and onions, you get the whole shebang. The griddled onions are sweet, a foil for the earthy liver, and if it’s done properly and the liver is dredged in flour before pan-frying, then the sauce (or gravy, as it were) cooked up immediately afterwards thickens itself from the starchy fond clinging to the base of the skillet.
The bigger the liver, the sharper the knife you’ll need. Livers of larger animals have an outer membrane that needs to be removed—peeled off, really—as well as interior tubes running through them that cook up tough and should be trimmed (if the liver is whole, you can simply loosen the outer meat with a knife and pull the tubes out through the end). In smaller animals, fowl in particular, there may be a gall bladder attached, or parts of one. Trim it off and discard it. You’ll know it’s a gall bladder because it’s the color of a blood clot you’ll think, “that does not look like it belongs here at all.”
For those who are neither scavenging wild dogs nor Rosemary, the ideal doneness for liver is brown on the outside, just pink on the inside. Bloody red on the inside is a no, and vomit gray on the inside is also a no. Thus, liver is best thinly sliced—half an inch thick or less is ideal. You can roast a beef, veal, pork, or lamb liver whole, but you’ll need a lot of people around to help you eat it, and that could take effort that’s better spent making another liver preparation with better keeping quality. I suggest pâté.
I turned 40 this month, and instead of having a big celebratory blowout, I decided to parcel it out in a yearlong series of indulgences. The first was to cook liver for dinner on my actual birthday, which fell on a Tuesday. Normally on a weeknight I’d make more family-friendly fare, because if there’s one thing I feel more strongly about than liver, it is the bitching and whining of my husband and kid. But you only turn 40 once, so I decided, fuck it: I’m going to make liver my way, for me, and everyone else can fend for themselves.
I started by rendering lardons of home-cured bacon and caramelizing onions in the fat. Then, in a different pan, I seared chicken livers in batches. The grease sputtered everywhere in a clumsy yet pervasive mist, reminding me why I had so many zits back when I was a line cook. But it was worth it. I deglazed the pan with chicken stock and red wine, then added the bacon, onions, and sautéed livers back to the pan while the sauce reduced and thickened. It was homely, gorgeous. I served it over polenta and rainbow chard and garnished it with toasted pine nuts. My daughter and husband ate hot dogs. The dog? Liver.
We didn’t do cake. I wouldn’t have been up for it, anyway. In essence, the liver was my cake. I sat at the table, sated, knowing I’d soon need to wash a lot of dirty pots and pans, though lots of pots and pan was what it took to get the job done right. Liver cannot be treated carelessly. But if you take the time to love liver, liver will love you back.
Sara Bir is Paste’s contributing food editor. Follow her on Instagram and Twitter @Sausagetarian.
Raw and cooked liver photos by Javier Lastras CC BY
second look
variety meats
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HomeNews and EventsNews2013-11-21
IceCube research observatory in Antarctica reports first results on extraterrestrial high-energy neutrinos
News from Physics Department - 2013-11-21
The IceCube Neutrino Observatory is a neutrino telescope located at the Amundsen-Scott South Pole Station in Antarctica. Photo: Emanuel Jacobi/NSF
For the first time scientists have uncovered concrete evidence for highly energetic neutrinos stemming from outside our solar system. The IceCube experiment, a huge neutrino detector in Antarctica in which the Technische Universitaet Muenchen (TUM) is involved has observed 28 neutrinos that most likely stem from cosmic objects such as supernovae, black holes, pulsars or other extreme cosmic phenomena.
A wide variety of particles perpetually pound onto the Earth’s atmosphere. Most of these particles, like protons, electrons or helium nuclei have a certain mass and carry an electrical charge. When they collide with other particles or are deflected by the cosmic magnetic fields, the sun or the Earth, they alter their path and energy.
Not so, the uncharged and extremely light neutrinos: They speed right through all mater, more or less undisturbed. Every second billions of neutrinos pass through each square centimeter of the Earth’s surface. The vast majority of these elementary particles are created in decay and transformation processes within the sun or in the Earth’s atmosphere.
Visualisation of a neutrino event – Image: IceCube Consortium
Neutrinos that stem from outside our solar system, from the outer reaches of our galaxy or even further away, are much rarer. These astrophysical neutrinos are highly interesting for physicists. They offer clues to the powerful cosmic objects they stem from: supernovas, black holes, pulsars, active galactic cores and other extreme extragalactic phenomena.
Now the scientists of the IceCube experiment, which includes researchers from the Cluster of Excellence Universe at the TUM, report they have observed, for the first time, high-energy neutrinos. The 28 events were recorded between May 2010 and May 2012. Each of these neutrinos had an energy of over 50 tera-electron volts (TeV). That is a thousand fold more energy than any neutrino from a terrestrial accelerator has ever reached.
“These are the first indications of neutrinos from outside our solar system,” says TUM physicist Professor Elisa Resconi, who is a member of the IceCube collaboration. “These events can be explained neither by causes like atmospheric neutrinos, nor by other high-energy events like muons created in the Earth’s atmosphere during interactions with cosmic rays.”
Detector-array set-up at the IceCube observatory - Image: IceCube Consortium
After observing hundreds of thousands of atmospheric neutrinos, the researchers are finally convinced they have proven the existence of neutrinos that fulfill their expectations of astrophysical neutrinos that in all likelihood stem from cosmic accelerators. “Now we must determine where these neutrinos come from and how they are created. We are at the frontier of a new astronomy with neutrinos,” says Elisa Resconi.
The IceCube observatory is melted into the permafrost of the South Pole, an installation that was completed in 2010 following seven years of construction. At one cubic kilometer in size, it is the largest neutrino detector worldwide. 86 vertical wire ropes with a total of 5160 optical sensors were sunk 1450 to 2450 meters into the ice. IceCube detects neutrinos via tiny flashes of blue light, so called-Cherenkov radiation, which appears when neutrinos interact with ice, generating a shower of charged particles. The observatory is run by an international consortium under the direction of the University of Wisconsin, Madison (USA). The research team comprises some 250 scientists and engineers from USA, Germany, Sweden, Switzerland, Japan and other countries.
Dr. Andreas Battenberg
Dr. Johannes Wiedersich
Evidence for High-Energy Extraterrestrial Neutrinos at the IceCube Detector
IceCube Collaboration,
Science 342, (2013); DOI: 10.1126/science.1242856
Prof. Dr. Elisa Resconi
Experimental Physics with Cosmic Particles
Physik-Department und Exzellenzcluster Universe
Boltzmannstr. 2, 85748 Garching, Germany
Tel.: +49 89 35831 7120 – E-Mail: elisa.resconi@tum.de
Research group of Prof. Dr. Elisa Resconi
Origin and Structure of the Universe – The Cluster of Excellence for Fundamental Physics
Kontakt Public Relations
jowi@tum.de
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ISO in Photography – Breaking Away from the Exposure Triangle
The goal of this photography fundamentals article is to answer the following questions: What is ISO in photography means and how do ISO camera settings affect the way we capture photos?
ISO is one of the most misunderstood concepts in digital photography. If you think ISO is an abbreviation for “International Standards Organization” or that it is part of the exposure triangle, then you definitely need to read this article from beginning to end!
What is ISO in Photography Mean?
To put the myth to rest once and for all, ISO is not an acronym for the “International Standards Organization.”
Here is the quote from the International Organization for Standardization website:
Because ‘International Organization for Standardization’ would have different acronyms in different languages (IOS in English, OIN in French for Organisation internationale de normalisation), our founders decided to give it the short form ISO. ISO is derived from the Greek isos, meaning equal. Whatever the country, whatever the language, we are always ISO.
To understand what ISO means in the world of digital cameras, it is helpful to look at film cameras.
ISO in Film Photography
The film cameras record light onto a film emulsion that photographers need to physically load into the camera.
Each roll of film has a film sensitivity rating that is expressed as a number
ISO 100, ISO 200, ISO 400, ISO 800, ISO 1600 and so on
Each number represents the sensitivity of the film to light. Lower ISO numbers mean that the film is not as sensitive to light, and higher numbers mean that the film is more sensitive to light.
The plastic emulsion of camera film is coated in delicate light-sensitive layers of silver halide crystals. Film emulsion that is rated as “highly sensitive to light” has layers of crystals that are coarser and larger. The larger grains allow the emulsion to record light more quickly. Likewise, film emulsion that is rated as having a lower sensitivity to light has a finer film grain.
The increase in size and coarseness of the film’s silver halide crystals results in an increase in the light sensitivity and the ISO speed (another term used in film). It results in pictures with more grains and lesser saturation, detail, and dynamic range.
ISO in Digital Photography
ISO speed as a term was progressed to the digital photography even though there is no such a thing as “sensor sensitivity”.
ISO in digital photography means something completely different – applied gain.
Gain signifies the increase in the image’s brightness after capture.
The camera sensors consist of tiny units known as pixels. When we read the specifications on a camera, it may say that it has a 20 Mpix sensor, which means that it contains 20 million tiny units or pixels.
Related: Glossy vs Matte: Understanding the Difference
When we press the shutter and light hits the sensor, every single pixel measures the intensity of light by counting the number of photons reaching the pixel. The charge of the photons changes the voltage in each pixel; the voltage values are recorded by the camera. The RAW data is a collection of recorded voltage values from all 20 million pixels. The amplification of the signal happens after the data was collected by applying the gain.
For example, when you set the ISO to a value of 200, the camera still records the image at a base ISO of 100. When the image is recorded, the gain is applied to boost the brightness by a factor of two.
The ISO increase occurs at the cost of details, sharpness, and dynamic range. This part of ISO remains the constant in both film and digital photography because increasing the ISO has always come at a cost.
Another major difference between the digital and film worlds, when shooting at higher ISO values, is the grain and noise. Film photography has grain; digital photography has noise. While film has grain in the highlights, digital has noise in the shadows. This is one of the major aspects that determine how we expose an image in the digital world – ETTR.
ETTR (Expose to the Right) vs ETTL (Expose to the Left)
ETTR refers to “Expose to the Right” and ETTL refers to “Expose to the Left.” ETTR means to slightly overexpose the image and ETTL means to slightly underexpose the image.
ETTR is a digital phenomenon because at higher ISO, digital noise occurs in the shadows and not in the highlights. The goal is to slightly overexpose the image to reduce, minimize, or eliminate the noise factor in the shadows. The final exposure adjustments happen during the post processing.
The image was exposed to the LEFT. The sky is well exposed, but the shadow areas are underexposed.
The image was exposed to the RIGHT. The shadow areas are well exposed, but the sky is overexposed but not “clipped.”
The final processed image with the balanced shadows and highlights.
Using ISO to Control the Aperture and the Shutter Speed
While the shutter speed controls the duration of time that light reaches the sensor, the aperture controls the total amount of light that reaches the sensor; the ISO does not control the light.
You can, however, affect the aperture and the shutter speed for a particular shot using ISO.
Shooting wildlife requires consistently high shutter speeds. Sometimes, when shooting in shades or during sunrise and sunset, the light is not always capable of providing sufficient exposure. Slowing the shutter speed introduces motion blur, which spoils the shot unless a motion blur is the desired effect. Instead, we can easily increase the ISO and keep the desired shutter speed without compromising the image we envision.
Similarly, while shooting Milky Way, it isn’t always easier to get a perfect shot at a low ISO value. The star trails are introduced into Milky Way photography if we use the shatter speed value above 25-30sec. To compensate, a high ISO can be used.
The ISO 5000 and the Shutter Speed of 20 sec was used.
How to Use ISO Effectively On Your Digital Camera
If you take out your digital camera and switch it on, you will notice that the LCD screen displays the current ISO setting. On many cameras, it is possible to change the ISO number through the simultaneous operation of a function button and a command dial. You will notice that you can quickly scroll through the ISO settings in this way.
What does all of this mean for your photography in practical terms? Let’s look at a few real world examples of ISO in use.
Photographing a Beautiful Sunset
Let’s imagine that you are admiring a gorgeous sunset at the beach, you have your camera with you set to Aperture Priority and you are shooting hand-held. You’d like to record the scene, but the sun is almost below the horizon, it getting darker every minute and the shutter speed is becoming dangerously slow. This is when ISO settings come to the rescue.
By increasing your ISO value to ISO 3200, you tell camera to increase brightness of the image, after it was taken, by factor of 5. This means that higher shutter speed (5 stops higher) can be used and you can still capture an accurate exposure of the sunset scene.
For example, before shooting a winter landscape I had to boost the ISO to the value of 400. It was getting darker and I was shooting hand-held without a tripod.
Photographing a Landscape on a Sunny Day
Let’s imagine that you are out on a bright and sunny day in the countryside. You stop on the side of the road and see beautiful rolling hills adorned with flowers in front of you.
You have your camera with you, and it is set to Aperture Priority once more. Because there is plenty of sunlight available to light the scene, you understand intuitively that you can use an ISO setting of 100 on your camera. And as a result, take advantage of a shutter speed setting that is fast enough to combat the erratic breeze that is blowing at your back. The abundance of sunlight also means that you can use a narrower aperture of f8 to ensure that everything in the scene is sharp and in focus.
Since I was shooting in a broad daylight I did not have to worry about ISO. I kept it at 100.
Different Approaches to the Same Scene
Photography is all about recording light. The ISO functionality of camera is a key element in the photographic process. The examples above illustrate two different approaches of dealing with various light conditions. It is important to remember that one can approach the same scene in different ways, depending on what you want to achieve and what tools you have available to you.
For example, if the photographer had a solid tripod during that gorgeous sunset, he or she could actually have used a much lower ISO setting. By stabilizing the camera on the tripod rather than hand-holding it, it would be possible to use the base ISO setting of 100 rather than 3200.
Since I was using a tripod here and I wanted to achieve long exposure effect in the water, I kept ISO at 100 which allowed me to get a 4 seconds Shutter Speed.
A dark scene and low ISO would result in a slower shutter speed so that enough light could be recorded for accurate exposure. But if the camera had been stabilized on a tripod, there would be no camera shake and vibration to deal with. The result would have been a photo with less noise, more saturated color, and greater levels of detail.
Important: By practicing photography on a regular basis, one develops a more sophisticated understanding of the dynamic relationship between ISO, aperture and shutter speed, and how these variables combine to produce a photo.
While it is established that ISO is not part of the exposure triangle in digital photography, it still affects the overall brightness of the image and helps us control the parameters (aperture and shutter speed) that directly affect the exposure.
By developing an understanding of these dynamic relationships, you will also be able to more accurately match the vision you have of your final photo with the scene in front of you and the light conditions.
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24 thoughts on “ISO in Photography – Breaking Away from the Exposure Triangle”
Thanks for this article, ETTL has almost always been my inclination, not anymore !
Marty Mar
Your definition of ISO is a delayed April Fool’s Joke, right?
“ISO” is, in fact, an accepted acronym for International Organization for Standardization. While the actual origin of the acronym may be as you say, you need to tell the whole story.
It’s use in film speed designations comes from subsuming the older ASA (American Standards Association) film speed designations in 1987 (documented in ISO Standard 5800:2001, first published in 1979, updated in 1987, and also subsuming the German DIN film speed standard). Anyone who shot film in the last century will definitely remember ASA designations for Kodak and Japanese films like Fuji, and DIN designations for European films like Agfa.
ISO 5800:2001 defines film speeds for colour negative films specifically. There are a couple of other related standards: ISO 6:1993 for B&W negative films, and ISO 2240:2003 for colour slide film. They are all more or less on the same scale.
The ISO designation for digital photography should have absolutely been ported from the film era … because it helped those of us who shot film to make the conversions in our heads … shooting ISO 100 in digital gave similar camera settings to shooting ISO 100 in film. Old rules of thumb, like the Sunny 16 Rule, still made sense for us old shooters. And I have heard more complaints about aperture numbers than I have ever heard about ISO numbers – they actually make some sense at first glance.
The rest of your explanation is more or less correct. Increasing the ISO setting on a DSLR does not make the sensor more sensitive as is the popular belief … it determines how much a captured image is amplified by the electronics in the camera to create the image, similar to an audio amplifier. As such, the more it is amplified, the more it is subject to having digital noise injected into the image, particularly in the lower tones.
Anyway … I felt that a corrected explanation of what ISO stands for was necessary … there is just too much folklore floating around, and as an educator, it is easier to correct those at the source.
https://www.iso.org/about-us.html
As I indicated … it is an accepted acronym for International Organization for Standards. Please tell the whole story so the rest of us don’t have to correct it.
PLEASE! ISO is short for ISOS meaning equal. It is NOT anything to do with international standards. You probably think ultimate means best too when it actually means LAST! Nothing more than that.
This is a great article. It explains so much about how ISO and shutter speed and aperture are related.
Hi Viktor,
Have to say I agree with Marty here!
But I didn’t quite understand your statement that ISO was not part of the ‘Exposure Triangle”. To me the three elements have always been shutter speed (mechanical or electronic equivalent), aperture and film speed (or in digital terms, gain)?
Tony, in digital photography there is no such a thing as “sensor sensitivity” as most people assume. The film sensitivity was translated to digital photography as GAIN. The gain happens after the shutter is closed after the signal was recorded. The gain is a post exposure process.
As for the name ISO, it is not an acronym it is a made up company name like Pepsi.
The goal of the article was to address 2 biggest misconceptions about ISO in digital photography, nothing else. But we do not have to worry about it, it will not affect the way we take pictures which is the most important part.
jerry+collins
Sorry, you really need to learn to research before writing technical thoughts, try to Google things first.
The ASA and DIN film speed standards have been combined into the ISO standards since 1974.
Current system: ISO
The current International Standard for measuring the speed of color negative film is ISO 5800:2001[17] (first published in 1979, revised in November 1987) from the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). Related standards ISO 6:1993[15] (first published in 1974) and ISO 2240:2003[16] (first published in July 1982, revised in September 1994, and corrected in October 2003) define scales for speeds of black-and-white negative film and color reversal film, respectively.
The determination of ISO speeds with digital still-cameras is described in ISO 12232:2006 (first published in August 1998, revised in April 2006, and corrected in October 2006).
The ISO system defines both an arithmetic and a logarithmic scale.[36] The arithmetic ISO scale corresponds to the arithmetic ASA system
The ISO 12232:2006 standard
The ISO standard ISO 12232:2006[60] gives digital still camera manufacturers a choice of five different techniques for determining the exposure index rating at each sensitivity setting provided by a particular camera model. Three of the techniques in ISO 12232:2006 are carried over from the 1998 version of the standard, while two new techniques allowing for measurement of JPEG output files are introduced from CIPA DC-004.[61]
The ASA (as for American Standards Association) photographic exposure system, originally defined in ASA Z38.2.1 (since 1943) and ASA PH2.5 (since 1954), together with the DIN system (DIN 4512 since 1934), became the basis for the ISO system (since 1974), currently used worldwide (ISO 6, ISO 2240, ISO 5800, ISO 12232).
Film speed
Film speed is the measure of a photographic film’s sensitivity to light, determined by sensitometry and measured on various numerical scales, the most recent being the ISO system. A closely related ISO system is used to describe the relationship between exposure and output image lightness in digital cameras.
how is it relevant to my article?
Sorry Marty and Jerry but the article stated the facts about ISO exactly as you have. You added some interesting details but did not “correct ” anything. Thanks, Viktor, for writing the best article on ISO for digital photography I have ever read.
I know it is very controversial 🙂
Upul
Great article,which really make sense
How do I change the ISO on an Apple phone that is an 8.5?
I do not think you can. I believe you need to install a dedicated app to control ISO manually.
Thanks, that’s a lot of additional knowledge in photography. As a summary: 1) ASA/DIN is for Film (chemical) Sensitivity or Speed for both USA and Europe. 2) ISO/OIN is for Digital Camera Sensor (CMOS – electronic) Sensitivity in Pixels for both USA and Europe.
Ramona Jeffery
Thanks for this article. It was simplistic enough to help me with my settings understanding. I don’t need the history of ISO, like some of the other readers. Most of us are just trying to figure out how to get the best pictures.
The standards are not my concern. Best take-eaway is to use TTR for digital, in poor light. Wish I knew this before!!
Thanks V
Robcon
Extremely Helpful… And Easily Understood… For a Change…
Hugh Smith
I accept the technical explanation of ISO as ‘digital gain’. The concept makes sense to me. But I would not extrapolate this to claim that it is not a part of the Exposure Triangle merely due to the timing of when the gain gets applied to the image. It is certainly a functional part of the exposure triangle as photographers think about and modify their exposures while shooting. On any modern mirrorless camera with EVF, modification of ISO enables the photographer to see the impact of ISO changes on the exposure BEFORE shooting the image, and ISO changes made on a standard DSLR are made before the shutter is pressed to a) directly modify the resulting exposure/image brightness, or b) to enable modification to shutter speed or aperture. Therefore, regardless of the semantics of calling it digital gain or ‘sensor sensitivity’ it is still a functional part of the exposure triangle with which photographers control image brightness, and is still an active element photographers include in their thinking process during shooting. The way you’ve described this, you might as well be dragging the exposure slider up during post-processing and I believe photographers integrate ISO into the creative side of their photography. In short, despite your explanation, this will not fundamentally alter how I manipulate aperture, shutter speed, or ISO during my own shooting. And since there are three elements to control, and since they impact the final exposure of an image, I will continue to call the collectively, the exposure triangle.
Anybody know when the term “Exposure Triangle” was first used? By whom?
So with Raw data, data that is captured by the sensor without any other settings, the ISO setting is applied after the capture and is embedded irreversibly in the Raw data. Is that a correct assumption?
that’s right, the camera always captures light at base ISO and if you shoot JPEG the gain applied in the camera processor and when you shoot RAW the ISO info is embedded into EXIF data and the gain is applied in Lightroom.
Thank you for the clarification, Viktor.
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Argentina team [Photo: MustShareNews]
Russia 2018: FIFA sanctions Argentina
byAgency Report
The FIFA Disciplinary Committee has sanctioned the Argentinian Football Association with a fine of 105,000 Swiss Francs and a warning.
The Football Association was sanctioned for the violation of article 67 paragraphs 2 and 3 of the FIFA Disciplinary Code.
Argentinian supporters had been involved in fights, throwing objects and homophobic and insulting chants.
The football body also breached the Media and Marketing Regulations by failing to attend a flash interview after the Argentina versus Croatia on June 21.
The FIFA committee has also sanctioned the Croatian Football Association with a fine of 13,000 Swiss Francs and a warning.
Croatia violated article 67 paragraphs 2 and 3 of the FIFA Disciplinary Code in the involvement of Croatian fans in fights and throwing objects during their match against Argentina.
Also, three players of Switzerland — Granit Xhaka, Xherdan Shaqiri and Stephan Lichtsteiner — have been sanctioned with fines.
Xhaka and Shaqiri are to pay in fine 10,000 Swiss Francs each, CHF 10,000, while Lichsteiner is to pay 5,000 Swiss Francs.
The trio have also received warnings, with all being punishment for having infringed article 57 of the FIFA Disciplinary Code for unsporting behaviour contrary to the principles of fair play.
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They had committed the offence through their goal(s) celebrations during their match against Serbia.
Equally, the Football Association of Serbia has been sanctioned for the violation of article 67 paragraphs 2 and 3 of the FIFA Disciplinary Code.
The football body was fined 54,000 Swiss Francs and a warning for the display of discriminatory banners and messages by Serbian supporters.
The sanction was also for throwing objects during their match against Switzerland.
In relation to the same match, the President of the Football Association of Serbia, Slavisa Kokeza, as well as national coach Mladen Krstajic were found guilty.
They were said to have infringed article 57 of the FIFA Disciplinary Code for their unsporting behaviour through statements made in the aftermath of the Serbia versus Switzerland match.
They were therefore sanctioned with fines of 5,000 Swiss Francs and a warning each.
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Tag Archive for dorian
Nashville On Stage: The Colored Museum
by Bill Dorian • April 1, 2013
The Colored Museum is a satirical series of 11 vignettes chronicling African American history with serious ‘tongue-in-cheek’ humor by George C. Wolfe who wrote Jelly’s Last Jam and directed Bring in ‘da Noise/Bring in ‘da Funk. The 1986 play won…
Lakewood’s Lilies of the Field a triumph
by PRIDE Newsdesk • March 22, 2013
Lilies of the Field is a classic American drama about an African American wanderer who comes to the rescue of a group of Eastern European nuns living in the American southwest. The 1963 film starring Sidney Poitier was one of…
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Home > Blog > Why Private School > About Private Schools
25 Things You Need to Know About Private Schools
Updated April 28, 2017 | by Robert Kennedy
Here are 25 factoids about private K-12 schools written to make you want to explore the private school world further and in depth.
1. Private schools are really private.
By design American private schools are really private. While in most cases they observe applicable state laws with respect to minimum requirements concerning what is taught, private schools are answerable to their boards and their clients, i.e., the families who send students to them.
2. Private schools are more affordable than you think.
Granted, some private schools are very expensive. Especially boarding schools. However, since they generally seek to attract a diverse student population, most private schools offer generous financial aid packages.
3. Several private schools are free.
Years ago several benefactors established schools which will cost eligible students virtually nothing to attend. In more recent times the Cristo Rey network of schools has made a private school education almost free for families of limited means.
4. Some private schools are residential.
Residential private schools are known as boarding schools. Your child will attend classes as well as eat and sleep at the school. Professional, experienced adult supervision ensures the safety of your child 24/7.
5. Most private schools are day schools.
In a day school your child attends classes during normal daytime hours. Extracurricular activities and sports are typically included within that day time schedule.
6. Some private schools offer a blend of day and boarding options.
Boarding schools located in a town or city often offer a day student option for local families. That can reduce the cost of a private school education significantly.
7. Some private schools are religious schools.
Roman Catholic, Muslim, Christian, Presbyterian, Episcopal, Seventh Day Adventist, Quaker, Jewish and dozens of other religions are represented in the private school world. If educating your child in a school which observes and practises your religion is important to you, there will be a private school suitable for your needs and requirements.
8. Some private schools are non-sectarian.
Non-sectarian usually means that a school does not adhere to any particular religious beliefs. School functions will include prayers and readings from the Bible and other religious writings. But apart from that there is no denominational emphasis.
9. Some private schools offer military training.
Looking to send your daughter or son to a school with Junior ROTC and other military training? Then you should review and evaluate private military schools. They offer excellent academics combined with the focused military training you want.
10. Most private schools require admissions testing in one form or another.
Unlike public schools which pretty much have to accommodate anybody within their geographic boundaries who registers, private schools admit applicants after a rigorous and thorough admissions process. This process includes among other things a standardized admissions test such as the SSAT or ISEE.
11. Many private schools offer just the early grades: PK-3.
Most communities of any size will have a pre-school or two or three. These schools come in all flavors and sizes so do your due diligence very carefully. Most of the time you will know that the school is a good one when there are way more applicants than places. You might want to consider putting your child's name on the list shortly after she is born in the case of some very highly sought after urban pre-schools. If a school follows the Montessori, Waldorf or Reggio Emilia philosophy, be sure to check it. It just might suit your needs.
12. Other private schools offer grades PK-8.
The PK through grade 8 schools are frequently found attached to a religious establishment. When that is the case, tuition is generally affordable. The religious component, however, is not optional in most of these schools. In addition to the faith-based PK-8 schools, there are usually a few non-sectarian PK-8 schools available as well.
13. Many private schools offer only high school grades 9-12 (13).
Most private high schools are college preparatory schools. That is, their curricula are designed to prepare your child for college level studies. There are many ways to accomplish this, of course. Investigate. Compare. Ask lots of questions. You will find the school which is the best fit for you and your child.
14. Many private schools offer all the grades from PK-12 (13).
Most of the private schools which offer all the grades are day schools. They will have an upper and a lower school each with its own faculty and administration. Assuming that things work out, it is rather comfirting to know that once your child gets into a primary grade, she could conceivably stay at the same school right through until graduation from grade 12.
15. Some private schools cater exclusively to students with special needs.
Children with special needs deserve to be taught by highly experienced professionals who know how to teach children with special needs. The small class sizes found in these schools coupled with plenty of one on one time with the teachers make these schools very effective at what they do.
16. Athletics are compulsory at most private schools.
Athletics are not aptional at most private schools. They are an integral part of school programs. The idea simply put is that a healthy mind needs a healthy body. Typically schools will set aside an afternoon in the middle of the week for sports and other athletic activities. Everybody gets involved - students and teachers. The scope of athletic programs offered depends on many factors. If a particular sport is important to your child, investigate thoroughly. Not every school has a natatorium or an equestrian program.
17. A few private schools specialize in sports.
A very limited number of private schools specialize in certain sports such as skiing or tennis. If you feel that your child needs an advanced level of instruction or a major focus on a specific sport, private school may well prove to be your best option.
18. Extracurricular activities are also compulsory at most private schools.
Just as with athletics everybody gets involved with extracurricular activities in private school. Private schools believe that their students learn important life lessons by being involved in an extracurricular activity.
19. Each private school decides what it is going to teach and how it is going to teach it.
Private schools exceed whatever state-mandated minimum requirements exist in the core subjects. They teach those subjects and many other ones in a manner they choose
20. Many private schools belong to the National Association of Independent Schools.
The NAIS is the trade association for private K-12 education. Located in Washington, DC, it offers a wealth of information and guidance for its members. It also promotes and protects the interests of private schools.
21. Private school teachers tend to have degrees in their subject areas.
An education degree is acceptable currency in teaching. But a degree in your subject area, such as Mandarin or physics, is what most private schools will expect you to have.
22. Many private schools offer needs-blind admission.
If your child can meet or exceed the academic standard for admission, the school will help you be able to afford to send your child to the school.
23. Many private high schools offer extensive Advanced Placement programs.
Advanced Placement or AP courses are important to many parents who see them as a way of guaranteeing success in college. Some progressive private schools do not offer AP courses. If this aspect of your child's education matters to you, investigate, observe and ask questions.
24. A small number of private schools offer the International Baccalaureate diploma program.
The International Baccalaureate or IB program is, as the name implies, an international curriculum. It is based in Switzerland. The IB curriculum is comprehensive and covers elementary grades through high school.
25. The National Center for Education Statistics offers a wealth of data and information about private K-12 schools.
If you prefer to review statistics and data yourself, you will doubtless be fascinated by the Private School Universe Survey put out by the NCES.
Additional Resources [+]
"The Private School Advantage: The Top Reasons To Send a Child To Private School" available at https://www.privateschoolreview.com/blog/the-private-school-advantage-the-top-reasons-to-send-a-child-to-private-school
"The Private School Advantage: Benefits Specific to Parents" available at https://www.privateschoolreview.com/blog/the-private-school-advantage-benefits-specific-to-parents
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Pitch shortage a problem for Newport Town
in Football
0 Pitch shortage a problem for Newport Town
A desperate shortage of football pitches in Newport could force the town's leading team to look elsewhere to play its home matches, the club's chairman Phil Lewis has warned.
Newport now has just one full-size football pitch, on Shuker Fields, following the closure of the Audco Playing Pitches earlier this year.
There were two pitches at Audco but the land has now been earmarked for homes.
That has led to even more people using Shuker - and Newport Town FC chairman Mr Lewis said: "We have considered finding a new pitch elsewhere, but we haven't spoken to anyone outside of Newport yet.
"Shuker is so over-played that it's completely dug up.
"This town needs more pitches. Wellington, Bridgnorth, Shifnal, Whitchurch - they all have proper facilities.It is a crying shame a town of this size which is football mad doesn't have the same."
Shuker Fields normally plays host to two matches each weekend and occasionally a mid-week school fixture as well. And each Saturday morning up to 350 children from Nova Football Club use it to train.
It is also used by the public, the home of the Newport Carnival and earlier this year a travelling circus set up shop on the fields.
Shuker Fields is owned by Telford & Wrekin Council but maintained by Nova at a cost of around £7,000 a year.
Nova chairman David Middleton said discussions were ongoing with Telford & Wrekin Council about how to improve the facility.
Read more: http://www.shropshirestar.com
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All Signal No Noise
by Analog Design
This Sunday sees the start of the new Formula One season, at Melbourne, Australia. Motorsport has long been trumpeted as a technological proving ground and the use of electronics is no exception. Indeed, it was way back in 1984 that the then TAG Mclaren Porsche team was the first team to win an F1 race using an ECU. At a time when most popular road cars still relied on a mechanical carburettor to mix the air and the fuel, this was advanced stuff and helped spur on the development of smaller, lighter, faster reacting systems that have become the norm on even today's city cars.
Since then, electronics has penetrated pretty much every aspect of the sport, and that trickle down effect has if anything, accelerated. For example, where there was once a hand gear lever and a clutch pedal, there is now a sophisticated paddle shift semi-automatic transmission system – again available on many road cars.
Likewise, where there was once only driver feedback from which to help set up the car, there is now widespread use of telemetry through data logging, sensing the movement of everything from wheel speed to suspension movement, to steering yaw and driver input. And while data logging may seem a little unnecessary for the average road machine, wheel speed sensors, tyre pressure monitors and steering sensors are playing a vital role in delivering the electronic stability and traction control systems demanded by today's safety conscious consumers.
Arguably, 2009 sees the most significant development in the trickle down between Grand Prix racing and mainstream road car technology, because F1 is allowing the use of hybrid propulsion units for the first time. The idea is a simple one – to capture the kinetic energy generated by the forward motion of the car, then store it and release it when an additional burst of performance is required. In essence, this is what KERS (Kinetic Energy Recovery System) does: providing a boost of up to 80bhp (equivalent to an extra 10% of engine power) for up to seven seconds a lap.
The challenges in engineering KERS have been considerable. Capturing the energy that's normally wasted, transferring it to a converter / generator, then storing it in battery, from which it can power an electric motor to assist an F1 car's main petrol engine, requires complex electronic solutions. The demand for accurate sensing and control systems acting in a closed loop format is a must for KERS, and has cost tens of millions of dollars to develop – why the big car manufacturers that race in F1 are keen to promote its virtues.
At the time of writing, BMW and Renault look likely to race the system at the weekend. The former reckons that it's likely to see a KERS style system on its road cars within the next year, which will require a different set of real world electronics solutions to cope with performing over the 100,000 mile life cycle of modern car. Extra performance, lower emissions and a real world application – whatever manufacturer is the first to win an F1 race with the KERS system, it could be the start of something very big
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Learn About Nuts
All About the Brazil Nut
Scientific Name:Bertholletia excels
Classification:Tree Nut
Also known as:Cream Nut and Para Nut
The three-sided, hard, dark-shelled Brazil nut grows in clusters at the end of thick branches inside coconut-like pods called cocos (Portuguese). The nut is grown in the Amazon rain forests of Brazil, Peru, Colombia, Venezuela and Ecuador. The Brazil nut tree is enormous, reaching a height of 100 to 150 feet or more. It can also live a long life of 500 to 800 years. (The trees grow very slowly, taking as long as 10 to 30 years before they produce nuts.) They require a specific species of bee to pollinate the flowers (which produce the fruit) and a small ground mammal called the agouti to break open the pods and spread the seeds. For these reasons, the Amazon is the only place these nuts have been grown successfully.
From January to June when the fruit is ripe, it falls from the tree, usually with a loud crashing sound. Inside each fruit pod are 12 to 25 Brazil nuts, each within its own individual shell. Older Brazil nut trees can produce approximately 300 or more of these fruit pods annually. The pods are gathered when they have fallen from the trees and then must be chopped open in order to obtain the nuts. Brazil nuts taste rich and creamy, and their meat is similar in texture to coconut. These nuts can be eaten raw, roasted and salted.
PLANTERS Deluxe Mixed Nuts 34 oz Jar
PLANTERS Honey Roasted Dry Roasted Peanuts 16 oz Jar
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