pred_label
stringclasses 2
values | pred_label_prob
float64 0.5
1
| wiki_prob
float64 0.25
1
| text
stringlengths 78
962k
| source
stringlengths 40
45
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
__label__wiki
| 0.836453
| 0.836453
|
POLITICO New York PlaybookPOLITICO New York ProNew York Education ProNew York & New Jersey Energy ProNew York Health Care ProNew York Real Estate ProCity Council Agenda + Bill TrackerAfternoon Albany Pro
New York State Bill TrackerCity Council Stated Meeting Tracker
Document Drawer
Vicki Been, left, with Mayor de Blasio and representatives of the Fordham Bedford Housing Corporation on a tour of a housing unit under renovation. | James Keivom/New York Daily News
De Blasio official defends zoning proposals against citywide criticism
By SALLY GOLDENBERG
Mayor Bill de Blasio's housing commissioner reacted to a recent flood of criticism over the administration's zoning plans in an email to developers and others on Tuesday, saying she understands that "change is frightening to many."
In the note, Vicki Been, head of the Department of Housing Preservation and Development, recognized concerns throughout the city that the mayor's planned mixed-income communities and encouragement of additional development will price out long-time residents.
"To address those fears, we've developed a number of strategies for ensuring that change serves the needs of existing residents, protects the distinct architecture, street life, historic significance and mix of housing types and uses of neighborhoods and preserves residents' ability to stay in their existing neighborhoods if they wish to do so," she wrote in the email, a copy of which was sent to POLITICO New York.
Among the ways to accomplish that, she said, is a push to preserve apartments that are currently below market rate, with a goal of maintaining 120,000 of them by 2024. The mayor also hopes to build 80,000 new low- to middle-income apartments over the same timeframe, largely with billions of public dollars in city subsidies and capital costs.
Been also defended the administration's formula for a policy known as Mandatory Inclusionary Housing (MIH), which requires a portion of rent-regulated apartments from developers who receive the benefit of a city-approved land rezoning.
That plan has been criticized by some, including the Brooklyn Borough Board on Tuesday night, for failing to target the poorest New Yorkers.
The policy lays out three options for builders, all which tie the percentage of required low-rent apartments to income levels.
"Some critics have suggested that MIH does not include housing affordable for existing neighborhood residents, who often have incomes that are less than the incomes which much of the affordable housing built over the past several decades has targeted. But because MIH requires private developers to build affordable units, it frees up public dollars to target housing to those households who need the most help – very low-income and extremely low income New Yorkers," Been wrote. "Indeed, the city has committed to use its subsidies, on top of the MIH program, to drive rents down to be affordable even for New Yorkers making as little as $18,150."
She promised that with subsidies, the city's proposed rezoning of the blighted East New York section of Brooklyn would provide housing for families of three earning between $23,350 and $38,850, even though MIH does not require rents to be that low.
"MIH is but one of the City’s many strategies to provide affordable housing, and to reject MIH because it does not 'do enough' would both ignore how MIH fits into the larger picture and take away a critical tool for achieving a broader range of affordability," she added.
The plan is actually not stoking as much controversy as another, less ideological proposal to do a wholesale alteration of the city's zoning regulations to permit more development. The mayor and his aides believe the two initiatives together would help him achieve his overall housing goal.
Communities throughout the city have rejected the administration's logic. Dozens of the 59 community boards opposed the plans in advisory votes and four of the five borough boards have also turned them down. Only Staten Island is left.
Meanwhile, members of the City Council, which will cast a binding vote next year, have voiced a variety of concerns. The Council typically holds out on supporting land use changes until members can negotiate better deals for their districts. But proposing two citywide initiatives and 15 neighborhood-wide rezonings puts the administration in a difficult negotiating position.
Vicki Been
rezonings
Education Morning Newsletter
Delivered daily by 6 a.m., New York Education is your guide to the day’s top education news and policy in Albany and around the Empire State.
New York & New Jersey Energy Morning Newsletter
Delivered daily by 6 a.m., New York & New Jersey Energy is your guide to the day’s top energy news and policy in Albany and around the Empire State.
New York Health Care Morning Newsletter
Delivered daily by 6 a.m., New York Health Care is your guide to the day’s top health care news and policy in Albany and around the Empire State.
Real Estate Morning Newsletter
Delivered daily by 6 a.m., New York Real Estate is your guide to the day’s top real estate news and policy in Albany and around the Empire State.
POLITICO New York Pro
Delivered daily by 6 a.m., POLITICO New York Pro examines the latest news in New York state politics and policy.
City Hall Morning Newsletter [Archive]
Delivered daily by 6 a.m., City Hall Morning Newsletter examines the latest politics, policy and news happening in the Empire State.
New York CEO Report
Delivered monthly, New York CEO Report gives you a high-level outlook on policy issues driving the agenda in the Empire State.
City Council Agenda + Bill Tracker
A weekly round-up of legislation in City Council for politics and policy professionals.
New York Playbook
Erin Durkin and Anna Gronewold's must-read briefing informing the daily conversation among knowledgeable New Yorkers
Inside Pro
Albany Pro
Our morning email with must-read analysis and breaking news on state news and politics.
City Hall Pro
A morning email with must-read analysis and breaking news on city news and politics.
POLITICO New York Pro’s high-level outlook on the policy issues driving the month in New York State.
Original federal and state policy documents
More New York Articles
Citing good news in Washington, MTA delays planned fare hike
Unions struggle with their plans to vaccinate teachers, public employees
Siena poll: Support for Cuomo's pandemic response remains fairly high
Supreme Court weighs in on cities' climate change lawsuits
Ad campaign calls for more city support for hotel industry
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0032.json.gz/line1826683
|
__label__wiki
| 0.650805
| 0.650805
|
InuYasha, Vol. 19
Ancient History (General)
Constitutional Studies
This is a stock image. The book you order may appear different than the image displayed here.
By: Takahashi, Rumiko
- A 32-volume manga series -- over 31.3 million copies sold in Japan; over 418K sold in the U.S. to date.
- An ongoing anime series in Japan, currently airing on Cartoon Network's Adult Swim in the U.S., averaging over 1.4 MM viewers per broadcast.
- The #1 rated anime series on cable among viewers 18-34.
- Also a PSOne videogame in the U.S., which has sold over 100K units to date.
Title: InuYasha, Vol. 19
Author Name: Takahashi, Rumiko
Categories: Comics,
Publisher: VIZ Media LLC: September 2004
Address : 450 W Center Street Provo, UT
© 2021 Pioneer Book All Rights Reserved. - Our Policies
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0032.json.gz/line1826685
|
__label__wiki
| 0.524365
| 0.524365
|
How to Shed Weight in the New Year
The start of a new year means the beginning of weight loss programs for millions of American looking to shed weight or extra holiday pounds. Many will join a gym and commit to working out every day, others will count calories and measure food intake, and some will do both. But it’s that take-no-prisoners attitude that actually sets them up for failure. Instead of making extreme resolutions that are hard to stick to, the most effective way to lose those unwanted pounds is to create a realistic weight loss plan. (January 2013)
Is Buying Organic Worth The Cost?
Just because an item has an organic label, that doesn’t make it healthier, even if you are paying more for it.
People automatically correlate organic with healthier food, says Rachel Berman. They see organic and think it has to be healthier for me and more nutritious but there’s a lot of mixed reviews. (September 2012)
How to Keep the Pounds Off This Holiday Eating Season
The weight gained during the holiday season may be small, but over the years it adds up and can lead to bigger health issues that create a financial hardship. People only gain about an average of a pound, but they keep that pound from year to year, says Rachel Berman. People lessen their inhibition and tend to go over board when faced with food they avoid most of the year. Here are five tips to help make smart decisions on what to indulge in this eating season. (December 2011)
Self Magazine
How To Eat Right At A Holiday Party
© 2021 - Rachel Berman, RD. All rights reserved.
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0032.json.gz/line1826696
|
__label__cc
| 0.508133
| 0.491867
|
>Laura Fraade-Blanar
Laura Fraade-Blanar
Associate Policy Researcher
Santa Monica Office
Ph.D. in health services: evaluation sciences and occupational health, University of Washington; M.P.H. in international health: health systems, Johns Hopkins University; B.A. in public health, Johns Hopkins University; Postdoctoral Fellow in aging, RAND Corportation
One Page Bio
This researcher is available for interviews.
To arrange an interview, contact the RAND Office of Media Relations at (310) 451-6913, or email media@rand.org.
More Experts
Laura Fraade-Blanar is an associate policy researcher at the RAND Corporation. Her work sits at the intersection of health, technology, and transportation. She focuses on safety and risk, applying her background in public health and injury epidemiology to questions around measuring the safety of emerging and traditional transportation modes. Around traditional transit, she has explored older driver safety, notably in relation to health services-based measures of cognition and Alzheimer’s disease. Around emerging transit, as a postdoctoral fellow at RAND, she worked with colleagues to generate a framework for measuring automated vehicle safety, assessing conventional methods and metrics and creating new ones where needed. Fraade-Blanar also worked on a perspective piece considering automated vehicle safety policy and contributed to the Road to Zero report.
Fraade-Blanar holds a Ph.D. in health services from the University of Washington, School of Public Health, with a focus on evaluation sciences and occupational health. Prior to her doctoral work she was a research scientist at the Insurance Institute for Highway Safety (IIHS) and a consultant at the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO/WHO). She also holds an M.P.H. in international health and a B.A. in public health from Johns Hopkins University.
Autonomous Vehicles;
The Elderly;
Epidemiology;
Highway Transportation;
Data Analyst, Crash Injury Research and Engineering Network (CIREN) Center at Harborview Injury Prevention and Research Center (HIPRC), 2013-2016; Research Scientist, Insurance Institute for Highway Safety (IIHS), 2007-2010; Contractor, Pan American Health Organization (PAHO)/World Health Organization (WHO), 2007-2008
Measuring Automated Vehicle Safety
The Road to Zero A Vision for Achieving Zero Roadway Deaths by 2050
Autonomous Vehicles and Federal Safety Standards
Alzheimer's Disease and Driving Safety Among Older Drivers
Fraade-Blanar L, Blumenthal M, Anderson, J, Kalra N. , Measuring Autonomous Vehicle Safety: Forging a Framework. , RAND Corporation (RR-2662), 2018
Fraade-Blanar L and Smith JP, "Cognitive change and driving behavior among older drivers," Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, 2018 (forthcoming)
Fraade-Blanar L, Ebel BE, Larson, EB, Sears JM, Thompson HJ, Chan KC, Crane PK. , "Cognitive decline and older driver crash risk," Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 66(6), 2018
Fraade-Blanar L, Hansen RN, Chan KC, Sears JM, Thompson HJ, Crane PK, Ebel, BE, "Diagnosed dementia and the risk of motor vehicle crash among older drivers," Accident Analysis and Prevention, 113, 2018
Ecola L, Popper SW, Silberglitt R, and Fraade-Blanar L, The Road to Zero A Vision for Achieving Zero Roadway Deaths by 2050, (RR-2333), 2018
Fraade-Blanar L and Kalra N, Autonomous vehicles and federal safety standards: an exemption to the rule, (PE-258-RC), 2017
Blanar L, Sears JM, Chan KC, Thompson HJ, Crane PK, Ebel BE. , "Older adult occupational injury risk in association with job demands and health state," Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 59(2), 2017
Nevin P, Blanar L, Maeser J, Kirk AP, Kaufman R, Cramer G, Freedheim A, Hitchcock L, Ebel BE. , "'I wasn't texting; I was just reading an email …': a qualitative study of distracted driving enforcement in Washington State," Injury Prevention, 23(3), 2017
How State and Local Governments Might Consider Approaching Operational Design Domains for Automated Vehicles
An operational design domain (ODD) is a description of the conditions in which an autonomous vehicle is designed to operate safely. No nationwide ODD policy exists, but because ODD is partly about the characteristics of a specific location, state and local policies could be useful.
Aug 20, 2020 The RAND Blog
Non-Emergency Medical Transportation in the Time of COVID-19
More widespread availability of rideshare for non-emergency medical transport may save lives, reserve emergency resources for those who need them, and provide safe pathways to primary care for the chronically ill. It could also save livelihoods, providing employment in a time of economic hardship.
May 5, 2020 The RAND Blog
AVs Could Improve Transportation Access in 'Transit Deserts'
More large U.S. cities are seeing their outer reaches turn into transit deserts, where demand for transportation vastly exceeds supply. Connecting public transit systems with automated vehicles, whether in ride-sharing or shuttle services, could be a solution.
May 31, 2019 Axios
How to Make Roads Safer for Autonomous Vehicles
Roadways and vehicle design could be modified to better accommodate both human error and the shortcomings of autonomous vehicle systems.
Feb 6, 2019 Axios
How AVs Could Provide Independence for Older Drivers
Giving up driving has been linked to depression and isolation in older adults, as well as early entry into nursing home facilities. Autonomous vehicles could help improve the well-being of older adults by allowing them to maintain independence while still giving up their car keys.
Sep 21, 2018 Axios
Safe Enough: Approaches to Assessing Acceptable Safety for Automated Vehicles
RAND researchers analyzed three approaches to assessing the safety of automated vehicles (AVs)—measurements, processes, and thresholds—and how they interact. Researchers also explored the elements of effective communications regarding AV safety.
Measuring Automated Vehicle Safety: Forging a Framework
This report presents a framework for measuring safety in automated vehicles (AVs): how to define safety for AVs, how to measure safety for AVs, and how to communicate what is learned or understood about AVs.
The Road to Zero: A Vision for Achieving Zero Roadway Deaths by 2050
Imagine that, in 2050, not a single person in the United States dies in a traffic crash. This report describes how changes in policy, technology, and social norms can substantially improve road safety, leading to zero roadway deaths by 2050.
The Road to Zero: Executive Summary: A Vision for Achieving Zero Roadway Deaths by 2050
Imagine that, in 2050, not a single person in the United States dies in a traffic crash. This executive summary to The Road to Zero: A Vision for Achieving Zero Roadway Deaths by 2050 describes how that might be possible.
Autonomous Vehicles and Federal Safety Standards: An Exemption to the Rule?
In this Perspective, we examine changes being considered to the Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard exemption process that are aimed at facilitating deployment of autonomous vehicles.
A roadway designed to accommodate human error, whether the human is behind a steering wheel or behind a computer, could better protect motorists, and the AVs that may soon populate it.
Source: Axios
Related RAND Resources
All Policy Experts
Public Policy Experts Guide
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0032.json.gz/line1826698
|
__label__cc
| 0.671996
| 0.328004
|
>TR-505
Presenting Uncertainty About Climate Change to Water-Resource Managers
A Summary of Workshops with the Inland Empire Utilities Agency
by David G. Groves, Debra Knopman, Robert J. Lempert, Sandra H. Berry, Lynne Wainfan
Energy and Environment,
Global Climate Change,
Robust Decision Making,
Science and Technology,
Workshop Presentations
Summary Statistics from Surveys
Add to Cart Paperback100 pages $20.00 $16.00 20% Web Discount
Water-resource managers have long strived to meet their goals of system reliability and environmental protection in the face of many uncertainties, including demographic and economic forecasts, intrinsic weather variability, and short-term climate change induced by El Niño and other naturally occurring cycles. Now water managers also face a new uncertainty — the potential for longer-term and more persistent climate change, which, in coming years, may significantly affect the availability of supply and patterns of water demand. Information about the future effects of climate change is deeply uncertain and likely to remain so for the foreseeable future. Thus, the scientific community is debating how to most usefully characterize this important yet uncertain information for decisionmakers. As part of a multiyear study on climate-change decisionmaking under uncertainty, RAND researchers are working with water agencies in California to help them better understand how climate change might affect their systems and what actions, if any, they need to take to address this challenge. This report documents the methods and observations used to preserve an archive of the workshop process and provide a basis for refining the approach for future applications.
Identifying and Reducing Climate-Change Vulnerabilities in Water-Management Plans
David G. Groves, Debra Knopman, et al.
Preparing for an Uncertain Future Climate in the Inland Empire: Identifying Robust Water-Management Strategies
David G. Groves, Robert J. Lempert @RobertLempert, et al.
Estimating the Value of Water-Use Efficiency in the Intermountain West
David G. Groves, James Griffin, et al.
Developing Robust Strategies for Climate Change and Other Risks: A Water Utility Framework
David G. Groves, Jordan R. Fischbach @fischinwater, et al.
Alternative Treatments of Uncertainty
Modeling Climate-Change Effects on IEUA
Performance of IEUA Plans Under Future Conditions
Evaluating Uncertainty Frameworks in Workshops
Final Observations and Discussion
The research described in this report was sponsored by the National Science Foundation and was conducted under the auspices of the Environment, Energy, and Economic Development Program (EEED) within RAND Infrastructure, Safety, and Environment (ISE).
This report is part of the RAND Corporation technical report series. RAND technical reports may include research findings on a specific topic that is limited in scope or intended for a narrow audience; present discussions of the methodology employed in research; provide literature reviews, survey instruments, modeling exercises, guidelines for practitioners and research professionals, and supporting documentation; or deliver preliminary findings. All RAND reports undergo rigorous peer review to ensure that they meet high standards for research quality and objectivity.
Paperback Pages: 100
Document Number: TR-505-NSF
Series: Technical Reports
Robust Decision Making
Groves, David G., Debra Knopman, Robert J. Lempert, Sandra H. Berry, and Lynne Wainfan, Presenting Uncertainty About Climate Change to Water-Resource Managers: A Summary of Workshops with the Inland Empire Utilities Agency. Santa Monica, CA: RAND Corporation, 2008. https://www.rand.org/pubs/technical_reports/TR505.html. Also available in print form.
Groves, David G., Debra Knopman, Robert J. Lempert, Sandra H. Berry, and Lynne Wainfan, Presenting Uncertainty About Climate Change to Water-Resource Managers: A Summary of Workshops with the Inland Empire Utilities Agency, Santa Monica, Calif.: RAND Corporation, TR-505-NSF, 2008. As of January 18, 2021: https://www.rand.org/pubs/technical_reports/TR505.html
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0032.json.gz/line1826699
|
__label__wiki
| 0.898008
| 0.898008
|
The Antiquity Of Pagan Religions
We shall now compare the great antiquity of the sacred books and
religions of Paganism with those of the Christian, so that there may be
no doubt as to which is the original, and which the copy. Allusions to
this subject have already been made throughout this work, we shall
therefore devote as little space to it here as possible.
In speaking of the sacred literature of India, Prof. Monier Williams
"Sanskrit literature, embracing as it does nearly every branch
of knowledge is entirely deficient in one department. It is
wholly destitute of trustworthy historical records. Hence,
little or nothing is known of the lives of ancient Indian
authors, and the dates of their most celebrated works cannot
be fixed with certainty. A fair conjecture, however, may be
arrived at by comparing the most ancient with the more modern
compositions, and estimating the period of time required to
effect the changes of structure and idiom observable in the
language. In this manner we may be justified in assuming that
the hymns of the Veda were probably composed by a succession
of poets at different dates between 1500 and 1000 years B.
C."[450:1]
Prof. Wm. D. Whitney shows the great antiquity of the Vedic hymns from
the fact that,
"The language of the Vedas is an older dialect, varying very
considerably, both in its grammatical and lexical character,
from the classical Sanscrit."
And M. de Coulanges, in his "Ancient City," says:
"We learn from the hymns of the Vedas, which are certainly
very ancient, and from the laws of Manu," "what the Aryans of
the east thought nearly thirty-five centuries ago."[450:2]
That the Vedas are of very high antiquity is unquestionable; but
however remote we may place the period when they were written, we must
necessarily presuppose that the Hindostanic race had already attained
to a comparatively high degree of civilization, otherwise men capable of
framing such doctrines could not have been found. Now this state of
civilization must necessarily have been preceded by several centuries of
barbarism, during which we cannot possibly admit a more refined faith
than the popular belief in elementary deities.
We shall see in our next chapter that these very ancient Vedic hymns
contain the origin of the legend of the Virgin-born God and Saviour,
the great benefactor of mankind, who is finally put to death, and rises
again to life and immortality on the third day.
The Geetas and Puranas, although of a comparatively modern date,
are, as we have already seen, nevertheless composed of matter to be
found in the two great epic poems, the Ramayana and the Mahabharata,
which were written many centuries before the time assigned as that of
the birth of Christ Jesus.[451:1]
The Pali sacred books, which contain the legend of the virgin-born God
and Saviour--Sommona Cadom--are known to have been in existence 316 B.
C.[451:2]
We have already seen that the religion known as Buddhism, and which
corresponds in such a striking manner with Christianity, has now existed
for upwards of twenty-four hundred years.[451:3]
Prof. Rhys Davids says:
"There is every reason to believe that the Pitakas (the
sacred books which contain the legend of 'The Buddha'), now
extant in Ceylon, are substantially identical with the books
of the Southern Canon, as settled at the Council of Patna
about the year 250 B. C.[451:4] As no works would have been
received into the Canon which were not then believed to be
very old, the Pitakas may be approximately placed in the
fourth century B. C., and parts of them possibly reach back
very nearly, if not quite, to the time of Gautama
himself."[451:5]
The religion of the ancient Persians, which corresponds in so very
many respects with that of the Christians, was established by
Zoroaster--who was undoubtedly a Brahman[451:6]--and is contained in
the Zend-Avesta, their sacred book or Bible. This book is very
ancient. Prof. Max Mueller speaks of "the sacred book of the
Zoroastrians" as being "older in its language than the cuneiform
inscriptions of Cyrus (B. C. 560), Darius (B. C. 520), and Xerxes (B. C.
485) those ancient Kings of Persia, who knew that they were kings by the
grace of Auramazda, and who placed his sacred image high on the
mountain-records of Behistun."[452:1] That ancient book, or its
fragments, at least, have survived many dynasties and kingdoms, and is
still believed in by a small remnant of the Persian race, now settled at
Bombay, and known all over the world by the name of Parsees.[452:2]
"The Babylonian and Phenician sacred books date back to a fabulous
antiquity;"[452:3] and so do the sacred books and religion of Egypt.
Prof. Mahaffy, in his "Prolegomena to Ancient History," says:
"There is indeed hardly a great and fruitful idea in the
Jewish or Christian systems which has not its analogy in the
Egyptian faith, and all these theological conceptions pervade
the oldest religion of Egypt."[452:4]
The worship of Osiris, the Lord and Saviour, must have been of extremely
ancient date, for he is represented as "Judge of the Dead," in
sculptures contemporary with the building of the Pyramids, centuries
before Abraham is said to have been born. Among the many hieroglyphic
titles which accompany his figure in those sculptures, and in many other
places on the walls of temples and tombs, are, "Lord of Life," "The
Eternal Ruler," "Manifester of Good," "Revealer of Truth," "Full of
Goodness and Truth," etc.
In speaking of the "Myth of Osiris," Mr. Bonwick says:
"This great mystery of the Egyptians demands serious
consideration. Its antiquity--its universal hold upon the
people for over five thousand years--its identification with
the very life of the nation--and its marvellous likeness to
the creed of modern date, unite in exciting the greatest
interest."[452:5]
This myth, and that of Isis and Horus, were known before the Pyramid
time.[453:1]
The worship of the Virgin Mother in Egypt--from which country it was
imported into Europe[453:2]--dates back thousands of years B. C. Mr.
Bonwick says:
"In all probability she was worshiped three thousand years
before Moses wrote. 'Isis nursing her child Horus, was
represented,' says Mariette Bey, 'at least six thousand years
ago.' We read the name of Isis on monuments of the fourth
dynasty, and she lost none of her popularity to the close of
the empire."
"The Egyptian Bible is by far the most ancient of all holy
books." "Plato was told that Egypt possessed hymns dating back
ten thousand years before his time."[453:3]
Bunsen says:
"The origin of the ancient prayers and hymns of the 'Book of
the Dead,' is anterior to Menes; it implies that the system of
Osirian worship and mythology was already formed."[453:4]
And, says Mr. Bonwick:
"Besides opinions, we have facts as a basis for arriving at a
conclusion, and justifying the assertion of Dr. Birch, that
the work dated from a period long anterior to the rise of
Ammon worship at Thebes."[453:5]
Now, "this most ancient of all holy books," establishes the fact that a
virgin-born and resurrected Saviour was worshiped in Egypt thousands of
year before the time of Christ Jesus.
P. Le Page Renouf says:
"The earliest monuments which have been discovered present
to us the very same fully-developed civilization and the
same religion as the later monuments. . . . The gods whose
names appear in the oldest tombs were worshiped down to the
Christian times. The same kind of priesthoods which are
mentioned in the tablets of Canopus and Rosetta in the
Ptolemaic period are as ancient as the pyramids, and more
ancient than any pyramid of which we know the date."[453:6]
In regard to the doctrine of the Trinity. We have just seen that "the
development of the One God into a Trinity" pervades the oldest religion
of Egypt, and the same may be said of India. Prof. Monier Williams,
speaking on this subject, says:
"It should be observed that the native commentaries on the
Veda often allude to thirty-three gods, which number is also
mentioned in the Rig-Veda. This is a multiple of three,
which is a sacred number constantly appearing in the Hindu
religious system. It is probable, indeed, that although the
Tri-murti is not named in the Vedic hymns,[454:1] yet the
Veda is the real source of this Triad of personifications,
afterwards so conspicuous in Hindu mythology. This much, at
least, is clear, that the Vedic poets exhibited a tendency to
group all the forces and energies of nature under three heads,
and the assertion that the number of the gods was
thirty-three, amounted to saying that each of the three
leading personifications was capable of eleven
modifications."[454:2]
The great antiquity of the legends referred to in this work is
demonstrated in the fact that they were found in a great measure on the
continent of America, by the first Europeans who set foot on its soil.
Now, how did they get there? Mr. Lundy, in his "Monumental
Christianity," speaking on this subject, says:
"So great was the resemblance between the two sacraments of
the Christian Church (viz., that of Baptism and the Eucharist)
and those of the ancient Mexicans; so many other points of
similarity, also, in doctrine existed, as to the unity of
God, the Triad, the Creation, the Incarnation and Sacrifice,
the Resurrection, etc., that Herman Witsius, no mean scholar
and thinker, was induced to believe that Christianity had been
preached on this continent by some one of the apostles,
perhaps St. Thomas, from the fact that he is reported to have
carried the Gospel to India and Tartary, whence he came to
America."[454:3]
Some writers, who do not think that St. Thomas could have gotten to
America, believe that St. Patrick, or some other saint, must have, in
some unaccountable manner, reached the shores of the Western continent,
and preached their doctrine there.[454:4] Others have advocated the
devil theory, which is, that the devil, being jealous of the worship of
Christ Jesus, set up a religion of his own, and imitated, nearly as
possible, the religion of Christ. All of these theories being untenable,
we must, in the words of Burnouf, the eminent French Orientalist, "learn
one day that all ancient traditions disfigured by emigration and legend,
belong to the history of India."
That America was inhabited by Asiatic emigrants, and that the American
legends are of Asiatic origin, we believe to be indisputable. There is
an abundance of proof to this effect.[454:5]
In contrast to the great antiquity of the sacred books and religions of
Paganism, we have the facts that the Gospels were not written by the
persons whose names they bear, that they were written many years after
the time these men are said to have lived, and that they are full of
interpolations and errors. The first that we know of the four gospels
is at the time of Irenaeus, who, in the second century, intimates that he
had received four gospels, as authentic scriptures. This pious forger
was probably the author of the fourth, as we shall presently see.
Besides these gospels there were many more which were subsequently
deemed apocryphal; the narratives related in them of Christ Jesus and
his apostles were stamped as forgeries.
"The Gospel according to Matthew" is believed by the majority of
biblical scholars of the present day to be the oldest of the four, and
to be made up principally of a pre-existing one, called "The Gospel of
the Hebrews." The principal difference in these two gospels being that
"The Gospel of the Hebrews" commenced with giving the genealogy of
Jesus from David, through Joseph "according to the flesh." The story
of Jesus being born of a virgin was not to be found there, it being an
afterpiece, originating either with the writer of "The Gospel according
to Matthew," or some one after him, and was evidently taken from "The
Gospel of the Egyptians." "The Gospel of the Hebrews"--from which, we
have said, the Matthew narrator copied--was an intensely Jewish
gospel, and was to be found--in one of its forms--among the Ebionites,
who were the narrowest Jewish Christians of the second century. "The
Gospel according to Matthew" is, therefore, the most Jewish gospel of
the four; in fact, the most Jewish book in the New Testament, excepting,
perhaps, the Apocalypse and the Epistle of James.
Some of the more conspicuous Jewish traits, to be found in this gospel,
are as follows:
Jesus is sent only to the lost sheep of the house of Israel. The
twelve are forbidden to go among the Gentiles or the Samaritans.
They are to sit on twelve thrones, judging the twelve tribes of
Israel. The genealogy of Jesus is traced back to Abraham, and there
stops.[455:1] The works of the law are frequently insisted on. There
is a superstitious regard for the Sabbath, &c.
There is no evidence of the existence of the Gospel of Matthew,--in its
present form--until the year 173, A. D. It is at this time, also, that
it is first ascribed to Matthew, by Apollinaris, Bishop of Hierapolis.
The original oracles of the Gospel of the Hebrews, however,--which were
made use of by the author of our present Gospel of Matthew,--were
written, likely enough, not long before the destruction of Jerusalem,
but the Gospel itself dates from about A. D. 100.[456:1]
"The Gospel according to Luke" is believed to come next--in
chronological order--to that of Matthew, and to have been written some
fifteen or twenty years after it. The author was a foreigner, as his
writings plainly show that he was far removed from the events which he
records.
In writing his Gospel, the author made use of that of Matthew, the
Gospel of the Hebrews, and Marcion's Gospel. He must have had, also,
still other sources, as there are parables peculiar to it, which are not
found in them. Among these may be mentioned that of the "Prodigal
Son," and the "Good Samaritan." Other parables peculiar to it are
that of the two debtors; the friend borrowing bread at night; the rich
man's barns; Dives and Lazarus; the lost piece of silver; the unjust
steward; the Pharisee and the Publican.
Several miracles are also peculiar to the Luke narrator's Gospel, the
raising of the widow of Nain's son being the most remarkable. Perhaps
these stories were delivered to him orally, and perhaps he is the
author of them,--we shall never know. The foundation of the legends,
however, undoubtedly came from the "certain scriptures" of the Essenes
in Egypt. The principal object which the writer of this gospel had in
view was to reconcile Paulinism and the more Jewish forms of
Christianity.[456:2]
The next in chronological order, according to the same school of
critics, is "The Gospel according to Mark." This gospel is supposed to
have been written within ten years of the former, and its author, as of
the other two gospels, is unknown. It was probably written at Rome, as
the Latinisms of the author's style, and the apparent motive of his
work, strongly suggest that he was a Jewish citizen of the Eternal City.
He made use of the Gospel of Matthew as his principal authority, and
probably referred to that of Luke, as he has things in common with Luke
The object which the writer had in view, was to have a neutral
go-between, a compromise between Matthew as too Petrine (Jewish), and
Luke as too Pauline (Gentile). The different aspects of Matthew and Luke
were found to be confusing to believers, and provocative of hostile
criticism from without; hence the idea of writing a shorter gospel, that
should combine the most essential elements of both. Luke was itself a
compromise between the opposing Jewish and universal tendencies of
early Christianity, but Mark endeavors by avoidance and omission to
effect what Luke did more by addition and contrast. Luke proposed to
himself to open a door for the admission of Pauline ideas without
offending Gentile Christianity; Mark, on the contrary, in a negative
spirit, to publish a Gospel which should not hurt the feelings of either
party. Hence his avoidance of all those disputed questions which
disturbed the church during the first quarter of the second century. The
genealogy of Jesus is omitted; this being offensive to Gentile
Christians, and even to some of the more liberal Judaizers. The
supernatural birth of Jesus is omitted, this being offensive to the
Ebonitish (extreme Jewish) and some of the Gnostic Christians. For every
Judaizing feature that is sacrificed, a universal one is also
sacrificed. Hard words against the Jews are left out, but with equal
care, hard words about the Gentiles.[457:1]
We now come to the fourth, and last gospel, that "according to John,"
which was not written until many years after that "according to
Matthew."
"It is impossible to pass from the Synoptic[457:2] Gospels," says Canon
Westcott, "to the fourth, without feeling that the transition involves
the passage from one world of thought to another. No familiarity with
the general teachings of the Gospels, no wide conception of the
character of the Saviour, is sufficient to destroy the contrast which
exists in form and spirit between the earlier and later narratives."
The discrepancies between the fourth and the Synoptic Gospels are
numerous. If Jesus was the man of Matthew's Gospel, he was not the
mysterious being of the fourth. If his ministry was only one year
long, it was not three. If he made but one journey to Jerusalem, he
did not make many. If his method of teaching was that of the
Synoptics, it was not that of the fourth Gospel. If he was the Jew of
Matthew, he was not the Anti-Jew of John.[457:3]
Everywhere in John we come upon a more developed stage of Christianity
than in the Synoptics. The scene, the atmosphere, is different. In the
Synoptics Judaism, the Temple, the Law and the Messianic Kingdom are
omnipresent. In John they are remote and vague. In Matthew Jesus is
always yearning for his own nation. In John he has no other sentiment
for it than hate and scorn. In Matthew the sanction of the Prophets is
his great credential. In John his dignity can tolerate no previous
approximation.
"Do we ask," says Francis Tiffany, "who wrote this wondrous Gospel?
Mysterious its origin, as that wind of which its author speaks, which
bloweth where it listeth, and thou hearest the sound thereof and canst
not tell whence it cometh or whither it goeth. As with the Great Unknown
of the book of Job, the Great Unknown of the later Isaiah, the ages keep
his secret. The first absolutely indisputable evidence of the existence
of the book dates from the latter half of the second century."
The first that we know of the fourth Gospel, for certainty, is at the
time of Irenaeus (A. D. 179).[458:1] We look in vain for an express
recognition of the four canonical Gospels, or for a distinct mention
of any one of them, in the writings of St. Clement (A. D. 96), St.
Ignatius (A. D. 107), St. Justin (A. D. 140), or St. Polycarp (A. D.
108). All we can find is incidents from the life of Jesus, sayings, etc.
That Irenaeus is the author of it is very evident. This learned and pious
forger says:
"John, the disciple of the Lord, wrote his Gospel to confute
the doctrine lately taught by Cerinthus, and a great while
before by those called Nicolaitans, a branch of the Gnostics;
and to show that there is one God who made all things by his
WORD: and not, as they say, that there is one the Creator, and
another the Father of our Lord: and one the Son of the
Creator, and another, even the Christ, who descended from
above upon the Son of the Creator, and continued impassible,
and at length returned to his pleroma or fulness."[458:2]
The idea of God having inspired four different men to write a history
of the same transactions,--or rather, of many different men having
undertaken to write such a history, of whom God inspired four only to
write correctly, leaving the others to their own unaided resources, and
giving us no test by which to distinguish the inspired from the
uninspired--certainly appears self-confuting, and anything but natural.
The reasons assigned by Irenaeus for there being four Gospels are as
"It is impossible that there could be more or less than
four. For there are four climates, and four cardinal
winds; but the Gospel is the pillar and foundation of the
church, and its breath of life. The church therefore was to
have four pillars, blowing immortality from every quarter, and
giving life to man."[459:1]
It was by this Irenaeus, with the assistance of Clement of Alexandria,
and Tertullian, one of the Latin Fathers, that the four Gospels were
introduced into general use among the Christians.
In these four spurious Gospels, and in some which are considered
Apocryphal--because the bishops at the Council of Laodicea (A. D. 365)
rejected them--we have the only history of Jesus of Nazareth. Now, if
all accounts or narratives of Christ Jesus and his Apostles were
forgeries, as it is admitted that all the Apocryphal ones were, what
can the superior character of the received Gospels prove for them, but
that they are merely superiorly executed forgeries? The existence of
Jesus is implied in the New Testament outside of the Gospels, but
hardly an incident of his life is mentioned, hardly a sentence that he
spoke has been preserved. Paul, writing from twenty to thirty years
after his death, has but a single reference to anything he ever said or
Beside these four Gospels there were, as we said above, many others,
for, in the words of Mosheim, the ecclesiastical historian:
"Not long after Christ's ascension into heaven, several
histories of his life and doctrines, full of pious frauds
and fabulous wonders, were composed by persons whose
intentions, perhaps, were not bad, but whose writings
discovered the greatest superstition and ignorance. Nor was
this all; productions appeared, which were imposed upon the
world by fraudulent men, as the writings of the holy
apostles."[459:2]
Dr. Conyers Middleton, speaking on this subject, says:
"There never was any period of time in all ecclesiastical
history, in which so many rank heresies were publicly
professed, nor in which so many spurious books were forged
and published by the Christians, under the names of Christ,
and the Apostles, and the Apostolic writers, as in those
primitive ages. Several of these forged books are frequently
cited and applied to the defense of Christianity, by the most
eminent fathers of the same ages, as true and genuine
pieces."[459:3]
Archbishop Wake also admits that:
"It would be useless to insist on all the spurious pieces
which were attributed to St. Paul alone, in the primitive ages
of Christianity."[460:1]
Some of the "spurious pieces which were attributed to St. Paul," may be
found to-day in our canonical New Testament, and are believed by many to
be the word of God.[460:2]
The learned Bishop Faustus, in speaking of the authenticity of the New
Testament, says:
"It is certain that the New Testament was not written by
Christ himself, nor by his apostles, but a long while after
them, by some unknown persons, who, lest they should not be
credited when they wrote of affairs they were little
acquainted with, affixed to their works the names of the
apostles, or of such as were supposed to have been their
companions, asserting that what they had written themselves,
was written according to these persons to whom they ascribed
it."[460:3]
Again he says:
"Many things have been inserted by our ancestors in the
speeches of our Lord, which, though put forth under his name,
agree not with his faith; especially since--as already it has
been often proved--these things were not written by Christ,
nor his apostles, but a long while after their assumption, by
I know not what sort of half Jews, not even agreeing with
themselves, who made up their tale out of reports and opinions
merely, and yet, fathering the whole upon the names of the
apostles of the Lord, or on those who were supposed to follow
the apostles, they mendaciously pretended that they had
written their lies and conceits according to them."[460:4]
What had been said to have been done in India, was said by these
"half-Jews" to have been done in Palestine; the change of names and
places, with the mixing up of various sketches of the Egyptian, Persian,
Phenician, Greek and Roman mythology, was all that was necessary. They
had an abundance of material, and with it they built. The foundation
upon which they built was undoubtedly the "Scriptures," or Diegesis,
of the Essenes in Alexandria in Egypt, which fact led Eusebius, the
ecclesiastical historian--"without whom," says Tillemont, "we should
scarce have had any knowledge of the history of the first ages of
Christianity, or of the authors who wrote in that time"--to say that the
sacred writings used by this sect were none other than "Our Gospels."
We offer below a few of the many proofs showing the Gospels to have
been written a long time after the events narrated are said to have
occurred, and by persons unacquainted with the country of which they
wrote.
"He (Jesus) came unto the sea of Galilee, through the midst of the
coasts of Decapolis," is an assertion made by the Mark narrator (vii.
31), when there were no coasts of Decapolis, nor was the name so much as
known before the reign of the emperor Nero.
Again, "He (Jesus) departed from Galilee, and came into the coasts of
Judea, beyond Jordan," is an assertion made by the Matthew narrator
(xix. 1), when the Jordan itself was the eastern boundary of Judea, and
there were no coasts of Judea beyond it.
Again, "But when he (Joseph) heard that Archelaus did reign in Judea, in
the room of his father Herod, he was afraid to go thither,
notwithstanding, being warned of God in a dream, he turned aside into
the parts of Galilee, and he came and dwelt in a city called Nazareth;
that it might be fulfilled, which was spoken by the prophets, he shall
be called a Nazarene," is another assertion made by the Matthew narrator
(ii. 22, 23), when--1. It was a son of Herod who reigned in Galilee as
well as Judea, so that he could not be more secure in one province than
in the other; and when--2. It was impossible for him to have gone from
Egypt to Nazareth, without traveling through the whole extent of
Archelaus's kingdom, or making a peregrination through the deserts on
the north and east of the Lake Asphaltites, and the country of Moab; and
then, either crossing the Jordan into Samaria or the Lake of Gennesareth
into Galilee, and from thence going to the city of Nazareth, which is no
better geography, than if one should describe a person as turning
aside from Cheapside into the parts of Yorkshire; and when--3. There
were no prophets whatever who had prophesied that Jesus "should be
called a Nazarene."
The Matthew narrator (iv. 13) states that "He departed into Galilee, and
leaving Nazareth, came and dwelt in Capernaum," as if he imagined that
the city of Nazareth was not as properly in Galilee as Capernaum was;
which is much such geographical accuracy, as if one should relate the
travels of a hero, who departed into Middlesex, and leaving London, came
and dwelt in Lombard street.[461:1]
There are many other falsehoods in gospel geography beside these,
which, it is needless to mention, plainly show that the writers were not
the persons they are generally supposed to be.
Of gospel statistics there are many falsehoods; among them may be
mentioned the following:
"Annas and Caiaphas being the high priests, the word of God came unto
John the son of Zacharias in the wilderness," is an assertion made by
the Luke narrator (Luke iii. 2); when all Jews, or persons living among
them, must have known that there never was but one high priest at a
time, as with ourselves there is but one mayor of a city.
Again we read (John vii. 52), "Search (the Scriptures) and look, for out
of Galilee ariseth no prophet," when the most distinguished of the
Jewish prophets--Nahum and Jonah--were both Galileans.
See reference in the Epistles to "Saints," a religious order, owing
its origin to the popes. Also, references to the distinct orders of
"Bishops," "Priests," and "Deacons," and calls to a monastic life;
to fasting, etc., when, the titles of "Bishop," "Priest," and "Deacon"
were given to the Essenes--whom Eusebius calls Christians--and, as is
well known, monasteries were the abode of the Essenes or Therapeuts.
See the words for "legion," "aprons," "handkerchiefs,"
"centurion," etc., in the original, not being Greek, but Latin,
written in Greek characters, a practice first to be found in the
historian Herodian, in the third century.
In Matt. xvi. 18, and Matt. xviii. 17, the word "Church" is used, and
its papistical and infallible authority referred to as then existing,
which is known not to have existed till ages after. And the passage in
Matt. xi. 12:--"From the days of John the Baptist until now, the
kingdom of heaven suffereth violence," etc., could not have been written
till a very late period.
Luke ii. 1, shows that the writer (whoever he may have been) lived long
after the events related. His dates, about the fifteenth year of
Tiberius, and the government of Cyrenius (the only indications of time
in the New Testament), are manifestly false. The general ignorance of
the four Evangelists, not merely of the geography and statistics of
Judea, but even of its language,--their egregious blunders, which no
writers who had lived in that age could be conceived of as
making,--prove that they were not only no such persons as those who have
been willing to be deceived have taken them to be, but that they were
not Jews, had never been in Palestine, and neither lived at, or at
anywhere near the times to which their narratives seem to refer. The
ablest divines at the present day, of all denominations, have yielded as
much as this.[463:1]
The Scriptures were in the hands of the clergy only, and they had every
opportunity to insert whatsoever they pleased; thus we find them full of
interpolations. Johann Solomo Semler, one of the most influential
theologians of the eighteenth century, speaking of this, says:
"The Christian doctors never brought their sacred books before
the common people; although people in general have been wont
to think otherwise; during the first ages, they were in the
hands of the clergy only."[463:2]
Concerning the time when the canon of the New Testament was settled,
Mosheim says:
"The opinions, or rather the conjectures, of the learned
concerning the time when the books of the New Testament were
collected into one volume; as also about the authors of that
collection, are extremely different. This important question
is attended with great and almost insuperable difficulties to
us in these later times."[463:3]
The Rev. B. F. Westcott says:
"It is impossible to point to any period as marking the date
at which our present canon was determined. When it first
appears, it is presented not as a novelty, but as an ancient
tradition."[463:4]
Dr. Lardner says:
"Even so late as the middle of the sixth century, the canon
of the New Testament had not been settled by any authority
that was decisive and universally acknowledged, but Christian
people were at liberty to judge for themselves concerning the
genuineness of writings proposed to them as apostolical, and
to determine according to evidence."[464:1]
The learned Michaelis says:
"No manuscript of the New Testament now extant is prior to the
sixth century, and what is to be lamented, various readings
which, as appears from the quotations of the Fathers, were in
the text of the Greek Testament, are to be found in none of
the manuscripts which are at present remaining."[464:2]
And Bishop Marsh says:
"It is a certain fact, that several readings in our common
printed text are nothing more than alterations made by
Origen, whose authority was so great in the Christian Church
(A. D. 230) that emendations which he proposed, though, as he
himself acknowledged, they were supported by the evidence of
no manuscript, were very generally received."[464:3]
In his Ecclesiastical History, Eusebius gives us a list of what books at
that time (A. D. 315) were considered canonical. They are as follows:
"The four-fold writings of the Evangelists," "The Acts of the
Apostles," "The Epistles of Peter," "after these the first
of John, and that of Peter," "All these are received for
undoubted." "The Revelation of St. John, some disavow."
"The books which are gainsaid, though well known unto many,
are these: the Epistle of James, the Epistle of Jude, the
latter of Peter, the second and third of John, whether
they were John the Evangelist, or some other of the same
name."[464:4]
Though Irenaeus, in the second century, is the first who mentions the
evangelists, and Origen, in the third century, is the first who gives us
a catalogue of the books contained in the New Testament, Mosheim's
admission still stands before us. We have no grounds of assurance that
the mere mention of the names of the evangelists by Irenaeus, or the
arbitrary drawing up of a particular catalogue by Origen, were of any
authority. It is still unknown by whom, or where, or when, the
canon of the New Testament was settled. But in this absence of positive
evidence we have abundance of negative proof. We know when it was not
settled. We know it was not settled in the time of the Emperor
Justinian, nor in the time of Cassiodorus; that is, not at any time
before the middle of the sixth century, "by any authority that was
decisive and universally acknowledged; but Christian people were at
liberty to judge for themselves concerning the genuineness of writings
proposed to them as apostolical."
We cannot do better than close this chapter with the words of Prof. Max
Mueller, who, in speaking of Buddhism, says:
"We have in the history of Buddhism an excellent opportunity
for watching the process by which a canon of sacred books is
called into existence. We see here, as elsewhere, that
during the life-time of the teacher, no record of events, no
sacred code containing the sayings of the Master, was wanted.
His presence was enough, and thoughts of the future, and more
particularly, of future greatness, seldom entered the minds of
those who followed him. It was only after Buddha had left the
world to enter into Nirvana, that his disciples attempted to
recall the sayings and doings of their departed friend and
master. At that time, everything that seemed to redound to the
glory of Buddha, however extraordinary and incredible, was
eagerly welcomed, while witnesses who would have ventured to
criticise or reject unsupported statements, or to detract in
any way from the holy character of Buddha, had no chance of
ever being listened to. And when, in spite of all this,
differences of opinion arose, they were not brought to the
test by a careful weighing of evidence, but the names of
'unbeliever' and 'heretic' were quickly invented in India
as elsewhere, and bandied backwards and forwards between
contending parties, till at last, when the doctors disagreed,
the help of the secular power had to be invoked, and kings and
emperors assembled councils for the suppression of schism, for
the settlement of an orthodox creed, and for the completion of
a sacred canon."[465:1]
That which Prof. Mueller describes as taking place in the religion of
Christ Buddha, is exactly what took place in the religion of Christ
Jesus. That the miraculous, and many of the non-miraculous, events
related in the Gospels never happened, is demonstrable from the facts
which we have seen in this work, that nearly all of these events, had
been previously related of the gods and goddesses of heathen nations of
antiquity, more especially of the Hindoo Saviour Crishna, and the
Buddhist Saviour Buddha, whose religion, with less alterations than
time and translations have made in the Jewish Scriptures, may be traced
in nearly every dogma and every ceremony of the evangelical mythology.
NOTE.--The Codex Sinaiticus, referred to on the preceding page,
(note 2,) was found at the Convent of St. Catherine on Mt. Sinai, by
Tischendorf, in 1859. He supposes that it belongs to the 4th cent.;
but Dr. Davidson (in Kitto's Bib. Ency., Art. MSS.) thinks different. He
says: "Probably it is of the 6th cent.," while he states that the
Codex Vaticanus "is believed to belong to the 4th cent.," and the
Codex Alexandrinus to the 5th cent. McClintock & Strong's Ency. (Art.
MSS.,) relying probably on Tischendorf's conjecture, places the Codex
Sinaiticus first. "It is probably the oldest of the MSS. of the N.
T., and of the 4th cent.," say they. The Codex Vaticanus is considered
the next oldest, and the Codex Alexandrinus is placed third in order,
and "was probably written in the first half of the 5th cent." The
writer of the art. N. T. in Smith's Bib. Dic. says: "The Codex
Sinaiticus is probably the oldest of the MSS. of the N. T., and of the
4th cent.;" and that the Codex Alexandrinus "was probably written in
the first half of the 5th cent." Thus we see that in determining the
dates of the MSS. of the N. T., Christian divines are obliged to resort
to conjecture; there being no certainty whatever in the matter. But
with all their "suppositions," "probabilities," "beliefs" and
"conjectures," we have the words of the learned Michaelis still before
us, that: "No MSS. of the N. T. now extant are prior to the sixth
cent." This remark, however, does not cover the Codex Sinaiticus,
which was discovered since Michaelis wrote his work on the N. T.; but,
as we saw above, Dr. Davidson does not agree with Tischendorf in regard
to its antiquity, and places it in the 6th cent.
[450:1] Williams' Hinduism, p. 19. See also, Prof. Max Mueller's Lectures
on the Origin of Religion, pp. 145-158, and p. 67, where he speaks of
"the Hindus, who, thousands of years ago, had reached in Upanishads the
loftiest heights of philosophy."
[450:2] The Ancient City, p. 13.
[451:1] See Monier Williams' Hinduism, pp. 109, 110, and Indian Wisdom,
[451:2] See Isis Unveiled, vol. ii. p. 576, for the authority of Prof.
Max Mueller.
[451:3] "The religion known as Buddhism--from the title of 'The Buddha,'
meaning 'The Wise,' 'The Enlightened'--has now existed for 2400 years,
and may be said to be the prevailing religion of the world." (Chambers's
Encyclo.)
[451:4] This Council was assembled by Asoka in the eighteenth year of
his reign. The name of this king is honored wherever the teachings of
Buddha have spread, and is reverenced from the Volga to Japan, from
Ceylon and Siam to the borders of Mongolia and Siberia. Like his
Christian prototype Constantine, he was converted by a miracle. After
his conversion, which took place in the tenth year of his reign, he
became a very zealous supporter of the new religion. He himself built
many monasteries and dagabas, and provided many monks with the
necessaries of life; and he encouraged those about his court to do the
same. He published edicts throughout his empire, enjoining on all his
subjects morality and justice.
[451:5] Rhys Davids' Buddhism, p. 10.
[451:6] See Chapter VII.
[452:1] Mueller: Lectures on the Science of Religion, p. 235.
[452:2] This small tribe of Persians were driven from their native land
by the Mohammedan conquerors under the Khalif Omar, in the seventh
century of our era. Adhering to the ancient religion of Persia, which
resembles that of the Veda, and bringing with them the records of
their faith, the Zend-Avesta of their prophet Zoroaster, they settled
down in the neighborhood of Surat, about one thousand one hundred years
ago, and became great merchants and shipbuilders. For two or three
centuries we know little of their history. Their religion prevented them
from making proselytes, and they never multiplied within themselves to
any extent, nor did they amalgamate with the Hindoo population, so that
even now their number only amounts to about seventy thousand.
Nevertheless, from their busy, enterprising habits, in which they
emulate Europeans, they form an important section of the population of
Bombay and Western India.
[452:3] Movers: Quoted in Dunlap's Spirit Hist., p. 261.
[452:4] Prolegomena, p. 417.
[452:5] Bonwick's Egyptian Belief, p. 162.
[453:2] Ibid. p. 142, and King's Gnostics, p. 71.
[453:3] Bonwick's Egyptian Belief, pp. 135, 140, and 143.
[453:4] Quoted in Ibid. p. 186.
[453:5] Ibid.
[453:6] Renouf: Religion of Ancient Egypt, p. 81.
[454:1] That is, the Tri-murti Brahma, Vishnu and Siva, for he tells
us that the three gods, Indra, Agni, and Surya, constitute the Vedic
chief triad of Gods. (Hinduism, p. 24.) Again he tells us that the idea
of a Tri-murti was first dimly shadowed forth in the Rig-Veda, where a
triad of principal gods--Agni, Indra and Surya--is recognized. (Ibid. p.
88.) The worship of the three members of the Tri-murti, Brahma, Vishnu
and Siva, is to be found in the period of the epic poems, from 500 to
308 B. C. (Ibid. pp. 109, 110, 115.)
[454:2] Williams' Hinduism, p. 25.
[454:3] Monumental Christianity, p. 890.
[454:4] See Mexican Antiquities, vol. vi.
[454:5] See Appendix A.
[455:1] The genealogy which traces him back to Adam (Luke iii.) makes
his religion not only a Jewish, but a Gentile one. According to this
Gospel he is not only a Messiah sent to the Jews, but to all nations,
sons of Adam.
[456:1] See The Bible of To-Day, under "Matthew."
[456:2] See Ibid. under "Luke."
[457:1] See the Bible of To-Day, under "Mark."
[457:2] "Synoptics;" the Gospels which contain accounts of the same
events--"parallel passages," as they are called--which can be written
side by side, so as to enable us to make a general view or synopsis of
all the three, and at the same time compare them with each other. Bishop
Marsh says: "The most eminent critics are at present decidedly of
opinion that one of the two suppositions must necessarily be adopted,
either that the three Evangelists copied from each other, or that all
the three drew from a common source, and that the notion of an absolute
independence, in respect to the composition of the three first Gospels,
is no longer tenable."
[457:3] "On opening the New Testament and comparing the impression
produced by the Gospel of Matthew or Mark with that by the Gospel of
John, the observant eye is at once struck with as salient a contrast as
that already indicated on turning from the Macbeth or Othello of
Shakespeare to the Comus of Milton or to Spenser's Faerie Queene."
(Francis Tiffany.)
"To learn how far we may trust them (the Gospels) we must in the first
place compare them with each other. The moment we do so we notice that
the fourth stands quite alone, while the first three form a single
group, not only following the same general course, but sometimes even
showing a verbal agreement which cannot possibly be accidental." (The
Bible for Learners, vol. ii. p. 27.)
[458:1] "Irenaeus is the first person who mentions the four Gospels by
name." (Bunsen: Keys of St. Peter, p. 328.)
"Irenaeus, in the second century, is the first of the fathers who, though
he has nowhere given us a professed catalogue of the books of the New
Testament, intimates that he had received four Gospels, as authentic
Scriptures, the authors of which he describes." (Rev. R. Taylor:
Syntagma, p. 109.)
"The authorship of the fourth Gospel has been the subject of much
learned and anxious controversy among theologians. The earliest, and
only very important external testimony we have is that of IRENAEUS (A.
D. 179.)" (W. R. Grey: The Creed of Christendom, p. 159.)
[458:2] Against Heresies, bk. ii. ch. xi. sec. 1.
[459:1] Against Heresies, bk. iii. ch. xi. sec. 8.
[459:2] Mosheim: vol. i. p. 109.
[459:3] Middleton's Works, vol. i. p. 59.
[460:1] Genuine Epist. Apost. Fathers, p. 98.
[460:2] See Chadwick's Bible of To-Day, pp. 191, 192.
[460:3] "Nec ab ipso scriptum constat, nec ab ejus apostolis sed longo
post tempore a quibusdam incerti nominis viris, qui ne sibi non
haberetur fides scribentibus quae nescirent, partim apostolorum, partim
eorum qui apostolos secuti viderentur nomina scriptorum suorum frontibus
indiderunt, asseverantes secundum eos, se scripsisse quae scripserunt."
(Faust, lib. 2. Quoted by Rev. R. Taylor: Diegesis, p. 114.)
[460:4] "Multa enim a majoribus vestris, eloquiis Domini nostri inserta
verba sunt; quae nomine signata ipsius, cum ejus fide non congruant,
praesertim, quia, ut jam saepe probatum a nobis est, nec ab ipso haec sunt,
nec ab ejus apostolis scripta, sed multo post eorum assumptionem, a
nescio quibus, et ipsis inter se non concordantibus SEMI-JUDAEIS, per
famas opinionesque comperta sunt; qui tamen omnia eadem in apostolorum
Domini conferentes nomina vel eorum qui secuti apostolos viderentur,
errores ac mendacia sua secundum eos se scripsisse mentiti sunt."
(Faust.: lib. 88. Quoted in Ibid. p. 66.)
[461:1] Taylor's Diegesis.
[463:1] Says Prof. Smith upon this point: "All the earliest external
evidence points to the conclusion that the synoptic gospels are
non-apostolic digests of spoken and written apostolic tradition, and
that the arrangement of the earlier material in orderly form took place
only gradually and by many essays."
Dr. Hooykaas, speaking of the four "Gospels," and "Acts," says of
them: "Not one of these five books was really written by the person
whose name it bears, and they are all of more recent date than the
heading would lead us to suppose."
"We cannot say that the "Gospels" and book of "Acts" are unauthentic,
for not one of them professes to give the name of its author. They
appeared anonymously. The titles placed above them in our Bibles owe
their origin to a later ecclesiastical tradition which deserves no
confidence whatever." (Bible for Learners, vol. iii. pp. 24, 25.)
These Gospels "can hardly be said to have had authors at all. They had
only editors or compilers. What I mean is, that those who enriched the
old Christian literature with these Gospels did not go to work as
independent writers and compose their own narratives out of the accounts
they had collected, but simply took up the different stories or sets of
stories which they found current in the oral tradition or already
reduced to writing, adding here and expanding there, and so sent out
into the world a very artless kind of composition. These works were
then, from time to time, somewhat enriched by introductory matter or
interpolations from the hands of later Christians, and perhaps were
modified a little here and there. Our first two Gospels appear to have
passed through more than one such revision. The third, whose writer says
in his preface, that 'many had undertaken to put together a narrative
(Gospel),' before him, appears to proceed from a single collecting,
arranging, and modifying hand." (Ibid. p. 29.)
[463:2] "Christiani doctores non in vulgus prodebant libros sacros,
licet soleant plerique aliteropinari, erant tantum in manibus
clericorum, priora per saecula." (Quoted in Taylor's Diegesis, p. 48.)
[463:3] Mosheim: vol. i. pt. 2, ch. ii.
[463:4] General Survey of the Canon, p. 459.
[464:1] Credibility of the Gospels.
[464:2] Marsh's Michaelis, vol. ii. p. 160. The Sinaitic MS. is believed
by Tischendorf to belong to the fourth century.
[464:3] Ibid. p. 368.
[464:4] Eusebius: Ecclesiastical Hist. lib. 3, ch. xxii.
[465:1] The Science of Religion, pp. 30, 31.
Samson And His Exploits
The Birth-day Of Christ Jesus
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0032.json.gz/line1826701
|
__label__wiki
| 0.965162
| 0.965162
|
Police arrest felon who threatened to bring gun to Thomaston Walmart
N.Y. authorities alerted Rockport police that Jeremy Rogers had shared a video of himself with an AR-15 rifle, saying he was going to Walmart.
By Stephen BettsCourier Gazette
THOMASTON — A 25-year-old man who had been convicted in Connecticut on a weapons charge was charged with threatening to bring a gun to the Thomaston Walmart after he shared a video of himself wearing a ski mask and holding an AR-15 rifle.
Jeremy Rogers Photo courtesy of the Knox County Jail
Jeremy H. Rogers, previously of Norwalk, Connecticut, was arrested shortly before 7 p.m. Thursday and charged with felony terrorizing with a dangerous weapon, felony terrorizing and felony possession of a firearm by a prohibited person.
His arrest came after New York State Police alerted police in Rockport that Rogers had sent a video via Facebook messenger to a woman in New York showing him wearing a ski mask and holding an AR-15 rifle. In the video, he is quoted as saying “I’m going to Walmart,” according to an affidavit filed in Knox County Court in Rockland.
A second video showed Rogers, without a mask, making disparaging comments about a woman and pointing a gun at his head, the affidavit said.
Rockport police were alerted because family members said he recently moved to Rockport.
Thomaston police were notified and Police Chief Tim Hoppe said Walmart stores in Thomaston and Augusta were notified. The Thomaston store closed at 9 p.m. Wednesday out of caution, the chief said. The store reopened as usual Thursday.
Hoppe worked with Rockland police to track down Rogers’ location at a residence on Mount Pleasant Street in Rockport.
Another video was then found on Facebook of Rogers shooting the semi-automatic AR-15 rifle into the air on the grounds of the Mount Pleasant Street property.
Police went to the property and found it was heavily fenced with barbed wire atop the fence.
A criminal background check of Rogers found he had convictions in 2016 in Connecticut for criminal possession of a firearm and causing risk of injury to a child, court records show.
The Norwalk Daily Voice reported in 2016 that Rogers was arrested after police responded to a call about a man screaming about food another person in the house had eaten but not paid for. Rogers told police he had two unarmed firearms and ammunition in his closet, a violation of his probation, the news site reported.
Rogers was being held at the Knox County Jail in Rockland in lieu of $50,000 cash bail.
Thomaston Walmart closes early after threat
Pair wanted in Wisconsin arrested in Wells traffic stop
Former Bangor school official arrested in child porn case
Westbrook Police Notes: Jan. 11-17
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0032.json.gz/line1826704
|
__label__cc
| 0.560885
| 0.439115
|
More Options and Even More Value Coming for MORE Everything Customers
Two Smartphone Lines on Verizon Edge, 6GB of shared data for $100 starting Feb. 5
Feb 04, 2015, 10:00 ET
BASKING RIDGE, N.J., Feb. 4, 2015 /PRNewswire/ -- Value comes in many different packages – big and small, clean and simple. Starting Feb. 5, both new and existing Verizon Wireless customers on MORE Everything plans will have even more ways to save and experience more value.
Beginning Thursday, Verizon's MORE Everything plans with data allowances of 1GB to 3GB (or from $40 to $60 per month) will include 1GB of additional data for the same price. A new $70 plan with 6GB will be available.
Additionally, for a limited time customers who choose MORE Everything plans of 6GB or higher can add smartphones on Verizon Edge for only $15 a month after a $25 access discount per line. With this new promotion, the monthly service plan for an account with two smartphones on Edge and 6GB of shared data is only $100. Edge discounts are $15 per line for MORE Everything plans with data allowances of 4GB and below.
Verizon is also adding new 12GB, 14GB, and 16GB options to its MORE Everything plans for customers with greater appetites for data and all that it enables, like streaming video or sharing large files.
"Just about a year ago, Verizon Wireless expanded what customers experience with a shared data plan when we introduced MORE Everything on the best 4G LTE network," said Nancy Clark, chief marketing officer at Verizon Wireless. "As the market leader, we are committed to delivering customers the solutions and value that make sense for their lifestyles."
Verizon Edge allows customers to pay for their smartphone over 24 monthly installments and lets customer upgrade earlier and more often, without any upgrade or activation fees.
Additionally for a limited time, new customers who port-in their wireless number from another carrier and activate their new Verizon smartphone on Edge will receive an additional one-time $100 bill credit per qualified line.
The MORE Everything holiday promotions end on Feb. 4; and existing customers can change their plans at any time by visiting MyVerizon.
About Verizon Wireless
Verizon Wireless operates the nation's largest and most reliable 4G LTE network. As the largest wireless company in the U.S., Verizon Wireless serves 106.2 million retail customers, including 100.1million retail postpaid customers. Verizon Wireless is wholly owned by Verizon Communications Inc. (NYSE,Nasdaq: VZ). For more information, visit www.verizonwireless.com. For the latest news and updates about Verizon Wireless, visit our News Center at http://www.verizonwireless.com/news or follow us on Twitter at http://twitter.com/VZWNews.
To view the original version on PR Newswire, visit:http://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/more-options-and-even-more-value-coming-for-all-more-everything-customers-300030499.html
SOURCE Verizon Wireless
http://www.verizonwireless.com
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0032.json.gz/line1826706
|
__label__cc
| 0.691842
| 0.308158
|
RD.COM Humor
25 Funny International Laws You’d Never Know Were Real
Claire NowakUpdated: Jan. 28, 2020
You might want to remember these surprising and strange laws next time you're traveling to avoid embarrassment, fines, or worse!
Jacob Lund/Shutterstock
New place, new laws
Culture clashes can occur anytime you travel, but every once in a while they happen in some truly unexpected ways. From a harmless hug to lighting up a cigarette outdoors, these are the strange travel faux pas any globetrotter would do best to avoid. Check out these other everyday things you didn’t know were illegal.
puhhha/Shutterstock
Vicks inhalers are forbidden in Japan
In Japan, over-the-counter allergy/sinus medications that contain the ingredient pseudoephedrine such as Vicks inhalers and Sudafed are banned under Japan’s strict anti-stimulant drug laws. Medications that feature codeine are also prohibited and shouldn’t be brought into Japan.
Dennis van de Water/Shutterstock
Don’t eat on church steps in Italy
Be careful where you consume a relaxing lunch or a refreshing beverage in Italy. It’s an offense in Florence to eat or drink while sitting on church steps or within a church courtyard. The same law applies to eating near public buildings. Snack elsewhere and avoid the fine. Read up on these bizarre things that have been banned around the world.
Leszek Glasner/Shutterstock
Keep your top on in Fiji
Fiji is a beautiful tropical paradise where sunbathing and swimming are part of daily life but don’t get caught with your pants (or top) down. Public nudity and topless bathing are illegal here. Stay covered up and out of jail.
chingyunsong/Shutterstock
Feed the pigeons and you’ll break the law in San Fransisco
It’s illegal to feed pigeons on the streets of San Francisco. The city famous for the Golden Gate Bridge blames the ubiquitous birds for spreading disease and damaging property. If you’re caught providing food to San Francisco’s pigeons, you could face a hefty fine. Citizens are even encouraged to report pigeon feeders to the city’s police department.
mirtmirt/Shutterstock
Leave your Bible at home in the Maldives
In the Maldives (where you can find this glow-in-the-dark beach), public observance of any religion other than Islam is prohibited, and it’s an offense to import Bibles into the country. To ensure that you don’t upset the locals or run afoul of the law, don’t bring a Bible along on your trip. You probably never knew that these books were banned.
solominviktor/Shutterstock
Watch your camera in Kazakhstan
Want to capture one last snapshot of your family in the airport before you board the plane? In Kazakhstan, it’s against the law. Photography in and around airports is illegal, and taking pictures of military and official buildings is frowned upon as well. Find out why it’s illegal to take pictures of the Eiffel Tower at night, too.
golubovystock/Shutterstock
Don’t smoke in Jamaica, mon
Tourists may be surprised to discover that marijuana is outlawed in Jamaica. Since 1913, Jamaican law has stated that the cultivation, use, or possession of marijuana is illegal. People caught with even a small amount of the plant can face a lengthy prison sentence. And, if you hear tourists in Jamaica referring to 420, know what that means.
Pack a breathalyzer in France
In France, drivers are legally required to carry a portable Breathalyzer in their vehicle. If you’re caught without this gadget in your car, you’ll be expected to cough up 11 Euros tout suite. Tourists behind the wheel, this law applies to you too.
David M G/Shutterstock
Pucker up at your peril in the United Arab Emirates
Public displays of affection—kissing, hugging, holding hands—should be avoided while traveling in the United Arab Emirates. Tourists have been arrested and thrown in jail for kissing in public. Reserve all amorous moments for private occasions behind closed doors. If you’re married, here are more surprising laws you’re probably breaking right now.
fokke baarssen/Shutterstock
Keep your pants on in Greece
The Greeks and indecent behavior don’t mix. If you’re the type of person who gets a laugh out of mooning other folks, you might want to keep your pants up and your belt buckled. Dropping your drawers is a chargeable offense in Greece that can bring with it a steep fine or jail time.
Santiago Cornejo/Shutterstock
Bathing suits are for the beach only in Barcelona
Don’t wander away from the Barcelona seafront dressed in just your bikini or swim trunks. In this Spanish city, it’s against the law to wear swimming attire on public streets. Cover up or change out of your bathing suit if you plan to leave the beach or promenade—failing to do so will result in a financial dent in your wallet.
Butt out and chew carefully in Singapore
Smoking laws are more severe in Singapore than they are in North America. Lighting up in public—in restaurants, on the street, in a park—will earn a stiff fine in this Asian country. Gum chewers aren’t exempt from tough regulations either. It’s illegal to chomp gum while riding on Singapore’s Mass Rapid Transit (MRT) system, and like smoking, this offense is punishable with a fine. Check out these 50 things that are banned in the United States.
Billion Photos/Shutterstock
Don’t empty your piggy bank for purchases in Canada
If you’re shopping in Canada, don’t expect cashiers to accept stacks of coins as your sole method of payment. According to Canada’s Currency Act, stores can legally refuse excessive amounts of coins. With pennies, for example, customers’ payments may be rejected if they try to use more than 25 one-cent coins at one time.
Goran Bogicevic/Shutterstock
Follow baby-naming guidelines in Denmark
Parents-to-be can only get so creative with their baby name brainstorming. Under Denmark’s Law on Personal Names, their final choice must come from a pre-approved list of 7,000 names. If they want to go with something more unique, they need to get government approval. Around the world, these children’s rights aren’t universal, but really should be.
Robert Kneschke/Shutterstock
Apparently, residents of Phnom Penh (the capital of Cambodia) can get crazy with their water guns. In 2001, Governor Chea Sophara banned the sale and import of all water guns to cut down on accidents and incidents of people maliciously using the toys. He worried their use could cause social unrest and disrupt security during the Khmer New Year. These things will probably be illegal in the next 50 years.
Bike responsibly in Mexico
You’ve heard of reckless driving, but in Mexico, they’re also concerned about bikers. Anyone riding a bike may not lift their feet from the pedals because they could potentially lose control. It sounds a little crazy, but lawmakers are really just looking out for bikers’ safety.
Eugenio Marongiu/Shutterstock
Don’t get people wasted in Australia
Bars and taverns all over the world have one primary purpose: to serve alcohol. However, any Australians with a liquor license are prohibited from engaging in “practices or promotions that encourage rapid or excessive consumption of liquor,” the law states. Getting patrons too drunk down under could result in a $12,600 fine. Check out these 10 unusual American liquor laws.
Keep it down in Canada
The city of Petrolia in Ontario could be easily mistaken for Bomont, the fictional town from the movie Footloose. Dancing isn’t banned, but excessive noise is, which means no singing, whistling, and yelling between 11 p.m. and 7 a.m.
Kaspars Grinvalds/Shutterstock
No high heels in Greece
Well, the historic parts of Greece. Officials prohibit anyone from wearing high heels at certain ancient locations because they could actually damage the site. NPR reported that food and drink are also banned after maintenance workers found nearly 60 pounds of gum under the seats of a theater built in 161 A.D. The right to wear heels isn’t exactly harrowing, but unfortunately, some rights around the world still aren’t universal.
CRStudio/Shutterstock
Be respectful of money in Thailand
We’re not talking about spending it wisely. Stepping on Thai money, called Baht, is illegal because it has the likeness of the Thai royal family on it. Defacing any image of the royal family has been against the law since 1908, and it could land you in jail. Not nearly as serious, but a lot more likely: watch out for these things that can get you banned from Facebook.
CHEN WS/Shutterstock
Visit your parents if you live in China
In 2013, China passed the Elderly Rights Law, which stated that adults are required to visit their aging parents “often.” No word on exactly what “often” means, but if people fail to comply, the court could force them to visit their parents a certain number of times each month.
Julia Sudnitskaya/Shutterstock
Don’t bring Polish potatoes into Britain
In 2004, British officials banned the importation of potatoes that came from Poland. But it’s not because the Brits have anything against the Polish. The law was put in place because there was an outbreak of ring rot (a disease that can ruin potato crops) on Polish potatoes. While that law has a reasonable purpose, the same can’t be said in the U.S. Check out the strangest food laws you’ll find in every state.
Don’t cheat on exams in Bangladesh
Everyone should know that cheating on a test is wrong. Many schools, especially universities, threaten expulsion if students are caught cheating, but in Bangladesh, the stakes get even higher. Children 15 or older can actually go to jail if they cheat on their final exams.
Kite_rin/Shutterstock
Listen to Canadian musicians in Canada
Bring on the Celine Dion, Michael Bublé, and Justin Bieber tunes. The Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission states that all English- and French- speaking radio stations that play “popular music” (think American Top 40 hits) must make sure that at least 35 percent of that content is from Canadian artists.
DisobeyArt/Shutterstock
Don’t swear in the Caribbean
Keep that sailor talk in the United States! Saint Kitts, also known as Saint Christopher Island, has a strict law against using profanity in public, and not complying could get you arrested. That’s what happened to rapper 50 Cent when he let a curse word slip at a concert in 2016. Those cops don’t mess around. Here in America, don’t miss the 50 dumbest laws in every state.
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0032.json.gz/line1826713
|
__label__cc
| 0.62316
| 0.37684
|
Grants and FundingGrants and Funding
Search for Grants and FundingSearch for Grants and…
Cyber Security Business Connect and ProtectCyber Security…
Cyber Security Business Connect and Protect
ClosedGrant Closed: 30th of November 2020 - 5:00 pm Value: $100,000 to $750,000 Run By: Australian Government Department of Industry, Science, Energy and Resources Further Information: https://www.grants.gov.au/Go/Show?GoUuid=2df49851-bc3b-beba-9601-4705b005e1e0
This program will provide funding to trusted organisations that provide business advice to small and medium enterprises (SMEs) which have a demonstrated reach and influence over a large number of SMEs across regional and metropolitan Australia. Funding will support projects that raise the awareness of cyber security risks amongst SMEs, promote action to address these risks and support and uplift the capability of SMEs to meet best practice in cyber security.The objectives of Cyber Security Business Connect and Protect are to:
raise cyber security risk awareness among SMEs through trusted advisers
promote action amongst SMEs to address cyber security risks
lift the cyber security capability of SMEs, including through transfer of cyber security knowledge and skills.
Organisations that we would expect to fund under Cyber Security Business Connect and Protect include chambers of commerce and industry, industry associations, and peak bodies.
The maximum project period is 12 months and you must complete your project by 30 March 2022.
The grant amount will be up to 100% of eligible project expenditure and any project contributions must be in cash.
Last Updated: 4th of November 2020
Search Grants & Funding
Latest Additions & Updates
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0032.json.gz/line1826714
|
__label__wiki
| 0.628616
| 0.628616
|
Bitcoin Stories
Latest bitcoin news & updates
Blockchain Stories
Latest blockchain news & updates
Crypto Stories
Latest crypto news & updates
Recharge and use
Hardware, cloud & more
Find Bitcoin ATM
Bitcoin courses
Crypto courses
Explore Remote Jobs
Find a Talent
PayPal, VISA and more Exits Facebook's Libra Project Following Regulatory Concerns
Brandon Stewart
Yesterday, PayPal announced that it would be pulling out of the Facebook Libra project without reason. Visa and MasterCard follow.
t is not surprising news that controversy surrounds Facebook’s cryptocurrency project, Libra. The project faces debate and scrutiny that arguably has been unseen in the cryptocurrency sphere. Yesterday, PayPal, one of the largest online payment systems, has announced that it would be pulling out from the project.
Without providing a reason, Paypal made the decision to leave on its own, in a statement it said, “PayPal has made the decision to forgo further participation in the Libra association at this time and to continue to focus on advancing our existing mission and business priorities as we strive to democratize access to financial services for undeserved populations.”
To be involved with the Libra project, companies were required to pledge $10 million USD into a common pool. To date, this $10 million has not been handed to Facebook and companies have only signed nonbinding letters of intent. These reps totally more than two dozen are known as the Libra Association.
The news of PayPal’s departure comes less than a week after a Wall Street Journal report listed MasterCard and Visa as companies that were also reconsidering their support before a meeting on October 14 with reps from Visa Inc., MasterCard Inc. and the other companies within the Libra Association. The meeting’s goal is to review a charter for the group and appoint a board of directors.
Al Kelly said earlier in July, that “It’s important to understand the facts and not any of us get out ahead of ourselves.”
Many of the concerns surrounding Libra revolve around how to platform and cryptocurrency will be secured, specifically how the network can protect the privacy of its users and how it will safeguard against criminals who intend to use it to launder money.
Federal Reserve Chairman Jerome Powell told legislators he had “serious concerns” about Libra and the company’s timetable of launching it next year. Libra has seen equal scrutiny in France as the French government has said it plans to block the development of Libra in the European Union.
However, it should be noted that Libra has speculated positive results, which Facebook, vehemently defends. Facebook hopes to provide financial services to those how do not have bank accounts for various reasons. The company also seeks to reduce the cost of sending money worldwide, by saving the vast many migrants who send money worldwide nearly $25 billion in total remittance fees.
Some analysts have even said that Libra cold help diversify the revenue base of the digital consumer economy.
The Wall Street Journal has reported, that the U.S. Treasury Department sent letters to companies including Visa, Mastercard, and PayPal and asked for “a complete overview of their money-laundering compliance programs and how Libra will fit into them.”
David Marcus, Pictured Above.
David Marcus (former CEO of PayPal, who now heads Calibra and the Libra Project) said on Twitter in a multi-tweet response to the same WSJ article cited above, “I can tell you that we're very calmly, and confidently working through the legitimate concerns that Libra has raised by bringing conversations about the value of digital currencies to the forefront.”
Facebook will need to quash the rumors of the solidarity of its association as soon as possible. As support continues to waver, it is unclear who will continue to support the digital currency project in the long-term.
I am a risk manager and journalist. I write about business, technology, health, and whatever new thing happens in the world of crypto.
Or get latest updates directly to your mail box!
Evercoin Announces They Have the Safest Cryptocurrency Wallet
According to Evercoin, they have the safest cryptocurrency wallet and exchange. How is Evercoin different from the rest? Let's examine their claims.
Blockchain Phones: HTC and Samsung Joins Blockchain Technology
Giant tech companies like Samsung and HTC are turning towards blockchain technology and now thrown in their chips with a new product offering: the blockchain phone.
Bitcoin is the 'Hedge' for U.S - China Trade War
The solution to the U.S - China trade war might be Bitcoin. Talks about upcoming recession and economic slowdown are driving Bitcoin prices through the roof.
US Feds Looking At Development of Central Bank Digital Currency
The U.S. is looking to catch up to China as they finally look into developing a Central Bank Digital Currency. So far, China is in the far lead in blockchain technology.
Timeline: China’s digital-currency (Yuan), Bitcoin and Cryptocurrency
Timeline of China's Digital Currency. China's Central Bank pushes for digital and blockchain adoption. China looks to be the blockchain leader of the world.
Monero Wallet Hacked, User Loses Thousands in Single Transaction
The official crypto wallet for Monero was hacked with coin stealing software. Currently only one confirmed claim of lost funds has been made.
Bitcoin StoriesBlockchain StoriesCrypto Stories
ExchangesWalletsCardsMining
Bitcoin 101Blockchain 101Crypto 101
TwitterTelegramReddit
Contact usAdvertise
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0032.json.gz/line1826715
|
__label__wiki
| 0.659574
| 0.659574
|
tvOS 9.0 Final Download For Apple TV 4 Released [Direct Link]
By Oliver Haslam | October 30th, 2015
With the new Apple TV going on sale tomorrow, Apple has today made its tvOS 9 software available to download for those that want to do a full restore of the device, with the first stable release coming in as build number 13T396 – same as the tvOS Gold Master build seeded to developers last week – following a slew of beta releases up until this point.
The main reason you would want to restore an Apple TV at the moment is if you are a developer, have one of those Apple TV 4 Dev Kits that Apple sent out to select devs, and want to update your dev unit to get the retail build software so that you can take advantage of the App Store. If you’re a developer, then we are fairly safe in the assumption that you will indeed want that App Store on your own Apple TV, so now would be an excellent time to kick that download and restore off before launch day tomorrow. You never know how Apple’s servers are going to hold up.
The new Apple TV, the first update to the set-top box in three years, is the first to feature an App Store and has the potential to change the way we watch television, or at least, that’s what Apple keeps telling us. The App Store is undoubtedly the main attraction here, with new Siri integration a close second. Whichever of the new features is the catalyst for your Apple TV purchase, though, initial reviews suggest that while you likely won’t be disappointed with your purchase, Apple’s hopes of changing the way we think of television may be some way off coming to fruition.
As for us? Well, we just want to be able to play some of our favorite iPhone and iPad games on the big screen and we can’t imagine being alone in that regard.
Whether that’s enough to justify a purchase though, that is up for you to make.
You can download the final build tvOS 9 for Apple TV 4 from Apple’s developer portal or via the direct link provided below.
Download link: tvOS 9.0 13T396 IPSW for AppleTV5,3 (4)
How To Get Apple TV 4 Screen Savers On Mac OS X
Siri Search To Support Apple Music On Apple TV From Next Year
You can follow us on Twitter, add us to your circle on Google+ or like our Facebook page to keep yourself updated on all the latest from Microsoft, Google, Apple and the web.
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0032.json.gz/line1826717
|
__label__wiki
| 0.968295
| 0.968295
|
Netflix's Selena Series Finally Has A Release Date
Story from TV Shows
Netflix’s Selena Series Finally Has A Release Date (& It’s Soon)
Natalie Morin
Photo: Courtesy of Netflix.
Superstar Selena Quintanilla may be a legend, but there's still much of the late Tejano music legend's story that has yet to be told. And soon, fans and fans-to-be alike can hopefully come to understand her better through a new biographical drama, coming to Netflix.
Created by award-winning Mexican-American filmmaker Moisés Zamora, Selena: The Series, airing on the streaming service December 4, is a coming-of-age story about Selena (played by The Walking Dead's Christian Serratos) and "all the heart-wrenching and life-changing choices she and her family have to make as they navigate success, family, and music."
The youngest child of the Quintanilla family, Selena came on the scene in 1981 as a member of the band Selena y Los Dinos alongside her two siblings. The Grammy-winner made waves throughout the '80s and early '90s as one of the only successful women in the male-dominated Tejano music scene. Selena's influence spread all throughout Mexico and Latin America, but in 1995 was tragically shot and killed by former fan club president when she was only 23 years old.
The black-and-white teaser shows Selena walking on-stage to a thunderous crowd, as her father's voice echoes around her: "When I see you on that stage, I still see the six-year-old girl singing in our backyard."
Selena's sister, Suzette Quintanilla, is a co-producer of the show, and Mexican-Japanese director Hiromi Kamata will helm Part One, consisting of six one-hour episodes. Other cast members include Ricardo Chavira as Selena's father, Abraham Quintanilla and Gabriel Chavarria as Selena’s brother AB. Julio Macias, Jesse Posey, Hunter Reese Peña, and Carlos Alfredo, Jr. will star as series regulars.
Watch the teaser trailer for Selena: The Series, on Netflix December 4.
Netflix Selena Quintanilla TV Series Release, Teaser
TV Shows • Best of Netflix • Entertainment
written by Natalie Morin
More from TV
We Finally Know What’s Up With Those 5 New Bachelor ...
One Bachelor contestant self-eliminated during the Jan. 18 episode, but the rest of the women are no closer to winning Matt James’ heart. That’
by Martha Sorren
The Bachelor Season 25, Episode 3 Recap: Sarah, Sarah, Sarah
Going into episode 3 of The Bachelor, there were a few questions that needed to be answered: Was Sarah okay after feeling faint at the rose ceremony? Who w
Who’s Left On The Bachelor With Matt James… Th...
Anna From The Bachelor Is Roasting This Season — & Herse...
There are some people who reliably appear on every Bachelor roster: at least one Lauren, a few pageant queens, and over two dozen people with some serious
The Bachelor’s MJ Spills Behind-The-Scenes Intel Of ...
You’ve probably noticed that MJ Snyder from The Bachelor has great hair — which makes sense, because she’s a hairstylist. As Chris Harrison
The Bachelor’s Marylynn Is Being Remarkably Kind A...
Unfortunately for Bachelor viewers (and contestants), “Queen” Victoria Larson’s reign isn’t over yet. During episode 2, after accusing her castmate
Serena P. Isn’t Getting Much Bachelor Screen Time — ...
There are several ways to predict Bachelor frontrunners, and the biggest ones aren’t necessarily memorable entrances or even first impression roses. Ther
A Few Clues That Victoria Is Going Home Very Soon On The Bache...
Every season, one of the Bachelor contestants becomes a “villain” early on. She’s usually not very self aware, stirs up drama with the ot
Jessenia Is An Actual Queen Outside Of The Bachelor
There’s an actual queen on Matt James’ season of The Bachelor, and no, we’re not talking about Victoria Larson. She may have showed up in
What You Need To Remember From Season 2 Of All American
After (almost) a year-long hiatus, All American is finally back for its third season. The CW teen drama’s extended absence was affected by Covid-19, but
by Ariana Brockington
Gina Torres Was Told She Could Never Sell A Show With A Black Wom...
“I really got choked up about this,” Gina Torres admitted over the phone to Refinery29, a week before her debut on FOX’s emergency responders drama 9
This Is When — Exactly — Bling Empire Was Filmed
When you’re living in the middle of a pandemic, it’s impossible to not be aware of that fact, and that includes while watching what is usually
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0032.json.gz/line1826719
|
__label__cc
| 0.613746
| 0.386254
|
Home » WWE News » WWE Putting the Women’s Championship on Becky Lynch Soon?
WWE Putting the Women’s Championship on Becky Lynch Soon?
by H Jenkinson September 1, 2018 September 1, 2018 at 11:22 am
Becky Lynch seems to be chasing the title that she feels was unfairly taken from her when Charlotte Flair made herself at home in the SummerSlam match that cost Carmella her title. Now it looks like with the fans behind her and sympathizing to her point, Lynch could be in line for something very cool.
Dave Meltzer addressed WWE’s decision to go ahead with Becky Lynch on Wrestling Observer Radio and unless WWE has their hearts set on something else, Lynch is likely going to be walking away with the SmackDown Women’s Title eventually.
“Depending on what their longterm plans are they’ll make everybody happy giving her the title. Although you could hold off on that too, you don’t have to rush the title on her. I don’t know if that is necessarily a prerequisite to do that but she should end up with it unless you have a storyline that doesn’t allow for that to happen.”
“The probably have that women’s show on October 28th kind of penciled in their heads and I’m not sure if when they did this that Charlotte Flair was in a really big match on that show. I don’t know against who, it might even be with Becky Lynch and that may even be the place where they do the change because it’s going to be a higher profile in some ways show.”
Only time will tell what WWE is going to do with Becky Lynch but considering the fact that she’s incredibly popular at least, WWE seems to be doing something with her because it’s got us talking about it here.
If you use our quotes credit Ringside News
John Cena Reveals 6th Move of Doom at WWE Event
WWE Possibly Planning “Work Horse Open Challenge”
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0032.json.gz/line1826723
|
__label__cc
| 0.680223
| 0.319777
|
Home » WWE News » Becky Lynch Jokes About Leaving Twitter After Bayley Hurt Her Feelings
Becky Lynch Jokes About Leaving Twitter After Bayley Hurt Her Feelings
by Felix Uptonon April 29, 2019 April 29, 2019 at 8:47 am
Becky Lynch has pretty tough skin. She can take a lot and she can dish it out as well. It turns out that she has a match against Bayley this week on SmackDown Live that could have already gotten personal.
The Hugger and The Man will square off on Tuesday, but they have already started firing shots over social media. This is the trend for many feuds before WWE will make them official.
As we previously reported, Becky Lynch suggested that she and Bayley have a “rough match.” The Hugger saw this and responded by saying:
Would love to. And I wouldn’t worry about “hurting my feelings”….especially over Twitter . Let’s just hope I don’t hurt your chances of retaining at MITB.
In what could have been a shot at Alexa Bliss when she said that she was taking a Twitter break only to remain on social media, The Man replied that Bayley hurt her feelings. Therefore The Man said she is taking a break from Twitter as well. It didn’t last long at all, but neither did Bliss’ break.
You hurt my feelings. I’m leaving Twitter. #bye
Becky Lynch obviously isn’t too excited about facing Charlotte Flair again at Money In The Bank. After all, she’s faced The Queen several times in the past. A match against Bayley would be a relatively fresh spin to take on Lynch’s story, especially as champion.
We will have to wait and see how things turn out on SmackDown Live, but Bayley sounds pretty determined to get her shot at Becky Lynch in one way or another.
Would love to. And I wouldn’t worry about “hurting my feelings”….especially over Twitter 🤦🏻♀️. Let’s just hope I don’t hurt your chances of retaining at MITB. https://t.co/A1SjO8eQdb
— Bayley (@itsBayleyWWE) April 28, 2019
You hurt my feelings. I’m leaving Twitter. #bye ✌️ https://t.co/KSctjAVwkT
— The Man (@BeckyLynchWWE) April 28, 2019
AEW Reportedly Locking Pentagon Jr & Fenix Into Exclusive Contracts
Corey Graves Opens Up About His Relationship With Carmella Going Public The Way It Did
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0032.json.gz/line1826724
|
__label__wiki
| 0.840931
| 0.840931
|
Home » WWE News » Finn Balor Says Previous WWE NXT Roster Had A Chip On Their Shoulders
Finn Balor Says Previous WWE NXT Roster Had A Chip On Their Shoulders
by H Jenkinson January 6, 2021 January 6, 2021 at 1:50 pm
WWE NXT has seen many Superstars go through their roster at this point. Finn Balor has a unique privilege of performing with two very different rosters on the same brand.
While speaking to WWE The Bump, the NXT Champion Finn Balor spoke about the differences between NXT now and five years ago. He said that the former roster had a chip on their shoulders as they were striving to prove themselves and carve out a spot for NXT as a third brand. Superstars in NXT today are enjoying the benefits for all those people who helped establish that place for NXT in WWE.
“It’s very different. That first one I very much felt like it was us against the world mentality. You know it was NXT up-and-coming trying to prove myself. It was me and Shinsuke Nakamura, Samoa Joe, Kevin Owens all trying to prove that we belonged in the WWE Universe, all with a chip on our shoulders.”
“I feel like NXT now thanks to people like Adam Cole and the people who are running it the show for the last two years. They really created their own identity and created NXT into it’s own unique brand and its own style of wrestling. I fee like years ago we were trying to make it our own brand, but guys like Gargano and Ciampa have established it as a true, unique third brand. It’s something that you need a totally different mindset and skillset to succeed in right now.”
Finn Balor will defend the NXT Title against Kyle O’Reilly at New Year’s Evil. Balor said he isn’t looking for a repeat of the last time, but now he knows the power O’Reilly holds. He will hopefully be able to avoid a broken jaw this time around as well.
Transcription by Ringside News
WWE Nixed Major NXT Superstar’s Main Roster Call-Up
Edge Reacts To NJPW Star’s Tribute To Him During Wrestle Kingdom
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0032.json.gz/line1826725
|
__label__cc
| 0.687892
| 0.312108
|
Impressionism > Work On Paper > Laurent Marcel Salinas
Untitled - Landscape 228
Laurent Marcel Salinas
Egyptian/French (1913–2010)
Watercolor on paper, signed
About The Artist: Laurent Marcel Salinas
Marcel Salinas was born in Alexandria in 1913 of a French mother and an Italian father. He received an education befitting a member of the cosmopolitan Alexandrian elite of which he was a member, traveling extensively and studying law in Aix-en-Provence. However, his real passion was painting, and early twentieth century Alexandria had a number of studios where a young person with artistic leanings could hone their talent under the guidance of...
About The Medium: Watercolor
A paint made with a water-soluble binder such as gum arabic, and thinned with water rather than oil, giving a transparent color.
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0032.json.gz/line1826729
|
__label__wiki
| 0.82398
| 0.82398
|
This 2019 photo shows the opening night of the 2019 Sidney Street Market as more than 150 vendors lined Beacon Avenue. Sidney’s chief administrative officer Randy Humble said it’s unlikely that the 2020 edition will look like the 2019 edition because of COVID-19. (Black Press Media file photo)
Peninsula markets on hold, could look radically different upon return
Sidney’s chief administrative officer says it is ‘unlikely’ market will go forward in familiar format
Apr. 3, 2020 5:30 a.m.
Sidney’s chief administrative officer says it is unlikely the town’s popular street market will proceed in its familiar form because of COVID-19.
“The EOC did previously recommend that the Sidney market be cancelled for June and July,” said Randy Humble, who currently serves as director of the emergency operations centre (EOC) as Sidney responds to the COVID-19 pandemic.
“The [planning] section of the EOC would monitor and revisit the issue every [four] weeks to make a determination regarding whether or not the [market] could proceed in August and, if so, in what format.”
This said, Humble also pointed out that health authorities have announced that outdoor farmer markets are permitted, provided they are limited to food vendors only.
The provincial government announced that all markets, street markets, night markets, Saturday markets or community markets must only allow vendors that sell food that those events. Vendors of non-food items and all other merchandise are prohibited to sell at these events.
Food vendors, said Humble, must follow all required health orders, including physical distancing requirements. “Based, upon this, the Town will discuss with the market operator the potential feasibility of significantly modified market (possibly starting in June) that is limited to vendors that sell fresh, locally grown produce only,” he said.
Such a market would likely not be on Beacon Avenue, but rather outdoors at another location that could accommodate vendors and ensure the required physical distancing requirements are met, said Humble.
RELATED: PHOTOS: Opening night of 20th Sidney Street Market draws thousands
The Sidney Street Market is scheduled to run every Thursday between June 4 to Aug. 27 from 5:30 to 8:30 p.m. on Beacon Avenue. The event celebrated its 20th anniversary last year and is advertised as the largest outdoor market on Vancouver Island, attracting between 3,000 and 5,000 people each week.
Elsewhere on the Saanich Peninsula, Marlene Hamer, market manager of Central Saanich’s Peninsula Country Market, welcomed the provincial announcement.
“Markets like ours have been deemed an ‘essential service,’ but only for vendors who sell food,” she said in a message to vendors.
“This really is good news because there were some markets in other parts of [British Columbia] being asked to shut down completely, but it’s been rightly recognized that allowing food vendors to keep setting up relieves the pressure [on] grocery stores and actually provides a slightly safer atmosphere with outdoor shopping.”
The market that usually runs at the Saanich Fairgrounds remains closed.
“If they were to re-open, the market will look very different amid COVID-19, as do our community’s grocery stores,” said Hamer.
“As it stands today, we would only be allowed 50 persons on-site including the vendors themselves, there would be increased hand-washing opportunities, there would be measures in place to ensure all persons keep two metres apart from each other, there would only be food vendors on site, and there would be no live music or gathering areas.”
Like us on Facebook and follow @wolfgang_depner
Victoria-hosted Francophone Games postponed until 2021
Oak Bay Beach Hotel now delivers groceries, meals
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0032.json.gz/line1826734
|
__label__cc
| 0.708863
| 0.291137
|
Subscribe for latest news, events and offers
Events, Workshops, Latest News, Offers – receive it all by signing up to our mailing list…
We use cookies to improve your experience of our website. Find out more.
William Scott Abbott Trust
Watermill and heritage
Sacrewell Farm Admissions
Playbarn
Corporate visits
Children’s Clubs
Farm Camp
Parties & Spaces Hire
Room and Spaces Hire
A new fitness regime for our ponies and donkeys
Posted on Thursday June 29th, 2017
The equine animals at Sacrewell have been a little bit spoiled in the past, but our Farm Assistant Amy has now taken their care in hand and, with advice from our vet and the Donkey Sanctuary, she’s given them a new fitness regime.
Overweight animals, like overweight humans, can be susceptible to long term health problems such as heart and lung conditions. Equine animals (horses, ponies, donkeys and zebras) which are overweight also become more susceptible to a condition called laminitis.
Laminitis is defined by World Horse Welfare as “a condition of the feet in which there is painful inflammation and weakening of the sensitive tissues (laminae) that bond the pedal bone (the main bone within the hoof) to the hoof wall.” It can cause extreme pain and makes it difficult for the animals to walk.
Our Shetland pony Tramp has had laminitis in the past, which means it is likely to come back again, so Amy has been taking special steps with him and Luna. It’s a two pronged attack involving a gradual restriction of their diet and a gradual increase in their exercise. They are now being taken for a daily walk around the farm, before which, if she has time, Amy gives the ponies a thorough grooming. This helps their circulation and warms up their muscles. You might also notice, if you’re a regular visitor, that the ponies are spending more time in the stables than in the paddock, as their access to the rich Cambridgeshire grass needs to be restricted. Amy is hoping to buy some small holed hay nets in the future so the ponies can have the constant access to food that their digestive system requires, but without the risk of them gorging themselves.
Donkeys can also suffer from laminitis, so there have been changes in the donkey paddock too. The animal team have set up a series of fences in what is known as a ‘paradise paddock’. By placing the food, water and shelter that the donkeys need at different points in the maze of fences, we can encourage them to get more exercise throughout the day. This system also provides the donkeys with mental stimulation as the fences can be moved from time to time to create a new, more challenging maze.
The donkeys haven’t been able to try their new paddock yet as Jolly Joules is under vet care for a foot injury and needs to stay in the stable. In the meantime, Amy has come up with healthy ways to keep them entertained such as tasty tree branches to nibble on and dingley dangley treats.
https://www.sacrewell.org.uk/site/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/donkeys-eating.mp4
https://www.thedonkeysanctuary.org.uk/
http://www.worldhorsewelfare.org/Laminitis
About Sacrewell
Explore food, farming and the beautiful Cambridgeshire countryside at Sacrewell farm
Camping at Sacrewell
If you’re after a room with a view, you’ll find it at Sacrewell, which overlooks some of the most beautiful countryside in Cambridgeshire
Become an annual pass holder
Our annual pass is great value for our regular visitors. Buy one and visit as often as you like in the next year.
The conservation of our award winning Grade II* listed watermill was supported with £1.4 million of Lottery funding.
In the news at Sacrewell
Our sandpit and Trec area are officially open!
What’s the most unusual food that an animal at the farm eats?
Can my daughter help look after the animals?
Picking Elderflower
How much milk does a cow produce each day on average?
Happy Outdoor Classroom Day!
Best Family Attraction Finalist
Do goats pass wind?
Times & Prices
Camping Booking
Sacrewell Farm
Thornhaugh,
Peterborough PE8 6HJ
office@sacrewell.org.uk
Site by Dare to Think
© 2021 Sacrewell Farm
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0032.json.gz/line1826736
|
__label__wiki
| 0.700118
| 0.700118
|
Tweet view basket
All Poetry Titles
Essays & Memoir
Poem of the Week Archive
Events/Gallery
Friends of Salmon
Price: €12.00 €6.00
Free Sex Chocolate - Poems and Songs
Publication Date: Thursday, April 15, 2010
Cover Artwork: rolled up magazines © Retroman - Fotolia.com
Free Sex Chocolate is a witty, irreverent, and highly original collection of poems and songs by Julian Gough. An acclaimed novelist, this is his first collection of poetry.
Julian Gough was born in London, to Tipperary parents. When he was seven, the family returned to Tipperary. He was educated by the Christian Brothers, back when throwing a boy across the room was considered healthful exercise for both parties. At university in Galway, he began writing and singing with the underground literary rock band Toasted Heretic. They released four albums, and had a top ten hit in Ireland in 1991 with 'Galway and Los Angeles', a song about not kissing Sinéad O'Connor.
His first novel, Juno & Juliet, was published in 2001. His second, Jude: Level 1, came six years later. Jude: Level 1 was described by the Sunday Tribune as possibly 'the finest comic novel since Flann O'Brien's The Third Policeman'. In the UK, it was shortlisted for the Everyman Wodehouse Prize for Comic Fiction. Will Self, controversially, won. Gough - understandably miffed - kidnapped Will Self's pig, and posted the ransom video on Youtube.
In 2007, his story 'The Orphan and the Mob' won the BBC National Short Story Prize -“ then the world's largest annual prize for a single short story.
He also wrote the first short story ever printed in the Financial Times, 'The Great Hargeisa Goat Bubble'. In 2009, 'The Great Hargeisa Goat Bubble' was broadcast as an acclaimed radio play on BBC Radio 4.
In early 2010, the Sunday Tribune chose Jude: Level 1 as their Irish Novel of the Decade.
His third novel, Jude in London, will be published by Old Street in September 2010.
Julian Gough discusses Free Sex Chocolate with Sean Rocks on RTE Radio 1's "Arena"- Listen to the interview here>>
Read a sample from this book
Copyright Approximately, Inc.
To the extent possible
we have attempted to contact
current content copyright holders
for permission to reprint
or otherwise reproduce
those texts which are reproduced
on Plagiarist.
Plagiarist considers
its incoming e-mail
as a public forum,
and all material,
binary data,
etcetera, etcetera,
sent to a Plagiarist.com
is the property of
Plagiarist.com.
Plagiarist may,
at its sole discretion,
publish any and all e-mail
sent to any Plagiarist address,
in whole or in part,
in perpetuity.
No delay or failure
to take action under
such terms and conditions
will constitute a waiver
by Plagiarist unless
expressly waived in writing
by a duly authorized
officer of Plagiarist
or Approximately, Inc.
Accordingly, you should
from time to time to
review the then-current
and effective
because they are binding on you.
Binding on you.
Like vines of the forest
All Plagiarist website design,
images, buttons, icons, scripts,
are copyrights of Plagiarist.
Don't steal our hard work.
Salmon Poetry / The Salmon Bookshop & Literary Centre
9 Parliament Street, Ennistymon, Co. Clare, Ireland
Email: info@salmonpoetry.com | Tel: + 353 (0)65 7081941
Copyright © Salmon Poetry, 1998-2021 | Terms & Conditions
website by solas web design
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0032.json.gz/line1826738
|
__label__wiki
| 0.818562
| 0.818562
|
HomeUSA News
White House cites social media, open-source outlets in US assessment of alleged Douma attack
14 Apr, 2018 04:04
White House Press Secretary Sarah Huckabee Sanders and new National Security Advisor John Bolton © Yuri Gripas © Reuters
Shortly after Trump announced strikes against Syria on Friday evening, the White House “assessed with confidence” that Damascus was behind the alleged gas attack in Douma – citing social media and “reliable intelligence.”
Douma ‘gas attack’ aftermath footage shows opposition groups moving victims’ bodies (GRAPHIC VIDEOS)
“A large body of information indicates that the Syrian regime used chemical weapons in the Duma area of East Ghutah, near Damascus, on April 7, 2018,” the White House assessment said. The report goes on to cite “reliable intelligence” as well as “social media users, non-governmental organizations, and other open-source outlets,” which implicate the Syrian government in the attack.
“Videos and images show the remnants of at least two chlorine barrel bombs from the attacks with features consistent with chlorine barrel bombs from past attacks. In addition, a large volume of high-resolution, reliable photos and video from Duma clearly documents victims suffering from asphyxiation and foaming at the mouth, with no visible signs of external wounds,” the assessment said, without providing details about the sources of the videos or images in question.
The assessment also includes a number of dubious claims, including that “the Syrian regime has repeatedly used chemical weapons to compensate for its lack of military manpower” – an allegation that doesn’t seem to fit the circumstances surrounding the Douma attack, as the Syrian army had essentially liberated all of Eastern Ghouta days before the alleged attack took place.
The White House also dismissed reports that Jaysh al-Islam, the militant group that was pulling out of Douma at the time of the attack, was behind the incident. “We have no information to suggest that this group has ever used chemical weapons,”
However, last year the group reportedly admitted to using banned weapons to attack Kurdish forces in Aleppo, shortly after reports emerged of a chlorine gas attack in the area. The group later clarified that it was referring to “modified Grad rockets,” and not chemical weapons.
Finally, the White House declared that it would be impossible for so many trusted news outlets to be duped by false reports about the alleged attack.
“It is unlikely that the opposition could fabricate this volume of media reports on regime chemical weapons use. Such a widespread fabrication would require a highly organized and compartmented campaign to deceive multiple media outlets while evading our detection,” the assessment stated.
Al-Qaeda’s MASH unit: How SAMS is selling regime change & driving US to war
DoD report confirms US contractors in Syria for 1st time under Trump administration
Sanctions on Russian billionaires trigger collapse of Swiss franc
Sky News cuts off top British general after he asks ‘Why would Syria launch a gas attack now?’
Pentagon says Syria strikes are 'one time shot' to send strong message to Assad
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0032.json.gz/line1826744
|
__label__wiki
| 0.637697
| 0.637697
|
OTHER SPECIAL EVENTS IN SAN FRANCISCO
Last Podcast On The Left
The Pump and Dump
Girls Gotta Eat
Neil DeGrasse Tyson Event homeCustomer reviews John CleeseLast Podcast On The LeftThe Pump and DumpGirls Gotta Eat
Closed October 14, 2019
DAVIES SYMPHONY HALL
Davies Symphony Hall Please selectVenue homeLocation and directionsPre-theatre diningOvernight accommodationSeating maps
201 Van Ness Ave, San Francisco, CA 94102
Sorry! You missed Neil DeGrasse Tyson at Davies Symphony Hall
Unfortunately, we don't have any information about upcoming performances of this show. Maybe we can interest you with something similar from the options below...
Follow the evidence wherever it leads, and question everything.
Alert me on return
Why See Neil DeGrasse Tyson?
Special EventsPublic Speaking
Expand your universe
As a highly popular and influential science advocate, Neil DeGrasse Tyson manages to capture audiences with his sometimes humorous and always informative insights into modern physics. A regular guest on The Daily Show, The Colbert Report and host of his own enduring radio show StarTalk, there is something of the entertainer about Tyson, continually inspiring generations old and new to take an interest in the universe around them.
Most recently, he has taken on the challenge of updating Carl Sagan's definitive 1980 television series 'Cosmos: A Personal Voyage' with 'Cosmos: A Spacetime Odyssey,' asking questions about the abyss of space.
Performance date: 14 October 2019
And before you stop reading
Images used are copyright of NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, By Bruce F Press, and By NASA/Bill Ingalls respectively
6 reviews, average rating: (3.8 Stars)
Laura Aschoff: “Fun for all ages!”
Fun for all ages! Our only negative is that the show did not go on long... more
Anonymous: “The Greatest Show on Asto-Turf”
Neil DeGrasse Tyson is great. His show is as entertaining and funny as... more
Sound good to you? Share this page on social media and let your friends know about Neil DeGrasse Tyson at Davies Symphony Hall.
Please note: The term Davies Symphony Hall and/or Neil DeGrasse Tyson as well as all associated graphics, logos, and/or other trademarks, tradenames or copyrights are the property of the Davies Symphony Hall and/or Neil DeGrasse Tyson and are used herein for factual descriptive purposes only. We are in no way associated with or authorized by the Davies Symphony Hall and/or Neil DeGrasse Tyson and neither that entity nor any of its affiliates have licensed or endorsed us to sell tickets, goods and or services in conjunction with their events.
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0032.json.gz/line1826746
|
__label__wiki
| 0.656827
| 0.656827
|
You are here: Home1 / News2 / Latest News3 / The Parts Alliance provide UK’s first autoparts vending machines
The Parts Alliance provide UK’s first autoparts vending machines
9 December 2015 /in Latest News /by The Parts Alliance
The Parts Alliance has launched new autoparts vending machines in partnership with the AA. The machines are designed to provide the UK’s biggest breakdown provider with access to parts on the road, 24 hours a day. The PartVend concept is being piloted in a number of strategic locations, with the machines electronically linked so Parts Alliance members can tell instantly which products are being used and when to replenish the stock.
Mike Curry, sales director national accounts for the Parts Alliance said: “Early results are very positive and we hope to ramp up the number of locations significantly and pretty quickly. The vending machines not only allow access to stock out of normal hours but also mean we can get product closer to AA patrols in areas where we currently don’t have branches.” A typical stock item is a battery, the AA patrol gaining access using a secure key code.
Curry added: “It’s another way of extending our reach and increases the number of locations where the AA can quickly pick up parts if they haven’t got them on the van.
“They get what they need, the beleaguered motorist is back on the road more quickly and we have a sale. It’s a win for everyone.”
Peter Sephton, chief executive of The Parts Alliance, said:
“The PartVend vending concept is a world industry first and contributes to our position as a technology leader in the distribution of auto parts in Europe.”
“It integrates with our class leading electronic catalogue and our Parts Alliance Reporting and Compliance tool, , that allows our customers to gain full traceability of their parts in the supply chain.”
The Parts Alliance is the UK and Ireland’s largest group of wholly owned and franchised businesses supplying OE and matching quality autoparts to national and independent garages and workshops. The AA’s patrols attend an average 10,000 breakdowns every day across the UK.
Curry added: “It’s thanks to building up very strong relationships with major companies, and working closely with them, that when we propose innovative concepts they are amenable to them. Having completed the feasibility study we will work with the AA to identify exactly where and how many of these vending machines are needed.”
https://www.sasautoparts.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/the-parts-alliance-provide-uks-first-autoparts-vending-machines.gif 800 1200 The Parts Alliance https://www.sasautoparts.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/sas-logo.png The Parts Alliance2015-12-09 16:49:212015-12-09 16:49:21The Parts Alliance provide UK’s first autoparts vending machines
New and improved DriveTec oil range
Parts Alliance members celebrate Christmas Jumper Day!
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0032.json.gz/line1826749
|
__label__wiki
| 0.54274
| 0.54274
|
Explore by Artist
Indigenous ArtistsNew YorkWest
Jeffrey Gibson, ‘Nothing is Eternal,’ American flag video wrapping up in New York, Bay Area and online
By Chadd ScottPosted on November 16, 2020 November 15, 2020 0 Comments
Still from Jeffrey Gibson's 'Nothing is Eternal,' 2020. Courtesy of the artist and Sikkema Jenkins & Co.
Jeffrey Gibson presents Nothing is Eternal, a newly commissioned video with musical composition. Conceived during this pandemic era, the immersive video work depicts the American flag in unsettling stillness, as a marker of territory, and projected onto bodies, while set to a heartrending soundtrack. At once melancholic and beautiful, Gibson renders the iconic image of the flag as both elastic and unyielding. The slow transformation through time, color, and form reflects both a distillation of our social collapse and the reinvention of self and community, referencing the movement and change that is so desired for this nation.
The first exhibition from the Wattis Institute since it closed in March due to COVID–19, “Jeffrey Gibson: Nothing is Eternal” is a hybrid, part in-person, part online exhibition that circumvents traditional institutional barriers with screenings outside the physical space of the Wattis Institute.
Nothing is Eternal belongs to no one and everyone, a video that moves through the Bay Area and beyond like water, slow and stretched across time. It appears in multiple locations simultaneously or in one for a while. It is, like the rest of us, ungrounded and melancholic and it is, like this time, irresolute.
It embodies the contradiction of emotions that pervade our lives, yesterday as much as today, as we head towards an uncertain future. The work posits hope as much as it evinces a sense of mourning. Gibson asks viewers to imagine a destiny beyond our comprehension, on a pathway paved with both tremendous love and immense sorrow.
The work is as best a response that could be formed to address the violence of institutional timelines, of expectations that remain unreasonable and unsustainable, of a world in crisis, and of living in late capitalism, a train that continues to move with or without its passengers. It is produced through the care and love of many people on each coast, through numerous tears, and under extraordinary, demoralizing conditions.
Reopening should not be a return. There is no request to come back to the institution the way it was. This is an invitation to look outwards, to decenter ourselves, and to conceive of another day, elsewhere.
“Nothing is Eternal tracks my impulses during this time,” says Jeffrey Gibson, who began working on the video at the beginning of the COVID–19 pandemic, amidst global uncertainty; the unjust police killings of Breonna Taylor, George Floyd, and many other Black individuals; and the growing unrest and division in the United States. “My attempts to stabilize myself, to see myself, to see others, to feel, and to try and focus and not lose sight that there is a future on the other side of this particular moment. The challenge is to not hold on too tight, to not retreat into our past habits and comfort zones, and to allow change to happen even if it makes us feel destabilized and uncomfortable.”
Schedule of screenings and events:
November 13 – November 20:
New York City – every night at 8:00 pm outdoor screenings on Bowery and Houston, organized in partnership with Art at a Time Like This and For Which It Stands. Free.
October 30 – December 12:
Online viewing at the Wattis Institutes’ homepage.
December 3 – December 11:
944 Simmonds Road, Sausalito, CA – every Thursday and Friday, 5 pm – 7:00 pm outdoor screenings at Headlands Center for the Arts. Free. Attendees must wear a mask and book a 25-minute viewing slot in advance.
About Jeffrey Gibson
Jeffrey Gibson (b. 1972, Colorado, U.S.) combines Native American traditions with the visual languages of Modernism to explore the contemporary confluence of personal identity, culture, history, and international social narratives.
Gibson is a member of the Chocktaw and Cherokee nations.
Gibson’s pieces range from garments and sculptural objects to paintings and video and often involve intricately detailed and technically demanding handwork using materials such as beads, metal jingles, fringe, and deer and elk hide. Mixed with references from popular culture, queer iconography, and contemporary political issues, the materials take on a different meaning while also calling into question the line distinguishing contemporary art from traditional modes of cultural production.
Indigenous artJeffrey Gibsonvideo art
Times Square Arts and For Freedoms Look to the Future with New Public Art Campaign
Denver Art Museum Bringing ‘Senga Nengudi: Topologies’ to U.S. Audiences
‘Women to the Fore’ this fall at Hudson River Museum
Think you know Abstract Expressionism? Do you know Herbert Gentry?
‘Kristi Hager: Equal: A Work in Progress’ Now on View at Missoula Art Museum
‘Internal Riot,’ New Paintings by George Condo, Headed to Hauser & Worth
seegreatart
Chadd Scott takes you to where the art is. Join him as he travels from big city museums to small town galleries in search of great art.
Selections on view in @wolfsonian’s POWERFUL “
@noc167 (Melvin Samuels) at @museumofgraffiti in M
“The Real Surreal” exhibition curated by @marc
What have I missed most about visiting art museums
Sneak peak of new exhibition at @cummermuseum cele
Born on this day in 1856, John Singer Sargent. W
‘Mama Bush II, Keep the Home Fires Burnin,’’
@teresita.fernandez from @lehmannmaupin ‘Solariu
Earl Biss Documentary
Art Dealer Diaries Podcast
College Towns
Imbibing
Northeast Fla & Southeast Ga
US – Midwest
US – South
US – West
Tweets by SeeGreatArt
Copyrights © 2020 Chadd Scott LLC. All Rights Reserved.
Time running out to see Derrick Adams ‘Buoyant’ at MFA, St. Petersburg
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0032.json.gz/line1826751
|
__label__cc
| 0.571822
| 0.428178
|
Global Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Market Research Report with Opportunities and Strategies to Boost Growth- COVID-19 Impact and Recovery
Based on the Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) market development status, competitive landscape and development model in different regions of the world, this report is dedicated to providing niche markets, potential risks and comprehensive competitive strategy analysis in different fields. From the competitive advantages of different types of products and services, the development opportunities and consumption characteristics and structure analysis of the downstream application fields are all analyzed in detail. To Boost Growth during the epidemic era, this report analyzes in detail for the potential risks and opportunities which can be focused on.
Key players in the global Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) market covered in Chapter 5:
Shimadzu Corporation
In Chapter 6, on the basis of types, the Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) market from 2015 to 2025 is primarily split into:
Single Quadrupole LC-MS
Triple Quadrupole LC-MS
Ion Trap LC-MS
In Chapter 7, on the basis of applications, the Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) market from 2015 to 2025 covers:
Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Industry
Hospital and Research Laboratories
Academic and Research Institutes
1.2 Global Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Market Size
5.1.1 Thermo Fisher Scientific Company Profile
5.1.2 Thermo Fisher Scientific Business Overview
5.1.3 Thermo Fisher Scientific Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Sales, Revenue, Average Selling Price and Gross Margin (2015-2020)
5.1.4 Thermo Fisher Scientific Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Products Introduction
5.2 Agilent Technologies
5.2.1 Agilent Technologies Company Profile
5.2.2 Agilent Technologies Business Overview
5.2.3 Agilent Technologies Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Sales, Revenue, Average Selling Price and Gross Margin (2015-2020)
5.2.4 Agilent Technologies Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Products Introduction
5.3 Bruker Corporation
5.3.1 Bruker Corporation Company Profile
5.3.2 Bruker Corporation Business Overview
5.3.3 Bruker Corporation Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Sales, Revenue, Average Selling Price and Gross Margin (2015-2020)
5.3.4 Bruker Corporation Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Products Introduction
5.4 Shimadzu Corporation
5.4.1 Shimadzu Corporation Company Profile
5.4.2 Shimadzu Corporation Business Overview
5.4.3 Shimadzu Corporation Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Sales, Revenue, Average Selling Price and Gross Margin (2015-2020)
5.4.4 Shimadzu Corporation Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Products Introduction
5.5 Waters Corporation
5.5.1 Waters Corporation Company Profile
5.5.2 Waters Corporation Business Overview
5.5.3 Waters Corporation Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Sales, Revenue, Average Selling Price and Gross Margin (2015-2020)
5.5.4 Waters Corporation Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Products Introduction
6.1 Global Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Sales, Revenue and Market Share by Types (2015-2020)
6.1.1 Global Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Sales and Market Share by Types (2015-2020)
6.1.2 Global Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Revenue and Market Share by Types (2015-2020)
6.1.3 Global Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Price by Types (2015-2020)
6.2 Global Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Market Forecast by Types (2020-2025)
6.2.1 Global Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Market Forecast Sales and Market Share by Types (2020-2025)
6.2.2 Global Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Market Forecast Revenue and Market Share by Types (2020-2025)
6.3 Global Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Sales, Price and Growth Rate by Types (2015-2020)
6.3.1 Global Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Sales, Price and Growth Rate of Single Quadrupole LC-MS
6.3.2 Global Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Sales, Price and Growth Rate of Triple Quadrupole LC-MS
6.3.3 Global Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Sales, Price and Growth Rate of Ion Trap LC-MS
6.4 Global Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Market Revenue and Sales Forecast, by Types (2020-2025)
6.4.1 Single Quadrupole LC-MS Market Revenue and Sales Forecast (2020-2025)
6.4.2 Triple Quadrupole LC-MS Market Revenue and Sales Forecast (2020-2025)
6.4.3 Ion Trap LC-MS Market Revenue and Sales Forecast (2020-2025)
7.1 Global Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Sales, Revenue and Market Share by Applications (2015-2020)
7.1.1 Global Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Sales and Market Share by Applications (2015-2020)
7.1.2 Global Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Revenue and Market Share by Applications (2015-2020)
7.2 Global Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Market Forecast by Applications (2020-2025)
7.2.1 Global Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Market Forecast Sales and Market Share by Applications (2020-2025)
7.2.2 Global Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Market Forecast Revenue and Market Share by Applications (2020-2025)
7.3.1 Global Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Revenue, Sales and Growth Rate of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Industry (2015-2020)
7.3.2 Global Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Revenue, Sales and Growth Rate of Hospital and Research Laboratories (2015-2020)
7.3.3 Global Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Revenue, Sales and Growth Rate of Academic and Research Institutes (2015-2020)
7.4 Global Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Market Revenue and Sales Forecast, by Applications (2020-2025)
7.4.1 Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Industry Market Revenue and Sales Forecast (2020-2025)
7.4.2 Hospital and Research Laboratories Market Revenue and Sales Forecast (2020-2025)
7.4.3 Academic and Research Institutes Market Revenue and Sales Forecast (2020-2025)
8.1 Global Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Sales by Regions (2015-2020)
8.2 Global Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Market Revenue by Regions (2015-2020)
8.3 Global Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Market Forecast by Regions (2020-2025)
9 North America Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Market Analysis
9.2 North America Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Market Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
9.3 North America Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Market Revenue and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
9.4 North America Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Market Forecast
9.6 North America Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Market Analysis by Country
9.6.1 U.S. Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Sales and Growth Rate
9.6.2 Canada Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Sales and Growth Rate
9.6.3 Mexico Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Sales and Growth Rate
10 Europe Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Market Analysis
10.2 Europe Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Market Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
10.3 Europe Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Market Revenue and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
10.4 Europe Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Market Forecast
10.6 Europe Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Market Analysis by Country
10.6.1 Germany Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Sales and Growth Rate
10.6.2 United Kingdom Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Sales and Growth Rate
10.6.3 France Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Sales and Growth Rate
10.6.4 Italy Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Sales and Growth Rate
10.6.5 Spain Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Sales and Growth Rate
10.6.6 Russia Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Sales and Growth Rate
11 Asia-Pacific Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Market Analysis
11.2 Asia-Pacific Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Market Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
11.3 Asia-Pacific Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Market Revenue and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
11.4 Asia-Pacific Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Market Forecast
11.6 Asia-Pacific Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Market Analysis by Country
11.6.1 China Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Sales and Growth Rate
11.6.2 Japan Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Sales and Growth Rate
11.6.3 South Korea Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Sales and Growth Rate
11.6.4 Australia Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Sales and Growth Rate
11.6.5 India Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Sales and Growth Rate
12 South America Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Market Analysis
12.2 South America Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Market Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
12.3 South America Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Market Revenue and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
12.4 South America Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Market Forecast
12.6 South America Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Market Analysis by Country
12.6.1 Brazil Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Sales and Growth Rate
12.6.2 Argentina Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Sales and Growth Rate
12.6.3 Columbia Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Sales and Growth Rate
13 Middle East and Africa Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Market Analysis
13.2 Middle East and Africa Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Market Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
13.3 Middle East and Africa Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Market Revenue and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
13.4 Middle East and Africa Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Market Forecast
13.6 Middle East and Africa Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Market Analysis by Country
13.6.1 UAE Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Sales and Growth Rate
13.6.2 Egypt Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Sales and Growth Rate
13.6.3 South Africa Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Sales and Growth Rate
Figure Global Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Market Size and Growth Rate 2015-2025
Table Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Key Market Segments
Figure Global Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Market Revenue ($) Segment by Type from 2015-2020
Figure Global Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Market Revenue ($) Segment by Applications from 2015-2020
Table Major Players Headquarters, and Service Area of Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS)
Table Thermo Fisher Scientific Company Profile
Table Thermo Fisher Scientific Sales, Revenue (US$ Million), Average Selling Price and Gross Margin (2015-2020)
Figure Thermo Fisher Scientific Production and Growth Rate
Figure Thermo Fisher Scientific Market Revenue ($) Market Share 2015-2020
Table Agilent Technologies Company Profile
Table Agilent Technologies Sales, Revenue (US$ Million), Average Selling Price and Gross Margin (2015-2020)
Figure Agilent Technologies Production and Growth Rate
Figure Agilent Technologies Market Revenue ($) Market Share 2015-2020
Table Bruker Corporation Company Profile
Table Bruker Corporation Sales, Revenue (US$ Million), Average Selling Price and Gross Margin (2015-2020)
Figure Bruker Corporation Production and Growth Rate
Figure Bruker Corporation Market Revenue ($) Market Share 2015-2020
Table Shimadzu Corporation Company Profile
Table Shimadzu Corporation Sales, Revenue (US$ Million), Average Selling Price and Gross Margin (2015-2020)
Figure Shimadzu Corporation Production and Growth Rate
Figure Shimadzu Corporation Market Revenue ($) Market Share 2015-2020
Table Waters Corporation Company Profile
Table Waters Corporation Sales, Revenue (US$ Million), Average Selling Price and Gross Margin (2015-2020)
Figure Waters Corporation Production and Growth Rate
Figure Waters Corporation Market Revenue ($) Market Share 2015-2020
Table Global Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Sales by Types (2015-2020)
Table Global Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Sales Share by Types (2015-2020)
Table Global Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Revenue ($) by Types (2015-2020)
Table Global Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Revenue Share by Types (2015-2020)
Table Global Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Price ($) by Types (2015-2020)
Table Global Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Market Forecast Sales by Types (2020-2025)
Table Global Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Market Forecast Sales Share by Types (2020-2025)
Table Global Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Market Forecast Revenue ($) by Types (2020-2025)
Table Global Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Market Forecast Revenue Share by Types (2020-2025)
Figure Global Single Quadrupole LC-MS Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure Global Single Quadrupole LC-MS Price (2015-2020)
Figure Global Triple Quadrupole LC-MS Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure Global Triple Quadrupole LC-MS Price (2015-2020)
Figure Global Ion Trap LC-MS Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure Global Ion Trap LC-MS Price (2015-2020)
Figure Global Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Market Revenue ($) and Growth Rate Forecast of Single Quadrupole LC-MS (2020-2025)
Figure Global Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Sales and Growth Rate Forecast of Single Quadrupole LC-MS (2020-2025)
Figure Global Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Market Revenue ($) and Growth Rate Forecast of Triple Quadrupole LC-MS (2020-2025)
Figure Global Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Sales and Growth Rate Forecast of Triple Quadrupole LC-MS (2020-2025)
Figure Global Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Market Revenue ($) and Growth Rate Forecast of Ion Trap LC-MS (2020-2025)
Figure Global Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Sales and Growth Rate Forecast of Ion Trap LC-MS (2020-2025)
Table Global Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Sales by Applications (2015-2020)
Table Global Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Sales Share by Applications (2015-2020)
Table Global Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Revenue ($) by Applications (2015-2020)
Table Global Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Revenue Share by Applications (2015-2020)
Table Global Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Market Forecast Sales by Applications (2020-2025)
Table Global Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Market Forecast Sales Share by Applications (2020-2025)
Table Global Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Market Forecast Revenue ($) by Applications (2020-2025)
Table Global Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Market Forecast Revenue Share by Applications (2020-2025)
Figure Global Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Industry Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure Global Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Industry Price (2015-2020)
Figure Global Hospital and Research Laboratories Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure Global Hospital and Research Laboratories Price (2015-2020)
Figure Global Academic and Research Institutes Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure Global Academic and Research Institutes Price (2015-2020)
Figure Global Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Market Revenue ($) and Growth Rate Forecast of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Industry (2020-2025)
Figure Global Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Sales and Growth Rate Forecast of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Industry (2020-2025)
Figure Global Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Market Revenue ($) and Growth Rate Forecast of Hospital and Research Laboratories (2020-2025)
Figure Global Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Sales and Growth Rate Forecast of Hospital and Research Laboratories (2020-2025)
Figure Global Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Market Revenue ($) and Growth Rate Forecast of Academic and Research Institutes (2020-2025)
Figure Global Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Sales and Growth Rate Forecast of Academic and Research Institutes (2020-2025)
Figure Global Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Table Global Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Sales by Regions (2015-2020)
Table Global Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Sales Market Share by Regions (2015-2020)
Figure Global Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Sales Market Share by Regions in 2019
Figure Global Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Revenue and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Table Global Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Revenue by Regions (2015-2020)
Table Global Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Revenue Market Share by Regions (2015-2020)
Figure Global Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Revenue Market Share by Regions in 2019
Table Global Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Market Forecast Sales by Regions (2020-2025)
Table Global Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Market Forecast Sales Share by Regions (2020-2025)
Table Global Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Market Forecast Revenue ($) by Regions (2020-2025)
Table Global Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Market Forecast Revenue Share by Regions (2020-2025)
Figure North America Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Market Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure North America Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Market Revenue and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure North America Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Market Forecast Sales (2020-2025)
Figure North America Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Market Forecast Revenue ($) (2020-2025)
Figure U.S. Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Market Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure Canada Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Market Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure Mexico Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Market Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure Europe Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Market Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure Europe Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Market Revenue and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure Europe Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Market Forecast Sales (2020-2025)
Figure Europe Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Market Forecast Revenue ($) (2020-2025)
Figure Germany Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Market Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure United Kingdom Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Market Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure France Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Market Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure Italy Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Market Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure Spain Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Market Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure Russia Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Market Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure Asia-Pacific Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Market Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure Asia-Pacific Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Market Revenue and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure Asia-Pacific Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Market Forecast Sales (2020-2025)
Figure Asia-Pacific Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Market Forecast Revenue ($) (2020-2025)
Figure China Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Market Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure Japan Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Market Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure South Korea Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Market Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure Australia Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Market Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure India Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Market Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure South America Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Market Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure South America Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Market Revenue and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure South America Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Market Forecast Sales (2020-2025)
Figure South America Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Market Forecast Revenue ($) (2020-2025)
Figure Brazil Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Market Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure Argentina Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Market Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure Columbia Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Market Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure Middle East and Africa Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Market Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure Middle East and Africa Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Market Revenue and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure Middle East and Africa Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Market Forecast Sales (2020-2025)
Figure Middle East and Africa Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Market Forecast Revenue ($) (2020-2025)
Figure UAE Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Market Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure Egypt Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Market Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure South Africa Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Market Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Global Liquid Chromatography and Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Market Research Report 2020
COVID-19 Impact on Global Liquid Chromatography and Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Market Insights, Forecast to 2026
Liquid Chromatography and Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry market is segmented by Type, and by Application. Players, stakeholders, and other participants in the global Liquid Chromatography and Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry market wi...
Global Gas Chromatography, Liquid Chromatography, Mass Spectrometry and Spectroscopy Instruments Market 2020 by Manufacturers, Regions, Type and Application, Forecast to 2025
Summary Market Overview The global Gas Chromatography, Liquid Chromatography, Mass Spectrometry and Spectroscopy Instruments market size is expected to gain market growth in the forecast period of 2020 to 2025, with a CAGR of xx...
Global Gas Chromatography, Liquid Chromatography, Mass Spectrometry and Spectroscopy Instruments Market Research Report 2020
Chromatographic Instruments is used to separate chemical substances to determine their content or to prepare them for further testing. Chromatography instruments are applied in oil refineries and on space vehicles to analyze atmospheres on other plan...
Global Gas Chromatography, Liquid Chromatography, Mass Spectrometry and Spectroscopy Instruments Market Growth 2020-2025
According to this study, over the next five years the Gas Chromatography, Liquid Chromatography, Mass Spectrometry and Spectroscopy Instruments market will register a xx%% CAGR in terms of revenue, the global market size will reach $ xx million by 20...
2020-2025 Global and Regional Gas Chromatography, Liquid Chromatography, Mass Spectrometry and Spectroscopy Instruments Industry Production, Sales and Consumption Status and Prospects Professional Market Research Report
HNY Research projects that the Gas Chromatography, Liquid Chromatography, Mass Spectrometry and Spectroscopy Instruments market size will grow from XXX in 2019 to XXX by 2025, at an estimated CAGR of XX. The base year considered for the study is 2019...
Global Gas Chromatography, Liquid Chromatography, Mass Spectrometry and Spectroscopy Instruments Market Insights, Forecast to 2026
Gas Chromatography, Liquid Chromatography, Mass Spectrometry and Spectroscopy Instruments Market Insights 2019, Global and Chinese Analysis and Forecast to 2024
Gas Chromatography, Liquid Chromatography, Mass Spectrometry and Spectroscopy Instruments Market Insights 2019, Global and Chinese Scenario is a professional and in-depth study on the current state of the global Gas Chromatography, Liquid Chromatogra...
2014-2029 Report on Global Gas Chromatography, Liquid Chromatography, Mass Spectrometry and Spectroscopy Instruments Market by Player, Region, Type, Application and Sales Channel
The global Gas Chromatography, Liquid Chromatography, Mass Spectrometry and Spectroscopy Instruments market was valued at $XX million in 2019, and MAResearch analysts predict the global market size will reach $XX million by the end of 2029, growing a...
Global Gas Chromatography, Liquid Chromatography, Mass Spectrometry and Spectroscopy Instruments Market Size, Manufacturers, Supply Chain, Sales Channel and Clients, 2020-2026
Gas Chromatography, Liquid Chromatography, Mass Spectrometry and Spectroscopy Instruments market is segmented by region, by country, company, type, application and by sales channels. Players, stakeholders, and other participants in the global Gas Chr...
Covid-19 Impact on Global Gas Chromatography, Liquid Chromatography, Mass Spectrometry and Spectroscopy Instruments Industry Research Report 2020 Segmented by Major Market Players, Types, Applications and Countries Forecast to 2026
The research team projects that the Gas Chromatography, Liquid Chromatography, Mass Spectrometry and Spectroscopy Instruments market size will grow from XXX in 2019 to XXX by 2026, at an estimated CAGR of XX. The base year considered for the study is...
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0032.json.gz/line1826755
|
__label__wiki
| 0.591011
| 0.591011
|
Breakthrough “NeXt Metering” Solar Policy Announced in Maine
Legislation & Policy | February 25, 2016 | Posted by Fred Greenhalgh | 5 Comments
Maine has lacked any state-level policies to support solar since 2010, when a clerical error resulted in the elimination of the State’s rebate program for solar. Since then, solar advocates have worked tirelessly to come up with policy that allows the Pine Tree state to benefit from solar’s undeniable benefits: growth in the economy, improved independence for solar producers, economic and environmental benefits for all ratepayers.
Despite legislative headwinds, Maine’s solar industry has continued to grow steadily thanks to rapidly declining costs and the innovation and dogged efforts of its workforce. Now, a new legislative proposal offers a fresh path forward for Maine’s solar industry.
Among many provisions, the bill’s most exciting things:
Calls for 250MW of solar to be installed over the next five years, 12.5x what we have today!
Makes solar much more attractive to commercial and industrial, utility, and large-scale solar installations where current economics don’t really work.
Eliminates the cap on community solar farms and provides framework for significant growth of CSFs.
Preserves net metering for existing customers and keeps it as a fallback should there be problems with the new policy.
Allows nearly every ratepayer in Maine to participate in solar by introducing the “Solar offer,” a way for regular ratepayers to pay a premium on the green benefits of solar power (purchased through the new system) and use that revenue to support the development of new solar projects.
We are grateful to a number of partners including Maine’s public advocate, Tim Schneider, Freeport Representative Sara Gideon, Environmental Groups like NRCM, CLF and Maine Conservation Alliance, as we now have a chance to get serious solar policy in place for Maine.
A bit more information on the policy at: http://www.nrcm.org/blogs-of-nrcm/breakthrough-for-solar-power-in-maine/
How NeXt Metering Would Work
Under the proposed legislation, producers of solar would be compensated by flat per-kilowatt-hour rates (determined by the PUC, based on a complex framework defined in the legislation) rather than being pegged to the retail rate for electricity. Solar customers, large and small, would enter into 20-year contracts with an entity called the “Standard Buyer,” whose job would be to aggregate the solar fleet built under this new proposal and derive the greatest benefit for all ratepayers from that fleet.
For example, a residential customer would agree to sell all of the excess solar generation (e.g. everything they do not consume on site) for a known quantity per kilowatt-hour, ensuring a very predictable financial model for the project. The same would be true of large-scale projects, which is especially beneficial for this segment since larger businesses typically pay smaller per-kilowatt hour rates in exchange for higher ‘demand charges’ on their bill. The rates are all determined on a set of metrics that aims to get 250MW of solar built in the next five years, forcing the solar compensation to be competitive.
For a residential customer, it would not look much different than today’s net metering. One nice advantage of the new system would be that bill credits are monetary (not based on kilowatt-hours) so they could be applied to all portions of the bill, including the fixed overhead fee to keep one’s account open with the utility company. Existing solar customers could opt to keep retail net metering through 2029.
Restoring Maine’s Leadership
As we’ve remarked previously, utilities are fighting hard against net metering across the United States (with a few notable exceptions such as Green Mountain Power in VT, who are embracing rather than fighting renewable energy).
With the extension of the 26% federal solar tax credit, solar is on track to continue its exponential growth. Already, in 2015 solar beat out natural gas as the #1 source of new electricity generation added to the grid.
In Maine, the rate of solar adoption lags behind our New England neighbors and the rest of the nation. This new solar policy presents an opportunity to change this – a policy that navigates a tricky compromise between a wide range of interests including utilities, environmental groups, labor unions, municipal and education groups, and the Public Advocate’s office.
We’re proud that Maine has an opportunity to restore our reputation as a state of independent, free (and forward) thinking problem solvers. Utilities are aware that rooftop solar is not going anywhere and, given the reality of Maine politics, this proposal is the best new solar policy we’re going to have in the foreseeable future.
The New Bill’s Journey Through the Legislature
This new policy framework was announced on Thursday, February 25, 2016. The first step is for the bill to get a hearing from the Energy, Utilities, and Technology Committee which we expect will happen around the first week of March. We expect that hearing to be an epic one – Maine’s solar coalition hopes to speak in favor of the bill in a singular voice, including homeowners of many walks of life, faith groups, municipalities, and most of the solar installers in the state.
We hope the Committee will progress the bill through to a floor vote, and should the bill pass the Legislature we expect it will be vetoed by the Governor, and then face a veto-override vote. If it gets that far, it will become law!
Given the stakes, we encourage everyone who cares about solar in Maine to voice their support of the new solar policy to their legislators.
Contact your Maine state senator and representative(s) – Look up your legislator here, also send a note to the members of Maine’s Energy, Utilities and Technology Committee
Contact the press – writing a heart felt letter to the editor can be quite powerful
Speak in defense of the bill when it has its hearing in Maine’s state house. We expect the bill to have its hearing no earlier than the 1st week of March. Details to come!
What About Net Metering?
We have and will continue to vigorously defend net metering as a simple, effective, and fair policy, which has been shown (thanks to Maine’s Value of Solar Study) to be a benefit to all Maine ratepayers. This policy was crafted with a ‘do no harm’ philosophy, meaning, the new policy should be at least as good a deal as current net metering for consumers, while also offering benefits for new solar market segments, such as commercial and industrial solar and large-scale solar farms. We also like that the value of solar is more transparent under “neXt metering.”
Any prospective solar customer who wants net metering should get the process started such that their system comes along during the phase where (assuming this new policy is passed) they would qualify to be grandfathered in under current net metering rules. Anyone who has an existing net metered system will have the option to re-enroll under the new program, which may be more attractive than current retail net metering.
Vaughan Woodruff says:
Great job on this Fred.
James Johnston says:
Let’s all pull together and get this done while the sun shines on it!!
Charles watson says:
So, the P.U.C sets the rate I get paid for every killawatt I put into the grid? What could go wrong?
This legislation looks good if you want to develop a solar farm but not so good if you are a home owner.
I would like to see net metering be a permanent part of this legislation,it’s the only fair way I see home solar getting fairly compensated .
revisionenergy says:
Charles, we share some of your reservations, and only got on-board with this legislation after seeing sufficient safeguards put into the legislation to protect the economics of solar for residential customers. Believe us, residential solar is the core of our business, if this wasn’t the best option for small residential solar customers, we wouldn’t be behind it. For example, one of the provisions is that any rates suggested by the PUC need to be positively approved by the Legislature, so the PUC can’t unilaterally kill the economics of solar. If rates are set too low, they will be bumped up, and based on the policy’s goal to result in a certain # of solar KW, then the rate cannot be set too without triggering these mechanisms to improve the rate. And if it is a total failure, we revert back to net metering.
If this policy fails, the PUC will be reviewing net metering on their own with no guidance in the next 12-18 months, in which case what they come up with may be a lot worse than either the status quo or LD1649.
Overall I support the legislation , can you post a link to the actual document ?
So,what can I do to help move this legislation into law?
I have a 7.2 kW system at stake.
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0032.json.gz/line1826757
|
__label__wiki
| 0.649326
| 0.649326
|
Home > Chemistry > News Articles
Beware Honey: This Natural Compound In It Alters Hundreds Of Brain Genes
By News Staff | April 22nd 2016 08:54 AM | Print | E-mail
A range of diseases -- from diabetes to cardiovascular disease, and from Alzheimer's disease to attention deficit hyperactivity disorder -- are linked to changes to genes in the brain, and a new study has found that hundreds of those genes can be damaged by fructose, prevalent in foods like honey.
How did they determine that? Researchers trained rats to escape from a maze, and then randomly divided the animals into three groups. For the next six weeks, one group of rats drank water with an amount of fructose that would be roughly equivalent to a person drinking a liter of soda per day. The second group was given fructose water and a diet rich in DHA. The third received water without fructose and no DHA.
After the six weeks, the rats were put through the maze again. The animals that had been given only the fructose navigated the maze about half as fast than the rats that drank only water -- indicating that the fructose diet had impaired their memory. The rats that had been given fructose and DHA, however, showed very similar results to those that only drank water -- which strongly suggests that the DHA eliminated fructose's harmful effects.
Other tests on the rats revealed more major differences: The rats receiving a high-fructose diet had much higher blood glucose, triglycerides and insulin levels than the other two groups. Those results are significant because in humans, elevated glucose, triglycerides and insulin are linked to obesity, diabetes and many other diseases.
The research team sequenced more than 20,000 genes in the rats' brains, and identified more than 700 genes in the hypothalamus (the brain's major metabolic control center) and more than 200 genes in the hippocampus (which helps regulate learning and memory) that were altered by the fructose. The altered genes they identified, the vast majority of which are comparable to genes in humans, are among those that interact to regulate metabolism, cell communication and inflammation.
Of the 900 genes they identified, the researchers found that two in particular, called Bgn and Fmod, appear to be among the first genes in the brain that are affected by fructose. Once those genes are altered, they can set off a cascade effect that eventually alters hundreds of others, Yang said.
There may be a remedy: An omega-3 fatty acid known as docosahexaenoic acid, or DHA, seems to reverse the harmful changes produced by fructose.
"DHA changes not just one or two genes; it seems to push the entire gene pattern back to normal, which is remarkable," said Xia Yang, a senior author of the study and a UCLA assistant professor of integrative biology and physiology. "And we can see why it has such a powerful effect."
Xia Yang and Fernando Gomez-Pinilla observed the remarkable finding that after genes are altered by fructose, DHA seems to push the entire gene pattern back to normal. Credit: Reed Hutchinson/UCLA
DHA occurs naturally in the membranes of our brain cells, but not in a large enough quantity to help fight diseases.
"The brain and the body are deficient in the machinery to make DHA; it has to come through our diet," said Fernando Gomez-Pinilla, a UCLA professor of neurosurgery and of integrative biology and physiology, and co-senior author of the paper.
DHA strengthens synapses in the brain and enhances learning and memory. It is abundant in wild salmon (but not in farmed salmon) and, to a lesser extent, in other fish and fish oil, as well as walnuts, flaxseed, and fruits and vegetables, said Gomez-Pinilla, who also is a member of UCLA's Brain Injury Research Center. That could mean that Bgn and Fmod would be potential targets for new drugs to treat diseases that are caused by altered genes in the brain.
Americans get most of their fructose in foods that are sweetened with high-fructose corn syrup, an inexpensive liquid sweetener made from corn starch, and from sweetened drinks, syrups, honey and desserts. The Department of Agriculture estimates that Americans consumed an average of about 27 pounds of high-fructose corn syrup in 2014. Fructose is also found is in most baby food and in fruit, although the fiber in fruit substantially slows the body's absorption of the sugar -- and fruit contains other healthy components that protect the brain and body, Yang said.
High-Fructose Corn Syrup Worse Than Table Sugar- Study
The Vicious Cycle Of Fructose
Fructose, Leptin And The Rapid Weight Gain They Can Bring
Not All Sugary Ingredients Are Created Equal
Glucose Hype? Fructose May Be Better For Healthy Body Weight
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0032.json.gz/line1826759
|
__label__cc
| 0.611342
| 0.388658
|
Home > Environment > News Articles
Organic Food - What It Means And The List Of Artificial Ingredients Allowed
By News Staff | August 25th 2010 10:00 PM | Print | E-mail
Given an aggressive public relations campaign designed to obscure facts about the organic food industry, we are clarifying what an 'organic' label means and does not mean.
To be certified 'organic' a producer needs to prepare documentation (fill out forms) testifying they obey the guidelines below and pay a fee. There is no 'on the spot' checking of farms to insure compliance.
Organic regulations restrict and in some cases ban additives like preservatives, artificial sweeteners, colorings and flavorings, and monosodium glutamate (MSG).
95% of the food must obey those guidelines. Not 100%, 95%. And in the 95% there are exemptions provided by the National Organic Program. Why only 95% and why are there exemptions? Because the farmers trying to be organic would be out of business if there were actual purity requirements, so the National Organic Program lists the 5% as 'essential' and have amended those over time so the list is substantial.
§ 205.105 in the USDA guidelines reads:
To be sold or labeled as “100 percent organic,” “organic,” or “made with organic (specified ingredients or food group(s)),” the product must be produced and handled without the use of:
(a) Synthetic substances and ingredients, except as provided in §205.601 or §205.603;
(b) Nonsynthetic substances prohibited in §205.602 or §205.604;
(c) Nonagricultural substances used in or on processed products, except as otherwise provided in §205.605;
(d) Nonorganic agricultural substances used in or on processed products, except as otherwise provided in §205.606;
(e) Excluded methods, except for vaccines: Provided, That, the vaccines are approved in accordance with §205.600(a);
(f) Ionizing radiation, as described in Food and Drug Administration regulation, 21 CFR 179.26; and
(g) Sewage sludge.
So your organic food doesn't have sewage sludge but it does have drugs. Radiation would likely be good for the food but the science is unclear so that makes sense.
The list of inorganic (synthetic) ingredients allowed in organic food:
(a) Cornstarch (native)
(b) Gums—water extracted only (arabic, guar, locust bean, carob bean)
(c) Kelp—for use only as a thickener and dietary supplement
(d) Lecithin—unbleached
(e) Pectin (high-methoxy)
Added June 27, 2007:
(a) Casings, from processed intestines.
(b) Celery powder.
(c) Chia ( Salvia hispanica L. ).
(d) Colors derived from agricultural products.
(1) Annatto extract color (pigment CAS # 1393–63–1)—water and oil soluble.
(2) Beet juice extract color (pigment CAS # 7659–95–2).
(3) Beta-carotene extract color, derived from carrots (CAS # 1393–63–1).
(4) Black currant juice color (pigment CAS #'s: 528–58–5, 528–53–0, 643–84–5, 134–01–0, 1429–30–7, and 134–04–3).
(5) Black/Purple carrot juice color (pigment CAS #'s: 528–58–5, 528–53–0, 643–84–5, 134–01–0, 1429–30–7, and 134–04–3).
(6) Blueberry juice color (pigment CAS #'s: 528–58–5, 528–53–0, 643–84–5, 134–01–0, 1429–30–7, and 134–04–3).
(7) Carrot juice color (pigment CAS # 1393–63–1).
(8) Cherry juice color (pigment CAS #'s: 528–58–5, 528–53–0, 643–84–5, 134–01–0, 1429–30–7, and 134–04–3).
(9) Chokeberry—Aronia juice color (pigment CAS #'s: 528–58–5, 528–53–0, 643–84–5, 134–01–0, 1429–30–7, and 134–04–3).
(10) Elderberry juice color (pigment CAS #'s: 528–58–5, 528–53–0, 643–84–5, 134–01–0, 1429–30–7, and 134–04–3).
(11) Grape juice color (pigment CAS #'s: 528–58–5, 528–53–0, 643–84–5, 134–01–0, 1429–30–7, and 134–04–3).
(12) Grape skin extract color (pigment CAS #'s: 528–58–5, 528–53–0, 643–84–5, 134–01–0, 1429–30–7, and 134–04–3).
(13) Paprika color (CAS # 68917–78–2)—dried, and oil extracted.
(14) Pumpkin juice color (pigment CAS # 127–40–2).
(15) Purple potato juice (pigment CAS #'s: 528–58–5, 528–53–0, 643–84–5, 134–01–0, 1429–30–7, and 134–04–3).
(16) Red cabbage extract color (pigment CAS #'s: 528–58–5, 528–53–0, 643–84–5, 134–01–0, 1429–30–7, and 134–04–3).
(17) Red radish extract color (pigment CAS #'s: 528–58–5, 528–53–0, 643–84–5, 134–01–0, 1429–30–7, and 134–04–3).
(18) Saffron extract color (pigment CAS # 1393–63–1).
(19) Turmeric extract color (CAS # 458–37–7).
(e) Dillweed oil (CAS # 8006–75–5).
(f) Fish oil (Fatty acid CAS #'s: 10417–94–4, and 25167–62–8)—stabilized with organic ingredients or only with ingredients on the National List, §§205.605 and 205.606.
(g) Fructooligosaccharides (CAS # 308066–66–2).
(h) Galangal, frozen.
(i) Gelatin (CAS # 9000–70–8).
(j) Gums—water extracted only (Arabic; Guar; Locust bean; and Carob bean).
(k) Hops ( Humulus luplus ).
(l) Inulin-oligofructose enriched (CAS # 9005–80–5).
(m) Kelp—for use only as a thickener and dietary supplement.
(n) Konjac flour (CAS # 37220–17–0).
(o) Lecithin—unbleached.
(p) Lemongrass—frozen.
(q) Orange shellac-unbleached (CAS # 9000–59–3).
(r) Pectin (high-methoxy).
(s) Peppers (Chipotle chile).
(t) Starches.
(1) Cornstarch (native).
(2) Rice starch, unmodified (CAS # 977000–08–0)—for use in organic handling until June 21, 2009.
(3) Sweet potato starch—for bean thread production only.
(u) Turkish bay leaves.
(v) Wakame seaweed ( Undaria pinnatifida ).
(w) Whey protein concentrate.
Added December 13, 2010:
(g) Fortified cooking wines.
(1) Marsala.
(2) Sherry.
(v) Tragacanth gum (CAS #–9000–65–1).
The list of inorganic (synthetic) substances allowed in growing organic food:
(1) Alcohols.
(i) Ethanol-disinfectant and sanitizer only, prohibited as a feed additive.
(ii) Isopropanol-disinfectant only.
(2) Aspirin-approved for health care use to reduce inflammation.
(3) Biologics—vaccines.
(4) Chlorhexidine—allowed for surgical procedures conducted by a veterinarian. Allowed for use as a teat dip when alternative germicidal agents and/or physical barriers have lost their effectiveness.
(5) Chlorine materials—disinfecting and sanitizing facilities and equipment. Residual chlorine levels in the water shall not exceed the maximum residual disinfectant limit under the Safe Drinking Water Act.
(i) Calcium hypochlorite.
(ii) Chlorine dioxide.
(iii) Sodium hypochlorite.
(6) Electrolytes—without antibiotics.
(7) Glucose.
(8) Glycerine—allowed as a livestock teat dip, must be produced through the hydrolysis of fats or oils.
(9) Hydrogen peroxide.
(10) Iodine.
(11) Magnesium sulfate.
(12) Oxytocin—use in postparturition therapeutic applications.
(13) Paraciticides. Ivermectin-prohibited in slaughter stock, allowed in emergency treatment for dairy and breeder stock when organic system plan-approved preventive management does not prevent infestation. Milk or milk products from a treated animal cannot be labeled as provided for in subpart D of this part for 90 days following treatment. In breeder stock, treatment cannot occur during the last third of gestation if the progeny will be sold as organic and must not be used during the lactation period for breeding stock.
(14) Phosphoric acid—allowed as an equipment cleaner, Provided, That, no direct contact with organically managed livestock or land occurs.
(b) As topical treatment, external parasiticide or local anesthetic as applicable.
(1) Copper sulfate.
(2) Iodine.
(3) Lidocaine—as a local anesthetic. Use requires a withdrawal period of 90 days after administering to livestock intended for slaughter and 7 days after administering to dairy animals.
(4) Lime, hydrated—as an external pest control, not permitted to cauterize physical alterations or deodorize animal wastes.
(5) Mineral oil—for topical use and as a lubricant.
(6) Procaine—as a local anesthetic, use requires a withdrawal period of 90 days after administering to livestock intended for slaughter and 7 days after administering to dairy animals.
(c) As feed supplements. None.
(d) As feed additives.
(1) DL–Methionine, DL–Methionine-hydroxy analog, and DL–Methionine-hydroxy analog calcium (CAS #59–51–8; 63–68–3; 348–67–4) for use only in organic poultry production until October 21, 2008.
(2) Trace minerals, used for enrichment or fortification when FDA approved.
(3) Vitamins, used for enrichment or fortification when FDA approved.
(e) As synthetic inert ingredients as classified by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), for use with nonsynthetic substances or a synthetic substances listed in this section and used as an active pesticide ingredient in accordance with any limitations on the use of such substances.
Sucrose octanoate esters (CAS #s—42922–74–7; 58064–47–4)—in accordance with approved labeling.
The National List of Allowed and Prohibited Substances
§ 205.600 Evaluation criteria for allowed and prohibited substances, methods, and ingredients.
The following criteria will be utilized in the evaluation of substances or ingredients for the organic production and handling sections of the National List:
(a) Synthetic and nonsynthetic substances considered for inclusion on or deletion from the National List of allowed and prohibited substances will be evaluated using the criteria specified in the Act (7 U.S.C. 6517 and 6518).
(b) In addition to the criteria set forth in the Act, any synthetic substance used as a processing aid or adjuvant will be evaluated against the following criteria:
(1) The substance cannot be produced from a natural source and there are no organic substitutes;
(2) The substance's manufacture, use, and disposal do not have adverse effects on the environment and are done in a manner compatible with organic handling;
(3) The nutritional quality of the food is maintained when the substance is used, and the substance, itself, or its breakdown products do not have an adverse effect on human health as defined by applicable Federal regulations;
(4) The substance's primary use is not as a preservative or to recreate or improve flavors, colors, textures, or nutritive value lost during processing, except where the replacement of nutrients is required by law;
(5) The substance is listed as generally recognized as safe (GRAS) by Food and Drug Administration (FDA) when used in accordance with FDA's good manufacturing practices (GMP) and contains no residues of heavy metals or other contaminants in excess of tolerances set by FDA; and
(6) The substance is essential for the handling of organically produced agricultural products.
(c) Nonsynthetics used in organic processing will be evaluated using the criteria specified in the Act (7 U.S.C. 6517 and 6518).
§ 205.601 Synthetic substances allowed for use in organic crop production.
In accordance with restrictions specified in this section, the following synthetic substances may be used in organic crop production: Provided, That, use of such substances do not contribute to contamination of crops, soil, or water. Substances allowed by this section, except disinfectants and sanitizers in paragraph (a) and those substances in paragraphs (c), (j), (k), and (l) of this section, may only be used when the provisions set forth in §205.206(a) through (d) prove insufficient to prevent or control the target pest.
CAS Launches Free Web-Based Resource 'Common Chemistry' For General Public
CAS Registers 40 Millionth Substance In CAS REGISTRY(SM)
Here Are The Chemicals The Organic Industry Exempts For Organic Food In 2019
Largest Collection Of Proton NMR Spectra Now Available In SciFinder(R)
SciFinder(R) Mobile Is The "Smart" Choice For Scientists And Researchers
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0032.json.gz/line1826760
|
__label__cc
| 0.600307
| 0.399693
|
Tag Archives: Wash
Firefly Episode Guide
Firefly Episode Guide in the order it was meant to be shown here at SciFiXtreme.com. Season 1…
Firefly Gallery
Check out Firefly TV Series Photo Gallery. Click image to enlarge and download it’s all free.
Firefly TV Series. Complete overview, episode guide, character guide, trivia, quotes, photo gallery, videos, wallpapers, forum and more.
Firefly / Serenity Trivia
Firefly the TV Series and Serenity the Movie Trivia. Wash says he can’t see the incoming Reaver ship and has to do a scan. Not more then a few seconds later Mal looks out the ship and the Reaver ship is practically on top of them.
Firefly / Serenity Quotes
Firefly the TV Series and Serenity the Movie Quotes. Mal: “We’re not gonna die. We can’t die, Bendis. You know why? Because we are so…very…pretty. We are just too pretty for God to let us die.”
Firefly Character Guide
Check out Firefly TV Series and Serenity the Movie Character Guide.
‘Legend of the Seeker’ Pilot Review
If you’re looking for a nice bit of escapist fantasy to pass the time, Legend of the Seeker may be just what the doctor ordered. Filmed in good ol’ New Zealand, the series is based on the novels of Terry Goodkind (although fans of those epic books may not recognize the television version!) The action gets underway with a pair of mysterious girls, fleeing for their very lives from a gang of well-armed brutes. Both tragedy & magic ensue, and we certainly weren’t surprised when their task ultimately led to the obligitory unprepared lad whose fate had been sealed long before he was born.
“Sometimes you have to do things you hate so you can survive to fight another day.”
— Number Six
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0032.json.gz/line1826761
|
__label__wiki
| 0.845751
| 0.845751
|
After Arrest, Kremlin Critic Navalny Calls On Supporters To 'Take To The Streets'
Trump's Census Director To Quit After Trying To Rush Out 'Indefensible' Report
Data Scientist Rebekah Jones, Facing Arrest, Turns Herself In To Florida Authorities
Beyond American Legion: Younger veterans look for new connection
Marine veteran John Knox arranges fall produce at the Growing Veterans farm stand at the VA Hospital in Seattle. Knox says learning to farm helped him make the transition back to civilian life.
KUOW PHOTO/PATRICIA MURPHY
A veteran who goes by Cheech One-Road works Growing Veterans farm stand at the VA Hospital in Seattle.
Air Force veteran Sean Michael Dalgarn works the Growing Veterans farm stand at the VA Hospital in Seattle. The group’s members learn to farm. The harvest is sold here once a week through December.
Patricia Murphy | American Homefront Project | November 11, 2015
Army vet Josh Wheeldon can tick off a half-dozen veterans groups he has volunteered with: The Mission Continues , AmeriCorps Vet Corps, Team Rubicon , Iraq and Afghanistan Veterans of America , 22Kill , Seattle Stand Down and Team Red White and Blue .
He’s also a lifetime member of the older Veterans of Foreign Wars. But he doesn’t always feel like he fits in there.
“I went to a district meeting and I didn't have my VFW hat on,” said the Auburn, Wa. resident. “I said, 'I don't want to wear that hat!' … But that's the culture, right? You got to fit in."
Wheeldon, 32, has a reverence for the VFW and his dad’s generation of soldiers — his father was a post commander.
But Wheeldon is typical of younger veterans who are turning to other, newer groups for community. These veterans often feel disconnected from legacy groups like the VFW and the American Legion, which have lost more than a million members in the past 20 years.
For Wheeldon, it was the hat. For other younger vets, it’s the atmosphere at the local Legion and VFW posts.
“The American Legion was active in the town I grew up in and it was just a drinking place,” said John Knox, a 32-year-old former Marine originally from Orfordville, Wis. “Knowing that alcohol abuse and alcoholism are definitely prevalent there” was a turn-off for him.
But Knox still wanted to be around other veterans who knew what it was like to serve in the military. First he joined Iraq Veterans Against the War. Then he discovered a group called Growing Veterans.
The group has nearly 500 members and about 100 regular volunteers who share farmland around Puget Sound and grow crops to sell at farmers markets.
Knox says learning to farm helped him make the transition back to civilian life. The work is physical, and he says that when contrasted with the experience of war, it can be profoundly healing.
For a lot of vets, as the plants grow, walls come down.
“We get Vietnam veterans coming up saying, 'I wish something like this had been available when I was getting out of the service,'" Knox said. "It’s the best. It’s what keeps me coming back really.”
Growing Veterans is one of hundreds of smaller, more specialized veterans groups that weren’t available to the Vietnam generation or to veterans before them.
Today’s returning service members often are looking for a more personalized experience, said Seth Messinger, an anthropologist at the Center for Rehabilitation Sciences Research at Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences in Bethesda, Maryland.
“These individuals are shopping through groups depending on where they are in their post-service life,” Messinger said.
There are student veterans groups, service organizations, outdoor adventure clubs, a fly-fishing group, one that teaches glass blowing – all just for veterans. Traditional VFW and Legion posts often don’t appeal to younger veterans the way a Facebook page and a crowded Google calendar do.
“The brick and mortar VFW halls may at least initially appear to demand a greater commitment than being able to move from place to place in the online environment,” Messinger said.
Josh Wheeldon left the Army in 2009, but his military identity is still a big part of his life. He said the VFW is a part of American culture he would hate to lose.
But from his office at a south Seattle food bank, he can stay electronically connected with all of the groups he’s involved in. He says his local VFW post hasn’t updated its Facebook page since 2011.
“It’s an older generation and Facebook isn’t their thing,” he said. “But if you want to learn how to split wood, or go sight a rifle or how to cook a mean chili, these are the guys you talk to.”
This story is a part of the American Homefront Project — a joint effort of KPCC, KUOW and WUNC — reporting on American military life and veterans. It is Part 3 of a three-part series on America's veterans organizations. You can find Part 1 here, and Part 2 here.
These vets are picking up the pieces after California's wildfires
Results mixed as veteran homelessness deadline approaches
As force shrinks and competition grows, Army plans to retool chow halls
7 Angelenos share their military stories on Veterans Day
Veterans groups, once powerful, are fading
Vets groups seek 'younger blood' to maintain membership, influence
View the original story
KPCC's US & World coverage is a Southern California resource provided by member-supported public radio. We can't do it without you.
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0032.json.gz/line1826764
|
__label__cc
| 0.685019
| 0.314981
|
sales@scrapright.com
2019 Magazine Preview Why ScrapRight Sales & Pricing Kiosks Turnkey Installations Customized Training Tech Support Meet Our Team Partners Get Financing Customer Profile Job Opportunities FAQ Events Calendar
Catalytic Converters Scrap Vehicles CRO & Compology Designed Right Guaranteed Compliance Powerful Admin Go Mobile (iPad App) Inventory Management Shipping & Contracts Make a Payment Container Dispatch ATM Machines Quickbooks
Key Personnel.
Shon Duty - President & CEO
Shon and his wife of 33 years, Tammy, have two daughters and three grandchildren. His business acumen is incomparable and he possesses a solid history of success; firstly in the Army as a Military Police Officer, then as an expert in the automobile and insurance industries, and, for the last fourteen years, as a leader in the scrap & recycling industry as a software owner. Shon has had the privilege of traveling to over 1000 scrap yards, installing and training both employees and owners while intently listening to their needs. Shon believes strongly that customer satisfaction is the key to any successful company, making it a main driver for how ScrapRight operates. He lives on the notion that honesty and integrity are still what makes a company great!
In addition to having over 30 years of experience in sales management and business administration, Shon brings 20 years of ministry experience. The top priority of Shon and Tammy’s business ventures are to expand the Kingdom of God whenever and wherever possible. Shon has served in ministry, primarily, as an evangelist, but he has also served occasionally in the role of pastor. In 2012, Shon and his wife founded Project Big Love, a non-profit organization that serves children in need by equipping them with necessary school items. . Schedule a Demo
Randy Davis - Director of Operations & Sales
Randy Davis, Operations Manager and wearer of many hats, Randy has come to us from GMS (Global Maintenance Solutions) where he was a project manager and lead packaging engineer. Randy leads our team of Installation and training technicians, and is the head of the hardware development and integration team. Davis brings more than 15 years of maintenance and engineering experience to ScrapRight and has become certified in fiber optic cable termination and installation, along with network design and installation. Randy is also the senior sales executive for ScrapRight software bringing superior product, hardware and installation knowledge to his customers all across the US, Canada & Central America. Randy and his wife April have 3 children and also Pastor a small church just a few blocks from the ScrapRight corporate offices.
Brandon Burkett - Director of IT, Integrations and QA
With the rapid growth of the company, ScrapRight’s technical support and customer service is led by Brandon Burkett. Armed with a bevy of IT and communication skills, Brandon assists clients in diagnosing and correcting issues and inquiries quickly and patiently. Brandon is ScrapRight’s lead technical support representative and systems builder, handling everything from frontline calls and emails to configuring ScrapRight server and hardware packages for new customer installs.
Derek Paulo - Design & Engineering
DP is an Industrial & Manufacturing Engineer (Cal Poly SLO) and designer specializing in process optimization, aesthetics, cost reduction and product development. He has helped multiple large (and small) companies save millions by streamlining and eliminating non-value added processes in their product lines, facility layouts, workflows, and software suites. He incorporates that process driven engineering philosophy into our software, which lends to its intuitive to use nature. He has trained staff and installed software applications all over the Western US & Hawaii. Based in Southern California, Derek heads up product design and development, the company websites, and branding & marketing for ScrapRight Software.
Randy Davis III - Tech Support Manager
RD3 brings years of customer service experience to ScrapRight's tech support. This allows Randy to work patiently and quickly to give the customer the best possible service. With the experience he has in preparing hardware and pc setups, he is very efficient with preventative maintenance, finding and resolving potential issues on our customers' computers before they ever have a chance to appear.
Zach Kees - Certified Installer
Zach is known as the Zach of all trades around the ScrapRight office - always pulling cable, scaling walls or building some contraption. He joined ScrapRight in 2018 and "has enjoyed every day of it." His primary role is as an Installer/ Trainer for ScrapRight and also helps out from time to time with technical support. He strives to provide our customers with a quick and clean Installation followed by a thorough sit down training of the Buyside of our softwares. Prior to joining ScrapRight, Zach gained 6 Years of installation and cable management experience starting with being a fountain installer at Coca-Cola, then widened his range of expertise working for Tesla Solar managing the workflow and planning of solar panel installations, then to a large security company installing cctv systems and security panels. “I always get the job done.”
Michelle D - Tech Support Team Member
Michelle is a driven, dependable, and versatile customer service tech at ScrapRight. Like all our techs, she aids customers in troubleshooting hardware problems, diagnoses software installation and application issues, while identifying and troubleshooting customer questions and issues effectively. She also works with our escalation teams and programmers to achieve timely resolutions. A 7-time supporter of the month, Michelle is our tier one tech MVP, setting our clients’ minds at ease with ease.
Robert H - Tech Support Team Member
Our Tech Support Team Members are here to keep you running..
Ricardo G - Bi-Lingual Tech Support Team Member
Originally from the Dominican Republic, Ricardo is fluent in Spanish and English and offers Bi-lingual Support to our many Spanish speaking customers, making him an extremely valuable team member at ScrapRight. With over 10 years of experience in customer service he is able to take any situation and find a solution while providing that personal touch that makes our clients feel like family. Outside of dealing with the scrap software world, he is also a talented active musician and band director, which we feel further helps him to connect with people on a personal level. To quote Ricardo, "Dealing with people and difficult situations is kind of my dwelling place for me."
Montana Duty - Admin Secretary
As an administrative assistant at ScrapRight, Montana wears many hats within the company and does it all with a smile! We rely on Montana for our everyday account management, answering phones, booking travel, placing store orders, handling accounts receivables and overall customer care! If you have ever called ScrapRight's front offices, you have most likely spoken with her and have surely experienced that she is always ready to help! She is the first line of communication within ScrapRight and a liason between our customers and our support, sales and service departments.
Tammy Duty - CFO
Tammy graduated cumma sum laude from Liberty University with a BS in Psychology. She brings a strong administrative background to Scrapright. Tammy served in the United States Army as a Personnel Management Specialist in the Military District of Washington. She has also been employed in an administrative capacity in the banking industry, shipping and packing industry, and also in ministry. Her attention to detail helps to make ScrapRight a leader in our industry.
Our developers are Microsoft Certified with over ten years of real world experience developing enterprise level applications spanning multiple industries. With a core focus on proven industry standard technologies such as ASP.Net and SQL, they utilize new and innovative technologies such as JQuery and AJAX to provide end users with a rich client experience. They possess a deep knowledge of programming to streamline and reduce redundancy in processes and effectively increase the bottom line. As members of the ScrapRight software development team, our programmers are committed to providing a solid yet innovative architecture which is scalable in both breadth and depth.
Proudly serving thousands of daily users totaling millions of monthly transactions, ScrapRight is the #1 TOP RATED, fully featured, best supported, most innovative, intuitive, and easiest-to-use recycling software in the scrap industry. We want EVERY scrap yard to be in 100% compliance with powerful tools to manage the buying, inventory tracking, & selling of materials. We offer turn-key and self-install solutions; serving large enterprise level organizations down to the smallest solo operation.
ScrapRight Software
"I've chosen ScrapRight because it is obvious that they have a thorough understanding of the needs of our industry."
(view our cert)
+ many more!
Copyright © 2009-2019 ScrapRight Software
Powered By: The Kaimon Group
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0032.json.gz/line1826765
|
__label__wiki
| 0.976875
| 0.976875
|
Home » News » Council prayers decision continues to provoke controversy
Council prayers decision continues to provoke controversy
Posted: Mon, 02 Apr 2012
A Muslim councillor in Reigate in Surrey claims he has been deselected by the local Conservative Party after he objected to the saying of Christian prayers as part of the Council meeting.
Imran Khan has represented Horley West on Reigate and Banstead Borough Council for four years but has not been selected to stand when one third of the council's seats are contested on 3 May.
He told the local Surrey Mirror newspaper: "Many of the councillors had mistakenly thought I was objecting to the notion of prayers before council which wasn't true – I was simply recommending a break between the two. However, once people get themselves worked up about something and feel upset about something they are not too open to any debate about it. I think they were all feeling pretty upset about the position I had taken."
His previous requests for the prayers to be concluded before the official start had been "totally shot down" by fellow members, he said. "Why should I be forced to stand outside during council meetings? It's not that anyone has told me to stand outside like a naughty boy but it is that, in asking me to do something which I cannot do, which is to be a part of Christian prayer, they are excluding me from what is the council business."
Mr Khan said that he thought the NSS's victory at the High Court had been "a victory for everyone who believes in local democracy and religious freedom. I think no-one should be disadvantaged because of their religion, or lack of religion, from participating in local democracy. My argument is a secular one. I believe religion has no place in politics."
Meanwhile, Dorchester Town Council in Dorset has approved a motion to abolish prayers from its meetings and not replace them with any other religious observance. The council also voted to scrap the role of mayor's chaplain.
Councillor Richard Biggs argued that there was no place for prayers and religious ceremony at council meetings in modern times. He told the Dorset Echo: "I don't think there is any place now – this is not a place of worship. In this day and age I'm not sure it's the place to have formal prayers. I think it's embarrassing for a lot of people and awkward."
Councillor Robin Potter added: "I think the town council should be a secular body."
There was also support for the move from Councillor Andy Canning, who was announced at the meeting as the mayor for the next mayoral year. He said: "Surely in this day and age faith is about personal individual conscience. In our modern society we are not about imposing our views on other people."
The recommendation was voted through with ten councillors voting for to four against, but an amendment was added to state that the mayor would use appropriate words to set the scene at the beginning of the meeting.
Stoke-on-Trent City Council has decided that it will move its prayer session to 15 minutes before full council meetings.
Labour councillor Gwen Hassall put forward the motion, saying: "I want to continue with the prayers and a number of people do, but you've got to show respect to the people who find it uncomfortable. There are people who have religious differences and some are secular too.
"By doing it this way we are not offending anybody and it saves people coming to prayers who don't want to. I would hope everybody will still join in, but we shouldn't force that, just as I don't want people to stop me from taking part."
Reverend David Bickersteth, of St Peter's Church, in Blythe Bridge, said: "Making people say prayers like an old fashioned school assembly can sometimes do more harm than good and isn't very worshipful. A separate advance prayer will mean people don't feel like they have to be there.
"The Christian faith is being eroded in society all the time, but it has got to be something people want to do. You can't bulldoze people into faith."
Penkridge Parish Council in Staffordshire has decided to move prayers off the agenda so that they are said before the meeting opens. Councillor Sandra Chambers, who put forward the motion to ban prayers altogether, told a meeting of the council: "I heard councillors be disrespectful to other councillors who chose to leave the room during prayers, and I don't like that. People's beliefs should not be open to speculation, and it does put councillors on the spot. I believe that everyone who lives in Penkridge should feel represented. Our practices should not create division of any kind."
Councillor John McPheat said: "It seems to me that if councillors wish to hold prayers, they should be held before the meeting starts. I would have thought we should have them prior to the agenda being taken up. I stand because I respect the opinion of those who want prayers but I don't take part, and I choose not to involve myself."
In what the local paper described as a "bizarre" debate, Cornwall Council decided to reinstate prayers to the formal agenda of its meetings after they had been removed for two meetings. A proposal to permit faiths other than Christianity to have a look-in was rejected.
The debate was opened by a statement from Councillor David Biggs, who was opposed to having prayers as part of the formal agenda, saying he felt the council should not be "influenced by superstition". He argued prayers had no place in the council chamber and said there was also no need for them before meetings.
Councillor Morwenna Williams made a strong proclamation of her Christian beliefs and declared she believed that "the Devil is alive and at work here in this county".
Councillor Pat Lambshead said he believed Christian prayers should be part of the formal council meetings and councillors had a choice whether to remain in the chamber and participate or not. He compared the choice to choosing whether to "watch the television and pornographic channels or not to watch pornographic channels".
The council also agreed members and officers could choose whether to take part in the prayers inside the chamber or to wait outside.
Gary Selwyn a councillor on Cotswold District Council said religion should not play a part in local authority work and called for a "pledge" instead. He spoke out after the vicar of Cirencester, the Rev Canon Leonard Doolan, had prayed for the council and others. In a written question to council chairman Carolyn Nicolle, Mr Selwyn (LD, Cirencester- Watermoor) said: "Wouldn't the work done in this chamber be conducted just as effectively, and be more open, embracing and respectful of people's backgrounds and chosen beliefs, were a pledge to be adopted, rather than a prayer?" Rev Canon Doolan said "prayer is in everybody's interest."
Councillor Gail Marchant-Daisley, who represents Petersfield for Labour, had asked for prayers to be replaced with a minute of reflection. After the meeting, she said: "This isn't about bashing Christians or anyone else. It's that the saying of prayers of any denomination at the start of council meetings is inconsistent with the council's policy on equality and potentially excludes people of other faith or none.
Councillor Nimmo-Smith said: "I find that having a brief moment of reflection brings solemnity to the relatively few occasions when the full council is gathered together, and I think that something that has had a long history does have a place.
"But I'm open to how other councillors feel and whatever we do shouldn't bind the hands of future mayors."
Cambridge City Council has launched a review into whether prayers should continue or whether they should be dropped.
Jenny Bailey, mayor in 2007/8, appointed a Buddhist chaplain, while Jack Warren, twice mayor in the 1960s and 1970s, did not have one.
Atheist Councillor Colin Rosenstiel of the Market ward of Cambridge City Council said the religious elements of the role was a factor in why he had never wanted to be mayor, despite having been first elected in 1973. But Councillor Rosenstiel added: "I actually believe fairly strongly that the present arrangements should continue, despite being an atheist – it's a thing for the serving mayor. Those of us whose family backgrounds aren't from this country have to have some respect for the long Christian tradition in this country."
Louth Town Council in Lincolnshire has decided to hold prayers before the meeting starts until the matter can be properly discussed.
Ludlow Town Council in Shropshire will hold prayers before the meeting opens.
North East Lincolnshire Council has decided to separate prayers from official council business.
Lyme Regis Council in Devon has moved prayers to 15 minutes before the start of the council meeting.
Market Rasen Council in Lincolnshire will have prayers before official business commences.
Brackley Town Council decided to remove prayers from official business
Falmouth Town Council will now conduct prayers before the official business begins.
Stroud District Council has prayers separate from official business
Cheltenham Borough Council has replaced prayers with a minute of silent reflection
Ilminster Town Council in Somerset now has prayers 15 minutes before the council meeting begins.
Gedling Borough Council in Nottinghamshire is keeping prayers on the agenda according to one resident there who has contacted us.
Ryedale District Council in Yorkshire defied the law and continues to include prayers on its agenda, causing two councillors to walk out in protest. Liberal councillors Tommy Woodward and Luke Richardson waited outside the council chamber at Ryedale House until the chaplain had finished. Councillor Woodward said later: "I am neither prepared to be a hypocrite nor a law breaker and so took it upon myself to leave the chamber."
Tags: Council Prayers
Related Campaigns
End government prayers
Prayers are personal & shouldn’t be an official part of government business or imposed in meetings
Posted: Thu, 10 Sep 2020
NSS welcomes decision not to hire chaplain to say council prayers
The NSS has welcomed a decision by the mayor of Swale borough council in Kent not to appoint a civic chaplain to conduct council prayers....
Posted: Fri, 27 Sep 2019
NSS welcomes council in Somerset’s decision to scrap prayers
The NSS has welcomed a decision to scrap official prayers at the start of meetings at a council in Somerset.
Posted: Wed, 28 Aug 2019
NSS asks council in north Wales to separate prayers from meetings
The NSS has asked councillors in Denbighshire to review their practice of holding prayers before meetings.
Posted: Wed, 17 Jul 2019
NSS urges councillors in Norfolk to scrap prayers before meetings
The NSS has urged councillors in Norfolk to stop holding prayers before meetings after a councillor tabled a motion to remove them.
Posted: Thu, 06 Jun 2019
NSS asks equality charity to reconsider support for council prayers
The NSS has asked an equalities charity to reconsider its support for prayers at council meetings after remarks from its chief executive....
As figures show most people in Britain never pray, Megan Manson says institutionalised prayer has no place in our parliament, councils, schools or public ceremonies.
Most Brits don’t pray. It’s time for our institutions to stop imposing worship
Tags: Collective Worship, Council Prayers, Parliament, Prayers, Remembrance
Posted: Tue, 03 Mar 2020
As Brighton's new mayor comes under fire for abolishing prayers at council meetings, Stephen Evans argues that Britain's growing indifference to religion should prompt a rethink of religion's public role....
Prayers aren't appropriate in the public realm
Tags: Council prayers, Prayers
Posted: Thu, 25 Jul 2019
In recognition of National Democracy Week 2018, Megan Manson reflects on what still needs to be changed to make the UK a truly democratic, secular state.
Seven secularist steps that would strengthen democracy in the UK
Tags: Church & State, Church of England, Council prayers, Faith Schools, Freedom of Expression, Head of state, One law for all, Secularism
Claims of ecumenicalism and pluralism are often used to smuggle exclusively Christian privilege into public institutions. Christian secularist Paul Lusk asks what we should do about that.
Christian Concern...
Religious Right supports state backed prayers, until they’re Islamic
Tags: Christianity, Council Prayers, Islam, Religious Right
Posted: Thu, 12 Oct 2017
Those who regard the imposition of religious values and practices in secular spaces as benign should be more aware of their privilege, argues Alastair Lichten.
You may regret clicking this link. If you...
Council prayers: none so deaf as those that will not hear
Tags: Council Prayers, Religious privilege
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0032.json.gz/line1826767
|
__label__cc
| 0.671339
| 0.328661
|
Home Roads and transport A39/A358 Emergency Diversionary Routes (Operation Wader)
A39/A358 Emergency Diversionary Routes (Operation Wader)
Work to provide signs for the diversionary route when the A39 or A358 are closed
The Scheme
We have implemented a scheme on various routes in West Somerset and Sedgemoor that will provide signage to indicate the diversionary route if either the A39 or A358 has to be closed, for longer than two hours, in the event of an accident or emergency.
The Police will be responsible for the activation and operation of a route, which includes providing manpower to designated points.
This scheme has been named as Operation Wader.
This signage will provide a pre-planned route for light vehicles unable to continue along the main routes with the aim of minimising the amount of congestion that currently occurs. Due to height and weight restrictions in place along a number of routes, heavy and long vehicles will be stacked by the Police immediately inside the closure, another appropriate location, or diverted using the existing lorry route (A38/B3190).
Work was undertaken on this project between representatives of Somerset County Council, West Somerset Council, Avon and Somerset Constabulary, Somerset and Devon Fire Authority, West Somerset Strategic Partnership and The National Trust.
This scheme was then requested for funding under the Council’s Small Improvement Schemes programme by the four West Somerset County Council Members at the time.
There are now routes mapped and signed in the event of a closure on the A39 between
Minehead and Oare
Dunster and Washford Cross
Washford Cross and Williton
Williton and Keenthorne
Keenthorne and Bridgwater
Bishops Lydeard and Williton, and
diversions in the vicinity of Minehead
You can view plans for each route in the Downloads section.
Engineering Programme Team
Somerset County Council
TA1 4DY
Email ltpdelivery@somerset.gov.uk
A39 – Minehead to Oare
A39 – Dunster to Washford Cross
A39 – Minehead
A39 – Washford Cross to Williton
A358 – Bishop Lydeard to Williton
A39 – Williton to Keenthorne
A39 – Keenthorne to Bridgwater
Last reviewed: 23 January 2020
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0032.json.gz/line1826770
|
__label__cc
| 0.716611
| 0.283389
|
Mudron 5
Joliet News
K9's For Veterans
Freedom Movement USA
South Suburban Gazette
ENDORSEMENT: O'Connor, Hardek, O'Sullivan in District 230
230 United slate Dave O'Connor (L), Patrick O'Sullivan (C), and Mike Hardek (R)
Voters this Tuesday will have a profound choice before them. The base of any strong community is their schools, and the residents of Consolidated High School District 230 have one of Illinois' finest districts to not only give their children a first class education, but a model for fiscal responsibility. The choice for the District 230 Board of Education is clear. Today the South Suburban Gazette proudly endorses DAVE O'CONNOR, MIKE HARDEK, and PATRICK O'SULLIVAN for District 230 Board of Education.
Each gentleman is uniquely qualified for the challenges facing all districts in Illinois in the coming years. Each has the experience in the district committee structure and our community at large to make them in touch with the constituents they serve so well. O'Connor and Hardek will be joining one of the highest performing Boards in Illinois while O'Sullivan will serve his fourth term. Each has earned the endorsement of the District 230 Teachers' Association and District 230 Education Support Professionals' Association. Rick Nogal, current 230 Board President, is the 2019 recipient of the prestigious Burroughs Award for the state's finest Board President.
O'Connor is an Orland Park attorney, Chairman of the Orland Park Police/Fire Commission, and Vice President of the District 230 Foundation which has done outstanding support work for teacher development and student advancement. Hardek, President of the Orland Park Chamber of Commerce, former Rotary President, and D230 Building & Finance Committee member. O'Sullivan has served three terms with service as President and Vice-President.
The current Board, all elected under the 230 United banner that these men are running, have served the taxpayers, students, and staff well and have earned the public's trust. We urge the voters to once again give the 230 United slate the mandate they need to effectively govern free of outside political influence.
This slate is opposed by Jeanne Bailey, perhaps well intentioned, but she has a fatal flaw in our view which seems plain as day to everyone but her and her most ardent supporters. Mrs. Bailey is the spouse of a current District 230 employee. We feel this would put her in an untenable conflict of interest, preventing her from representing the voters on a host of issues before the District 230 Board. Mrs. Bailey also lacks the community involvement and experience to rival her opponents.
We agree with the 230 United slate, District 230 is one of Illinois' finest, and on Tuesday, voters can keep it that way by electing DAVE O'CONNOR, MIKE HARDEK, and PATRICK O'SULLIVAN.
New To The Race For Will County Board District 1 PEREZ Receives Endorsement From The FOP
PEREZ takes on favored appointed incumbent for Will County Board 1
The 21st Century French Revolution and the War on Cops
Communities Of:
© 2019 by TheSouthSurbabanGazette. Proudly created by LCMS
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0032.json.gz/line1826773
|
__label__wiki
| 0.896746
| 0.896746
|
Sportscasting | Pure Sports
© Copyright 2021 Endgame360 Inc. All Rights Reserved.
NFL Divisional Round Wild Card Week 17 Week 16 Week 15 Week 14 Week 13 Week 12 Week 11 Week 10 Week 9 Week 8 Week 7 Week 6 Week 5 Week 4 Week 3 Week 2 Week 1
17 CLE
BUF 17
3 BAL
18 LA
37 PIT
9 CHI
WAS 20
LAC 38
21 KC
38 HOU
SEA 26
23 SF
3 CIN
35 DET
14 NYJ
9 NE
DAL 37
9 LA
13 NYG
25 LV
12 ARI
6 NYG
ARI 33
3 NYJ
0 LAC
14 BAL
ATL 43
6 LV
17 CIN
3 JAX
30 BUF
JAX 27
Mike Tyson Bit Lennox Lewis in Press Conference Brawl and Paid $335,000 For It
by Kyle Dalton on May 2, 2020
Sports fans remember the June 1997 fight when Mike Tyson viciously bit a chunk out of Evander Holyfield’s ear and was disqualified for his attack. Strangely, that wasn’t Tyson’s only biting incident. Less than five years later, in a press conference promoting an upcoming fight with Lennox Lewis, Tyson bit Lewis during a brawl on stage, and it cost him more than $300,000. Here’s a look back at one of the most bizarre pre-fight press conferences in boxing history.
Mike Tyson bites Lennox Lewis in press conference
In January 2002, it started off as your standard pre-fight press conference. Lennox Lewis and Mike Tyson stood atop platforms on stage, spotlights focused on each fighter, while cameras snapped photo after photo of the two men facing each other.
Then, out of nowhere, Tyson suddenly stepped off his platform, threw down his hat, and started pacing toward Lewis a few feet away. Lewis’ security man stepped in front of Tyson, only to have the former heavyweight champ throw a left hook. And then all hell broke loose.
“Everyone started jumping in. At the bottom was me and Tyson,” Lennox Lewis said in an interview on the Rich Eisen Show. “They were clearing everybody off. I said, ‘Hey! He’s biting my leg.’ And everybody had a shocked look. My security saw it. And then they started giving him some elbows. Then, he released my leg.”
The brawl lasted for less than a minute, but the damage was done. Lewis still has a visible scar on his upper left thigh.
Tyson goes crazy on profanity-laced tirade
After the melee subsided and the boxers were separated, Tyson continued his outburst. He turned his escalating anger to an unspecified person in the crowd, repeatedly grabbing his crotch and calling out the person. Some thought it was Lewis’ mother. Others thought it was a female photographer. Either way, a freelance writer named Mark Malinowski didn’t like Tyson’s behavior. He booed him and then shouted, “Get him a straitjacket!”
Unsurprisingly, Tyson redirected his focus to Malinowski and went off in a profanity-laced tirade. Multiple times he challenged Malinowski questioning his manhood and called him a plethora of unsavory names. After several minutes of rage, Tyson was led off the stage. Malinowski hurriedly made his way to the exit fearing for his safety.
“I thought, ‘Oh, oh, he’s got a lot of guys around him,” Malinowski recalled in a New York Times interview.
Tyson’s manager Shelly Finkel, later recalled that Tyson told him, “Shel, I was off the wall at that point, and more so because I knew I couldn’t go in the audience.”
Mike Tyson loses fight and pays $335,000 for bite
The press conference brawl had lasting effects. The fight, which was originally scheduled for April in Las Vegas, was delayed for months after Nevada and several other states refused to grant Tyson a license to fight following his erratic behavior. Tyson’s camp became so concerned about his conduct, he was forced to train away from any potential distractions and trouble in Maui.
The fight was eventually held in Memphis, Tennessee on June 8. Tyson started strong the first couple of rounds, but steadily faded with each passing round. With less than a minute remaining in the eighth, Lewis delivered a sharp right hook that sent Tyson down to the canvas for the second time in the round, ending the fight.
Lewis retained his WBC, IBO and IBF heavyweight titles and earned a healthy paycheck of $30 million. He also received a $335,000 payment from Tyson’s cut as compensation for the bite at the press conference brawl.
The victory by Lewis effectively ended Tyson’s pursuit of returning to the top. He fought three more times after the bout, losing twice. Ironically, most people don’t remember the fight as much as they do the press conference melee. The Ring magazine named the brawl the Event of the Year for 2002.
© Copyright 2021 Endgame360 Inc. All Rights Reserved. | Terms of Service | Privacy Policy | About Us .
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0032.json.gz/line1826776
|
__label__wiki
| 0.891973
| 0.891973
|
Khabib shows Tony Ferguson what he thinks of his belt
"I go a little bit… a little bit crazy, yes."
Tony Ferguson will see this as a minor victory on his way to the main event at UFC 249. Khabib Nurmagomedov lost his composure after assuring us all, not so long ago, that those antagonistic days were behind him.
For Nurmagomedov, he must pine for chances to fight men like Dustin Poirier. In between his on-again, off-again saga with Ferguson and the foul blood between himself and Conor McGregor there was Poirier. Sweet, respectful Dustin.
'Diamond' had nothing but good things to say about Nurmagomedov before the pair faced off in Abu Dhabi, last September, and he was completely outclassed by the UFC lightweight champion. Job done, 'The Eagle' even donated his t-shirt to Poirier's charity and said he would match any bid that came in for it on eBay.
Perhaps, we thought, the Dagestani was being true to his word when - not long after he sparked a mini riot at UFC 229 - he vowed that he would be all about respect for there-on out.
Fast forward to March 6 and the UFC 249 press conference with Ferguson. Both men have been slated to face off in The Octagon on four previous occasions but injuries and botched weight cuts have intervened each time.
It has led to a lot of frustrations, on both sides and amongst MMA fans. And so, it was not going to take much for these men to get riled up.
That certainly seemed to be Ferguson's mission as he interrupted and insulted the champion at various junctures. Nurmagomedov started off nice and composed but gradually lost his cool and resorted to calling Ferguson a liar for claiming he grew up fighting on the streets of his native Michigan.
By the time it came to the face-off, Nurmagomedov was in no mood when Ferguson laid his UFC belt, which he was stripped of more than two years ago, down and demanded that the champ do the same. In no uncertain terms, Nurmagomedov showed his opponent what he thought of his belt by kicking it away.
Credit: UFC (via YouTube)
Following the press briefing and face-offs, Nurmagomedov told ESPN why he lost the cool.
"Honestly, when I go to the press conference I think I want to be nice. You know I don’t want to go crazy. You know? But, when he talk about street fight, I go a little bit… A little bit crazy, yes.
"Because this guy never fight in street. What are you talking about? Who? You know, I have a lot of fight in street. This guy never fight. Because in America, you cannot fight in street. But I grew up in Dagestan, everyday I fight in the street.
"You talk about street fight? Because people don’t understand. Maybe people think I am like him from America. But I am not from America. You know? I am from Dagestan and we fight all the time here."
Don't tell Khabib Nurmagomedov that you fought in the streets, especially if you are an American. It's enough to set him off. Ferguson will duly take note.
All going well, the pair will face off at the Barclays Center (sic) on Saturday, April 18.
🎧 LISTEN: Ian and Eimear are joined by Connacht & Ireland lock Quinn Roux, and former Irish star Mike McCarthy drops by for a chat.
House of Rugby Ireland · Quinn Roux on finding a home in Ireland and Mike McCarthy brings the absolute HEAT!
UFC,
Khabib Nurmagomedov,
Tony Ferguson,
UFC 249.
"I did for one second think of flinging the boot at him" - Maher's journey an inspirational thing
The SportsJOE 12 o'clock quiz | Day 288
In defeat, Jerry Kelly dies with his boots on in coming of age final display
You'll have to be a diehard fan to get 20/20 in this Liverpool players of the 90s quiz
QUIZ: You have 30 seconds to answer this one tricky football question
Dana White teases official Khabib announcement as Georges St-Pierre makes right noises
Conor McGregor's new work-out regime and daily diet ahead of UFC return
Co-main event added for UFC 257 as former Bellator champ makes debut
"Winner of Dustin and Conor will fight for my belt" - Khabib Nurmagomedov
UFC announces stunning week of Fight Island events, headlined by McGregor vs. Poirier
Back-up plan for McGregor vs. Poirier makes UFC 257 even better
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0032.json.gz/line1826777
|
__label__wiki
| 0.543226
| 0.543226
|
Wildfire run-off impacts Lake Tahoe clarity
Wildfires may have a direct correlation with Lake Tahoe clarity levels ” the more the forest around the lake burns, the cloudier it becomes.
This and other fire-related issues were discussed during Fire Science, a lecture hosted by University of California, Davis at the Tahoe Center for Environmental Studies on the campus of Sierra Nevada College. The event was geared toward giving attendees a scientific understanding of fire and fuels management. Three lecturers were featured: University of Nevada, Reno professor Dr. Wally Miller; University of California, Berkeley Sagehen Creek field station supervisor Jeff Brown and North Lake Tahoe Fire Protection District Chief Mike Brown.
Miller unveiled the results of a UNR study showing that wildfires release nitrogen, phosphorous and sulfur into the soil.
“We don’t know for sure if these nutrients make their way into the lake, but we do know soil sediment only travels with water in the form of runoff, so rain could release these into the lake,” Miller said.
He said that both nitrogen and phosphorous negatively affect lake clarity levels by enhancing algae.
“The more biomass you have in the lake, the less visibility you get,” Miller said.
Miller also stated that following wildfires, large amounts of sulfur were found in the soil under a charred area. He was unsure what impacts sulfur has on lake clarity levels.
“We need to take a look at the sulfur levels simply because of the magnitude of sulfur we found after fires took place. It could be something, it could be nothing,” Miller said.
He said the best way to reduce the amount of nutrients in soil runoff that could potentially reach the lake was to implement a series of mechanical thinning operations around the basin. He recommended the forests be treated for fuels reduction and then subjected to controlled burns. He said that while this combination doesn’t necessarily reduce the amount of nutrients in the soil, it reduces the likelihood the nutrients will runoff with rain water. Miller explained this is because the nutrients concentrate within the soil heavily after a wildfire, whereas with a small, controlled burn the nutrients are more evenly dispersed.
Jeff Brown presented information he has collected while working at the Sagehen Creek field station. There, scientists have explored SPLATs (strategically placed land area treatments). A SPLAT is fuels reduction treatment in strategic areas of a forest, meant to slow a wildfire’s advance. It involves thinning a forest’s fuels in staggered strips of the forest.
In Sagehen, Jeff Brown’s team of scientists created computerized SPLATs across the forest and saw two things. One is that the SPLAT-protected zones were very effective in slowing fires, and the other is that fuels reduction is most effective when 20 percent of the forest is thinned.
A complete thinning of fuels, Jeff Brown said, is not cost effective and doesn’t slow a fire’s advance by much.
“The first 20 percent of the thinning process produces the most bang for your buck. More than that doesn’t do too much to interrupt a fire,” Jeff Brown said.
Chief Mike Brown said that his hand crews have been busy thinning the forest around Incline Village to protect the community with a halo of fuels-reduced areas.
“Our halo creates a quarter-mile buffer zone between ourselves and other fire districts, so we can slow a fire coming from out of the area or one that originates in Incline from jumping to another district,” Mike Brown said.
The NLTFPD is working toward creating good defensible space around Incline by encouraging everyone to take responsibility for defensible space on private property, Mike Brown said.
“There are three conditions that affects fire behavior, fuel, weather and topography. Fuel is the only one you can control and our goal is to keep these fires on the ground at a low intensity,” Mike Brown said.
The next fire lecture, Fire Behavior, is scheduled for Nov. 13 at the Tahoe Center for Environmental Sciences. It will feature noted fire expert and UC Berkeley professor Scott Stephens. It begins at 5:30 p.m. with a no-host bar; the lecture begins at 6 p.m. A $5 donation is requested.
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0032.json.gz/line1826778
|
__label__wiki
| 0.935884
| 0.935884
|
Working 9 to 5 not enough to pay rent
By Greyson Howard/Sierra SunKat Chawkins
Truckee residents Kat Chawkins, 22, and her boyfriend Scott Donovan, 21, are tired of living paycheck to paycheck.
Both are moving out of town because the cost of living has gotten too pricey for their meager budget.
“I’m earning $450 a paycheck and just barely squeaking by,” said Chawkins, who works as a dessert cook at Sweets downtown.
Chawkins said Donovan works two jobs, yet the couple can’t save up enough money to put down a deposit for an apartment. She said they’ve been staying at the Alpine Country Lodge with their belongings in storage until they move up to Ashland, Ore., in less than two weeks.
“I love it up here,” Chawkins said. “I would stay if I could.”
With California’s minimum wage at $6.75 an hour, it’s difficult to make enough money to pay rent and afford living expenses in Truckee and North Tahoe, and the scenario is forcing some residents to find housing elsewhere. It’s also turning away those who’d like to move to the area.
Mary Ellen Lopez, Truckee Pines apartment manager, said the wait list for an available apartment may be as long as two years for a one-bedroom. Lopez said she’s recently had several out-of-towners calling from places like Arizona and Colorado looking to rent apartments.
“I’ve had a lot of calls from people in the past week who will be working at resorts in town,” Lopez said.
Due to the long waiting list, she said she refers them to other low-income apartment complexes such as Sierra Village and Riverview Townhomes, but they also have waits. She also suggests searching the Internet and the Sierra Sun for listings.
Lopez said there is housing available in Reno, which she took advantage of when she bought a house there six months ago. Now she commutes to work every day.
Anna Henningson, Housing Connection property manager, said rental prices are up to homeowners to decide. She said she thinks that is why the prices have rapidly increased.
“They charge a lot because they can,” Henningson said.
The Housing Connection Web site, which costs $39 for a two-month membership, features listings of 220 long-term rentals starting at $600 studios and increasing to $4,000 homes, she said. Henningson said the average price of a one-bedroom listing is about $900 a month. Having roommates is “the only way you can afford it on $6.75 an hour,” she said.
For Chawkins, those rental prices are just too steep.
“I can’t settle for anything less than what I’m getting now,” Chawkins said.
She said her monthly rent for a two bedroom-two bath house in Ashland will be $650. She said she’s excited to live in a place she can afford.
Rachelle Pellisier, executive director of the Workforce Housing Association of Truckee Tahoe, said people have trouble finding affordable housing because of the number of vacation rentals and short-term leases during the ski season.
She said vacation market prices in the town’s resort community drive rental prices up.
“For every year-round lease the problem is that it’s pretty darn expensive,” Pellisier said.
She said a lot of people are spending 50 percent of their median income to live in town.
The Gray’s Crossing apartments currently under construction will provide 92 units of low-income housing by next summer, she said. Pacific West Community developers are in the approval process of another complex near Alder Creek Middle School, she said.
“We’re trying to provide opportunities … it doesn’t happen overnight,” she said.
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0032.json.gz/line1826779
|
__label__wiki
| 0.719632
| 0.719632
|
Home Forums > Finance, Economics & Current Affairs > Currencies >
DNWO - Digital New World Order?
Discussion in 'Currencies' started by pmbug, Feb 6, 2020.
pmbug Active Member
It seems that central banks are making a lot of noise about digital currencies lately. Welcome to the pending digital New World Order.
The World Economic Forum (WEF) — together with some of the world's major central banks — has created a central bank digital currency (CBDC) policymaker toolkit.
According to an announcement on Jan. 22, the toolkit is the WEF's attempt to help policy-makers understand whether deploying a CBDC would be advantageous and guide them through its design.
The WEF collaborated with regulators, central bank researchers, international organizations and experts from over 40 institutions to develop the framework. ...
The WEF’s framework divides CBDCs into three categories: retail, wholesale and hybrid. The first category allows non-financial users to hold digital currency accounts, while the second is an electronic system granting access to the central bank reserve that could be used by commercial banks and other financial institutions for interbank and security transactions.
Hybrid CBDCs allow financial institutions that do not usually have access to a central bank deposit facility to hold reserves at it. This would enable stronger safeguards and monitoring of those organizations and improve interoperability between different payment systems, according to the WEF.
The paper explains that in the case of a DLT-based CBDC, the central bank would preserve full control over the issuance of the digital currency:
[The central bank] could delegate transaction approval to a more decentralized network, most likely consisting of regulated financial institutions. Transaction approval could follow a pre‐specified consensus process determined by the central bank, which could include privileges for the central bank such as transaction ‘veto’ powers or visibility. It is also possible to develop a DLT system in which the central bank remains the only validating node yet it benefits from other advantages related to DLT.
https://cointelegraph.com/news/worl...s-framework-for-central-bank-digital-currency
This is the framework paper if anyone cares for the details: http://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_CBDC_Policymaker_Toolkit.pdf
DAVOS, Switzerland — A growing number of voices are calling for the U.S. to issue a "digital dollar" as China continues to work on a digital version of its own currency.
Users of the U.S. dollar are "underserved by an analogue currency in a digital world," Christopher Giancarlo, former chairman of the Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC), said during a side event at the World Economic Forum in Davos.
More: https://www.msn.com/en-us/money/mar...ith-a-digital-yuan/ar-BBZgb6L?ocid=spartandhp
Leaders of six major central banks undertaking joint research on digital currencies are considering holding their first meeting in mid-April in Washington, the Nikkei newspaper reported on Thursday.
A Bank of Japan executive said no timetable has been fixed for any meeting of the group, but said central banks must respond flexibly to rapid digitalisation to stay relevant as issuers of money.
"In Japan, we don't have any plans now to issue central bank digital currencies (CBDC)," BOJ board member Takako Masai told a news conference in Nara, western Japan, on Thursday.
"But we need to make an effort so we're ready to respond, in case public demand for central bank digital currencies rise dramatically," she said.
The central banks of Britain, the euro zone, Japan, Canada, Sweden and Switzerland announced a plan last month to share their findings to look at the case for issuing digital currencies, amid growing debate over the future of money.
The leaders of the six central banks and the Bank of International Settlements will meet in April to discuss ways to streamline cross-border settlement and security issues that need to be addressed if central banks issue digital currencies in the future, the paper said.
https://www.cnbc.com/2020/02/06/reu...igital-currency-meeting-in-april--nikkei.html
Japan needs closer cooperation with the U.S. to curb the potential influence of China’s planned digital currency, according to a senior lawmaker in Prime Minister Shinzo Abe’s ruling party.
Speaking ahead of the Friday release of proposals aimed at paving the way for digital currency use in Japan, Norihiro Nakayama, vice minister for foreign affairs, said he hoped the Federal Reserve would partner with six other central banks including the Bank of Japan in studying digital currencies.
“We sense the digital yuan is a challenge to the existing global reserve currency system and currency hegemony,” said Nakayama, a top member of the ruling party group that drafted the proposals. “Without the U.S., we cannot counter China’s efforts to challenge the existing reserve currency and international settlement system.”
The comments indicate the heightened concern among policy makers in Japan over the likely impact of a digitized yuan expected for later this year. ...
https://www.bloomberg.com/news/arti...-to-release-digital-currency-proposals-friday
pmbug, Feb 6, 2020
dragafem, mmm....shiney! and 66rounds like this.
I don't like quoting/linking Yahoo because their content is live for a short period of time before being deleted, but this was an original report, so...
On Tuesday, Federal Reserve Chairman Jerome Powell gave his monetary policy report in front of the U.S. House Financial Services Committee, and then withstood hours of questions from members of Congress.
Rep. Bill Foster, a Democrat from Illinois, spent his entire five minutes asking Powell about cryptocurrency.
That line of questioning yielded some perspective from Powell that the Fed chair not previously given, and his responses could stoke optimism or disappointment from many in the cryptocurrency world, depending on how they want to parse his typically very deliberate word choice.
So, what did we learn about Powell and crypto?
Federal Reserve Governor Lael Brainard revealed earlier this month that the Federal Reserve is looking into the possibility of designing and issuing a government-backed cryptocurrency, though she did cite “risks” the Fed sees. She specifically raised “the potential for a CBDC” or central bank digital currency.
Foster referenced Brainard’s remarks and asked Powell for his take. Powell made it clear that in his view, the U.S. dollar is working just fine: “Having a single government currency at the heart of the financial system is something that has served us well. It’s a very, very basic thing, it really hasn’t been in question, and I think before we move away from that, we should really understand what we’re doing. Preserving the centrality of a central, widely accepted currency that is accepted and trusted is an enormously important thing.”
He sounded pretty cautious about a central bank crypto (or “Fedcoin” as many have nicknamed it), but he also acknowledges that central banks around the world are at least looking into it.
“Every major central bank is currently taking a deep look at that,” Powell said. “We feel that’s our obligation, technology has now made that possible. I think it’s very much incumbent on us and other central banks to understand the costs and benefits and tradeoffs associated with a possible digital currency.”
The elephant in the room for the entire Fedcoin conversation is China.
Even as China has cracked down on certain cryptocurrencies and bitcoin miners in its country, Xi Jinping has urged Chinese companies to spur blockchain innovation, and now the PBOC (People’s Bank of China) is very close to issuing a state-run cryptocurrency.
Foster asked Powell if the Fed has “visibility” into what China is doing in this area and how far along it is. “Yes, we certainly have that,” Powell said. “But they’re in a completely different institutional context. For example, the idea of having a ledger where you know everybody’s payments, that’s not something that would be particularly attractive in the United States context. It’s not a problem in China.”
Indeed, a PBOC coin would obviously be centralized and run by the Chinese government, whereas the entire value proposition of bitcoin is that it is decentralized. In the U.S., where consumers are used to freedom and privacy, any financial ledger where the government has access to all the data will be greeted with heavy scrutiny.
https://finance.yahoo.com/news/fed-...yptocurrency-plans-us-response-211840877.html
Bitcoin's ledger is public domain. Govco can examine the data just like anyone else. It's always been a point of cognitive dissonance IMO with the whole crypto-privacy illusion.
pmbug, Feb 12, 2020
Silver Soul Well-Known Member Silver Stacker
Over the hill far away
I have digital water if you want to buy it. 10,000 dollars a litre on special
Silver Soul, Feb 12, 2020
mmm....shiney! Well-Known Member Silver Stacker
pmbug said: ↑
And what personal data can they extract from examining transactions on the blockchain?
mmm....shiney!, Feb 12, 2020
mmm....shiney! said: ↑
Wallets can be profiled. Here in the USA at least, any conversion of bitcoin to dollars or payment for goods ties a wallet to a person/address. If a bitcoin styled crypto were to be a national currency, you can bet that the technology for tracking wallets would become every bit as robust as the surveillance tech that tracks "smart" phones.
leo25 likes this.
bron.suchecki Well-Known Member
One of the topics I'm covering in today's market update for ABC Bullion. Central bankers are keen to become more central to the financial system, I think a digital currency is inevitable.
bron.suchecki, Feb 13, 2020
Shaddam IV likes this.
Shaddam IV Well-Known Member Silver Stacker
House Corrino
If there are other civilisations out in the universe I doubt that any of them that managed to invent computers and AI survived for long afterwards.
Computers are the ultimate way for a small number of people to completely subdue the rest of the species. That much power in the hands of so few practically ensures extinction. One mistake, one stupid decision by someone with that much power and the species falls.
Shaddam IV, Feb 13, 2020
Ozi Member
bron.suchecki said: ↑
So a digital currency could exist together with cash initially?
Ozi, Feb 13, 2020
sammysilver Well-Known Member Silver Stacker
By digital currency, I presume we mean government backed as opposed to a third party concoction like bitcoin. I know fiat is not gold backed, but we have the 12th largest economy in the world so any digital currency would be backed by the assets of the country.
sammysilver, Feb 14, 2020
They can, as long as they're tied to KYC identities etc, or if intelligence agencies have the software capability to run which they only do in some cases. We all know that.
However, Jerome Powell's comments (that's if he did say them) were disingenuous and extremely misleading.
If China is planning to develop a blockchain based currency system for the purpose of tracking the transactions of its citizens, that doesn't necessarily mean if the US government developed a blockchain based cryptocurrency then its function would be to track the transactions of individuals. It could quite easily develop a cryptocurrency that is decentralised just like the many others if it chose to which makes it difficult to trace transactions and in some cases impossible.
Ozi said: ↑
I think so, but as we see with the $10,000 cash ban and consumer preferences for cards and the like, cash will waste away.
What would be happening to gold when cash is wasting away?
Number 47 Well-Known Member
Exactly what's already happening as our fiat gets constantly diluted.
Gold price will continue to climb because the buying power of fiat dropping.
Most countries won't go cashless in our lifetimes, it's simply impossible. A form of cash needs to fill the gap between City's and towns with great internet access and remote communities, locations and outposts with poor, unreliable or no internet.
Number 47, Feb 14, 2020
JOHNLGALT, slavaja and Ozi like this.
I mean waste away in terms of usage, not value (although that continues unabated). A central bank digital currency has big implications for banks, as most mainstream investors holding cash would probably switch - why hold cash at a bank subject to $250k bank guarantee when you can hold directly with the RBA? Most probably won't consider the trap they are getting in if that becomes too popular then the government just says everyone should have balances at RBA and banks just lend.
Ozi likes this.
JOHNLGALT Well-Known Member
Country Victoria Australia
Number 47 said: ↑
PAPER & DIGITAL currency (not MONEY) reminds me of the South Park cartoon characters in the bank.
POOF, And it's GONE!!!!!! Sound like a TRAP @bron.suchecki ? LOL. _JOHNLGALT.
JOHNLGALT, Feb 14, 2020
balances at RBA and banks just lend.
So assuming this happens could something take control of all the deposits sitting in central banks resulting in one global central bank holding them all?
bron.suchecki likes this.
The first and second links in the OP lay out several design frameworks for a central bank digital currency (CBDC). See the wholesale and hybrid plans for examples of how they could coexist with cash (at least initially).
However, Jerome Powell's comments (that's if he did say them) were disingenuous and extremely misleading. ...
Yeah, that's what I was saying.
... that doesn't necessarily mean if the US government developed a blockchain based cryptocurrency then its function would be to track the transactions of individuals.
The blockchain ledger by definition/design maintains a record of every transaction. If a digital currency uses a blockchain ledger, then transactions are recorded and can be traced. The issue with Bitcoin, for example, is that wallets that hold the coins are opaque until they "meet the real world" by exchanging the coin for goods or fiat currency. At that point, the wallet is exposed as such exchanges tie wallets to people and/or places.
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0032.json.gz/line1826781
|
__label__cc
| 0.530616
| 0.469384
|
Another Good Dog
One Family and Fifty Foster Dogs
By Cara Sue Achterberg
A warm and entertaining memoir about what happens when you foster fifty dogs in less than two years—and how the dogs save you as much as you save them.
When Cara felt her teenaged children slipping away and saw an empty nest on the horizon, she decided the best way to fill that void was with dogs—lots of them—and so her foster journey began.
In 2015, her Pennsylvania farm became a haven for Operation Paws for Homes. There were the nine puppies at once, which arrived with less than a day’s notice; a heart- worm positive dog; a deeply traumatized stray pup from Iraq; and countless others who just needed a gentle touch and a warm place to sleep. Operation Paws for Homes rescues dogs from high-kill shelters in the rural south and shuttles them north to foster homes like Cara’s on the way to their forever homes.
What started as a search for a good dog, led to an epiphany that there wasn’t just one that could ll the hole left in her heart from her children gaining independence—she could save dozens along the way. The stories of these remarkable dogs— including an eighty-pound bloodhound who sang arias for the neighbors—and the joy they bring to Cara and her family (along with a few chewed sofa cushions) fill the pages of this touching and inspiring new book that reveals the wonderful rewards of fostering.
When asked how she can possibly say goodbye to that many loveable pups, Cara says, “If I don’t give this one away, I can’t possibly save another.” Filled with humanity and hope, Another Good Dog will take the reader on an journey of smiles, laughs, and tears—and lead us to wonder how many other good dogs are out there and what we can do to help.
Cara Sue Achterberg
Cara Sue Achterberg is the author of several books, including I'm Not Her and Girls Weekend, which were national bestsellers. She lives in New Freedom, Pennsylvania.
Publisher: Pegasus Books (August 7, 2018)
Pets > General
Pets > Dogs > General
Biography & Autobiography > Personal Memoirs
"Saddened by her emptying nest, Cara Sue Achterberg started fostering dogs—dozens of them. Here she shares the journey (and some supercute photos)."
"Another Good Dog is heartwarming and humorous. Achterberg fills her readers with the warmth of hope and light of inspiration, which will likely galvanize a new wave of fosters."
– Shelf Awareness
"As expected, the narrative revolves around tales of dogs and puppies. What’s unexpected are Achterberg’s personal reveals. The stories and photos will delight those who have a soft spot for dogs and the dog rescue mission."
"In this heartwarming memoir, Achterberg lovingly describes the ups and downs of her first two years rehabilitating 50 dogs for new lives in ‘forever homes.’ Illustrated with photographs of some of Achterberg's many fosters, this book blends insight and entertainment to tell an unforgettable story about seeking, and finding, life purpose through caring for abandoned dogs. A compassionate and humane canine tale."
"Witty and full of love, [Achterberg’s] memoir beautifully captures the personalities of the dogs she’s helped save and recounts the concurrent struggles in her family life, particularly watching her teenagers fly the nest. This easy read is a must for animal lovers and those interested in volunteering with animals and a good choice for reluctant readers."
"A big hearted, inspiring and passionate look at a critical piece of the rescue puzzle. Lucky are the dogs who pass through Achterberg’s arms on their way to the lives they so richly deserve. It takes a very special person to open her heart and home to a succession of hard luck dogs looking for their forever families for it means falling in love every time and then saying goodbye over and over and over again. Honest and engaging."
– Peter Zheutlin, New York Times bestselling author of 'Rescue Road'
"A love letter not only to the dogs she fostered, but to all the dogs she hopes to save in the future."
– Kim Kavin, author of 'The Dog Merchants'
"Cara Sue Achterberg has in fact written another good book about dogs, but even more so she has produced a manifesto on how to change the world: through single acts of caring and compassion stacked one on top of another without end."
– Jim Gorant, author of the New York Times bestseller 'The Lost Dogs'
"Ask any homeless dog to name his heart’s desire, and I suspect the answer would be a forever home. Sometimes, though, there are stops along the way to that longed-for destination. That’s where people like Cara Sue Achterberg come into the picture. Another Good Dog has to be the ‘feel good’ book of the year. The perfect gift."
– Best Friends
Book Cover Image (jpg): Another Good Dog
More books from this author: Cara Sue Achterberg
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0032.json.gz/line1826782
|
__label__cc
| 0.540906
| 0.459094
|
Stan Grierson Memorial
Direct Investment Support
ShareSoc Investor Academy
What is investing?
Understanding Compound Interest
Types of Investment
Investment dos & don’ts
Avoiding the Duds
Nominee Accounts
Personal Crest Accounts
AIM Company Scorecard
Understanding Corporate Governance
What is short selling?
UK Stock Market Statistics
Educational Videos & Webcasts
Data Sites & Tools
Investment Forums
Courses and Tutorials for Investors
ShareSoc Masterclasses
Upcoming Masterclasses
Public Masterclass Video Clips
Full Member Exclusive Masterclass Videos
ShareSoc News and Press Releases
ShareSoc in the News
Leaders and Laggards
Remuneration Reports
SIGnet Membership
Communication Preferences for ShareSoc Members and Campaign Supporters
Communication Preferences for Non-members
Home » AGM Reports » IDOX (IDOX) AGM Report 2014
IDOX (IDOX) AGM Report 2014
AGM Date: February 27, 2014 | Report Author: Roger Lawson
Only full members of ShareSoc may access this page. Please upgrade to gain access.
Investor Academy
Multimedia Education
Copyright © 2010/2020 All rights reserved. Sharesoc ® (UK Individual Shareholders Society). Terms of use and legal information (note this site uses cookies)
Digital Marketing by Chillibyte.
Jon Wallace
Jon Wallace, Environmental & Responsible Investment Analyst, of Jupiter Green Investment Trust. Before joining Jupiter, Jon worked at Forum for the Future, a sustainability advisor to corporate and public organisations. Jon has a BA in Economics and History from Oxford University, and an MSc in Environmental Technology from Imperial College, London.
Webinar Terms and Conditions
Important information – dates, speakers and topics may be subject to change. The material in Webinars (and any related presentation documents) is provided for information only and is not intended or should be interpreted as being investment, legal, tax or other advice or any recommendation to buy, or sell or otherwise transact in shares of certain companies. Investment advice can only be obtained from persons who are licensed in accordance with the Financial Conduct Authority https://www.fca.org.uk/. Views expressed in Webinars do not necessarily reflect ShareSoc policy. ShareSoc does not endorse or favour any specific commercial product or company. Payments for Masterclasses are non-refundable unless there is a transmission issue by ShareSoc, please note transmission issues by attendees will not qualify for refunds.
Gavin Pugh
Gavin has worked in the investment, and more specifically the spread betting, industry for over 20 years, with particular focus on trading equities. The last 8 years have been spent as a Sales Trader at IG and before that he was part of trading team at Spreadex when they started business back in 2000.
Laith Khalaf
Laith Khalaf started his career in financial services at Hargreaves Lansdown in 2001, since which time he’s worked in a variety of roles across pensions and investments, covering both DIY and advised business. In 2007 he began to focus on research and analysis, and has since become a leading industry commentator, and a regular contributor to the financial pages of the national press. He’s a frequent guest on TV and radio, and for several years provided daily business bulletins on LBC. He now holds the position of financial analyst with AJ Bell, responsible for producing analysis and content focused on investments and personal finance topics for AJ Bell’s customers and the financial media.
Judith Mackenzie
Judith joined Downing in October 2009. Previously she was a partner at Acuity Capital managing AIM-quoted VCT and IHT investments and a small-cap activist fund. Prior to Acuity, Judith spent nine years as a senior investment manager with Aberdeen Asset Management Growth Capital as co Fund Manager of the 5 Aberdeen VCTs, focusing on technology and media investments in both the public and private arenas. Judith is a Non Executive Director of the Quoted Companies Alliance and is an active member on Boards both in the private and public arenas.
Nick Naylor
Nick trained as a chartered accountant, qualifying in 1992. Since qualifying he has acted as a corporate broker and investment banker at Crédit Lyonnais Securities (1994 to 2000), Robert W. Baird Limited (2000 to 2004) and Noble & Company (2005 to 2008). During his career he has advised a wide variety of companies on numerous transactions, including fund raisings, acquisitions and restructurings as well as acting as finance director to an online retailer. Nick joined Allenby Capital in July 2009 and became its Chief Executive in July 2011.
Steven Tredget
Steven joined Oakley in 2017 and has more than 18 years of investment banking experience. Steven’s focus is fund raising, communications and investor relations for Oakley Capital Investments, Oakley Capital and its portfolio companies. Prior to joining Oakley, Steven was a founding partner of investment bank Liberum Capital, where he raised equity capital for hundreds of companies and advised on public market listings. He began his career in 1997 at Collins Stewart, where he held equity research and sales roles.
Holly Mackay
Holly has worked in finance since 1999. She is a financial expert, a commentator on investment markets and the founder and MD of Boring Money. She passionately believes that we can explain things better, and that investments shouldn’t just be for “The Old Boys”.
Holly is a regular media commentator and has appeared on or contributed to the BBC, The Times, The Telegraph and The Mail on Sunday. She is living proof that you can be in Set 4 for Maths when you’re 13 and still get your head around investments.
Gordon Wilson
Gordon Wilson is Senior Manager in PwC’s Stakeholder Assurance team, which specialises in assurance over ESG and other non-financial information. He works with to a broad range of mostly large multinational corporates over their management and reporting of environmental and social metrics. Gordon also runs PwC’s Building Public Trust Awards for Sustainability Reporting which assesses the quality of sustainability reporting for over 450 of the UK’s largest public and private corporate reporters on an annual basis.
He was until recently the Chairman of the Technical Working Group for the Climate Disclosures Standards Board, is a member of the Institute of Chartered Accountants in England and Wales (ICAEW) and was a Project Consultant for HRH The Prince of Wales’s Accounting for Sustainability Project during 2008 and 2009.
Behind The Balance Sheet Courses
Behind the Balance Sheet is a top training consultancy for professional equity analysts with clients including Schroders, Legal and General, Baillie Gifford, Ruffer, Pictet and many more. Founder Steve Clapham is a veteran analyst with many years of experience on the sell side and as a partner and head of research at two multi billion hedge funds. He now also runs online courses for private investors. Watch the video to learn more.
An investment strategy is what guides an investor’s decisions based on goals, risk tolerance, and future needs for capital. Some investment strategies seek rapid growth where an investor focuses on capital appreciation, or they can follow a low-risk strategy where the focus is on wealth protection.
Diversifying your portfolio is important to manage your risk. What does diversification mean? It means spreading your risk between investments with different characteristics, so that if one investment, or group of investments doesn’t perform well it doesn’t do too much damage to the overall performance of your portfolio.
For example, it is unwise for your portfolio to be invested in only one or two companies: should one of those companies fail, you could lose a very large part of your available capital, which it would be hard to recover from.
Types of Diversification
There are various ways you can diversify your portfolio. Most obviously by investing in several companies. Another consideration, however, is geographical diversification, i.e. not having all your investments linked to the economic performance of one country or region. A common failing of investors is “home country bias”, i.e. focusing your investments on companies operating in the country you live in or are most familiar with. Should that country underperform economically (or if shares in that country’s markets appear overpriced), that will damage your returns, so it makes sense to include investments that are exposed to a variety of regions in your portfolio (biasing towards those that appear to offer the best prospective returns).
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0032.json.gz/line1826786
|
__label__wiki
| 0.789741
| 0.789741
|
Grand Jury finds fault in Sheriff’s operation of Truckee substation
TRUCKEE, Calif. – Nevada County’s Grand Jury released a report Wednesday finding substandard safety measures and inmate supervision at the Nevada County Sheriff’s Office Truckee substation and the Superior Court holding facility.
The Grand Jury found deficiencies in the surveillance at the substation, as cameras do not monitor all inmate areas, including their cells.
Nevada County Sheriff Keith Royal reviewed the report and said surveillance at the 1960s-era facility is adequate.
“In a perfect world you want to be looking in the cells, but we can’t do that, because we sometimes have female inmates up there and we can’t have males viewing those cells,” Royal said.
Officers have surveillance cameras on the common areas between cells and periodically monitor activity within the cells, he said.
The report also cited a lack of supervision of inmates on work details around the facility, the courthouse and Truckee library. Sometimes, the inmates are not always searched for contraband upon return to the facility, which raises safety issues, the Grand Jury found.
That’s a function of what sort of low-security inmates are selected to work at the Truckee facility, Royal said.
“We’re very rigorous in how we screen who goes up there,” Royal said. “Generally what they are is someone who’s never been to jail before, maybe for a DUI and they have to serve a few days, or a domestic violence case where they have no prior criminal history.”
The report also cited a deficiency found by the Truckee Fire Marshal. The deficiency – regarding how some electric wires were positioned close to flammable, wooden material – has been corrected, Royal said.
The Grand Jury also cited a problem with the way inmates are transported into the Nevada County Superior Court’s Truckee branch. Inmates are loaded into a secure vehicle at the substation, then driven to the court, where they are led from the vehicle through an unsecured, outdoor area with zero cameras, through an entrance used by the public and into the courtroom, the report said.
Without better funding for the courts, that problem can’t be readily addressed, Royal said. He pointed to Gov. Jerry Brown’s 2011-2012 budget, which cuts funding for courts and court construction.
“I just don’t see that money being available at the moment,” he said.
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0032.json.gz/line1826794
|
__label__wiki
| 0.816878
| 0.816878
|
Measure urges federal money for rural schools
Soumitro Sen-Sun News Service
State senators may soon act on a resolution that would urge Congress to provide stable funding to roads and schools in rural counties with U.S. Forest Service lands, said Bill Bird, spokesman for Sen. Sam Aanestad, R-Grass Valley.A measure authored by Aanestad requesting the federal money was approved unanimously by the Senate Committee on Education this week, Bird said. The measure will go to the Senate floor within a month, he added.The measure comes at a time when budget cuts are jeopardizing jobs and services in schools in Nevada County and elsewhere, doubling the effect of declining revenues that come with shrinking school attendance.Through the measure, state senators want Congress to make up for money formerly channeled to rural schools through the Secure Schools and Community Self Determination Act. In 1908, the National Forest Revenue Act promised money from timber sales to rural schools in areas with national forests. But with environmental concerns limiting the federal timber sales program in the 1990s, Congress passed the Secure Rural Schools and Community Self Determination Act in 2000 to continue funding rural schools. The Secure Rural Schools Act expired last year but was extended to September 2009, Bird said.Nevada County receives about $637,000 a year from the Secure Rural Schools Act, he said. Half the money goes to county schools and the other half to maintain roads, he added.There is no funding commitment for 2009 or 2010, Bird said. If schools dont get that funding commitment, they will have to send out letters warning teachers of cutbacks.This is not a binding measure, Bird said. It is urging Congress to renew this program, Bird said. The Congress may choose either to take actions or ignore it.
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0032.json.gz/line1826795
|
__label__wiki
| 0.572831
| 0.572831
|
Stand By Me Home Manifesto What We Do Sponsor a Child
News Our Story Donate Get Involved
Lydia's February on the floor
I am sleeping on the floor for a week to lift a child off the ground and into their first bed
In August this year I will be taking a team of 8 young people with Belfast YMCA to Bekoji, Ethiopia to join in the work of Stand By Me. While we are there we want to purchase and build beds for families which don't yet have one. This February I am spending a week (23rd-29th) sleeping on the floor to raise money to buy a bed for a family in Ethiopia. There are families who spend every night sleeping on the cold, hard floor so I'm taking on the February on the floor challenge so that they no longer have to and instead can sleep in a comfortable bed.
A week of discomfort for me will be completely worth it as I know that a bed will transform this family's life. Please give generously as we would love to give the gift of a bed to as many families as possible.
I can't wait to update you with photos and details of my experience and I will share photos I will receive of the families in Ethiopia whose lives have been changed because of your support.
Stand by Me rescues kids from extreme circumstances, then does whatever it takes to provide the care, love and attention they need to thrive. We care for 3,500 kids across the world, from Myanmar to Colombia to Ethiopia. No two are the same, some are orphaned, some abandoned, some abused or living in extreme poverty, so we take care to understand and meet each of their individual needs from food and healthcare, to loving parents and quality education. We're in this for the long term, until they reach their potential, stand on their own two feet and become who they were created to be.
An anonymous donor gave £5
An anonymous donor gave £20
MRS R G ANDERSON gave £32
Kellie gave £8
Daniel Black gave £10
Mrs L M Hetherington donated to this appeal
Andrew gave £32
Stuart T Newburn gave £10
Mr M Neish gave £20
This can purchase a pillow
0 people have done this
This will provide sheets for the bed
This can provide a blanket to keep them warm
This will purchase a mattress
This will provide a bed frame
This will provide an entire bed
1 person has done this
Or specify your own one-off donation
Give by Debit or Credit Card
Receive monthly updates and occasional appeals:
Follow us on: Twitter Facebook Instagram
Or contact us:
London Office: 630 Upper Brentwood Road, Romford, Essex, RM2 6HS Tel: 00 44 1708 442271
Northern Ireland Office: 16 West Street, Carrickfergus, Co. Antrim, BT38 7AR Tel: 00 44 28 9335 0009
© Stand By Me 2015 Stand By Me is a registered Charitable Incorporated Organisation in the UK (no. 1185124) Website by Atto Partners
Stand by... almost there...
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0032.json.gz/line1826809
|
__label__cc
| 0.603028
| 0.396972
|
Home > Ghostbusters
SOLD OUT Star Wars The Vintage Collection Star Wars: The Clone Wars 501st Legion ARC Troopers
Strictly one per customer. Multiple orders to the same address will be cancelled.
Maximum ONE PER CUSTOMER PER ADDRESS.
Multiple orders to the same address/account will be cancelled without notice on all these SDCC exclusives. As they were not intended to be sold online and only sold at conventions, which for obvious reasons were cancelled this year, so they are very limited.
The Clone Troopers of the 501st Legion were a tight-knit bunch, loyal to the end to their Jedi General, Anakin Skywalker.
Celebrate the legacy of Star Wars, the action-and-adventure-packed space saga from a galaxy far, far away, with premium 3.75-inch scale figures and vehicles from Star Wars The Vintage Collection. Figures feature premium detail and design across product and packaging inspired by the original line released in 2010, as well as the movie-real collector grade deco that fans have come to know and love. (Additional products each sold separately. Subject to availability.)
Featuring premium detail and design across multiple points of articulation inspired by Star Wars: The Clone Wars, this Star Wars The Vintage Collection 3.75-inch-scale collectible set makes a great gift for fans and collectors.
Includes: 3 figures and 15 accessories.
Clone Troopers Echo, Fives, and Jesse were comrades-in-arms in the 501st
Legion, each working their way up to ARC Trooper status
Star Wars The Vintage Collection 3.75-inch scale classic Star Wars figures and vehicles feature original Kenner branding (Each sold separately. Subject to availability.)
This special action figure set 3-pack is inspired by the characters in Star Wars: The Clones Wars, and makes a great gift for Star Wars collectors and fans
Highly poseable with realistic detail, the Star Wars 501st Legion ARC Trooper figures can be displayed in action figure and vehicle collections
Look for other Star Wars 3.75-inch scale The Vintage Collection figures and vehicles to collect, swap with friends, or give as gifts (Each sold separately. Subject to availability.)
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0032.json.gz/line1826810
|
__label__wiki
| 0.97383
| 0.97383
|
OHA trustees vote to rescind support of Thirty Meter Telescope
By Star-Advertiser & Associated Press
Spectators crowded the Office of Hawaiian Affairs board room as the board reconsidered its support of the Thirty-Meter Telescope Thursday morning.
[ AD HAS BEEN REMOVED FROM THIS STORY ]
The Office of Hawaiian Affairs voted Thursday afternoon to rescind its support for building one of the world’s largest telescopes near the summit of Mauna Kea.
After hearing four hours of testimony, the trustees voted 6-1 in favor of rescinding their 2009 support of the Big Island telescope. However before the vote, they passed an amendment that removed language saying OHA opposed the telescope. Passing that amendment angered some telescope opponents at the board meeting.
"We have the opportunity to send a strong message that it is no longer business as usual for Hawaiians," said trustee Dan Ahuna.
Trustee Peter Apo said rescinding without opposing would allow OHA to remain part of the discussion with the goal of eventual decommissioning of other telescopes already on the mountain.
The builders of the TMT said by rescinding, but not opposing, OHA was taking a neutral stance on the telescope.
They said the action taken Thursday by OHA does not affect TMT’s legal right to move forward with construction.
The $1.4 billion Thirty Meter Telescope project has been facing opposition from those who say building it on Mauna Kea would desecrate sacred land.
Public opposition has been mounting since dozens of protesters blocking the construction site were recently arrested. The company building the telescope agreed to extend a construction moratorium.
"We are naturally disappointed that the Office of Hawaiian Affairs has changed its position on the Thirty Meter Telescope project. However, we are by no means discouraged. We must now redouble our commitment to respectfully continuing dialogue and engagement with OHA and all other stakeholders," said Henry Yang, chairman of the TMT International Observatory Board.
Some opponents of the project in the crowded boardroom expressed disappointment that OHA didn’t take a stronger stance.
Kuuipo Freitas, a master’s degree student in Hawaiian language and literature at the University of Hawaii’s Hilo campus, said she was one of the 31 protesters arrested for what she called protecting sacred land from desecration.
"Standing for the mauna, the biggest gain of all will be the support and trust of the Hawaiian people," she told the board before the vote. "That’s what OHA has been striving for, for years."
The rent and money a telescope foundation has pledged for education is "soft money," she said. "OHA needs to stop bowing down to the dollar and starting bowing down to the mauna."
Sovereignty activist Bumpy Kanahele had urged trustees to take a stand. "We got to stop the TMT, period. Our national sovereignty is on the line."
Through tears, aspiring astronomer Mailani Neal told trustees that as a Native Hawaiian, the telescope will allow her to work in Hawaii one day. The Hawaii Preparatory Academy high school senior skipped school to travel from her home in Kailua-Kona with her parents to testify at the meeting.
While she spoke, some in the audience made negative comments that caught the ire of trustee Colette Machado. "Hilahila to the people in the back," she said, using the Hawaiian term for shame. If people couldn’t be respectful, "get out," she scolded.
At one point during the meeting, when trustees took a recess to seek clarification on the vote, opponents and supporters seemed to put their differences aside by joining hands in a circle to sing "Hawaii Aloha."
Click here to see our full coverage of the coronavirus outbreak. Submit your coronavirus news tip.
Get web push notifications from Star-Advertiser when the next breaking story happens — it's FREE! You just need a supported web browser.
Subscribe for this feature
Comments have been disabled for this story...
Lava falls below newly formed lake rim
Turtle Bay preservation deal reached
Subscriber Favorites
Hawaii reports 129 additional coronavirus infections statewide
University of Tennessee fires coach Jeremy Pruitt, 9 others for ‘serious’ NCAA issues
Martin Luther King Jr. Day 2021: List of what’s open and closed today on Oahu
VIDEO: Hawaii bar owners John Harrison and Bill Comerford appeal to leaders to lift coronavirus restrictions
Twitter suspends U.S. congresswoman over election fraud claims
Get the latest news by email Sign Up
More Top News
Firefighters rescue 9 stranded hikers in North Kohala during flash flood
McConnell points finger at Trump in U.S. Capitol riot
Georgia lawyer boasted about storming Pelosi’s office, court says
Thai court hands down record 43-year sentence for insulting king
Jan. 20, 2009: Hawaii-born Barack Obama becomes 44th president of the United States
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0032.json.gz/line1826811
|
__label__wiki
| 0.70441
| 0.70441
|
Seniors surge to Minnesota COVID vaccine registration site
Business MyPillow CEO shrugs off distancing by retailers, presses election fraud case
Lionel Messi avoided a tougher sanction and was suspended for only two matches on Tuesday after hitting an opponent in an incident away from the ball in the Spanish Super Cup final.
Canadian officials say the country won't be getting any Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine next week and 50% less than expected over the next month.
The 35-year-old journeyman quarterback that made the two plucky plays in the final minutes of regulation that helped get the Kansas City Chiefs into the AFC championship game was fortunate to even be on the team.
Kyrie Irving rejoined the Brooklyn Nets on Tuesday, saying he took a leave of absence because he "just needed a pause."
The San Diego Padres brought right-hander Joe Musgrove to his hometown team Tuesday, adding yet another starting pitcher in a seven-player trade involving the Pittsburgh Pirates and New York Mets.
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0032.json.gz/line1826813
|
__label__wiki
| 0.506828
| 0.506828
|
03-UNICEF-CBCPC-Host Community-10-01-2019-sujanmap
UNICEF-CBCPC-0125-10-01-2019-sujanmap.jpeg
UNICEF- CBCPC 0123-0126 ASMA, adolescent club representative and member of Community-Based Child Protection Committees (CBCPCs), discusses about child marriage, trafficking and education challenges for young people in the host community during a CBCPC meeting with parents and community members at the Child Friendly Space in Balukhali. UNICEF provides support to host-community children and adolescents through its 10 Child-Friendly Spaces (CFS) and 90 Adolescent Clubs (AC) in the host community. UNICEF reaches 9,000 children and 4,000 adolescents at these facilities. Parents and care givers of the children and adolescents take part in Community-Based Child Protection Committees (CBCPCs). The CBCPCs serve as platforms to improve community awareness on child protection to prevent violence, abuse, neglect and exploitation. They serve as a watchdog and first line of reporting abuse, while referring survivors for counselling and services. In total, 83 members from CBCPCs are working to improve the protective environment for children and adolescents. Balukhali, Teknaf, Cox’s Bazar. Photo: b.a.sujaN / UNICEF / Map
UNICEF- CBCPC 0127-0129 Meeting with Parents and Host Community members of the of Community-Based Child Protection Committees (CBCPCs) at the Child Friendly Space in Balukhali. Amena Khatun adolescent club representative and member of Community-Based Child Protection Committees (CBCPCs), discusses about child protection and education issues faced by young people in the host community. UNICEF provides support to host-community children and adolescents through its 10 Child-Friendly Spaces (CFS) and 90 Adolescent Clubs (AC) in the host community. UNICEF reaches 9,000 children and 4,000 adolescents at these facilities. Parents and care givers of the children and adolescents take part in Community-Based Child Protection Committees (CBCPCs). The CBCPCs serve as platforms to improve community awareness on child protection to prevent violence, abuse, neglect and exploitation. They serve as a watchdog and first line of reporting abuse, while referring survivors for counselling and services. In total, 83 members from CBCPCs are working to improve the protective environment for children and adolescents. Balukhali, Teknaf, Cox’s Bazar. Photo: b.a.sujaN / UNICEF / Map
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0032.json.gz/line1826823
|
__label__cc
| 0.714023
| 0.285977
|
Telit Launches First Industrial Grade 5G M.2 Data Card
Leveraging the full feature set of the groundbreaking second-generation Qualcomm® Snapdragon™X55 5G Modem-RF System, the data card supports the latest 5G deployments
Breaking new ground with advanced 5G New Radio (NR) connection testing and validation using state of the art equipment from Anritsu and Rohde & Schwarz
London, October 30, 2019 – Telit, a global enabler of the Internet of Things (IoT), today announced the commercial availability of its industrial grade 5G data card, the FN980m. The data card is designed for use globally, incorporating support for all scenarios prescribed by the 3GPP for short, mid and long-term deployments of 5G, including non-standalone LTE-5G NR dual connectivity (EN-DC), dynamic spectrum sharing between LTE and 5G, and full 5G NR standalone mode. The data card enables new opportunities and markets for original equipment manufacturers (OEMs), system integrators and service providers working with industrial routers and gateways, fixed wireless access, professional mobile high-resolution video broadcasting equipment and beyond. For more information, visit https://www.telit.com/5g-ready-modules-data-cards/.
“Since we started in cellular back in the 1980s, Telit has made delivering the best wireless performance in our products part of our brand promise,” said Marco Contento, vice president, technologies, Telit. “We understand just how critical quality is for radios carrying business or control data in commercial and industrial operations. In addition to applying more engineering into our RF design, Telit leverages its longstanding collaborations with leaders like Qualcomm Technologies, Anritsu and Rohde & Schwarz whose pioneering work in 5G is helping revolutionize the Internet of Things.”
Anritsu and Rohde & Schwarz are leading companies that specialize in electronic instrumentation for testing telecommunication equipment. Their innovative test solutions are ideal for the complex radio operation and compliance environments of 5G NR; in both R&D and production use cases. Rigorous validation testing is continuing for the new 5G M.2 data card powered by the Snapdragon X55 5G Modem-RF System to ensure best-in-class RF performance.
“The second-generation Snapdragon X55 Modem-RF System supports all major frequency bands. Support for all kinds of spectrum is crucial in enabling OEMs looking to commercialize their IoT solutions in different applications and industries,“ said Francesco Grilli, vice president, product management, Qualcomm Technologies, Inc. “We‘re happy to collaborate with industry leaders like Telit to enable the 5G IoT space with an industrial data card aimed at expanding 5G beyond smartphones.”
“Anritsu is delighted that we could contribute to the Telit’s important 5G NR data connection test using our market-leading MT8000A Radio Communication Test Station,” said Tsutomu Tokuke, vice president, Anritsu Corporation. “Anritsu provides continued support for mmWave testing in the next stage by leveraging our experience in the market.”
“We are very happy to partner with Telit on 5G NR testing,” said Anton Messmer, vice president, mobile radio testers, Rohde & Schwarz. “This way, we not only contribute to driving this key technology forward, but also inspire further joint activities with Telit as well as other valued partners in the industry. With our comprehensive and flexible 5G NR test solutions such as the new R&S CMX500 radio communication tester, we address all the 5G NR testing needs of today and tomorrow.”
Based on the Snapdragon X55 5G Modem-RF System, the FN980m data card supports Sub-6GHz FDD/TDD and LTE Category 20 – 7x carrier aggregation. For millimeter wave operation the card can be paired with the Qualcomm® QTM525 mmWave antenna module for near-the-ground low power indoor and outdoor applications; it is currently the only 5G card in the market that is compatible with the Qualcomm® QTM527 mmWave extended-range antenna module for high-mount outdoor applications.
Other key specifications for the FN980m data card include:
2 (NGFF) 30x50mm, double sided form factor
Includes drivers for Linux
5G standalone and non-standalone
5G data rates up to 5.5 Gbps download (DL), 3 Gbps upload (UL)
LTE data rates up to 2 Gbps DL, 211Mbps UL
4G 256 QAM DL and UL, up to 7CA 20 Layer DL, 2CA UL
4×4 MIMO for 4G & 5G (sub 6GHz)
GNSS gpsOne Gen9 L1/L5
OEMs in North America, Korea and Japan have already selected and designed in the FN980m data card, in application areas including the industrial IoT, enterprise networks and professional video broadcasting. Samples are currently shipping, with commercial shipments following in Q1 2020. Concluding regulatory certifications in multiple countries in Asia with operator and industry certifications expected for Europe and the Americas in Q1 2020.
Qualcomm and Snapdragon are trademarks of Qualcomm Incorporated, registered in the United States and other countries. Qualcomm Snapdragon X55 5G Modem-RF System, Qualcomm QTM525 mmWave antenna module and Qualcomm QTM527 mmWave antenna module are products of Qualcomm Technologies, Inc. and/or its subsidiaries.
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0032.json.gz/line1826827
|
__label__cc
| 0.562781
| 0.437219
|
You are here: Home / Front Page News / Diego Schwartzman Wins Rio Open for Second Career ATP World Tour Title
Diego Schwartzman Wins Rio Open for Second Career ATP World Tour Title
February 25, 2018 by Tennis Panorama News
(February 25, 2018) Argentina’s Diego Schwartzman claimed his second career ATP World Tour tennis title beating Spain’s Fernando Verdasco 6-2, 6-4 to win the Rio Open. This is his first ATP 500 tournament victory. The sixth seeded Argentine will enter the Top 20 in the rankings on Monday for the first time at No. 18.
This was Verdasco’s first final since 2016 Bucharest.
“It means a lot,” said the winner. “I never thought before the week I am going to be here with the trophy. It was an amazing week for me. Everything was perfect. Every match, every set was perfect for me, playing my best tennis. I am really happy.”
“When you pass a few matches you start to feel better every match. I think that was the key for me: every match, I was playing better.”
The week was not a complete loss for the runner up, as the eighth-seeded Verdasco teamed with countryman David Marrero to win the doubles title Saturday night. They defeated Nikola Mektic of Croatia and Alexander Peya of Austria, 5-7, 7-5, 10-8. Verdasco claimed the title as a lucky loser, teaming with David Marrero to earn their seventh title as a team.
“He was much more assertive than me, perhaps a bit in part due to my tiredness and from the tension of the doubles final yesterday, in addition to the last set against Fabio [Fognini] in the semi-finals,” noted the Spaniard.
“When I served well, he would recover and play better than me. His legs were more fresh than mine and in the end, he deserved the victory more than me.”
Filed Under: Front Page News, tennis news, tournaments Tagged With: Alexander Peya, David Marrero, Diego Schwartzman, Fernando Verdasco, Nikola Mektic, Rio Open, tennis, tennis news
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0032.json.gz/line1826828
|
__label__wiki
| 0.516149
| 0.516149
|
☰ ✖
Swiss Fashion Brands
EventsExhibitionTravel
Queen: The Studio Experience Montreux
April 30, 2019 by Darya von Bergen
Queen: The Studio Experience in Montreux is an exhibition which gives fans a glimpse into the legendary band’s most pivotal creative periods.
From 1978 – 1995, Queen recorded off and on in Mountain Studios, based out of Montreux, Switzerland, coming up with many famous tracks for six of their acclaimed albums. Visitors have access to the control room, original instruments, handwritten lyrics, and have the opportunity to sit in the same studio chair that Freddie Mercury did during his recording sessions. You can even make your own mixes of Queen tracks from the mixing board.
Opened since 2013, the Studio Experience showcases the atmosphere that inspired many of Queen’s beloved songs. One of the main focuses of the exhibition is Freddie Mercury’s connection with Montreux and the surrounding area, which he and his bandmates considered a retreat from fame. Over the years they developed a great love for the town, and this is where he spent his final months working on his last recordings.
The Studio Experience in Montreux is put on by the Mercury Phoenix Trust, a non-profit which was created to honor Freddie Mercury and push forward the fight against HIV. This is a great cause to contribute to, and a unique way to experience and pay tribute to such a celebrated life.
In 1996 a three metres high bronze statue of Freddie was erected in Montreux on the edge of Lake Geneva as a tribute to one of the town’s most famous former residents.
Photos: The Studio Experience Montreux
Timeline of Queen’s activities at Mountain Studios
Memorabilia from Queen’s 15th album Made In Heaven (1995)
Iconic costumes from UK and international concerts
Replica set up of the original Mountain Studio recording studio
A replica of mixing console on which visitors can remix classic Queen tracks
Original handwritten lyrics and a game of scrabble
The Mercury Phoenix Trust, set up by Brian May, Roger Taylor and Jim Beach in memory of Freddie Mercury
In Montreux with Freddie. In this scenic location in their Swiss based Mountain Studios Queen regularly recorded between 1978 – 1995, working on many songs from six of their most popular albums. The Studio Experience Montreux Exhibition is open to public for everyone to discover original Queen handwritten song lyrics, band members’ own instruments and costumes, studio tape boxes and specially created interactive audio and visual environments @officialqueenmusic ???На набережной Монтре с Фредди Меркьюри. Группа Queen любила это место и с 1978 – 1995 записывала песни к шести самым популярным альбомам в свой швейцарской студии Mountain Studios. Выставка Queen – The Studio Experience открыта для посетителей в здании казино. #swissglam #montreux #монтре #montreuxriviera #mountainstudios #freddiemercury #queenband #freddiemercuryqueen #фреддимеркьюри
A post shared by Darya von Bergen – Swiss Blog (@swissglam) on Apr 28, 2019 at 8:33am PDT
Daryl Moir - a woman on October 15, 2019 at 5:15 AM Reply
I’m a huge fan of Freddie Mercury and Queen and no one that is special, because everyone loved them. I love everything about them. Freddie was so “real a person.” He always said it like it was and you could like it or lump it…your choice. I loved how he loved life and wanted to do and see everything (as long as it wasn’t boring..God forbid darlings, bordam can kill you.) I think we all must feel that if he had been more cautious and had taken the whole AIDS thing more seriously, he’d still be with us today!! He did tell Mary in the movie “he wasn’t afraid of anything” so there you go. I have read 7 different books on them, I am working on getting the last two or three cd’s to complete my collection of their music. i also want to get all their videos as part of this overall collection I have. Now, in mentioning the other members of Queen, I admire them a lot as highly professional musicians, but a ‘top notch’ group of professional, compassionate, empathetic and understanding people. They were and are a ‘class act’ of individuals There is one thing that surprises me and I guess I don’t understand this. The Freddie Mercury AIDS Foundation was established by Jim Beach (I also loved him) along with Brian May and Roger Taylor. Why was John Deacon not part of the establishment of this Foundation?? From everything I’ve read, John was truly traumatized when Freddie died and my readings seem to indicate that played a big part in him dropping out as a Queen band member and becoming so reclusive. I’d love to have an answer to this, if anyone has the explanation. I love people who have no trouble “being real” no matter the cost. I love different in fashion…who wants to look like everyone else. I love people who do what they want to do even at the expense of disapproval by others (as long as they aren’t hurting anybody). It’s a cliche, I know, but no one has or will be able to live up to another Freddie Mercury in any way…his voice…his fashion sense…being able to get 60,000 people on their own to sing Bohemian Rhapody in Wimbly Stadium and know all the words to the song and sing in unisen, let alone a croud of thousands upon thousands singing on queue whenever Freddie wanted them to. He was outrageous in every way and didn’t care and was the best at poking fun at himself or letting others poke fun at him. He was gay, but who cares!! His overall uniqueness in all ways will never be duplicated again. He truly was a LEGEND not a rock star!! May he forever rain on his thrown as the very best of the best in everything he did and said. I love you Freddie, Queen members and Jim Hutton. I hope you and Freddie are together and that your love for each other becomes stronger and stronger as each day goes by.
But as the junior mates were hurrying to execute the order, a pale man, with.
Online Food Shopping in Switzerland under Food, Shopping
The Chedi Andermatt Hotel Winter under Hotels
Swiss Brand Lab 224 under Clothing & Accessories, Fashion, Shopping, Swiss Fashion Brands
Mode Suisse Edition 18 under Events, Fashion, Fashion events, Swiss Fashion Brands
airport art canton Bern horse racing museums online shop openair opera house zurich promotion swissbrand swiss made swissmade swiss music ticino Zurich
Business inquiries: darya@swissglam.ch
Copyright since 2014, SwissGlam Blog. All rights reserved.
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0032.json.gz/line1826833
|
__label__wiki
| 0.826067
| 0.826067
|
"The Beatles Anthology" sessions
Jam session with George Harrison and Ringo Starr
Thursday, June 23, 1994 • For The Beatles
Feb 11, 1994 - 1996 • Songs recorded during this session appear on Anthology 1
Timeline More from year 1994
Friar Park Studio, Henley-on-Thames, UK
Some songs from this session appear on:
Meet The Threetles
Recording "Now And Then"
Home recordings
Spread the love! If you like what you are seeing, share it on social networks and let others know about The Paul McCartney Project.
(the content of this page is taken from http://reunionsessions.tripod.com/al/faabsessions/1994c.html )
George, Paul and Ringo convened (accompanied by their respective wives) at George’s studio at his Friar Park mansion, apparently to perform a symbolic version of “Let It Be” to be filmed for the conclusion of the Anthology TV series.
John’s absence was apparently so overwhelming that, after a long private discussion between the three out in the garden (unconfirmed rumours suggest George was particularly unhappy with the plan and that the ‘discussion’ lasted three hours), the idea was abandoned and the Fab Three turned their hands instead to re-working rock and roll classics much favoured from their Quarry Men and pre-Beatlemania days. Ringo confirmed that the trio played an acoustic jam; “It was just two acoustic guitars and me on brushes“.
It was just like a time-warp kind of thing. We played some old rock-and-roll stuff, a couple of Chuck Berry’s, even I Saw Her Standing There.
The jam was filmed for possible inclusion in the upcoming Anthology videos but, initially, only a minute long segment of the threesome performing Blue Moon Of Kentucky was screened publicly (on the television program ‘Good Morning America‘ on December 6th, 1996).
The original video release of the series featured Ringo drumming along (or so it appears) to Love Me Do, an extremely brief run-through of the White Album track I Will and a longer performance of the unreleased Harrison song Dera Dhune (both performed out in the garden rather than the studio).
Speaking in late 1996, Bob Smeaton, Anthology TV series director, was quite enthusiastic about the Friar Park recordings:
Smeaton: The more we include of the three guys together, the more we realise that John isn’t there. In years to come people might get the chance to see that footage of the three of them playing together at George’s place. Knowing the way Apple works, it’ll come out eventually, in some shape or form. There’s a whole load of that stuff, we were there for a full day and the Beatles started playing songs like Thinking Of Linking and Ain’t She Sweet. A little bit of this film was used when George sang Dehra Dune. They did a whole load of rock’n’roll songs. And we shot a load of stuff at Abbey Road, with the three guys and George Martin, which was fantastic. For the Beatles fan, it’s priceless, I’m sure that somewhere down the line, that stuff will come out.
The special features disc later included on the 2003 Anthology DVD set included much more footage from this day, including the performances of Raunchy, Thinking Of Linking, Blue Moon Of Kentucky, Baby What You Want Me To Do, I Will, Dera Dhun and Ain’t She Sweet. The songs performed out in the garden feature Paul and George on ukeleles.
Unconfirmed press reports at the time claimed that George, Paul and Ringo had now completed around ten hours of recordings, prompting rumours that the trio was working on an entire album. What exactly was recorded (apart from the above-specified tracks) is still a mystery, although it’s unlikely those ten hours of tape all comprise new Beatles songs. The August 1994 Beatles Monthly reported that in recent weeks the Beatles ‘came up with some fresh musical ideas for the soundtrack of their Anthology series‘ and speculated the bulk of the recordings may also be comprised of ‘warm-up demos‘. It’s also possible that producer Jeff Lynne often left a tape running during the ‘reunion’ sessions to record the occasions for posterity.
Songs recorded
Thinking of Linking
Written by Lennon - McCartney
Written by Sidney Manker, Bill Justis
Ain't She Sweet
Written by Milton Ager, Jack Yellen
Baby What You Want Me To Do
Written by Chuck Berry
Dehra Dune
Written by Bill Monroe
The Complete Beatles Recording Sessions • Mark Lewisohn
The definitive guide for every Beatles recording sessions from 1962 to 1970.
We owe a lot to Mark Lewisohn for the creation of those session pages, but you really have to buy this book to get all the details - the number of takes for each song, who contributed what, a description of the context and how each session went, various photographies... And an introductory interview with Paul McCartney!
Have you spotted an error on the page? Do you want to suggest new content? Or do you simply want to leave a comment ? Please use the form below!
Your comment Cancel reply
About “The Paul McCartney Project”
Please note this site is strictly non-commercial. All pictures, videos & quoted texts remain the property of the respective copyright owner, and no implication of ownership by us is intended or should be inferred. Any copyright owner who wants something removed should contact us and we will do so immediately. Alternatively, we would be delighted to provide credits.
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0032.json.gz/line1826842
|
__label__wiki
| 0.938523
| 0.938523
|
Home Streaming Amazon
StreamingAmazonOriginal Series (Streaming)
The Crown: Season 2 (TheaterByte TV Series Review)
By Lawrence D. Devoe, MD
The Crown - Elizabeth - Elizabeth at Prince Philip's investiture. Pictured: Claire Foy. Photo Credit: Robert Viglasky / Netflix
The first season of The Crown covered the early years during which the now-nonagenarian Queen Elizabeth II first assumed the British throne. At that season’s finale, Elizabeth (Claire Foy) was attempting to find a suitable role to occupy her restless husband, the Duke of Edinburgh Philip (Matt Smith). Season 2 explores the next decade of QE II’s life, as Peter Morgan’s script continues to develop the principal characters of this historical drama in more detail and greater dimension. The ten hour-long episodes pick some key moments near the beginning of the young Monarch’s reign and the roles played by its numerous participants.
New Prime Minister Sir Anthony Eden (Jeremy Northam) is confronted with an escalating international crisis caused by Egyptian President Gamal Abdel Nasser’s (Amir Boutrous) seizure of the Suez Canal. As Britain, France, Israel, Egypt and Russia become involved, a third world war is averted but Britain suffers severe economic repercussions. The clouds of the cold war loom over post-WW II Europe and, as a consequence of the botched Suez affair, Queen Elizabeth gets a new PM, Harold McMillan (Anton Lesser).
The fault lines in the royal marriage repeatedly surface and when “bad boy” Philip embarks on a lengthy world tour, the nasty and highly publicized divorce of his private secretary and best friend, Mike Parker (Daniel Ings) threatens the monarchy itself. Royal advisor Michael Adeane (Will Keen) summons his predecessor Tommy Lascelles (Pip Torrens) out of retirement to do the necessary damage control and prevent Philip from receiving bad publicity. Elizabeth begins to understand al too well the accommodations required to preserve an essentially arranged marriage and begins by making Philip a Prince.
Younger sister, the free-spirited Princess Margaret (Vanessa Kirby) meets the libertine photographer Anthony Armstrong-Jones (Matthew Goode). Margaret and Tony quickly heat things up in his studio and she hastily decides to marry him. Although Lascelles and Adeane have compiled a substantial seamy dossier on Armstrong-Jones’s escapades, Margaret will not be denied her big Westminster Abbey wedding, delayed only by the birth of the Queen’s third child, Prince Andrew.
Royal family skeletons emerge when the Duke of Windsor (Alex Jennings), now living in France, seeks to reinsert himself into British public life. Elizabeth consigns him to the ash heap of history when suppressed German files reveal the Duke’s uncomfortably close connections to Hitler and the Nazi regime. As a brief respite from the palace intrigue, Prince Charles’s difficult youth, underscored by five years of “living hell” at Scotland’s grueling Gordonstoun School, plays out in parallel with his father’s own hard times at the same academy.
The second season propels its way through more political challenges beginning with Ghana’s President Kwame Nkrumah (Danny Sapani) cozying up to the Russians and concluding with a huge scandal involving a prominent cabinet member, a call girl, and possibly Prince Philip himself that threatens to bring the palace roof crashing down. There is an interesting aside with an “unofficial” visit from American “royalty,” President John Kennedy (Michael C. Hall) and wife Jackie (Jodi Balfour) that spawns an apocryphal private conversation between Elizabeth and Jackie during the latter’s subsequent visit to her sister Lee Radziwill (Skye Hallam).
Elizabeth continues her “on-the-job” training and finds her still new role as monarch to be more difficult than she had ever expected. Trying to balance these constant public demands with her domestic life, viewers get to see the Queen gain greater strength and confidence. Prince Philip continues to struggle with his subordinate role while Margaret gets exposed as a willful and self-centered hedonist overshadowed by her older sister.
As was the case in Season 1, for The Crown: Season 2 the screen is again graced by fabulous location shots, this time by Stuart Howell’s crew, throughout the UK that bring the interiors and exteriors of various palaces and castles directly into our homes. Even if the dialogue may be mostly writer Morgan’s invention (there were relatively few records kept in those days), it is never less than skillfully done and comes across as quite credible. As history continues to unfold, the high production values do The Crown justice and whet our appetites once again for Season 3, rumored to be in the offing for late 2018. Highest recommendation.
The Crown: Season 2 is now streaming in its entirety on Netflix
Peter MorganShow Creator
8 Dec. 2017Original Release Date
NetflixNetwork/Streaming Service
60 Mins.Ep. Run Time
10No. Eps.
Left Bank Pictures | Sony Pictures Television Production UKStudio/Distributor
TV-MARating Certificate
The story of Queen Elizabeth II early years continues in a most successful follow up to one of Netflix's best series that brings back a terrific cast, direction, and script.
Previous articleiZombie: The Complete Third Season (TheaterByte Blu-ray Review)
Next articleStar Wars: The Last Jedi (TheaterByte Movie Review)
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0032.json.gz/line1826843
|
__label__wiki
| 0.779665
| 0.779665
|
Residents criticise developer over ‘absolutely disgusting’ plans to remove 42 trees for new flats
Residents of a west London estate have criticised a developer’s plans to chop down more than 40 mature trees to make way for new flats.
People living on the Wornington Green Estate in Kensington say the loss of some 42 large London plane trees will be detrimental for wellbeing and wildlife.
The developer, Catalyst Housing, says it wants to remove the trees by the end of January before bird-nesting season begins, according to a letter sent to residents this month.
Catalyst said it will plant 55 new trees, although just 11 will be in public spaces and the rest will be “smaller trees” in private gardens.
Trees on the Wornington Green Estate (Constantine Gras/PA)
The decision to remove the trees was taken in planning talks in 2010 with the Royal Borough of Kensington and Chelsea (RBKC), said Catalyst.
But residents say they were not involved in any proper public consultation.
2020 among the top three hottest years on record, rivalling 2016, scientists say
A Brexit petition to protect bees just blew up on social media
Keith Stirling said he quit the resident steering group over the “absolutely disgusting” decision.
The amateur wildlife photographer, who has lived on the estate since the 1960s, told the PA news agency: “When the estate was originally built they planned around the trees. Why can’t they build around them again?
“It’s going to detract from people’s quality of life.
“The A40 down the road is giving us a lot of bad oxygen from the cars, we’ve got the railway behind from Paddington, we need these trees, people need greenery.
The mature London plane trees are being axed for building work (Constantine Gras/PA)
Tenant Constantine Gras, an artist, said the mature trees which line Portobello and Wornington Roads were “essential for improving air quality in a heavily polluted part of the borough next to the A40 Westway”.
He added: “We need to save these trees not just for the mental and physical health of residents and locals, but to maintain biodiversity and protect the habitat used by hundreds of birds and squirrels.”
A Catalyst spokeswoman said the firm “absolutely understands residents’ concerns”, adding: “Wherever possible we design buildings and streets around trees, as we have done in other parts of the estate.
“Our current plans will see us plant 55 new trees throughout phase two of the development in public spaces and private gardens, but we are currently reviewing our plans in an attempt to increase the number of retained trees, replant some elsewhere on the estate and plant more mature trees.”
An RBKC spokeswoman said: “Environmental sustainability is a clear priority for the council, so we will work collaboratively through every option with Catalyst.
“It is important for the council that the replanting will result in a net positive amount of trees within the area of the scheme.”
But Stirling disagrees. He stated:
“They have done it without any thought or consideration, they just don’t seem to care about destroying the local environment or wildlife.”
Brexit chaos
Charity which supported Grenfell victims found to be ‘institutionally racist’
The Canary , 11th December 2020
Labour briefing the Sun drags Keir Starmer’s week to a new low
Unwanted Christmas presence
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0032.json.gz/line1826846
|
__label__wiki
| 0.550608
| 0.550608
|
Aboriginal Art Projects for Children
Sarah Lipoff
How to Teach Pointillism Art to Children
Aboriginal art is a traditional art that uses line, shape and color to tell stories and express emotions. Creating aboriginal art with students is an educational way to learn about aboriginal stories and traditions along with learning about art concepts such as pattern and design. Aboriginal art projects can be accomplished in the classrooms with basic materials.
Looking at Aboriginal Art
Start by gathering images of Aboriginal art and posting them around the classroom (see references). Get out materials for the activity, such as black and brown construction paper; red, yellow, green, black, white and blue tempera paint; paint brushes and cotton swabs and position them in an easily accessible area for students to use.
Have students look at traditional Aboriginal artwork and notice how it uses line, color and pattern. Aboriginal art was created on the walls of caves and on rocks. Tell students they will create their own unique Aboriginal art with a piece of construction paper, using their hand as a focus point.
Aboriginal Handprint
Allow each student to select a color of construction paper and a palette of colors. Have students place one hand on their paper and trace around it using their color of choice and a cotton swab.
Ask the students to use the cotton swabs and paints to create dots of color inside and outside of their hands in a pattern to create a finished design.
Aboriginal Rock Paperweight
Take students outside and have them find a medium sized rock to use for the final part of the lesson. Paint the rocks black using black tempera paint and brushes. Allow the rocks to dry. Using a cotton swab, paint colored dots on the rock in an Aboriginal inspired design.
When the rocks are dry, they can be taken home and used as paperweights. Display the Aboriginal handprints around the classroom alongside the Aboriginal art for visitors to the classroom to see.
How to Create a Graffiti Wall for the Classroom
Dominant Color in Islamic Art & Architecture
Moon & Stars Lessons for Kindergarten
Float Ideas For a High School Homecoming
The Best Art Schools in California
Top Floral Design Schools in the U.S.
How to Design a Reggio Emilia Classroom for Toddlers
High School Drama Projects
DaniellesPlace.com: Australian Crafts and Activities for Kids
AboriginalArtOnline.com: Traditional Aboriginal Art
Sarah Lipoff has been writing since 2008. She has been published through BabyZone, Parents, Funderstanding and Education.com. Lipoff has worked as a K-12 art teacher, museum educator and preschool teacher. She holds a Bachelor of Science in K-12 art education from St. Cloud State University.
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0032.json.gz/line1826847
|
__label__cc
| 0.715853
| 0.284147
|
Gabrielle Union "Ow's" and "Aw's" about her new baby
The American actress and author, Gabrielle Union, is giving the world a warm “butterflies in my belly” feeling with the love she gives to her baby girl, Kaavia James. Union and her husband, Dwayne Wade, show countless and endless love to there new addition to the family.
For those that don’t know, Union has here fair share of heartache when it came to having children. Union revealed in her book Were Going to Need More Wine that she has had her fair share of miscarriages and failed IVF. “The reality is I actually have adenomyosis. The gag is I had it in my early 20’s” says Union said at a conference. Adenomyosis is a condition in the uterus that causes menstrual cramps, heavy periods, and in most cases infertility. After several years of trying, Union thought that she would never have children. In her book, she explained how hope on having a child was hard to hold on to.
But in early November, the couple revealed to the world that they had welcomed a baby girl via surrogate; a baby girl that they call Kaavia James. “We held onto each other in joy and peace and allowed ourselves to look forward to her arrival.” Though a lot of people were happy for them, some people had harsh things to say. In a interview with Oprah, Union explained how she got some backlash from people because she decided to use a surrogate. She also dealt with people questioning her as to why was she in the hospital bed, with scrubs on holding newborn Kaavia when she didn’t physical “have” the baby. But the Being Mary Jane actress seemed completely unbothered by these comments; she wasn’t going to let cruel comments stop her from enjoying newborn Kaavia James.
4 month old Kaavia James seems to bring smiles to Union and husband Wade; but she seems to be bring smiles to other people as well. Union took it upon herself to make Kaavia a instagram page (obviously ran by her parents), full of pictures of Kaavia making serious faces. What makes it funny is the captions she uses underneath her daughters pictures.”I’ve called this meeting today because I see you are not, in fact, bout that life.” is just one of the many captions. Union even made a hashtag dedicated to her daughters serious faces: #Shadybaby. Even now, Union still gets backlash at mothers about her decision of using a surrogate and even about the post she makes about her baby. “I want to be able to make whatever choice I want to make and not have to answer to anybody but me. As long as I feel good, as long as I feel confident, screw you.” Union, 46, is living her best life with baby Kaavia in her arms, and one can predict, that she wouldn’t want it no other way.
Congrats again to Gabrielle & The Wade Family! Baby Kaavia is beyond beautiful.
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0032.json.gz/line1826850
|
__label__wiki
| 0.852572
| 0.852572
|
MTV Video Music Award Winners 2019
The 2019 MTV Video Music Awards were broadcasted live August 26th in New Jersey’s Prudential Center opened the pre-show with Megan Thee Stallion. Taylor Swift kicked off the main show with “You Need to Calm Down” and a live performance of “Lover.” Several artist received nominations and awards, with Taylor Swift and Ariana Grande tying for most-nominated artist.
Lizzo performed a powerful medley of “Truth Hurts” and “Good As Hell” and Lil Nas X performed his “Old Town Road” followup “Panini.” The VMA’s also hosted performances from artist such as Rosalía, Miley Cyrus, H.E.R., Big Sean, A$AP Ferg, Normani, who did her hit “Motivation” and more. Check out a list of all of the MTV Video Music Award winners below:
Video Vanguard Missy Elliott
Video of the Year Taylor Swift: “You Need to Calm Down” Artist of the Year Ariana Grande Song of the Year Lil Nas X: “Old Town Road (Remix)” [ft. Billy Ray Cyrus] Best New Artist Billie Eilish Best Collaboration Shawn Mendes / Camila Cabello: “Señorita” Push Artist of the Year Billie Eilish Best Pop Jonas Brothers: “Sucker” Best Hip-Hop Cardi B: “Money” Best R&B Normani: “Waves” [ft. 6LACK] Best K-Pop BTS: “Boy With Luv” [ft. Halsey]
Best Latin ROSALÍA / J Balvin: “Con Altura” [ft. El Guincho] Best Dance The Chainsmokers: “Call You Mine” [ft. Bebe Rexha] Best Rock Panic! At the Disco: “High Hopes” Video for Good Taylor Swift: “You Need to Calm Down” Best Group BTS Best Power Anthem Megan Thee Stallion: “Hot Girl Summer” [ft. Nicki Minaj and Ty Dolla $ign] Song of Summer Ariana Grande and Social House: “Boyfriend” Fashion Trailblazer Marc Jacobs Best Direction Lil Nas X: “Old Town Road (Remix)” [ft. Billy Ray Cyrus] (dir. Calmatic) Best Visual Effects Taylor Swift: “ME!” [ft. Brendon Urie] (visual effects: Loris Paillier & Lucas Salton for BUF VFX) Best Editing Billie Eilish: “bad guy” (editing: Billie Eilish) Best Art Direction Ariana Grande: “7 rings” (art direction: John Richoux) Best Choreography ROSALÍA / J Balvin: “Con Altura” [ft. El Guincho] (choreography: Charm La’Donna) Best Cinematography Shawn Mendes / Camila Cabello: “Señorita” (cinematography: Scott Cunningham)
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0032.json.gz/line1826851
|
__label__wiki
| 0.621746
| 0.621746
|
The Free Library > Humanities > Philosophy and religion > Criminal Justice Ethics > May 1, 2009
The Free Library > Law/Government/Politics > Law > Criminal Justice Ethics > May 1, 2009
The Free Library > Date > 2009 > May > 1 > Criminal Justice Ethics
A tale of two theories.
<a href="https://www.thefreelibrary.com/A+tale+of+two+theories.-a0203954806</a>
MLA style: "A tale of two theories.." The Free Library. 2009 Institute for Criminal Justice Ethics 19 Jan. 2021 https://www.thefreelibrary.com/A+tale+of+two+theories.-a0203954806
Chicago style: The Free Library. S.v. A tale of two theories.." Retrieved Jan 19 2021 from https://www.thefreelibrary.com/A+tale+of+two+theories.-a0203954806
APA style: A tale of two theories.. (n.d.) >The Free Library. (2014). Retrieved Jan 19 2021 from https://www.thefreelibrary.com/A+tale+of+two+theories.-a0203954806
My own mode of discussing Douglas Husak's excellent new book, Overcriminalization, (1) is by comparing the theory that book defends--what Husak calls "minimalism"--with a theory with which I am already familiar, namely, my own brand of legal moralism. (2) Both theories purport at least to be theories about the same thing: the proper aims and limits for criminal legislation in a liberal, democratic state. This topic is often called "the limits of the criminal law," which is indeed the subtitle for Husak's book.
My motives for discussing Overcriminalization by comparing it to my own theory are not entirely narcissistic--as in, "enough about me, let's talk about you, namely, what do you think about my theory?" I have two more legitimate motives for the contrastive technique animating this essay. The first stems from Husak's observation that legal moralism is the "most important rival" to his own minimalist theory [196]. It may thus be a useful heuristic to understanding minimalism to contrast it to its closest real competition. Second, Husak regards his theory as being "vastly superior" to all other extant theories of criminal legislation, legal moralism included [159]. Comparing Husak's theory to its closest competitor may allow us to gauge the extent of this vaunted vastness.
I shall do four things in the body of this essay. The first is to give some background for Husak's minimalist theory and for my own legal moralist theory. Both theories should be seen against a backdrop of two kinds of debates that for the past 150 years have preceded both of us on this topic. Second, I shall describe Moorean legal moralism and Husakian minimalism in terms of their essential tenets. Third, I shall highlight several of the many points on which the two theories agree. Fourth, I will then contrast the theories on the points on which they disagree, suggesting along the way why I (perhaps obtusely) refuse to see why minimalism is superior to legal moralism along each of these axes of disagreement.
Earlier Debates on the Proper Reach of Criminal Legislation
The proper reach of the criminal law has long engaged the interest of leading political philosophers and has not been the bailiwick of criminal law theoreticians alone. The Anglo-American debate began with the publication of John Stuart Mill's On Liberty in 1859, in which Mill defended his famous "harm principle." (3) The harm principle is both positive and negative. (4) Positively, it permits the use of the criminal law to prohibit behavior harmful to people other than the actor or those who consent to the behavior; negatively, it forbids the use of the criminal law to prohibit behavior that is merely offensive or that is popularly regarded as immoral, even if such behavior is not harmful to anyone, and it forbids the use of the criminal law to prohibit behavior that harms only the actor himself. Often unrecognized is that Mill pressed his harm principle into dual service: the principle both defines a sphere of action immune to state regulation, and it delineates the permissible aims of criminal legislation. (5) The first of these protects only some citizen actions from criminalization for any reason, whereas the second protects any citizen action from criminalization for only some reasons but not others.
Mill's most famous critic in the nineteenth century was England's foremost expositor of the criminal law, Sir James Fitzjames Stephen. (6) Stephen argued that any attempt to limit the state's power to criminalize behavior was illegitimate in a democracy in which the majority's right to rule included the right to decide which conduct it would not tolerate. Stephen buttressed this argument of political theory with a famous conceptual objection: no behavior is truly without its harmful effects on others, and so the harm principle can provide no limit on the subject matter of criminal legislation. (7)
This grand debate in political theory has continued into our own time, with Herbert Hart defending a version of Mill's view (8) and Lord Patrick Devlin echoing Stephen's majoritarian and socially conservative position. (9) It was in Joel Feinberg's magisterial four-volume study in the 1980s, however, that this great debate received its first truly comprehensive exposition. Feinberg adopted Mill's four-part taxonomy of permissible/impermissible aims of legislation, devoting one book to harms to others, (10) and three other books to, respectively, offense to others, (11) harms to self, (12) and immoral behavior that may harm no one. (13) Feinberg also (largely) adopted Mill's conclusion, finding criminalization to be justified only for behaviors harming people other than the actor (Feinberg's qualification being that, contra Mill, some merely offensive behaviors could also be prohibited). (14)
The most current form of this debate has altered the terms a bit. Those to the political left of Millian liberalism, (15) and those to the right, (16) share the common criticism that Mill mistook harms for wrongs. (17) The idea common to conservatives and left-liberals is that the issue of the morality of conduct being regulated cannot be bracketed in the way Mill's harm principle purports to do, so that the real question is whether behavior is morally wrong, not whether it harms others. This allows harmless wrongs to be prohibited while immunizing wrongless harms from prohibition. Properly revised, the harm principle becomes the wrong principle: a state should criminalize only what it is willing to punish, and it should be willing to punish only those who have done morally wrong actions. According to this view, the debate between liberals and conservatives about, say, the criminal prohibition of gay sex, should not be cast as a debate about whether it is proper to consider the moral status of such practices; quite the contrary, the rightly framed debate is about the moral rightness or wrongness of these practices, and nothing else.
In the 1960s another debate on the proper reach of the criminal law eschewed entirely the concerns of grand political theory that have so marked the Mill/Stephen, Hart/Devlin, and Raz/Sandel/Moore/George forms of the debate. This was the "overcriminalization" literature of Herbert Packer, (18) Norval Morris, (19) and Sanford Kadish. (20) This literature purported to prescind from the theoretical debates about the nature of a just state and focused instead on the practical realities of criminalizing behavior. The literature pointed out that criminalizing certain behaviors had a variety of costs that on many occasions might well stay society's hand. These costs included: (1) the actual enforcement costs attendant upon making conduct criminal, including the costs of incarceration, police, courts, etc.; (2) the costs to privacy of enforcing some sorts of crimes, such as sexual offenses or other acts typically done in private situations, the detection of which requires intrusive techniques; (3) the "crime tariff" made possible by artificially restricting suppliers (of goods or services for which there was an inelastic demand) to those willing to break the law, thus creating opportunities for the monopoly profits that could fund organized crime; (4) the disrespect for law engendered by criminalizing behaviors that are so ubiquitous that they cannot all be prosecuted; and (5) the discriminatory and arbitrary law enforcement practices made possible by law that will predictably be under-enforced (and thus selectively enforced). (21)
The thrust of this literature was to disapprove of criminalization of behaviors like prostitution, alcohol or drug use, deviant sexual practices, and the like. The target of this literature, in other words, was the criminalization of behaviors that were: (1) typically done in private, with no non-participant witnesses; (2) victimless, in the sense that no participant was other than a willing participant; (3) strongly motivated, so that even if criminalized much of the behavior would continue; and (4) widespread in the community, such that all practitioners of it simply could not be apprehended at any reasonable cost. For it is criminalizing behavior with these four characteristics that predictably generates the costs outlined above. (22)
It is a fair criticism of this "practical" literature that it could not entirely prescind from the grand debates in political theory that preceded (and succeeded) it. (23) For, after all, an accounting of costs cannot by itself stay the state's hand; also needed is some theory as to what the benefits might be of criminalizing these sorts of behaviors. (24) If these behaviors were seriously immoral, offensive, or harmful to the participants or others, one might well conclude they should be criminalized despite the high costs of doing so. And that judgment does depend on consideration of "grand theory," (25) such as why we punish anyone for anything.
That said, the "practical costs" literature is still pitched at a recognizably different level than is the literature of what I have been calling the "grand debate" in political philosophy. It also has a pretty straightforward consequentialist flavor to it, in contrast to the more deontological cast of Mill (26) and his descendents.
All of this raises the question of where we should place Husak's minimalist theory. Unsurprisingly he prefers to distinguish his theory from both the grand debates of political philosophy and the practical considerations of the criminal law theorists [59-61]. In this he is not entirely successful. Of the seven principles making up Husak's minimalist constraints, roughly half speak from some deep conception of political philosophy whereas the other half are cast in terms appealing to more practical criminal and constitutional lawyers. More specifically, when Husak limits criminalization by desert, wrongs, harms, and evils, he is presupposing some deep views about when it is just to punish; here he joins the political theorists, even if he does not make explicit many of his theoretical presuppositions. When Husak casts his limiting principles in terms of burdens of proof, substantial state interests directly advanced, and less restrictive alternatives, he is appealing to the more practical, more consequentialist modes of reasoning familiar to American criminal and constitutional lawyers.
A striking difference between Husak's minimalism and both of the earlier forms of the debate is the fixity of Husak's judgment that we have too much criminal law. (27) Unlike both literatures earlier summarized, Husak is convinced at the start that too many people are in jail and that one major reason for this is that our criminal law prohibits too many kinds of things. Whereas for earlier theorists, whether we have too much criminal law is an open question, one that can be answered only after one has laid out one's preferred theory of criminal law's proper limits. We could easily have too little criminal law according to some theories of its proper reach. It all depends on the content of the theory.
Not so for Husak. The burden of the long first chapter of his book is to convince his audience of the fact that we have too much criminal law. This conclusion is arrived at pre-theoretically, that is, without him having spelled out what the proper limits of the criminal law should be. Then Husak uses this fixed point as his Archimedian lever: he judges theories in part by whether they yield this already settled judgment.
This is different from the preceding debates, but this is not a difference entirely to the book's favor. If we simply have too much criminal law, then the complaint is no different from that of the Hapsburg emperor in the film, Amadeus, when he complained that there were too many notes in one of Mozart's compositions. Like the emperor, Husak (in his pre-theoretical certitude) should be indifferent as to which notes (laws) he gets rid of, just so long as a sufficient number of them are eliminated.
That surely is a difference no well-respected theorist such as Husak wants on reflection to affirm. Surely it matters a great deal to him which laws we get rid of, and surely such choices will be guided by the minimalist theory he lays out in the rest of the book. That we have too many criminal laws then becomes the conclusion of the book, not its premise.
What are the Two Theories?
In contrasting the two theories it will be helpful to have before us some description of their essential tenets. I will start with legal moralism.
Moorean Legal Moralism
Husak notes that my version of legal moralism is "deceptively simple," by which I take it he means that its bold relief elements are pretty straightforward while the qualifications get complicated [197]. The bold relief elements consist of my theory of punishment and its prima facie implications for the theory of legislation. The theory is retributivist in its justification of punishment and punishment institutions: we justly punish because and only because offenders deserve to suffer for their culpable wrongdoings. Such a theory about the general justifying aim of the criminal law then implies a legal moralist theory of criminal legislation in the following two steps.
First, prima facie, all moral wrongs culpably done should be criminalized. This is partly because, for a retributivist, culpable wrongdoing merits punishment. But antecedent legislative prohibition of the wrongs to be punished follows from retributivism only when it is side-constrained by a principle of legality. The principle of legality requires that acts be legislatively prohibited by statutes ("no common law crimes") and that those statutes operate only prospectively, are non-contradictory, are clear and precise enough to be understood, are general in their application, and so forth. (28) Such a principle is justified by values extraneous to retributivism, values like fair notice, democracy, the separation of powers, liberty, and equality. (29) It is only with legality that retributivism yields the half of the legal moralist conclusion here discussed: because it is intrinsically good that culpable wrongdoers get their just deserts (retributivism), and because that good may permissibly be achieved only if wrongs are legislatively proscribed (legality), then prima facie all moral wrongs should be criminalized.
Second, only behaviors that are morally wrong should be criminalized. This again is partly because of retributivism, according to which desert limits punishment away from the non-deserving as much as it demands punishment of the deserving. If one has done nothing morally wrong (nor tried to, or risked doing so), then there is no desert and thus no retributive justification for punishment. Yet if bare legislative prohibition of an act could make that act wrong when it was not morally wrong antecedently, then retributivism alone could not justify the half of the legal moralist conclusion here at issue. Thus retributivism needs to be supplemented by the (badly named) "anarchical" principle that there is no duty to obey the law, not even prima facie. (30) If this is so, then legislative prohibition cannot make wrong what was not wrong before. And then the other half of the legal moralist principle follows from retributivism: only behaviors that are morally wrong independently of the law may be criminalized.
In these two steps the legal moralist theory of criminal legislation--that all and only morally wrongful behaviors should be criminalized--can be seen to follow from a retributivist theory of punishment. This is, as Husak recognizes, the "simple" part. What makes the simplicity "deceptive" are the limitations and qualifications to the legal moralist thesis [197]. These are five in number.
First, there is the content of morality itself. According to a spare view of what it is that is morally obligatory on us not to do, legal moralism is quite constraining on a legislator. If morality does not condemn various sexual practices, use of various intoxicants, suicide, and so forth, then so may not the criminal law, according to the legal moralist principle. (31) As Husak notes, my own view of morality is quite spare [197]: in general we have no duties to ourselves or to some god, nor do we have duties to others with respect to many of the items about which customary morality so fusses and fumes, such as sex.
Second, there is an epistemic limitation that a sensible legal moralist legislator would observe. (32) This comes from the recognition that if one can be right about morality's content, so also one can be wrong. Moral realism can thus make you humble as easily as it makes you intransigent, particularly on issues where other good, sincere, and intelligent people disagree with your own view of the matter. (33) A legal moralist legislator should have at least as much doubt about the correctness of some of her moral beliefs as should the citizens she represents, and this alone should sometimes stay her hand.
Third, there is the limitation imposed by what I (following Joel Feinberg (34)) have called the "presumption of liberty." (35) This is a general presumption against criminalizing behaviors because doing so diminishes the freedom of citizens' actions. Such a presumption is given weight by the values that back it. These include: the goodness of positive liberty to which such freedom from government coercion is a means; the goodness of Kantian autonomy, meaning the ability to act from right reason (which right reason does not include yielding to legal coercion); the goodness of Millian autonomy, which is the inherent value of human choice when made free of coercion; and the goodness of satisfying the well nigh universal human preference for unconstrained decision making. (36) Such presumption gains added force when it opposes criminalization of consensual, private, highly motivated, and widely popular behaviors because the kinds of enforcement costs earlier mentioned are particularly heavy for criminalization of behaviors with these four characteristics. This collection of values is weighty enough by itself to stay a retributivist-legal moralist from punishing minor immoralities. In such cases the wrongs done are minor enough that the harm done to the values behind the presumption simply outweighs the slight goodness achieved by punishing these minor immoralities.
Fourth, sometimes we have a right to do the wrong thing, in which event the state may not punish us for such wrongdoing. (37) Abortion, according to some people's view of it, is morally wrong to do; yet some of those same people urge that each woman has a right to abort her own fetus. This kind of wrongdoing is immune to criminalization even according to a legal moralist view of the Proper reach of criminal legislation. (38)
Fifth, even behavior that is morally wrong that no one has a right to do cannot be prohibited if the reason for the prohibition is not because of its moral wrongness. This is an implication of what I have elsewhere called the derived right of liberty: each citizen has the right, derivative from a more basic legislative duty, that behavior not be prohibited for paternalistic or conventionally moralistic reasons. (39) Legislators who cannot purge themselves of such motivations thus may not prohibit immoralities otherwise prohibitable.
The upshot is that legal moralism hardly justifies much of the criminal legislation already on the books. Such legislation criminalizes behavior that is not wrong according to any proper view of morality; or it is open to serious and reasonable doubt that it is wrong; or the behavior is not wrong enough that the good of its punishment outweighs the harm to the values behind the presumption of liberty; or the behavior, although wrong, is within the rights of persons to do; or the behavior, although wrong and within no one's rights to do, is not prohibited because it is wrong. Eliminating such criminalizations results in a criminal code that is recognizably liberal in its content, even if not in the form of its limiting principles.
Husakian Minimalism
Husak and I agree that one's theory of criminal legislation has to be consistent with one's theory of punishment. Not only does he praise my version of legal moralism for seeing this connection [197], but he also takes some pains to draw out the connection in his own theory [91]. Starting with Husak's theory of punishment is thus an appropriate place to begin the explication of the minimalist theory of criminal legislation.
It is a curious feature of Overcriminalization that it nowhere makes explicit the theory of punishment animating the enterprise. The book rather defends there being a right all citizens generally possess, a right not to be punished [92-103]. This then sets the stage for demanding some theory as to when such a right may be justifiably infringed, which will be a theory of punishment.
Husak urges two considerations in favor of recognizing a right not to be punished. First, punishment involves the intentional infliction of suffering by the state, and second, that suffering is accompanied/motivated by society's expression of moral censure. Husak offers the following conclusions about these two features of punishment: "the government can do nothing worse to its citizens than to punish them," thus "persons have a right not to be punished," and therefore "it is easy to see why punishment is so difficult to justify" [95].
So what for Husak are the good reasons to punish, and thus to criminalize, and thus to infringe the right not to be punished? He makes clear he is not a utilitarian about punishment, for the familiar reason that a purely utilitarian theory of punishment justifies the punishment of the innocent and the criminalization of morally permissible behavior [101]. Yet Husak is not a retributivist either. He does sign on to a recognizable version of what is sometimes called "negative retributivism": punishment in excess of what is deserved is unjustified, no matter what its social utility [82]. But he rejects the distinctive claim of the retributivist, which is that giving wrongdoers what they deserve is a sufficient reason for punishment.
Husak's reasons for rejecting retributivism's distinctive claim are a bit puzzling, at least as stated in his book. Let's begin with the question of whether giving wrongdoers what they deserve is even a reason (let alone a sufficient reason) to criminalize wrongful behavior and then punish it. About this initial point Husak says all of the following: (a) "The value of implementing a principle of retributive justice does not entail that ... we have a reason to impose [punishments] ... [It] may simply negate the reason we typically have not to punish" [200, see also 206]; (b) the achieving of retributive justice is not an intrinsic good [200]; (c) "the state of affairs in which these individuals receive their just deserts is preferable to the state of affairs in which they do not (even though the former may not be intrinsically good)" [200-201, see also 203]; and (d) "conduct should be criminalized because it is an act of wrongdoing" [206 n. 121]. Weaving my way through this slalom, and pretty much disregarding statement (a) above, I gather that Husak thinks that giving just deserts is a reason to criminalize wrongful behavior and to punish it.
However, Husak plainly thinks that the giving of just deserts is not a sufficient reason to criminalize wrongful behavior and to punish it. I think Husak thinks this pretty much straight off, as it were, and not because of the reasons listed above. Like the Jeffrie Murphy of the last two decades (whom Husak cites [200 n. 103]), Husak believes that the goodness of giving wrongdoers what they deserve--retributive justice--is not good enough to justify the censuring/ harsh treatment constitutive of punishment.
This simple evaluative judgment is not what Husak says, however. What he says is: (a) some wrongs are not the state's business but are the concern of the victims of those wrongs only (so that giving just deserts simply isn't the state's business, although it is someone's business) [199]; (b) wrongs that intuitively are the state's business cannot be shown to be such by retributivism (because retributivism cannot give reasons why it is the state that should punish these "public" wrongs) [200203]; and (c) institutions of punishment have well known enforcement costs, error costs, and abuse costs inevitably incurred in their administration by fallible state officials, and therefore "consequentialist [read: non-retributive] considerations must be included in the justification of criminal law and punishment" [203].
These three considerations motivate what I think is a recognizable version of what is usually called a "mixed" theory of punishment: what the retributivist needs, Husak concludes, "is some additional value [that] punishment can be expected to attain--a value which, when added to the value of attaining retributive justice, will justify the creation of an institution of criminal law and punishment" [205]. That value is twofold, for Husak: first, the state has a legitimate and substantial interest in preventing harms, evils, rights-violations, wrongs, and set-backs to interests (to the extent that these differ from one another) [138-39]; and second, the state has an interest not involving prevention, an interest in expressing the moral condemnation of its citizens [87-88, 139-50]. We thus are justified in criminalizing wrongful behavior and in punishing it when, but only when, the wrongdoer deserves punishment and some preventative or expressive good is achieved by such prohibition and punishment. This is, as I say, a recognizable version of a mixed theory of punishment, so named because it mixes retributivist with non-retributivist reasons in its justification of the criminal law.
Husak uses his mixed theory of punishment to yield his minimalist theory of criminal legislation. In very general terms, the retributivist part of his mixed theory yields what he calls the "internal constraints" on permissible criminal legislation, whereas the preventative/expressive part of his mixed theory yields what he calls the "external constraints" on such legislation.
Husak fleshes out the internal constraints in terms of four principles. The first three of these are highly overlapping, if not identical, in their content. Criminal liability may not be imposed unless statutes prohibit a non-trivial harm or evil (the first principle) [66]; conduct that is morally wrongful (the second principle) [66]; or behavior deserving of punishment (the third principle) [82]. It should be relatively transparent from what was said before how these three limiting principles follow from Husak's negative retributivism.
Husak fleshes out the external constraints in terms of three additional principles. Even if criminal statutes prohibit behaviors that cause harms or evils--ones that are wrong to do and deserving of punishment when culpably done those statutes remain unjustified unless the prohibition/punishment of those wrongs does the following: advances a substantial, non-retributive interest of a preventative or an expressive sort (the fifth principle); directly advances that interest (the sixth principle); and is no more extensive in its prohibition than is necessary to achieve its purpose (the seventh principle) [158]. It should also be transparent how these three limiting principles follow from the non-retributivist part of Husak's theory of punishment.
Husak's fourth principle--which he lumps into the "internal constraint" basket but which is really sui generis--is a burden of proof principle. The idea is that the justificatory burden is on the state to produce evidence, and to convince its constituents, that each criminal prohibition satisfies the external and internal constraints on criminalization [100]. The state has this burden, Husak alleges, because of the harsh treatment/censuring nature of punishment and the consequent right we all have not to be punished [100].
These seven constraints on the legislative prerogative to criminalize behavior have the potential to eliminate much of the special part of the criminal law as it is correctly practiced throughout the world. Although Husak modestly concedes that it would take a lifetime--indeed, many lifetimes--to delineate precisely what should be excised from the world's criminal codes [177], it is pretty clear that he regards many of the provisions of such codes to be illegitimate. Husak rejects, for example, offenses criminalizing what he calls "private wrongs" [135-38], such as breach of promise; offenses criminalizing morally permissible behaviors (such as eating a doughnut) [102]; offenses that are only proxies for the real targets of criminal legislation [40-42]; crimes that don't pass the "laugh test" [35]; drug offenses [197-98]; and so on and so forth. Husak also rejects offenses that may prohibit morally wrongful behavior but which fail to attach culpability requirements to such wrongdoings--he rejects, that is, most strict liability offenses [48-54]. Furthermore, Husak rejects criminal statutes on the basis of the reasons for which they are passed (and not just on the content of their prohibitions in terms of actions and mental states). Here Husak rejects--or at least regards as "dubious"--two of the legislative motives that were Mill's prime targets: prohibitions motivated paternalistically (that is, for the subject's own good) [138, 142], and prohibitions motivated by a desire to conform to moral consensus/social tradition [124]. All together these rejections constitute a considerable winnowing of contemporary criminal codes, as Husak of course intends.
The Agreements Between the Two Theories
Husak's minimalist theory and my own legal moralist theory seem to agree on at least four basic things. First, Husak and I plainly agree on the role of a theory of punishment vis-a-vis a theory of criminal legislation. To our equal credit, we each "understand the implications of a theory of punishment for a theory of criminalization" [197]. Husak (as we have seen) derives his theory of the latter from his theory of the former as tightly as do I.
It is important to see that our shared thought here is not (or at least was not) the conventional wisdom on this matter. Criminal law theorists tend to separate the "What to punish?" question from the "Why punish?" question, regarding the two questions as having little to do with each other. To pick one prominent example, H. L. A. Hart once urged that it was a "confusion between the simple immediate aim of any criminal legislation and the justification of punishment" that accounted for a variety of errors in criminal law theory. (40) Hart regarded it as obvious that "to announce to society that these actions are not to be done and to secure that fewer of them are done" were the only plausible answers to the question, "Why are certain kinds of action ... made crimes or offences?" (41) Hart thought this to be true irrespective of one's theory of punishment, retributivism included. (42) One needs a theory of punishment, according to Hart's view, only after one has settled the independent question of what should be prohibited and thus eligible for punishment. Husak's and my own contrary views may be already becoming a new orthodoxy, but they were not when they were first put forward.
Husak and I also agree on "negative retributivism," namely, the view that no punishment is justified if it is not deserved. On this there is widespread agreement, a consensus excluding only pure utilitarians and rehabilitationists from its scope.
Third, it is arguable at least that Husak and I agree on the implications of negative retributivism for criminalization. My hesitation here is due to my uncertainty as to how Husak wishes to construe the first three of his "internal constraints" on criminal legislation. My favored interpretation of these three constraints would make them (collectively) identical to the moral wrong constraint of my version of legal moralism. Such an interpretation goes like this: Husak seemingly agrees with me that desert is a function of two things--how wrongful was the act done, and how culpable was the mental state of the actor who did such a wrong [197]. If this is right, then Husak's wrongdoing constraint is a part of his desert constraint. Indeed, the wrongdoing constraint is redundant to the desert constraint, given that wrongdoing is one-half of what determines desert.
One might object to this claim of redundancy that prohibitions of inchoate crimes are permissible under the desert constraint but not under a wrongdoing constraint, since a crime is inchoate when the wrong intended or risked is not completed. So according to this view the wrongdoing constraint would bar some prohibitions not barred by the desert constraint. Yet this is not how the wrongdoing constraint is construed by Husak [159]. Inchoate crimes are permissible under any plausible wrongdoing constraint so long as the actions intended or risked would be wrong if they had been completed. Culpability is just wrongdoing in the mind of the actor (or for negligence, in the mind he would have if he were reasonable). (43)
I conclude that the wrongdoing constraint is fully redundant to the desert restraint. In addition, the first restraint--that requiring harms or evils--seems fully redundant to the second constraint (and thus, to the third as well). Whether this is so depends on how one relates harms, evils, and wrongs inter se.
Husak is sympathetic to Joel Feinberg's view that harms generically are the "thwarting, setting back, or defeating of an interest" of a person [71]. He is also sympathetic to Feinberg's more limited notion of a harm for the purposes of constraining criminal legislation: "only setbacks to interests that are wrongs, and wrongs that are set back to interests, are to count as harms in the appropriate sense" [71]. This means the harm restraint says nothing different from the wrongdoing constraint, and vice versa.
What about evils? According to the interpretation of Husak I am now favoring, these too are fully redundant to wrongs, so that the "evil" part of the first restraint adds nothing to the second (wrongdoing) restraint. Husak allows that one might say that "wrongful conduct just is conduct aimed at an evil" [198] in which case causing an evil, causing a harm, or doing a wrong, all come to the same thing. In which case there are not three restraints, but one: criminal legislation may only prohibit actions that are morally wrong to do and, because of that, culpable to intend or to unreasonably risk doing. Because culpable wrongdoing is desert, this can be phrased in Husak's way: criminal prohibitions can target only combinations of acts and mental states deserving of punishment.
If this is indeed what Husak thinks (I shall give some reason to doubt it in the next section), then his minimalist theory gets a lot of its minimalism from the same source as does legal moralism. Both theories drink from the same well, which is that where there is no wrongdoing (actual or in the mind of the actor) there can be no desert, and where there is no desert, there can be no justified criminalization or punishment.
Husak recognizes that under the interpretation of his internal constraints just concluded, the harm/ evil/wrongdoing/desert constraints become redundant of one another [198]. Yet he still thinks his minimalist theory differs from legal moralism in that his external constraints (justified by the non-retributivist part of his theory of punishment) give "greater resources than legal moralism to resist objectionable impositions of the penal sanction" [198]. Let us say that Husak has different resources than the "un-simple" parts of my legal moralist theory summarized earlier. Different as the resources of the theories may be, Husak and I appear to agree pretty much across the board on the bottom line conclusions. For, like Husak's minimalism, my legal moralism condemns proxy crimes, crimes that do not pass the laugh test, drug offenses, criminalization of morally innocuous behavior, so-called "private" wrongs such as breach of promise, and so on. Husak's different resources of argumentation seem to make little or no difference in what can be justifiably criminalized. And this is the fourth thing on which the two theories agree. Both are recognizably liberal in their recommended outcomes even while they differ in how they reach those outcomes.
Disagreements Between the Two Theories
As I said at the oral presentation of this paper, nobody will pay good money to see Doug and me in happy agreement, holding hands and singing Kumbaya together. The entertainment value of these productions all resides in the disagreements. These seem to me to be five in number.
The first has to do with Husak's first three internal constraints. As I stated in the last section, if one interprets these to be fully redundant of one another then they collectively amount to nothing different from the wrongdoing constraint imposed by legal moralism. It is unclear to me, however, whether Husak accepts such an interpretation, or that he should. After all, why have three expressions of the same principle?
At one point Husak appears to adopt the generic sense of "harm" for his first constraint; this sense equates a harm with any set-back to interest, irrespective of whether causing that set-back is wrongful or violates the interest-holder's rights. This then makes the harm constraint different from the wrong/desert constraints because there could be wrongless harms and harmless wrongs.
In detailing how his minimalist theory differs from my legal moralist theory, Husak focuses only on the latter, that is, on harmless wrongs. He wishes to show that my purported examples of these wrongs actually do involve harms, if one but looks hard enough [198 n. 93]. I am dubious about this response by Husak; my examples of cruelty to animals, destruction of a species, and abuse of a corpse seem to me (as they seemed to Feinberg) to be pretty clear examples of wrongs that may be criminalized even when those wrongs involve harm to no one. But suppose I am in error about this, and that there are no harmless wrongdoings. Then Husak's internal constraints are redundant of one another after all, and differ not a whit from legal moralism's wrongdoing restraint.
Husak also speculates that perhaps these behaviors are more like taboos than moral wrongs and thus should not be criminalized [198 n. 93]. Yet his heart is clearly not in this response. These behaviors are to my (and probably his) mind not like adult incest, which is a taboo but not a wrong.
Finally, Husak also urges that his is a complex theory so that one must conjoin his constraints: behavior must both be wrong and productive of harm in order to be criminalized under his first and second constraints, considered together [198 n. 93]. Yet I do not see how Husak can say this, given his seeming acceptance of conceptualizing evil in his first constraint as "harmless immoralities" [70 n. 70]. The first constraint is disjunctive: behavior must be productive either of harm or evil to be prohibited. But then conjoining the second constraint to it yields: behavior must be wrongful (second constraint) and (from the first constraint) either harmful or evil, where "evil" is read as harmless but wrongful. Translation: behavior must be wrongful or harmful to be prohibited. So harm is not necessary to prohibition, contrary to what Husak claims.
The second thing I do not understand about this response is why Husak wants to make it to begin with. If his first two constraints taken together do require harms in addition to wrongs, then he must be against criminalizing harmless wrongs like desecration of corpses, cruelty to animals, eradication of species, and so forth. And this conclusion he seems to have little stomach for, as we saw in his suggestion that perhaps these were mere taboos and not wrongs. Husak, too, thinks that we should criminalize at least some of these harmless wrongs, contrary to the purport of this third response of his.
What should Husak--the Husak who defines harms so that they are not necessarily wrongs--say about wrongless harms? He doesn't discuss wrongless harms, as he does discuss harmless wrongs, but perhaps we can tease out here what he should say. Presumably Husak would reiterate that his constraints are conjunctive, meaning behavior causing harms may not be prohibited if the causing of those harms is not morally wrong. Here the two theories can agree, because both make wrongdoing necessary to justified criminal prohibition. Where Husak's theory wants to disagree with mine is in wrongdoing being sufficient for prohibition. Husak seemingly urges that some harm is also necessary. This is where minimalism gets into the troubles just charted above with respect to harmless wrongdoing.
A second difference between Husakian minimalism and Moorean legal moralism lies in Husak's distinction between public and private moral wrongs. As presented above, legal moralism prima facie licenses the prohibition of all moral wrongs; minimalism requires a public wrong, private wrongs not being the proper subject of criminal prohibition. This could be a large difference, depending on what Husak means by private as opposed to public wrongs and on how closely a wrong being private maps onto one or more of the five restraints forming the un-simple part of the legal moralist theory. Husak claims that "even a liberal legal moralist [viz., Moore] will be forced to favor a bloated criminal code that makes our current predicament of overcriminalization pale by comparison" [199]. Let's see.
Husak castigates legal moralism because it "obliterates the distinction between private and public wrongs" [199]. I think, on the contrary, there is no distinction to be drawn here. Husak concedes that "the line between public and private wrongs is exceedingly hard to draw" [199]. Yet he remains confident that there is such a line to be drawn in a principled manner.
His first stab at the distinction is in terms of the power of prosecution. For redress of a public wrong, it is appropriate that the state have the power to determine whether to prosecute the wrong; for redress of a private wrong, it is appropriate that the victim of the wrong solely have that power [136]. Yet this takes us very little distance, because the question of what determines "whether to place the individual victim or the community in charge of pursuing a given complaint" is unanswered [136]. So Husak continues: who should control prosecution is determined by to whom the wrong is done. If the wrong is done to the victim only, then the wrong is private; if it is also done to the community itself, then it is public [136].
Surely this answer is equally question-begging. To begin with, there is a respectable body of opinion in ethics that denies that all duties are duties to someone. (44) This tradition urges that there are duties simpliciter, not owed to anyone but duties nonetheless. Duties not to torture animals, duties to preserve the environment, and duties to save for future generations are oft-cited examples of these allegedly non-relational duties. If such duties exist, then there is no one to whom the wrongs (that are breaches of such duties) are done. Are these wrongs public or private?
More generally, why isn't every wrong that has a victim both a wrong to him and a wrong to the community? True enough, as Husak recognizes, violence against another wrongs him and wrongs the community [136]. But so do breaking a contract, driving negligently, unfair and deceptive business practices, insider trading, trespassing onto another's land, and so forth. This is particularly true when "communities" are conceived (as they are by Husak) as consisting of "the shared values and interests of communities" [137]. Given this understanding, any wrong going against values we share and interests we have in common is a wrong to the community.
If we leave Husak's criteria for what is a private wrong, and turn to his examples, things get a lot more plausible. Many torts and most breaches of contract indeed should not be criminalized even though they may be moral wrongs [137]. Decisions about procreation also should not be criminalized, even if some forms of these are morally wrong [135-36]. Behaviors harmful to the actor(s) alone also ought not to be criminalized even if in some sense these represent wrongful choices [138]. These examples of behaviors immune to criminalization are all plausible. Indeed, I agree with all of them. But what they show us is not that some wrongs are private, others, public. These examples are better accounted for in terms of my five limitations on criminalizing immoral behavior.
Some of these examples are instances of the first limit, because on no plausible moral theory is there anything morally wrongful about the behavior being prohibited. I find it insulting to morality to think that it cares about acts of non-procreative sex, or about what organ one inserts into what orifice of what gender of what species, and so forth. Other examples are instances in which a reasonable legislator could be in doubt about whether a behavior was morally wrong--one example being certain forms of abortion. This invokes my second limitation.
Yet others are instances of only minor moral wrongs. Husak urges that "breaches of promises inherent in contracts, for example, are among the paradigm examples of wrongful conduct" [139]. That depends on whom you read in ethics. Lying and breaking still unrelied-upon promises join a thousand other "ordinary vices" as the small potatoes of moral wrongs. (45) Unless and until you cause serious harm to others by such behaviors, these simply are not matters of great moral consequence. In such cases my third limitation bars their criminalization: the values disserved by criminalization outweigh the minor good achieved by prohibition and punishment of these small immoralities.
The non-prohibitability of abortion illustrates the fourth of my limitations. Some abortions are wrong to do, but women have the right to do them. It is the basic right to liberty that bars criminalization here, not the supposedly "private" nature of the wrong.
Paternalistic legislation, such as that requiring motorcycle helmets, illustrates my fifth limitation. Even if it is wrong for the helmetless motorcycle rider to risk needlessly those who care about him, those who have to see and clean up the mess if he crashes, and those whose insurance premiums may go up, this is not what motivates this kind of legislation. Legislatures typically prohibit helmetless riding because such behavior harms its participants. (46) Barring such paternalistically-motivated legislation has nothing to do with the "privateness" of the wrongs done others and everything to do with what I call the "derived right to liberty." (47)
The upshot is that Husak's minimalism and my brand of liberal legal moralism disagree radically about why these kinds of behaviors may not be criminalized, even though we (probably) do not disagree at all about the bottom-line fact that none of them should be criminalized.
The next two differences have to do with Husak's mixed theory of punishment. As we have seen, Husak comes to his mixed theory largely because he doubts that giving offenders their just deserts is a sufficiently strong reason to justify punishing them. This last conclusion is mostly an intuition on his part, and at that level the issue is joined with the retributivist intuition that motivates my legal moralism. Partly, however, Husak supports his intuition by urging that retributivist/legal moralist theorists "do not show why the state is justified in punishing these culpable wrongdoers" [201]. Conceding for the sake of argument that culpable wrongdoers receiving their just deserts is a good that gives all of us a reason to punish them, Husak challenges me to show why the state has any more reason to do this than anyone else.
The answer that I have urged before is that the giving of punishment is dangerous to virtue. (48) Doing so easily can give rise to those dark emotions that Nietzsche lumped together under the French term ressentiment, emotions of resentment, projected guilt, sadism, envy, and so on. Giving the power of punishment to the state alone does not eliminate that danger--witness, as examples, the sometime corruption of prison guards and the fraternity parties outside prison gates when there is an execution. But it does reduce such danger because institutionalized punishment can reduce the opportunities for sadism, abuse, and the pleasure of giving pain that can corrupt our virtue.
Second, equality of punishment is a good for retributivists no less than anyone else. Substantive proportionality (of punishment to desert) is of course good from a retributivist point of view, but so is comparative proportionality. Making punishment exclusively the prerogative of the state surely enhances the likelihood of achieving comparative proportionality--equality in sentencing--because the enduring entity that is the state can better coordinate its decisions, both at a time and over time. Individual punishers could much more easily be all over the map, even if they cared about equalizing their punishments, which many would not.
Third, there are the epistemic advantages the state may plausibly be thought to possess. In the achieving of substantive proportionality--making the punishment fit the crime--a state less blinded by the passions of vengeance and revenge has a better chance of accurately gauging just deserts. However, private individuals who are victims (actually or vicariously) may err too easily on the side of harshness in making these judgments.
These three considerations all militate in favor of the state being the exclusive exacter of retributive justice. There are undoubtedly many other reasons of a consequentialist or even utilitarian flavor that favor this conclusion. These arguments, too, are available to a retributivist, at least if he is of the stripe (as am I) that backgrounds his categorical obligations with a general consequentialism. (49)
Husak also gives a third reason why achieving retributivist justice is insufficient to justify criminal punishment. This reason leads us into the fourth difference between the minimalist and legal moralist theories. Husak urges that "consequentialist reasons must be included in the justification of criminal law and punishment" [203]. To be sure, Husak thinks this in part because of the insufficiency of retributive reasons, a conclusion he reaches because of the two considerations just examined. But Husak also thinks this because of the inherent plausibility of including certain kinds of consequentialist considerations in one's justification of punishment. (In other words, even if retributivist considerations were not insufficient by themselves, Husak would conclude they were insufficient anyway insofar as they did not include Husak's favored consequentialist considerations.)
Husak's favored consequentialist considerations are three in number, having to do with the costs of punishment earlier mentioned. First, we should take into account the "astronomical" expense of administering our penal system--prisons, jails, police, courts, probation offices, and so on [116]. Second, any system of punishment makes mistakes, inevitably punishing some innocent persons [203-204]. Third, power corrupts, and abuse by those who have it is to some extent inevitable. This too is costly [204].
Husak accuses legal moralists of being "insensitive" to these three "drawbacks of punishment" [204]. Yet a sensible legal moralist is a properly sensitized fellow. Only a monomaniacal retributivist would urge that we must achieve retributive justice, no matter what the cost. A sensible retributivist admits that there are many good things to achieve with our comparatively scarce public resources, of which retributive justice is only one. Often we will sacrifice retributive justice to the attainment of these other good things. This includes sacrificing punishing some guilty in order to prevent more of the rights violations that violent crime represents; if a dollar of public resources expended could either catch and punish a guilty offender or prevent his offense to start with, surely we should use it to do the latter. (50)
Notice that this "budget committee" consequentialism is inevitable in government, (51) but that it in no sense betokens abandonment of justice-centered views of what the state should be seeking to achieve through law. Distributive justice, corrective justice, and natural rights protections are costly to realize by law too, and this limits how much of any of these goods we can achieve. Yet it would be a mistake to think that this acknowledgement represents any abandonment of these justice-centered views of law. In particular it would be a mistake to conclude, as does Husak, that preventative and expressive consequences have to be included within one's theory of punishment along with retributivism, by reason of these budgetary considerations. This would be like saying that Rawls is a mixed theorist about distributive justice, or Nozick a mixed theorist about the natural right to property, because neither of them can ignore the costs of realizing their schemes of justice. Truly mixed theories of these matters require that some social benefit be achieved by redistributive institutions, labor-rewarding title rules, or punishment practices before they can be justified, because by their nature these justice considerations are insufficient to justify them. Recognizing the inevitable costs of legal realization of any of these schemes of justice, by contrast, in no way elevates these consequentialist considerations to a necessary place in one's theory of justice.
Better is Husak's demand that the justice theorist at least convince us that the good achievable by setting up legal institutions to realize his preferred form of justice outweigh the inevitable costs [204]. This is a fair demand. Yet Husak thinks that in the case of the retributivist/legal moralist this means that he must show us that the intrinsic goodness of achieving retributive justice is alone enough to outweigh the three costs of achieving it [204]. And this is not true. Rather, what must be shown is that the goodness of achieving retributive justice is sufficient to outweigh the net balance of costs and other benefits of setting up punishment institutions. If punishing the guilty achieves the benefits of crime-prevention and expression of censure that Husak claims it does [205], then one must net out these social benefits of punishment against its social costs, and then ask (if the net is negative, which it may not be) whether the goodness of achieving retributive justice is enough to make its achievement worth its net cost. We require no more of other justice theories, such as Lockean natural rights theories of property. We do not ask whether rewarding (with a property right) those whose labor creates value is good enough that it outweighs the detriment to others who are excluded by the property right; rather, we ask only whether such a reward of labor is good enough to outweigh the net detriment of exclusion, taking into account the benefits of having property rights (which benefits prominently include the creation of wealth by the incentive effects of property rights). (52)
The upshot is that this fourth difference is less than it seems, or that Husak pretends that it is. A sensible legal moralist/retributivist can and should take into account all of the items Husak wants taken into account. Only: (1) the legal moralist need not think that he is thereby abandoning his retributivist theory of punishment (in favor of a mixed theory) when he does so; and (2) the degree of goodness he needs to attribute to giving offenders their just deserts is a lot less than Husak claims.
The fifth and last difference between the two theories has to do with how they treat the requirements of legality. The principle of legality, as it is known in the criminal law, is an amalgam of requirements justified by a medley of different values. The whole cluster of requirements and values is called "the" principle of legality. Roughly, the principle requires that no one be subject to punishment unless the behavior for which he is to be punished was prohibited by a statute (not a common law rule), that the statute was in force at the time the behavior took place, that it was clear enough in its content to be understood, that it was non-contradictory with other requirements of law, that it was generally applied, and so forth. (53)
Husak queries how a legal moralist/retributivist can justify this principle [202 n. 108]. The worry is that the good of punishing culpable wrongdoing can be achieved irrespective of whether that wrongdoing was prohibited by a statute satisfying the demands of legality. The punishment of Adolph Eichmann in Israel, and other Nazis at Nuremburg, seem to be illustrations of this.
One easy response here would be that of the "legalistic retributivist" (Husak's label) [89]. Legalistic retributivism is the view that retributive justice is achieved by punishing those who have broken the law, even if the law defining the offense is unjustified because it prohibits morally innocent behavior. If legalistic retributivism were true, then one might well justify legality as part of the formalities attendant upon the valid legal prohibition that is the trigger for punishment according to this view. Yet legalistic retributivism is very implausible, as I and Husak [89] both think. There is no retributive justice achieved in punishing morally innocent behavior, and the mere fact that such behavior is legally prohibited does not make that behavior morally wrong.
Putting aside legalistic retributivism, Husak's query is a real one for all plausible forms of retributivism/ legal moralism. My answer is again to defend only a sensible, non-monomaniacal form of retributivism. The principle of legality does serve important values, yet they are values quite extraneous to the achievement of retributive justice. A sensible retributivist does not have to show how such values are a part of retributivism or how legality's constraints follow from retributivism. He needs only to show how the principle of legality can plausibly combine with retributivist reasons for punishment.
Requiring that there be statutes in place meeting the requirements of legality can achieve the following ends: (1) make salient the solutions to coordination games that we all have obligations to solve, such as which side of the road to drive on; (2) give incentives to solve the collective action problems in prisoner's dilemmas or chicken type situations that we all have obligations to solve, such as paying our taxes; (3) can make reliably clear what in morality may be unclear, such as when youth fades into maturity or a fetus/baby becomes a person; (4) can allocate governmental functions in the more efficient way contemplated by the traditional tri-partite separation of powers; (5) can allocate the major social choices to the more democratic of institutions under a scheme of separated powers, that is, to the legislature rather than the courts; and (6) can give additional incentives to individuals to avoid wrongdoing when their own internally generated motivations are insufficiently strong.
A sensible retributivist will recognize that these values extraneous to retributivism are real values too, so that most of the time they will constrain the achievement of retributive justice to just those cases where the requirements of legality are satisfied. But not always, as the Nazi examples show: when the goodness of punishing is great (because the guilt of those punished is great), then legality should lose out. Husak says that "why these values should be balanced in this way is not altogether clear" [202 n. 108]. Well, maybe, but Doug, I can't say it any better!
Having defended my virtue as best I can, it is time to step back and say why this is a good and important book by one of the world's leading philosophers of the criminal law. Husak is surely right that we have too many criminal laws. Overcriminalization is more of a crisis now than it was 40 years ago when Kadish proclaimed it to be such. (54) Our society criminalizes things it has no business criminalizing, without question.
With Husak, I think that part of the reason for this lies in a forgetfulness of our legislators bordering on willful blindness. When legislating, it is easy to focus on using the threat of the criminal sanction to prevent any form of undesirable behavior. Such a preventative focus forgets that no criminal law ever prevents all of the behavior that it prohibits, no matter how draconian the sanction. Thus much of the kind of behavior that is prohibited will be done despite such prohibition, and then the doer of it must be punished. If legislators simply said to themselves, "I cannot prohibit what I am not willing to punish," perhaps the great bloat of our criminal code could be diminished.
Husak's label for his theory--"minimalism"--is quite up front about his ambitions for the theory, which is to justify drastically fewer criminal prohibitions. In this our two theories do not disagree, and this reduces the differences between the theories charted in the last section to comparative quibbles. Such quibbles are the grist for the philosopher's mill, keeping us all employed no doubt, but they should in no way diminish the important achievement that this book represents. I am pleased to offer this commentary in the hope that it may help this book to receive the wide readership and acclaim that it deserves.
[This paper was given at the Center for Applied Philosophy and Public Ethics of the Australian National University, Canberra, in July 2008. My thanks go to the participants, and particularly Douglas Husak, for their helpful comments.]
(1) Douglas Husak, Overcriminalization: The Limits of the Criminal Law (New York: Oxford University Press, 2008). [Bracketed page numbers in the text refer to this volume.]
(2) Michael S. Moore, Placing Blame: A General Theory of the Criminal Law (Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press, 1997), chaps. 16-18.
(3) John Stuart Mill, On Liberty, in J. S. Mill's On Liberty in Focus, ed. J. Gray and G. W. Smith (1859; London: Routledge, 1991).
(4) On this, see Gerald Dworkin, "Paternalism," in Morality and the Law, ed. R. Wasserstrom (Belmont, CA: Wadsworth, 1971).
(5) See Moore, Placing Blame, 750 53, 767.
(6) James Fitzjames Stephen, Liberty, Equality, Fraternity, ed. Stuart Warner (1873; Indianapolis, IN: Liberty Fund, 1993). Stephen Morse traces Stephen's general standing within nineteenth century criminal law scholarship in Morse, "Thoroughly Modern: Sir James Fitzjames Stephen on Criminal Responsibility," Ohio State Journal of Criminal Law 5 (2008): 505-22.
(7) Stephen, Liberty, Equality, Fraternity, 17, 231.
(8) H. L. A. Hart, Law, Liberty, and Morality (New York: Vintage Books, 1963).
(9) Patrick Devlin, The Enforcement of Morals (Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press, 1965).
(10) Joel Feinberg, Harm to Others: Moral Limits of the Criminal Law (Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press, 1984).
(11) Joel Feinberg, Offense to Others: Moral Limits of the Criminal Law (Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press, 1985).
(12) Joel Feinberg, Harms to Self: Moral Limits of the Criminal Law (Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press, 1986).
(13) Joel Feinberg, Harmless Wrongdoing: Moral Limits of the Criminal Law (Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press, 1988).
(14) Feinberg, Offense to Others.
(15) Michael Sandel, "Moral Argument and Liberal Toleration: Abortion and Homosexuality," California Law Review 77 (1989): 521-38.
(16) Robert George, Making Men Moral: Civil Liberties and Public Morality (Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press, 1993).
(17) An idea shared by those more in the middle of the political spectrum too. See Joseph Raz, The Morality of Freedom (Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press, 1986); and Moore, Placing Blame, chaps. 16-18.
(18) Herbert Packer, The Limits of the Criminal Sanction (Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 1968).
(19) Norval Morris and Gordon Hawkings, The Honest Politician's Guide to Crime Control (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1970).
(20) Sanford Kadish, "The Crisis of Overcriminalization," Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 347 (1967): 157-70.
(21) For a summary of the literature, see Moore, Placing Blame, 663-65.
(22) Ibid.
(23) John M. Junker makes this criticism in "Criminalization and Criminogenesis," UCLA Law Review 19 (1972): 700.
(24) Husak so criticizes this older literature, Overcriminalization, 59.
(25) Husak's rather disparaging term for the debates in political theory just summarized. Ibid., vi.
(26) It doubtlessly sounds a bit odd to describe a famous utilitarian such as Mill as someone who has a "deontological cast" to his theory of liberty. Yet it is a well known puzzle about Mill how his basic utilitarian philosophy could accommodate his strident, categorical immunization of behavior not harmful to others from regulation. See, e.g., Dworkin, "Paternalism." The standard reconciliation is to construe Mill as some kind of rule (or other indirect) utilitarian. John Rawls, in his unpublished lectures on Mill, had a different interpretation of Mill: liberty was a presupposition of utilitarianism, because only freely formed preferences were plausibly valuable enough to be summed in the utilitarian calculus.
(27) As he states up front, one of Husak's main objectives in developing a theory of criminal legislation is "to combat the problem of criminalization," a problem of "injustice of monstrous proportions" about which he "can barely conceal [his] outrage." Husak, Overcriminalization, v, vii.
(28) I summarize the various requirements lumped together as "the" principle of legality in Michael Moore, Act and Crime: The Implications of the Philosophy of Action for the Criminal Law (Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press, 1993), chap. 9.
(29) Ibid. for a tabulation of these different values.
(30) The "new anarchists" on political obligation include M. B. E. Smith, Joseph Raz, Heidi Hurd, and myself. See, e.g., M. B. E. Smith, "Is There a Prima Facie Obligation to Obey the Law?" Yale Law Journal 82 (1973): 950-76.
(31) Moore, Placing Blame, 662.
(32) Ibid., 662-63.
(33) I so argue in my defense of moral realism, in Moore, Objectivity in Ethics and Law (Aldershot, UK: Ashgate, 2004), 135-37.
(34) Joel Feinberg, Social Philosophy (Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, 1973), 20-22.
(35) My own articulation of the presumption of liberty is in Moore, Placing Blame, 746-50, and in Moore, "Freedom," Harvard Journal of Law and Public Policy 29 (2005): 11-15. Early on in his theoretical work, Husak expressed skepticism about there being a presumption of liberty. Husak, "The Presumption of Freedom," Nous 17 (1983): 345 62. But I take his current shifting of the burden of proof onto the state to justify any criminal prohibition whatsoever (Overcriminalization, 99-100) to be but another way of stating the presumption in favor of liberty.
(36) I detail these values in Moore, "Freedom," 11-15.
(37) A bit of quick footwork needs to be done to avoid the seeming contradiction of having a permission to do what one has an obligation not to do. In a nutshell: one does not have a (Hohfeldian) liberty to do that action, for that would imply an absence of a duty not to do it; rather, along with one's duty not to do it comes an even stronger duty on others not to coerce your choice not to do it. See Moore, Placing Blame, 765-66.
(38) This is what I call the basic right to liberty. Ibid., 763-77.
(40) H. L. A. Hart, Punishment and Responsibility (Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press, 1968), 7.
(41) Ibid., 6.
(44) I refer to the Sidgwick/(G. E.) Moore/ Perry debate at the turn of the last century. For discussion and citations, see Moore, Objectivity in Ethics and Law, 238-41.
(45) On why breach of promise is not a serious wrong, see Heidi Hurd, "Promises/Schmomises," unpublished manuscript. On minor immoralities generally, see Judith Shklar, Ordinary Vices (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1984).
(46) See the interesting tale of such legislation in Karen Lundegaard, "Risky Riders: Bikers Take Aim at Helmet Laws," Wall Street Journal, December 1, 2004, A1.
(47) Moore, Placing Blame, 750-62.
(48) Ibid., 115-127, 151-2.
(49) On this general picture of ethics, see Michael Moore, Causation and Responsibility (Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press, 2009), chap. 3.
(50) See Michael Moore, "Four Reflections on Law and Morality," William and Mary Law Review 48 (2007): 1551-52.
(52) As Robert Nozick argues in his construal of the Lockean proviso in his Anarchy, State, and Utopia (New York: Oxford University Press, 1974), 177.
(53) Moore, Act and Crime, chap. 9.
(54) Kadish, "The Crisis of Overcriminalization."
MICHAEL S. MOORE *
* Michael S. Moore is Walgreen University Chair, Professor of Law, Professor of Philosophy, Professor in the Center for Advanced Study, and Co-Director of the Program in Law and Philosophy at the University of Illinois, Champaign. Email: micmoore@law.uiuc.edu
COPYRIGHT 2009 Institute for Criminal Justice Ethics
Moore, Michael S.
Douglas Husak, Overcriminalization: The Limits Of The Criminal Law.
Paternalism on pain of punishment.
Costs (Law)
Insider trading (Securities)
Insider trading in securities
Foreword.
Topology, geometry and quantum field theory; proceedings.
Operator theory, operator algebras, and applications; proceedings.
Logic in computer science (LICS 2005); proceedings.
Spectral theory and mathematical physics; proceedings; 2v.
Logic in computer science; proceedings.
Style in fiction: new directions for research.
Real-time and embedded technology and applications; proceedings.
Introduction to the IAEVG-SVP-NCDA symposium, Padua, Italy, September 2007.
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0032.json.gz/line1826853
|
__label__wiki
| 0.630976
| 0.630976
|
The Free Library > Science and Technology > Science and technology, general > Bulletin of Pure & Applied Sciences-Zoology > July 1, 2007
The Free Library > Date > 2007 > July > 1 > Bulletin of Pure & Applied Sciences-Zoology
Effect of Deltamethrin on glycogen phosphorylase and glucose-6-phosphatase activity in freshwater fish Labeo rohita.
<a href="https://www.thefreelibrary.com/Effect+of+Deltamethrin+on+glycogen+phosphorylase+and...-a0199539299</a>
MLA style: "Effect of Deltamethrin on glycogen phosphorylase and glucose-6-phosphatase activity in freshwater fish Labeo rohita.." The Free Library. 2007 A.K. Sharma, Ed & Pub 19 Jan. 2021 https://www.thefreelibrary.com/Effect+of+Deltamethrin+on+glycogen+phosphorylase+and...-a0199539299
Chicago style: The Free Library. S.v. Effect of Deltamethrin on glycogen phosphorylase and glucose-6-phosphatase activity in freshwater fish Labeo rohita.." Retrieved Jan 19 2021 from https://www.thefreelibrary.com/Effect+of+Deltamethrin+on+glycogen+phosphorylase+and...-a0199539299
APA style: Effect of Deltamethrin on glycogen phosphorylase and glucose-6-phosphatase activity in freshwater fish Labeo rohita.. (n.d.) >The Free Library. (2014). Retrieved Jan 19 2021 from https://www.thefreelibrary.com/Effect+of+Deltamethrin+on+glycogen+phosphorylase+and...-a0199539299
Globally agriculture accounts for nearly 70 percent of all fresh water resources withdrawn from rivers, lakes and underground water etc. In addition, increasing population and industries have put further pressure on these limited resources. The problem associated with monoculture practices such as use of synthetic fertilizers, pesticides have become integral part of intensive agriculture. The aquatic organisms are subjected to stress by the dissolved pesticides which enter into the aquatic medium by the surface runoff. Alteration in the chemical composition of a natural aquatic environment usually induces changes in the behavior and physiological aspects of the inhabitants. Particularly the fish (O'Brien, 1967). Studies have revealed the importance of principal tissue metabolites viz carbohydrates, proteins and fats as energy sources as well as biomass builders. Carbohydrates serve as a reservoir of chemical energy, which is utilized according to the requirement of organisms. Animal coming in contact with pesticide experience stress and this stressful situation elicit neuroendocrine response, which in turn induces disturbance in carbohydrate metabolism. Administration of chemicals has been shown to alter the above metabolites (Murthy and Priyamvadadevi 1982; Palanichamy et al., 1986; Rajalakshmi and Reddi., 1988).Alongwith principal metabolites, intermediate metabolites may also provide information regarding energy metabolism and path way. But their in tissues are in turn influenced by the metabolic state of the organism. In the present study, an attempt has been made to study the effect of deltamethrin on enzymatic changes in carbohydrate metabolism in the freshwater fish Labeo rohita.
The freshwater fish Labeo rohita of weight 10 [+ or -] 2 g and length 8-12 cm were collected from the unpolluted ponds in and around Anantapur, Andhra Pradesh. The fish were fed daily with commercial fish pellets Ad libitum having around 50% protein content and chopped sheep liver once in two days, and allowed to acclimatize for 15 days. Water was renewed every day to provide freshwater, rich in oxygen. Commercial grade deltamethrin (2.8% EC) of liquid formations manufactured by Agrevo India Ltd. (Trade name Decis) was purchased from local agro-chemical stores and the 96 h LC50 values were determined following the method of Finney Probit Kill-theory (1971). The fish were exposed to lethal (96 h LC50 i.e., 1 ppm) and sublethal (1/10th 96 h LC50 i.e., 0.1 ppm) concentrations of deltamethrin and at the end of the exposure periods, the fish were stunned to death and target organs like gill, liver and muscle were dissected out and glycogen phosphorylase was estimated by method of Sutherland (1955) and glucose-6-phosphatase was estimated by method of Yeung et al,. (1967). The animals were starved for 24 hours prior to each estimation so as to eliminate the possibility of differential feeding if any influencing the estimations. Statistical analysis was done according to Duncan's multiple range (DMR) test .
From the data presented in the table 1, it was noticed that there is significant elevation in the glycogen phosphorylase level in the gill, muscle and liver of fish exposed to lethal and sublethal concentration of deltamethrin. The glycogen phosphorylase content was very high in the liver of control fish than in muscle and gill. The percent increase in both lethal and sublethal concentrations was also more in liver compared to muscle and gill. Contrasting trends of elevation was noticed in lethal and sublethal exposure periods. In the tissues of fish exposed to lethal concentration, there was a progressive increase from day 1 to day 4, but in tissues of fish exposed to sublethal concentration there was a progressive reduction in the elevation of this enzyme from day 1 to day 8.
Glucose-6-phosphatase activity showed a significant increase in the liver tissue of fish exposed to lethal and sublethal concentration of deltamethrin (table 2). The elevation increased with increase in the lethal exposure period from day 1 to day 4. But the elevation was reduced with the increase in sublethal exposure periods of day 1, day 4 and day 8.
The control of glycogen metabolism by the enzymes phosphorylase and glycogen synthetase is effected in animal tissues mainly through the inter conversions of the active and inactive forms of these enzymes. Glycogenolysis is initiated by an enzyme, active phosphorylase 'a' ultimately producing glucose. The glucose so produced or the glucose absorbed from diet undergoes a series of reactions through anaerobic glycolytic pathway in the tissues to produce pyruvic acid and then lactic acid or the pyruvic acid undergoes oxidative decarboxylation to form acetyl Co-A which is channelised into aerobic Kreb's cycle, which in its cycle generates reduced nucleotides (NADH and FAD) for the ultimate generation of biological currency, ATP through electron transport system. Glycogen phosphorylase is an enzyme that exists in two forms, one activated with adenosine mono phosphate (AMP) and the other activated without it, which are interconversible by phosphorylation and dephosphorylation mechanism (Cori and Cori 1945; Cori et al., 1955). This, being an enzyme concerned with the metabolic breakdown of glycogen, assumes considerable importance in studies involving liver and muscle glycogen levels. In addition to phosphorylase activity, in the liver, glucose to phosphatase acts as a catalyst in the conversion of glucose-6-phosphate to glucose. Hydrolysis of glucose-6-phosphate is a key step in the process of gluconeogenesis. During stress conditions, the alterations in blood glucose glycogen levels in liver and muscle in fishes affect the rate of activity of these two enzymes.
The phosphorylation of phosphorylase 'b' to phosphorylase 'a' catalyzed by phosphorylase 'b' kinase in turn also exists in active (phosphorylated) and an inactive (non-phosphorylation) form. The latter is converted to the former in the presence of ATP and another enzyme called protein kinase. Protein kinase exists in an inactive form, which in turn activated by cyclic AMP. Epinephrine, a primary messenger acts by activating the adenyl cyclase system which catalyzes the synthesis of cyclic AMP from ATP. A single stimulus, the release of epinephrine, results not only in the increased glycogen break down by phosphorylase but also, decreased glycogen synthesis through the formation of glycogen synthetase D (an inactive form). Glycogen is the main catalytic force in the chain of chemical events which inclined towards the using up of glycogen. Because of this reason alone phosphorylase enjoys the strategic position in the glycolytic sequence (Villara Palace and Larner, 1970; Lehninger, 1978; Harper et al., 1979).
In the present investigation phosphorylase activity increased in all exposure tissues. It suggests the active break down of the tissue glycogen to enhance the energy output to meet the augmented energy demand under pesticidal stress. It indicates active break down of tissue glycogen for energy production. This is necessary for the induction and synthesis of detoxifying enzymes and transportation of necessary metabolites under stress condition. Aquatic animals mostly gill breathers suffer from hypoxia in tissues under pesticide exposure breakdown through activation of tissue phosphorylase 'a' enzyme. The boosting up of phosphorylase 'a' activity may be the result of hormonal imbalance caused by the deltamethrin treatment since it is known that pesticide administration leads to increased glycogen production which activates cyclic AMP.
The studies in Killi fish and brown bull head have indicated that epinephrine induced hepatic glycogenolysis and increased the specific activity of hepatic glycogen phosphorylase along with cyclic AMP (Umminger and Benziger, 1975). Apart from epinephrine, excess in divalent cations like Ca++ is also known to convert inactive phosphorylase 'b' to active 'a' form (Siva Prasada Rao, 1980 and Rafat Yasmeen, 1986). The release of free intra cellular calcium by hormones or by muscle depolarization provides a secondary mechanism of regulating the phosphorylase system (Rafat Yasmeen, 1986). Prevalence of anoxic/hypoxic conditions (Dezwan and Zandee, 1972; Siva Prasada Rao, 1980) due to pesticide stress in the tissues may also be responsible for the enhanced phosphorylase 'a' activity. Ultimately resulting in the depletion of glycogen reserves supports the results obtained in the present study. Ghousia Begum and Vasantha Vijaya Raghavan (1999) observed that the enzyme glycogen phosphorylase is involved in glycolytic pathway in the initial catalysis of glycogen to glucose-1-phosphate, by which the glycogen is made available for energy releases under stress. The increased phosphorylase 'a' activity in muscle tissue of C. batrachus exposed to Rogar confirm the active breakdown of tissue glycogen for metabolic processes to meet the augmented stress conditions. This is also supported by the observed decrease in phosphorylase 'a' reported in muscle of T. mossambica after exposure to sumithion (Koundinya and Ramamurthy, 1979). Rogar reduced oxidative metabolism in the muscle tissue of C. batrachus. Consequently these fish switch over to anaerobiosis as evidenced from the increased lactate content in muscle tissue. Further it has already been reported that there is bioaccumulation of this pesticide in the muscle tissue (Begum and Raghavan, 1995).
Elevated phosphorylase 'a' activity was observed in the liver, muscle and tissue of Claris batrachus exposed endosulfan (Srinivas, 1993). Increase in the activity of phosphorylase throughout the exposure period suggests the increased oxidation of glucose was through glycolytic pathway. Depletion in the glucose could also be attributed to its sequestration into blood (Gopal et al., 1980). It indicate glycolysis and hyperglycemia by activation of the phospshorylase enzyme system during pesticide poisoning (Reddy et al., 1994). Glucose-6-phosphatase is localized in the endoplasmic reticulum of the cell. It catalysis the rate limiting reaction of glucose-6-phosphatase into the glucose and phosphate. Any effect on the activity of the enzyme due to pesticide impact will result in impairment of carbohydrate metabolism (Grant and Mehrle, 1970). Glucose-6-phosphatase, an enzyme present in liver but not in muscle. The Mg2+ dependent enzyme is found in the endoplasmic reticulum of hepatocytes. Glucose produced by gluconeogenesis in the liver or in the diet is delivered to brain and muscle through the blood stream. Glucose-6-phosphatase may be oxidized for energy production via glycolysis, decarboxylation of pyruvate and citric acid cycle. Glucose-6-phosphatase is the substrate for the pentose phosphate pathway, yielding, both reducing power NADH, needed for the biosynthesis of fatty acids and cholesterol.
In the present study glucose-6-phosphatase activity was elevated in liver tissue of deltamethrin exposed to Labeo rohita. It is evident from the results that the liver is organ which is most affected as site of carbohydrate metabolism. It is also the first organ to receive molecule carried through portal circulation. Pesticide treatment blocks the mobilization of liver glycogen by inhibiting the glucose-6-phosphatese activity. David (1995) observed elevated levels of glucose-6-phosphatase activity in Labeo rohita exposed to fenvalerate. Rashatwar and Ilyas (1984) studied the toxic effect of phosphomidon on glucose-6-phosphatase activity in the fish Nemachelius, Sastry et al., (1993) observed aldrin induced alterations in the activity of glucose-6-phosphatase in the freshwater teleost fish Channa punctatus. Srinivas (1993) studied the glucose-6-phosphatase in the fresh water fish Clarias batrachus which exposed to endosulfan. Sastry and Sharma (1980) observed the glucose-6-phosphatase activity in Ophiocephalus exposed to diazinon. Sastry and Sharma (1980) observed in Nemachelius denisonii exposed to phosphomidon, are in support of present results obtained and hence it is evident that deltamethrin affects the carbohydrate metabolism through inhibitory effect of an enzyme system.
(1.) Begam, G. and Raghavan, V. 1995. Carbohydrate metabolism in hepatic tissue of fresh water Cat fish Clarias batrachus during dimethoate exposure," Food Chem. toxicology of organophosphates and carbamates. Butterworth-Heinemann, Oxford, P. 555-577.
(2.) Cori, G.T. and Cori, C.F. 1945. The enzyme conversion of phosphorylase a to b. J. Biol. Chem., 158: 321-332.
(3.) Cori, G.T., Illingworth, B. and Kelle, D.J. 1955. Muscle phosphorylase. In: Methods in Enzymology, Vol. I (eds.) Sp. Colowick and N.O. Kaplan, Academic Press, New York, P. 200-205.
(4.) David, M. 1995. Effect of fenvalerate on behavioural, physiological and biochemical aspects of fresh water fish, Labeo rohita (Hamilton). Ph.D. Thesis, S.K. University, Anantapur.
(5.) Dezwaan, A. and Zandee, D.T. 1972. The utilization of glycogen accumulation of some intermediates during anaerobiosis in Mytilus edulis L. Comp. Biochem. Physiol., B: 43: 47-54.
(6.) Finney, D. J. 1971. Probit Analysis, 3rd edition, Cambridge University Press, London
(7.) Gopal, K., Anand, M.,Khanna, N. and Mishra, D. 1980. Endosulfan induced changes in blood glucose of catfish Clarias batrachus. J.Adv Zool 2:68-74.
(8.) Ghousia Begum and Vasantha Vijaya Raghavan. 1999. Effect of acute exposure of the organophosphate insecticide Roger on some biochemical aspects of Clarias batrachus (Linnaeus), Ecotoxicology Environmental Safety, 80: 80-83.
(9.) Grant, B.F. and Mehrle, P.M. 1970. Chronic endrin poisoning in gold fish Carassius auretus. J. fish. Res. Board Can. 27: 225.
(10.) Harper, H.A., rodwell, V.M. and Mayer, P.A. 1979. In: Review of Physiological Chemistry, 17th edition, Longe Medical Publications, Maruzer Company Limited, California.
(11.) Koundinya, P.R. and Ramamurthy, R. 1979. Effect of pesticide sumithion (Fenetriothion) on some aspects of carbohydrate metabolism in freshwater fish Sarotherodon, Tilapia mossambicus (Peters). Experientia, 35: 1632-1633.
(12.) Lehninger, A.L. 1978. Biochemistry--The molecular basis of cell structure and function. Kalyani Publications, Ludhiana, India, P. 223-236.
(13.) Murthy and Priyamvadadevi. 1982. The effect of endosulfan and its isomers on tissue protein, glycogen and lipids in the fish Channa punctatus. Pesticide Bioochem. Physiol. 17:280-286.
(14.) O'Brien, R.D. 1967. Insecticdes action and metabolism. Academic Press, London, New York.
(15.) Palanichamy,S. .Baskaran, P. and Balasubramanian, M.P.1986. Sublethal effects of urea on food intake, growth and conservation efficiency of the fish Tilapida mossambica. Environ. Ecol.3:157-161.
(16.) Rajalakshmi and Reddi, P.M. 1988. Toxic impact of fenvelorate on the protein metabolism in the brachial tissue of a fish, Cyprinus carpio. Sci. 57 (4):211-212.
(17.) Rafat Yasmeen. 1986. Physiological responses of fresh water fish Anabas scandens (Curier) to the toxicity of endosulfan. Ph.D. Thesis, Osmania University, Hyderabad, India
(18.) Rashatwar, S.S. and Ilyas, R. 1984. Effect of phosphomidon in a fresh water teleost fish Nemachelius denisonii (Day)-Histopathological and Biochemical Studies. J. Environ. Biol. 5(1): 1-8.
(19.) Reddy, D.S.,Ghanapathy,V.V.,Reddy,S.L.N. and Shankariah.,K. 1994. Hepatotoxic effect of hexachlorocyclohexene on carbohyrdate metabolism of a fresh water fish Channa punctatus. Bull.Environ.Contami. Toxicol. 53:733-739.
(20.) Sastry, K.V., Samuel, M. and Shukla, V. 1993. Metabolic alteration produced by the organochlorine aldrin in the fresh water teleost fish Channa punctatus. Ind. J. Environ. & Toxicol. 1: 49-56.
(21.) Sastry, K.V. and Sharma, K. 1980. Diazinon effect on the activities of brain enzymes from Ophiocephalus (Channa) punctatus. Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 24: 326-332.
(22.) Siva Prasad Rao, K. 1980. Studies on some aspects of metabolic changes with emphasis on carbohydrate utilization in cell-free systems of the fresh water teleost, Tilapia mossambica (Peters), subjected to methyl parathion exposure. Ph.D. Thesis, S.V. University, Tirupati, India.
(23.) Srinivas, R. 1993. Impact of endosulfan on carbohydrate metabolism in the fresh water fish, Clarias batrachus (Linn.). Ph.D. Thesis, Osmania University, Hyderabad, A.P.
(24.) Sutherland, E.W. 1955. Polysaccharide phosphorylase, liver. In: Methods in enzymology. Vol. I (Eds) S.P. Colowick and N.O. Kaplan, Academic Press, New York, P 215-225.
(25.) Umminger, B.L. and Beniger, D. 1975. Stimulation of hepatic glycogen phosphorylase activity by epinephrine and glucagon in the brown bull head, Ictalurus nebulosus. Gen. Comp. Endocrinol. 25: 96-104.
(26.) Villar-Palace, C. and Larner, J. 1970. J. Ann. Rev. Biochem.39: 639.
(27.) Yeung, D., Stanley, R.S. and Oliver, I.T. 1967. Development of gluconeogenesis in neonatal rat liver, effect of triamcinaoline. J. Biochem.105: 1219-1227.
* V.Venkata Rathnamma, M. Vijaya Kumar and G.H. Philip
* Department of Zoology, Acharya Nagarjuna University, Nagarjunanagar-522510, Guntur. (A.P.), India
Table-1: Glycogen phosphorylase activity ([micro]M/mg/protein/h) in
the tissues of fish Labeo rohita on exposure to lethal and sublethal
concentrations of deltamethrin
Name of Control Exposure period in days
Tissue Lethal Sublethal
Gill 0.667b 0.749e 1.155f 0.475a 0.740d 0.7122c
SD [+ or -] 0.021 0.022 0.015 0.019 0.016 0.002
% change 12.3 73.21 12.03 10.94 6.74
Liver 3.970a 4.370c 7.112f 4.558e 4.482d 4.319b
% change 10.07 79.11 17.80 12.89 8.77
Muscle 2.566a 3.064e 4.336f 2.869d 2.847c 2.738b
% change +19.43 +68.98 +11.80 +10.97 +6.70
Means are [+ or -] SD (n = 6) for a tissue in a column followed by
the same letter are not signiftly different (P < 0.05) from each
other according to Duncan's multiple range (DMR) test. The values
below the mean are per cent change over control.
Table-2: Glucose-6-phosphatase activity ([micro]M/mg/protein/h) in the
tissues of fish Labeo rohita on exposure to lethal and sublethal
Name of Exposure period in days
the Control
Liver 2.462a 2.809d 3.969f 2.958e 2.777c 2.743b
% change +14.09 +61.20 +20.15 +12.81 +11.39
COPYRIGHT 2007 A.K. Sharma, Ed & Pub
Rathnamma, V. Venkata; Kumar, M. Vijaya; Philip, G.H.
Bulletin of Pure & Applied Sciences-Zoology
Biological studies of Tetranychus neocaledonicus (Andre) (Acari: Tetranychidae) infesting Moringa oleifera Lam.
Biochemical changes in the liver and ovary of fresh water Murrel, Channa punctatus after chronic exposure to zinc.
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0032.json.gz/line1826854
|
__label__wiki
| 0.877639
| 0.877639
|
Employment and labour
TMT (Telecoms, Media, Technology)
SURVEYS & REPORTS
Innovative firms
InHouse leaders
New Zealand Law Awards
NZ Lawyer
Simmons & Simmons advises Norwegian power developer on Europe’s biggest wind farm
The wind farm will power around 340,000 households
By Bernise Carolino
Simmons & Simmons has advised Norwegian wind-power developer NBT on what’s set to be Europe’s biggest onshore wind farm.
The London-headquartered firm is advising NBT on the Zophia Wind Park in Ukraine, which is expected to have a total capacity of 792.5MW, or enough electricity to power around 340,000 households.
With a team led by projects partner Alex Blomfield and assisted by associates Louise Mackenzie and Elizabeth Ormesher, the firm steered the negotiations on the engineering, procurement and construction contracts between NBT and China Electric Power Equipment and Technology, a subsidiary of State Grid Corporation of China, the state-owned electric utility monopoly of China.
A former chief justice helped this Bell Gully senior associate to jumpstart a legal career
Combustible cladding class action takes off in High Court with Russell McVeagh’s help
Former EY Law employment head launches private practice
The firm has been involved in the second and third stages of the Zophia deal, as well as in the preliminary financing arrangement agreement, under which NBT intends to obtain financing from Chinese banks including Industrial Commercial Bank of China, the Export-Import Bank of China, and China Construction Bank for €500m and from international banks for an additional €250m.
Blomfield said that the deal is complex and important. “NBT is an excellent developer and one of only a handful of sponsors that successfully can combine trusted relationships in China with international financing. Having recently joined Simmons, it is great to be a part of a firm which is so well placed to support companies such as NBT but also other clients on major projects of similar scale and size,” he said.
The firm said that it has led the market in award-winning wind-project deals. It has advised in the development of Markbygden, 650MW Swedish wind farm, which won European Wind Deal of the Year at Thomson Reuters PFI Europe Awards 2018.
Subscribe to our FREE newsletter service and we’ll keep you up-to-date with the latest breaking news, cutting edge opinion, and expert analysis affecting both your business and the industry as whole.
Please enter your email address below and click on Sign Up for daily newsletters from NZ Lawyer.
Recent articles & video
New associates bolster Tauranga firm’s family law, property offerings
Gibson Sheat absorbs Wellington firm
US courts announce closures for presidential inauguration
DLA Piper launches global social mobility and diversity initiative in New Zealand
Chen Palmer makes two key appointments
Ex-ombudsman ascends to Chen Palmer partnership
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0032.json.gz/line1826857
|
__label__wiki
| 0.898094
| 0.898094
|
Ontario surpasses grim milestone of 3,000 deaths in long-term care since pandemic began, with 34 more reported
By Zena SalemStaff Reporter
Ontario hit a grim milestone Wednesday, topping 3,000 COVID-19 deaths among residents in long-term-care homes.
In the latest report released in the morning by the province, 34 more residents have died for a total of 3,029 since the pandemic began.
Last March, Premier Doug Ford said that there would be an “iron ring of protection” around Ontario’s seniors.
But in the modelling briefing Tuesday, officials project more deaths in long-term care in the pandemic’s second wave compared to the first. There were roughly 1,850 deaths in long-term care in the pandemic’s first wave.
“There never was an iron ring . . . just deprivation of contact with essential caregivers,” University of Toronto epidemiologist Dr. David Fisman said in an email.
Almost 40 per cent of the 626 long-term-care homes in the province are in active outbreak.
Ontario’s top priority is to vaccinate all residents, staff and essential caregivers of long-term care homes and the goal for that to be done across the province is no later than Feb. 15. In four areas with the highest rates of transmission — Toronto, Peel, York and Windsor Essex — it is expected to be completed by Jan. 21.
Phase 1 of the vaccine implementation program is expected to see approximately 1.5 million people vaccinated.
Infectious disease specialist Dr. Isaac Bogoch said vaccination will be key to seeing changes in long-term care homes.
“It may be that we start to see deaths in long-term care start to decline as more and more people are vaccinated in long-term care facilities and as time goes on,” Bogoch said in an email. “Over the next couple weeks we might start to see the early benefits of this vaccine.”
Phase 2 of Ontario vaccination rollout is expected to be completed by end of July. As many as 8.5 million people are to be vaccinated, including older adults, beginning with those 80 years of age and older and decreasing in five-year increments over the course of the vaccine rollout.
“Despite the difficult times we find ourselves in, this proves that there is light at the end of the tunnel and, with that in mind, I’m asking everyone to stay strong, stay safe and follow the public health guidelines,” retired Gen. Rick Hillier, who is overseeing the Ontario vaccine rollout, said in a statement.
Meanwhile, Ontario is reporting another 2,961 of COVID-19 overall, and 74 more deaths, according to its latest report.
The seven-day average is at 3,478 cases daily, or 167 weekly per 100,000. Ontario’s seven-day average for deaths is above 50 for the first time in the pandemic’s second wave to 51.4.
There are 1,674 people currently hospitalized with COVID-19 in the province, including 385 patients in intensive care. There are 276 people on ventilators, a record high.
Ontario has administered 11,231 doses of the vaccine since its last daily update, for a total of 144,784 of 8 p.m. the previous night.
That works out to 982.7 per 100,000 people, a bit below the nationwide average of 1,022 per 100,000.
Ontario says 8,778 residents now have both their doses.
Provincial Politics
Ontario plans to vaccinate nursing-home residents, staff and essential workers by Feb. 15
STAR INTERACTIVE
Doctors point to staffing issues as second wave of COVID-19 rips through Ontario’s nursing homes
Locally, Health Minister Christine Elliott says 738 new cases are in Toronto, 536 in Peel, 245 in Windsor-Essex County, 219 in York Region and 171 in Hamilton.
Also Ontario has resumed releasing data for infections in publicly funded schools. Only schools in northern Ontario are open for in-class learning.
Seven students are infected, the same as the previous day. One new staff infection was reported, the first one of the new year.
Five schools have a reported case.
Schools in southern Ontario hot spots, such as Toronto, Peel, York, Hamilton and Windsor, won’t reopen before Feb. 10 for in-class learning.
Zena Salem is a breaking news reporter, working out of the Star’s radio room in Toronto. Reach her via email: zsalem@thestar.ca
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0032.json.gz/line1826865
|
__label__wiki
| 0.833608
| 0.833608
|
Microsoft's Nokia Bet Could Aid Best Buy Turnaround
Why Microsoft's acquisition of Nokia is good for Best Buy.
Antoine Gara
Sep 5, 2013 8:30 AM EDT
) -- Many tech enthusiasts expected
(BBY) - Get Report
to die at the hands of online competition from
(AMZN) - Get Report
and the dominance of iPhone and iPad maker
(AAPL) - Get Report
But Best Buy stands poised to see its "Renew Blue" turnaround strategy gain traction after
(MSFT) - Get Report
doubled down on its push into the smartphone market with deal to acquire
Nokia's
(NOK) - Get Report
handset business for $7.1 billion.
Best Buy is uniquely positioned to benefit from what could be a growing rivalry between Microsoft and
(GOOG) - Get Report
, as those firms seek to cut into the mobile industry profits that Apple has achieved by integrating its operating system with its mobile hardware. Google and Microsoft will now own large handset manufacturers that put them in direct running with Apple, and both companies are likely to rely on Best Buy as a crucial selling channel.
In the past year, Google and Microsoft have both opened their own stores within Best Buy stores nationally, in a move that is helping the big box electronics retailer improve its appeal to customers and its profit margins. While Best Buy's store-in-store concept with Google and Microsoft is just starting to be reflected in quarterly earnings reports, Microsoft's further commitment to hardware indicates Best Buy's strategy could take hold.
Put simply, Microsoft and Google are giving no signs of slowing their spending in the smartphone market. In the medium-term, Best Buy seems to be the biggest beneficiary.
At this time last year, Best Buy was fighting a seemingly hostile takeover bid by its founder Richard Schulze that put its credit ratings in junk bond territory. However, Microsoft's dedication to the consumer hardware and software business may change the narrative surrounding the company, heading into an all-important holiday season and hardware upgrade cycle.
The company has returned to profitability and its operations are beginning to generate cash again. The "Renew Blue" strategy under new CEO Hubert Joly and three quarters of better-than-forecast earnings that culminated in a return to profitability in the second quarter beg the question of whether the business has stabilized.
Best Buy's gross profit at domestic stores fell only 0.3% in the second quarter, even as the company implemented a price matching program with Amazon. The firm's 26.5% gross profit margin was up more than 2% from a year earlier and the margin for the first half of the year was up slightly. While some of Best Buy's margin stabilization is attributable to one-time factors such as legal settlements, the margins have been far better than many had expected.
The firm's same-store sales declines appear to be ending. During the second quarter, Best Buy saw comparable-store sales fall just 0.4%, a significant improvement from the 3% plus declines the company reported a year ago. Overall revenues at Best Buy were flat in the second quarter at $9.3 billion, driven by a 10%-plus increase in online sales.
Best Buy's stock had been a top performer among components of the
(SPX.X)
this year. Recent developments from Microsoft only increase the odds that Best Buy's turnaround strategy pans out for investors.
Prior to Microsoft's Labor Day acquisition of Nokia's handset business, the strategy seemed far more risky.
Does Best Buy Deserve Its Junk Rating?
Best Buy's New Like After Takeover Trauma
Follow @antoinegara
TechnologyReal EstateEarningsStocksRetailJim CramerE-CommerceCredit RatingsOpinionInvesting
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0032.json.gz/line1826867
|
__label__wiki
| 0.967562
| 0.967562
|
Expert analysis for a changing water industry
Thames unveils lacklustre year-end results and takes an £8.6m penalty for leakages
Thames Water’s annual report for the year to 31 March 2017 included lacklustre earnings and a missed leakage target that carried an outcome delivery incentive (ODI) penalty of £8.55 m.
The company reported operating profits down 18.5% year-on-year to £605 m on revenues that were virtually flat at £2.03 billion. Reported
profits before tax were down to £38 m from £511m in the previous year after fair value adjustments on derivatives went from a £26m gain in 2016 to a £205 m loss in the latest year. Financing costs also took their toll – up year-on-year by £113m to £456 m.
Chief executive officer of Thames, Steve Robertson, said: “Although we faced challenges during the year, the underlying performance of the business last year was sound."
He said the firm was committed to investing an "industry-leading" £20 million a week to meet its "challenging targets." He said it planned to spend more than £150 million more than its original plans between now and 2020, to replace more trunk mains, reduce leakage, improve some of its oldest sewers and upgrade its customer service IT systems.
The company exceeded by 47 Ml a day its commitment to reduce leakage to 630 Ml a day. Thames pointed out that it had outperformed its targets for the preceding 10 years.
Commenting on its issue of the maximum ODI penalty, Ofwat’s chief executive Cathryn Ross said: “Our performance commitment regime imposes significant penalties for failure to deliver the levels of performance that customers have paid for.” The regulator has opened an investigation “to consider whether enforcement action is needed over and above this automatic penalty.”
Customer and environmental groups expressed ire over the company’s shortfall. London and South East Chair for the Consumer Council for Water, Sir Tony Redmond, said: “Thames Water’s failure to meet its leakage target sends completely the wrong message to its customers at a time when households are being encouraged to use water more wisely.”
Water Policy Manager at WWF, Rose O’Neill,said: “This fine is a damning indictment of Thames Water’s failure to grasp one of the top priorities for customers and for our natural environment.”
Thames chairman Sir Peter Mason said: "Next year’s target is tighter and we are committed to a recovery plan aimed at bringing us back on track with our leakage targets by the end of the regulatory period."
© THE WATER REPORT
CONTACT trevorloveday@thewaterreport.co.uk
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0032.json.gz/line1826871
|
__label__wiki
| 0.690187
| 0.690187
|
: Religion
TagChildhoodFamilyFictionHolidaysHousingMental HealthMothersReligionTeenagers
ContributorIra GlassJhumpa LahiriMira NairGeorge RatliffDavy Rothbart
Year202020192018201720162014201320122011201020092008200720062005200420032002200119991998199719961995
Mira Nair
George Ratliff
Davy Rothbart
221: Fake I.D.
Host Ira Glass talks with Erin Einhorn, a reporter for the Philadelphia Daily News, who went to Poland to find the Catholic family that had sheltered and saved her mother from the Nazi concentration camps during World War II. She found that in Krakow where she was living, in a country where Jewish populations had been vilified and then exterminated by the Nazis, Judaism was suddenly trendy.
Act One: Pole Vault
Ira's conversation with Erin Einhorn continues. She talks about the possible reasons that, 50 years after Auschwitz, 10,000 Polish hipsters will now show up to see a Klezmer music concert.
Act Two: This Blessed House
A short story by Jhumpa Lahiri, from her book of short stories The Interpreter of Maladies. The story is read by Mira Nair, director of the movies Mississippi Masala, Monsoon Wedding, and others.
213: Devil on My Shoulder
How does the Devil work? We hear stories from five different people who say they found themselves inexplicably doing something random and bad, something which made no sense to them at all. Host Ira Glass explains why this might be, cadging a bit from C.S.
Act One: It's Fun To Make Hell On Earth
Trinity Church in Texas puts on something called Hell House every Halloween. It's like a haunted house, but each scene shows teenage church members acting out scenes of things the church considers sins.
Act Two: Sixteen Candles Can Lead To A Lot Of Fire
Faron Yoder lives in Amish country in Indiana. When he was a teenager, like every Amish sixteen-year-old, Faron was allowed to abandon the restrictions of Amish life and live as a regular American teenager.
212: The Other Man
Act One: Psychic Buddha, Qu'est-ce Que C'est
The story of what happens to an average American family, when a perfectly normal, rational and funny mom starts spending every day in the company of an ancient Buddhist monk named Aaron, who no one else can see. Davy Rothbart is one of her three sons, and also the reporter for this story.
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0032.json.gz/line1826875
|
__label__wiki
| 0.60369
| 0.60369
|
Yes, There Are Chemistry Jokes and They Are Funny
A Collection of Chemistry Jokes
I would tell you a chemistry joke, but all the good ones argon. Rosanne Olson, Getty Images
Believe it or not, chemistry is funny and chemists have a great sense of humor, and some even know how to use pick-up lines!
Are all my jokes too basic for you? Why is there no reaction?
My Chemistry teacher threw sodium chloride at me.... That's a salt!
Little Willie was a chemist. Little Willie is no more. What he thought was H2O was H.
Sulfur and oxygen were best buds. They lived far from each other, so in order for oxygen to chat with his pal, he had to use his sulfone!
Want to hear a joke about nitrogen oxide? NO.
Heisenberg and Schrodinger are driving down the road when a cop pulls them over. The cop asks Heisenberg, "Do you know how fast you were going back there?" Heisenberg replies "No, but I can tell you exactly where I was." The cop begins to be suspicious and proceeds to search the car. Upon opening the trunk he exclaims, "Hey, you have a dead cat back here," to which Schrodinger replies "Well, now I do! Thanks."
I'm running out of chemistry jokes. All the good ones argon.
Why did the chemist's pants keep falling down? He had no acetol.
9 sodium atoms walk into a bar, followed by batman.
Old chemists never die, they only fail to react as a chemist.
The guy next to me asked if I had any hypo bromide, I said NaBrO.
What did the nerd say when he failed a test? "Ytterbium."
A proton and a neutron are walking down the street. The proton says, "Wait, I dropped an electron help me look for it." The neutron says, "Are you sure?" The proton replies, "I'm positive."
Random Person: Why do you react violently when we put you in H20? Chemistry Cat: Because my race contains iron, lithium and neon = FeLiNe origins.
First man orders "I'd like H2O". The second man orders "I'd like H2O too". The second man died.
The atom asks the electron, "why are you small?" The electron replies, "because I have a low charge!"
This joke is sodium funny... I slapped my neon that one.
What do you call a tooth in a glass of water? A one molar solution!
Here is a pick-up line: You must be copper and tellurium cause you sure are CuTe!
He was a boron; he couldn't even follow the octet rule. He had a solid network but wasn't a diamond. To a chemist only six states matter.
A neutron walked into a bar and asked how much for a drink. The bartender replied, "for you, no charge."
In the world of chemicals, a constant battle rages between the chemical supervillains and the chemical super agents. The most esteemed of these is one (OO)7, international dyeing agent of mystery. On one particularly hairy mission, he finds himself pitted against the evil genius of lore, Dr. Nitrogen Monoxide, who has set a devious trap in the form of an ordinary piece of white cloth. After falling through a cleverly placed mechanosensitive membrane protein, (OO)7 is shocked to find himself soaking into a tightly bound mesh of cotton fibers. (He is, after all, a dyeing agent.) In desperation, he calls to his nemesis, "Do you expect me to talk, NO?" The villain only chuckles maniacally. "No Mr. Dye, I expect you to bond."
The noble gases walk into a bar. No one reacts.
Wanted by the Law: Schrodinger's Cat, Dead And/Or Alive
Chemistry Jokes, Puns, and Riddles
Chemistry Element Jokes and Puns
Chemistry Cat
Chemistry Jokes and Puns With Explanations
Funny Engineering Jokes
Best Chemistry Memes
GED Study Guide for Chemistry
What Is an Element in Chemistry? Definition and Examples
Chemistry Pick Up Lines to Try on Your Crush
11th Grade Chemistry Notes and Review
Mole Day Jokes and Humor
Essential Element Facts in Chemistry
Responding to a Racist Joke
What Is a Chemical Element?
General Chemistry Topics
Dipole Definition in Chemistry and Physics
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0032.json.gz/line1826877
|
__label__cc
| 0.708944
| 0.291056
|
The Trail Went Cold
A true crime podcast hosted by Robin Warder
The Trail Went Cold – Episode 132 – Adele Born Williams
July 10, 2019 October 11, 2020 Magill Foote
January 19, 1944. Chicago, Illinois. 54-year old Adele Born Williams returns to her eighth-floor suite at the Drake Hotel alongside her daughter, Patricia Goodbody. A woman dressed in black suddenly emerges from the bathroom and fires a shot into Adele’s head before fleeing the scene and Adele dies the following day. To everyone’s surprise, one police lieutenant suspects Patricia of being the killer and believes that the mysterious “woman in black” did not exist. However, other evidence seems to point to the crime being a botched robbery attempt committed by one of the hotel clerks, but in the end, no one is ever charged with the murder. In preparation for our appearance at the True Crime Podcast Festival this coming weekend, this week’s episode of “The Trail Went Cold” covers one of Chicago’s most bizarre unsolved murders.
This episode of “The Trail Went Cold” is sponsored by Native. Native makes safe, simple, effective products that people use in the bathroom everyday with trusted ingredients and trusted performance. For 20% off your first purchase, please visit nativedeodorant.com and enter the promo code “cold” during checkout.
“Chronicles of Old Chicago: Exploring the History and Lore of the Windy City” by Adam Selzer
“Mysterious Chicago: History at Its Coolest” by Adam Selzer
“The Trail Went Cold” will be appearing at True Crime Podcast Festival 2019 on July 13th at the Marriott Downtown in Chicago. Please visit their website for more details.
The Trail Went Cold will be appearing at the event, “True Crime Podcasts: Live in Toronto”, being held at the Royal Cinema in Toronto on Sunday, August 18. For more information and to purchase tickets to the event, please visit this website.
“The Trail Went Cold” is on Patreon! Visit www.patreon.com/thetrailwentcold to become a patron and gain access to our exclusive bonus content.
Click here to subscribe to the podcast on iTunes.
Click here to listen to the podcast on Stitcher.
Click here to subscribe to the podcast on Google Play Music.
Click here to subscribe to the podcast on Spotify.
The Trail Went Cold is produced and edited by Magill Foote.
All music is composed by Vince Nitro.
https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/mcdn.podbean.com/mf/web/k72ppf/TWC-Episode132-AdeleBornWilliams.mp3
CATEGORIESFull Length Episodes
The Trail Went Cold – Episode 131 – Toni Lee Sharpless
The Trail Went Cold – Episode 133 – Dick Hansen
© 2021 The Trail Went Cold. All Rights Reserved.
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0032.json.gz/line1826884
|
__label__cc
| 0.646239
| 0.353761
|
Letter to the Editor: CAREFUL WHAT YOU PRAY FOR – YOU MIGHT JUST GET IT
By admin | on September 15, 2017
Editor, Times-Advocate:
As a former Army and Air Force intel specialist and a career sales rep, I developed a healthy respect for “numbers.” Yes, numbers can lie, that is true, but they only lie in the way they get used and, at times, manipulated; numbers themselves are raw data largely. From the numbers or data points, certain assumptions arise following analysis and on those can be based the disposition and use of forces. It is part of the overall strategic planning and certainly gets down to the tactical nuances. It is way more complicated than this, but let’s keep it simple.
So, when Charles [Carr, in his Southpaw column] proclaimed that the Democratic Party would do well to invest in the recent former President as the savior of the party to bring them back from the brink, I sat up, blinking from my nap. Something just wasn’t right. So, just as the business news does at the bell, “Let’s do the numbers.”
Other modern presidents lost more governorships, Senate seats, or state legislative chambers during their tenure, but from 2009 to 2016, the recent former President lost more net House seats and more state legislative seats. That speaks to the weakness of his influence at the more local level. A red flag for the future.
Now the numbers. Since 2009, Democrats across the country have a net loss of 13 governorships, 11 Senate seats, 63 House seats, 949 seats in state legislatures, and 29 legislative chambers. I took these from a neutral source, the University of Virginia Center for Politics.
In any case, were I given this information to use to advise my commander on what and where to best deploy and in what numbers, I might not suggest what Charles is suggesting. Perhaps under that cream that allegedly rose to the top in those eight years there was a whole bunch of curdled stuff just below the surface. But then, I am not Charles’ advisor. Probably shouldn’t have said a thing.
MICHAEL BURKE, Escondido
*Note: Opinions expressed by columnists and letter writers are those of the writers and not necessarily those of the newspaper.
More From Opinion Go To The Opinion Section
Good-bye to 2020 . . . but not to the indelible memories
The difficult goodbye
Kids need to get back to school, sports, as soon as possible
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0032.json.gz/line1826885
|
__label__cc
| 0.553719
| 0.446281
|
How much does the Tooth Fairy give? See the average payout
No, every other kid does NOT get more money from the Tooth Fairy.
By Drew Weisholtz
Tough times for the Tooth Fairy?
According to a new study by Delta Dental, kids received an average of $3.70 per lost tooth last year, down 43 cents from 2017.
In 2016, the Tooth Fairy left an all-time high of $4.66 per tooth, meaning last year marked the second consecutive year the numbers have gone down, indicating the Tooth Fairy's days of philanthropy appear to have ended. Tooth fairy payouts have served as a fairly reliable economic indicator, according to Delta Dental, tracking with the Standard & Poor's 500 Index for 14 out of the past 17 years.
The average tooth fairy payout has risen to...
Feb. 28, 201701:27
Even though the she (or he) may not be spreading as much wealth these days, plenty of kids are still fattening their wallets with every gap in their smiles. In homes where the Tooth Fairy visits, 37 percent of parents admit giving their child at least $5 for a tooth. Losing a first tooth is another reason for parents to break the bank — they cough up an average of $4.96 for this milestone.
And while the Tooth Fairy may be feeling the pinch, this mythical character continues to be a way for youngsters to learn about the value of money, with 48 percent of parents saying their little ones elect to save the cash they get for their teeth.
Scaling back how much we give children for losing teeth could ultimately provide an important lesson for kids.
KLG and Hoda discuss the tooth fairy’s deep pockets
Sept. 7, 201210:01
“Leaving money for kids under the pillow is a fun time-honored tradition, but we don’t want it to turn into a slippery slope to entitlement,” Amy McCready, founder of PositiveParentingSolutions.com and author of "The 'Me, Me, Me' Epidemic," tells TODAY Parents.
“Usually, the more we give, the more kids want. Keep in mind, giving in to demands for a higher payout from the Tooth Fairy will likely lead to giving in to demands on all sorts of issues down the road — from the hottest new toy, to name-brand clothes, to the latest tech gear,” McCready added.
She also said it’s good to have a strategy when it comes to paying out for a tooth.
KLG, Hoda sound off on spoiled kids
June 7, 201208:42
“Decide how much your kids get for a lost tooth — and be consistent with that amount through the years. If kids complain that your Tooth Fairy doesn’t leave as much as the neighbor’s Tooth Fairy — smile and ask if they plan to save or spend their Tooth Fairy money — don’t get into the trap of keeping up with the Jones’ tooth fairy.
"And remember, it’s OK (and even good) for kids to be disappointed from time to time.”
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0032.json.gz/line1826887
|
__label__wiki
| 0.681216
| 0.681216
|
Sandoz Site Directory
Quality Generics
Where We Do Business
For Novartis Investors
Doing Business Responsibly
Patients & Customers
Report Side Effects
US Press Releases & News
Working at Sandoz US
Sandoz is a global leader in generic pharmaceuticals and biosimilars and a division of the Novartis Group. Our purpose is to discover new ways to improve and extend people’s lives. We contribute to society’s ability to support growing healthcare needs by pioneering novel approaches to help people around the world access high-quality medicine. Our global portfolio comprises approximately 1 000 molecules, covering all major therapeutic areas, which accounted for 2015 sales of USD 10.1 billion. Our broad offering translates into substantial and ongoing savings for patients and payors, which help to ensure the sustainability of healthcare systems in the face of significant budgetary pressures, while also freeing up funding for innovative medicines. Our products reach more than 500 million patients and our aspiration is to reach one billion. Our broad portfolio is spearheaded by our global leadership position in both biosimilars, the “cutting edge” of innovative off-patent medicines, and generic antibiotics, the foundation of global healthcare systems. We also run a broad range of targeted corporate responsibility programs to increase access to medicine, medical information and appropriate medical training for healthcare professionals. Sandoz is headquartered in Holzkirchen, in Germany’s Greater Munich area.
For more information about Sandoz, please review our web pages. All additional investor information can be found on Novartis’ Investor pages:
Novartis Investors Information
Our Mission and Purpose
The Sandoz Brand
Sandoz United States
Subscribe to Sandoz
© 2021 Sandoz AG
This site is intended for a US audience
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0032.json.gz/line1826891
|
__label__wiki
| 0.584082
| 0.584082
|
UNICEF Logo Syrian Arab Republic
Children in Syria
UNICEF-supported volunteers protect children in remote villages from explosive hazards
“Most children work after school to support their families, which puts them at a huge risk of being killed or maimed,”
UNICEF/Syria2019/Khudr Al-Issa
Driving through wide stretches of land, a red bus decorated with colorful balloons and posters with life-saving information made its way to Hober village in southern rural Aleppo, carrying eleven young volunteers.
As violence subsided, families started returning to the war-ravaged village despite a severe lack of services and the risks of explosive hazards. Earlier this year, a child lost his leg when he stepped on a landmine while tending cattle - one of the main sources of income for families in the area, along with agriculture.
Mona, the principal of the village school
To ensure the safety of children and their families, the UNICEF-supported volunteers went door-to-door to raise families’ awareness and hold recreational activities for children in schools on how to identify and protect themselves against explosive hazards.
UNICEF-supported volunteers engage children in recreational activities to teach them about the risk of explosive hazards and how to protect themselves, in Hober village, southern rural Aleppo.
Thanks to generous contributions from the Office of U.S Foreign Disaster Assistance (OFDA), the European Civil Protection and Humanitarian Aid Operations (ECHO), the Syrian Humanitarian Fund (SHF) and Luxembourg, UNICEF has reached around 50,000 people since the beginning of the year in Aleppo governorate with lifesaving information on the diverse types of explosive hazards, warning signs, dangerous areas, safe behaviors and reporting lines. UNICEF also coordinates with relevant departments on the locations of identified explosive hazard to ensure their removal.
A UNICEF-supported volunteer talks to children about the risk of explosive hazards and how to protect themselves, in Hober village, southern rural Aleppo.
“I’m happy with the work we’re doing, knowing that our messages will help save lives. I see the impact of our work when children walk up to me and tell me of instances when they avoided strange objects thanks to the sessions,”
Abdullah, 24, one of the volunteers.
Children of Syria
Adolescent and youth participation
UNICEF urgently requires US$ 22.44 million.
Without immediate support, thousands of children will be at risk as the cold winter weather begins to set in.
As temperatures drop, the children of Syria need your suppor
The European Union contributes €7.5 million towards UNICEF programmes supporting the most vulnerable children and families in Syria
UNICEF and partners wrapped up an immunization campaign.
Reaching over 120,000 children. Thanks to contributions from (GAVI), (FCDO) and (OFDA).
UNICEF Syria home
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0032.json.gz/line1826897
|
__label__wiki
| 0.701363
| 0.701363
|
About Unilever
Purpose, values & principles
An exciting new normal for flexible working
Previous - Sharing our Pride
Next - How our cleaning brands are helping people cope with Covid-19
AI platform matches employees with projects to flex their skill sets
Here’s a welcome addition to the ‘new normal’ – Unilever’s flexible working programme has gained some extra flex. Beyond where you work and how you work, colleagues can now use, test or grow their skill sets, assisting on new projects around the business.
There’s no time wasted looking for placements suit to their CVs, either. Instead, the Flex Experiences platform uses AI to match the right people with the right project opportunities, fast.
HR Business Partner Yanpi Oliveros-Pascual has worked with Flex’s roll-out across 100+ countries to 60,000+ employees. “Unilever encourages all employees to create capability through lifelong learning. Flex allows our employees to work on projects for a small or large proportion of time, increase the depth of their current skills or build new skills and experiences in a flexible way. We believe that our people are much more than their job title. If our people thrive, we thrive as a business,” she says.
Flex has come into its own in the past three months when business agility became critical for business continuity. Covid-19 saw the world lock down. Unilever’s marketing plans, supply chain, logistics and product manufacture all needed to work at speed to respond to evolving consumer needs and expectations.
For Data Science Director Giles Pavey, that meant getting information and analytics (I&A) out to the front line to help teams respond to changes as the virus spread. “We wanted to look at internal data on sales, cash and supply chain and compare them to the external factors such as infection rate and changing consumer behaviour,” he says.
He turned to Flex to help him supercharge his team of data and analytic experts – building a Covid-19 I&A Squad. The start date was ASAP. “We were looking for people from a diverse set of backgrounds, experts from a variety of markets and with a variety of functional expertise,” he says. “We asked for data scientists, business analysts, project managers, Agile experts and user-experience designers.”
CVs came in quickly. “We know that Unilever has talent, but we were pleasantly surprised by the energy people displayed,” he says.
Putting existing skills to use, testing new ones
Port Sunlight-based David Southgate was one of the first to apply. “I’d seen many examples of people stepping up inside and outside work to tackle the pandemic. I wanted to do something to help. Putting my CV forward felt like the perfect opportunity. I could help the business by using skills I already had. I talked to my line manager and committed to giving the project two days a week alongside my day job.”
The project was set up across 12 workstreams with five priority pillars: demand, supply, cash flow, people and community. “I led the UK market insights workstream,” says David, “to provide answers and analytics to business questions on market performance.”
Being part of the Covid-19 I&A squad offered him more than an opportunity to help Unilever manage its response to the pandemic. “I’m currently undertaking a data fellowship programme to become a data scientist, and this project allowed me to get my hands dirty on new datasets and put my new skills to the test,” he says.
“More importantly,” he adds, “to really understand the data and the patterns, I have had to reach out to a number of colleagues in finance, supply chain and CMI and this has helped me gain a better understanding of the business outside my normal role, especially in the UKI market.”
A chance to employ fresh thinking
Ana Huerzeler, Category Food Manager at Unilever Food Solutions (UFS), put her name forward for a Flex opportunity to help develop a global marketing and PR plan for our newly acquired brand, The Vegetarian Butcher.
“I’ve been part of the Vegetarian Butcher global team at UFS since last October, working on general brand development, roll-out to different countries and innovations,” she explains. “I was really interested in finding out about the communications side and my category director, Frank Galestien, was really supportive in giving me time to work on this for a few months.”
For Ana, knowledge of both the consumer-facing and business-to-business sides of Unilever Foods & Refreshment allowed her to bring an understanding of the differences and similarities between the channels and markets to the project. “I’m enjoying the process of learning something new while building on the foundation of past experiences,” she says.
What began as a Flex assignment has moved forward, too. “In scoping out the project we started to understand that we needed more in-depth resource in branding and category,” says Frank. “It needed more time than the few months that we had had for the Flex project. We needed to onboard someone, and that someone was Ana.”
Both Ana and David are clear that their positive Flex experiences start with supportive line managers. “Frank understood how this opportunity could help use my skills, help me develop new ones and meet my own growth ambitions. It has been the perfect learning opportunity for me,” Ana says.
“Managing two roles can be challenging,” adds David, “so it’s important to come to an arrangement with your line manager to manage your time before applying.”
But both sides of the Flex equation – project leaders as well as the candidates – see the value Flex offers on a business and personal level. “We would not have been able to respond as fully without it,” says Giles. “It’s a great way of lining up I&A’s demand for quality resource and fulfilling candidates’ demand for new experiences in and exciting skill area, which I&A can supply.”
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0032.json.gz/line1826898
|
__label__cc
| 0.712064
| 0.287936
|
Diversity, Equity, & Inclusion Specialist
Vancouver, CA
Function: HR
Website: bench.co
Company Address: 545 Robson St, Vancouver, BC, V6B 1A6, CA
About Bench
Bench solves bookkeeping for entrepreneurs. But our larger purpose expands beyond that. We’re here to help entrepreneurs understand what they want to do and where they want to go.
What’s Bench? Check us out in Fintech Impact, Perkins + Will, Daily Hive, BC Business, our Instagram, and our Blog.
We acknowledge that Bench headquarters is located on the traditional, ancestral, and unceded territory of the Coast Salish Peoples, including the territories of the xʷməθkwəy̓əm (Musqueam), Skwxwú7mesh (Squamish), and Səl̓ílwətaʔ/Selilwitulh (Tsleil-Waututh) Nations.
We’re a committed and talented group of diverse people working hard to solve a real, universal problem for millions of entrepreneurs: businesses need to understand their financial performance, but for many smaller ones, this means a trade-off between doing their books and running their businesses. Bench solves this dilemma by taking bookkeeping off of their hands. We’ve paired smart humans with incredibly powerful software to develop the fastest, most efficient bookkeeping service in history. This lets us provide monthly and yearly financials at an incredibly accessible price, giving business owners the time, confidence, and knowledge they need to be successful.
Bench is growing fast. Recently, we’ve onboarded our 10,000th client and our 500th employee. We have a clear, funded path to profitability, and a roadmap that we believe will rapidly accelerate the trajectory of our business. We’re looking for the brightest minds who love solving tough problems to join us on this incredible journey, in pursuit of bringing financial mastery to our clients.
What does the DEI team look like?
“Systems of racism and discrimination exist. Bench has been complicit in these systems, and we need to actively work against them. At Bench, we’re engaged in the ongoing work of identifying and dismantling systems of racism and discrimination throughout our workplace, and building more inclusive ones. This work won’t be perfect—we are going to make mistakes. But action is non-negotiable. We are committed to investing in change, learning and unlearning, apologizing when we fail, and trying again.”
- Bench Leadership
These are commitments to anti-racism and anti-discrimination that we share across our organization—in every team and at every level of leadership. In order to support our leaders and Benchmates in this all-encompassing work, we need passionate, thoughtful, committed, and powerful people on our Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion Team. This team does not function in isolation. We are not about programmatic or superficial change. Rather, we are committed to ensuring every aspect of how we do things at Bench is aligned with our stance on anti-racism and anti-discrimination.
What you’ll be getting up to:
Projects & Initiatives: Drive and execute small DEI projects and quick wins, and support in planning and executing large DEI initiatives
Training & Education: Support in curriculum development and delivery of baseline DEI training and education modules
Research: Build and maintain a database of DEI content, resources and tools, salient current events, and developments in best practices
Benchmate connection: Act as a point of contact for affinity groups, Benchmates with DEI-related concerns, and other social or environmental initiatives that cultivate belonging for underrepresented Benchmates
To be successful in this role, you’ll need to have:
A strong understanding of the bigger picture: You know where systemic oppression comes from, how it operates, and therefore how it affects folks with racialized and marginalized identities
Thick skin, soft heart: You have the capacity to navigate difficult, high-tension conversations with profound empathy but without backing down. You know who to make space and advocate for, and when to challenge and educate.
A track record of change-making: You have explicit experiences of purposeful and proactive engagement with inequities in your community or workplace, whether in a formal or informal capacity.
Humble and coachable: You have an activated sense of humility and an indefinite growth mindset
High initiative, endless drive: You don’t wait for people to tell you something needs to change. You see the opportunity and make it happen.
Advocacy: You are unequivocally oriented toward allyship and advocacy for folks with racialized and marginalized identities
Integrity: You have a healthy impatience with superficial change or performative allyship. You’re not focused on the diversity jargon around “more innovation”, “higher productivity”, and “greater profit”. You’re about doing the right thing.
It could be an even better fit if you have:
Strong writing and verbal communication: You’re comfortable communicating complex ideas to a lot of different types of folks.
Extra bonus points if you have:
Strong analytical skills: You have an analytical mind and are capable of breaking down large problems into smaller ones. You consistently demonstrate a clear, logical, and structured approach to problem solving.
Strong project management skills: You’re comfortable working with others to create challenging, achievable, and sustainable goals and being an accountability structure to support the goals being achieved.
The extra details:
This is a full-time permanent position because we want to spend lots of time with your wonderful self!
This position offers an annual salary, stock options, and an extended benefits package that includes health, dental, and vision.
Our office has gone fully remote! We’ll set you up with everything you need to work from home, from day one.
We believe that unchecked biases disproportionately impact the most marginalized people in society—including but not limited to BIPOC, LGBTQ2S+ people, immigrants, and people with disabilities. We strongly encourage applications from people with these identities or other marginalized communities because we believe that without you, we are all less. At Bench, we don’t stand for tokenism. We stand for representation.
Operations Strategy Analyst
Bench - Vancouver, CA
Bench - Vancouver City, British Columbia, CA
Tax Advisor - Michigan
Bench - Michigan, US
Tax Advisor - Washington
Bench - Washington, DC, US
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0032.json.gz/line1826905
|
__label__cc
| 0.545222
| 0.454778
|
Luigi's Mansion: Dark Moon
Animal Crossing: New Leaf tops 6 million copies sold
Nintendo has followed up their financial results briefing from earlier in the week with some “supplementary information,” and among it all is lifetime sales numbers for some first-party 3DS games that have been killin’ it. Animal Crossing: New Leaf leads the pack with 6.35 million sold.
Luigi's Mansion: Dark Moon headlines
Luigi's Mansion: Dark Moon listed for the Wii U on Newegg
Newegg has listed the 3DS exclusive Luigi’s Mansion: Dark Moon for the Wii U, for an apparent release at the end of the month. Of course, retailer errors are pretty common, what with Amazon France having advertised an as of yet non-existant Wii U port of Kid Icarus Uprising since February. Additionally, Newegg’s supposed box […]
Luigi's Mansion: Dark Moon's original boss designs rejected by Miyamoto
Shigeru Miyamoto performed one of his famous “tea table flips” on Luigi’s Mansion: Dark Moon developer Next Level Games. Speaking with IGN, director Bryce Holliday said Miyamoto “threw out all the bosses of the game” and made the team start over. “He often challenged us to not go with our first idea, or to experiment […]
Nintendo Downloads Europe: Luigi's Mansion 2 leads the week
Nintendo has posted its weekly European eShop update, bringing a full downloads of Luigi’s Mansion 2 and the incredible Rhythm Hunter: HarmoKnight to the region.
Luigi's Mansion: Dark Moon reviews are go, all the scores here
Luigi’s Mansion: Dark Moon reviews have begun. The 3DS romp hits North America on March 24 and in Europe on March 28, but we’ve got all the scores here for you now.
Luigi's Mansion: Dark Moon, Pokémon Mystery Dungeon head up NA Nintendo Downloads
This week marks the release of Luigi’s Mansion: Dark Moon, Pokémon Mystery Dungeon: Gates to Infinity on the North American eShop. Well, technically the titles aren’t out until Sunday, March 24, but Nintendo has its own, special calendar, and has for years. While you will have to wait another couple days to get your hands […]
Luigi's Mansion: Dark Moon ScareScraper mode exposed
Here’s a new video showing off Luigi’s Mansion: Dark Moon, specifically the ScareScraper multiplayer mode, with three co-op and one online player participating in a hard difficulty mission.
Luigi's Mansion: Dark Moon trailer shows four-player in action
Luigi’s Mansion: Dark Moon hits the UK on March 28th, an Nintendo has release another trailer showing the green ‘tache in action, along with three of his buddies in co-op.
Luigi's Mansion: Dark Moon gets a silly amount of new screens
Luigi’s Mansion: Dark Moon has received a big ‘ol batch of 3DS screens from Nintendo. They show off plenty of ghost types, several new rooms and images of both screens working in tandem. Poor Luigi still looks terrified mind you.
Luigi's Mansion: Dark Moon screens show Hunter Mode
Luigi’s Mansion: Dark Moon will feature four-player online play via Hunter Mode, a new addition to the game that we covered in some detail here. Now, some screens have surfaced courtesy of Nintendo.
Luigi's Mansion: Dark Moon has local multiplayer
Luigi’s Mansion: Dark Moon has something its precursor didn’t. According to the 3DS title’s website, the sequel boasts “a brand new local multiplayer mode”. Nobody’s talking about what that means yet, but IGN has teased a reveal within the next few days. Luigi’s Mansion: Dark Moon was recently dated for March 24 in the US.Thanks, […]
Monster Hunter 3 Ultimate, more dated by Nintendo
Monster Hunter 3 Ultimate has been given a release date, and a demo is coming soon. Lego City Undercover, Luigi’s Mansion: Dark Moon, and Need for Speed: Most Wanted have also been given a solid date, along with many more titles on Nintendo systems. The massive release list is below the break, along with a […]
Luigi's Mansion: Dark Moon box and artwork revealed, coming March 2013
Luigi’s Mansion: Dark Moon is dropping this March across Europe and the US, and Nintendo has posted the game’s official pack-shot and new art below.
Nintendo Direct Europe narrows release of key 2013 titles
Nintendo Direct Europe is playing now and it’s going so fast my fingers are nearly worn down to bloody stumps. But there’s good news too, as Nintendo has narrowed release windows and issued dates for a selection of its Wii U launch window titles, and 3DS launches – including Luigi’s Mansion: Dark Moon, Castlevania: Mirror […]
Nintendo Direct NA - Pikmin 3, Luigi's Mansion, Fire Emblem dates confirmed
The North American Nintendo Direct presentation discussed Nintendo the firm’s 2013′s Wii U and 3DS release slate. Get the details below.
Luigi's Mansion: Dark Moon out this holiday season on 3DS
Luigi’s Mansion 2 was given a release date and a new name during Nintendo’s E3 press conference. The game will be at retailers this holiday season and furthermore be known as Luigi’s Mansion: Dark Moon. Watch the E3 presentation below courtesy of CommunityGame. Screens are below as well.
Luigi's Mansion: Dark Moon latest
Luigi’s Mansion: Dark Moon listed for the Wii U on Newegg
Luigi’s Mansion: Dark Moon’s original boss designs rejected by Miyamoto
Nintendo Downloads Europe: Luigi’s Mansion 2 leads the week
Luigi’s Mansion: Dark Moon reviews are go, all the scores here
Luigi’s Mansion: Dark Moon, Pokémon Mystery Dungeon head up NA Nintendo Downloads
Luigi’s Mansion: Dark Moon ScareScraper mode exposed
Luigi’s Mansion: Dark Moon trailer shows four-player in action
Luigi’s Mansion: Dark Moon gets a silly amount of new screens
Luigi’s Mansion: Dark Moon screens show Hunter Mode
Luigi’s Mansion: Dark Moon has local multiplayer
Luigi’s Mansion: Dark Moon box and artwork revealed, coming March 2013
Nintendo Direct NA – Pikmin 3, Luigi’s Mansion, Fire Emblem dates confirmed
Luigi’s Mansion: Dark Moon out this holiday season on 3DS
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0032.json.gz/line1826906
|
__label__cc
| 0.604715
| 0.395285
|
Trelleborg Launches the Next-Generation PS1000 tire for Material Handling Applications
Trailer, Spreader, Grain Cart & Tires for Farm Implements Tires
Port Equipment Tires & Wheels
Africa and middleeast
Trelleborg Wheel Systems launches the PS1000, its leading-edge tire solution for material handling applications. More than just a tire: it is a next-generation, superior-quality, press-on solid forklift tire incorporating the Pit Stop Line innovation, specialized compounds and a new design to guarantee uptime, efficiency and safety for operators, while reducing total cost of ownership and environmental impact.
Lorenzo Ciferri, VP of Marketing and Communications at Trelleborg Wheel Systems says: “The PS1000 is an exciting first for Trelleborg and the tire industry. We have integrated our Pit Stop Line innovation into a press-on solid tire for maximum performance, comfort, and service life. Our studies show that the PS1000 lasts up to 30% more than other tires on the market, which results in a very low cost of ownership per hour.”
The PS1000 boasts two layers of compounds in its internal construction. One compound enhances comfort, guarantees low rolling resistance, and reduces heat build-up for maximum uptime, while the other ensures long tire life. With the addition of the Pit Stop Line innovation, customers can save time and money by avoiding early tire replacement and unnecessary downtime. When the Pit Stop Line’s highly visible orange band appears on the tire, this indicates that the tire has approximately 100 hours of life remaining, so operators and fleet managers know with 100% accuracy when their tires need replacing.
Featuring a two-tread pattern, the PS1000 comes in both smooth and traction versions. The smooth version offers excellent stability and comfort, as well as maximum service life thanks to its extra-deep tread and innovative cushion compound, along with its unique concave sidewall shape. The traction version offers the same features, but with higher traction to optimize performance in wet conditions.
Both the smooth and traction versions can be produced in different compounds – multipurpose, non-marking, electrically conductive, ProHD or Protex – making the tires suitable for numerous applications. They will be available on the global market in the coming months, starting with the smooth version in September 2020, followed by the traction version in the first quarter of 2021.
Lorenzo Ciferri adds: “Material handling tires are the wheels that keep today’s fast-paced supply chains moving for growing, global industries. The key features of the PS1000 translate into superior performance for material handling professional users, ensuring safety, stability and productivity in various applications.”
Discover more about the PS1000 from Trelleborg Wheel Systems.
Download the Press Kit
Trelleborg Wheels Systems
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0032.json.gz/line1826911
|
__label__cc
| 0.610961
| 0.389039
|
Truth xChange
All Posts By Tag
New York's Socialist Chickens Coming Home to Roost
There is No Evidence for Evolution
Mark Galli's Trump Editorial in Christianity Today is Phony Clickbait
Pseudoscience: The word doesn't mean what you think it means
Atheists and Science
Responding to Supposed Errors and Contradictions in the Bible
Random Witness: Honest Evolutionists Don't Use Cryptography
The Probability of Evolution: The Real Argument
How to Argue (with and Witness to Various Heathens and Unbelievers)
Mark Galli’s now infamous Christianity Today editorial about Donald Trump smacks of clickbait trying to capitalize on the negative opinions many have of Trump. Only instead of calling out Trump for the immorality he really is guilty of, Galli chooses the popular talking point of the day, not because it’s true (it isn’t), but because that’s what will get the most hits. He makes no mention of Trump’s support for abortion, the homosexual agenda, or socialist programs. Nope. He just picks up and runs with the lamest, dumbest, and most thoroughly debunked lie because it sells. The Ukranian phone call is one of the hottest news stories of the year, and it’s based on a collection of lies. Galli could have chosen a thousand true complaints against Trump, and his editorial would have been gold. Instead he chose to perpetuate a lie because it gets clicks. He’s using CT’s reputation with evangelicals to prod Trump for a response, and it worked. Trump responded, as did his sycophants, and Galli gained the world by selling his soul. Galli has more common with Trump than he probably cares to admit.
Putting it in Context
As Christians, we should be firstly interested in the truth. Viewing every CT essay or editorial through the lenses of cynicism might keep us from falling into error, but it also may keep us from finding the hidden gem of wisdom buried in the dungheap. Thus we need to separate the reality of CT’s business from the content of what we read, while not forgetting that they’re related. The need for profit will color the content, and we can’t discount that reality. I’m going to tease apart Mark Galli’s editorial considering, first and foremost, the context of what he wrote, and secondly and of no less importance, the content.
Let’s begin with a pertinent question on context: Where was Christianity Today in 2015 when Trump started his campaign? At the time, I clearly remember there were choruses of Christians warning that Trump was not a Christian, not a conservative; That he was a wolf in sheepskin, and that his immoral lifestyle and frank unrepentance were a dealbreaker. (Bob Enyart, Steve Deace, and Bob Vander Plaats are just three names that immediately come to mind.) But Christianity Today just published a few measly editorials–I could count them on one hand–politely suggesting that Trump might not be the right choice. Even Galli’s editorials were carefully worded not to step on the toes of subscr- I mean evangelicals who liked what Trump was saying. CT knew at the time, as did everyone else, that going against Trump meant losing subscribers. So they shut up, and let him win. CT’s self-aggrandizing little editorial is too little, too late. But even worse, it’s hypocritical and hollow. There’s your context.
A Symptom of Liberal Theology
Let’s pull up a little more to get a wider view of CT. I pegged Christianity Today as having lost in way back in 2011 when they said that the Genesis account of Adam and Eve isn’t literal and that it doesn’t “fit the evidence” of modern genetic science (even though it actually does). As all for-profit publications, CT lives or dies based on the number of eyeballs it can draw. If pushing theistic evolution is popular, they’ll do that. If bashing Trump is all the rage, they’ll be happy to oblige. We have no reason to be surprised at the double-mindedness of CT. As all once-Christian institutions do, Christianity Today has turned into a liberal theology rag. Trump had it right when he said they were a far-left publication. The ignorant laughed at and mocked this statement. Well, the joke’s on them.
The Content, and it ain’t much
Galli’s arguments for removal surprisingly weak given the fanfare that accompanied the editorial. But what’s even weirder is that Galli doesn’t actually call for removal in the text of the article (as he does in the clickbait headline).
False Premise 1: Bribery or something
The thrust of the indictment against Trump is quite ambiguous and, well, not even real:
[T]he facts in this instance are unambiguous: The president of the United States attempted to use his political power to coerce a foreign leader to harass and discredit one of the president’s political opponents.
This sounds at the very least distateful, except for one thing: it didn’t happen. Trump’s accusations against Biden are true, as Biden has himself admitted to bribery in order to get a Ukranian prosecutor fired. Trump simply asked Ukraine to look into the matter. Galli, playing loose with the facts, is off to a bad start. Bearing false witness isn’t exactly what the editor of Christianity Today should be doing, no? I have to wonder if this an intentional ploy to get people to keep reading. Maybe. I’ll reserve judgment on that, but it’s worth considering as a possibility. If bearing false witness isn’t too low for CT, then neither is being clickbait.
False Premise 2: Discrediting your political opponent is immoral
Tacking onto the first false claim, Galli ramps it up:
That is not only a violation of the Constitution; more importantly, it is profoundly immoral.
It’s not immoral to ask a foreign leader to investigate a known fact. But it is immoral to raise one’s own personal tastes and preferences to the level of moral law, as Galli does here. Incidentally, the overly dramatic “violation of the Constitution” line sounds eerily reminiscent of the Pharisees condemning Jesus for violating their manmade law.
The False Conclusion
Galli’s conclusion addresses the Christian church’s relationship with Trump, but sadly fails to address the church’s relationship with the Republican party and politics in general.
Consider what an unbelieving world will say if you continue to brush off Mr. Trump’s immoral words and behavior in the cause of political expediency. If we don’t reverse course now, will anyone take anything we say about justice and righteousness with any seriousness for decades to come? Can we say with a straight face that abortion is a great evil that cannot be tolerated and, with the same straight face, say that the bent and broken character of our nation’s leader doesn’t really matter in the end?
Well, well, well. Where was this concern about our witness and abortion when George W. Bush and his pro-abortion wife inhabited the White House for 8 years? Bush appointed pro-abortion and pro-homosexual judges, and many Christians celebrated the appointments of these “strict constructionist” judges. Funny that CT didn’t have a scathing editorial calling for Bush’s impeachment and removal. And has he heard of some guy named Obama? This concern for our witness comes across as feigned and flat. If it’s not, Galli at least owes us an explanation of why CT waited 15 years to take this moral high-road.
Make no mistake, Trump isn’t any worse or better than Bush. He’s just not sugarcoated and prim and proper. But he’s the same empty suit, pushing the same pro-abortion, pro-sodomite agenda that Bush and Clinton did. And that’s the bitter pill neither the anti-Trumpians nor the pro-Trumpians want to swallow. Trump is just as much the shady, phony politician as Obama, Clinton, and the Bushes.
Blind guides, who strain out a gnat and swallow a camel! --Matthew 23:24
The Clickbait Admission
Galli at the end of the article shows his hand, letting you know you’ve been clickbaited. He really isn’t calling for removal from office. He just needs to justify the article so he doesn’t look so opportunistic.
We have reserved judgment on Mr. Trump for years now… To use an old cliché, it’s time to call a spade a spade, to say that no matter how many hands we win in this political poker game, we are playing with a stacked deck of gross immorality and ethical incompetence.
It would be more accurate to say he’s reserved judgment on the Republican party for decades–and still is. Trump is just the convenient fall guy because he’s distateful. But he’s no less immoral than Romney, McCain, or the Bushes. Something tells me we won’t be seeing any articles condemning other Republicans. After all, that’s all in the past, and why would Christianity Today concern itself with past events?
Galli ends with some dramatic flair, the cherry on top if you will, trying to stir us up to, well, like/share/subscribe I suppose.
And just when we think it’s time to push all our chips to the center of the table, that’s when the whole game will come crashing down. It will crash down on the reputation of evangelical religion and on the world’s understanding of the gospel. And it will come crashing down on a nation of men and women whose welfare is also our concern.
Yes, that just happened. The hypocrisy of evanglicals supporting the wicked because they bear the magic “R” isn’t new. And I can’t believe that Galli is unaware that the evangelical reputation is already soiled with the dung of the Republican pary and has been for quite some time. No, Galli knows better. This isn’t a case of, “enough is enough.” This article was a B12 shot for CT, a “let’s try this” experiment to boost circulation. But that’s no excuse. Bearing false witness, pushing liberal theology and other godless ideas, and straining a gnat whilst swallowing a camel will do more to give occassion to the enemies of the Lord to blaspheme.
Updated on 27 Dec 2019
There is No Evidence for Evolution Pseudoscience: The word doesn't mean what you think it means
Copyright © 2020 a Hugo theme by Gethugothemes
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0032.json.gz/line1826918
|
__label__cc
| 0.711106
| 0.288894
|
_TS Jobs
_Recruitment
_Results
_Hall Tickets
_Counselling
_Time Table
_Rank Card
TS Temples
_Bhadrachalam
_Kondagattu
_Yadagirigutta
TS AP CETs
_TS Cet's
__TSEAMCET
__TSECET
__TS-Deecet
__TS-DSC
__TS-Lawcet
__TSPOLYCET
__TS-SET
__TSPGECET
__TS-ICET
__TS-SBTET
__TSPSC
__TSWREIS
__TSRJC
_AP CETs
__AP-ICET
__AP-Lawcet
__AP-EDCET
__APECET
__APEAMCET
__AP-PGECET
__AP-Polycet
__AP-SBTET
__APSET
__APPSC
__APOSS
__APJOBS
__APLAND
_Aadhar-Card
_Ration-Card
_Pancard
_Passport
_Voter-Id
Mobile No's
_Top Colleges India
__Top Colleges
__BCA-Colleges
__AP-Colleges
__BBA-Colleges
__B-Arch-Colleges
__Fashion-Colleges
__Engineering-Colleges
__Medical-Colleges
__Hotel-Management
__MCA-Colleges
__MBA-Colleges
_TS-ZPTC
_TS-MPTC
_TS-Ministers
_TS-MP-MLA
_TS Sarpanch
_TS-MPP
_TS-Govt-Officers
_TS-Police
_Diagnostic-Centers
_Hospitals
Homehealth-tips
Ragi Benefits and Side effects
bypln - October 12, 2020 0
Ragi, also known as finger millets, is a type of cereal obtained from the ragi plant Eleusine coracana. It is one of the most common and oldest variety of millet that is consumed in India and in Africa. Ragi flour is an important component of the whole grain diet that has gained much hype amongst the diet conscious generation of this day. It has been used for preparing porridge, bread and other baked goods. It can also be added into milkshakes and ice creams to make them more nutritious and healthy. In fact, it is a staple in some parts of India.
The credit for the health benefits derived from ragi is generally given to the contents present in it i.e.dietary fibre and polyphenol. But it has numerous other components that aid in maintaining good health. Ragi has a higher mineral content as compared to other millets or cereals. It is a perfect source of essential protein for vegetarians. Ragi contains the highest proportion of potassium and calcium; it is also a great source of iron which makes it significant for individuals who have low levels of haemoglobin. Additionally, ragi is gluten-free and has a low-fat content. So, it gets digested easily and is safe for gluten intolerant people. Ragi porridge is given to babies as their first food due to the qualities it possesses.
It is best to sort and wash ragi before use. Ragi is generally left to dry under the sunlight for approximately 5 to 8 hours before powdering it.
Basic Facts about Finger Millets/ragi:
Botanical name: Eleusine coracana
Family: Grass family
Common Name: Ragi, Mandua in Hindi
Sanskrit name: Nandimukhi, Madhuli
Native Region: In India, Ragi is grown in various states like Andhra Pradesh, Bihar, and Uttar Pradesh. Karnataka and Tamilnadu are the primary Ragi growing states. Apart from India, Ragi is widely cultivated in the subtropical and tropical regions including Africa, Sri Lanka, China, Madagascar, Malaysia, and Japan.
Interesting facts about Ragi:
Ragi is a significant millet grown in some parts of Northern India and in the dry parts of South India.
Ragi can be grown opposing low rainfall and severe drought.
Drained alluvial, black or red; Ragi can grow in any of these soils.
50 to 100 cm is the average rainfall required by Ragi to grow. The temperature that Ragi requires to grow is about 20 degree-Celsius to 30 degree-Celsius.
Ragi nutrition facts
Health benefits of Ragi
Ragi side effects
Ragi is a gluten-free food item which is high in minerals like calcium and potassium. It is also rich in dietary fibres along with various antioxidants and amino acids. Finger millets contain significant amino acids like leucine, phenylalanine, isoleucine, and methionine which are generally absent in many starchy meals. A major portion of ragi consists of carbohydrates and it contains fats in the least amount. As a grain, ragi is cholesterol free.
As per the USDA Nutrient Database, 100g of ragi contains the following values:
Nutrients Value per 100g
Water 8.67 g
Energy 378 kcal
Fats 1.3 g
Carbohydrate 72.6 g
Fibre 19.1 g
Minerals Value per 100 g
Calcium 344 mg
Iron 3.9 mg
Magnesium 137 mg
Phosphorus 283 mg
Zinc 2.3 mg
Vitamins Value per 100 g
Vitamin B1 0.421 mg
Vitamin B3 1.1 mg
Ragi for bones
Ragi for weight loss
Ragi for cholesterol
Ragi for diabetes
Ragi as an antimicrobial
Ragi for healing wounds
Ragi for anti ageing
Ragi for cancer
Ragi for anemia
Other benefits of Ragi
Healthy bones are a necessity not only in growing children but also in adults. Among the plant foods, finger millet is the richest source of calcium-containing approximately 300-350 mg per 100 g of grain. Additionally, ragi is also a natural source of vitamin D which is very important for maintaining bone health. A single case study in Indian villages suggests that regular consumption of ragi fulfills the daily recommended intake of calcium irrespective of the factors like gender and age. It was further suggested that finger millet consumption can be very useful in combating osteoporosis.
All cereals are a rich source of dietary carbohydrates, but finger millet has a relatively higher proportion of dietary fibre as compared to other cereals. Fiber rich foods improve digestion and provide bulk to the food, making you feel full for a longer period of time. Ragi can thus be highly beneficial if one is looking to shed a few extra kilos. Observational studies show that with increased intake of calcium, there is more chance of weight loss and overcoming obesity. According to this study, high calcium intake can help lose weight by reducing the number of fat cells in the body.
Also, ragi contains an amino acid called Tryptophan (191 mg/g of protein - as per the Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO) .1970a). This compound reduces appetite and helps to control diet.
Numerous studies suggest that finger millets can help in reducing the cholesterol levels in the body. Finger millets reduce the concentration of serum triglycerides bad cholesterol or LDL cholesterol. Also, fermented finger millets contain important metabolites like statin and dietary sterol which act as an enzyme inhibitor of the cholesterol passageway and help in reducing the serum LDL without affecting the HDL cholesterol levels.
According to an in vivo (animal-based) study, a multigrain diet can inhibit fat oxidation in the arteries thereby reducing the risk of problems like atherosclerosis and high blood pressure.
Diabetes is a metabolic and endocrine disorder characterized by an inefficiency of the body to take up the excess glucose from the blood. Due to dietary and lifestyle factors, there has been a massive increase in the number of diabetes cases over the years. The current line of treatment includes dietary modifications along with anti-diabetic medications.
However, with an increase in general awareness. there has been an increasing demand for foods that contain complex carbohydrates, high dietary fibre, and beneficial phytochemicals. This is because fiber rich foods like ragi are a boon for diabetic patients since it takes longer to digest and hence glucose is released slowly into the blood.
Presence of excess free radicals is increasingly being associated with the development of diabetes. In vivo studies suggest that finger millets control levels of blood glucose and oxidative stress in experimental diabetic models. Additionally, methanolic extract of ragi has been demonstrated to reduce the complication of diabetes by the free radical scavengers present in them.
According to studies, the seed coat extracts of the finger millets show a high antimicrobial activity because of their high polyphenol content. The phenolic compounds contained in the outer layers of the finger millets may also restrict fungal invasion.
As per the study, finger millets possessed potent antimicrobial action against bacteria like Bacillus cereus and fungus like Aspergillus flavus.
The process of tissue repair in the wounded cells is generally associated with the onset of inflammation. Studies claim that an increase in the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) or free radicals slows down the wound healing process in older people and in the people who are suffering from chronic diseases. In vivo studies suggest that finger millet has antioxidant effects. This means that it can help scavenge the free radicals in the body and efficiently facilitate the wound healing process.
However, no such study has been done on humans so far.
It has been mentioned that finger millets contain antioxidant compounds like polyphenols which are very efficient in slowing down the ageing process by scavenging the free radicals present in the body.
As we age, the collagen molecules in our body start to cross-link. Collagen is a natural protein responsible for providing elasticity to tissues. This Cross-linking makes the skin to lose its elasticity and be easily prone to damage and age-related problems like wrinkles. It has also been associated with stiff blood vessels and an increased risk of some diseases like diabetes.
Studies suggest that finger millet and Kodo millet together can reduce the cross-linking of collagen thus impeding skin ageing.
According to research, antioxidants and phytochemicals exhibit anticarcinogenic properties. These compounds may suppress excessive cellular oxidation and protect the body against cancer. Ragi is rich in antioxidants. Seed coats of finger millets contain phenolic acid, tannins, and flavonoids which have effective antioxidant properties. Preclinical studies suggest that ferulic acid, the main component of bound phenolic acids present in ragi, has a suppressing effect on tongue cancer, colon cancer, and breast cancer cell lines.
Additionally, it has been reported that the nitriloside (vitamin B17) present in ragi can selectively kill cancer cells without harming the normal body cells. However, more studies are still needed to understand the anticancer effects of ragi and its use in human anticancer therapies.
Ragi is a natural source of iron. Regular consumption of ragi can thus be very beneficial for people suffering from iron deficiency or anemia.
A clinical study done on 60 young girls suggests that regular consumption of ragi can increase haemoglobin levels in the blood.
Nearly 65% of the world’s population is lactose-intolerant which means that they cannot depend on dairy products for their calcium requirement. Ragi is the richest source of calcium and hence can easily prove to be an effective substitute for such people for their daily calcium requirements.
Ragi does not contain gluten. Thus, it is advisable for celiac patients to consume ragi. Ragi can be ground into flour which is easily digestible and does not require much cooking.
Diet plays a very important role for a lactating mother to produce enough milk to feed her baby. The diet must include nutrients like calcium, potassium, phosphorus, protein, iron, and vitamin C. Ragi is a powerhouse of nutrients. It is the richest source of calcium and thus, extremely beneficial for the lactating mother for increased milk production.
Ragi may cause kidney stone
Consumption of ragi more than the general levels should be avoided as it is high in calcium and may increase the level of oxalic acid present in the body. The patient suffering from kidney stones or urinary calculi are advised to avoid the use of finger millets as much as they can.
Ragi may cause thyroid
Goitrogen is a component present in millet which can interfere with the production of the thyroid hormones and may inhibit the iodine uptake by the thyroid gland. Hence, patients suffering from thyroid should consult their doctor before consuming ragi.
Ragi may cause goiter
The deficiency of iodine in the body may lead to goiter which is the development of an enlarged thyroid gland. Goiter may lead to symptoms like dry skin, anxiety, slow thinking, and depression. So, if you are suffering from goiter, it is best to avoid ragi.
Ragi is highly beneficial for health as it possesses a great nutritional value and has a bunch of amazing nutrients including potassium and calcium. Also, it is high in antioxidants and amino acids. It can be used to fight against several disorders like diabetes and chronic diseases like cancer. It includes dietary fibre and polyphenols which help in fighting with several health conditions like constipation, hypercholesterolemia, etc. Finger millets can be used as a food or a snack as it is considered to be health-building and therapeutic.
Ragi must be included in the diets of those who wish to lose weight as it contains zero cholesterol and is gluten-free. It is a natural product which possesses so many benefits. However, the number of benefits does not imply that it is suitable for consumption on a very frequent basis. Anything in excess may lead to side effects and ragi is no different. Every food item has a different effect on different people. It is recommended to consult a doctor before consuming anything beyond moderate levels as prevention is always better than cure.
Guidance in small things can definitely help in maintaining a good and a healthy lifestyle throughout which leads to a happy and a healthy living!
Tags health-tips
[getWidget results="12" label="recent" type="list"]
Hall-tickets
[getWidget results="6" label="hall-tickets" type="list"]
[getWidget results="6" label="Result" type="list"]
[getWidget results="6" label="Time-Table" type="list"]
Design by - Ttelangana
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0032.json.gz/line1826920
|
__label__cc
| 0.591727
| 0.408273
|
Haywards Heath to Balcombe via the Ouse valley walk
The rolling tree clad High Wield
10.4 km (6.4 mi) 2-3 hours walking
Explorer series 135 Landranger series 187 and 198
3 out of 10. Muddy after heavy rain.
Forget Beachy Head and the South Downs, The High Weald is the best place for walking in Sussex. This walk, which is easy to get to from many parts of the south east, introduces you to the some joys of the High Weald and also to one of the threats to it.
The rolling, tree clad High Weald is one of the reasons Sussex is one of the most tree clad counties in England. The terrain means that prairie-style agriculture is largely a stranger to these parts. It is an area of great variety and beautiful scenery, perhaps the most conventionally beautiful of any area near to London. But it is threatened by further development, by the possibility of more noise from Gatwick Airport expansion and now from oil drilling (“fracking” – ed). Enjoy it now!
The Weald is famous for its mud, but only one section, just north of Haywards Heath Golf Club, is likely to cause significant problems. In all but the very worst conditions this can be by-passed on the side of the path.
Public toilets: On the station in Haywards Heath
Date researched: August 2013
Trains run to Haywards Heath from Lewes, Hastings, Brighton, Worthing, Littlehampton, Portsmouth, London, Luton and Bedford.
Trains run from Balcombe to Haywards Heath, Brighton, London, Luton and Bedford.
Nearly all the trains that stop at Balcombe are run by First Capital Connect, so you will not be able to use cheap tickets that are only valid on Southern Trains.
For bus and train times see Traveline South East
Lunch and tea
Shops, pub and café on or near Haywards Heath Station. Pub, shops and tea room in Balcombe
© Copyright Chris Smith except where otherwise stated and licensed for reuse under this Creative Commons Licence
This is one of a number of walks created for the Ramblers by Chris Smith of Travellog Lewes (www.travelloglewes.co.uk). You can find more about the area around Lewes by visiting.
To join the Ramblers, click here, or to become involved in helping them to protect rights of way follow, click here
After the walk, we would love to get your feedback
You can upload photos to the SWC Group on Flickr (upload your photos) and videos to Youtube. This walk's tags are:
swcwalks
swcwalk198
Out (not a train station)
Back (not a train station)
Start RH16 1DJ Map Directions Return to the start:
Finish RH17 6JQ Map Directions Travel to the start:
OS Explorer 135
🚧
Start walking Large print Using GPS data
National Rail: 03457 48 49 50 • Travelline (bus times): 0871 200 22 33 (12p/min) • TFL (London) : 0343 222 1234
Feb-17 Chris Smith
Copyright © Saturday Walkers Club. All Rights Reserved. No commercial use. No copying. No derivatives. Free with attribution for one time non-commercial use only. www.walkingclub.org.uk/site/license.shtml
Walk Directions
The directions for this walk are also in a PDF (link above) which you can download on to a Kindle, tablet, or smartphone.
Leave Haywards Heath station by the main exit. Turn right along the footpath which runs alongside the forecourt. Turn right at the end. You come immediately to a roundabout. There are shops here and a pub. Turn north, next to the pub. Walk for 340 metres to the end of the road. To your left the road runs in a tunnel under the railway, but your route turns right here.
Then take the first left along Wickham Way, walking slightly uphill past suburban houses. The houses and the road run out. In 430 metres turn right at a junction, walking on a lane with the large wall of a rather impressive estate on your right. Come to the entrance to the estate on your right. Turn left here, at a right of way sign. Your way is now straight ahead. You come to Haywards Heath Golf Club. Continue straight ahead.
A golf club sign tells you that you cannot stop or eat while on the path. Of course this is wrong. You have the right to rest and take refreshment.
After about 1.2 km of straight walking you meet a footpath junction. You can no longer go straight ahead. Turn left here, into the wood.
This is the first High Weald Wood on the route. Once the whole of the High Weald was woodland. There is still a large amount of very beautiful woodland.
You have now joined the Sussex Ouse Valley Way. This is a 42 mile route from the source of the Ouse near Lower Beeding and the sea between Newhaven and Seaford, running through Lewes. The part of the walk to the west of here runs though some lovely High Weald Scenery.
The route is now well waymarked and fairly easy to follow. Cross Copyhold Lane and keep straight ahead.
You are now not just on the Ouse Valley Way but also on the High Weald Landscape Trail. This 90 mile trail starts on Horsham Station and finishes at Rye. It is one of the most beautiful and undiscovered walking trails in south east England.
Pass River’s Farm and cross the railway line that conveys goods from Ardingly to Haywards Heath. Enter the attractive River's Wood.
At the end of the wood the High Weald Trail goes straight on, aiming for Rye, but your route goes left up the Ouse Valley, following the Ouse Valley Way. Come to a road at Upper Ryelands Bridge. Do not let the view distract you from paying attention to the road, which can be very busy. Turn right at the junction, cross the river, and find a stile on your left after about 100 metres.
Before you is the Ouse Valley Viaduct, built in 1841 and a candidate for the most handsome viaduct in England. It carries the main London-Brighton line. Ironically, the river Ouse was navigable up to Upper Ryelands Bridge and boats were used to bring the bricks to the sit to build the viaduct. The coming of the railway destroyed the Ouse Navigation. The railway was so much faster and the river could not compete. You will either travel over the viaduct later on your return journey or will already have travelled over it to get to Haywards Heath.
The path from the stile runs west to pass under the northern end of the viaduct. It then crosses a further field to emerge at a farm track. Turn left and reach the yard of Ryelands Farm. Turn right through the farmyard.
Navigation can now become a little difficult. You want walk westwards, diagonally across two fields until you come to a bridge over the Ouse. From here continue west/south west towards Great Bentley Farm. From the farm follow the farm drive westwards to meet the main road.
Turn left and then immediately right up a small lane on the opposite side of the road. Head north up this. At the first farm track on the left the Ouse Valley Way turns left. Do not follow it but keep straight ahead up the road. The road descends through trees cross the infant river Ouse.
Immediately after this crossing the road bears right. On your left you will see a large gap in the hedge. There is no footpath sign, but if you walk through this gap you should see the traces of the path. The route travels north on the right hand side of a hedgerow, climbing gently.
The path re-joins the road. Turn left here and then right again after about 10 metres, heading north again. The path continues to climb and head in the same general direction for a further 600 metres. It then starts to descend and enters Pilstye Wood.
You come to a track which crosses the route. Signposts show that you should continue straight ahead and then down to the right. You emerge at the other side of the route at a field.
The route here runs north/northeast, slightly to the left, across the field. In the past this route has been ploughed up or obstructed by crops. If this is a problem when you walk the route please report it to West Sussex Rights of Way. The grid reference is TQ307295 and the path number is 17Ba
On reaching the far side of the field turn left along the field edge. Come to a field gate with a stile to the right of it. Cross the stile and walk along a narrow path to a road. Cross the road carefully.
If you turn right here on the roadside verge you will reach the sight of the proposed oil extraction site. It is marked by a track on the left. A company called Cuadrilla wants to extract oil here. It may use a process that involves fracturing rock by using a mixture of lots of water and chemicals - fracking . In August 2013 there was an anti-fracking protest outside the site, but the protesters' aims and tactics may change. If they are still there they will certainly welcome a visit. The safety of the technology is unproven and the use of chemicals so near Ardingly reservoir, which supplies water to Lewes and other towns in the area is, at least, alarming. Balcombe is only the first site that oil companies want to exploit. There are a large number of other sites in the weald that they have their eye on. You can get a lot more information by doing an internet search for “Balcombe fracking”.
To follow the main route turn left and then immediately right up a drive. Follow this drive through a gate into the grounds of a large and rather wonderful house, which you pass on your left. Immediately after the house turn right and see a footpath sign pointing you into the woods. Almost immediately the path crosses the railway on the level. This is the main London to Brighton main line. Use your eyes and ears. Trains normally sound their horns when approaching this crossing.
After the crossing the path turns left and then runs along a field boundary, emerging at a road.
The main route assumes that you want to go straight to the station. Trains from Balcombe only run one every hour. Turn left along the road, which curves round to the right. Come to steps, with a handrail, which lead through a gap in the houses down to a main road. At the road you can see the entrance to Balcombe station on your left.
If you have spare time and would like to explore the village or take refreshment then you can walk straight ahead. Walk along the road ahead for about 100 metres. Then take a path ahead on the right hand side. Pass the recreation ground, keeping straight ahead. The way turns into a road. Turn right at the end of this to find the village centre.)
To return to the station retrace your steps down Bramble Hill (do not turn off to the left). You reach the main London Road. Bear left here to reach the station.
© Saturday Walkers Club. All Rights Reserved. No commercial use. No copying. No derivatives. Free with attribution for one time non-commercial use only. www.walkingclub.org.uk/site/license.shtml
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0032.json.gz/line1826923
|
__label__wiki
| 0.841402
| 0.841402
|
Watches & Jewellery:
Watches & jewellery | 27 Jul 2018 | By Caragh McKay
Jeweller Shaun Leane upscales to gild the façade of a London apartment block
Left, arbour railings in process at Chris Brammall’s workshop in Cumbria. The work is cast in phosphor bronze, and finished to give a rich, reddish-gold finish. Right, a brass gate from Shaun Leane’s Arbour for a London residence. Photography: Phil Dunlop
Arbour, Shaun Leane’s latest piece, has a seemingly random nature to it. It comprises a monumental façade of sculpted brass branches and leaves that appear to sway around a new residential development in Kensington in west London.
As a jeweller used to working on a tiny scale, Leane was pleasantly surprised, though a trifle perplexed, when placemaking agency Futurecity approached him with a view to creating a large-scale public artwork in 2016. ‘I was up against some major design names, so I thought it was nice to be asked and that the application process would be a good experience,’ Leane recalls.
Leane’s avant-garde portfolio – such as his infamous skeleton corset and face clamp – also marked him as a radical choice to design a public art piece, but his jewellery style is borne of an apprenticeship in classic restoration work, and he is a traditionalist at heart. Leane’s reputation as one of the most daring fine jewellers of his age has been won through a rigorous work ethic and a meticulous eye for detail and craftsmanship, which appealed to property developer Grainger, who commissioned the piece.
The 1,850 bronze sculpted leaves and three-dimensional branches of Arbour adorn 26 balcony railings and two gates across the façade of 21 Young Street, just off Kensington High Street. The entire piece weighs more than four tonnes, and Leane’s studio designed and crafted the first leaf designs in resin and nylon. The jeweller then chose Cumbrian sculptor Chris Brammall to bring Arbour’s bronze form to life.
London jeweller Shaun Leane at Chris Brammall’s foundry. Photography: Phil Dunlop
‘I liked the flow of line and consistency of fluidity in Chris’ own metalwork’, says Leane. ‘He got all that detail we had honed into the prototype design immediately, and understood that ours was not a literal interpretation.’ Brammall and Leane are in happy territory: ‘I know immediately when I speak to another smith whether they appreciate detail and are passionate about metal and its possibilities,’ says Brammall.
It was Kensington Square, across the road from the new development, that prompted Leane’s vision for 21 Young Street. A culturally significant area, the square was acquired in the mid-17th century by Thomas Young (who gave the street its name), a woodcarver with a vision to create a residential sanctuary from the dirty, teeming city – a ‘habitacion of persons of good Worth and Quality with Courts and Yards and Gardens.’ Its haven-like nature – vines twist around the white stucco façades of the houses creating shadows that shimmer in the sunlight – are now reflected across the new residences, on the site of a former car park, by way of Leane’s additions.
‘The design came naturally – it was rogue and random. I instantly knew that I could do it as I’m used to working with organic forms that grow around a body or an object. To do the same with a building seemed instinctive.’ Challenges, however, loomed pretty quickly. ‘Jewelley engineering has its own restrictions and I am used to thinking about how a jewel sits on the body,’ says Leane. ‘In the architectural arena, which is such a different scale, you have to consider very different things – the railings have to be safe for children to touch, for instance, and that means I couldn’t be as natural with the design as I am used to.’
As a result, when Leane presented the original designs to Grainger, ‘they said they loved them but that they had expected something wilder’. The jeweller referred to regulations, but they told him to ‘just go back and design how you want’. So, while the railing panels bear the brunt of health and safety concerns, the 1,850 leaves that comprise the design – each finished by hand – express Leane’s desire for movement, of nature twisting free. That sense of nature being at once beautiful and terrifying is the undercurrent in Leane’s jewellery. At 21 Young Street, it’s there for all to see. §
As originally featured in Precious Index, our Watches & Jewellery supplement (see W*230)
Bronze sculpted leaves by jeweller Shaun Leane, part of the metal framework crafted by Chris Brammall.
For more information, visit Shaun Leane’s website, Chris Brammall’s website and the 21 Young Street website
JEWELLERY PUBLIC ART
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0032.json.gz/line1826924
|
__label__wiki
| 0.620127
| 0.620127
|
Water Issues
Home NewsEnvironmental Water Issues Africa Boreholes key to drought resilience in Ethiopia, new study shows
Boreholes key to drought resilience in Ethiopia, new study shows
Posted by: administrator
Category: Environmental, Water Issues, Africa
Installing more boreholes to tap underground water will improve rural Ethiopian communities’ resilience to drought, according to a new report.
Research carried out by the British Geological Survey (BGS), the University of Addis Ababa and the Overseas Development Institute (ODI) shows that people who have access to groundwater from boreholes are much less affected by drought than those who rely on wells or springs for their water supply.
The report also links the shortage of water to conflict in local areas, migration, declines in breastfeeding, rises in miscarriages and more children missing school.
Groundwater experts from the British Geological Survey monitored 19 hand-dug wells, springs and boreholes in two districts in northern Ethiopia over 18 months.
They also held focus group discussions with local people, including school and health centre staff near each of the groundwater sources.
The team found that boreholes drilled to 50-100m were the most reliable source of water during the extended drought of 2015/16 and through the dry season.
Professor Alan MacDonald, the hydrogeologist who led the research, said:
“We found that boreholes equipped with handpumps were more reliable than springs or hand-dug wells, and this reliability is not affected by drought or seasonal change.
“As hand-dug wells dried up and springs failed, the boreholes we monitored gave exactly the same flow throughout the year.
“Boreholes also had better water quality. As the drought ended and rain started falling many of the springs and hand-dug wells became grossly contaminated.
“The boreholes performed much better, with less than half of them showing any level of contamination.
“Our findings make a clear case for the installation of more boreholes to improve resilience to drought. If constructed carefully and regularly maintained, boreholes can transform the water security for rural villages and make them much more resilient to the effects of climate change.”
Dr Seifu Kebede, from Addis Ababa University’s Earth Sciences department, said:
“A significant finding of our study is the length of time people without boreholes spent in water collection during the dry season and drought, and the very low volumes of water they were able to collect.
“People were routinely queuing for up to 10 hours, which led to tension and sometimes violence, and had wide-ranging impact across communities.”
School attendances down and all health centres in study area reported increases in diseases
Other issues identified in the study included a reduction in farmwork to help collect water, while school attendance was down in all but one district, as children were involved in water collection.
All health centres in the study area also reported increases in diseases, and, in some cases, employees were paying for water collection to keep the centres functioning.
“We must look at how communities source water during a normal dry season to predict how they will cope during drought years. This study shows that boreholes, where they can be installed, could be the most reliable source of groundwater in these areas of northern Ethiopia.” Dr Kebede added.
According to BGS’s African Groundwater Atlas, Ethiopia has a high potential for groundwater in the highland regions due to the mostly permeable rocks. A major challenge, however, is the rugged terrain, which can hinder the movement of drilling rigs.
In the Ethiopian Highlands, rainwater infiltrates through the underlying volcanic rock over decades and centuries to collect in fractures and cracks in the rock to form aquifers.
The groundwater naturally flows slowly to flow out at springs and rivers, or can be accessed by drilling boreholes and installing handpumps or motorised pumps.
Since it is replenished at a different time scale to rivers it means that groundwater is available when other sources dry out.
The project was funded by the Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) and the Department for International Development.
Veolia’s bid for SUEZ - Ardian and GIP emerge as new joint bidder
Water security a top priority in COVID-19 Recovery, says ADB Report
Africa: EIB to support high-impact investment in 11 Sahel countries under Great Green Wall initiative
Volkswagen donates €2m to European Biosphere Reserves to support nature conservation, sustainability and climate protection projects
Sign up for our newsletter and stay up to date with the latest news, intelligence, analysis and upcoming reports on global water and wastewater markets.
drought boreholes SDG6 Ethioia wells
Subscribe now and stay up to date for our forthcoming reports and current news
I Read and Accept Terms & Conditions
WaterBriefing Global – WBG – is an online intelligence portal delivering daily news, analysis and insight on the global water and wastewater sector.
Level 14, Boulevard Plaza Tower 1, Sheikh Mohammed Bin Rashid Boulevard. Downtown Dubai, United Arab Emirates
info@waterbriefingglobal.org
© 2021 Copyright WATERBRIEFING GLOBAL. All Rights Reserved. | Developed by GLOBE ONE DIGITAL
Strictly Required Cookies cannot be switched off, as the website requires them, in order to be able to run. These cookies are only set in response to specific actions made by users, such as language, currency, login session, privacy preferences etc. You are able to set your browser, in order to block Strictly Required Cookies, but please keep in mind that our website may not work properly then.
Analytics and Statistics Cookies collect information in data sets, giving us the opportunity to measure visitors traffic and check traffic sources. What is more, these cookies help us understand which particular products and actions are more popular in our website.
Marketing and Retargeting Cookies are often set by the website’s marketing and advertising partners. They use these cookies, in order to build a profile of your interest and show you the most relevant ads, later on. In case you do not allow these cookies, you will not experience any more targeted ads for your interests.
Welcome to Waterbriefing Global ×
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0032.json.gz/line1826926
|
__label__cc
| 0.630421
| 0.369579
|
WCDW
Voting 101
Voting Dates & Locations
What's My Voting District?
Find Local Officials
Find My State Representatives
Find My Federal Representatives
TNDP
The Democratic Party is committed to keeping our nation safe and expanding opportunity for every American. That commitment is reflected in an agenda that emphasizes the security of our nation, strong economic growth, affordable health care for all Americans, retirement security, environmental stewardship, honest government, and civil rights.
The Williamson County Democratic Party works to elect qualified Democratic candidates, increase the quality of life for Williamson County residents, and support Democratic principles at home and beyond.
We ascribe the Tennessee Democratic Party’s Creed, which follows:
The Tennessee Democratic Party Creed
We Democrats believe that we exist not merely as individual “owners” of those things we possess, but also as stewards on behalf of those in need and those who will follow us. Therefore:
We will be faithful stewards of our children’s education and we will promote quality job training for all citizens seeking the skills to thrive in a technologically and intellectually challenging world;
We will be faithful stewards of our economy by supporting sound fiscal and energy policies that will create opportunities for all citizens now and in the future;
We will be faithful stewards of our natural resources by pursuing sustainable environmental policies and by leaving this planet in a better condition than we found it so future generations may enjoy its beauty;
We will be faithful stewards of our health and well being by promoting policies that will create access to affordable health care, and by supporting research to improve health conditions and fight diseases;
We will be faithful stewards of our communities by supporting efforts to control crime and promoting policies that will encourage better planning to ensure a rich quality of life;
We will be faithful stewards of our democracy, by honoring those who have sacrificed to safeguard it, and by defending it against all who would threaten it;
And we will be faithful stewards of our freedoms of equality, religion and expressions so that men and women of all races and faiths can live, follow their beliefs and express their views without fear of discrimination or reprisal.
We, as Democrats, understand and accept our responsibilities to our fellow Tennesseans. We follow the scriptural and cultural admonitions that call on us to care for the least fortunate among us, and to prepare for that which is to come. We look to the future while living our lives and remembering our past, and we gratefully accept our role as stewards of God’s creations.
Matthew Foster published Our Vision in About Us 2020-05-27 22:46:42 -0500
Paid for by the Williamson County Democratic Party, PO Box 122, Franklin TN 37065, Courtenay D. Rogers, Treasurer.
This Communication is not authorized by any candidate or candidate's committee. © 2020
Created with NationBuilder.
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0032.json.gz/line1826930
|
__label__wiki
| 0.654787
| 0.654787
|
TOP 10 Best Phone Under 20000 to buy in 2020 : Price, features
Best phone under 20000: The category best phone under 20,000 covers powerful processors and better cameras. The brands that are under this price segment are Samsung, Realme, Xiaomi, and Vivo. We have compiled a list of best smartphones under 20,000 that will best suit your pocket. Few years back smartphones were available based on your budget but they didn't have a very good performance. But now the smartphone makers are bringing a wide range of budget smartphones that offers the same performance as flagship phones. Without any further ado, here is our top mobile phone list of best 10 smartphones in India. There are various features that you can get in smartphones that are available in 20000. These features include premium design, battery capacity, FHD+Display, USB Type C, Dual cameras, 4G connectivity, and many more. So, to make things easier for you, we have compiled the list of best mobile phone under 20000 in India in 2020.
Huawei Y9S 19990
HiSilicon Kirin 710F
6GB of RAM and 128GB Storage
Huawei has launched its Y9S with 6GB RAM + 128 storage which is priced at Rs 19,990. This smartphone can be purchased in Breathing Crystal and Midnight Black color options. At the same time, the sale of this smartphone will start from May 19 on Amazon.in. The Huawei Y9S smartphone has a 6.59-inch Full HD Plus display, which is 1,080x2,340 pixels. Also, this smartphone has an octa-core Kirin 710F processor. Talking about the camera, users have got a triple rear camera setup in this smartphone, which has a 48 megapixel primary sensor, 8 megapixel ultra wide angle and a 2 megapixel depth sensor. Apart from this, a 16-megapixel pop-up selfie camera has been given in this phone. In terms of connectivity, the company has given features like 4G LTE, Bluetooth, GPS, GLONASS and USB port Type-C in this smartphone. Apart from this, the phone has 4,000 mAh battery, which is equipped with a 10 watt fast charging feature.
Xiaomi Redmi Note 9 Pro 13999
48 MP Primary Camera 8 MP, Wide Angle, Ultra-Wide Angle Camera 5 MP Camera 2 MP, Depth Camera
Chinese smartphone maker Xiaomi has launched new smartphones of Note series in India. The company has launched Redmi Note 9 Pro, Redmi Note 9 Pro Max. Redmi Note 9 Pro has 64GB of internal storage with 4GB of RAM. In the second variant, 128GB of storage is provided with 6GB of RAM. The base variant costs Rs 12,999. The price of the 6GB variant is Rs 15,999. The sale of Redmi Note 9 Pro starts on March 17. You can buy it from Amazon India including Me Home and Me Studio. This smartphone has a 6.67 inch Full HD Plus display. This smartphone has a side mounted fingerprint scanner. There is also a quad camera setup in which a 48-megapixel primary lens has been given. A camera is 8 megapixels which is ultra wide, a 5 megapixel macro lens, a 2 megapixel depth sensor. For display protection, the company has given Triple Corning Gorilla Glass 5 in it. The battery of this phone is 5,020 mAh and it is supported with 18W fast charging. This smartphone runs on Qualcomm Sndpdragon 720G. Redmi Note 9 Pro has also been given four cameras, one camera is 48 megapixels, the other is 8 megapixels ultra wide, the third is 5 megapixels macro lens and the fourth is 2 megapixel depth sensor. The phone will get a 16-megapixel front camera. The phone also supports the Indian navigation system Navigator.
Realme 6 Pro 17999
Qualcomm Snapdragon 720G Octa core Processor
8GB + 128GB (Largest available for realme 6 Pro)
64MP Primary camera + 2MP Macro Lens + 8MP Ultra wide-angle lens + 12MP Telephoto lens
Realme 6 Pro packs 6.60-inch full-HD+ display and Qualcomm Snapdragon 720G processor. It comes with 6GB of RAM. The phone launches in India on 5 March 2020. Realme 6 Pro price in India starts at Rs. 16,999. This latest smartphone has a resolution of 1080x2400 pixels and an aspect ratio of 20:9. The phone will come in Lightning Blue and Lightning Orange colours. Realme 6 Pro runs on the Android 10 and is powers through a 5000mAh non-removable battery which supports proprietary fast charging. The phone packs 64GB of inbuilt storage that can be expanded via microSD card. On camera front, the phone offers a 64 Megapixels + 8 Megapixels + 12 Megapixels + 2 Megapixels of Rear camera and 16 Megapixels and 8 Megapixels of front camera that can click stunning selfies. The rear camera setup has autofocus.
Xiaomi Poco X2 16999
Octa core (2.2 GHz, Dual core, Kryo 470 + 1.8 GHz, Hexa Core, Kryo 470) processor and Qualcomm Snapdragon 730G Chipset
6 GB RAM and 64 GB internal storage.
48 primary lens, a secondary 8MP ultrawide lens, a 2MP macro lens, and a 2MP depth sensor
Li-Po 4500 mAh battery
POCO X2 is a newly launched smartphone by POCO on 4 February 2020. The phone is launched with a 6.67-inch IPS LCD touchscreen display with a resolution of 1080x2400 pixels. POCO X2 packs 64+8+2+2 MP Rear camera and 20 MP + 2 MP Dual Front Cameras. The phone is powered by Octa core processor. It runs on the Qualcomm Snapdragon 730G Chipset. It has 6 GB RAM and 64 GB internal storage. Xiaomi Poco X2 smartphone price in India is Rs 15,999. It has launched in Atlantis Blue, Matrix Purple, Phoenix Red colours. POCO X2 is launched with Light sensor, Proximity sensor, Accelerometer, Compass, and Gyroscope. It has other features like Digital Zoom, Auto Flash, Face detection, Touch to focus.
The smartphone supports 4500 mAh battery capacity. The smartphone comes in 2 other storage and RAM variants - Xiaomi Poco X2 128GB, Xiaomi Poco X2 256GB.
Realme C3 launched in India on February 6, 2020. The handset is available in Rs 6,999 for 3GB and 32GB storage variant. Whereas, the 4GB + 64GB unit can be bought for Rs 7,999. The Realme C3 comes powered with by an octa-core MediaTek Helio G70 SoC and 6.5-inch HD+ LCD panel with a 720 x 1,600 resolution. At the back, Realme C3 will pack 12MP + 2MP camera setup. The upcoming smartphone is confirmed to offer a battery capacity of 5,000 mAh with an upgraded MediaTek processor, and a dual-camera setup on the back. This smartphone is launched in Frozen Blue and Blazing Red color. Realme C3 launched with camera features including Night scape, Chroma Boost, and HDR.
Samsung Galaxy M31 16999
Samsung has given a 6.4-inch Full HD Plus display in this phone, which has a resolution of 1080x2340 pixels. Also, for better performance, this phone has been given the Octa Core Exynos 9611 chipset. At the same time, this phone works on UI 2.0 based on Android 10. Talking about the camera, the company has given a quad camera setup in this phone, which has a 64-megapixel primary sensor, 8-megapixel ultra-wide-angle lens, 5-megapixel macro shooter and 5-megapixel depth sensor. Apart from this, users have got a 32-megapixel camera in the front. In terms of connectivity, the company has given ports like 4G VoLTE, Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, GPS and USB Type C in this phone. Along with this, a 6,000 mAh battery has been given in this phone, which is equipped with 15-watt fast charging feature. The company has launched the Galaxy M31 with 6 GB RAM + 64 GB storage and 6 GB RAM + 128 GB storage. The first variant of this phone is priced at Rs 14,999 and the second variant is available at Rs 15,999.
Xiaomi Redmi Note 9 Pro Max 16499
Qualcomm Snapdragon 720G, Octa-core (2x2.3 GHz Kryo 465 Gold & 6x1.8 GHz Kryo 465 Silver)
6GB and 128GB
Redmi Note 9 Pro Max has a 6.67 inch Full HD Plus display. Apart from this, the phone has four rear cameras including one camera is 64 megapixels, the other is 8 megapixels ultra wide, third is 5 megapixel macro lens and fourth is 2 megapixel depth sensor. The phone will have a 32-megapixel front camera. Qualcomm's Snapdragon 720G processor will be available in this phone. The phone also has Gorilla Glass 5 protection. There will also be a 5020 mAh battery with a 33 Watt fast charger.
This phone is available in 4 GB RAM / 64 GB storage, 6 GB RAM / 128 GB and 8 GB RAM / 128 GB storage variants, which are priced at Rs 14,999, Rs 16,999 and Rs 18,999 respectively.
Exynos 9611 processor
triple rear cameras with 48MP primary camera and 20MP selfie camera are present in its rear.
Samsung Galaxy M21 is the newest budget offering from the Korean company in the Galaxy M-series. It features a 6.4-inch Full HD+ display, Samsung’s own Exynos 9611 SoC, 4GB or 6GB of RAM and 64GB or 128GB storage. The smartphone is available online via Amazon India. It runs One UI 2.0 based on Android 10 and packs a 6,000mAh battery. This is for the road warriors who want a beefy battery pack. For imaging, the Galaxy M21 relies on a 48-megapixel main camera, an 8-megapixel ultrawide and a 5-megapixel depth sensor. There is a 20-megapixel selfie camera as well.
Vivo Z1x 16990
The Vivo Z1x features a 6.38-inch Super AMOLED display. The smartphone draws its power from a Qualcomm Snapdragon 712 octa-core SoC. The company is offering a triple camera setup at the back. This setup includes a 48-megapixel Sony primary snapper with f/1.79 aperture. There is an 8-megapixel secondary shooter (wide-angle) and a 2-megapixel depth sensor. For selfies, there is a 32-megapixel sensor. For security, there is face unlock and an optical in-display fingerprint scanner. Vivo has also added a 4,500mAh battery inside the phone. It offers support for 22.5W fast charging using USB Type-C port. You also get Android 9 Pie with FunTouch OS on top.
Smartphones that got price drop in last 30 days
Honor 8A 2020 price and specifications listed on UK retail website
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0032.json.gz/line1826932
|
__label__wiki
| 0.875725
| 0.875725
|
SEPTEMBER GREEN SHOOTS: CSR ISSUES
[vc_row][vc_column width=”1/2″][vc_column_text]Revitalised Funny Feet will support Save the Children
Wall’s ‘Funny Feet’ ice-cream has relaunched this month after a campaign by The Grocer magazine to bring back the 1980s strawberry-flavoured, foot-shaped treat. Unilever UK has revitalised Funny Feet as part of its Foundation partnership with Save the Children and will donate 10p from every sale to the “Eat, Sleep, Learn Play” programme for disadvantaged children in the UK.
Remember Wall’s Funny Feet? The quirky strawberry ice-cream foot on a stick has now been revitalised thanks to exceptional demand in The Grocer’s recent ‘Bring Back a Brand’ campaign.
Originally launched in 1980, Funny Feet received over 6000 votes in The Grocer’s campaign and went back into stores early September. Parent-company Unilever managed to track down the original product mould to Italy.
A Save the Children flash features on every pack of Funny Feet, since the re-launch forms part of the Unilever Foundation’s partnership with charity organisation, Save the Children. Ten pence from every sale will be donated to Save the Children’s “Eat, Sleep, Learn Play” programme which aims to give the UK’s most disadvantaged children a better start in life. To date, this programme has helped over 6,000 British families with household essentials such as educational books, toys or children’s beds.
Unilever hopes to donate up to £500,000 this year to Save the Children through this ongoing partnership.
[/vc_column_text][/vc_column][vc_column width=”1/2″][vc_column_text]Year ten for Coca-Cola Enterprise’s ‘Real’ education programme
‘The Real Experience’ is Coca-Cola Enterprises’ (CCE) award-winning education programme. Now in its tenth year, the programme has five Education Centres within its UK sites, which aim to give students an insight into the manufacturing and business environment through free visits with tailored presentations by qualified teachers in a classroom environment. As part of the programme CCE also runs ‘The Real Business Challenge’ – an enterprise competition designed to inspire the business leaders of the future.
‘The Real Experience’ is Coca-Cola Enterprises’ (CCE) award-winning education programme. Now in its tenth year, it runs four Education Centres at CCE’s UK sites plus one at a recycling facility in Lincolnshire. In total, the five centres provide free visits to around 15,000 school students each year, with a curriculum-linked programme involving presentations by qualified teachers plus factory tours.
CCE also runs an annual enterprise competition called ‘The Real Business Challenge’ for 14-15 year olds. Downloadable resources enable teachers to run the challenge in school, then submit their best team’s work to the national competition.
Since it started in 2003, over 150,000 students have gone through the RBC programme, which this year partnered with Special Olympics Great Britain. Entrants were asked to design awareness campaigns for the disability sports charity and its Summer Games. The ten national finalists designed a campaign poster which was displayed through bus stop advertising in the school’s local area, increasing awareness of the charity’s work as well as the school’s own achievements.
The 2013 winning team from Strathaven Academy in South Lanarkshire presented medals to winning athletes at the Special Olympics GB National Summer Games.
[/vc_column_text][/vc_column][/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column width=”1/2″][vc_column_text]Baxters hits the highlands with Loch Ness Marathon sponsorship
At the end of September, family soup-brand Baxters will again roll out its sponsorship of the UK’s fifth largest marathon event, the Loch Ness Marathon & Festival of Running. The Baxters Food Group has been the title sponsor since 2002, supporting an event which is estimated to benefit the local area to the tune of some £1.34M each year as well as raising nearly £440,000 for charity in 2012.
At the end of September, family soup-brand Baxters will again roll out its sponsorship of the Loch Ness Marathon & Festival of Running. The Baxters Food Group has been the title sponsor since 2002, supporting an event which is estimated to benefit the local area to the tune of some £1.34M each year as well as raising nearly £440,00 for charity in 2012.
The Baxters Loch Ness Marathon & Festival of Running was founded by the Scottish Community Foundation (SCF), which aims to distribute £7.5m every year to charities and constituted voluntary groups throughout Scotland. The annual event is now the UK’s fifth largest marathon after London, Edinburgh, Manchester and Brighton, attracting over 9000 participants in 2012, nearly 4000 of them to the full 26 mile race.
In addition to a standard marathon, the Festival of Running also comprises a number of other events including the Baxters River Ness 10K, a 10K Corporate Challenge, River Ness 5K Fun Run and ‘Wee Nessie’ – a 400m race for under-5’s.
The event plays a key role in Baxters’ ongoing CSR programme as well as supporting its brand objectives of promoting a healthy lifestyle for all.
The Baxters Loch Ness Marathon was also awarded winner of Best Sporting Event at the prestigious VisitScotland Scottish Thistle Awards (November 2012) at the Highlands & Islands Tourism Awards (October 2012) and Winner of Best Marathon at the Running Fitness magazine awards (September 2012).
[/vc_column_text][/vc_column][vc_column width=”1/2″][vc_column_text]Featured charity: Prostate Cancer UK
This month in Green Shoots we feature Prostate Cancer UK, which this year rose 20 places in Third Sector UK’s annual ranking of charities in its ‘Charity Brand Index.’
Prostate Cancer UK is the leading charity for men with prostate cancer and prostate problems. It was founded in 1996 by Professor Jonathan Waxman, with an urgent mission to increase spending on prostate cancer research and raise awareness of the disease.
Prostate Cancer UK was rebranded in 2012 and in October launched an ambitious ‘MANifesto’ – a plan designed to transform the landscape of men’s health. The charity is one of the prime UK beneficiaries of the annual Movember campaign in November and in June was selected by Royal Mail as its ‘Charity of the Year’. Other key corporate supporters include M&S (donating £1.6M to date), Deloitte, Glaxo SmithKline and John Smiths.
[/vc_column_text][/vc_column][/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column width=”1/2″][vc_column_text]Nestlé tops leading sustainability index
Global food firm Nestlé has scored the highest place in this year’s Dow Jones Sustainability Index of any food or beverage company, with an overall score of 88% – double the industry average. Launched in 1999, the Sustainability Index annually identifies the top company in each 24 industry groups, using an integrated assessment of economic, environmental and social criteria with a strong focus on long-term shareholder value.
Nestlé was measured against a number of environmental and social benchmarks which measured the environmental and the social impact of its operations and the transparency of its information disclosure. The company’s strong policies and transparent reporting of its environmental programme – including climate change mitigation, water management and raw material sourcing – led to it achieving 97% in the ‘environment dimension’ of the Index, the best score in the industry.
Since 2002 Nestlé has managed to halve the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from its factories per tonne of product by improving energy efficiency, switching to cleaner fuels and investing in renewable sources. Earlier this year, it announced a commitment to further reduce direct greenhouse gas emissions per tonne of product by more than a third compared to 2005 levels.
[/vc_column_text][/vc_column][vc_column width=”1/2″][vc_column_text]Sainsbury’s trials the world’s first ‘naturally refrigerated’ trailer
Sainsbury’s has announced a trial for the world’s first naturally refrigerated trailer to transport chilled and frozen goods. Using a new ‘CO2 refrigerated’ unit, the trailer is part of the retailer’s review of its transport refrigeration gas; it aims to reduce its carbon footprint, which includes converting all stores to natural refrigeration by 2030.
Sainsbury’s has announced a 2-year trial of the world’s first naturally refrigerated trailer to transport chilled and frozen goods. Using a new HFC-free cooling technology (originally developed for deep-sea containers) the trailer is part of the retailer’s review of transport refrigeration gas as it aims to reduce its carbon footprint.
Sainsbury’s was the first UK retailer to commit voluntarily to phasing out harmful HFC refrigerants. It converted its refrigerated depots in 2011 and is on track to switch 250 stores to CO2 refrigerant by 2014.
Currently all new stores are fitted with CO2 as standard. Nick Davies, Sainsbury’s Head of Transport Operations, said: “The new carbon dioxide technology has much less of an impact on climate change and we hope it will play a big part in helping us reduce our carbon emissions… if successful it could help us save over 70,000 tonnes of CO2 compared to the current refrigerated trailer fleet.”
Sainsbury’s has also recently extended its Dual-Fuel fleet to 51 vehicles, saving up to 25 per cent in carbon emissions. The environmentally friendly fleet operates on a combination of diesel and bio-methane, produced from rotting organic material in landfill. Each Dual-Fuel vehicle will save around 41 tonnes of CO2 from being dispersed into the atmosphere each year.
Despite its growing business, Sainsbury’s aims to reduce its depot-to-store transport CO2 emissions by 35 per cent by 2020 and achieve an absolute reduction of 50 per cent by 2030 against a 2005 baseline.
hello@wildcard.co.uk
Origin Workspace
40 Berkeley Square
BS8 1HP
7 Edward Street
TR1 3AJ
Wild Card Public Relations Ltd (Company No.3899889) © 2020 / Site Map / Privacy / Ts&Cs / Web Design Devon | Studio Illicit
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0032.json.gz/line1826933
|
__label__wiki
| 0.974906
| 0.974906
|
WhatAreTheOdds
Dancing on Ice 2020: Perri Kiely odds SLASHED to take home crown
Home » TV Specials » Dancing on Ice 2020: Perri Kiely odds SLASHED to take home crown
Dancing on Ice 2020 is already in full flow, with the 12th series of the show having started earlier this month.
Countless viewers have been watching their favourite skaters in the live shows and on TV, but only one famous face can lift the prestigious prize.
Head judges Jayne Torvill and Christopher Dean are joined by returning judge Ashley Banjo, with former contestant John Barrowman replacing Jason Gardiner this time around.
And 12 celebrities have already become 11, with former talk show host Trisha Goddard the first to be eliminated.
Dancing on Ice returns again this Sunday, with the remaining celebrities all battling it out for the ultimate prize.
And it’s Diversity dancer Perri Kiely who is clear favourite to clinch success this year. He’s available at 4/6 to be 2020 Dancing on Ice champion.
Also in the running are Ian Watkins, also known as H from Steps, and Scottish Paralympic sprinter Libby Clegg. The former is currently 7/2 to win the series, with the latter available at 13/2.
And Coronation Street actress Lisa George and model Caprice Bourret are 12/1 and 10/1 respectively.
Love Island star Maura Higgins is 9/1 to be this year’s champion.
It’s currently 25/1 for reality TV favourite Joe Swash to win the competition, and 28/1 for Blue Peter presenter Radzi Chinyanganya.
Also looking to wow the judges until the very end are magician Ben Hanlin and former professional footballer Kevin Kilbane. Hanlin is 33/1 to win the entire show, with Kilbane available at 50/1.
And finally, newsreader Lucrezia Millarini – who has already been in the dreaded skate-off – is currently favourite to go next. She’s available at 66/1 to remain in the competition until the very end.
Unsurprisingly, it’s Kiely who is favourite to be the top male contestant at 8/13. And it’s 5/2 and 9/1 for Watkins and Chinyanganya respectively.
2008 King of the Jungle Swash is currently 10/1 to be the top male star on the ice. Both Hanlin and Kilbane are available at 20/1.
Clegg meanwhile is currently 5/4 to be the top female star, with George available at 3/1. Their fellow female skaters Bourret and Higgins are 10/3 and 4/1 respectively to be the last female standing in the competition.
And it’s 25/1 for Millarini to be the top female come the end of the competition.
Love Island: ‘Eve Gale favourite to be first female eliminated’
Royal Specials: Bookmaker offers odds on Meghan to play HERSELF in the Crown
Sports Journalism graduate, Liverpool and Northern Ireland fan. Currently working as a freelance journalist for GOAL, while I am a graduate of the FISU Young Reporters Programme at the 2019 Winter Universiade in Krasnoyarsk, Russia. Can follow me on Twitter or view my linkdin biography or contact me via my email .
Copyright © 2020 Whataretheodds.co.uk
About Us | Contact Us | Authors | Privacy Policy | Cookie Policy | Terms and Conditions| Help & FAQ
By using this site you confirm your consent to our use of cookies as set out in our Cookie Policy Got It!
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0032.json.gz/line1826939
|
__label__cc
| 0.660973
| 0.339027
|
Watching the sunrise from Driftwood Beach on Jekyll Island
Evening view of a docked riverboat in downtown Savannah
Boardwalk access to a secluded beach in the Golden Isles
Observing a whale shark at the Georgia Aquarium in Atlanta
View of the downtown Atlanta skyline
Seafood and drinks on the waterfront in the Golden Isles
Catching the band Umphrey's McGee perform at The Classic Center in Athens
Golfing in the RSM Classic PGA Tour event on St. Simons Island
Ocmulgee Mounds National Historic Park, a prehistoric Native American site in Macon
The quaint Main Street of small-town Plains, birthplace of former U.S. president Jimmy Carter
Explore Georgia
Major Airports:
Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta (ATL)
Savannah/Hilton Head (SAV)
Visit Georgia and enjoy some of America's iconic destinations
Energetic and lively cities, a relaxing coastline and breathtaking mountain scenery offer rich and unique experiences that can only be found in Georgia. Within the beautiful skyline of Atlanta you’ll have access to the world’s largest aquarium, the chance to follow in the footsteps of one of the country’s most notable civil rights leaders and even see the world’s largest collection of Coke memorabilia at the World of Coca-Cola.
Official Georgia Tourism Commercial
Walk down the cobblestone streets of Georgia’s first city in Savannah, a place filled with southern charm and one of the largest historic districts in the country. Disconnect from the world at Georgia’s Cumberland Island National Seashore which remains preserved in natural beauty with wild horses roaming its beaches.
In commemoration of the 150th anniversary of the Civil War - discover our more than 400 Civil War sites offering a wealth of battlefields, cemeteries, arsenals, museums, mansions and stories.
Georgia’s 47 state parks offer opportunities for outdoor adventure. Go rafting or kayaking on the Chattahoochee River in Columbus - the world’s longest urban whitewater course. Hike the Appalachian Trail that starts at Springer Mountain in the North Georgia Mountains.
Visit the filming locations that are now part of Georgia’s television and moviemaking history. Experience one of Georgia’s most recognizable icons “Gone With the Wind” along the Gone With the Wind Trail from Jonesboro to Marietta.
With all there is to see and do, you’ll want to make sure you explore Georgia.
Coca-Cola was invented in Georgia; a tour of its headquarters in Atlanta is a popular visitor experience.
The Georgia Aquarium in Atlanta is the largest aquarium in the Western Hemisphere.
North America’s largest blackwater swamp is the Okefenokee in South Georgia.
Photo: Explore Georgia
Must see places
Providence Canyon State Park
With dramatic cliffs and deep gulleys, rainbow-hued soil and lush forests, Providence Canyon in southwest Georgia rightfully earned its nickname, the Little Grand Canyon. Ironically, this striking natural beauty was caused by poor farming practices during the 1800s. Enjoy hiking, camping, astronomy programs and outstanding photography opportunities.
Albany Convention & Visitors Bureau
Radium Springs Gardens
Georgia’s largest natural spring pumps 265,000 liters of refreshing, 20-degree Celsius water per minute, earning its place among the Seven Natural Wonders of Georgia. This scenic park outside Albany was once home to a casino and resort. Today, it’s perfect for a stroll or a picnic.
This bucolic destination was made famous by Franklin D. Roosevelt’s search for a polio cure in its soothing natural hot springs. Visit FDR’s Little White House, browse downtown boutique and savor traditional Southern fried chicken and homemade biscuits at the Bulloch House. Outdoor enthusiasts can hike more than 60 kilometers of trails at F.D. Roosevelt State Park, the largest in Georgia.
Tallulah Gorge State Park
In 1970, daredevil Karl Wallenda walked a tightrope across the Tallulah Gorge, a 304-meter-deep, 3.2-kilometer-long gorge carved out by the Tallulah River. (Tip: You can still see the towers that held his tightrope.) Pick up a free permit that allows you to hike to the gorge floor, where a suspension bridge crosses the rushing river.
Okefenokee National Wildlife Refuge
Experience the mystery and beauty of the largest blackwater swamp in North America, the 163,000-hectare Okefenokee Swamp. Established in 1936 to protect migrating birds and wildlife, this refuge offers fishing, paddling, camping and fantastic views from boardwalks and observation towers.
Amicalola Falls
Northern Georgia is home to the USA’s third-highest waterfall east of the Mississippi River, the 222-meter Amicalola Falls. The waterfall is easily accessed, inviting picnickers and hikers alike to relax and listen the soothing sounds. The adjacent state park and lodge of the same name offer outdoor activities and overnight stays. This natural escape is just 1.5 hours north of Atlanta.
One of the largest aquariums in the world, the Georgia Aquarium in Atlanta offers an up close look at thousands of unique aquatic species including penguins, dolphins, sharks, otters, fish and reptiles. In addition to shows and animal demonstrations, the aquarium offers behind-the-scenes tours, animal encounters and swim-and-dive experiences.
Jimmy Carter National Historic Site
Located in rural central Georgia, the Jimmy Carter National Historic Site is home to the 39th president's boyhood farm, high school and presidential campaign headquarters (housed in a historic train depot). Walk the tranquil butterfly trail established by his wife, Rosalynn Carter.
Columbus Whitewater Course
Whitewater rafting in the heart of a city? It’s true. In Columbus, located on Georgia’s western border, you can enjoy the longest urban whitewater rafting in the world. This man-made whitewater on the Chattahoochee River boasts a four-kilometer stretch of Class II-V rapids, which you can experience on a guided paddling adventure.
Board a ferry in St. Marys to Cumberland Island, an undeveloped barrier island off the southern Georgia coast. Explore hiking trails, go boating, visit the historic Dungeness Mansion ruins, or just relax on the sand. Island camping is available and on clear nights, the stargazing is absolutely stunning.
Explore Georgia destinations
Experience Georgia
Shopping Food & Drink Cities & Towns Outdoors Culture & History Entertainment
Day to Night: Exciting Ways to Explore Atlanta, Georgia
Atlanta, Georgia: Upscale Shopping and Fine Dining
Savannah, Georgia: Shopping, Flavors and Fun
Georgia’s Golden Isles: A Day on St. Simons Island
Savannah: Culture, History and Southern Charm
Classic Southeast: A Road Trip From Atlanta to Charleston
8 Fun Summer Food Festivals in the USA
Historic Dining Rooms With Unforgettable Views
Savannah, Georgia: A City Bursting with Historic Charm
Ask a Chef: Emeril Lagasse’s Favorite Restaurants in the USA
Where Soul Music Meets Soul Food
Finding Your Voice: Cam James on Hip Hop in Atlanta, Georgia
Where to Hear the Blues: Authentic Juke Joints, Dive Bars and Historic Blues Venues
9 Awesome Spots to Celebrate New Year's Eve in the USA
Southern Comfort: Andy Tennant’s Atlanta, Georgia
Tiny Doors in Atlanta, Georgia
Dig for Buried Treasure in the USA
8 Gulf Coast and Southeastern Marine Wildlife Experiences You Can’t Miss
Macon, Georgia: A Holiday Full of Culture and History
See Cumming, Georgia, Through the Eyes of Horse Whisperer Stan Estes
7 Golf Courses with Gorgeous Views
Georgia’s Golden Isles: Enduring Charms on Jekyll Island
Signature Soul Artists and How to Trace Their Steps in the USA
Where to See Dory and Her Fish Friends
Hollywood in Georgia: Tour the Set of Two Popular TV Shows in These Two Cities
Explore trips
Culture Capital, Historic Squares and Tranquil Islands: 3 Captivating Stops in Georgia
Mountain Escape through Georgia and South Carolina
For the Love of Southern Food
Ask a Local: Georgia Transcript
Speaker 1:
This is Atlanta.
One of the places that I love to hang out is the BeltLine. It is actually now a walkable path connecting Old Fourth Ward all the way to Midtown, which has Piedmont Park, and it’s about a 2.2-mile stretch, which is perfect for a jog, a walk. Connecting from one neighborhood to another, there’s so much visual beauty along this path.
The Old Fourth Ward is one of our historic districts in Atlanta. It was established in the 1800s. It is the birthplace of Dr. Martin Luther King. The vibe there is historic, vibrant, colorful; it is culturally beautiful.
In one full day, you can start your morning at Piedmont Park. You can walk from there to Ponce City Market, and you can play a round of miniature golf. From there, you can hop on a bicycle, ride the BeltLine all the way down to Krog Street Market.
If you come to Atlanta, you must eat; you must come with an appetite, an empty belly, because we are going to feed you – because that’s what we do. We’re a big city, a lovely community, and we love to feed.
Welcome to Atlanta.
The first time you explore Savannah, it feels like you’ve stepped into a storybook. It is overwhelmingly beautiful.
To describe Savannah is really to be rooted in the beautiful squares that make up the city because it’s so unique to the United States. We have 22 majestic, beautiful squares with the gardens and homes.
River Street is walking back in time. Walking down the ramps with the cobblestone and coming around Factors Walk, you are in a time capsule mixed in with today’s Savannah. And it is a place to stroll, to take your time, notice the iron, notice the details of River Street.
One of the most beautiful places to walk around in Savannah is the quintessential Jones Street, lined on both sides by big, beautiful, huge Savannah mansions.
I highly recommend if y’all are going to be visiting our City Market is to dine at Belford’s because they have beautiful outdoor seeing. You can do some wonderful people watching, and at the same time, enjoy delicious seafood as well at Belford’s.
Broughton Street is the oldest running shopping district in the United States, and it has lots of locally owned boutiques lining both sides of the street. Paris Market is one of our favorite stores in Savannah to visit. You can find something there that you will treasure for the rest of your life and want to take home with you. And they carry a lot of local artisans there.
Another place is the Savannah Bee Company. I will say one thing that we always do have in our house is Savannah Bee honey.
And they have honey mead! So you can do mead tastings there and then take some home with you.
We take pride is being hospitable and welcoming to those who visit our city. When you visit this city, you’re going to connect with it immediately. The city really is: Come as you are, and we’re going to welcome you with full arms and we will embrace you for who you are. And that’s really what the city is.
Ask a Local: Georgia
From this episode
0:10 Atlanta
1:37 Savannah
Official Georgia Travel Site
US Travel Information
City Tour - Atlanta, Georgia
Rhythms of the South: 3 Cities, 3 Tastes of the Southeast
The Golden Isles: Culture, History and Elegance
The Golden Isles: Discover Elegant Accommodations and Charm
Sandy Springs: Indulge in Music, Dining and Nature
Georgia’s Golden Isles: Ultimate Luxury on Sea Island
Savor the Georgia Ale Trail from Ancient Flavors to Bustling Brews
Dine Here: 4 Historic Gems in the Southeast
5 Great Side-of-the-Road Barbecue Joints
7 Dishes You Must Eat at U.S. Baseball Stadiums
Sweet Escape: USA Chocolate Tour
Festival Guide: Your U.S. Jazz Music Event Primer
9 Cities with Sky-High Experiences
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0032.json.gz/line1826940
|
__label__wiki
| 0.717326
| 0.717326
|
Le Projet Vitra
The Chair Whisperer
About Being a Good Host
The Vitra Colour & Material Library
How Santa Fe Shaped Alexander Girard's Happy Modernist Designs
Functional, but at What Price?
The Individual Desk Is a Dying Breed
Marianne Panton
Tobias Rehberger’s 24-Stop Walk
Architecture for the People
The Gallery Allows Us to Explore New Territory
My Room is my Thinking
Happy Times for Working
Sleeping Friends
Magazine/
Rosewood and Black Glove Leather
A Vitra Anecdote
Historical photographs of the Eames House, which is located in Pacific Palisades, California, provide a wonderful impression of how Charles and Ray Eames lived their life – surrounded by a collage of international folk art, modern furniture design, abstract paintings, toys, patterned textiles and rugs. Their home encapsulated the mid-century modern movement, combining pleasure, colour, personality and charisma with a great sense of humour, playfulness and experimentation.
"Who would say that pleasure is not useful?"
Their home was more than just a home; it was a kind of laboratory, where prototypes from the Eames Office were brought in and out for temporary testing. Many of their designs stayed with them forever, one of which was their treasured Lounge Chair and Ottoman made of rosewood and upholstered with black glove leather.
According to their grandson, Eames Demetrios, rosewood was their favourite type of wood, and they wanted the Lounge Chair and Ottoman to have the ‘warm receptive look of a well-used first baseman’s mitt’.
At the Eames House, the Lounge Chair was hardly ever moved out of their living room and usually pictured in the same spot, with or without Charles and Ray Eames.
The Eameses kept their beloved Lounge Chair for more than 30 years. Today, almost 60 years after its first appearance in their home, it is still on display in the Eames House.
More information on the topic of Eames furniture is found in the "Eames Furniture Sourcebook" and “Essential Eames”, two new publications by the Vitra Design Museum, available in German and English editions from booksellers or directly from the VDM publishing house.
Publication Date: 12.1.2016
Author: Stine Liv Buur
Images: Monique Jacot: Charles and Ray Eames in the Eames House with the Lounge Chair in their favourite material, rosewood and black glove leather, 1959. © Vitra Collections AG.
Plus d’articles du magazine
„Everything is architecture!”
Eames at Barbican
Un essai de Rolf Fehlbaum
What kind of nothing?
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0032.json.gz/line1826941
|
__label__wiki
| 0.594499
| 0.594499
|
Professional competition
Open competition
Youth competition
National & Regional Awards
获奖作品展示
2016年获奖和入围作品
Home » Node » Iceland
© Viktor Einar Vilhelmsson, Iceland, Shortlist, Open competition, Landscape, 2020 Sony World Photography Awards
The National Awards program celebrates local photographic talent in 60+ countries worldwide. It honors stand out single images taken from any of the ten Open competition categories and is an extra opportunity for photographers to be recognized and rewarded at a local and international level.
More than 400 National Award winners and finalists have been given global exposure and opportunity since the program launched eight years ago. Winners receive a variety or prizes, ranging from Sony digital imaging equipment to having their work featured in the Sony World Photography Awards winners book.
- To be eligible for the National Award program, you must hold the nationality of the country of the National Award and currently be residing in the country at the time of the Award.
- All images submitted in any of the ten Open categories of the Sony World Photography Awards are automatically entered into the National Awards program.
Bangladesh - বাংলাদেশ
Bulgaria - България
Cambodia - កម្ពុជា
Estonia - Eesti
Hungary - Magyarország
India - इंडिया
Japan - 日本
Lithuania - Lietuva
Myanmar - မြန်မာ
Nepal - नेपाल
Philippines - Pilipinas
Qatar* - دولة قط
Romania - România
Saudi Arabia* - المملكة العربية السعودية
Slovenia - Slovenija
South Africa - Suid-Afrika
Sri Lanka - ශ්රී ලංකාව - இலங்கை
Taiwan - 台灣
Thailand - ประเทศไทย
United Arab Emirates* - الإمارات العربية المتحدة
Vietnam - Việt Nam
THE 2021 AWARDS ARE NOW CLOSED. SIGN UP TO OUR NEWSLETTER TO STAY UPDATED WITH ANNOUNCEMENTS
关于索尼世界摄影大赛
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0032.json.gz/line1826952
|
__label__cc
| 0.717619
| 0.282381
|
(+1) 646.705.3641
appointments@writeforthefuture.com
WFTF News
Finding the Right Questions for My Own Discoveries
By Rebecca Shaevitz
In third grade, my curious eye helped me catch a seemingly innocent, but unsettling dichotomy. All the black girls were in the step class. All the white girls were in ballet or tap. My desire to join the step class further exacerbated my confusion over this self-segregation. But I also recognized a line that I wasn’t supposed to cross. It was the first time I recognized my desire to understand complexities in my world as an innate part of my identity.
Since third grade, I’ve embraced opportunities to engage with varying perspectives and to understand difference in my world. In ninth grade, I traveled with my temple youth group to Selma, Alabama for three days to learn about the Civil Rights Movement. We met with Joanne Bland, a civil rights activist and the youngest person to march on Bloody Sunday in 1965. We marched with Joanne across the Edmund Pettus Bridge and as we reflected on the events of such a monumental day, she told us her story. She ended by saying, “As a human being, it is your responsibility to fix the world’s problems. Each of you must make a difference.” I pondered what I would have done had I been there; I hope I’d have marched alongside Joanne but I have no real way of knowing.
After these events, I once again found myself considering my place and whether or not I could be proud of my actions. I became aware that just as my New York City liberal upbringing has shaped me, those who have differing perspectives from my own were also shaped by their cultures. I grew weary of the anti-conservative rhetoric that permeated my academic environment. While I agreed with my peers’ social views, the condemnation of the other side made me feel as if I was denying myself the opportunity to understand other people. I had no expectation of assuming the perspectives of the “other” but I hoped to comprehend how their experiences had shaped them. Joanne had asked each of us to make a difference. The difference I would make, I decided, was to bridge a gap between my life and the lives of people from backgrounds far different from my own.
My desire to connect with the “other” motivated me to travel to the South this summer on Etgar 36, an educational program which brings Jewish students to activists on all sides of major social and political issues. Discussing abortion or gun control with a Pro-Life activist or an NRA representative was difficult because these individuals were so removed from my own understanding of these issues. However, this distance made my determination to understand the other person and the other perspective much stronger. As my self-awareness grew, so did my discomfort at my limited experiences. It was difficult to look inwards and realize that just as the “other” struggles to understand me, my own experiences or lack thereof can be roadblocks to understanding them. However, while I didn’t see eye to eye with the activists, I walked away having pushed myself to engage them.
I will continue to uncover my own prejudices in the hopes of building bridges with those who are removed from my reality. My curiosity provides both a lens through which to view myself and a basis for forming relationships with others. My desire to understand the complexities of my world began in third grade at a time when I didn’t have the vocabulary to address my confusion. Today, with the help of Joanne’s message, I know that the differences I face can be overcome with an open mind and a willingness to ask difficult questions.
Rebecca Shaevitz, a 2016 graduate of The Dalton School, is a freshman at Washington University in St. Louis.
August 26, 2016 | Filed under Essay of the Week.
Home | About Our Programs | Testimonials | Acceptances | Sample Essays | Workshops | Blog | Request a Consultation
All content © 2021 by Write For The Future
Powered byWordPress Security Services
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0032.json.gz/line1826955
|
__label__wiki
| 0.819936
| 0.819936
|
Yahoo Chief Weighs Microsoft Proposals
May 29, 2008 12:01 am ET
CARLSBAD, Calif. -- Yahoo Inc. Chief Executive Jerry YangundefinedWednesday admitted to mixed feelings about the withdrawal of Microsoft Corp.'s merger bid and reiterated Yahoo continues to consider Microsoft proposals for various partnerships.
Mr. Yang, appearing at The Wall Street Journal D: All Things Digital conference here, attributed the failed negotiations to more than the disputed price. While price was "the most public issue," he said "regulatory issues and a number of other things" were also concerns. He stressed that it was Microsoft, not Yahoo, that walked away from the negotiating table.
In his first extensive public discussion of the merger, Mr. Yang said the Sunnyvale, Calif., company has changed for the better as a result of the furor over the bid. "In many ways it has pulled us together as a company," he said. He said the company had no details to announce about a possible search advertising deal with Google.
Mr. Yang's remarks came on the second day of a conference that heard technology executives hail their companies' staying power despite economic weakness. Michael S. Dell, chairman and founder of Dell Inc., Howard Stringer, chief executive of Sony Corp. , and Amazon.com Inc. Chairman Jeffrey P. Bezos took turns promoting their companies' new directions and technologies.
Mr. Dell said the computer maker is reaping the benefits of a recent reorganization and is growing faster in the U.S. than its rivals. Although displaced in world-wide, PC-unit sales by Hewlett-Packard Co. , Mr. Dell insisted the Austin, Texas, PC maker still leads by revenue and its outlook remains strong due to a focus on diversifying its businesses.
30% off your weekly or weekend rental with enhanced sanitization - Hertz promo code
Booking.com:
Booking.com coupon: 50% off rates + free cancellations
Priceline:
Earn a 10% Priceline coupon and book today
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0032.json.gz/line1826956
|
__label__wiki
| 0.649185
| 0.649185
|
[2] => lifestyle
[3] => wyza-life
[4] => old-meets-young-the-new-playgroup
[name] => WYZA life
[slug] => wyza-life
[cat_name] => WYZA life
[category_nicename] => wyza-life
check====wyza-life
Lifestyle ⁄ WYZA life
Old meets young: the new playgroup
A new program from a group of aged care facilities unites residents with young children in an innovative way to join the generations
By Lynne Testoni
There’s been a number of inspirational stories about inter-generational facilities floating about on social media recently. One of the best examples is a retirement village in The Netherlands that allows students to live there for free in return for 30 hours or so a week of doing tasks such as arranging dinner for their elderly housemates as well as generally just spending time with the residents and 'being a good neighbour'.
The results of these interactions have been incredibly positive, with both generations greatly benefiting from the program.
So, how can we take these inspiring examples of mixing generations and bring them to Australia? One innovative NSW aged care group has taken on the challenge with a new inter-generational playgroup.
SummitCare, which has nine facilities throughout NSW, has just started up a playgroup in its residential aged care centre in Wallsend with a select group of residents and local families. Activities include music, singing, art activities and stories.
General Manager of SummitCare Wallsend, Glenn Kirkman says that the benefits of the program have been great – both for their residents and the visiting young families.
“It has been really positive – everyone’s enjoying it,” Kirkman says. “It’s been wonderful to see these effectively grandparent-aged people engaged with babies and toddlers.”
The program, which is being run in conjunction with Playgroup NSW, is still in its early stages – less than three months – but Kirkman says their centre is committed to the playgroup in the long term.
“We have currently got about 12 families that are coming regularly, and bringing them into the aged care facility has opened up a very different world that they weren’t familiar with.” Kirkman says he also hopes that programs such as the playgroup will help to remove some of the stigma that’s attached to aged care.
“Effectively it’s allowing some residents who don’t get a lot of visitation to have young kids come in and they get to touch them, play with them and have positive interactions,” he says.
Humanitus Deventer in The Netherlands promotes intergenerational living between students and aged care residents (Image: Humanitus Deventer)
So does he see lots of benefits for the residents of the centre? “Absolutely,” he adds. “There has been some research, but clearly it gives a level of engagement that they don’t normally get. It has a very positive effect on memories and recollections, so it takes them back to a different era, when they themselves were parents.”
“I think that social engagement is a really valuable thing. There is clear evidence it helps with behaviours and there are some cognitive benefits, particularly for those with dementia. There’s less depression; it has been really positive to start – everyone’s enjoying it.”
Parents of the playgroup children have also had the opportunity to make friends and create a network, as well as learn about the life stories of the elderly residents.
Kirkman also mentioned an unexpected positive element of the playgroup – it has helped residents to engage more fully with staff members who have had families, as they have been among the families coming to the group.
“There have been some of our staff members who have had babies,” he adds, “so they have been able to bring their kiddies in, so that’s nice.”
Wallsend SummitCare is a high-care residential facility with 142 residents. Kirman says that his facility will be doing a report for the group and there is a possibility it will be rolled out to more centres down the track.
“Based on the results of this centre they will review that and look to implement that across SummitCare,” he says. “There would be no reason why not from our centre’s point of view.”
Have you seen benefits in multi-generational programs? Share your stories below.
Why social interaction improves your health as you age
Changes to HomeCare: what you need to know
Take retirement village living for a test run
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0032.json.gz/line1826959
|
__label__wiki
| 0.683456
| 0.683456
|
Read an excerpt of this book!
Historic Preservation in Indiana: Essays from the Field
by Nancy R. Hiller, Henry Glassie, Bill Sturbaum, Teresa Miller, Elizabeth SchlemmerNancy R. Hiller
| Editorial Reviews
NOOK Book(eBook)
$8.99 $9.99 Save 10% Current price is $8.99, Original price is $9.99. You Save 10%.
NOOK Book
View All Available Formats & Editions
Sign in to Purchase Instantly
Available on Compatible NOOK Devices and the free NOOK Apps.
NOOK Devices
NOOK Tablet 7" & 10.1"
NOOK by Samsung Galaxy Tab 7.0 [Tab A and Tab 4]
NOOK by Samsung [Tab 4 10.1, S2 & E]
NOOK HD Tablet
NOOK HD+ Tablet
NOOK Tablet
Free NOOK Reading Apps
NOOK for Windows 8
NOOK for iOS
NOOK for Android
NOOK Kids for iPad
PC or Mac
NOOK for PC
WANT A NOOK? Explore Now
Get Free NOOK Book Sample
English 0253010675
8.99 In Stock
Over the last half century, historic preservation has been on the rise in American cities and towns, from urban renewal and gentrification projects to painstaking restoration of Victorian homes and architectural landmarks. In this book, Nancy R. Hiller brings together individuals with distinctive styles and perspectives, to talk about their passion for preservation. They consider the meaning of place and what motivates those who work to save and care for places; the role of place in the formation of identity; the roles of individuals and organizations in preserving homes, neighborhoods, and towns; and the spiritual as well as economic benefits of preservation. Richly illustrated, Historic Preservation in Indiana is an essential book for everyone who cares about preserving the past for future generations.
Indiana University Press
Nancy R. Hiller is a cabinetmaker and principal designer at her firm, NR Hiller Design, Inc. She is author of A Home of Her Own (IUP, 2011) and The Hoosier Cabinet in Kitchen History (IUP, 2009) and has published in numerous period design and woodworking magazines, including American Bungalow, Old House Interiors, and Fine Woodworking.
Kristen Clement is a natural light photographer based in Bloomington, Indiana.
Historic Preservation in Indiana
Essays from the Field
By Nancy R. Hiller, Kristen Clement
Copyright © 2013 Indiana University Press
Henry Glassie
Historic preservation is a natural aspect of human existence, an inevitable result of our being creatures of memory and intention. We select and protect things to locate ourselves in time, in space, in society. The old woman on a green hill in Ireland washes weekly and displays daily her precious collection of plates; each was a gift and together they map her connections to family and friends, both living and dead. The young Turkish woman in a rocky mountain village folds into a studded chest her gathering of textiles, embroidered or woven by her grandmother, her aunt, her beloved sister. The Chinese potter fills his cramped apartment with antique crocks and jars that heal the rupture of the Cultural Revolution and provide him models for creation. The old soldier polishes his granddaddy's sword. The jazz master still has the trombone he played in the high school band. I have the family Bible, inscribed in different hands between the testaments with the dates of births and deaths running back to the eighteenth century. The things we save position us in the flow of time, helping us remember the past and imagine the future, keeping us balanced for contingency, sane and ready.
The spirit in small, portable, cherished things becomes steady in space when we hold to the plot of ground into which the ancestors plowed their sweat and hope, when we choose not to raze the old home-place, though it is empty of all but ghosts and junk, or when we make the living home, loud with children, into a familial exhibit. Through the things assembled into a domestic setting – heirlooms and souvenirs, proud purchases and framed family photos – we read ourselves and project an image to all who cross the threshold.
Personal and familial urges to save, collect, and display blend with communal purpose in the buildings we accept as emblems of collective identity and value. The museum comes quickly to mind; but more general in the world, reaching wider in space and deeper in time, are the places of worship where time accumulates in the context of eternity and preservation is a communal obligation. The sacred building shelters a collection – images in the temple, carpets on the floor of the mosque – making it into a museum with a constantly changing exhibition of art, a testament to collective aesthetics. The building's form and ornament embody collaborative aspirations, signaling local desires as they change or hold steady. In England, 18,000 parish churches combine into a record of local efforts at preservation and development that have continued for the better part of a millennium.
Preservation and development: in our time, these forces can purify into conflict between preservationists who can abide nothing new in their historical experience and developers who can abide nothing old that blocks their path to profit. But in the history of the parish church these forces meshed in a process within the community's control, a control like that of the householder today who saves some things and jettisons others while remodeling the family home to meet shifts of fashion and need. The main differences lay in the large number of people involved and the long spans of time during which preservation and development ran in accord within the parish church.
Fixed in place, on holy ground where the old folks lay buried, the parish church gave permanent form to religious ritual, stepping down from tower to nave to chancel. Within the building's constant frame, the parishioners preserved the ancient font where generation after generation came into communal life and the monuments to the dead that trace a sequence of artistic styles. Communal prosperity was celebrated by increasing the height of the tower, developments in engineering brought wider windows that welcomed more light, ideas drifting from France and Italy inspired alterations in ornamentation, but the building's basic form held firm. The parish church was old and new, preserved and developed by collective effort into a public architectural symbol of corporate identity.
In normal times, arguments in the village for stability or change were resolved in a forward process that honored both preservation and development, a process general in the world's places of worship that makes them historical treasures. But customary practices can be violently disrupted in revolutionary moments. The Reformation was such a time. The altars were stripped, the walls whitewashed; Catholic imagery gave way to the Protestant word. At Stratford, Shakespeare's father was the unwilling agent for such radical change. Then, three centuries later, attempts to recover what had been lost led to the Gothic Revival in new building and acts of restoration during which old churches were rebuilt to match the ideal of a Gothic past.
A chief consequence of restorations that scraped away change to reveal an imagined original was Anti-Scrape, the Society for the Protection of Ancient Buildings, the first modern movement for historic preservation. William Morris, who founded the Society in 1877, considered ancient buildings to be living history; they should be repaired, he thought, new uses should be found for them, but they should be protected against falsification, the fatal vanity of restoration.
Several of England's parish churches provided key evidence during the argument for historic preservation. William Morris's outraged reaction to the restoration of Burford Church in Oxfordshire is the story normally told, since it led directly to the creation of Anti-Scrape. Here is another.
Saint Petrock, one of the Irish saints who brought the Good News to England, established his church at Parracombe in Devon. What remains from the time of the saint, fifteen centuries ago, is the sacred earth on which, in time, a parish church was raised in the traditional form: tower on the west, chancel on the east, the high hall of the nave in between. To the west along the southern wall, the building offers an informal entry. Stand there, look in, and you will see the eleventh-century font, a thirteenth-century rood screen, sixteenth-century benches and windows, a seventeenth-century tympanum bearing the Ten Commandments, eighteenth-century pews, and neoclassical memorials from the early nineteenth century – a richly mixed accumulation, the materialization of local craft and concern, a profound historical text.
As the story was told to me when I made my pilgrimage to Saint Petrock's, during the nineteenth century when it was fashionable to scrape old churches back to a fancied pure state, the people of Parracombe invited John Ruskin to come and advise them on how to restore their church. Ruskin was by then a famous author, an art historian who united aesthetics and morality in evaluation. Two decades earlier he had published The Stones of Venice, and the book's chapter on the nature of Gothic architecture was, William Morris would write, "one of the very few necessary and inevitable utterances of the century." Ruskin's advice was to build, if they wished, a new church in the Gothic manner, which the parishioners did in 1878, but to leave Saint Petrock's alone. And so it remains in all of its complexity, an object lesson for preservationists.
One lesson taught by Saint Petrock's leads to the Anti-Scrape position, adopted on our shores by the Society for the Preservation of New England Antiquities. From the standpoint of history, it is best to stabilize old buildings and preserve them as they stand, as records of original production and subsequent alteration. It is reasonable to search for old buildings that remain near their original state, for they take us into direct encounter with the culture of the past, but it is unreasonable to restore them, if restoration means the removal of healthy old fabric and its replacement with new, and unreasonable to judge a building unworthy of preservation because modifications obscure its original character. Those modifications render the building, like Saint Petrock's, more historical, not less.
Consider a local case. On Kirkwood Avenue, the commercial strip linking the courthouse square with the campus of the university in downtown Bloomington, Indiana, stood one last, lone, old house. It was a perfect example of an I-house, named by the geographer Fred Kniffen for its high, narrow profile. As an architectural feature of the landscape, the I-house brings southern Indiana into the master region of the southeastern United States. From the middle of the eighteenth century through much of the nineteenth, I-houses sheltered prosperous families on the farms and in the towns, changing in ornament, but holding steady in form, like the old parish church. The house on Kirkwood, most recently meeting commercial needs, stood empty on a piece of property that the officers of the adjacent bank wished to convert into yet another parking lot. The plan of the I-house runs a hallway between balanced rooms, and when demolition began it was discovered that one of the rooms had been a log cabin, a rare survival from the earliest days of settlement. Not enough of the cabin remained to permit its restoration into a pioneer monument, and so demolition proceeded with but slight protest from the city's preservationists.
An excellent opportunity was missed. The house stood on a busy street, near the city's center. If it had been saved and adapted gently for new commercial use, the house could have told the story of Bloomington's development, teaching of the change from a log cabin that evoked the settlement phase, to a stately vernacular dwelling from the town's first period of comfort and prosperity, to a commercial site, fit to the city's present. The house's complexity – a cabin, buried in a house, converted into a shop – made it, like Saint Petrock's, more historical, more valuable, not less.
Here is Saint Petrock's second lesson. An old building, tolerantly preserved, it informs us about past practice, teaching about a time when preservation and development combined into a single process, and history took care of itself. As a result we have many buildings – Todai-ji in Nara, the Sri Minakshi Sundaresvara Temple in Madurai, Hagia Sophia in Istanbul, Santa Sabina in Rome – that are more than a thousand years old and still in use. Restoration and movements for historic preservation belong to moments of catastrophe and disruptive change. Buildings bombed in wartime require concerted acts of restoration. Buildings left behind or aside during eras of dramatic change call for the laws and actions of organized preservationists.
Rome provides an early instance of the situation we face today. The city became Christian, the empire collapsed, and ancient pagan monuments were left standing around. Some were preserved by being put to new uses. The Pantheon, rebuilt in Hadrian's day, became the church of Saint Mary of the Martyrs, surviving to serve as a model for the Rotunda of Mr. Jefferson's university in Charlottesville. The Temple of the Deified Romulus was repurposed into a vestibule for the Church of Saints Cosmas and Damian. The Arch of Titus, erected in the Forum to commemorate the fall of Jerusalem, was built into a fortification and later provided walls of support for private houses. But there were others. In their attitudes toward the antique monuments for which no practical use had been found, the popes, now the princes of Rome, differed. Some plundered the monuments for materials to use in new projects; others, though, issued edicts – key documents in the history of preservation – that ensured the preservation of some monuments for historical reasons. And so, enough of ancient Rome remained to entice centuries of tourists, including Edward Gibbon, who, standing amid the ruins, was inspired to write his masterpiece, The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire.
In the far Roman past, then, we find two motives for historic preservation, two reasons to save old buildings that have endured though a cataclysmic change. One might be called practical, the other symbolic, but both are varieties of use. Old buildings can be renovated to fulfill practical functions, becoming part of contemporary life, and old buildings can be used symbolically to construct an idea of the past that undergirds contemporary life.
By being put to some use in the present, buildings are most likely to survive from the past. And a benefit follows for those who protect or interpret them, who restore or convert them, who live or work in them: they come into engagement with history, learning that they are, like the people of the past who built or remodeled, responsible participants in time's ongoing motion.
Conversions for practical use are hard to manage, but not hard to defend and conceptualize in the light of the writings of James Marston Fitch, to my mind the greatest of American preservationists. If the fabric is sturdy and the adaptations to new need are performed with respect, preservation for some stretch of the future is assured. Symbolic use, though, is deeply vexed, for to call it historic preservation, and not preservation simple, some notion of the historic is necessary. The popes did not favor the retention of everything old, but of those monuments, such as the Arch of Constantine, that gestured to an imperial past and supported their temporal power in the present.
That is, the preservation of buildings to meet the practical needs of shelter and the symbolic needs of the ruling class, which are always tumbled in the flux of economic and political priorities, will not yield an architectural range, will not incorporate an idea of the historic, adequate to a democratic society.
This is what I mean. Forty-five years ago, I traversed the landscape of Virginia to locate an area that could stand as a core sample of the region-lying east of the Blue Ridge, south of the Susquehanna Flats, and north of Albemarle Sound. Then I surveyed the area, taking photographs in great numbers, making a schematic record of all 338 houses, and drawing carefully measured plans of representative examples. Three years ago, I returned with a filmmaker, Dave Ellsworth, who planned to make a movie about the book in which I reported my findings, a book that used architecture to challenge conventional historical understandings. Having recently witnessed massive destruction on landscapes I had surveyed earlier in Alabama and Ireland, I was apprehensive on my return to Virginia, but relieved to find that many of the old houses remained. But not all, and there was a pattern in loss. I had chosen the area for its architectural range: it had small houses as well as grand. Only the larger houses had survived. Some of the grand houses that had been derelict and, I thought, beyond recall, like the Parrish mansion, built in 1711 and rebuilt in 1786, had been tastefully restored, but the small houses, like Sam Dabney's, built around 1770 – the smallest houses, every one of them, were gone. The effort to save the old houses fit to contemporary use had created a landscape that told a story of prosperous white people, from which the poor, white or black, had been eliminated. The landscape had changed to echo the history found in books.
Homeowners in Virginia, like Dan and Mary Bouton, Ann M. Bradshaw Eley, and Fred and Pam Richardson, who were alert to historical significance, had done all that private enterprise can do. The landscape no longer offered a sharp contrast to written history; the smaller houses, unsuitable to the lives of people prosperous enough to restore old homes carefully, had vanished, but many important vernacular houses had been saved. To do more within the frame of preservation for practical use would have required the coordinated effort of an organization for historic preservation.
My town has such an organization, Bloomington Restorations, Incorporated. The fine houses, Italianate in form, Queen Anne in ornamentation, that line North Washington Street have been handsomely refurbished by their owners in the way that houses a century older have been in Virginia. But in its Affordable Housing Program, with the leadership of Steve Wyatt and Don Granbois, BRI has crafted a connection between housing laws and historic preservation regulations to restore small, modest houses and make them available at low cost to people who live on a limited budget. The program balances tendencies toward the grand in preservation, widening the scope of inclusion, but the limit of preservation for practical use has been reached, and some buildings still stand beyond. I have, in my time, watched the disappearance of workshops and woodsheds, stables and garages from the back alleys, buildings that could have taught much about domestic life, industry, and transportation in the city's history.
History, to be clear, is not the past, most of which has gone without a trace, but a story about the past designed to be useful in the present, and the things called historic, whether wordy documents or mute artifacts, are the materials out of which an idea of the past can be constructed. The question that remains concerns the historic. Made pragmatic, that question is, which buildings deserve preservation? The European answer is this: every building that exhibits the culture of its place.
Excerpted from Historic Preservation in Indiana by Nancy R. Hiller, Kristen Clement. Copyright © 2013 Indiana University Press. Excerpted by permission of Indiana University Press.
Foreword by Duncan Campbell
Introduction Nancy R. Hiller
1. Historic Preservation Henry Glassie
2. Economics and Restoration: The Story of a Neighborhood's Rebirth Bill Sturbaum
3. Ode to a Bungalow Teresa Miller
4. The Old Library Debate: How Bloomington, Indiana Preserved Its Carnegie Library
Elizabeth Schlemmer
5. On Loan from the Sea Scott Russell Sanders
6. Industrial Muncie Cynthia Brubaker
7. Preservation as Good Business Gayle Cook
8. Passing Through: Historic Preservation in Pike County's Patoka Bottoms Edith Sarra
9. "Where's the Porch?" and Other Intersections between Archaeology and Historic Preservation Cheryl Munson
10. Preservation in Our Parks: A Natural Fit Vicki Basman and Benjamin Clark
11. Bloomington Restorations: Saving Landmarks, Neighborhoods, and Bloomington's Sense of Place
Donald Granbois and Steve Wyatt
12. Guinea Hens in the Churchyard: Signposts of Maple Grove Road Lauren Coleman
13. No Place Like Home: Preservation, the Past, and Personal Identity David Brent Johnson
What People are Saying About This
Historic Preservation Program Manager, City of Bloomington, Indiana - Nancy Hiestand
Indiana is called home by individuals whose larger careers and production have been influential in the broader national discussion of public history and architecture. These reflections on the quality of place illustrate how the experience of environment for all of us is a series of choices made by regular citizens.
Editor-in-Chief, Old-House Journal - Demetra Aposporos
Successful preservation doesn't happen in a vacuum—and yet the importance of individual efforts cannot be overstated, either. Through a series of compelling essays, Historic Preservation in Indiana shows us both the far-reaching ripples of one person's singular endeavors, and what can be accomplished when entire communities ride waves of preservation education and triumphs.
Vice President of Preservation Services, Indiana Landmarks - Mark Dollase
This is a must-read for anyone seeking to save meaningful places. This collection of fine essays on historic preservation motivates, provokes, and inspires the reader to become engaged with their own built environment. The authors collectively profile the challenges and solutions of revitalizing neighborhoods and downtowns, as well as our agricultural and industrial surroundings.
If you've ever wondered about some of our historic buildings that were almost lost, take a look at Historic Preservation in Indiana. If you've ever wanted a powerfully written book to explain that pride in history, take a look at Historic Preservation in Indiana.
Little Indiana
This volume will provide interested readers, in Indiana and elsewhere, an introduction to a variety of approaches to and venues for historic preservation. Useful as a resource for local historic preservation socieites or for the interested newcomer, it would also make a fine contribution to a college course in historic preservation or public history. Largely eschewing theory and technical discussions, all of the essays are accessible and most are quite readable, while showing careful consideration of significant issues.
Northwest Ohio History
"Indiana is called home by individuals whose larger careers and production have been influential in the broader national discussion of public history and architecture. These reflections on the quality of place illustrate how the experience of environment for all of us is a series of choices made by regular citizens." —Nancy Hiestand, Historic Preservation Program Manager, City of Bloomington, Indiana
"This is a must-read for anyone seeking to save meaningful places. This collection of fine essays on historic preservation motivates, provokes, and inspires the reader to become engaged with their own built environment. The authors collectively profile the challenges and solutions of revitalizing neighborhoods and downtowns, as well as our agricultural and industrial surroundings." —Mark Dollase
, Vice President of Preservation Services, Indiana Landmarks
Mark Dollase
Nancy Hiestand
"Successful preservation doesn't happen in a vacuum—and yet the importance of individual efforts cannot be overstated, either. Through a series of compelling essays, Historic Preservation in Indiana shows us both the far-reaching ripples of one person’s singular endeavors, and what can be accomplished when entire communities ride waves of preservation education and triumphs." —Demetra Aposporos
, Editor-in-Chief, Old-House Journal
Demetra Aposporos
indiana university press book
a shostakovich casebook
book by nancy m wingfield
book by daniel dor
book by loren r graham
book by orpha ochse
A Refuge in Thunder: Candomblé and Alternative Spaces
[An important] detailing of the development and evolution of a major institution of the African ...
[An important] detailing of the development and evolution of a major institution of the African Diaspora [and] of Brazilian and Afro-Brazilian identity. —Sheila S. WalkerThe Afro-Brazilian religion Candomblé has long been recognized as an extraordinary resource of African tradition, values, ...
Alternative Globalizations: Eastern Europe and the Postcolonial
Globalization has become synonymous with the seemingly unfettered spread of capitalist multinationals, but this focus ...
Globalization has become synonymous with the seemingly unfettered spread of capitalist multinationals, but this focus on the West and western economies ignores the wide variety of globalizing projects that sprang up in the socialist world as a consequence of the ...
Bad Man Ballad
The time is 1813, during America's last war with England; the place is the Ohio ...
The time is 1813, during America's last war with England; the place is the Ohio Valley, the thickly wooded, hilly, creek-carved highway of western settlement. Wolves still howl at midnight on village greens. Each log cabin is a fortress, and ...
Bloomington: Remember When
Bloomington: Remember When examines the city of Bloomington, Indiana—its array of people, places, and interesting ...
Bloomington: Remember When examines the city of Bloomington, Indiana—its array of people, places, and interesting features—and the countless changes it has endured through the decades. Through insightful stories, interviews, archive photography, and compelling videography, viewers visit a bygone ...
Dante Alighieri's Divine Comedy, Volume 5 and Volume
Volume 5. Paradise: Italian Text with Verse TranslationVolume 6. Paradise: Notes and CommentaryMark Musa's vivid ...
Volume 5. Paradise: Italian Text with Verse TranslationVolume 6. Paradise: Notes and CommentaryMark Musa's vivid two-volume verse translation of and commentary on the Paradiso completes Indiana's six-volume edition of the Divine Comedy. Musa has revised his earlier version, long cited ...
The Feminism and Socialism of Lily Braun
. . . a warm, interesting, intellectual biography . . . —German Studies Review . ...
. . . a warm, interesting, intellectual biography . . . —German Studies Review . . . thoughtful analysis . . . fine book . . . —Slavic ReviewThe remarkable life of the maverick German socialist feminist Lily Braun (1865–1916) ...
Inez: The Life and Times of Inez Milholland
Inez Milholland was the most glamorous suffragist of the 1910s and a fearless crusader for ...
Inez Milholland was the most glamorous suffragist of the 1910s and a fearless crusader for women's rights. Moving in radical circles, she agitated for social change in the prewar years, and she epitomized the independent New Woman of the time. ...
Intifada Hits the Headlines: How the Israeli Press
In this nuanced and detailed study of newspaper reporting during the escalation of the second ...
In this nuanced and detailed study of newspaper reporting during the escalation of the second Intifada in the fall of 2000, Daniel Dor shows how real events are subject to distortion and manipulation by the media. In an analysis of ...
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0032.json.gz/line1826962
|
__label__wiki
| 0.585079
| 0.585079
|
Inda Eaton returns to Casper May 7
Uncategorized | April 22, 2011
May 7, 2011 • 7:30 p.m.Kelly WalshHigh School Auditorium
Acoustic rock artist Inda Eaton receives nationwide critical acclaim for her innovative songwriting – often compared to a fusion of John Mellencamp and Melissa Etheridge.
Inda and her band have opened for names such as Hootie and the Blowfish, LeAnn Rimes, Smashmouth, Chicago and John Hiatt.
Performing original work and featuring guests from the Casper and New York neighborhoods, she will debut music from the upcoming, sixth independent album.
“… Inda Eaton, a uniquely talented singer/songwriter who played to a full house. Eaton writes songs that are a little Indigo Girls, a little Springsteen, but largely-her. I was struck by how accessible the tunes were without being trite or simplistic. These were perfectly structured songs with good lyrics that led the first-time listener easily from section to section. Eaton’s vocals and stage presence are confident and highly likable.” –TalkHouse
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0032.json.gz/line1826963
|
__label__cc
| 0.549409
| 0.450591
|
Nick Cordero’s spouse says he has suffered a well being setback
“Nick has had a nasty morning,” she mentioned. “Sadly, issues are going downhill in the mean time, so I’m asking once more for all of the prayers, mega-prayers, proper now.”
“Please cheer and please pray for Nick right now, and I do know that this virus shouldn’t be going to get him down,” Kloots mentioned, wiping tears from her eyes. “It isn’t how his story ends, so simply preserve us in your ideas and prayers right now.”
Kloots, who’s a health coach, didn’t present extra particulars about her husband’s well being. However she has beforehand mentioned that Cordero awakened from his medically induced coma this month, and continues to be preventing a lingering lung an infection.
Cordero was nominated for a Tony Award in 2014 for his function in “Bullets Over Broadway.” He is additionally appeared on tv in episodes of “Blue Bloods,” “Legislation & Order: Particular Victims Unit” and “Lilyhammer.”
Followers used the hashtag #WakeUpNick to share messages of hope for the actor, and later, after he awakened, the hashtag #offthevent to wish for him to get off the ventilator.
Kloots mentioned Cordero had no pre-existing well being situations earlier than he examined optimistic for coronavirus, and has at all times been wholesome.
He has since examined unfavourable for coronavirus, however is constant to battle issues from it. Among the issues embrace septic shock, “mini-strokes” and a leg amputation, his spouse mentioned.
Dolly Parton turns 75 – CNN
Alec Baldwin leaves Twitter after uproar over spouse’s heritage
Phil Spector: Grammy-winning music producer and convicted assassin dies
Marvel, like ‘WandaVision,’ seems to be to the long run whereas holding on to the previous
Noah Centineo will get tonsils eliminated after ‘power tonsillitis and strep throat’
Steve Martin has ‘Excellent news/Unhealthy information’ about getting vaccinated
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0032.json.gz/line1826965
|
__label__cc
| 0.663385
| 0.336615
|
Michelle (GTA IV)
March 25, 2019 November 23, 2020 Dating
Grand Theft Auto IV Cheats
Gta Release Date Predicted By Euro Retailers
GTA 4 cheats – cars, wanted level, helicopter, guns, Lost and Damned and Gay Tony codes
GTA IV: Secrets FAQ – Guide for Grand Theft Auto IV
Grand Theft Auto 4 cheat codes
After such a long time, we’ve heard that the GTA 6 story has been finished – but we do not have any news on a release date yet. Be sure to watch our wide variety of Mobile content here! The truth is We’re still a couple of years away from an announcement. I can’t see the announcement coming until fiscal at the earliest. Ironically while he is talking about the content you’re currently reading, he makes a great point that GTA 6 is probably a long way from releasing. With GTA 5 Online arriving on next-generation consoles, while still thriving, there appears to be no real rush for Rockstar Games to produce the next game. According to a report by tweaktown.
The next Grand Theft Auto could be over a year away if retailer placeholder dates are anything to go by. January 9, Newswire. While this is not the first time a technology company has hired someone that has been nothing but trouble for their product or service, it’s our opinion that a few things can be learned here in the gaming industry, and especially with the upcoming GTA 5 release. We’ve seen hackers hired when they cause problems to different game networks around the world, and without naming stories or brands, you may remember a youth that was apparently hired, then denied, last year after hacking a game server for a popular console game.
Whatever the deals are behind closed doors, you can be sure that Microsoft, Sony, and other brands would want to learn from those that breach security or enhance games in a way not done so by the development team.
The next Grand Theft Auto could be over a year away if retailer placeholder dates are You can see a few videos below this article that showcase the GTA IV.
GTA 6 seems pretty inevitable at this point. Rockstar has sold nearly million copies of GTA 5 and when the Epic Game Store made it the weekly freebie the entire store crashed with folks looking to snag a seven year old game. So yeah, we imagine that Rockstar is planning to follow up that unending success with another game for the grand thefting series at some point.
The next GTA likely won’t be ready until well into the next console generation. At the moment there are very few specifics out there, but the Housers and other Rockstar devs have spoken in roundabout terms about the GTA series generally—maybe we can tease out a few clues. Well we’re certainly a long way off guessing dates at this stage but we might be able to start trying to pinpoint a year, at least.
Not many games in T2’s stable would call in that kind of cash. It’s the type of figure you’d expect for their next huge release.
Rockstar’s magnum opus is a modern-day masterpiece that could change the way the world views videogames. Read Review. There are now four boroughs to explore plus extra area outside of Liberty City proper. With the ability to climb obstacles, drive cars, steer boats and pilot helicopters, the world of GTA is more accessible than ever before.
In this fourth installment of the popular series, players take on the role of Niko Bellic, a rough-around-the-edge chap from Eastern Europe.
Effect, Code. a dating website, free themes for Niko’s phone & ringtones for $ each, Weapon, health, armor.
It presented one of the most detailed open worlds at the time of release and introduced several features that have now become mainstays of the GTA and Red Dead franchises. Additionally, if you have any cheat codes that we might have missed, feel free to get in touch. With the introduction of the mobile phone, Rockstar has allowed players to enter cheats as phone numbers.
All you need to do is open the phone menu, enter the call number corresponding to the cheat you wish to trigger, and press call. Once you have, you just need to spawn cars using cheats and park them in his garage to earn money, easy! There you have it, all of the Cheat codes you can use in GTA 4. Jake is a former freelance writer who now heads up guides for USG.
He spends his days dreaming of an X-Files dating-sim and will play literally any game with monkeys in it.
And finally the list of beauties 1. Denise Robinson. Denise is the first girl you will meet in the game. You’ll get to know her in the Burning Desire mission, when you save her from the burning house that you actually set on fire. She doesn’t have any requirements about your looks, and she doesn’t care where you take her, just avoid the Burger.
Grand Theft Auto IV is a action-adventure game developed by Rockstar North and The smartphone is also used to access the game’s online multiplayer mode, and to enter cheat codes. On 2 August , Take-Two announced that Grand Theft Auto IV would miss its original release date of 16 October
You can visit our site without giving any personal information. Personal data are only collected if you voluntarily inform us during your visit to our website. In addition, Cheat-GTA. The user can voluntarily also provide information on name, city and country of origin, which also remain stored. On request, we will gladly and promptly request information about your data stored by us and inform you immediately which data we have stored about you.
If your data is not subject to a statutory retention obligation, we will delete your personal stored data immediately. We ask for your understanding for this legal procedure. If you have any questions, you can contact us by e-mail at webmaster cheat-gta. We use third parties to serve ads when you visit our website. These companies may use information about your visits to this and other sites, but not your name, address, email address or phone number, to display ads about products and services that you may be interested in.
If you would like to learn more about these methods, or if you would like to know what options you have for preventing companies from using this information, click here. The information generated by the cookie about your use of the website including your IP address will be transmitted to and stored by Google on servers in the United States.
Since , CheatCodes. To find all the latest cheats, guides, hints and tips, visit CheatCodes. Check PC cheats for this game Check Xbox cheats for this game. Version Updates 2.
Discover Cheats for Grand Theft Auto IV. Warm Coffee. Successfully date a girl to be invited into her house.
He is introduced to her during the mission ” Three’s a Crowd ” by Mallorie Bardas , who urges the two of them to date, due to Niko having just arrived in the city and not knowing anybody. At 27, Michelle is three years younger than Niko. Mallorie sets the both of them up and they decide to begin dating. Not much is known about her past life except that she may have had criminal links herself. She claims she is not a local in Liberty City having arrived from the midwest.
Michelle likes being chauffeured in most cars, except vans and police cars. She isn’t fond of certain cars that come in beater variants. She likes Niko wearing clothes from the Russian Shop ; she thinks clothes bought at Perseus make Niko look like a criminal.
We don’t know a great deal about what’s next for the Grand Theft Auto franchise – the fact that there will be a GTA 6 at all is only known from CV missteps by former Rockstar employees and the minimal deduction required to know that a brand this powerful is obviously getting more games in the future. One particularly studious fan, however, might have uncovered the next protagonist – and it’s been teased for the past two games.
If the name Sammy Bottino doesn’t immediately ring a bell, you’ll be excused.
Grand Theft Auto IV continues to bring controversial topics to light with General; Cheat Codes; Violent Content and Aggression When Niko finds out that Vlad slept with Roman’s girlfriend, he murders Vlad.
We’ve compiled all the Best GTA Glitches for you to use, if you click on the link you may remember seeing earlier in this sentence. Steal a Mr. Tasty Ice Cream truck and listen to the music. One of the songs is called the GTA Theme. If you call ZIT, the song identifying number, while it’s playing it will unlock a cheat in your phone that restores your health and armor. Figure out how to survive and come in first in online racing games with our Multiplayer Racing Guide.
Find and explode every one of the flying rats with our Pigeons Guide. It’s very important that you read it. Quit wandering around like a tourist. Use our Easter Egg Guide to find all the best sights and hidden jokes.
Wir hoffen, dass wir Dich bald in unserem Forum sehen werden. Abonniere uns auf Youtube. Zum Forum. Trailer-Analyse: M. Trailer-Analyse: F. Trailer-Analyse: T.
Now for most people, they won’t immediately know what this date signifies, but hardcore gamers out there may just remember why April 29,
The other three girlfriends are met online from the dating websites , as www. Aside from the amusing interactions between Niko Bellic and the women he dates, there can be several in-game benefits to starting a relationship with any of the datable characters. Putting in a little bit of time to raise the fondness of the girlfriends can unlock their “special abilities”: these can help in particularly difficult missions late in the game.
Like the other relationships that Niko has with his friends in GTA IV , favor can be gained with girlfriends by taking them to different venues around the city. Unlike the male friends, however, dating is more than just worrying about the venue. To have a successful date, Niko must cater to the women’s tastes in three areas; clothing , vehicle , and how fancy the date is.
Each woman has different tastes and will respond accordingly.
Last Updated: March 6, References Tested. This article was co-authored by our trained team of editors and researchers who validated it for accuracy and comprehensiveness. The wikiHow Tech Team also followed the article’s instructions and verified that they work. This article has been viewed , times.
His first mission with cheats, and without reason. Stuck in gta iv. Register for more cheats, wait for the gta iv. Hey people i bought girlfriend and both of its.
Each potential date has their own taste in clothes and activities, making each person different. Girlfriends also give a variety of bonuses. Spoiler warning! This page contains spoilers, or hints about the game’s storyline or progression. You might want to skip to the next page if you do not want facts about the game’s storyline or plot revealed to you. Two of them are met during the main plotline and three others are met online. You can date as many girls as you like at once and there seem to be no punishments for doing so.
It can, however, get hectic keeping fifteen women happy all of which are sending you text messages and calling you. There is one more girl you can date on Dance Maisonette 9, craplist.
GTA IV to return to Steam next month following Games for Windows Live hiccup
Best MMO games 2020: live a second life on console and PC
Multiplayer bugs undercut the Master Chief Collection’s biggest launch yet
Halo: Reach Cheats
Heavenly Playgirl Dating Sim at
← Review: Payday: The Heist Dishes Out Good Campaign, Poor Matchmaking
English中文(简体)ItalianoDanskEspañolΕλληνικάPortuguêsNederlandsSvenskaLëtzebuergeschNorskTürkçeČeštinaSuomiPolski日本語العربيةEesti keelFrançaisDeutschMagyar
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0032.json.gz/line1826967
|
__label__wiki
| 0.667845
| 0.667845
|
/ Language: English / Genre:sf_space,
We Have Fed Our Sea
The time is the 23rd century, and ships are crawling outward from Earth into the interstellar depths. It will take them centuries to reach even the nearer stars, but once they do, future travel will be instantaneous. The ships carry matter transmitters which are not subject to the limitations of lightspeed. In the meantime crews can flit back and forth between the ships and Earth, but until now their only purpose has been to stand watch. Until now. At last one ship has made contact with the stars. First published in Astaunding Science Fiction magazine in 1958. Later published in slightly changed book form as The Enemy Stars. Nominated for Hugo Award for Best Novel in 1959.
by Poul Anderson
They named her Southern Cross and launched her on the road whose end they would never see. Months afterward she was moving at half the speed of light; if there was to be enough reaction mass for deceleration and maneuver, the blast must be terminated. And so the long silence came. For four and a half centuries, the ship would fall.
They manned her by turns, and dreamed other ships, and launched them, and saw how a few of the shortest journeys ended. Then they died.
And other men came after them. Wars flamed up and burned out, the howling peoples dwelt in smashed cities and kindled their fires with books. Conquerors followed, and conquerors of those, an empire killed its mother aborning, a religion called men to strange hilltops, a new race and a new state bestrode the Earth. But still the ships fell upward through night, and always there were men to stand watch upon them. Sometimes the men wore peaked caps and comets, sometimes steel helmets, sometimes decorous gray cowls, eventually blue berets with a winged star; but always they watched the ships, and more and more often as the decades passed they brought their craft to new harbors.
After ten generations, the Southern Cross was not quite halfway to her own goal, though she was the farthest from Earth of any human work. She was showing a little wear, here a scratch, there a patch, and not all the graffiti of bored and lonely men rubbed out by their successors. But those fields and particles which served her for eye, brain, nerve still swept heaven; each man at the end of his watch took a box of microplates with him as he made the hundred light-year stride to Earth’s Moon. Much of this was lost, or gathered dust, in the century when Earthmen were busy surviving. But there came a time when a patient electrically seeing machine ran through many such plates from many ships. And so it condemned certain people to death.
Sundown burned across great waters. Far to the west, the clouds banked tall above New Zealand threw hot gold into the sky. In that direction, the sea was too bright to look upon. Eastward it faded through green and royal blue to night, where the first stars trod forth and trembled. There was just enough wind to ruffle the surface, send wavelets lapping against the hull of the ketch, flow down the idle mainsail and stir the girl’s loosened pale hair.
Terangi Maclaren pointed north. “The kelp beds are that way,” he drawled. “Main source of the family income, y’ know. They mutate, crossbreed, and get seaweed which furnishes all kind of useful products. It’s beyond me, thank the honorable ancestors. Biochemistry is an organized mess. I’ll stick to something simple, like the degenerate nucleus.”
The girl giggled. “And if it isn’t degenerate, will you make it so?” she asked.
She was a technic like himself, of course: he would never have let a common on his boat, since a few machines were, in effect, a sizable crew. Her rank was higher than his, so high that no one in her family worked productively — whereas Maclaren was one of the few in his who did not. She was of carefully selected mutant Burmese strain, with amber skin, exquisite small features, and greenish-blond hair. Maclaren had been angling for weeks to get her alone like this. Not that General Feng, her drug-torpid null of a guardian, cared how much scandal she made, flying about the planet without so much as an amazon for chaperone. But she was more a creature of the Citadel and its hectic lights than of the sunset ocean.
Maclaren chuckled. “I wasn’t swearing at the nucleus,” he said. “Degeneracy is a state of matter under certain extreme conditions. Not too well understood, even after three hundred years of quantum theory. But I wander, and I would rather wonder. At you, naturally.”
He padded barefoot across the deck and sat down by her. He was a tall man in his early thirties, slender, with wide shoulders and big hands, dark-haired and brown-skinned like all Oceanians; but there was an aquiline beak on the broad highcheeked face, and some forgotten English ancestor looked out of hazel eyes. Like her, he wore merely an informal sarong and a few jewels.
“You’re talking like a scholar, Terangi,” she said. It was not a compliment. There was a growing element in the richest families who found Confucius, Plato, Einstein, and the other classics a thundering bore.
“Oh, but I am one,” said Maclaren. “You’d be amazed how parched and stuffy I can get. Why, as a student—”
“But you were the amateur swim-wrestling champion!” she protested.
“True. I could also drink any two men under the table and knew every dive on Earth and the Moon. However, d’ you imagine my father, bless his dreary collection of old-fashioned virtues, would have subsidized me all these years if I didn’t bring some credit to the family? It’s kudos, having an astrophysicist for a son. Even if I am a rather expensive astrophysicist.” He grinned through the gathering dusk. “Every so often, when I’d been on a particularly outrageous binge, he would threaten to cut my allowance off. Then I’d have no choice but to come up with a new observation or a brilliant new theory, or at least a book.”
She snuggled a little closer. “Is that why you are going out to space now?” she asked.
“Well, no,” said Maclaren. “That’s purely my own idea. My notion of fun. I told you I was getting stuffy in my dotage.”
“I haven’t seen you very often in the Citadel, the last few years,” she agreed. “And you were so busy when you did show.”
“Politics, of a sort. The ship’s course couldn’t be changed without an order from a reluctant Exploration Authority, which meant bribing the right people, heading off the opposition, wheedling the Protector himself… d’ you know, I discovered it was fun. I might even take up politics as a hobby, when I get back.”
“How long will you be gone?” she asked.
“Can’t say for certain, but probably just a month. That ought to furnish me with enough material for several years of study. Might dash back to the ship at odd moments for the rest of my life, of course. It’ll take up permanent residence around that star.”
“Couldn’t you come home… every night?” she murmured.
“Don’t tempt me,” he groaned. “I can’t. One month is the standard minimum watch on an interstellar vessel, barring emergencies. You see, every transmission uses up a Frank tube, which costs money.”
“Well,” she pouted, “if you think so much of an old dead star—”
“You don’t understand, your gorgeousness. This is the first chance anyone has ever had, in more than two centuries of space travel, to get a close look at a truly burned-out star. There was even some argument whether the class existed. Is the universe old enough for any sun to have used up its nuclear and gravitational energy? By the ancestors, it’s conceivable this one is left over from some previous cycle of creation!”
He felt a stiffening in her body, as if she resented his talk of what she neither understood nor cared about. And for a moment he resented her. She didn’t really care about this boat either, or him, or anything except her own lovely shell. Why was he wasting time in the old worn routines, when he should be studying and preparing? He knew precisely why.
And then her rigidity melted in a little shudder. He glanced at her, she was a shadow with a palely glowing mane, in the deep blue twilight. The last embers of sun were almost gone, and one star after another woke overhead, soon the sky would be crowded with their keenness.
Almost, she whispered: “Where is this spaceship, now?”
A bit startled, he pointed at the first tracing of the Southern Cross. “That way,” he said. “She was originally bound for Alpha Crucis, and hasn’t been diverted very far off that course. Since she’s a good thirty parsecs out, we wouldn’t notice the difference if we could see that far.”
“But we can’t. Not ever. The light would take a hundred years, and I… we would all be dead — No!”
He soothed her, a most pleasant proceeding which became still more pleasant as the night went on. And they were on his yacht, which had borne his love from the first day he took the tiller, in a calm sea, with wine and small sandwiches, and she even asked him to play his guitar and sing. But somehow it was not the episode he had awaited. He kept thinking of this or that preparation, what had he overlooked, what could he expect to find at the black sun; perhaps he was indeed under the subtle tooth of age, or of maturity if you wanted a euphemism, or perhaps the Southern Cross burned disturbingly bright overhead.
Winter lay among the Outer Hebrides. Day was a sullen glimmer between two darknesses, often smothered in snow. When it did not fling itself upon the rocks and burst in freezing spume, the North Atlantic rolled in heavy and gnawing. There was no real horizon, leaden waves met leaden sky and misty leaden light hid the seam. “Here there is neither land nor water nor air, but a kind of mixture of them,” wrote Pytheas.
The island was small. Once it had held a few fishermen, whose wives kept a sheep or two, but that was long ago. Now only one house remained, a stone cottage built centuries back and little changed. Down at the landing was a modern shelter for a sailboat, a family submarine, and a battered aircar; but it was of gray plastic and fitted into the landscape like another boulder.
David Ryerson put down his own hired vehicle there, signaled the door to open, and rolled through. He had not been on Skula for half a decade: it touched him, in a way, how his hands remembered all the motions of steering into this place and how the dank interior was unaltered. As for his father — He bit back an inward fluttering, helped his bride from the car, and spread his cloak around them both as they stepped into the wind.
It howled in from the Pole, striking them so they reeled and Tamara’s black locks broke free like torn banners. Ryerson thought he could almost hear the wind toning in the rock underfoot. Surely the blows of the sea did, crash after crash through a bitter drift of flung scud. For a moment’s primitive terror, he thought he heard his father’s God, whom he had denied, roar in the deep. He fought his way to the cottage and laid numbed fingers on the anachronism of a corroded bronze knocker.
Magnus Ryerson opened the door and waved them in. “I’d not expected you yet,” he said, which was as close as he would ever come to an apology. When he shut out the wind, there was a quietness which gaped.
This main room, brick-floored, whitewashed, irregular and solid, centered about a fireplace where peat burned low and blue. The chief concessions to the century were a radi-globe and a stunning close-up photograph of the Sirian binary. One did not count the pilot’s manuals or the stones and skins and gods brought from beyond the sky; after all, any old sea captain would have kept his Bowditch and his souvenirs. The walls were lined with books as well as microspools. Most of the full-size volumes were antique, for little was printed in English these days.
Magnus Ryerson stood leaning on a cane of no Terrestrial wood. He was a huge man, two meters tall in his youth and not greatly stooped now, with breadth and thickness to match. His nose jutted craggily from a leather skin, shoulder-length white hair, breast-length white beard. Under tangled brows, the eyes were small and frost-blue. He wore the archaic local dress, a knitted sweater and canvas trousers. It came as a shock to realize after several minutes that his right hand was artificial.
“Well,” he rumbled at last, in fluent Interhuman, “so this is the bride. Tamara Sumito Ryerson, eh? Welcome, girl.” There was no great warmth in his tone.
She bent her face to folded hands. “I greet you most humbly, honorable father.” She was Australian, a typical high-class common of that province, fine-boned, bronze-hued, with blue-black hair and oblique brown eyes; but her beauty was typical nowhere. She had dressed with becoming modesty in a long white gown and a hooded cloak, no ornaments save a wedding band with the Ryerson monogram on it.
Magnus looked away from her, to his son. “Professor’s daughter, did you say?” he murmured in English.
“Professor of symbolics,” said David. He made his answer a defiance by casting it in the Interhuman which his wife understood. “We… Tamara and I… met at his home. I needed a background in symbolics to understand my own specialty and—”
“You explain too much,” said Magnus dryly. “Sit.”
He lowered himself into a chair. After a moment, David followed. The son was just turned twenty years old, a slender boy of average height with light complexion, thin sharp features, yellow hair, and his father’s blue eyes. He wore the tunic of a science graduate, with insignia of gravitics, selfconsciously, but not so used to it that he would change for an ordinary civilian blouse.
Tamara made her way into the kitchen and began preparing tea. Magnus looked after her. “Well-trained, anyhow,” he grunted in English. “So I suppose her family is at least heathen, and not any of these latter-day atheists. That’s somewhat.”
David felt the island years, alone with his widower father, return to roost heavy upon him. He stifled an anger and said, also in English: “I couldn’t have made any better match. Even from some swinish practical standpoint. Not without marrying into a technic family, and — Would you want me to do that? I’ll gain technic rank on my own merits!”
“If you stay on Earth,” said Magnus. “Who notices a colonial?”
“Who notices an Earthling, among ten billion others?” snapped David. “On a new planet… on Rama… a man can be himself. These stupid hereditary distinctions won’t even matter.”
“There is room enough right here,” said Magnus. “As a boy you never used to complain Skula was crowded. On the contrary!”
“And I would settle down with some illiterate beefy-faced good Christian fishwife you picked for me and breed more servants for the Protectorate, all my life!”
The words had come out before David thought. Now, in a kind of dismay, he waited for his father’s reaction. This man had ordered him out into a winter gale, or supperless to bed, for fifteen years out of twenty. In theory the grown son was free of him, free of everyone save contractual overlords and whatever general had most recently seized the title of Protector. In practice it was not so easy. David knew with a chill that he would never have decided to emigrate without Tamara’s unarrogant and unbendable will to stiffen his. He would probably never even have married her, without more than her father’s consent, against the wish of his own — David gripped the worn arms of his chair.
Magnus sighed. He felt about after a pipe and tobacco pouch. “I would have preferred you to maintain residence on Earth,” he said with a somehow shocking gentleness. “By the time the quarantine on Washington 5584 has been lifted, I’ll be dead.”
David locked his mouth. You hoary old fraud, he thought, if you expect to hook me that way — “It’s not as if you would be penned on one island all your days,” said Magnus. “Why did I spend all I had saved, to put my sons through the Academy? So they could be spacemen, as I was and my father and grandfather before me. Earth isn’t a prison. The Earthman can go as far as the farthest ships have reached. It’s the colonies are the hole. Once you go there to live, you never come back here.”
“Is there so much to come back to?” said David. Then, after a minute, trying clumsily for reconciliation: “And father, I’m the last. Space ate them all. Radiation killed Tom, a meteor got Ned, Eric made a falling star all by himself, Ian just never returned from wherever it was. Don’t you want to preserve our blood in me, at least?”
“So you mean to save your own life?”
“Now, wait! You know how dangerous a new planet can be. That’s the reason for putting the initial settlers under thirty years of absolute quarantine. If you think I—”
“No,” said Magnus. “No, you’re no coward, Davy, where it comes to physical things. When you deal with people, though, I don’t know what you’re like. You don’t yourself. Are you running away from man, as you’ve been trying to run from the Lord God Jehovah? Not so many folk on Rama as on Earth, no need to work both with and against them, as on a ship — Well.” He leaned forward, the pipe smoldering in his plastic hand. “I want you to be a spaceman, aye, of course. I cannot dictate your choice. But if you would at least try it, once only, so you could honestly come back and tell me you’re not born for stars and openness and a sky all around you — Do you understand? I could let you go to your planet then. Not before. I would never know, otherwise, how much I had let you cheat yourself.”
Silence fell between them. They heard the wind as it mourned under their eaves, and the remote snarling of the sea.
David said at last, slowly: “So that’s why you… yes. Did you give my name to Technic Maclaren for that dark star expedition?”
Magnus nodded. “I heard from my friends in the Authority that Maclaren had gotten the Cross diverted from orbit. Some of them were mickle put out about it, too. After all, she was the first one sent directly toward a really remote goal, she is farther from Earth than any other ship has yet gotten, it was like breaking a tradition.” He shrugged. “God knows when anyone will reach Alpha Crucis now. But I say Maclaren is right. Alpha may be an interesting triple star, but a truly cold sun means a deal more to science. At any rate, I did pull a few wires. Maclaren needs a gravitics man to help him take his data. The post is yours if you wish it.”
“I don’t,” said David. “How long would we be gone, a month, two months? A month from now I planned to be selecting my own estate on Rama.”
“Also, you’ve only been wed a few weeks. Oh, yes. I understand. But you can be sent to Rama as soon as you get back; there’ll be several waves of migration. You will have space pay plus exploratory bonus, some valuable experience, and,” finished Magnus sardonically, “my blessing. Otherwise you can get out of my house this minute.”
David hunched into his chair, as if facing an enemy.
He heard Tamara move about, slow in the unfamiliar kitchen, surely more than a little frightened of this old barbarian. If he went to space, she would have to stay here, bound by a propriety which was one of the chains they had hoped to shed on Rama. It was a cheerless prospect for her, too.
And yet, thought David, the grim face before him had once turned skyward, on a spring night, telling him the names of the stars.
The other man, Ohara, was good, third-degree black. But finally his alertness wavered. He moved in unwarily, and Seiichi Nakamura threw him with a foot sweep that drew approving hisses from the audience. Seeing his chance, Nakamura pounced, got control of Ohara from the waist down by sitting on him, and applied a strangle. Ohara tried to break it, but starving lungs betrayed him. He slapped the mat when he was just short of unconsciousness. Nakamura released him and squatted, waiting. Presently Ohara rose. So did the winner. They retied their belts and bowed to each other. The abbot, who was refereeing, murmured a few words which ended the match. The contestants sat down, closed their eyes, and for a while the room held nothing but meditation.
Nakamura had progressed beyond enjoying victory for its own sake. He could still exult in the aesthetics of a perfect maneuver; what a delightful toy the human body is, when you know how to throw eighty struggling kilos artistically through the air! But even that, he knew, was a spiritual weakness. Judo is more than a sport, it should be a means to an end: ideally, a physical form of meditation upon the principles of Zen.
He wondered if he would ever attain that height. Rebelliously, he wondered if anyone ever had, in actual practice, for more than a few moments anyhow… It was an unworthy thought. A wearer of the black belt in the fifth degree should at least have ceased inwardly barking at his betters. And now enough of all the personal. It was only his mind reflecting the tension of the contest, and tension was always the enemy. His mathematical training led him to visualize fields of force, and the human soul as a differential quantity dX — where X was a function of no one knew how many variables — which applied just enough, vanishingly small increments of action so that the great fields slid over each other and — Was this a desirable analogue? He must discuss it with the abbot sometime; it seemed too precise to reflect reality. For now he had better meditate upon one of the traditional paradoxes: consider the noise made by two hands clapping, and then the noise made by one hand clapping.
The abbot spoke another word. The several contestants on the mat bowed to him, rose, and went to the showers. The audience, yellow-robed monks and a motley group of townspeople, left their cushions and mingled cheerfully.
When Nakamura came out, his gi rolled under one arm, his short thick-set body clad in plain gray coveralls, he saw the abbot talking to Diomed Umfando, chief of the local Protectorate garrison. He waited until they noticed him. Then he bowed and sucked in his breath respectfully.
“Ah,” said the abbot. “A most admirable performance tonight.”
“It was nothing, honorable sir,” said Nakamura.
“What did you… yes. Indeed. You are leaving tomorrow, are you not?”
“Yes, master. On the Southern Cross, the expedition to the dark star. It is uncertain how long I shall be away.” He laughed self-deprecatingly, as politeness required. “It is always possible that one does not return. May I humbly ask the honorable abbot that—”
“Of course,” said the old man. “Your wife and children shall always be under our protection, and your sons will be educated here if no better place can be found for them.” He smiled. “But who can doubt that the best pilot on Sarai will return as a conqueror?”
They exchanged ritual compliments. Nakamura went about saying good-by to various other friends. As he came to the door, he saw the tall blue-clad form of Captain Umfando. He bowed.
“I am walking back into town now,” said the officer, almost apologetically: “May I request the pleasure of your company?”
“If this unworthy person can offer even a moment’s distraction to the noble captain?”
They left together. The dojo was part of the Buddhist monastery, which stood two or three kilometers out of the town called Susa. A road went through grainfields, an empty road now, for the spectators were still drinking tea under the abbot’s red roof. Nakamura and Umfando walked in silence for a while; the captain’s bodyguard shouldered their rifles and followed unobtrusively.
Capella had long ago set. Its sixth planet, I1-Khan the giant, was near full phase, a vast golden shield blazoned with a hundred hues. Two other satellites, not much smaller than this Earth-sized Sarai on which humans dwelt, were visible. Only a few stars could shine through all that light, low in the purple sky; the fields lay drowned in amber radiance, Susa’s lanterns looked feeble in the distance. Meteor trails crisscrossed heaven, as if someone wrote swift ideographs up there. On the left horizon, a sudden mountain range climbed until its peaks burned with snow. A moonbird was trilling, the fiddler insects answered, a small wind rustled in the grain. Otherwise only the scrunch of feet on gravel had voice.
“This is a lovely world,” murmured Nakamura.
Captain Umfando shrugged. Wryness touched his ebony features. “I could wish it were more sociable.”
“Believe me, sir, despite political differences, there is no ill will toward you or your men personally—”
“Oh, come now,” said the officer. “I am not that naive. Sarai may begin by disliking us purely as soldiers and tax collectors for an Earth which will not let the ordinary colonist even visit it. But such feelings soon envelop the soldier himself. I’ve been jeered at, and mudballed by children, even out of uniform.”
“It is most deplorable,” said Nakamura in distress. “May I offer my apologies on behalf of my town?”
Umfando shrugged. “I’m not certain that an apology is in order. I didn’t have to make a career of the Protector’s army. And Earth does exploit the colonies. There are euphemisms and excuses, but exploitation is what it amounts to.”
He thought for a moment, and asked with a near despair: “But what else can Earth do?”
Nakamura said nothing. They walked on in silence for a while.
Umfando said at last, “I wish to put a rude question.” When the flat face beside him showed no reluctance, he plowed ahead. “Let us not waste time on modesty. You know you’re one of the finest pilots in the Guild. Any Capellan System pilot is — he has to be! — but you are the one they ask for when things get difficult. You’ve been on a dozen exploratory missions in new systems. It’s not made you rich, but it has made you one of the most influential men on Sarai.
“Why do you treat me like a human being?”
Nakamura considered it gravely. “Well,” he decided, “I cannot consider politics important enough to quarrel about.”
“I see.” A little embarrassed, Umfando changed the subject:
“I can get you on a military transport to Batu tomorrow, if you wish. Drop you off at the ‘caster station.”
“Thank you, but I have already engaged passage on the regular interstellar ferry.”
“Uh… did you ask for the Cross berth?”
“No. I had served a few watches on her, of course, like everyone else. A good ship. A little outmoded now, perhaps, but well and honestly made. The Guild offered me the position, and since I had no other commitments, I accepted.”
Guild offers were actually assignments for the lower ranks of spacemen, Umfando knew. A man of Nakamura’s standing could have refused. But maybe the way you attained such prestige was by never refusing.
“Do you expect any trouble?” he asked.
“One is never certain. The great human mistake is to anticipate. The totally relaxed and unexpectant man is the one prepared for whatever may happen: he does not have to get out of an inappropriate posture before he can react.”
“Ha! Maybe judo ought to be required for all pilots.”
“No. I do not think the coerced mind ever really learns an art.”
Nakamura saw his house ahead. It stood on the edge of town, half screened by Terrestrial Bamboo. He had spent much time on the garden which surrounded it; many visitors were kind enough to call his garden beautiful. He sighed. A gracious house, a good and faithful wife, four promising children, health and achievement, what more could a man reasonably ask? He told himself that his remembrances of Kyoto were hazed, he had left Earth as a very young boy. Surely this serene and uncrowded Sarai offered more than poor tortured antheap Earth gave even to her overlords. And yet some mornings he woke up with the temple bells of Kyoto still chiming in his ears.
He stopped at the gate. “Will you honor my home for a cup of tea?” he asked.
“No, thanks,” said Umfando, almost roughly. “You’ve a family to… to say good-by to. I will see you when—”
Fire streaked across the sky. For an instant Il-Khan himself was lost in blue flame. The bolide struck somewhere among the mountains. A sheet of pure outraged energy flared above ragged peaks. Then smoke and dust swirled up like a devil, and moments afterward thunder came banging down through the valley.
Umfando whistled. “That was a monster!”
“A… yes… most unusual… yes, yes.” Nakamura stammered something, somehow he bowed good night and somehow he kept from running along the path to his roof. But as he walked, he began to shake.
It was only a meteorite, he told himself frantically. Only a meteorite. The space around a giant star like Capella, and especially around its biggest planet, was certain to be full of cosmic junk. Billions of meteors hit Sarai every day. Hundreds of them got through to the surface. But Sarai was as big as Earth, he told himself. Sarai had oceans, deserts, uninhabited plains and forests… why, even on Sarai you were more likely to be killed by lightning than by a meteorite and — and — Oh, the jewel in the lotus! he cried out. I am afraid. I am afraid of the black sun.
It was raining again, but no one on Krasna pays attention to that. They wear a few light non-absorbent garments and welcome the rain on their bodies, a moment’s relief from saturated hot air. The clouds thin overhead, so that the land glimmers with watery brightness, sometimes even the uppermost clouds break apart and Tau Ceti spears a blinding reddish shaft through smoke-blue masses and silvery rain.
Chang Sverdlov rode into Dynamogorsk with a hornbeast lashed behind his saddle. It had been a dangerous chase, through the tidal marshes and up over the bleak heights of Czar Nicholas IV Range, but he needed evidence to back his story, that he had only been going out to hunt. Mukerji, the chief intelligence officer of the Protectorate garrison, was getting suspicious, God rot his brain.
Two soldiers came along the elevated sidewalk. Rain drummed on their helmets and sluiced off the slung rifles. Earth soldiers went in armed pairs on a street like Trumpet Road: for a Krasnan swamprancher, fisher, miner, logger, trapper, brawling away his accumulated loneliness, with a skinful of vodka or rice wine, a fluff-headed fille-de-joie to impress, and a sullen suspicion that the dice had been loaded, was apt to unlimber his weapons when he saw a blueback.
Sverdlov contented himself with spitting at their boots, which were about level with his head. It went unnoticed in the downpour. And in the noise, and crowding, and blinking lights, with thunder above the city’s gables. He clucked to his saurian and guided her toward the middle of the slough called Trumpet Road. Its excitement lifted his anger a bit. I’ll report in, he told himself, and go wheedle an advance from the Guild bank, and then make up six weeks of bushranging in a way the joyhouses will remember!
He turned off on the Avenue of Tigers and stopped before a certain inn. Tethering his lizard and throwing the guard a coin, he entered the taproom. It was as full of men and racket as usual. He shouldered up to the bar. The landlord recognized him; Sverdlov was a very big and solid young man, bullet-headed, crop-haired, with a thick nose and small brown eyes in a pockmarked face. The landlord drew a mug of kvass, spiked it with vodka, and set it out. He nodded toward the ceiling. “I will tell her you are here,” he said, and left.
Sverdlov leaned on the bar, one hand resting on a pistol butt, the other holding up his drink. I could wish it really were one of the upstairs girls expecting me, he thought. Do we need all this melodrama of codes, countersigns, and cell organization? He considered the seething of near-naked men in the room. A chess game, a card game, a dirty joke, an Indian wrestling match, a brag, a wheedle, an incipient fight: his own Krasnans! It hardly seemed possible that any of those ears could have been hired by the Protector and yet…
The landlord came back. “She’s here and ready for you,” he grinned. A couple of nearby men guffawed coarsely. Sverdlov tossed off his drink, lit one of the cheap cigars he favored, and pushed through to the stairs.
At the end of a third floor corridor he rapped on a door. A voice invited him in. The room beyond was small and drably furnished, but its window looked down a straight street to the town’s end and a sudden feathery splendor of rainbow trees. Lightning flimmered through the bright rain of Krasna. Sverdlov wondered scornfully if Earth had jungle and infinite promise on any doorstep.
He closed the door and nodded at the two men who sat waiting. He knew fat Li-Tsung; the gaunt Arabic-looking fellow was strange to him, and neither asked for an introduction.
Li-Tsung raised an eyebrow. Sverdlov said, “It is going well. They were having some new troubles — the aerospores were playing merry hell with the electrical insulation — but I think I worked out a solution. The Wetlanders are keeping our boys amply fed, and there is no indication anyone has betrayed them. Yet.”
The thin man asked, “This is the clandestine bomb factory?”
“No,” said Li-Tsung. “It is time you learned of these matters, especially when you are leaving the system today. This man has been helping direct something more important than small arms manufacture. They are tooling up out there to make interplanetary missiles.”
“What for?” answered the stranger. “Once the Fellowship has seized the mattercaster, it will be years before reinforcements can arrive from any other system. You’ll have time enough to build heavy armament then.” He glanced inquiringly at Sverdlov. Li-Tsung nodded. “In fact,” said the thin man, “my division is trying to so organize things that there will be no closer Protectorate forces than Earth itself. Simultaneous revolution on a dozen planets. Then it would be at least two decades before spaceships could reach Tau Ceti.”
“Ah,” grunted Sverdlov. He lowered his hairy body into a chair. His cigar jabbed at the thin man. “Have you ever thought the Earthlings are no fools? The mattercaster for the Tau Ceti System is up there on Moon Two. Sure. We seize it, or destroy it. But is it the only transceiver around?”
The thin man choked. Li-Tsung murmured, “This is not for the rank and file. There is enough awe of Earth already to hold the people back. But in point of fact, the Protector is an idiot if there is not at least one asteroid in some unlikely orbit, with a heavy-duty ‘caster mounted on it. We can expect the Navy in our skies within hours of the independence proclamation. We must be prepared to fight!”
“But—” said the thin man. “But this means it will take years more to make ready than I thought. I had hoped—”
“The Centaurians rebelled prematurely, forty years ago,” said Li-Tsung. “Let us never forget the lesson. Do you want to be lobotomized?”
There was silence for a while. Rain hammered on the roof. Down in the street, a couple of rangers just in from the Uplands were organizing an impromptu saurian fight.
“Well,” said Sverdlov at last. “I’d better not stay here.”
“Oh, but you should,” said Li-Tsung. “You are supposedly visiting a woman, do you remember?”
Sverdlov snorted impatience, but reached for the little chess set in his pouch. “Who’ll play me a quick game, then?”
“Are the bright lights that attractive?” asked Li-Tsung.
Sverdlov spoke an obscenity. “I’ve spent nearly my whole leave chasing through the bush and up into the Czar,” he said. “I’ll be off to Thovo — or worse yet, to Krimchak or Cupra or the Belt, Thovo has a settlement at least — for weeks. Months, perhaps! Let me relax a little first.”
“As a matter of fact,” said Li-Tsung, “your next berth has already been assigned, and it is not to any of those places. It is outsystem.” In his public persona, he was a minor official in the local branch of the Astronautical Guild.
“What?” Sverdlov cursed for a steady minute. “You mean I’m to be locked up for a month on some stinking ship in the middle of interstellar space, and—”
“Calmly, please, calmly. You won’t be standing a routine single-handed just-in-case watch. This will be rather more interesting. You will be on the XA463, the Southern Cross.”
Sverdlov considered. He had taken his turn on the stellar vessels, but had no interest in them: they were a chore, one of the less desirable aspects of the spaceman’s life. He had even been on duty when a new system was entered, but it had thrilled him not. Its planets turned out to be poisonous hells; he had finished his hitch and gone home before they even completed the transceiver station, the devil could drink his share of the celebration party.
“I don’t know which of them that would be,” he said.
“It is bound for Alpha Crucis. Or was. Several years ago, the photographs taken by its instruments were routinely roboanalyzed on Earth. There were discrepancies. Chiefly, some of the background stars were displaced, the Einstein effect of mass on light rays. A more careful study revealed there was a feeble source of long radio waves in that direction. They appear to be the dying gasp of a star.”
Since Sverdlov’s work involved him with the atomic nucleus, he could not help arguing: “I don’t think so. The dying gasp, as you put it, would be gravitational potential energy, released as radiation when a star’s own fires are all exhausted. But a thing so cold it only emits in the far radio frequencies… I’d say that was merely some kind of turbulence in what passes for an atmosphere. That the star isn’t just dying, it’s dead.”
“I don’t know,” shrugged Li-Tsung. “Perhaps no one does. This expedition will be to answer such questions. They gave up on Alpha Crucis for the time being and decelerated the ship toward this black star. It is arriving there now. The next personnel will take up an orbit and make the initial studies. You are the engineer.”
Sverdlov drew heavily on his cigar. “Why me?” he protested. “I’m an interplanetary man. Except for those interstellar tours, I’ve never even been out of the Tau Ceti System.”
“That may be one reason you were picked,” said Li-Tsung. “The Guild does not like its men too provincial in outlook.”
“Surely,” sneered Sverdlov. “We colonials can travel anywhere we please, except to Earth. Only our goods go to Earth without special permission.”
“You need not recruit us into the Fellowship of Independence,” said the thin man in a parched voice.
Sverdlov clamped teeth together and got out through stiff lips: “There will be Earthlings aboard, won’t there? It’s asking for trouble, to put me on the same ship as an Earthling.”
“You will be very polite and co-operative,” said Li-Tsung sharply. “There are other reasons for your assignment. I cannot say much, but you can guess that we have sympathizers, even members, in the Guild… on a higher level than space-hand! It is possible that something of potential military value will be learned from the dark star. Who knows? Something about force fields or — Use your own imagination. It can do no harm to have a Fellowship man on the Cross. It may do some good. You will report to me when you return.”
“Very well, very well,” grumbled Sverdlov. “I can stand a month or two of Earthlings, I suppose.”
“You will get your official orders soon,” Li-Tsung told him. He glanced at his watch. “I think you can run along now; you have a reputation as a, hm-m-m, fast worker. Enjoy yourself.”
“And don’t get talking drunk,” said the thin man.
Sverdlov paused in the doorway. “I don’t,” he said. “I wouldn’t be alive now if I did.”
The Authority booked first-class passages for all expeditionary personnel, which in the case of a hop up to the Moon meant a direct ferry traveling at one gee all the way. Standing by the observation window, an untasted drink in his hand, David Ryerson remarked: “You know, this is only the third time I’ve been off Earth. And the other two, we transshipped at Satellite and went free-fall most of the way.”
“Sounds like fun,” said Maclaren. “I must try it sometime.”
“You… in your line of work… you must go to the Moon quite often,” said Ryerson shyly.
Maclaren nodded. “Mount Ambarzumian Observatory, on Farside. Still a little dust and gas to bother us, of course, but I’ll let the purists go out to Plato Satellite and bring me back their plates.”
“And — No. Forgive me.” Ryerson shook his blond head.
“Go on.” Maclaren, seated in a voluptuous formfit lounger, offered a box of cigarettes. He thought he knew Ryerson’s type, serious, gifted, ambitious, but awe-smitten at the gimcrack fact of someone’s hereditary technic rank. “Go ahead,” he invited. “I don’t embarrass easy.”
“I was only wondering… who paid for all your trips, the observatory or—”
“Great ancestors! The observatory?” Maclaren threw back his head and laughed with the heartiness of a man who had never had to be very cautious. It rang above the low music and cultivated chatter; even the ecdysiast paused an instant on her stage.
“My dear old colleague,” said Maclaren, “I not only pay my own freight, I am expected to contribute generously toward the expenses of the institution. At least,” he added, “my father is. But where else would money for pure research come from? You can’t tax it out of the lower commons, y’ know. They haven’t got it. The upper commons are already taxed to the limit, short of pushing them back down into the hand-to-mouth masses. And the Protectorate rests on a technic class serving but not paying. That’s the theory, anyhow: in practice, of course, a lot of ‘em do neither. But how else would you support abstract science, except by patronage? Thank the Powers for the human snob instinct, it keeps both research and art alive.”
Ryerson looked alarmed; glanced about as if expecting momentary arrest, finally lowered himself to the edge of a chair and almost whispered: “Yes, sir, yes, I know, naturally. I was just not so… so familiar with the details of… financing.”
“Eh? But how could you have missed learning? You trained to be a scientist, didn’t you?”
Ryerson stared out at Earth, sprawling splendor across the constellations. “I set out to be a spaceman,” he said, blushing. “But in the last couple of years I got more interested in gravitics, had to concentrate too much on catching up in that field to well… also, I was planning to emigrate, so I wasn’t interested in — The colonies need trained men. The opportunities—”
Pioneering is an unlimited chance to become the biggest frog, provided the puddle is small enough, thought Maclaren. But he asked aloud, politely, “Where to?”
“Rama. The third planet of Washington 5584.”
“Hm-m-m? Oh, yes. The new one, the GO dwarf. Uh, how far from here?”
“Ninety-seven light-years. Rama has just passed the five-year survey test.” Ryerson leaned forward, losing shyness in his enthusiasm. “Actually, sir, Rama is the most nearly terrestroid planet they have yet found. The biochemistry is so similar to Earth’s that one can even eat some of the native plants and — Oh, and there are climatic zones, oceans, forests, mountains, a single big moon—”
“And thirty years of isolation,” said Maclaren. “Nothing connecting you to the universe but a voice.”
Ryerson reddened again. “Does that matter so much?” he asked aggressively. “Are we losing a great deal by that?”
“I suppose not,” said Maclaren.
Your lives, perhaps, he thought. Remember the Shadow Plague on New Kashmir? Or your children — there was the mutation virus on Gondwana. Five years is not long enough to learn a planet; the thirty-year quarantine is an arbitrary minimum. And, of course, there are the more obvious and spectacular things, which merely kill colonists without threatening the human race. Storms, quakes, morasses, volcanoes, meteorites. Cumulative poisoning. Wild animals. Unsuspected half-intelligent aborigines. Strangeness, loneliness, madness. It’s no wonder the colonies which survive develop their own cultures. It’s no wonder they come to think of Earth as a parasite on their own tedious heroisms. Of course, with ten billion people, and a great deal of once arable country sterilized by radiation, Earth has little choice.
What I would like to know is, why does anyone emigrate in the first place? The lessons are ghastly enough; why do otherwise sensible people, like this boy, refuse to learn them?
“Oh, well,” he said aloud. He signaled the waiter. “Refuel us, chop-chop.”
Ryerson looked in some awe at the chit which the other man thumbprinted. He could not suppress it: “Do you always travel first-class to the Moon?”
Maclaren put a fresh cigarette between his lips and touched his lighter-ring to the end. His smile cocked it at a wry angle.
“I suppose,” he answered, “I have always traveled first-class through life.”
The ferry made turnover without spilling a drink or a passenger and backed down onto Tycho Port. Maclaren adjusted without a thought to Lunar gravity, Ryerson turned a little green and swallowed a pill. But even in his momentary distress, Ryerson was bewildered at merely walking through a tube to a monorail station. Third-class passengers must submit to interminable official bullying: safety regulations, queues, assignment to hostel. Now, within minutes, he was again on soft cushions, staring through crystalline panes at the saw-toothed magnificence of mountains.
When the train got under way, he gripped his hands together, irrationally afraid. It took him a while to hunt down the reason: the ghost of his father’s God, ranting at pride and sloth from the tomb which the son had erected.
“Let’s eat,” said Maclaren. “I chose this train with malice aforethought. It’s slow enough so we can enjoy our meal en route, and the chef puts his heart into the oysters won-ton.”
“I’m not… not hungry,” stammered Ryerson.
Maclaren’s dark, hooked face flashed a grin. “That’s what cocktails and hors d’oeuvres are for, lad. Stuff yourself. If it’s true what I’ve heard of deep-space rations, we’re in for a dreary month or two.”
“You mean you’ve never been on an interstellar ship?”
“Of course not. Never been beyond the Moon in my life. Why should I do any such ridiculous thing?”
Maclaren’s cloak swirled like fire as he led the way toward the diner. Beneath an iridescent white tunic, his legs showed muscular and hairless, down to the tooled-leather buskins; the slant of the beret on his head was pure insolence. Ryerson, trailing drably behind in spaceman’s gray coveralls, felt bitterness. What have I been dragged away from Tamara for? Does this peacock know a mass from a hole in the ground? He’s hired himself a toy, is all, because for a while he’s bored with wine and women… and Tamara is locked away on a rock with a self-righteous old beast who hates the sound of her name!
As they sat down at their table, Maclaren went on, “But this is too good a chance to pass up. I found me a tame mathematician last year and sicced him onto the Schrodinger equation — Sugimoto’s relativistic version, I mean; Yuen postulates too bloody much for my taste — anyhow, he worked it out for the quantities involved in a dark star, mass and gravitational intensities and cetera. His results make us both wonder if such a body doesn’t go over to an entirely new stage of degeneracy at the core. One gigantic neutron? Well, maybe that’s too fantastic. But consider—”
And while the monorail ran on toward Farside, Maclaren left the Interhuman language quite behind him. Ryerson could follow tensors, even when scribbled on a menu, but Maclaren had some new function, symbolized by a pneumatic female outline, that reduced to a generalized tensor under certain conditions. Ryerson stepped out on Farside, two hours later, with his brain rotating.
He had heard of the cyclopean installations which fill the whole of Yukawa Crater and spread out onto the plains beyond. Who has not? But all he saw on his first visit was a gigantic concourse, a long slideway tunnel, and a good many uniformed technicians. He made some timid mention of his disappointment to Maclaren. The New Zealander nodded: “Exactly. There’s more romance, more sense of distance covered, and a devil of a lot better scenery, in an afternoon on the bay, than in a fifty light-year leap. I say space travel is overrated. And it’s a fact, I’ve heard, that spacemen themselves prefer the interplanetary runs. They take the dull interstellar watches as a matter of duty, by turns.”
Here and there the tunnel branched off, signs indicating the way to Alpha Centauri Jump, Tau Ceti Jump, Epsilon Eridani Jump, all the long-colonized systems. Those were for passengers; freight went by other beams. There was no great bustle along any of the tubes. Comparatively few Earthlings had occasion to visit outsystem on business; still fewer could afford it for pleasure, and of course no colonial came here without a grudging O.K. The Protector had trouble enough; he was not going to expose the mother planet and its restless billions to new ideas born under new skies, nor let any more colonials than he could help see first-hand what an inferior position they held. That was the real reason for the ban, every educated Terrestrial knew as much. The masses, being illiterate, swallowed a vague official excuse about trade policy.
The branches leading to Sirius Jump, Procyon Jump, and the other attained but uncolonizable systems, were almost deserted. Little came from such places — perhaps an occasional gem or exotic chemical. But relay stations had been established there, for ‘casting to more useful planets.
Ryerson’s heart leaped when he passed a newly activated sign: an arrow and WASHINGTON 5584 JUMP burning above. That tunnel would be filled, come next week!
He should have been in the line. And Tamara. Well, there would be later waves. His passage was already paid for, he had had no difficulty about transferring to another section.
To make conversation, he said through a tightness: “Where are the bulkheads?”
“Which ones?” asked Maclaren absently.
“Safety bulkheads. A receiver does fail once in a great while, you know. That’s why the installations here are spread out so much, why every star has a separate ‘caster. There’s a vast amount of energy involved in each transmission — one reason why a ‘casting is more expensive than transportation by spaceship. Even a small increment, undissipated, can melt a whole chamber.”
“Oh, yes. That.” Maclaren had let Ryerson get pompous about the obvious because it was plain he needed something to bolster himself. What itched the kid, anyhow? One should think that when the Authority offered a fledgling a post on an expedition as fundamental as this — Of course, it had upset Ryerson’s plans of emigration. Rut not importantly. There was no danger he would find all the choice sites on Rama occupied if he came several weeks late: too few people had the fare as it was.
Maclaren said, “I see what you mean. Yes, the bulkheads are there, but recessed into the walls and camouflaged. You don’t want to emphasize possible danger to the cash customers, eh? Some technic might get annoyed and make trouble.”
“Some day,” said Ryerson, “they’ll reduce the energy margin needed; and they’ll figure how to reproduce a Frank tube, rather than manufacture it. Record the pattern and recreate from a matter bank. Then anyone can afford to ride the beams. Interplanetary ships, even air and surface craft, will become obsolete.”
Maclaren made no answer. He had sometimes thought, more or less idly, about the unrealized potentialities of matter-casting. Hard to say whether personal immortality would be a good thing or not. Not for the masses, surely! Too many of them as it was. But a select few, like Terangi Maclaren — or was it worth the trouble? Even given boats, chess, music, the-No Drama, beautiful women and beautiful spectroscopes, life could get heavy.
As for matter transmission, the difficulty and hence the expense lay in the complexity of the signal. Consider an adult human. There are some 1014 cells in him, each an elaborate structure involving many proteins with molecular weights in the millions. You had to scan every one of those molecules — identify it structurally, ticket its momentary energy levels, and place it in proper spatio-temporal relationship to every other molecule — as nearly simultaneously as the laws of physics permitted. You couldn’t take a man apart, or reassemble him, in more than a few microseconds; he wouldn’t survive it. You couldn’t even transmit a recognizable beefsteak in much less of a hurry.
So the scanning beam went through and through, like a blade of energy. It touched every atom in its path, was modified thereby, and flashed that modification onto the transmitter matrix. But such fury destroyed. The scanned object was reduced to gas so quickly that only an oscilloscope could watch the process. The gas was sucked into the destructor chamber and atomically condensed in the matter bank; in time it would become an incoming passenger, or incoming freight. In a sense, the man had died.
If you could record the signal which entered the transmitter matrix — you could keep such a record indefinitely, recreate the man and his instantaneous memories, thoughts, habits, prejudices, hopes and loves and hates and horrors, a thousand years afterward. You could create a billion identical men. Or, more practically, a single handmade prototype could become a billion indistinguishable copies; nothing would be worth more than any handful of dirt. Or… superimpose the neurone trace-patterns, memories, of a lifetime, onto a recorded twenty-year-old body, be born again and live forever!
The signal was too complex, though. An unpromising research program went on. Perhaps in a few centuries they would find some trick which would enable them to record a man, or even a Frank tube. Meanwhile, transmission had to be simultaneous with scanning. The signal went out. Probably it would be relayed a few times. Eventually the desired receiving chamber got it. The receiver matrix, powered by dying atomic nuclei, flung gases together, formed higher elements, formed molecules and cells and dreams according to the signal, in microseconds. It was designed as an energy-consuming process, for obvious reasons: packing fraction energy was dissipated in gravitic and magnetic fields, to help shape the man. (Or the beefsteak, or the spaceship, or the colonial planet’s produce.) He left the receiving chamber and went about his business.
A mono-isotopic element is a simple enough signal to record, Maclaren reminded himself, though even that requires a houseful of transistor elements. So this civilization can afford to be extravagant with metals — can use pure mercury as the raw material of a spaceship’s blast, for instance. But we still eat our bread in the sweat of some commoner’s brow.
Not for the first time, but with no great indignation — life was too short for anything but amusement at the human race — Maclaren wondered if the recording problem really was as difficult as the physicists claimed. No government likes revolutions, and molecular duplication would revolutionize society beyond imagining. Just think how they had to guard the stations as it was, and stick them out here on the Moon …otherwise, even today, some fanatic could steal a tube of radium from a hospital and duplicate enough to sterilize a planet!
“Oh, well,” he said, half aloud.
They reached the special exploration section and entered an office. There was red tape to unsnarl. Ryerson let Maclaren handle it, and spent the time trying to understand that soon the pattern which was himself would be embodied in newly-shaped atoms, a hundred light-years from Tamara. It wouldn’t penetrate. It was only words.
Finally the papers were stamped. The transceivers to/from an interstellar spaceship could handle several hundred kilos at a time; Maclaren and Ryerson went together. They had a moment’s wait because of locked safety switches on the Southern Cross: someone else was arriving or departing ahead of them.
“Watch that first step,” said Maclaren. “It’s a honey.”
“What?” Ryerson blinked at him, uncomprehending.
The circuit closed. There was no sensation, the process went too fast.
The scanner put its signal into the matrix. The matrix modulated the carrier wave. But such terminology is mere slang, borrowed from electronics. You cannot have a “wave” when you have no velocity, and gravitational forces do not. (This is a more accurate rendition of the common statement that “gravitation propagates at an infinite speed.") Inconceivable energies surged within a thermonuclear fire chamber; nothing controlled them, nothing could control them, but the force fields they themselves generated. Matter pulsed in and out of existence qua matter, from particle to gamma ray quantum and back. Since quanta have no rest mass, the pulsations disturbed the geometry of space according to the laws of Einsteinian mechanics. Not much: gravitation is feebler than magnetism or electricity. Were it not for the resonance effect, the signal would have been smothered in “noise” a few kilometers away. Even as it was, there were many relayings across the parsecs until the matrix on the Cross reacted. And yet in one sense no time at all had passed; and no self-respecting mathematician would have called the “beam” by such a name. It was, however, a signal, the only signal which relativity physics allowed to go faster than light — and, after all, it did not really go, it simply was.
Despite the pill inside him, Ryerson felt as if the bottom had dropped out of the world. He grabbed for a handhold. The after-image of the transmitter chamber yielded to the coils and banks of the receiver room on a spaceship. He hung weightless, a thousand billion billion kilometers from Earth.
Forward of the ’casting chambers, “above” them during acceleration, were fuel deck, gyros, and air renewal plant. Then you passed through the observation deck, where instruments and laboratory equipment crowded together. A flimsy wall around the shaftway marked off the living quarters: folding bunks, galley, bath, table, benches, shelves, and lockers, all crammed into a six-meter circle.
Seiichi Nakamura wrapped one leg casually around a stanchion, to keep himself from drifting in air currents, and made a ceremony out of leafing through the log-book in his hands. It gave the others a chance to calm down, and the yellow-haired boy, David Ryerson, seemed to need it. The astrophysicist, Maclaren, achieved the unusual feat of lounging in free fall; he puffed an expensive Earth-side cigarette and wrinkled his patrician nose at the pervading smell of an old ship, two hundred years of cooking and sweat and machine oil. The big, ugly young engineer, Sverdlov, merely looked sullen. Nakamura had never met any of them before.
“Well, gentlemen,” he said at last. “Pardon me, I had to check the data recorded by the last pilot. Now I know approximately where we are at.” He laughed with polite self-deprecation. “Of course you are all familiar with the articles. The pilot is captain. His duty is to guide the ship where the chief scientist — Dr. Maclaren-san in this case — wishes, within the limits of safety as determined by his own judgment. In case of my death or disability, command devolves upon the engineer, ah, Sverdlov-san, and you are to return home as soon as practicable. Yes-s-s. But I am sure we will all have a most pleasant and instructive expedition together.”
He felt the banality of his words. It was the law, and a wise one, that authority be defined at once if there were non-Guild personnel aboard. Some pilots contented themselves with reading the regulations aloud, but it had always seemed an unnecessarily cold procedure to Nakamura. Only… he saw a sick bewilderment in Ryerson’s eyes, supercilious humor in Maclaren’s, angry impatience in Sverdlov’s… his attempt at friendliness had gone flat.
“We do not operate so formally,” he went on in a lame fashion. “We shall post a schedule of housekeeping duties and help each other, yes? Well. That is for later. Now as to the star, we have some approximate data and estimates taken by previous watches. It appears to have about four times the mass of Sol; its radius is hardly more than twice Earth’s, possibly less; it emits detectably only in the lower radio frequencies, and even that is feeble. I have here a quick reading of the spectrum which may interest you, Dr. Maclaren.”
The big dark man reached out for it. His brows went up. “Now this,” he said, “is the weirdest collection of wave lengths I ever saw.” He flickered experienced eyes along the column of numbers. “Seems to be a lot of triplets, but the lines appear so broad, judging from the probable errors given, that I can’t be sure without more careful… hm-m-m.” Glancing back at Nakamura: “Just where are we with relation to the star?”
“Approximately two million kilometers from the center of its mass. We are being drawn toward it, of course, since an orbit has not yet been established, but have enough radial velocity of our own to—”
“Never mind.” The sophistication dropped from Maclaren like a tunic. He said with a boy’s eagerness, “I would like to get as near the star as possible. How close do you think you can put us?”
Nakamura smiled. He had a feeling Maclaren could prove likable. “Too close isn’t prudent. There would be meteors.”
“Not around this one!” exclaimed Maclaren. “If physical theory is anything but mescaline dreams, a dead star is the clinker of a supernova. Any matter orbiting in its neighborhood became incandescent gas long ago.”
“Atmosphere?” asked Nakamura dubiously. “Since we have nothing to see by, except starlight, we could hit its air.”
“Hm-m-m. Yes. I suppose it would have some. But not very deep: too compressed to be deep. In fact, the radio photo-sphere, from which the previous watches estimated the star’s diameter, must be nearly identical with the fringes of atmosphere.”
“It would also take a great deal of reaction mass to pull us back out of its attraction, if we got too close,” said Nakamura. He unclipped the specialized slide rule at his belt and made a few quick computations. “In fact, this vessel cannot escape from a distance much less than three-quarters million kilometers, if there is to be reasonable amount of mass left for maneuvering around afterward. And I am sure you wish to explore regions farther from the star, yes-s-s? However, I am willing to go that close.”
Maclaren smiled. “Good enough. How long to arrive?”
“I estimate three hours, including time to establish an orbit.” Nakamura looked around their faces. “If everyone is prepared to go on duty, it is best we get into the desired path at once.”
“Not even a cup of tea first?” grumbled Sverdlov.
Nakamura nodded at Maclaren and Ryerson. “You gentlemen will please prepare tea and sandwiches, and take them to the engineer and myself in about ninety minutes.”
“Now, wait!” protested Maclaren. “We’ve hardly arrived. I haven’t even looked at my instruments. I have to set up—”
“In ninety minutes, if you will be so kind. Very well, let us assume our posts.”
Nakamura turned from Maclaren’s suddenly mutinous look and Sverdlov’s broad grin. He entered the shaftway and pulled himself along it by the rungs. Through the transparent plastic he saw the observation deck fall behind. The boat deck was next, heavy storage levels followed, and then he was forward, into the main turret.
It was a clear plastic bubble, unshuttered now when the sole outside illumination was a wintry blaze of stars.
Floating toward the controls, Nakamura grew aware of the silence. So quiet. So uncountably many stars. The constellations were noticeably distorted, some altogether foreign. He searched a crystal darkness for Capella, but the bulge of the ship hid it from him. No use looking for Sol without a telescope, here on the lonely edge of the known.
Fear of raw emptiness lay tightly coiled within him. He smothered it by routine: strapped himself before the console, checked the instruments one by one, spoke with Sverdlov down the length of the ship. His fingers chattered out a computation on a set of keys, he fed the tape to the robot, he felt a faint tug as the gyros woke up, swiveling the vessel into position for blast. Even now, at the end of acceleration to half light-speed and deceleration to a few hundred kilometers per second, the Cross bore several tons of reaction-mass mercury. The total mass, including hull, equipment, and payload, was a bit over one kiloton. Accordingly, her massive gyroscopes needed half an hour to turn her completely around.
Waiting, he studied the viewscreens. Since he must back down on his goal, what they showed him was more important than what his eyes saw through the turret in the nose. He could not make out the black sun. Well, what do you expect? he asked himself angrily. It must be occulating a few stars, but there are too many. “Dr. Maclaren,” he said into the intercom, “can you give me a radio directional on the target, as a check?”
“Aye, aye.” A surly answer. Maclaren resented having to put his toys to work. He would rather have been taking spectra, reading ionoscopes, gulping gas and dust samples from outside into his analyzers, every centimeter of the way. Well, he would just have to get those data when they receded from the star again.
Nakamura’s eyes strayed down the ship herself, as shown in the viewscreens. Old, he thought. The very nation which built her has ceased to exist. But good work. A man’s work outlives his hands. Though what remains of the little ivory figures my father carved to ornament our house? What chance did my brother have to create, before he shriveled in my arms? No! He shut off the thought, like a surgeon clamping a vein, and refreshed his memory of the Cygnus class.
This hull was a sphere of reinforced self-sealing plastic, fifty meters across, its outside smoothness broken by hatches, ports, air locks, and the like. The various decks sliced it in parallel planes. Aft, diametrically opposite this turret, the hull opened on the fire chamber. And thence ran two thin metal skeletons, thirty meters apart, a hundred meters long, like radio masts or ancient oil derricks. They comprised two series of rings, a couple of centimeters in diameter, with auxiliary wiring and a spidery framework holding it all together — the ion accelerators, built into and supported by the gravitic transceiver web.
“A ten-second test blast, if you please, Engineer Sverdlov,” said Nakamura.
The instruments showed him a certain unbalance in the distribution of mass within the hull. Yussuf bin Suleiman, who had just finished watch aboard the ship and gone back to Earth, was sloppy about… no, it was unjust to think so say that he had his own style of piloting. Nakamura set the pumps to work. Mercury ran from the fuel deck to the trim tanks.
By then the ship was pointed correctly and it was time to start decelerating again. “Stand by for blast … Report … I shall want one-point-five-seven standard gees for—” Nakamura reeled it off almost automatically.
It rumbled in the ship. Weight came, like a sudden fist in the belly. Nakamura held his body relaxed in harness, only his eyes moved, now and then a finger touched a control. The secret of judo, of life, was to hold every part of the organism at ease except those precise tissues needed for the moment’s task — Why was it so damnably difficult to put into practice?
Mercury fed through pipes and pumps, past Sverdlov’s control board, past the radiation wall, into the expansion chamber and through the ionizer and so as a spray past the sunlike heart of a thermonuclear plasma. Briefly, each atom endured a rage of mesons. It broke down, gave up its mass as pure energy, which at once became proton-antiproton pairs. Magnetic fields separated them as they were born: positive and negative particles fled down the linear accelerators. The plasma, converting the death of matter directly to electricity, charged each ring at a successively higher potential. When the particles emerged from the last ring, they were traveling at three-fourths the speed of light.
At such an exhaust velocity, no great mass had to be discharged. Nor was the twin stream visible; it was too efficient. Sensitive instruments might have detected a pale gamma-colored splotch, very far behind the ship, as a few opposite charges finally converged on each other, but that effect was of no importance.
The process was energy-eating. It had to be. Otherwise surplus heat would have vaporized the ship. The plasma furnished energy to spare. The process was a good deal more complex than a few words can describe, and yet less so than an engineer accustomed to more primitive branches of his art might imagine.
Nakamura gave himself up to the instruments. Their readings checked out with his running computation. The Cross was approaching the black star in a complex spiral curve, the resultant of several velocities and two accelerating vectors, which would become a nearly circular orbit seven hundred fifty thousand kilometers out.
He started to awareness of time when Ryerson came up the shaftway rungs. “Oh,” he exclaimed.
“Tea, sir,” said the boy shyly.
“Thank you. Ah… set it down there, please… the regulations forbid entering this turret during blast without inquiring of the — No, no. Please!” Nakamura waved a hand, laughing. “You did not know. There is no harm done.”
He saw Ryerson, stooped under one and a half gravities, lift a heavy head to the foreign stars. The Milky Way formed a cold halo about his tangled hair. Nakamura asked gently, “This is your first time in extrasolar space, yes?”
“Y-yes, sir.” Ryerson licked his lips. The blue eyes were somehow hazy, unable to focus closer than the nebulae.
“Do not—” Nakamura paused. He had been about to say, “Do not be afraid,” but it might hurt. He felt after words. “Space is a good place to meditate,” he said. “I use the wrong word, of course. ‘Meditation,’ in Zen, consists more of an attempt at identification with the universe than verbalized thinking. What I mean to say,” he floundered, “is this: Some people feel themselves so helplessly small out here that they become frightened. Others, remembering that home is no more than a step away through the transmitter, become careless and arrogant, the cosmos merely a set of meaningless numbers to them. Both attitudes are wrong, and have killed men. But if you think of yourself as being a part of everything else — integral — the same forces in you which shaped the suns do you see?”
“The heavens declare the glory of God,” whispered Ryerson, “and the firmament showeth His handiwork… It is a terrible thing to fall into the hands of the living God.”
He had not been listening, and Nakamura did not understand English. The pilot sighed. “I think you had best return to the observation deck,” he said. “Dr. Maclaren may have need of you.”
Ryerson nodded mutely and went back down the shaft.
I preach a good theory, Nakamura told himself. Why can I not practice it? Because a stone fell from heaven onto Sarai, and suddenly father and mother and sister and house were not. Because Hideki died in my arms, after the universe had casually tortured him. Because I shall never see Kyoto again, where every morning was full of cool bells. Because I am a slave of myself
And yet, he thought, sometimes I have achieved peace. And only in space.
Now he saw the dead sun through a viewscreen, when his ship swung so that it transitted the Milky Way. It was a tiny blackness. The next time around, it had grown. He wondered if it was indeed blacker than the sky. Nonsense. It should reflect starlight, should it not? But what color was metallic hydrogen? What gases overlay the metal? Space, especially here, was not absolutely black: there was a certain thin but measurable nebular cloud around the star. So conceivably the star might be blacker than the sky.
“I must ask Maclaren,” he murmured to himself. “He can measure it, very simply, and tell me. Meditation upon the concept of blacker than total blackness is not helpful, it seems.” That brought him a wry humor, which untensed his muscles. He grew aware of weariness. It should not have been; he had only been sitting here and pressing controls. He poured a cup of scalding tea and drank noisily and gratefully.
Down and down. Nakamura fell into an almost detached state. Now the star was close, not much smaller than the Moon seen from Earth. It grew rapidly, and crawled still more rapidly around the circle of the viewscreens. Now it was as big as Batu, at closest approach to Sarai. Now it was bigger. The rhythms entered Nakamura’s blood. Dimly, he felt himself become one with the ship, the fields, the immense interplay of forces. And this was why he went again and yet again into space. He touched the manual controls, assisting the robots, correcting, revising, in a pattern of unformulated but bodily known harmonies, a dance, a dream, yielding, controlling, unselfness, Nirvana, peace and wholeness.
The shock rammed Nakamura’s spine against his skull. He felt his teeth clashed together. Blood from a bitten tongue welled in his mouth. Thunder roared between the walls.
He stared into the screens, clawing for comprehension. The ship was a million or so kilometers out. The black star was not quite one degree wide, snipped out of an unnamed alien constellation. The far end of the ion accelerator system was white hot. Even as Nakamura watched, the framework curled up, writhed like fingers in agony, and vaporized.
“What’s going on?” Horror bawled from the engine room.
The thrust fell off and weight dropped sickeningly. Nakamura saw hell eat along the accelerators. He jerked his eyes around to the primary megameter. Its needle sank down a tale of numbers. The four outermost rings were already destroyed. Even as he watched, the next one shriveled.
It could not be felt, but he knew how the star’s vast hand clamped on the ship and reeled her inward.
Metal whiffed into space. Underloaded, the nuclear system howled its anger. Echoes banged between shivering decks.
“Cut!” cried Nakamura. His hand slapped the pilot’s master switch.
The silence that fell, and the no-weight, were like death.
Someone’s voice gabbled from the observation deck.
Automatically, Nakamura chopped that interference out of the intercom circuit. “Engineer Sverdlov,” he called. “What happened? Do you know what is wrong?”
“No. No.” A groan. But at least the man lived. “Somehow the the ion streams… seem to have… gotten diverted.
The focusing fields went awry. The blast struck the rings — but it couldn’t happen!”
Nakamura hung onto his harness with all ten fingers. I will not scream, he shouted. I will not scream.
“The ‘caster web seems to be gone, too,” said a rusty machine using his throat. His brother’s dead face swam among the stars, just outside the turret, and mouthed at him.
“Aye.” Sverdlov must be hunched over his own viewscreens. After a while that tingled, he said harshly: “Not yet beyond repair. All ships carry a few replacement parts, in case of meteors or — We can repair the web and transmit ourselves out of here.”
“How long to do that job? Quickly!”
“How should I know?” A dragon snarl. Then: “I’d have to go out and take a closer look. The damaged sections will have to be cut away. It’ll probably be necessary to machine some fittings. With luck, we can do it in several hours.”
Nakamura paused. He worked his hands together, strength opposing strength; he drew slow breaths, rolled his head to loosen the neck muscles, finally closed his eyes and contemplated peace for as long as needful. And a measure of peace came. The death of this little ego was not so terrible after all, provided said ego refrained from wishing to hold Baby-san in its arms just one more time.
Almost absently, he punched the keys of the general computer. It was no surprise to see his guess verified.
“Are you there?” called Sverdlov, as if across centuries. “Are you there, pilot?”
“Yes. I beg your pardon. Several hours to repair the web, did you say? By that time, drifting free, we will have crashed on the star.”
“What? But—”
“Consider its acceleration of us. And we still have inward radial velocity of our own. I think I can put us into an orbit before the whatever-it-is force has quite destroyed the accelerators. Yes.”
“But you’ll burn them up! And the web! We’ll damage the web beyond repair!”
“Perhaps something can be improvised, once we are in orbit. But if we continue simply falling, we are dead men.”
“No!” Almost, Sverdlov shrieked. “Listen, maybe we can repair the web in time. Maybe we’ll only need a couple of hours for the job. There’s a chance. But caught in an orbit, with the web melted or vaporized… do you know how to build one from raw metal? I don’t!”
“We have a gravitics specialist aboard. If anyone can fashion us a new transmitter, he can.”
“And if he can’t, we’re trapped out here! To starve! Better to crash and be done!”
Nakamura’s hands began to dance over the keyboard. He demanded data of the instruments, calculations of the computers, and nothing of the autopilot. For no machine could help steer a vessel whose thrust-engine was being unpredictably devoured. This would be a manual task.
“I am the captain,” he said, as mildly as possible.
“Not any more!”
Nakamura slapped his master switch. “You have just been cut out of the control circuits,” he said. “Please remain at your post.” He opened the intercom to the observation deck. “Will the two honorable scientists be so kind as to stop the engineer from interfering with the pilot?”
For a moment, the rage in Chang Sverdlov was such that blackness flapped before his eyes.
When he regained himself, he found the viewscreens still painted with ruin. Starlight lay wan along the frail network of the transceiver web and the two sets of rings which it held together. At the far end the metal glowed red. A few globs of spattered stuff orbited like lunatic fireflies. Beyond the twisted burnt-off end of the system, light-years dropped away to the cold blue glitter of a thousand crowding stars. The dead sun was just discernible, a flattened darkness. It seemed to be swelling visibly. Whether that was a real effect or not, Sverdlov felt the dread of falling, the no-weight horrors, like a lump in his belly.
He hadn’t been afraid of null-gee since he was a child. In his cadet days, he had invented more pranks involving free fall than any two other boys. But he had never been cut off from home in this fashion. Krasna had never been more than an interplanetary flight or an interstellar Jump away.
And that cookbook pilot would starve out here to save his worthless ship?
Sverdlov unbuckled his harness. He kicked himself across the little control room, twisted among the pipes and wheels and dials of the fuel-feed section like a swimming fish, and came to the tool rack. He chose a long wrench and arrowed for the shaftway. His fury had chilled into resolution: I don’t want to kill him, but he’ll have to be made to see reason. And quickly, or we really will crash!
He was rounding the transmitter chamber when deceleration resumed. He had been going up by the usual process, grab a rung ahead of you and whip your weightless body beyond. Suddenly two Terrestrial gravities snatched him.
He closed fingers about one of the bars. His left arm straightened, with a hundred and ninety kilos behind. The hand tore loose. He let go the wrench and caught with his right arm, jamming it between a rung and the shaft wall. The impact smashed across his biceps. Then his left hand clawed fast and he hung. He heard the wrench skid past the gyro housing, hit a straight dropoff, and clang on the after radiation shield.
Gasping, he found a lower rung with his feet and sagged for a minute. The right arm was numb, until the pain woke in it. He flexed the fingers. Nothing broken.
But he was supposed to be in harness. Nakamura’s calculations might demand spurts of ten or fifteen gravities, if the accelerators could still put out that much. The fear of being smeared across a bulkhead jolted into Sverdlov. He scrambled over the rungs. It was nightmarishly like climbing through glue. After a thousand years he burst into the living quarters.
Maclaren sat up in one of the bunks. “No further, please,” he said.
The deceleration climbed a notch. His weight was iron on Sverdlov’s shoulders. He started back into the shaft. “No!” cried Ryerson. But it was Maclaren who flung off bunk harness and climbed to the deck. The brown face gleamed wet, but Maclaren smiled and said: “Didn’t you hear me?”
Sverdlov grunted and re-entered the shaft, both feet on a rung. I can make it up to the bubble and get my hands on Nakamura’s throat. Maclaren stood for a gauging instant, as Sverdlov’s foot crept toward the next rung. Finally the physicist added with a sneer in the tone: “When a technic says sit, you squat… colonial.”
Sverdlov halted. “What was that?” he asked slowly.
“I can haul you out of there if I must, you backwoods pig,” said Maclaren, “but I’d rather you came to me.
Sverdlov wondered, with an odd quick sadness, why he responded. Did an Earthling’s yap make so much difference? He decided that Maclaren would probably make good on that promise to follow him up the shaft, and under this weight a fight on the rungs could kill them both. Therefore — Sverdlov’s brain seemed as heavy as his bones. He climbed back and stood slumping on the observation deck. “Well?” he said.
Maclaren folded his arms. “Better get into a bunk,” he advised.
Sverdlov lumbered toward him. In a shimmery wisp of tunic, the Earthling looked muscular enough, but he probably massed ten kilos less, and lacked several centimeters of the Krasnan’s height and reach. A few swift blows would disable him, and it might still not be too late to stop Nakamura.
“Put up your fists,” said Sverdlov hoarsely.
Maclaren unfolded his arms. A sleepy smile crossed his face. Sverdlov came in, swinging at the eagle beak. Maclaren’s head moved aside. His hands came up, took Sverdlov’s arm, and applied a cruel leverage. Sverdlov gasped, broke free by sheer strength, and threw a blow to the ribs. Maclaren stopped that fist with an edge-on chop at the wrist behind it; almost, Sverdlov thought he felt the bones crack. They stood toe to toe. Sverdlov drew back the other fist. Maclaren punched him in the groin. The Krasnan doubled over in a jag of anguish. Maclaren rabbit-punched him. Sverdlov went to one knee. Maclaren kicked him in the solar plexus. Sverdlov fell over and struck the floor with three gravities to help.
Through a wobbling, ringing darkness, he heard the Earthling: “Help me with this beef, Dave.” And he felt himself dragged across the floor, somehow manhandled into a bunk and harnessed.
His mind returned. Pain stabbed and flickered through him. He struggled to sit up. “That was an Earthman way to fight,” he pushed out through a swelling mouth.
“I don’t enjoy fighting,” said Maclaren from his own bunk, “so I got it over with as soon as possible.”
“You—” the Krasnan lifted grotesquely heavy hands and fumbled with his harness. “I’m going to the control turret. If you try to stop me this time—”
“You’re already too late, brother Sverdlov,” said Maclaren coolly. “Whatever you were setting out to forestall has gone irrevocably far toward happening.”
The words were a physical blow.
“It’s… yes,” said the engineer. “I’m too late.” The shout burst from him: “We’re all too late, now!”
“Ease back,” said Maclaren. “Frankly, your behavior doesn’t give me much confidence in your judgment about anything.”
It rumbled through the ship. That shouldn’t be, thought Sverdlov’s training; even full blast ought to be nearly noiseless, and this was only fractional. Sweat prickled his skin. For the first time in a violent life, he totally realized that he could die.
“I’m sorry for what I called you,” said Maclaren. “I had to stop you, but now I apologize.”
Sverdlov made no answer. He stared up at a blank ceiling. Oddly, his first emotion, as rage ebbed, was an overwhelming sorrow. Now he would never see Krasna made free.
Silence and no-weight were dreamlike. For a reason obscure to himself, Maclaren had dimmed the fluoros around the observation deck, so that twilight filled it and the scientific apparatus crouched in racks and on benches seemed to be a herd of long-necked monsters. Thus there was nothing to drown the steely brilliance of the stars, when you looked out an unshuttered port.
The star hurtled across his field of view. Her eccentric orbit took the Cross around it in thirty-seven minutes. Here, at closest approach, they were only half a million kilometers away. The thing had the visual diameter of three full Moons. It was curiously vague of outline: a central absolute blackness, fading toward deep gray near the edges where starlight caught an atmosphere more savagely compressed than Earth’s ocean abyss. Through the telescope, there seemed to be changeable streaks and mottlings, bands, spots, a hint of color too faint for the eye to tell… as if the ghosts of burned-out fires still walked.
Quite oblate, Maclaren reminded himself. That would have given us a hint, if we’d known. Or the radio spectrum; now I realize, when it’s too late, that the lines really are triplets, and their broadening is Doppler shift.
The silence was smothering.
Nakamura drifted in. He poised himself in the air and waited quietly.
“Well?” said Maclaren.
“Sverdlov is still outside, looking at the accelerators and web,” said Nakamura. “He will not admit there is no hope.”
“Neither will I,” said Maclaren.
“Virtually the whole system is destroyed. Fifty meters of it have vanished. The rest is fused, twisted, short-circuited; a miracle it continued to give some feeble kind of blast, so I could at least find an orbit.” Nakamura laughed. Maclaren thought that that high-pitched, apologetic giggle was going to be hard to live with, if one hadn’t been raised among such symbols. “We carry a few spare parts, but not that many.”
“Perhaps we can make some,” said Maclaren.
“Perhaps,” said Nakamura. “But of course the accelerators are of no importance in themselves, the reconstruction of the web is the only way to get home… What has the young man Ryerson to say about that?”
“Don’t know. I sent him off to check the manifest and then look over the stuff the ship actually carries. He’s been gone a long time, but—”
“I understand,” said Nakamura. “It is not easy to face a death sentence when one is young.”
Maclaren nodded absently and returned his gaze to the scribbled data sheets in one hand. After a moment, Nakamura cleared his throat and said awkwardly: “Ah… I beg your pardon… about the affair of Engineer Sverdlov—”
“Well?” Maclaren didn’t glance up from the figures. He had a lot of composure of his own to win back.
The fact is, he thought through a hammer-beat in his temples, I am the man afraid. Now that there is nothing I can do, only a cold waiting until word is given me whether I can live or must die… I find that Terangi Maclaren is a coward.
Sickness was a doubled fist inside his gullet.
“I am not certain what, er, happened,” stumbled Nakamura, “and I do not wish to know. If you will be so kind… I hope you were not unduly inconvenienced—”
“No. It’s all right.”
“If we could tacitly ignore it. As I think he has tried to do. Even the best men have a breaking point.”
I always knew that there must one day be an end to white sails above green water, and to wine, and to masks, and a woman’s laughter. I had not expected it yet.
“After all,” said Nakamura, “we must work together now.”
I had not expected it a light-century from the home of my fathers. My life was spent in having fun, and now I find that the black star has no interest at all in amusing me.
“Do you know yet what happened?” asked Nakamura. “I would not press you for an answer, but—”
“Oh, yes,” said Maclaren. “I know.”
Beneath a scrapheap of songs and keels, loves and jokes and victories, which mattered no longer but would not leave him, Maclaren found his brain working with a startling dry clarity. “I’m not sure how much we can admit to the others,” he said. “Because this could have been averted, if we’d proceeded with more caution.”
“I wondered a little at the time.” Nakamura laughed again. “But who would look for danger around a… a corpse?”
“Broadened spectrum lines mean a quickly rotating star,” said Maclaren. “Since the ship was not approaching in the equatorial plane, we missed the full Doppler effect, but we might have stopped to think. And tripled lines mean a Zeeman splitting.”
“Ah.” Nakamura sucked in a hiss of air. “Magnetism?”
“The most powerful bloody magnetic field ever noticed around any heavenly body,” said Maclaren. “Judging from the readings I get here, the polar field is… ph, I can’t say yet. Five, six, seven thousand gauss — somewhere on that order of magnitude. Fantastic! Sol’s field is only fifty-three gauss. They don’t ever go much above two thousand. Except here.”
He rubbed his chin. “Blackett effect,” he went on. The steadiness of his words was a faintly pleasing surprise to him. “Magnetic field is directly related to angular velocity. The reason no live sun has a field like this dead thing here is that it would have to rotate too fast. Couldn’t take the strain; it would go whoomp and scatter pieces of star from hell to tiffin.” An odd, perverse comfort in speaking lightly: a lie to oneself, persuading the subconscious mind that its companions were not doomed men and a black sun, but an amorous girl waiting for the next jest in a Citadel tavern. “As this star collapsed on itself, after burning out, it had to spin faster, d’ you see? Conservation of angular momentum. It seems to have had an unusual amount to start with, of course, but the rotational speed is chiefly a result of its degenerate state. And that same super-density allows it to twirl with such indecent haste. You might say the bursting strength is immensely greater.”
“Yes,” said Nakamura. “I see.”
“I’ve been making some estimates,” said Maclaren. “It didn’t actually take a very strong field to wreck us. We could easily have been protected against it. Any ion-drive craft going close to a planet is — a counter-magnetic circuit with a feedback loop — elementary. But naturally, these big ships were not meant to land anywhere. They would certainly never approach a live sun this close, and the possibility of this black dwarf having such a vicious magnetism… well, no one ever thought of it.”
He shrugged. “Figure it out yourself, Captain Nakamura. The old H, r, v formula. A proton traveling at three-fourths c down a hundred-meter tube is deflected one centimeter by a field of seven one-hundredths gauss. We entered such a field at a million kilometers out, more or less. A tenuous but extremely energetic stream of ionized gas hit the outermost accelerator ring. I make the temperature equivalent of that velocity to be something like three million million degrees Absolute, if I remember the value of the gas constant correctly.
The closer to the star we got, the stronger field we were in, so the farther up the ions struck.
“Of course,” finished Maclaren in a tired voice, “all these quantities are just estimates, using simple algebra. Since we slanted across the magnetic field, you’d need a vectoral differential equation to describe exactly what happened. You might find occasion to change my figures by a factor of five or six. But I think I have the general idea.”
“Yes-s-s,” said Nakamura, “I think you do.”
They hung side by side in dimness and looked out at the eye-hurting bright stars.
“Do you know,” said Maclaren, “there is one sin which is punished with unfailing certainty, and must therefore be the deadliest sin in all time. Stupidity.”
“I am not so sure.” Nakamura’s reply jarred him a little, by its sober literal-mindedness. “I have known many… well, shall I call them unintellectual people… who lived happy and useful lives.”
“I wasn’t referring to that kind of stupidity.” Maclaren went through the motions of a chuckle. “I meant our own kind. Yours and mine. We bear the guilt, you know. We should have stopped and thought the situation over before rushing in. I did want to approach more slowly, measuring as we went, and you overruled me.”
“I am ashamed,” said Nakamura. He bent his face toward his hands.
“No, let me finish. I should have come here with a well-thought-out program in mind. I gave you no valid reasons not to establish a close-in orbit at once. My only grumble was that you wouldn’t allow me time to take observations as we went toward the star. You were perfectly justified, on the basis of the information available to you — Oh, the devils take it! I bring this up only so you’ll know what topics to avoid with our shipmates — who must also bear some of the blame for not thinking — because we can’t afford quarrels.” Maclaren felt his cheeks crease in a sort of grin. “I have no interest in the guilt question anyway. My problem is strictly pragmatic: I want out of here!”
Ryerson emerged from the living-quarter screen. Maclaren saw him first as a shadow. Then the young face came so near that he could see the eyes unnaturally bright and the lips shaking.
“What have you found, Dave?” The question ripped from him before he thought.
Ryerson looked away from them both. Thickly: “We can’t do it. There aren’t enough replacement parts to make a f-f-functioning… a web — we can’t.”
“I knew that,” said Nakamura. “Of course. But we have instruments and machine tools. There is bar metal in the hold, which we can shape to our needs. The only problem is—”
“Is where to get four kilos of pure germanium!” Ryerson screamed it. The walls sneered at him with echoes. “Down on that star, maybe?”
Square and inhuman in a spacesuit, Sverdlov led the way through the engineroom air lock. When Ryerson, following, stepped forth onto the ship’s hull, there was a moment outside existence.
He snatched for his breath. Alien suns went streaming past his head. Otherwise he knew only blackness, touched by meaningless dull splashes. He clawed after anything real. The motion tore him loose and he went spinning outward toward the dead star. But he felt it just as a tide of nausea, his ears roared at him, the scrambled darks and gleams made a wheel with himself crucified at the hub. He was never sure if he screamed.
The lifeline jerked him to a halt. He rebounded, more slowly. Sverdlov’s sardonic voice struck his earphones: “Don’t be so jumpy next time, Earthling,” and there was a sense of direction as the Krasnan began to reel him in.
Suddenly Ryerson made out a pattern. The circle of shadow before him was the hull. The metallic shimmers projecting from it… oh, yes, one of the auxiliary tank attachments. The mass-ratio needed to reach one-half c with an exhaust velocity of three-fourths c is 4.35 — relativistic formulas apply rather than the simple Newtonian exponential — and this must be squared for deceleration. The Cross had left Sol with a tank of mercury on either side, feeding into the fuel deck. Much later, the empty containers had been knocked down into parts of the aircraft now stowed inboard.
Ryerson pulled his mind back from the smugness of engineering data. Beyond the hull, and around it, behind him, for X billion light-years on all sides, lay the stars. The nearer ones flashed and glittered and stabbed his eyes, uncountably many. The outlines they scrawled were not those Ryerson remembered from Earth: even the recognizable constellations, like Sagittarius, were distorted, and he felt that as a somehow ghastly thing, as if it were his wife’s face which had melted and run. The farther stars blent into the Milky Way, a single clotted swoop around the sky, the coldest color in all reality. And yet farther away, beyond a million light-years, you could see more suns — a few billion at a time, formed into the tiny blue-white coils of other galaxies.
Impact jarred Ryerson’s feet. He stood erect, his bootsoles holding him by a weak stickiness to the plastic hull. There was just enough rotation to make the sky move slowly past his gaze. It created a dim sense of hanging head down; he thought of ghosts come back to the world like squeaking bats. His eyes sought Sverdlov’s vague, armored shape. It was so solid and ugly a form that he could have wept his gratitude.
“All right,” grunted the Krasnan. “Let’s go.”
They moved precariously around the curve of the ship. The long thin frame-sections lashed across their backs vibrated to their cautious footfalls. When they reached the lattice jutting from the stern, Sverdlov halted. “Show you a trick,” he said. “Light doesn’t diffuse in vacuum, makes it hard to see an object in the round, so-” He squeezed a small plastic bag with one gauntleted hand. His flashbeam snapped on, to glow through a fine mist in front of him. “It’s a heavy organic liquid. Forms droplets which hang around for hours before dissipating. Now, what d’ you think of the transceiver web?”
Ryerson stooped awkwardly, scrambled about peering for several minutes, and finally answered: “It bears out what you reported. I think all this can be repaired. But we’ll have to take most of the parts inboard, perhaps melt them down — re-machine them, at least. And we’ll need wholly new sections to replace what boiled away. Have we enough bar metal for that?”
“Guess so. Then what?”
“Then—” Ryerson felt sweat form beneath his armpits and break off in little globs. “You understand I am a graviticist, not a mattercasting engineer. A physicist would not be the best possible man to design a bridge; likewise, there’s much I’ll have to teach myself, to carry this out. But I can use the operating manual, and calculate a lot of quantities afresh, and well… I think I could recreate a functioning web. The tuning will be strictly cut-and-try: you have to have exact resonance to get any effect at all, and the handbook assumes that such components as the distortion oscillator will have precise, standardized dimensions and crystal structure. Since they won’t — we have not the facilities to control it, even if I could remember what the quantities are — well, once we’ve rebuilt what looks like a workable web, I’ll have to try out different combinations of settings, perhaps for weeks, until well, Sol or Centauri or… or any of the stations, even another spaceship… resonates—”
“Are you related to a Professor Broussard of Lomonosov Academy?” interrupted the other man.
“Why, no. What—”
“You lecture just like he used to. I am not interested in the theory and practice of mattercasting. I want to know, can we get home?”
Ryerson clenched a fist. He was glad that helmets and darkness hid their two faces. “Yes,” he said. “If all goes well. And if we can find four kilos of germanium.”
“What do you want that for?” Sverdlov asked.
“Do you see those thick junction points in the web? They are, uh, you might call them giant transistors. Half the lattice is gone: there, the germanium was simply whiffed away. I do know the crystallo-chemical structure involved. And we can get the other elements needed by cannibalizing, and there is an alloying unit aboard which could be adapted to manufacture the transistors themselves. But we don’t have four spare kilos of germanium aboard.”
Sverdlov’s tone grew heavy with skepticism: “And that balloon head Maclaren means to find a planet? And mine the stuff?”
“I don’t know—” Ryerson wet his lips. “I don’t know what else we can do.”
“But this star went supernova!”
“It was a big star. It would have had many planets. Some of the outermost ones… if they were large to start with may have survived.”
“Ha! And you’d hunt around on a lump of fused nickel-iron, without even a sun in the sky, for germanium ore?”
“We have an isotope separator. It could be adapted to… I haven’t figured it out yet, but — For God’s sake!” Ryerson found himself screaming. “What else can we do?”
“Shut up!” rapped Sverdlov. “When I want my earphones broken I’ll use a hammer.”
He stood in a swirl of golden fog, and the gray-rimmed black eye of the dead star marched behind him. Ryerson crouched back, hooked into the framework and waiting. At last Sverdlov said: “It’s one long string of ifs. But a transistor doesn’t do anything a vacuum tube can’t.” He barked a laugh. “And we’ve got all the vacuum we’ll ever want. Why not design and make the equivalent electronic elements? Ought to be a lot easier than — repairing the accelerators, and scouring space for a planet.”
“Design them?” cried Ryerson “And test them, and redesign them, and — Do you realize that on half rations we have not quite six months’ food supply?”
“I do,” said Sverdlov. “I feel it in my belly right now.” He muttered a few obscenities. “All right, then. I’ll go along with the plan. Though if that clotbrain of a Nakamura hadn’t—”
“He did the only thing possible! Did you want to crash us?”
“There are worse chances to take,” said Sverdlov. “Now what have we got, but six months of beating our hearts out and then another month or two to die?” He made a harsh noise in the radiophone, as if wanting to spit. “I’ve met Sarai settlers before. They’re worse than Earthlings for cowardice, and nearly as stupid.”
“Now, wait—” began Ryerson. “Wait, let’s not quarrel—”
“Afraid of what might happen?” jeered Sverdlov. “You don’t know your friend Maclaren’s dirty-fighting tricks, do you?”
The ship whirled through a darkness that grew noisy with Ryerson’s uneven breathing. He raised his hands against the bulky robot shape confronting him. “Please,” he stammered. “Now wait, wait, Engineer Sverdlov.” Tears stung his eyes. “We’re all in this together, you know.”
“I wondered just when you’d be coming up with that cliché,” snorted the Krasnan. “Having decided it would be oh, so amusing to tell your society friends, how you spent maybe a whole month in deep space, you got me yanked off the job I really want to do, and tossed me into a situation you’d never once stopped to think about, and wrecked us all — and now you tell me, We’re all in this together!’ “Suddenly he roared his words:
“You mangy son of a muckeating cockroach, I’ll get you back — not for your sake, nor for your wife’s — for my own planet, d’you hear? They need me there!”
It grew very still. Ryerson felt how his heartbeat dropped down to normal, and then still further, until he could no longer hear his own pulse. His hands felt chilly and his face numb. A far and terrified part of him thought, So this is how it feels, when the God of Hosts lays His hand upon a man, but he stared past Sverdlov, into the relentless white blaze of the stars, and said in a flat voice:
“That will do. I’ve heard the story of the poor oppressed colonies before now. I think you yourself are proof that the Protectorate is better than you deserve. As for me, I never saw a milli of this supposed extortion from other planets: my father worked his way up from midshipman to captain, my brothers and I went through the Academy on merit, as citizens of the poorest and most overcrowded world in the universe. Do you imagine you know what competition is? Why, you blowhard clodhopper, you wouldn’t last a week on Earth. As a matter of fact, I myself had grown tired of the struggle. If it weren’t for this wretched expedition, my wife and I would have started for a new colony next week. Now you make me wonder if it’s wise. Are all colonials like you — just barely brave enough to slander an old man when they’re a safe hundred light-years away?”
Sverdlov did not move. The slow spin of the Cross brought the black star into Ryerson’s view again. It seemed bigger, as the ship swooped toward periastron. He had a horrible sense of falling into it. Thou, God, watchest me, with the cold ashen eye of wrath. The silence was like a membrane stretched close to ripping.
Finally, very slow, the bass voice came. “Are you prepared to back up those words, Earthling?”
“Right after we finish here!” shouted Ryerson.
“Oh.” A moment longer. Then: “Forget it. Maybe I did speak out of turn. I’ve never known an Earthman who wasn’t an enemy of some kind.”
“Did you ever try to know them?”
“Forget it, I said. I’ll get you home. I might even come around one day and say hello, on your new planet. Now let’s get busy here. Our first job is to start the accelerators operating again.”
The weakness which poured through David Ryerson was such that he wondered if he would have fallen under gravity. Oh, Tamara, he thought, be with me now. He remembered how they had camped on a California beach… had it all to themselves, no one lived in the deserts eastward… and the gulls had swarmed around begging bread until both of them were helpless with laughter. Now why should he suddenly remember that, out of all the times they had had?
When the mind gave up and the mathematics became a blur, there was work for Maclaren’s hands. Sverdlov, and Ryerson under him, did the machine-tool jobs; Nakamura’s small fingers showed such delicacy that he was set to drawing wire and polishing control-ring surfaces. Maclaren was left with the least skilled assignment, least urgent because he was always far ahead of the consumption of his product: melting, separating, and re-alloying the fused salvage from ion accelerators and transceiver web.
But it was tricky in null-gee. There could not be any significant spin on the ship or assembly, out on the lattice, it would have become too complicated for so small a gang of workers. Coriolis force would have created serious problems even for the inboard jobs. On the other hand, weightless melt had foul habits. Maclaren’s left arm was still bandaged, the burn on his forehead still a crimson gouge.
It didn’t seem to matter. When he looked in a mirror, he hardly recognized his face. There hadn’t been much physical change yet, but the expression was a stranger’s. And his life had narrowed to these past weeks, behind them lay only a dream. In moments when there was nothing else to do he might still play a quick chess game with Sverdlov, argue the merits of No versus Kabuki with Nakamura, or shock young Ryerson by a well-chosen dirty limerick. But thinking back, he saw how such times had become more and more sparse. He had quit trying to make iron rations palatable, when his turn in the galley came up; he had not sung a ballad for hundreds of the Cross’ black-sun years. He shaved by the clock and hung onto fastidiousness of dress as pure ritual, the way Nakamura contemplated his paradoxes or Ryerson quoted his Bible or Sverdlov thumbed through his nude photographs of past mistresses. It was a way of telling yourself, I am still alive.
There came a moment when Maclaren asked what he was doing other than going through the motions of survival. That was a bad question.
“You see,” he told his mirror twin, “it suggests a further inquiry: Why? And that’s the problem we’ve been dodging all our mutual days.”
He stowed his electric razor, adjusted his tunic, and pushed out of the tiny bathroom. The living section was deserted, as it had been most of the time. Not only were they all too busy to sit around, but it was too narrow.
Outside its wall, he moved through the comfort of his instruments. He admitted frankly that his project of learning as much as possible of the star was three-quarters selfish. It was not really very probable that exact knowledge of its atmospheric composition would be of any use to their escape. But it offered him a chance, for minutes at a time, to forget where he was. Of course, he did not admit the fact to anyone but himself. And he wondered a little what reticences the other men had.
This time he was not alone. Nakamura hovered at an observation port. The pilot’s body was outlined with unwavering diamond stars. But as the dead sun swung by, Maclaren saw him grow tense and bring a hand toward his eyes, as if to cover them.
He drifted soundlessly behind Nakamura. “Boo,” he said.
The other whirled around in air, gasping. As the thresh of arms and legs died away, Maclaren looked upon terror.
“I’m sorry!” he exclaimed. “I didn’t think I’d startle you.”
“I… it is nothing.” Nakamura’s brown gaze held some obscure beggary. “I should not have — It is nothing.”
“Did you want anything of me?” Maclaren offered one of his last cigarettes. Nakamura accepted it blindly, without even saying thanks. Something is very wrong with this lad, thought Maclaren. Fear drained in through the glittering viewport. And he’s the only pilot we’ve got.
“No. I had… I was resting a few moments. One cannot do precision work when… tired… yes-s-s.” Nakamura’s hunger-gaunted cheeks caved in with the violence of his sucking on the tobacco. A little crown of sweat-beads danced around his head.
“Oh, you’re not bothering me.” Maclaren crossed his legs and leaned back on the air. “As a matter of fact, I’m glad of your company. I need someone to talk with.”
Nakamura laughed his meaningless laugh. “We should look to you for help, rather than you to us,” he said. “You are the least changed of us all.”
“Oh? I thought I was the most affected. Sverdlov hankers for his women and his alcohol and his politics. Ryerson wants back to his shiny new wife and his shiny new planet. You’re the local rock of ages. But me—” Maclaren shrugged. “I’ve nothing to anchor me.”
“You have grown quieter, yes.” The cigarette in Nakamura’s hand quivered a little, but his words came steadily now.
“I have begun to wonder about things.” Maclaren scowled at the black sun. By treating it as a scientific problem, he had held at arm’s length the obsession he had seen eating at Ryerson — who grew silent and large-eyed and reverted to the iron religion he had once been shaking off — and at Sverdlov, who waxed bitterly profane. So far, Maclaren had not begun thinking of the star as a half-alive malignancy. But it would be all too easy to start.
“One does, sooner or later.” Nakamura’s tone held no great interest. He was still wrapped up in his private horror, and that was what Maclaren wanted to get him out of.
“But I don’t wonder efficiently. I find myself going blank, when all I’m really doing is routine stuff and I could just as well be thinking at my problems.”
“Thought is a technique, to be learned,” said Nakamura, “just as the uses of the body—” He broke off. “I have no right to teach. I have failed my own masters.”
“I’d say you were doing very well. I’ve envied you your faith. You have an answer.”
“Zen does not offer any cut-and-dried answers to problems. In fact, it tries to avoid all theory. No human system can comprehend the infinite real universe.”
“And that is my failure,” whispered Nakamura. “I look for an explanation. I do not want merely to be. No, that is not enough… out here, I find that I want to be justified.”
Maclaren stared into the cruelty of heaven. “I’ll tell you something,” he said. “I’m scared spitless.”
“What? But I thought—”
“Oh, I have enough flip retorts to camouflage it. But I’m as much afraid to die, I’m struggling as frantically and with as little dignity, as any trapped rat. And I’m slowly coming to see why, too. It’s because I haven’t got anything but my own life — my own minute meaningless life of much learning and no understanding, much doing and no accomplishing, many acquaintances and no friends — it shouldn’t be worth the trouble of salvaging, should it? And yet I’m unable to see any more in the entire universe than just that: a lot of scurrying small accidents of organic chemistry, on a lot of flyspeck planets. If things made even a little sense, if I could see there was anything at all more important than this bunch of mucous membranes labeled Terangi Maclaren… why, then there’d be no reason to fear my own termination. The things that mattered would go on.”
Nakamura smoked in silence for a while. Maclaren finished his own cigarette in quick nervous puffs, fought temptation, swore to himself and lit another.
“I didn’t mean to turn you into a weeping post,” he said. And he thought: The hell I didn’t. I fed you your psychological medicine right on schedule. Though perhaps I did make the dose larger than planned.
“I am unworthy,” said Nakamura. “But it is an honor.”
He stared outward, side by side with the other man. “I try to reassure myself with the thought that there must be beings more highly developed than we,” he said.
“Are you sure?” answered Maclaren, welcoming the chance to be impersonal. “We’ve never found any that were even comparable to us. In the brains department, at least. I’ll admit the Van Mannen’s abos are more beautiful, and the Old Thothians more reliable and sweet tempered.”
“How much do we know of the galaxy?”
“Um-m-m… yes.”
“I have lived in the hope of encountering a truly great race. Even if they are not like gods — they will have their own wise men. They will not look at the world just as we do. From each other, two such peoples could learn the unimaginable, just as the high epochs of Earth’s history came when different peoples interflowed. Yes-s-s. But this would be so much more, because the difference is greater. Less conflict. What reason would there be for it? And more to offer, a billion years of separate experience as life forms.”
“I can tell you this much,” said Maclaren, “the Protectorate would not like it. Our present civilization couldn’t survive such a transfusion of ideas.”
“Is our civilization anything so great?” asked Nakamura with an unwonted scornfulness.
“No. I suppose not.”
“We have a number of technical tricks. Doubtless we could learn more from such aliens as I am thinking of. But what we would really learn that mattered — for this era of human history lacks one — would be a philosophy.”
“I thought you didn’t believe in philosophies.”
“I used a wrong word. I meant a do — a way. A way of. . an attitude? That is what life is for, that is your ‘Why’ — it is not a mechanical cause-and-effect thing, it is the spirit in which we live.”
Nakamura laughed again. “But hear the child correcting the master! I, who cannot even follow the known precepts of Zen, ask for help from the unknown! Were it offered me, I would doubtless crawl into the nearest worm-hole.”
And suddenly the horror flared up again. He grabbed Maclaren’s arm. It sent them both twisting around, so that their outraged senses of balance made the stars whirl in their skulls. Maclaren felt Nakamura’s grip like ice on his bare skin.
“I am afraid!” choked the pilot. “Help me! I am afraid!”
They regained their floating positions. Nakamura let go and took a fresh cigarette with shaking fingers. The silence grew thick.
Maclaren said at last, not looking toward the Saraian: “Why not tell me the reason? It might relieve you a bit.”
Nakamura drew a breath. “I have always been afraid of space,” he said. “And yet called to it also. Can you understand?”
“Yes. I think I know.”
“It has—” Nakamura giggled. “Unsettled me. All my life. First, as a child I was taken from my home on Earth, across space. And now, of course, I can never come back.”
“I have some pull in the Citadel. A visa could be arranged.”
“You are very kind. I am not sure whether it would help. Kyoto cannot be as I remember it. If it has not changed, surely I have, yes-s-s? But please let me continue. After a few years on Sarai, there was a meteor fall which killed all my family except my brother. A stone from space, do you see? We did not think of it that way, then. The monastery raised us. We got scholarships to an astronautical academy. We made a voyage together as cadets. Have you heard of the Firdawzi disaster?”
“No, I’m afraid not.” Maclaren poured smoke from his mouth, as a veil against the cosmos.
“Capella is a GO star like Sol, but a giant. The Firdawzi had been long at the innermost planet of the system, a remote-controlled survey trip. The radiations caused a metal fatigue. No one suspected. On our cruise, the ship suddenly failed. The pilot barely got us into an orbit, after we had fallen a long way toward Capella. There we must wait until rescue came. Many died from the heat. My brother was one of them.”
Stillness hummed.
“I see,” said Maclaren at last.
“Since then I have been afraid of space. It rises into my consciousness from time to time.” Maclaren stole a glance at Nakamura. The little man was lotus-postured in midair, save that he stared at his hands and they twisted together. Wretchedness overrode his voice. “And yet I could not stop my work either. Because out in space I often seem to come closer to oneness… that which we all seek, what you have called understanding. But here, caught in this orbit about this star, the oneness is gone and the fear has grown and grown until I am afraid I will have to scream.”
“It might help,” said Maclaren.
Nakamura looked up. He tried to smile. “What do you think?” he asked.
Maclaren blew a meditative cloud of smoke. Now he would have to pick his words with care — and no background or training in the giving of succor-or lose the only man who could pull this ship free. Or lose Nakamura: that aspect of it seemed, all at once, more important.
“I wonder,” Maclaren murmured, “even in an absolutely free society, if any such thing could exist — I wonder if every man isn’t afraid of his bride.”
“What?” Nakamura’s lids snapped apart in startlement.
“And needs her at the same time,” said Maclaren. “I might even extend it beyond sex. Perhaps fear is a necessary part of anything that matters. Could Bach have loved his God so magnificently without being inwardly afraid of Him? I don’t know.”
He stubbed out his cigarette. “I suggest you meditate upon this,” he said lightly. “And on the further fact, which may be a little too obvious for you to have seen, that this is not Capella.”
Then he waited.
Nakamura made a gesture with his body. Only afterward, thinking about it, did Maclaren realize it was a free-fall prostration. “Thank you,” he said.
“I should thank you,” said Maclaren, quite honestly. “You gave me a leg up too, y’ know.”
Nakamura departed for the machine shop.
Maclaren hung at the viewport a while longer. The rasp of a pocket lighter brought his head around.
Chang Sverdlov entered from the living section. The cigar in his mouth was held at a somehow resentful angle.
“Well,” said Maclaren. “How long were you listening?”
“Long enough,” grunted the engineer.
He blew cheap, atrocious smoke until his pocked face was lost in it. “So,” he asked, “aren’t you going to get mad at me?”
“If it serves a purpose,” said Maclaren.
“Uh!” Sverdlov fumed away for a minute longer. “Maybe I had that coming,” he said.
“Quite probably. But how are the repairs progressing outside?”
“All right. Look here,” Sverdlov blurted, “do me a favor, will you? If you can. Don’t admit to Ryerson, or me, that you’re human — that you’re just as scared and confused as the rest of us. Don’t admit it to Nakamura, even. You didn’t, you know so far… not really. We need a, a, a cocky dude of a born-and-bred technic — to get us through!”
He whirled back into the quarters. Maclaren heard him dive, almost fleeing, aft along the shaftway.
Nakamura noted in the log, which he had religiously maintained, the precise moment when the Cross blasted from the dead star. The others had not even tried to keep track of days. There was none out here. There was not even time, in any meaningful sense of the word — only existence, with an unreal impression of sunlight and leaves and women before existence began, like an inverted prenatal memory.
The initial minutes of blast were no more veritable. They took their posts and stared without any sense of victory at their instruments. Nakamura in the control turret, Maclaren on the observation deck feeding him data, Sverdlov and Ryerson watchful in the engine room, felt themselves merely doing another task in an infinite succession.
Sverdlov was the first who broke from his cold womb and knew himself alive. After an hour of poring over his dials and viewscreens, through eyes bulged by two gravities, he ran a hand across the bristles on his jaw. “Holy fecal matter,” he whispered, “the canine-descended thing is hanging together.”
And perhaps only Ryerson, who had worked outside with him for weeks of hours, could understand.
The lattice jutting from the sphere had a crude, unfinished look. And indeed little had been done toward restoring the transceiver web; time enough for that while they hunted a planet. Sverdlov had simply installed a framework to support his re-fashioned accelerator rings, antimagnetic shielding, circuits, and incidental wires, tubes, grids, capacitors, transformers… He had tested with a milliampere of ion current, cursed, readjusted, tested again, nodded, asked for a full amp, made obscene comments, readjusted, retested, and wondered if he could have done it without Ryerson. It was not so much that he needed the extra hands, but the boy had been impossibly patient. When Sverdlov could take no more electronic misbehavior, and went back into the ship and got a sledge and pounded at an iron bar for lack of human skulls to break, Ryerson had stayed outside trying a fresh hookup.
Once, when they were alone among galaxies, Sverdlov asked him about it. “Aren’t you human, kid? Don’t you ever want to throw a rheostat across the room?”
Ryerson’s tone came gnatlike in his earphones, almost lost in an endless crackling of cosmic noise. “It doesn’t do any good. My father taught me that much. We sailed a lot at home.”
“The sea never forgives you.”
Sverdlov glanced at the other, couldn’t find him in the tricky patching of highlight and blackness, and suddenly confronted Polaris. It was like being stabbed. How many men, he thought with a gasp, had followed the icy North Star to their weird?
“Of course,” Ryerson admitted humbly, “it’s not so easy to get along with people.”
And the lattice grew. And finally it tested sound, and Sverdlov told Nakamura they could depart.
The engine which had accelerated the Cross to half light speed could not lift her straight away from this sun. Nor could her men have endured a couple of hundred gravities, even for a short time. She moved out at two gees, her gyros holding the blast toward the mass she was escaping, so that her elliptical orbit became a spiral. It would take hours to reach a point where the gravitational field had dropped so far that a hyperbolic path would be practicable.
Sverdlov crouched in his harness, glaring at screens and indicators. That cinder wasn’t going to let them escape this easily! He had stared too long at its ashen face to imagine that. There would be some new trick, and he would have to be ready. God, he was thirsty! The ship did have a water-regenerating unit, merely because astronautical regulations at the time she was built insisted on it. Odd, owing your life to some bureaucrat with two hundred years of dust on his own filing cabinets. But the regenerator was inadequate and hadn’t been used in all that time. No need for it: waste material went into the matterbank, and was reborn as water or food or anything else, according to a signal sent from the Lunar station with every change of watch.
But there were no more signals coming to the Cross. Food, once eaten, was gone for good. Recycled water was little more than enough to maintain life. Fire and thunder! thought Sverdlov, I can smell myself two kilometers away. I might not sell out the Fellowship for a bottle of beer, but the Protector had better not offer me a case.
A soft brroom-brroom-brroom pervaded his awareness, the engine talked to itself. Too loud somehow. The instruments read O.K., but Sverdlov did not think an engine with a good destiny would make so much noise. He glanced back at the viewscreens. The black sun was scarcely visible. It couldn’t be seen at all unless you knew just where to look. The haywired ugliness of the ion drive made a cage for stars. The faintest blue glow wavered down the rings. Shouldn’t be, of course. Inefficiency. St. Elmo’s fire danced near the after end of the assembly. “Engine room to pilot. How are we making out?”
“Satisfactory.” Nakamura’s voice sounded thin. It must be a strain, yes, he was doing a hundred things manually for which the ship lacked robots. But who could have anticipated — ?
Sverdlov narrowed his eyes. “Take a look at the tail of this rig, Dave,” he said. “The rear negatron ring. See anything?”
“Well—” The boy’s eyes, dark-rimmed and bloodshot, went heavily after Sverdlov’s pointing finger. “Electrostatic discharge, that blue light—”
“See anything else?” Sverdlov glanced uneasily at the megameters. He did not have a steady current going down the accelerators, it fluctuated continually by several per cent. But was the needle for the negatron side creeping ever so slowly downward?
“No. No, I can’t.”
“Should’a put a thermocouple in every ring. Might be a very weak deflection of ions, chewing at the end-most till all at once its focusing goes blooey and we’re in trouble.”
“But we tested every single — And the star’s magnetic field is attenuating with every centimeter we advance.”
“Vibration, my cub-shaped friend. It’d be easy to shake one of those jury-rigged magnetic coils just enough out of alignment to — Hold it!”
The terminal starboard coil glowed red Blue electric fire squirted forth and ran up the lattice. The negative megameter dropped ten points and Sverdlov felt a little surge as the ship wallowed to one side from an unbalanced thrust.
“Engine room stopping blast!” he roared. His hand had already gone crashing onto the main lever.
The noise whined away to a mumble. He felt himself pitched off a cliff as high as eternity.
“What’s the trouble?” barked Maclaren’s voice.
Sverdlov relieved himself of a few unrepeatable remarks. “Something’s gone sour out there. The last negatron accelerator began to glow and the current to drop. Didn’t you feel us yaw?”
“Oh, Lord, have mercy,” groaned Ryerson. He looked physically sick. “Not again.”
“Ah, it needn’t be so bad,” said Sverdlov. “Me, I’m surprised the mucking thing held together this long. You can’t do much with baling wire and spit, you know.” Inwardly, he struggled with a wish to beat somebody’s face.
“I presume we are in a stable orbit,” said Nakamura. “But I would feel a good deal easier if the repair can be made soon. Do you want any help?”
“No. Dave and I can handle it. Stand by to give us a test blast.”
Sverdlov and Ryerson got into their spacesuits. “I swear this smells fouler every day,” said the Krasnan. “I didn’t believe I could be such a filth generator.” He slapped down his helmet and added into the radio: “So much for man the glorious starconqueror.”
“No,” said Ryerson.
“The stinks are only the body. That isn’t important. What counts is the soul inside.”
Sverdlov cocked his bullet head and stared at the other armored shape. “Do you actually believe that guff?”
“I’m sorry, I didn’t mean to preach or—”
“Never mind. I don’t feel like arguing either.” Sverdlov laughed roughly. “I’ll give you just one thing to mull over, though. If the body’s such a valueless piece of pork, and we’ll all meet each other in the sweet bye and bye, and so on, why’re you busting every gut you own to get back to your wife?”
He heard an outraged breath in his earphones. For a moment he felt he had failed somehow. There was no room here for quarrels. Ah, shaft it, he told himself. If an Earthling don’t like to listen to a colonial, he can jing-bangle well stay out of space.
They gathered tools and instruments in a silence that smoldered. When they left the air lock, they had the usual trouble in seeing. Then their pupils expanded and their minds switched over to the alien gestalt. A raw blaze leaped forth and struck them.
Feeling his way aft along the lattice, Sverdlov sensed his anger bleed away. The boy was right — it did no good to curse dead matter. Save your rage for those who needed it, tyrants and knaves and their sycophants. And you might even wonder — it was horrible to think — if they were worth it either. He stood with ten thousand bitter suns around him; but none was Sol or Tau Ceti. 0 Polaris, death’s lodestar, are we as little as all that?
He reached the end of the framework, clipped his life line on, and squirted a light-diffusing fog at the ring. Not too close, he didn’t want it to interfere with his ion stream, but it gave him three-dimensional illumination. He let his body float out behind while he pulled himself squinting-close to the accelerator.
“Hm-m-m, yes, it’s been pitted,” he said. “Naturally it would be the negatron side which went wrong. Protons do a lot less harm, striking terrene matter. Hand me that counter, will you?”
Ryerson, wordless and faceless, gave him the instrument. Sverdlov checked for radioactivity. “Not enough to matter,” he decided. ‘We won’t have to replace this ring, we stopped the process in time. By readjusting the magnetic coils we can compensate for the change in the electric focusing field caused by its gnawed-up shape. I hope.”
Ryerson said nothing. Good grief, thought Sverdlov, did I offend him that much? Hitherto they had talked a little when working outside, not real conversation but a trivial remark now and then, a grunt for response… just enough to drown out the hissing of the stars.
“Hello, pilot. Give me a microamp. One second duration.”
Sverdlov moved out of the way. Even a millionth of an ampere blast should be avoided, if it was an anti-proton current.
Electric sparks crawled like ivy over the bones of the accelerator. Sverdlov, studying the instruments he had planted along the ion path, nodded. “What’s the potentiometer say, Dave?” he asked. “If it’s saying anything fit to print, I mean.”
“Standard,” snapped Ryerson.
Maybe I should apologize, thought Sverdlov. And then, in a geyser: Judas, no! If he’s so thin-skinned as all that, he can rot before I do.
The stars swarmed just out of reach. Sometimes changes in the eyeball made them seem to move. Like flies. A million burning flies. Sverdlov swatted, unthinkingly, and snarled to himself.
After a while it occurred to him that Ryerson’s nerves must also be rubbed pretty thin. You shouldn’t expect the kid to act absolutely sensibly. I lost my own head at the very start of this affair, thought Sverdlov. The memory thickened his temples with blood. He began unbolting the Number One magnetic coil as if it were an enemy he must destroy as savagely as possible.
“O.K., gimme another microamp one-second test.”
“Try shifting Number Two a few centimeters forward,” said Ryerson.
“You crazy?” snorted Sverdlov. Yes, I suppose we’re all a bit crazy by now. “Look, if the deflected stream strikes here, you’ll want to bend it down like so and—”
“Never mind.” Ryerson could not be seen to move, in the bulk of his armor, but Sverdlov imagined him turning away with a contemptuous shrug. It took several minutes of tinkering for the Krasnan to realize that the Earthling had visualized the interplay of forces correctly.
He swallowed. “You were right,” he emitted.
“Well, let’s get it reassembled,” said Ryerson coldly.
Very good, Earth snob, sir. Sverdlov attacked the coils for several more minutes. “Test blast.” Not quite. Try another setting. “Test blast. Repeat.” That seemed to be it. “Give me a milliamp this time… A full amp… hm-m-m.” The current had flowed too short a time to heat the ring, but needles wavered wildly.
“We’re still getting some deflection,” said Sverdlov. “Matter of velocity distribution. A certain small percentage of the particles have abnormal velocities and—” He realized he was crouched under Ryerson’s hidden eyes babbling the obvious. “I’ll try sliding this one a wee bit more aside. Gimme that vernier wrench — So. One amp test blast, please.”
There was no further response from the instruments. Ryerson let out a whistling sigh. “We seem to have done it,” he said.
We? thought Sverdlov. Well, you handed me a few tools!
Aloud: “We won’t know for sure till full thrust is applied.”
“Of course.” Ryerson spoke hesitantly. Sverdlov recognized the tone, it was trying to be warm. Ryerson was over his fit of temper.
Well, I’m not!
“There isn’t anything to be done about that except to try it and see, is there?” went on the Earthling.
“And if we still get significant deflection, drag on our suits and crawl back here — maybe a dozen times? No!”
“Why, that was how we did it before.”
“I’m getting awfully hungry,” said Sverdlov. Suddenly it flared out of him. “I’m sick of it! I’m sick of being cooped up in my own stink, and yours, I’m sick of the same stupid faces and the same stupid remarks, yes, the same stars even! I’ve had enough! Get on back inside. I’ll stay here and watch under acceleration. If anything goes wrong, I’ll be right on the spot to fix it.”
Nakamura’s voice crackled above the mutter of stars. “What are you thinking of, Engineer Sverdlov? Two gravities would pull you off the ship! And we’re not maneuverable enough to rescue you.”
“This life line is tested for two thousand kilos,” said the Krasnan. “It’s standard procedure to make direct high-acceleration checks on the blast.”
“By automatic instruments.”
“Which we haven’t got. Do you know the system is fully adjusted? Are you so sure there isn’t some small cumulative effect, so the thing will quit on you one day when you need it the most?”
Maclaren’s tone joined in, dry and somehow remote: “This is a curious time to think about that.”
“I am the engineer,” said Sverdlov stiffly. “Read the ship’s articles again.”
“Well,” said Nakamura. “Well, but—”
“It would save time,” said Ryerson. “Maybe even a few days’ worth of time, if the coils really are badly maladjusted.”
“Thanks, Dave,” said Sverdlov clumsily.
“Well,” said Nakamura, “you have the authority, of course. But I ask you again—”
“All I ask of you is two gravities’ worth of oof for a few seconds,” interrupted Sverdlov. “When I’m satisfied this ring will function properly, so we won’t have to be forever making stops like this, I’ll come inside.”
He hooked his legs about the framework and began resetting the instruments clamped onto it. “Get on back, Dave,” he said.
“Why… I thought I would—”
“No need to.”
“But there is! You can’t read every dial simultaneously, and if there’s work to be done you’ll need help.”
“I’ll call you if I want you. Give me your tool belt.” Sverdlov took it from reluctant hands and buckled it around himself. “There is a certain amount of hazard involved, Dave. If I should be unlucky, you’re the closest approximation to an engineer the ship will have. She can’t spare both of us.”
“But why take any risk at all?”
“Because I’m sick of being here! Because I’ve got to fight back at that black coal or start howling! Now get inside!”
As he watched the other blocky shape depart him, Sverdlov thought: I am actually not being very rational, am I now? But who could expect it, a hundred light-years from the sun?
As he made ready, he puzzled over what had driven him. There was the need to wrestle something tangible; and surely to balance on this skeleton of metal, under twice his normal weight, was a challenge. Beyond that, less important really, was the logic of it: the reasons he had given were sound enough as far as they went, and you could starve to death while proceeding at the pace of caution.
And below it all, he thought, was a dark wish he did not understand. Li-Tsung of Krasna would have told him to live at all costs, sacrifice all the others, to save himself for his planet and the Fellowship. But there were limits. You didn’t have to accept Dave’s Calvinism — though its unmerciful God seemed very near this dead star — to swallow the truth that some things were more important than survival. Than even the survival of a cause.
Maybe I’m trying to find out what those things are, he thought confusedly.
He crawled “up” till his feet were braced on a cross-member, with the terminal accelerator ring by his right ankle but the electroprober dial conveniently near his faceplate. His right hand gripped a vernier wrench, his left drew taut the life line. “Stand by for blast,” he said into his radio. “Build up to two gees over a one-minute period, then hold it till I say cut.”
Nothing happened for a while except the crawling of the constellations as gyros brought the ship around. Good boy, Seiichi! He’d get some escape distance out of even a test blast. “Stand by,” it said in Sverdlov’s earphones. And his weight came back to him, until he felt an exultant straining in the muscles of shoulder and arm and leg and belly; until his heart thudded loud enough to drown out the thin crackling talk of the stars.
The hull was above him now, a giant sphere upheld on twin derricks. Down the middle of each derrick guttered a ghostly blue light, and sparks writhed and fountained at junction points. The constellations shone chill through the electric discharge.
Inefficient, thought Sverdlov. The result of reconstruction without adequate instruments. But it’s pretty. Like festival fireworks. He remembered a pyrotechnic display once, when he was small. His mother had taken him. They sat on a hired catamaran and watched wonder explode softly above the lake.
“Uh,” grunted Sverdlov. He narrowed his eyes to peer at the detector dial. There certainly was a significant deflection yet, when whole grams of matter were being thrown out every second. It didn’t heat up the ring very much, maybe not enough to notice; but negatrons plowed through terrene electron shells, into terrene nuclei, and atoms were destroyed. Presently there would be crystal deformation, fatigue, ultimate failure. He reported his findings and added with a sense of earned boasting: “I was right. This had to be done.”
“I shall halt blast, then. Stand by.”
Weightlessness came back. Sverdlov reached out delicately with his wrench, nipped a coil nut, and loosened the bolt. He shifted the coil itself backward. “I’ll have this fixed in a minute. There! Now give me three gees for about thirty seconds, just to make sure.”
“Three? Are you certain you—”
“I am. Fire!”
It came to Sverdlov that this was another way a man might serve his planet: just by being the right kind of man. Maybe a better way than planning the extinction of people who happened to live somewhere else. Oh, come off it, he told himself, next thing you’ll be teaching a Humane League kindergarten.
The force on him climbed, and his muscles rejoiced in it. At three gees there was no deflection against the ring or was there? He peered closer. His right hand, weighted by the tool it still bore, slipped from the member on which it had been leaning. Sverdlov was thrown off balance. He flung both arms wide, instinctively trying not to fall. His right went between the field coils and into the negatron stream.
Fire sprouted.
Nakamura cut the drive. Sverdlov hung free, staring by starlight at his arm. The blast had sliced it across as cleanly as an industrial torch. Blood and water vapor rushed out and froze in a small cloud, pale among the nebulae.
There was no pain. Not yet. But his eardrums popped as pressure fell. “Engine room!” he snapped. A part of him stood aside and marveled at his own mind. What a survival machine, when the need came! “Emergency! Drop total accelerator voltage to one thousand. Give me about ten amps down the tube. Quick!”
He felt no weight, such a blast didn’t exert enough push on the hull to move it appreciably. He thrust his arm back into the ion stream. Pain did come now, but in his head, as the eardrums ruptured. One minute more and he would have the bends. The gas of antiprotons roared without noise around the stump of his wrist. Steel melted. Sverdlov prodded with a hacksaw gripped in his left hand, trying to seal the spacesuit arm shut.
He seemed far away from everything. Night ate at his brain. He asked himself once in wonderment: “Was I planning to do this to other men?”
When he thought the sleeve was sealed, he withdrew it. “Cut blast,” he whispered. “Come and get me.” His airtanks fed him oxygen, pressure climbed again inside the suit. It was good to float at the end of a life line, breathing. Until he began to strangle on his own blood. Then he gave up and accepted the gift of darkness.
Now, about winter solstice, day was a pale glimmer, low in the south among steel-colored clouds. Tamara had been walking since the first light sneaked across the ocean, and already the sun was close to setting. She wondered if space itself could be blacker than this land. At least you saw the stars in space. On Skula you huddled indoors against the wind, and the sky was a blind whirl of snow.
A few dry flakes gusted as she came down off the moor to the beach. But they carried no warmth with them, there was not going to be a snowfall tonight. The wind streaked in from a thousand kilometers of Atlantic and icebergs. She felt the cold snap its teeth together around her; a hooded cloak was small protection. But she would not go back to the house. Not till day had drained from the world and it would be unsafe to remain outdoors.
She said to herself, drearily: “I would stay here even then, except it might harm the child, and the old man would come looking for me. David, help me, I don’t know which would be worse!”
There was a twisted pleasure in being so honest with herself. By all the conventions, she should be thinking only of David’s unborn baby, herself no more than its vessel. But it was not real to her… not yet… so far it was only sickness in the mornings and bad dreams at night. The reality was Magnus Ryerson, animallike hairiness and a hoarse grumble at her for not doing the housework his way and incomprehensible readings aloud — his island and his sea and his language lessons!
For a moment her hands clawed together. If she could so destroy Magnus Ryerson!
She fought for decorum. She was a lady. Not a technic, but still a professor’s daughter; she could read and write, she had learned to dance and play the flute, pour tea and embroider a dress and converse with learned men so they were not too bored while waiting for her father… the arts of graciousness. Her father would call it contrasocial, to hate her husband’s father. This was her family now.
Her boots picked a way down the hillside, through snow and heather bushes, until she came out on a beach of stones. The sea came directly in here, smashing at heaped boulders with a violence that shivered through the ground. She saw how the combers exploded where they struck. Spindrift stung her skin. Beyond the rocks was only a gray waste of galloping white-bearded waves, and the wind keening down from the Pole. It rolled and boomed and whistled out there.
She remembered a living greenish blue of southern waters, how they murmured up to the foot of palm trees under infinitely tall skies.
She remembered David saying wryly: “My people were Northerners as far back as we can trace it — Picts, Norse, Scots, sailors and crofters on the Atlantic edge — that must be why so many of them have become spacemen in the last several generations. To get away!”
And then, touching her hair with his lips: “But I’ve found what all of them were really looking for.”
It was hard to imagine that David’s warmth and tenderness and laughter had arisen in this tomb of a country. She had always thought of the religion which so troubled him — he first came to know her through her father, professor and student had sat up many nights under Australian stars while David groped for a God not all iron and hellfire — as an alien stamp, as if the legendary Other Race Out There had once branded him. The obscurity of the sect had aided her: Christians were not uncommon even today, but she had vaguely imagined a Protestant was some kind of Moslem.
Now she saw that Skula’s dwellers and Skula’s God had come from Skula itself, with winter seas in their veins. David had not been struggling toward normality; he had been reshaping himself into something which — down underneath — Magnus Ryerson thought was not human. Suddenly, almost blindingly, Tamara remembered a few weeks ago, one night when the old man had set her a ballad to translate. “Our folk have sung it for many hundreds of years,” he said — and how he had looked at her under his heavy brows.
He hath taken off cross and iron helm,
He hath bound his good horse to a limb,
He hath not spoken Jesu name
Since the Faerie Queen did first kiss him.
Tamara struck a fist into one palm. The wind caught her cloak and peeled it from her, so that it flapped at her shoulders like black wings. She pulled it back around her, shuddering.
The sun was a red sliver on the world’s rim. Darkness would come in minutes, so thick you could freeze to death fumbling your way home. Tamara began to walk, quickly, hoping to find a decision. She had not come out today just because the house was unendurable. But her mind had been stiff, as if rusted. She still didn’t know what to do.
Or rather, she thought, I do know, but haven’t saved up enough courage.
When she reached the house, the air was already so murky she could almost not make out whitewashed walls and steep snowstreaked roof. A few yellow gleams of light came through cracks in the shutters. She paused at the door. To go in — ! But there was no choice. She twisted the knob and stepped through. The wind and the sea-growl came in with her.
“Close the door,” said Magnus. “Close the door, you little fool.”
She shut out all but a mumble and whine under the eaves, hung her cloak on a peg and faced around. Magnus Ryerson sat in his worn leather chair with a worn leather-bound book in his hands. As always, as always! How could you tell one day from the next in this den? The radiglobe was turned low, so that he was mostly shadow, with an icicle gleam of eyes and a dirty-white cataract of beard. A peat fire sputtered forlornly, trying to warm a tea kettle on the hob.
Ryerson put the book down on his lap, knocked out his archaic pipe — it had made the air foul in here — and asked roughly: “Where have you been all day, girl? I was about to go look for you. You could turn an ankle and die of exposure, alone on the ling.”
“I didn’t,” said Tamara. She exchanged her boots for zori and moved toward the kitchen.
“Wait!” said Magnus. “Will you never learn? I want my high tea just at 1630 hours — Now. You must be more careful, lass. You’re carrying the last of the Ryersons.”
Tamara stopped. There was a downward slant to the ancient brick floor, she felt vaguely how her body braced itself. More nearly she felt how her chilled skin, which had begun to tingle as it warmed, grew numb again.
“Besides David,” she said.
“If he is alive. Do you still believe it, after all these weeks?” Magnus began scraping out his pipe. He did not look at her.
“I don’t believe he is dead,” she answered.
“The Lunar crew couldn’t establish gray-beam contact. Even if he is still alive, he’ll die of old age before that ship reaches any star where men have an outpost. No, say rather he’ll starve!”
“If he could repair whatever went wrong—”
The muffled surf drums outside rolled up to a crescendo. Magnus tightened his mouth. “That is one way to destroy yourself… hoping,” he said. “You must accept the worst, because there is always more of the worst than the best in this universe.”
She glanced at the black book he called a Bible, heavy on one of the crowded shelves. “Do your holy writings claim that?” she asked. Her voice came out as a stranger’s croak.
“Aye. So does the second law of thermodynamics.” Magnus knocked his pipe against the ashtray. It was an unexpectedly loud noise above the wind.
“And you… and you… won’t even let me put up his picture,” she whispered.
“It’s in the album, with my other dead sons. I’ll not have it on the wall for you to blubber at. Our part is to take what God sends us and still hold ourselves up on both feet.”
“Do you know—” Tamara stared at him with a slowly rising sense of horror. “Do you know, I cannot remember just what he looked like?”
She had had some obscure hope of provoking his rage. But the shaggy-sweatered broad shoulders merely lifted, a little shrug. “Aye, that’s common enough. You’ve the words, blond hair and blue eyes and so on, but they make not any real image. Well, you didn’t know him so very long, after all.”
You are telling me I am a foreigner, she thought. An interloper who stole what didn’t belong to me.
“There’s time to review a little English grammar before tea,” said the old man. “You’ve been terrible with the irregular verbs.”
He put his book on the table — she recognized the title, Kipling’s Poems, whoever Kipling had been — and pointed at a shelf. “Fetch the text and sit down.”
Something flared in the girl. She doubled her fists. “No.”
“What?” The leather face turned in search of her.
“I am not going to study any more English.”
“Not—” Magnus peered as if she were a specimen from another planet. “Don’t you feel well?”
She bit off the words, one after another: “I have better ways to spend my time than learning a dead language.”
“Dead?” cried the man. She felt his rage lift in the air between them. “The language of fifty million—”
“Fifty million ignorant provincials, on exhausted lands between bombed-out cities,” she said. “You can’t step outside the British Isles or a few pockets on the North American coast and have it understood. You can’t read a single modern author or scientist or… or anybody… in English — I say it’s dead! A walking corpse!”
“Your own husband’s language!” he bawled at her, half rising.
“Do you think he ever spoke it to anyone but you, once he’d he’d escaped?” she flung back. “Did you believe… if David ever returns from that ship you made him go on and we go to Rama — did you imagine we’d speak the language of a dying race? On a new world?”
She felt the tears as they whipped down her face, she gulped after breath amidst terror. The old man was so hairy, so huge. When he stood up, the single radiglobe and the wan firelight threw his shadow across her and choked a whole corner of the room with it. His head bristled against the ceiling.
“So now your husband’s race is dying,” he said like a gun. “Why did you marry him, if he was that effete?”
“He isn’t!” she called out. The walls wobbled around her. “You are! Sitting here in your dreams of the past, when your people ruled Earth — a past we’re well out of! David was going where… where the future is!”
“I see,” Magnus Ryerson turned half away from her. He jammed both fists into his pockets, looked down at the floor and rumbled his words to someone else — not her.
“I know. You’re like the others, brought up to hate the West because it was once your master. Your teacher. The white man owned this planet a few centuries ago. Our sins then will follow us for the next thousand years… till your people fail in their turn, and the ones you raised up take revenge for the help they got. Well, I’m not going to apologize for my ancestors. I’m proud of them. We were no more vicious than any other men, and we gave… even on the deathbed of our civilization, we gave you the stars.”
His voice rose until it roared. “And we’re not dead yet! Do you think this miserable Protectorate is a society? It isn’t! It’s not even a decent barbarism. It’s a glorified garrison. It’s one worshipping the status quo and afraid to look futureward. I went to space because my people once went to sea. I gave my sons to space, and you’ll give yours to space, because that’s where the next civilization will be! And you’ll learn the history and the language of our people — your people — you’ll learn what it means to be one of us!”
His words rang away into emptiness. For a while only the wind and a few tiny flames had voice. Down on the strand, the sea worried the island like a terrier with a rat.
Tamara said finally: “I already know what it means. It cost me David, but I know.”
He faced her again, lowered his head and stared as if at an enemy.
“You murdered him,” she said, not loudly. “You sent him to a dead sun to die. Because you—”
“You’re overwrought,” he broke in with tight-held anger. “I urged him to try just one space expedition. And this one was important. It could have meant a deal to science. He would have been proud afterward, whatever he did for a career, to say, ‘I was on the Cross.’”
“So he should die for his pride?” she said. “It’s as senseless a reason as the real one. But I’ll tell you why you really made him go… and if you deny you forced him, I’ll say you lie! You couldn’t stand the idea that one child of yours had broken away — was not going to be wrenched into your image — had penetrated this obscene farce of space exploration, covering distance for its own sake, as if there were some virtue in a large number of kilometers. David was going to live as nature meant him to live, on a living soil, with untanked air to breathe and with mountains to walk on instead of a spinning coffin… and his children would too… we would have been happy! And that was what you couldn’t stand to have happen!”
Magnus grinned without humor. “There’s a lot of meaningless noise for a symbolics professor’s daughter to make,” he said. “To begin at the end, what proof have you we were meant to be happy?”
“What proof have you we were meant to jump across lightyears?” she spat. “It’s another way of running from yourself — no more. It’s not even a practical thing. If the ships only looked for planets to colonize, I could understand. But… the Cross herself was aimed for three giants! She was diverted to a black clinker! And now David is dead… for what? Scientific curiosity? You’re not a research scientist, neither was he, and you know it. Wealth? He wasn’t being paid more than he could earn on Earth. Glory? Few enough people on Earth care about exploration; not many more on Rama; he, not at all. Adventure? You can have more adventure in an hour’s walk through a forest than in a year on a spaceship. I say you murdered your son because you saw him becoming sane!”
“Now that’s enough,” growled Magnus. He took a step toward her. “I’ve heard enough out of you. In my own house. And I never did hold with this new-fangled notion of letting a woman yap—”
“Stand back!” she yelled. “I’m not your wife!”
He halted. The lines in his face grew suddenly blurred. He raised his artificial hand as if against a blow.
“You’re my son’s wife,” he said, quite gently. “You’re a Ryerson too… now.”
“Not if this is what it means.” She had found the resolution she sought. She went to the wall and took her cloak off its peg. “You’ll lend me your aircar for a hop to Stornoway, I trust. I will send it back on auto-pilot and get transport for myself from there.”
“But where are you going?” His voice was like a hurt child’s.
“I don’t know,” she snapped. “To some place with a bearable climate. David’s salary is payable to me till he’s declared dead, and then there will be a pension. When I’ve waited long enough to be sure he won’t come back, I’m going to Rama.”
“But, lass… propriety—”
“Propriety be damned. I’d rather have David’s child, alive.” She slipped her boots back on, took a flashlight from the cupboard, and went out the door. As she opened it, the wind came straight in and hit Magnus across the face.
“In the land of Chinchanchou,
Where the winds blow tender
From a sea like purple wine
Foaming to defend her,
Lives a princess beautiful
(May the gods amend her!)
Little known for virtue, but
Of most female gender.”
As he came around the gyro housing and pulled himself forward to the observation deck, David Ryerson heard the guitar skitter through half a dozen chords and Maclaren’s voice come bouncing in its wake. He sighed, pushed the lank yellow hair back out of his eyes, and braced himself.
Maclaren floated in the living section. It was almost an insult to see him somehow clean all over, in a white tunic, when each man was allowed a daily spongeful of water for such purposes. And half rations had only leaned the New Zealander down, put angles in his smooth brown countenance; he didn’t have bones jutting up under a stretched skin like Ryerson, or a flushed complexion and recurring toothache like Nakamura. It wasn’t fair!
“Oh, hullo, Dave.” Maclaren continued tickling his strings, but quietly. “How does the web progress?”
“I just clinched the last bolt and spotwelded the last connection. There’s not a thing left except to find that germanium, make the transistors, and adjust the units.” Ryerson hooked an arm around a stanchion and drifted free, staring out of sunken eyes toward emptiness. “God help me,” he murmured, “what am I going to do now?”
“Wait,” said Maclaren. “We can’t do much except wait.” He regarded the younger man for a while. “Frankly, both Seiichi and I found excuses not to help you, did less out there than we might have, for just that reason. I’ve been afraid you would finish the job before we found our planet.”
Ryerson started. Redness crept into his chalky face. “Why, of all the—” His anger collapsed. “I see. All right.”
“These weeks since we escaped have been an unparalleled chance to practice my music,” remarked Maclaren. “I’ve even been composing. Listen.
“In their golden-masted ships
Princes come a-wooing
Over darkling spindrift roads
Where the gales are brewing.
Lusty tales have drawn them thence,
Much to their undoing:
When they seek the lady’s hand
She gives them the—”
“Will you stop that?” screamed Ryerson.
“As you like,” said Maclaren mildly. He put the guitar back into its case. “I’d be glad to teach you,” he offered.
“Care for a game of chess?”
“I wish to all the hells I’d been more of an intellectual,” said Maclaren. “I never was, you know. I was a playboy, even in science. Now… I wish I’d brought a few hundred books with me. When I get back, I’m going to read them.” His smile faded. “I think I might begin to understand them.”
“When we get back?” Ryerson’s thin frame doubled in midair as if for a leap. “If we get back, you mean!”
Nakamura entered. He had a sheaf of scribbled papers in one hand. His face was carefully blank. “I have completed the calculations on our latest data,” he said.
Ryerson shuddered. “What have you found?” he cried. “Negative.”
“Lord God of Israel,” groaned Ryerson. “Negative again.”
“That pretty well covers this orbit, then,” said Maclaren calmly. “I’ve got the elements of the next one computed — somewhere.” He went out among the instruments.
A muscle in Ryerson’s cheek began to jump of itself. He looked at Nakamura for a long time. “Isn’t there anything else we can do?” he asked. “The telescopes, the — Do we just have to sit?”
“We are circling a dead sun,” the pilot reminded him. “There is only feeble starlight to see by. A very powerful instrument might photograph a planet, but not the telescopes we have. Not at any distance greater than we could find them gravitationally. S-s-so.”
“We could make a big telescope!” exclaimed Ryerson. “We have glass, and… and silver and—”
“I’ve thought of that.” Maclaren’s tones drifted back from the observation section. “You’re welcome to amuse yourself with it, but we’d starve long before a suitable mirror could be ground with the equipment here.”
“But — Maclaren, space is so big! We could hunt for a million years and never find a planet if we can’t… can’t see them!”
“We’re not working quite at random.” Maclaren reappeared with a punched tape. “Perhaps you’ve forgotten the principle on which we are searching. We position ourselves in an orbit about the star, follow it for a while, check our position repeatedly, and compute whether the path has been significantly perturbed. If it has been, that’s due to a planet somewhere, and we can do a Leverrier to find that planet. If not — if we’re too far away — we quarter to another arc of the same path and try again. Having exhausted a whole circumference thus, we move outward and try a bigger circle.”
“Shut up!” rasped Ryerson. “I know it! I’m not a schoolboy. But we’re guessing!”
“Not quite,” said Maclaren. “You were occupied with the web when I worked out the secondary principle… yes, come to think of it, you never did ask me before. Let me explain. You see, by extrapolating from data on known stellar types, I know approximately what this star was like in its palmy days. From this, planetary formation theory gives me the scale of its onetime system. For instance, its planets must have been more or less in the equatorial plane; such quantities as mass, angular momentum, and magnetic field determine the Bode’s Law constants; to the extent that all this is known, I can draw an orbital map.
“Well, then the star went supernova. Its closer planets were whiffed into gas. The outermost giants would have survived, though badly damaged. But the semimajor axes of their orbits were so tremendous — theoretically, planets could have formed as much as a light-year from this star — that even a small percentage of error in the data makes my result uncertain by Astronomical Units. Another factor: the explosion filled this space with gas. We’re actually inside a nonluminous nebula. That would shorten the orbits of the remaining planets; in the course of millions of years they’ve spiraled far inward. In one way that helps us: we’ve an area to search which is not hopelessly huge. But on the other hand, just how long has it been since the accident? What’s the density distribution of the nebula now, and what was it back then? I’ve taken some readings and made some estimates. All very crude, but—” Maclaren shrugged — “what else can we do? The successive orbits we have been trying are, more or less, those I have calculated for the surviving planets as of today. And, of course, intermediate radii to make sure that we will be measurably perturbed no matter where those planets actually are. It’s just a matter of getting close enough to one of them.”
“If our food lasts,” groaned Ryerson. “And we have to eat while we finish the web, too. Don’t forget that.”
“We’re going to have to reorganize our schedules,” declared Maclaren thoughtfully. “Hitherto we’ve found things to keep us occupied. Now we must wait, and not go crazy waiting.” He grinned. “I hereby declare the Southern Cross dirty limerick contest open and offer a prize of—”
“Yes,” said Ryerson. “Great sport. Fun and games, with Chang Sverdlov’s frozen corpse listening in!”
Silence clapped down. They heard the air mumble in the ventilators.
“What else can we do with our poor friend?” asked Nakamura softly. “Send him on a test rocket into the black sun? He deserved better of us. Yes-s-s? Let his own people bury him.”
“Bury a copy of him!” shrieked Ryerson. “Of all the senseless—”
“Please,” said Nakamura. He tried to smile. “After all it is no trouble to us, and it will comfort his friends at home; maybe yes? After all, speaking in terms of atoms, we do not even wish to send ourselves back. Only copies.” He laughed.
“Will you stop that giggling!”
“Please.” Nakamura pushed himself away, lifting astonished hands. “Please, if I have offended you, I am so sorry.”
“So sorry! So sorry! Get out of here! Get out, both of you! I’ve seen more of you than I can stand!”
Nakamura started to leave, still bobbing his head, smiling and hissing in the shaftway. Maclaren launched himself between the other two. He snapped a hand onto either wrist.
“That will do!” They grew suddenly aware, it was shocking, how the eyes burned green in his dark face. His words fell like axes. “Dave, you’re a baby, screaming for mother to come change you. Seiichi, you think it’s enough to make polite noises at the rest of the world. If you ever want to see sunlight again, you’ll both have to mend your ideas.” He shook them a little. “Dave, you’ll keep yourself clean. Seiichi, you’ll dress for dinner and talk with us. Both of you will stop feeling sorry for yourselves and start working to survive. And the next step is to become civilized again. We haven’t got the size, or the time, or the force to beat that star: nothing but manhood. Now go off and start practicing how to be men!”
They said nothing, only stared at him for a few moments and then departed in opposite directions. Maclaren found himself gazing stupidly at his guitar case. I’d better put that away till it’s requested, he thought. If ever. I didn’t stop to think, my own habits might possibly be hard to live with.
After a long time: Seems I’m the captain now, in fact if not in name. But how did it happen? What have I done, what have I got? Presently, with an inward twisting: It must be I’ve less to lose. I can be more objective because I’ve no wife, no children, no cause, no God. It’s easy for a hollow man to remain calm.
He covered his eyes, as if to deny he floated among a million unpitying stars. But he couldn’t hunch up that way for long. Someone might come back, and the captain mustn’t be seen afraid.
Not afraid of death. Of life.
Seen from a view turret on the observation deck, the planet looked eerily like its parent star which had murdered it. Ryerson crouched in darkness, staring out to darkness. Against strewn constellations there lay a gigantic outline with wan streaks and edgings of gray. As he watched, Ryerson saw it march across the Milky Way and out of his sight. But it was the Cross which moved, he thought, circling her hope in fear.
I stand on Mount Nebo, he thought, and down there is my Promised Land.
Irrationally — but the months had made them all odd, silent introverts, Trappists because meaningful conversation was too rare and precious to spill without due heed — he reached into his breast pocket. He took forth Tamara’s picture and held it close to him. Sometimes he woke up breathing the fragrance of her hair. Have a look, he told her. We found it. In a heathen adoration: You are my luck, Tamara. You found it.
As the black planet came back into sight, monstrously swallowing suns — it was only a thousand or so kilometers away — Ryerson turned his wife’s image outward so she could see what they had gained.
“Are you there, Dave?”
Maclaren’s voice came from around the cylinder of the living section. It had grown much lower in this time of search. Often you could scarcely hear Maclaren when he spoke. And the New Zealander, once in the best condition of them all, had lately gotten thinner than the other two, until his eyes stared from caves. But then, thought Ryerson, each man aboard had had to come to terms with himself, one way or another, and there had been a price. In his own case, he had paid with youth.
“Coming.” Ryerson pulled himself around the deck, between the instruments. Maclaren was at his little desk, with a clipboard full of scrawled paper in one hand. Nakamura had just joined him. The Saraian had gone wholly behind a mask, more and more a polite unobtrusive robot. Ryerson wondered whether serenity now lay within the man, or the loneliest circle of hell, or both.
“I’ve got the data pretty well computed,” said Maclaren.
Ryerson and Nakamura waited. There had been curiously little exultation when the planet finally revealed itself. I, thought Ryerson, have become a plodder. Nothing is quite real out here — there is only a succession of motions, in my body and my brain — but I can celebrate no victory, because there is none, until the final and sole victory: Tamara.
But I wonder why Terangi and Seiichi didn’t cheer?
Maclaren ruffled through his papers. “It has a smaller mass and radius than Earth,” he said, “but a considerably higher density suggesting it’s mostly nickel-iron. No satellite, of course. And, even though the surface gravity is a bit more than Earth’s, no atmosphere. Seems to be bare rock down there or metal, I imagine. Solid, anyhow.”
“How large was it once?” murmured Nakamura.
Maclaren shrugged. “That would be pure guesswork,” he said. “I don’t know which planet of the original system this is. One or two of the survivors may have crashed on the primary by now, you see. My personal guess, though, is that it was the 61 Cygni C type — more massive than Jupiter, though of less bulk because of core degeneracy. It had an extremely big orbit. Even so, the supernova boiled away all its hydrogen and probably some of the heavier elements, too. But that took time, and the planet still had this much mass left when the star decayed into a white dwarf. Of course, with the pressure of the outer layers removed, the core reverted to normal density, which must have been a pretty spectacular catastrophe in itself. Since then, the residual stellar gases have been making the planet spiral slowly inward, for hundreds of megayears. And now—”
“Now we found it,” said Ryerson. “With three weeks’ food supply to spare.”
“And the germanium still to get,” said Maclaren.
Nakamura drew a breath. His eyes went to the deck “beneath” his feet. Far aft was a storage compartment which had been left open to the bitterness of space; and a dead man, lashed to a stanchion.
“Had there been four of us,” he said, “we would have consumed our supplies already and be starving. I am most humbly grateful to Engineer Sverdlov.”
Maclaren’s tone was dry. “He didn’t die for that reason.”
“No. But has he given us less merely because it was an accident?”
They floated a while in stillness. Then Maclaren shook himself and said: “We’re wasting time. This ship was never intended to land on a planet. Since I’ve already informed you any world we found might very likely use vacuum for sky, and you didn’t object, I assume the aircraft can make a landing.”
Nakamura crossed his legs and rested impassively, hands folded on his lap. “How familiar are you with the standard exploratory technique?” he inquired.
“Not very,” confessed Maclaren. “I gather that aircraft are preferred for reasons of mass economy.”
“And even more for maneuverability. A nuclear-powered vessel, using wings and turbojets, can rise high into an atmosphere, above the worst air resistance, without having to expend the reaction mass of a rocket. Likewise it can land more easily and safely in the first place. The aircraft which we carry, dismantled, are intended to leave their orbiting mother ship with a short rocket burst, slip into the atmosphere of a new planet, and descend. The return is more difficult, of course, but they get into the stratosphere before applying the non-ionic rocket drive. This in turn takes them into space proper, where their ion accelerators will work. Naturally, the cabins being sealed, any kind of atmosphere will serve them.
“Now, this is for exploration purposes. But these auxiliary craft are also capable of landing on rockets alone. When the time has come to establish a beam-relay station, some airless lifeless satellite is chosen, to avoid the necessity of quarantine. The craft shuttle back and forth, carrying the ship’s dismantled transceiver. This is reassembled on the surface. Thereby the satellite’s own mass becomes available to the matterbank, and any amount of material can be reconstructed according to the signals from the home station. The first things sent through are usually the parts for a much larger transceiver station, which can handle many tons of mass at a time.”
“Well, good,” said Maclaren. “That was more or less what I thought. Let’s land and — oh, oh.”
Ryerson felt a smile tugging his lips, though it was not a happy one. “You see?” he murmured.
Maclaren regarded him closely. “You don’t seem too discouraged,” he said. “There must be an answer.”
Ryerson nodded. “I’ve already spoken with Seiichi about it, while you were busy determining the exact characteristics of the planet. It’s not going to be fun, but — Well, let him tell you.”
Maclaren said slowly: “I had hoped, it was at least possible, that any planet we found would have a surviving satellite, small enough to land the whole ship on, or lay alongside, if you want to consider it that way. It would have been the best thing for us. But I’m sure now that this lump has no companion of any kind. So we’ll have to get our germanium down there.”
“Which we could also have done, had we been fortunate enough to locate the planet sooner,” Nakamura told him. “We can take aircraft down to the surface even now. But we would have to transship all the mining and separating equipment, establish a working space and an airdome — It is too much work for three men to do before our three weeks of supplies are eaten up, and then the actual mining would still remain.”
Maclaren nodded. “I should have thought of this myself,” he said. “I wonder how sane and sensible we are — how can we measure rationality, when we are all the human race we know for tens of light-years? Well. So I didn’t think and you didn’t talk. Nevertheless, I gather there’s a way out of our dilemma.”
“Yes,” said the pilot. “A riskful way, but any other is certain death. We can take the ship down, and use her for our ready-made workshop and airdome.”
“The Cross? But… well, of course the gravitation here is no problem to her, nor the magnetism now that the drive is shielded — but we can’t make a tail landing. We’d crumple the web, and… hell’s clanging bells, she can’t land at all! She’s not designed for it! Not maneuverable enough, why, it takes half an hour just to swing her clear around on gyros.”
Nakamura said calmly, “I have made calculations for some time now, preparing for this eventuality. There was nothing we could do before knowing what we would actually find, but I do have some plans drawn up. We have six knocked-down auxiliary craft. Yes? It will not take long to assemble their non-ionic rocket drives, which are very simple devices, clamp these to the outside hull, and run their control systems through the ship’s console. I think if we all work hard we can have it assembled, tested, and functioning in two or three days. Each pair of rockets should be so mounted as to form a couple which will rotate the ship around one of the three orthogonal space axes. No? Thus the spaceship will become most highly responsive to piloting. Furthermore, we shall cut up the aircraft hulls, as well as whatever else we may need and can spare for this purpose, such as interior fittings. From this, we shall construct a tripod enclosing and protecting the stern assembly. It will be clumsy and unbalanced, of course — but I trust my poor maneuverings can compensate for that — and it will be comparatively weak — but with the help of radar and our powerful ion-blast, the ship can be landed very gently.”
“Hm-m-m.” Maclaren rubbed his chin. His eyes flickered between the other two faces. “It shouldn’t be hard to fix those rocket motors in place, as you say. But a tripod more than a hundred meters long, for a thing as massive as this ship — I don’t know. If nothing else, how about the servos for it?”
“Please.” Nakamura waved his words aside. “I realize we have not time to do this properly. My plan does not envision anything with self-adjusting legs. A simple, rigid structure must suffice. We can use the radar to select a nearly level landing place.”
“All places are, down there,” said Maclaren. “That iron was boiling once, and nothing has weathered it since. Of course, there are doubtless minor irregularities, which would topple us on our tripod — with a thousand tons of mass to hit the ground!”
Nakamura’s eyes drooped. “It will be necessary for me to react quickly,” he said. “That is the risk we take.”
When the ship was prepared, they met once on the observation deck, to put on their spacesuits. The hull might be cracked in landing. Maclaren and Ryerson would be down at the engine controls, Nakamura in the pilot’s turret, strapped into acceleration harness with only their hands left free.
Nakamura’s gaze sought Maclaren’s. “We may not meet again,” he said.
“Possible,” said Maclaren.
The small, compact body held steady, but Nakamura’s face thawed. He had suddenly, after all the time which was gone, taken on an expression; and it was gentle.
“Since this may be my last chance,” he said, “I would like to thank you.”
“Whatever for?”
“I am not afraid any more.”
“Don’t thank me,” said Maclaren, embarrassed. “Something like that, a chap does for himself, y’ know.”
“You earned me the time for it, at least.” Nakamura made a weightless bow. “Sensei, give me your blessing.”
Maclaren said, with a degree of bewilderment: “Look here, everybody else has had more skill, contributed more, than I. I’ve told you a few things about the star and the planet, but you — Dave, at least — could have figured it out with slightly more difficulty. I’d never have known how to reconstruct a drive or a web, though; and I’d never be able to land this ship.”
“I was not speaking of material survival,” said Nakamura. A smile played over his mouth. “Still, do you remember how disorganized and noisy we were at first, and how we have grown so quiet since and work together so well? It is your doing. The highest interhuman art is to make it possible for others to use their arts.” Then, seriously: “The next stage of achievement, though, lies within a man. You have taught me. Knowingly or not, Terangi-san, you have taught me. I would give much to be sure you will… have the chance… to teach yourself.”
Ryerson appeared from the lockers. “Here they are,” he said. “Tin suits all around.”
Maclaren donned his armor and went aft. I wonder how much Seiichi knows. Does he know that I’ve stopped making a fuss about things, that I didn’t exult when we found this planet, not from stoicism but merely because I have been afraid to hope?
I wouldn’t even know what to hope for. All this struggle, just to get back to Earth and resume having fun? No, that’s too grotesque.
“We should have issued the day’s chow before going down,” said Ryerson. “Might not be in any shape to eat it at the other end.”
“Who’s got an appetite under present circumstances?” said Maclaren. “So postponing dinner is one way of stretching out the rations a few more hours.”
“Seventeen days’ worth, now.”
“We can keep going, foodless, for a while longer.”
“We’ll have to,” said Ryerson. He wet his lips. “We won’t mine our metal, and gasify it, and separate out the fractional per cent of germanium, and make those transistors, and tune the circuits, in any seventeen days.”
Maclaren grimaced. “Starvation, or the canned willy we’ve been afflicted with. Frankly, I don’t think there’s much difference.”
Hastily, he grinned at Ryerson, so the boy would know it for a jest. Grumbling was not allowed any more; they didn’t dare. And the positive side of conversation, the dreaming aloud of “when we get home,” had long since worn thin. Dinner-table conversation had been a ritual they needed for a while, but in a sense they had outgrown it. Now a man was driven into his own soul. And that’s what Seiichi meant, thought Maclaren. Only, I haven’t found anything in myself Or, no. I have. But I don’t know what. It’s too dark to see.
He strapped himself in and began checking instruments.
“Pilot to engine room. Read off!”
“Engine room to pilot. Plus voltage clear. Minus voltage clear. Mercury flow standard—”
The ship came to life.
And she moved down. Her blast slowed her in orbit, she spiraled, a featureless planet of black steel called her to itself. The path was cautious. There must be allowance for rotation; there must not be too quick a change of velocity, lest the ponderous sphere go wobbling out of control. Again and again the auxiliary motors blasted, spinning her, guiding her. The ion-drive was not loud, but the rockets roared on the hull like hammers.
And down. And down.
Only afterward, reconstructing confused memories, did Maclaren know what had happened; and he was never altogether sure. The Cross backed onto an iron plain. Her tripod touched, on one foot, on two. The surface was not quite level. She began to topple. Nakamura lifted her with a skill that blended main drive and auxiliaries into one smooth surge — such skill as only an utterly relaxed man could achieve, responding to the immense shifting forces as a part thereof. He rose a few hundred meters, changed position relative to the ground, and tried again. The tripod struck on two points once more. The ship toppled again. The third leg went off a small bluff, no more than a congealed ripple in the iron. It hit ground hard enough to buckle.
Nakamura raised ship barely in time. For an instant he poised in the sky on a single leg of flame, keeping his balance with snorts of rocket thrust. The bottom of the Cross’ stern assembly was not many meters above ground.
Suddenly he killed the ion drive. Even as the ship fell, he spun her clear around on the rotator jets. The Cross struck nose first. The pilot’s turret smashed, the bow caved in, automatic bulkheads slammed shut to save the air that whistled out. That was a great mass, and it struck hard. The sphere was crushed flat for meters aft of the bow. With her drive and her unharmed transceiver web aimed at the sky, the ship rested like Columbus’ egg.
And the stars glittered down upon her.
Afterward Maclaren wondered: Nakamura might well have decided days beforehand that he would probably never be able to land any other way. Or he might have considered that his rations would last two men an extra week. Or perhaps, simply, he found his dark bride.
The planet spun quickly about its axis, once in less than ten hours. There went never a day across its iron plains, but hunger and the stars counted time. There was no wind, no rain, no sea, but a man’s radio hissed with the thin dry talk of the stars.
When he stood at the pit’s edge and looked upward, Maclaren saw the sky sharp and black and of an absolute cold. It had a somehow three-dimensional effect; theory said all those crowding suns, blue-white or frosty gold or pale heartless red, were alike at optical infinity, but the mind sensed remoteness beyond remoteness, and whimpered. Nor was the ground underfoot a comfort, for it was almost as dark, starlit vision reached a few meters and was gulped down. A chopped-off Milky Way and a rising constellation — the one Maclaren had privately named Risus, the Sneer — told him that a horizon existed, but his animal instincts did not believe it.
He sighed, slapped a glare filter across his faceplate, and began cutting. The atomic hydrogen torch was lurid enough to look upon, but it jostled the stars out of his eyes. He cut rapidly, ten-kilo slabs which he kicked down into the pit so they wouldn’t fuse tight again. The hole itself had originally been blasted, but the Cross didn’t carry enough explosive for him to mine all his ore that way.
Ore, he reflected, was a joke. How would two men on foot prospect a sterilized world sealed into vacuum a hundred million years ago? And there would have been little point in it. This planet had boiled once, at least on the surface; and even the metallic core had been heated and churned, quite probably to melting, when crushed atoms expanded to normal dimensions. The entire globe must be nearly uniform, a one alloy lump. You took any piece, crushed it, gasified it, ionized it, put it through the electromagnetic isotope separator, and drew forth as much — or, rather, as minutely little — germanium as any other piece would have given you. From the known rate of extraction by such methods you could calculate when you would have four kilograms. The date lay weeks away.
Maclaren finished cutting, shut off his torch and hung it on its generator, and climbed into the bucket of the crane at the pit’s edge. His flash-beam threw puddles of light on its walls as he was lowered. At the bottom he moved painfully about, loaded the bucket, and rode back to the surface. A small electric truck waited, he spilled the bucket into its box. And then it was to do again, and still again, until he had a full load.
Thank God and her dead designers, the Cross was well equipped for work on airless surfaces, she carried machines to dig and build and transport. But, of course, she had to. It was her main purpose, to establish a new transceiver station on a new moon; everything else could then come straight from the Solar System.
It had been her purpose.
It still was.
Maclaren climbed wearily onto the truck seat. He and his spacesuit had a fourth again their Earth-weight here. His headlights picked out a line of paint leading toward the ship. It had been necessary to blast the pit some distance away, for fear of what ground vibrations might do to the web or the isotope separator. But then a trail had to be blazed, for nature had given no landmarks for guide, this ground was as bare as a skull.
Existence was like lead in Maclaren’s bones.
After a while he made out the Cross, a flattened sphere crowned with a skeleton and the Orion nebula. It was no fun having everything upside down within her; a whole day had gone merely to reinstall the essential items. Well, Seiichi, you did what seemed best, and your broken body lies honored with Chang Sverdlov’s, on the wide plains of iron.
Floodlights glared under the ship. Ryerson was just finishing the previous load, reducing stone to pebbles and thence to dust. Good timing. Maclaren halted his truck and climbed down. Ryerson turned toward him. The undiffused glow reached through his faceplate and picked a sunken, bearded face out of night, little more than nose and cheekbone and bristling jaw. In his unhuman armor, beneath that cavernous sky, he might have been a troll. Or I might, thought Maclaren. Humanity is far from us. We have stopped bathing, shaving, dressing, cooking… pretending; we work till our brains go blank, and then work some more, and crawl up the ladder into the ship for a few hours’ uneasy sleep, and are awakened by the clock, and fool our shriveled bellies with a liter of tea, and put a lump of food in our mouths and go out. For our time has grown thin.
“Hello, Nibelung,” said Ryerson.
Maclaren started. “Are you getting to be a telepath?”
“It’s possible,” said Ryerson. His voice had become a harsh whisper. His glance searched darkness. “Anything is possible here.”
“After we put this load through,” said Maclaren, evading the other thought, “we’d better move the slag out of the ship. That ninety-nine-plus per cent of material we don’t use piles up fast.”
Ryerson clumped heavily to the truck and began unloading. “And then out once more, cutting and loading and grinding and… merciful God, but I’m tired! Do you really imagine we can keep on doing heavy manual work like this, after the last food has been eaten?”
“We’ll have to,” said Maclaren. “And, of course, there is always—” He picked up a rock. Dizziness whirled through him. He dropped the stone and sank to his knees on the ground.
“Terangi!” Ryerson’s voice seemed to come from some Delphic deep, through mists. “Terangi, what’s wrong?”
“Nothing,” mumbled Maclaren. He pushed at the other man’s groping arms. “Lea’ me be… all right in a minute…” He relaxed against the stiffness of armor and let his weakness go through him in tides.
After a while, some strength returned. He looked up. Ryerson was just feeding the last rocks into the crusher. The machine ate them with a growl that Maclaren felt through the planet and his body. It vibrated his teeth together.
“I’m sorry, Dave,” he said.
“‘S all right. You should go up and bunk for a while.”
“Just a spell. Maybe we shouldn’t have cut our rations as short as we have.”
“You do seem to’ve been losing weight even faster than me,” said Ryerson. “Maybe you ought to have an extra ration.”
“Nah. It’s metabolic inefficiency, brought on by well-spent years of wine, women, and off-key song.”
Ryerson sat down beside him. “I’m a bit short of breath myself. Let’s both take a break while the stuff goes through the crusher.”
“Well,” said Maclaren, “if your tailbone insulators can stand it, I suppose mine can.”
They remained in silence for a while. The machine rumbled in their flesh and the stars muttered in their heads.
“How long do you think it will take to prepare the web?” asked Maclaren. “I mean, what’s your latest estimate?”
“Hitherto I’ve underestimated the time for everything,” said Ryerson. “Now, I just don’t know. First we’ll have to get our germanium. Then, to make the units… I don’t know. Two weeks, three? And then, once all the circuits are functioning, they’ll have to be tuned. Mostly by guesswork, since I don’t really know the critical constants. That will take x time, depending on how lucky we are.”
“We’ll open the last can of food soon,” said Maclaren. In itself it was a totally useless reminder, but it was leading up to something they had both avoided.
Ryerson continued to squirm: “They say tobacco helps kill appetite.”
“It does,” said Maclaren, “but I smoked the last butts months ago. Now I’ve even lost the addiction. Though of course I’ll happily rebuild same the moment we strike Earth.”
“When we come home—” Ryerson’s voice drifted off like a murmur in sleep. “We haven’t talked about our plans for a long time.”
“It got to be too predictable, what every man would say.”
“Yes. But is it now? I mean, do you still want to take that sailboat cruise around Earth, with… er… a female crew and a cargo of champagne?”
“I don’t know,” said Maclaren, faintly surprised to realize it. “I hadn’t thought — Do you remember once in space, we talked about our respective sailing experiences, and you told me the sea is the most inhuman thing on our planet?”
“Hm-m-m — yes. Of course, my sea was the North Atlantic. You might have had different impressions.”
“I did. Still, Dave, it has stuck in my mind, and I see now you are right. Any ocean is, is too — big, old, blind for us — too beautiful.” He sought the million suns of the Milky Way. “Even this black ocean we’re wrecked in.”
“That’s odd,” said Ryerson. “I thought it was your influence making me think more and more of the sea as a… not a friend, I suppose. But hope and life and, oh, I don’t know. I only know, I’d like to take that cruise with you.”
“By all means,” said Maclaren. “I didn’t mean I’d become afraid of the water, just that I’ve looked a little deeper into it. Maybe into everything. Hard to tell, but I’ve had a feeling now and then, out here, of what Seiichi used to call insight.”
“One does learn something in space,” agreed Ryerson. “I began to, myself, once I’d decided that God hadn’t cast me out here and God wasn’t going to bring me back, it wasn’t His part — Oh, about that cruise. I’d want to take my wife, but she’d understand about your, uh, companions.”
“Surely,” said Maclaren. “I’d expect that. You’ve told me so much about her, I feel like a family friend.”
I feel as if I loved her.
“Come around and be avuncular when we’ve settled — Damn, I forgot the quarantine. Well, come see our home on Rama in thirty years!”
No, no, I am being foolish. The sky has crushed me back toward child. Because she has gallant eyes and hair like a dark flower, it does not mean she is the one possible woman to fulfill that need I have tried for most of my life to drown out. It is only that she is the first woman since my mother’s death whom I realize is a human being.
And for that, Tamara, I have been slipping three-fourths of my ration back into the common share, so your man may innocently take half of that for his. It is little enough I can do, to repay what you who I never saw gave to me.
“Terangi! You are all right, aren’t you?”
“Oh. Oh, yes, of course.” Maclaren blinked at the other armored shape, shadowy beside him. “Sorry, old chap. My mind wandered off on some or other daisy-plucking expedition.”
“IT’S an odd thing,” said Ryerson. “I find myself thinking more and more frivolously. As this cruise of yours, for instance. I really mean to join you, if you’re still willing, and we’ll take that champagne along and stop at every sunny island and loaf about and have a hell of a good time. I wouldn’t have expected this… what has happened… to change me in that direction. Would you?”
“Why, no,” said Maclaren. “Uh, I thought actually you—”
“I know. Because God seemed to be scourging me, I believed the whole creation must lie under His wrath. And yet, well, I have been on the other side of Doomsday. Here, in nightmare land. And somehow, oh, I don’t know, but the same God who kindled that nova saw equally fit to… to make wine for the wedding at Cana.”
Maclaren wondered if the boy would regret so much self-revelation later. Perhaps not if it had been mutual. So he answered with care, “Oddly enough, or maybe not so oddly, my thinking has drifted in the other direction. I could never see any real reason to stay alive, except that it was more fun than being dead. Now I couldn’t begin to list all the reasons. To raise kids into the world, and learn something about the universe, and not compromise with someone’s version of justice, and — I’m afraid I’m not a convert or anything. I still see the same blind cosmos governed by the same blind laws. But suddenly it matters. It matters terribly, and means something. What, I haven’t figured out yet. I probably never will. But I have a reason for living, or for dying if need be. Maybe that’s the whole purpose of life: purpose itself. I can’t say. But I expect to enjoy the world a lot more.”
Ryerson said in a thoughtful tone: “I believe we’ve learned to take life seriously. Both of us.”
The grinder chuted its last dust into the receptacle. The gasifier was inboard; and the cold, not far from absolute zero, was penetrating the suit insulators. Ryerson got up. Shadows lapped his feet. “Of course,” he said, his voice suddenly cracked, “that doesn’t help us a great deal if we starve to death out here.”
Maclaren rose with him. The floodlamps ridged both their faces against the huge hollow dark. Maclaren caught Ryerson’s eyes with his own. For a moment they struggled, not moving under theconstellations, but sweat sprang out upon Ryerson’s forehead.
“You realize,” said Maclaren, “that we actually can eat for quite a while longer. I’d say, at a guess, two more months.”
“No,” whispered Ryerson. “No, I won’t.”
“You will,” Maclaren told him.
He stood there another minute, to make certain of his victory, which he meant as a gift to Tamara. Then he turned on his heel and walked over to the machine. “Come on,” he said, “let’s get to work.”
Maclaren woke up of himself. For a moment he did not remember where he was. He had been in some place of trees, where water flashed bright beneath a hill. Someone had been with him, but her name and face would not come back. There was a lingering warmth on his lips.
He blinked at the table fastened to the ceiling. He was lying on a mattress — Yes. The Southern Cross, a chilly knowledge. But why had he wakened early? Sleep was the last hiding place left to him and Dave. They stood watch and watch at the web controls, and came back to their upside-down bunkroom and ate sleep. Life had shrunken to that.
Maclaren yawned and rolled over. The alarm clock caught his eye. Had the stupid thing stopped? He looked at the second hand for a while, decided that it was indeed moving. But then he had slept for holy shark-toothed sea gods, for thirteen hours!
He sat up with a gasp. Bloodlessness went through his head. He clung to his blankets and waited for strength to come back. How long a time had it been, while his tissues consumed themselves for lack of all other nourishment? He had stopped counting hours. But the ribs and joints stuck out on him so he sometimes listened for a rattle when he walked. Had it been a month? At least it was a time spent inboard, with little physical exertion; that fact alone kept him alive.
Slowly, like a sick creature, he climbed to his feet. If Dave hadn’t called him, Dave might have passed out, or died, or proven to have been only a starving man’s whim. With a host of furious fancies — Maclaren shambled across to the shaftway. The transceiver rooms were aft of the gyros, they had been meant to be “down” with respect to the observation deck whenever there was acceleration and now they were up above. Fortunately, the ship had been designed in the knowledge she would be in free fall most of her life. Maclaren gripped a rung with both hands. I could use a little free fall right now, he reflected through the dizziness. He put one foot on the next rung, used that leg and both hands to pull the next foot up beside it; now, repeat; once more; one for Father and one for Mother and one for Nurse and one for the cat and so it goes until here we are, shaking with exhaustion.
Ryerson sat at the control panel outside the receiving and transmitting chambers. It had been necessary to spotweld a chair, with attached ladder, to the wall and, of course, learn how to operate an upside-down control panel. The face that turned toward Maclaren was bleached and hairy and caved-in; but the voice seemed almost cheerful. “So you’re awake.”
“The alarm didn’t call me,” said Maclaren. He panted for air. “Why didn’t you come rouse me?”
“Because I turned off the alarm in the first place.”
“What?” Maclaren sat down on what had been the ceiling and stared upward.
“You’ll fall apart if you don’t get more rest,” said Ryerson. “You’ve been in worse shape than me for weeks, even before the… the food gave out. I can sit here and twiddle knobs without having to break off every eight hours.”
“Well, maybe.” Maclaren felt too tired to argue.
“Any luck?” he asked after a while.
“Not yet. I’m trying a new sequence now. Don’t worry, we’re bound to hit resonance soon.”
Maclaren considered the problem for a while. Lately his mind seemed to have lost as much ability to hold things as his fingers. Painfully, he reconstructed the theory and practice of gravitic mattercasting. Everything followed with simple logic from the fact that it was possible at all.
The signals necessarily used a pulse code, with amplitude and duration as the variables; there were tricky ways to include a little more information through the number of pulses per millisecond, if you set an upper limit to the duration of each. It all took place so rapidly that engineers could speak in wave terms without too gross an approximation. Each transceiver identified itself by a “carrier” pattern, of which the actual mattercasting signal was a modulation. The process only took place if contact had been established, that is, if the transmitter was emitting the carrier pattern of a functioning receiver: the “resonance” or “awareness” effect which beat the inverse-square law, a development of Einstein’s great truth that the entire cosmos is shaped by what momentarily happens to each of its material parts.
The ’caster itself, by the very act of scanning, generated the signals which recreated the object transmitted. But first the ‘caster must be tuned in on the desired receiving station. The manual aboard ship gave the call pattern of every established transceiver: but, naturally, gave it in terms of the standardized and tested web originally built into the ship. Thus, to reach Sol, the book said, blend its pattern with that of Rashid’s Star, the initial relay station in this particular case. Your signal will be automatically bucked on, through several worlds, till it reaches Earth’s Moon. Here are the respective voltages, oscillator frequencies, et cetera, involved; add them up and use the resultant.
Ryerson’s handmade web was not standardized. He could put a known pattern into it, electronically, but the gravitics would emit an unknown one, the call signal of a station not to be built for the next thousand years. He lacked instruments to measure the relationship, so he could not recalculate the appropriate settings. It was cut and try, with a literal infinity of choices and only a few jackleg estimates to rule out some of the possibilities.
Maclaren sighed. A long time had passed while he sat thinking. Or so his watch claimed. He hadn’t noticed it go by, himself.
“You know something, Dave?” he said.
“Hm-m-m?” Ryerson turned a knob, slid a vernier one notch, and punched along a row of buttons.
“We are out on the far edge of no place. I forgot how far to the nearest station, but a devil of a long ways. This haywire rig of ours may not have the power to reach it.”
“I knew that all the time,” said Ryerson. He slapped the main switch. Needles wavered on dials, oscilloscope tracings glowed elthill green, it whined in the air. “I think our apparatus is husky enough, though. Remember, this ship has left Sol farther behind than any other ever did. They knew she would — a straight-line course would just naturally outrun the three-dimensional expansion of our territory — so they built the transceiver with capacity to spare. Even in its present battered state, it might reach Sol directly, if conditions were just right.”
“Think we will? That would be fun.”
Ryerson shrugged. “I doubt it, frankly. Just on a statistical basis. There are so many other stations by now — Hey!”
Maclaren found himself on his feet, shaking. “What is it?” he got out. “What is it? For the love of heaven, Dave, what is it?”
Ryerson’s mouth opened and closed, but no sounds emerged. He pointed with one bony arm. It shook.
Below him — it was meant to be above, like a star — a light glowed red.
“Contact,” said Maclaren.
The word echoed through his skull as if spoken by a creator, across a universe still black and empty.
Ryerson began to weep, silently, his lips working. “Tamara,” he said. “Tamara, I’m coming home.”
Maclaren thought: If Chang and Seiichi had been by me now, what a high and proud moment.
“Go on, Terangi,” chattered Ryerson. His hands shook so he could not touch the controls. “Go on through.”
Maclaren did not really understand it. Not yet. It was too swift a breaking. But the wariness of a race which had evolved among snakes and war spoke for him:
“Wait, Dave. Wait a minute. Just to be certain. Put a signal through. A teletype, I mean; we’ve no voice microphone, have we? You can do it right at that keyboard.”
“What for?” screamed Ryerson. “What for? If you won’t go through, I will!”
“Just wait, is all.” Suddenly Maclaren was begging. All the craziness of months between stars that burned his eyes woke up; he felt in a dim way that man must live under conditions and walk in awe, but this is one of the prides in being a man. He raised powerless hands and cried — it was not much above a whisper — “There could be some distortion, you know. Accidents do happen, once in a great while, and this web was made by hand, half of it from memory — Send a message. Ask for a test transmission back to us. It won’t take long and — My God, Dave, what kind of thing could you send home to Tamara if the signal was wrong?”
Ryerson’s chin quivered in its beard, but he punched the typer keys with hard angry strokes. Maclaren sat back down, breathing quickly and shallowly. So it was to become real after all. So he would again walk beneath the tall summer clouds of Earth.
No, he thought. I never will. Terangi Maclaren died in an orbit around the black sun, and on the steel planet where it is always winter. The I that am may go home, but never the I that was.
Ryerson bent over so he could look into the screen which gave him an image of the receiving chamber.
Maclaren waited. A long while passed.
“Nothing,” said Ryerson. “They haven’t sent a thing.”
Maclaren could still not talk.
“A colonial station, of course,” said Ryerson. “Probably one of the outpost jobs with two men for a staff… or, another spaceship. Yes, that’s likeliest, we’re in touch with an interstellar. Only one man on watch and—”
“And there should be a bell to call him, shouldn’t there?” asked Maclaren, very slowly.
“You know how they get on the long haul,” said Ryerson. He smote his chair arm with a fist that was all knobs. “The man is sleeping too hard to hear a thing. Or—”
“Wait,” said Maclaren. “We’ve waited long enough. We can afford a few more minutes, to make certain.”
Ryerson blazed at him, as if he were an enemy. “Wait? Wait, by jumping hell! No!”
He set the control timer for transmission in five minutes and crept from his seat and down the ladder. Under the soiled tunic, he seemed all spidery arms and legs, and one yellow shock of hair.
Maclaren stood up again and stumbled toward him. “No,” he croaked. “Listen, I realize how you feel, but I realize it’s space lunacy too, and I forbid you, I forbid—”
Ryerson smiled. “How do you propose to stop me?” he asked.
“I… but can’t you wait, wait and see and—”
“Look here,” said Ryerson, “let’s assume there is a freak in the signal. A test transmission comes through. At best, the standard object is merely distorted… at worse, it won’t be recreated at all, and we’ll get an explosion. The second case will destroy us. In the first case, we haven’t time to do much more work. I doubt if I could climb around on the web outside any more. I know you could not, my friend! We’ve no choice but to go through. Now!”
“If it’s a ship at the other end, and you cause an explosion,” whispered Maclaren, “you’ve murdered one more man.”
Drearily, and as if from far away, he recognized the hardness which congealed the other face. Hope had made David Ryerson young again. “It won’t blow up,” said the boy, and was wholly unable to imagine such a happening.
“Well… probably not… but there’s still the chance of molecular distortion or—” Maclaren sighed. Almost experimentally, he pushed at Ryerson’s chest. Nothing happened; he was so much more starved that he could not move the lank body before him.
“All right,” said Maclaren. “You win. I’ll go through.”
Ryerson shook his head. “No, you don’t,” he answered. “I changed my mind.” With a lilt of laughter: “I stand behind my own work, Terangi!”
“No, wait! Let me … I mean … think of your wife, at least … please—”
“I’ll see you there,” cried Ryerson. The blue glance which he threw over his shoulder was warm. He opened the transmitter room door, went through, it clashed shut upon him. Maclaren wrestled weakly with the knob. No use, it had an automatic lock.
Which of us is the fool? I will never be certain, whatever may come of this. The chances are all for him, of course… in human terms, reckoned from what we know… but could he not learn with me how big this universe is, and how full of darkness?
Maclaren stumbled back toward the ladder to the chair. He would gain wrath, but a few more minutes, by climbing up and turning off the controls. And in those minutes, the strangely terrifying negligent operator at the other end might read the teletype message and send a test object. And then Ryerson would know. Both of them would know. Maclaren put his feet on the rungs. He had only two meters to climb. But his hands would not lift him. His legs began to shake. He was halfway to the panel when its main switch clicked down and the transmitting engine skirled.
He crept on up. Now I know what it means to be old, he thought.
His heart fluttered feebly and wildly as he got into the chair. For a while he could not see the vision screens, through the night that spumed in his head. Then his universe steadied a little. The transmitter room was quite empty. The red light still showed contact. So at least there had been no destruction wrought in the receiving place. Except maybe on Dave; it didn’t take much molecular warping to kill a man. But I am being timid in my weakness. I should not be afraid to die. Least of all to die. So let me also go on through and be done.
He reached for the timer. His watch caught his eye. Half an hour since Dave left? Already? Had it taken half an hour for him to creep this far and think a few sentences? But surely Dave would have roused even the sleepiest operator. They should have sent a teletype to the Cross: “Come on, Terangi. Come on home with me.” What was wrong?
Maclaren stared at the blank walls enclosing him. Here he could not see the stars, but he knew how they crowded the outside sky, and he had begun to understand, really understand what an illusion that was and how hideously lonely each of those suns dwelt.
One thing more I have learned, in this last moment, he thought. I know what it is to need mercy.
Decision came. He set the timer for ten minutes — his progress to the transmitter room would be very slow — and started down the ladder.
A bell buzzed.
His heart sprang. He crawled back, feeling dimly that there were tears on his own face now, and stared into the screen.
A being stood in the receiving chamber. It wore some kind of armor, so he could not make out the shape very well, but though it stood on two legs the shape was not a man’s. Through a transparent bubble of a helmet, where the air within bore a yellowish tinge, Maclaren saw its face. Not fish, nor frog, nor mammal, it was so other a face that his mind would not wholly register it. Afterward he recalled only blurred features, there were tendrils and great red eyes.
Strangely, beyond reason, even in that first look he read compassion on the face.
The creature bore David Ryerson’s body in its arms.
Where Sunda Straits lay beneath rain — but sunlight came through to walk upon the water — the land fell steep. It was altogether green, in a million subtle hues, jungle and plantation and rice paddy, it burned with green leaves. White mists wreathed the peak of a volcano, and was it thunder across wind or did the mountain talk in sleep?
Terangi Maclaren set his aircar down on brown-and-silver water and taxied toward the Sumatra shore. Each day he regained flesh and strength, but the effort of dodging praus and pontoon houses and submarines still tired him. When his guide pointed: “There, tuan,” he cut the engines and glided in with a sigh.
“Are you certain?” he asked, for there were many such huts of thatch and salvaged plastic along this coast. It was a wet world here, crowding brown folk who spent half their cheerful existences in the water, divers, deckhands, contracting their labor to the sea ranches but always returning home, poverty, illiteracy, and somehow more life and hope than the Citadel bore.
“Yes, tuan. Everyone knows of her. She is not like the rest, and she holds herself apart. It marks her out.”
Maclaren decided the Malay was probably right. Tamara Suwito Ryerson could not have vanished completely into the anonymous proletariat of Earth. If she still planned to emigrate, she must at least have a mailing address with the Authority. Maclaren had come to Indonesia quickly enough, but there his search widened, for a hundred people used the same P.O. in New Djakarta and their homes lay outside the cosmos of house numbers and phone directories. He had needed time and money to find this dwelling.
He drove up onto the shore. “Stay here,” he ordered his guide, and stepped out. The quick tropic rain poured over his tunic and his skin. It was the first rain he had felt since … how long? … it tasted of morning.
She came to the door and waited for him. He would have known her from the pictures, but not the grace with which she carried herself. She wore a plain sarong and blouse. The rain filled her crow’s-wing hair with small drops and the light struck them and shattered.
“You are Technic Maclaren,” she said. He could scarcely hear her voice, so low did it fall, but her eyes were steady on his. “Welcome.”
“You have seen me on some newscast?” he inquired, banally, for lack of anything else.
“No. I have only heard. Old Prabang down in the village has a nonvisual set. But who else could you be? Please come in, sir.”
Only later did he realize how she broke propriety. But then, she had declared herself free of Protectorate ways months ago. He found that out when he first tried to contact her at her father-in-law’s. The hut, within, was clean, austerely furnished, but a vase of early mutation-roses stood by David’s picture.
Maclaren went over to the cradle and looked down at the sleeping infant. “A son, isn’t it?” he asked.
“Yes. He has his father’s name.”
Maclaren brushed the baby’s cheek. He had never felt anything so soft. “Hello, Dave,” he said.
Tamara squatted at a tiny brazier and blew up its glow. Maclaren sat down on the floor.
“I would have come sooner,” he said, “but there was so much else, and they kept me in the hospital—”
“I understand. You are very kind.”
“I… have his effects… just a few things. And I will arrange the funeral in any way you desire and—” His voice trailed off. The rain laughed on the thatch.
She dipped water from a jar into a tea kettle. “I gather, then,” she said, “there was no letter that he wrote?”
“No. Somehow… I don’t know. For some reason none of us wrote any such thing. Either we would all perish out there, and no one else would come for fifty or a hundred years, or we would get back. We never thought it might be like this, a single man.” Maclaren sighed. “It’s no use trying to foresee the future. It’s too big.”
She didn’t answer him with her voice.
“But almost the last thing Dave said,” he finished awkwardly, “was your name. He went in there thinking he would soon be home with you.” Maclaren stared down at his knees. “He must have… have died quickly. Very quickly.”
“I have not really understood what happened,” she said, kneeling in the graceful Australian style to set out cups. Her tone was flattened by the effort of self-control. “I mean, the ‘cast reports are always so superficial and confused, and the printed journals so technical. There isn’t any middle ground any more. That was one reason we were going to leave Earth, you know. Why I still am going to, when our baby has grown just a little bit.”
“I know how you feel,” said Maclaren. “I feel that way myself.”
She glanced up with a startled flirt of her head that was beautiful to see. “But you are a technic!” she exclaimed.
“I’m a human being too, my lady. But go on, ask me your question, whatever you were leading up to. I’ve a favor of my own to ask, but you first.”
“No, what do you want? Please.”
“Nothing very important. I’ve no claim on you, except the fact that your husband was my friend. I’m thinking of what you might do for his sake. But it will wait. What did you wonder about?”
“Oh. Yes. I know you tuned in the aliens’ transceiver and didn’t realize it. But—” Her fists clenched together. She stared through the open door, into the rain and the light, and cried forth: “It was such a tiny chance! Such a meaningless accident that killed him!”
Maclaren paused until he had all his words chosen. Then he said, as gently as might be:
“IT wasn’t so wildly improbable. All this time we’ve known that we couldn’t be the only race reaching for the stars. It was absurd to think so; that would have been the senseless unlikelihood. Well, the Cross was farther out than men had ever gone before, and the alien spaceship was near the aliens’ own limit of expansion. It was also bound for Alpha Crucis. Odd what a sense of kinship that gives me, my brother mariner, with chlorine in his lungs and silicon in his bones, steering by the same lodestar. Contact was certain eventually, as they and we came into range of each other’s signals. Your David was the man who first closed the ring. We were trying call patterns we could not measure, running through combinations of variables. Statistically, we were as likely to strike one of their patterns as one of ours.”
The water began to boil. She busied herself with the kettle. The long tresses falling past her face hid whether she was crying or not. Maclaren added for her, “Do you know, my lady, I think we must have called hundreds of other space-traveling races. We were out of their range, of course, but I’m sure we called them.”
Her voice was muffled: “What did the aliens think of it?”
“I don’t know. In ten years we may begin to talk to them. In a hundred years, perhaps we will understand them. And they us, I hope. Of course, the moment David… appeared… they realized what had happened. One of them came through to me. Can you imagine what courage that must have taken? How fine a people your man has given us to know? There was little they could do for me, except test the Cross’ web and rule out all the call patterns which they use. I kept on trying, after that. In a week I finally raised a human. I went through to his receiver and that’s all. Our technicians are now building a new relay station on the black star planet. But they’ll leave the Cross as she is, and David Ryerson’s name will be on her.”
“I thought,” she whispered, still hiding her face, “that you I mean, that quarantine rules—”
“Oh, yes, the Protectorate tried to invoke them. Anything to delay what is going to happen. But it was useless. Nothing from the aliens’ planet could possibly feed on Terrestrial life. That’s been established already, by the joint scientific commission; we may not be able to get the idea behind each other’s languages yet, but we can measure the same realities! And of course, the aliens know about us. Man just can’t hide from the universe. So I was released.” Maclaren accepted the cup she offered him and added wryly: “To be sure, I’m not exactly welcome at the Citadel any more.”
She raised large eyes to him. He saw how they glimmered. “Why not?” she asked. “You must be a hero to—”
“To spacemen, scientists, some colonials, and a few Earthmen glad of an end to stagnation. Not that I deserve their gratitude. There are three dead men who really did all this. But at any rate, my lady, you can foresee what an upheaval is coming. We are suddenly confronted with — Well, see here, the aliens must be spread through at least as large a volume of space as man. And the two races don’t use the same kind of planets. By pooling transceiver networks, we’ve doubled both our territories! No government can impose its will on as many worlds as that.”
“But more. There are sciences, technologies, philosophies, religions, arts, insights they have which we never imagined. It cannot be otherwise. And we can offer them ours, of course. How long do you think this narrow little Protectorate and its narrow little minds can survive such an explosion of new thought?” Maclaren leaned forward. He felt it as an upsurge in himself. “My lady, if you want to live on a frontier world, and give your child a place where it’s hard and dangerous and challenging — and everything will be possible for him, if he’s big enough — stay on Earth. The next civilization will begin here on Earth herself.”
Tamara set down her cup. She bent her face into her hands and he saw, helpless, how she wept. “It may be,” she said to him, “it may be, I don’t know. But why did it have to be David who bought us free? Why did it have to be him? He didn’t mean to. He wouldn’t have, if he’d known. I’m not a sentimental fool, Maclaren-san, I know he only wanted to come back here. And he died! There’s no meaning in it!”
The North Atlantic rolled in from the west, gray and green and full of thunder. A wind blew white manes up on the waves. Low to the south gleamed the last autumnal daylight, and clouds massed iron-colored in the north, brewing sleet.
“There,” pointed Tamara. “That is the place.”
Maclaren slanted his aircar earthward. The sky whistled around him. So Dave had come from here. The island was a grim enough rock, harshly ridged. But Dave had spoken of gorse in summer and heather in fall and lichen of many hues.
The girl caught Maclaren’s arm. “I’m afraid, Terangi,” she whispered. “I wish you hadn’t made me come.”
“It’s all we can do for David,” he told her: “The last thing we’ll ever be able to do for him.”
“No.” In the twilight, he saw how her head lifted. “There’s never an end. Not really. His child and mine, waiting, and — At least we can put a little sense into life.”
“I don’t know whether we do or whether we find what was always there,” he replied. “Nor do I care greatly. To me, the important thing is that the purpose — order, beauty, spirit, whatever you want to call it — does exist.”
“Here on Earth, yes,” she sighed. “A flower or a baby. But then three men die beyond the sun, and it so happens the race benefits a little from it, but I keep thinking about all those people who simply die out there. Or come back blind, crippled, broken like dry sticks, with no living soul the better for it. Why? I’ve asked it and asked it, and there isn’t ever an answer, and finally I think that’s because there isn’t any why to it in the first place.”
Maclaren set the car down on the beach. He was still on the same search, along a different road. He had not come here simply to offer David’s father whatever he could: reconciliation, at least, and a chance to see David’s child now and then in the years left him. Maclaren had some obscure feeling that an enlightenment might be found on Skula.
Truly enough, he thought, men went to space, as they had gone to sea, and space destroyed them, and still their sons came back. The lure of gain was only a partial answer; spacemen didn’t get any richer than sailors had. Love of adventure… well, in part, in some men, and yet by and large the conquerors of distance had never been romantics, they were workaday folk who lived and died among sober realities. When you asked a man what took him out to the black star, he would say he had gone under orders, or that he was getting paid, or that he was curious about it, or any of a hundred reasons. Which might all be true. And yet was any of them the truth?
And why, Maclaren wondered, did man, the race, spend youth and blood and treasure and all high hopes upon the sea and the stars? Was it only the outcome of meaningless forces — economics, social pressure, maladjustment, myth, whatever you labeled it — a set of chance-created vectors with the sardonic resultant that man broke himself trying to satisfy needs which could have been more easily and sanely filled at home?
If I could get a better answer than that, thought Maclaren, I could give it to Tamara. And to myself And then we could bury our dead.
He helped her out of the car and they walked up a path toward an ancient-looking cottage. Light spilled from its windows into a dusk heavy with surf. But they had not quite reached it when the door opened and a man’s big form was outlined.
“Is that you, Technic Maclaren?” he called.
“Yes. Captain Magnus Ryerson?” Maclaren stepped ahead of Tamara and bowed. “I took the liberty, sir, of bringing a guest with me whom I did not mention when I called.”
“I can guess,” said the tall man. “It’s all right, lass. Come in and welcome.”
As she passed over the uneven floor to a chair, Tamara brushed Maclaren and took the opportunity to whisper: “How old he’s grown, all at once!”
Magnus Ryerson shut the door again. His hands, ropy with veins, shook a little. He leaned heavily on a cane as he crossed the room and poked up the fire. “Be seated,” he said to Maclaren. “When I knew you were coming, I ordered some whiskey from the mainland. I hope it’s a good make. I drink not, you see, but be free to do so yourself.”
Maclaren looked at the bottle. He didn’t recognize the brand. “Thank you,” he said, “that’s a special favorite of mine.”
“You’ve eaten?” asked the old man anxiously.
“Yes, thank you, sir.” Maclaren accepted a glass. Ryerson limped over the floor to give Tamara one.
“Can you stay the night? I’ve some extra beds in the garret, from when the fisher lads would come by. They come no more, there’s no reason for it now, but I’ve kept the beds.”
Maclaren traded a look with Tamara. “We would be honored,” he said.
Magnus Ryerson shuffled to the bob, took the tea kettle, poured himself a cup and raised it. “Your health.” He sat down in a worn chair by the fire. His hands touched a leather-bound book lying on its arm.
There was silence for a while, except that they could all hear the waves boom down on the strand.
Maclaren said finally: “I… we, I mean… we came to — offer our sympathy. And if there was anything I could tell you… I was there, you know.”
“Aye. You’re kind.” Ryerson groped after a pipe. “It is my understanding he conducted himself well.”
“Yes. Of course he did.”
“Then that’s what matters. I’ll think of a few questions later, if you give me time. But that was the only important one.”
Maclaren looked around the room. Through its shadows he saw pilot’s manuals on the shelves, stones and skins and gods brought from beyond the sky; he saw the Sirian binary like twin hells upon darkness, but they were very beautiful. He offered: “Your son was in your own tradition.”
“Better, I hope,” said the old man. “There would be little sense to existence, did boys have no chance to be more than their fathers.”
Tamara stood up. “But that’s what there isn’t!” she cried all at once. “There’s no sense! There’s just dying and dying and dying. What for? So that we can walk on another planet, learn another fact? What have we gained? What have we really done? And why? What did we do that your god sends our men out there now?”
She clamped her hands together. They heard how the breath rasped in her. She said at last, “I’m sorry,” and sat back down.
Magnus Ryerson looked up. And his eyes were not old. He let the surf snarl on the rocks of his home for a while. And then he answered her: “For that is our doom and our pride.”
“What?” She started. “Oh. In English. Terangi, he means—” She said it in Interhuman.
Maclaren sat quite still.
Ryerson opened his book. “They have forgotten Kipling now,” he said. “One day they will remember. For no people live long, who offer their young men naught but fatness and security. Tamara, lass, let your son hear this one day. It is his song too, he is human.”
The words were unknown to Maclaren, but he listened and thought he understood.
“We have fed our sea for a thousand years
And she calls us, still unfed,
Though there’s never a wave of all her waves
But marks our English dead:
We have strawed our best to the weed’s unrest,
To the shark and the sheering gull,
If blood be the price of admiralty,
Lord God, we ha’ paid it in full!—”
When Ryerson had finished, Maclaren stood up, folded his hands and bowed. “Sensei,” he said, “give me your blessing.”
“What?” The other man leaned back into shadows, and now he was again entirely old. You could scarcely hear him under the waves outside. “You’ve naught to thank me for, lad.”
“No, you gave me much,” said Maclaren. “You have told me why men go, and it isn’t for nothing. It is because they are men.”
© You-books.com. The biggest library
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0032.json.gz/line1826975
|
__label__wiki
| 0.50657
| 0.50657
|
Explore members
Anna Priscilla Veras
When asked what her goals for the future are, Anna Priscilla Veras replied “I was born to change the world, I want to cause this transformation”.
Specifically, Anna wants to change the food we consume everyday by making pesticide free produce available to everyone. For this purpose, she founded Muda Meu Mundo in 2016 - a social enterprise that supports small family agro-ecological farmers in Brazil to distribute their products through fair trade.
Anna has always had a passion for healthy eating. When her son was born, she wanted to give him the best possible nutrition but soon realised that there was a lack of availability of organic products in mainstream supermarkets. Determined to change this, she developed a brilliant business model for Muda Meu Mundo that benefits both, farmers and consumers. Farmers get trained and certified by Muda Meu Mundo to supply their organically and sustainably grown produce to popular mainstream supermarkets across Brazil and thereby increase their income. Consumers get easy access to organic, healthy food.
Anna found out about YBI member Aliança Emprendedora through Facebook and enrolled in their online course through which she met many other young entrepreneurs who inspired her. The experience showed her that anyone can be an entrepreneur and that youth entrepreneurship is powerful. This strengthened her belief in herself and her own abilities. She even set up a similar online training platform for the farmers she works with and volunteers as a mentor for aspiring young entrepreneurs.
Anna’s business went through a rough patch at the end of 2018 and she realised that her business model at the time wasn’t sustainable. She made adjustments and within just one year, Muda Meu Mundo bounced back spectacularly. The business is now more successful than ever, and Anna sees this as her biggest achievement to date. Today, she can support herself very well through her business and has seven full-time employees.
Anna’s goal for the next few years is to expand to all big cities across Brazil as well as underdeveloped countries. She says that starting her business has changed her deeply as a person.
“It changed my worldview; the way I believe I can make an impact. The journey is not easy, but the most important thing is to find something that will make you happy, that will change someone's life, to go beyond buying and selling.”
Aliança Empreendedora
IDB Lab
Rebecca Page
Christina Plaka
Those who make it possible
Worshipful Company of Management Consultants
Copyright © 2021 YBI. In the UK Youth Business International is a registered charity no: 1123946
Subscribe to our newsletters...
Online Form - Website Newsletter
|
cc/2021-04/en_middle_0032.json.gz/line1826976
|
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.