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Chapter 8 - Abortion, neonaticide and infanticide
Tara, a 25-year-old businesswoman, was 23 weeks pregnant and scheduled for an abortion. She had approached a clinic, which had accepted her for treatment and provided counselling. However, the stress of the procedure had been too much, and she went into spontaneous labour the night before she was due to undergo the termination. The baby, Mary, was born alive, but severely brain damaged and a medical assessment found that Mary was blind and deaf, but could feel pain. Staff at the hospital approach Marc from Rowlett McGuinness LLP and Simon the hospital ethicist and ask for their opinion regarding whether Mary should be provided with nursing care only and allowed to die.
Marc had previously been consulted in relation to the proposed termination, and had taken steps to ensure that the scheduling of the termination was within the bounds of the Abortion Act 1967 (p. 189). Since the pregnancy is less than 24 weeks old, it may be authorised by the ‘social ground’ in s.1(1)(a) of the 1967 Act (p. 190), which means that it is unlikely that there would have been a successful legal challenge had the operation been performed so long as two doctors had asserted that to continue with the pregnancy would have constituted a risk to the physical or mental health of Tara. However, once the baby has been born alive – whether this is as a result of spontaneous labour or a failed abortion – then the child is a person in its own right and has to be treated as such. Marc explains that this means that the primary considerations must be the welfare of the child, and whether to continue to provide treatment would be in the interests of the baby. He tells the staff at the hospital that in other cases involving brain damage and a prognosis involving a very poor quality of life, particularly when coupled with an ability to feel pain, the courts have been sympathetic to the view that treatment could be withdrawn and the baby allowed to die. Simon makes it clear that any termination is ethically problematic and that it would, of course, always be preferable to let life prosper to the fullest extent possible. At the same time this is, as so often, a situation of conflicting interests and the law's approach to balancing the mother-to-be's interests against that of the unborn life is ethically justifiable. Simon agrees that once the baby has been born, it is entitled to expect the full protection of society and the law and ought to be treated in the same way as other human beings, including medical care. Any discontinuation of medical treatment, or a limitation to nursing care only, would certainly not be permissible simply on the grounds of an assumption that Mary's life is 'worth less' than a healthy child's. Where, however, the focus of attention is on what is thought to be best for Mary, it is in some instances possible to argue that to make a baby such as Mary comfortable and allow her to die with a minimum of suffering is the preferable route to take. Simon expressly makes it clear that good ethical arguments can be found to argue for both the continued intensive-care treatment of Mary as well as the proposed option to allow her to die. The latter can, however, be justifiable and may, in this case, be the preferred option.
S. Elliston, The Best Interests of the Child in Healthcare (Abingdon: Routledge, 2007) http://books.google.de/books?id=ooqNAgAAQBAJ
B. Hewson, ‘Killing Off Mary: Was the Court of Appeal Right?’ (2001) 9(2) Medical Law Review 281 http://medlaw.oxfordjournals.org/content/9/3/281.full.pdf
J. Keown, Abortion, Doctors and the Law: Some Aspects of the Legal Regulation of Abortion in England from 1803 to 1982 (Cambridge University Press, 1988) http://books.google.de/books?id=c6JPyfOBZYIC
S. McGuinness, ‘Law, Reproduction and Disability: Fatally “Handicapped”?’ (2013) 21 Medical Law Review 213 http://medlaw.oxfordjournals.org/content/early/2013/01/02/medlaw.fws041.full.pdf+html
A. Morris, ‘Selective Treatment of Irreversibly Impaired Infants: Decision-Making at the Threshold’ (2009) 17(3) Medical Law Review 347 http://medlaw.oxfordjournals.org/content/17/3/347.full.pdf+html
S. Sheldon, Beyond Control: Medical Power and Abortion Law (London: Pluto Press, 1997) http://books.google.de/books?id=sYYhAQAAIAAJ
M. Thomson, ‘Abortion Law and Professional Boundaries’ (2013) 22(2) Social and Legal Studies 191 http://sls.sagepub.com/content/early/2013/02/22/0964663912474740
D. Boonin, A Defense of Abortion (Cambridge University Press, 2003) http://books.google.de/books?id=YhcosxnhtJ8C
C. Cameron and R. Williamson, ‘In the World of Dolly, When Does a Human Embryo Acquire Respect?’ (2005) 31 Journal of Medical Ethics 215–20 http://jme.bmj.com/content/31/4/215.full.pdf+html
R. Gillon, ‘Is There a “New Ethics” of Abortion?’ (2001) 27 Journal of Medical Ethics ii5–9 http://jme.bmj.com/content/27/suppl_2/ii5.full
B. Steinbock (ed.), The Oxford Handbook of Bioethics (Oxford University Press, 2007), chapters 17–19 http://books.google.de/books?id=hBtMPgAACAAJ
S. Wilkinson, ‘Eugenics, Embryo Selection, and the Equal Value Principle’ (2006) 1 Clinical Ethics 146 http://cet.sagepub.com/content/1/1/46.abstract
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Internet humor
Counter.gif
One of the more frequent jokes on the internet is to produce a "fake" or joke web counter. The counter pictured here dates back to 1991 and is possibly the first of its kind.
The Internet has long been a resource for the circulation of humorous ideas and jokes. Countless web-sites are devoted to the collection of Internet humour, and every day thousands of emails cross the world containing the text of humorous articles, or jokes about current events.
"Internet humor" is distinguishable from "Humor on the Internet" through the concept of ownership. There are definite examples of humor restricted by copyright law on the internet; examples include the cartoons of Dilbert or the newspaper columns of Dave Barry. "Internet humor" is regarded as that which belongs to the public domain.
Internet humor may also be regarded as humor that specifically relies on characteristics belonging to the Internet, such as "geek" or "hacker" humor -- i.e, humor that would not exist if not for the Internet.
Generally, this type of semi-institutionalized humor starts as a specific group's in-joke, and grows until it reaches a significant portion of Internet users, gaining popularity, "rules" and mythos.
Longstanding and widely recognized examples of such humor are:
The Internet Oracle (formerly The Usenet Oracle) at cgi.cs.indiana.edu/~oracle/index.cgi
The Jargon file (also known as The (New) Hacker's Dictionary (http://www.catb.org/~esr/jargon/html/index.html))
The cult of Kibology
The Darwin Awards at www.DarwinAwards.com
The concept of authorship with regard to Internet humor is very difficult to define. Frequently a "list" type joke may get started but within a few generations of distribution it evolves beyond recognition. A classic example is the well-known "you have two cows" joke - after circulating in more primitive media throughout the 1980s, it seems to have first appeared on the Internet in 1993 with simple descriptions of communism, capitalism, and socialism. However, it was later expanded to include all forms of government, regional variations, philosophical systems, and even art movements. Attempting to define an "author" of the joke hence becomes impossible, and it becomes a publicly owned resource, simply because no-one could validly claim legitimate ownership.
Though the Internet has allowed the global explosion of collectively-authored comedy, its precursors existed on bulletin boards, corporate messaging systems, and even through such low-tech mechanisms as the facsimile since at least the 1970s.
Lightbulb jokes
You have two cows
Honor system virus
Bash.org
The Accidental Tourist pictures
Newgrounds.com (http://www.Newgrounds.com) - A site that showcases many excellent flash artists, and is full of internet humor.
Albino Blacksheep (http://www.albinoblacksheep.com) - Another website with humorous flash animations and games.
Funny Movies (http://www.funnymovies.net/) - Archive with funny movies and videos since 1999
The Humor Archives (http://www.thehumorarchives.com/) - a large collection of internet humor
HarHarLinks (http://www.thecureforboredom.com/) - The cure for boredom is the best humor website.
Huumor.Com (http://www.huumor.com/) - Online joke collection. Oldest jokes from 1993, site online since 1st April 2000.
Funny Video Clips (http://www.holylemon.com) - A collection of funny videos, pictures and flash files.
PicPop (http://www.picpop.com/gallery/index.php) - Funny pictures and avatars.
Funniest jokes and pictures (http://www.jokesnet.co.nr) - Large collection of funny jokes and pictures
www.StupidStuff.ORG (http://www.stupidstuff.org)
Funniest Pictures Network (http://www.funniest-pictures.com) (Currently suspended)
Prague TV's Funny Pictures Archive (http://prague.tv/funny-pictures-archive/) - a collection hundreds of funny pictures
Fun With Headlines (http://www.funwithheadlines.net) - A site that has fun with real news headlines with word play.
Free Jokes and Fun (http://welovefreebies.com/folders/Free_Jokes_and_Fun) - A directory of sites for free jokes and fun.
Internet cartoons
Internet phenomenon
Retrieved from "http://academickids.com/encyclopedia/index.php/Internet_humor"
Categories: Computer humor
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The Untold Environmental Costs of the Brexit Vote
July 16, 2016 by Bill Laurance
ALERT member Pierre-Michel Forget is a leading tropical ecologist and former President of the Association for Tropical Biology and Conservation. Here he tells us about some surprising implications of Britain's decision to leave the European Union.
On 22 June 2016, hundreds of participants attended a photo slideshow during the Annual Meeting of the Association for Tropical Biology and Conservation (ATBC) in Montpellier, France.
There was no talk, only pictures showcasing the beauty of nature in the tropics. It was a quiet moment, a relaxing break for those who are dedicating their lives to knowledge and conservation of tropical biodiversity.
Sudden Change
When the clock woke me early on 24 June, everything had changed. While ATBC delegates were still sleeping, investors were already awake, expecting a gold price increase after anticipating the Brexit vote outcome.
It happened when markets opened -- gold prices spiked. I immediately thought of the tropical ecosystems we are studying and hoping to protect from human misuse, because as Alert’s Director Bill Laurance recently wrote: “The world will be a far poorer place if we fail to try.”
My thoughts then turned to the Guianan rainforests, especially those belonging to France, and countries that have been terribly ravaged by long-term mercury and cyanide pollution from mining activities. It was not difficult to envision the consequences of the Brexit vote for rainforest diversity and communities.
This new economic crisis will generate high demand for gold, as we already experienced in the early 2000s. The aftermath of the Brexit vote will be ecologically devastating, not just politically or economically.
These untold, hidden consequences will not be mentioned in reports for the UK, EU, or the global market. Those who invest in gold are blind to its origins.
A moonscape of illegal gold mining in Sumatra, Indonesia (photo by William Laurance).
Blood Gold
Likewise, investors ignore the ecological and social consequences of increased demand, though these are well known. Climate change will worsen and global carbon stocks and water quality will be directly impacted by deforestation due to gold mining.
And all this only six months after the historic COP21 agreement in Paris -- where the world agreed to strong measures to limit harmful climate change. What can we do now, as conservationists?
After the increase of gold prices and the subsequent gold rush in Amazonian countries in 2004-2008, the Conservation Committee of the ATBC released resolutions calling for the halt of gold mining in the Guianas and the Amazon, and opposing industrial mining in nature reserves and protected areas -- issues that were addressed during the ATBC 2008 meeting in Suriname.
What has happened since 2008? Are ATBC resolutions and declarations successful in countries suffering from rampant mining in protected areas? Yes and no, might be the response.
Return to French Guiana
I recently returned to Nouragues, a nature reserve in French Guiana, more than three decades after my first expeditions there. Contrary to my first observation in late 2003, I did not see a single gareimperos village or canoe along the Approuage and Arataye rivers this time.
However, the gold rush still persists in other locations, and the Brexit vote will make it worse.
The scars of illegal gold mining in Suriname, South America (photo by William Laurance)
A study showed that 41% of deforestation in the Amazon occurred between 2001-2013 in the Guianas, with 2007–2013 being the worst due to the economic crisis and an increased demand for gold. It is difficult to stay optimistic.
In 2008, the French government rejected the Iamgold-Cambior project’s application to open a large-scale gold mine at Kaw Mountain after NGOs and experts warned that these activities in the core zone of a protected area would be detrimental to nature and people.
New Threat
Now, a new project has been proposed in western French Guiana by the Canadian-Russian joint venture Columbus Gold-Nordgold, which is now under scrutiny by various local media and environmentalists.
The proposed mining site is within the biologically rich area of Montagne d’Or, squeezed between the two mountains of the Integral Biological Reserve of Lucifer Dékou-Dékou.
The devil is in the details of the project. There is no need for another resolution or declaration about the consequences of a new gold rush; all this has been said before.
It is now the responsibility of stakeholders, policy-makers, and politicians to act and vote NO or YES, against or for destroying the Amazon forest to extract more gold in response to investors who demand more -- the untold consequences of the Brexit vote. For me, the risks of a project like this is just too high to contemplate.
This referendum is crucial for all citizens on the planet, not only for Europeans.
July 16, 2016 /Bill Laurance
Brexit, Blood Gold, Pierre-Michel Forget, ATBC, French Guiana, Suriname, illegal gold mining, mercury pollution, cyanide pollution, deforestation, water quality, protected areas, gold mines, Nouragues Protected Area, gold prices, Columbus Gold/Norgold, Montagne d'Or, Amazon rainforest, Guianas
Scientific group worries about future of Cambodian and S.E. Asian environments
April 04, 2015 by Bill Laurance
The largest-ever gathering of tropical biologists and environmental scientists to meet in Cambodia has expressed strong concerns about several development trends in the country, and in Southeast Asia generally.
Perils ahead for leopards and lots of other Asian wildlife
Over 300 scientists from 29 nations met in Phnom Penh this week, representing the Asia-Pacific Chapter of the Association for Tropical Biology and Conservation (ATBC).
The scientists expressed their concerns in a document entitled the "Phnom Penh Declaration" (which you can download here).
“We have a number of worries, but our most immediate concern is a proposed road that would slice through vitally important forest in Mondulkuri Province in eastern Cambodia, from Srea Ampos to Kbal Damrei,” said Seng Teak, Conservation Director, WWF Greater Mekong.
“This road would clearly imperil one of the biologically richest forests in Indochina, an area that provides critical habitat for rare wildlife such as Elephants, Leopards, and Banteng, as well as over 230 bird species,” said Mr Teak.
“Unfortunately, roads that cut into wilderness areas like that in Mondulkuri almost always open a Pandora’s box of environmental problems, such as illegal logging, poaching, and land clearing,” said William Laurance, a former ATBC president and director of ALERT. Laurance has studied the environmental impacts of roads and infrastructure across the tropics.
“This is a critical time for decisions impacting wildlife and natural resources in Cambodia and throughout Southeast Asia,” said Teak. “There are huge plans ahead for new roads, dams, mining projects, and other infrastructure that could have severe environmental impacts.”
“It’s absolutely vital that there be rigorous environmental impact assessments done before any major project is undertaken,” said Teak. “And we need a precautionary approach to projects—to look at them very carefully to ensure that they really are essential.”
“If we don’t, we could lose a lot of the wildlife and natural ecosystems that make Cambodia unique, and that form the basis of our thriving and highly profitable tourism industry,” said Teak.
April 04, 2015 /Bill Laurance
ATBC, ATBC-Asia-Pacific, Phnom Penh Declaration, Mondulkuri Province, Srea Ampos-Kbal Damrei Road, WWF Greater Mekong, Cam, Cambodia, Leopard, Elephant, Banteng, wildlife poaching, illegal logging, Seng Teak, William Laurance, infrastructure expansion, roads, dams, Mekong River, environmental impact assessments
Neotropical rainforests under assault from infrastructure & mining
Everywhere you look across Central and South America, native ecosystems are being imperiled by an avalanche of new mining and infrastructure projects.
Forests under assault in Panama (photo by William Laurance)
Consider just three examples:
- In Nicaragua, a massive interoceanic canal project threatens vast expanses of rainforest and other ecosystems. It will imperil 4,000 square kilometers of forest and wetlands, slice across several key nature reserves, and cut through the MesoAmerican Biological Corridor. This issue is so worrisome that the Association for Tropical Biology and Conservation, the world's leading scientific organization devoted to tropical research, issued a special resolution of concern.
- In Brazil, many protected areas are under assault from mining. A paper just published in the leading journal Science shows that at least 20% of all Brazil´s strictly protected areas and indigenous reserves -- an area larger than the UK and Switzerland combined -- are under consideration for mining projects. More than 44,000 square kilometers of Brazil's protected areas have been lost to mining and other developments since 2008.
- Across the Amazon basin and Andes, at least 150 major hydroelectric dams have been proposed or are under construction. These projects will not only flood large expanses of forest but their associated road projects will imperil some of the basin's most remote and biologically important areas. For instance, it is estimated that 12 dams proposed for the Tapajós River in Brazil would result in nearly 1 million hectares of additional forest loss by 2032.
Who is responsible for this tsunami of forest-destroying projects? There is no single cause, but China's unquenchable thirst for natural resources, the aggressive Brazilian development bank BNDES, and ambitious regional development schemes such as IIRSA are all leading contributors.
No one wants to halt responsible economic development, but this is a feeding frenzy. Unless scientists and conservationists have a louder voice, some of the world's most important environments could be lost forever.
Neotropical forests, rainforests, Interoceanic Canal, Nicaragua, Brazil, Amazon, Andes, mining, hydroelectric projects, hydroelectric dams, infrastructure, BNDES, IIRSA, China, Central America, South America, deforestation, roads, Tapajos River, ATBC, Association for Tropical Biology and Conservation
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Senate adjourns session; resumes July 23
By Jelly F. Musico
MANILA, June 6 — The Senate closed on Wednesday night as what Senate President Juan Ponce Enrile described as the most challenging second regular session of the 15th Congress by adjourning sine die, which means without a day.
Majority Leader Vicente Sotto III said the Senate would resume its third regular session on July 23, in time for the State-of-the-Nation Address, when senators will proceed to the House of Representatives for a joint session of Congress to hear President Aquino deliver his SONA.
In closing, permit me to make a confession. With candor, I will admit that this Second Regular Session has been the most challenging that I have had to lead, and mostly in part because of the impeachment, Enrile said.
Despite of the delay in the legislative work due to the 44-day impeachment trial of Chief Justice Renato Corona, the Senate managed to pass urgent and priority bills to improve the peoples quality of life, according to Enrile.
The Senate made up for lost time this week by approving 13 bills, including six house bills, on third and final reading. In addition, he reported that the Conference Committee has also approved the Cybercrime bill.
These bills are Senate bill 3009 amending the Anti-Money Laundering Act of 2011; Senate Bill 3127 or the Terrorism Financing Prevention and Suppression Act of 2012; Senate Bill No. 3164 amending the Armed Forces of the Philippines Modernization Act; Senate Bill No. 3206, or the act recognizing the early years from zero to age eight as the first crucial stage of educational development, strengthening the Early Childhood Care and Development Council and renaming the day care center as Child Development Center; Senate Joint Resolution No. 14 which seeks to extend the life of the Congressional Oversight Committee on Dangerous Drugs (COCDD) to 10 more years; Senate Bill No. 3209, otherwise known as the Red Cross and other Emblems Act of 2012 which penalizes misuse of the Red Cross logo.
Also approved were House Bill No. 5608, also known as the Reapportioning of the Province of Palawan into Three Legislative Districts and six franchise bills for the construction, operation and maintenance of radio and television broadcasting stations in the country.
Statistics from the Legislative Bills and Index Service as of May 30 showed that Senate has approved a total of 47 bills and has acted upon 283 other measures filed since July 2010.
These 17 have been enacted into law, namely: RA No. 10147 (General Appropriations Act of 2011), RA No. 10148 (Grant of Philippine Citizenship to Marcus Eugene Douthit), RA No. 10149 (GOCC Governance Act), RA No. 10150 (Extending the Lifeline Rate to Marginalized End-Users of Power), RA No. 10151 (An Allowing the Employment of Night Workers), RA No. 10152 (Mandatory Basic Immunization Services for Infants and Children) RA No. 10153 (Synchronization of the ARMM Elections with the National and Local Elections), RA No. 10154 (Early Release of Retirement Pay of Government Employees), RA No. 10155 (General Appropriations Act of 2012), RA No. 10156 (Conferment of Civil Service Eligibility to Members of the Sangguniang Bayan), RA No. 10157 (Kindergarten Education Act), RA No. 10158 (Act Decriminalizing Vagrancy), RA No. 10159 (Amending the Revised Penal Code provision on Subsidiary Imprisonment), RA No. 10160 (Bacoor City Charter), RA No. 10161 (Imus City Charter) and RA10162 (Sta. Rosa City Charter) and RA10164 (Mabalacat City Charter).
Two other bills are pending in the conference committee, Department of Information and Communications Technology and Ethnic Discrimination.
Nine bills were sent to the House of Representatives for concurrence SBN 789 or Additional Benefits and Protection for Househelpers, SBN 429 or the Discrimination Against Women, SBN 480 or Replacing the Term Spouse of Age with Either Spouse, SBN 1052 amending the Family Code (Divorced Obtained Abroad), SBN 2796 or the Cybercrime Prevention Act of 2011, SBN 2811 or the Peoples Survival Fund (Climate Change), SBN 2817 or the Involuntary Disappearance Act, SBN 2875 or the Security of Tenure of Casual/Contractual Employees of the Government and SBN 2965 or the Data Privacy Act.
Sotto expressed satisfaction with the output of the Senate despite the huge time it spent for the impeachment trial of Corona.
Generally, Im very satisfied with the production of the Senate. What we have achieved for the entire year (June 2011 to June 7 2012) is quite difficult to achieve without the impeachment but with the impeachment it is doubly satisfying, Sotto said. (PNA) RMA/jfm
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The Man Who Knew Too Much(1956)
Overview Full Credits Full Synopsis Notes Music Screenplay Info
User Reviews Other Reviews Articles Money Awards Quotes Trivia Home Video Reviews Misc Notes Alternate Versions Theatrical Aspect Ratio Video TCM Archives Fan Sites
FOR The Man Who Knew Too Much (1956) YOU CAN
Acting of Lead Performers
Acting of Supporting Cast
Historical Importance
Too Many Puzzling Scenes
Ronald Mentus
For what purpose did the assassin appear at the McKennas' room?To whom did Bernard make his phone call...and for what purpose? What connection was there between Bernard and his date as he appeared in the restaurant? On the stairs of Albert Hall: Jo says to the prime minster, "...it wasn't..." and he replies. "But it was my dear lady, it was." What is being referred to here? How did Dr. McKenna know to go Albert Hall? Mr. Woburn told Jo where Buchanan was going...he did not speak to the doctor. Why did Mr. Drayton forgo his glasses after the chapel scene...to the end of the movie. A very entertaining movie, despite these "loose ends." Does the original script explain any of the above?
Two Very Different Films
Although one is generally considered a remake of the other, I think the 1934 and 1956 versions of "The Man Who Knew Too Much" are two very different films. Certainly, the basic plot is the same in both including the climatic scene at Alert Hall. However, there are three main differences. They end differently with a firefight between police and the bad guys in the earlier film film while the later version has the beleaguered couple trying to rescue their child at a foreign embassy. In the 1956 film James Stewart conveys mostly the desperation of a father whose child has been kidnapped while in the 1934 version Leslie Banks is able to keep his cool much of the time. There is also considerably more humor in the earlier film. I think the earlier version is better because sometimes the story seems to be dragged out in the later film.
The Man Who Knew Too Much
Laurie Brown
This remake of "The Man Who Knew Too Much" was a much more polished version than it's predecessor, very much a Hitchcock film of that era. He returns to the familiar theme of the unsuspecting man thrust into extraordinary circumstances by forces beyond his control, probably more famously explored in "Rear Window" and "North by Northwest". He also returns to familiar collaborator Jimmy Stewart, who never disappoints, especially when working with Hitch. He sticks his neck out a bit by casting Doris Day as Stewart's wife, but the two of them share a believable rapport as husband and wife, and she displays a more impressive range than in some of the fluffy romantic comedies she is more generally associated with. The assassination attempt at the Royal Albert Hall is one of Hitchcock's more celebrated scenes, and rightly so, the decision to forego any dialogue increases the tension, as Stewart, Day and the assassin play a game of cat and mouse while we, as the audience, wait breathlessly for the inevitable and ominous cymbal crash. Unfortunately, the film drags at moments, especially in those scenes between the vacation in Morocco and the Royal Albert Hall scene. After that thrilling sequence, the finale also seems a bit anti-climactic. Not in the same league as some of his certified masterpieces, but still a fine film worthy of three and a half stars. As for the debate as to which of his two versions is better, this one is certainly a more professional production, but there's a certain manic enthusiasm to the British version that is tough to beat, and I thought that Peter Lorre gives the best performance in either film, so I'd have to give my vote to the 1934 version.
Most Under-rated Hirchcock Movie
Joe Carlton
For various reasons, both the critics and much of the Hitch fan base does not seem to rate this movie much above average. However, for this movie fan who has seen nearly all of the Hitch repertoire, this is one of his stand-out best productions. Many critics often proclaim the first version of this movie which Hitch directed while residing in England in the 1930s as the better of the the two; again, I disagree. Though the first version (which begins at a European ski resort instead of mysterious Morocco as was the setting in the second version) has its taut moments, the movie is lacking the grand scale found in the 1956 version. The first time I saw this movie about 16 years ago, my then 8 year old son watched it with me. Surprisingly, he was riveted by the movie, perhaps because the kidnapped victim was a young boy like himself. (In the first version, the kidnap victim is a young girl.) Most young people have no interest in old movies, but my son became an exception when he saw this one with me. I think one reason modern viewers don't rate this movie all that great is that the notion of a large gathering of people to hear a symphony orchestra perform seems quaint; most people under the age of 50 would prefer a rock concert or hip-hop party for the back-drop setting, much to my chagrin. Over the last 16 years, I have seen this movie several times, and I put it in the top 1% of the greatest movies ever...and among Hitchcock movies, I would put it right up there just behind North by Northwest, Rear Window, Strangers on a Train, and Vertigo....and slightly ahead of such great Hitch classics as Psycho, the Birds, Dial M for Murder, the 39 Steps and Notorious. By the way, two other under-rated Hitch movies I would recommend are Saboteur (1942) and Marnie (1964). Saboteur seems ahead of its time in its focus on foreign enemies plotting the destruction of US infrastructure. Marnie is a psychological thriller as good or better than the Best Picture winner Rebecca.
three stars for Day and Stewart fans
In my opinion, especially for Stewart and Day fans, this movie is at least three stars. Yes, flat in some places, but in this era of bombast and overstatement it comes as a refreshing change. rm
Michael Whitty
Hitchcock's adventure from Africa to London of an American couple- James Stewart and Doris Day- who have their son kidnapped and they have to go find him with regards to a symphony night at Albert Hall. While this doesn't rate with the best of Hitchcock it still amounts to a good suspenser with Doris singing "Que Sera Sera". The final 15 minutes in getting the boy back are somewhat thrilling as this finishes as a decent Hitchcock plot. The intrigue of London comes out well as the parents get frantic at times to find their son.
The Woman Who Sang Too Much
Mr. Blandings
A Hitchcock musical? If any actor could be miscast in a Hitchcock film it's Doris flippin' Day. She and Stewart are the "ugly American tourists" caught up in all kinds of boring "intrigue." If you want tense thrills in a musical, check out The Sound of Music instead.
Overall-3 1/2 out of 5Lead Performers-3 and 1/2 out of 5Supporting Cast-3/5Director-5/5Score-3/5Titles-3/5Screenplay-3/5Cinematography-3/5Importance-2/5Recommendation for fans of genre-3/5
Dashiell Barnes
Hitchcock's remake of his '34 film is more extravagant, but not as good as the original. It's obvious that Stewart & Day don't have the best chemistry, but their performances are good, as is Miles & De Banzie. More of an entertaining piece makes this a less important work of his, but most famous for the Oscar-winning song "Que Sera Sera." Some powerful scenes are covered by lavishness. I give it a 3/5.
Not classic Hitchcock but fine entertainment
115windycity
Not classic Hitchcock but by most standards, a fine movie with some gripping scenes, particularly when the action shifts from Morocco to London.The Man Who Knew Too Much is considered lightweight entertainment, coming in the midst of a fertile period for its director Alfred Hitchcock. It is a remake of a movie of the same name, made in the mid-1930's. I am only slightly familiar with the original but to me the remake is superior. The slow pace of the movie in the early stages might be attributable to Hitchcock's love of exotic locales and he takes ample time to photograph Morocco. The all-American couple of Dr. Ben McKenna and his wife Jo Conway, a musical star, are from Minneapolis. They are played by Doris Day and Jimmy Stewart, as innocents abroad with their young son Hank. Not entirely comfortable being away from familiar territory, they become distraught once caught up in an international plot. They befriend a British couple, the Draytons (Brenda de Banzie and Bernard Miles) who feign to be fellow tourists and end up double-crossing them. The McKenna family tries to pursue the conspiracy once they land back in London. This takes them to some backstreets and alleys in the British capital and eventually to the Royal Albert Hall, where the climax of the movie takes place. Along the way they stop at a neighbourhood in London, where we witness some surprise action. The harrowing finale at the Royal Albert Hall comes with the clash of cymbals amidst the grandeur of the great edifice. Interesting trivia: On the billboard outside the Albert Hall, we see the name of the director of the London Symphony, Bernard Hermann, who wrote the music for many of Hitchcock's greatest movies. This is an alert to shrewd Hitchcock fans of his appearance in the finale.
Great use of close-ups for suspense
Jarrod McDonald
A film professor once said that today's directors over-use the close-up. I think maybe that's a result of television's influence, where we are drawn into the intimacy of characters by focusing on facial expressions so much...it might also be a way to hide the fact that TV set designers haven't put much detail into room decor. But we cannot accuse Hitchcock of over-using the close-up. In fact, he uses it very sparingly...usually for moments created to generate the greatest amount of suspense for viewers. These were the key close-ups I noted: the street scene when Jimmy Stewart leans down and the man whispers in his ear; the scene where we see the gun at the music hall; we also see Doris Day's face close-up when she's screaming to avert the assassination; and we see a close-up when Stewart's character breaks into the room holding his son.
A NEAR-GREAT HITCHCOCK CLASSIC
While it's not considered one of the TOP FIVE Hitchcock classics (Vertigo, Rear Window, North by Northwest, Pyscho, Rebecca) it sure has got to be #6 or #7, definitely in the Top 10. I love it.Two of my favorite scenes: In Albert Hall when James Stewart has to fill in wife Doris Day on all that he has learned is brilliant. At the last minute Hitchcock decided to forego the dialogue and just let us hear the beautiful music playing in the concert hall (we already know the info anyway). And when Doris Day lets out a bloodcurdling scream at the climatic moment in the symphony, she stops the assassination cold.
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Flat or Spherical Earth? Evaluating Astronomical Observations [Part 1]
A Busy Summer for AP Personnel
Reason and Revelation Volume 37 #8
by Branyon May, Ph.D.
Alana May, M.S.
[Editor’s Note: In the July issue of Reason & Revelation, Hebraist Dr. Justin Rogers addressed the matter of whether the Bible gives any credence to the notion of a flat Earth. In this month’s R&R, we consider whether science supports a flat Earth. AP scientist Dr. Branyon May holds a Ph.D. degree in Astrophysics from the University of Alabama. Alana May, his wife and co-author, holds an M.S. in Astrophysics from the University of Alabama.]
While the idea of a flat Earth is not a new one, it has been recently resurrected into mainstream pop culture. For a variety of reasons, many have adopted this view, or have begun looking toward it as a viable option. For some, the arguments contrasting a spherical versus a flat Earth are confusing and have caused frustration. This frustration has then led to a sense of doubt towards many previously accepted beliefs and facts. Such doubt towards authority has even caused some Christians to question their faith in God’s Word.
So what about humanity’s understanding for the shape of the Earth? Is the Earth spherical or flat? The best way to work through this discussion is to consider the observational evidences. One of the most definitive ways to directly see the spherical nature of Earth is through the images taken from space by various space agencies. However, because many people who hold to a flat Earth have also expressed concern about government conspiracy theories, we wish to present the space-based observations after we discuss some simple backyard-type observations. When considering new ideas, a bit of healthy caution is good, but can become unhealthy when conspiracy and paranoia consume the conversation over the facts and observations. Using the laws of nature and physics that God set in place, let’s investigate how we can know the Earth is, in fact, spherical.
Evaluating Observations of the Sun and Moon
Between Flat-Earth and Globe models, the Sun and the Moon have drastic differences in physical characteristics and scale dimensions. The Sun’s generally accepted location places it toward the center of Earth’s orbit at a distance of approximately 93 million miles, with a physical diameter of 864,600 miles. In contrast, Flat-Earth models describe the Sun as being 32 miles in diameter and orbiting above the surface of the Earth at a height of approximately 3,000 miles.1 Since by observation the Sun and Moon have equivalent angular sizes,2 Flat-Earth models must also place the Moon in an orbit coinciding with the Sun’s orbit at a distance of 3,000 miles and having the same 32-mile diameter.3 Such scales for the Moon are vastly different than the Moon’s generally accepted location in space, where it orbits the Earth at a distance of 238,900 miles and has a physical diameter of 2,160 miles. We should also note that between these two views there is a vast contrast in distance between the positions of the Sun and Moon. In the Flat-Earth model the two objects share similar planes of orbit, circling above Earth parallel to the ground. Therefore, their physical distances from each other would fluctuate substantially depending on where in their orbits they were. At least once during every month’s cycle the two would be physically very near to each other. By contrast, the standard heliocentric and spherical context describes the Moon’s position in orbit around the Earth, where its distance from the Sun would keep approximately the same 93-million-mile-physical-distance as Earth.
With such vast differences in scale these models must also describe vastly different physical characteristics for the Sun and Moon and, in fact, they do. Flat-Earth models describe the Sun and Moon in terms similar to spotlights moving above the Earth’s surface, illuminating in such a way as to produce periods of day and night. Resulting from this description, Flat-Earth models hold that the Moon is not reflecting the Sun’s light, but must instead be producing its own light. The physical characteristics of the Moon are therefore vastly different from the solid, rocky body and sunlight-reflecting surface usually discussed.
One means of testing these contrasting parameters is by evaluating eclipse events, where the Sun, Moon, and Earth experience well-defined and observable changes. First, the most obvious type of eclipse is a solar eclipse. In this type of eclipse the observed effect is for the New Moon to pass in front of the Sun eclipsing some or all of our view of the solar body. Due to the Sun and Moon having similar apparent sizes in the sky, a total solar eclipse can occur when the Moon’s path precisely crosses the Sun. A total solar eclipse causes a daytime period of dramatic darkening, allowing the less bright outer regions of the Sun’s atmosphere, including the chromosphere and corona, to become visible to observers. While these portions of the Sun’s atmosphere are always producing light, their levels of emission are much less than the extremely bright photosphere. Solar eclipses do not usually result in the total eclipse orientation, but rather will occur more often as partial eclipses where only part of the Sun is obscured by the Moon. What information do eclipse observations provide? Eclipses demonstrate several important facts, which we will expand on below, including: (1) the apparent sizes of the Sun and Moon are approximately equal, (2) the distances from Earth to the Sun and Earth to the Moon are not equal, and (3) the spherical shape of Earth.
Eclipses provide for us an important understanding about the positioning of the Sun, Moon, and Earth. We see from the fact that the Moon passes in front of the Sun that the two bodies must be at different distances. During a solar eclipse when the Moon obscures the Sun, the Moon’s distance is closer to Earth than the Sun’s. When we couple this with the first important fact mentioned, that the apparent sizes are approximately equal, then we are able to also understand that the Sun and Moon must be different in their true physical sizes. If two objects were the same true physical size, then placing one of them farther from you would cause it to appear smaller. Thus, since the Sun and Moon appear the same size, then the Sun (which is farther away) would have to be larger than the Moon (which is closer) in order to appear equal in size. As we consider a difference in distance between the more distant Sun and less distant Moon to be greater and greater, the necessary size of the Sun must be larger and larger to result in an observed equivalent, apparent size.
Now that we have established they are not at the same distance, we can also explore how solar eclipses also help provide evidence for the distance factors of the Sun and Moon. A total solar eclipse occurs when the observer is located within the shadow cast by the Moon blocking the Sun’s light. Consider the shadow cast on a wall by placing an object in front of a light source. What happens to the shadow as the distance between the object and light source is decreased? The shadowed area becomes larger, and a viewer within the shadowed region would have to move farther to leave the shadowed area and lose this precise alignment. If the distance between the light source and object becomes larger, then the shadow that is cast on the wall will become smaller and subsequently the observer’s location in the shadow for an eclipse alignment must become more precise (i.e., since the shadow is smaller, there is less area located within the eclipse shadow region).
Total solar eclipses are very rare events to see on Earth, which tells us that the alignment of such an event requires certain precision. It first requires precision for the orbits and locations of the three bodies to be exactly aligned. Second, it requires that an observer be located within the area of the Moon’s shadow cast on Earth. This second requirement increases the rarity of seeing a total solar eclipse, because the area of the Moon’s shadow resulting in totality is small, at most only about 165 miles in diameter.4 The casting of a small shadow means there must be a significant distance between the Sun and Moon. In addition, the path of totality, which is the track that the Moon’s shadow takes as it moves across the Earth’s surface, is a very narrow strip. When seeking to see a total solar eclipse event, the location where you go to observe must be very precisely chosen within the track.
If we focus on the second major type of eclipse, a lunar eclipse, then we see, not only further evidence for distances and orientations matching the heliocentric view, but also evidence for the spherical nature of Earth. Lunar eclipses occur when Earth is positioned between the Sun and Moon, and its shadow is cast across the Moon’s surface causing a darkening of the Moon. While solar eclipses only occur during the New Moon phase, lunar eclipses similarly occur only during the Full Moon phase. The precise alignment of the Sun, Moon, and Earth is emphasized by the fact that while lunar eclipses only occur during Full Moon phases, they do not occur every cycle and are quite rare. In contrast to a solar eclipse that involves one body, the Moon, obscuring the more distant Sun, a lunar eclipse involves the Earth’s shadow progressing across the Moon’s surface until it becomes completely engulfed. The evidence for a spherical Earth comes from the fact that as the lunar eclipse event begins the curvature of the Earth’s shadow can be seen advancing across the Moon’s surface. This provides direct observation for the circular shape of the Earth’s body, as well as the required orbit of the Moon to go around to the opposite side of Earth from the Sun. Both of these observable facts are contrary to Flat-Earth models, some of which postulate Earth as an indefinite plane5 or as a circular inhabitable region set in a rectangular block.6
Observing Objects Outside of Earth
As we consider the shape of our own planet, we can gain perspective by making direct observations of other celestial objects. By comparison of the physical features we observe in other objects, we can make application to the features we observe on Earth. A good starting place is to consider the planets in our own Solar System, objects that are generally the easiest to observe: Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune. Each of these planets is conventionally described as being spherically round, so let’s discuss the observational evidence.
The planets Venus, Mars, Jupiter, and Saturn are the four easiest of the planets to observe with simple backyard telescopes or even binoculars. With these tools the casual observer can see that each of these objects has dimensions and shape, showing more than the spot of light seen with the naked eye. In a simple description, the planets are obviously round; but are they three-dimensionally round objects? During short times of observing, we are able to capture short picturesque views of the planets; but what happens as we continue our observations? If we simply make the effort to add repeated observations, we will be able to see the snapshot characteristics begin to show their dynamic and varying nature. With observations over a matter of days and weeks (even better over months), you will see Venus’ phase change, Mars’ apparent size and surface features change, Jupiter’s rotation, and Saturn’s ring orientation change.
Let’s begin making a few specific observations. Beginning with the planet that has the largest average apparent size, we find Jupiter to be a beautifully banded planet. The roughly horizontal striations of Jupiter have varying colors from white to brownish-red. Overlapping the middle bands, you might see one of the most well-known features of Jupiter: the “Great Red Spot.” This feature serves as a good landmark and is one of Jupiter’s most fascinating features. Named for its appearance, this giant, oval-shaped region in Jupiter’s atmosphere has existed for several hundred years and is similar to features described by Galileo Galilei and Giovanni Cassini as far back as the 1600s. In fact, Giovanni Cassini used careful observations to track the movement of spot features, seemingly similar to the Great Red Spot, in order to conclude that Jupiter was indeed rotating about its axis. From the measurements, Cassini calculated a rotation speed for Jupiter of approximately 10 hours.7 Even with Cassini’s very primitive equipment, his calculation matches the currently measured rotation period of 9.925 hours.8
The next planet has captivated astronomers’ attention as far back as the telescope: the red planet Mars offers intriguing observations. In a similar fashion to his calculations of Jupiter’s rotation, Giovanni Cassini also calculated the length of Mars’ rotation by measuring how long it took for surface features to make it back around to the same spot. Both Cassini and Dutch astronomer Christiaan Huygens independently calculated the rotation period of Mars to be similar to Earth’s at just over 24-hours.9 The similarity between Earth and what we see when observing Mars is much more than just a similar period of rotation. Mars has surface features such as large plains, expansive ravines, and elevated mountains. White regions aligned with its axis of rotation are similar to Earth’s icy polar regions. Mars also has varying atmospheric changes, which most notably include huge dust storms that can obscure large regions. As we consider a round, rotating planet with mountains and canyons, polar ice caps, and an atmosphere that at times is clear and other times is congested with dusty storms, we cannot help but think about days on Earth with beautiful sunny days and about camping excursions in quiet valleys, or maybe cloudy days that often bring sudden storms while hiking in the mountains. If Mars exists as a rotating, spherical planet with diverse landscapes, then so can Earth.
CREDIT: NASA and The Hubble Heritage Team (STScI/AURA); Acknowledgment: R.G. French (Wellesley College), J. Cuzzi (NASA/Ames), L. Dones (SwRI), and J. Lissauer (NASA/Ames)
One of the most recognizable planets, the ringed-world of Saturn, provides an interesting context to consider. With Saturn we find the geometries of both a flat disk for the rings and a spherical body for the planet. Saturn’s ring system is a collection of particles surrounding the planet, individually orbiting Saturn as evidenced from spectroscopic studies showing differential rotation of ring material.10 Even in commercially available telescopes, Saturn and its beautiful rings can be readily seen. However, as we make repeated observations from year to year, we can watch as the ring orientation changes in its tilt with respect to our perspective from Earth.
In some years, Earth’s view is edge-on with Saturn’s ring plane, causing the rings to be barely visible, while other years, such as late 2017, the rings reach a tilt angle of 27° allowing the outermost A-ring to be visible in its full circumference. The changing tilt-angle of the rings is a regular cycle, oscillating in such a way that both the Northern and Southern Hemispheres of Saturn’s body will be directed towards Earth during the cycle. What this comparison provides is a single view contrasting a spherical versus flat geometry in space. If all of the planets were simply flat circles, then we should see the same type of drastic visual differences from their changing orientations that Saturn’s rings demonstrate, since Saturn’s rings are understood, even in the heliocentric model, to be approximately flat circles. Additionally, the fact that the ring-tilt observations are consistent for every observer on Earth shows that Saturn is a very distant object, so that even observers separated by great distances on Earth will have comparable views.
The more distant planets of Uranus and Neptune are harder to observe with smaller amateur equipment. However, with diligence and larger telescopes, their round bodies can be observed in similar nature as the other planets. The fact that both Uranus and Neptune have their own systems of orbiting moons helps us to understand their relative size and gravitational dominance in their regions of space. The brightest of Uranus’ moons, Titania and Oberon, have been studied for well over 200 years. Titania, the largest and brightest moon, completes an orbit every 8.7 days, while Oberon takes 13.5 days.11 The largest moon of Neptune, Triton, has been observed for over 150 years and has an orbital period of 5.9 days.12 Thus, when we compare our observations of Uranus and Neptune to those of Jupiter and Saturn, we see many similarities and, by extension, can understand Uranus and Neptune as large spherical bodies.
Simple observations of the Moon and Sun in the sky clearly show a circular body. Couple this simple observational fact with a few additional observations and we can understand them as three-dimensionally round, as well. For instance, in similar fashion to some of the planets, the Sun can easily be monitored over several days tracking visible photosphere features called sunspots, progressing across its surface. Sunspots are dark areas in the brightly visible layer of the Sun, called the photosphere. As we track a sunspot feature across the Sun’s apparent surface, we find that shape and orientation of their entire context shows its movement to be caused by the Sun’s overall rotation and not large atmospheric motion. Even small backyard telescopes with proper solar filters can be used to monitor the presence and movement of sunspots.
For the second brightest object in the sky, the Moon, our regular observations can be done even easier than trying to safely view the Sun. The most obvious observation of the Moon is that it progresses through a regular cycle of phases each month. As this cycle occurs, there is an obvious curvature seen in the visibly bright portion of the Moon. The shape of the Moon’s phase, defined by the dark and light regions, is not caused by any shadowing from Earth. Instead, the obvious curved shapes of a Gibbous or Crescent Moon are due to the overall spherical curvature of the Moon itself. As the Moon’s position relative to the Sun’s location changes, our view of the Moon’s sunlit portion changes, and we see the side of the Moon facing away from the Sun. The direct relationship between lunar phases and the Sun can be seen by how each phase corresponds with the Sun’s position, noting also that the phase of the Moon is approximately the same for every observer—evidence for the Moon having a large distance from Earth. Flat-Earth models have the Moon located quite close, and as such, the Moon’s phase would be dramatically different based on where the observer is located. Instead, a Full Moon is always found opposite the Sun in the sky for every observer. When the Sun is setting below the horizon, the Full Moon is rising above the horizon, and when the Full Moon is setting, the Sun will be rising. Conversely, when the lunar phase is a New Moon, both the Sun and Moon will be seen in the same direction. The sunlit portions and the oppositely shadowed regions of the Moon are the visible results of the spherical shape of the Moon.
Even further, as we gaze at the Full Moon, its varying surface features are obvious by the contrasting light and dark regions. Employ binoculars or a small telescope and you will have immediate access to a wealth of topographic variation: rough and smooth areas, large and small craters, elevated peaks and depressions. Focusing on the surface features, we find that the shadowing effect that the phases provide enhances our understanding of the three-dimensional aspect of the Moon. The boundary line produced by the curved shadow across the Moon’s surface (during the Gibbous or Crescent phase) is called the terminator. You will find as you observe the Moon that the terminator is a region of excellent viewing. “Why?,” you might ask. There is a subtle decrease in the brightness of this region, allowing it to be somewhat easier on the eyes. The brightness difference is caused by the fact that the shadows of visible features along the terminator become lengthened as the terminator line approaches them. First, this is one piece of evidence toward the Moon not producing its own light, as some Flat-Earth proponents suggest,13 but rather reflecting light from an outside source (the Sun). Second, the shadows become extended when features are near the terminator, showing to a greater degree a contrast in height above the lunar surface. Here we can begin to identify the differences between elevated and depressed features by where their shadow is cast. The Moon is a distant, three-dimensional body with a variety of topographic landscapes.
Evaluating Observations of the Constellations
As we view the night sky and trace out familiar patterns in the stars, we can begin to map out the constellations. It is these consistent arrangements of stars that allow us to map and chart the heavens. We can use the positions of constellations relative to other stars and constellations to help us determine, not only where lesser-known and less-obvious celestial objects are located, but to help us on Earth to navigate our own geography.
Similar to how Earth’s geography has been mapped through history to provide our current knowledge of how the major landforms are oriented, the entire sky has likewise been mapped to give us a relation for how each constellation is oriented and located relative to the others. Following the same process for how Earth’s maps were compiled, requiring not only exploration but a combining of knowledge from many diverse groups across the world, the constellation map of the sky has been compiled from astronomical observers from different regions of the Earth over long periods of time. This process of combination was not only a good arrangement but was necessary for a complete map, since the available view of the sky is dependent on your location on Earth. Observers in different locations will have different views, not only for similar times of night or seasons, but also may have access to view constellations not available to other regions.
First, the view of a single observer varies seasonally. The visible constellations follow a regular cycle throughout the period of a year, and then repeat the same exact cycle the next year, and every year after that. What this seasonal cycle illustrates is that for any single location, there will be constellations that can be viewed during the winter months but that are not visible during the summer months, and vice-versa. This variation means that the Sun’s position in the sky is independent of the star and constellation positions, and thus there must be two motions in process to account for the Sun’s position and the constellation positions. The fact that there are seasonal variations seen in the East to West changing of visible constellation positions supports the spherical curvature of Earth and its rotational axis motion that impacts the star’s positions.
Second, there are constellation variations based not only on seasonal changes but on the geographical locations of observers. If we consider different observers located in the midwest United States, in central Africa, and in Australia, we find that each will have dramatically different observations. The set of constellations visible will be very different for locations with large North-to-South separations, where many constellations will not be visible from the opposite location. Constellations that may be visible from two locations with smaller North-to-South separations will still have very different apparent positions in the sky. Thus the stars and constellations visible at a particular location correspond directly to an observer’s latitude, where observers located at dramatically different latitudes will have unique views. These variations show us that there is a North-to-South curvature of Earth, which is aligned with a preferred axis of East-to-West rotation. A Flat-Earth model is not able to describe these observations, where a spherical Earth provides a simple description for how they occur.
These observable facts make clear sense for a spherical Earth, as the relative positions on the globe would determine your outward facing view of the sky. Other regions of the sky are obscured by the curved body of Earth. The reason that some constellations may be completely unique based on your location, results from Earth’s globe having a rotating motion about its axis. Where an observer is located on the surface, relative to the axis of rotation, will define what regions of the sky may or may not be visible and which stars are circumpolar (meaning they circle the celestial pole and are continuously above the horizon). The nearer you are to one of Earth’s poles (North or South), the less of the total sky you are able to see. A person South of the Equator will never see the North Star, Polaris (located at the North Celestial Pole). A person North of the equator at latitudes greater than about 26 degrees will never see the Southern Cross (near the South Celestial Pole).14 This location-dependent view is why Australia and New Zealand have this prominent group of stars on their nation’s flags, but Northern Hemisphere nations do not.
Flat-Earth models have huge complications when trying to describe how the visibility of constellations varies based only on an observer’s latitude. Problems are further compounded when addressing the observations of completely different constellations visible to those located at far Northern and far Southern latitudes, and that there are not one but two celestial poles around which stars rotate.
1 Eric Dubay (2014), The Flat–Earth Conspiracy (Self-published), p. 89; See the phrase “under 4,000 miles” in Samuel Rowbotham (“Parallax”) (1865), Zetetic Astronomy: Earth Not a Globe! (Bath: S. Hayward), p. 74.
2 Both the Sun and Moon have an angular size of 0.5 degrees. “Angular size” measures how large in angular units, such as degrees, an object appears. Angular size is not a measure of the true physical size, but rather an apparent size based on the object’s distance.
3 See “The Moon” at the Flat Earth Society Web site: http://www.theflatearthsociety.org/tiki/tiki-index.php?page=The+Moon.
4 http://www.astronomy.ohio-state.edu/~pogge/Ast161/Unit2/eclipses.html. The August 21, 2017 total solar eclipse will only be about 70 miles in diameter, as measured from the NASA map projections. See https://eclipse2017.nasa.gov/sites/default/files/interactive_map/index.html.
5 “The Flat Earth Society, along with previous notable flatists such as Samuel Shenton and S. Rowbotham, believe there is no end to the Earth and that it continues indefinitely. The only edge to the earth is the one you are standing on.” Seehttps://theflatearthsociety.org/home/index.php/faq#173818.
6 See the flat Earth map on the cover of this issue of R&R created by Orlando Ferguson in 1893. Also at https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Orlando-Ferguson-flat-earth-map.jpg.
7 Thomas Hockey (1999), Galileo’s Planet: Observing Jupiter Before Photography (Bristol, PA: IOP Publishing), pp. 31-32; C.A. Young (1886), “Rotation Time of the Red Spot on Jupiter,” The Sidereal Messenger, 5:289-293, http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1886SidM....5..289Y.
8 C.A. Higgins, T.D. Carr, and F. Reyes (1996), “A New Determination of Jupiter’s Radio Rotation Period,” Geophysical Research Letters, 23:2653-2656.
9 “All About Mars” (no date), NASA, https://mars.nasa.gov/allaboutmars/mystique/history/1600/; Jim Plaxco (1999), Mars Timeline of Discovery: 1570 BC thru 1799, http://www.astrodigital.org/mars/timeline1.html.
10 Helen Sawyer Hogg (1963), “Out of Old Books: James Keeler and the Rings of Saturn,” Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society of Canada, 57:269, http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1963JRASC..57..269S.
11 David Williams (2016), “Uranian Satellite Fact Sheet” (Greenbelt, MD: NASA Goddard Space Flight Center), https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/factsheet/uraniansatfact.html.
12 David Williams (2016), “Neptunian Satellite Fact Sheet” (Greenbelt, MD: NASA Goddard Space Flight Center), https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/factsheet/neptuniansatfact.html.
13 Dubay, pp. 78-81.
14 Bruce McClure (2017), “Northerners’ Guide to Southern Cross,” EarthSky, http://earthsky.org/favorite-star-patterns/the-southern-cross-signpost-of-southern-skies.
Explorer Series 1: Christian Evidences for Kids
Explorer Series: Christian Evidences for Kids
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Mission, Roles & Responsibilities
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RBR Troops Raid Bomb Cell as Part of Exercise
Bermudian soldiers today (JUN 17) played a vital part in an exercise in the Caribbean that saw an international assault team take down a bomb making factory based in a house.
Royal Bermuda Regiment troops carried out reconnaissance and intelligence gathering outside the building near the Old Montrose police station outside the St Vincent & the Grenadines capital of Kingstown.
Lieutenant Commander David Shamsudeen of the Guyanese Coast Guard, part of the Regional Observer Assessment Team, said afterwards that the Bermuda troops, who were in hiding around the building, had performed well and the assault was successful.
‘He added: “They had good coordination and communication. There were some mistakes, but nothing that would have affected the success of the operation.
“Once they got into the building, they split up and searched the rooms at the same time, which was good.”
The assault was part of Exercise Tradewinds, a regional disaster relief and security training exercise organized by the US military’s Southern Command.
About 120 troops from the RBR are involved in the exercise.
RBR Private Brent Smith, who acted as the communications specialist for the assault team, said: “I enjoyed it. It was a great learning experience. We’ve got people from all over the world working really well together.”
Pte Smith, a 55-year-old tennis coach from Pembroke, added: “It’s definitely useful training for the RBR and I’m proud to be representing Bermuda here.”
The assault team stormed the house, ‘killing’ several gunmen and ‘arresting’ other members of the bomb making cell, who were played by Royal St Vincent & the Grenadines Police Force officers, using vital information provided by the hidden RBR reconnaissance squad.
RBR Sergeant Tashon DeSilva, who led the reconnaissance team, said: “Our role was to assess the enemy strength, capabilities and disposition.
“The recce team went in and did its job. The difficult thing with reconnaissance is you don’t always know what you’re looking for and sometimes you have to wait for hours before you get what you need, which is what happened here.”
But Sergeant DeSilva added: “That two-minute window you do get can be the difference between a successful operation and an unsuccessful one.”
He said the RBR had learned a lot from their work with the RSVG police.
Sgt DeSilva added: “They have a superb relationship with the public and advanced policing skills, as well as great search and strike capabilities.”
Tradewinds was designed to build increased regional cooperation in complex multinational security operations, as well as humanitarian assistance and disaster response work.
Countries taking part include Antigua and Barbuda, the Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, Bermuda, Canada, Colombia, Dominica, the Dominican Republic, France, Grenada, Guyana, Haiti, Jamaica, Mexico, the Netherlands, St. Kitts and Nevis, St. Vincent and the Grenadines, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago, the United Kingdom and the United States.
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© Royal Bermuda Regiment
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Noise in the library due to building works
The first phase of a re-wiring project has begun in the Wellcome Unit and unfortunately this means there may be quite a bit of noise and disruption for library users in the next few weeks. There may also be some days when the library will need to remain closed so look out for further announcements. Many apologies for any inconvenience caused.
This entry was posted in News, Services and tagged building works, noise on 31 March 2011 by .
New sites saved on our delicious page
The Medical Heritage Libray
The MHL is a collaboration of major research libraries in the United States, including the Francis A. Countway Library of Medicine, the National Library of Medicine, the Columbia Library of Health Sciences, and the College of Physicians in Philadelphia.
They digitize and make available through the Internet Archive a wide range of materials pertaining to the history of medicine, including texts on military medicine, general surgery and surgical history, spiritualism, sanitation, hygiene, tropical medicine, medical jurisprudence, psychology, gynecology, phrenology, crimes, criminology, electrotherapeutics, climatology, and homeopathy.
There is also a very interesting companion blog about the MHL.
History of Vaccines – A Project of the College of Physicians of Philadelphia
The College has created The History of Vaccines to provide a living, changing chronicle of the compelling history of vaccination, from pre-Jennerian variolation practices, to the defeat of polio in the Western Hemisphere, to cutting-edge approaches to novel vaccines and vaccine delivery. The site aims to increase public knowledge and understanding of the ways in which vaccines, toxoids, and passive immunization work, how they have been developed, and the role they have played in the improvement of human health.
The site also discusses some of the controversies about vaccination and some of the challenges, difficulties, and tragic events that have occurred in the use of vaccines.
Much of the historical material that appears on The History of Vaccines comes from The College’s Historical Medical Library and its wealth of rare books, medical journals, manuscripts, and archives.
See our delicious page for more useful websites.
This entry was posted in Electronic resources and tagged archives, digital collections, history of medicine, vaccination on 24 March 2011 by .
Medical School records moved to University Archives
Recent announcement that may be of interest to you:
‘On 16 February the University Archives received an accession of records from the Medical Sciences Division based at the John Radcliffe Hospital. The records, comprising administrative records of the Medical School (and, from 2000, Medical Sciences Division) from the 1920s to the 2000s, are the first records of the Medical School to be transferred to the Archives. They comprise personal files of clinical students; minutes and related papers of committees of the Medical School and Medicine Faculty Board; correspondence of the School and Division; and other records including indexes of students and photographs. The Archives already holds central University correspondence concerning the Medical School but has not, until now, held any records created by the School itself. The accession, and appraisals which Archives staff carried out at the John Radcliffe, marks the beginning of a relationship with the Divisional office which we hope will lead to regular transfers of material in the future.’
This entry was posted in Collections, News and tagged archives, JR hospital, medical school on 14 March 2011 by .
Mental Hygiene, Social Hygiene collection on Scientifica
The Scientifica project places online, French language works from the Old Books Collection of the Library for Science and Industry, published from the end of the 18th century to the beginning of the 20th.
The most recently digitised collection on Scientifica is:
“Mental Hygiene, Social Hygiene”
One hundred and twenty-six holdings – this selection expands online materials in the fields of psychology and psychiatry in the following categories: “Phrenology,” “The Theory of Degenerescene” and “Women and Sexuality in the 19th century.”
Scientifica also prospectively announces: “The Children’s Corner” scientific books and albums for children, and “The Curiosity Cabinet” a representative anthology of the library’s diverse sources on science and technology.
This entry was posted in Electronic resources and tagged digital collections, history of psychiatry, new on 11 March 2011 by .
New Wellcome Unit Library website launched
Our new Wellcome Unit Library webpages are now live and can be viewed here. More content will be added in the near future but please explore and let us know if you have any comments.
We also now have a LibraryThing account to showcase new books in the library and a del.icio.us page with links to useful websites for History of Science and Medicine.
This entry was posted in Electronic resources, News, Services, Tools on 10 March 2011 by .
The Wellcome Unit Library now has a twitter account so you can follow us @WelLibOxford.
This entry was posted in News, Tools and tagged twitter on 9 March 2011 by .
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The Gods of Gotham
by Susan Craig on July 15th, 2012
It seems like we live in a very political time — but, it might give you some satisfaction to know that it could be worse after you read The Gods of Gotham by Lyndsay Faye. This debut mystery is set in 1845 New York City, where politics is in all aspects of life — what neighborhood you live in, what church you attend, what job you have. Even the newly organized police force only exists because a politician said it should, and others see the very existence of police as an infrigement of their civil rights and no different from a standing army. Timothy Wilde is an officer in the new police force thanks to the political pull of his older brother Valentine and a horrible fire that destroys his life savings and leaves him too scarred to go back to his old job as a bartender. Tim puts on the “copper star” and gradually comes to see the worth in what he does. When he encounters a blood soaked little girl who claims to know where the children’s bodies are buried he is in the hunt for a serial killer who is removing children from brothels. The descriptions of New York City and the way people lived in 1845 are very compelling, throughout the novel the author makes use of flash, an underground language akin to thieves cant which adds additional authenticity. This is a fascinating and enjoyable read and I am pleased that it’s the first in a series.
Check ICPL's Catalog | | RSS 2.0
Weekend Champloo, July 13-15
Special Bargains Week at The Book End
Susan Craig at the Library
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Two things everyone’s missed about Amazon’s HQ2 decision
What kind of company is Amazon, and how many locations does it want?
We’re now into round 2 of the great Amazon HQ2 extravaganza, and as with the initial announcement much digital ink has been spilled to analyze the meaning of the winnowing of the list to a mere 20 cities. The Brookings Institution’s Jenny Schuetz has a very smart breakdown of the relative housing markets of the different contenders, splitting them into high cost places, recently gentrifying markets, those with abundant housing, and cities with older housing stock.
In our view, most of what’s been written about the Amazon HQ2 contest misses two important points. First, Amazon’s decision is likely to be dictated by internal business strategy factors, especially what kinds of technologies and markets it wants to develop, and its choice of cities will be dictated by whether a city’s specializations match the particular functions Amazon chooses to move away from Seattle. Second, Amazon is very likely to chose multiple locations (HQ2, HQ3, HQ4) to tap different city specializations, to minimize its negative effect on housing markets, and to continue to its negotiating leverage over “winners.”
Specialization matters
First, no one seems to be paying much attention to what business functions Amazon will place in its second headquarters. The assumption seems to be that HQ2 will be a functional clone of the Seattle mothership. That’s seldom, if ever, the way that corporations partition activities among different sites. Opening a second major headquarters location is a non-trivial event in Amazon’s business strategy: which functions get spun off to a new location, and which are left in Seattle will make a big difference to the company’s future.
Simply duplicating all of Amazon’s Seattle operations in another city would make almost no business sense. Coordinating activities and managing rivalries between otherwise similar centers would invite an internal them v. us dynamic that could outweigh any advantages of a second location. Far more likely that Amazon will spin off discrete functions to its second location. Seattle will continue to do some (probably most) things, but HQ2 will develop its own strengths and specializations.
Viewing HQ2 as a clone leads most observers to treat cities as a kind of undifferentiated commodity, measured solely by a common set of generic attributes (their housing stock, workforce with a college degree, or tax break packages). But if Amazon is really going to establish a second location with a distinct set of specializations, then the choice of a second city is much more likely to hinge on each city’s strengths as a base for that kind of activity. Our study of the high technology industries in the United States published by Brookings shows that the range of cities generally regarded as tech hubs (Austin, Boston, San Jose, etc), each exhibit distinctive technological specializations, and what’s high tech in one city is not the same as what’s high tech in another.
So the big question is this: What kind of company is Amazon going forward? Over the next decade or two, what parts of the Amazon enterprise does the company want to grow that it can best nurture in a location that isn’t Seattle?
The answer to that question is complicated by the fact that Amazon is innovating at the periphery of several different industries: retailing, logistics, software, and media/entertainment, to name just four. Depending on which of those functions one wants to emphasize, or spin off to a non-Seattle location, one would focus on a very different subset of cities.
For example, if Amazon sees itself increasingly becoming a logistics company, competing with the likes of Fedex and UPS, then it might want to locate HQ2 in a mid-continent location that could become a national hub. (Amazon already operates its own delivery vehicles in many markets, and has chartered aircraft to expedite shipping). Indianapolis, Columbus, and to some extent Chicago, offer similar locational advantages to places like Memphis (Fedex’s hub) and Louisville (UPS).
Or if Amazon views itself as a software company, developing more robotics (like drone delivery), or further refining its techniques for marketing, then perhaps it will want to go some place like Pittsburgh.
But Amazon may view itself as a rival to established media and entertainment companies, in which case Los Angeles (movies, TV), New York (print, advertising), or Washington (news) may make the most sense.
Amazon may also be a telecommunications backbone company, building on its AWS (Amazon Web Services) division. In that case, it might make sense to have a headquarters in Washington DC (strong government market, close to regulators) or Philadelphia (which is already home to Comcast).
The biggest factor at work here may be the kind of specialized labor force that Amazon could tap in each of these markets. The critical decision point may not be the simple availability of educated or creative workers, but rather the availability of just the kind of specialized workers Amazon wants. For example, Amazon reportedly told Detroit that it didn’t make the list of finalists because it didn’t have the kind of talent pool the company wanted. Richard Florida harrumphed that Amazon foolishly excluded Detroit from its list of 20 finalists, despite the fact that the region had hundreds of thousands of creative class workers.
If Amazon were looking to innovate in the automobile business, he’d have a point, but it may not be just general knowledge workers the company is seeking, but specialized talent in areas relevant to its expansion plans.
It’s worth reflecting for a moment on the history of Amazon. Why is it in Seattle in the first place? Jeff Bezos came up with the idea selling books on-line in 1994, while living in New York. But rather than start his company there, he packed his bags and moved to the Pacific Northwest. According to a 1996 interview in Fortune, the choice was quite deliberate:
He chose the Seattle area because of its proximity to both high-tech talent and a major book distributor, Ingram’s warehouse in Roseburg, Oregon.
“The next big thing is a bookstore,” Fortune, December 9, 1996
Most startups are established and grow in the places where their founders happen to be living. Few people consciously pick up and move to an entirely different community and start their business based on labor market and supply chain analyses. The fact that Bezos did so more than two decades ago, when his company was just a partly formed idea, is a good indication that it will be just as rational, now that its a huge and growing corporation.
Why not HQ2, HQ3, HQ4?
If specializations are important–and we believe they are–a critical question is why Amazon ought to create just one secondary headquarters. Part of the argument would have to be that there must be significant synergies between different functions that the company would reap a business advantage from having all those functions in a single location. In an important sense, however, the company has already crossed the Rubicon on that issue, by deciding on a major expansion outside Seattle. What that decision says, in effect, is: “We don’t have a good business reason to expand all these functions in close proximity to our core.”
Once the company has committed to put some functions in HQ2, it may find it simpler and far more productive to establish an HQ3 and and HQ4 in other cities that have the specialized labor they need. Others have noted this possibility: Richard Florida tweeted to this effect last week.
There’s another good reason to pick multiple cities. If a single winner is announced, and its competitors are dismissed, then Amazon’s negotiating position becomes much weaker. A city may not be able to deliver everything that’s promised (especially over time), and local political demands for Amazon to provide compensating benefits to the community in exchange for its subsidies are likely to escalate. Having mulitple winners will allow Amazon to continue to keep each of them honest. This has been a lucrative game for Amazon: there’s no reason to end it now.
We’re a bit wary of reading too much into the list of finalist cities. Some may be included for public relations reasons, and as we predicted many of the choices reflect the desire to maximize the companies negotiating leverage when it comes to subsidies (hence the choice of three locations in metropolitan Washington). That said, it seems likely that some of the smaller cities on the finalist list (Pittsburgh, for example), may be there not because they are candidates for HQ2, but because they may be a logical HQ3 or HQ4 for a particular specialization (like robotics).
Having several smaller HQ2, HQ3, and HQ4 locations would also work to Amazon’s advantage in minimizing its impact on housing affordability. Much has been made of a likely “winner’s curse:” in addition to giving away substantial public subsidies, a city that suddenly got 50,000 highly paid jobs would likely see a substantial escalation of housing prices. Splitting HQ2 among several different cities would lessen housing market dislocations (and not incidentally, keep alive the prospect of future competition among these “winning” cities for subsequent job expansion).
At this stage, it’s very much in Amazon’s interest to make everyone think that there’ll be just one big “winner-take-all” first prize in the HQ2 sweepstakes. A big prize is designed to elicit very large subsidy offers and other concessions, like New Jersey’s $7 billion incentive package. But like any reality-TV show, there’s nothing that stops the producers from injecting a late-in-the-game plot twisting rule change. Don’t be surprised if later this year, Amazon announces that its going to have more than one HQ2, and that the corporate functions it moves to those places don’t have a close connection to a city’s established industrial and technological specializations.
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Zombie/Reality TV Mash-up "Dead Set" Coming to IFC
Submitted by Nate Yapp on Thu, 2010-10-14 15:57
In early 2009, one of our British correspondents, Simon Powell, reviewed a fascinating-sounding miniseries called Dead Set. Written by satirist Charlie Brooker, Dead Set mixed a zombie apocalypse with the reality television series Big Brother. Simon gave it a positive review, and I despaired that the show, which made its debut on the UK-based channel E4, would never see make it across the pond to the USA. Well, those worries are now dispelled -- Dead Set is making its American debut on IFC. Starting on October 25th, each of the five parts will air at 12:00AM midnight (Eastern time), with the entire series being shown in a marathon on Halloween night at 8PM Eastern. (read more...)
Review: Leatherface: Texas Chainsaw Massacre III (1990)
Submitted by John Dubrawa on Sun, 2010-10-10 23:21
Texas Chainsaw Massacre Month. As is apparent in the structuring of its title, Leatherface: Texas Chainsaw Massacre III is more concerned with building a franchise out of its titular villain than it is crafting a continuous chapter in Chainsaw lore, and the resulting film struggles to find balance between being both a remake and a sequel to Tobe Hooper's original. Admirers of the first film will have no trouble spotting the twists and turns of David Schow's script, which treats Hooper's original screenplay like a road map, stopping at all the familiar spots along the way to a dissatisfying conclusion. To his credit, director Jeff Burr tries to inject his been-there-killed-that film with copious gore expected of a movie with Texas Chainsaw Massacre in its title (ironic since the original film had little red stuff to show), but New Line Cinema's vigorous cuts prevent the film even from being enjoyed on a primitive level. What's left is a gutted, castrated version of the original Texas Chain Saw Massacre.
(read more...)
Shiverin' 6: Meet the Sawyers
Submitted by Bruce Jordan on Thu, 2010-10-07 22:19
Texas Chainsaw Massacre Month. Greetings and welcome to another installment of Classic-Horror.com's Shiverin' 6. In sticking with our month-long celebration of The Texas Chainsaw Massacre series, we've decided to take a look at six members of the cannibalistic Sawyer clan. Demented, depraved and downright bizarre these characters inspired over the top performances from the actors cast to play them, and also provided the audience with many chill inducing moments thanks to their psychotic behavior. Now, in order of their appearance in the series, let's meet the family.
Roy Ward Baker (1916-2010)
Roy Ward Baker, who directed several British horror films in the late 1960s and early 1970s, passed away in his sleep on Tuesday, according to Guardian.co.uk. He was 93 years old. Born in 1916, Baker worked his way up the the ranks of the British film industry in the 1930s and 40s, moving from minor jobs to assistant director (he worked with Hitchcock on The Lady Vanishes). In 1947, he made his directorial debut with The October Man, which he made for Two Cities Films in 1947. He directed a number of notable pictures in the 1950s, including Don't Bother to Knock (starring Richard Widmark and Marilyn Monroe) and A Night to Remember (which documented the sinking of the RMS Titanic). As part of his extensive television work in the early 1960s, Baker helmed the episode of The Avengers which introduced Diana Rigg's Emma Peel to the world. (read more...)
The Disused Fane: Who's Next?
Submitted by Nathan Sturm on Wed, 2010-10-06 09:36
"DEATH LIVES," states the trailer for Tales from the Crypt (1972), and with its pervasive images of skulls and corpses, one is inclined to agree. Revisiting this film I am struck by how morbid and vicious it really is. It deals not just with the fear of life's end, but with the fear of what comes after life's end. From their earliest days horror films and stories have dealt with death. The imagery of decay is repulsive, and the finality of loss (Grandma isn't coming back, ever) is terrifying. We all must die. How are we to accept this? The management of this terror has been one of mankind's greatest tasks, and frequently it has fallen to one of mankind's oldest institutions: religion.
Review: The Texas Chainsaw Massacre 2 (1986)
Texas Chainsaw Massacre Month. Back in 1974, Tobe Hooper changed the horror game when he made the original Texas Chain Saw Massacre as an independent auteur. However, like many of the horror wunderkinds who made their mark in the 1970s, Hooper eventually found himself working for The Man. In the mid-1980s, Hooper was under contract to mini-major The Cannon Group, for whom he had already made two box office disasters that saw more than their fair share of post-production meddling. Making a sequel that lived up to the daunting legacy of The Texas Chain Saw Massacre would be difficult in any circumstance, but with Hooper now beholden to short-sighted corporate overlords, the task became impossible. Hooper tried, though. In The Texas Chainsaw Massacre 2, he tackled (or attempted to tackle) such diverse topics as the socioeconomic landscape of 1980s America, the absurdity of family values, and the destructive effects of vengeance, all while trying to make a movie that Cannon would deem commercially viable. With so many different goals, it isn't surprising that The Texas Chainsaw Massacre 2 is uneven, a mish-mash of interesting ideas and missed opportunities, great moments and bizarre tonal shifts.
Texas Chainsaw Massacre Month (October 2010)
It began, legend says, at Christmas time. Tobe Hooper, a film director whose only feature credit had been a hippie drama called Eggshells, was standing in a Montgomery Ward, trapped by the bustle of last-minute shoppers. As he contemplated how to get through the mass of consumerism, he found violent inspiration in a display of chainsaws. Thankfully, he didn't act on his carnage-filled fantasy of bloody crowd control. Instead, he channeled the idea into his second feature, a low-budget horror flick about a quintet of young people who are beset by a family of cannibal hicks in the sweltering Texas summer. Although produced with working titles such as Headcheese and Leatherface, it was released in 1974 with the only name it would ever need: The Texas Chain Saw Massacre. This brutal cacophony of terror would go on to spawn three direct sequels, documentaries, a video game, several comic books, an official fan club, and countless pieces of collectible merchandise. Its imitators are innumerable. In 2003, New Line Cinema and Platinum Dunes released a remake which spawned its own prequel, merchandise, and comic books.
Review: Let the Right One In (2008)
Submitted by Rich Dishman on Sun, 2010-09-26 21:20
Love conquers all is a theme at least as old as Shakespeare, but in the last fifty years, it has rarely been explored in the context of horror films. Let the Right One In's singular accomplishment is that it captivates us with a fresh take on this venerable theme while simultaneously upending horror genre conventions at every turn. The memorable end result resonates long after the final credits. (read more...)
Cold Reads: The Turn of the Screw by Henry James
Spooky children have always been favorite stock characters of the horror genre. Starting as early as The Village of the Damned, blossoming in The Exorcist and The Omen, and bringing us to times as recent as the ones that witnessed Orphan, evil-natured children have always sparked our imagination and our worse parental fears. Henry James' novella The Turn of the Screw presents this now cliché story trope in a setting that may or may not be inhabited by the damned, creating an atmosphere of dread and terror. Although at times a bit of a tough read, The Turn of the Screw remains an icon of psychological horror in literature. (read more...)
The Terrophile: Love Shack of the Evil Dead (Fanvid)
Sometimes when I'm coming up with my fanvids, I think of the movie or television series I want to work with, and then come up with a song. Sometimes I like of a song and try to find a fandom to vid it to. However, with my latest creation, the song and source came at the same time in a burst of inspiration: The B-52's "Love Shack" paired with The Evil Dead and Evil Dead II. In hindsight, it's an obvious pairing. However, the actual editing process was less obvious. From start to finish, this video was a year and a half in the making. I hope you enjoy it.
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Hydria
attributed to Antimenes Painter
(Greek)
Greece, Attic, 6th Century BC
Black-figure terracotta
Overall: 43.2 cm (17 in.); Diameter of rim: 24.7 cm (9 3/4 in.); Diameter of foot: 15.2 cm (6 in.)
Purchase from the J. H. Wade Fund 1975.1
102B Greek
The styles of the Antimenes Painter and of Psiax were so close that the great vase-painting expert, Sir John Beazley, has referred to them as "brothers." Both were active in the last decades of the 6th century BC when the new red-figure style came to dominate vase production in Athens, but only Psiax produced vases in black- and red - figure. Some figures on this hydria are very close in style to those on the eye kylix (CMA 1976.89) by Psiax. Both artists delighted in intricate detail and curvilinear designs. Shoulder: Theseus slaying the Cretan Minotaur Main panel: Quadriga (four-horse chariot) and warriors Predella: Lions attacking a doe; two stags.
Beazley Archive. n.d. Beazley Archive Pottery Database. Oxford: Beazley Archive. BAPD 5188 www.beazley.ox.ac.uk
Lee, Sherman E. "The Year in Review for 1975." The Bulletin of the Cleveland Museum of Art 63, no. 2 (1976): 31-71. www.jstor.org
The Cleveland Museum of Art. Handbook of the Cleveland Museum of Art/1978. Cleveland, OH: The Cleveland Museum of Art, 1978. Reproduced: p. 23 archive.org
The Cleveland Museum of Art. Handbook of the Cleveland Museum of Art. Cleveland, OH: The Cleveland Museum of Art, 1991. Reproduced: p. 9 archive.org
"Das Tier in der Antike," Archäologisches Institut der Universität Zürich, 1974; "The World of Ceramics: Masterpieces from the Cleveland Museum of Art," Cleveland Museum of Art, 30 June-5 September 1982, 12, no. 14. color pl. p. 22.
{{cite web|title=Hydria|url=https://clevelandart.org/art/1975.1|author=Antimenes Painter|year=c. 520 BC|access-date=18 July 2019|publisher=Cleveland Museum of Art}}
GR - Greek
Greek and Roman Art
Purchase from the J. H. Wade Fund
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A new DVD funded by a History SA SA175 grant entitled The Closed Schools of Marion commemorating Marion's nine public schools that were closed between 1987-2009 was launched by the Marion Historical Society last month.
Using photographs, original footage and oral histories from former teachers, pupils and their parents, the DVD tells the story of the nine schools that were built in the Marion area to cater for the baby boomers of the 1950s and 60s and that were subsequently closed over the last 30 years.
The film was made by award-winning local film maker Ashley Starkey, himself a former pupil of Glengowrie High, one of the now defunct schools.
At the end of World War I, Marion only had two schools – Ascot Park Primary School and Sturt Primary School - but as it developed into a market garden area and soldiers returned home to have families, there was a great need for more schools. The Marion Historical Society put together a very successful exhibition and reunion at the Marion Cultural Centre for History SA’s “About Time” History Festival in May of this year. Hundreds of former students and staff from the closed schools – Dover Gardens Primary, Dover High, Glengowrie High, Marion High, Morphettville Park Primary, Oaklands Park Primary, Sturt Primary, Tonsley Primary and Vermont High – converged on the event, which included displays of 1960s desks, uniforms, photographs and an old school bell.
Over two afternoons Ashley interviewed and filmed 17 participants, many of whom returned for the launch at the Marion Historical Society’s headquarters at Cooinda Neighbourhood Centre, Sturt Road, Marion. A second edition of the DVD is available online for $22 plus postage and a 7 minute preview of the film can be viewed here or on YouTube here.
Ashley is also the maker of Ute-opia, a 4 part film to celebrate the 60th anniversary of the Holden ute, made in conjunction with Holden and the National Motor Museum.
Submitted by AllanThomas (not verified) on Thu, 15/09/2011 - 2:05pm
It was an honour to be able to contribute to this production. I took my wife and kids along to see the exhibit and found that a few of my old school photos were actually used in it. Ash was there filming/interviewing people and got me in front of the camera to tell a few recollections of my school life at Marion High. Unfortunately I was unable to attend the preview of the DVD but have since purchased a copy which will take pride of place with my other school memorabilia. Seeing some of the old photos and uniforms brought back so many good memories. Thanks for taking me on this trip down memory lane.
Submitted by Chrisitne Hobbs (not verified) on Thu, 15/09/2011 - 2:39pm
I was thrilled to be part of the history film of The Closed Schools of Marion. Admittedly because I was not forewarned about being interview & filmed it was very nervy experience, but somehow the memories came flooding back to me enough to make a contribution. I was happy to be part of the film, & it was so nice to see the other interviews as well on the film preview night. For the most part our memories of that time were similar. I feel the past times in the education system were much better than today’s. I can say that since I have been a part-time adult high school student for a few years now & have sampled today’s education.
Submitted by Pauline Cockrill (not verified) on Thu, 15/09/2011 - 2:47pm
Thanks Allan for your contribution. Sorry you couldn't make it to the preview night - it became obvious to me after seeing the film and witnessing the camaraderie on the night, that people felt happy and proud to be part of the project. The film was a great way to capture not just facts but emotions too.
Thanks Christine - everyone seemed to be very relaxed on camera - a credit to the film maker. It was interesting that many of the school days memories were global - the whole issue of hats and rolling up skirts for example - just the same in the UK at the same time!
From what Ash told me after the preview night, it was probably best I wasn't there as i seem to have upset my old deputy principle, Erica Jolly. She began taking her wrath out on another guy before Ash told her she "had the wrong guy!!" hehehehehehehehehehe
Yes Erica was pretty feisty!
Submitted by Jane Osborne (not verified) on Fri, 16/09/2011 - 4:56pm
What a fascinating insight into school days from the 1950's onward!
I am delighted to have been a contributor and I really enjoyed hearing about the experiences of others as well.
What I found interesting was the genuine appreciation of participants for the type of education, mainly "chalk and talk", being offered back then. I would love to have experienced the many varied methods of presentation of subject matter that students have today particularly in the primary education sector not to mention the array of technology.
Well done Ashley on the many hours of work you've put in to produce such an interesting DVD and thank you to History SA and the Marion Historical Sociiety for your initiative in preserving local history for future generations.
Submitted by Pauline Cockrill (not verified) on Fri, 16/09/2011 - 5:17pm
It's great to see all these comments - keep them coming!
Submitted by Ash Starkey (not verified) on Mon, 19/09/2011 - 11:08am
Thank you for the kind words and thank you even more for being a part of this film, for sharing your memories and memorabilia.
I can still hear Erica's voice reverberating 'Allan Thomas', I think she wants to see you down the front office mate.
Submitted by AllanThomas (not verified) on Mon, 19/09/2011 - 11:16am
HAHAHAHAHAHA I believe I spent enough time in the front office under the icy glare of Mrs Jolly to last me a few lifetimes. God bless her. :)
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Washington Artillery Article
Home/Washington Artillery Article
[Update – Author’s note: As part of the 256th Infantry Brigade, the 141st Field Artillery (the Washington Artillery) was called into Federal service in 2004, 2005, and 2010 and deployed to Iraq.]
Washington Artillery
A Saga of Volleys and Balls
by Charles McCain
They fought in every major battle of the Civil War, chased Pancho Villa in Mexico, tried to make the Kaiser dance in World War I, and shot it out with Hitler’s finest in World War II. They are Louisiana’s oldest military unit and they celebrate their 143rd anniversary this month. The Pentagon calls them the 141st Field Artillery but we know them as New Orleans’ own Washington Artillery.
Lithograph of the Washington Artillery
“The greatest thing that ever happened to me is to go down in history as one of the commanders of the Washington Artillery,” says Lt. Col. Russell Mayeur, immediate past commanding officer of the 407-man battalion. Mayeur, a native New Orleanian, rose from private to become commander of the unit. The Artillery, part of Louisiana’s National Guard, is a front line combat unit composed of men from the New Orleans metropolitan area.
Organized in September of 1838, the battalion was originally composed of socially prominent New Orleanians. In the 19th century, military units were centers of social life as well as military drill. Indeed the Washington Artillery was, at times, more famous for its lavish balls than its military prowess. But during the Mexican War of 1848 the unit was sent to Mexico and the cannoneers showed they could fight as well as dance.
Between the Mexican War and the Civil War the Artillery gave parties and built a new armory at 719 Girod St. between St. Charles and Carondelet streets. But this idyll was interrupted by the Southern attack on Fort Sumter. On Sunday morning, May 26, 1861, the Artillery filed into Lafayette Square. A gray-clad officer of the new country stood before them and mustered the unit into the Confederate Army. Then they went to church.
In June of 1861, the Artillery, comprising four companies, was dispatched to Richmond, Va. “Since their arrival here (Richmond) they have been the life and soul of the city, and the admiration of all who have seen them at their morning and evening parades,” wrote the correspondent of The Daily Picayune. But the Yankees began to advance on Richmond and the Artillery was sent up to join the rest of the Confederate Army. The Rebs and the Yanks collided near a stream named Bull Run and fought the First Battle of Bull Run or First Mannassas. This was the first battle of the Civil War and New Orleans’ own Washington Artillery fired the opening cannon. “For intrepidity, and accuracy and rapidity of fire, they will stand as a proverb throughout our land,” said The Richmond Enquirer of the Washington Artillery after the battle. And The Daily Picayune informs us that Gen. Beauregard, who also fought in the battle, spoke of the Artillery “in terms of the highest eulogium.”
With so much glory being won by the Artillery, other young men were eager to join so a fifth company was recruited. According to The Sunday Delta, this company “embraced the picked young men of our city.” These “picked young men” enlisted just in time to see action in the bloody battle of Shiloh. The Daily True Delta sadly informs us that a number of them were killed at Shiloh “while at their posts like men.”
Washington Artillery before the Battle of Shiloh
Back in Virginia the original group, now a unit of Lee’s Army of Northern Virginia, continued to fire away at the Yankees. Though the cannoneers could endure the taunts of Union soldiers, they could not abide inappropriate remarks from their fellows. After the battle of Fredericksburg, two members of the Artillery engaged in an affair of honor. The two duelists, according to The Daily Picayune, “fought with horse pistols at 20 paces.” Fortunately for the cause they both missed.
The two units of the Washington Artillery fought in almost every major engagement of the War for Southern Independence including the battles of Antietam, Chancellorsville, Gettysburg, Chickamauga, and the Wilderness. After the South surrendered, the soldiers of the Artillery made their separate ways back to the Crescent City. Out of the 808 men who served with the Artillery, 139 died in the war.
Washington Artillery cannoneers in action
Prohibited by the carpetbagger government from reconstituting themselves, and their arsenal having been mysteriously burned, the Artillery survived only as a benevolent association in the 10 years following the Civil War. But the Reconstruction government was finally thrown out, and in 1875 the unit was reorganized. “A Dress and military ball at St. Patrick’s Hall” marked the occasion, according to the New Orleans Democrat.
The Artillery passed the remaining years of the 19th century with excursions to Biloxi and fancy dress balls. In 1898, however, this routine was interrupted by the Spanish-American War. The Federal Army called on the Artillery to furnish a battery of guns. When the men marched off to war they were ready to kill Spaniards and “prepared to lick any regimental or military baseball team in the country.” Indeed, continued The Daily States, the Washington Artillery was “going to toss balls with the Spaniards, and if they can’t beat them at that they will challenge them to a game of catching.” But peace was declared before the Artillery left the country and the cannoneers never played “catching” with the Spaniards.
Washington Artillery’s Motto
Because of the trouble with Pancho Villa on the Mexican border, the artillery was called to colors for seven months in 1917. According to The New Orleans Item, the only serious trouble the unit encountered was when a “lone Mexican, probably a bandit,” stole into the Artillery’s camp on the Rio Grande. The soldiers chased the bandit away. The artillerymen were more concerned with Mexican heat than Mexican bandits. The New Orleans Item printed appeals from the cannoneers to the citizens of our city asking them to raise money for a “lounging tent.” This tent was needed to “provide a place for the soldiers to rest during the hours from 11 am until 6 pm when the heat is so intense that drilling is impossible.”
Soon after the artillerymen recovered from their Mexican holiday, they were called up to help make the Kaiser dance. The cannoneers went to France but the armistice was signed before they saw action. The soldiers found France a pleasant place with no Germans shooting at them. Their commander, Maj. Owen, wrote to a friend in New Orleans, “having a perfectly beautiful time. France wonderful. ‘We won’t come back til it’s over, over here.’”
But the war to end all wars didn’t and when the United States went into World War II, the always-ready Washington Artillery was ordered to active duty. Two battalions, the 141st and the 935th, were created to serve for the duration. Both battalions were shipped to Europe in 1943 and saw action in the Italian Campaign. The 141st battalion was the first American artillery unit to enter Rome. After Rome was liberated, both units were sent to France, as part of the Allied Armies, they participated in the great land offensives which crushed the Nazi regime. When the Germans surrendered, both battalions of the Artillery were deep in German territory. The unit has not been ordered to active duty since World War II.
“Try us,” is the motto of our Washington Artillery. When tried they never fail. What was said of them in the Civil War is true for all their history: “Steady and reliable, ever at their post, the cannoneers of the Washington Artillery were soon distinguished for discipline and brilliant marksmanship, and, where quick and telling work was to be done, they were sent by all commanding generals…”
141st Field Artillery Insignia
[This article first appeared in New Orleans Magazine September 1981. Images courtesy of Washington Artillery, Sons of the South, and Wikipedia. This article can also be found in my Written Work section.]
By Charles McCain| 2011-01-28T17:00:00+00:00 January 28th, 2011|Uncategorized|0 Comments
About the Author: Charles McCain
Charles McCain is a Washington DC based freelance journalist and novelist. He is the author of "An Honorable German," a World War Two naval epic. You can read more of his work on his website: http://charlesmccain.com/
Gay Man Critical to Allied Victory to Be On British Currency
Gay Computer Genius Alan Turing Will Be On Britain’s New £50 Note
Nazi Flak Towers Blast Allied Bombers Out of Sky (1)
Come to Where the Flavor Is At Least For Cigarettes
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REVIEW OF 'FAIR GAME' FROM WHISPERING GUMS BLOG
Carmel Bird, Fair game: A Tasmanian memoir (Review) DECEMBER 6, 2015 As I started reading this next fl smalls offering, an essay this time, I was reminded of one of my favourite Australian writers, Elizabeth von Arnim. Von Arnim was a novelist, but she also wrote several pieces of non-fiction, including her delightful non-autobiography, All the dogs of my life. The similarity stems from the fact that both writers play games with the reader regarding their intentions or subject matter – “This not being autobiography, I needn’t go much into what happened next”, writes von Arnim at various points – but this similarity fades pretty quickly because Bird’s piece, despite its similarly light, disarmingly conversational tone, has a dark underbelly. I thought, given its subtitle, that Fair game was going to be a memoir of Bird’s growing up in Tasmania. But I had jumped too quickly to conclusions. The subtitle “a Tasmanian memoir” means exactly what it says, that is, it’s a memoir of Tasmania. Her interest is Tasmania’s dark history – “the lives of convict slaves, and the genocide of the indigenous peoples”. The title Fair game, you are probably beginning to realise, has a deeply ironic meaning. However, getting back to my introduction, Bird does start by leading us on a merry little dance. Her essay commences slyly with a discussion of epigraphs – hers being taken from one of her own books – and the cover illustration. She doesn’t, though, identify the illustration at this point, but simply describes it as “an image of a flock of Georgian women dressed as butterflies, sailing in a glittering cloud high above the ocean”. She then takes us on all sorts of little digressions – about birds, and gardens, and collectors, about her childhood and such – but she constantly pulls up short, returning us to “the story”, or “rural Tasmania”, suggesting that the digressions are “not relevant to this story”. Except they are of course, albeit sometimes tangential, or just subtle, rather than head on. Indeed, she even admits at one stage that: I have wandered, roving perhaps with the wind, off course from my contemplation of the butterfly women of 1832, they roving also with the wind. It must be clear by now that frequently in this narrative I will waver, will veer off course, but I know also that I do this in the service of the narrative itself. Just a warning. I love reading this sort of writing – it’s a challenge, a puzzle. Can I follow the author’s mind? One of the easier digressions to follow – and hence a good example to share – is her discussion of a 1943 book published by the Tasmanian government, Insect pests and their control. Need I say more? Bird does, though – quite a bit in fact – and it makes for good reading. Anyhow, back to the image. A few pages into her essay she tells us more. It’s an 1832 lithograph by Alfred Ducôte, and it is rather strangely titled “E-migration, or a flight of fair game”. On the surface it looks like a pretty picture of women, anthropomorphised as butterflies, flying through the air with colourful wings, pretty dresses and coronets. However, if you look closely, you will see that what they are flying from are women with brooms crying “Varmint”, and what they are flying to are men, one with a butterfly net, calling out “I spies mine”. Hmm … I did say this was a dark tale, didn’t I? The illustration’s subject, as Bird gradually tells us, is that in 1832, 200 young women were sent from England to Van Diemen’s Land on the Princess Royal. They were the first large group of non-convict women to make the journey, and their role was to become wives and servants in a society where men significantly outnumbered women. As Bird says partway thought the book, “it is not a joyful picture; it is a depiction of a chapter in a tragedy”. I’d love to know more about Ducôte, and why he produced this work, but this is not Bird’s story. Her focus is the history of Tasmania, and these particular women – who are they, what were they were going to? It appears that Bird has been interested in this story for a long time, since at least 1996 when Lucy Halligan, daughter of Canberra writer Marion Halligan, sent her a postcard with the image. Since then Bird has researched and written about the story. In fact, as she tells us, her research led to the creation of a ballet by TasDance in 2006. They called it Fair Game. Finally, she gets to the nuts and bolts, and the so-called digressions reduce as she ramps up the story of how these women were chosen, their treatment on the ship, and what happened on their arrival. It is not a pretty story, but represents an important chapter in Australia’s settlement history. I commend it to you. 2015Carmel Bird Fair game: A Tasmanian memoir (fl smalls 7) Braidwood: Finlay Lloyd, 2015 63pp. ISBN: 9780987592965
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A vast network of social service providers based in Dioceses across the United States operate under the umbrella of Catholic Charities. Catholic Charities reported employing more than 60,000 in 2013, who served more than 9 million individuals in need. The Church also employs many men and women in Catholic newspapers, Catholic cemeteries, and in other tasks supporting the Church’s mission and its works of charity.
Below find several Catholic institutional employers outside healthcare and education whose employees enjoy union representation:
Diocese of Juneau
Catholic Community Services Inc., Juneau AK (IBT)
Archdiocese of San Francisco
Catholic Cemeteries, Archdiocese of San Francisco, San Francisco CA (SEIU)
Diocese of Oakland
Catholic Cemeteries, Diocese of Oakland, Oakland CA (SEIU)
Archdiocese of Washington DC
Catholic News Service, Washington DC (TNG-CWA)
Basilica of the National Shrine of the Immaculate Conception (Food Service*), Washington DC (UNITEHERE)
Archdiocese of Chicago (Drivers), Chicago IL (IBT)
Archdiocese of Detroit
Michigan Catholic, Detroit MI (TNG-CWA)
Archdiocese of St. Louis
St. Louis Review, St. Louis MO (TNG-CWA)
Diocese of Duluth
Catholic Cemeteries, Diocese of Duluth, Duluth MN (IBT)
Mission of the Immaculate Virgin (Maintenance), Staten Island, NY (IBT)
Catholic Charities Neighborhood Services, Brooklyn NY (AFSCME)
Diocese of Cleveland
Catholic Universe Bulletin, Cleveland OH (TNG-CWA)
Archdiocese of Seattle
Catholic Community Services of Washington, Seattle, WA (SEIU)
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Lab News & Photos
2018 & In press
Parkinson, C., Wheatley, T., & Kleinbaum, A. M. (In press). The Neuroscience of Social Networks. In R. Light & J. Moody (Eds.), The Oxford Handbook of Social Network Analysis. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Weaverdyck, M. E. & Parkinson, C. (2018). Neural representation of social networks. Current Opinion in Psychology, 24, 58-66. [pdf]
Parkinson, C. (2018). Emotion in the Social World. In A. S. Fox, R. C. Lapate, A. J. Shackman, & R. J. Davidson (Eds.), The Nature of Emotion: Fundamental Questions (2nd Edition), pp. 222-225. New York: Oxford University Press.
Parkinson, C., Kleinbaum, A. M., & Wheatley, T. (2018). Similar neural responses predict friendship. Nature Communications, 9, 332. [pdf] [Supplementary Information] [TiCS Spotlight: 'Birds of a Feather Synchronize Together']
Parkinson, C., Kleinbaum, A. M., & Wheatley, T. (2017). Spontaneous neural encoding of social network position. Nature Human Behaviour, 1, 72. [pdf] [Supplementary Information] [NHB News & Views: 'Neuroscience: Social networks in the brain'] [TiCS Spotlight: 'How does social network position influence prosocial behavior?']
Parkinson, C., Walker, T., Memmi, S., & Wheatley, T. (2017). Emotions are understood from biological motion across remote cultures. Emotion, 17(3), 459-477. [pdf]
Parkinson, C. & Wheatley, T. (2016). Reason for optimism: How a shifting focus on neural population codes is moving cognitive neuroscience beyond phrenology. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 39, e126. [pdf]
Parkinson, C. & Wheatley, T. (2015). The repurposed social brain. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 19, 133-141. [pdf]
Christian, B. M., Parkinson, C., Macrae, C. N., Miles, L. K., & Wheatley, T. (2015). When imagining yourself in pain, visual perspective matters: the neural and behavioral correlates of simulated sensory experiences. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 27, 866–875. [pdf]
Parkinson, C., Liu, S., & Wheatley, T. (2014). A common cortical metric for spatial, temporal, and social distance. Journal of Neuroscience, 34, 1979–1987. [pdf]
Parkinson, C., & Wheatley, T. (2014). Relating anatomical and social connectivity: White matter microstructure predicts emotional empathy. Cerebral Cortex, 24, 614–625. [pdf]
Parkinson, C., & Wheatley, T. (2013). Old cortex, new contexts: Re-purposing spatial perception for social cognition. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 7, 645. [pdf]
Christian, B. M., Miles, L. K., Parkinson, C., & Macrae, C. N. (2013). Visual perspective and the characteristics of mind wandering. Frontiers in Psychology, 4, 699. [pdf]
Parkinson, C., Kohler, P., Sievers, B., & Wheatley, T. (2012). Associations between auditory pitch and visual elevation do not depend on language: Evidence from a remote population. Perception, 41, 854–861. [pdf]
Wheatley, T., Kang, O., Parkinson, C., & Looser, C. (2012). From mind perception to mental connection: Synchrony as a mechanism for social understanding. Social and Personality Psychology Compass, 6, 589–606. [pdf]
Parkinson, C. & Wheatley, T. (2012). Intention. In V. S. Ramachandran (Editor-in-Chief), Encyclopedia of Human Behavior (2nd Edition, pp. 452–457). San Diego, CA: Elsevier. [pdf]
Parkinson, C., Sinnott-Armstrong, W., Koralus, P., Mendelovici, A., McGeer, V., & Wheatley, T. (2011). Is morality unified? Evidence that distinct neural systems underlie judgments of harm, dishonesty, and disgust. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 23, 3162–3180. [pdf]
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Czernowitz Book Corner
Paul Celan: "Czernowitz was a place where people and books used to live..." (Bremen, 1958)
Spovedania • Testimony
Yad Vashem: "The Insurgent Mayor. When Germany signed its non-aggression pact with the Soviet Union, it took Besserabia and Northern Bukovina from Romania and gave it to the Soviet Union. In July 1941, when Germany attacked the Soviet Union with Romania at its side, the two territories were returned to Romania. For three days the returning Romanian soldiers carried out a massacre among the local Jewish population.
Born in 1892, Dr. Traian Popvici was the son of a Romanian Orthodox priest. He studied law in Czernowitz (Cernauti – the former capital of Bukovina – and today Chernovtsy in Ukraine) and earned a doctorate. When Soviet Russian annexed his town he moved to Bucharest. At first he supported Ion Antonescu's regime, but soon became disenchanted with its policy of segregation. When Czernowitz was returned to Romania in July 1941, Popovici was appointed mayor. By the time he moved into the mayor's office, some anti-Jewish decrees had already been enacted, and he tried to alleviate the Jews’ situation as much as he could. According to testimonies all persecuted Jews turned to him for help.
On 10 October 1941, the Romanian governor, acting on Antonescu's orders decreed the creation of a ghetto and the deportation of the city's Jews. Popovici expressed his objection, but to no avail. Within a few days the deportations began, and Jews from Czernowitz were transported across the river to Transnistria. By mid-November 28,000 of the town's Jews had been deported. The terrible conditions in Transnistria and the inhuman forced labor led to the death of approximately half of the deportees. Popovici later described the deportation: 'Out there a great column of people was going into exile: old men leaning on children, women with babies in their arms, cripples dragging their mangled bodies, all bags in hand; the healthy ones pushing barrows or carts or carrying on their backs coffers hastily packed and tied, blankets, bed sheets, clothes, odds and ends; all of them taken from their homes and moved into the ghetto.'
In his memoirs Popovici said that he contemplated stepping down, but was determined not to abandon the Jews in their time of need. Disregarding the risk to his person, he continued to protest to the governor and to Antonescu, arguing that the Jews were vital to the economic stability of the town. His ruse succeeded, and he was ordered to draw lists 20,000 Jews within four days. The Jews who received the exemption from deportation were allowed to return to their home. Popovici distributed authorizations to Jews - well above the quota he was given, and to people who had no professional skills whatsoever.
The abuse of his mandate cost him his job. In spring 1942 he was charged with granting permits to 'unnecessary' Jews, and was removed from his position and returned to Bucharest. In June 1942 another 5,000 Jews of Czernowitz were deported to Transnistria – most of them perished. The Jews remaining in Czernowitz survived.
Immediately after the war, Popovici wrote a book entitled Confession of Conscience. He described the events as a Romanian tragedy with deep implications for the moral consciousness of the Romanian nation. Traian Popovici confessed that he was not an adversary of Antonescu. 'Like many others in this country I believed in the myth of the strong man, of the honest, energetic, and well-meaning leader who could save a damaged country.' He went on to describe his motivations in helping the Jews: 'As far as I am concerned, what gave me strength to oppose the current, be master of my own will and oppose the powers that be, finally to be a true human being, was the message of the families of priests that constitute my ancestry, a message about what it means to love mankind. What gave me strength was the education I had received in high school in Suceava, where I received the light of classical literature, where my teachers fashioned my spirit with the values of humanity, which tirelessly enlightens man and differentiates him from the brutes'. It should be noted, of course, that many who had received the same education were among the perpetrators and bystanders, and that on the other hand, many rescuers did not enjoy and enlightened education at all. The answer to the question what prompted certain people to preserve human values is more complex.
Popovici died in 1946. Twenty-three years later, in 1969, he was recognized by Yad Vashem as Righteous Among the Nations -- the first Romanian to receive this honor.
Paying tribute to Popovici in his own country took longer. In June 2000, by resolution of the Bucharest town hall, a street in the Romanian capital was named 'Dr. Traian Popovici,' after the former mayor of Cernăuţi during the Second World War, who saved thousands of Jews from deportation to Transnistria."
Courtesy: Dr. W. Filderman Foundation
Published by Edgar Hauster No comments:
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U.S. targets families for deportation to discourage migrants
Wednesday, 19 June 2019 19:18 GMT
A four-year-old boy weeps in the arms of a family member as he and others were apprehended by border patrol agents after illegally crossing into the U.S. border from Mexico near McAllen, Texas, U.S., May 2, 2018
On Tuesday, U.S. President Donald Trump formally launched his re-election bid with a vow to continue his hardline against illegal immigration
By Tom Hals
June 19 (Reuters) - U.S. immigration authorities want to deport recently arrived families who are in the United States illegally to discourage the surging numbers of Central Americans arriving from Mexico, a government official leading the effort said on Wednesday.
U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) will target for deportation families that have received a removal order from a U.S. immigration court, said Mark Morgan, the acting director of ICE, in a call with reporters.
The agency will "be sending a powerful message to individuals from Northern Triangle countries: Do not come. Do not risk it," said Morgan, referring to Guatemala, Honduras and El Salvador. "Once you receive due process and get a final order, you will be removed."
On Tuesday, U.S. President Donald Trump formally launched his re-election bid with a vow to continue his hardline against illegal immigration.
The number of migrants apprehended crossing the U.S.-Mexico border surged in May to the highest level since 2006. Most are migrants from Central America that seek U.S. asylum, a process that can take years. Many families are released into the United States to wait out their deportation hearings, due to legal limits on the time children can be detained.
ICE will target individuals who had their claims addressed through an expedited family docket in immigration court that the Trump administration created last year, according to Morgan.
There were more than 56,000 cases on the fast-tracked family docket as of June 14, according to data from the Executive Office for Immigration Review (EOIR), the agency that oversees the nation's immigration courts.
Approximately 12,800 have been ordered removed on the fast-tracked family docket, EOIR data shows. Of those, the majority were removed in absentia -- meaning they did not show up for the hearing at which they were ordered deported.
Kevin Landy, a former ICE assistant director under the Obama administration, said that many families who were released "were often not given specific information about where they should show up for their hearings."
The surge of migrants has stretched the government's resources and hampered deportations under Trump, which lag the levels of President Barack Obama's first term.
"Resources are clearly an issue," said Morgan, which will dictate the pace of deportations.
The Senate appropriations committee on Wednesday approved on a bipartisan 30-1 vote a $4.6 billion emergency spending bill for programs that house, feed, transport and oversee families seeking asylum.
(Reporting by Tom Hals in Wilmington, Delaware, Susan Cornwell in Washington, Mica Rosenberg in New York, Kristina Cooke in San Francisco and Reade Levinson in London; Editing by Lisa Shumaker)
Refugees and Displacement
India aims to expel all illegal migrants, interior minister says
Trump administration moves to stop more immigrants from seeking U.S. asylum
Trump says weekend deportation raids were 'very successful'
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Eben Hopson Memorial Archives
Celebrate the life and leadership of the late Eben Hopson
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A Local Energy Policy for Barrow…Prepared Testimony Before the PL 94-258 Gas Rate Hearings, Barrow, AK
A Local Energy Policy for Barrow
and Other Alaskan Arctic Communities:
Mayor Eben Hopson’s Prepared Testimony
Before the PL 94-258 Gas Rate Hearings, Barrow, AK
I regret that I am not able to be in Barrow to work with you personally on the problem of setting a fair price for gas in Barrow. As you know, I have worked on the problem of access to natural gas for the community of Barrow for many years, and I have a strong personal interest in this problem.
The people of Barrow have provided nearly all of the initiative leading to the political decision to provide civilian access to the gas of the South Barrow gas field. It is amazing to look back from these times of concern about our problem to the twelve full years following the end of World War II that it took us to convince Congress of the fundamental fairness of providing for our use in Barrow of the gas under our land. We never did convince the Navy, and in this matter of providing Barrow access to gas, the Navy has always had the attitude of compliance with policy directives about which it never has really approved.
The Navy has just been following orders. But is did so in a manner which put our people in the position of helping to amortize the Navy’s investment in the South Barrow gas field. We have always questioned the fairness of this position. We feel that the gas was our gas taken from us in the name of national security through processes that would not pass muster in the light of contemporary standards of justice and equity.
When Congressman Melchor came to Barrow last summer to ask for the Borough’s active involvement in writing new legislation for the exploration and development of the Naval Petroleum Reserve No. 4, I saw this as an opportunity to work for a more enlightened national policy toward access to, and the price of, natural gas in Barrow. In fact, I saw the need for new NPR-4 legislation as an opportunity to perhaps influence our nation’s government to begin to develop Arctic resource policies needed all across the Arctic, not just here in Barrow.
In Barrow, it is true, we are more sensitive to the need for a deliberate Arctic policy than are people elsewhere. For a national Arctic policy should protect people, and Barrow is America’s largest Arctic community. If America’s emerging Arctic policy is to have any point to it, this point should be aimed toward communities like Barrow. The problems and opportunities in Barrow should be seen as those of all Arctic communities across the entire circumpolar region. They are international in nature, and American Arctic policy toward these problems and opportunities should be aimed at providing international policy leadership. The implementation of H.R. 49 provides an opportunity to begin asserting this leadership.
We went to great pains to insure that H.R. 49 established as national policy our right to access to natural gas at a just price that we can afford to pay. I feel that this is our right as Inupiat people, but I also feel that this is a right for all communities in Alaska in or near developing oil, gas and coal reserves, or adjacent to pipelines, roads or railroads that transport energy fuels. America’s emerging Arctic policy should regard all of Arctic Alaska as a special regional problem and challenge for which special national policies should be formulated. For those of us who live and work in Arctic Alaska will be providing an important service to the rest of America that is dependent upon the natural resources of the Arctic.
Both the land and the people of Alaska will withstand a great deal of pain as they yield up the energy and other natural resources that will be so badly needed in the near future years of our nation. A great deal of money will be spent, but few Alaskans will become wealthy. Most will not benefit at all financially from the exploitation of our resources, but their lives and families will be changed in ways that few thought possible.
What I’m suggesting is that seeking and developing Arctic energy reserves will cost most Arctic dwellers more than it will pay them, and an enlightened Arctic policy should take this into account, and soften the social and economic impacts as much as possible. I feel that the special considerations mandated for fixing the price of gas for Barrow should be obtained for all Alaskan communities involved in the nationally important work of Arctic energy resource development. I feel that Alaskan communities should be guaranteed access to Arctic energy fuels wherever possible, and that natural gas price policy determination for Barrow should be made with this larger context in mind.
I’m hoping that many of the advantages and accommodations gained locally in Barrow through the implementation of H.R. 49 will serve as useful precedents for the State and other local governments as other Federal onshore and offshore lands are explored and developed. As this development takes place, I’m hoping that providing access and low price for energy fuels for Alaskan communities will be included in the normal costs of development and transportation of these fuels. This way, financing a local energy policy for Alaskan communities will be included as part of the price of development, just as the cost of environmental protection and safeguards are already factored into the costs of oil and gas development. These costs would include transporting fuel to communities within a reasonable distance of producing wells and pipelines.
Thus, if gas is discovered within reach of Wainwright, the cost of development of NPR-4 would include connecting Wainwright to gas. And if a gas pipeline is built down the coast through Canada, Kaktovik would be connected to gas. But the same kind of policy should apply to Fairbanks. The same kind of price setting policy mandated today for Barrow should be obtained for these and other communities as energy fuels are developed or transported nearby.
I realize that you must confine yourselves to the consideration of the price of gas in Barrow, but I feel that what is done for Barrow will serve as an important precedent for the rest of the State.
Here in Barrow we are concerned about the reliability of our gas supplies. We are told that we may be running out of gas in the South Barrow gas field. If new wells have to be drilled, we want to be sure that the cost of the exploration and development is included in the program for exploration and development of NPR-4 and is not included in our rate base for gas in Barrow. It seems fair to us that Barrow be charged only for the costs of lifting gas for our use. There should be no charge for the gas itself. This kind of pricing policy would help us overcome the severe price escalation resulting from the development of scarce energy resources in remote Arctic environments and would be an important part of America’s overall Arctic policy.
To sum up, I feel that part of America’s emerging Arctic policy should be a local energy program through which Alaska’s communities involved in Arctic oil and gas development will be provided access to energy fuels at low cost, with the costs of this access born as a cost the development of Arctic oil and gas fields and related pipeline development and operation. Like most national policy, this kind of local energy policy for Alaskan communities will be developed through a kind of evolution. I feel that decisions relating to the implementation of Section 104(e) of Public Law 94-258 (H.R. 49) ought to be regarded as an early part of this larger evolutionary policy development.
Copyright © 2019 Eben Hopson Memorial Archives
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"Don’t worry, you’ll be dead soon"
By conorh
June 26th, 2008 @ 3:04 PM About Town,Dubliners,Events
Just back from hearing John Banville talk about Yeats in the National Library – part of a week-long series of free Yeats-themed events. I’ve been a fan of Banville’s ever since I read the line in “The Untouchable” where the narrator describes a writer he meets at a party: “He was genuinely interested in other people, always a mark of the second-rate novelist”. Wonderful.
Tomorrow’s event will be actor Patrick Bergin reading some of the poems. He’s unlikely to be as entertaining as Banville, whose reflections on Yeats included some fine literary stand-up (or to be accurate, sit-down) material –
On the ‘greatest poet of 20th century’:
“I think he was greatly helped by the fact that he had no sense of humour. It’s very difficult to be a great man if you have a sense of the absurd”
On Maude Gonne McBride:
“Of course, she never slept with him. She knew, as all women know to their amusement and all men know to their chagrin, that not being slept with is the beginning of a life-long passion”
Approvingly, on Yeat’s combined lack of education and pretensions to great knowledge:
“In his sixties, Yeats was overheard chatting up a young lady at a party: ‘Ah my dear, I’ve forgotten all my Hebrew.’ Banville added “It’s one I use frequently myself.”
When asked if he’d ever written poetry, Banville offered this, from a poem he’d written to his girlfriend at the age of twelve:
“Don’t worry, you’ll be dead soon”
And lastly, just before he read Sailing to Byzantium:
“I resent Cormac McCarthy for stealing the first line of this great poem as a title for his bad novel…”
THAT is no country for old men…
You can hear Yeats speak here
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Equity & DiversitySpotlight
Tardigrades, radio and geeking out
a Q&A with Meligha Garfield
The Office for Equity and Diversity is excited to welcome Meligha Garfield (he/him) as the inaugural director for the Black Cultural Center (BCC) at the University of Utah. The BCC will work to holistically enrich, educate, and advocate for students, faculty, and staff through Black centered programming, culturally affirming educational initiatives, and retention strategies – and Garfield is here to lead that charge.
Hailing from Rochester, New York, Garfield holds a B.A. in Government and a Master of Public Administration from New Mexico State University (NMSU) where he was previously the Programs Coordinator for the Black Programs Department. He has implemented outreach and retention services, served as coordinator and advisor in Black programs, and managed numerous departmental programming and events while at NMSU – many of which he hopes to start at the U.
In this Q&A with Garfield, we ask some personal and whimsical questions to get to know our new director.
What attracted you to this position?
I was attracted to the faculty, staff and student activism in putting the Center together; the University of Utah’s history of Ethnic Studies; and the hard-working and creative team under the Office for Equity and Diversity.
We hear this is your first time living in Utah, what do you think so far? Anything unexpected?
It’s definitely a change in pace from Rochester, New York and Las Cruces, New Mexico. Salt Lake City is beautiful, with its greenery, wide streets, huge mountains, second to none entertainment and vibrant community. As time goes on, I can’t wait to see the city and campus unfold and compare its winter to the winters of Rochester. Having experienced, six feet of snow and lake effect in New York, I have a unique perspective on the meaning of cold.
Who’s your role model, or who inspires you?
I have several role models I look up to for different reasons. First are my parents. Not only are they my first role models, but in a lot of aspects, I’m the spitting image of them – everything from their mannerisms, dedication, perseverance and overall spirit. Second is my mentee and friend Darnica Holt. Despite all we have been through, she seems to always find a way and has taught me a lot of what a real friend is. My last role model is Neil deGrasse Tyson. The guy is brilliant; he can explain anything and has me geeking about outer space and just life in general. Plus, he is also a New York Native.
If you could compare yourself to any animal, which would it be and why?
I would compare myself to the Tardigrade (water bear) – microscopic creatures that are some of the toughest on Earth. They can be found in every environment and survive radiation and intense pressure. They are also the only creatures on Earth that can survive the vacuums of space – and in a lot of ways can regenerate like Wolverine from the X-men. I compare myself to this magnificent creature because I believe I have strong perseverance and will. Despite adversity, I strive to reach my goals and desires. Nothing will hold me back.
I love going to the movie theatre. When I was a kid, I would try to go and scout out the best theatres in town. I love the seats, the overpriced snacks and being amongst several people watching a movie. My other hobbies include reading, researching and radio/voice-over work. Several people throughout my life have stated I have a “golden radio voice” and capitalizing on a hobby is always a plus. I’m also a big fan of league kickball and an avid Marvel comics and movie follower.
How do you de-stress or practice self-care?
Meditation, conversation and taking myself out of a toxic situation.
Come by the Black Cultural Center to meet our new director in person, or you can visit with him at the Black Cultural Center’s Grand Opening on September 5th!
By Kaya Aman, Office for Equity and Diversity June 17, 2019
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Golf Channel Taps Front Porch Digital for Asset-Management Hole in One
June, 01, 2010 By Carolyn Braff, Managing Editor, Sports Video Group Insider Golf Channel has quite a content library, with more than 100,000 hours of legacy videotape locked away. In addition, the network accumulates another 6,500 hours of footage annually, so every day that the network was without an archive and storage solution made for exponentially more work, once that solution was chosen. In January, Golf Channel installed a DIVArchive content-storage-management system and a SAMMA V.4 Robot from Front Porch Digital at its offices in Orlando, FL. Although it may take four years to digitize all the network’s content, that process, as well as a new all-in-one workflow, is now underway.
An All-in-One Solution
“Part of our solution was not only to get this content over to a digital file, because of constant deterioration and loss of videotape metallic oxide, but we also had to come up with a way to put our current material, XDCAM HD, in a hermetically sealed, capture-it-forever type of approach,” explains Ken Botelho, senior director of engineering for Golf Channel. “There is an acquisition part of this all the way through near-term archive, mid archive, and deep archive.”
In implementing an end-to-end solution, Botelho emphasized the need to encapsulate both acquisition and digitization, so that new content would be available in the workflow via search of proxies in a streaming format.
“That’s the big thing,” Botelho says. “When we come back from shooting a tournament, in addition to what’s coming to us live from the Tour, we’re doing all sorts of wraparounds and ENG applications, so we might bring back 600 XDCAM discs. Those have got to get loaded into a jukebox-type carousel and ingested into the system. That used to be a whole lot of man-hours, but we’ve changed that, so our workflow migration is much more efficient.”
The Front Porch Digital DIVArchive system, along with the SAMMA V.4 Robot, is behind that efficient digital workflow.
The implementation of the Front Porch Digital system is being phased in as part of Golf Channel’s transition to high definition, which also includes standardizing field production on Sony XDCAM HD and upgrading news and programming postproduction to Avid systems, using Interplay and ISIS.
New Places, Same Faces
Happily, at Golf Channel, a new workflow does not mean a new workforce, although some job titles have changed.
“With the SAMMA Robot, it’s great to retrain our library employees, who have been handling this content for years, and convert some of them into digital-transfer-center employees, which we’re now calling encoders and impressionists,” Botelho says. “We’re moving this tape little by little.”
The Robot can digitize as many as 1,000 hours of content each week, but, with hundreds of thousands of hours in the library, Botelho expects this project to take about four years to complete.
Perfect Playing Partners
The biggest challenge with this project was attempting to avoid being overwhelmed by the sheer number of hours involved.
“To successfully migrate videotape assets and try to move them into high-quality digital files and then put them in a central repository, now you have preservation to worry about, not to mention access and repurposing,” Botelho says.
He chose the Front Porch Digital system in part because it communicates well with all the other products that the system entails.
“It plays well with all of the other flavors that we’re using,” Botelho says. “Everything moves over to a Sony PetaSite storage system, of which we have four plus two Sony carousels for XDCAM disks that constantly move material back and forth.”
One of those flavors comes from Dixon Sports Computing, a sports-logging-software company that has written custom software for Golf Channel. As the network’s legacy content is archived and metadata is written for it, any editor will be able to sit at a workstation and bring up legacy content.
“They can watch live streaming content and be able to make decisions based upon time-coded metadata information that they want to pull an asset,” Botelho says. “The system will retrieve it, send it to the Avid ISIS system, and allow people to edit it. When we’re all done with this, the manual intervention will be gone; you read the metadata, say I see it, I want it, and recover it.”
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Cannabis: Medical Treatments
What progress the Government has made on making medical cannabis available to people who need it.
Gower
Tonia Antoniazzi
<p>The Government acted swiftly to change the law and those patients for whom it is clinically appropriate can be prescribed medicinal cannabis. It is a clinical decision whether to prescribe, and prescriptions of medicinal cannabis are available, and being issued where it is judged clinically appropriate for the patient.</p><p /><p />
Matt Hancock
Biography information for Tonia Antoniazzi
Prison Sentences
To ask the Secretary of State for Justice, what recent assessment he has made of the effectiveness of imprisonment for public protection sentences.
<p>The assessment of the sentence of imprisonment for public protection (IPP) found that they had been used far more widely than intended, and the IPP sentence was subsequently abolished in 2012 and replaced with a new regime of determinate sentences alongside life sentences for the most serious offenders.</p><p> </p><p>Attention is now focused on reducing the risk and thereby the successful rehabilitation of those prisoners who continue to serve the IPP sentence. A joint action plan is in place, co-owned by Her Majesty’s Prison and Probation Service (HMPPS) and the Parole Board, with the specific aim of providing opportunities for prisoners to progress towards safe release. The plan reviewed regularly to ensure that the actions in it meet the changing needs of the IPP population.</p><p> </p><p>This approach is working, with high numbers of unreleased IPP prisoners achieving a release decision year on year: 562 in 2015, 576 in 2016, 616 I 2017 and 506 in 2018. However, it is important to remember that prisoners serving IPP sentences have committed serious sexual or violent offences - and many remain in prison because the independent parole board has assessed their risk of serious harm to the public to be too great to warrant their release.</p>
Food: Safety
To ask the Secretary of State for Health and Social Care, what plans his Department has to ensure that the Food Standards Agency is able to uphold food safety standards after the UK leaves the EU.
Penistone and Stocksbridge
<p>The Department is committed to ensuring that the Food Standards Agency (FSA) maintains the high standards of food safety and consumer protection that we currently enjoy in this country. Leaving the European Union does not change the FSA’s top priority which is to ensure that food in the United Kingdom remains safe and is what it says it is.</p><p> </p><p>One of FSA’s main priorities is to have a robust and effective regulatory regime which will mean business can continue as normal. All FSA’s exit plans are either complete or on schedule to deliver in time for day one of exit. As part of this, the Department has laid 18 EU Exit Statutory Instruments on behalf of the FSA to ensure that our high standards of food hygiene and safety will be maintained in a no deal scenario.</p>
Seema Kennedy
Biography information for Seema Kennedy
Biography information for Angela Smith
Military Bases: Northern Ireland
To ask the Secretary of State for Northern Ireland, if she will make an assessment of the progress made in developing the former military bases handed over to Northern Ireland in 2003.
<p>This is a devolved matter in Northern Ireland, and as such is the responsibility of the Executive Office. Information can be requested from the Head of the Civil Service in Northern Ireland.</p>
Biography information for John Penrose
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Apalachian | Article about Apalachian by The Free Dictionary
https://encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com/Apalachian
(redirected from Apalachian)
Related to Apalachian: Appalachian Trail
(ăpəlā`chən, –chēən, –lăch`–), mountain system of E North America, extending in a broad belt c.1,600 mi (2,570 km) SW from the Gaspé Peninsula in Quebec prov., Canada, to the Gulf coastal plain in Alabama. Main sections in the system are the White Mts., Green Mts., Berkshire Hills, Catskill Mts., Allegheny Plateau, Black Mts., Great Smoky Mts., Blue Ridge, and Cumberland Plateau. To the E is the Piedmont (foothill) region. The Appalachians, much-eroded remnants of a great mass formed by folding (see mountainsmountain,
high land mass projecting conspicuously above its surroundings and usually of limited width at its summit. Although isolated mountains are not unusual, mountains commonly form ranges, comprising either a single complex ridge or a series of related ridges.
..... Click the link for more information. ), consist largely of sedimentary rocks. Mt. Mitchell (6,684 ft/2,037 m) in North Carolina's Black Mts. is the highest peak.
The Great Appalachian Valley or Great Valley is a chain of lowlands extending S and W from the Hudson Valley; its main segments are the Lehigh, Lebanon, Cumberland, and Shenandoah valleys; the Valley of Virginia; and the Valley of East Tennessee. Long a major north-south travel and settlement corridor, the Great Valley is one of the most fertile areas in the E United States.
The Appalachians are rich in coal; other resources include iron, petroleum, and natural gas. The scenic ranges also abound in resorts and recreation areas, including Shenandoah and Great Smoky Mts. national parks. The Appalachian TrailAppalachian Trail,
officially Appalachian National Scenic Trail,
hiking path, 2,144 mi (3,450 km) long, passing through 14 states, E United States. Conceived in 1921 by Benton MacKaye, forester and regional planner, and completed in 1937, the trail extends along the
..... Click the link for more information. winds 2,050 mi (3,299 km) along the ridges of the Appalachians between Mt. Katahdin, Maine, and Springer Mt., Georgia.
Crossed by few passes, the Appalachians were a barrier to early westward expansion and played an important role in U.S. history; major east-west routes like the Cumberland GapCumberland Gap,
natural passage through the Cumberland Mts., near the point where Virginia, Kentucky, and Tennessee meet. The gap was formed by the erosive action of a stream that once flowed there. It was explored and named in 1750 by Dr.
..... Click the link for more information. and Mohawk TrailMohawk Trail.
1 Old road (c.100 mi/160 km long) in central New York state following the Mohawk River. It was the sole route through the Appalachians by which thousands of settlers emigrated from the Eastern seaboard to the Midwest.
..... Click the link for more information. followed river valleys or mountain notches. Appalachia is a name applied to parts of the region that were long characterized by marginal economy, isolation of its people from the U.S. mainstream, and distinctive folkways.
See E. Porter, Appalachian Wilderness (1970); H. M. Caudill, My Land is Dying (1971); M. Brooks, The Appalachians (1986); H. D. Shapiro, Appalachia on Our Mind (1986).
a mountain system in eastern North America, in the USA and Canada, forming a belt of ranges and ridges, valleys, plateaus and tableland, from 300 to 500 km in width and extending for 2,600 km southwest to northeast from 33° N lat. to 49° N lat. The principal ranges are the Blue Ridge Mountains, White Mountains, Adirondacks, and Green Mountains. The Appalachian Plateau should also be noted. The dominating altitudes are 1,300–1,600 m (the highest peak is Mount Mitchell, 2,037 m). The Appalachians were uplifted on the site of a géosynclinal system which developed actively in the Paleozoic era on a late Precambrian folded foundation. The mountains were leveled during the Jurassic Paleocene period. Mountains reappeared in the Neocene-Anthropogenic period, when the territory of the modern Appalachians underwent a domed uplift, which resulted in the vigorous breakup of the surface and the formation of the modern terrain. The ranges consist of folded rocks and boulders and are divided by intermontane erosional valleys and basins.
During the Anthropogenic period the northern part of the Appalachians underwent glaciation, while the southern part remained in a warm and humid climate. As a result forests of broad-leaved and evergreen trees were able to survive there and subsequently to spread over a large part of the Appalachians. By structure and development the Appalachians are divided into the northern and southern regions (with the borderline approximately at the latitude of New York City).
The northern Appalachians border on the Canadian Shield in the northwest, along a huge fault (the Logan line). They lack frontal sag and consist of a narrow belt of lower Paleozoic sedimentary deposits in the northwest and a wider belt of igneous, intrusional magmatites and metamor-phic rock in the southeast. The main tectonic periods for the northern Appalachians were the Taconic (at the end of the Ordovician) and the Acadian (at the end of the Devonian). During the Carboniferous-Permian period intermontane sag developed in the interior, filled mainly with continental deposits, first coal-bearing and then red in color.
The southern Appalachians border on the midcontinental plate of the North American platform via the cis-Appalachian sag, comprising Upper Paleozoic deposits, with which important deposits of coal, oil, and gas are linked. The external, wider zone of the southern Appalachians (Valley and Ridge Province) consists of folds pointing northwest and accumulations of Lower and Middle Paleozoic rocks. The interior zone (the Blue Ridge Mountains) is made up of metamorphic sedimentary igneous Lower and Middle Paleozoic and Upper Precambrian rocks and granites. The final uplift and folding of the southern Appalachians occurred toward the end of the Paleozoic era.
In the late Triassic period the structure of the Appalachians was complicated by grabens that were filled with red continental deposits and basalt extrusions.
The climate of the Appalachians is modified by the influence of the Atlantic Ocean and especially of the Gulf of Mexico. It is temperate in the north and subtropical in the south. The average temperature in January ranges from - 12°C in the north to 8°C in the south; in July the average ranges from 18°C to 26°C. Annual precipitation is from 1,000 to 1,300 mm. In the winter there are heavy frosts in the upper zone of the mountains, and much snow falls. The valleys are drier and warmer. The summers are humid and cloudy; rainfall is abundant, especially on the western slopes. The clearest and sunniest weather comes at the end of summer and beginning of autumn.
The rivers flow in deep valleys; the flow is abundant all year round, providing considerable reserves of hydro-power. Drainage altitude ranges from 30 cm in the north to 40 cm in the south. The largest rivers are the Connecticut, Hudson, Susquehanna, and Tennessee. They overflow their banks frequently because of melting snow in the spring and heavy rainfall in the summer. The major rivers of the northern Appalachians are navigable. As they fall from the eastern edge of the Piedmont, most of the rivers form rapids and waterfalls (the so-called fall line), which are used in part for power production.
The Appalachians may be divided into two sections according to geomorphological characteristics. The northern Appalachians (as far as New York City) are a leveled-off plateau, 400 to 600 m high, with rocky massifs and ridges or ranges rising above it—the Adirondacks (1,628 m), the Green Mountains (1,338 m), the White Mountains (1,916 m), and others. The mountains have flattened tops, slanting slopes, and occasional dissected cirques. The massifs are divided by tectonic valleys, which have been transformed into troughs (the largest are along the Hudson-Mohawk-Connecticut rivers and Lake Champlain). The depressed sections, especially along the Atlantic coast, are hilly and covered with glacial deposits. The soils are mountainous, podzolic, and turf-podzolic. The vegetation consists of coniferous and mixed forests of fir, silver fir, thuja, hemlock, maple, elm, beech, yellow birch, hickory, and basswood. The southern Appalachians have a more varied terrain. Their eastern foothills are made up of flat, poorly separated valleys of the Piedmont plateau (altitude from 40–80 m in the east and up to 400 m in the west). Rising sharply above the plateau are the Blue Ridge Mountains with steep slopes and undulating or domed peaks (altitude 2,037 m—Mount Mitchell). The western slope of the range falls steeply to a long depression, the so-called Great Valley. The western foothills of the Appalachians form the Appalachian Plateau, criss-crossed by narrow and deep valleys and sloping gently from 1,500 m in the east down to 500 m in the west. The predominating soils are mountain dark brown forest soils; in the foothills, the soils are red and yellow earth. Up to an altitude of around 1,000 m there are broad-leafed forests consisting of numerous species of oak, maple, ash, and many endemic and relic species (tulip tree, magnolia, planer tree, white acacia, and others); above 1,000 m the forests are mixed and coniferous, characteristic for the northern Appalachians. Subalpine vegetation is widespread in the upper belt of the mountains (rhododendron, alders). The forests have been badly depleted.
The most characteristic fauna of the Appalachians includes numerous endemic species: whitetail deer, Virginian opossum, and several species of bats; there are also tree porcupines, American black bears, lynxes, raccoon, skunks, otters, and others.
The Appalachians are a very important area for hiking, skiing, water sports, and hunting. The Shenandoah and Great Smoky Mountains national parks, the Blue Ridge Parkway, and other features are well known.
Baulig, H. Severnaia Amerika. Moscow, 1948. (Translated from French.)
Ignatyev, G. M. Severnaia Amerika. Moscow, 1965.
King, Lester. Morfologiia Zemli. Moscow, 1967. (Translated from English. Rel’ef Zemli. Moscow, 1967.
King, P. B. Geologicheskoe razvitie Severnoi Ameriki. Moscow, 1961. (Translated from English.)
Rogers, J. “Nekotorye voprosy tectoniki Appalachei.” Geotektonika, 1968, no. 3.
Fardley, A. J. Structural Geology of North America,2nd ed. New York, 1962.
G. M. IGNATYEV and V. E. KHAIN
<a href="https://encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com/Apalachian">Appalachian Mountains</a>
Acadian orogeny
Adams Lake State Park
Appalachian National Scenic Trail
Black Mountains
Blue Hills Reservation
Boone Festival
Buck's Pocket State Park
Carter Family
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Central Lowland
Chattahoochee-Oconee National Forests
Cherohala Skyway - Tennessee
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These Apalachians, Senores, are a fierce and fearless race; they are no such feeble and timid people [.
Simms's Vasconselos: a multicultural reading
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Aozou Strip
Ap stars
Apache & Sitgreaves National Forests
Apache County
Apache Girls' Sunrise Ceremony
Apache Indians
Apache Maidens' Puberty Rites
Apache Point Observatory
apachite
Apáczai Csere, Janos
APAL
Apalachee
Apalachian
Apalachicola National Forest
Apamea Treaty of 188 B.C.
Apanasenko, Iosif
Apanasenko, Iosif Rodionovich
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Aparcería
apareon
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Apatemyidae
apatetic
Apathornithidae
Apatosaurus
APAHM
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APAIE
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APAIS
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APALC
APALI
APALJ
apallaesthesia
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apallic syndrome
Apaloosa
APALRC
APALSA
APALU
APAM
APaM1
APAMAD
APAMC
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Department of Geotechnics and Transportation
Message Speech by Director of Department
Welcome to the Department of Geotechnics and Transportation, School of Civil Engineering. This Department comprises two main sections; the geotechnical engineering section and the transportation and highway engineering section.
Geotechnical engineering which generally deals with natural materials near the earth’s surface utilizes the principles of soil mechanics and rock mechanics in designing safe, economical and environmentally sustainable foundations, retaining structures and earth structures. Transportation and highway engineering meanwhile is a broad discipline which involves planning, designing, construction, operation, maintenance and control of transportation facilities to ensure the provision of safe, economical, effective and efficient as well as environmentally sustainable transport services.
Presently each section has 14 academic staff in addition to 2 academic staff in the area of civil engineering surveys. In order to ensure quality services, a total of 9 well-trained technical/laboratory personnel are available to assist academic staff, students, researchers and other parties in carrying out experiments and related testing in the laboratories or on sites. Besides academic related duties, both the academicians and technical staff are often referred to by industry players to participate and/or to solve geotechnical engineering and/or transportation engineering related problems faced by those practitioners. Such collaborations are normally translated to consultancy projects and/or contract researches. The academic staff, laboratories personnel and students also involve in community services such as installing tubed wells for water supply for an indigenous community and a religious school in Johor, cleaning houses and schools affected by flood in Kelantan, and delivering motivational talks to secondary school students.
In line with the aspiration of the University to be one of the renowned global academic centers in the field of engineering and technology, the government of Malaysia provides financial supports to the University to improve the infrastructure to fulfil the demands from the students, academicians, researchers and other stake holders. With the provision of the financial supports (in terms of research grants, 10th and 11th Malaysia Plans, etc), both the soil laboratory and transportation laboratory have been equipped with up-to-date equipment and machines. By having such facilities, teaching and learning as well as researches can be performed effectively and efficiently to ensure the quality of graduates and research outputs.
As for research activities, different research groups associated with different sub-areas were formed. The Soft Soil Research Group (SSRG), the Ground Improvement Research Group (GIRG) and the Geohazard Research Group (GRG) are associated with geotechnical engineering, whereas the Pavement and Transport Research Group (PTRG) is linked to transportation and highway engineering. Research outputs are normally shared with interested parties via journal papers, seminars, conferences, short courses and colloquiums. As can be seen, hundreds of technical papers produced by the academic staff and researchers in the Department have been published in renowned journals and proceedings, in addition to innovative research products. Moreover, a center of excellence specifically related to tropical geoengineering (GEOTROPIS) was recently formed.
In summary, the Department has actively played the roles in the disseminations of knowledges and expertise to produce quality human capitals (engineers, researchers, consultants) besides to provide innovative and sustainable engineering solutions. For further information related to geotechnical engineering, transportation and highway engineering as well as civil engineering surveys, kindly visit the School of Civil Engineering website at civil.utm.my.
Dr. Nor Zurairahetty Binti Mohd Yunus
Department of Geotechnics & Transportation,
School of Civil Engineering,
Faculty of Engineering,
Universiti Teknologi Malaysia,
81310 UTM Skudai,
Email: nzurairahetty@utm.my
Tel: +6(07)55-31504 (Direct Line)
Fax: +6(07)55-66157
Welcome Speech by Director of Department
Welcome to the Department of Geotechnics and Transportation, School of Civil Engineering. This Department comprises two main sections; the geotechnical engineering section and the transportation and highway engineering section. Read more...
Copyright © 2019 Department of Geotechnics and Transportation · UTM Webteam
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Zhang Yimou on working with Hollywood: movie landscape of world changes
The battle for the year end box office has began and a major player is "The Great Wall", an ambitious China-U.S co-production directed by Zhang Yimou. Zhang said his star-studded new blockbuster indicates that the movie landscape of the world has changed. Co-productions are opening new opportunities for industries both at home and abroad.
Zhang Yimou has revealed his monster to the world, as his English-language debut "The Great Wall" premiered last Friday.
The film centers on the mysterious origins of the Great Wall of China and what the wall’s original purpose was.
Set in the Song dynasty, the film depicts a Chinese army battling a group of monsters to protect the Great Wall from destruction.
The cast includes Chinese actor Andy Lau, "Game of Thrones" star Pedro Pascal and Matt Damon.
The battle for the year end box office has began and a major player is "The Great Wall", an ambitious China-U.S co-production directed by Zhang Yimou.
The film, co-produced by the China Film Company, LeVision Pictures, Legendary Pictures and Universal Pictures, reportedly cost US$150 million to make.
Director Zhang Yimou said he studied how to make blockbusters and had no intention to defy Hollywood's production rules, which he said, had nurtured generations of audiences all around the world.
But he still had to fight with the producers to save certain scenes which they deemed not important and not interesting to American audiences.
"Hollywood blockbusters often like to add romantic scenes, but I've cut those scenes back and after negotiating with them, found it's more neccesary to focus on depicting the monster and the characters. When choosing a Chinese monster, we thought Taotie was the best choice. The greedy monster comes from China's ancient myth compilation, "The Classic of Mountains and Seas." It has appeared in bronzeware and numerous historical archives.The border pattern on the RMB bill is also inspired by this ancient image," he said.
This time the monster lurking behind the Great Wall was designed by Weta Workshop, the company behind the award-winning "The Lord of the Rings."
But for Zhang, working with professional teams from Hollywood also means making compromises sometimes.
"When designing the fight costumes, I thought steel armour would be more suitable for the big screen. But the Hollywood team thought that leather armour was better, because it's rarely seen, so it's more unique. So you see it's usually what we take for granted that western audiences find the most eastern, the most interesting," he said.
Zhang Yimou believes that he is now the only Chinese director who understands so deeply and so well how Hollywood works, after working on "The Great Wall" for the past three years.
"To export Chinese culture, you have to follow their format. You have to be careful and entertaining. You should not be too academic, otherwise it will not be efficient and accepted by foreign audiences. You have to succeed in this. If the film fails, your mission to export culture will fail too," he said.
"The Great Wall" will also be released in North America in February 2017.
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