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Holiday Sri Lanka
Full Tours
Safari & Wildlife
Sun & Beach
Nature & ECO
Fun & Adventure
Hills & Chills
Holiday Overseas
Airline Ticketing
Train Bookings
Visa Facilitation
Events & Entertainment Booking
Affordable STAR CLASS Holidays
Day 01 : (Arrival) Airport – Negombo (Approx. 20 minutes Drive)
Arrival at Bandaranaike International Airport where you will be met & welcome by Journeyator representative and transfer to Negombo
En-route City tour of Negombo
Transfer to hotel in Negombo
Overnight stay at the hotel
Negombo has been mostly unexplored but less crowded as most tourists use the town for the first or the last night of their stay in Sri Lanka. That is where the advantage where you have the beach mostly to yourself. Nevertheless those who have identified its secrets have been visiting the town year after year. Fine beach stretches are superbly maintained by the hotels while some are always busy with fisherman and their equipment. Equipment for water sports such as diving, wind surfing are available at most hotels and private vendors.
Overnight Stay at 'Jetwing Lagoon' Hotel - Deluxe Room or Over Stay at 'Jetwing Beach' Hotel – Deluxe Room
Day 02 : Negombo – Kandy (Approx. 03 hour Drive)
After breakfast, proceed to Kandy
En-route visit Pinnawela Elephant orphanage
Also en-route City tour of Kandy
Transfer to hotel in Kandy
Visit Temple of the sacred tooth relic Kandy
Evening witness to Kandy cultural show
Dinner and overnight say at hotel
Pinnawela Elephant Orphanage, established in 1975, commenced with seven orphans. Today some of these orphans enjoy the fortune of seeing their grandchildren born in the same location. The original objective of establishing the orphanage inclined more towards tourism, but is soon became a conservation and educational centre. With the help of local and foreign elephant experts, Pinnawela started a scientific captive-breeding programme for elephants. The free movement of the herd enhanced the chances for respective individuals of both sexes to get together and mate. The nearby river played a dominant role in this regard, and in 1984, the first baby of Pinnawela was born. The success story of Pinnawela has drawn the attention of scientists from all over the world. A considerable number of books and research articles on Pinnawela have been published in several languages. The members of the Pinnawela herd have been filmed, videoed and photographed thousands of times by professionals.
Kandy was Last ruled by King Sri Wickrama Rajasinghe - before it was brought under the British rule in 1815, Kandy - the World Heritage Site & last royal capital of Sri Lankan kings - crafts an array of culture, history and heritage in the minds of visitors across the globe. A stroll across this small lakeside town - cradled among the misty hills. will feature the Kandy City Centre - bundled with latest and world class brands, bazaar, an arts & crafts centre, as well as a gem museum & lapidary. Drive towards Victoria Golf Course, undoubtedly one of the best golf courses in the world for a sweep blended with class and style. Or walk in color as you glide through fresh fruits and vegetables in the Kandy market. Fine tube your evening by stepping to the beat of traditional music & drumming amplified by a cultural show enhancing the rich and vibrant culture of the Wonder of Asia, Sri Lanka.
Temple of the Tooth Relic is the Most Sacred Place for the Buddhists in all over the World. The Sacred Tooth Relic (Dālada) of the Buddha is the most venerated object of worship for Buddhists. Its present house, the Temple of the Tooth Relic (Dālada Māligāwa) in Kandy, Sri Lanka is considered the foremost sacred place of worship in the Buddhist world.
Kandy Cultural Show is one of the most famous event / sight seing available for the foreigners in their visit to Sri Lanka. This spontaneous event upheld the Sri Lankan Folk-lore dance which prevailed from the history. It shows the uniqueness of the Sri Lankan dance performances and the drummers who are very unique to Sri Lanka. As the final event in the Cultural show, walking on fire is done with the everlasting faith towards the god.
Dinner and Overnight Stay at 'Cinnamon Citadel' Hotel – Superior Room
Day 03 : (Departure) Kandy – Bandaranaike International Airport (Approx. 03 hour Drive)
After breakfast, visit Royal Botanical Garden in Peradeniya
Transfer to Airport for the Departure Flight
Peradeniya Royal Botanical Gardens, the finest of its kind in Asia, the largest of the botanical gardens of Sri Lanka, couldn't be better located. In the Mediterranean climate of Kandy, the gateway to the Central Highlands, the Gardens, at an elevation of 500 meters above sea-level, were tightly bounded on three sides by a loop of River Mahaweli (Great sandy river), the largest river of Sri Lanka.
End of the Tour
Accommodation on sharing double BB basis for 02 nights 03 Days (Complementary upgrade to half board at Cinnamon Citadel Kandy)
Transportation by Air-Conditioned car throughout the tour with an English Speaking driver cum guide during the whole tour
Mineral Water 02 bottles per person per day (500 ml each)
Includes all the Government Local Taxes (current prevailing)
All entrance fees as per the program – Pay Directly at the sites
Expenses of personal nature (Telephone calls, Laundry etc.)
Tips and gratuities
Any items specifically not mentioned in the itinerary
Video and Camera permits
beverages throughout the tour
All extra mileages, extra entrance fees out of the program
Rooms will be on availability & in case if the said hotels are fully booked due to any reason, similar hotels will be provided in the same vicinity or nearest location
We will upgrade to you to half board with complimentary basis at Cinnamon Citadel Kandy
Standard check-in time and check-out time at the hotels 1400 hrs – 1200 hrs
For Credit Card payments an additional of 3.5% surcharge will be added on top of the Total invoice amount
177, R A De Mel Mawatha, Colombo 00300, Sri Lanka
Bentota Beach Hotel
Chaaya Blu
Chaaya Tranz
Jetwing Galle Heritage Village
Saffron & Blue Jetwing - Kosgoda
Cinnamon Citadel
Cinnamon Lodge
Culture & Beach
Luxury Package
copyright © 2016 - Journeyator.com Designed by Vishmitha.com
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Posts Tagged ‘Sir William Hamilton’
Emma at Home: Lady Hamilton and Her “Attitudes”
Posted in Dancing, jane austen, Jane Austen's World, Regency Customs, Regency Life, Regency society, Regency style, Regency Travel, Regency World, tagged Emma Hamilton, Emma Hamilton's dances, Lady Emma Hamilton, Performance Art, Regency theatre, Sir William Hamilton on May 1, 2010| 8 Comments »
Emma, Lady Hamilton is best known by the casual history fan for her love affair with Lord Nelson. Born in poverty, she first plied her alluring wares in a brothel before becoming Sir Harry Fetherstonhaugh’s mistress. When she became pregnant, he unceremoniously dumped her. But Emma was too stunningly beautiful to live a life of squalor, and the Honorable Charles Greville next picked her to become his mistress. It was through Greville’s connections that she met painter, George Romney, whose obsession with her beauty resulted in a score of memorable paintings. (He continued to paint her portrait even after she left England.)
Emma as Circe, George Romney
Emma loved Charles, but he needed money, so when he met a woman of means in 1786, he trundled Emma off to his widowed uncle in Naples, Italy, and thus Emma’s association with Sir William Hamilton began. Sir William was a diplomat and an avid art collector of classical statuary, urns and vases, which filled his villa in Portici overlooking the Bay of Naples. A connoisseur, he deeply appreciated Emma’s beauty, intelligence and special talents, not the least among which were her acting skills, hostessing abilities, and aptitude for learning new languages.
Caricature of Emma Hamilton as an artist’s model posing in an “Attitude”, Thomas Rowlandson
Sir William Hamilton
Emma’s stint as Romney’s model had given her experience posing in various classical guises. She’d also had the dubious distinction earlier in her career in London, of having worked as a scantily clad model and dancer – or “Goddess of Health” – at Dr. Graham’s Temple of Health and Hymen, which claimed to cure the reproductive and sexual problems of couples. Emma used her “theatrical” experiences to develop her “Attitudes”. In helping Emma design her act, Sir William, whose knowledge of the imagery on classical vases was authoritative, used ancient Roman pantomimes as a model. The result of their collaboration was a silent performance that combined poses, classical dance and acting with Emma’s special allure. Emma gave her first showing in spring of 1787 to a group of European guests. Sir William held the lights and introduced his wife, as he would do for all her theatrics.
The poses were an immediate hit. Emma moved through her routine within a tall black box surrounded by a gold picture frame, using only a shawl or urn for a prop. (Although she must have occasionally used a child, as included in these images.) For her “Attitudes”, Emma wore simple white-draped garments that fitted loosely and allowed her long hair to flow free. Her dresses were modeled on those worn by peasant women in the Bay of Naples. Sitting, standing, leaning, or kneeling, or posing as Medea or Cleopatra, she seemed to step right off the antique vases that her husband collected.
Portland Vase, British Museum, once owned by Sir William Hamilton
Emma’s repertoire was large and made up of at least 200 poses. During a performance she moved from one silent tableau to the other with great rapidity, delicacy. and deliberateness in what one writer termed ‘bursts of stillness.’ The private and select audiences would attempt to guess the names of the classical characters and scenes from stage and literature that she pantomimed, and stare in awe at Emma’s ability to transform her moods and the scene in an instant. Out of necessity, earlier viewings remained private, for Sir William and Emma were not married.
The couple did eventually marry in London in 1791 at St. George’s Church in Hanover Square. Sir William was 61 and his wife was 26. After their wedding, the Hamiltons returned to their home in Italy. They continued to perform the “Attitudes, but now they could publicly and conspicuously invite a much larger and more diverse audience. Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, the German poet, had been invited to watch a performance during a visit to Naples. Impressed, he wrote:
The Chevalier Hamilton so long resident here as English Ambassador, so long too connoisseur and student of Art and Nature, has found their counterpart and acme with exquisite delight in a lovely girl, English, and some twenty years of age. She is exceedingly beautiful and finely built. She wears a Greek garb becoming her to perfection. She then merely loosens her locks takes a pair of shawls, and effects changes of postures, moods, gestures, mien, and appearance that make one really feel as if one were in some dream. Here is visible complete and bodied forth in movements of surprising variety, all that so many artists have sought in vain to fix and render. Successively standing, kneeling, seated, reclining, grave, sad, sportive, teasing, abandoned, penitent, alluring, threatening, agonised. One follows the other and grows out of it. She knows how to choose and shift the simple folds of her single kerchief for every expression, and to adjust it into a hundred kinds of headgear. Her elderly knight holds the torches for her performance, and is absorbed in his soul’s desire.
Lady Emma Hamilton as the Goddess of Health, 1790, Cosway
There must have been something titillating and erotic about Emma’s act, for her poses, although inspired by classical motifs, also drew upon her earlier experiences as a “Goddess of Health” in London and her erotic performances dancing naked for Sir Harry Fetherstonhaugh’s friends on his dining table. Her fame spread far and wide, and Emma, Lady Hamilton’s “Attitudes” became a big draw on Europe’s Grand Tour. Painters and writers sought out her performances, which charmed aristocrats and royals as much as artists and the literary set. Élisabeth-Louise Vigée-Le Brun observed:
“Nothing was more curious than the faculty that Lady Hamilton had acquired of suddenly imparting to all her features the expression of sorrow or joy, and of posing in a wonderful manner in order to represent different characters. Her eyes alight with animation, her hair strewn about her, she displayed to you a delicious bacchanale, then all at once her face expressed sadness, and you saw an admirable repentant Magdalene.” – Elizabeth Vigee-Lebrun
Lady Emma Hamilton, 1794, Rehberg
The black and white Rehberg illustrations featured in this post and commisioned by Sir William, are drawn with simple, graceful and classical lines and freeze a particular “Attitude”. Their idealistic poses are among the few visual reminders that remain of Emma, Lady Hamilton as a performance artist. As the images show, Emma was a voluptuous, well-formed and beautiful woman. Her love for food and drink was no secret, and she would gain a substantial amount of weight over time, until at 47 she was described as being fat. But for a number of magical years, art, performance and beauty combined to create a series of tableaus that are still remembered today for their freshness and originality.
Emma Hamilton, 1794, Friedrich Rehberg, engraver and Tommaso Piroli, illustrator
Read about Lady Hamilton’s later years and sad death in this link.
To learn more about Emma’s fascinating skills, watch a lecture by John Wilton-Ely. His talk is on the ” performances by Lady Emma Hamilton, one of the most celebrated beauties of her era and a remarkable pioneer in developing performance art.” Click here to watch the lecture. (A little over an hour long but well worth the time.)
More on the topic:
Emma Hamilton Timeline
The Analysis of Performance Art
The Debt We Owe Lady Hamilton, Lucy Moore
Memoirs of Emma, lady Hamilton: the friend of Lord Nelson and the court of … By Walter Sydney Sichel, 1910, Google book
The Hero of Vesuvius: Eyewitnesses
Graham’s Celestial Bed
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Fairytale Leaders & The Holy Trinity
by Robert Phillips.
In the latest edition of The Trust Delusion podcast, author Margaret Heffernan warns of “fairytale leaders” – those who consistently make promises they cannot keep and are bemused and disappointed when no-one trusts them when their false promises are broken.
Good leaders must be honest about the inevitable difficulties on the journey ahead, especially when they know it’s going to be tough. No-one can guarantee a forever-easy ride, which is why ad nauseam commitments to quarter-on-quarter growth/ success/ nirvana are misleading. There are no silver bullets in the real world.
Management expert and long-time analyst of trust, Professor Veronica Hope-Hailey likewise rails against those leaders, especially CEOs, who live in the “la la land of constantly sunny uplands”. Honesty must trump hyperbole. But, for her, leadership has become “a scripted performance art, poorly excused by an obsession with increasing returns and shareholder value.”
The sleek scripts are usually written by phalanxes of polished corporate comms. professionals.
The Heffernan and Hope-Hailey observations run to the heart of the trust delusion and call for radical honesty and transparency in business and politics. They point towards the holy trinity of Trust + Purpose + Engagement, each of which has its own set of organising principles and ideas.
Holy Trinity: P is for Purpose
I am a huge fan the Blueprint Five Principles “purpose” framework. My organisation, Jericho Chambers, encourages its partners and clients to adopt and embrace them. Human integrity and the common good are the lodestars for those committed to a purposeful future. Recent research, however, reveals that while 90% of companies have a stated (social) purpose, only 61% have an operational plan to deliver it: a troubling gap.
Holy Trinity: T is for Trustworthy
Being trustworthy demands a combination of honesty, competence, reliability and “good”, all of which are quickly undermined by self-interest. No organisation can lay claim to a legitimate purpose, if it fails on any of the trustworthiness drivers.
This is the equation on which I base my on-going research and arguments:
The Holy Trinity: E is for Engagement
Likewise, trustworthiness is not attainable without satisfying new, organising principles of public engagement: activism, participation, accountability and dissent.
These principles, originally set-out in Trust Me, PR is Dead (Unbound, 2015), sit at the heart of long-running Jericho programmes on Responsible Tax and Good Work, as well as more recent and upcoming initiatives on Investing in Society and the Ethics of Disruption. Jericho’s project on the future of Public Private Partnerships, currently in incubation, also reflects these values and addresses the vexed issue of trust between business and government.
None of us can learn if we do not listen, especially to those with whom we disagree. And promises are less likely to be broken if robust accountability mechanisms are in place.
Those of us concerned at the depth of the trust delusion in business also warn that we may have reached peak purpose. What started as a vital and noble ambition – to realign the needs of society with the responsibilities of business – has been diluted to the point where, for many, corporate purpose is now little more than skin-deep: convenient for CEO keynotes, the Davos playlist and grandiose Vision, Mission & Values statements but not delivering meaningful change and a better society.
The time has come to call-out fairytale leaders and embrace the holy trinity.
Just as we need to understand the moral responsibilities and choices we hold as leaders, so we should recognise – openly and honestly – that social good and even “responsible” capitalism remain uncomfortable bedfellows. Compromise, as well as consensus, is required and, alongside this, transition strategies to support the shift towards a better society, not least in addressing the climate emergency.
Leaders of today and tomorrow have to be honest with themselves and others of the uncertainties ahead: what is possible, not just what is desirable; where the barriers lie. Long-term security will be undermined by poor decision making in the near-term. What we do is now the only true currency of trust and purpose. Which is again why legitimate engagement is all-important.
A final thought: competence is a much under-rated virtue. As Margaret Heffernan notes: ”I would much rather be operated on by a competent heart surgeon, than one who is good at marketing.”
It’s a prescient observation for these extraordinary and troubling times.
Robert Phillips is the founder of Jericho Chambers.
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Rush LimbaughRush Limbaugh
Does Heavier Policing Make Roads Safer?
Past research has presented conflicting evidence regarding the efficacy of police presence to maintain road safety. While some studies demonstrate that more police activity leads to better behavior on the roads, others reveal no such association.
Some research has found that police activity on the road increases road safety—but only to an extent, and usually relating only to drunk driving. A ten percent increase in DUI arrests was associated with a one- to two-percent reduction in drunk driving crashes, all other factors accounted for.1 Other studies have failed to establish an association at all, finding no evidence that increased traffic enforcement reduces the incidence of crime, driving violations, or accidents, nor that punishment for particular violations has any effect on rates of offending.2
What’s more, another study argues that traffic ticket issuance has a clear economic motive: for every 10 percent decrease in a municipality’s revenue, traffic ticket issuance in that municipality increases by about 6.4 percent,3 and remains elevated even after revenue increases again. With such a tenuous connection between traffic enforcement and good driving behavior, what’s the purpose of ticketing in the first place?
The data science team at Insurify delved further into the relationship between traffic safety and police forces, referring to their database and to external sources.
This analysis found no relationship between the density of police officers, the rate of enforcement for driving offenses, and traffic fatalities. In this examination, it was neither the case that states with higher levels of traffic violations and vehicle deaths were assigned larger relative police populations, nor that states with more enforcement see fewer deaths. No significant correlations between these factors were identified.
National averages. Across all states, the average density of police officers is 31.95 officers per 10,000 drivers, while the average overall infraction rate is 1,534 motorists with at least one traffic offense per 10,000 licensed drivers. Additionally, traffic fatalities across all states average to 1.65 deaths per 10,000 licensed drivers.
Highs and lows. Not all states are equal in terms of police density, driving infractions, and traffic fatalities. New York, North Dakota, and Mississippi have the highest share of police officers, driving offenses, and traffic fatalities, respectively. For every 10,000 drivers, there are 55.69 police officers in NY, 2,597 infractions in ND, and 3.36 traffic fatalities in MS. Conversely, Alabama, Connecticut, and Massachusetts have the lowest shares. In a population of 10,000 drivers, AL has 13.56 police officers, CT has 1,003 infractions, and MA has 0.71 traffic fatalities per 10,000 drivers.
How safe are America’s roads today? While it’s impossible to attribute changes in road safety to one factor in particular, there’s no question that vehicle safety features have improved from one year to the next. From rearview cameras to lane-keeping assist features to improved crumple zones, each car’s new model year is generally a safer version of the last. For decades, from the 1960s to the turn of the 21stcentury, traffic fatality rates were consistent with this trend in vehicle safety, decreasing from 5.04 deaths per 10,000 licensed drivers in 1966 to 1.53 deaths per 10,000 licensed drivers in 2014. Since then, however, fatality rates have begun to climb despite continued improvements to vehicle safety.
To determine the relationship between traffic incidents and police officers by state, the data and research team at Insurify conducted a correlational study analyzing the density of police officers, frequency of traffic fatalities, and rate of traffic violations by state.
The density of police officers by state, defined as the proportion of police officers in that state in comparison to licensed drivers, was calculated using data published by the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) and the Bureau of Transportation Statistics. Law enforcement data were gathered from the FBI’s latest Uniform Crime Reporting statistics, which list the number of police officers in each state. These numbers were compared against the most recent driver data released by the Bureau of Transportation Statistics, which detail the number of licensed drivers in each state, yielding the density of police officers by state.
Infraction rates by state were calculated using data from Insurify’s database of over 2 million insurance applications. Drivers disclose personal and vehicle information in addition to driving history, including past accidents and driving infractions. Infractions were sorted into seven categories: license-based moving violations, insurance-based moving violations, speeding violations, signal violations, passing violations, DUIs, and reckless driving violations. For each state, Insurify’s data scientists calculated the proportion of drivers with these violations on their record. Infraction rates by state were compared with the density of police officers by state, to determine any correlation between the two.
The latest state-based traffic fatality statistics on rates of traffic deaths per licensed driver and per million miles traveled were gathered from the State Traffic Data report, released by the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA). Traffic fatality rates were also compared with the density of police officers by state and with statewide infraction rates, to determine any relationship between the density of law enforcement officers, the rate at which drivers are charged with driving offenses, and traffic safety outcomes.
Correlations Between Police Presence, Rates of Driving Offenses, and Traffic Fatalities
Police Officers and Driving Offenses
This table illustrates the statistical relationship between the density of police officers and rates of driving offenses by state. Driving offenses are listed in order of the frequency in which they occur.
Driving Infraction x Police Officer Density R-Value Strength and Direction of Correlation P-Value
All Infractions x Police Officer Density r=-0.296 Moderate Negative Correlation p=0.037
Speeding Infractions x Police Officer Density r=-0.245 Negligible Correlation p=.087
License Infractions x Police Officer Density r=-0.257 Negligible Correlation p=0.071
Signal Infractions x Police Officer Density r=0.148 Negligible Correlation p=0.304
DUIs x Police Officer Density r=-0.271 Negligible Correlation p=0.057
Reckless Driving x Police Officer Density r=-0.046 Negligible Correlation p=0.751
<Insurance-related Infractions x Police Officer Density r=-0.347 Moderate Negative Correlation p=0.014
Passing Violations x Police Officer Density r=-0.018 Negligible Correlation p=0.899
Only two driving offenses have a statistically significant correlation with police officer density. Insurance-related infractions have a moderate negative correlation with police officer density, r=-0.35, while driving infractions, when grouped as a whole and compared with police officer density, also reveal a moderate negative correlation, r=-0.35. All other driving infractions by state, considered separately, are not correlated with police officer density by state.
Police Officers and Traffic Fatalities
This table illustrates the statistical relationship between the density of police officers by state and traffic fatality rates by state.
Traffic Fatality Rate R-Value Strength and Direction of Correlation P-Value
Traffic Fatalities per State Population x Police Officer Density r=0.156 Negligible Correlation p=0.140
Traffic Fatalities per Licensed Driver x Police Officer Density r=-0.280 Moderate Negative Correlation p=0.049
Traffic Fatalities per Miles Driven x Police Officer Density r=0.133 Negligible Correlation p=0.359
A statistical analysis of the relationship between police officer density and traffic fatality rates by state reveals no significant correlation between the two. Simply put, the numbers suggest that traffic fatalities are independent of law enforcement’s presence on the roads, at least on a state-by-state basis.
Traffic Fatalities and Driving Offenses
This table illustrates the statistical relationship between traffic fatality rates by state and driving offenses by state. Driving offenses are listed in order of the frequency in which they occur.
Driving Infraction x Traffic Fatalities per Licensed Driver R-Value Strength and Direction of Correlation P-Value
All Infractions x Fatalities per Licensed Driver r=0.053 Negligible Correlation p=0.716
Speeding Infractions x Fatalities per Licensed Driver r=0.022 Negligible Correlation p=0.882
License Violations x Fatalities per Licensed Driver r=-0.006 Negligible Correlation p=0.967
Signal Violations x Fatalities per Licensed Driver r=-0.305 Moderate Negative Correlation p=0.031
DUIs x Fatalities per Licensed Driver r=0.109 Negligible Correlation p=0.450
Reckless Driving x Fatalities per Licensed Driver r=-0.020 Negligible Correlation p=0.891
Insurance-related Infractions x Fatalities per Licensed Driver r=0.254 Negligible Correlation p=0.075
Passing Violations x Fatalities per Licensed Driver r=-0.417 Moderate Negative Correlation p=0.003
Conclusion: Limitations and Avenues for Future Research
While Insurify’s study of nationwide figures on policing and traffic safety found no notable correlations between the ratio of law enforcement officers to drivers, the rate at which drivers are convicted of moving violations, and the number of annual motor vehicle fatalities, this is just a preliminary analysis. With the intent to initiate wider conversations about the outcomes of policing on our roads as well as in our cities, we acknowledge the need for additional research on this subject matter. Here is a sample of the limits inherent in this study as well as future research directions that could clarify the relationship between officers, the laws they enforce, and public safety.
This is not a longitudinal study. This analysis does not examine the impact police have on the number of drivers charged with traffic incidents nor the number of lives lost on the road over time. A longitudinal study, especially one conducted over a more local scale, may identify that a higher density of police translates either to fewer traffic incidents through deterrence or to higher citation rates due to heavier enforcement. Conversely, a study that sampled these figures over time and still found no relationship would bolster the preliminary conclusions of this examination.
Not all officers police the roads. Law enforcement in the United States is a broad term under which a range of occupations exists. While this study distinguishes between law enforcement officers and police officers to include only police in its statistical analysis, a police officer’s time may not be spent enforcing only traffic laws.
Not all drivers are licensed. Many drivers in the United States do not own a valid license and consequently are not included in the Bureau of Transportation Statistics’ state-by-state count of licensed drivers. Three percent of all drivers in the United States are unlicensed, according to the AAA Foundation for Traffic Safety, but there may be fluctuations in this percentage by state. This would result in a high or low skew of a state’s police officer density, depending on the share of unlicensed drivers in that state.
Traffic outcomes go beyond fatalities. While the number of annual vehicle-related deaths is, without question, one of the most pressing measures of traffic safety, it’s not the only one. This study did not investigate the impact of policing on other relevant outcomes including crash-related injuries and property damage.
[1]Policing The Drunk Driving Problem: A Longitudinal Examination of DUI Enforcement and Alcohol Related Crashes in the U.S. (1985–2015); Effects of enforcement intensity on alcohol impaired driving crashes
[2]The effects of aggressive policing: The Dayton traffic enforcement experiment; Ahlin, E. M., Zador, P. L., R. First-time DWI offenders are at risk of recidivating regardless of sanctions imposed
[3]Red Ink in the Rearview Mirror: Local Fiscal Conditions and the Issuance of Traffic Tickets
Categories: TSM
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AVOIDANCE released debut album
NorthWar 11/01/2020 8:50 11/01/2020 8:50
11/01/2020 8:50 11/01/2020 8:50 0202
Hungarian Melodic Death Metal band Avoidance released their debut album «God of Damnation». The album was recorded at the band’s home studio and mixed/mastered by James Narko. God of Damnation...
Avoidance Interview
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React Native Apps
Hardware Prototyping
Kwix Global
24 FebruaryAnalysisFinance
Finding Hidden Value in a Company’s Investors
Cybercrime is a threat to all the organizations, but when we take in consideration the financial market the level of menace increases exponentially. Today banks and other financial organizations face the need of providing the bestincreases exponentially. Today banks and other financial organizations face the need of providing the best possible services in the best possible way and reachable by everyone everywhere. We are watching to a spread of different products and services being available through the use.
By 2030—little more than a decade from now—the global economy will likely be in the midst of a major transformation. Companies and investors grapple with changing conditions constantly, but our research points to an unusual level of volatility in the decades ahead. To understand why, we look at the three major forces that will shape the 2020s: demographics, automation and inequality. These forces are already in motion and set to collide.
The New Rules for Marketing Your Brand
Consumer products marketing has experienced a profound change over the last 5 to 10 years, from a world dominated by large global brands and established TV and big-box retail models to a world that’s quickly much more complex, with a proliferation of brands, channels and marketing tools. Technology’s disrupted the industry in three ways. Firstly, it’s disrupted the way consumers engage with brands. In the UK and the US now, over 60% of consumers discover brands.
There are five areas that we encourage CMOs to look at. The first is, what are my future-back platforms that will lead growth for the next 5 to 10 years? Taking today’s profit pools and forecasting them present forward just won’t capture the level of disruption that’s impacting these industries.
“There are no secrets to success. It is the result of preparation, hard work, and learning failure.” – OLIVER SANDERO
Secondly, given those growth platforms, what is the brand portfolio, business portfolio that I’ll use to address them? Brand portfolio strategy is definitely rising in importance. And thirdly, when I’m clear on those platforms and those brands, how am I going to implement modern marketing to engage with the consumer? We’re seeing an extreme rise in profitable growth from the clients that we’re supporting to reset their marketing model. But that isn’t straightforward. So actually, areas four and five are enablers. Four, what’s the data and technology strategy and the roadmap to implement that? The leaders are owning their own data, refreshing it constantly and, more importantly, using it to inform the business decisions. And they’re making the technology that underpins that a priority.
Analysis Counsalting Finance
Customers Know What They Want
For the Wealthy, Work Is the New Retirement
24 FebruaryAnalysisBusiness
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Deadlines for the Option to Renew a Lease in NSW
< Back to Property and Leasing
Are you a tenant wanting to exercise an option to renew a lease? This article unpacks what you should do to ensure you do not miss out on exercising the option. It provides a cautionary tale by way of the recent Supreme Court of NSW case, Piazza Trevi v Cromewell BT Pty Ltd [2017] NSWSC 794.
The Tenant Did Not Exercise Their Option to Renew a Lease
The tenant did not exercise their option to renew their retail lease within the time specified in the lease.
The lease included an option to renew for a further five-year term. This came with the condition that the tenant exercised this option by 31 August 2016.
However, after the tenant signed the lease, the landlord issued a disclosure statement which, contrary to the lease, stated the option exercise window ended on 30 September 2016.
The tenant was trying to sell their business in August 2016. The landlord noted that the tenant could still exercise the option to renew by 31 August 2016 should negotiations fail. However, the tenant did not exercise the option to renew by this date.
The tenant argued that the disclosure document stating the alternate time to renew had extended the deadline.
The Court Found in Favour of the Landlord
The court found in favour of the landlord and held:
the lease contained an entire agreement clause (a clause which states that the lease document was meant to be the full agreement and hence not affected by any discussions);
the purpose of the disclosure statement is to ensure informed consent by both parties under the Retail Leases Act; and
that the disclosure statement itself was not binding.
Additionally, the court stated that the disclosure statement should be given to the tenant seven days before executing the lease. This was not done in this case, but it did not affect the landlord’s position.
Effect of Judgment in New South Wales
This case shows that you can exercise your option to renew a lease as long as you comply with the option clause in the lease. Typically, this would include ensuring that you give the landlord notice that you are exercising the option:
within the option exercise window;
in the correct form using clear language; and
in accordance with the strict conditions under the lease.
The court ruled that the landlord informing the tenant about their option to renew deadline did not result in waiving the contractual right to renew. The existence of an option to renew does not give the tenant a proprietary interest in the land.
The tenant’s failure in exercising the option to renew could not be remedied by the court as they had no proprietary interest and the option exercise window had passed.
What You Should Do if You Might Want to Renew a Lease
This case can be applied to practical situations where either the landlord or tenant are nearing the end of the lease term with an option to renew. For example, a cafe owner is occupying premises under a lease which has an option to renew. They are thinking about selling their cafe, but they are not sure what they should do. The cafe owner speaks with their landlord, who tells them that if the sale falls through before a certain date, they can still exercise your option to renew.
After a little while, the cafe owner found a potential buyer and is hopeful that the sale will pull through, but the date to exercise their option is coming up quickly. The negotiations with the purchaser indicate that they are hoping to sign the sale documents after the option to renew expires.
The cafe owner has two main options. First, they can exercise their option to renew in the form set out in their lease agreement. Alternatively, the cafe owner could wait and hope that the sale of their cafe doesn’t fall through, as by this time they would have forfeited their lease.
Here, the cafe owner would have forfeited their lease even though the landlord said they could still renew. Although the landlord could still grant them a new lease, they would be under no obligation to. The cafe owner would technically have forfeited the lease.
If your option to renew a lease is coming up and you are unsure of what to do or how to do it, speak with your leasing lawyer, who can review your lease and any other relevant information and advise you on your position and next steps to take.
If you need further advice on renewing your commercial lease, call LegalVision’s leasing lawyers on 1300 544 755 or fill out the form on this page.
About Evangelia Douventzidis
(Read all articles by Evangelia)
Evangelia has experience in leasing, business sale and purchase enquiries and media law. Evangelia previously completed placements at a large taxation firm and a State regulatory body to understand the commercial obligations of business owners and directors.
Read other articles by Evangelia
Will Exercising an Option to Renew a Lease Affect My Rent?
Checklist For Entering Into a Retail Lease
Checklist For Entering Into a Commercial Lease
tenant in retail lease
Renewal of Lease
Lease Renewal: Options if the Landlord Proposes Changes
What are the Key Terms in a Disclosure Statement?
My Lease Has Expired. Can I Stay on the Property?
I Am a Retail Tenant. What Are My Landlord's Disclosure Obligations?
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INEC Rules Out Registration Of New Voters In Ondo Ahead Of Governorship Election
The Independent National Electoral Commission in the state has announced the suspension of the Continuous Voters Registration exercise ahead of the October 10 governorship election in the state.
Mr Rufus Akeju, Resident Electoral Commissioner in the state, who made the disclosure in Akure, the state capital, on Wednesday said that the commission will not distribute any Permanent Voter Card or carry out any transfer of voters registration or replacement of lost cards.
According to him, the development was due to the COVID-19 pandemic in the country.
Akeju added that the commission was already mapping out ways of mitigating the challenges posed by the virus ahead of the governorship election.
He noted that out of the 1,822,346 registered voters in the state, 1,478,460 have so far collected their PVCs while 372,888 are yet to be collected.
Akeju added that all participating political parties must between July 2 and June 25 conduct their primaries to pick candidates for the election.
The REC however, hinted that the date for the commencement of campaigns for the election remained July 13, 2020.
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Home › Fast Action Battles: Golan '73
Fast Action Battles: Golan '73
Michael Gustavsson teams up with Fast Action Battles (FAB) series designer Rick Young to jointly bring you volume III in the FAB game series. These two designers take you to the Golan Heights on October 6, 1973, where during the holiday of Yom Kippur, the silence on the Heights was disrupted by the thunder of tanks, guns, and aircraft when a Syrian assault was launched. The Syrian operation, code-named as Badr, was aimed to retake the Israeli-occupied Golan Heights, which the Syrians lost in the 1967 Six-day war.
In Golan '73, you will command highly mechanized forces and maneuver them acrossthe rocky terrain of the Golan Heights. You will find new asset types to aid your cause such as SAM’s, mortars, and anti-tank guns. Battle specific events include Operation Dugman 5, Strategic Reserve Releases, the GHQ Air Raid, Lt. Zvicka Greengold, Electronic warfare, the Syrian Frog-7 missile strike and more. New terrain features in Golan '73 include escarpment, wadi, and the anti-tank ditch, known as the purple line. Helicopter-borne air-assaults and special rules for the first night are included to add more historical flavor from this important campaign.
The Israelis start with few units but gain strength as reinforcements arrive, but will there be enough and will they get there in time? The Syrian player starts with a very strong force, but must attack at the right places and rely on rapid breakthrough across the Golan Heights in order to seize the objectives. Time is against the Syrians, with not only the Israeli reserves arriving, but also as the SAM barrier gets reduced and the effectiveness of the Israeli Air Force grows. The Syrians must strike hard and fast, then fight to hold on to their gains.
Both players have a degree of variable setup that allows enhanced replay value, but still keeps the historical flavor. A historical setup is also provided for those that wish to more closely follow history.
In Golan '73, the FAB series meets modern warfare and now YOU are in command to fight one of the greatest tank battles ever fought.
ASL Starter Kit #4 - Pacific Theater of Operations
Pendragon: The Fall of Roman Britain (COIN series)
Target For Today
ASL Journal 12
ASL Starter Kit #1 (2019 improved reprint)
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Lower Greenville Neighborhood Association
Promoting quality of life.
March 20, 2013 by pgampper
Italian Cellist in Concert
St. Andrew’s Presbyterian Church presents the solo cello recital of Italian
cellist Francesco Mastromatteo on April 1, 2013 beginning at 6:30 p.m. in
the sanctuary at 3204 Skillman at Monticello. The concert is titled:
“Narrating the Cello: Musical Stories of the Low Instruments.” The solo
concert will include a performance of Gaspar Cassado’s Cello Suite and
Benjamin Britten’s Suite No. 1, Opus 72. Mr. Mastromatteo will perform the
music and provide a narration of the story behind the compositions.
Mr. Mastromatteo has been performing throughout Europe since his graduation
from the University of Texas at Austin Butler School of Music in May 2012.
He received a Doctor of Music Arts degree in cello performance from
UT-Austin. Mr. Mastromatteo was the Resident Cellist at St. Andrew’s
Presbyterian Church and artistic director of Spring of Harmony concert
series from 2007-2011. Mr. Mastromatteo also has served as artistic director
for festivals and concert series for Associazione Amici della Musica “G.
Paisiello” in Lucera, Italy and Classical Music for the World, a non-profit
in Austin, TX.
“We are excited to have Francesco return and fill our sanctuary again with
his beautiful music and artistry,” said Suzanne Anderson, Music Director of
St. Andrew’s Presbyterian Church. “It’s a joy to welcome him back to Dallas
for this visit.” Mr. Mastromatteo also will join the St. Andrew’s chancel
choir and tenor John Campione to lead Easter worship, beginning at 10:45
a.m. on Sunday, March 31, 2013.
There is no admission charge for the concert, although a free will offering
will be taken to assist with travel and production costs. For more
information, call 214 821-9989 or standrewsdallas.org.
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Institute for Theology, Imagination and the Arts
Other Activities and Events
Recent and forthcoming publications by ITIA staff
‘Music, theology and religious experience,’ International Journal for the Study of the Christian Church 20.1 (2020): 4-7.
‘Extravagance defended,’ International Journal for the Study of the Christian Church 20.1 (2020): 63-78.
The Extravagance of Music, co-authored with Gavin Hopps, Cham: Palgrave Macmillan, 2018 (978-3-319-91817-4 and e-book: 91818-1). Foreword by Frank Burch Brown (pp.v-xvii).
‘Glory and beauty in the world and in God: a critique of Hans Urs von Balthasar,’ International Journal for the Study of the Christian Church, vol. 18, no. 2-3 (2018 special issue, ‘Reflecting a Catholic Mind’ in memory of Bishop Geoffrey Rowell), 173-186.
‘The Moving Text: A Reply,’ in Garrick V. Allen, Christopher R. Brewer, and Dennnis F. Kinlaw III, eds., The Moving Text: Interdisciplinary Perspectives on David Brown and the Bible, London: SCM, 2018 (978-0-334-05526-6), 207-230.
‘Appendix: the Moving Text in the Life of the Church,’ four sermons by David Brown published in the above volume, 234-247.
‘The Sacramental in Modern European Thought,’ in N. Adams, G. Pattison & G. Ward ed., The Oxford Handbook of Theology and Modern European Thought, Oxford University Press, 2013 (978-0-19-960199-8), 593-610.
‘Human Sacrifice and Two Imaginative Worlds: Aztec and Christian: Finding God in Evil,’ in Julia Meszaros & Johannes Zachhuber eds., Sacrifice and Modern Thought, Oxford University Press, 2013 (978-0-19-965928-9), 180-96.
‘The Oratorio in 19th Century Britain,’ in M.V. Clarke ed., Music and Theology in Nineteenth Century Britain, Ashgate, 2012 (978-4094-0989-2), 181-95.
‘The Darkness and Light are Both Alike to Thee: Light as Symbol and its Transformations,’ in G. O’Collins & M.A. Meyers ed., Light from Light: Scientists and Theologians in Dialogue, Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 2012 (978-0-8028-6667-7), 160-82.
‘Architecture,’ in C. Taliaferro, V.S. Harrison & S. Goetz ed., Routledge Companion to Theism, Routledge, 2012 (978-0-415-88164-7), 55-63.
‘Experience, Symbol and Revelation: Continuing the Conversation’ in R. MacSwain & T. Worley ed., Theology, Aesthetics and Culture: Responses to the Work of David Brown, Oxford University Press, 2012 (978-0-19-964682-1), 265-96. [Concluding comments from Brown on twenty scholars’ responses to the five volumes he published with OUP on theology and the imagination between 1999 and 2008: Tradition and Imagination (1999); Discipleship and Imagination (2000); God and Enchantment of Place (2004); God and Grace of Body (2007); God and Mystery in Words (2008).]
GAVIN HOPPS
‘Negative capability and religious experience,’ International Journal for the Study of the Christian Church 20.1 (2020): 79-94.
The Extravagance of Music, co-authored with David Brown, Cham: Palgrave Macmillan, 2018 (978-3-319-91817-4 and e-book: 91818-1). Foreword by Frank Burch Brown (pp.v-xvii).
‘Pondus Amoris and Agapic Levity: Re-evaluating the Lightness of Being’, in ed. Christopher R. Brewer, Christian Theology and the Transformation of Natural Religion: Essays in Honour of David Brown (Leuven: Peeters, 2018), 207-234.
Byron’s Ghosts: The Spectral, the Spiritual and the Supernatural, ed. Gavin Hopps (Liverpool University Press, 2013).
‘Gaiety and Grace: Byron and the Tone of Catholicism,’ The Byron Journal, vol. 41, no. 1 (2013).
‘Religion and Ethics: The Necessity of Atheism, A Refutation of Deism, On Christianity,’ in The Oxford Handbook of Shelley Studies, ed. Michael O’Neill and Tony Howe (Oxford University Press, 2013).
Morrissey: The Pageant of His Bleeding Heart, Second Edition (Continuum, 2012).
‘Hoping Against Hope: Morrissey and the Light that never Goes Out,’ in Patterns of Promise: Art, Imagination and Christian Hope, ed. Trevor Hart, Gavin Hopps and Jeremy Begbie (Ashgate, 2012).
‘Infinite Hospitality and the Redemption of Kitsch,’ Theology, Aesthetics, and Culture: Conversations with the Work of David Brown, ed. Robert MacSwain and Taylor Worley (Oxford University Press, 2011).
JUDITH WOLFE
C.S. Lewis and His Circle: Essays & Memoirs from the Oxford C.S. Lewis Society. Edited with Roger White and Brendan Wolfe. New York: Oxford University Press, 2015. [in press]
‘Hermione’s Sophism: Ordinariness and Theatricality in Shakespeare’s Winters Tale,’ in Philosophy & Literature 39, Supplementary Issue, April 2015.
Heidegger and Theology. London: Continuum, 2014.
Heidegger’s Eschatology: Theological Horizons in Martin Heidegger’s Early Thought. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2013.
C.S. Lewis’ Perelandra: Reshaping the Image of the Cosmos. Edited with Brendan Wolfe. Kent: Kent State University Press, 2013.
C.S. Lewis and the Church: Essays in Honour of Walter Hooper. Edited with Brendan Wolfe. London: T&T Clark, 2011.
Judith Wolfe is also founding General Editor of the Journal of Inklings Studies (ISSN 2045-8797, http://inklings-studies.org).
TREVOR HART
In Him Was Life: The Person and Work of Christ (Waco, TX: Baylor University Press, 2019).
Making Good: Creation, Creativity and Artistry (Waco, TX: Baylor University Press, 2014).
[Volume 1 of a 3 volume project Poetics of Redemption. Volume 2 of the set, Transfiguring Flesh: Incarnation, Embodiment and Art, is currently in progress.]
Between the Image and the Word: Theological Engagements with
Imagination, Language and Literature. Farnham: Ashgate, 2013.
‘Complicating Presence: Inter-disciplinary Perspectives on a Theological Question,’ in Göttliche Anwesenheit und Abwesenheit, ed. Nathan MacDonald and Izaak de Hulster (Leuven: Peeters, 2013), 1-22.
Patterns of Promise: Art, Imagination and Christian Hope. Edited with Gavin Hopps and Jeremy B egbie. Farnham: Ashgate, 2012.
‘Who am I? Imagination and the God of Biographia Literaria,’ The Coleridge Bulletin, New Series 38 (Winter 2011), 53-66.
‘Musical Time and Eschatology,’ by Alastair Borthwick, Trevor Hart and Anthony Monti in Resonant Witness, ed. J. Begbie and S. Guthrie (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 2011), 271-294.
Argyll: The Making of a Spiritual Landscape (Edinburgh: St Andrews Press, 2015).
Lost Chords and Christian Soldiers: The Sacred Music of Arthur Sullivan (SPCK Press, 2013).
Water Music: Music Making in the spas of Europe and North America (Oxford University Press, 2010).
Pilgrimage: A Spiritual and Cultural Journey (Lion Hudson, 2009). Translated into Norwegian, Dutch and Arabic.
The Call to Seriousness: The Evangelical Impact on the Victorians (Lion, 2006).
The Daily Telegraph Book of Carols (Continuum, 2006).
You’ve Got to Have a Dream: The Message of the Musical (SCM Press, UK, and Westminster John Knox, USA, 2005).
ANN LOADES
‘Think about Cathedrals: Discover Ecclesiology,’ Modern Believing vol. 61 (3), 2020: 251-258.
Grace and Glory in One Another’s Faces: Preaching and Worship. Introduction by Stephen Burns. Norwich: Canterbury Press, 2020.
Living the Story: The Ignatian Way of Prayer. Edited with Joseph Cassidy. Norwich: Canterbury Press, 2020.
‘A wake-up call?’ Theology vol.123 (2), 2020: 124-128.
‘Evelyn Underhill (1875-1941): Mysticism in Fiction’ in Judith Maltby and Alison Shell (eds.), Anglican Women Novelists (London/New York: T&T Clark/Bloomsbury 2019), pp.73-84, 227-231.
‘More Catholic than Rome; more reformed than Geneva: Joseph P. Cassidy and possibilities for renewal in the Church of England,’ International Journal for the Study of the Christian Church, 19:1 (2018): 1-13.
‘Lazarus without limits: scripture, tradition and the cultural life of a text,’ International Journal for the Study of the Christian Church, vol. 18, no. 2-3 (2018 special issue, ‘Reflecting a Catholic Mind’ in memory of Bishop Geoffrey Rowell), 252-264.
‘Some Straws in the Wind: Reflections towards theological engagement with Theatre Dance’ in Christopher R. Brewer (ed.), Christian Theology and the Transformation of Natural Religion: Essays in Honour of David Brown (Leuven: Peeters 2018), 191-205.
‘L’impatto della Riforma in Inghilterra e Scozia’ in Letizia Tomassone e Adriana Valerio (eds.), Bibbia, donne, profezia. A partire dalla Riforma, Firenze: Nerbini, 2018, 57-69. Italian translation of a paper given at a conference organised by the Coordinamento Teologie Italiane and the Faculta Valdese di Teologia di Roma, 2017.
‘A Priestly Role for Music: Concluding Reflection’ in Michael O’Connor, Hyun-Ah Kim and Christina Labriola (eds.), Music, Theology, and Justice (Lexington Books 2017), 211-216.
‘Difficult Texts: John 11.44,’ Theology 119:5 (2016), 323-326. Being developed into a full-scale essay on ‘Lazarus’ in theology/culture for Int. J. for the Study of the Christian Church collection of essays in honour of Geoffrey Rowell, 2018.
‘Anglican Spirituality’ in M. Chapman, S. Clarke and M.Percy (eds.), The Oxford Handbook of Anglican Studies, OUP, 2015), 149-164.
‘Simone Weil’ in C. Meister and J.Beilby (eds.), The Routledge Companion to Modern Christian Thought (Routledge, 2013), 207-216.
‘Mysticism: The Energetic Love’ in L. Nestrop and S. Podmore (eds.), Exploring Lost Dimensions in Christian Mysticism (Ashgate 2013), 117-129.
‘Dorothy L. Sayers: War and Redemption’ in E. Henderson and D. Hein (eds.), C.S. Lewis and Friends: Faith and the Power of the Imagination (SPCK, 2011), 53-70.
‘Introduction’ in each of the Wipf & Stock republication of The Sacred Plays of Dorothy L. Sayers (2011), 7-20 or equivalent.
‘Elizabeth Cady Standon’s The Woman’s Bible,’ in M. Lieb, E. Mason and J. Roberts (eds.), The Oxford Handbook of the Reception History of the Bible (OUP, 2011), 307-322.
‘Evelyn Underhill (1895-1941): Mysticism and Worship,’ International Journal for the Study of the Christian Church 10:1 (2010), 57-70.
‘Simone Weil: Resistance and Writing,’ International Journal of Public Theology 4:1 (2010), 100-117.
‘Publiciste, in Verita: “teologhe”’ (trans. Antonella Braida), Donna e teologia, ed. Cettina Militello (Bologna: EDB, 2004), 95-115.
PUBLICATIONS BY CURRENT AND FORMER ITIA POSTGRADUATES
Allen, Garrick V., Christopher R. Brewer, and Dennnis F. Kinlaw III, eds. The Moving Text: Interdisciplinary Perspectives on David Brown and the Bible, London: SCM, 2018. (Contributions by various scholars connected with ITIA and the University of St Andrews, including David Brown, Rob MacSwain, Taylor Worley, Bill Hyland and Natasha O’Hear).
Allen, Tim M. Heaven and the Popular Imagination. Pickwick Publications, 2018.
Anderson, Kimberley J. and John Bolland. “Shape-shifting: TheoArtistry Poetry as Theological Action Research.” Open Cultural Studies 3.1 (2019), 47-61.
Bartel, Timothy E.G. The Martyr, The Grizzly, The Gold: Poems. Bronxville, NY: Damascene Press, 2012.
Brewer, Christopher R. Art that Tells the Story. Grand Rapids, MI: Gospel through Shared Experience, 2011.
Brewer, Christopher R., ed. Christian Theology and the Transformation of Natural Religion: From Incarnation to Sacramentality: Essays in Honour of David Brown. Leuven: Peeters, 2018.
Brewer, Christopher R. ‘From apparently Finite to Infinite: Conceptual Art and Natural Theology’ in ed. Christopher R. Brewer, Christian Theology and the Transformation of Natural Religion: Essays in Honour of David Brown. Leuven: Peeters 2018, 173-189.
Root, Howard E., edited by Christopher R. Brewer. Theological Radicalism and Tradition: ‘The Limits of Radicalism’ with Appendices. London and New York: Routledge 2018.
Clark, Tony. Divine Revelation and Human Practice: Responsive and Imaginative Participation. Eugene, OR: Cascade, 2008.
Colledge, Gary L. Dickens, Christianity and ‘The Life of Our Lord’. London: Continuum, 2009.
Colledge, Gary L. God and Charles Dickens: Recovering the Christian Voice of a Classic Author. Grand Rapids, MI: Brazos, 2012.
Edwards, L. Clifton. Creation’s Beauty as Revelation: Toward a Creational Theology of Natural Beauty. Eugene, OR: Pickwick, 2014.
Froehlich, Caleb. “Peter Howson and the Language of Salvation: The Role of the Grotesque in Redemption’s Hades Cycle.” Religion and the Arts 23:1/2 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1163/15685292-02301004.
Froehlich, Caleb, ed. The Song: Poems of Biblical Theophany. Tarland, Aberdeenshire: Tapsalteerie, 2020.
Gabelman, Daniel. George MacDonald: Divine Carelessness and Fairytale Levity. Waco, TX: Baylor University Press, 2013.
Genig, Joshua D. Viva Vox: The Sacramentality of the Word through the Annunciation. Minneapolis: Fortress, 2015.
Goroncy, Jason. Hallowed Be Thy Name: The Sanctification of All in the Soteriology of P.T. Forsyth. London: T&T Clark, 2013.
Goroncy, Jason. ‘Descending on Humanity and Intervening in History’: Notes from the Pulpit Ministry of P.T. Forsyth. Eugene, OR: Pickwick, 2013.
Goroncy, Jason. Tikkun Olam – To Mend the World: A Confluence of Theology and the Arts. Eugene, OR: Pickwick, 2014.
Begbie, Jeremy S. and Steven R. Guthrie, eds. Resonant Witness: Conversations Between Music and Theology. Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 2011.
Guthrie, Steven R. Creator Spirit: The Holy Spirit and the Art of Becoming Human. Grand Rapids, MI: Baker Academic, 2011.
Hart, Trevor A. and Steven R. Guthrie, eds. Faithful Performances: Enacting Christian Tradition. Aldershot: Ashgate, 2007.
Jebb, Sharon. Writing God and the Self: Samuel Beckett and C.S. Lewis. Eugene, OR: Pickwick Publications, 2011.
Jenson, Matt. The Gravity of Sin: Augustine, Luther, and Barth on ‘homo incurvatus in se’. London: T&T Clark, 2007.
Johnson, Kristen Deede. Theology, Political Theory, and Pluralism: Beyond Tolerance and Difference. London: Cambridge University Press, 2010.
Johnson, Trygve David. The Preacher as Liturgical Artist: Metaphor, Identity, and the Vicarious Humanity of Christ. Cascade Books, 2014.
Hart, Trevor A. and Ivan Kovacs, eds. Tree of Tales: Tolkien, Literature and Theology. Waco, TX: Baylor University Press, 2007.
Kanitz, Lori. A Literary Shema. Annie Dillard’s Judeo-Christian Vision and Voice. Eugene, Oregon: Pickwick Publications, 2020.
Karlowicz, Tobias A. ‘Anglo-Catholics and the Ordination of Women: Some Unanswered Questions.’ Ecclesiology 16 (2020): 13-33.
Kreglinger, Gisela H. Storied Revelations: Parables, Imagination, and George MacDonald’s Christian Fiction. Eugene, OR: Pickwick, 2013.
Kreglinger, Gisela H. The Spirituality of Wine. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 2016.
Loades, Ann and Robert MacSwain, eds. The Truth Seeking Heart: Austin Farrer and His Writings. Norwich: Canterbury Press, 2006.
MacSwain, Robert and Michael Ward, eds. The Cambridge Companion to C.S. Lewis. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2010.
MacSwain, Robert and Taylor Worley, eds. Theology, Aesthetics, and Culture: Responses to the Work of David Brown. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2012.
MacSwain, Robert. ‘The Tradition of Reason: David Brown, Joseph Butler, and Divine Hiddenness,’ in ed. Christopher R. Brewer, Christian Theology and the Transformation of Natural Religion: Essays in Honour of David Brown. Leuven: Peeters 2018, 21-35.
MacSwain, Robert. Solved by Sacrifice: Austin Farrer, Fideism, and the Evidence of Faith, Studies in Philosophical Theology, 51. Leuven: Peeters, 2013.
MacSwain, Robert, ed. Scripture, Metaphysics, and Poetry: Austin Farrer’s The Glass of Vision With Critical Commentary. Ashgate, 2013.
Maynard, Joel. “TheoArtistry: collaborations with Sir James MacMillan and Michael Symmons Roberts,” Theology 2019: 122 (2), 100-107.
McCullough, James. Sense and Spirituality: The Relationship Between the Arts and Spiritual Formation. Eugene, OR: Cascade, 2015.
McKerron, Margaret F. “TheoArtistry: practical perspectives pm ‘theologically informed art.” International Journal for the Study of the Christian Church, 18:4 (2019) 354-368.
MacLachian, Christopher, John Patrick Pazdziora and Ginger Stelle, eds. Rethinking George MacDonald: Contexts and Contemporaries. Glasgow: Scottish Literature International, 2013.
Pazdziora, John Patrick and Micah Snell. Ravenclaw Reader: Seeking the Meaning and Artistry of J. K. Rowling’s Hogwarts Saga. Oklahoma City, OK: Unlocking Press, 2015.
Pazdziora, John Patrick and Defne Çizakça, eds. New Fairy Tales: Essays and Stories. Unlocking Press, 2013.
Tallon, Phillip. The Poetics of Evil: Toward an Aesthetic Theodicy. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2011.
Tallon, Phillip and David Baggett, eds. The Philosophy of Sherlock Holmes. Lexington, KY: University Press of Kentucky, 2012.
Kapic, Kelly M. and Wesley Vander Lugt. Pocket Dictionary of the Reformed Tradition. Downers Grove: InterVarsity, 2013.
Vander Lugt, Wesley. Living Theodrama: Reimagining Theological Ethics. Aldershot: Ashgate, 2014.
Vander Lugt, Wesley and Trevor Hart, eds. Theatrical Theology: Explorations in Performing the Faith. Eugene, OR: Cascade, 2014.
Quash, Ben and Michael Ward, eds. Heresies and How to Avoid Them: Why It Matters What Christians Believe. Grand Rapids, MI: Baker Academic, 2007.
Ward, Michael. Planet Narnia: The Seven Heavens in the Imagination of C.S. Lewis. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2008.
Ward, Michael. The Narnian Code: C.S. Lewis and the Secret of the Seven Heavens. Carol Stream, IL: Tyndale House, 2010.
Watkins, Jim. Creativity as Sacrifice: Toward a Theological Model for Human Creativity in the Arts. Minneapolis: Fortress, 2015.
Worley, Taylor. Memento Mori in Contemporary Art: Theologies of Lament and Hope. Routledge, 2020.
Wrigley-Carr, Robyn. The Spiritual Formation of Evelyn Underhill. London: SPCK, 2020.
Yancey, Preston. Tables in the Wilderness: A Memoir of God Found, Lost, and Found Again. Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 2014.
Yancey, Preston. Out of the House of Bread. Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 2016.
School of Divinity
St Mary's College
KY16 9JU
Fife, Scotland, UK
Phone:+44 (0)1334 462850
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SBU Open Access Policy
Home » Scholarly Communication » Open Access » Open Access Resources
Stony Brook University Libraries has compiled a list of Open Access resources to supplement its database collection. These options offer ways to access openly available materials.
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Introduction to Copyright
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Lawmaker who attends Tony Spell’s church pushes bill through House that favors the defiant pastor
Life Tabernacle Church repeatedly held services during height of pandemic
Wesley Muller
In this file photo from April 12, Buses of congregants arrive at the Life Tabernacle Church before Easter church services in Central, Louisiana. Pastor Tony Spell was holding in-person services despite Louisiana Gov. John Bel Edwards' ban on gatherings of 50 or more people. (Photo by Chris Graythen/Getty Images)
Louisiana House lawmakers on Tuesday passed a bill that was originally crafted to support a Louisiana church pastor who dared authorities to arrest him when he publicly and repeatedly violated the state’s COVID-19 restrictions; however, legislators amended the bill by replacing virtually all of the text with new language that would prevent an emergency public health order from impeding on the right of religious assembly.
In a 66-23 vote, the House passed House Bill 9, introduced by Rep. Danny McCormick, R-Oil City. The bill seeks to “clarify” the legislative intent of the existing statutes on emergency powers, stating that the emergency powers “were not intended to violate the religious liberty guaranteed in Article I, Section 8 of the Constitution of Louisiana and the First Amendment of the Constitution of the United States of America.”
The new language is different from what was in McCormick’s original bill, though it may still provide the pastor with some reprieve from the law. McCormick, who sometimes attends Rev. Tony Spell’s Life Tabernacle Church in East Baton Rouge Parish, initially authored the bill to retroactively give the controversial Pentecostal pastor immunity from the criminal charges he faces as a result of his repeated and infamous violations of the state’s coronavirus restrictions. It also would have given Spell, and pastors in general, immunity from any lawsuits filed against him.
Spell made headlines around the country after he refused to obey Gov. John Bel Edwards’ stay-at-home order in March at the height of the pandemic. The self-proclaimed prophet, who claimed the governor dislikes him because he turns Democrats into Republicans, repeatedly held indoor services with crowds in the hundreds, giving numerous media interviews and openly scoffing at the governor’s order. He also made light of the seriousness of the pandemic, despite one of his congregants reportedly dying from the virus.
Spell was eventually given summonses for six misdemeanor offenses for allegations that he violated a cap on in-person gatherings of 10 people. Edwards put the restriction in place for several weeks in order to try to contain the state’s initial COVID-19 outbreak. Now, that restriction is mostly lifted, and religious gatherings have been taking place across the state for months.
While trying to garner publicity for ignoring COVID-19 protocol, Spell was then arrested and charged with assault for driving a bus toward a man protesting his church. A state judge ordered the pastor to wear an ankle monitor, stay in his house and refrain from church services as conditions of his bail for this charge, according to the Advocate.
At a House criminal justice committee hearing last week, Spell and several members of his church testified in favor of the bill that would benefit him. While speaking, the pastor often conflated his arrest for driving a bus toward a protestor with his other misdemeanor charges for violating the governor’s health order — which did not result in arrests.
During floor debate on Tuesday, the most controversial part of the original bill — making it retroactive to March 11 — was replaced with an amendment by Rep. Alan Seabaugh, R-Shreveport, who said several lawmakers had problems with the retroactivity. Seabaugh’s amendment revamped the language in its entirety and transformed it from a bill that would make a new law to a bill that clarifies existing law. Nevertheless, the amendment failed to fully remove the retroactivity for any charges “pending on” the bill’s effective date. That sentence reads:
“The provisions of this Act are interpretive as provided by Civil Code Article 6 and are therefore remedial in nature and shall apply to all actions, charges, or claims pending on or filed after the effective date of this Act.”
The new bill does not appear to have any effect on social distancing restrictions and face-mask mandates, which Spell also refused to obey. In September, Spell missed a court hearing in his case because he refused to wear a mask inside the courthouse as required, claiming it infringed on his religious liberty, according to the Advocate.
HB 9 will go to the Louisiana Senate for consideration before heading to the governor for his final approval or veto.
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Wes Muller traces his journalism roots back to 1997 when, at age 13, he built and launched a hyper-local news website for his New Orleans neighborhood. In the following 22 years since then, he has worked as a journalist for the Times-Picayune in New Orleans, the Sun Herald in Biloxi, WAFB-9News CBS in Baton Rouge, and the Enterprise-Journal in McComb, Mississippi. Much of his work has involved reporting on First Amendment issues and watchdog coverage of municipal and state government. He has received several honors and recognitions, including McClatchy's National President's Award, the Associated Press Freedom of Information Award, and the Daniel M. Phillips Freedom of Information Award from the Mississippi Press Association, among others. Muller is a New Orleans native, a Jesuit High School alumnus, a University of New Orleans alumnus, a veteran U.S. Army paratrooper, and an adjunct English teacher at Baton Rouge Community College. He lives in Ponchatoula, Louisiana, with his teenage son and his wife, who is also a journalist.
Biden rolls out $1.9 trillion emergency package to battle pandemic and economic crises
With COVID-19 the worst it’s been, Louisiana’s college students return to campus
Election 2020 January 15, 2021
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by Wesley Muller, Louisiana Illuminator
<h1>Lawmaker who attends Tony Spell’s church pushes bill through House that favors the defiant pastor</h1> <p class="byline">by Wesley Muller, <a href="https://lailluminator.com">Louisiana Illuminator</a> <br />October 14, 2020</p>
Louisiana Illuminator is part of States Newsroom, a network of news outlets supported by grants and a coalition of donors as a 501c(3) public charity. Louisiana Illuminator maintains editorial independence. Contact Editor Jarvis DeBerry for questions: info@lailluminator.com. Follow Louisiana Illuminator on Facebook and Twitter.
Louisiana’s GOP lawmakers now support COVID-19 accommodations for upcoming elections
COVID-19 January 6, 2021
Federal judge: Ongoing pandemic means Louisiana must use emergency election plan...
COVID-19 September 16, 2020
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Lakers Outsiders
Blog It Into Existence
The Dennis Schröder and Montrezl Harrell pick-and-roll
by Donny McHenry
(Image designed by Dillon Hiser)
Ahead of last season’s tip-off, many pointed to the lack of overall shot creation within the Lakers’ offense and wondered if their half-court offense would cause them to not be one of the top teams in the Western Conference. People weren’t really wrong, but they also overlooked how disruptive the Lakers defense would be, anchored by Anthony Davis and led by the defensive-minded Frank Vogel. Still, Rob Pelinka and the Lakers wanted to improve shot creation this offseason (outside of LeBron James), although the Lakers didn’t necessarily need it to win a championship. As a result, Dennis Schröder was the first player attained by the Lakers in this offseason. The Lakers hope that he can provide the scoring punch at the point-guard position that Rajon Rondo, Avery Bradley, and Alex Caruso weren’t able to provide, and to help, they gave him a great pick-and-roll partner in addition to Davis in Montrezl Harrell.
It remains to be seen what the Lakers’ starting lineup will be, as Vogel can go many different ways with it. For the purposes of this editorial, we will assume that the Sixth Man of the Year finalists will come off the bench with a starting lineup of KCP/Matthews/LeBron/AD/Gasol. Either way, Schröder and Harrell will get a large share of minutes and may even eclipse some of the starters as the two did for their respective teams last year.
So how scared should opposing coaches be when they put in their bench lineup and see Schröder and Harrell standing up to come in against them?
Let’s just start with “very scared”.
Love his handles pic.twitter.com/Ib3shnYHSj
— Laker Film Room (@LakerFilmRoom) November 27, 2020
There’s no question that Dennis Schröder and Montrezl Harrell can both hurt the defenses when matched up one-on-one with their defenders. The two ranked in the 81st and 84th percentile last year in regards to Points-per-Possession when in Isolation (Harrell’s ability evidenced in Pete Zayas’ video above). However, with spot-up shooters and potential cutters surrounding them like Kyle Kuzma, Alex Caruso, and Markieff Morris, the duo’s ultimate potential on the offensive end may be unlocked through numerous pick-and-rolls.
Lakers fans already know how devastating a pick-and-roll can be with Anthony Davis as the pick-setter. It may surprise them to know that not only did Montrezl Harrell perform more pick-and-rolls overall, but he performed better in them than Davis did, even with the ball-handler usually being LeBron James in Davis’ case. Below is a comparison of the two players’ statistics as the roll man in pick-and-rolls last season.
Anthony Davis: 1.28 points-per-possession, 3.0 possessions per game (12.7% frequency), 64.3% effective field-goal, 77th percentile
Montrezl Harrell: 1.31 points-per-possession, 2.9 possessions per game (17.3% frequency), 69.7% effective field-goal, 81st percentile
Harrell accumulated these statistics as a part of the Clippers dynamic bench duo that also included Lou Williams. Williams and Harrell’s pick-and-rolls were brutal for opposing bench defenses to cover and were much of the reason for Williams winning Sixth Man of the Year twice with Harrell winning it last year. LeBron James should prove to be an even better partner for Harrell when Davis is off the floor, but those types of LeBron-on-Davis-off lineups were hardly seen last year. Getting back to the prospect of our bench lineup, how did Dennis Schröder fare as the ball handler in pick-and-rolls last year?
DENVER, COLORADO – DECEMBER 14: Dennis Schroder #17 of the Oklahoma City Thunder brings the ball down the court against the Denver Nuggets at Pepsi Center on December 14, 2019 in Denver, Colorado. NOTE TO USER: User expressly acknowledges and agrees that, by downloading and or using this photograph, User is consenting to the terms and conditions of the Getty Images License Agreement. (Photo by Matthew Stockman/Getty Images)
Looking at the statistics, the pick-and-roll wasn’t so much a factor for Schröder finishing second in Sixth Man of the Year voting last year. He was in the 51st percentile last season as the ball-handler in pick-and-rolls, as he seems to not be the match for Harrell in pick-and-rolls as initially suspected.
However, his situation on the Oklahoma City Thunder has to be taken into consideration. Schröder was running pick-and-rolls with Nerlens Noel and Steven Adams, two players that just don’t stack up to the athleticism and skill owned by players like Anthony Davis and Montrezl Harrell. Before ending up on the Thunder, Schröder was rising up the ranks with the Atlanta Hawks where he had somewhat better talent on the roll man in John Collins and Ersan Ilyasova.
In his final season with the Hawks (2017-18), he was a little better as the PnR ball-handler in the 68th percentile with 0.88 points-per-possession on 10.9 possessions per game. He made 46% of his field goals attempted out of the PnR that year, with those efficiencies expected to increase with Harrell as his roll man as his current talent level definitely exceeds all of the aforementioned Hawks and Thunder big men.
The best part about the potential of the Schröder and Harrell combination is how interchangeable the parts are within the lineups they’ll be a part of. Alex Caruso in Schröder’s spot would open some opportunities for Caruso to kick it to a wide-open Schröder behind the arc. Schröder hasn’t been an amazing three-point shooter in his career, but he had his best year by far last season shooting 38.5% from three. In addition, Anthony Davis could be Schröder’s roll man in some lineups as stated above, while Kentavious Caldwell-Pope showed some brief flashes as a pick-and-roll ball-handler last season with Dwight Howard as his roll man. Harrell could easily replace Howard in those actions, and would do so much more efficiently.
There’s definitely some validity to the worries of what Dennis Schröder and Montrezl Harrell will do to the Lakers’ defense, but any sort of shortcomings on that end will almost assuredly be covered by the upgrade on the offensive end those two will be. Their pick-and-rolls may become as beloved by Lakers fans as LeBron-Davis pick-and-rolls, especially considering the fact that Schröder and Harrell may have more success than the Lakers’ two superstars as a result of them going against inferior bench lineups.
Posted in EditorialsTagged Dennis Schroder, Los Angeles Lakers, Montrezl Harrell
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Women Make Film: A New Road Movie Through Cinema (2018)
TV-14 | 840 min | Documentary
A documentary that spans 13 decades and five continents to give a guided tour of the art and craft of movies as told by female filmmakers.
(voice)
Adjoa Andoh
10 February 2020 | PeterMH
| Doctoral Thesis Filmmaking
An exciting premise for a documentary, the discovery of long forgotten women filmmakers starting with Alice Guy-Blache up through Nell Shipman onward to Wendy Toye and dozens of other international directors unknown inside and outside of their own countries today. The downside is the filmmaker approaches the subject matter as if he has to pad out a doctoral thesis by hammering multiple square pegs into round holes to make a point. The inclusion of a number of over-rated current women filmmakers lessens the strength of this film.
Best way to watch this film is to pre-record it and pause when you discover a filmmaker you want to deep dive into. The filmmaker has put screen grabs up on his websiteso you can find the films that are of interest. The downside is most of the films, if they're even on IMDb do not have current rights holders listed. Hopefully Cohen Media Group, The Criterion Collection, Turner Classic Movies and Kanopy who have teamed up to release this documentary across multiple platforms in the US will also track down the rights holders and release many of the films referenced.
The 14 hour film ends at the grave of Alice Guy Blaché in Maryrest Cemetery, Mahwah, Bergen County, New Jersey, USA.
Mahwah, New Jersey, USA
‘Another Round’ Wins Big at European Film Awards
12 December 2020 | ScreenDaily
‘Another Round’ wins four European Film Awards including best film
‘Another Round’ Wins Top Prize at European Film Awards
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WORLD SHOWBIZ
London Glossy
Home NEWS EUROPE Madrid begins partial virus lockdown amid political battle
Madrid begins partial virus lockdown amid political battle
Madrid is tackling its first day under a partial lockdown, with police controlling travel in and out of the Spanish capital that has become Europe’s biggest hot spot for the second wave of coronavirus.
The two-week ban imposed by Spain’s national government on reluctant regional officials started on Friday night at 10pm.
The measures prohibit all non-essential trips in and out of the capital and nine of its suburbs — affecting around 4.8 million people.
Police mount a checkpoint on the outskirts of Madrid
Restaurants must close at 11pm and shops at 10pm, and reduce occupancy to 50% of capacity.
Spain’s Socialist prime minister Pedro Sanchez said the steps are “critical” to stop a surging caseload and prevent a repeat of the scenes of March and April that saw hospitals overrun with dying patients.
Even though the measures are light compared with the home confinement mandated across Spain during the first wave of the virus, they have sparked a ferocious political battle between Mr Sanchez’s left-wing coalition government and the Madrid administration, run by a right-wing rival.
The Madrid government, led by Isabel Diaz Ayuso of the conservative Popular Party, said it would enforce the orders but it has filed an appeal at the National Court in hopes of annulling them.
Ms Ayuso and her regional ministers have said the restrictions will cause “chaos”, damage an already weakened economy and violate their jurisdiction as regional authorities.
Health experts have been urging Madrid to take stronger action for weeks, but the city’s health chief Enrique Ruiz Escudero argues the measures are not necessary.
The health ministry ordered compliance after Madrid refused to accept a set of health metrics to dictate when cities with populations of 100,000 of more need to adopt heavier restrictions to curb the virus.
The measures were approved by a majority of regional health authorities from Spain’s 19 regions and autonomous cities, with Madrid in the minority against them.
The government orders only allow people to cross municipal borders to commute for work, for a medical appointment, legal errands or appointments with a governmental administration.
The region had already applied similar measures to certain areas, and limited social gatherings to a maximum of six people, but infections kept rising.
Madrid is leading the resurgence of the virus in Spain, which has Europe’s highest cumulative caseload — 770,000 since the onset of the pandemic.
The capital had a two-week infection rate of 695 cases per 100,000 residents on Thursday, more than twice the national average of 274 and seven times the European average, which stood at 94 last week, according to the European Centre for Disease Control and Prevention.
More than 32,000 people have died from the virus in Spain, according to the health ministry.
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5 Editor’s Stock Picks for 2021
Understanding The Tier System of Restrictions in England
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Return to: Columbia Records Overview
Skip to: Columbia Matrix Codes
THE LJC COLUMBIA LABEL CHEAT SHEET
Last Update: December 17, 2020 – Added Columbia pressing plant identifiers
1. Columbia: The Early Years pre-1956
1.1 Black Columbia “Magic Notes” logo
Down at the 6 o’clock position above the circled “LP” is the “Magic Notes” symbol, a black beamed semi-quaver reversed out on a white circle, which was the registered trademark of Columbia.
(Photo courtesy of Joe L)
1.2 Red Columbia /Gold print “Magic Notes” logo (1954)
(The Magic Notes symbol was licensed for use in the UK to EMI, hence the invention in the early ’60s of the CBS label to release Columbia recordings in Europe)
Promo (1955)
Photo courtesy of Jay C
Commercial release:
2. Columbia US (1956-61)
2.1 Columbia six eye promo, mono and stereo, and Retailer
Retailer promo of forthcoming releases – record store ephemera c.1955
Formal promo labels for mono and stereo, below circa 1959
(examples from Ebay, montage by LJC)
2.2 Columbia six-eye mono DG “walking eye” ™ (1956-61)
The Magic Notes logo gives way to the “Walking Eye” logo, a design which encompassed records TV and film in its ingenious ambiguity. The design commences with the “Six-Eye”, which is later reduced to two-eye, and finally one-eye, symbolising the more economical rate of eye-consumption in the manufacture of Columbia records. No, really.
2.3 Columbia Six-Eye Stereo DG (1958-61)
The Holy Grail, Kind of Blue, six eye stereo KoB
3. Columbia-CBS US (1961-67)
The Six-Eye Columbias were the stars of Fifties audiophile recording engineering and pressing, however, however around 1961 corporate changes at Columbia were signalled by the introduction of the “CBS” name in addition to “Columbia”. To judge from the few samples I have, the CBS Six-Eyes are inferior sonically to the original editions, in the case of my copy of Brubeck’s Time Out below, significantly so..
3.1 Columbia CBS overprint Six-Eye Mono US (1961)
Usually not DG, though there has been a sighting of CBS with Deep Groove.
Note the CBS overprint now appears, positioned at 12 o’clock. Not deep groove. The matrix confirms the cutting source as tape mix 1.The label says Six-Eye but the turnable says “hmmm…” May be just an end-of-run stamper artefact, but it sounds pretty poor – stodgy bass, blurred piano lacking transients, and Morello’s ringing cymbals all but disappeared. Many labelographies omit the CBS-overprint edition.
3.2 Columbia CBS overprint Six-Eye Stereo US (1961) no DG
Note “CBS” added to the Stereo “arrows”, matrix number in brackets, smaller font and different kerning, notably the large Side number.
4. Columbia US Two-Eye (1962-70)
Changing times, the classic serif font is replaced and “modernised” by a gothic (sans-serif) font, the legendary Six Eyes reduced two. Two-Eye sound quality remains very much up there with the best, at least US pressings. Europe was saddled with CBS local production after they acquired the UK Oriole label and its “clapped out” plants. In most cases I have auditioned, Oriole pressings are markedly inferior to both the earlier Philips UK pressings and the US counterparts.
4.1 Columbia Two-Eye – Promo white label
4.2 Columbia Two-Eye “Guaranteed High Fidelity” US (mono)
The first variety (1962-1963) featured the words “Guaranteed High Fidelity” at the bottom for mono LP’s
4.3 Columbia Two-Eye “360 SOUND” STEREO – black type
4.4 Columbia 2-eye black font / black arrows (Canada)
360 Sound stereo with arrows, this copy printed and one assumes pressed in Canada. Interestingly, deep groove.
Initially the “360 SOUND” logo used black type, up until 1963, when it was replaced with white type.
WB Notes: The first two-eye design (on the later CL 1397 pressing, and also CS 8612), lasted from mid-1962 to about summer 1965. However, there were two variants of both “Guaranteed High Fidelity” (set here in Venus Medium, later replaced by mid-’63 with a smaller variant set in Copperplate Gothic Bold Condensed) and the “360 Sound” Stereo (first variant had no arrows, after mid-’63 the “360 Sound’s” were reduced in size and the arrows added on).
4.4 Columbia Two-Eye “360 SOUND” white type and arrows – MONO.
The mono version from 1967 onwards is stripped of the white arrows and “360 SOUND” legend, with just the sole word “MONO” in its place.
WB Notes: The “360 Sound” Mono two-eye on the Brubeck “Time In” LP was almost wholly cribbed from the Columbia Masterworks two-eye LP design, except for the positioning of the 360 Sounds and the rim print at bottom. That variant was used from early 1966 to about spring 1967
UPDATE: WB Info 1967-70 variants July 27, 2020
The rim print: that’s a key indicator. The ‘NONBREAKABLE’ was struck from all LP label copy in or around February 1967, and there were three different label design variants between then and mid-1970. It was with the third that, around November-December 1967, the label printer shifted from using uncoated “Offset” paper (in which period the two-eyes seemed almost tomato red-ish) to “Gloss” coated stock (which saw the more magenta-ish red that appears to be PMS 199 restored to the label). Maybe I can help (with another album or albums):
LEFT: (though this label design variant had been in use since c.January 1966, for the purposes of judging copies without ‘NONBREAKABLE’ this design would have been in effect from February to March 1967)
CENTRE (label variant in effect from c.April to October 1967; 80(?) lb. Offset paper)
RIGHT: (post November-December 1967, label printed on 80 lb. Gloss paper, PMS 199 Red; copies pressed in Oct-Nov had this very design variant on uncoated stock with the tomato red)
You will see subtle differences in the spacing below especially.
4.5 Columbia Two-Eye “360 SOUND” white type and arrows, STEREO
Initially the 360 degree logo used black type. In 1963, the print on both mono and stereo copies was changed to white, and white arrows were added to the stereo logo.
The 360 degree sound was used for both mono and stereo editions up until 1967, when it was dropped from Mono, probably after someone asked the obvious question: how does Mono produce 360 degrees of sound?
WB notes: (CS 9632) first appeared (with uncoated paper stock in warm red ink) in fall 1967, and switched to glossy paper (with Pantone 199 Red) at the very end of the year. The ‘® “Columbia”,’ and ‘Marcas Reg. Printed in U.S.A.’ as well as the “360 Sound’s” on that variant were all cribbed from the Columbia Masterworks label design. The walking eye at the bottom was a new addition. Anyone who’s seen mono LP pressings from 1967-68 will note that the ‘® “Columbia”, … ” rim print at bottom is positioned slightly differently from on the stereo label.
5. Columbia-all-round – the modern label found on many later reissues
First editions and re-issues on the “Columbia all round” red label, date from the Seventies onward . This label had a life of probably twenty year or more, and there are some excellent pressings here, as well as some less than stellar transfers, depending on title and over the decades.
Pressing Columbia
Columbia at one time had five plants in operation, over time consolidated into three: Terre Haute, IN (1953 -1982), Pitman, NJ (1960 – 1986), and Santa Maria, CA (1963 – 1981). Bridgeport Conn and Hollywood Alden Drive plants transferred into their successor plants Pitman and Santa Maria. With ’60s and ’70s jazz LPs, two of the three are readily identifiable: by trail-off etchings – “T” and “COLUMBIA NY” – and distinctive font colour, orange – Indiana, and bright yellow – New York. There is no noticeable sonic difference between pressings from Columbia’s different plants (that I can detect). Columbia sent master cuttings for local manufacture to each of their plants, of which one, by definition, was the first cutting.
Though initially I had misgivings about the Columbia-all-round label, revisiting them after a number of turntable upgrades, they are generally very good and astonishing value.The stereo titles are a particularly nice addition to any collection.
Columbia vinyl last gasp – the fusion years and digital
How many Columbia engineers does it take to change a light bulb? This 1989 edition of Jean Luc Ponty’s Storytelling tells a story alright. Eight apparently, or nine if you include the eponymous Bernie Grundman. “More is better” motif (just don’t tell van Gelder) and in digital format “The Future!” ( just don’t tell the audiophile turntable manufacturers). A very ’90s view of the world.
The famed Columbia matrix number machine stamp and its legion of cuttings has disappeared, replaced by a handwritten matrix code, and the sleeve notes proudly declare this analogue vinyl record has been recorded, mixed and mastered “in the digital format”, an inglorious end to the Columbia legacy.
WB Notes: After the “Columbia Columbia” red/orange label was inaugurated c.June 1970, the two-eyes were consigned solely to deep-catalogue releases, with the last stereo labels used up by fall 1970 – and mono two-eyes continuing to be used well into the spring of 1972
6. Columbia Special Products
The Special Products service reissues classic recordings still on vinyl. Interesting to note the matrix indicates a second tape mix as source for the master, and the familiar excessive number of lacquer cuttings.
Postscript: COLUMBIA “MASTERWORKS”
Not strictly a jazz label, the classical “Masterworks” label seems to steer the same course: six-eye, two-eye, and finally Columbia-all-round. Examples below covering the period 1961 to 1972 .
Next: Columbia Labels UK & Europe
or go to: Columbia Matrix Codes
PRINTING COLUMBIA COVERS (Updated April 13, 2020)
At the bottom right corner of Columbia back covers is usually a number. According to the eponymous WB, these identify the following LP cover manufacturers:
‘2’ Imperial Paper Box Corp., Inc. of Brooklyn, NY
‘3’ Modern Album, Long Island, NY
‘4’ Imperial Packing Co., Inc., Indianapolis, IN
‘5’ Modern Album, Terre Haute, IN ‘6’ Imperial Packing Co., Inc., Indianapolis, IN, (when supply LA plants)
Examples of 2, 4 and 6 on 1959 promo copies of Kind of Blue.
Columbia’s Kind of Blue mono promo jacket codes 2, 4 and 6
Columbia owned pressing plants , with co-located metal parts and plating companies, at East, West and Central US locations. The manufacture of jackets seems to have been delegated to specialist local print and packaging companies. There has to be one or two cover manufacturers located around LA/Hollywood. Beatles fanatic have come up with this map
“The following factories used the following identification numbers in the mid-60s ”
Cover fabricator Number Send Press Plant
Imperial Paper Box Corporation, Inc., Brooklyn, New York 2 –> Scranton factory
Modern Album, Long Island, New York 3 –>
Imperial Packing Co., Inc., Indianapolis, Indiana 4 –> Jacksonville plant
6 –> Los Angeles
L.A plant
Modern Album, Terre Haute, Indiana 5 –>
9 –> Jacksonville plant
This suggests the “6” is one of two codes of Imperial Packing Indianapolis, used when suppling covers to the Capitol plant in LA.
“W.B.” …… Writes.
“As far as the numbers are concerned, they corresponded to the respective factories from which the covers were produced. Per the Spizer book, on mid-’60’s rainbow label Beatles LP’s #2 indicated Imperial Paper Box Corp., Inc. of Brooklyn, NY, #3 indicated Modern Album of Long Island, NY, #5 was Modern Album of Terre Haute, IN and #6 was Imperial Packing Co., Inc. of Indianapolis, IN. This latter firm may have also been #4 (as on Jacksonville, IL pressings), and later-’60’s Jacksonville pressings also had a #9 which may have come from Modern (IN). Apparently, #2 and #3 were associated with Scranton pressings, with #5 and #6 associated with L.A. pressings. But the numbers themselves were related more to the jacket fabricators.
For many years after that point, Columbia-pressed copies of LP covers with black-and-white print on the back had the following symbols on the lower right-hand side thereof: a heart shape (either black or light grey) for Pitman, N.J.; an “A” designation for Terre Haute, Ind.; and an “S” (either as a letter or as a distorted bold symbol) for Santa Maria, Calif.”
Runout stamps
Columbia Records Pressing Plant, Terre Haute = letter “T” etched or stamped into the run-outs. Many times it will be a “T 1”, “T 2”, etc. or written in the reverse, “1 T”, “2 T”, etc.
This is from the Perry Cox guide (cited on Discogs) a Beatlefan adds applicable dates
None Scranton Up to 1966 2 Imperial Paper Box Corp., Inc. of Brooklyn, NY . Scranton Up to 1967 ,
3 Modern Album of Long Island, NY > Scranton Up to 1969,
4 Imperial Packing Co., Inc. of Indianapolis, IN > Jacksonville, IL 1965-1968,
5 Modern Album of Terre Haute, IN > Los Angeles 1964-1966,
6 Imperial Packing Co., Inc. of Indianapolis, IN LA or Winchester 1964-1971,
7 Columbia 1969 (original or subsidiary label)
8 Decca? c. 1966
9 Modern Album of Terre Haute, IN Jacksonville, IL 1968, 1970-1974,
Complex national operation of up to five plants at any one time, finally reducing down to three:
Columbia Bridgeport Conn. 1473 Barnum Avenue, Bridgeport, CT 06610 Founded in 1934 active until 1964.
WB: It was in late March, 1964, that Columbia shut down its Bridgeport plant, transferring all East Coast pressing activities to their newer Pitman, NJ plant that first went into operation in May 1961, closed in March 1981;
The label typesetting associated with Bridgeport would also go to Pitman, though on Columbia, Epic and subsidiary releases, the Linotype fonts would not really reappear on a regular basis until summer 1965. The Pitman plant ceased manufacturing vinyl in 1986-87
Bridgeport and later Pitman used paper labels with Artist, Title and Track names set in Linotype Erbar LT Bold Condensed – shown below is a 1959 KoB promo (with Erbar Light Condensed for comparison). This font set distinguishes Bridgeport/Pitman pressings from those at other Columbia Plants, where other fonts were in use.
WB: “Many have erroneously cited the code “CT” as signifying the Bridgeport plant when, in fact, it was a code for Columbia’s Terre Haute, IN plant (as was ‘CTH’). Back when Columbia was pressing records in Bridgeport, the common abbreviation for the state was ‘Conn.’; ‘CT’ was not used as a state abbreviation until starting in the later 1970’s;
Thereafter, all East Coast pressing was transferred to Pitman, NJ which began some pressing late 1960 and became more fully operational by May 1961. A Billboard article from September of 1963 noted that Columbia was phasing out pressing operations in Bridgeport. Given when the plant finally closed, this wind-down took six months.
At about the same time Bridgeport ended pressing operations, they also shut down a West Coast plant in Hollywood, CA (on Alden Drive) after a newer plant in Santa Maria, CA (which opened some time in late 1963 and would close in 1981) reached 100% online status in terms of pressing.
Thus, for a time in the late 1963/early ’64 period, Columbia operated five plants across the country”.
The old Columbia Hollywood Alden Drive plant signature is a hand-etched letter H
Pressings at Terre Haute commonly have a letter “T” hand etched or stamped in the run-out, and in some cases a mother code (A B and C have been seen) and here a stamper count five-bar gate.
Santa Maria plant pressings reportedly carry a letter S in the run out.
Though the subject is contentious, Columbia cut multiple lacquers “simultaneously” – some say “on the same day”, and distributed these laquers to plants, who used these to manufacture metal parts locally (Customatrix Division) which ensured equally quality of pressings between manufacturing locations. In this sense, it is not especially important which plant pressed a Columbia recording.
The presence of Columbia pressing plant etchings is inconsistent. Around half the Columbia records in my collection have no visible indicator, merely the matrix code, and often an etched stamper count.
However there is one unique Columbia etching, sent to my by Frederik from Stockholm. Seen below on a six-eye mono copy of CL 949, Miles Davis ‘Round About Midnight. My copy, which is without this etching, was pressed at Hollywood, Alden Drive CA plant.
“Help stamp out Rock and Roll
Someone with access to Columbia metal stampers, and a great sense of humour. If you know more, email me.
104 thoughts on “Columbia US labels”
Mark Asid on November 9, 2020 at 17:32 said:
Hello, This tale is in regards to the album: Take Five/ Dave Brubeck.
When I was first married some 40+ years ago, I got a pile of DEMO records from my Mother-in law.
Her neighbor was a local DJ and gave her the pile. She knew that i liked music and gave me the pile. Dave Brubeck’s Take Five was in the pile. Since I didn’t have this record yet, I was pleased with my gift, and played it A LOT. Got divorced, records and other things went away with my EX.
Found another copy at a church rummage sale. An old six eye original, great. First time i played it
had a great trip down memory lane, until it came to the song Take Five.
It was not the same as I remembered,especially the drum solo. Is it possible that the DEMO is different than the release? I have never heard of it mentioned anywhere.
Mark Asid
Aaron on November 11, 2020 at 07:21 said:
The Take Five promo single used an edited 2:50 version, not the 5:21 album version. Maybe the single edit was on your old DEMO record? As I have neither I can’t verify.
Joel Prieto on July 27, 2020 at 13:26 said:
Hi I have a copy of Kind of Blue, 2 eyes, Stereo 360 Sound, White letters, without the nonunbreakable word under the the code on the label. This has to be from late 60’s but I can define the date. The only lead I have is the sleeve with many records from 1969, but that can be from another album. The Matrix are XSM-47326-1CD and XSM-47327-1CH from Pittman Press Plant. Is there any way to define the date of released of this copy?
W.B. on July 27, 2020 at 14:19 said:
How would the rim print have looked? That’s a key indicator. The ‘NONBREAKABLE’ was struck from all LP label copy in or around February 1967, and there were three different label design variants between then and mid-1970. It was with the third that, around November-December 1967, the label printer shifted from using uncoated “Offset” paper (in which period the two-eyes seemed almost tomato red-ish) to “Gloss” coated stock (which saw the more magenta-ish red that appears to be PMS 199 restored to the label). Maybe I can help (with another album or albums):
https://www.discogs.com/viewimages?release=7652380 (though this label design variant had been in use since c.January 1966, for the purposes of judging copies without ‘NONBREAKABLE’ this design would have been in effect from February to March 1967)
https://www.discogs.com/viewimages?release=2158451 (label variant in effect from c.April to October 1967; 80(?) lb. Offset paper)
https://www.discogs.com/viewimages?release=4613338 (post November-December 1967, label printed on 80 lb. Gloss paper, PMS 199 Red; copies pressed in Oct-Nov had this very design variant on uncoated stock with the tomato red)
LondonJazzCollector on July 27, 2020 at 15:14 said:
Pictures referenced by WB
“Tomato Red” is a pretty good description of the last design. Cherry Tomato I would say.
Thanks for the answer! Comparing this labels and with the information you give me, it looks like it is from the second variant. From April to October 1967, great explanation! Thanks again!
“Tomato Red” was Columbia’s own description for such a color. It’s a bit darker than Pantone Warm Red.
Martin Ray Lycan on December 5, 2019 at 06:52 said:
Any thoughts on this – Columbia 6-eye, no CBS, not deep groove, small inner ring.
You can see at:
https://www.ebay.com/itm/CHARLES-MINGUS-MINGUS-AH-UM-COLUMBIA-CS-8171-US-6EYES-VINYL-LP-/362810599934?hash=item54793269fe%3Ag%3APgkAAOSwJUBdypRR&LH_ItemCondition=3000&nma=true&si=rk%252F%252FUzkNevvja1UTHwUIObJJnR0%253D&orig_cvip=true&nordt=true&rt=nc&_trksid=p2047675.l2557
LondonJazzCollector on December 5, 2019 at 11:40 said:
27 bids, sold for just under $100, nice.
The six eye label started out around 1958, initially deep groove. By the end in 1961- 1962, before the CBS overprint, the deep groove dies had largely been replaced with regular flat dies. Same happened with other plants like Plastylite – I guess it was an industry-wide manufacturing thing.
I’d guess that album was from the tail-end, 1962. A pity the Japanese sellers didn’t identify the matrix codes each side and any other etchings – that can be instructive.
Aaron on December 6, 2019 at 00:51 said:
It’s a Classic Records pressing: https://www.discogs.com/Charles-Mingus-Mingus-Ah-Um/release/11547530
Besides the small pressing ring, the “Win A Free Test Pressing” insert is dead giveaway.
Anonymous on December 6, 2019 at 02:06 said:
Thanks! I looked at the Classic Records in discogs – but didn’t see this one with the small inner ring.
Duh! Dummy, I forgot, Classic Records did “exact” repro-copies. I have one where they actually pressed in a deep groove.
Naughty seller, it is not a “six-eye label”, it is a “copy of a six-eye label”. I’m sure they knew that.
jason on August 23, 2019 at 03:10 said:
dear ljc & friends, for the Columbia 2 eye 360 stereo with arrows label, may i ask if the one with the black or white fonts came out first please? thanks
i just found this and seems like the black print came out first. guess that’s the answer to my question? https://www.cvinyl.com/labelguides/columbia.php
dottorjazz on May 14, 2019 at 16:13 said:
Miles Davis Columbia CL 949 ‘Round about midnight: six eyes, dg, two versions
1) title on label in two lines: ‘ROUND, first line, ABOUT MIDNIGHT, second line plus name of the group in two lines: THE, first line, MILES DAVIS GROUP second one.
2) title plus name of the group in a single line
I’ve got the first variant, 1A-1A
DrPepper on November 4, 2018 at 01:12 said:
I find the dimension of 2.7109375″.quoted in W.B.s posting 2013 to be not possible at that accuracy. The last significant digit Is equivalent to 127 Angstroms or about 1/20 of the wavelength of light. You could not even measure that unless you used something like interferometry. Also there is no way one could even get a circle stamped on vinyl of that accuracy. I think this is off by at least a factor of 1,000, most probably by 10,000 for the significant digit.
Tim Burgess on February 28, 2018 at 05:12 said:
I thoroughly enjoyed reading this Columbia Label Cheat Sheet. Food for thought: I recently picked up a copy of Brother Jack McDuff’s Down Home Style. I love this recording and was originally drawn to the cover art featuring a plate of ribs, greens and beans spread out on a table cloth covered table. I was equally intrigued when I stumbled across Mong Santamaria’s Stone Soul which features a (copy cat?) plate of pork, beans and rice. Both albums have their clear and unique differences but I also enjoyed the delightful similarities in sound and spirit influencing Jazz in 1969. For me this was a distraction form Blue Note and my first serious look at Columbia. As usual I am deeply grateful for all of the work you kindly share with the vinyl loving public! Although its about the record cover and not the vinyl itself I also add a tiny contribution of sorts: On the back of the cover in the lower right corner I found the number “6 B”. If I got it right you in your article you list numbers “2-5” for the East Coast and “1” for LA. I wonder what location “6” represents?
test on February 23, 2017 at 16:55 said:
This is just a test
Ian on October 15, 2016 at 02:48 said:
Love your site, thanks to you and it I’m gaining a Brand new addiction, early jazz vinyl!
I just picked up a very nice copy of the Brubeck ‘Jazz goes to college’ record on the red and gold magic notes label pictured above. Identical in every way except ‘manufactured in Canada’ – I assume the US releases were pressed in Canada too. Not sure how different it would be sonically to the US version but sounds pretty darned good to my ears.
Aaron on October 15, 2016 at 17:23 said:
Many vintage Canadian Columbias were made from the same metal parts as US copies so they should sound nearly identical. You’d have to check the deadwax to be 100% sure.
Jay Conway on October 18, 2016 at 00:40 said:
Andrew,Hope this arrives safely. It should be high resolution and suitable for reproduction on your cheat sheet.Cheers,Jay
ent from my iPad
MaryJane on July 18, 2016 at 07:01 said:
I forgot to mention, mostly classical but some very old jazz from 30’s till early 80’s. About 100 to 300 hundred albums. Some not open and some in poor shape. I apologize for intruding as a inexperienced reader but need help learning, as I always loved and still love all types of quality musical sound. With that said, let’s get them in in hands of those who will appreciate them most while I learn. Last , I will share the story of how I acquired them if I am not asked to excuse myself from this discussion. Thank you
Very interesting reading. I am new to this forum and need help. I have many old albums. I am trying to learn about their quality and age. For example, a 2 eyed dark grey, Columbia masterworks album by Igor Stravinsky conducts 1961. From what I reviewed above, would this fall into the category of quality sound prior to Columbia Columbia newer labels? I am ignorant to all this terminology and want to make sure I put this huge collection I acquired into the right hands for the right price. Anyone able to help me?
Hi, I’ve added a postscript on the Masterworks label series, which seems to run in parallel to the jazz series
As to the sound quality, perhaps any of our readers could comment, classical is not my strong point. As regards value, likewise, but I am sure Popsike will give you the best take on auction prices.
(I should add that this site is strictly non-commercial, and does not support buying and selling of records)
Thank you Sir, I will keep all future discussion focused towards topics at hand and further the conversations in the future in regards to any and all Jazz I discover in my collection along with the great enjoyment of my opinion in the sound quality I discover. Hopefully I have a good ear. Either way, I must say, THANK YOU for a pleasurable experience here and for the abundance of knowledge.
The same principles relating to pop and jazz recordings on Columbia from the six-eye up to the “ring around Columbia” designs, also apply to classical Masterworks recordings. The Steve Hoffman forums have a thread about Masterworks LP’s, and the consensus is generally the same: on late ’50’s and ’60’s albums, the first-pressings are better (partly the tape source, partly the Westrex and Ortofon cutterheads mounted onto the Scully lathes), and when you get later and later on deep-catalogue material, the quality goes down one to many notches, especially post-1972-73 when all Scullys were retro-equipped with Neumann cutterheads (a Hoffmanite had noted that whatever “undesirable” sounds were filtered out by the old Westrex’, came to the fore on the Neumanns; this would have been as much applicable to deep-catalogue LP’s from Stravinsky or Bernstein conducting the New York Philharmonic or Ormandy conducting the Philadelphia Orchestra, as those by Brubeck, Miles, Monk or Mingus).
B.T.W., parts of the two-eye Masterworks label design second from right were nicked on two different occasions for the layout of the red label Columbia two-eyes. First in 1966 for the positioning of the label name on top, the two eyes on each side, and the “MONO” and “STEREO” below. Then in fall 1967 for the ‘ “Columbia”,’ and ‘Marcas Reg. Printed in U.S.A.’ rim print on both two-eye label variants – and the “360 Sound’s” on each side below for the stereo label.
I never cease to be in awe of your insights, WB. thank you from the bottom of my black vinyl heart.
Absolutely amazing, it is like you looked at my collection and understand what I needed to learn while maintaining the point of view relating to quality of sound for different genres of music but keeping the topic relating to jazz focused, while going above and beyond to give me and others a center point of reference that we can agree or disagree with if we actually take the time to listen to any and or all albums in our collection that meets the specific criteria set forth above. Inspiration you have given, I can not wait to be able to figure out the best devices to use and purchase to listen to my jazz and other albums from the period. Time to study my albums, one question? Where do I buy the crystal ball? Thank you!
I forgot to say, finding this great group I have learned more in 24 hours then I can thk you all for. When I find the 6 eyed or 2 eyed or any jazz in my collection I recently acquired, I will be excited to discuss them and the sound I feel once I can listen to them. Again, thk you W.B. And LJC, you both gave me enough FREE knowledge to get me started and interested. Good day
Anonymous on July 21, 2016 at 03:40 said:
Ok, so true to my word, I have located my first Jazz album. Below I reviewed the discussion about Mingus. My album is titled Mingus Ah Um/Charles Mingus with digitally remastered directly from the original analog tapes at top portion of the cover and Columbia Jazz Masterpieces label to the right -all of the cover.
The back cover has 1 eye, then Recorded May 5 and May 12, 1959 at Columbia 30th Street Studio in New York City. Produced by Teo Macero. Digital Master Prepared by Teo Macero. Engineered by Ray Moore. Mastered at CBS Studio, New York by Vlado Meller.
Side A says Columbia Jazz Masterpieces CJ 40468, AL 40468-with AL40468-1B space E space G1 or 61
Side B says Columbia Jazz Masterpieces CJ 40468, BL 40468-with BL40468-1A space E space 61
Both sides have the name of the songs on that side and are labeled, 1 or 2. The word “space” is used by me to describe that there is room between the letters or numbers I listen.
With the above information, considering no “eyes” on either side, with only 1 eye on the back side of the cover, is this an original 1959 or a copy and considering I have no way to listen to this piece, can anyone share their understanding of the quality of sound I may enjoy at the point in which I am able to play this pieces as well as any additional insight?
Thank you dearly and with much appreciation for the time.
I forgot to mention, side 1 and 2, not a or b and AL40646-1B space E space G1 or 61 also has A9 inscribed on the album side 1 and BL40648-1A space E space 61 side 2 does not have A9 inscribed on the album with these other letters and numbers. I hope I am making sense. Thanks again-
For starters, CJ 40648 was a re-release as well as digital remaster, issued in 1987, the ‘GI’ in the deadwax indicating a Carrollton, GA pressing (which, by 1987, was the only Columbia plant to press vinyl). There was no digital technology in 1959, and they certainly didn’t credit mastering engineers “back then” as they did with Meller on your copy. The original 1959 cat. #’s would have been CL 1370 mono (x”Lp” 47456 / 47457), CS 8171 stereo (XSM 47458 / 47459), mastered on Scully lathes with Westrex cutterheads.
Thank you, I realized this as well after little research and apologize for the posting without first seeking to find the answer prior to the post. It probably gave you a chuckle, the digital part that is. I will do a little research first before I make a foolish question.
I did locate several 6 eye releases in my classical group and hope to discover a few in Jazz. Thank you for not laughing, publicly at my ignorance.
Reid yalom on July 4, 2016 at 20:00 said:
Dear Mr. LJC, i just listening to Horace Silver’s, Silver ‘s Blues mono on a Columbia Collectors Series… Columbia Special products. Nm- so very clean. Question. Is this considered a sonic upgrade from standard post seventies Columbia all round? Vintage late 70’s?
Marie Ponsot on May 21, 2016 at 14:29 said:
I do not see this label and I have never found it before
It is Brown vackground. It has a red white and blue banner that has a “label” in the middle showing title etc. It is on a 78 titled that old gang of mine (Ray henderson) left #side are a3976..right are 81147…I would just like history of label
W.B. on May 21, 2016 at 14:48 said:
That was way before the time period covered in this site. It lasted from the inaugural of the ‘1-D’ series in 1923 to about the early part of 1925. Incidentally, pre-1930, 78’s used a 3.5″ diameter center label size, which would be revived for their pressings of 45’s from 1950 to the closure of their last vinyl plant in 1991.
Evan on February 27, 2016 at 07:59 said:
Hi, LJC. I’ve just been in touch with a dealer about a mono copy of Miles Davis’s E.S.P. I had him send me label pics. They are the same as those in 4.2 above (Guaranteed High Fidelity). However, E.S.P. was recorded in 1965, and, I then notice that side 2 has a handwritten catalogue number, while on side 1 it is machine stamped, like in your photo.
Any idea what’s going on there? Not good, right?
On Side 2, sounds like the deadwax space was far too narrow for the engineers at Columbia’s New York studios to put their machine-stamped type, so they etched the matrix number instead. How much “real estate” in the runout section was there on Side 2?
Martin on December 14, 2015 at 18:24 said:
I’m looking at a two-eye mono ‘360 Sound’ in white with arrows (1965?) repress of Kind Of Blue – would that still have been pressed with the older stampers. It’s much cheaper than an earlier pressing – recent auctions of six-eye mono KoBs seem to average out at about £65-85. Is that right? Seems odd for the biggest selling jazz LP of all time! I don’t think this record is as ‘rare’ as sellers would have us believe! I have entered the fevered world of KoB pursuit…
LondonJazzCollector on December 14, 2015 at 19:18 said:
KoB and Blue Train must be the biggest selling jazz records of all time.
KoB is not rare in absolute, but the very earliest pressings from 1959 (six eye) are much sought after, especially in near mint condition or promo editions.. A friend has just paid $450 for a mono Six Eye white label promo. People appear quite happy to own a dozen copies as a result of their upgrade search for the ultimate listening experience of this life-changing recording. Later editions find their own price level.
Columbia were geared up for the manufacture and distribution of millions of copies of a record. The model of Blue Note and Prestige with their limited number of sales, and need for a few stampers from one RVG master doesn’t work with Columbia. They cut multiple “masters” from the original tape mix, sending copies to pressing plants in multiple locations.
My friend’s promo is from Terre Haut (T-etching) and a matrix code 1-D. Sooner or later there are pressings flooding out of Santa Barbara, New York, and Indiana, who knows where else. They will also have multiple re-pressings from each distribution centre as sales dictated. The number of master “cuttings” run into 20-30 according to matrix codes. I don’t understand the half of it.
By the time we reach two-eye, its anyone guess what the recording source is, I’m not sure anyone knows.
I have a stereo six eye, and it blows me out of the water every time I hear it, it is a qualitatively different experience to my later UK Fontana/CBS pressings (locally remastered from copy tape).
Is this helpful? I don’t know.
It confirms I am in the wrong income bracket for my growing obsession!
Do not despair Martin, you can afford more and better records. All you have to do is re-prioritise your expenditure. Cut down on inessentials, like food, clothing, transport, holidays, move into a smaller home… umm.. may be you’re right. It can be an expensive hobby but not if you can ration yourself to only a few record purchases a day 😉
Hilariously, I actually do live pretty much in the service of secondhand vinyl already! Oh how I laughed. Now, all I need is that mint six-eye promo of KoB and my life will be complete…
Martin on January 9, 2016 at 21:39 said:
I had a bit of an odyssey looking for a decent mono KoB. First up was a supposedly ‘original’ mono UK CBS – crappy pressing on flimsy vinyl; late 60s, not first issue. Returned it. I then bought two copies of original UK Fontana pressing – both suffered from over-grading and groovewear/ scratches; not keepers. They went back. Bought a better graded copy from the Netherlands that got damaged in transit and never arrived – darn it! Spotted a Japanese CBS/Sony 1968 issue, SONP50027, stereo KoB on Ebay and plumped for that – sounds fantastic. I do love most jazz records in mono though, for the record. Gave up bidding on Columbia six-eye monos – always some sniper bids above the odds and I can’t risk winning a $200 bid!
LondonJazzCollector on January 9, 2016 at 23:51 said:
Kudos, for trying. I am sure many of us have a litter-trail of dodgy copies of a recording until we have finally found one that works for us. Youi have to ask, what’s up with other people that settle for less?
There were about five variations of the stereo two-eyes with arrows in white. 1965 labels (that variant was first introduced in August) were printed on cast-coated ‘Kromekote’ stock. Then in late 1965 (about November or December) some Columbia pop labels had rim print right out of the Columbia Masterworks label. They tweaked that in early 1966 (the stereo equivalent of the mono 4.4 Brubeck Time In), and in that form was used to c.March-April 1967. (The first and third variants I speak of, all had the rim print as “® ‘Columbia’, Marcas [walking eye logo] Reg. …”) Then after that, they went back to the original 1965 design and rejiggered the rim print so that the walking eye now came before “® ‘Columbia’,” and “Marcas Reg. …” Around September or October 1967, they further tweaked the design for the last time to what it looked like on the 4.5 Monk example (with the “360 Sound’s” and the ” ‘Columbia’ ” and “Marcas Reg. Printed in U.S.A.” coming straight out of the Masterworks label design). Note that between late 1965 and around November 1967, label blanks were printed on uncoated stock, thus the tint used was almost bright warm/tomato red. After switching to coated paper in late ’67 (not as bright as the ‘Kromekote’, nonetheless), they apparently went with Pantone 199 Red for their color. So 1965 is not a “be-all and end-all” dating for re-pressings of LP’s like Kind Of Blue. Also, in or around January 1967 ‘NONBREAKABLE’ as seen below the cat. # at left on many a Columbia (and other sublabel, i.e. Epic) LP since the introduction of that format in 1948, was struck from all albums, whether new or “deep catalogue.” So if that repress of KoB has no ‘NONBREAKABLE’ in the label copy, it’s post-1967, and if the label is shiny, it’s post-1968.
geatsromo on July 27, 2016 at 17:16 said:
I’m confused by the color you describe as shiny. I have a Miles Davis “Round About Midnight CS8649 Matrix XSM 56006-1K with the white STERO 360 Sound and white arrows. The color appears to be more of a deep red, rather than the normal red / orange i associate with Columbia. The sleeve includes Small Faces Ogden… and The Graduate along with other 1967-68 releases. How long did they use this color? By the way, this info you’ve provided and thread is blowing my mind.
Does your copy have ‘NONBREAKABLE’ below the cat. #? If not, it’s a post-late 1967 pressing; the basic color was used forever after, even after they switched label designs to the red/orange “ring around Columbia” label. That “deep red” you speak of is when they switched paper stock from uncoated (English finish?) to coated. When I speak of ‘super shiny’, it’s on pre-1965 in the white area where the ‘COLUMBIA’, two eyes, mono or stereo with the arrows and ‘360 Sound’s’, and rim print are situated, not so much the red. Plus little bumps within the texture, evidently as from the back of the Kromekote paper which was uncoated (and which side was used, from 1965 to 1967, by Capitol to print LP label blanks).
But it’s possible that deep red in the 1967-70 “two-eye” variant may’ve been from a Handschy color ink, rather than Pantone’s PMS 199. But the similarities are so, ahem, deep.
My copy does not have UNBREAKABLE anywhere on the label. So this would be a late 60’s pressing? Thank you for the response
I haven’t parsed the change exactly by title and date – life’s too short – but it falls somewhere in the mid ’60s, when the description “nonbreakable” no longer added anything useful, as breakable shellac was long gone.
The deletion of ‘NONBREAKABLE’ from the label copy occurred around January 1967. Very first-pressings of Simon & Garfunkel’s “Parsley, Sage, Rosemary And Thyme” (CL 2563 / CS 9363), released fall 1966, had that word, but later pressings didn’t. (Again, as far as back catalogue goes, especially the jazz ones, the same principles apply.)
schlage Columbia on December 3, 2015 at 07:19 said:
Martin on June 22, 2015 at 23:18 said:
Today the postman delivered a six eye curio I thought my interest Columbia collectors: it’s Miles Davis’ Saturday Night at the Blackhawk (stereo). One side has the earlier six eye label and the other side has the CBS overprinted six eye label. The cover condition isn’t anything special but the vinyl itself is still sealed in its original polythene bag with perforations for opening. I shall be resisting the temptation to open the bag until the weekend when I can set aside time to enjoy the moment.
Has anybody else seen mixed six eye labels like this?
Rich (DG Mono) on June 23, 2015 at 00:34 said:
I have not. My copy is CBS six-eye and sounds great…good luck, let us know!
Mono though
dottorjazz on June 23, 2015 at 14:02 said:
I would like a confirmation about first mono pressing of Friday and Saturday at the Black Hawk. after checking hundreds of copies, I’ve found that both singles (1669 and 1670) or double (C2L 20) have six eyes label, deep groove on both sides, NO CBS at hr 12.
2) why, on the double edition labels, over cat # C2L 20, is printed CL 1694 (Friday Night) or CL 1695 (Saturday Night)? why give a second cat # and different from the singles?
3) I’ve seen both mono or stereo with/without CBS, with/without dg, single sided dg, a big confusion.
six eyes, double dg, no CBS are the rarest.
Giving two cat. #’s for single LP’s in a two-record set was for cataloguing purposes by Columbia. It also opened up the possibility to issue each record individually at a later date.
Aaron on June 23, 2015 at 01:29 said:
Congrats on the sealed Miles! Out of the 30 or so six-eye jazz records in my collection there’s probably 2 or 3 that have CBS on one side and not on the other. Not common but not super rare either.
dottorjazz on January 8, 2015 at 16:52 said:
the emmerdeur is back!
Columbia 1656, Miles Davis Someday My Prince Will Come.
I’ve found three different issues:
1) six eyes, NO dg, CBS at hr 12
2) six eyes, NO dg, NO CBS
3) six eyes, dg, CBS at hr 12
question: six eyes, dg, NO CBS: does it exist?
Rudolf on January 8, 2015 at 17:59 said:
mine is your case number one. Btw my stereo copy CS 8456 is also as per 1).
Joe L on January 8, 2015 at 23:02 said:
Mine is also your 1) (6 eye, no DG, CBS). I’ve never seen a DG without the CBS, but that doesn’t mean it’s not out there.
just a question: is the CBS mention on labels a frerquent phenomenon or is it just on Miles’ Prince?? I never paid attention to it. You draw my attention, but I did not make further checks.
I have several different records which carry the CBS overprint on the label, at 12 0’clock, including a Brubeck. They are notably inferior sounding, though whether that applies to all or by chance just my copies I can’t say. Sellers invariably overlook the occasional CBS presence when hyperventilating: Columbia Six Eye!
My CBS copies are hit and miss – some sound just fine, but they are not as uniformly good as my pre-CBS DG 6 eyes.
Aaron on January 9, 2015 at 19:07 said:
The CBS logo first appeared on the top of the Columbia six-eye label during 1961. If you see a pre-1961 six-eye (like Kind Of Blue, Sketches Of Spain or Time Out) with the CBS logo on top, it is a later pressing.
dottorjazz on January 10, 2015 at 17:22 said:
most of my Columbia are Davis’.
six eyes: 949, 1041, 1193, 1268, 1274, 1355, 1480, 1669 (Blackhawk Vol.1) are all DG no CBS.
1670, at the Blackhawk Vol.2: I found no DG no CBS, or no DG but CBS.
the double issue in mono C2 L 20: DG no CBS
it seems unlikely that 1670 is only with no DG.
the only Davis six eyes AND CBS is 1656.
as written before I’ve seen only one copy without CBS (and no DG), one copy only WITH DG and CBS, all others were CBS and no DG.
a copy WITH DG and no CBS would be considered the rarest Davis six eyes, but I never encountered it.
Rudolf on January 12, 2015 at 15:52 said:
it is through you that I discovered the CBS print on a six eyes label. On none of my six eyes labels I ever saw this CBS mention, only on “Someday my Prince…. My other six eyes include the Mingus, Ellington, J.J. and the M.D. albums you mention, plus some odd single artists (Jazz Messengers, Teo Macero et al.)
Jay on December 10, 2015 at 03:45 said:
I have a copy of CL 1656 Six Eye, pre-CBS, DG on Side Two with matrix 1A and Side One not DG matrix 1B. Album and jacket VG++.
columbia special products, a question: there are two different labels, the one in red shown here and a bluish/greenish with different letterings and Collector’s series.
I’ve JP 13811, Miles Davis Facets with the red label, published 1977 but, with identical number and cover, the bluish exists. this record is a compilation 1955-1962 with tracks unavailable at the time of publishing. there are two previous issues, French and Italian, very common in the past. which is the first edition, between USA issues and which between european ones?
Our friends at Vinylbeat offer the Columbia Special Products Collectors Series blue label as “1980’s”. I’m not sure this answers your question, but there are one heck of a lot of Columbia labels! You could check Vinylbeat for any clues
I have never seen the Italian version of “Facets”, but the French version, which was widely distributed in Western Europe, predates any US version. I even think Columbia never issued “Facets” in a regular version. You learn me that it came out in the Special products line, but this new to me up to this day.
there are 3 known european versions, same cat #: 62637, series “do you like jazz?”
Italy, orange CBS, 1967
Netherlands, orange CBS, 1973
France, orange CBS, year unknown
Columbia USA reissued in 1977 with two different labels but identical cover.
I can’t go further.
Mike on November 6, 2014 at 09:06 said:
So if Columbia used Westrex stereo cutterheads in the 1958-62 six-eye and 1962-70 two-eye eras then are these a smaller v shape groove similar to the stereo pressings or an earlier u shape? How do you know if you can play with a mono cartridge (limited vertical complicancy) or not?
Antoine on September 22, 2014 at 23:18 said:
Hi LJR, I bought a pressing from Charles Mingus album “Mingus Ah Um”, published by Columbia. It’s a 2-Eye / white writing / “Guaranteed High Fidelity” label so I guess it was pressed between 62 and 63. Though it’s a CL 1370 Cat# and I thought CL 1370 had only been attributed to the original Mono & Stereo pressing from back in 1959. Do you have any information about this? Thank you in advance!
LondonJazzCollector on September 23, 2014 at 08:35 said:
Sounds like a question for WB.
A quick look at Goldmine will tell you how each issue of Ah Um was numbered, by year, example online
This is one thing Goldmine is quite useful for (as opposed to prices, the original purpose). It looks like the CL catalogue number is retained through various different label changes and it is not until much more recently other series pre-fixes occur.
I have a Columbia 6 eye mono pre-CBS pressing (Lady In satin Billie Holliday) that does not have a deep groove
Any indications in the vinyl trail off which of Columbia’s three main plants it was pressed at? (Terre Haute, Santa Maria , Pitman), or any other clues as to origin?
Actually, if it’s six-eye mono before the ‘CBS’ was inserted atop the ‘COLUMBIA’, the plants would have been Bridgeport, Terre Haute, Hollywood and (if 1960-61) Pitman.
52southvale on July 28, 2014 at 17:09 said:
The matrix reads XLP43015-1H. Therefore I assume 8th lacquer, but no indication of the pressing plant as far as I can tell? the release number is CL 1157. I can alos just make out a small inverted c stamp, similar to a plastylite ear but smaller on the run out as well.
WB is on the case – all I can do is egg him on from the sidelines. You are in the presence of The Pope of Etchings. (That’s a compliment if you were wondering!)
The only plant which would not have put pressing plant initials on their LP deadwax was Bridgeport, so it may’ve been that. As for lacquer numbers (-1H was indeed the eighth lacquer cut for that side), I’ve seen some lacquer numbers cut from the first mix of tapes on one record as -1LJ on one side (the 130th cut!) and -1LA (the 122nd) on another. (That was on a circa 1965 pressing of the West Side Story soundtrack on Columbia Masterworks, B.T.W.)
But some stampers from Columbia and for pressings they made for other labels had what looked like a small ° (thought its size would be somewhat bigger from one plant than from another); that would indicate a plating / processing job from their in-house metalwork facility, Customatrix.
Interesting. Thanks for the comments.
I would post a scan but I don’t know how to unless I add a link to another site.
If you post as email attachment to my address as given in LJC main banner last item “Contact LJC”, I will post up here.
dottorjazz on May 1, 2014 at 13:29 said:
I’m putting order in Miles Davis’ originals on Columbia and I’ve got some questions with no answer yet.
1) CL 1656, Someday my prince will come, issued Dec. 11, 1961: Six eyes, no dg, cbs at 12 o’clock. Does mono exist with six eyes AND dg AND no cbs? I ask this why:
2) CL 1669, In person-Friday night: six eyes dg
CL 1670, In person-Saturday night: which label?
3) Jack Johnson: I found
A) KC 30455, late red label BUT with dg
B) S 30455, grey label Columbia Masterworks
which is the original?
and for all interested I found this:
CS 9594, Nefertiti, white promo label, MONO record with sticker: Special Mono Radio Station Copy. Cover is Stereo.
I don’t know if this is a unique rara avis or if other following stereos have been sent out to radio stations with mono records: Nefertiti was the first stereo with no mono stock counterpart.
I keep searching.
W.B. on May 1, 2014 at 14:55 said:
After Columbia’s pressing plants retooled their LP presses to deemphasize “deep grooves” in favor of their 2.703125″ pressing ring around 1961 (after Pitman, NJ first became fully operational), at least one of their presses at each of their plants (with the possible exception of Santa Maria, CA) had one side of DG. The latest pressings with DG on one side as I saw from Terre Haute, IN came out in 1969, and the last DG’s-on-one-side emanating from Pitman rolled off the presses in 1973. (I have a pressing of Deodato’s Prelude: Deodato LP on CTI, pressed in Pitman, where one side was DG.)
Incidentally, as to Miles’ Jack Johnson LP, Columbia Masterworks S 30455 was the original, later changed to the red-label KC 30455; the tale is in the deadwax, where I once had a KC 30455 copy with “MAL” and “MBL” prefices stamped on each side. (M indicated a Masterworks issue, while P before AL or BL [i.e. PAL, PBL] was for red-label pop and jazz records.)
Apparently, as for Nefertiti, there was a mono CL 2794, but such copies, if any, would be extremely rare. (Just as stock copies exist in mono of Simon & Garfunkel’s Bookends [KCL 2729] and The Graduate soundtrack [Columbia Masterworks OL 6780], Andy Williams’ Honey [CL 2862], Gary Puckett & The Union Gap’s albums Featuring: Young Girl [CL 2864] and Incredible [CL 2915], and Big Brother & The Holding Company’s Cheap Thrills [KCL 2900]; apparently, such copies were for customers of Columbia’s hugely profitable record club.)
Karen Moore on April 3, 2014 at 17:22 said:
Looking for Columbia Gray Label “Masterworks” compilation “Track 360” Ellington. Can anyone help?
W.B. on February 4, 2014 at 06:46 said:
I should note that Columbia retired their matrix number machine stamp once and for all in late 1983. It had been first put to use around February of 1952, and since February 1959 they were bunched together with some characters up and others down to go with the curve in the deadwax. There were other companies that used this font – RCA Victor was the first known company to use it, albeit only on 78’s, starting in 1951 and into 1954-55 (except the characters were positioned at 6 o’clock rather than Columbia’s 12 o’clock positioning), their RCA Italiana affiliate in Italy used those characters in the late 1950’s (again, with 6 o’clock positioning), and Mercury Sound Studios (the mastering arm of Mercury that would later be spun off as Masterdisk) began using this machine-stamped type on LP’s and 45’s in 1959, and would continue well into 1974 and probably ’75.
There were other Columbia studios besides New York that used the machine-stamped type for the deadwax matrix numbers: Hollywood, on and off between 1963 and 1966; Chicago, from 1963 to 1972; and San Francisco, on and off from 1973 to c.1976-77. Only Nashville eschewed any use, going hand-etched matrix numbers all through its history.
As for audio quality of the records, it is believed by some that the best-sounding of albums such as by Brubeck, Miles, Monk et al., would have dovetailed with the time Columbia used Westrex stereo cutterheads (in the 1958-62 six-eye and 1962-70 two-eye eras). The way the tapes were mixed and EQ’d for cutting, lent themselves more to the older cutterheads with their inherent limitations. By contrast, when Columbia retrofitted their old Scully lathes with Neumann cutterheads to replace the Westrex’ around 1973, was when the sound quality of the deep-catalogue material really began to suck, because with the more accurate representation of the tape sources picked up by the new cutterheads, whatever was filtered out by the old Westrex’ – which would mean less desirable, sound-wise – suddenly came to the fore. That, plus the issue of master tapes wearing out and Columbia engineers having to cut from later-generation dubs which also had a compromising effect on the sound of later pressings of the vintage jazz LP’s. But this is also a consensus among collectors of vintage six-eye and two-eye dark cool-grey label Columbia Masterworks classical offerings from Eugene Ormandy and the Philadelphia Orchestra, Rudolf Serkin, Leonard Bernstein and the New York Philharmonic, and so forth (with the sound quality deteriorating a few years into the two-tone warm grey / amber yellow-orange Masterworks label whose design was along the lines of the red/orange “Columbia Columbia” etc. only with “MASTERWORKS” inside at the top).
LondonJazzCollector on February 4, 2014 at 14:05 said:
The role of cutting heads goes way above my technical understanding but it makes sense as you describe it. A mine of useful information not available elsewhere, as always, WB, thanks.
Pete Brazier on December 24, 2013 at 20:27 said:
Hi LJC. I picked up three Canadian Columbia records recently including The Jazz Messengers CL 897 maroon and silver. I’m not finding much online about this release. It sounds very good to my ears. Have you come across these releases?
CL 897:
https://londonjazzcollector.wordpress.com/2013/02/14/the-jazz-messengers-1956-columbia-six-eye/
I have a couple of Canadian pressings, indistinguishable from other US pressings. All the majors sent media to pressing plants on the two coasts and in the centre – Indiana/ Chicago – another copy probably went to Canada for pressing. Nobody wanted the freight costs of moving finished records if they could press locally. I have never understood whether they sent mothers, stampers or copy tape for re-mastering like they did with European distribution.
The issue with Canada is not whether they are any good, it’s the fact they are not “Made in USA” – collector’s premium says “not original” and marks them down.
Sam Forshort on December 23, 2018 at 12:49 said:
I have an original big old 6 eye blue lable… guess it is only valuable because I love it and it was given to my step father who designed the backdrops for the theater production… guess Canada is ranked as being of no value.. they did great l.p. from master reels… I have a few master reels from LA and have no clue what they are worth either to others… to me they are my family history and I am the last of mine…
W.B. on August 21, 2013 at 01:28 said:
For those wondering . . . any and all Columbia pressings, in terms of deep groove, had these inner and outer dimensions:
– Inner: 2.6875″
– Outer: mostly 2.78125″, sometimes (in the early ’50’s) as much as 2.8125″; occasionally as little as 2.734375″
DG’s were used on at least one side of pressings from Terre Haute, IN as late as about 1968 or ’69, and from Pitman, NJ well into 1973.
1960-61 – when Pitman first opened – marked the first time we saw non-DG’s from Columbia LP’s. The pressing ring was usually set at 2.703125″, though I saw some with 2.6875″ or 2.7109375″.
As far as two-eye label variants, there were far more, for mono and stereo, than are shown here. The version seen on the copy of the Monk album (CS 9632) first appeared (with uncoated paper stock in warm red ink) in fall 1967, and switched to glossy paper (with Pantone 199 Red) at the very end of the year. The ‘® “Columbia”,’ and ‘Marcas Reg. Printed in U.S.A.’ as well as the “360 Sound’s” on that variant were all cribbed from the Columbia Masterworks label design. The walking eye at the bottom was a new addition. Anyone who’s seen mono LP pressings from 1967-68 will note that the ‘® “Columbia”, … ” rim print at bottom is positioned slightly differently from on the stereo label.
The “360 Sound” Mono two-eye on the Brubeck “Time In” LP was almost wholly cribbed from the Columbia Masterworks two-eye LP design, except for the positioning of the 360 Sounds and the rim print at bottom. That variant was used from early 1966 to about spring 1967.
The first two-eye design (on the later CL 1397 pressing, and also CS 8612), lasted from mid-1962 to about summer 1965. However, there were two variants of both “Guaranteed High Fidelity” (set here in Venus Medium, later replaced by mid-’63 with a smaller variant set in Copperplate Gothic Bold Condensed) and the “360 Sound” Stereo (first variant had no arrows, after mid-’63 the “360 Sound’s” were reduced in size and the arrows added on).
After the “Columbia Columbia” red/orange label was inaugurated c.June 1970, the two-eyes were consigned solely to deep-catalogue releases, with the last stereo labels used up by fall 1970 – and mono two-eyes continuing to be used well into the spring of 1972 (yes, 1972! – I have a pressing from that year of one of the 1956 issues of the Benny Goodman Carnegie Hall jazz concert, with the contours of the LP, plus the way one of the sides were cut that very much screams 1972, based on other mono LP’s I have from that year in my collection).
It should also be noted that there were typesetting differences on the label based on where pressed. The GL 503 (Black), CL 566 (red label/gold print), and CL 897 (six-eye mono DG) were all pressed in Bridgeport; CL 1397 (both six-eye mono CBS and two-eye GHF) were pressed in Pitman, NJ with Bridgeport typesetting, as was CL 2038 (two-eye WLP). CS 8575 (six-eye stereo CBS) and CS 8612 (two-eye black print 360 Sound Stereo) were both pressed in Terre Haute, IN, which (albeit with different fonts) also pressed the Columbia Special Products issue of JCL 1268. CL 2512 and CS 9632 were both Pitman pressings, or at the very least used Pitman type. As did PC 9451.
One factor on the sound quality of deep-catalogue issues deteriorating by the point of the “Columbia Columbia” label era, besides the use of umpteenth-generation tape dubs and multiple cuttings, was the change in cutting material, away from the Westrex 3A/B/C/D series of cutting heads (and Ortofon DSS 732), and replacing them with Neumann SX-68 cutterheads which, in the opinion of some, fit the newer rock music more than the “old stuff” like Brubeck’s “Time Out” or Miles’ “Kind of Blue.”
Joe L. on August 21, 2013 at 03:37 said:
Your insight and depth of knowledge is always much appreciated.
LondonJazzCollector on August 21, 2013 at 11:05 said:
WB, it is at this juncture we bow down and repeat “we are not worthy”.(Or as they say at the Complaints Department desk, “Thank you for bringing this to our attention”) More forensic stuff about fonts and printing, great! Thanks.
Eduard Linshalm on June 28, 2013 at 07:49 said:
Re: “2.3 Columbia Six-Eye Stereo US (1956) DG”
Not being an expert on Columia labels, I would like to know whether the six-eye STEREO label really dates back to1956. In my estimation, one of the first stereo DG six-eyes must have been CS 8072, Duke Ellington’s “Newport 1958” (in fact, studio recordings overdubbed with crowd noise and announcements from Newport) which was never released on CD, except for a mono version by Mosaic Records. In my knowledge, Columbia did not produce/issue any stereo LPs before 1959.
LondonJazzCollector on June 28, 2013 at 09:41 said:
No stereo in 1956, of course, quite right, bottom of the class LJC. The Six Eye logo ran from 1956 through to 1962, however there would not have been a stereo variation until such time as stereo was produced. I believe Columbia’s first commercial stereo release was in 1958 – Ray Conniff’s ‘S Awful Nice CS 8001, though I can’t say I have seen it personally. No doubt there were Columbia classical series Masterworks and Original cast/Soundtrack series in Stereo around then too. Let’s settle on 1958.
Oh yes… I forgot about those Ray Conniff records. “Broadway In Rhythm” must have appeared in the same year. And I forgot to mention: There was, of course, one CD re-issue of the Ellington LP. It was French, and it didn’t have the original cover art. I acquired the original stereo six-eye a short time ago, which runs for an unusual 30 minutes each side. Quite a technical achievement in those days, probably resulting in some loss on dynamics. Still sounds pretty good.
Whilst the stereo “six-eye” label debuted along with the stereo disc itself in 1958, the original, mono “six-eye” was actually first introduced in 1955. I’ve seen very first-pressings from that year (including 10″ LP’s) where the record shape was same as 78’s (before they sunk the playing area and raised the outer edge and label area).
As for the 1961-62 six-eye “CBS’s,” most mono six-eyes had the “CBS” set in Futura Medium, as opposed to Venus Medium as seen on the mono example 3.1; that latter font I have seen on virtually all stereo 1961-62 six-eyes as on 3.2.
singelsklubben on May 28, 2013 at 19:16 said:
It looks exactly like your photo of the label of the period, just with a deep groove. I can link you to a high res (ish) photo if you want to include it here on your blog.
Again, this blog has been tremendously helpful to me in identifying both releases that I have and sniffing out later reissues in my purchasing. Thanks so much for keeping this blog alive and well.
LondonJazzCollector on May 28, 2013 at 19:43 said:
Just tidied up the duplicate post, singelsklubben, all part of the service.
If its just a deep groove with no other material differences in the label, its not worth worrying about, I’ll just tweak the text – though thanks for the offer. Appreciated.
I’ve found a ’61-’62 Mono six eye CBS that DOES HAVE a deep groove. Albeit on a Marty Robbins record.
Unusual but not impossible – the deep groove pressing die was still around though on its way out. Could be a contract pressing, who knows. – what is the Matrix look like? Classic “Columbian” ?
Anthony on June 1, 2019 at 03:21 said:
I have a Mono six eye CBS also with deep groove. Duke Ellington – Blues in Orbit. Matrix / Runout (Side 1 stamped): XLP49301 2C
Matrix / Runout (Side 2 stamped): XLP49300 1D
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News + Opinion » Green Halifax
Westmount's infected trees
The west end's diseased trees are casting a shadow on the neighbourhood.
by Angelina Chapin
Sick leaves Local residents say they want more info about the Westmount tar-spot leaf problem.
Westmount looks like the perfect place to live. Kids frolic in the field behind St. Agnes School and neighbours greet each other by name. The neighbourhood has a unique design---front yards are the size of backyards---so people see more of each other.
There's just one problem and it's keeping Lois Beaton up at night: "They're all dried up," she says of the black-spotted leaves that litter her street. "I hear them rustling in the night. They sound like bones."
The Norwegian maple trees planted in Westmount are infected with a fungus. In district 14, the west end, infected trees are outside each house, shedding shrivelled up brown leaves. Pinhead-sized black spots appear in late May and spread to about one-and-a-half inches by late June. In July, they cause leaves to dry up and fall and by August or September, many of the maple branches are bare.
Some think the trees are dying, others say it's year three of a seven-year cycle.
Temporary supervisor of urban forestry for HRM, Constantinos Liolis, says the fungus is called tar spot, that the disease looks ugly and causes leaves to fall prematurely, though it won't kill the trees.
But for some residents, who have watched the problem worsen over the past three years, this information is nothing new. They want the city to help them find a solution.
John Swales watches the leaves fall earlier and become more spotted each summer. He first contacted John Simmons, supervisor for the HRM urban forestry department, in 2006. According to Swales's wife Valeria, who was home when Simmons came to the neighbourhood, the urban forester denied having heard of tar spots and said the trees weren't sick. Simmons was out of town and couldn't be reached for comment but Liolis, who is filling in his position, says he's noticed the problem in the last year.
Swales did some research of his own and found out tar spot is caused by the fungus Rhytisma. It's hard to get rid of because if infected leaves are left on the ground the fungus survives through the winter and is carried by the wind in the spring, spreading to other trees. He circulated this information to his neighbours, encouraging people to bag their leaves as soon as they fell.
This year, the leaves fell even earlier: August instead of September. Councillor Sheila Fougere lives a few blocks from Westmount and noticed the problem get worse, spreading to Point Pleasant Park and the north end of Halifax. She's asked HRM to issue public service announcements about tar spot for the past two years and has also asked public works staff about plans for a more intensive leaf clean-up, but she has yet to hear back.
Liolis says the city is doing its part to inform residents about the fungus. He says last year the urban forestry department was about to issue a press release when TheChronicle Herald wrote an article about a tar-spot outbreak in Bridgewater. Liolis answered questions from concerned callers and referred them to the article for more information. He says the way to get rid of the tar is to bag all leaves, since one leaf left on the ground could contaminate an entire tree.
Liolis adds that though there is no formal plan to tackle the problem, HRM does a fall clean-up of the city each year, where staff collect as many leaves as possible on public property before the snow falls and take them to a compost facility. He says residents should rake those that fall on private property and bag or compost them because the disease won't spread to other trees unless it's picked up by the wind.
"There's no cause for panic," he says, adding the spreading of tar spots depends on the weather---a cool and damp spring are the optimal conditions. "If everyone does their bit the problem should be kept at bay."
Westmount resident Danny Almond, who's lived there for more than 30 years, still wants more information. "We're told to clean up leaves for the city to collect, but we don't know how they're being dealt with or what happens to them in the compost."
Another long-time Westmount resident, Perry Wournell, says knowing the trees will survive isn't enough.
"Even if they don't die, what's a tree without its leaves?" he asks. "We want to know whether there's a contingency plan in place. We don't want to just sit on our hands watching the leaves fall."
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Home / mabuty.com / Beliefs / Socrates – Philosophy Essay
Socrates – Philosophy Essay
cause world
death Socrates
Plato Theory
this kind
Plato was a popular wrestler, and the name with which we know him today was his ring name.
Avenirse means wide or toned: presumably in this case the former meaning, referring to his shoulder. By his birth in 429 B. C. Plato was given the name Aristocles. He was born in Athens, or on the island of Aegina, which will lies just twelve mls offshores via Athens in the Saronic Gulf. Plato was developed into one with the great political families of Athens.
His daddy Ariston was descended coming from Codrus, the last kin Athens, and his mom was originated from the superb Athenian legislator Solon (Sahakian, 1977). A great eager college student of idea under the advice of Socrates., Plato started to be thoroughthly knowledgeable about the complex problems in the discipline trained his very own students the importance of philosophical examination of every moral and personal opinion. In his Seventh Notice, Plato describes that in the youth this individual entertained the hope of entering upon a politics career when he came up of age, but the abuses perpetrated by the 30 Tyrants and death of Socrates aborted this aspiration.
It was thought that Avenirse was 20 or so when he achieved Socrates and remained his faithful student not only throughout the lifetime nevertheless also following your death of Socrates. For many years a Socrates’ death, Plato was committed to refining and extending the Socratic principles and defending the Socratic approach to inquiry against criticism. To the end of his lifestyle, Plato continued to be in completed agreement with all the essential heart of Socrates, vindicating Socrates’ memory and perpetuating his mission( Pendant, 2009). This fearful item of political plot and spitefulness left a great indelible impression upon the young man’s mind.
No person could extended maintain his independence and integrity within the framework of party politics. It is from this time forward that Escenario finally looked to a life devoted to viewpoint. Plato’s close association with Socrates spots him in a dangerous situation, and he was forced to take away himself coming from Athens intended for his individual good.
Thus begins his travels, that have been to last for the next twelve years. After learning every he could at the toes of his master, he’d now learn from the world. Bandeja travel all over the world, learning and educating his self being a philosopher. It was just before Avenirse turned fourty that he undertook his travels to Italy and Sicily. One particular purpose with this sojourn was to discuss things with science tecnistions and statesman, Arthytas, a Pythagorean who have inspired Plato’s founding from the Academy, a new concept pertaining to an educational center.
It absolutely was on his return to Athens by Egypt in 395 B. C. that Plato purchased a piece of land only beyond metropolis limits and establishes the world’s first University, called the Senior high. The Academy’s primary goal was to teach citizens pertaining to statesmanship. Plato, like Socrates, received zero fee pertaining to teaching, but unlike Socrates, he did not go into the market to teach; alternatively he remained aloof via active life of the town and let the learners come to him.
Escenario delivered classes on special event both to an elite group and to a wider audience- for example , Bandeja lectured around the good employing Socratic Approach wherever possible. The Academy, named the “University of Athens”, firmly established in the Platonic tradition, endured continuously for nearly nine hundreds of years (Sahakian, 36). The Central feature of Plato’s philosophy is his Theory of Ideas (or Forms), which in turn he continuing to develop all his existence. This means that Plato’s theory has come down to us in several different versions, hence providing philosophers with adequate material to dispute over for hundreds of years to come.
The best reason of Plato’s theory of Ideas can be his very own. Unfortunately Plato’s explanation will come in the form of an image, which usually places it in the realm of literature instead of philosophy, “Plato explains that most human beings live as if in a dim give. We are chained, he says, and facing a empty wall, having a fire in our back. All we see are flickering shadows playing across the cave wall, and this we take being reality.
As long as we discover how to turn away in the wall plus the shadows, and escape in the cave, can we hope to start to see the true light of truth. ” In more philosophical conditions, Plato thought that anything we identified around us- the shoes and ships and sealing wax, and cabbages and kings, of everyday experience- is merely appearance (Durant, 2009). The true the fact is the realm of suggestions or forms from which this kind of appearance comes. Thus a specific black horse can be said to derive the appearance through the universal type of a horse and from your universal kind of a horse and from the ideal of blackness.
The physical planets we understand with the detects is in a continual state of change. In comparison, the universal realm of ideas, which can be perceived by mind, is usually unchanging and eternal. Every form-such since that of roundness, man, color, beauty, and so forth- is similar to pattern for particular objects of the world. But the particular objects are only imperfect, ever-changing replications of these common ideas.
With all the rational use of the mind we are able to refine our notions of those universal concepts and begin to apprehend all of them better. In this way we can approach the ultimate fact of sunlight which is placed beyond the dim give of our everyday world (Bertrand, 1997). Plato’s theory of creation, for example, fits quickly into Judeo-Christian version. In accordance to Avenirse: “The daddy and creator made a moving living creature in image of the eternal gods. When he noticed this animal he was stuffed with joy and decided to help to make it a lot more like their original.
Due to the fact that this original was eternal, he endeavored to help make the universe endless, as far as devoured to make the galaxy eternal, so far as this could be performed. So he made a going image of eternity. When he presented the heavens he made this kind of image everlasting but moving, in accord with numbers- distinct coming from eternity what kind and others (Durant, 2009). It is important function in the viewpoint Plato, thinking about Good is not sharply delineated; at least, it is not as circumscribed as we ought to like to get it.
Good is the cause of the world of existence is definitely one of uses; hence very good is not only the etiological cause of the world’s coming into being but also the purpose due to the existence, the goal toward which all things tend. Consequently, Plato offers presented a teleological cosmology: the true reason behind the ensemble being purpose, the phenomenal material within it being actively motivated, and purpose becoming the Ideal of Good. Moreover, the systemic unity accounting to get phenomena working together in a harmonious relationship and for the unity of substance is the Idea of the favorable.
The Good is a ultimate and highest speculation, and is also beyond being hypothesized, intended for the soul ascends above and beyond hypotheses towards the Ideal great. Everything the exists, exists for some great purpose, namely, the Idea of the Good, which is the greatest purpose. Kind a teleological rather than a logical standpoint.
For Plato a persons soul contains three distinct elements, the rational element strove pertaining to wisdom, the active heart sought cure and distinction, and the appetites craved satisfaction. The righteous man is definitely governed by reason, although all three factors have their part to play. We could not continue without rewarding our appetites, just as the complete state will grind to halt if the personnel gave up functioning and enjoying a great night, and instead attempted to become philosophers.
The point is that righteousness could be achieved only when each of the 3 elements of the soul is fulfilling its function-much because justice can be achieved inside the stated only if each of the three social elements is satisfying its position in society. By far the most exciting of Plato’s dialogues is a Symposium, which can be devoted to a discussion of love in the various indications. The ancient Greeks weren’t prudish regarding erotic like, and the section where Alcibiades describes his homosexual take pleasure in for Socrates ensured that this book might later end up being widely suppressed-becoming the original subterranean classic in the cellars of medieval monasteries. Plato’s thought on take pleasure in was to possess a outstanding influence.
They will crop up in the notion of courtly appreciate, so popular while using troubadour poets of the early middle Ages. Some even see in Plato’s knowledge of eros a beginning blueprint for the more lurid sexual fantasies of Freud. Today the notion of platonic love has been debased to the point where this describes a extinct form of attraction between your sexes. Possibly Plato’s Theory of Tips, intended to lead us towards the mystical pressure of natural beauty, truth, and Goodness, and has now recently been stripped of much of its ethereal grandeur. At the age of eighty-one Plato died and was buried inside the Academy.
Regardless of the unlikelihood of his viewpoint, many of its assumptions still linger within our attitude toward the world. Plus the abjection based on his name continue to be describe an increasingly unlikely type of love, which touchingly echoes his Theory of Concepts. Plato’s Senior high was blossom in Athens until it was finally sealed by the Chief Justinian in 529 A. D., in his attempt to curb pagan Hellenistic culture in support of Christianity. Besides his listenings, there endure some letters of Avenirse, mainly to his friends in Syracuse.
These Useful as famous documents tend to be other sensible of zero special philosophic interest (Sahakian, 1977). The influence of Plato on philosophy might be greater than regarding any other gentleman. The inheritor of Socrates and the pre-Socratic’s, the owner of the School and Aristotle’s teacher, Escenario stands at the centre of philosophic thought. It is this kind of, no doubt, that leads physic, but the one and only metaphysics.
References Bertrand, Russell. Knowledge of the Western world, Crescent Books, 1997, pg. 58-60. Sahakian, William. Bandeja. A Label of G. T. Hall& Company., Boston, (1977). Durant, Is going to.
The Story of Philosophy: The lives and Opinions in the Great Philosophers of the Western World, Simon and Schuster, 2009.
Philosophy: Dialogue with Socrates Essay
Metaphysics Is the Branch of Philosophy Essay
Personal philosophy of success Essay
Political Philosophy and Individualism Essay
Essay Topic: Essay, Philosophy, Socrates, This kind,
Category: Beliefs,
Organization and commercial
Personal concerns
Religion and spiritual techniques
Cellular material
Blowing wind
‘King Lear
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Thrushcross Grange
Beautifully constructed
Mister Birling
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by Daeren
Part 29: Fucking Buddhists, How Do They Work?: A Look Into The Metric Ton Of Symbolism In Breath Of Fire IV
Fucking Buddhists, How Do They Work?: A Look Into The Metric Ton Of Symbolism In Breath Of Fire IV
Before I begin, I want to say that a ton of this is inspired and derived from the information I stumbled upon posted by one "windigofer" on the dragon-tear.net forums while looking up information about the game, with some extra stuff filled in the blanks by my own extrapolations. If you ever come across this, Mr/Mrs windigofer, let it be known you are crazy awesome for opening my eyes to all of this and feel free to hop in on this discussion if you have/get a SomethingAwful account.
Another disclaimer: I am not a Buddhist, Taoist, Shintoist, Korean shaman, or any other religion this stuff gets its inspiration from, so if I bungle any information I present blame it on the fact that I'm very, very white I haven't been exposed to this information beyond what I've researched about it out of idle curiosity. Feel free to correct my dumb ass if I flub anything. With that out of the way, let's get started with the biggest goldmines of symbolism in the entire game: Fou-Lu, Ryu, and the dragons.
Fou-Lu's outfit alone is stuffed full of more symbolism and meaningful imagery than a David Lynch movie. Well, maybe not that much, but it's still a lot. The scowling belt buckle and lightning bolts on his arms and legs are references to the Bodhisattva Vajrapani, the manifestation of the power of the Buddha. The symbol on his chest is a Siddham script version of Aum/Om, that thing you always hear stereotypical Buddhist monks chanting in pretty much everything. It's a sacred syllable that represents God or divinity, and is comprised of A, U, and M (sometimes Un), phonemes representing Birth, Life, and Death. The back symbol, as you can see, was made by combining the Bangla script version of Aum with a yin-yang Taijitu and two dragons.
Fou-Lu's name and his guardians continue this. Apparently, Fou-Lu can translate to Guardian Tiger in some dialects of Chinese, and tigers are often seen as guardian beasts for Buddhist temples. We've already seen Won-Qu, his loyal Foo Lion. It's not too much of a spoiler to say he's got another one we have yet to meet, A-Tur. Traditionally, the two guardian lions are male and female, are paired with one snarling and one with an closed mouth. One is letting out/breathing in the A, and the other is humming out the Un.
A, Un. A-Tur, Won-Qu. Life and death. Won-Qu is present at the tomb of his master to oversee his rebirth, while A-Tur will appear at a place of life and a time of death. WHEELS WITHIN WHEELS!
Speaking of wheels, that's part of the symbolism here too. Oh, you don't believe me?
This is the art behind the menu screens. Take a close look at it. See those ship wheel looking things? Possible references to The Dharma Wheel, a symbol of The Noble Eightfold Path to Enlightenment the Buddha taught. I'm not kidding, this game is dense with symbolism.
Let's segue to Ryu, shall we? There is a BOATLOAD of A-Un/Yin-Yang/Light-Dark/Red Oni-Blue Oni/Whatever symbolism between Ryu and Fou-Lu. Let's list some off!
-Ryu was discovered in the broiling heat of the arid desert at high noon in the East. The traditional guardian animal of the East is Seiryu, a blue dragon. He represents Yang/A/Light/the Red Oni (his hybrid is even red!).
-Fou-Lu awakened in the dead of night in the lush, damp forest of the West. Guardian animal of the west? Byakko the WHITE-HAIRED TIGER. Double bonus points for the tiger motif as Vajrapani, already referenced by Fou-Lu's attire also has a loincloth made of a tiger. He represents Yin/Un/Dark/the Blue Oni (his hybrid is even blue!).
-Ryu's personality in the manga is fleshed out further to make this symbolism even more blatant. He's a bit of a moron, very hot-blooded and brash, but capable of being sensitive and deeply emotional. If you threaten his friends, your ass is grass.
-Fou-Lu, meanwhile, is cold, more detached, intellectual, ruthless, and doesn't quite understand people. As the story progresses, both Ryu and Fou-Lu start demonstrating traits, both good and bad, of the other, representing their slow re-acquaintance of balance.
Ryu and Fou-Lu together represent the Yorae Dragon. The Yorae Dragon's concept, and even its name, are a giant flashing SYMBOLISM sign. You see, the word "Yorae" is apparently a Korean form of Bodhisattva, while the Japanese name, Arukai No Ryuu, translates to "Arhat Dragon." Arhat is another word for Bodhisattva. The Yorae Dragon isn't just any Bodhisattva though, it's "The Dragon of the Future." Swap Dragon for Buddha, and you have "The Buddha of the Future," a term for Maitreya, the Buddha who will come to teach the true Dharma once all knowledge of Buddhism is lost, thus creating the new Age.
Yes, the Yorae Dragon is a big, scaly Buddha with laser beams.
Moving away from that for a moment, let's discuss one of the more initially inexplicable things about the English translation: the mass Koreanizations. Fans have discovered this may have been done to call attention to a lot of Korean symbolism in the game, which is very rare in a Japanese game.
Korean dragons have a few similarities with those in this game, such as very heavy ties to fate, the flow of the world, and the elements. Korean shamanism also speaks of tribes descended from animal-gods, which is pretty much exactly where all the animal people came from in the world of BoF4. They also have a long tradition of summoning spirits, ancestors, and gods to the world and hosting them within their own bodies. Traditionally, the summoners are female.
Gee, that sounds familiar, doesn't it?
The final grand slam of unifying Korean symbolism is the mention in the artbook that the circumstances of Fou-Lu's summoning involved a previous empire waning and devolving into civil war. The ruler of that empire came up with a plan to summon a god and have it unify the empire under its heading. Thus did they summon Fou-Lu and give him his task of unifying the Empire and making peace and happiness among the people. Fou-Lu proceeded to overthrow the old empire and create the Fou Empire, with himself as the ruler. However, the effort, combined with strikes from the East and the beginnings of the nearly endless wars between them, exhausted him, as he was not whole, and he fell into slumber.
The name of the old empire was the Muuru Empire. Muuru is a Japanese way of reading a Korean word for dragon, mireu. Wheels. Within. Wheels.
Other, Miscellaneous Symbolic Things:
-The First Emperor, the song that plays when Fou-Lu awakens and when he murders Soniel, is based on Confucian-era court music. His tomb and parts of the capital city also have overtly Qin Dynasty elements to the architecture.
-Yohm's personality, hand mudras, and outfit have elements of a syncretic Buddhist practitioner of the esoteric arts. In English, think of a sorcerer who poses as a holy man.
-Lord Yuna's outfit is a nip and tuck away from pretty much exactly being a Taoist priest's.
-The presence of paper seals in some areas, like the Causeway, is another Taoist/Shinto influence.
-The Woren have very Native American themes within them, such as the nomadic nature and the fact that the women have a lot of power in the society.
-A and Un are often said to represent the Alpha and Omega, the Beginning and the End, to explain them to Western audiences. What's the name of this game's main theme? Endings and Beginnings.
This should give you guys an idea of the astounding amounts of symbolism in this freaking game. I don't think anybody has ever compiled a complete list, nor will they ever be able to. Keep in mind this is only a reference of stuff we've seen, we still have half a game's worth of content to cover. I'll try to point out symbolic references as I can, but I'm probably going to miss way, way more than I see.
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Pianist David Greilsammer Plays a Brave, Impactful Program in an Uptown Crypt
Pianist David Greilsammer addressed an intimate Harlem crowd last night with the utmost seriousness. He took care to explain that he typically never introduces the music on the bill since he wants it to speak for itself.
But this was an unusual program. He pondered the viability of playing organ or harpsichord works on the piano. He addressed the need to reaffirm classical music’s relevance, to be true to how historically radical and transgressive much of it is. Perhaps most importantly, he asserted, a performer ought to put his or her heart and soul into the music rather than maintaining a chilly distance.
That close emotional attunement came into vivid focus with the uneasy, insistent poignancy and emphatic/lingering contrasts of Janacek’s suite On the Overgrown Path, which Greilsammer interpolated within segments of works by Froberger, Mozart, C.P.E. Bach, Jean-Fery Rebel and a moodily dynamic world premiere by Ofer Pelz. Greilsammer averred that he’d been inspired to do this by a nightmare where he found himself stuck in a labyrinth.
Was this shtick? He considered that question too. As he saw it, that’s a judgment call. Mashing up segments of various composers’ works isn’t a new concept, but it is a minefield. An ensemble at a major New York concert space took a stab at a similar program last year and failed, epically. By the audience reaction – a standing ovation in the rich, reverberating sonics of the crypt at the Church of the Intercession – Greilsammer earned a hard victory.
Just the idea of trying to wrangle less-than-awkward segues between the baroque and the modern sends up a big red flag. But Greilsammer pulled it off! At about the midpoint of Janacek’s surreal, disorienting nightmare gallery walk, there’s a wrathful, exasperated low-lefthand storm, and Greilsammer didn’t hold back. Likewise, Froberger’s notes to the performer are to deliver the stately grace of his Tombstone suite with as much rubato as possible, and the pianist did exactly that, with a similar if vastly more subtle wallop.
That piece bridged the gap to thoughtful, purposeful, considered takes of the unfolding layers of Mozart’s Fantasy in C Minor and C.P.E. Bach’s Fantasy in F Sharp Minor. The Pelz premiere made an ominously lustrous centerpiece. It was only at the end, where each coda took its turn, that the feel of dominoes falling away crept in: maybe next time, one coda would be enough, considering how decisively each of these pieces ends. Thematically, it all made sense, pulling bits and pieces of one’s life together on a long, tortuous path that finally reached a triumphant clearing.
The concert’s organizers’ url is http://www.deathofclassical.com (they’re held in a church crypt, get it?). There’s also food and wine, a very generous supply, at these shows, conceived to dovetail with the music. A firecracker 2014 Galil Mountain Viognier, from Galilee, with its sparkle on the tongue and lingering scorched-butter burn at the end, was the highlight. An impressively diverse date-night crowd seemed as content with it as they were with the music.
September 28, 2017 Posted by delarue | classical music, concert, Live Events, Music, music, concert, New York City, review, Reviews | 21st century music, classical music, concert, concert review, cpe bach, David Greilsammer, David Greilsammer crypt, David Greilsammer crypt review, David Greilsammer review, death of classical, froberger, janacek, mozart, Music, music review, new music, ofer pelz, piano music | Leave a comment
A Raptly Thematic Lincoln Center Concert by All-Star Choir Cantus
One of Minnesota-based all-male choir Cantus‘ signature traits is theme programs. As one concertgoer put it, they can get a lot wilder than they were Sunday at Lincoln Center. Then again, this program was part of the spiritually-themed White Light Festival, continuing here through November 11. There are plenty of groups who mine the standard Renaissance repertoire, some who specialize in rediscovering treasures from that era, but Cantus are just as likely to juxtapose the ancient with the most current and make it all flow together seamlessly, and in that respect this was a characteristic performance.
They began with a precise, pulsing, even bouncy take of a twelfth century Perotinus piece, then a more traditional, somberly contemplative one by Josquin Des Prez. With its intricately echoing counterpoint, Randall Tompson’s 1940 Alleluia made a good segue, especially when the group hit an unexpectedly celebratory peak right before the end. In a way, it brought the early part of the concert full circle.
Jumping ahead sixty years to a lush, ambered take of Eric Whitacre’s aptly titled Lux Aurumque, they followed that with a bucolic 1942 nocturne by Swedish composer Hugo Alfven. Negotiating the tricky metrics, sudden dynamic shifts and otherworldly close harmonies of a diptych by Estonian composer Veljo Tormis was no easy task, but the group made it look almost easy. In a choir, the individuals on the low and the top end always end up standing out, and this group was no exception, basses Chris Foss and Samuel Green paired against tenors Paul John Rudoi, Shahzore Shah, Aaron Humble and Blake Morgan. But the midrange benefited especially from the efforts of tenor Zachary Colby and baritone Matthew Goinz; Matthew Tintes, in particular, showed off an unexpectedly far-reaching range for a baritone.
From there they moved through brief works celebrating the comfort of home, or home country, via works by Sibelius, Dvorak, Janacek and Kodaly – the latter being the Hungarian national song, more or less, awash in a warmly consonant harmony that hardly seemed possible, from someone with such a thorny repertoire. It was music to get lost in. The group closed on a much more acerbic note, maybe as to draw the crowd out of their dream state, with a 2006 diptych by Edie Hill and encored by going deep into the 19th century hymnal. Cantus’ current tour continues onward: the next stop along the way is November 13 at 7 PM at Central Christian Center, 5th & Virginia in Joplin, Missouri.
November 4, 2014 Posted by delarue | avant garde music, classical music, concert, Live Events, Music, music, concert, New York City, review, Reviews | 20th century music, 21st century music, Aaron Humble, avant-garde music, Blake Morgan singer, cantus choir, cantus ensemble, cantus lincoln center, cantus lincoln center review, cantus review, choral music, chris foss singer, classical music, concert, concert review, dvorak, early music, eric whitacre, hugo alfven, janacek, Josquin des Prez, kodaly, matthew goinz, Matthew Tintes, Music, music review, new music, Paul John Rudoi, perotinus, renaissance music, samuel green singer, Shahzore Shah, sibelius, veljo tormis | Leave a comment
Christopher O’Riley and Matt Haimovitz Connect the Unexpected
If you listen to NPR or watch PBS, this is old news, so here’s to all of you who’ve made the switch from the small screen to an even smaller one and might not have noticed that pianist Christopher O’Riley and adventurous cello virtuoso Matt Haimovitz have a new album out. It’s titled Shuffle. Play. Listen., and they’ll be touring it next year, with a stop at Manhattan’s Highline Ballroom on Jan 22. Pianist O’Riley, host of the NPR/PBS program From the Top, is no stranger to making neoromantic instrumental albums out of rock and pop songs: this double cd makes three in a row. It’s a lively and often exquisitely good duo performance, simply the best thing O’Riley’s ever put his hands on.
To succeed with a music show, you ought to know something about connections, which is what the first cd is all about. Who knew how much Bernard Herrmann’s classic soundtrack to the equally classic Hitchcock film Vertigo had in common with works by Stravinsky, Janacek or Martinu? This guy, obviously. To make those commonalities crystal-clear, imaginatively potent new arrangements of parts of the Herrmann score are interwoven between the other pieces, a concept that might seem preposterous but works brilliantly. Haimovitz gets most if not all of the juiciest parts, perhaps logically since Herrmann’s score was heavy on the strings, and also because O’Riley has the good sense to stay within himself. His playing is distinguished by smartly thought-out dynamics, pacing and elegantly terse embellishments rather than pyrotechnics.
The first cd opens on a deliciously macabre note with Prelude from the Vertigo Suite, done here as a creepy waltz with artful, unexpected cello/piano overlays. The duo follow that with Leos Janacek’s Fairy Tale, which follows a similar trajectory: after the minimalistic first movement (with some striking, Kayhan Kalhor-style echo effects from Haimovitz), it grows more wary and winds up with an understated menace. The nightmare scene from Vertigo follows, impressively understated with its agitated cello flurries. Martinu’s Variations on a Slavic Folk Song makes an unexpected but rock-solid segue, growing from stark to forceful, with a suspenseful edge very similar to Herrmann’s.
They segue back to the Vertigo Suite for the hypnotic Carlotta’s Portrait, then take a detour for a new arrangement of Stravinsky’s Suite Italienne, its highlights being the sad waltz that precedes the dynamically-charged, surprisingly quiet Aria and then the Tarantella, which pushes the limits of how far and how fast O’Riley can go. The Scotty Tracks Madeline scene from the film gorgeously juxtaposes longing with blitheness and a rapt upper-register duo between Haimovitz – who can get tones out of his cello that no one else can – and O’Riley. From there, a spirited take on Piazzolla’s Grand Tango – with each instrumentalist assigned to cover a little of the ground that Piazzolla’s bandoneon did on the original – is spot-on. The disc concludes with the thinly disguised, mournful minuet that serves as the film’s love theme.
The second cd reverts to the random vibe of O’Riley’s two other classical-rock piano albums, with generally good results. There’s a marvelously successful instrumental version of Radiohead’s Pyramid Song, right down to the cello winkingly spinning off a fade or a psychedelic riff straight off the record as O’Reilly rubatos the piano with just the right touch of suspenseful anticipation. And that band’s Weird Fishes/Arpeggi gets a graceful, circular indie classical treatment, focusing on its subtle counterpoint, as does the almost unrecognizable version of A Perfect Circle’s Three Libras. A couple of Cocteau Twins tunes reach for a slightly less hypnotic atmosphere than the originals, while two Blonde Redhead tunes – Misery Is a Butterfly and Melody – run richly memorable hooks over and over for an approach that builds toward grand guignol. There are also two John McLaughlin compositions here – Dance of Maya, whose austere acidicism doesn’t stop it from matching up well with Herrmann as it morphs into a bitterly bluesy minor-key romp, and A Lotus in the Back Seat, done as Ravel might have orchestrated it.
Another Cocteau Twins track, the lightweight Heaven or Las Vegas, isn’t as well-suited to this kind of serioso treatment as the other tracks are, and the derivative faux-baroquisms of the first movement of the Stravinsky make for two minutes of what-are-we-doing-here. And as far as the two Arcade Fire covers here are concerned, the two players take an energetic stab at elevating them to Herrmann-ish grandeur, but ultimately, garbage in, garbage out: Arcade Fire is a boring band. But those are only small complaints about an otherwise mammothly successful effort. O’Riley also has a very cool, gospel-flavored free download available, Time of My Time inspired by Kris Saknussemm’s recent novel Reverend America.
December 15, 2011 Posted by delarue | classical music, Music, music, concert, review, Reviews, rock music | a perfect circle, album review, alfred hitchcock, alfred hitchcock soundtrack, arcade fire, art-rock, bernard herrmann, blonde redhead, chamber pop, chamber rock, christopher o'riley, christopher o'riley matt haimovitz, christopher o'riley matt haimovitz shuffle play listen, christopher o'riley matt haimovitz shuffle play listen review, christopher o'riley review, classical covers of rock songs, classical music, classical versions of rock songs, cocteau twins, from the top npr, from the top pbs, indie classical, janacek, kayhan kalhor, martinu, matt haimovitz, matt haimovitz review, Music, music review, orchestrated rock, orchestrated rock songs, radiohead, radiohead cover, stravinsky, symphonic rock | 2 Comments
ECCO Resounds Intensely on the Upper West Side
Lately we’ve been scoping out little-known neighborhood enclaves for first-class live music. Music Mondays is not one of them. Despite temperatures in the teens last night, the church at 93rd St. and Broadway quickly filled to standing-room capacity, testament to the popularity and vitality of this ongoing monthly series. Sixteen-piece string ensemble the East Coast Chamber Orchestra, a.k.a. ECCO rewarded the house full of brave souls with a genuinely transcendent, unflinchingly direct, rawly emotional performance.
The conductorless group opened with a warmly nocturnal take of Janacek’s Suite for String Orchestra. Within its comfortably glimmering cantabile and cirrus-cloud atmospherics, they focused on wistfulness and wariness, notably in the song without words that comprises its first adagio movement, and the searching overture that brought it up to end on a hopeful note. They followed with a performance of Shostakovich’s Sinfonia, Op. 110, based on his String Quartet No. 8, which literally stunned the crowd. Composed three years after his elegaic Eleventh Symphony, like so much of Shostakovich’s post-Stalin era work, it’s a requiem. From the quietly stumbling anguish of the opening solo violin figure, the ensemble left no doubt as to how harrowing this would get, as much a homage to those who managed to survive Stalin’s years of terror as to those who didn’t. Like the Eleventh Symphony, its opening funeral scene is interrupted by a series of salvos and a crushing stampede, contrasting mightily with the suspensefully macabre, carnivalesque dance that follows. This interpretation let the composer’s depiction of complete emotional depletion speak for itself, through the whispery, exhausted anguish of the concluding atmospherics, solo violin or cello rising just to the point of serving as witness to unspeakable evil. The audience – an impressively knowledgeable bunch, from all appearances – didn’t know what hit them.
The rest of the program was anticlimactic, but not by much. Mendelssohn’s Sinfonia No. 10 in B Minor essentially pairs off two themes, a mostly breezy waltz versus darker martial shades, the group emphasizing the latter. They closed with another real stunner, Ginastera’s Concerto Por Corde, Op. 33. Like the Shostakovich that preceded it, this has long, stampeding passages, except that these don’t let up – and like Shostakovich, there’s considerable angst, here finally rising to a scream as the piece wound up after several false endings. To say that this was a workout for the musicians is quite an understatement: they played as if it was the triumphant marathon (albeit a bitter one) for which they’d been feverishly training. For a group that typically limits itself to a few performances per year since all the members have busy careers as soloists and with other ensembles, they displayed a remarkable singlemindedness.
The next concert in the Music Mondays series is February 21 at 7:30 PM featuring the Enso Quartet at the multipurpose, multicommunity church at 93rd and Broadway: early arrival is very strongly advised.
January 25, 2011 Posted by delarue | classical music, concert, Live Events, Music, music, concert, New York City, review, Reviews | chamber music, chamber orchestra, chamber symphony, classical music, classical music upper west side nyc, concert, concert review, east coast chamber orchestra, east coast chamber orchestra review, ecco concert review, ecco ensemble, ecco orchestra, ecco review, ginastera, janacek, mendelssohn, Music, music mondays, music review, orchestral music, shostakovich, string ensemble, symphonic music | Leave a comment
Concert Review: David Kalhous Plays Scarlatti, Beethoven, Janacek and Schumann at Bargemusic, Brooklyn NY 2/7/09
Saturday at Bargemusic, Prague-educated pianist David Kalhous delivered a program whose stylistic diversity was matched by its surprises. The two Scarlatti sonatas that opened the program were a study in contrast, major and then minor, both performed with the requisite agile counterpoint. Next on the bill was Beethoven’s Six Variations in F, Op.34, which you know even if you don’t recognize it – it’s been a fixture of dinnertime classical music programming for, well, centuries, if you count parts of two of them. It’s not deep, in fact there’s a smug self-satisfaction to it. But it goes well with wine, and it’s fun to play, and there are passages, particularly the nocturne that opens the suite and then recurs at the end of the final movement where a player can stretch out and even get a little rubato and no one will be the wiser. Kalhous played it like he couldn’t wait to get it over with, metronomic, way too fast, absent any meaningful dynamics. One can only wonder why he chose it in the first place.
By contrast, his take on the three parts of Janacek’s In The Mists was masterful, intense, passionate and spot-on – perhaps he’s a performer who needs something substantial to bring out everything he can deliver. From the only slightly restrained macabre of the opening Andante, through the eerie cascades of the Andantino and then the somewhat mistitled, suspenseful Presto, Kalhous illuminated it with every veiled shade of menace he could conjure. He closed on an only slightly lighter note with Schumann’s Symphonic Etudes, all twelve variations. While these were written as exercises, they build somewhat bitterly and dramatically. And with their constant, insistent, fast staccato passages, they’re not easy to play. Kalhous tackled them with a resoundingly successful, cool confidence. He’s a talent you should see, especially if the program has an edge to it.
February 7, 2009 Posted by delarue | Live Events, Music, music, concert, New York City, review, Reviews | beethoven, classical music, david kalhous, janacek, Music, piano music, review, scarlatti, schumann | Leave a comment
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EuropeEurope.Portal
German coronavirus restrictions having effect, but no all-clear yet
The measures introduced by Germany to contain the spread of the novel coronavirus are having a measurable effect, but it is too early for an all-clear, the government agency for disease control and prevention said on Friday.
Bisera Altiparmakova 3 April 2020 16:23
Berlin, 3 April 2020 (dpa/MIA) – The measures introduced by Germany to contain the spread of the novel coronavirus are having a measurable effect, but it is too early for an all-clear, the government agency for disease control and prevention said on Friday.
For a few days now, a person infected with the new coronavirus in Germany has, on average, been infecting only one other person, according to the Robert Koch Institute (RKI). In previous weeks, that number had been at five, sometimes even seven.
But the new data does not yet justify an all-clear, RKI president Lothar Wieler said: only once an infected person on average infects less than one other person will the epidemic slowly ease.
“We have to get under one. I hope this will happen in the coming days,” Wieler said, stressing the importance of people continuing to comply with social distancing and hygiene rules.
By Friday morning, more than 80,500 infections and at least 1,022 deaths had been reported in Germany, according to a dpa tally based on state data.
German Chancellor Angela Merkel returned to her office on Friday after spending two weeks in home quarantine, due to a contact she had with a doctor who then tested positive for the highly contagious virus. She tested negative three times.
Bavaria is among the country’s worst-affected states, with more than 19,100 confirmed cases and at least 277 deaths.
There appears to be an improvement in the southern state too, Bavarian premier Markus Soeder said on Friday. It now takes more than six days for its number of infections to double, up from two and a half days before Bavaria shut down its schools.
The German government has ordered all citizens to stay at home when possible and stick to social-distancing rules in public in order to slow the spread of the coronavirus. Officials will on Monday discuss the possibility of introducing further anti-coronavirus measures, including more border controls and a quarantine obligation for all people arriving on flights, according to a report by the Spiegel news magazine.
Interior Minister Horst Seehofer has been thinking for some time about whether it would make sense to introduce controls on all of Germany’s borders, but there is no government consensus on this yet, sources told dpa.
Germany has had restrictions on its borders with Austria, France, Switzerland, Luxembourg and Denmark since mid-March. The country also borders the Netherlands, Belgium, the Czech Republic and Poland.
Currently, 20,000 foreigners are coming into Germany every day and could potentially bring the coronavirus with them, according to the Interior Ministry.
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Announcement of launching investment opportunities to develop three beach resorts in Qatar in a partnership between the public and private sectors
MOTC Achieves “ISO 270001” Certificate in the Field of Information Security
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Home /UAE President sends note to Uzbek President.
CultureMay 8, 2018
UAE President sends note to Uzbek President.
President His Highness Sheikh Khalifa bin Zayed Al Nahyan has sent a written message to President Shavkat Mirziyoyev of Uzbekistan, concerning the friendly relations between the UAE and Uzbekistan and ways of enhancing and developing them to serve their common interest. The message included an invitation to the Uzbek President to visit the country.
During his official visit to Tashkent, H.H. Sheikh Mansour bin Zayed Al Nahyan, Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Presidential Affairs delivered the letter to President Mirziyoyev.
Sheikh Mansour conveyed the greetings of President His Highness Sheikh Khalifa and His Highness Sheikh Mohamed bin Zayed Al Nahyan, Crown Prince of Abu Dhabi and Deputy Supreme Commander of the UAE Armed Forces, to the Uzbek President and people of Uzbekistan and wished them more progress and prosperity.
In turn, President Mirziyoyev welcomed Sheikh Mansour's visit, expressing his hope that the visit will contribute to the development of cooperation relations between both countries and enhance them to serve the aspirations of the two friendly peoples.
Sheikh Mansour emphasised the two countries' keenness to strengthen relations and boost them across various fields. The two sides also reviewed a number of regional and international issues of common concern.
The meeting was attended by Suhail bin Mohammed Faraj Faris Al Mazrouei, Minister of Energy and Industry, Mohammed bin Thani Al Rumaithi, Chairman of the UAE Federation of Chambers of Commerce and Industry, Mohamed Saif Al Suwaidi, Director-General of Abu Dhabi Fund for Development, Mohammed Haji Al Khouri, Director-General of the Khalifa bin Zayed Al Nahyan Foundation, Mohammed Hareb Al Mehairbi, UAE Ambassador to Uzbekistan, Mahmood Ebraheem Al Mahmood, Chairman of ADS Securities, and Saeed Al Bahri Salem Al Ameri, Director-General of the Abu Dhabi Food Control Authority.
Sheikh Mansour concluded the visit and left the capital Tashkent, where he was seen off by Kholmuradov Suhrob Rustamovich, Deputy Prime Minister of Uzbekistan.
Source: UAE Ministry of Foreign Affairs
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Katy Perry Says Mom Accidentally Ruined How She Wanted to Share Her Pregnancy News With Her
March 18, 2020 September 14, 2020 / Celebrities, Entertainment, Lifestyle, Pregnancy / By Sara Gramling
Every expectant mom has a vision for how they’re going to announce their pregnancy, but sometimes things don’t go exactly to plan. Popstar Katy Perry recently announced to the public that she and her fiancé Orlando Bloom are expecting their first child together this summer in her latest music video.
The singer dropped her new single, “Never Worn White,” last week and during the video, she showed off her growing baby bump publicly for the first time.
Let’s just say it’s gonna be a jam packed summer… ????♥️???? #NeverWornWhite is out now
A post shared by KATY PERRY (@katyperry) on Mar 4, 2020 at 9:02pm PST
YOU MAY ALSO LIKE: Katy Perry and Orlando Bloom Are Expecting Their First Child Together, and She Made the Announcement via Music Video
However, when it came time to sharing the happy news with her family, the reveal she had planned for that special occasion didn’t go exactly as she had hoped. In an interview with SiriusXM’s Mikey Piff, Perry explained the plan she had in place to tell her family they are expecting.
Katy Perry Shares How Her Mom Accidentally Ruined Her Pregnancy Reveal
If: Breaking the Australian record for attendance of a women’s sporting event @billiejeanking ???? Sexy ???? bats and ???????? …don’t say #InternationalWomensDay, I don’t know what does ???? Thanks to all the incredible people that came out to celebrate WOMEN and all their elements on Sunday in Melbourne at the @mcg. Women are not just one thing????
A post shared by KATY PERRY (@katyperry) on Mar 10, 2020 at 12:22am PDT
“I actually kind of put the news on a wine label and I was doing it by either bringing a bottle of wine with a bespoke label that said it…I would bring it to dinner or something or I’d give it as a gift to a friend like here’s a nice bottle of wine, but then they’d get the reaction later.”
Hoping you’re coming to celebrate these incredible women on #internationalwomensday with me @mcg! I’ll be the one waddling about on stage with a sprained thumb ???????? @t20worldcup #womenneverquit #helpinghands
But that’s not how things went down. “My mom, it was so weird, I didn’t get a chance to do it. She just came over and was looking at my wine – and she never does – and she was like, ‘What is this?’ And that’s how it happened,” she continued.
one year ago I said yes to a life of love and evolution… and definitely never a dull moment ????
A post shared by KATY PERRY (@katyperry) on Feb 15, 2020 at 1:27am PST
YOU MAY ASLO LIKE: Orlando Bloom Jokes, ‘Finally Dot It Right’ After Correcting Tattoo That Misspelled Son’s Name in Morse Code
Katy wasn’t disappointed that her mom “ruined” her reveal though, saying her it just was her mother’s “intuition” that had her searching through the popstar’s wine fridge. Katy also shared that she and Bloom are both “looking forward to this new interval of life and sharing this.”
Sara Gramling
When I’m not hanging out with my three-year-old and husband in Brooklyn, I’m busy writing stories for Mamas Uncut and managing PR + Marketing for Magnolia Bakery, based in New York City. On weekends, you can usually find me at a local park or playground pushing my daughter on the swings, “researching” the best almond croissants in Park Slope or launching into impromptu family dance parties at home, the sidewalk or, every once in awhile, a restaurant bathroom. I’m still trying to master the whole parenting thing, but I have learned that copious amounts of coffee, humor and humility are involved on a daily basis.
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Home > Resources > Video Library > Do Rates Have Room to Rally?
Do Rates Have Room to Rally?
How should investors be thinking about duration? Andrew Balls, CIO Global Fixed Income, and Joachim Fels, Global Economic Advisor, provide our take on relative duration positioning across the regions and why U.S. rates offer the most room for rally.
Tina Adatia, Joachim Fels, Andrew Balls October 2019
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Read Transcript
Tina Adatia, Fixed Income Strategist: Joachim, how is PIMCO thinking about relative duration positioning across the regions?
Joachim Fels, Global Economic Advisor: I guess the first thing to say is, ten-year yields of 1.5%, 1.6% in the U.S., it’s really low. I mean, it’s lower than what you would normally expect outside of recessions. But as discussed, recession risk is elevated,
Chart: A chart shows five secular trends that have the potential to disrupt the global economy, financial markets and portfolios over the next several years: China, populism, demographics, technology and financial market vulnerability.
and there are all kinds of disruptions that might happen. You know, secular disruptions.
Chart: A chart compares current global yields to their respective lowest historic levels as of September 2019. The yields compared are U.S. 10-year Treasuries (highest yield levels), 10-year JGB, 10-year bund (lowest yield levels), and 10-year gilt.
And in that case, obviously, U.S. rates or U.S. bonds offer the most room for rally. They still have considerable upside in terms of prices. And downside in terms of yield, whereas, obviously if you get a big risk-off event, bond yields will go more negative, Japanese yields will go more negative, but there’s a lot more room for U.S. to rally. So this is why, I think, having an allocation and being in a bond portfolio, being overweight U.S. duration versus global duration makes a lot of sense to us. And you have to think about it in terms of the capital appreciation that you can get if things go wrong.
Andrew Balls, CIO Global Fixed Income: Yeah. So in terms of hedge yield, for example, if you’re a U.S. dollar-based investor, the hedge yield, the picture looks a little bit different, bonds, actually ten-year bonds yield a little bit more than ten-year treasuries, as you benefit from the FX hedge back to the U.S. dollar.
In terms of generating yield, or income, that’s a little bit more balanced. But as Joachim said, if you're looking for capital gains potential, that could clearly happen in the case of the U.S., in the event of a downturn.
Shots of Frankfurt, Germany and the European Central Bank building.
In Germany, say, you probably need a more significant shift on the part of the ECB towards even more negative yields to get significant moves there. And given the balance between the costs and the benefits of negative policy rates — it’s very unclear that that’s something the ECB can do very much more. So, the U.S. is the cleanest dirty shirt, if you’re looking for capital gain potential to hedge risk assets across a lot of our portfolios. You’ll see we’re overweight the U.S. versus the rest of the world.
For more insights and information visit pimco.com
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All investments contain risk and may lose value. Investing in the bond market is subject to risks, including market, interest rate, issuer, credit, inflation risk, and liquidity risk. The value of most bonds and bond strategies are impacted by changes in interest rates. Bonds and bond strategies with longer durations tend to be more sensitive and volatile than those with shorter durations; bond prices generally fall as interest rates rise, and low interest rate environments increase this risk. Reductions in bond counterparty capacity may contribute to decreased market liquidity and increased price volatility. Bond investments may be worth more or less than the original cost when redeemed. Sovereign securities are generally backed by the issuing government. Obligations of U.S. government agencies and authorities are supported by varying degrees, but are generally not backed by the full faith of the U.S. government. Portfolios that invest in such securities are not guaranteed and will fluctuate in value. Investing in foreign-denominated and/or –domiciled securities may involve heightened risk due to currency fluctuations, and economic and political risks, which may be enhanced in emerging markets.
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PIMCO as a general matter provides services to qualified institutions, financial intermediaries and institutional investors. Individual investors should contact their own financial professional to determine the most appropriate investment options for their financial situation. This is not an offer to any person in any jurisdiction where unlawful or unauthorized. | Pacific Investment Management Company LLC, 650 Newport Center Drive, Newport Beach, CA 92660 is regulated by the United States Securities and Exchange Commission. | PIMCO Europe Ltd (Company No. 2604517) and PIMCO Europe Ltd - Italy (Company No. 07533910969) are authorised and regulated by the Financial Conduct Authority (12 Endeavour Square, London E20 1JN) in the UK. The Italy branch is additionally regulated by the Commissione Nazionale per le Società e la Borsa (CONSOB) in accordance with Article 27 of the Italian Consolidated Financial Act. PIMCO Europe Ltd services are available only to professional clients as defined in the Financial Conduct Authority’s Handbook and are not available to individual investors, who should not rely on this communication. | PIMCO Deutschland GmbH (Company No. 192083, Seidlstr. 24-24a, 80335 Munich, Germany), PIMCO Deutschland GmbH Italian Branch (Company No. 10005170963), PIMCO Deutschland GmbH Spanish Branch (N.I.F. W2765338E) and PIMCO Deutschland GmbH Swedish Branch (SCRO Reg. No. 516410-9190) are authorised and regulated by the German Federal Financial Supervisory Authority (BaFin) (Marie- Curie-Str. 24-28, 60439 Frankfurt am Main) in Germany in accordance with Section 32 of the German Banking Act (KWG). The Italian Branch, Spanish Branch and Swedish Branch are additionally supervised by the Commissione Nazionale per le Società e la Borsa (CONSOB) in accordance with Article 27 of the Italian Consolidated Financial Act, the Comisión Nacional del Mercado de Valores (CNMV) in accordance with obligations stipulated in articles 168 and 203 to 224, as well as obligations contained in Tile V, Section I of the Law on the Securities Market (LSM) and in articles 111, 114 and 117 of Royal Decree 217/2008 and the Swedish Financial Supervisory Authority (Finansinspektionen) in accordance with Chapter 25 Sections 12-14 of the Swedish Securities Markets Act, respectively. The services provided by PIMCO Deutschland GmbH are available only to professional clients as defined in Section 67 para. 2 German Securities Trading Act (WpHG). They are not available to individual investors, who should not rely on this communication. | PIMCO (Schweiz) GmbH (registered in Switzerland, Company No. CH-020.4.038.582-2), Brandschenkestrasse 41, 8002 Zurich, Switzerland, Tel: + 41 44 512 49 10. The services provided by PIMCO (Schweiz) GmbH are not available to individual investors, who should not rely on this communication but contact their financial adviser. | PIMCO Asia Pte Ltd (Registration No. 199804652K) is regulated by the Monetary Authority of Singapore as a holder of a capital markets services licence and an exempt financial adviser. The asset management services and investment products are not available to persons where provision of such services and products is unauthorised. | PIMCO Asia Limited is licensed by the Securities and Futures Commission for Types 1, 4 and 9 regulated activities under the Securities and Futures Ordinance. The asset management services and investment products are not available to persons where provision of such services and products is unauthorised. | PIMCO Australia Pty Ltd ABN 54 084 280 508, AFSL 246862 (PIMCO Australia). This publication has been prepared without taking into account the objectives, financial situation or needs of investors. Before making an investment decision, investors should obtain professional advice and consider whether the information contained herein is appropriate having regard to their objectives, financial situation and needs. | PIMCO Japan Ltd, Financial Instruments Business Registration Number is Director of Kanto Local Finance Bureau (Financial Instruments Firm) No. 382. PIMCO Japan Ltd is a member of Japan Investment Advisers Association and The Investment Trusts Association, Japan. All investments contain risk. There is no guarantee that the principal amount of the investment will be preserved, or that a certain return will be realized; the investment could suffer a loss. All profits and losses incur to the investor. The amounts, maximum amounts and calculation methodologies of each type of fee and expense and their total amounts will vary depending on the investment strategy, the status of investment performance, period of management and outstanding balance of assets and thus such fees and expenses cannot be set forth herein. | PIMCO Taiwan Limited is managed and operated independently. The reference number of business license of the company approved by the competent authority is (107) FSC SICE Reg. No.001. 40F., No.68, Sec. 5, Zhongxiao E. Rd., Xinyi Dist., Taipei City 110, Taiwan (R.O.C.), Tel: +886 2 8729-5500. | PIMCO Canada Corp. (199 Bay Street, Suite 2050, Commerce Court Station, P.O. 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Understanding Investing
Tina Adatia
Fixed Income Strategist
Olivia A. Albrecht
Head of ESG Business Strategy
Joshua Anderson
Head of Global ABS Portfolio Management
Andrew Balls
CIO Global Fixed Income
Justin Blesy
Asset Allocation Strategist
David L. Braun
Head of US Financial Institutions Portfolio Management
Nathaniel Brown
Director of the PIMCO Foundation
Erin Browne
Libby Cantrill
Pramol Dhawan
Head of Emerging Markets Portfolio Management
Joachim Fels
Global Economic Advisor
David Fisher
Head of Traditional Product Strategies
Gregory Hall
Head of U.S. Global Wealth Management
Mary Hoppe
Daniel H. Hyman
Head of Agency MBS Portfolio Management
Daniel J. Ivascyn
Group Chief Investment Officer
Mark R. Kiesel
CIO Global Credit
Christine Long
Head of Retirement Marketing
Scott A. Mather
CIO U.S. Core Strategies
John Murray
Portfolio Manager, Commercial Real Estate
John Nersesian
Head of Advisor Education
Sonali Pier
Portfolio Manager, Multi-Sector Credit
Libby Rodney
Steve A. Rodosky
Portfolio Manager, Real Return and Long Duration
Emmanuel Roman
Steve Sapra
Client Solutions & Analytics
Jerome M. Schneider
Head of Short-Term Portfolio Management
Marc P. Seidner
CIO Non-traditional Strategies
Greg E. Sharenow
Portfolio Manager, Real Assets
Anmol Sinha
Candice Stack
Head of Client Management, Americas
Cathy Stahl
Global Head of Marketing
Geraldine Sundstrom
Jamie Weinstein
Portfolio Manager, Head of Corporate Special Situations
Tiffany Wilding
North American Economist
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January 2021 January '21
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ESG Into Action with Corporate CFOs(video)
ESG Into Action with Corporate CFOs
To help CFOs bridge the financing gap for corporate Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) investments, PIMCO co-launched the CFO Principles for Integrated SDG Investments and Finance. Learn More
esg, esg
By Scott A. Mather January 2021
https://mea.pimco.com/en-mea/88bn14ny2n0y
The Future is Now: Opportunities in Green and Digital(video)
The Future is Now: Opportunities in Green and Digital
Megatrends shaped financial markets in 2020 - in this video Portfolio Manager Geraldine Sundstrom explains why there is no end in sight for the green and digital transition.
asset allocation, multi asset
By Geraldine Sundstrom January 2021
https://mea.pimco.com/en-mea/88bn30ly1rkq
2020 Year End and Current Positioning(video)
2020 Year End and Current Positioning
Disruption characterised markets in 2020 - in this video Portfolio Manager Geraldine Sundstrom takes us through how she positioned her portfolio to tackle this, and what the outcome was.
November 2020 November '20
https://mea.pimco.com/en-mea/7xcq1fg2dkwh
Reason for Optimism(video)
Reason for Optimism
Even though markets remain fragile, Group CIO Dan Ivascyn explains why PIMCO has become more optimistic on the base case view for recovery and risk assets – and why we think private credit is a powerful opportunity.
rates, credit, core fixed income, central bank, non product ...
By Daniel J. Ivascyn, David Fisher November 2020
https://mea.pimco.com/en-mea/7xccgj5tf661
Confronting Lower Returns and Higher Volatility(video)
Expensive valuations and elevated volatility are likely to create challenges, but an active, flexible focus on relative value and alp
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State Roundup, September 23, 2015
by Cynthia Prairie | Sep 23, 2015 | State Roundup | 0 |
RANGE OF REACTIONS OVER RX POT: Nearly 2 1/2 years after legalizing the use of marijuana for medicinal purposes, Maryland is preparing to issue business licenses to dispensaries and cultivation centers — prompting a range of reactions from local elected officials. At one extreme, Anne Arundel County Executive Steve Schuh (R) is proposing a ban on cannabis production and shops in the county. Elsewhere, Republicans hungry for jobs in their rural communities are embracing potential marijuana businesses, Fenit Nirappil reports for the Post.
PARCC SCORES RELEASE DATES: Maryland’s State Board of Education on Tuesday confirmed plans to release PARCC assessment scores in late October and early December, CNS’s Marissa Horn writes in MarylandReporter.com. The PARCC, which stands for the Partnership for Assessment of Readiness for College and Careers, was administered for the first time in 11 states and the District of Columbia in the spring as a part of the Common Core Standards Initiative, a widespread but controversial effort to measure education in the United States.
TRACKING POLICE INTERACTIONS: Advocates and lawmakers Tuesday called for more robust data collection and reporting when it comes to arrests, traffic stops and other police interactions with the community, Bryan Sears reports for the Daily Record. “The biggest hole in the data is that it is not disaggregated,” said Toni Holness, a public policy associate with ACLU Maryland. “It’s not possible to identify patterns of discrimination in local jurisdictions using aggregate data.”
STATE’S LONGEST EMPLOYEE RETIRES: The top of Timothy Hyman’s desk is barely visible, with piles of head shots of current and former state employees scattered across it. Enlarged photos of highways, bridges and intersections throughout the state of Maryland are taped to his office walls. The pictures are just a few of the thousands taken by Hyman, the staff photographer for the Maryland State Highway Administration for more than a half-century. Hyman, who will turn 78 next week, retires this month as the state’s longest-serving employee, Ovetta Wiggins writes in the Washington Post.
DLS TO BE REORGANIZED: A Department of Legislative Services, which assists the Maryland General Assembly, will be reorganized, after its longtime executive director retires next year and Warren Deschenaux takes over. There will be four departments, all answering to Deschenaux: policy analysis, administration, audits and information systems, the AP’s Brian Witte reports in the Daily Record.
FORMER DEL. DEAN DIES AT 80: Walter R. Dean Jr., a retired teacher who was a leader in the 1950s civil rights movement and served in the Maryland House of Delegates, died of congestive heart failure Friday at Seasons Hospice at Northwest Hospital Center. The Lochearn resident was 80, Jacques Kelly reports for the Sun.
NIH PATIENT, RESEARCH DISRUPTIONS POSSIBLE: Patients with critical illnesses will be turned away and research will be disrupted if the government shuts down again on Oct. 1, the director of the National Institutes of Health and the top Democrat on the House Budget Committee warned Tuesday. With just four legislative days remaining until the new fiscal year begins Oct. 1, Rep. Chris Van Hollen said that during the 16-day shutdown in 2013, new patients were not allowed into the clinical facilities of the Bethesda medical campus, Lenny Bernstein writes in the Post.
BRYANT BOWS OUT OF CONGRESS RACE: Saying that his church is his first priority, the Rev. Jamal H. Bryant said Tuesday that he is bowing out of a campaign for Congress he launched just eight days ago, John Fritze writes for the Sun. Bryant, the 44-year-old pastor of the Empowerment Temple in Northwest Baltimore, surprised many by announcing Sept. 14 that he would seek the Democratic nomination for the 7th Congressional District. That seat is currently held by Rep. Elijah E. Cummings.
BRICKLAYERS BACK EDWARDS: Maryland Senate candidate Donna Edwards picked up the endorsement of an international bricklayers union on Tuesday, the latest labor group to weigh in on the high-profile race, John Fritze reports for the Sun. The International Union of Bricklayers and Allied Craftworkers, which has 76,000 members in the U.S. and Canada, said in a statement Tuesday that Edwards “has consistently put working families first.” The union has about 1,050 members in Maryland.
GOP LED BOARD IN MOCO SHIFTS EARLY VOTING SITES: The Republican majority on the Montgomery County Board of Elections, led by an appointee of Gov. Larry Hogan (R), voted Monday to shift two heavily used early-voting sites to less populous locations, prompting Democratic charges of voter suppression, Bill Turque and Joshua Hicks report for the Post.
ETHAN SAYLOR LAWSUIT DELAYED: The lawsuit over the death of Ethan Saylor, a man with Down syndrome who died in 2013 after being forcibly removed by sheriff’s deputies from a Frederick movie theater, has again been delayed. Lawyers for Saylor’s family, who are suing deputies for wrongful death, are seeking to learn more about doctors hired by the deputies as potential expert witnesses. The lawyers want to take depositions from each of the five medical experts, who were recently identified by attorneys for the three deputies named in the family’s complaint, Danielle Gaines reports for the Frederick News Post.
CORRECTION: In yesterday’s Roundup, reporter Jen Fifield’s newspaper should have been identified as with the Frederick News Post.
PAPER CRANES AND CHEMO: Gov. Larry Hogan wrote on his Facebook page Tuesday:
“Today is my 24th day of chemo and I had my 4th spinal tap this morning. It feels good to know we are killing cancer cells every day!
“At the hospital this afternoon I met my new friend Madison, who is in remission and now cancer-free, and talked about the beautiful paper cranes she had hanging on an IV stand. Cranes are a symbol of healing, and I learned that the hospital [University of Maryland in Baltimore] has a partnership with Kanazawa University Hospital in Japan, a major cancer treatment facility. Recently, pediatric patients in Kanazawa made 2,000 origami paper cranes and sent them to the pediatric unit here, and now the kids here are making 2,000 healing bands to send back to Japan!
Madison presented me with my own paper cranes that I now have sitting beside me as a reminder of all those fighting cancer. Please keep all the cancer patients in your thoughts and prayers!”
PreviousState school board to release new PARCC exam results in late fall with lower scores expected
NextProposed moratorium on Eastern Shore chicken houses rekindles debate on Conowingo Dam
Cynthia Prairie
cynthiaprairie@gmail.com
https://www.chestertelegraph.org/
Contributing Editor Cynthia Prairie has been a newspaper editor since 1979, when she began working at The Raleigh Times. Since then, she has worked for The Baltimore News American, The Chicago Sun-Times, The Prince George’s Journal and Baltimore County newspapers in the Patuxent Publishing chain, including overseeing The Jeffersonian when it was a two-day a week business publication. Cynthia has won numerous state awards, including the Maryland State Bar Association’s Gavel Award. Besides compiling and editing the daily State Roundup, she runs her own online news outlet, The Chester Telegraph. If you have additional questions or comments contact Cynthia at: cynthiaprairie@gmail.com
State Roundup: Poll supports Kirwan but not taxes
State Roundup, April 14, 2011
State Roundup, August 19, 2013
State Roundup, July 12, 2013
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Rare Earth Metals News
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Uranium: A bull market is under way
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The price of uranium continues to climb, thanks to production cuts by major providers like Cameco (TSX:CCO) and Kazatomprom (LSE:KAP). It is becoming a more interesting market for…...
Only mill in the US able to process uranium-rare earth ores open for business
As the US pushes to dilute China’s monopoly and develop a domestic uranium-rare earth supply, Colorado-based Energy Fuels (TSX: EFR) is working towards being at the…...
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New Prosperity Project
126 km SW from Williams Lake, British Columbia, Canada
Project Contacts:
15th Floor, 1040 West Georgia St.
V6E 4H1
Mines & projects in Canada
Costs & Financials
Stage Permitting
Truck & Shovel / Loader
Mine Life 20 years (as of Jan 1, 2007)
Taseko Mines Ltd. 100 % Direct
The Prosperity deposit is predominantly hosted in Cretaceous andesitic volcaniclastic and volcanic rocks which are transitional to a sequence of sparsely mineralized, volcanically-derived sedimentary rocks to the south. The andesitic volcaniclastics are comprised of coarse-grained crystal tuff and ash tuff, and thinly bedded tuff with lesser lapilli tuff. The upper eastern portion of the deposit is hosted by subvolcanic units of crowded feldspar porphyritic andesite and thick feldspar and hornblende porphyritic flows.
Gold-copper mineralization within the Prosperity deposit is intimately related to potassium silicate alteration and a later, superimposed sericite-iron carbonate alteration. This is particularly true within a central, east-west trending ovoid zone that hosts the majority of the mineralization.
Chalcopyrite-pyrite mineralization and associated copper and gold concentrations are distributed relatively evenly throughout the host volcanic and intrusive units in the deposit. A sedimentary unit, which is located in the upper southeastern part of the mineralized zone, is sparsely mineralized. Post mineralization porphyritic dikes are essentially barren.
Pyrite and chalcopyrite are the principal sulphide minerals and are accompanied by: minor amounts of bornite and molybdenite; sparse tetrahedrite-tennantite, sphalerite and galena; and rare chalcocite-digenite, covellite, pyrrhotite, arsenopyrite and marcasite. Native gold generally occurs as inclusions in, and along microfractures with, copper sulphides and pyrite. Pyrite to chalcopyrite ratios throughout most of the proposed pit area range from 0.5:1 to 1:1 and rise to 3:1 or higher around the periphery of the deposit which coincides with the propylitic, and locally the phyllic, alteration zones.
Sulphide minerals show the thoroughly dispersed mode of occurrence characteristic of porphyry copper deposits. Sulphides occur in relatively equal concentrations as disseminations, blebs and aggregates in mafic sites, as fracture fillings and as veinlets. Disseminated sulphide mineralization is marginally more prevalent than veinlets in intrusive rocks while in volcanic rocks the reverse was noted.
The Prosperity open pit will be a nominal 525 m deep when complete.
The mine will operate using electric cable shovels and rotary drills. Diesel electric trucks and a support equipment fleet will gradually be increased to match the production schedule that will peak in terms of total production in Year 7 through Year 9 at 200,000 tpd.
2.4 B lbs
Proven 481 Mt Gold 0.46 g/t 5 M oz
Probable 350 Mt Copper 0.18 % 1.2 B lbs
Probable 350 Mt Gold 0.35 g/t 2.7 M oz
Proven & Probable 831 Mt Copper 0.23 % 3.6 B lbs
Proven & Probable 831 Mt Gold 0.41 g/t 7.7 M oz
Measured 547.1 Mt Copper 0.27 %
Measured 547.1 Mt Gold 0.46 g/t
Indicated 463.4 Mt Copper 0.21 %
Indicated 463.4 Mt Gold 0.34 g/t
Measured & Indicated 1,011 Mt Copper 0.24 %
Measured & Indicated 1,011 Mt Gold 0.41 g/t
Commodity Production Costs:
Credits (by-product) Copper USD -1.32 / lb *
Cash costs Copper USD 1.75 / lb *
Cash costs Copper USD 0.43 / lb *†
Assumed price Copper USD 1.5 / lb *
Assumed price Silver USD 8 / oz *
Assumed price Gold USD 575 / oz *
* According to 2007 study / presentation.
† Net of By-Product.
- Subscription is required.
Operating Costs:
OP mining costs ($/t mined) CAD 2.27 *
OP mining costs ($/t milled) CAD ......
Total operating costs ($/t milled) CAD ......
* According to 2007 study.
2007 Study Costs and Valuation Metrics :
LOM Total
Sustaining CapEx $M CAD ......
Total CapEx $M CAD ......
Total OpEx $M CAD ......
Gross revenue (LOM) $M CAD ......
EBITDA (LOM) $M CAD ......
Pre-tax Cash Flow (LOM) $M CAD ......
Pre-tax NPV @ 7.5% $M CAD ......
Pre-tax IRR, % ......
Pre-tax payback period, years ......
Proposed Heavy Mobile Equipment as of October 15, 2007:
HME Type
Bulldozer ....................... 7
....................... ....................... 2
....................... 4
....................... ....................... 30
Mine Management:
Ref. Date
....................... ....................... Oct 22, 2019
Corporate Filings & Presentations:
Year-end Mineral Reserves 2015
Feasibility Study Report 2007
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Boomers Did Chores by Hand
It’s fall, and that intrusive noise in the neighborhood indicates that leaf blower season is upon us. After a thoroughly unscientific survey of the people Mister Boomer knows, he came to the conclusion that the days we knew — of hand rakes and push brooms — appear to be over, replaced by machines that blow things from one place to another. In Mister B’s limited survey, not a single homeowner owned a rake, nor were they interested in buying one; yet all had a leaf blower. Is this a sign that rakes are headed for extinction in the average home, destined to be equipment needed only for a few lawn care professionals in the near future? Many communities are seeking to ban gas-powered models these days, due to the pollution factor, but there are plenty of electric and cordless models around to take their place.
In our boomer years, raking leaves brought opportunity to some of us, as we could make a dollar or two. For others, it was a chore to which they would have preferred some technological solution because the task was accomplished by hand. For others still, the raking part was the prelude to making piles to jump in and play. For Mister Boomer and his brother, it was a bit of all three. Once the family lawn had been raked, the Boomer Brothers enlisted the help of a couple of neighborhood boys in finding houses that had the most leaves on their property. A lot of the time, people would prefer to do it themselves or have their children do it, but occasionally, the boys were employed. The pay was not great — usually less than snow removal — but it was a way to generate some discretionary income as a preteen.
That got Mister Boomer thinking about things other than leaf raking we used to do by hand — especially chores — that are now replaced with some device. Here are a few that come to mind:
Vacuuming. Today’s busy Domestic Engineers (who could be any man, woman or child) increasingly don’t seem to want to bother with pushing a vacuum over carpets and floors, pretty much the way it had been done since the beginning of the twentieth century. Little by little, robot vacuums are replacing the hand vacuum for household use. What’s more, with the addition of one of those home assistant thingies, the robot vacuum can be be started with a voice command. An interesting side note is that pets — boomer cats and dogs — were frightened of vacuum cleaners. Now, as can be seen in numerous videos, cats jump on the robot models for free rides, and dogs see them as a new plaything. (Rosey the robot maid was so old-fashioned with her built-in hand vacuum!)
Grass mowing. Mister Boomer remembers his first lawn mowing experiences with a hand-push lawn mower. It was a real step up when his father purchased the family’s first gas-powered mower. A neighbor had an electric Sunbeam mower that Mister Boomer thought was pretty cool, but there was always the extension cord to manage. Flash forward to today, and Mister B watched a recent episode of This Old House where a backyard robot lawn mower was installed for the homeowner. The thing was programmed to mow the lawn autonomously, activated by a scheduled program day, pushing a start button or selecting a command from a smartphone app — anywhere in the world. When it finishes the job, it parks itself back in its charging station (can you say, “George Jetson?”).
Dishwashing. Dishwashers were certainly available throughout the boomer years, but Mister Boomer knew very few people who had one installed in their homes. The kids took turns doing the dishes in the kitchen sink, by hand, with a washcloth and dish soap. Mister Boomer’s mother tackled the pots and pans. The family did not have a dishwasher until the last years of the 1970s. Visions of the future always included a method for cleaning dishes to relieve women (then the exclusive keepers of the household) of the daily chore. (Jane Jetson could “do the dishes” with a push of a button). Today, it’s practically a deal-breaker for a young couple to buy a home that does not have a dishwasher.
Car windows. There are few hand gestures that so perfectly describe the action to which one asks another to perform. There is that one, of course, but Mister Boomer refers to, for example, the universal symbol of “check please” by clasping the index finger and thumb together and air-writing a signature in order to get a server to bring the check. For the Boomer Generation, one such hand signal — though technically not a “chore” — was the making of a fist and rotating it in a circular motion. Everyone knew that meant “roll down your car window.” Power windows were around in the boomer years and before, but again, Mister B’s family wasn’t one to have such lavish technologies. He recalls the first time he saw power windows, while riding in a neighbor’s car. His friend’s father fancied used Cadillacs, so while driving the boys one summer day, Mister B watched as his buddy pushed the lever and down came the back door window. In Mister Boomer’s mind, that defined luxury.
Almost all cars come standard with power windows these days. This begs the question, how will you ask someone in the next car if they have any Grey Poupon?
The quick adaption of leaf blowers to replace rakes, house robots and power-everything gadgets signal that we are indeed heading toward the Space Age Future we imagined and were promised in shows like The Jetsons. Yet Mister Boomer has to ask, wouldn’t a leaf vacuum be more practical?
What hand chores have you replaced with technology, boomers?
Author Mister BPosted on November 5, 2017 Categories Pop Culture History, Seasons, TechnologyTags 1950s, 1960s, 1970s, boomer generation, future, inventions, nostalgia, pop culture, robots, technology1 Comment on Boomers Did Chores by Hand
Boomers Saw Their Lives in “The Flintstones”
Prognosticators of how we would live in the future were everywhere in the 1960s. Famous writers like Arthur C. Clarke and Isaac Asimov as well as the General Motors, Bell Telephone and General Electric exhibits at the 1964 World’s Fair foresaw a world 50 years in the future as a marvel of tall buildings and labor-saving devices. Many of their predictions came true, like the proliferation and ease of instantly communicating with practically anyone on the planet. Several people foresaw the ability we now have — communicating with picture and sound, live, with a device that fits into the palm of our hands. Yet 50 years ago, things like the smartphone and GPS were the stuff of science fiction.
Since the growing popularity of television reflected our culture, visions of the future were bound to appear there, too. Star Trek, of course, presented an optimistic vision where people of all races from all over the galaxy could, for the most part, eventually get along. The Jetsons offered a way-out future of gadgets, talking robots and flying cars for the average Space-Age family. Ironically, several of the futuristic visions seen on The Jetsons are now reality.
By contrast, in The Flintstones (1960-66), boomer families saw a mirror of their own lives. It’s been said that The Flintstones was to 1960s America what The Honeymooners was to the 1950s. The show’s opening song spelled it out, that the Flintstones were a “modern Stone Age family.” Time-saving and labor-saving devices in the 1960s were part of our middle class, modern lifestyle. Those clever folks at Hanna-Barbera reverse-engineered “modern” 1960s devices and developed a counterpart in Stone Age Bedrock. No matter that many of these devices — like radio, television, the car and more, had been around for decades before the 1960s. It is, however, worth remembering that the tipping point for more households having TVs than not didn’t occur until the 1960s. Many of the show’s tech items were favorite parts of Flintstones episodes in Mister Boomer’s household, especially by Mister B’s father. After all, Fred Flintstone was, like Mister B’s father, a blue collar worker, an avid bowler and golfer, and always on the lookout for an easier way to get through household chores so he could concentrate on his own interests.
Technology in The Flintstones came in two varieties: things were either made of stone or used animals to perform the function. Items made of stone included the Rubble and Flintstone family radios, televisions, Fred’s foot-propelled car (complete with a squawking bird “horn”) and Bedrock’s city buses. At the end of every shift at the quarry, Fred slid down the tail of his rock-lifting dinosaur crane and punched his timecard by pulling the tail of a toothsome bird. Most gadgets used some form of animal, like Wilma’s small elephant vacuum cleaner; Fred and Barney’s lawn mowers had attached birds with grass-clipping beaks; Wilma used swordfish as kitchen knives; hand-held, teeth-clipping mammals were hedge trimmers; water spewed from elephant trunks for showers and dish rinsers; and one of the favorites in the Mister B household, the bird whose beak played phonograph records. Mister B’s father noted that monkeys were the pinsetters at the bowling alley. Early 1960s America still had human pinsetters at most bowling locations; in fact, one of Brother Boomer’s early jobs was as a pinsetter. (Not that Mister B would have ever compared his older brother to a monkey in any way, mind you.) In a mind-bending crossover to the future, if Fred took a picture with his rock camera, a bird popped out of the the back and pecked the “photo” out on a stone tablet. This mimicked existing Polaroid cameras and future digital cameras to come. What added to the fun of these domesticated gadgets was that most often, the animal had a pithy comment, job complaint or cultural joke for the viewing audience.
As we near the end of another year and inevitably examine where we have been and where we are headed, Mister B cannot help but wonder, like our predecessors 50 years ago, what our future will be like 50 years from now. If you look at the past 100 years — 1916 to 2016 — and all that has happened, then flash forward 50 years to 2066, what will our world look like and how will we live? Mister B, for one, hopes there is a version of a cartoon like The Flintstones that holds up a mirror to ourselves to let us laugh at our foibles while we enjoy our modern conveniences.
What was your favorite gadget in The Flintstones, boomers?
Author Mister BPosted on November 27, 2016 Categories Pop Culture History, TVTags 1950s, 1960s, 1970s, boomer generation, classic cartoons, future, nostalgia, pop culture, TV1 Comment on Boomers Saw Their Lives in “The Flintstones”
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‘Scoob!’ Review: You Can’t Teach Old Dynomutts New Tricks
Scooby-Doo and the rest of Mystery Incorporated have appeared in something like 40 films in addition to their dozen or so television series since 1969. But Scoob and the gang never made it to the big-screen in animated form. That was supposed to change with Scoob! which was designed as a blockbuster reboot of the long-running kids franchise — until the coronavirus pandemic sent the movie straight-to-VOD like so many other Scooby-Doo mysteries.
Premiering at home might not have been the worst decision for Scoob! On the big screen, this film would have looked like very small potatoes, even with an excessive amount of guest stars from the Hanna-Barbera library and a ham-fisted attempt to capture the zeitgeist by shoving most of the classic characters to the side and adding a bunch of superheroes into the mix.
Yes, Scoob! is much more of a two-hander, or at least a one-hander-and-one-pawer, with Shaggy (Will Forte) and Scooby-Doo (Frank Welker, the original voice of Fred and the regular voice of Scooby since 2002) dominating the story. A prologue reveals how Shaggy and Scooby first met as kids, and even where Scooby got his wacky name and signature blue-and-gold collar, in case those were things you ever wondered about. Fast-forward ten years and Scooby and the Mystery Incorporated crew are looking to expand their business — only to find that the timid and clumsy Shaggy and Scoob are too much of a liability for their potential investors.
That sends Scooby and Shaggy careening off on their own, and into a team-up with the old Hanna-Barbera heroes Blue Falcon and Dynomutt, who’ve been revamped so Falcon is the bumbler (voiced by Mark Wahlberg) and his dog sidekick (Ken Jeong) is the competent one. They’re also partnered with Dee Dee (Kiersey Clemons) from the old Captain Caveman show, and together they’re on a quest to stop Dick Dastardly (Jason Isaacs), best known as the sniveling baddie from the Wacky Races cartoon, from collecting some mystical trinkets and unlocking a gateway to the underworld.
There are plenty of homages to Scooby-Doo, Where Are You!, including a new version of its original credits sequence and lots of exaggerated sound effects that could have been lifted straight from the Hanna-Barbera archives. Still, even with all the throwbacks, Scoob! doesn’t really feel like the old shows. The laidback vibe of kids fighting supernatural threats and bad cases of the munchies has been replaced by enormous action setpieces. Fred (Zac Efron), Daphne (Amanda Seyfried), and Velma (Gina Rodriguez) are barely in the film. In their place are a lot of high-tech gadgets, and a ton of schtick involving Blue Falcon, who inherited his mantle and might not be cut out for crimefighting. Instead of updating the material, Scoob! mostly exchanges it for other stuff. Good old Fred doesn’t even get to wear a neckerchief.
Redesigned costumes aside, Scoob! at least looks fairly good. Director Tony Cervone, an animation veteran who directed many direct-to-video Scooby-Doo films, finds a CG visual style that honors the elastic physics and angular characters of old 2D animation. (The new version of Dynomutt is particularly fun to watch as he unfurls his extending limbs and gadgets.) Without question, this is the best the Scooby-Dooers have ever looked. And the new Mystery Incorporated voices are good when they’re onscreen. Efron makes a suitably starchy Fred, and Forte nails the spirit of Shaggy without doing a slavish imitation of Casey Kasem.
The movie just doesn’t seem that interested in doing anything with them beyond polishing up some dusty IP for another shot at the mainstream. Look, I’m the guy who once wrote an op-ed called “Scooby-Doo Is Dumb,” so I’m definitely not the target audience for Scoob! But I’m not sure there is a target audience for Scoob! Who would it be? Folks who claim to like Scooby-Doo, but don’t care for most of the actual characters or the fact that the supernatural ghouls and monsters are always just dudes in rubber masks? Die-hard Dynomutt and Blue Falcon fans? This is a mystery not even Mystery Incorporated could solve.
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Source: ‘Scoob!’ Review: You Can’t Teach Old Dynomutts New Tricks
Filed Under: Amanda Seyfried, Gina Rodriguez, Hanna-Barbera Cinematic Universe, Ken Jeong, mark wahlberg, Scoob!, Scooby-Doo, Will Forte, Zac Efron
Duluth Area Seeing One Of Warmest January Months So Far
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The Art of Openworked Movements – A Case Study with Vaucher
calendar 05/10/2017 | ic_dehaze_black_24px By Xavier Markl | ic_query_builder_black_24px 3 min read |
Recently we brought you a detailed look at Vaucher, one of the most prominent high-grade mechanical makers for third parties in the watch industry (read our article here). We went back to the Val-de-Travers to take a look at how the movement manufacturer produces openworked movements, including their own calibre 5401.
The creation of openworked or skeleton watches, the art of playing with transparency aims at revealing the quintessence of the movement, allowing its wearer to admire its intricacies. When crafting an openworked/skeleton movement, the plate, bridges and other components such as the barrel cover are hollowed out and then carved to the bare essentials to reveal the inner workings that make it tick. It then requires complementary skills, those of master craftsmen to sublimate the movement with time-consuming finishing and decoration operations.
Case in point, the Vaucher calibre 5401 is available in traditional and openworked versions. The Caliber 5401 is an extra flat (2.6 mm) micro-rotor automatic movement, 13 ’’’ ¼ (30.00 mm) in diameter. It runs at 21,600 vibrations per hour with a 48h power reserve. It features just under 200 parts.
Vaucher being a movement manufacturer (it is the movement manufacture of Parmigiani Fleurier but it also produces for third parties such as Hermes – a Vaucher shareholder – Richard Mille, Fabergé, etc.). The company does not produce watches under its own name and the movements they produce are always customized to their clients’ needs. The openworked version of the calibre 5401 presented in their catalogue is a rather modern take on this art. Traditionally, skeleton watches were richly engraved. In modern versions, this is replaced by more uniform surfaces as pictured below.
Naturally, more “traditional” skeleton movements have already been produced by Vaucher as shown on a hand-engraved movement below.
The production of openworked parts begins with the fabrication of the blanks for plates and bridges. Skill and precise calculations are needed to openwork as much as possible of the bridges and plate, without rendering parts too fragile. Traditionally, the skeletonization of the plates and bridges was performed entirely by hand from a non-openworked movement by the hands of a master-engraver. Today, except for a handful of artisans such as Kees Engelbarts (see here) and a few larger manufactures (really a few), parts are produced by CNC machines. Each individual part is modelled with software and machined precisely until it is perfectly shaped.
Once the plates and bridges have been machined and extraneous metal has been eliminated, delicate, time-consuming finishing and decoration operations are performed. All the traces of machining are erased, and then, parts are polished and decorated with extreme care by hand, turning raw material into true works of art.
Anglage consist of beveling the edges and inner angles of the openworked bridges and plates to the same angle and width. The rim, meticulously polished, highlights the shape of the part. The anglage must be regular and smooth. At Vaucher, it is performed with wood pegs and abrasive diamond paste (5 times in succession with thinner and thinner abrasive – 20 to 1 micron). This delicate, time-consuming operation is performed by hand as a machine cannot produce such even finish and work on inward angles.
Once the anglage has been performed with wood pegs, the final radiance is achieved thanks to a rotating polishing tool.
The flanks are then finished with a rotating diamond point to embellish the vertical edges that frame and shape the parts. Overall, the finishing of the angles and flanks of a single main-plate requires a full day of work. The following video will make things clearer.
For more information, please visit www.vauchermanufacture.ch.
Vaucher Industry news Skeleton Watches Technical Perspective
https://monochrome-watches.com/openworked-movements-case-study-vaucher-skeleton/
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Patrick Ryan Kilkenny says:
I always found an extra dimension to the workmanship when Servicing these watches!
Rumi says:
Movements with a micro-rotor are always impressive and leave the entire movement visible to enjoy and appreciate craftsmanship.
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Posts tagged as “Ferndale Public Library”
Friends of the Ferndale Library 30th Anniversary Parade – Nov. 12th
By My Ferndale News on November 10, 2020
The public is invited to participate in this free event.
Ferndale Public Library to open doors to visitors today
By My Ferndale News on November 2, 2020
Contactless curbside pickup and drop-off service offered since early June will continue to be available.
Ferndale Public Library curbside service canceled today due to unhealthy air quality
By My Ferndale News on September 15, 2020
Curbside pick-up service and book returns have been available during regular library hours since early June.
Public library’s summer reading program gets underway
By My Ferndale News on June 2, 2020
Summer reading bingo cards are available to be downloaded or mailed upon request.
Wi-Fi hotspots available for free around Ferndale
By My Ferndale News on May 8, 2020
Public library and school buildings are providing free internet access from their parking lots.
Ferndale Public Library branch to be closed beginning Monday along with other county libraries
By My Ferndale News on March 13, 2020
Library cardholders will still have access to a wide selection of digital content and other services.
Whatcom libraries to get rid of overdue fines – forgive current balances
8,422 WCLS cardholders are currently blocked from checking out library materials due to late fees owed.
Whatcom County Library System celebrates 75th anniversary
The Ferndale Public Library will have music, a photo booth, a scavenger hunt and other activities.
Library’s Summer Book BINGO offers reading rewards
By My Ferndale News on May 25, 2019
Bingo cards will be available at all area public library locations beginning June 1st.
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My Malay Blogger
Home » News » PM Najib sues DAP’s Pua over 1MDB rants (updated)
Tony Pua
PM Najib sues DAP’s Pua over 1MDB rants (updated)
Posted by admin on 06/03/2015 in News | 1 Comment
Prime Minister Datuk Seri Najib Tun Razak has filed a defamation suit against Petaling Jaya Utara MP Tony Pua Kiam Wee and another person over Pua’s remark about 1Malaysia Development Berhad (1MDB).
Najib, 61, filed the suit yesterday at the Civil High Court registry here through Messrs Hafarizam Wan & Aisha Mubarak.
The media obtained the writ of summons today.
In the suit, filed in his personal capacity, Najib had named Pua, 42, and Chan Chee Kong, 51, owner of online portal Mediarakyat.net, as the first and second defendants.
Najib’s lawyer, Datuk Mohd Hafarizam Harun, told reporters that his law firm would serve the writ of summons on the two defendants today.
In his statement of claim, Najib said that on Nov 13 last year, Pua, as the main speaker at a DAP fund-raising dinner, had made what he alleged was a libellous remark about 1MDB.
He said a recording of the speech was uploaded by Chan himself and/or his agents on the Mediarakyat YouTube and Mediarakyat website under what he claimed was a libellous heading.
Najib said the recording was subsequently shared by Pua and/or his agents on his Facebook account and by Chan and/or his agents on the Mediarakyat Facebook account.
He claimed that as of March 2, the YouTube recording was watched 194,979 times while 200,709 users of Facebook followed the recording on Pua’s Facebook account and 165,293 more on the Mediarakyat Facebook account.
Najib said that based on the fact, a large section of Internet users had watched the recording and heard the defamatory words uttered by Pua.
Najib said the recording of the speech contained words that referred to and related to him and defamed him and the individual known as the ‘prime minister’ and must have referred specifically to him (Najib).
He claimed that the defamatory words in normal circumstances meant, among other things, that the plaintiff had robbed the people of their money with regard to 1MDB transactions and, as such, the plaintiff was someone who could not be trusted and not qualified to hold public office.
Najib, who is also the Umno president, said the words constituted a very serious defamation and resulted in him (Najib) being brought into public scandal, hatred and humiliation among friends, acquaintances and the public in the country and at the international level as well as caused a tense relationship between the people and the international community and the plaintiff.
He said the publication of the defamatory words had damaged his reputation, which would continue for years because the recording of the speech could be accessed widely and easily throughout the world via the Internet, blogs, forums and websites without any restriction and could be reshared.
Najib claimed that Pua and Chan did not make any effort to contact him to verify the truth of the defamatory words before publication.
Najib said he, through his counsel, sent a notice of claim of defamation to both the defendants on Nov 21 last year but they continued to publish the defamatory words against him.
As such, Najib claimed for general damages, exemplary damages, costs and an injunction to prevent the first and second defendants or their agents from publishing further the defamatory words against him.
Najib also demanded that Pua and Chan publish a written apology in the newspapers and magazines to be identified by him in the form and terminology to be determined by him.
He also demanded that the first defendant remove the recording of the speech from his Facebook account and the second defendant, from the Mediarakyat YouTube, the Mediarakyat website and the Mediarakyat Facebook immediately from the date of judgment.
Source: http://www.bernama.com/bernama/v8/newsindex.php?id=1114527
← 1MDB says will cooperate with A-G audit, insists attacks political Abducted marine cop released, says Sabah Chief Minister (updated) →
Gopal Raj Kumar 07/03/2015
About time the PM began to bite back. Is this a case of the empire strikes back??
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Covid-19: AirAsia implements new travel policies
KUALA LUMPUR: AirAsia Group has implemented new travel policies for its passengers in light of the Covid-19 pandemic, including requiring guests to bring and wear their own face masks before, during and after their flight, as well as during check-ins and bag collection.
Passengers without a face mask will not be allowed to board the flight, said chief safety officer Captain Ling Liong Tien in a statement on AirAsia’s website today.
Additionally, AirAsia has also revised its cabin baggage policy to facilitate social distancing, especially during embarkation and disembarkation, allowing only one piece of cabin baggage not exceeding five kilogramme per guest.
Ling said this will help to minimise unwanted contact between guest and another guest’s baggage and vice-versa.
There will also be temperature checks at different checkpoints, including the boarding gates, he said, adding all crew members will be required to go through temperature checks after every shift.
“Of course, social distancing will need to be observed, so there will be floor markers at queuing areas, including check-in counters and kiosks.
“Another safety precaution will be alternate check-in counters to ensure sufficient distance, and we are also working to have contactless check-in processes as well,” he said.
Ling said cabin crews are required to wear protective equipment in the aircraft, including masks and gloves.
He said the production staff will be monitored according to the Covid-19 guidelines and cabin crew handling menu items will be required to wear disposable gloves.
“Moreover, our cabin crew are all trained with procedures on how to manage suspected patients or passengers who are unwell onboard.
“Safety is the most crucial component of the aviation industry, and we will definitely continue to strive towards ensuring that this ever-important mode of connectivity meets all required health and safety standards for both our employees and our guests,” he added. – Bernama
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Bereavement Evaluation Forum
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Category Archives: Resources
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Keeping in touch when you can’t be with someone who may die
In this difficult time of coronavirus, we are all restricted...
Parental Bereavement Leave and Pay introduced on 6 April
Parents who suffer the devastating loss of a child under 18 are now entitled to two weeks of statutory leave. The Parental Bereavement Leave and Pay Regulations, which will be known as Jack’s Law in memory of Jack Herd...
The NHS Long Term Plan sets out a range of ambitions for the NHS over the next ten years. It has been followed up with other key NHS documents such as the new GP contract, and guidance on social...
A Connected Society
The government’s Loneliness Strategy is published today. The strategy highlights bereavement as a trigger for feelings of loneliness. As part of the strategy, the Prime Minister confirmed all GPs in England will be able to refer patients experiencing loneliness to...
Death certification reform
The Government has responded to the consultation and set out its intentions to reform death certification. The purpose of the reforms is to improve engagement with bereaved people in the process of death certification and offer them an opportunity to...
Death, Dying and Devolution
This policy brief reviews policy areas associated with death, dying and bereavement within the context of devolution. It focuses on the national and regional delegation of power, resources and authority across the UK and the implications of this for those...
National Bereavement Care Pathway for pregnancy & baby loss
A core group of charities and professional bodies are leading the development of a National Bereavement Care Pathway for pregnancy and baby loss. 11 sites will trial the use of new materials, guidelines and training for professionals to help...
Changes to Bereavement Payments
The scheme of payments for bereaved spouses and civil partners changed on 6 April 2017. For the first time, widowed people under 45 without children will receive support. However, the majority of those with children will be worse off,...
Perinatal Pathway for Babies with Palliative Care Needs
Together for Short Lives have revised their Neonatal pathway. The dedicated care pathway starts from the point of recognition that a baby has a life-threatening condition and may not survive for long after birth and through their neonatal period....
National Guidance on Learning from Deaths
This guidance aims to help standardise and improve the way acute, mental health and community Trusts identify, report, review, investigate and learn from deaths, and engage with bereaved families and carers. Published by: National Quality Board
The National Bereavement Alliance vision is that all people have awareness of and access to support and services throughout their bereavement experience.
How members contribute
All members of the Alliance contribute to this vision through their own aims and objectives. While we are diverse in the focus of our work, we are united in support for bereaved people.
Copyright © National Bereavement Alliance 2021. All rights reserved.
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Car News > Volkswagen > Volkswagen unveils new Caddy California
Volkswagen unveils new Caddy California
Volkswagen has finally revealed its new Caddy California after several teasers.
The compact camper has been jam-packed with features to ensure that it’s the ideal mode of transport for those who want to take their home creature-comforts with them on the open road.
As such, it features a mini kitchen which can be pulled out of the back to the rear of the car, allowing the user to cook at standing height. Don’t worry about cooking in the rain, however, as the tailgate hatch provides protection from the elements. The kitchen incorporates a single hob gas cooker, while a bottom pull-out section includes space for utensils and other items. Behind this area is a securely locked and vented box which houses the gas bottle.
A fold-out bed is fitted into the cabin too, and when folded up reduces to a third of its length and sits in above the boot space. However, at 1,980×1,070mm it’s impressively spacious and, according to Volkswagen, provides the same level of comfort that you’d find in the larger California. Two camping chairs and a camping table can be stored underneath the bed too.
An optional panoramic roof can be fitted too, allowing those sleeping in the Caddy to have a view of the stars at night. This is joined by a storage bag system on the rear side windows which gives even more space for odds and ends.
A new modular tent system has been included with the Caddy too. Ideal for a family, the tent has space for two people and can be connected to the van or used completely separately if needed.
Inside, the Caddy benefits from Volkswagen’s latest digital cockpit and 10-inch Discover Pro infotainment system as well as integrated eSIM technology which allows the infotainment system to access mobile services on the move.
Powering the Caddy is a new turbocharged diesel engine, available in two outputs. The Caddy California will also be available with a four-wheel-drive powertrain in addition to the standard front-wheel-drive version.
By Jack Evans
After completing his university studies in English and Creative Writing in Cardiff, Jack is now a full time motoring writer at Blackball Media. His love of cars stems from his childhood years when he began to live and breathe all-things automotive.
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Home / 2015 / June / 03 / What musical taste tells us about social class
What musical taste tells us about social class
Jun 3, 2015 | For more information, contact Glenn Drexhage
Credit: Ragnaar Bastiaan
Love the opera? Hungry for hip hop? It turns out that your musical likes and dislikes may say more about you than you think, according to UBC research.
Even in 2015, social class continues to inform our cultural attitudes and the way we listen to music, according to the study, which was recently published in the Canadian Review of Sociology.
“Breadth of taste is not linked to class. But class filters into specific likes and dislikes,” said Gerry Veenstra, study author and professor at UBC’s Department of Sociology.
The study involved nearly 1,600 telephone interviews with adults in Vancouver and Toronto, who were asked about their likes and dislikes of 21 musical genres. Veenstra himself is partial to easy listening, musical theatre and pop.
Gerry Veenstra
Poorer, less-educated people tended to like country, disco, easy listening, golden oldies, heavy metal and rap. Meanwhile, their wealthier and better-educated counterparts preferred genres such as classical, blues, jazz, opera, choral, pop, reggae, rock, world and musical theatre.
The research touches on a hotly debated topic in cultural sociology: whether one’s class is accompanied by specific cultural tastes, or whether “elites” are defined by a broad palette of preferences that sets them apart.
The study determines that wealth and education do not influence a person’s breadth of musical taste. However, class and other factors – such as age, gender, immigrant status and ethnicity – shape our musical tastes in interesting and complex ways.
What people don’t want to listen to also plays a key role in creating class boundaries. “What upper class people like is disliked by the lower class, and vice versa,” said Veenstra.
For example, the least-educated people in the study were over eight times more likely to dislike classical music compared to the best-educated respondents. Meanwhile, lowbrow genres such as country, easy listening and golden oldies were disliked by higher-class listeners.
The study, “Class Position and Musical Tastes: A Sing-Off between the Cultural Omnivorism and Bourdieusian Homology Frameworks” is published in the Canadian Review of Sociology.
The research involved telephone interviews with 732 adults in Toronto and 863 adults in Vancouver.
Find other stories about: Canadian Review of Sociology, Department of Sociology, Gerry Veenstra, music, Sociology
Glenn Drexhage
glenn.drexhage@ubc.ca
@GDrexhageUBC
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Home » Entertainment » John Abraham-starrer ‘Satyameva Jayate 2’ gets a release date
John Abraham-starrer ‘Satyameva Jayate 2’ gets a release date
The film, which also stars Divya Khosla Kumar in the lead, will be directed by Milap Milan Zaveri
Published on : Fri 27th September 2019, 03:20 PM
After Satyamev Jayate, powerhouse John Abraham is back to treat his fans again with the sequel of his film. Satyamev Jayte 2 will hit the big screens on October 2 next year.
The film, which also stars Divya Khosla Kumar in the lead, will be directed by Milap Milan Zaveri. The upcoming action-drama will be bankrolled by Bhushan Kumar, Krishan Kumar, Monisha Advani, Madhu Bhojwani and Nikkhil Advani.
The shooting of the film began on September 20 and the director of the film, Milap had shared the news along with pictures of him and John on Twitter.
He wrote, “It all started 2 years back with a phone call to [?]@minnakshidas[?] in the hope that she would give me an appointment to narrate Satyameva Jayate to John Abraham[?] and here we are today starting Part 2! #SatyamevaJayate2 Love you both.”
IT’S OFFICIAL… John Abraham and Divya Khosla Kumar in #SatyamevaJayate2… Directed by Milap Milan Zaveri… Produced by Bhushan Kumar, Krishan Kumar, Monisha Advani, Madhu Bhojwani and Nikkhil Advani… 2 Oct 2020 release. pic.twitter.com/cokphhns7s
— taran adarsh (@taran_adarsh) September 27, 2019
Like the first installment, ‘Satyameva Jayate 2’, a standalone sequel, will also focus on the fight against injustice and misuse of power. Post the release of Sidharth Malhotra-starrer ‘Marjaavaan’, Milap will start working on the film.
The upcoming drama will also star Manoj Bajpayee and Amyra Dastur in pivotal roles.
John will also be seen in Anees Bazmee’s comedy riot ‘Pagalpanti’ along with Anil Kapoor, Ileana D’Cruz, Arshad Warsi, Pulkit Samrat, Kriti Kharbanda, Urvashi Rautela, and Saurabh Shukla.
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Tillerson aims to ease Qatar crisis with shuttle diplomacy | Inquirer News
Tillerson aims to ease Qatar crisis with shuttle diplomacy
Associated Press / 07:28 PM July 10, 2017
In this photo, taken June 13, 2017, Secretary of State Rex Tillerson testifies on Capitol Hill in Washington. In a dramatic shift, the Trump administration on June 20 demanded that Saudi Arabia and other Arab countries boycotting Qatar produce details of their complaints about the small Persian Gulf monarchy’s support for extremism and reach a speedy resolution to the diplomatic crisis. The comments suggested Tillerson was losing patience in a mediation attempt. (Photo by JACQUELYN MARTIN / AP)
ISTANBUL — As the Gulf crisis over Qatar festers, US Secretary of State Rex Tillerson is embarking on his first shuttle diplomacy mission, heading to the region in a bid to end a deadlock that has badly damaged ties between several key American partners and threatens to hinder counter terrorism efforts.
Tillerson will hop between Kuwait, Qatar and Saudi Arabia from Monday until Thursday, the State Department said, meeting Arab leaders to test new ways of resolving the impasse that has persisted despite Kuwaiti efforts to mediate a resolution.
US officials said Monday that Tillerson did not expect to produce a breakthrough, which they warned could be more than a month away. Rather, they said, he wants to explore possibilities for bringing all sides to the negotiating table.
“We’ve had one round of exchanges and dialogue and didn’t advance the ball,” said senior Tillerson adviser R.C. Hammond. He referred to Qatar’s rejection of 13 demands that Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, the United Arab Emirates and Egypt set out restore diplomatic relations they severed and end a blockade they imposed on Qatar in early June.
“We will work with Kuwait and see if we can hash out a different strategy,” Hammond said.
Hammond, speaking to reporters in Istanbul where Tillerson traveled after visiting Ukraine and attending the G-20 summit in Hamburg last week, said the 13 demands were not viable, at least as a package.
“They are done,” he said. “They are not worth revisiting as a package but individually there are things in there that could work.”
The list of ultimatums to restore ties and end the air, land, and sea embargo included demands to shut down the media network Al-Jazeera, cut ties with Islamist groups, including the Muslim Brotherhood, limit ties with Iran and expel Turkish troops stationed in Qatar.
Hammond would not elaborate on which of the 13 might be possible for Qatar to meet but he said concessions from the Saudis, Bahrainis, Emiratis and Egyptians would be required for a resolution.
“This is a two-way street,” he said, referring in particular to allegations that all the players in the crisis have been involved in some way of funding extremists. “There are no clean hands.”
Washington’s primary concern is halting extremist financing to hold gains being made in Iraq and Syria and prevent the spread of terrorism, which has badly affected Europe. At the G-20 summit, Europeans voiced particular concern to President Donald Trump and Tillerson about the impact the Gulf crisis could have on that front, according to Hammond.
“The patience of the world has changed,” Hammond said, noting that both the British and German foreign ministers had visited Saudi Arabia and Qatar in the past week to discuss the importance of resolving the crisis quickly.
A resolution could have ripple effects as well, he said, including reducing Iran’s influence and ability to support extremists. Iran has been building closer ties with Qatar and is sending food and other supplies there to make up for products that the Arab embargo has kept out.
In addition, there are US military interests at stake. Two of the five countries in the dispute are home to major American military bases: Bahrain hosts the US Navy’s Fifth Fleet, which patrols Gulf waters with a close eye on Iran’s presence there, and Qatar hosts al-Udeid Air Base, which is the largest US military installation in the Middle East and serves as the hub for the US-led anti-ISIS coalition operations in Iraq and Syria.
The specifics of Tillerson’s shuttle travel, including the exact dates for each stop, were still in flux on Monday and not immediately announced.
His decision to embark on the mission nevertheless signaled at least a reluctant acceptance of the critical role the United States could play in taking a more active mediation role, particularly as some believe that Trump may have precipitated the crisis by siding publicly with Saudi Arabia during a visit to Riyadh in May and then pointing out that numerous Arab leaders had complained to him about Qatar.
Since it began, the administration had maintained it was a “family” dispute that should be resolved among the parties without a significant US role. Tillerson himself had made clear his reluctance to get too deeply involved, although he met in Washington with senior officials from the feuding countries.
But with no apparent progress, the State Department warned last week that the dispute could drag on for weeks or months and “could possibly even intensify.”
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TAGS: Qatar crisis, rex tillerson, US-Qatar relations
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7 November 2013 / Getglue
i.TV buys TV-checkin app GetGlue
Provo-based i.TV bought TV-checkin app GetGlue for an undisclosed amount. GetGlue has more than 4.5 million registered users and has partnered with 75 TV networks to engage fans during primetime.
New York, NY and Provo, UT — November 6, 2013 — i.TV today announced the acquisition of GetGlue, maker of the leading second screen and TV check-in platform. Terms of the deal were not disclosed.
“GetGlue has built an impressive product with a highly engaged audience,” said i.TV CEO, Brad Pelo. “With over 4.5 million registered users, GetGlue delivers over 1 billion social impressions every month to 100 million unique Facebook and Twitter users. With this kind of reach, it’s no wonder more than 75 TV networks partner with GetGlue to engage with their fans, and 30 media companies integrate with the GetGlue API. i.TV’s own platform of second screen services power experiences for brands like Nintendo, AOL, Huffington Post, TELUS and i.TV’s own leading TV guide application. Together, i.TV and GetGlue will reshape the social TV and second screen landscape.”
i.TV will continue to build and grow GetGlue as an independent product, while enabling GetGlue to benefit from i.TV’s broader platform of partners and services. The GetGlue experience will continue uninterrupted for GetGlue users and partners, while improvements and updates will be forthcoming. GetGlue will maintain its New York City presence.
“While there are a variety of general-purpose social platforms, we’ve found that TV viewers prefer an experience built just for them,” added Pelo. “Together, i.TV and GetGlue are positioned to deliver the richest, most enjoyable, and most social second screen experience at a time when viewers are more eager than ever to watch and share with each other. We will have more to announce on that note early next year.”
About i.TV
Creator of the most downloaded TV guide app in the history of Apple’s App Store, i.TV designs and builds second screen and social TV experiences for brands like AOL, Huffington Post, Entertainment Weekly, and Nintendo. Every month over 15 million people use i.TV technology to discover, watch and engage with television. For more information, visit i.TV.
Thanks For The Chance, Mom
The first time we met I could barely keep all of my emotions in check. I was 15 years old, sitting inside a booth at a Sizzler in Provo, Utah with my older
Clint Betts
Recruiter’s View — Why tech talent comes to Utah
To an outsider there are many aspects of Utah that make it undesirable. It’s cold seven months of the year, there aren’t that many people out here, it’s in the
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Connect by phone: 206.621.0094
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IssuesThe NW Energy Coalition tackles issues related to its four pillar objectives: securing all cost-effective energy efficiency, investing in new renewable energy, protecting energy consumers – especially low-income consumers, and restoring fish and wildlife harmed by the Northwest’s hydropower system. Specific issues and venues vary over time and geography, but all our actions point toward a future in which energy efficiency and new renewable energy meet all our growing power needs, benefiting energy users and enhancing wildlife and the environment.
Energy EfficiencyConservation improves efficiency and allows us to power our homes, businesses and industries with less energy. Meeting the growing demand for energy through conservation and energy efficiency causes no environmental damage and costs less than building new power plants.
Equity & AffordabilityElectricity is a necessity of modern life. The Energy Coalition advocates programs that provide home weatherization and bill assistance so that low-income families don’t lose their service or suffer exorbitant energy costs. And all residential utility costumers deserve protection from poor electric service and unfair rate hikes.
Decarbonizing Buildings, Transportation & FuelsHuman-induced global warming poses perhaps the greatest threat ever to our very survival and that of countless other plant and animal species across the globe. To achieve the cuts in emissions in carbon dioxide and other global-warming pollutants needed to avoid the most dire consequences of climate change, we must stop relying on carbon-emitting fossil-fueled power plants for our electricity. In addition to promoting clean energy choices by utilities and regulatory agencies, the NW Energy Coalition is actively engaged in state and regional processes aimed at economy-wide cuts in carbon pollution.
Fish & WildlifeSalmon and steelhead are icons of the Pacific Northwest – important to both the region’s culture and economy. Yet many runs in the Columbia River Basin are listed as threatened or endangered under the Endangered Species Act. Hydroelectric dams that harness the Columbia and Snake Rivers for power production are the biggest killers of these fish and threaten other fish and wildlife. By striking a balance between dams, energy and salmon, we can enjoy clean energy, wild salmon, and healthy fish and wildlife populations.
Renewable EnergyClean, renewable energy sources – including wind, solar and geothermal power – do not pollute our air or our water and will never run out, unlike coal, natural gas and other fossil fuels. While fossil fuels are still the dominant source of electricity worldwide, renewable energy development is on the rise.
Energy ActivistA repository for digital copies of the original, printed Energy Activist. Written for people who don’t analyze energy policy for a living, The Energy Activist helped Coalition members and allies keep track of often complex energy and salmon issues. Each edition explores a key issue affecting the Northwest’s energy future.
Get InvolvedEnergy is the single issue that lies at the heart of almost every major environmental problem we face in the Northwest, including global warming, salmon extinctions, nuclear contamination, oil spills and air pollution. Energy also lies at the heart of our economic future, with far-reaching impacts on national security, the vitality of our businesses and industries, the health of the economy, employment, and the ability of low-income citizens to secure basic services like heat and light. We’ll be paying for today’s energy decisions for the rest of our lives. Our children and their children will pay for them too. The good news is that you can get involved now, while the important choices are being made. This section will help you find out how.%CODE2% BECOME A MEMBER The Coalition is an alliance of over 100 members that Include environmental, consumer, civic, and human service organizations; progressive utilities; and energy efficiency and renewable energy businesses from Alaska, Idaho, Montana, Oregon, Washington and British Columbia.%CODE2% Join the coalition %CODE2%Donate Help support our work advocating for a clean and affordable energy future by donating to the NW Energy Coalition. You may donate online with a Visa or Mastercard: %CODE1% The NW Energy Coalition…
About UsThe NW Energy Coalition is an alliance of more than 100 environmental, civic, and human service organizations, progressive utilities, and businesses in Oregon, Washington, Idaho, Montana, Alaska and British Columbia. We promote development of renewable energy and energy conservation, consumer protection, low-income energy assistance, and fish and wildlife restoration on the Columbia and Snake rivers. The NW Energy Coalition and its members advocate a clean and affordable energy future for the region based on: Meeting all new energy demand with energy efficiency and new renewable resources. Full and fair accounting for the environmental effects of energy decisions. Protecting and restoring the fish and wildlife of the Columbia River Basin. Consumer and low-income protection. Informed public involvement in building a clean and affordable energy future. %CODE1% Award Winners Bob Olsen Memorial Conservation Eagle Award Winners %CODE1% Headwaters Award Recipients %CODE1% Coalition Bylaws 2008 Strategic Plan (.pdf file)
BoardOfficers Chair: Chuck Magraw 501 8th Ave. Helena, MT 59601 c.magraw(at)bresnan.net Vice-Chair: Pat Ford Save Our Wild Salmon 406 Pueblo Boise, ID 83702 pford(at)wildidaho.org Secretary: Katherine Schacht Emerald People’s Utility District 33733 Seavey Lp Rd Eugene, OR 97405 kschacht(at)epud.net Treasurer: George Pohndorf Puget Sound Energy PO Box 97034 Bellevue, WA 98009 george.pohndorf(at)pse.com Chair Emeritus: Ken Miller Snake River Alliance 350 N 9th St # B610 Boise, ID 83702-5473 kmiller(at)snakeriveralliance.org Caucus chairs Montana: Kyla Wiens Montana Environmental Information Center P.O. Box 1184 Helena, MT 59624 kwiens(at)meic.org Oregon: Jeff Hammarlund Earth and Spirit Council 3150 NE 32nd Ave Portland, OR 97212 jeffhammarlund(at)usa.net Washington: Don André The Campion Foundation 1904 3rd Avenue Suite 405 Seattle, WA 98101-1150 don(at)campionfoundation.org British Columbia: TBD Idaho: TBD Additional Members Jim Morton Human Resource Council, District XI 1801 South Higgins Missoula, MT 59801 jpm(at)hrcxi.org Jeff Bissonnette Fair and Clean Energy Coalition 610 SW Broadway Suite 308 Portland, OR 97205 LeeAnne Beres Earth Ministry 6512 23rd Ave NW, Suite 317 Seattle, WA 98117 LeeAnne(at)earthministry.org
Coalition HistoryNorthwest Power Act spawns advocacy coalition In 1980, Pres. Jimmy Carter signed into law the Pacific Northwest Electric Power Planning and Conservation Act. Mark Reis, who had been a staffer for Rep. Jim Weaver of Oregon during the three-year struggle to pass the bill, recognized that energy was not the prime focus of any of the groups that had played key roles in advancing the legislation. Reis saw that a regional advocacy organization would be needed to keep the Bonneville Power Administration focused on the letter and intent of the new law. Around 25 organizations, mostly environmental groups but also several unions including United Food and Commercial Workers, formed what was then called the Northwest Conservation Act Coalition. Subscription sales of the Coalition’s first regular publication, the Northwest Conservation Act Report, kept the fledgling Coalition afloat during its early years. By 1983, the Coalition’s expert analyses of energy issues already were affecting regional energy policy. The Northwest Power Planning (now Northwest Power and Conservation) Council’s 1983 regional power plan mirrored the Coalition’s own Model Plan, adopted a year earlier. By the end of the 80s, the Coalition had convinced regulators in all four Northwest states – Montana, Idaho, Oregon, Washington…
Organizational DocumentsOrganizational Documents Coalition Bylaws 2008 Strategic Plan (.pdf file) 2012 Strategic Plan %CODE1% %CODE2% Award Winners Bob Olsen Memorial Conservation Eagle Award Winners Headwaters Award Recipients %CODE1% %CODE2% Board Resolutions & Policy Statements Utility Energy Efficiency Incentives and Disincentives Resolution – Nov.14, 2009 Feed-in Tariff Resolution – Nov 14, 2009 NW Energy Coalition statement on coal exports – Aug 18, 2011 NW Energy Coalition Resolution on Forest Biomass for Electricity Generation – May 19, 2012
StaffSara Patton Executive Director Phone: (206) 621-0094 sara@nwenergy.org Sara Patton has led the NW Energy Coalition as its Executive Director since November 1993. Sara has worked on clean energy for over twenty-five years. Before coming to the Coalition she worked on conservation policy and planning at Seattle City Light. Sara earned her law degree from Antioch School of Law. Sara has been on the Board of Directors of Save our Wild Salmon since 1995, is a board member for the Northwest Energy Efficiency Alliance and is a member of the Pike Place Market Historical Commission. ____________________________________ Nancy Hirsh Policy Director Phone: (206) 621-0094 nancy@nwenergy.org Nancy Hirsh is Policy Director for the NW Energy Coalition. Nancy directs the Coalition’s efforts to enhance investments in energy efficiency, renewable resources, and low income energy services through work with utilities, commissioners, regulators, and legislators. Prior to joining the Coalition in 1996, she spent twelve years in Washington, DC working on national energy policy issues for the Environmental Action Foundation and the National Wildlife Federation. ____________________________________ Marc Krasnowsky Communications Director Phone: (206) 621-0094 marc@nwenergy.org Marc is Communications Director for the NW Energy Coalition. A Seattle native, he spent many years in the Midwest as a…
Contact%CODE1% Main Office (Seattle) NW Energy Coalition 811 1st Ave, Suite 305 Seattle, WA 98104 Phone: (206) 621-0094 Fax: (206) 621-0097 Helena, MT 107 W. Lawrence, Suite N10 Helena, MT 59601 Phone: (406) 461 6632 .
Roadmap 11: Call for Proposals Open
Nov 1, 2017 | Posted by nwenergy | Uncategorized |
Coalition member, Forth, is looking for speakers for its Roadmap 11 Conference, June 19-20, 2018 in Portland, OR. Forth is looking for speakers who are working on cutting-edge projects, asking the tough questions, and are experimenting with making shared, autonomous, connected, and electric mobility work in a variety of unexpected situations. Click here for submission requirements, due by December 15, 2017.
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NEW ZEALAND KINDERGARTENS
TE PŪTAHI KURA PUHOU O AOTEAROA
“Kindergarten has been a fabric of New Zealand society for a long time and the institutional
trust that New Zealanders have in the brand is crucial to the ongoing viability and messaging of quality in early childhood education.”
“NZK’s commitment to qualified teachers ensures that children are receiving the best of education and ongoing development trends are maintained through the sector,” – Craig Vercoe, Chief Executive Officer, Nelson Tasman Kindergarten Association.
New Zealand Kindergartens is a Not-For-Profit Incorporated Society and registered charity. We are governed by a board made up of elected and appointed members. We demonstrate best practice governance through the adoption of the New Zealand Institute of Directors’ Four Pillars methodology. We are a member-led organisation that currently represents 14 local Kindergarten Associations. Each Association is a Not-for-Profit Incorporated Society and registered charity governed by a board made up
of elected and appointed members.
COLLECTIVELY OUR MEMBERS:
EDUCATE AND CARE FOR MORE THAN 7,000 CHILDREN WHO PARTICIPATE AT
161 KINDERGARTENS AND SIX CENTRES, SUPPORTED BY
22 SENIOR TEACHERS, 169 HEAD TEACHERS, AND MORE THAN 835 TEACHERS.
Our teaching staff is 100% qualified. They are registered teachers, and they are covered by the same legislation and code of practice as teachers in schools.
In addition to working with our member Associations, we work in partnership with Early Childhood Leadership (ECL) – Counties Manukau, Waikato and Central Kids Kindergarten Associations. We also work closely with other Early Childhood Education Peak Bodies to advance mutually beneficial agendas.
Kindergarten becomes hive of learning on birthday – Otago Daily Times
Being pitched into a mass of stinging insects might not sound like everyone’s idea of a birthday treat.
But Frankie Wells, who turned 4 yesterday, could not have been more excited.
Her preschool, Bayfield Kindergarten, has a very busy beehive in its back garden, and as a birthday treat Frankie was one of two pupils allowed to don the school’s child-sized beekeeping suits and get up close and personal with the nectar-gathering insects.
Meri Kirihimete: Marlborough kindy prepares te reo float for Christmas parade – Stuff
The Picton Kindergarten float for the town’s Christmas parade doesn’t happen overnight … it takes weeks to pull together.
And this year, the theme of their float is based around a book and song in te reo Māori which counts down the number of sleeps until Santa comes.
It’s something 4-year-old Finley Thomson is looking forward to, as well as seeing Santa and looking at all the decorated trees.
South Canterbury Kindergartens celebrate 75 years
Past and present kindergarten teachers have celebrated 75 years of kindergartens in South Canterbury.
About 90 people gathered at the Landing Service Building, in Timaru, on Saturday afternoon for speeches and reminiscing.
South Canterbury Kindergartens general manager Dave Hawkey said about 30 of those attending were former head teachers.
Kindy party to mark 100th – Southland Express
The oldest kindergarten in Invercargill is celebrating its 100th birthday this weekend.
Ranui Kindergarten head teacher Carey Corkery said all past, present and future whanau who had been involved with the kindergarten were welcome to come along to the open day on Sunday to celebrate.
Although the party had to be put on hold due to Covid-19, Ms Corkery said now was the perfect time to mark the occasion.
First time author writes about 75 years of South Canterbury kindergartens – Timaru Herald
This year kindergartens in the region celebrate 75 years. Reporter Esther Ashby-Coventry spoke to the woman behind the book which celebrates the milestone.
After writing her first book about the history of South Canterbury’s kindergartens, Marie Rapley is itching to write more.
The mother-of-one volunteered for the project after discovering a wealth of historical information in the basement of Hanan Kindergarten where her daughter had previously attended.
The result is Consistency and Change – 75 years of South Canterbury Kindergartens.
Kerikeri Kindergarten a finalist in national biosecurity awards – The Northern Advocate
Kerikeri Kindergarten is thrilled to have been named a finalist in this year’s New Zealand Biosecurity Awards for an initiative which teaches pupils to become guardians of the forest.
The kindy is among 27 finalists named from a pool of 70 entries for the awards which recognise biosecurity champions making a difference to protect New Zealand’s unique environment from pests and diseases.
Late January check with your local association - Thursday 16 April
Monday 3 May - Friday 9 July
Monday 26 July - Friday 30 September
Monday 18 October - Late December check with your local association
©2018 New Zealand Kindergartens Inc. Te Pūtahi Kura Puhou o Aotearoa
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1. Huang, Guanjie, 1991-. SFT-based DOA detection on co-prime array.
Degree: MS, Electrical and Computer Engineering, 2015, Rutgers University
URL: https://rucore.libraries.rutgers.edu/rutgers-lib/48513/
► In the thesis, we propose a direction of arrival (DOA) estimation method with co-prime sensor arrays based on the Sparse Fourier Transform (SFT). A co-prime… (more)
▼ In the thesis, we propose a direction of arrival (DOA) estimation method with co-prime sensor arrays based on the Sparse Fourier Transform (SFT). A co-prime array is composed of two uniform linear arrays (ULAs) whose inter-sensor spacings are (M*lambda) /2 and (N*lambda )/2, respectively,where M and N are co-prime integers and the represents the signal wavelength. The co- prime array is adopted here because it can extend the degrees of freedom thus bene ting DOA detection. Assuming that there are not many targets in the array far eld, the array snapshot is sparse in the spatial frequency domain. Since the spatial frequencies of the array snapshot contain DOA information, the DFT is traditionally used to obtain DOA information. In the thesis, the SFT is employed to estimate the DOA instead of the DFT. Compared to the DFT, the SFT only needs a small subset of snapshot samples to estimate the signi cant coe cients. Owing to this advantage, we design a new method to estimate DOA, using a subset of sensors. Both analytical and computer simulations con rm the validity of the proposed approach. Advisors/Committee Members: Petropulu, Athina (chair).
Subjects/Keywords: Fourier transformations
Record Details Similar Records Cite Share »
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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Huang, Guanjie, 1. (2015). SFT-based DOA detection on co-prime array . (Masters Thesis). Rutgers University. Retrieved from https://rucore.libraries.rutgers.edu/rutgers-lib/48513/
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Huang, Guanjie, 1991-. “SFT-based DOA detection on co-prime array.” 2015. Masters Thesis, Rutgers University. Accessed January 15, 2021. https://rucore.libraries.rutgers.edu/rutgers-lib/48513/.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Huang, Guanjie, 1991-. “SFT-based DOA detection on co-prime array.” 2015. Web. 15 Jan 2021.
Huang, Guanjie 1. SFT-based DOA detection on co-prime array. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Rutgers University; 2015. [cited 2021 Jan 15]. Available from: https://rucore.libraries.rutgers.edu/rutgers-lib/48513/.
Huang, Guanjie 1. SFT-based DOA detection on co-prime array. [Masters Thesis]. Rutgers University; 2015. Available from: https://rucore.libraries.rutgers.edu/rutgers-lib/48513/
2. Taillard, Julien. Une approche orientée modèle pour la parallélisation d'un code de calcul éléments finis : A model driven approach to parallelize finite element method.
Degree: Docteur es, Informatique, 2009, Université Lille I – Sciences et Technologies
URL: http://www.theses.fr/2009LIL10013
La généralisation des processeurs multi-coeurs rendant la plupart des machines disponibles parallèles, l’utilisation de ce parallélisme est important afin d’obtenir des performances. Les travaux de… (more)
La généralisation des processeurs multi-coeurs rendant la plupart des machines disponibles parallèles, l’utilisation de ce parallélisme est important afin d’obtenir des performances. Les travaux de cette thèse s’inscrivent dans le cadre du développement d’applications parallèles afin de bénéficier du parallélisme des architectures d’exécution actuelles. Dans cette thèse, nous proposons une méthodologie de développement d’applications parallèles basée sur l’ingénierie dirigée par les modèles (IDM). La spécification des applications est réalisée à l’aide du langage de modélisation UML. Après avoir défini cette méthodologie d’IDM, l’extension d’un profil UML basé sur le langage Array-OL est ensuite proposé afin d’étendre le domaine des applications modélisables aux applications de calcul scientifique. La partie suivante est la définition d’un métamodèle de langage de procédural. Ce métamodèle est indépendant des langages cibles et permet l’utilisation de la même transformation afin de produire ces différentes cibles. Ce métamodèle autorise l’utilisation des bibliothèques parallèles (OpenMP ou MPI) dans le but de produire du code parallèle. Ensuite la chaîne de compilation reposant sur le concept de transformations de modèles est développée et introduite dans le cadre de l’environnement Gaspard. La cible de cette compilation est les machines à mémoires partagées programmées à l’aide du langage OpenMP. Enfin, cette méthodologie est utilisée dans le cadre du développement d’applications de simulations de phénomènes électromagnétiques. À partir de ces modélisations, des patrons de conceptions génériques de calculs classiques sont extraits. Les résultats obtenus sur les applications modélisées statiquement sont satisfaisants.
The multicore processors generalization has led to the fact that most of the available computers are parallel, and utilization of this parallelism is important to obtain performance. This thesis deals with the development of parallel applications in order to benefit the available parallelism. In this thesis, we propose a methodology to develop parallel application based on the Model Driven Engineering (MDE). Applications specification is realized using the Unified Modeling Language (UML). After defining this methodology, an extension of the UML profile based on the Array-OL language is proposed to extend the application domain to scientific computing applications. The following part is the definition of a metamodel of procedural languages. This metamodel, independent of the targeted languages, allows to use the same model transformations for different targets. The use of a parallel library (such as OpenMP or MPI) makes possible the production of parallel code. Then, the transformation chain based on the model transformation concept is developped and introduced in the Gaspard framework. Shared memory machines are the target of this compilation using the OpenMP language. Finally, this methodology is used in the development of an electromagnetism simulation. Starting from models, generic design patterns…
Advisors/Committee Members: Dekeyser, Jean-Luc (thesis director), Piriou, Francis (thesis director).
Subjects/Keywords: Transformations de modèle
Taillard, J. (2009). Une approche orientée modèle pour la parallélisation d'un code de calcul éléments finis : A model driven approach to parallelize finite element method . (Doctoral Dissertation). Université Lille I – Sciences et Technologies. Retrieved from http://www.theses.fr/2009LIL10013
Taillard, Julien. “Une approche orientée modèle pour la parallélisation d'un code de calcul éléments finis : A model driven approach to parallelize finite element method.” 2009. Doctoral Dissertation, Université Lille I – Sciences et Technologies. Accessed January 15, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2009LIL10013.
Taillard, Julien. “Une approche orientée modèle pour la parallélisation d'un code de calcul éléments finis : A model driven approach to parallelize finite element method.” 2009. Web. 15 Jan 2021.
Taillard J. Une approche orientée modèle pour la parallélisation d'un code de calcul éléments finis : A model driven approach to parallelize finite element method. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Université Lille I – Sciences et Technologies; 2009. [cited 2021 Jan 15]. Available from: http://www.theses.fr/2009LIL10013.
Taillard J. Une approche orientée modèle pour la parallélisation d'un code de calcul éléments finis : A model driven approach to parallelize finite element method. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Université Lille I – Sciences et Technologies; 2009. Available from: http://www.theses.fr/2009LIL10013
3. Bäck, Per. Bäcklund transformations for minimal surfaces.
Degree: Faculty of Science & Engineering, 2015, Linköping UniversityLinköping University
URL: http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-119914
► In this thesis, we study a Bäcklund transformation for minimal surfaces - surfaces with vanishing mean curvature - transforming a given minimal surface into a possible… (more)
▼ In this thesis, we study a Bäcklund transformation for minimal surfaces - surfaces with vanishing mean curvature - transforming a given minimal surface into a possible infinity of new ones. The transformation, also carrying with it mappings between solutions to the elliptic Liouville equation, is first derived by using geometrical concepts, and then by using algebraic methods alone - the latter we have not been able to find elsewhere. We end by exploiting the transformation in an example, transforming the catenoid into a family of new minimal surfaces.
Subjects/Keywords: Bäcklund transformations; Liouville equation; minimal surfaces; Ribaucour transformations; Thybaut transformations.
Bäck, P. (2015). Bäcklund transformations for minimal surfaces . (Thesis). Linköping UniversityLinköping University. Retrieved from http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-119914
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Bäck, Per. “Bäcklund transformations for minimal surfaces.” 2015. Thesis, Linköping UniversityLinköping University. Accessed January 15, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-119914.
Bäck, Per. “Bäcklund transformations for minimal surfaces.” 2015. Web. 15 Jan 2021.
Bäck P. Bäcklund transformations for minimal surfaces. [Internet] [Thesis]. Linköping UniversityLinköping University; 2015. [cited 2021 Jan 15]. Available from: http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-119914.
Bäck P. Bäcklund transformations for minimal surfaces. [Thesis]. Linköping UniversityLinköping University; 2015. Available from: http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-119914
4. Rosales, Edward. Stereo correspondence using an assisted discrete cosine transform method.
Degree: 2015, Ryerson University
URL: https://digital.library.ryerson.ca/islandora/object/RULA%3A3663
► Many approaches have been taken towards the development of a compliant stereo correspondence algorithm that is capable of producing accurate disparity maps within a short… (more)
▼ Many approaches have been taken towards the development of a compliant stereo correspondence algorithm that is capable of producing accurate disparity maps within a short period of time. There has been great progress over the past decade due to the vast increase in optimization techniques. Currently, the most successful algorithms contain explicit assumptions of the real world such as definitive differences in disparity among objects and constant textures within objects. This thesis starts by giving a brief description of disparity, along with descriptions of some common applications. Next, it explores various methods used in common stereo correspondence algorithms, as well as gives an in depth description and analysis of top performing algorithms. These algorithms are later used to compare with the proposed algorithm. In the proposed algorithm, frequency stereo correspondence in parallel with the traditional color intensity stereo correspondence is used to develop an initial disparity map. Frequency stereo correspondence is achieved using a winner-take-all block based Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) to find the largest frequency components as well as their positions to use in disparity estimation. The proposed algorithm uses methods that are computationally inexpensive to reduce the computational time that plagues many of the common stereo correspondence algorithms. The proposed algorithm achieves an average correct disparity rate of 95.3%. This results in a disparity error rate of 4.07% compared to the top performing algorithms in the Middlebury website [1]; the DoubleBP, CoopRegion, AdaptingBP, and ADCensus algorithms that have error rates of 4.19%, 4.41%, 4.23%, and 3.97%, respectively. Additionally, experimental results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm is computationally efficient and significantly reduces the processing time that plagues many of the common stereo correspondence algorithms. Advisors/Committee Members: Guan, Ling (Thesis advisor), Ryerson University (Degree grantor).
Subjects/Keywords: Computer vision – Mathematics.; Transformations (Mathematics)
Rosales, E. (2015). Stereo correspondence using an assisted discrete cosine transform method. (Thesis). Ryerson University. Retrieved from https://digital.library.ryerson.ca/islandora/object/RULA%3A3663
Rosales, Edward. “Stereo correspondence using an assisted discrete cosine transform method.” 2015. Thesis, Ryerson University. Accessed January 15, 2021. https://digital.library.ryerson.ca/islandora/object/RULA%3A3663.
Rosales, Edward. “Stereo correspondence using an assisted discrete cosine transform method.” 2015. Web. 15 Jan 2021.
Rosales E. Stereo correspondence using an assisted discrete cosine transform method. [Internet] [Thesis]. Ryerson University; 2015. [cited 2021 Jan 15]. Available from: https://digital.library.ryerson.ca/islandora/object/RULA%3A3663.
Rosales E. Stereo correspondence using an assisted discrete cosine transform method. [Thesis]. Ryerson University; 2015. Available from: https://digital.library.ryerson.ca/islandora/object/RULA%3A3663
5. Ruby, Glenn Russell. An algebraic view of the symmetry of fast transforms.
Degree: MS, Computer Science, 1982, Oregon State University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/41738
► Why are the fast Fourier transform and the fast Hadamard transform fast? A transform can be computed by multiplying a matrix times a vector, which… (more)
▼ Why are the fast Fourier transform and the fast Hadamard transform fast? A transform can be computed by multiplying a matrix times a vector, which normally requires 0(n²) operations. The matrices corresponding to these transforms can be rearranged to eliminate redundant computations resulting in O(nlogn) operations. We investigate algebraic reasons for fast transforms. Specifically, we notice that these fast transform matrices correspond to the multiplication tables of particular rings. We demonstrate sufficient conditions involving the decomposition of a ring into a descending chain of subrings and a corresponding ascending chain of annihilator subrings. These conditions allow the ring's multiplication table to be arranged in a form which is tiled with variations of a single subblock. We need conditions to insure that the mapping from the ring table to the transform matrix will preserve the subblock structure. One sufficient condition, motivated by the Fourier transform, is that the mapping is a homomorphism. Another sufficient condition, motivated by the Hadamard transform, is that the ring has an orthogonal basis. We display other rings satisfying these conditions or a mixture of these conditions which produce fast transform matrices. Our conditions are only sufficient: they give a proper subset of the transform matrices representable by the generalized Kronecker product of Fino and Algazi. However, our conditions can describe all commonly used transforms. Advisors/Committee Members: Cull, Paul (advisor).
Subjects/Keywords: Transformations (Mathematics)
Ruby, G. R. (1982). An algebraic view of the symmetry of fast transforms . (Masters Thesis). Oregon State University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1957/41738
Ruby, Glenn Russell. “An algebraic view of the symmetry of fast transforms.” 1982. Masters Thesis, Oregon State University. Accessed January 15, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1957/41738.
Ruby, Glenn Russell. “An algebraic view of the symmetry of fast transforms.” 1982. Web. 15 Jan 2021.
Ruby GR. An algebraic view of the symmetry of fast transforms. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Oregon State University; 1982. [cited 2021 Jan 15]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/41738.
Ruby GR. An algebraic view of the symmetry of fast transforms. [Masters Thesis]. Oregon State University; 1982. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/41738
6. Landi, Giacomo. A novel spectral approach to multi-scale modeling.
Degree: 2011, Drexel University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1860/3491
In this work, we present a novel approach for predicting the elastic, thermo-elastic and plastic fields in three-dimensional (3-D) voxel-based microstructure datasets subjected to uniform… (more)
In this work, we present a novel approach for predicting the elastic, thermo-elastic and plastic fields in three-dimensional (3-D) voxel-based microstructure datasets subjected to uniform periodic boundary conditions. Such localization relationships (linkages) lie at the core of all multi-scale modeling frameworks and can be efficiently formulated in a Discrete Fourier Transforms (DFT) - based knowledge system. This new formalism has its theoretical roots in the statistical continuum theories developed originally by Kroner [1]. However, in the approach described by Kroner, the terms in the series were established by selecting a reference medium and numerically evaluating a complex series of nested convolution integrals. This approach is largely hampered by the principal value problem, and exhibits high sensitivity to the properties of the selected reference medium. In the present work, the same series expressions have been recast into much more computationally efficient representations using DFTs. The spectral analysis transforms the complex integral relations into relatively simple algebraic expressions involving polynomials of structure parameters and morphology-independent influence coefficients. These coefficients need to be established only once for a given material system. The main advantage of the new DFT-based framework is that it allows easy calibration of Kroner’s expansions to results from finite element methods, thereby overcoming all of the main obstacles associated with the principal value problem and the need to select a reference medium.This approach can be seen as an efficient procedure for data-mining the results from computationally expensive numerical models and establishing the underlying knowledge systems at a selected length scale in multi-scale modeling problems. The set of influence coefficients described above constitutes the underlying knowledge for a given deformation and can be easily stored and recalled as and when needed in a multi-scale modeling effort. In this work, the new mathematical formalism is first presented in a generalized framework, and its viability is then demonstrated in the study of the elastic, thermo-elastic and plastic responses of a selected class of two-phase and multi-phase material systems. Finally, once all of these linkages have been proven robust, ideas for further improvements of the model are addressed.
Ph.D., Materials Science – Drexel University, 2011
Advisors/Committee Members: Kalidindi, Surya, College of Engineering, Drexel University.
Subjects/Keywords: Materials science; Fourier transformations; Microstructure
Landi, G. (2011). A novel spectral approach to multi-scale modeling . (Thesis). Drexel University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1860/3491
Landi, Giacomo. “A novel spectral approach to multi-scale modeling.” 2011. Thesis, Drexel University. Accessed January 15, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1860/3491.
Landi, Giacomo. “A novel spectral approach to multi-scale modeling.” 2011. Web. 15 Jan 2021.
Landi G. A novel spectral approach to multi-scale modeling. [Internet] [Thesis]. Drexel University; 2011. [cited 2021 Jan 15]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1860/3491.
Landi G. A novel spectral approach to multi-scale modeling. [Thesis]. Drexel University; 2011. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1860/3491
7. Kenate Worku Tabor. Land use cover dynamic socio economic and environmental transformations and implications a geographical study of the fringe of finfine Addis Ababa city Ethiopia;.
Degree: 2014, Osmania University
URL: http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/handle/10603/22154
Advisors/Committee Members: Kamalakar Reddy A.
Subjects/Keywords: Environmental Transformations
Tabor, K. W. (2014). Land use cover dynamic socio economic and environmental transformations and implications a geographical study of the fringe of finfine Addis Ababa city Ethiopia; . (Thesis). Osmania University. Retrieved from http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/handle/10603/22154
Tabor, Kenate Worku. “Land use cover dynamic socio economic and environmental transformations and implications a geographical study of the fringe of finfine Addis Ababa city Ethiopia;.” 2014. Thesis, Osmania University. Accessed January 15, 2021. http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/handle/10603/22154.
Tabor, Kenate Worku. “Land use cover dynamic socio economic and environmental transformations and implications a geographical study of the fringe of finfine Addis Ababa city Ethiopia;.” 2014. Web. 15 Jan 2021.
Tabor KW. Land use cover dynamic socio economic and environmental transformations and implications a geographical study of the fringe of finfine Addis Ababa city Ethiopia;. [Internet] [Thesis]. Osmania University; 2014. [cited 2021 Jan 15]. Available from: http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/handle/10603/22154.
Tabor KW. Land use cover dynamic socio economic and environmental transformations and implications a geographical study of the fringe of finfine Addis Ababa city Ethiopia;. [Thesis]. Osmania University; 2014. Available from: http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/handle/10603/22154
8. Moinuddin, Ghulam. Steroidal transformations;.
Degree: Chemistry, 1979, Aligarh Muslim University
Abstract not available newline newline
Bibliography p.278-284, Summary p. i-xx
Advisors/Committee Members: Ahmad, Mohamood Shababuddin.
Subjects/Keywords: Steroidal; Transformations
Moinuddin, G. (1979). Steroidal transformations; . (Thesis). Aligarh Muslim University. Retrieved from http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/handle/10603/53106
Moinuddin, Ghulam. “Steroidal transformations;.” 1979. Thesis, Aligarh Muslim University. Accessed January 15, 2021. http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/handle/10603/53106.
Moinuddin, Ghulam. “Steroidal transformations;.” 1979. Web. 15 Jan 2021.
Moinuddin G. Steroidal transformations;. [Internet] [Thesis]. Aligarh Muslim University; 1979. [cited 2021 Jan 15]. Available from: http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/handle/10603/53106.
Moinuddin G. Steroidal transformations;. [Thesis]. Aligarh Muslim University; 1979. Available from: http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/handle/10603/53106
9. Holden, Matthew. Linear Object Registration for Image-Guided Interventions .
Degree: Computing, 2014, Queens University
► Purpose: Image-guided interventions rely on registration of images, models, and surgical tools into a common navigation space. Point-set registration is commonly used to perform this… (more)
▼ Purpose: Image-guided interventions rely on registration of images, models, and surgical tools into a common navigation space. Point-set registration is commonly used to perform this registration, but requires well-defined landmark points to be present on these tools. In this thesis, a generalization of point-set registration is proposed to simultaneously register point, line, and plane landmarks present on surgical tools. This facilitates registration when point-set registration is not feasible. Methods: The proposed algorithm first determines correspondences between points, lines, and planes in the coordinate systems using a set of “reference” landmarks, then calculates invariant features in each coordinate frame for an initial registration, and finally optimizes the registration iteratively. Several forms of validation are investigated: registration of simulated data with a known ground-truth registration, phantom registration using a tracked stylus for registration to a model or a volume, and volume registration of a reconstructed ultrasound volume to a model. Validation accuracy is determined by comparison to a known ground-truth registration or using registration quality metrics such as target registration error. Results: For the simulated data experiments, the linear object registration was sufficiently close to the ground-truth registration in all cases given the level of noise. For real registration experiments, in all instances where accurate point-set registration was possible, the linear object registration was equally as accurate, and the difference between the two registrations was less than the fiducial localization error. When accurate point-set registration was not possible, the linear object registration was observed to be more accurate and more precise than point-set registration using approximate landmarks. Conclusion: The proposed linear object registration algorithm is a viable alternative when point-set registration cannot be performed. The algorithm has been developed as an open-source registration tool for practical use as a module for the 3D Slicer platform.
Subjects/Keywords: Registration ; Coordinate Transformations ; Surgical Navigation
Holden, M. (2014). Linear Object Registration for Image-Guided Interventions . (Thesis). Queens University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1974/12373
Holden, Matthew. “Linear Object Registration for Image-Guided Interventions .” 2014. Thesis, Queens University. Accessed January 15, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1974/12373.
Holden, Matthew. “Linear Object Registration for Image-Guided Interventions .” 2014. Web. 15 Jan 2021.
Holden M. Linear Object Registration for Image-Guided Interventions . [Internet] [Thesis]. Queens University; 2014. [cited 2021 Jan 15]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1974/12373.
Holden M. Linear Object Registration for Image-Guided Interventions . [Thesis]. Queens University; 2014. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1974/12373
10. Johnson, Bruce Rae. An application and generating methods for Mellin transforms.
Degree: MA, Mathematics, 1963, Oregon State University
► Properties of Mellin transforms are applied to the summation of infinite series. A specific example of this application leads to the establishment of certain properties… (more)
▼ Properties of Mellin transforms are applied to the summation of infinite series. A specific example of this application leads to the establishment of certain properties of a generalization of Lerch's zeta function. Nine powerful methods of generating new tables of Mellin transforms from existing tables of Mellin and other integral transforms are described and illustrated. A table of over 200 examples, which were derived from one of the above mentioned methods, is included.
Johnson, B. R. (1963). An application and generating methods for Mellin transforms . (Masters Thesis). Oregon State University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1957/48833
Johnson, Bruce Rae. “An application and generating methods for Mellin transforms.” 1963. Masters Thesis, Oregon State University. Accessed January 15, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1957/48833.
Johnson, Bruce Rae. “An application and generating methods for Mellin transforms.” 1963. Web. 15 Jan 2021.
Johnson BR. An application and generating methods for Mellin transforms. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Oregon State University; 1963. [cited 2021 Jan 15]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/48833.
Johnson BR. An application and generating methods for Mellin transforms. [Masters Thesis]. Oregon State University; 1963. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/48833
11. Normann, Søren Frederick. Two finite Tchebichef transformations.
Degree: MS, Mathematics, 1961, Oregon State University
Normann, S. F. (1961). Two finite Tchebichef transformations . (Masters Thesis). Oregon State University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1957/50082
Normann, Søren Frederick. “Two finite Tchebichef transformations.” 1961. Masters Thesis, Oregon State University. Accessed January 15, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1957/50082.
Normann, Søren Frederick. “Two finite Tchebichef transformations.” 1961. Web. 15 Jan 2021.
Normann SF. Two finite Tchebichef transformations. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Oregon State University; 1961. [cited 2021 Jan 15]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/50082.
Normann SF. Two finite Tchebichef transformations. [Masters Thesis]. Oregon State University; 1961. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/50082
12. Pandey, Nagendra Nath. Generalizations of the Watson transforms.
Degree: PhD, Mathematics, 1971, Oregon State University
► The generalized Hankel transforms are studied in the first part of this thesis; these include the Watson transforms as a special case. For the validity… (more)
▼ The generalized Hankel transforms are studied in the first part of this thesis; these include the Watson transforms as a special case. For the validity of the reciprocal relations, a necessary and sufficient condition on the kernel is proved. The proof involves first changing the variables so that all the relations can be written in the form of convolutions, and then applying the Fourier- Plancherel transforms to reduce the transcendental equations to simple algebraic equations. In the second part of the thesis, unitary mappings on the Hilbert space of square-integrable functions are characterized "analytically". A specialization of the kernels appearing in these analytic formulas yields the Watson transforms. A theorem on obtaining new pairs of kernels from two pairs of known ones is proved. Advisors/Committee Members: Oberhettinger, Fritz (advisor).
Pandey, N. N. (1971). Generalizations of the Watson transforms . (Doctoral Dissertation). Oregon State University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1957/17562
Pandey, Nagendra Nath. “Generalizations of the Watson transforms.” 1971. Doctoral Dissertation, Oregon State University. Accessed January 15, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1957/17562.
Pandey, Nagendra Nath. “Generalizations of the Watson transforms.” 1971. Web. 15 Jan 2021.
Pandey NN. Generalizations of the Watson transforms. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Oregon State University; 1971. [cited 2021 Jan 15]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/17562.
Pandey NN. Generalizations of the Watson transforms. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Oregon State University; 1971. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/17562
13. Aranega, Vincent. Traçabilité pour la mise au point de modèles et la correction de transformations : Traceability to adjust models and correct transformations.
L'accroissement de la complexité des systèmes, des architectures matérielles et de la façon de les programmer a donné lieu à l'utilisation de nouveaux paradigmes pour… (more)
L'accroissement de la complexité des systèmes, des architectures matérielles et de la façon de les programmer a donné lieu à l'utilisation de nouveaux paradigmes pour simplifier leurs développements. Dans ce cadre, l'ingénierie dirigée par les modèles (IDM) propose de monter en abstraction pour aider le concepteur à se concentrer sur les fonctionnalités de son système plutôt que sur les détails d'implémentation. Dans ce cadre, les transformations de modèles et plus particulièrement les chaînes de compilation IDM proposent de soulager le concepteur en générant automatiquement le code d'une application à partir de modèles de conception. Néanmoins, l'application générée ne possède pas toujours le comportement ou les performances adéquates. Dans cette thèse, nous avons proposé deux approches pour la correction et l'optimisation de modèles reposant sur l'utilisation de la trace de transformations de modèles. Ces travaux reposent sur l'hypothèse forte d'une chaîne de transformations digne de confiance. Afin de construire une telle chaîne, il est important de tester les différentes transformations la composant. Afin d'aider au mieux les développeurs de chaînes lors des phases de test, nous avons fourni un moyen de localiser les erreurs dans une transformation et une chaîne de transformation. Nous avons aussi proposé un assistant afin d'aider à la mise en oeuvre de la technique d'analyse de mutation, technique en grande partie manuelle. Ces travaux ont été implémentés dans l'environnement Gaspard, un environnement de co-design de systèmes embarqués reposant sur l'utilisation de chaînes de compilations IDM.
The increasing complexity of systems, hardware architectures and how to program them, leads to new paradigms in order to simplify developments. In this context, model-driven engineering (MDE) proposes to work with abstract representation of a system to help the designers to focus on the features of their systems rather than on implementation details. In this context, model transformations, and especially MDE compilation chain, offers to relieve the designers by offering them an automatic code generation from high-level models. However, the generated application does not always have the expected behavior or performance. In this thesis, we propose two approaches for the correction and optimization models based on model traceability. This work is based on the strong assumption that the transformation chain is trustworthy. To build such a chain, it is important to test the transformations that composed it. In order to help the chain developers when building an MDE compilation chain, we provide a way to locate errors in transformations and transformation chains. We also propose an assistant to help the developers during the mutation analysis technique which remains manual. This work was implemented in Gaspard, a co-design environment of embedded systems based on MDE compilation chain.
Advisors/Committee Members: Dekeyser, Jean-Luc (thesis director), Etien, Anne (thesis director).
Subjects/Keywords: Transformations de modèles; 005.1
Aranega, V. (2011). Traçabilité pour la mise au point de modèles et la correction de transformations : Traceability to adjust models and correct transformations . (Doctoral Dissertation). Université Lille I – Sciences et Technologies. Retrieved from http://www.theses.fr/2011LIL10078
Aranega, Vincent. “Traçabilité pour la mise au point de modèles et la correction de transformations : Traceability to adjust models and correct transformations.” 2011. Doctoral Dissertation, Université Lille I – Sciences et Technologies. Accessed January 15, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2011LIL10078.
Aranega, Vincent. “Traçabilité pour la mise au point de modèles et la correction de transformations : Traceability to adjust models and correct transformations.” 2011. Web. 15 Jan 2021.
Aranega V. Traçabilité pour la mise au point de modèles et la correction de transformations : Traceability to adjust models and correct transformations. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Université Lille I – Sciences et Technologies; 2011. [cited 2021 Jan 15]. Available from: http://www.theses.fr/2011LIL10078.
Aranega V. Traçabilité pour la mise au point de modèles et la correction de transformations : Traceability to adjust models and correct transformations. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Université Lille I – Sciences et Technologies; 2011. Available from: http://www.theses.fr/2011LIL10078
14. Deshmukh, Sarita. Nanoindentation-Induced phase transformations in amorphous Germanium .
Degree: 2016, Australian National University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1885/111326
► Semiconductors were traditionally considered to be classic ‘brittle’ materials, which under indentation load behave elastically until undergoing sudden and generally catastrophic failure via cracking. However,… (more)
▼ Semiconductors were traditionally considered to be classic ‘brittle’ materials, which under indentation load behave elastically until undergoing sudden and generally catastrophic failure via cracking. However, under certain conditions it is clear that many semiconductors also undergo considerable plastic deformation. Such plastic deformation mechanisms in semiconductor materials include defect generation and propagation, and under point loading, phase transformation. Germanium (Ge) is one of the most important semiconductors and is used in many technological applications. Crystalline Ge (c-Ge) has been reported to undergo a wide range of deformation mechanisms during point loading including twinning, defect generation as well as pressure-induced phase transformation. In this study amorphous Ge (a-Ge) is chosen as a starting material to explore the mechanisms of deformation that are excluded by the lack of long range order/crystallinity. In the literature there is some controversy as to what is the preferred indentation-induced deformation mechanism of Ge at room temperature. Some studies report twinning and defect generation while others report that a high-pressure phase transformation occurs. This thesis studies nanoindentation induced phase transformations in a-Ge. Ion implantation has been used to amorphize crystalline Ge in this study. This eliminates the competing deformation mechanisms of slip and twinning previously observed in c-Ge deformed via nanoindentation. Nanoindentation is now commonplace tool for the measurement of mechanical properties and also for inducing high-pressures required for phase transformation at small scales. In this study two different nanoindenter tips are used, spherical and Berkovich. Most of the work carried out using a spherical geometry to avoid cracking. A wide range of techniques are employed in this work to study the response of the indented a-Ge samples. These include micro-Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, focussed ion beam milling and cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy. An interesting range of deformation responses is observed. Nanoindentation of the a-Ge samples shows that phase-transformation is readily induced, unlike c-Ge where phase transformations are only observed on occasion. Analysis of the nanoindentation curves from a-Ge shows that, above a threshold limit, a pop-in event occurs on loading. After the pop-in event the loading curves fall into two distinct deformation pathways. These have been named family ‘a’ and family ‘b’. In one case family ‘b’ the end-phase is predominantly observed to be diamond cubic Ge (dc-Ge) and the other case, the end-phase appears to be a rhombohedral phase with 8 atoms per unit cell (r8). The r8 phase is found to be unstable and transforms to hexagonal diamond Ge (hd-Ge) at…
Subjects/Keywords: Phase transformations; Amorphous Germanium; Nanoindentation
Deshmukh, S. (2016). Nanoindentation-Induced phase transformations in amorphous Germanium . (Thesis). Australian National University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1885/111326
Deshmukh, Sarita. “Nanoindentation-Induced phase transformations in amorphous Germanium .” 2016. Thesis, Australian National University. Accessed January 15, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/111326.
Deshmukh, Sarita. “Nanoindentation-Induced phase transformations in amorphous Germanium .” 2016. Web. 15 Jan 2021.
Deshmukh S. Nanoindentation-Induced phase transformations in amorphous Germanium . [Internet] [Thesis]. Australian National University; 2016. [cited 2021 Jan 15]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1885/111326.
Deshmukh S. Nanoindentation-Induced phase transformations in amorphous Germanium . [Thesis]. Australian National University; 2016. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1885/111326
Hong Kong University of Science and Technology
15. Zhou, Runhua. Macroscopic domain pattern selection in shape memory alloys effects of length and time scales.
Degree: 2011, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology
URL: http://repository.ust.hk/ir/Record/1783.1-7358 ; https://doi.org/10.14711/thesis-b1155687 ; http://repository.ust.hk/ir/bitstream/1783.1-7358/1/th_redirect.html
► Superelastic NiTi polycrystalline shape memory alloy undergoes deformation instability when subjected to uni-axial stretching, and transforms from initial austenite to a high-strain phase, i.e. martensite,… (more)
▼ Superelastic NiTi polycrystalline shape memory alloy undergoes deformation instability when subjected to uni-axial stretching, and transforms from initial austenite to a high-strain phase, i.e. martensite, by the nucleation and growth of macroscopic domains as deformation processes. This stress-induced first-order phase transformation involves heterogeneous localized release and transfer of latent heat, which in turn influences the mechanical responses and deformation processes due to the material’s intrinsic mechanical nonlinearity and thermo-mechanical coupling. The macroscopic martensitic domain exhibits different patterns in different geometry configurations of shape memory alloys. It was observed that parallelogram-shaped domains nucleate in quasi-1D strip geometry while helix-shaped domains nucleate in quasi-2D thin-walled tube geometry. In this thesis, effects of length scales and time scales on the macroscopic domain pattern selection are experimentally investigated and theoretically analyzed. For quasi-1D strip configuration, effects of time scales on macroscopic domain pattern selection are addressed in terms of rate-dependence and ambient-dependence of parallelogram-shaped martensitic domain patterns in NiTi strips, respectively under a wide loading rate range from stretching rates (10-4/s~10/s) by standard hydraulic testing machine to intermediate stretching rates (101/s~102/s) by custom-modified Split Hopkinson Tension Bar (SHTB), and in four different ambient convection conditions including still air, still water, 2m/s and 4m/s flowing water. For quasi-2D tube configuration, systematic experimental investigation and theoretical analysis are conducted to investigate the effects of length scales on equilibrium helical domain pattern in different tube geometries (length L, wall-thickness h and tube radius R) under isothermal stretching, and rate-dependence (loading time scale) of helical domain pattern evolution in one tube under stretching rates 10-4/s~10-1/s. The processes of macroscopic domain pattern evolution are recorded by in-situ optical camera equipped with zoom lens at different recording rates. The local temperature variations are measured by very fine thermocouples of 25μm wire-diameter. The evolution of macroscopic martensitic domain patterns, local temperature variations, and the corresponding stress-strain responses are quantitatively synchronized both for strips and tubes. It is found that the equilibrium martensitic helical domain patterns in tube geometry under isothermal stretching are governed by two distinct strain-misfit energy terms which depend on length scales (tube geometry). It is revealed that non-isothermal martensitic domain patterns both in strip geometry and tube geometry are essentially governed by the competition between two groups of time scales: one loading time scale (transformation time) which governs release rate of latent heat, two heat-transfer time scales including characteristic conduction time and characteristic convection time which govern transfer rate of…
Subjects/Keywords: Shape memory alloys ; Martensitic transformations
Zhou, R. (2011). Macroscopic domain pattern selection in shape memory alloys effects of length and time scales . (Thesis). Hong Kong University of Science and Technology. Retrieved from http://repository.ust.hk/ir/Record/1783.1-7358 ; https://doi.org/10.14711/thesis-b1155687 ; http://repository.ust.hk/ir/bitstream/1783.1-7358/1/th_redirect.html
Zhou, Runhua. “Macroscopic domain pattern selection in shape memory alloys effects of length and time scales.” 2011. Thesis, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology. Accessed January 15, 2021. http://repository.ust.hk/ir/Record/1783.1-7358 ; https://doi.org/10.14711/thesis-b1155687 ; http://repository.ust.hk/ir/bitstream/1783.1-7358/1/th_redirect.html.
Zhou, Runhua. “Macroscopic domain pattern selection in shape memory alloys effects of length and time scales.” 2011. Web. 15 Jan 2021.
Zhou R. Macroscopic domain pattern selection in shape memory alloys effects of length and time scales. [Internet] [Thesis]. Hong Kong University of Science and Technology; 2011. [cited 2021 Jan 15]. Available from: http://repository.ust.hk/ir/Record/1783.1-7358 ; https://doi.org/10.14711/thesis-b1155687 ; http://repository.ust.hk/ir/bitstream/1783.1-7358/1/th_redirect.html.
Zhou R. Macroscopic domain pattern selection in shape memory alloys effects of length and time scales. [Thesis]. Hong Kong University of Science and Technology; 2011. Available from: http://repository.ust.hk/ir/Record/1783.1-7358 ; https://doi.org/10.14711/thesis-b1155687 ; http://repository.ust.hk/ir/bitstream/1783.1-7358/1/th_redirect.html
16. Beadle, Allen Jay, 1947-. Distance preserving transformations.
Degree: PhD, 1977, Michigan State University
URL: http://etd.lib.msu.edu/islandora/object/etd:46482
Beadle, Allen Jay, 1. (1977). Distance preserving transformations . (Doctoral Dissertation). Michigan State University. Retrieved from http://etd.lib.msu.edu/islandora/object/etd:46482
Beadle, Allen Jay, 1947-. “Distance preserving transformations.” 1977. Doctoral Dissertation, Michigan State University. Accessed January 15, 2021. http://etd.lib.msu.edu/islandora/object/etd:46482.
Beadle, Allen Jay, 1947-. “Distance preserving transformations.” 1977. Web. 15 Jan 2021.
Beadle, Allen Jay 1. Distance preserving transformations. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Michigan State University; 1977. [cited 2021 Jan 15]. Available from: http://etd.lib.msu.edu/islandora/object/etd:46482.
Beadle, Allen Jay 1. Distance preserving transformations. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Michigan State University; 1977. Available from: http://etd.lib.msu.edu/islandora/object/etd:46482
17. Zhang, Ruochuan. Sub-linear sparse fourier transform algorithm.
Degree: 2017, Michigan State University
URL: http://etd.lib.msu.edu/islandora/object/etd:4863
The Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) plays a crucial role in signal processing and scientific computing. The most famous algorithm for computing the DFT is the… (more)
The Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) plays a crucial role in signal processing and scientific computing. The most famous algorithm for computing the DFT is the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT), which has runtime O(N log N) for an input vector with length N. However, with the increasing size of data set, the FFT is no longer fast enough and often becomes the major computational bottleneck in many applications. The Sparse Fourier Transform (SFT) tries to solve this problem by finding the best s−term Fourier representation using only a subset of the input data, in time sub-linear in the data set size O(poly(s;log N)). Some of the existing SFT algorithms are capable of working with equally spaced samples, while others just assume that the algorithms can sample anywhere they want, which is an unrealistic assumption in many real-world applications. In this thesis, we propose a generic method of transforming any noise robust SFT algorithm into a sublinear-time sparse DFT algorithm which rapidly approximates Ff from a given input vector f 2 CN, where F is the DFT matrix. Our approach is based on filter function and fast discrete convolution. We prove that with an appropriate filter function g (periodic Gaussian function in this thesis), one can always approximate the value of the convolution function g ∗ f at the desired point rapidly and accurately even when f is a high oscillating function. We then construct several new sublinear-time sparse DFT algorithms from existing sparse Fourier algorithms which utilize unequally spaced function samples. Besides giving the theoretical runtime and error guarantee, we also show empirically that the best of these new discrete SFT algorithms outperforms both FFTW and sFFT2.0 in the sense of runtime and robustness when the vector length N is large. At the end of the thesis, we present a deterministic sparse Fourier transform algorithm which breaks the quadratic-in-sparsity runtime bottleneck for a large class of periodic functions exhibiting structured frequency support. We show empirically that this structured SFT algorithm outperforms standard sparse Fourier transforms in the rapid recovery of block frequency sparse functions.
Online resource;
Advisors/Committee Members: Iwen, Mark, Christlieb, Andrew, Zhou, Zhengfang, Hirn, Matthew.
Subjects/Keywords: Fourier transformations; Applied mathematics
Zhang, R. (2017). Sub-linear sparse fourier transform algorithm . (Thesis). Michigan State University. Retrieved from http://etd.lib.msu.edu/islandora/object/etd:4863
Zhang, Ruochuan. “Sub-linear sparse fourier transform algorithm.” 2017. Thesis, Michigan State University. Accessed January 15, 2021. http://etd.lib.msu.edu/islandora/object/etd:4863.
Zhang, Ruochuan. “Sub-linear sparse fourier transform algorithm.” 2017. Web. 15 Jan 2021.
Zhang R. Sub-linear sparse fourier transform algorithm. [Internet] [Thesis]. Michigan State University; 2017. [cited 2021 Jan 15]. Available from: http://etd.lib.msu.edu/islandora/object/etd:4863.
Zhang R. Sub-linear sparse fourier transform algorithm. [Thesis]. Michigan State University; 2017. Available from: http://etd.lib.msu.edu/islandora/object/etd:4863
18. Dabade, Vivekanand. Understanding Magnetic Hysteresis in Cubic Materials.
Degree: PhD, Aerospace Engineering and Mechanics, 2017, University of Minnesota
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11299/198398
► Hysteresis is the limiting criterion in many applications of functional materials. Recent understanding and development in shape memory alloys have lead to very low hysteresis… (more)
▼ Hysteresis is the limiting criterion in many applications of functional materials. Recent understanding and development in shape memory alloys have lead to very low hysteresis materials. Low hysteresis shape memory alloys with unusual magnetoelectric properties have found new and interesting applications. In this thesis, we try to understand magnetic hysteresis in cubic ferromagnets using the framework of micromagnetics. We look at two cubic materials: Galfenol (Fe74Ga26 and Fe83Ga17) and Permalloy (Fe21.5Ni78.5). The material parameters of Galfenol show that it belongs to a new parameter regime in micromagnetics that has not been explored before. We study the macroscopic properties and try to understand its magnetic microstructure. The main tools used to study the macroscopic properties are: Weak convergence and Young measures. Theoretical predictions of the macroscopic properties match well with results obtained from experiments. By including the exchange energy and minimizing the total micromagnetic energy of Galfenol we show that its magnetic microstructure has lower energy than other commonly observed magnetic microstructures. This paves the way for obtaining optimal energy scaling laws for cubic ferromagnets in general. We also touch upon the well known Permalloy problem in this thesis. Permalloy has very low coercivity at a puzzling material composition. We make few interesting observations about the magnetic microstructure of the Permalloy. Finally, we shall report the results of some novel experiments that were aimed to synthesize an elusive hard ferromagnet known as Tetrataenite.
Subjects/Keywords: Martensitic Transformations; Mechanical Compatibilty; Micromagnetics
Dabade, V. (2017). Understanding Magnetic Hysteresis in Cubic Materials . (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Minnesota. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11299/198398
Dabade, Vivekanand. “Understanding Magnetic Hysteresis in Cubic Materials.” 2017. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Minnesota. Accessed January 15, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11299/198398.
Dabade, Vivekanand. “Understanding Magnetic Hysteresis in Cubic Materials.” 2017. Web. 15 Jan 2021.
Dabade V. Understanding Magnetic Hysteresis in Cubic Materials. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Minnesota; 2017. [cited 2021 Jan 15]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11299/198398.
Dabade V. Understanding Magnetic Hysteresis in Cubic Materials. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Minnesota; 2017. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11299/198398
19. Donnell, William Anthony. Minimax principles of the arguments of the proper values of a normal linear transformation.
Degree: Mathematics, 1971, Texas Tech University
Donnell, W. A. (1971). Minimax principles of the arguments of the proper values of a normal linear transformation . (Thesis). Texas Tech University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2346/12411
Donnell, William Anthony. “Minimax principles of the arguments of the proper values of a normal linear transformation.” 1971. Thesis, Texas Tech University. Accessed January 15, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2346/12411.
Donnell, William Anthony. “Minimax principles of the arguments of the proper values of a normal linear transformation.” 1971. Web. 15 Jan 2021.
Donnell WA. Minimax principles of the arguments of the proper values of a normal linear transformation. [Internet] [Thesis]. Texas Tech University; 1971. [cited 2021 Jan 15]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2346/12411.
Donnell WA. Minimax principles of the arguments of the proper values of a normal linear transformation. [Thesis]. Texas Tech University; 1971. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2346/12411
20. Sartain, Robert Lee. Computational techniques for a generalized Fourier transform.
Degree: 1972, Texas Tech University
Sartain, R. L. (1972). Computational techniques for a generalized Fourier transform . (Thesis). Texas Tech University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2346/8681
Sartain, Robert Lee. “Computational techniques for a generalized Fourier transform.” 1972. Thesis, Texas Tech University. Accessed January 15, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2346/8681.
Sartain, Robert Lee. “Computational techniques for a generalized Fourier transform.” 1972. Web. 15 Jan 2021.
Sartain RL. Computational techniques for a generalized Fourier transform. [Internet] [Thesis]. Texas Tech University; 1972. [cited 2021 Jan 15]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2346/8681.
Sartain RL. Computational techniques for a generalized Fourier transform. [Thesis]. Texas Tech University; 1972. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2346/8681
21. Perry, Charles Rufus. Linear transformations restricted to subspaces and inequalities among their proper values.
Perry, C. R. (1971). Linear transformations restricted to subspaces and inequalities among their proper values . (Thesis). Texas Tech University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2346/22144
Perry, Charles Rufus. “Linear transformations restricted to subspaces and inequalities among their proper values.” 1971. Thesis, Texas Tech University. Accessed January 15, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2346/22144.
Perry, Charles Rufus. “Linear transformations restricted to subspaces and inequalities among their proper values.” 1971. Web. 15 Jan 2021.
Perry CR. Linear transformations restricted to subspaces and inequalities among their proper values. [Internet] [Thesis]. Texas Tech University; 1971. [cited 2021 Jan 15]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2346/22144.
Perry CR. Linear transformations restricted to subspaces and inequalities among their proper values. [Thesis]. Texas Tech University; 1971. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2346/22144
22. Gordin, Ari. Shape-preserving physical and chemical transformations of Si and SiO₂ nano- and microstructures.
Degree: PhD, Materials Science and Engineering, 2014, Georgia Tech
► This thesis considers two broad categories of shape-preserving transformations: physical transformations, in which the chemistry of the as-grown material remains constant but some structural change… (more)
▼ This thesis considers two broad categories of shape-preserving transformations: physical transformations, in which the chemistry of the as-grown material remains constant but some structural change is introduced (i.e., conversion of dense silicon nanowires into porous silicon nanowires); and chemical transformations, in which the physical structure of the as-grown material remains constant but the chemical composition is changed (i.e., conversion of SiO2 photonic crystal fibers into MgF¬2 photonic crystal fibers). Part I of this thesis focuses on the development of a process which allows for the introduction of porosity into dense silicon nano- and microstructures (a shape preserving net physical transformation, albeit by chemical means), while Part II focuses on conversion of SiO2-based photonic structures, including three dimensional photonic crystals and hollow-core photonic crystal fibers into Mg2Si or MgF2 replicas with more desirable chemical compositions (a shape preserving net chemical transformation) possessing enhanced optical characteristics. Advisors/Committee Members: Sandhage, Kenneth (advisor), Sanders, Thomas (committee member), Wilkinson, Angus (committee member), Bottomley, Lawrence A. (committee member), Filler, Michael (committee member).
Subjects/Keywords: Shape-preserving transformations; Photonics
Gordin, A. (2014). Shape-preserving physical and chemical transformations of Si and SiO₂ nano- and microstructures . (Doctoral Dissertation). Georgia Tech. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1853/54026
Gordin, Ari. “Shape-preserving physical and chemical transformations of Si and SiO₂ nano- and microstructures.” 2014. Doctoral Dissertation, Georgia Tech. Accessed January 15, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/54026.
Gordin, Ari. “Shape-preserving physical and chemical transformations of Si and SiO₂ nano- and microstructures.” 2014. Web. 15 Jan 2021.
Gordin A. Shape-preserving physical and chemical transformations of Si and SiO₂ nano- and microstructures. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Georgia Tech; 2014. [cited 2021 Jan 15]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1853/54026.
Gordin A. Shape-preserving physical and chemical transformations of Si and SiO₂ nano- and microstructures. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Georgia Tech; 2014. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1853/54026
23. Ramakrishnaiah, M. A. A study of FFT pruning and its applications.
Degree: 1975, Kansas State University
Ramakrishnaiah, M. A. (1975). A study of FFT pruning and its applications . (Thesis). Kansas State University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2097/8881
Ramakrishnaiah, M A. “A study of FFT pruning and its applications.” 1975. Thesis, Kansas State University. Accessed January 15, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/8881.
Ramakrishnaiah, M A. “A study of FFT pruning and its applications.” 1975. Web. 15 Jan 2021.
Ramakrishnaiah MA. A study of FFT pruning and its applications. [Internet] [Thesis]. Kansas State University; 1975. [cited 2021 Jan 15]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2097/8881.
Ramakrishnaiah MA. A study of FFT pruning and its applications. [Thesis]. Kansas State University; 1975. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2097/8881
Massey University
24. O'Brien, Graeme K. Random discrete groups in the space of Möbius transformations.
Degree: MS, Mathematics, 2012, Massey University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10179/3373
► Discrete subgroups of random Möbius transformations are investigated using computational methods together with collateral mathematical analysis. The main results include quantification of the likelihood of… (more)
▼ Discrete subgroups of random Möbius transformations are investigated using computational methods together with collateral mathematical analysis. The main results include quantification of the likelihood of occurrence of two generator discrete groups and studies of the sharpness of the Hadamard inequality for random matrices and of the scale invariance for the domain of definition for matrix entry distributions derived by normalisation of matrices in GL(2,C) to SL(2,C).
Subjects/Keywords: Möbius transformations; Discrete groups
O'Brien, G. K. (2012). Random discrete groups in the space of Möbius transformations . (Masters Thesis). Massey University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10179/3373
O'Brien, Graeme K. “Random discrete groups in the space of Möbius transformations.” 2012. Masters Thesis, Massey University. Accessed January 15, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10179/3373.
O'Brien, Graeme K. “Random discrete groups in the space of Möbius transformations.” 2012. Web. 15 Jan 2021.
O'Brien GK. Random discrete groups in the space of Möbius transformations. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Massey University; 2012. [cited 2021 Jan 15]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10179/3373.
O'Brien GK. Random discrete groups in the space of Möbius transformations. [Masters Thesis]. Massey University; 2012. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10179/3373
25. Green, Virginia Beryl (Berry). A transformation to stabilize the variance of binomial distributions.
Degree: MA- MA, Mathematics, 1967, University of British Columbia
► A transformation is sought for a binomially distributed random variable f, such that the transformed variate Y(f) exhibits a homogeneous variance, E{(Y(f )-E{Y(f)})² } =… (more)
▼ A transformation is sought for a binomially distributed random variable f, such that the transformed variate Y(f) exhibits a homogeneous variance, E{(Y(f )-E{Y(f)})² } = 1, and an unbiased mean, E{Y(f)} = Y(p), for the family of binomial distributions of given sample size generated by p . Y(f) is expanded in a Taylor series about p, conditions are set corresponding to the above requirements, and the resulting non-linear differential equations in Y(p) are solved numerically. The success of the transformation is comparable to published transformations.
Green, V. B. (. (1967). A transformation to stabilize the variance of binomial distributions . (Masters Thesis). University of British Columbia. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2429/36729
Green, Virginia Beryl (Berry). “A transformation to stabilize the variance of binomial distributions.” 1967. Masters Thesis, University of British Columbia. Accessed January 15, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/36729.
Green, Virginia Beryl (Berry). “A transformation to stabilize the variance of binomial distributions.” 1967. Web. 15 Jan 2021.
Green VB(. A transformation to stabilize the variance of binomial distributions. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of British Columbia; 1967. [cited 2021 Jan 15]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2429/36729.
Green VB(. A transformation to stabilize the variance of binomial distributions. [Masters Thesis]. University of British Columbia; 1967. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2429/36729
26. Sridhar Dharmarajan, Karthik, 1991-. Estimation and adaptive equalization of communications channels.
► The focus of this research is to determine the channel impulse response of a communications link and then equalize the channel to mitigate the e… (more)
▼ The focus of this research is to determine the channel impulse response of a communications link and then equalize the channel to mitigate the e ffects of fading on the received signal. Traditionally, channel identifi cation is achieved using a deconvolution process implemented in the time-domain. An alternative method is to perform deconvolution, for the purpose of estimating communications channel structures, in the wavelet transform domain. This approach is attractive for use in agile transceivers that utilize the wavelet domain for functions such as automatic modulation recognition. An equivalent method for deconvolving discrete time-domain signals within the Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) framework is explained. This method of deconvolution can be applied at any level of DWT resolution from which the complete channel impulse response can be estimated. Computer simulations have been conducted to characterize the performance of the channel estimation algorithm using the Mean Square Error (MSE) criterion. The simulation experiments are performed for two di fferent channel models characterized by a Power Delay Profi le (PDP), i.e., the Gaussian PDP and the Exponential PDP. Channel conditions of slow and fast fading are considered. In addition, the faded channel output signals are corrupted by AWGN having ratios of bit energy-to-noise spectral density, Eb/N0, in the range from 0 to 30 dB. It has been found that, for both channel models, the best channel impulse response estimate is obtained from the DWT detail coe fficients at the 1st level of resolution resulting in computational effi ciency. A novel method, based on the classic LMS algorithm, has been developed for adaptive equalization of channels in the wavelet domain. Computer simulation experiments for channel equalization show that the DWT-LMS algorithm, using a Haar wavelet, performs better than the LMS algorithm for the Gaussian PDP channel in terms of the achievable bit error probabilities. Advisors/Committee Members: Daut, David G (chair), Orfanidis, Sophocles (internal member), Gajic, Zoran (internal member).
Subjects/Keywords: Wavelets (Mathematics); Transformations (Mathematics)
Sridhar Dharmarajan, Karthik, 1. (2015). Estimation and adaptive equalization of communications channels . (Masters Thesis). Rutgers University. Retrieved from https://rucore.libraries.rutgers.edu/rutgers-lib/46440/
Sridhar Dharmarajan, Karthik, 1991-. “Estimation and adaptive equalization of communications channels.” 2015. Masters Thesis, Rutgers University. Accessed January 15, 2021. https://rucore.libraries.rutgers.edu/rutgers-lib/46440/.
Sridhar Dharmarajan, Karthik, 1991-. “Estimation and adaptive equalization of communications channels.” 2015. Web. 15 Jan 2021.
Sridhar Dharmarajan, Karthik 1. Estimation and adaptive equalization of communications channels. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Rutgers University; 2015. [cited 2021 Jan 15]. Available from: https://rucore.libraries.rutgers.edu/rutgers-lib/46440/.
Sridhar Dharmarajan, Karthik 1. Estimation and adaptive equalization of communications channels. [Masters Thesis]. Rutgers University; 2015. Available from: https://rucore.libraries.rutgers.edu/rutgers-lib/46440/
27. Myers, William Mackie. A functional associated with a continuous transformation .
Degree: PhD, Graduate School, 1952, The Ohio State University
URL: http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1486468562981458
Subjects/Keywords: Mathematics; Transformations
Myers, W. M. (1952). A functional associated with a continuous transformation . (Doctoral Dissertation). The Ohio State University. Retrieved from http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1486468562981458
Myers, William Mackie. “A functional associated with a continuous transformation .” 1952. Doctoral Dissertation, The Ohio State University. Accessed January 15, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1486468562981458.
Myers, William Mackie. “A functional associated with a continuous transformation .” 1952. Web. 15 Jan 2021.
Myers WM. A functional associated with a continuous transformation . [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. The Ohio State University; 1952. [cited 2021 Jan 15]. Available from: http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1486468562981458.
Myers WM. A functional associated with a continuous transformation . [Doctoral Dissertation]. The Ohio State University; 1952. Available from: http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1486468562981458
28. Weiler, Fred Wilson. On the T-Jacobian.
Weiler, F. W. (1960). On the T-Jacobian . (Doctoral Dissertation). The Ohio State University. Retrieved from http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1486478713869391
Weiler, Fred Wilson. “On the T-Jacobian.” 1960. Doctoral Dissertation, The Ohio State University. Accessed January 15, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1486478713869391.
Weiler, Fred Wilson. “On the T-Jacobian.” 1960. Web. 15 Jan 2021.
Weiler FW. On the T-Jacobian. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. The Ohio State University; 1960. [cited 2021 Jan 15]. Available from: http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1486478713869391.
Weiler FW. On the T-Jacobian. [Doctoral Dissertation]. The Ohio State University; 1960. Available from: http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1486478713869391
29. Schaefer, Donald John. On significant multiplicity and approximate tangential properties of continuous transformations.
Schaefer, D. J. (1963). On significant multiplicity and approximate tangential properties of continuous transformations . (Doctoral Dissertation). The Ohio State University. Retrieved from http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1486554418659712
Schaefer, Donald John. “On significant multiplicity and approximate tangential properties of continuous transformations.” 1963. Doctoral Dissertation, The Ohio State University. Accessed January 15, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1486554418659712.
Schaefer, Donald John. “On significant multiplicity and approximate tangential properties of continuous transformations.” 1963. Web. 15 Jan 2021.
Schaefer DJ. On significant multiplicity and approximate tangential properties of continuous transformations. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. The Ohio State University; 1963. [cited 2021 Jan 15]. Available from: http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1486554418659712.
Schaefer DJ. On significant multiplicity and approximate tangential properties of continuous transformations. [Doctoral Dissertation]. The Ohio State University; 1963. Available from: http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1486554418659712
30. Chaney, Robin Ward. Decomposition theorems for weight functions in transformation theory for measure space.
Chaney, R. W. (1964). Decomposition theorems for weight functions in transformation theory for measure space . (Doctoral Dissertation). The Ohio State University. Retrieved from http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1486564960923806
Chaney, Robin Ward. “Decomposition theorems for weight functions in transformation theory for measure space.” 1964. Doctoral Dissertation, The Ohio State University. Accessed January 15, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1486564960923806.
Chaney, Robin Ward. “Decomposition theorems for weight functions in transformation theory for measure space.” 1964. Web. 15 Jan 2021.
Chaney RW. Decomposition theorems for weight functions in transformation theory for measure space. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. The Ohio State University; 1964. [cited 2021 Jan 15]. Available from: http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1486564960923806.
Chaney RW. Decomposition theorems for weight functions in transformation theory for measure space. [Doctoral Dissertation]. The Ohio State University; 1964. Available from: http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1486564960923806
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Home Health Info Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STDs) Syphilis
Syphilis, a sexually transmitted disease (STD), is caused by a bacterium called Treponema pallidum. It often mimics the signs and symptoms of other diseases, so it has sometimes been called “the great imitator.”
Syphilis is passed from person to person through contact with a syphilis sore. Sores can occur in many places on the body, including the lips, mouth, vagina, anus and rectum. It is passed more often during vaginal, anal, or oral sex.
It is important to note that this STD is not spread through contact with surfaces like toilet seats, hot tubs, pools, doorknobs or sharing eating utensils.
Pregnant women with the disease can pass it to their babies. Because of this, all pregnant women should be tested for syphilis.
Correct use of latex condoms can reduce the risk of syphilis. However, genital ulcer diseases like syphilis can still occur in genital areas that are protected by a latex condom, as well as in areas that are not covered.
The best way to avoid syphilis is to abstain from sexual contact or be in a long-term relationship with someone who has been tested for syphilis and is uninfected.
If you display any sores, rashes or unusual discharge, especially in the groin area, see your health provider immediately.
Symptoms of syphilis
Some people with syphilis do not display any symptoms for years. However, they are still at risk for complications if they remain untreated. Syphilis progresses through several stages.
During the primary stage of syphilis, a single sore or several sores may appear. The usual time between infection and display of the first symptom is between 10 and 90 days.
The sore is usually small, firm, round, and painless, and appears in the area that syphilis entered the body.
The sore usually lasts three to six weeks, and then heals on its own. However, without the proper treatment, syphilis progresses to the secondary stage.
During the secondary stage of syphilis, a skin rash and mucous membrane lesions may appear.
The rash may affect one or more areas of the body, but does not cause itching.
The rashes that occur in the secondary stage of syphilis may appear as rough, red (or reddish brown) spots on the hands and the bottom of the feet.
Rashes can also appear in other areas of the body, and mimic rashes caused by other diseases. The rashes may even be so slight that they go unnoticed.
Other symptoms of secondary syphilis include weight loss, headaches, fever, swollen lymph glands, sore throat, muscle aches, and fatigue.
These symptoms will eventually resolve with or without treatment. However, without any treatment, the infection will continue to progress to the next stage.
Latent and late stages
After the symptoms of the first and second stages of syphilis infection are gone, the latent (hidden) stage of syphilis begins.
If the infect person is not treated, syphilis will remain in the body, even if there are no further signs or symptoms. The latent stage can go on for years.
The late stages of syphilis develop in approximately 15 percent of infected people who have not been treated. At this stage, the disease can progress to damage internal organs such as the nerves, eyes, heart, bones and joints.
Symptoms of late stage syphilis include numbness, gradual blindness, dementia and difficulty coordinating muscle movement. Such damage can eventually lead to death.
Syphilis diagnosis
If you have any symptoms of syphilis, see your health provider.
Syphilis can be diagnosed in several ways, including inspection of the infectious sore with a special microscope. A blood test can also determine if someone is infected with syphilis.
Because untreated syphilis can infect and even kill an unborn baby, all pregnant women should be tested for syphilis.
Syphilis treatment
In its early stage, syphilis is easy to cure with an injection of penicillin. If the patient has had syphilis for more than a year, additional doses are needed. Other antibiotics can be used for those who are allergic to penicillin.
This treatment will kill the syphilis bacterium, but it does not repair damage already done.
Those who have received treatment for syphilis should abstain from any sexual contact until the syphilis sores are healed. All sexual partners should be notified so that they can be tested as well.
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Genie in a smartphone | Inquirer Opinion
Genie in a smartphone
By: Gideon Lasco - @inquirerdotnet
“It’s like having a genie,” a friend told me in one of our virtual conversations, as we were discussing the online economy. “With an unlimited number of wishes.”
Based in a condo in BGC, she was referring to the ease with which products and services can be accessed nowadays, without ever leaving one’s home. You need some fertilizer for your house plants? Add to cart. Suddenly inspired to buy an exercise mat after a friend told you how yoga made her sleep so well? Select color. Add to cart. Feeling hungry after all the shopping? Add to basket, with all kinds of restaurants and grocery stores to choose from. Your order is being processed, the rider will be arriving soon.
This phenomenon has been around for a long time, and it has long been foreshadowed by other countries’ experiences—think Amazon Prime and Same-Day Delivery—but it expanded by leaps and bounds amid the pandemic. Even academic presses, once located in hard-to-reach locations inside universities, have now brought their titles to Lazada and Shopee, making authors, from Abad to Zafra, within reach. Home testing for COVID-19—antigen or PCR—can be requested through apps, and, of course, online payments, too.
Another effect of the pandemic is to broaden the reach of this online economy to the provinces. At the height of the ECQ, I had to ask my Metro Manila-based friends to ship coffee beans, but now, most products can be shipped to most provincial addresses at prices much cheaper than in grocery stores (case in point, grains like quinoa and nuts like pistachios).
Finally, the efficiency has also improved: While deliveries in Laguna used to take weeks (if they arrive at all), my personal record, from order to delivery, is 28 hours. In Metro Manila, of course, it’s even more immediate: Once, I had misplaced my laptop charger and there was an important webinar coming up in a matter of hours. I scoured Facebook Marketplace for a replacement and within minutes, someone was arranging to send it to me via Lalamove. By the time the webinar started, my laptop was comfortably charged.
Such is the growing importance of the online economy that the only sales that appear to matter right now are those online. The “11.11” (Nov. 11) sale was greeted by sellers and buyers alike with much fanfare, with Lazada hosting a virtual concert on its eve featuring the likes of SB19, Mimiyuuuh, and Ben&Ben. As expected, Lazada and Shopee are already touting Dec. 12—“12.12”—as the “Grand Christmas Sale” or “Big Christmas Sale.”
All of the above are a radical departure from just a year ago, when the mall was still people’s ultimate pasyalan and one-stop shop, where everything could be done from working out in Anytime Fitness to working in Starbucks. Arguably, the malls are still the preeminent quasi-public spaces in our cities, which is why public health officials fret over the loosening of further restrictions. (The other day, Metro Manila mayors announced they still would not allow minors inside malls.)
At least for now, however, the pandemic has taken away the joy or comfort of being inside the mall, with its regimented pathways; all the paperwork and “rituals of disinfection” required just to enter each store, not to mention the need to don a face shield on top of a face mask, and of course, the fear of infection—which, however mitigable, is still much higher indoors than outdoors.
Once the pandemic is over, malls will likely be back with a vengeance, but virtual stores have made inroads that are likely to remain. For me, for instance, there’s no buying nuts and grains in the mall again, especially since I can buy them much cheaper online. Surely, many sukî relationships would have already been forged by the time the quarantines are finally lifted; such is the inevitability of the online economy’s continued growth that even SM itself is a “tenant” of ShopeeMall and LazMall.
But speaking of physical malls and their virtual counterparts, who benefits from the online economy apart from giants like Grab, Lazada, and Shopee? Small and medium enterprises may have found a chance to compete, but will their riders and workers fare any better than the malls’ contractual employees? What happens to all the packaging used to wrap our kettlebells and sleigh bells? And what new forms of exclusion do all of the above engender, given that money is the real genie?
In my next column, I will be reflecting on the economic, environmental, and social implications of the continuing shift to the online economy.
Pornography and literary beginnings
TAGS: coronavirus pandemic, coronavirus philippines, COVID-19, Gideon Lasco, lockdown, online economy, online shopping, Second Opinion
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ESA readies multispectral Sentinel for launch
First optical imaging satellite in Europe's Copernicus environmental surveillance program set to blast off June 22.
Sentinel-2A: prepped for launch
The first in a new fleet of European satellites kitted out with state-of-the-art imaging equipment is set for launch from French Guyana on June 22, announced the European Space Agency (ESA).
The latest “Sentinel-2” constellation will use multispectral imaging aboard two satellites to deliver unprecedented detail of land and coastal areas, for agricultural, environmental, security and humanitarian applications.
Sentinel 2A will launch first, and should be joined by Sentinel 2B next year. The mission’s high-resolution multispectral camera covers 13 different spectral bands, and should provide an entirely new perspective of Earth’s land and vegetation.
“The combination of high resolution, novel spectral capabilities, a field of vision covering 290 km and frequent revisit times will provide unprecedented views of Earth,” says ESA.
The “color” vision provided by the multispectral kit will also complement the existing Sentinel-1A satellite, which was launched last year and has already recorded some 680 terabytes worth of data using radar.
High-speed laser transfer
Crucially, in terms of transmitting that data, the satellites are equipped with laser links as part of the European Data Relay System (EDRS), meaning that the data-intensive radar and optical imagery can be sent and shared quickly.
The various Sentinel satellites are all part of the wider “Copernicus” project, described by ESA as the most ambitious Earth observation program to date.
The multispectral sensors on board Sentinel-2A and Sentinel-2B cover 13 wavelength bands from 423 nm in the blue spectrum all the way to 2.2 µm in the infrared.
The 290-kilo push-broom imager has been built by Astrium SAS in France, and its optical features include a three-mirror anastigmat telescope optimized to give a swath width of 290 km, much larger than earlier multispectral missions.
CMOS image sensors are in place for the visible and near-infrared portions of the spectrum, along with mercury cadmium telluride for the longer infrared wavelengths.
Coupled with the high-speed laser links, the Copernicus network should be capable of delivering high-resolution satellite images at close to real time, something that would prove invaluable for security and humanitarian relief missions in particular.
Future Sentinels feature UV
The vast number of images being produced by the mission, combined with their rich wavelength detail, is also expected to create business opportunities for companies who can access and analyse the data. The European Commission reckons that this could create as many as 50,000 jobs, directly and indirectly, over the next 15 years.
In the pipeline for future launch are a whole series of additions to the Copernicus network. Sentinel-3 will comprise two polar-orbiting satellites providing medium-resolution optical imagery and 21-band spectrometry, while the geostationary Sentinel-4 will add ultraviolet imaging capability using sensors from UK firm e2v technologies.
Sentinel-5 will feature ultraviolet, visible and infrared spectrometry across seven wavelength bands to monitor atmospheric gas and aerosol concentrations, while Sentinel-6 – initially earmarked for launch in around five years – will complete the network with additional radar capability designed for oceanography and climate studies.
* Updated June 10: references to hyperspectral imaging changed to multispectral imaging.
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Will Space-Based Solar Power Be a Reality Soon?
By oesolar OnJuly 14, 2017 0 Comments
According to current estimates, the worldwide energy consumption of the Earth is less than the amount of energy that the sun delivers to the Earth in an hour and a half. The sun is vast, near infinite source of energy that we cannot hope to maximize in the near future. Another issue is our atmosphere which reduces the amount of solar power we can generate at the bottom. However, we should be grateful for our atmosphere as we would literally be toast without it.
Enter space-based solar power
Space-based solar power systems, normally known as solar power satellites (SPSs), have been in our minds for a couple of decades now. Up in space, the same solar cell would see its energy production capability magnify and there would be no problems of night or cloudiness. This so-called stellar energy is infinite and once the technology has matured, it can easily meet all of our energy needs.
The cost of SPSs are way too high
Currently, it costs around $4,600 to launch a single kilogram into low orbit. Stellar power cannot hope to compete with energy sources unless this price drops drastically to not more than a couple hundred dollars per kilogram per launch. Cheap rockets are required to make SPSs feasible and the costs are the main reason why it has not become a reality. According to Paul Jaffe, an engineer at the US Naval Research Laboratory, as few as four solar arrays in space would be able to meet the entire power needs of New York City, so bringing down the costs associated with rocket launches is important.
Sending that solar power back to Earth
An issue that is bigger than reducing the cost of rocket launches is how we do get that solar power to the ground. Experts who are designing SPS systems agree that it will take at least a few decades to produce SPS’s that are capable of feeding the grid back on Earth. The final answer is likely to involve some form of transfer via solar reflectors and electromagnetic waves. Essentially, on an SPS, we will need to create a middling layer that converts solar energy into a form that can be transferred easily to earth. Most current examples envision converting solar into radio frequencies and beaming them down to Earth which can be picked up by a rectenna and converted into electricity. Hopefully, the technology
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Paris March for life – 17 January 2021
Paris March for life –…
AbortionMarch For LifeNews
On Sunday, January 17, 2021, the French March for Life will take place in Paris. It brings together dozens of thousands marchers who recall their unconditional commitment to respect for life, from its conception to its natural end. To enforce compliance with the Covid-19 rules in force, and to avoid any health risk for the participants, the walkers will gather on the forecourt of the Trocadéro in Paris at 3 p.m., where an animation will take place. The animation will be broadcast live, on a digital platform accessible to all.
During this year 2020 marked by the coronavirus epidemic, saving lives was the concern of all. Paradoxically, life has never been so attacked as this same year with measures such as :
extension of the legal period for chemical abortion up to 9 weeks,
extension of the period for abortion from 12 to 14 weeks
elimination of the reflection period for medical abortion,
removal of the conscience clause specific to abortion,
possibility of abortion up to birth for “psychosocial distress”,
elimination of 96% of children with Down’s syndrome detected before birth.
2020 has also been a peak year, with 232.000 abortions recorded in France. There are also end-of- life threats, with bills tabled before the French Parliament, tending to allow euthanasia and assisted suicide.
This political harassment against life highlights a deep unease in our country. But despite the attempts to make abortion a commonplace, there still is an issue of conscience to us. On the eve of the revision of the bioethics law, we need the support of our European partners to put policies in place for prevention, reception and protection of life. We would be glad and honoured if you could participate in this great demonstration on Sunday January 17, via Zoom. We also invite you to record a short video, to show your support to the marchers, which will be broadcast on zoom during the event.
Osmane Caillemer is reachable (+ 33 (0) 6 76 36 91 87) or at contact@enmarchepourlavie.fr to give you further information and facilitate your participation in this event.
Nicolas Tardy-Joubert March for Life President
Categories: Abortion, March For Life, News January 8, 2021
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Reborn Girl’s New Life
Chapter 418 - The Wire-puller
Chapter 418 The Wire-puller
Chu Mochen knew that this journey to Roume was very dangerous for Song Yunxuan.
He came along with her anyway.
Now that they had arrived, it was meaningless to say that it was dangerous. He could only try his best to protect Song Yunxuan.
He folded his fingers over the dining table, looking at George sitting opposite to him leisurely.
George had a typical westerner’s face. When he was looking at someone with a smile, he wouldn’t be considered annoyed.
Chu Mochen was different from George.
Whether there was a smile on his face or not, he made people feel cold.
A coldness that would raise people’s caution.
Song Yunxuan was sitting next to Chu Mochen, watching these two men looking at each other for a moment and waiting for George to talk.
Since Lu Xia had gone upstairs, George didn’t hesitate to come straight to the point.
“Miss Song, I know why you came here.”
Song Yunxuan smiled slightly and looked at George, “You heard what Sister Xia told me this morning, right?”
George narrowed his eyes slightly and asked, “How could I know what you two have talked about? Besides, that room is our bedroom without any monitor equipment installed.”
Song Yunxuan nodded and did not deny, “Right, indeed I haven’t found any CCTV, but…”
She looked at George with a smile in her eyes, “But I’m sure there’s an audio monitor.”
George’s face darkened slightly, and the seemingly friendly smile froze instantly.
Song Yunxuan stared at him, watching the smile on his face fading away. George asked, “How did you know?”
Song Yunxuan’s smile remained the same. She said at ease, “It was just a feeling.”
In fact, she got her reason. When she was Gu Changge, the experience of claiming the Gu Family’s estate was even bloodier and crueler.
Being able to successfully get all of the Gu Family’s wealth among so many competitors, she certainly had her means.
She didn’t even give it a thought that George installed some audio monitoring equipment. She was sure that he had done it.
George loved Lu Xia, and he would do whatever she asked. He wouldn’t take the risk to upset her.
However, if someone from outside had come to visit her and they had had a private talk.
He would certainly have installed some audio monitoring equipment in advance. He needed to know what they talked about.
George did not deny it. Song Yunxuan continued in a good mood, “Since you did not deny it, I’ll take it that I had the right feeling about it.”
George said nothing.
In fact, he was not sure what game Song Yunxuan was playing and what purposes she had to be here.
If she had wanted to bring Lu Xia back, she would not have persuaded Lu Xia to stay with the Family Sophia during their conversation.
George bugged their entire conversation.
From that dialogue, Song Yunxuan did not quite agree to the idea of Lu Xia returning to the Harbor City.
She did not only disagree but also looked for ways to change Lu Xia’s mind and convinced her to stay in the Family Sophia.
She even indicated that staying in the Family Sophia as the Madam was Lu Xia’s best choice.
George was very satisfied with Song Yunxuan’s persuasion of Lu Xia.
Due to this, George told the maid to invite them for dinner.
If Song Yunxuan hadn’t helped convince Lu Xia, he probably would have asked them to leave before noon.
Seeing George’s complicated look, Song Yunxuan decided no longer to keep him guessing. She offered directly, “If you really want to give Lu Xia a rightful name, I will be happy to help you.”
George was not stupid. He knew that Song Yunxuan was not simple. She would not help him persuade Lu Xia so easily.
He asked her, “What do you want from me?”
Song Yunxuan liked to deal with smart people.
When dealing with smart people, they could understand what she meant even she wasn’t straightforward.
Since George asked, Song Yunxuan didn’t intend to hide her real purpose anymore. She smiled and looked at him, “It’s really simple. I just hope that after you get what you want, Mr. George, can you be a mentor and teach two kids I favored?”
George was sharp. When he heard “two kids”, he had already thought of Shao Tianze’s pair of children.
“Miss Song, they have no blood ties with you. Why bother to protect them?”
“Although I knew not much with their father, I knew their mother well. Now they had lost their mother, and their father has no affection for them. Even if I am just an outsider, I can’t stand by.”
What Song Yunxuan said made a good sense.
But Chu Mochen twisted his eyebrows and looked at Song Yunxuan with a complicated expression.
She knew their mother well?
When did they become friends? How come he hadn’t heard any of it?
Song Yunxuan noticed Chu Mochen’s eyesight and gave him a wink.
Chu Mochen could not tell where Song Yunxuan’s words were between truth and lie, so he kept silent and listened to what Song Yunxuan was going to say next.
Anyway, according to the current conversation, everything went smoothly as Song Yunxuan’s wish.
If George had given them his word, then this trip to Roume would have been worth it.
George stared at Song Yunxuan, “How do you want me to teach those two kids?”
“Just teach them like a friend’s children.” Song Yunxuan did not make specific requirements.
After all, considering Family Sophia’s reputation, even if Song Yunxuan only asked them to bring the children back, George would teach them something after he promised to be their mentor.
To say the least, it wouldn’t have been a big deal even if George had not really taught them anything. As long as those two kids were under Family Sophia’s shelter, they would be safe.
In this way, Shao Tianze wouldn’t be able to find them and harm them.
“You have my words. In return, I need you to help me suppress those remarks against me marrying Lu Xia in my family.”
Song Yunxuan nodded, “You may rest assured. I will fulfill your wish.”
It was not easy to find a way to let the Family Sophia accept a foreign woman as Madam.
However, after all the ups and downs, Song Yunxuan had come up with an idea in her mind.
It was hard to make Lu Xia marry into the Family Sophia. Yet it was because of the difficulty that it became even more meaningful.
The rewards and gratitude received would be greater.
An easy favor tended to be forgotten easily, while a hard one would remain unforgettable.
Moreover, it would be greatly appreciated.
If Song Yunxuan had helped their marriage get the Family Sophia’s approval, what she attained would have been the support of the entire Family Sophia.
The process might be very difficult, but its fruits were very tempting.
Song Yunxuan had got a plan for this.
In Harbor City, everything was slowly coming to an end.
Especially the road that Song Yunjia expected seemed to have come to an end.
Shuang couldn’t resist the pressure of Shao Tianze. Finally, she said a name.
After hearing the name behind the scenes that Shuang spared, Shao Tianze gasped.
Then he pressed his fingers into his temples.
He felt a headache. The name that he hated to hear the most was spoken by Shuang.
“If you lied…”
“I’m telling the truth, and I heard she mentioned that the medicine was taken from the People’s Hospital.”
Shuang’s words made Shao Tianze’s eyebrows twisted up all at once, “People’s Hospital?”
“Yes…” Shuang asked Shao Tianze with some fear, “Mr. Shao, I have told you everything you want to know. Could you let me go?”
Tears burst into Shuang’s eyes.
She looked pitiful.
However, Shao Tianze wasn’t in the mood to feel her mercy. He knocked on the door panel to call the bodyguard to come in.
The bodyguard came in. He looked at Shuang kneeling on the ground and asked Shao Tianze, “Chairman Shao, do you want me to send her to the police station?”
“Go ahead.”
Shao Tianze spoke lightly to the bodyguard.
On hearing of Shao Tianze’s order, Shuang got up from the ground, “Mr. Shao, you promised to let me go. You said that as long as I told on that person behind the scenes, you would forgive me.”
Shao Tianze promised her earlier that he would not put her in jail, so she spoke out of that name.
She didn’t expect that Shao Tianze would break his words like that.
The bodyguard came to pull her arm and drag her out.
She struggled hard and wanted to break free from the bodyguard’s hand.
While the bodyguard dragging her out, she struggled and asked Shao Tianze loudly, “Weren’t you saying let me go?! Mr. Shao! Mr. Shao!”
Shao Tianze turned a deaf ear.
He wouldn’t forgive anyone who tried to harm Changle.
Letting her go? It was just to trick her into telling the secret. It was just a lie.
Silly as this woman was, she really bought it.
Shao Tianze put down the fingers off his temples and took out his mobile phone to find out Song Yunjia’s number.
Just before dialing out, he stopped.
When the call was dialed out, the relationship between Yunjia and him would come to an end.
After so many years, he suddenly felt reluctant to abandon her truly.
Shao Tianze was hesitating.
Gu Changle, who was lying on the hospital bed, had awoken before he knew.
She noticed Shao Tianze’s reluctance. There was a sad complaint in her eyes, “You’ve still had feelings for her?”
Gu Changle’s eyes were filled with pitiful tears.
Shao Tianze turned to see the tears in Gu Changle’s eyes, and he was stunned instantly.
Gu Changle frowned, “If you can’t do it, I really cannot be killed by her. Maybe it’s time for us to say goodbye. Send me abroad, and I might live longer if I was far away.”
This was Gu Changle’s ultimatum.
Shao Tianze heard her. His eyes narrowed and directly called to Song Yunjia without hesitation.
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A Chilling Psychological Drama About A Man Who Stands Up To The System
Director: RDM
Solid: Suresh Ravi, Raveena Ravi, Mime Gopi
At first, I believed Kavalthurai Ungal Nanban — offered by Vetri Maaran — was a psycho-thriller: as in, a thriller with a “psycho” killer on the free. Take a look at the indicators. There’s a captive, moaning in unimaginable ache. There’s the place this captive is present in, one thing that feels virtually fetishistic. There’s the pair of handcuffs. There’s the sickly yellow glare that surrounds this captive. There are the indicators of mud and disuse throughout, which recommend we’re someplace removed from civilisation. Slowly, we see that this analysis of the movie will not be too off the mark. We’re nonetheless in a psycho-thriller: as in, a psychological thriller. And the inspiration of the drama that performs out is without doubt one of the pillars of civilisation as we all know it right now: the police pressure that’s meant to maintain society in good well being, failing which there’s solely anarchy.
The irony of this superb movie — and that “pleasant”, reassuring title — is that the anarchy is unleashed by this very pressure. However first, let’s get finished with the underwhelming opening stretch, aka the hero-heroine introduction situations. He’s Prabhu (Suresh Ravi), who delivers meals for a Swiggy-type service. She’s his spouse Indu (Raveena Ravi). They dwell in a largish home, however then perhaps it’s as a consequence of her company job. In such a stretch, you’d need to see how two seemingly disparate varieties fell in love. As an alternative, we see them being in love, via foolish scenes and songs. If you’re the type who judges movies by their first 20-odd minutes (I’m), you’d be forgiven for sighing and anticipating extra of the identical. 9 instances out of 10, the primary 20-odd minutes are a useless giveaway of the sort of movie that lies forward. Kavalthurai Ungal Nanban, written and directed by RDM, is the tenth time, the uncommon exception.
Issues get attention-grabbing when thieves steal Indu’s chain. She’s additionally molested. After which issues get actually attention-grabbing. Prabhu is stopped by patrol police and a battle of egos is about in movement. Prabhu represents the hot-headed youth. He’s the sort of man who, if stopped by cops for no motive, will ask: “What have I finished? Why ought to I pay a bribe? What’s your station? I’ll put this information out on Twitter…” And Kannabiran (a really efficient Mime Gopi) represents the once-powerful System that individuals like Prabhu don’t worry that a lot anymore. And he makes it his mission to instill that worry in Prabhu (and in us) once more. After some time, this cat-and-mouse “recreation”, if you’ll, will get positively chilling. There’s some extent the place Prabhu virtually escapes his predicament. I used to be holding my breath.
Kavalthurai Ungal Nanban performs like Visaranai from one other POV. (It’s even shot in the identical police station.) If Vetri Maaran’s greatest movie was concerning the widespread man getting sucked right into a pitiless System for no fault of his personal, RDM’s psycho-thriller is about what may occur if you happen to deliberately fuck with the System, if you happen to attempt to play the Hero. Is it a cautionary story? Does it say that we must always all shut up and settle for the established order, forking out a bribe versus standing up towards injustice? That will not be the director’s intention, however that’s more likely to be the takeaway for many of us middle-class people, who dread confrontation (and the ensuing psychological torture). I. May. Not. Think about. Being. In. Prabhu’s. Sneakers.
The movie isn’t good. The funds points (and that opening stretch) aside, there are some dialogues which can be too on-the-nose. A few of these come from a superb cop, Murugesan (Tremendous Good Subramani). The performances are useful. However the readability within the director’s imaginative and prescient and the utter sincerity in his storytelling makes it very straightforward to get previous these points. There’s plenty of rock-solid writing, particularly in a flashback that explains why Kannabiran let Prabhu depart. However each time you suppose the worst is behind Prabhu, a brand new horror erupts. After what looks like ages, I watched a movie that’s genuinely unpredictable, and never in a gimmicky means. My favorite contact? It’s the bit the place Indu and the boys who robbed her are current on the station on the identical time. As I stated: unpredictable. That is an auspicious begin, and it’s going to be attention-grabbing to see the place RDM goes from right here.
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Music ministry is a celebration of God’s love and gifts through music. An important part of the liturgy, the music – from the entrance and closing hymns, to the responses, to the Gloria and Gospel acclamation – enhances the celebration and declares the glory of God. We are each uniquely gifted by God and those in music ministry share their gift of song and joy in music through dedication and commitment to the Church and the Lord. It is our mission, as recipients of God’s grace, to serve the Lord and proclaim His abundant love and grace for all.
In Music Ministry we are blessed in many ways. Through the act of giving of our time and talent to provide music for the Lord, we are given the opportunity to enrich our own spiritual lives, as well as the spiritual lives of those in the parish community.
The Music Ministry plays a vital role in the life of the parish. We are primarily responsible for all of the music at the weekend Masses and other special liturgies
The Adult Choir currently sings for the 11 am Mass each Sunday. Rehearsals are Thursday evenings at 7:00 pm.
We always need more voices to sing in the choir and serve as a cantor or song leader at the Mass.
Children’s Choir (Ages 5-14)
The parish children’s choir meets on Wednesday @ 6 pm. The Children’s Choir is growing! They sing for OLQM’s Christmas Concert, The Christmas Mass at 5 p.m., and for the other special liturgies.
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About Our Lady Queen of Martyrs
The parish of Our Lady Queen of Martyrs welcomes you! Located in Sarasota, Florida, our pastor, Fr. Joseph Connolly, TOR, invites you to celebrate Mass with us. "Thank You" to the CCW: Council of Catholic Women for their support and contribution to this website. We couldn't have done it without you!
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Home/Good Reads/230 Chileans Blinded by Police Firing Pellet Guns in Protests
230 Chileans Blinded by Police Firing Pellet Guns in Protests
SANTIAGO, Chile (AP) — Chileans are accustomed to seeing violent clashes between police and demonstrators but a new trend is leaving them shaken: the blinding of protesters by shotgun pellets fired by state’s security agents.
Chile’s main medical body says at least 230 people have lost sight after being shot in an eye in the last month while participating in the demonstrations over inequality and better social services that have overwhelmed the South American nation.
Of those, at least 50 people will need prosthetic eyes. “This means that the patient doesn’t only lose their vision, but they lose their actual eye,” said Dr. Patricio Meza, vice president of the Medical College of Chile.
The victims are on average 30 years old. In 80% of the cases, the damage is caused by the impact of a lead or rubber projectile on their eyes, Meza said.
“We are facing a real health crisis, a health emergency given that in such few days, in three weeks, we have had the highest number of cases involving serious ocular complications due to shots in the eye,” he said.
What began on Oct. 18 as a student protest over a modest increase in subway fares has turned into a much larger and broader movement with a long list of demands that largely have to do with the wide gap between the rich and ordinary Chileans. People are calling for reforms to health care, education, the pension system and even the constitution, which dates back to 1980 and the military dictatorship.
At demonstrations, it’s common to see police firing pellet guns at crowds. Often, “they’re firing at 90 degrees, which is to say, directly at the face,” said Meza. He said most of the injured say it’s the national police force – known as the Carabineros – who are the ones firing.
The National Institute of Human Rights has said that while it condemns violence by protesters, this does not justify “the indiscriminate use” of pellet guns by riot police.
Meza said other countries seem to follow protocols about the use of pellet guns but in Chile, “this is clearly not happening.”
There are protocols in Chile around use of force by the police. They must first seek to establish order with verbal commands. The use of force is permitted in cases of active resistance, while the use of non-lethal arms is allowed during acts of active violence. Lethal arms are limited to situations that could be deadly.
The National Institute of Human Rights, Amnesty International and the Medical College have been urging the government to ban the use of pellet guns by police since the start of the Chilean unrest, but they have come up against a wall.
The appeal courts of Antofagasta, in the north, and Concepción, in the south, this week banned the use of lethal arms and projectiles against people who are protesting peacefully.
University of Santiago rector Juan Manuel Zolessi said the Council of Rectors, which represents 29 private and public universities, has asked the courts in Santiago to ban the use of lead and rubber pellets by the national police in demonstrations.
On Sunday, police director Gen. Mario Rozas said the use of pellet guns will “be limited.”
The following day, theatre student Vicente Muñoz was hit by projectiles fired by a police officer two meters away, according to his sister. He lost sight in his left eye.
“I think it’s absolutely incredible that, after all these cases of lost eyes, immediate action has not been taken to ensure it doesn’t keep happening,” said Ennio Vivaldi, rector of the University of Chile, where Muñoz studies.
In response to demands that pellet guns not be used, Interior Minister Gonzalo Blumel said that “we need to be very careful about introducing changes that could result in a violent situation that is actually worse.”
The massive demonstrations have been mostly peaceful, but it’s common to see hooded protesters infiltrate the gatherings, hurling rocks, raising barricades and confronting police, who clamp down with violence.
Rozas said police will start using a camera on their helmets to track their actions and the use of pellet guns will be limited to situations of “real danger” for police and citizens.
“Evidently, they are recognizing that they were doing something wrong,” said Sergio Micco, director of the National Institute of Human Rights.
Health Minister Jaime Mañalich announced an “ocular reparation program” for “victims of political violence” that covers the cost of treatment and psychological care.
The national prosecutors have opened 1,089 criminal investigations into allegations of “institutional violence” during the first two weeks of the conflict. Of those 70% are directed at the police.
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March 22, 2017 March 22, 2017 by laraantonellileorke
THE KIN. Isaac Koren, Shakerleg and Thorald Koren. Photo by Stef Mitchell.
We chatted to Isaac Koren, one of the members of The Kin, which is made up of two brothers (Isaac and Thorald ‘Thorry’ Koren) from Australia, and their unique hand-drumming drummer from New York (Mark ‘Shakerleg’ Nicosia). Having begun their musical journey in Adelaide where they were born, the Koren brothers have been making soulful alternative rock music in NYC for nearly two decades. Their latest album, Modern Primitive, signifies the end of an era for the the boys, as they look back on the path they forged in the midst of the music they love so much.
1. Do you remember the first moment that, as siblings, you both realised you loved music or was it a passion that blossomed within you from birth?
I think the thing that really united my brother and I was the existential experience of harmony. The first time we heard it, we were singing Prince at 7am on the drive from Coogee to Jindabyne, for a weekend ski trip. I was eleven and Thorald was eight. We sung harmony for the first time to Prince’s, ‘When Doves Cry’.
The second time we heard it was a few years later, as we wrote a song for our father’s second wedding. We were hiding in the bathroom as we wrote it and I remember the effect of the natural reverb on the sound of harmony over minor chords – we were hooked!
2. Who or what inspired you to move to New York to pursue your music dream?
It was a lot more accidental than that really. I was studying music and philosophy at Northeastern University in Boston and Thorald was finishing Performance High School in NYC, shedding 6 hours a day on his jazz hollow body in the stairwell. We lived in a two bedroom apartment on 58th and Avenue of Americas, right by Central Park.
We would get together on weekends in NYC, brothers hanging out again, smoking rollies, joints and drinking copious cups of tea. The Kin was born out of late night jams and digging through our childhood wounds together and trying to make sense of it all.
We had grown up in the perfect family from a happy Eastern suburb, and then our mother changed the rules on us. She had forgone her career on the stage for a seat in the ashram; this is where she met our father, meditating all day. Shoot to fifteen years later with three kids and she decides she needs to continue her path on Broadway. No one could stop her. She was unstoppable.
We were Aussie hippy kids, who now found themselves in the bows of New York City. We would cling to music as a safe place, I think. Perhaps we still do…
3. What was your initial impression of the American musical scene in NYC when you formed back in 2001?
We were totally absorbed in the Jazz scene. We would head down to the West Village on Friday nights at about 11pm and drink cheap red wine and eat peanuts until 4 or 5 am at SMALLS, watching the local Jazz musicians and soloists get up and shed their latest grievances on their instrument. The whole room was in a groaning trance and I could see my brother studying their fingers, dreaming of playing those notes.
We would sometimes head to the Blue Note and Thorald would nervously get up and try to follow the eager drummer who was challenging the blonde kid with an accent.
The Lower East Side was full of a rock and roll revival back then. Everywhere from Mercury Lounge to Bowery and in between was skinny kids who didn’t care what you thought of them.
4. Do you find that you draw upon any musical influences when creating your music or is there an artist that you are inspired by?
We are certainly influenced by everything that we ever hear, whether we like it or not. However, Kin songs were always downloaded and never consciously written. We never sat down at the piano and thought, “I need to write a song and it needs to feel like this”… perhaps we should have? The music always just overflowed and we caught it; sometimes from a dream or from recording a whispery voice note in the bathroom.
5. Your latest album, Modern Primitive, showcases a striking portrait of a young man with bruises – can you tell us the story behind that artwork direction?
That was how we felt after years of dealing with a major label and hauling our gear across the world. We don’t want anyone’s pity because we did it for ourselves and to serve the music, but we certainly got some dirt and blood under our fingernails. This album represents the final battle for The Kin. We are proud of our scars, as everyone should be; these wounds are where we draw our power from today.
6. You’ve toured with huge and renowned artists such as P!nk and Coldplay – from arena concerts to rural outback Australian gigs – what has been your most surreal, and most wonderful experiences from those tours?
It was a real sweet last Aussie show for us to support Coldplay at the Enmore Theater. Those boys spoiled us with French champagne and were so kind to us. Some of the nicest blokes we’ve ever met. Their crowd had a real energy to it.
Supporting P!NK in the Adelaide Entertainment Centre was emotional for me. That’s the city where we were born and to play our first show there was a real achievement for us. My godfather Ken, took me and my tour manager, James St Vincent, out the night before and I played the show with a raging hangover. We pulled it off however…
7. How did you find your drummer Shakerleg (aka Mark Nicosia)? Were you aware of him drumming with his hands in the NY subways or did you happen upon him by chance?
Everyone knew SHAKERLEG back then in 2006. He’d yelled at everyone but you got where he was coming from; it was a wild passion to express himself. What a beast of a performer. He would jam on subway platforms with Theo Eastwind and they knew quietly that they had the biggest audiences in the local scene. They were stealing their ears, but they still had the widest reach. We all knew of how much of an animal and musician Shakes was. Just one day, we urgently needed a drummer for the Rise & Fall tour. We took our sighting of him as a sign and followed it.
8. Could you imagine ever doing music solo or do you feel that your bond as brothers (biologically and as mates) is what brings about the soul in your music?
Yes we must do solo stuff. It would not be right to hold back from painting on our own canvass. Thorald and I will both explore those projects later this year. SHAKERLEG is also working on his music. The Brothers Koren have a writer/producer team that we are working with that we are excited about.
9. There are rumours that your latest album could well be the last you produce for a while. What are your plans whilst on musical hiatus?
We are writing a broadway musical, not only is it a radical feminist rock opera but it is a way of bringing our family circle to completion and having one last hoorah in NYC. Watch this space!
QUICK RANDOM ONES:
– Favourite place for a drink in Manhattan?
Flower Shop.
First celebrity crush?
Madonna, from the ‘Like a Virgin’ video.
Secret vice?
Bad British drama.
– Most loved holiday destination in the world?
Byron Bay.
– Thing you miss most about Australia?
The fruit, the ocean, the pace.
Who would you most love to collaborate with?
I would like to work with The Machine from Florence and the Machine. Perhaps I could have her help with the Broadway musical? I’ll have to ask.
– Most prized possession?
Didjeridoo from the Bundjalung Tribe in NSW.
To find out more about The Kin, or to purchase their new album, head to:
http://hyperurl.co/thekinmp
http://thekin.com/
https://www.facebook.com/thekin
Tags: adelaide alt rock australia band brothers hyperpr isaac koren koren brothers Music new york new york city nyc shakerleg soulful the kin thorald koren
laraantonellileorke
One thought on “THE KIN – Interview with the Aussie born, NYC created alt-rock band”
I saw this band opening up for Coldplay! Amazing songs and drummer!
I hope they keep making music.
Brad A.
Leave a Reply to Brad Cancel reply
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Unearthing the Ancient Marble Head of Medusa!
by Amish Shah
In the ruins of a Roman city in southern Turkey, archaeologists have discovered a marble head of Medusa, somehow spared during an early Christian campaign against pagan art.
The head was unearthed at Antiochia ad Cragum, a city founded during the first century, around the rule of Emperor Nero, that has all the marks of a Roman outpost —bathhouses, shops, colonnaded streets, mosaics and a local council house.
With serpents for hair, wide eyes and an open mouth, Medusa was a mythical monster who could turn a person to stone with her gaze. At Antiochia, a Medusa architectural sculpture would have served an apotropaic function, intended to avert evil —but later, her likeness would have been considered idolatrous by the Christians who came to live at the site.
“The people living at Antiochia later were zealous Christians who were destroying art in much the same way that ISIS is destroying remnants of the ancient past,” Michael Hoff, a University of Nebraska–Lincoln art historian and director of the excavations, told Live Science. “These things were meant to be destroyed and put into a lime kiln to be burned and turned into mortar.” [See Photos of the Medusa Head and Ancient Antiochia Site]
Antiochia, which covers more than 7 acres (3 hectares), is located on the sparsely populated outskirts of the town ofGazipa?, atop craggy cliffs in an area that is today dominated by wheat fields. Little is known about the city from ancient sources, and though the archaeological site had been identified in the early 19th century, it had never been given much attention by scholars until recently, Hoff said.
“The fact that it’s somewhat of an unknown city makes it fascinating for us as archaeologists,” he added. The evidence Hoff and his colleagues have dug up so far suggests Antiochia might have actually been an economic player during the Roman Empire, a center for the trade and production of wine, agriculture and glass.
“The result of all this economic activity is a pretty high degree of cultural output,” Hoff said. In 2012, they discovered an enormous poolside mosaic covering 1,600 square feet (150 square meters) with intricate geometric patterns. They also found the marble head of an Aphrodite sculpture in 2013.
Much of the Roman artwork from the site has been lost. Sometime after Christianity became the official religion of the Roman Empire in the fourth century, several churches were built at Antiochia. Hoff said his team has found lots of broken sculptural parts and bits of statues that had smashed into pieces; they’ve also found evidence of the Christian kilns where the marble artwork would become mortar..
A group of Turkish students discovered the Medusa head near the foundations of a building that may have been a small temple. Hoff and his colleagues have reconstructed the head and other marble fragments found nearby, showing that Medusa’s head was not part of a freestanding statue, but rather it would have been incorporated into the pediment of the building.
When the team returns to the site next year, they plan to further excavate the city’s bouleuterion, the seat of the local legislature that may have doubled as a music hall or theater. Hoff said they also plan to investigate the rows of shops that line a Roman street to find out what was being sold in the marketplace.
Amish Shah
Also in Project Yourself
The Vinyasa Of Gratitude & Abundance
by Puja Shah
The holidays are here. Full of gratitude and warmth. As we focus on the ways we can give this holiday season, consider the idea of giving gratitude. The more energy you create in your heart around joy for others, the more joy and abundance fills you and your life as well.
Can We Be Grateful For 2020
The holidays are a time of gratitude.
And even in a year of pandemics, natural disasters, and political and economic uncertainty - there is still much to be grateful for.
The fact that you’re now here reading these words is already a cause for gratitude. Not to mention all the loved ones, blessings, opportunities, and natural wonders that still surround us.
This Holiday Season, Love Is The Gift Humanity Needs Most
Love heals: and the world needs healing now more than ever.
But how does one tap into the vibration of love - particularly during times of disruption and uncertainty?
Inner Peace This Holiday Season: Is It Possible?
How to Find Your Ideal Balance With 2 Simple Yoga Poses
About Project:Yourself
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10.10.2019 Mezir 9 Comments
Big Boys - The 99th Floor - Eclectic Guitar (CD, Album), Tresor Impressions (Final Mix) - Hardy Küster - Tresor Impressions (File, MP3, Album), Simon & Garfunkel - The Concert In Central Park (DVD), Chinese Whispers - FM (6) - Aphrodisiac (CD, Album), Things - Various - Music To Kill Brain Cells Vol. 1 (Cassette, Album), Amáme O Dejáme (Love Me Or Leave Me) - Zoloka? Trío - Yo Nunca Te Vi (CD), Twist & Shout - Ike & Tina Turner - Nutbush City Limits (CD), Too Bloody - Anthony Cruz - Mamas Blessing (CD, Album), Kids I Hate - Ant Farmers - Yarn (CD, Album), Hekonda Kimochi Tokasu Kimi - U-ka Saegusa IN db - U-ka saegusa IN d-best ~Smile & Tears~ (CD, Album, Hallelujah! I Love Her So - Various - Beatles Beginnings - Quarrymen Two: Rock n Roll (CD), Northcote - Blood Duster - Yeest (CD), Oceans - Various - Disc Thirty Six (CD), Speed Five - The Longer I Wait The More Anxious I Get (CDr), Venezia A Dicembre - Aldo Donati - ....E Mi Metto A Cantare (Vinyl, LP, Album)
Tojacage
Mar 07, · Two of Us Lyrics: It's been a minute since I called you / Just to hear the answerphone / Yeah, I know that you won't get this / But I'll leave a message so I'm not alone / This morning I woke up.
Yole
"Two of Us" is a song written by Paul McCartney and credited to the Lennon–McCartney partnership. The song was recorded by the Beatles on 31 January "Two of Us" was originally released as the opening track on Let It Be () and a remix of that recording was later included on Let It Be Naked (). An outtake of the song, recorded on 24 January , Genre: Folk rock.
Mazragore
Feb 01, · Directed by Michael Lindsay-Hogg. With Aidan Quinn, Jared Harris, Ric Reid, Martin Martinuzzi. In , John Lennon and Paul McCartney have a chat about their lives and discuss whether The Beatles will ever reunite.7/10().
Malajora
Two of Us is a television drama (and the third original VH1 film) which offers a dramatized account of April 24, , six years after the break-up of the Beatles and the day in which Lorne Michaels made a statement on Saturday Night Live offering the Beatles $3, to reunite on his program.. It was directed by Michael Lindsay-Hogg (who also directed the Beatles film, .
Araktilar
B Corp certification gives us a North Star for the type of business we want to be in years to come: one that gives more than we take from the world. Insights. ustwo at home: Resources, thoughts and feelings from lockdown. It’s been a while since ustwo became fully remote. Like many companies around the world, we’re rapidly adapting.
Mutaxe
A: In many marriages, stress builds up around money because of a “yours and/or mine” attitude. The stickiest issue, in fact, for two income couples, especially in the early years of marriage, Read more. Read about our panel of marriage experts.
Mar 31, · Please do like, Share and subscribe my channel I do not own anything. All credits go to the right owner. _ _ _ _ Check out our teespring store: https://bit.
View the latest US news, top stories, photos and videos from around the nation. To get the day’s top headlines delivered to your inbox every morning, sign up for our 5 Things newsletter.
“Just the Two of Us” is a smooth-jazz/R&B single that establishes an emphasis on how love ebbs and flows. Particularly, the protagonist doesn’t wish to plunder his opportunity to be with a.
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Making An Addict - Professionals and recovering addicts discuss addiction and recovery.
Making An Addict D.J. Burr
Personal Journals
"It is about attachment...for reals!" feat Kris Cook
In the season one finale of Making An Addict, D.J. talks with colleague Kristina Cook about her life in recovery and the challenges she faced growing up as a young person looking for validation, support, and love - everything she should have received freely - and how she eventually discovered her inner worth and beauty. As Kris says, "It's about attachment, for reals!" Kristina is a leading therapist in Seattle, WA. Learn more at http://www.fremonthealingarts.com/practitioners.html.
Making An Addict is hosted by D.J. Burr, psychotherapist, and author of I Just Wanted Love: Recovery of a Codependent, Sex and Love Addict and the host of the podcast Journey On: Men Healing from Sexual Abuse & Assault.
www.djburr.com
Like Music (cdk Mix) by cdk (c) copyright 2015 Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution Share-Alike (3.0) license. http://dig.ccmixter.org/files/cdk/
The Gifts of Addiction and Recovery featuring Christina - S1Ep20
In this week's episode, DJ talks his dear friend, Christina about what it was like to lose her father at a young age, and the neglect she suffered within her family of origin. Christina shares what it's like to be a parent while in recovery; dating in recovery as a healthier person; and not trying to control everything in her life. Christina also gives us a glimpse of what it's like to be in recovery from sex/love addiction.
Therapist Danielle DeBray on becoming emotionally intimate with ourselves to fight addiction. S1E19
In this week's episode, D.J. talks with Seattle therapist Danielle DeBray about emotional intimacy and addiction. In the interview, Danielle references the classic psychological experiment "Rat Park" from 1978, which demonstrated how connectivity beats addiction and she calls for our own "Chimp Park" to beat the various addictions us humans have to other people, places, and things. Danielle is an expert on emotional attachement, atunement, addiction, eating disorders, and a phenomenal group therapist. She has been in the field of counseling for over 23 years. To learn more about Danielle visit her website. Here is a YouTube video on Rat park.
Allie Haydon on working with youth in recovery S1E18
In this week's episode, D.J. talks with Allie Haydon, a licensed chemical dependency counselor, licensed marriage and family therapy associate, who works for Palmer Drug Abuse Program(PDAP) in Houston, Texas. Allie shares her story of alcohol and drug abuse recovery and how her experiences led her to helping youth as young as 12 years old in recovery. Allie says some people considered her a "low bottom/high functioning alcholic," but I think she is a gem for the hard work she does for the youth.
After our interview, Allie and the PDAP family were in one of the worst hurricanes to hit the U.S. Allie reports that everyone is doing well after Hurricane Harvey struck Houston, but donations are appreciated to help youth stay in recovery. You can donate to PDAP directly at http://pdaphouston.org/support/ . Thank you for considering.
Learn more about Allie Haydon on her website.
Trauma Therapist Christy Alexander shares on why hurt people hurt people and how to hit F5 and open yourself up for change in recovery. S1E17
In this week's episode, D.J. talks with his friend and colleague Christian (Christy) M. Alexander, trauma therapist, about her recovery journey from alcohol and drugs and the impact her addiction has had on her health. Christy opens up about her struggles staying sober while actively working with clients in various mental health settings. With the help of her network, Christy has been able to embrace sobriety and accept the gifts of her own imperfections as gifts to those she treats in her private practice in Federal Way, WA. Learn more about Christy Alexander.
Hypnotherapist/Life Coach Joe Class talks healing the souls of those afflicted by addiction. S1E16
In this week's episode, DJ talks with colleague Joe Class about his experience working with addicts in recovery, and his own journey of recovery. Joe's belief is every one has an addiction to something. He explains that he is a soul healer - empowering clients to get in touch with who they really are and strengthening their own sense of self. We have to heal the hurt beneath addictions.
To lean more about Joe Class, visit his website Flowing Water Healing and read his blog post Everyone's An Addict.
Joe is also on Facebook!
© D.J. Burr
farrahsahorse , 09/05/2020
It’s been 20 years and he was released from Prison this week. It never leaves you. Ty
Myke EOD , 05/10/2017
Not what I expected, wow. What a very powerful show, subscribed.
Mbott66 , 02/18/2020
Good concept but...
The background music has to go!!! I cant listen the podcast due to the musical distraction, and noise, on every story. Sorry man.
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Jared Padalecki's Wife Genevieve Cortese Reveals the 'Goods' She's Gifting Family This Holiday Season
By Libby Birk - November 21, 2019 10:29 am EST
Actress and mom-of-three, Genevieve Cortese is gearing up for the holidays. The wife of Supernatural star Jared Padalecki boasted on Instagram that she's already halfway done with her Christmas shopping this year thanks to a little help from Amazon. The 38-year-old sat in front of a fireplace decorated for the holidays, sitting with her head in her hands and giving the camera a sweet smug smile. "[The face when] you’ve got half of your Christmas shopping done and it’s not even December yet," she captioned the post.
A post shared by Genevieve Padalecki (@nowandgen) on Nov 20, 2019 at 8:44am PST
Cortese also shared a list of gifts she's planning on giving Padalecki and their three children, Thomas, 7, Austin (aka Shep), 5, and Odette, 2. On the list were items like a giant giraffe for Odette, a pogo stick for Shep, a keyboard for Tom and a pair of headphones for Padalecki, who the lifestyle blogger said travels "every weekend" from their home in Austin, Texas, to Vancouver to film Supernatural.
Cortese has been starting to get back into her influencer rhythm following Padalecki's arrest at a bar in October for assault. While she stayed mostly quiet in the days and weeks following the arrest, she's been ramping up on sharing her life during the holidays with her followers.
She appeared to reference her husband's arrest in a Nov. 4 post in which she included a quote from Brené Brown: "Owning our story and loving ourselves through that process is the bravest thing we'll ever do."
Padalecki himself referenced his arrest, which occurred just days before he was scheduled to appear at a Washington, D.C. convention with Supernatural co-star Jensen Ackles. After he missed the event, he tweeted: "I want to sincerely thank my family and friends for all of your love and support. So sad to miss the [Supernatural family] at [DC Con] but I hope to see y’all soon."
As previously reported, Padalecki, 37, was arrested just after 2 a.m. on Sunday, Oct. 27 outside Stereotype, a downtown Austin club he owns. According to the arrest affidavit, he allegedly punched two club employees and was intoxicated. He was charged with two counts of misdemeanor assault with injury.
Padalecki's arrest did not impact production on Supernatural, which is now in its 15th and final season. The series finale will air on Monday, May 18, 2020 on The CW.
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How to Commit Poetic Justice on a Slab of Pig
Carolyn Phillips // Los Altos, CA
The author holding the Dongpo Pork that she created in her kitchen.
Dongpo Pork is something that few restaurants in the West serve simply because the sublime dishes of Jiangsu province – Asia’s answer to France, when it comes right down to it – remain shrouded in mystery just about everywhere outside of China.
Even the few places that actually manage to offer it here don’t do it justice. The reason for this is that this dish requires excellent ingredients, a more than lavish touch with the wine bottle, and the willingness for time and heat to work their magic. Only then can one take a sensuous mouthful and luxuriate comfortably in the screams of sensory delight bouncing around between the tongue and the brain.
Dongpo Pork is deservedly famous in China, mostly because it’s just way too good to be ignored and also because it’s supposed to have been the brainchild of one of China’s greatest poets, Su Dongpo.
I first tasted this dish in Taipei when I accompanied my museum boss on one of his gourmet dinner runs. As his interpreter, it was my pleasant duty to translate for him whenever he wined and dined bigwigs, which included everybody from Cambridge scholar Charles Needham to former Metropolitan Museum celeb Thomas Hoving. A native of Jiangsu province, Director Ho had a soft spot for the food of his homeland, and when he wanted to impress, we were treated to incredible dishes by master chefs who – like the director – had fled the Mainland for Taiwan.
Few dishes remain in my memory bank with as solid a footing as Dongpo Pork. To be honest, I think of this dish as requiring a touch of alchemy more than cooking because the results are so much more than the components. It’s as if gold were woven out of dross, for just a few ingredients simmer away for a few hours on the stove as one suspends one’s expectations long enough for the magic to happen.
When I make this dish according to the traditional recipe, I start with a superb piece of pork belly with the skin still attached, as it’s the skin that ends up supplying the tantalizingly sultry texture to the sauce. After cutting the pork into four equal squares, each piece is bound with a thick strand of dried grass before being blanched and then simmered in a mixture of caramel, soy sauce, and a ludicrous amount of Shaoxing wine.
Over the course of a few hours, these mingle with a bouquet of cinnamon, star anise, ginger, and green onions to create the most magical of all pork dishes: tender and flavorful flesh sandwiched between pillowy layers of fat, the skin a silky raft for everything that went into the pot, the sauce a divine liquor that envelopes each chewy grain of rice and caresses my lips like a lover’s kiss.
Every once in a while, we humans stumble upon a way to cook animals that seems divinely inspired, one that is more manna than meat. Dongpo Pork is one such gift of the culinary gods.
Carolyn Phillips is a regular contributor at Zester Daily, pens a food blog called Out to Lunch and has written her first book, Simple Pleasures from a Chinese Kitchen.
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Neil Shook presentation
Neil Shook presentation 2
You are here: Home / Research / Recent Conference Presentations / 2018
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PIRE undergraduate fellow Neil Shook’s research presented at the 2nd International Symposium on Bilingual and L2 Processing in Adults and Children
Braunschweig, Germany
Title: The interpretation of novel grammatical features in L2 sentence processing: The case of singular they in L1 and L2 English
Abstract: While research suggests that L2 speakers rely more heavily on discourse cues than L1 speakers during real-time processing (Cunnings, 2017), how discourse and grammatical cues interact in L1 and L2 comprehension remains of interest. The present study investigates how the plural grammatical cue of English singular they(a grammatically plural pronoun used to refer to a grammatically singular antecedent; Figure 1) interacts with discourse cues (referential status) of the antecedent to shape L1 and L2 speakers’ real-time processing and final interpretations. In a self-paced reading task, L1 English monolinguals and L1 German-L2 English speakers read sentences containing either a referential (e.g., that jogger at the intersection) or a nonreferential (e.g., a jogger) antecedent. A second clause referred to this antecedent using a grammatically singular (he/she) or plural (they) pronoun. Following each sentence, participants indicated whether the subject was singular or plural. L1 and L2 English speakers showed no reading time differences for they vs. he/she in either referential context (Figure 2), suggesting that neither group had difficulty integrating the plural feature of they while reading. Interpretation responses revealed that L1 and L2 speakers were more likely to interpret the subject as plural with nonreferential than referential antecedents. L1 speakers also showed an increase in plural responses in nonreferential contexts after reading they vs. he/she, but not in referential contexts (Figure 3); L2 speakers showed an increase in plural responses after reading they vs. he/she in both referential contexts (Figure 4). These results suggest that the L2 speakers were not sensitive to the interaction between the grammatical cues of singular they and the discourse (referential) cues of the antecedent. The L1 speakers’ interpretations, conversely, were modulated by the discourse cue of the antecedent. This highlights that L2 speakers may not always privilege discourse over grammatical cues during language processing.
Citation: Shook, N., Brehm, L., Hopp, H., & Jackson, C.N. (2018). “The interpretation of novel grammatical features in L2 sentence processing: The case of singular they in L1 and L2 English.” Poster presentation at the International Symposium on Bilingual Processing in Adults and Children (ISBPAC), Braunschweig, Germany, May 24-25.
PIRE undergraduate fellow Neil Shook’s research presented at the CUNY Conference on Human Sentence Processing
Title: Singular they: Online and offline interpretation effects among L1 and L2 English speakers.
Abstract: Language comprehenders must incorporate a variety of linguistic cues into working memory to form an interpretation of an utterance. Evidence suggests that L2 speakers tend to rely more heavily on discourse-level cues than grammatical cues, compared toL1 speakers, during real-time language processing (see Cunnings, 2017, for review). However, limited research has investigated how discourse and grammatical cues interact in language comprehension, and how this cue interaction compares between L1 and L2 speakers. This study investigates how grammatical number information on pronouns interacts with referential information encoded via their antecedents during cue integration and retrieval. Specifically, we investigate English singular they, a relatively common construction in English in which a syntactically plural pronoun refers to a singular antecedent (e.g., A student should study if they want to get ahead.). In manipulating a discourse cue (i.e., referential status)of the antecedent, we provide insight into how L1 and L2 speakers incorporate grammatical and discourse cues during online language processing and offline language interpretation.
In a self-paced reading task, L1 English monolinguals (N= 32) and L1 German-L2 English speakers (N= 29) read sentences containing either a singular referential noun phrase (e.g., that jogger at the intersection) or a nonreferential noun phrase (e.g., a jogger)as a subject. In a second clause, this subject was referred to using a singular pronoun (either he or she) or a plural pronoun (they). Following each sentence, participants answered an interpretation question probing whether the subject of the sentence was singular or plural. See Figure1 for a sample stimulus item. Prior to the self-paced reading task, participants also completed a brief informal written production task which probed for productive use of singular they.
Both L1 English and L1 German-L2 English participants showed no reading time differences for they vs. he/she, regardless of the referential status of the antecedent(Figures 2 and 3), replicating previousL1results (Foertsch & Gernsbacher, 1997). Interpretation responses reveal that both participant groups were more likely to interpret the subject as plural with nonreferential antecedents than with referential antecedents.L1 speakers also demonstrated an interaction between referential status and pronoun; L1 participants showed a slight increase in the proportion of plural responses after reading they compared to he/she in nonreferential contexts, but not in referential contexts (Figure 4). L2 speakers, on the other hand, showed no interaction between these cues, showing instead a similar increase in plural responses after reading they in both referential contexts (Figure 5).
These results suggest that L2 speakers were not sensitive to the interaction between the referential status of the antecedent and grammatical cues of the pronoun, but were still sensitive to both cues independently. L2 speakers’ non-nativelike interpretation of singular they may stem from an unfamiliarity with the construction, since an equivalent to singular they does not exist in their L1 German. This may lead to an overreliance on the grammatical cue from the pronoun when forming an offline interpretation. This suggests thatL2 speakers do not always rely less heavily on grammatical cues than L1 speakers during language processing, but that they may have greater difficulty linking grammatical and discourse information across multiple elements in a sentence at the point of interpretation. Critically, these effects appeared in offline interpretations rather than in online reading times, as no reading time differences emerged across conditions for either L1 or L2 speakers. We hypothesize that the lack of reading time differences at the pronoun indicate that both L1 and L2 speakers can successfully bind the pronoun to its antecedent during reading, independent of number information. However, in reaching a final interpretation of the referent, L2 speakers are less able to integrate multiple and potentially conflicting cues relative to L1 speakers.
Citation: Shook, N., Brehm, L., Hopp, H. & Jackson, C.N. (2018). “Singular they: Online and offline interpretation effects among L1 and L2 English speakers.” Poster presentation at the CUNY Conference on Human Sentence Processing, Davis, CA, March 15-17.
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Cricket Victoria release Covid-safe plan
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Moody is back in the thick of the action at Pakenham
Just a day out from his return to the training ranks after a four-year break, Peter Moody said he couldn't wait to "get back...
This Saint is now a Lion
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From Bunyip to the big time
Dane Roy was once discouraged from kicking at all during his time in the elite junior and VFL footy ranks because, as he was...
Farewell to a trotting legend
Warragul-born trotting driver Gavin Lang, the winner of more than 6000 races, passed away last Friday after a battle with Lymphoma. He was 61. Lang's...
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Following the latest developments in the Covid-19 pandemic, it appears there will be no community football played until June. The AFL this afternoon announced that...
Magpies storm to grand final
Warning: The Magpies are swooping. And with full head of steam, Narre Warren is ready to pounce on its next challenge. The Magpies advanced to its...
The Eels make history
The Pakenham Eels Rugby League club made history last Friday night, with its under-17 girls tag team claiming the club’s first ever premiership. There were...
Bulldog pack commits to Porter
The Western Bulldogs have committed to Officer favourite son Cal Porter until at least the end of the 2020 AFL season, in a sign...
There is change in the air
AFL Outer East is set to shun the traditional relegation process in 2020, with region head office confirming it is going to make a...
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Recovery from Fast Crashes: Role of Mutual Funds
SAFE Working Paper No. 227
66 Pages Posted: 27 Aug 2018 Last revised: 17 Apr 2020
See all articles by Ravi Jagannathan
Ravi Jagannathan
Northwestern University - Kellogg School of Management; National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER); Shanghai Jiao Tong University (SJTU) - Shanghai Advanced Institute of Finance (SAIF); Indian School of Business (ISB), Hyderabad
Loriana Pelizzon
Goethe University Frankfurt - Faculty of Economics and Business Administration; Leibniz Institute for Financial Research SAFE; Ca Foscari University of Venice
Ernst Schaumburg
Federal Reserve Banks - Federal Reserve Bank of New York
Mila Getmansky Sherman
University of Massachusetts at Amherst - Eugene M. Isenberg School of Management - Department of Finance
Darya Yuferova
Norwegian School of Economics (NHH) - Department of Finance
Liquidity Provision: Normal Times vs Crashes
Number of pages: 72 Posted: 04 Dec 2017 Last Revised: 06 Apr 2019
Number of pages: 66 Posted: 27 Aug 2018 Last Revised: 17 Apr 2020
Number of pages: 72 Posted: 10 Nov 2019
Stock Price Crashes: Role of Slow-Moving Capital
NBER Working Paper No. w24098
Number of pages: 62 Posted: 16 Dec 2017
We study the role mutual funds play in the recovery from fast intraday crashes based on data from the National Stock Exchange of India for a single large stock. During normal times, trading activity and liquidity provision by mutual funds is negligible compared to other traders at around 4% of overall activity. Nevertheless, for the two intraday market- wide crashes in our sample, price recovery took place only after mutual funds moved in. Market stability may require the presence of well-capitalized standby liquidity providers for recovery from crashes.
Keywords: Liquidity Provision; Market Fragility; Flash Crash; Slow-Moving Capital
JEL Classification: G12, G14
Jagannathan, Ravi and Pelizzon, Loriana and Schaumburg, Ernst and Getmansky Sherman, Mila and Yuferova, Darya, Recovery from Fast Crashes: Role of Mutual Funds (April 17, 2020). SAFE Working Paper No. 227, Available at SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3239440 or http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3239440
Northwestern University - Kellogg School of Management ( email )
429 Andersen Hall
National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER)
Shanghai Jiao Tong University (SJTU) - Shanghai Advanced Institute of Finance (SAIF) ( email )
211 West Huaihai Road
Shanghai, 200030
Indian School of Business (ISB), Hyderabad ( email )
Hyderabad, Gachibowli 500 019
Loriana Pelizzon (Contact Author)
Goethe University Frankfurt - Faculty of Economics and Business Administration ( email )
Theodor-W.-Adorno-Platz 3
Frankfurt am Main, D-60323
Leibniz Institute for Financial Research SAFE ( email )
Frankfurt am Main, 60323
HOME PAGE: http://www.safe-frankfurt.de
Ca Foscari University of Venice ( email )
Venice, Veneto 30123
Federal Reserve Banks - Federal Reserve Bank of New York ( email )
33 Liberty Street
University of Massachusetts at Amherst - Eugene M. Isenberg School of Management - Department of Finance ( email )
Amherst, MA 01003-4910
Norwegian School of Economics (NHH) - Department of Finance ( email )
Helleveien 30
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Baseball Batting Testimonials
Here are just a few of the many positive feedback Mike has
received from his baseball batting lessons
"The difference in a year with your swing is incredible. The power my son now generates is shocking. My son is only 12 years old and he hit the ball off a top eighth grade pitcher 360 feet off the fence in dead center field. Coaches and parents went nuts because they couldn't believe how much power he now has. This is all thanks to you. Your swing is by far better than anything else being taught and it just keeps getting better and better". The results have been amazing. Louie Moore
Mike, the swing you teach is head and shoulders better than anything else being taught, anywhere. March of 2013 my son's Little League team brought in a "hitting guru" for 2 weeks that taught them to "swing down, fast hands and twist the hips, the same bad cues everyone teaches. The High School coach and other coaches told us he needed to swing faster to get better. Instead, his hitting got so bad we were ready to quit baseball. Thank goodness for you. It's changed our lives, he is a much better hitter thanks to you. With your swing he became the most powerful hitter in St. Albans Little League history hitting a record 22 home runs and batted over .750 while weighing only 90 lbs.
In Middle School he batted over .700 and hit the ball even harder. After one game the opposing coach came over and told me Wes put on the most impressive display of power he had ever seen from any hitter. This year before his freshman year even started he played with the High School, on the Varsity Team, in the summer league and led the team in hitting by far with a .680 average. You are the only one teaching this swing and that is why he now hits the ball with much more power and a higher average than anyone. The swing is easy to learn, you just have to work at it and the results are amazing.
Mike, we now know that anyone who tells a hitter to swing down, stay back, twist their hips, fast hands etc. has absolutely no idea about the best way to teach hitting. You took a kid that loved baseball but couldn't hit, compounded by what we were taught wrong previously and you made him into a better hitter by far with tremendous power. Our first lesson I just wanted you to get my son to hit the ball out of the infield, you said with this swing he can be a powerful hitter everyone talks about. You are so right. Again the swing you teach is head and shoulders better than anything being taught. We owe this all to you, thanks again, Gary Medley
I wanted to thank you for such an amazing turnaround in Trey's hitting and confidence. We came to your cages last year to work on his swing because he wasn't hitting anything. I am thankful you noticed this and talked to me about lessons. You said he was swinging with his arms and you would get him to swing with his body, that I wouldn't believe the results. After the second lesson he was hitting so much better. You said it would keep getting better and you were right it is now like night and day to where he was at before. This year he is hitting above .800 more than halfway through the season and he is hitting the ball so hard almost every time up to bat. We are so excited with the results. Thanks again Brad Ritchie
My sons new swing is blowing our coaches minds. He hit first in our first practice four weeks ago. His first swing he fouled it back and the coach said you need to swing faster than that. My son smiled and the next pitch he hit the ball 5 feet from the fence. Both coaches couldn't believe it. They thought it was a fluke. The next swing he hit the fence, he looked so effortless. They asked where did you learn that and I said from Mike Sedberry. The rest of practice everyone tried to hit it as far as my son, they swung hard like the coaches teach them and not one of them even hit it within 40 feet of the fence. The next practice they had him hit last and everyone again swung hard and one hit out of ten batters landed 20 feet from the fence. My son got up and the first swing he hit a shot that the shortstop jumped out of the way. The next swing he hit a ball 20 feet from the fence in left center. Every parent in the stands was now watching my son hit. The next swing he hit the fence. I had 3 dads want to know where he learned the swing. I told them we have been working hard on your swing for 4 months and it has done wonders for his hitting and confidence. In 2 tournaments he is hitting around .500 and has 2 home runs and 2 off the fence. His new power and higher average is making everyone scratch their heads because he is so effortless. We owe this all to your swing, Tom B.
Mike, I have played and coached baseball for over 20 years. I have been to many baseball clinics and worked with High School and College coaches to learn how to teach hitting. I learned from everyone the same 4 things, stay back, twist the hips, fast hands and swing down. I was teaching my youngest son all of these and he was making contact but had no power. I wanted him to twist and swing faster for more power but then he made contact less often. I brought him in for a lesson 3 months ago hoping you could reinforce these 4 things. When I told you what I was teaching him you said lets look at his swing now compared to the very best hitters like Griffey Jr., Votto and Trout. I couldn't believe the difference. Everything I had learned from the clinics and all the coaches was wrong.
My son's swing looked better after the first lesson with you than it has in the 7 years he has played. I learned more from you about hitting in 1 hour than the hundreds of hours I spent in clinics and with the other coaches. The swing you teach blows my mind. Every time we come in for a lesson I shake my head because he keeps getting better and better. In 3 months my son is hitting the ball so much better and with good power. I am amazed at the difference. I wish we found you before I learned all of those wrong things. We owe you so much, Ted B.
The last 4 weekends have been a real eye opener in your batting cages. My son is a Junior and was getting lessons the last 2 years from someone everybody said to go to. We learned swing down, fast hands, stay back and twist the hips. We came to your place to practice in the batting cages and my son was hitting good. After 3 rounds another kid and his dad came in. When he hit his first round, our mouths fell open, he hit the ball harder than anyone we had ever seen. His swing was different, so effortless. I asked his dad where he learned to hit like that and he pointed to you in the lesson room. We found out he was a Freshman and only weighed 140 lbs. His dad said 3 years ago he had no power because they had learned the same things we were. They said your swing gave him much more power and a higher average. As they took turns hitting my son was swinging twice as hard to hit the ball half as hard as his son. We left amazed with his power and consistency.
The next weekend we came in, your wife said you would be out of a lesson in 30 minutes. We hit a couple rounds in the cages and again he hit well. A kid came in and his dad said hit a few rounds before your lesson. We watched him hit and again our mouths fell open. He crushed the ball with the same smooth swing. I asked his dad where he learned to hit like that and he pointed to you. I asked what high school he played at, he laughed and said he was only 12 years old. He told me last year he barely hit the ball out of the infield because they were learning fast hands, twist the hips, stay back, swing down, etc. He said your swing is why he had so much power and a much higher batting average. Again, as they took turns hitting, my son was swinging twice as hard to hit the ball half as hard as a 12 year old, a 12 year old. We set up a lesson for the next weekend.
You first video taped him hitting. You showed us his swing compared to Ken Griffey Jr. and Mike Trout. We couldn't believe the difference. Everything he had been learning they didn't do in their swing. Then in the next half hour we learned more about hitting, that made sense, than everything we heard during his 8 years of playing and lessons put together. At the end of the lesson he was hitting the ball harder than ever. You gave us 2 drills to work on and he was so excited he did them almost 60 minutes each day. The next lesson he was so happy you could tell he had been working on the drills. You threw to him so he could start practicing the new swing with live pitching. When he did his old swing he never once hit the ball hard. When he did your swing he hit line drives harder than ever before. We couldn't believe the difference. It's easy to see between the two swings, yours is smooth and his old one is fast and jerky. I could tell what a huge difference your swing will make for him. I want to thank your 2 students, their dads and you for this amazing change in my sons swing. Brent M.
The swing you teach is truly amazing. We started working with you last summer because my son was batting ninth on his travel team and wasn't having fun hitting .225 with no power. The coach said to go to someone else but they taught the same thing everyone else did and it wasn't working. Thankfully, we found you. The first lesson you showed us everything we were learning was why he was struggling so much. We worked on your swing all winter and spring. I couldn't wait till the team started practice. The first practice he hit the ball harder and farther than anyone. The coach came over and said he really put on a hitting show today but he looked like he was swinging slower, he needed to stay back more and swing faster. I told him and everyone else in hearing distance the reason my son put on a show is he is doing the opposite of everything we had been learning and that Mike Sedberry's swing is the reason he is hitting so much better.
He put on a show this year in the games too. When he did your swing he was the best hitter on the team. A couple tournaments he did stay back and swung faster but that is when he struggled. It is easy to see the difference when he does your swing and when he swings faster. Both times we came back in and you fixed him and he had great tournaments after that. Your swing has changed everything for him. Dave R.
Mike, I have taken my son and nephew to many lessons with 3 hitting coaches in the last 3 years everyone said to go to. They all taught the same things: stay back, swing down, fast hands, twist your hips, etc... The kids weren't getting better. I was ready to give up on finding someone that wasn't in it for the money, but could actually dissect a kid's swing or pitching motion and compare it to the best MLB players to see what they do differently. I called you and talked extensively on your approach to hitting and pitching and thought "wow", this guy gets it. I thought we can drive the 3 hours one way from Frankfort, Ky. and give you a chance.
The first thing you said was "let's throw some batting practice and see where they are". You recorded the whole thing and we went into your office and started breaking it down so they could see what they are doing verses what the best MLB players do. We could see that everything we had learned was wrong. You showed us what we were going to work on and it made much more sense. We worked on it for 2 hours Saturday. We came back Sunday and put in another 3 hours before going home. The first day you asked them if they believed swinging easier could hit the ball harder. My son said "no". We all laughed. The difference in their swings from Saturday to Sunday was amazing. As we were leaving, my son said: I need to tell him I do believe what he said now.
After that first weekend the boy's improved dramatically almost overnight. They practiced more and more and kept asking me when we were going back. I told them they needed to get the first step down. They worked hard and we came back again for step two a month later. After step two, they both hit home runs the next week. It was my son's 3rd and my nephew's 1st and they have continued to hit the ball harder each week. I know they still have 3 more steps to learn, I can't wait to see how much more they will improve. I've never seen them this fired up to practice. You have a special gift of making this hard thing seem simple and a great way of getting thru to young kids. My only complaint is that I didn't find you sooner! If your son/daughter is struggling with their swing or pitching at all, give Mike a call and give him a try. I bet you will regret not doing it sooner. Thanks, Jeff Rutledge
UPDATE: We played in a big tournament this past weekend with all the big Lexington and Louisville baseball school's. We faced the best pitching from first game to last game that I've ever seen. Dominant pitching every game and Trent only made 1 out all weekend and that was a laser hit to left field. Coach had left fielder on fence when he came up. I told him he hit it too hard, kid had to catch it or get hurt. He was 8 for 9 with 5 walks and 1 hit by pitch. Your swing is amazing. Jeff Rutledge
We are excited to have finally found a hitting coach that is helping make my son be a much better hitter. My son and I have been to at least 5 hitting coaches and 2 high level travel teams with hitting coaches that played in college and in the pro's. Even though he was getting instruction from everyone my son was wasn't getting better. All the coaches kept saying he needed to twist his hips faster and faster hands to hit the ball harder. I know he is a good athlete and he is strong but he keeps hitting weak ground balls and pop ups. The dad of our best hitter told me they go to you. He said he wouldn't be hitting near as well without your help.
We did the video lesson and you showed us why he had little power, it was because he was doing everything he had been taught. Then you showed us his swing beside 3 MLB hitters. Everything they did in their swing was the exact opposite of what everyone else had been telling us. We were excited to see we found someone teaching the swing of the top MLB hitters. In the first lesson after only 20 minutes his swing looked smoother and the sound of the ball coming off the bat was different. He started hitting line drives. That was four months ago and he is now the second best hitter on the team. We have been working hard on your drills and he has raised his average 120 points in the last month. The last game he hit a 275 foot bomb for a home run and everyone went crazy. One dad said where did that come from and I said from his swing. I wish we would have found you much sooner. What you teach in hitting is head and shoulders above anything else we have seen. Mike, we owe this all to you. Thanks so much, John W.
I have to say you have totally turned my son around with his hitting and confidence. We have been to 4 other hitting coaches and they all taught the same thing, swing down, stay back, fast hands, twist the hips etc. We were ready to quit baseball because he wasn't having fun hitting .150 and only getting to hit 1 to 2 times a game. We have worked with you 1 month and I see a big change. First of all you teach almost the opposite of everyone else but you seem like the only one that understands hitting. Your way makes sense. You are the first person to show us how Mike Trout, Ken Griffey Jr. and Joey Votto swing the bat and start teaching us what they do. I saw a difference in the first lesson.
My son has gone from rarely hitting the ball to hitting it almost every time up. The last tournament he hit the ball all 10 at bats and had 6 hits, the best on the team. On our way home he said when are we going back to Mike I want to learn the next step. I wish we would have found you sooner and I am going to tell everyone to call Mike Sedberry and start improving now.
Thanks, Jeff C.
Mike, Jacob has learned so much from you as well as me! I know now what to look for in hitting and your help has made Jacob an awesome hitter! Jacob is I mean killing the ball with your technique. No more weak ground balls, now mostly line drives and to the fence hits. You (hitters) can keep doing it wrong and be frustrated or get Mike to show you what you need to do in a very easy to understand way. Yes practice is still needed but at least your going in the right direction. We have had other hitting coaches but Mike was the one who made it happen for us. Do your Kid and yourself a big favor let Mike work with your player and the game will become much more fun. Now when he steps to the plate they yell BIG HITTER and move back. WE love Par four !!!!!
Thanks Robert A.
Last year my son and I watched a baseball game that two hitters hit the ball so hard and seemed to barely swing the bat. Their swings were completely different from everyone else. Everyone else swung hard, like my son, and didn't hit the ball nearly as hard. I asked the two dads where they learned this and they said from Mike Sedberry. I knew I needed to talk to you.
We had been to so many instructors and camps that taught the same thing I believed that was the way to hit. I looked at your site and all the things that you say not to do is what we were learning. I am so glad we came to see in, you have turned his career around. My son had never had much power even though he swung very hard. We couldn't believe the difference in your swing and what we had been doing. We immediately got excited and have enjoyed working with you this winter.
His first game he went 3 for 4 with a triple into the gap in right center and everyone wanted to know the bat we were using because he had so much more power. I said it wasn't the bat it was the swing. The next game he hit one that short hopped the fence and again went 3 for 4. The first thing he said after the game was can we go see Mike tomorrow. He said "I am only on step 2 and I want to get to the next step so I can hit home runs". He is so confident now. I can't wait to see how good this gets.
Thank You, James N.
My son has always been a good contact hitter but I felt something was missing. I thought maybe that it was just because I'm dad teaching him that it wasn't getting through. Things like, have quick hands, twist the hips and squish the bug with his back foot. I decided to bring him to you and get my way of hitting through to him. Boy was I wrong. After sitting through that first lesson I was shocked to see how powerful your method of hitting was. I soon realized that everything I taught my son has been hurting his power rather than helping it. That was a year ago for his first lesson. Today he has a swing that catches the eye of the crowd.
He had never played on a travel team or any select team of any kind just little league and your lessons. He was one of three sixth graders to make the middle school team, and the coach says he hits like a tank. His confidence has went through the roof and his at bats are getting noticed. It is very hard to break old habits I taught him but your patience with him has paid off. The time you guys have together is always a joy to watch. I can't wait to see how much further he is in the next six months. Thank you for all you do.
Lewis M.
You provide the best and most common sense lessons I have ever witnessed. I had been taking my son to another instructor that kept telling him to swing harder and a couple other hitting cues you said not to do on your website. He had little power, wasn't hitting the ball consistently, looked jerky and sometimes would sting his hands.
When we came in you said he was actually doing what we had learned and that was casing the problems. I couldn't believe the difference in the first lesson. My son had more power and looked so much smoother. The second lesson he was hitting live pitching better than I have ever seen. I am so amazed in the difference this has made in his hitting and confidence. We can't wait to come back in and learn the next step.
Thank you, Jeff M.
We can't believe the difference you have made in our sons pitching and hitting this year. When Steven started he couldn't throw very hard and his arm would get sore after just 2 or 3 innings. Your video lesson showed us we were working on the wrong things we had been taught and watched on You Tube. Each week I see so much progress in the lessons and it seems like each game he pitches he gets even better. The last game he gave up 2 hits and had 12 strikeouts in 6 innings and his arm wasn't sore.
His hitting is also so much better thanks to you. He had no power and just connecting with the ball was tough. Again the video lesson showed we were working on the wrong things. The way you show how to use the body is so unique and the results are amazing. Last weekend he was asked to be in a tournament with older kids, he was very nervous because the pitchers throw harder than he was used too. I told him to do just what Mike has taught you. He batted over .500 and was so excited because he got the game ball for the championship game because he knocked in the tying run and winning runs. He wanted to call you that night. Thanks again!! Carl T.
I have been playing baseball since I was five years old and all through Little League I struggled hitting. I was always in the eighth or ninth hole in the lineup. We found out Mike was doing lessons at Par Four. I started working with Mike around 2008. Ever since then my swing has done nothing but improve. My High School career batting average was .460. My junior year I hit .500 and led the team in RBI's and was hitting champ of the year. My senior year I hit .450 and was second on the team with most RBI's. Because of my success hitting, I am going to be playing baseball at a Division 3 school in Lancaster, Pa.
Mikes program and what he teaches really works. Your swing will always be improving. If it was not for Mike helping me with my hitting I probably would not be playing college baseball. He helped me achieve my dream. Thank you Mike for helping me and continuing to help me improve in the game of baseball.
Chad Williams
Mike, I want to thank you for the amazing difference you made with my son Noah. Last year he hit only one home run with few extra base hits and was one of the bottom two hitters on his team. This year was almost the opposite he hit five home runs with way more extra base hits and was one of the best hitters in the league. He also batted .500 in All Stars this year. Other parents have been coming up to congratulate me on how well he is hitting. Even after a few games the umps came over to tell me they couldn't believe how much better a hitter he has become.
What impresses me most is each lesson your ability to analyze his swing, determine what needs improvement and how you develop a custom plan to make the changes. I can't believe how much this has helped my son. What also sets you apart is your patience and ability to motivate kids. You rock! Steve Burton
I want to give a shout out to Mike Sedberry, thanks for all the help you have given my 10 year old son with his hitting. After just one week of lessons he hit his first home run, I was so excited I didn't stop smiling all night.
You helped him with switch hitting and now he hits the ball consistently from both sides of the plate. In all stars he even had 10 hits in 12 at bats. Every time we come in he gets even better. The changes you have made in his hitting have been amazing. I also hope you will think about starting a catching camp.
Thanks Mike. George H
I want to tell you I can't believe the difference your batting lessons have been for Jacob. When we came to you he was hitting nothing. The other lessons we had gone to told us he was stepping out and he needed faster hands to speed the bat up. You told me that was going to make him worse.What you showed us has completely turned him around. He is now hitting the ball so hard and even hit his first home run. Another mother asked where did that come from and I said it was from you. When he came off the field he said we need to call Mike and tell him. Thank you so much, Jacob now has so much confidence. Betty
It has been so much fun watching the change in my sons swing. One month ago I noticed another player hitting the ball so much harder than I remembered. His dad told me he was taking lessons with you. I was skeptical because we have had many lessons and everyone taught pretty much the same thing. It seemed Jacob would hit worse after lessons and then get frustrated and go back to hitting like before. I am glad we called, your lessons are so unique and I am so excited with the fast results. Last night Jacob two hard line drives to the fence and also hit a ground rule double off one of the best pitchers in the league. Parents from our team and even the other team wanted to know what bat he was using. I said it is the same bat as last year but it is a completely different swing. I am trying to get the whole team to come see you. Matt
Mike, you said it would be an amazing difference when Conner learned how to use the bat the right way. I call it a mind-boggling difference. Last year he had little confidence and if he had one hit in a game it was great. This year he has 16 hits in 19 at bats, his only 3 outs were hit hard but right at someone. Now when the game is on the line he wants to be the one up to bat, and even the parents in the stands want to see him up to bat in these situations. He has so much confidence in himself now both on the field and even off the field you can see the positive change. Thanks for everything, we will be back. Ron
I Want to thank you again for being such a positive influence for Wesley. Last year we came into your batting cages because he wasn't hitting a thing and we thought that you might help. You said he could become a much better hitter by just using the bat correctly. After some lessons it made a tremendous difference and he had a great season even knocking in the winning run in the state tournament. This year after a few more lessons, wow, I can't believe, he now has nine home runs so far this season and he is hitting the ball so hard it is great. We owe all the thanks to you. Gary M.
Because of Mike's help, my son Austin, has made great advances in his hitting. The year before he came in for lessons, he was hitting an average of maybe .300 and had only two home runs. After taking lessons, from Mike, he had an amazing improvement with an average of .658 and nine home runs! The home runs were hard line drives that went way over the fence. Thanks to Mike, Austin now has so much more confidence and is doing great, we will continue working with Mike. WE
The last two years, my son Peter, has been taking lessons with Mike. Before the lessons, Peter was hitting .350 and was striking out 1 out of 6 at bats, and had never hit a home run. The first year with lessons, Peter hit .570 and hit with much more power and even hit two home runs in one game.
The second year he played for the middle school and faced better pitching, he hit .550 and hit with even more power. He is hitting mostly hard line drives and only strikes out 1 out of 18 times. Most importantly, Peter now approaches each at bat, with confidence that he will hit the ball hard. We look forward to working with Mike as Peter goes into high school. Andrew T.
Your video lesson totally just blew us away. The video analysis of my child's swing yielded instant feedback and recommendations for a fix. My son is a power hitter in a many month's long slump and the frustration was mounting (both of us). He practiced what Mike had recommended for approximately five days and then hit two monster home runs in a single tournament. Mike's feedback was only addressing the first part of my son's swing! I am surprised the lessons my son has had to date have not focused on the things that Mike exposes. A common sense approach to one of the most difficult things to do well in sports.
Sincerely, Vince in Oklahoma
My son, Ryan, had just moved up a league and was having problems hitting the better pitching. He had no hits in seven games and mostly strike outs or ground balls. I was talking with Mike, at Batter Up, and he said he could change his power source and we would love the results. I signed Ryan up for a couple of lessons that week, and the next two games he had two hits each. We took two more lessons the next week and in the last 15 games he hit over .500 and had seven home runs. We love the results and look forward to working more with Mike. Thanks for everything. Bob D.
Wow, I can't believe what has been happening. My son Josh was having a rough spring and his coach suggested to come in and see you and make sure to do a video that I would be amazed with the results. I am so glad we came in to see you, in just 3 lessons he has completely changed. We do the drills you gave us every day and the results have been amazing. In the last 5 games he has hit 6 home runs and is hitting over .600. After the last game I thanked the coach for telling us about you and I want to thank you.
Mike, I want to thank you for how much you have helped Alex. Like I told you, we have been to clinics, camps and other individual instructors in order to help Alex get better. In three lessons with you he has improved more than the last three years together. You were right, you do teach different from anyone we have seen, but your results of improvement is fantastic. He has moved from eighth in the order to third. He is now hitting the ball so much harder and is hitting many more hard line drives, just like you said he would. I can't believe how quickly this has happened. Thanks and we can't wait to continue working with you during the off season and see how much more we can progress.
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JP5191260B2 - Input buffer and method for voltage level detection - Google Patents
Input buffer and method for voltage level detection Download PDF
ビー． カウレス ティモシー
マイクロン テクノロジー， インク．
2001-12-10 Priority to US10/016,513 priority Critical patent/US6545510B1/en
2008-03-26 Application filed by マイクロン テクノロジー， インク． filed Critical マイクロン テクノロジー， インク．
239000000872 buffers Substances 0.000 title claims description 79
239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 2
280000304537 Other Logic companies 0.000 description 1
239000007853 buffer solutions Substances 0.000 description 1
239000000758 substrates Substances 0.000 description 1
H03—BASIC ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
H03K5/00—Manipulating of pulses not covered by one of the other main groups of this subclass
H03K5/01—Shaping pulses
H03K5/08—Shaping pulses by limiting; by thresholding; by slicing, i.e. combined limiting and thresholding
G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
G01R19/00—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
G01R19/165—Indicating that current or voltage is either above or below a predetermined value or within or outside a predetermined range of values
G01R19/16504—Indicating that current or voltage is either above or below a predetermined value or within or outside a predetermined range of values characterised by the components employed
G01R19/16519—Indicating that current or voltage is either above or below a predetermined value or within or outside a predetermined range of values characterised by the components employed using FET's
G01R19/16566—Circuits and arrangements for comparing voltage or current with one or several thresholds and for indicating the result not covered by subgroups G01R19/16504, G01R19/16528, G01R19/16533
G01R19/1659—Circuits and arrangements for comparing voltage or current with one or several thresholds and for indicating the result not covered by subgroups G01R19/16504, G01R19/16528, G01R19/16533 to indicate that the value is within or outside a predetermined range of values (window)
G01R19/16595—Circuits and arrangements for comparing voltage or current with one or several thresholds and for indicating the result not covered by subgroups G01R19/16504, G01R19/16528, G01R19/16533 to indicate that the value is within or outside a predetermined range of values (window) with multi level indication
G01R19/16533—Indicating that current or voltage is either above or below a predetermined value or within or outside a predetermined range of values characterised by the application
G01R19/16557—Logic probes, i.e. circuits indicating logic state (high, low, O)
G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
G01R31/28—Testing of electronic circuits, e.g. by signal tracer
G01R31/30—Marginal testing, e.g. by varying supply voltage
G01R31/317—Testing of digital circuits
G01R31/31721—Power aspects, e.g. power supplies for test circuits, power saving during test
(Technical field)
The present invention generally relates to input buffers. In particular, the present invention not only provides multiple operations from the same input pad, but also for voltage level detection, which may facilitate the detection and use of multiple voltage levels for operations such as test purposes. An input buffer and method configured.
(Background of the present invention)
Input buffers have long been used for various analog and digital applications. Many input buffers are optimized for AC switch technology and applications, while other input buffers are configured for voltage detection optimization. Through the use of an input buffer configured as a voltage detector, a determination can be made whether to start or end a particular system function. Such voltage detectors often detect a specific range in which the integrated circuit is designed, prohibit the operation of the integrated circuit when the voltage is outside the specific range, or a specific range within the integrated circuit. It is configured for detection of the level of the supply voltage (V CC ) of the integrated circuit, including determining whether a threshold level has been reached before allowing operation of the application.
Generally, an input buffer configured as a voltage detector is configured to operate with only one threshold level, i.e., jumping over only one point, to see if the voltage level is above or below the threshold. Is done. For example, in a microprocessor based application, an input buffer configured as a source voltage detector can be used to detect the voltage level of the power supply voltage in the memory module of the microprocessor based system. Through this detection process to determine whether a threshold level has been reached, the voltage detector can initiate a signal to the control device to operate the power supply voltage for the memory block of the microprocessor based system. is there.
Many integrated circuit applications are designed with a voltage detector configured to detect operation at a high voltage, or “super voltage” or “SV” level. This SV level configured inside the chip is generally only for use by the circuit builder and is usually used to properly test the die, that is, to place the die in different test conditions. It is set above the operating conditions and is generally not used by integrated circuit users. Such SV levels were originally designed between 9 and 12 volts, but as a result of various techniques and processing improvements and modifications to prevent failures from the active area to the substrate on the die, the SV level Is lowered below 7 volts, thus moving the SV level closer to the operating range of the integrated circuit. Such an event at the SV level is a limitation on the operation margin for such a test application.
In addition to lowering the SV level, circuit designers want a modern integrated circuit (IC) configured with a minimum number of pins to simplify the integrated circuit input / output connection system. . Furthermore, input buffers, which are most commonly configured as voltage detectors including CMOS-based logic devices, are typically designed to provide two operating states. That is, the input buffer receives a high or low voltage signal from an external source and then provides a logic state to the integrated circuit corresponding to the high or low signal. For example, the voltage detector typically operates from one point, when the voltage is in a “high” state, ie, above a threshold voltage, and when it is in a “low” state, ie below a threshold voltage. Configured to detect the voltage. In addition, modern voltage detectors are configured to operate either “high” or “low”, or during transitions between them, but in the middle range, that is, between “high” and “low”. Do not work.
With reference to FIG. 1, a prior art input buffer 100 configured for voltage detection will be described. Input buffer 100 includes, for example, two input terminals of the gates of transistors M 3 and M 4 connected to input signal INPUT and reference signal REF, and from the output of a series of continuous or cascaded inverter stages 102, 104 and 106. It includes a differential amplifier having an output signal OUT_DIFF provided. The input buffer 100 is configured to amplify the difference between the input signal INPUT and the reference signal REF to make a high signal or a low signal.
For example, referring to FIG. 2, during operation, the zero or ground input signal INPUT, for example, when the output of the transistor M 2 is zero, the inverter output signal OUT_PUT remains high signal. When the input signal INPUT is above the reference signal REF, the output signal OUT_DIFF is switched to a low signal. When the input signal INPUT again falls below the reference signal REF, the output signal OUT_DIFF switches again to a high signal. Thus, only two states of operation are realized, a high and a low state. That is, the input buffer 100 recognizes a high or low state, but does not recognize any other state between the two states.
As a result of operation being limited to two states, the functionality of an IC using such an input buffer 100 is also somewhat limited. For example, in an IC, the IC has two command pins A and B, each can be implemented, and two states with only four functions or commands can be decoded, ie A, B = 0, 0 A, B = 0, 1; A, B = 1, 0; A, B = 1, 1 can be decoded. Increasing the number of pins can increase the number of functions that can be used, but it is difficult to move toward smaller packages, and mounting additional control pins in the package is an overall design and Add complexity and cost to manufacturing.
Thus, there is a need for an improved input buffer configured for voltage detection that not only provides multiple operations from the same input pad, but also facilitates the use of intermediate level voltages for testing purposes. is there.
(Summary of the present invention)
The present invention addresses many of the disadvantages of the prior art. Various aspects of the present invention provide improved input buffers and methods configured for voltage sensing systems. The input buffer system may facilitate detection of multiple voltage levels, such as intermediate level voltages that may be used for testing purposes. In one exemplary embodiment, an exemplary input buffer circuit configured for voltage detection includes a reference generator and a multi-state voltage detector. The reference generator is configured to generate at least two reference voltages that are provided as input signals to the multi-state detector. In one exemplary embodiment, the multi-state detector includes a three-state detector. This three-state detector receives an input reference signal and provides output signals to at least three output terminals representing high, low and intermediate levels of operation via comparison of the input reference signal and at least two reference voltages Properly configured to do. In one exemplary embodiment, the three-state detector includes two pairs of differential transistors, the two pairs of differential transistors being arranged back to back and configured to share a common node, and therefore As a result, less current is required.
In another aspect in accordance with the present invention, an exemplary input buffer circuit may facilitate multiple operations from the same input pad. For example, at least three states in operation can be achieved through the use of a three-state detector. Thus, in one exemplary embodiment where three states of operation are implemented, it is possible to obtain up to eight states to be decoded. As a result, additional functionality can be provided by the three-state detector without requiring additional command pins in the IC design. Further, more functions can be provided without adding command pins through detection of additional voltage levels in addition to detection of intermediate level voltage ranges.
The invention may be more fully understood with reference to the detailed description and claims taken in conjunction with the drawings. In the drawings, like numerals indicate like elements throughout.
Detailed Description of Exemplary Embodiments of the Invention
The present invention may be described herein with respect to various functional components and various processing steps. It is to be understood that such functional components and steps can be realized by any number of hardware or structural components that are configured to perform a particular function. For example, the present invention can be used in various integrated components such as buffers, reference power supplies, current mirrors, signal processors, which can be used, for example, for various intended purposes. Includes appropriately configured resistors, transistors, capacitors, diodes and other components. Furthermore, the present invention may be implemented in any integrated circuit application where a voltage detector or input buffer may be used. For example, the present invention may be used in any ASIC (application specific integrated circuit), in any VLSI (very large scale integration) circuit, or in any other integrated circuit application. Such general applications that can be understood by those skilled in the art under the present disclosure will not be described in detail herein. However, for purposes of explanation only, exemplary embodiments of the present invention are described herein with respect to memory chip applications. Further, within the exemplary circuit, various components may be appropriately coupled or connected to other components, but such connections and couplings may be by direct connection between or between the components. Note that it can be realized by being connected or coupled through other components and devices located.
As noted above, current input buffers configured for voltage detection have limited margin in operation for test conditions such as the use of super voltage (SV). Furthermore, current input buffers configured for voltage detection are configured for only two states in operation and have an output function limited by the number of command pins. However, in various aspects of the present invention, improved input buffer circuits and methods configured for voltage detection are provided, providing not only multiple operations from the same die pad, but also intermediate for testing purposes. The use of level voltages can be facilitated.
In one exemplary embodiment, an exemplary input buffer circuit configured for voltage detection includes a reference generator and a multi-state voltage detector. In this exemplary embodiment, the reference generator is configured to generate at least two reference voltages that are provided as input signals to the multi-state detector. Further, the reference generator can be generated internally in the input buffer circuit, while the reference generator can be provided by various external circuits connected to the input buffer circuit. The multi-state detector receives an input reference and provides output signals to at least three output terminals representing at least low, high, and intermediate states of operation via comparison with at least two reference voltages. Configured appropriately.
For example, referring to FIG. 3, in one exemplary embodiment of the invention, an exemplary input buffer circuit 300 configured for voltage detection is shown. In this embodiment, the input buffer circuit 300 suitably includes a reference generator 302 and a three-state detector 304. Reference generator 302 receives the supply voltage V CC, is provided as an input signal to the three-state detector 304, configured to generate at least two reference voltages REF 1 and REF 2. Reference generator 302 may include any circuitry for generating a reference voltage, any number of transistor devices configured in various buffers, power supplies and / or switch arrangements, and any number of resistors. And / or may include capacitor components. Further, such transistor devices may include MOS transistor devices or BJT devices. Further, the reference generator 302 can be configured within the input buffer 300 or can be provided from an external circuit.
The three-state detector 304 is suitably configured to recognize or detect intermediate or intermediate level voltage ranges in addition to high and low states. In one exemplary embodiment, a three-state detector receives an input voltage reference INPUT and, through comparison with two reference voltages REF 1 and REF 2 , operates low (OUT 1 ), intermediate level (OUT 2 ). And three output signals representing the high (OUT 3 ) state. As a result, the three-state detector 304 can recognize the operation of voltages in the intermediate level range. Through the use of an intermediate level range of such operation, an SV that is dangerously close to the high operating range for a given process, while still operating as a tandem input device for a conventional two-state input buffer Instead of status, test conditions can be performed within a safe intermediate level voltage range.
For example, 2.0 and a low signal representing a high signal and 0.8 volts represents a bolt, the intermediate set in the middle between the reference signal REF 2 of the reference signal REF 1 and about 2.0 volts to about 0.8 volts With level detection, the input buffer circuit 300 can determine whether the input signal INPUT is typically well below 0.8 volts or well above 2.0, or rapidly, eg, within about 2 nanoseconds May still provide two state actions. Thus, when the input signal INPUT is within the mid-level detection period of 1.2 to 1.6 volts for any longer period, i.e. not simply within a normal transition in the mid-level range, the mid-level An output signal (OUT 2 ) may be provided by the three-state detector 304. It should be noted that the high signal level and the low signal level can be configured in various ranges depending on the application under consideration.
The three-state detector 304 suitably includes a pair of differential input buffers configured to receive two reference voltages REF 1 and REF 2 and to compare with the input reference INPUT. While this pair of input buffers can be configured in various ways, in one exemplary embodiment, two pairs of differences are configured such that the three-state detector 304 is arranged back-to-back and shares a common node. Appropriately include dynamic transistors. Such embodiments also require less current, as will be described in more detail below.
Referring to FIG. 4, during operation of the input buffer circuit 300, when the input signal INPUT is zero or ground, the output signal OUT 1 remains a high signal, but the output signals OUT 2 and OUT 3 remain low. is there. This indicates that the input signal INPUT is below the reference signal REF 1 and is therefore in a low state. When the input signal INPUT increases in a ramp shape above the reference signal REF 1 , but is still lower than the reference signal REF 2 , the output signal OUT 1 switches to a low signal and the output signal OUT 2 switches to a high signal. And OUT 3 remains low. This indicates that the input signal INPUT is in the intermediate level range. Thereafter, when the input signal INPUT increases in a ramp shape above the reference signal REF 2 , the output signal OUT 1 remains a low signal, the output signal OUT 2 switches back to the low signal, and OUT 3 Switches to a high signal. This indicates that the input signal is in a high state.
When the input signal INPUT transitions and returns to a low level, eg, ground, the three-state detector 304 represents a low (OUT 1 ), intermediate level (OUT 2 ), and high (OUT 3 ) state of operation. Output signal may be provided. Thus, at least three states of operation are achieved: low, intermediate level, and high. That is, the input buffer circuit 300 recognizes not only a high or low state but also a state between these two states. As a result, it is possible to obtain at least three different operating ranges from an integrated circuit application.
Adding an intermediate level of operating range makes it easier for circuit designers to select more desirable test conditions. For example, through the use of an intermediate level range of such operation, a test condition can be performed at a safe intermediate level voltage range instead of an SV state that is dangerously close to the high operating range. Even more remarkable than the test conditions can be performed between intermediate level voltage ranges, perhaps providing an additional range of operation facilitates various advantages in the requirements and functions of the pins in the integrated circuit package It is to be. Still further, the intermediate level detector may also provide less current requirements in a dual input buffer configuration.
In another aspect of the present invention, one exemplary input buffer circuit 300 configured for voltage level detection may facilitate multiple operations from the same input pad. For example, through the use of a three-state detector 304, at least three states of operation can be realized. Thus, at least eight functions or commands can be provided for the two command pins A and B, each comprising at least three states that can be implemented. That is, A, B = 0, 0;
A, B = 0, 1; A, B = 0, x; A, B = 1, 0; A, B = 1, 1; A, B = 1, x; A, B = x, 0; , B = x, 1, where x represents an intermediate level state, and at least eight different logic output states can be realized without increasing the number of command pins. That is, additional functionality can be facilitated by the three-state detector 300 without the need to add command pins to the voltage detection system.
Thus, through the use of three-state detector 304, the number of command inputs from other devices or circuits is significantly reduced by reducing the number of pins required to decode command inputs. For example, SDRAM (synchronous dynamic) required to keep up with the latest computer systems having multiple command inputs such as CS (chip select), CAS (Column address strobe), RAS (row address strobe) and WE. random
For access memory) applications, the number of pins required to decode all possible command inputs is greatly reduced from the integrated circuit package.
The above exemplary embodiment of the input buffer circuit 300 has a three level detector 304 for providing three output signals OUT 1 , OUT 2 and OUT 3 representing low, intermediate level and high states, respectively. Although configured, the input buffer circuit 300 may be configured with a multi-state detector that facilitates detection of additional voltage ranges. For example, the reference generator 302 can be configured to provide one or more additional reference voltages. For example, those additional voltage is higher than the reference voltage REF 2 which is provided as an input signal to the multi-state detector 304, lower than the supply voltage V CC, and the like reference voltage REF 3 and REF 4. Through a comparison of the input reference INPUT and the two additional reference voltages REF 3 and REF 4 , the multi-state detector 304 may provide at least five output signals representing the five operational states.
For example, the multi-state voltage detector 304 operates in a low (OUT 1 ) state, that is, when INPUT is lower than REF 1 , and at a lower intermediate level (OUT 2 ), ie, INPUT is higher than REF 1 , REF 2. Lower state, intermediate level (OUT 3 ), ie, INPUT is higher than REF 2 and lower than REF 3 , and higher intermediate level (OUT 4 ), ie, INPUT is higher than REF 3 and higher than REF 4 It may provide a low state and a high (OUT 5 ), ie, a state where INPUT is higher than REF 4 and lower than the supply voltage VCC . Furthermore, even for an additional function or command for two command pins A and B, each having at least five states that can be realized, can be realized from the input buffer circuit 300.
Thus, the exemplary input buffer circuit is either internal to the input buffer or from external circuitry to generate multiple reference voltages that are provided to the multi-state detector to output multiple states of operation. , Either with a reference generator. As a result, various levels of operation can be used not only for other purposes such as testing, but also the functionality of the integrated circuit device can be greatly expanded without increasing the number of command pins per circuit.
As explained above, the three-state detector 304 can be configured in various ways to provide an intermediate level voltage range of operation. For example, referring to FIG. 5, in one exemplary embodiment according to the present invention, an exemplary three-state detector 500 is shown. The three-state detector 500 can be suitably configured to provide an output signal that represents a range of intermediate levels of operation. In this embodiment, the three-state detector 500 suitably includes a pair of differential input buffers configured to receive the reference voltages REF 1 and REF 2 and to compare to the input reference INPUT. Although the pair of differential input buffers can be configured in various ways, in this exemplary embodiment, the pair of differential input buffers are arranged back-to-back and share two common pairs that share a common node. Dynamic drainage transistor, thus resulting in lower current consumption.
For example, a first input pair 502 comprises transistors M 1 and M 2, each of which has a source connected together. The second input pair 504 comprises transistors M 3 and M 2, has its source respectively are connected together. That is, share a common connection of input pairs 502 and 504 are both a source of the transistor M 2, all of which may be connected to ground. Further, the transistor M 1 has a gate coupled to reference voltage REF 1, transistor M 2 has a gate coupled to input reference voltage INPUT, the gate transistor M 3 are connected to the reference voltage REF 2 Have. In the exemplary embodiment, transistors M 1 , M 2, and M 3 include n-channel devices in an n-channel differential pair design, but in other exemplary embodiments, three-state detector 500 also includes transistors With p-channel devices for M 1 , M 2 and M 3 , ie with input pairs 502 and 504 appropriately replaced by p-channel devices and having a source connected to the supply voltage (V CC ) It can be configured with a P-channel differential pair design.
Each input pair 502 and 504 is suitably connected to a current mirror circuit 506 and 508, respectively. Current mirror circuits 504 and 508 are configured to provide an output signal corresponding to the comparison of the input voltage and the two reference voltages. Current mirror circuit 506 includes p-channel transistors M 4 and M 5 having a gate connected together, a current mirror circuit 508 also includes a transistor M 6 and M 5 having a gate connected together. Common transistor M 5 is constructed in such a way that the diode. That is, the gate and the source are connected together. Thus, to connect input pairs 502 and 504 to current mirror circuits 506 and 508, the drains of transistors M 1 , M 2 and M 3 are connected to the drains of transistors M 4 , M 5 and M 6 , respectively. In addition, the transistors M 4 , M 5 and M 6 are connected to the supply voltage (V CC ).
The output signals from the pair of differential input buffers 502 and 504 may be provided to a low reference output (LRO) node and a high reference (HRO) node, respectively. In the exemplary embodiment, low reference output node LRO is configured to the source of the drain and the transistor M 4 of the transistors M 1, while high reference output node HRO is the drain and source of the transistor M 6 of the transistor M 3 Composed.
The three-state detector 500 also includes a logic device configured to provide low level, intermediate level and high level output signals. In this exemplary embodiment, the three-state detector includes a plurality of inverters 510, 512, 514, 516 and 520 and an exclusive OR gate 518. Inverters 510, 512, 514, 516 and 520 may include any conventional inverter configuration. For example, each of inverters 510, 512, 514, 516 and 520 may include a CMOS transistor inverter stage configured with one PMOS and one NMOS transistor, where the input to the inverter is logic high. The NMOS device provides a connection to the Vdd power supply rail when the NMOS transistor provides a switch connection to ground, while the input to the inverter is a logic low. On the other hand, exclusive OR gate 518 may also include any conventional circuitry for providing an exclusive OR function.
Inverter 510 is configured to receive the signal from low reference output node LRO and provide an output signal OUT 1 indicating that input signal INPUT is low, ie, lower than reference voltage REF 1 . The output signal of the inverter 510 is connected to the input of the inverter 514 and is connected to the input of the exclusive OR gate together with the output of the inverter 514. On the other hand, the inverter 512 receives the signal from the high reference output node HRO, is connected to the input of inverter 516, and the output of inverter 516 which provides an output signal OUT 3 at a high level, the input of the exclusive OR gate 516 Also provides an output signal to be connected. Inverter 520 is connected to the output of exclusive-OR gate 516 and is configured to provide an output signal OUT 2 representing a medium level voltage range.
The three-state detector 500 may also be suitably configured with an enable circuit that controls the switching of the three-state detector “on” and “off” during operation of the integrated circuit. For example, three-state detector 500 can include a transistor M 7 is connected between the source and ground of the transistor M 1, M 2 and M 3. Transistor M 7 includes an enable signal EN coupled to its gate, which can be suitably enabled by any command signal. Moreover, three-state detector 500 can be permanently enabled by connecting the gate of the transistor M 7 supply voltage V CC, DC supply V DC or, for example, the reference voltage REF 1 or REF 2.
The three-state detector 500 is configured to include a pair of differential input buffers sharing a common node, but two independent input buffers, that is, input buffers that do not have a common node are included in the present invention. It should be noted that it can be implemented in other exemplary embodiments. However, it should be noted that such independent differential input buffers consume a significant amount of current during switch operation. For example, each of the independent input buffers can consume more than 600 microamps, resulting in a total current of 1.2 milliamps. However, by having the configuration of a common node, for example, inside the input buffer 502 and 504 and the current mirror 506 and 508 by sharing transistors M 2 and M 5, approximately 600 microamps are consumed. In addition, a small surge current, eg, only 220 microamperes, is realized in the common node configuration while switching the transistors M 1 , M 2 , and M 3 as the input signal INPUT increases and decreases. The However, in embodiments with independent input buffers, more than five times the current can be realized.
Further, in the operation of the three-state detector 500, it is not necessary to require a fast operation in order to detect the intermediate level voltage range. For example, when the mid-level range is used for testing purposes rather than the normal operation, the current consumed by three-state detector 500, by reducing the current M 6 from transistor M 1 may be supplied For example, by reducing the respective transistor channel width or increasing the length of the transistor channel. Further, in one exemplary embodiment including enable circuit with transistor M 7, the size of the transistor M 7, not only by using more weakened size, supply voltage of the gate of the transistor M 7 V CC By connecting to the DC supply V DC or, for example, the reference voltage REF 1 or REF 2 , the current can be stopped. On the other hand, a three-state detector, in order to configured rather work close to the normal buffer, only be separately provide an enable signal to the gate of the transistor M 7 for controlling the operation of the three-state detector 500 Rather, the size, strength, and W / L ratio of the various transistors can be appropriately increased or otherwise adjusted.
Having described an exemplary embodiment of a three-state detector 500, an example operation may now be provided with reference to the simulated timing diagram shown in FIG. In this example, the reference voltage REF 1 includes a 1.0 volt signal, while the reference voltage REF 2 includes a 1.5 volt signal. In the initial state, when input reference INPUT is ground, and thus is lower than both the reference voltage REF 1 and REF 2, through the transistor M 1 and M 3, a greater current flows than M 2, resulting nodes LRO and HRO Produces an output at. As a result, an output signal is realized at the output reference OUT 1 , for example at the input of A and the inverter 516. Therefore, the output reference OUT 1 is a high signal, the inverted output signal of OUT 3 and the inverter 516 is a low signal at B, and the output of the exclusive OR gate 518 is a high signal provided to the inverter 520. There, as a result, a low signal to the output reference OUT 2.
The output references OUT 1 , OUT 2 , and OUT 3 remain in their state until the input reference INPUT increases above the voltage level of the reference voltage REF 1 . When this occurs, more current flows than M 1 in transistor M 2, as a result, the output is not longer Namaze the node LRO, therefore, the output reference OUT 1, i.e. the output does not occur in A. On the other hand, the node HRO remains in the “high” state and the output reference OUT 3 continues to provide a low signal at B, thus providing a low signal at the output of the exclusive OR gate, resulting in the output reference OUT 2 High signal for Accordingly, the three-state detector 500 properly indicates that the input reference INPUT is operating within an intermediate level range determined by the reference voltages REF 1 and REF 2 . When the input reference INPUT continues to increase above the voltage level of the reference voltage REF 2 so that more current flows in transistor M 2 than transistor M 3 , the output no longer occurs at node HRO and the inverter 512 The output reference OUT 3 at the output is made to be a high signal at B. As a result, a high signal is realized at the output of the exclusive OR gate 518, and as a result, low signal to output reference OUT 2. Accordingly, the three-state detector 500 properly indicates that the input reference INPUT is no longer operating in the intermediate level range, but is in a high state of operation.
It should be noted that although the above exemplary embodiments describe intermediate level detection, various changes and modifications may be made to the three-state detector 500 in other embodiments according to the present invention. For example, the three-state detector 500 includes a pair of back-to-back transistors having an additional input pair configured to receive an additional reference voltage and configured to share a common node. Can be configured. As a result, the additional range of voltage can be properly detected. Further, the three-state detector 500 can be configured with additional or fewer logic device configurations, including additional or fewer cascaded inverter stages, or corresponding output signals OUT 1 , OUT 2 and It can be configured with any other logic configuration capable of providing OUT 3 . Furthermore, the DC supply voltage and transistor device size, strength, and W / L ratio can be configured in a variety of ways depending on a number of different design criteria.
Further, as described above, any reference voltage signal used within the three-state detector 500 can be generated in various ways within the input buffer circuit, or other external integrated circuit. And can be supplied from the device. For example, referring to FIG. 6, in one exemplary embodiment, the reference generator 600 is comprised of the supply voltage V CC to generate a first reference voltage REF 1 and the second reference voltage REF 2. Reference generator 600, resistors and resistor divider circuit comprising an input p-channel transistor M 9 having a source connected to the supply voltage V CC via the R 1, n-channel transistor pair is connected to ground in series suitably comprise a M 11 and M 13, the resistor R 1 includes a resistance value that may be configured to provide a desired voltage. Input p-channel transistor M 9 is suitably configured with its gate connected to ground so that p-channel transistor M 9 is always “on”. Through the operation of the resistor divider circuit, reference voltage REF 1 can be suitably generated at the drain of the transistor M 9.
Likewise, reference generator 600, via the source, a resistor and an input p-channel transistor M 8 is connected to the supply voltage V CC via the R 2, a pair of which are connected to ground in series p-channel transistor M It includes another resistor divider circuit comprising a 10 and M 12, the resistor R 2 includes a resistance value that may be configured to provide a desired voltage. Input p-channel transistor M 8 is also as p-channel transistor M 8 is always "on", suitably configured with its gate connected to ground. Through the operation of the additional resistor divider circuit, the reference voltage REF 2 can be suitably generated at the drain of transistor 10.
As a result, the reference generator 600 may provide at least two reference voltages REF 1 and REF 2 to the voltage detection system. Note that various resistance values and transistor sizes can be modified depending on the desired output of the reference voltage. In addition, one or more additional resistor divider circuits may be included in the reference generator 600 to provide additional reference voltages for REF 3 and REF 4 , for example. Further, the reference generator 600 can now be configured in any way that is now apparent or that is subsequently devised to generate a reference voltage.
The present invention has been described above with reference to various exemplary embodiments. However, one of ordinary skill in the art appreciates that changes and modifications can be made to these exemplary embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention. For example, not only the components for performing the processing steps, but also various processing steps depending on the particular application or considering a significant number of cost functions related to the operation of this system. Can be done with. Further, any type of transistor device configured to perform the intended function may be used. These and other changes or modifications are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention as set forth in the claims above.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating an input buffer configured for voltage detection according to the prior art. FIG. 2 shows a timing diagram of the operation of an input buffer configured for voltage detection according to the prior art. FIG. 3 illustrates an exemplary embodiment of an input buffer circuit configured for voltage detection according to the present invention. FIG. 4 shows a timing diagram of an input buffer configured for voltage detection, according to an illustrative embodiment of the invention. FIG. 5 illustrates an example input buffer configured to detect multiple conditions, according to an example embodiment of the invention. FIG. 6 illustrates an exemplary embodiment of a reference voltage generator according to the present invention. FIG. 7 shows a timing diagram of a simulation result of an exemplary input buffer configured for multiple state detection, according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention.
A device for detecting an intermediate level voltage range of operation of an integrated circuit comprising:
A reference generator configured to receive a supply voltage and generate two reference voltages, the two reference voltages representing a first reference voltage and a second reference voltage, wherein the second reference voltage A reference generator that is higher than the first reference voltage; and
A multi-state detector configured to receive an input voltage and the two reference voltages, the multi-state detector having two command pins, the multi-state detector comprising the input voltage And the first reference voltage and the second reference voltage, and when the input voltage is lower than the first reference voltage, providing a first output signal corresponding to the low input signal; When the input voltage has a voltage level between the first reference voltage and the second reference voltage, a second output signal corresponding to an intermediate level input signal is provided, the input voltage being the first reference voltage. A third output signal corresponding to a high input signal when the reference voltage is greater than 2, the first output signal, the second output signal, and the third output signal are at least eight to provide different logic output state, the multi-stay Comprising a plurality of different signals provided simultaneously by the detector, and a multi-state detector, the device.
The reference generator is configured to generate an additional reference voltage other than the two reference voltages, and the multi-state detector is configured to generate an additional reference corresponding to the comparison between the input voltage and the additional reference voltage. The device of claim 1, wherein the device is configured to generate an output signal.
The multi-state detector includes at least two differential input buffers, the at least two differential input buffers including a first differential input pair and a second differential input pair, Each of the differential input pair and the second differential input pair is configured to share a differential input with at least one adjacent differential input pair, the first differential input pair comprising: And further configured to receive a signal corresponding to both the input voltage and the first reference voltage, the second differential input pair receiving both the input voltage and the second reference voltage. The device of claim 1 or claim 2, further configured to receive a corresponding signal.
The two differential input buffers are:
A first transistor having a gate coupled to the first reference voltage;
A second transistor having a gate coupled to the input voltage and a source coupled to a source of the first transistor;
A third transistor having a gate coupled to the second reference voltage and a source coupled to the source of the second transistor such that the two differential input buffers share a common node. The device of claim 3, comprising:
The device of claim 4, wherein the first transistor, the second transistor, and the third transistor comprise an n-channel transistor device.
The multi-state detector further includes two current mirror circuits coupled to the two differential input buffers to provide an output signal corresponding to a comparison of the input voltage and the two reference voltages. The device of claim 4.
The two current mirror circuits are:
A fourth transistor having a gate coupled to the drain of the second transistor and a drain coupled to the drain of the first transistor;
A fifth transistor having a gate coupled to the gate of the fourth transistor and a drain coupled to the drain of the second transistor;
The device of claim 6, comprising: a sixth transistor having a gate coupled to a drain of the second transistor and a drain coupled to a drain of the third transistor.
The multi-state detector is coupled to a first inverter coupled to a drain of the first transistor and a drain of the fourth transistor, and to a drain of the third transistor and a drain of the sixth transistor. 8. A pair of inverters, wherein the pair of inverters is configured to provide a low output signal and an output signal corresponding to the high output signal. Device described in.
The multi-state detector further includes a plurality of logic devices,
The plurality of logic devices are:
A third inverter having an input coupled to the output of the first inverter, the input corresponding to the low output signal;
A fourth inverter having an input coupled to the output of the second inverter, the fourth inverter having an output corresponding to the high output signal;
An exclusive OR gate having inputs coupled to the output of the third inverter and the output of the fourth inverter;
9. The device of claim 8, comprising: a fifth inverter having an input coupled to the output of the exclusive OR gate and an output corresponding to the intermediate level output signal.
The device according to claim 1, wherein the device includes an input buffer circuit.
The device of claim 10 or 16 , further comprising a processor operatively coupled to one or more memory circuits.
15. A device according to claim 11 or claim 14 , wherein the one or more memory circuits comprise at least one of DRAM, SRAM or SDRAM.
A method for detecting a plurality of voltage levels during operation of an integrated circuit comprising:
Receiving an input voltage and a first reference voltage at a first differential input buffer;
Receiving the input voltage and a second reference voltage at a second differential input buffer;
Providing a first output signal when the input voltage is at a voltage level lower than the first reference voltage and the second reference voltage, the first output signal being a low output A step corresponding to the signal;
Providing a second output signal corresponding to the voltage level when the input voltage is at a voltage level between the first reference voltage and the second reference voltage, the second output; The signal corresponds to an intermediate level output signal; and
Providing a third output signal when the input voltage is at a voltage level higher than the first reference voltage and the second reference voltage, the third output signal being a high output A step corresponding to the signal;
Without increasing the command pin required in the integrated circuit, the output signal of the low, the middle level of the output signal, and providing a state of being at least eight decoding operation corresponding to the output signal of the high seen including,
The method, wherein the first output signal, the second output signal, and the third output signal comprise a plurality of different signals provided simultaneously by a multi-state detector.
The method of claim 13 , wherein the integrated circuit includes one or more memory circuits.
A device for detecting multiple voltage levels in an integrated circuit comprising:
A first differential input buffer configured to receive a first reference voltage and an input voltage;
A second differential input buffer configured to receive a second reference voltage and the input voltage, the second differential input buffer comprising: the first differential input buffer; A second differential input buffer configured to share a common node;
A first current mirror circuit coupled to the first differential input buffer to provide an output signal corresponding to a comparison of the input voltage and the first reference voltage;
A second current mirror circuit coupled to the second differential input buffer to provide an output signal corresponding to a comparison between the input voltage and the second reference voltage, the first current mirror circuit comprising: The current mirror circuit and the second current mirror circuit include a second current mirror circuit sharing a second common node;
The device compares the input voltage to the first reference voltage and the second reference voltage, and the input voltage is a voltage level between the first reference voltage and the second reference voltage. And when the input voltage has a voltage level at least one of a voltage level lower than the first reference voltage and a voltage level higher than the second reference voltage, Two output signals, wherein the output signal and the second output signal are different and are provided simultaneously by the device, the output signal and the second output signal being a command in the integrated circuit A device that provides at least eight decoded states of operation without increasing pin requirements .
The device of claim 15 , wherein the device comprises a multi-level detector circuit.
JP2008081963A 2001-12-10 2008-03-26 Input buffer and method for voltage level detection Active JP5191260B2 (en)
US10/016,513 US6545510B1 (en) 2001-12-10 2001-12-10 Input buffer and method for voltage level detection
JP2003555220 Division 2002-12-06
JP2003555220A Active JP4414763B2 (en) 2001-12-10 2002-12-06 Input buffer and method for voltage level detection
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CN (1) CN100507582C (en)
AU (1) AU2002359642A1 (en)
DE (1) DE60206299T2 (en)
TW (1) TW580795B (en)
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Group of 10 (G-10)
note- also known as the Paris Club; includes the wealthiest members of the IMF who provide most of the money to be loaned and act as the informal steering committee; name persists despite increased membership
Established- October 1962
Aim- to coordinate credit policy
Members- (11) Belgium, Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, Netherlands, Sweden, Switzerland, UK, US
Observers- (4) BIS, EC, IMF, OECD
"Group of 10 (G-10)." World Factbook, Relief Central, relief.unboundmedicine.com/relief/view/The-World-Factbook-2014/563584/0/Group_of_10__G_10_. Accessed 15 January 2021.
Group of 10 (G-10). World Factbook. https://relief.unboundmedicine.com/relief/view/The-World-Factbook-2014/563584/0/Group_of_10__G_10_. Accessed January 15, 2021.
Group of 10 (G-10). In World Factbook Retrieved January 15, 2021, from https://relief.unboundmedicine.com/relief/view/The-World-Factbook-2014/563584/0/Group_of_10__G_10_
Group of 10 (G-10) [Internet]. In: World Factbook. [cited 2021 January 15]. Available from: https://relief.unboundmedicine.com/relief/view/The-World-Factbook-2014/563584/0/Group_of_10__G_10_.
TY - ELEC T1 - Group of 10 (G-10) ID - 563584 BT - The World Factbook 2014 UR - https://relief.unboundmedicine.com/relief/view/The-World-Factbook-2014/563584/0/Group_of_10__G_10_ DB - Relief Central DP - Unbound Medicine ER -
Immunocompromised Travelers
Risk of severe disease
Coronavirus COVID-19 Outbreak – What's New
Infectious Diseases Society of America Guidelines on the Treatment and Management of Patients with COVID-19
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Juree Awards
Viddsee Originals
Viddsee In The News
14 September 2020 / Indonesia
In New Content Partnership, Viddsee To Boost Vidio’s Short Film Offerings Through Dedicated Channel
JAKARTA, Aug 31 -- Viddsee today announced a content partnership with Vidio, the online streaming platform owned by Indonesia-based Surya Citra Media. Under this partnership, Viddsee will have a channel on Vidio featuring premium short films from Indonesia and Singapore that include dramas, comedies, sci-fi, animation, romance, and more.
The short films provided by Viddsee will be made available for free to all of its Indonesian users, with the initial slate of films comprising comedies, family dramas, sci-fi, animation, romance, and family dramas to be screened over the course of the first eight weeks.
Among the notable films included in the initial launch are ‘Dewi Goes Home’ by Candra Aditya, a drama that was screened at the Singapore International Film Festival 2017 and won Best Film at the Psychology Film Festival; ‘Made in Bali’ by Michael Pohorly, which won Winner Director's Guild of Canada Short Film of the Year, 2015; and ‘Rock N’ Roll’ by Wisnu Surya Pratama, which won Best Cinematography at the Ganesha Film Festival 2016.
The list of short films also includes several Viddsee Original productions including the romantic comedy ‘Oldies Buddies’ by Rein Maychaelson, who was named the Rising Filmmaker at Popcon Asia 2018. It also includes Viddsee’s anthology series Scene City, with films such as ‘Cash Only’ by Michael Tay, which was an official selection of festivals around the world, including FILMETS Badalona Film Festival and CineKasimanwa: Western Visayas Film Festival.
The films will also be promoted through Surya Citra Media’s other media platforms such as Liputan 6, which will spotlight featured short films, interviews, and feature stories to their readers.
Eva S. Kurnia, VP Content Vidio said: “This partnership with Viddsee allows us to diversify our content offerings to our subscriber base, who have shown a growing demand for short-form content, as well as local stories that are entertaining and relatable. It also presents us a way to show our support for independent Indonesian filmmakers, who are a vital community of the local filmmaking industry.”
Said Derek Tan of Viddsee: “Our partnership with Vidio marks a significant step for us and Indonesian filmmakers, whose films are now available to be watched by the over 50 million users on Vidio’s platform. We’re delighted to play a role in expanding Vidio’s offering of premium short films from local storytellers, and we hope they will continue to drive a further demand and appreciation for quality, local stories.”
About Viddsee
Viddsee is a leading video entertainment platform for short premium content. With over 1 billion views powered by data insights and a trusted community, we empower storytellers by enabling the creation of films and amplifying stories to targeted audiences.
About Vidio
Founded in 2014, Vidio is an OTT (Over The Top) service that provides the most comprehensive streaming service in Indonesia. Directly connected to 51 TV streaming and 22 radio streaming services, Vidio also provides thousands of local and international shows for Video-on-Demand services, pay TV network subscriptions, exclusive content such as TV series, feature films, dramas, documentaries and broadcasts of thousands of sports matches for all genres and ages. Vidio is committed to providing the widest and easiest access for users to enjoy their entertainment without distance or device restrictions, and can be accessed either through websites, mobile phones and home TV sets.
John Lim john@viddsee.com
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'Har', '50:50' Honoured at Juree Awards Indonesia 2020
Viddsee Announces Vidio As Content Media Partner for Viddsee Juree Awards Indonesia 2020
Viddsee announces finalists in fourth annual Juree Awards Indonesia 2020
Viddsee Launches Third Season of Scene City Anthology Of Short Films
SINGAPORE, August 28 - Viddsee today debuts its third season of Scene City, an anthology of short films that captures the drama of city life.
Viddsee’s StoriesTogether Helps Filmmakers And Audiences Across SEA Region Through Watch Parties, Supporting Charities, Funding Content Creation And More
SINGAPORE, 19 August -- It has been a tough year for many, and the filmmaking industry is just as hard-hit with thousands experiencing difficulty in finding work and opportunities to create new films.
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Parag Mallick
Associate Professor (Research) of Radiology (Cancer Early Detection-Canary Center)
Web page: http://mallicklab.stanford.edu
Associate Professor (Research), Radiology
Member, Stanford Cancer Institute
PostDoc, Institute for Systems Biology, Proteomics & Systems Biology Mentor: Ruedi Aebersold
Ph.D., University of California, Los Angeles, Chemistry & Biochemistry Mentor: David Eisenberg
B.S., Washington University in St. Louis, Computer Science & Biochemistry
paragm@stanford.edu
University - Faculty Department: Rad/Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection Position: Assoc Professor-Research
Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection
3155 Porter Drive
MC 5483, Room 2240
Administrative Contact Jamie Anderson Administrative Associate jamie5@stanford.edu
My Lab's Website
ProteoWizard
ImmunoGlobe
The Mallick lab focuses on translating multi-omic discovery into precision diagnostics. In particular we use tightly integrated computational and experimental, multi-omic approaches to discover the processes underlying how cells behave (or misbehave) and accordingly how cancers develop and grow. We hope that by exploring these processes, and by formalizing our knowledge in predictive mathematical models that we will be able to better identify biomarkers that can be used to detect cancers earlier and describe how they are likely to behave (e.g. aggressive vs indolent, drug sensitive vs responsive).
More specifically, we are working in three focus areas: Cancer Systems Biology, Multi-scale Biomarker Biology and Technology Development. Notably, many of the studies in our group are investigating fundamental physiological processes and thus are generally applicable to a range of cell-types and diseases.
Our group has also been leading the development of ProteoWizard, an open source set of libraries and tools to simplify the process of developing proteomics tools. They read and write the HUPO-PSI mzML standard and have been incorporated into the ISB's transproteomicpipeline!
For more information see http://mallicklab.stanford.edu
Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics: Opening the Black Box
BIOS 227 (Win)
Biomedical Informatics Teaching Methods
BIOMEDIN 290 (Win, Spr)
Directed Reading and Research
BIOMEDIN 299 (Aut, Win, Spr, Sum)
Directed Reading in Cancer Biology
CBIO 299 (Win, Spr)
Directed Reading in Immunology
IMMUNOL 299 (Win, Spr)
Directed Reading in Radiology
RAD 299 (Aut, Win, Spr, Sum)
Early Clinical Experience in Immunology
Early Clinical Experience in Radiology
CBIO 399 (Aut, Win, Spr, Sum)
IMMUNOL 399 (Win, Spr, Sum)
Readings in Radiology Research
Teaching in Cancer Biology
CBIO 260 (Spr)
Teaching in Immunology
David Glass, Geoffrey Ivison, Irene Li, Alice Yu
Hunter Boyce
Gautam Machiraju
Biomedical Informatics (Phd Program)
Cancer Biology (Phd Program)
Immunology (Phd Program)
ImmunoGlobe: enabling systems immunology with a manually curated intercellular immune interaction network. BMC bioinformatics Atallah, M. B., Tandon, V., Hiam, K. J., Boyce, H., Hori, M., Atallah, W., Spitzer, M. H., Engleman, E., Mallick, P. 2020; 21 (1): 346
BACKGROUND: While technological advances have made it possible to profile the immune system at high resolution, translating high-throughput data into knowledge of immune mechanisms has been challenged by the complexity of the interactions underlying immune processes. Tools to explore the immune network are critical for better understanding the multi-layered processes that underlie immune function and dysfunction, but require a standardized network map of immune interactions. To facilitate this we have developed ImmunoGlobe, a manually curated intercellular immune interaction network extracted from Janeway's Immunobiology textbook.RESULTS: ImmunoGlobe is the first graphical representation of the immune interactome, and is comprised of 253 immune system components and 1112 unique immune interactions with detailed functional and characteristic annotations. Analysis of this network shows that it recapitulates known features of the human immune system and can be used uncover novel multi-step immune pathways, examine species-specific differences in immune processes, and predict the response of immune cells to stimuli. ImmunoGlobe is publicly available through a user-friendly interface at www.immunoglobe.org and can be downloaded as a computable graph and network table.CONCLUSION: While the fields of proteomics and genomics have long benefited from network analysis tools, no such tool yet exists for immunology. ImmunoGlobe provides a ground truth immune interaction network upon which such tools can be built. These tools will allow us to predict the outcome of complex immune interactions, providing mechanistic insight that allows us to precisely modulate immune responses in health and disease.
Geostatistical visualization of ecological interactions in tumors. Proceedings. IEEE International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedicine Boyce, H. B., Mallick, P. 2019; 2019: 2741–49
Recent advances in our understanding of cancer progression have highlighted the roles played by molecular heterogeneity and by the tumor microenvironment in driving drug resistance and metastasis. The coupling of single-cell measurement technologies with algorithms, such as t-sne and SPADE, have enabled deep investigation of tumor heterogeneity. However, such techniques only capture molecular heterogeneity and do not enable the quantification nor visualization of intercellular interactions. They additionally do not allow the visualization of ecological niches that are critical to understanding tumor behavior. Novel computational tools to quantify and visualize spatial patterns in the tumor microenvironment are critically needed. Here, we take a tumor ecology perspective to examine how predation, mutualism, commensalism, and parasitism may impact tumor development and spatial patterning. We additionally quantify local spatial heterogeneity and the emergent global spatial behavior of the models using geostatistics. By visualizing emergent spatial patterns we demonstrate the potential utility of a geostatistical analysis in differentiating amongst cell-cell interactions in the tumor microenvironment. These studies introduce both an ecological framework for characterizing intercellular interactions in cancer and a novel way of quantifying and visualizing spatial patterns in cancer.
View details for DOI 10.1109/bibm47256.2019.8983076
A Temporal Examination of Platelet Counts as a Predictor of Prognosis in Lung, Prostate, and Colon Cancer Patients. Scientific reports Sylman, J. L., Boyce, H. B., Mitrugno, A., Tormoen, G. W., Thomas, I. C., Wagner, T. H., Lee, J. S., Leppert, J. T., McCarty, O. J., Mallick, P. 2018; 8 (1): 6564
Platelets, components of hemostasis, when present in excess (>400 K/μL, thrombocytosis) have also been associated with worse outcomes in lung, ovarian, breast, renal, and colorectal cancer patients. Associations between thrombocytosis and cancer outcomes have been made mostly from single-time-point studies, often at the time of diagnosis. Using laboratory data from the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA), we examined the potential benefits of using longitudinal platelet counts in improving patient prognosis predictions. Ten features (summary statistics and engineered features) were derived to describe the platelet counts of 10,000+ VA lung, prostate, and colon cancer patients and incorporated into an age-adjusted LASSO regression analysis to determine feature importance, and predict overall or relapse-free survival, which was compared to the previously used approach of monitoring for thrombocytosis near diagnosis (Postdiag AG400 model). Temporal features describing acute platelet count increases/decreases were found to be important in cancer survival and relapse-survival that helped stratify good and bad outcomes of cancer patient groups. Predictions of overall and relapse-free survival were improved by up to 30% compared to the Postdiag AG400 model. Our study indicates the association of temporally derived platelet count features with a patients' prognosis predictions.
Towards Continuous Scientific Data Analysis and Hypothesis Evolution Thirty-First AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence Gil, Y., Garijo, D., Ratnakar, V., Mayani, R., Adusumilli, R., Boyce, H., Srivastava, A., Mallick, P. 2017
Simulation of the Protein-Shedding Kinetics of a Fully Vascularized Tumor. Cancer informatics Frieboes, H. B., Curtis, L. T., Wu, M., Kani, K., Mallick, P. 2015; 14: 163-175
Circulating biomarkers are of significant interest for cancer detection and treatment personalization. However, the biophysical processes that determine how proteins are shed from cancer cells or their microenvironment, diffuse through tissue, enter blood vasculature, and persist in circulation remain poorly understood. Since approaches primarily focused on experimental evaluation are incapable of measuring the shedding and persistence for every possible marker candidate, we propose an interdisciplinary computational/experimental approach that includes computational modeling of tumor tissue heterogeneity. The model implements protein production, transport, and shedding based on tumor vascularization, cell proliferation, hypoxia, and necrosis, thus quantitatively relating the tumor and circulating proteomes. The results highlight the dynamics of shedding as a function of protein diffusivity and production. Linking the simulated tumor parameters to clinical tumor and vascularization measurements could potentially enable this approach to reveal the tumor-specific conditions based on the protein detected in circulation and thus help to more accurately manage cancer diagnosis and treatment.
View details for DOI 10.4137/CIN.S35374
A cross-platform toolkit for mass spectrometry and proteomics NATURE BIOTECHNOLOGY Chambers, M. C., MacLean, B., Burke, R., Amodei, D., Ruderman, D. L., Neumann, S., Gatto, L., Fischer, B., Pratt, B., Egertson, J., Hoff, K., Kessner, D., Tasman, N., Shulman, N., Frewen, B., Baker, T. A., Brusniak, M., Paulse, C., Creasy, D., Flashner, L., Kani, K., Moulding, C., Seymour, S. L., Nuwaysir, L. M., Lefebvre, B., Kuhlmann, F., Roark, J., Rainer, P., Detlev, S., Hemenway, T., Huhmer, A., Langridge, J., Connolly, B., Chadick, T., Holly, K., Eckels, J., Deutsch, E. W., Moritz, R. L., Katz, J. E., Agus, D. B., MacCoss, M., Tabb, D. L., Mallick, P. 2012; 30 (10): 918-920
View details for DOI 10.1038/nbt.2377
Physical, genomic, and proteomic characterization of a cancer cell line panel in an integrated dataset Nikolov, M., White, B., Pegoraro, A., Hope, D., Eljanne, M., Eddy, J., Janmey, P., Mallick, P., Dang, K. AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH. 2019
View details for DOI 10.1158/1538-7445.AM2019-2451
Loss of ER retention motif of AGR2 can impact mTORC signaling and promote cancer metastasis ONCOGENE Tiemann, K., Garri, C., Lee, S., Malihi, P. D., Park, M., Alvarez, R. M., Yap, L., Ma, P., Katz, J. E., Gross, M. E., Kani, K. 2019; 38 (16): 3003–18
Improving Precursor Selectivity in Data-Independent Acquisition Using Overlapping Windows. Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry Amodei, D., Egertson, J., MacLean, B. X., Johnson, R., Merrihew, G. E., Keller, A., Marsh, D., Vitek, O., Mallick, P., MacCoss, M. J. 2019
A major goal of proteomics research is the accurate and sensitive identification and quantification of a broad range of proteins within a sample. Data-independent acquisition (DIA) approaches that acquire MS/MS spectra independently of precursor information have been developed to overcome the reproducibility challenges of data-dependent acquisition and the limited breadth of targeted proteomics strategies. Typical DIA implementations use wide MS/MS isolation windows to acquire comprehensive fragment ion data. However, wide isolation windows produce highly chimeric spectra, limiting the achievable sensitivity and accuracy of quantification and identification. Here, we present a DIA strategy in which spectra are collected with overlapping (rather than adjacent or random) windows and then computationally demultiplexed. This approach improves precursor selectivity by nearly a factor of 2, without incurring any loss in mass range, mass resolution, chromatographic resolution, scan speed, or other key acquisition parameters. We demonstrate a 64% improvement in sensitivity and a 17% improvement in peptides detected in a 6-protein bovine mix spiked into a yeast background. To confirm the method's applicability to a realistic biological experiment, we also analyze the regulation of the proteasome in yeast grown in rapamycin and show that DIA experiments with overlapping windows can help elucidate its adaptation toward the degradation of oxidatively damaged proteins. Our integrated computational and experimental DIA strategy is compatible with any DIA-capable instrument. The computational demultiplexing algorithm required to analyze the data has been made available as part of the open-source proteomics software tools Skyline and msconvert (Proteowizard), making it easy to apply as part of standard proteomics workflows. Graphical Abstract ᅟ.
Semantic workflows for benchmark challenges: Enhancing comparability, reusability and reproducibility Srivastava, A., Adusumilli, R., Boyce, H., Garijo, D., Ratnakar, V., Mayani, R., Yu, T., Machiraju, R., Gil, Y., Mallick, P., Altman, R. B., Dunker, A. K., Hunter, L., Ritchie, M. D., Murray, T., Klein, T. E. WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD. 2019: 208–19
Benchmark challenges, such as the Critical Assessment of Structure Prediction (CASP) and Dialogue for Reverse Engineering Assessments and Methods (DREAM) have been instrumental in driving the development of bioinformatics methods. Typically, challenges are posted, and then competitors perform a prediction based upon blinded test data. Challengers then submit their answers to a central server where they are scored. Recent efforts to automate these challenges have been enabled by systems in which challengers submit Docker containers, a unit of software that packages up code and all of its dependencies, to be run on the cloud. Despite their incredible value for providing an unbiased test-bed for the bioinformatics community, there remain opportunities to further enhance the potential impact of benchmark challenges. Specifically, current approaches only evaluate end-to-end performance; it is nearly impossible to directly compare methodologies or parameters. Furthermore, the scientific community cannot easily reuse challengers' approaches, due to lack of specifics, ambiguity in tools and parameters as well as problems in sharing and maintenance. Lastly, the intuition behind why particular steps are used is not captured, as the proposed workflows are not explicitly defined, making it cumbersome to understand the flow and utilization of data. Here we introduce an approach to overcome these limitations based upon the WINGS semantic workflow system. Specifically, WINGS enables researchers to submit complete semantic workflows as challenge submissions. By submitting entries as workflows, it then becomes possible to compare not just the results and performance of a challenger, but also the methodology employed. This is particularly important when dozens of challenge entries may use nearly identical tools, but with only subtle changes in parameters (and radical differences in results). WINGS uses a component driven workflow design and offers intelligent parameter and data selection by reasoning about data characteristics. This proves to be especially critical in bioinformatics workflows where using default or incorrect parameter values is prone to drastically altering results. Different challenge entries may be readily compared through the use of abstract workflows, which also facilitate reuse. WINGS is housed on a cloud based setup, which stores data, dependencies and workflows for easy sharing and utility. It also has the ability to scale workflow executions using distributed computing through the Pegasus workflow execution system. We demonstrate the application of this architecture to the DREAM proteogenomic challenge.
Geostatistical visualization of ecological interactions in tumors Boyce, H., Mallick, P., Yoo, I. H., Bi, J. B., Hu IEEE. 2019: 2741–49
Loss of ER retention motif of AGR2 can impact mTORC signaling and promote cancer metastasis. Oncogene Tiemann, K., Garri, C., Lee, S. B., Malihi, P. D., Park, M., Alvarez, R. M., Yap, L. P., Mallick, P., Katz, J. E., Gross, M. E., Kani, K. 2018
Anterior gradient 2 (AGR2) is a member of the protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) family, which plays a role in the regulation of protein homeostasis and the unfolded protein response pathway (UPR). AGR2 has also been characterized as a proto-oncogene and a potential cancer biomarker. Cellular localization of AGR2 is emerging as a key component for understanding the role of AGR2 as a proto-oncogene. Here, we provide evidence that extracellular AGR2 (eAGR2) promotes tumor metastasis in various in vivo models. To further characterize the role of the intracellular-resident versus extracellular protein, we performed a comprehensive protein-protein interaction screen. Based on these results, we identify AGR2 as an interacting partner of the mTORC2 pathway. Importantly, our data indicates that eAGR2 promotes increased phosphorylation of RICTOR (T1135), while intracellular AGR2 (iAGR2) antagonizes its levels and phosphorylation. Localization of AGR2 also has opposing effects on the Hippo pathway, spheroid formation, and response to chemotherapy in vitro. Collectively, our results identify disparate phenotypes predicated on AGR2 localization. Our findings also provide credence for screening of eAGR2 to guide therapeutic decisions.
Proteogenomic Analysis of Surgically Resected Lung Adenocarcinoma JOURNAL OF THORACIC ONCOLOGY Sharpnack, M. F., Ranbaduge, N., Srivastava, A., Cerciello, F., Codreanu, S. G., Liebler, D. C., Mascaux, C., Miles, W. O., Morris, R., McDermott, J. E., Sharpnack, J. L., Amann, J., Maher, C. A., Machiraju, R., Wysocki, V. H., Govindan, R., Mallick, P., Coombes, K. R., Huang, K., Carbone, D. P. 2018; 13 (10): 1519–29
Despite apparently complete surgical resection, approximately half of resected early-stage lung cancer patients relapse and die of their disease. Adjuvant chemotherapy reduces this risk by only 5% to 8%. Thus, there is a need for better identifying who benefits from adjuvant therapy, the drivers of relapse, and novel targets in this setting.RNA sequencing and liquid chromatography/liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry proteomics data were generated from 51 surgically resected non-small cell lung tumors with known recurrence status.We present a rationale and framework for the incorporation of high-content RNA and protein measurements into integrative biomarkers and show the potential of this approach for predicting risk of recurrence in a group of lung adenocarcinomas. In addition, we characterize the relationship between mRNA and protein measurements in lung adenocarcinoma and show that it is outcome specific.Our results suggest that mRNA and protein data possess independent biological and clinical importance, which can be leveraged to create higher-powered expression biomarkers.
A Bayesian Active Learning Experimental Design for Inferring Signaling Networks JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL BIOLOGY Ness, R. O., Sachs, K., Mallick, P., Vitek, O. 2018
Machine learning methods for learning network structure are applied to quantitative proteomics experiments and reverse-engineer intracellular signal transduction networks. They provide insight into the rewiring of signaling within the context of a disease or a phenotype. To learn the causal patterns of influence between proteins in the network, the methods require experiments that include targeted interventions that fix the activity of specific proteins. However, the interventions are costly and add experimental complexity. We describe an active learning strategy for selecting optimal interventions. Our approach takes as inputs pathway databases and historic data sets, expresses them in form of prior probability distributions on network structures, and selects interventions that maximize their expected contribution to structure learning. Evaluations on simulated and real data show that the strategy reduces the detection error of validated edges as compared with an unguided choice of interventions and avoids redundant interventions, thereby increasing the effectiveness of the experiment.
A blood biomarker for monitoring response to anti-EGFR therapy. Cancer biomarkers : section A of Disease markers Hughes, N. P., Xu, L., Nielsen, C. H., Chang, E., Hori, S. S., Natarajan, A., Lee, S., Kjar, A., Kani, K., Wang, S. X., Mallick, P., Gambhir, S. S. 2018
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: To monitor therapies targeted to epidermal growth factor receptors (EGFR) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), we investigated Peroxiredoxin 6 (PRDX6) as a biomarker of response to anti-EGFR agents.METHODS: We studied cells that are sensitive (H3255, HCC827) or resistant (H1975, H460) to gefitinib. PRDX6 was examined with either gefitinib or vehicle treatment using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. We created xenograft models from one sensitive (HCC827) and one resistant cell line (H1975) and monitored serum PRDX6 levels during treatment.RESULTS: PRDX6 levels in cell media from sensitive cell lines increased significantly after gefitinib treatment vs. vehicle, whereas there was no significant difference for resistant lines. PRDX6 accumulation over time correlated positively with gefitinib sensitivity. Serum PRDX6 levels in gefitinib-sensitive xenograft models increased markedly during the first 24 hours of treatment and then decreased dramatically during the following 48 hours. Differences in serum PRDX6 levels between vehicle and gefitinib-treated animals could not be explained by differences in tumor burden.CONCLUSIONS: Our results show that changes in serum PRDX6 during the course of gefitinib treatment of xenograft models provide insight into tumor response and such an approach offers several advantages over imaging-based strategies for monitoring response to anti-EGFR agents.
The Predictive Value of Inflammation-Related Peripheral Blood Measurements in Cancer Staging and Prognosis FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY Sylman, J. L., Mitrugno, A., Atallah, M., Tormoen, G. W., Shatzel, J. J., Yunga, S., Wagner, T. H., Leppert, J. T., Mallick, P., McCarty, O. T. 2018; 8: 78
In this review, we discuss the interaction between cancer and markers of inflammation (such as levels of inflammatory cells and proteins) in the circulation, and the potential benefits of routinely monitoring these markers in peripheral blood measurement assays. Next, we discuss the prognostic value and limitations of using inflammatory markers such as neutrophil-to-lymphocyte and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratios and C-reactive protein measurements. Furthermore, the review discusses the benefits of combining multiple types of measurements and longitudinal tracking to improve staging and prognosis prediction of patients with cancer, and the ability of novel in silico frameworks to leverage this high-dimensional data.
Imitating Pathologist Based Assessment With Interpretable and Context Based Neural Network Modeling of Histology Images. Biomedical informatics insights Srivastava, A., Kulkarni, C., Huang, K., Parwani, A., Mallick, P., Machiraju, R. 2018; 10: 1178222618807481
Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have gained steady popularity as a tool to perform automatic classification of whole slide histology images. While CNNs have proven to be powerful classifiers in this context, they fail to explain this classification, as the network engineered features used for modeling and classification are ONLY interpretable by the CNNs themselves. This work aims at enhancing a traditional neural network model to perform histology image modeling, patient classification, and interpretation of the distinctive features identified by the network within the histology whole slide images (WSIs). We synthesize a workflow which (a) intelligently samples the training data by automatically selecting only image areas that display visible disease-relevant tissue state and (b) isolates regions most pertinent to the trained CNN prediction and translates them to observable and qualitative features such as color, intensity, cell and tissue morphology and texture. We use the Cancer Genome Atlas's Breast Invasive Carcinoma (TCGA-BRCA) histology dataset to build a model predicting patient attributes (disease stage and node status) and the tumor proliferation challenge (TUPAC 2016) breast cancer histology image repository to help identify disease-relevant tissue state (mitotic activity). We find that our enhanced CNN based workflow both increased patient attribute predictive accuracy (~2% increase for disease stage and ~10% increase for node status) and experimentally proved that a data-driven CNN histology model predicting breast invasive carcinoma stages is highly sensitive to features such as color, cell size, and shape, granularity, and uniformity. This work summarizes the need for understanding the widely trusted models built using deep learning and adds a layer of biological context to a technique that functioned as a classification only approach till now.
Multi-lectin Affinity Chromatography and Quantitative Proteomic Analysis Reveal Differential Glycoform Levels between Prostate Cancer and Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia Sera. Scientific reports Totten, S. M., Adusumilli, R., Kullolli, M., Tanimoto, C., Brooks, J. D., Mallick, P., Pitteri, S. J. 2018; 8 (1): 6509
Currently prostate-specific antigen is used for prostate cancer (PCa) screening, however it lacks the necessary specificity for differentiating PCa from other diseases of the prostate such as benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), presenting a clinical need to distinguish these cases at the molecular level. Protein glycosylation plays an important role in a number of cellular processes involved in neoplastic progression and is aberrant in PCa. In this study, we systematically interrogate the alterations in the circulating levels of hundreds of serum proteins and their glycoforms in PCa and BPH samples using multi-lectin affinity chromatography and quantitative mass spectrometry-based proteomics. Specific lectins (AAL, PHA-L and PHA-E) were used to target and chromatographically separate core-fucosylated and highly-branched protein glycoforms for analysis, as differential expression of these glycan types have been previously associated with PCa. Global levels of CD5L, CFP, C8A, BST1, and C7 were significantly increased in the PCa samples. Notable glycoform-specific alterations between BPH and PCa were identified among proteins CD163, C4A, and ATRN in the PHA-L/E fraction and among C4BPB and AZGP1 glycoforms in the AAL fraction. Despite these modest differences, substantial similarities in glycoproteomic profiles were observed between PCa and BPH sera.
Building trans-omics evidence: using imaging and 'omics' to characterize cancer profiles. Pacific Symposium on Biocomputing. Pacific Symposium on Biocomputing Srivastava, A., Kulkarni, C., Mallick, P., Huang, K., Machiraju, R. 2018; 23: 377–87
Utilization of single modality data to build predictive models in cancer results in a rather narrow view of most patient profiles. Some clinical facet s relate strongly to histology image features, e.g. tumor stages, whereas others are associated with genomic and proteomic variations (e.g. cancer subtypes and disease aggression biomarkers). We hypothesize that there are coherent "trans-omics" features that characterize varied clinical cohorts across multiple sources of data leading to more descriptive and robust disease characterization. In this work, for l 05 breast cancer patients from the TCGA (The Cancer Genome Atlas), we consider four clinical attributes (AJCC Stage, Tumor Stage, ER-Status and PAM50 mRNA Subtypes), and build predictive models using three different modalities of data (histopathological images, transcriptomics and proteomics). Following which, we identify critical multi-level features that drive successful classification of patients for the various different cohorts. To build predictors for each data type, we employ widely used "best practice" techniques including CNN-based (convolutional neural network) classifiers for histopathological images and regression models for proteogenomic data. While, as expected, histology images outperformed molecular features while predicting cancer stages, and transcriptomics held superior discriminatory power for ER-Status and PAM50 subtypes, there exist a few cases where all data modalities exhibited comparable performance. Further, we also identified sets of key genes and proteins whose expression and abundance correlate across each clinical cohort including (i) tumor severity and progression (incl. GABARAP), (ii) ER-status (incl.ESRl) and (iii) disease subtypes (incl. FOXCl). Thus, we quantitatively assess the efficacy of different data types to predict critical breast cancer patient attributes and improve disease characterization.
Global Transcriptome Analysis of RNA Abundance Regulation by ADAR in Lung Adenocarcinoma. EBioMedicine Sharpnack, M. F., Chen, B., Aran, D., Kosti, I., Sharpnack, D. D., Carbone, D. P., Mallick, P., Huang, K. 2018; 27: 167–75
Despite tremendous advances in targeted therapies against lung adenocarcinoma, the majority of patients do not benefit from personalized treatments. A deeper understanding of potential therapeutic targets is crucial to increase the survival of patients. One promising target, ADAR, is amplified in 13% of lung adenocarcinomas and in-vitro studies have demonstrated the potential of its therapeutic inhibition to inhibit tumor growth. ADAR edits millions of adenosines to inosines within the transcriptome, and while previous studies of ADAR in cancer have solely focused on protein-coding edits, >99% of edits occur in non-protein coding regions. Here, we develop a pipeline to discover the regulatory potential of RNA editing sites across the entire transcriptome and apply it to lung adenocarcinoma tumors from The Cancer Genome Atlas. This method predicts that 1413 genes contain regulatory edits, predominantly in non-coding regions. Genes with the largest numbers of regulatory edits are enriched in both apoptotic and innate immune pathways, providing a link between these known functions of ADAR and its role in cancer. We further show that despite a positive association between ADAR RNA expression and apoptotic and immune pathways, ADAR copy number is negatively associated with apoptosis and several immune cell types' signatures.
How many human proteoforms are there? Nature chemical biology Aebersold, R., Agar, J. N., Amster, I. J., Baker, M. S., Bertozzi, C. R., Boja, E. S., Costello, C. E., Cravatt, B. F., Fenselau, C., Garcia, B. A., Ge, Y., Gunawardena, J., Hendrickson, R. C., Hergenrother, P. J., Huber, C. G., Ivanov, A. R., Jensen, O. N., Jewett, M. C., Kelleher, N. L., Kiessling, L. L., Krogan, N. J., Larsen, M. R., Loo, J. A., Ogorzalek Loo, R. R., Lundberg, E., MacCoss, M. J., Mallick, P., Mootha, V. K., Mrksich, M., Muir, T. W., Patrie, S. M., Pesavento, J. J., Pitteri, S. J., Rodriguez, H., Saghatelian, A., Sandoval, W., Schlüter, H., Sechi, S., Slavoff, S. A., Smith, L. M., Snyder, M. P., Thomas, P. M., Uhlén, M., Van Eyk, J. E., Vidal, M., Walt, D. R., White, F. M., Williams, E. R., Wohlschlager, T., Wysocki, V. H., Yates, N. A., Young, N. L., Zhang, B. 2018; 14 (3): 206–14
Despite decades of accumulated knowledge about proteins and their post-translational modifications (PTMs), numerous questions remain regarding their molecular composition and biological function. One of the most fundamental queries is the extent to which the combinations of DNA-, RNA- and PTM-level variations explode the complexity of the human proteome. Here, we outline what we know from current databases and measurement strategies including mass spectrometry-based proteomics. In doing so, we examine prevailing notions about the number of modifications displayed on human proteins and how they combine to generate the protein diversity underlying health and disease. We frame central issues regarding determination of protein-level variation and PTMs, including some paradoxes present in the field today. We use this framework to assess existing data and to ask the question, "How many distinct primary structures of proteins (proteoforms) are created from the 20,300 human genes?" We also explore prospects for improving measurements to better regularize protein-level biology and efficiently associate PTMs to function and phenotype.
Longitudinal Multiplexed Measurement of Quantitative Proteomic Signatures in Mouse Lymphoma Models Using Magneto-Nanosensors. Theranostics Lee, J. R., Appelmann, I., Miething, C., Shultz, T. O., Ruderman, D., Kim, D., Mallick, P., Lowe, S. W., Wang, S. X. 2018; 8 (5): 1389–98
Cancer proteomics is the manifestation of relevant biological processes in cancer development. Thus, it reflects the activities of tumor cells, host-tumor interactions, and systemic responses to cancer therapy. To understand the causal effects of tumorigenesis or therapeutic intervention, longitudinal studies are greatly needed. However, most of the conventional mouse experiments are unlikely to accommodate frequent collection of serum samples with a large enough volume for multiple protein assays towards single-object analysis. Here, we present a technique based on magneto-nanosensors to longitudinally monitor the protein profiles in individual mice of lymphoma models using a small volume of a sample for multiplex assays.Methods:Drug-sensitive and -resistant cancer cell lines were used to develop the mouse models that render different outcomes upon the drug treatment. Two groups of mice were inoculated with each cell line, and treated with either cyclophosphamide or vehicle solution. Serum samples taken longitudinally from each mouse in the groups were measured with 6-plex magneto-nanosensor cytokine assays. To find the origin of IL-6, experiments were performed using IL-6 knock-out mice.Results:The differences in serum IL-6 and GCSF levels between the drug-treated and untreated groups were revealed by the magneto-nanosensor measurement on individual mice. Using the multiplex assays and mouse models, we found that IL-6 is secreted by the host in the presence of tumor cells upon the drug treatment.Conclusion:The multiplex magneto-nanosensor assays enable longitudinal proteomic studies on mouse tumor models to understand tumor development and therapy mechanisms more precisely within a single biological object.
JUN-Mediated downregulation of EGFR signaling is associated with resistance to gefitinib in EGFR-mutant NSCLC cell lines. Molecular cancer therapeutics Kani, K., Garri, C., Tiemann, K., Malihi, P. D., Punj, V., Nguyen, A. L., Lee, J., Hughes, L. D., Alvarez, R. M., Wood, D. M., Joo, A. Y., Katz, J. E., Agus, D. B., Mallick, P. 2017
Mutations or deletions in exons 18-21 in the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) are present in approximately 15% of tumors in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). They lead to activation of the EGFR kinase domain and sensitivity to molecularly targeted therapeutics aimed at this domain (gefitinib or erlotinib). These drugs have demonstrated objective clinical response in many of these patients; however, invariably, all patients acquire resistance. To examine the molecular origins of resistance, we derived a set of gefitinib resistant cells by exposing lung adenocarcinoma cell line, HCC827, with an activating mutation in the EGFR tyrosine kinase domain, to increasing gefitinib concentrations. Gefitinib resistant cells acquired an increased expression and activation of JUN, a known oncogene involved in cancer progression. Ectopic overexpression of JUN in HCC827 cells increased gefitinib IC50 from 49 nM to 8 μM (p < 0.001). Downregulation of JUN expression through shRNA re-sensitized HCC827 cells to gefitinib (IC50 from 49 nM to 2 nM (p <0.01)). Inhibitors targeting JUN were three-fold more effective in the gefitinib resistant cells than in the parental cell line (p < .01). Analysis of gene expression in patient tumors with EGFR activating mutations and poor response to erlotinib revealed a similar pattern as the top 260 differentially expressed genes in the gefitinib resistant cells (Spearman correlation coefficient of 0.78, p< 0.01). These findings suggest that increased JUN expression and activity may contribute to gefitinib resistance in NSCLC and that JUN pathway therapeutics merit investigation as an alternate treatment strategy.
View details for DOI 10.1158/1535-7163.MCT-16-0564
Improving Publication and Reproducibility of Computational Experiments through Workflow Abstractions. Workshop on Capturing Scientific Knowledge (SciKnow), held in conjunction with the ACM International Conference on Knowledge Capture (K-CAP) Gil, Y., Garijo, D., Knoblock, M., Deng, A., Adusumilli, R., Ratnakar, V., Mallick, P. 2017
Cellular localization of ER chaperones may predict cancer patient prognosis. Tiemann, K., Garri, C., Lee, S., Malihi, P. D., Park, M., Alvarez, R., Yap, L., Conti, P. S., Mallick, P., Katz, J. E., Agus, D., Gross, M. E., Kani, K. AMER SOC CELL BIOLOGY. 2017
A Bayesian Active Learning Experimental Design for Inferring Signaling Networks Ness, R., Sachs, K., Mallick, P., Vitek, O., Sahinalp, S. C. SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN. 2017: 134–56
View details for DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-56970-3_9
Assessing biological and technological variability in protein levels measured in pre-diagnostic plasma samples of women with breast cancer Biomarker Research Yeh, C. Y., Adusumilli, R., Kullolli, M., Mallick, P., John, E. M., Pitteri, S. J. 2017; 5: 30
Quantitative proteomics allows for the discovery and functional investigation of blood-based pre-diagnostic biomarkers for early cancer detection. However, a major limitation of proteomic investigations in biomarker studies remains the biological and technical variability in the analysis of complex clinical samples. Moreover, unlike 'omics analogues such as genomics and transcriptomics, proteomics has yet to achieve reproducibility and long-term stability on a unified technological platform. Few studies have thoroughly investigated protein variability in pre-diagnostic samples of cancer patients across multiple platforms.We obtained ten blood plasma "case" samples collected up to 2 years prior to breast cancer diagnosis. Each case sample was paired with a matched control plasma from a full biological sister without breast cancer. We measured protein levels using both mass-spectrometry and antibody-based technologies to: (1) assess the technical considerations in different protein assays when analyzing limited clinical samples, and (2) evaluate the statistical power of potential diagnostic analytes.Although we found inherent technical variation in the three assays used, we detected protein dependent biological signal from the limited samples. The three assay types yielded 32 proteins with statistically significantly (p < 1E-01) altered expression levels between cases and controls, with no proteins retaining statistical significance after false discovery correction.Technical, practical, and study design considerations are essential to maximize information obtained in limited pre-diagnostic samples of cancer patients. This study provides a framework that estimates biological effect sizes critical for consideration in designing studies for pre-diagnostic blood-based biomarker detection.
Longitudinal Monitoring of Antibody Responses against Tumor Cells Using Magneto-nanosensors with a Nanoliter of Blood. Nano letters Lee, J. R., Chan, C. T., Ruderman, D., Chuang, H. Y., Gaster, R. S., Atallah, M., Mallick, P., Lowe, S. W., Gambhir, S. S., Wang, S. X. 2017; 17 (11): 6644–52
Each immunoglobulin isotype has unique immune effector functions. The contribution of these functions in the elimination of pathogens and tumors can be determined by monitoring quantitative temporal changes in isotype levels. Here, we developed a novel technique using magneto-nanosensors based on the effect of giant magnetoresistance (GMR) for longitudinal monitoring of total and antigen-specific isotype levels with high precision, using as little as 1 nL of serum. Combining in vitro serologic measurements with in vivo imaging techniques, we investigated the role of the antibody response in the regression of firefly luciferase (FL)-labeled lymphoma cells in spleen, kidney, and lymph nodes in a syngeneic Burkitt's lymphoma mouse model. Regression status was determined by whole body bioluminescent imaging (BLI). The magneto-nanosensors revealed that anti-FL IgG2a and total IgG2a were elevated and sustained in regression mice compared to non-regression mice (p < 0.05). This platform shows promise for monitoring immunotherapy, vaccination, and autoimmunity.
Assessing biological and technological variability in protein levels measured in pre-diagnostic plasma samples of women with breast cancer. Biomarker research Yeh, C. Y., Adusumilli, R., Kullolli, M., Mallick, P., John, E. M., Pitteri, S. J. 2017; 5: 30
Platelet count as a predictor of metastasis and venous thromboembolism in patients with cancer. Convergent science physical oncology Sylman, J. L., Mitrugno, A., Tormoen, G. W., Wagner, T. H., Mallick, P., McCarty, O. J. 2017; 3 (2)
Platelets are anucleate cells in the blood at concentrations of 150,000 to 400,000 cells/µL and play a key role in hemostasis. Several studies have suggested that platelets contribute to cancer progression and cancer-associated thrombosis. In this review, we provide an overview of the biochemical and biophysical mechanisms by which platelets interact with cancer cells and review the evidence supporting a role for platelet-enhanced metastasis of cancer, and venous thromboembolism (VTE) in patients with cancer. We discuss the potential for and limitations of platelet counts to discriminate cancer disease burden and prognosis. Lastly, we consider more advanced diagnostic approaches to improve studies on the interaction between the hemostatic system and cancer cells.
A Bayesian Active Learning Experimental Design for Inferring Signaling Networks International Conference on Research in Computational Molecular Biology Ness, R., Sachs, K., Mallick, P., Vitek, O.
A Robust Protocol for Protein Extraction and Digestion. Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) Atallah, M., Flory, M. R., Mallick, P. 2017; 1550: 1-10
Proteins play a key role in all aspects of cellular homeostasis. Proteomics, the large-scale study of proteins, provides in-depth data on protein properties, including abundances and post-translational modification states, and as such provides a rich avenue for the investigation of biological and disease processes. While proteomic tools such as mass spectrometry have enabled exquisitely sensitive sample analysis, sample preparation remains a critical unstandardized variable that can have a significant impact on downstream data readouts. Consistency in sample preparation and handling is therefore paramount in the collection and analysis of proteomic data.Here we describe methods for performing protein extraction from cell culture or tissues, digesting the isolated protein into peptides via in-solution enzymatic digest, and peptide cleanup with final preparations for analysis via liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. These protocols have been optimized and standardized for maximum consistency and maintenance of sample integrity.
View details for DOI 10.1007/978-1-4939-6747-6_1
Data Conversion with ProteoWizard msConvert. Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) Adusumilli, R., Mallick, P. 2017; 1550: 339-368
Recent advances in proteome informatics have led to an explosion in tools to analyze mass spectrometry data. These tools operate across the analysis pipeline doing everything from assessing quality control to matching peptides to spectra to quantification. Unfortunately, the vast majority of these tools are not able to operate directly on the proprietary formats generated by the diverse mass spectrometers. Consequently, the first step in many protocols is the conversion of data from vendor-specific binary files to open-format files. This protocol details the use of ProteoWizard's msConvert and msConvertGUI software for this conversion, taking format features, coding options, and vendor particularities into account. We specifically describe the various options available when doing conversions and the implications of each option.
View details for DOI 10.1007/978-1-4939-6747-6_23
Dual transcript and protein quantification in a massive single cell array. Lab on a chip Park, S., Lee, J. Y., Hong, S., Lee, S. H., Dimov, I. K., Lee, H., Suh, S., Pan, Q., Li, K., Wu, A. M., Mumenthaler, S. M., Mallick, P., Lee, L. P. 2016; 16 (19): 3682-3688
Recently, single-cell molecular analysis has been leveraged to achieve unprecedented levels of biological investigation. However, a lack of simple, high-throughput single-cell methods has hindered in-depth population-wide studies with single-cell resolution. We report a microwell-based cytometric method for simultaneous measurements of gene and protein expression dynamics in thousands of single cells. We quantified the regulatory effects of transcriptional and translational inhibitors on cMET mRNA and cMET protein in cell populations. We studied the dynamic responses of individual cells to drug treatments, by measuring cMET overexpression levels in individual non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells with induced drug resistance. Across NSCLC cell lines with a given protein expression, distinct patterns of transcript-protein correlation emerged. We believe this platform is applicable for interrogating the dynamics of gene expression, protein expression, and translational kinetics at the single-cell level - a paradigm shift in life science and medicine toward discovering vital cell regulatory mechanisms.
View details for DOI 10.1039/c6lc00762g
Single cell dynamic phenotyping SCIENTIFIC REPORTS Patsch, K., Chiu, C., Engeln, M., Agus, D. B., Mallick, P., Mumenthaler, S. M., Ruderman, D. 2016; 6
Live cell imaging has improved our ability to measure phenotypic heterogeneity. However, bottlenecks in imaging and image processing often make it difficult to differentiate interesting biological behavior from technical artifact. Thus there is a need for new methods that improve data quality without sacrificing throughput. Here we present a 3-step workflow to improve dynamic phenotype measurements of heterogeneous cell populations. We provide guidelines for image acquisition, phenotype tracking, and data filtering to remove erroneous cell tracks using the novel Tracking Aberration Measure (TrAM). Our workflow is broadly applicable across imaging platforms and analysis software. By applying this workflow to cancer cell assays, we reduced aberrant cell track prevalence from 17% to 2%. The cost of this improvement was removing 15% of the well-tracked cells. This enabled detection of significant motility differences between cell lines. Similarly, we avoided detecting a false change in translocation kinetics by eliminating the true cause: varied proportions of unresponsive cells. Finally, by systematically seeking heterogeneous behaviors, we detected subpopulations that otherwise could have been missed, including early apoptotic events and pre-mitotic cells. We provide optimized protocols for specific applications and step-by-step guidelines for adapting them to a variety of biological systems.
View details for DOI 10.1038/srep34785
Protein biomarkers on tissue as imaged via MALDI mass spectrometry: A systematic approach to study the limits of detection PROTEOMICS van de Ven, S. M., Bemis, K. D., Lau, K., Adusumilli, R., Kota, U., Stolowitz, M., Vitek, O., Mallick, P., Gambhir, S. S. 2016; 16 (11-12): 1660-1669
MALDI mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) is emerging as a tool for protein and peptide imaging across tissue sections. Despite extensive study, there does not yet exist a baseline study evaluating the potential capabilities for this technique to detect diverse proteins in tissue sections. In this study, we developed a systematic approach for characterizing MALDI-MSI workflows in terms of limits of detection, coefficients of variation, spatial resolution, and the identification of endogenous tissue proteins. Our goal was to quantify these figures of merit for a number of different proteins and peptides, in order to gain more insight in the feasibility of protein biomarker discovery efforts using this technique. Control proteins and peptides were deposited in serial dilutions on thinly sectioned mouse xenograft tissue. Using our experimental setup, coefficients of variation were <30% on tissue sections and spatial resolution was 200 μm (or greater). Limits of detection for proteins and peptides on tissue were in the micromolar to millimolar range. Protein identification was only possible for proteins present in high abundance in the tissue. These results provide a baseline for the application of MALDI-MSI towards the discovery of new candidate biomarkers and a new benchmarking strategy that can be used for comparing diverse MALDI-MSI workflows.
View details for DOI 10.1002/pmic.201500515
Epigenetic changes mediated by polycomb repressive complex 2 and E2a are associated with drug resistance in a mouse model of lymphoma GENOME MEDICINE Flinders, C., Lam, L., Rubbi, L., Ferrari, R., Fitz-Gibbon, S., Chen, P., Thompson, M., Christofk, H., Agus, D. B., Ruderman, D., Mallick, P., Pellegrini, M. 2016; 8
The genetic origins of chemotherapy resistance are well established; however, the role of epigenetics in drug resistance is less well understood. To investigate mechanisms of drug resistance, we performed systematic genetic, epigenetic, and transcriptomic analyses of an alkylating agent-sensitive murine lymphoma cell line and a series of resistant lines derived by drug dose escalation.Dose escalation of the alkylating agent mafosfamide was used to create a series of increasingly drug-resistant mouse Burkitt's lymphoma cell lines. Whole genome sequencing, DNA microarrays, reduced representation bisulfite sequencing, and chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing were used to identify alterations in DNA sequence, mRNA expression, CpG methylation, and H3K27me3 occupancy, respectively, that were associated with increased resistance.Our data suggest that acquired resistance cannot be explained by genetic alterations. Based on integration of transcriptional profiles with transcription factor binding data, we hypothesize that resistance is driven by epigenetic plasticity. We observed that the resistant cells had H3K27me3 and DNA methylation profiles distinct from those of the parental lines. Moreover, we observed DNA methylation changes in the promoters of genes regulated by E2a and members of the polycomb repressor complex 2 (PRC2) and differentially expressed genes were enriched for targets of E2a. The integrative analysis considering H3K27me3 further supported a role for PRC2 in mediating resistance. By integrating our results with data from the Immunological Genome Project (Immgen.org), we showed that these transcriptional changes track the B-cell maturation axis.Our data suggest a novel mechanism of drug resistance in which E2a and PRC2 drive changes in the B-cell epigenome; these alterations attenuate alkylating agent treatment-induced apoptosis.
Probabilistic Segmentation of Mass Spectrometry (MS) Images Helps Select Important Ions and Characterize Confidence in the Resulting Segments MOLECULAR & CELLULAR PROTEOMICS Bemis, K. D., Harry, A., Eberlin, L. S., Ferreira, C. R., van de Ven, S. M., Mallick, P., Stolowitz, M., Vitek, O. 2016; 15 (5): 1761-1772
Mass spectrometry imaging is a powerful tool for investigating the spatial distribution of chemical compounds in a biological sample such as tissue. Two common goals of these experiments are unsupervised segmentation of images into newly discovered homogeneous segments, and supervised classification of images into pre-defined classes. In both cases, the important secondary goals are to characterize the uncertainty associated with the segmentation and with the classification, and to characterize the spectral features that define each segment or class. Recent analysis methods have focused on the spatial structure of the data to improve results. However, they either do not address these secondary goals, or do this with separate \textit{post hoc} procedures.} \rev{We introduce \textit{spatial shrunken centroids}, a statistical model-based framework for both supervised classification and unsupervised segmentation. It takes as input sets of previously detected, aligned, quantified and normalized spectral features, and expresses both spatial and multivariate nature of the data using probabilistic modeling. It selects informative subsets of spectral features that define each unsupervised segment or supervised class, and quantifies and visualizes the uncertainty in spatial segmentations and in tissue classification. In the unsupervised setting, it also guides the choice of an appropriate number of segments. We demonstrate the usefulness of this framework in a supervised human renal cell carcinoma experimental dataset, and several unsupervised experimental datasets, including a pig fetus cross-section, three rodent brains, and a controlled image with known ground truth. This framework is available for use within the open-source R package \textbf{Cardinal}, as part of a full pipeline for the processing, visualization, and statistical analysis of mass spectrometry imaging experiments.
View details for DOI 10.1074/mcp.O115.053918
Automated Hypothesis Testing with Large Scientific Data Repositories Annual Conference on Advance s in Cognitive Systems Gil, Y., Garijo, D., Ratnakar, V., Mayani, R., Adusumilli, R., Boyce, H., Mallick, P. 2016
AshwaMAX and Withaferin A inhibits gliomas in cellular and murine orthotopic models. Journal of neuro-oncology Chang, E., Pohling, C., Natarajan, A., Witney, T. H., Kaur, J., Xu, L., Gowrishankar, G., D'Souza, A. L., Murty, S., Schick, S., Chen, L., Wu, N., Khaw, P., Mischel, P., Abbasi, T., Usmani, S., Mallick, P., Gambhir, S. S. 2016; 126 (2): 253–64
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is an aggressive, malignant cancer Johnson and O'Neill (J Neurooncol 107: 359-364, 2012). An extract from the winter cherry plant (Withania somnifera ), AshwaMAX, is concentrated (4.3 %) for Withaferin A; a steroidal lactone that inhibits cancer cells Vanden Berghe et al. (Cancer Epidemiol Biomark Prev 23: 1985-1996, 2014). We hypothesized that AshwaMAX could treat GBM and that bioluminescence imaging (BLI) could track oral therapy in orthotopic murine models of glioblastoma. Human parietal-cortical glioblastoma cells (GBM2, GBM39) were isolated from primary tumors while U87-MG was obtained commercially. GBM2 was transduced with lentiviral vectors that express Green Fluorescent Protein (GFP)/firefly luciferase fusion proteins. Mutational, expression and proliferative status of GBMs were studied. Intracranial xenografts of glioblastomas were grown in the right frontal regions of female, nude mice (n = 3-5 per experiment). Tumor growth was followed through BLI. Neurosphere cultures (U87-MG, GBM2 and GBM39) were inhibited by AshwaMAX at IC50 of 1.4, 0.19 and 0.22 µM equivalent respectively and by Withaferin A with IC50 of 0.31, 0.28 and 0.25 µM respectively. Oral gavage, every other day, of AshwaMAX (40 mg/kg per day) significantly reduced bioluminescence signal (n = 3 mice, p < 0.02, four parameter non-linear regression analysis) in preclinical models. After 30 days of treatment, bioluminescent signal increased suggesting onset of resistance. BLI signal for control, vehicle-treated mice increased and then plateaued. Bioluminescent imaging revealed diffuse growth of GBM2 xenografts. With AshwaMAX, GBM neurospheres collapsed at nanomolar concentrations. Oral treatment studies on murine models confirmed that AshwaMAX is effective against orthotopic GBM. AshwaMAX is thus a promising candidate for future clinical translation in patients with GBM.
A high-content image-based method for quantitatively studying context-dependent cell population dynamics. Scientific reports Garvey, C. M., Spiller, E., Lindsay, D., Chiang, C., Choi, N. C., Agus, D. B., Mallick, P., Foo, J., Mumenthaler, S. M. 2016; 6: 29752-?
Tumor progression results from a complex interplay between cellular heterogeneity, treatment response, microenvironment and heterocellular interactions. Existing approaches to characterize this interplay suffer from an inability to distinguish between multiple cell types, often lack environmental context, and are unable to perform multiplex phenotypic profiling of cell populations. Here we present a high-throughput platform for characterizing, with single-cell resolution, the dynamic phenotypic responses (i.e. morphology changes, proliferation, apoptosis) of heterogeneous cell populations both during standard growth and in response to multiple, co-occurring selective pressures. The speed of this platform enables a thorough investigation of the impacts of diverse selective pressures including genetic alterations, therapeutic interventions, heterocellular components and microenvironmental factors. The platform has been applied to both 2D and 3D culture systems and readily distinguishes between (1) cytotoxic versus cytostatic cellular responses; and (2) changes in morphological features over time and in response to perturbation. These important features can directly influence tumor evolution and clinical outcome. Our image-based approach provides a deeper insight into the cellular dynamics and heterogeneity of tumors (or other complex systems), with reduced reagents and time, offering advantages over traditional biological assays.
AshwaMAX and Withaferin A inhibits gliomas in cellular and murine orthotopic models JOURNAL OF NEURO-ONCOLOGY Chang, E., Pohling, C., Natarajan, A., Witney, T. H., Kaur, J., Xu, L., Gowrishankar, G., D'Souza, A. L., Murty, S., Schick, S., Chen, L., Wu, N., Khaw, P., Mischel, P., Abbasi, T., Usmani, S., Mallick, P., Gambhir, S. S. 2016; 126 (2): 253-264
NEW HORIZONS IN INTACT PROTEIN ANALYSIS: OPTIMIZATION OF TOP-DOWN PROTEIN ANALYSIS CHEMICAL & ENGINEERING NEWS Sharma, S., Mallick, P., Stoyanova, T., Mullen, C., Weisbrod, C., Canterbury, J., Horn, D., Zabrouskov, V. 2015: 12-14
A fully human scFv phage display library for rapid antibody fragment reformatting PROTEIN ENGINEERING DESIGN & SELECTION Li, K., Zettlitz, K. A., Lipianskaya, J., Zhou, Y., Marks, J. D., Mallick, P., Reiter, R. E., Wu, A. M. 2015; 28 (10): 307-315
Phage display libraries of human single-chain variable fragments (scFvs) are a reliable source of fully human antibodies for scientific and clinical applications. Frequently, scFvs form the basis of larger, bivalent formats to increase valency and avidity. A small and versatile bivalent antibody fragment is the diabody, a cross-paired scFv dimer (∼55 kDa). However, generation of diabodies from selected scFvs requires decreasing the length of the interdomain scFv linker, typically by overlap PCR. To simplify this process, we designed two scFv linkers with integrated restriction sites for easy linker length reduction (17-residue to 7-residue or 18-residue to 5-residue, respectively) and generated two fully human scFv phage display libraries. The larger library (9 × 10(9) functional members) was employed for selection against a model antigen, human N-cadherin, yielding novel scFv clones with low nanomolar monovalent affinities. ScFv clones from both libraries were reformatted into diabodies by restriction enzyme digestion and re-ligation. Size-exclusion chromatography analysis confirmed the proper dimerization of most of the diabodies. In conclusion, these specially designed scFv phage display libraries allow us to rapidly reformat the selected scFvs into diabodies, which can greatly accelerate early stage antibody development when bivalent fragments are needed for candidate screening.
View details for DOI 10.1093/protein/gzv024
Cardinal: an R package for statistical analysis of mass spectrometry-based imaging experiments. Bioinformatics Bemis, K. D., Harry, A., Eberlin, L. S., Ferreira, C., van de Ven, S. M., Mallick, P., Stolowitz, M., Vitek, O. 2015; 31 (14): 2418-2420
Cardinal is an R package for statistical analysis of mass spectrometry-based imaging (MSI) experiments of biological samples such as tissues. Cardinal supports both Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization (MALDI) and Desorption Electrospray Ionization-based MSI workflows, and experiments with multiple tissues and complex designs. The main analytical functionalities include (1) image segmentation, which partitions a tissue into regions of homogeneous chemical composition, selects the number of segments and the subset of informative ions, and characterizes the associated uncertainty and (2) image classification, which assigns locations on the tissue to pre-defined classes, selects the subset of informative ions, and estimates the resulting classification error by (cross-) validation. The statistical methods are based on mixture modeling and regularization.o.vitek@neu.eduThe code, the documentation, and examples are available open-source at www.cardinalmsi.org under the Artistic-2.0 license. The package is available at www.bioconductor.org.
View details for DOI 10.1093/bioinformatics/btv146
Cardinal: an R package for statistical analysis of mass spectrometry-based imaging experiments BIOINFORMATICS Bemis, K. D., Harry, A., Eberlin, L. S., Ferreira, C., van de Ven, S. M., Mallick, P., Stolowitz, M., Vitek, O. 2015; 31 (14): 2418-2420
Predictive Modeling of Drug Response in Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma PLOS ONE Frieboes, H. B., Smith, B. R., Wang, Z., Kotsuma, M., Ito, K., Day, A., Cahill, B., Flinders, C., Mumenthaler, S. M., Mallick, P., Simbawa, E., Al-Fhaid, A. S., Mahmoud, S. R., Gambhir, S. S., Cristini, V. 2015; 10 (6)
We combine mathematical modeling with experiments in living mice to quantify the relative roles of intrinsic cellular vs. tissue-scale physiological contributors to chemotherapy drug resistance, which are difficult to understand solely through experimentation. Experiments in cell culture and in mice with drug-sensitive (Eµ-myc/Arf-/-) and drug-resistant (Eµ-myc/p53-/-) lymphoma cell lines were conducted to calibrate and validate a mechanistic mathematical model. Inputs to inform the model include tumor drug transport characteristics, such as blood volume fraction, average geometric mean blood vessel radius, drug diffusion penetration distance, and drug response in cell culture. Model results show that the drug response in mice, represented by the fraction of dead tumor volume, can be reliably predicted from these inputs. Hence, a proof-of-principle for predictive quantification of lymphoma drug therapy was established based on both cellular and tissue-scale physiological contributions. We further demonstrate that, if the in vitro cytotoxic response of a specific cancer cell line under chemotherapy is known, the model is then able to predict the treatment efficacy in vivo. Lastly, tissue blood volume fraction was determined to be the most sensitive model parameter and a primary contributor to drug resistance.
Neuronal Activity Promotes Glioma Growth through Neuroligin-3 Secretion CELL Venkatesh, H. S., Johung, T. B., Caretti, V., Noll, A., Tang, Y., Nagaraja, S., Gibson, E. M., Mount, C. W., Polepalli, J., Mitra, S. S., Woo, P. J., Malenka, R. C., Vogel, H., Bredel, M., Mallick, P., Monje, M. 2015; 161 (4): 803-816
Active neurons exert a mitogenic effect on normal neural precursor and oligodendroglial precursor cells, the putative cellular origins of high-grade glioma (HGG). By using optogenetic control of cortical neuronal activity in a patient-derived pediatric glioblastoma xenograft model, we demonstrate that active neurons similarly promote HGG proliferation and growth in vivo. Conditioned medium from optogenetically stimulated cortical slices promoted proliferation of pediatric and adult patient-derived HGG cultures, indicating secretion of activity-regulated mitogen(s). The synaptic protein neuroligin-3 (NLGN3) was identified as the leading candidate mitogen, and soluble NLGN3 was sufficient and necessary to promote robust HGG cell proliferation. NLGN3 induced PI3K-mTOR pathway activity and feedforward expression of NLGN3 in glioma cells. NLGN3 expression levels in human HGG negatively correlated with patient overall survival. These findings indicate the important role of active neurons in the brain tumor microenvironment and identify secreted NLGN3 as an unexpected mechanism promoting neuronal activity-regulated cancer growth.
Building high-quality assay libraries for targeted analysis of SWATH MS data. Nature protocols Schubert, O. T., Gillet, L. C., Collins, B. C., Navarro, P., Rosenberger, G., Wolski, W. E., Lam, H., Amodei, D., Mallick, P., MacLean, B., Aebersold, R. 2015; 10 (3): 426-441
Targeted proteomics by selected/multiple reaction monitoring (S/MRM) or, on a larger scale, by SWATH (sequential window acquisition of all theoretical spectra) MS (mass spectrometry) typically relies on spectral reference libraries for peptide identification. Quality and coverage of these libraries are therefore of crucial importance for the performance of the methods. Here we present a detailed protocol that has been successfully used to build high-quality, extensive reference libraries supporting targeted proteomics by SWATH MS. We describe each step of the process, including data acquisition by discovery proteomics, assertion of peptide-spectrum matches (PSMs), generation of consensus spectra and compilation of MS coordinates that uniquely define each targeted peptide. Crucial steps such as false discovery rate (FDR) control, retention time normalization and handling of post-translationally modified peptides are detailed. Finally, we show how to use the library to extract SWATH data with the open-source software Skyline. The protocol takes 2-3 d to complete, depending on the extent of the library and the computational resources available.
View details for DOI 10.1038/nprot.2015.015
The Impact of Microenvironmental Heterogeneity on the Evolution of Drug Resistance in Cancer Cells. Cancer informatics Mumenthaler, S. M., Foo, J., Choi, N. C., Heise, N., Leder, K., Agus, D. B., Pao, W., Michor, F., Mallick, P. 2015; 14: 19-31
Therapeutic resistance arises as a result of evolutionary processes driven by dynamic feedback between a heterogeneous cell population and environmental selective pressures. Previous studies have suggested that mutations conferring resistance to epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells lower the fitness of resistant cells relative to drug-sensitive cells in a drug-free environment. Here, we hypothesize that the local tumor microenvironment could influence the magnitude and directionality of the selective effect, both in the presence and absence of a drug. Using a combined experimental and computational approach, we developed a mathematical model of preexisting drug resistance describing multiple cellular compartments, each representing a specific tumor environmental niche. This model was parameterized using a novel experimental dataset derived from the HCC827 erlotinib-sensitive and -resistant NSCLC cell lines. We found that, in contrast to in the drug-free environment, resistant cells may hold a fitness advantage compared to parental cells in microenvironments deficient in oxygen and nutrients. We then utilized the model to predict the impact of drug and nutrient gradients on tumor composition and recurrence times, demonstrating that these endpoints are strongly dependent on the microenvironment. Our interdisciplinary approach provides a model system to quantitatively investigate the impact of microenvironmental effects on the evolutionary dynamics of tumor cells.
Predictive Modeling of Drug Response in Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma. PloS one Frieboes, H. B., Smith, B. R., Wang, Z., Kotsuma, M., Ito, K., Day, A., Cahill, B., Flinders, C., Mumenthaler, S. M., Mallick, P., Simbawa, E., Al-Fhaid, A. S., Mahmoud, S. R., Gambhir, S. S., Cristini, V. 2015; 10 (6)
Anti-MET ImmunoPET for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Using Novel Fully Human Antibody Fragments MOLECULAR CANCER THERAPEUTICS Li, K., Tavare, R., Zettlitz, K. A., Mumenthaler, S. M., Mallick, P., Zhou, Y., Marks, J. D., Wu, A. M. 2014; 13 (11): 2607-2617
Anti-MET immunoPET for non-small cell lung cancer using novel fully human antibody fragments. Molecular cancer therapeutics Li, K., Tavaré, R., Zettlitz, K. A., Mumenthaler, S. M., Mallick, P., Zhou, Y., Marks, J. D., Wu, A. M. 2014; 13 (11): 2607-2617
MET, the receptor of hepatocyte growth factor, plays important roles in tumorigenesis and drug resistance in numerous cancers, including non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). As increasing numbers of MET inhibitors are being developed for clinical applications, antibody fragment-based immunopositron emission tomography (immunoPET) has the potential to rapidly quantify in vivo MET expression levels for drug response evaluation and patient stratification for these targeted therapies. Here, fully human single-chain variable fragments (scFvs) isolated from a phage display library were reformatted into bivalent cys-diabodies (scFv-cys dimers) with affinities to MET ranging from 0.7 to 5.1 nmol/L. The candidate with the highest affinity, H2, was radiolabeled with (89)Zr for immunoPET studies targeting NSCLC xenografts: low MET-expressing Hcc827 and the gefitinib-resistant Hcc827-GR6 with 4-fold MET overexpression. ImmunoPET at as early as 4 hours after injection produced high-contrast images, and ex vivo biodistribution analysis at 20 hours after injection showed about 2-fold difference in tracer uptake levels between the parental and resistant tumors (P < 0.01). Further immunoPET studies using a larger fragment, the H2 minibody (scFv-CH3 dimer), produced similar results at later time points. Two of the antibody clones (H2 and H5) showed in vitro growth inhibitory effects on MET-dependent gefitinib-resistant cell lines, whereas no effects were observed on resistant lines lacking MET activation. In conclusion, these fully human antibody fragments inhibit MET-dependent cancer cells and enable rapid immunoPET imaging to assess MET expression levels, showing potential for both therapeutic and diagnostic applications.
Employing ProteoWizard to Convert Raw Mass Spectrometry Data. Current protocols in bioinformatics / editoral board, Andreas D. Baxevanis ... [et al.] Holman, J. D., Tabb, D. L., Mallick, P. 2014; 46: 13 24 1-9
After raw data have been captured by mass spectrometers in biological LC-MS/MS experiments, they must be converted from vendor-specific binary files to open-format files for manipulation by most software. This protocol details the use of ProteoWizard software for this conversion, taking format features, coding options, and vendor particularities into account. This protocol will aid researchers in preparing their data for analysis by database search engines and other bioinformatics tools. Curr. Protoc. Bioinform. 46:13.24.1-13.24.9. © 2014 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
View details for DOI 10.1002/0471250953.bi1324s46
Characterizing deformability and surface friction of cancer cells. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America Byun, S., Son, S., Amodei, D., Cermak, N., Shaw, J., Kang, J. H., Hecht, V. C., Winslow, M. M., Jacks, T., Mallick, P., Manalis, S. R. 2013; 110 (19): 7580-7585
Metastasis requires the penetration of cancer cells through tight spaces, which is mediated by the physical properties of the cells as well as their interactions with the confined environment. Various microfluidic approaches have been devised to mimic traversal in vitro by measuring the time required for cells to pass through a constriction. Although a cell's passage time is expected to depend on its deformability, measurements from existing approaches are confounded by a cell's size and its frictional properties with the channel wall. Here, we introduce a device that enables the precise measurement of (i) the size of a single cell, given by its buoyant mass, (ii) the velocity of the cell entering a constricted microchannel (entry velocity), and (iii) the velocity of the cell as it transits through the constriction (transit velocity). Changing the deformability of the cell by perturbing its cytoskeleton primarily alters the entry velocity, whereas changing the surface friction by immobilizing positive charges on the constriction's walls primarily alters the transit velocity, indicating that these parameters can give insight into the factors affecting the passage of each cell. When accounting for cell buoyant mass, we find that cells possessing higher metastatic potential exhibit faster entry velocities than cells with lower metastatic potential. We additionally find that some cell types with higher metastatic potential exhibit greater than expected changes in transit velocities, suggesting that not only the increased deformability but reduced friction may be a factor in enabling invasive cancer cells to efficiently squeeze through tight spaces.
A physical sciences network characterization of non-tumorigenic and metastatic cells SCIENTIFIC REPORTS Agus, D. B., Alexander, J. F., Arap, W., Ashili, S., Aslan, J. E., Austin, R. H., Backman, V., Bethel, K. J., Bonneau, R., Chen, W., Chen-Tanyolac, C., Choi, N. C., Curley, S. A., Dallas, M., Damania, D., Davies, P. C., Decuzzi, P., Dickinson, L., Estevez-Salmeron, L., Estrella, V., Ferrari, M., Fischbach, C., Foo, J., Fraley, S. I., Frantz, C., Fuhrmann, A., Gascard, P., Gatenby, R. A., Geng, Y., Gerecht, S., Gillies, R. J., Godin, B., Grady, W. M., Greenfield, A., Hemphill, C., Hempstead, B. L., Hielscher, A., Hillis, W. D., Holland, E. C., Ibrahim-Hashim, A., Jacks, T., Johnson, R. H., Joo, A., Katz, J. E., Kelbauskas, L., Kesselman, C., King, M. R., Konstantopoulos, K., Kraning-Rush, C. M., Kuhn, P., Kung, K., Kwee, B., Lakins, J. N., Lambert, G., Liao, D., Licht, J. D., Liphardt, J. T., Liu, L., Lloyd, M. C., Lyubimova, A., Mallick, P., Marko, J., McCarty, O. J., Meldrum, D. R., Michor, F., Mumenthaler, S. M., Nandakumar, V., O'Halloran, T. V., Oh, S., Pasqualini, R., Paszek, M. J., Philips, K. G., Poultney, C. S., Rana, K., Reinhart-King, C. A., Ros, R., Semenza, G. L., Senechal, P., Shuler, M. L., Srinivasan, S., Staunton, J. R., Stypula, Y., Subramanian, H., Tlsty, T. D., Tormoen, G. W., Tseng, Y., van Oudenaarden, A., Verbridge, S. S., Wan, J. C., Weaver, V. M., Widom, J., Will, C., Wirtz, D., Wojtkowiak, J., Wu, P. 2013; 3
To investigate the transition from non-cancerous to metastatic from a physical sciences perspective, the Physical Sciences-Oncology Centers (PS-OC) Network performed molecular and biophysical comparative studies of the non-tumorigenic MCF-10A and metastatic MDA-MB-231 breast epithelial cell lines, commonly used as models of cancer metastasis. Experiments were performed in 20 laboratories from 12 PS-OCs. Each laboratory was supplied with identical aliquots and common reagents and culture protocols. Analyses of these measurements revealed dramatic differences in their mechanics, migration, adhesion, oxygen response, and proteomic profiles. Model-based multi-omics approaches identified key differences between these cells' regulatory networks involved in morphology and survival. These results provide a multifaceted description of cellular parameters of two widely used cell lines and demonstrate the value of the PS-OC Network approach for integration of diverse experimental observations to elucidate the phenotypes associated with cancer metastasis.
Anterior gradient 2 (AGR2): Blood-based biomarker elevated in metastatic prostate cancer associated with the neuroendocrine phenotype PROSTATE Kani, K., Malihi, P. D., Jiang, Y., Wang, H., Wang, Y., Ruderman, D. L., Agus, D. B., Mallick, P., Gross, M. E. 2013; 73 (3): 306-315
Anterior gradient 2 (AGR2) is associated with metastatic progression in prostate cancer cells as well as other normal and malignant tissues. We investigated AGR2 expression in patients with metastatic prostate cancer.Blood was collected from 44 patients with metastatic prostate cancer separated as: castration sensitive prostate cancer (CSPC, n = 5); castration resistant prostate cancer (CRPC, n = 36); and neuroendocrine-predominate CRPC defined by PSA ≤ 1 ng/ml in the presence of wide-spread metastatic disease (NE-CRPC, n = 3). AGR2 mRNA levels were measured with RT-PCR in circulating tumor cell (CTC)-enriched peripheral blood. Plasma AGR2 levels were determined via ELISA assay. AGR2 expression was modulated in prostate cancer cell lines using plasmid and viral vectors.AGR2 mRNA levels are elevated in CTCs and strongly correlated with CTC enumeration. Plasma AGR2 levels are elevated in all sub-groups. AGR2 levels vary independently to PSA and change in some patients in response to androgen-directed and other therapies. Plasma AGR2 levels are highest in the NE-CRPC sub-group. A correlation between AGR2, chromagranin A (CGA), and neuron-specific enolase (NSE) expression is demonstrated in prostate cancer cell lines.We conclude that AGR2 expression is elevated at the mRNA and protein level in patients with metastatic prostate cancer. In particular, we find that AGR2 expression is associated features consistent with neuroendocrine, or anaplastic, prostate cancer, exemplified by an aggressive clinical phenotype without elevation in circulating PSA levels. Further studies are warranted to explore the mechanistic and prognostic implications of AGR2 expression in this patient population.
View details for DOI 10.1002/pros.22569
Concurrent Transcript and Protein Quantification in a Massive Single Cell Array Enables Population-Wide Observation of Oncogene Escape 57th Annual Meeting of the Biophysical-Society Park, S., Lee, J. Y., Hong, S., Dimov, I. K., Li, K., Wu, A. M., Mumenthaler, S., Mallick, P., Lee, L. P. CELL PRESS. 2013: 686A–686A
Unexpected Dissemination Patterns in Lymphoma Progression Revealed by Serial Imaging within a Murine Lymph Node CANCER RESEARCH Ito, K., Smith, B. R., Parashurama, N., Yoon, J., Song, S. Y., Miething, C., Mallick, P., Lowe, S., Gambhir, S. S. 2012; 72 (23): 6111-6118
Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) is a heterogeneous and highly disseminated disease, but the mechanisms of its growth and dissemination are not well understood. Using a mouse model of this disease, we used multimodal imaging, including intravital microscopy (IVM) combined with bioluminescence, as a powerful tool to better elucidate NHL progression. We injected enhanced green fluorescent protein and luciferase-expressing Eμ-Myc/Arf(-/-) (Cdkn2a(-/-)) mouse lymphoma cells (EL-Arf(-/-)) into C57BL/6NCrl mice intravenously. Long-term observation inside a peripheral lymph node was enabled by a novel lymph node internal window chamber technique that allows chronic, sequential lymph node imaging under in vivo physiologic conditions. Interestingly, during early stages of tumor progression we found that few if any lymphoma cells homed initially to the inguinal lymph node (ILN), despite clear evidence of lymphoma cells in the bone marrow and spleen. Unexpectedly, we detected a reproducible efflux of lymphoma cells from spleen and bone marrow, concomitant with a massive and synchronous influx of lymphoma cells into the ILN, several days after injection. We confirmed a coordinated efflux/influx of tumor cells by injecting EL-Arf(-/-) lymphoma cells directly into the spleen and observing a burst of lymphoma cells, validating that the burst originated in organs remote from the lymph nodes. Our findings argue that in NHL an efflux of tumor cells from one disease site to another, distant site in which they become established occurs in discrete bursts.
View details for DOI 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-12-2579
Quantitative Proteomic Profiling Identifies Protein Correlates to EGFR Kinase Inhibition MOLECULAR CANCER THERAPEUTICS Kani, K., Faca, V. M., Hughes, L. D., Zhang, W., Fang, Q., Shahbaba, B., Luethy, R., Erde, J., Schmidt, J., Pitteri, S. J., Zhang, Q., Katz, J. E., Gross, M. E., Plevritis, S. K., McIntosh, M. W., Jain, A., Hanash, S., Agus, D. B., Mallick, P. 2012; 11 (5): 1071-1081
Clinical oncology is hampered by lack of tools to accurately assess a patient's response to pathway-targeted therapies. Serum and tumor cell surface proteins whose abundance, or change in abundance in response to therapy, differentiates patients responding to a therapy from patients not responding to a therapy could be usefully incorporated into tools for monitoring response. Here, we posit and then verify that proteomic discovery in in vitro tissue culture models can identify proteins with concordant in vivo behavior and further, can be a valuable approach for identifying tumor-derived serum proteins. In this study, we use stable isotope labeling of amino acids in culture (SILAC) with proteomic technologies to quantitatively analyze the gefitinib-related protein changes in a model system for sensitivity to EGF receptor (EGFR)-targeted tyrosine kinase inhibitors. We identified 3,707 intracellular proteins, 1,276 cell surface proteins, and 879 shed proteins. More than 75% of the proteins identified had quantitative information, and a subset consisting of 400 proteins showed a statistically significant change in abundance following gefitinib treatment. We validated the change in expression profile in vitro and screened our panel of response markers in an in vivo isogenic resistant model and showed that these were markers of gefitinib response and not simply markers of phospho-EGFR downregulation. In doing so, we also were able to identify which proteins might be useful as markers for monitoring response and which proteins might be useful as markers for a priori prediction of response.
Investigation of acquired resistance to EGFR-targeted therapies in lung cancer using cDNA microarrays. Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) Kani, K., Sordella, R., Mallick, P. 2012; 795: 233-253
Clinical tools to accurately describe, evaluate, and predict an individual's response to cancer therapy are a field-wide priority; in many advanced cancers, only 10-20% of individuals will have a clinical benefit from therapy, yet we treat the entire population. Furthermore, many therapies are initially effective, but lose effectiveness over time. Here we describe methods to derive in vitro models of resistance to EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors. We additionally describe approaches to characterize possible mechanisms of resistance by genomic and transcriptomic approaches.
View details for DOI 10.1007/978-1-61779-337-0_16
Cancer as a Multi-scale Complex Adaptive System Assessment Of Physical Sciences And Engineering Advances In Life Sciences And Oncology (Aphelion) In Europe Parag Mallick 2012: 4-21
Installation and use of LabKey Server for proteomics. Current protocols in bioinformatics / editoral board, Andreas D. Baxevanis ... [et al.] Eckels, J., Hussey, P., Nelson, E. K., Myers, T., Rauch, A., Bellew, M., Connolly, B., Law, W., Eng, J. K., Katz, J., McIntosh, M., Mallick, P., Igra, M. 2011; Chapter 13: Unit 13 5-?
LabKey Server (formerly CPAS, the Computational Proteomics Analysis System) provides a Web-based platform for mining data from liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) proteomic experiments. This open source platform supports systematic proteomic analyses and secure data management, integration, and sharing. LabKey Server incorporates several tools currently used in proteomic analysis, including the X! Tandem search engine, the ProteoWizard toolkit, and the PeptideProphet and ProteinProphet data mining tools. These tools and others are integrated into LabKey Server, which provides an extensible architecture for developing high-throughput biological applications. The LabKey Server analysis pipeline acts on data in standardized file formats, so that researchers may use LabKey Server with other search engines, including Mascot or SEQUEST, that follow a standardized format for reporting search engine results. Supported builds of LabKey Server are freely available at http://www.labkey.com/. Documentation and source code are available under the Apache License 2.0 at http://www.labkey.org.
Evolutionary Modeling of Combination Treatment Strategies To Overcome Resistance to Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer MOLECULAR PHARMACEUTICS Mumenthaler, S. M., Foo, J., Leder, K., Choi, N. C., Agus, D. B., Pao, W., Mallick, P., Michor, F. 2011; 8 (6): 2069-2079
Many initially successful anticancer therapies lose effectiveness over time, and eventually, cancer cells acquire resistance to the therapy. Acquired resistance remains a major obstacle to improving remission rates and achieving prolonged disease-free survival. Consequently, novel approaches to overcome or prevent resistance are of significant clinical importance. There has been considerable interest in treating non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with combinations of EGFR-targeted therapeutics (e.g., erlotinib) and cytotoxic therapeutics (e.g., paclitaxel); however, acquired resistance to erlotinib, driven by a variety of mechanisms, remains an obstacle to treatment success. In about 50% of cases, resistance is due to a T790M point mutation in EGFR, and T790M-containing cells ultimately dominate the tumor composition and lead to tumor regrowth. We employed a combined experimental and mathematical modeling-based approach to identify treatment strategies that impede the outgrowth of primary T790M-mediated resistance in NSCLC populations. Our mathematical model predicts the population dynamics of mixtures of sensitive and resistant cells, thereby describing how the tumor composition, initial fraction of resistant cells, and degree of selective pressure influence the time until progression of disease. Model development relied upon quantitative experimental measurements of cell proliferation and death using a novel microscopy approach. Using this approach, we systematically explored the space of combination treatment strategies and demonstrated that optimally timed sequential strategies yielded large improvements in survival outcome relative to monotherapies at the same concentrations. Our investigations revealed regions of the treatment space in which low-dose sequential combination strategies, after preclinical validation, may lead to a tumor reduction and improved survival outcome for patients with T790M-mediated resistance.
View details for DOI 10.1021/mp200270v
A High-Confidence Human Plasma Proteome Reference Set with Estimated Concentrations in PeptideAtlas MOLECULAR & CELLULAR PROTEOMICS Farrah, T., Deutsch, E. W., Omenn, G. S., Campbell, D. S., Sun, Z., Bletz, J. A., Mallick, P., Katz, J. E., Malmstroem, J., Ossola, R., Watts, J. D., Lin, B., Zhang, H., Moritz, R. L., Aebersold, R. 2011; 10 (9)
Human blood plasma can be obtained relatively noninvasively and contains proteins from most, if not all, tissues of the body. Therefore, an extensive, quantitative catalog of plasma proteins is an important starting point for the discovery of disease biomarkers. In 2005, we showed that different proteomics measurements using different sample preparation and analysis techniques identify significantly different sets of proteins, and that a comprehensive plasma proteome can be compiled only by combining data from many different experiments. Applying advanced computational methods developed for the analysis and integration of very large and diverse data sets generated by tandem MS measurements of tryptic peptides, we have now compiled a high-confidence human plasma proteome reference set with well over twice the identified proteins of previous high-confidence sets. It includes a hierarchy of protein identifications at different levels of redundancy following a clearly defined scheme, which we propose as a standard that can be applied to any proteomics data set to facilitate cross-proteome analyses. Further, to aid in development of blood-based diagnostics using techniques such as selected reaction monitoring, we provide a rough estimate of protein concentrations using spectral counting. We identified 20,433 distinct peptides, from which we inferred a highly nonredundant set of 1929 protein sequences at a false discovery rate of 1%. We have made this resource available via PeptideAtlas, a large, multiorganism, publicly accessible compendium of peptides identified in tandem MS experiments conducted by laboratories around the world.
View details for DOI 10.1074/mcp.M110.006353
Impact of Protein Stability, Cellular Localization, and Abundance on Proteomic Detection of Tumor-Derived Proteins in Plasma PLOS ONE Fang, Q., Kani, K., Faca, V. M., Zhang, W., Zhang, Q., Jain, A., Hanash, S., Agus, D. B., McIntosh, M. W., Mallick, P. 2011; 6 (7)
Tumor-derived, circulating proteins are potentially useful as biomarkers for detection of cancer, for monitoring of disease progression, regression and recurrence, and for assessment of therapeutic response. Here we interrogated how a protein's stability, cellular localization, and abundance affect its observability in blood by mass-spectrometry-based proteomics techniques. We performed proteomic profiling on tumors and plasma from two different xenograft mouse models. A statistical analysis of this data revealed protein properties indicative of the detection level in plasma. Though 20% of the proteins identified in plasma were tumor-derived, only 5% of the proteins observed in the tumor tissue were found in plasma. Both intracellular and extracellular tumor proteins were observed in plasma; however, after normalizing for tumor abundance, extracellular proteins were seven times more likely to be detected. Although proteins that were more abundant in the tumor were also more likely to be observed in plasma, the relationship was nonlinear: Doubling the spectral count increased detection rate by only 50%. Many secreted proteins, even those with relatively low spectral count, were observed in plasma, but few low abundance intracellular proteins were observed. Proteins predicted to be stable by dipeptide composition were significantly more likely to be identified in plasma than less stable proteins. The number of tryptic peptides in a protein was not significantly related to the chance of a protein being observed in plasma. Quantitative comparison of large versus small tumors revealed that the abundance of proteins in plasma as measured by spectral count was associated with the tumor size, but the relationship was not one-to-one; a 3-fold decrease in tumor size resulted in a 16-fold decrease in protein abundance in plasma. This study provides quantitative support for a tumor-derived marker prioritization strategy that favors secreted and stable proteins over all but the most abundant intracellular proteins.
Applying Multi-Agent Techniques to Cancer Modeling Proceedings of the Sixth Workshop on Multiagent Sequential Decision Making in Uncertain Domains Brown M, Bowring Epstein S, Maheswaran R, Mallick P, Tambe M. 2011
Interactively Mapping Data Sources into the Semantic Web Proceedings of The First International Symposium on Linked Science Knoblock C, Szekely P, Ambite JL, Gupta S, Aman Goel, Muslea M, Lerman K, Mallick P 2011; 783
Model-based discovery of circulating biomarkers. Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) Vogelsang, M. S., Kani, K., Katz, J. E., Mallick, P. 2011; 728: 87-107
Proteomic-based biomarker discovery approaches broadly attempt to identify proteins whose basal abundance, or change in abundance in response to a perturbation (e.g., a therapeutic intervention) is able to discriminate between populations of patients. Up until recently, the majority of approaches for discovering circulating biomarkers have focused on directly profiling serum or plasma to identify such proteins. However, the complexity and dynamic range of protein abundance in serum and plasma create a significant challenge for proteomics methods. To overcome these barriers, diverse approaches to simplify or to fractionate serum and plasma have been developed. For some diseases, such as those related to specific organs, there may be useful marker proteins that originate in the organ. Here, we describe an approach for marker discovery that focuses on the profiling of either primary tissue or cell culture models thereof.
View details for DOI 10.1007/978-1-61779-068-3_5
Peptide Identification from Mixture Tandem Mass Spectra MOLECULAR & CELLULAR PROTEOMICS Wang, J., Perez-Santiago, J., Katz, J. E., Mallick, P., Bandeira, N. 2010; 9 (7): 1476-1485
The success of high-throughput proteomics hinges on the ability of computational methods to identify peptides from tandem mass spectra (MS/MS). However, a common limitation of most peptide identification approaches is the nearly ubiquitous assumption that each MS/MS spectrum is generated from a single peptide. We propose a new computational approach for the identification of mixture spectra generated from more than one peptide. Capitalizing on the growing availability of large libraries of single-peptide spectra (spectral libraries), our quantitative approach is able to identify up to 98% of all mixture spectra from equally abundant peptides and automatically adjust to varying abundance ratios of up to 10:1. Furthermore, we show how theoretical bounds on spectral similarity avoid the need to compare each experimental spectrum against all possible combinations of candidate peptides (achieving speedups of over five orders of magnitude) and demonstrate that mixture-spectra can be identified in a matter of seconds against proteome-scale spectral libraries. Although our approach was developed for and is demonstrated on peptide spectra, we argue that the generality of the methods allows for their direct application to other types of spectral libraries and mixture spectra.
View details for DOI 10.1074/mcp.M000136-MCP201
Proteomics: a pragmatic perspective NATURE BIOTECHNOLOGY Mallick, P., Kuster, B. 2010; 28 (7): 695-709
The evolution of mass spectrometry-based proteomic technologies has advanced our understanding of the complex and dynamic nature of proteomes while concurrently revealing that no 'one-size-fits-all' proteomic strategy can be used to address all biological questions. Whereas some techniques, such as those for analyzing protein complexes, have matured and are broadly applied with great success, others, such as global quantitative protein expression profiling for biomarker discovery, are still confined to a few expert laboratories. In this Perspective, we attempt to distill the wide array of conceivable proteomic approaches into a compact canon of techniques suited to asking and answering specific types of biological questions. By discussing the relationship between the complexity of a biological sample and the difficulty of implementing the appropriate analysis approach, we contrast areas of proteomics broadly usable today with those that require significant technical and conceptual development. We hope to provide nonexperts with a guide for calibrating expectations of what can realistically be learned from a proteomics experiment and for gauging the planning and execution effort. We further provide a detailed supplement explaining the most common techniques in proteomics.
Mass spectrometry based proteomics in cancer research Modern Molecular Biology: Approaches for Unbiased Discovery in Cancer Research Abbani M, Mallick P, Vogelsang M 2010: 117-156
Recommendations from the 2008 International Summit on Proteomics Data Release and Sharing Policy: The Amsterdam Principles JOURNAL OF PROTEOME RESEARCH Rodriguez, H., Snyder, M., Uhlen, M., Andrews, P., Beavis, R., Borchers, C., Chalkley, R. J., Cho, S. Y., Cottingham, K., Dunn, M., Dylag, T., Edgar, R., Hare, P., Heck, A. J., Hirsch, R. F., Kennedy, K., Kolar, P., Kraus, H., Mallick, P., Nesvizhskii, A., Ping, P., Ponten, F., Yang, L., Yates, J. R., Stein, S. E., Hermjakob, H., Kinsinger, C. R., Apweiler, R. 2009; 8 (7): 3689-3692
Policies supporting the rapid and open sharing of genomic data have directly fueled the accelerated pace of discovery in large-scale genomics research. The proteomics community is starting to implement analogous policies and infrastructure for making large-scale proteomics data widely available on a precompetitive basis. On August 14, 2008, the National Cancer Institute (NCI) convened the "International Summit on Proteomics Data Release and Sharing Policy" in Amsterdam, The Netherlands, to identify and address potential roadblocks to rapid and open access to data. The six principles agreed upon by key stakeholders at the summit addressed issues surrounding (1) timing, (2) comprehensiveness, (3) format, (4) deposition to repositories, (5) quality metrics, and (6) responsibility for proteomics data release. This summit report explores various approaches to develop a framework of data release and sharing principles that will most effectively fulfill the needs of the funding agencies and the research community.
View details for DOI 10.1021/pr900023z
ProteoWizard: open source software for rapid proteomics tools development BIOINFORMATICS Kessner, D., Chambers, M., Burke, R., Agusand, D., Mallick, P. 2008; 24 (21): 2534-2536
The ProteoWizard software project provides a modular and extensible set of open-source, cross-platform tools and libraries. The tools perform proteomics data analyses; the libraries enable rapid tool creation by providing a robust, pluggable development framework that simplifies and unifies data file access, and performs standard proteomics and LCMS dataset computations. The library contains readers and writers of the mzML data format, which has been written using modern C++ techniques and design principles and supports a variety of platforms with native compilers. The software has been specifically released under the Apache v2 license to ensure it can be used in both academic and commercial projects. In addition to the library, we also introduce a rapidly growing set of companion tools whose implementation helps to illustrate the simplicity of developing applications on top of the ProteoWizard library.Cross-platform software that compiles using native compilers (i.e. GCC on Linux, MSVC on Windows and XCode on OSX) is available for download free of charge, at http://proteowizard.sourceforge.net. This website also provides code examples, and documentation. It is our hope the ProteoWizard project will become a standard platform for proteomics development; consequently, code use, contribution and further development are strongly encouraged.
View details for DOI 10.1093/bioinformatics/btn323
Halobacterium salinarum NRC-1 PeptideAtlas: Toward strategies for targeted proteomics and improved proteome coverage JOURNAL OF PROTEOME RESEARCH Van, P. T., Schmid, A. K., King, N. L., Kaur, A., Pan, M., Whitehead, K., Koide, T., Facciotti, M. T., Goo, Y. A., Deutsch, E. W., Reiss, D. J., Mallick, P., Baliga, N. S. 2008; 7 (9): 3755-3764
The relatively small numbers of proteins and fewer possible post-translational modifications in microbes provide a unique opportunity to comprehensively characterize their dynamic proteomes. We have constructed a PeptideAtlas (PA) covering 62.7% of the predicted proteome of the extremely halophilic archaeon Halobacterium salinarum NRC-1 by compiling approximately 636 000 tandem mass spectra from 497 mass spectrometry runs in 88 experiments. Analysis of the PA with respect to biophysical properties of constituent peptides, functional properties of parent proteins of detected peptides, and performance of different mass spectrometry approaches has highlighted plausible strategies for improving proteome coverage and selecting signature peptides for targeted proteomics. Notably, discovery of a significant correlation between absolute abundances of mRNAs and proteins has helped identify low abundance of proteins as the major limitation in peptide detection. Furthermore, we have discovered that iTRAQ labeling for quantitative proteomic analysis introduces a significant bias in peptide detection by mass spectrometry. Therefore, despite identifying at least one proteotypic peptide for almost all proteins in the PA, a context-dependent selection of proteotypic peptides appears to be the most effective approach for targeted proteomics.
View details for DOI 10.1021/pr800031f
Precursor-ion mass re-estimation improves peptide identification on hybrid instruments JOURNAL OF PROTEOME RESEARCH Luethy, R., Kessner, D. E., Katz, J. E., McLean, B., Grothe, R., Kani, K., Faca, V., Pitteri, S., Hanash, S., Agus, D. B., Mallick, P. 2008; 7 (9): 4031-4039
Mass spectrometry-based proteomics experiments have become an important tool for studying biological systems. Identifying the proteins in complex mixtures by assigning peptide fragmentation spectra to peptide sequences is an important step in the proteomics process. The 1-2 ppm mass-accuracy of hybrid instruments, like the LTQ-FT, has been cited as a key factor in their ability to identify a larger number of peptides with greater confidence than competing instruments. However, in replicate experiments of an 18-protein mixture, we note parent masses deviate 171 ppm, on average, for ion-trap data directed identifications and 8 ppm, on average, for preview Fourier transform (FT) data directed identifications. These deviations are neither caused by poor calibration nor by excessive ion-loading and are most likely due to errors in parent mass estimation. To improve these deviations, we introduce msPrefix, a program to re-estimate a peptide's parent mass from an associated high-accuracy full-scan survey spectrum. In 18-protein mixture experiments, msPrefix parent mass estimates deviate only 1 ppm, on average, from the identified peptides. In a cell lysate experiment searched with a tolerance of 50 ppm, 2295 peptides were confidently identified using native data and 4560 using msPrefixed data. Likewise, in a plasma experiment searched with a tolerance of 50 ppm, 326 peptides were identified using native data and 1216 using msPrefixed data. msPrefix is also able to determine which MS/MS spectra were possibly derived from multiple precursor ions. In complex mixture experiments, we demonstrate that more than 50% of triggered MS/MS may have had multiple precursor ions and note that spectra with multiple candidate ions are less likely to result in an identification using TANDEM. These results demonstrate integration of msPrefix into traditional shotgun proteomics workflows significantly improves identification results.
View details for DOI 10.1021/pr800307m
The standard protein mix database: A diverse data set to assist in the production of improved peptide and protein identification software tools JOURNAL OF PROTEOME RESEARCH Klimek, J., Eddes, J. S., Hohmann, L., Jackson, J., Peterson, A., Letarte, S., Gafken, P. R., Katz, J. E., Mallick, P., Lee, H., Schmidt, A., Ossola, R., Eng, J. K., Aebersold, R., Martin, D. B. 2008; 7 (1): 96-103
Tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) is frequently used in the identification of peptides and proteins. Typical proteomic experiments rely on algorithms such as SEQUEST and MASCOT to compare thousands of tandem mass spectra against the theoretical fragment ion spectra of peptides in a database. The probabilities that these spectrum-to-sequence assignments are correct can be determined by statistical software such as PeptideProphet or through estimations based on reverse or decoy databases. However, many of the software applications that assign probabilities for MS/MS spectra to sequence matches were developed using training data sets from 3D ion-trap mass spectrometers. Given the variety of types of mass spectrometers that have become commercially available over the last 5 years, we sought to generate a data set of reference data covering multiple instrumentation platforms to facilitate both the refinement of existing computational approaches and the development of novel software tools. We analyzed the proteolytic peptides in a mixture of tryptic digests of 18 proteins, named the "ISB standard protein mix", using 8 different mass spectrometers. These include linear and 3D ion traps, two quadrupole time-of-flight platforms (qq-TOF), and two MALDI-TOF-TOF platforms. The resulting data set, which has been named the Standard Protein Mix Database, consists of over 1.1 million spectra in 150+ replicate runs on the mass spectrometers. The data were inspected for quality of separation and searched using SEQUEST. All data, including the native raw instrument and mzXML formats and the PeptideProphet validated peptide assignments, are available at http://regis-web.systemsbiology.net/PublicDatasets/.
View details for DOI 10.1021/pr070244j
Computational prediction of proteotypic peptides for quantitative proteomics. Nature biotechnology Mallick, P., Schirle, M., Chen, S. S., Flory, M. R., Lee, H., Martin, D., Ranish, J., Raught, B., Schmitt, R., Werner, T., Kuster, B., Aebersold, R. 2007; 25 (1): 125-131
Mass spectrometry-based quantitative proteomics has become an important component of biological and clinical research. Although such analyses typically assume that a protein's peptide fragments are observed with equal likelihood, only a few so-called 'proteotypic' peptides are repeatedly and consistently identified for any given protein present in a mixture. Using >600,000 peptide identifications generated by four proteomic platforms, we empirically identified >16,000 proteotypic peptides for 4,030 distinct yeast proteins. Characteristic physicochemical properties of these peptides were used to develop a computational tool that can predict proteotypic peptides for any protein from any organism, for a given platform, with >85% cumulative accuracy. Possible applications of proteotypic peptides include validation of protein identifications, absolute quantification of proteins, annotation of coding sequences in genomes, and characterization of the physical principles governing key elements of mass spectrometric workflows (e.g., digestion, chromatography, ionization and fragmentation).
eComputational prediction of proteotypic peptides for quantitative proteomics NATURE BIOTECHNOLOGY Mallick, P., Schirle, M., Chen, S. S., Flory, M. R., Lee, H., Martin, D., Raught, B., Schmitt, R., Werner, T., Kuster, B., Aebersold, R. 2007; 25 (1): 125-131
View details for DOI 10.1038/nbt1275
Quantitative proteomic analysis of the budding yeast cell cycle using acid-cleavable isotope-coded affinity tag reagents PROTEOMICS Flory, M. R., Lee, H., Bonneau, R., Mallick, P., Serikawa, K., Morris, D. R., Aebersold, R. 2006; 6 (23): 6146-6157
Quantitative profiling of proteins, the direct effectors of nearly all biological functions, will undoubtedly complement technologies for the measurement of mRNA. Systematic proteomic measurement of the cell cycle is now possible by using stable isotopic labeling with isotope-coded affinity tag reagents and software tools for high-throughput analysis of LC-MS/MS data. We provide here the first such study achieving quantitative, global proteomic measurement of a time-course gene expression experiment in a model eukaryote, the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, during the cell cycle. We sampled 48% of all predicted ORFs, and provide the data, including identifications, quantitations, and statistical measures of certainty, to the community in a sortable matrix. We do not detect significant concordance in the dynamics of the system over the time-course tested between our proteomic measurements and microarray measures collected from similarly treated yeast cultures. Our proteomic dataset therefore provides a necessary and complementary measure of eukaryotic gene expression, establishes a rich database for the functional analysis of S. cerevisiae proteins, and will enable further development of technologies for global proteomic analysis of higher eukaryotes.
Protein cross-linking analysis using mass spectrometry, isotope-coded cross-linkers, and integrated computational data processing JOURNAL OF PROTEOME RESEARCH Seebacher, J., Mallick, P., Zhang, N., Eddes, J. S., Aebersold, R., Gelb, M. H. 2006; 5 (9): 2270-2282
Distance constraints in proteins and protein complexes provide invaluable information for calculation of 3D structures, identification of protein binding partners and localization of protein-protein contact sites. We have developed an integrative approach to identify and characterize such sites through the analysis of proteolytic products derived from proteins chemically cross-linked by isotopically coded cross-linkers using LC-MALDI tandem mass spectrometry and computer software. This method is specifically tailored toward the rapid analysis of low microgram amounts of proteins or multimeric protein complexes cross-linked with nonlabeled and deuterium-labeled bis-NHS ester cross-linking reagents (both commercially available and readily synthesized). Through labeling with [18O]water solvent and LC-MALDI analysis, the method further allows the possible distinction between Type 0 and Type 1 or Type 2 modified peptides (monolinks and looplinks or cross-links), although such a distinction is more readily made from analysis of tandem mass spectrometry data. When applied to the bacterial Colicin E7 DNAse/Im7 heterodimeric protein complex, 23 cross-links were identified including six intersubunit cross-links, all between residues that are close in space when examined in the context of the X-ray structure of the heterodimer. In addition, cross-links were successfully identified in five single subunit proteins, beta-lactoglobulin, cytochrome c, lysozyme, myoglobin, and ribonuclease A, establishing the generality of the approach.
Mutagenesis of putative serine-threonine phosphorylation sites proximal to Arg255 of human cytochrome P450c17 does not selectively promote its 17,20-lyase activity FERTILITY AND STERILITY Souter, I., Munir, I., Mallick, P., Weitsman, S. R., Geller, D. H., Magoffin, D. A. 2006; 85: 1290-1299
To investigate the role of serine-threonine phosphorylation on the activity of human P450c17.In vitro study.Academic basic research laboratory.None.P450c17 expression constructs with a FLAG-tag on either the C-terminus or N-terminus of the protein were generated. Human C-terminal FLAG-tagged P450c17 chromosomal DNA was subjected to site-directed mutagenesis. Serine 258 and threonine 260 each were mutated to alanine and aspartic acid. The mutant P450c17s were expressed in COS-7 cells, and the enzymatic activities were measured.17alpha-Hydroxylase and C(17-20) lyase activities of human P450c17.C-terminal FLAG-tagged P450c17 functioned indistinguishably from the wild-type P450c17. Mutants S258A, S258D, and T260D had significantly less 17alpha-hydroxylase and C(17-20) lyase activities than the wild type.Adding an epitope tag to the C-terminus of the P450c17 protein does not interfere with its activities and will be a useful tool to isolate human P450c17 protein from cultured cells. Phosphorylation of serine 258 but not threonine 260 may act as a physiologic regulator of both enzymatic activities through interaction with obligatory redox partners.
View details for DOI 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2005.12.011
Signal maps for mass spectrometry-based comparative proteomics MOLECULAR & CELLULAR PROTEOMICS Prakash, A., Mallick, P., Whiteaker, J., Zhang, H. D., Paulovich, A., Flory, M., LEE, H., Aebersold, R., Schwikowski, B. 2006; 5 (3): 423-432
Mass spectrometry-based proteomic experiments, in combination with liquid chromatography-based separation, can be used to compare complex biological samples across multiple conditions. These comparisons are usually performed on the level of protein lists generated from individual experiments. Unfortunately given the current technologies, these lists typically cover only a small fraction of the total protein content, making global comparisons extremely limited. Recently approaches have been suggested that are built on the comparison of computationally built feature lists instead of protein identifications. Although these approaches promise to capture a bigger spectrum of the proteins present in a complex mixture, their success is strongly dependent on the correctness of the identified features and the aligned retention times of these features across multiple experiments. In this experimental-computational study, we went one step further and performed the comparisons directly on the signal level. First signal maps were constructed that associate the experimental signals across multiple experiments. Then a feature detection algorithm used this integrated information to identify those features that are discriminating or common across multiple experiments. At the core of our approach is a score function that faithfully recognizes mass spectra from similar peptide mixtures and an algorithm that produces an optimal alignment (time warping) of the liquid chromatography experiments on the basis of raw MS signal, making minimal assumptions on the underlying data. We provide experimental evidence that suggests uniqueness and correctness of the resulting signal maps even on low accuracy mass spectrometers. These maps can be used for a variety of proteomic analyses. Here we illustrate the use of signal maps for the discovery of diagnostic biomarkers. An imple-mentation of our algorithm is available on our Web server.
Analysis of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae proteome with PeptideAtlas GENOME BIOLOGY King, N. L., Deutsch, E. W., Ranish, J. A., Nesvizhskii, A. I., Eddes, J. S., Mallick, P., Eng, J., Desiere, F., Flory, M., Martin, D. B., Kim, B., Lee, H., Raught, B., Aebersold, R. 2006; 7 (11)
We present the Saccharomyces cerevisiae PeptideAtlas composed from 47 diverse experiments and 4.9 million tandem mass spectra. The observed peptides align to 61% of Saccharomyces Genome Database (SGD) open reading frames (ORFs), 49% of the uncharacterized SGD ORFs, 54% of S. cerevisiae ORFs with a Gene Ontology annotation of 'molecular function unknown', and 76% of ORFs with Gene names. We highlight the use of this resource for data mining, construction of high quality lists for targeted proteomics, validation of proteins, and software development.
View details for DOI 10.1186/gb-2006-7-11-r106
The PeptideAtlas project NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH Desiere, F., Deutsch, E. W., King, N. L., Nesvizhskii, A. I., Mallick, P., Eng, J., Chen, S., Eddes, J., Loevenich, S. N., Aebersold, R. 2006; 34: D655-D658
The completion of the sequencing of the human genome and the concurrent, rapid development of high-throughput proteomic methods have resulted in an increasing need for automated approaches to archive proteomic data in a repository that enables the exchange of data among researchers and also accurate integration with genomic data. PeptideAtlas (http://www.peptideatlas.org/) addresses these needs by identifying peptides by tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS), statistically validating those identifications and then mapping identified sequences to the genomes of eukaryotic organisms. A meaningful comparison of data across different experiments generated by different groups using different types of instruments is enabled by the implementation of a uniform analytic process. This uniform statistical validation ensures a consistent and high-quality set of peptide and protein identifications. The raw data from many diverse proteomic experiments are made available in the associated PeptideAtlas repository in several formats. Here we present a summary of our process and details about the Human, Drosophila and Yeast PeptideAtlas builds.
View details for DOI 10.1093/nar/gkj040
A perspective on protein profiling of blood BJU INTERNATIONAL Katz, J. E., Mallick, P., Agus, D. B. 2005; 96 (4): 477-482
Scoring proteomes with proteotypic peptide probes NATURE REVIEWS MOLECULAR CELL BIOLOGY Kuster, B., Schirle, M., Mallick, P., Aebersold, R. 2005; 6 (7): 577-583
Technologies for genome-wide analyses typically undergo a transition from a discovery phase to a scoring phase. In the discovery phase, the genomic universe is explored and all pertinent data are noted. In the scoring phase, relevant entities are screened to reveal groups of genes that are associated with specific biological processes or conditions. In this article, we propose that the transition from a discovery to a scoring phase is also essential, feasible and imminent for proteomics.
View details for DOI 10.1038/nrm1683
High throughput quantitative analysis of serum proteins using glycopeptide capture and liquid chromatography mass spectrometry MOLECULAR & CELLULAR PROTEOMICS Zhang, H., Yi, E. C., Li, X. J., Mallick, P., Kelly-Spratt, K. S., Masselon, C. D., Camp, D. G., Smith, R. D., Kemp, C. J., Aebersold, R. 2005; 4 (2): 144-155
It is expected that the composition of the serum proteome can provide valuable information about the state of the human body in health and disease and that this information can be extracted via quantitative proteomic measurements. Suitable proteomic techniques need to be sensitive, reproducible, and robust to detect potential biomarkers below the level of highly expressed proteins, generate data sets that are comparable between experiments and laboratories, and have high throughput to support statistical studies. Here we report a method for high throughput quantitative analysis of serum proteins. It consists of the selective isolation of peptides that are N-linked glycosylated in the intact protein, the analysis of these now deglycosylated peptides by liquid chromatography electrospray ionization mass spectrometry, and the comparative analysis of the resulting patterns. By focusing selectively on a few formerly N-linked glycopeptides per serum protein, the complexity of the analyte sample is significantly reduced and the sensitivity and throughput of serum proteome analysis are increased compared with the analysis of total tryptic peptides from unfractionated samples. We provide data that document the performance of the method and show that sera from untreated normal mice and genetically identical mice with carcinogen-induced skin cancer can be unambiguously discriminated using unsupervised clustering of the resulting peptide patterns. We further identify, by tandem mass spectrometry, some of the peptides that were consistently elevated in cancer mice compared with their control littermates.
Finding protein domain boundaries: an automated, non-homology-based method IEEE Intelligent Systems Gurbaxani BM, Mallick P 2005; Nov-Dec (6): 26-33
Integration with the human genome of peptide sequences obtained by high-throughput mass spectrometry GENOME BIOLOGY Desiere, F., Deutsch, E. W., Nesvizhskii, A. I., Mallick, P., King, N. L., Eng, J. K., Aderem, A., Boyle, R., Brunner, E., Donohoe, S., Fausto, N., Hafen, E., Hood, L., Katze, M. G., Kennedy, K. A., Kregenow, F., Lee, H. K., Lin, B. Y., Martin, D., Ranish, J. A., Rawlings, D. J., Samelson, L. E., Shiio, Y., Watts, J. D., Wollscheid, B., Wright, M. E., Yan, W., Yang, L. H., Yi, E. C., Zhang, H., Aebersold, R. 2005; 6 (1)
A crucial aim upon the completion of the human genome is the verification and functional annotation of all predicted genes and their protein products. Here we describe the mapping of peptides derived from accurate interpretations of protein tandem mass spectrometry (MS) data to eukaryotic genomes and the generation of an expandable resource for integration of data from many diverse proteomics experiments. Furthermore, we demonstrate that peptide identifications obtained from high-throughput proteomics can be integrated on a large scale with the human genome. This resource could serve as an expandable repository for MS-derived proteome information.
PFIT and PFRIT: Bioinformatic algorithms for detecting glycosidase function from structure and sequence PROTEIN SCIENCE Kleiger, G., Panina, E. M., Mallick, P., Eisenberg, D. 2004; 13 (1): 221-229
The identification of the enzymes involved in the metabolism of simple and complex carbohydrates presents one bioinformatic challenge in the post-genomic era. Here, we present the PFIT and PFRIT algorithms for identifying those proteins adopting the alpha/beta barrel fold that function as glycosidases. These algorithms are based on the observation that proteins adopting the alpha/beta barrel fold share positions in their tertiary structures having equivalent sets of atomic interactions. These are conserved tertiary interaction positions, which have been implicated in both structure and function. Glycosidases adopting the alpha/beta barrel fold share more conserved tertiary interactions than alpha/beta barrel proteins having other functions. The enrichment pattern of conserved tertiary interactions in the glycosidases is the information that PFIT and PFRIT use to predict whether any given alpha/beta barrel will function as a glycosidase or not. Using as a test set a database of 19 glycosidase and 45 nonglycosidase alpha/beta barrel proteins with low sequence similarity, PFIT and PFRIT can correctly predict glycosidase function for 84% of the proteins known to function as glycosidases. PFIT and PFRIT incorrectly predict glycosidase function for 25% of the nonglycosidases. The program PSI-BLAST can also correctly identify 84% of the 19 glycosidases, however, it incorrectly predicts glycosidase function for 50% of the nonglycosidases (twofold greater than PFIT and PFRIT). Overall, we demonstrate that the structure-based PFIT and PFRIT algorithms are both more selective and sensitive for predicting glycosidase function than the sequence-based PSI-BLAST algorithm.
View details for DOI 10.1110/ps.03274104
Inference of protein function and protein linkages in Mycobacterium tuberculosis based on prokaryotic genome organization: a combined computational approach GENOME BIOLOGY Strong, M., Mallick, P., Pellegrini, M., Thompson, M. J., Eisenberg, D. 2003; 4 (9)
The genome of Mycobacterium tuberculosis was analyzed using recently developed computational approaches to infer protein function and protein linkages. We evaluated and employed a method to infer genes likely to belong to the same operon, as judged by the nucleotide distance between genes in the same genomic orientation, and combined this method with those of the Rosetta Stone, Phylogenetic Profile and conserved Gene Neighbor computational methods for the inference of protein function.
The directional atomic solvation energy: An atom-based potential for the assignment of protein sequences to known folds PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA Mallick, P., Weiss, R., Eisenberg, D. 2002; 99 (25): 16041-16046
The Directional Atomic Solvation EnergY (DASEY) is an atom-based description of the environment of an amino acid position within a known 3D protein structure. The DASEY has been developed to align and score a probe amino acid sequence to a library of template protein structures for fold assignment. DASEY is computed by summing the atomic solvation parameters of atoms falling within a tetrahedral sector, or petal, extending 16 A along each of the four bond axes of each alpha-carbon atom of the protein. The DASEY discriminates between pairs of structurally equivalent positions and random pairs in protein structures sharing a fold but belonging to different superfamilies, unlike some previous descriptors of protein environments, such as buried area. Furthermore, the DASEY values have characteristic patterns of residue replacement, an essential feature of a successful fold assignment method. Benchmarking fold assignment with DASEY achieves coverage of 56% of sequences with 90% accuracy when probe sequences are matched to protein structural templates belonging to the same fold but to a different superfamily, an improvement of greater than 200% over a previous method.
View details for DOI 10.1073/pnas.252626399
Genomic evidence that the intracellular proteins of archaeal microbes contain disulfide bonds PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA Mallick, P., Boutz, D. R., Eisenberg, D., Yeates, T. O. 2002; 99 (15): 9679-9684
Disulfide bonds have only rarely been found in intracellular proteins. That pattern is consistent with the chemically reducing environment inside the cells of well-studied organisms. However, recent experiments and new calculations based on genomic data of archaea provide striking contradictions to this pattern. Our results indicate that the intracellular proteins of certain hyperthermophilic archaea, especially the crenarchaea Pyrobaculum aerophilum and Aeropyrum pernix, are rich in disulfide bonds. This finding implicates disulfide bonding in stabilizing many thermostable proteins and points to novel chemical environments inside these microbes. These unexpected results illustrate the wealth of biochemical insights available from the growing reservoir of genomic data.
A modeled hydrophobic domain on the TCL1 oncoprotein mediates association with AKT at the cytoplasmic membrane BIOCHEMISTRY French, S. W., Shen, R. R., Koh, P. J., Malone, C. S., Mallick, P., Teitell, M. A. 2002; 41 (20): 6376-6382
AKT has a critical role in relaying cell survival and proliferation signals initiated by ligand binding to surface receptors in mammalian cells. Induction of AKT serine/threonine kinase activity is augmented by the T-cell leukemia-1 (TCL1) oncoprotein through a physical association requiring the AKT pleckstrin homology domain. Here, we used molecular modeling and identified an exposed hydrophobic patch composed of two discontinuous amino acid stretches near one end of the TCL1 beta-barrel that was required for a TCL1-AKT association. Site-directed mutations of this region did not affect TCL1 secondary structure, yet they disrupted interactions with AKT. This region was found in other members of the TCL1 oncoprotein family, such as TCL1b and MTCP1, and suggested a conserved, novel AKT binding domain. Interestingly, TCL1 and AKT co-localize in multiple cell compartments, but only extracts from the plasma membrane stimulate optimal complex formation in vitro. Identification of an AKT binding domain on TCL1 is an important step in deciphering the complex interactions that regulate AKT kinase activity in lymphocyte development and neoplasia within the immune system.
View details for DOI 10.1021/bi016068o
GXXXG and AXXXA: Common alpha-helical interaction motifs in proteins, particularly in extremophiles BIOCHEMISTRY Kleiger, G., Grothe, R., Mallick, P., Eisenberg, D. 2002; 41 (19): 5990-5997
The GXXXG motif is a frequently occurring sequence of residues that is known to favor helix-helix interactions in membrane proteins. Here we show that the GXXXG motif is also prevalent in soluble proteins whose structures have been determined. Some 152 proteins from a non-redundant PDB set contain at least one alpha-helix with the GXXXG motif, 41 +/- 9% more than expected if glycine residues were uniformly distributed in those alpha-helices. More than 50% of the GXXXG-containing alpha-helices participate in helix-helix interactions. In fact, 26 of those helix-helix interactions are structurally similar to the helix-helix interaction of the glycophorin A dimer, where two transmembrane helices associate to form a dimer stabilized by the GXXXG motif. As for the glycophorin A structure, we find backbone-to-backbone atomic contacts of the C alpha-H...O type in each of these 26 helix-helix interactions that display the stereochemical hallmarks of hydrogen bond formation. These glycophorin A-like helix-helix interactions are enriched in the general set of helix-helix interactions containing the GXXXG motif, suggesting that the inferred C alpha-H...O hydrogen bonds stabilize the helix-helix interactions. In addition to the GXXXG motif, some 808 proteins from the non-redundant PDB set contain at least one alpha-helix with the AXXXA motif (30 +/- 3% greater than expected). Both the GXXXG and AXXXA motifs occur frequently in predicted alpha-helices from 24 fully sequenced genomes. Occurrence of the AXXXA motif is enhanced to a greater extent in thermophiles than in mesophiles, suggesting that helical interaction based on the AXXXA motif may be a common mechanism of thermostability in protein structures. We conclude that the GXXXG sequence motif stabilizes helix-helix interactions in proteins, and that the AXXXA sequence motif also stabilizes the folded state of proteins.
View details for DOI 10.1021/bi0200763
Making sense of proteomics: Using bioinformatics to discover a protein's structure, functions and interactions. Proteins and Proteomics: A Laboratory Manual. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press: Parag Mallick, Edward Marcotte 2002: Chapter 11
The 1.7 angstrom crystal structure of BPI: A study of how two dissimilar amino acid sequences can adopt the same fold JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR BIOLOGY Kleiger, G., Beamer, L. J., Grothe, R., Mallick, P., Eisenberg, D. 2000; 299 (4): 1019-1034
We have extended the resolution of the crystal structure of human bactericidal/permeability-increasing protein (BPI) to 1.7 A. BPI has two domains with the same fold, but with little sequence similarity. To understand the similarity in structure of the two domains, we compare the corresponding residue positions in the two domains by the method of 3D-1D profiles. A 3D-1D profile is a string formed by assigning each position in the 3D structure to one of 18 environment classes. The environment classes are defined by the local secondary structure, the area of the residue which is buried from solvent, and the fraction of the area buried by polar atoms. A structural alignment between the two BPI domains was used to compare the 3D-1D environments of structurally equivalent positions. Greater than 31% of the aligned positions have conserved 3D-1D environments, but only 13% have conserved residue identities. Analysis of the 3D-1D environmentally conserved positions helps to identify pairs of residues likely to be important in conserving the fold, regardless of the residue similarity. We find examples of 3D-1D environmentally conserved positions with dissimilar residues which nevertheless play similar structural roles. To generalize our findings, we analyzed four other proteins with similar structures yet dissimilar sequences. Together, these examples show that aligned pairs of dissimilar residues often share similar structural roles, stabilizing dissimilar sequences in the same fold.
Selecting protein targets for structural genomics of Pyrobaculum aerophilum: Validating automated fold assignment methods by using binary hypothesis testing PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA Mallick, P., Goodwill, K. E., Fitz-Gibbon, S., Miller, J. H., Eisenberg, D. 2000; 97 (6): 2450-2455
Three-dimensional protein folds were assigned to all ORFs of the recently sequenced genome of the hyperthermophilic archaeon Pyrobaculum aerophilum. Binary hypothesis testing was used to estimate a confidence level for each assignment. A separate test was conducted to assign a probability for whether each sequence has a novel fold-i.e., one that is not yet represented in the experimental database of known structures. Of the 2,130 predicted nontransmembrane proteins in this organism, 916 matched a fold at a cumulative 90% confidence level, and 245 could be assigned at a 99% confidence level. Likewise, 286 proteins were predicted to have a previously unobserved fold with a 90% confidence level, and 14 at a 99% confidence level. These statistically based tools are combined with homology searches against the Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM) human genetics database and other protein databases for the selection of attractive targets for crystallographic or NMR structure determination. Results of these studies have been collated and placed at http://www.doe-mbi.ucla.edu/people/parag/P A_HOME/, the University of California, Los Angeles-Department of Energy Pyrobaculum aerophilum web site.
The accidental bioinformaticist JOURNAL OF CELLULAR BIOCHEMISTRY Mallick, P. 2000; 80 (2): 208-209
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Recovery Spotlight
This week, HCDD and builder Burghli Homes were delighted to help Ms. Mary Nash move into her home, which was newly rebuilt through the Harvey Homeowner Assistance Program. Ms. Nash’s home was leaking and at risk of flooding further, since it was low to the ground. During Hurricane Harvey, the problems became even more serious. The City of Houston…
Jim Edwards
During Hurricane Harvey, Jim Edwards had to be evacuated from his home in South Union. “The water came in through [the front] and sat and then [the floor] just went down,” he explained. Waters rose to near-waist level and caused enough damage that Mr. Edwards’ home had to be demolished. The Harvey Homeowner Assistance Program built him a brand-new house, which is open, bright, and most importantly, elevated to keep him safe from future flooding events.
Kathy Gabriel
On the day she moved in, Mrs. Gabriel and her family members stood on the elevated porch watching furniture arrive in the middle of another rainstorm. But instead of worrying about the rain, the family was focused on other things: like how to arrange her furniture and who will host Thanksgiving. It was a bright and warm morning despite the rain, thanks to family and friends filling her house with well-wishes.
You may have noticed a new design to our recovery website. In response to feedback from residents, we’ve been working throughout the summer to make the website more user-friendly. Some new features: Search bar so residents can easily look for the information they need Streamlined menu to emphasize programs that are currently underway Additional navigation…
Amber and Brian Reynolds
Mrs. Reynolds, an elementary school teacher, learned about the Build it Forward program from a friend living in Sugar Land. When they found that they could qualify to receive a reimbursement, they were shocked and grateful. “Everyone was so nice, open-armed, and helped us through the whole process, but it did take a while.” The reimbursement will allow the Reynolds to “catch up” from what they spent repairing the infrastructure of their home.
Working on a Story?
Contact Brittany Hyman, Public Information Officer, at Brittany.Hyman@houstontx.gov or 832-394-6178.
City of Houston Housing and Community Development Department (HCDD) is announcing changes to Round 2 of its Harvey Multifamily Program
The Harvey Recovery Small Rental Program Awards $20M to Nonprofit Housing Developers to Create Up to 14 Affordable Apartment Communities
5 Additional Properties Added to Round 2 of the City’s Harvey Multifamily Program, Creating Another 700 Rental Units for Houstonians
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Read PDF’s
Residents Blog
Dawn Tivnan
“We are now in lockdown”- Boris Johnson
Anxiety crept in, something I haven’t suffered from for over 15 years. Why was I so scared and I wanted to cry? Concern for my partner- he’s a postman and has slight underlying problems. Myself and probably most of the nation didn’t sleep too well that night.
I remember how eerie it was walking to work. There was no people and minimum traffic. All that was heard was the birds singing, but they sounded louder. Once I had reached the school where I work it seemed like a holiday break, no children, no cars filling the car park. We had been trained on even more PPE, new products to disinfect and social distancing a week before.
Dawn at work
Shops had put tape on the floor and queues formed outside the shops. People were panic buying and shelves were constantly empty. I remember queuing for the first time outside a store, watching the security guard using disinfectant wipes to clean trolley and basket handles. By the time it was my turn to go in my shopping list was almost unreadable because of unknowingly scrunching the list in my hand.
Jumping forward to today, I believe this all happened for a reason. It was the cruellest way for the earth to heal herself, maybe the only way. I hope and pray that whatever message we are meant to hear, that we all learn from this.
There is a poem on Facebook at the moment that really hit me. The last couple of lines read:
“You are not needed. Air Earth Water & Sky, without you, are fine.
When you come back remember:-
YOU are MY guests, NOT my master”
By Margaret Roper
Life changed on March 23rd when Boris Johnson announced the country was on Coronavirus lockdown.
Suddenly, I was officially old and confined to home. No online shopping available and not a toilet roll to be seen. I’d bake for all the family but I I couldn’t get flour.
These are strange times. I’ve had good days and bad days . I’ve kept busy sorted the garden out, dancing to Zumba online. The worst thing is not able to see my grandchildren, family and friends. It’s not quite the same as a big hug, but thank goodness for technology enabling us to keep in touch.
I enjoy the daily updates and pictures on Rose Hill News. Sadly, I lost a relative to this horrible disease, but thank God a valued member of our family survived.
What I enjoy most is sitting in the sunshine in the garden listening to bird song and reflecting on what is really important. I love the community feeling when we clap every Thursday for all the front line people who are keeping the country going. STAY AT HOME, PROTECT THE NHS, SAVE LIVES.
Summer Allotment Diary
By Simon Read
I want to talk about beans and growing them. Runner beans, French beans, Broad beans, Borlotto beans and many other types of bean can be seen on any allotments around the country this time of year.
Easy to grow and highly productive, their only drawback is that they need watering every day, which can be a bit of a pain if you work full time. So, I invested earlier this year in an automatic watering system, now up and running on my half-plot.
It’s not cheap, but it has freed up my time and it’s an investment which will last for years. My system consists of a water butt with a tap and its stand, from which a 13 mm pipe is laid down my plot passing close to my bean wigwams.
Attached to this pipe, using a specially-designed tool to make the holes for the connectors, are 4 mm dripper pipes which are then laid around the bean plants at ground level. These have carefully designed drip holes at fixed intervals which you can choose.
I have installed a timer, just below the tap, which enables me to set a wide range of combinations of frequency and duration for the watering times. Apart from the water butt, stand and tap which I already had, the cost for my starter system was £63 online, including £5 delivery.
My beans are thriving on regular watering and the system uses less water than traditional watering cans. With minor adaptations, this system also works when attached to a main tap, so you could water your prized garden plants whilst you enjoy a holiday in the summer.
Ready in only 30 minutes!
You will need the following ingredients for 25-30 melting moments:
5 ounces’ soft butter or 5 ounces’ soft margarine
3 ounces’ caster sugar
2 teaspoons vanilla essence or 1 teaspoon vanilla extract
5 ounces of self-raising flour
Desiccated coconuts or oats
Glace cherries
Heat oven to 180ºC, 350ºF, Gas Mark 4 and grease two baking trays.
Cream the butter or margarine with the sugar until very light and fluffy. Beat in the vanilla essence or extract.
Stir in the flour and mix well.
Roll walnut sized pieces of the mixture into balls and toss in rolled oats or desiccated coconut.
Cut each glace cherry into quarters, four quarters for each melting moment.
Place on baking trays, flatten slightly and place a small piece of cherry on each biscuit.
Bake for 10-15 minutes until golden brown but NOT dark brown.
Optional: You can use jam in place of cherries!
I would suggest that you leave your cooked biscuits to harden on the cookie tray ENJOY!
If you would like to send in your recipes to be featured, please email: aimee-rosehillnews@hotmail.com
Nature Notes #1- Bird Song
By Peter Wilkinson
By Aimee Winkfield
Now that Spring is here you may be aware of an increase in bird song, by our resident birds and by the influx of summer visitors now starting to arrive from overseas. Why do birds sing and why do they sing more at this time the of year? It would be good to think they do it out of sheer joy of the arrival of Spring but it has more down to earth reasons.
With a few exceptions, it is only male birds that sing, although both sexes will make a series of calls. Song and calls can be differentiated by the length and complexity of the sound. Types of alarm call are alarm calls, for instance when a predator is near such as the local cat, or contact calls to keep in touch with family members or a group. Singing is used to attract a mate and to defend a territory as part of the breeding activity. Breeding activity takes place (usually, pigeons and doves for instance will breed most of the year) in the Spring hence the peak of singing at this time, the dawn chorus reaching its peak in early May. Once the breeding season is over most birds have no reason to sing. One exception is the robin as it will fiercely defend its territory all year round.
A male bird will sometimes sing from a favourite song post, a tree top for instance. Singing will often be accompanied by some display activity. Skylarks will sing as they ascend high into the sky followed by a parachuting descent. This is showing off to females!
Some birds are happy to live in social groups, Sparrows for instance. Others will adopt territories which they will defend against other birds of their species. Song is used as a warning to others of the same species that “This is my patch”.
Just as toddlers learn to speak from their parents young birds have to learn to sing from their fathers or other male birds. Some song birds have just one song, others have a more extensive repertoire of several songs. Some birds are good mimics, I have often been fooled by a Great Tit making a very passable impression of a Marsh Tit. Song thrushes are also good imitators. It is not known precisely why birds imitate other birds and sounds but it is probably to enhance their repertoire to impress the females.
Birds do not have vocal chords as we do, instead they have something called a syrinx, deep in the breast used in conjunction with muscles which control air pressure and pitch coming from the lungs. The resulting resonation can make the whole body of the bird appear to vibrate with the sound. It has been shown that just as humans do, birds have regional accents although in the case of birds the region can be only a short distance away.
Learning bird song can be a challenge but very rewarding. Best to concentrate on a few at a time, the common garden birds for example.
For more information on individual species including an audio of their song visit the Royal Society of Birds website: http://www.rspb.org.uk/birds-and-wildlife/bird-and-wildlife-guides/bird-a-z/
If you would like to share your own nature notes or nature tips please email: aimee-rosehillnews@hotmail.com
Building Historical Miniatures
By Graham West
I am currently building miniatures to set up several battles from the 100 Years War between England and France & the Wars of the Roses.
I have purchased numerous miniatures from an online supplier called Crusader Miniatures. Miniature bases are also required so that the metal / plastic figures can stand up on the battlefield. There are a few options including flat round bases, flat square bases or bases that are moulded into a small plinth for the figure to stand on. I have been using Citadel bases from Games Workshop.
The first step is to glue the base and the miniature together using superglue. I use the gel form of super glue as it’s much easier to control without getting in onto fingers. Care always should be taken with super glue.
The next step is then to prime the miniature with an undercoat. The easiest way is with a spray. The two tones that are most often used are white and black spray. Black spray is quite suited to knights in armour.
Once the miniatures have been primed then colours can be added, sometimes a base coat and then layer colours. Additional effects can be added using inks and dry brushing. Citadel produce a good range of such paints for painting miniatures.
My Lego meet up!
Oxford LEGO Meet-up had its second meet-up on Saturday in the new Rose Hill Remo Cafe at the Community Centre. We were kindly allocated a table for the meet up so we were able to sit down and have a nice cup of coffee while discussing all different aspects of LEGO building.
The group decided to build a Giant Pumpkin as its the Autumn Season and nearly Halloween at the end of the month. We decided to build a hollow pumpkin construction with a lid so that fairy lights could be placed inside. The mouth and the eyes of the pumpkin were to be left as open slots so that light from the fairy lights could shine through.
We used a green LEGO baseplate for support and nearly 1,000 orange LEGO bricks bought from LEGO.COM Pick-a-brick. The bricks were different shapes – if you are familiar with LEGO then you will know there are studs on the top of each brick. We mainly used the 2×4 brick, the 2×3 brick and the 2×2 brick. For the teeth we used slopping roof tiles that are more common in the colour red, for building LEGO house roofs.
Our meet up group is a newly formed group that can accommodate 6 persons at a session using the RSVP pre-booking system. We are hoping to hold sessions once a month in the cafe for constructing a variety of different models. Those who came to the session thoroughly enjoyed themselves and had a great time.
Anniversary of my Dad
By Manuela Fernandes
My late father Michael Fernandes, who was the Field Secretary at the allotment for more than thirty years, passed away on August 10th 2014, after suffering from vascular dementia and a fractured hip.
See below pictures where his friends met to celebrate his life:
Left to right: Colin Sharp (chairman LRRAA), Sir John Grimley-Evans, Cathy Gibb, David Penwarden, Lydia Penwarden and Theresa Gurl, all allotees, (front) Manuela Fernandes).Photo by: Pearl Bevan.
Are you a golf lover?
“The game of golf would lose a great deal if croquet mallets and billiard cues were allowed on the putting green.” – Ernest Hemingway.
For a good golf player, putting and shots around the golf green are just fifty percent of the game. These are known as short game skills. Putting skills can be practiced on a putting mat, a shortly clipped lawn or carpet with a putter and ball.
Putting games can be played with friends to build skills that can be used on an actual course as well as having fun with others or yourself. A good range of putting games can be found at:
www.treelight.com/golf/PuttingGames.html
To challenge yourself, why not try adding some obstacles to your homemade course. Possibilities include using ornaments and making archways or humps to make your own crazy golf game.
I hope you get the opportunity to try some putting- why not try one of the local crazy golf courses in Cowley or Headington. And why not send in your pictures of your homemade course to aimee-rosehillnews@hotmail.com to be featured on the site.
Volunteering at Oxford Eid Extravaganza
I volunteered to go to the Eid Extravaganza Festival to help raise well needed funds for the Oxford Homeless Project.
The event was held on a hot Summers day. The event field was very well organised as all the participating traders had to line up their tents in straight lines. I was placed under the shade of a huge Oak tree at the edge of the field near the bouncy castles and an ice cream van.
Photo by Alex Hammonds
On the day, a good number of people kindly helped the Homeless Project by attempting my Giant Buzz Wire. They could have 3 tries for £1 and had a lot of fun with the game. There were plenty of prize winners who won a prize of Minions bubbles.
Overall, I am very happy that I was given the opportunity to help out this good cause. I enjoyed the festival very much (the cakes were delicious) and I look forward to next years event.
Music lover?
Graham West
Are you a music lover?
“The more you love music – the more music you love” (Unknown)
A good way to relax the summer away is to take the time to listen to some baroque on your day off.
Simply, Baroque is simple lines of music intertwining that fall and dance in and out of each other. Its emotional qualities are its “soothing,” “inspiring,” “uplifting” and “relaxing”, and often described as “energizing”. This will create a life of ease and beauty for you to enjoy.
The baroque music era was from 1600 to 1750. Popular composers that have contributed to this genre of music include Johann Sebastian Bach, George Frideric Handel, Antonio Vivaldi and Georg Philipp Telemann. A good example for you to listen to is Bach’s Brandenburg Concerto No. 6, Allegro (brisk and lively).
There’s are also some new names that have emerged in this genre including – Johann David Heinichen, Jan Pieterszoon Sweelinck, and Santiago de Murcia among many others.
I hope you find some time to relax and listen to your favourite music whether that is rock, reggae, pop, garage, jazz or soul.
Anyone a plant lover? Are you interested in growing your own?
A month ago, I planted some cacti and succulent seeds using re-hydrated compost discs. What’s that? That’s compost that is in a compressed form that just needs a couple of cups of water adding so it’s ready to plant seeds.
I am currently growing a mix of cacti and succulent seeds including the Giant Saguaro, Prickly Pear, Golden Barrel Cactus, Joshua Tree, Century Plant, including many more (see below for a common association).
Giant Saguaro- Google images.
They say if you give a seed what it needs it will grow. One of the key things cacti seeds need to grow is light. I managed to germinate (Germination is the process by which a plant grows from a seed) the cacti and succulent seeds using light from a 20 Watt LED light bulb.These bulbs are available from Amazon. Alternatively, a south facing sunny windowsill is also ok for germination.
Designing a desert landscape for your succulent or cacti can be fun. Using gravel can be fun, as well as using sand and small pieces of rock which represent desert boulders. Desert landscapes naturally mimic the art of Japanese Bonsai. A green house to enclose the landscape can be made out of coat wire or bamboo canes coated with cling film as this will create a moist atmosphere for the seedlings.
See what I have done below:
So why not give it a try yourself? Grab yourself some seeds and get planting! Send your pictures to aimee-rosehillnews@hotmail.com to be featured on the site.
RHN CHAT
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coronabuzz
Saturday CoronaBuzz, July 4, 2020: 33 pointers to new resources, useful stuff, research news, and more.
By ResearchBuzz on July 4, 2020 • ( Leave a comment )
Wash your hands and stay at home as much as you can. When you go out, please wear a mask. Please be careful. I love you.
NEW RESOURCES – STATE-SPECIFIC
New Canaan Daily Voice: COVID-19: Online Learning Hub Launched By Connecticut Department of Education. “The Connecticut Department of Education has launched a learning hub to assist teachers, students, and parents during the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak.”
BBC: Coronavirus: Pubs and hairdressers reopen as England’s lockdown eases. “Rollercoaster rides, early morning pints and long barber shop queues – this is how England is emerging after three months of coronavirus lockdown. Pubs, restaurants, hairdressers, cinemas and theme parks have reopened with strict social distancing rules. But ministers have urged caution and England’s chief medical officer said the latest step was not ‘risk-free’.”
AP: Virus concerns grow — as do crowds flocking to Jersey Shore. “As coronavirus-related restrictions are eased and temperatures climb, people are flocking back to the Jersey Shore. And with the July Fourth holiday weekend upon us, that’s making some people nervous, particularly given the large crowds that have surfaced at some popular shore spots recently and poor compliance with mandated measures to help slow the spread of the virus.”
Orlando Sentinel: Florida breaks coronavirus record with over 11K new cases reported in one day. “Florida reported 11,458 new coronavirus cases on Independence Day, shattering its record for daily reported cases in the state since the pandemic began. The positivity rate for new cases was 14%, slightly lower than the highest reported rate during the past two weeks. That came June 23, when 16% of new cases tested positive.”
Wired: ‘Covid Parties’ Are Not a Thing. “Despite its implausibility and utter lack of valid sourcing, the fantasy of Alabama virus gamblers has nonetheless exploded across the internet, with slack-jawed coverage turning up in CNN, the New York Post, and the Associated Press, among many others.” Including this here newsletter. Silly me, I thought a city council member would not turn up and say that the state and local hospitals had confirmed something that turned out to be a bucket of bullshit. Am I dumb.
New York Times: European Workers Draw Paychecks. American Workers Scrounge for Food.. “The pandemic has ravaged Europeans and Americans alike, but the economic pain has played out in starkly different fashion. The United States has relied on a significant expansion of unemployment insurance, cushioning the blow for tens of millions of people who have lost their jobs, with the assumption that they will be swiftly rehired once normality returns. European countries — among them Denmark, Ireland, Britain, France, the Netherlands, Spain and Austria — have prevented joblessness by effectively nationalizing payrolls, heavily subsidizing wages and enabling paychecks to continue uninterrupted.”
Houston Chronicle: Claiming confusion, Texas Medical Center changes how it reports ICU capacity amid COVID-19. “Texas Medical Center hospitals stopped updating key metrics showing the stress rising numbers of COVID-19 patients were placing on their facilities for more than three days, rattling policymakers and residents who have relied on the information to gauge the spread of the coronavirus.”
BUSINESS / CORPORATIONS
Radio Prague International: Czech Firm Switches From Car Production To Helping Make Ventilators For Us. “Czech carmakers and associated industries have been hit hard by the coronavirus pandemic. Faced with this challenge, one family-run firm is now drawing on its expertise to fight Covid-19 itself, helping the production of much-needed ventilators in the US.”
Greenock Telegraph: Pub boss was stripped of his licence after keeping his bar open despite the coronavirus lockdown. “CORONAVIRUS shutdown-flouting pub boss Ian Ellis was stripped of his licence after putting lives at risk by keeping his bar open as the pandemic gripped Greenock. Ellis continued trading at his Cheers premises — a decision which led to drunken violence and shameful headlines — despite being told to close to protect the community.”
INDIVIDUALS / BANDS / GROUPS
New Zealand Herald: Covid-19 scientist Siouxsie Wiles reveals appalling social media abuse. “Infectious diseases expert Siouxsie Wiles has spoken out about the appalling online abuse she has suffered in her work. The prominent science communicator, who answered the nation’s Covid-19 questions during lockdown, has revealed dozens of ugly insults and threats she has received on social media aimed at her bright pink hair and her weight.”
NBC South Florida: Second Miami Heat Player Tests Positive For Coronavirus, Cancelling Team Workouts. “The Miami Heat has confirmed to NBC 6 that a second Heat player has tested positive for coronavirus, resulting in a cancellation of individual team member workouts at American Airlines Arena. At the end of last month, it was revealed that Derrick Jones Jr. had tested positive for the virus, a result that came in shortly after the Heat and other NBA teams began mandatory testing in preparation for July’s resumption of the season.”
New York Times: Colleges Face Rising Revolt by Professors. “College students across the country have been warned that campus life will look drastically different in the fall, with temperature checks at academic buildings, masks in half-empty lecture halls and maybe no football games. What they might not expect: a lack of professors in the classroom.”
San Francisco Chronicle: Bay Area charter schools tap tens of millions in federal small business loans. “Charter schools in the Bay Area received tens of millions of dollars from a federal coronavirus relief program intended for small businesses, money they say is necessary to stay afloat amid the pandemic. The schools are alternatives to traditional public schools and are exempt from many state regulations related to class size, curriculum and teacher tenure, yet still receive state funding.”
Washington Post: How Fauci, 5 other health specialists deal with covid-19 risks in their everyday lives. “As Americans learn to live with the coronavirus, many are struggling with decisions about which practices are safe or risky for them. The Washington Post asked six public health/infectious diseases specialists about their own behavior choices.”
KMOV4: An 11-year-old boy is Florida’s youngest person to die from Covid-19 complications. “An 11-year-old boy from Miami-Dade County has died from Covid-19 complications, according to the Florida Department of Health, making him the youngest person in the state of Florida to die from the disease. The boy had severe underlying health conditions, the health department told CNN. The latest health records show the 11-year-old’s case was not travel-related, but it’s unclear if he recently had close contact with anyone who had Covid-19.”
BuzzFeed News: Hundreds Of Workers May Have Contracted Covid-19 To Get You The Food On Your Plate This July 4th.. “After months of stress, Americans have been looking forward to the pre–COVID-19 pleasures of a (socially distanced) 4th of July. How about a cookout? It’s a traditional, low-key summer celebration — but amid the nation’s growing outbreak, even a simple home-cooked meal comes at an exorbitant price. A BuzzFeed News investigation reveals the extent to which the virus — and the nation’s inadequate response to it — has infected, sickened, and even killed workers up and down the nation’s food supply chains as they work to keep our refrigerators full.”
CBS News: Florida “heading a million miles an hour in the wrong direction” as COVID-19 cases keep rising, doctor says. “Florida’s most populous county instituted an overnight curfew, and beaches and businesses began closing down again as the state’s number of COVID-19 cases and hospitalizations keep rising. The grim trend threatened a further spread during the festive Fourth of July weekend. ‘Right now, we are heading a million miles an hour in the wrong direction,’ Dr. Aileen Marty told “CBS This Morning” lead national correspondent David Begnaud. Marty is an infectious disease expert who helped Miami-Dade write its reopening rules but she says not enough people are following them.”
BBC: Coronavirus Spain: Catalonia locks down area of 210,000 people. “The government in Spain’s Catalonia region has re-imposed coronavirus controls on an area of 210,000 people after a sharp rise in infections. President Quim Torra said no-one would be allowed to enter or leave Segrià, an agricultural area west of Barcelona which includes the city of Lleida.”
CBS News: 105 University of Washington students in frat houses test positive for coronavirus. “More than 100 students living in fraternity houses near the University of Washington campus have reported testing positive for COVID-19, with hundreds of results pending. The Interfraternity Council, a student-led governing board for UW fraternities, said that at least 105 residents living in 15 fraternity houses have self-reported that they tested positive, CBS affiliate KIRO-TV reports.”
New York Times: The Young Cut Loose in Myrtle Beach. The Virus Followed Them Home.. “A popular spring break and summertime destination on the South Carolina coast is linked to clusters of coronavirus cases among teenagers and young adults in several states.”
US News & World Report: New Outbreaks Push Inmate Coronavirus Cases Past 50,000. “At the end of June, the total number of coronavirus cases among prisoners had reached at least 52,649, an increase of 8% from the week before, according to data compiled by the Marshall Project, a nonprofit news organization focusing on criminal justice, and The Associated Press.”
CNN: MIT-designed robot can disinfect a warehouse floor in 30 minutes — and could one day be employed in grocery stores and schools. “MIT has designed a robot that is capable of disinfecting the floor of a 4,000-square foot warehouse in only half an hour, and it could one day be used to clean your local grocery store or school. The university’s Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory (CSAIL) worked with Ava Robotics — a company that focuses on creating telepresence robots — and the Greater Boston Food Bank (GBFB) to develop a robot that uses a custom UV-C light to disinfect surfaces and neutralize aerosolized forms of the coronavirus.”
CNN: Study finds hydroxychloroquine may have boosted survival, but other researchers have doubts. “A surprising new study found the controversial antimalarial drug hydroxychloroquine helped patients better survive in the hospital. But the findings, like the federal government’s use of the drug itself, were disputed.”
Reuters: CanSino’s COVID-19 vaccine candidate approved for military use in China. “China’s military has received the greenlight to use a COVID-19 vaccine candidate developed by its research unit and CanSino Biologics (6185.HK) after clinical trials proved it was safe and showed some efficacy, the company said on Monday.”
Michigan State University: Machine Learning Model Finds SARS-CoV-2 Growing More Infectious. “The model, developed by lead researcher Guowei Wei, professor in the departments of Mathematics and Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, analyzed SARS-CoV-2 genotyping from more than 20,000 viral genome samples. The researchers analyzed mutations to the spike protein — a protein primarily responsible for facilitating infection — and found that five of the six known virus subtypes are now more infectious.”
CRIME / SECURITY / LEGAL
KTLA: Deputies to cite those not wearing masks in West Hollywood; 1st offense carries $300 fine. “Sheriff’s deputies in West Hollywood say they’ll begin fining people spotted without a face covering in public. The violation carries a $300 price tag for first-time offenders, including a $250 fine and $50 fee, the sheriff’s station said in a tweet. Deputies said enforcement begins this month, indicating it is effective immediately.”
The BMJ Opinion: Devi Sridhar and Adriel Chen: Why Scotland’s slow and steady approach to covid-19 is working. “In April 2020, the Scottish government issued a framework for decision-making on covid-19 which notably included that there would be no acceptable number of covid-19 cases, and that no one would be intentionally exposed to this virus. This framework set the objective clearly: to drive the number of cases as close to zero as possible, and from that, a strategy and game plan could be worked out to arrive at the outcome.”
MarketWatch: Opinion: Fed warns stock market of a second recession if the coronavirus pandemic isn’t brought under control. “It’s up to the public health and fiscal policy officials, as well as the private sector, to get us through this with a minimal loss of lives and damage to our livelihoods. That means wear a mask, keep your distance, test everyone you can, trace contacts, and isolate anyone who has the disease or who may have it. And it means Congress needs to provide more support for individuals, families, small businesses, and state and local governments.”
Politico: White House ‘free marketeers’ raised concerns over coronavirus price-gouging crackdown. “As the coronavirus crisis reached a boiling point in the United States, government officials squared off in countless internal arm-wrestling matches about how to handle it. But at least one of those debates — involving officials from the White House and the Department of Justice — was philosophical: How exactly should the federal government deal with pandemic-related hoarding and price-gouging?”
New York Times: Trump Uses Mount Rushmore Speech to Deliver Divisive Culture War Message. “The scene at Mount Rushmore was the latest sign of how Mr. Trump appears, by design or default, increasingly disconnected from the intense concern among Americans about the health crisis gripping the country. More than just a partisan rally, it underscored the extent to which Mr. Trump is appealing to a subset of Americans to carry him to a second term by changing the subject and appealing to fear and division.”
NPR: Former NIH Director Calls Trump Administration’s Pandemic Response ‘Amateur Hour’ . “Dr. Elias Zerhouni knows the dangers of infectious disease outbreaks. He was director of the National Institutes of Health in 2005 when bird flu appeared poised to become more infectious to humans. Fortunately, that pandemic never materialized, but he says it served as a warning of what was to come. Zerhouni has been a member of the faculty of the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and head of global research and development for the pharmaceutical company Sanofi. NPR asked him about the difficulties of responding to pandemics in general, and in particular the government’s response to the COVID-19 outbreak.”
NBC News: Trump’s July Fourth ‘Salute to America’ in D.C. promises fireworks, flyovers — and coronavirus risk. “As coronavirus cases spike, public health officials are pleading with Americans to avoid large crowds and hold more muted Independence Day celebrations, but subdued is not President Donald Trump’s style, and he aimed to go big, promising a ‘special evening’ in Washington that could bring tens of thousands to the National Mall.”
Tampa Bay Times: How mask mandates are playing out in Florida’s 2020 elections. “With about a month to go before in-person voting starts for Florida’s Aug. 18 primary, the state’s 67 elections supervisors are planning for the coronavirus pandemic. Among the issues they must consider: what to do about voters and masks. Wearing a mask — or not — has become a flash point, with disputes and confrontations involving the use of masks flaring on social feeds across the nation.”
CoronaBuzz is brought to you by ResearchBuzz. I love your comments, I love your site suggestions, and I love you. Feel free to comment, send resource suggestions, or tag @buzz_corona on Twitter. Thanks!
Categories: coronabuzz
Tagged as: coronavirus, COVID-19
Vermont Law Enforcement Funding, Chain Letters, Twitch, More: Saturday ResearchBuzz, July 4, 2020
Smoky Mountains Graves, Adventist Church, Google, More: Sunday ResearchBuzz, July 5, 2020
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ReviewsGate.
Reviews across the UK and Ireland
17th May 2018 Aguinaldo
MOJO To 31 December.
by Theatre Rites
Silk Street Theatre The Barbican ) Silk Street EC2Y 8DS To 31 December 2011.
12pm 20, 22, 23, 27, 28, 30, 31 Dec.
7pm 20-23, 27, 28, 30 Dec.
Runs 1hr 15min No interval.
TICKETS: 0844 243 0785.
www.barbican.org.uk
Review: Timothy Ramsden 19 December.
Vivaciously imaginative cycle of childhood and youth.
Anything merely good in this dance-and-music story of birth to young adulthood would stick out like a sore thumb. In imagination and execution it’s magnificent; simply as a demonstration of performance energy, discipline and skill it would be magnetic viewing. The ingenuity of its puppetry makes it moving. And the conception, focusing these skills to follow a human life from – well, conception – to adulthood – gives it a resonance that can’t be reduced to defined points, and which celebrates the value and vibrancy inherent in mere existence.
So, once again Sue Buckmaster’s Theatre Rites shows an ability to bring fresh invention and imaginative scope to work for young people (and if you’re not so young don’t let that spoil your enjoyment). Summoned by percussion (well, a tambourine, working miracles of sound gradations in Adriano Adewale’s skilled hand), figures come from among the audience to enter an onstage aperture. It’s as if the society surrounding a new-born child is being collected.
Leo Altarelli’s in at the birth, his trumpet blowing what appear to be smoke-rings, except they finally coalesce into a face, and after various sticks shape themselves around the musicians, a tiny baby’s formed. Then the stage opens-up, as this girl’s world expands and she grows taller, eventually bursting into fashion and attitude, upon entering the years of temperament and sulks.
This protagonist, surrounded by eight high-energy dancing performances, is a puppet which becomes as expressive as the flesh and blood, pulsing-lunged humans in constant motion all around her.
As a puppet, she can be archetype as well as individual. And, as with any young person, the world around her is constantly changing, producing a series of sometimes linked, often disconnected, colours, sounds and sensations. Mojo’s success lies in presenting such a kaleidoscopic swirl as entertaining in its own right, while giving – as ingeniously as the puppet protagonist is constructed in the early part – the sense of how disparate elements fuse in the crucible of individual experience to form what can probably best be called a life.
Which is what this show has in physical, aural and imaginative abundance.
Performers: Adriano Adewale, Leo Altarelli, Cody Choi, Laura Cubitt, Mohsen Nouri, Simon Palmer, Tanya Richam-Odoi, Clemmie Sveaas.
Puppeteer: Sarah Fitzpatrick.
Directors: Sue Buckmaster, Arthur Pita.
Designer/Lighting: Peter Mumford.
Composers: Adriano Adewale, Leo Altarelli.
Music Director: Keith Clouston.
Choreographer: Arthur Pita.
Costume: Suzy Peters.
Puppets: Michael Fowkes.
Magic consultant: John van der Put.
Assistant designer: William Reynolds.
CINDERELLA till 29 January
TWELFTH NIGHT To 18 February.
My White Best Friend (and Other Letters Left Unsaid): Co-curated by Rachel De-Lahay and Milli Bhatia: Royal Court at Home: Until 17th July 2020: ****4 Mark Courtice
18th July 2020 Mark Courtice
ReviewsGate.com A ghost story to chill at Christmas - M R James with some original twists by Phillip Franks. The Haunting of Alice… https://t.co/WgWbT54N5A
ReviewsGate.com A tuneful, enthralling Christmas musical CD telling the nativity story from the point of view of the Angel Gabriel.… https://t.co/8onK9y9JFT
ReviewsGate.com Cinderella goes to the intergalactic ball - fun and rap on another planet. Hip Hop Cinderella – Book by Scott Elmeg… https://t.co/e3ObWi50g4
ReviewsGate.com The women of Greek myth brilliantly conjured up in today's world. 15 Heroines – new plays telling the stories of wo… https://t.co/Ba3emw9rlr
ReviewsGate.com Fine playing, intelligent online presentation and a young artist to watch. London Mozart Players. Online concerts a… https://t.co/Bi8M1esZHZ
About ReviewsGate
ReviewsGate is one of the longest running Reviews websites; it was started in 2001. To date it has a database of over 7000 reviews. They can all be searched. All our reviewers are experienced; we like our reviewers to have their own voice, but we pride ourselves on writing in good English. We work across the UK and in Ireland.
Live at the Palace – William Russell 15th January 2021
Dates for your diaries. William Russell 11th January 2021
David Bedella in concert at Crazy Coqz. 4****. William Russell. 10th January 2021
Hip Hop Cinderella – Book by Scott Elmegreen, music and lyrics by Rona Siddiqui. streaming on line to 31 January 2021. 4****. William Russell 29th December 2020
Gabriel – music & lyrics by Andrew Fisher, book Andrew Fisher & Nick Stimson. A CD abailable from Dress Circle. 4****. William Russell. 23rd December 2020
Dick Whittington – The National Theatre on you tube until midnight 27 December – free. 23rd December 2020
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The Best Restaurants in St Kilda
Published by Nadia Pearl
November 6, 2019 · 5 min read
St Kilda has a lot to envy. There’s the beautiful seaside location, the historic Luna Park, the charming mansions, the buzzing cultural vibe and convenient proximity to the city centre.
And of course, there’s also the leading dining scene. St Kilda restaurants are amongst some of Melbourne’s best and we’ve picked out the ones you won’t want to miss.
Araliya is a modern Sri Lankan restaurant stealing the heart (and stomachs) of Melbourne locals. Source: Quandoo \[…\]
By the way, we’ve recently been focusing on food guides for all of Melbourne’s neighbourhoods. So if you’re interested, you can also read about the city’s best restaurants in South Yarra, Brunswick, Brunswick East and Fitzroy.
Located right on the dreamy doorstep of St Kilda Beach, Donovans is a leisurely dream. Teaming a stunning location with ever consistent and reliable food, this Jacka Boulevard establishment is an institution with over 20 years experience and welcoming hospitality is at the core of what they offer. Their menu and drinks list celebrates modern Australian dining, quality Victorian producers and the nature of seasonal cuisine. A must try St Kilda restaurant.
Open Monday to Sunday from 12 – 3pm and 6 – 9pm.40 Jacka Boulevard, St Kilda, Melbourne 3182
Araliya
Araliya is a modern Sri Lankan restaurant with ambience, charm and most importantly awesomely flavoursome food. Blending spices from the East with culinary techniques from the West since 1985, this popular eatery is known for showcasing the tastes of Sri Lanka in an elegant way. Whether you’re after an eight-course degustation, some street food nibbles, a wholesome curry or a Sunday brunch like no other, Araliya has you sorted.
Open Tuesday to Thursday from 5 – 11pm, Friday from 12 – 11:309pm, Saturday from 3:30 – 11:30pm, Sunday from 12 –11pm.157 Fitzroy Street, St Kilda, Melbourne 3182
St LuJa
Both a fusion restaurant and a specialist cocktail bar all wrapped in one, St LuJa is one of St Kilda’s most exciting food and drink precincts. Inspired by both Australian and American cuisine, the seasonal menu here is a deluge of dishes with smokey flavours. Their 12-hour smoked brisket is not to be missed and neither are the impressive cocktails. We’re particularly fond of St LuJa’s speciality negronis.
Open Thursday from 5pm – 12am, Friday from 5pm – 3am, Saturday from 4 – 3am, Sunday from 12pm – 12am.9 Fitzroy Street, St Kilda, Melbourne 3182
Taking a big focus on contemporary dining, Machi is not your typical Japanese restaurant and isn’t afraid to overlap cuisines with an innovative approach. While the menu at this Inkerman Street restaurant definitely has roots in Japan – think sushi, sashimi, donburi and grilled specialities – guests can also expect exciting specials on the regular. For example, we’re talking dishes like sea urchin sushi tacos, raw spicy tuna on squid ink scallop crackers and Japanese seafood paella with truffle.
Open Tuesday to Sunday from 5 – 10pm.14 Inkerman Street, St Kilda, Melbourne 3182
Supernormal Canteen
Supernormal Canteen is a dynamic restaurant on Fitzroy Street serving pan-Asian food amongst a cruisey yet polished atmosphere. There are some parallels between this St Kilda restaurant and its sister eatery Supernormal on Flinders Lane, both being the creation of Andrew McConnell and inspired by culinary experiences in Tokyo, Shanghai, Seoul and Hong Kong. However the hibachi, a traditional Japanese grill, churns out inventive smoking dishes at the St Kilda joint which aren’t available at the CBD location.
Open Wednesday to Friday from 5 – 10pm, weekends from 12 – 10pm.2/157 Fitzroy Street, St Kilda, Melbourne 3182
Stokehouse
If you’re after a special dining experience in St Kilda, the restaurant leading the pack is most definitely Stokehouse. Award-winning food, fine wine, sophisticated decor and truly mesmerising views of crashing waves on St Kilda Beach… The ambience at this One Hat restaurant is unmatched in St Kilda and it’s well-known throughout Melbourne’s dining scene. Reservations, as you can imagine, are essential.
Open Monday to Sunday from 12pm – 12am.30 Jacka Boulevard, St Kilda, Melbourne 3182
Bringing the buzz of Spanish tapas bars to Melbourne, Las Tapas is a sought-after and trendy restaurant on St Kilda’s Chapel Street. The atmosphere here is welcoming which suits the sharing nature of tapas dining, but better yet the food is seriously authentic. You can dine here and graze on some of the best Spanish cuisine in the city. FYI, on Tuesdays it’s BYO for $10 corkage.
Open Tuesday to Sunday from 5:30 –11pm.100 Chapel Street, St Kilda, Melbourne 3183
Babu Ji
Babu Ji is not your normal Indian restaurant in Melbourne. Instead it’s a contemporary blend of modern cooking and intense Indian flavours, resulting in exciting food that’s complemented nicely with boutique beer and wine. Get amongst handmade samosas with dried pomegranate and green mango, prawn momos with wild pepper sauce, pork vindaloo sprinkled with crispy pork chicharon and a range of vegan and vegetarian dishes. Furthermore, BYO wine is available and their beer follows a GYO (grab your own) policy from the ice-cold, self-service fridge.
Open Monday to Friday from 5:30 – 9:30pm, weekends from 11:30am – 2:30pm and 5:30 – 9:30pm4-6 Grey Street, St Kilda, Melbourne 3182
I Love Dumplings
The name says it all, really. If you’re craving dumplings and you’re in St Kilda, I Love Dumplings is the restaurant for you. From wontons and xiao long bao to pan-fried numbers and steamed har grow, they’ve got them all and gluten-free varieties are also available. It’s little wonder why it’s one of our favourite places for dumplings in Melbourne, and in addition, there’s plenty of other Chinese dishes and it’s BYO. What’s not to love?
Open Monday to Thursday from 12 – 3pm and 5 –10pm, Friday to Sunday from 12 – 10pm.2/29 Fitzroy Street, St Kilda, Melbourne 3182
Cicciolina
Considering how much Australians love Italian food, it’s only necessary to include one Italian eatery on our list. However, that’s not the only reason Cicciolina is one of our favourite St Kilda restaurants. Opened in 1993, experienced chef Virginia Redmond has been around since the beginning and her seasonal approach to cooking is authentic, wholesome and indulgent all at the same time – just like Italian food should be. Here you can find an extensive wine list complementing a traditional menu of flavoursome pasta, mains and desserts.
Open Monday to Sunday from 12 – 10pm.130 Acland Street, St Kilda, Melbourne 3182
Mya Tiger
Hotel Esplanade is home to the two trendy St Kilda restaurants of Espy Kitchen and Mya Tiger. While the former is definitely worth a mention, we prefer the Cantonese flavours on offer up the stairs at Mya Tiger. There’s something about their signature roasted Peking duck, a gourmet range of dumplings and baos, as well as other classic Chinese dishes and nice drinks, that we simply can’t resist. In addition, we love the decor and vibe of the dining room.
Open Monday to Sunday from 12pm – late.11 The Esplanade, St Kilda, Melbourne 3182
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Author: Michelle Martin
Michelle Martin lives in Hamilton. The opinions she expresses in Raise the Hammer are her own.
Seeing Hamilton Through Fresh Eyes - A newcomer to Hamilton makes an important observation about people with disabilities. Published August 04, 2017 in Belonging
Noblesse Oblige and Checking One's Driving Privilege - Can the very act of driving, of experiencing that superiority of position in relation to our surroundings and to other people, lead us to be less empathetic, less careful in the moment? Published February 13, 2017 in Belonging
Cognitive Psychology and Vehicle Speed - A seemingly small difference in vehicle speed can mean life or death for a pedestrian or cyclist, and not just because it heightens the force of impact in a collision. It's not just because physics. It's also because psychology. Published August 04, 2016 in Special Report: Walkable Streets
The Technology of Human Kindness - Technology is a wonderful thing, but it cannot make up for a lack of understanding, or a refusal to include others who are different. Published March 13, 2016 in Belonging
Living Through Loss - We all have people in our lives that we do not want to ever, ever lose. Published January 11, 2016 in Belonging
Because Christmas - we are all just one catastrophic event, one diagnosis or one accident, one flood, or one fire away from being a person who relies on state support. We are only one war away from no longer being a citizen. Published December 21, 2015 in Belonging
A Moment of Grace on the Cannon Bus - About a year ago, I witnessed a beautiful piece of street choreography: spontaneous, unrehearsed and unselfconscious. Published August 12, 2015 in Belonging
Plain Language is More Inclusive - If knowledge is indeed power, we have a responsibility to provide as much of it as possible to others by communicating it plainly. Published March 06, 2015 in Belonging
Road Rage and Inclusive Streets - As a driver I would find traffic calming measures inconvenient. As a parent I say bring on the speed bumps, the bump-outs, the pedestrian-activated signals. Published January 26, 2015 in Belonging
Our Responsibilities to Young People - Is it young people who have changed over time, or is it the rest of us? Maybe the under-performance we think we see in this up-and-coming cohort is due to Boomer entitlement, not Millennial laziness. Published November 18, 2014 in Belonging
Fundraiser for Documentary About Kenilworth - Alex Djordjevic has launched a Kickstarter campaign to support a documentary that explores the history and potential of Kenilworth Avenue. Published September 23, 2014 in Events
Living the Lives We're Given - It is no coincidence that the Christmas classics we revisit every year feature protagonists who are facing the very real possibility of their own deaths. Published January 22, 2014 in Belonging
Socks - Apparently, making sure that each sock in a pair goes into the wash at the same time is rocket science. Published May 16, 2012 in Belonging
Intelligence Insults Part 3 - In which we take a literary turn. Published April 23, 2012 in Belonging
Walk in Someone Else's Shoes - The casual use of insults about intelligence can impede people with real intellectual disabilities, not only by contributing to stereotypes but also by deterring them from asking for help when they need it. Published April 19, 2012 in Belonging
Intelligence Insults Should Insult Our Intelligence - Pejorative terms based on race, ethnicity, sexual orientation or appearance are not allowed in polite company. Words that insult one's intelligence ought to be treated with the same shock and disdain. Published April 17, 2012 in Belonging
Independence and Accomplishment Through Mobility - Most of us don’t stop to consider the many small decisions that go into even a short bus trip. Published February 10, 2012 in Belonging
Personal Grooming and a Living Wage - Grooming and personal appearance can be expensive to look after, and a parent earning minimum wage who wants to send a child out into the world looking and feeling his or her best may find that it isn't affordable. Published January 03, 2012 in Belonging
Locked in the Tower of a Gloomy Mansion - We still speak about people with mental illness as if all they need to do to get better is try harder, using ourselves as a reference point and forgetting all the material and personal advantages we may have. Published August 08, 2011 in Belonging
Sister Mary Patrick and Prose for Publication - Strong feeling isn't enough to communicate effectively on a topic about which one feels passionately. Published February 17, 2011 in Belonging
Resilience and Stoicism Belong Together - If the learning of new skills is pursued seriously, then lessons in patience and self-mastery will go hand in hand. Published December 06, 2010 in Belonging
A Real Social Network - Do our social networks have room for the woman on the bus whose clothes don't quite match and whose rough attempts at conversation may interfere with us checking our iPhones? Published October 05, 2010 in Belonging
Warning: Possibly Occupied Residence - Drivers need to behave at all times as if they fully understand the difference between themselves and pedestrians, and that someone on foot is at a distinct disadvantage in any encounter with a car. Published May 23, 2010 in Belonging
Hamilton: A Love-Hate Story - No place can meet every need all the time. Better to embrace the adventure of the inconvenient and learn to love our less-than-perfect neighbourhoods than to fly in search of the elusive perfect place. Published March 10, 2010 in Belonging
Walkability? We Can't Manage Driveability - Making changes to improve walkability and liveability would go a long way to ward improving driveability, too. Published February 20, 2010 in Belonging
On Writing for Online Publications - Newspapers whose online versions are not much better than electronic versions of what was delivered to houses won't be able to attract letter and commentary writers, and readers of same, who are interested in discourse. Published February 06, 2010 in Belonging
Mark Zuckerberg's Visiting Card - Since no one pays a monthly fee to use Facebook, it must be recognized that Facebook users are paying some other way. Published December 28, 2009 in Belonging
When Sharing Goes Bad: Student Cooperation in the Age of DRM - Can you claim that you did your homework if you got help with it? If you help someone else with theirs, is that cheating? Published September 16, 2009 in Belonging
The New Purveyors of Received Wisdom - Common sense has its place, and indeed a valuable role to play, in our day-to-day existence. Published August 25, 2009 in Belonging
Jane Austin and Jar-Jar Binks? - All is not lost, you teachers and parents of teenage boys. Simply look up the actors and actresses who play in popular sci-fi movies and stories and find out their more, well, highbrow roles. Published August 08, 2009 in Belonging
A Lesson From Laundry - Our very competence as parents, as employees and as citizens is judged in large part on our appearance - but at what cost? Published July 06, 2009 in Belonging
Bicycle Routes Support Healthy Child Development - Council would do well to remember that a healthy city makes it possible for growing children and teens to do interesting and productive things as independently as possible. Published June 18, 2009 in Belonging
Technology and Trust: How Families Can Balance Supervision and Personal Responsibility - As heart-rendingly difficult as it can be to respect your child's legitimate and age-appropriate personal freedom, the concept behind it isn't rocket science. Published June 16, 2009 in Belonging
On Belonging - We go places, we see things, we do stuff – and sometimes we complain about what we did or saw. But are we really engaged? Published May 29, 2009 in Belonging
Clogged Drains and Emo Swoops: A Family Tracklist - I thought David Bowie was cool always and everywhere, but apparently opinions are divided. Published May 25, 2009 in Belonging
On Being at the Mercy of Your Online Profile - The internet has many wonderful aspects and uses, but the inclusion of a little more wisdom, and respect for human dignity is surely a good and necessary thing. Published May 07, 2009 in Belonging
Natural Justice and School Safety - Bullying needs to be dealt with immediately, forcefully, with the full weight of school board policy and law - even in its earliest stages, even if it hasn't yet become physical. Published May 04, 2009 in Belonging
Let Yourself Be Moved - In this economic climate we may not be able to afford major concert tickets, but we can sure get out in the community and listen to our talented neighbours. Published April 21, 2009 in Belonging
Stay On Top of Your Online Profile - Managing your online profile involves more than a simple matter of watching what you say and do, which in simpler times was good enough. Published April 09, 2009 in Belonging
Shelter-Mag Porn and Hieronymous Bosch - The advent of the credit crisis and the evidence of what rampant consumerism has done to the environment have given us wordly reasons not to fall into the trap that religion has always warned against. Published March 27, 2009 in Belonging
Snark, Impatience, and Urban Living - A generous give-and-take among citizens, a willingness for us to make excuses for each other is even more important that an aesthetically pleasing cityscape. Published March 11, 2009 in Belonging
Quebec's Lessons for Hamilton - There is no reason why our fair city cannot be almost as much of a tourist magnet as the oldest city in Canada. Published September 11, 2008 in Belonging
The Air Conditioning Trap - We really tried to tough it out and do all we could afford to do to avoid the air conditioning trap, but smog and asthma made it impossible. Published July 07, 2008 in Belonging
Fear of Disability Can Lead Us to Avoid and Exclude People, Published August 05, 2013 in Health
Hamilton's Growing Reputation for Great Dining, Published February 18, 2013 in Culture
Hallowe'en and Community Spirit, Published November 12, 2012 in Neighbourhoods
It is Margaret You Mourn For, Published August 10, 2012 in People
Recycle the Recycling, Published March 14, 2012 in Activism
DARTS Extended to Cognitively Disabled Hamiltonians, Published March 07, 2012 in Transportation
The Prime of Mr Jacques Tremblay, Published October 11, 2011 in Culture
Culs-de-sac a Dead End in Neighbourhood Design, Published September 25, 2011 in Neighbourhoods
Those Are Inappropriate, Published April 22, 2011 in Culture
Finding Romance, Published February 13, 2011 in Neighbourhoods
Comments, Cool Certainty and Candlelight, Published January 31, 2011 in Philosophy
New Year's Family Newsletter, Published December 28, 2010 in Humour
Trolling Through the Ages, Published November 22, 2010 in Humour
The Magical 21-35 Demographic, Published November 04, 2010 in Humour
Remembering Alex Keating, Published September 07, 2010 in People
Shaw and Chesterson and Respectful Disagreement, Published July 05, 2010 in Philosophy
Hamilton Municipal Election Website Not Accessible, Published June 21, 2010 in Municipal Election 2010
What Makes a Neighbourhood?, Published May 29, 2010 in Neighbourhoods
Balancing Books, Published May 13, 2010 in Media
The Truth Hurts Like the Dickens, Published April 27, 2010 in Media
Lawrence Road Fail, Published April 05, 2010 in Walkability Fail
RTH Online Poetry Crawl, Published March 14, 2010 in Arts
The Big Brother Customer Loyalty Card, Published January 24, 2010 in Philosophy
Can We Critique Abuses of Privacy Without Compounding Them?, Published January 18, 2010 in Media
The Disconnect of Internet Communication, Published January 12, 2010 in Philosophy
Be My Brother, Published September 29, 2009 in Arts
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International Design & Architecture Award Winner!
Home » International Design & Architecture Award Winner!
By RBA
In Architecture, Articles, Awards, New build, Team
International Design & Architecture Award Winner!2019-09-242019-10-28http://richmondbellarchitects.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/12/Richmond-Bell-Dark.pngRichmond Bell Architectshttps://richmondbellarchitects.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/the-studio-winner-crop-3.jpg200px200px
We are thrilled to announce that we won the Private Residential Architecture Award at the International Design & Architecture Awards on Friday night.
RBA project The Studio, a stunning contemporary, sustainable pool house and Pilates studio in Wiltshire, received the award for best Private Residential Architecture. The results were calculated from a public vote in which almost 87000 votes were cast across the Awards. design et al magazine organised the awards and ceremony. RBA Director James had a fantastic evening at the ceremony at Grosvenor House Hotel, London, where he met many talented and inspirational people from the design and architecture industry.
The RBA team designed the Studio for private clients and it was built in conjunction with Carpenter Oak and WB Design & Build. It is a beautiful, timber-framed and timber-clad contemporary building. The Studio contrasts with the neighbouring traditional Georgian Old Rectory but remains sympathetic to its rural setting. View full details of the project here: The Studio.
architects, architecture, awards, construction, contemporary, design, Finalist, project, residential, swimming pool, The Studio, timber, wiltshire
Increase in new instructions
RBA New Build Home in Country Life Magazine
Full Planning Permissions Granted in the Donheads
Planning Approval Gained for Wiltshire FarmhouseArchitecture, Barn conversion, New build, Planning, Rebuild, Renovation, Residential, Restoration
Site Visit to Natural Swimming Pool and Pool HouseArchitecture, New build, Planning, Renovation, Residential, Restoration
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Indoor/Outdoor Slippers
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In 1380, the Father Prior of the Carthusian Monastery of St. Giacomo was taken unaware by news of the arrival of Queen Giovanna D’Angio to Capri. So he gathered the most beautiful flowers from the island, and made a bouquet which remained in the same water for 3 days. Later, he noticed that the water acquired a mysterious fragrance unknown to him. And that water became the first perfume of Capri.
In 1948, the Prior of the same monastery rediscovered the legendary perfume formulas. Upon obtaining permission from the Pope, he revealed the formulas to a chemist from Piemonte, in the North of Italy, who went on to create the smallest laboratory in the world, and named it “Carthusia.”
Carthusia fragrances are made with natural, locally-sourced, highest quality, proprietary ingredients, some hand-picked on Capri’s Mount Solaro. And just as in the past, all production is carried out by hand to guarantee the accurate application of the natural methods involved, and the exquisite care of traditional craftsmanship.
Dedicated to the cradle of all the great civilizations of Europe, Africa and Asia, Mediterraneo is a solar fragrance, original yet versatile, which blends the classical pristine freshness of lemon leaves with the youthful and sparkling tones of green tea.
Solid soap, made with pure raw natural ingredients and triple-milled, good for general everyday cleansing of your face and skin. These colourfully presented fragrant soaps are slowly and accurately made according to the ancient Carthusia methods of production.
Sodium Palmate, Sodium Palm Kernelate, Aqua, Parfum (Fragrance), Glycerin, Coco-Glucoside (and) Glyceryl Oleate, Palm Acid, Sodium Chloride, Tetrasodium EDTA, Tetrasodium Etidronate, Limonene, Hexyl Cinnamal, Citral, Linalol, Geraniol, Titanium Dioxide.
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Email: ciao@SantM.co
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Pastor, Wife and Two Others Jailed for Selling UTME Form above N4, 000
January 30, 2020 favorite Edu News 0
A magistrate court in Nasarawa state has sentenced a Pastor identified as Ujaku Emem Samuel, his wife and two others to 3 years imprisonment for selling the e-PIN for the 2020 Unified Tertiary Matriculation Examination (UTME) above N4, 000.
According to report, the prison sentence was issued on January 28th, after they pleaded guilty following the accusation.
According to a statement made by JAMB’s Head of Information, the accused persons were apprehended by men of the NSCDC in Nasarawa state. He said;
“No fewer than four persons who are agents of accredited sale outlets arrested by officers of NSCDC, Nasarawa State Command for selling the ongoing 2020 Unified Tertiary Matriculation Examination (UTME) and Direct Entry (DE) application documents above the prescribed price of N4000, have been sentenced to three years in prison each.
“Before the commencement of the sale of 2020,UTME/DE application documents on 13th January 2020 the sale outlets and their agents were adequately briefed by the Board on the cost and procedures for vending the ePINs. The price of the ePINS was fixed at N3500 while that of the Reading Text was N500 totalling N4000.
“A commission of N210 from the N3500 due to the Board is given to the sale outlets as a commission on each pin sold to motivate them as well as dissuade them from exploiting candidates.
“It would be recalled that the Federal Government, in a bid to lessen the burden on parents, had directed that the UTME application documents be sold at N3500 down from N5000 charged earlier.
“Therefore, it is rather unfortunate that in spite of all the warnings and appeals as well as the offer of a fat commission by the Board, some sale agents still deemed it fit to test the resolve of the Board and the Federal Government by doing the contrary.
“This conviction is only the first in the series of ongoing prosecution of cases in several courts of law across the country, and, as such, many more convictions are being expected in due course.
“All sale outlets and their agents charged with the vending of the ePINs are hereby warned, in their own interest, to desist from engaging in sharp practices or face the consequences.
“Anyone who sells the ePINs above the regulated price would certainly, be arrested and prosecuted as each ePIN comes with a unique identifier for ease of tracking.
“Similarly, candidates are also warned to desist from paying more than the prescribed price as they can be culpable of aiding and abetting corrupt acts.
“The Board also wish to inform the general public that it welcomes credible and actionable reports of persons or centres exploiting candidates by selling above the regulated price.”
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Home > Faculty Publications > Faculty Scholarship > 2593
Authors and Machines
Jane C. Ginsburg, Columbia Law School
Luke Ali Budiardjo, Columbia University, Law School
Full text of paper.
Machines, by providing the means of mass production of works of authorship, engendered copyright law. Throughout history, the emergence of new technologies tested the concept of authorship, and courts in response endeavored to clarify copyright’s foundational principles. Today, developments in computer science have created a new form of machine – the “artificially intelligent” system apparently endowed with “computational creativity” – that introduces challenging variations on the perennial question of what makes one an “author” in copyright law: Is the creator of a generative program automatically the author of the works her process begets, even if she cannot anticipate the contents of those works? Does the user of the program become the (or an) author of an output whose content the user has at least in part defined? This article frames these and similar questions that generative machines provoke as an opportunity to revisit the concept of copyright authorship in general and to illuminate its murkier corners. This article examines several fundamental relationships (between author and amanuensis, between author and tool, and between author and co-author) as well as several authorship anomalies (including the problem of “accidental” or “indeterminate” authorship) to unearth the basic principles and latent ambiguities which have nourished debates over the meaning of the “author” in copyright. We present an overarching and internally consistent model of authorship based on two basic pillars: a mental step (the conception of a work) and a physical step (the execution of a work), and define the contours of these basic pillars to arrive at a cohesive definition of authorship. We then apply the conception-and-execution theory of authorship to reach a series of conclusions about the question of machine “authorship.” We contend that even the most technologically advanced machines of our era are little more than faithful agents of the humans who design or use them. Asking whether a computer can be an author therefore is the “wrong” question; the “right” question addresses how to evaluate the authorial claims of the humans involved in either preparing or using the machines that “create.” We argue that in many cases, either the upstream human being who programs and trains a machine to produce an output, or the downstream human being who requests the output, is sufficiently involved in the conception and execution of the resulting work to claim authorship. But in some instances, the contributions of the human designer and user will be too attenuated from the work’s creation for either to qualify as “authors” – leaving the work “authorless.”
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Image by Mika Baumeister on Unsplash
Trump’s hydroxychloroquine theory came from a doctor who also believes in alien DNA and demon sperm
In July 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic had already spread around the world and people panicked (understandably so). Amidst this general anxiety, President Trump thought it would be a good idea to share his ‘little secret’ by promoting the use of hydroxychloroquine to ward off the virus. He explained that the malaria medication was only rejected as a COVID-19 treatment because he had recommended its use and that he was currently taking it himself. As a result, his own public health officials warned that the drug was in fact ineffective against coronavirus and could cause heart problems.
But Trump didn’t listen to them, instead, he took Houston-based doctor Stella Immanuel’s word for it by sharing a viral video of fringe doctors—Immanuel included—touting the controversial anti-malarial drug as “a cure for COVID.” The video, which also featured the doctors dismissing mask-wearing, was eventually taken down by Facebook for “sharing false information” about the virus, after racking up millions of views in a matter of hours.
That Breitbart video from the doctors claiming that Hydroxychloroquine cures the coronavirus has been going crazy in anti-vax, anti-mask, reopen Facebook Groups today. Its at >20 mil views on FB. And that doesn't include all the private groups it's been spreading through. pic.twitter.com/QJ8ocMf3aM
— Brandy Zadrozny (@BrandyZadrozny) July 28, 2020
Several right-wing outlets and personalities, however, continued to promote the clip of the doctors’ press conference on Twitter, eventually reaching the president’s timeline. Trump not only shared this video a couple of times on Twitter, but he also went on to share several other posts promoting hydroxychloroquine.
Trump then shared a tweet directly from Immanuel, one of the physicians who took part in the press conference. Immanuel, a paediatrician and a religious minister, has a history of making bizarre claims about medical topics and other issues. She has often claimed that gynaecological problems like cysts and endometriosis are in fact caused by people having sex in their dreams with demons and witches.
She also alleges alien DNA is currently used in medical treatments, and that scientists are cooking up a vaccine to prevent people from being religious. And, despite appearing in Washington, D.C. to lobby Congress on Monday, she has said that the government is run in part not by humans but by “reptilians” and other aliens. Immanuel also challenged CNN anchors and top infectious disease expert Dr Anthony Fauci to provide her with urine samples.
The right's new favorite pro-hydroxychloroquine doctor is somehow demolishing CNN anchors and Fauci by demanding to see their urine https://t.co/ycOUkUMCtp
— Will Sommer (@willsommer) July 28, 2020
In her viral speech on the steps of the Supreme Court, which was organised by the right-wing group Tea Party Patriots (which is backed by wealthy Republican donors), Immanuel alleged that she had successfully treated hundreds of patients with hydroxychloroquine. Studies failed to find proof that the drug had any benefit in treating COVID-19, and in June 2020, the FDA revoked its emergency authorisation to use it to treat the deadly virus, saying it hadn’t demonstrated any effect on patients’ mortality prospects.
“Nobody needs to get sick,” Immanuel said. “This virus has a cure.” She added that the supposed potency of hydroxychloroquine as a treatment means that protective face masks aren’t necessary, claiming that she and her staff had avoided contracting COVID-19 despite wearing medical masks instead of the more secure N95 masks.
Toward the end of her speech, the event’s organiser and other participants could be seen trying to get her away from the microphone. But footage of the speech captured by Breitbart was a hit online, becoming a top video on Facebook and amassing significantly more views than Plandemic, another coronavirus disinformation video that became a viral hit online in May.
Both Facebook and Twitter eventually deleted videos of Immanuel’s speech from their platforms, citing rules against COVID-19 disinformation. But Immanuel responded in her own way, declaring that Jesus Christ would destroy Facebook’s servers if her videos weren’t restored to the platform.
Hello Facebook put back my profile page and videos up or your computers with start crashing till you do. You are not bigger that God. I promise you. If my page is not back up face book will be down in Jesus name.
— Stella Immanuel MD (@stella_immanuel) July 28, 2020
Although it was never explicitly stated by Immanuel, one could only assume that she also believes in other major conspiracy theories such as Frazzledrip and QAnon. But among the other ludicrous medical claims the doctor has posted about online, two stood out.
In articles published on her website, Immanuel claims that medical issues like endometriosis, cysts, infertility, and impotence are caused by sex with “spirit husbands” and “spirit wives”—a phenomenon she describes as witches and demons having sex with people in a dreamworld.
“We call them all kinds of names—endometriosis, we call them molar pregnancies, we call them fibroids, we call them cysts, but most of them are evil deposits from the spirit husband. They are responsible for miscarriages, impotence—men that can’t get it up,” says Immanuel in her sermon.
She claims real-life ailments such as fibroid tumours and cysts stem from the demonic sperm after demon dream sex, an activity she claims affects “many women.” According to her, demons turn into women and then sleep with the man to collect his sperm. After that, the same demons turn into men and sleep with women to deposit the sperm collected previously and reproduce more of themselves.
The Daily Beast reports, “According to Immanuel, people can tell if they have taken a demonic spirit husband or spirit wife if they have a sex dream about someone they know or a celebrity, wake up aroused, stop getting along with their real-world spouse, lose money, or generally experience any hardship. Alternately, they could just be having dream-sex with a human witch instead of a demon, she posits.”
Sometimes, those spirits can be witches and not demons: “There are those that are called astral sex. That means this person is not really a demon being or a nephilim. It’s just a human being that’s a witch, and they astral project and sleep with people.”
And Immanuel’s strange claims don’t stop at sperm-stealing demons; in a sermon posted in 2015 that laid out a supposed Illuminati plan hatched by “a witch” to destroy the world using abortion, gay marriage, and children’s toys, Immanuel claimed that DNA from space aliens is currently being used in medicine.
In another video posted that same year, Immanuel claimed that scientists had plans to install microchips in people, and develop a “vaccine” to make it impossible to become religious. “They found the gene in somebody’s mind that makes you religious, so they can vaccinate against it,” Immanuel said.
Her wild claims extend to politics too, and the doctor has also claimed that “people that are ruling this nation are not even human,” describing them instead as “reptilian spirits” that are “half-human, half-ET.”
Her clear religious beliefs have also led her to promote anti-LGBT views. Shortly before the Supreme Court legalised gay marriage in the US, Immanuel warned her ‘followers’ that gay marriage meant that “very soon people are going to be seeking to marry children” and accused gay Americans of practising “homosexual terrorism.” She continued by praising a father’s decision to not love his transgender son after a gender transition.
“You know the crazy part?” Immanuel said. “The little girl demands he must love her anyway. Really? You will not get it from me, I’d be like ‘Little girl, when you come back to be a little girl again, but you talk—for now, I’m gone.’”
The cherry on top? Immanuel has praised corporal punishment for children. “Children need to be whipped,” she declared in a 2015 sermon, before adding that she didn’t think children should be “abused.”
As worrying as Immanuel’s claims sound, this should be a reminder of exactly what Trump supporters choose to believe in and proclaim online. My aim is not to attack Immanuel personally but more to highlight the important part Trump played in the spread of lies and conspiracy theories. 20 January can’t come soon enough.
Mr President I’m in town and available. I will love to meet with you.
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Image by Karítas Sigvaldadóttir
Why are QAnon and other conspiracy theorists so obsessed with the Adrenochrome drug?
What is Adrenochrome?
Adrenochrome is an easy-to-access chemical compound usually found as a light pink solution, which is produced by the oxidation of adrenaline (the stress hormone). While doctors in other countries sometimes prescribe a version of the drug to slow blood loss by promoting clotting in open wounds, Adrenochrome is not approved for medical use by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Only researchers are allowed to buy 25 milligrams of it for just £50 or 250 milligrams for £304.
Adrenochrome’s ties to QAnon and Pizzagate
Although the so-called ‘Adrenochrome harvesting’ long predates these groups, the compound has now become a favourite topic of the interconnected QAnon, Frazzledrip and Pizzagate conspiracy theories. The conspiracy theory resurrected during the COVID-19 pandemic when Google Trends saw significant spikes in searches for adrenochrome in March and June of 2020.
Remember Q, the ‘well-sourced government agent’ who first started leaking top-secret intel about a global cabal of Democratic and Hollywood paedophiles through cryptic messages known as ‘Q-drops’, which were first posted on 4chan, 8chan and 8kun? Well, by first introducing other users to his conspiracy theory, Q also started something bigger: communities of believers started growing, one QAnon follower stumbled upon the theory of ‘Adrenochrome harvesting’ and shared it with more conspiracy theorists.
The earliest recorded posts about Adrenochrome harvesting on 4chan’s /x/ and /pol/ boards were posted in 2013 and 2014 respectively. According to Wired, in the antisemitic 4chan /pol/ thread, an anonymous poster linked a restricted, unsearchable video titled Jew Ritual BLOOD LIBEL Sacrifice is #ADRENOCHROME Harvesting. It is within these exact same online communities that Pizzagate formalised and grew in 2015 before spreading to more mainstream social media and leading to Frazzledrip and QAnon.
In 2016, this same video was shared in a Pizzagate thread about the artist Marina Abromovich and her ‘spirit cooking’ ceremonies. The next several months saw more wild claims appear online about the compound, such as the idea that the Pixar film Monsters Inc. was a cryptic reference to Adrenochrome harvesting and proof of Hollywood ‘telling on itself’. As some Pizzagate adherents first joined the burgeoning QAnon community in 2017, they brought the Adrenochrome conspiracy with them.
Today, QAnon is one of the biggest conspiracy theories ever—thanks in part to the tacit encouragement of Donald Trump. According to The Daily Beast, in August 2020, a QAnon promoter named Marjorie Taylor Greene won 57 per cent of the vote in a Republican primary for Georgia’s 14th congressional district, all but ensuring her victory in November.
“There’s a once-in-a-lifetime opportunity to take this global cabal of Satan-worshiping paedophiles out, and I think we have the president to do it,” Greene once said in a video from 2017. President Trump applauded Greene’s primary victory…
What do QAnon conspiracy theorists believe about Adrenochrome harvesting?
For conspiracy theorists, Adrenochrome represents a mystical psychedelic favoured by the global elites for drug-crazed satanic rites, which would be derived from torturing children to harvest their hormonal fear. See where the link to Monsters Inc. came from now?
It’s this exact same idea that the Frazzledrip conspiracy theory is based on. In 2018, when Google’s CEO Sundar Pichai was questioned by the House Judiciary Committee about Frazzledrip, it was explained that it initially came from a mythical video, supposedly taken from Anthony Weiner’s laptop, that if leaked, would show Hillary Clinton and her one-time aide Huma Abedin performing a satanic sacrifice in which they drank a child’s blood while wearing masks carved from the skin of the kid’s face.
This non-existent video was supposedly depicting Adrenochrome harvest. Of course, it never materialised, but the drug has since become a common reference in conspiracies of the far right. 3In the past year, the compound has been name-checked by German soul singer Xavier Naidoo, right-wing evangelical and failed congressional candidate Dave Daubenmire, and ex-tabloid writer-turned-QAnon conspiracy theorist Liz Crokin,” says The Daily Beast.
The theory is prevalent on TikTok, YouTube, and Instagram. Reddit even had to ban a dedicated Adrenochrome subreddit on 30 July 2020. In a YouTube video posted in March 2020 by Crokin, the QAnon conspiracy theorist said, “Adrenochrome is a drug that the elites love. It comes from children. The drug is extracted from the pituitary gland of tortured children. It’s sold on the black market. It’s the drug of the elites. It is their favourite drug. It is beyond evil. It is demonic. It is so sick. So there is a theory that the white hats tainted the adrenochrome supply with the coronavirus.” The video has since then been deleted.
The rise of conspiracy theories has enabled the rapid growth of anti-vaxxers communities, COVID-19 disinformation, and the prevalence of the Adrenochrome harvesting theory. And who is to blame for those? No one in particular, although social media and search engines play an important role in this incredibly rapid spread.
Until recently, Adrenochrome was so unimportant that not many websites were competing to rank first for the term. Scientists, journalists, or academics—sources that can be trusted—didn’t write much about the compound. As a result, conspiracy theorists managed to completely take over the searches for anything related to Adrenochrome, flooding the internet with false information.
Pizzagate, Frazzledrip and QAnon encourage newcomers to Google obscure phrases designed to lead down rabbit holes. This takes them to obscure publications or reports that were not penalised by the search engine because they managed to slip through the cracks. New conspiracies spread effortlessly across platforms via hashtags and comments, but also because they usually use part of the truth.
The truth in conspiracy theories
“The most effective conspiracy theories are built around kernels of truth,” wrote Brian Friedberg in Wired. Take Pizzagate for example, which promotes the idea that references to food and a pizza restaurant located in Washington DC in the stolen emails of Clinton’s campaign manager were actually a secret code for a child trafficking ring. It wasn’t, but Clinton did go regularly to the pizza restaurant in question.
The same can be said for Adrenochrome; the compound clearly exists, and it even was frequently used by the writers Aldous Huxley and Hunter S. Thompson, who were both big fans of mind-altering substances. Huxley described it as a clue that was “being systematically followed.”
Scientific interest in the drug dates back to the 1950s, when Canadian researchers Humphry Osmond and Abram Hoffer developed what they called the “Adrenochrome Hypothesis.” After a series of small studies between 1952 and 1954, the two concluded that excess Adrenochrome could trigger symptoms of schizophrenia.
In 1971, Thompson published his book Fear and Loathing in Las Vegas. In it, the writer casts adrenochrome as a psychedelic that must be violently extracted from human glands. This scene appears in Terry Gilliam’s 1998 film adaptation of the book. On YouTube, a clip of Johnny Depp’s character taking adrenochrome has more than 2 million views, as well as thousands of comments referencing the conspiracy.
“They put the truth right in front of our faces to mock us,” reads one of the top comments, while another user commented, “I would bet that the ‘pure adrenochrome industry’ and the disappearance of about 400,000 children a year, are connected.”
The compound’s supposedly psychedelic properties have been debunked in part by Thompson himself who reportedly told Gilliam that he had invented its effects. Regardless of that, Thompson was mentioned in the earliest recorded posts about adrenochrome harvesting on 4chan mentioned previously. From there, the conspiracy theory surrounding the drug just took off.
Adrenochrome’s comeback during the COVID-19 pandemic
Although Adrenochrome had been surrounded by a slew of misinformation for many decades already, 2020 was the year it skyrocketed. As the COVID-19 pandemic began, it created an unprecedented level of mistrust and anxiety about inequality. This opened society to all kinds of conspiratorial thinking, especially to medical misinformation.
In March 2020, interest in the drug first spiked after people got upset that celebrities and athletes seemed to have access to testing while most people did not. Shortly after that, attitudes to proposed treatments against the virus became politically polarised, and at the same time, the US saw a rise in mainstream conservative acknowledgement of QAnon as well as some Republican candidates signalling their attachment to the movement.
The damage was done. QAnon conspiracy theorists (and many other people online) believe that a huge amount of celebrities have come down with COVID-19 due to a tainted batch of adrenochrome, and there’s no way to convince them otherwise.
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Singaporeans no longer hold the most powerful passport in the world
By Mae Yen Yap 1 year
The 2020 Henley Passport Index was released yesterday and it's official.
The Singaporean passport has been overtaken from its throne of being one of the world's most powerful passport in 2019, returning to its previous 2018 position of second place.
Which country's passport solely dominates the rankings now you ask? It's Japan.
According to the Henley Passport Index, which uses data from the International Air Transport Association (IATA) to rank all passports across the globe according to the number of destinations a passport holder can access without a prior visa, the latest report revealed that Japan is now the sole most powerful passport once again.
Japan has consistently ranked top place since 2018. Since 2016, it has always ranked within the top 6 positions.
Here are the results of this year's analysis.
IMAGE: 2020 Henley Passport Index
The top 3 positions continue to be dominated by Asian countries. Japan is at first place with access to 191 countries without having to apply for prior visa, Singapore at second with access to 190 countries, and South Korea tied with Germany for 3rd place with access to 189 countries.
The difference that led to Japan and Singapore's ranking is that Japanese passport holders have visa on arrival access to Saudi Arabia, while Singapore passport holders do not.
The next most powerful Asian passport is Malaysia that's tied with Liechtenstein for 14th place with access to 178 countries.
So there you have it folks!
If you're looking to travel, make sure to check the visa requirement for your destination. You never know when visa requirements may change.
Cover image sourced from Today Online and CNN Travel.
TOPICS: Travel, asia, passport, Travel Guide, Culture
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Gordon Ramsay is about to open his first Malaysian restaurant
Uncle Roger gets slammed for pandering to China's government
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About my new gig
A Microsoft VP once told me, "In the world of business, there are Pioneers and there are Settlers. Microsoft needs both." I’ve always gravitated toward the startup opportunities within Microsoft. A few years ago, I was given the opportunity to help take a fledgling technology called, "WPF/E", name it, brand it, and launch it as "Silverlight", with my team. The response has been phenomenal, with over 1M downloads/day and a developed balance of features for RIA-focused and Media-focused features.
A number of months ago, I learned of a new opportunity that what right in my wheelhouse of consumer-focused digital media as a steward of user experiences in the Entertainment and Devices Division as Director of Product Planning for Ad-funded Experiences. Looking back on the most personally rewarding times of my career so far, I’ve most enjoyed building teams that focus on the user experience, and deliver "free stuff" for consumers. One could argue my first attempt there was developing the original XP Digital Media Fun Pack and Powertoys, many of which included a small sponsorship message. Following the acquisitions of aQuantive, ScreenTonic, and Massive Inc., it became clear to me where opportunity intersects with my personal interests. Put another way, working on the Silverlight platform and seeing so many cool apps developed helped me to realize I missed having a hand in building consumer products myself. It/s hard to leave the amazing leadership of Scott Guthrie, Soma and so many friends, but I’m not going far.
So what does the job involve? It starts with working with many of the teams in Entertainment & Devices – Zune, Mobile, Xbox, and more to identify market opportunities where the consumer wins and brand advertisers get impressions. This is a new area and we’re going to step lightly and take feedback as we did with over 10M enthusiasts on Xbox Live who regularly download free add-ons for their games – Map packs, cars, tracks, and even feature-length movies sponsored by brand-name companies like McDonald’s, Frito-Lay, Nissan, Ford, Nike, and many others. The question is can we do the same thing for more media types and devices. In a nutshell, that’s my job – to put the fun in ad-funded entertainment experiences.
And I’m hiring. More on that later 🙂
Blogging Devices Diversions Gaming Rich Media Silverlight Tech Television Windows Media Work XP Media Center
7 Replies to “About my new gig”
Congrats, sounds like a interesting roll. One request please consider international markets, all to often interesting services roll out for US only (like Internet TV in Media Center)
Alexander Grundner says:
Nice to see the progression in your career at Microsoft, Sean. There’s no doubt that you’ll be a phenomenal leader in the Entertainment & Devices division. The potential for free ad-supported content through Microsoft’s various entertainment platforms seems huge. Best of luck!
Brandon LeBlanc says:
Great to finally get the low-down on what you’ve been up too lately! Congrats on the position and REALLY look forward to what you get out the door in the future 🙂
Schindler says:
Oha… I have one major wish which would make customers happy… add dvd streaming to the xbox360… specially if you have kids then you know the problem with scratched dvds…
Offbeatmammal says:
… and not a bad "opening" with Advance08 😉
Good luck in your new role, but don’t forget home automation (lights, locks, remote monitoring, etc), all from the comfort of my TV with a remote…
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Advice during heavy rainfall and potential flooding
Retained Shropshire firefighters were called to Rotherham as part of a UK firefighting team to prevent a dam from bursting its banks and deluging three nearby villages with flood water.
Motorists should not attempt to drive through flooded...
Shropshire fire crews race to Rotheram floods
In a race against time, firefighters from across the...
Garden bonfires warning
Gardeners are being advised to recycle their garden waste in a bid to reduce the number of out of control bonfires in Shropshire.
Firefighters attended more than 200 emergency calls which turned out to be garden bonfires last year.
Shropshire's anti arson show
More than 1,500 Shropshire school children have watched a "spine tingling" stage production which has successfully got over vital anti arson messages.
Deliberate fires increase in the county during the school holidays and with Summer fast...
Fire Crew's UK charity challenge
Shropshire firefighters enjoy a challenge. That's why a team of eight from Shropshire Fire and Rescue Service are getting ready to climb Britain's three highest peaks in just 24 hours - and it's all for charity.
In total the firefighters...
Sally climbs Snowdon
Sally Barnett has already "climbed a mountain" in recovering from a horseriding accident which broke her back so scaling the heights of Snowdon for real will be a walk in the park for the 35-year-old fire control operator at Shropshire Fire and...
A Father's Day gift
Shropshire retained firefighter Trevor Williams has been given the best Father's Day present imaginable - the gift of knowing that he has helped his very ill son on the road to recovery by donating him a kidney.
The successful father to...
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English 1102: Television and Feminism
Dr. Casey Alane Wilson • Georgia Institute of Technology
Tag: Eddie huang
How Cinematography in Fresh Off the Boat leads to an Upbeat Environment
By Matthew Pleskow
In Review Topic 3, Uncategorized
The Cinematography in Fresh Off the Boat, similar to the rest of the sitcom genre, lends itself to a very upbeat and cheerful environment. The combination of bright, warm, colors and quick cuts creates a pleasant, lighthearted, atmosphere.
Color in cinematography serves as a valuable tool in portraying how the audience feels. Lighting and color are a huge aspect in the emotion of a scene, and through the use of bright colors, the show invites the audience to feel comforted and happy. For example, the Huang’s house is painted a bright yellow or white in most places and the blinds are always open. In Season 2 Episode 10, the Huangs celebrate Christmas, and to communicate this idea of warmth and family, there is not a single dark scene. The few scenes shot at night have bright lights illuminating it. This episode is especially bright in comparison to the rest of the season because it wants to communicate the happy feeling of family and togetherness .
Christmas at the Huangs
Cutting quickly between the actors talking also creates a faux excitement and energy that keeps the audience engaged. Whenever a character talks, the camera hard cuts to them with no transition. The camera keeps the characters face in full shot while they are talking, seemingly used to create a sort of intimacy between the audience and the characters. The show is also shot in single-camera, following the characters as they move around. This parallels the fast paced plot of the show, as the audience quickly follows each characters and their sub plots. Specifically in the episode about Christmas, the cuts are abundantly clear when the kids are arguing about presents to get their parents and the camera quickly shifts between each of the kids as they each but in to the conversation.
Eddie in close view
Overall, the cinematography in the show perfectly sets the scene for how the directors want the audience to feel through the use of bright colors and lighting and quick cuts.
Fresh Outta Film School
By Bailey Moore
In Review Topic 3
Fresh Off the Boat has a fresh visual design. The colors are bright, the cuts are quick, and the color scheme is warm. This show is so wholesome that it even reflects in the visual design. The colors are warm schemed, reflecting the warmth of the show and the inviting characters as the series wants to display their family dynamic. This has the effect of carrying over the program’s lightheartedness. There are no gloomy days, dark scenes, or special effects in the show. It is very clean cut and looks bright and cheery even when nighttime scenes are shown.
fight like sisters, love like sisters
The show has mostly longer scenes, with a plotline falling over an average to long timeframe, but shots are quick and clean. Conversations between characters are shot with quick cuts between each perspective, ping-ponging between lines of dialogue. Every once in a while scenes are shot differently, like the opening of Episode 7, when the Huang’s are in a mock robbery scene. The opening of the showtimes special edits with riffs and music. The narration is paired with shots, especially when narrating the thoughts of multiple characters at a time, which the show does often. These long takes help the development of the show by allowing for longer jokes and humor with better punchlines and more drama between the characters. Scene 7 also shows a fantasy of Eddie Huang wanting to hit on his crush, who he is intimidated by, by showing her his music taste. In this scene, he gets up to walk back to her and enters a fantasy edit with backup dancers and an autotuned bus driver. More intimate scenes, like one on one conversations between the mom and dad, are shot closer up, leading you into the conversation as if you were there. If it weren’t shot this close, it would feel as though you are observing something private, and may lose engagement with viewers.
the way they look at each other <3
I find the intro of the show interesting cinematographically because it uses unique panning styles and zooms not used in the actual showtime. In the title sequence as well as most of Eddie’s scenes, the music is paired with the style of the shot. Zooms have riffs, sexy scenes have jazz, happy scenes have elevator music and Eddie’s got his 2pac. Is this show Straight Outta Compton or Straight Outta Suburbia?
Does hip hop make him supreme – or is it all a scheme?
By Sofia Soto-Tredunlo
One of my favorite parts about Fresh off the Boat are the voice overs. Eddie Huang, a middle schooler, narrates the first and final scene of every episode, but as an older post-pubescent man. As the main character, he is telling the story from his perspective and how he views the plot. Therefore, this implies that this is how Eddie sees himself. This is just a hilarious ploy by the writers to me.
The voice of this character is unique to say the least. He reflects Eddie’s love of hip hop by using popular slang terms, because those terms are ~cool~. The speech used by this narrator is based off the speech of the popular hip hop artists who act as Eddie’s role models. The voice drastically contrasts with the voice of the real Eddie Huang which is high pitched, and the slang terms don’t sound quite as natural, because he’s a little kid. When Eddie uses the same slang it looks like a kid who is pretending to be cool when in reality he’s not, but the narration voice really is. Again, what this says about Eddie is that he genuinely believes he’s really cool.
This says a lot about Eddie’s character. Eddie’s character struggles to make friends. He is often rejected by the kids at school. In season 1 episode 5, the episode starts out by Eddie narrating how he doesn’t get invited to any sleepovers. This statement alone is a bit odd, considering the narrator is an adult and adults don’t exactly have sleepovers (in the traditional sense of the term…). The narrator continues by saying he was “mad siked” about getting invited to the sleepover which is something a ~cool~ person would say. And then the shot pans to Eddie, a small pudgy middle schooler who lacks in eyebrows (no offense Eddy, still love you). Despite this you might start thinking Eddie was actually a cool kid, because he finally got invited to a sleepover and was making friends. But again, the show reminds us that he is not. The next shot is of Eddie’s mom telling Eddie that there is “no way” he’s going to that sleepover. Again we’re reminded that he’s just a little awkward kid (again no offense).
I mean look at him… his cheeks are so chubby.. he has baby fat!
This really just serves as a constant reminder that people view themselves as a little bit cooler than we actually are. Not just kids, adults too. If the joke didn’t apply to adults, it wouldn’t be funny. Obviously low self esteem is a real thing, but the way we view ourselves is never exactly how the outside world views us.
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#1102Fem #annotatedbibliography #ENGL1102 #ENGL1102tvfem #English1102TVFem #firstblogpost #gender #genderrepresentation #georgiatech #GreysAnatomy #JessicaJones #Sense8 #televisionandfeminism #theboldtype #unbreakablekimmyschmidt #westworld #wynonnaearp 1102tvfem annotated bibliography cinematography Comedy Crazy Ex-Girlfriend Culture english English 1102 family feminism Fresh off the Boat freshofftheboat gender representation Grey's Anatomy introduction Netflix New Girl newgirl oitnb Orange Is the New Black representation television The Bold Type theme tv women WOVEN writing
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How climate skeptics mislead
Posted on 13 June 2010 by John Cook
In science, the only thing better than measurements made in the real world are multiple sets of measurements – all pointing to the same answer. That’s what we find with climate change. The case for human caused global warming is based on many independent lines of evidence. Our understanding of climate comes from considering all this evidence. In contrast, global warming skepticism focuses on narrow pieces of the puzzle while neglecting the full picture.
What is the full picture? Humans are emitting around 30 billion tonnes of carbon dioxide into the air every year. This is leaving a distinct human fingerprint:
From space and the Earth’s surface, we see more heat being trapped by carbon dioxide
Nights are warming faster than days
The upper atmosphere is cooling while the lower atmosphere is warming
Signs of warming are found all over the globe (here are just a few):
Ice sheets are melting
Sea levels are rising
Biological changes in tens of thousands of species
Glaciers are retreating
Seasons are shifting
Species are becoming extinct
On the question of human caused global warming, there’s not just a consensus of scientists – there’s a consensus of evidence. In the face of an overwhelming body of evidence, the most common approach of climate skepticism is to focus on narrow pieces of data while neglecting the full picture.
Let's look at an example. One popular skeptic argument has been to cast doubt on the surface temperature record. Skeptics claim thermometers are unreliable because surroundings can influence the reading. They reinforce this by showing photo after photo of weather stations positioned near warming influences like air conditioners, barbeques and carparks. The Skeptics Handbook goes so far as to say "the main 'cause' of global warming is air conditioners".
This myopic approach fails to recognise that air conditioners aren't melting the ice sheets. Carparks aren't causing the sea levels to rise and glaciers to retreat. The thousands of biological changes being observed all over the world aren't happening because someone placed a weather station near an air conditioner. When you step back and survey the full array of evidence, you see inescapable evidence of warming happening throughout our planet.
Our understanding of climate doesn't come from a single line of evidence. We use multiple sets of measurements, using independent methods, to further our understanding. Satellites find similar temperature trends to thermometer measurements. This is despite the fact that no carpark or barbeque has ever been found in space. Prominent skeptic Roy Spencer (head of the team that collects the satellite data) concluded about the HadCRUT surface record:
“Frankly our data set agrees with his, so unless we are all making the same mistake we’re not likely to find out anything new from the data anyway"
Our climate is changing and we are a major cause through our emissions of greenhouse gases. Considering all the facts about climate change is essential for us to understand the world around us, and to make informed decisions about the future.
Comments 1 to 50 out of 229:
MattJ at 09:17 AM on 13 June, 2010
This article is good, but I think it misses at least one important point. True, other lines of evidence do support global warming, but scientists did themselves and the world a disservice by such sloppy methods for gathering surface temperature data. The sarcastic rejoinder "global warming is caused by air conditioning", is all too potent a tool for a political PR slogan. Remember: science alone cannot stop global warming. Radical political action is needed as well. Such action will happen: the question is whether it will happen now, with little bloodshed, or later, with massive bloodshed and loss of life due to emerging diseases and vanishing habitat.
ProfMandia at 09:19 AM on 13 June, 2010
John, It is a good idea that you keep recycling this theme lest some get lost in the straws. I keep stating that there are three conclusions: 1) An overwhelming majority of international climate experts agree about much of the tenets of AGW and are honest. 2) An overwhelming majority of international climate experts are ignorant about their own expertise in a sudden and collective manner. (Claims of group think included.) 3) These scientists have all agreed to conspire to delude the billions of folks on the planet and just a very tiny percentage of them (and mostly oil-funded and unpublished) are trying to save us all from this mass hoax. Common sense and a sense of probability should lead one to the likely correct choice above. Scott A. Mandia, Professor of Physical Sciences Selden, NY My Global Warming Blog
Berényi Péter at 09:38 AM on 13 June, 2010
neglecting the full picture Scientific approach is not about pictures and it is definitely not holistic. Whenever pieces of the full picture don't withstand analytic scrutiny, those pieces should be abandoned, even if they seem to be consistent with multiple lines of evidence. This is the nature of the scientific method. Techniques suggested by the way people contemplate on Rorschach figures may be indispensable heuristic tools, but as soon as a hypothesis is formed, one should switch from vision to cold logic.
penguindreams at 09:50 AM on 13 June, 2010
I like E. O. Wilson's term consilience. Evidence converges towards one conclusion from a wide variety of directions. Any given line (every line) has some possibilities for error. But those possibilities and routes of error are different between the different lines. There is consilience between lines of evidence as wildly different as sea level, global thermometer networks, and the times of flowers blooming in the spring. (And many, many, more.) They all have sources of error, but each source of error could as easily point to cooling as warming. Yet there is consilience that the earth is warming. mattj: I haven't read a lot of the 19th century literature about collecting surface air temperatures and sea surface temperatures, but some. I think it's quite a stretch to condemn people 100 years ago for not having collected their data in ways that we in 2010 wish they would have. If you read their work, they were clearly trying to collect the best possible observations, in the best possible way, as they understood it at the time, and for the purposes they were collecting the data at the time. 30, 70, 130 years later, we're trying to do different things with the data, in different ways. That's our problem. Calling them 'sloppy' for not anticipating our interests and methods doesn't strike me as fair to anybody, or useful for anything.
villabolo at 09:59 AM on 13 June, 2010
John Cook says: "Skeptics claim thermometers are unreliable because surroundings can influence the reading. They reinforce this by showing photo after photo of weather stations positioned near warming influences like air conditioners, barbeques and carparks. The Skeptics Handbook goes so far as to say "the main 'cause' of global warming is air conditioners"." I remember in grade school seeing a wall unit air conditioner running full blast on a hot summer day with a shimmering appearance right outside the window that gave the impression of something rising up right from behind the A/C. That was the hot air exhaust. The fact is that hot air rises immediately, not after it travels 20 or more feet horizontally to swirl around the thermometer.
Dan at 10:04 AM on 13 June, 2010
It is hard to worry much about "sloppy" surface data weather collection when we see results like this: http://www.skepticalscience.com/Is-the-US-Surface-Temperature-Record-Reliable.html Quote: "The work of surfacestations.org is useful in clarifying one point - microsite influence has imparted little to no warming bias in the U.S. temperature record."
Keep up the good work. You're doing a great service. By the way, another common method (this is not news, I'm sure) by which climate skeptics mislead is by bluffing credentials and experience. It is as effective as twisting facts, but safer, because they are rarely challenged. People are too busy and too aware of their own lack of science training to find out things. It is usually fairly effective to believe an expert. So, self-appointed climate rebels who feel that AGW is all a hoax spend a fair bit of their argument with falsehoods about their own positions as "renowned" scientists, the smartest and the first, etc., when the opposite is usually true. The British have a good word for it: puffery. A complete nobody in climate science can look into the TV camera and say "I am one of the few people qualified to speak about climate change", and people believe the next malarkey that comes out of his mouth. Amazing. The deniers get away with arguing from (falsely attributed) authority because the future of the planet is not important enough for the rest of us to challenge personal claims. That could be embarrassing.
Tenney Naumer at 10:49 AM on 13 June, 2010
This is an excellent post because it is both clear and succinct.
Marcus at 11:08 AM on 13 June, 2010
@ Dan (post #7). I think This video really highlights the point you're making about people padding their resumes to make themselves sound more credible on this issue. Like the guy says (ok, so I'm paraphrasing here)-"would you go see a GP to get brain surgery done? NO-then why do we trust weathermen or Classics Graduates for their OPINIONS on climate change?"
#6 Dan at 10:04 AM on 13 June, 2010 It is hard to worry much about "sloppy" surface data No, it is not hard. Just criticism is largely misplaced. The Global Average Urban Heat Island Effect in 2000 Estimated from Station Temperatures and Population Density Data by Roy W. Spencer, Ph. D. You can see, as UHI is roughly proportional to the logarithm of population density, the problem gets really serious only with stations in the least densely populated areas. UHI effect is roughly logarithmic with ΔT = 0.23×log(0.66×d) where d is local population density per km2. As global population density between 1900 and 2008 has increased fourfold, in first approximation this effect alone can explain about a 0.23×log(4) ~ 0.32°C increase in global average surface temperature during this period as measured by meteorological stations. However, as relative abundance of stations flagged rural in GHCN has increased recently, the actual figure must be higher (because at low population density the curve is steeper). Not much warming is left.
David Horton at 11:26 AM on 13 June, 2010
"Not much warming is left. " Phew, there's a relief. But how do I explain that to the glaciers?
#11 David Horton at 11:26 AM on 13 June, 2010 how do I explain that to the glaciers? No need to explain them, they are not sentient. Just filter out soot from smoke.
Uncle Pete at 12:10 PM on 13 June, 2010
Actually air conditioners do at least contribute to global warming, as most of them are in the US and they suck up untold Megawatts of electric power , which in turn is mainly generated by coalfired powerstations. :)
mothincarnate at 12:10 PM on 13 June, 2010
That's more or less my general argument; that there are so many lines of evidence and impacts that the argument of AGW is pointless, meaningless and provokes inaction in the face of so many issues. One thing that I'd like to say, however; I wouldn't say that "species are becoming extinct". More accurate would be to say that current extinction rates are being further exaggerated by climate change. We know that our land change use is already having a massive impact on biodiversity, but with climate change impacting on distribution (tending to shift further from the equator) and ecological cues (ie. first bloom, nesting etc), this is having a detrimental effect on species and community fitness. Then acidification of surface waters... These are happening, regardless of the first comment here "not much warming is left" of which I'm happy to provide a list of papers. Cheers, Tim
ProfMandia at 13:17 PM on 13 June, 2010
Berényi Péter: How much has the population grown over the oceans? Must be a lot of UHI there because T trends over those regions are pretty close to those over land. Why does this dead horse keeping trying to get up? Scott A. Mandia, Professor of Physical Sciences Selden, NY My Global Warming Blog
thingadonta at 13:30 PM on 13 June, 2010
Your argument still misses the point. Skeptics are primarily concerned about exageration. Even the more extreme skeptics concede that c02 causes warming, the question is how much (negative /positive feedbacks), and that necessarily means exageration on various levels is a key issue. They key quesiton is overall climate sensitivity, and urban surface temperatures, for example, are being used to bolster up higher climate sensitivity estimates and formulate policy. Urban heat islands are not melting glaciers, but skeptics contend that glaciers are melting largely naturally, and superficially enhanced urban surface temperatures are being used to falsely bolster the case for higher climate sensitivity. There is another isuse skeptics are concerned about which your arguemnt doesn't mention or understand in the slightest. I would call it a 'manufactured' or 'superficial consensus'. Now before you stop reading, this doesnt mean conspiracy, it is simply human bias, or noble cause corruption. Some people's basic philosophical position is to bring 'order' and 'consensus' to a chaotic world, but skeptics contend this can be a dangerous or two-sided basic philosophical foundation, because inconsistency and disorder (chaos) is a fundamental principle of both nature and society, which means it is very easy for a 'manufactured consensus' to ignore the scientific reality (change/disoder/chaos). Skeptics contend that 'manufactured consensus' goes on all the time, and is very dfficult to eliminate, as in "The Hithchikers Guide to the Galaxy" when two war lords are at the table and one of them mutters something which turns out to be offensive to the other's mother without realising it, and all out war in unleashed. It happens (almost) without intent. Skeptics contend that claiming a 'consensus of evidence' with current climate data is a form of noble cause distortion/corruption. Whenever something crops up which doensn't fit the model, some research is carried out which inevitably comes up with an angle which 'makes' it fit, but in many cases such a 'fit' is entirely ambiguous. The bandwagon followers then proclaim, 'it turns out that is supports strong AGW etc etc', when the data makes no such conclusion. Skeptics contend this happens frequently. Therefore, there is no 'consenus of evidence', and overall climate sensitivity is still rightly debated. People in other fields such as anthrolopolgy and physics understand this process a bit better it seems. No one claims that 'dark matter' for example is a given because the data is still ambiguous. Anthrolopoloigsts consistenly find bones of hominids exactly fitting the model they were trying to prove, until somone finds another set of bones which leads to a different interpretation. They accept this sort of human bias, but they dont want to change the economy because of it. Becuase of this frequent distortion of 'consensus', skeptics are always trying to pick holes and weaknesses in the arguments, which is entirely reasonable given the process of human bias above. But your argument suggests all such is misguided. We should trust the funding and peer review process, the scientists. I think the diasgreements come from a different perspective of basic human nature, and a learned lack of faith in the current peer review process. I'll give some concrete examples, off the top of my head. There is no evidence that volcanism was stronger in the Cretaceous and that is why the c02 levels were higher and T was warmer. It is a superficial consensus focred to fit into the 'model'. Possibilities ignored include continental configuration and changes to ocean currents. There is no evidence that oceans acidified dramatically fast during mass extinction events and coral reefs collapsed in short periods of time, the process appears to be very slow, meaning we don't know how ocean chemistry responds to very short term c02 rises. Evidence ignored includes the oceans not diverging more than 0.6pH in the last 300 million years, which implies they are strongly buffered to c02 changes (eg dissolution/precipitaiton of carbonate sediments in the subsurface, which is larger in area than all the worlds coastal shelfs). To say that coral reefs will 'become eroding structures in 30 years' by ignoring this sort of doubt is simply following a constantly manufactured consensus. I am not using these examples as particually good examples of underlying doubts, just examples of where ambiguous data is made/manufactured to fit into a general model. It goes on all the time. We dont know cloud cover during the Little Ice Age or the MWP and how this affected T. We dont know overall climate sensitvity. Many other examples could be given. Skeptics will continue to focus on small pieces, big pieces, the big picture and the small picture, for as long as there is human bias, and until we have very strong confidence in overall climate sensivity, which even the politically charged, 'we exagerate for political reasons' IPCC, is unsure about.
Sean A at 14:44 PM on 13 June, 2010
We've got multiple, independent sources of temperature data, both surface and satellite based, that are in pretty good agreement. Objectively, the trend is significant warming. So can we at least agree that global warming is real?
monckhausen at 14:50 PM on 13 June, 2010
Skeptics do mislead. That's a real oxymoron - a very kind labelling of somebody who cheats but expects people like us and the scientists to play by the rules. Derek, FoGT
citizenschallenge at 15:02 PM on 13 June, 2010
MattJ #1 You are doing the scientists a disservice - it is not like they are the ones that located those weather stations. There were other entities doing that and many of those station were established before global climate became a central issue. Another red herring! ~ ~ ~~ ~ ~ ~ The scientist worked with the data available to them -
thingadonta, it doesn't seem like you understand how science works. Bias gets filtered out. Results are independently replicated and verified&mdash if they're not, they get tossed out. Good scientists are highly skeptical and put ideas "through the wringer" before *cautiously* starting to accept them as possible, provisional descriptions of reality. Nothing is ever "settled" in science, if new data comes along, or a better explanation that fits the data, the old ideas get tossed out the window. What you've described is nothing like science. Science is not about "consensus building". That sounds like politics, or simply personal opinion. The IPCC is decidedly conservative. Their conclusions are toned down, not exaggerated.
penguindreams I really like how you explained that so I'm going to repeat it (the rest of your post also made sense.) ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ at 09:50 AM on 13 June, 2010 I like E. O. Wilson's term consilience. Evidence converges towards one conclusion from a wide variety of directions. Any given line (every line) has some possibilities for error. But those possibilities and routes of error are different between the different lines. There is consilience between lines of evidence as wildly different as sea level, global thermometer networks, and the times of flowers blooming in the spring. (And many, many, more.) They all have sources of error, but each source of error could as easily point to cooling as warming. Yet there is consilience that the earth is warming.
Philippe Chantreau at 16:33 PM on 13 June, 2010
BP, that blog post from Spencer seems to be only a blog post. Is it published? If not, why not? Considering it is not open for comments, it is conveniently shielding itself from even "blog review." If that's all there is to it, I am unimpressed. What does real science say about UHI and how it's dealt with in the data? Doesn't SkS have a post on that, linking real science papers? Why would it deserve less credence than Spencer's? How much scrutiny have you applied (as a genuine skeptic would) to this blog post? As much as you do to so-called "pro-AGW" peer-reviewed science articles? You cite it but do not provide any kind of critical analysis, where is your skepticism? What exactly is the "warm bias" on the graph and how is it calculated? How does this explain the SST increase? Thingadonta has a very wordy post that equally fails to impress me. Skeptics are concerned with exaggeration eh? What does one find on skeptic blogs? Stuff like this: http://wattsupwiththat.com/2010/05/25/the-western-snowpack-is-137-of-normal/ Averaging percentages, without giving it much thought. Talk about exaggeration. How convenient. What would happen if so-called "pro-AGW" serious sites like RC did the same kind of abysmally stupid maths? Oh, the uproar. But, of course, that's never going to happen because the standards are different on RC. And this is just one in a long history icluding carbonic snow, and what not. What a joke. But there is more. What do we find in that thread? uncritical rants. How many "skeptics" apply their skepticism to the o.p.? I counted 2 before deciding that, since I have only one life to live, filling even a tiny amount of my time with the kind of stupidity found there could be a mortal sin. It's not like I don't have better things to do. They just go on ranting about how much snow they had this winter. Where is the subtantive discussion on data? Why is none of the regulars there addressing the stupid maths? Why is nobody saying tha the 137% figure is misleading? On the 2008 science blog of the year? That's what GW skepticism is, mostly (I should say overwhelmingly). I'm as unimpressed as ever. The worst part of it, and the one that applies even to the better quality skeptic contributors here, is the double standard. One-sided skepticism is no skepticism at all. Especially when it has mouthfuls of "bias" to spray on everybody. I'll just keep looking at what real scientists, doing real work, publish. I can't understand a lot of it, and it certainly isn't perfect. Yet it is still a better use of my time than "skeptic" internet stuff like the Spencer's post you linked.
caerbannog at 16:49 PM on 13 June, 2010
Regarding the "global warming is caused by air conditioning" meme mentioned above... ...It should be noted that many air conditioners function as heat pumps during the winter. So it would seem to me that thermometers located near air-conditioning/heat-pump exhaust outlets should demonstrate, on average, a "cold bias" during the winter months. Has anyone involved with the surfacestations project considered this?
(From 12 above) #11 David Horton at 11:26 AM on 13 June, 2010 how do I explain that to the glaciers? No need to explain them, they are not sentient. Just filter out soot from smoke. And the satellites. What about the satellite MSU data? Soot problems there, too?
RSVP at 17:46 PM on 13 June, 2010
It is not the amount of data that makes a theory true. For centuries people believed that the Earth was flat based on a multitude of "evidence". Data on its own does not lead to the truth and can be very misleading indeed if applied to a false hypothesis. And as long as alternative theories are not openly discussed, we are all that much poorer. Furthermore, the comment about false readings taken from weather stations due to air conditioners, carparks and parking lots is a strawman if there ever was one.
actually thoughtful at 17:50 PM on 13 June, 2010
Some recent posts, this one included, seem to be aiming for the low end of the food chain (WUWT). So you are fighting deniers - simple, easily refuted arguments. But there are skeptic sites - like The Air Vent and The Blackboard for example - that present arguments that are both more sophisticated and more honest. Recent topics there that have left me wondering are: 1) Given little change to the entire antarctic ice sheet - how much of the arctic ice sheet is due to wind and currents - ie seasonal variation. 2) They point to the warming trend from the 1900-1930s (not sure of the dates here) - but it is a trend that lasted as long as the current, and has a similar slope. 3) Negative response from cloud cover 4) They invoke trends longer than we have had decent instrumentation that account for some of the warming. These folks acknowledge that first order CO2 forcing. They question the extent of negative feedbacks. While the balance of evidence and logic seem to support AGW - I sometimes think people are "cherry picking" the easy/dumbest things the true deniers say, and lumping all questions about the logic and science in with the low quality points - leaving some valid counter-arguments unexamined.
Berényi Péter at 18:20 PM on 13 June, 2010
#15 ProfMandia at 13:17 PM on 13 June, 2010 How much has the population grown over the oceans? Dear prof, I was talking about UHI, which obviously occurs only in land records. Oceans is another issue which should be discussed separately. I am sure you would not be happy either if at an exam a student in reply to a specific question would start talking about something else. The only legitimate way for you to refute Dr. Spencer's finding (which I have moved a step further by quantifying the effect) is to point out specific errors in the specific study. Simple handwaving or changing of topic would not do. Of course it is only a first approximation, so the actual numbers may be slightly different. Proper correction may be variable over time and space as well, since population growth was uneven. Also, the huge decrease in number of GHCN stations after 1990, especially urban ones is not taken into account here. There is certainly room for improvement but it would be nice to see the guys who are responsible for it doing their job instead of someone with no time and resources.
Marcus at 19:25 PM on 13 June, 2010
If UHI is as strong as you claim, BP, then why are ground station measurements (+0.17 degrees per decade since 1979) so close to those calculated by satellite measurements (+0.14 to +0.16 degrees per decade since 1979). The reality is that the entire premise of Spencer's argument is totally false-which is that adjustments aren't frequently made to account for UHI effect. Indeed, Spencer himself has a habit of failing to adjust his own satellite data to account for diurnal drift, so maybe he wrongly assumes that those on the ground are making the same basic error (which is why his readings are +0.02 degrees per decade cooler than those provided by RSS). Of course, even *if* the adjustments were not being made, several studies have shown that the difference between so-called "good" & "bad" stations is absolutely negligible.
@ actually thoughtful. Is that the best that these guys can come up with? Well I can easily debunk 3 out of 4 of these arguments without even breaking a sweat: 1) Antarctic Ice Sheet: though it's true that total ice sheet *thickness* has increased slightly since the 1970's, ice sheet *mass* (as measured by the GRACE satellites) has actually been *shrinking*. All of the increased thickness has been *inland* & restricted to the Eastern half of the continent. This increase in inland thickness-at high altitude-is consistent with warming-induced changes to precipitation in the Southern Ocean, the same precipitation which has caused a significant increase in calving of the sea-ice. 2) Warming from 1900-1939 vs 1970-2009: From 1900-1939, the planet warmed at a rate of +0.08 degrees per decade, which isn't surprising given that sunspot numbers increased at an average rate of 9.9 per decade over that same period. From 1970-2009, the warming rate was +0.16 degrees per decade, at a time when sunspot numbers *fell* at an average rate of 9 per decade-so its an "apples & oranges" comparison! 3) Negative effect from clouds: as has been pointed out numerous times before, clouds act as both a negative & positive forcing. Yes they increase the Earth's albedo, but they also act to trap more IR radiation as it heads out to space. Lindzen suggested that an increase in the Iris Effect would provide a negative feedback for CO2 induced warming-by reducing the clouds that help trap IR radiation in the lower atmosphere. However, the CERES satellites showed that the Iris effect lets more radiation *IN* than it lets *OUT*, thus providing a modest *positive* forcing. I'd debunk argument number 4 too, except I don't understand what you mean by the question!
Riccardo at 19:41 PM on 13 June, 2010
Berényi Péter, could you please explain how did you build the graph you show?
HumanityRules at 20:11 PM on 13 June, 2010
The problem I have is that even when you present extensive lists of data such as •Ice sheets are melting •Sea levels are rising •Biological changes in tens of thousands of species •Glaciers are retreating •Seasons are shifting •Species are becoming extinct is that AGW isn't the only explanation for each of these observations. You describe sceptics as being myopic but I'd say your own explanation suffers from tunnel vision by ignoring natural variations in the climatic and biological systems.
Response: "The problem I have is that even when you present extensive lists of data ... is that AGW isn't the only explanation for each of these observations"
Agreed, evidence of global warming doesn't necessarily prove human caused global warming. Which was why I preceded it with the various lines of evidence for a human fingerprint in climate change:
It's not just one piece of evidence that convinces me that humans are causing global warming but that independent sets of measurements of completely different parts of the climate all find a human fingerprint, exactly as we expect.
actually thoughtfull, you're actually right that WUWT is not even to be considered when talking about the science of global warming. Unfortunately it's the most quoted source of skeptc arguments and way too often even skeptic scientists use it for their claims that would not pass peer review. Like it or not, we have to live with it.
HumanityRules, unfortunately no one still came out with comprehensive alternative explanations. As John says in this post, the "strategy" is to pick them up one by one. And please notice, skeptics love to endlessly repeate the mantra that the "AGW camp" does not consider natural variations. It's simply untrue, it's just the hope that repeating something enough times will make it true.
David Horton at 20:32 PM on 13 June, 2010
The skeptics on this blog constantly suffer from the can't see the forest for the trees syndrome. HR #31 sums it up "AGW isn't the only explanation for each of these observations", well, possibly, but I suggest you would have a hard time coming up with alternatives for them. Whanna try? But that isn't the point, even if you could come up with a series of disparate (and my guess would be, often contradictory) explanations. These things are happening at an incredibly fast rate. They are happening at this incredibly fast rate at a time when CO2 levels are rapidly increasing. We know the causal relationship between those two things. Every observation of the natural and geographic worlds fits consistently with this single theory. A Darwin said, about evolution, find just one piece of evidence against it and the whole theory collapses. Same here. Want to give that a try Mr Rules?
#28 Marcus at 19:25 PM on 13 June, 2010 If UHI is as strong as you claim, BP, then why are ground station measurements (+0.17 degrees per decade since 1979) so close to those calculated by satellite measurements (+0.14 to +0.16 degrees per decade since 1979). You are doing the same thing most everyone seems to do here. Talking about something else. several studies have shown that the difference between so-called "good" & "bad" stations is absolutely negligible You are echoing the claim promoted by RealClimate. "the UHI effect makes at most a contribution of 0.05°C to the warming observed over the past century" It is equivalent to saying if local population density in an area is doubled, temperature readings would increase by 0.027 K (while the actual value is close to 0.16 K). To refute this, no detailed scientific study is needed, just a bit of common sense. If it were true, the phenomenon called UHI (Urban Heat Island) would never even be noticed. BTW, the difference between "good" & "bad" stations in itself does not have much to do with UHI effect on temperature trend. The difference between logarithmic local population density trends have, and studies referenced by RealClimate only show this trend must have been a bit higher for stations flagged "rural" in GHCN than for stations flagged "urban". If anything, this implies GISTEMP practice of adjusting urban trends to surrounding rural readings introduces some more warming bias, not less. #30 Riccardo at 19:41 PM on 13 June, 2010 could you please explain how did you build the graph you show? I could. However, please read #10 & #27 first carefully, follow the links provided, try to understand what is said. Having done that you'll most probably understand the graph. If not, you can still ask specific questions. The answer would be detailed enough to be scrutinized thoroughly. That's the only way to proceed.
I'm not "talking about something else" BP-my question relates directly to the clearly false claim that UHI effect can explain the warming of the past century. After all, if it was a strictly linear effect induced by increasing population density-then why is warming occurring fastest in parts of the world which show the *slowest* rates of increase in population density (i.e. in the rural parts of the world)? Why does temperature first peak in the 1940's, then fall away around the 1950's (if it was simply down to population density induced UHI, then the warming should continue unabated)? How come Dr Spencer is apparently the *only* man who can see, & correct for, the UHI-even though dozens of other researchers apparently can't-when he is apparently unable to see, & correct for, the diurnal drift in his own satellite temperature measurements? If UHI is such a big effect, as you & Spencer claim, then it should show up in a comparison between ground-based & satellite-based temperature measurements, yet they're almost identical (even when you allow for Spencer's failure to account for diurnal drift). So your attack on my post is really just a desperate attempt to distract people from the fact that you can't answer a number of *very* obvious questions (including the one by ProfMandia about warming over the oceans-which is also relevant in terms of debunking the whole UHI argument). Still, at least your post serves as a fantastic object lesson about how the skeptics seek to deceive & distract people.
HumanityRules. The problem is that, for most of the things John mentions, natural variation suggests we should be moving in the *opposite* direction. After all, after CO2, the primary driver of our climate is solar activity. Over the last 30 years, solar activity has been trending *downwards*, yet global temperatures are rising faster than at any other point in the past 150 years of temperature records-even when solar activity was rising quite rapidly. So, in the absence of rising solar activity, how else can *you* explain all of these events that John describes?
Another point, BP. Between 1900 & 1964, the global population more than *doubled* (1.6 billion people to 3.3 billion people), yet the rate of warming measured over that time period by ground-based stations was about 0.06 degrees per decade. Between 1965 & 2006, the global population *almost* doubled (3.3 billion to 6.5 billion people), yet the rate of warming measured by ground-based stations was +0.154 degrees per decade). So if warming was entirely down to population-density induced UHI, then we would have expected a greater rate in measured warming in the first 65 years of the 20th century (especially when you *also* consider rising sunspot activity & lack of volcanic activity). Seems that neither Dr Spencer-nor yourself-have actually thought this through very well!
lff at 21:50 PM on 13 June, 2010
Couldn't "The case for human caused global warming is based on many independent lines of evidence." just be seen as an example of a robust confirmation bias? Are there no sources that throw doubt on any of the individual conclusions of the "independent lines of evidence"? Are there no lines of evidence showing global cooling or a less drastic global warming or a non-human caused Global warming? Can there be no legitimate skepticism of AGW? To my mind only ideological epistomologies would be immune from skepticism but that would make AGW antithetical to science. lff
Iff, genuine scientific skepticism is to *not* accept any claim until you've seen evidence to back it up, & a willingness to accept contrary evidence should it come to light. Yet to this date, the majority of so-called "skeptics" have failed to produce any contrary evidence to debunk anthropogenic global warming-instead choosing to come up with half-baked hypotheses that don't stand up to scrutiny by any half-way impartial reviewer. They spend the rest of their time launching crude ad-hominem attacks on climate scientists & trying to influence the mainstream media with anti-AGW PR campaigns. All of which I'd call entirely *antithetical* to science!
#36 Marcus at 21:30 PM on 13 June, 2010 if it was a strictly linear effect induced by increasing population density-then why is warming occurring fastest in parts of the world which show the *slowest* rates of increase in population density (i.e. in the rural parts of the world)? You are not listening. UHI is not a linear function of population density, it is a linear function of the logarithm of it. Big difference. You can have a slow increase in absolute numbers at sparsely populated areas while a huge UHI effect at the same time.
Also Iff, its not like the theory of AGW just appeared & gained acceptance overnight. No, it required an enormous amount of work-over multiple generations-to discover & bring together the various lines of evidence which explained how & why the planet was warming at the rate it currently is-& how & why humans are responsible. When the so-called skeptics are prepared to invest the same time & energy into developing an alternative theory to explain recent warming trends-instead of clinging to skepticism on strictly ideological grounds-then they might regain some measure of credibility.
What, even parts of the world where population densities haven't increased *at all*? Like the Antarctic & Arctic BP? It seems like *you're* the one who isn't listening around here. We're not simply talking rural as in "Backwoods USA", we're talking about "rural" as in the middle of nowhere-temperature records in parts of the world which have experienced virtually *no* increase in population density at all. It also doesn't explain why temperatures briefly peaked in the 1940's, then fell away again, before rising again from the 1950's onwards. You see, as much as you try and obfuscate, BP, the reality remains that you don't have explanation for all the errors in Spencer's UHI hypothesis. Even if he was correct, though, & we were forced to discard *all* the warming measured by ground-based measuring stations, we're still left with a +0.16 degree per decade warming from 1979-2009-as measured by satellite-that no amount of hand waving can cause to vanish!
Dikran Marsupial at 22:08 PM on 13 June, 2010
RSVP @ 25 said: "It is not the amount of data that makes a theory true. For centuries people believed that the Earth was flat based on a multitude of "evidence"." So what constituted the "multitude of evidence" that the Earth was flat? It was known by the ancient Greeks that the Earth was spherical, Erathosthenes even came up with an impressively (for the time) accurate estimate of the Earth's diameter. I don't think anyone has ever thought of the Earth as flat based on evidence. However, you are right that no amount of evidence can show a theory is true, as explained in Popper's ideas about falsifiability. Evidence can only falsify theories, not prove them. The evidence falsifies many skeptic theories, for instance the fact that the increase in atmospheric CO2 being smaller than anthropogenic emissions is inconsistent with the oceans being the cause of increasing atmospheric CO2. The point is that multiple lines of evidence provide good corroboration for AGW, while not proving it. That is the best science can do, provide the best explanation for the observed facts and weed out the theories that don't fit the facts.
#39 Marcus at 21:46 PM on 13 June, 2010 if warming was entirely down to population-density induced UHI, then It's getting tiresome. Go back please and check what I have claimed. I said UHI is responsible for about 0.29 K/cy of the 0.65 K/cy warming shown by GISTEMP (possibly a little bit more for other reasons, e.g. specific GHCN station dropout patterns and adjustment to rural surrounding). Where do you find your "entirely" here?
Beranyi provides another great object lesson about the tactics of the so-called skeptics: if you're losing the argument, change the goal-posts. Until recently, the hue & cry of the skeptic movement was "the ground-based stations can't be trusted because too many of them are in urban locations-subject to the UHI effect". Now that this myth has been debunked, apparently the hue & cry has become "the ground-based stations can't be trusted because too many of them are in *rural* locations". Can't they at least be *consistent*? I do really love, though, how Beranyi is convinced that Spencer is some kind of uber-genius how can see the "obvious flaw" in the ground-based data that somehow hundreds of other researchers just happened to miss (oops, thats right-they didn't miss it, its all part of some global conspiracy-sarcasm btw). We're talking about a guy here who didn't have the wherewithal to account for something as obvious as diurnal drift in satellite temperature measurements-so how can we take him seriously? Also, Beranyi, are your calculations akin to your "back-of-the-envelope" calculations regarding argon?
#47 Marcus at 22:28 PM on 13 June, 2010 Can't they at least be *consistent*? As far as I can see I am the only one here trying to keep up some reasonable level of consistency. Of course we could discuss other issues like SST or satellite data or the strong negative correlation between number of pirates and global average temperature, but its more expedient to stick to a single problem at a time and analyze that piece dispassionately. are your calculations akin to your "back-of-the-envelope" calculations regarding argon? Not likely. But you are here to check them. Much better pastime than submerging in rhetoric.
Berényi Péter, i did read, in fact. Still you did not say what you did to make the graph. If I have to judge from your previous comments, I'd say that you just scaled the GISS meteo-station dataset. This would be so blatantly wrong that I'm sure you did not do it. This is why I ask.
#49 Riccardo at 23:21 PM on 13 June, 2010 you just scaled the GISS meteo-station dataset Of course I did. I have subtracted the spurious trend due to UHI. What's wrong with that? Explain.
muoncounter at 23:51 PM on 13 June, 2010
Sometimes these skeptic arguments are just plain funny and fall flat of their own weight; sometimes it takes a little digging to see the flaws. #25 "false readings taken from weather stations due to air conditioners, carparks and parking lots is a strawman if there ever was one." A strawman indeed! The USEIA provides a massive amount of statistics on energy source, use, etc. One such data table yields a graph of the burgeoning use of AC by US census region: Note that the south consistently accounts for nearly 50% of the total number of US households with AC. Note, too, that the slope of the southern region graph is the steepest (although by the 1997 entry, only 7% of southern US households had no AC of any kind, so that should level off). It's obvious that the southern US is warmer than the northern US (trust me on that one, I have the electric bills to prove it!), but how do the long term trends in temperature compare? If AC is such a significant factor in distorting the record, surely the rapid rise of AC in the south results in a much steeper temperature profile (graph of temperature vs. year) than the north? Temperature records for most US states are searchable with a snazzy map-based interface here; many are continuous back to 1895. So here is a composite of temperature index (in deg C, relative to period averages) for northern states vs. southern states: Alas for the strawmen, the regional trends since the 1980s are very similar. All those southern AC units are not making a difference in the temperature indices (except, as UP #13 eloquently pointed out, by 'sucking up untold megawatts' of coal-generated electric power). Interesting tidbit: According to USEIA Table 1, here, since 1990 the use of energy (measured in Quad BTUs) for AC in the US has decreased due to increasingly higher efficiency. Yet the trend of the temperature indices is inexorable.
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Mourinho: We Are Going To Bond In Man United Preseason
By Marcus-Bloxam Football Contributor On July 12, 2016 No Comments
MANCHESTER, Sporting Alert – New manager Jose Mourinho has found his managerial spark once again and is looking forward to his first preseason with Manchester United for Tour 2016.
Mourinho, who took over from Louis van Gaal after the Dutchman was sacked at the end of last season, has been busy putting everything together for preseason and he’s buzzing to see everything come together.
The former Chelsea manager, who was fired in the middle of last season after a poor start and a relationship breakdown with the Blues, believes the preseason tour will be an important experience for both him and his players.
Manchester United is slated to have a very intense preseason campaign, with the Premier League side playing two matches in the International Champions Cup in China against Borussia Dortmund on July 22 and Manchester City three days later.
The Portugal coach is hoping the trip will offer some time for bonding.
“I hope to see a group, from an emotional point of view, coming together and getting to know each other better and understanding each other better,” Mourinho said on Manchester United official website at www.manutd.com.
“It’s important from a football point of view, but also from a human qualities point of view, that’s very important.
“The fact that we won’t travel with every player, from a tactical point of view, breaks a little bit the objective of a pre-season tour, but that’s the way it is.
“We cannot make miracles and the players cannot go directly from the Euros to pre-season. They need their break and we need them for the next 10 months.”
He added: “It will be a bit strange, especially for a new manager that needs to know the players and to work with the players, but I think the pre-season tours are also for the club dimension, the club projection and club connection which, in this case, is the Asian market, commercially and for the fan-base, it’s a lot about that.
“From that perspective, I expect a group that understands the dimension of this club and understands what Man United fans around in the world, in this case Asia, are expecting from us.”
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Marcus-Bloxam Football Contributor
Loves to play sports, especially football and basketball. I wanted to be world-class but it never actually happened so I am sticking to something else. I enjoy writing and I hope you'll appreciate what I bring! Brilliant! Isn't it. Be bless.
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Home Competitions Bundesliga Hoppe: A Schalke 04 Story
Hoppe: A Schalke 04 Story
Neel Shelat
So you thought 2020 was bad? Well, 2021 has started off even worse in many regards, and down in the Bundesliga, they are facing an absolute crisis as FC Schalke 04 have managed to win a football match.
BREAKING: SCHALKE 04 FOOTBALL CLUB HAVE WON A FOOTBALL GAME. Their first league win in 359 days. 🎉🥳
— FutbolBible (@FutbolBible) January 9, 2021
Almost a year without victory read as follows for the Royal Blues: LDDDLLDLLLLDDLLLLLLDLDDLLLDLLL.
They went into the match against Hoffenheim knowing that if they failed to win, they would match Tasmania Berlin’s Bundesliga record of 31 consecutive matches without victory. Inexplicably, they avoided it, and in some style – 4-0.
Here, we’ll take a look back at that (nearly) year-long spell of agony for the Gelsenkirchen-based outfit:
The Winless Menace
January 17, 2020. FC Schalke 04 2-0 Borussia Mönchengladbach. Goals from Suat Serdar and Michael Gregoritsch meant that the Royal Blues opened the Bundesliga’s matchday 18 with an important victory that saw them go up to 33 points and maintain a nine-match unbeaten streak on home soil. At this stage, they looked set to qualify for the Europa League despite losing many important players to injuries, including star midfielder Amine Harit.
Next up: Bayern Munich. That match didn’t go half as well for Schalke, as they were thrashed 5-0 by the rampant Reds, but it didn’t seem too ominous – getting steamrolled by the Bavarians is an unfortunate experience that almost every Bundesliga side has to undergo from time to time. What followed wasn’t disastrous by any stretch of the imagination either, as the Royal Blues drew the next three games against Hertha, Paderborn and Mainz, keeping a clean sheet in two of them. In between these matches, they did win a game – a Round of 16 DfB Pokal clash against Hertha Berlin – which ended 3-2 after extra time.
Schalke’s players celebrate scoring during the DFB Pokal Round of 16 football match between FC Schalke 04 and Hertha Berlin in Gelsenkirchen, Western Germany on February 4, 2020. (Photo by INA FASSBENDER/AFP via Getty Images)
Big defeats to RB Leipzig, and more disappointingly, FC Köln followed, and then came a 1-1 draw with Hoffenheim. Things weren’t looking so good, but they weren’t too bad either as the world came to a standstill with the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. Perhaps this was a chance for FC Schalke 04 to reset and return to the form that they started the season with.
Or perhaps not…
The Attack of the Losses
As the Bundesliga became the first major European league to resume amidst the Coronavirus pandemic, Schalke’s fortunes didn’t change as they were thrashed 4-0 by Borussia Dortmund in the Revierderby. With this defeat, talks of Schalke’s rotten fate started to grow, as their local rivals rubbed as much salt into their wounds as possible.
Dortmund’s Portuguese defenderRaphaël Guerreiro (R) celebrates after scoring his side’s second goal as Schalke’s German goalkeeper RalfFährmann reacts during the Bundesliga match between Borussia Dortmund and FC Schalke 04 on May 16, 2020, in Dortmund, western Germany as the season resumed following a two-month absence due to the novel coronavirus COVID-19 pandemic. (Photo by MARTIN MEISSNER/POOL/AFP via Getty Images)
Three more losses followed, and this was really when people started to worry about Schalke’s winless streak as the Royal Blues lost to FC Augsburg, relegation-battlers Fortuna Düsseldorf and Werder Bremen. Now, Schalke were in real trouble.
Draws with Union Berlin, and more encouragingly, Bayer Leverkusen slightly lifted their spirits, but any remaining hope was quickly quashed by disappointing defeats to Eintracht Frankfurt, Wolfsburg and Freiburg.
However, such was Schalke’s outstanding start to the season that despite failing to win for the entirety of the Rückrunde, they finished the season in 12th – eight points away from the relegation playoff spot. Yet, the scale of the problem wasn’t lost on their fans, and David Wagner was under some serious fire. Somehow, the manager kept his job, with the hope being that he would be able to rediscover the fire that saw Schalke gain a stronghold on the top-six in the opening stages of the season.
The Club Wars
The summer transfer window wasn’t a good time for Schalke, as a number of key players departed. Michael Gregoritsch, Jonjoe Kenny and Jean-Clair Todibo’s loan spells ended, so they went back to their respective clubs. Further, Guido Burgstaller, Daniel Caliguiri and Alexander Nübel left permanently, while Weston McKennie also departed. Their notable arrivals were Vedad Ibišević and Mark Uth, but the losses clearly outweighed the gains.
The reason for this was explained in a press conference in July by board member Alexander Jobst. COVID-19 was an absolute sucker-punch for Schalke, as their debts mounted to almost €200 million. Now, basic survival would prove to be tough, let alone the lofty ambitions of Champions League football they had a year ago.
In order to counteract this, the club imposed a salary cap of €2.5m (£2.2m/$3m) per player, while also securing a €40m (£36m/$48m) bailout from the Gelsenkirchen government. They took some more questionable actions too, including refusing to refund 2019/20’s season ticket holders and dismissing many low-pay employees. All of this only served to ruin the club’s public image.
Even then, there was some hope for the new season, though fans were not really expecting much from the opening clash against Bayern Munich. What followed, though, was nothing short of a massacre, as Die Rotten put eight goals past them, with the scorers including ex-Schalke favourite Leroy Sané.
LeroySané of Bayern Munich scores his team’s seventh goal during the Bundesliga match between FC Bayern Munich and FC Schalke 04 at Allianz Arena on September 18, 2020, in Munich, Germany. (Photo by Alexander Hassenstein/Getty Images)
Another disappointing loss to Werder Bremen followed, and that finally cost David Wagner his job. Manuel Baum was his replacement, and club legend Naldo tagged along as his assistant. But, their time at the helm didn’t start too well as the Royal Blues lost by four goals against RB Leipzig. Thereafter, they suffered a 3-0 Reverderby defeat in between 1-1 draws against Union Berlin and Stuttgart.
Once again, the DfB Pokal served as a source of hope for Die Knappen, as a 4-1 success against fourth-tier side FC Schweinfurt gave them their first competitive victory in almost nine months. Life in the Bundesliga continued to prove tough, though, as a 2-2 draw against Mainz was followed by three straight losses to Wolfsburg, Gladbach and Leverkusen.
The Revenge of the Schalker
In the midst of all this, another major problem arose in the Royal Blues’ camp – internal turmoil. On the November 24, birthday-boy Nabil Bentaleb was released, last season’s best performer Amine Harit was suspended and veteran summer signing Vedad Ibišević saw his contract terminated. All of this was due to disciplinary issues which stemmed from the horrendous performances of the Gelsenkirchen club. Technical director Michael Reschke, who was involved in a controversy involving the unauthorised attempted sale of Omar Mascarell, also departed.
Mark Uth, meanwhile, had this to say:
“It’s so upsetting to turn up here every time and play such helpless football. We’re always a step behind, we’re late into tackles and we didn’t even get a single yellow card. I don’t know how we’re supposed to win a game like this (against Gladbach). I’ve had enough and I’m just so angry. I feel like just going into the dressing room and crying.”
Mark Uth of FC Schalke 04 reacts during the Bundesliga match between Borussia Mönchengladbach and FC Schalke 04 at Borussia-Park on November 28, 2020, inMönchengladbach, Germany. (Photo by Lars Baron/Getty Images)
In truth, many players might have wanted to go into the dressing room and cry, but perhaps, the problem was that there was no one to console them. Player-manager relations were strained following some training ground bust-ups, and with most of the previous campaign’s core team either sold in the summer or exiled, the current squad was mostly comprised of returning loanees and youth players who didn’t know each other too well and probably weren’t ready for such a challenge.
There was no stability as far as Schalke’s role of head coach was concerned either, as David Wagner’s successor didn’t last too long himself. A draw against Augsburg and a loss against Freiburg saw Manuel Baum dismissed prematurely, and Huub Stevens stepped in temporarily. He oversaw two matches – a 1-0 loss to relegation rivals Arminia Bielefeld and another Cup success – this time 3-1 over Ulm.
Of course, this chopping and changing of managers (and suspending of players) wasn’t very financially viable, but these were some big gambles the Royal Blues were taking in a desperate attempt to avoid their seemingly inevitable fate of relegation. Christan Gross became the fourth man to lead the club this season during the winter break, but his term started with a loss too – 3-0 against Hertha Berlin.
But then, something unbelievable happened.
A New Hoppe
I find your lack of faith disturbing.
-Christian Gross, probably
American teenager Matthew Hoppe had started two Bundesliga matches after making his debut in late November after the aforementioned purge, and he had made two more substitute appearances too, but without avail in terms of goals.
Manuel Baum persisted with him in his second match in charge of the Royal Blues against Hoffenheim as former favourite Sead Kolašinac returned on loan from Arsenal to captain the club, and boy did that decision pay off. With Tasmania Berlin’s record of 31 consecutive games without a Bundesliga win under threat, something miraculous needed to happen.
A biscuit with a city sign for Schalke 04 (top) and a crossed-out sign for Tasmania, referring to the negative Bundesliga record of Tasmania Berlin that could be broken by German first division football club FC Schalke 04, is presented on a tray at a bakery in Dortmund, western Germany, on January 9, 2021. (Photo by INA FASSBENDER/AFP via Getty Images)
After a bright start, a magical partnership started to develop. Amine Harit, whose suspension was overturned following the departure of Manuel Baum, combined with Hoppe to do the unthinkable. First, the Moroccan midfielder slipped Hoppe through on the left after a counterattack just three minutes before half-time, and the teenager showed great composure to dink the keeper and make it 1-0.
Hoffenheim, what are you doing?
— Ronan Murphy (@swearimnotpaul) January 9, 2021
The Royal Blues faithful didn’t get their hopes up, though, as they feared yet more disappointment. They were gladly proven wrong in the second period, though, as Harit sent Hopped racing through on goal yet again in the 57th minute, and this time, he went around the keeper to make it 2-0. Six minutes later, the two combined again, and this time, the result was yet another chip from Matthew Hoppe.
A New Hoppe. 💙#S04 | #S04TSG pic.twitter.com/eTbZTVfyuQ
— FC Schalke 04 (@s04_en) January 9, 2021
Finally, in the 79th minute, Amine Harit capped off a brilliant display with a drilled shot into the bottom corner to make it 4-0 and certainly secure the win for Schalke.
These three points saw Die Knappen lift themselves from the bottom of the table for the first time this season, as they have one more point than Mainz now. After looking destined for relegation, they are now just four points away from complete safety.
Nearly a year on from that now-famous win over Gladbach, FC Schalke 04 have won a football match, using just three of the starters from that match against Die Fohlen. Four managers and a lot of financial debt later, they still seem to have some hope, albeit of a different, less European and more survival-oriented kind. But, it still is hope.
After a clash against Frankfurt, Schalke have a key relegation six-pointer to prepare for when they will face Köln. That match could very well decide their fate for the season, and considering the amount of debt they have, could even be a battle for existence.
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Home News Crime
Police: Veteran Colonie officer assaulted by ‘unruly’ CDTA passenger
in Crime, News
COLONIE — A veteran police officer was allegedly assaulted while trying to get an unruly man off a CDTA bus on Tuesday, Feb. 11.
According to Lt. Robert Winn, police received a call from CDTA about the passenger, who allegedly urinated on the bus and spit at the driver.
Traffic Safety Investigator Brian Curran, a 43-year-old, 14-year veteran of the force, boarded the bus while it was stopped on Central Avenue outside Colonie Center.
“Without warning or provocation, the passenger attacked Investigator Curran by punching him in the face and wrestling him to the ground,” Winn said in a statement. “The passenger slammed Investigator Curran’s head into the wall and floor of the bus several times before assistance from a back-up officer, and a passing civilian, intervened.”
With the help of a Taser, the passenger, identified as 42-year-old Jason Vargas, who has an unknown address, was taken into custody.
Vargas did suffer minor facial injuries, Winn said, but “because of his behavior he was sedated by Colonie EMS” and taken to Albany Medical Center Hospital where he was being treated.
Curran sustained several contusions to the head and he was also taken to Albany Med.
Vargas will be formally charged when he is released from the hospital. The charges are not yet determined, Winn said.
Tags: Colonie police
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South Africa Holiday: Aardwark
Aardvarks are endemic to sub-Saharan Africa. They have a distinctive curved back, a pig-like body, a long snout, large ears, powerful limbs and shovel-shaped claws for digging. They have bristly, sparse fur tinged with yellow and white.
Aardvarks are the only living member of the order Tubulidentata and last survivor of a group of primitive ungulates.
The word aardvark means "earth pig." They have a short neck connected to a large, almost hairless body with a strongly arched back. Head and body length is approximately 1.2m and a tail length of 0.5m. The legs are short, the hind legs longer than the front ones. The head is elongated, with a long, narrow snout and nostrils that can be sealed. The long, tubular ears are normally held upright but can be folded and closed. The short but muscular tail is cone-shaped and tapers to a point. The thick claws on the forefeet are well adapted for digging.
Aardvarks are endemic to Africa and are found in all regions south of the Sahara, from dry savannah to rain forest, where there are sufficient termites for food, access to water and sandy or clay soil.
Aardvarks feed on ants and termites, and can consume about 50,000 insects in a night! Using their strong front limbs, they break into the insects' nests. They can fold their ears back and they have a profusion of nasal hairs to keep out the dust while they're digging.
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Although they have poor eyesight, they have acute hearing, and a good sense of smell - which helps them to locate their prey. The ants and termites are lapped up by the tongue and swallowed whole.
Aardvarks are mostly solitary and nocturnal, but sometimes will come out during the day to sun themselves. When aardvarks sleep, they block the entrance to their burrow, leaving only a very small opening at the top, and curl into a tight ball.
When pursued, an aardvark will furiously dig itself a hole, and when attacked, may roll onto its back and defend itself with its large claws or use its thick tail to somersault away from its attackers.
Aardvarks give birth to a single young after a gestation period of 7 months. The young weigh about 2kg at birth. It ventures out of the burrow at about 2 weeks of age but will stay with its mother for at least 6 months.
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Southeast Polk Publications
The Student News Site of Southeast Polk High School
Guys and Dolls Coming Soon
Abby VanHorn, Rampage Feature Editor
On November 15, 16 and 17 Southeast Polk High School will be putting on the annual fall musical. This year’s musical is Guys and Dolls. The musical’s director is Choir Teacher Jamie Logan.
“This Broadway musical tells the overlapping stories of high-roller Sky Masterson, who falls in love with uptight mission worker Sarah Brown, and the lovable rapscallion Nathan Detroit, engaged for 14 years to Miss Adelaide, a headliner at the Hot Box Club,” said Logan.
The cast started rehearsal September 3 and will practice for ten weeks, up until right before the first show. Senior Cael Newman plays Sky Masterson in the show.
“In the show Sky Masterson is kind of a playboy, at least at the beginning. I make a bet that I can get with any girl and the other character Nathan Detroit points to the main woman, Sarah Brown and I have to take her out,” said Newman.
Newman explains how after his character takes out Sarah, he ends up falling in love with her and by the end he changes his ways and softens out.
“Sky embraces how she sees the world a lot more and she also meets him at the same level and sees where Sky is coming from,” Newman said.
Newman decided to audition for the musical because he always has been involved in musical theater since junior high. Logan said that the audition process is pretty simple and encourages all students to try it out.
“Monday night [of audition week] we teach a brief chunk of choreography and students audition in small groups at the end of the clinic. Tuesday night students sing 30-45 seconds from any musical theater selection. Then, on Wednesday we have scene readings,” said Logan.
Newman said the audition went smoothly for him and he was even able to convince one of his friends to audition with him. Logan hopes that the musical and theater in general will instill life lessons into all the students that are involved.
“We hope that they’re learning to be responsible, self-motivated, and deep thinkers. In our musical and acting coachings we guide students to analyze their characters and make decisions about how they might act or behave in a given situation,” said Logan.
Newman says that being in theatre has taught him that he will always be able to find his place, no matter how hard it might seem at first. He encourages all students to get involved in theatre, because no matter what students will feel welcomed.
“If you’re really struggling with high school, which I think is very common for freshman especially, the entire musical community is very open, and we will always accept anyone,” said Newman.
Abby VanHorn,
Loving Your New Normal
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Catching up with FFG
Some very exciting things have been coming out of FFG over the past couple of days, some of it already announced at GenCon, but some new. Let’s take a look!
To start with, the very exciting news about Under the Pyramids, the new big box expansion for Eldritch Horror. Last year saw Mountains of Madness come out, which brought a sideboard to the game, along with a lot of additional bumph that you can see in my blog here. Under the Pyramids seems to be following that template, with a new board that depicts – unsurprisingly – the Egyptian desert. Two new Ancient Ones, of which only Nephren-ka has been spoiled, along with eight more investigators and a whole host of other new bits. I’m guessing Nyarlathotep will be the second Ancient One, though given the breadth of lore for him in the mythos, he may be better-placed in a box by himself. We’ll see, though.
Something that sounds like a lot of fun is the Museum Heist adventure – no idea how this will work mechanically, but it just sounds like a lot of fun!
Hoping we’ll get this for Christmas!
Just announced today is the seventh hero and monster collection for Descent – Treaty of Champions! Looks very much like more of the same, really, though take a look at those miniatures! Those demon lords look absolutely amazing. Interestingly, while I said this was more of the same, there is a new monster group, the Crow Hag! An interesting-looking mini, some strange cultist-like character with a huge mace of some sort… interesting!
Always great to have exciting options for a game, anyway!
Have I mentioned the new cycle for Warhammer Conquest? I’m not sure… At any rate, the next cycle is expected to begin at some point, and it mainly deals with interacting with the position of planets. Capitalizing on the fact the deluxe expansion, The Great Devourer, will be released by the time this hits, we’ll also be getting Tyranid cards, and the fourth pack, What Lurks Below, brings a new Warlord to the faction. In keeping with the first cycle, it also looks like the Space Marines will be focusing on a new chapter, this time Black Templars. Interesting, as I’d have thought we’d be seeing something like Blood Angels or Dark Angels first. At any rate, I wasn’t actually intending to keep buying Conquest packs after the Warlord cycle ended, but FFG are always so very good at keeping me hooked on their card-crack!
I realise I’ve not mentioned the other big, exciting expansion announced back in GenCon, Return to Hoth! I’ve actually played the skirmish game once, and thoroughly enjoyed it, but have wanted to play more before featuring it on the blog. Anyway, it’s a really exciting game, and Return to Hoth looks like it has some very good additions to this! The miniatures include HK-droids, Wampas, and a Mon Calamari hero, all of which look excellent.
The associated ally and villain packs also look good – Princess Leia, Dengar, and some Snowtrooper chaps, all look fantastic! Interestingly, there is a lot in this box that seems to support the skirmish game, including a four-player variant, which makes me wonder if FFG are keen to support this aspect above anything else. It does kinda make sense, given the opportunity for organised play. The skirmish game is certainly the more popular aspect as far as what I’m seeing locally, at any rate.
Another one for the Christmas list, anyway – all four of these things are coming before the end of the year, anyway.
The Imperial Raider is apparently in stock at my local store, though it is so overdue that I don’t think I’ll actually believe it until I’ve seen it with my own hands!
Author spalanzPosted on August 12, 2015 Categories board gamesTags Descent, Eldritch Horror, Fantasy Flight Games, Imperial Assault, Star Wars, Terrinoth, Warhammer ConquestLeave a comment on Catching up with FFG
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You are here: Home › MiTAC Technology Chooses the Fujitsu WiMAX SoC to Design and Manufacture Cost-Efficient WiMAX Customer Premise Equipment
MiTAC Technology Chooses the Fujitsu WiMAX SoC to Design and Manufacture Cost-Efficient WiMAX Customer Premise Equipment
By SPARC Editor on June 27, 2005 in 2005
WCA 2005, Washington, D.C.,
Fujitsu Microelectronics America, Inc. (FMA), a leading provider of robust wireline and wireless solutions that enhance the performance of next-generation communications networks in North America, and MiTAC Technology Corporation (MTC), a leader in the electronics original design manufacturing industry, today announced that MiTAC will use the Fujitsu WiMAX System-on-Chip (SoC) to develop and manufacture MiTAC’s WiMAX Customer Premise Equipment (CPE). Fujitsu has shipped its WiMAX SoCs, the MB87M3400, to MiTAC to incorporate them into MiTAC’s CPEs.
The Fujitsu MB87M3400 uses an OFDM 256 (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) PHY that supports all the available channel bandwidths from 1.75MHz to 20MHz, and can operate in TDD or FDD mode. A programmable frequency selection function generates the sample clock for any desirable bandwidth. When implementing the 64QAM modulation in a 20MHz channel and using all 192 sub-carriers, the SoC’s data rate can potentially go up to 75Mbps. Uplink sub-channelization is also supported.
The Fujitsu WiMAX SoC incorporates sophisticated processing power, including a powerful main RISC engine that implements the 802.16 upper-layer MAC functions, scheduler, drivers, protocol stacks, and user application software. A secondary RISC/DSP functions as a co-processor, which executes the lower-layer MAC functions, offloading processing from the upper-layer MAC and enhancing the total SoC performance. A multi-channel DMA controller handles high-speed transactions among agents on a high-performance bus. (See related Press Releases dated April 21, 2005.)
“Fujitsu is a recognized leader in wireless communication, and this WiMAX SoC is the industry’s most integrated, modular and cost-efficient solution,” said Joseph Huang, general manager of MiTAC USA (L.A). “We will use the Fujitsu WiMAX SoC and customize the WiMAX solution by adding the features required to meet various market needs.”
“MiTAC is a world leader in the electronics manufacturing industry, having strong design and cost-efficient manufacturing capabilities. We are confident that MiTAC’s efficiency and expertise will bring the cost down to make WiMAX CPEs more affordable and available,” said Keith Horn, senior vice president of Fujitsu Microelectronics America. “Our collaboration with MiTAC will help produce products that fully utilize the performance-driven Fujitsu WiMAX SoC.”
About MiTAC Technology Corporation
MiTAC Technology Corporation (MTC) of Taipei, Taiwan has been well recognized as a premier ODM manufacturer of consumer notebooks and rugged notebook for military purposes since 1989. With its rapid business growth, the company was listed in Taiwan Stock Exchange (TSE: 3005) in 2002, and has diversified into new areas, particularly the digital home entertainment and wireless communication. With over 60% of the staff committed to research and development, the company is dedicated to striving for innovative technologies. Its wireless communication also aims to provide customers the most cost-efficient total wireless solution, such as WiMAX-compliant CPEs. For more product information, please send emails to wimax@mitac-mtc.com.tw or visit our company website at http://www.mitac-mtc.com.tw for more general information.
About Fujitsu Microelectronics America, Inc.
Fujitsu Microelectronics America, Inc. (FMA) leads the industry in innovation. FMA provides high-quality, reliable semiconductor products and services for the networking, communications, automotive, security and other markets throughout North and South America. As a founding and board member of the WiMAX Forum™, Fujitsu supports the standards development and compliance programs that are essential to successful Broadband Wireless deployment. Fujitsu provides performance-driven WiMAX solutions by leveraging the company’s experience and expertise in the networking and communications markets. Fujitsu offers flexible WiMAX SoC and reference designs for WiMAX-certifiable systems to equipment vendors. For more product information, please visit the company’s web site at http://us.fujitsu.com/micro/WiMAX or please address e-mail to inquiry.bwa@fma.fujitsu.com
Dinesh Daswani
MiTAC Wi-LAN Inc.
E-mail:kwetherell@wi-lan.com
Mark Shapiro
Davis-Marrin Communications
E-mail:mshapiro@davismarrin.com
Emi Igarashi
Fujitsu Microelectronics America, Inc.
E-mail:eigarash@fma.fujitsu.com
Dick Davies
IPRA
E-mail:ipra@mindspring.com
All company/product names mentioned may be trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective holders and are used for identification purpose only.
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The Sparrows and the Nightingales
"One of the best writers around" – Julie Burchill
About Mary Harrington
Radical feminists: time to abandon the left
October 10, 2017 October 10, 2017 ~ Mary Harrington
Feminists are wasting their time trying to persuade the left’s revolutionary vanguard not to ostracise them.
Watching a brief Twitter interaction between babyfaced lefty weathervane Owen Jones and Jen Harvey, a gender critical feminist, crystallised this for me.
Transphobia is one of the last acceptable forms of bigotry, promoted not just by the Trump right but among so-called "centrist" circles, too
— Owen REGISTER TO VOTE Jones🌹 (@OwenJones84) October 7, 2017
Jen protests at Owen’s characterisation of ‘transphobia’ as something perpetrated by ‘centrists’:
2. For a start, many women voicing these concerns are feminists, and feminism – as @OwenJones84 well knows – is a movement of the left.
— Harvey Jeni (@GappyTales) October 8, 2017
The splendidly angry Twitter thread that follows asks: how dare you try and purge feminists from the left-wing umbrella for defending our own interests?
It’s a good thread. But she’s wasting her time.
Jones’ claim that ‘centrists’ are ‘transphobic’ is a standard left-wing tactic, designed to push in two directions. Firstly, it speaks to anyone who already knows that ‘transphobia’ is a Bad Thing, to claim the fight against this Bad Thing as quintessentially left-wing; and not just the moderate left but the True Left.
Secondly, it speaks to anyone who has an emotional stake in others continuing to recognise them as part of the Lefty Gang, to let them know if they want to keep their designation as part of the Great Virtuous Tribe of Left Wing Goodies and not be kicked to the kerb as nasty, bigoted centrists, they’d better lay off the transphobia.
So, according to Jones, to be left-wing is to support trans people, and to question trans activism is to renounce membership of the left. If you do that, you might be a centrist, or even (shudder) On The Right.
I see a lot of feminists getting really upset about moves like this, which redefine the legitimate field of operations of radical leftism and demand acquiescence by threatening ostracism. Look, I get it – most feminists see themselves as left-wing, and for most left-wing people (including myself, when I was a lefty) being on the left is an important part of personal identity. Left-wing ideology is all about how the world should be, rather than how it currently is, and it’s frustrating and depressing to try and share one’s vision of a world transformed with people who just tell you exasperatedly ‘but that’s not how the world works’. So lefties tend to band together in groups where they can – to a greater or lesser extent – share visions for how the world ought to be.
The problem with this, though, is that how the world ought to be is a movable feast. As it’s grounded only in hopes, dreams, aspirations, rather than observable reality, there’s nothing to stop my lefty vision diverging from yours. At that point, if these two lefties are to continue feeling part of the same movement, there’s a competition for which vision wins out. It would be nice if this were always conducted as a straight competition for which ideal is the most inspiring, but in practice among radicals the main weapon in the battle of ideas is to accuse your ideological opponent of not really being left-wing, or not left-wing enough. Not pure enough.
Under Stalin the purging of visions of transformation that competed with Uncle Joe’s took a literal and brutal form: arrest, incarceration, execution. Fortunately, at least for the moment, we inhabit a world where Owen Jones has no power to send those he dislikes to the gulag, so he is confined to prattling in the Guardian or on Twitter; but trust me, when he warns his fans off centrism and transphobia thus, the mechanism is the same. If you don’t agree with me, you’re not in my gang. You’re a centrist. A Tory. Excommunicated!
Since the 1960s, the march of progressivism has taken on one cause after another, beginning with racism, sexism and homophobia. On these fronts it has indisputably made the world a better place in some respects: we should all treat one another equally and with equal courtesy. As significant gains have been chalked up on these fronts, new anti-discrimination fronts have opened up, of which the latest is transgender rights. Because progressivism works like the EU’s acquis communautaire, right-thinking leftists are expected to add each new progressive cause to those that preceded it. All must be espoused and vocally supported. And it’s one out, all out: to fail in espousing a single progressive cause celebre is to fail entirely as a leftist. (Outside the proper causes, it’s open season: you can support all the genocidal Soviets and IRA bombers you like. But woe betide you if you put a foot wrong on the progressive causes. Campaign all your life for trafficked women, the welfare state, whatever; if you said a bad thing about trans women once in 1992 we will picket you until you die, then dance on your grave.
The problem radical feminists face right now is that they must either abandon their radical feminism, or be abandoned by the left. Radical feminism holds that gender is not a binary but a hierarchy, one perpetuated by a patriarchal society with the intent of keeping women in a subordinate position. The trans activist position, that gender is a matter of inner feelings and identity, seen from this perspective, is an outrage: if gender is a matter of feelings and individual choice, how can anyone critique the unfair power relations perpetuated by social gender structures? Surely if you’re not comfortable with your designation you should just find an identity that’s more comfortable? Radical feminists argue that it just doesn’t work like that. Identifying as something other than female doesn’t change the fact that I’m female bodied, and being female bodied is where it all begins.
So, radical feminists cannot support the literalists of transgender activism, who put inner gender identity ahead of perceptible physiological materiality and state that to be a woman one must simply identify as one. In circular fashion, when asked to define ‘woman’, the answer is ‘someone who identifies as one’. Thus radical feminists have set themselves against transgenderism, which is the current darling of the left. One out, all out: if you question us on this front, you’re probably a bigot on all the others too. Hell, you might even be a centrist.
A lot of feminists are angry at the injustice of this, as in the thread I quoted earlier. We campaign all our lives for the world as we think it ought to be, and for the sake of a few men in dresses you want to take our leftist identities from us? Fuck you. But this is a waste of time. Why? Because the progressive ratchet is relentless. What started with obvious injustices such as racism seeks out ever more nebulous forms of injustice and discrimination to attack, and ever more authoritarian means of doing so. The revolutionary vanguard of the social justice movement is leaving a trail of bruised, angry former leftists in its wake – excommunicants barred from belonging for questioning – say – the impact of open-borders immigration on the indigenous working class, or whether a male-bodied individual with a bass voice, a receding hairline and a fully functioning penis can truly be a woman. American standup comic Owen Benjamin recently stated in a podcast ‘I arrived in LA as a left-winger, and I’m leaving it with people calling me a conservative. My political views haven’t changed’.
Radical feminists, the left is moving under you. Has moved under you. Your political views may not have changed, but some of them now disqualify you for membership of the left. The next group to discover this will be LGB activists, from the days when it really was LGB and not today’s alphabet soup. Your choice is simple: give up radical feminism, or give up on the left.
Though of course it’s up to your personal conscience, in my view the radical feminist analysis of gender relations is an important one, so I hope you choose the latter. The upside is that if you do so, you no longer need to feel hurt and angry when people accuse you of things which are only a problem if you want people to see you as a lefty – such as being a transphobic centrist. You also don’t need to be in Owen Jones’ gang any more. What’s not to like?
Posted in feminism, gender, identity politics, Leftism
Published by Mary Harrington
Mary Harrington is a columnist at Unherd who writes about post-liberal politics. View all posts by Mary Harrington
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SpeechFinders Speakers Bureau Home » Speakers » Humor
Host of Emmy-winning "Dennis Miller Live." One of the premier comedy talents in America!
It has been said that Dennis Miller is "one of the premier comedy talents in America today..." While others are blunt assessing Miller's comedic stature, Dennis himself makes a virtue of understatement, but there is nothing low key about the career of this Pittsburgh native.Dennis Miller is the host of his own Emmy and CableACE Award-winning half-hour, live talk show, Dennis Miller Live, which returns for a 5th season and airs Friday nights at 11:30 P.M. Dennis Miller Live can best be described … [Read more...]
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There are those who can make you Laugh and there are those who can give you Memorable Content. But no one can give you both with equal intensity like Steve Rizzo. Thanks!!!
Steve Rizzo, PhB, CPAE
Whether you need to motivate your sales and service team, improve employee morale, instill strong leadership skills, deal with stress or embrace change, Steve Rizzo's Common Sense Success Strategies will take your audience to the next level. As one of his clients said, "Never has my group learned so much and laughed so hard in one sitting!"Once upon a time, Steve Rizzo was told by a guidance counselor that he didn't have the intelligence for college. A few years later, he was saddled with the … [Read more...]
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Greg Schwem
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GAP appoints new deputy leader
By Omar Bah
The national executive of the Gambia Action Party has announced the appointment of Omar Beyai as deputy party secretary general and party leader.
Party secretary general Musa Batchilly welcomed Mr Beyai’s appointment and expressed his delight, saying all are equal in GAP.
He said Beyai’s decision to join GAP showed his love for the country, and his intelligence and foresight means he can add value to the party’s cause.
“If you give this country to the GAP, you will see development that has never been seen here before,” he said.
Until the announcement, Mr Beyai was associated with the yet-to-be registered Gambia People’s Party, GPP.
Beyai, who communicated his acceptance of the appointment to the GAP leadership from his base in Sierra Leone yesterday morning, said joining the party is the conclusion of efforts dating months.
“Today, in the interest of the development of the country, I Omar Beyai, have decided to submit to GAP,” he said.
Beyai said he did not join GAP because he was seeking a position, adding, “If I am given a position, I will fulfill it to the letter but I am not here to challenge anybody’s authority”.
“I joined GAP because I believe it is the only party that can deliver this country to the promised land. I urge every Gambian with a voter’s card to vote for GAP in the 2021 presidential election. Voting for us will reflect voting for progress. I will seize this opportunity to urge Gambians to remain united in our daily commitments. Let us not allow our political differences divide us,” he advised.
Previous articleGambia’s h/rights record improving – NHRC
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PASS Wins For Amigo Volo, Big Oil
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Julie Miller Talks Big Oil
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Although just three Grand Circuit stakes races were contested on Thursday (Oct. 3) at the Red Mile, there was more than enough fireworks on track – world records, dead heats, you name it....read on
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Six $30,000 divisions of Pennsylvania All-Stars stakes action for two-year-old trotting males were featured Monday night at The Downs at Mohegan Sun Pocono....read on
DiDomenico Pupils Shine At Gaitway
The last time trainer Scott DiDomenico qualified two-year-olds at Gaitway Farm, it seemed dark clouds followed him at every turn. Of the eight horses he sent into action that morning last June, one posted a win and only one other finished better than fifth....read on
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Posted on September 4, 2020 by Steve
TV Review – GUNSMOKE: MANNON (1969)
GUNSMOKE: MANNON (1969, USA) ****½
net. CBS Television Network; pr co. CBS Television Network; d. Robert Butler; w. Ron Bishop; exec pr. John Mantley; pr. Joseph Dackow; ph. Monroe P. Askins (Colour. 35mm. Spherical. 1.33:1); m. Jaime Mendoza-Nava; th. Rex Koury; ed. Gerard Wilson; ad. Joseph R. Jennings; set d. Herman N. Schoenbrun; cos. Alexander Velcoff; m/up. Glen Alden, Newton Jones, Gertrude Wheeler; sd. Vernon W. Kramer (Mono); tr. 20 January 1969; r/t. 50m.
cast: James Arness (Matt Dillon), Milburn Stone (Doc), Amanda Blake (Kitty), Ken Curtis (Festus), Steve Forrest (Will Mannon), Buck Taylor (Newly), Glenn Strange (Sam Noonan), James Nusser (Louie Pheeters), Roy Barcroft (Roy), Charles Seel (Barney Danches), Ted Jordan (Nathan Burke), Woody Chambliss (Woody Lathrop), Tom Brown (Ed O’Connor), Charles Wagenheim (Ed Halligan), Howard Culver (Howie Uzzell), Michelle Breeze (Chris), Fred Dale (Townsman), Nick Borgani (Townsman (uncredited)), Stephen Burnette (Townsman (uncredited)), Bert Madrid (Townsman (uncredited)), Jimmy Noel (Townsman (uncredited)).
(s. 14 ep. 17) Will Mannon (Forrest), brutal and sadistic, comes to Dodge City planning to kill Matt Dillon (Arness) and cement his fearsome reputation. He first shoots and wounds Festus (Curtis) outside of Dodge, leaving Festus lying in the dirt and taking his mule Ruth to ride into town. He intimidates Dodge City residents, claiming to hold four aces in a poker game with the other players afraid to see his actual hand. Finally, he assaults Kitty (Blake). Finally, Matt returns to Dodge to confront the brutal Mannon. This is one of the series’ greatest episodes. Well-written with an unusual depth and superbly directed, this has an adult frankness rare in the TV of the day. Forrest delivers one of his very best performances as the Quantrill rider out to maintain his reputation ten years after the end of the Civil War. Blake is excellent here and her scenes with Forrest are TV drama at its best. The final shootout is both surprising and a fitting finale. Arness, Blake, Taylor, and Forrest reprised their roles from this episode 18 years later in the television movie GUNSMOKE: RETURN TO DODGE (1987).
CategoriesTV Reviews TagsAmanda Blake, Buck Taylor, Gunsmoke, James Arness, Ken Curtis, Milburn Stone, Steve Forrest, Western
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