pred_label
stringclasses 2
values | pred_label_prob
float64 0.5
1
| wiki_prob
float64 0.25
1
| text
stringlengths 158
1.02M
| source
stringlengths 39
45
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
__label__cc
| 0.720944
| 0.279056
|
Schneider Electric invests $40 million to strengthen US supply chain
Schneider Electric announced an additional $40 million investment toward modernizing its US manufacturing plants in Iowa, Kentucky, Nebraska and Texas. The monies will go toward innovative technologies and new production lines that will help increase Schneider Electric’s capacity of operations in the US for its customers, as well as further develop its local workforce.
This additional stake in the US is part of a larger, strategic approach to strengthen resilience, increase flexibility, and safeguard its supply chain, according to Schneider. The initiative will provide Schneider Electric with greater control of its production processes that will help them deliver quality products and services to its customers, while introducing new learning opportunities to the workforce.
“This investment demonstrates our continued commitment to both our customers and our employees, while setting the foundation for the future,” said Annette Clayton, CEO and president, Schneider Electric North America. “We now have the technology and resources available to expand and efficiently produce more locally. By modernizing and localizing our operations, we can better serve our customers and minimize the risk of interruption when we face the challenges of global economic changes.”
For example, Schneider Electric’s smart factory in Lexington, KY recently earned the distinction of 4th Industrial Revolution (4IR) Advanced Lighthouse by the World Economic Forum, becoming the third of its factories to receive this honor. The factory was recognized for its success in adopting Industry 4.0 technologies at scale with demonstrated benefits around energy efficiency, sustainability and overall cost savings, while offering increasing agility and resiliency within the operation.
About Schneider Electric
Schneider Electric is leading the Digital Transformation of Energy Management and Automation in Homes, Buildings, Data Centers, Infrastructure and Industries. With global presence in over 100 countries, Schneider is the undisputable leader in Power Management – Medium Voltage, Low Voltage and Secure Power, and in Automation Systems. We provide integrated efficiency solutions, combining energy, automation and software. In our global Ecosystem, we collaborate with the largest Partner, Integrator and Developer Community on our Open Platform to deliver real-time control and operational efficiency. We believe that great people and partners make Schneider a great company and that our commitment to Innovation, Diversity and Sustainability ensures that Life Is On everywhere, for everyone and at every moment.
#SchneiderElectric #SchneiderNews #Schneider
Company Name: ABC Private Limited
Website: https://www.se.com/in/en/
CategoriesElectronics & Semiconductors, Energy & Environment, India, News & Current Affairs, Website & Blog
Previous PostPrevious Vincent Chiclacos, Founder of Kicco Koffie, Shares His Story Of Overcoming the Odds, Building a Business and The Power of Giving Back
Next PostNext Mattingly Chiropractic, Experienced Chiropractor in St. Louis, MO, Relieves Pain Naturally
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0012.json.gz/line1840
|
__label__cc
| 0.553287
| 0.446713
|
To Berlin and Back: Startupistan Building A Digital Future in Afghanistan
Startupistan is launching a bold new initiative to empower Afghan youth with critical tech skills.
In December 2019, Mozamel Aman boarded a plane to Kabul with 20 laptops and a plan to bolster Afghanistan’s digital future by empowering young Afghans with training in tech and entrepreneurial skills.
The first step, though, was making it through customs. “I was nervous,” he remembers.
When Aman, an Afghan entrepreneur, arrived in Berlin five years earlier, the city’s lively digital scene immediately captured his imagination. He helped found two tech-based companies aimed at helping other refugees find work in Germany. With his latest venture, Startupistan, Aman is bringing what he’s learned back to youth in Afghanistan.
Startupistan runs classes for young Afghans in digital skills to empower youth to thrive in the digital economy and develop solutions that turn local problems into opportunities. That December 2019 trip was the first foray and, after sailing through customs, the rest of the trip was also a resounding success.
Within the first week of arriving in Afghanistan, Aman and the Afghan team launched a ‘Digital Summit’, which drew 200 attendees taking part in sessions on intro to web development, cyber security and innovation.
Now they hope to expand that opportunity to other Afghan youth, by taking their next big step by launching a major campaign to raise €100,000 to fund their biggest project yet: Startupistan100. This pilot project, to be launched in March 2021, will train 100 Afghan students (50 female, 50 male) in an intensive six-month digital skills and entrepreneurship program.
“I’m very grateful for the opportunities I have had which have allowed me to enter the world of entrepreneurialism,” said Aman. “With this privilege comes a responsibility to give back.”
The program will take students through a series of curated web development and business training courses, taking their ideas from concept and prototyping to marketing and development, while promoting communication and leadership skills. Throughout the program, participants will have access to mentorship, events, and access to a local and international community of digital entrepreneurs. This sustainable model of digital education will enable young Afghans to achieve their full potential so that they are the ones setting their country on the path to recovery after years of war.
In two years, Startupistan has grown into a global network, stretching from Kabul to Berlin, Amsterdam, and Stockholm, that offers numerous possibilities for young Afghans to further develop their talents and ideas through hackathons, incubators, coworking and remote working opportunities.
“We believe we can empower self-learning and growth across generations, by providing access to basic digital tools. It will be the currency of all future global economies,” explains co-founder Paddy Hall on their shared values and goals. “We want to give these tools to people and help them shape their own lives, in their own countries, on their own terms.”
Company Name: Startupistan
Contact Person: Mozamel Aman
Website: https://www.startupistan.org/
CategoriesEducation
Previous PostPrevious Let’s Die Somewhere Pretty – Enchanting New York Winter Poetry Trilogy
Next PostNext So Breezy Babe Magazine Signs Deal with Cirque du Soleil Acrobat, Rikki Carman
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0012.json.gz/line1841
|
__label__wiki
| 0.536002
| 0.536002
|
Guitarist and composer of the British pop formation Queen.
Character Models Based on Actual People
Sometimes, rather than building a character model from scratch, a developer will sometimes use a real person as a template and use his or her physical attributes to create a similar character model to be used in their video game. In some cases that real reason will appear as themselves in games.
Crude Renditions of Real People
Some of these games were trying to approximate the person's actual features with little success, and others stylized them on purpose. Either way, no one would confuse the resulting characters with the people they represent.
Lego Minifigure
The small models within the Lego franchise which represent people. They appear almost in every Lego game.
Licensed Game
These games are based off of established licenses, such as movies, comics, or TV shows. Examples are the James Bond 007 and Spider-Man franchises.
Licensed Soundtrack
Games that incorporate licensed music from popular bands and musicians for their soundtracks.
A widely popular music style, originating from a fusion of blues, R&B, country, and jazz. Includes sub-genres such as punk, heavy metal, synth rock, and pop rock, among others.
View all (6) images
Top Rated Lists for Brian May
100 items Characters based on real people
rallier 12
Veilor 7
Paulrus 6
234r2we232 4
solidejake 3
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0012.json.gz/line1844
|
__label__wiki
| 0.955222
| 0.955222
|
John Mahama begins 6-day campaign tour of Ashanti region
Date: Nov - 10 - 2020 , 17:20
BY: Kester Korankye
Former President John Mahama
The Presidential Candidate of the National Democratic Congress (NDC), former President John Dramani Mahama has on Tuesday, November 10, begun his campaign tour of the Ashanti region.
A statement issued by the NDC campaign spokesperson, Mr James Agyenim Boateng said the former President will tour the region for six days.
He is expected to pay a courtesy call on the Asanthene, Otumfour Osei Tutu II at his Manhyia Palace in Kumasi and address other traditional leaders in the region as part of the tour.
He is also scheduled to interact with religious and opinion leaders, professional groups, artisans, party members and sympathizers, among other groups of interest.
The statement said the NDC flagbearer would also interact with zongo chiefs and imams, artisans, cocoa farmers and small scale miners, among others.
"During this tour, Mr. Mahama will highlight the significant contribution of NDC governments to the development of the Ashanti Region and its people", the statement said.
According to the statement, Mr. Mahama will also focus on key plans in the People’s Manifesto, the NDC’s manifesto for the 2020 general election, such as plans to create decent and sustainable jobs for the youth, the implementation of universal access to healthcare dubbed the 'Free Primary Healthcare', funding the largest skills empowerment programme under the NDC’s National Apprenticeship Programme and the Free Technical and Vocational Education and Training (Free T-VET).
Before embarking on the Ashanti regional tour, Mr. Mahama had ended a similar tour of the Eastern Region where he was for four days until the weekend.
topstories, National Democratic Congress (NDC) , topstory, John Dramani Mahama , trending, #Election2020
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0012.json.gz/line1849
|
__label__cc
| 0.549902
| 0.450098
|
Domestic and non-domestic energy efficiency
Homes, workplaces and public buildings
Greater Manchester: Report on Decarbonising Our Existing Buildings
Reducing the amount of energy used in Greater Manchester’s existing buildings will be key to achieving our aim of being a carbon-neutral city-region by 2038.
This report builds on the priorities and actions on buildings in the Five-Year Environment Plan. It sets out where Greater Manchester is now and where it needs to get to in terms of the energy demand of its existing domestic, commercial and public buildings. Based on that, it provides a set of recommendations for taking action that are being taken forward by the Greater Manchester Combined Authority (GMCA) and its partners.
Greater Manchester: Report on Decarbonising Our Existing Buildings (PDF)
Greater Manchester Spatial Energy Plan: Evidence Base Study
The Spatial Energy Plan for Greater Manchester was commissioned as part of the Energy Technologies Institute (ETI) Smart Systems and Heat Programme, and undertaken through collaboration between the GMCA and the Energy Systems Catapult. It underpins the report on decarbonising our existing buildings.
The study brings together the significant data and existing evidence relating to the local energy system. This will provide a platform for future energy planning in the region and the development of suitable policies within the emerging spatial planning framework for Greater Manchester.
Download the GMCA Spatial Energy Plan Executive Summary (PDF)
Domestic Buildings – support for residents
Support is available across Greater Manchester to help people keep warm and reduce their energy bills without costing them any money. To see if you are eligible, contact the service in your area. They will also be able to advise of other support available across Greater Manchester, including funding for insulation or heating system improvements.
Local scheme
Bolton Care and Repair – Healthy Homes (opens in a new tab)
Warm Homes Oldham (opens in a new tab)
Wigan AWARM Service (opens in a new tab)
Elsewhere in Greater Manchester
The Local Energy Advice Partnership (opens in a new tab)
Energy Company Obligation, Flexible Eligibility, Statement of Intent
Energy Company Obligation (ECO) funds are provided by energy suppliers to assist fuel-poor, low-income and vulnerable residents.
In February 2019, the Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy (BEIS) published updated guidance for Local Authorities on engaging with energy suppliers to identify households that would benefit from energy efficiency improvements. This maintains the ECO-flexibility eligibility mechanism, through which Local Authorities can set eligibility criteria in a Statement of Intent (SOI) to determine which fuel-poor, low income and vulnerable residents are eligible for ECO-flexible eligibility funds.
In Greater Manchester, it has been agreed that there will be one Statement of Intent covering all 10 districts and declarations of eligibility will only be issued for Greater Manchester-wide or Local Authority-led schemes via the affordable warmth service operating in each district.
Energy Company Obligation, Flexible Eligibility, Statement of Intent version 3 (PDF) (for declarations issued from 1 June 2019 onwards)
Energy Company Obligation, Flexible Eligibility, Statement of Intent version 2 (PDF) (for declarations issued on or before 31 May 2019 only)
Connected for Warmth
Homes across Greater Manchester can get a new central heating system fitted for free thanks to the Connected for Warmth programme.
The funding comes from the Warm Homes Fund, which has been established by National Grid (opens in a new tab) and is administered by Affordable Warmth Solutions (opens in a new tab). It offers a helping hand to households struggling to afford to heat their homes because they do not currently have a central heating system.
During 2018 and 2019 Greater Manchester Combined Authority (GMCA) secured £1.8 million from the Warm Homes Fund to install 500 gas and renewable central heating systems. The programme is now being extended until 2021 with hundreds more homes set to benefit.
The Connected for Warmth programme is run by AgilityEco, working in partnership with Cadent, and can provide both a new central heating system and a free connection to the gas main if a property does not already have one.
Connected for Warmth can provide help to owner-occupiers and private tenants households that:
Do not have an existing gas central heating system installed. This means the fund is targeting households that heat their property with electric storage heaters, room heaters or open fire. If you just have gas for a single fire and/or a cooker, then you are still eligible.
Are in receipt of means-tested or disability benefits OR who meet the requirements set out in the Greater Manchester Statement of Intent
You can find out more about eligibility on the Connected for Warmth (opens in a new tab) website or by calling the Connected for Warmth team on freephone 0800 029 4547.
If you privately rent your property you will need your landlord’s permission and they will be required to make a contribution of £660 towards the cost of the installation.
To apply for yourself or for someone else please contact the relevant affordable warmth scheme for your area (see above). When you call, please mention that you are interested in getting central heating.
You can also find out more at the Connected for Warmth website (opens in a new tab) or by calling the Connected for Warmth team on 0800 029 4547.
500 households have already benefited from first-time central heating from the Warm Homes Fund.
Accounts, Transparency and Governance
MiPlace - Staff Login
Copyright Greater Manchester Combined Authority 2020
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0012.json.gz/line1854
|
__label__cc
| 0.667351
| 0.332649
|
Connecticut > Stamford > Schools > School Profile
Dolan School
51 Toms Rd, Stamford, CT 06906
Stamford School District
Dolan has a good Honors program. The school recognizes hardworking students. The principal is... more
This school is rated below average in school quality compared to other schools in Connecticut. Students here are making below average year-over-year academic improvement, ... More this school has below average results in how well it’s serving disadvantaged students, and students perform below average on state tests. Large disparities in absenteeism rates exist at this school, which is concerning.
Students at this school are making less academic progress given where they were last year, compared to similar students in the state.
Low progress with low test scores means... that students are starting at a low point and falling farther behind their peers.
Test scores at this school fall below the state average. This suggests that most students at this school may not be performing at grade level.
Ask the school what it’s doing to help students who are behind. Understand what on-track learning looks like,... More and explore higher-performing schools in your area to find the best opportunities for your child to succeed.
51 Toms Rd
Ms Charmaine G Tourse - Principal
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0012.json.gz/line1855
|
__label__cc
| 0.72593
| 0.27407
|
Schemes announced in Union Budget 2018-19
Union Finance minister Arun Jaitley presented Union Budget 2018 in Parliament. It is last full budget of Narendra Modi Government before 2019 Lok Sabha elections. Several new schemes were announced. Some of them are
Operation Green
Eklavya School
Revitalising Infrastructure and Systems in Education (RISE) Scheme
Prime Minister Fellowship Scheme
Kisan Credit Card to Fishermen and Cattle owners
Affordable Housing Fund (AHF)
Gobar-Dhan Yojna
National Bamboo Mission
National Health Protection Scheme (Ayushman Bharat Scheme) will cover 10 crore poor and vulnerable families. Under it, up to Rs 5 lakh insurance cover will be provided to each family per year in secondary and tertiary care institutions. It will have 50 crore beneficiaries. It will be world’s largest government-funded healthcare programme.
It will be launched with an allocation of Rs 500 crore on the lines of Operation Flood. It aims to promote farmer producers organisations, processing facilities, agri-logistics and professional management. It also aims to aid farmers and help control and limit erratic fluctuations in the prices of tomatoes, onions and potatoes (TOP). It is essentially price fixation scheme that aims to ensure farmers are given the right price for their produce. The idea behind it is to double the income of farmers by the end of 2022.
Eklavya schools will be established for scheduled caste (SC) and schedule tribe students by 2022 on the lines of Navodaya schools. They will be model residential schools set up in each Block. It will in areas with more than 50% tribal areas and 20,000 tribal people. These schools will be part of Navodaya Vidyalayas. It will provide training in sports and skill development. It has special facilities for preserving local art and culture.
RISE scheme aims to lend low-cost funds to government higher educational institutions. It will be launched with a total investment of Rs. 1 lakh crore in the next four years. It will be financed via restructured higher education financing agency (HEFA), a non-banking financial company.
It is aimed at facilitating cutting edge research by provide high fellowship amounts to 1000 B. Tech students to pursue PhD in IITs and IISc. Its purpose is to make to produce better research in India and make its institutions climb up in global rankings.
Kisan Credit Card was extended to fishermen and cattle owners. It will enable them to avail the easier loans. It will help people associated with milk production business in rural areas by providing financial assistance and also to fisheries.
Affordable Housing Fund (AHF) will be created under National Housing Bank (NHB). It will be funded from priority sector lending shortfall and fully serviced bonds authorised by Central Government. Beyond this, he did not elaborate about the proposed Fund. It will be used to construct one crore households in the rural areas Pradhanmantri Awas Yojana.
Gobar-Dhan Yojana (also known as Galvanizing Organic Bio-Agro Resource Fund scheme) aims to improve lives of the villagers. Under it, solid waste of dung and fields will be changed into compost, biogas and bio-CNG.
Rs. 1,290 crore will be allocated under this scheme to help development of bamboo production as an industry in the country. This will help the people of rural and tribal areas.
Topics: Affordable Housing Fund • Budget 2018-19 • CLAT • Eklavya Schools • Gobar-Dhan Yojna • Government Schemes • National • National Health Protection Scheme • Operation Green • Prime Minister Fellowship Scheme • RISE Scheme
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0012.json.gz/line1856
|
__label__wiki
| 0.903783
| 0.903783
|
IOA Current Affairs, GK & News
Govt. constitutes committee for reviewing draft of National Code for Good Governance in Sports
Union Ministry of Youth Affairs & Sports (MYAS) has constituted a 13-member expert committee to review the Draft National Code for Good Governance in Sports, 2017. Key Highlights Members: The committee will be chaired by Retired SC Justice Mukundakam Sharma and member includes former Indian football team captain Baichung Bhutia, Pullela Gopichand, Anju Bobby George, ..
Category: Sports Current Affairs
Topics: Indian Olympic Association • IOA • Ministry of Youth Affairs & Sports • National Code for Good Governance in Sports 2017 • National Sports Federations • NSF
IOA President Narinder Batra elected to IOC
Narinder Batra, President of Indian Olympic Association (IOA) was elected as a member of International Olympic Committee (IOC) in Lausanne, Switzerland. He secured 58 votes out of 62 polled. About Narinder Batra He was elected to prestigious seat during the 134th IOC Session being held in Lausanne, Switzerland. His election is linked to his function ..
Topics: 34th IOC Session • Indian Olympic Association • International Olympic Committee • IOA • IOC • Lausanne • Narinder Batra • National Olympic Committee • Nita Ambani • Olympic Movement • President of Indian Olympic Association • Randhir Singh • Switzerland
IOA President N Ramachandran bestowed with Olympic Order award
President Indian Olympic Association (IOA) N. Ramachandran was awarded the Olympic Order for his outstanding services to the Olympic movement. The award was formally bestowed upon him by the President of the International Olympic Committee (IOC) Thomas Bach. About Narayana Ramachandran He is an Indian squash administrator. Currently he serves as current President of WSF ..
Topics: 2016 Rio Olympics • Awards • IOA • Narayana Ramachandran • National • Persons in News • Sports
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0012.json.gz/line1857
|
__label__wiki
| 0.766275
| 0.766275
|
Tinder Appears to Test New ‘Platinum’ Subscription Plan
Written by GDI
24th July 2020 4th August 2020
Tinder is reportedly live testing ‘Tinder Platinum’, a brand new premium tier that would give subscribers more premium features than Tinder Gold or Tinder Plus.
A screenshot was posted to Reddit by a user who explained that they’d come across the page while signing up for a Tinder account in an incognito desktop Google Chrome tab.
They attempted to sign-up for Tinder Platinum but only received an error message.
The page shows some of the features that might be available with a Platinum account, which includes the ability to include a message with a Super Like and prioritising the profile’s position in the stack.
It also appears to cover the ability for the user to see who likes them. This is a feature that is already included in Tinder Gold, but might now be upgraded to Platinum only.
The initial pricing for the new premium accounts appears to be just under $20 per month, with discounts offered for buying in six or 12 month blocks.
A spokesperson for Tinder gave a very vague explanation to Mashable when they said: “As discussed on the Q1 Match Group earnings call, Tinder is testing a number of revenue features throughout the second half of 2020”.
Earlier this month, Tinder announced it was starting to test its video call mode in several markets around the world including four US states.
Author GDI
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0012.json.gz/line1858
|
__label__cc
| 0.609761
| 0.390239
|
Albany/Troy/Schenectady Links
Albany/Troy/Schenectady Introduction
A summary of what Albany/Troy/Schenectady has to offer.
America's beloved cascade, Niagara Falls, is one of the north's best-known natural landmarks, a mighty waterfall shrouded in mist and lit up by the occasional rainbow.
Searchable list of Albany/Troy/Schenectady tour companies, guides and outfitters, rental companies and more.
Full information on Albany/Troy/Schenectady Tourist Attractions, Scenic Drives and other easy vacation activities…
Searchable listings of Albany/Troy/Schenectady hotels, motels, resorts, bed & breakfast, and more.
Searchable listings of Albany/Troy/Schenectady RV parks and campgrounds.
Transportation companies, driving directions and more for Albany/Troy/Schenectady.
Albany/Troy/Schenectady weather report, historic temperatures and climate info,…
Searchable lists of Albany/Troy/Schenectady tourism offices and other helpful government agencies.
Explore destinations near Albany/Troy/Schenectady.
Albany/Troy/Schenectady Photo Gallery
Albany/Troy/Schenectady Video Gallery
Empire State Plaza
Hudson River near Troy
Nott Memorial Library - Schenectady
Below are the Free Visitor Guides for New York Area.
Click here to view all the guides avialable for New York.
• New York • Albany/Troy/Schenectady • Destinations
Albany/Troy/Schenectady, New York - Nearby Destinations
Tourism Destinations in the area...
Nearby Destinations >
Tourist destinations to consider near Albany/Troy/Schenectady are listed below. Click on any name for complete information.
Albany/Troy/Schenectady Destinations
More Info Hudson/Kinderhook
Hudson/Kinderhook
A charming Dutch village surrounded by pastoral beauty and rolling hills, Kinderhook has managed to preserve its yesteryear charm. The village has a magical charm capable of transporting the soul back to a time and place where general stores and corner pharmacies existed. Hudson is now a favorite place to hunt for antiques.
More Info Kingston
Once the capital of New York, Kingston now sits among rugged hills like a tiny morsel of history clinging to a past that no longer fits in today's world. Dating back to 1658, the Stockade section of the village is the main come on to tourists passing through the area.
More Info Lake George
Sprawled along the foothills of the great Adirondack Mountains are the sparkling waters of Lake George and the quaint village that shares its name. In the summer months, the streets of Lake George are engorged with tourists.
More Info Saratoga Springs
Saratoga Springs is home to world-class thoroughbred horse racing, and between Lake and Union avenues in the village, there are over 400 historic homes that line the streets.
More Info The Catskills
In the mid-1800s, the Catskills were a resort area for the rich and famous with a popularity that lasted until the middle of the next century. Now, the Catskills are waking up and developing as a second-home region to frazzled city dwellers that take refuge in the hills during weekend furloughs.
Add Your Listing! Click here to add your listing to Go-New-York.com
Go-New-York.com, part of The Go Travel Sites family, is among the largest websites covering travel and vacationing in New York. We'd love to have your business listed on our site. To request a listing, please fill out the form below and press "Submit."
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0012.json.gz/line1860
|
__label__wiki
| 0.715312
| 0.715312
|
Deloitte August 17, 2011
Tara Reid’s New Husband Is a Deloitte Consultant
by Caleb Newquist
The lucky new Mr. Tara Reid is none other than Zack (aka Zach, aka Zachary) Kehayov and he works out of Deloitte Consulting’s Washington, D.C. office, according to this LinkedIn profile. Frankly, the profile could use some work but now that he’s got access to American Pie residuals, it probably doesn’t make any difference.
We were tipped off to this information by reader who wrote, “For anyone who thought their aspirations of being in TMZ would be on hold while at Deloitte, think again.” Indeed.
For those not up to speed on their partygirl-suddenly-gets-married news, Reid and Kehayov got married an hour after being engaged on the Greek Isle of Santorini. Reid first announced their engagement on Twitter and then two tweets later she announced “Love in Greece…I am now a wife.”
She then tweeted several pictures including her ring and two portraits of the newlyweds. Her most recent tweet was simply “Bulgaria we love u!” Bulgaria being the home country of the Kehayov.
Anyway, more about Zach – like we said, his LinkedIn profile says he’s in the DC Metro area but on his D Street (that’s Deloitte’s internal Facebook) profile that you can see on the next page, it says he’s in Pittsburgh. His profile also says that he’s a Marymount University graduate, majoring in Financial Economics. He lists Georgetown Private Cliente (now part of DC-based Manna Capital Management) as a previous employer and as co-founder of Semper Sports, LLC (Google search turns up empty).
Gawker called a Kehayov a “a random giant-ring-buying rich guy who works in finance” but a Deloitte consultant hardly qualifies as a “rich guy.” Maybe his father is some captain-of-industry type in Bulgaria who gave his son boatloads of money to study/live/spread seed in the States but even if that’s the case, why would he go to school at Marymount? Perhaps the female to male ratio? But more importantly, why would he work at Deloitte? In Pittsburgh? Anyway, it appears he’s back in DC and is obviously doing all right for himself.
Although judging by this picture from the Daily Mail, Zach looks as though he needed some time away from the Green Dot. The man looks like he was ready for a vacation. We left messages for the numbers we could get for Mr. Kehayov but so far have heard nothing and considering he’s abroad, that’s understandable. Don’t rush back, Zach. You’ve got co-workers that have found peace while on vacation, you can do it too!
Multi-page post navigation:
Tags: Celebrity weddings, D Street, Deloitte, Deloitte Consulting, Tara Reid, Weddings, Zach Kehayov
Deloitte January 4, 2021
Promotion Watch ’20: Deloitte Australia Adds 43 to Partnership
That’s right, 26 men and 17 women now have a seat at the big kids table at Deloitte Australia. The lucky Green Dotters are: Andrea Abusah, Consulting Tom Alstein, Consulting Heidi Armin-Grimm, Tax & Legal Michael Barone, Tax & Legal Luke Bates, Financial Advisory Nick Bright, Financial Advisory Nicholas Brischetto, Risk Advisory Susan Brown, Consulting Brandon […]
Deloitte December 29, 2020
You Know It’s a Slow Time of Year When Life at Deloitte Is Tweeting Out Recipes
Now your home can smell all greasy like the Deloitte University cafeteria all year long. Many of you asked for it and here it is – the recipe for #DeloitteU’s hash brown cheese casserole! This simple dish is sure to make your holiday mornings special. We’re wishing you a joyous holiday season and a prosperous […]
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0012.json.gz/line1861
|
__label__wiki
| 0.901215
| 0.901215
|
Robert Plant at The Marquee | Review
Words: Bernard O'Rourke
Article Published: June 27, 2014
Robert Plant and the Sensational Space Shifters at Live at the Marquee, Cork, 25 June 2014
If Led Zeppelin at their best were never the most original of bands – in that they drew a little too heavily from their blues influences, enough so to blur the line between lines between inspiration and flat out stealing – then what does that make Robert Plant and the Sensational Space Shifters?
A cover of a cover?
It’s something of a paradox, but there is a certain purity to the way Plant and his latest band interpret a selection of Zeppelin’s back catalogue. By alternating between stripped back Americana roots music and psychedelic eastern rhythms, there is something genuinely fresh about the sound – not original exactly, but exciting nonetheless.
If a support act can be judged as a statement of the headliners intent, there were scarcely a better choice for Plant that the joyfully animated and eccentric North Mississippi Allstars. The blues/southern rock band employed an impromptu jam band vibe, the three piece trading off instruments from song to song (and occasionally mid-song) and employing the likes of an electric washboard (with its own wah-pedal) and a cigar-box guitar for a full boogie.
Any question as to whether the Sensational Space Shifters were just another of Plant’s many side projects – akin to his collaboration with Alison Kraus or the Band of Joy – gets dispelled before he even appears on stage. Adorning the backing banner is the image of a fresh faced golden god of rock surrounded by a psychedelic sixties flourish of colour. The Sensational Space Shifters represent a more deliberate step back towards Zeppelin since the last time Plant suggested he might not be totally opposed to an actual reunion after all.
Sure enough the opening number is the instantly familiar Babe I’m Gonna Leave You. The impressively hirsute guitarist Skin Tyson leading the way solo on acoustic guitar, before the whole the whole band crashes a verse or two later, with Plant roaring “Baaaaaabe” like he’s already on the encore and has nothing left to hold back for.
Zeppelin numbers keep flowing, but never just as expected. Black Dog sees Plant joined by Gambian musician Juldeh Camara on ritti – a single stringed fiddle from west Africa – who leads the song into uncharted territory. The Sensational Space Shifers keep up the jam band vibe set up by their support. Far from going through the motions, Plant dances around the stage like he’s having the time of his life, chanting along to Camara’s singing in his native language like a man possessed.
At times it’s bombastic, at others its delicate. A stripped back (and sublime) version of Going to California on mandolin and acoustic guitar sees Plant showcase his emotional finesse, while on Rock and Roll he gets to launch full force into his trademark soaring yells. Time has been even kinder to his vocal chords than it has been to those blonde locks. There are plenty of frontman half his age (or much less) who can’t conjure up this level of animation.
He strikes a delicate balance between the Bob Dylan school of unrecognisable reworked versions of classics, and basically every other legacy act of the ‘60s and ‘70s who are content to play the familiar songs as the audience want to hear them – hitting that sweet spot between familiar and surprising.
Even the smattering of new tracks – from a forthcoming album to be released in September – only push this experimentation even further. Little Maggie starts off on a straightforward bluegrass banjo riff before diving into a trance-infused rock-out, complete with the keyboardist using a moog to blend blues and electronic in a swell of synths.
Whole Lotta Love may have been inevitable, but Plant tries to sneak it in by launching into the first verse out of free form jam, without waiting for his band to hit that famous riff.
His encore is even more unexpected. It starts with Satan Your Kingdom Must Come Down, an interpretation of an old gospel song and concludes on What is and What Should Never Be, a Zeppelin song that’s from their most recognisable. The show loses momentum somewhat, but the finale is basically a free-for all anyway, with the actual song structures nothing more than a start point for the noise making, so it scarcely matters.
In a way, all of the night’s music is just a variation on a trick that Plant and Jimmy Page had figured out back in the late ‘60s: if you’re going to imitate, at least inject enough spirit into it that it looks like your own. All these years later Plant is still injecting so much spirit into his music it’s hard not be swept away by the mystique of it all.
Trophy Wife – Art
Touché Amoré – Lament
KITCHEN – apocroniCis
Tara Erraught – INO Mezzo Masterpieces 2
Diving Bells – Always Searching for Sleep
Other live reviews
The Unthanks at the National Concert Hall
a-ha at the 3Arena
Foo Fighters at The RDS
Mac DeMarco at Iveagh Gardens
Maria Kelly at The Sound House
Tara Erraught & Irish Baroque Orchestra at National Gallery, Dublin
Villagers at Iveagh Gardens
Cher at 3Arena
Bombay Bicycle Club at Vicar Street
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0012.json.gz/line1863
|
__label__wiki
| 0.796086
| 0.796086
|
See if your friends have read any of Michael Anthony's books
Michael Anthony’s Followers (59)
More followers…
in Mayaro, Trinidad and Tobago
Literature & Fiction, History
Librarian Note: There is more than one author in the Goodreads' database with this name. See this thread for more information.
Considered one of Trinidad’s foremost historians,
Anthony travelled to England in 1955, where he
worked in factories and as a telegraphist. His
literary career began with contributions to the
magazine Bim. His first novel, The Games Were
Coming, was published in 1963; his most famous,
The Year in San Fernando, in 1965. Other writings
include short collections Cricket in the Road (1973),
Sandra Street and Other Stories (1973) and The Chieftain’s
Carnival and Other Stories (1993), where each story is
based on significant events in Trinidad’s history.
Much of his work after 1975 consists of historical
research into his native isla Librarian Note: There is more than one author in the Goodreads' database with this name. See this thread for more information.
research into his native island. ...more
Combine Editions
Michael Anthony’s books
Michael Anthony Average rating: 4.04
· 1,751 ratings · 158 reviews · 108 distinct works • Similar authors
Green Days by the River (Caribbean Writers Series)
Michael Anthony,
Gareth Griffiths (Introduction)
4.08 avg rating — 991 ratings — published 1967 — 6 editions
The Year in San Fernando
Cricket in the Road
4.14 avg rating — 88 ratings — published 1973 — 3 editions
Games Were Coming
In the Heat of the Day
Port-of-Spain in a World at War 1939-1945, The making of Port-of-Spain Volume II
4.24 avg rating — 25 ratings — published 2008
First in Trinidad
Towns and Villages of Trinidad and Tobago
V is for Vegetables: Inspired Recipes & Techniques for Home Cooks - from Artichokes to Zucchini
3.68 avg rating — 19 ratings
More books by Michael Anthony…
No scheduled events. Add an event.
Quotes by Michael Anthony
“A book is from your heart and mind, it is your love put to words.”
― Michael Anthony
“Awareness Increases Success”
― Michael Anthony, The Mental Keys For Success In Sales
tags: inspirational
“My heart was burning for home. For a moment I felt like crying out, but at the moment of greater pain my mother's voice came back to me. It was as if she was here and talking, Stay and take an education, boy. Take it in, That's the main thing.”
― Michael Anthony, The Year in San Fernando
tags: caribbean-literature, education, trinidad-and-tobago
See all Michael Anthony's quotes »
Topics Mentioning This Author
Caribbean Authors: Puerto Rico - Trinidad & Tobago 3 163 Nov 06, 2009 03:59AM
The History Book ...: SPECIAL PEOPLE: MEDICS/PADRES/CHAPLAINS 47 312 Mar 10, 2017 07:03AM
The Perks Of Bein...: Team Neptune 1292 415 May 03, 2018 04:50AM
Around the World ...: Trinidad and Tobago 30 865 Jun 19, 2020 02:53AM
Is this you? Let us know. If not, help out and invite Michael to Goodreads.
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0012.json.gz/line1865
|
__label__wiki
| 0.513609
| 0.513609
|
General Motors unveils electric delivery truck
General Motors announced that it will separate its transportation and logistics activities into a new subsidiary of BrightDrop, whose first products will be electric delivery trucks and electric transport platforms.
The cars, powered by GM's Ultium battery platform, are expected to hit the market this year.
The announcement of the new logistics business comes as GM sees a major, centralized $ 27 billion operation to enter the manufacturing and design of electric vehicles.
General Motors, the largest automaker in North America, introduced a new logo throughout the rebranding.
General Motors is lagging behind Tesla and other electric vehicle manufacturers to convince its investors that it has a solid understanding of the future of electric mobility.
BrightDrop is a critical part of the hub, and thousands of electric trucks are expected to move in the next several years.
The first vehicle to be launched under the BrightDrop brand is the EP1 electric pallet platform, which can be used to transport packages from truck to customer door.
The maximum speed of the pallet is 4.8 kilometers per hour. Parcels can be stored inside as they have adjustable shelves and lockable doors.
In addition, the EP1 electric pallets can load up to 0.6 m3 of cargo and have a load capacity of 90 kg.
The EP1 electric pallet is designed to solve existing parcel delivery problems where parcels are usually random and not mounted on city sidewalks.
General Motors worked with FedEx Express on a pilot EP1 test program last year. With electric platforms, FedEx employees can handle 25% extra packages daily.
The EP1 electric platforms can transport goods more efficiently over short distances and production will begin in early 2021.
The second BrightDrop car is expected to be an electric vehicle called the EV600, which can travel 400 kilometers, has a payload area of 17 cubic meters and a total weight of 4,535 kilograms.
When connected to a 120kW fast charger, the charging speed is 170 km / h.
The car will go into production in the second half of 2021, and the first batch will be shipped by the end of the year.
BrightDrop EV600 includes a security system with motion sensors to keep the charging area safe.
Other equipment features are sliding doors, wide cabin aisles and large doors that can open automatically.
Commercial vehicles are equipped with several advanced driver assistance functions, including blind spot detection, lane keeping, and front and rear parking.
The large digital infotainment screen (13.4 inches) should be at the center of the cabin.
BrightDrop also offers a variety of programs for customers purchasing new commercial vehicles. Customers can track the location of each EP1 platform, remotely lock and unlock each platform, and monitor battery status.
The EV600 electric vehicle also has battery and location monitoring functions as well as driver safety training, accident records, remote diagnostics, safety warnings, and maintenance information. Air forecasts and updates.
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0012.json.gz/line1875
|
__label__wiki
| 0.532505
| 0.532505
|
Antiphospholipid Syndrome
IBD-Associated Arthritis
Osteoarthritis and Bone Disorders
Spondyloarthropathies
Vasculitis and Giant Cell Arteritis
All Subspecialties Antiphospholipid Syndrome Fibromyalgia Gout Hemochromatosis IBD-Associated Arthritis Imaging Infection Juvenile Arthritis Lupus Osteoarthritis and Bone Disorders Pain Management Polymyositis Practice Management Psoriatic Arthritis Raynaud’s Syndrome Reactive Arthritis Rheumatoid Arthritis Scleroderma Sjögren’s Syndrome Spondyloarthropathies Vasculitis and Giant Cell Arteritis
Interdisciplinary Autoimmune Summit
By Rob Volansky
Source/Disclosures
Ogdie A. Using Personal Technology to Track and Improve Outcomes in Inflammatory Arthritis. Presented at: Interdisciplinary Autoimmune Summit; July 10-12, 2020 (virtual meeting).
Disclosures: Ogdie reports consulting for AbbVie, Amgen, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Celgene, Corrona, Janssen, Lilly, Novartis Pharmaceuticals, Pfizer, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company and UCB; grant funding from Novartis Pharmaceuticals (to Penn), Pfizer (to Penn), Amgen (to Forward/NDB); and royalties (to husband) from Novartis Pharmaceuticals.
Making use of the 'new normal' of wearable technology in clinical practice
ADD TOPIC TO EMAIL ALERTS
Receive an email when new articles are posted on
Please provide your email address to receive an email when new articles are posted on .
ADDED TO EMAIL ALERTS
You've successfully added to your alerts. You will receive an email when new content is published.
Click Here to Manage Email Alerts
Back to Healio
We were unable to process your request. Please try again later. If you continue to have this issue please contact customerservice@slackinc.com.
Rapid development of personal technologies may lead to improved outcomes but additional challenges for the clinical and research communities dealing with conditions like inflammatory arthritis, according to a presenter at the 2020 Interdisciplinary Autoimmune Summit.
Alexis Ogdie, MD, MSCE, associate professor of medicine and epidemiology at the Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, addressed what she called the “new normal” of the COVID-19 era as it pertains to personal technology. “Many of us are just getting back to seeing patients in the office,” she said. “That was the old normal. The new normal is using personal technology.”
Rapid development of personal technologies may lead to improved outcomes but additional challenges for the clinical and research communities dealing with conditions like inflammatory arthritis, according to a presenter at IAS 2020.
Ogdie aimed to discuss how everything from smartphone telemedicine visits to wearable health outcome trackers can be used to leverage improved health care behaviors and outcomes in patients with immune-mediated conditions.
She broke this approach down into six components, including remote monitoring, understanding the problems, delivering interventions, reviewing self-directed feedback and interactions, predicting outcomes and offering direction for research. Moreover, the discussion was framed in the context of the so-called 5,000-hour problem.
Alexis Ogdie
“A patient comes in to see us for a 15-minute or half-hour visit,” Ogdie said. “Then they come see us in 3 months or 6 months. Think about all those hours in between those two points in care.”
In that intervening time, technology may be used to validate or refine patient-reported information. For example, actigraphs used to measure sleep in patients with RA provide complementary information to patient-reported outcomes.
Using data from those actigraphs, clinicians can then tailor interventions using a Fitbit or other wearable device. Clinicians can make use of everything from social norms to rewards to help patients change behaviors and reach goals. In addition, the device can provide real-time feedback to the patient to encourage continuation of the intervention and information that clinicians may use to make necessary changes or tweaks.
Despite these advantages, Ogdie stressed that wearables have their limitations. “You have to actually wear them, and charge them, and sync them,” she said.
Cost can be problematic for many patients. “Setup is not always intuitive,” Ogdie added. “Inter-device correlation can be low but intra-device correlation tends to be pretty good.”
The issues extend to the cosmetic. “The really good research-grade ones are ugly and that matters to patients,” Ogdie said.
Ogdie added that over- and under-estimation of the efficacy of wearable technologies is possible. However, she stressed that many of these limitations have always been limitations for technology in medicine, including poor quality, poor battery life and design issues. In addition, clinicians and patients alike may be uncomfortable with the technology.
Authentication can also be an issue, as can system integration.
The relationship between the device and the patient population must be considered, as must security and HIPAA compliance.
Despite these concerns, there is no doubt that wearable technology is here to stay, likely even in the post-COVID era, when in-patient visits can become normal again. “COVID has taught us a lot about how to interact with patients virtually,” Ogdie said. “I am hoping that the new normal will be that connected health is part of our day-to-day management of patients.”
inflammatory arthritis
perelman school of medicine university of pennsylvania
MORE FROM THIS Meeting
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0012.json.gz/line1880
|
__label__cc
| 0.561918
| 0.438082
|
Community Connectedness & Vulnerability
Image/Video Library
Apply to become a member
Are you ready to get involved?
Logging in / Registering allows you access to participate in our online forums where you can help shape the activities undertaken by the Latrobe Health Assembly
Now that you are logged in, you can now manage your user profile, interact with our online discussion forums and much more.
Members navigation
Mental Health Awareness Program
Home Portfolio Mental Health Awareness Program
16JulyCommunity ConnectednessCompleted ProjectsMental Health
This Mental Health Awareness Program is developed in 3 phases. Phase 1 & 2 activities where undertaken by Lifeline Gippsland to address Deliverable 88 from the Hazelwood Mine Fire State Government Implementation Plan Inquiry Report 2015-16. This phase of the project targeted businesses, organisations and key community influencers to build capacity and capability in recognising, understanding and supporting mental health in the community.
Deliverable 86: Provide funding for the development of strategies to increase awareness and community understanding of mental health issues, and how and where to get help
Deliverable 88: Provide funding for the development and delivery of programs to increase awareness of mental health issues.
In August 2017 Lifeline commenced activities against deliverable 88. This ‘Phase 1’ activity included conversations with the community on mental health. Lifeline used a mascot Harold the Alpaca to engage the community in incidental conversations on mental health. These conversations were structured and all staff and volunteers participating were trained accordingly. Deliverables included community walk activities, attendance at community events, Bunnings and McDonald’s project specific events and targeted community group events (e.g. TAFE, Aged Care). These activities engaged high numbers of people in the community across over 24 formal activities.
The use of Harold was extremely successful in breaking down barriers and starting conversations. Events such as the Bunnings Father’s Day event had more than 170 participants over 2 hours. The project received multi-media attention and ad hoc engagement from the local Member of Parliament. It continues to receive many requests from the community to attend their events. This suggests that there is a significant community appetite for further work in this area.
Phase 2 of this work drew on the success of the phase 1 activity. It built on the existing work by offering more formal mental health awareness, literacy and skill development to the wider community. A community consultation group “Friends of Lifeline” was established. This group developed and delivered short training sessions aimed at improving mental health awareness, literacy and capability to support one another across the general community. These sessions are based around the R U OK mental health conversations and form a part of the Mind the Valley group of activities. This work is now transitioning into a self-sustaining community driven activity, which will be continued to be delivered to wider community cohorts.
Phase 3 aims to target businesses and organisations within the Latrobe Valley and provide targeted mental health conversations based on a Mental Wealth approach. The project will facilitate Latrobe Valley businesses to participate in activities aimed at increasing the mental wealth of their community by, in part, increasing their mental health literacy, capacity and capability in supporting mental health issues.
The return on investment for this effort will be:
Assistance with developing internal mental health programs that have been shown to improve absenteeism, retention and productivity of staff.
Increased visibility and promotion in the community.
Increase productivity and growth potential.
Further updates on Phase 3 of the Mental Health Awareness Program will be provided in future editions of this document.
Dental Voucher Scheme
Up-skilling Dental Assistants
Gippsland Archive and Interpretive Discovery Centre Feasibility Study
Community Connectedness
Gratitude Walls
Community ConnectednessCompleted Projects
H2WOAH Campaign
Active LivingCompleted ProjectsEarly Childhood Development
256 Commercial Rd, Morwell, VIC 3840
info@healthassembly.org.au
Facebook-f Twitter Instagram Youtube
About Us Our Team How we make a difference Our Projects Latest News Contact Us
Latrobe Health Assembly acknowledges community concerns regarding lead recycling plant
Clowning around to share hope and optimism
World Premiere of song about Latrobe Valley set to showcase local pride
Enter your email address below to receive regular (but not too regular) updates direct to your inbox.
Copyright © 2020 Latrobe Health Assembly. All Rights Reserved.
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0012.json.gz/line1883
|
__label__cc
| 0.516498
| 0.483502
|
Rotary MRO Week
Canadian Innovation In Rotary MRO Week
Bell 505 Jet Ranger gets TC certification
By Bell Helicopter
Bell Helicopter has announced that its Bell 505 Jet Ranger X has been certified by the Transport Canada Civil Aviation (TCCA).
Unveiled in 2013, the new, five-seat helicopter went from concept to a successful first flight in 20 months. Since then, the aircraft has flown more than 1,000 flight hours and undergone rigorous activities to ensure customers have superior handling qualities and payload performance.
Transport Canada, federal officials and Safran Helicopter Engines joined Bell Helicopter at its Mirabel facility to commemorate the achievement.
“Today’s announcement reaffirms Bell Helicopter’s unwavering commitment to product development and the introduction of new and enhanced products to the marketplace,” said Mitch Snyder, Bell Helicopter’s President and CEO. “The Bell 505 is truly a game changer in the short light single market, and we are proud of the excellent team that drove this program through certification as well as our suppliers, customers, certification authorities and the customer advisory panel that worked with us every step of the way.”
The customer response has been astounding with more than 400 letters of intent worldwide since the initial launch in 2014. The Bell 505 offers operators many standout advantages including the Safran Helicopter Engines Arrius 2R engine that incorporates the dual channel Full Authority Digital Engine Control (FADEC) that delivers exceptional performance and reduces pilot workload. A first-in-class fully integrated Garmin G1000H flight deck features dual 10.4-inch (26.4 cm) displays, which provide critical flight information for crews at a glance. Through Bell Helicopter’s high inertia rotor system, Bell Helicopter has demonstrated throughout the flight test program exceptional autorotation capability that is part of the Jet Ranger legacy.
Every Bell helicopter is backed by the largest support network in the industry with more than 100 Authorized Customer Service Facilities located around the globe. The Bell 505 is now available for expanded support offerings through Bell Helicopter’s Customer Advantage Plans (CAP), which provides customers with comprehensive coverage solutions for daily operations. The plans offer a fixed-price-per-flight-hour that provides predictable maintenance costs, priority access to parts and assemblies, and ease of maintenance and planning.
Additionally, the Bell Helicopter Training Academy is prepared for entry into service with customer training, and the flight training device and coursework are all on track.
Aviation This Week Jan. 6, 2017
Breaking the ice: heavy-lift helicopter keeping Vancouver safe
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0012.json.gz/line1887
|
__label__cc
| 0.509931
| 0.490069
|
Stern Show’s Shuli Egar Now Calls Alabama Home
Ronnie Mund’s ‘Mom’ Calls in to Cheer Her Son Up After the Death of His Cat
“Don’t worry, be horny,” she sings to Howard’s despondent limo driver
Ronnie “the Limo Driver” Mund fell into a funk recently after his pet passed away and social distancing forced him to forego throwing an end-of-summer shindig. At one point, the typically chipper Stern Show staffer became so despondent on social media his colleagues started to worry.
“I actually had to call him to make sure he was alright—and you know I don’t like doing that,” Howard joked on Tuesday morning. “He was upset. His cat died,” he added, explaining Ronnie and his bride-to-be Stephanie were so upset about it they didn’t have sex the entire weekend.
“Oh dear,” co-host Robin Quivers said. “He lost another animal?”
“He’s depressed because he doesn’t have a lot of hobbies and stuff. He’s just sitting around the house cleaning,” Howard continued. “Being home alone is not a good scene for Ronnie.”
“It’s just one thing after another. This whole year has just been shit,” Ronnie agreed, explaining he’s doubly frustrated because the quarantine is keeping him cooped up at home during his golden years. “How much fucking time do I got left?” the 70-year-old said at one point.
Unhappy MUNDAY. 2020 the year of sadness. Just when you think things are getting to be a little better something brings you back down. SUCKS
— ronnie mund (@rmlimodriver69) August 31, 2020
Ronnie told Howard he’s been forced to cancel travel plans to Las Vegas, the city where he soon plans to retire, four times. Adding insult to injury, the indefatigable extrovert also recently canceled his annual block party. “It was the perfect weather for it. It was great, and I sat in my backyard and looked at fucking water. By myself,” Ronnie lamented.
Thankfully, “Ronnie’s Mom” called into the show to cheer her son up in spectacular fashion.
“Don’t be sad, Ronnie. Your best days are still ahead of you—inside your balls,” she told her son. “You have a lot to look forward to—in your balls.”
“That’s what I’m trying to do, Mom, but this year doesn’t seem to be working out with that shit,” Ronnie responded.
“Ronnie’s Mom” in the Stern Show studio Photo: The Howard Stern Show
“He didn’t expect his elderly years to look like this,” Howard told “Ronnie’s Mom.”
“You feel time slipping away, Ronnie? You know how to stop time. You shove an hour glass up your ass! I’ve got a whole coo-coo-clock shoved up my cooch,” she continued. “It’s going off right now.”
“Ronnie’s Mom” dispensed plenty of colorful advise Tuesday morning, but did she succeed in lifting Ronnie’s spirits?
“Oh yeah, she made me fucking feel better,” Howard’s limo driver deadpanned.
Ronnie and his “mom” ended their heartfelt call by teaming up together on a merry duet, “Don’t Worry, Be Horny.” “Goo, goo, goo, goo, goo—don’t worry, be horny,” they sang in unison.
VIDEO: Tan Mom’s ‘Tan Talk’ Special Goes South When Wack Packer Reveals She Gets Horny in the Tanning Booth
VIDEO: Chris Wilding & Ralph Cirella Review Aaron Carter’s Porn Debut
Previous Show Next Show
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0012.json.gz/line1894
|
__label__cc
| 0.73703
| 0.26297
|
How to Transform HR Data Into Business Results
Gold Guest Author Mar 09, 2020 | 07:37 PM | 5 Mins Read | Level - Intermediate | Read Mode
Dave Weisbeck Chief Strategy Officer, Visier
A seasoned software executive, Dave Weisbeck’s experience ranges from building development teams to growing multi-billion dollar businesses as a General Manager. With twenty years in the information management and analytics industry, Dave’s prior roles include developing Crystal Decisions and Business Objects products and product strategy. Most recently Dave was the Senior Vice President and General Manager responsible for Business Intelligence, Enterprise Information Management, and Data Warehousing at SAP. Dave holds a position on the HR.com Advisory Board.
HR in 2020: Reskilling Goes Into Overdrive 1 year ago
How to Engage Generation Z in Workplace Learning & Development 1 year ago
How to Address Internal Skills Gaps Through Talent Management to Improve Business Outcomes 1 year ago
4 Essential Skills an HR Technologist Will Need for the Future 2 years ago
The Top Learning & Development Questions Solved by Analytics 1 year ago
What We’ve Gotten Wrong About HR Transformation 1 year ago
To move people analytics forward, people experts need the skills to ask the right questions of the data and turn those insights into a story that will engage, resonate, and encourage stakeholders to take action. Dave Weisbeck, Chief Strategy Officer with Visier, provides tips on how HR business partners can translate data into business results.
For most business professionals, being proficient at analytics remains a daunting task. With the rise in AI and machine learning, the job of using these effectively can feel impossible.
If you are a human resources professional who needs to leverage this kind of technology to help make better decisions about your organization's people, don't worry: you don't need to be a data scientist to impact your organization.
The real gap in moving people analytics forward lies, not just in getting more data scientists, but in giving the people experts the skills they need to ask the right questions of the data, and then turning those insights into a story that will engage, resonate, and encourage stakeholders to take action.
HR Business Partners (HRBPs) as Data Translators
It's this reason why, by 2026, the McKinsey Global Institute estimates that demand for "data translators" in the United States alone may reach two to four million. Translators are not data scientists; instead, they bridge the technical expertise with the operational knowledge of marketing, supply chain, manufacturing, risk, and other frontline managers.
In the HR context, this means mapping statistics back to meaningful stories, such as how turnover impacts innovation, revenue, or customer satisfaction. Within HR, HRBPs are in the perfect position to play this role. Their mandate is to work closely with an organization's senior leaders to develop a people agenda that firmly supports the overall aims of the organization—my training on being an active business partner centered on asking the most powerful and impactful questions. As a data translator, we can now more effectively help answer those questions.
As we have found, successful people analytics adopters have taken an approach where statistics-heavy specialists will do the intensive part of the research. Still, the HRBPs will own the process of highlighting the impactful questions, and telling the story to inform and engage stakeholders on the answers.
Challenge of Working With Data
Even though an in-depth knowledge of programming languages and statistics is not necessary, there is still a learning curve for data-aspiring HRBPs. The challenge appears to be two-pronged: technical and strategic.
On the one hand, HRBPs have not finished the transformation to become more comfortable with metrics and data. While demands for this type of analysis and information are entering the mainstream, nonetheless, these demands represent a recent change for the human resources function.
The other challenge has less to do with numbers and more to do with understanding the business. "In my future research on people analytics enablement, I spoke with numerous organizations that reported less than 25% of their HRBPs understood the businesses they support. Instead of providing strategic insight, many HRBPs still operate more as administrative aides to the business and prefer to handle employee relations problems," writes Lexy Martin, a respected thought leader on HR technology adoption.
Becoming more business and numbers-savvy is no easy feat. But here are some tips you can start using today:
Start the Journey
Becoming savvy in your business is a journey of constant exploration. Markets change, business strategies change, and competitors rise and fall. You cannot know it all nor become an expert overnight. So make having conversations with a diverse set of business leaders across your organization a priority. Be curious and understand what matters most to them and how people impact their success.
When it comes to being data-driven, you don't need to boil the ocean right away. Start by finding something specific (such as turnover) that you care about. Dig deep enough to become an expert on the topic by gaining an understanding of how the data changes over time, by tenure, for high or low performers. What patterns can you discover in the data?
Connect to the Business
HR leaders know the importance of understanding the business. Oftentimes, not getting that aligned with the data will send you off into a discussion that is not important. Asking the powerful right question is at the heart of being a great business partner, and working with data is no different. How does diversity impact hiring? How does hiring impact our business? Data on people goes from interesting to business-critical when you can connect people's decisions to business outcomes.
Walk Away From the Data
One of the top experts in the field of data storytelling is Cole Nussbaumer Knaflic. Before becoming the bestselling author of Storytelling With Data, she spent over a decade refining her skills through analytical roles in banking, private equity, and at Google.
Speaking at Visier Outsmart, a conference for data-driven leaders, Knaflic demonstrated how a story arc forms a bridge from our short term memory to our long term memory.
It can be challenging to distill the data into a tidy narrative structure. But as Knaflic recommends, once the analysis is complete, put all the data aside and talk it over with a colleague. Remember that data is evidence, and you have to tell the story to win the case. Stories are how we engage people, and in the case of data, you need to act like an investigative journalist - a data journalist who tells their story with data.
Include "So That" in Your Statements
Also, during Visier's Outsmart, Dave Ulrich (widely known as the father of modern HR) shared a little trick to ensure you are connecting your insights to the business. If you want business leaders to pay attention, include the phrase "so that" in reviewing and sharing your story. Business leaders are looking for business impact and asking, "so that" forces you to understand and explain the effects. But the phrase also makes people pay closer attention because conclusions force them to evaluate whether they agree or disagree with your findings. Remember, you are the expert, so share your expertise rather than just the data presented in a strictly factual manner.
Learn More: HR in 2020: Reskilling Goes Into Overdrive
Prompt with a Question
One of the best ways to contextualize data is to start from the business question. We use data to help us make better decisions. It is evidence that informs our choices, but without understanding what decision we are making or what challenges we are facing, you cannot apply the right data to the right problem. The easiest way to make this connection is to start with the right question.
For example, when evaluating compensation, there can be many opportunities. Are you concerned you are paying above or below the market? Is it impacting your ability to hire? That you are not fostering a pay for performance culture? Which question you are focusing on can both narrow the data work, but just as importantly, it makes it easy for your audience to participate in the discussion and decision.
The demand for people analytics skills is not going away any time soon. Today the HR team is no longer asked to provide data; Instead, it is requested to provide input on what the data means as well as recommendations for interventions. This is only going to continue, as studies have shown that "people analytics" was one of the fields with the highest increase in expected impact among HR professionals. By empowering HRBPs with data now, organizations can be prepared to tackle the future of work head-on.
Learn More: How to Engage Generation Z in Workplace Learning & Development
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0012.json.gz/line1895
|
__label__wiki
| 0.907333
| 0.907333
|
Sen. Mitch McConnell Won't Convene Senate This Week For Impeachment Trial
The Republican leader has rejected a Democratic push for him to call the Senate into an emergency session.
David Morgan and Richard Cowan
WASHINGTON (Reuters) ― As the House of Representatives moved on Wednesday toward a vote to make Donald Trump the first U.S. president to be impeached twice, the Senate’s top Republican rejected Democratic calls to reconvene the Senate for an immediate trial, all but ensuring Trump will not be ousted before his term ends next week.
A spokesman for Senate Majority Leader Mitch McConnell confirmed on Twitter a Washington Post report that McConnell had informed the Senate’s top Democrat, Chuck Schumer, he is not willing to bring the chamber into emergency session to consider removing Trump from office following House impeachment.
The planned House vote later on Wednesday comes a week after a pro-Trump mob swarmed the U.S. Capitol in a deadly attack shortly after the Republican president delivered an incendiary speech to thousands of supporters and repeated false claims of an election stolen from him due to widespread voting fraud. The mob interrupted the formal certification of Democratic President-elect Joe Biden’s victory over Trump in the Nov. 3 election.
The House debated a single article of impeachment formally charging Trump with inciting insurrection.
“We know that the president of the United States incited this insurrection, this armed rebellion against our common country,” House Speaker Nancy Pelosi, a Democrat, told her fellow lawmakers. “He must go. He is a clear and present danger to the nation that we all love.”
Reuters had earlier reported that Republican Senate leadership was discussing whether to initiate a trial as early as Friday, ahead of Biden’s inauguration on Jan. 20.
Trump’s supporters on Jan. 6 breached the Capitol, sent lawmakers fleeing and left five dead in their wake, including a police officer.
Pelosi said Trump has engaged in a “war on democracy,” and that the “insurrectionists” and “domestic terrorists” who stormed the Capitol were “sent here by the president.”
No U.S. president ever has been removed from office through impeachment. Three - Trump in 2019, Bill Clinton in 1998 and Andrew Johnson in 1868 - previously have been impeached by the House but were left in power by the Senate.
Republicans made speeches urging the House not to impeach Trump in the interest in promoting national healing, with some accusing Democrats of recklessness.
Lawmakers remained on edge after last week’s violence, and large numbers of National Guard troops wearing fatigues and carrying rifles were stationed outside and inside the building.
Under the U.S. Constitution, impeachment in the House triggers a trial in the Senate. McConnell has said no trial could begin until the Senate was scheduled to be back in regular session on Jan. 19, only a day before Biden is due to be sworn in.
‘Cancel The President’
Republican congressman Jim Jordan, a prominent Trump ally who led his party’s opposition to the first impeachment in 2019, accused Democrats of pursuing an impeachment drive that he said began soon after Trump’s inauguration in 2016.
“Why? Politics and the fact that they want to cancel the president,” Jordan said on the House floor.
Lawmakers delivered speeches on the House floor while wearing masks amid the COVID-19 pandemic.
Impeachment is a remedy devised by America’s 18th century founders to enable Congress to remove a president who has committed, as the Constitution states, “treason, bribery or other high crimes and misdemeanors.” If Trump is impeached, a two-thirds majority of the Republican-led Senate is needed to convict him, meaning at least 17 Republicans in the 100-member chamber would have to find him guilty.
If Trump is removed from office, Vice President Mike Pence would become president and fill out his term.
Trump’s actions have weakened his grip over his party. While no Republican senators have said they would vote to convict, two - Lisa Murkowski of Alaska and Pat Toomey of Pennsylvania - have called on Trump to resign.
At least five House Republicans, including Liz Cheney, a member of her party’s leadership team, said they would vote for impeachment.
The House convened in the same chamber where lawmakers hid under chairs and donned gas masks last Wednesday as rioters clashed with police in the halls of the Capitol after Trump urged supporters to march on the building.
“Instead of moving forward as a unifying force, the majority in the House is choosing to divide us further,” Oklahoma Republican Tom Cole said on the House floor.
Cole was one of 139 House Republicans who voted against certifying the election results hours after the violence.
“The president of the United States instigated an attempted coup in this country,” Democratic Representative Jim McGovern said on the House floor before a procedural vote on moving forward with impeachment. “People died. Everybody should be outraged. If this is not an impeachable offense, I don’t know what the hell is.”
Some Republicans called for the creation of a commission to study the events surrounding the siege as an alternative to impeachment.
The House previously voted to impeach Trump in December 2019 on charges of abuse of power and obstruction of Congress stemming from his request that Ukraine investigate Biden and his son Hunter ahead of the election, as Democrats accused him of soliciting foreign interference to smear a domestic political rival. The Republican-led Senate in February 2020 voted to keep Trump in office.
Wednesday’s article of impeachment accused Trump of “incitement of insurrection,” saying he provoked violence against the U.S. government in a speech to thousands of supporters near the White House shortly before the Capitol siege. The article also cited Trump’s Jan. 2 phone call asking a Georgia official to “find” votes to overturn Biden’s victory in the state.
During his Jan. 6 speech, Trump falsely claimed he had defeated Biden, repeated unfounded allegations of widespread fraud and irregularities in a “rigged” election, told his supporters to “stop the steal,” “show strength,” “fight much harder” and use “very different rules” and promised to go with them to the Capitol, though he did not.
“If you don’t fight like hell, you’re not going to have a country anymore,” Trump told his supporters.
Only a simple Senate majority is needed to disqualify Trump from future office, but there is disagreement among legal experts as to whether an impeachment conviction is required first.
(Reporting by David Morgan and Richard Cowan; Additional reporting by Susan Cornwell, Doina Chiacu, Susan Heavey and James Oliphant; Writing by Joseph Ax; Editing by Will Dunham, Scott Malone and Chizu Nomiyama)
David Morgan and Richard Cowan Reuters
MORE: Donald Trump Politics and Government Politics Mitch McConnell government Legislative Branch Impeachment trial of Donald Trump
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0012.json.gz/line1896
|
__label__wiki
| 0.536905
| 0.536905
|
Korindo palm oil plantation calls police to settle land dispute – One indigenous Papuan dies as a result of torture
Published on Sunday, 17 May 2020 06:41
The ‘Office for Justice and Peace of the Archdiocese of Merauke’ (SKP Keuskupan Agung Merauke) has documented the killing of an indigenous Papuan from the Asiki district in the regency of Boven Digoel. Witnesses saw how a police officer severely tortured Marius Betera in front of the office building of palm oil company PT. Tunas Sawa Erma POP Block A (PT. TSE POP A) after he complained about the clearing of his garden by one of the company’s excavators. The victim died at the company’s clinic approximately three hours after the incident as a result of the injuries he sustained during the beating. Local human rights organisations demand that the alleged perpetrator should be held responsible in a police-internal code of conduct trial and a criminal trial in a public court. PT. TSE POP A is a subsidiary of the Korindo Group, which operates multiple palm oil and timber companies in West Papua.
According to the information received, Marius Betara went to his garden on 16 May 2020 around 9.00 am and saw that the garden had been cleared by an excavator. Angry about the loss of his harvest and crops, Narius Betara went to the local police post and subsequently to the administrative office of PT. TSE POP A at Camp 19 in the Jair District of Boven Digoel Regency, Papua Province. Around 10.00 am, Mr Betara met with the company’s Planning Manager, Mr Andi Suparna, to complain about the destruction of his garden and demand compensation for the loss of his harvest. Thereupon, the manager asked Melkianus Yowei to come to the office to “handle” the dispute. Mr Yowei is a police officer who used to serve at the police post in Camp 19 but was transferred to the Tanah Merah police resort in 2019. The reason for the transfer was alleged violence against an elderly indigenous woman.
When Marius Betara went back outside, officer Yowei intercepted him in front of the office. He seized Mr Betapa’s bow and a machete and subsequently struck the bow in Marius Betara’s face. Officer Yowei punched Mr Betara at least four times in the neck and the temple. According to witnesses, he also kicked him repeatedly in the stomach. Witnesses stated that the victim was bleeding from the ear after the beating. The torture appeared to be an act of punishment because Marius Betara had complained about the destruction of his garden.
Around 11.00 am Marius Betara went to the Police Chief at the police post in Camp 19 to file a complaint against the destruction of his garden and the violent assault by officer Yowei. When no police officer was available, he returned back home to rest. Around 1.00 pm, Marius Betara felt unwell. He took his bike and drove to the clinic at Camp 19. Marius Betara fainted immediately after arriving at the clinic. He died there shortly after.
The victim’s family demanded the Police Chief to dismiss Melkianus Yowei from the police service. They also demanded the company PT. TSE POP A to dismiss the planning manager and security officers because of their negligent behaviour resulting in the torture and subsequent death of Marius Betara. It is currently not known whether the relatives have agreed to a forensic examination of the body.
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0012.json.gz/line1897
|
__label__wiki
| 0.779508
| 0.779508
|
LITERARY CRITICISM: Asian: Chinese
See All Literary Criticism Books »
Search Results: 58 found (sorted by author)
Shifting Stories: History, Gossip, and Lore in Narratives from Tang Dynasty China Allen, Sarah M. HARDCOVER 10/13/2014 $39.95
The Transport of Reading: Text and Understanding in the World of Tao Qian (365–427) Ashmore, Robert HARDCOVER 11/30/2010 $39.95
Neo-Confucianism in History Bol, Peter K. PAPERBACK 05/01/2010 $24.95
Through a Forest of Chancellors: Fugitive Histories in Liu Yuan’s Lingyan ge, an Illustrated Book from Seventeenth-Century Suzhou Burkus-Chasson, Anne HARDCOVER 05/31/2010 $60.00
The Chinese Dreamscape, 300 BCE–800 CE Campany, Robert Ford HARDCOVER 10/13/2020 $55.00
The Chinese Dreamscape, 300 BCE–800 CE Campany, Robert Ford PAPERBACK 10/13/2020 $30.00
Anecdote, Network, Gossip, Performance: Essays on the Shishuo xinyu Chen, Jack W. HARDCOVER 03/23/2021 $60.00
Savage Exchange: Han Imperialism, Chinese Literary Style, and the Economic Imagination Chin, Tamara T. HARDCOVER 10/06/2014 $49.95
Savage Exchange: Han Imperialism, Chinese Literary Style, and the Economic Imagination Chin, Tamara T. PAPERBACK 04/07/2020 $28.00
Bannermen Tales (Zidishu): Manchu Storytelling and Cultural Hybridity in the Qing Dynasty Chiu, Elena Suet-Ying HARDCOVER 02/26/2018 $49.95
Lu Xun's Revolution: Writing in a Time of Violence Davies, Gloria HARDCOVER 04/08/2013 $40.00
Worrying about China: The Language of Chinese Critical Inquiry Davies, Gloria PAPERBACK 03/30/2009 $37.00
The Dynamics of Masters Literature: Early Chinese Thought from Confucius to Han Feizi Denecke, Wiebke HARDCOVER 01/10/2011 $39.95
Testing the Literary: Prose and the Aesthetic in Early Modern China Des Forges, Alexander HARDCOVER 04/13/2021 $60.00
Competing Discourses: Orthodoxy, Authenticity, and Engendered Meanings in Late Imperial Chinese Fiction Epstein, Maram HARDCOVER 06/01/2001 $39.50
Drifting among Rivers and Lakes: Southern Song Dynasty Poetry and the Problem of Literary History Fuller, Michael A. HARDCOVER 11/25/2013 $59.95
An Introduction to Chinese Poetry: From the Canon of Poetry to the Lyrics of the Song Dynasty Fuller, Michael A. HARDCOVER 02/12/2018 $65.00
An Introduction to Chinese Poetry: From the Canon of Poetry to the Lyrics of the Song Dynasty Fuller, Michael A. PAPERBACK 02/12/2018 $45.00
A Bibliography of Studies and Translations of Modern Chinese Literature, 1918-1942 Gibbs, Donald
Li, Yun-chen HARDCOVER 01/01/1975 $31.50
Modern Chinese Literature in the May Fourth Era Goldman, Merle PAPERBACK 01/01/1985 $45.50
The Invention of Li Yu Hanan, Patrick E-DITION 08/24/1988 $65.00 Available from De Gruyter »
Home and the World: Editing the “Glorious Ming” in Woodblock-Printed Books of the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries He, Yuming HARDCOVER 06/03/2013 $39.95
Home and the World: Editing the “Glorious Ming” in Woodblock-Printed Books of the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries He, Yuming PAPERBACK 04/07/2020 $25.00
Desire and Fictional Narrative in Late Imperial China Huang, Martin W. HARDCOVER 08/15/2001 $39.50
Developmental Fairy Tales: Evolutionary Thinking and Modern Chinese Culture Jones, Andrew F. HARDCOVER 05/02/2011 $59.50
Sound Rising from the Paper: Nineteenth-Century Martial Arts Fiction and the Chinese Acoustic Imagination Keulemans, Paize HARDCOVER 11/24/2014 $49.95
Strange Eventful Histories: Identity, Performance, and Xu Wei's Four Cries of a Gibbon Kwa, Shiamin HARDCOVER 01/07/2013 $39.95
Women and National Trauma in Late Imperial Chinese Literature Li, Wai-yee HARDCOVER 08/11/2014 $69.95
Feeling the Past in Seventeenth-Century China Ling, Xiaoqiao HARDCOVER 10/15/2019 $60.00
Accidental Incest, Filial Cannibalism, and Other Peculiar Encounters in Late Imperial Chinese Literature Lu, Tina HARDCOVER 01/31/2009 $39.95
Jottings under Lamplight Lu, Xun
Cheng, Eileen J.
Denton, Kirk A. HARDCOVER 09/18/2017 $35.00
Cherishing Antiquity: The Cultural Construction of an Ancient Chinese Kingdom Milburn, Olivia HARDCOVER 11/18/2013 $39.95
Poetry and Painting in Song China: The Subtle Art of Dissent Murck, Alfreda PAPERBACK 04/01/2002 $35.00
Manifest in Words, Written on Paper: Producing and Circulating Poetry in Tang Dynasty China Nugent, Christopher M. B. HARDCOVER 01/01/2011 $45.00
Facing the Monarch: Modes of Advice in the Early Chinese Court Olberding, Garret P. S. HARDCOVER 10/21/2013 $39.95
Precious Volumes: An Introduction to Chinese Sectarian Scriptures from the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries Overmyer, Daniel L. HARDCOVER 07/01/1999 $57.95
Just a Song: Chinese Lyrics from the Eleventh and Early Twelfth Centuries Owen, Stephen HARDCOVER 04/02/2019 $49.95
Mi-Lou: Poetry and the Labyrinth of Desire Owen, Stephen E-DITION 05/31/1989 $65.00 Available from De Gruyter »
Homesickness: Culture, Contagion, and National Transformation in Modern China Rojas, Carlos HARDCOVER 04/06/2015 $51.00
The Naked Gaze: Reflections on Chinese Modernity Rojas, Carlos HARDCOVER 01/31/2009 $45.00
Critics and Commentators: The Book of Poems as Classic and Literature Rusk, Bruce HARDCOVER 12/17/2012 $39.95
One Who Knows Me: Friendship and Literary Culture in Mid-Tang China Shields, Anna M. HARDCOVER 04/13/2015 $49.95
Young China: National Rejuvenation and the Bildungsroman, 1900–1959 Song, Mingwei HARDCOVER 01/18/2016 $49.95
Chinese Literary Forms in Heian Japan: Poetics and Practice Steininger, Brian HARDCOVER 06/26/2017 $39.95
Reading Philosophy, Writing Poetry: Intertextual Modes of Making Meaning in Early Medieval China Swartz, Wendy HARDCOVER 03/19/2018 $49.95
Reading Tao Yuanming: Shifting Paradigms of Historical Reception (427 - 1900) Swartz, Wendy HARDCOVER 09/30/2008 $49.95
Beacon Fire and Shooting Star: The Literary Culture of the Liang (502–557) Tian, Xiaofei HARDCOVER 12/30/2007 $49.50
The Halberd at Red Cliff: Jian’an and the Three Kingdoms Tian, Xiaofei HARDCOVER 06/04/2018 $49.95
Visionary Journeys: Travel Writings from Early Medieval and Nineteenth-Century China Tian, Xiaofei HARDCOVER 01/02/2012 $39.95
A Passage to China: Literature, Loyalism, and Colonial Taiwan Tsai, Chien-hsin HARDCOVER 04/10/2017 $49.95
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0012.json.gz/line1899
|
__label__cc
| 0.586359
| 0.413641
|
Indian Frontliners 's “Cancer Awareness Programme” Got Overwelming Response
Indian Frontliners (IFL) organized a “Cancer Awareness Programme” on the evening of 30th November 2019 at Hotel Vasantha Bhavan, Mahboula.
After a Meet and Greet over tea and snacks, Mrs. Rajalakshmi welcomed the gathering. This was followed by the national anthems of Kuwait and India and presentation of bouquets to eminent guests, following which the main program started.
Madhulika introduced Pravasi Bharatiya Divas Awardee and eminent Oncologist from the Kuwait Cancer Control Center, Dr. Susovana Sujit Nair, who was the keynote speaker for the evening. Dr. Susovanna led the audience through an audio visual presentation on the incidence and likely causes of Cancer.
She made the gathering aware of common symptoms of various types of Cancer and emphasized the importance of regular checkups. She was a convincing advocate of bringing about lifestyle changes in order to prevent Cancer and also shared her insights on how Cancer need not mean catastrophe and how early detection is crucial to a cure.
At the end of the presentation, IFL president Dr. Ananthi Natarajan and former President Mr. A.N. Natarajan honoured Dr. Susovna. IFL also honoured Dr. Hythar Ali, Chairman – TVS Hyder Group for receiving “Life Time Achievement Award” from World Tamil Organization (UK) at the House of Commons of the British Parliament, London.
Dr. Asad Khan, GM and Managing Partner - Kuwait Swedish Cleaning Services was honoured by the IFL team for receiving an Honorary Doctorate from the United Nation University of Global Peace, USA and for being awarded by the Humanity First Foundation.
IFL also honoured Mr. Harjeet Sawhney, Country Manager - Air India and the IFL Team members, Mr. Arumugam and Mrs. Priya Ambalavanan who are relocating from Kuwait; for their support and dedicated community service.
As a token of appreciation, Marina optics presented a special gift to Dr susovana for her excellent presentation and Vaigai herbal co presented gifts to the guests.
Event was compeered by Mrs. Rajalakshmi and supported by Mrs. Madhulika Mohata, Mrs. Rathichitra Muralidharan, Mrs. Premika and Mrs. Vijayapriya Ramanan.
The entire event was organized and coordinated by Mr. Hari, Mr. Lakshman, Mr. Mathi, Mr. Subbu, Mr. Durai, Mr. Alavudeen, Mr. Nagu and Mr. N.C.Mohandoss.The event was successfully concluded with the packed audience enjoying the Vasantha Bhavan dinner.
by Subbu & Madhulika Mohata
Photos by; Abenesh
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0012.json.gz/line1901
|
__label__wiki
| 0.719333
| 0.719333
|
20190806 Orthodox Church Files New Lawsuit in Jerusalem
Orthodox Church Files New Lawsuit in Jerusalem
The New Imperial Hotel, built in 1884 just inside the Old City's Jaffa Gate, boasts hosting Kaiser Wilhelm II when he visited Palestine in 1898. In June 2019 Israel's Supreme Court rejected an appeal by the Greek Orthodox Patriarchate thus approving the sale of the New Imperial Hotel and the Petra Hostel to the Jewish right wing group Ateret Cohanim, which seeks to increase Jewish presence in the Old City. The Patriarchate filed a new indictment 5th August, 2019, with the Jerusalem District Court to annul the Supreme Court's decision citing new evidence including recordings and forged documents allegedly proving the 2004 deals involved bribes by then paid to former Patriarchate employee, Nicholas Papadimas.
A Franciscan priest walks towards the Jaffa Gate. In June 2019 Israel's Supreme Court rejected an appeal by the Greek Orthodox Patriarchate thus approving the sale of the New Imperial Hotel and the Petra Hostel to the Jewish right wing group Ateret Cohanim, which seeks to increase Jewish presence in the Old City. The Patriarchate filed a new indictment 5th August, 2019, with the Jerusalem District Court to annul the Supreme Court's decision citing new evidence including recordings and forged documents allegedly proving the 2004 deals involved bribes by then paid to former Patriarchate employee, Nicholas Papadimas.
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0012.json.gz/line1906
|
__label__wiki
| 0.88972
| 0.88972
|
PG&E Reaches $13.5B Wildfire Settlement
In most cases the 2017 and 2018 fires were blamed on power lines.
In this Nov. 8, 2018 file photo, a home burns as a wildfire called the Camp Fire rages through Paradise, Calif. Pacific Gas and Electric says it has reached a $13.5 billion settlement that will resolve all major claims related to devastating wildfires blamed on its outdated equipment and negligence. The settlement, which the utility says was reached Friday, Dec. 6, 2019, still requires court approval.
AP Photo/Noah Berger, File
LOS ANGELES (AP) — Pacific Gas and Electric announced Friday it has reached a tentative $13.5 billion settlement resolving all major claims related to the deadly, devastating Northern California wildfires of 2017-2018 that were blamed on its outdated equipment and negligence.
The utility says the deal, which still requires court approval, represents a key step in leading it out of Chapter 11 bankruptcy.
The deal is expected to resolve all claims arising from a series of deadly 2017 Northern California wildfires and the 2018 Camp Fire, which killed 85 people and all but incinerated the town of Paradise. It also resolves claims from the 2015 Butte Fire and Oakland’s 2016 Ghost Ship Fire.
“From the beginning of the Chapter 11 process, getting wildfire victims fairly compensated, especially the individuals, has been our primary goal," Bill Johnson, PG&E Corporation's CEO and president, said in a statement Friday. “We want to help our customers, our neighbors and our friends in those impacted areas recover and rebuild after these tragic wildfires.”
In most cases the 2017 and 2018 fires were blamed on power lines, and two attorneys representing more than 5,000 Northern California fire victims hailed the settlement.
“I think it’s a fantastic result,” said attorney Rich Bridgford of Bridgford, Gleason & Artinian, adding it will not only compensate thousands of devastated fire victims but also require PG&E to put billions into overhauling its infrastructure to prevent future disasters.
“You have to be mindful of the fact that PG&E is in bankruptcy,” he added. “This means they are required to perform a delicate balancing act aimed at achieving dual goals of deterring bad past behavior on the one hand and on the other hand keeping the utility financially viable so that it can function and keep power flowing. We believe the settlement achieves this delicate balance.”
The 2018 Camp Fire was California’s deadliest and destroyed nearly 18,000 structures. The series of wildfires that spread across a wide stretch of Northern California in 2017 killed dozens and burned tens of thousands of structures.
“The goal of the litigation from the very beginning has been to change their behavior, and that is their lack of safety standards and the way they manage and maintain their equipment,” attorney James Frantz said of PG&E.
The settlement is still subject to a number of conditions involving PG&E’s Chapter 11 bankruptcy reorganization plans, which must be completed by June 30, 2020.
Friday's proposal responds to pressure from Gov. Gavin Newsom to give wildfire victims more than the utility originally offered, but it still relies on the bankruptcy judge's approval as part of the proceedings. A February hearing at which an official estimation of losses will be made still looms for the utility and could upend any settlement deals.
“We appreciate all the hard work by many stakeholders that went into reaching this agreement,” PG&E’s Johnson said. “With this important milestone now accomplished, we are focused on emerging from Chapter 11 as the utility of the future that our customers and communities expect and deserve.”
PG&E said the proposed settlement is the third it has reached as it works through its Chapter 11 case. The utility previously reached a $1 billion settlement with cities, counties and other public utilities and an $11 billion agreement with insurance companies and other entities that have paid claims relating to the 2017 and 2018 fires.
Latest in Operations
More in Operations
Xi Asks Starbucks' Schultz to Help Repair US-China Ties
Howard Schultz opened Starbucks' first China outlet in 1999 and is a frequent visitor.
Trump Slashes Imperiled Owl Protections
It's being called a "parting gift to the timber industry."
The approach is more carrot than stick.
Boeing Gets Contract for 12 More KC-46 Tankers
The deal is worth $1.7 billion.
Uber, Lyft Drivers Sue over California Ballot Measure
Drivers bringing the lawsuit have several hurdles to clear, but their arguments are "compelling."
China's 2020 Auto Sales Fall for Third Year
Even before the coronavirus hit, demand was hurt by consumer unease about possible job losses and Beijing's tariff war with the US.
Consumer Prices Edge Higher in December
It was the largest advance in four months.
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0012.json.gz/line1907
|
__label__wiki
| 0.739723
| 0.739723
|
EARLY ACCESS SCOUT
Latest Steam Previews
A viking redhead looking for a new death
September 29th, 2015 by Carston Anderson
reviewed on PC
Sinful death
Jotun is an action game that is heavily based on the Scandinavian culture and religion of 700-odd AD’s. For Viking warrior Thora, Jotun’s protagonist, the future is pretty much all laid out before her. Thora has had the misfortune of dying an inglorious death which is a pretty big sin for a Viking warrior and as such must prove to the Gods that she is worthy of entering Valhalla. Until then, she is trapped in Norse purgatory and has to fight her way to those big pearly gates with nothing but her wits, some occasional divine support and the cliché massive two handed axe that every little Viking girl gets on her twelfth birthday.
I can't say that I have played many games where every single frame was hand drawn. Of the few that I have, Jotun ranks amongst the best in terms of pure aesthetic appeal and the team that worked on it certainly knows how to hold a pen - I certainly do enjoy looking at it. Jotun doesn’t try to advertise itself as something it isn’t. It’s a 2-D boss battler game filled with environmental puzzles, although I feel like puzzles is a bit of a stretch. For me the game consisted of wandering around until I found what I was looking for with a bit of combat sprinkled in to keep the player engaged. Not that I minded this very much because it gave me something to look at while I played.
I was surprised when combat turned out to be more difficult than I thought it would be. I can remember one moment while playing through one level where I was swarmed by a three dozen enemies that did little damage alone, but collectively could very easily kill poor Thora. It took me multiple tries to get past it and the only reason I was able to was because I explored a little more of that hand drawn map and found a shrine to some deity with an unpronounceable name that gave me a combat buff. The boss fights are very well put together and a tier above the regular combat provided in the game, with you being just a tiny speck in comparison to your opponent who is an incredibly large and powerful opponent.
In combat you will be punished for trying to rush. You have a two handed battle axe, you aren’t going to be doing flips and cartwheels with it, you’re going to be gracelessly smacking things in the head as hard as you can but that no matter how hard you hit, the enemy is going to hit harder and faster so it’s not a good idea to stand there and try to mash right trigger while standing still.
Jotun rewards the diligent explorer but doesn’t give you anything to help guide you through that exploration. It took me a little while to realize that the water elevators where just that, for instance. Also, when you enter a level, there is no map whatsoever so take a good look at the one provided to you in the main starting area. On the plus side you don't have to worry about falling to your death because the game won't let you throw yourself off the ledge, and this ties back into the combat and boss fights. You're a Viking warrior, remember? Death by falling or taking an arrow to the neck from Jon the peasant over there is most definitely not a glorious way to go.
Pretty, but a little empty upstairs
I find there’s much more to say about the environment our protagonist finds herself in than the actual protagonist herself. Thora is a female Viking with red hair and antlers on her helmet that runs around killing things to prove that she deserves to enter Valhalla but apart from that there isn’t much else.
Overall, Jotun is a very visual game with a very memorable art style that offers a well rounded combat system in a setting that does its best to stay true to its real-life inspirations but finds itself lacking in the plot department which is a genuine shame because it's clear that Thunder Lotus Games put a lot of time and passion into this kick-starter funded project.
Did I mention that every single frame was hand drawn? Seriously, not even Pixar does that anymore.
fun score
Beautiful art style, tough boss battles
It gets a little samey a little too fast
Little Nightmares II gets a new trailer and demo
And Little Nightmares is free for a limited time.
Ubisoft announce development of new Star Wars game
In a collaboration with Lucasfilm Games
Stronghold: Warlords delayed
Multiplayer has found unexpected issues
Indiana Jones game in development
Collaboration with LucasFilm and Machine Games
The Best 5 Play'n Go Casino Games
Quality Graphics and Compatibility
GameRankings
Cheat Happens
GamingBolt
© 2018 Cutlass Isle, all rights reserved
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0012.json.gz/line1914
|
__label__cc
| 0.529486
| 0.470514
|
BR, Lord Nelson Class, 4-6-0, 30850 'Lord Nelson' - Era 5
* Reviews
Locomotives >
Hornby TTS Digital Sound Locomotives >
Item Code: R3603TTS
sssss (1 review)
In order to cope with the increasing weight of express passenger traffic on the Southern Railway following Grouping, Richard Maunsell, the Chief Mechanical Officer, needed a locomotive that was more powerful than the King Arthur class; being capable of hauling 500 ton trains at a speed of 55mph. To do this, Maunsell altered the positions of the cranks on the Lord Nelson design to give eight exhaust pulses per revolution, rather than four and the increase in power over the two cylinder design of the King Arthurs was significant, giving rise to the claim by the Southern Railway of the class being "the most powerful express locomotive in Britain", based on the theoretical tractive power.
Maunsell decided to produce one example as a prototype, E850 Lord Nelson, which was completed on August 11, 1926 and after trials at Eastleigh, it was sent to Nine Elms for trial running on the Western section mainlines to Bournemouth, Portsmouth and Exeter, before moving across to Battersea for trials on the Dover boat trains.
850 Lord Nelson entered traffic nominally allocated to Stewarts Lane and this was followed by a short spell at Exmouth Junction, from March/April 1930, as the locomotive headed up the Atlantic Coast Express. The first of the Bulleid modifications took place in January 1942, just before Lord Nelson was allocated to Bournemouth in February 1943. Renumbered to 30850 under British Railways in October 1948, in January 1949 Lord Nelson returned to Eastleigh from where it was withdrawn in August 1962. Preserved as part of the National Collection, the locomotive now resides with the Mid-Hants Railway.
Detailed scale model. Not suitable for children under 14 years.Please refer to the safety notes in the enclosed instruction leaflet. Colours and contents may differ from those illustrated. Please retain these details and the address for future reference.
Gauge 00
DCC Type DCC Sound Fitted
Period Era 5 (1956 - 1968)
Operator/Livery Late BR, Lined Green
Designer Richard Maunsell
Minimum Curve 2nd Radius + (438mm)
Motor 5 Pole Skew Wound. Loco Drive
* Customer Reviews Review Guidelines
To write a great review:
Focus on the item itself. Why do you like it or dislike it?
Avoid mentioning any personal information (email address, telephone numbers) and time-sensitive material.
Just be honest! You're an expert on this item. Share your experience with others. We will never reject a review just because it's negative.
We will reject reviews that contain:
Customer service issues. Please contact Customer Services instead if you have experienced a specific issue that needs to be addressed.
Any mention of competitors.
General issues or discussion. Your review is on this specific item and what you think of it, it's not a place for debate and discussion on wider subject matters.
Clear signs that you don't own the item.
Profanities, distasteful language, promotional material and/or external links. This applies to nicknames too.
We'll check your review and approve it as soon as possible. Should it not be possible for us to approve your review for the website, it'll appear (with a message from our team) in your Account area.
Other visitors can leave replies to your review and mark if they felt it was helpful.
Average rating based on 1 review
You need to sign in or register to write a review.
sssss 5
Chris Reilly
u 1 Helpful Vote
Excellent Sounds
Bought brand new and run in on the rolling road for an hour before unleashing it on the club layout with 6 lit pullman coaches. The sounds are absolutely spot on, sounding just like the real loco.. Having been lucky enough to travel behind 850 in 2006 with a steam trip to Weymouth and return to London, hanging out the window whilst filming the unique 8 chuff bark coming through Poole and up Branksome bank, i can 100% collaborate the sounds of the loco when running at a scale 80mph sound exactly like the prototype. Detailing of this loco is also superb as is the finish. Top drawer hornby, well done!!
Sorry, you can not vote for this review. Please log in
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0012.json.gz/line1915
|
__label__wiki
| 0.665163
| 0.665163
|
QBO
COVID-19 Consulting
anludwig
Customer Statements: When, Why, and How
If your business relies on invoices to get paid, there may be times when you need to create and send statements.
You enter into an informal contract with a customer when you send an invoice. You expect that you will receive payment in a timely fashion for goods or services you’ve sold.
That probably works most of the time. But what happens when it doesn’t, when you’ve sent a reminder and are still waiting? And what do you do when a customer orders frequently and is confused about what’s been paid and what hasn’t?
If you’re using QuickBooks Online, you can easily send a statement, a list of sales transactions, credits, and payments. There are three kinds of these:
Balance Forward. This document emphasizes what’s currently owed by displaying it at the top. Below that is a list of sales transactions that occurred between two dates you specify.
Open Item. You select a date, and the statement shows all transactions that were completed before it.
Transaction Statement. There’s no total balance here, just the amounts billed and received for every transaction.
Setting Up Statements
Balance Forward statements cover a period of transactions that you define.
There are three way to create statements. You can:
Click the Plus (+) icon at the top of the screen.
Dispatch one while you’re in a customer record.
Launch a batch action from the Customer screen.
Before you create your first statement, though, make sure QuickBooks Online is set up the way you want it to be. Click the gear icon in the upper right of the screen and select Your Company Account and Settings. Click the Sales tab and scroll down to Statements. Click Statements to open the options there.
You can List each transaction as a single line or List each transaction including all detail lines. Click the button in front of the one you prefer. If you want to Show aging table at bottom of statement, click in the box. This will show customers how many days each transaction is overdue.
Click Save when you’re done.
Creating Statements
If you’ve already started entering transactions so there’s some data in QuickBooks Online, click the Plus (+) icon in the upper right corner of the screen.
Tip: If you don’t see the plus (+) icon, you’re in an active screen. Click the X in the upper right to close it, saving it first if necessary.
Click Statement, which is located under Other on the far right. Under Statement Type, select Balance Forward. Below that is the Customer Balance Status field. Do you want to see customers with open balances, those who have overdue invoices, or all customers? The third option will include credit memos.
Select a Start Date and End Date. In this example, these were 04/09/2018 and 09/09/2018, and the statement date was 09/10/2018. Click Apply. QuickBooks Online will display a list of matching customers. Click Print or Preview at the bottom of the screen to see your statements.
In this preview, the customer’s balance forward on 04/09/2018 was $8,245.05. A catch-up payment was made on 08/09/2018 and another invoice sent on 09/01/2018, which accounts for the TOTAL DUE at the top.
From this screen, you can either Print the statements or Close to go back to the previous page, where you can Save and Send.
Two Other Options
As we stated earlier, there are two other ways to create statements. Click Sales in the left vertical toolbar and highlight the Customers tab by clicking on it. Hover your cursor over a customer and click the down arrow at the very end of that line. From the list that opens, select Create statement.
You can also hand-pick multiple customers to receive statements. With the Customers window open, click in the box in front of your choices, and then click the down arrow next to Batch actions at the top of the list. Select Create statements.
The mechanics of creating statements in QuickBooks are fairly simple. But you don’t want to send an inaccurate one to a customer. Make sure your transactions are up to date before you generate any statements, and choose your date ranges carefully. As always, we’re available to help with this task – or any other area of QuickBooks Online that might be confusing to you. We’re here to help you be pro-active to avoid problems in the long run.
QuickBooks Online lets you do much of your accounting work when you’re away from the office with its mobile app.
QuickBooks Online was designed for small businesspeople, not accountants. But it includes features that are best used in conjunction with our consulting services, like advanced reports, payroll, and the Chart of Accounts. In fact, the site makes it easy for us to have access to your data so we have the ability to monitor and troubleshoot.
We’ve helped countless sole proprietors and small businesses move their accounting operations to QuickBooks Online, and we’ve seen the difference it’s made in their productivity as well as their attitude toward financial management. Contact us, and we’ll be happy to do the same for you.
#QuickBooksOnline
How to Create Recurring Transactions in QuickBooks Online
How to Use Rules in QuickBooks Online Transactions
How to Create and Use Vendor Records in QuickBooks Online
Increase Expert.
Intuit, QuickBooks, and QuickBooks ProAdvisor are registered trademarks of intuit Inc.
Used with permission under the QuickBooks ProAdvisor Agreement.
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0012.json.gz/line1916
|
__label__wiki
| 0.509823
| 0.509823
|
Hot storage news delivered daily.
Cloud Backup IT Project Center
Fibre Channel and FCoE
iSCSI IP SANs
Disaster Recovery and Business Continuity
Disk-based Backup
Disk Arrays and SSDs
RAID and Controllers
The Future of Cold Storage
By Paul Rubens
"Tape used to have a reputation for being unreliable but this is no longer true," he adds. "It is reliable, it is inexpensive, and you can get between 3 and 8 terabytes of data in a single cartridge."
Conventional disks can also be used for long term storage, although they are susceptible to mechanical failure and data decay or bit rot, and can be costly to run if kept in a spun-up state. But while hard drives will always have a high failure rate, their storage densities and energy consumption figures are improving all the time. "There is a lot of R&D going on in the hard drive business – particularly on the capacity side," says Peters.
Recent innovations include helium filled drives, which consume far less energy than drives filled with relatively denser air and which can also store 50% more data per enclosure than conventional drives. HGST's Ultrastar He6 drives run 4-5 degrees cooler than air filled drives, and because there is less drag in helium than in air they consume 23% less power, resulting in a 49% improvement in power consumption per terabyte of storage, the company claims.
There have also been innovations in the way that data is written to drives, including Shingled Magnetic Recording (SMR) drives which manufacturers, including Western Digital and Seagate, already have in production. These use relatively wide data tracks that are written to disk in such a way that they partially overlap previous ones, in a manner similar to the way that roof shingles are laid down. (Normally there is a small gap between tracks.)
SMR is particularly suited to continuous writing or erasing rather than small random access reads and writes, making it well suited to archiving data. SMR is expected to enable data densities of as much as three trillion bits per square inch, according to Seagate.
Further out it's likely that another way of laying down data called Heat-assisted magnetic recording (HAMR) will be adopted. HAMR records data on high stability magnetic media such as iron-platinum alloy using laser thermal assistance to heat the material. HAMR allows much higher areal densities than conventional or SMR disks, and Seagate, Western Digital and TDK have all demonstrated the technology although no HAMR disks are available yet. Seagate predicts that by 2020 it will be able to offer conventional 3.5" drives with a capacity of 20TB or more using HAMR.
The benefit of these technologies is that by increasing areal density they have the potential to change the economics of disk drives. Even if the price per gigabyte is still relatively high, such drives can or will be able to store large amounts of data using comparatively little rack space, and if kept spun down then they consume no energy. Although a large array of these disks may take several minutes to spin up, once running they offer fast access to any cold storage data using a technology that is well understood.
One further option is to use cloud services for cold storage – a market pioneered by Amazon with its Glacier storage service. Glacier is certainly cheap: from 1c per gigabyte per month, but its name – as well as hinting that it is aimed at the cold storage market – also intimates that it is slow. Once data is requested, in what Amazon calls initiating a retrieval job, it typically takes between 3 and 5 hours before it is available for download.
What the underlying storage for Glacier is a mystery that Amazon hasn't revealed, Mark Peters suspects that the service may be tape-based. "Why the 3-5 hour delay? It may be that the system is not completely automated, and there are tape monkeys running around grabbing tapes of shelves. On the other hand, making customers wait may be a deliberate move."
Whatever the reason, it has given Seagate's EVault an opportunity to offer an alternative cloud-based cold storage service that it calls LTS2, or Long Term Storage Service. LTS2 is slightly more expensive than Glacier at 1.5c per gigabyte per month, but data is available for retrieval in a matter of seconds. The service uses spinning disk drives for storage, and there is some speculation that it actually uses Seagate's own SMR drives, though this has not been confirmed.
So when it comes to the future of cold storage, there's certainly no shortage of options: low quality flash; tape; helium, SMR and HAMR disks; tape/disk hybrids; and cloud-based cold storage services of differing speeds.
Each has its own distinct speed, power and space characteristics and cost per gigabyte, and that means there may be demand for them all. For the type of cold storage of relatively small files that Facebook has in mind, there may even be a place for Blu-ray based storage as well.
This article was originally published on February 24, 2014
Home | SAN | NAS | Storage Management | Backup and Recovery | Disk Arrays | Blogs | Resources | RSS
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0012.json.gz/line1922
|
__label__cc
| 0.642291
| 0.357709
|
DrayTek Interview – A Brief Look Inside a Router Manufacturer
Saturday, July 25th, 2020 (12:01 am) - Score 7,740
Taiwan-based network manufacturer DrayTek is a familiar name in the UK broadband ISP world. Since 1997 they’ve been busy building various routers, switches, access points and modems. Suffice to say that we were keen to get their thoughts on the current market for such devices, as well as their plans for the future.
We often talk about routers on these pages because they’re such a vital part of modern broadband services for both consumers and businesses. At the same time some models can also suffer problems with limited long-term support, performance and not to mention security.
Mercifully DrayTek, which started out by building ISDN terminal adaptors, are often said to be one of the better manufacturers. The company’s origins started out with ISDN terminal adaptors and routers. “Our first ADSL based product was the Vigor 2200USB … from there DSL based products became a mainstay of our portfolio, but today we cater for many connection types and speeds,” said Richard Sutherland, DrayTek’s Account Director for the UK and Ireland, as part of our interview.
Richard himself has been involved in the industry from the early days of dialup modems and has over 22 years of experience under his belt, which means that he is somebody with a fairly good insight into both the current and future markets for such equipment. We don’t often get a chance to talk with router manufactures and so were grateful to be able to fire a few questions his way.
Q1. DrayTek has been in the business of building computer network equipment and routers since as far back as 1997 (the early years of consumer internet connectivity). Between 1997 and 2020, what would you say has been your company’s biggest single change?
I couldn’t put this down to a single change, we have had to adapt to an ever-developing market. Over that last 20-25 years clearly the biggest change has been the blanket adoption of fast, reliable, and robust Internet connectivity. This has, in the main, been driven by savvy business customers who have used the relatively inexpensive connection solutions provided by DrayTek to expand their business in to markets previously they were not able too reach. In turn, DrayTek have delivered reliable, robust and feature rich products to its customers who have made use of technology such as VPNs, VLAN, Wireless, content filtering, and a host of other features and network management tools to enhance and grow their businesses using a range of DrayTek products.
Q2. When it comes to broadband routers, one of the hottest debates of recent times has tended to centre on the issue of firmware updates, particularly for security purposes (patching vulnerabilities etc.).
Sadly some router manufacturers tend to release a new model, put out one or two firmware releases, and then completely forget about the device. What sort of approach does DrayTek take when it comes to tackling vulnerabilities or adding features via firmware to older routers?
DrayTek pride themselves in continuing to support a device so long as it has a “heart beat” continuing to provide new firmware way beyond the end of life notification. DrayTek as an organisation have a policy that we will bring in new features, functionality and technology with a firmware upgrade rather than a platform change. Many of the projects we have worked on and won with our ISP customers have been secured due to this, who wants to win a major account with a multi-year contract to be told 6 Months down the line “Product End Of Life no further support you need to upgrade to the latest version”.
A typical DrayTek customer will only need to change a device if there is a key broadband technology change required (i.e. ADSL to VDSL or ADSL to G.Fast).
Q3. Speaking of firmware updates, how long (in years) do you think is right for a router manufacturer in the retail / consumer space to continue providing support and updates for their devices before declaring them end-of-life (i.e. no more updates, fixes or support)?
If a product is still using current technologies and is widely deployed it feels right for it to receive support and updates. It’s tricky to set a specific number of years as the usage and availability of the underlying broadband technology is a factor. We are well known for the longevity of our range mainly due to firmware updates, for example we’ve released firmware updates for products that are 10 years old.
Q4. The latest multi-Gigabit speed 802.11ax (WiFi v6) wireless standard is slowly starting to go mainstream, although we’ve yet to see DrayTek offering a broadband router that supports it. Are you planning an 802.11ax supporting model and, if so, when can we expect to see that? If not, then why not?
We’ll definitely be adding WiFi 6 products to our ranges in the future. We don’t like launching technologies before the standards are ratified as this can impact on the interoperability and future compatibility. We’re planning on launching some WiFi 6 products later this year.
Q5. Speaking of 802.11ax, a number of countries like the UK and USA also appear to be in the process of approving the 6GHz band for use in WiFi networks. What sort of extra challenges and considerations do you have to make when introducing an entirely new band like this to your hardware?
The biggest challenge with new standards / technologies is interoperability and the most challenging variation on this is with client devices. With ISP equipment (eg CO side) there are generally a few specific manufacturers and variants but with client devices as there are a wide variety of manufacturers and model. Things settle down reasonable quickly but it requires specific consideration.
Q6. No doubt you’ve probably heard about moves across various countries to restrict some of your rivals, such as Huawei (as well as ZTE) and other vendors deemed “high risk”, from being able to supply kit for new networks (sometimes limited to core kit, but other times covering all types of enterprise kit and even consumer routers). Where does DrayTek stand on the issue?
Our policy is not to make specific comments on our competitors, we endeavour to supply highly reliable products to our customers with comprehensive support and we leave our customers to decide which organisations they wish to partner with.
Please flick over to page 2 in order to continue this interview.
Tags: Ethernet , Security , Wireless Internet
« Virgin Media Bring Full Fibre to 3,300 Premises in Shirebrook
Gigaclear Claim 1 in 5 Brits Wait 30 Mins for a Web Page to Load »
Strange that in 2020 Draytek still don’t offer a 4×4 wifi 5 router, which would be ideal pairing that up with a 4×4 client (eg Asus PCE-AC88) or another 4×4 router/access point.
They’d find interoperability much easier if they bothered to get their devices Wi-Fi certified for interoperability! As it stands their products do not carry the Wi-Fi logo because they aren’t certified and they can’t say their products have Wi-Fi. Check out their website, you will not see the words Wi-Fi mentioned in any page or specification. So I would have asked why they don’t get (or can’t get) Wi-Fi accreditation? I’ve had Draytek kit and never again as connecting devices via Wi-Fi was often troublesome.
OOBIOJIA says:
Lmao?
it says right here
https://www.draytek.co.uk/products/comparison/router-comparison
stop being a dumbass.
Thanks for sharing this generous and insightful interview. Draytek has always been noted to make good quality kit able to meet future broadband requirements and technologies.
Yeah we use Draytek kit all the time but use separate WiFi AP’s as it’s own WiFi is seriously lacking in performance.
A_Builder says:
Router yes – AP no.
craski says:
I have a Draytek 2925 and it has generally performed well. The web UI is a bit quirky but quite powerful. It is a bit annoying that Draytek provide some utilities that are Windows only though (e.g. The ability to read log output is not exposed in the web interface) but not a show stopper.
Bob2002 says:
I’ve used DrayTek in the past but after loads and loads of routers(including homebrew) I seem to have settled on MikroTik.
I’m not sure what the future holds for consumer router manufacturers, you can basically build a very powerful router with a £40 SoC – 1.6GHz, 4-core, 10Gb and multiple 2.5Gb and 1Gb ethernet ports, USB 3, crypto acceleration, etc. You can build a very decent consumer router with a $7 SoC. Prices are only going to get lower, chips more powerful.
__ says:
whats the £40 soc out of interest
Surplus says:
https://www.friendlyarm.com/index.php?route=product/product&product_id=282
>whats the £40 soc out of interest
NXP LS1026A/LS1046A
Paul M says:
Draytek look like great products from their specifications, with a huge feature list for a good price. Maybe they’ve improved in the last few years but I used to regularly encounter them and they were a big nuisance, they’d crash regularly or some feature would stop working until rebooted (e.g. VPN service).
Goodfellowadam says:
When will DrayTek start selling reasonably priced routers with gigabit WAN throughput? I have a DrayTek router (and several of their wireless access points installed in my home) with a VDSL connection and a second WAN connection to a g.fast modem. It just about copes with 240mbps across its firewall but with 1gbps becoming commonplace they really need to up their game, should FTTP become availible to me I’ll have to look to another router manufacturer. Aside from that, DrayTek, love your products!
We have a whole load of Draytek 2960’s and they work perfectly at 1G.
We have tested it with site to site FTP and other transfer protocols and we do get over 900Mbs so I wouldn’t consider them a bottle neck.
tonyp says:
I bought a 2860 several years ago (replacing two previous Draytek routers, a 27?? and a 2820) when only < 4Mb/S ADSL (wires only) was available to me. I thought it was necessary to prepare for VDSL in place of ADSL. However, FTTH suddenly became available just over a year ago and the 2860 enabled me to make the jump to FO using the ethernet WAN2 port. Installation went fine and I have been able to retain the existing ADSL service through the WAN1 port as a low speed backup. I really liked the ease of configuration at least on the WAN side.
Well done Draytek.
Just a thought though, I have attempted to use the LAN RIP routing to create a fully redundant triangular net. I have had problems with false routes (Martians) so have had to route internal LAN traffic away from the Draytek and use static routes. Ideally (for me) I wish OSPF was available on the LAN ports.
J Karna says:
I removed all my Draytek modem/routers as I found their so-called UK technical department inept. Months elapsed with support tickets (detailed reports presented) in limbo. Yes, I had businees support (care pack).
I complained and discovered a brick wall.
I replaced them with Openwrt modem/routers and have not had a single
problem for over a year.The functionality of Openwrt and the software available is vastly superior. I just wish their products were Openwrt compatible.
TTT says:
I welcomed seeing this interview.
I first came across Draytek in the mid 2000s, and I have deployed them with several small businesses since, particularly when they don’t want to sign a maintenance contract.
Drayteks are incredibly stable, and Draytek are very good at providing firmware updates free of charge (compared to a Cisco SmartNet contract for example).
The flexible connectivity options (particularly support for inner and outer VLAN tagging on the WAN interface) make them very versatile, and the VPN performance is unparalleled at this price point (and thank you for automatic failover!).
There are some drawbacks however.
– Configuration cannot be edited offline (e.g. in a text editor). This makes scheduled changes challenging, and require either preparing them on a secondary device, or on-the-fly (which isn’t an option for most business use cases).
– Most configuration changes require a restart. This is again something that makes Drayteks less suitable for larger businesses, given that Cisco, Juniper etc allow applying (and rolling back!) config on the fly without any outages.
Echoing the above comments, the WiFi isn’t much to write home about. WiFi connections are stable but not fast, and where more than about 10 users are connected, I usually recommend a Ubiquiti solution for the wireless, in combination with Draytek for routing.
The biggest concern currently is China asserting increasing influence over Taiwan.
Security is always an important topic, and many customers outright refuse Chinese options (ZTE, Huawei etc.), and so far, being a Taiwanese manufacturer has been acceptable (arguably beneficial) in many cases.
However, China is very vocal about making Taiwan Chinese these days, and depending how this goes, Draytek may soon fall off the list of possible options (unless they choose to move country of course).
Let’s hope this doesn’t happen.
In any case, if somebody is looking for a stable, dependable and affordable solution with excellent VPN performance, I would recommend Draytek in a heartbeat.
Draytek have always been a reliable choice. I recently had to go to an emergency job at a gas terminal where comms had dropped due to 100Mb fibre fault and lightening taking out wifi and other kit. A 10 year old 2820 router was still working fine as gateway. It was like visting ghost of IT past. Loads of HP servers, NAS, switches, ADSL routers etc all powered on but not in use but no one would risk turning off as they did not know what they were for.. I always keep a Draytek router in my boot as a get out of jail card.
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0012.json.gz/line1937
|
__label__cc
| 0.65165
| 0.34835
|
JLM2U
EnglishFrançaisРусскийItalianoDeutschעברית
iTravel Magazine
City CenterSouthWestOld CityNear Old City
Downtown Jerusalem is the heart of the modern metropolis, with nightlife, dining and culture to rival any major city. The area is made up of several neighborhoods, including the colorful Mahane Yehuda Market, charming Nahalat Shiva, bustling Ben Yehuda and Yafo Streets. Each has its own unique personality and atmosphere that you won’t want to miss out on.
South Jerusalem is an up-and-coming area that has seen the development of numerous attractions in recent years, including the state-of-the-art Jerusalem Payis Arena, which hosts some of the biggest international musical acts and sporting events. It joins places like Emek Refaim Street, Malha Mall, the Biblical Zoo, Teddy Stadium, Gazelle Valley and Ramat Rachel tourism complex in making up an area that is particularly popular with families.
West Jerusalem includes some of Jerusalem’s most charming neighborhoods and interesting attractions. Head to the picturesque Ein Karem at the foot of the Jerusalem Hills for a day of nature, quaint shops and elegant dining with a view. And for an unbeatable cultural experience, check out the Museum District, home to the world-class Israel Museum, the Bible Lands Museum, Science Museum and much more.
The Old City of Jerusalem has been a center of culture, religion and history for thousands of years, from the time of the Judean kings and the Roman era through the times of the Islamic Empire to the modern State of Israel. Every brick and stone is teeming with history. No trip to the Middle East is complete without wandering through alleys of the bazaar, walking the ramparts and exploring the Old City’s rich history at the Western Wall, Church of the Holy Sepulchre, Temple Mount (Al-Aqsa) or Tower of David Museum.
NEAR OLD CITY
Not far from the Old City, you can find some of Jerusalem’s most vibrant entertainment and shopping centers. Mamilla Mall is just a few steps from Jaffa Gate and counts as one of the most luxurious shopping centers in the city, replete with high-end shops, Mamilla Hotel’s Akasha Spa and a collection of restaurants with amazing views. And if you follow Hebron Road, you’ll find the First Station cultural complex and the Yes Planet movie theater and entertainment center.
Christian Landmarks
Jerusalem Old City
Dead Sea & Masada
Nazareth & Sea Of Galilee
Israel Package Tours
Private Tour Guides
Summer 2019 Events in Jerusalem
City Center Restaurants
Open Friday Night
Cultural Centers
Stores in the City
Recommended Tours In & From Jerusalem
Value Hotels
Hostels & Guesthouses
For Pilgrims
Jewish Religious
In the Old City
Near the Old City
At the City Center
Ein Karem
Jerusalem Hills
ACCOMMODATION & VACATION DEALS IN JERUSALEM
Inspirational Itineraries
All Tour Options
Jerusalem Car Rentals
To & From Jerusalem
To the Dead Sea & Masada
Tel Aviv Airport to Jerusalem
Tel Aviv to Jerusalem
Getting to Bethlehem
Jerusalem to Petra
Public Transportation in Jerusalem
Jerusalem Light Rail
Taxis in Jerusalem
Car Rental in Jerusalem
Parking in Jerusalem
Old City Map
Accessibile Jerusalem
Use of Mobile & WiFi
Duty-Free & Customs
3 Days in Jerusalem
Home > Events in Jerusalem > Jerusalem International Oud Festival 2021
Jerusalem International Oud Festival 2021Mon
Nov 1 9:00PM
Jerusalem International Oud Festival 2021 events and exact dates will be updated as soon as they become available. Meanwhile, you can check out last year’s events.
Around Jerusalem
Jerusalem International Oud Festival (Photo: KVON, PR).
Jerusalem International Oud Festival (Photo: Alena Soboleva, PR).
Jerusalem International Oud Festival (Photo: Abraham Nachum, PR).
Jerusalem International Oud Festival (Photo: Johannis Sining, PR).
November 1-30 2021
Mon | Nov 1 | 9:00PM - 12:00AM
2021-11-01 21:002021-11-01 00:00Asia/JerusalemJerusalem International Oud Festival 2021An annual celebration of the Middle East’s “king of instruments”. Join a variety of events that demonstrate western techniques as well as eastern techniques.Around Jerusalem
The Jerusalem International Oud Festival is an annual celebration of the Middle East’s “king of instruments”, a pear-shaped string instrument that is very popular in North African Middle Eastern music.
Founded in 2000, the oud festival promotes cultural diversity while strengthening familiar sounds and protecting endangered sounds.
Every year the festival presents many original productions and special performances that offer unique interpretations of ancient and modern works and illustrate the connection between Arab and Persian classical music and Jewish liturgical music.
Hosted by the Confederation House, this year the festival celebrates its 20th anniversary, bringing some of the most incredible stars of the Hindi, Greek, Turkish and Balkan music in new arrangements and colorful interpretations of the greatest voices and instrumentalists of the genre.
Oud Festival 2019 Highlights
A unique duo: Omer Faruk Tekbilek and Brian Keane
The opening event is an exclusive performance, arrange especially for the 20th anniversary of the Oud Festival. It brings together the glorified Turkish musician Omer Faruk Tekbilek, the renowned guitarist Brian Keane and Zara – the famous Turkish singer of Kurdish descent. This is the most special evening that will bring you the opportunity to hear some of the creations the two stars created during the 30 years of their cooperation and seven albums.
Tekbilek is known for his work with leading artists in the World Music genre, including Ofra Haza. Tomatito, Yasmin Levi and others. His main idea is to bring people together through music, without any political agenda.
Where: Jerusalem Theater, 20 David Marcus Street, Jerusalem
When: November 21st, 21:00
The Bağlama festival
This year, the listeners will enjoy dwelling into the Bağlama music, thanks to the arrival Diwan Saz ensemble and the known Turkish artist – Okan Murat Öztürk, with guest appearance of Mark Eliyahu, Itamar Duari and David Menachem. The program will present ancient tunes from the Turkish-Sufi traditional, along with typical liturgy and alongside Arab-Turkish music. Together, it’s a charming blend of languages, cultures and melodies that will surely touch the heart of every listener.
When: November 25th, 21:00
Shahid Parvez the sitar master and Parveen Sultana
For the first time in Israel – one of the most famous Indian musicians – Shahid Parvez and Parveen Sultana, queen of the classical Indian music.
The first half of the show will be purely instrumental (performed by Parvez) and the second will include wonderful songs by Sultana, whose voice hear on Bollywood movies and can transform from classic to modern, from joyful rhythms to meditative and calming ones. The musicians will be accompanied by tabla, Pump organ and Tambora.
The closing event – Estudiantina orchestra and the singer Alkistis Protopsalti
The festival will come to its end with a special show of Estudiantina orchestra, conducted by Nies Unies and the famous singer Alkistis Protopsalti, who worked with numerous famous composers, including Stavaros Xarchkos, Theodorakis and Dionysis Savvopoulos.
The program of the evening will include famous melodies and new and original arrangements, presenting the traditional Greek music, the tunes of the Balkan and of modern Greek composers.
When: November 21-30, 2019
Where: Jerusalem Theater & Confederation House
Tickets: Buy now!
Contact: 02-6245206
Photos by Yannis Margetoussakis, Alena Soboleva
Where to Stay in Jerusalem
Looking for accommodation while you’re in town for the Oud Festival 2017? Check out our complete listings!
Hotels in Jerusalem >>
Best accommodation deals in Jerusalem >>
Best vacation rentals in Jerusalem >>
Restaurants in Jerusalem
Don’t go to the festival on an empty stomach! There are plenty of amazing restaurants in Jerusalem, whether you’re looking for a quick bite, something romantic or family-friendly!
All restaurants in Jerusalem >>
Sites & Attractions
Attractions in Jerusalem
Attractions for Families
Best Accommodation Deals in Jerusalem
Hotels in Jerusalem
All Jerusalem Events
About iTravelJerusalem
iTravelJerusalem.com is your #1 resource for planning the trip of your dreams to our fair city of Jerusalem. On our site, you’ll find city guides and planning tools that will help you find the best hotels, restaurants, attractions, tours and events in the city. Welcome to Jerusalem!
Spring Events 2017-2018
Jerusalem & Bethlehem
Mahane Yehuda
Mamilla mall
The First Station
Cinema City Jerusalem
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0012.json.gz/line1939
|
__label__cc
| 0.722624
| 0.277376
|
The ’57 Chevy man’s favorite and last 1957 is sold
1957 Chevy man. “Buck” Hitt, of Blount County Alabama, was known for his love of 1957 Chevys. Buck owned more than a dozen 1957 Chevrolets during his decades old love affair with the iconic symbol of American automobiles. Convertibles, hardtops and sedans could be found surrounding the home where Buck lived with his wife, Wanda, for more than 50 years. It was no accident that his street address and the last four digits of his home phone number were 1957. The car and the number became synonymous with Buck.
Interior of Buck Hitt's 1957 Chevrolet Bel Air is loaded with options.
Buck’s black, 2-door hardtop, Bel Air was a source of pride for him as a young man. That same car gave him peace during his most difficult days as he lost his vision and battled illness. Buck passed away last year, in March 2011. His wife, Wanda, struggled to let go of his cars, knowing she could not take care of them.
1957 Chevy Bel Air chrome window moulding shines.
Holding on to the past
Soon after Buck passed away, dozens of his automotive treasures were sold. Neighbors and passersby offered to buy the dozens of classic cars and parts that Buck had collected. One lone 1957 Bel Air remained behind the house. Wanda couldn’t bear to let it go.
Rust-prone area between rear bumper and trunk is solid.
Many offers
She said “No” each time a stranger pulled into the yard to make an offer. All had a price, except the black, 2-door hardtop, Bel Air that Wanda and Buck had driven many years ago. There’s no question that Wanda still loves Buck when I looked into the pained expression on her face.
“I’m just not ready to let go of the car that Buck loved,” said Wanda.
Bubble seat covers preserved the interior of Buck's ’57 Chevy.
Original only once
Buck’s black Bel Air has vintage plastic seat covers on the silver and black interior. The car has remained original and solid for 55 years. It retained the original 283-cu. inch engine, Powerglide transmission, power brakes, power steering and AM push button radio. Buck had stashed a boatload of 1957 parts in the trunk and back seat. Four 1957 Chevy parts cars remained in Wanda’s yard along with the black Bel Air. Buck's place was a gold mine for ’57 Chevy lovers and word was spreading.
Buck had four 1957 Chevy parts cars in his back yard.
One more offer
I tried to buy Buck’s ’57 before it got away. Taking home a ready-to-restore project with a pedigree was tempting. My offer was turned down by Wanda. It wasn’t the first time she said “No” to an offer that month.
I promised to keep in touch and wished her well. Two months passed and I got the urge to call her. I didn’t. Another month passed and the ’57 was sold. An older man made her a much better offer than I did. Wanda couldn’t say, “No,” this time.
Buck's black 1957 Chevy could draw a crowd.
“I know the gentleman will get it back on the road,” said Wanda. Buck’s 1957 Chevy dream car has found a new dreamer. Plans for a full restoration are underway.
Wanda was told that the man has the ’57 running again. “The man said he would bring it by when he gets it back together. I will see it pretty soon.”
Know of a junkyard I need to visit or want to send me photos and info about a barn find, car or junkyard? Send emails to junkyardbull@gmail.com.
Hard-to-find, original ’57 Chevy trim pieces were plentiful.
Have you seen a survivor 1957 Chevy lately?
Bumper guards among the options on the ’57 Chevy.
Rust-out, at the bottom of one door, can be overlooked on Buck's 1957.
Wanda kept a close watch on the Chevy behind the house.
Buck started building a garage for his ’57 when he lost his eyesight.
Rear seat of Buck's ’57 Chevy.
Buck's car gets a new lease on life. I know he would be proud.
0 comments Posted by Junkyard Life at 2:59 PM
Labels: Chevrolet
That Fad "T": T Buckets were the original hot rod rage, where are they now?
Buckets of love from days gone by. I love cars. I really do. The Junkyard Life Guys will go to great lengths just to see a car in any condition. If you’re a frequenter of Junkyard Life, then you know just how extreme we can be. Or so we thought. The car guys from the ’50s, ’60s and ’70s make us look like the Harper Valley Chess Team.
More specifically, the T-Bucket guys. Those guys had nerve. Those guys knew what fast was and they made it happen. If you think your 280 Z with a small block Chevy is an original idea, think again. If you think your Miata with that insane power-to-weight ratio 5.0 Ford is fast (good heavens, I know it is!) or that RX-7 with the transplanted LS motor is a new thing, wrong-o, Fast-and-Furious boy. The T-Buckets led the way in the 1950s for unbelievable, ridiculous power. By the early seventies they were the rage.
Kookie Kar, a customized 1922 Ford Model T, built by Norm Grabowski became THE iconic hot rod in the 1950s.
Junkyard jalopy
A model T Ford is the basic concept for the T-Bucket. You were riding around in a bucket that used to be a T-model Ford. By the fifties, there was an abundance of early to late 1920’s cars laying around in barns, alleys, back yards and junkyards — seemingly everywhere. Car guys, being the pioneer recyclers, put these automotive remains to good use. They swapped, modern for-the-day, engines into a chassis designed to hold a fraction of the torque and horsepower that they were now harnessing. The good, old recipe for a fast car — lots of power, no weight. As time went on and V-8 engines were abundant and affordable, they only got faster.
Actor/drag racer Tommy Ivo's Buick-powered T Bucket.
Scary fun
T-buckets were street monsters. Take a V-8 and add multiple carbs and unrestricted headers. For traction, add a super strong Mercury, Corvette or Jaguar rear end and massive fatty tires on the back. Up front, to save weight, how about tiny wagon wheel pizza cutters on the front? A back seat would only add bulk, so forget that. No fenders, no hood and usually no roof would be uncomfortable in the winter, but are we men or mice?
Absent were things we take for granted, like seat belts. Maybe today you might see a bucket with belts, but back then it was a rarity. The steering column was more or less a giant spear waiting to impale you. Power brakes, right? Oh. Brakes, yeah-that’s not working out so well due to drum brake technology at the time and the disproportionate skinny bicycle-like tires in front. So some of them had… no front brakes. Are these guys daring? Crazy? Suicidal? Yes, yes and yes. T-Buckets were also fun and addictive.
Tommy Ivo's T' Bucket Hot Rod sports a custom Von Dutch pinstripe.
Photos: theselvedgeyard.wordpress.com
Buckets of speed
How fast are we talking? The one I rode in was basic bolt-ons and nothing exotic. It didn’t have to be, it was so light! Today it would be compared to putting a small block Chevy in your lawn mower or your kid’s go cart. Can you imagine a street race crowd of T-Buckets about to line up. That would be great to watch, like maybe from a distance. If you lived through it, you just might get street respect, also I have heard that back then it was not uncommon for a girl to arrive with someone and leave with the guy in the faster car.
Calling all T-Buckets
So where are you now, T-Buckets of yesteryear? We here at Junkyard Life know of a couple here and there, but the masses have seemingly disappeared. Do you know of one that makes appearances around your town? If you know of one sitting dormant in a basement or barn, let us know. We would love to do a story on one and the times it has seen. T-Bucket guys, you’re crazy, but we love you! Lets hear from you soon.
— Ron Kidd, junkyardlife.com
Know of a junkyard we need to visit or want to send us photos and info about a car or junkyard? Send emails to Ron at Kidd403@bellsouth.net or Jody at junkyardbull@gmail.com.
1 comments Posted by Junkyard Life at 12:12 PM
Labels: Ford
That Fad "T": T Buckets were the original hot rod ...
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0012.json.gz/line1942
|
__label__wiki
| 0.893653
| 0.893653
|
First city winner for apprentice Williams
Chris Williams was well versed in punching above his weight long before he got the better of some of Sydney’s leading jockeys at the revamped Kensington course at Randwick.
The 26-year-old from Bourke achieved a significant career milestone at the midweek meeting when he won on Ever So Natural in the TAB.com.au Handicap (1100m).
Williams turned to riding five years after a knee injury ended his rugby league career in Dubbo.
“I was sitting out for half the season and I thought there must be something better than getting smashed around by 120 kilo blokes,” he said.
Williams, who went to St Gregory’s College in Campbelltown with former NRL player Alex McKinnon and current St George Illawarra forward Jack De Belin, started out with Sydney trainer Anthony Cummings.
“I’d never sat on a horse. The first day they said grab a head collar to chuck on the horse,” he said.
“I was in the tack room and I thought ‘How do I put this on?’, so I’ve come a fairly long way.”
Williams continued his equine education with Dubbo trainer Peter Nestor and is now apprenticed to Kim Waugh at Wyong.
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0012.json.gz/line1945
|
__label__cc
| 0.55746
| 0.44254
|
Touch Of Mink on trial for Sunshine Coast Guineas trip
Posted by: AAP+ at 11:35am on 13/6/2018
Promising filly Touch Of Mink will be targeted towards the Sunshine Coast Guineas
BEST ODDS! Get the BEST ODDS with TOP TOTE+
A setback stifled Touch Of Mink’s black-type aspirations over autumn so Matthew Smith is pointing the promising filly towards the Sunshine Coast Guineas.
The Group Three mile at the tail end of the Queensland winter carnival has been a focus for the three-year-old, who has already raced in elite company.
Touch Of Mink contested the Group One Surround Stakes at Randwick in early March, where she was unplaced after being sluggish away.
She also missed the start – by four lengths – in the Group Three Kembla Grange Classic, the catalyst for her Warwick Farm-based trainer to send her for a freshen-up.
Touch Of Mink made amends at Kembla Grange when she broke her maiden in April and then went back-to-back after a let-up by claiming the Supporterhub Handicap at Randwick on May 26.
Smith is now auditioning Touch Of Mink for the Sunshine Coast Guineas on June 30 through Saturday’s Ascot Restaurant Sale Handicap (1400m) at Rosehill, where she drew barrier one with Jay Ford in the field of 14.
“I was a bit unsure the other day at Randwick whether she was forward enough in condition to win but she’d obviously done enough work and she’s come on from then,” he said.
“I think she’ll be really strong at the mile with this run under her belt.”
Touch Of Mink already has black type on her record thanks to a third placing in the Group Two Fillies Classic (1600m) at Moonee Valley in October.
“It’d be nice if we can secure a black-type win for her before she turns four,” Smith said.
Although Touch Of Mink has started in top flight company, Smith admitted she was still a work in progress.
“In the back of our minds, we didn’t think she’d be a Magic Millions type of two-year-old,” Smith said.
“We’d have liked to have gone through to some of those better races in the autumn but she had a bit of a hiccup so we’re looking at a later spring campaign after the Guineas.
“We’ve had to take our time with her. I think she’s got a lot of strengthening up to do and next preparation she’ll be better again.”
Tags: Sunshine Coast Guineas, The Autumn Sun
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0012.json.gz/line1946
|
__label__wiki
| 0.515835
| 0.515835
|
# religious fiction
King of Hearts by Mark Stibbe - Book Tour
King of Hearts tells the gripping story of Jake Graystone, a struggling teacher, husband, and father, who looks for easy money playing poker. When his wife Sally exposes his secret addiction on Christmas Eve, he walks out and heads north for Casino City, leaving his family for a dark world of gambling, prostitution and murder.
How will the cards fall for Jake in this brutal, urban wasteland? And, as the stakes get higher and higher, will this modern Desperado ever come to his senses?
King of Hearts is a winter, festive story to sit alongside It’s a Wonderful Life and A Christmas Carol. Raw yet redemptive, it is a Christmas tale you'll not be able to put down.
At the end of each chapter, you will want to twist, not fold.
Buy Link
https://amzn.to/340M7qO
EXCERPT CH 3 KING OF HEARTS
Just as he was about to yield to the numbing cold, he sensed something wet snuffling around his head and then all over his face. This is it, Jake thought. Game over.
But the game wasn’t over. It was only when Jake felt thin, long whiskers brushing against his cheeks, tickling his skin, that he began to realise what it was. The sound of sniffing was the final giveaway, as was a warm, rough tongue that dragged across his icy cheeks. It was a large, stray dog – a German Shepherd – that had sought and found some warmth on a bitter night.
Jake opened the top of his sleeping bag and unzipped the edge, offering his canine friend the opportunity of shelter. The dog, desperate to get warm, clambered inside headfirst, before turning somewhere about Jake’s waist and returning with its dribbling nose to the top again.
Jake drew the blankets and the cardboard back above him. Within seconds he began to benefit from the warm body. There they lay without moving, drawing strength and comfort from each other’s body heat, until the blackened firmament turned leaden grey and the first hint of a morning sky began to appear above them.
Jake woke first to find the dog nestled into the scarf around his neck, her long and bony back pressed close into his stomach, her tail down to his shins. He looked at her eyes, which were still closed tight. She looked old and weary. A large scar extended from just above her left eye towards her tall and pointed left ear. When she opened her eyes as Jake began to stir, he saw that the pupil of this eye was damaged too, and what looked like a thin and milky membrane had drawn itself like a curtain over her tired retina.
‘Hello,’ said Jake.
The German Shepherd squinted as he spoke, drawing her face into what looked like the makings of a canine smile. This was confirmed by the dog’s long tail wagging against his legs beneath in the folds of the sleeping bag.
Jake reached out into his capsized trolley, groping for a packet of biscuits or some crisps. Withdrawing a red bag, he tore open the top with his stained teeth before removing a few crisps in his hands. The German Shepherd lifted her head, her ears pricking, and started sniffing vigorously at the edge of the bag.
‘Oh no you don’t,’ Jake said, fearing that the dog would do to the crisp bag what she had done to his sleeping bag the night before.
He pushed her eager nose away and held two crisps in his cold fingers before her face. She leaned her head to one side and took the food from his hands without touching his fingers at all, crunching it before swallowing. No sooner had she done this than she began to stare at the crisps once more, moving her hungry eyes from the bag to Jake and back again, her brown and black ears at full stretch and maximum anticipation, her chops revealing a thin layer of white saliva.
‘Oh, go on then,’ Jake said, tipping the whole bag onto some cardboard just beyond her face, watching as she consumed the larger pieces before licking every tiny fragment she could find.
‘I’ll call you Sandy,’ he said, ‘because you kept me warm last night.’
Mark Stibbe, “An acclaimed Christian author,” New York Times.
Mark started writing when he was very young, publishing his first book - an anthology of poetry entitled The Drawing out of Days - when he was just 17. Since then, he has been a prolific author and professional writer, with over 50 books published, and countless articles in broadsheet newspapers, journals and magazines. One of his most successful recent books has been Home at Last, offering a faith-based journey of recovery for those who were deeply affected by the trauma of being sent away to boarding school. He has also ghost written over thirty books, of many different genres.
In 2013, Mark migrated from writing nonfiction to fiction and this resulted in the co-authored historical spy thriller The Fate of Kings and now his debut, single-authored novel, King of Hearts, a raw but redemptive Christmas tale in the tradition of A Christmas Carol and It's a Wonderful Life. In early 2020, as the official storyteller for the award-winning Arokah Puzzle Game, he and Steve Brazier, the inventor of the puzzle, will publish the first in a series of Sci Fi Fantasy novels based around Arokah and starring Khali, an autistic, mixed-race hero. These are aimed at the 9-13 age group.
Mark runs BookLab with his wife Cherith, a company dedicated to equipping aspiring writers to become great authors. He is a frequent and much in-demand speaker at workshops for writers and conferences in which the subjects of his books are featured. He has often been interviewed on BBC (Radio and TV), Channel 4 and other media, and writes articles for The Times. Having been brought up by an adoptive father who dined fortnightly with CS Lewis, his whole life has been devoted to books and to writing. He lives in Kent with his wife Cherith and their Black Labrador, Bella.
@markstibbe
@Wildpressed
@LoveBooksGroup
Labels: already released, book tour, Books, check it out, excerpt, King of Hearts, Mark Stibbe, religious, religious fiction
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0012.json.gz/line1953
|
__label__wiki
| 0.608247
| 0.608247
|
Research ArticleMetabolism Free access | 10.1172/JCI23853
Deletion of SOCS7 leads to enhanced insulin action and enlarged islets of Langerhans
Alexander S. Banks,1 Jianze Li,2 Lisa McKeag,3 Marta L. Hribal,2 Masaki Kashiwada,3 Domenico Accili,2 and Paul B. Rothman3
1Department of Microbiology and 2Department of Medicine, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA. 3Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa, USA.
Address correspondence to: Paul B. Rothman, Department of Internal Medicine, SE308 GH, University of Iowa, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, 200 Hawkins Drive, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, USA. Phone: (319) 384-5424; Fax: (319) 356-8608; E-mail: paul-rothman@uiowa.edu.
Find articles by Banks, A. in: JCI | PubMed | Google Scholar
Find articles by Li, J. in: JCI | PubMed | Google Scholar
Find articles by McKeag, L. in: JCI | PubMed | Google Scholar
Find articles by Hribal, M. in: JCI | PubMed | Google Scholar
Find articles by Kashiwada, M. in: JCI | PubMed | Google Scholar
Find articles by Accili, D. in: JCI | PubMed | Google Scholar
Find articles by Rothman, P. in: JCI | PubMed | Google Scholar
Published September 1, 2005 - More info
Published in Volume 115, Issue 9 on September 1, 2005
J Clin Invest. 2005;115(9):2462–2471. https://doi.org/10.1172/JCI23853.
© 2005 The American Society for Clinical Investigation
Published September 1, 2005 - Version history
Received: November 8, 2004; Accepted: June 14, 2005
NIDDM is characterized by progressive insulin resistance and the failure of insulin-producing pancreatic β cells to compensate for this resistance. Hyperinsulinemia, inflammation, and prolonged activation of the insulin receptor (INSR) have been shown to induce insulin resistance by decreasing INSR substrate (IRS) protein levels. Here we describe a role for SOCS7 in regulating insulin signaling. Socs7-deficient mice exhibited lower glucose levels and prolonged hypoglycemia during an insulin tolerance test and increased glucose clearance in a glucose tolerance test. Six-month-old Socs7-deficient mice exhibited increased growth of pancreatic islets with mildly increased fasting insulin levels and hypoglycemia. These defects correlated with increased IRS protein levels and enhanced insulin action in cells lacking SOCS7. Additionally, SOCS7 associated with the INSR and IRS1 — molecules that are essential for normal regulation of insulin action. These data suggest that SOCS7 is a potent regulator of glucose homeostasis and insulin signaling.
Insulin is the primary hormone that regulates glucose uptake in mammals. Resistance to insulin, as characterized by systemic diminution in insulin action, can occur spontaneously with age, obesity, or inflammation and is a fundamental component of NIDDM. Despite intensive study, the molecular mechanism underlying spontaneous insulin resistance is currently unknown.
The binding of insulin to the insulin receptor (INSR) induces its intrinsic tyrosine kinase activity, which results in the recruitment and phosphorylation of multiple substrates. Among these are the INSR substrate (IRS) proteins. Individual mutation of the Irs-encoding genes in mice has shown that each of these proteins has a unique role in insulin signaling. The IRS proteins are subject to several modes of negative regulation, presumably to ensure that INSR signaling is tightly controlled. For example, IRS protein stability is diminished in response to chronic cellular stimulation with insulin. This decrease is mediated by proteins that interact with IRS and initiate ubiquitin-mediated proteasomal degradation of IRS molecules (1–8). In addition, exposure of cells to lipopolysaccharide or the inflammatory cytokine TNF-α induces serine/threonine phosphorylation of IRS1, which results in decreased affinity for the INSR that correlates with reduced insulin signaling (9–12). Thus, inflammatory or chronic stimulation can provoke cellular insulin resistance via effects on IRS protein function (1–3, 5).
SOCS proteins are known to act as negative regulators of cytokine action via inhibition of JAK/STAT signaling (13). Recently, SOCS proteins have also been implicated in the negative regulation of insulin signaling (14, 15). The SOCS family consists of 8 proteins (cytokine-inducible SH2-containing protein [CIS] and SOCS1–SOCS7). Each protein contains a unique aminoterminal domain of variable length, a central phosphotyrosine-binding SH2 domain, and a carboxyterminal SOCS box. Three mechanisms of SOCS action on JAK/STAT signaling have thus far been identified. SOCS proteins either directly bind to and inactivate tyrosine kinases, bind to cytokine receptors and occupy docking sites otherwise available for signal transduction mediators such as STATs and SHP2, or function as adapters by forming a complex with elongins B/C and facilitating the ubiquitination of signaling proteins and their subsequent proteasomal degradation (16). Among the SOCS proteins, SOCS7 is unique in that it contains 4 polyproline regions that may allow association with SH3 domain–containing proteins. SOCS7 interacting molecules have been identified in 2 independent screens utilizing the yeast 2-hybrid and coimmunoprecipitation assays. In these experiments, association was established with the signaling molecules Grb-2 and Stat-3; the tyrosine kinases Egfr, Lck, and Hck; the lipase PLC-γ; and the multiple SH3 domain–containing protein Vinexin. Both studies found interactions with the adaptor molecule Nck (17, 18). In addition, a glutathione-S-transferase–fusion protein of the SOCS7 SH2 domain was found by mass spectrometry to associate with IRS4 and p85, the regulatory subunit of PI3K (19). As a majority of these proteins act in the insulin-signaling pathway, these data suggest an interaction between SOCS7 and the insulin-signaling cascade.
There is a growing body of evidence supporting a role for the SOCS proteins in insulin signaling. Socs genes are induced by insulin treatment in a number of tissues and cell lines (18, 20–22). SOCS1 and SOCS3 interact with INSR, IRS1, and IRS2 (6, 21, 23–25), and forced expression of either SOCS protein in the liver induces insulin resistance. In cultured cells, overexpression of SOCS1 or SOCS3 has multiple effects, including reduced IRS protein levels, decreased Akt/PKB phosphorylation, reduced IRS-associated p85PI3K levels, and decreased PI3K activity (6, 21, 22, 25, 26). In cells treated with antisense knockdown vectors for Socs1 and Socs3 or in Socs3–/– adipocytes, TNF-α fails to generate insulin resistance. In vitro studies suggest that SOCS1 causes insulin resistance, and the reported hypoglycemia in Socs1–/– mice appears to confirm these data. However, these results may be confounded by the fact that Socs1–/– mice suffer from severe cachexia and premature death due to dysregulated IFN-γ expression. More significantly, Socs1–/– mouse embryonic fibroblast (MEF) cells exhibit increased adipocyte differentiation, which is a measure of sensitivity to insulin (23). Conversely, enforced adenoviral-driven Socs1 expression in mouse liver leads to hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia, and resistance to insulin injections, with dramatic reductions in hepatic IRS1 and IRS2 levels (6).
Until very recently most studies have focused on the actions of CIS, SOCS1, SOCS2 and SOCS3; little has been known about the function of other SOCS proteins. It now appears that these relatively obscure proteins are the evolutionary predecessors to the SOCS family. The sequencing of the Drosophila genome revealed 3 Socs genes, 1 homologous to Socs4 and Socs5 and 2 homologous to Socs6 and Socs7. The single Socs gene identified in the Caenorhabditis elegans genome sequence is similar to Socs6 and Socs7. This finding supports a conserved function for these proteins in animal biology, possibly beyond JAK/STAT signaling (16, 27). Examination of the murine SOCS6 and SOCS7 proteins has shown specific binding affinity for IRS4 and p85PI3K and interaction of SOCS7 with IRS2 (19), which suggests that they may affect insulin-signaling molecules. Several pieces of evidence suggest that SOCS6 regulates insulin action; however, the nature of this effect is uncertain. SOCS6 associates with the INSR and inhibits signal transduction when ectopically expressed in rat hepatoma cells (24). However, mice deficient in Socs6 do not exhibit any obvious defects in glucose homeostasis (19). It was therefore somewhat unexpected that global overexpression of Socs6 in transgenic mice caused increased glucose tolerance and insulin signaling through decreased p85PI3K levels (28).
SOCS7 protein shares greater than 50% identity with SOCS6 in both the SH2 domain and the SOCS box. Thus, the function of SOCS7 may overlap with that of SOCS6 sufficiently so that SOCS7 is able to compensate for SOCS6 deficiency. To clarify the physiological role of SOCS7 in vivo, we generated mice with a targeted disruption of the Socs7 gene. Our data demonstrate that mice deficient for the Socs7 gene show increased sensitivity to insulin via a mechanism that may involve increased accumulation and activity of IRS1.
Expression of Socs7 is upregulated by insulin. To determine the expression pattern of Socs7, mRNA levels in tissues from 3–7 female C57BL/6J (C57BL) and 129S6/SvEvTac mice (129S6) were quantified using a quantitative real-time PCR (Q-PCR) assay. In C57BL mice, Socs7 is expressed at the highest levels in isolated pancreatic islets, whole brain, and skeletal muscle, while lower levels are observed in liver, whole pancreas, perigonadal fat, skin, and spleen relative to levels of hypoxanthine guanine phosphoribosyl transferase (Hprt) mRNA (Figure 1A). A similar Socs7 expression pattern is seen in 129S6 mice, with notable differences in whole brain (decreased 5-fold), spleen (increased 6-fold), and isolated pancreatic islets (decreased 2,000-fold). To validate our Q-PCR data, a 129S6 murine multiple-tissue Northern blot was probed with a Socs7 cDNA. As shown in Figure 1B, Socs7 is expressed at high levels in skeletal muscle, brain, kidney, and testis and at low levels in other tissues. The larger transcript corresponds to the predicted size of the mRNA encoding Socs7 and is consistent with our Q-PCR data and a recently reported Northern blot (29). The small hybridizing mRNA (which predominates in the testis) is of unclear significance but is consistent with a previously reported tissue distribution of Socs7 using polyA RNA (19). The expression pattern of Socs7 is dramatically different from that reported for Socs6, which, although more widely expressed, is found only at low levels in muscle and brain (19).
Socs7 expression patterns, induction, and protein associations. (A) Socs7 mRNA expression was determined by Q PCR in 129S6 and C57BL mice fed a standard 10% fat diet ad libitum. Values are normalized relative to Hprt mRNA and plotted on a log scale. In addition to whole mouse tissues, collagenase-purified islets were also examined. Results are representative of 3 to 7 mice; error bars indicate ± SEM. *P < 0.05 between genotypes (1-tailed Student’s t test). 129S6 and C57BL/6 are indicated by light gray and dark gray bars, respectively. (B) A murine 129S6 multiple-tissue Northern blot was generated and probed with Socs7 full-length cDNA. Two bands were observed, the full-length transcript and a smaller, testis-specific (t.s.) isoform. The blot was stripped and reprobed with a Gapdh cDNA fragment as a loading control. Sk., skeletal. (C) Induction of Socs7 mRNA by insulin. Q-PCR for Socs7 in tissues isolated 1 hour after a physiological dose (0.75 U/kg) of insulin. Values are given as fold induction over level of Socs7 mRNA expression in untreated mice. Results from 4 treated (dark gray bars) and 4 untreated mice (light gray bars) are included. *P < 0.05 between stimulated and unstimulated mice of the same genotype (1-tailed Student’s t test). (D) Association of SOCS7 with insulin-signaling molecules. A full-length Socs7 cDNA was tagged with Xpress epitope and transfected into HEK293 cells with INSR or IRS1 as indicated. Immunoprecipitates of INSR or IRS1 and whole-cell lysates were blotted with an antibody recognizing SOCS7. Blots were stripped and reprobed with either antibodies against INSR or IRS1. WB, Western blot.
If SOCS7 were to act in a classical negative-feedback loop on insulin signaling, Socs7 message would be induced following insulin stimulation. We therefore examined the transcriptional response of Socs7 1 hour after a physiological dose (0.75 U/kg) of insulin in C57BL and 129S6 mice. Induction of Socs7 mRNA levels differed between the 2 strains. In muscle, the primary site of insulin-stimulated glucose utilization in mammals, Socs7 mRNA levels increased more than 4-fold in C57BL mice but decreased by a third in 129S6 muscle. An inverse pattern is observed in mRNA from whole brain, with a 2.5-fold induction in 129S6 and a reduction by half in C57BL mice. In addition, Socs7 message was induced 2-fold in liver from 129S6 mice but was unchanged in C57BL mice. We observed no significant transcriptional change in pancreas, fat, or spleen from either strain (Figure 1C). This result demonstrates that Socs7 expression is also rapidly regulated by insulin action in tissues that are important for regulation of glucose and insulin secretion in a strain-dependent manner. Previously, insulin was reported to regulate expression of other Socs genes in myoblasts, myotubes, and adipocytes (21, 25, 26, 30). These data suggest that SOCS proteins are variably regulated both in quantity and tissue distribution and may play complementary roles in regulation of insulin signaling.
SOCS7 interacts with multiple components of the insulin-signaling pathway. To help define the molecular mechanism by which SOCS7 participates in insulin signaling, we examined the interactions of SOCS7 with proximal mediators of insulin signaling in transfected HEK293 cells. cDNAs for Insr or Irs1 were expressed individually or were coexpressed with epitope-tagged Socs7. Lysates from these cells were subjected to immunoprecipitations performed with antibodies recognizing INSR or IRS1 (Figure 1D). SOCS7 coimmunoprecipitates when coexpressed with IRS1. In addition, SOCS7 coimmunoprecipitates with overexpressed INSR; however, SOCS7 is also capable of coimmunoprecipitating with the endogenous INSR. IRS1 and INSR both failed to coimmunoprecipitate with a control protein, Xpress epitope–tagged LacZ (data not shown). Although some proteins interact with IRS1 in a phosphorylation-dependent manner, this was not the case for SOCS7. Phosphatase treatment did not abrogate the interaction of SOCS7 with IRS1 (data not shown). These results raise the possibility that SOCS7 may interact with IRS1 in a manner only partially dependent on phosphorylation and may play a role in regulating activation or stability of the INSR or IRS proteins under basal and activated conditions.
Generation of Socs7-deficient mice reveals strain-dependent perinatal lethality. To investigate the in vivo function of Socs7, gene targeting was performed to generate Socs7-deficient mice (Figure 2A and Methods). Socs7+/– mice were intercrossed, and genotypes were determined by PCR (Figure 2C) and confirmed by Southern blot (Figure 2B). Functional disruption of the Socs7 gene was confirmed by Northern blot analysis of mRNA from liver, skeletal muscle, and testis. Although expression of the full-length Socs7 transcript is abrogated in liver and skeletal muscle, low levels of Socs7 expression persist in the testis. Additionally, the testis-specific isoform of Socs7 was not deleted in the targeted mice. This implies that the smaller transcript is not the product of exons 3–6 deleted in the targeted mice (Figure 2D). Socs7+/– mice were initially obtained in a mixed 129S6 × C57BL genetic background and were subsequently backcrossed 7 generations into C57BL/6J. Regardless of genetic background, Socs7–/– mice were born at the predicted Mendelian frequency (n = 258; Socs7+/+, 22%; Socs7+/–, 53%; Socs7–/–, 25%). Mixed background Socs7–/– mice were identical in length, weight, and body composition to wild-type littermates at up to 6 months of age (data not shown). However, Socs7–/– mice on the C57BL background displayed multiple defects at an early age. More than half of all C57BL Socs7–/– mice had severe hydrocephalus and growth retardation concomitant with hypoglycemia that resulted in perinatal lethality (29) (Figure 2E and data not shown). Because of these defects, subsequent analysis was performed using mice on the mixed background. Thus, Socs7 deficiency causes a dramatic phenotype that is strongly influenced by genetic background.
Targeted disruption of the Socs7 gene by homologous recombination. (A) Schematic representation of mouse Socs7 gene (top), targeting construct (middle), and targeted allele (bottom). Relevant restriction sites are indicated: Bg, BglII; H, HindIII; N, NotI; S, SalI; X, XbaI. The black boxes indicate exons. NeoR refers to the positive selection marker. The genomic fragment used as a probe for Southern blot analysis and the expected fragments after BglII digestion are indicated. (B) Southern blot analysis of BglII-digested genomic DNA from ES cell clones. The blot was hybridized with the indicated 3′ external probe. Lanes 1 and 2 show the wild-type allele from MEF and ES cells. Lanes 3–8 are from ES cells with correctly targeted alleles. (C) PCR analysis of genomic DNA from the tails of wild-type, heterozygous (Het), and knockout littermates. (D) Northern blot analysis of liver, skeletal muscle, and testis from wild-type, heterozygous, and knockout mice, showing the absence of Socs7 full-length transcript expression. (E) Growth retardation and hydrocephalus in Socs7 –/ – C57BL/6 mice. At 20 days of age, affected knockout mice exhibited a 40% decrease in weight when compared with heterozygote littermates on the C57BL/6 background (upper panel). Severe hydrocephalus is also present in a 4-week-old Socs7 –/ – mouse (lower panels). Hydrocephalus was not apparent in the mixed-background mice used in this study (image not shown).
Altered glucose homeostasis in Socs7-deficient mice. IRS proteins are essential mediators of insulin action. The interaction of SOCS7 with these proteins suggested that mice deficient in Socs7 might have altered glucose homeostasis. To evaluate this possibility, blood glucose and plasma insulin concentrations of overnight-fasted Socs7–/– and wild-type mice were determined. No differences were observed in mice aged 6–8 weeks. However, evaluation of mice between 5 and 8 months of age showed that wild-type mice developed mild hyperglycemia while, in contrast, glucose levels of the older Socs7–/– mice remained normal (Figure 3A and data not shown). On the other hand, insulin levels of wild-type mice were similar to those of young mice, but older Socs7–/– mice developed a small but significant hyperinsulinemia. These results may be indicative of a subtle alteration in glucose homeostasis.
Increased insulin sensitivity in Socs7 –/ – mice. (A) Blood glucose (right) and plasma insulin (left) concentrations in overnight-fasted wild-type and Socs7 –/ – mice aged at least 6 months. (B) Prolonged hypoglycemia in Socs7 –/ – mice following ITT and increased glucose clearance in GTT. All values are expressed as the mean ± SEM obtained from wild-type and Socs7 –/ – mice. All tests were performed on 5- to 8-month-old mice. Filled circles, wild-type mice; open circles, Socs7 –/ – mice. *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01; ***P < 0.001 (1-tailed Student’s t test). For ITT, results are given as a percentage of basal glucose concentration. (C) Increased islet size and β cell mass in Socs7 –/ – mice compared with wild-type littermates as assayed by staining with anti-insulin (upper panels) and antiglucagon antibodies (lower panels). Histogram represents the quantization of islet size performed using SPOT imaging software. Black bars, wild-type mice; white bars, Socs7 –/ – mice. Magnification, ×10.
To further analyze glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity, mice were subjected to glucose tolerance tests (GTTs) and insulin tolerance tests (ITTs). Following intraperitoneal glucose administration, 2- to 8-month-old Socs7–/– mice cleared glucose more rapidly than control animals and thus exhibited improved glucose tolerance (Figure 3B, upper panels). These results could not be explained by differences in insulin release following the glucose challenge (data not shown). Another possible basis for the improved glucose tolerance of the Socs7–/– mice is an increased sensitivity of target organs to insulin. To test this hypothesis, ITTs were performed. Consistent with the GTT results, Socs7–/– mice exhibited increased insulin sensitivity compared with wild-type mice (Figure 3B, lower panels). Notably, following insulin administration, blood glucose levels in the Socs7–/– mice dropped to levels lower than those of wild-type littermate controls. Furthermore, unlike glucose levels in wild-type mice, those in Socs7–/– did not return to basal levels for up to 2 hours after administration of insulin. One possible explanation for this result is a defective counterregulatory response to hypoglycemia, such as decreased glucagon secretion. To evaluate this possibility, we examined glucagon levels after insulin administration and found that Socs7–/– mice had the same glucagon levels as wild-type mice (data not shown). Thus, systemic insulin-induced hypoglycemia does not appear to be caused by altered glucagon secretion; instead, it appears to reflect heightened sensitivity to insulin.
Pancreatic islets in Socs7–/– mice become progressively enlarged. Sensitivity to insulin and adequate insulin secretion are essential for normal glucose homeostasis. Socs7–/– mice exhibited reduced glycemia during a GTT, suggesting an exaggerated insulin response to the glycemic load. To explore this possibility, we evaluated islets and insulin content of 5- to 8-month-old mice. Fixed and embedded sections from the pancreata of wild-type and Socs7–/– mice were stained with anti-insulin or antiglucagon antisera. Analysis revealed islet number to be increased 1.8-fold in Socs7–/– animals. The mean and median islet sizes in organs from Socs7–/– mice were increased 1.9-fold and 1.7-fold, respectively, relative to those in littermate controls. However, the most striking difference was a 5-fold increase in the percentage of large islets (> 750,000 μm3; Figure 3C). The same evaluation was performed in mice at 3 weeks of age; although islet number was modestly increased in Socs7–/– mice in this group, there was no significant difference in islet size, proliferation, or apoptosis as measured by BrdU incorporation or staining for cleaved caspase-3 (data not shown). These data suggest that SOCS7 has an important role in the regulation of islet mass in adult mice. Furthermore, most instances of islet hyperplasia are associated with insulin resistance. Paradoxically, in the case of Socs7 deficiency, we observed increased islet size in mice that are more sensitive to insulin.
Altered IRS activation in Socs7-deficient skeletal muscle. Skeletal muscle is the site of the greatest insulin-induced glucose uptake. It is also the whole tissue with highest expression of Socs7 mRNA. To investigate mechanisms responsible for the increased insulin sensitivity of Socs7–/– mice observed in response to an ITT, tyrosine phosphorylation of INSR and IRS1 proteins were examined in skeletal muscle after bolus insulin injection into the inferior vena cava. Tyrosine phosphorylation of immunoprecipitated IRS1, IRS2, and INSR was not increased following insulin stimulation, nor were the levels of phosphoserine Akt altered relative to those of wild-type controls (Figure 4A and data not shown). However, an electrophoretic mobility shift for IRS1 consistent with a covalent posttranslational modification was noted under both resting and insulin-stimulated conditions in Socs7–/– muscle. Although the nature of this modification has not been determined, several possible posttranslational modifications to IRS have been reported, including serine/threonine phosphorylation, glycosylation, and ubiquitination. These data, along with the GTT and ITT experiments, suggest that the response of Socs7-deficient mice to insulin is enhanced — possibly through the regulation of IRS1.
Socs7 affects insulin signaling and IRS1 protein stability. (A) Insulin stimulation of wild-type or Socs7 –/ – mice. Six-week-old female mice were injected with a 5-unit bolus of human insulin. Soleus muscle was harvested at the times indicated. IRS1 tyrosine phosphorylation (p-Tyr) was assayed by immunoprecipitation and immunoblot. The blots were stripped and reprobed for IRS1 to assess protein loading. Relative molecular weight markers are indicated in kDa. (B) Schematic representation of SOCS7 mutants. Wild-type SOCS7 contains 4 polyproline domains (P), an SH2 domain, and a SOCS box domain (SB). The ΔN mutant lacks the 4 N-terminal polyproline domains. The ΔSB mutant contains a deletion of the C-terminal SOCS box. The R→K mutation includes 2 point mutations in the phosphotyrosine-binding domain of the SH2 domain. (C) HEK293 cells were transfected with cDNAs for ubiquitin, Irs1, and wild-type or mutant Socs7 as indicated. Forty-eight hours after transfection, cells were harvested, and immunoprecipitation and immunoblotting for IRS1 were performed. (D) HEK293 cells were transfected as in C. Then, 42 hours after transfection, cells were preincubated for 30 minutes with either 20 μM of the proteasome inhibitor MG132 (right 3 lanes) or methanol carrier as a control. Cells were then stimulated with 100 nM insulin for 6 hours before harvest and immunoprecipitation with IRS1 and immunoblot with anti-ubiquitin antibody. Whole cell lysates were blotted with an antibody recognizing SOCS7. IRS1-Ub, ubiquitinated IRS1.
Protein degradation of IRS1 by SOCS7 in vitro. Multiple studies have proposed a molecular mechanism of insulin resistance due to increased proteasomal degradation of IRS1 or IRS2 in response to cytokines or insulin (1–3, 5, 6, 9). As SOCS proteins are implicated in targeting proteins for ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation, we hypothesized that SOCS7 may regulate IRS1 protein stability. To examine the effects of SOCS7 activity, we constructed 3 SOCS7 mutants (Figure 4B). These proteins lacked the N-terminal polyproline domains (ΔN), the C-terminal SOCS box (ΔSB), or a point mutation in the phosphotyrosine-binding site of the SH2 domain (R→K). When an Irs1 cDNA was transfected into HEK293 cells either alone or with a cDNA for ubiquitin, robust protein expression was detected (Figure 4C, lanes 2 and 4). However, addition of wild-type or an N-terminal deletion (ΔN) of SOCS7 resulted in dramatic reduction of IRS1 protein levels (Figure 4C, lanes 6 and 7, respectively). IRS1 protein levels were no longer reduced when cotransfected with a SOCS7 protein without the SOCS box (ΔSB), a domain implicated in ubiquitin conjugation (Figure 4C, lane 8). Similarly, SOCS7 containing a point mutation in the phosphotyrosine-binding site of the SH2 domain (R→K) failed to reduce IRS1 protein levels (Figure 4C, lane 9). The SOCS box is an approximately 40–amino acid region postulated to recruit the elongin B/C ubiquitin ligase machinery. The SH2 domain of SOCS proteins determines phosphotyrosine binding specificity and thereby targets phosphorylated proteins for ubiquitination. The failure of the SH2 domain and SOCS box mutants to reduce IRS1 protein levels suggests that wild-type SOCS7 may decrease the protein stability of IRS1 by ubiquitination.
IRS1 ubiquitination was examined to investigate the mechanism of reduced IRS1 protein levels when cotransfected with wild-type but not ΔSB SOCS7. If IRS1 is being targeted for proteasomal degradation by wild-type SOCS7, inhibiting the proteasome should result in an accumulation of ubiquitinated IRS1. Without the proteasome inhibitor MG132, IRS1 ubiquitination was almost undetectable (Figure 4D). However, after MG132 treatment, a baseline amount of ubiquitinated IRS1 was observed in cells without exogenous SOCS7. The amount of ubiquitinated IRS1 was enhanced in cells cotransfected with wild-type but not with ΔSB SOCS7. These results suggest that the diminished IRS1 protein levels observed in Figure 4C are the result of ubiquitination and proteasome-mediated degradation caused by SOCS7.
Enhanced insulin signaling and insulin-mediated adipogenesis in Socs7–/– fibroblasts. As SOCS7 is capable of reducing IRS1 protein levels in vitro and Socs7–/– mice demonstrate increased insulin sensitivity, we hypothesized that Socs7–/– mice might have lower rates of protein turnover and thus higher steady-state levels of IRS proteins. Therefore, IRS1 protein levels were examined in Socs7–/– cells following prolonged stimulation with IGF-1. Six hours after exposure to IGF-1, IRS1 protein levels were increased in Socs7–/– MEF cells compared with cells derived from Socs7+/+ mice (Figure 5A, lanes 5 and 6). The diminished protein levels in wild-type cells were blocked using lactacystin, a proteasome inhibitor (Figure 5A, lanes 7 and 8). The increased levels of IRS1 in Socs7-deficient cells suggest that Socs7 is required for stimulation-dependent protein degradation.
Resistance to stimulation-induced IRS1 degradation and increased adipogenesis in Socs7-deficient cells. (A) Socs7+/+ (WT) or Socs7 –/ – (KO) MEF cells were serum starved for 14–16 hours before a 30-minute pretreatment without (lanes 1, 2, 5, and 6) or with (lanes 3, 4, 7, and 8) lactacystin (Lact), a proteasome inhibitor. Cells were then stimulated with 10 nM IGF-1 for 6 hours. Immunoblotting for IRS1 was performed, followed by membrane stripping and reprobing with anti-p85 as a protein loading control. (B) Wild-type and Socs7-, Socs1-, and Socs3-deficient MEF cells were subjected to adipocyte differentiation (see Methods). Differentiation was scored either by staining for oil red O to measure triglyceride accumulation or by (C) Q-PCR for Pparg (normalized to Hprt) relative to 3T3-L1 adipocytes during differentiation.
Adipocyte differentiation in vitro is an insulin-dependent process. Disruption of essential insulin-signaling molecules such as Insr, Irs1, Akt1/2, and constitutively active Foxo1 has been shown to reduce adipogenesis (31–33). Inversely, disruption of Socs1 (an inhibitor of insulin action), exogenous expression of the PI3K substrate (Akt1), or a dominant-negative insulin-dependent transcription factor (Foxo1) all result in increased adipocyte formation (23, 33, 34). To address whether insulin signaling was altered in Socs7–/– fibroblasts, we examined the ability of insulin to induce the differentiation of these cells into adipocytes. Cells from wild-type, Socs1-, Socs3-, and Socs7-deficient embryos were allowed to differentiate for 14 days and either harvested for RNA or stained with the lipid-soluble dye, oil red O. Both Socs7–/– and Socs1–/– MEF cells showed increased adipocyte differentiation as determined by oil red O staining, but this was more dramatic in Socs7–/– MEF cells (Figure 5B). These data were confirmed with Q-PCR analysis of the adipose differentiation-induced genes Pparg and Glut4. Differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes sharply increased expression of these genes. Consistent with this result is the elevated expression of Pparg and Glut4 in Socs7–/– MEF cells (Figure 5C and data not shown). Results are representative of 3 to 5 different clonal isolates of MEF cells. As the differentiation protocol required a prolonged insulin treatment and we have demonstrated that Socs7–/– cells are resistant to insulin-induced IRS1 degradation (Figure 5A), the enhanced adipogenesis may be due to enhanced insulin action. Furthermore, these data support an important role for Socs7 in regulation of insulin-dependent adipogenesis.
Socs7 mRNA is highly expressed in organs that are essential for regulation of glucose homeostasis, and it is regulated by insulin in these tissues. SOCS7 protein associates with the proximal signaling molecules in the INSR pathway, and mice or cells lacking this protein display physiological signs of heightened sensitivity to insulin. Thus, SOCS7 appears to have an important role in the regulation of INSR signaling. SOCS7 is evolutionarily conserved. The SOCS6/SOCS7 precursor found in C. elegans is the evolutionary precursor to the mammalian SOCS family (27). Although the C. elegans SOCS protein lacks the N-terminal domain unique to other SOCS proteins, our data utilizing the human SOCS7 ΔN mutant demonstrates that this region may be dispensable. We hypothesize that manipulation of SOCS7 in model organisms such as C. elegans, Drosophila, and zebrafish will help to fully define roles in development, glucose regulation, and signaling. In addition, human and murine SOCS7 proteins share greater than 95% sequence identity. In our assays, we determined that overexpression of SOCS7 can cause decreased protein levels of IRS1, which is commonly found in human obesity and type 2 diabetes (35, 36). It will therefore be of great interest to determine whether SOCS7 is abnormally regulated in patients with obesity or type 2 diabetes.
Defining the specificity of SOCS proteins requires multiple approaches. Much of the literature describing regulation of insulin signaling by SOCS molecules relies on exogenous gene expression to determine potential function. While these studies have been crucial to furthering our understanding of SOCS protein function, there are examples in which high-level SOCS protein expression, which is normally tightly controlled, causes effects on proteins or signaling that are not bona fide physiological targets. Accordingly, in vivo models have proven an indispensable complement to these studies. Both transgenic overexpression and gene ablation studies have helped in discriminating which pathways are regulated by SOCS proteins. However, even in vivo studies have their limitations and have generated seemingly intractable discrepancies. Transgenic overexpression of CIS strongly suggests a role for this protein in the inhibition of STAT5A/B, as the phenotype of deficient lactation and reduced IL-2, IL-3, and EPO responses resembles that of STAT5-deficient mice. However, CIS-deficient mice exhibit no detectable abnormalities (reviewed in ref. 37). A similar paradigm exists for the role of SOCS6 in the regulation of insulin signaling. Global overexpression of Socs6 causes increased insulin sensitivity and glucose tolerance (28). This phenotype is similar to that of p85PI3K heterozygous mice, implicating p85PI3K as a regulatory target of SOCS6 (38). Yet Socs6–/– mice exhibit only mild growth retardation and normal responses to glucose and insulin (19). Therefore, in the study of SOCS molecules, the knockout approach has consistently been the most stringent assay of gene function.
Strain-dependent phenotypes in Socs7–/– mice. Approximately half of Socs7–/– mice on a C57BL genetic background exhibit hydrocephalus, growth retardation, and hypoglycemia associated with death within several weeks of birth. Krebs et al. describe a similar phenotype in independently generated Socs7-deficient mice on a pure C57BL strain (29). Their detailed histological analysis revealed developmental defects in the subcommissural organ, which may result in hydrocephalus.
While further experiments are required to determine the cause of the developmental defects in the subcommissural organ, it is possible that this phenotype is caused by dysregulated insulin and Igf-1 signaling. One report describes a correlation between idiopathic perinatal hyperinsulinemia and hydrocephalus in humans (39). In mice, transgenic overexpression of Igf–binding protein-1 also results in severe hydrocephalus (40). Furthermore, Igf receptor-1/Insr double-knockout mice exhibited generalized subcutaneous edema (41). The absence of the hydrocephalus phenotype in half the C57BL mice and all the mixed background mice suggest that unknown modifiers of Socs7 exist to limit the penetrance of the hydrocephalus. These modifiers may be identifiable via genetic approaches.
In this study, we demonstrate significant differences in Socs7 mRNA expression levels between wild-type 129S6 and C57BL mice in several tissues, with the greatest expression disparity being observed in isolated islets of Langerhans. These 2 inbred strains of laboratory mice differ in their susceptibility to obesity, insulin resistance, and diabetes (42, 43). The genetic basis for these differences has been studied in genome-wide linkage scans. In one such study, the locus corresponding to the Socs7 gene, distal murine chromosome 11, was assigned a logarithm of the odds of linkage (LOD) score of 3.0 for hyperinsulinemia resulting from 6 weeks on a high-fat diet (44). As this is a gene-rich area of the chromosome, these results do not necessarily exclude other genes from contributing to this phenotype. We find it suggests, however, that the lower levels of Socs7 in the islets of 129S6 mice might contribute to improved insulin signaling and sensitivity.
Regulation of islet mass in genetic studies of insulin-signaling molecules. We have demonstrated that pancreatic islets from wild-type C57BL mice express high levels of Socs7 mRNA. Socs7–/– mice are born with normal islet mass but develop islet hyperplasia with age despite exhibition of insulin sensitivity and the absence of hyperglycemia. Furthermore, our results raise several important questions and suggest a role for SOCS7 in the regulation of pancreatic islets and β cell homeostasis. Typically, increased islet mass is associated with compensatory growth in insulin-resistant states. This compensatory growth has been shown to be dependent on expression of insulin-signaling molecules. Studies have shown that mice with β cell–specific targeted disruption of INSR or IRS2 are born with normal islet mass that exhibits a failure to expand due to lack of responsiveness to normal growth signals over time (45, 46). Although increased islet mass is characteristically associated with insulin resistance, it can also be found in models of increased insulin action, such as transgenic mice expressing a constitutively activated form of Akt1 (47). We propose that islets in Socs7–/– mice exhibit a similar phenotype of increased growth in proportion to increased insulin signaling.
SOCS7 as a regulator of IRS function. Several of our findings suggest a role for SOCS7 in regulating IRS protein stability and function. When IRS1 is coexpressed with SOCS7 in HEK293 cells, IRS1 protein levels are reduced. This apparent degradation coincides with the cellular accumulation of ubiquitinated IRS1 when the proteasome is blocked. These data suggest that SOCS7 is sufficient for IRS1 ubiquitination and degradation. In wild-type cells, chronic insulin stimulation of MEF cells causes a reduction of IRS protein levels; this phenotype is also reversible with the inclusion of proteasome inhibitors (2, 3). This reduction is not observed in Socs7–/– MEF cells, which suggests that SOCS7 is necessary for insulin-stimulated IRS1 protein degradation in this cell type. Our insulin-dependent adipocyte differentiation assay supports this conclusion. In this assay, which requires incubation with insulin for several days, we found increased differentiation, a surrogate measure of insulin action, in Socs7–/– MEF cells. Perhaps the strongest evidence for a role in regulation of insulin signaling is the increased responsiveness of Socs7–/– mice to ITTs and GTTs. These experiments measure the whole-body response to insulin and glucose, and the results obtained cannot be explained by differences in body mass or insulin levels. Lastly, we find increased islet size in Socs7–/– mice, which may also be suggestive of increased insulin sensitivity. Together, these results suggest an essential, nonredundant role for SOCS7 in regulation of IRS1 and insulin signaling in vivo.
Role of SOCS proteins in adipocyte differentiation. Insulin signaling is essential to initiation of embryonic fibroblast differentiation into adipocytes. The evidence supporting this idea comes from gene ablation studies of IRS1 or IRS2, which exhibit partial defects in adipogenesis (31). In contrast, improved insulin signaling is reported for both Socs1 and Socs3 deficiency; however, increased adipogenesis is only found in Socs1–/– cells (23, 26). The results of increased adipogenesis found in Socs7–/– MEF cells are consistent with the increased insulin signaling seen in vivo. Although these results would predict an increased percentage of body fat in Socs7–/– mice in vivo, there is no significant difference in adiposity by 8 weeks of age. In mice 9 months of age, we detected large weight variations (> 10 grams) among littermate mice of the same genotype. We believe that these differences stem from the mixed genetic background of these mice. Furthermore, both wild-type and knockout animals on the mixed background resisted diet-induced obesity (data not shown), ostensibly due to the 129S6 component of the genetic background (43, 44). Hence, our failure to see an in vivo correlate to increased fibroblast differentiation is confounded by these factors. In summary, our data suggest that SOCS7 is an important regulator of insulin signaling and glucose homeostasis in mice. The definition of the salient regulatory system(s) that affect insulin may lead to greater understanding of the dysregulation present in type 2 diabetes.
Generation and identification of mutant mice. A 129X1/SvJ (formerly 129/SvJ) mouse genomic library (Stratagene) was screened with a mouse Socs7 expressed sequence tag (GenBank accession number 6256472) BamHI fragment as a probe. Exon/intron boundaries were determined by restriction enzyme mapping. A 17-kb NotI–NotI fragment of a positive clone was subcloned into pBluescript. To generate the targeting construct, a 9-kb HindIII fragment containing 5′ Socs7 genomic DNA and a 1.3-kb SmaI-XbaI fragment containing 3′ sequence were first cloned into pBluescript (Stratagene) and then into EcoRI/KpnI sites and XhoI/NotI sites of pPNT, respectively. The targeting construct was linearized with NotI and electroporated into CJ7 ES cells. Transfectants were selected in G418 (300 μg/ml) and ganciclovir (2 μM). Drug resistant-colonies were analyzed for homologous recombination by Southern blot following digestion with BglII and hybridized with a 3′ probe (Figure 1A). From a total of 192 clones, we obtained 6 that were correctly recombined. Chimeric mice were generated by microinjection of 2 ES cell clones into E3.5 C57BL/6J blastocysts, then transferred to pseudopregnant foster mothers. Chimeric males were mated with C57BL/6J females, and germline transmission of the mutated allele was verified by Southern blot tail DNA from agouti-colored F1 offspring. Routine genotyping was determined by PCR. The sense primers derived from the Socs7 gene were 5′-CCAGCTCCAGGAGACTTAACA-3′ and 5′-CTGGTACGAGACAGCTCTGAT-3′. The antisense primer derived from the NeoR gene was 5′-CTACCGGTGGATGTGGAATGT-3′. The reaction was started at 94°C and proceeded for 2 minutes. This was followed by 35 cycles at 94°C (30 seconds), 58°C (30 seconds), and 72°C (45 seconds). The wild-type allele resulted in a 250-bp band and the recombinant allele in a 320-bp band. All experimental mouse protocols adhered to Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC) guidelines and were approved by the IACUC of Columbia University Medical Center.
Blood glucose, plasma insulin, and glucagon concentrations. Prior to measuring basal blood glucose and plasma insulin concentrations, we fasted 6- to 8-week-old mice overnight (12–16 hours). Blood was obtained by retro-orbital bleeds on unanesthetized mice. Blood glucose levels were measured using an automatic glucometer (Roche Diagnostics Corp.). Plasma insulin and glucagon levels were measured by radioimmunoassay (Linco Research Inc.).
GTT and ITT. GTT was performed as described. After an overnight fast, mice were injected intraperitoneally with 2 g/kg body weight of D-glucose. Plasma glucose levels were determined from the mouse tail vein at 0, 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes after injection. ITT was performed as previously described (30, 31), using an intraperitoneal injection of human insulin (0.75 U/kg body weight) in unanesthetized mice. Thereafter, blood was drawn from the tail vein at 0, 20, 40, 60, and 120 minutes, and plasma glucose levels were measured.
Northern analysis and Q-PCR. Random fed female mice aged 4–6 weeks from the Jackson Laboratory (C57BL/6J) or Taconic (129S6SvEv) were either unperturbed or treated with a 0.75-U/kg intraperitoneal bolus of insulin. Total RNA was extracted from tissues using TRIzol (Invitrogen Corp.) according to the manufacturer’s protocol. Two micrograms per lane of mRNA was fractionated by electrophoresis on a 1% agarose-formaldehyde gel, transferred to Duralose-UV nitrocellulose membrane, and fixed by UV cross-linking. The membranes were then hybridized with 32P-radiolabeled mouse cDNA of Socs7 or a Gapdh fragment as probes. For Q-PCR, RNA was further purified through a RNeasy column according to the manufacturer’s protocol (QIAGEN). cDNA synthesis was performed with 2 μg of total DNase free-RNA with Omniscript (QIAGEN) according to the manufacturer’s instructions. Real-time PCR reactions were performed using QuantiTect SYBR Green PCR Kit (QIAGEN) on an ABI PRISM 7700 (Applied Biosystems). Plasmid controls for Socs7 and Hprt were included on each plate for determination of absolute copy number. A 150-bp Socs7 fragment was generated from the following primers: sense, 5′-TGACAAGAACTCAAAGTGCC-3′; and antisense, 5′-GGCTTCTTCTTGGAGGAGGA-3′. A 150-bp Pparg fragment was generated from the following primers: sense, 5′-TCTGCTCAAGTATGGTGTCCA-3′; and antisense, 5′-AGTTCCAGGGCCTGCAGCAGG-3′. Reactions were performed at 95°C for 15 minutes; this was followed by 50 cycles at 94°C (15 seconds), 60°C (30 seconds), and 72°C (30 seconds).
Plasmid generation and cell culture. HEK293 cells were transfected with the calcium phosphate precipitation method as described previously (48). The plasmid for the truncated form of Socs7, pGEX2T-NAP4, was a generous gift from T. Takenawa (Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan), and the remaining sequence was obtained by high fidelity PCR from a human SOCS7 (hSOCS7) expressed sequence tag (I.M.A.G.E. clone number 2387107). Our full-length human Socs7 cDNA has a predicted amino acid sequence matching the GenBank sequence NP_055413, with the exception of a spontaneous mutation, P349S. This cDNA was placed in frame with the dual N-terminal His and Xpress epitope tags of pCDNA3HisA (Invitrogen Corp.). The SOCS7 mutants were generated as follows: ΔN has an N-terminal 352–amino acid deletion; ΔSB has a C-terminal 79–amino acid deletion; and the R→K construct substitutes R425K and S427C. For cell culture experiments shown in Figures 4C and 5A, MEF or HEK293 cells were pretreated with 20 μM MG132 or 10 μM lactacystin (Sigma-Aldrich) for 30 minutes before a 6-hour treatment with 10 nM IGF-1 (R&D Systems) or 100 nM insulin (Lilly). Cell culture experiments for Figures 1D and 4C included no insulin other than that found in 10% serum.
Western analysis and immunoprecipitation. Human insulin (0.75 U/kg) was injected as a bolus into the inferior venae cavae or intraperitoneal cavities of anaesthetized mice. The quadriceps muscles were removed at 5 or 60 minutes after insulin injection and were frozen on dry ice. Cellular lysates were homogenized in NP-40 lysis buffer containing 0.5% NP-40, 50 mM Tris pH 8.0, 10% glycerol, 0.1 mM EDTA, 150 mM NaCl, 0.5 mM Na3VO4, 4.5 mM Na2P4O7, 50 mM NaF, 1 mM DTT, 0.4 mM PMSF, 3 μg/ml aprotinin, 1 μg/ml leupeptin, and 2 μg/ml pepstatin. The homogenates were solubilized for 1 hour at 4°C and clarified by centrifugation at 16,000 g for 30 minutes. Supernatants containing equal amounts of protein (2–3 mg) were immunoprecipitated (≥ 2 hours or overnight) with 2 μg of an antibody against INSR β subunit (Santa Cruz Biotechnology Inc.), an anti-IRS1 antibody (Upstate), or an anti-IRS2 antibody (Upstate). Immune complexes were collected with 60 μl of a 50% slurry of protein A agarose (Santa Cruz) resolved on 6% SDS–PAGE and transferred to nitrocellulose. The blots were probed with antibodies against INSR β subunit, IRS1, Xpress epitope (Invitrogen Corp.), ubiquitin (Santa Cruz Biotechnology Inc.), or antiphosphotyrosine 4G10 (Upstate) (48).
Histology. Pancreata from 6 wild-type and 6 Socs7–/– mice were fixed in formalin, sectioned, and stained with anti-insulin or antiglucagon antisera, then counterstained with an alkaline phosphatase secondary antibody. Two sections from each pancreas were imaged and quantified for surface area with SPOT Image analysis software (version 4.0; Diagnostic Instruments Inc.).
Adipocyte differentiation. MEF cells were collected from 11.5–14.5 dpc (days post coitum) embryos, seeded into 12-well plates, and propagated to confluence. From 3 to 5 cell lines were tested for each genotype. Socs7-sufficient or -deficient cells were developed from C57BL/6 embryos. After 48 hours, differentiation was induced using 5 μg/ml insulin, 1 μM dexamethasone, 0.5 mM IBMX, and 10 μM troglitazone (Sigma-Aldrich). After 2 days, media were replaced with a maintenance medium of insulin and troglitazone. After 14 days of differentiation, lipid drops in the cells were stained with oil red O, or RNA was extracted as described above. 3T3-L1 cells were differentiated as previously described (5).
Analysis. Statistical analyses were performed with Microsoft Excel software using 1-tailed Student’s t tests. A P value less than 0.05 was considered significant.
We would like to thank Marija Chouinard and Rudy Leibel for the generous gift of isolated islet mRNA and Anne-Marie Brillantes for help with islet morphometry and surface area quantification. This work was supported in part by NIH grant IP30-DK63068.
Alexander S. Banks and Jianze Li contributed equally to this work.
Note added in proof. A recent paper describing enhanced hepatic insulin signaling in Socs1–/–Ifng–/– mice has helped to further clarify the differential roles of SOCS molecules in this pathway (49).
Nonstandard abbreviations used: CIS, cytokine-inducible SH2-containing protein; GTT, glucose tolerance test; Hprt, hypoxanthine guanine phosphoribosyl transferase; INSR, insulin receptor; IRS, INSR substrate; ITT, insulin tolerance test; MEF, mouse embryonic fibroblast; Q-PCR, quantitative real-time PCR.
Rice, KM, Turnbow, MA, Garner, CW. Insulin stimulates the degradation of IRS-1 in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 1993. 190:961-967.
Zhande, R, Mitchell, JJ, Wu, J, Sun, XJ. Molecular mechanism of insulin-induced degradation of insulin receptor substrate 1. Mol. Cell. Biol. 2002. 22:1016-1026.
Sun, XJ, Goldberg, JL, Qiao, LY, Mitchell, JJ. Insulin-induced insulin receptor substrate-1 degradation is mediated by the proteasome degradation pathway. Diabetes. 1999. 48:1359-1364.
Senn, JJ, Klover, PJ, Nowak, IA, Mooney, RA. Interleukin-6 induces cellular insulin resistance in hepatocytes. Diabetes. 2002. 51:3391-3399.
Rui, L, Fisher, TL, Thomas, J, White, MF. Regulation of insulin/insulin-like growth factor-1 signaling by proteasome-mediated degradation of insulin receptor substrate-2. J. Biol. Chem. 2001. 276:40362-40367.
Rui, L, Yuan, M, Frantz, D, Shoelson, S, White, MF. SOCS-1 and SOCS-3 block insulin signaling by ubiquitin-mediated degradation of IRS1 and IRS2. J. Biol. Chem. 2002. 277:42394-42398.
Haruta, T, et al. A rapamycin-sensitive pathway down-regulates insulin signaling via phosphorylation and proteasomal degradation of insulin receptor substrate-1. Mol. Endocrinol. 2000. 14:783-794.
Saltiel, AR, Kahn, CR. Insulin signalling and the regulation of glucose and lipid metabolism. Nature. 2001. 414:799-806.
Hotamisligil, GS, et al. IRS-1-mediated inhibition of insulin receptor tyrosine kinase activity in TNF-alpha- and obesity-induced insulin resistance. Science. 1996. 271:665-668.
Aguirre, V, Uchida, T, Yenush, L, Davis, R, White, MF. The c-Jun NH(2)-terminal kinase promotes insulin resistance during association with insulin receptor substrate-1 and phosphorylation of Ser(307). J. Biol. Chem. 2000. 275:9047-9054.
Gao, Z, et al. Serine phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrate 1 by inhibitor kappa B kinase complex. J. Biol. Chem. 2002. 277:48115-48121.
Paz, K, et al. A molecular basis for insulin resistance. Elevated serine/threonine phosphorylation of IRS-1 and IRS-2 inhibits their binding to the juxtamembrane region of the insulin receptor and impairs their ability to undergo insulin-induced tyrosine phosphorylation. J. Biol. Chem. 1997. 272:29911-29918.
Chen, XP, Losman, JA, Rothman, P. SOCS proteins, regulators of intracellular signaling. Immunity. 2000. 13:287-290.
Johnston, AM, Pirola, L, Van Obberghen, E. Molecular mechanisms of insulin receptor substrate protein-mediated modulation of insulin signalling. FEBS Lett. 2003. 546:32-36.
Krebs, DL, Hilton, DJ. A new role for SOCS in insulin action. Suppressor of cytokine signaling [review]. Sci. STKE. 2003. 2003:PE6.
Kile, BT, et al. The SOCS box: a tale of destruction and degradation. Trends Biochem. Sci. 2002. 27:235-241.
Matuoka, K, Miki, H, Takahashi, K, Takenawa, T. A novel ligand for an SH3 domain of the adaptor protein Nck bears an SH2 domain and nuclear signaling motifs. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 1997. 239:488-492.
Martens, N, et al. The suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS)-7 interacts with the actin cytoskeleton through vinexin. Exp. Cell Res. 2004. 298:239-248.
Krebs, DL, et al. SOCS-6 binds to insulin receptor substrate 4, and mice lacking the SOCS-6 gene exhibit mild growth retardation. Mol. Cell. Biol. 2002. 22:4567-4578.
Peraldi, P, Filloux, C, Emanuelli, B, Hilton, DJ, Van Obberghen, E. Insulin induces suppressor of cytokine signaling-3 tyrosine phosphorylation through janus-activated kinase. J. Biol. Chem. 2001. 276:24614-24620.
Emanuelli, B, et al. SOCS-3 is an insulin-induced negative regulator of insulin signaling. J. Biol. Chem. 2000. 275:15985-15991.
Emanuelli, B, et al. SOCS-3 inhibits insulin signaling and is up-regulated in response to tumor necrosis factor-alpha in the adipose tissue of obese mice. J. Biol. Chem. 2001. 276:47944-47949.
Kawazoe, Y, et al. Signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT)-induced STAT inhibitor 1 (SSI-1)/suppressor of cytokine signaling 1 (SOCS1) inhibits insulin signal transduction pathway through modulating insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS-1) phosphorylation. J. Exp. Med. 2001. 193:263-269.
Mooney, RA, et al. Suppressors of cytokine signaling-1 and -6 associate with and inhibit the insulin receptor. A potential mechanism for cytokine-mediated insulin resistance. J. Biol. Chem. 2001. 276:25889-25893.
Ueki, K, Kondo, T, Kahn, CR. Suppressor of cytokine signaling 1 (SOCS-1) and SOCS-3 cause insulin resistance through inhibition of tyrosine phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrate proteins by discrete mechanisms. Mol. Cell. Biol. 2004. 24:5434-5446.
Shi, H, Tzameli, I, Bjorbaek, C, Flier, JS. Suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 is a physiological regulator of adipocyte insulin signaling. J. Biol. Chem. 2004. 279:34733-34740.
Rawlings, JS, Rennebeck, G, Harrison, SM, Xi, R, Harrison, DA. Two Drosophila suppressors of cytokine signaling (SOCS) differentially regulate JAK and EGFR pathway activities. BMC Cell Biol. 2004. 5:38. doi:10.1186/1471-2121-5-38.
Li, L, et al. Insulin induces SOCS-6 expression and its binding to the p85 monomer of phosphoinositide 3-kinase, resulting in improvement in glucose metabolism. J. Biol. Chem. 2004. 279:34107-34114.
Krebs, DL, et al. Development of hydrocephalus in mice lacking SOCS7. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 2004. 101:15446-15451.
Sadowski, CL, et al. Insulin induction of SOCS-2 and SOCS-3 mRNA expression in C2C12 skeletal muscle cells is mediated by Stat5*. J. Biol. Chem. 2001. 276:20703-20710.
Miki, H, et al. Essential role of insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS-1) and IRS-2 in adipocyte differentiation. Mol. Cell. Biol. 2001. 21:2521-2532.
Peng, XD, et al. Dwarfism, impaired skin development, skeletal muscle atrophy, delayed bone development, and impeded adipogenesis in mice lacking Akt1 and Akt2. Genes Dev. 2003. 17:1352-1365.
Nakae, J, et al. The forkhead transcription factor Foxo1 regulates adipocyte differentiation. Dev. Cell. 2003. 4:119-129.
Magun, R, et al. Expression of a constitutively activated form of protein kinase B (c-Akt) in 3T3-L1 preadipose cells causes spontaneous differentiation. Endocrinology. 1996. 137:3590-3593.
Goodyear, LJ, et al. Insulin receptor phosphorylation, insulin receptor substrate-1 phosphorylation, and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase activity are decreased in intact skeletal muscle strips from obese subjects. J. Clin. Invest. 1995. 95:2195-2204.
View this article via: JCI PubMed Google Scholar
Rondinone, CM, et al. Insulin receptor substrate (IRS) 1 is reduced and IRS-2 is the main docking protein for phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase in adipocytes from subjects with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 1997. 94:4171-4175.
Alexander, WS, Hilton, DJ. The role of suppressors of cytokine signaling (SOCS) proteins in regulation of the immune response. Annu. Rev. Immunol. 2004. 22:503-529.
Mauvais-Jarvis, F, et al. Reduced expression of the murine p85alpha subunit of phosphoinositide 3-kinase improves insulin signaling and ameliorates diabetes. J. Clin. Invest. 2002. 109:141-149. doi:10.1172/JCI200213305.
de Lonlay, P, et al. Facial appearance in persistent hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia. Am. J. Med. Genet. 2002. 111:130-133.
Doublier, S, Duyckaerts, C, Seurin, D, Binoux, M. Impaired brain development and hydrocephalus in a line of transgenic mice with liver-specific expression of human insulin-like growth factor binding protein-1. Growth Horm. IGF Res. 2000. 10:267-274.
Louvi, A, Accili, D, Efstratiadis, A. Growth-promoting interaction of IGF-II with the insulin receptor during mouse embryonic development. Dev. Biol. 1997. 189:33-48.
West, DB, Boozer, CN, Moody, DL, Atkinson, RL. Dietary obesity in nine inbred mouse strains. Am. J. Physiol. 1992. 262:R1025-R1032.
Goren, HJ, Kulkarni, RN, Kahn, CR. Glucose homeostasis and tissue transcript content of insulin signaling intermediates in four inbred strains of mice: C57BL/6, C57BLKS/6, DBA/2, and 129X1. Endocrinology. 2004. 145:3307-3323.
Almind, K, Kahn, CR. Genetic determinants of energy expenditure and insulin resistance in diet-induced obesity in mice. Diabetes. 2004. 53:3274-3285.
Kubota, N, et al. Insulin receptor substrate 2 plays a crucial role in β cells and the hypothalamus. J. Clin. Invest. 2004. 114:917-927. doi:10.1172/JCI200421484.
Kulkarni, RN, et al. Tissue-specific knockout of the insulin receptor in pancreatic beta cells creates an insulin secretory defect similar to that in type 2 diabetes. Cell. 1999. 96:329-339.
Tuttle, RL, et al. Regulation of pancreatic beta-cell growth and survival by the serine/threonine protein kinase Akt1/PKBalpha. Nat. Med. 2001. 7:1133-1137.
Limnander, A, Danial, NN, Rothman, PB. v-Abl signaling disrupts SOCS-1 function in transformed pre-B cells. Mol. Cell. 2004. 15:329-341.
Jamieson, E., et al. 2005. SOCS1 deficiency enhances hepatic insulin signaling. J. Biol. Chem. In press.
Version 1 (September 1, 2005): No description
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0012.json.gz/line1954
|
__label__cc
| 0.552349
| 0.447651
|
Authorities trying to evacuate area northeast of Guthrie wildifre
56-year-old man found dead in home after refusing to evacuate
Updated: 4:03 PM CDT May 5, 2014
Laura Hendrix
Digital Editor
Authorities are trying to evacuate a residential area northeast of the fire. The area is at Briarwood Lane and Post Road one mile south of Highway 105.Gov. Mary Fallin will go to Logan County Monday to be briefed by local and state emergency officials Monday.Logan County authorities said a 56-year-old man who refused to evacuate his home during Sunday's wildfire near Guthrie has died.Lara O'Leary with Emergency Medical Services Authority, said 36 patients were treated for smoke inhalation, heat exhaustion, and fatigue. No one was taken to the hospital. According to officials, all those overcome with smoke were firefighters.The residents evacuated from the Logan County wildfire have been told they can go back to their homes at their own risk. The fire is 75 percent contained and 150 homes are currently in danger with the fire's current path.Guthrie Fire Chief Eric Harlow said a controlled burn that got out of hand is to blame for the fire that destroyed six occupied homes. The Oklahoma Agricultural Department and the State Fire Marshall's Office are investigating.The blaze began as a grass fire in Logan County about 4 p.m. Guthrie officials say 40 agencies have responded to the blaze.At least six occupied structures have burned, but officials cautioned that number will likely rise as they are able to evaluate the path of the fire.Harlow estimated that 3,000 to 3,500 acres have burned as a result of the blaze. Fire crews said at daybreak, they will be able to start battling the fire by air and several bulldozers would be in to fight the flames, as well.The Red Cross is set up just east of Interstate 35 on Seward Road in the Northeast corner parking lot ready to take information and provide resources for displaced residents.Stay with KOCO.com for breaking news and information.10954716
GUTHRIE, Okla. —
Authorities are trying to evacuate a residential area northeast of the fire. The area is at Briarwood Lane and Post Road one mile south of Highway 105.
Gov. Mary Fallin will go to Logan County Monday to be briefed by local and state emergency officials Monday.
Photos: Guthrie wildfire
Guthrie resident cries as fire burns neighbors homes
Latest information on Logan County wildfire
Logan County authorities said a 56-year-old man who refused to evacuate his home during Sunday's wildfire near Guthrie has died.
Lara O'Leary with Emergency Medical Services Authority, said 36 patients were treated for smoke inhalation, heat exhaustion, and fatigue. No one was taken to the hospital. According to officials, all those overcome with smoke were firefighters.
The residents evacuated from the Logan County wildfire have been told they can go back to their homes at their own risk. The fire is 75 percent contained and 150 homes are currently in danger with the fire's current path.
Guthrie Fire Chief Eric Harlow said a controlled burn that got out of hand is to blame for the fire that destroyed six occupied homes. The Oklahoma Agricultural Department and the State Fire Marshall's Office are investigating.
The blaze began as a grass fire in Logan County about 4 p.m. Guthrie officials say 40 agencies have responded to the blaze.
At least six occupied structures have burned, but officials cautioned that number will likely rise as they are able to evaluate the path of the fire.
Harlow estimated that 3,000 to 3,500 acres have burned as a result of the blaze. Fire crews said at daybreak, they will be able to start battling the fire by air and several bulldozers would be in to fight the flames, as well.
The Red Cross is set up just east of Interstate 35 on Seward Road in the Northeast corner parking lot ready to take information and provide resources for displaced residents.
Stay with KOCO.com for breaking news and information.
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0012.json.gz/line1958
|
__label__wiki
| 0.831392
| 0.831392
|
Category: Andrus Peat Jersey
His prolonged holdout ESPN’s adam schefter reported cardinals
Louis Cardinals and four years as CEO of New Meadowlands Stadium Company where he oversaw the Womens Janoris Jenkins Jersey construction and operation of MetLife Stadium.Beck made a few NHL appearances, but played just two games for the Islanders in 2015.They bring a spark this time of year, Eichel said of his rookie teammates.The source said that the Rams also had communicated the information regarding the arrest to the league office, meaning that both the Rams and the NFL concealed the situation during the week that the Rams were in the epicenter of the NFL’s biggest event of the year, with an article on providing the official reason for Rath’s absence from Super Bowl week without even mentioning the other official reason that would have kept him away from the team.It was a Google document that everybody signed.
He would receive Hockey Hall of Fame induction in 1993, and despite relatively average regular season play is still considered one of the best goaltenders in hockey history.What would your upper body look like if you only did the exercises that activated the most muscle fibers?Chase Audige added 14 and Justin Pierce 11.The Seahawks have won 10 division titles and three conference championships.A series of dramatic near falls late kept the intensity building, including Black diving in to barely break up a pin after Ricochet was hit with a neckbreaker moonsault combo.
Borgstrom, a skilled forward from Finland, made the jump from college to the NHL when he played for the Florida Panthers against the Ottawa Senators on March 29, three days after signing with Florida.Honka exited Wednesday’s 5 win over the Devils prematurely for precautionary reasons, but he was never in serious danger of missing Friday’s contest.Repeat until you’ve completed all of your sets for each exercise, and then move on to the next group.Marques Townes had 15 points and eight rebounds for Loyola .He was on a run of six consecutive 100-yard outings before being held to season lows of two catches and 18 yards by the Ravens last weekend.Signed off the street after backup Malcolm Brown was lost for the season and with Todd Gurley battling an injury back in December, Anderson put up 488 rushing yards in five games with the Rams.
Bill Streicher USA TODAY http://www.saintsofficialfootballstore.com/Andrus-Peat-Jersey.html Sports HOUSTON — When Brian Gaine was asked at the NFL scouting combine whether he saw Lamar Miller as the team’s starting running back in 2019, the Houston Texans’ general manager didn’t hesitate to say yes.The Jets made Suh an offer but changed their minds and rescinded it a few…He appeared in 1 games with the New Jersey Devils, Hartford Whalers, New York Rangers, Dallas Stars and Red Wings, compiling 522 goals and 1 points.Rangers defensemen have tallied 53 points in the last 29 games .
Reimer was traded to the San Jose Sharks on Feb.Jones, a sophomore, made 8 of 11 shots and hauled in a career-best 10 rebounds with six assists, notching his second career double-double.What does it really take to get your body ready for the summer?Sun made her Nebraska debut Sept.
After becoming the first Islander to reach the 40-goal mark since 2006, he will be counted on to continue to put the puck in the net consistently.Here’s what I find interesting about this scenario: The Patriots wouldn’t have to give up much to get up to No.The http://www.giantsfootballofficialprostores.com/giants+janoris+jenkins+jersey Sabres emphasized the start to their game after falling behind early in a loss on Long Island on Saturday.Little children, it is the last hour; and as you have heard that the Antichrist is coming, even now many antichrists have come, by which we know that it is the last hour .To search for players who were born on a certain date, for example all players born on December 25, choose the month, day and year with the drop down boxes and then choose Authentic Andrus Peat Jersey the ‘Full Date Search’ option.
Categories: Andrus Peat Jersey
Tags: Authentic Andrus Peat Jersey Womens Janoris Jenkins Jersey
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0012.json.gz/line1959
|
__label__cc
| 0.624207
| 0.375793
|
down Go Back to Events
Webinar | The Essentials of a High-Quality Pre-Apprenticeship Program
This webinar event explored the characteristics of JFF’s Framework for a High-Quality Pre-Apprenticeship Program, what IBM looks for in a pre-apprenticeship, and how Pennsylvania is supporting these programs.
Pre-apprenticeship programs can be a critical stepping-stone for those without access to apprenticeship programs and the opportunities they provide. Pre-apprenticeships supply the training, support services, and career navigation assistance that people need to enter and succeed in an apprenticeship and, ultimately, a career.
With high-quality implementation, pre-apprenticeship programs can be a bridge to career opportunities for students, new workers, or underprepared learners. They are particularly effective in preparing underrepresented populations for middle-skill employment opportunities, increasing diversity and equity through the apprenticeship and workforce systems.
In this webinar event, JFF explored the six core characteristics of JFF’s Framework for a High-Quality Pre-Apprenticeship Program. Panelist Jennifer Oddo, program manager for IBM's External Workforce and Apprenticeship Initiatives and chair of the Consumer Technology Association Apprenticeship Coalition, discussed the features an IT apprenticeship program may look for when partnering with a pre-apprenticeship. Additionally, panelist Eric Ramsay of Pennsylvania’s Apprenticeship and Training Office discussed how states are now viewing and supporting pre-apprenticeship strategies.
This webinar was funded by the generous support of Salesforce.
More Related to Webinar | The Essentials of a High-Quality Pre-Apprenticeship Program | JFF
Center for Apprenticeship & Work-Based Learning
This tried-and-true training model has been around for so long because it works. JFF is a leader in expanding apprenticeship and work-based learning to new industries and professions.
Tagged under: Manufacturing, Information & Communications Technology, Health Care
JFF's Framework for a High-Quality Pre-Apprenticeship Program
These 6 aspirational characteristics of high-quality pre-apprenticeship programs can build equity and improve success in new or existing programs.
Pre-apprenticeship programs can be delivered by a range of entities and are designed to prepare underprepared learners, students, and new workers to enter and succeed in Registered Apprenticeships or other high-quality apprenticeship programs, and ultimately careers.
This framework can be used by new or existing programs to help guide their growth and development.
By Lili Allen , Charlotte Cahill , Deborah Kobes , Eric M. Seleznow , Myriam Milfort Sullivan
We Need to Raise the Bar on Pre-Apprenticeships
Pre-apprenticeships can help workers from underrepresented populations become “apprenticeship ready.” But these programs lack consistent standards and expectations. JFF’s framework can help new or established programs become effective and equitable, opening new paths to apprenticeship and, ultimately, careers.
By Deborah Kobes , Myriam Milfort Sullivan
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0012.json.gz/line1961
|
__label__cc
| 0.533211
| 0.466789
|
Umbrella menu
SfN.org
eNeuro
Neuronline
BrainFacts.org
ARTICLE, Development/Plasticity/Repair
Rac1-Mediated Endocytosis during Ephrin-A2- and Semaphorin 3A-Induced Growth Cone Collapse
William M. Jurney, Gianluca Gallo, Paul C. Letourneau and Steven C. McLoon
Journal of Neuroscience 15 July 2002, 22 (14) 6019-6028; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.22-14-06019.2002
William M. Jurney
1Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455
Gianluca Gallo
Paul C. Letourneau
Steven C. McLoon
Negative guidance molecules are important for guiding the growth of axons and ultimately for determining the wiring pattern in the developing nervous system. In tissue culture, growth cones at the tips of growing axons collapse in response to negative guidance molecules, such as ephrin-A2 and semaphorin 3A. The small GTPase Rac1 is involved in growth cone collapse, but the nature of its role is not clear. Rac1 activity assays showed that Rac1 is transiently inactivated after treatment with ephrin-A2. Ephrin-induced growth cone collapse, however, correlated with resumption of Rac1 activity. We demonstrate that Rac1 is required for endocytosis of the growth cone plasma membrane and reorganization of F-actin but not for the depolymerization of F-actin during growth cone collapse in response to ephrin-A2 and semaphorin 3A. Rac1, however, does not regulate constitutive endocytosis in growth cones. These findings show that in response to negative guidance molecules, the function of Rac1 changes from promoting actin polymerization associated with axon growth to driving endocytosis of the plasma membrane, resulting in growth cone collapse. Furthermore, Rac1 antisense injected into the embryonic chick eye in vivo caused the retinotectal projection to develop without normal topography in a manner consistent with Rac1 having an obligatory role in mediating ephrin signaling.
ephrin
semaphorin
actin
Growth cones at the leading end of growing axons navigate a complex extracellular environment to reach their targets. En route, they encounter both “positive” and “negative” guidance molecules. Positive cues promote axon extension, whereas negative cues cause growth cones to turn away, slow, or stop growing. In tissue culture, growth cones typically collapse in response to negative guidance molecules. Families of molecules that cause growth cone collapse have been identified, including semaphorins and ephrins. Semaphorin 3A collapses growth cones of sensory and sympathetic axons (Luo et al., 1993), and knock-out of semaphorin 3A results in guidance defects in peripheral nerves (Behar et al., 1996;Taniguchi et al., 1997). Ephrin-A2 is expressed in a gradient in the developing optic tectum, a major brain target of retinal axons (Cheng et al., 1995; Drescher et al., 1995). In vitro, ephrin-A2 collapses the growth cones of axons from the temporal side of the retina (Monschau et al., 1997). As demonstrated by studies of transgenic mice, ephrin-A2 contributes to specifying the site at which retinal axons terminate in the tectum (Frisen et al., 1998; Feldheim et al., 2000). The signal transduction mechanisms mediating the response of growth cones to these molecules are incompletely characterized. A general feature of the response of growth cones to negative guidance cues is the depolymerization of actin filaments (F-actin; Fan and Raper, 1995; Kuhn et al., 1999; Ernst et al., 2000; Fournier et al., 2000). Pharmacological agents that cause F-actin depolymerization cause growth cone collapse (Letourneau et al., 1987). For this reason, studies of the mechanisms of growth cone collapse have focused on molecules that regulate actin dynamics and organization.
Rac1 is a small GTPase of the Rho family that has been implicated in regulation of actin polymerization and organization. A major role of Rac1 is to promote actin polymerization and to drive lamellipodial extension of growth cones (Hall, 1998; Kuhn et al., 1999). Rac1 is required for axonogenesis (Ruchhoeft et al., 1999) and has a role in axon pathfinding in vivo (Steven et al., 1998; Allen et al., 2000; Newsome et al., 2000). Expression of a dominant negative Rac1 or inhibition of Rac1 signaling blocks growth cone collapse in response to semaphorin 3A, demonstrating that Rac1 activity can be required for growth cone collapse (Jin and Strittmatter, 1997; Kuhn et al., 1999;Vastrik et al., 1999). This observation is paradoxical, considering that Rac1 promotes actin polymerization in growth cones, and actin depolymerization is associated with growth cone collapse. Thus, the role of Rac1 during growth cone collapse is not clear.
Here we report that Rac1 activity is required for growth cones to respond to ephrin-A2. Although Rac1 activity decreased immediately after ephrin-A2 exposure, a decrease in F-actin levels and onset of growth cone collapse coincided with the subsequent return of Rac1 activity to control levels. Interfering with Rac1 signaling blocked the ability of ephrin-A2 to collapse retinal or sensory growth cones, but it did not affect F-actin depolymerization. Both ephrin-A2 and semaphorin 3A increased endocytosis in growth cones, and inhibition of Rac1 signaling blocked ligand-induced but not constitutive endocytosis. Finally, reduction of Rac1 expression in the developing retina in vivo resulted in an abnormal retinotectal projection.
Reagents. Ephrin-A2/Fc was from R & D Systems (Minneapolis, MN). A Rac1 activation assay kit, including a polyclonal antibody to Rac1, was from Upstate Biotechnology (Lake Placid, NY). Rac1 inhibitory peptide was from American Peptide Co., Inc. (Sunnyvale, CA). Oligonucleotides were from Oligos Etc. (Bethel, ME). Protein assays were performed using the BCA protein assay kit from Pierce (Rockford, IL). V12Rac1- and LacZ-expressing adenoviruses were generously provided by Dr. Thomas B. Kuhn (University of Alaska, Fairbanks, AK). Semaphorin 3A-expressing 293 cells were generously provided by Sheldon Ng (Exelixis Inc., South San Francisco, CA). Latrunculin A was from Molecular Probes (Eugene, OR). All media and other reagents were from Sigma (St. Louis, MO) unless otherwise noted.
Cell culture. Fertilized White Leghorn chicken eggs were obtained from the University of Minnesota Poultry Center. All neurons were grown on plastic or glass incubated overnight with 25 μg/ml laminin. Neurons were cultured in F12 defined medium containing additives as described previously (Ernst et al., 2000). Retina from embryos on the seventh day of development [embryonic day 7 (E7)] or E9 dorsal root ganglia (DRG) were dissected. Retinas were cut into thirds, and explants (∼500 × 500 μm) were cut from the temporal third only. After appropriate treatment, the number of collapsed growth cones was counted and expressed as a percentage of the total number of growth cones. A collapsed growth cone was defined by the absence of lamellipodia and having less than three filopodia. For determination of DRG neuron responsiveness to ephrin-A2, DRG explants were cultured overnight in F12 defined medium containing 20 ng/ml neurotrophin [brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), neurotrophin-3, or nerve growth factor (NGF)]. For viral infection studies, dissociated DRG neurons were plated in 1 ml of F12 defined medium containing 10 ng/ml BDNF. Neurons were allowed to attach for 4 hr at 40°C and then were infected with virus at a multiplicity of infection of 300.
Rac1 activation assay. Tissue was prepared in one of two ways. Temporal retinal thirds were dissected, pooled, incubated in 0.2% trypsin for 10 min at 37°C, and dissociated by mechanical trituration. The dissociated cells were divided into equal portions, equivalent to three temporal retinal thirds per treatment. The retinal cells were either cultured overnight or used immediately. The dissociated retinal cells were exposed to 1.0 μg/ml ephrin-A2 for various times, and detection of GTP-bound Rac1 was performed as outlined in the Rac1 activation assay kit, with modifications suggested by Dr. Gary Bokoch (Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA).
Reduction of Rac1 expression. The Rac1 antisense oligonucleotide was used previously in rat (Dorseuil et al., 1992) and with a single nucleotide change (indicated below in bold), was complementary to chicken Rac1 mRNA. The oligonucleotide spans the ATG initiation codon and was constructed using phosphorothioate chemistry (5′-ACTTgATCgCCTgCAT-3′). The missense (control) oligonucleotide had five base substitutions (underlined below) from the antisense sequence (5′- TCT AgA ACg gCT CCA A-3′). The efficacy of the antisense treatment was tested by culturing dissociated retinal cells for 24 hr in the presence of antisense or missense oligonucleotide, lysing the cells, and performing an immunoblot analysis. Retinal explant cultures were cultured overnight in the presence of 5–10 μm missense or antisense oligonucleotide, treated for 15 min with 0.5 μg/ml ephrin-A2, fixed in 0.25% glutaraldehyde, and analyzed for growth cone collapse. Oligonucleotide treatments in vivo were performed on chick embryos removed from the shell on E2 and cultured as described previously (Wu et al., 2001). A 1 μl injection of antisense or missense oligonucleotide was made into the vitreous chamber of the left eye on E6 and again on E8. The final concentration inside the eye was ∼5 μm. On E10, a 0.25 μl injection of 10% DiI (Molecular Probes) in N,N-dimethyl-formamide was made into the posterior region of the right optic tectum. On E11, embryos were perfused in 4% paraformaldehyde, and the retinas were dissected from the treated eyes. The retinas were flat-mounted on a microscope slide, and the position of retrogradely labeled ganglion cells was recorded using a fluorescent microscope equipped with stage position encoders. The brain was dissected to confirm the site of the microsphere injection in the middle of the posterior third of the optic tectum.
Histochemistry. F-actin was stained and quantified in growth cones as described previously (Ernst et al., 2000). Briefly, cultures were fixed with 0.25% glutaraldehyde for 15 min, then treated with 1 mg/ml sodium borohydrate for 15 min, followed by blocking with 1.0% fish gelatin, and then stained for 1 hr with rhodamine-labeled phalloidin (Molecular Probes). Microscopic images of F-actin were acquired and analyzed using Metamorph software (Universal Imaging Corp., West Chester, PA). Retinal axon growth into the brain was visualized by immunohistochemistry using the RA4 monoclonal antibody (McLoon and Barnes, 1989).
Analysis of endocytosis To visualize endocytotic activity in growth cones, retinal or DRG explants were exposed to a 2.5 mg/ml concentration of Mr 10,000 lysine-fixable rhodamine-labeled dextran (Molecular Probes). Twenty-four hours after the cultures were established, half of the culture medium was replaced with an equal amount of dextran-containing medium with or without 1 μg/ml ephrin-A2- or semaphorin 3A-conditioned medium. After a 3–30 min incubation, cultures were washed three times with PBS and then fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde in PBS with 20% sucrose added to minimize osmotic shock during fixation. Cultures were counterstained for 1 min with 5 μg/ml DiOC6(3) (Molecular Probes) to reveal the morphology of growth cones and axons. DRG cultures were raised in 20 ng/ml BDNF for ephrin-A2 experiments and in 20 ng/ml NGF for semaphorin 3A experiments. Digital images of growth cones were captured with a Photometrics camera on a fluorescence microscope and were deconvolved using Microtome (VayTek) as a subroutine within the Image-Pro Plus program (Media Cybernetics). The endocytotic vesicles in the distal 20 μm of axons were counted in the deconvolved optical sections.
Immunoblotting. For each gel, equal amounts of protein were loaded in each lane. Proteins were separated by SDS-PAGE and transferred to nitrocellulose. The blots were blocked with 3% milk, probed with 1 μg/ml Rac1 antibody followed by alkaline phosphatase-conjugated secondary antibody (Sigma), and then incubated with nitroblue tetrazolium/5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl phosphate substrate (Promega, Madison, WI). The blots were digitized and the bands were quantified using Eastman Kodak (Rochester, NY) gel analysis software.
Protein loading into growth cones. To load proteins into growth cones, we used the Chariot reagent (Active Motif Inc., Carlsbad, CA), a peptide-based method that allows the internalization of exogenously applied proteins into cells. The manufacturer's suggested protocol for a 1 ml culture was followed. Briefly, Chariot was complexed to 1 μg of N17Rac1 (Cytoskeleton Inc., Denver, CO) or bovine serum albumin (fraction V; ICN Biochemicals Inc., Aurora, OH) for 30 min at room temperature. The complex was then added to cultures for 3 hr before using the cultures in experiments.
The initial aim was to determine whether there is a correlation between the level of activated Rac1 and ephrin-induced collapse of retinal growth cones. Growth cones of axons extending from explants of the temporal side of the retina were monitored by video microscopy before and after ephrin-A2 was added to the culture medium (Fig.1A,C). The first significant increase in the number of collapsed growth cones was seen 6 min after addition of ephrin. The peak number of collapsed growth cones was seen at 12 min after ephrin addition. The response of growth cones was compared with the level of activated Rac1. Activated, GTP-bound Rac1 was precipitated from lysed retinal cells using the p21-binding domain of p21-activated kinase in a glutathioneS-transferase fusion protein and was visualized by SDS-PAGE (Bernard et al., 1999). Ephrin treatment resulted in a transient reduction in the level of activated Rac1 (Fig. 1B,C). Three minutes after ephrin-A2 treatment, Rac1 activity was reduced 60% compared with untreated controls. By 6 min after treatment, the level of activated Rac1 started to increase, and by 12 min, it was indistinguishable from the baseline level. Thus, the level of activated Rac1 initially falls in retinal cells in response to ephrin, and the collapse of retinal growth cones correlates temporally with the subsequent reactivation of Rac1.
Ephrin-A2 collapses growth cones of axons from the temporal side of the retina and alters Rac1 activity. A, Time-lapse sequence of a growth cone before (−1 min) and after treatment with 1.0 μg/ml ephrin-A2 (+1 to +12 min). Note that growth cone collapse, as evidenced by loss of lamellipodia and filopodia, was evident at 6 min after addition of ephrin-A2 and that the axon had retracted significantly by 12 min after treatment. B, Immunoblot showing levels of activated Rac1 in retina at various times after ephrin treatment. Dissociated cells from temporal retina were treated with 1.0 μg/ml ephrin-A2 for 1–12 min. GTP-bound Rac1 was affinity purified from lysed cells using the Rac1-binding domain of p21-activated kinase 1.NT, No treatment. C, Quantification of Rac1 activity levels as a function of time after treatment with ephrin-A2. Rac1 activity is expressed as percentage of the activity of untreated cells. At 3 min after ephrin-A2 treatment, Rac1 activity was reduced but returned to baseline levels by 6–12 min. The time course of retinal growth cone collapse is shown relative to changes in Rac1 activity levels. D, Quantification of growth cone F-actin content as a function of time after treatment with ephrin-A2. F-actin levels are normalized to data from untreated growth cones. Growth cone F-actin content was significantly reduced after 12 min of treatment with ephrin. The time course of Rac1 inactivation is reproduced from that in C to allow a direct comparison of the two variables. Significant difference from control: *p < 0.01; **p < 0.001.
We next asked whether experimentally induced inactivation of Rac1 would lead to growth cone collapse. A 32-amino acid peptide that consists of the internalization sequence from Antennepedia homeodomain protein combined with amino acids 17–32 of Rac1 has been shown to competitively inhibit the binding of Rac1 to downstream effectors (Vastrik et al., 1999). Retinal cultures were treated with the Rac1 inhibitory peptide for 1 hr, and the growth cones were monitored by video microscopy. Concentrations of Rac1 inhibitory peptide up to 4 μg/ml allowed lamellipodial and filopodial activity comparable with controls (Fig. 2A,C). Treatment of cultures with concentrations of peptide from 8 to 10 μg/ml, however, inhibited lamellipodial and filopodial activity in the majority of growth cones, and concentrations of >10 μg/ml blocked all filopodial and lamellipodial activity within 30 min of treatment (data not shown). Consistent with the proposed role of Rac1 in regulating formation of lamellipodia (Hall, 1998), at the higher peptide concentrations, growth cones were immotile with a mostly diminished lamellipodial area but with an increase in the number of filopodia. Growth cone collapse was not observed in response to peptide treatment at any of the concentrations tested. These data suggest that the reduction of Rac1 activity after ephrin-A2 treatment is not directly responsible for the subsequent collapse of retinal growth cones.
Rac1 is required for ephrin-A2-induced growth cone collapse. A, Time-lapse sequence of a retinal growth cone treated first with 2.0 μg/ml Rac1 inhibitory peptide (0 min–60 min; rac inhib pep) and then with 1.0 μg/ml ephrin-A2 for 15 min. B, Pseudocolor images of retinal growth cones stained with rhodamine-phalloidin to reveal F-actin. All images were acquired using identical acquisition parameters. Warmer colors indicate higher levels of actin. Treatment with the Rac1 inhibitory peptide (1 hr, 2.0 μg/ml) did not alter F-actin levels or organization in growth cones. Treatment with ephrin-A2 (12 min, 1.0 μg/ml) caused F-actin to depolymerize and aggregate in the distal axon, a structure that we refer to as the collapse bulb. Treatment with Rac1 inhibitory peptide first, followed by addition of ephrin-A2, resulted in levels of F-actin in the growth cone that were similar to those seen in the growth cones treated with ephrin-A2 alone. However, F-actin did not reorganize into a collapse bulb. C, Quantification of Rac1 inhibitory peptide treatments and growth cone response to ephrin-A2. The Rac1 inhibitory peptide blocked ephrin-induced growth cone collapse in a dose-dependent manner. Growth cones were treated with the peptide for 1 hr before ephrin-A2 treatment. Significant difference from culture without inhibitory peptide treated with ephrin: *p < 0.001.
Growth cone collapse is believed to depend on changes in the dynamics and organization of the actin cytoskeleton (Korey and van Vactor, 2000). The actin cytoskeleton in growth cones of retinal axons was examined after ephrin-A2 treatment. Retinal cultures, treated with ephrin-A2 for 1–12 min or untreated, were fixed and stained with rhodamine-phalloidin to label F-actin. The growth cones were visualized by fluorescence microscopy, and the fluorescence intensity was quantified. The F-actin content of growth cones was not different from that of controls during the first 6 min of ephrin treatment. Before treatment with ephrin, F-actin was concentrated in filopodia and lamellipodia, with moderate levels in the central domain of the growth cone (Fig. 2B). From 6 to 12 min after addition of ephrin, F-actin levels decreased 40% (Fig. 1D). As the growth cones collapsed in response to ephrin, the F-actin reorganized. It became concentrated in the central domain and then in the swelling at the distal tip of the fully collapsed growth cone, an F-actin organization that we refer to as the “collapse bulb” (Fig.2B, bottom left panel). Thus, ephrin-induced depolymerization and reorganization of F-actin in growth cones correlate with the resumption of Rac1 activity rather than with the initial transient reduction in the level of activated Rac1.
We next asked whether Rac1 activity is required for collapse of retinal growth cones in response to ephrin. Retinal cultures were treated with the Rac1 inhibitory peptide (0.5–2.0 μg/ml) for 1 hr before exposure to ephrin-A2. The Rac1 inhibitory peptide inhibited ephrin-induced growth cone collapse in a dose-dependent manner (Fig.2A,C). Although growth cones pretreated with the Rac1 inhibitory peptide did not collapse in response to ephrin-A2, growth cones became immotile but retained lamellipodia and filopodia. Note the lack of shape change between 6 and 15 min after ephrin-A2 treatment in Figure 2A. In control experiments, cultures were treated first with 2.0 μg/ml inhibitory peptide and then with cytochalasin D, a drug that stops actin filament assembly and causes growth cone collapse. The inhibitory peptide did not block cytochalasin D-induced growth cone collapse, indicating specificity in its effect on ephrin-A2-mediated growth cone collapse (data not shown). The effect of the Rac1 inhibitory peptide and ephrin treatments on growth cone F-actin was also examined. Retinal explants were treated with vehicle or inhibitory peptide for 1 hr, followed by a 15 min exposure to vehicle or ephrin-A2. Treatment with concentrations of the Rac1 inhibitory peptide that completely blocked ephrin-induced growth cone collapse (2 μg/ml) had no effect on growth cone F-actin levels or organization (Fig. 2B) (p > 0.5). Treatment with a high concentration of inhibitory peptide (8 μg/ml), which blocks growth cone motility, caused a 25 ± 3% decrease in F-actin (p < 0.003 compared with vehicle). A 12 min treatment with ephrin-A2 caused a 64 ± 10% decrease in growth cone F-actin levels compared with vehicle alone (p < 0.00001). Surprisingly, there was a similar reduction in F-actin levels in growth cones treated with both the Rac1 inhibitory peptide and ephrin-A2 (57 ± 8%;p > 0.3). Thus, Rac1 inhibition did not prevent the loss of F-actin in response to ephrin-A2, although growth cone collapse was blocked. Inhibition of Rac1 activity, however, prevented ephrin-A2-induced reorganization of F-actin into a collapse bulb. In the presence of the Rac1 inhibitory peptide after ephrin-A2 treatment, F-actin remained evenly distributed throughout the growth cone (Fig.2B). These data indicate that Rac1 is required for ephrin-A2-induced growth cone collapse in a manner that is independent of reduction in F-actin levels.
Reduction in Rac1 expression was used as an alternative to the Rac1 inhibitory peptide as an additional test of the role of Rac1 in ephrin-induced growth cone collapse. A Rac1-specific antisense oligonucleotide, previously used in rat (Dorseuil et al., 1992), was modified for use in chick. The efficacy of the Rac1 antisense for reducing Rac1 expression in developing chick retina was tested. Dissociated temporal retinal cells were cultured overnight in the presence of Rac1 antisense or control missense oligonucleotides. On the basis of densitometry analysis of immunoblots, Rac1 expression was reduced 56% after treatment with 40 μm Rac1 antisense (Fig. 3A), an effect similar to that seen previously (Dorseuil et al., 1992). Neurite outgrowth from Rac1 antisense-treated explants appeared normal, with no alteration in growth cone appearance or in the percentage of collapsed growth cones (Fig. 3B). There were, however, slight reductions in the average axon length and in the number of axons per explant compared with missense-treated explants or untreated controls (data not shown). Reduction of Rac1 expression significantly decreased the percentage of growth cones that collapsed in response to ephrin-A2 (Fig.3B). There was no significant difference in the percentage of growth cones that collapsed between control cultures and cultures treated with Rac1 antisense and ephrin-A2 (p > 0.05). Thus, reducing expression of Rac1 decreased the ability of retinal axons to respond to ephrin-A2 in vitro. This confirms the results obtained with the Rac1 inhibitory peptide.
Reduction of Rac1 protein level using an antisense oligonucleotide inhibits ephrin-A2-induced growth cone collapse.A, Immunoblot showing levels of Rac1 after oligonucleotide treatment. Rac1 antisense treatment reduced the expression of Rac1 protein. Dissociated cells from the temporal side of the retina were cultured in the presence of 40 μmmissense control or 10–40 μm Rac1 antisense oligonucleotides for 24 hr. B, Quantification of growth cone collapse in oligonucleotide-treated cultures. Reduction of Rac1 expression inhibits the ability of ephrin-A2 to induce growth cone collapse. Temporal retinal explants were cultured for 24 hr in the presence of missense or Rac1 antisense oligonucleotides and then treated with 1.0 μg/ml ephrin-A2 for 15 min.
The next aim was to determine the effect of increased Rac1 activity on the response of growth cones to ephrin-A2. We attempted to infect retinal ganglion cells with an adenovirus construct expressing constitutively active Rac1. Consistent with a previous report (Yamagata et al., 1994), chick retinal ganglion cells were not reliably infected by adenovirus; therefore, DRG neurons were used. It was first necessary to compare DRG growth cones with retinal growth cones with regard to their response to ephrin-A2 and the role of Rac1. Neurotrophins are required for DRG survival and maturation. DRG explants, cultured in one of three neurotrophins, were exposed for 15 min to ephrin-A2 (Fig.4A). Ephrin-A2 collapsed the growth cones of DRG neurons raised in NGF, neurotrophin-3, and BDNF. Because BDNF-responsive DRG neurons were most responsive to ephrin-A2, subsequent experiments were performed on DRG neurons raised in BDNF. DRG explant cultures were treated for 1 hr with vehicle or Rac1 inhibitory peptide (2.0 μg/ml) and then exposed to vehicle or ephrin-A2 for 15 min. The Rac1 inhibitory peptide blocked ephrin-induced growth cone collapse (Fig. 4B). Thus, as with retinal cultures, Rac1 activity is required for DRG growth cones to collapse in response to ephrin-A2.
Inhibition of Rac1 signaling but not expression of constitutively active Rac1 blocks DRG growth cone collapse in response to ephrin-A2. A, Quantification of DRG growth cone response to ephrin-A2. Ephrin-A2 induced growth cone collapse in all culture conditions. E9 lumbrosacral DRG were cultured overnight in NGF, neurotrophin-3 (NT3), or BDNF and then treated with 2.0 μg/ml ephrin-A2 for 15 min. B, Role of Rac1 signaling in ephrin-A2 induced collapse. Inhibition of Rac1 signaling blocked ephrin-induced growth cone collapse. DRG explants were raised in BDNF and then treated with Rac1 inhibitory peptide (rac inhib pep; 1 hr, 2.0 μg/ml) before exposure to ephrin-A2 (15 min, 2.0 μg/ml). C, Role of constitutively active Rac1 in growth cone collapse. Viral infection did not change the percentage of spontaneously collapsed growth cones (p > 0.05). After ephrin-A2 treatment (15 min, 2.0 μg/ml), growth cones collapsed to a similar extent regardless of viral infection. DRG neurons were dissociated and infected with adenovirus engineered to express either constitutively active Rac1 (V12) or lacZ as a control and then cultured for 3 d. Additional control cultures were not infected with viruses (NT). More growth cones were spontaneously collapsed in all groups after 3 d in vitro versus 1 d in vitro. Significant difference form control: *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01.
To determine the effect of increased levels of Rac1 activity on the response of growth cones to ephrin-A2, dissociated DRG neurons were infected with an adenovirus that carries a gene for a constitutively active form of Rac1A (V12Rac1A; Kuhn et al., 1999). The percentage of spontaneously collapsed growth cones was not affected by expression of V12Rac1 relative to neurons infected with a control adenovirus expressing lacZ (Fig. 4C). Under control conditions, DRG growth cones were filopodial. Expression of V12Rac1 increased the percentage of growth cones exhibiting lamellipodia by 26% (p < 0.02; two-tailed t test;n = 6 cultures in each group). In agreement with previous findings (Kuhn et al., 1999), expression of V12Rac1 increased the mean F-actin content of growth cones by 23% relative to control infected neurons (p < 0.01; two-tailedt test; n>30 growth cones in each group). Expression of constitutively active Rac1A, however, did not inhibit the collapse of DRG growth cones in response to ephrin-A2 (Fig.4C). This indicates that although Rac1 activity is required for ephrin-induced growth cone collapse, a nonspecific increase in Rac1 activity is not sufficient to alter growth cone response to ephrin.
It was shown previously that growth cone collapse in response to semaphorin 3A and ephrin-A5 correlates with increased rates of membrane internalization via endocytosis (Fournier et al., 2000). Therefore, we asked whether Rac1 mediates endocytosis in response to ephrin-A2. The time course of endocytosis in growth cones exposed to ephrin-A2 was examined. The uptake of extracellularly applied rhodamine-labeled dextran was used to monitor endocytosis. Retinal growth cones were simultaneously treated with ephrin-A2 and dextran and then fixed at 3, 6, and 12 min after treatment. Rhodamine-labeled vesicles were counted in the distal 20 μm of axons. Increased endocytosis in retinal growth cones after ephrin-A2 treatment correlated with the resumption of Rac1 activity (Fig. 5A). Ephrin-A2 treatment also increased the number of dextran-labeled vesicles in DRG growth cones (Fig. 5D). A 1 hr pretreatment with the Rac1 inhibitory peptide blocked the ephrin-A2-induced increase in endocytosis in retinal and DRG growth cones (Fig. 5B–D). To rule out the possibility that inhibition of Rac1 was blocking endocytosis in general, the effect of the Rac1 inhibitory peptide on constitutive endocytosis was examined. Treatment with the peptide at a concentration that fully blocked ephrin-A2-induced endocytosis had no effect on constitutive endocytosis in retinal or DRG growth cones (Fig.5C,D). These data suggest that Rac1 is required for ephrin-A2-induced endocytosis in growth cones but is not required for constitutive endocytosis.
Ephrin-A2 and semaphorin 3A induce endocytosis of the growth cone plasma membrane in a Rac1-dependent manner. A, Endocytosis of labeled dextran after ephrin-A2 treatment. Endocytotic activity was elevated at 12 min after treatment with ephrin-A2. The time course of changes in Rac1 activity is reproduced from Figure 1C to allow a direct comparison. Retinal growth cones were treated with ephrin-A2 plus 2.5 mg/ml rhodamine-labeled dextran for 3–12 min. The number of dextran-containing vesicles in the distal 20 μm of axons was then counted (3 experiments with >80 growth cones sampled at each time point). The increase in dextran labeling is expressed relative to the number of dextran-labeled vesicles in time-matched controls treated with dextran alone. B, Role of Rac1 in ephrin-A2 induced endocytosis. A 12 min treatment with 1.0 μg/ml ephrin-A2 resulted in a large increase in the number of endocytotic vesicles in the distal tip of axons compared with those in cultures treated with vehicle alone. Inhibition of Rac1 signaling prevented the increase in endocytotic vesicles in response to ephrin-A2. Staining the membrane with DiO showed retinal growth cone morphology, and endocytosis was revealed by accumulation of rhodamine-labeled dextran. All images were obtained using identical acquisition parameters. The DiO images were embossed to better reveal growth cone morphology. C, Quantification of endocytosis in retinal growth cones. Ephrin-A2 significantly increased endocytosis in the distal 20 μm of retinal axons, and the Rac1 inhibitory peptide (rac inhib pep) blocked the effects of ephrin-A2 on endocytosis. Treatment with the Rac1 inhibitory peptide alone did not alter the number of dextran-labeled vesicles (p > 0.5).D, Quantification of endocytosis in DRG growth cones. As with retinal ganglion cells, ephrin-A2 increased the number of dextran-labeled vesicles, and the Rac1 inhibitory peptide blocked the effect of ephrin-A2. Similarly, a 30 min exposure to semaphorin 3A (sema 3A) increased the number of dextran-labeled vesicles in a Rac1-dependent manner. Treatment with the Rac1 peptide did not affect basal endocytosis (p > 0.5). Differences in absolute number of dextran-labeled vesicles between retinal and DRG growth cones likely reflect a difference in growth cone size, DRG growth cones being significantly smaller. Significant difference from control: *p < 0.001; **p < 0.0001.
The role of F-actin during ephrin-A2-induced endocytosis was investigated. Growth cone collapse induced by the F-actin-depolymerizing drugs cytochalasin D and latrunculin-A did not exhibit increased rates of endocytosis (Table1), as shown previously (Fournier et al., 2000). Thus, increased endocytotic activity is not simply a response to F-actin depolymerization during growth cone collapse. Although F-actin depolymerization does not induce endocytosis, it is possible that F-actin is required for ephrin-A2-induced endocytosis. Neither cytochalasin D nor latrunculin-A, however, inhibited ephrin-A2-induced endocytosis in retinal ganglion cell growth cones. Retinal cultures were pretreated with actin-depolymerizing drugs for 5 min before treatment with ephrin-A2. Although growth cones were collapsed by treatment with cytochalasin D or latrunculin-A, ephrin-A2 stimulated endocytosis to an extent similar to that seen in control growth cones (Table 1). This demonstrates that ephrin-A2 can induce endocytosis independent of changes in growth cone morphology, and that F-actin is not required for ephrin-A2-induced endocytosis.
Role of F-actin in ephrin-A2 induced endocytosis
We confirmed the results obtained using the Rac1 inhibitory peptide by loading a dominant negative form of Rac1 (N17Rac1) into the growth cones of axons growing from explants of temporal retina in vitro. Control growth cones were loaded with bovine serum albumin. N17Rac1 or albumin was loaded into growth cones using the Chariot peptide. After a 12 min treatment with 1 μg/ml ephrin-A2, 62% of growth cones were collapsed in control cultures, compared with only 25% on N17Rac1-loaded cultures. After ephrin-A2 treatment, F-actin levels in growth cones decreased by 52% (p < 0.0001) and 48% (p < 0.0001) in control and N17Rac1-loaded growth cones, respectively. In control cultures, ephrin-A2 induced a 240% increase in the number of endocytotic vesicles present in growth cones (p < 0.00001), compared with an 18% increase in N17Rac1-loaded growth cones (p > 0.1). N17Rac1 did not affect constitutive endocytosis (data not shown). Therefore, inhibition of Rac1 signaling using either N17Rac1 or the Rac1 inhibitory peptide had similar effects on ephrin-A2 signaling in growth cones.
Rac1 activity also is required for semaphorin 3A-induced growth cone collapse (Jin and Strittmatter, 1997; Kuhn et al., 1999; Vastrik et al., 1999). The effect of Rac1 inhibition on endocytosis during growth cone collapse in response to semaphorin 3A was examined. DRG explants were treated with medium conditioned by 293 cells engineered to express semaphorin 3A. As shown previously (Vastrik et al., 1999), treatment with the Rac1 inhibitory peptide blocked semaphorin 3A-induced growth cone collapse (data not shown). The Rac1 inhibitory peptide also inhibited semaphorin 3A-induced endocytosis (Fig. 5D). Therefore, Rac1 mediates ligand-induced endocytosis of the growth cone plasma membrane during collapse induced by both ephrin-A2 and semaphorin 3A.
Finally, we asked whether Rac1 plays a role in development of the topography of the retinotectal projection in vivo. Development of normal topography is thought to depend on the response of growing retinal axons to ephrins expressed by tectal cells (Flanagan and Vanderhaeghen, 1998; O'Leary et al., 1999; Wilkinson, 2000). We found previously that injection into the developing eye of an antisense oligonucleotide targeting EphA3, a receptor for ephrin-A2, altered the topography of the retinotectal projection (W. M. Jurney, D. J. Selski, and S. C. McLoon, unpublished results). In the present study, we tested whether treatment of the developing retina with an antisense oligonucleotide to Rac1 would mimic the effects of reduced EphA3 expression. A Rac1 antisense or a missense oligonucleotide was injected into one eye of chick embryos at E6, an age by which retinal axons had reached the tectum. A second oligonucleotide injection was made into the same eye on E8. On E10, a small injection of a retrograde axon tracer, DiI, was made into the posterior tectum contralateral to the oligonucleotide-injected eye. Twenty-four hours later, the oligonucleotide-treated retinas were prepared as flat mounts. Also, the injection site in the tectum was mapped, and the brains were sectioned and processed for immunohistochemistry with an antibody that labels retinal axons, RA4. Qualitatively, the appearance of RA4 staining in the tectum was not altered by treatment with Rac1 antisense oligonucleotides (Fig.6A), indicating that extension of retinal axons across the tectum was not affected by the antisense treatment. Treatment with the missense (control) oligonucleotide resulted in a normal pattern of retrogradely labeled cells in the injected retinas, indicating that their axons were correctly targeted in the tectum (six of six embryos) (Fig.6B). Thousands of labeled ganglions were concentrated in a discrete area on the nasal side of the retina. Also, a few isolated labeled cells were scattered across the retina, which is normal at this early stage of development (Wu et al., 2001). In contrast, in most retinas injected with the Rac1 antisense oligonucleotide, no organized topography could be distinguished (7 of 11 embryos) (Fig. 6C). DiI-labeled cells were broadly distributed across these retinas. There were typically several concentrations of labeled cells, but most of these were not in the topographically appropriate region. In other antisense-treated embryos, there was a concentration of retrogradely labeled cells in the topographically appropriate region, but there was also a higher number of labeled cells scattered across the retina than ever encountered in control embryos, which may represent a partial effect (2 of 11 embryos). Some antisense-treated embryos appeared to have a normal topography, which could have been attributable to technical problems with the injections (2 of 11 embryos). The effects of the Rac1 antisense treatment are similar to the effects observed after treatment with the EphA3 antisense oligonucleotide. These findings are consistent with the suggestion that Rac1 is a required downstream effector of Eph–ephrin signaling in vivo and is required for development of normal retinotectal topography.
Rac1 activity is required for normal development of retinotectal topography in vivo. Rac1 antisense or missense oligonucleotide was injected into one eye of chick embryos on E6 and E8. On E10, a retrogradely transported axon tracer, DiI, was injected into the posterior portion of the optic tectum contralateral to the oligonucleotide-treated eye. Embryos were fixed on E11. A, Coronal section from the brain of a Rac1 antisense-treated embryo stained with an antibody that labels retinal axons. The asterisk denotes the optic tectum contralateral to the Rac1 antisense-injected eye. Arrowspoint to stained retinal axons in the optic fiber layer. Rac1 antisense treatment did not inhibit retinal axon growth across the tectum.B, C, Tracings of the outlines of flat mounted-retinas injected with missense (B) or Rac1 antisense (C) oligonucleotide. Dotsrepresent retrogradely labeled cells. In the retina injected with the Rac1 antisense oligonucleotide, no organized topography could be distinguished.
The major aim of this study was to understand the cytoplasmic signaling that links negative guidance molecules such as ephrin-A2 and semaphorin 3A to collapse of the growth cone at the leading end of growing axons. The small GTPase Rac1 is essential for growth cone collapse in response to ephrin-A2 and semaphorin 3A. Interfering with Rac1 signaling with a competitive peptide, a dominant negative Rac1 or antisense oligonucleotides blocked collapse of growth cones in response to ephrin-A2. This is consistent with previous studies that blocked semaphorin 3A-induced growth cone collapse using dominant negative Rac1 mutants (Jin and Strittmatter, 1997; Kuhn et al., 1999). Dominant negative Rac1 mutants, however, did not block collapse induced by either lysophosphatidic acid or myelin. Apparently, there are at least two mechanisms of externally induced growth cone collapse, only one of which appears to require Rac1 activity.
Rac1 activity transiently decreases in response to ephrin-A2, but this decrease does not appear to be essential for growth cone collapse. Three minutes after ephrin-A2 exposure, Rac1 activity was reduced to 40% of the control level. This reduction was transient, because Rac1 activity returned to control levels by 12 min after ephrin-A2 treatment. Interestingly, growth cone collapse occurred during the period when Rac1 activity was increasing to baseline levels. These observations demonstrate that growth cone collapse is not mediated by activation of Rac1 above control levels. A reduction of Rac1 activity in neurons in response to ephrin-A5 was reported previously (Wahl et al., 2000). In that study, however, Rac1 activity was examined at a single time point after treatment with ephrin-A5, and the subsequent recovery in Rac1 activity was not observed or correlated temporally with growth cone collapse. Although growth cone collapse is preceded by a reduction in Rac1 activation, experimental reduction of Rac1 activity by interfering with its signaling pathway or with its expression did not cause growth cone collapse. Similarly, expression of dominant negative Rac1 did not cause growth cone collapse (Jin and Strittmatter, 1997; Kuhn et al., 1999). Thus, the inactivation of Rac1 activity does not appear to be sufficient for growth cone collapse. The nature of the transient inactivation of Rac1 after ephrin treatment is not clear. The inactivation could reflect a rapid loss of Rac1 associated with axon extension. The subsequent reactivation could reflect a slower increase in Rac1 activation associated with processes underlying growth cone collapse. These observations suggest that ephrins do not stimulate Rac1 activity per se but rather switch the function of Rac1 into a pathway that promotes growth cone collapse.
Although Rac1 activity is required for ephrin-A2-induced growth cone collapse, increased Rac1 activity is not in itself sufficient to induce growth cone collapse. Expression of constitutively active Rac1 did not affect either basal rates of growth cone collapse or collapse in response to ephrin-A2. Although constitutively active Rac1 also had no effect on semaphorin 3A-induced growth cone collapse, it did block the ability of myelin to induce growth cone collapse (Jin and Strittmatter, 1997; Kuhn et al., 1999). Rac1 probably requires other factors activated by ephrin or semaphorin 3A to bring about collapse. It is also possible that ephrin-induced targeting of activated Rac1 is important in collapse, and constitutively active Rac1 is not targeted appropriately.
Growth cone collapse in response to ephrin involves F-actin depolymerization. Although inhibition of Rac1 signaling blocked ephrin-A2-induced collapse, it did not block F-actin depolymerization. These data have two implications: first, Rac1 does not regulate actin depolymerization after ephrin treatment; and second, ephrin-induced actin depolymerization is not sufficient to induce growth cone collapse. Semaphorin 3A also causes growth cone F-actin depolymerization and has been shown to phosphorylate the actin-depolymerizing factor cofilin through the action of LIM-kinase (Yang et al., 1998; Aizawa et al., 2001), which is activated by both Rac1 and RhoA effectors (Edwards et al., 1999;Maekawa et al., 1999). Because ephrin-A5 is known to activate RhoA and Rho-kinase (Wahl et al., 2000), it is possible that ephrins depolymerize actin during growth cone collapse via a pathway that includes RhoA, Rho-kinase, LIM-kinase, and cofilin, independent of Rac1.
F-actin organization is the major determinant of growth cone morphology (Letourneau, 1996; Baas and Luo, 2001). In control cultures, ephrin-A2 caused depolymerization of 40% of the F-actin, whereas the remaining F-actin became concentrated in the center of the collapsing growth cone. When Rac1 activity was inhibited, F-actin failed to undergo this reorganization but rather was found throughout the lamellipodia and filopodia. Therefore, the lack of growth cone collapse when Rac1 activity was inhibited correlates with the failure of F-actin to undergo reorganization. Although during normal axon growth, Rac1 drives the formation of the F-actin meshwork in lamellipodia (Kuhn et al., 2000), these observations suggest that during growth cone collapse, Rac1 is involved in the reorganization of F-actin. This also indicates that the function of Rac1 is altered during growth cone collapse.
Growth cone collapse induced by ephrin-A2 and semaphorin 3A appears to involve Rac1-mediated endocytosis. Endocytosis of the plasma membrane was increased in both retina and DRG growth cones in response to ephrin-A2 treatment. Endocytosis was induced with a time course that correlated with the resumption of Rac1 activity after its transient decrease. Inhibition of Rac1 activity blocked induction of endocytosis in response to ephrin-A2 or semaphorin 3A, but it had no effect on constitutive endocytosis. This finding is consistent with a previous study suggesting that constitutive endocytosis is regulated differently than evoked endocytosis (Diefenbach et al., 1999; Ellis and Mellor, 2000). It was reported that Rac1 is targeted to sites of endocytosis during growth cone collapse (Fournier et al., 2000), which is also consistent with our findings. However, the role of endocytosis in growth cone collapse is not clear. Growth cone collapse induced by pharmacological depolymerization of F-actin did not result in increased endocytotic activity. Additionally, neurotrophins cause increased endocytosis at the growth cone, which is not associated with growth cone collapse but rather with growth cone formation and activity (V. Dontchev and P. C. Letourneau, unpublished data). Thus, Rac1-mediated endocytosis may be required for ephrin- or semaphorin-induced growth cone collapse, but endocytosis does not appear to be essential or sufficient to induce collapse.
Previous work established that ephrin signaling via Eph receptors is involved in development of the normal pattern of axonal projections in the primary visual system (Flanagan and Vanderhaeghen, 1998; O'Leary et al., 1999; Wilkinson, 2000; Yates et al., 2001). We reasoned that if Rac1 is a required effector of ephrin signaling in vivo, as indicated by the in vitro data, then reducing Rac1 expression should mimic the effect of reduced EphA3 expression on development of the retinal projection. We used an antisense oligonucleotide to reduce expression of Rac1 by retinal cells in vivo during the developmental period in which the retinal axons form connections. Retrograde axon labeling showed that normal topography failed to develop in the retinotectal projection after Rac1 antisense treatment. A similar result was obtained when the developing retina was treated with an EphA3 antisense oligonucleotide (Jurney, Selski, and McLoon, unpublished results). This shows that Rac1 is required for development of the normal pattern of axonal projections in the primary visual system. These findings are also consistent with Rac1 having an obligatory role in mediating ephrin signaling in vivo.
Negative guidance molecules are important for determining the wiring pattern of the nervous system. In tissue culture, these factors initiate collapse of growth cones. The findings reported here indicate that the negative guidance molecules ephrin-A2 and semaphorin 3A initiate a change in function of Rac1 contributing to growth cone collapse. When axons are extending, Rac1 regulates polymerization of actin in growth cones and promotes the formation of a meshwork of F-actin in lamellipodia (Fig.7A; Kuhn et al., 2000). After exposure to collapse-inducing factors, Rac1 is transiently inactivated (Fig. 7B). On resumption of activity, Rac1 mediates membrane endocytosis and F-actin reorganization (Fig. 7C). Thus, Rac1 has at least two independent functions in growth cones, and ephrin or semaphorin signaling leading to growth cone collapse requires coordination of several signal transduction pathways.
Model of the dynamics of Rac1 function in an axonal growth cone. A, Axon extension requires polymerization of actin in the process of forming filopodia and lamellipodia. Actin polymerization is driven in part by Rac1 activity at the leading edge of the growth cone. B, Activation of EphA receptors after binding ephrin-A2 results in an initial loss of activated Rac1 and cessation of axon extension. C, Subsequently, Rac1 activity returns and mediates endocytosis of the plasma membrane and F-actin reorganization during collapse of the growth cone. Rac1 activity is required for growth cone collapse. Growth cone collapse also involves depolymerization of F-actin, a process that is independent of Rac1 activity.
↵* W.M.J. and G.G. contributed equally to this work.
This work was supported by National Institutes of Health Grants EY07133, EY111926, and HD19950 and by National Science Foundation Grant IBN80932. We are grateful to C. Ercole (University of Minnesota) for technical assistance, T. Kuhn for the gift of adenovirus, and S. Ng for the gift of semaphorin 3A-producing cells.
Correspondence should be addressed to Steven C. McLoon, Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, 6-145 Jackson Hall, 321 Church Street Southeast, Minneapolis, MN 55455. E-mail: mcloons{at}umn.edu.
Aizawa H,
Wakatsuki S,
Ishii A,
Moriyama K,
Sasaki Y,
Ohashi K,
Sekine-Aizawa Y,
Sehara-Fujisawa A,
Mizuno K,
Goshima Y,
Yahara I
(2001) Phosphorylation of cofilin by LIM-kinase is necessary for semaphorin 3A-induced growth cone collapse. Nat Neurosci 4:367–373.
Allen MJ,
Shan X,
Murphey RK
(2000) A role for Drosophila Drac1 in neurite outgrowth and synaptogenesis in the giant fiber system. Mol Cell Neurosci 6:754–765.
Baas PW,
Luo L
(2001) Signaling at the growth cone: the scientific progeny of Cajal meet in Madrid. Neuron 32:981–984.
Behar O,
Golden JA,
Mashimo H,
Schoen FJ,
Fishman MC
(1996) Semaphorins act as attractive and repulsive guidance signals during the development of cortical projections. Nature 383:525–528.
Bernard V,
Bohl BP,
Bokoch GM
(1999) Characterization of Rac and Cdc42 activation in chemoattractant-stimulated human neutrophils using a novel assay for active GTPases. J Biol Chem 274:13198–13204.
Cheng H-J,
Nakamoto M,
Bergemann AD,
Flanagan JG
(1995) Complementary gradients in expression and binding of ELF-1 and Mek4 in development of the topographic retinotectal projection map. Cell 82:371–381.
Diefenbach TJ,
Guthrie PB,
Stier H,
Billups B,
Kater SB
(1999) Membrane recycling in the neuronal growth cone revealed by FM1–43 labeling. J Neurosci 19:9436–9444.
Dorseuil O,
Vazquez A,
Lang P,
Bertoglio J,
Gacon G,
Leca G
(1992) Inhibition of superoxide production in B lymphocytes by Rac antisense oligonucleotides. J Biol Chem 267:20540–20542.
Drescher U,
Kremoser C,
Handwerker C,
Loschinger J,
Noda M,
Bonhoeffer F
(1995) In vitro guidance of retinal ganglion cell axons by RAGS, a 25 kDa tectal protein related to ligands for Eph receptor tyrosine kinases. Cell 82:359–370.
Edwards DC,
Sanders L,
Bokoch GM,
Gill GN
(1999) Activation of LIM-kinase by Pak1 couples Rac/Cdc42 GTPase signaling to actin cytoskeletal dynamics. Nat Cell Biol 1:253–259.
Ellis S,
Mellor H
(2000) Regulation of endocytic traffic by rho family GTPases. Trends Cell Biol 10:85–88.
Ernst AF,
Gallo G,
Letourneau PC,
McLoon SC
(2000) Stabilization of growing retinal axons by the combined signaling of nitric oxide and brain-derived neurotrophic factor. J Neurosci 20:1458–1469.
Fan J,
Raper JA
(1995) Localized collapsing cues can steer growth cones without inducing their full collapse. Neuron 14:263–274.
Feldheim DA,
Kim YI,
Frisen J,
Barbacid M,
(2000) Genetic analysis of ephrin-A2 and ephrin-A5 shows their requirement in multiple aspects of retinocollicular mapping. Neuron 25:563–574.
Flanagan JG,
Vanderhaeghen P
(1998) The ephrins and Eph receptors in neural development. Annu Rev Neurosci 21:309–345.
Fournier AE,
Nakamura F,
Kawamoto S,
Kalb RG,
Strittmatter SM
(2000) Semaphorin3A enhances endocytosis at sites of receptor-F-actin colocalization during growth cone collapse. J Cell Biol 149:411–422.
Yates PA,
McLaughlin T,
Friedman GC,
O'Leary DD,
Barbacid M
(1998) Ephrin-A5 (AL-1/RAGS) is essential for proper retinal axon guidance and topographic mapping in the mammalian visual system. Neuron 20:235–243.
Hall A
(1998) Rho GTPases and the actin cytoskeleton. Science 279:509–514.
Jin Z,
(1997) Rac1 mediates collapsin-1-induced growth cone collapse. J Neurosci 17:6256–6263.
Korey CA,
van Vactor D
(2000) From the growth cone surface to the cytoskeleton: one journey, many paths. J Neurobiol 44:184–193.
Kuhn TB,
Brown MD,
Wilcox CL,
Raper JA,
Bamburg JR
(1999) Myelin and collapsin-1 induce motor neuron growth cone collapse through different pathways: inhibition of collapse by opposing mutants of rac1. J Neurosci 19:1965–1975.
Meberg PJ,
Bernstein BW,
Minamide LS,
Jensen JR,
Okada K,
Soda EA,
(2000) Regulating actin dynamics in neuronal growth cones by ADF/cofilin and Rho family GTPases. J Neurobiol 44:126–144.
Letourneau PC
(1996) The cytoskeleton in nerve growth cone motility and axonal pathfinding. Perspect Dev Neurobiol 4:111–123.
Shattuck TA,
Ressler AH
(1987) “Pull” and “push” in neurite elongation: observations on the effects of different concentrations of cytochalasin B and taxol. Cell Motil Cytoskeleton 8:193–209.
Luo Y,
Raible D,
(1993) Collapsin: a protein in brain that induces the collapse and paralysis of neuronal growth cones. Cell 75:217–227.
Maekawa M,
Ishizaki T,
Boku S,
Watanabe N,
Fujita A,
Iwamatsu A,
Obinata T,
Narumiya S
(1999) Signaling from Rho to the actin cytoskeleton through protein kinases ROCK and LIM-kinase. Science 285:895–898.
McLoon SC,
Barnes RB
(1989) Early differentiation of retinal ganglion cells: an axonal protein expressed by premigratory and migrating retinal ganglion cells. J Neurosci 9:1424–1432.
Monschau B,
Ohta K,
Tanaka H,
Kaneko T,
Yamada T,
Hornberger MR,
Pasquale EB,
Siever DA,
Verderame MF,
Muller BK,
Bonhoeffer F,
Drescher U
(1997) Shared and distinct functions of RAGS and ELF-1 in guiding retinal axons. EMBO J 16:1258–1267.
Newsome TP,
Schmidt S,
Dietzl G,
Keleman K,
Asling B,
Debant A,
Dickson BJ
(2000) Trio combines with Dock to regulate Pak activity during photoreceptor axon pathfinding in Drosophila. Cell 101:283–294.
O'Leary DDM,
McLaughlin T
(1999) Molecular development of sensory maps: representing sights and smells in the brain. Cell 96:255–269.
Ruchhoeft ML,
Ohnuma S,
McNeill L,
Holt CE,
Harris WA
(1999) The neuronal architecture of Xenopus retinal ganglion cells is sculpted by rho-family GTPases in vivo. J Neurosci 19:8454–8463.
Steven R,
Kubiseski TJ,
Zheng H,
Kulkarni S,
Mancillas J,
Rui Zmorales A,
Hogue CW,
Pawson T,
Culotti J
(1998) UNC-73 activates the Rac GTPase and is required for cell and growth cone migrations in C. elegans. Cell 92:785–795.
Taniguchi M,
Yuasa S,
Fujisawa H,
Naruse I,
Saga S,
Mishina M,
Yagi T
(1997) Disruption of semaphorin III/D gene causes severe abnormality in peripheral nerve projection. Neuron 19:519–530.
Vastrik I,
Eickholt BJ,
Walsh FS,
Ridley A,
Doherty P
(1999) Sema3A-induced growth-cone collapse is mediated by Rac1 amino acids 17–32. Curr Biol 9:991–998.
Wahl S,
Barth H,
Ciossek T,
Aktories K,
Mueller BK
(2000) Ephrin-A5 induces collapse of growth cones by activating rho and rho kinase. J Cell Biol 149:263–270.
Wilkinson DG
(2000) Topographic mapping: organising by repulsion and competition? Curr Biol 10:R447–R451.
Wu HH,
Selski DJ,
El-Fakahany EE,
(2001) The role of nitric oxide in development of topographic precision in the retinotectal projection of chick. J Neurosci 21:4318–4325.
Yamagata M,
Jaye DL,
Sanes JR
(1994) Gene transfer to avian embryos with a recombinant adenovirus. Dev Biol 166:355–359.
Yang N,
Higuchi O,
Nagata K,
Wada A,
Kangawa K,
Nishida E,
Mizuno K
(1998) Cofilin phosphorylation by LIM-kinase 1 and its role in Rac-mediated actin reorganization. Nature 393:809–812.
Roskies AL,
O'Leary DDM
(2001) Topographic-specific axon branching controlled by Ephrin-As is the critical event in retinotectal map development. J Neurosci 21:8548–8563.
Vol. 22, Issue 14
Thank you for sharing this Journal of Neuroscience article.
You are going to email the following Rac1-Mediated Endocytosis during Ephrin-A2- and Semaphorin 3A-Induced Growth Cone Collapse
Message Subject (Your Name) has forwarded a page to you from Journal of Neuroscience
Message Body (Your Name) thought you would be interested in this article in Journal of Neuroscience.
View Full Page PDF
William M. Jurney, Gianluca Gallo, Paul C. Letourneau, Steven C. McLoon
Journal of Neuroscience 15 July 2002, 22 (14) 6019-6028; DOI: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.22-14-06019.2002
Responses to this article
Jump to comment:
No eLetters have been published for this article.
Evidence for Long-Lasting Cholinergic Control of Gap Junctional Communication between Adrenal Chromaffin Cells
Menstrual Cycle-Dependent Neural Plasticity in the Adult Human Brain Is Hormone, Task, and Region Specific
Developmental Increase in Vesicular Glutamate Content Does Not Cause Saturation of AMPA Receptors at the Calyx of Held Synapse
Development/Plasticity/Repair
HIFα Regulates Developmental Myelination Independent of Autocrine Wnt Signaling
Evidence for Subcortical Plasticity after Paired Stimulation from a Wearable Device
Structural and functional synaptic plasticity induced by convergent synapse loss in the Drosophila neuromuscular circuit
Show more Development/Plasticity/Repair
Visit Society for Neuroscience on Facebook
Follow Society for Neuroscience on Twitter
Follow Society for Neuroscience on LinkedIn
Visit Society for Neuroscience on Youtube
Follow our RSS feeds
Copyright © 2021 by the Society for Neuroscience.
JNeurosci Online ISSN: 1529-2401
The ideas and opinions expressed in JNeurosci do not necessarily reflect those of SfN or the JNeurosci Editorial Board. Publication of an advertisement or other product mention in JNeurosci should not be construed as an endorsement of the manufacturer’s claims. SfN does not assume any responsibility for any injury and/or damage to persons or property arising from or related to any use of any material contained in JNeurosci.
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0012.json.gz/line1964
|
__label__cc
| 0.565034
| 0.434966
|
The Tradition of Unbaptized Dead Infants in Crete
On the Proper Reading of the Song of Songs by Solomon
Holy Virgin Martyr Petronilla of Rome
Holy Martyr Hermias of Comana in Cappadocia
Saint Isaac the Confessor, Founder of Dalmatoi Mon...
Saint Emmelia, Mother of Saint Basil the Great
Saint Barlaam the Hermit, Who Converted Prince Joa...
Synaxarion of the Holy Venerable Martyr Theodosia ...
Holy Virgin Martyr Theodosia of Tyre (+ 306)
Holy Ethno-Hieromartyr Euthymios, Bishop of Zela (...
May 29, 1453 - Fall of Constantinople Resource Page
Sunday of the 318 Holy Fathers of the First Ecumen...
Gospel Commentary for the Seventh Sunday of Pascha...
Sunday of the Holy Fathers of the First Ecumenical...
Venerable Bede the Confessor, Hieromonk of Wearmou...
Synaxis of All Saints of Boeotia
Saint Augustine, Archbishop of Canterbury (+ 604)
Holy Apostle Carpos of the Seventy
Holy Apostle Alphaeus of the Seventy with his son ...
Our Ascended Lord: The Saving Swallow Who Opened t...
Ascension and Pentecost in Fourth Century Jerusale...
Homily on the Ascension of our Lord Jesus Christ (...
History of the Feast of the Ascension of the Lord
What it Means That Christ Sits at the Right Hand o...
Ascension of Christ Resource Page
Synaxarion of Saint Symeon of the Wondrous Mountain
Saint Vincent of Lerins (+ 445)
On the Fifty Day Celebration of the Resurrection (...
Miracles of Saint Basil of Ostrog (5 of 5)
Holy Martyrs Donatian and Rogatian of Nantes
Holy Myrrhbearer Mary, Wife of Cleopas
The Translation of the Holy Relics of Saint Joachi...
The Transfer of the Body of Saint Nicholas from My...
Holy New Martyr Paul of Peloponnesos (+ 1818)
Holy Martyrs Castus and Aimilius of Carthage
Commemoration of the Second Ecumenical Synod in 381
Orthodoxy and Blindness Resource Page
Gospel Commentary for the Sixth Sunday of Pascha (...
Saint Hospitius the Recluse (+ 581)
What the Healing of the Man Blind from Birth by Je...
Sunday of the Blind Man Resource Page
Saint Thallelaios and his Veneration on the Island...
Saints Zabulon and Susanna, Parents of Saint Nina ...
Pontian Genocide Resource Page
Holy Martyr Theotimi
Holy New Martyr John the Dragatis, nicknamed "Arna...
Holy Martyr Theodotos and the Holy Seven Virgin Ma...
Saints Nektarios and Theophanes, Founders of Barla...
Synaxarion of the Holy Martyrs Solochon, Pamphamir...
Holy Apostles Andronikos and Junia of the Seventy
Commemoration of the Capture of Jerusalem by the ...
Saint Makarios Notaras, the Wonderworker of Myloi ...
Holy Fathers Slain at the Monastery of Saint Savva...
Saint Brendan the Anchorite, also known as the Nav...
Saint Theodore the Sanctified, Disciple of Pachomi...
Holy Tsarevich Demetrius of Moscow (+ 1591)
Synaxarion of Holy Abba Pachomios the Great
When Abba Pachomios Received the Gift of Tongues
Saint Pachomios the Great Resource Page
The Angelic Revelation of the Cenobitic Rule to St...
The Holy Monastery of Jacob's Well in Samaria
Gospel Commentary for the Fifth Sunday of Pascha (...
Hymns on the Samaritan Woman (St. Ephraim the Syrian)
Sunday of the Samaritan Woman Resource Page
Saint Euthymios the New, Founder of Iveron Monaste...
Synaxarion of Saint Pausikakos the Bishop of Synnada
Holy Martyrs of Iveron Monastery Massacred by the ...
Saint Glykeria of Novgorod (+ 1522)
Saint Theodore Who Lived in Asceticism in Kythera ...
Synaxarion of Saint Germanos the Patriarch of Cons...
Synaxarion of Saint Epiphanios the Bishop of Cyprus
Saint Epiphanios of Salamis Resource Page
The Veneration of Saints Cyril and Methodios in Gr...
Synaxarion of the Holy Hieromartyr Mokios
Synaxarion for the Dedication of Constantinople
Holy New Martyr Argyrios of Epanomi (+ 1806)
Synaxarion of the Holy Apostle Simon the Zealot
Saint Lawrence of Great Lavra, Founder of Saint La...
Mid-Pentecost as a Great Feast of the Church
Mid-Pentecost Resource Page
Synaxarion of the Holy Prophet Isaiah
Saint Nicholas of Vounenis Resource Page
Synaxarion of the Holy Martyr Nicholas of Vounenis
Saint Christopher the Great Martyr Resource Page
Synaxarion of the Holy Great Martyr Christopher
Holy Martyrs Gordianos and Epimachos
Saint Arsenios Varnakovites, Founder of Varnakova ...
Life and Sayings of Holy Abba Arsenios the Great (...
Synaxis of the Holy Dust That Proceeds From the To...
Synaxis of All Saints of Gortyna and Arkadia in Crete
Saint Nilus the Myrrhgusher Resource Page
Gospel Commentary for the Fourth Sunday of Pascha ...
The Paralytic at the Pool and the Mystery of the I...
Homily on the Paralytic at the Pool (St. Cyril of ...
Sunday of the Paralytic Resource Page
Prophet Job Resource Page
Synaxarion of the Holy Prophet Job
Saint Sophia of Kleisoura Resource Page
The Lesson of the Dunghill of Job According to St....
Synaxarion of the Holy Great Martyr Irene
St. Christopher the Great Martyr (Feast Day - May 9)
To Christopher.
I Christopher know you Christopher of like name,
Sacrificed for Christ God by the sword.*
To Kalliniki and Akylina.
Satan has again a new table,
Two women roasting on a spit by those in error.
This Saint lived during the reign of Decius (249-251). It is said concerning him that he was monstrous and strange, namely that he was dog-faced, and that he came from a land of people that were cannibals.** Captured in battle by a comes, he was unable to speak, so he prayed and an Angel of the Lord was sent to him saying: "Be manly, Reprobus" (for this was his previous name). Then the Angel took hold of his lips, and made him speak freely. The Saint then went into the city, and rebuked the Greek pagans who were persecuting the Christians. For this he was beaten by a governor named Bacchus, to whom the Saint replied: "Willingly I humbled myself to the commandments of Christ, and I stood in place and was captured. For if I wanted to be moved by my rage and bravery, I will shrink neither from you, nor from the strength of the emperor, which compared with my strength is weak and nothing."
Therefore the emperor feared him, and his strength, and his ugly face, so he sent two hundred soldiers to arrest him, while he himself held no weapons in his hands, except a staff of wood which he held. Because the bread of the soldiers had diminished along the way, and they had nothing else to eat, the Saint prayed, and the few loaves remaining multiplied. This paradoxical miracle astonished the soldiers, and they believed in Christ. When they arrived in Antioch, the Hieromartyr Babylas, who was Bishop of Antioch, baptized the soldiers along with the Saint, and from Reprobus his name was changed to Christopher.
When the Saint stood before the imperial court, the emperor saw him and was astonished, and out of fear he fell backwards. Having come to himself, he considered how to change the Saint through trickery, and soften his will with flatteries, so that by these he would be able to separate him from his faith in Christ, for he did not dare try and persuade him with threats. So what did he do? He invited two women, whose names were Kalliniki and Akylina, who were beautiful to the eyes, but harlots and unbridled in their will, and they were very suitable in warming up and persuading men towards the desires of the flesh. These were ordered to go to the Saint and change him by any means possible by attracting him to love them. In this way the defiled one hoped to separate the Martyr from Christ, and have him offer a sacrifice to the idols. But the opposite of what emperor hoped for happened. For the Saint catechized the above-mentioned harlots, and he separated them from the pagan religion. Thus they stood before the emperor, and confessed that they were Christians. The emperor therefore had them punished and tortured, having them impaled with a spit from their feet to their shoulders. Having bravely endured this terrible torture, the blessed ones received crowns of martyrdom. This inflamed the emperor with rage, so he reviled Saint Christopher for his ugly and monstrous face. The Saint responded to him that he was fit to receive the energies of the devil, by this referring to his name Decius. Immediately the inhuman tyrant decided to kill the above-mentioned two hundred soldiers, who had been sent to arrest the Saint, but in return came to believe in Christ, and the blessed ones received crowns of martyrdom.
It was ordered for Saint Christopher to be nailed on a bronze mechanical instrument, underneath which was a lit flame. The Saint was not only preserved unharmed from this torment, but he seemed to be relaxed and resting. These strange things were reported by many unbelievers, to whom they seemed unbelievable and impossible, while to the faithful and discerning it was very believable and easily received. The blessed one would say, that he saw a tall and large-bodied man, fair in countenance, who wore white garments, and with the lightning bolts flashing from his countenance, he covered the brilliance of the sun. On his head was a bright crown, and around him were soldiers with a fiery form, against whom fought others who were black and ugly, and they appeared to be victorious. But when that awesome ruler turned with anger, he frightened and trampled all those who battled against him, and he received from them authority and power.
When the people heard the Saint narrate this, and having seen how he was preserved unharmed from the torment of that bronze instrument, they believed in Christ. Therefore they went and rescued the Saint from the fire, however, all of them were cut down by the soldiers of the emperor. So they tied a stone to the neck of Saint Christopher, and they cast him into a well, but an Angel of the Lord pulled the Saint out of there and set him free. But again the impious tyrant did not cease in his rage, so he ordered the Saint to wear a bronze garment that had been heated with fire. Finally he was beheaded, and in this way the blessed one received the crown of martyrdom. His Synaxis and Feast is celebrated in his Temple, which is near the Holy Temple of Polyeuktos, and in the Temple of Saint George, which is in the place called Kyparission.***
* The first mentioned Christopher in these verses refers to Christopher of Mytilene, an 11th century poet and patrician from Constantinople. Most of the iambic verses in the Synaxarion of Constantinople, such as this one dedicated to Saint Christopher, were composed by him.
** According to St. Nikodemos the Hagiorite: "Dog-faced means here that the Saint was ugly and disfigured in his face, and not that he completely had the form of a dog, as many uneducated painters depict him. His face was human, like all other humans, but it was ugly and monstrous and wild. God created one form and one nature for all humans, and if some slightly alter from others, they are not altogether dissimilar. That there are many nations which were and are cannibals, is testified by ancient historians. Even now those called Kalmyks who are in the kingdom of Russia, these are cannibals."
*** The head of St. Christopher is kept at the Athonite Monastery of Karakalou. Portions of his relics are in the Monasteries of Prousos in Euratania, Nativity of the Theotokos in Aegina, Holy Unmercenaries in Kastoria, and Kykkos in Cyprus.
Apolytikion in the Fourth Tone
In beautiful garments woven from thy blood thou dost stand before the King of Heaven. For thou dost chant the Thrice-holy hymn with Angels and Martyrs. By thy supplications save thy servants.
Kontakion in the Fourth Tone
Thou wast terrifying both in might and countenance: thou didst willingly suffer temptation from thy persecutors; those men and women sought to arouse in thee fire of lust, but they followed thee to martyrdom. Wherefore thou art our strong protector, O Great Martyr Christopher.
Labels: Early Christian Martyrs, Saints of May, St. Christopher
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0012.json.gz/line1966
|
__label__wiki
| 0.747058
| 0.747058
|
seoul subway stops
Seoul City's subway system is one of the most convenient and fastest way to get around the city. Depending on your location in South Korea, a good place to start is the Nambu Bus Terminal. A few of these areas are easily accessible by the 5 different subway stations that are part of Seoul Subway Line 1, which extends north to Seoul and South to Cheonan and Asan. Budget saved: 10,850 won (but if you have big luggages the limousine bus is the better option ^_^) ; Express train travels non-stop from Incheon International Airport to Seoul Station, taking only 43 ⦠This station is set up to appeal to tourists. Pyeongtaek is a big place with a variety of different, fun, and interesting destinations. This method of transportation is great whether you are a local resident on your way to work or a tourist visiting from another country. It is easily navigable despite the huge city limits! Jeongbalsan Station is a major player in the world of Ilsan's subway stops. We’ve rounded up some of the coolest stops and rides on the Seoul subway. The system serves most of the Seoul Metropolitan Area including the Incheon metropolis and satellite cities in Gyeonggi province. Seoul Metropolitan Area subway system covers an expansive area, including Line 1 to 9 with additional lines, such as Sinbundang Line, Gyeongchun Line, Gyeongui-Jungang Line, Ever Line, Uisinseol Line, and more, branching throughout the metropolitan area. Unfortunately, the official Web site Metro9.co.kr is ⦠Gongdeok station was added on 30 Nov ⦠With such a large network, using the subway system as a tourist for your first time can seem complicated and confusing. It is located underground. It travels to most of the regions in the metropolitan area of Seoul, including the Incheon International ⦠The extensive system is a network of 16 lines, 546 stations, with over 7 million daily riders which covers Seoul and nearby areas such as Incheon, Gyeonggi-do and parts of Chungcheongnam-do and Gangwon-do. You can go to this site to see a virtual subway map. 2 versions of map. Some regional lines in the network stretch out beyond the Seoul Metropolitan Area to rural areas in northern Chungna⦠Do note, however, that it can be very crowded at peak times. Major stops along this circular line include Hongik Univ., City Hall, Euljiro1(il)-ga, and Dongdaemun History & Culture Park Stations north of Hangang River, as well as Gangnam, Jamsil, and ⦠A walkway has been built over the highway ending at Hangang Park. Seoul Subway Metro Map in English. If it's too rainy to visit the palace, at least there's the subway station. Seoul Metropolitan Subway is the navigation app that makes travelling by Seoul Metro transit in Seoul simple From the Gyeongbokgung Palace to the Dongdaemun Market, cheering on the FC Seoul or rooting for the Doosan Bears, whether youâre a Seoul native on your commute to work or sightseeing fresh from ⦠Within the station, the Seoul government gives transit passengers a taste of Korean history. The Seoul Subway is the best way to roam around the city of Seoul. ⦠Seoul Subway Line 2 connects many of the major downtown areas in Seoul and thus serves as an ideal mean of transportation throughout the city. ⢠The Seoul subway is known for its incredible amenities. Seoul Metropolitan Area subway system covers an expansive area, including Line 1 to 9 with additional lines, such as Sinbundang Line, Gyeongchun Line, Gyeongui-Jungang Line, Ever Line, Uisinseol Line, and more, branching throughout the metropolitan area. Fares and schedule Ticket prices are based on the distance traveled and are determined by zones. The Seoul Metropolitan Subway is a metropolitan railway system consisting of 23 rapid transit, light metro, commuter rail and people mover lines located in northwest South Korea. The extensive system is a network of 16 lines, 546 stations, with over 7 million daily riders which covers Seoul and nearby areas such as Incheon, Gyeonggi-do and parts of Chungcheongnam-do and Gangwon-do. A smorgasbord of information ranging from maps to stories to raps. One of the intermediate stops is at Gyeyang, the northern terminus of Line One of Incheon's subway. Subway stops: 10 stations Total fare: T-money ì¹´ë â 4,150 won , Cash íê¸ â 4,250 won. Subway Map in English Subway Map in Chinese Subway Map in Japanese New Business Status Railway Business Status Zip code 04806 | 346, Cheonho-daero, Seongdong-gu, Seoul If it's too rainy to visit the palace, why not pass the time in the subway station? Some regional lines in ⦠It seems like T-money (Standard card price: 1500 won + 500 won to refund if value is > 2000 won) is a better option compared to Seoul Citypass that costs 15,000 won a 1-day pass. In due time, you will realize the opposite. The Seoul Metropolitan Subway is a metropolitan railway system consisting of 23 rapid transit, light metro, commuter rail and people mover lines located in northwest South Korea. People's Square. Im compiling a list of subway stops for attractions and such in Seoul for redditors! It is located underground. It looks like I may take the new Subway Line 9 on my trip to Seoul, and I've heard that it has an express route which could make some of my journeys shorter. We plan to be in Seoul for 5 days and will mostly travel on subways. With over 20 subway lines, the nearest subway station is most likely just across your accommodation! By Airport Limousine from Incheon Airport to Seoul: Bus Number : 6001 Fare: 15,000 won Travel Time : 60-70 minutes. The subway operation hours are from 5:30 to ⦠People's Square. Yes, this is a tourist trap and yes, the subway exit number 9 was designed to appeal to visitors, but it's execution is truly marvelous. The cars are heated in the winter and air-conditioned in the summer. Riding the subway is simple, straight forward, and easy to use for even the first time user. Budget comparison. I've looked at the Wikitravel page for Seoul and the Wikipedia page for the Seoul Metro, but this information is proving a little difficult to find. Trains run at three to seven minute intervals depending on the route and time of day. Up and out from the darkness of the underground, the train crosses the Han River and treats transit passengers to a spectacular view of the National Assembly and surrounding buildings. Considerations. Most lines run between approximately 6 AM and 11 PM. Seoul Subway is the easiest, quickest, and least expensive way of getting around Seoul. A friend of mine at my hostel here in Seoul needs to get to Gimpo Airport in the morning and is asking what time the subway system commences operation. From station To station 1 minute 3 å
To station 1 minute 3 å
The Seoul Subway (Metro) System is efficient, clean, safe and very easy to use. During subway hours, the entrance surrounding exit 9 is crowded and buzzing with youthful energy. A Seoul Subway app that both locals and visitors love.. No men allowed: Seoul subway's new plan to thwart perverts. More on CNNGo:No men allowed: Seoul subway's new plan to thwart perverts. Some top-end hotels and a few sights are up to a 15-minute walk from a subway station, but you can usually hail taxis or hop on a bus. Airport Railroad provides 2 types of service: all-stop train and express train. Don't forget to list both the city and attraction! Seoul's Subway System on the Web. Seoul Subway Map. In central Seoul the average time between stations is just over two minutes, so as a rough guide it takes around 25 minutes to travel 10 stops. Do note, however, that it can be very crowded at peak times. Incheon Subway Line 1 is one of the 18 lines of the Seoul Subway. Passenger Type, Transportation Card (T-Money), Single Use Card Seoul's 6 coolest subway stops By Rishika Murthy 22 September, 2011 Even apart from the people-watching (ajummas with sharp elbows, ajeoshis in soju-induced comas, young women in gravity-defying mini-skirts and "kill-heels") Seoul subways can make for some amusing rides. Gwanghwamun station, Exit 9. The color-coded subway lines make the Seoul Metro quite easy to use. Seoul's 6 coolest subway stops By Rishika Murthy 22 September, 2011 Even apart from the people-watching (ajummas with sharp elbows, ajeoshis in soju-induced comas, young women in gravity-defying mini-skirts and "kill-heels") Seoul subways can make for some amusing rides. Around the station are artifacts from various dynasties. Subway Map - by Seoul Metropolitan Rapid Transit Corporation; Subway - by Visit Korea; Getting Around - by Visit Seoul; 10 Reasons Why The Seoul Subway System Is The Best - by Seoulistic; Seoul Sub->urban; Seoul's 6 coolest subway stops - by CNN Aside from being a superb network system for public transportation, Seoulâs Subway is a city hidden under a city. From station To station 1 minute 3 元 To station 1 minute 3 元 The country with the most metro systems is China, with 40 operational. One way to find out is to use Google Maps to detect the location of your Seoul accommodation and youâll instantly find the nearest station. The central underground portion of this rail line is the oldest subway section in the Seoul Metropolitan Subway ⦠This is a factor that increases the pedestrian and vehicle traffic of the city. Small part of Seoul Metropolitan Subway Map. This foray into the above ground is a refreshing change from the endless tunnels and epilepsy-inducing advertisements. The walls of the station display life-size pictures of 500 items of food, toiletries and electronics. If you run into a situation where taking a bus is more advantageous than taking the subway, (which happens quite often) thereâs a handy app called âSeoul Busâ that can be downloaded on your smart phones. Rishika Murthy arrived in Seoul in 2009 with an M.A. The Seoul Metropolitan Subway is the 4 th largest metro system in the world, with lines that stretch well beyond the city border. And most importantly, because Seoul is a global city, English signs are there to help guide you. Gwanghwamun station, Exit 9. The Seoul Metro, which is located in the northeast of South Korea, is a railway service with almost 330 kilometers of total length.It has 9 lines and 300 stations. Subway Map in English Subway Map in Chinese Subway Map in Japanese New Business Status Railway Business Status Zip code 04806 | 346, Cheonho-daero, Seongdong-gu, Seoul This relief wall mural is a depiction of symbols of ancient Korean beliefs. Usually, the Seoul Metro Art Center mounts exhibits for transit passengers to enjoy. The Seoul Subway (Metro) System is efficient, clean, safe and very easy to use. More on CNNGo: 5 best indie rock bands in Hongdae. Gyeyang â International Business District. It's any day of the week and it's half past time to get the party started. Seoul Subway is one of the most efficient subway systems in the world for getting around. Children,450 won,450 won Subway Map - by Seoul Metropolitan Rapid Transit Corporation; Subway - by Visit Korea; Getting Around - by Visit Seoul; 10 Reasons Why The Seoul Subway System Is The Best - by Seoulistic; Seoul Sub->urban; Seoul's 6 coolest subway stops ⦠Fares and schedule Ticket prices are based on the distance traveled and are determined by zones. After rounding the corner from the sweaty maze, the refreshing view is a soothing sight to behold. Seoul Subway Metro Map in English. Next time you’re heading near any of these stops, try to tear yourself away from Angry Birds and take a good look around. Best people-watching station in all of northern Seoul. Updated as of 2014 We recommend checking out our post on Best Apps for traveling in Korea. Being a mechanical kind of guy, I really like hearing the gears ramping up as we take off! Gyeyang Airport Express. There are three long stretches of walls for various visual displays. Trains run at three to seven minute intervals depending on the route and time of day. The Beijing Subway is the world's busiest and longest metro system, while the New York City Subway has the greatest number of stations. While waiting for the train at Seollung Station, go shopping at the world’s first virtual supermarket, aimed at Korea's ever-savvy smartphone users. 2 versions of map. The circular architecture of this stop makes getting lost impossible. Metro of Seoul Asia / South Korea. Stylishly-dressed people are standing around, checking their phones, chatting with friends as they wait for the remaining members of their crew to show up. Noksapyeong's chrome dome. Seoul Subway Map Timetables and Stops: Seoul is the capital city of South Korea and is also the country's most popular city. This abandoned area could use some work, but it has all the potential to add a cozy corner to the open-air structure. Gyulhyeon. At a first glance, you will see a complicated and detailed subway map thatâll make you wanna jump in to the ⦠Feel free to contribute. Metro of Seoul Asia / South Korea. If it's a Hongdae kind of night, chances are, you're meeting at exit 9. Small part of Seoul Metropolitan Subway Map. For more details view the Explore Seoul interactive Subway map or click on one of the station names below. The International ... Seoul South Korea: Seoul Subway: 1974: 2020: 333: … It provides access to physical recreation (Ilsan Lake Park and Jeongbalsan Park), commercial recreation (La Festa and Westerndom), and cultural recreation (Goyang Aram Nuri Arts Center). For centuries, Gwanghwamun has been Seoul's prime real estate. Express train travels non-stop from Incheon International Airport to Seoul Station, taking only 43 minutes and costs 8,000 won per ticket (this is a special adjusted rate valid until December 31, 2015). Riders using the Seoul Subway can pay for their fares using a prepaid transportation card or by purchasing a single-use transportation card. [/table]. Updated as of 2014 A substantial part of the population resides either in Seoul or a settlement very close to Seoul. A smorgasbord of information ranging from maps to stories to raps. She hails from the great state of Illinois and enjoys wine, cheese and gallery openings. Most subway entrances take the form of a covered staircases by the ⦠At Gimpo, passengers can transfer to Line Five of the Seoul subway. There are over 20 subway lines crossing each other, each stop at the most important part of Seoul and on the outskirts of Seoul. The bridge offers the opportunity for a leisurely stroll. Bakchon. Even apart from the people-watching (ajummas with sharp elbows, ajeoshis in soju-induced comas, young women in gravity-defying mini-skirts and "kill-heels") Seoul subways can make for some amusing rides. This method of transportation is great whether you are a local resident on your way to work or a ⦠Jeongbalsan Station. Seoul's Subway System on the Web. in Journalism from Indiana University and a thirst for adventure. [table sort=”desc,asc”] The Seoul subway and bus are aligned to give you free passes and you only have to use one card for every transportation. Answer 1 of 5: Hello. The Seoul Metro, which is located in the northeast of South Korea, is a railway service with almost 330 kilometers of total length.It has 9 lines and 300 stations. Whatever direction you choose will lead to turnstiles or a stairway and ultimately to an exit. Seoul Subway is the easiest, quickest, and least expensive way of getting around Seoul. Typical subway station in Seoul. Seoul Metro said Wednesday that it is working to install parking and charging facilities for shared electric scooters around subway stations in the city to help enhance the safety of its citizens. Gyeongbokgung Station is a prime example of a stop that has its visitors in mind. The second stage, which connects Gimpo Airport to Seoul Station, was brought into service on 29 Dec 2010. The light bounces and reflects off the crisscrossing escalators and steps and disappears in the creepy exhibition style fair set up on the bottom floor. The beautifully domed roof allows plenty of natural light into the station. You'll go round and round, but you'll get to your destination eventually. Adults,1250 won,1350 won It currently consists of lines 1 through 9 plus the Jungang Line, Bundang Line, and Gyeongui Line. A map showing the subway lines and cost per stop … The majesty of the mountains in the distance and King Sejong ruling large over Gwanghwamun Square is enough to take your breath away. Many of the major stations are attractions in their own right and feature a wide array of facilities, including restaurants, convenience stores, cosmetic shops, clothing boutiques, breastfeeding rooms, bicycle racks, elevators and wheelchair lifts. The system serves most of the Seoul Metropolitan Area including the Incheon metropolis and satellite cities in Gyeonggi province. On its busiest nights, you almost don't even have to climb the stairs, but let the sweaty tightly squeezed mass carry you where you need to go, mosh-pit style. The Seoul subway map might be a little bit overwhelming at first. Most subway stations have lifts or stair lifts for ⦠Teenagers, 720 won,1350 won Best subway rides, stations and exits for people-watching or prowling around. The subway service in general is open from 5:30 am to 1 am, and there are plans to extend it soon overnight in certain areas. For centuries, Gwanghwamun has been Seoul's prime real estate. A map of the entire system can be viewed here. The subway station has many signs to direct you to your destination. Insadong- Jongak Station (ì¢
ê°ì) Line 1: traditional part of Seoul, Buddhist temples, vegetarian restaurants . The ornate decorations on the walls also help transport the visitor back to another time when kings ruled the Land of Morning Calm. With such a large network, using the subway system as a tourist for your first time can seem complicated and confusing. Line 1 of the Seoul Metropolitan Subway is a rapid transit and commuter rail line which links central Seoul, South Korea to Soyosan Station in the northeast, Incheon in the southwest, and Sinchang via Suwon and Cheonan in the south. Best people-watching station in all of northern Seoul. Line 1 of the Seoul Metropolitan Subway is a rapid transit and commuter rail line which links central Seoul, South Korea to Soyosan Station in the northeast, Incheon in the southwest, and Sinchang via Suwon and Cheonan in the south. Each subway line has a designated color to aid passengers in using the subway ⦠Printable version with color. Printable version with color. All-stop train stops at all stations (11 in total), takes approximately 55 minutes, and costs 4,250 won per ticket (4,150 won with transit card). The cars are heated in the winter and air-conditioned in the summer. The central underground portion of this rail line is the oldest subway section in the Seoul Metropolitan Subway system. With a subway this big, youâll need an app like Seoul Subway to simplify every journey you make so you never get lost. All-stop train stops at all stations (11 in total), takes approximately 55 minutes, and costs 4,250 won per ticket (4,150 won with transit card). Download the Home plus app, scan the QR code (bar code) for the item you want, and voila, your items will be delivered within a day. Each subway line has a designated color to aid passengers in using the subway with ease. Take a bus from your local station to Nambu and head down to the subway terminal. Seoul Subway Line 2 (Korean: ìì¸ ì§íì² 2í¸ì ), also known as the Circle ⦠If the window view went by too quickly, get off at Dangsan Station (Line 9 and 2) and head to Exit 3.
Rachel True Now, Msc Occupational Therapy Pre-registration London, Forty Winks Bed Frames, Noggin Show And Tell, Mannheim Steamroller Earthrise, Home Depot Christmas Trees, Grammar Games For Adults,
seoul subway stops 2020
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0012.json.gz/line1969
|
__label__cc
| 0.643677
| 0.356323
|
My struggles with technology --- an homage to Jerry Pournelle
Apple Watch Series 5/6, iPhone X, 11 communications failure
September 26, 2020 By Jim 1 Comment
This is long and involved. If you don’t want to see what I went through and how well Apple support did — or didn’t — do, just scroll down to the bottom of this page. I did manage to solve the problem, with no help from Apple support, although the hoops that they made me jump through gave me the idea for what was wrong.
Yesterday, 9/25/2020, I received my new Apple Watch Series 6. I’d been using a Series 5. My old Series 5 had been working fine until the update of my iPhone X to iOS 14.0, which broke communication with my watch. I got a message saying that I needed to update the watch OS in order to reestablish communication. I tried to do that, but the update kept hanging. I gave up, knowing that I’d get a new watch in a couple of days.
When the new watch came, I went to the watch app on my iPhone X, and tried to cancel out of it. The app said that I had two choices: a) I could keep on trying to update the watch, or b) it would unpair the watch and reset it to factory settings. I chose the latter. I checked with iCloud, and the watch was no longer listed as one of my Apple devices.
Then I paired my new watch with the iPhone X and told it to restore from the backup. That appeared to go fine, but when I started to explore my new watch, I noticed sever interrelated things that were amiss.
The ECG app complication was missing from the face of the watch
The ECG app icon on the watch was partially obscured by a semi-transparent grey dot in the center, which made it look like a white doughnut with a dark gray hole in the middle and a red squiggle of icing running across it. It looked the same way in list view and in sea-of-icons view. I’m interpreting that to mean that the app is greyed out.
When I pressed on the weird-looking ECG app icon, it wiggled, but the app didn’t open.
On the iPhone X, the ECG app did not appear as a complication that I could add.
I couldn’t find anyplace in the Heart app or the Watch app to install the ECG app.
This morning, my new watch wanted to be upgraded to OS 7.0.1. I upgraded it from the iPhone X. It now reads 7.0.1 (18R395). That didn’t change the situation with the ECG app.
I opened a phone support case. The tech asked me to upgrade my iPhone X from iOS 14.0 to iOS 14.0.1. I did so. No change.
I called back with my case number. The tech said the issue was beyond him, and asked to escalate my case. I asked if I should unpair and repair first, and he said no to do that. I held on hold for half an hour, and he said the anticipated wait time was 50 minutes. He said he was going to drop off the call, and that I should just be patient.
After an hour and a half on hold, I got to a tech. After checking on serial numbers and OS levels, he asked me to unpair and repair. After repairing, he suggested restoring from the latest backup of the Series 6. I did that, and things were much worse. Not only was the ECG app greyed out, so were many other apps.
We power cycled both the phone and the watch. No joy.
The tech sent me a link to a profile that I installed on the iPhone that will upload logs to Apple. We scheduled a call for Thursday at 11 o’clock, by which time the Apple folks should be able to review the logs and offer suggestions. Total time for the second phone call: two hours and 15 minutes.
I’m keeping the packing material, just in case.
At 11:30 on Thursday morning 10/1/2020 I had no call from Apple. I contacted tech support via chat. They said that the tech was too busy to call, and had sent an email. I checked my spam folder, but there was no email there, but I got a call at 11:40. I was immediately put on hold. After five or ten minutes, I got a new tech on the line. She verified that the watch was not working, and said that it had been uploading the logs every 24 hours since Saturday. Then she put me on hold again while she did some research. After a few minutes, the tech came back on the line, and said that she needed to transfer me Apple Watch support. She did so. The new tech asked what the problem was. I pointed her at this blog post, but she said her system wouldn’t let her access it. I gave her the reference number. She said that she needed to put me on hold while she did some research. So you see a pattern here?
I got the tech back after ten minutes or so. After another thirty minutes on the phone, the tech couldn’t think of anything more to try, and said she’d have to call me back. I suggested that I unpair and re-pair the watch while she was gone, and set it up as a new watch, since it seemed like the restore process might be the issue. Said said she’d call in about 45 minutes.
I rang off. Total time on the phone today: about an hour.
I unpaired the watch and re-paired it as a new watch. No joy. Lots of grayed-out apps.
After an hour and a half, I got an email from Apple saying they were trying to reach me but were encountering a busy signal. They said they’d keep trying. I checked and made sure the line was working and clear, and waited. After another half hour, I got a call saying there was no answer, and they were giving up, and I should call back if I wished to pursue it. I called back. The tech wanted me to start all over explaining the problem, but I insisted that he read the record of the incident. He did, and asked me if re-pairing as a new watch fixed the problem. I said it did not. He said he’d transfer me to a “senior advisor”, and he put me on hold.
After five or ten minutes, the new Apple tech came on the line. I show him how to access this blog, and he familized himself with the case. I installed a support app that let him see the display, and show me a red arrow that told me where he wanted me to press, and we walked through some things. He ran some diagnostics, which the watch passed.After a while, we agreed that we’d done all we could, and that they’d send me a box, so that I could return the watch for a replacement.
But I was getting suspicious of the phone. Remember at the top of this post when I'[d have trouble updating my old Series 5 Apple Watch? What if the problem wasn’t the watch, but the phone? I said I’d unpair the Series 6 watch, pair the phone to the Series 5 watch, and see if that worked.
I upgraded the OS on the Series 5 watch using the iPhone, paired the two, with the watch set up as a new watch. Same grayed-out apps.
Series 5 after pairing
I sent an email to Apple informing them of those results. It seems to me that the problem must be with the phone. I await instructions from Apple.
Friday, 10/2/2020, a week after I received the watch, I got an email from Apple asking for the iPhone serial number. I responded with the number.
Saturday, 10/3,2020, I got a message from the tech saying my iPhone was out of warranty, and that I should try resetting it to factory settings and setting it up as new. That’s going to take hours, and if it’s a hardware problem it’s not going to fix the issue, and at the end of that time, I’ll have an old phone. Much as it pains me to solve this problem by throwing more money Apple’s way, I’m ordering a new phone.
The new iPhone 11 Pro arrived from Verizon. I turned it on, and brought it close to the old phone. I told both phones I wanted to transfer my information to the new phone, and it set about doing that via Bluetooth. The old phone had a spinning icon in a window labeled Finish on New iPhone. The new phone went back to the Hello screen. I swiped up, and attempted to activate the new phone. No luck. Then I got a message to call Verizon at 877 807 4646. I did.
The tech tried a few things, but couldn’t get any of them to work. He had me turn off both phones, turn the new on back on, and set it up manually. However, because of two-factor authentication, it sent a message with a code to the old phone. I turned it back on, got the code, entered it in the new phone, and turned the old phone off again. I went through the setup, and somehow — from the failed synch over Bluetooth? — it knew my WiFi password. It asked me to update the OS to 14.0.1. I did. That took a while. Actually, the download only took a couple of minutes, but the rest of the update took 20. When it finished, it turned the power off. It did not. After a while, I pressed the power button. It showed the the apple, and started what looked like a normal boot. But about 20% of the way into the boot, the screen went blank, the apple game up again, and the progress bar went back to 0%. Finally, it finished the boot. It downloaded some information from iCloud. Then it did another reboot. it said Hello, and then the screen went blank. I waited, and power it up again. The phone didn’t pass the Verizon test-call exercise. The tech had me reset the network settings. Then it did pass. I made some test calls, and received a test message.
Everything appeared to finally be copacetic. Then I got a popup message from the new phone (the old one was powered off at this point) saying the phone was not activated. That gave me pause, but the tech said there was nothing to worry about.
Total time spent on the phone: about anr hour and twenty minutes.
The next step was getting an Apple watch paired. I powered up the old iPhone, and unpaired the Apple Watch Series 5. Then I shut off that phone. On the new phone, I paired the watch. Everything seemed to go normally, except at one point after I entered my Apple ID, the phone said it couldn’t contact the server. It want OK the second time, though. I said to set the Series 5 up as a new watch. The download to the watch went faster than it had with the old iPhone. Then, when the progress bar got to about 7:30, it stopped moving for several minutes. It jumped to 11:30, hung there for a few more minutes, and finaly completed.
I pressed the crown to get started, and again to bring up the menu. Half the icons were grayed out. I guess it wasn’t the phone.
I sent a message off to Apple telling them what had happened, and giving them a link to this page. I received a response that asked me to send in the Series 6 watch. Obviously, they don’t understand what’s going on. I have a brand-new iPhone 11 that can’t set up the old watch. I haven’t even tried the new phone with the new watch. I pointed those facts out in an email, and haven’t heard back yet.
I went to town today and my new iPhone 11 couldn’t contact the Internet. I reset the network settings. That didn’t work immediately, but after about five minutes, I got a notice that my phone had been successfully activated, and I could go on-line.
It’s now Thursday, 10/8/2020, almost two weeks after the issue first surfaced. I received this email today from Apple:
You can try to reset/wipe the watch again, then reset it up as new. Choose to not restore anything from iCloud. Just completely set it up as new. This will not allow it to sync anything from iCloud. If your theory is correct, (which is makes alot of sense), it should solve your icon issue.
I didn’t have high hopes, because that was what I had been doing all along, but I gave it a try, this time with the iPhone 11 and the Apple Watch Series 6, which was the only combination I hadn’t tried. No joy.
I followed the instructions, using the iPhone 11 I just bought, and the Apple Watch Series 6. But there’s a memory process in play here. There is a timer icon in the lower left of my Infograph face, where it was when everything was working. But in the Watch app on the iPhone, that position is listed as off. If I tap it, the watch asks if I want to restore “Timer”. If I say yes, it takes me to the app store. Then I can tap on the download from cloud icon. But when I go back to the watch face, tapping on that icon brings up the same message about restoring “Timer” so the restoration didn’t take place. This is also no change from before.
The phone has some memory of the way a previous watch has been set up, even if you tell the watch app in the phone to set the watch up as new. Could this be the source of the grayed-out icons?
It’s Friday, 10/9/2020, and I got this email from Apple: “I am going to have to consult engineerings again for this, along with your screenshots of the watch showing the exact issue. I have sent you a link you can log into with your apple id with & upload the screenshots to me. They will help the cause immensely.”
I sent them the screen shots.
10/12/2020. I sent Apple an email asking for a progress report.
10/13/2020. No response to yesterday’s email. I sent another.
10/14/2020. I got a call from Apple support. The tech had me download some more monitoring software power-cycle both the watch and the phone, and sent the logs to engineering for evaluation. They couldn’t find anything wrong. They said they’d keep looking. After the call was over I got a request to update the watch OS to 7.0.2. I did so.
10/15/2020. I got an email from the tech saying the watch still looked like it was on 7.0.1, and asking me to double check. I did so. The watch thinks it’s on 7.0.2.
10/16/2020. Nothing from Apple.
10/19/2020 Sent the follow message to Apple Support:
It’s now been more than three weeks that I’ve been working with Apple support on this issue. Have you made any progress? From my end, it appears there has been none. Have you eliminated any possibilities? What are the possibilities that remain? What will happen next?
10/20/2020 Received the following from Apple Support:
I will be call you shortly. Can you send me the serial number to the iPhone that will pair with your watch? I have to run the diagnostics from that.
I’m not sure what you mean by the iPhone that will pair with my watch? Neither iPhone pairs properly with the watch.
The tech called, and said that he meant the watch that was currently paired with the watch. That’s the iPhone 11, which I bought because Apple refused to troubleshoot the problem with my out-of-warranty iPhone X. I gave him the serial number, and he downloaded a diagnostic app that ran on both the watch and the phone and sent the logs to Apple. He said that he’d send the logs to engineering, and call me tomorrow. I pointed out that we had done the exact same thing on 10/14, and asked what happened with those logs. The tech didn’t know.
It seems like we’re going around in circles on this.
10/21/2020 No call from Apple.
10/22/2020. The Timer app, which had been grayed out, came back to life, and works. Apps still grayed out:
Blood Oxygen
Camera Remote
Cycle Tracking
Voice Memos
I received an email from Apple support:
Just heard from Engineering. Please update to 14.1 on your iPhone. It just came out today
I upgraded the OS. No change. I asked if I should unpair and re-pair.
Received the following message from Apple Support:
OK, here are a few other steps they would like you to go over. Just let me know if you have any positive results with your apps afterwards – -thanks:
– Be sure Apple ID signed in on iPhone
– Sign out and back in to their Apple ID. Does the same issue occur?
– Try deleting and redownload the affected app on their iPhone. Does it then load properly onto the watch?
– Are you installing the apps from the Apple Watch app on their iPhone or from the App Store directly on the watch?
– If they’ve only tried one of the methods above (Apple Watch app or watch App Store on the Watch), have them try the other to see if the same issue occurs
I signed out and back in to Apple ID. Some old situation, except that my phone wouldn’t let me look at Apple News+. I could see it on all my other devices, though.
Went to the top of my grayed-out app list. Looked for “Alarms” on the iPhone. Can’t find that app. Next is “Audiobooks”. Could only find third-party apps. Skipped to “ECG”. Got message saying that “This app can be downloaded only on Apple Watch.”
I can’t figure out how to install apps from the watch. On the phone, in the Watch app, none of the grayed-out apps appear. When I go to the App Store on the watch and search, none of the apps above come up in the search results, just third-party apps.
I emailed all of the above results to Apple.
10/24/2020. I sent the following email to Apple:
I didn’t hear from you yesterday. That’s a disappointment.
Let’s review the situation. It has been four weeks since I first reported a single grayed-out app on my new Apple Watch. Since then, I have been performing the steps you have suggested, which first resulted in the graying-out of many more watch apps, and on Thursday caused me to loose access to News+ on my iPhone. You have run diagnostics on the watch twice, and uploaded the logs. You have never told me what, if anything, has been found in those logs that is useful. The last set of instructions you sent me looked like they applied to someone with a different problem.
I have no sense that we’re making any progress at all.
Please tell me what you think the path to success in troubleshooting this issue is, and how long it should take.
I received this:
Sorry Jim, I am just waiting to hear back from Engineering, as we haven’t received anything new from them yet. I am out of office now until Tuesday, when I return I hope to have word from them. I know it’s been 4 weeks also.
I am sorry this is taking longer than expected too. I am beginning to think it’s going to be a replacement? We will see early next week.
I sent this:
What would you replace? I’ve got two phones. I’ve got two watches. Neither phone works right with either watch.
10/27/2020 I received this from Apple Support:
Receiving word back from the Engineer handling this issue: Apple has received reports of this behavior. Those reports are under investigation by Apple.
Your feedback on the issue will help isolate what is happening here. It is very much appreciated.
A solution may come in the form of an update, in which we will let you know, and are encouraged to keep all devices up to date, as I know you are. Thank You,
They are looking into the situation diligently, and I will let you know the second that I hear back from them.
Again, thank you for your patience on this matter.
11/6/2020 A new iOS update for the phone became available yesterday, 14.2. I installed it on the iPhone 11. No change. Watch apps still grayed out. The phone still thinks I haven’t subscribed to News+.
It’s now been seven weeks since I got the Apple Watch 6 that didn’t work right. I have now spent about $1600 for Apple products that don’t work: the first $400 for the watch, and then $1200 for the iPhone 11 that I got when Apple said my iPhone X was out of warranty and that they would no longer support me on trying to get it connected to the Watch series 6. About 30 watch apps are grayed out. And, in trying to fix all of the above, following the instructions of Apple support broke News+ on the iPhone.
Assuming that there is just one thing that’s causing all this, it’s got to be the backed up data in my Apple account, or in the process of restoring that data. But I know of no way to selectively restore some data from the Apple account. Setting up the phone as a new phone doesn’t keep data from being loaded. The minute I sign into my Apple account, a bunch of data downloads, and I have no control over what data is downloaded. If I set up another Apple account, that might fix things, but than I wouldn’t have any synchronization across my Apple devices, and I’d have to pay for new subscriptions and apps.
11/7/2020 I updated the watch OS to 7.1 (18R590). No change in symptoms.
11/10/2020 I received the following from Apple Support:
If you would create a brand new Apple ID to sign your phone into, and then repair your watch to it. (Unpair the current setup before trying any of this). This would prove your point & solve this mystery of these icons. Your other account will still be there to sign back into when & if needed.
If this would resolve things, I can work with iTunes regarding apps & other subscriptions.
Regarding your News app on the iPhone, delete it & then re-download and install it again from the App Store
11/11/2020 I deleted the News app, and tried to download a new copy from the Apple store. The download hung. The News app icon is grayed out on the iPhone. When I tap it, nothing happens. Cancelling the download and trying again produces the same result. There’s a pattern here. It seems the more I try what Apple support suggests, the more things break. Remember, this all started out with a single Apple Watch app not working.
I unpaired the watch, logged out of my Apple account, logged in to a different one, and re-paired the watch. No change. Most apps grayed out. Note that if what’s wrong is what I think is wrong — that it’s a problem with backed up data — changing Apple accounts wouldn’t fix it.
11/12/2020 I downloaded the CNN news app from the Apple store to make sure that I could download apps in general. That worked fine.
I had a thought. What if the failure to load the News app on the iPhone and the other apps on the watch had a common cause, such as being blocked by a firewall. Surely Apple wouldn’t let those downloads fail silently. But what if they are doing exactly that? And what if they are using different servers for different aps? I took my phone to a place with no WiFi service, canceled the News app download, and reinstalled it from the app store. It worked. Not only that, but News+ worked, too.
I checked my Sophos firewall exceptions. I had one for Apple:
^([A-Za-z0-9.-]*\.)?apple\.com\.?/
I added some more:
^([A-Za-z0-9.-]*\.)?cdn-apple\.com\.?/
^([A-Za-z0-9.-]*\.)?cdn\-apple\.com
^([A-Za-z0-9.-]*\.)?icloud\.com\.?/
^([A-Za-z0-9.-]*\.)?mzstatic\.com\.?/
I unpaired and re-paired the watch. I got all the apps, and none were grayed out.
11/13/2020 Here’s my summary of the situation. I’m guessing at some things, since I don’t understand the Apple app download protocols at all.
Apple uses protocols and payloads in its downloading that the Sophos firewall in its default settings recognizes as malware.
The Sophos firewall blocks those downloads. The firewall may or may not do this silently, but it doesn’t matter, since there appears to be no user interface to the app download process on either the iPhone or the Apple Watch.
Thus, the downloads fail.
The watch and the phone recognize that the downloads have failed. Evidence for this is that simply removing the firewall blocking (see below) doesn’t fix things. To fix things, you have to cancel the earlier downloads and restart them after the block has been removed.
However — and this is the part that really should be fixed — the watch and the phone give no warning to the user that the downloads have failed, and just keep the icons grayed out as if a normal download, so the user has no idea that the download has been blocked.
Apple used to use a set of servers for downloading apps and backups that could be encompassed in the following Sophos scanning exclusion: ^([A-Za-z0-9.-]*\.)?apple\.com\.?/ That was the exception that I had used previously, and it has worked just fine.
Apple has added some servers for some apps that can’t be used with the above exception, although that exception works fine for many apps. This explains why the missing apps on the watch were the same apps every time.
Adding the following exceptions makes all the app downloads work:
Filed Under: The Bleeding Edge
← Covid-19 criteria for reopening October Covid-19 report →
Robert Jay says
Thanks for this commentary. I was feeling like an old fuddy-duddy for my persistent refusal to update my Apple gadget operating systems until absolutely forced to. Since I have no interest in purchasing a new Apple watch–the 5 series works just fine for my purposes–I will continue rejecting those persistent and annoying demands to update.
What’s a Covid-19 case?
October Covid-19 report
Covid-19 criteria for reopening
California Covid-19 situation improves
Robert Jay on Apple Watch Series 5/6, iPhone X, 11 communications failure
Jim H on UpdraftPlus/Dropbox problems
Bob on Caseload, positivity rises in California, Monterey County, and US
Erik Kaffehr on Caseload, positivity rises in California, Monterey County, and US
John sheets on Second Covid-19 wave in California?
Archives Select Month October 2020 September 2020 August 2020 July 2020 June 2020 May 2020 April 2020 April 2019 February 2019 January 2019 December 2018 May 2018 March 2018 December 2017 October 2017 August 2017 April 2017 March 2017 January 2017 December 2016 October 2016 September 2016 August 2016 July 2016 May 2016 March 2016 April 2015 March 2015 February 2015 January 2015 December 2014 November 2014 October 2014 September 2014 July 2014 May 2014 April 2014 March 2014 February 2014 January 2014 December 2013 November 2013 October 2013 September 2013 August 2013 July 2013 June 2013 May 2013 April 2013 March 2013 February 2013 January 2013 December 2012 November 2012 October 2012 September 2012 August 2012 June 2012 May 2012 April 2012
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0012.json.gz/line1970
|
__label__wiki
| 0.912465
| 0.912465
|
With its extensive programme of public events in Florence, Berlin and elsewhere, the Kunsthistorisches Institut in Florenz sees itself as a forum for lively, international and interdisciplinary academic exchange. The Institute makes its research findings accessible to the public in exhibitions and publications. Through calls for papers, research fellowships and job opportunities, it aims to promote collaboration with academics from around the world.
With its programme of events and exhibitions, the Kunsthistorisches Institut in Florenz sees itself as a forum for academic exchange. Through its calls for papers, fellowships and job opportunities, it aims to foster academic collaboration.
The Kunsthistorisches Institut in Florenz is a research institute of the Max Planck Society dedicated to the history of art and architecture. Its main areas of focus are the art and visual culture of Italy, Europe and the Mediterranean sphere in the global context. It is particularly committed to supporting, advancing and networking international young academics.
The Kunsthistorisches Institut in Florenz is a Max Planck Institute dedicated to researching the history of art and architecture. Its main areas of focus are the art and visual culture of Italy, Europe and the Mediterranean in the global context.
Departments & Research Groups
Sponsors and Patrons
The Kunsthistorisches Institut in Florenz positions itself as a laboratory of basic research in art history in dialogue with other disciplines. This includes questions related to the professional ethics of art history, the relationship between ethics and architecture, and the concern for cultural heritage. Projects at the Institute look e.g. at transcultural dynamics in the Mediterranean, European and global context, at urban and visual spaces, the history of knowledge and museology, photography and its archives, art history and ecology, the work of Leonardo da Vinci, image/language constellations, image and law, and with discourses on image and object.
The Kunsthistorisches Institut in Florenz positions itself as a laboratory of basic art-historical research. This includes questions related to the ethics of art history and the relationship between ethics and architecture, and the concern for cultural heritage.
Overview of Research Areas
Department Alessandro Nova
Department Gerhard Wolf
4A_Lab Research Program
Junior Professor Wolf-Dietrich Löhr
Director emeritus Max Seidel
Photothek
Postdoctoral Projects
Staff Projects
The Kunsthistorisches Institut in Florenz issues a range of individual and serial publications, through which it makes its research findings accessible to the public. The Mitteilungen des Kunsthistorischen Institutes in Florenz is one of the oldest and most prestigious art-historical journals worldwide. Research reports provide information about the Institute's activities and about the academic projects of its staff and fellows.
The Kunsthistorisches Institut in Florenz issues a range of individual and serial publications, as well as a specialist journal and research reports, through which it makes its research findings accessible to the public.
German Edition of the 'Vite' of Giorgio Vasari
In its function as archive and work tool, the Library, with its collections and working conditions, forms the most important basis of academic study for members of the Institute and guests. Both historical and current specialist literature from various disciplines is available for consultation by an international community of researchers. With its elaborate cataloguing and indexing system, the Library also makes a significant contribution towards assuring the quality of the research conducted at the institute.
In its function as archive and work tool, the Library with its collections forms the most important basis of academic study. Both historical and current specialist literature is available for consultation.
Scope of Collection
Joint Initiatives
The Photothek is one of the most important collections of documentary photographs of Italian art and architecture. As a research facility and laboratory, it plays a leading role in the international and transdisciplinary debate on the function of photo archives in 21st-century research and societies. Its daily tasks, such as photo campaigns, cataloguing and digitization, are inseparably linked with its scholarly activities. With its projects, conferences, workshops and publications, the Photothek makes an active contribution to the academic life of the Institute.
The Photothek is one of the most important collections of documentary photographs of Italian art. As a research laboratory, it contributes to the international and transdisciplinary debate on the role of photo archives in the 21st century.
About the Photothek
Photography Reference Library
English Deutsch italiano
Dr. Tommaso Mozzati
Associate Scholar
E-Mail: tommaso.mozzati@khi.fi.it
Ricercatore presso l'Università degli Studi di Perugia, insegna Storia dell'Arte Comparata in Europa in Epoca Moderna. Ha pubblicato numerosi contributi dedicati alla scultura italiana del Rinascimento e del Manierismo, consacrati a personalità di primo piano come Desiderio da Settignano, Michelangelo, Leonardo, Giovanfrancesco Rustici, Benvenuto Cellini e Giambologna. È del 2008 la sua monografia "Giovanfrancesco Rustici, le Compagnie del Paiuolo e della Cazzuola", uscita presso la casa editrice L. S. Olschki (nella serie "Studi", promossa dalla Fondazione Carlo Marchi). Si è anche occupato di temi relativi alla pittura bolognese del XVII secolo, in particolare alla produzione della famiglia Carracci e alle dinamiche del mercato d'arte emiliano fra Sei e Settecento. I suoi interessi l'hanno condotto inoltre a indagare temi legati alla cultura figurativa dell'età moderna, come la rappresentazione del Nudo fra Quattro e Cinquecento. Più di recente i suoi studi si sono concentrati su problematiche connesse alla tradizione dei materiali, in particolare investigando la fortuna del bronzo a Firenze fra XV e XVI secolo e l'esportazione di marmi fra la Toscana, la Liguria, la Spagna e la Francia in età rinascimentale. Nel 2008 ha partecipato ad un progetto PRIN, incentrato sui viaggi d'artisti fra Firenze e l'Europa dall'età laurenziana alla Seconda Repubblica fiorentina; ha poi presentato diversi interventi dedicati a queste stesse problematiche in riviste specializzate e colloqui internazionali. È stato un borsista dell'Italian Academy for Advanced Studies della Columbia University (New York) per lo spring semester 2011 e un borsista di Villa I Tatti – The Harvard University Center for Italian Renaissance Studies per l'anno 2011–2012. Nel 2010 ha co-curato la mostra "I grandi bronzi del Battistero. Rustici e Leonardo", presso il Museo nazionale del Bargello (Firenze); nel 2013 ha co-curato l'esposizione "Norma e capriccio. Spagnoli in Italia agli esordi della 'maniera moderna'" alla Galleria degli Uffizi (Firenze).
Rinascimento conteso
Digital Photo Library
50121 Firenze / Italy
80539 München / Germany
Our Newsletter provides you with free information on events, tenders, exhibitions and recent publications from the Kunsthistorisches Institut in Florenz.
If you would like to receive our newsletter, please enter your name and e-mail address:
Notes on the content of the newsletter and transit procedures
This letter is sent via MailChimp, where your e-mail address and name will be saved for sending the newsletter.
Once you have completed the form, you will receive a "Double-Opt-In-E-Mail," in which you are asked to confirm your registration. You can cancel your subscription to the Newsletter at any time ("Opt-out"). You will find an unsubscribe link in every Newsletter and in the Double-Opt-in-E-Mail.
You will receive detailed information about transit procedures and your withdrawal options in our privacy policy.
We found 22 results for Florenz
We use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our website. By continuing to browse, you are accepting our cookie policy.
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0012.json.gz/line1975
|
__label__wiki
| 0.888887
| 0.888887
|
Gingrich: Most GOP Lawmakers Have 'Zero' Ideas On Health Care
Mark Memmott
The former House speaker, who isn't ruling out another bid for the GOP presidential nomination, says his fellow Republicans can't just be negative and "tear down our opponent."
Gingrich Cautions GOP About 'Overreach' On Scandals
"I think we overreached in '98 — how's that for a quote you can use?" the former House speaker says of the Clinton impeachment. Now he tells fellow Republicans that they need to be "calm and factual" as they pursue answers from the Obama administration about the IRS and other scandals.
Bloomberg: Newt Gingrich, Rick Santorum Talked About A 2012 'Unity Ticket'
Bloomberg reports a Santorum strategist wanted Gingrich to announce a joint ticket during a debate. Had that happened, the 2012 race for the presidency could've looked different.
Todd Akin Bets He Still Has A Chance
Alan Greenblatt
The Republican nominee for Senate in Missouri will never stop being asked questions about "legitimate rape." Still, the state is conservative enough to have kept him close with six weeks to go. And now he's been joined on the campaign trail by former House Speaker Newt Gingrich.
The Next Act For Newt Gingrich? It Could Be A TV Talk Show
Padmananda Rama
The former GOP presidential candidate is making news of his own, even while fulfilling his current role as surrogate for Mitt Romney. Could a daytime talk show be next on the list?
On The Trail, Even Republicans Spin Clinton Years Into Gold
Ari Shapiro
In this year's presidential campaign, both parties are trying to use Bill Clinton's presidency to their advantage. Although he's popular and the economy was better then, it could be a risky strategy — because Clinton is not just a symbol.
Enthusiasm For Romney Runs Low In Fla. Panhandle
Debbie Elliott
Many in this bastion of conservative voters still see GOP presidential candidate Mitt Romney as "not my first choice." Still, the prospect of another term for President Obama is likely to motivate conservatives to fall in line behind Romney, observers say.
Plenty Of Gingrich Campaign Memorabilia Left Over
Newt Gingrich officially pulled out of the Republican presidential race Wednesday. So what happens to the leftover T-shirts and campaign buttons?
Gingrich Out Of The Race, But Still In Debt
Peter Overby
The former House speaker said Wednesday that he's suspending his presidential campaign, and he's ready to help the presumptive Republican nominee, Mitt Romney, battle President Obama. But Newt Gingrich might have a more pressing problem: His campaign has about $4 million in debt.
Romney's Praise Of Gingrich Leads Fox Anchor To Call Politics 'Weird, Creepy'
While Mitt Romney was willing to play nice with Newt Gingrich after the latter officially ended his presidential bid, Fox News anchor Shepard Smith was having none of it.
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0012.json.gz/line1977
|
__label__cc
| 0.578403
| 0.421597
|
You'll be logged out of L2P in a couple of minutes.
You should save any unsaved work and reload this page to stay logged in.
You've been logged out of L2P as a security measure.
You'll need to log in again to continue.
We'll send you an email containing a link to reset your password.
This link will only work once and is only valid for 12 hours.
If you're not sure which email address you used to log in to L2P, please contact your administration team and they can let you know which email is linked to your account.
If you no longer work at the organisation which provided you with access to L2P, you can subscribe to continue using L2P as an individual user.
© Copyright 2021 L2P Enterprise Ltd | support@L2P.co.uk | www.L2P.co.uk | Terms and Conditions | Privacy Policy
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0012.json.gz/line1979
|
__label__cc
| 0.526896
| 0.473104
|
How Do I Know When My Milk Is Scalded?
By Fred Decker
undefined undefined/iStock/GettyImages
Older recipes often call for milk to be heated, or "scalded," before it is used in recipes. In the days before pasteurization, this killed potentially dangerous bacteria in milk and made it safer for consumption. Heating changes how milk proteins behave, making it better for use in bread or yogurt. Scalding also intensifies milk's flavor, making it taste richer and creamier.
Stove Top Method
Rinse the bottom of a saucepan with cold water then fill it with the required quantity of milk. Move the pot to your stove and place it on a burner at low to moderate heat.
Heat the milk gently, stirring it frequently with a wooden spoon or silicone spatula. The proteins in the milk have a tendency to cook to the bottom of the pot, where the heat source is, unless they are stirred diligently.
Test the temperature of the milk with an instant-read thermometer once the milk has begun to steam and show small bubbles. Milk is considered to be scalded once it exceeds a temperature of 180 degrees F.
Microwave Method
Select a heat-proof measuring cup that is capable of holding at least twice as much milk as you wish to heat. Fill it to the appropriate level with the milk needed for your recipe.
Microwave the milk at high power for one minute. Stir, and allow the milk to rest for 15 seconds as the temperature equalizes.
Repeat the process, watching the milk carefully through the microwave's window. Depending on the quantity of milk, it will begin to foam up vigorously at some time during or after the second minute.
Remove the milk from the microwave and stir. Test the temperature with an instant-read thermometer. It should read 180 degrees F.
Scalding is seldom necessary in modern cooking and baking because modern milk is already safe through pasteurization. However, it remains helpful in baking bread and making yogurt. Scalding is sometimes called for simply because the recipe requires warmed milk, in which case you are directed to cool the milk before adding it to the other ingredients. It is quicker to warm the milk only to the desired end temperature. Rinsing the bottom of your saucepan with cold water helps prevent the milk proteins from cooking onto the pot.
Monitor your milk closely when using the microwave method. Milk can foam up in seconds to two or three times its original volume, spilling out over the microwave and cooking onto the surfaces. If you leave the room while scalding milk, remove the pot from the heat until you return. Milk will scorch to the bottom of the pot if not stirred regularly. Scorched milk cannot be salvaged and should be discarded, and the scorched-on proteins are extremely difficult to remove from your pot.
"On Food and Cooking: The Science and Lore of the Kitchen"; Harold S. McGee; 2004
"The American Woman's Cookbook, Wartime Victory Edition"; Ruth Berolzheimer (Ed.); 1944
Fred Decker is a trained chef, former restaurateur and prolific freelance writer, with a special interest in all things related to food and nutrition. His work has appeared online on major sites including Livestrong.com, WorkingMother.com and the websites of the Houston Chronicle and San Francisco Chronicle; and offline in Canada's Foodservice & Hospitality magazine and his local daily newspaper. He was educated at Memorial University of Newfoundland and the Northern Alberta Institute of Technology.
How to Scald Milk in the Microwave
How to Steam Milk on the Stovetop
How to Heat Milk in a Coffee Urn
How to Freeze Milk in Glass Bottles
How to Heat Up Milk
How to Make Lactose-free Yogurt
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0012.json.gz/line1985
|
__label__wiki
| 0.731056
| 0.731056
|
How reliable is the credit scoring system?
Credit scoring systems enable creditors to evaluate millions of applicants consistently and impartially on many different characteristics. But to be statistically valid, credit scoring systems must be based on a big enough sample. Remember that these systems generally vary from creditor to creditor.
Although you may think such a system is arbitrary or impersonal, it can help make decisions faster, more accurately, and more impartially than individuals when it is properly designed. And many creditors design their systems so that in marginal cases, applicants whose scores are not high enough to pass easily or are low enough to fail absolutely are referred to a credit manager who decides whether the company or lender will extend credit. This may allow for discussion and negotiation between the credit manager and the consumer.
Company NMLS: 249777
11600 W. Washington Place, #111
loans@abmrealtygroup.com
ABM Realty Group Inc. Accessibility Statement
ABM Realty Group Inc. strives to ensure that its services are accessible to people with disabilities. ABM Realty Group Inc. has invested a significant amount of resources to help ensure that its website is made easier to use and more accessible for people with disabilities, with the strong belief that every person has the right to live with dignity, equality, comfort and independence.
Accessibility on ABM Realty Group Inc. website
ABM Realty Group Inc. makes available the UserWay Website Accessibility Widget that is powered by a dedicated accessibility server. The software allows loansbyabm.com to improve its compliance with the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG 2.1).
ABM Realty Group Inc. accessibility menu can be enabled by clicking the accessibility menu icon that appears on the corner on the page. After triggering the accessibility menu, please wait a moment for the accessibility menu to load in its entirety.
ABM Realty Group Inc. continues its efforts to constantly improve the accessibility of its site and services in the belief that it is our collective moral obligation to allow seamless, accessible and unhindered use also for those of us with disabilities.
Despite our efforts to make all pages and content on ABM Realty Group Inc. website fully accessible, some content may not have yet been fully adapted to the strictest accessibility standards. This may be a result of not having found or identified the most appropriate technological solution.
If you are experiencing difficulty with any content on ABM Realty Group Inc. website or require assistance with any part of our site, please contact us during normal business hours as detailed below and we will be happy to assist.
If you wish to report an accessibility issue, have any questions or need assistance, please contact us by sending an email to: loans@abmrealtygroup.com
This site uses cookies to process your loan application and other features. You may elect not to accept cookies which will keep you from submitting an loan application. By your clicked consent/acceptance you acknowledge and allow the use of cookies. By clicking I Accept you acknowledge you have read and understand ABM Realty Group Inc.'s Privacy Policy.
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0012.json.gz/line1991
|
__label__cc
| 0.744735
| 0.255265
|
Datacapture
Global agreement to optimise shopping centres through Big Data and shopper location analytics
Mar 25, 2015 Datacapture, Retail Ed Holden Comments (0)
The International Council of Shopping Centres (ICSC) has signed a global sponsorship agreement with shopper location analytics company Path Intelligence. This agreement fuses ICSC's established and extensive network and resources with Path Intelligence's vision for the future of shopping malls.
As the retail real estate sphere evolves in the digital age, there is a growing emphasis on the shopping experience and the need to deliver that 'something' that cannot be achieved online. Every decision a shopping center makes – whether it's selecting the next brand for a vacant unit or getting the overall brand mix right; driving tenant performance or arranging a successful promotion – directly contributes to its success in delivering better shopping experiences, and in turn achieving their financial goals.
The world's leading shopping centers now share the same urgent need for insights that will help them provide those experiences. It's an area of significant focus and investment for many of the world's leading property owners.
"We seek to sign sponsors through our global partnership programme that have the potential to significantly enhance the shopping center industry," said Michael Kercheval, ICSC president and CEO. "ICSC believes that the agreement with Path Intelligence will help drive more focus and discussion amongst our industry on the benefits of location analytics, big-data and the progression beyond basic shopper analytics – something that will help keep our industry moving forward."
As Matthew Parker, CEO of Path Intelligence, explains, "The world's best shopping centers deliver a fresh experience to shoppers. They compete for every dollar in a marketplace with increasingly more consumer options than ever before. It is no secret they focus obsessively on getting this right, and starting to gather deep insight into visitor behaviors to continuously tune their offer is paramount. We know collecting and understanding this data can be complex and expensive - that's where we can help. This partnership enables us to share our vision – one where shopping center decisions, big and small, are based on real shopper behaviours. It's where both we and the ICSC believe future success lies."
In 2004, Path Intelligence introduced a revolutionary technology for mapping mobile phones through cellphone signals. Today, Path Intelligence's aggregation of three cellphone signals – cellular, Bluetooth and Wi-Fi – gives them an understanding of shopper behavior that is unachievable anywhere else. By augmenting this data with a wide variety of other data sources, including store sales, parking lot, weather and trade area information, determines not just where shoppers go, but also how long they spend there, what they spend and where they go next – enabling informed decision-making that can optimize tenant protection and drive asset value across entire portfolios.
To further boost their capabilities, Path Intelligence recently announced their decision to develop a big data hub (PI+) to amalgamate data from multiple sources, including customers and partner networks. In addition, Path also announced the development of a new analytics platform (PIX), which will maximise the capabilities of the hub. Both will be launched later this year.
Related Datacapture Articles
Updated Historian software from Rockwell Automation offers faster, more secure data access
PayCargo grows senior management team
Post-Brexit Product Compliance for CE-marked Products - what you need to know
Manufacturing & Logistics IT December Reference Annual 2020
Dakota interview with QE Transport: Paul Bowmaker, Head of Transport, Gateshead Health NHS Foundation Trust
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0012.json.gz/line1992
|
__label__wiki
| 0.729061
| 0.729061
|
Nightingale, The, Kristin Hannah
Художка
Автор: Kristin Hannah
Название: Nightingale, The (Ханна Кристин: Соловей)
Обложка/Формат: Mass Market Paperbound
Поставляется из: США
A #1 New York Times bestseller, Wall Street Journal Best Book of the Year, and soon to be a major motion picture, this unforgettable novel of love and strength in the face of war has enthralled a generation.
With courage, grace, and powerful insight, bestselling author Kristin Hannah captures the epic panorama of World War II and illuminates an intimate part of history seldom seen: the womens war. The Nightingale tells the stories of two sisters, separated by years and experience, by ideals, passion and circumstance, each embarking on her own dangerous path toward survival, love, and freedom in German-occupied, war-torn France-a heartbreakingly beautiful novel that celebrates the resilience of the human spirit and the durability of women.
It is a novel for everyone, a novel for a lifetime.
Goodreads Best Historical Novel of the Year * Peoples Choice Favorite Fiction Winner * #1 Indie Next Selection * A Buzzfeed and The Week Best Book of the Year
Praise for The Nightingale:
Haunting, action-packed, and compelling. -Christina Baker Kline, #1 New York Times bestselling author
Absolutely riveting!...Read this book. -Dr. Miriam Klein Kassenoff, Director of the University of Miami Holocaust Teacher Institute
Beautifully written and richly evocative. -Sara Gruen, #1 New York Times bestselling author
A hauntingly rich WWII novel about courage, brutality, love, survival-and the essence of what makes us human. -Family Circle
A heart-pounding story. -USA Today
An enormous story. Richly satisfying.
I loved it. -Anne Rice
A respectful and absorbing page-turner. -Kirkus Reviews
Tender, compelling...a satisfying slice of life in Nazi-occupied France. -Jewish Book Council
Expect to devour The Nightingale in as few sittings as possible; the high-stakes plot and lovable characters wont allow any rest until all of their fates are known. -Shelf Awareness
I loved The Nightingale. -Lisa See, #1 New York Times bestselling author
Powerful...an unforgettable portrait of love and war. -People
Название: Fly Away
Издательство: Pan Macmillan
Описание: How do you hold yourself together when your world has fallen apart ...
Автор: Hannah Kristin
Название: The Nightingale
France, 1939 - In the quiet village of Carriveau, Vianne Mauriac says goodbye to her husband, Antoine, as he heads for the Front. She doesn't believe that the Nazis will invade France ... but invade they do, in droves of marching soldiers, in caravans of trucks and tanks, in planes that fill the skies and drop bombs upon the innocent. When a German captain requisitions Vianne's home, she and her daughter must live with the enemy or lose everything. Without food or money or hope, as danger escalates all around them, she is forced to make one impossible choice after another to keep her family alive.
Vianne's sister, Isabelle, is a rebellious eighteen-year-old girl, searching for purpose with all the reckless passion of youth. While thousands of Parisians march into the unknown terrors of war, she meets Gaetan, a partisan who believes the French can fight the Nazis from within France, and she falls in love as only the young can ... completely. But when he betrays her, Isabelle joins the Resistance and never looks back, risking her life time and again to save others.
With courage, grace, and powerful insight, bestselling author Kristin Hannah captures the epic panorama of World War II and illuminates an intimate part of history seldom seen: the women's war. The Nightingale tells the stories of two sisters, separated by years and experience, by ideals, passion and circumstance, each embarking on her own dangerous path toward survival, love, and freedom in German-occupied, war-torn France--a heartbreakingly beautiful novel that celebrates the resilience of the human spirit and the durability of women. It is a novel for everyone, a novel for a lifetime.
Goodreads Best Historical Novel of the Year - People's Choice Favorite Fiction Winner - #1 Indie Next Selection - A Buzzfeed and The Week Best Book of the Year
Praise for The Nightingale
"Haunting, action-packed, and compelling." --Christina Baker Kline, #1 New York Times bestselling author
"Absolutely riveting ...Read this book." --Dr. Miriam Klein Kassenoff, Director of the University of Miami Holocaust Teacher Institute
"Beautifully written and richly evocative." --Sara Gruen, #1 New York Times bestselling author
"A hauntingly rich WWII novel about courage, brutality, love, survival--and the essence of what makes us human." --Family Circle
"A heart-pounding story." --USA Today
"An enormous story. Richly satisfying. I loved it." --Anne Rice
"A respectful and absorbing page-turner." --Kirkus Reviews
"Tender, compelling...a satisfying slice of life in Nazi-occupied France." --Jewish Book Council
"Expect to devour The Nightingale in as few sittings as possible; the high-stakes plot and lovable characters won't allow any rest until all of their fates are known." --Shelf Awareness
"I loved The Nightingale." --Lisa See, #1 New York Times bestselling author
"Powerful...an unforgettable portrait of love and war." --People
Название: Magic Hour
In the rugged Pacific Northwest lies the Olympic National Forest—nearly a million acres of impenetrable darkness and impossible beauty. From deep within this old growth forest, a six-year-old girl appears. Speechless and alone, she offers no clue as to her identity, no hint of her past.
Having retreated to her western Washington hometown after a scandal left her career in ruins, child psychiatrist Dr. Julia Cates is determined to free the extraordinary little girl she calls Alice from a prison of unimaginable fear and isolation. To reach her, Julia must discover the truth about Alice’s past—although doing so requires help from Julia’s estranged sister, a local police officer. The shocking facts of Alice’s life test the limits of Julia’s faith and strength, even as she struggles to make a home for Alice—and for herself. In Magic Hour, Kristin Hannah creates one of her most beloved characters, and delivers an incandescent story about the resilience of the human spirit, the triumph of hope, and the meaning of home.
Название: Summer Island
Описание: NEW YORK TIMES BESTSELLER - The author of the cherished bestseller On Mystic Lake returns with a poignant, funny, luminous novel about a mother and daughter--the complex ties that bind them, the past that separates them, and the healing that comes with forgiveness.
" Kristin] Hannah is superb at delving into the characters' psyches and delineating nuances of feeling."--Washington Post Book World
Years ago, Nora Bridge walked out on her marriage and left her daughters behind. She has since become a famous radio talk-show host and newspaper columnist beloved for her moral advice. Her youngest daughter, Ruby, is a struggling comedienne who uses her famous mother as fuel for her bitter, cynical humor. When the tabloids unearth a scandalous secret from Nora's past, their estrangement suddenly becomes dramatic: Nora is injured in an accident and a glossy magazine offers Ruby a fortune to write a tell-all about her mother. Under false pretenses, Ruby returns home to take care of the woman she hasn't spoken to for almost a decade.
Nora insists they retreat to Summer Island in the San Juans, to the lovely old house on the water where Ruby grew up, a place filled with childhood memories of love and joy and belonging. There Ruby is also reunited with her first love and his brother. Once, the three of them had been best friends, inseparable. Until the summer that Nora had left and everyone's hearts had been broken. . . .
What began as an expose evolves, as Ruby writes, into an exploration of her family's past. Nora is not the woman Ruby has hated all these years. Witty, wise, and vulnerable, she is desperate to reconcile with her daughter. As the magazine deadline draws near and Ruby finishes what has begun to seem to her an act of brutal betrayal, she is forced to grow up and at last to look at her mother--and herself--through the eyes of a woman. And she must, finally, allow herself to love.
Summer Island is a beautiful novel, funny, tender, sad, and ultimately triumphant.
Название: The Things We Do for Love
Описание: Years of trying unsuccessfully to conceive a child have broken more than Angie DeSaria's heart. Following a painful divorce, she moves back to her small Pacific Northwest hometown and takes over management of her family's restaurant. In West End, where life rises and falls like the tides, Angie's fortunes will drastically change yet again when she meets and befriends a troubled young woman.
Angie hires Lauren Ribido because she sees something special in the seventeen-year-old. They quickly form a deep bond, and when Lauren is abandoned by her mother, Angie offers the girl a place to stay. But nothing could have prepared Angie for the far-reaching repercussions of this act of kindness. Together, these two women--one who longs for a child and the other who longs for a mother's love--will be tested in ways that neither could have imagined.
Название: Between Sisters
Описание: #1 NEW YORK TIMES BESTSELLER
Years ago, Meghann Dontess made a terrible choice that cost her everything, including the love of her sister, Claire. Now, Meghann is a highly successful attorney who doesn't believe in intimacy-until she meets the one man who can change her mind. Claire Cavenaugh has fallen in love for the first time in her life. As her wedding day approaches, she prepares to face her strong-willed older sister. Reunited after more than two decades apart, these two women who believe they have nothing in common will try to become what they never were: a family. Tender, funny, bittersweet, and moving, Between Sisters skillfully explores the profound joys and sorrows shared by sisters, the mistakes made in the name of love, and the promise of redemption- all beautifully told by acclaimed author Kristin Hannah.
Название: Distant Shores
Описание: In her remarkable "New York Times" bestseller, "Summer Island," Kristin Hannah struck a chord in readers and critics alike with her portrayal of the bittersweet reunion between an errant mother and her unforgiving daughter. Now Hannah once again reveals the fragile ties that bind a family in transition, as two people choose to escape the limits of their ordinary lives and reach for the extraordinary promise that lies on "Distant Shores."
Elizabeth and Jackson Shore married young, raised two daughters, and weathered the storms of youth as they built a future together. But after the children leave home, they quietly drift apart. When Jack accepts a wonderful new job offer, Elizabeth puts her needs aside to follow him across the country. Until the sudden death of her father changes everything.
Grieving and alone, she retreats to an isolated beach house where she packs away the last remnants of her parents’ lives. There, the pieces of a past she never knew unfold to reveal a tender story of lasting devotion, the kind of steadfast commitment that Elizabeth admits is missing from her own marriage. Faced with her own disillusionment, she makes a terrifying decision, risking everything she has for a second chance at happiness.
Enriched by soul-stirring emotion and an appreciation for the simple joy of everyday miracles, "Distant Shores" is an exquisite reminder of the most precious gifts in life: friends and family, children and lovers, the strength to change, and the courage to forgive–all flawlessly captured by the graceful hands of Kristin Hannah.
"From the Hardcover edition."
Years ago, Nora Bridge walked out on her marriage, leaving her daughters behind. Now she is a celebrity talk-show host. Her daughter Ruby is a struggling comedienne. The two haven t spoken in more than a decade. Then a scandal from Nora s past is exposed, and Ruby is offered a fortune to write a tell-all about her mother. Reluctantly she returns to the family house on Summer Island, a home filled with frayed memories of joy and heartache. Confronting a past that includes a never-forgotten love, a sick best friend, and a mother who has harbored terrible family secrets, Ruby finally begins to understand the complex ties that bind a mother and daughter and the healing that comes with forgiveness."
Автор: Hannah, Kristin
Издательство: Transworld Publishers
Описание: When talk-show host Nora is injured in an accident, a glossy magazine offers Ruby a fortune to write a tell-all about her mother. Under false pretences, Ruby returns home to take care of the woman she hasn`t spoken to for almost a decade. Nora insists they retreat to Summer Island in the San Juans.
Название: Angel Falls
Описание: When Mikaela Campbell, beloved wife and mother of two, falls into a coma, it is up to her husband, Liam, to hold the family together, to care for their grieving, frightened children. Day after day, he sits by her bedside, telling stories of the precious life they have built, hoping, always hoping, that she will wake up. Then he discovers evidence of her secret past: a hidden first marriage to Julian True, a man no woman could resist...or forget. Desperate to bring Mikaela back at any cost, Liam turns to the one person who could make her respond--and who could take her out of his arms forever. Angel Falls is a moving portrayal of marriage and commitment, and of an ordinary man who risks everything in the name of love.
Название: On Mystic Lake
Описание: Annie Colwater's husband has just confessed that he's in love with a younger woman. Devastated, Annie retreats to the small town where she grew up. There, she is reunited with her first love, Nick Delacroix, a recent widower who is unable to cope with his silent, emotionally scarred young daughter. Together, the three of them begin to heal. But just when Annie believes she's been given a second chance at happiness, her world is turned upside down again, and she is forced to make a choice that no woman in love should ever have to make.
Описание: New York Times bestselling author Kristin Hannah "touches the deepest, most tender corner of our hearts" (Tami Hoag). Her last novel, Between Sisters, was chosen by CBS's The Early Show as one of the best books of the summer. Now she returns with The Things We Do for Love--a poignant, evocative story that celebrates the magic of motherhood, the joys of coming home, and the price we so willingly pay for love.
The youngest of three daughters, Angela DeSaria Malone was always "the princess" of the family, a girl who thought she knew how her life would unfold. High School. College. Marriage. Motherhood. That was how it had gone for her sisters, her cousins, her friends. But it didn't work out that way for Angie. She and her husband tried desperately to have a child; year after year, their perfectly decorated nursery remained empty. Finally, their marriage collapsed under the weight of lost dreams.
After the divorce, Angie moved back to her hometown and rejoined her loud, loving, slightly crazy family. In West End, a place where life rises and falls in time with the tides, she will find the man who once again will open her heart to love . . . and meet the girl who will change Angie's life.
Lauren Ribido lives in a rundown apartment in a bad part of town with a mother who cares more about her next drink than about her daughter. At seventeen, Lauren knows that her aspirations in life may never come to pass.
From the moment they meet, Angie sees something special in Lauren. They form a quick connection, this woman who is desperate for a daughter and the girl who has never known a mother's love. When Lauren is abandoned by her mother, Angie doesn't hesitate to offer the girl a place to stay.
But nothing could have prepared Angie for the far-reaching repercussions of this act of kindness. In a dramatic turn of events, she and Lauren will be tested in a way that mothers and daughters seldom are. Together they will embark on an intensely moving, deeply emotional journey to the very heart of what it means to be a family.
From the Hardcover edition.
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0012.json.gz/line1993
|
__label__wiki
| 0.668192
| 0.668192
|
Strikes, class cancellations draw ire from students, staff
BCIT staff gather to discuss the ongoing strike action. Courtesy of Paul Dyson / FSA
The Link asks students, instructors how they feel about job action on campus
Instructors and support staff are not the only stakeholders in the job action that has taken place on all BCIT campuses recently.
The Link spoke with some other affected parties including students, teachers, and the representatives of institutions about the job action, and found that there are mixed feelings about the way action is being taken, as well as union demands.
Marketing instructor Tracey Renzullo told The Link that she does not believe picketing is an effective means of getting the attention of the provincial government. She does, however, have ideas that she believes might be more helpful to the cause.
“Perhaps sending hundreds of union members to Victoria may be effective,” said Renzullo, who believes there is also an opportunity to effectively strike through social media.
“You may recall that social media organized a revolution in Egypt,” she continued. “It can help to capture the attention of the local media and the provincial government.”
Renzullo adds that the decision for faculty and staff to strike or not is a sensitive one, and that the choices each individual member has made are a sensitive discussion. Regardless, she says it is a very uncertain and stressful time.
“I’m a single mother with three children, so the uncertainty around the strike has caused some anxiety,” said Renzullo. “My focus continues to be on delivering course content to the students.”
Some students at BCIT are more severely affected by the strike action, leading to more class cancellations than others.
Students in BCIT’s industrial instrumentation program attend classes ten weeks per year, at the end of which the British Columbia Industry Training Authority (ITA) issues the accreditation of apprentice, allowing them to move forward in the process.
However, with the cancellation of a few classes, or sometimes even just one, there is a strong possibility that students will not be granted program completion.
“There is a ton at stake for all of us here,” second-year industrial instrumentation student Aaron Reid told The Link.
“Our program is so condensed that missing a few days of school for us is like missing a few weeks for students in other programs.”
First-year journalism student Dianne Bankay believes that in order to avoid having final exam dates affected by the strike action, students need to raise their voices.
Bankay wrote a letter to BC Finance Minister Mike de Jong and created a petition, which she distributed to her fellow students.
“Through no fault of our own, we are not getting what we paid for,” said Bankay in her letter. “Unlike university programs, students at BCIT are in constant contact with our teachers; when we cannot access them our education suffers, to say nothing of the added stress of random class cancellations.”[hr]
By Neetu Garcha
2012, BCGEU, FSA, ISSUE 7, November 28, November 28 2012, Strike, Vol 48
Neetu was born and raised in the Okanagan Valley (minus the few toddler years she spent living in Punjab, India where her line of heritage is from). She moved to the lower mainland to attend BCIT and is now in her graduating year of the Broadcast and Online Journalism Program. Her writing and editing for Link magazine often happens late at night because when she's not at school she works as a reporter and anchor for CKNW Newstalk 980 and is also involved in the start up of a charity called the Beautiful World Foundation. She loves to travel and feels fortunate to be in a field where she can share the stories of interesting and inspiring people from around the world.
Neetu Garcha
neetu@linknewspaper.ca
Comic: Top Down
Art of the Sailor leaves its mark on Vancouver
Showtime is over for the Apollo Ghosts
By Thomas Molander
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0012.json.gz/line1997
|
__label__cc
| 0.622952
| 0.377048
|
Tuis > Menings > Seminare en essays
#ANC54: Cyril the Silent
Hans Pienaar Seminare en essays 2017-12-19
Cyril Ramaphosa (source: YouTube)
Cyril Ramaphosa’s ascent to the presidency of party and most probably country is either the story of a master politician and exceptional Renaissance man or that of the cynical compromise of a kleptocratic elite that believes that its best chance to fix its image problem is to be fronted in the globalised economy by a Cyril the Silent, a lame-duck president who has learnt he’ll survive only by keeping his mouth shut about the smallyana skeletons of his fellow comrades in the cupboards of patronage. Only time will tell.
For now it’s business as usual for the captured state. Ramaphosa will have to tread softly at least until the 2019 elections. It is my guess the ANC will emerge from that more or less intact, the losses it will shed to the EFF made up by the gains of returnees to the liberation movement from the DA. What is also possible is that behind the scenes he will be able to persuade the beneficiaries of patronage that ultimately they will be losing out if their pursuit of largesse through Zuma’s follies, nuclear and feeless campuses leave the cupboard bare. There is even a best-case scenario in which he and Nkosazana Dlamini-Zuma – who will potentially keep playing an outsized part in the party after her 2 200 votes – find each other in the necessity at least to bring some rationality to patronage.
Patronage – unfortunately for the neoliberal elite, fortunately for the dependants of black tax – will not be rolled back, not in the next two years, and possibly not during Ramaphosa’s first term as president of South Africa. The patronage system’s roots go far deeper than Zuma’s aid to cigarette tax evaders. These roots can be found in the establishment of the colonial Department of Native Affairs 90 years ago in 1927, when the British Crown became the “big chief”, the patron of every black person in the country, henceforth to be ruled in dictatorial fashion by the governor-general and his fascist agents in the locations.
After formal colonialism, in the post-colonies of the homelands, the foundations of today’s developmental state were laid on which contemporary black economic empowerment and the new black triumphalist racism built the patronage state. Through 23 years of radical economic transformation, homeland-accumulated capital has turned into black monopoly capital and the socialism of social grants and traditional authorities.
The good news is that in Cyril Ramaphosa we have a tenacious master of alternatives, a genius of negotiation. His best bet is probably to turn his back on the party, remain Cyril the Silent as far as it is concerned. The Constitution does allow him to establish an independent presidency, one able to begin implementing his democratically devised National Development Plan. If he acknowledges that his rise to power would have been impossible without the institutions of our liberal democracy – the various watchdogs, the free press, the guilty whiteness – and uses them as some of the pillars of this independent presidency, we might even hope for a new golden age in the distant future.
Also read: #ANC54: Hoe nou vorentoe?
Also read: #ANC54: Cyril Ramaphosa is die nuwe leier van die ANC
Also read: #ANC54: Gifbeker voor die triomf
Also read: #ANC54: 'n Hele halwe heling
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0012.json.gz/line1998
|
__label__wiki
| 0.615029
| 0.615029
|
Spanish Almonds
Californian Shelled Walnuts
Desiccated Coconut
Seed Variety
Mango Chunks
Apple Wedges
The symbol of the South Seas, palms and beaches was being grown specifically for production as early as 1642 by Spanish settlers in the Philippines. The Philippines remains the largest producer of coconuts to this day, alongside other export countries like Sri Lanka, Malaysia and Indonesia. Coconuts are also produced on a smaller scale in Côte d’Ivoire and the Fiji Islands.
To produce desiccated coconut the shells are removed after the harvest and the flesh of the fruit is then washed, shredded, pasteurised and dried. It’s not just home bakers that swear by the refreshing taste of desiccated coconut, as this fruit has also become an indispensable ingredient for the confectionery industry.
1 serving (25 g)
2,809 kJ
of which sugar
of which saturated fatty acid
* GDA recommended daily intake
(The values are based on a daily nutritional intake of 2,000 kcal – source CIAA)
Desiccated Coconut · 200 g
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0012.json.gz/line2003
|
__label__cc
| 0.618758
| 0.381242
|
COVID-19 Information: For the latest updates and resources, please visit Loyola's COVID-19 Response website
Rankings and Accolades
Our Loyola Community
Value of a Loyola Degree
Service and Social Justice
Religious and Spiritual Life
Fitness and Activities
Baltimore Information
“Your story is yours.”
Loyola Magazine
Meet a Loyola grad breaking down barriers as an accountant and modest/Hijabi fashionista
Abby Vitaliano, ’17 B.A. Communication
Core tax accountant by day, famous fashion blogger by night.
Such is the life of Hanyeh Khoshnevisan, ’12, a CPA Senior Tax Associate at PricewaterhouseCoopers in Philadelphia who is better known to her nearly 45,000 followers (and that’s just on Instagram) as modest fashionista Hani Hulu.
Born in Iran and raised in Michigan, Khoshnevisan studied accounting and information systems at Loyola. Outside of the classroom, she was a resident assistant and an active member of ALANA Services, participating in their events and programs.
Khoshnevisan credits her experience as an RA with providing her the leadership and team building skills she utilizes in her everyday work at PwC. With the ability to foster strong client relationships, she said these skills allowed her to her stand out among her peers early on, as a first-year associate.
Khoshnevisan’s love and talent for blogging also started at Loyola. During her senior year she decided to showcase her passion for fashion, and specifically Hijabi fashion, and create something bigger. From that point on, she has been growing the Hani Hulu brand and her following.
Khoshnevisan spoke with Loyola magazine about her two passions—finance and fashion—and why it’s important to her as a Muslim woman to inspire others to embrace their personal style and express themselves.
What is it like to work in two very different worlds?
It’s been funny working in two very different industries. When my coworkers at PwC find out about my blog, they’re always surprised. I think they’re such opposite worlds, but goes to show that people can have many different interests.
What has been it like, creating Hani Hulu?
It’s kind of crazy to think I have my own brand, but that is truly what blogging does for you. It’s a lot of fun to share my style with the world, and to see that a lot of people like it and are inspired by it. I try to keep focus and not lose who I am just for the ‘fame’ and attention I get from blogging. I like to stay true to my style, and I consciously keep that in mind while building my brand.
Your social media following is, in part, thanks to your incredible portrait photography. How do you find the perfect backdrops for your Instagram photos?
When I’m traveling, I look up the best spots to visit in the location I’m going to. Otherwise, I just take pictures as I’m going about my day and as I see something I like. For me, blogging is unfortunately second to my career, therefore I can’t put as much time and effort into it as I would like to. Depending on the outfit I’m wearing, I’ll pick places to take pictures that won’t take away from the outfit, but that complement it.
Do you ever get noticed/recognized when you’re in public?
I have been recognized in public, and it’s always so awkward for me. It’s cool and awkward at the same time. I don’t feel like I’m a celebrity, so whenever someone comes up to me and asks if I’m Hani Hulu, I usually just get shy and say yes… and then tell them to not be so excited cause I’m just a normal girl.
How do you balance your career at PwC and your work as Hani Hulu?
Although I consider fashion and lifestyle blogging a hobby, it is definitely like a second job. It requires a lot of time and effort to plan outfits and to go out and take pictures. Some weekends, I’ll have to cram a few photo shoots into a single day, because I know I won’t have time for a few days or weeks. Keeping up with social media and blogging is so important to stay relevant.
During our busy season at PwC, in January and February, I am working an easy 60 hours a week and through the weekends. I never have time to take pictures or post. But PwC is my career and it pays my bills and funds my blogging (OK, shopping) addiction, and therefore I have to focus there when I need to. It’s difficult to manage at times, but it’s important to me to maintain both aspects, as they make who I am.
You mention in your blog that you “live my life breaking stereotypes, as I think many Muslim women do.”
I like to think I prove that Muslim women can be more than just a housewife or come second to their husbands, as media sometimes portrays. When I interviewed at PwC, the interviewer told me I broke stereotypes for him. He didn’t say exactly why, but I think Muslim women are often misunderstood and not always portrayed in a way that reflects our full potential, and so people have certain expectations.
On the contrary, we are very well accomplished women with great careers, ambitions, and the drive and motivation to do many things, and being Muslim or wearing the headscarf doesn’t stop us. When I tell my coworkers I have a fashion blog with a big following, it’s quite surprising to them, and then they gain interest and ask more questions. I think if I can get people to ask more questions and learn more about Muslims, I’ve done my job.
What advice do you have for anyone who is pursuing a career in fashion blogging, or in the competitive industry of corporate finance?
I would say never give up, and never compare yourself to others. There will always be other people out there who are, in your eyes, doing better than you are, But your story is different. It’s yours. And you should stay true to yourself and persevere. You will touch your audience in a different way, and it’s important to never give up.
Finance concentration
Sellinger Scholars
Course Snapshot
Exploring IS 360: Management of Global IT
Timonium Graduate Center
Columbia Graduate Center
8890 McGaw Road
Follow Loyola
Visit Loyola on Facebook
Visit Loyola on Twitter
Visit Loyola on Instagram
Visit Loyola on YouTube
Visit Loyola on LinkedIn
Clinical Centers
Work at Loyola
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0012.json.gz/line2008
|
__label__wiki
| 0.785433
| 0.785433
|
Margaret Anne Doody (15)
Hilary Mantel (8)
Anne Diebel (5)
Adam Shatz (4)
Joanna Biggs (4)
John Mullan (4)
Marina Warner (4)
Nicholas Spice (4)
Patrick Collinson (4)
Anne Sofer (3)
Anne Summers (3)
Barbara Newman (3)
Bee Wilson (3)
David Runciman (3)
Dinah Birch (3)
Douglas Johnson (3)
Elaine Showalter (3)
Frank Kermode (3)
John Barrell (3)
John Kerrigan (3)
Nicholas Penny (3)
Ruth Bernard Yeazell (3)
Stephanie Burt (3)
Thomas Keymer (3)
A.D. Nuttall (2)
Andrew Saint (2)
Anne Wagner (2)
Anthony Pagden (2)
Eamon Duffy (2)
Graham Hough (2)
James Wood (2)
Marilyn Butler (2)
Michael Newton (2)
Nick Richardson (2)
Norma Clarke (2)
Pankaj Mishra (2)
Pat Rogers (2)
Patrick Parrinder (2)
Paul Addison (2)
Peter Campbell (2)
Robert Blake (2)
Stephen Sedley (2)
Tessa Hadley (2)
Tom Nairn (2)
Tom Paulin (2)
Walter Nash (2)
Ahdaf Soueif (1)
Alan Hollinghurst (1)
Alan Ryan (1)
Alasdair MacIntyre (1)
Alastair Logan (1)
Alexandra Walsham (1)
Alison Light (1)
Andrew Sugden (1)
Ange Mlinko (1)
Angus Calder (1)
Anthony Grafton (1)
Anthony Thwaite (1)
Arthur C. Danto (1)
Anne Tedeschi (3)
Carlo Ginzburg (3)
Jayne Anne Phillips (3)
John Tedeschi (3)
Robert Lowell (3)
Alastair Fowler (2)
Anne Chisholm (2)
Anne Olivier Bell (2)
Anne Salmond (2)
Anne Sebba (2)
Anne Taylor (2)
Anthony Holden (2)
Antonia Fraser (2)
Colin McDowell (2)
Diarmaid MacCulloch (2)
Eleanor Brock (2)
Euan Cameron (2)
Fredric Jameson (2)
Isobel Grundy (2)
J.C.D. Clark (2)
Jeffrey Meyers (2)
John Matthews (2)
Marc Shell (2)
Michael Brock (2)
Michael Jones (2)
Mieke Bal (2)
Nicholson Baker (2)
P.N. Furbank (2)
Patrick Leigh Fermor (2)
Robert Giroux (2)
Roy Foster (2)
Roy Porter (2)
Saskia Hamilton (2)
Simone de Beauvoir (2)
Virginia Woolf (2)
W.R. Owens (2)
A.B. Yehoshua (1)
A.C. Elias (1)
A.E. Stallings (1)
A.L. Barker (1)
Abdulaziz Al-Sudairi (1)
Abigail Williams (1)
Adrian Tinniswood (1)
Agnes DeMille (1)
Agnes Owens (1)
Aileen Ribeiro (1)
Alan Bray (1)
Alan Brinkley (1)
Alan Macfarlane (1)
Alan Pryce-Jones (1)
Alan Sheridan (1)
Alan Sillitoe (1)
Alastair Campbell (1)
Alfred Birnbaum (1)
Alice Wakely (1)
Alison Kinney (1)
Alistair Fox (1)
Alistair McMillan (1)
Allan Massie (1)
Amanda Hemingway (1)
Amanda Knox (1)
Amanda Prantera (1)
Amos Oz (1)
Amy Lawrence (1)
Anatoli Rybakov (1)
Andrei Bitov (1)
Andrew McNeillie (1)
Andrew Morton (1)
André Green (1)
Andy Martin (1)
Angela Bourke (1)
Angela Smallwood (1)
Angelica Garnett (1)
Angus Davidson (1)
Anita Kermode (1)
Ann Beattie (1)
Ann Dally (1)
Ann Goldstein (1)
Ann Jessie van Sant (1)
Ann Saddlemyer (1)
Anne Applebaum (1)
Anne Born (1)
Anne Carter (1)
Literature & Criticism (185)
History & Classics (122)
Psychology & Anthropology (25)
Barbara Taylor: My Mennonite Conversion, 2 June 2005
A Complicated Kindness
by Miriam Toews.
Faber, 246 pp., £7.99, June 2005, 0 571 22400 8Show More
“... than its antecedents, Reformation Mennonism was a sternly dissentient creed, loathed by Protestant power-brokers, but its puritan radicalism soon eroded into defensive conservatism. Modern Mennonism, like most Protestant confessions, is sharply divided between hardcore traditionalists and liberal modernisers – although to describe any brand of Mennonism as ...”
Anthony Thwaite, 26 October 1989
Bitter Fame: A Life of Sylvia Plath
by Anne Stevenson.
Viking, 413 pp., £15.95, October 1989, 0 670 81854 2Show More
“... end it makes me think that the body was governing the mind. The rehearsal of all this is painful. Anne Stevenson, against the odds, has written a decent and intelligent book. It is certainly the best book on Sylvia Plath so far – and it isn’t graceless to point out that most of the earlier books have been conspicuously unsatisfactory. But Bitter ...”
Grubbling
Dinah Birch: Anne Lister, 21 January 1999
Female Fortune: Land, Gender and Authority. The Anne Lister Diaries and Other Writings 1833-36
edited by Jill Liddington.
Rivers Oram, 298 pp., £30, September 1998, 1 85489 088 3Show More
“... Anne Lister was undoubtedly one of the most unorthodox women of the early 19th century. She was an active and entirely unashamed lesbian, a scholar, a dauntless traveller and a resourceful businesswoman. As an example of what female tenacity could achieve in the pre-Victorian period, she might be seen as a fortifying ideal ...”
The Death of a Poet
Penelope Fitzgerald: Charlotte Mew, 23 May 2002
“... 1984 – and will be reissued this summer. In 1927 Charlotte Mew was 58 and living with her sister Anne, a decorative painter, at the Hogarth Studios near Tottenham Court Road. Alida was Harold Monro’s wife, and a friend to both Mew sisters. Sydney Cockerell was the director of the Fitzwilliam Museum. Evelyn Millard had become a friend of ...”
Complete Internal Collapse
Malcolm Vale: Agincourt, 19 May 2016
The Hundred Years War, Vol. IV: Cursed Kings
by Jonathan Sumption.
Faber, 909 pp., £40, August 2015, 978 0 571 27454 3Show More
by Anne Curry.
Oxford, 272 pp., £18.99, August 2015, 978 0 19 968101 3Show More
The Battle of Agincourt
edited by Anne Curry and Malcolm Mercer.
Yale, 344 pp., £30, October 2015, 978 0 300 21430 7Show More
24 Hours at Agincourt: 25 October 1415
by Michael Jones.
W.H. Allen, 352 pp., £20, September 2015, 978 0 7535 5545 3Show More
Agincourt: Henry V, the Man-at-Arms and the Archer
by W.B. Bartlett.
Amberley, 447 pp., £20, September 2015, 978 1 4456 3949 9Show More
“... field. The ‘new’ political and (to a lesser degree) diplomatic history, seen as the study of power, conflict resolution and sources of authority (le pouvoir and les pouvoirs); the history of state formation and the ‘polity’; recent work on violence, the emotions, faction and rebellion; recent currents in intellectual and gender history – these are ...”
Break their teeth, O God
Colin Kidd: The Trial of Sacheverell, 21 August 2014
Faction Displayed: Reconsidering the Impeachment of Dr Henry Sacheverell
edited by Mark Knights.
Wiley-Blackwell, 132 pp., £19.99, February 2012, 978 1 4443 6187 2Show More
The State Trial of Doctor Henry Sacheverell
edited by Brian Cowan.
Wiley-Blackwell, 307 pp., £22.99, November 2012, 978 1 4443 3223 0Show More
“... line whose direct descendants have reigned since the death of the last Stuart monarch, Queen Anne, in 1714; and England had been united with Scotland as the Kingdom of Great Britain in the Union of 1707. Notwithstanding various important extensions after 1832, which widened the electoral franchise, and several additional embellishments, the foundations ...”
Why the richest woman in Britain changed her will 26 times
Mark Kishlansky: The Duchess of Marlborough, 14 November 2002
The Favourite: Sarah, Duchess of Marlborough
by Ophelia Field.
Hodder, 575 pp., £20, June 2002, 9780340768075Show More
“... the Year 1710 was a none too subtle attempt at vindicating her brief period as favourite to Queen Anne, justifying her personal and political roles, refuting slanders against her and her warrior husband, and defaming her enemies, both dead and alive. Through their numerous recensions, Sarah’s memoirs became more rather than less embittered. The slights she ...”
Graham Hough, 18 September 1980
Nuns and Soldiers
by Iris Murdoch.
Chatto, 505 pp., £6.50, September 1980, 0 7011 2519 5Show More
by Stefan Heym.
Hodder, 315 pp., £7.95, August 1980, 0 340 25721 0Show More
An Inch of Fortune
by Simon Raven.
Blond and Briggs, 176 pp., £5.95, June 1980, 0 85634 108 8Show More
Virgin Kisses
by Gloria Nagy.
Penguin, 221 pp., £1.25, July 1980, 0 14 005506 1Show More
“... cultivated, public-spirited persons for the rest of time. But Iris Murdoch’s writing has the power to engage the reader in its conflicts, even without the pleasures of recognition or sympathy; and though they are slow in developing, the conflicts are not absent. There are lengthy annexes and excursions that gradually become folded into the main ...”
Noticing and Not Noticing
John Mullan: Consciousness in Austen, 20 November 2014
The Hidden Jane Austen
by John Wiltshire.
Cambridge, 195 pp., £17.99, April 2014, 978 1 107 64364 2Show More
“... Captain Wentworth acknowledges this when, in the happy afterglow of declaring himself to Anne and being accepted, he explains his past behaviour to her. He tells her that, in the eight years since she was persuaded to reject his first proposal of marriage, ‘he had been constant unconsciously, nay unintentionally; that he had meant to forget ...”
John Bayley, 20 December 1990
Emily Brontë: A Chainless Soul
by Katherine Frank.
Hamish Hamilton, 303 pp., £14.99, November 1990, 9780241121993Show More
“... or nothing at all? ‘Love I laugh to scorn,’ says one of Emily’s poems, and the ‘strange power’ longed for in another is the power of, and for, annihilation. Neither God nor love is in question, but food, or the absence of it, is: a substance both obsessive and despised. Heathcliff is the tyrant of the ...”
Was Carmen brainwashed?
Patrick Parrinder, 5 December 1985
by Alan Sillitoe.
Granada, 517 pp., £8.95, October 1985, 0 246 12709 0Show More
Men and Angels
by Mary Gordon.
Cape, 239 pp., £8.95, October 1985, 0 224 02998 3Show More
Heavenly Deception
by Maggie Brooks.
Chatto, 299 pp., £8.95, October 1985, 9780701128647Show More
by Ann Beattie.
Joseph, 247 pp., £9.95, October 1985, 0 7181 2609 2Show More
“... Puritan female, and from voyageur fiction to a novel whose central metaphor is that of the voyeur. Anne Foster, an underemployed art historian and mother of two, decides on a nine-month separation from her husband in order for both to pursue their careers. Anne stays on with the children in Selby, Massachusetts, a town which ...”
Nicholas Spice, 17 May 1984
Present Times
by David Storey.
Cape, 270 pp., £8.95, May 1984, 0 224 02188 5Show More
The Uses of Fiction: Essays on the Modern Novel in Honour of Arnold Kettle
edited by Douglas Jefferson and Graham Martin.
Open University, 296 pp., £15, December 1982, 9780335101818Show More
The Hawthorn Goddess
by Glyn Hughes.
Chatto, 232 pp., £8.95, April 1984, 0 7011 2818 6Show More
“... man or a woman, you will hear these dialogues differently. Nevertheless, the balance of narrative power in Present Times is by no means evenly distributed. Attercliffe is the only character present in every scene of the book and the only character privileged to observe and reflect upon his surroundings. Apparently, this gives him a major advantage in ...”
Royal Classic Knitwear
Margaret Anne Doody: Iris and Laura, 5 October 2000
by Margaret Atwood.
Bloomsbury, 521 pp., £16.99, September 2000, 0 7475 4937 0Show More
“... grew up the daughters of a conscientious manufacturer who had inherited the estate, wealth and power of a successful Victorian enterprise in a typical well-to-do Ontario town called Port Ticonderoga. The Chase family wealth was based on buttons. (There is a hidden gibe here at Henry James, who in The Ambassadors would not let Strether tell us what was the ...”
Tatchell’s Testament
Anne Sofer, 22 December 1983
The Battle for Bermondsey
by Peter Tatchell.
Heretic Books, 170 pp., £7.95, October 1983, 0 946097 11 9Show More
“... goodies spend all their time in the ‘forefront of community struggles’: the baddies have their power base among the ‘right-wing Catholic dockers’ and are intent on ‘selling the local community down the river’. They are a ‘handful of right-wingers’ who ‘ruthlessly manipulate the rules’, ‘turn their backs on socialist principles’ and ...”
At Tate Britain
Anne Wagner: ‘Salt and Silver’, 21 May 2015
“... of the screen. The picture snapped with a mobile may be charged with immediacy, but it lacks the power to reflect on the world it so eagerly, even promiscuously records. Or is it that the world ‘out there’ has somehow become invisible, little more than a background to the self? Salt and Silver catalyses such reflections. Oddly enough, after each of my ...”
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0012.json.gz/line2009
|
__label__cc
| 0.656548
| 0.343452
|
The Current Voter Registration is in a Mess
Columns The Current Voter Registration is in a Mess
By Charles Kakoma, UPND Spokesman.
Many people are disappointed and upset with the current voters registration exercise. After visiting many registration centres, I met a lot of people who were angry with the way the voters registration exercise was being conducted.
A lot of people had spent long hours on the queues to get a voter’s card. Others had been queueing as early as 03.00 hours but had not been served by 18.00 hours. The slow pace at which the voters registration exercise is being conducted is just irritating. But what caused this mess?
A review of the voters registration programme indicates that the Electoral Commission of Zambia (ECZ) planned to conduct the voters registration exercise a long time ago. They sat down and decided to do away with the old register and introduce a new register incorporating a biometric system. They planned to capture 9 million voters in 30 days. In their meeting, they planned to employ staff, purchase biometric machines, computers, printers, laminating machines, ink, gensets and other materials to enable them achieve their target of registering 9 million voters. So, what has gone wrong?
From the outset when the ECZ announced the programme to register 9 million voters in 30 days, many stakeholders raised concerns or rejected the plan. It was seen as unrealistic and at worst suspected to be a scheme to rig the 2021 presidential and general elections.
The stakeholders argued that there was no need to do away with the old register. What was needed was to update the register to include first-time voters who had just obtained their green National Registration Cards and delete dead people from the register. The ECZ refused with arrogance to listen to the stakeholders and proceeded with the exercise to register 9 million voters in 30 days.
We are now told that since the exercise started two weeks ago, only 1 million people have been registered out of the targeted 9 million voters. At this pace, only about 2 million voters will be registered at the end of one month.
But where did the ECZ, a government institution, get the strength and arrogance to push for a new voters register? The reasonable suspicion is that they were being backed by powerful forces in the ruling party and the government. But what was the interest of these powerful forces to push for a new register?
A review of information which is already in public domain suggests that the ruling party was scared of losing the 2021 elections if the current voters in the register are allowed to vote . The scheme was, therefore, to disfranchise some voters in the perceived opposition strongholds in order to reduce presidential votes for the opposition candidate(s).
This scheme appeared to be well coordinated with the issuance of national registration cards , which was also chaotic and aimed at denying people in opposition strongholds to obtain National Registration Cards. Without national registration cards, the opposition supporters will not be able to obtain voters cards. To date, many people in opposition strongholds have not been able to obtain national registration cards because either the registration officers did not reach these areas or the materials ran out. Meanwhile, the registration officers managed to reach and register people in far flung areas in the so called ruling party strongholds in order to have an in-built majority in the voting system. It is also suspected that some foreigners and under age people were given multiple National registration cards in order to obtain many voters cards to enable them vote many times.
The scheme and organised confusion in the national registration cards exercise is being replicated in the voters registration exercise.
The slow pace at which the voters registration exercise is being conducted is deliberate and was planned. It was planned because the ECZ, working with government, knew how many polling stations the country had and should have bought enough biometric equipment, laminating machines, computers, gensets , ink and other materials to undertake the exercise. But they bought inadequate equipment and materials deliberately. They also provided inadequate staff to man the exercise. Instead of four or five registration officers manning the centre, only one officer in many cases is running the show. What was the motive?
Despite the ECZ knowing how many polling stations the country had, they planned to conduct the exercise only in selected polling stations they placed in phase one to be done in 7 days only instead of the 30 days they had announced. The other polling stations were left out to be considered in other phases. Strictly speaking, the voters registration exercise is not being conducted in each polling station. This has created problems for the voters especially in rural areas where polling stations are several kilometres apart. Some people have to walk the whole day to the nearest voters registration centre. In many cases, they discover that the registration centre is closed because it is placed in another phase of the registration exercise. Due to poor publicity by the ECZ, most voters do not know which designated registration centre is open. Even the location of the registration centre is a challenge as not every polling station is a registration centre.
The slow pace of the voters registration exercise is creating challenges for the working class, marketeers, students , peasant farmers and many people who work with time and deadlines. For workers, they are finding it difficult to get permission from employers nearly every day to go and register as a voter because they failed to be attended to by registration officers the previous day . For marketeers, bus drivers, taxi drivers, small shop owners and street vendors, time is money. They cannot spend the whole day or many days queueing up to get a voters card . How will they feed their children after losing the day’s income?
For peasant farmers, the rains have come and are finding it difficult to miss days in the field to get a voters card.For students, most of them turned up to get voters cards outside the schooling hours at the weekend. If they miss getting the voters cards at the weekend, what time do they have during the working days to get voters cards?
It is really mind boggling that the ECZ could plan to conduct the voters registration exercise and purchase malfunctioning machines to undertake the exercise without testing them. Who authorised the purchase of these faulty machines? Why were the machines not tested before being deployed in the field?
I received a call from Zambezi District in the North Western Province that the ECZ had run out of ink after only registering 35 voters on the first day of the exercise. How did the ECZ dispatch officers from Lusaka to Zambezi, a distance of 1,200 kilometres which is almost the same distance from Lusaka to Johannesburg, with ink to last one day when they knew that the officers will be out for 30 days? The situation where ink and other materials are running out is not peculiar to Zambezi. It is widespread. How and why?
We have also received reports of the exercise being disrupted by Zesco load shedding despite ECZ buying gensets. Is it true that the gensets procured by ECZ were faulty?
In order to mitigate the slow pace of the exercise, the ECZ decided to extend the registration time into the night. These are desperate measures. The ideal situation was to extend the period of registration for people to register properly during day time. During the night, a lot of things happen. People living in the compounds are finding it difficult to book taxis due to lack of public transport in the night. Security is also a problem in the night. In any case, if it is already a problem to monitor the voters registration exercise during the day, what about during the night?
The voters registration exercise was a grand scheme designed to assist the ruling party to win the 2021 election. Although the planning appeared to fit in the scheme of things, the implementation has boomeranged. Like many other evil schemes we have witnessed in Zambia, the chaotic voters registration exercise will fail to achieve its intended objectives. We saw the ruling party pushing very hard for the Constitutional ( Amendment) Bill 10. It flopped in Parliament. We witnessed the gassing of citizens which some evil people wanted to implicate the UPND in order to arrest its leaders. The gassing scheme withered away without any arrests of the gassers and without any explanation from the government. We saw the setting ablaze of markets to try to implicate the UPND and its leaders. The matter has been hashed up with no explanation from government.
Similarly, we are seeing the chaotic voters registration exercise being implemented in order to disadvantage the opposition. We are praying very hard that the evil plan “goes back to the sender”.
We would like to appeal to all well meaning Zambians to die a little and obtain a voters registration card. For all the sweating under the hot weather, for all the hunger and thirst experienced in long queues at registration centres and for all the inconvenience caused to the voters , someone has to be taught a lesson for taking the people for granted.
For all the poverty the PF government has subjected Zambians to; for all the corruption and plunder of the country’s resources; for all the unemployment the young people are subjected to; for all the deaths Zambians are experiencing due to poor health services; for all the poor education polices resulting in children not going to school and for all the hunger arising from failure by people to put food on the table, the PF must go.
Previous articleShepolopolo Depart For Chile
Next articleSpeaker urges MPs to be ambassadors of peace
Ayatollah November 25, 2020 At 7:47 am
Is this the UPND manifesto? You don’t need to repeat the same thing every day. Those of us that have registered have already overcome this minor setback.
wangling November 25, 2020 At 8:09 am
U ARE COLLECT SIR
Oldi November 25, 2020 At 8:34 am
Upnd plz find another spokesperson. This one repels people because of his shallowness of thought.
Zambian Citizen November 25, 2020 At 8:38 am
Always ready to criticize and attack. Remind us of your policies on education, health, energy, etc sir…
Chitutuma. November 25, 2020 At 8:52 am
Dunderhead upnd Kakoma, for you everything has to be classified negative? There’s no such a scenario in life.
Kaizar Zulu November 25, 2020 At 10:04 am
I had a great day with my son yesterday. What did everyone here do ?
Ayatollah November 25, 2020 At 1:36 pm
@KZ, that’s great! Did you show him his stepmothers? Ba mbumba za KZ?
@KZ, that’s great! Did you show him his stepmothers as well? Ba mbumba za KZ?
Collins Teembo November 25, 2020 At 4:45 pm
Albert Einstein once said; “We can’t solve problems by using the same kind of thinking we used when we created them.”
Francis of Assisi said, “Start by doing what’s necessary; then do what’s possible; and suddenly you are doing the impossible.”
Every person has one brain. So therefore it is difficult for the same brain to maneuver itself
Dee November 25, 2020 At 7:23 pm
If there is a party that is full of stu.pid and shallow is in upnd, these are useless, It’s a pity Zambians do forget easily. Upnd went to court to complain over the voters register. What the ECZ is doing is addressing the very concerns that ba under5 raised. I can’t understand ba under5 this sat.anic party i not know…it’s demo.ns and the majority in upnd need deliverance starting with hh
THE Medical for Quality Healthcare (MQHZ) of Zambia has called for awareness creation among members of the public ahead of next month's national coronavirus...
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0012.json.gz/line2012
|
__label__cc
| 0.697674
| 0.302326
|
Do more efficient lights really mean we’ll use less energy?
By Gordon Routledge | 15 December 2015
Gordon Routledge, lighting expert and publisher of Lux Review, tackles another lighting myth
There is some concern in the lighting industry that before 2020 the market will reach a peak value and then start to decline, the reason for this is that LEDs last for too long. Today a huge part of the market is reliant on lamps naturally failing every few thousand hours, or expiring early because we switch them on and off too often. As the uptake of LED retrofit lamps occurs over the next few years and new build becomes dominated by LED, this bread and butter lamp business starts to diminish.
This year I managed to pick up a rather stylish Christmas jumper with embedded colour-changing LED lights”
To counteract this the industry is hoping that Jevon’s Paradox starts to kick in. We’ve mentioned Jevon’s Paradox on multiple occasions in this magazine, but just to recap it suggests that as technology (such as lighting) allows us to use a resource (such as energy) more efficiencly, we actually use more of that resource, not less. In lighting this works on multiple levels. The first is that, as the cost of LED technology falls we start to use more lighting units. We can start to see this now, as LEDs are being shoehorned in to just about anything. Some of these creations may be useful, but some are simply bizarre, like the hair comb which has an integrated red and blue LED array, claiming to aid hair growth, for those with not much of it in the first place. Philips recently announced a partnership with Desso to produce a carpet with LEDs woven in, which could be used to guide movement around buildings or produce inspirational features. I even managed to pick up a rather stylish Christmas jumper with embedded colour-changing LED lights. It seems that no product can’t be improved by adding a splash of LED technology to it.
The second effect of Jevon’s paradox concerns efficiency, and as lighting becomes more efficient we actually start to use more power in absolute terms. I’ve started to notice this recently as I drive to the train station in the dark mornings of winter.
A local transport depot which used to be lit with halogen flood lights with occupancy sensors appears to have gone LED, immediately apparent by the alien autopsy blue white glow visible from miles away and the horrendous glare as you get closer. The sensors are gone, the trucks are all out, the yard is empty but the lights are all blazing away. The reason is they don’t use much power: take down a load of energy-hungry halogen floodlights and pop in a few 20W LED equivalents and you hardly notice the meter spinning, so why not just leave them on to give that added feeling of security. Amazon is already littered with them – you can pick up a 10W LED floodlight for around £10.
Perhaps the most worrying effect yet to come is that, for an extra fiver you can get a version with a remote control, which can change colour. Housing estates across Britain are gearing up for an arms race of LED colour-change technology as the Christmas light battle becomes an year-round phenomenon. Never before in the history of lighting have we had the potential to light so many things, so badly, with so many features, so cheaply.
Follow Gordon on twitter @gordonroutledge
OPINION: UV can make us safer – if it's used in the right way
Why I welcome Building Safety Bill - Tamlite's John Allden
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0012.json.gz/line2013
|
__label__cc
| 0.673524
| 0.326476
|
Two-minute explainer: The WELL Building Standard
By John Bullock | 17 August 2016
22 Bishopsgate will stand 278m tall, with 62 storeys and will be the tallest in the City of London it will also be the largest certified WELL structure in the UK.
What are we to make of human centric lighting (HCL)? The science is sound but the application of the technology is often confused and contradictory.
What is needed is a guide to point us in the right direction. That is the job of the WELL Building Standard (WBS).
While building standards have turned increasingly green over the past decade, little has been done to quantify the ‘wellness’ of the building from the point of view of its occupants. The WBS, produced by Delos Living LLC of New York, encourages performance metrics and design strategies to be embraced not only by the entire design and construction project teams but also by the resident building managers.
WBS is designed to work alongside the LEED Green Building Rating System and other global green building standards such as BREEAM and it can be applied to new and existing buildings, new and existing interiors and shell and core projects.
The standard ascribes each design factor to the parts of the human body system that are directly influenced by those factors. For example, WBS states that Surface Design factors, all affected by light patterning, influence the endocrine, muscular and nervous systems.
As would be expected in any system taking a holistic view of health and wellbeing there is an entire performance matrix for a functioning building, taking in air, water, nourishment, light, fitness, comfort and mind.
When it comes to light section, WBS ‘provides illumination guidelines that are aimed to minimise disruption to the body’s circadian system, enhance productivity, support good sleep quality and provide appropriate visual acuity where needed’.
There are ten headline issues:
Visual lighting design
Establishes light levels for basic visual performance, acknowledging the balance of ambient and task illumination.
Circadian lighting design
Concentrates on the impact of melanopic light and the way that illumination meets the eye.
Electric light glare control
Acknowledges that excessive brightness can cause visual discomfort, leading to fatigue, visual impairment and potential injury.
Solar glare control
Provides solutions for managing disruptive glare from sunlight via windows.
Low-glare workstation design
Considered spatial orientation to control excessive brightness at work stations.
Colour quality
Identifies the use of the Colour Rendering Index (CRI) to ensure good colour quality, supporting visual acuity and accurate rendering of colour tones.
Establishes parameters for the reflective quality of surfaces within the interior landscape, promoting higher reflectance values as a means of reducing energy consumption and potential contrast glare.
Automated shading and dimming controls
Discusses the introduction of automatic control of lighting systems and shading devices as a means to promote visual comfort within the space.
Right to light
Acknowledges the importance of adequate levels of sunlight and establishes minimum distances from windows in regularly occupied spaces.
Daylight modelling
States that access to daylight reinforces the alignment of circadian rhythms and gives figures for minimum values of ‘spatial daylight autonomy’.
Daylighting fenestration
Provides percentage values on window sizes to ensure sufficient access to natural light to support occupant mood, alertness and overall health.
Surprisingly, there is no advice given for the use of melanopic illumination or the desired exposure of melanopic illumination during the working day beyond the ‘4 hours per day’.
There are also performance requirements for daylighting and window design. It will be interesting to see who takes the principle responsibility for ensuring that interior illumination is met in respect of architectural components.
This is a brave declaration of intent in an area of building and interior design that has been very poor in real advice while overflowing in hyperbole and unsubstantiated opinion.
According to the WELL website (www.wellcertified.com) there are seven WELL projects in the UK, all in London, the largest of which is at 22 Bishopsgate. This building will stand 278m tall, with 62 storeys and will be the tallest in the City of London. Ironically, there have been objections from local property owners due to the potential loss of light to neighbouring buildings.
22 Bishopsgate picture: Riverflm Martin Richardson and Hayes Davidson.
Lux is hosting a special Lighting for Health and Wellbeing conference in London on Thursday 22 September. It’s free for all those associated with the management of buildings services. To view the details and register for a place, click on the conference logo or click here.
The light that adjusts for your age
13,000 sensors cut lighting energy at warehouse
Scientists probe the right lighting for green walls
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0012.json.gz/line2014
|
__label__cc
| 0.711992
| 0.288008
|
Why M-Vac
Markets (current)
Click here for a No-obligation consultation of the M-Vac
Forensics DNA Collection - Helping Investigators Solve More Crime
Sometimes DNA evidence is on a difficult to collect from substrate. It may be porous, rough or large. In addition, the quantities may be minute. Real life scenarios like that happen every day. In 2011, Uta Von Schwedler was murdered in her own house and was found in her bathtub. The investigation of the scene yielded a number of pieces of evidence including a pillow case and a comforter. Traditional sampling of the crime scene evidence yielded inconclusive results. The M-Vac® was used to collect from the pillow case and the comforter. The collections yielded DNA profiles that matched the convicted murderer's profile. An internal and independent evaluation of the M-Vac® has been conducted by the FBI. Their findings from sampling 22 different substrates are very interesting and were published in the summer of 2020. The technology provides a new opportunity to get profiles where it was impossible before. To discuss how the M-Vac® can help with your forensics and police work, please contact us or request a free consultation. To hear the early experience of an agency who has now owned a system for years, watch the video below.
For a short series of videos introducing our product, please click below.
The M-Vac® utilizes wet vacuum principles to release and capture cells. Nuclease and DNA free buffer is sprayed directly onto the surface while vacuum pressure is simultaneously applied around the spray pattern to collect the buffer and suspended particles in a collection bottle.
Also referred to as a wet-vacuum sampling device, a "vacuum-assisted instrument", and other descriptive terms, The M-Vac® System is quickly becoming well known in the field of forensics as the DNA collection method to turn to when obtaining a DNA profile is difficult and critical for the case and where traditional methods such as swabbing, cutting and taping are not getting the job done.
"One of the most recent technological advancements in DNA collection used by Sorenson Forensics on a case featured on "Cold Justice" is the M-Vac system, which uses a sophisticated wet-vacuum sampling device to collect significant amounts of DNA from immovable surfaces that cannot be transported to a laboratory for processing as well as from porous substrates, such as clothing, fabrics, cement or rocks. The M-Vac system is able to extract even the most deeply embedded DNA." Forensics Magazine, 25 Sept 2013
Forensics Benefits
Superior collection from many substrates
The M-Vac® has enabled forensic scientists to build partial and full profiles when traditional methods have failed
Large surface area per sample capability
Why Choose M-Vac?
The process and advantages of taking an M-Vac sample.
M-Vac System's customers and other industry professionals are a valuable resource for information. Their experiences with the M-Vac through casework and testing are vital to understanding it. This section is a collection of the articles, flyers, presentations and other news that have been published or presented. They provide insight from M-Vac users and industry professionals who are independent of M-Vac Systems. We cannot express enough appreciation for their input and insights!
How has the M-Vac helped our customers?
Forensic DNA Collection FAQ
M-Vac System Flyer
The M-Vac System is a wet-vacuum based forensic DNA collection device that is helping investigators solve more crime. For a copy of the flyer click here.
Privacy PolicyContact Us/Request InfoOrdering Information
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0012.json.gz/line2015
|
__label__cc
| 0.641492
| 0.358508
|
Download Ebook Free Citizen
Author : Claudia Rankine
Publisher : Graywolf Press
Category : Literary Collections
* Finalist for the National Book Award in Poetry * * Winner of the National Book Critics Circle Award in Poetry * Finalist for the National Book Critics Circle Award in Criticism * Winner of the NAACP Image Award * Winner of the L.A. Times Book Prize * Winner of the PEN Open Book Award * ONE OF THE BEST BOOKS OF THE YEAR: The New Yorker, Boston Globe, The Atlantic, BuzzFeed, NPR. Los Angeles Times, Publishers Weekly, Slate, Time Out New York, Vulture, Refinery 29, and many more . . . A provocative meditation on race, Claudia Rankine's long-awaited follow up to her groundbreaking book Don't Let Me Be Lonely: An American Lyric. Claudia Rankine's bold new book recounts mounting racial aggressions in ongoing encounters in twenty-first-century daily life and in the media. Some of these encounters are slights, seeming slips of the tongue, and some are intentional offensives in the classroom, at the supermarket, at home, on the tennis court with Serena Williams and the soccer field with Zinedine Zidane, online, on TV-everywhere, all the time. The accumulative stresses come to bear on a person's ability to speak, perform, and stay alive. Our addressability is tied to the state of our belonging, Rankine argues, as are our assumptions and expectations of citizenship. In essay, image, and poetry, Citizen is a powerful testament to the individual and collective effects of racism in our contemporary, often named "post-race" society.
Citizen Action for Affordable Housing: Citizen's guide
Author : Anonim
Author : Stuart Allan,Einar Thorsen
Publisher : Peter Lang
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
Citizen Journalism: Global Perspectives' examines the spontaneous actions of ordinary people, caught up in extraordinary events, and compelled to adopt the role of a news reporter. This collection of twenty-one chapters investigates citizen journalism in the West, including the United States, United Kingdom, Europe, and Australia, as well as its development in other national contexts around the globe, including Brazil, China, India, Iran, Iraq, Kenya, Palestine, South Korea, Vietnam, and even Antarctica. Its aim is to assess the contribution of citizen journalism to crisis reporting, and to encourage new forms of dialogue and debate about how it may be improved in the future. The book contains contributions by Mark Deuze about 'The Future of Citizen Journalism' and Paul Bradshaw about 'Wiki Journalism.
The Woman Citizen's Library: Practical politics, by F. H. MacGregor
Author : Shailer Mathews
Category : Women
The underlying theme of these essays by reformers such as Jane Addams and Florence Kelly is women's civic responsibility to play a vital role in public affairs.
The Making of Citizen Kane, Revised Edition
Author : Orson Welles,Robert L. Carringer
Publisher : Univ of California Press
Category : Performing Arts
Citizen Kane, widely considered the greatest film ever made, continues to fascinate critics and historians as well as filmgoers. While credit for its genius has traditionally been attributed solely to its director, Orson Welles, Carringer's pioneering study documents the shared creative achievements of Welles and his principal collaborators. The Making of Citizen Kane, copiously illustrated with rare photographs and production documents, also provides an in-depth view of the operations of the Hollywood studio system. This new edition includes a revised preface and overview of criticism, an updated chronology of the film's reception history, a reconsideration of the locus of responsibility of Welles's ill-fated The Magnificent Ambersons, and new photographs.
Entertaining the Citizen
Author : Liesbet van Zoonen
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
Can politics be combined with entertainment? Can political involvement and participation be fun? Politics and popular culture are converging all the time, whether it's in Arnold Schwarzenegger's election as governor of California or in political television dramas and movies like The West Wing and Dave. This book encourages readers to think about how links between entertainment and politics have the potential to rejuvenate citizenship, endorse civic values, and sustain civic commitment. Instead of discarding the popular as irrelevant or dangerous to the democratic process, Liesbet van Zoonen shows us the possibilities for increasing political knowledge and participation through the arenas of politics and popular music, political "soaps," political television dramas, and politicians as celebrities. A first-rate starting point for debate, Entertaining the Citizen will stimulate and entertain students and general readers alike.
The Woman Citizen and the Home...
Category : Child care
Total pages :4
Citizen Competence and Democratic Institutions
Author : Stephen L. Elkin,Karol Edward Soltan
Publisher : Penn State Press
A searching examination of what citizen competence is, how much it exists in the United States today, and what can be done to increase it.
Author : Katherine A. Graham,Susan D. Phillips,Institute of Public Administration of Canada
Publisher : Institute of Public Administration of Canada
Category : Municipal government
Citizen Co-operation for Better Public Schools
Author : National Society for the Study of Education. Committee on Citizen Co-operation for Better Public Schools
Category : Community and school
Global Citizen Action
Author : Michael Edwards,John Gaventa
Publisher : Lynne Rienner Publishers
Part 4: Lessons Learned
Ana Is a Citizen!
Author : Manuel Martinez
Publisher : The Rosen Publishing Group, Inc
Category : Juvenile Fiction
Anyone can learn computer science, even at the elementary school level. This book delves into the essential computer science concept of digital citizenship using age-appropriate language and colorful illustrations. A meaningful storyline is paired with an accessible curricular topic to engage and excite readers. This book introduces readers to a relatable character and familiar situation, which demonstrates how digital citizenship is used in everyday life. Readers will follow Ana as she becomes a U.S. citizen and learns what it means to be a citizen. This fiction title is paired with the nonfiction title What Does Citizenship Mean? (ISBN: 9781538352410). The instructional guide on the inside front and back covers provides: Vocabulary, Background knowledge, Text-dependent questions, Whole class activities, and Independent activities.
Programs for Citizen Involvement in California Government
Category : Voluntarism
The Influence of Citizen/environmental Groups Upon Local Environmental Policy Process in Japan
Author : Steven M. Hoffman
Citizen Lobbyists
Author : Brian E. Adams
Publisher : Temple University Press
How do ordinary citizens become involved in local politics?
The Littlest Bigfoot
A Shade of Vampire 30
Straight Talk About Homosexuality
healthy bodybuilder e-book pdf
Handbook of Amygdala Structure and Function
Rehabilitation Outcome Measures
Health of HIV Infected People
The Litigators
Drug Stability for Pharmaceutical Scientists
Chemical Resistance of Engineering Thermoplastics
Principles of Chemistry
Diary of an Oxygen Thief
From Machine-to-Machine to the Internet of Things
ATI TEAS Practice Tests Version 6
Dynamic Description Technology of Fractured Vuggy Carbonate Gas Reservoirs
Rare Earth-Based Corrosion Inhibitors
Normal and Pathological Bronchial Semiology
The Girls in the Garden
Marijuana Growers Handbook
Investing in Hedge Funds
Llama Llama Nighty Night
Paula Deen Cuts the Fat
Risk Management of Complex Inorganic Materials
Quality and the Academic Library
The First Hostage
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0012.json.gz/line2017
|
__label__cc
| 0.662294
| 0.337706
|
48 Harvard, Malden, MA 02148
1 garage storage unit has no interior lighting, no running water, no heat. Access availability restricted to 7AM to 7PM. 1 year lease available. Space will be cleaned out by 1/8.
Rental Price: $100
Unit Building: Garage unit
Insurance Required: No
Rental Fee Includes: Other (See Remarks)
Disclosure: Garage storage unit has no interior lighting, no running water, no heat. Access availability restricted to 7AM to 7PM
The listing office is Pena Realty Corporation and the listing agent is Eddie Brissett. The property listing data and information, or the images, set forth herein were provided to MLS Property Information Network, Inc. from third party sources, including sellers, lessors and public records, and were compiled by MLS Property Information Network, Inc. The property listing data and information, and the images, are for the personal, non-commercial use of consumers having a good faith interest in purchasing or leasing listed properties of the type displayed to them and may not be used for any purpose other than to identify prospective properties which such consumers may have a good faith interest in purchasing or leasing. MLS Property Information Network, Inc. and it's subscribers disclaim any and all representations and warranties as to the accuracy of the property listing data and information, or as to the accuracy of any of the images, set forth herein. The data was last modified on 12/18/2018 2:44:00 PM.
48 Harvard, Malden MA for $100
Photos of 1
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0012.json.gz/line2018
|
__label__cc
| 0.674991
| 0.325009
|
Servus Munich! Mindspace Opens Doors at Its New Coworking Space on Viktualienmarkt
Mindspace
Munich, August 15th, 2017 — Mindspace, a rapidly-growing provider of beautiful and inspiring coworking spaces, opens doors today at its new Viktualienmarkt coworking space. Spanning 1.600m² and 2 floors, Mindspace Viktualienmarkt can accommodate about 250 members. The beautiful offices in the heart of the Munich metropolis are located at Viktualienmarkt 8, in the 200-year-old Kustermann-Haus, right across the fresh produce market and close to many shops, restaurants and cafés.
“We’re excited to open our Viktualienmarkt coworking space for business, following a high demand and with almost full occupancy. Approximately 200 members will start today their very first day of work at Mindspace today.” said Dan Zakai, Co-founder and CEO of Mindspace. “Mindspace brings together startups, investors, businesses from all industries, and large enterprises to create a productive atmosphere of innovation and collaboration. We’re honored to welcome Lufthansa, Duff & Phelps Corporation, ABC Venture Gates, and other leading brands, whose teams are Mindspace Viktualienmarkt’s very first members.”
One of Mindspace Viktualienmarkt’s first members is Aljoša Ficko, Managing Director of ABC Venture Gates GmbH, a Munich-based entrepreneurial center focused on introducing growth-stage startups and SMEs from around the world to the German market.
“At ABC Venture Gates GmbH we are focused on introducing the best growth stage startups and SMEs from all over the world to the German speaking market and through our Enterprise Accelerator in collaboration with Enterprise Development Group offer a globally based program for companies looking to radically transform their innovation capability. We aspire to be in the epicenter of innovation and entrepreneurship and found Mindspace to be a home with the same values as us. Mindspace positioned itself as a major player in Berlin and Hamburg’s startup ecosystem, and now with the new location in Munich we expect the same, hence positioning us in the perfect space to do our job with the local companies.”
Mindspace was founded in Tel Aviv, Israel, the Startup Nation, in 2014 by Dan Zakai and Yotam Alroy, and operates today 13 coworking spaces across Europe. Mindspace has already established its leadership in Germany as an upscale coworking provider with its innovative spaces on Friedrichstraße in Berlin Mitte and Rödingsmarkt in Hamburg. The company is rapidly expanding and has already announced the upcoming opening of two additional locations in Berlin (at Krausenstraße and Skalitzerstraße), two locations in Munich — at Viktualienmarkt (which opens today) and Salvatorplatz (opening in November) — as well as spaces in London, UK and Warsaw, Poland. Mindspace members are welcome at all Mindspace locations worldwide at no extra cost and can work and have their meetings at the best spot in town at no additional charge.
“Mindspace Viktualienmarkt is our first space opening in Munich, out of two we’ve announced.” said Zakai, “Together with Mindspace Salvatorplatz, which is due to open this November, spans 4 floors, a total area of 2,200 sqm, and 250 additional members, Mindspace will become the largest coworking provider in the Bavarian state capital.”
About Mindspace
Mindspace prides itself on its prime locations, offering an upscale coworking environment with inspiring unique designs that feature local artists and correspond with the local culture, an exceptional level of service to its members, and a vibrant real-world community. Mindspace offers hassle-free comfort and productive offices, with stunning lounges and meeting rooms, and fully-equipped kitchens. The Mindspace global community of over 7,500 entrepreneurs, freelancers, startups, investment firms, and innovation teams from leading enterprises enjoys weekly networking events, professional meetups, and happy hours in a cozy, collaborative atmosphere. Mindspace’s flexible membership options let members focus on growing their businesses while enjoying valuable benefits and discounts from global and local service providers such as Amazon, Microsoft, nearby restaurants, car rentals, hotels, gyms, and spas. Among Mindspace’s customers are world-leading brands, such as SAP, Lufthansa, Samsung, Duff & Phelps, ProSiebenSat.1 Media, DB Schenker, Hertha BSC, and Schwan-Stabilo.
Mindspace is a boutique flex space provider, presenting a global mindset with a local flavour. We serve companies in 31 prime locations across Europe & the US.
Mindspace’s offer of amenities is expanding
With the launch of the VIRTUAL by Mindspace platform, they can also meet and participate in a variety of online events, without physically being present in the office. It is also a place where members can promote their services and keep abreast of information and recommendations on the spread of coronavirus in the countries where Mindspace has its branches.
Flexibility 360°
During the pandemic, many companies have started considering flex spaces as an alternative to traditional offices. Flexibility has gained importance for both employers and their employees.
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0012.json.gz/line2022
|
__label__wiki
| 0.88863
| 0.88863
|
Canadian gold miner starts drilling in Fiji
MINING.COM Staff Writer | April 25, 2019 | 6:53 am Precious Metals Gold
Tuvatu gold project. Photo by Lion One Metals.
Lion One Metals (TSXV: LIO) (ASX: LLO) announced that it kicked off a drilling campaign at its 100%-owned Tuvatu gold project located on the island of Viti Levu in Fiji.
In a press release, the North Vancouver-based miner said that the initial drilling program will test shallow dipping lodes in an area called the HT Corridor, which is a mineralized zone cross-cutting the principal vein system of the Tuvatu resource, inside the mining lease and in close proximity to the planned mill site.
Tuvatu is expected to produce 100,000 ounces of gold per year over a 10-year mine life
“The HT Corridor is in excess of 25 metres wide currently drill tested to approximately 200-metre depth. It is characterized by wide, highly fractured zones with biotite and potassium feldspar alteration and high-grade gold,” Lion One’s statement reads.
“The zone remains open along strike and down dip of previous drilling. At surface the structures of the HT Corridor have been mapped for over 1 kilometre to the northeast and 2 kilometres to the southwest of the resource area.”
According to the Canadian company, previous drilling in the target area encountered numerous intervals of near-surface high-grade mineralization, including:
TUDDH 463: 9.08 g/t Au over 11.01 m from 80.79 m, including 15.30 g/t Au over 5.18 m;
TUDDH 469: 20.29 g/t Au over 4.77 m from 21.50 m, including 51.84 g/t Au over 1.83 m;
TUDDH 467: 7.13 g/t Au over 4.45 m from 214.45 m, including 14.96 g/t Au over 1.75 m; and
TUDDH 442: 35.02 g/t Au over 2.77 m from 49.20 m, including 6.83 g/t Au over 3.22 m.
“We are excited about the prospect of a much wider and deeper alkaline gold system at Tuvatu,” Lion One CEO Walter Berukoff said in the press brief. “We’re also excited about the potential of the HT Corridor to add new ounces to the resource and mine plan.”
The June 2014 Tuvatu resource estimate reported an indicated resource of 1.1 million tonnes at 8.46 g/t Au for 299,500 ounces of gold and an inferred resource of 1.5 million tonnes at 9.70 g/t Au for 468,000 ounces of gold.
The property comprises the largest undeveloped gold project in the island country. According to Lion One, Tuvatu is expected to produce 100,000 ounces of the yellow metal per year over a 10-year mine life. The production target is based on a 600-tonne-per-day CIL operation yielding recoveries of 86% with up to 40% of gold recoverable through the gravity circuit.
The fate of the workers at Hushan gold mine remains unclear.
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0012.json.gz/line2023
|
__label__wiki
| 0.620857
| 0.620857
|
No Beneficial Mutations - Not By Chance - Evolution: Theory In Crisis
TheWordisalive Subscribe Unsubscribe 53
"I have seen estimates of the incidence of the ratio of deleterious-to-beneficial mutations which range...
"I have seen estimates of the incidence of the ratio of deleterious-to-beneficial mutations which range from one in one thousand up to one in one million. The best estimates seem to be one in one million (Gerrish and Lenski, 1998). The actual rate of beneficial mutations is so extremely low as to thwart any actual measurement (Bataillon, 2000, Elena et al, 1998). Therefore, I cannot ...accurately represent how rare such beneficial mutations really are." (J.C. Sanford; Genetic Entropy page 24) - 2005 Estimation of spontaneous genome-wide mutation rate parameters: whither beneficial mutations? (Thomas Bataillon) Abstract......It is argued that, although most if not all mutations detected in mutation accumulation experiments are deleterious, the question of the rate of favourable mutations (and their effects) is still a matter for debate. *******www.nature****/hdy/journal/v84/n5/full/6887270a.html Distribution of fitness effects caused by random insertion mutations in Escherichia coli Excerpt: At least 80% of the mutations had a significant negative effect on fitness, whereas none of the mutations had a significant positive effect. *******www.springerlink****/content/r37w1hrq5l0q3832/ High Frequency of Cryptic Deleterious Mutations in Caenorhabditis elegans ( Esther K. Davies, Andrew D. Peters, Peter D. Keightley) "In fitness assays, only about 4 percent of the deleterious mutations fixed in each line were detectable. The remaining 96 percent, though cryptic, are significant for mutation load...the presence of a large class of mildly deleterious mutations can never be ruled out. " *******www.sciencemag****/cgi/content/abstract/285/5434/1748 But in all the reading Ive done in the life-sciences literature, Ive never found a mutation that added information All point mutations that have been studied on the molecular level turn out to reduce the genetic information and not increase it. Lee Spetner - Ph.D. Physics - MIT - (Not By Chance: Shattering the Modern Theory of Evolution) "Bergman (2004) has studied the topic of beneficial mutations. Among other things, he did a simple literature search via Biological Abstracts and Medline. He found 453,732 mutation hits, but among these only 186 mentioned the word beneficial (about 4 in 10,000). When those 186 references were reviewed, almost all the presumed beneficial mutations were only beneficial in a very narrow sense- but each mutation consistently involved loss of function changes-hence loss of information. Sanford: Genetic Entropy Mutations, in summary, tend to induce sickness, death, or deficiencies. No evidence in the vast literature of heredity change shows unambiguous evidence that random mutation itself, even with geographical isolation of populations leads to speciation. Lynn Margulis - Acquiring Genomes [2003], p. 29. But there is no evidence that DNA mutations can provide the sorts of variation needed for evolution There is no evidence for beneficial mutations at the level of macroevolution, but there is also no evidence at the level of what is commonly regarded as microevolution. Jonathan Wells (PhD. - Molecular Biology) Evolution vs. Genetic Entropy - video *******www.youtube****/watch?v=mmbRbyv2PA0 Intelligent Design - The Anthropic Hypothesis *******lettherebelight-77.blogspot****/
jesus is lord molecular biology evolution intelligent design michael behe john sanford beneficial mutations
Nikon Coolpix P1000 Max zoom 3000mm Watch and Buy
Thailand Tour Guide
Travel along Chao Phraya river with Tourist Boat in Bangkok
Hi-Tech Laser Engraving On Metal
Robot As Your Drinking Buddy
Thonburi Railway Station Pier in Bangkok, Thailand
Chao Phraya River Night Time lapse Bangkok
Thailand International Motor Expo at IMPACT Muang Thong Thani
Wat Rai Khing temple, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
ICONSIAM Shopping Mall at Bangkok in Thailand
When You Track The Ball In A Game Using A Camera
When Humans Failed Technologies
Yep, There's A Complete Lack Of Brains
Science Is Sure Filled With Awesomeness
Next Level Ideas And Gadgets
Night falls, City lights and sunset
Landscape and sunset clouds
City lights at night and night falls
Cargo ships sailing at a port in Thailand
Skyscrapers in Santiago, Chile
People Deeply Indulged In Gadgets
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0012.json.gz/line2025
|
__label__wiki
| 0.546116
| 0.546116
|
Topics:Airtel, Education, News
Airtel Launches Educational Platform mEducation In India
Apurva Chaudhary
Bharti Airtel has launched mEducation, a platform that enables Airtel mobile customers in India to access educational services including courses for language skills, entrance exam preparation and career counseling from universities and professors on their mobile phone.
Airtel will offer these educational value added services (VAS) through Interactive Voice Response (IVR), SMS and WAP. These services range from Rs 1.5/day to Rs 99 for a course, depending on the type of course a user wants to subscribe to. It offers English Guru (IVR) for Rs 30/ 30 Days, Mock Tests (WAP) at Rs 99 (12 mock Test) /Rs 49 (5 Mock Test), Scholarship Alert (SMS) at Rs 1.5 per day, among others. Users can find more information at the Airtel website.
As of 2011, the number of students in India under the age of 14 was reported to be 134 million. Adding students in graduate schools, the number only increases. There’s a tremendous opportunity for VAS players to cash on the education sector. However, it depends on service providers as to how they market the educational services. The market is still a bit premature and nobody seems to have figured out what works and what doesn’t. Airtel seems to have approached the market by converging the services it offers on platforms such as SMS, WAP, and IVR.
Previously, Airtel had partnered with Hungama Mobile to launch ‘CAT Fastrack’ pack – a 30 day crash course for CAT aspirants for subscribers on their network accessible at m.crackcat.in. The course is designed by Arun Sharma, a well known author who has written a book for CAT aspirants ‘How to prepare for Quantitative Aptitude’. In August 2012, Airtel had partnered with Aakash Educational Services Limited to provide its Airtel digital TV users with coaching services through its interactive service, iExam.
Other services: Recently, HCL Learning, the education and talent development division of HCL Infosystems, has launched MyEduWorld, an interactive learning app that includes school curriculum in digital format. In August 2012, e-learning company iProf Learning Solutions, which offers a personal education tablet device and runs a chain of Wi-Fi-enabled e-learning centers across India, launched an online service, TheDigiLibrary.com. The service offers content for entrance exam coaching for IIT JEE, AIPMT, CAT, Civil Services courseware, CBSE 11th Medical and non medical sections, CBSE 12th Medical and Non Medical, ICSE 10th Science and Maths, and English Speaking.
Research in Motion (BlackBerry) in association with mobile service provider Vodafone had launched an application, Study Buddy, for B-School aspirants with test prep institution IMS. The Study Buddy app offers mock tests for MBA entrance exams like CAT and CMAT.
Vriti, an e-learning company, had partnered with Tata McGraw-Hill Education to launch free, online ‘Smart Courses’ for Engineering and Management on Android tablet devices. Minglebox also provides Android apps for CAT/MAT/XAT and AIEEE entrance exams.
In this article:Airtel, Education, News
Amazon Prime Video launches mobile-only plan with Airtel, undercutting Netflix pricing
Amazon Prime Video has partnered with Airtel to offer a mobile-only version of Prime Video, which bundles tariffs and Prime Video Mobile at a...
Aroon Deep4 days ago
Pradipt Kapoor appointed as Airtel’s new Chief Information Officer
Bharti Airtel on Sunday announced the appointment of Pradipt Kapoor as Chief Information Officer (CIO). “In his new role, Pradipt will drive Airtel’s overall...
Pradeep Poonia asks for details on Wolf Gupta, consumer complaints against WhiteHat Jr: Report
During the latest hearing in WhiteHat Jr’s defamation case, Pradeep Poonia asked for the records of ‘Wolf Gupta’ and ‘Ryan Venkat’ ads that the...
Airtel approaches Supreme Court over AGR calculation issue: Report
Airtel has approached the Supreme Court to appeal “arithmetic errors” by the Department of Telecommunications, the Economic Times reports. The errors have to do...
Aroon DeepJanuary 6, 2021
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0012.json.gz/line2026
|
__label__wiki
| 0.522911
| 0.522911
|
Thank You Sponsors: Akamai, Fortumo, Info Edge, MapmyIndia, Microsoft, Times Internet, Xapads, E2E
We’d like to take a moment to thank our sponsors for having chosen to support MediaNama in its endeavour to provide our readers with insightful and detailed coverage of the evolving digital ecosystem in India. To advertise with MediaNama, click here.
Our thanks go out to everyone who has supported us, and to our sponsors for the month of August & September 2016:
– Akamai is the leading cloud platform for helping enterprises provide secure, high-performing user experiences on any device, anywhere. At the core of the Company’s solutions is the Akamai Intelligent Platform providing extensive reach, coupled with unmatched reliability, security, visibility and expertise. Akamai removes the complexities of connecting the increasingly mobile world, supporting 24/7 consumer demand, and enabling enterprises to securely leverage the cloud. To learn more about how Akamai is accelerating the pace of innovation in a hyperconnected world, please visit www.akamai.com and follow @Akamai on Twitter.
– Fortumo is a mobile payments company that enables direct carrier billing with more than 350 mobile operators in 90+ countries. Fortumo’s payment products work across a wide range of platforms including desktop devices, smartphones, feature phones, tablets and smart TV-s. Founded in 2007, Fortumo has offices in Estonia, San Francisco, Beijing, Delhi, Singapore & Hanoi and is backed by Intel Capital and Greycroft Partners. For more information, please visit https://fortumo.com.
– Info Edge (India) Limited is among the leading internet companies in India. Info Edge runs leading internet businesses – Naukri.com -India’s no. 1 job site, Jeevansathi.com – one of the leading matrimonial portal,99acres.com – India’s No.1 real estate portal and Shiksha.com – India’s leading education portal. The company also owns Quadrangle – an offline executive search business, and Naukri Gulf (a leading jobsite in the Middle East market). Info Edge also owns Brijj.com, a professional networking site and Allcheckdeals.com, an online real estate brokerage firm which is run as a subsidiary company.
– MapmyIndia is India’s leader in premium quality map data, APIs, GPS Navigation, tracking, location apps & GIS solutions.It builds and provides the most advanced maps of India including its revolutionary RealView service which captures, analyses and publishes the world in 360 degree photo-realistic clarity, the best GPS-based IoT (“Internet of Things”) devices optimized for in-vehicle and personal navigation and tracking, market-leading location-based SaaS (“Software as a Service”) for enterprise and professional use, and popular and delightful hyper-local consumer mobile and web apps, including India’s very first interactive online mapping portal, and NaviMaps, the best offline GPS navigation app for India.
– Founded in 1975, Microsoft (Nasdaq “MSFT”) is the worldwide leader in software, services,devices and solutions that help people and businesses realize their full potential. Microsoft set up its India operations in 1990. Today, Microsoft entities in India have over 6,500 employees,engaged in sales and marketing, research and development and customer services and support,across nine Indian cities – Ahmedabad, Bangalore, Chennai, Delhi NCR, Hyderabad, Kochi,Kolkata, Mumbai and Pune. Microsoft is committed to touching and transforming lives and businesses in India through technology.
– Times Internet (TIL) is a premier digital product company and the digital arm of The Times of India Group. It reaches over 100m visitors and serves 2 billion pageviews every month across web and mobile, with businesses across news, entertainment, sports, local, ecommerce, classifieds, startup investments, local partnerships, and more.TIL’s key properties in the news category include timesofindia.com, economictimes.com and navbharattimes.com. Under its fold are topmost internet entertainment portals in India — Gaana.com – the music broadcasting service and BoxTV.com – the video streaming site. Indiatimes Shopping emerges as one of the top five e-commerce companies in India & TimesCity, a lifestyle destination covering recommendations across Restaurants, Movies, Events, Nightlife in your city. Times Internet has also entered into partnerships with global companies offering them its tremendous reach through online media platforms under its initiative called Times Global Partners(TGP). The TGP portfolio ranges from licensing partnerships to investments and acquisition. In the last year, TGP has made four acquisitions, twelve global partnerships, four minority investments and over 20 investments into start-ups through TLabs in the Indian ecosystem.
– Xapads
Hosting and Support
– E2E Networks: India’s most clued in dedicated hosting company founded by geeks. E2E Networks Private Limited has been into the business of providing Low latency Dedicated Servers and VPS Servers in India since 2009. E2E Networks goes way beyond merely provisioning servers/cloud infrastructure. Our expertise includes strategies and managed services help for implementing the most suitable cloud architecture based on public, private or hybrid cloud platforms for your web facing or enterprise applications.
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0012.json.gz/line2027
|
__label__wiki
| 0.952446
| 0.952446
|
Washington-Watch > Washington Watch
Biden's 100-Day Mask Plan; Atlas Resigns; 'Momentum' for COVID Relief Package
— The past week in healthcare politics and policy
by Shannon Firth, Washington Correspondent, MedPage Today December 4, 2020
President-elect Joe Biden has asked Fauci, a member of the White House coronavirus task force, to continue in that role; once in office, Biden also plans to call on every American to wear a mask for 100 days. (New York Times)
Pfizer and BioNTech swiftly received emergency authorization from British health regulators for their COVID-19 vaccine on Wednesday; NIAID Director Anthony Fauci, MD, appeared critical of the U.K.'s review process, then later apologized, saying he didn't mean to suggest "any sloppiness." (Reuters)
White House Chief of Staff Mark Meadows called FDA Commissioner Stephen Hahn, MD, in for a meeting to explain why his agency hasn't already OK'd emergency use authorization (EUA) for Pfizer's vaccine. (CNBC)
The White House will be hosting a "COVID-19 Vaccine Summit" next week, 2 days before an FDA advisory committee convenes to decide whether to grant Pfizer an EUA for its vaccine. (STAT)
Amid speculation, Rhode Island Gov. Gina Raimondo (D) put an end to rumors, saying Thursday that she won't be tapped as Biden's Health and Human Services secretary. (The Providence Journal)
New Mexico Gov. Michelle Lujan Grisham (D), who was previously vetted as a potential running mate for Biden, may also be a candidate for the position. (ABC News)
A Democratic consulting firm is suspected of whitewashing the Wikipedia page for Jeff Zients, whom Biden has tasked with leading the next administration's COVID-19 response. (Politico)
President Trump's special coronavirus advisor, Scott Atlas, MD, resigned from his post. (Fox News)
Sen. Chuck Grassley (R-Iowa) has returned to the Capitol following an asymptomatic case of COVID-19. (The Hill)
House Speaker Nancy Pelosi (D-Calif.) said Friday she's feeling "momentum" building for a coronavirus relief package after speaking to Senate Majority Leader Mitch McConnell (R-Ky.) for the first time since the election on Thursday. (NPR)
Helen Keipp Talbot, the one person on the CDC's advisory committee to vote against recommending that nursing home residents be first to receive the COVID vaccine, along with healthcare providers, explained her position in an interview with STAT.
In Nevada, an ICU doctor who tweeted a thank you selfie to colleagues after five COVID patients died in his hospital, said he was "disappointed" by President Trump's own tweet suggesting that the crisis in his hospital was fake. (Washington Post)
The FDA approved omalizumab (Xolair) for treating nasal polyps in adults, Novartis announced.
The agency did not approve an Alzheimer's blood test, but that hasn't kept it off the market. (CBS News)
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0012.json.gz/line2029
|
__label__wiki
| 0.597004
| 0.597004
|
HOME > ORLA LAVERY 36 features found
Follow the author on:
The Ultimate Sweater Weather: Our Top Picks This Season
Featuring Finisterre, JW Anderson, SheepInc, AMI Paris, Séfr, and Kent & Curwen...
The Best Sartorial Style Moments in The Crown
We discuss our favourite menswear moments and costume design scenes in The Crown Season 4...
Pharrell Just Dropped a Skincare Line
Singer Pharrell Williams Skincare and Wellbeings Line is titled Humanrace. He we take a first look....
The Best Beauty Advent Calendars: 2020 Edition
We feature luxury advent calendars by Mr Porter, Liberty London, Clarin's, Diptyque, and L’Occitane....
Eclectic New York Menswear Label BODE Lands at Liberty
Founded by Emily Adams Bode, eclectic New York menswear label BODE lands at Liberty....
The Mastermind Behind Bottega Veneta’s Sell-Out Year
Coming up on an almost two-year tenure at the helm of one of the most talked-about brands in the industry, what is Daniel Lee doing so right?...
6 Sustainable Brands to Try in 2020
So, you've bought a reusable coffee cup and water bottle, remembered to bring your tote bags to the supermarket, reduced your meat intake and now...
6 Must-Know Men’s Winter Skincare Winners
When it comes to skincare, winter often means dryer-looking, lack-lustre skin. Beyond November, you can be sure that any remanence of a summer...
A Man’s Guide to Slope-Side Dressing
We’re almost at peak season when it comes to the white stuff. Whether you’re a boarder, skier or seasoned après-ski expert planning...
Notorious A.P.C.: Everything You Didn't Know About Jean Touitou
In A.P.C., Jean Touitou has managed to sustain an almost unprecedented 32-year legacy somewhere between the rarefied realms...
The Most Anticipated Releases for Baselworld 2018
Every year watch connoisseurs congregate in Basel, Switzerland to celebrate the finest craftsmanship in their trade...
The Fragrances That Will Change Your Game Entirely
Amidst all the commercial hubbub of today’s world, the term ‘Artisan’ is thrown around almost as liberally as a 2 for 1 offer. Artisan...
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0012.json.gz/line2032
|
__label__wiki
| 0.645106
| 0.645106
|
About The Mammalian Daily
TMD 101: A quick guide to reading The Mammalian Daily
We can’t live on love alone!
A note about our style
Past and Present Archons
University of West Terrier
Institute for the Study of Mammalian Life
Leonardo Language and Culture Institute
The Hani Gajah School of Art
Park School of Aesthetics
Shops and Retail
Directory of Park Health Services
Grooming Houses
Amoltrud’s Aesthetics
En Garde Hair and Skin Salon
Halcyon Days Canine Coiffure
KwikLiks
Tallulah’s Toilettage
The Pluming Room
Architects and Construction Services
Employment Service
Entertainment and Party Services
Legal and Financial Services
Image and Consulting Services
Park-Sponsored Programmes
Citizen Aid & Action Associations
Associations, Federations, and Alliances
Political Reform Groups
Immigrant and Citizen Aid Groups
Art Galleries in The Park
Theatres and Cinemas
The Barkettes
History and Legacy of The Barkettes
Thisbe and the Barkettes Celebrate 10 Years of Sensational Signing Success
Olden Goldies: Noreen Interviews The Barkettes
Thisbe and The Barkettes: Hits and Recordings
Media in The Park
Mammalian Daily Associated News Services
Take Our Quick Quizzes!
See Our Ads
A Different Reality
Canine Standup Comedy
Think Outside the Book
The Mammalian Daily
Satirical fiction in newspaper form
Whoa! Braking News
Politics/Law/Crime
Groundhog Day/POPS Election and Prediction
Economy and Business
Month Without Metaphor
The Arts, Entertainment, and Culture
Park Interspecial Film Festival (PIFF)
PIFF Piffle
Thisbe and the Barkettes
Ask a Poodle
Enforced Domestication Awareness Month (EDAM)
Gossip and Rumour
Let’s Talk Balls!
Dear Noreen Advice Columns
Five Questions For…
Survivor Profiles
Wednesday Rewind
Full schedule of events released for 2018 Groundhog Day celebrations
January 30, 2018 By Endla Metsümiseja, TMD Groundhog Day Reporter
The Department of Holidays, Festivals, and Celebrations (DHFC) has released the Official Schedule of the 2018 Groundhog Day Celebrations.
At a short press conference this afternoon, DHFC Director of Public Relations Aintza Kanariar used the word, “stupendous,” as she rhymed off the names of the performers, games, acts, and more that will make up what some in The Park consider the most important event of the year.
“There is not only something for everyone to enjoy at this year’s celebration,” she said, “but almost too much.”
Kanariar went even further, saying it was not just the quantity of the “non-stop fun,” but the quality that will make this year’s Groundhog Day memorable.
“After more than thirty-five years of zoocracy, The Park can truthfully say it has an unrivalled depth of talent,” she said. She also joked that the official celebration would “give the Early Risers a run for their money.”
For the past few years, The Park’s Early Risers, who end their hibernation on Groundhog Day instead of on the traditional date of February 19, have hosted legendary after-parties.
Kanariar also announced an addendum to the official schedule, which was released a few days ago.
“We will officially acknowledge the life and work of Egerton Vole, who died on January 25, after serving only nine days as Archon. The Archons’ Address, which will be read by Chief Archon Iolana Camira Whooping Crane, will also include some words about Vole, she said. And a tribute to Vole during the Groundhog Day parade will include a performance by the All Rodent Marching Band, but Kanariar would not say whether a new float would be part of that tribute.
For the first time since their bassist Zuberi Tembo died, the Endeka Elephant Band will play during the parade, as well. There will only be nine band members playing, however, because Árvakur Fíl, the band’s drummer, is serving as Archon this year.
Kanariar said we can expect the parade to include a “host of new floats,” several of which will acknowledge The Park’s endangered species.
New this year will be a poetry reading by members of the Centre for Interspecial Harmony.
In addition to the special appearance by Thisbe and the Barkettes, the following musicians will participate in the event:
The Feral Four
The Canary Cousins
Spontaneous Generation
Les Chiens Débraillés
SCENTient Beings
Jargonhead
The Cynics
Will.o.be
Memes of Production
Last Stand
Eggie and The Pigs
Inktvis and Krake
The All-Rodent Marching Band
The DomEstyx
The Beasts of Burden
BHR (Big Hearts Rule) formerly NIML (Not In My Lifetime)
Fish Rap
As is always the case, one of the most important aspects of the Groundhog Day celebrations will be the food. Renowned Chef Tab Triolore will reprise his “feral buffet” and supply delicious non-perishables from his newly-opened restaurant grassRoutes. Other food purveyors include The Battering Ram Café, The Compost Heap, The Broop ‘n Miaow, The Draft, The Pound Gastropub, and The Cackling Goose Tavern. Mikko Tikkeri’s The Feeding Station will serve a full breakfast just after the Archons’ Address. Ants in Your Pantry and Provisions by Petrounel will send all attendees home with tasty party favours.
And, again, this year, food will be served for twenty-four hours straight.
“We’re going through from eight in the morning on the second [of February] until eight in the morning on the third,” Kanariar said.
And, don’t forget: the events will be covered live by Mammalian Daily reporters here on Twitter.
Filed Under: Breaking News, Economy and Business, Groundhog Day/POPS Election and Prediction, Politics/Law/Crime, The Arts, Entertainment, and Culture Tagged With: #GroundhogDay, hibernation, Spring
2017 Groundhog Day Schedule released
The Department of Holidays, Festivals, and Celebrations has released the Official Schedule of the 2017 Groundhog Day Celebrations.
At a press conference held early this morning, Aintza Kanariar, Director of Public Relations for the department, announced plans for the ” Zoocracy 35 edition” of the celebrations.
Kanariar told the press that this year’s event will include the recognition of Park history “in many forms,” including a parade of all living former Archons, a reading from the historical tome of the sister of the founder of zoocracy, and a pantomime performed by the Working Wounded Performing Arts Company.
“We’ll be acknowledging history and making history all at the same time,” Kanariar said. She also confirmed that the Endeka Elephant Band would contribute a musical interlude during the official celebrations, but they will not play during the parade.
As well, Kanariar said we can expect the parade to include a “host of new floats,” many of which will acknowledge the anniversary of the founding of zoocracy.
“Even though this is our Groundhog Day celebration, and not the official celebration of Animal self-rule in The Park, we thought it fitting to include that theme in the parade,” she said.
As ever, one of the most important aspects of the Groundhog Day celebrations will be the food. And the food this year will be “diverse,” because, Kanariar, said, “We want to celebrate interspecial harmony by recognizing our different eating preferences.”
Among the new food stations will be a “feral buffet” courtesy of Chef Tab Tricolore and “Diverse Dishes” supplied by a consortium of The Park’s chefs and restaurateurs.
Also new this year, food will be served for twenty-four hours straight.
“We’re going through from eight in the morning on the second [of February] until eight in the morning on the third,” Kanariar said. But she was quick to confirm this would not replace the celebration hosted by the Early Risers.
“We are not competing with the Early Risers at all, and they are welcome to come and join us at any time.”
And, don’t forget: for the fourth year in a row, the events will be covered live by Mammalian Daily reporters here on Twitter.
Filed Under: Breaking News, Economy and Business, Groundhog Day/POPS Election and Prediction, Park Life, Politics/Law/Crime, The Arts, Entertainment, and Culture Tagged With: #GroundhogDay celebrations, hibernation, Spring, Zoocracy 35
Burrowers chase Humans out of Park for photographing hibernators
January 12, 2017 By TMD Crime Reporters
These pictures, recovered by Rodrigo Coelho and Lucjan Królik, are now in Park Police possession
Two Park burrowers are being hailed as heroes today, after police confirmed they ran a group of Humans out of The Park when they found them photographing Animals in hibernation.
At a hastily-arranged press conference this morning, Chief Inspector Maurice Addax of Park Police’s Specist and Hate Crimes Unit (SHCU) and Cornelius Kakapo, DWBS Director of Public Relations, praised Rodrigo Coelho and Lucjan Królik, whose quick thinking, Addax said, “preserved the privacy and safety of our hibernating community.”
According to Inspector Addax, the two burrowers spotted what they believed were a couple of illegal holes near their own burrows. After further investigation, they found a cache of small video and still cameras, and several sets of Human footprints. Before they had time to call Park Police, the group of Humans returned, and the two burrowers ran them out of The Park. Police are now in possession of the cameras.
The pair, who attended the press conference this morning, say they don’t feel like heroes at all.
Królik, who calls himself “an ordinary burrower,” told reporters the actions of the Humans offended his sense of propriety.
“I wasn’t even thinking about the law when I saw them [the Humans]. I was thinking that our vulnerable citizens needed protection and I was going to make sure they got it.”
For his part, Coelho said he could only imagine what it must feel like to be violated by Humans while you’re in hibernation.
“It’s just not right. I have many friends in the hibernating community and I know their lives are difficult. They don’t need any added stress, or the fear that their every movement will be recorded while they try to survive the Winter,” he said.
Filed Under: Breaking News, Park Life, Politics/Law/Crime Tagged With: burrowers, hibernation, Human violation, Humans, photographs
Election Office scrambles to meet today’s deadline to declare a winner
November 17, 2016 By Endla Metsümiseja, TMD Groundhog Day Reporter
The Park Election Office (PEO) is scrambling to count all the votes cast in the November 7 election for Park Official Prognosticator of Spring (POPS) by midnight tonight in order to announce a winner before the hibernating community takes its leave for the Winter.
In an early morning interview on TMD Radio, PEO head Gerritt Wezel said he and his team would “do anything” to avoid the situation that occurred three years ago, when the vote counting took so long that hibernation had to be postponed for weeks.
“That took its toll on the whole Park, emotionally, as well as physically,” he said.
Wezel also confirmed that he’d asked the members of the Maple Tree Project, who organize the Tree of Hearts sendoff for hibernators, to postpone the hanging of the hearts until late in the afternoon. According to Wezel, former Chief Archon Dewi Rhinoceros, who initiated the project, agreed to hold off until about five o’clock.
The election results will be broadcast across all Park media as soon as they are known.
Filed Under: Breaking News, Groundhog Day/POPS Election and Prediction, Park Life, Politics/Law/Crime Tagged With: #GroundhogDay, hibernation, POPS 2017 election, tree of hearts
Hibernation outfitter to stay open 48 hours for a long “going-under” party
November 16, 2016 By Bergrún Íkorna, TMD Business Reporter
GoUnderground, The Park’s oldest hibernation outfitter has just announced that it will stay open tonight and tomorrow night in order to aid Park hibernators with their last-minute needs.
According to Nafari Bongo, the shop’s director of sales, the decision was made early this morning and was based on the number of customers they saw lined up at the door when the shop opened.
“We realized at that point that we weren’t going to be able to serve all those customers if we closed our doors tonight,” he said. “So, we decided to have a ‘going-under’ party and invite all our customers to a forty-eight hour bash.”
Bongo said there will be plenty of food available and even entertainment. He also confirmed that Hieronymous Hedgehog, GoUnderground spokesAnimal and The Park’s Official Hibernation Ambassador, will be on hand to advise customers and assist them with their purchases.
“Hieronymous has a wealth of knowledge about hibernation and his presence here is always appreciated by customers,” Bongo said.
Filed Under: Breaking News, Economy and Business, Park Life Tagged With: #GroundhogDay, GoUnderground, hibernation, Hieronymous Hedgehog
Elections are over. It’s time to prepare for hibernation, say retailers
November 12, 2016 By Marikit Kuneho, TMD Park Life Reporter
Now that The Park’s Small Animal Hibernating Community (SAHC) has elected Sunniva Muldvarp 2017 Keeper of the Nut, it’s time to get serious about preparing for hibernation, say the retailers who are experts in the field.
“With not even five days left, it will be a scramble this year,” Nafari Bongo told The Mammalian Daily this morning.
Bongo, who is director of sales for GoUnderground, The Park’s oldest hibernation outfitter, said business had been particularly slow this past week, but has picked up considerably since yesterday.
“The two elections in one week usually affect business for a day or so, but this year, Animals were exceptionally distracted by all the hoopla. They couldn’t keep their minds on the process of hibernation preparation,” he said.
Bongo said they’d hired extra staff for the next five days and tomorrow the store will host its first-ever First-Timers event.
“We’ve found that the new generation of Animals is less prepared for its first hibernation. There seems to be a gap in knowledge, so we’ve instituted this event to help them,” he said.
Things are also humming along at Burrows and Beyond, according to vice-president of sales Kerman Astoa. While the firm stopped taking orders for new burrows this past Thursday, they’re still receiving inquiries as well as an “unusually high” number of orders for their signature Burrow Safety Checks (BSC). The company considers the BSCs to be essential, so they’ve also hired extra staff to accommodate these late requests.
“We do encourage hibernators to arrange for them early in the Autumn, but we understand that it’s not the first thing on their list,” says Astoa.
Over at Provisions by Petrounel, the prestigious Park grocer that specializes in post-hibernation sustenance, owner Beatrice T. Orang says their new pre-orders for 2017 are up by thirty percent.
“We’ve kept our standing orders steady for three years now, but in terms of new business, it’s way up this year,” she says.
There was a time when many thought The Park might not be able to sustain so many hibernation specialty shops, but that fear has vanished over the past few years, in part due to the growth in the hibernating population. And Orang says that even though she has competition, she has lost very few customers.
“Hibernators tend to be loyal and we appreciate that,” she says.
All in all, 2016 looks as though it’s going to be a very profitable year for the hibernation business. That is, as long as hibernators get themselves to the shops on time.
Filed Under: Breaking News, Economy and Business, Park Life Tagged With: GoUnderground, hibernation, hibernation preparation
Button maker received order for Millicent Hayberry candidacy: rumour
September 18, 2016 By Renée Simone Canard, TMD Gossip Reporter
It’s been over a month since Park citizens heard the rumour that Millicent Hayberry was considering a bid for 2017 Park Official Prognosticator of Spring (POPS).
Though she has kept mum on the subject, a source close to one of The Park’s most prominent button makers has told The Mammalian Daily that the company received an order to produce buttons for her campaign.
The source, who wishes to remain anonymous, said the order came in two weeks ago from a “campaign leader.” The order is said to be for three different versions of a button, one of the prototypes of which appears on this page.
Hayberry, who is wrapping up her performance at the Burrow Theatre in “Godwit,” the first of three mystery plays by Gianfranco Colocolo, is expected to make some form of announcement before the end of the month. Candidates have until November 5 to enter the race.
Sources tell The Mammalian Daily that were Hayberry to run, she would have the support of Hieronymous Hedgehog, along with a number of other prominent hibernators. Her candidacy may lean heavily on the idea of “breaking the species barrier,” since all successful candidates for POPS have been Groundhogs. Nevertheless, since the 2011 and 2012 candidacies of Zachariah Skunk and Lorenzo Michele Chipmunk, there has been a call for broadening the field in this election and making the list of candidates more representative of The Park’s population.
Filed Under: Breaking News, Gossip and Rumour, Park Life, Politics/Law/Crime, The Arts, Entertainment, and Culture, Whoa! Braking News Tagged With: #GroundhogDay, break the species barrier, hibernation, Millicent Hayberry, Park Official Prognosticator of Spring (POPS)
Hibernation and estivation benefit the economy in many ways: PASS
September 14, 2016 By Bergrún Íkorna, TMD Business Reporter
Original publication date: 4 September 2014
Hibernation and estivation are good for The Park’s economy, according to a report released today by the Park Association of Shops and Services (PASS).
There seems to be less tolerance these days for the differences among us.” – Wellington Whistlepig, PASS President
PASS released the report less than two weeks before our estivating population is scheduled to return to full participation in Park life.
“The timing is not insignificant,” said Wellington Whistlepig, president of the Association.
“They’re a beleaguered bunch [estivators] and we thought we could use the findings in this report to offer them a proper welcome back to life.”
Whistlepig, who is himself a hibernator, said the last few years have been difficult for Park Animals who hibernate or estivate.
“We and our way of life have been under siege for a number of years, ever since the economic downturn, in fact,” he says. “There seems to be less tolerance these days for the differences among us.”
That was the one of the main reasons that PASS decided to commission a report on the subject.
“Some of our numbers were used in another report that was released in the Spring. It showed some gains in the fourth quarter of 2013 which were attributed to the delay in the official hibernation date and that led to the conclusion that hibernation was a drag on the economy.
As Association president, I felt that our numbers had been misconstrued, so I asked for a full accounting from our members. They were very enthusiastic in their agreement to participate,” he says.
Whistlepig says the new report, which analyzes figures from 2008-2013, demonstrates definitively that hibernation benefits The Park’s economy.
“First of all, it creates jobs on a regular basis. Every job a hibernator or estimator holds has two Animals performing it,” Whistlepig says.
“Now, to those who consider that a drag on the economy, we say ‘think again.’ That’s two Animals who have currency to spend in our shops and for our services. And one of those two Animals needs to prepare for say, hibernation, before and after. Those are purchases that wouldn’t be made, otherwise. There are shops that cater to hibernators and estivators and they wouldn’t exist without those customers,” he contends.
Whistlepig says our hibernating and estivating citizens should be seen for what they are: a stimulating presence, both economically and culturally.
“We hope this report puts this foolishness to rest,” he says.
The Association’s full report will be made available to the public next week.
Filed Under: Breaking News, Wednesday Rewind Tagged With: estivation, hibernation, park economy
GoUnderground Park’s most hospitable shop: survey
July 19, 2016 By Bergrún Íkorna, TMD Business Reporter
And the survey says: GoUnderground.
The Park Association of Shops and Services (PASS) announced the results of its consumer survey today and the venerable hibernation outfitter has won the title of “most hospitable Park shop.”
At a short ceremony this morning, PASS president Wellington Whistlepig affixed a plaque to the shop’s façade as he congratulated Director of Sales, Nafari Bongo, on the honour.
“We are so pleased that one of the Park’s oldest shops is also the best in customer service,” Whistlepig said.
For his part, Bongo was quick to credit his employees with making hibernation shopping an enjoyable experience.
“We have a great team here and we work hard to make our customers happy,” he said. “We are all committed to responding to the needs of modern hibernators and estivators and we are always on the lookout for the newest and best items to ease our customers’ burden.”
Bongo singled out Hieronymous Hedgehog for praise, as well. Last year, the Hedgehog became the shop’s spokesAnimal as well as The Park’s Official Hibernation Ambassador.
“Hieronymous has done a fabulous job, and not only for our customers. As the face of hibernation, he’s been able to educate non-hibernators and foster understanding among different species. We are truly lucky to have him working for us,” he said.
Filed Under: Breaking News, Economy and Business, Park Life Tagged With: hibernation, hibernation outfitters, Hieronymous Hedgehog, Official Hibernation Ambassador, Park shops and retail
Police, DWBS confirm Humans took photos of Park Animals in hibernation
March 7, 2016 By TMD Crime Reporters
The Mammalian Daily publishes this photo with the permission of Park Police
Park Police and the Department of Well-Being and Safety (DWBS) confirmed today that a group of Humans was responsible for taking and distributing photos showing Park Animals in various stages of hibernation.
At a joint press briefing this morning, Cornelius Kakapo, DWBS Director of Public Relations and Chief Inspector Maurice Addax of Park Police’s Specist and Hate Crime Unit (SHCU) revealed the findings of their investigation.
“We are here to confirm that through extensive investigation we have determined that a group of Humans was responsible for the cache of photos in question that was distributed via the internet in January,” Addax said.
The photos, which Police confirmed were taken by cameras installed secretly in hibernators’ burrows, were posted serially, at the rate of approximately one every half-hour, on January 23. They appeared simultaneously on an internet site run by Humans and on The Park’s gossip web site, headsNtales.
Police also confirmed that they had questioned the gossip site’s co-founder Hortencia Guacamayo. They did not say what they learned from Guacamayo, nor whether she and her co-founder would be charged for posting the photos. The name of the Humans’ web site has not been revealed.
Although police took no questions at the briefing, Kakapo was able to confirm rumours that the Ant Security and Intelligence Service (ASIS) had been deployed during the investigation.
Filed Under: Breaking News, Gossip and Rumour, Media, Park Life, Politics/Law/Crime Tagged With: #privacy, hibernation, Humans, law, posted photos
Follow the story on Twitter!
Archives Select Month December 2020 August 2020 July 2020 June 2020 April 2020 March 2020 February 2020 January 2020 December 2019 November 2019 October 2019 September 2019 August 2019 July 2019 June 2019 May 2019 April 2019 March 2019 February 2019 January 2019 December 2018 November 2018 October 2018 September 2018 August 2018 July 2018 June 2018 May 2018 April 2018 March 2018 February 2018 January 2018 December 2017 November 2017 October 2017 September 2017 August 2017 July 2017 June 2017 May 2017 April 2017 March 2017 February 2017 January 2017 December 2016 November 2016 October 2016 September 2016 August 2016 July 2016 June 2016 May 2016 April 2016 March 2016 February 2016 January 2016 December 2015 November 2015 October 2015 September 2015 August 2015 July 2015 June 2015 May 2015 April 2015 March 2015 February 2015 January 2015 December 2014 November 2014 October 2014 September 2014 August 2014 July 2014 June 2014 May 2014 April 2014 March 2014 February 2014 January 2014 December 2013 November 2013 October 2013 September 2013 August 2013 July 2013 June 2013 May 2013 April 2013 March 2013 February 2013 January 2013 December 2012 November 2012 October 2012 September 2012 August 2012 July 2012 June 2012 May 2012 April 2012 March 2012 February 2012 January 2012 December 2011 November 2011 October 2011 September 2011 August 2011 July 2011 June 2011 April 2011 March 2011 February 2011 April 2010 March 2010 February 2010 January 2010 November 2009 October 2009 September 2009 February 2009 July 2008 May 2008 March 2008 February 2008 January 2008 August 2007 July 2007 June 2007 May 2007 April 2007 January 2007 September 2006 June 2006 April 2006 January 2006 June 2004 May 2004 April 2004
Mammalian Daily-Related Sites
The Park Census
The Park Museum
The University of West Terrier
The Mammalian Daily on Twitter
Gunnar Rotte
Hieronymous Hedgehog
Mammalian Daily
Media's Month Without Metaphor
Millicent Hayberry
Park Groundhog Day Celebrations
Pieter Paard
PIFF Reports
Yannis Tavros
Where in the world can I buy Noreen’s Book?
The Cardboard Café
Trojan Horse Press
Gunnar Rotte’s Tweets
Margaret Atwood tweets Noreen
TMD quick links
Shop Mammalian Daily!
Yannis Tavros on Twitter
Join TMD on Facebook
See what others say about us
Millicent Hayberry Tweets!
Follow Noreen on Twitter!
Join Hieronymous on Twitter!
Contents Copyright © 2021 The Trojan Horse Press, Inc. · Powered by WordPress · Designed by NextPage
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0012.json.gz/line2034
|
__label__wiki
| 0.713309
| 0.713309
|
Presented by Terrapin Crossroads at Terrapin Crossroads, San Rafael CA
Infectious funk grooves, psychedelic jams, and experimental electronics
TICKETS SAVE
In the Grate Room
PIGEONS PLAYING PING PONG IS:
Greg Ormont – Vocals, Guitar
Jeremy Schon – Guitar, Vocals
Ben Carrey – Bass, Vocals
Alex Petropulos – Drumagic, Electro-Swag
“We pour every ounce of ourselves into every note when we perform live,” says Pigeons Playing Ping Pong singer/guitarist Greg Ormont. “When we’re recording in the studio, we try to maintain that euphoria while finding a way to pack it into a tight, focused vessel. Each song becomes like a spring-loaded can of worms: there’s all this energy boxed up in a neat little package, and then when you come see us live, the cap comes off and the contents fly out in every direction like fireworks.”
It’s a whimsically apt metaphor for Pigeons Playing Ping Pong, a band whose very existence is rooted in the unyielding quest for joy and positive energy. Blending infectious funk grooves, psychedelic jams, and experimental electronics, the Baltimore four-piece’s new album, ‘Pizazz,’ is a buoyant, blissful reminder of just how much fun music can be.
Eschewing the traditional funk band lineup that typically includes keyboards, Pigeons Playing Ping Pong constructs effervescent soundscapes with just two guitars, bass, and drums, crafting their music with a sophisticated ear for both open space and dense layering.
Each Pigeon is a virtuosic musician and improviser in his own right, and the band’s songs are frequently born out of impromptu grooves and riffs.
$30, Ages 16+
Email: tickets@terrapincrossroads.net
Doors 8:00 pm / Show 9:00 pm
Terrapin Crossroads
100 Yacht Club Dr., San Rafael, CA 94901
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0012.json.gz/line2037
|
__label__cc
| 0.729001
| 0.270999
|
MaritalLaws
Alimony Calculators
Complete Calculators
Alimony Calculator
State Calculators
General Calculators
Aaml
Child Visitation Laws
New Jersey Child Custody Guide :: Table of Contents
What Is Child Visitation?
Child Visitation Law Table
New Jersey Child Visitation Law Summary
Child Visitation For Grandparents, Relatives, and Third PartiesNew Jersey
New Jersey Child Visitation Law Text
Visitation General Information
In the context of a child custody case, visitation is defined as the rights for a non-custodial parent to see their child, or as temporary custody that's been granted for a period of time to an otherwise non-custodial parent or relative.
In general, courts in New Jersey assume that it is beneficial for both biological parents of a child to have shared custody or visitation, unless it is shown to be against the child's best interests. A biological parent who is denied custody may be awarded visitation rights to provide for a relationship between the parent and child.
Visitation by grandparents, family members, or other third-parties is less clear cut in New Jersey, and nationwide. While there are state guidelines regarding third-party visitation in certain situations, these laws are frequently challenged.
Above all else, courts in New Jersey strive to make custody and visitation decisions that are "in the best interests of the child". The court handling each individual visitation case has significant flexibility in determining what arrangement is in the child's best interests. You can read about New Jersey's visitation guildelines on this page.
New Jersey Visitation Court Considerations Table
Step Parents
Grandparents Generally
Grandparents After Death of child
Grandparents After Divorce Of Child
Grandparents Child Never Married
Any Interested Party
After Termination Of Parental Rights
New Jersey Child Visitation Summary
How are Visitation Rights Requested?
New Jersey law states that a biological parent of a minor child may request visitation rights as part of an open divorce, parentage or custody case or may file a petition for visitation in none of these circumstances apply.
The court will decide a request for visitation based on whether granting a parent visitation would be in the "best interests of the child."
What is considered in a child's "best interests" are outlined under the custody and visitation statute which indicate state that the parents’ ability to agree, communicate and cooperate, any history of child abuse or domestic violence, the parent's financial situation, the stability of the home environment, the child's education, the child's wishes, the needs of the child, the stability of the home environment offered;,the quality and continuity of the child’s education, the fitness of the parents;
and the the geographical proximity of the parents’ homes;
A court may grant visitation rights to a child's grandparents if visitation is in the child's best interest. Adoption cuts off the rights of grandparents, unless adoption is granted to a stepparent.
New Jersey Child Visitation For Grandparents, Relatives, and Third Parties
In the state of New Jersey, there are a number of laws regarding child visitation regarding visitation for third-parties other than the biological parents of the child. While state laws regarding third-party visitation have been frequently been challenged in courts, they are a good indication of New Jersey's positions regarding non-parental visitation rights.
Visitation Rights Of Grandparents In New Jersey:
New Jersey has special statutes regarding the child visitiation rights of grandparents under different circumstances. Under state law, the grandparents of children may obtain visitation while the parents are alive, regardless of the parent's marital status.
Grandparents, Visitation In General
Grandparents, After Death Of Parent
✗ NO
Grandparents, After Divorce Of Parent
Grandparents, Parent Never Married
Regardless of state presumptions regarding grandparent's visitation rights under specific circumstances, a New Jersey court may allow or prevent visitation rights in any situation based on the best interests of the child.
Visitation Rights Of Other Parties In New Jersey:
Are step-parents granted visitation rights in the state of New Jersey?
Generally it is an uphill battle for step-parents seeking visitation rights for a step-child, especially if the biological parents of the child are alive and are opposed to the visitation.
The state of New Jersey does not have any laws that grant child visitation rights to step-parents, which may make applying for visitation significantly harder. In all cases, third-party visitation rights are more likely to be granted by the court if they are deemed to be in the best interests of the child.
Can other interested parties or relatives be granted visitation rights to a child in New Jersey?
Under state of New Jersey law, it is not generally possible for any other interested party other than those specified to be granted child visitation rights. In rare cases this may be overruled by the court.
Can parents be granted visitation rights after termination of parental rights or adoption in New Jersey?
In the state of New Jersey it may not be possible to be granted visitation rights after losing parental rights or giving up a child for adoption. This is the case with both biological parents and previous guardians.
| State Law Official Text
Section(s):
NJ. STAT. ANN. § 9:2-7.1
9 :2-7.1. Visitation rights for grandparents, siblings
1.a. A grandparent or any sibling of a child residing in this State may make application before the Superior Court, in accordance with the Rules of Court, for an order for visitation. It shall be the burden of the applicant to prove by a preponderance of the evidence that the granting of visitation is in the best interests of the child.
b. In making a determination on an application filed pursuant to this section, the court shall consider the following factors:
(1) The relationship between the child and the applicant;
(2) The relationship between each of the child's parents or the person with whom the child is residing and the applicant;
(3) The time which has elapsed since the child last had contact with the applicant;
(4) The effect that such visitation will have on the relationship between the child and the child's parents or the person with whom the child is residing;
(5) If the parents are divorced or separated, the time sharing arrangement which exists between the parents with regard to the child;
(6) The good faith of the applicant in filing the application;
(7) Any history of physical, emotional or sexual abuse or neglect by the applicant; and
(8) Any other factor relevant to the best interests of the child.
c. With regard to any application made pursuant to this section, it shall be prima facie evidence that visitation is in the child's best interest if the applicant had, in the past, been a full-time caretaker for the child.
L.1971,c.420,s.1; amended 1973,c.100; 1987,c.363,s.2; 1993,c.161,s.1.
© 2021 MaritalLaws. All rights reserved. View Sitemap. Usage is subject to our Terms and Privacy Policy.
MaritalLaws is a free public resource site, and is not affiliated with the United States government or any Government agency
MaritalLaws Instant Feedback
** This Document Provided By MaritalLaws **
Source: http://www.maritallaws.com/states/new-jersey/visitation
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0012.json.gz/line2038
|
__label__cc
| 0.723684
| 0.276316
|
We bring nature and science to take care of you
Discover Marnys
|Natural defences
|Respiratory system
|Urinary system
|Purifying
|Junior
|Energetics
|Bones and Joints
|Metabolic
|Spring Season
|Antioxidants
|Omegas
|Advanced Nutricosmetics
|Nervous system
|Digestive system
|Memory and concentration
|Optimal Line
|Sports Nutrition
|Vitamins and Minerals
|Sexual life
|Floral essences
|VITAHELP
|Cosmetic oils
|Marnys Dermpure
|Beauty In & Out
|Rosehip Oil Line
|Hygiene
|Facial care
|Food oils
|Natural food
|Chemotyped Essential Oils
|Synergy Collection
|Aromatherapy Diffusers
Marnys Sports
|Power
|Endurance
|Recovery
|Total Wellness
Home / Food supplements / Metabolic / VisionHelp
VisionHelp
If you protect your eyes with sunglasses, why not take care from the inside too?
Concentrate of Bilberry, Lutein+Zeaxanthin, Vitamins and Minerals for vision
VisionHelp quantity
MARNYS® Visionhelp with its exclusive formulation and ingredients contributes to visual health. MARNYS® Visionhelp and its ingredients are an excellent supplement for people who want to contribute to their visual health, especially those who are under intense radiations, for example people working outdoors, with computers (blue light)...
Compared to other organs, the eye is very susceptible to oxidative damage due to continuous exposure to light and its high metabolic level.
The ingredients in MARNYS® Visionhelp facilitate vision care due to the following properties:
Bilberry (Vaccinium myrtillus) is a widely spread shrub whose fruits are round, violet or purple berries with bluish tonality and contains high polyphenol concentrations, especially anthocyanins, which have shown antioxidant effect. The bilberry concentrate in MARNYS® Visionhelp provides 25% anthocyanosides. Bilberry helps maintain visual health through antioxidant effects and the maintenance of blood vessel integrity (EFSA ON HOLD 2001, 2002).
Vitamin B2 (riboflavin) and the mineral Zinc contribute to normal maintenance of vision; besides, Zinc contributes to normal vitamin A metabolism (EFSA).
Vitamins C and E, and the mineral Selenium, contribute to cellular protection from oxidative damage. Moreover, vitamin C contributes to normal formation of collagen for normal blood vessel function (EFSA).
Taurine is an amino acid that can be obtained from dietary sources (like poultry, beef, pork or seafood), or produced by the body through the amino acids methionine and cysteine. It is produced in the liver and is highly concentrated in the retina.
The carotenes Lutein and Zeaxanthin are yellow fat-soluble pigments concentrated in the macula, which is the central part of the retina and allows us to have sharp vision. Lutein can be found in various vegetables and grains, spinach, broccoli, corn, asparagus, wheat seeds, and in orange or yellow fruits, such as mango, papaya, oranges, melon, and so on. Zeaxanthin is found in certain vegetables and in certain yellow or orange fruits like corn, nectarines, oranges, watercress, or chicory, among others. Furthermore, high quantities of both Lutein and Zeaxanthin can be found in egg yolk.
The minerals Calcium and Magnesium contribute to normal neurotransmission and electrolyte balance, respectively (EFSA).
Vitamins B3 and B1 (nicotinamide and thiamine) contribute to normal energy-yielding metabolism (EFSA).
L-Arginine is an amino acid that plays a role in some metabolic pathways, such as that of nitric oxide, which is involved in the structure and function of blood vessels. Dietary sources of arginine are fish, seafood, beef liver, peas, and lentils, among others.
Chromium contributes to maintenance of blood glucose levels (EFSA).
Ask us your questions
Cranberry extract, vitamin C (L-ascorbic acid), taurine, arginine, niacin (nicotinamide), calcium (calcium citrate), lutein, zinc (zinc oxide), magnesium (magnesium citrate), beta-carotene, vitamin E (dl-α-tocopheryl acetate), vitamin B2 (riboflavin), vitamin B1 (thiamine mononitrate), zeaxanthin, selenium (selenium yeast), chromium (chromium picolinate), vegetable oil, beeswax and soy lecithin.
Capsule shell composition: gelatin, glycerin, colours (allura red and titanium dioxide) and water.
ALLERGEN: contains soya bean
ACTIVE INGREDIENTS PER CAPSULE %NRV
Cranberry concentrate* 33,3 mg •
Vitamin C 20,0 mg 25
Taurine 17,0 mg •
Arginin 17,0 mg •
Nicotinamide 6,00 mg 38
Calcium (Calcium Citrate) 5,30 mg •
Lutein 5,00 mg •
Zinc (Zinc Dioxide) 4,00 mg 40
Magnesium (Magnesium Citrate) 3,70 mg •
β-Carotene 3,30 mg •
Vitamin E (acetate dl-α-tocopherol) 3,30 mg 28
Riboflavin 0,53 mg 38
Thiamine 0,47 mg 43
Zeaxanthin 40,00 μg •
Selenium (Selenium Yeast) 18,30 μg 33
Chrome (Chrome III Chloride) 16,70 μg 42
%NRV (nutrient reference value)
Take 1 to 3 capsules a day.
· Food supplements should not be used as a substitiute for a balanced nutrition.
· It is recommended to keep a varied and balanced diet and healthy lifestyle.
· Do not exceed the recommended daily dose.
· Keep away from children.
· Do not store at a temperatures above 30ºC.
How does the vision process work?
The vision process begins in the eye and continues with a series of complex chemical reactions that end in a nerve impulse that reaches the brain.
Our eyes are made up of two chambers:
The first one consists of the lens, which focuses the objects, and the pupil, which is responsible for the light that reaches the bottom of the eye.
The second one is the retina, which is located at the bottom of the eye and contains a vast number of photoreceptor cells specialised in capturing light: cones and rods. Cones contain the protein called rhodopsin (it has got vitamin A-retinal) and other pigments that are responsible for colour vision with bright light, and are very abundant in an area called ‘macula’ where the point of greatest visual acuity is located. Rods only have got rhodopsin and are responsible for vision under low light conditions.
When light arrives it changes the configuration of retinal, leading to a change in the electrolyte balance of the membrane and generating a nerve impulse. This nerve impulse reaches the brain where it is interpreted as an “image”.
What elements can affect our vision?
UV light from the sun, fluorescent light or ‘blue light’ from computer screens, mobile phones, televisions, exposure to pollutants and oxidants such as tobacco smoke, or an unbalanced diet, among others, are all factors that negatively influence eyesight. These factors contribute to the formation of free radicals, which are capable of oxidising the lipids in the cell membranes that capture light (photoreceptors) and of causing damage to the retina.
The lack of some vitamins, minerals and other components in the diet also affects our eyes, very sensitive to the food we eat. To maintain good eye health, diet plays a key role.
Different clinical studies have been conducted to know the benefit of antioxidants in ocular pathologies; one of the most significant, AREDS, with over 4,700 patients evaluated during at least 5 years, proved that the use of antioxidants reduced the risk of Macular Degeneration by more than 25%.
Currently, the American Academy of Ophthalmology guidelines recommend the use of antioxidants (including vitamins, minerals and carotenes) for the maintenance of visual function.
Academia Americana de Oftalmología, 2019. https://www.aao.org/
Rasmussen, H. M. et al (2013). Nutrients for the aging eye. Clin Interv Aging.
Be the first to review “VisionHelp” Cancel reply
19.75€ Add to basket
Nobiletil
Lipohelp
Liquid Vitamin A
7.40€ Add to basket
https://www.marnys.com/product/visionhelp-en/ 13985895 VisionHelp If you protect your eyes with sunglasses, why not take care from the inside too? https://www.mnsa.es/wp-content/uploads/mn448-visionhelp-30-cap-324x324.jpg 20.95 instock Food supplementsMetabolicEyesightojosojovisión 0 0 0 https://www.mnsa.es/wp-content/uploads/mn448-visionhelp-30-cap-324x324.jpg 1398702313987080139870821398708313987084 20.95 0 0
Vitamin C | Andean Maca | Coconut Oil | Vitamin D
New Products | Defences | Energy | Nutricosmetics | We keep working
50 years with you
Natural quality
MARNYS® - Martínez Nieto, S.A. © 1999 - 2021
Terms of use | Cookies | Data protection
This website stores its own and third party cookies on your computer. These cookies are used to collect information about how you interact with our website and allow us to remember it. We use this information to personalize and improve your browsing experience and to perform visitor counting and analysis, both on this website and through other means, as well as to interact with our online store and shopping cart. If you wish, you can disable cookies by pressing the "Settings" button.
ACCEPTCookies PolicySettingsReject all
These cookies are necessary for various basic functions of our website, so that we could provide our services as we wish. Without these cookies, our website would not work and consequently, you cannot disable them.
These cookies are used for internal purposes. They help us to understand our customers and improve our website so that we could provide you with the best based on our experiences. Without these cookies, we cannot measure the traffic nor view the user interactions with various elements of the website. This makes it difficult for us to test the functions that would suit best your needs.
Marketing cookies store information, on the behaviour of visiting users of the webpages, obtained through the continuous observation of the surfing habits, which allow for the development of a specific profile to show personalised advertising, and therefore, it is more valuable for publishers and third-party advertisers.
en_GB
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0012.json.gz/line2039
|
__label__wiki
| 0.648346
| 0.648346
|
Over Mollie
“Technology should be simpler. That is the future.“
Interview with Florian Barbian and Michael Stepanek — Founders of WebStollen.
Record an album on your laptop. Produce a film and then post it online. Do your own thing. You don’t need a plan. That was the promise of the 2000s. Suddenly, everyone needed a website (better yet, a “homepage”).
Florian Barbian and Michael Stepanek were quick to catch on to this growing need. Along with a former schoolmate, they founded WebStollen in 2001. At that time, none of them could have imagined that they were laying the foundations for a 20-year success story.
“We would finish building a site and then hang out and play table football.”
— Florian Barbian co-founder of WebStollen
They never planned on becoming independent entrepreneurs. Even though they worked at first on an order-by-order basis, their way of working was already different from the many other creative companies that were popping up like mushrooms after a rain shower in those days. “There were suddenly all these hip agencies in the 2000s… everything had a tropical vibe, or something like that. We just wanted to do an honest day’s work, so that’s why we decided to call our company WebStollen.”
The company’s name comes from working in the mines. “Stollen” means “mineshaft” or “tunnel” in German. Honest, down-to-earth, hard work. That’s what this company has always stood for. WebStollen was not born in a loft in Berlin, but in a student flat in Regensburg.
From shop partner to tech provider
Originally, WebStollen primarily developed websites and eBay templates for the German market. But before long, they started receiving orders for online shops. With each project, the future started to look brighter. Soon, the three students were hiring employees and moving their company into an office space.
“We used our earnings to finance our studies.”
— Michael Stepanek co-founder of WebStollen
In 2009, Michael first became aware of the e-commerce software JTL. As a certified JTL service partner, WebStollen was able to build countless online shops while also writing early extensions for JTL Shop. In the years that followed, the company developed over 100 plugins and counting. “We grew up like most agencies. We would consult website operators, apply the Shop template and launch the site onto the market. This helped us realise what was missing in Shop… which requirements was the core program unable to meet?” As a result, the partnership between WebStollen and JTL grew even stronger. Besides designing online store concepts and managing online shops, digital services in the form of JTL plugins are one of WebStollen’s main areas of expertise.
Into the future with dash.bar
Michael and Florian want to focus even more heavily on digital services. Their centrepiece is the dash.bar e-commerce app. It allows for a wide range of data in the form of statistics and analytics to be displayed in a centralized dashboard. This information empowers website operators to optimize their online shops.
“dash.bar gets people excited about JTL.”
It’s a problem that has plagued online shop owners for years: they rely on dozens of digital tools and services, but each one has its own interface. Hardly anyone can make sense of this jungle of data and apps. “We want to bring together lots of great services into a single place”, says Michael.
Part of this means developing the right payment solution to meet the highest standards. This solution would have to offer state-of-the-art technology, along with fully automated payment processes and automatic subscription cancellation options. “The Mollie API delivers exactly what we needed.”
Simple. Flexible. Innovative.
“Believe it or not, the same week we wanted to get in touch with Mollie, our phone rang and it was Mollie calling us. That was a hilarious conversation”, recalls Florian. Mollie was looking for an agency that could develop a plugin for JTL Shop. “It was immediately clear to us that here were two innovative, creative companies coming together, and that this was the beginning of a very productive partnership.”
“Mollie and WebStollen take exactly the same approach.”
“We try to deliver a service that is super simple, as powerful as possible, but also as easy to use as you can imagine,” says Florian. Michaels adds, “Mollie is definitely the most easily integratable of all the payment providers in the JTL space. It takes just one day for a small online retailer. It’s really quick with Mollie. We think that’s cool, and our customers think it’s cool too.”
Along with the simplicity and flexibility (no contractual tie-down), there’s another thing Florian loves about Mollie: their push for innovation. “It’s obvious that you guys are not standing still. Mollie keeps moving forward. We had the chance to talk to the designers to implement the new partner back-end”, he says. Michael adds: “It’s a very healthy partnership. We see Mollie as a very reliable partner. That’s definitely not something you can take for granted in the start-up world.”
Goodbye technology, hello people
It is not enough for digital solutions to just become simpler. In the future, they also have to be better coordinated and fully interconnected with each other. “It’s very important to use APIs”, says Michael, “because the shop operator simply has to run analytics. Payment is also a big topic. Operators need to know which customers are paying with which payment methods.”
To make sure online retailers can still see the forest for the trees, their needs must be put ahead of the technology.
“Online retail should not be a tech monster.”
“The restaurant experience is going digital.”— Björn Wisnewski, Founder at SimplyDelivery
Read SimplyDelivery's story
Betaald met Mollie
API-reference
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0012.json.gz/line2045
|
__label__wiki
| 0.513613
| 0.513613
|
Canada: British Columbia, Canada: Court Of Appeal Sets Aside Aggravated Damages Award In Wrongful Dismissal
by Rhonda B. Levy and Monty Verlint
Littler Mendelson
In Quach v. Mitrux Services Ltd., 2020 BCCA 25 (Quach), the British Columbia Court of Appeal overturned the trial court's decision to award aggravated damages to an individual whose job was terminated before his employment began because the manner of dismissal did not cause the requisite "mental distress." Rather, the court concluded the plaintiff's "feeling of strong dismay and anxiety for himself and family" was not beyond the "normal distress and hurt feelings" that employees generally experience following a dismissal, which are not compensable.
Furthermore, although the Court of Appeal did not decide the matter, Quach provides insight into the court's thoughts on whether fresh consideration is required to ensure the enforceability of new terms that vary the initial expected terms of employment.
Finally, the Court of Appeal also affirmed its prior decision that in a contractual claim, whether arising from a fixed term contract or not, the usual rules of mitigation of damages apply: unless the contract provides otherwise, the employer derives the benefit of mitigation.
On August 25, 2015, the plaintiff entered into a one-year fixed-term employment contract with the employer from October 1, 2015, to September 30, 2016, at an annual salary of $138,000 (Fixed-term Contract), prepared by the plaintiff's lawyer. The Fixed-term Contract contained a termination provision allowing the employer to terminate the plaintiff by paying out the remainder of the fixed-term.
On September 28, 2015, after the employer received legal advice regarding the Fixed term Contract, and after the plaintiff left his secure previous employment, the employer asked the plaintiff to agree to a month to month contract commencing on October 1, 2015, and terminable on four weeks' notice (Second Contract). That same day, once the employer agreed to reimburse the plaintiff for his legal fees for the preparation of the Fixed-term Contract, the parties entered into the Second Contract. The plaintiff insisted that the Second Contract include this term, and the employer agreed:
5.6 Any failure to comply the terms [sic] of the Employment Agreement or misrepresentation by the Employer will void this Employment Agreement.
On September 30, 2015, the employer "terminated" the plaintiff's employment. The plaintiff sued for damages for wrongful dismissal, basing his claim on the Fixed Term Contract. The employer alleged cause and argued the Second Contract was the operative agreement.
Trail Decision
The trial judge decided the employer did not have cause for dismissal and rejected the employer's argument that the Fixed Term Contract was unenforceable. The main issue was which of the two contracts was the operative contract.
The employer argued its payment of the plaintiff's legal fees and its waiver of the probation requirement were fresh consideration for the Second Contract. However, the court noted the employer did not reimburse the plaintiff for the legal fees and found there was no value in the waiver of the probation requirement.
The judge accepted the plaintiff's arguments that contrary to s. 5.6 of the Second Contract: (a) it failed for lack of fresh consideration; and (b) alternatively, it was void because the employer misrepresented his intentions to employ the plaintiff and failed to comply with the Second Contract's terms by not allowing the plaintiff to begin employment on October 1, 2015. The plaintiff was awarded a year's salary under the Fixed term Contract, $15,000 in aggravated damages, and costs.
Court of Appeal Decision
The employer appealed, arguing the judge erred in:
Finding the $1,000 paid to the plaintiff as reimbursement of legal fees incurred in preparing the Fixed Term Contract was not good consideration for the Second Contract;
Determining that the employer had made a misrepresentation to the plaintiff that voided the Second Contract; and
Awarding the plaintiff aggravated damages.
The appeal was allowed on the issue of aggravated damages only.
In arriving at its decision to allow the appeal on the issue of aggravated damages and to set aside the $15,000 award, the Court of Appeal noted:
An award of aggravated damages resulting from the manner of dismissal requires: (a) a finding that an employer engaged in conduct during the course of dismissal that was unfair or in bad faith, and (b) a finding that the manner of dismissal caused the plaintiff mental distress.
Not all mental distress from the fact of dismissal attracts an award of aggravated damages - the plaintiff is required to establish something well beyond the normal distress and hurt feelings that invariably accompanies loss of employment.
Testimony showing a "serious and prolonged disruption that transcended ordinary emotional upset of distress" may constitute a sufficient evidentiary foundation but "the demeanor of the plaintiff in the witness stand" is an insufficient basis for a finding of the requisite distress.
The court concluded:
.there is no indication that the employee's feeling of strong dismay and anxiety for himself and family was beyond the "normal distress and hurt feelings" that are not compensable. On the contrary, there is considerable evidence that he recovered quickly from his loss of the position. For example, the record shows that the employee was at least partially prepared for the possibility he would lose his job; he had already sought out other employment opportunities, and because of that anticipatory search, he found new employment soon after he learned he would not be starting work with the employer. So too, the employee's frank exchanges with Mr. Arora, quickly corresponding with Mr. Arora and saying that he would "see [Mr. Arora] in court", demonstrate a sturdy response to the "dismissal. (para. 31)
Consideration for the Second Contract
The Court of Appeal agreed with the trial judge that the $1,000 paid to the plaintiff as reimbursement of legal fees incurred in preparing the Fixed Term Contract was not good consideration for the Second Contract, and accordingly the Fixed-term Contract was the operative contract. Having arrived at this conclusion, the court did not overturn the lower court decision, and noted the following on the topic of consideration for the Second Contract:
It is a basic principle of contract law that consideration between parties is required to create a binding contract.
However, in Rosas v. Toca, 2018 BCCA 191 the Court of Appeal decided that, ". When parties to a contract agree to vary its terms, the variation should be enforceable without fresh consideration, absent duress, unconscionability, or other public policy concerns, which would render an otherwise valid term unenforceable.
Rosas may not change the authority in Singh v. Empire Life Ins. Co., 2002 BCCA 452, which may be relied upon "in the nuanced world of employer and employee contractual relationships" for the proposition that modification of a pre existing contract will not be enforced unless there is a further benefit to both parties. Whether Rosas changes the authority of Singh "is an interesting question that can and should be left to another day ."
Not only did the plaintiff receive no further benefit from the Second Contract, he in fact lost the benefit of the guarantee of employment for a term of one year under the Fixed Term Contract, and received nothing in exchange. Meanwhile, the employer received a significant benefit because they were no longer liable to the plaintiff for damages over the first term.
".from a policy standpoint it would lead to an unrealistic and unfair result if the principles of fresh consideration did not apply in a situation where employment had not yet commenced but there was a subsequent contract that amended the initial expected terms of employment..." (para. 265)
Given the Court of Appeal's conclusion on the subject of fresh consideration, it did not address this ground in its reasons.
Mitigation of Damages
The Court of Appeal noted that when the trial judge made no deduction for mitigation of damages through post dismissal earnings he relied on in an Ontario authority known as Howard v. Benson Group Inc. (The Benson Group Inc.), 2016 ONCA 256, leave to appeal ref'd [2016] S.C.C.A. No. 240 (Howard v. Benson); however, the court preferred to rely on the leading authority in British Columbia, Neilson v. Vancouver Hockey Club Ltd. (1988), 1988 CanLII 3051, 51 D.L.R. (4th) 40 (B.C.C.A.) (Neilson). In Howard v. Benson, the Ontario Court of Appeal held that when an employee's job is terminated prior to the end of a fixed term contract, they do not have a duty to mitigate their damages unless there is an express mitigation provision in the contract. In contrast, Neilson provides that in a contractual claim, whether arising from a fixed term contract or not, unless the contract provides otherwise, the employer derives the benefit of mitigation.
The Court of Appeal noted that clause 4.1(b) of the plaintiff's Fixed-term Contract expressly established the amount of the payment owing to the plaintiff by the employer immediately upon termination of the employment by the employer:
4.1 The parties understand and agree that the Employee's employment pursuant to this agreement may be terminated as follows:
(a) By the Employee, at any time, for any reason, on the giving of four weeks written notice to the Employer;
(b) By the Employer, in its absolute discretion, at any time, on the giving of written notice to the Employee at which time payment of the full balance of the compensation due to the Employee for the entire First Term or Second Term as the case may be will become due and payable within two weeks of such notice of termination. For greater clarity, the Employer shall pay to the Employee, all compensation due to the Employee at the date of termination as well as all compensation due to the Employee from the date of termination through to the expiration of the First Term or Second Term as the case may be. [Emphasis added]
Accordingly, the court concluded that the trial judge's conclusion that the plaintiff was entitled to damages equal to one full year of earnings was the correct decision under the Fixed Term Contract.
Bottom Line for Employers
Quach puts employers on notice that the distressed demeanor of a dismissed employee on the witness stand will not suffice to cause a claim for aggravated damages to succeed. To succeed in such a claim, the employee must establish that:
The employer engaged in conduct during the course of dismissal that was unfair or in bad faith; and
The manner of dismissal caused the employee mental distress beyond the "normal distress and hurt feelings" that invariably accompany loss of employment.
Furthermore, although Quach did not decide the matter, it puts employers on notice that if they want to ensure the enforceability of an employment contract that varies the initial expected terms of employment, their most cautious approach is to offer fresh consideration.
Finally, Quach affirms the law in British Columbia that in a contractual claim arising from a fixed term contract, unless the contract provides otherwise, the employer derives the benefit of mitigation. The rule is not the same, however, in every province in Canada. For example, as noted above, the Ontario Court of Appeal decided in Howard v. Benson that unless there is an express mitigation clause in a fixed term contract, an employee whose job is terminated prior to the contract's end does not have a duty to mitigate their damages.
Accordingly, employers should be cautious about their conduct in the course of dismissing an employee. They should avoid conduct that is unfair or in bad faith, and avoid dismissing an employee in a manner that might cause the employee mental distress beyond the "normal distress and hurt feelings" that invariably occurs when someone experiences a loss of employment.
Furthermore, to improve the likelihood that a new employment contract that varies the initial expected terms of the employee's employment will be enforceable, employers are encouraged to seek the advice of experienced employment counsel to draft them to ensure they offer fresh consideration.
Finally, employers should consider the impact of mitigation when entering into employment contracts, fixed-term or otherwise. Once again, employers are encouraged to seek the advice of experienced employment counsel to draft employment contracts that protect them from the loss of this benefit, subject to applicable employment standards legislation.
Rhonda B. Levy
Monty Verlint
Canada Employment and HR Contract of Employment Employee Benefits & Compensation Unfair/ Wrongful Dismissal Litigation, Mediation & Arbitration Trials & Appeals & Compensation
POPULAR ARTICLES ON: Employment and HR from Canada
COVID-19 UPDATE: Vaccinations And Employee Privacy
McCarthy Tétrault LLP
On December 11, 2020 the Office of the Information and Privacy Commissioner of Saskatchewan (the "OIPC") released an advisory on questions regarding vaccines for organizations, employers...
Ignoring The Rules Doesn't Fly: Airport Employee's Termination For Not Following Covid-19 Guidelines Upheld By Arbitrator
A recent decision from Arbitrator Brian Keller in Garda Security Screening Inc. v. IAM, District 140 (Shoker Grievance), [2020] O.L.A.A. No. 162...
Self-Employed Canadians Don't Have To Repay CERB
Rotfleisch & Samulovitch P.C.
Recently, the Canada Revenue Agency (CRA) issued over 650,000 letters to many self-employed Canadians regarding the repayment of the Canada Emergency Response Benefit (CERB).
Home Office Expenses – New Simplified Deduction Methods, New Taxable Benefit Exception, And Employer Obligations
On November 30, 2020, Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Finance Chrystia Freeland released Supporting Canadians and Fighting COVID-19: Fall Economic Statement 2020...
Employee COVID-19 Testing Policy Upheld
In a recent arbitral decision by Arbitrator Dana Randall, the Christian Labour Association of Canada (the "CLAC") challenged a COVID-19 employee
An Employer's $115K Mistake In A Wrongful Dismissal Settlement
WeirFoulds LLP
On November 9, 2020, Brown J.A., writing for a unanimous Ontario Court of Appeal, released his decision in Kearns v Canadian Tire Corporation Limited...
Canada Employment and HR Contract of Employment Employee Benefits & Compensation Unfair/ Wrongful Dismissal
Litigation, Mediation & Arbitration Trials & Appeals & Compensation
Ontario, Canada: Court Reminds Employers Termination Provisions That Could Possibly Violate ESA In The Future Are Unenforceable Littler Mendelson
Ontario, Canada: Court Reminds Employers Termination Provisions That Could Possibly Violate ESA In The Future Are Unenforceable Littler - Canada
Court Reminds Employers Termination Provisions That Could Possibly Violate ESA In The Future Are Unenforceable Littler - Canada
Ontario, Canada Court Confirms Employers That Revoke Accepted Employment Offers May Be Liable For Damages Littler Mendelson
Superior Court Determines Enforceability Of Termination Clause Littler - Canada
Can You Fire A Rioter? Maybe… Lawson Lundell LLP
Doing Business In The Gig Economy: A Global Guide For Employers Norton Rose Fulbright Canada LLP
COVID-19: Pensions Regulatory Updates Across Canada - January 2021 Blake, Cassels & Graydon LLP
Attention Federal Employers: The Workplace Harassment And Violence Prevention Regulations Are Now In Effect Roper Greyell LLP – Employment and Labour Lawyers
Employers Face Possible Expansion Of The Duty Of Honesty And Good Faith Stringer LLP
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0012.json.gz/line2046
|
__label__cc
| 0.579649
| 0.420351
|
India: Force Majeure And Frustration Of Contracts During COVID-19
by Zarir Bharucha
ZBA
The unprecedented upheaval caused by COVID-19 has affected normal performance of contractual duties. Logistical issues, health and safety risks and governmental decreed 'lock-downs' for extended periods of time have up-ended life and commercial activity on an unparalleled scale. A post-Covid world is beset by delays, payment defaults and a failure or refusal to perform contractual promises and stipulations.
Parties to a contract are anxious to understand what their rights and remedies are in the prevalent circumstances. Many inquires relate to whether parties or their counter-parts can be legally excused from discharging contractual obligations by recourse to the doctrine of force majeure or frustration. Force majeure is a contractual stipulation, as opposed to the doctrine of frustration that operates by law. Force majeure will require parties, lawyers and ultimately courts to construe contracts to ascertain whether there is an exclusion clause that covers the consequences of an epidemic such as COVID-19.
The doctrine of frustration applies in circumstances where the contract does not provide for any exclusions covering COVID-19. Frustration is statutorily provided for by Section 56 of the Indian Contract Act, 1872 (Act).1
It bears emphasis that neither doctrine is a 'magic bullet' that relieves parties from discharging contractually agreed obligations. Much will depend on the facts of each case, the provisions of the contract, the nature of the supervening event(s), causative effects of the loss and each party's duty to mitigate. Generally, the approach of the court is to construe such clauses narrowly i.e. contra preferentum.2
Force Majeure Clauses
Force Majeure clauses are included in contracts in order to relieve one or more parties from performance on the happening of a supervening specified event(s). Whether COVID-19 can be construed as a force majeure event depends on the wording of the clause and the surrounding circumstances. The following factors play a significant role in determining force majeure:
The express terms of the clause
Typically, force majeure clauses provide a specified list of events that qualify as force majeure. Therefore, terms such as 'pandemic' or 'epidemic' will play a significant role in determining COVID-19 as a force majeure event. Most contracts entered into prior to COVID-19 do not make express provision for it. Parties will therefore need to ascertain whether the list of events specified in the exclusion clause is exhaustive or merely descriptive.
Open ended words
Expressions such as 'unforeseen', 'extraordinary' and 'beyond reasonable control of the parties' may be construed by a sympathetic court to find COVID-19 as a force majeure event, particularly given governmental orders shutting down all commercial activity, barring essentials. Government of India has notified COVID-19 as a disaster under the Disaster Management Act, 2005. There is however no general rule in interpreting force majeure clauses, as the exclusions differs from case to case.
Conditions for Invocation
Notwithstanding the use of wide words of exclusion, many contracts stipulate conditions that require to be satisfied for a declaration of force majeure. For instance, the clause may require the supervening event to hinder the performance of the contract or that it partly or wholly prevents performance.
Much will depend on how the court regards the conduct of the party who is seeking to rely on COVID-19 as a force majeure event and whether COVID-19 genuinely prevented such performance or is being used as an excuse to resile from a contract. The following principles emerge from past cases:
(i) mere difficulty in performance of the contract will not suffice to satisfy the requirement of an impossibility to perform. Therefore, difficulty in conducting business during COVID-19 may not be sufficient to invoke force majeure;
(ii) increase in cost of performing the contract does not amount to impossibility or prevention of performance.4 Clearly, the cost of doing business has increased during times of COVID-19. However, that by and of itself may not justify the invocation of force majeure;
(iii) Parties must demonstrate that an uncontemplated supervening event, is the sole cause for the default of performance.3 Courts will not relieve parties of their bargain, if there existed other causes that would have led to the default. This is also known as the 'but for' test. The court will need to be satisfied that but for the supervening event, parties would have performed their obligations;5 and
(iv) The supervening event rendering performance impossible must have occurred without the fault of the party.6 This is relevant to essential industries such as shipping, which may be allowed to operate (subject to restrictions) by procuring certain government clearances. If a party fails to procure such a clearance, the court may not relieve the party of its contractual obligations, as the supervening event occurred due to the party's default.
Notice Requirements
The party claiming the benefit of the exemption must give sufficient and prompt notice to the other party regarding the circumstances causing the impossibility or difficulties in performing the contract. A failure to give notice has been held to deny the party's claim to invoke the force majeure clause.7
Mitigating the effects of a force majeure event
The party claiming force majeure must establish that it used reasonable efforts to mitigate the effects of the excluded event. The burden is cast on the party seeking to be relieved to establish that the excluded event actually and fully prevented it from performing its obligations under the contract. If alternative modes of performance were available (though strictly not as per the contract), this would be a factor the court would take into account when deciding whether to uphold that party's reliance on the force majeure clause.
Suspension or termination
Suspension or termination of the contract will depend on the wording of the force majeure clause. Typically, most force majeure clauses provide for the suspension of the contract during the duration of the force majeure event.8
Frustration of a contract in India under Section 56 of the Act, provides that a contract becomes void when its performance is impossible or unlawful subsequent to making such a contract. Unlike a force majeure clause, a contract that is frustrated is automatically dissolved.9
The party claiming frustration must prove that COVID-19 rendered performance of the contract impossible. The legal principles relating to impossibility of performance under force majeure clauses, apply equally to frustration of contracts. More fundamentally, the event causing impossibility should not have been in existence before the contract or in the contemplation of parties while making the contract.10
As frustration results in termination of the contract, the supervening event must continue for a substantial part of the contractual period. The contract will not be regarded as frustrated if the supervening event merely renders its performance impossible for a short duration. Mere delay caused by any event is not sufficient to frustrate a contract. The delay must be such that it upsets the whole commercial basis of the contract.11 As the lock-downs due to COVID-19 are of a temporary character, parties seeking to contend that their contracts are frustrated will have to demonstrate the time sensitive nature of their obligations.
The issues identified above provide an overview of the ingredients of the law on force majeure and the doctrine of frustration and provide a flavour of what can arise under a range of commercial contracts. Invocation of force majeure and cancellation of a contract due to frustration, will seldom be straight-forward. Market volatility will be the underlying motive for triggering these provisions, entailing considerable litigation. Parties must be vigilant and should carefully consider the declaration of a force majeure or termination of contract, as a wrong invocation will almost certainly invite legal action. In the event of any doubt, seek prompt legal advice.
1 Satyabrata Ghose vs. Mugneeram Bangur & Co., 1954 SCR 310.
2 Energy Watchdog and Ors. vs. Central Electricity Regulatory Commission and Ors., (2017) 14 SCC 80.
3 Energy Watchdog Case (Supra note 2).
5 Ezekiel Abraham Gubray vs. Ranjusroy Golabroy, AIR 1921 Cal 305.
6 Boothalinga Agencies vs. V.T.C. Poriaswamy Nadar, AIR 1969 SC 110.
7 Madura Coats Pvt. Ltd. and Ors. vs. ARKAY Energy (Rameswaram) Ltd. and Ors.,
8 SPIC SMO, A Division of Southern Petrochemical Industries Corporation Ltd. vs. Tamil Nadu Electricity Board, (2013) 1 CTC 500.
9 Satyabrata Ghose Case (Supra note 1).
10 The Naihati Jute Mills Ltd. vs. Khyaliram Jagannath, AIR 1968 SC 522.
11 Satyabrata Ghose Case (Supra note 1).
Originally published 31 July, 2020
The above is a generic analysis and should not be regarded as a substitute for specific advice based on the facts of a client's objectives and specific commercial agreements reached. Please do reach out to us at mail@zba.co.in for any queries.
Zarir Bharucha
India Coronavirus (COVID-19) Litigation, Contracts and Force Majeure Corporate/Commercial Law Corporate and Company Law
POPULAR ARTICLES ON: Coronavirus (COVID-19) from India
Part I – Labour Code 2020
LexCounsel Law Offices
On September 23, 2020, the Parliament of India passed 3 (three) long awaited labour codes, namely (a) the Industrial Relations Code Bill, 2020...
Code on Wages, 2019 – Key Features And Highlights
PDS Legal
The definition of ‘wages' varies across labour legislations in India.
The Social Security Code, 2020
Obhan & Associates
The Social Security Code, 2020 ("SS Code") has been passed by both houses of the Parliament and received Presidential assent on September 28, 2020.
The Industrial Relations Code, 2020
On September 28, 2020, three new labour law codes namely, the Industrial Relations Code, 2020, the Occupational Safety, Health and Working Conditions Code, 2020 and the Code on Social Security, 2020
The Occupational Safety, Health And Working Conditions Code, 2020
The Occupational Safety, Health and Working Conditions Code, 2020 ("OSH Code") received the President's assent on September 28, 2020
The Three New Labour Codes: An Overview
Clasis Law
With a view to reform the archaic labour laws and to facilitate the ease of doing business in India, the Government of India had decided to consolidate twenty nine (29) central labour laws ...
The COVID-19 Fallouts: Sports And Legal Obligations Due To Cancellation Of Events Singh & Associates
Force Majeure: Impact On Leave And License Agreements HSA Advocates
Will Force Majeure Come To The Rescue Of Contractors? Rajani Associates
No Entitlement For Claiming Force Majeure Relief During COVID-19 LexOrbis
Contracts And Force Majeure During A Pandemic: A View From India lus Laboris
Legal Retainer-ship And COVID-19-Futuristic Approach S.S. Rana & Co. Advocates
Force Majeure And Commercial Lease Alpha Partners
Webinar: Global Investigations During The Covid 19 Pandemic The Law Offices of Panag & Babu
Insurance Regulatory Round-up: 2020 Tuli & Co
Government Notifications & Court Orders - Week Commencing... Trilegal
Arbitration, Litigation and Conciliation
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0012.json.gz/line2047
|
__label__wiki
| 0.797612
| 0.797612
|
Litigation, Mediation & Arbitration
Most Read: Contributor UK, February 2020
UK: Casefile: RJ v. HB [2018] EWHC 2833 (Comm)
by Dan Bodle , James Langley and Matthew Vinall
Does section 68 of the Arbitration Act 1996 allow the court to remove an arbitrator?
Section 68 of the English Arbitration Act 1996 (s.68) allows the English courts to set aside an award on grounds of serious irregularity. In a rare example of a successful challenge under s.68, the Commercial Court in the recent case of RJ v. HB [2018] EWHC 2833 (Comm) partially set aside an ICC award in a US$75 million banking dispute. However, the judge (Mr Justice Andrew Baker) decided the court has no power under s.68 to remove an arbitrator. To remove an arbitrator, a party must make a separate application under section 24 of the Arbitration Act 1996 (s.24).
The claimant in the arbitration was a businessman (HB) who owned a controlling interest in a bank (Bank A) and wanted to buy a controlling interest in another bank (Bank B).
The respondents were another businessman (RJ) and an investment company he controlled (L Co). RJ agreed to give HB US$75 million (through L Co) so HB could buy Bank B. Under that agreement, it was possible that RJ would receive a 25 per cent interest in Bank B from HB after Bank A and Bank B merged. HB did not transfer the 25 per cent interest in Bank B to RJ and said he did not have to do so.
The premise of HB's position was that RJ had decided not to take the 25 per cent interest and had, therefore, breached his obligation to get the necessary permissions to do so. RJ and L Co agreed they had not taken the 25 per cent interest but said their failure to do so had not involved any breach of any obligation.
The sole arbitrator found that RJ had breached the agreement. Nonetheless, his award declared that RJ was the beneficial owner of the shares HB had bought in Bank 2 with RJ's US$75 million, stating that those shares referred to the 25 per cent interest envisaged by the agreement. No party had sought such a declaration or relief during the arbitration.
Serious irregularity
The judge found that nothing during the arbitration suggested the arbitrator was considering making an award in the terms he did. For an arbitrator to decide a dispute on a basis significantly different to anything raised by or with the parties during the arbitration did amount to a serious irregularity if it would cause substantial injustice. Therefore, the judge further decided the award should be set aside. That left the question – should the original arbitrator be the person to consider the issue afresh?
Removal of an arbitrator
Previously, conflicting case law meant that it was unclear whether s.68 allowed a court to remove an arbitrator if it decided that serious irregularity affected his award. Whether such a power existed under s.68, or only under s.24, was an important issue of principle. Under s.24, the relevant arbitrator is a necessary party to the application. However, this is not the case for an application under s.68 to set aside an award affected by serious irregularity.
The judge decided that because the arbitrator was not a party to the s.68 proceedings before him, it would be inappropriate for him to decide whether to remove the arbitrator. However, he added that if it had been necessary to decide whether to remove the arbitrator, s.68 did not give the court power to do so. Instead, a party needed to make a separate application under s.24.
Mr Justice Andrew Baker's comments are consistent with the decisions in Norbrook Laboratories Ltd v. Tank [2006] EWHC 1055 (Comm) and Brake v. Patley Wood Farm LLP [2014] EWHC 1439 (Ch). In those cases the parties assumed that they had to make an application under s.24. However, in RJ v. HB, RJ had assumed that s.68 allowed the court to remove an arbitrator if serious irregularity affected his award. The judge in Secretary of State for the Home Department v. Raytheon Systems Ltd [2015] EWHC 311 (TCC), had agreed with that approach in a case where no s.24 application was made. Mr Justice Andrew Baker's remarks in RJ v. HB suggest that he believes that judge's decision was wrong.
The need to make a s.24 application to remove an arbitrator when that arbitrator has to decide an issue afresh may cause difficulties if that arbitrator also remains in place to decide other outstanding issues. It remains to be seen whether future cases involving a s.68 challenge will tackle this problem.
Dentons is the world's first polycentric global law firm. A top 20 firm on the Acritas 2015 Global Elite Brand Index, the Firm is committed to challenging the status quo in delivering consistent and uncompromising quality and value in new and inventive ways. Driven to provide clients a competitive edge, and connected to the communities where its clients want to do business, Dentons knows that understanding local cultures is crucial to successfully completing a deal, resolving a dispute or solving a business challenge. Now the world's largest law firm, Dentons' global team builds agile, tailored solutions to meet the local, national and global needs of private and public clients of any size in more than 125 locations serving 50-plus countries. www.dentons.com.
Dan Bodle
James Langley
Matthew Vinall
UK Litigation, Mediation & Arbitration Arbitration & Dispute Resolution
POPULAR ARTICLES ON: Litigation, Mediation & Arbitration from UK
Arbitrator Duties – Apparent Bias And Impartiality And RICS Guidance
Shepherd and Wedderburn LLP
On 27 November 2020, the UK Supreme Court delivered its judgment in the case of Halliburton Company v Chubb Bermuda Insurance Ltd...
UK Opt-Out Class Actions – A New (Anti)Competitive Landscape
On 11 December 2020, the UK Supreme Court handed down its highly anticipated judgment in the case of Mastercard v Merricks.
The Curious Case Of ABC V. Network Rail: Wasn't It Obvious?
At first glance, the Court of Appeal's recent decision in ABC Electrification Ltd v Network Rail Infrastructure Ltd [2020] EWCA Civ 1645
Supreme Court Clarifies Key Principles And Reinforces Arbitration-friendly Approach
Walker Morris
Commercial dispute resolution specialists Gwendoline Davies, Lynsey Oakdene and Nick McQueen consider two recent Supreme Court judgments of significance to the international arbitration community.
Lord Woolf's Reforms And Civil Procedure Rules 1998
STA Law Firm
Law may seem an unchanging presence that looms over all.
Disclosure Of Documents In Civil Proceedings In England And Wales
Hogan Lovells International LLP
A note on the disclosure of documents in civil proceedings in England and Wales.
Arbitrator Duties – Apparent Bias And Impartiality And RICS Guidance Shepherd and Wedderburn LLP
Supreme Court Clarifies Key Principles And Reinforces Arbitration-friendly Approach Walker Morris
Apparent Bias In Arbitration – Avoiding And Challenging It Gowling WLG
Enka V Chubb: Recent UK Supreme Court Decision Might Require Parties To Consider Adding Additional Language To International Arbitration Clauses Where London Is The Seat Of Arbitration Volterra Fietta
Halliburton V Chubb: U.K. Supreme Court Rules On Arbitrator Bias WilmerHale
ICC Arbitration Rules 2021: 10 Key Changes You Need To Know Mayer Brown
Expert Witnesses Owe A Fiduciary Duty Of Loyalty To Clients Duane Morris LLP
Development Cases Round-Up 2020: Key Decisions Despite Covid Chaos Walker Morris
Enforcing Judgments Of The Courts Of England And Wales In Italian Courts From January 2021 Giambrone & Partners
Analysis: UK Supreme Court Approves Global FRAND Licensing In Judgment On Unwired Planet And Conversant Appeals Bristows
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0012.json.gz/line2048
|
__label__wiki
| 0.738956
| 0.738956
|
MSE to refer Starling bounce back loan complaints to regulator
Callum Mason, News Reporter
MoneySavingExpert.com is to ask the financial regulator to investigate after receiving scores of complaints from sole traders who've been rejected for 'bounce back loans' with challenger bank Starling.
Small businesses struggling due to coronavirus can now apply for a new 100% state-backed bounce back loan worth up to £50,000, with no interest charged or repayments needed in the first 12 months. Many banks only allow existing business customers to apply for these loans, but Starling allowed new customers to apply if they opened a business or sole trader account.
But many sole traders – people who run their own businesses as individuals – have found their applications have been rejected by Starling and say they're "frustrated" after being given "no explanation". A significant number of the complaints centre on the fact that applicants were credit checked even though they were told they would not be.
We decided to look into this, as we'd suggested Starling may be a good option for those who wanted speedy new customer loans – as it had a good track record for fast digital applications – so we felt it important to check out what was going wrong. Below, we run through some of the complaints we've had from readers and also explain what you can do if you've been rejected for a bounce back loan with Starling.
Starling has provided a detailed response to the complaints we've had and insists it's done nothing wrong, though it has acknowledged some poor communication in the application process. But MSE is sending a dossier of the complaints we've seen to the Financial Conduct Authority (FCA) and British Business Bank (BBB), the state-owned bank which runs the scheme, asking them to investigate.
See our new Bounce Back Loans guide for full info on how they work and how to apply.
Martin: 'It should have managed expectations better'
MoneySavingExpert.com founder Martin Lewis said: "While the bulk of Starling bounce back loan applications seem to have gone through relatively smoothly, the challenger bank has still left a constituency of thousands – especially new customer sole traders – who applied for its bounce back loans feeling upset and often angry. The difficulty we've faced, without being able to call on comparison data from other banks or get the firm answers we need, is to work out whether Starling crossed the line from disappointment to unfair behaviour, and breached the rules.
"Ultimately, this is a decision for a regulator. So we have spoken to the Financial Conduct Authority and the British Business Bank, which organises these loans, and we will be sending them our Starling dossier, including many applicants' testament. We are asking them to investigate if Starling has breached the rules and acted unfairly.
"Certainly, as a bare minimum, it's hard to shrug off a feeling that Starling bit off more than it can chew here. The challenger bank is known for its swiftness and digital efficiency for consumer banking. Yet in recent times, it has been pushing to crack the business banking market – and indeed that's almost certainly behind its move to push itself forward as a new option for bounce back loans, and as part of that, it required businesses and sole traders to move their main accounts to it.
"It could and should have managed expectations better, and more prominently explained its operating protocols about doing a soft credit score – as the scheme doesn't require it – and that it would not be accepting all customers, especially sole traders. The fact it hasn't has left many small businesses and sole traders without much-needed cash for longer – which can have substantial impacts in this time of financial crisis. They could've applied elsewhere.
"Even if it has done nothing that breaches the rules, that has no doubt left a sour taste in the mouths of those impacted and could put a dent in the business brand Starling is trying to build."
What have applicants said?
A number of angry sole traders have contacted Martin after being rejected for bounce back loans. Here's a sample of what some said back in mid-March. Below these, we have a Q&A with some of the key questions that Twitter users have been putting to Martin:
Yes I’m one of them.
Sole trader. Business account. Tax returns uploaded. All information provided. Declined with no explanation or reason. I haven’t applied anywhere else. So frustrating.
— Sarah Louise (@secondhome2010) May 15, 2020
So disappointed with starling bank i fully meet criteria full accounts returns submitted! Had a credit check also annoying then this pic.twitter.com/jiNLtr7si3
— RM Works (@EventPeoplerec) May 18, 2020
Sole trader BBL declined by starling with no explanation but I meet criteria. Most banks require you to have a business account with them to apply so means having to set up a whole new account to apply elsewhere. Some like starling won’t even open sole trader accounts right now
— Charlotte Wedge (@charw3112) May 17, 2020
You can surely see why everyone is frustrated? It was billed as a help for those in need, not a loan you have to jump through a load of hoops and pass a credit check to get? Surely that’s just a normal loan? If we could get those none of us would need this in the first place?
— Mark (@Mark53438949) May 18, 2020
Has Starling behaved fairly with customers?
As we can see from the tweets above, many customers have had angry reactions to Starling rejecting them for bounce back loans. Here, we've tried to address some of the key bugbears that people have sent to Martin and MoneySavingExpert.com:
'Starling credit checked me for a loan – even though it told me it wouldn't, and the Government said a credit check wasn't necessary.' Some Starling customers have complained about being credit checked as part of the application process, even though the customer declaration they were shown stated that "the lender will not conduct any form of credit or affordability check" and bounce back loans are covered by a Government guarantee, so credit checks aren't required.
Starling has confirmed it did do a 'soft' credit check on new customers – this means you'll see the search if you check your file, but lenders won't, so it doesn't impact your creditworthiness for future applications. It says no 'hard' credit checks – which lenders can see – were performed.
The BBB told us that while lenders cannot generally undertake credit checks for bounce back loan applications, banks can credit check applicants who are new customers and are opening an account with them for the first time.
Lenders can also do anti-fraud checks, known as anti-money laundering (AML) and know your customer (KYC) checks, on existing customers applying for bounce back loans – and these may be 'embedded' in a lender's existing credit checks, in which case the lender must disregard 'pure credit' related flags (ie, ignore any info purely relating to a customer's creditworthiness when deciding whether to lend). Starling said it did do this with existing customers, but that credit checks on them were disregarded unless they gave rise to fraud concerns, in line with the rules.
When asked why it had incorrectly told customers they wouldn't be credit checked, Starling told us its 'customer declaration' form (shown below) was provided by the BBB and couldn't be changed, and that the term merely means the customer is waiving their rights to a claim against the bank for mis-selling.
It's worth noting Starling's not alone in doing 'soft' credit checks on new customers. HSBC, the other main bounce back loan option for those applying as new customers, also does it.
Below is the image from Starling's customer declaration form:
'Starling told me affordability checks wouldn't be done – but they have been.' The BBB says that banks cannot undertake affordability checks as part of bounce back loan applications, and as seen in the terms above, Starling said it would not perform these. So some applicants were shocked to see on their credit file that an affordability check had apparently been carried out.
Starling told us it hasn't done checks on whether customers can repay their loans, but it's admitted that some of the anti-money laundering and fraud checks it's carried out do involve inquiries that are labelled as 'affordability checks' by credit-scoring services.
We asked the BBB to confirm that it's happy the checks Starling carried out complied with the bounce back loan rules. Its press office told us it wouldn't be able to comment on specific cases, so we've asked the BBB to look into exactly what checks were carried out as part of sending it our dossier.
Here's an example of how one applicant was shown an "affordability search" was carried out (you'll need to click the tweet to see the full screengrab):
So nice to see that Starling did an affordability check against me when applying to them. 😡 despite the BBB stance on KYC/AML pic.twitter.com/oKdRPUGVP3
— Sally is barely surviving (@sally_chamness) May 28, 2020
'Starling said that it would accept people with poor credit history, but it hasn't accepted me.' Starling previously had the FAQ pictured on the right on its website, which says that it would be able to support businesses with poor credit histories.
Starling says this FAQ did not mean it would support every business with a poor credit history, and merely meant some businesses with a poor credit history would be eligible, provided they met other criteria. However, it says it has now removed this wording to avoid confusion and has admitted: "We failed to properly communicate this change and we apologise."
'I was approved for a loan and then told I had been rejected – why?' At least one Starling applicant (below) told us they were informed they had been approved for a bounce back loan, only to then be told they'd actually been rejected.
Starling told us that once it's approved a loan and a customer has signed the documents, the loan will normally be paid out the following day at the latest. But it's admitted that in about five cases, its "final checks" revealed "risk issues" and it had to cancel the approved application.
'I'm a sole trader and don't understand why I've been rejected.' The bank says that after reviewing sole trader applications, it noticed that a high proportion of applicants fell into a high credit-risk category, for example because they had no credit record, a very poor credit record, a high level of borrowing and/or extended credit facilities, and/or had failed to make repayments on some of these.
A Starling spokesperson said: "We believe that it's not responsible to offer a loan to self-employed individuals when we believe there is a high likelihood of them being unable to repay.
"With bounce bank loans, even though we as a bank should eventually get the money back from the Government guarantee in the event of a default, the borrower is not similarly protected and will have a default registered on their credit file if they're unable to repay."
This will be disappointing to many who applied, as the mood music over bounce bank loans was that if eligible, there would be little judgement criteria. Starling also added that it felt it should decline as quickly as possible all applications that it was unlikely to accept, so these applicants could apply to other banks.
If you are an existing Starling customer who believes you were rejected purely because of having a poor credit history, please let us know at news@moneysavingexpert.com.
'Starling has stopped me getting a loan from another lender.' It shouldn't have stopped you. This was another theme of the complaints we've seen – but while it's true that a rejection from Starling may have delayed applicants getting a loan, it's important to understand that if you're turned down for a bounce back loan by one lender, you can still apply elsewhere. And as Starling says it's only carried out a 'soft' credit check, other lenders shouldn't be able to tell that you've been turned down by Starling when they check you.
It is possible that banks could ask you if you've applied elsewhere as part of the application process, but we've not yet seen any evidence of this happening. HSBC – the main remaining alternative option for new customers – told us it's not asking on its application form if you've already applied elsewhere.
'Is Starling denying more people loans than other banks?' We have tried to investigate this, but frustratingly we're not able to get any definitive numbers on it.
Starling itself told us on Monday 18 May it'd had 18,161 applications and had rejected 16% of these. It says it doesn't know if this is higher than other banks, and given no other banks would give us full rejection data, it's difficult to compare. HSBC says it had received 106,419 applications and approved 67,890 of these as of Sunday 17 May, but the first figure will include applications it hadn't processed yet and hadn't explicitly rejected.
Anecdotally, Martin has received what he considers to be a disproportionate number of complaints about Starling compared to other banks. Though, as he says, it's difficult to know how significant this is. It could be because it was one of our main options for getting a bounce back loan if you're not an existing customer – and acceptance criteria may well be stricter for new customers than those where banks have an existing relationship.
'Applying to Starling and being rejected means I'll be short of money for longer.' This is almost certainly true for most – and an unavoidable consequence of being rejected for a bounce back loan when you can only submit one application at a time. A rejection from Starling shouldn't impact your ability to get cash elsewhere – yet it will delay your other application, and with timing crucial for many who are struggling at the moment, the delay may be a problem in itself.
Will I be able to get a bounce back loan with another lender after being rejected by Starling?
UK Finance, which represents banks, says there is no rule stopping those who've been rejected for a bounce back loan applying to another bank.
If you have a business account with another bank, this should be your first port of call, as generally you'll be accepted quicker. If you don't have a business account with another bank though, your options are limited, as most banks will only offer bounce back loans to existing business customers, and although some allow you to open a business account and then get a loan, the mood music we're getting from banks is that this will be a very slow process.
The main exception to this is HSBC. HSBC allows you to open a temporary feeder account, from which it will send you the bounce back loan funds to an account of your choice.
It says it is still actively accepting and approving applications from new customers, and that just because you've been rejected by Starling that doesn't mean it will reject you. However, bear in mind it will have its own acceptance criteria, so don't assume you'll definitely be accepted.
In fact, it does warn that it does have to do some due diligence and checks on applicants, including a soft credit check. It also says applications from new customers will take longer than applications from existing ones, so don't expect a particularly quick turnaround – in fact, anecdotally we've heard of customers having to wait a couple of weeks or more to get the loans.
Barclays is also still offering bounce back loans to new customers, though it doesn't offer a feeder account option and requires you to open a new account, which is likely to be a longer process. For more info on your options, see our Bounce Back Loans guide.
Please let us know how you get on after a Starling rejection, and whether other banks accept you or reject you, via the comments below.
What does Starling say?
Update. It has got in touch with us with the following quote as a result of our article:
"We have been in communication with the British Business Bank, HM Treasury and the Financial Conduct Authority throughout the BBLS (Bounce Back Loans Scheme) process. That dialogue continues. We have reached out to the FCA following the MSE article and are happy to further discuss our experience of the BBLS with them.
"We are following the BBB rules on BBLS lending to the letter. We do not conduct hard credit checks, and only conduct soft credit checks as an integral part of our fraud, anti-money laundering and know your customer checks, according to the BBB's own requirements. We are not conducting affordability checks. We use the same declaration form as all other BBLS lenders – it is provided by the BBB.
"We are proud to have been able to help nearly 16,000 small businesses by supplying more than £468 million of bounce back loans, with an average loan value of £26,300. Within four days of being approved as a lender, we started accepting BBLS applications. Our average BBLS processing time is 43 hours, and the average time from application to loan payment is 55 hours.
"There have been some businesses and sole traders that we have not been able to lend to. We understand that they are disappointed. We acknowledge that at the start of this process we could have communicated more clearly some aspects of our lending criteria. We are sorry."
Get Our Free Money Tips Email!
For all the latest deals, guides and loopholes - join the 12m who get it. Don't miss out
Join the MSE Forum Discussion
This is an open discussion and the comments do not represent the views of MSE. We want everyone to enjoy using our site but spam, bullying and offensive comments will not be tolerated. Posts may be deleted and repeat offenders blocked at our discretion. Please contact fbteam@moneysavingexpert.com if you wish to report any comments.
Revealed: 100,000+ overpaid student loans last year because they were on the WRONG payment plan – how to reclaim
More than 100,000 people overpaid student loans in the last year alone as they were recorded as being on the wrong loan plan – and many can reclaim £100s or even £1,000s
HSBC, First Direct, M&S Bank or John Lewis Finance customer? If you’ve been in arrears in the past you may be sent a cheque for £100
HSBC Group says an internal review uncovered instances where customers in arrears hadn't been received the quality of service expected between 2010 and 2019.
Revealed: 700,000+ overpaid a combined £100m+ on student loans last year – how to reclaim
A huge number of graduates and other student loan borrowers repaid over £100m more than they needed to last year, new figures obtained by MoneySavingExpert.com reveal. The vast majority of this cash hasn't been claimed back - but the good news is, if you've overpaid, it's easy to reclaim
Student Loans Company's new 'quick repayment' tool is dangerous and irresponsible, says Martin Lewis
MoneySavingExpert.com is today slamming "irresponsible and dangerous" changes made by the Student Loans Company to its website, which fly in the face of evidence and recommendations presented to both it and the Government
Loans Coronavirus
Get this free weekly email full of deals, guides & it's spam free
| RSS feed
| MSE Deals
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0012.json.gz/line2049
|
__label__wiki
| 0.686777
| 0.686777
|
bill sharman wife
“As he said later, he put the full court press on me,” she recalled. And even for him it wasn’t easy or quick. “One day I got very angry,” Riley recalled. it will apply to data controlled jointly by the NBA and WarnerMedia as well as other data controlled by WarnerMedia. Kobe Bryant admitted he can be temperamental, stand-offish and impatient with his teammates. He’s meant a great deal to the success of the Lakers and to me personally, and he will be missed terribly. Cousy, alas, could not make it Saturday because his beloved wife of 62 years, Missy, had just died. After the cars were towed a middle-aged, well-dressed man stormed into the office and she prepared for a hail of abuse. And he recounted the day Sharman said he had heard that Riley was a pretty good pool player. “I hate the color green, but I’m wearing them in honor of Bill’s beloved Boston Celtics,” he said as a collective chuckle swept through the crowd. He married his longtime girlfriend Joyce Sharman. Bertka recalled being called in by mercurial owner Jack Kent Cooke, along with GM Fred Schaus and broadcaster Chick Hearn, after the 1970-71 season. Early in-person voting in the South Bay now open, “Alone with her Dreams” – Looking up [MOVIE REVIEW], Microgaming Integrates the Megaways Mechanic into Their Future Games, 50th Easy Reader Anniversary Writing, Photography Contest Rules, Best of the Beach 2020 Dining and Entertainment – Vote below, Easy Reader/Paul’s Photo Contest: St. Patricks, Frank Hallstein, Sr. was long Hermosa Beach locksmith, All Ball Sports: A new champ in town. For it wasn’t just hall-of-famers like West, Riley and Bryant who turned out for Sharman’s memorial service last Saturday at the Terranea Resort in Palos Verdes, a week after he died on Oct. 25 at age 87. film,
Basketball Coaches. Accessibility and Closed Caption |, The Point: Lakers Understood the Value of Consistency—Especially in Volatile Season. Bill Sharman Is A Member Of . His knowledge and passion for the game were unsurpassed, and the Lakers and our fans were beneficiaries of that. “Bill was also a great marbles player,” Reichman recalled. Unseld was born in Louisville, Kentucky, to Charles and Cornelia Unseld as one of nine children. “That’s the greatest way anyone can honor Bill,” his widow, Joyce Sharman, said. “Bill told me he wanted me to lead the league in assists and help Wilt Chamberlain score more,” West recalled.
Gemini Coach #31. Back then the league held a coin-flip among the top two picks to determine which team would pick first. …, Early in-person voting in the South Bay has begun and will continue through…, Manager Dave Roberts deserved this World Series title even more than his players. “When his teammates found out the models were live – and nude – all his friends wanted to help him.”. Born: 25-May-1926 Birthplace: Abilene, TX Died: 25-Oct-2013 Location of death: Redondo Beach, CA Cause of death: unspecified Gender: Male Race or Ethnicity: White Occupation: Basketball Nationality: United States Executive summary: Boston Celtics star and L.A. Lakers coach Military service: US Navy (1944-46, WWII) Wife: (two sons, two daughters)
But he always took the time to pass a few words with me each day,” Rothman recalled. Terms of Use | The voter turnout for the 2020 presidential election was massive by recent standards. My love and sympathy go to Joyce and Bill’s family.”. “I grew up in BoyleHeights. James Worthy and Joyce Sharmin (wife of Bill Sharmin) join us to talk about a fundraiser that includes raffling off Bill Sharman’s 2010 LA Lakers’ NBA Championship.
Gap W2 Former Employee, Harry Carson Wife, Fancy Business Names, Adam Cheng Daughter Winnie Cheng, Industrial Air Conditioners Prices, Middle Name For Theo, How To Tie Wire Leader To Braided Line, During Recoveries From Unusual Attitudes, Level Flight Is Attained The Instant, Triple Yahtzee Strategy, Valorant Team Discord, Blox Fruit Wiki, Coyote Puppies For Sale, What Happened To Love And Berry, 70s Moon Creatures Crossword Clue, Stardew Valley Points, Illinois Dnr Fishing Report, Ontario Lottomatic Predictions, Grand Velas Riviera Maya Live Webcam, Chestnut Flour Cake Jamie Oliver, Duel Links Data Transfer, 2007 Honda Civic Recall Engine Block, Aquarius 6945000 Fitting Instructions, Go Math Grade 5 Chapter 6, Valkyria Chronicles 2 Credits Guide, Blue Spotted Mudskipper For Sale, Paper Mario Master Quest Badges, Telemundo 47 Cast, Doom 32x Rom Hack, Candy Cartel Edibles, Filipino Restaurant Names, Wind River Hot Springs, Animal Crossing New Horizons Guide Officiel Pdf, Nubla 2 Trophy Guide, Tortues Ninja Film, Maura Dhu Studi, Lacerta Bilineata For Sale, Skull 3d Model Stl, Boies Schiller Clerkship Bonus, The Gulch Atlanta 2020, Nurse Jackie Pilot Script Pdf, Warzone Low Fps, Iharare Extreme Facebook Posts, Silver Airways Travel Bank, Stabbing Pain On Bone Behind Ear, Happy Birthday To One Of The Most Important Person In My Life übersetzung, Bertram Ramsay Secondary School Middlesbrough, Hidden Harbor Condo Association, Big Jay Oakerson Wife, Mirror Mirror Salon Kalispell Mt, How To Turn On Tv Speakers On Sharp Aquos, True Motion Duck Decoys,
bill sharman wife 2020
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0012.json.gz/line2050
|
__label__cc
| 0.643595
| 0.356405
|
Gatehouse hires two from Al Rayan
Gatehouse Bank has made two appointments from Al Rayan Bank in Umar Ali as head of home finance and Junaid Sarwar as business development manager.
Ali spent five years at Al Rayan and Sarwar spent six, before which he worked at Santander and Barclays Bank.
Paul Stockwell, Gatehouse Bank’s chief commercial officer, said: “We are delighted to have built a strong team of experienced specialists as we expand into the residential home finance sector.”
Opportunities for the broker market in today’s housing landscape
UK house prices rise 3.4%
Gatehouse named 2020’s best Islamic bank for property and real estate
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0012.json.gz/line2056
|
__label__wiki
| 0.770961
| 0.770961
|
Titanic mistakes
Blue Streak questions
Master and Commander: The Far Side of the World ending
Gal Gadot movies & TV shows
Braveheart quotes
Thor: Love and Thunder trivia
Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone mistake picture
The Firm plot
Willy Wonka & the Chocolate Factory (1971)
44 continuity mistakes
Directed by: Mel Stuart
Starring: Gene Wilder, Jack Albertson, Julie Dawn Cole, Peter Ostrum, Roy Kinnear
Genres: Comedy, Family, Fantasy, Musical
All mistakes 9 audio problems44 continuity mistakes1 factual error4 other mistakes15 revealing mistakes6 visible crew/equipment mistakes Order by popularity Order chronologically Suggested corrections Titles starting with W
Continuity mistake: When Charlie's mom and grandparents are watching the TV, hearing about the end of the Wonka contest, look at the TV. In the first shot, the left panel of the TV housing is missing. In the next immediate shot it is there, and remains for the rest of the scene.
Continuity mistake: When Charlie's grandad falls on him soon after getting news of his Golden Ticket win, one of the other old guys in the bed has a shocked look on his face. In the next shot however, the old guy now has his hand over his face and not enough time has passed for this to occur.
GalahadFairlight
Continuity mistake: When the kids stick out their hands to receive gobstoppers, Mr. Salt, who is standing behind them, changes position between shots.
Continuity mistake: When Willy Wonka first opens the door to the chocolate room for his guests, the long, shrinking corridor they've all just walked down is no longer behind them. Instead, there's now a short patio with a huge wrought-iron gate. (00:54:20)
Continuity mistake: When Willy Wonka comes out of the factory to greet the children who will be touring that day, he walks down a red carpet. A minute or so later the lucky children walk up the same carpet. As the scenes cut back and forth between Wonka and the children the viewer sees a shadow on the carpet of the building next door. At one point the shadow has shifted noticeably and then reverts to its former position.
Continuity mistake: When Charlie first comes home after he's got the golden ticket, he hands the ticket to his grandfather to read. After he says, "You've done it Charlie." and hands the ticket back to Charlie, look carefully. The ticket is thinner, less wrinkled, and doesn't have any writing on it.
Continuity mistake: When Charlie visits his mother at the Laundry, he sits down at the washing bowl. When you see Charlie from behind you can see the big wooden spoon sticking out of the bowl. When the shot turns to the front of Charlie, he is stirring the laundry with the spoon. In the next shot of Charlie from behind the spoon is in the exact same spot as previously - it hasn't moved.
Continuity mistake: While Charlie and Grandpa Joe are floating toward the fan, it is spinning in a clockwise direction; seconds later, when they get dangerously close to the fan, it is now turning counter-clockwise.
Continuity mistake: At the end of Veruca's song she sings "Don't care how, I want it now". In one shot her hands are at the far sides of the box, but in the next shot they are together at her sides.
Continuity mistake: As the case of wonka bars is being auctioned, and the auctioneer says "3000 pounds, 4500 pounds", his arms go from being at the edge of the table to next to his sides.
Continuity mistake: At the start of the movie, when the school children are running out of the school towards the candy store, the time visible on the school clock is 3 o'clock. At Bill's candy store right next door the time is 3.20.
Continuity mistake: After Charlie gets the chocolate bar for his birthday the position of his fingers on the bar change between shots.
Continuity mistake: When Charlie is working with Mr. Turpentine on the wart-removing potion, the bottles and cups on the table change between shots.
Continuity mistake: When the first "good egg" falls on the eggdacator, its position changes between shots.
Continuity mistake: When Charlie sees the newspaper about how the fifth ticket was faked, the position of the newspaper in the man's hands changes between shots.
Continuity mistake: After Wonka tells Mr. Salt a waterfall mixing chocolate gets it just right, both men are very close together, but the next shot of them shows Salt further away from Wonka than before.
Continuity mistake: In the scene after Charlie brings home the loaf of bread, his mom moves in front of the television set near Grandparents George and Georgina, but the closeup of George and Georgina shows Charlie's mom nowhere near the TV set.
Continuity mistake: When Wonka enters the shrinking corridor, he pauses in front of the wooden door, to the right of the viewer but the next shot shows him further to the left.
Continuity mistake: When Charlie gives his pay to his mom, Grandparents George and Georgina are asleep but their head still change from lying at an angle to straight as the shots change.
Continuity mistake: Outside the Inventing Room, Veruca and her father stand about a foot apart from each other, but the next quick shot shows Veruca standing in front of her dad's left arm.
More for Willy Wonka & the Chocolate Factory
Revealing mistake: When Violet turns into the blueberry you can see the reflection of the blue light in her hair. But in the same scenes where blue make-up is used instead of the light, you can see the regular flesh-tone under her hair and in her parting.
More mistakes in Willy Wonka & the Chocolate Factory
Willy Wonka: Charlie, don't forget what happened to the man who suddenly got everything he always wanted.
Charlie Bucket: What happened?
Willy Wonka: He lived happily ever after.
More quotes from Willy Wonka & the Chocolate Factory
Trivia: The novel's writer, Roald Dahl, hated this movie version of his story.
More trivia for Willy Wonka & the Chocolate Factory
Question: When Charlie goes into the candy shop and gets a Scrumdiddlyumptious bar, he gobbles it down and the man warns him he'll get a stomach ache. The fifth golden ticket had been found (or so Charlie thinks at this point), so he can't be digging for it. I've never understood: what was the point in eating it so fast?
Macalou
Chosen answer: In the original book, Charlie has an obsession with chocolate that he only satiates once a year on his birthday. Also, at this point in the book, the Bucket family is going through an extremely hard time and Charlie has had less food than he usually would have, so he is EXTREMELY hungry.
More questions & answers from Willy Wonka & the Chocolate Factory
Mistake & trivia booksMost popular pagesBest movie mistakesBest mistake picturesBest comedy movie quotesMovies with the most mistakesNew this monthTitanic mistakesPrison Break mistakesThe biggest mistakes of 2020Blue Streak questionsMaster and Commander: The Far Side of the World endingGal Gadot movies & TV showsBraveheart quotesThor: Love and Thunder triviaHarry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone mistake pictureThe Firm plotMore for Willy Wonka & the Chocolate Factory
When Violet turns into the blueberry you can see the reflection of the blue light in her hair. But in the same scenes where blue make-up is used instead of the light, you can see the regular flesh-tone under her hair and in her parting.
Mr. Salt: What is this, Wonka? Some kind of fun house?Willy Wonka: Why? Having fun?
The novel's writer, Roald Dahl, hated this movie version of his story.
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0012.json.gz/line2059
|
__label__cc
| 0.653242
| 0.346758
|
STRATEGY & CULTURE CHANGE
Measuring wellbeing
EVALUATION & IMPACT ASSESSMENT
Social Return on Investment (SROI)
Measuring Local Economic Impact (LM3)
Multi-Criteria Appraisal (MCA)
Social and Environmental Cost-Benefit Analysis (SCBA)
Prove and Improve Tools
Prove It!
TRAINING & WORKSHOP FACILITATION
Creating a Theory of Change
Measuring Social Impact
Briefing: SROI
Measuring Local Economic Impact
Commissioning for Outcomes and Social Value
Briefing: Outcomes-based commissioning and social value
Introduction to community economic development (CED)
Introduction to co-production
Value for Money Training
OPEN TRAINING CALENDAR
OPEN TRAINING BOOKING FORM
Social Enterprise Balanced Scorecard
Home OUR SERVICES EVALUATION & IMPACT ASSESSMENT Prove and Improve Tools Social Enterprise Balanced Scorecard
Primary purpose
Potential benefits
Who can use the tool?
What resources are needed?
Development, ownership and support
Social enterprise examples
Further sources of information
Social Enterprise London’s (SEL) version of the balanced scorecard (BSC) was developed expressly to help social enterprises to clarify and articulate their strategic objectives, and decide how they will deliver their multiple bottom lines. It was also designed to give organisations a mechanism to track performance holistically through both quantitative and qualitative information. This is primarily an internal management tool, drawing upon business concepts. Some of the measures the organisation adopts may also be used for external reporting as appropriate.
The organisation essentially creates a visual representation of the critical elements of its strategy for the social side (encompassing social, environmental, and economic objectives) as well as the financial side – or business sustainability. The process then helps the organisation to identify the key drivers or ways of achieving success from these social and financial perspectives by identifying what key stakeholders want from the organisation, and what processes the organisation needs to put in place internally for it to deliver these things.
The first step involves creating a strategy map. This is done by identifying the organisation’s goals, and choosing between two and four key goals to focus on. These are described at the top level of the strategy map. Underneath these goals, objectives need to be agreed for each of four ‘perspectives’.
This is done by asking:
What are the financial objectives for how the organisation earns and uses resources?
What are the organisation’s key stakeholder groups? What does each stakeholder want the organisation to be? (These are called ‘value propositions’).
What internal processes does the organisation need to excel at in order to deliver what stakeholders want? These are usually activities that take place across teams or across the organisation.
What skill sets, information technology, or access to networks/information/sectors does the organisation need in order to complete the internal processes?
Sample strategy map:
Key: White circles reflect objectives
Dotted arrows reflect cause and effect linkages
Note: this is meant as an example; organisations customise their strategy maps to reflect their goals.
It should be possible to use the completed strategy map to tell the organisation’s story on a single side of paper. It will be important to check with members of the organisation if the map fully illustrates their understanding of what the organisation is aiming to achieve and how it is doing so.
The next step involves creating a performance measurement schedule for each perspective, and a line for each objective. After stating each objective from the strategy map, this should describe how success is to be measured, by setting performance targets on a relevant time frame (e.g., quarterly, twice a year), and assigning someone to be responsible for delivering on, and measuring that objective.
This measurement should be undertaken regularly using quantitative and qualitative data, in order to track performance, communicate success to internal or external stakeholders, and check that the strategy is working and that the assumptions that have been made are accurate.
The strengths of the Social Enterprise Balanced Scorecard (BSC) are in strategy development in helping an organisation to keep its activities on track to meet its most important objectives. Participants in a BSC training programme with SEL found it helped them to sharpen their focus and clarity with regard to strategic planning and measuring progress on their strategic objectives. It also enabled them to see the various aspects of the organisation on one page, and gave them ‘the ability to remove non-essential detail’. It is particularly useful as a tool to manage change within an organisation.
The strategy map can be a good tool to represent the organisation’s most important goals all on one page and facilitate communication about its goals both internally and externally.
It may be a good precursor to social accounting and other methods of accounting to and involving stakeholders, as a method like social accounting examines many of the aspects not measured in depth by BSC.
Potential limitations
The BSC is not an ‘off-the-shelf’ method, and requires learning some basic terms and concepts and exploring examples to implement. While it is possible to read a great deal about the Balanced Scorecard, the SEL development is best followed as part of a course.
The BSC does not have any external verification or auditing function.
It does not go into great depth in terms of a particular programme or service.
The BSC is not designed to help the organisation to be accountable to external stakeholders, nor is it designed to help it keep track of meeting all of its goals and upholding all of its values. It is necessarily limited in scope to ‘the essentials’.
Who can use the Balanced Scorecard?
Any organisation can use BSC, including those organisations just starting up. It is particularly good for organisations in transition, such as voluntary organisations transitioning to social enterprise. Results of the first pilot indicate that any size organisation can use BSC. Organisations as small as two staff members, in the start-up phase, and large organisations with hundreds of staff members both found it useful. Any sector can use the BSC. It was originally developed for the private sector, but there has been development in the public sector, the non-profit/voluntary sector in the USA and SEL’s work with social enterprises in the UK.
The tool requires ownership at Chief Executive level, but ideally, how the organisation’s goals or other objectives are set, would be an all-organisation activity.
Proficiencies or skills
An understanding of strategic planning or business planning is very useful, although BSC concepts can be learned while using the tool.
Staff time
An initial training course is important. However, ongoing use of the tool mainly requires champions within the organisation to lead the rest. The tool can then be adapted by the organisation as it develops and grows.
In total, SEL estimates that a first round of implementing BSC would take roughly eight days, spread out over one quarter. The team responsible for business planning should check back in with the strategy map and its assumptions on an annual basis, with the aim of tying it to the time frame for any existing strategic or business planning processes. Measurement of progress in each of the objectives happens on a quarterly basis.
SEL estimates that for enterprises of anywhere from 0 to 40 people the basic start-up time would involve two people attending three days of external training in the methodology to serve as internal champions and one staff away-day to create some of the objectives on the strategy map and build buy-in and assemble an internal team.
The internal team would then create the next drafts to send around for staff comment, requiring approximately 4–6 meetings of three hours each spread out over a period of time for the internal team.
A second staff away-day (or smaller internal training) would be needed to get the BSC up and running. This could take the form of either a complete day, or a series of several meetings to cover each team within the organisation depending upon its structure.
Courses, support, and information
Training is offered through SEL on the social enterprise-specific balanced scorecard, which will likely be available on a bespoke basis for a fee.
The Balanced Scorecard Collaborative is a network of consultants offering support in using the tool, with emphasis on the model developed by Kaplan and Norton. Many books are available to describe and illustrate how the tool has been used in ‘traditional’ companies, the public sector, and voluntary organisations.
The tool was adapted from the work of Robert Kaplan and David Norton, but is not licensed. SEL, in its development of the Social Enterprise Balanced Scorecard has made significant changes to the original work in order to suit the UK Social Enterprise sector. SEL provides support and is to offer a BSC training course and guidance. While there are consultants throughout the UK proficient in the general principles of BSC, at the time of printing, the social enterprise adaptation sits mainly with SEL.
Social enterprise examples:
Oxford Swindon & Gloucester Co-operative
Café Direct
Social Enterprise London.
Other social enterprises involved in the piloting of the BSC were:
Women’s Design Service
Day Chocolate Company
Big Issue South West
Via3.net
Liberty Credit Union
Community Music East.
Examples from other sectors can be found in the various books published on the Balanced Scorecard.
For more details on how to implement the Social Enterprise Balanced Scorecard contact Social Enterprise London.
More information can be found on the original Balanced Scorecard from the Balanced Scorecard Institute website at: www.balancedscorecard.org
Please note that the resources outlined below draw upon experience in the private, not-for-profit/voluntary and public sectors, rather than the bespoke social enterprise model developed by SEL. The basic principles are the same but the implementation is somewhat different.
Bourne M and Bourne P (2003) Balanced Scorecard: In a week. (London: Hodder & Stoughton).
Kaplan RS and Norton DP (1996) Translating strategy into action: The balanced scorecard (Boston: Harvard University Press).
Kaplan RS (2001) Strategic performance measurement and management in nonprofit organizations. Nonprofit Management and Leadership Spring: pp 353–370.
Summary: This article attempts to explain how the Balanced Scorecard can be applied in the nonprofit sector.
Niven PR (2003) Balanced scorecard: Step-by-step for Government and nonprofit agencies (Chichester: John Wiley & Sons Ltd).
Summary: This book is aimed at making the Balanced Scorecard approach available to government and nonprofit agencies, in particular, but it could prove useful for social enterprises wanting to get a thorough understanding of this tool.
Previous: Social Accounting Back to Contents Next: Star Social Firm
Tailored and bespoke training
Strategic overviews for leaders and practical training for teams.
We offer tailored online and on-site training and briefings on SROI, Theory of Change, measuring social impact, commissioning for outcomes and social value, measuring local economic impact, community economic development, the social value of research, and more.
Clients include local authorities, universities, public health services, charities, community groups, membership bodies, and responsible businesses.
SEE THE TRAINING CALENDAR FOR DETAILS OF OUR OPEN TRAINING
by @nefconsulting
Tweets by @nefconsulting
New Economics Foundation
We work with people to ignite change from below and carry out rigorous research to fight for change at the top.
Visit New Economics Foundation
We map local projects building a more democratic economy and the policies to make this happen.
Visit Change The Rules
E-mail: enquiries@nefconsulting.com
Registered as a Company Limited by Shares in England and Wales.
Company Number 6570398 VAT number GB 680 7821 15
© NEF Consulting 2021
Terms and conditions • Privacy and cookies
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0012.json.gz/line2063
|
__label__wiki
| 0.773086
| 0.773086
|
Editorial: Nixon blazed detente trail
21 Dec, 2014 04:54 AM 3 minutes to read
The most dire reaction to President Barack Obama's plan to thaw relations with Cuba has come from his Republican opponents. Photo / AP
The most dire reaction to President Barack Obama's plan to thaw relations with Cuba has come from his Republican opponents. Variously, they have talked of the folly of negotiating with a repressive regime and suggested that extending a hand to Havana was wrong until full democratic and human rights reforms were undertaken. Notably absent from this response was any appreciation of the history hewn four decades ago by a leader of their own party, President Richard Nixon. His quest for better relations with China, culminating in a visit to Beijing in 1972, was a forerunner of the path now being pursued by President Obama in a different hemisphere.
Until Mr Nixon's intervention, tension and hostility characterised relations between the US and China. The President spoke of the "angry isolation" in which the Chinese lived. This would endure, imperilling global stability, until the icy relationship ended. Mr Nixon was right, and his initiative also encouraged progress in relations with the Soviet Union. Now, President Obama is equally right. There is no point in continuing a policy that has abjectly failed to advance the interests of the US. Indeed, as Hillary Clinton suggested, its major impact has probably been to strengthen the communist regime's grip on power.
To what extent relations will improve is questionable. For the moment, a trade embargo that bans American companies from importing or exporting to Cuba remains in place. The reinstatement of full diplomatic relations is being discussed, however, and some of the crippling restrictions on business, banking and travel have been lifted. But as much as Cubans wish for the economic stimulus that will flow from the end of isolation, Raoul Castro, their 83-year-old President, will be cautious. The dangers of such a dramatic step are readily apparent, not least through the arrival of enhanced telecommunications in a country in which only about 5 per cent of the population have access to the internet.
The Republicans have also indicated that they will do as much as possible to sabotage the normalisation of relations. President Obama will need their co-operation to lift the trade embargo. In part, the Republicans' opposition reflects their belief in the importance of Cuban-American voters in the key swing state of Florida. There, they are also misguided. The Cuban-Americans who fled to Miami soon after Fidel Castro seized power may still be adamantly opposed to the regime. But there is nothing to suggest their children and grandchildren share their fervour. Noticeably, there was little protest on the streets of Florida after President Obama's surprise announcement.
Second-term presidents are apt to spend much of their time on foreign policy, where plenty can be achieved without the agreement of their political opponents. Mr Obama's rapprochement with Havana is following a similar path to that with another longstanding foe, Iran. The talks with Tehran have also not escaped criticism from those apparently content with a state of perpetual hostility. Those critics might ponder what the outcome would have been if President Nixon had taken their view on China. Where would angry isolation have taken the Chinese? Mr Obama's initiative is to be applauded.
Editorial: Liquor forum clampdown over the top
Herald on Sunday editorial: Goodwill the secret of a happy Christmas
Gwynne Dyer: A good idea, Mr President ... but it won't work
Editorial: Year-long dry run for sport
Latest from New Zealand
Residents of Hawke's Bay town named after 'unstable sociopath' could ask for name change
Auckland's water woes set to continue
Fatal Central Hawke's Bay quad bike crash latest in "devastating" trend
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0012.json.gz/line2068
|
__label__wiki
| 0.554877
| 0.554877
|
December 11, 2019 News » The High Culture
Scorched dreams
The week before Thanksgiving, Steve’s Greens Cannabis + Wellness was burglarized and then torched.
By Matt Dinger
Phillip Danner
Nov. 26, Steve’s Green’s Cannabis + Wellness was set on fire by a makeshift incendiary device.
To say the weekend before Thanksgiving was a rough one for Steve’s Greens Cannabis + Wellness would be one hell of an understatement.
Early Nov. 24, owners Stephanie and Dustin Mathis were awakened by their alarm company about a burglary at their cannabis dispensary, 6715 N. May Ave. Stephanie Mathis said one of the accused burglars was arrested while still inside the building and the second apprehended later that night.
Two days later, they were alerted in the middle of the night again, this time to reports that their business was on fire.
A makeshift incendiary device, thought to be akin to a “Molotov cocktail,” or a glass bottle filled with flammable liquid using a paper or fabric wick, was thrown through a rear window on the south side of the building.
“It was actually the counseling office that they threw it into, because my store doesn’t go all the way to the back of the building. There’s counseling offices behind us,” Stephanie Mathis said.
The room where the blaze started is used as a playroom for children.
Flames tore through the rear of the building before they were halted by firefighters, causing extensive smoke and water damage to the front of the building that houses not only Steve’s Greens but their other business, SB Body Arts.
The names of the suspected arsonists have not been released and no arrests had been made by press time.
Because she did not want to compromise the investigations into the burglary or arson, Mathis declined to speak on the record about the sequence of events between the two incidents, but there are reasons to believe that both are connected.
A damage estimate was not available, but Mathis said almost all of the contents of both businesses were lost in the fire.
“The smoke just got so bad in SB Body Arts and in Steve’s that both sides are just going to have to completely be gutted,” she said.
What initially was thought to be monthlong hiatus will likely now take half a year to repair.
And just like that, the businesses that Dustin and Stephanie Mathis built with a small but dedicated group of employees went up in flames.
To make matters worse, they had just gotten all of their relevant business paperwork up to speed.
“The smoke just got so bad in SB Body Arts and in Steve’s that both sides are just going to have to completely be gutted.”
—Stephanie Mathis tweet this
“I literally got my renewal for the dispensary the day after the fire. All the money I spent on the certificate of compliance, on the renewal thing, on the new [Oklahoma Bureau of Narcotics and Dangerous Drugs Control license] … Even if we did move locations or whatever, we would have to go through that whole process again, and I just spent all that money,” Mathis said.
She said that the insurance company is still doing their part.
“Since the cannabis side is all specialty insurance, it does have a cap. I had my insurance kind of set up like if we were going to get robbed and we would have to fix up the store, not if our place got, like, firebombed, and we lost every single thing in it. So my insurance policy pretty much covered like pretty minimal property damage, like covered doors and windows and then covered whatever product I had in the store, so at least I have that, but it’s not a full Farmer’s policy like the tattoo shop has,” Mathis said. “This has gone past just being like a simple burglary that I’m going to get an insurance check for to fix the windows and reimburse me for some product. This is now my entire fucking livelihood on both businesses and my whole staff and everybody else. At least my tattoo artists have places to go, but everybody else is on payroll. They’re just fucked, and being a small business, we don’t have like massive fucking savings accounts. … Everybody thinks you’re raking in the big bucks because you’re a cannabis dispensary.”
It was not as if Steve’s had not prepared.
“I had a lot of different security measures in place, and I feel like my security measures that I had in place is what got these guys caught because I had an alarm system. I had a camera system. I had different measures. I had a steel door on my front,” she said. “They spent 10 minutes in my fucking hallway trying to figure out what to do before they actually got into my store.”
Both SB Body Arts and Steve’s Greens, owned by Stephanie and Dustin Mathis, were damaged in the fire.
Uncertain future
The holiday impeded efforts to both assess the damage and investigate the crimes that have occurred at their business, so for now, almost everything is still up in the air.
What Mathis does know is that SB Body Arts, which has been the couple’s bread and butter for the past seven years, will be rebuilt first.
In the meantime, Dustin Mathis and the other piercers and tattoo artists are going to have to find temporary homes where they can practice their art. The budtenders at Steve’s Greens have all begun searching for jobs.
While they have put countless hours building the Steve’s Greens brand, Mathis worries that its absence from the market during a critical time during the cannabis boom in Oklahoma could put a dent in its patronage once it reopens its doors.
“Now all my customers that I’ve worked so hard to have to cater to, they’re all going out to other dispensaries, so that means they’re going to look finding other products, they’re going to start liking other products, they’re going to start shopping around and a lot of these people are going to probably find stuff that they like and now it’s going to be divvied up,” she said.
This setback comes after another setback on the cultivation arm of their company, Green Seed Farm, which recently relocated to a new, larger space where grow rooms were built instead of using their previous tent system. Now that the plants are growing once again, the retail side has been put out of commission. Stephanie Mathis said they are considering moving their processing license to their farm so they can put out products while Steve’s Greens is being rebuilt.
While there has been an outpouring of support from the cannabis community, there are still no solid plans for a benefit event.
Those who wish to help displaced employees make it through the rest of the holiday season can donate through a GoFundMe page that can be found on Steve’s Greens’ Facebook page.
Visit stevesgreens.com.
Cannabis testing still problematic
Best of OKC 2020
Best of OKC 2020: Life & Wellness
Tags: The High Culture, cannabis, medical cannabis, marijuana, medical marijuana, Steve’s Greens Cannabis + Wellness, Stephanie Mathis, Dustin Mathis, burglary, arson, fire, incendiary device, smoke damage, water damage, SB Body Arts, Oklahoma Bureau of Narcotics and Dangerous Drugs Control, Green Seed Farm, GoFundMe
More The High Culture »
More by Matt Dinger
Cookies enters the local market
Moon Mix case reveals holes in cannabis testing system
Matt Dinger
Latest in The High Culture
Close Encounters: Western Wildlife @ National Cowboy & Western Heritage Museum
Historically Local Council Grove/Castle Falls Tour @ Castle Falls Restaurant & Event Center
LSD experiment at zoo in 1962 killed elephant
Flower review: Glazed Apricot Gelato
Summer strains
It’s a gas, gas, Gassaway
Threatening truth
Be the first to comment on a The High Culture story!
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0012.json.gz/line2069
|
__label__wiki
| 0.773552
| 0.773552
|
Jennifer Byrne
Monica Bey-Clarke
Cheril N. Clarke
Monique Costa
Claudia Eicker-Harris
Elena Yakubsfeld
Book Category Coloring books Games Parenting and relationships All Kinds of Families! Trans Parents Two Dads Two Moms
Book Author Cheril N. Clarke Claudia Eicker-Harris Elena Yakubsfeld Jennifer Byrne Monica Bey-Clarke Monique Costa
Cheril N. Clarke, author of Keesha & Her Two Moms Go Swimming, Keesha’s South African Adventure and The Lopez Family: Science Fair Day, has been a writer and publisher since she was 19 years old. She is the author of five novels, including Intimate Chaos, Tainted Destiny, and Losing Control. She has penned three stageplays, several vignettes and one non-fiction ebook entitled Love and Marriage: The Gay and Lesbian Guide to Dating and Romance. Clarke’s theatrical adaptation of her third novel, Intimate Chaos, has been successfully mounted in Bordentown, NJ, Plainfield, NJ and twice in Philadelphia, PA (the second as a feature of the Philly Urban Theatre Festival). Intimate Chaos was most recently translated to Spanish for production in Puerto Rico where it was nominated for best play in el Festival del Tercer Amor (2011) and Asylum was a featured production of the 2012 Downtown Urban Theater Festival at which it took home the Audience Award and was runner-up for best play. Asylum recently made its Philadelphia stage debut where it premiered to sold-out audiences at The Stagecrafters Theater in Chestnut Hill. Clarke has been featured in Curve Magazine, the nation’s best selling lesbian magazine, About.com, The Princeton Packet, Philadelphia Gay News, Out IN Jersey, Burlington County Times, Phillyburbs.com, 247gay.com, and Crain’s New York Business newspaper. More about her works can be found on her official websites: cherilnclarke.com, phillyspeechwriter.com, intimatechaostheplay.com and asylumtheplay.com. She resides in southern New Jersey with her wife, Monica Bey-Clarke, who is also her business partner (and co-author) for the My Family! Products publishing company.
542 Cross Keys Rd., #3-301 Sicklerville, NJ 08081
Copyright © 2016 My Family! Products
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0012.json.gz/line2072
|
__label__cc
| 0.514144
| 0.485856
|
Posts Tagged ‘Puzzle’
Help Santa find presents in Santa’s Xmas Adventure for Switch and PS4
GS2 Games announced the launch of Santa’s Xmas Adventure, the perfect stocking stuffer for good boys and girls that own a Nintendo Switch or PlayStation4 (or who may find one under the tree)! In Santa’s Xmas Adventure, players must help Santa Claus [...]
Rusty Spout Rescue Adventure (Xbox One) Review
Rusty Spout Rescue Adventure deserves a little credit as there is an attempt at creating a story with hand drawn visuals but sadly is nothing more than a low quality Bust-A-Move knock-off. Odd design choices really hold back the entire experience. [...]
Powertris (Switch) Review
Mixing the connect-the-dots-style gameplay of Pipe Dream with Tetris falling well pieces, Powertris has a cool concept but a bare presentation. To be fair though, it only costs a few bucks. The goal is to connect specific points from the left side [...]
Puyo Puyo Tetris 2 will have a leveling system and post-launch content
SEGA of America announced that Puyo Puyo Tetris 2 is now available for digital pre-order for PlayStation 4, Xbox One, and Xbox Series X|S. SEGA also revealed details about Puyo Puyo Tetris 2’s new Skill Battle mode and online features that will be [...]
Bust-A-Move inspired Rusty Spout Rescue Adventure gets X1 and Switch release date
Rusty Spout Rescue Adventure has been officially announced for Xbox One (October 21) and Nintendo Switch (October 22). Rusty Spout Rescue Adventure is a puzzle arcade action multiplayer game in which you will have to a lonely but honest pirate who sails [...]
Worm Jazz (Switch) Review
Probably best described as classic Snake meets Bomberman, Worm Jazz is a play-at-your-own-pace puzzler. Even with some dastardly designed puzzles, the experience remains casual thanks to the forgiving move system and smooth soundtrack. Playing as a [...]
Powertris mixes Tetris with Pipe Mania – available on Switch now
Watch the pipes fall and make quick decisions on how to place them to make the ultimate plumbing mechanism. Pay attention to whether both sides of the system are connected with the sockets on the edges of the screen and use power-ups to aid you in the [...]
Active Neurons 2 (Xbox One) Review
Sometimes You released Active Neurons about half a year ago and I praised this puzzle game for being simple, approachable, and providing a casual experience that offers rewarding gameplay. To my surprise, a sequel has become available so soon after the [...]
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0012.json.gz/line2073
|
__label__wiki
| 0.542542
| 0.542542
|
Domelevo did not abide by rules of natural justice in $1m Kroll Audit – High Court rules
Source: Joseph Ackah-Blay
30 October 2020 9:44am
The Auditor General, Daniel Domelevo
An Accra High Court has ruled that Auditor-General, Daniel Domelevo breached the rules of natural justice in the manner he handled the $1m Kroll and Associates audit.
Mr. Domelevo in December 2019 issued a surcharge against Senior Minister Yaw Osafo-Maafo, Michael Ayensu, Abraham Kofi Tawiah, Eva Mends, and Patrick Nomo, all of the Ministry of Finance.
Auditor General had argued that the auditing firm, Kroll and Associates was paid for no work done aside from the fact that the contract did not obtain approval from Parliament and the Public Procurement Authority.
Mr. Maafo and the officials of the Ministry of Finance dragged the Auditor General to the High Court asking that it sets aside the surcharge.
They argued that Mr. Demelevo came to a wrong finding of facts when he concluded in the absence of proof before him that the contract had not been performed.
They also contended that Kroll and Associates had carried out work and that the Auditor General breached the rules of natural justice not offering them a fair hearing.
They urged the court to hear aspects of the matter in chambers due to the sensitive nature of the work done by the Kroll and Associates, some of which are matters being handled by the Ministry of National Security.
The Court presided over by Justice AfiaAsareBotwe took the view that the request for an in-camera hearing be referred to the Supreme Court for a determination.
The Auditor General, Daniel Domelevo at the time the matter was referred to the Supreme Court was asked by the Presidency to take his 123 days accumulated leave with his Deputy Johnson AkuamoahAsiedu named as Acting Auditor General.
This leave was later extended to 167 days by the Presidency effective July 1, 2020.
The Supreme Court had asked that the Auditor General inspects the work said to have been carried out by the Kroll and Associates at the Ministry of National Security.
This was carried out by Mr. Akuamoah Asiedu who had commenced work.
He informed the Supreme Court, he found the documents to be “satisfactory” leading the Apex Court to say the reference to it by Justice AsareBotwe was therefore moot.
The matter therefore returned to the High Court for continuation.
Lawyers for Mr. Marfo presented documents showing they had written to Mr. Domelevo in the cause of his audit informing him that the work done by Kroll was available at the Office of the Senior Minister for Inspection.
They contended that Mr. Domelevo nonetheless proceeded to issue the surcharge.
Justice Botwo noted that when the matter was referred to the Supreme Court, the Auditor General’s Office has indicated its satisfaction with the work done.
She therefore stated “had the respondent (Auditor-General) not been hasty, and had the respondent’s office taken up the offer to inspect the documents which would be made available for inspection, the whole issue of whether or not work had been done would have been resolved without this convoluted tortuous legal battle”.
She proceeded to hold that the Auditor General came to a wrong finding of fact when he concluded that the contract had not been performed.
Justice Botwe also ruled that the payment was not wrongful and that the Auditor General erred by holding the view that the agreement required parliamentary approval.
She further stated that the Auditor General should have communicated his decision not to inspect the documents when the offer was made to him as required by due process.
Failure to do so, Justice Botwe said amounted to breach of well-known rules of natural justice.
This judgment means the Senior Minister Is no longer required to refund the $1m.
I will resume work on March 3, not January 11 – Domelevo clarifies
Manasseh Azure Awuni: The full drama of how Akufo-Addo hounded the Auditor-General out of office
CSOs go to Supreme Court over Auditor-General, Daniel Domelevo’s forced leave
Rockson-Nelson Dafeamekpor: Probe of Auditor-Generals accounts by Audit Service Board, unconstitutional
Audit Service Board probes Domelevo’s foreign travels
Surcharges and disallowances by Auditor General good but not enough – Audit expert
Government hiding 2019 audit report to cover up corruption – Minority
Lawrence Ayagiba promoted to Deputy Auditor-General, new assistant A-G appointed
JoyNews Weekly Wrap: Kafaba lynching, NDC running mate outdoored, Domelevo’s woes
Domelevo’s needless dramatisation has subjected Auditor-General’s office to ridicule – Baako
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0012.json.gz/line2074
|
__label__cc
| 0.53607
| 0.46393
|
Used COVID-19 PPE could be turned into biofuels instead of landing in landfill
(Nanowerk News) Plastic from used personal protective equipment (PPE) can, and should, be transformed into renewable liquid fuels – according to a new study, published in the peer-reviewed journal Biofuels ("Strategy for repurposing of disposed PPE kits by production of biofuel: Pressing priority amidst COVID-19 pandemic").
Experts from The University of Petroleum and Energy Studies have suggested a strategy that could help to mitigate the problem of dumped PPE – currently being disposed of at unprecedented levels due to the current COVID-19 pandemic – becoming a significant threat to the environment.
Out today, the research show how billions of items of disposable PPE can be converted from its polypropylene (plastic) state into biofuels – which is known to be at par with standard fossil fuels.
Lead author Dr Sapna Jain explains that the transformation into biocrude, a type of synthetic fuel, “will not just prevent the severe after-effects to humankind and the environment but also produce a source of energy”.
“Presently, the world is focusing to combat COVID-19, however, we can foresee the issues of economic crisis and ecological imbalance also,” she explains.
“We have to prepare ourselves to meet the challenges which are forcefully imposed by the COVID-19 pandemic, so as to maintain sustainability.
“There is a high production and utilization of PPE to protect the community of health workers and other frontline workers of COVID-19. The disposal of PPE is a concern owing to its material i.e. non-woven polypropylene.
“The proposed strategy is a suggestive measure addressing the anticipated problem of disposal of PPE.”
During the current COVID-19 pandemic specifically, PPE is being designed for single use followed by disposal. Once these plastic materials are discharged into the environment they end up in landfill or oceans, as their natural degradation is difficult at ambient temperature. They need decades to decompose. Recycling these polymers requires both physical methods and chemical methods. Reduction, reuse and recycling are the three pillars of sustainable development that can help to prevent the disposal of plastic to the environment.
The research team reviewed many related research articles as they looked to explore the current policies around PPE disposal, the polypropylene content in PPE, and the feasibility of converting PPE into biofuel.
In particular, they focused on the structure of polypropylene, its suitability for PPE, why it poses an environmental threat and methods of recycling this polymer.
Their conclusive findings call for the PPE waste to be converted into fuel using pyrolysis. This a chemical process for breaking down plastic at high temperature – between 300-400 degree centigrade for an hour – without oxygen.
Co-author Dr Bhawna Yadav Lamba says this process is among the most promising and sustainable methods of recycling compared with incineration and landfill.
“Pyrolysis is the most commonly used chemical method whose benefits include the ability to produce high quantities of bio-oil which is easily biodegradable,” she states.
“There is always a need for alternative fuels or energy resources to meet our energy demands. The pyrolysis of plastics is one of the methods to mitigate our energy crisis.”
She concludes: “The challenges of PPE waste management and increasing energy demand could be addressed simultaneously by the production of liquid fuel from PPE kits. The liquid fuel produced from plastics is clean and have fuel properties similar to fossil fuels.”
Source: University of Petroleum and Energy Studies
Laying the groundwork for real climate neutrality
SolarEV City concept: Building the next urban power and mobility systems
Impacts of climate change on our water and energy systems: it's complicated
Catalyst transforms plastic waste to valuable ingredients at low temperature
It's electrifying! This is how Earth could be entirely powered by sustainable energy
New energy conversion layer for biosolar cells
Electron-producing microbes power sustainable wastewater treatment
Climate impacts of food production
Engineers go microbial to store energy, sequester CO2
The mass of human-made materials now equals the planet's biomass
Harvesting the sun's energy for clean drinking water: Where we are, where we need to be
Promoting sustainable development with advanced bio-based composites
Let the sunshine in: self-cleaning membrane under visible light treatment
Engineers found new multitasking microbe for simpler, cheaper and greener wastewater treatment
What are the environmental impacts of artificial meat, delivery drones, blockchain and synthetic biology?
Green hydrogen: buoyancy-driven convection in the electrolyte
Bioplastics no safer than other plastics
New strategy to 'buffer' climate change: developing cheaper, eco-friendly solar cells
An open-source, high-performance simulator for large-scale geological carbon dioxide storage
Lignin instead of vanadium
Researchers discover a new way to produce hydrogen using microwaves
Solar cells of the future
Soil-powered fuel cell promises cheap, sustainable water purification
Closing the plastic loop
This white paint could reduce the need for air conditioning by keeping surfaces cooler than surroundings
...more cleantech news
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0012.json.gz/line2082
|
__label__wiki
| 0.722397
| 0.722397
|
Dietary Reference Intakes for Thiamin, Riboflavin, Niacin, Vitamin B6, Folate, Vitamin B12, Pantothenic Acid, Biotin, and Choline (1998)
Chapter: 6 Niacin
PDF FREE Download Paperback $59.95 Add to Cart Hardback $95.00 Add to Cart Ebook $47.99 Add to Cart
Original Pages Text Pages
« Previous: 5 Riboflavin
Suggested Citation:"6 Niacin." Institute of Medicine. 1998. Dietary Reference Intakes for Thiamin, Riboflavin, Niacin, Vitamin B6, Folate, Vitamin B12, Pantothenic Acid, Biotin, and Choline. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/6015.
Niacin functions as a cosubstrate or coenzyme for the transfer of the hydride ion with numerous dehydrogenases. The primary criterion used to estimate the Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) for niacin is the urinary excretion of niacin metabolites. No adjustment is made for bioavailability, but the requirement is expressed in niacin equivalents (NEs), allowing for some conversion of the amino acid tryptophan to niacin. The RDA for adults is 16 mg/day of NEs for men and 14 mg/day of NEs for women. Recently, the median intake of preformed niacin from food in the United States was approximately 28 mg for men and 18 mg for women, and the ninety-fifth percentile of intake from both food and supplements was 40 to 70 mg of NEs, depending on age. In two Canadian populations the median intake of preformed niacin was approximately 41 mg/day for men and 28 mg/day for women. The Tolerable Upper Intake Level (UL) for niacin for adults is 35 mg/day, which was based on flushing as the critical adverse effect.
The term niacin refers to nicotinamide (nicotinic acid amide), nicotinic acid (pyridine-3-carboxylic acid), and derivatives that exhibit the biological activity of nicotinamide. The nicotinamide moiety of the pyridine nucleotide coenzymes nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phos-
phate (NADP) acts as a hydride ion acceptor or donor in many biological redox reactions. NAD has also been shown to be required for important nonredox adenosine diphosphate (ADP) —ribose transfer reactions involved in deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) repair and calcium mobilization (Kim et al., 1994; Lautier et al., 1993; Lee et al., 1989). The amino acid tryptophan is converted in part to nicotinamide and thus can contribute to meeting the requirement for niacin.
In the form of the coenzymes NAD and NADP, niacin functions in many biological redox reactions. NAD functions in intracellular respiration and as a codehydrogenase with enzymes involved in the oxidation of fuel molecules such as glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate, lactate, alcohol, 3-hydroxybutyrate, pyruvate, and α-ketoglutarate. NADP functions in reductive biosyntheses such as in fatty acid and steroid syntheses and, like NAD, as a codehydrogenase—as in the oxidation of glucose 6-phosphate to ribose 5-phosphate in the pentose phosphate pathway.
Three classes of enzymes cleave the β-N-glycosylic bond of NAD to free nicotinamide and catalyze the transfer of ADP-ribose in nonredox reactions (Lautier et al., 1993). Two of the three classes catalyze ADP-ribose transfer to proteins: mono-ADP-ribosyltransferases and poly-ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP). The third class promotes the formation of cyclic ADP-ribose, which mobilizes calcium from intracellular stores in many types of cells (Kim et al., 1994).
The enzyme PARP is found in the nuclei of eukaryotic cells and catalyzes the transfer of many ADP-ribose units from NAD to an acceptor protein and also to the enzyme itself. These nuclear poly-ADP-ribose proteins seem to function in DNA replication and repair and in cell differentiation. DNA damage greatly enhances the activity of PARP (Stierum et al., 1994); PARP activity is strongly correlated with cellular apoptosis (Stierum et al., 1994).
Physiology of Absorption, Metabolism, and Excretion
Absorption and Transport
Absorption of nicotinic acid and nicotinamide from the stomach and the intestine is rapid (Bechgaard and Jespersen, 1977) and at low concentrations is mediated by sodium ion-dependent facilitated diffusion. At higher concentrations, passive diffusion predominates,
with doses of 3 to 4 g of niacin almost completely absorbed (Bechgaard and Jespersen, 1977). Glycohydrolases in the liver and intestines catalyze the release of nicotinamide from NAD (Henderson and Gross, 1979). Nicotinamide is then transported to tissues to be used in synthesis of NAD when needed. Both forms of the vitamin enter cells by simple diffusion; however, both nicotinic acid and nicotinamide also enter erythrocytes by facilitated transport (Lan and Henderson, 1968).
Metabolism and Excretion
The niacin coenzymes NAD and NADP are synthesized in all tissues of the body from nicotinic acid or nicotinamide. Tissue concentrations of NAD appear to be regulated by the concentration of extracellular nicotinamide, which in turn is under hepatic control and is hormonally influenced. Hydrolysis of hepatic NAD allows the release of nicotinamide for transport to tissues that lack the ability to synthesize the NAD and NADP coenzymes from tryptophan. In the liver some excess plasma nicotinamide is converted to storage NAD (i.e., NAD not bound to enzymes). Tryptophan and nicotinic acid also contribute to storage NAD following the biosynthetic pathway, going through NAMN, which is then reamidated to NAD. In the degradation of NAD, the nicotinamide formed can be reconverted to NAD via nicotinamide ribonucleotide. Nicotinamide can be deamidated in the intestinal tract by intestinal microflora (Bernofsky, 1980).
The body’s niacin requirement is met not only by nicotinic acid and nicotinaminde present in the diet, but also by conversion from the dietary protein containing tryptophan. The relative contribution of tryptophan is estimated as follows: 60 mg of tryptophan = 1 mg of niacin = 1 mg of niacin equivalents (Horwitt et al., 1981).
Excess niacin is methylated in the liver to N1-methyl-nicotinamide, which is excreted in the urine along with the 2- and 4-pyridone oxidation products of N1-methyl-nicotinamide. The two major excretion products are N1-methyl-nicotinamide and its pyridone derivative (Mrochek et al., 1976). The proportions differ somewhat depending on the amount and form of niacin ingested and the niacin status of the individual.
Clinical Effects of Inadequate Intake
Pellagra is the classic manifestation of a severe niacin deficiency. It is characterized by a pigmented rash that develops symmetrically
in areas exposed to sunlight; changes in the digestive tract that are associated with vomiting, constipation or diarrhea, and a bright red tongue; and neurological symptoms including depression, apathy, headache, fatigue, and loss of memory. Pellagra was common in the United States and parts of Europe in the early twentieth century in areas in which corn or maize (which is low in both niacin and the amino acid tryptophan) was the dietary staple. Although a worldwide problem, pellagra has virtually disappeared from industrialized countries except for its occurrence in chronic alcoholism and in individuals with conditions that disrupt tryptophan pathways. It still appears in India and parts of China and Africa. For example, pellagra was reported in Mozambican refugees in Malawi (Malfait et al., 1993).
SELECTION OF INDICATORS FOR ESTIMATING THE REQUIREMENT FOR NIACIN
Niacin status and dietary requirement can be estimated by using biochemical or clinical endpoints of niacin deficiency. Biochemical changes occur well before the appearance of overt signs of deficiency. Biochemical markers include daily urinary excretion of methylated metabolites, the ratio of 2-pyridone to N1-methyl-nicotinamide in urine, erythrocyte pyridine nucleotides, oral dose uptake tests, erythrocyte nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD), and plasma 2-pyridone derivative.
Urinary Excretion
The most reliable and sensitive measures of niacin status are urinary excretion of the two major methylated metabolites, N1-methyl-nicotinamide and its 2-pyridone derivative (N1-methyl-2-pyridone-5-carboxamide). Criteria for interpreting urinary N1-methyl-nicotinamide excretion amounts in adults and pregnant women indicate that for adults, 24-hour excretion rates of less than 5.8 µmol/day represent deficient niacin status and 5.8 to 17.5 µmol/day represents low status (Sauberlich et al., 1974). The ratio of the 2-pyridone to N1-methyl-nicotinamide, although independent of age and creatinine excretion, is a measure of protein adequacy rather than niacin status (Shibata and Matsuo, 1989). It is relatively insensitive to a marginal niacin intake of 10 mg/day of niacin equivalents (NEs) and has been shown to be not totally reliable for evaluating an intake of 6 mg/day of NEs (Jacob et al., 1989). The ratio of the 6-pyridone (N1-methyl-nicotinamide-3-carboxamide) to N1-methyl-
nicotinamide appears to be associated with the development of clinical symptoms of pellagra, principally dermatitis (Dillon et al., 1992).
Plasma Concentrations
In plasma the 2-pyridone derivative drops below detection limits after a low niacin intake (Jacob et al., 1989). With an oral niacin load (nicotinamide at 20 mg/70 kg body weight), postdose changes in 2-pyridone in both plasma and urine were more responsive to niacin status than changes seen in N1-methyl-nicotinamide. Plasma concentrations of other niacin metabolites and of niacin are not useful markers of niacin status.
Erythrocyte Pyridine Nucleotides
Analysis of erythrocyte NAD concentration promises to be a sensitive indicator of niacin depletion. In an experimental study in which adult male subjects were fed low-niacin diets containing either 6 or 10 mg NE/day, the erythrocyte NAD concentration decreased by 70 percent, whereas the NADP concentration remained unchanged (Fu et al., 1989). An earlier study reported a similar decrease in NAD relative to NADP in fibroblasts grown in niacin-restricted culture (Jacobson et al., 1979). Erythrocyte NAD concentrations provided a marker of niacin depletion equally as sensitive and reliable as excretion of urine metabolites in a study of seven healthy young men (Fu et al., 1989) and in an experimental niacin depletion study of elderly subjects (Ribaya-Mercado et al., 1997).
Transfer of Adenosine Diphosphate Ribose
A possible functional measure for niacin status could be polyadenosine diphosphate (ADP) ribosylation, because ADP ribosylation may contribute to gene stability (poly-ADP-ribose polymerase in the nucleus) and may function in deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) replication and repair (Stierum et al., 1994). However, the assays have not been developed or refined well enough to be used to judge niacin status at present.
Clinical pellagra may represent various degrees of combined niacin and riboflavin deficiencies (Carpenter and Lewin, 1985).
Deficiencies of other micronutrients (e.g., pyridoxine and iron) required to convert tryptophan to niacin may also contribute to the appearance of pellagra. Because pellagra is a late and serious manifestation of deficiency, it was determined that the average requirement must exceed the amount required to prevent pellagra.
FACTORS AFFECTING THE NIACIN REQUIREMENT
Niacin in mature cereal grains is largely bound and thus is only about 30 percent available; alkali treatment of the grain increases the percentage absorbed (Carpenter and Lewin, 1985; Carter and Carpenter, 1982). Niacin in the coenzyme nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide/nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NAD/ NADP) form in meats appears to be much more available. Niacin added during enrichment or fortification is in the free form and thus highly available. Foods that contain niacin in the free form include beans and liver. Quantitative data are not available on which to base adjustments for the bioavailability from different types of foods.
The conversion efficiency of tryptophan to niacin, although assumed to be 60:1 (Horwitt et al., 1981), varies depending on a number of dietary and metabolic factors. The requirement for preformed niacin is increased by factors that reduce the conversion of tryptophan to niacin (McCormick, 1988), including low tryptophan intake; carcinoid syndrome in which tryptophan is preferentially oxidized to 5-hydroxytryptophan and serotonin; prolonged treatment with the drug Isoniazid, which competes with pyridoxal 5'-phosphate, a vitamin B6-derived coenzyme required in the tryptophan-to-niacin pathway; and Hartnup’s disease, an autosomal recessive disorder that interferes with the absorption of tryptophan in the intestine and kidney.
The efficiency of the conversion of dietary tryptophan to niacin is decreased by deficiencies of other nutrients (see “Nutrient-Nutrient Interactions”). Conversion efficiency may increase with some dietary restrictions because of changes in activities of pathway enzymes including tryptophan oxygenase, quinolinate phosphoribosyltransferase, and picolinate carboxylase.
The requirement for preformed niacin as a proportion of the total niacin requirement tends to be lower with higher tryptophan intakes (a greater proportion of tryptophan is available for conversion to NAD once protein synthesis needs are met) and pregnancy
(the conversion of tryptophan to niacin is more efficient [Knox, 1951; Rose and Braidman, 1971; Wertz et al., 1958]). Oral contraceptives that contained high doses of estrogen have also been found to increase conversion efficiency (Rose and Braidman, 1971; Wertz et al., 1958). The priority for body tryptophan utilization is protein synthesis before NAD or NADP synthesis.
The 60 to 1 conversion value represents the mean of a wide range of individual values found in human studies that measured the conversion of tryptophan to urinary niacin metabolites (Horwitt et al., 1981). Irrespective of dietary factors, substantial individual differences (30 percent) in the conversion efficiency of tryptophan to niacin have been reported (Horwitt et al., 1981; Patterson et al., 1980).
Nutrient-Nutrient Interactions
Interactions occur between riboflavin and vitamin B6 metabolism in which flavin mononucleotide (FMN) is required for the oxidase that forms coenzymic pyridoxal 5'-phosphate required for conversion of tryptophan to niacin (McCormick, 1989). There is also interdependence of enzymes within the tryptophan-to-niacin pathway where pyridoxal 5'-phosphate, flavin-adenine dinucleotide (FAD), and iron are functional. Hence, inadequate iron, riboflavin, or vitamin B6 status decreases the conversion of tryptophan to niacin. Data are not available to quantitatively assess the effects of these nutrient-nutrient interactions on the niacin requirement.
Energy Intake and Expenditure
No directly relevant studies were found that examined the effect of energy intake or expenditure on the niacin requirement. Examination of individual data from four studies showed no relationship between excretion of N1-methyl-nicotinamide and either energy intake or body weight (Goldsmith et al., 1952, 1956; Horwitt et al., 1956; Jacob et al., 1989). Studies of niacin requirements are consistently presented in relation to energy intake on the basis of the known biochemical function of niacin, as have been past recommendations for niacin intake (NRC, 1989).*
It is recognized that studies of individuals in forced starvation situations have reported that individuals with the greatest initial body weights (and thus the greatest energy expenditure) developed signs of deficiency more rapidly than did others consuming similar diets but who weighed less initially. However, the panel could not quantify this difference as assessed by changes in available indicators of adequacy by those consuming typical diets in Canada and the United States.
Despite the lack of experimental data, the known biochemical function of niacin in the oxidation of fuel molecules suggests at least a small (10 percent) adjustment to reflect differences in the average energy utilization and size of men and women, a 10 percent increase in the requirement to cover increased energy use during pregnancy, and a small increase in the requirement to account for the efficiency of niacin use in milk production during lactation.
FINDINGS BY LIFE STAGE AND GENDER GROUP
Infants Ages 0 through 12 Months
Method Used to Set the Adequate Intake
As for other nutrients, the Adequate Intake (AI) level for niacin is set for infants based on the observed mean intake of infants fed principally with human milk.
Ages 0 through 6 Months. One study (Ford et al., 1983) of unsupplemented mothers estimated the niacin concentration of their milk at 1.8 mg/L. The adequate intake for niacin for infants ages 0 through 6 months is based on the reported mean volume of milk consumed by this age group (0.78 L/day; see Chapter 2) and the estimate of the niacin concentration in human milk of 1.8 mg/L (0.78 L × 1.8 mg/L =1.4 mg). The tryptophan content of human milk is approximately 210 mg/L (Committee on Nutrition, 1985). Because of the high rate of protein turnover and net positive nitrogen retention in infancy, it is likely that the standard method for estimating niacin equivalents (NEs) would overestimate the contribution from tryptophan. Thus, the AI for niacin for infants is given in milligrams of preformed niacin only—2 mg/day after rounding up.
Ages 7 through 12 Months. No difference in human milk composition was noted between the first and second 6 months of lactation (Ford et al., 1983). If the reference body weight ratio method described in Chapter 2 to extrapolate from the AI for niacin for infants ages 0 through 6 months is used, the AI for preformed niacin for the older infants is 2 mg/day after rounding. The second method (see Chapter 2), extrapolating from the Estimated Average Requirement (EAR) for adults and adjusting for the expected variance to estimate a recommended intake, gives an AI of 4.1 mg of NEs. A 15 percent coefficient of variation (CV) is used (for discussion, see “Niacin EAR and RDA Summary, Ages 19 Years and Older”). This AI value
is expected to be higher than that obtained with the first method because it reflects NEs rather than preformed niacin.
Alternatively, the AI for niacin for infants ages 7 through 12 months can be calculated by using the estimated niacin content of 0.6 L of human milk and the average volume consumed by this age group (niacin content equals 1.1 mg), and adding the amount of niacin provided by solid foods (8 mg), as estimated by Montalto et al. (1985) (see Chapter 2). The result in NEs equals more than 9 mg/day. This value was judged to be unreasonably high because it is more than twice the extrapolated values and because mean intakes of older age groups appear to be much higher than their requirements. Thus the AI for niacin given in NEs is 4 mg/day for infants ages 7 through 12 months—the value extrapolated from estimates of adult requirements.
Niacin AI Summary, Ages 0 through 12 Months
AI for Infants
2 mg/day of preformed niacin
≈0.2 mg/kg
7–12 months
4 mg/day of niacin equivalents
Children and Adolescents Ages 1 through 18 Years
Method Used to Estimate the Average Requirement
No data were found on which to base the EAR for niacin for children or adolescents. In the absence of additional information, EARs and RDAs for children and adolescents have been estimated by using the method described in Chapter 2, which extrapolates from adult values.
Niacin EAR and RDA Summary, Ages 1 through 18 years
EAR for Children
EAR for Boys
12 mg/day of niacin equivalents
EAR for Girls
The RDA for niacin is set by using a coefficient of variation (CV)
of 15 percent (see Chapter 1 and the discussion of adult requirements that follows) because information is not available on the standard deviation of the requirement for these age groups; the RDA is defined as equal to the EAR plus twice the CV to cover the needs of 97 to 98 percent of the individuals in the group (therefore, for niacin the RDA is 130 percent of the EAR).
RDA for Children
RDA for Boys
RDA for Girls
Adults Ages 19 Years and Older
The best biochemical measure for estimating the average requirement was judged to be niacin metabolite excretion data, namely the metabolites N1-methyl-nicotinamide and its 2-pyridone derivative. These measures have been reported the most extensively. The niacin intakes that result in these measures being above the levels considered barely adequate represent some degree of body pool reserve. Niacin metabolites are not excreted until adequate tryptophan is available to meet needs for the synthesis of protein, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (Fu et al., 1989; Vivian et al., 1958). Metabolite excretion measures are more sensitive to niacin depletion than are other biochemical measures, such as blood levels of pyridine nucleotides or tryptophan. Whereas pellagra is prevented with NEs of about 11 mg/day (at 2,500 kcal/day), restoration of niacin metabolite excretion beyond minimal occurs at intakes of NEs of about 12 to 16 mg/ day. Excretion of N1-methyl-nicotinamide rather than the 2-pyridone derivative is preferred as the target measure for estimating the niacin requirement because this metabolite better differentiates marginal from adequate niacin intakes (Jacob et al., 1989), interpretive guidelines exist for this metabolite (ICNND, 1963), and more data are available for this than for other metabolites.
An average niacin requirement can be estimated as the niacin intake corresponding to an excretion of N1-methyl-nicotinamide
that is above the minimal excretion at which pellagra symptoms occur. Urinary excretion of N1-methyl-nicotinamide was found to be 1.2 mg/day in men on low but adequate niacin diets that resulted in no signs or symptoms of pellagra (Horwitt et al., 1956; Jacob et al., 1989). Urinary N1-methyl-nicotinamide excretion was found to be 0.6 mg/day in three females on corn-based, niacin-deficient diets that resulted in clinical signs and symptoms of pellagra (Goldsmith et al., 1952, 1955). A urinary excretion value for N1-methyl-nicotinamide of 1.0 mg/day has been chosen as an interpolated level of niacin excretion; it reflects a niacin intake that is above the intake that results in clinical niacin deficiency and thus is minimal or barely adequate.
Niacin intakes (expressed in NEs) that would correspond to N1-methyl-nicotinamide excretions of 1.0 mg/day are calculated from the results of four experimental studies in which NEs of 8 to 12 mg/ day were fed (Table 6-1). A study by Patterson and colleagues (1980) was not used because no individual data were provided. In calculating the niacin intakes that would result in the N1-methyl-nicotinamide excretion level of 1 mg/day, a linear relationship was assumed. This approach is conservative; if more niacin was fed, the ratio of niacin to the excretion of N1-methyl-nicotinamide would become somewhat lower. Because all the studies were judged satisfactory in quality, a weighted average of the results was calculated. The overall average intake equivalent to the excretion of 1 mg/day of N1-methyl-nicotinamide is 11.6 ± 3.94 (standard deviation), with a CV of 34 percent.
From Table 6-1, it might be interpreted that women require more niacin per 1,000 kcal than do men. However, the studies are too few and not sufficiently comparable to justify such a conclusion, especially considering a lack of evidence that utilization of niacin is less efficient for women than for men. The studies varied widely in methods, including the types of foods provided, which could have marked effects on the bioavailability of niacin. It is thus assumed that women have a slightly lower requirement than do men because of their size and average energy utilization. Therefore, the EAR is estimated to be 12 mg of NEs for men and 11 mg of NEs for women. Data are not available for determining whether the niacin requirement changes with age in adults.
The results of other studies were examined (Goldsmith, 1958; Goldsmith et al., 1956; Horwitt, 1958; Leklem et al., 1975), but coexisting deficiencies, a lack of valid dietary measurements, or both made it necessary to exclude them when deriving the EAR.
TABLE 6-1 Experimental Human Studies of Niacin Intake and Urine N1-methylnicotinamide Excretion
NE Intake Calculated to Result in N1-methylnicotinamide Excretion of 1.0 mg/d, Mean ± SD (CV%)a
Goldsmith et al., 1952
5 females, 25–54 y
Four fed a corn-based diet low in niacin and trp (7.7 mg of NEs) and one fed a wheat-based diet (9.5 mg of NEs) for up to 135 d. Supplemented with N1-methylnicotinamide or trp.b
12.6 ± 3.0 (23%) or ≈6.8 mg of NEs/1,000 kcal
Fed wheat-based diet low in niacin and trp (8.3 mg of NEs) for up to 80 d. Supplemented with N1-methylnicotinamide.
10.9 ± 0.9 (8%) or ≈5.8 mg of NEs/1,000 kcal
Horwitt et al., 1956
14 male mental patients, 30–65 y
Fed three ordinary food diets low in niacin and trp in a series of studies for up to 87 wk. Supplemented with N1-methylnicotinamide or trp to provide 9–12 mg/d of NEs.
Jacob et al., 1989
7 males, 23–39 y
Gelatin-based diet of ordinary foods fed over 11 wk with varying ratios of trp and N1-methylnicotinamide to provide 6 or 10 mg/d of NEs (and varying leucine).
Average of the four studies, two with females and two with males, on low-niacin diets (6–12 mg/d of NEs) for 4–24 wk
a NE = niacin equivalent (1 NE = 1 mg niacin = 60 mg tryptophan); SD = standard deviation; CV = coefficient of variation.
b trp = tryptophan.
Niacin EAR and RDA Summary, Ages 19 Years and Older
On the basis of the data in Table 6-1 and with a minor (approximately 10 percent) decrease for energy in women, the EAR is set at 12 mg/day of NEs for men and 11 mg/day of NEs for women.
EAR for Men
EAR for Women
The data in Table 6-1 also suggest a CV of the niacin requirement that is greater than 10 percent. The wide variation in the efficiency of converting tryptophan to niacin may contribute to the large apparent variation. Thus, a CV of 15 percent is used; the RDA is defined as equal to the EAR plus twice the CV to cover the needs of 97 to 98 percent of the individuals in the group (therefore, for niacin the RDA is 130 percent of the EAR).
RDA for Men
RDA for Women
There is no direct evidence that would suggest a change in the niacin requirement during pregnancy. To derive the EAR for pregnant women, it is estimated that the need for niacin increases by 3 mg/day of NEs to cover increased energy utilization and growth in
maternal and fetal compartments, especially during the second and third trimesters.
Niacin EAR and RDA Summary, Pregnancy
By adding 3 mg of NEs to the EAR of 11 mg of NEs for nonpregnant, nonlactating women, the EAR for pregnancy becomes 14 mg of NEs. No adjustment is made for the woman’s age.
EAR for Pregnancy
The data in Table 6-1 suggest a CV for the niacin requirement that is greater than 10 percent. The wide variation in the efficiency of converting tryptophan to niacin may contribute to the larger apparent variation. Thus, a CV of 15 percent is used because information is not available on the standard deviation of the requirement for pregnant women; the RDA is defined as equal to the EAR plus twice the CV to cover the needs of 97 to 98 percent of the individuals in the group (therefore, for niacin the RDA is 130 percent of the EAR).
RDA for Pregnancy
An estimated 1.4 mg of preformed niacin is secreted daily during lactation. Added to this is a small amount (1 mg) to cover energy expenditure involved in milk production. Thus, the additional amount of niacin needed is 2.4 mg/day of NEs for women who are exclusively breastfeeding an infant.
Niacin EAR and RDA Summary, Lactation
Adding 2.4 mg of NEs to the EAR of 11 mg of NEs for non-
pregnant, nonlactating women gives an EAR for niacin for lactation of 13.4 mg, rounded down to 13.
EAR for Lactation
The data in Table 6-1 suggest a CV for the niacin requirement that is greater than 10 percent. The wide variation in the efficiency of converting tryptophan to niacin may contribute to the larger apparent variation. Thus, a CV of 15 percent is used because information is not available on the standard deviation of the requirement during lactation; the RDA is defined as equal to the EAR plus twice the CV to cover the needs of 97 to 98 percent of the individuals in the group (therefore, for niacin the RDA is 130 percent of the EAR).
RDA for Lactation
The RDAs given above are not expected to be sufficient to meet the needs of persons with Hartnup’s disease, liver cirrhosis, or carcinoid syndrome or of those on long-term isoniazid treatment. As for other B vitamins, extra niacin may be required by persons treated with hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis, those with malabsorption syndrome, pregnant women bearing multiple fetuses, and women breastfeeding more than one infant.
INTAKE OF NIACIN
Food Sources
Data obtained from the 1995 Continuing Survey of Food Intakes by Individuals indicate that the greatest contribution to the niacin intake of the U.S. adult population comes from mixed dishes high in meat, fish, or poultry; poultry as an entree; enriched and wholegrain breads and bread products; and fortified ready-to-eat cereals
(Table 6-2). In addition to the foods listed in Table 6-2, most flesh foods are sources of niacin, providing at least 2 mg per serving.
Niacin intake in the United States is generous in comparison with the Estimated Average Requirement (EAR). For example, the median intake by adult women is 17 to 20 mg of niacin (Appendixes G and H) in comparison with an EAR of 11 mg of niacin equivalents (NEs). (Survey data are reported as preformed niacin; no addition has been made for the conversion of tryptophan to niacin.) For all life stage and gender groups it appears that almost all individuals’ usual niacin intakes would exceed the EAR if intake was expressed in NEs and thus the contribution of tryptophan was included. Intakes of niacin in two Canadian provinces are reported in NEs and are well above the EAR for all life stage and gender groups (Appendix I).
The Boston Nutritional Status Survey (Appendix F) indicates that this relatively advantaged group of people over age 60 has a median niacin intake of 21 mg/day for men and 17 mg/day for women, again, significantly above the EARs for adult men and women.
Intake from Supplements
Information from the Boston Nutritional Status Survey on the use of niacin supplements by a free-living elderly population is given in Appendix F. For those taking supplements, the fiftieth percentile of supplemental niacin intake was 20 mg for men and 30 mg for women. In the 1986 National Health Interview Survey, 26 percent of all adults reported use of supplements containing niacin (Moss et al., 1989). Supplements containing up to about 400 mg of niacin are available without a prescription.
TOLERABLE UPPER INTAKE LEVELS
There is no evidence of adverse effects from the consumption of naturally occurring niacin in foods. Therefore, this review is limited to evidence concerning intake of niacin as a supplement, food fortificant, or pharmacological agent.
TABLE 6-2 Food Groups Providing Niacina in the Diets of U.S. Men and Women Aged 19 Years and Older, CSFII, 1995b
Contribution to Total Niacin Intakec (%)
Foods Within the Group that Provide at Least 4 mg of Niacind per Serving
Food Group
> 8 mg
Food groups providing at least 5% of total niacin intake
Mixed foodse
Turkey light meat, duck, and chicken light and dark meat
Chicken breast and Cornish game hen
Ready-to-eat cereals
Moderately fortified
Highly fortified
Mixed foods, main ingredient is grain
Processed meatsg
Niacin from other food groups
Salmon, mackerel, mullet, croaker, and porgy
Tuna, swordfish, sturgeon, and trout
Lamb, veal, game
Lamb, venison, rabbit, and other game
Organ meats
a Preformed niacin only, not niacin equivalents.
b CSFII = Continuing Survey of Food Intakes by Individuals.
c Contribution to total intake reflects both the concentration of the nutrient in the food and the amount of the food consumed. It refers to the percentage contribution to the American diet for both men and women, based on 1995 CSFII data.
d 4 mg represents 20% of the Recommended Daily Intake (20.0 mg) of niacin—a value set by the Food and Drug Administration.
e Includes sandwiches and other foods with meat, poultry, or fish as the main ingredient.
f NA = not applicable. Mixed foods were not considered for this table.
g Includes frankfurters, sausages, lunch meats, and meat spreads.
SOURCE: Unpublished data from the Food Surveys Research Group, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, 1997.
One report showed adverse effects after consumption of bagels to which 60 times the normal amount of niacin had been added inadvertently (CDC, 1983). Most of the data on the adverse effects of excess niacin intake are from studies and case reports involving patients with hyperlipidemia or other disorders who were treated with pharmacological preparations containing immediate-release nicotinic acid or slow- or sustained-release nicotinic acid. The Tolerable Upper Intake Level (UL) developed here applies to all forms of niacin added to foods or taken as supplements (e.g., immediaterelease, slow or sustained-release nicotinic acid, and niacinamide [nicotinamide]). Adverse effects such as nausea, vomiting, and signs and symptoms of liver toxicity have been observed at nicotinamide intakes of 3,000 mg/day (Rader et al., 1992) compared with intakes of nicotinic acid of 1,500 mg/day (McKenney et al., 1994). The generic term niacin may be considered interchangeable with nicotinic acid. As described below, the critical adverse effect selected was flushing to the extent that it results in a change in the dosing pattern or withdrawal from treatment.
Vasodilatory Effects (Flushing). The term flushing covers a burning, tingling, and itching sensation as well as a reddened flush primarily on the face, arms, and chest. Flushing occurs in many patients treated with nicotinic acid therapeutically. It is often accompanied by pruritus, headaches, and increased intracranial blood flow (Miller and Hayes, 1982). Occasionally, it is accompanied by pain (Bean and Spies, 1940). Case reports and clinical trials have reported flushing effects at oral doses of 30 to 1,000 mg/day within 30 minutes to 6 weeks of the initial dose (CDC, 1983; Estep et al., 1977; Henkin et al., 1990; McKenney et al., 1994; Sebrell and Butler, 1938; Spies et al., 1938). Although flushing is a transient effect, it often results in patients deciding to withdraw from treatment.
In a study of the flushing effects of nicotinic acid and other pyridine compounds in humans, Bean and Spies (1940) suggest that pyridine compounds without a carboxyl radical in the 3 position of the pyridine ring do not produce flushing effects. Nicotinamide, which does not have a carboxyl radical in the 3 position, does not appear to be associated with flushing.
Flushing appears to be more closely related to a continuous rise in plasma nicotinic acid concentrations than to the absolute dose. Tolerance to nicotinic acid-induced flushing can develop whereby the effects are minimized when the dose is slowly increased over time (Stern et al., 1991). Flushing effects can also be reduced somewhat by taking niacin with food (Knodel and Talbert, 1987). Flush-
ing has been shown to be prostaglandin mediated, and tolerance results from reduction in prostaglandin levels with continued administration (Morrow et al., 1989, 1992).
Gastrointestinal Effects. In addition to flushing, nonspecific gastrointestinal effects are common in patients treated with nicotinic acid (Knodel and Talbert, 1987), especially with slow-release preparations (McKenney et al., 1994; Rader et al., 1992). The gastrointestinal effects in patients taking the slow-release form have been shown to be associated with liver enzyme elevations (Gibbons et al., 1995).
Hepatotoxicity. The hepatotoxicity of niacin has been demonstrated in numerous case reports (Clementz and Holmes, 1987; Dalton and Berry, 1992; Einstein et al., 1975; Etchason et al., 1991; Ferenchick and Rovner, 1989; Frost, 1991; Goldstein, 1988; Henkin et al., 1990; Hodis, 1990; Knapp and Middleton, 1991; Knopp, 1991; McKenney et al., 1994; Mullin et al., 1989; Palumbo, 1991; Patterson et al., 1983). In the most severe cases, patients develop liver dysfunction and fulminant hepatitis and may progress to stage 3 and 4 encephalopathy requiring liver transplantation (Clementz and Holmes, 1987; Hodis, 1990; Mullin et al., 1989). The most frequently observed manifestations of niacin-induced hepatitis are jaundice and increased levels of serum transaminases (Etchason et al., 1991). These effects are typically associated with high doses (3 to 9 g/day of niacin) used to treat patients with hypercholesterolemia for periods of months to years (Clementz and Holmes, 1987; Einstein et al., 1975; Pardue, 1961; Patterson et al., 1983; Rivin, 1959; Winter and Boyer, 1973). Almost all of the patients in these case reports were taking the slow-release form. A recent double-blind comparison study suggested that the slow-release form is more hepatotoxic than the immediate-release form (McKenney et al., 1994). However, another study reported hepatotoxicity with both forms of niacin (Gray et al., 1994).
Glucose Intolerance. Large doses (3 g/day) of nicotinic acid used to treat patients with hypercholesterolemia have produced impaired glucose tolerance in otherwise apparently healthy individuals (Miettinen et al., 1969). The adverse effects on glucose tolerance have been observed during short- and long-term administration of the drug (Schwartz, 1993).
Ocular Effects. Niacin treatment may produce significant ocular effects, including blurred vision, toxic amblyopia, macular edema,
and cystic maculopathy. However, there are very few cases in the literature (Fraunfelder et al., 1995). Doses of 1.5 to 5 g/day of niacin have been associated with ocular effects (Fraunfelder et al., 1995; Gass, 1973; Millay et al., 1988). Niacin-induced ocular effects appear to be reversible and dose dependent.
Flushing is the adverse effect first observed after excess niacin intake and is generally observed at lower doses than are other effects. Flushing that results in patients deciding to change the pattern of niacin intake (i.e., reduce the amount taken at a time or withdraw from treatment) was selected as the most appropriate endpoint on which to base a UL. Although nicotinamide appears not to be associated with flushing effects, a UL for nicotinic acid that is based on flushing is considered protective against potential adverse effects of nicotinamide. The data on hepatotoxicity are considered less relevant to the general population because they involve large doses taken for long periods of time for the treatment of a medical condition.
Dose-Response Assessment
Data Selection. The data sets used to identify the lowest-observed-adverse-effect level (LOAEL) for niacin included anecdotal reports and clinical trials involving oral intake of niacin by healthy individuals. Studies involving parenteral administration were not considered in the dose-response assessment. Studies involving immediate-release forms of niacin were considered more relevant to niacin intake by the general population than were studies involving sustained-release forms.
Identification of a LOAEL. The data are not adequate to identify a no-observed-adverse-effect level (NOAEL) for flushing. To identify a LOAEL, flushing reactions were considered if they resulted in a patient either changing the form or amount of niacin used or with-drawing from treatment. A LOAEL of 50 mg/day was identified based on a study by Sebrell and Butler (1938) in which four (66 percent) of six persons experienced a flushing sensation after oral intake of 50 mg/day of nicotinic acid given with meals for 92 days. In one of the four subjects who experienced flushing effects, the
daily dose of 50 mg was given as 25 mg in the morning and evening. Although this study also reported a flushing reaction in one of six subjects taking 30 mg of nicotinic acid daily on day 32 of intake, this reaction was not bothersome enough to change the dosing pattern. Sebrell and Butler (1938) was selected as the critical study for identifying a LOAEL and deriving a UL because it provides the lowest effect level. A study by Spies et al. (1938) provides supportive evidence for a LOAEL of 50 mg/day. In this study, five of 100 individuals (5 percent) experienced flushing after a single oral dose of 50 mg of nicotinic acid, 50 individuals (50 percent) experienced flushing after 100 mg, and all individuals experienced flushing after 500 mg.
There is one case report showing that 14 of 69 persons (20 percent) experienced onset of rash, pruritus, and a sensation of warmth about 30 minutes after consuming one or more pumpernickel bagels to which niacin had been inadvertently added from an improperly labeled container (CDC, 1983). The bagels were found to contain an average of 190 mg of niacin.
Uncertainty Assessment. Because of the transient nature of the flushing effect, a small uncertainty factor (UF) of 1.5 was selected. A smaller UF was not appropriate because it is applied to a LOAEL rather than a NOAEL.
Derivation of a UL. A LOAEL of 50 mg/day was divided by a UF of 1.5 to obtain the UL for adults of 35 mg/day, a rounded estimate.
UL for Adults
35 mg/day of niacin
Other Life Stage Groups
For infants the UL was judged not determinable because of a lack of data on adverse effects in this age group and concern about the infant’s ability to handle excess amounts. To prevent high levels of intake, the only source of intake for infants should be from food. No data were found to suggest that other life stage groups have increased susceptibility to flushing effects from excess niacin intake. Therefore, the UL of 35 mg/day is also set for pregnant and lactating adult women. The UL of 35 mg/day for adults was adjusted for children and adolescents on the basis of relative body weight as described in Chapter 3 and by using reference weights from Chapter 1, Table 1-2. Values have been rounded down.
UL for Infants
Not possible to establish; source of intake should be formula and food only
UL for Children
UL for Adolescents
UL for Pregnancy
UL for Lactation
A review of the literature identified individuals with the following conditions as being distinctly susceptible to the adverse effects of excess niacin intake: hepatic dysfunction or a history of liver disease, diabetes mellitus, active peptic ulcer disease, gout, cardiac arrhythmias, inflammatory bowel disease, migraine headaches, and alcoholism. Therefore, people with these conditions may not be protected by the UL for niacin for the general population.
Intake Assessment
On the basis of data from the Third National Health and Nutrition Survey, the highest mean intake of niacin from diet and supplements for any life stage and gender group was 39 mg/day. This intake was being consumed by men aged 31 through 50 years, women over age 70, and pregnant women aged 14 through 55 years. The highest reported intake at the ninety-fifth percentile was 77 mg/day in women aged 51 through 70 years (see Appendix H). Niacin is available over the counter in dosages ranging up to 100 mg or more (in the immediate-release form).
Niacin intake data indicate that a small percentage of the U.S. population is likely to exceed the UL. Individuals who take over-the-counter niacin to treat themselves, for example, for high blood cholesterol, might exceed the UL on a chronic basis. The UL is not meant to apply to individuals who are receiving niacin under medical supervision.
RESEARCH RECOMMENDATIONS FOR NIACIN
Data useful for setting the Estimated Average Requirement (EAR) for children, adolescents, pregnant women, and lactating women are scanty, but evidence suggests that niacin intake in the United States and Canada is generous relative to need. Priority should be given to studies in two areas:
the niacin requirement to satisfy nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) needs for increased adenosine diphosphate ribosylation resulting from oxidant-deoxyribonucleic acid damage and
sensitive and specific blood measures of niacin status. Current assessments of niacin status and requirement are based solely on urinary metabolite measures; measurements of plasma metabolites such as the 2-pyridone derivatives may be productive. Two recent experimental studies have suggested erythrocyte NAD as a functional blood measure of niacin status (Eu et al., 1989; Ribaya-Mercado et al., 1997), but further work is needed in clinical populations.
Bean WB, Spies TD. 1940. A study of the effects of nicotinic acid and related pyridine and pyrazine compounds on the temperature of the skin of human beings. Am Heart J 20:62–75.
Bechgaard H, Jespersen S. 1977. GI absorption of niacin in humans. J Pharm Sci 66:871–872.
Bernofsky C. 1980. Physiology aspects of pyridine nucleotide regulation in mammals. Mol Cell Biochem 33:135–143.
Carpenter KJ, Lewin WJ. 1985. A reexamination of the composition of diets associated with pellagra. J Nutr 115:543–552.
Carter EG, Carpenter KJ. 1982. The bioavailability for humans of bound niacin from wheat bran. Am J Clin Nutr 36:855–861.
CDC (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention). 1983. Niacin intoxication from pumpernickel bagels—New York. MMWR 32:305.
Clementz GL, Holmes AW. 1987. Nicotinic acid-induced fulminant hepatic failure. J Clin Gastroenterol 9:582–584.
Committee on Nutrition. 1985. Composition of human milk: Normative data. In: Pediatric Nutrition Handbook, 2nd ed. Elk Grove Village, IL: American Academy of Pediatrics. Pp. 363–368.
Dalton TA, Berry RS. 1992. Hepatotoxicity associated with sustained-release niacin. Am J Med 93:102–104.
Dillon JC, Malfait P, Demaux G, Foldihope C. 1992. Urinary metabolites of niacin during the course of pellagra. Ann Nutr Metab 36:181–185.
Einstein N, Baker A, Galper J, Wolfe H. 1975. Jaundice due to nicotinic acid therapy. Am J Dig Dis 20:282–286.
Estep DL, Gay GR, Rappolt RT Sr. 1977. Preliminary report of the effects of propranolol HCl on the discomfiture caused by niacin. Clin Toxicol 11:325–328.
Etchason JA, Miller TD, Squires RW, Allison TG, Gau GT, Marttila JK, Kottke BA. 1991. Niacin-induced hepatitis: A potential side effect with low-dose time-release niacin. Mayo Clin Proc 66:23–28.
Ferenchick G, Rovner D. 1989. Case report: Hepatitis and hematemesis complicating nicotinic acid use. Am J Med Sci 298:191–193.
Ford JE, Zechalko A, Murphy J, Brooke OG. 1983. Comparison of the B vitamin composition of milk from mothers of preterm and term babies. Arch Dis Child 58:367–372.
Fraunfelder FW, Fraunfelder FT, Illingworth DR. 1995. Adverse ocular effects associated with niacin therapy. Br J Ophthalmol 79:54–56.
Frost PH. 1991. All niacin is not the same. Ann Intern Med 114:1065.
Fu CS, Swendseid ME, Jacob RA, McKee RW. 1989. Biochemical markers for assessment of niacin status in young men: Levels of erythrocyte niacin coenzymes and plasma tryptophan. J Nutr 119:1949–1955.
Gass JD. 1973. Nicotinic acid maculopathy. Am J Ophthalmol 76:500–510.
Gibbons LW, Gonzalez V, Gordon N, Grundy S. 1995. The prevalence of side effects with regular and sustained-release nicotinic acid. Am J Med 99:378–385.
Goldsmith GA. 1958. Niacin-tryptophan relationships in man and niacin requirement. Am J Clin Nutr 6:479–486.
Goldsmith GA, Sarett HP, Register UD, Gibbens J. 1952. Studies on niacin requirement in man. 1. Experimental pellagra in subjects on corn diets low in niacin and tryptophan. J Clin Invest 31:533–542.
Goldsmith GA, Rosenthal HL, Gibbens J, Unglaub WG. 1955. Studies on niacin requirement in man. 2. Requirement on wheat and corn diets low in tryptophan . J Nutr 56:371–386.
Goldsmith GA, Gibbens J, Unglaub WG, Miller ON. 1956. Studies on niacin requirement in man. 3. Comparative effects of diets containing lime-treated and untreated corn in the production of experimental pellagra. Am J Clin Nutr 4:151–160.
Goldstein MR. 1988. Potential problems with the widespread use of niacin. Am J Med 85:881.
Gray DR, Morgan T, Chretien SD, Kashyap ML. 1994. Efficacy and safety of controlled-release niacin in dyslipoproteinemic veterans. Ann Intern Med 121:252– 258.
Henderson LM, Gross CJ. 1979. Metabolism of niacin and niacinamide in perfused rat intestine. J Nutr 109:654–662.
Henkin Y, Johnson KC, Segrest JP. 1990. Rechallenge with crystalline niacin after drug-induced hepatitis from sustained-release niacin. J Am Med Assoc 264:241– 243.
Hodis HN. 1990. Acute hepatic failure associated with the use of low-dose sustained-release niacin. J Am Med Assoc 264:181.
Horwitt MK. 1958. Niacin-tryptophan requirements of man. J Am Diet Assoc 34:914– 919.
Horwitt MK, Harvey CC, Rothwell WS, Cutler JL, Haffron D. 1956. Tryptophanniacin relationships in man: Studies with diets deficient in riboflavin and niacin, together with observations on the excretion of nitrogen and niacin metabolites. J Nutr 60:1–43.
Horwitt MK, Harper AE, Henderson LM. 1981. Niacin-tryptophan relationships for evaluating niacin equivalents. Am J Clin Nutr 34:423–427.
ICNND (Interdepartmental Committee on Nutrition for National Defense). 1963. Manual for Nutrition Surveys, 2nd ed. Bethesda, MD: National Institutes of Health. P. 244.
Jacob RA, Swendseid ME, McKee RW, Fu CS, Clemens RA. 1989. Biochemical markers for assessment of niacin status in young men: Urinary and blood levels of niacin metabolites. J Nutr 119:591–598.
Jacobson EL, Lange RA, Jacobson MK. 1979. Pyridine nucleotide synthesis in 3T3 cells. J Cell Physiol 99:417–425.
Kim H, Jacobson EL, Jacobson MK. 1994. NAD glycohydrolases: A possible function in calcium homeostasis. Mol Cell Biochem 138:237–243.
Knapp TR, Middleton RK. 1991. Adverse effects of sustained-release niacin. Ann Pharmacother 25:253–254.
Knodel LC, Talbert RL. 1987. Adverse effects of hypolipidaemic drugs. Med Toxicol 2:10–32.
Knopp RH. 1991. Niacin and hepatic failure. Ann Intern Med 111:769.
Knox WE. 1951. Two mechanisms which increase in vivo the liver tryptophan peroxidase activity: Specific enzyme adaptation and stimulation of the pituitary-adrenal system. Br J Exp Pathol 32:462–469.
Lan SJ, Henderson LM. 1968. Uptake of nicotinic acid and nicotinamide by rat erythrocytes. J Biol Chem 243:3388–3394.
Lautier D, Lagueux J, Thibodeau J, Menard L, Poirier GG. 1993. Molecular and biochemical features of poly (ADP-ribose) metabolism. Mol Cell Biochem 122:171–193.
Lee HC, Walseth TF, Bratt GT, Hayes RN, Clapper DL. 1989. Structural determination of a cyclic metabolite of NAD+ with intracellular CA2+-mobilizing activity. J Biol Chem 264:1608–1615.
Leklem JE, Brown RR, Rose DP, Linkswiler H, Arend RA. 1975. Metabolism of tryptophan and niacin in oral contraceptive users receiving controlled intakes of vitamin B6. Am J Clin Nutr 28:146–156.
Malfait P, Moren A, Dillon JC, Brodel A, Begkoyian G, Etchegorry MG, Malenga G, Hakewill P. 1993. An outbreak of pellagra related to changes in dietary niacin among Mozambican refugees in Malawi. Int J Epidemiol 22:504–511.
McCormick DB. 1988. Niacin. In: Shils ME, Young VR, eds. Modern Nutrition in Health and Disease. Philadelphia: Lea & Febiger. Pp. 370–375.
McCormick DB. 1989. Two interconnected B vitamins: Riboflavin and pyridoxine. Physiol Rev 69:1170–1198.
McKenney JM, Proctor JD, Harris S, Chinchili VM. 1994. A comparison of the efficacy and toxic effects of sustained- vs immediate-release niacin in hyper-cholesterolemic patients. J Am Med Assoc 271:672–677.
Miettinen TA, Taskinen M-R, Pelkonen R, Nikkila EA. 1969. Glucose tolerance and plasma insulin in man during acute and chronic administration of nicotinic acid. Acta Med Scand 186:247–253.
Millay RH, Klein ML, Illingworth DR. 1988. Niacin maculopathy. Ophthalmology 95:930–936.
Miller DR, Hayes KC. 1982. Vitamin excess and toxicity. In: Hathcock JN, ed. Nutritional Toxicology, Vol. 1. New York: Academic Press. Pp. 81–133.
Montalto MB, Benson JD, Martinez GA. 1985. Nutrient intake of formula-fed infants and infants fed cow’s milk. Pediatrics 75:343–351.
Morrow JD, Parsons WG 3rd, Roberts LJ 2nd. 1989. Release of markedly increased quantities of prostaglandin D2 in vivo in humans following the administration of nicotinic acid. Prostaglandins 38:263–274.
Morrow JD, Awad JA, Oates JA, Roberts LJ. 1992. Identification of skin as a major site of prostaglandin D2 release following oral administration of niacin in humans. J Invest Dermatol 98:812–815.
Moss AJ, Levy AS, Kim I, Park YK. 1989. Use of Vitamin and Mineral Supplements in the United States: Current Users, Types of Products, and Nutrients. Advance Data, Vital and Health Statistics of the National Center for Health Statistics, No. 174. Hyattsville, MD: National Center for Health Statistics.
Mrochek JE, Jolley RL, Young DS, Turner WJ. 1976. Metabolic response of humans to ingestion of nicotinic acid and nicotinamide. Clin Chem 22:1821–1827.
Mullin GE, Greenson JK, Mitchel MC. 1989. Fulminant hepatic failure after ingestion of sustained-release nicotinic acid. Ann Intern Med 111:253–255.
NRC (National Research Council). 1989. Recommended Dietary Allowances, 10th ed. Washington, DC: National Academy Press.
Palumbo PJ. 1991. Rediscovery of crystalline niacin. Mayo Clin Proc 66:112–113.
Pardue WO. 1961. Severe liver dysfunction during nicotinic acid therapy. J Am Med Assoc 175:137–138.
Patterson JI, Brown RR, Linkswiler H, Harper AE. 1980. Excretion of tryptophanniacin metabolites by young men: Effects of tryptophan, leucine, and vitamin B6 intakes. Am J Clin Nutr 33:2157–2167.
Patterson DJ, Dew EW, Gyorkey R, Graham GY. 1983. Niacin hepatitis. South Med J 76:239–241.
Rader JI, Calvert RJ, Hathcock JN. 1992. Hepatic toxicity of unmodified and time-release preparations of niacin. Am J Med 92:77–81.
Ribaya-Mercado JD, Russell RM, Rasmussen HM, Grim MC, Perrone-Petty G, Gershoff SN. 1997. Effect of niacin status on gastrointestinal function and serum lipids. FASEB J 11:A179.
Rivin AU. 1959. Jaundice occurring during nicotinic acid therapy for hypercholesteremia. J Am Med Assoc 170:2088–2089.
Rose DP, Braidman IP. 1971. Excretion of tryptophan metabolites as affected by pregnancy, contraceptive steroids, and steroid hormones. Am J Clin Nutr 24:673–683.
Sauberlich HE, Skala JH, Dowdy RP. 1974. Laboratory Tests for the Assessment of Nutritional Status. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press.
Schwartz ML. 1993. Severe reversible hyperglycemia as a consequence of niacin therapy. Arch Intern Med 153:2050–2052.
Sebrell WH, Butler RE. 1938. A reaction to the oral administration of nicotinic acid. J Am Med Assoc 111:2286–2287.
Shibata K, Matsuo H. 1989. Effect of supplementing low protein diets with the limiting amino acids on the excretion of N1-methylnicotinamide and its pyridones in rats. J Nutr 119:896–901.
Spies TD, Bean WB, Stone RE. 1938. The treatment of subclinical and classic pellagra. J Am Med Assoc 111:584–592.
Stern RH, Spence JD, Freeman DJ, Parbtani A. 1991. Tolerance to nicotinic acid flushing. Clin Pharmacol Ther 50:66–70.
Stierum RH, Vanherwijnen MH, Hageman GJ, Kleinjans JC. 1994. Increased poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase activity during repair of (+/-)-anti-benzo[a]pyrene diolepoxide-induced DNA damage in human peripheral blood lymphocytes in vitro. Carcinogenesis 15:745–751.
Vivian VM, Chaloupka MM, Reynolds MS. 1958. Some aspects of tryptophan metabolism in human subjects. 1. Nitrogen balances, blood pyridine nucleotides, and urinary excretion of N-methylnicotinamide and N-methyl-2-pyridone-5-carboxamide on a low-niacin diet. J Nutr 66:587–598.
Wertz AW, Lojkin ME, Bouchard BS, Derby MB. 1958. Tryptophan-niacin relationships in pregnancy. J Nutr 64:339–353.
Winter SL, Boyer JL. 1973. Hepatic toxicity from large doses of vitamin B3 (nicotinamide). N Engl J Med 289:1180–1182.
Next: 7 Vitamin B6 »
Dietary Reference Intakes for Thiamin, Riboflavin, Niacin, Vitamin B6, Folate, Vitamin B12, Pantothenic Acid, Biotin, and Choline Get This Book
Buy Paperback | $59.95 Buy Hardback | $95.00 Buy Ebook | $47.99
Since 1941, Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDAs) has been recognized as the most authoritative source of information on nutrient levels for healthy people. Since publication of the 10th edition in 1989, there has been rising awareness of the impact of nutrition on chronic disease. In light of new research findings and a growing public focus on nutrition and health, the expert panel responsible for formulation RDAs reviewed and expanded its approach—the result: Dietary Reference Intakes.
This new series of references greatly extends the scope and application of previous nutrient guidelines. For each nutrient the book presents what is known about how the nutrient functions in the human body, what the best method is to determine its requirements, which factors (caffeine or exercise, for example) may affect how it works, and how the nutrient may be related to chronic disease.
This volume of the series presents information about thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, vitamin B6, folate, vitamin B12, pantothenic acid, biotin, and choline.
Based on analysis of nutrient metabolism in humans and data on intakes in the U.S. population, the committee recommends intakes for each age group—from the first days of life through childhood, sexual maturity, midlife, and the later years. Recommendations for pregnancy and lactation also are made, and the book identifies when intake of a nutrient may be too much. Representing a new paradigm for the nutrition community, Dietary Reference Intakes encompasses:
Estimated Average Requirements (EARs). These are used to set Recommended Dietary Allowances.
Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDAs). Intakes that meet the RDA are likely to meet the nutrient requirement of nearly all individuals in a life-stage and gender group.
Adequate Intakes (AIs). These are used instead of RDAs when an EAR cannot be calculated. Both the RDA and the AI may be used as goals for individual intake.
Tolerable Upper Intake Levels (ULs). Intakes below the UL are unlikely to pose risks of adverse health effects in healthy people.
This new framework encompasses both essential nutrients and other food components thought to pay a role in health, such as dietary fiber. It incorporates functional endpoints and examines the relationship between dose and response in determining adequacy and the hazards of excess intake for each nutrient.
Front Matter i–xxiv
1 Introduction to Dietary Reference Intakes 17–26
2 The B Vitamins and Choline: Overview and Methods 27–40
3 A Model for the Development of Tolerable Upper Intake Levels 41–57
4 Thiamin 58–86
5 Riboflavin 87–122
6 Niacin 123–149
7 Vitamin B6 150–195
8 Folate 196–305
9 Vitamin B12 306–356
10 Pantothenic Acid 357–373
11 Biotin 374–389
12 Choline 390–422
13 Uses of Dietary Reference Intakes 423–436
14 A Research Agenda 437–442
A Origin and Framework of the Development of Dietary Reference Intakes 443–447
B Acknowledgments 448–450
C Système International d'Unités 451–452
D Search Strategies 453–455
E Methodological Problems Associated with Laboratory Values and Food Composition Data for B Vitamins 456–459
F Dietary Intake Data from the Boston Nutritional Status Survey, 1981–1984 460–465
G Dietary Intake Data from the Continuing Survey of Food Intakes by Individuals (CSFII), 1994–1995 466–477
H Dietary Intake Data from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III), 1988–1994 478–501
I Daily Intakes of B Vitamins by Canadian Men and Women, 1990, 1993 502–506
J Options for Dealing with Uncertainties in Developing Tolerable Upper Intake Levels 507–511
K Blood Concentrations of Folate and Vitamin B12 from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III), 1988–1994 512–519
L Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase 520–522
M Evidence from Animal Studies on the Etiology of Neural Tube Defects 523–526
N Estimation of the Period Covered by Vitamin B12 Stores 527–530
O Biographical Sketches 531–536
P Glossary and Abbreviations 537–540
Switch between the Original Pages, where you can read the report as it appeared in print, and Text Pages for the web version, where you can highlight and search the text.
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0012.json.gz/line2083
|
__label__wiki
| 0.911339
| 0.911339
|
×
Friends & Membership
NCT Heritage Services Limited
Map of churches helped
Grants FAQs
Choose the right grant
Cornerstone (large) Grants
Gateway (medium) Grants
Foundation (small) Grants for maintenance
Preventative Maintenance Micro-Grants
Grants for Northern Ireland
Wolfson Grants
How our grants help
Open grant data - 360 Giving
Awards & Projects
Church Tourism
Local Treasures
Ride+Stride for churches
Treasure Ireland
UK Church Architecture Awards
The Good Guardianship Awards
Marsh Awards
Helping churches around the UK
Local churches trusts
Events for Friends and supporters
Offers for Friends and supporters
Friends Newsletter
Join our Cornerstone Club
Conferences, seminars and training
MaintenanceBooker
Manage church building projects
Manage and maintain your church building
Discover churches
Support organisations
The Professional Trades Directory
ExploreChurches
Home▹
News▹
Published: Thursday, February 12, 2015
The tower of St Nicholas’ church in North Walsham, Norfolk, has finally been restored to its full glory, with funding support from the National Churches Trust.
St Nicholas' church was built in the 14th century. For many centuries its 147ft tower made it the tallest local building, second only to Norwich Cathedral. It contained a peal of bells which were rung for the Ascension Tide Fayre in 1724.
Sadly, St Nicholas' has had many problems, starting only the day after the 1724 Ascension Tide Fayre, when the tower collapsed. More masonry fell in 1835, and the north side fell after heavy gales in 1836. The east tower was lowered and made safe, but plans to rebuild it failed to materialise when maintenance costs spiralled. Stabilisation was carried out in 1939, but poor repair work meant that large chunks of flint and masonry worked loose, and alarm bells rang in 2011 when several pieces tumbled to the churchyard below and a crack appeared in the exposed wall.
National Churches Trust support
A resulting high level survey revealed crumbling walls, requiring proper measures to make the tower safe. In response to this need, we supported St Nicholas' with a £10,000 National Churches Repair Grant to help fund repairs to the tower, bellcote, stonework and west window.
And on Saturday 7 February 2015, St Nicholas’ church celebrated its full restoration with a topping out ceremony, at which the congregation and contractors enjoyed a bottle of champagne atop their new tower, more than 25m above North Walsham. Later this month, the safety fencing and scaffolding, in place since August 2011, will come down, and townsfolk will be able to see their newly beautified Church.
Vicar Rev Paul Cubitt hailed the project’s swift success as a message of hope for the town’s future. He said: “It was frightening to see, up in the tower, the size of some of the loose rubble that could have come down – as big as boulders. It was a matter of life and death that this work was done... Everything else will seem less daunting now. The renewal of the tower is symbolic of the renewal of the town.”
Churchwarden Nancy Heywood said: "On behalf of St Nicholas Church I would like to thank the National Churches Trust for your support. The work is now almost complete and we are greatly looking forward to the scaffolding and fencing being taken down early in February so that we can enjoy the full view of our Grade I Listed building."
Please help us to care for more churches like St Nichaols' church in North Walsham by becoming a Friend of the National Churches Trus
The National Churches Trust relies solely on the generosity of our supporters to fund our work. Last year we helped to rescue over 140 churches, chapels and meeting houses with grants totally close to £1.5m, but sadly we currently receive far more requests for help than we can possibly answer, and are forced to turn down three out of every four places of worship that apply for a grant.
The good news is that there are many ways in which you can help us to help churches; by becoming a friend, making a donation, or leaving a legacy in your will. Find out more about how you can support our work and Britain’s churches.
St Nicholas' Church, North Walsham, before the tower repairs
St Nicholas' Church, North Walsham, during the tower repairs, (c) Mark Bullimore
St Nicholas' Church tower after the collapse of 1724
Trades Directory News
Research and consultations
50 Things to do in a Church
Celebrating 200 years of the ICBS
What is the biggest problem facing the UK's church buildings? 2019 opinion poll
Help us keep churches, chapels and meeting houses alive
Your donation will help fix leaking roofs, repair crumbling stonework and install kitchens and toilets.
Other £
Become a Friend of the National Churches Trust
Love churches even more as a Friend of the National Churches Trust
How we are helping the UK's churches and chapels
Churches and chapels removed from the Heritage at Risk Register in 2019 with the support of our grants.
Churches and chapel projects we have helped fund in 2019.
£1.3 million
Grants we awarded to churches and chapels in 2019 for urgent repairs, new facilities, maintenance and project development.
Sign up to our newsletter to find out first about upcoming events and news.
+44 (0)20 7227 1939 (fax)
info@nationalchurchestrust.org
National Churches Trust
7 Tufton Street
SW1P 3QB
Vimeo
Wordpress blog
© 2021 National Churches Trust. All Rights Reserved. Charity web design by Fat Beehive.
Registered Charity (No. 1119845). Registered office: 7 Tufton Street, London, SW1P 3QB.
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0012.json.gz/line2084
|
__label__wiki
| 0.519186
| 0.519186
|
WFB Editor in Chief Makes the Case Against Impeachment
Washington Free Beacon editor in chief Eliana Johnson on Sunday outlined the case against impeaching President Donald Trump.
“The American people voted, and they should have the final say on whether President Trump is reelected,” Johnson said during CBS Sunday Morning‘s “Point, Counterpoint” segment. “The Democrats say the president tried to undermine the election process. But they have worked to delegitimize this president since before he was sworn into office.”
Nadler on Party-Switching Dem: He’s Reacting to Polls
Comey: I Was Wrong
Johnson said that House Democrats rushed to investigate Trump, refusing to hear from key witnesses like Secretary of State Mike Pompeo and former secretary of energy Rick Perry for fear of a lengthy court battle. She added that the pro-impeachment side has changed its argument over the course of the debate.
“Their arguments in favor of impeachment have morphed from ‘quid pro quo’ to bribery, and now to election meddling. The Democrats are right: It was wrong for Donald Trump to pressure his Ukrainian counterpart to announce an investigation into a political opponent. But the system worked,” Johnson said. “Unlike Barack Obama, this president delivered lethal aid to our Ukrainian allies in their fight against Putin’s Russia.”
“The Democrats have not made a convincing case for impeachment. That’s why, heading into the House vote, the question is not how many Republicans will join their Democratic colleagues and vote to impeach the president, but how many Democrats will oppose the measure,” Johnson said.
New York Times columnist Thomas Friedman made the counterpoint, saying that Trump must be impeached.
The post WFB Editor in Chief Makes the Case Against Impeachment appeared first on Washington Free Beacon.
Author Washington Free BeaconPosted on December 15, 2019 Categories Washington Free Beacon
Previous Previous post: Nadler on Party-Switching Dem: He’s Reacting to Polls
Next Next post: “It’s Sickening”: Elon Musk’s P.I. Dug Through Vern Unsworth’s Trash To Find Dirt
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0012.json.gz/line2085
|
__label__cc
| 0.690812
| 0.309188
|
Garlic benefits
Properties and Benefits of Garlic
October 6, 2020 by Marius Lixandru
Garlic (Allium sativum) is one of the most fascinating bulb plants, a vegetable full of nutrients and antioxidant phytochemicals, highly pungent in flavor and with excellent antimicrobial properties. Garlic is famous for its antibiotic and antibacterial properties and possesses generous amounts of several essential nutrients, notably vitamins C, B1, B5 and B6, copper, calcium, iron, manganese, phosphorus, selenium and zinc. Its sharp flavor is a source of organic sulfur compounds with antioxidant effects and potential benefits for cancer prevention.
Ancient peoples such as the Egyptians, the Greek and the Romans thought garlic was a highly potent medicinal plant and used it to cure everything from parasitic infections to respiratory problems. It was even used as a cure for the plague that broke out in Europe during the Middle Ages. While not miraculous, naturally-occurring compounds in the flavorful bulb have strong anti-parasitic effects and scientifically proven antibacterial properties. Studies show eating garlic or taking garlic supplements can result in fewer colds and other respiratory infections and better overall health. Recent studies have also shown that the anthrax bacterium, Bacillus anthracis, for instance, is sensitive to certain natural compounds in the plant species.
What does garlic look like?
Plants have an underground bulb called a garlic head made up of 6-20 kidney-shaped cloves. The bulb is covered with an inedible, thin, white, pink-red or red-purple papery skin. Each individual clove is covered in another layer of inedible, thin papery skin. Depending on the variety, cloves may be white, light brown, pink or red purple, often with patterned streaks of color. The bulbs are continued above-ground by long, upright, dark green stems, also edible. Garlic actually looks a lot like an onion plant, green onions, scallions or spring onions and leek.
How to tell apart garlic from onions?
The biggest difference between garlic and onions is the smell: garlic will smell like garlic, while onions will smell like onions. A more trained eye might notice that garlic plants are typically smaller than onion plants, with visibly thinner stems. While the young plants are almost indistinguishable in appearance from one another, once they mature and the individual cloves start to develop, the garlic bulb will start looking bumpy rather than acquiring a perfectly round shape.
What does garlic taste and smell like?
Garlic has a strong, sharp smell, crisp texture and a sharp, piquant, hot taste. Raw cloves are especially flavorful, more so when they are freshly crushed or chopped which is when they release sulfur-based compounds responsible for the typical flavor. Powder garlic is usually less pungent than the fresh cloves. Cooked cloves have a soft texture and a sweet taste, without the sharp, piquant flavor of fresh ones. The stems are also edible, raw and cooked, but have a milder taste and flavor. Overall, the younger the plant, the less sharp its taste.
Garlic nutrition facts and benefits
Following a laboratory analysis, Louis Pasteur, the famous French microbiologist, discovered that garlic was a potent natural antimicrobial. His research was taken forward and, after numerous studies, it has been confirmed that the species is indeed a strong natural antibiotic with a wide range of action against various strains of bacteria, viruses and even fungi.
Research conducted at the Wright State University has concluded that garlic is approximately 1% more potent than a traditional antibiotic like penicillin, but test results are limited to in vitro experiments. There are some researchers that theorize that the blood of a garlic eater can actually kill bacteria. Scientists have conducted experiments to find out whether or not it is more potent than traditional antibiotics and the results have shown that this bulbous, smelly plant can actually prove more efficient even than several broad spectrum antibiotics.
But such properties need to be harnessed and put into concentrated form before substituting antibiotic therapy for garlic eating. If your doctor has prescribed you antibiotics for an infection, it is best you take them accordingly and rely on garlic and good overall nutrition to help build up your immunity in order to avoid future infections. This way, your body will have a better, stronger, quicker response to future infections, more so when studies show that bacteria do not appear to develop a resistance to garlic.
There are studies which show that more mature and pungent bulbs have a stronger antioxidant and antimicrobial effect than younger, less flavorful plants. Purple or red garlic is also said to have more antioxidants than white varieties and indeed, the reddish-purple streaks of color indicate the presence of anthocyanin antioxidants (see the benefits of red garlic). Furthermore, eating garlic has been shown to help lower high blood pressure and LDL (bad) cholesterol levels, contributing to cardiovascular health.
Overall, the pungent bulbous plant is to be appreciated for its more than generous amounts of essential nutrients. It is particularly rich in vitamin C, hence its immunity-building properties, but should be consumed fresh in order to preserve its vitamin C content. It also contains great amounts of vitamin B6 (pyridoxine), good for digestion and elevated energy levels. Other B vitamins in garlic help with brain and nervous system health and energy metabolism. Copper helps prevent premature hair graying, while manganese is a strong antioxidant. Phosphorus, calcium and magnesium are great for healthy bones, while iron fights anemia.
Garlic side effects and contraindications
As the Latin saying goes, Est modus in rebus, it is best to eat garlic in moderation or, better yet, in small amounts. Because it interacts with anticoagulant medication, it is best to avoid it before any major or minor surgery. Garlic supplements in particular are to be avoided because of their concentrated effects and higher risk of bleeding.
The antimicrobial properties of garlic come from a substance called allicin, which is released when the cloves are damaged by cutting, chewing, crushing etc. The pungent compound responsible for the flavor of the vegetable is also a potent antioxidant, but also an irritant for mucous membranes. So, in addition to bad breath, eating too much garlic can cause heartburn, acid reflux and even lesions of the stomach wall that could trigger the onset of gastritis. This is the reason why doctors do not recommend it to people suffering from gastritis or other similar digestive disorders (read more about the best and worst foods for gastritis).
Too much garlic can cause indigestion, nausea, abdominal discomfort and painful stomach cramps. Topical use can cause rashes and skin burns. Inhaling garlic powder irritates the airways and can trigger a laryngospasm or asthma attack in those with allergies and asthma.
And probably the worst of side effects for some people: eating garlic causes bad body smell. One compound that contributes to the pungent flavor as well as some health benefits of the plant is allyl methyl sulfide. This pungent compound travels from the blood to the lungs, causing bad breath. It is also eliminated through the skin, hence the garlic body smell so many people experience after eating the pungent vegetable.
A study released in 2001 suggested that garlic supplements may have dangerous side effects when combined with HIV-AIDS medication, according to the National Institute of Allergies and Infectious Diseases. So talk to your doctor before resorting to any supplements or natural remedies, including eating garlic or taking garlic supplements and especially if you are on some kind of medication.
List of garlic benefits
1) Good for building up immunity against respiratory infections.
2) Has natural antiparasitic effects against intestinal parasites and worms.
3) Anti-inflammatory action thanks to its good vitamin C content.
4) Source of B vitamins for boosting energy and brain health.
5) Contains pyridoxine (vitamin B6) for preventing anemia and dermatitis.
6) Helps the body use selenium for thyroid health and better immunity.
7) Contains selenium for thyroid health (selenium deficiency causes hypothyroidism).
8) Lowers cholesterol and blood pressure.
9) Good for bone density (it contains calcium, magnesium, phosphorus).
10) With 2.1 g of dietary fiber/100 g, it contributes to relieving constipation and has prebiotic benefits.
Lastly, keep in mind that cooked garlic loses all of its vitamin C, but preserves its antimicrobial properties.
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0012.json.gz/line2086
|
__label__wiki
| 0.988428
| 0.988428
|
Coronavirus (COVID-19) National News
WHO team arrives in Wuhan to investigate pandemic origins
WUHAN, China — A global team of researchers arrived Thursday in the Chinese city where the coronavirus pandemic was first detected to conduct a politically sensitive investigation into its origins amid uncertainty about whether Beijing might try to p
Jan 14, 2021 5:47 AM By: Canadian Press
WUHAN, China — A global team of researchers arrived Thursday in the Chinese city where the coronavirus pandemic was first detected to conduct a politically sensitive investigation into its origins amid uncertainty about whether Beijing might try to prevent embarrassing discoveries.
The group sent to Wuhan by the World Health Organization was approved by President Xi Jinping's government after months of diplomatic wrangling that prompted an unusual public complaint by the head of WHO.
Scientists suspect the virus that has killed more than 1.9 million people since late 2019 jumped to humans from bats or other animals, most likely in China's southwest. The ruling Communist Party, stung by complaints it allowed the disease to spread, has suggested the virus came from abroad, possibly on imported seafood, but international scientists reject that.
Fifteen team members were to arrive in Wuhan on Thursday, but two tested positive for coronavirus antibodies before leaving Singapore and were being retested there, WHO said in a statement on Twitter.
The rest of the team arrived at the Wuhan airport and walked through a makeshift clear plastic tunnel into the airport. The researchers, who wore face masks, were greeted by airport staff in full protective gear, including masks, goggles and full body suits.
They will undergo a two-week quarantine as well as a throat swab test and an antibody test for COVID-19, according to CGTN, the English-language channel of state broadcaster CCTV. They are to start working with Chinese experts via video conference while in quarantine.
The team includes virus and other experts from the United States, Australia, Germany, Japan, Britain, Russia, the Netherlands, Qatar and Vietnam.
A government spokesman said this week they will “exchange views” with Chinese scientists but gave no indication whether they would be allowed to gather evidence.
China rejected demands for an international investigation after the Trump administration blamed Beijing for the virus's spread, which plunged the global economy into its deepest slump since the 1930s.
After Australia called in April for an independent inquiry, Beijing retaliated by blocking imports of Australian beef, wine and other goods.
One possibility is that a wildlife poacher might have passed the virus to traders who carried it to Wuhan, one of the WHO team members, zoologist Peter Daszak of the U.S. group EcoHealth Alliance, told The Associated Press in November.
A single visit by scientists is unlikely to confirm the virus's origins; pinning down an outbreak's animal reservoir is typically an exhaustive endeavour that takes years of research including taking animal samples, genetic analysis and epidemiological studies.
“The government should be very transparent and collaborative," said Shin-Ru Shih, director at the Research Center for Emerging Viral Infections at Taiwan's Chang Gung University.
The Chinese government has tried to stir confusion about the virus's origin. It has promoted theories, with little evidence, that the outbreak might have started with imports of tainted seafood, a notion rejected by international scientists and agencies.
"The WHO will need to conduct similar investigations in other places,” an official of the National Health Commission, Mi Feng, said Wednesday.
Some members of the WHO team were en route to China a week ago but had to turn back after Beijing announced they hadn't received valid visas.
That might have been a “bureaucratic bungle,” but the incident "raises the question if the Chinese authorities were trying to interfere,” said Adam Kamradt-Scott, a health expert at the University of Sydney.
A possible focus for investigators is the Wuhan Institute of Virology in the city where the outbreak first emerged. One of China's top virus research labs, it built an archive of genetic information about bat coronaviruses after the 2003 outbreak of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome.
According to WHO's published agenda for its origins research, there are no plans to assess whether there might have been an accidental release of the coronavirus at the Wuhan lab, as some American politicians, including President Donald Trump, have claimed.
A “scientific audit” of Institute records and safety measures would be a "routine activity,” said Mark Woolhouse, an epidemiologist at the University of Edinburgh. He said that depends on how willing Chinese authorities are to share information.
“There’s a big element of trust here,” Woolhouse said.
An AP investigation found the government imposed controls on research into the outbreak and bars scientists from speaking to reporters.
The coronavirus's exact origin may never be traced because viruses change quickly, Woolhouse said.
A year after the virus was first detected in Wuhan, the city is now bustling, with few signs that it was once the epicenter of the outbreak in China. But some residents say they're still eager to learn about its origin.
“We locals care about this very much. We are curious where the pandemic came from and what the situation was. We live here so we are keen to know," said Qin Qiong, owner of a chain of restaurants serving hot and sour noodles. She said she trusts in science to solve the question.
Although it may be challenging to find precisely the same COVID-19 virus in animals as in humans, discovering closely related viruses might help explain how the disease first jumped from animals and clarify what preventive measures are needed to avoid future epidemics.
Scientists should focus instead on making a “comprehensive picture” of the virus to help respond to future outbreaks, Woolhouse said.
“Now is not the time to blame anyone," Shih said. “We shouldn’t say, it’s your fault.”
Wu reported from Taipei, Taiwan.
Corrects that the Communist Party has “suggested” the virus came from abroad. It has not definitively said this.
Sam McNeil And Huizhong Wu, The Associated Press
More Coronavirus (COVID-19) National News
The latest numbers on COVID-19 in Canada for Jan. 16, 2021
Canada surpasses 700,000 confirmed COVID-19 cases as provinces revisit vaccine plans
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0012.json.gz/line2089
|
__label__wiki
| 0.857525
| 0.857525
|
Open Quaternary is a fully open access, double-blind peer-reviewed journal, publishing contributions that consider the changing environment of the Quaternary as well as the development of humanity.
The journal focuses on all aspects of the Quaternary. This scope is intentionally broad, and covers a range of specialisms such as geomorphology, palaeoclimatology, palaeobotany, palynology, palaeontology, zooarchaeology, geoarchaeology, biological anthropology and Palaeolithic archaeology.
The Open Quaternary site has received around 196,000 page views since its launch in March 2015, with the most accessed publication currently having been viewed/downloaded over 12,000 times. All publications are widely indexed for enhanced dissemination and findability. Average submission to publication times are currently around 140 days.
Why not follow our new Instagram account, read the Open Quaternary blog, or join our Telegram messaging service?
Open Quaternary was founded with the goal of making Quaternary Science more open, inclusive and diverse. We recognise that academia does not exist separately from the societal frameworks and institutions that have perpetuate injustice, and that we have a responsibility to underrepresented groups. We therefore wish to emphasise that Open Quaternary does, and will always, warmly welcome submissions from BIPOC, women and non-anglophone authors.
Open Quaternary's Statement of Solidarity
Open Quaternary stands in solidarity with those who are currently fighting for justice and reform around the world. We recognise that academia does not exist separately from the societal frameworks and institutions that have perpetuated these racial injustices.
Academic research, the institutions that support it, and its publication outlets must strive to reflect and perpetuate the positive changes these protests are working towards. Making Quaternary Science more open, inclusive and diverse was one of the founding principles of Open Quaternary. We will therefore continue to strive to improve the diversity of our Editorial Board, and we wish to emphasise that Open Quaternary does, and will always, warmly welcome submissions from BIPOC authors.
OQ accepted into Clarivate's Web of Science
We're very happy to announce that Open Quaternary has been accepted into three of the specialist collections within Clarivate Analytics' Web of Science database. All of our published content will now appear in:
Zoological Record
Biological Abstracts
As well as helping to make each article more visible, this acceptance confirms the high-quality content that the journal has been producing. As always, we would like to thank our authors, reviewers and editors for all of their efforts in helping Open Quaternary to succeed.
Open Quaternary in the news!
The recent publication on hyena fossils from the artic (Tseng et al. 2019) has been covered in great detail on mainstream press coverage. To list a few:
- New York Times
- The Smithsonian
- National Geographic
- ScienceNews
- cbc
- Discover Magazine
- The Daily Mail
- Gizmodo
- Radio Canada
- Vice
Read the full publication at http://doi.org/10.5334/oq.64
Latest Articles Popular Articles
Taphonomic Analyses of Cave Breccia in Southeast Asia: A Review and Future Directions
Smith et al.
A Review of Ethnographic Use of Wooden Spears and Implications for Pleistocene Hominin Hunting
Correction: Salt-Marsh Foraminiferal Distributions from Mainland Northern Georgia, USA: An Assessment of Their Viability for Sea-Level Studies
Chen et al.
Seeing the Landscape: Multiple Scales of Visualising Terrestrial Heritage on Rosemary Island (Dampier Archipelago)
McDonald et al.
The Geography of Trust and Betrayal: Moral disputes and Late Pleistocene dispersal
Spikins
Mitogenomics of the Extinct Cave Lion, Panthera spelaea (Goldfuss, 1810), Resolve its Position within the Panthera Cats
Barnett et al.
Working with the Public: How an Unusual Museum Enquiry Turned into Travels Through Time and Space
Freedman & Evans
Population Demography and Genetic Diversity in the Pleistocene Cave Lion
Dalén et al.
This journal has been awarded the Directory of Open Access Journals seal of approval and is a member of COPE.
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0012.json.gz/line2100
|
__label__cc
| 0.74048
| 0.25952
|
Tours/Exhibits
Imagine No Hunger / Theatre Horizon
Contact: Linda Panetta: 215.694.4240 / Linda@OpticalRealities.org
“Imagine No Hunger”
(Norristown, PA). In Montgomery County, where Theatre Horizon is located, over 80,000 people — 10 percent of its population — are affected by food insecurity, despite it being the second-wealthiest county in Pennsylvania.
Putting a human face to issues of poverty and homelessness is an exhibit titled: “Imagine No Hunger.” Staged in the theater’s lobby, the photo exhibit is a collage of images of those most vulnerable in the Norristown area and highlights the work of several Norristown food pantries and shelters. This 130+ piece exhibit is a collaboration between Theatre Horizon and Linda Panetta, a photojournalist, activist and professor at Cabrini University, as well as several of her students.
“The worst thing about being homeless isn’t living in a shelter, it’s going to bed at night and not being able to lay next to the man who has been the love of my life for more than 40 years.” – Mrs. Davis
In an effort to break down stereotypes about those experiencing homelessness, project organizers visited food pantries, shelters, and spent time on the streets of Norristown photographing individuals and hearing their stories. This exhibit attempts to bring awareness to hunger, poverty and the work local organizations are doing. It also highlights the hopes and struggles, hardship and determination of those most vulnerable in the Norristown region.
“We made the decision not to exclude anyone we photographed knowing that most of the people would, at some point, visit the theater to see their portrait and statements.” – Keith Brown (Cabrini University, Class ‘17).
The photos will be exhibited throughout the month of February at the Theatre Horizon in Norristown and accompanies the play Grand Concourse about a food pantry in the Bronx.
Collaborators include: Optical Realities Photography, OR Indie Arts Initiative, Cabrini University, Theatre Horizon, "Generocity”, Coordinated Homeless Outreach Center (CHOC), Norristown Hospitality Center, Calvary Baptist Soup Kitchen, and Norristown Recovery Learning Center. Imagine No Hunger was made possible through the support received by the Leo and Peggy Pierce Family Foundation
Optical Realities Indie Arts Initiative: http://www.orindiearts.org/Press-Release
Theatre Horizon: http://www.theatrehorizon.org/shows/grandconcourse.php
Facebook: “Optical Realities Photography”
Theatre Selection
Nutcracker Performance
Coordinated Homeless Outreach Center (CHOC), Norristown
Coordinated Homeless Outreach Center (CHOC)
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0012.json.gz/line2102
|
__label__cc
| 0.602686
| 0.397314
|
Federal judge rules Florida must add same-sex spouses to partners' death certificates
Posted By Deanna Ferrante on Fri, Mar 24, 2017 at 4:18 PM
Photo by Ted Eytan via Flickr
Despite the fact that the U.S. Supreme Court's 2015 ruling in Obergefell v. Hodges changed laws for gay widows and widowers, same-sex spouses in Florida have been fighting to have their names added to the death certificates of their partners.
On Thursday, March 23, U.S. District Judge Robert Hinkle changed that by ruling that the state must allow same-sex spouses to have the death certificates of their loved ones changed without having to go to court.
After the 2015 ruling, states have been required to include same-sex spouses on their partner's death certificates.
Florida, however, refused to do so for those who had died before the ruling. The state maintained that the law required same-sex spouses to pursue individual court orders in order to change the certificates.
The case was brought to court by Hal F.B. Birchfield, who legally married his husband James Merrick Smith in 2012, who died in Florida in 2013, and Paul Mocko, who legally married his husband William Gregory Patterson in 2014, who passed away later that year.
Both men died before the Obergefell v. Hodges ruling, so the Florida Constitution and Florida Statutes didn't recognize their marriages and didn't include Birchfield and Mocko on their partner's death certificates.
In his decision, Hinkle disagreed with Florida's old policy.
"As a matter of federal constitutional law, a state cannot properly refuse to correct a federal constitutional violation going forward, even if the violation arose before the dispute over the constitutional issue was settled,” he wrote. “If the law were otherwise, the schools might still be segregated.”
Hinkle’s ruling requires state officials to amend death certificates without a court order when involving a same-sex marriage that was recognized as lawful in the jurisdiction where it was entered.
The ruling also requires the surviving spouse to provide documentation, such as an affidavit, showing that the marriage wasn’t recognized or the same-sex partner wasn’t identified.
This isn't Hinkle's first decision surrounding the rights of same-sex couples. He previously struck down Florida’s voter-approved ban on gay marriage in November 2014.
Tags: same-sex marriage, gay rights, Robert Hinkle, Florida, death certificates, Image
« Here's your chance to help revise F… | Black lawmakers demand governor lea… »
Florida Supreme Court sides with state in TV tax fight
Paul Ryan’s no good very bad day
GLBT Center fined $1,000 by state after investigation into Pulse fundraiser
Judge sides with Orlando bakery owners who refused to put anti-gay slogan on cake
Six months ago, the massacre at Pulse changed Orlando forever
Federal court allows students to form gay-straight clubs after Florida school board blocked them
More by Deanna Ferrante
Local voices on how they remember June 12 and what Orlando showed the world on its darkest day
Find great beach camping to the north, south, east and west of Orlando
Bike to work with Mayor Buddy Dyer early-ass Friday morning
More than 300,000 new residents are moving to Florida every year
Rossi's Read More
Jade New Asian Bistro Read More
Chamberlin's Market & Cafe - Winter Park Read More
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0012.json.gz/line2104
|
__label__wiki
| 0.909228
| 0.909228
|
Adam Walsh Killer Identified
James Joyner · Tuesday, December 16, 2008 · 6 comments
The Adam Walsh murder has been solved after 27 years.
A serial killer who died more than a decade ago is the person who decapitated the 6-year-old son of “America’s Most Wanted” host John Walsh in 1981, police in Florida said Tuesday. The announcement brought to a close a case that has vexed the Walsh family for more than two decades, launched the television show about the nation’s most notorious criminals and inspired changes in how authorities search for missing children.
“Who could take a 6-year-old and murder and decapitate him? Who?” an emotional John Walsh said at Tuesday’s news conference. “We needed to know. We needed to know. And today we know. The not knowing has been a torture, but that journey’s over.”
As bizarre as it is for the murder of one’s son to turn into a lucrative career, it has to be heartwrenching to go without closure for over a quarter century. Amazing that they’re just figuring this out now. Especially since they ultimately identified the longtime prime suspect:
Police named Ottis Toole, saying he was long the prime suspect in the case and that they had conclusively linked him to the killing. They declined to be specific about their evidence and did not note any DNA proof of the crime, but said an extensive review of the case file pointed only to Toole, as John Walsh long contended.
“Our agency has devoted an inordinate amount of time seeking leads to other potential perpetrators rather than emphasizing Ottis Toole as our primary suspect,” said Hollywood Police Chief Chadwick Wagner, who launched a fresh review of the case after taking over the department last year. “Ottis Toole has continued to be our only real suspect.”
Toole had twice confessed to killing the child, but later recanted. He claimed responsibility for hundreds of murders, but police determined most of the confessions were lies. Toole’s niece told the boy’s father, John Walsh, her uncle confessed on his deathbed in prison that he killed Adam.
Given three confessions more than a decade ago and apparently no new DNA evidence, one wonders what could possibly have put them over the top today.
Adam Walsh would be 33 were he alive today. His dad’s show has helped put upwards of 1000 wanted criminals behind bars.
FILED UNDER: General, Adam Walsh, Adam Walsh Killer, Florida, John Walsh, murder
About James Joyner
James Joyner is Professor and Department Head of Security Studies at Marine Corps University's Command and Staff College and a nonresident senior fellow at the Scowcroft Center for Strategy and Security at the Atlantic Council. He's a former Army officer and Desert Storm vet. Views expressed here are his own. Follow James on Twitter @DrJJoyner.
James M. says:
Tuesday, December 16, 2008 at 19:16
Even though the family “knew” this was the guy it is nice for the them to finally have official closure. May they now have some peace.
tom p says:
As bizarre as it is for the murder of one’s son to turn into a lucrative career, it has to be heartwrenching to go without closure for over a quarter century.
As I am quite sure you know James, the family would easily give up all of it for one more day with their son.
As one who was very tengentially connected with the search for Shawn Hornbeck (I helped search some caves after a psychic said that was where his body lay) I met his parents once, and they now have their son back, but as a father, I can not imagine the horrors they lived through. My parents dealt with the death of a child, and I had an Aunt and Uncle who dealt with the death of an only child… but the very idea of a missing child….I wish this on no one.
God forbid that any parent should go through what the Walsh’s have. May they once again sleep at night, or at least find peace on the other side. (and the same sentiment goes out to the Benet/Ramsey’s) (and all the other not so famous families of missing children. It is a horror the rest of us can only imagine)
odograph says:
You could mention that the career has likely saved other children, and that might have helped the family with their burden.
caj says:
Wednesday, December 17, 2008 at 08:38
Glad this family have finally got closer of sorts,I doubt they will ever feel that really…such a long time to have to wait.
John Walsh has done a wonderful job over the years
trying to prevent this kind of thing happening again, so he deserves respect for that.
Hope this family can find some peace now at least.
anjin-san says:
His dad’s show has helped put upwards of 1000 wanted criminals behind bars.
This guy managed to create something positive out of a tragedy. The “bizarre” snark is undeserved…
James Joyner says:
The “bizarre” snark is undeserved…
I’m not being snarky or insulting. It’s simply bizarre that an unquestioned tragedy, probably the worst thing that can happen to a person, made him rich and famous. Would he have traded every bit of that to have his kid still alive? Of course.
Peter O’Toole Dies At 81
Former Congressman Joe Walsh Launches Primary Challenge Against Trump
Montana Senator John Walsh Caught In Plagiarism Scandal
When Innocent People Confess To Crimes They Didn’t Commit
Senator John Walsh Drops Out Of Montana Senate Race Amid Plagiarism Allegations
Two Different Americas
Was I Wrong on Harriet Miers?
27 Million Americans Have Already Voted
Election Night Scenarios
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0012.json.gz/line2112
|
__label__cc
| 0.609272
| 0.390728
|
Data usage surges 43% in Q3
BY FIDELITY MHLANGA
ZIMBABWE’S mobile internet and traffic data usage grew 43% to 14 878 terabyte (TB) in the three months to September 2020, as data traffic continues to grow spurred by increased adoption of e-learning, telecommuting and e-conferencing prompted by COVID-19.
Data usage has been on an upward trend since the beginning of the year after it grew by 56,2% from 6 661TB in the first three months of 2020 to 10 407TB during the second quarter ending June 30, 2020 as revealed by the latest report from the Postal and Telecommunications Regulatory Authority of Zimbabwe (Potraz).
Since the outbreak of COVID-19 and the subsequent adoption of preventative measures to contain the spread of the virus, schools and companies have embraced remote learning and working, thereby, making use of more data.
“Mobile internet and data traffic grew by 43% to record 14 878TB in the third quarter of 2020 from 10 407TB recorded in the second quarter of 2020. International internet bandwidth capacity also increased by 16,8% to record 149 665Mbps from 128 173Mbps recorded in the previous quarter,” Potraz said.
“Internet and data traffic is expected to continue growing due to the increased adoption of e-learning, telecommuting and e-conferencing.”
Active internet and data subscriptions grew by 5,6% to reach 8 726 904 from 8 267 268 and as a result, the internet penetration rate increased by 3,2% to 59,9% from 56,7% recorded in the previous quarter.
During the quarter, total mobile voice traffic grew by 18,7% to record 1,56 billion minutes in the third quarter of 2020 from 1,31 billion minutes recorded in the previous quarter.
Fixed voice traffic also increased by 12% to record 90,6 million minutes in the third quarter of 2020 from 80,9 million minutes recorded in the second quarter of 2020.
“The bulk of fixed voice traffic was generated by corporate lines. The growth in traffic is attributable to the upscaling of business operations and the increased number of workforce back at work following the relaxation of COVID-19 restrictions,” the Potraz report added.
However, active fixed telephone lines declined by 1,6% to record 256 356 from 260 542. The fixed tele-density remained at 1,8%.
“The total number of active mobile subscriptions declined by 0,1% to reach 12 783 785 from 12 798 298, hence, the mobile penetration rate declined by 0,1% to 87,7% from 87,8% recorded in the previous quarter. Growth in active subscriptions is expected in the fourth quarter as consumption at household and industry levels improves following the relaxation of COVID-19 restrictions on the formal and informal sectors,” Potraz said.
Potraz bemoaned the inflationary environment characterised rising costs of service provision which it said was affecting service providers.
– NEWSDAY
Global E-Sport clocks one year
Joy for Mt Darwin expecting mothers
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0012.json.gz/line2116
|
__label__wiki
| 0.94424
| 0.94424
|
Kuvimba primed to anchor key mining projects
President Mnangagwa greets Kuvimba Mining House chief executive officer Mr David Brown after the official re-opening of Shamva Gold Mine in mid-December
Martin Kadzere
IN 2019, the Government launched a roadmap to grow the mining sector to US$12 billion by 2023 through leveraging on the country’s diverse mineral wealth.
Some critics described the plan as over-ambitious as it was likely to be stymied by lack of foreign direct investment, inefficient utilities, poor transportation, particularly rail, and lack of skills and competencies.
However, the Government, in partnership with foreign investors, has come up with a strategy to take the lead in driving investment in the mining sector following the establishment of Kuvimba Mining House — an anchor company likely to be a game-changer.
Currently, the Government holds 65 percent in the venture, while foreign investors own the remainder.
Kuvimba already has interests in mining assets, including gold, chrome, nickel, gemstone, platinum group metals (PGMs) and chrome.
It wholly controls gold mines Freda Rebecca and Shamva.
It has a 85 percent stake in Jena Gold Mine, 74 percent in Bindura Nickel Corporation and 47,8 percent in a multibillion-dollar platinum project, Great Dyke Investments.
The group is reportedly mulling buying ZimAlloys and Sandawana Mine.
In addition, it is set to embark on exploration works at Golden Kopje and Elvington gold mines to establish their commercial viability.
The decision to lead mining investments through Kuvimba have been described as “tactical”.
“In my view, this is a very good move and tactical,” economist Professor Gift Mugano said.
“Tactical because . . . based on my knowledge on investments nexus and national development agenda, successful countries have won it on the basis of creating an anchor company or companies which become s a game-changer, or come with disruptive changes in a specific industry. I see Kuvimba Mining House as one such initiative which is structured in an anchor company set-up.”
He said the investment is likely to have a multiplier effect on the economy.
“The proposed strategies that Kuvimba are expeditiously implementing, in my view, will significantly help the country achieve a US$12 billion economy in two ways.
“First, through its direct injection of capital, which we understand is in the region of US$1 billion.
“This kind of investment will have a significant causal and multiplier effect, which can be in the region of US$9,4 billion if the Zimbabwe multiplier effect is still at 9,43 times.
“Second, because it is coming into the sector in massive size, coupled by the fact that it has a diversified focus in terms of its mining interests, this initiative is going to play a catalyst role in promoting investments in the mining sector as other peers will expand their existing operations in order to remain relevant.”
It is believed Kuvimba’s expansive reach in terms of mining interests will help the country to effectively implement the “use-it-or- lose-it” policy, “which had been ineffective in previous years because of lack of competition”.
Mr Carlos Tadya, a researcher with a local think tank, said it was critical for the Government to play a big role in mining in order to benefit from its mineral wealth.
Kuvimba chief executive officer Mr David Brown said the group was planning to raise US$1 billion for acquisitions and capital expenditure.
“We require about US$1 billion to build our mines and ensure that catch-up capital is made,” he told Bloomberg, an American-based news agency.
Mr Brown also told our sister paper The Herald that the group was targeting “a number of mining assets not being utilised to full capacity; those that have been underfunded but have resources, we want to bring them back to life”.
Finance Minister and Economic Development Professor Mthuli Ncube said Kuvimba would materially help plans to grow the sector to US$12 billion within the next two years.
In the 2021 Budget, Prof Ncube allocated $131,4 million towards resuscitating mines under the Zimbabwe Mining Development Corporation (ZMDC), including Shabanie Mine, and the opening of new mines.
However, there are several other mining projects in the pipeline in coal, diamond and chrome that are also going to help Zimbabwe meet targets. But Prof Mugano said the question has always been whether these kinds of deals would be effectively implemented.
“My faith is based on the fact that a contract of management which will implement these investment deals was given to David Brown, an internationally respected mining executive, and if the Government allows (Mr) Brown and his team to independently run this project, I can argue that we are on good track to the US$12 billion economy,” he said.
Mr Mukasiri Sibanda, an expert in resource governance, said State equity participation in mining is a great idea and should be supported by good corporate governance.
“State-owned mines have not always done well, and bringing knowledgeable people such as Mr David Brown is a departure from the past. It shows we are learning from our past mistakes,” Mr Sibanda said.
Investment vehicles, which form the Government’s 65 percent shareholding in Kuvimba, comprise the War Veterans Fund; the Sovereign Wealth Fund; the National Venture Fund, which represents the interests of youths and women; the Insurance and Pension Commission; the Government Pension Fund; the Global Compensation Deed Fund (for compensation of former commercial farmers); and another vehicle for depositors who suffered foreign exchange losses.
This year, the mining industry is projected to rebound by 11 percent, driven by planned expansion programmes aimed at increasing production. Further, expected improvement in availability of power supply and foreign currency are expected to increase production and capacity utilisation to 80 from 61 percent.
– SUNDAYMAIL
Covid-19 vaccine rollout next month
Two die in Spanish storm, troops deployed to help motorists stranded by snow
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0012.json.gz/line2117
|
__label__wiki
| 0.958498
| 0.958498
|
Arma 3's new Warlords mode features large-scale combat for control of an island
The new mode was added as part of today's free update.
A free update to the first-person military shooter Arma 3 has added a new large-scale competitive multiplayer mode called Warlords. First and foremost, it is not a battle royale: Instead, it puts NATO and CSAT teams in bases on opposite sides of the map, from where they must conquer AI-controlled sectors, chain them together into a route across the island, and then launch an assault on the enemy base.
Players who do well in battle will be rewarded with Command Points, which can be used to call in vehicles, AI-controlled reinforcements, better weapons and gear, or for "strategic advantages" like fast travel or sector scans. Command Points are earned by killing enemies and taking control of sectors, and sectors will also generate points for whichever team controls them. The new mode is clearly focused on competitive multiplayer combat, but players can also opt to team up on one side to do battle with the AI, and it can be played solo as well, with AI handling friendly and enemy forces alike.
Senior scripter and designer Josef Zemánek explained in a November update that Warlords is rooted in "Capture the Island," a scenario released in 2003 for Operation Flashpoint: Cold War Crisis, the game that would spawn the long-running Arma series. But Warlords foregoes some familiar elements of CTI, including base building and player progression, both of which he felt would get in the way of his vision for the mode.
"The reasoning behind these decisions is simple: you join the game, you know what to do, where to go, and who to attack in order to push towards the enemy base," he wrote. "You know where to go and defend to prevent the enemy from getting to your base. And how well you perform depends only on your skill and not your rank."
Warlords has been added to Arma 3 as part of the 1.86 update, which also includes integration of the ADR-97 Weapon Pack into the vanilla game, improved multiplayer security, five new playable characters "with heads of notable Bohemia developers," and an array of fixes and tweaks. The full patch notes are yours to enjoy at arma3.com.
The best VR headset in 2021
Best antivirus for PC gaming 2021
Best mouse pads for gaming in 2021
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0012.json.gz/line2118
|
__label__wiki
| 0.786535
| 0.786535
|
billetterie fc séville
VS. Eibar. SD Huesca - Sevilla FC. By continuing past this page, you agree to abide by these terms.© 2004 - 2020 Live Football Tickets. Day of the match. Once the data is confirmed, you will be able to access to the card payment method.. For any further questions or queries, please, do not hesitate to contact us at the Fan Attention Office at +34 954.53.53.53. Sevilla Fútbol Club still remembers their incredible player Antonio José Puerta Pérez (Antonio Puerta) who passed away in August 2007 collapsing during the game against Getafe CF and being taken to Hospital where he was in serious conditions and died after 3 days due to eventual heart failure. Most popular Spanish tickets are: Real Madrid tickets and Barcelona tickets. La Liga - 18:30. All FC Sevilla ticket orders are guaranteed. Les billetteries sont situées aux rez-de-chaussée du stade, près de la porte 28. Champions League - 18:55. Tous droits réservés, http://www.everfx.com/?utm_source=SevillaFC&utm_medium=logo&utm_campaign=footer. Exciting Premier League final caused joy and drama. C/ Sevilla Fútbol Club, We are not affiliated with the FC Sevilla football club or FC Sevilla stadium in Spain and tickets may be priced above face value. Ninguna. Champions League - 18:55. SD Huesca - Sevilla FC. Consulter l'horaire du match. Sevilla Fútbol Club still remembers their incredible player Antonio José Puerta Pérez (Antonio Puerta) who passed away in August 2007 collapsing during the game against Getafe CF and being taken to Hospital where he was in serious conditions and died after 3 days due to eventual heart failure. Tuesday. The ticket office is located in the lower portion of the Stadium, next to entrance 28. Ever since 2015-16 season, children under 5 years of age also need an access title to access to the stadium. The ticket office is open from 10:00 until the end of the first half of the match. 28. November. Les entrées acquises pourront être retirées des guichets principaux du Stade, à l'horaire d'ouverture fixé pour chaque match (consulter cet horaire dans les informations générales du match). Prices are set by sellers and may be above or below face value. Ninguna Billetterie du Ramón Sánchez-Pizjuán Billetteries. s/n 41005 - Sevilla, http://www.everfx.com/?utm_source=SevillaFC&utm_medium=logo&utm_campaign=footer, There will be no changes, refunds or cancellations of the purchases made, either by Box Office, Telephone Sales or Internet. Whoever looks at the La Liga table might be shocked when they see Sevilla at the top of the table. Les billetteries sont situées aux rez-de-chaussée du stade, près de la porte 28. This is the complete list with teams that play in the Primera Division this upcoming season. Estadio Nuevo Los Cármenes La Liga. La Liga - 18:30. Les secteurs S46 et S38 dans la Haute tribune de la cage de but sud seront réservés pour les supporters visiteurs, essentiellement dans les matchs qui nous confrontent aux rivaux andalous, au R. Madrid C.F., F.C. There is no discount for colletives or groups. Posted on 28/07/2020 17:33:30; Top 4 race finish in the English Premier League. After this unfortunate incident in Sevilla FC’s history, AC Milan and Sevilla players marked their respect for Antonio Puerta and printed “Puerta” on their shirts for the period of the EU Super Cup match in August 2007. 24. Sevilla FC - Sevilla Fútbol Club SAD, også kendt som "Sevillistas, Los Rojiblancos, os Nervionenses". Enjoy the experience and atmosphere of a football match with fans from all over the world, knowing that your tickets have been purchased at a reasonable … Football Ticket Net —your ultimate place for all football tickets imaginable.. Novembre. We explain how this is possible in this article. Par conséquent, s'il existe une demande, elles ne seront pas mises en vente à la Billetterie, et les places devront être achetées par les clubs visiteurs. Saturday. Jour du match. Sevilla FC 2020/21 Tickets Are Available! Furthermore, Sevilla FC is the oldest football club in Seville. Schedule. LATEST FOOTBALL NEWS. Purchased tickets may be collected at the Stadium’s Main Ticket Office, during the opening hours established for each match (you can find this information included among the general information for each match). Access to the site without title will not be allowed, where there will be access control. 25 Okt 2020. Læs mere. s/n 41005 - Sevilla, © Sevilla F.C.S.A.D. 28. VS. Sevilla . The ticket office is located in the lower portion of the Stadium, next to entrance 28. Sevilla Fútbol Club, also known as Rojiblancos (Red-Whites), was founded in 1905 and is based in Seville, Andalusia, Spain. Pour les matchs désignés comme étant “En dehors de l'abonnement”, la carte de saison sera activée aux membres, sans avoir le besoin d'un autre justificatif pour accéder au match. We have FC Sevilla football tickets available for the Spanish La Liga: FC Sevilla vs Real Madrid tickets, FC Sevilla vs Barcelona tickets, FC Sevilla vs Valencia tickets, FC Sevilla vs Atletico Madrid tickets and other La Liga tickets to watch football in Spain.Buy FC Sevilla tickets online through our safe and secure booking system. November. Furthermore, Sevilla FC is the oldest football club in Seville. We're a leading secondary marketplace for football tickets. Ninguna. Krasnodar - Sevilla FC. Sevilla FC - RC Celta. Moreover, Puerta was player number 16 which has been retired and only his son would be allowed to wear this number if he plays for Sevilla FC. Barcelona, and UEFA Europa League matches. 27 Aug 2020 - 14 millicent B from United Kingdom purchased 1 football tickets for Bayern Munich v Sevilla FC. Livefootballtickets.com offers you the opportunity to watch Sevilla live in action with the best. Mardi. Barcelone et aux matchs de la Ligue Europa. Barca lost their away match in the Copa del Rey with 2-0 against Sevilla. Horaires. Use of this site is subject to express terms of use, which prohibit commercial use of this site. Ninguna. Sevilla Kampprogram 2020/2021. Click here to find out which teams are the winners and losers of the final day of the 2019-2020 English Premier League season. 24. Sevilla. Estadio Ramón Sánchez-Pizjuán All rights reserved. Are they able to undo this result? Granada. Find out the match schedule. Les guichets seront ouverts de 10h jusqu'à la fin de la première mi-temps du match. Novembre. Sections S46 and S38 in the upper deck of Gol Sur are reserved for visiting supporters, especially during matches against rivals from Andalusia, Real Madrid C.F., F.C. Ninguna. The entire process is done in a secure environment. Ninguna Ramón Sánchez-Pizjuán's ticket office Ticket office. Feel free to browse the FC Sevilla fixtures. Sevilla FC - RC Celta. Twenty teams will start the hunt for the 2018-2019 La Liga title. Matches labelled “Fuera de Abono” are included in the season ticket and season ticket holders will require only their season pass to access the match. 18 Okt 2020. Samedi. C/ Sevilla Fútbol Club, Krasnodar - Sevilla FC. Therefore, if they are requested they will not be available for purchase at the Ticket Office, and these tickets must be acquired through the visiting clubs. Estadio Ramón Sánchez-Pizjuán Klubben blev stiftet i 1905 i Seville og spiller sine hjemmekampe på Ramón Sánchez Pizjuán med en kapacitet på 42 500 siddepladser.
Simplification Exponentielle Exercice Corrigé Pdf, Quelles Sont Les Périodes De Chaleur Des Chats, Quinta à Vendre Portugal, Assistant Administratif Salaire Net, La Maison Des Maternelles Wikipédia,
2020 billetterie fc séville
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0012.json.gz/line2119
|
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.