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__label__wiki	0.506477	0.506477	Mid-Day Music at Columbia featuring Lucia Ticho, cello Wednesday, February 21, 2018 - 1:00pm to 2:00pm Faculty House map Come join us in the Garden Room at Faculty House, where Students and Music Associates from Columbia University's Music Performance Program will be showcased in an afternoon recital series. Benjamin Britten: Cello Sonata, Op. 65 I. Dialogo - Allegro II. Scherzo-Pizzicato - Allegretto III. Elegia - Lento IV. Marcia - Energico V. Moto Perpetuo - Presto Candice Chien, piano David Popper: Suite for 2 Cellos, Op. 16 I. Andante Grazioso II. Gavotte V. Marcia - Finale Elena Ariza, cello Astor Piazzola: Le Grand Tango Hana Mizuta, piano Lucie Ticho, cellist, is a native of Chicago. She is currently pursuing her bachelor’s degree at Columbia University. As a student of the Columbia-Juilliard exchange program, she takes cello lessons with Richard Aaron. Before coming to New York, she studied with Tanya Carey and served as the principal cellist of the Chicago Youth Symphony Orchestra. Lucie has performed as a soloist with the Elgin Symphony, the CYSO and its chamber symphony, and a number of other Chicago area orchestras, and has appeared on NPR’s From The Top and Performance Today. She has been a semifinalist in the Stulberg, Klein, and Johansen International String Competitions. She was also a Youngarts Foundation laureate and a medalist in the Chicago Symphony Orchestra’s Crain Maling Concerto Competition and the Music Teachers National Association (MTNA) Competition. Lucie has attended numerous music programs, including the Aspen Music Festival, the New York String Orchestra Seminar, the Bowdoin International Music Festival, and the National Youth Orchestra of the United States. She has collaborated with internationally acclaimed artists such as violinist Stefan Jackiw and dancer Charles “Lil Buck” Riley, and she has performed at venues as diverse as Carnegie Hall and NBA stadiums. When she is not playing cello, Lucie enjoys reading, being outdoors, and seeing her cats. She is pursuing a degree in political science at Columbia. All events are sponsored by Columbia University's Music Performance Program and are free and open to the public. Mid-Day Music @ Columbia offers live music to a general audience, following the tradition established by Aaron Warner and Isidor Isaac Rabi, great lovers of music whose memories live on at Faculty House. For more information about performers or program details, please visit: MID-DAY MUSIC	cc/2019-30/en_head_0049.json.gz/line13023
__label__wiki	0.846319	0.846319	Archive for the tag “Beira Central Hospital” Press Release of the Joint Commission: present status of the Dialogue for Peace in Mozambique (24.08.2016) Posted in Africa, Army, Civil Service, Development, Diplomacy, Ethics, Governance, Government, Law, Leadership, Politics and tagged ACIPOL, Administrative Regions, Afonso Dhlakama, African News Agency, AK-47, Ambushes, Armando Mude, Armed Men, Assassination attempts, Assault Rifles, Banditry, Bandits, Bank of Mozambique, Bebedo, Beira, Beira Central Hospital, CanalMoz, Cease Fire, Central Province Sofala, Chimoio, Chinese Economy, Cipriano Sineque, Citizens, Civil Disobedience, Colonialists, Democratic Movement of Mozambique, Dhlakama, Dina Inacio, Divisiveness, Emdio Xavier, Endemic Violence, Fernando Domigos, Fillipe Nyusi, Frelimo, Frelimo-led Government, Ghelli, Gorongosa, Gorongosa District, Gorongosa Hill, GoSA, Government of Mozambique, Government of South Africa, GoZA, H.E. Filipe Nyusi, H.E. Jacob Zuma, Horacio Calavete, Immigrants, immigration, Ivone Soares, Jacinto Veloso, Jacob Gedleyihlekisa Zuma, Jacob Zuma, Legal Cover, Liberation War, Lucinda Malema, Lutero Simango, Lutse Rumeia, Maite Nkoana-Mashabane, Malawi, Manica Provencial Police, Manica Provincial Police, Manuel Bissopo, Manuel Boavida, Manuel Camachu, Maputo, Matos Junior Edundo-Galiza, MDM, Migration, Military Hostilities, Monetary Police Committee, Mozambican, Mozambican Government, Mozambican Rebel Movement, Mozambique, Mozambique Liberation Front, Mozambique National Resistance, Mutamba, Ndapitaia, Nhamatada District, Nhamatanda, Niassa, Northern Part of Mozambique, Noticias, Parliamentary Party, Peace agreement, Peace Deal, Penal Code, Police Academy of of Sciences, Politico-Military, Portugese Colonialists, President Filipe Nyusi, President Nyusi, Radio Mozambique, Rebel, Refugee Agency, Refugees, Refuguee, Reintegration, Renamo, Renamo Gunmen, SADC, Security Forces, Seizure of Power, Skirmishes, Sofala, South Africa, South Africa's Minister of International Relations and Cooperation, South African High Commission, Southern Africa, Southern African Development Community, State Security, Talapa, Tete, The UN Refugee Agency, Tribalism, U.S. Dollar, UN, UN Refugee Agency, United Nations, Victim, Zambezia, Zambia, Zimbabwean Border \| Leave a comment A look into the recent events in Mozambique; as Renamo can’t accept Frelimo’s grip of power; while MDM stays in the shadow; the citizens and the army needs answers while refugees flee to Malawi from the violence; President Nyusi have a job to do! Here I will go through the days and happenings between the Frelimo (Mozambique Liberation Front) and the Renamo (Mozambique National Resistance). This here will show the actual struggle between them as it where, day by day from the 3rd February to the 6th of March. There been a lot of actions. This is not something new as the two groups have fought against each other. They had signed a general peace agreement in Rome back in the day 4th October 1992. There been flaring clashes between the government forces under orders from Frelimo and the opposition Renamo. Even as there been steady cease-fires and battles between them, even in 2013 and the last one in October in 2014! As the last one left it peacefully enough to have campaign time during the late months of 2014. So hat President Filipe Nyuse could be sworn-in on 15th January 2015. So the flaring clashes and skirmishes between them started late 2015. But I have put the latest ones to prove that this seems more likely to systematically and that the parties involved in doing it to their own gain. As the people of Mozambique is the ones that loose on the instability and unsure environment. That cannot be seen as positive view on the latest expansion of the actions. What worries me is the Government of Mozambique claiming that it is ordinary migration that is the reason for the fleeing people from the country to Malawi, while the reports from Malawi proves the sinister and violent aggression they have seen and felt from both Frelimo and Renamo. Take a look! On the 3rd February: “President Filipe Nyusi declared on 3 February that the heroes who fell in the struggle to liberate the country from Portuguese colonial rule “do not signify only the past, but also the present, and they will signify the future – the future that we are all building” (…)”The future that Mozambicans are building, the President said, should reflect the efforts and sacrifices made by the country’s heroes during the liberation war. He stressed that the goal of the country’s heroes, was not merely to throw out the Portuguese colonialists, but to ensure independence in the economic as well as the political sphere” (…)“While the people still do not have drinking water, electricity, sufficient schools and hospitals, we still have not competed the mission for which our heroes fell”, he declared. “This is a moment for reflection, for commitment to the development of Mozambique” (AIM, 2016). On the 5th February: “Six Renamo gunmen shot a community leader, Cipriano Sineque, and his son in Bebedo, Nhamatanda, Sofala, on 5 February. The head of the Bebedo locality, Bernabe Ndapitaia, who accompanied the wounded men to the Beira hospital, said that Renamo is targeting traditional chiefs and community leaders, in an attempt to weaken these authorities. This was the fourth such incident in the area. “All the community leaders in that area no longer sleep at home, because they are afraid the Renamo men will come after them”, said Ndapitaia. “The Renamo men have drawn up a list of their victims”. “Fear has spread through the area”, he added” (Hanlon, 2016). “The Mozambican police force has promised to block any attempt by opposition movement Renamo to install checkpoints on the country’s main highways, in what Renamo is billing as an effort to protect its members from kidnap and assassination attempts” (…)”Horacio Calavete, a Renamo official in Beira, the capital of central province Sofala, told reporters on Monday 8 February that Renamo would set up road blocks at “strategic points” on the north-south EN1 highway, and the east-west EN6 that runs between Beira and the Zimbabwean border in the province of Manica” (…)”The alleged incident is the latest in a series of claims and counter-claims from both Renamo and the Frelimo-led government that each side is attacking individuals on the other side” (Zitamar, 2016). On the 10th February: “Asked whether South Africa would play a role in the political crisis in Mozambique, Maite Nkoana-Mashabane, South Africa’s Minister of International Relations and Cooperation, reportedly said that there had been no official request for South Africa to get involved. If such a request were to be made, the cabinet would first consult with the Mozambican government, she told the African News Agency during a visit to Maputo on Wednesday 10 February. ‘Mozambique has an elected government,’ she is quoted as saying” (Louw-Vaudran, 2016). “Five cars were fired upon on Mozambique’s main north-south highway north of the River Save today, a police spokeswoman said, blaming gunmen from opposition movement Renamo for the attacks which killed no one but left three people injured” (…)”The stretch of road where the attacks took place, between the River Save and the town of Muxungue, was the scene of repeated Renamo attacks on vehicles in 2013 and 2014, before a cease-fire was agreed in September 2014 to allow Renamo to take part in elections the following month” (Zitamar, 2016). “The Mozambican police force has promised to block any attempt by opposition movement Renamo to install checkpoints on the country’s main highways, in what Renamo is billing as an effort to protect its members from kidnap and assassination attempts” (…)”Speaking in the capital Maputo today, police spokesman Inacio Dina told journalists any Renamo checkpoints would be illegal, and the police “will use the legitimate means it has in its mandate to restore order.”(ExxAfrica, 2016). “Afonso Dhlakama, leader of Mozambique’s former rebel movement Renamo, says President Jacob Zuma is favourably disposed towards mediating in the conflict between Renamo and the Mozambican government” (…)”Dhlakama nonetheless insisted that Renamo had sent a letter to Zuma via the South African High Commission in Maputo and had received an encouraging response” (ANA, 2016). “Renamo returned to war with attacks Thursday and Friday on the N1, the main north-south road, in Sofala province. Eight cars were shot at; six people were injured but there were no fatalities” (…)”Renamo secretary general Manuel Bissopo was seriously injured and his bodyguard killed in a drive-by shooting in Beira on Wednesday 20 January. Dhlakama’s convoy was shot at on 12 and 25 September last year” (Hanlon, 2016). “Policy makers increased the rate by 100 basis points to 10.75 percent, the Maputo-based institution said in an e-mailed statement on Monday” (…)“The Bank of Mozambique’s Monetary Policy Committee assessed the recent developments in the international economic context, in which the slowdown of the economic activity of developed economies, emerging markets and the Southern African Development Community region stands out,” it said. “The deceleration of the Chinese economy and the persistent decline in commodity prices are the main risk factors in the international context, with probable impacts on global growth, in a context that’s still characterized by the persistent strengthening of the U.S. dollar.” (McDonald, 2016). “Gunmen of the former rebel movement Renamo murdered an official of the ruling Frelimo Party in Nhamatanda district, in the central Mozambican province of Sofala on Monday morning, according to a report in Tuesday’s issue of the Maputo daily “Noticias”” (…)”The Nhamatanda district administrator, Boavida Manuel, told reporters that Silva was murdered at his home shortly after midnight by a group of six Renamo gunmen. His wife, 47 year old Dorca Benjamin, was seriously injured, and is currently under medical care in Beira Central Hospital” (AllAfrica, 2016). “The state-owned Radio Mozambique reported that the clash happened when a Renamo armed group attacked a road block early Wednesday on a tertiary road in Gorongosa district, central Mozambican province of Sofala” (…)“In an exchange of fire, a policeman was killed and a Renamo fighter also died”, said Manuel Camachu, administrator of the area, adding that the fighting lasted for 30 minutes and the Renamo men fled to the bush. Gorongosa used to be Renamo’s stronghold during the ended civil war Renamo waged against the Frelimo-led government” (News Ghana, 2016). “At the opening session of the third ordinary session of Parliament, the parliamentary leader of Frelimo (Mozambique Liberation Front) called for negotiations and her colleague from Renamo (Mozambique National Resistance) said that her party is prepared to talk, but questioned the good faith of the other party” (…)“As for the negotiations or dialogue for peace, Renamo is ready,” said Ivone Soares, while adding that agreements signed in the past have not been implemented and questioning guarantees that “future commitments will be honoured in the spirit and in the letter” (…)“The country is experiencing a climate of tension created by Renamo, endangering development,” said Talapa, who expressed regret over the “incendiary and totally irresponsible speeches” being delivered in parliament, and for incitements to “civil disobedience, divisiveness, tribalism and war as means of coming to power” (…)”The MDM (Democratic Movement of Mozambique), the third-largest parliamentary force, also addressed the political and military crisis, arguing that “Mozambicans do not deserve another war” nor more violations of human rights and an autocratic state” (…) “This endemic violence must stop and give way to constructive dialogue”, Lutero Simango, parliamentary leader of the MDM, said, adding that “peace is not a matter of a party or two,” but “a national imperative” that must be everyone’s agenda” (Lusa, 2016). “MARGARIDA TALAPA, Head of the Parliamentary Group of the ruling FRELIMO Party says the dissidents have caused tensions in the SADC country” (…)”Ms TALAPA says such people also understand perfectly well dialogue is the best option for obtaining effective peace in MOZAMBIQUE; but the supposedly reasonable wing of RENAMO is made up of cowards” (…)”She has further called on RENAMO to comply with the agreement on a cessation of military hostilities, which it signed on FIVE SEPTEMBER 2014, and call on its operatives to hand over their weapons” (…)”She claims the ruling party manipulates the defence and security forces, and attacks RENAMO forces which are awaiting reintegration” (Saba, 2016). “Authorities in Mozambique are disputing reports that over 6,000 refugees in Malawi are fleeing skirmishes in the northern part of the Mozambique between Frelimo and Renamo” (…)”BBC on Friday quoted the Mozambican President Filipe Nyusi as saying there was no war in the country warranting the fleeing of some people, described asylum seeker in Malawi as a normal migration” (…)”Refugees interview by the BBC said they fled Frelimo brutality. Some woman claimed they were raped by government soldiers as punishment for “shielding” Renamo rebels” (Khamula, 2016). On the 21st February: “More than 6,000 Mozambicans have fled to neighboring Malawi since mid-December to escape clashes between government forces and armed militants of the main opposition party Renamo, according to the United Nations Refugee Agency” (…)”The number of people fleeing Mozambique has been increasing because of the clashes between Renamo and government forces,” Ghelli said. “The asylum seekers told us this.” (Odziwa, 2016). On the 22nd February: “The man, Domingos Jose, is a major in the Renamo militia, who was demobilized in 1994, after the end of the war of destabilization. His arrest is further evidence that Renamo is attempting to recall men who were supposed to have returned to civilian life 22 years ago” (…)”According to a report in Monday’s issue of the Maputo daily “Noticias”, Jose was one of a group of five Renamo gunmen, armed with AK-47 assault rifles, who attacked the police post in an abortive attempt to seize the weapons it contained” (AllAfrica, 2016). On the 23rd February: “Gunmen of the Mozambican revel movement Renamo injured two policemen in an ambush on Saturday in the Mutamba region of Barue district, in the central province of Manica” (…)”The Manica provincial police commander, Armando Mude, confirmed that two policemen were slightly injured in the ambush which occurred at about 12.00” (…)”Mude said that after this incident calm returned to Mutamba. He dismissed the Renamo ambush as mere banditry, and insisted that security along the road is guaranteed” (AIM, 2016). “President Filipe Nyusi today reiterated his willingness to dialogue “without preconditions” with the largest opposition party in Mozambique, Renamo, appealing “to all of Mozambique’s friends” not to encourage the use of weapons” (…)”We reiterate our openness to dialogue without preconditions,” said the head of State of Mozambique, speaking at a graduation ceremony at the Police Academy of Sciences (ACIPOL) in Maputo” (…)”Mozambique is experiencing a situation of political uncertainty for several months and the leader of Renamo threatens to seize power in six northern and central provinces of the country, where the opposition movement claims victory in the general elections of October 2014” (…)”The President Filipe Nyusi has reiterated ihis willingness to meet with the leader of Renamo, but Afonso Dhlakama believes that there is nothing to talk about, Frelimo having rejected in parliament the timely revision of the Constitution to give legal cover to the new administrative regions claimed by the opposition and says that dialogue will only resume after the seizure of power in the centre and north of the country” (Lusa, 2016). On the 1st March: “Afonso Dhlakama, leader of the Mozambican rebel movement Renamo, has declared that any dialogue with the government is dependent on Renamo first taking power in the six central and northern provinces which it claims (Manica, Sofala, Tete, Zambezia, Nampula and Niassa)” (…)”Dhlakama’s position is contained in a statement published in the Renamo information bulletin, which declares “Renamo is willing to hold a dialogue with Frelimo, but demands in the first place the governance of the six provinces where it won the elections. Hence any dialogue in the future should occur when Renamo is effectively governing in those provinces” (…)”As for mediators, the government has repeatedly said it sees no need for foreign mediators in a dispute between Mozambicans. At Renamo’s insistence, a group of Mozambican mediators took part in the dialogue between the government and Renamo that ran from April 2013 to August 2015, when Dhlakama unilaterally suspended it” (AIM, 2016). Reports of actions on the 3rd March: “Mozambique’s state media on Thursday reported that a group of armed men from the main opposition Renamo attacked four civilian vehicles on Thursday morning in the central Mozambican province of Sofala, resulting in a few injuries” (…)”Radio Mozambique spoke to the administrator of Muxungue, Domingos Fernando, who confirmed the attack on four vehicle” (…)”But he said the fourth vehicle, which was heading to the northern city of Nampula was attacked at 7 O’ Clock in the morning” (Coastweek, 2016). “Parliamentary deputies from Mozambique’s ruling Frelimo Party on Thursday urged the Attorney-General’s Office to investigate crimes committed by the rebel movement Renamo, and suggested that Renamo could be outlawed as a political party” (…)”This is the only case in the world where there is a party which is in parliament and at the same time waging war in the bush”, said Frelimo spokesperson Edmundo-Galiza Matos Junior, speaking in the second day of a debate with the government on the politico-military tensions in the country”.(…)“It is time for the Attorney-General to analyse seriously the legality of Renamo in the light of the Constitution and the Penal Code, which were passed here with Renamo voting in favour”, he declared” (…)“Is Renamo a political party or a group of armed men who loot the goods of the people – in short armed bandits?”, asked Lucinda Malema, while Lutse Rumeia said “Renamo should have been banned a long time ago. It’s no more than a gang of terrorists and bandits” (…)“Emdio Xavier added a demand that the government should suspend all payments to Renamo. AS a parliamentary party, Renamo receives a monthly state subsidy in proportion to the number of seats it holds” (AllAfrica, 2016). On 4th March: “The Mozambican government has deployed about 2,000 soldiers to the opposition’s Gorongosa District stronghold, the media reported” (…)”The deployment, the Moçambique para todos newspaper said, was being seen as targeting the Gorongosa hill, believed to be the hideout of the main opposition Renamo leader, Mr Afonso Dhlakama” (…)”According to Mr Dhlakama, the Mozambican government had ignored calls for dialogue with the opposition, but President Filipe Nyusi insists he would settle for nothing short of direct talks with the opposition leader” (Viera, 2016). “Mozambique President Filipe Nyusi has sent a letter to Afonso Dhlakama, the leader of the country’s main opposition party and rebel militia, inviting him to urgent talks on how to restore peace to the country” (…) ”Renamo said in a statement on Friday that Dhlakama is available for talks with the Frelimo government, while condemning an alleged build-up of 4,500 troops from Mozambique’s military and police forces in preparation for a military “mega-offensive” in the central Mozambican provinces of Manica and Sofala. Daily newspaper CanalMoz said on Thursday the government has sent around 2,000 troops to Gorongosa, the district within Sofala where Dhlakama is currently based” (…)”According to a statement released late on Friday, 4 March by the President’s office, Nyusi has appointed a team of three including Jacinto Veloso, a veteran of the war of liberation and a former head of intelligence and state security, to prepare the meeting between Nyusi and Dhlakama” (Zitamar, 2016). On the 6th March: “Gunmen of the Mozambican rebel movement Renamo on Saturday morning opened fire on a bus in the central province of Manica, killing two people and injuring a further eight” (…)”The ambush took place in the Honde area, in Barue district, on the main road from the provincial capital, Chimoio, to Tete, and on to Malawi and Zambia” (…)”Addressing a press conference in Chimoio, the Manica provincial police commander, Armando Canheze, said that because the ambush took place near a position of the defence and security forces, police were able to reach the scene before the attackers had an opportunity to loot the bus” (AllAfrica, 2016). (From what I found) Numbers Deaths 4 Injured 21 This numbers are surely small and might be even bigger as some reports are vague about the amount of people injured at an attack from Renamo as the score is not set. Also the witness report from the people of Malawi does not specify the actual numbers that has been hit. The numbers I have contained is the numbers that are specific in the reports I have collected. So my numbers can only give an indication and not be the actual number of people hurt/injured or dead by the Renamo, army or the police in these skirmishes. What is very obvious is that Renamo men work in one way and have two main tactics. Going in 6 man groups to houses of governmental leaders or Frelimo leaders to injure or kill them a as a tactically spreading fear, also ambushing main roads to make daily-life into a dangerous journey and show the weakness of the government forces. What is also very clear is that Frelimo have not delivered everything promised earlier for certain reasons, as the army and police work against the Renamo, and who answered who on at this stage is hard to say. As the 1992 peace agreement promised either guerrillas or armies to become political actors, so both Frelimo and Renamo have arms and now how to use arms. Though at any point Frelimo always have the upper-hand as a government entity and the rule of power. As this also open the questions if they as a longstanding ruling party have used the government facilities, institutions, funds and armies to secure the role of government, yet again as they have been the main party since in independence in Mozambique. And because of this divide a newly formed party has surfaced called MDM (Democratic Movement of Mozambique) they can bring some form civility between Frelimo and Renamo as they have both new and old wounds. The most astonishing thing for me is that the government and the President Nyusi together with fellow party fellows claiming that the people fleeing the skirmishes and battles between the government forces and the Renamo army is ordinary migration. When the amount of the people who flees at once it is not ordinary migration, as the 6,000 people deserves better and be taken serious by a President, not only by the authorities of Malawi, but also the Mozambique government as they have been responsible for this people and still are as they are initially their citizens and had homes in districts close to Malawi and areas that was under control of Renamo. Renamo is responsible as well, as they are part of parliament and lawful created party who supposed to generate peace after recent agreements, but this here seem like a long-serving power-struggle that seems to last a bit longer. The once that is hurt is not the elite of Renamo and Frelimo, but the stakes of Mozambique’s citizens and their businesses. The altercations and implications of this can weaken the economy and not get the best deals as certain business and operations will shun the country as they will not be associated with the armies and violence. But it is never easy to say and predict, but the parties of Renamo and Frelimo; need to get a genuine peace-deal and a agreement that actually stick since they have gone back and forth; and doesn’t seem to stop unless their leaders dies. That is the President Nyusi and Afonso Dhlakama! I don’t wish anybody death, but seem that none of them will ever back-down and the President Nyusi will not give in, as the ruling party will stay there by any means, the same for Renamo’s leader Dhlakama. Even if Dhlakama want to have mediation with ANCs leader and South African President Zuma does not validate the ambushes and trying to attempt killings at government officials. To an outsider does sound like mixed messages. While progression from Nyusi is not strengthen him or his government; as the weaken routes and heavy deployment does on escalate the battles between the parties and their armed armies as they currently fight for supremacy and legitimacy. I feel sorry for the once that are in the middle the battles between the parties and the citizens who are targeted by the armies or used for political gain. Peace. AIM – ‘Dhlakama puts conditions on dialogue’ (01.03.2016) link: http://www.thezimbabwean.co/2016/03/dhlakama-puts-conditions-on-dialogue/ AIM – ‘Renamo gunmen ambush police in Barue’ (23.02.2016) link: http://www.thezimbabwean.co/2016/02/renamo-gunmen-ambush-police-in-barue/ AIM – ‘President Nyusi lays wreath at Heroes’ Monument’ (04.02.2016) link: http://www.manicapost.com/president-nyusi-lays-wreath-at-heroes-monument/ AllAfrica – ‘Mozambique: Frelimo Deputies Suggest Outlawing Renamo’ (03.03.2016) link: http://allafrica.com/stories/201603040268.html AllAfrica – ‘Mozambique: Renamo Major Captured’ (22.02.2016) link: http://allafrica.com/stories/201602230158.html AllAfrica – ‘Mozambique: Renamo Murders Frelimo Official in Sofala’ (16.02.2016) link: http://allafrica.com/stories/201602170089.html AllAfrica – ‘Mozambique: Renamo Gunmen Murder Two in Attack On Bus’ (06.03.2016) link: http://allafrica.com/stories/201603060317.html Africa News Agency – ‘Renamo leader wants Zuma to mediate in Mozambique’ (13.02.2016) link: https://www.enca.com/africa/renamo-leader-wants-zuma-mediate Coastweek – ‘Armed Renamo men said to attack vehicles in central Mozambique’ (05.03.2016) link: http://www.coastweek.com/3907-Armed-Renamo-men-reportedly-attack-vehicles-in-central-Mozambique.htm ExxAfrica – ‘MOZAMBIQUE POLICE VOW TO BLOCK RENAMO CHECKPOINT PLAN’ (12.02.2016) link: http://www.exxafrica.com/mozambique-police-vow-to-block-renamo-checkpoint-plan/ Hanlon, Joseph – ‘Mozambique: Back to War – New Renamo Attacks On N1’ (14.02.2016) link: http://allafrica.com/stories/201602140334.html Khamula, Owen – ‘Mozambique disown refugees in Malawi’ (20.02.2016) link: http://www.nyasatimes.com/2016/02/20/mozambique-disowns-refugees-in-malawi/ Louw-Vaudran – ‘Mozambique’s success story under threat’ (19.02.2016) link: https://www.issafrica.org/iss-today/mozambiques-success-story-under-threat Lusa – ‘Mozambican PR reiterates readiness to dialogue “without preconditions” with Renamo’ (26.02.2016) link: http://clubofmozambique.com/news/mozambican-pr-reiterates-readiness-to-dialogue-without-preconditions-with-renamo/ Lusa – ‘Frelimo and Renamo blame each other for instability in Mozambique’ (18.02.2016) link: http://clubofmozambique.com/news/frelimo-and-renamo-blame-each-other-for-instability-in-mozambique/ McDonald – Daniel – ‘Mozambique Raises Interest Rates as Inflation Pressures Mount’ (15.02.2016) link: http://www.dailynewsx.com/news/business-news/mozambique-raises-interest-rates-as-inflation-pressures-mount-27281.html News Ghana – ‘Two die in clashes in central Mozambique’ (17.02.2016) link: http://www.newsghana.com.gh/two-die-in-clashes-in-central-mozambique/ Odziwa, James – ‘HAS SENT AN INFLUX OF REFUGEES INTO MALAWI’ (21.02.2016) link: http://www.maravipost.com/life-and-style/badnews/10508-clashes-between-mozambican-government-forces-and-renamo-in-tete-has-sent-an-influx-of-refugees-into-malawi.html Saba – ‘MP ACCUSES RENAMO LAWMAKERS OF CONDONING ARMED VIOLENCE’ (19.02.2016) link: http://www.sabaorg.com/mp-accuses-renamo-lawmakers-of-condoning-armed-violence/ Viera, Arnaldo – ‘Mozambican government deploys troops ‘to hunt’ for opposition leader’ (04.03.2016) link: http://www.africareview.com/News/Mozambican-government-deploys-troop-to-opposition-stronghold/-/979180/3103114/-/1261vys/-/index.html Zitamar – ‘Renamo accused of attacking cars on Mozambique highway’ (11.02.2016) link: http://zitamar.com/renamo-accused-of-attacking-cars-on-mozambique-highway/ Zitamar – ‘ozambique police vow to block Renamo checkpoint plan’ (09.02.2016) link: http://zitamar.com/mozambique-police-vow-to-block-renamo-checkpoint-plan/ Zitamar – ‘Nyusi invites Dhlakama for Mozambique peace talks’ (05.03.2016) link: http://zitamar.com/nyusi-invites-dhlakama-mozambique-peace-talks/ Posted in Africa, Army, Business, Civil Service, Crime, Development, Economic Measures, Economy, Election, Ethics, Governance, Government, Law, Leadership, Politics, Tax, Trade and tagged ACIPOL, Administrative Regions, Afonso Dhlakama, African News Agency, AK-47, Ambushes, Armando Mude, Armed Men, Assassination attempts, Assault Rifles, Banditry, Bandits, Bank of Mozambique, Bebedo, Beira, Beira Central Hospital, CanalMoz, Cease Fire, Central Province Sofala, Chimoio, Chinese Economy, Cipriano Sineque, Citizens, Civil Disobedience, Colonialists, Democratic Movement of Mozambique, Dhlakama, Dina Inacio, Divisiveness, Emdio Xavier, Endemic Violence, Fernando Domigos, Fillipe Nyusi, Frelimo, Frelimo-led Government, Ghelli, Gorongosa, Gorongosa District, Gorongosa Hill, GoSA, Government of Mozambique, Government of South Africa, GoZA, H.E. Filipe Nyusi, H.E. Jacob Zuma, Horacio Calavete, Immigrants, immigration, Ivone Soares, Jacinto Veloso, Jacob Gedleyihlekisa Zuma, Jacob Zuma, Legal Cover, Liberation War, Lucinda Malema, Lutero Simango, Lutse Rumeia, Maite Nkoana-Mashabane, Malawi, Manica Provencial Police, Manica Provincial Police, Manuel Bissopo, Manuel Boavida, Manuel Camachu, Maputo, Matos Junior Edundo-Galiza, MDM, Migration, Military Hostilities, Monetary Police Committee, Mozambican, Mozambican Government, Mozambican Rebel Movement, Mozambique, Mozambique Liberation Front, Mozambique National Resistance, Mutamba, Ndapitaia, Nhamatada District, Nhamatanda, Niassa, Northern Part of Mozambique, Noticias, Parliamentary Party, Peace agreement, Peace Deal, Penal Code, Police Academy of of Sciences, Politico-Military, Portugese Colonialists, President Filipe Nyusi, President Nyusi, Radio Mozambique, Rebel, Refugee Agency, Refugees, Refuguee, Reintegration, Renamo, Renamo Gunmen, SADC, Security Forces, Seizure of Power, Skirmishes, Sofala, South Africa, South Africa's Minister of International Relations and Cooperation, South African High Commission, Southern Africa, Southern African Development Community, State Security, Talapa, Tete, The UN Refugee Agency, Tribalism, U.S. Dollar, UN, UN Refugee Agency, United Nations, Victim, Zambezia, Zambia, Zimbabwean Border \| Leave a comment	cc/2019-30/en_head_0049.json.gz/line13027
__label__wiki	0.552481	0.552481	zzzs Roberta Sala Postdoctoral Research Fellow, Reproductive Biology Current Research and Scholarly Interests I am a cell and molecular biologist by training. During my PhD I worked on the identification of thymidine kinase 1 phosphorylation status during cell cycle progression and its relevance for PET imaging of cell proliferation. In the Stearns lab I was interested in how cells cope with multiple centrosomes and what are the mechanisms ensuring centrosome number homeostasis. In the Sebastiano lab I am studying germ cell differentiation and what are the cell biological effects of de-differentiation. Judith Imelda Sanchez Clinical Assistant Professor (Affiliated) [SCVMC], Obstetrics & Gynecology Vittorio Sebastiano Assistant Professor (Research) of Obstetrics and Gynecology (Reproductive and Stem Cell Biology) Current Research and Scholarly Interests The thread of Ariadne that connects germ cells, preimplatation development and pluripotent stem cells is the focus of my research, with a specific interest in human development. My long-term goals are: 1. Understanding the biology of germ cells and and their ability to sustain early preimplantation development; 2. Understanding the mechanisms that regulate very early cell fate decisions in human embryos; 3. Understanding the biology of derivation and maintenance of Pluripotent Stem Cells Elizabeth Seckel Writer 3, Obstetrics & Gynecology - Maternal Fetal Medicine Qingchun Shao Gary M. Shaw NICU Nurses Professor and Professor (Research), by courtesy, of Health Research and Policy (Epidemiology) and of Obstetrics and Gynecology (Maternal Fetal Medicine) Current Research and Scholarly Interests Primary research interests include 1) epidemiology of birth defects, 2) gene-environment approaches to perinatal outcomes, and 3) nutrition and reproductive outcomes. Kate Shaw Clinical Associate Professor, Obstetrics & Gynecology Current Research and Scholarly Interests My research interests include expanding access to and and improving patient experience with contraception and abortion care both domestically and globally. I am also interested in medical education and resilience among physicians and trainees. Gerald Shefren Emeritus Adjunct Clinical Professor, Obstetrics & Gynecology Elizabeth Sherwin Clinical Research Coordinator Associate, Obstetrics & Gynecology - Maternal Fetal Medicine Laurence E. Shields Adjunct Professor, Obstetrics & Gynecology - Maternal Fetal Medicine Karen Sangrim Shin Adjunct Clinical Assistant Professor, Obstetrics & Gynecology Dennis Siegler Clinical Associate Professor (Affiliated), Obstetrics & Gynecology Suk Anita Yin Sit Clinical Assistant Professor (Affiliated) [Kaiser, Santa Clara], Obstetrics & Gynecology Susan Smarr Anna Sokalska Clinical Assistant Professor, Obstetrics & Gynecology - Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility (REI) Eric R. Sokol, MD Associate Professor of Obstetrics and Gynecology (Gynecology-Urogynecology) and, by courtesy, of Urology at the Stanford University Medical Center Current Research and Scholarly Interests My research is focused on the development and testing of novel minimally invasive treatment modalities for complex pelvic floor disorders. Michelle Solone Clinical Assistant Professor, Obstetrics & Gynecology - General Bio Dr. Solone was born at Stanford Hospital and grew up in northern California. She went to UC Davis for college where she studied Exercise Science and was the captain of the cross country and track and field teams. She worked as a personal trainer and teacher before starting medical school at UC Irvine. She then returned to the Bay Area to attend Stanford for her residency in Obstetrics and Gynecology. In her final year of residency she was an Administrative Chief resident. As a Clinical Instructor and Assistant Residency Program Director in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology she enjoys teaching residents, working on Labor and Delivery, performing gynecologic surgery, and seeing a variety of patients at the Gynecology and Obstetrics clinics. She also sees patients at the Palo Alto Veteran's Affairs Gynecology clinic one day per week. Dr. Solone is proud to work at the exceptional institution where she completed her residency training and where her children were delivered. Annie Lucinda Stapleton Marcia L. Stefanick, Ph.D. Professor (Research) of Medicine (Stanford Prevention Research Center), of Obstetrics and Gynecology and, by courtesy, of Health Research and Policy (Epidemiology) Current Research and Scholarly Interests Marcia Stefanick, Ph.D a Professor of Medicine at the Stanford Prevention Research Center, (SPRC) and Professor of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Stanford University School of Medicine. Dr. Stefanicks research focuses on chronic disease prevention (particularly, heart disease, breast cancer, osteoporosis, and dementia) in both women and men. Her work on the effects of menopausal hormones on cardiovascular and other health outcomes in mostly healthy postmenopausal women (in the Womens Health Initiative, WHI), in women with established heart disease, (the Heart and Estrogen-progesterone Replacement Study, HERS), and in peri-menopausal and early post-menopausal women (the Postmenopausal Estrogen and Progesterone Interventions, PEPI) trials has been widely disseminated both nationally and internationally. She was also the principal investigator of two large diet trials focusing on the role of a low-fat eating pattern (including increased vegetables & fruits) on preventing breast cancer (WHI) and recurrence (Womens Healthy Eating and Living, WHEL, trial) and she conducted several medium-sized diet, exercise, and weight control trials focused on heart disease risk and body composition that have influenced national guidelines. [She is currently writing a proposal for a large national trial of physical activity in older women with cardiovascular outcomes, not just risk factors.] Her current passion is the study of Sex (and Gender) Differences in Human Physiology and Disease, the title of a course she teaches in Stanfords Human Biology program, in addition to a course entitled: Current Topics and Controversies in Womens Health. Dr. Stefanick also plays major leadership roles in Stanfords Cardiovascular Institutes Womens Heart Health Program and Stanford Cancer Institutes Cancer Prevention and Control Program. Dr. Stefanick obtained her B.A. in biology from the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA (1974), then pursued her interest in hormone and sex difference research at the Oregon Regional Primate Research Center, after which she obtained her PhD in Physiology at Stanford University, focusing on reproductive physiology and neuroendocrinology with exercise physiology as a secondary focus. Her commitment to human research directed her to a post-doctoral fellowship in Cardiovascular Disease Prevention at SPRC, which has been her academic home for nearly 30 years. Harise Stein Adjunct Clinical Associate Professor, Obstetrics & Gynecology Bio Dr. Harise Stein has multiple clinical, teaching and administrative roles at Stanford in addition to her private practice in Mountain View. -- Stanford Physician PRN Support Director (wellmd.stanford.edu/get-help/prn-support.html), having served as an initial member of the peer support program, a peer support trainer, and author of the peer support manual. In addition, for 8 years, up until January 2019, she served as the WellMD Newsletter editor, and was the creator and webmaster for the WellMD website (wellmd.stanford.edu). She is a frequent speaker on topics of burnout and resilience for medical and community groups. -- Founder and Co-Chair of Stanford Family Abuse Prevention Council, teaching medical and community members about the health effects, recognition and management of partner and family abuse. She has created Stanford websites for domestic abuse (domesticabuse.stanford.edu), child abuse, elder abuse and human trafficking, as well as a monthly abuse research summary (abuseresearch.info) that goes out to a large national and international audience of clinicians, researchers, advocates and policy makers. In addition, she served for seven years as a Commissioner for on the Santa Clara County Domestic Violence Council and has been a member of the LPCH Suspected Child Abuse and Neglect Committee since its formation. -- Director of Stanford Ob/Gyn Preoperative Mind-Body Support program, preparing patients in ob and gyn clinics for upcoming surgery using various techniques including education, mindfulness, relaxation and positive psychology. She is a founding member of the Stanford Integrative Medicine Society and webmaster for the website integrativemedicine.stanford.edu. Through her many years of caring for patients and fellow physicians, she has come to believe that the most important root factor in health and well-being is the power of relationships - how family members treat each other, the impact of an optimal patient-physician interaction, and the support of medical colleagues by and for each other and their relationship with their institution. Maternal Fetal Medicine Reproductive Endocrinology & Infertility Blood Center SHC Clinical Laboratory Residents & Clinical Fellows Postsophomore Fellows Applicant Log in	cc/2019-30/en_head_0049.json.gz/line13028
__label__wiki	0.634044	0.634044	Montreal's roadwork lie: the methodology Linda Gyulai, Montreal Gazette The city of Montreal hasn’t made a dent in its road maintenance deficit since Jean Doré first sounded an alarm bell about the crumbling city when he was mayor in the 1980s. John Mahoney / Montreal Gazette Each year, Montreal forecasts in its capital works program how much it expects to spend to repair roads the following year. But when the year is over, the city doesn’t report in its annual financial statements how much of that forecast it actually spent. The capital works program separates the city’s projected investments in roads, sewers, water mains and other infrastructure into “protection” (meaning repair of existing infrastructure) and “development” (meaning new infrastructure). But the audited financial statements, the only true and accurate report of what the city spent in the previous year, do not. Instead, the financial statements lump spending on repair and new construction together into a global figure. The city refused the Montreal Gazette’s interview request with the bureaucrat in charge of road repair. The newspaper used the following methodology to calculate the city’s annual roadwork spending: Calculate the percentage of overall roadwork investment earmarked as “protection” in the capital works program in a given year. It was usually around 70 to 75 per cent, but could vary wildly — such as 85 per cent in 2008 and 48.7 per cent in 2012. Apply the same percentage to the global roadwork investment figure in the annual audited financial statements that were presented for that year. The figures — all adjusted to current dollars — are revealing: When Gérald Tremblay was elected mayor in 2002, his administration spent less on road repair across the island than was spent on the same territory before the municipal mergers. Tremblay then increased city road repair spending – from $86.55 million in 2003 to $130.87 million in 2004. It barely changed in 2005. Tremblay bumped up spending — to $162.34 million — in 2006, the year his administration instituted a road repair tax. But then Tremblay decreased it — to $146.33 million — in 2007. (The city had established in 2005 that it needed to spend what comes to $272.7 million in current dollars each year just to keep roads in their current condition. This was raised in 2010 to what is $370.4 million in today’s dollars.) Tremblay increased spending to $213.85 million in 2008 and $220.96 million in 2009, with all of the roadwork outsourced to private firms. The city was then hit with corruption scandals, and road repair spending plummeted — and it remained at or below pre-merger levels well into the period that Denis Coderre was mayor. For example, it fell to $57.41 million in 2011. In 2014, under Coderre, it was $100.86 million. In 2015, Coderre increased spending to $149.03 million — about the same as 2007. With the advent of Coderre’s “cosmetic” road repair programs, city spending shot up — to $254.46 million in 2016 and $347.49 million in 2017. Montreal’s roadwork lie: An investigation  Montreal's roadwork lie: An investigation While you were sleeping: 4 dead after Paris blast, mourning in... Lower-income earners 'shut out' by much of Montreal rental market: study Vacation pay tops $447 million as Quebec construction holiday approaches	cc/2019-30/en_head_0049.json.gz/line13031
__label__wiki	0.729431	0.729431	Illustrious Corpses Illustrious Corpses (Italian: Cadaveri eccellenti) is a 1976 Italian thriller film directed by Francesco Rosi and starring Lino Ventura.[1] The film was screened at the 1976 Cannes Film Festival, but was not entered into the main competition.[2] Its title refers to the surrealist game, Cadavre Exquis, invented by André Breton, in which the participants draw consecutive sections of a figure without seeing what the previous person has drawn, leading to unpredictable results, and is meant to describe the meandering nature of the film with its unpredictable foray into the world of political manipulations, as well as the ("illustrous") corpses of the murdered judges. In 2008 the film was selected to enter the list of the 100 Italian films to be saved.[3][4][5] The film starts with the murder of District Attorney Vargas in Palermo, amongst a climate of demonstrations, strikes and political tension between the Left and the government. The subsequent investigation failing, the police assign the protagonist Inspector Rogas (Lino Ventura) to solve the case. While he is starting his investigation, two judges are killed. All victims turn out to have worked together on several cases. After Rogas discovers evidence of corruption surrounding the three government officials, he is encouraged by superiors "not to forage after gossip," but to trail the "crazy lunatic who for no reason whatever is going about murdering judges." This near admission of guilt drives Rogas to seek out three men wrongfully convicted by the murdered judges. He is joined by a journalist friend working for a far-left newspaper, Cusan. Rogas finds his likely suspect in Cres, a man who was convicted of attempting to kill his wife. Mrs. Cres accused her husband of trying to kill her by poisoning her rice pudding, which she escaped only because she fed a small portion first to her cat, who died. Rogas concludes that he was probably framed by his wife, and seeks him out, only to find that he has disappeared from his house. Meanwhile another district attorney is killed, and eyewitnesses see two young revolutionaries running away from the scene. Rogas, close to finding his man, is demoted, and told to work with the political division to pin the crimes on the revolutionary Leftist terrorist groups. Rogas discovers that his phone is tapped. He seeks out the Supreme Court's president (Max von Sydow) in order to warn him that he is most likely the next victim. The president details a philosophy of justice wherein the court is incapable of error by definition. Music from a party in the same building leads to Rogas discovering the Minister of Justice (Fernando Rey) at the party with many revolutionary leaders, amongst them the editor of the revolutionary paper Cusan is working for, Galano, and Mrs. Cres. He and the Minister have a discussion, where the Minister reveals that sooner or later, his party will have to form a coalition with the Communist Party, and that it will be their task to prosecute the far-leftist groups. The murder of the judges as well as Rogas's investigations help raise the tension and justify the prosecution of the far-left groups. Rogas also discovers that his suspect, Cres, is present at the party. Rogas meets with the Secretary-General of the Communist Party in a museum. Both of them are killed. Amongst raising tensions between revolutionaries and the government, who mobilize the army, the murder of the Secretary-General is blamed on Rogas by the chief of police. The film ends with a discussion between Cusan and the vice-secretary of the Communist Party, who claims that the time is not yet ready for the revolution and the party will not react to the government's actions. "But then the people must never know the truth?", asks Cusan. The vice-secretary answers: "The truth is not always revolutionary." It is a sardonic concluding comment on the strategy at the time of the 'historic compromise' with Christian Democracy adopted by the Communist party, referring back to the motto 'To tell the truth is revolutionary' adopted from Ferdinand Lassalle by Antonio Gramsci, the party's most famous former leader and author of the Prison Notebooks. Lino Ventura as Inspector Amerigo Rogas Tino Carraro as Chief of Police Marcel Bozzuffi as The lazy Paolo Bonacelli as Dr. Maxia Alain Cuny as Judge Rasto Maria Carta as Madame Cres Luigi Pistilli as Cusan Tina Aumont as The prostitute Renato Salvatori as Police commisary Paolo Graziosi as Galano Anna Proclemer as Nocio's wife Fernando Rey as Security Minister Max von Sydow as Supreme Court's president Retrieved from "https://movies.fandom.com/wiki/Illustrious_Corpses?oldid=62488"	cc/2019-30/en_head_0049.json.gz/line13032
__label__wiki	0.806768	0.806768	Sochi 2014: Travel still an issue for NHL By Cam TuckerMar 20, 2013, 10:05 PM EDT Travel to and from Sochi, Russia, for the 2014 Winter Olympics continues to be an issue for ongoing negotiations as to whether the National Hockey League players will participate. According to a piece in the Globe and Mail by Allan Maki on Wednesday, the NHL would have to shut down operations for approximately 18 days and that weather and limited number of serviceable airports could mean that extra days to travel in and out of Sochi could be necessary. In an e-mail to the Globe and Mail, NHL deputy commissioner Bill Daly wrote: “Travel for players is a meaningful aspect of our ongoing discussions.” Daly recently traveled to Sochi to visit the Olympic venues, although talks haven’t gone beyond the “conceptual stage.” The issue of NHL players participating in the upcoming Olympics – that would it the fifth straight Winter Games – has been ongoing since the league and the NHLPA signed the new collective bargaining agreement. The league, its players association, the International Ice Hockey Federation and the International Olympic Committee have all had a hand in negotiations. It was reported last month by TSN’s Bob McKenzie that a deal to send NHL players to Sochi was a “foregone conclusion.”	cc/2019-30/en_head_0049.json.gz/line13034
__label__wiki	0.59357	0.59357	Nationwide to Cut Jobs All Over the Nation… Nationwide is Scheduled to remove at least 1,110 jobs from their workforce nationwide. Part of this 1,100 jobs is about… Here’s Everything We Know About The Des Moines… Two Iowa police officers were shot and killed while sitting in their cars on Wednesday in two separate shootings that… BREAKING NEWS: Two Officers Killed In An Apparent… Two Police Officers in Des Moines, Iowa are dead at this hour. According to reports from CNN, two officers were… MORNING MINUTE: Are You Done Yet? Trump Loses… Is It Over? Trump Loses Iowa Caucus “Let me first say, to God be the glory,” Ted Cruz told supporters… Iowa Man Holds Sign Asking People NOT To… MUSCATINE, Iowa — An Iowa man who offered two panhandlers a job is shown in a viral photo holding a… Presidential Candidate Named Deez Nuts Hitting the Polls… There’s an Independent Party candidate for President that is making the news because he is legally called Deez Nuts! Yes you… Social Media Helps Adopted Teen Find Birth Mom… Hannah Stouffer (pictured right), who was adopted at birth, has wanted most of her life to meet the woman who gave… Dubuque, Iowa Officials Admit To Housing Discrimination Against… On Tuesday, the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) announced an agreement with the city of Dubuque, Iowa… Two Tickets Hit For PowerBall Jackpot! http://www.newsnet5.com/dpp/news/national/two-tickets-hit-for-record-powerball-jackpot DES MOINES, Iowa – Powerball officials say the record jackpot has been won. Early Thursday morning officials confirmed…	cc/2019-30/en_head_0049.json.gz/line13044
__label__cc	0.519178	0.480822	Tag: ummayid A few days in Spain (Part I) Alhumdu Lillah! After having returned from the tour of Andalus with as-Suffa institute, it was a phenomenal experience and it left me in deep thought, worry and concern with regards to the lessons we can learn from Muslim Spain. I have decided to share my notes from the journey and the Dars of Shaykh Zahir (Hafidhahullah) with you all. Please forgive me if certain areas are brief and if there is a lack of references, as you can understand sometimes Hadith are mentioned but not under a reference. I will try to attach pictures where possible as well. If there is anything you would like further clarification about, please comment at the bottom. I would like to thank asSuffa from the depth of my heart for organising this trip, Allah reward them for their efforts and bless Shaykh with further knowledge and Barakah. Ameen. عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ، أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم قَالَ ‏ “‏ السَّفَرُ قِطْعَةٌ مِنَ الْعَذَابِ يَمْنَعُ أَحَدَكُمْ نَوْمَهُ وَطَعَامَهُ وَشَرَابَهُ فَإِذَا قَضَى أَحَدُكُمْ نَهْمَتَهُ مِنْ وَجْهِهِ فَلْيُعَجِّلْ إِلَى أَهْلِهِ ‏”‏ ‏.‏ From Abu Hurayrah that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, “Travelling is a portion of the torment. It denies you your sleep, food, and drink. When you have accomplished your purpose, you should hurry back to your family.” (Muwatta Malik). Normally, we are in our daily routine, we do the same thing every day. We do not realise things about ourselves, our habits and temperaments etc. When we travel on a journey, especially with others these habits come out. Like we can see from the above Hadith, travelling deprives us from our food, sleep and drink etc. We all know what happens when we take a man’s sleep or food away. The quote of Umar (Allah be pleased with him) is famous, about how you only truly know a person once you have travelled with him. Umar (Allah be pleased with him) asked about a man who had given testimony, wanting to find out whether anyone could vouch for him. A man said to him: “I will vouch for him, O’ Ameer al-Mumineen, ‘Umar asked, “Are you his neighbour?” He said, “No.” He then” asked, “Did you mix with him for a day and come to know his character?” He said, “No.” He asked next: “Did you travel with him, for traveling and being away from home reveal a man’s true essence?” He said, “No.” ‘Umar said, “Perhaps you saw him in the-mosque, standing, sitting and praying?” He said, “Yes.” ‘Umar said, Go away, for you do not know him.” A very profound saying, when travelling with others especially in a group, our true colours are revealed through our conduct as: 1. Much patience is required because people desire & think differently. 2. Whilst we should neither keep others waiting nor impose our views on the rest, we should be prepared to be delayed by others as that is part of group travel. 3. We should be ready to serve the rest. 4. We should abstain from petty complaints. 5. We must be considerate of others esp. the weak, elderly & children. Why do we study history? A great portion of the Qur’an speaks about history, approximately 1/3. When one reads history it is as though he is reading the future because history often repeats itself, so if we can’t learn from our own mistakes we can learn from the mistakes of others. As we all know a man’s nature doesn’t fundamentally change. “Narrate to them stories (of the past), so that they may reflect.” (al-A’raaf) “We narrate to you [O Muhammad] the best of stories in what we have revealed to you of this Qur’an, although, you were, before it, from the unaware.” (Surah Yusuf) Nations ascend and descend, some disappear. Nations ascend because they have something called impetus. Ibn Khuldoon (Allah have mercy on him), he has a theory, the ‘cycle theory’ which scientists still use today. Anyone who has a surname ending in ‘doon’ or ‘coon’ means their ancestors were form Andalus. Once upon a time the population was over 75% Muslims in Spain. Umar (Allah be pleased with him) was sat one day, very worried. So, someone asked him as to why he look worried. As Islam was spreading far and wide into India and Central Asia and Africa. Umar (Allah be pleased with him) replied, “This is why I am worried!” What Umar (Allah be pleased with him) was referring to was that most nations reach their pinnacle and prosperity, then they decline. “And you will not find in our way (Sunnah) any alteration.” (17:77) Allah has some principles that never change, in the same way man has some habits which never change. For example, water boils at 100 degrees, it has always boiled at 100 degrees. We must remember Islam is continuous and will remain at all times. It is the truth and the truth must reach the people. The word al-fath in Arabic means to conquer or open. Islam spread by sending armies to countries. They were not forced. Countries as far as Yugoslavia, Greece and Caucasus. There were two countries where armies were not sent and they accepted Islam, Indonesia and Malaysia. Why study history of Spain? Spain is very close to us British Muslims in Europe. Only 1% of Muslims came to Spain, they went from a minority to a majority, then back to a minority. You had both types of leaders, good and evil. You had pious and knowledgeable leaders as well as very bad, very treacherous and very deceitful leaders. You wonder why Muslims would become sell-outs and give in to the Christians. The answer is simple, if in 100 years’ time today’s history was written, people would say how did Burma happen, how did the issue of Palestine not get solved, how did Muslims get oppressed in Syria? Just like we think today why did Muslims allow the Spanish to get 400 years of persecution. Morocco is 12 miles away from Spain, why didn’t they help? Similarly, many places were pre-dominantly Muslims, but they no longer remain the majority. Like Malawi and Philippines. Why have so many scholars/poets written about Spain? Far out-post of Islam Because of what it created. There was no place in the world equal to it. Many people when hearing about the situation of the Ummah – current or past, tend to say, “Let them do what they want, this is Allah’s Deen.” My answer to this is do not live off slogans, live off actions/a’maal. Also, remember, Allah will protect his Deen, but will Allah protect you? Especially if you don’t act accordingly. The word Andalus is the Arabic name for the Iberian Peninsula what is known today as Spain and Portugal, the Greeks called it Iberia and the Romans called it Hespania. The land of Spain was ruled by the following, before the Muslims: Visigoth The Romans brought the Latin language and Spanish evolved from there. The word Andalus came from the word Vandals, these were people who were rough and evil. The Muslims were generally known as Saracens or Moors. Visigoths were Pagan but later embraced the Catholic religion. Within 200 years of ruling they began to oppress others and treat them like animals. Although the Goth conjures up a Barbarian perception, they inherited an advanced society with theatres, dams, bridges and circuses. An advanced political system all of which the Goths benefited from. What was going on in Europe when the Muslims came? The Europeans were generally unclean and unhygienic. They only bathed once a year, or at the most twice a year. This is because they thought it weakened their immune system. James Burke describes they mixed their impurity (stool and urine) in the middle of the road and walked in it. They had no issues with that nor was it frowned upon. Amr ibn al Aas (Allah be pleased with him) At the shortest point, there are only 12 miles between North Africa and Spain. Amr ibn al Aas (Allah be pleased with him) was the first person to conquer Africa, he was very intelligent. When he left Makkah, Khalid ibn Waleed (Allah be pleased with him) said, “Today Makkah has thrown away her liver.” When Umar (Allah be pleased with him) sent him to North Africa, he later sent a letter with a messenger: “If this letter reaches you before the Rafah border, then do not cross it. If you have crossed it, then no matter.” When Amr (Allah be pleased with him) received the letter, as he was intelligent he knew what it would have said – not to cross! So he crossed the border, then read it! Uqba ibn Nafi (Allah be pleased with him) After Amr ibn al Aass (Allah be pleased with him) the next conqueror to embark on the conquest of North Africa was Uqba ibn Nafi (Allah be pleased with him). He was the nephew of Amr ibn Aas (Allah be pleased with him). He was appointed the governor of North Africa in 50/67. He took great portions of Egypt with 4,000 men. He was ambushed on his return and martyred. He passed away in 638 A.D. Islam reached North Africa 23H. Nusayr (Allah have mercy on him) Nusayr (Allah have mercy on him) was studying to be a monk when Khalid ibn Waleed (Allah be pleased with him) conquered Ayn Tamr. He was born a Christian who embraced Islam. Employed by Muawiyah (Allah be pleased with him), he was in charge of the police. When the battle took place between Ali (Allah be pleased with him) and Muawiyah (Allah be pleased with him), Nusayr said his famous words to Muawiyah (Allah be pleased with him) when he rebuked him: “I will not show my gratefulness to you by showing my ungratefulness to He who is greater than you.” Muawiyah (Allah be pleased with him) asked, “Who is that?” He replied, “Allah!” Muawiyah (Allah be pleased with him) put his head down and said, “Astaghfirullah.” He once said about Uqba (Allah be pleased with him), “Did nobody tell Uqba (Allah be pleased with him) to consolidate what you have then advance?” This was because was Uqba (Allah be pleased with him) was conquering lands but not consolidating the areas i.e. educating them, building ties and winning the hearts of the local people. His son was Musa ibn Nusayr (Allah have mercy on him), who conquered the entire North Africa and Andalus. He was the most important man in the history of Spain. Musa ibn Nusar (Allah have mercy on him) He was born in 19H during the Caliphate of Umar (Allah be pleased with him). He was a Tabi’ee and narrated from the Sahabah (Allah be pleased with them). He began to assess the reason why the Berbers could not be kept in check. By 91H he had the entire North Africa subdued. He began to assess the reason wy the Berbers could not be kept in check. He realised that the victories were achieved very quickly without the consolidation of the conquered land. Uqba (Allah be pleased with him) would take a country swiftly, but only to rebel later. So he decided to consolidate any land that was conquered and win the hearts of the people. Once he was happy with the situation, only then he would move on. Secondly, no system of education was provided for the conquered people, so he brought scholars to educate them, until the Berbers began to love Islam and became great defenders of the religion. He built Madrasahs everywhere he went. On a side note here, Shaykh Zahir mentioned, “short bursts don’t last long.” If we look at the French, they spent 130 years in Algeria. But, they didn’t convert a single person, why? Simply because they didn’t consolidate and win the hearts and minds of the people. Remember, Da’wah has to be multi-faceted, Da’wah must be consolidated. There are many people out there giving Islam a bad name, we need to give Islam a good name in the right manner. The first person to mention the conquering of Andalus was Uthman (Allah be pleased with him), when he talked about the conquering of Constantinople. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said, “Muslims will conquer Constantinople.” Everyone wanted to be a part of this army. 27H was the first time Muslims came to Andalus, they just stopped at the port. When Muadh ibn Jabal (Allah be pleased with him) went to Roe, the Byzantines said, “Why are you going to attack us? Go to Ethiopia it is easier for you.” Muadh (Allah be pleased with him) related the verse: “O you who believe! Fight those who re close to you of the disbelievers. Let them find in you harshness. And know that Allah is with those who fear him.” (9:123) Umar (Allah be pleased with him) was very impressed by the history of Persia. In an Islamic society in which the basic beliefs and principles are both deeply-rooted and dominant, behavioural motives are greatly influenced by the aspiration to please Allah and gain His reward in the hereafter. The best Muslim believers do not include any other motive for their actions. It is essential for the Muslim to ensure that his intention in all his deeds is aimed solely at pleasing Allah, be they acts of self-purification, or any social, economic, or political activities. The activities of a Muslim in all spheres of life must be directed towards pleasing God. The Muslim knows well that if he were to include anything else in his intention besides God, then his deed would be unacceptable, as stated in the hadith: “Allah does not accept any deed except that which is purely intended for Him and is done for His sake.” If this way of thinking is guiding many conscientious Muslims even today, then what was its influence on the generations of the companions of the Prophet and those who followed after them (tabi`un), who were the best of all generations? The knowledge of the effect which Islam exerted on the education of its followers in the first period of Islam – and on the purification of their souls, and polishing their minds, the sincerity of their religious belief, together with their directing their worship to God alone – makes it abundantly clear that their participation in the military campaigns known as al futuh (the conquests or ‘opening up’ of other lands) was not primarily motivated by any worldly ambition. Rather, it was the compelling desire to propagate Islam, to enable it to take firm root in these lands and to organize and administer the newly-conquered territories. It was the wish to solve the economic problems of these lands, and any new problems which might arise, in accordance with the true teachings of Islam. The Muslims were not motivated by any desire to dominate those peoples or to acquire their wealth, nor were they attempting to escape from the hardship of life in the desert, as has been maintained by Caetani and other Orientalists. Al Tabari (Allah have mercy on him) narrated that Rabi` ibn `Amir (Allah be pleased with him) entered the court of Rustum, the Persian leader, who asked him: “What brought you here?” Rabi` (Allah be pleased with him) said: “God sent us, and He brought us here in order to lead whom He wills from the worship of man to the worship of God alone; from the narrowness and oppression of this world to the space and abundance of the hereafter; and from the injustice of other religions to the justice of Islam. He has sent us with His religion of His creation, to call them to Him.” What Rabi` ibn `Amir (Allah be pleased with him), the representative of the Muslims, said to the Persians was not only the expression of his personal feelings. Rather, it voiced the thought which was predominant among the Muslim leadership and most of the Mujahidin. This does not exclude the possibility that some of the Bedouin who had participated in the military expeditions had been attracted by the prospects of material gains and booty, in addition to the desire for jihad; but these Bedouin did not represent either the leadership of the movement or its motivating spirit. We must state this because the Muslim society is a human society. In it are found the elite who are committed to the highest moral and spiritual ideals, with their intentions directed purely towards God, who are desirous of earning His good pleasure and who direct their efforts towards achieving this end. But there are also lesser classes of Muslims who take it upon themselves to maintain the minimum standards which will entitle them to call themselves Muslims. We must explain clearly that the interpretation of the course of Islamic history during the first period of Islam can only be undertaken by a Muslim who repeats daily what God said to his Prophet: “Say: ‘Truly my prayer and service of my sacrifice, my life and my death, are (all) for God, the cherisher of the worlds: No partner hath He; this am I commanded …’”. (Al-An`am 6:162-163). This is the Muslim whose mind and emotions have been affected by the Qur’an and the Sunnah, who has felt their impact in moulding his personality and determining his actions and conduct. This is why Westerners and Orientalists have failed to understand the true motives for the actions of Muslims during the first period of Islam. For example, when Henri Lammens, a well-known Orientalist, discussed the incident of the Saqifah of Banu Sa`idah (an early example of the application of the Shura, in which the majority was persuaded by the minority) his judgment of this incident was impaired by his recollections of the conspiracies at the French court of the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries, which distorted his eventual depiction of the incident. He concluded that the outcome of the meeting of Saqifah came about as the result of a conspiracy woven by Abu Bakr (Allah be pleased with him), `Umar (Allah be pleased with him) and `Uthman (Allah be pleased with him), who, in the Saqifah of the Banu Sa`idah, had agreed to seize the caliphate and succeed one another. The studies of the Orientalists are numerous, and differ in their levels, quality, and freedom from religious and racial prejudice. However, these studies are usually carried out by scholars who live in environments which are remote from Islam, and which have their own philosophies and cultures. It is difficult for them to appreciate Islam and consequently, it is difficult for them to understand the true reasons for a Muslim’s conduct, both individually and socially. When they seek to interpret the history of Islam, they draw analogies with European history, despite the very different natures of the two histories. We must not forget, moreover, that the Europeans cannot but help looking at the world from their own perspective, which is militarily and technologically superior. Thus they tend to ascribe every possible merit to themselves, while ascribing defects to others. When Toynbee wrote his history of world civilizations, he allotted only a small space to the history of Islam, a space which was not commensurate with the size of Islam’s real contribution to world history. The most glaring deficiency of the Orientalists’ studies is their failure to arrive at a correct understanding of Islam, its true spirit, and its effect on an Islamic society and on the course of that society’s history. This is a grave deficiency which prevents our acceptance and approval of these studies, especially those which are concerned with the Sirah and the era of the Rightly-guided Caliphs, when the practical implementation of Islamic theory coincided with the theory itself and faithfully reflected it. Hitler once said, “Victorious are those who write history.” “History would be kind to me, because I am going to write it.” – Winston Churchill So, history belongs to those who write it. And history doesn’t do justice to Umayyads, it was written by Abbasids. The Umayyads spread Islam in three different directions: Muhammad ibn Qasim al-Thaqafi (Allah have mercy on him) = Sindh Utaybah ibn Muslim al-Bahili (Allah have mercy on him) = China Muslamah ibn Abdul Malik = Caucasus The ruler of Spain at the time, before the Muslims conquered was a man called Roderick. He had sexually abused many young boys and girls at the time. One of which was the daughter of Julian, her name was Flora. This angered Julian, when he came to know if it and sought after help from the Muslims. This was because Musa ibn Nusayr (Allah have mercy on him) was already planning an attack on Andalus. But he said to Julian, “I cannot trust you, as you are a Christian and so is Roderick. And we are not familiar with the landscape of Andalus.” He tells Julian to initiate the attack to prove he is strong on his word. Julian attacks eastern coasts of Andalus, then reports back. Musa (Allah have mercy on him) then reports back to the Caliph in Baghdad – Waleed ibn Abdul Malik, who then sends a small army. Tariq ibn Ziyad (Allah have mercy on him) He was a Berber, he was blue-eyed and had blonde hair. It is said, that Berbers descended from Europeans. Furthermore, a wife of a sorcerer when seeing Tariq said, “Your appearance resembles that of the conquerer of Andalus about whom my husband predicted.” She recognised him by a mole, Tariq (Allah have mercy on him) had a mole on his face. Tariq ibn ZIyad (Allah have mercy in him), landed in Gibraltar in 711/92 with 7,000 men and 300 Arab nobles. A stretch which is about 11 miles. He requested further reinforcements and the army swelled up to 12,000. The armies met at La Junda. Tariq had a dream which inspired him and the soldiers. He saw the Prophet (peace and blessing be upon him) and his companions with their swords out, giving him glad tidings of a victory. Roderick was the last Gothic King, he usurped the throne after the death of king Wizita. He was 80 years old at the time of the battle. Roderick confronted Tariq (Allah have mercy on him) with an army of 100,000. The two armies met at Guadelate. Musa prepared the Muslims, especially Berbers for Jihad. He placed at the head of the army, the most suitable person, Tariq ibn Ziyad (Allah have mercy on him). So Musa (Allah have mercy on him) now sends Tariq ibn Ziyad (Allah have mercy on him) with an army. Tariq was considerably young. This is something which shouldn’t be frowned upon, as the last army which the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) sent had Usamah (Allah be pleased with him) as the commander under him were great Sahabah (Allah be pleased with them) like Umar (Allah be pleased with him) and others. The reason why Tariq (Allah have mercy on him) was chosen was due to his admirable piety and his inexhaustible desire for Jihad. Also, we must remember that Musa (Allah have mercy on him) was an Arab and Tariq was a Berber, the majority of the army was Berber. Tairq understood the culture, language and habits of the Berbers. An important point to note here is when giving Da’wah, especially abroad, we must also understand that culture, language and habits of the people. Another noteworthy reminder is that Musa (Allah have mercy on him) chose the best man for the job, he didn’t look in finding an Arab. He looked for who suited the role. “O mankind! We have created you from a male and a female, and made you into nations and tribes, that you may know one another. Verily, the most honourable of you with Allah is that (believer) who has al-taqwa [i.e., is one of the muttaqoon or pious]. Verily, Allah is All-Knowing, All-Aware” [al-Hujuraat 49:13] The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said in his last sermon: “O people! Verily your Lord is One and your father [Adam] is one. An Arab is no better than a non-Arab, and a non-Arab is no better than an Arab; a red man is no better than a black man and a black man is no better than a red man – except if it is in terms of taqwa (piety)…” (Reported by Imam Ahmad, 22391). Unfortunately, we do not see this in our society today. Not even in Islamic institutes. When a father dies he makes his son the Ameer or principal, although he may not be fit for the role. We will see more examples of this causes failure in the history of Spain. To the south of Spain there are three islands known as Balearic Islands; Ibiza, Majorca and Minorca. Musa (Allah have mercy on him) first consolidated his power in these islands then moved on to Spain. Tariq (Allah have mercy on him) first landed on “Jabalut-Tariq,” which is known as Gibraltar today. He has a few battles then consolidates al-Jazeeratul Khadhra (Green Islands), also known as al-Jasairas. Meanwhile, Roderick was already having a battle in another country. His men sent him a message, “We have been attacked! There are 7,000 men. Men, the like of which we have never seen before. We do not know if they are from Heaven or from Earth!” Roderick pondered and thought, 7,000 is a small number and we will easily defeat this army. I would like to narrate a story at this point, but unsure if it is true and authentic: A king had a dream many years ago before this war, that someone will come and takeover Spain. He went to a magician, and the magician confirmed this is true. But he said he will help the king by casting a spell in a room. So long as you do not open the door of this room, Spain is safe. This message was passed on each time a king passed away. Every new ruler would put an extra lock on. But when Roderick heard about this he was anxious to find out, what was in the room. He was advised by his ministers not to open the locks, but he refused to listen. They even said, “We will give you double the amount of gold of what is in there.” He ignored them and opened 27 locks! Inside was a table from the period of Sulayman (peace and blessings be upon him) and many other things were found. (Ahmed Thompson) The battle started on 28th Ramadhan 22H/19th July 711and carried on for 8 days. The Muslims were fighting on Eid as well! The Christian army was five times the size of the Muslim army, Musa sent another 5,000 men which totalled 12,000 for the Muslims. When Roderick saw them, he lost his appetite. He sent emissaries to speak to them, Musa (Allah have mercy on him) beheaded the messenger and then they cooked him and sent him to the Christians. This was to give an impression to Roderick of how courageous they were. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said, “War is a deception.” Which means sometime what we think of the other party in terms of numbers and weaponry isn’t always as it seems. It is for this same reason we do ‘Ramal’ (jogging with the chest out) in Tawaf (circumambulation of the Ka’bah). Tariq (Allah have mercy on him) led from the front, he was dressed simple and looked humble. Whilst Roderick was arrogantly sat on his throne, dressed in his crown and robes. You could say the Christians were ‘playing at home’, they were on their own land. But, slowly, the Muslims got the upper hand. Roderick knew the only way the Muslims could defeat them was to kill him, so he stayed behind his army. Finally, Tariq (Allah have mercy on him) attacked Roderick and killed him. They found one sandal of Roderick’s, which was worth 100,000 Dinar. He was the last Visigoth King of Spain. Tariq’s army was thoroughly enjoying the booty. He once said, “If you carried on with me, I would go all the way to Constantinople.” We stopped here and Shaykh mentioned a point which every Muslim should remember and instil: We should never be proud just on the basis of being Muslim. Just being Muslim will not get us anywhere! We need a vision and we need to become “people of substance.” I call these Shaykh’s favourite lines (hope he doesn’t mind), rightly so as well. Many of us rely on the fact we pray the Kalimah/Shahadah or we pray Salah and adorn a beard and sisters wear Hijab – which is all good and well, but not sufficient. The price of Jannah is not cheap! We are over a billion today, but let not our numbers deceive us. We need substance: Look on the day of Badr, only 313. But they had substance! Allah says: “And Allah had given you victory at [the battle of] of Badr, while you were weak.” (3:123) The Arabic word ‘Athillah’ here means – i) few in number ii) disgraced and humiliated. So, here they were few but overcame 1,000 because they were humble and obeyed. Let us look at the next battle after Badr – Uhud. Muslims had the upper hand initially. But 50 archers on a hilltop were ordered by the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) not to move from their places, if they are winning or losing or even vultures are pecking at their bodies. When the Muslims had the upper hand, these archers started rejoicing forgot the command of the Ameer SAW and descended. Which resulted in Muslims losing the upper hand. Again, we learn the lesson of following the Ameer – no matter what. Numbers also deceive the Muslims, Allah talks about the battle of Hunayn. Muslims were many in number so thought they will ultimately win the battle. The battle turned upside down, they even left the side of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), only ten Muslims were left with the Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him). Unfortunately, 3,000 Muslims were martyred. Inna Lillah… “Allah has already given you many victories and [even] on the day of Hunayn, when your great number pleased you.” (9:25) Now, we would like to make some clarifications about the story so far, particularly about Tariq ibn Ziyad (Allah have mercy on him): Did Tariq ibn Ziyad (Allah have mercy on him) burn the ships on the shore of Gibraltar? This is a fabrication from amongst the fabrications told in history and there are many reasons for this – The ships did not all belong to Tariq, Julian owned most of them. Fuqaha RH did not speak about this incident and Ulama RH have not wrote about it. Waleed ibn Abdul Malik who was the Caliph at the time did not mention it. The second fabrication was the famous Khutbah which Tariq ibn Ziyad (Allah have mercy on him) and has been attributed to him. Many scholars say that this was not given by Tariq. Simply because he was a Berber, and the Arabic was too eloquent. In Islam before attacking a land the enemies were offered three choices: Accept Islam Pay the tax/Jizyah – 1 dinar Fight against us If a non-Muslim defended the Muslims or their army, Umar (Allah be pleased with him) uplifted the Jizyah from them. There was a certain time in the era of Abu Ubaydah (Allah be pleased with him) when the Muslims could not protect the non-Muslims. Their enemy was too strong, Abu Ubaydah (Allah be pleased with him) gave the Jizyah back to the non-Muslims. In the time of Umar (Allah be pleased with him), he saw a Jew begging. Umar (Allah be pleased with him) asked, “Why is he begging when he pays Jizyah?” He went to their leader and said pay him from Baytul Maal. The rule was, you can only take Jizyah from those who can afford it. When the Muslims came to Spain the Jews flung their doors open. The Jews had been persecuted by the Christians and were pleased to assist the Muslims. The Muslims even left the Jews in charge of many cities as they advanced; cities such as Cordoba, Granada and Malaga. Whilst the Christians were in the churches praying, the Jew flung open the doors of the Forts for the Muslims. The largest Jewish population was in Muslim Spain. Heretical Christian Sects There were many Heretical Christian Sects. If you belonged to a group besides Catholicism life was hard for you. The Muslims then arrived and gave refuge to the heretic Christian refugees. It reminded people of Najashi giving refuge to the Muslims, this was like the Muslims paying Najashi back. Many people had previously sold themselves as slaves to the church or to Christians. As it was much easier, because their food and home was guaranteed. Now, so many Christians were flocking to Islam. There was only one Sahabi, Munayzir al-Afriqi (Allah be pleased with him) who came to Spain. From 12,000 Muslims one Sahabi, the rest were Tabi’een (mostly). Some European historians said: “Tariq beat Roderick up and imprisoned him.” The Muslims don’t have any record of this. The son of Musa ibn Nusayr, Abdul Aziz (Allah have mercy on him) took Portugal. Musa (Allah have mercy on him) had now taken 18 cities. Muslims showed tolerance like never before. Muslims encouraged inter-marriages, Arabs marrying Berbers etc. This is why they felt the unity. By 811 A.D Spain was 8% Muslim. By 850 A.D. Spain was 12% Muslim. By 950 A.D Spain was 50% Muslim. By 1000 A.D. Spain was 75% Muslim. Ismail ibn Nazir Satia (One who is in dire need of Allah’s forgiveness, mercy and pleasure) 7 Sha’ban 1437 By IsmailSatiain Current Affairs articles May 13, 2016 September 27, 2018 5,627 Words2 Comments	cc/2019-30/en_head_0049.json.gz/line13045
__label__cc	0.583237	0.416763	2017/0122(COD) - 07/06/2018 The Committee on Transport and Tourism adopted the report by Wim van de CAMP (EPP, NL) on the proposal for a regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council amending Regulation (EC) No 561/2006 as regards on minimum requirements on maximum daily and weekly driving times, minimum breaks and daily and weekly rest periods and Regulation (EU) 165/2014 as regards positioning by means of tachographs. The Committee on Employment and Social Affairs, exercising its prerogatives as an associate committee under Rule 54 of the Rules of Procedure of the European Parliament, also gave its opinion on this report The proposal is part of a package of legislative measures (Europe on the move", for clean, competitive and connected mobility), the aim of which is to guarantee fair competition, simplify existing rules, preserve the internal market and ensure that the rights of road transport workers are respected. The committee recommended that the position of the European Parliament adopted at first reading in the ordinary legislative procedure amend the Commission proposal as follows: Scope: in order to ensure a European wide-level playing field in road transport, the Regulation will apply to all vehicles exceeding 2.4 tonnes engaged in international transport. It is proposed to define home as the registered residence of the driver in a Member State. Weekly rest period of drivers: in any four consecutive weeks a driver shall take at least: (i) our regular weekly rest periods, or (ii) two regular weekly rest periods of at least 45 hours and two reduced weekly rest periods of at least 24 hours; or (iii) three regular weekly rest periods of at least 45 hours and one reduced weekly rest period of at least 24 hours. A transport undertaking shall organise the work of drivers in such a way that the drivers are able to spend at least one regular weekly rest period or a weekly rest of more than 45 hours taken in compensation for reduced weekly rest at home or another location of the driver's choosing before the end of each period of three consecutive weeks. The driver shall inform the transport undertaking in writing no later than two weeks before such rest period, if it will be taken in a place other than the drivers home. When a driver chooses to take this rest at home, the transport undertaking shall provide the driver with the necessary means to return home. Where the work of a driver predictably includes activities for the employer other than his/her professional driving tasks, such as loading / unloading, finding parking space, maintaining the vehicle, route preparation etc., the time he/she needs to perform these tasks shall be taken into account when determining both his/her working time, and the possibility for adequate rest and pay. Bus drivers should be able to take their breaks more flexibly, without extending their driving time or reducing the length of their breaks and rest periods. Dedicated parking areas: the Commissions proposal introduces a ban on weekly rests in a vehicle of overall 45 hours or more, expanding it to include the reduced weekly rest. Members required employers to provide drivers with adequate accommodation featuring appropriate sleeping and hygiene facilities, whenever drivers are unable to take a weekly rest at a private place of their choice. Members proposed, however, to introduce a derogation to the general rules banning rest in vehicles, so that a driver may take regular weekly rest periods and reduced weekly rest periods in any parking areas that are self-certified as Dedicated Parking Areas (DPA). Dedicated parking areas should have all of the facilities necessary for good resting conditions, that is to say sanitary, culinary, security and others. Member States must ensure that random checks are regularly carried out to verify that the characteristics of parking areas comply with the criteria applicable to dedicated parking areas. Drivers will be provided with information on safe stopping and parking areas to allow for better route planning. Member States will be encouraged to support the creation of safe and adequate parking areas and to make the necessary investments. Actual driving times: Members proposed that the driver may depart exceptionally from the rules after a rest of 30 minutes, so as to be able to reach within two hours the employer's operational centre where the driver is normally based. This period of up to two hours shall be compensated by an equivalent period of rest taken in one go, by the end of the third week following the week in question. Tachograph: in order to enhance cost-effectiveness of enforcement of the social rules, Members considered that the current and smart tachographs systems should be mandatory in international transport.	cc/2019-30/en_head_0049.json.gz/line13049
__label__wiki	0.826298	0.826298	⇑ back to "Health" Breathing Program May Help Save Newborns’ Lives 3:00PM EST 1/22/2013 Genevra Pittman/Reuters (© Vasic \| Stock Free Images) Training midwives and other birth attendants to help babies start breathing immediately after birth may prevent stillbirths and newborn deaths in the developing world, two new studies suggest. So-called birth asphyxia—when babies are born not breathing—is one of the major causes of newborn death in regions with limited resources, researchers said. The Helping Babies Breathe program, launched by the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP), trains birth attendants to immediately dry and warm babies—and to start breathing for babies with a bag and mask if they don’t breathe on their own within one minute. Reducing infant mortality in the developing world is one of the United Nations Millennium Development Goals—but progress has been slow, according to Dr. Jeffrey Perlman from Weill Cornell Medical College in New York, who helped implement Helping Babies Breathe in Tanzania. “The majority of deliveries in resource-limited areas are done by the midwife, and the midwife wasn’t really taught how to deal with a baby once they were born,” Perlman told Reuters Health. Instead, he said, midwives tend to focus on the mother immediately after the birth. “If you can just teach them, when the baby’s born, to immediately dry the baby off... that drying and a little bit of stimulating will probably get 90 to 93 percent of babies breathing that weren’t breathing before,” said Perlman, one of the authors of a study published Monday in Pediatrics. “That’s the most exciting part, that something very simple can save many, many lives.” Perlman and his colleagues compared about 8,000 babies born at eight hospitals before birth assistants were trained in the breathing program to almost ten times as many babies born afterward. Program leaders initially taught the breathing techniques to 40 “master trainers” from the eight hospitals over two days. Some master trainers then went to other hospitals and health centers in the area to teach midwives and other health care providers, in what the research team called “a cascade model approach.” The researchers found newborn deaths dropped from 13 per 1,000 babies to seven per 1,000 once Helping Babies Breathe was implemented. The rate of stillbirth fell from 19 per 1,000 babies before to just over 14 per 1,000 after. In a second study from Southern India, another set of researchers saw no change in newborn deaths after the same program was taught to almost 600 birth attendants in rural health centers. However, stillbirth rates fell from 30 per 1,000 babies to 23 per 1,000 after the training, Dr. Shivaprasad Goudar from Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College in Belgaum, Karnataka and colleagues found. “We really need to focus on the early steps of resuscitation for the developing world, because that’s where most of the mortality is occurring - in other words, just getting babies to breathe,” said Dr. John Kattwinkel from the University of Virginia in Charlottesville, who wrote a commentary published with the new studies. “In many countries, well over half of the deliveries occur out in the clinics and in the homes. That’s what this program is designed for,” he told Reuters Health. “It would be a terrific strategy to implement widely.” Perlman estimated that expanding the program to all of Tanzania over the next couple of years would cost about $5 million. According to United Nations data, 32 babies die in India for every 1,000 live births and 26 per 1,000 die in Tanzania. In the United States overall, four babies die for every 1,000 live births - but the figures are much higher in certain poorer parts of the country. The Helping Babies Breathe program is supported in part by the Laerdal Foundation for Acute Medicine. Laerdal Medical manufactures breathing simulators and other products related to the program’s work. According to Kattwinkel, the evidence provided by these two studies should help conjure up support for Helping Babies Breathe and allow it to spread to other limited-resource areas. Perlman agreed, saying the program is now being pursued in about 70 countries worldwide. The most important component, he added, is that it must have government support locally, as has been the case in Tanzania. “There are very few things that you can do simply that you can save, even in the worst case, three-quarters of a million (babies),” Perlman said. RELATED TOPICS: Health The Anointing Series + Solid Rock Series	cc/2019-30/en_head_0049.json.gz/line13051
__label__wiki	0.775551	0.775551	Interview: "Hello, Dolly's" Analisa Leaming Published April 28th, 2019 She grew up in Murfreesboro and now she's in the national tour of "Hello Dolly" at TPAC through May 5. Get to know Analisa Leaming! It's an exciting week for theater lovers in the Nashville area. At long last, Hello, Dolly! lands at TPAC's Jackson Hall. The recent 2017 Broadway revival — starring Bette Midler as everyone's favorite meddling matchmaker Dolly Levi and David Hyde Pierce as Horace Vandergelder — won four Tony Awards. It's been one of the most celebrated musicals in recent years among Broadway fans (side note: theater legend Bernadette Peters stepped into the lead role in spring 2018, with Victor Garber as Horace; Midler and Pierce reprised their roles during the final six weeks of the show in 2018). On the national tour here this week, another Broadway legend takes on the role of Dolly Levi: Betty Buckley. Best known in theater circles for her Tony Award-winning originating role of Grizabella in Cats, she's also played Norma Desmond in Sunset Boulevard among other stage roles. Many fans also remember her for playing the stepmom in the TV show Eight is Enough, and she played the gym teacher in the 1976 movie Carrie. MEET ANALISA LEAMING While it's always fun when a Broadway legend graces our home turf, it's equally special when one of the actors in the Broadway tours that come here are actually from Middle Tennessee! Such is the case with Analisa Leaming. She plays Irene Molloy on the tour, but she has a deeper history with the show. She was part of the 2017 revival cast with Bette Midler for the first seven months of the run in 2017. Leaming was part of the ensemble, and she was also the understudy for the Molloy character (played by Kate Baldwin on Broadway). Leaming grew up in Murfreesboro. Her family moved there when she was in the sixth grade. She attended Bellwood Middle School and Riverdale High School. She spent quite a bit of time on the MTSU campus participating in the all-state choir, and she was also a student there in the Governor's School for the Performing Arts. After spending two years at the University of Memphis, Leaming transferred to the University of Rochester's Eastman School of Music in New York where she earned her bachelor's degree in music. Leaming has several regional credits under her belt, a few Off-Broadway titles and four Broadway roles, so far (in addition to Hello, Dolly!, Leaming has also played Anna in The King and I, Rosalie in School of Rock and Anita in On the 20th Century). In addition to her career as a performer, Leaming also hosts an insightful podcast called A Balancing Act that focuses on uplifting conversations about life in the arts. "My mom says I was singing before I could speak," laughs Leaming when I asked how old she was when the performing bug bit her. I was recently fortunate to catch up with Leaming on the phone. She's bright, charming, present in the moment and delightfully engaging. We shared a joyful conversation about Hello, Dolly! along with her podcast and the power of meditation. THE Q & A How do you relate to Irene Molloy? The show takes place in the 1890s, but Irene is a woman who is making a decision for her life. Yes, while at the top, she is deciding to marry a man who may make life easier, she knows EXACTLY what she's doing. She's not pretending. I love that she's in charge and she unabashedly wants to have fun and wants to have an adventure. Even deciding to do this tour, I asked my husband if he would be willing to join me on the road for a year. We packed up our car and our dog, and we're having a great adventure. That is an element I love to infuse in Irene more than anything ... just this sense of play and adventure. Then it unfolds, as you know, with hilarity in the hat shop! Was the process of identifying with Irene and becoming her different when you understudied her on Broadway versus being her every night on the tour? It really was, because we started back from square one for the tour. We were back in the rehearsal room with our incredible director, Jerry Zaks, and while you'll see some of the same bits [from Broadway], you'll see a lot of new bits. Jerry really allowed us to find these characters and gave us the permission to really play. It's obvious when you're doing an exact duplicate as what was done before you. So he gave us freedom. Part of that, too, is that Betty Buckley had never played the role of Dolly before, so we were all discovering it together. Analisa Leaming What was it like when you got the call telling you that you landed the job on Broadway, considering you were going to be working with the amazing talents of Bette Midler and David Hyde Pierce? It was surreal, and it happened really fast. I went for one audition, and they called me the next day and offered it to me. That's not usually how it goes. There are usually many rounds of call backs. But, I also found out about seven months before we started rehearsals, so it was a surreal experience where I'd ask myself, "Is this really happening?" Then I'd keep checking in now and then with my agent asking, "I got that call, right? I didn't dream it?" I will never forget seeing Bette play Dolly on Broadway, and at times, she became playful with the audience, bringing us into her arena in such a magical, endearing way. I've heard she did a lot of improvisation every night and kept the cast on its toes. What was your experience like working with both her and David? A moment I will never forget was the very first day of rehearsals. All of the ensemble was together going over music, and Bette came into the room and introduced herself to us. She was quite nervous, which is crazy, but she said, "Listen, you all can dance better than me, you can all sing better than I can," then she got still and continued, "but none of you are as funny as I am!" Of course, we all fell out of our chairs. And what she said was true. I did get to go on as Irene with her maybe 15 times, and it was never the same, we were always on our toes. She's truly one of the greatest comedians of our time. It was amazing to work with her. David is truly one of the kindest people I've ever met and worked with. I'll never forget the first time I went on as Irene, there was a gift and card waiting for me in my dressing room after the show. It was from David, the card handwritten. It was the nicest card just praising my work. He didn't have to do that. Of course, sharing the stage with him and flirting with him in the hat shop was fun! This is a unique experience for you, getting to work with two amazing legends (Midler and Buckley) in the same show, and they're so different from each other. What have you learned from these iconic women, and how have they helped shaped you as an actor? As an actor, something they both have is this great gift of presence. They're so present in what they're doing. They're not a moment ahead, and they're not a moment behind. They're right there living and breathing the character. It really causes you to step up and do the best you can to do the same, just actively listen. That's the greatest gift I've gotten from them onstage. Off stage ... they're both in their 70s playing this role. I can't think of another role for a woman of that age that demands of them what this role does. What I've learned from them is how they take care of themselves. In other shows, there are leading men or ladies who are kind of like the cruise ship director if you will. They have parties, and they're always with the cast and socializing. These women aren't able to do that, and that's OK because they have to do what they do in order to do the show and deliver the performances. It's been incredible to watch because it's a sacrifice on your personal life. What's the greatest thing you've gleaned from your experience working with legendary director Jerry Zaks? That whatever you're doing, do it at 125 percent. To fully commit and be OK with him saying, "Thank you for trying that, never do that again." To be OK with that in a rehearsal experience where everybody's watching, but to really go for it because you know his style of comedy in this show is wacky, and you can feel unsure doing it. Another thing is that it really is life or death. The minute you start playing the comedy or playing the scene in a way you thing you should, it's wrong ... you're wrong. If you can really make these circumstances life or death for you — that's how the show is so zany, yet it's somehow grounded in truth. You said earlier you love traveling and the sense of adventure it brings. How does the tour experience influence your character perhaps in a way that's different from a sitting show? I love to travel. I love being in new places. I love getting to explore. It's funny because you get this idea that you want to travel and automatically think, "Where should I go in Europe?" Just seeing this incredible country and going from the deserts to the mountains in California to the beaches, it's such an amazing experience. It's been so fun, and that, in turn, brings a different energy to the show each night. There's this aliveness. We've been exploring and experiencing new places during the day, and that affects what we do each night. I assume growing up here in Middle Tennessee you've seen many shows at TPAC. What does it mean to you knowing you'll be on your home turf stage? It makes me kind of emotional. I've seen so many shows there, and I was so transformed, especially by Les Miserables. It changed my life. If I could just go back and tell that girl sitting in those seats, "You're gonna be there!" I wish I could do that. What are your top five favorite shows, and what is your dream role? Only five??? OK ... The Sound of Music, Next to Normal, The Light in the Piazza, The King and I, and Into the Woods. My dream role is the one that going to be written for me someday. Let's talk about your podcast, A Balancing Act, now beginning its third season. One of the things I love about it is that much of the conversation is more about the experience of the journey and being in the moment versus the destination. Can you elaborate on that, and how do you think that reality can help young people on their life's journey? We live in a world where we're focused on outer attainment, and that's fine. It drives us forward as a species, but it's so easy to get caught up in having this incredible resumé or having this big house and the nice car and the great job. But you get there and are suddenly like, "This is it??? What was all that hard work for, and I didn't even enjoy any of it because I was so obsessed with getting the thing!?!" That's been my experience, and I see it time and time again with artists on Broadway. They're quite unhappy because they thought Broadway or the bank account would bring them joy. As soon as I understood and learned that, I felt it was my mission to help artists slow down and enjoy the process, because we're always going to be in the rehearsal room, we're always going to be going back to auditions. If we can't enjoy that, I think we'll live an unhappy life, an unfulfilled life. Now, if I had heard that in high school, would I have listened? But I have to say, I've been doing workshops and doing the podcast, and have spoken with high school and college-age students. Their feedback and response is amazing because they SO get it! They feel the pressure to get the perfect grades and get into the perfect college, so they understand it. It makes a difference to consider, "What if I were to actually enjoy my math class today?" What would that be like? You maintain a daily meditation practice. How does that influence your life as an artist and performer? It clears the cobwebs from your mind. It's like you're looking in a mirror that's very smudged and you're not seeing clearly. After you meditate, everything's a little bit more clear; the noise is lessened. A lot of artists talk about how you've got to cut through the noise, especially with social media and the stimuli we experience on a regular basis. How are you going to tap into this vessel, your instrument, if you're so caught up in the noise all around you all the time? For me, meditation is an incredible way to quiet those thoughts a little bit, to get them to slow down in between thoughts and just get to the root of what's there, what's important and tap into who I truly am. I think being a great artist is the pursuit of truth, so the more you can do that, the more you can come back and ask those questions of yourself. Who am I? And sit with that a bit, even if it's uncomfortable. What advice do you have for kids who have their sights set on a career in the performing arts? First, I would say it's about the art, so love taking classes, love watching. Watch the new stuff, watch the classics and immerse yourself in it. Love practicing. You have to learn to love practicing. Love practicing voice, dance, monologues. Just get in there. It's not about getting the role, it's about doing the work. Love exploring the craft, then you really won't care where you do it, because you love doing it so much. The other thing is, and this kind of goes against what I just said — to love other things, too. Have other hobbies. It's OK to have other interests. One of the most harmful pieces of advice I hear being spewed left and right is, "If you can imagine yourself doing anything else, do that thing because a life in the arts is so hard." I think that's harmful, because what happens is all these artists move to New York City and they often have no other skills or developed interests. Then they find they have six months between jobs or a job ended and now they have nothing. And they do what they call "soul-sucking" work like waiting tabes. That's what they call it. It doesn't have to be soul-sucking, but that's their perspective because they're not doing the one thing they know how to do. The happiest people I see in this career have other interests and passions. What do you hope kids in the audience take away from their Hello, Dolly! experience at TPAC? I hope they leave with the joy of musical theater. I've been hearing that at the stage door. There's a new generation of people seeing this musical for the first time. A lot of times you'll hear, " I wasn't sure I'd like this, but I LOVED it! It was so fun!" I think Hello, Dolly! is the quintessential Broadway musical from the music and costumes to the funny dialogue. I hope kids leave the theater with the joy of what this art form can be. HCA/TriStar Health Broadway at TPAC presents: Hello, Dolly! Starring Broadway Legend Betty Buckley TPAC's Jackson Hall 505 Deaderick St., Nashville 615-782-4040 \| tpac.org Showtimes: Tue - Thu 7:30 p.m., Fri 8 p.m., Sat 2 & 8 p.m., Sun 1 & 6:30 p.m. Tickets: $45 - $90 Hendersonville Strike & Spare Family Fun Center Horton Haven Christian Camp Music City Archery Urban Air Stewart's Creek Church of Christ VBS Middle TN Music Academy Calvary Chapel Franklin Nashville Psychiatric	cc/2019-30/en_head_0049.json.gz/line13052
__label__wiki	0.517061	0.517061	Chancellor launches new productivity plan and ‘urban planning revolution’ The Chancellor George Osborne and Business Secretary Sajid Javid last week launched the Government’s new productivity plan. The document, entitled ‘Fixing the Foundations: Creating a more prosperous nation’ contains radical new plans to alter the way permitted development for brownfield land could work. The plan builds on a previous government promise to create a register of brownfield sites which developers could use to easily find sites suitable for new housing. While the Chancellor’s plan is silent on archaeology the proposals could undermine archaeological protections, as they would potentially remove opportunities for sites to be assessed for surviving archaeological evidence as part of the process of applying for planning permission. Brownfield land often contains highly significant archaeological deposits which would be bereft of protections should the mechanism of permission be removed. The government should be reminded that the recent discovery of King Richard III’s remains was made on a brownfield site, and in 1989 it was the discovery of the remains of Shakespeare’s Rose Theatre on a brownfield site in Southwark which was the case which finally led to the creation of a system for archaeological protections to be made a comprehensive part of the planning system. Any system that would undermine this protection should be judged not fit for purpose and would be against the principles of sustainable development as outlined in the National Planning Policy Framework. At the current time there are few details on how the proposal would work in reality. The CBA notes that there are caveats within the plan which will be vital in determining how archaeology protections will be preserved under the proposed plans. For instance: Only land held within the national register, which is yet to be established, will be eligible for permitted development. How land is assessed for archaeology prior to inclusion in the register is likely to be significant to interpreting how it will affect protections. The proposal is for ‘automatic permission in principle’ and would be subject to achieving approval of a ‘limited number of technical details’ – a caveat under which archaeological assessment of the land in question could be included. The CBA are in favour of reducing the burden of bureaucracy and removing ‘unnecessary planning obstacles’. However the principle of retaining necessary safeguard must be carefully guarded in order to ensure that sustainability is not undermined. This is particularly so where changes are based upon false assumptions that archaeology is a brake on development. The CBA strongly assert that archaeology is not, in fact, a brake on growth, but rather is a tool which decreases risk for developers by enabling them to prevent unforeseen delays and costs in development which can arise if archaeology is discovered after construction begins. Of course, archaeology also contributes to public benefits such as increased tourism, sense of place, and enhances our knowledge and understanding of our past. Early assessment of the archaeological potential of land within the planning process is beneficial for productivity and must therefore be retained. The CBA will be discussing the matter with partners in the sector including Historic England and the Heritage Alliance to ensure that appropriate advice is supplied to government on this issue. The CBA will also be writing to the Government in order to set out the potential threats upon archaeology which are implicit in the plans and will aim to ensure that current levels of heritage protection are sustained.	cc/2019-30/en_head_0049.json.gz/line13057
__label__wiki	0.870729	0.870729	Film & TV Muse Festivals First-Class Festival Andrew Young and Emily Taylor report on this year's London Film Festival Tuesday 30 Oct 2018 Andrew Young Emily Taylor KiKi Layne as Tish and Stephan James as Fonny star in Barry Jenkins' IF BEALE STREET COULD TALK, an Annapurna Pictures release. This October, for the 62nd time, the BFI London Film Festival rolled around once more. As can be expected from a festival of such great variety and scope, laughs, tears and adoration followed. This year's festival programmers lined up new works from directing big-hitters such as Luca Guadagnino, alongside smaller, less-known talents. Some small trends can be found amongst this year's films. Case in point: the family. The perils of trying to maintain happy, healthy relationships in testing circumstances were explored more than once this year. Among these was Ben Wheatley's latest, Happy New Year, Colin Burstead, set at a New Year's party-gone-wrong. It is magnificent work from Wheatley, who marshals a strong ensemble cast and uses handheld camera work to unsettle his viewer, ultimately crafting a viciously funny film with a sharp emotional edge. The family is explored in a less explosive, shouty way in Alfonso Cuaron's Roma. It is one of the best films from this year's festival, detailing the breakdown of a middle-class Mex- ican family and the society around it, as viewed through the eyes of quiet, observant maid Cleo. Roma starts slowly, allowing the audience to emotionally invest in its characters before Cuaron releases the big emotional blows. One particular sequence involving a protest turned violent is a masterclass in compelling, emotionally rich filmmaking. It is also worth mentioning that Cuaron served as his own cinematographer and that Roma is possibly one of the most beautiful films you will ever see. It's slated for a Netflix release, but please, please try to see Roma on the big screen. Felix Van Groeningen's Beautiful Boy shows a strong father-son bond, but is primarily a film about addiction. Based on the memoirs of David Sheff and his former meth-addicted son Nic; this is an engaging tale that does not quite hit the heights it promises. Timothee Chalamet is fantastic as Nic, struggling to find a way to cope with his mental illness that is not merely drug abuse. Whilst it is a perfectly good film, Beautiful Boy doesn't add an awful lot to the conversation and isn't as shocking as it intended, leaving some audiences underwhelmed. Another fascinating true story (do we have another trend here?) at this year's festival is sort-of biopic: The Old Man and the Gun. David Lowery's film is largely notable for giving Robert Redford his final acting role. This is a top-quality, wonderfully paced piece of storytelling about the later years of a remarkably polite, genial bank robber. The film's main flaw is the lack of development in its supporting characters, but this is the result of a keen focus on the magnificent Redford. Outrageously charismatic and suitably melancholic when needed, he bows out in fitting style. Sissy Spacek and Robert Redford in the film THE OLD MAN & THE GUN. Photo by Eric Zachanowich (c) 2018 Twentieth Century Fox Film Corporation All Rights Reserved Few biopics deserve to exist more than A Private War, that details the life of war correspondent Marie Colvin, who was killed in Syria in 2012. Rosamund Pike carries the film with an electrifying performance as Colvin, embodying her strength and conviction, but also the havoc her job wreaked on her mental health. Though it's a smart and sensitive portrayal of the horrors of war, it never shocks quite as you might expect. The documentary Under the Wire, about the same story, captures an intensity in the way this film unfortunately falls slightly short of doing. Away from the many "true stories" on show was the return of Barry Jenkins. After the phenomenal Moonlight, all eyes were on his next film and, fortunately for all, If Beale Street Could Talk certainly delivers. Set in '70s Harlem, it follows the pregnant Tish attempting to prove her imprisoned fiancee's innocence. Kiki Layne gives a career-making performance in the lead role. Beale Street captures the tragic beauty that permeated Moonlight, but overall the two are very different movies. Crucially, Jenkins' new film is hilarious, as well as sweet and romantic, in a way that only goes to heighten the underlying tragedy, because first and foremost this is a film about love in all its forms. Since The Hunger Games was a huge success, young adult fiction has been an attractive proposal for film studios, but recent results have been mixed to say the least. Now it's come full circle with Amandla Stenberg, who starred as Rue in The Hunger Games, taking the lead in The Hate U Give: a YA adaption that shows there is still life in the genre. It has many of the beats of a typical coming-of-age drama whilst tackling incredibly pressing is- sues of institutional racism and police brutality - issues that this film treats with an intelligence and respect that most adult films lack. It's a film that can appeal to a wide audience and with such a ferocious message - it deserves to be heard by as many as possible. Another interesting take on genre is the latest from Joel and Ethan Coen. The brothers have always loved their episodic storytelling, so an anthology film seems like a logical next step, which is exactly what The Ballad of Buster Scruggs delivers. That being said, you might wish that you'd just seen a feature film of the titular Buster Scruggs - the all-singing, all-dancing cowboy psychopath. The stories vary in tone, but a sense of dark comedy runs through the whole film: from the jarring juxtaposition of the Coens' obvious love of Westerns to the senseless brutality of the real Wild West. The characters of these many stories may take different journeys, but there is usually bloodshed at the end of them. Continuing the rich vein of comedy in London was Benjamin. If you ever wanted to watch a Woody Allen film but felt bad because it's, you know, a Woody Allen film, then fortunately Simon Amstell's new work provides a solution. Benjamin is thankfully better than Allen's recent work. Colin Morgan is hilarious in the leading role, an awkward man trying to find love in the big city. It's funny, touching and utterly relatable. Despite being fairly self-referential, it never feels self-indulgent, but rather, just an honest exploration of love. Like If Beale Street Could Talk, it searches for real truth without giving into a sense of grim despair. This one may not get a wide release but it's worth keeping a look out for. The decision to split the programme into genre strands is a nice one, but this year was full of genre-crossing films. Roma is a heavy film, but has moments of real humour. The same could be said of many of the 2018 crop of films. If there is one thing to take from this year's LFF, it is to find humour amongst the pain. Muse Editor ( Oct 2018 to Jun 2019 ) Deputy Muse Editor ( Jun 2018 to Oct 2018 ) Film and TV Editor ( Jun 2017 to Jun 2018 ) Emily Taylor Design Director ( Oct 2018 to Jun 2019 ) Muse Editor ( Oct 2017 to Oct 2018 ) Film and TV Editor ( Oct 2017 to Oct 2018 ) Aesthetica Short Film Festival 2016: Day 4 Putting the Spotlight On Shorts All About Aesthetica Latest in Film & TV Is City of God still a worthwhile Brazilian classic? Are interactive audiences the future of storytelling? Barry and the best way to do violence? When Harry Met Sally: The perfect rom-com?	cc/2019-30/en_head_0049.json.gz/line13062
__label__wiki	0.724418	0.724418	Law Dictionaries Federal Judges Federal Contracts 10 F. 3d 663 - United States v. Frushon Federal Reporter, Third Series 10 F.3d 10 F3d 663 United States v. Frushon 10 F.3d 663 UNITED STATES of America, Plaintiff-Appellant, Christopher FRUSHON, Defendant-Appellee. UNITED STATES of America, Plaintiff-Appellee, Christopher FRUSHON, Defendant-Appellant. Nos. 93-10042, 93-10045. Ninth Circuit. Argued and Submitted Nov. 5, 1993. Decided Nov. 30, 1993. Jennifer Levy, Asst. U.S. Atty., Washington, DC, for plaintiff-appellant-appellee. Bram Jacobson, Arizona Federal Public Defenders, Phoenix, AZ, for defendant-appellee-appellant. Before: CANBY, and NOONAN, Circuit Judges, and ORRICK,* District Judge. Appeal from the United States District Court for the District of Arizona. NOONAN, Circuit Judge: Christopher Frushon appeals his conviction of being a felon in possession of a firearm in violation of 18 U.S.C. Sec. 922(g). The government appeals the sentence imposed by the district court. We affirm the conviction but remand for resentencing. Frushon contends that the evidence was insufficient to support his conviction. We must affirm if any rational trier of fact could have found all the essential elements of the crime beyond a reasonable doubt. Jackson v. Virginia, 443 U.S. 307, 319, 99 S.Ct. 2781, 2789, 61 L.Ed.2d 560 (1979). Viewing the evidence in the light most favorable to the government, the following facts were established: On December 19, 1991 agents of the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms executed a search warrant at a mobile home identified in the warrant as that of Christopher Frushon. A woman who identified herself as Mrs. Frushon answered the door and admitted the agents. In the north bedroom they found a Mossberg 12-gauge shotgun leaning against the wall along the headboard of the bed and in a gun rack directly over the bed a Savage 24 Series combination gun, an H & R single barrel Model 58 shotgun and a Mossberg Model 500A 12-gauge shotgun. Ammunition was found in a bag in the night stand within two feet of the bed. Other boxes of ammunition and a bandoleer of shotgun ammunition were found in a chest in a closet in the corner of the bedroom. In a box on the dresser opposite the foot of the bed were two receipts. One was dated September 14, 1991 and made out to Chris Frushon for the purchase of a Mossberg 12-gauge shotgun, serial number K492029. The number was the same as the number of the shotgun leaning against the wall. The other receipt was dated December 18, 1990 and was made out to Chris Frushon for the acquisition of a shotgun from a pawn shop. In a desk drawer of the living room the agents found a California Prison Privilege Card issued to Frushon and a photograph of him holding a shotgun identifiable as the one leaning against the wall. The agents also searched with a warrant a service station operated by Frushon, recovering there various types of ammunition including ammunition for a 12-gauge shotgun. Frushon points to the fact that he was not present at either the service station or the mobile home when they were searched and the additional fact that his fingerprints were not found on the weapons. He contends that neither place was under his exclusive control. He concludes there was insufficient evidence of his possession, which "means dominion and control" not "mere proximity." United States v. Ocampo, 937 F.2d 485, 489 (9th Cir.1991) (drugs found in truck at residence owned by defendant not proved to have been possessed by the defendant when he did not have the keys to the truck). Frushon contends that "[f]or almost 30 years this Court has held that joint occupancy of a residence is not enough to show possession." Delgado v. United States, 327 F.2d 641, 642 (9th Cir.1964) (drugs found in drawer of the nightstand in a residence shared by defendant and man she was living with not proved to have been possessed by defendant). The principles set out by Frushon are incontestable, and the cases he cites are still valid. The facts of his case are different. The purchase receipt for the Mossberg 12-gauge shotgun found in the bedroom connects him beyond dispute with ownership of the shotgun. The photograph equally identifies him as the person whose gun it was. Not the slightest evidence at trial suggested that the woman who identified herself as his wife purchased or possessed the guns. Ample evidence was presented justifying the jury's conclusion that the mobile home belonged to Frushon and that the firearms found in the bedroom belonged to him as well. The jury could properly infer that he possessed the weapons since he must have known of their presence in his home and must have had physical access to, and control over, them. THE SENTENCE The district court found that Frushon's crime was at an offense level of 18 and that he had a criminal history category of IV, yielding a sentencing range of 41 to 51 months. The court sentenced him to forty-one months, the low end of the applicable range. In doing so, the district court did not follow the recommendation of the presentence report that Frushon be sentenced as a career criminal. The government appeals, contending that he should be sentenced as a career criminal. Our starting point must be the statute. Chapter 44 of Title 18 is entitled "Firearms". The provision of Chapter 44 under which the government seeks to sentence Frushon as a career criminal is 18 U.S.C. Sec. 924(e)(1), which begins: "In the case of a person who violates Section 922(g) of this title and has three previous convictions by any court referred to in Section 922(g)(1) of this title for a violent felony ... such person shall be ... imprisoned not less than fifteen years...." The statute then goes on in subsection (e)(2)(B) to define violent felony as "any crime punishable by imprisonment for a term exceeding one year." As a crime punishable for a term exceeding one year is earlier defined in Chapter 44 we turn to that definition. The very first section of Chapter 44, Sec. 921, is entitled "Definitions" and begins: "As used in this chapter--". The following sections set out a number of definitions. At Section 20 there is this provision: (20) The term "crime punishable by imprisonment for a term exceeding one year" does not include-- (A) any Federal or State offenses pertaining to antitrust violations, unfair trade practices, restraints of trade, or other similar offenses relating to the regulation of business practices, or (B) any State offense classified by the laws of the State as a misdemeanor and punishable by a term of imprisonment of two years or less. What constitutes a conviction of such a crime shall be determined in accordance with the law of the jurisdiction in which the proceedings were held. Any conviction which has been expunged, or set aside or for which a person has been pardoned or has had civil rights restored shall not be considered a conviction for purposes of this chapter, unless such pardon, expungement, or restoration of civil rights expressly provides that the person may not ship, transport, possess, or receive firearms. This definitional statute plainly states that what constitutes conviction "of such a crime", meaning "crime punishable by imprisonment for a term exceeding one year," shall be determined in accordance with the law of the jurisdiction in which the conviction was obtained. If the proceedings were state proceedings, state law determines "what constitutes a conviction of such a crime." Unless there is another part of the statute overriding this definition, or controlling case authority to the contrary, we must adhere to the plain language of the statute. The government argues that we should not use the definition because of a statement in United States v. Sherbondy, 865 F.2d 996, 1004-1005 (9th Cir.1988) that Congress has defined in Section 924(e) itself what constitutes a violent felony. But the government misunderstands the point of Sherbondy. It is true that "violent felony" is explicitly defined in (e)(2)(B)(i) and (ii) as a crime that has, as an element, the use, attempted use, or threatened use of physical violence against the person of another, or is burglary, arson or extortion, or involves the use of explosives, or otherwise involves conduct presenting a serious potential risk of physical harm to anyone. These characteristics of a violent felony are obviously matters of federal law, as Sherbondy held. But neither Sherbondy nor section 924(e) address the meaning of "any crime punishable by imprisonment for a term exceeding one year." On that point the same judge of this circuit who was the author of Sherbondy explicitly noted that a crime punishable by a term exceeding one year is defined in Section 921(a)(20). United States v. Geyler, 932 F.2d 1330, 1332 (9th Cir.1991). Strictly speaking, neither Sherbondy nor Geyler control, for neither addressed the question now before the court. Nonetheless, Geyler 's emphasis on the statute's plain language, id. at 1335-1336, as well as its general tenor, confirm the result reached here. Not only is the statute clear, but our case law is consistent with the clear language. Whether Frushon has committed a crime punishable by a term of imprisonment exceeding one year must be determined in accordance with state law. For purposes of enhancement under California law, according to which Frushon was earlier convicted of burglary, he was convicted of a single crime. In re Harris, 49 Cal.3d 131, 260 Cal.Rptr. 288, 775 P.2d 1057 (1989). That decision, however, does not determine whether under California law he had a single conviction of burglary. Only for state enhancement purposes does California require "the formal distinctiveness of the prior proceedings." 49 Cal.3d at 135, 260 Cal.Rptr. at 290, 775 P.2d at 1059. The state law on state enhancement does not affect the nature of the original convictions. California's enhancement scheme has no bearing on federal enhancement schemes. United States v. Harden, 846 F.2d 1229 (9th Cir.1988), cert. denied, 488 U.S. 910, 109 S.Ct. 264, 102 L.Ed.2d 252. As In re Harris itself made clear, two convictions can still exist as a result of two counts on which the defendant is charged and convicted in the same proceeding. 49 Cal.3d at 133, 260 Cal.Rptr. at 289, 775 P.2d at 1058. We turn to the question whether there was proof that Frushon had been convicted in California of three crimes carrying a term of imprisonment for more than one year. The government had the burden of proof. United States v. Kemp, 938 F.2d 1020, 1025 (9th Cir.1991). The proof had to be by the preponderance of the evidence, meaning not mere quantity of evidence but evidence of a sufficient quality to convince the district court's mind of the truth of the proposition asserted. United States v. Restrepo, 946 F.2d 654, 661 (en banc 9th Cir.1991). What the government offered was the presentence report. The presentence report "is admissible evidence", but it is "generally hearsay, even remote hearsay at the second and third remove." United States v. Fine, 975 F.2d 596, 603 (9th Cir.1992). The presentence report in relevant part ran as follows: 30. Date of Conviction/ Date Sentence Arrest Court Imposed/Dispo. 06/22/87 (age Burglary, first degree 0/1/88: Two years on Count I, 24) (five counts) Orange two years concurrent on County Superior Court Counts II and III, and 2 2/3 Case C65171 years on Counts IV and V to be served consecutive to Counts I, II, and III 31. The defendant committed numerous residential burglaries. At several crime scenes, the defendant's fingerprints were found. In one charge, the defendant attempted to sell some of the stolen items. He was represented by counsel. 32. The defendant was also charged in Orange County Superior Court case C66666 on three counts of burglary, first degree. These counts were consolidated into case C65171 as Counts IV, V and VI. Under California law each entry into a dwelling with the intent to commit burglary should be charged as a separate crime. People v. Kittrelle, 102 Cal.App.2d 149, 155, 227 P.2d 38, 41 (1951). If this standard was observed in the Superior Court of Orange County, Frushon had burglarized five different dwellings and was convicted of five separate felonies under California law. At his federal sentencing Frushon did not challenge the presentence report's accuracy or this conclusion that could be drawn from it. If the district court is convinced of the accuracy of the presentence report, it should resentence Frushon as a career criminal. AFFIRMED as to conviction. REMANDED for sentencing. CANBY, Circuit Judge, concurring: I concur in that portion of Judge Noonan's opinion that deals with sufficiency of the evidence. I also concur in the result reached with regard to the sentence, but on different grounds. In my view the sentencing issue is controlled by 18 U.S.C. Sec. 924(e), which provides an enhanced sentence for a person who "has three previous convictions by any court referred to in section 922(g)(1) of this title for a violent felony or a serious drug offense, or both, committed on occasions different from one another...." (Emphasis added). When the question is whether several crimes that are tried together constitute one offense or multiple offenses for purposes of federal enhancement, this language controls. If the offenses of which Frushon was previously convicted were committed on different occasions, as the presentence report suggests, they each count as one offense for purposes of career offender enhancement. It is true that 18 U.S.C. Sec. 20 provides that "[w]hat constitutes a conviction of such a crime shall be determined in accordance with the law of the jurisdiction in which the proceedings were held." But that reference is clearly intended to deal with the meaning of "conviction" itself, not with the ascertainment of the number of convictions. That intent is clear from the rest of section 20, which explains that convictions that are expunged or set aside, or that have been the subject of a pardon or restoration of civil rights, cannot be counted unless the terms of the expungement, pardon or restoration prohibit possession of firearms. Id. Section 20's reference to the law of the convicting court, therefore, is simply inapplicable to the question before us. I would consequently rely on federal law, 18 U.S.C. Sec. 924(e), and not state law, in support of the remand for resentencing. William H. Orrick, Jr., Senior United States District Judge for the Northern District of California, sitting by designation	cc/2019-30/en_head_0049.json.gz/line13074
__label__wiki	0.708521	0.708521	The Corner: Beginning of End for FB? — The Collapse of Car Dealerships Greetings from Open Markets. In this issue of The Corner, we look at how the Zuckerberg hearings on the Hill may prove the beginning of the end for Facebook, and dig into the real reason for the escalating collapse of America’s independent car dealerships. April 20, 2018 \| by Open Markets Greetings from Open Markets. In this issue of The Corner, we look at how the Zuckerberg hearings on the Hill may prove the beginning of the end for Facebook, and dig into the real reason for the escalating collapse of America’s independent car dealerships. To read previous editions of The Corner, click here. THE FACEBOOK HEARINGS—THE BEGINNING OF A PERIOD OF DRAMATIC REFORM? After Mark Zuckerberg’s 10 hours of testimony before both the Senate and House last week, much of the press concluded the Facebook CEO carried the day. “The verdict from Wall Street is in,” CNN reported, as the corporation’s stock rose 4.5% over the course of hearings. “Investors clearly think Facebook CEO Mark Zuckerberg was the winner.” Facebook executives agreed. Wired quoted one executive who expressed not merely relief, but disdain for Zuckerberg’s questioners: “Once it was clear how bad it was and how mismatched [the members] were, everybody had this awakening: We have made some mistakes, but these guys know even less.” Facebook VP Carlyn Everson assured The Wall Street Journal that the company plans no major changes to its revenue or business model. When Zuckerberg returned to Facebook’s headquarters in California, according to Wired he met with employees in what one called “a Mark lovefest.” It’s certainly fair to give Zuckerberg his due. In two long days of hearings, he remained calm and polite and kept closely to his script. It was an impressive performance. But just because no Senator was able to shout, “it was Colonel Mustard in the ballroom with the candlestick” does not mean the investigations are over. On the contrary, these hearings raised more questions than they answered and set many wheels into motion. Like the Pujo hearings of 1912 and Pecorra hearings of 1932, the Facebook hearings of 2018 may well be remembered not as the end of something, but the beginning of a period of radical reform. Of the many realizations on Capitol Hill last week, perhaps the single most important is that Facebook is a communications monopoly, not much different in kind from AT&T a century ago. This realization in turn provides Congress and law enforcers with a way to better understand the nature of America’s Facebook problem and a better idea of what to do about it. In short, Russian interference in elections, the spilling of personal secrets into the hands of bad actors, and Facebook’s disruption of trustworthy news all become easier to fix when and if Washington recognizes Facebook as a monopoly. Senator Lindsey Graham (R-SC) was first to bring up the subject. “You don’t think you have a monopoly?” Graham asked incredulously. The best answer Zuckerberg could come up with was: “It certainly doesn’t feel like that to me.” During the House hearing the following day, Rep. Bill Flores (R-TX) compared Facebook to AT&T and Standard Oil. “Just as we addressed those monopolies in the past, we’re faced with … that situation today,” Flores said. “Congress needs to consider policy responses” to secure not only “privacy,” Rep. Flores said, but also “fairness.” Perhaps the most damning set of questions came from Sen. Dan Sullivan (R-AK). Sen. Sullivan started with “Is Facebook too powerful?” then spoke the words Facebook executives most dread. “When companies become big and powerful,” Sullivan said, “what typically happens from this body is there is an instinct either to regulate or break up.” When Zuckerberg replied: “I think we should have a full conversation about what is the right regulation,” Sullivan countered with his fear that regulating the corporation, as opposed to breaking it up, would simply lock Facebook “into a position of cemented authority.” Sen. Sullivan ended with a line of questioning that will all but certainly be taken up by Congress in the near future. Seeking to get a clear understanding of what role exactly Facebook plays in the news business, he asked: “So which are you? Are you a tech company, or are you the world’s largest publisher? Because I think that goes to a really important question on what form of regulation or government action, if any, we would take.” (italics added) Tellingly, Congress’ new anti-Facebook attitude was on full display the next day in a little noticed hearing for Rebecca Kelly Slaughter, who was nominated to serve on the Federal Trade Commission. Both Republican and Democratic Senators who had questioned Zuckerberg the day before pressed Slaughter hard on Facebook, privacy, and tech monopolies in general. The FTC’s entire leadership is about to turn over, and the other four nominees clearly heard the senators’ anger and noted their questions. Meanwhile, the former FTC official who wrote the agency’s 2011 consent decree governing the Facebook’s use of data, law professor David Vladeck, said he has changed his mind about the corporation. Facebook is not, as Vladeck believed in 2011, “clueless,” which he defined as admitting errors but offering excuses. Instead, Vladeck wrote before the hearings, Facebook appears to be “venal,” which he defined as denying “all wrongdoing no matter how egregious the violation.” Vladeck’s words may not have been noticed by CNN or Wired, but they were heard inside the FTC. Finally, there’s the matter of how the hearings affected attitudes outside of Washington. On Monday, Netflix CEO Reed Hastings, who is on the board of Facebook, criticized the ad model of the company. The dating app Bumble dropped a requirement that users also have a Facebook login. U.S. District Judge James Donato certified a potential multi-billion dollar class action against Facebook for violating Illinois’s facial recognition law against storing biometric data without user consent. Perhaps most troubling for the corporation, after nearly a year of Facebook scandals in Washington barely a quarter of Facebook users now say they trust the corporation. Facebook’s mystique of invulnerability is gone, at least in Washington. Which means, the day of reckoning comes. HIGHLIGHTS FROM THE HEARING: Sen. Lindsey Graham (R-SC): “My point is that one way to regulate a company is through competition, [or] through government regulation. Here’s the question that all of us got to answer: What do we tell our constituents, given what’s happened here, why we should let you self-regulate?” Rep. Anna Eshoo (D-CA): “I think the damage done to our democracy, relative to Facebook and its platform being weaponized, are incalculable. Enabling the cynical manipulation of American citizens for the purpose of influencing an election is deeply offensive, and it’s very dangerous. Putting our private information on offer without concern for possible misuses, I think, is simply irresponsible.” Rep. Bill Flores (R-TX): “And, just as Facebook — and these companies were founded by bright entrepreneurs. Their companies grew. And, eventually, they sometimes became detached from everyday Americans. And what happened is policymakers then had to step in and reestablish the balance between those — those folks and everyday Americans.” Rep. Kathy Castor (D-FL): “For all of the benefits that Facebook has provided in building communities and connecting families, I think a devil’s bargain has been struck. And, in the end, Americans do not like to be manipulated. They do not like to be spied on. We don’t like it when someone is outside of our home, watching. We don’t like it when someone is following us around the neighborhood or, even worse, following our kids or stalking our children. Facebook now has evolved to a place where you are tracking everyone. Sen. Orrin Hatch (R-UT): “This is the most intense public scrutiny I’ve seen for a tech-related hearing since the Microsoft hearing that—that I chaired back in the late 1990s.” ? ANTI-MONOPOLY RISING: Labour Party MP Rachel Reeves, chair of the House of Commons’s Business, Energy, and Industrial Strategy Committee, in a recent speech at the British think tank New Economy Foundation, emphasized the ills of “the monopolies of the new platform capitalism.” Reeves said that “Google, Facebook, and Amazon…block competitive markets; avoid taxation; [and] extract and commodify information about the personal life and identities of consumers.” Reeves adapted the speech from her new pamphlet The Everyday Economy. AGCM, Italy’s antitrust authority, has opened a probe into possible incorrect commercial practices by Facebook, noting in a statement that the corporation “may not adequately and immediately inform the user about the collection and use, for commercial reasons, of the data that they release.” Lina Khan was awarded Best Academic Article on Unilateral Conduct by the Antitrust Writing Award Jury, a select group of law professors and general counsel members, at the annual Antitrust Writing Award ceremony in Washington, DC. She also appeared on CNN to discuss whether Amazon is a monopoly, and was interviewed by Minnesota Public Radio, where she explained the harm mergers pose to the economy. Phil Longman published an article in The Washington Post about the misconceptions surrounding the Veteran Administration’s healthcare system and attempts to privatize it. He also presented his ‘Medicare Prices for All’ idea at the Lown Institute Healthcare Conference last week, based on this piece in Washington Monthly. Barry Lynn spoke on a panel entitled “Antitrust in a Time of Economic Populism” at the American Bar Association’s 66th annual Antitrust Law Spring Meeting. Zephyr Teachout, Open Markets board member, wrote an op-ed in The Guardian about how last week’s Senate hearing on Facebook was a “show trial.” Sarah Miller published an article in The Daily Beast arguing that the best way to fix Facebook is to break apart the corporation’s monopolistic business model. Matt Stoller joined WNYC’s “On the Media” to discuss the Senate and House hearings on Facebook, and to explain the problems the corporation poses for ad-buyers and customers. Kevin Carty appeared on KALW’s “Your Call” to discuss how big companies use data collection to expand their power over users and other companies. WHAT’S MISSING FROM THE PICTURE? The Real Reason Behind the Decline of Car Dealerships A recent article in The Wall Street Journal reports that traditional car dealerships are increasingly selling out to mega-dealers like AutoNation, hedge funds, and private equity firms. The rapid consolidation of the retail auto market is putting control of dealerships into fewer and fewer hands. Indeed, the nation’s top 50 auto retailers sold some $175 billion in vehicles and services this year, up from $144 billion four years ago, even as the sales for the entire auto dealer market has remained relatively stable. The Journal accounts for this trend by citing changing industry practices, ranging from the introduction of websites that allow customers to purchase vehicles online to the belief that ride-hailing will make vehicle ownership a less practical option. As the article puts it: “The internet has made car prices more transparent for customers and given them the ability to shop around. It has also enabled online purchases of used cars. Electric-car maker Tesla Inc. is using online ordering to circumvent dealerships entirely. And Uber Technologies Inc. envisions a world where more people will rely on ride-hailing apps instead of owning a car.” To be sure, these factors have indeed disrupted the traditional auto sales business model and have made it more difficult for dealers to compete. They’ve also ushered in a few positive benefits: increased transparency regarding the ‘sticker price’ of cars and increased choice for purchasing vehicles. But what the article misses is that dealers also face extraordinary pressure from car-makers as a result of changes in case law and competition policy. In the early decades of the auto industry, the franchise agreements that car-makers imposed on owners gave car-dealers few legal or economic protections. For instance, a typical agreement did not require auto manufacturers actually to supply the dealer with cars and allowed the manufacturers to terminate dealers “at will.” To address these concerns, various states in the late 1930s began passing laws that neutralized the enormous power car-makers wielded over dealers. In 1956, the Feds joined in, passing the Automobile Dealer’s Day in Court Act (ADDICA). This Act gave dealers the right to sue automakers when they engaged in practices of arbitrary termination and non-renewal. The laws also had the effect of creating an open market for dealers to sell and distribute automobiles. Besides counterbalancing the power of auto manufacturers over its dealers, the franchising laws helped ensure that a large percentage of both the revenue and profits from automobile sales remained local, in the hands of the dealers themselves and the local companies they supported, such as advertising agencies and newspapers. But this balance of power began to shift in the late 1970s, when courts narrowed the scope of a clause in ADDICA, which required plaintiffs to prove car-makers were exercising “coercion.” Since then, as franchise law scholar Jessica Higashiyama writes, “very few dealers have been successful in recovering damages and costs under ADDICA.” In the years since, car-makers have imposed a complex and largely opaque system of incentives and quotas on owners. Dealers will receive payment from car-makers only if they sell a certain number of cars or buy a certain number of auto parts, invest a certain amount of money into showroom upgrades, or even process a certain number of loans through the automaker’s finance arm. As one dealer explained in trade industry publication Automotive News, the dealer is increasingly “an agent of the manufacturer” rather than an “independent retailer.” Dealers, he says, are subject to “a pay plan that is completely in the manufacturer’s control and changes on a whim.” The power of car-dealers has presented itself in other ways too. In 2008, General Motors and Chrysler Group lobbied the Obama Administration’s Presidential Task Force on the Auto Industry to terminate more than 3,000 dealerships, purportedly as a measure to cut costs. And more recently, car-makers have solidified their near-monopoly on aftermarket and repair car parts, squeezing out independent mechanics but also increasing their control over their branded dealers. These dynamics have pressured dealers into finding ways to increase their bargaining power against car-makers. A growing number are simply choosing to sell out. Indeed, AutoNation, the country’s biggest chain, grew from 206 stores in 2011 to 360 today. Similarly, Group 1 Automotive increased in size over that same period, swelling from 100 dealerships to 227. Even at the local level this dynamic is playing out, with once small dealers, like Hendrick Automotive and Koons Automotive, growing in clout by serving many car manufacturers, instead of just one. The former, for instance, has grown from 66 to 139 outlets over the past seven years. WHAT WE’RE READING: Beyond Austerity: Towards a Global New Deal, Chapter VI (The United Nations): This section, entitled “Market Power and Inequality: The Revenge of the Rentiers,” highlights the structural effects of the growing market domination and lobbying powers of large corporations. “How Profiteers Lure Women Into Often-Unneeded Surgery,” (The New York Times, Matthew Goldstein & Jessica Silver-Greenberg): An exposé of the industry that makes money by coaxing women into having surgery—sometimes unnecessarily—so that they are more lucrative plaintiffs in lawsuits against medical device manufacturers. “The Stealth Media? Groups and Targets Behind Divisive Issue Campaigns on Facebook,” (Political Communication, University of Wisconsin-Madison): After reviewing 5 million paid Facebook ads seen by 9,500 people before the 2016 presidential election, the authors of this peer-reviewed study suggest that the scope of ads promoting disinformation by foreign actors extends far beyond just Russian interference. VITAL STAT: The number of eggs recalled by Rose Acre Farms, the second-largest U.S. producer of eggs, due to fears that they may be contaminated with salmonella, according to a notice by the Food and Drug Administration. The eggs, which already sickened 22 people, and which were sold under more than six different brands, illustrate how the extreme consolidation of food production can accelerate the harm and geographic scope of public health outbreaks. WHAT WE’RE WATCHING: On The Docket: On April 24, the Supreme Court will hear Animal Science v. Hebei Welcome, a case that arose when U.S. corporations alleged that the Chinese corporations from which they had bought Vitamin C fixed prices, thereby violating U.S. antitrust laws. At issue is whether U.S. courts should defer to the interpretation of laws by foreign government agencies—in this instance, the claim of the Chinese Ministry of Commerce that the Vitamin C producers were not exhibiting cartel-like behavior. If ruled in favor of the defendants, the decision would suggest that U.S. courts defer to foreign government interpretation of their domestic law, even when doing so would undermine U.S. law and policy. Century Note: Last week European Union antitrust enforcers raided the London offices of 21st Century Fox, alleging that the media giant “violated EU antitrust rules that prohibit cartels and restrictive business practices.” Will this action affect the outcome of the proposed £11.7 billion takeover bid of Sky News by 21st Century Fox? Cutting Class: The Department of Justice opened an investigation into whether the sharing of information about early-decision applicants by admissions counselors at competing colleges violates antitrust law. While there exists a long history of cartel-like behavior among universities, this inquiry suggests a new dynamic: whether higher education institutions accept or reject students based on the admissions decisions of other colleges.	cc/2019-30/en_head_0049.json.gz/line13075
__label__cc	0.703011	0.296989	Understanding the Theory of 'Marketplace of Ideas' With Examples The theory of 'Marketplace of Ideas' is a metaphor for freedom of expression, and states that ideas compete with each other in the market, and eventually every individual critically evaluates them to pass a judgment. OpinionFront talks about this concept with the help of some examples. Neha B Deshpande "We are not afraid to entrust the American people with unpleasant facts, foreign ideas, alien philosophies, and competitive values. For a nation that is afraid to let its people judge the truth and falsehood in an open market is a nation that is afraid of its people." ― John F. Kennedy Freedom of expression is one of the basic rights of any individual. When you wish to review any product before buying it, you visit online portals that exhibit consumer's opinions and ratings of the product. In this case, you try to take opinions and suggestions of everyone to arrive at a consensus. You have the freedom to choose. Similarly, marketplace of ideas is a theory which states that every idea has its own importance, and it is up to the market to churn out the truth. Citizens make a rational decision on the basis of these rulings. Now let's see what the definition of marketplace of ideas is, the origin of the word, and a few examples. Definition of 'Marketplace of Ideas' The theory of 'Marketplace of Ideas' suggests that freedom of expression in the market will eventually lead to the discovery of the truth by society. Thus, in this context, it is stated that every person is entitled to critically evaluate and pass his own judgment. All ideas have their own worth, and a citizen should rationally evaluate, the way he does in case of a new product in market. It is a metaphor for freedom of expression. What proponents of this theory suggested: Ideas will compete in the market, and in their clashes quality will improve, and the truth will finally be revealed. The government should not interfere in press and social media, since any degree of government regulation might distort the truth. Examples of 'Marketplace of Ideas' Abrams v. United States This landmark case gained immense popularity due to Oliver Wendell Holmes's dissent on the ruling given by the court, and marked the birth of the concept of 'marketplace of ideas' as a legal concept. Anarchist Joseph Abrams was convicted for distributing fliers that opposed President Woodrow Wilson for dispatching troops to Russia. According to Holmes, distribution of fliers merely to oppose the government for its involvement in war did not tantamount to some heinous crime, it was merely an expression, an opinion, which everyone is entitled to, and not to serve a potential threat to the government, that might ignite the necessity to regulate their freedom of speech. He used the 'clear and present danger' test to show his dissent for the conviction. His infamous quote is as follows - When men have realized that time has upset many fighting faiths, they may come to believe even more than they believe the very foundations of their own conduct that the ultimate good desired is better reached by free trade in ideas--that the best test of truth is the power of the thought to get itself accepted in the competition of the market, and that truth is the only ground upon which their wishes can be carried out. That, at any rate, is the theory of our Constitution. It is an experiment, as all life is an experiment." ― Oliver Wendell Holmes, Jr. 'Areopagitica' by John Milton The basic ideas of 'marketplace' which proposed and encouraged liberty and freedom of speech is quoted in a brilliant work called 'Areopagitica' by John Milton. This work mainly advocates freedom of the press, and dissuades censorship on any ground. It was written in 1644 as a plea to the government of England to withdraw the Licensing Order of June 16, 1643. He has very aptly described the importance of freedom of expression. He also stated that along with good, there must be bad, since both of them together help society learn about truth. Though this work was ignored by the parliament, it set up a huge milestone for unconventional thoughts, and ignited radical changes in attitude and thinking. Give me the liberty to know, to utter, and to argue freely according to conscience, above all liberties." ― John Milton, Areopagitica 'On Liberty' by John Stuart Mill In his work 'On Liberty', Mill explains the meaning of liberty, and its impact on society. He states that every individual has the ability to critically evaluate, and unpopular opinions help in determining the truth, since it encourages society to have newer perspectives. No voice should be muffled, and everyone should have the freedom to have their own opinion, whatsoever, provided he claims responsibility for it. No thought should be imposed on any individual, simply because it is considered true by a group of people. The government should value everyone's opinion, and should not only follow what is the judgment of the majority. "If all mankind minus one, were of one opinion, and only one person were of the contrary opinion, mankind would be no more justified in silencing that one person, than he, if he had the power, would be justified in silencing mankind." ― John Stuart Mill, On Liberty First Amendment to the United States Constitution The First Amendment to the United States Constitution protects the rights of citizens, giving them liberty of speech, faith, and religion, and prohibits Congress from passing any law that prohibits the freedom of speech of the press or individuals. Of course, there are certain parameters as to what exactly is considered 'freedom of speech'. 'The Marketplace of Ideas: Reform and Resistance in the American University' by Louis Menand This book speaks about how there has been a revolutionary change in the studying patterns of students and teachers. However, the education system still continues to have the same rigid, conventional method of study. With the advancement of technology, gradually there are many changes and the way students learn. Thus, the author suggests that the University can become a 'marketplace of ideas', and be receptive to new ideas. Criticism of the Theory Critics suggest that the theory is based on many assumptions. It is not necessary that consumers are rational enough to understand that. It might result into vague information being distributed, and it is not necessary that citizens are the best judge. No one wants what the truth is, and wish to believe lies, since the truth can be bitter. It is not necessary that the winning argument is the truth. Furthermore, marketing gimmicks may even fool the public, and the one that stands best, or is marketed the best, wins, which might not be the truth. Further, it is human tendency to have 'herd mentality' or to fall victim to Groupthink. Instead of dissenting and inviting the wrath of everyone, it is easier to please everyone, and accept that what everyone thinks is the truth. Thus, this theory stressed on the liberty of freedom of expression of individuals as well as the media. Of course, marketplace of ideas in media and journalism should be governed by ethics, and liberty should not be taken for granted. The U.S. is one of those nations to have a culture of free mindset, where every individual is free to follow his own beliefs, not only legally, but also socially. Why is Freedom of Speech and Expression Important? List of Human Rights List of Human Rights Issues Understanding Covert and Overt Discrimination with Examples Different Types of Governments Positive Effects of Globalization	cc/2019-30/en_head_0049.json.gz/line13077
__label__cc	0.737031	0.262969	Coach Michelle Michelle is the Owner, Founder and Director of Operations for Pacific Youth Sports. She has twenty years experience working in the cheerleading industry and has developed her vision, creativity and talent through Pacific Youth Sports. Performance experience includes working with the City of Rancho Cucamonga and city special events, Victoria Gardens, Quakes Stadium and various community events. Michelle is acclaimed for her unique and modern choreography for a variety of dance and cheerleading styles. She is excited and committed to introduce quality cheer, dance and gymnastics to all her students and the community! Michelle currently teaches gymnastics and cheerleading to our Cubs and Junior Varsity Competitive team in the city of Rancho Cucamonga. Coach Kristina Kristina graduated from Cal State San Bernardino. She was the captain of her cheer squad from 2007-2009 and has seven years experience in the cheerleading and gymnastics field. Kristina has also coached other various cheer squads and ran stunt clinics for children ages 7-12. She prides in teaching the sport of cheerleading and emphasizes the benefits of team work. She is excited to be a part of Pacific Youth Sports and looks forward to the opportunity to teach our students the fundamentals of cheer and the skills of gymnastics. Kristina currently teaches cheerleading, stunt & tumbling and our Varsity Competitive team in the city of Fontana and Rancho Cucamonga. Coach Monique Monique graduated from Cal State San Bernardino and has seven years experience in cheerleading and gymnastics. She was the captain of her cheer squad for two years at Colony High School. Monique ran stunt clinics for children ages 7-12 at Western Christian Elementary. She is very excited to join Pacific Youth Sports and looks forward to teaching the girls the sport of cheerleading and gymnastics. Monique currently teaches cheerleading, stunt and tumbling, dance and our Varsity competitive team in the city of Fontana and Rancho Cucamonga. Coach Emily Emily currently attends Etiwanda High School. She has been cheerleading and dancing since the age of 4. She has experience in Cheer, Jazz, Hip-Hop, and Contemporary Dance. She is serving her third year as a member of the Pacific Youth Sports Varsity Competitive Team and she also is the Captain of Etiwanda Color Guard. Emily is excited to be a part of our team after being taught by our proud Director, Michelle. Emily currently assists in teaching the JV Competitive Team. Coach Ron Coach Tina Tina Capacete has been coaching gymnastics for 21 years and joined the Pacific Youth Sports coaching team in 2009. She enjoyed gymnastics throughout her childhood and retired as a level 8 competitive gymnast. She is a Paraeducator at Cucamonga Middle School and has a passion for making a difference in the lives of children. She is currently coaching gymnastics and helping out with the competitive cheer program. Tina enjoys watching the growth and development every child achieves in the program. Coach Michelle P. Michelle graduated from Weber State University with a degree in education. She cheered all four years of high school and was the captain of her cheer squad. She has coached and instructed young cheerleaders and utilizes her educational background to connect with her students and promote effective learning. MIchelle's philosophy is that every athlete, if given the right motivation and opportunity to express themselves, has a cheer captain within, waiting to emerge. She is thrilled to join the talented coaching team of Pacific Youth Sports and looks forward to the opportunities to teach students the fundamentals of cheerleading. Michelle currently teaches cheerleading in La Verne and Norco.	cc/2019-30/en_head_0049.json.gz/line13079
__label__cc	0.501983	0.498017	Malignant mesothelioma of tunica vaginalis testis: Report of a very rare case with review of the literature mesothelioma, tunica vaginalis testis, asbestos exposure Trenti, E., Palermo, S., D’Elia, C., Comploj, E., Pycha, A., Carella, R., & Pycha, A. (2018). Malignant mesothelioma of tunica vaginalis testis: Report of a very rare case with review of the literature. Archivio Italiano Di Urologia E Andrologia, 90(3), 212-214. https://doi.org/10.4081/aiua.2018.3.212 Emanuela Trenti * General Hospital of Bolzano, Department of Urology, Bolzano, Italy. Salvatore Mario Palermo Carolina D'Elia Evi Comploj General Hospital of Bolzano, Department of Urology, Bolzano; Department of Research, College of Health Care Professions Claudiana, Bolzano, Italy. Alexander Pycha Kantons Hospital Luzern, Department of Urology, Luzern, Switzerland. Rodolfo Carella General Hospital of Bolzano, Department of Pathology, Bolzano, Italy. Armin Pycha General Hospital of Bolzano, Department of Urology, Bolzano; Chair of Urology, Sigmund Freud University Medical School, Vienna, Austria. Emanuela Trenti \| emanuela.trenti@sabes.it Introduction: Mesothelioma of the tunica vaginalis testis is a extremely rare tumor and represents 0.3 to 0.5% of all malignant mesotheliomas. Exposure to asbestos often precedes illness. Because of its low incidence and nonspecific clinical presentation, it is mostly diagnosed accidentally during surgery for other reasons and the prognosis is usually poor. We present a case of a patient with a mesothelioma of tunica vaginalis testis, diagnosed secondarily during hydrocele surgery, with long-term survival after radical surgery. Materials and methods: a 40 years old patient was admitted to our department for routine surgery of a left hydrocele. During the operation a frozen section analysis was requested because of the unusual nodular thickening of the tunica vaginalis: the examination revealed a diffuse malignant mesothelioma with epithelioid structure and tubular-papillary proliferation. Therefore a left hemi-scrotectomy with left inguinal lymph node dissection was performed. Results: The definitive histology confirmed the previous report of diffuse malignant mesothelioma with angio-invasion but normal testicle findings and negative lymph nodes. No metastases were found on the CT-scan. For the first 2 years a CT was repeated every 4 months, for other 3 years every 6 months and then yearly. Six years after surgery the patient is classified as no evidence of disease. Conclusions: malignant mesothelioma of the tunica vaginalis testis is a rare entity, often initially thought to be a hydrocele or an epididymal cyst. An aggressive approach with hemiscrotectomy with or without inguinal and retroperitoneal lymphadenectomy can reduce the risk of recurrence.	cc/2019-30/en_head_0049.json.gz/line13080
__label__wiki	0.850933	0.850933	Teaming up on an incredible gift Jason Chaney A local contractor, city and county staff, local companies donate money, materials and labor to complete upgrades at homeless shelter When the City of Prineville approved a land use permit for the Regeneration House last year, it included certain conditions to meet going forward. The men's homeless shelter operated by Redemption House Ministries that opened last fall on Madras Highway would eventually need fencing, an ADA-compliant paved parking lot, and landscaping to spruce up the outward appearance of the northwest Prineville property. The most expensive of those projects would be the parking lot, and during the 2018 year, Ken Fahlgren reached out to different businesses and organizations in hopes of getting the work done for the lowest cost possible to the shelter. The community partners ultimately exceeded his expectations as well as those of Greg Sanders, executive director of Redemption House Ministries. Not only did the work get done, Sanders said it didn't cost the organization any money. "We have been very fortunate in how things have come together," Sanders said. Fahlgren serves Crook and Jefferson counties as the Local Public Safety Council Coordinator, a position created by the Association of Oregon Counties. Part of that job includes efforts to ensure that homeless individuals are safe and off of the streets. His initial outreach efforts included conversations with local paving contractor Jim Perrigo. "He helped us with gravel in the beginning, getting the location (of the modular shelter) set," Fahlgren noted. "He gave us all of the gravel for everything underneath the siting of the shelter and for the parking area." He turned to Perrigo again later, this time to find out how much it would cost to pave the parking area so that Redemption House leaders could know what fundraising was necessary. "He didn't even stutter — he just said, 'I will do this for you for free,'" Fahlgren recalls. "I can't afford the asphalt, but I'll do all of the labor for you for free." This would be the first of many pleasant surprises. Crook County later agreed to donate $3,000 toward purchase of the asphalt, and St. Charles Health System chipped in another $2,500. This came as Tri-County Paving provided a discount on the asphalt as well. Sanders went on to note that the City of Prineville's Public Works Department completed prep work on the site prior to paving, and Greg Hinshaw, with Crook County's Maintenance Department, completed parking lot striping and installed ADA signage. The approximately $18,000 worth of work was completed earlier this month. "We had some wonderful partners," Fahlgren remarked. "These are people who put out a lot of time and money and donated to make this happen." In addition to the paving work, another local company, Crooked River Landscaping, was able to complete the majority of the required landscaping work at the site, thanks to some anonymous donations to Redemption House Ministries. He noted shelter leaders still need to add some trees to the site to obscure view of the facility's outdoor A/C unit from the highway, but landscaping is otherwise done. "It's really great how the community just comes around and tries to do everything they can to help the people in our community who are just down and out," Sanders said of the paving and landscaping projects. He hopes to soon hold a dedication ceremony to honor all of the individuals, businesses and organizations that have helped make the projects a reality and ensure the shelter can remain at its current location. "We are very grateful for how the inhabitants of Prineville support us," he said.	cc/2019-30/en_head_0049.json.gz/line13081
__label__cc	0.576629	0.423371	Multi-restaurant Manager Patrick Daly has helped shape many Parry Restaurant Group establishments, including Waterstone, Shoemakers, Beamer’s 25, El Jefe, Bootleggers, Fire & Hops and Fry’s Spring Station. A “culture guy,” Patrick works hard to get everyone on the same page so they can “move forward together.” He believes first and foremost in teamwork and putting people first. Patrick met Stephan Parry in 2006 while in the midst of Patrick’s first entrepreneurial experience in Christiansburg. He saw Stephan’s leadership and sold everything and went to work for him. Patrick came to Lynchburg to help open Shoemakers in 2006 and has since helped to open one restaurant after another with the Parry Restaurant Group. His love of restaurants started when he was a young boy and grew after he attended Virginia Tech. He decided to pursue his passion for hospitality and found a home for that in Parry Restaurant Group. Patrick, who hails from Long Island, N.Y., praises his Italian Mom for teaching him important lessons in hospitality and caring for others. He points to Stephan Parry as his life coach: “I owe my success in this business to my mentor Steve Parry. I appreciate the knowledge and experience he’s shared with me over the years.” Patrick and his beautiful wife have two adorable daughters and a furry, four-legged best friend, a German shepherd named Kaizer.	cc/2019-30/en_head_0049.json.gz/line13083
__label__wiki	0.954282	0.954282	На главную Портал Список форумов Силовые виды спорта FITNESS / Форум фитнеса The Houston Astros were in a celebratory mood after Модератор: Валера Первое новое сообщение • 1 сообщение • Страница 1 из 1 panxing18 Зарегистрирован: Сб мар 16, 2019 12:56 am Непрочитанное сообщение panxing18 » Пт мар 29, 2019 8:40 pm HOUSTON (AP) — helping Charlie Morton get a milestone win.George Springer had four hits and scored three runs to back Morton in his career-high 15th victory as the Astros beat the Arizona Diamondbacks 10-4 Saturday night.“I think our guys were genuinely happy for me Martin Prado Jersey ,” said the 34-year-old Morton, who made his fist All-Star appearance earlier this summer. “The wins — I guess it means a lot to me because of this group. We’ve been through a lot and it means a lot to me. It was fun.”Morton (15-3) limited Arizona to two runs and three hits while striking out seven in six innings. He was perfect through three innings before the Diamondbacks scored on a sacrifice fly from David Peralta in the fourth to pull to 2-1.“He’s already entered uncharted waters and he continues to tack onto his career,” Houston manager A.J. Hinch said. “These last two seasons, he’s been pushed, he’s been challenged, he’s had to endure a few things, and he’s done his part by continuing to post and do his routine and be incredibly effective. The back of the baseball card matters.”After struggling to get hits in a 4-2 loss to the Diamondbacks the previous night, the Astros managed 12 hits — including 10 singles — and drew seven walks in the bounce-back win. Coupled with Oakland’s 7-5 loss at Tampa Bay, the Astros extended their lead in the AL West to 3 1/2 games over the Athletics with 14 games remaining.Springer, who finished 4 for 5, said he didn’t have any lingering shoulder discomfort after exiting Friday’s loss early as a precaution following a diving attempt in the field. Instead, the Astros’ leadoff hitter had his first four-hit game since May.The Astros put together a three-run rally in the fourth inning with a string of singles from Springer, Jose Altuve, Marwin Gonzalez and Yuli Gurriel. Gonzalez’s hit drove in two, and he advanced to third on Gurriel’s dribbler into right field and came around to score when the ball went under the glove of right fielder Steven Souza.That chased Zack Godley (14-10), who gave up five runs and seven hits, while matching a season-high with six walks in 3 2/3 innings. He lost his third straight start, failing to make it to the sixth inning for the fifth time in his last six outings — going 1-4 in that stretch.“I’m at a point where it’s one outing after another where it’s kind of a snowball effect,” Godley said. “I’ve got to figure out a way to put a stop to it and put up a clean outing.”Ketel Marte homered off Morton in the fifth to cut Houston’s lead to 5-2.The Astros answered with another three-run inning in the sixth, again using exclusively singles from Springer http://www.marlinsfanproshop.com/authentic-starlin-castro-jersey , Alex Bregman and Gurriel to push the lead to 8-2. Altuve had a two-run double in the seventh.Eduardo Escobar hit his 22nd homer of the year in the eighth inning into the right-field upper deck off Chris Devenski to make it 10-3. Marte’s RBI double in the ninth capped the scoring.“We played sloppy baseball today in a couple of situations,” Arizona manager Torey Lovullo said. “We can’t do that, especially in this environment, this time of the year against this team. We’ve got to figure that out.”Jose Reddick homered, his 14th, off Godley in the second inning to get the Astros on the scoreboard first, and Gurriel made it 2-0 with run-scoring grounder in the third.The Astros left the bases loaded in the first and third innings and stranded 10 runners in the game.TRAINER’S ROOMDiamondbacks: Arizona placed RHP Clay Buchholz (right elbow flexor strain) on the 60-day disabled list. Buchholz, 34, was 7-2 with a 2.01 ERA in 16 starts for Arizona this season and was a late scratch from his last scheduled start Thursday in Colorado. RHP Randall Delgado was recalled from Triple-A Reno.Astros: RHP Lance McCullers Jr. (forearm strain) pitched a bullpen session on Saturday at the Astros’ spring training facility in Florida, facing one hitter and mixing in all of his pitches, Astros manager A.J. Hinch said. McCullers, who has been out since Aug. 4, will have a similar session on Tuesday.BREGMAN’S STREAKBregman went 1 for 2 with a run and two walks, extending his on-base streak to 41 games, the longest active streak in the majors and tied for the fourth-longest streak in franchise history.ASTROS ADD SPEEDOF Myles Straw made his major league debut as a pinch runner in the seventh after being called up from Triple-A Fresno on Saturday. Straw, 24, batted .291 with 70 stolen bases across Double-A and Triple-A this season. The Astros are hopeful that the speedy Straw can be a baserunning threat in the playoffs. To make room on the 40-man roster, the Astros transferred RHP Jandel Gustave to the 60-day disabled list.UP NEXTDiamondbacks: RHP Zack Greinke (14-9, 3.11 ERA) is 7-3 with a 2.75 ERA in his last 11 road starts. In 10 career starts against Houston, Greinke is 6-2 with a 2.24 ERA.Astros: RHP Justin Verlander (15-9 Wei-Yin Chen Jersey , 2.72 ERA) will close out Houston’s three-game series against Arizona on Sunday. Verlander is two strikeouts behind teammate Gerrit Cole (260) for the American League lead, and just 11 shy of his career high of 269 in 2009. Traditional baseball card statistics don't do Lorenzo Cain any favors. He's hit .300 a few times, but he's peaked at 16 home runs and 72 runs batted in, and he's yet to steal 30 bases in a season.And yet, he's more than justifying an $80 million contract by playing like an MVP in his first season with the Milwaukee Brewers.It's par for the course for Cain in the traditional categories in 2018. He has only 10 homers and 35 RBI, and his 26 steals are two off his career high of 28. There's no frowning at his .311/.403/.432 triple-slash line, though. Nor at his 6.1 wins above replacement, according to Baseball Reference. Those lead all National League position players:1.Lorenzo Cain: 6.12.Paul Goldschmidt: 5.6T3.Christian Yelich: 5.4T3.Javier Baez: 5.4T3:Freddie Freeman: 5.4Thanks in part to their 32-year-old center fielder's efforts, the Brewers hold the NL's top wild-card spot. They're also only one game off the Chicago Cubs' pace in the NL Central race.This doesn't mean Cain has the inside track at the NL MVP award. If there's a takeaway from an August 30 MLB Network discussion on the topic, it's that he's worthy of acknowledgment in the crowded race for the award but difficult to elevate in it:MLB Network MLBNetworkWhere do you think ChristianYelich should rank as an NL MVP candidate? How about his Brewers teammate Lorenzo Cain? #MLBNow 8Ifoa03f9iHowever, former Colorado Rockies general manager Dan O'Dowd hit the proverbial nail on the head: That Cain is in the MVP discussion at all reflects how much baseball has changed in recent years.A few exceptions aside, the MVP has typically honored guys with the biggest sticks. But as WAR has become a bigger part of the conversation, appreciation has grown for players who can do it all.Hence Cain's impossible-to-ignore candidacy. He's one of the National League's most valuable baserunners and defenders. And despite his 10 dingers and 35 RBI, he qualifies as a well-above-average hitter by way of his 122 OPS+.Whether going over all of this is still necessary in the year 2018 is a good question. The battle for the future of baseball was won by the number-crunchers many years ago, and there are many W-based statistics with which their victory is honored. Every time somebody mentions WAR, wOBA, wRC+ or WPA, a sabermetrician gets his/her wings.Still, the special place that Cain has found himself in feels like a singular achievement.Consider Cain's contract. He's one of only 32 free-agent hitters who've signed a contract worth at least $80 million, and he got his despite being relatively old Jeff Locke Jersey , inexperienced, unproductive and undecorated.Cain didn't become an everyday player with the Kansas City Royals鈥攚ho acquired him from the Brewers as part of the 2010 Zack Greinke tradentil his age-28 season in 2014. By the time he entered free agency, he was 31 and his record included just 756 career games, a 106 OPS+ and 57 homers.Among other $80 million free-agent hitters, those figures rank 29th, tied for 29th and 32nd. To boot, Cain had made only one All-Star team, and his defensive reputation wasn't underscored by any Gold Glove awards. To these extents, he entered the open market as less of a Torii Hunter and more of a Gary Matthews Jr.But Cain had racked up more WAR from 2014 to 2017 than every outfielder except Mike Trout, Mookie Betts, Kevin Kiermaier and Giancarlo Stanton. Despite his age, that enabled strong projections for his contract. For example, MLB Trade Rumors and FanGraphs predicted something in the four-year, $70 million range.That the Brewers were willing to beat those projections with their five-year, $80 million offer speaks to how optimistic they were about Cain."As we examined Lorenzo's career arc this offseason, we thought that he was still improving as a player," GM David Stearns told Ben Lindbergh of The Ringer. "It's odd to say that about someone on this side of 30, but we thought that was the case."The readings on Cain's athleticism must have helped Milwaukee reach that conclusion. His average sprint speed was holding steady. While metrics like defensive runs saved and ultimate zone rating cast some doubt on his defense, Statcast was over the moon with it. He had recorded 18 outs above average in 2017, more than even Betts could muster.As for Cain's bat Cameron Maybin Jersey , what it lacked in power, it made up for in gradual advancement. He had established himself as an above-average contact hitter, and his walk rate was on the way up.Even if the latter trend abated, the former promised to bring a welcome dynamic to a Brewers offense that undercut 224 home runs (tied for tops in the NL) with MLB's highest strikeout rate in 2017. Sure enough, Cain has kept hitting for contact and helped the Brewers lower their K% from 25.6 to 23.7.But the real revelation has been his increased patience. He's working on a career-best 11.9 BB%, and it's rooted in a dramatic plate-discipline improvement. According to the most advanced strike zone available at Baseball Savant, his out-of-zone swing rate has cratered:Some of this is circumstantial. After bouncing all around Kansas City's lineups, Cain now mostly bats out of the leadoff spot in Milwaukee. There's a greater emphasis on putting up quality at-bats.But it's no small feat that he's played his part as well as he has. Likewise, it's been no small boon to the Brewers.Their on-base percentage in the leadoff spot has increased from .320 to .357. Meanwhile, Cain's elite .471 OBP with runners in scoring position has helped them raise their collective OBP in those spots from .326 to .336. Thus, they're keeping the line moving a lot better than they did a year ago.The Brewers have also benefited from Cain's baserunning and defense. His aggression has helped raise their rate of extra bases taken on hits from 35 percent to 40 percent. They've also gone from the middle of the pack in defensive efficiency to fourth-best.Maybe Cain won't be named the NL MVP in November, but his 2018 season is about as complete a success story as he or the Brewers could have hoped for. He's a late bloomer who's still blooming, and they're all the better for it.In a bygone era, it might have been hard to notice as much. But in this era, there's no excuse not to. Stats courtesy of Baseball Reference, FanGraphs, Baseball Savant and Baseball Prospectus. Вернуться в «FITNESS / Форум фитнеса»	cc/2019-30/en_head_0049.json.gz/line13085
__label__wiki	0.703895	0.703895	Tag Archives: Gary Megson Who will be Preston North End’s new manager? Posted on February 14, 2013 by patto1992 Preston North End are looking for a new manager after Graham Westley was sacked and are hoping that a new manager can improve results. The club are currently 17th in League 1 only five points above the relegation zone but more worrying for the board and everyone involved with Preston is the fact they have only won one league game since November. The club were hoping for more stability, but this hasn’t happened and it is now the fourth season in a row that they are searching for a new manager. Westley was given a lot by the board because in the summer he was allowed to bring in a completely new squad so he cannot use the excuse that they weren’t the players that he wanted at the club. I expected a lot more from both Preston and Westley this season and am surprised that they are towards the bottom of the league. Westley was in charge for 62 games but could only manage 16 wins leaving him with a win percentage of 25.81% and after his time at Stevenage he probably thought he could get this team back in the Championship. So who will take the job and guide them to at least safety this season? The favourite for the job is currently Simon Grayson, who has been very successful in League 1 in the past, guiding Blackpool, Leeds United and Huddersfield Town to promotion from the division. He would be a great appointment and even though Huddersfield were on a bad run, I believe he would have kept them in the Championship this season. Unfortunately though for Grayson it does look like he has to drop down into League 1 to get another job as I can’t see many Championship teams giving him a chance yet. A surprising manager that is linked with the job and is one of the early favourites is Gareth Ainsworth. He is currently player manager at Wycombe Wanderers and even though he does have a decent record of only losing 10 of his 27 games in charge, surely that is not yet good enough to make the jump to a higher division with a team that wants to get promoted. I do like Ainsworth and would want to see him get a chance but I just don’t think he would be the right appointment at the moment. However, he is a former player and had one of his best seasons as a player at the club, getting 11 goals in 38 league games during the 1993-94 season. Finally, Owen Coyle has been linked with the job and this would be an interesting one because he failed to get Bolton Wanderers back to the Premier League and will have to rebuild his reputation slightly and Preston could be the perfect club for him. It is just a question of whether a manager with Premier League experience with two clubs wants to drop down to League 1. Others linked with the job are Steven Pressley, Paul Dickov and Gary Megson Posted in Football, Soccer, Sport, Sports, Uncategorized \| Tagged Blackpool, bolton wanderers, Championship, five points, Gareth Ainsworth, Gary Megson, Graham Westley, grayson, Huddersfield Town, League 1, league game, Leeds United, Owen Coyle, Paul Dickov, player manager, Preston North End, relegation zone, Simon Grayson, Steven Pressley, Stevenage, westley, wycombe wanderers \| Leave a reply Who will be Notts County’s next manager? Posted on February 8, 2013 by patto1992 Notts County are looking for a new manager as Keith Curle has been sacked after less than a year in charge. A defeat to Hartlepool United was the end for Curle and he will be pretty disappointed with this as he had been doing a decent job with the team and they were only five points off a playoff place. Last season they only missed out on the playoffs because of goal difference and the board obviously didn’t want a repeat of that this season. I thought the club would be after a bit of consistency after having six manager since October 2009. Chris Kiwomya is currently the favourite for the job as he is the caretaker manager, however a 2-0 away loss to Stevenage wouldn’t have helped his cause and he probably needs a victory against Crewe to make sure that his name is still in the hat after the weekend. County are 10th in League 1 and if they can put a good run between now and the end of the season then they could find themselves in the playoffs but it certainly won’t be easy. The board will be hoping that the new manager can improve their home form and continue the fantastic away form that they had under Curle. If the board don’t want to go with Kiwomya then Gary McAllister has been linked with the role recently. McAllister has had two spells as a manager so far at Coventry City and Leeds United. At Leeds he had a pretty good record where he won exactly half of his games. However, he was unable to get the team promoted and was sacked after a string of bad results. Also the fact he has been out of management since 2008 may work against him. He may be a good appointment and could inspire the players A more experienced option could be Gary Megson as he has managed over 600 times in his career so far and has been quite successful. Some people will argue he was harshly sacked by Sheffield Wednesday with the club in the playoffs and if he could replicate his form there then he could get Notts County in contention for promotion. Some County fans wouldn’t be happy with this appointment because his football is not always the most attractive and it has been criticised in the past. I think he could do a good job but it just matters how much emphasis the board are putting on good football. A little surprising name linked with the job is Ian Baraclough and although he is a former player, I didn’t expect to see him as one of the favourites, however he is doing a solid job at Sligo Rovers and won their first league title for 35 years. He played over 100 times in both of his spells at the club as a player so he obviously knows the club and will not take a lot of time to settle. His previous spell as manager in England did not go so well, only winning eight of his 34 games in charge of Scunthorpe United. Others linked with the job are Nigel Worthington, Simon Grayson and Alan Knill. Posted in Football, Soccer, Sport, Sports, Uncategorized \| Tagged Alan Knill, caretaker manager, Chris Kiwomya, Coventry City, Crewe, curle, decent job, England, Gary McAllister, Gary Megson, Hartlepool United, Ian Baraclough, Keith Curle, League 1, Leeds United, Nigel Worthington, Notts County, Playoffs, Scunthorpe United, Sheffield Wednesday, Simon Grayson, Sligo Rovers, soccer, Stevenage \| Leave a reply Who will be Ipswich Town’s next manager? Posted on October 25, 2012 by patto1992 Ipswich Town find themselves bottom of the Championship and are now looking for a new manager after Paul Jewell’s departure. Already, there has been a lot of talk of who will replace Jewell, with George Burley being the latest to say that he will apply to become the next manager of the club. It would be Burley’s second spell in charge and under him the club had some of their best seasons which included a season in Europe. Also, striker Michael Chopra has said that he would like Alan Shearer as the next manager, which would be quite interesting because it would only be his second job in management and maybe more experience is needed at such a crucial time for the club. They have been on such a bad run lately and some people are putting it down to the fact that they have so many loan players in their squad at the minute and they can’t find the right formula for success. Jewell, had a 34.12% win record at the club but even he is telling other managers to apply for the job, so he obviously feels that there is a lot of potential and he wants success for all the loyal fans. A lot of names have been put forward, but the current favourite is, Alan Curbishley, who has been out of the game since 2008, and this may actually be a good fit for both manager and club because he has a good record, not only in the Championship but also in the Premier League. The only negative with appointing Curbishley is the fact he has been out of the game for quite a while and the new manager needs to hit the ground running, whereas the former Charlton Athletic manager may take a while to get back into the groove. Obviously, Mick McCarthy is linked with the job like every other going, but I do believe Ipswich have a genuine chance of getting him because they are a big club and just need someone to steer them back in the right direction, which the former Wolves man has done many times before. McCarthy, has a win percentage of 39.29% which is similar to Jewell but the difference between the two is that McCarthy has done it consistently at a higher level. This man needs to choose his next job carefully and if he can keep Ipswich up this year and then have a promotion challenge next season, his CV will look even more impressive. Finally, quite a strange one to me is, Gary Megson. In his last job, some people believe he was harshly sacked by Sheffield Wednesday and should still be in charge there but these things happen in football and it wouldn’t be the first time someone got sacked in League 1 and got a job in a higher division, just look at what Alan Pardew is doing at Newcastle United. Megson, has gained promotion from the Championship before and he kept Bolton Wanderers in the Premier League so he wouldn’t be a terrible choice, but I just feel the fans may not be too excited by this appointment. Others linked with the job are, Owen Coyle, Andy Thorn, Paulo Sousa and Paul Tisdale. So who would do the best job for Ipswich Town? Posted in Football, Soccer, Sport, Sports, Uncategorized \| Tagged Alan Curbishley, Alan Pardew, Alan Shearer, Andy Thorn, Championship, Charlton Athletic, Europe, formula for success, Gary Megson, genuine chance, George Burley, Ipswich Town, League 1, loan players, loyal fans, Michael Chopra, Mick McCarthy, Newcastle United, Owen Coyle, Paul Jewell, Paul Tisdale, Paulo Sousa, Premier League, second job, Sheffield Wednesday, Wolves \| Leave a reply Who will be Wycombe Wanderers next manager? Posted on September 23, 2012 by patto1992 After losing three games in a row Wycombe Wanderers and only four points from seven games the club have sacked manager Gary Waddock. Waddock, had been in charge since 2009 and won promotion to League 1in the 2010-11 season, however they only lasted one season at the higher level and were relegated. They were expected to challenge at least for the playoffs this season even though they lost a few key players and Waddock will be disappointed he wasn’t given more time to turn it round. But, the board have decided that a change is needed and there is still an air of negativity around the ground and will hope that a new man will get them back where they believe they belong. This job will surely interest quite a few out of work managers and this is the route that the club will most likely take because they will not want to pay compensation to another team for a manager. So, let’s look at the options, the favourite for the job is currently Brian Laws, and this may come as a surprise to some people because he has managed in the Premier League recently with Burnley and it will be quite a big drop to League 2. However, he hasn’t had a managerial job since his sacking at the Championship club in 2010 so he does need to find a way back into English football. Another reason why he may be a good choice is because he has won promotion from this division twice before, both times with Scunthorpe United, so he knows exactly what it takes and which players he will need to achieve promotion again. Another manager linked with the job is former Sheffield Wednesday manager, Gary Megson. Many people believe he was harshly sacked as their manager as the team were performing pretty well and were comfortably in the playoff places, although in the end it did turn out to be a good decision as the team got promoted, he still deserves a lot of credit as he signed a lot of the players. His style of football is usually criticised too as it is very long ball and feeding off the scraps which could be a good thing in League 2 and may work to the teams advantage, however, if Wycombe don’t have the players then the fans will have to accept a transitional period while they get in the right players to play his tactics. Finally, Paul Ince could be in the running for the job, and it just shows that Wycombe can attract good managers because all three of these have managed in the Premier League at one point. Ince didn’t have the best of times at Blackburn Rovers but he has proved in the lower leagues he can be a success with both Macclesfield Town and MK Dons. His win record of 43.37% is not bad either and if he can replicate this at Wycombe then he would surely get them challenging for the playoffs at least. Posted in Football, Soccer, Sport, Sports, Uncategorized \| Tagged Blackburn Rovers, Brian Laws, Burnley, Championship, Gary Megson, Gary Waddock, League 1, League 2, Macclesfield Town, MK Dons, Paul Ince, Scunthorpe United, Sheffield Wednesday, wycombe wanderers \| Leave a reply Sheffield Wednesday are promoted to the Championship Posted on May 7, 2012 by patto1992 Sheffield Wednesday have gained promotion to the Championship after defeating Wycombe Wanderers on the last day of the season. So where to start, everyone at the club deserves praise from chairman Milan Mandaric all the way down to the fans who were terrific again on Saturday and just proved that their club deserve to be in a much higher division than League 1 and even put most Premier League teams to shame. But I am going to start with former manager Gary Megson and first give him praise because in my opinion he deserves a lot of credit for what he has done at Sheffield Wednesday, when he joined the club the players did not understand what playing for Sheffield Wednesday meant and that is the reason why they finished in the bottom half of the league. So in the summer he got rid of a lot of deadwood and players that couldn’t handle playing for such a massive club and brought in players that were wanting to fight for the shirt and give the supporters a Sheffield Wednesday team that they would be proud of and in my opinion made the signing of the season in Jose Semedo. At the start of the season the fans probably would have been happy with the playoffs but there was a chance that the team could finish in the automatic spots so Mandaric had a tough choice to make as it didn’t look like Megson could deliver it. But fair play to Mandaric, he allowed Megson to take charge of the Derby which was a risk but Wednesday came out on top and everyone got to see how much it meant to Megson when being ridiculed by the United fans he lifted up his shirt and showed them his badge. It was a wonderful moment you just don’t see anymore and it was his passion that got Wednesday that far and it will have hurt him that he was sacked but fast forward a few months and he can have no complaints. Megson is and always will be a proud Wednesdayite Dave Jones came in and used everything that Megson had given the team and adding to it by changing the style of play but he always knew that if times were tough in a game he could switch to more of a direct approach as his players could do that. He brought in Nile Ranger and Keith Treacy to help in the promotion push and they all played their part in getting the team promoted with Ranger and another loan signing Michail Antonio scoring the goals on the final day. What more can you say about Dave Jones he only dropped four points and won manager of the month twice, has there been a better start as a manager? Onto the players and they deserve credit too because they could have let their heads drop and just been happy with a playoff place especially when United had games in hand and were on a good run but they stuck at and kept going. It was a fantastic effort in the end and they were playing with confidence and gave the fans everything they wanted and more. I am very happy for Wednesday and their fans because they continually support their team even though there has been very little to shout about in a long time. To make it even sweeter for them they stopped Sheffield United getting promoted so could the season have gone any better? Even Sheffield United’s opponents enjoyed Wednesday’s promotion Posted in Football, Soccer, Sport, Sports, Uncategorized \| Tagged Championship, Dave Jones, Exeter City, Gary Megson, Keith Treacy, League 1, massive club, Michail Antonio, Milan Mandaric, Nile Ranger, Premier League, premier league teams, Sheffield United, Sheffield Wednesday, wycombe wanderers \| 2 Replies How has Dave Jones changed Sheffield Wednesday’s style of play? Sheffield Wednesday beat Preston 2-0 which sounds quite comfortable but they were made to work for their three points and Dave Jones will be very happy with his team. Jones likes his players to keep the ball on the floor So, what has Dave Jones done to make Sheffield Wednesday into a free scoring side as they have scored in every game he has been in charge and have looked a lot more threatening in recent weeks. First of all though, I would give some credit to Megson for this as he brought in the players who are able to play a long ball game and if things aren’t going well you need other options, especially when the passing game isn’t working and you can’t break down a defence. A lot of teams come to Hillsborough and just sit back and try and get a draw, like what Preston did, and they will succeed if their team is organised and committed for a full 90 minutes against a passing side unless there is a moment of brilliance from someone and sometimes the long ball can cause confusion and is good to have both options. Onto Dave Jones, what has he actually done for Wednesday or is it simply just the honeymoon period a lot of managers get when they take over? Well to me what he has done is brought in his own style and made the players play his way from the off. He plays with two out and out wingers which straightaway forces back the opposition and makes their fullbacks reluctant to push forward as much. When you have Michail Antonio on one side and Jermaine Johnson on the other you know that if these players have the ball they will take on the opposition and create chances especially on a counter attack. Jones has also brought in Nile Ranger who is a very good player but maybe has an attitude problem at times. Ranger, is direct and has pace to burn which just adds to teams ability to counter attack. Something that may have been missing under Megson, as his tactics were to keep the pressure on hopefully the opposition will crumble. I cannot imagine Jones playing David Prutton out of position on the wing as Megson did because it wouldn’t work with his style of football. Gary Madine scored both the goals and looked very impressive throughout linking up the play well. He probably enjoys the way the team are playing now because he doesn’t have to challenge as much in the air anymore and can receive the ball into feet and have a lot of runners going either side of him. But yet again, Megson’s style of football probably taught him a few things and his second goal showed that with it coming from a long throw and him making a good run and attacking the ball powerfully. Rob Jones picked up a yellow card which means he is now suspended which could be a blessing in disguise in my opinion as he does look to send it long too often whereas his partner against Preston, Miguel LLera, looked to play it out from the back and it was clear to see which way was more effective. With Danny Baath also having a great season and more of ball player than Jones, he may find himself frozen out of a Dave Jones side. Posted in Football, Soccer, Sport, Sports, Uncategorized \| Tagged attitude problem, Danny Baath, Dave Jones, David Prutton, Gary Madine, Gary Megson, Hillsborough, honeymoon period, Jermaine Johnson, Michail Antonio, Miguel Llera, Nile Ranger, passing game, Preston North End, Rob Jones, Sheffield Wednesday, sports \| Leave a reply Sheffield Wednesday’s new manager Dave Jones Dave Jones has been given the Sheffield Wednesday job after the club decided to sack their manager Gary Megson. It was an interesting decision it itself to sack Megson who had just led his team to victory against Sheffield United, however club chairman Milan Mandaric had already decided to sack the manager after his team got beat away to Chesterfield. He said he did not want to ruin the Sheffield United game for the supporters and this is why he kept Megson in charge for it. So, at least he allowed Megson, the Wednesday fan himself, enjoy a victory over their biggest rivals which must be a moment he will never forget especially as more than 36,000 were at the game. But, football moves on quickly so let’s have a look at Dave Jones, he has always been a respected manager and has always got his teams to play good football. He was most recently at Cardiff City where he was sacked because he failed to get them promoted. This might seem a bit harsh as they finished in the playoffs the year he got sacked but they failed to get promoted and it probably hurt that little bit more that Swansea did. He was very well received by the Cardiff fans and he had a good win percentage of nearly 42% at the club and did get them to an FA Cup final which is a very good achievement for a Championship side. He did achieve promotion to the Premier League with Wolves and the Wednesday fans will be happy with this as they beat Sheffield United 3-0 in the playoff final. Jones, was however also sacked from this job after having an appalling season in the Premier League followed by just four wins from 15 games on their return to the Championship. He knows what it is liked to get sacked and with Mandaric in charge, who likes to sack managers, this will probably only end in one way. The Owls will only hope that this happens when the club are at least in the Championship and he has taken them as far as they can go. The new man at Hillsborough needs to hit the ground running and get some victories under his belt as the fans may not take to him as quickly as they had done to Megson. Yes, Megson did play a long ball game but this was expected as all his teams have played that way and now it might be difficult for the players to get out of this mindset. But, Jones encourages passing football and it won’t happen overnight but when it does click all of his teams have played fluent attacking football and have been one of the most entertaining teams in the league. However, looking over his track record it hasn’t always brought success and this may be a bit worrying. Wednesday should finish in the playoffs but when a new manager comes in, the players step it up to impress and if they string a very good set of results together they could still end up in the top two. Posted in Football, Soccer, Sport, Sports, Uncategorized \| Tagged Cardiff City, cardiff fans, Championship, Chesterfield, club chairman, Dave Jones, FA Cup, fa cup final, football moves, Gary Megson, Hillsborough, League 1, Milan Mandaric, Premier League, Sheffield United, Sheffield Wednesday, soccer, sports, Swansea City, Wolverhampton Wanderers \| 2 Replies Sheffield Wednesday sack Gary Megson The Sheffield Wednesday fans must be distraught after hearing the news that manager Gary Megson has been sacked, especially when they beat city rivals Sheffield United in their previous game. He was a fans favourite because of his history with the club and you could see his passion and determination to succeed with Wednesday, he even admitted himself that he is a better manager than League 1 and this was the only job he would drop down to do. His style of football wasn’t the most expansive but the fans didn’t care and the long ball game was sending the club in the right direction. Yes, chairman Milan Mandaric probably did want automatic promotion this season but you have to take other things into consideration, when he took over he inherited a team with a lot of players that did not really care for the club and only wanted to pick up their pay cheque. But he has instilled a sense of belief and willingness to perform in front of thousands of Wednesday fans every week. The goal celebration from Chris O’Grady against the Blades shows that the players were right behind him and wanted him to continue. Player power is a big thing in football now and over the years that has been a lot of discontent but this team all seemed to be pulling in the same direction and Megson was spearheading this and the squad was following his lead. This filtered down to the fans who affectionately called him the Ginger Mourinho and everything seemed right at Hillsborough but this sacking may have a detrimental effect on their season if they choose the wrong man to replace him. Milan Mandaric will not be the most liked person in Sheffield today and there will be people that call for him to sell up and leave but he did save the club and if he thinks that the club aren’t performing how they should be, then he has the right to sack the manager. One thing you do need as a chairman is the fans on your side and communication with the supporters has improved dramatically since he took charge. However, this is not saying a lot as it has been very poor for a number of years now. His decision to put a Wednesdayite in charge was seen as a master stoke as he kept on pleasing the fans but it is a disgrace that Megson wasn’t even allowed a full season in charge, the team are in the playoffs and could possibly finish in the automatic places. I hope he know what he is doing or it could be another year in League 1 and yet more money out of his own pocket. Megson deserves a lot of praise as he always conducted himself properly no matter if the team won, lost or drew and it is a great credit to him for that. But looking at the other side he did so much for Wednesday, he reduced a massive wage bill and got rid of a lot of deadwood and brought in a squad that was capable of promotion which it clearly wasn’t when he arrived. Finances are crucial in football and I thought of all people Mandaric would have understood this but obviously third isn’t good enough for him. I hope Megson gets back into football and does a good job somewhere else because he is a very capable manager. In my opinion, you do not sack a manger that has his team in the playoffs no matter what but if Wednesday end up getting promoted then the new manager will be praised and will be a fans favourite himself which just shows how quickly football progresses. Posted in Football, Soccer, Sport, Sports, Uncategorized \| Tagged automatic promotion, ball game, Chris O'Grady, city rivals, detrimental effect, Gary Megson, League 1, Milan Mandaric, sheffield today, Sheffield United, Sheffield Wednesday, wrong man \| Leave a reply Sheffield Wednesday team against Sheffield United- My opinion The big game is finally here and Gary Megson has some very big decisions to make, how much does he want to win the game or is it more about not losing for the Owls. A loss would surely end any chance of finishing in the automatic places and Wednesday would then have to face the dreaded playoffs which are always difficult to predict. Therefore this is the last chance the club have to really put pressure on the Blades and I am going to choose a team which I think would be capable of winning the game Goalkeeper- Nicky Weaver- Tough choice between him and Bywater but out of the two I just think Weaver has more big game experience and will want to win as he is a fan just like the majority will be at Hillsborough. He is the better shot stopper but maybe his communication isn’t the best. He gets the shirt for me as he is very consistent. Right Back- Lewis Buxton- Possibly the only position on the pitch that not one person would argue with. The best fullback in the league, very solid in defence and provides a good attacking threat when he overlaps. Left Back- Reda Johnson- Most improved player in the squad by a mile and although not originally a left back, he is the best at the club. His tough tackling has made him a fans favourite this season but can be a bit rash at times so I do expect him to get booked. Centre Back- Danny Batth- The young loanee from Wolves has performed to a very high standard and is looking better and better every time he plays with him gaining more experience. Needs to stand up and be counted though as he could be in for a tricky afternoon against the Blades strike force. Centre Back- Miguel LLera- This was a difficult one as Rob Jones is club captain but I just think at home against anyone in this division when teams will sit back you need one of your centre backs to be comfortable on the ball. This is exactly what he gives you and is no worse than Jones at defending anyway. Left Midfielder- Mike Jones- This was a tricky one but I believe Megson should attack and play with two out and out wingers, pin back the opposition and go for the victory. Try and get in as many crosses as possible and who knows maybe this game will kick start his career at the club. Centre Midfield- Jose Semedo- Another one that is not really up for debate, a candidate for signing of the season in League 1 never mind player of the year just at Wednesday. Could be crucial against the Blades midfield as whoever wins this battle will probably win the game. Centre Midfield- Chris Lines- I would go for Lines because he can provide attacking quality from the centre but can be slightly inconsistent and sometimes games pass him by. In a derby there can be no passengers so it could be a risk but when you are at home you need to go for it. Megson may go for Prutton if he hasn’t been shifted to right of midfield just add extra steel in there but I think that is too negative so Lines gets the nod. Right Midfield- Michail Antonio- Quick winger who will be looking to impress from the off. He will look to put in a lot of crosses and take on his defender so hopefully he will get involved and gets the crowd going every time he touches the ball. This could one of the most memorable debuts if he puts in a good performance and the team get the right result. Striker- Gary Madine- Yes he is out of form but he is the top scorer and looked good before his injury. Maybe this is the sort of game that will get the fans back on his side and get back to scoring goals at a consistent rate. Sometimes he doesn’t look that bothered but surely when he sees the crowd before kickoff he will realise how big it is and put his all in. Striker- Ryan Lowe- Another questionable decision but there is no doubt that when he is confident he will score goals at this level. I believe he just needs better balls from out wide instead of long balls from the back and he will produce the goods. He is an intelligent player and Madine will combine better with him as Chris O’Grady is too similar and that partnership hasn’t worked that well. That is the team I would choose and there may be a lack of communication at the back with no real talkers in there which could prove costly but just because you can communicate well does not mean you will help anyone. Darren Purse was a perfect example of this, good leader, poor defender. The lineup is attacking and it should be the crowd will get right behind the team and the players will respond positively and it will hopefully spur them onto victory. Posted in Football, Soccer, Sport, Sports, Uncategorized \| Tagged big game, Chris Lines, club captain, Danny Batth, fullback, game experience, Gary Madine, Gary Megson, Jose Semedo, League 1, Michail Antonio, Miguel Llera, Mike Jones, Nicky Weaver, Reda Johnson, Ryan Lowe, Sheffield United, Sheffield Wednesday, shoul, winning the game \| Leave a reply Sheffield Wednesday sign Reading winger Michail Antonio Sheffield Wednesday have signed 21 year old winger Michail Antonio to help get their promotion charge back on track after a miserable couple of weeks. The winger has signed on loan from Reading until the end of the season after it was revealed that Jermaine Johnson is currently struggling with an injury which could keep him out of action and with the Sheffield Derby just round the corner, the Owls fans know they need some creativity in the midfield if they are to beat the Blades at Hillsborough and this is exactly what Antonio will give them. Megson would have loved to have been able to play both the wingers as they would have scared the life out of any defence in the division with their direct running and pace. The young winger has played in League 1 before with both Southampton and Colchester and performed quite well, impressing in many games and looking like he could make the difference in crucial games. The fans of every club have taken to him very well even though he has only had short spells there with managers wanting to take him off Reading permanently. But the Royals have rejected any enquiries as they see him as a player with massive potential and one for the future at their club. He is at Wednesday now and they will be hopeful that between now and the end of the season he can replicate what Ben Marshall did in the first half of the season. He does have the potential and will not be worried about playing in front of large crowds as he has already experienced these in his short career so far. This season he has played 16 games in League 1 and scored four goals which isn’t a bad record for a winger and shows that he can put away chances when he gets the opportunity and is not only in the team to provide assists. The player and club will be hoping that the team can get themselves into the automatic promotion places by the end of the season but if they don’t and have to go through the playoffs then it could be another chance for Antonio to score on a big stage because he has already scored one goal at Wembley when playing for Southampton in the JP Trophy final in a comfortable 4-1 victory. The Owls fans needed a lift more than anyone before the Steel City Derby and hopefully this transfer will excite them and make them more confident of victory. The last few weeks have been close to disastrous but maybe this can be the catalyst to a brilliant end to the season and dispel any rumours that Milan Mandaric is losing patience with Gary Megson. It is getting closer and closer to the big kick off and now United have another player to worry about which they didn’t expect and may have to change their game plan so Antonio doesn’t have a debut that the Wednesday faithful will be talking about for years to come. Posted in Football, Soccer, Sport, Sports, Uncategorized \| Tagged automatic promotion, Ben Marshall, Colchester United, crucial games, Gary Megson, Hillsborough, Jermaine Johnson, JP Trophy, League 1, Michail Antonio, midfield, Milan Mandaric, Reading, Sheffield United, Sheffield Wednesday, Southampton, winger, wingers \| Leave a reply	cc/2019-30/en_head_0049.json.gz/line13088
__label__wiki	0.706869	0.706869	Tag Archives: Steve Jobs Jobs: An examination of an icon August 21, 2013 by masterbedgood in Computer Software, Film, Technology and tagged Apple, Apple Computer, Apple Inc., Apple Lisa, Ashton Kutcher, Computers, history of apple, history of apple computer, Jobs, Mac, Mac OS, Macintosh, Microsoft, Microsoft Windows, PC, Steve Jobs, steve jobs and steve wozniak, Steve Wozniak, technology, Windows, Xerox, Xerox Alto \| Leave a comment I’ve always been a bit of a geek. I grew up on computers and with the desire to know how to make them work for me. I went to school to get a better understanding of computers and networking, and I’m currently working with computers. My brand of computing, however, has always been under the Microsoft banner. I’m a PC and I will probably always be a PC. I’ve never really been fond of Macs, but that doesn’t mean I can deny how much of an impact Steve Jobs and the garage band he started had on the world. I went out to see the film Jobs and felt it appropriate to do more than just review the film, but discuss the impact that home computing and the people who ushered it in had on the world. When home computing was just a crazy idea, some young radical thinkers saw the future – a future where the world is connected and everybody has a personal computer. A future we call the present. Being that the movie is the foundation of this article, it’d make sense to discuss that before going into the nerdy history of modern computing. Jobs details the history of Apple Computer from its humble beginning out of a garage to its industry leading position as a home computing powerhouse. Centered on the players who birthed the industry on Apple’s side, namely Steve Jobs and Steve Wozniak, the film details, as best a two hour film can, how Apple came to be a computing powerhouse before nearly going under and its rise back up to the position it now holds. The film is done well enough. Characters are pretty fully fleshed out with Steve Wozniac being an easy favorite; a man who was in it just for the passion of doing the impossible and putting computers in the hands of everybody. Josh Gad does a great job in the role by really portraying the passion he has for technology and what his vision of the future is. There’s usually a shining moment whenever he’s on screen and it’s easy for the audience to get caught up in his excitement for ushering in a new era even though that time, in the real world, has already come and gone. The real triumph of Jobs, though, is Ashton Kutcher. I was skeptical when I heard Kelso from That ‘70s Show was going to be filling the role of one of the kings of the modern era, but that skepticism was entirely unfounded. Ashton Kutcher was an unexpected choice for the role, but he so manages to capture the spirit of Steve Jobs that it’s almost uncanny. The way he carries himself, his hand gestures, his facial twitches, and even his speech patterns are a near perfect emulation of the late Steve Jobs and it’s truly impressive. He puts an effort into the role that displays a passion I haven’t seen in a biopic – let alone any film – in quite some time. I was thoroughly impressed by the performance and Ashton Kutcher deserves every bit of praise for his presentation of Steve Jobs’ character. The soundtrack is another shining point of the film with period-appropriate rock pieces perfectly complimenting plot progression. Being a bit of a nerd, it was easy for me to get a little excited when a group of guys looking toward the future were putting together circuitry for the Apple I with some Joe Walsh playing in the background. I can’t think of a moment in the film when a music selection felt out of place. The film plays, expectedly, in chronological order and does a good enough job getting the main details out there. It skips or skims over some important things, but we’ll get to that in a bit. Some of the nitty gritty details aren’t the priority of the film, instead it tries to successfully tell the tale of the man who built Apple. Steve Jobs was a complex man – one who can be summed up with a wide variety of adjectives: a visionary, an innovator, a genius… an asshole – a highly flawed man who unquestionably used people to build an empire. The film doesn’t shy away from the fact that Steve Jobs wasn’t an easy person to get along with – which was, honestly, a shock to me given the marketing surrounding the film. It’s an enjoyable biopic and one that is definitely worth watching, especially for those of us who appreciate technology or have a fascination with its history. Like the man it’s about, it is flawed, but it’s well constructed and moving. Even though I’m not a Mac head, I appreciate what Jobs and Wozniak did for the modern world and it was fun seeing a dramatization of the events surrounding home computing’s early days. It was, however, some of those minor details that kept me from loving this film entirely. I’m well aware of the fact that Steve Jobs has gone on record to say that Bill Gates was not innovative lacked creativity, something that actually comes up in the film in the one scene that introduces Windows 1.0. What the film manages to omit, however, is the Xerox Alto. Not to take away from the accomplishments of Steve Jobs, but the operating system that redefined the world of home computing – the operating system that helped found an empire – was built from someone else’s genius. At this point in time, it’s pretty much ancient history, but just a decade or so ago there was still chatter going on about how Microsoft stole Windows from Apple. The Graphical User Interface (GUI) was Apple’s invention and Microsoft was the big bad who stole it – obviously since they have the largest market share of PC operating systems, they have to be evil. Well, what about the Alto? Apple’s first PC to be released with a GUI was the Lisa back in 1983 – the Macintosh followed a year later. Over a decade before the release of the Macintosh to the public, Xerox introduced the Xerox Alto – a computer system with a GUI. While not a consumer system, the Alto undoubtedly laid the foundation for modern computing with its innovative interface – and Steve Jobs saw potential in the GUI when he was introduced to it by Xerox in 1979. Xerox obviously didn’t realize the potential of what they had as they basically gave the head of Apple the keys to the future showing him all the ins and outs of the system. The foundation for Macintosh and its beloved OS was laid on the innovative, forward thinking ideas of the team behind the Alto. It’s just, to me, ironic that Steve Jobs famously called out Bill Gates for his lack of originality when his groundbreaking system was undeniably built on a stolen idea. Again this isn’t trying to detract from the man’s accomplishments. The film just glosses over some important events and it’s easily misleading. The one scene with Windows in it only works because the audience, especially those who are ignorant to the history of home computing, because the film presents the creation of Lisa OS as an entirely original idea birthed by Steve Jobs. It wants you to believe that the GUI was exclusively an Apple idea and that Bill Gates and Microsoft were thieves by building a visual shell for their already existing DOS. The scene where Steve Jobs damns Bill Gates over the phone works because the film decides to omit the part where Microsoft saved Apple from going under in ’97 by purchasing 150,000 non-voting shares. The film doesn’t attempt to villainize Bill Gates of Microsoft, but it tries to emphasize that they weren’t interested in innovation. The film also fails to give a satisfactory transition from Steve Jobs being booted from Apple to his return. It’s somewhat understandable as, especially to the non-geeky viewers, the film can feel long – and at two hours it actually kinda is. However, it would have been great to see more than just a snip in a montage about NeXT. It probably would have caused the film to drag if they threw in more footage than it already has, but maybe trimming some fat from the first two acts could have made room for NeXT. It feels like a missing opportunity to see where the foundation to the modern era of Macintosh was built. Flaws and all, Jobs was a well-made film with some great performances, a lot of energy, and an excellent soundtrack. Macs and PCs alike should give this film a shot. It’s not as groundbreaking as the man it’s about, but it was well worth the price of admission. Jobs: 3.5 out of 5	cc/2019-30/en_head_0049.json.gz/line13101
__label__cc	0.68757	0.31243	Barbour Scholarship Home » Funding » Barbour Scholarship The Barbour Scholarships were endowed at the University of Michigan in 1917 by Levi Lewis Barbour for women of the highest academic and professional caliber from the countries encompassing the large region extending from Turkey in the west to Japan and the Philippines in the east to study modern science, medicine, mathematics, and other academic disciplines and professions critical to the development of their native lands. Any graduate program in any school or college of the Ann Arbor campus, whether or not such programs are in Rackham, may nominate one student each year. Nominees must be citizens of countries encompassing the large region extending from Turkey in the west to Japan and the Philippines in the east. In addition, nominees: must not be permanent residents or citizens of the United States and not married to permanent residents or citizens of the United States; must intend to devote themselves to a professional career in their native countries after graduation; must be enrolled full-time in a master’s or doctoral program at the University of Michigan; must have completed two full semesters of graduate work at the University of Michigan before beginning tenure as a Barbour Scholar; and must be in residence on campus as a full-time student during the tenure of the award. Fellows are chosen on the basis of potential for contribution to their home country as well as academic record, statement of purpose, letters of recommendation and timely progress to the degree. Preference will be given to doctoral nominees who have achieved candidacy. Award Description 5-8 awards, depending upon the availability of funds, are available. Awards cover full tuition and required fees, stipend of $21,084 (currently) for one academic year (fall and winter terms), GradCare health and dental (option 1) during the tenure of the fellowship. Students may receive only one award. Awards are non-renewable. Students must be nominated by their program. Any graduate program on the Ann Arbor campus may nominate one student each year. Please contact your program for their nomination procedures. To nominate a student, graduate programs must complete a nomination form and submit the following: Statement of Student Achievement and Potential (the statement from the graduate program chair should describe the procedure for selecting nominees; the statement should also explain how the nominated student’s academic progress meets the expectations for the program for timely completion of degree requirements. 1,500 words) Nominee’s personal statement describing her research, future goals, and contributions to her home country* (1,500 words) Current curriculum vitae (c.v.) Budget statement regarding the student’s current means of support (including source, amount and length of support, 1,500 words). Two letters of recommendation, including one from the applicant’s graduate chair or faculty advisor noting her achievement and promise. In addition to the standard information requested in the personal statement, nominees for this award should specifically address key issues in their field, the anticipated impact of their project on their field, how they propose to use their new skills in the service of their country, and their professional goals in terms of the type of work and organization they hope to be employed in 10 years after completing the degree. If the nominee has a promise of a job in her field upon her return home, she should include the name of that organization. Complete a Nomination Form	cc/2019-30/en_head_0049.json.gz/line13103
__label__cc	0.722388	0.277612	Reviews Home » Book Review: Resilience: The Science of Mastering Life's Greatest Challenges, 2nd Edition Book Review: Resilience: The Science of Mastering Life's Greatest Challenges, 2nd Edition Book author: Steven M. Southwick and Dennis S. Charney Reviewed by: Claire Nana It is not news that most of us won’t escape this life without facing some form of major life trauma. And how we get through these events lays the groundwork for who we are, how we face challenges, and how resilient we are in the face of them. In their new book, Resilience: The Science of Mastering Life’s Greatest Challenges, 2nd Edition, Steven M. Southwick and Dennis S. Charney draw upon inspiring stories and the latest science to provide a roadmap to overcome adversity, build resilience, and enhance physical and emotional well-being. “Traumatic events throw our lives in turmoil in unpredictable ways; no two people will respond to them in exactly the same manner,” write Southwick and Charney. People can also be resilient in one area of their lives while struggling to cope with adversity in another area of their lives. What often makes the difference — and what is typically measured through the Dispositional Resilience Scale — are three things: being fully engaged, having a sense of control over events, and being able to view adversity as a challenge. “To truly understand [resilience], researchers must approach it from multiple perspectives and examine it through a number of different scientific lenses,” the authors write. By interviewing POWS, Special Forces Instructors, and civilians from many areas of life, Southwick and Charney found ten resilience factors: realistic optimism, facing fear, moral compass, religion and spirituality, social support, resilient role models, physical fitness, brain fitness, cognitive and emotional flexibility, and meaning and purpose. However, resilience today is in short supply. Southwick and Charney write, “The lack of resilience is so striking that it has been framed as a national security weakness.” At the heart of resilience is our attitude toward stress, and most of us have been taught to believe that stress is bad and something we must reduce or avoid. Actually the opposite is true. The authors write, “When stress can be managed, it tends to be very good and even necessary for health and growth. Without it, the mind and body weaken.” When we learn to make use of stress — to inspire growth, strength, and the cultivation of wisdom — we also open the door for the neuroplastic development that effectively changes the structure and function of the brain. Southwick and Charney quote Deepak Chopra and Harvard University neuroscientist, Rudolph Tanzi, Ph.D., who said, “Neuroplasticity is better than mind over matter. It’s mind turning into matter as your thoughts create new neuronal growth.” And while optimism often provides the energy necessary for resilience, blind optimism leads us to overestimate our abilities, fall into the trap of illusory superiority, and as former POW Admiral James Stockdale says, becomes “the bane of existence to one under stress.” However, when optimism acknowledges the presence of negative emotions and doesn’t rely on their exclusion, it acts to broaden our attention and build resources to help us cope with stress. The authors write, “Those who frequently experience positive emotions generally have the ability to step back from the maelstrom and observe stressful situations from multiple perspectives.” Optimism also helps us to reframe a situation, utilize effective coping strategies, and find a sense of meaning and purpose in our experiences. How we view fear also plays a fundamental role in our ability to develop resilience. Here, the authors draw upon the wisdom of the special forces instructors to offer some helpful techniques: view fear as a guide, view fear as an opportunity, focus on the goal or mission, acquire information about what is needed, learn and practice the skills necessary to master the fear, face fear with friends or colleagues, face fear with spiritual support, and get someone or an organization to push you. Without fear, there can be no courage. Courage, the authors tells us, is the “measure of a man’s ability to handle fear” and “must be exercised in the presence of fear.” Courage is also witnessed in our moral behavior, our sense of virtue, compassion, altruism, and dignity in the face of suffering and has strong evolutionary roots. Southwick and Charney quote author Michael Shermer, who points out, “As a species of social primates, we have evolved a deep sense of right and wrong to reward reciprocity and cooperation and to attenuate selfishness and free riding.” The act of facing our fears and exposing ourselves to stress in a progressive way that pushes us out of our comfort zone without overwhelming us — much like building physical fitness — is how we build resilience. For this reason, endurance training can provide a helpful model for the stamina and perseverance needed to face, find meaning in, and eventually overcome and perhaps be made stronger by life’s biggest challenges. In a world rife with adversity, resiliency is indispensable, and we often don’t appreciate it until it is needed most. Reading Resilience will not only change the way you look at resilience, but give you the essential information and exercises needed to cultivate it. Resilience: The Science of Mastering Life’s Greatest Challenges, 2nd Edition Cambridge University Press, May 2018 Claire Nana Claire Nana is a regular contributor and book reviewer for Psych Central. Nana, C. (2018). Book Review: Resilience: The Science of Mastering Life's Greatest Challenges, 2nd Edition. Psych Central. Retrieved on July 19, 2019, from https://psychcentralreviews.com/2018/book-review-resilience-the-science-of-mastering-lifes-greatest-challenges-2nd-edition/ Last reviewed: By a member of our scientific advisory board on 13 Sep 2018	cc/2019-30/en_head_0049.json.gz/line13106
__label__wiki	0.562454	0.562454	Home Other Sports Have You Noticed These 5 New NFL Rules This Season? Have You Noticed These 5 New NFL Rules This Season? The PA Team December 19, 2018 The NFL has amended its regulations to protect the well-being of its players, but how have these changes affected the game? The road to this year’s Super Bowl LII on September 6, was a showdown between current champions, the Philadelphia Eagles, and the Atlanta Falcons at Lincoln Financial Field in Philadelphia. But with this season opener, came some important changes to the NFL’s on-field regulations. According to the NFL, the most recent changes to the rules of the game address the need to “protect players from unnecessary risks, while keeping the game fair, competitive and exciting.” The decision was made in May by the NFL Competition Committee, after receiving recommendations from coaches, general managers, owners, players, and medical personnel. These new regulations were implemented preseason. According to Fantasy Sports groups on playinglegal.com, these new rules have not sat well with all fans. Some are not so pleased with reducing the possibility of impact and aggression of a match. Below are the five new rules in NFL as of 2018. Use of the Helmet The new NFL helmet rule was passed after the NFL medical team presented the club owners with this proposal, in an effort to reduce player injuries from severe impacts with the helmet. It is to protect both the hitter and receiver. It can cost the committing team up to 15 yards for the foul and could cause the player to be sent off. It is a foul if a player lowers his head to start and make contact using his own helmet against an opposing player. Regardless of whether it is defensive or offensive, every player will be subject to this rule. Nor does it matter to which part of the opponent’s body the helmet contacts. The player who commits the foul could be ejected from the field if: – He positions his helmet before making a move to initiate the contact – The contact was avoidable – There was no block in the player’s path to his opponent The changes in the kickoff are so complicated that the NFL had to make a video to explain them. The idea is to reduce the impact between players and protect them from intense blocks. For the initial kick, the kicking team must have five players on each side of the ball and this formation should not be placed more than one yard behind the ball. In addition, at least two players must be lined up outside the yard-line number and two players between the inbounds lines and the yard-line number. The formation of the receiving team for the kickoff changes in several ways, some less significant than others. Leaving a space of 15 yards between the ball and the start of their training area, the receiving team must place at least eight players in a space of 15 yards. Only three players of the receiving team may be outside that area. It is prohibited for two or more players to line up shoulder to shoulder within two yards of each other and intentionally advance together to block the runner. No Wedge blocks are permitted. No player of any team may block in a space of 15 yards in front of the ball until it touches the floor. If the receiving team does not touch the ball and it touches the floor in the end zone, it is a dead ball. If your team has ever suffered from a simple catch, you will like this rule. The NFL simplifies the determination of a complete pass into three requirements. Players must have: 1. Control of the ball 2. Have both feet or any other part of the body on the ground 3. Make “a football movement”, which is, have the ability to make a step/move to gain yards. It will still be considered a full pass unless the ball touches the ground before regaining control or if it’s out of bounds. Additionally, the receiver is defenseless until he recovers the ability to evade or avoid an opponent’s contact. Betting and Illegal Kicking of the Ball Illegal contact with the ball will be considered when a player hits or kicks a loose ball towards his opponent’s goal line. It will also be illegal if a player hits a loose ball that has touched the ground in any direction, if they are in either of the two scoring zones. No player may deliberately kick a loose ball or one that’s in the possession of another player. National Anthem of the United States Colin Kaepernick practically lost his career in the NFL as an apparent consequence of his political activism. Since the 2016 preseason, many players have protested during the National Anthem of each game against police violence in the United States. This situation has resulted in constant attacks by President Donald Trump against the league, as well as claims by spectators against their teams and debates between the owners of the teams and their players. Last May, the NFL approved a rule that allows players not to be present on the field when the National Anthem of the United States is sung (so their protest will not be visible). The rule has not yet come into force and we still do not know what the NFL will do to please its players, patriotic audiences and the president of the United States. The PA Team About The PA Team This article was written by a member of The PA Team. If you would like to join the team, drop us an email at write@punditarena.com.	cc/2019-30/en_head_0049.json.gz/line13108
__label__cc	0.52095	0.47905	Efforts to Seek Reconciliation Repeated Efforts for the Council of Elders to Seek Reconciliation Dear Fellow Brethren, Some are saying that the Council of Elders has refused to discuss current issues and concerns, trying to create the impression that the Council is recalcitrant and unwilling to pursue reconciliation. The question is whether the Council has or has not been willing to meet to discuss the issues of the relocation to Texas, bloc voting, ethics, governing documents, alternate forums, etc. The facts are that the Council of Elders has met repeatedly, no fewer than six times over the last three years, to discuss these issues with involved parties. These meetings were not publicized, but held in private to allow participants to speak freely to allow for open and frank discussion and to hopefully reach agreement and reconciliation. Here is a list of these meetings: In November 2008 nine Council members, including the president at the time, met for a special two-day meeting to discuss in great detail problems in our relationships with one another. After the May 2009 General Conference of Elders and regular Council meetings, another special three-day meeting was held for the Council of Elders near Indianapolis specifically to address these issues. All major issues were discussed and explanations were accepted as satisfactory. Those present left the meetings feeling the Church could move forward together in a spirit of cooperation. But again, the issues were thoroughly discussed. At the August 2009 Council of Elders meetings, the Council spent many hours in executive session to again discuss in great detail conflict between the Council of Elders and members of the administration. Again we thought we had reached agreement on ways to better work together for the overall good of the Church. Due to growing disagreements between the Council of Elders and the administration, in October 2009 a special face-to-face meeting of all Council members and the president was convened at substantial additional expense to again address specific issues and accusations and to seek reconciliation. We agreed that division was not our desire and again we left the meetings hopeful. Subsequent events and actions prevented any agreement from holding. At the December 2009 Council of Elders meetings, the Council of Elders once again spent many hours in executive session to discuss the growing differences between the Council of Elders and the administration. At the February 2010 Council of Elders meetings, the Council once again spent many hours in executive session to discuss the deteriorating relationship between the Council of Elders and the administration. (Finally, in April 2010, the Council of Elders concluded that it was in the best interests of the Church to move forward with new leadership in the administration and reassigned the president and various members of his administration to the field ministry.) While the issues have not been resolved, the fact is that hundreds of hours and thousands of dollars have been spent in trying to address issues and to reconcile. These are still going on. In nearly every case, the issues raised by people have been addressed in official statements or papers issued by the Council, the chairman of the Council, and/or the president. Sadly, some appear to be unwilling to accept these statements and instead demand different answers or that the Council reopen and readdress issues that have already been balloted on and settled. In some cases elders or members have raised questions or made accusations against Council members and the Council has gone to considerable expense to meet in person with those individuals to answer their questions. In other cases the Council has offered to meet with individuals or groups, only to be met with demands that the Council considered unworkable, effectively preventing any meeting. Statements that issues have not been addressed or that the Council is unwilling to meet or address issues are simply not true. When shown to be wrong, the Council has apologized for missteps in a serious attempt to reconcile so we can get on with our mission of preaching the gospel and preparing a people. Regrettably, what is true is that there has been only temporary acceptance, if even that, of the answers given, typically followed by more letters and continued accusations against some on the Council and no apologies or admission of mistakes made by those claiming they seek reconciliation. The Council of Elders and administration feel that continued discussion of these issues in forums where most would not have adequate background and knowledge would be counterproductive—especially in light of actions by some former elders who are now seeking a following among members of UCGIA. Reconciliation is our goal. We remain open to sincere attempts for reconciliation. But reconciliation does not mean unilaterally giving in to demands that we capitulate on the founding principles and documents that the ministry of the United Church of God has overwhelmingly agreed to abide by. True reconciliation can only come when two are agreed to walk together and fulfill all steps in such a process. We are and remain dedicated to fulfilling a ministry of reconciliation among all who are sincere and willing. The Council of Elders—[Scott Ashley, Bob Berendt, Aaron Dean, William Eddington, Roy Holladay, Victor Kubik, Darris McNeely, Melvin Rhodes (chairman), Mario Seiglie and Robin Webber] and Dennis Luker—president December 9, 2010 Posted by United Church of God \| Council of Elders, President's Office \| reconciliation council of elders melvin rhodes dennis luker \| 36 Comments Latin American Ministry Reconciliation Efforts to Reconcile With the Latin American Ministry In its Dec. 9 letter to ministers and members about there being only one UCGIA–affiliated church organization in Latin America, the Council of Elders noted that it continues to seek resolution of the situation in Latin America regarding former ministers and members. Some have subsequently asked, “What has the Council done to date and what does it plan to do to achieve reconciliation?” These are fair questions. In a spirit of openness and transparency, allow us to summarize the facts to date. Hopefully these will prove useful to you in helping to pray and ask God to open the minds and hearts of those involved that we may all achieve resolution and unity in God’s time. As you will see, numerous direct attempts have been made by the Council to meet with ministers and brethren in the region over the past six months. Some efforts have achieved at least partial success. Other efforts have failed for the moment, although the Council made—and will continue to make—good-faith efforts to achieve success both in the short- and long-term. The good news is that more than a quarter of the members in Latin American countries have chosen to remain with the United Church of God, an International Association. As reported in United News and elsewhere, the Church was able to set up Feast sites and Sabbath services for these brethren over the past six months. Additional brethren in those areas are welcome to rejoin our fellowship. The home office in the United States continues to support and fund this fellowship. The challenge remains that some ministers and members have chosen to form organizations and fellowships apart from UCGIA. Some profess that somehow UCGIA and these new groups are one and the same, although even a casual view of the factual situation shows this not to be the case. So what has been done and what will be done? In this letter we will make plain and open certain facts that have previously not been disclosed. We previously did not disclose them because we hoped to nurture and achieve real reconciliation (1 Peter 4:8). By way of review and to put the situation into context, the Council of Elders first sent Mario Seiglie, a then-new member of the Council, to visit ministers and members in Latin America last June. Mr. Seiglie speaks Spanish fluently and has served some two decades in Christ’s ministry both in Chile and other areas of Latin America. He knows many of the Spanish-speaking ministers personally. These travels followed the situation where Leon Walker was removed as the regional director for the region. During the early part of the summer, acting as the direct representative of Dennis Luker (who was named regional director for the Latin American region in addition to his responsibilities as president of the Church), Mr. Seiglie attempted numerous times to contact certain ministers there. Despite the fact that these ministers continued to receive a salary and support at the time from the United Church of God, an International Association, none of them would meet with Mr. Seiglie. Sadly, these same pastors and elders also prevented Mr. Seiglie from meeting directly with members in Latin America. Since these ministers possess and control all of the contact information for members living in Latin America—a situation which regrettably still exists—neither Mr. Seiglie nor UCGIA officials have a clear means by which to communicate to everyone directly. We have, of course, translated and posted several pieces of communication in Spanish on the Church’s Inside United: Realtime blog (https://realtimeunited.wordpress.com) and elsewhere, but not all of the brethren in Latin America have access to the Internet. We must remind everyone that some have spread a considerable amount of disinformation about Mr. Seiglie both during this time and since, and this has distracted from the real issues. Unfortunately, Mr. Walker continues to deny the fact that he has been replaced as director for UCGIA affiliated entities in the Latin American region. This continuing act of denial has sadly created a considerable degree of confusion for those who have limited access to the real facts. As openly reported last August, the Council at that time invited Mr. Walker to meet and try and find a basis for reconciliation. Sadly, he continued during the meeting to deny any responsibility for earlier divisive actions. These actions led to his removal from the ministry of the United Church of God earlier in the year. To be open to all of you, we here disclose again that his continued stance remains that he must be reinstated as director over the Church’s Latin American region and his ministerial credentials restored before any reconciliation efforts can take place. Given this position, the August efforts proved unproductive. In a second attempt to meet with the five pastors in Latin America who had earlier refused to meet with Mr. Seiglie, one minister in Latin America was asked to be an independent emissary and extend an offer for each of the ministers in Latin America to meet one-on-one at the home office. Like earlier efforts, this attempt also proved unproductive. As time passed, another challenge in the region emerged. A number of elders and deacons from the United States who speak Spanish attended our new UCGIA Feast sites in Latin America. Sadly, these elders and deacons were directly told—in unsolicited comments—by many Latin American members that many—if not most—did not want their former ministers restored in pastoral positions over them. Time and time again these members in Latin America expressed emphatically that they did not wish to be in congregations pastored by ministers who remained in support of Mr. Walker. Despite all of these and other developments, the Council continued to seek reconciliation. In spite of this, leaders of the new groups in Latin America continued to assert that they were still a formal part of UCGIA, even though their actions had demonstrated otherwise. Accordingly, in a third formal attempt to contact and open discussion with these ministers, on Nov. 11, Mr. Luker sent the ministers in Latin America a letter and an e-mail. To clear up unnecessary confusion and set the record straight for all, the letter simply asked that these ministers let him know their intentions. Were they going to be a part of UCGIA and thus accept Mr. Luker as the director of Latin America, or were they going to continue to support Mr. Walker as their leader, who by this time had been removed for months as director over any UCGIA entities? In accordance with the Church’s governing documents and scriptural conditions, the letter pointed out that if they chose to continue supporting Mr. Walker and his emerging organization, their credentials might be removed. The Church cannot continue to uphold the ministerial credentials of any minister who is openly denying the organizational authority created by the Church’s governing documents. None of the ministers who received the letter and e-mail responded. To be as fair and open as possible and to follow established Church policy, the letter and e-mail from Mr. Luker was followed up with a direct phone call or e-mail to each elder. Each was asked whether they wanted to be directly affiliated with UCGIA, or whether they desired to continue supporting and following an individual whose ministerial status had been revoked. Apart from three who refused to respond at all to the follow-up phone calls and e-mails, all declared that they desired to be affiliated with the emerging organization rather than UCGIA. This has been a time-consuming process for the Council of Elders and for the administration over recent months. Yet we remain committed to seeking reconciliation as God guides us. As demonstrated in this letter, the Council and administration have reached out repeatedly. But in order to achieve reconciliation, we must first begin talking. As noted earlier, even talking with one another has been rebuffed. We also know that reconciliation is a two-way street. During the past six months the Council and the administration provided opportunities to those aligned with Leon Walker to make overtures to the Council and to the administration. Only one chose to do so. The Council, together with the administration, must conduct itself in accordance with the biblical principles laid out by God and as they are reflected in the Church’s governing documents. We cannot unethically overturn the Church’s governing documents and pretend they don’t exist in order to accommodate other organizations with different leaders under the same name. Reconciliation does not mean capitulation of the founding principles and documents that the overwhelming number of ministers of UCGIA agreed to in 1995. This is painful for us to revisit, yet we will press on. We hope the facts presented here will provide all of you with an opportunity to present focused and earnest prayers to God that we can make progress. We remain open to and hopeful for reconciliation according to God’s will and in God’s time. We solicit your prayers that we may all find resolution and that we may go forward together in unity to accomplish God’s purpose of preaching the gospel and preparing a people. Thank you for your continued support and for your continued earnest prayers! In Christ’s service, Dennis Luker (president). December 9, 2010 Posted by United Church of God \| Council of Elders, President's Office \| reconcile latin american ministry council of elders \| 7 Comments Only One UCGIA Organization in Latin America We Have Only One UCGIA-affiliated Church Organization in Latin America The Rules of Association of the United Church of God, an International Association, permit only one UCGIA-affiliated entity in each country or geographical area of the world. Therefore, we feel it necessary and proper to bring you up to date on events that have transpired regarding the United Church of God in Latin America. Despite what some are saying, the Council of Elders and home office administration have made repeated conscientious, good-faith efforts to reestablish a close relationship and to attempt to settle and resolve our differences with the Latin ministry. Regrettably, the vast majority of these ministers have decided to follow another leader, outside of the organization of the United Church of God. With this in mind, on Nov. 30 the Council of Elders discussed and subsequently reached a decision to pass a resolution on this matter. As you can appreciate, it is very important to distinguish between congregations and elders in Latin America that are recognized as being affiliated with UCGIA and those that are not. Here are the key points from the resolution: Leon Walker was replaced as the regional director of the Spanish-speaking areas of UCGIA by the president of UCGIA in June 2010. Dennis Luker is now regional director of the Spanish-speaking areas of UCGIA. On Aug. 11, 2010, Mr. Walker stated that he remained in the position of regional director of the Spanish-speaking areas even though he had been removed from that post by the Council the previous June. Leon Walker had his ministerial credentials revoked on July 1, 2010, and could not, as a consequence, hold such a ministerial position within UCGIA. The Rules of Association for UCGIA state that only one body in a given country or geographical area can represent UCGIA (Rule 3-110). The Rules of Association also state that a pastor (which includes a senior or regional pastor—the equivalent of a regional director) for a country or geographical area must be credentialed by, and in good standing in UCGIA (Rule 2-100 and UCGIA Pastor’s Policy Manual), and the Council is the authority that interprets which body or entity will be recognized as a part of UCGIA (Rule 4-130). Therefore, the members and elders in Latin America who follow Mr. Walker (a decredentialed elder) as their regional director, can in fact, no longer be officially affiliated with UCGIA. So, the Council of Elders has officially acknowledged that: Leon Walker, due to no longer being a minister in UCGIA, is ineligible to serve as a UCGIA elder, pastor or regional pastor or director. The Council confirms UCGIA president Dennis Luker as the regional director of the Spanish areas. The Council has determined that only groups or entities and their elders in the Latin American areas who recognize UCGIA’s governing structure with Mr. Luker as the regional director, or such other regional director as may be approved by the Council, are considered to be part of UCGIA. That elders in the Latin American areas who recognize Leon Walker as their regional director or pastor, cannot claim to be a part of UCGIA and are thus part of another religious entity operating outside of the officially recognized UCGIA entities in the Latin American region. Brethren, please understand that the United Church of God has viable congregations throughout Latin America, each duly being shepherded by a UCGIA minister. At present, almost 500 brethren have chosen to remain with us, and we are providing financial support for their needs, arranging their summer youth camps, establishing youth corps projects, running Feast sites, providing scholarships to needy students, renting church halls and ensuring Sabbath services and Bible studies are held each week. In addition, three Spanish-speaking elders and other Church leaders are traveling on a regular basis to assist the two resident Latin American pastors. We are seeing ongoing growth as more brethren decide to keep their UCGIA affiliation. We will continue to look after their needs. Thank you for your prayers and concern as we do all within our power to care for our Latin American brethren, and all of our brethren wherever they may reside. Melvin Rhodes—Chairman of the Council of Elders December 9, 2010 Posted by United Church of God \| Council of Elders, President's Office \| latin america church organization dennis luker melvin rhodes council of elders resolution \| 3 Comments A Faithful Servant To: All Members of the Living Church of God From: Council of Elders, United Church of God, an International Association God’s word tells us, “Precious in the sight of the LORD is the death of His saints” (Psalm 116:15). It is with great sadness tempered by these words of comfort that we hear of the death of a faithful servant of God, Dibar Apartian. Our thoughts and prayers go to his widow, Shirley, and son, Dan, and his family. Many of us worked with Dibar through the years and remember him fondly. He served the French-speaking members of the Church of God for more than fifty years. His desire to remain “on the line” in service is well known. He set a sterling example as a profitable servant in the fields of the Lord. Three years ago Dibar visited our offices. The display of mutual warmth between him and other staff members is remembered to this day. We will miss our good friend, but look forward to the resurrection of the just when he will hear Christ’s words, “well done you good and faithful servant.” December 9, 2010 Posted by United Church of God \| Council of Elders \| dibar apartian living church of god council of elders \| 9 Comments	cc/2019-30/en_head_0049.json.gz/line13109
__label__wiki	0.813816	0.813816	U.S. and Saudi Arabia: Troubles in a Toxic Relationship by Larry Everest and the RW writing group of the San Francisco Bay Area Revolutionary Worker #1174, November 10, 2002, posted at http://rwor.org This summer, the imperialist think tank Rand Corporation gave a secret briefing at the Pentagon on a certain Middle East country. The briefing labeled the country under discussion an "enemy" of the U.S., "active at every level of the terror chain." It recommended aggressive U.S. actions in response. This briefing might well have passed unnoticed, given the U.S. government's near-daily warnings of another new "terrorist threat." But instead it created big waves in the media, because the country being accused was not one of the usual "axis of evil" suspects of the Bush administration, like Iran or Iraq. What was astonishing and unheard of was that the briefing was talking about Saudi Arabia, which has long been one of U.S.'s most reliable and valued client states. In the wake of Sept. 11, and with war looming over the Persian Gulf, an unprecedented debate has broken out within the U.S. ruling class over its relationship with Saudi Arabia and Saudi Arabia's role in the global order. For over six decades, protecting the corrupt and oppressive Saudi state has been a pillar of U.S. strategy. Until September 2001, criticism of the Saudi royal family was practically nonexistent in the U.S. media, and Saudi loyalty to the U.S. was never questioned. Yet what was unspeakable a year ago is being shouted out today by some influential voices among the U.S. bourgeoisie. The trigger for the barrage of U.S. criticism was Sept. 11: 15 of the 19 reputed hijackers were Saudis, as is Osama bin Laden. But the U.S. complaints go beyond Saudi connections to Sept. 11. The kingdom has been accused of being "soft on terrorism"--or even funding "terror" and promoting anti-U.S. hatred via Saudi-supported Islamic schools across the region. The Wall Street Journal editorialized, "President Bush has said repeatedly that countries must decide whether they are for us or against us in the war on terrorism. So far, Saudi Arabia hasn't made up its mind." U.S. military commanders complain that war preparations are being hindered because Saudi Arabia has balked at supporting a war on Iraq and has imposed restrictions on U.S. forces operating there. Some of this criticism is clearly designed to strong-arm the Saudis into more fully supporting the U.S. moves against Iraq and the overall "war on terror." The Bush administration has distanced itself from the harshest criticisms of Saudi Arabia. And the Saudi regime recently stated it would support a U.S. war on Iraq if the necessary UN resolutions were cooked up. The Saudis also quietly told the Bush administration that they would ramp up oil production when the fighting starts--to keep supplies flowing and prices under control. Yet much more is going on here than simply lining up support for war. There are sharp contradictions roiling Saudi Arabia and the Middle East as a whole--and the U.S. imperialists have wildly ambitious plans for dealing with these contradictions. These plans start with war on Iraq, but they don't end there. The U.S. rulers are scheming to crush a whole range of anti-U.S. forces and redraw the region's political map--including possibly within Saudi Arabia itself. Huge Stakes To get a sense of the enormity of U.S. goals in the Middle East and the risks the U.S. rulers might be willing to take to achieve them, consider the huge stakes they have in Saudi Arabia. This has been a long and toxic relationship. The royal kingdom is economically, politically, and militarily dependent on the U.S. for its functioning and survival, and the U.S. in turn extracts enormous benefits from its dominance of Saudi Arabia. Oil is vital to the running of capitalist economies and modern armies and is a source of enormous profit and strategic power. Saudi Arabia sits on the world's largest pool of oil--some 260 billion barrels, or a fourth of the entire world total. Saudi Arabia pumps more oil than any other country, and it can quickly increase or decrease output to drive oil prices up or down. This gives the U.S. great leverage over the world oil market. Adding to its strategic significance is Saudi Arabia's location--at the center of the region's oil fields, along the petroleum transit routes of the Persian Gulf, and next door to Iraq (which has the world's second largest oil reserves). The U.S. basically ran the 1991 Gulf War from bases in Saudi Arabia. These bases are still occupied by 4000 to 5000 U.S. troops and are the launching pads for U.S. and British air patrols and strikes over the "no fly" zone in Iraq. Last year, the U.S. directed its air war in Afghanistan from the kingdom's Prince Sultan Airbase. Saudi Arabia has carried out many dirty deeds for U.S. interests around the world--from helping to fund Nicaragua's counter-revolutionary Contras in the 1980s to underwriting the 1991 Gulf War to the tune of $50-$60 billion. The Saudis have also wielded their financial and political influence to work against the emergence of a revolutionary movement in Palestine. The Imperialist Roots of the Saudi Crisis But in recent years, U.S. domination of the region--and especially its military presence--has increasingly enflamed anti-U.S. sentiments in Saudi Arabia and intensified deep stresses within Saudi society. These developments are limiting the Saudi rulers' maneuvering room and raising U.S. concerns about Saudi Arabia's stability and reliability. The growth of anti-Western Islamic trends is an important part of these developments. Islam plays a central role in Saudi society. The religion's two most sacred sites--Mecca and Medina--are located in Saudi Arabia. Since its formation in 1932, the Saudi regime has been based on an alliance between the royal al- Saud family and the clergy, which practices Wahhabism, a puritanical strain of Sunni Islam. Wahhabism is Saudi Arabia's official religion and the foundation of its social mores. The royal family's "legitimacy" rests largely on its claim to be the defender of the faith and guardian of Islam's most holy sites. Until recent years, the centrality of reactionary, conservative Islam and the kingdom's prominence in the Muslim world had been a source of stability for Saudi Arabia's rulers. This made Saudi Arabia very useful to the U.S. in contending with the former Soviet Union and in undermining and attacking secular revolutionary and nationalist forces in the Middle East. But in some important ways, things have turned into their opposite. Saudi Arabia's role in the 10- year war against Soviet troops in Afghanistan is a case in point. During the 1980s, Saudi Arabia organized and recruited many of the reactionary Islamic groups who fought in Afghanistan. The Saudis and the U.S. spent $500 million a year funding this war. The Soviets were driven from Afghanistan and handed a major defeat. However, the war also brought together, armed, trained, and strengthened anti-Western Islamist forces across the region. Among them was Osama bin Laden, who came from a wealthy Saudi family closely connected to the Saudi royal family. The defeat of the Soviets emboldened these fundamentalist forces. But at the same time, they found they were no longer needed by the U.S. Events soon led to bin Laden's transformation from a CIA asset to a U.S. enemy. When Iraq invaded Kuwait in 1990, bin Laden offered to organize new groups of Islamic fighters against Saddam Hussein's secular regime. (This bitter animosity between bin Laden and Hussein is ignored by U.S. officials, who instead have continually tried to claim some Iraq/al-Qaida "link" to justify another war against Saddam.) Bin Laden and his followers were shocked and outraged when the U.S. and the Saudis rejected their offer to fight Iraq. Their anger grew when 500,000 U.S. and allied troops were deployed on Saudi soil. They saw this as "infidels" defiling holy territory. Bin Laden and other Islamic fundamentalists felt that the U.S. now sought to dominate Muslim lands. They accused the Saudi royal family of complicity in the transgressions committed by the U.S. troops on Saudi soil. They turned their "jihad" on the U.S. and its allies, including the Saudi royalty. Some prominent Saudi clerics also began to speak out against the U.S., and they found an appreciative audience. A few religious figures even argued that the royal family had lost its legitimacy. The Saudi security services--including the Saudi Arabian National Guard (SANG), which was trained, organized, and equipped by the Pentagon--cracked down hard. Hundreds of Islamist activists were arrested. In 1994 the Saudi regime kicked bin Laden out of the country and stripped him of his citizenship. But anti-U.S. sentiments have only deepened. A recent article in Foreign Affairs magazine noted, "Despite official denials, the U.S. troops, who have been in Saudi Arabia ever since the Persian Gulf war, are highly unpopular...many Saudis complain that they consider it a form of occupation-- at best humiliating...at worst intolerable....The U.S. presence undermines the government's legitimacy as well." ("Trouble in the Kingdom," Eric Rouleau, Foreign Affairs , July/August 2002) Sympathy for bin Laden apparently extends to some members of the Saudi upper classes. In his book The Taliban , Ahmed Rashid notes that that Saudi officials did not want bin Laden falling into U.S. hands in 1998 because he "could expose the deep relationship that bin Laden continued to have with sympathetic members of the Royal Family and elements of Saudi intelligence, which could prove deeply embarrassing." The escalation of Israeli atrocities against Palestinians and the launching of the second Palestinian Intifada in September 2000 further stoked the anger against the Saudi royalty and their U.S. backers. Foreign Affairs argues: "The deterioration of the Arab-Israeli situation has started to threaten the very stability of the Saudi state in a way many Westerners, particularly Americans, had not anticipated. In particular, outsiders have underestimated the anger roused in the Saudi population by the suffering of the Palestinian people--and the fact that this suffering is blamed less on Israel than on its American protector. Given the privileged nature of relations between Washington and Riyadh, this anger has also started to focus on the House of Saud itself." The Foreign Affairs article contends that bin Laden "remains widely popular in Saudi Arabia today--not for his crimes, but because of the population's reflective anti-Americanism." Economic Strains and Severe Repression These developments are taking place against a backdrop of extreme repression and growing economic difficulties in Saudi Arabia which are adding to rising discontent against the ruling order. The extended royal family has dictatorial power over the country's government, politics, and economy. Saudi society is extremely stifling, public protest is rare, and political liberty is basically nonexistent. The judicial system has been described as one of the most secretive and oppressive in the world. The list of discriminatory laws against women is practically endless: women can't open bank accounts, purchase property, work, or travel without the express approval of their "guardians." Women aren't allowed to drive or leave their homes unless they're veiled and accompanied by a male family member. Foreign workers, who make up about a fourth of the population, labor under extremely oppressive conditions, have few if any legal rights, and are typically confined to the worst jobs. Followers of the Shi'ite branch of Islam, some 10 percent of the Saudi population, face intense discrimination. Stagnating oil revenues, huge outlays for U.S.-sponsored wars, and soaring population growth have combined to cause a staggering reduction in the average income per person, from $28,600 in 1981 (roughly the same as the U.S. at that time) to $6,800 last year. Unemployment has become a serious issue. Saudi Arabia's infrastructure is crumbling. Saudis have invested between $700 billion and $1 trillion abroad, mostly in the U.S. This recycling of oil revenues, or "petrodollars," is vital for the running of the world imperialist financial system. But according to Foreign Affairs , one result is that "there is not enough money for local investment." Wild and Brutal Ambitions "They have ambitions of essentially reshuffling the whole deck, reordering the whole situation - beginning with the strategic areas of Central and South Asia and the Middle East that are more immediately involved now - but, even beyond that, on a world scale." Bob Avakian,"The New Situation andthe Great Challenges" It is growing clearer to millions that the U.S. is determined to wage a bloody and unjust war on Iraq. They aim to overthrow the Hussein regime and install a pro-U.S. government--run by an Iraqi puppet or directly by the U.S. military. This would put the U.S. in direct control of the world's second largest oil reserves. But the U.S. imperialists are after far more than oil and Saddam Hussein's head in the Middle East-- Iraq is only the beginning. The Boston Globe (9/10/02) reported: "As the Bush administration debates going to war against Iraq, its most hawkish members are pushing a sweeping vision for the Middle East that sees the overthrow of President Saddam Hussein of Iraq as merely a first step in the region's transformations... After an ouster of Hussein, they say, the United States will have more leverage to act against Syria and Iran, will be in a better position to resolve the Israeli-Palestinian conflict, and will be able to rely less on Saudi oil." Various ex-officials and ruling-class experts warn that waging war on Iraq and implementing such sweeping transformations could trigger mass upheaval and destabilize U.S. allies like Saudi Arabia. But the Bush team is pushing ahead in the face of such warnings. It is not that they're unaware of the potential dangers--they are trying to refine and sequence their horrendous project so that they neither lose post-Sept. 11 political "momentum" nor allow events to escape their control. But they're driven by the necessities of their global empire--and what they perceive as a golden opportunity--to cut the "Gordian knot" of contradictions they face with the sword of war. A Washington Monthly article gave a glimpse into the dominant imperialist mindset these days. The author asked one proponent of war on Iraq whether "wobbly or upended regimes in Egypt and Saudi Arabia were worth the price of removing Saddam." The war proponent responded, "All the better if you ask me." The author concluded, "These neoconservatives are not just being glib. They see toppling Saddam as the first domino to fall, with other corrupt Middle Eastern regimes following." (Joshua Micha Marshall, "Bomb Saddam," June 2002.) The Rand Corporation's Pentagon briefing echoed this theme: It called Iraq the "tactical pivot," Saudi Arabia the "strategic pivot," and Egypt "the prize." In their view, the entire region should be reconfigured to U.S. specifications. War on Iraq is also intended to undercut the maneuvers of other imperialist powers in the region and to force them to be subordinate to U.S. dictates. And the U.S. rulers hope their war on Iraq will intimidate the masses throughout the region-- especially the Palestinians, who are fighting for their very survival as a people. The Palestinians face escalating savagery of the Israeli military, backed with billions of dollars in U.S. aid. There is open discussion within Israeli and U.S. ruling circles of massive "transfer"--the ethnic cleansing of historic Palestine. Rather than negotiate a resolution of this struggle, powerful forces in the U.S. ruling class favor cutting this knot, too, through war. The Wall Street Journal argued in a March 29 editorial that a U.S. defeat of Iraq would demoralize the Palestinian people and force them to accept whatever "deal" the U.S. imposed on them: "The path to a calmer Mideast now lies not through Jerusalem but through Baghdad." In the view of the "war party," defeating and "stabilizing" Iraq would give the U.S. more freedom to push its client regimes in the region to clamp down harder on anti-U.S. political forces. And the U.S. could do this with less fear of the consequences of mass upheaval and destabilized regimes. The Rand briefing, for example, recommended that the U.S. "demand that Saudi Arabia stop all anti-U.S., anti-Israel, and anti-western rhetoric in the region; dismantle and ban the kingdom's `Islamic charities' and confiscate their assets; and prosecute those involved in terrorism." If Saudi Arabia does not comply, the briefing warned, the U.S. should "target" Saudi oil fields, Saudi assets in the U.S., and holy places in Saudi Arabia. Another goal of the U.S. imperialists is to more thoroughly integrate the Middle East into the U.S.- dominated global economy. Saudi Arabia has come under criticism for putting roadblocks in the way of global capital--such as limiting foreign ownership and forbidding the charging of interest. If Saudi Arabia is going to survive, the U.S. rulers warn, it has to "modernize," open its economy to the forces of globalization, and train its elite to operate in the world capitalist market. Unpredictable Consequences It is unclear just how far and how fast the U.S. will go to revamp its alliance with Saudi Arabia or force changes within Saudi society. But any U.S. attempt to "modernize" the kingdom would probably entail reducing the role of traditional Islam and the clergy and increasing the foreign presence in the country. Yet such actions could further weaken key pillars of al Saud rule and lead to greater instability. How would the U.S. respond then? And what would the fallout be among the world's billion-plus Muslims, if the U.S. felt compelled to occupy or even dismember Saudi Arabia--the geographic and historic center of Islam? The U.S. bragged that the 1991 war of aggression and slaughter against Iraq would usher in a "new world order" of what-we-say-goes U.S. dominance. But things didn't turn out as planned. Look at Saudi Arabia, where deep fissures have opened up in one of the U.S.'s most important and reliable puppet regimes. The new, more arrogant, and more brutal plans of U.S. imperialism will undoubtedly leave the Middle East awash in even greater human suffering. But they may also backfire in unforeseen ways. And that may create openings for the people and turn the imperialists' diabolical ambitions into their worst nightmares. This article is posted in English and Spanish on Revolutionary Worker Online rwor.org Write: Box 3486, Merchandise Mart, Chicago, IL 60654 (The RW Online does not currently communicate via email.)	cc/2019-30/en_head_0049.json.gz/line13112
__label__wiki	0.513639	0.513639	Common Cause Report - Social Disadvantage Across Sydney Thursday, 23rd July 2009 at 1:10 pm A new report has identified deepening disadvantage across Sydney resulting in calls to action from many corporate and community leaders. Thursday, 23rd July 2009 Some 100 leaders from the Sydney community gathered for the launch of the Common Cause report. The report is the product of a collaborative effort to build the Common Good in Sydney, represented by all sectors of Sydney society, including government, business and the general community. The report, undertaken by the Centre for Social Impact, is a cross-sector initiative led by United Way Sydney in partnership with a broad range of organisations that are focused on addressing social disadvantage, including the NSW Community Relations Commission, and Perpetual Limited. Deepening disadvantage across Sydney spurred the report and an accompanying website identifying the key social and economic issues facing the Sydney community. Doug Taylor, CEO of United Way Sydney says clearly, the nature of disadvantage has changed and it’s critical that all groups work together to create initiatives that have a measurable impact on these issues. Taylor says the underlying message in this report is that despite the best endeavors of government and community organisations we have not seen an improvement in social indicators. He says the report is a critical first step in the process of understanding the kind of city Sydney is becoming. Hugh Mackay, Social Researcher and Author who helped compile the report says the problems of poverty (especially post-housing poverty), social exclusion and inequality demand some urgent and creative solutions. Peter Shergold from the Centre for Social Impact issued a call to action to the Sydney community. He says the report identifies a disturbing fact, that only 16% of Sydneysiders are involved with volunteering and that is half the national average. He says clearly part of the problem in this city is the effective engagement of the broader community in tackling these issues. United Way Sydney will now engage in widespread community consultation to determine what Sydneysiders think is the best way to tackle these complex issues. This consultation process will involve focus groups, deliberative forums, online interactive surveys and social media to generate a conversation about the issues. The Common Cause report can be downloaded at www.commoncause.com.au Tags : Reports, ASX Sustainability Reporting ‘Very Disappointing’ Wednesday, 15th May 2013 at 9:57 am Good Charities Spend More - Report Tuesday, 7th May 2013 at 10:11 am Impact Investors ‘In the Dark’ on Impact - Report Wednesday, 1st May 2013 at 10:39 am Global Social Progress Index NDIS funding deal to help people with disability avoid lengthy hospital stays Thursday, 4th July 2019 at 4:44 pm	cc/2019-30/en_head_0049.json.gz/line13113
__label__cc	0.748508	0.251492	The Things I Love About Kevin Jennings by Sarah Beaulieu \| Jul 20, 2012 \| Career and Leadership \| 0 comments Last Friday, I found out that my very awesome boss, Kevin Jennings, accepted a position to lead the Arcus Foundation, a foundation that focuses on making the world a more humane and just place for the vulnerable – with a focus on the Great Apes and LGBT communities. I am beyond sad about his departure – though he’s leaving for good reasons to go on and do good things – but I loved every minute of every day we worked together. Sometimes these transition moments pass us by and we don’t take the opportunity to tell people how we feel about them. Perhaps this is why we have funerals. But why wait for a eulogy to praise people? (Besides, I’m sure there is a long list of people who would like to speak at Kevin’s funeral, so I might not make the cut!) Do, defer, delegate. Kevin just does things. I think that’s awesome. Maybe it’s because he’s older and more confident than I am, but I think I second-guess things more than he does. He helped me get over my hesitation about delegating things I didn’t think were “interesting projects.” For example, he once calculated how much time I spent on our database, and said, “Do you really think it’s worth 10% of your week? What else could you be doing with that time?” Don’t let perfection be the enemy of good. I told this to Kevin once, and he said, “Great, so I’m teaching you to be mediocre!” That’s not at all the case. Sometimes it’s important to remember that good enough might just be good enough, and to save your best work for the things that are really important. Perfectionism is paralyzing – for individuals and for organizations. I have had bosses before who have talked the talk about things not being perfect, but they didn’t always live it. Kevin says, “Looks good, send it.” unless it’s absolutely terrible. Now I try to do the same. Conflict is healthy. Kevin is not phased by conflict at all, both at the interpersonal level and at the organizational level. Conflict exposes issues that need to be resolved in relationships, and conflict points to structural changes that may need to be made or defined in organizations. If you avoid conflict, you can’t resolve it. And everyone has a preferred conflict management style – each has it’s place and proper use – so just own what you are. The answer is usually obvious. Sure, we solve complex social problems, but let’s not make anything more complicated than it already is. I saw him apply this principle to hiring, strategic planning, and fundraising. Why do a search for an operations manager when a long-time consultant wants to apply? Just hire her. You don’t need to work 24-7 to be effective. This was amazing to see. Kevin was one of the most effective leaders I have ever worked for at an organization, yet he did not work around the clock. If there were things that needed to be addressed off-hours, they were but I rarely got an email from him late at night or on the weekends. If I did, it was never with the expectation of an immediate response. Kevin managed his time and his workflow very well, and that allowed him to devote the most energy to the organization as possible. You can be a leader and be yourself. I never felt like I needed to speak the party line at work. If I disagreed with Kevin, I told him. Kevin also encouraged me and all the people who worked closely with him to pursue their own interests and passions. And he was always himself at work. He sent funny You Tube clips to make a point – and I mean funny ones! Before Kevin, I never would have felt comfortable starting a personal blog while working at an organization in a leadership role. I would have been afraid that I would “get in trouble,” or that my personal opinion and perspective was supposed to 100% align with the organization. Kevin encouraged me to take risks, speak up, and get my voice out there. Let others go first. This is a great one. Kevin has a rule about not giving his perspective first, because he’s the boss. If there is a decision we are discussing, he makes others give their opinion or choose a pathway before he shares his perspective. This forced me to give my opinion even if it might cause conflict with others. And it also taught me that disagreeing doesn’t necessarily mean conflict, and that it was okay to change your position after hearing other people’s perspective. In the end, we are all just quirky humans. Kevin invested a lot of time and energy into professional development for the management team and for the whole organization, and it paid off. In order to work well together as a team, we need shared language, shared understanding, and a diverse toolbox of skills to manage internal relationships with humans that are just so different from each other. As a team, we explored People Styles at Work, Thomas Kilman’s Conflict Styles, and The 5 Dysfunctions as a Team. And that was just in his first year. At first I resisted some of the touchy-feely, share yourself with colleagues approach, but ultimately I found that by just being myself and owning myself, I had more to offer to the organization – and was happier doing it. So while I am sad to see Kevin go, I am grateful that I had a year to learn from him, and know I will be a better leader and manager and human because of it. Congratulations senior staff at the Arcus Foundation – you have a winner coming your way! The Enliven Project – 2012: Year in Review - [...] a major transition at work which meant bidding farewell to a wonderful mentor, embracing change, and landing in the…	cc/2019-30/en_head_0049.json.gz/line13119
__label__wiki	0.639143	0.639143	Seven Seas Crafts a New World with How to Build a Dungeon: Book of the Demon King Posted on December 9th, 2015 Seven Seas Entertainment is pleased to announce their acquisition of the dark harem fantasy manga, How to Build a Dungeon: Book of the Demon King, written by Warau Yakan, with art by Komiya Toshimasa. A beautifully-illustrated manga series that features a darker take on the dungeon genre, How to Build a Dungeon: Book of the Demon King is the tale of one man’s thirst for power and his ambition to create the ultimate dungeon. At the end of his life, after decades of painstaking research, Aur’s quest for ultimate power is within reach. But first he must die! Now, reborn into a magical world as the Demon King, he uses his newfound abilities to make his dark visions a reality. Upon summoning an alluring succubus known as Lilu to serve him, he immediately begins the task of creating a dungeon—an underground kingdom of his own, filled with all manner of fantastical beasts. As Aur crafts the intricate and dangerous world of his dungeon, he’ll learn what it takes to become a true Demon King, with all the pleasures, troubles, and trials that come with it. And his enemies will cower in fear! “How to Build a Dungeon: Book of the Demon King has been a strong seller in Japan, and we’re confident it’ll find its English audience too,” said Seven Seas production manager Lissa Pattillo. “Stories about surviving in a bleak fantasy world have been embraced by manga readers around the world, but How the Build a Dungeon really switches things up with a main character who builds the world himself.” Seven Seas will present How to Build a Dungeon: Book of the Demon King for the first time in print in North America as single volume shrink-wrapped editions. Each book will contain at least two full-color pages. Volume one will be released on October 11, 2016 for $12.99 USA / $14.99 CAN.	cc/2019-30/en_head_0049.json.gz/line13122
__label__wiki	0.82284	0.82284	April 19, 2012 by brendanmstewart Thanks, Levon When I was about twelve years old I was in the living room of my parents’ house when I heard music coming from my sister’s bedroom upstairs. At the time my musical tastes ran the gamut from the Beatles to the Beatles. There were radio songs I liked, of course, and it’s possible that by this time I’d discovered my brother’s scratchy copy of Hot Rocks, the seminal greatest hits album by The Rolling Stones. But having no money of my own with which to buy records, and a general distaste for most of the newer songs that played on the radio (disco was starting to become big), my tastes were very limited. Which is why I still remember how the music coming from my sister’s bedroom was like a punch to the solar plexus. Virgil Caine is the name And I served on the Danville train ‘Til Stoneman’s cavalry came And tore up the tracks again In the winter of ’65 We were hungry, just barely alive By May the tenth, Richmond had fell It’s a time I remember oh so well I was absolutely floored. Knocked. Out. Then when the chorus kicked in I ran up the stairs. I had to know what this song was, who was singing it, and I had to know right that minute. It was a song I’d heard before on the radio, but it was years past its time on the Top 40 station I listened to and my memory of the song was a distant one. Hearing it that day I instantly recognized it, and it touched a chord deep inside of me. My sister showed me the album cover, which struck me as very strange. Five wet, scraggly men standing on a muddy road, and on the back cover a photo that looked like it had been taken in 1876, with a lyric from “The Dark Town Strutter’s Ball.” And was that really the name of the group? The Band? Really? On the inside of the gatefold, more photographs that looked so out of time. My sister dutifully played some of the songs for me, including “Rag Mama Rag” because I was taking piano lessons at the time and that song had fantastic piano playing in it. At the time, a lot of the album went over my head, but “Rag Mama Rag”, “The Night They Drove Old Dixie Down”, and “Up On Cripple Creek” reached into my soul. They’re still there, though by now they’ve been joined by the rest of that extraordinary album, unquestionably one of the greatest of the rock era. I don’t think it’s a coincidence that the three songs that resonated so deeply with me were sung by Levon Helm. That raspy, gravelly, yet powerful, voice added so much weight to the songs he sung. This was a man who sang with authenticity. Not pretty, his voice was real. It was the voice of the South, of cotton fields and scorching heat, of the ghosts of rebels long forgotten. Richard Manuel sang like an angel, and Rick Danko sang like a fallen angel, but Helm was the voice of the soil, never even trying to hide that Arkansas twang. So strong was his presence that it is sometimes forgotten that he was the sole American in a rock band that virtually invented Americana. A Canadian wrote the Civil War song “The Night They Drove Old Dixie Down,” but he relied on the American in the band to bring the song to life, to invest in the words a dignity and pride in the enormous heritage of the Old South. It was a new voice for most rock listeners in 1969. It was not the yokel voices of the old-fashioned country singers, nor the voice of the slack-jawed redneck caricature in which so many non-Southerners believed. It was the voice of pride, not in slavery, but in sticking up for beliefs. It was the voice of defeat, and carried an unheard acknowledgment that defeat may have been necessary. It was stately and grand, overflowing with gravitas. It was the voice of Levon Helm, who gave the song a seriousness that neither Richard Manuel nor Rick Danko could approach. And the fact that this same voice could be turned to rip-roaring, rafter-swinging effect in joyful, bawdy, life-affirming songs like “Rag Mama Rag” and “Cripple Creek” only made Helm that much more valuable to both his band and rock music in general. Recently I’ve been listening to Helm’s solo album Electric Dirt (review to follow in the April Listening Post). His voice on the 2009 album is not as strong as it once was, but considering that it was once believed he would never sing again after he was diagnosed with throat cancer in the late-90s, it is remarkable how good he sounds. The album itself is a fine one, full of the fire and vigor of a man half his age with none of his health problems. To see him do these songs in one of the Midnight Rambles he staged in his barn would have been amazing. I’ll always regret not going to one of the Rambles. Levon Helm has died, joining his Band-mates and fellow singers Richard Manuel and Rick Danko. One of the greatest rock and roll singers of all time is silent now, but the music he left behind tells his tale. Listen to it. This entry was posted in Music and tagged Levon Helm, The Band, The Night They Drove Old Dixie Down. Bookmark the permalink. ← The Listening Post: March 2012 The Listening Post: April 2012 →	cc/2019-30/en_head_0049.json.gz/line13125
__label__wiki	0.802049	0.802049	Home National It's been 425 days since Trump admitted to sexual assault — and... (AP Photo/Manuel Balce Ceneta) It's been 425 days since Trump admitted to sexual assault — and he's still in the Oval Office Donald Trump remains in the Oval Office despite being caught on tape bragging about sexually assaulting women. While other powerful men have faced consequences for sexual misconduct, the Republican Party has allowed Trump to evade accountability. Donald Trump was revealed 425 days ago to have made an admission on tape that he sexually assaulted women, and was proud of it. He remains in the office of the presidency, even as other powerful men in politics and business have lost their positions over similar allegations. There was a period of 14 days between the revelations of sexual misconduct by Rep. John Conyers (D-MI) and the announcement that he would resign. For Sen. Al Franken, it was 21 days. Fox News founder Roger Ailes was ousted over harassment claims, as was network star Bill O'Reilly. Hollywood producer Harvey Weinstein was also pushed out after his many victims spoke up. Trump has yet to have his day of reckoning, in large part because of the support he continues to receive from the Republican Party. The Trump administration has alleged that every woman who accused Trump of sexual harassment or assault is lying. There are at least 16 women who have made credible allegations against him over the years. The recording of Trump bragging about forcing himself on women was released on Oct. 7, 2016. Speaking to "Access Hollywood" host Billy Bush, Trump said: You know I'm automatically attracted to beautiful—I just start kissing them. It's like a magnet. Just kiss. I don't even wait. And when you're a star, they let you do it. You can do anything. Grab 'em by the pussy. You can do anything. Two days later, Trump acknowledged the recording's authenticity in a video statement. "I said it, I was wrong, and I apologize." Trump continued to receive support from the Republican Party, even from figures who had openly criticized the content of the "Access Hollywood" recording, including Mike Pence and Paul Ryan. Ryan even pledged that he was in total allegiance with Trump and his agenda. Now, Trump has reportedly started claiming that the tape was a fake, adding it to the collection of conspiracy theories and crackpot ideas he clings to and uses taxpayer dollars to pursue. It isn't fake, and his confession was very real. Just as they have rallied around Trump, Republicans also stand behind Alabama Senate candidate Roy Moore, despite credible allegations of child molestation and inappropriate relationships with minors. While Democrats called for the resignation of Conyers and Franken, Republicans have not made any such call for Rep. Blake Farenthold (R-TX) to step down. It was recently reported that Farenthold settled a claim of sexual harassment with a staffer. Trump is a serial abuser of women. With the help of the Republican Party, Trump continues to evade justice. But women are speaking up and holding men like him accountable for their actions and behavior, with serious consequences. There's a tidal wave coming — and even Trump can't outrun this one. Previous articleTrump ruins celebration of civil rights heroes with selfish photo op Next article13 GOP governors won't sign letter supporting the Republican tax scam	cc/2019-30/en_head_0049.json.gz/line13126
__label__wiki	0.800266	0.800266	Home National Texas GOP senator admits he could be 'in trouble' in 2020 re-election (Photo By Tom Williams/CQ Roll Call) Texas GOP senator admits he could be 'in trouble' in 2020 re-election Sen. John Cornyn is preparing himself for a big fight as Texas could be slipping away from the GOP. Facing what could be a difficult re-election campaign in 2020, Sen. John Cornyn (R-TX) is already stockpiling money out of fear that he could lose his deep red seat to a Democratic challenger. Politico reports that Cornyn has already harvested $5.8 million in donations for his campaign, more than any other senator up for re-election in 2020. Cornyn recently hired his campaign manager and secured an endorsement from fellow Texas Republican Sen. Ted Cruz, who did not endorse him the last time he ran. He has no idea which Democrat will be running against him, but Cornyn admits that he is afraid of what might happen. "The tectonic plates shifted in Texas in 2018," Cornyn told Politico, "and I think everybody realized we need to do something different and to address those concerns or else we're in trouble." Cornyn is referring to the close election in 2018 between Cruz and his Democratic challenger, Rep. Beto O'Rourke, where Cruz won by only 2.6 points. in Cruz's first Senate election in 2012, he won by 14 points. O'Rourke proved that a Democrat can put up a serious challenge in Texas, especially in an election where voters are motivated to vote against the Republican agenda. So while Cornyn easily won re-election in 2014 by by 27.2 points, and Texas has not had a Democratic senator since 1993, Cornyn is clearly worried that the tide is changing in Texas. In 2016, Trump won Texas by 9 points, down from Mitt Romney's 16-point victory over President Barack Obama. With its 38 electoral votes, Texas is the biggest red state in America, without which the Republican Party would almost certainly would not be able to win presidential elections. And if Trump struggles in Texas, that could trickle down to Cornyn. Trump's approval is at 49 percent in Texas, and while that is higher than the national average, it's not saying much in a state that is supposed to be so reliably red. In his interview with Politico, Cornyn took the time to point out areas in which he has mildly disagreed with Trump. But his voting record shows someone who has supported Trump 95.5 percent of the time over the last two years. That steadfast support might not sit well with Texas voters who are not enthusiastic about Trump. "Cornyn has wrapped himself around Trump from the very beginning and he will be wrapped around Trump in the general election in 2020 by Democrats every single day," Gilberto Hinojosa, chairman of the Texas Democratic Party, told Politico. With politics changing in Texas, and an unpopular president at the top of the ticket, Cornyn could be in trouble, and he knows it. TX-Sen Previous articleTrump charged taxpayers $14 million for 4 trips to his luxury resort Next articleTrump ignores tradition, refuses to congratulate Pelosi on midterm win	cc/2019-30/en_head_0049.json.gz/line13127
__label__wiki	0.556536	0.556536	Watchmaking By George Daniels Default Title - $70 USD If you're interested in watches – specifically in watches, and how they actually work, as opposed to collecting – this book is absolutely essential; it should be in the library of every single person who has any interest at all in watchmaking history, in craftsmanship, in genuine connoisseurship, and in being an informed consumer. This is nothing less than a how-to manual on making a watch using traditional hand tools and traditional craft techniques, written by Dr. George Daniels – the inventor of the co-axial escapement, and one of the most revered and respected horologists of the 20th and 21st centuries. Want to know how blued steel hands are actually blued? It's here. Want to know how to lay out the plans for an escapement, and what watchmakers really think about when they design or examine one? It's all here. Want to know how to make a tourbillon? Daniels tells you. And this is far from being just a dry technical manual, it's chock-full of history as well – it's full of little gems, like the bizarre oddity that is the Benoit cageless tourbillon, or the fact that Chinese clients in the 1800s vastly preferred deadbeat seconds hands on their watches, or that the constant force mechanism known as the remontoir is "quite unnecessary, which merely adds to its charm". Make no mistake, this is full of sometimes intellectually challenging information, but if you make the effort, after reading it you will find yourself in possession of a level of understanding of what watchmaking is really all about. Daniels had, and has, a deserved reputation as a sometimes forbiddingly demanding perfectionist, but he also had a deep love of both watchmaking and education, and both shine through in this book, which is perhaps his single greatest contribution to horology. Our copy at HODINKEE is one of the single most-consulted books in our entire library; a must-have. 11 x 8 x 1 inches Flightmaster Only: The OMEGA Pilot's Watch Flightmaster Only: The OMEGA Pilot's Watch HODINKEE Magazine, Volume 4 HODINKEE Magazine, Volume 4 Watchmakers: The Masters of Art Horology Watchmakers: The Masters of Art Horology Richard Mille Richard Mille	cc/2019-30/en_head_0049.json.gz/line13129
__label__wiki	0.655402	0.655402	Tag Archives: Ethiopia Music Action International February 17, 2018 Halldór H Bjarnason Leave a comment Music Action International is a highly interesting charity based in the UK that uses music as a connection and healing mechanism. I contacted Lis Murphy, the creative director of the project, and asked her a few questions about their work and the power of music. For those who are not familiar with Music Action International, what is the charity about? We are a collective of people from around the world who use the power of music to overcome the effects and causes of war, torture and armed conflict. How did the charity start? I set up the organisation a few years ago. My first job after studying music was working in Mostar, Bosnia and Hercegovina a few years after the war ended. I was very moved by the people I worked with who became close friends in the way that music was used as a tool to express emotions to difficult to talk about and to bring people together in a joyful and positive way. When I came home to Manchester I worked with refugees and asylum seekers in museums and art galleries and then decided with a group of friends that we needed to bring more music to peoples’ lives in a thoughtful and ethical way to really transform lives not only of war survivors who had lived through horrific experiences but also to connect us all together. Lis Murphy, creative director of Music Action. A band that formed through Music Action, called Everyday People, was performing in the beginning of February at the London Remixed Festival. Can you tell us a bit about this band? This is an amazing group of teenagers who have been forced to flee their country because of war and are now in London without friends or family. They come from DR Congo, Syria, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Kurdistan, Iran and Afghanistan. We created a beautiful project in partnership with British Red Cross to support these young people through writing and performing their own music, supported by a highly experienced team of international musicians, some of whom also come from a refugee background. What are some of the other music projects happening at Music Action? We create music with torture survivors who are highly traumatised with our programme “Stone Flowers”, their music is really powerful and uplifting. We also support people who have recently arrived from war or conflict in drop-in centres through singing together in a choir, we also bring children of all ages from different backgrounds together in schools to work with refugee artists and write their own music towards interactive performances involving 300 school children. Music Action International recently ventured to Sierra Leone. How did that go? It was amazing!! We were made to feel so welcome and it was such a joy to work with young people living on the street who have been affected by conflict who shared so many creative ideas, who were desparate to have the opportunity to learn and who were incredibly insightful and engaged with writing and performing music collaboratively in all their different tribal languages. How can music help people who have suffered? We know that music, when used in a particular way physiologically changes the heartbeat, breathing and stress hormone levels in an incredibly positive way. Heartbeats synchronise when people sing together. Music connects people with themselves and with others. With people who experience trauma, all of these are incredibly important, as well as bringing people out of isolation and bringing back positive memories of the home they have lost. How does this job affect the professional musicians within Music Action International and their music development? We are really lucky to have such an amazing group of people who have joined our movement. There is such a great vibe at our performances that people often say it was the highlight of their working year. Having the opportunity to meet and work with people from across the globe, to share ideas, ways of working and philosophies on life is something really compelling and life-changing for everyone involved. “Our main aim is to get the message of people we work with who don’t have a voice to more and more people.” What are some of the favorite protest/socially conscious musicians, current or old, at the office of Music Action International? We’ve just had a really interesting discussion in the office, so thank you for the question!! We of course love Sly and the Family Stone who wrote the song “Everyday People” as they were the first the first major multi-racial, mixed-gender band in rock history. Bob Marley was also a key peace activist. As well as the lead figures or musicians who represent protest movements or social causes, we love scenes and spaces that build movements that encourage activism and movements of positive change. What is on the horizon for the charity and for the music groups within? We are expanding our programmes in the UK to connect with and support more people affected by war & torture in schools, drop-in centres and with torture survivors. We are also going back to Sierra Leone and are developing programmes with local organisations in Bosnia and Hercegovina. Our main aim is to get the message of people we work with who don’t have a voice to more and more people. How can musicians help and work with Music Action International? We need more people from around the world passionate about what we do to join our movement and share the music and stories from people affected by war, torture and armed conflict who don’t always have a voice. You can sign up to our newsletter here, or connect with us on Twitter, Facebook and Instagram. Thank you very much for participating and for helping to create music! Anything else you would like to shout from the rooftops? Thank you too!! We are shouting no words from the rooftops, just some sounds for ya!!! Afghanistanasylum seekersBosnia and HercegovinacharityDR CongoEnglandEritreaEthiopiaIranKurdistanmusic healingRefugeesSierra LeoneSyriatorturewar	cc/2019-30/en_head_0049.json.gz/line13131
__label__cc	0.567966	0.432034	One of the highlights of the symposiums on Saturday, Jan. 14, presented as part of the Goodspeed Festival of New Musicals will be the conversation by Jack Viertel with theater writer and critic Frank Rizzo. Viertel’s book, The Secret Life of the American Musical, is a must-read for musical theater fans. In it, he draws on his years of experience as a critic, producer, and teacher at New York University’s Tisch School of the Arts to dissect what makes some musicals great and others also-rans. “I wrote the book because whenever I gave a talk to lay people about musical theater, they would also ask when would I write a book. So, six or seven years ago, I started writing,” Viertel said. The book is based on the teaching he did at NYU for theater professionals who wanted to become writers of musicals—lyricists, composers, or book writers. He has developed a series of what he calls “patterns” that are present in all outstanding musicals. He said that these patterns are still necessary if today’s shows. “They aren’t being broken,” he said. “They’re being updated and rethought for a different world.” Reg E. Cathey Takes On Beckett Stories and StuffFrank Rizzo January 6, 2017 American Theatre Magazine	cc/2019-30/en_head_0049.json.gz/line13132
__label__wiki	0.866202	0.866202	Fraggle Rock is a British/American/Canadian children's live action puppet television series. It was created by Jim Henson. Fraggle Rock is about a society of Muppet creatures called Fraggles. It was shown from 1983-1987. Down at Fraggle Rock (Down in Fraggle Rock) is an opening and ending song. In 1993 versions of some episodes, at the end of some scenes of some episodes and some episodes, the 1993 Fraggle Rock "Stay tuned" screen/logo plastered/replaced the 1982-1987 Fraggle Rock ending credits and at the end of 1993 versions of some episodes, 1993 Fraggle Rock ending credits replace/plastered 1982-1987 Fraggle Rock ending credits. The intro was shortened on Hub in 2010-2013, and Hub Network in 2013-2014 and Discovery Family since 2014. In the cartoonish/animated intro, the Roland D-50 patch "Piano-Fifty" was heard. In some versions of the theme, the Yamaha DX7 internal factory patch "Electric Bass 1" was heard in 1983-1987. It got cartoonish/animated in season 6 (1987). Fraggle Rock was co-produced by British television company Television South (TVS), the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation, U.S. pay television service Home Box Office and Henson Associates. Unlike Sesame Street, it was intended from the start to be an international production. Henson described the Fraggle Rock series as "a high-energy, raucous musical romp. It's a lot of silliness. It's wonderful."[1] While the program proved accessible to audiences of all ages, it used the fantasy creatures as examples to deal with serious issues. These included prejudice, spirituality, personal identity, the environment, and social conflict.[2] ↑ Random House, 1993. Jim Henson The Works: The Art, The Magic, The Imagination ↑ Down at Fraggle Rock documentary; 1987, HBO and Jim Henson Productions This short article about television can be made longer. You can help Wikipedia by adding to it. Retrieved from "https://simple.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fraggle_Rock&oldid=6168753" 1983 television series debuts 1987 television series endings 1980s American television series 1980s British television series 1980s Canadian television series American children's television series British children's television series Canadian children's television series Television stubs	cc/2019-30/en_head_0049.json.gz/line13136
__label__wiki	0.670447	0.670447	Double Helix Law A blog on DNA evidence Tag Archives: DNA John Doe warrant California Supreme Court Exempts Negligent Inclusion of Individuals in the DNA Database from the Exclusionary Rule In United States v. Leon, 468 U.S. 897 (1984), the Supreme Court adopted a narrow, “good-faith exception to the Fourth Amendment exclusionary rule” for “reliable physical evidence seized by officers reasonably relying on a warrant issued by a detached and neutral magistrate.” Later cases have applied this exception to a police officer’s “reasonable reliance” in making arrests or executing searches on the basis of information or authorization from courts or other government officials. 1/ But if the exception is not to swallow the rule, the Leon exception should not apply when the police department conducting the unreasonable search or seizure is itself the source of the mistake that appears to justify the search. In this situation, it can hardly be said that “there is no police illegality and thus nothing to deter.” 2/ In People v. Robinson, 47 Cal. 4th 1104 (2009), however, the Supreme Court of California unanimously adopted this radical expansion of Leon. And it did so in a case in which it did not need to address the issue. In 1999, when Paul Eugene Robinson “was in custody at [a detention center] for two misdemeanor convictions and awaiting transfer to state prison based on a parole revocation [for a] burglary,” California’s DNA database law went into effect. Although Robinson’s crimes did not qualify him for inclusion in the new database, “an unknown person in the Center‟s records department . . . mistakenly identified [him] as a prisoner with a qualifying offense . . . . As a result of that mistake, a [blood] sample . . . was drawn . . . .” The California Department of Justice Laboratory analyzed the sample, uploaded the DNA profile, and got a cold hit to the man wanted on a “John Doe” DNA warrant for “five felony sexual offenses, all perpetrated against Deborah L. on August 25, 1994.” A jury convicted Robinson of these offenses, the California Court of Appeal affirmed, and the state supreme court granted review. The California Supreme Court held that an arrest warrant for “John Doe, unknown male” with a particular 13-locus STR profile was valid and thus tolled the statute of limitations on rape prosecutions. It held that the erroneous extraction of blood violated state law, but not the Fourth Amendment. For good measure, it added that even if there had been a constitutional violation, it would not have mattered under the Leon good-faith exception to the exclusionary rule. Although there is reason to doubt the Court’s conclusion that the statutorily unauthorized seizure of blood was consistent with the Fourth Amendment, my target here is the pointed rejection of the exclusionary rule. The United States Supreme Court has never approved the admission of evidence seized in violation of the Fourth Amendment by a police agency relying on Its own, mistaken information, and no court should do so. The Robinson Court relied largely on the recent–and controversial–decision in Herring v. United States, 555 U. S. __ (2009). 3/ In Herring, police officers arrested and searched a suspect and his vehicle. The search uncovered contraband and an illegally possessed weapon. The officers lacked probable cause to detain or search the suspect; however, a police clerk in a neighboring county had advised them that a current warrant called for the suspect’s arrest. In fact, the court had recalled the warrant. The police database did not reflect this fact. Regarding the false report as a single act of “nonrecurring and attenuated negligence,” a bare majority of the Court held that the application of the exclusionary rule was not warranted. Four Justices objected that the extension of Leon to acts of distinct but cooperating police agencies was “no occasion to further erode the exclusionary rule.” 4/ Despite the division within the Court over Herring, one thing is clear. In every Supreme Court case that has treated an officer’s reliance of erroneous information as grounds for suspending the exclusionary rule, the information has come from an unrelated and apparently reliable governmental source. 5/ In these narrow circumstances, courts may balance “the culpability of the police [against] the potential of exclusion to deter wrongful police conduct.” 6/ Within these boundaries, ordinary and “isolated negligence” normally is not enough to warrant exclusion. 7/ To apply this balancing test outside these confines, however, would open every case of a Fourth Amendment violation arising from inaccurate information supplied by fellow police officials to complicated litigation over how the balance should be struck in light of the facts of the case. Courts would need to draw a difficult line between simple negligence and “deliberate, reckless, or grossly negligent conduct,” or between “isolated” negligence and “recurring or systematic negligence.” 8/ Being unable to predict the outcome of a Fourth Amendment violation, police would have sharply reduced incentives to comply with the amendment and to seek judicial warrants. They could be tempted to avoid the dictates of the amendment by dividing up investigations so that each officer can rely on a report from a colleague rather than pursue the investigation in a more direct fashion. The resulting regime would benefit neither the public, the police, nor the courts. The novel theory that a police agency may rely on its own negligence to avoid the exclusionary rule deviates from Herring‘s express requirement that the negligence be not merely “isolated” (itself a sharply contested proposition in Robinson) but “attenuated.” 9/ As we have seen, in Herring and in every other case applying Leon to admit evidence, the negligent misstatement was attenuated in the sense that a police officer reasonably relied on plausible information from an independent government agency. In Robinson, however, the correctional facility misinformed itself. To allow such nonattenuated misconduct to escape the exclusionary rule would open the courthouse door to widespread, negligent police misconduct in violation of the Fourth Amendment. 10/ Robinson is not the only star in the expanding university of Herring. See, e.g., United States v. Song Ja Cha, No. 09-10147, 2010 WL 775238 (9th Cir. Mar. 9, 2010) (assuming, without analysis, that Herring applies to an unreasonably long, warrantless seizure of a residence to allow officers to obtain a warrant). The Supreme Court needs to arrest this inflation by explicitly confining the Leon exception to reasonable reliance by the police on generally accurate information or judgments from unrelated government officials. A police agency should not be permitted to rely on its own, negligent mistakes to escape the century-old rule of Weeks v. United States, 232 U. S. 383, 398 (1914), that “forbids the use of improperly obtained evidence at trial.” 11/ 1. Arizona v. Evans, 514 U.S. 1 (1995) (reliance on court clerk); Illinois v. Krull, 480 U. S. 340 (1987) (reliance on state statute), Herring v. United States, 555 U. S. __ (2009) (reliance on police clerk). 2. Leon, 468 U.S. at __. 3. See generally Albert W. Alschuler, Herring v. United States: A Minnow or a Shark?, Ohio St. J. Crim. L. 463 (2009); Wayne R. Lafave, The Smell of Herring, 99 J. Crim. L. & Criminology 757 (2009); The Supreme Court 2008 Term, 123 Harv. L. Rev. 153 (2009) (criticizing Herring). 4. 555 U.S. at __, __ (concurring opinion of Ginsburg, Stevens, Souter, & Breyer, JJ.). 5. See Leon (a judicial officer); Krull (a legislature whose enactments enjoy a presumption of constitutionality); Evans (judicial staff); Herring (a records clerk at another police department). 6. Herring, 555 U. S. at __. 7. Id. at __. 10. See Albert W. Alschuler, Herring v. United States: A Minnow or a Shark?, 7 Ohio St. J. Crim. L. 463, 463 (2009) (discarding the attenuation requirement “would leave most violations of the Fourth Amendment without a remedy [and] would create a regime in which courts would make most of their Fourth Amendment rulings in dictum if they decided Fourth Amendment questions at all.”). 11. Herring, 555. U.S. at __, This entry was posted in Uncategorized and tagged California Supreme Court, DNA database, DNA John Doe warrant, exclusionary rule, Herring, Robinson on March 21, 2010 by dhk3. Tres Mal Errors with DNA Evidence Get Serious: The US Department of Justice’s Amicus Brief in Haskell v. Harris Maryland v. King: The Dissent’s Ten Second Rule Maryland v. King: When Being Smart and Witty Isn’t Enough Ninth Circuit Upholds Indefinite Retention of DNA Samples: But Why Retain Them? Donovan l. martin on “Human Error, Bias, and Malfeasance” in DNA Databases and Law Reviews pvinegrad on The Oral Argument in Maryland v. King — Part III pvinegrad on The Oral Argument in Maryland v. King — Part II David H. Kaye on The Constitutionality of DNA Collection Before Conviction: An Updated Scorecard	cc/2019-30/en_head_0049.json.gz/line13137
__label__cc	0.60579	0.39421	Best 10 HTML Editors For Web Developers Murtaza \| October 12, 2018 Ever had all of your entire day’s work spoiled, all because of a faulty piece of code? The experience of seeing all the hard work getting ruined like that is not something anyone wishes to go through. So, it is obvious that you would want to prevent this from ever happening to you, and that can be done with the help of a great HTML editor. From here on, we will be taking this time to know more in-depth about HTML editors. We will be providing you with detailed information about the best HTML editors. In addition to that, we will also be going through some applications that you can install in order to get on board with HTML coding. The abbreviation HTML stands for Hyper Text Markup language. HTML has been around for a long period of time, and to this day it still is one of the most commonly used coding methods. HTML was released in the year of 1993 and is turning 25 this year. The language is still dominating the coding world. In 2014, HTML5 was released, which remains to be the most recent one. HTML5 came out with extensive support for multimedia, as well as responsive friendly code. Introduction to HTML Editors An HTML editor is a tool that is used for editing HTML of a webpage. This computer program allows the user to create, edit and track the written HTML code. Unlike normal text editors, HTML editors also offer high-level functionality along with convenience. There are also numerous HTML editors that go beyond just handling HTML, they can also handle related technologies like CSS, JavaScript, and XML. The most essential feature of an HTML editor is syntax correction. This feature is the highlight of this computer program and has been widely praised by users all across the globe. Syntax correction works like a spellchecking tool for an HTML code. Along with syntax correction, there is another important feature in an HTML editor. This feature is called syntax tracking. Syntax tracking highlights definite parts of the written code, which benefits its readability by classifying different sections. In addition to that, they also assist in inserting or autocompleting the pervasive elements of HTML. Why Do You Need An HTML editor? You can benefit a lot from Adobe Photoshop when you’re editing a picture, and from apps like Grammarly when you’re writing something because that just makes your job easier and makes things more convenient for you. In a similar fashion, an HTML editor makes the experience easier for people who code for a living. No matter how much expertise you have in this, you will be making some mistakes every now and then. Even the smallest of typos can damage the working of your HTML documents. This is exactly where HTML editors come into play. An HTML editor is a major tool in the coding world. As the time passes by, HTML editors keep on getting more and more advanced. They also provide you with a variety of options, that will definitely help you in improving your skills in coding and web development. So, the question remains. What Is The Best HTML Editor? This may appear to be a simple question, but it is not as easy at it looks. There are numerous efficient HTML editors out there. Therefore, it is pretty difficult to say which is the best one out of the lot. So, in order to make things a little easier, we will be breaking them down into two categories. Free HTML Editors: As the name suggests these HTML editors are free of cost. You can download them from the internet without having to spend a dime. Paid/Subscription Model HTML Editors: These HTML editors come at a price and are developed by the superior companies. While you have to pay in order to use them, they also come with a whole lot of more added premium features. First of all, we must take a look at some of the best free HTML editors available right now. Best Free HTML Editors Atom was first introduced in beta form in February 2014, and in such a short period of time Atom has become one of the best HTML editors out there today. The customization of Atom HTML editor is one of its key features. This HTML editor is highly customizable. Atom consists of over 7500 installable packages, that are incredibly diverse. These packages range from the simple status bar clocks to the complex JSON formatting. Atom is not something that you’ll be wanting more from, as the number of features in here are a lot. The coding is easy, user-friendly and rich-featured. In addition to that, Atom editor also consists of a large number of customizable themes. The number of themes out there that are available for download are over 2500, and it is just the official number. If you dig in deep on the website of Atom, you may find more of them. There are some amazing options that you will find when you go into the settings of Atom. One of the few cons that this HTML editor possesses is the fact that, there are not a lot of built-in added thrills. The auto-closing tags optionis missing in this tool. However, the pros of Atom editor are a lot more than the cons. The Atom editor is available on Windows 7 &later, Mac 10.8 & later, and Linux. Brackets was created by Adobe in order to bring the web developers to the new age. It is an advanced HTML Editor that is proficient in understanding web designs. Brackets also has the amazing feature of taking hints from a PSD file to improve and fasten your code writing. It is constructed for web designers and front-end developers. Brackets HTML editor comes with a standard theme, that has almost everything that you need. The most essential and popular feature of Brackets is the live preview. This feature allows you to update the page after opening a new browser window, according to whatever you add or edit in it. This feature is of major help to everyone, especially the beginner who aren’t sure about the look of their work. There are also some negatives that Brackets consists of, for example the settings page might be too complex or overwhelming for a beginner. Brackets is available for Mac, Windows, and Linux. Komodo Edit When it comes to Komodo, there are two versions of the HTML editor that are available out there – Komodo Edit and Komodo IDE. Komodo Edit is the free of cost, trimmed down version of IDE. It is open source, and free to download. There are numerous amazing features for HTML and CSS development in Komodo Edit. In addition to that, this HTML editor also provides you with the option of adding extension in order to add language support, or other key features, such as special characters. Komodo Edit might not appear as the best HTML editor to you, but it is definitely amazing when you look at the fact that it is absolutely free of cost. Also, it comes with a lot of features that you won’t normally find in free HTML editors. It absolutely excels when it comes to XML. If you’re looking for an HTML editor that is powerful, yet simple, Komodo Edit is perfect tool for you. Komodo Edit is available for Windows 7 or later, Mac 10.9 or later, Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5 or later, CentOS 6.0 or later, Fedora 18 or later, OpenSUSE 13.1 or later, SUSE Linux Enterprise 11.2 or later, and Ubuntu 12.04 or later. CoffeeCup HTML Editor There are two versions of the CoffeeCup available out there. There’s the free version of the HTML editor, and also there is the full version which comes at a cost. The free version in itself is a great product, however there are some features in the editor which can only be unlocked if you buy the full version. This tool is perfect for you if you’re a rookie when it comes to web design and development, or if you own a small business. Looking at it, it may not seem like the best HTML editor out there, with the vintage design and the fact that numerous great features are only available in the full version, the free version of this HTML editor is pretty efficient as well. The design of this HTML is a little off putting but we have to understand is that coding is not supposed to be a pretty process. There are a lot of great features that make up for the outdated appearance of this tool. For example, there is “The Components Library”, which is an amazing time saver. This feature allows you keep certain elements cohesive throughout different pages, like footers or menus. This HTML editor also has been going through plenty of developments in recent times. The CoffeeCup HTML Editor is available on all the Windows operating systems from Windows XP. Best Paid HTML Editors Now let’s take a look at some of the best HTML editors that come at a price. Adobe Dreamweaver has been around for quite some time now. This HTML editor was found in 1997, and ever since its inception it has been one of the most popular and most trusted HTML editors available. Adobe Dreamweaver has truly stood the test of time. It is a rich featured and user-friendly HTML editor. Adobe Dreamweaver comes with a whole lot of features like, support for Bootstrap 4 and PHP 7 support. It also has HTML and CSS preprocessing. The tool consists of a wide variety of elegant themes to choose from. It also comes with modern UI. Another special feature of Dreamweaver is that it allows you to see what a tag will appear like by highlighting the tag. The annual subscription of Dreamweaver costs $20.99 per month, but if you want the option to cancel it whenever you want to then you have to $31.49 per month. Adobe Dreamweaver is available on Windows and Mac. The creation of UltraEdit dates back to 1994, by the founder of IDM Computer Solutions. UltraEdit is one of the most feature packed HTML editors available. There are a number of beautiful user constructed themes available to choose from. UtraEdit also consists of the most powerful and intuitive multi-caret editing and multi selection capabilities. It has a unique search function which allows the users to easily locate any instances of code that they wish to check or edit in a quick manner. There are numerous different options in the top bar of UltraEdit which simplifies the navigation. UltraEdit is definitely one of the most complete HTML editors available right now. It is the total package. Other features of the tool also include free upgradation of the tool when the next release comes out. The tech support is unlimited and convenient. You get UC Pro, which is a useful file/folder/spreadsheet tool, free of cost. The price of UltraEdit is $99.95. UltraEdit is available on Mac, Windows, and Linux. We mentioned this before as well, it was never going to be easy to tell, which is the absolute best HTML editor right now. There are a whole lot of options to choose from. The ones that you saw above are the best ones from our perspective. On a personal level, I would recommend Atom to almost everyone, as it appears to be the best option in comparison to its counterparts. However, if you want a featured packed and more integrated experience, then Komodo Edit might be the best option for you. If you’re not in desperate need of 24/7 customer support, and a whole lot of support options, then it is better to go for a free HTML editor. With the right amount of skills and dedication, you will be on your way to becoming a master coder. Then, whether it is Brackets or UltraEdit, Atom or Dreamweaver, you will be able to create the website of your dreams. Facebook Group · 1,002 members This place for hosting geeks.Read or Write review of any of the web hosting BigRock Black Friday 2018 Discount Coupons & Deals – Upto 75% Discount Interserver Black Friday 2018 Discount Coupons & Deals – Massive 50% Discount 2018’s Top 10 VPS Hosting Services Top 10 Best WordPress Hosting Services \| Latest 2018 Guide Why Hosting Reviews Matter A Lot While Choosing A Web Host? How To Fix ‘Server DNS Address Could Not Be Found’ In Five Simple Steps Top 5 cloud hosting provider What Is The Difference Between Managed And Unmanaged Hosting?	cc/2019-30/en_head_0049.json.gz/line13138
__label__wiki	0.857219	0.857219	HomeEarly April … a new date to announce the restoration of Mosul Mosul Early April … a new date to announce the restoration of Mosul Mosul Ahmed al – Jumaili March 16, 2017 Through loudspeakers installed on the giant military Hummer vehicles, the Iraqi army began at dawn on Wednesday directed his appeals to the population Balzom homes and raise white flags above as well as its demand for the fighters of the “Islamic State” (Daesh) surrender. The army support this method to communicate and transmit the messages because the area controlled by the militants, “Daesh” no longer require throwing leaflets in its space, and has become the sound can be up to all those besieged areas completely from all directions. It is reform and Oraibi neighborhoods and Hermat and July and the container church and Mushayrifa and Industry and the gate of the Levant, and Zndjeli NAHRAWAN and Rifai and Yarmouk, which are all located in the northwestern part of the right coast of Mosul. And it gained the fighting during the past few hours character meaner, since moving fighters on both sides of the house to house and street to the alley in an apparent guerrilla war, but fought using heavy weapons instead of the medium, contrary to what was announced, military officials in Baghdad, a few days ago. And I saw neighborhoods of Nablus and the Valley of the eye and the message of violent battles, while renewed clashes inside the old Mosul after a lull continued throughout Tuesday night and Wednesday morning. Iraqi military officials confirmed that the majority of the elements of the organization “Daesh” chose to stay and fight because they are suicide bombers, and Arab and Asian nationalities. The commander of Nineveh operations, Major General Najim al-Jubouri, for “new Arab”, “The members Daesh no longer in front of them only lay down their arms or fight to the death by fire of our troops or blow themselves up,” as he put it. And that “the battle in terms of the process is over and there is no such thing as the capital of the caliphate in Mosul.” He explained that the segments of the Iraqi security forces now stands for tens of meters away from the western edge of the old bridge, which connects the center of the old area of Mosul eastern part thereof, he said, adding that “Nouri” Mosque which threw a leader of the “Daesh,” Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi, his first speech, “will be very soon under our control, in addition to historical Mosul humpback beacon, “he says. He announced the leader of the Iraqi army, Colonel Saad Khalaf, said in an interview with “new Arab”, that “the military forces of the Armored Division ninth band 16 in addition to PDF crowd gained control of the village Alajafal and residential complex in Sheikh Mohammed, the East Badush area north of Mosul.” . He pointed out that “the Iraqi army and the popular crowd forces will move in the coming hours to control the residential neighborhoods north of the western side of the city of Mosul, after controlling more than 80 percent of the area Badush space,” he said. In spite of the progress of the Iraqi forces , which seems fast in western Mosul areas, but so far no permission from the Iraqi military leadership has been issued about the time limit for the end of the fighting in western Mosul, with Iraqi Prime Minister Haider al – Abadi, he announced that “Mosul fighting in stages last “, during a press conference in his office in Baghdad on Tuesday night. He warned al-Abadi “Daesh” that they would be killed if not surrender. He said he would visit Washington next week and will meet with the US president, Donald Trump, to search him regarding the battle and its aftermath . According to field military leaders forecast that the Mosul battles definitively resolved will be the beginning of April / May next, after the completion of control most of the west side areas of the city over the next few days, and trapping of the remaining elements of the “Daesh” in small neighborhoods. With the continuing military operations in western Mosul, thousands of families were forced from western Mosul ‘s population to flee towards the south – west of Mosul areas because of the intensification of the fighting and indiscriminate shelling of mutual between Iraqi forces and elements of the “Daesh”, as well as exposure besieged families to hunger and thirst after running out of their possession of supplies since the beginning of military operations in western Mosul. The reports of international organizations relief that “the number of people displaced from areas west of Mosul has reached more than 100 thousand displaced people since the start of military operations.” They were evacuated thousands of them out of Mosul by military vehicles as they suffer from nutritional and health problems for their lack of the most basic necessities of life such as food and medicine. Iraqi security forces continued to detain hundreds of men and young people in difficult circumstances in the Hamam al-Alil area south of Mosul for the purpose of the investigation with them and make sure they do not belong to the organization, “Daesh” while allowing the family members to go on their own to the camps for the displaced in the fresh bath and Qayyarah. As a result of the worsening situation of displaced from the northern city of Mosul and the lack camps capacity to absorb more of them, they sent an Iraqi military leaders and security forces to keep the population of western Mosul areas in their homes during military operations there, in spite of the dangerous situation and the continued clashes and indiscriminate bombing mutual. Local officials in Mosul and is likely to be re-population of the liberated areas in the west of Mosul and relatively distant from the fighting zones, in the coming days, to relieve the pressure on the camps and provided relief efforts for displaced people. – See more at: https://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&hl=en&rurl=translate.google.com&sl=ar&sp=nmt4&tl=en&u=https://www.alaraby.co.uk/politics/2017/3/15/%25D9%2585%25D8%25B7%25D9%2584%25D8%25B9-%25D8%25A5%25D8%25A8%25D8%25B1%25D9%258A%25D9%2584-%25D9%2585%25D9%2588%25D8%25B9%25D8%25AF-%25D8%25AC%25D8%25AF%25D9%258A%25D8%25AF-%25D9%2584%25D8%25A5%25D8%25B9%25D9%2584%25D8%25A7%25D9%2586-%25D8%25A7%25D8%25B3%25D8%25AA%25D8%25B9%25D8%25A7%25D8%25AF%25D8%25A9-%25D8%25A7%25D9%2584%25D9%2585%25D9%2588%25D8%25B5%25D9%2584-1&usg=ALkJrhge4ANCN8ehSEj2BP9nfjBiYRYmYQ#sthash.ARIVFUdS.dpuf ← Saleh: Iraq is still within safe levels for loans Haidar Sumeri- Twitter →	cc/2019-30/en_head_0049.json.gz/line13140
__label__wiki	0.753679	0.753679	Published: 11 July, 2014, 5 years ago Last Update: May 23, 2019 8:39 pm (UTC/GMT) Countering Sex Crimes In War U.N. Plan To Counter Sex Crimes In War BRITAIN AUGMENTS UN PLANS TO COUNTER SEX CRIMES IN WAR The RINJ Foundation (Rape Is No Joke) vigorously applauded the UK team of lawyers, human rights campaigners, psychologists, forensic experts and doctors, who will gather evidence about sexual violence in war zones in support of UN teams and local charities. The initiative is expected to be in place by the end of the year. The United Kingdom will create a special rapid deployment unit to collect evidence on mass rape used as a weapon during global conflicts. The RINJ Foundation has applauded this new unit which will support the UN Action Against Sexual Violence in Conflict (UN Action) initiative which is intended to unite the work of 13 UN entities with the goal of ending sexual violence in conflict. It is a concerted effort by the UN system to improve coordination and accountability, amplify programming and advocacy, and support national efforts to prevent sexual violence and respond effectively to the needs of survivors. “The UN estimates that only 30 convictions have been made from an estimated 50,000 rapes committed during the 1990s Balkans conflict, during which sexual attacks were often used as a weapon of war and a tool of ethnic cleansing. Atrocities have also been particularly widespread in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Rwanda and theDarfur region of Sudan.” ‘The Guardian’ The RINJ Foundation The Following is a RINJ dot Org WireService.ca Press Release June 8, 2012 The RINJ Foundation thoroughly endorses the U.K. campaign. The RINJ Foundation also commends Oscar-winning actress Angelina Jolie who has come forward to endorse the U.K. Anti-Rape Campaign. Her humanitarian efforts have spanned the globe with positive renown. Angelina Jolie recently directed a movie, ‘In the Land of Blood and Honey’ which won the Producers Guild Stanley Kramer award for illuminating provocative social issues in its story about the war in the former Yugoslavian states. The Balkan war in Bosnia-Herzegovina was especially troubling after the failure of Western European Union and then the United Nations’ failure to deal with the problems, post-Tito. By the time NATO came to the rescue at least 500,000 people had been murdered in an ethnic cleansing effort of such brutality that many UN workers are disabled for life after just seeing a tiny piece of this horror. Knowing that ‘only 30 convictions have been made from an estimated 50,000 rapes committed during the Bosnian War’ should make every human weep, for if that epitomizes the state of the human species on this earth, we do not deserve this beautiful planet we seem to be soiling. If we could say that in stronger terms, we would. Not lament but repair is what the world must do. As many of those 50,000 rape survivors must be helped as a part of war reparations and every criminal-rapist who can be found must be brought to justice. There must be no statutory limitation on the prosecution of this crime. Those files are open and those perpetrators are accountable for their actions meanwhile their families and their fellow citizens are accountable for financing whatever needs the survivors might have in conjunction with the matter of their victimization by these sub-human brutes who rape. Women & Girls Daily Raped & Killed In Syria & Iraq. (Dec 2012 – Jan 22 2013) More Volunteers Needed (June 5, 2014) U.N. Plan To Counter Sex Crimes In War (July 11, 2014) Genocide Emergency – Yazidis (Aug 17, 2014) RINJ Is Building an ICC Case Against Each ISIL Rapist (Sep 3, 2014) Report A Rape Crime in a War Zone (Sep 11, 2014) https://rinj.org/documents/war-crime/ (Read Rome statute July 2002) The Plight of The Yazidi People Good News For Some Yazidi Women Women and Girls are Daily Raped and Killed In Syria. Emergency in Northern Iraq “Combattants Who Rape“ “War-Crime Defined“ The Plight of Yazidi Females in Nineveh Becoming Extreme (March 1, 2015) Islamic State Caliphate +Syria +Iraq +KRI = Failed States RINJ Foundation Says Iraq Failed To Protect Children – Yazidis (08/31/2015) https://rinj.org/documents/sinjar/ (RSAC-Sinjar Doc Repository) Pressing Need For USA and Iraq to Rejoin ICC	cc/2019-30/en_head_0049.json.gz/line13146
__label__wiki	0.809676	0.809676	Art on the Block By Bridget Newsham Chicago is one of the cultural powerhouses of the world,” muses Mark Kelly, the newly appointed Commissioner of the Department of Cultural Affairs and Special Events. “We have thousands of great artists and so we need to support our artists, we need to value our artists and then…they can…make our city a better place by bringing their art onto the streets.” Kelly is referring to the 50×50 Neighborhood Project, a Year of Public Art initiative announced by Mayor Rahm Emanuel in late 2016 to install public art in every ward in Chicago in 2017. The Year of Public Art is an initiative committed to bringing more public art into the city as a whole. It’s also, in part, a celebration of the fiftieth anniversary of two of Chicago’s most famous public art pieces: the “Chicago Picasso” in Daley Plaza and the “Wall of Respect,” a mural that once existed at 43rd Street and Langley Avenue and is largely regarded as the beginning of the community mural movement in Chicago. Both pieces introduced new forms of art into the public arena. The “Wall of Respect” brought awareness to Black artists and historical figures in a very public way, and the “Picasso” brought modern art, typically seen only in museums, into everyday life. “People were horrified when they first saw it,” Kelly said, but he now considers the Picasso one of the “most beloved” elements of Chicago’s downtown. 35 of the 50 wards in Chicago participated in the 50×50 neighborhood art initiative. Some wards either didn’t have an artist or community group propose a project, or decided not to use $10,000 of their discretionary budgets typically reserved for road resurfacing and sidewalk repair on an art project. (Julie Wu) As a part of the 50×50 program, each alderman could choose to contribute $10,000 to a public art project, which would in turn be matched dollar for dollar by the mayor’s office. Due to the nature of the funding, however, some wards opted out of the program to save their often tight budgets for what 2017 menu allotments are typically reserved for: infrastructure maintenance and more tangible improvements to their wards, such as filling potholes. As reported by the Weekly in March, some were concerned the funding would make the initiative inaccessible to some wards. At the time, thirty-eight wards confirmed participation. Out of the fifty wards, thirty-five ended up deciding to participate in the program, bringing fresh public art to a substantial portion of the city. Of the fifteen that did not participate, nine are on the South and West Sides. Proposals and completed projects range from murals to dance performances to large sculptural installations—making for an exciting combination of artwork reflecting the variety of forms that the fiftieth anniversary honors. The Weekly sat down with artists and organizers from three of the completed projects for wards on the South Side. ✶ ✶ ✶ ✶ Woodlawn Mural, 20th Ward “Woodlawn has a reputation amongst people outside of the community for being a dangerous place…I think the residents were really interested in changing that perception,” mural artist Devin Torres said. The 20th Ward’s public art installation is a mural at 65th and Dorchester. The mural, at nearly 4,200 square feet, is “a long reflection on the past and present through images and patterns.” It incorporates well-known individuals from the community, including famed Chicago musician Minnie Riperton. She’s one of the many figures and accomplishments you see as you walk along the mural to its end, which depicts modern Woodlawn using images of birdwatchers, impassioned protesters, and residents enjoying their outdoor space. Torres was the lead artist on the project. He’s a teaching artist with Green Star Movement, the nonprofit group that was selected by the Ward to complete the mural with Woodlawn. “Residents wanted to demonstrate their community has produced positive things and people in the past, and they will continue to do so in the future,” Torres said. “They wanted to show people they had something to be proud of.” The design was a collective effort of Woodlawn residents and Green Star Movement artists. Residents submitted ideas and themes they wanted to see on the wall and eventually voted on which compilation was most representative of those ideas. The choice of mosaic tile as the medium meant the mural required exceptional community participation in order to meet Woodlawn’s early October deadline. When over 1,000 volunteers ended up showing up to help throughout the process, Torres was blown away. “People would just hang out, they would cheer us on, they would bring us snacks or play music if they weren’t working on the wall,” Torres said. Why were residents so committed to this project? “Public art such as this mural has the ability to create spaces that may not exist,” Torres said. “It brings a collective idea on what a community would like to reflect about themselves and makes that [idea] clear to the world.” Pullman Mural, 9th Ward Rahmaan Barnes is a Chicago-based artist working as a muralist and graphic designer. Starting off as a graffiti artist in middle school, Barnes eventually progressed into larger scale public art projects as a teen; he has been a staple in the city’s public art community for years. Having spent his high school years in Pullman, Barnes is familiar with the challenges the community faces in terms of violence. As he approached the Pullman public art installation, he was committed to creating something that residents could be proud of—and “something to focus on to remember the brighter side of things,” Barnes said. Barnes held three community meetings to present sketches and ideas to interested residents. During this process, the railroad industry and community organizing emerged as points of pride in the community. “It was important to everyone to make it clear there was no question about what had been achieved here,” said Barnes, “and [to] pay homage to all the people who worked at [the Pullman factories] and made that success possible.” In creating the mural, Barnes enlisted over seventy high school students to assist in painting the larger portions. He wanted the mural to be a source of creative expression for the community as well as a source of continual inspiration. He wanted the process of creating the piece to be therapeutic in and of itself. “I have noticed a lot of people in our…lower income communities are lacking a creative outlet, creative expression in any way. This mural allowed for some young people to come out and fulfill that need for creativity,” Barnes said. “Having a creative outlet on a daily basis is like a mandatory mental exercise that keeps you grounded in this chaotic world we live in.” The final product, standing twelve feet high, is an expansive 160-foot sepia-toned mural depicting images of factory workers, train porters, and Barack Obama (who started out as a community organizer in the Pullman neighborhood). Barnes chose the sepia tone so it would age in a way that could be transformed over time, just as Pullman has, since many of these images were the reality of the neighborhood. When gazing at this mural, it is without question what a profound legacy the Pullman community has had on Chicago, transportation, and beyond. Pilsen Mural, 25th Ward Jason Schumer At the corner of 21st and Peoria stands an oasis known as El Paseo Community Garden. The garden is known for its monthly outdoor yoga sessions and work on monarch butterfly preservation—a butterfly famous for its journey from Mexico to the Midwest. The garden also happens to be one of the first stops on the controversial El Paseo Trail and the spot chosen for the 50×50 mural in Pilsen. Artists Eric J. Garcia, Diana Solís, and Katia Pérez-Fuentes had a large task in front of them: to design a mural that was representative of a rapidly changing community, and to honor the traditions of public art in Pilsen. The artists decided to hold three separate meetings: one for individuals who had lived in the community and participated in the garden for years, one for “the gardeners” or the main planters in the garden, and an open meeting for all residents of Pilsen. Consistent themes began emerging through these meetings: immigration, erasure of previous works and identities, environmental issues and contamination, and, of course, the butterfly. Knowing many residents were concerned the mural would be a driving force in further development and gentrification along El Paseo Trail, Garcia, Solís, and Pérez-Fuentes made sure those who had participated in the meetings felt heard and reflected in the work. “If there are things that are going up that don’t reflect you or you’re not comfortable with, it gives you a sense of who has power and who has ownership over that space,” Pérez-Fuentes said. The outcome was a 2,700 square-foot piece that took over fourteen weeks to complete. Sixty community members came out to help at an all-day community paint day, and garden organizer Paula Acevedo described the project as “a mural by the community and for the community.” The wall both alludes to and depicts the struggles and growth community members outlined as important to them. There are layers of different landscapes overlaid with barbed wire as a reference to immigration and migration, images of industry, and symbols of growth, prosperity, and community. Laid over the entire piece is a subtle, yet important, homage to murals that no longer exist—including the famed Casa Aztlan painted subtly over in gold. “There were several murals that came down while we were developing this mural,” Pérez-Fuentes said. “It was our responsibility to honor them, and ensure the people who made them would not be forgotten.” Support community journalism by donating to South Side Weekly	cc/2019-30/en_head_0049.json.gz/line13159
__label__cc	0.659629	0.340371	Tag Archive: Shouting Another Shouting Match Sunday, 25th August, 2013 Tonight, for as I write it was tonight, just 1/2 an hour ago since it started, thought by the time I finish writing it will be last night, I’ve just been involved in a confrontation with staff and a patient. This is what happened. It is now a minute past midnight, so it happened last night now. One of the rowdiest people on the ward has just started singing. I don’t appreciate it. It is Kerry. I feel weak and undermined for not daring to tell her to stop, and no one else will. I tried to have an early night, and for ages I wasn’t able to sleep. Too hot and restless. Eventually, around 10pm, I put some meditation music on, and I fell asleep to that. Soon after it finished People started shouting in their rooms, to themselves, but loudly and angrily. I don’t think it was anything to do with my music. There were two of them. I don’t think this time Kerry was one of them. I was annoyed because I had been woken up, and I have been absorbing this most of the time for about a week. Absorbing it has affected me and my level of well-being. I have felt tired and very upset and lifeless. The shouting, and the door-slamming, have been horrific. I shouted back, told them to stop, I was trying to sleep. I said they were making everyone feel so good, and finally I said one of them was mad. That is the kind of thing I have had from the staff. I am vulnerable and impressionable and exhausted. Some of the staff came round and started having a go at me, saying I should have compassion, people were ill, and people were trying to sleep. I said I was trying to sleep but I got woken up. When they adopt a tone and attitude to me the best I can do for myself is shout back, and I found myself out of control in the same way the other women were, but from me it was not tolerated. Alex said I was unbelievable and it wasn’t worth talking to me. That’s when I lost control. I said they were unbelievable, that if this could happen in here it can also happen in the community, but because I have said it is happening in the community I’ve been told it is all in my head and I have had what was my home taken from me because I am in hospital. They kept telling me I was shouting, but they were confrontational or dismissive and not letting me finish sentences and walking away in contempt. M involved herself again, saying she was going to call the police and I was waking everyone up and I should be in prison, and she got the ‘darling’ treatment, whereas I was vilified. I had Alex saying I had a high level of understanding. She had been telling me there are some ill people on the ward, and I had asked her why she was telling me that as if I was not a psychiatric patient. She said it was because I had a high level of understanding. I said just because I have a high level of understanding doesn’t mean I can go on absorbing the rubbish while they normally sit in their office and do nothing about it, other people shouting and screaming and slamming doors. I’ve started yelling at people to stop because the nurses don’t normally do anything about them, the same as they have left me to shout myself hoarse and upset. She kept going on about finding it almost impossible to work with me, but there are things she doesn’t want to hear, because I start talking and she talks over me. Kevin did it as well. One of them said they were warning me. How come even when I am upset at being woken up and trying to deal with it in the only way I felt I could, rightly or wrongly, wrongly obviously, I’ve got it from the way I have been dealt with, I am the only one of all the people who are upset who gets short shrift? Keven said he couldn’t tell what I was saying because I was shouting,but I can tell what people are saying when they shout, and when I lowered my voice he started talking over me, so I raised it again to be heard, then he told me I was shouting. When I said about doors being slammed hard Alex said the doors don’t shut quietly, as if we hadn’t already had a conversation where I had complained about Kerry and Alex had acknowledged that a lot of other people had complained. My door closes quietly. Here on Rowan 2, Highbury Hospital, Nottingham, I am being victimised and am on the wrong side of favouritism. It doesn’t work for me. I’m not going to commit suicide. But some people would. I don’t want to be driven like this just because people judge (perhaps) that there is no risk of suicide. If I get distressed to the point of being beside myself and enraged I don’t want these confrontations from the people who have been responsible for it, trying to make out I am a special case and have more understanding than the average psychiatric patient. Alex says she has often said she doesn’t think I should be here. Tags: Abuse of Power, Anger, Anti-Psychiatry, Antipsychiatry, boundaries, community, Confrontation, Contempt, Despair, Disrespect, Favouritism, Fear, Highbury Hospital, Homelessness, Human Rights, Intimidation, Mental Health, NHS, Nottingham, Post Traumatic Stress Disorder, Psychiatry, Psychology, Relationships, Rowan 2, Shouting, Sleeplessness, Suicide, women	cc/2019-30/en_head_0049.json.gz/line13162
__label__wiki	0.667014	0.667014	Pamela Romanowsky is a Brooklyn-based writer and director of short and long form content. Her first feature film The Adderall Diaries (James Franco, Ed Harris, Christian Slater) premiered at the 2016 Tribeca Film Festival and was released theatrically by A24. She has created branded content and commercials in narrative and documentary styles for diverse and passionate brands like Dove Chocolate, Refinery29 and Sotheby’s. Pamela has a passion for marrying nuanced and dynamic characters to a meaningfully stylish camera. She loves working with movie stars, young actors and non-actors equally. Pamela has been awarded several fellowships for her work, including the Sundance Institute’s Screenwriting, Directing and Female Filmmaker fellowships, the Film Society of Lincoln Center’s Artist Academy, and the Ryan Murphy Half Foundation Directing fellowship. After completing the Warner Bros. Directors’ Workshop, she is slated to direct an episode of Riverdale (CW).	cc/2019-30/en_head_0049.json.gz/line13167
__label__cc	0.608409	0.391591	The Gold Coast economy is set to be boosted by more than $12 million, with the Blues on Broadbeach Music Festival returning on 22-25th May. The award-winning festival was officially launched by the Minister for Tourism, Major Events, Small Business and the Commonwealth Games Jann Stuckey, who said the four-day major event would see 60 performers deliver more than 330 hours of free entertainment for both visitors and locals. “In 2012, Blues on Broadbeach was recognised by the LNP Government as a major event after growing into one of Queensland’s largest music festivals,” Ms Stuckey said. “Each year the highly-anticipated Blues on Broadbeach festival attracts tens of thousands of fans to the Gold Coast, offering visitors a unique beachside experience. “The Queensland Government, through Tourism and Events Queensland, is proud to support Blues on Broadbeach, which contributes to the industry goal of doubling overnight visitor expenditure from $15 billion to $30 billion by 2020. “Last year’s event is estimated to have delivered an economic impact of $12.3 million. This year’s incredible artist line-up sets the stage for a bigger and better event in 2014. “The Queensland Government’s 20-year plan for tourism, Destination Success, outlines the need to support events that drive repeat visitation to Queensland destinations. Blues on Broadbeach does just that.” Broadbeach Alliance CEO Jan McCormick said the 2014 Blues on Broadbeach Music Festival would see the Gold Coast host some of the biggest names in the Industry including DIESEL, Russell Morris, the Time of My Life band, featuring Daryl Braithwaite, Joe Camilleri, James Reyne, Ross Wilson, on outdoor stages and in venues throughout the four days and proudly the iconic event is completely free to attend. One of the largest free blues music festivals in the world, the Blues on Broadbeach Music Festival received the Best Regional Event and Best Cultural, Arts or Music Event in Queensland at the 2013 Australian Event Awards. For more information visit www.bluesonbroadbeach.com. [ENDS] 19 May 2014 Minister's Office – 0439 291 268	cc/2019-30/en_head_0049.json.gz/line13168
__label__wiki	0.811421	0.811421	Strong work in AFT’s after all the terrible things I do By Brent Eickhoff on March 21, 2016 • ( Leave a comment ) Colin Sphar and Lisa Tejero. Photo by Michael Brosilow. About Face Theatre’s Chicago premiere of playwright A. Rey Pamatmat’s after all the terrible things I do delivers on the company’s promise to produce plays that “advance the national dialogue on sexual and gender identity.” Pamatmat’s work, exploring themes of forgiveness, gender roles and second chances, offers up a host of compelling questions that actors Lisa Tejero and Colin Sphar, led by AFT Artistic Director, Andrew Volkoff, dig into with commitment and honesty. As a result of their combined efforts, after all the terrible things I do is a highly polished and authentic two-hander brimming with humor, mystery and drama. “Honesty can be difficult,” Linda (Tejero) tells Daniel (Sphar) early in the play, during a job interview. Linda is the owner of a small bookstore in an unnamed Midwest town, and Daniel, a gay writer and recent college graduate, has returned home to finish his first novel and start fresh with an unassuming job at his favorite childhood bookseller. The beginning of their relationship is amiable, but Linda’s words, combined with the play’s mildly direful title, serve as an omen of events to come. Over the course of the play’s hour-and-forty-minute run time, Daniel and Linda are forced to confront the harsh realities of their pasts, as secrets once hidden come spiraling to the surface. Sphar and Tejero show considerable talent in crafting and grounding their characters. Sphar’s Daniel is fraught with passion and confusion, yet tempered with an eager charm that gives way to naive optimism. Tejero’s Linda is similarly multifaceted, capturing both a fierce maternal instinct to protect and a deep yearning for absolution. Each performance is infused with humor, and director Volkoff smartly mines the comedy in early scenes to help with each character’s likability. Volkoff stages the piece naturalistically, with real attention paid to letting the characters and their words carry the bulk of the story. He also isn’t afraid to embrace silence while pacing the storytelling, and some of the fullest moments on stage occur when Daniel and Linda communicate non-verbally. Even transitions between scenes are leisurely and give the audience time to breathe and reflect. Sound designer Christopher Kriz’s original music fills such transitions, but doesn’t always advance the mysterious tone of the story. Most compositions stay contemporary and light, until a marked shift after a major revelation halfway through the play, when the songs become slightly more dissonant and more aptly capture the characters’ internal tensions and the story’s mysteries. Chelsea Warren’s scenic design is detailed and lived in, complete with towering wooden bookcases and a bulletin board advertising fall festivals and lost cats. The bookstore has a certain familiarity to it; I was reminded of Wicker Park’s Myopic Books when I first took a seat in the theater. While realistic, the height of the bookcases’ architecture also provides a wonderful canvas for expression in moments when Jared Gooding’s lighting design transforms the space with luminous blues and reds. Even subtle details like the three featured books on display downstage left (Deepak Chopra’s Path to Love, Anita Shreve’s Light on Snow and Tony Earley’s Jim the Boy) serve to reinforce the play’s concerns with love, memory and coming-of-age. While each character is richly drawn by both playwright and actor, the focus of the story is a bit muddier, and at times it feels like Volkoff, Tejero and Sphar can’t help but play the ending. The play’s title is a reference to a line from poet Frank O’Hara, who serves as an inspiration for Daniel’s novel. That poem, much like Pamatmat’s play, is concerned with how the past informs the present, humans’ capacity for love and forgiveness, and the interconnected nature of both. Thematically, this all makes sense; however, the titular “terrible things” telegraphs to the audience the fact that these ordinary people may have darkness lurking within them long before the true mystery of the play begins. While not necessarily detrimental to the overall success of Volkoff’s production, there were certainly times where I–and other audience members whispering around me–seemed more alert to some of the clues in Pamatmat’s dialogue than would have been ideal. That isn’t to say that the play wasn’t still full of surprises. However, that alertness did take some of the edge off my experience, although it doesn’t entirely seem to be the fault of this otherwise capable production. after all the terrible things I do is presented by About Face Theatre at Theater Wit (1229 W. Belmont Ave.) March 18-April 10. Other production team members are Bob Kuhn (costume design), Jenny Pinson (props), and Dana Nestrick (stage manager). Performances run Thursdays and Fridays at 7:30pm, Saturdays at 3pm and 7:30pm, and Sundays at 3pm. Tickets ($20-35) are available online, by calling 773-975-8150, or at the Theater Wit box office. Categories: Stages, Theater R.O.W.E. Week 11: A Posting Hiatus Cole Theatre’s The Bachelors Would Be Better Off Remaining Single Took place on July 18, 2019 from 7:00 pm	cc/2019-30/en_head_0049.json.gz/line13176
__label__wiki	0.833904	0.833904	by verian July 25, 20189:06 pm November 29, 2018 Best Albums of 1981 – Full List 1981 was a strange year in music for me. I had was coming out of a rock only phase and embracing some of the music I liked but wouldn’t admit that I liked. Below is a list of my top albums for 1981, some from the time they were released and some in retrospect, that I discovered later. It is all, as always, just my opinion and if you think there is glaring omission then tell me. 45 Bangkok Shocks, Saigon Shakes, Hanoi Rocks – Hanoi Rocks This may not be viewed as an auspicious start but in 1981 I was 14 and this sort of thing still appealed to me. I actually saw them a couple of years later and they weren’t all that good to be honest, but about 5 albums later they did a great Creedence Clearwater Revival cover so they are sort of here on the strength of that. I had always thought they were from Sweden, but I just looked it up and it turns out they are from Finland, I wasn’t far off. So below is the track ‘Tragedy’ taken from this album and I’m not recommending it, I don’t think it’s very good. This is a terrible way to start a best of year, sorry. 44 Future Shock – Gillan I really should have listened to this again before including it, one of the lyrics is a contender for worst ever, it’s in the video below, see if you can spot it, it’s early on. So I did really like Gillan before this album, and there were parts of this I liked as well, at the time, but I can pinpoint this release as the point where I completely lost interest in him, being annoyed when he fronted Black Sabbath at Reading Festival a few years later, where once I may have been intrigued. I do realise that I’ve just said that the first two albums on this best of list aren’t very good. Let’s just accept that they are here mostly due to nostalgia and move on 43 Mob Rules – Black Sabbath Changing your singer can be a difficult thing to pull off, but Sabbath managed it by becoming a different band to some extent. The predecessor to Mob Rules, Heaven And Hell, was a triumph, this album ever so slightly less so but still containing some great rock tracks and, in ‘Sign Of The Southern Cross’ an epic. It’s down below, you can listen to it if you like. From opener Turn Up The Night to the closing track, Over and Over, you know what you are in for and the two albums fronted by Ronnie James Dio may not be as venerated as those by Ozzy Osbourne but they are part of the Sabbath catalogue and shouldn’t be ignored. 42 Lord Upminster – Ian Dury This is a long way from being the best album Dury released. I wrote about it Here and gave it a rating of 6.4, which is low for me. The album recording was a shambles with Dury writing the songs on the flight to Jamaica to record with Sly and Robbie. It’s not the method to get his best work but it did result in ‘Spsticus Sutisticus’ which is still one of my faviouroite Dury tracks. The Body Song is pretty good as well. If you were looking for an introduction to the work of Dury then start elsewhere would be my advice. 41 Marauder – Blackfoot I loved Blackfoot and this was and still is what I consider to be their best album. If you haven’t heard them then to find them you would be looking in the category ‘Southern Rock’ alongside the likes of Lynyrd Skynyrd (who lead singer Ricky Medlocke later joined). I went to see them at the Hammersmith Odeon and it was a great show with tracks taken from this and their previous two albums, Strikes and Tomcattin’. They plyed what the fans wanted to hear and, from my position in the balcony, I enjoyed every minute of it. 40 Intensities in 10 Cities – Ted Nugent I don’t necessarily agree with his politics, but I knew about none of that when I was buying his albums from the late 70’s and early 80’s. This was a live album, ten songs s suggested by the title, that weren’t on any of the studio albums. I no longer have a copy but I my pick one up if I see it cheap as I loved it at the time, and pretty much everything that preceded it, well, I was probably the target demographic at the time. 39 Fair Warning – Van Halen The first Van Halen album is one of the best debuts in the genre and the two subsequent albums hd their highlights, but it was this, their fourth, where they managed to again put together a consistently good album that drew on everything they had done before but moved them forward. Unfortunately, after this, they were done. The next album, Diver Down, was dreadful and 1984, while it no doubt made them a lot of money, didn’t sit well with me as it just had too many keyboard driven tracks. This, for me, was the pinnacle of their development as a band and everything after was pale by comparison. 38 Diary of a Madman – Ozzy Osbourne Ozzy made two great albums, this and its predecessor, Blizzard of Ozz. There’s nothing particularly wrong with the albums that followed but after the death of guitarist Randy Rhodes the songs just never seemed s good to me. Opening with Over the Mountain it starts strong and maintains that all the way through to the final track. The image is bollocks of course and I tend to ignore all that in favour of the music itself, which most who like this sort of music would agree is right up there with the best. 37 Walk Under Ladders – Joan Armatrading And now for a change of pace. I have said many times that the work of Jon Armatrading is under-appreciated, because it is. The re-sale value of her many early albums is between £1 and £2 generally, which demonstrates that there is no real demand for it. The opener, I’m Lucky, was the single from the album, and is possibly it’s best known track, but there are others here worth exploring, such as The Weakness In Me, a beautiful song. 36 Signals, Calls, and Marches – Mission of Burma An album that I discovered later based on hearing the brilliant opening track That’s When I Reach For My Revolver that I my well have first heard as a cover version by Graham Coxon of Blur. It my well be considered an E.P in certain catalogues but I’m including it as an album, because I can, and it is more than worthy of inclusion. 35 The Electric Spanking of War Babies – Funkadelic I don’t know that much about Funkadelic really but I like this, even though it is not, from what I know and have read, the peak of their output it still has a really good feel about it. It was the last album from them that included George Clinton. As one would hope it is as funky as hell and although the title of the album sounds like gibberish it is, apparently a reference to the vietnam war. Warner Bros. didn’t want to release this Funkadelic record as a double album, so George Clinton whittled it down to a single disc. It also wouldn’t approve the Pedro Bell cover art of a naked woman inside a phallic spaceship: Bell covered most of it up with a big splash of green and the message “OH LOOK! The cover that “THEY” were TOO SCARED to print!” 34 Tattoo You – The Rolling Stones There are people who like anything the Stones release, I’m not one of them, generally I find most of their albums to be patchy, certainly those after the 70’s. This album was culled from about 10 years of outtakes so that they had an album out to coincide with their 1981 American tour. It opens with Start Me UP, which I seem to remember was the first of their songs to be used in an advert, for Windows 98. The album closes with Waiting on a friend, which sounds better without the visuals in the video below I think! Everything in-between is perfectly acceptable but doesn’t shine like the aforementioned tracks. 33 Raise! – Earth, Wind & Fire How could anybody resist album opener Let’s Groove, it is a classic by almost anybody’s standards and the soulful grooves and pop hooks carry on throughout the album. They have been described as one of the most innovative and commercially successful bands of all time with Rolling Stone calling them “innovative, precise yet sensual, calculated yet galvanizing” and declared that the band “changed the sound of black pop”. All this is probably true. 32 Dance – Gary Numan This was not, in my opinion, one of Numans best releases. While it had the hallmarks of his previous work it always sounds to me as though he was drawing too heavily on the sound of Japan, the band not the country. This is perhaps not that surprising as Japan Bassist, Mick Karn, plays on much of the album, and plays well, but it doesn’t all fit together that well as a whole for me. If you look at the previous three albums, Replicas, The Pleasure Principle and Telekon, then this doesn’t stand up well against them, not that it is a bad album as such, more that it suffers from the legacy of these other albums. This was a time when you could measure the success of an album by how many singles were released from it, this had one. There is a Top 50 Gary Numan that I did, the best track from this was in at 47. 31 Abacab – Genesis I feel a bit mean sticking this at number 31 but console myself with the knowledge that it is here at all. I really liked predecessor Duke, but for me this marks the decline of the groups musical output, and to some extent the end of my association with them. After this album, which I will very occasionally listen to, the others that follow are pretty much dead to me. The album was released with four different embossed covers simultaneously across the country, all depicting the same collage but with the paper shapes in different colors. The four different cover variants are usually identified by the colour of the largest upper shape adjacent to the title lettering; this shape being coloured navy blue, red, peach, and yellow. The album sold a lot, there were several singles taken from it and many people love it. I don’t, I find it listenable. The whole back catalogue is discussed and rated here: Genesis – Not with a bang but with a whimper 30 Dare – The Human League Possibly the most unavoidable song of 1981 was taken from this album, Don’t You Want Me? which, if memory serves me correctly, was at Number 1 in the singles charts for 103 weeks that year. Five of the ten tracks were released as singles and all were hits to different degrees. I think that this was right place, right time, right sound as it seamlessly aligned with the zeitgeist of 1981. The only thing I’d really heard of theirs before this was Being Boiled, which is a completely different proposition to this more pop oriented chart friendly feast. 29 Non-Stop Erotic Cabaret – Soft Cell I had pretty much discounted this album but a couple of months ago I went to see Jools Holland at Warwick Arts Centre and Marc Almond came on and did a few songs, he was much better than I expected and I picked up a cheap copy of this from the used record store as a result. I don’t like all of it to be honest, but it is a solid release, including Bedsitter, included below, which I’d completely forgotten about. Obviously the two big singles were the Gloria Jones Cover ‘Tainted Love’ ans ‘Say Hello, Wave Goodbye’ but there’s plenty more here to like. Extra kudos as the album was created on a very low budget; it was supposedly recorded almost entirely with a ReVox tape recorder, a borrowed Roland drum machine belonging to Kit Hain, a small, preset Roland bass synthesizer, and an NED Synclavier, belonging to producer Mike Thorne. 28 Trust – Elvis Costello Costello’s original intent with Trust was to cross the melody of Armed Forces with the rhythm of Get Happy!! The songs on the album dealt with a general sense of disenchantment he felt during the time, with the recent election of the Conservative government as well as tensions within his first marriage, which gave them an overall cynical tone. As a result, the general lyrical content of the songs describe a world that is essentially the opposite of what the album title implies. Earlier working titles were “Cats and Dogs” and “More Songs About Fucking and Fighting” The singles released from this album weren’t hits, the highest chart position being #60 but this is not an indication of quality in this instance, the writing and performances are of the highest order. 27 Wha’ppen? – The Beat NME named this the 4th best album of 1981, they were wrong, however, despite it’s lack of hit singles it is still a jolly fine album, with a mellower sound and, arguably, better song writing than its predecessor. I’d argue against that to be honest though. I saw The Beat supporting P.I.L at Oxford O2 a little while back and they were really good, although missing Dave Wakelin. Rankin Roger did a wonderful job, with his son, of fronting the band. I don’t remember them playing any tracks from this album though. 26 Still – Joy Division Still is a 2 LP compilation album consisting of previously released and unreleased studio material and a live recording of Joy Division’s last ever concert, performed at Birmingham University. It was released on 8 October 1981 by Factory Records, and was intended to both combat the trade in bootlegs and give fans access to recordings that were not widely available at the time. It’s Joy Division, so of course it’s good. My main complaint is that the cover is a sort of cardboard material and seems designed to become increasingly crap over time, well my copy has at least. Oh, and no, Love Will Tear Us Apart isn’t on it. 25 La Folie – The Stranglers Yes, it’s the one with Golden Brown on it, which is a fabulous track in itself but you get all the other tracks as well, a bonus! I’ve just had a look and I have seven Stranglers albums, without doubt the first two are my favourites, with their debut being top of this list, and by the time this came out I had cooled on them somewhat but despite not necessarily fitting in with anything that proceeded it, Golden Brown is so good it drew me back in. 24 Tom Tom Club – Tom Tom Club This may appear to be a rather controversial choice at first, but it is husband-and-wife team Tina Weymouth and Chris Frantz, who are both also known for being members of Talking Heads, and, to be quite frank, this is a great album of its time. Wordy Rappinghood, Genius of Love, a cover of Under The Boardewalk, what the hell more could you possibly want? Listen to it, love it! Ram sam sam, a ram sam sam Guli guli guli guli guli ram sam sam Haykayay yipi yaykayé Ahou ahou a nikichi 23 Controversy – Prince The fourth album from Prince, and the one prior to real breakout 1999, or it was from my perspective as this album didn’t touch the UK charts. While not eschewing the overtly sexual lyrics of earlier releases, it adds different subject matter such as religion, work, nuclear war and Abscam (this was an FBI sting operation). There were four singles drawn from the album, the title track, Sexuality, Let’s Work and Do Me, Baby. Again, the UK charts were not particularly trouble by these but it is still one of the better albums in the Prince catalogue. 22 Discipline – King Crimson I know this is not everybody’s favourite King Crimson period but I’m really rather fond of the trilogy of this, Three of a Perfect Pair and Beat. The musicianship is masterful, the song construction complicatedly wonderful and I find it highly listenable. It certainly isn’t for everyone, I can see that, but having bought this on its release I’ve been listening to it for nearly 40 years (which seems ridiculous to me) and I am yet to grow tired of it. 21 Shot of Love – Bob Dylan Dylan albums are often patchy, usually from a production or performance perspective, rarely from a songwriting perspective and this album is no exception. It has good songs throughout and it ends with, I believe, one of Dylan’s very best in Every Grain Of Sand, but not this version. The version from Bootlegs Volume 1 -3 is far superior but the song is the song and it’s on here and it is quite brilliant. I couldn’t find a studio version so below is a later live version but I recommend visiting your favourite streaming service and giving it a proper listen. 20 No Sleep ’til Hammersmith – Motörhead This is an album that, back in the day, I really wanted. A friend had it and we played it LOUD! But only at his house when everybody was out. While Motorhead had a long career and put out a lot of albums, for me it is everything leading up to this live album that is the best they ever did. Everything after this doesn’t really hold much interest for me at all. Here we have Ace Of Spades, Bomber, Motorhead, all live all brilliant on one of the best live rock albums ever pressed to vinyl. 19 Evangeline – Emmylou Harris This isn’t a very good album. So why is it up here at number 19 then? Well, Mr. Sandman and a reworking of Robbie Robertson’s haunting “Evangeline” with outstanding harmonies from Dolly Parton raise it up as does “Spanish Johnny,” sung with Waylon Jennings, and a dazzling version of the standard “How High the Moon” The rest is not good at all but those 4 tracks are wonderful. 18 Stray Cats – Stray Cats I liked the Stray Cats at the time but wouldn’t admit it to anybody and I’ve gone back and listened to a lot of their tracks in the last few years. This, their debut, was released following two hit singles “Runaway Boys” and “Rock This Town,” both energy filled rockabilly songs that hearkened back to the 1950s era of pure rock & roll. It was a high watermark for them in terms of chart success but it was a very good period for them with “Stray Cat Strut” being released as the third single and doing well. It’s rockabilly, but has elements of The Clash in places and even the odd bit of 2 Tone. Don’t dismiss it, give it a listen, it’s really good. 17 Go for It – Stiff Little Fingers I think everybody knows by now that Green Day are basically a Stiff Little Fingers tribute band, don’t they? This album was a bit of a progression for them and I think it’s fair to say that the previous albums contain their better known songs, but this is a solid pop-punk release that pre-dates what is essentially a revival in the 90’s by a decade. There is that scene in the film High Fidelity that references SLF, and it’s there because it’s right. Enough of that though, really good album, really good band. 16 For Those About to Rock We Salute You – AC/DC After Back In Black, the return with a new frontman, Brian Johnson, following the death of Bon Scott, I had low-ish expectations of this. Back in Black is an almost perfect rock album, so how could they possibly even come close to doing it again? Well they did, FTATR is about 0.001% off being as good as Back In Black, the width of a fag paper. After this, I completely lost interest, there is a possibility that they reached the heights of these two albums again but I somehow doubt it. 16 Talk Talk Talk – The Psychedelic Furs I initially discovered the album Forever Now in 1982 and worked my way backwards through the two prior releases and loved all three of them. While this album does contain probably their best known track in Pretty In Pink, it has much better songs on it and there was a period where one of the first three albums took up the majority of turntable time and any mix tape I made had a track from one of the albums on it. Things dropped off a bit quality wise in future years but those first three albums are just wonderful. 15 Movement – New Order “Movement exists almost exactly in between Joy Division’s post-punk sound and the synth-pop style that would come to define New Order ” – Slant Magazine. It’s true, it does, probably because it was the first release of the band after the demise of Joy Division and contains tracks they worked on from that earlier period. It’s also quite difficult to just suddenly become something else and it wasn’t until the next album that the more Synth laden sound really emerged. On a few of the tracks one could imagine Ian Curtis taking the lead vocal and it fitting in seamlessly with the Joy Division catalogue, and on some, well, no. 14 Juju – Siouxsie & the Banshees The very first track I heard by Siouxsie & the Banshees was, I think, The Staircase (Mystery) which would have been 1979 and then heard debut single Hong Kong Garden after that. I loved it from the beginning and was still buying albums in 1991. This one, their 4th, contains a couple of absolute stunners in Spellbound and Arabian Nights, which were the singles taken from it. The other tracks are no slouches and it is a good album from start to finish It is, for me, one of those albums where the singles draw you in and there is plenty more to discover once you step over the threshold. 13 Almost Blue – Elvis Costello and the Attractions The first album released in this year, the second being Trust, which I remember causing a bit of fuss at the time as it just wasn’t what people were expecting. It is basically a country album. I remember watching TOTP and thinking, ‘WTF is this?’ as they performed A Good Year For The Roses, and it was only later that I came to appreciate just how good a song it was, and still is. The songwriting is strong throughout with Tonight The Bottle Let Me Down and Success being a couple of highlights for me. 12 Face Value – Phil Collins This is an album of songs built around the emotions felt when separating or going through a divorce. It is honest, and sometimes it feels like an open wound, but it launched a ridiculously successful solo career for Collins when, originally, he had never intended to release the songs as a solo album at all. It is very much in the Duke camp, sonically, ratyer than aligning with Abacab that was released by Genesis in ’81, incuding as it does, Behind the Lines, which also appears on the former. Solo albums can often be rather disappointing affairs but Collins really hits the mark, and keeps hitting in throughout every song on this album. 11 My Life in the Bush of Ghosts – Brian Eno & David Byrne The first time I ever listened to this was last year whenI saw a copy at a record fair, bought it, took it home and played it right away. It is a load of samples of snippets of radio broadcasts and Middle Eastern music set against percussive, repetitive mind-funk and is an undeniably incredible feat of tape editing and rhythmic ingenuity. It’s an album for listening to, the sort of thing you give your attention to, and, to me, listening to it so many years after its release, well, it still sounds new. 10 Japan – Tin Drum Having just listened to this I may now be regretting putting it at 14, the track Ghosts alone is forcing me to rethink, and that’s without even considering Visions of China. Yes, I got it wrong, I’m moving it. As you can see, it is now in the top 10. I remember seeing Japan on the news and there was no interest in the music, it was all about whether David Sylvian was a man or a woman, absolutely ridiculous looking back on it now. This was to be their last proper release, and it was a high point to go out on. 9 Heaven Up Here – Echo & the Bunnymen This is the second album from The Bunnymen and an album album, by which I mean it isn’t singles album. It had a couple but they aren’t particularly well known. It is a collection of really very good songs, but is perhaps the least accesible of their catalogue. All Of My Colours is a particular favourite of mine but it is a solid collection and well worth digging out if you’ve not given it a listen before. 8 Wilder – The Teardrop Explodes There was a time, not that long ago, where this album would have been higher up in a chart of 1981 but it definitely would always have been higher than the album that proceeds it at number 9. There was a rivalry between the two bands and I always sided with the Teardrops. Time changes things though and, while I still love it, I can see with a wider lens nowadays and appreciate this album while understanding that those albums that follow it in this chart, by small margins, deserve to be where they are. 7 Ghost in the Machine – The Police This was at number 12 but I just listened to it again after not having done so from start to finish for quite some time, I’d forgotten just how good it is. So now it is here. Critically it has been well regarded over the years, In 2000 Q magazine placed Ghost in the Machine at number 76 in its list of the 100 Greatest British Albums Ever. In 2012 the album was ranked number 323 in Rolling Stone magazine’s list of The 500 Greatest Albums of All Time, the band’s highest-ranking work on the list. Pitchfork Media ranked it at number 86 in their list of the 100 Greatest Albums of the 1980s. It will appear again further up this list, well part of it will. 6 Red – Black Uhuru This is quite a recent discovery for me. I’d heard of them but it was not until I bought a job lot of random 7″ singles that I listened to them. Then I bought this only a couple of weeks ago and like it so much that it appears all the way up here at number 6. Black Uhuru were formed in 1974 in Kingston, Jamaica. They are one of the most popular reggae acts ever and were the first to win a Grammy. Founded by Derrick “Duckie” Simpson, Don Carlos and Rudolph “Garth” Dennis they rose to international fame in the ’80s, when they were joined by the rhythm section of Sly Dunbar & Robbie Shakespeare and aldo Michael Rose as leadsinger. Since I bought this it has hardly been off the turntable. 5 The Flowers of Romance – Public Image Ltd. This is nasty, menacing, head-spinning music built mostly around the drum patterns and it is really very different to anything else that was around at the time. It had little bass, possibly as Jah Wobble had departed at this point and what bass duties there were had to be taken up by guitarist Keith Levine. It’s a challenging record, but if all music was easy then it would be boring as hell. I have to say that I need to be in the right mood to listen to this, usually a fairly dark one 4 Faith – The Cure A dark record, which is one would think the opposite mood in relation to the album title, if you have it, it would be joyous surely, so we can conclude that here there is a search or a loss or a complete absence. There was a desire from Robert Smith for the songs to sound funereal and several studios were tried before Morgan Studios provided the required atmosphere. The front cover, designed by former and future member Porl Thompson, is a picture of Bolton Priory in the village of Bolton Abbey in the fog,just ic case you had ever wondered. There was only one single taken from the album, ‘Primary’, have a listen, it’s brilliant. 3 Moving Pictures – Rush There are many reasons why this particular album appears so high up the chart, one of which is that I saw the band at Wembley during this period and it was one hell of a gig, also it contains one of my favourite rock instrumentals, YYZ, named after the international code for Toronto airport. Also, opening track, Tom Sawyer, is still a firm favourite of mine. I did a top 50 Rush songs and it did rather well in that. The musicianship, writing and performance is spot on and the resulting album is still regarded as one of their best. 2 Computer World – Kraftwerk Anything by Kraftwerk is going to figure pretty highly in any chart I put together and this is no exception. Pocket Calculator is still one of my favourite tracks, possibly because it is actually rather simple and humorous, to me, which is not something people generally expect from them. I’m the operator of my pocket calculator. They were amazing things at the time, computers you could carry in your pocket, amazing, and everybody spelt 80085 on it as well of course, which was its main purpose. You know those old films where jetpacks and flying cars are supposedly the future? With this album Kraftwerk had a narrower focus and give us their vision of what was going to happen to music and to the world, it really is rather prophetic. 1 Nightclubbing – Grace Jones For some this may be quite a surprise, but Grace Jones has been vastly underrated over the years and, at times, even mocked. There’s a video on youtube where she is introduced by Paverotti on stage to sing a duet and the crowd actually laughed, and then she sang. I’ll pop it down below, judge for yourself. In 1980, Jones headed to Compass Point Studios in Nassau, Bahamas to work with producers Alex Sadkin and Island Records’ president Chris Blackwell, along with top session musicians and the renowned reggae duo of Sly & Robbie. The album they created has a clear influential link to Lady Gaga, Rihanna, Nicki Minaj, M.I.A., Grimes, FKA twigs, and more. It can alos be felt in the work of Massive Attack, Todd Terje, Gorillaz, Hot Chip, and LCD Soundsystem, they all owe a debt to the template set down by Jones on this album. 5 of the tracks were cover versions ( Not included on the original album is a brilliant version of Tubeway Army’s “Me! I Disconnect From You”) and Jones owns them all, inhabiting the songs as though they never belonged to anybody else. There’s Walking in the Rain by Flash in the Pan, Demolition Man by The Police, Use Me by Bill Withers, Nightclubbing by Iggy Pop and I’ve seen that face before, a reworking of Astor Piazzolla’s “Libertango”. In such company it would seem an almost impossible proposition to write an original that could stand shoulder to shoulder with them, but we have Pull Up To The Bumper which, it could be argued, outshines them all. This is a a brilliant and influential album that, in my opinion, could sit nowhere else but at the top spot.	cc/2019-30/en_head_0049.json.gz/line13177
__label__wiki	0.805255	0.805255	Thousands Protest Migrants In Eastern Europe: ‘Islam Will Be The Death Of Europe!’ [Video] POLITICAL NEWS, WORLD NEWS Europeans take to the streets by the thousands protesting the influx of Muslim migrants into their country. Protesters carried banners reading “Islam will be the death of Europe!” What will it take for Americans to take a stand to protect our country! Obama’s plan to import 10,000 Syrian refugees will cost U.S. taxpayers $130 MILLION PER YEAR, according to projections from Heritage Foundation scholar Robert Rector. Extended out over the next 50 years, these additional 10,000 migrants would cost U.S. taxpayers $6.5 BILLION over the course of the migrants’ lifetime. This $6.5 billion expenditure to provide community services, education, health, welfare and retirement costs to 10,000 migrants comes in addition to the approximately $13.5 billion in foreign aid to Middle Eastern nations that United States taxpayers sent in 2013. With Obama relocating Muslim immigrants into the United States at a rate of 100,000 per year, those communities that are targeted for new arrivals are seeking information about their new neighbors, only to be denied by federal bureaucrats and their hired contractors. List Of 190 Cities Where Obama Is Dumping Thousands Of Syrian Muslim Refugees From Khan Zahid writing at Saama: BRATISLAVA: Thousands of people joined anti-migrant protests in three eastern European capitals on Saturday after leaders from the Czech Republic, Poland and Slovakia opposed an EU scheme to fix refugee quotas. In the Polish capital Warsaw, nearly 5,000 people, many chanting anti-Islamic slogans, marched through the city, an AFP correspondent said. “Islam will be the death of Europe”, one of the banners said. Organizers claimed the demonstration drew 10,000 people but police refused to confirm the figure. “We’re here so that the government hears our voice and abandons any plans to welcome Muslims,” shouted one of the organisers after starting the march with prayers which identified the participants as Roman Catholics. Members of far-right fringe parties and football supporters chanted “Poles against migrants” and “Migrants today, terrorists tomorrow”. Another thousand or so joined a “Welcome refugees” rally in favour of hosting migrants in Poland, a strongly Catholic EU member state which has a population of 38 million and has seen hardly any newcomers arriving, despite Europe experiencing its biggest movement of people since World War II. BRUSSELS — Border agents are so busy dealing with the record number of migrants entering the European Union that they can no longer screen people properly, leaving them to slip deeper into the EU unidentified, Europe’s border agency Frontex said Tuesday. In its migration analysis for 2015, Frontex said resources are focused on migrants’ “immediate care, rather than screening or obtaining information on their basic characteristics such as nationality.” These are the migrants that Obama is bringing to the United States, and many are Islamic extremists. What is the screening process to ensure they are not carrying infectious diseases, so far little to no information is being provided. Newer PostHillary Clinton Email Storage Company Released Shocking News Older PostSHOCK REPORT: US Military ‘Misplaced’ Samples Of Deadly Viruses [Video]	cc/2019-30/en_head_0049.json.gz/line13187
__label__wiki	0.585978	0.585978	Gunmen kill 28-year-old Lagos engineer after robbing mother Oluwaseun David, a 28-year-old engineer, a resident of Babs Ladipo Street, New Oko-Oba, Lagos State, was the ideal child any family would desire – passionate, intelligent, hard-working and admirable. Sadly, the graduate of Yaba College of Technology left behind those sterling qualities last Sunday when some armed robbers attacked his mother’s shop in front of their residence and shot him dead. Saturday PUNCH learnt that the three-man robbery gang on a motorcycle stormed the street around 9pm that evening during a downpour, which kept most people indoors. It was gathered that David’s mother, who sells confectionery, was packing loaves of bread into the shop when two of the robbers came down from the bike and confronted her. They were said to have dispossessed her of all she had made from her sales for the day. During the incident, a relative of the woman who was around the shop reportedly rushed into the compound to alert the residents. David, popularly known as Theogas, was said to have rushed out to know if her mother was safe when one of the assailants shot him in the neck and fled the scene. He gave up the ghost while being taken to Agege-Orile General Hospital, Lagos. The grief that trailed the tragic incident was still intense during our correspondent’s visit to the deceased’s family on Wednesday. A banner with the inscription, “We celebrate your life, Oluwaseun Theophilus David (Theogas),” hung in front of the shop in memory of the late engineer. David’s younger sister, Blessing, who spoke on behalf of her distraught parents, said the incident had dealt a devastating blow to the family. She said David might have survived if he had been given prompt medical attention, noting that he was rejected in the first private hospital he was taken to because the doctor was not around. She said, “Around 9pm last Sunday, some robbers attacked my mother in her shop and took away all she had made from her sales at gunpoint. She sells bread, recharge cards and drinks. It was raining heavily and she was packing bread into the shop when the robbers came. “They were three in number and they came on a motorcycle. Two of them followed my mum into the shop. They checked different spots she kept her money within the shop and emptied everything. It was like they already knew where she kept her money. “There was no resistance. One of my cousins with her at the shop ran into the compound, shouting ‘thief, thief!’ My brother (David) rushed downstairs. As he was about to go out of the gate, one of the robbers shot him in the neck. “We took him to two private hospitals which rejected him. We were told in one of the hospitals that doctor was not around. We then took him to Ahmadiyya General Hospital which referred him to the Orile-Agege General hospital. He died on the way there.” Blessing described Seun as a promising and intelligent youth, noting that his death was a huge loss to the family. “He was a graduate of electrical engineering. People contracted him for electrical installations and he ran a gas station called Theogas,” she added. David’s neighbour, Mrs. Omobolanle Oladeji, spoke in tears while sharing the fond memories she had with him, lamenting how she would sorely miss him. She said, “He was a nice person. He was ready to go the extra mile to make people happy. I’ve lost count of the number of times he rendered help to me. When I wasn’t around, he would pick my children from school. And that was how he was generous to everybody. Maybe the robbers thought he knew them.” A resident, who spoke on condition of anonymity, said the street had become notorious for robberies lately, thereby creating panic in the minds of residents. He said, “Recently, during the governorship primary, hoodlums with guns paraded the street in the afternoon. People had to run to safety. One woman was receiving a call; they pointed a gun at her and collected the phone. “For three weeks now, there have been cases of phone snatching in this area. We are now living in fear both day and night. I can no longer walk on the street with my phones.” A community leader, who spoke on condition of anonymity for security reasons, said the street had become vulnerable to attacks, urging the police to come to their rescue. He said, “Thugs have been terrorising people day and night, moving around with guns. We are not safe. The police should come to our rescue. We can’t bear this anymore.” The troubled area is under the jurisdiction of the Oko-Oba Police Station. A businessman, who lives on Sam Fakayode Close, New Oko-Oba, said his house had been attacked four times adding that the robbers succeeded in three of the operations. The victim, who identified himself simply as Bidemi, said the bandits usually gained entry through an abandoned building on Akinsegun Street, which adjoins the close. “The close has a gate manned by a guard, so the robbers don’t come in through the gate. The first time they came was last year. They removed all the light bulbs in the surroundings. It was when I woke up the following day that I discovered they had torn my window net. They stole my wife’s wristwatch and the jewellery she kept close to the window. “In January 2018, they came to our compound again; tore my window net and stole my wife’s bag. They also removed all the shoes outside the compound and went away with my generator. While we were searching everywhere the following morning, we found the generator close to the abandoned building. “A few months after, I was watching news on TV around 2am, when I heard the sound of footsteps at the back of the window. When I shouted thief, thief, the persons jumped back into the compound. We have been complaining to the owner of the building, but he did not do anything about it. I learnt he had sold the building to a Yahoo boy(Internet fraudster).” Bidemi said on September 20, the robbers again raided houses, including his, and carted away property worth millions of naira. He explained that the hoodlums went away with cash, 10 expensive phones belonging to him, his wife and their visitors, gold jewellery, two laptops, a play station (gaming gadget), among other valuables. Another resident, Adeniyi, said some people had temporarily relocated following the incessant attacks, noting that there was a need for regular patrol of the area by the police. Adeniyi, who called our correspondent on the telephone on Thursday, said a private hospital in the community was also attacked on Wednesday night. The Lagos State Police Public Relations Officer, CSP Chike Oti, promised to get back to our correspondent with comments on the incident. Previous articleBuhari Must Go ‘Now Now’ – Saraki Tells PDP Presidential Aspirant Atiku. Next article‘Good Sex Makes You Come Alive’ -Dayo Amusa Declares Newly Elected Senator Caught Trying To Sleep With Politician’s Wife In...	cc/2019-30/en_head_0049.json.gz/line13188
__label__wiki	0.807958	0.807958	Tag Archives: Catherine Parr ancestry Ancestral Lineage: Boleyn vs. other English Queens? Posted on December 5, 2012 by tudorqueen6 Katherine Parr and Anne Boleyn, both were of equal birth — Katherine’s lineage, especially that of her father however, was better and more established at court than the Boleyn’s. [David Starkey] We have had this discussion before; who has the better lineage, who’s family was more “noble”, who was born “higher”, etc. Online, in the Wikipedia article for Anne Boleyn, it states that: “According to Eric Ives, she was certainly of more noble birth than Jane Seymour, Catherine Howard, and Catherine Parr, Henry VIII’s three other English wives.”[19] When you look at the actual source listed on Wikipedia, [19], it states Eric Ives’s opinion that “She [Anne] was better born than Henry VIII’s three other English wives.” Ives’s statement is preceded by who Anne Boleyn’s great-grandparents were, “[apart from Geoffrey Boleyn], a duke, an earl, and the granddaughter of an earl, the daughter of one baron, the daughter of another, and and an esquire [on the path to becoming a knight] and wife.” However, when Boleyn was born, her grandfather was not a Duke. He was only Earl of Surrey. In fact, up until a few days ago, the wife of the eventual 3rd Duke of Norfolk, Princess Anne of York (daughter of Edward IV) was labeled incorrectly on Wikipedia as “Countess of Surrey.” See below, “Dukedom of Norfolk“. I think what is in the Wikipedia article is rather misleading and a false statement. If they are going to quote Ives, they should use the actual quote. However, both historians Agnes Strickland and Dr. David Starkey have a different view on Katherine Parr’s lineage and “lower birth than Anne Boleyn.” Agnes Strickland quotes that Katherine Parr’s paternal ancestry was more distinguished than that of Thomas Boleyn and John Seymour. According to David Starkey, Katherine Parr’s lineage, “unlike that of Henry’s second wife, Anne Boleyn, was better and more established at Court.”[4] The Wiltshire Archeological and Natural History Magazine (Vol. 18, 1879), also states, “She was of more distinguished ancestry than either Anne Boleyn or Jane Seymour.” (pg 85) The “noble” birth I suppose refers to the fact that her mother was a “Lady” as a daughter of a Duke? That was her maternal lineage and Boleyn’s mother, at the time of her birth, was not the daughter of a Duke, but the daughter of an Earl. Anne Boleyn’s cousin Queen Katherine Howard, was the daughter of Lord Edmund Howard (as styled after 1514), a male line of the Dukes of Norfolk. In 1480, (Elizabeth Howard’s birth date that I have) the Howard family was not Duke of Norfolk; not even Earl of Surrey. After John Howard’s (great-grandfather of Anne Boleyn and Katherine Howard) elevation to Duke on 28 June 1483, his son, Thomas (later 2nd Duke and father to Elizabeth Howard), was created Earl of Surrey on the same date. However, the titles were forfeited and attained after the Battle of Bosworth field and the death of King Richard III (1485). The “2nd Duke” (grandfather to Anne Boleyn and Katherine Howard) was restored as Earl of Surrey in 1489 (under Henry VII); and restored/created the (2nd) Duke of Norfolk in 1514 (under Henry VIII), and resigned the Earldom of Surrey to his son (also named Thomas, future 3rd Duke) on the same day; the future “3rd Duke” wouldn’t become Duke until the death of his father in 1524. Boleyn and Howard were married c.1500 while Elizabeth’s father was still Earl of Surrey. The Howard family had no idea if Surrey would be granted the Dukedom again (1489-1514 is a big gap and there were two different monarchs reigning, Henry VII and then Henry VIII in 1509). Therefore, when Anne was born — she was not the granddaughter of a Duke. 2nd to 4th Duke of Norfolk by European Heraldry. “Duke of Norfolk“ History lesson on the Howard’s — the Howard’s were not always the Dukes of Norfolk and in fact, the title was forfeited several times; in 1485, 1546, and 1572.[1] The title was inherited by Anne and Katherine’s ancestor Sir John Howard, the son of Thomas Mowbray’s [created Duke of Norfolk in 1397] elder daughter Lady Margaret Mowbray, Lady Howard (wife of Sir Robert Howard). Sir John Howard was created 1st Duke of Norfolk on 28 June 1483, in the title’s third creation. However, two years later, the title, along with the courtesy title of Earl of Surrey, was forfeit and attained upon his death at the Battle of Bosworth, 22 August 1485.[2] When the title Duke of Norfolk was created for Thomas Mowbray on 1397, it was most likely bestowed upon him due to his mother, Elizabeth Segrave (1338-1399), eldest surviving daughter of Princess Margaret of England, suo jure 2nd Countess of Norfolk. Interesting fact, Katherine Parr’s great-great-grandfather, Sir Thomas Tunstall, would re-marry to Hon. Joan Mowbray (Parr’s 2nd cousin, 5x removed), sister of the 1st Mowbray Duke of Norfolk. Although they had no issue the Tunstalls’ and the children of Joan by her first husband Sir Thomas Grey grew up together. The title would descend from Mowbray’s eldest son, John Mowbray, the 2nd Duke of Norfolk [not an ancestor to the Howard Dukes of Norfolk]. The title would hold in the Mowbray family until the death of Mowbray’s great-great-granddaughter, Lady Anne Mowbray, 8th Countess of Norfolk (d.1481); who died without issue. Upon her death, her heirs normally would have been her cousins William, Viscount Berkeley (descendant of the 2nd Duke’s sister, Lady Isabel Mowbray) and John, Lord Howard (descendant of the 2nd Duke’s other sister, Lady Margaret Mowbray), but by an act of Parliament in January 1483 the rights were given to her husband Richard of Shrewsbury [Prince in The Tower], with reversion to his descendants, and, failing that, to the descendants of his father Edward IV.[8] This action may be a motivation for Lord Howard’s support of the accession of Richard III. He was created Duke of Norfolk and given his half of the Mowbray estates after Richard’s coronation on 28 June 1483. After John Howard’s elevation to Duke, his son, Thomas, was created Earl of Surrey on 28 June 1483.[3] The titles were forfeited and attained after the Battle of Bosworth field. The “2nd Duke” (grandfather to Queen Anne Boleyn and Queen Katherine Howard) was restored as Earl of Surrey in 1489; and restored as the 2nd Duke of Norfolk in 1514, and resigned the Earldom to his son (also named Thomas) on the same day. Howard (later 3rd Duke of Norfolk) had been previously married to Anne of York, daughter of King Edward IV. As a sign of closeness between King Richard III and the Howard family, Anne was betrothed to Thomas Howard in 1484.[10] At the time of their marriage in 1494/95, Howard had no titles and wasn’t even knighted (knt. 1497) which was very unusual for a marriage to a Princess. As Princess of England, Anne had been previously contracted to marry Philip “the handsome”, future Duke of Burgundy (later Philip I of Castile as husband to Juana I of Castile, sister of Katherine of Aragon). On the death of her father in 1483, the marriage however, never took place. Therefore, Anne who died in 1511, was never Countess, but technically Anne of York, Lady Howard (Lady Anne Howard).[11] As stated above, the former Earl of Surrey (later 2nd Duke) wasn’t created Duke of Norfolk until 1 Febraury 1513/14, 4/5 years after the death of Henry VII.[3] The title would again be forfeited after the arrest of the 3rd Howard Duke of Norfolk and his son Henry, Earl of Surrey during Queen Katherine Parr’s reign, 1546.[3] At this point in time, the Parr’s and Seymour’s thrived while the Howard’s fell from favor. The title was restored to Henry Surrey’s son who became the 4th Duke in 1554 under the Catholic Queen Mary [his father predeceased him] who’s title was also forfeited upon his execution on 2 June 1572. The most interesting thing here being that Henry Howard, Earl of Surrey had been brought up in the house of Henry Fitzroy, natural son of Henry VIII with Katherine’s brother, William Parr. The two were obviously more than acquainted and most likely good friend’s. There must have been some mixed feelings with the execution of Surrey. “although she be a simple maid, having but a knight to her father, yet she is descended of right noble blood and parentage. As for her mother, she is nigh of the Norfolk’s blood, and as for her father, he is descended of the Earl of Ormonde, being one of the Earl’s heirs general.” (A letter from Lord Percy declaring Anne’s family was on the “same” level as his; from Ecclesiastical biography, ed. Christopher Wordsworth, p. 590. [5]) Butler, Earl of Ormonde. The 1st and 4th quarters were used “illegally” in the arms of Anne Boleyn as Marquess of Pembroke and Queen of England. European Heraldry One can only conclude that Lord Percy was so in love with Anne that he would have done anything to help her succeed. Wordsworth online at Open Library also tells the story put forth about Anne and how she was styled Anne Rochford on her papers for Marquess of Pembroke. It seems that Anne Boleyn was doing everything against the rules of the society she lived in. Anne couldn’t use ‘Rochford’ as a surname – her mother should have used this title, as Jane Parker did when George Boleyn became ‘Viscount of Rochford’. Anne’s paternal GRANDMOTHER, Lady Margaret Butler, was not an heiress to the Earldom of Ormonde being a female; therefore Thomas Boleyn [NOT Butler] was not “the Earl’s heirs general.” Earldom’s DID NOT pass through women; a woman could be created a Countess, but that title would have been created solely for that woman and her male heirs, like the “Marquess of Pembroke.” Perhaps if Lady Margaret had been the only child of the 7th Earl, the title would have passed to her and through her, but she was not the only child and according to law her male Butler relatives [cousins] would have inherited that title BEFORE her as Piers Butler did. After the death of the 7th Earl in 1515, Piers assumed the title as it was only heirs MALE that could inherit the title, not women (unless under special circumstances by orders of Parliament)! Tomb of Sir Piers Butler, 8th Earl of Ormonde and Lady Margaret Fitzgerald, parents to the 9th Earl. Saint Canices Cemetery, Kilkenny County, Kilkenny, Ireland. Concerning Thomas Boleyn’s claim to the Earldom of Ormonde: In 1529, Piers Butler was forced to give up the title of 8th Earl of Ormond, which he assumed in 1515 and the title was granted to Sir Thomas Boleyn. In place of the Earldom of Ormonde, Piers received the title of Earl of Ossory instead; the subsidiary title held by the Earls of Ormond. Why would the King force Piers to give his title up? At that time, Henry VIII was already romantically involved with Anne Boleyn and the answer is clear – Thomas received Earldom of Ormond due to Anne’s relationship with Henry VIII. That Boleyn owned the title of Earl of Ormond to his daughter’s influence, is proved by him losing the title after Anne’s execution – in May 1536 the Irish Parliament passed the act that reverted Butler lands and the title of Earl of Ormond to the Crown. Henry VIII finally granted the Earldom of Ormond to Piers Butler in October 1537 (Starkey states early February 1538 [9]), before Boleyn’s death. The Earldom of Ormond was bestowed upon Thomas Boleyn without lawful claim in 1529 according to common law. What about the Earldom of Wiltshire that Thomas received the same year? The title of 1st Earl of Wiltshire was held by Henry Stafford, a brother of the 3rd Duke of Buckingham, executed in 1521, and an uncle of Elizabeth Stafford who married Thomas Howard, 3rd Duke of Norfolk in 1513. Henry Stafford died without a male issue in 1523 and the title of Earl of Wiltshire expired with his death. The title was vacant until 1529 when Thomas Boleyn received both titles – the Earl of Ormond and Wiltshire. Why would Henry VIII bestow the title of Earl of Wiltshire upon Thomas Boleyn? In the past, the title of Earl of Wiltshire was held by James Butler, 5th Earl of Ormond. Thomas Boleyn’s claim to the Earldom of Wiltshire was the result of his claim to the Earldom of Ormond due to his affinity with the Butler family from his mother’s side. This raises a question – if the title of the Earl of Wiltshire was vacant from 1523, why did Thomas Boleyn receive it as late as in 1529? It is reasonable to assume that Anne Boleyn influenced the King to elevate her father to such honour. (p.62,63 [6]) Sir James Butler, 9th Earl of Ormonde, son and heir of Piers Butler, 8th Earl of Ormonde [the rightful heir to the Earldom]. The identification comes after a study by David Starkey.[9] There were very few women who inherited Earldoms in their own right; such as the only daughter and child of the 4th Earl of Salisbury, Lady Alice Montacute, suo jure 5th Countess of Salisbury (great-great-grandmother to Queen Katherine Parr). So Anne descended from the 7 Earls of Ormonde, but they go back to Edward I at the highest. Even Katherine Parr descends from the 1st Earl of Ormonde via his daughter Lady Petronilla Butler, Lady Talbot [and that’s from Maud Green’s ancestry]. The title Earl of Ormonde was actually forfeited in 1513 [the 7th Earl] and Earl of Wiltshire in 1460.[1] The wife of the 7th Earl, Anne Hankford, was the granddaughter of Sir John, 3rd Earl of Salisbury who descended from Edward I, but Katherine Parr descended from the 5th Countess of Salisbury, Lady Alice Montacute and her husband Sir Richard Neville, who by right of his wife became the 5th Earl of Salisbury. Anne Bullen, daughter of Thomas, Earl of Wiltshire [Stained Glass from Hampton Court] I’m also finding that she WAS known as Bullen, but at some point, the name was changed to Boleyn. The Parr family did that I think — but just dropped the “E”; their surname has been written as such; Parre. Bullen and Boleyn are completely different. Queen Jane Seymour, wife no. 3. Jane Seymour descended from Edward III, but her paternal lineage is lacking in “royal” or “nobles”. Like the Boleyns, the Seymour family couldn’t trace their paternal lineage much further than a few generations; John Seymour was the first Seymour to pop up (b. 1400). The paternal grandmother, Elizabeth Darrell’s lineage (through her mother), had some interesting connections back to several illegitimate children; one from King John and a few from Henry I of England. It’s the maternal lineage that gave Jane her “royal” connection to Edward III by the wife of Sir Philip Wentworth (maternal great-grandmother of Queen Jane). Hon. Mary Clifford gave Queen Jane descent from the 1st Baron Neville of Raby Castle, William Montacute 1st Earl of Salisbury, Lady Elizabeth suo jure 4th Countess of Ulster (wife of Lionel of Antwerp and mother to Philippa of Clarence). The Countess of Ulster descended from Joan of Acre (daughter of Edward I) and Lady Maud of Lancaster, daughter of Henry 3rd Earl of Lancaster (nephew of Edward I of England). Lancaster’s other daughter, Lady Mary of Lancaster was an ancestor to Clifford. Clifford also descended from several illegitimate children by John I and Henry I of England. Queen Katherine Howard, wife no. 5. As for Katherine Howard, she had the same ancestry as Anne Boleyn through her father Lord Edmund Howard. Her paternal lineage was “more noble” and of “better birth”. Looking at Howard’s mother (Jocasa Culpepper) however, she was of common stock. But Lady Howard did happen to descend from King Edward I by her maternal grandmother, Elizabeth of Groby Ferrers. By her, Lady Howard was a descendant of Princess Joan of Acre (second surviving daughter of Edward I by his first wife) and her first husband Sir Robert de Clare, 7th Earl of Gloucester. Elizabeth of Groby Ferrer’s mother, Philippa Clifford was a descendant of Hon. Maud Fiennes, wife to Lord Mortimer of Wigmore — she had the amazing pedigree that went back to Henry II of England and Eleanor of Aquitaine’s daughter, Queen Eleanor of Castile. Philippa Clifford also descended from several illegitimate children of the early “Plantagenet” kings; twice by John I and several of Henry I of England. She even descended from David I of Scotland a few times. By this lineage Lady Howard also descended from Roger Mortimer, 1st Earl of March and Joan Geneville. Queen Katherine Parr, wife no. 6. So who were Katherine Parr’s great-grandparents? Some of the most important figures in history! A baron or Lord who was Sheriff of Northamptonshire among other high offices, an heiress of a prominent knight, a Baron, a daughter of an Earl (uncle to the Kings of England) and suo jure Countess (both of royal blood), a Lord/Baron, a daughter of a knight, a prominent knight (among other positions), and a daughter of an aunt to the royal family. Sir Thomas Parr, Lord Parr of Kendal’s mother was the niece of Sir Richard Neville, 16th Earl of Warwick, also known as “Warwick, the Kingmaker,” one of ”the” most important figures in the War of the Roses. Parr was also a great-grandniece, however many times removed of King Richard II as they shared the same mother/grandmother, Princess Joan of Kent, suo jure Countess of Kent, Baroness Wake of Liddell, and Princess of Wales. Katherine was just about related to every noble and royal at court who came before or during her time; Edward IV and Richard III were first cousins, thrice removed of Katherine Parr. Their wives, Anne Neville and Elizabeth Woodville, were also a first cousins, twice removed. In fact, husband two, Lord Latimer, and three, King Henry, were within the “forbidden” fourth degree of consanguinity as 3rd cousins. Katherine Parr’s family has a pretty “noble” back round and her family was actually high up in the court scene [at this time, my recorded research of Parr’s at court traces back to Sir William Parr (c.1356-1405), a close confidant of Henry IV of England]. We just don’t see this because Parr is always seen as this “nobody who came from nowhere” when in actuality she was the daughter of a substantial knight [just like Thomas Boleyn would become].[4] Starkey even quotes, “like the family of King Henry’s second wife, the Boleyns, the Parr family had gone up in the world as a result of royal favor and successful marriages.”[4] The “lowly” marriage of Mary Boleyn to Sir William Stafford — unlike “The Tudors” insistence that he was a “nothing” — Stafford was actually the grandson of Sir John Fogge and Alice Haute (cousin to Queen Elizabeth Woodville). This connection made Stafford a cousin to Parr’s mother, Maud Green (her aunt was Stafford’s mother, Margaret). The notion that Anne Boleyn and Katherine Parr were not on equal ground at birth is ridiculous. Katherine was of even “higher birth” than Anne. In fact, Sir Thomas Boleyn and Sir Thomas Parr [Lord Parr of Kendal according to Bernard Burke and other sources] shared the same circle around Henry VIII and were knighted at the same time [1509]. If not for his early death in 1517, he would have been given the title settled upon his brother or that of which he was heir or co-heir to, i.e. Lord FitzHugh of Ravensworth, which to this day, FitzHugh and the others, are still in abeyance between his daughter’s descendants [the Earls of Pembroke] and that of his aunt, Alice, Lady Fiennes. We all know that those in favor, especially relatives of the King’s wives were favored, and if not for Henry’s want and need to marry Anne, her father and brother would not have been elevated so high; and she would not have been created Marquess/Marchioness of Pembroke. We clearly see this with the Parr family as well. Parr’s brother (created Baron Parr of Kendal and Earl of Essex), uncle (1st Baron Parr of Horton), brother-in-law (Lord Herbert), and other family members were also elevated when Henry married Katherine. Fact: Katherine Parr descends from Edward I of England more than any other wife, including Anne Boleyn. It would be nice if the quote was changed and perhaps the sentences from Agnes Strickland and David Starkey could be put in. It is not entirely fair to Katherine Parr and it would be nice if for once we took a look at her family’s history which if you look at it — it’s full of nobility and royalty. More info: Ancestral Lineage of Queen Katherine Parr This is not a blatant attempt to attack or trash any queen. This has been an on going issue on Wikipedia to which people refuse to look at — therefore a blog is being written. This genealogy blog was done due to editors on Wikipedia who keep inserting that “Anne was of more noble blood than the other English wives.” The blog is simply to show that both women were born on equal grounds, BOTH daughters of courtiers who were knighted at the SAME time in 1509. Katherine’s father, however, died in 1517 — preventing any further advancement which Thomas Boleyn enjoyed later on. The lineage of the Parrs’, however, simply shows that Katherine’s ancestral lineage was better and more established at court. I chose to compare these two because it is obvious with Jane Seymour that her pedigree, even though it includes Edward III, is pretty far removed from the nobility and royalty at court when she became queen. As for Katherine Howard, one could argue that she was just as noble or more than Anne and Katherine as her father was the son of the Duke of Norfolk and thus styled “Lord”. The Howard’s were somewhat “removed” by the time Katherine Howard became queen though, but had been previously close to the crown. Howard’s female side, the Culpepers’, was however much like Jane Seymour’s lineage. The boost of lineage for the Boleyns’ is probably due to the fact that Anne caused much controversy on the way to becoming queen. Parr is often overshadowed due to not having any surviving children among other factors. Anne of course, was the mother of Queen Elizabeth I, who is known today as “Gloriana”. John Debrett. “Debrett’s Peerage of England, Scotland, and Ireland,” [Another], Volume 2. 1825. Paul Murray Kendall. “Richard The Third,” pp. 193-6, 365. Douglas Richardson. “Plantagenet Ancestry: A Study In Colonial And Medieval Families,” 2nd edition, 2011. pg 273-78. David Starkey. “Six Wives: The Queens of Henry VIII,” Chapter: Catherine Parr, HarperCollins, May 4, 2004. Christopher Wordsworth. “Ecclesiastical biography or, Lives of eminent men, connected with the history of religion in England: from the commencement of the Reformation to the Revolution,” 3d edition, London: J.G. & F. Rivington, 1839. Sylwia S. Zupanec. “The daring truth about Anne Boleyn: cutting through the myth,” 8 November 2012. Crofts Peerage, Ormonde, Earl of (I, 1328-dormant 1997) Charles Ross. “Edward IV,” (second ed.) New Haven: Yale University Press. 1997. David Starkey. “Holbein’s Irish Sitter?,” The Burlington Magazine , Vol. 123, No. 938 (May, 1981), pp. 300-301+303. Sidney Lee. Dictionary of national biography, Volume XXVIII: From HOWARD to INGLETHORP, Macmillan, Smith, Elder & Co. in New York, London, 1891. pg 64-67. Sidney Lee. Dictionary of national biography, Volume XXVIII: From HOWARD to INGLETHORP, Macmillan, Smith, Elder & Co. in New York, London, 1891. pg 1. The Wiltshire Archeological and Natural History Magazine (Vol. 18, 1879) Posted in The Tudors (1485-1603) \| Tagged ancestry, Anne Boleyn ancestry, Boleyn ancestry, Catherine Parr ancestry, English wives of Henry VIII, Howard ancestry, Jane Seymour, Katherine Howard, Katherine Parr ancestry, Parr ancestry, Parr lineage, Seymour ancestry, Sir Thomas Boleyn, sir thomas parr \| 4 Replies Letter To The Dowager Queen Kateryn from Elizabeth Queen Katherine Parr: The Pregnancy and Birth of Lady Mary Seymour STARZ 'The White Queen': The Family Tree The White Queen: The REAL ending of Isabel and George Archives Select Month May 2019 January 2019 December 2018 November 2018 October 2018 September 2018 July 2018 January 2018 July 2017 June 2017 December 2016 November 2016 August 2016 June 2016 May 2016 March 2016 February 2016 October 2015 August 2015 July 2015 May 2015 April 2015 January 2015 December 2014 July 2014 May 2014 April 2014 November 2013 October 2013 September 2013 August 2013 July 2013 June 2013 May 2013 April 2013 March 2013 February 2013 January 2013 December 2012 November 2012 October 2012 September 2012 August 2012 July 2012 tudorqueen6 \| media View queen.catherine.parr’s profile on Facebook View tudorqueen6’s profile on Twitter View tudorqueen6 [blog]’s profile on Pinterest	cc/2019-30/en_head_0049.json.gz/line13190
__label__wiki	0.881879	0.881879	Inside the numbers of the wacky Padres-Rockies series Baseball has never seen a series quite like the four-game set between the San Diego Padres and Colorado Rockies this weekend at Coors Field. A record number of runs, two epic comebacks, 15 hits -- by one guy. In case you missed it, the series went like this: Thursday: A relatively pedestrian 9-6 win for the Rockies. Friday: A stunning rally and three homers by Hunter Renfroe led to a 16-12 Padres win. Padres, Rockies break 4-game series runs record Saturday: A third straight four-hit game by Charlie Blackmon sparked Colorado's 14-8 victory. Sunday: Another huge San Diego comeback for a 14-13 win, with Jon Gray walking in the go-ahead run in his first career relief appearance. Here's a closer look at some of the wackiness: -- The 92 total runs were the most ever in a four-game series in the modern era (since 1900), surpassing the 88 scored by the Phillies and Brooklyn Dodgers in May 1929, according to Elias Sports Bureau research. The final tally for the series split: Rockies 48, Padres 44. -- While the 44 runs was the most ever by the Padres in a four-game series, the Rockies' total of 48 ranked only fourth on their gaudy list. -- The teams combined for 131 hits, the most in a four-game series since 1922, with 15 -- yes, 15 -- coming from Blackmon alone. That's the most by a player in a four-game series in the modern era. Blackmon entered the series hitting .305; by the end of the series, his average was up to .336. As a team, the Rockies gained 10 points on their batting average. -- After hitting three home runs Friday, Renfroe added two more Sunday. He bumped his OPS from .877 to .952. -- Sunday's game was 9-8 Rockies after 2½ innings, and Colorado led 13-8 after six and 13-10 going into the ninth. But Greg Garcia tied it for the Padres with a two-out, two-run triple. The Rockies then chose to intentionally walk the next two hitters, setting up a matchup between Gray and pinch hitter (and pitcher) Matt Strahm. Gray walked Strahm on six pitches to plate the go-ahead run. This season, teams that have trailed by at least five runs after the sixth inning are 3-251. Two of the three wins were by San Diego in this series, with the other coming Friday night when ... -- The Padres trailed 11-5 in the ninth inning, but tied it with a six-run outburst that included Renfroe's third homer of the game and a two-out, two-run single by Fernando Tatis Jr. to tie it. San Diego scored five more in the 12th inning for the first win in franchise history when trailing by six or more runs entering the ninth inning. The Padres had been 0-766 in such situations, according to Elias research. They also were the first road team to win when entering the ninth trailing by six or more runs since May 2005. Road teams had been 0-3,805 over that span, according to Elias. -- The Padres were the first team to overcome deficits of three or more runs in the ninth inning or later in multiple games of the same series since the Astros did it to the Padres in 1989, according to Elias research. What might these teams do for an encore? While the Rockies will make a couple of visits to Petco Park, that's not nearly the hitters' paradise that Coors is. We'll have to wait until Sept. 13-15 for the Padres' return trip to Colorado.	cc/2019-30/en_head_0049.json.gz/line13191
__label__cc	0.712139	0.287861	Collection: Texas Digital Newspaper Program Collection: Tocker Foundation Grant County: Titus County, TX Day: 14th Clear All Filters Talco Times (Talco, Tex.), Vol. 57, No. 12, Ed. 1 Thursday, May 14, 1992 Description: Weekly newspaper from Talco, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising. Creator: Nichols, Thomas & Nichols, Nanalee Partner: Red River County Public Library Talco Times (Talco, Tex.), Vol. 56, No. 39, Ed. 1 Thursday, November 14, 1991 Talco Times (Talco, Tex.), Vol. 56, No. 5, Ed. 1 Thursday, March 14, 1991 Talco Times (Talco, Tex.), Vol. 56, No. 1, Ed. 1 Thursday, February 14, 1991 Talco Times (Talco, Tex.), Vol. 53, No. 19, Ed. 1 Thursday, June 14, 1990 The Talco Times (Talco, Tex.), Vol. 53, No. 46, Ed. 1 Thursday, December 14, 1989 The Talco Times (Talco, Tex.), Vol. 54, No. 33, Ed. 1 Thursday, September 14, 1989 The Talco Times (Talco, Tex.), Vol. 11, No. 18, Ed. 1 Friday, June 14, 1946 The Talco Times (Talco, Tex.), Vol. 10, No. 44, Ed. 1 Friday, December 14, 1945 The Talco Times (Talco, Tex.), Vol. 10, No. 31, Ed. 1 Friday, September 14, 1945 The Talco Times (Talco, Tex.), Vol. 9, No. 22, Ed. 1 Friday, July 14, 1944 The Talco Times (Talco, Tex.), Vol. 9, No. 9, Ed. 1 Friday, April 14, 1944 The Talco Times (Talco, Tex.), Vol. 7, No. 48, Ed. 1 Friday, January 14, 1944 The Talco Times (Talco, Tex.), Vol. 6, No. 40, Ed. 1 Friday, November 14, 1941 Creator: Hardin, Paul The Talco Times (Talco, Tex.), Vol. 6, No. 5, Ed. 1 Friday, March 14, 1941 The Talco Times (Talco, Tex.), Vol. 6, No. 1, Ed. 1 Friday, February 14, 1941 The Talco Times (Talco, Tex.), Vol. 5, No. 18, Ed. 1 Friday, June 14, 1940 1990-1999 5 5 1980-1989 2 2 1940-1949 10 10 January 1 1 February 2 2 March 2 2 April 1 1 May 1 1 June 3 3 July 1 1 September 2 2 November 2 2 December 2 2	cc/2019-30/en_head_0049.json.gz/line13194
__label__cc	0.579656	0.420344	143 Matching Results in subjects: "Places - United States - Texas - Hidalgo County" Partners 6 Collections 8 Serial/Series Titles 10 Resource Types 2 Decades 8 Years 57 Months 12 Languages 3 The Mercedes Enterprise (Mercedes, Tex.), Vol. 68, No. 48, Ed. 1 Wednesday, November 26, 1980 Description: Weekly newspaper from Mercedes, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising. Partner: Dr. Hector P. Garcia Memorial Library The Mercedes News (Mercedes, Tex.), Vol. 5, No. 97, Ed. 1 Friday, October 26, 1928 Description: Semi-weekly newspaper from Mercedes, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising. Mercedes Tribune (Mercedes, Tex.), Vol. 1, No. 30, Ed. 1 Wednesday, August 26, 1914 Creator: Hoyt, L. T. Mercedes Tribune (Mercedes, Tex.), Vol. 3, No. 37, Ed. 1 Thursday, October 26, 1916 Mercedes Tribune (Mercedes, Tex.), Vol. 5, No. 22, Ed. 1 Friday, July 26, 1918 Mercedes Tribune (Mercedes, Tex.), Vol. 5, No. 9, Ed. 1 Friday, April 26, 1918 The Enterprise (Mercedes, Tex.), Vol. 41, No. 48, Ed. 1 Thursday, November 26, 1953 Creator: Harvey, J. Edwin & Ragsdale, Paul The Enterprise (Mercedes, Tex.), Vol. 41, No. 13, Ed. 1 Thursday, March 26, 1953 Creator: Ragsdale, Paul The Enterprise (Mercedes, Tex.), Vol. 41, No. 9, Ed. 1 Thursday, February 26, 1953 The Mercedes Enterprise (Mercedes, Tex.), Vol. 44, No. 30, Ed. 1 Thursday, July 26, 1956 Creator: Harvey, J. Edwin Mercedes Tribune (Mercedes, Tex.), Vol. 4, No. 10, Ed. 1 Thursday, April 26, 1917 The Enterprise (Mercedes, Tex.), Vol. 44, No. 4, Ed. 1 Thursday, January 26, 1956 Mercedes Tribune (Mercedes, Tex.), Vol. 4, No. 36, Ed. 1 Friday, October 26, 1917 The Enterprise (Mercedes, Tex.), Vol. 43, No. 21, Ed. 1 Thursday, May 26, 1955 The Enterprise (Mercedes, Tex.), Vol. 44, No. 17, Ed. 1 Thursday, April 26, 1956 Mercedes Tribune (Mercedes, Tex.), Vol. 4, No. 23, Ed. 1 Thursday, July 26, 1917 The Mercedes Enterprise (Mercedes, Tex.), Vol. 44, No. 48, Ed. 1 Thursday, November 26, 1959 The Mercedes Enterprise (Mercedes, Tex.), Vol. 44, No. 9, Ed. 1 Thursday, February 26, 1959 The Mercedes Enterprise (Mercedes, Tex.), Vol. 45, No. 52, Ed. 1 Thursday, December 26, 1957 The Mercedes Enterprise (Mercedes, Tex.), Vol. 45, No. 39, Ed. 1 Thursday, September 26, 1957 The Mercedes Enterprise (Mercedes, Tex.), Vol. 44, No. 13, Ed. 1 Thursday, March 26, 1959 The Enterprise (Mercedes, Tex.), Vol. 39, No. 30, Ed. 1 Thursday, July 26, 1951 The Enterprise (Mercedes, Tex.), Vol. 32, No. 4, Ed. 1 Friday, January 26, 1945 Creator: Netz, Paul C. The Enterprise (Mercedes, Tex.), Vol. 32, No. 43, Ed. 1 Friday, October 26, 1945 Creator: Tilton, S. E. Dr. Hector P. Garcia Memorial Library 72 72 McAllen Public Library 35 35 Museum of South Texas History 1 1 Pharr Memorial Library 26 26 Texas Historical Commission 7 7 UNT Libraries 2 2 Texas Borderlands Newspaper Collection 39 39 Ladd & Katherine Hancher Library Foundation 72 72 Mercedes Area Newspapers 72 72 The Pharr Press 26 26 Rescuing Texas History, 2010 20 20 Rescuing Texas History, 2015 5 5 Texas Digital Newspaper Program 116 116 THC Historic Resources Survey Collection 7 7 The Mercedes Enterprise 29 29 The Pharr Press 26 26 The Enterprise 23 23 Mercedes Tribune 18 18 McAllen Daily Press 10 10 Tropical Heritage Region 7 7 McAllen Daily Monitor 5 5 Revista Del Valle 2 2 The Mercedes News 2 2 Diogenes 1 1 Photograph 27 27 Newspaper 116 116 1980-1989 11 11 1970-1979 27 27 1960-1969 37 37 1950-1959 18 18 1940-1949 12 12 1930-1939 10 10 1920-1929 18 18 1910-1919 10 10 1914 1 1 1915 2 2 1916 1 1 1917 3 3 1918 2 2 1919 1 1 1920 2 2 1921 1 1 1922 2 2 1923 3 3 1924 2 2 1926 1 1 1928 2 2 1929 5 5 1930 5 5 1935 5 5 1941 2 2 1942 1 1 1943 3 3 1944 1 1 1945 2 2 1946 2 2 1947 1 1 1950 2 2 1951 2 2 1953 3 3 1954 1 1 1955 1 1 1956 3 3 1957 2 2 1958 1 1 1959 3 3 1960 1 1 1961 2 2 1962 2 2 1963 2 2 1964 2 2 1965 1 1 1966 1 1 1967 2 2 1968 22 22 1969 2 2 1970 5 5 1971 2 2 1972 2 2 1973 9 9 1974 1 1 1975 1 1 1976 2 2 1977 1 1 1978 2 2 1979 2 2 1980 2 2 1981 3 3 1983 1 1 1984 3 3 1985 2 2 January 8 8 February 8 8 March 10 10 April 10 10 May 9 9 June 17 17 July 12 12 August 10 10 September 10 10 October 30 30 November 10 10 December 9 9 English 114 114 No Language 27 27 Spanish 16 16	cc/2019-30/en_head_0049.json.gz/line13196
__label__wiki	0.555297	0.555297	50 YEAR CASE STUDY DR. KINGS PREDICTIONS REALITY? The spring following the 1967 Detroit race riots, Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. chose the contrasting border between the suburb of Grosse Pointe, Michigan and the city of Detroit to address the state of racism in America and its destiny to divide it’s people. The Alter Road border, is today, perhaps the most segregated thoroughfare in America. This line of demarcation was perhaps the impetus for and certainly the platform from which Dr. King addressed the citizens of Metro Detroit at Grosse Pointe High School on March 24th, 1968. The title of his speech "The Other America", confronts the realities of two Americas, one prosperous - the other devoid of real opportunity. Along with his articulate examples, he gave warning: "there is no more dangerous development in our nation than the constant building up of predominantly negro central cities ringed by white suburbs. This will do nothing but invite social disaster". Now, 50 years later, we are able to witness the reality of King’s prediction on the Detroit / Grosse Pointe border. Alter Road is the real and symbolic dividing line between the city of Detroit and the suburb of Grosse Pointe. The division between the city and urban enclave is extreme in terms of, but not limited to: race, crime, housing, city services and education. Poor, black Americans on one side. Wealthier, today, mostly white Americans on the other. At Grosse Pointe High School, Dr. King said “Almost forty percent of the Negro families of America live in substandard housing conditions. In this other America, thousands of young people are deprived of an opportunity to get an adequate education.” He spoke of historic lack of land ownership, unemployment and social opportunity in “The other America”; American communities that are segregated by race. A recent increase in black Americans buying property in Grosse Pointe, once unthinkable, does not negate demographics that describe the divide between these two communities. The reader / viewer is invited to view and interpret the educational and interactive platforms throughout this website, to learn about the divide and explore the photographic and empirical evidence. Was Dr. King correct in his predictions? Statistics are always arguable but this divide is proven physically and visually. Not limited to the contrasting employment and educational opportunities, or the inconsistency of society to equally promote the health and welfare of the two neighborhoods, the landscape is further broken as the photography and interactive displays document. Originally, there were no constructed, physical barriers preventing residents from socializing or entering shopping and restaurant areas. Originally, it was just psychological and socially constituted divisions, kept the communities segregated. Since the 1980s, physical barriers have been erected by Grosse Pointe’s city planning department to further isolate the suburb in protection from Detroiters. Of the twelve streets that cross Alter Road, connecting Detroit to Grosse Pointe, four have been physically blocked off, three are without direct access into Detroit. Two are one way streets, two run adjacent to the front and rear of the main police station, and the last remaining street is now a roundabout which firetrucks and ambulances can not transverse. As is evident, the city is further attempting to close this street entirely. A continuing physical and psychological segregation at the Alter Road border has been quietly but efficiently implemented. Over the past years, Katherine has devoted equal time in both communities which straddle Alter Road, creating an extensive archive which includes audio, visual & textual observational material. In addition, through creating charts, graphs and maps, she studies this evolution of "The Other America" at the Alter Road Border.	cc/2019-30/en_head_0049.json.gz/line13200
__label__wiki	0.924631	0.924631	Tim McGraw, Faith Hill and More Among 2017 Grammy Awards Presenters A few country artists will be onstage at the 2017 Grammy Awards on Sunday night (Feb. 12), whether they're awards winners or not. Tim McGraw and Faith Hill, among others, will help present trophies during the 59th annual Grammys ceremony. In addition to McGraw and Hill, Thomas Rhett and Kelly Clarkson are among the 2017 Grammy Awards' lineup of presenters. As previously announced, during the Premiere Ceremony, Sarah Jarosz will help present some of the honors being handed out as well. Hill is not nominated for any awards at the 2017 Grammys, but McGraw, Rhett, Clarkson and Jarosz all are. McGraw's song "Humble and Kind" is nominated for Best Country Song (an award that would go to songwriter Lori McKenna); Rhett is up for Best Country Song, for "Die a Happy Man;" Clarkson is nominated for Best Pop Solo Performance, for "Piece By Piece;" and Jarosz is up for Best American Roots Performance, Best Folk Album and Best Engineered Album, Non-Classical. Additionally, a number of country artists are scheduled to perform at the 2017 Grammy Awards: Carrie Underwood and Keith Urban will be collaborating during the event, while Maren Morris will be teaming up with Alicia Keys during the show. Also on the list of performers for the 2017 Grammy Awards are Little Big Town, Sturgill Simpson and Kelsea Ballerini. At the Premiere Ceremony, the O’Connor Band With Mark O’Connor will perform. The 59th annual Grammy Awards will take place in Los Angeles on Feb. 12. The Late Late Show host James Corden will host the televised ceremony, which will begin at 8PM ET on CBS; the pre-telecast Premiere Ceremony will begin at 3:30PM ET and be available to stream online. The Boot will be staying up late covering the most buzzed-about country winners, fashion and moments at the 2017 Grammy Awards. Readers can watch along with us by checking back to TheBoot.com for the latest Grammys headlines, liking The Boot on Facebook and following The Boot on Twitter. 2017 Grammy Awards Nominees: The Country Surprises and Snubs NEXT: Everything You Need to Know About the 2017 Grammy Awards Filed Under: Faith Hill, Grammy Awards, Kelly Clarkson, Thomas Rhett, Tim McGraw Categories: Country News, Grammy Awards	cc/2019-30/en_head_0049.json.gz/line13202
__label__wiki	0.8793	0.8793	President Donald Trump has rescinded trans student protections. (Blade file photo by Michael Key) Trump rescinds transgender student protections Chris Johnson, Washington Blade courtesy of the National LGBTQ Media Association National, News, Politics Much to the dismay of the LGBT advocates who sought to keep guidance barring discrimination against transgender kids in schools, the Trump administration on Wednesday revoked the guidance. White House Press Secretary Sean Spicer said Wednesday during the daily press briefing a letter rescinding the guidance would come out that day, reiterating his words from earlier in the week the decision to withdraw the guidance is based on President Trump’s support for states’ rights. “As far as the conclusion goes, I’ve made this clear and the president’s made it clear throughout the campaign that he’s a firm believer in states’ rights, and that certain issues like this are not best dealt with at the federal level,” Spicer said. A two-page “Dear Colleague” letter from the administration to schools indicates the Justice and Education Departments “are withdrawing the statements of policy and guidance” assuring protections for transgender students. Issued in May by those same departments during the Obama administration, the guidance based on Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972 bars schools from discriminating against transgender kids and denying them access to the restroom consistent with their gender identity. Citing “significant litigation” against the guidance, the draft letter cites a U.S. Fourth Circuit Court of Appeals ruling based on the guidance in favor of transgender student Gavin Grimm as well as a decision from U.S. District Judge Reed O’Connor enjoining enforcement of the guidance. “In these circumstances, the Department of Education and the Department of Justice have decided to withdraw and rescind the above-referenced guidance documents in order to further and more completely consider the legal issues involved,” the letter says. “The Departments thus will not rely on the views expressed within them.” Notably, the letter is slightly different from a draft copy MSNBC published earlier in the day. The draft copy says even with the guidance withdrawn, schools “must ensure that transgender students, like all students, are able to learn in a safe environment,” but the final letter replaces the explicit mention of transgender students with “LGBT students.” The final letter also adds the Department of Education Office for Civil Rights will continue to “hear all claims of discrimination and will explore every appropriate opportunity to protect all students” and says the administration is “committed to the application of Title IX and other federal laws to ensure such protection.” The letter is issued just weeks after the White House declared in a statement Trump is “determined to protect the rights of all Americans, including the LGBTQ community.” J. Bob Alotta, executive director of the Astraea Lesbian Foundation for Justice, condemned the decision to revoke the guidance as an attack on transgender students. “These protections were put into place to ensure the safety of transgender students,” Alotta said. “Today’s decision actively harms the people who are most vulnerable to violence and the administration should immediately reverse course. Discrimination doesn’t belong in our schools or in our society. Everyone should have the freedom to express their gender identity without fear, retribution or risk of violence.” Major media outlets reported the process leading to the revocation of the guidance was a source of contention. The Washington Post reported the transgender guidance was rescinded over the objections of newly confirmed Education Secretary Betsy DeVos. The Washington Blade has placed a call to the Education Department to verify those objections and determine who overruled her in the decision to overturn the guidance. According to The New York Times, a fight erupted in the Trump administration over the letter between DeVos and U.S. Attorney General Jeff Sessions, who reportedly pressed the education secretary sign off on the change because he couldn’t go forward without her consent. The order had to come from both the Justice and Education Departments. Trump sided with Sessions over DeVos, the New York Times reported, and faced with the choice of either resigning or defying the president, DeVos agreed to go along. The order was expected Wednesday, but held up, the Times reported, because the two Cabinet members disputed the final language. White House Press Secretary Sean Spicer, however, denied there was significant contention among members of the Trump administration, insisting there was “no daylight” between DeVos and Sessions on rescinding the guidance. “I think where you might be hearing something is more on the timing of stuff,” Spicer said. “The conclusions every person in the administration has agreed upon. There’s no daylight between anybody, between the president, between any of the secretaries.” Asked to clarify further the education secretary’s position, Spicer said DeVos is “100 percent” in favor rescinding the guidance. In a statement announcing the guidance, DeVos said she considers “protecting all students, including LGBTQ students” a “key priority” for the Department of Education, but ultimately believes the issue should be left to the states. The reported view of Sessions in favor of rescinding the guidance is consistent with recent actions from the Justice Department in litigation filed against the guidance by Texas Attorney General Ken Paxton on behalf of 12 states. As a result of the litigation, U.S. District Judge Reed O’Connor issued a preliminary injunction barring the administration from enforcing the guidance nationwide. Although the Justice Department under the Obama administration filed an appeal with the U.S. Fifth Circuit Court of Appeals seeking along with a request to limit the scope of the injunction to the 12 plaintiff states, a legal brief under Sessions withdraws that second request and declares the Trump administration is “currently considering how best to proceed in this appeal.” During the White House briefing, Spicer denied the timing for revoking the guidance meant it was a priority for the president and said the decision is based on the Gloucester County Schools v. G.G. case pending before the Supreme Court. Arguments are set for March 28. “It’s dictated by that,” Spicer said. “The Obama administration had issued joint guidance from the Department of Education and the Department of Justice. We now have to decide whether or not this administration wants to continue that track that they were on. It’s plain and simple if we don’t.” Explaining the decision to reverse course, Spicer said a review from the Education and Justice Departments under Trump identified “areas of concern,” such as the interpretation of Title IX to apply to transgender students. “And so, it’s incumbent upon us to actually follow the law and recognize that Title IX never talked about this; it was an act of 1972,” Spicer said. “There was no discussion of this back then, and to assume certain elements of the law were thought of back then…would be completely preposterous.” Despite Spicer’s words, a long body of case law — including a determination from the U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission in 2012 and rulings from federal appeals courts as far back as 2000 — have determined the prohibition on sex discrimination in federal civil rights laws like Title IX apply to transgender people. The 1989 U.S. Supreme Court case Price Waterhouse v. Hopkins, which found the law covers not just discrimination on the basis of sex, but also sex stereotyping, formed the basis for those decisions. Gary McCaleb, senior counsel with Alliance Defending Freedom, was among those cheering Trump for following up on his campaign promise to rescind the guidance. “The privacy, safety, and dignity of young students should be the first concern of every local school official across America,” McCaleb said. “The Obama administration radically distorted a federal law that was meant to equalize educational opportunities for women and then forced local officials to intermingle boys and girls within students’ private facilities like locker rooms, hotel rooms on school trips, and restrooms. The Trump administration would be right to return to the rule of law by rescinding the Obama administration’s misleading guidance.” The action comes despite calls from transgender advocates to keep the policy in place. On Tuesday, the Human Rights Campaign promoted a letter to Trump signed by more than 1,000 parents of transgender children calling on him to preserve the guidance. “Like all parents, all we want is for our children to be healthy, safe, and loved,” the letter says. “No young person should wake up in the morning fearful of the school day ahead. When this guidance was issued last year, it provided our families — and other families like our own across the country — with the knowledge and security that our government was determined to protect our children from bullying and discrimination. Please do not take that away from us.” In the 2015 U.S. Transgender Survey conducted by the National Center for Transgender Equality, more than three-quarters of those who were out or perceived as transgender at some point in kindergarten through high school experienced at that time some from of mistreatment, such as being verbally harassed, prohibited from dressing according to their gender identity, disciplined more harshly, or physically or sexually assaulted. The survey doesn’t look specifically at the degree to which transgender students were barred from the restroom or locker room consistent with their gender identity. However, the survey found 59 percent of respondents reported in the past year they had avoided using a restroom, such as in public, at work, or at school, because they were afraid of confrontations. Nearly one-third of the sample avoided drinking or eating so they wouldn’t have to use the restroom, and eight percent reported having a urinary tract infection or kidney-related medical problem as a result of avoiding restrooms. Chad Griffin, president of the Human Rights Campaign, lambasted Trump for the decision to revoke the guidance in a statement and said it would only serve to harm transgender youth. “What could possibly motivate a blind and cruel attack on young children like this?” Griffin said. “These transgender students simply want to go to school in the morning without fear of discrimination or harassment. The consequences of this decision will no doubt be heartbreaking. This isn’t a ‘states rights’ issue, it’s a civil rights issue. Children deserve protection from bullying no matter what state they live in. Period.” Even though the guidance is rescinded, transgender advocates insist transgender students can still sue on their own if they feel they’ve experienced discrimination in schools under the provision of Title IX barring discrimination of the basis of sex. Because of the order from O’Connor, the guidance wasn’t an option for relief anyway. But the plans could have an impact on pending litigation before the U.S. Supreme Court in which Gavin Grimm, a transgender student in Virginia, is suing his Gloucester County high school to use the restroom consistent with his gender identity. The court accepted the case to evaluate whether courts should defer to the guidance, a point that now seems moot, as well as whether Title IX prohibits schools from barring students from using the restroom consistent with their gender identity. bathroom billbathroomsbetsy devosdonald trumpeducationgaygay atlantalgbtlgbt atlantalgbt studentspresident obamatransgendertransgender rights 5 LGBT things you need to know today, Feb. 23 Georgia House announces LGBT-inclusive civil rights bill in wake of ‘religious freedom’ legislation Inside ‘Love Won Out’ The World’s Happiest Countries Protect their LGBTQ Citizens Shannon Hames: Change for the better Georgia Equality announces endorsements in Atlanta City Council, other city races	cc/2019-30/en_head_0049.json.gz/line13208
__label__wiki	0.78497	0.78497	Thanks for visiting the home of the International Hockey Lineal Championship – created as a fun way to follow the lineal progression of international hockey in a boxing / wrestling style, “king of the hill” competition, where every game could potentially mean a new world champion! Inspired by the amazing Unofficial Football World Championships, the IHLC was born to follow a similar path to see who hockey’s latest unofficial champion would be, and where they rank among the world’s best by how long they can keep the “title” by defending it in “championship matches.” Tracking from Belgium’s victory over France in the first ever internationally-sanctioned game in 1905, the IHLC follows 100+ years of history, with over 400 title changes amongst 20+ countries in men’s, women’s and under-20 junior competition. Due to political boycotts, NHL involvement (or lack thereof) in international tournaments throughout history, and the ever-changing formats of the IIHF World Championship and Olympic tournaments, the title has been held by the likes of perennial powerhouses Canada, the United States and Russia (sometimes for years at a time), and even by the likes of less powerful squads such as Poland, Italy and Japan. And the advancement of both junior and women’s hockey since their first international tournaments in 1974 and 1987, respectively, has brought an entirely different stream of competition to the IHLC. As the game continues to evolve, and with emerging nations improving every year, the title will surely become more competitive than even the IIHF could have ever imagined, when the IIHF formed in 1908 with four member nations (mind you, neither of which were Canada or the United States). Whether during the annual World Championship, the quadrennial Olympic Games, or the semi-recurring (and we use “semi” very lightly) World Cup Of Hockey, every game has the potential to be a title game. How can you make every game more exciting than that?	cc/2019-30/en_head_0049.json.gz/line13209
__label__wiki	0.509471	0.509471	Republicans Aren’t Christians community » Discussions » Category » News & Politics » Discussion » Republicans Aren’t Christians Via: don-overton •et; 2 months ago •et; 0 comments While the Republicans claim to be true believers they actually eschew the moral teachings of Jesus of Nazareth. S E E D E D C O N T E N T The log for the eye of the right Whether it’s fiscal austerity, Benghazi, or opposition to gun control, the Republican Party is remarkably disciplined. Day after day, press conference after press conference, Republican members of Congress speak from the same hymnal. But it’s not a Christian hymnal. While the Republicans claim to be true believers they actually eschew the moral teachings of Jesus of Nazareth. Beginning in the ‘50s, Christianity began to infiltrate American politics — in 1954 the phrase “under God” was added to the pledge of allegiance. Thirty years later, during the Reagan presidency, Republicans rebranded as the “Christian Party” and labeled Democrats the Party of secular socialism. The election of George W. Bush heralded a second wave of Republican religiosity. Dubya emphasized his fundamentalist credentials and his decision “to commit my heart to Jesus Christ.” During the 2000 presidential campaign, Bush was asked what “political philosopher or thinker” he identified with most and responded, “Christ, because he changed my heart.” But after 9/11, Bush’s heart hardened. Dubya began to speak of the war on terror as a “crusade.” On June of 2003, in a conversation with Palestinian leaders , the President said, “I’m driven with a mission from God. God would tell me, ‘George, go and fight those terrorists in Afghanistan.’ And I did, and then God would tell me, ‘George go and end the tyranny in Iraq,’ and I did.” Dubya’s messianic slant on Christianity tailored his image as commander-in-chief but had little impact on domestic policy. Evangelical minister Jim Wallis recalled a February 1, 2002, conversation where he told President Bush: In the State of the Union address a few days before, you said that unless we devote all our energies, our focus, our resources on this war on terrorism, we’re going to lose... Mr. President, if we don’t devote our energy, our focus and our time on also overcoming global poverty and desperation, we will lose not only the war on poverty, but we’ll lose the war on terrorism. Dubya flashed a bewildered smile and walked away. Wallis observed: When I was first with Bush in Austin, what I saw was a self-help Methodist, very open, seeking... What I started to see at this point was the man that would emerge over the next year — a messianic American Calvinist. Indeed, many describe the Republican political faith as “American Calvinism.” It borrows several notions from the sixteenth century French theologian: the Bible is infallible; the “law” is driven by the Ten Commandments, rather than the teachings of Jesus; humans are totally depraved; and God has predestined who will be saved. Despite its austere nature, Calvinism strongly influenced the original American settlers — many of who were Presbyterians. One historian noted, “in England and America the great struggles for civil and religious liberty were nursed in Calvinism, inspired by Calvinism, and carried out largely by men who were Calvinists.” During the ‘80s American Calvinism morphed into a conservative political ideology with the formation of the Christian Right. James Dobson, Jerry Falwell, Ralph Reed, Pat Robertson, and others preached on political subjects and touted conservative “Christian” candidates. In Republican hands, contemporary Calvinism has had two thrusts. It fomented the culture wars and accused Democrats, and non-believers, of advocating “sixties values” that would destroy home and community. The Christian Right was against abortion, same-sex marriage, the teaching of evolution, and the separation of church and state; they were for homeschooling, limited Federal government, and Reaganomics. The second Calvinist thrust promoted capitalism. In his classic, The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism, German sociologist Max Weber observed that not only did the protestant work ethic promote capitalism but also worldly success became a measure of the likelihood of one’s salvation. “He who has the most toys, wins.” Given the strong influence of Calvinism on Republican politics, it’s not surprising the GOP favors the rich, opposes new taxes, and continues to support Reaganomics with its myths of “trickle down economics” and “self-regulating markets.” Nonetheless, American Calvinism has become so extreme that it no longer deserves to be called Christianity. Jesus’ first commandment was to love God. But his other teachings are about loving those around us. His second commandment was “love thy neighbor as thyself.” Jesus amplified this in his Sermon on the Mount: blessed are the poor in spirit, those who mourn, the meek, those who hunger and thirst for righteousness, the merciful, the pure in heart, the peacemakers, and those who are persecuted for righteousness’ sake. Jesus was not a Calvinist or a capitalist. He disdained worldly possessions: “It is hard for a rich man to enter the kingdom of heaven... it is easier for a camel to go through the eye of a needle than for a rich man to enter the kingdom of God.” Republican policy no longer represents the teachings of Jesus. The GOP favors the rich and ignores the poor, disadvantaged, sick, elderly, long-term unemployed, and other unfortunates. Republicans may be religious, but they’re not Christians. jrDiscussion - desc about \| terms of service \| privacy policy \| code of conduct \| contact us ©2019 The NewsTalkers social media script \| Powered by Jamroom	cc/2019-30/en_head_0049.json.gz/line13212
__label__wiki	0.988129	0.988129	By Joel Rabinowitz Exploring Scandinavia’s love affair with Liverpool Football Club Scouse. The universal term to describe a person, style of music, or particular attitude distinct to the city of Liverpool. More specifically, it pertains to a meat and potato stew renowned in the region. Yet the dish itself was not invented in Liverpool, but imported by Norwegian sailors during the 18th century. Lapskaus is where the term ‘Scouse’ originates from and this culinary link is one of the many deep-rooted connections between Liverpool and Scandinavia – a special relationship encapsulated by the Nordic countries’ love affair with Liverpool Football Club. On Park Lane, in Liverpool’s bustling Baltic Triangle, one can find the impressive Gustav Adolf Church, originally built for Nordic sailors on their voyage to the New World between 1883 and 1884. It’s a potent architectural symbol of the long-standing ties between Liverpool and Scandinavia which endure to this day. There are no precise figures available, but it’s fair to say Liverpool’s Nordic fan base has exploded over the past 50 years. By 2014, a survey of 13,000 Premier League fans in Sweden found that 34.1% supported the Reds, making them by far the most popular English club at the time – although the arrival of Zlatan Ibrahimovic at Manchester United in 2016 is likely to have shifted the balance somewhat. Nonetheless, Norway, Sweden and Denmark represent hot spots of the Liverpool diaspora, while the fondness for the club also extends beyond Scandinavia and into nearby Finland, Iceland and the Faroe Islands. The primary reason for such an agglomeration of Liverpool supporters throughout these countries is the broadcasting of English football by state-owned television companies throughout the 1970s and 1980s, the richest period of success in the club’s history. It was during this era that the Norwegian state television company, Tippekampen, along with its Swedish (Tipsextra) and Danish (Tips Lørdag) counterparts, began showing one English top-flight game per week, while a similar scheme operated in Finland. Liverpool’s exciting brand of football and ensuing success made them a regular pick for the broadcast slot, and tuning in for matches became a ritual for many. “It became a huge success,” explains Norwegian supporter Marius Sletten. “People were stuck to their TV screens every Saturday when the football was on. Since Liverpool had their success in this era, a lot of people fell in love with the club. From then on, LFC has been super popular.” By the early 1990s, the countries’ respective governments began to sell their football coverage to new commercial channels, but by this point the Scandinavian fascination with Liverpool had become deeply ingrained. For many young adult supporters today, their affiliation is credited to their fathers who inspired their offspring to follow the club having witnessed the glory days themselves, keen to pass the connection on to the next generation. While family tradition can therefore be seen as the catalyst for today’s wave of Scandinavian Liverpool supporters, the legacies of multiple players from the region also helped to pique the interest of younger fans. Håvard Øien, from Oslo, cites one figure in particular for inspiring his passion for Liverpool. “As a Norwegian, it was huge when John Arne Riise signed for the club in 2001,” he explains. “I remember that Liverpool got a lot more media attention over here when Riise joined. That made it easier for a young lad to follow the club. As a fellow Scandinavian, I also felt proud when Daniel Agger signed for the club.” “Liverpool have had some really talented players from Scandinavia over the years,” says Swedish supporter Adam Petersson, making a similar case. “Sweden is not the biggest football country, so we’re really proud of Glenn Hysén, for example.” Likewise, Danish fan Theis Tolkamp considers Jan Mølby and Agger to be figures of national pride, while he also acknowledges how Christian Eriksen and Kasper Schmeichel have fostered a growing interest in Tottenham and Leicester across the country. Perhaps the most interesting case study, however, is Finland, a country which historically bridged the geographical and cultural divide between Scandinavia and the Soviet Union. Mika Suonsyrjä, who has supported the club for 27 years, explains why the Reds are so popular among his countrymen and women: “Following Istanbul in 2005, a generation of younger Finnish Liverpool supporters became known as ‘SamiPool’ supporters – inspired by Sami Hyypiä, along with Jari Litmanen in the early 2000s. From that point, Liverpool games were always chosen for coverage in Finland.” Litmanen arrived at Liverpool as a bona fide superstar following his previous exploits at Ajax and Barcelona, but he never quite lived up to expectations at Anfield. He and Hyypia – who goes down in history as one of the club’s greatest ever signings – won 12 consecutive Finnish Footballer of the Year awards between 1992 and 2003, with the latter winning another four before his retirement. Nations like Finland don’t boast a glut of footballing icons, so the fact that two of their highest profile players spent time at Liverpool naturally drew many of its citizens to the Merseyside outfit. Riise, Agger and Hyypiä all won major trophies at Anfield, which helped cement the interest which originally emerged in the 1970s and ’80s – particularly after the Reds claimed their fifth European Cup with victory over Milan in 2005. There is a tendency among some to consider foreign supporters intrinsically inferior; their support less authentic than the core of locals who live in the city and attend games at Anfield on a weekly basis. Recent protests over ticket costs and the consequent pricing out of some fans has coincided with debates about the apparent dissipation of Anfield’s famous atmosphere, all of which have produced a backlash against ‘tourists’ and ‘day-trippers’. Far from diluting local traditions and polluting Liverpool’s rich socio-cultural heritage, however, Scandinavian supporters recognise and celebrate the history and values of the club. There are several cultural similarities between Liverpool and the Nordic countries which further enhance their relationship, most notably the prominence of socialist ideologies. “I started visiting Liverpool for the first time and I felt like these people were like Icelandic people, only from a different country,” Icelander Oli Juliusson confirms. “The people of Liverpool were my people: working class, proud of their heritage and, at the same time, citizens of the world. We are people moulded by hard work and hard weather.” Clark James, founder of the ‘LFC Denmark Family’ Facebook page, which boasts over 30,000 followers, insists supporting Liverpool is about far more than simply following a football team for 90 minutes every week. “I think it’s very important to understand the history of the club and the culture of the city to really get what the club is all about,” he says. “After what the city went through during the Thatcher regime in the ’70s and ’80s, it fought long and hard and stood together. This unity was only made stronger after Hillsborough. In Denmark we can really relate to this ‘us against everyone else’ mentality that Liverpool has. We have a history of standing up for each other and caring about our values. I think it’s very similar to the Scouse mentality.” “Derbies against Manchester United are so much more than just a game of football between the two most successful English teams,” says Jonathan Lautmann from Stockholm. “It’s effectively a derby between two cities competing with each other since the industrial revolution.” The depth of appreciation for the wider aspects of the club and the city is clear to see, with Scandinavian supporters believing they have a certain obligation to respect Liverpool’s local core. “I would never want the club to make any initiatives to make it easier for me and harder for Liverpudlians to see the games,” explains Niklas Kiær, a Reds follower from Denmark. “I’m very aware that it isn’t my city.” Likewise, Norwegian fan Kristoffer Amundsen insists: “I care a lot about our history, and I have enormous respect for the local fans. Ultimately, they are what make our club great.” While the Scandinavian supporters are attuned to the particularities of the club and the city, they are also proponents of their own unique Liverpool supporter culture, which fosters a social rapport between people who otherwise wouldn’t come into contact. Eyðun Trúgvasonn, from the Faroe Islands, described a Facebook group, Liverpool Føroyar, which contains 3000 Faroese Liverpool fans – which amounts to a remarkable 6% of the country’s entire population. A sizeable group gather in the capital, Torshavn, every matchday to watch games together. Trúgvasonn suggests Liverpool’s popular rock and roll scene of the 1960s may be one of the key factors behind the extraordinary degree of devotion. “There are a few explanations for why Liverpool are so popular on the Faroe Islands,” he says. “I think The Beatles, certainly, have played a big part in that. There are many older fans here who loved The Beatles and became interested in Liverpool as a result.” Meanwhile, Gothenburg-based Arvid Gustafsson describes the thriving matchday culture of watching games in pubs exclusively filled by fervent Liverpool supporters. “The recent game versus Man City at Anfield had such a special feeling about it. When [Alex] Oxlade-Chamberlain scored, the whole place erupted and people who were complete strangers hugged each other. You are united because of LFC, and it’s the best feeling in the world.” In Copenhagen, Clark James also speaks glowingly of being part of a Scandinavian Liverpool community, which has been responsible for the formation of countless friendships over the years. “I personally really enjoy the social aspects of being a Liverpool supporter in Denmark,” he says. “I’ve met many fantastic people in association with watching my beloved club play.” Several ex-professionals have travelled to Scandinavia to sample such experiences, with the likes of Ian Rush, John Aldridge and John Barnes having attended supporter events in Malmö. A love for Liverpool doesn’t preclude Scandinavians from embracing local sides; for many, following the Reds from afar supplements their support for a club based in their own country. In this context, the emergence of social media has become a crucial tool which helps thousands of Liverpool fans across the world to keep up to date with the latest news and opinion around the Reds. “With social media I have been able to find many more LFC fans from all around the world, and they all seem to be like-minded,” confirms Anssi Hiitiö, a Finnish supporter from a relatively remote municipality 50 kilometres north of Helsinki. Despite being geographically disconnected from Liverpool, the plethora of historical factors and cultural similarities has cultivated a rich and dedicated supporter community in Scandinavia. While the pressures of globalisation and commercialisation bring multiple challenges in terms of preserving local identity in the modern football landscape, Scandinavian supporters’ spatial separation is no barrier to the powerful bond they’ve built and upheld with Liverpool. As Norwegian supporter Ole Sandsmark proclaims: “The way football has developed and grown, there is no reason why I cannot identify as a massive LFC fan, just because I lack geographical affiliation.” Liverpool are a global institution, and while the club shouldn’t compromise its local traditions as a result, its ever-expanding fan base is an essential part of its existence as a multinational sporting entity. The Reds’ dedicated Scandinavian following is proof of that. Previous articleBehind the scenes at the OptaPro Analytics Forum Next articleGreat Goals That Weren’t: Diego Maradona vs England (1980) Two nights, two games, one city: Attending the Copa Libertadores semi-finals in Buenos Aires “Look mate, you’re going to need to sit in the front. If…	cc/2019-30/en_head_0049.json.gz/line13217
__label__wiki	0.963492	0.963492	Read Next: HBO's Return to Emmy Nomination Dominance May Be Short-Lived (Column) August 8, 2001 7:05PM PT Emmys nominees: Acad honors Showtime, CNN Diversity, outstanding achievement rewarded Cablers Showtime and CNN are the recipients of the Academy of Television Arts & Sciences 2001 Governors’ Award, which will be presented at the Creative Arts Awards ceremony Sept. 8 at the Pasadena Civic Auditorium. The kudo recognizes the achievements of a company or organization whose work stands out with the immediacy of current achievement. CNN and Showtime are being recognized “for their innovative and positive programming,” says Meryl Marshall-Daniels, ATAS chairman and CEO. Showtime is being honored for its diverse programming. Last year it bowed “Resurrection Blvd.,” a weekly hourlong drama that features a Latino cast; “Soul Food,” an African-American family drama based on the 1997 film of the same title; and “Queer as Folk,” about the gay cultural scene in Pittsburgh. CNN, which debuted 20 years ago, changed TV news coverage by reporting events as they happen, where they happen and broadcasting worldwide 24 hours a day. Tina Fey, Ted Danson Comedy Series Ordered at NBC NBC is bringing together two of its biggest stars in Ted Danson and Tina Fey for a new comedy. The network has issued a straight to series order for a comedy in which will star Danson as a wealthy businessman who runs for mayor of Los Angeles for all the wrong reasons. Once Danson’s character [...]	cc/2019-30/en_head_0049.json.gz/line13220
__label__wiki	0.583703	0.583703	NewsParticipation Venezuelan Government Continues Push for Dignified Housing After reaching its construction goal for 2012, The Venezuelan government renewed its pledge to provide affordable and dignified housing for all citizens during a special meeting held last Friday between state governors and members of the Executive branch. housing_mission.jpg Venezuelan government continues push for dignified housing (AVN) By Correo del Orinoco International Jan 18th 2013 at 1.59pm Housing mission The encounter, led by Vice President Nicolas Maduro and the Chair of the nation’s Housing Commission, Rafael Ramirez, took place in the capital of Caracas and addressed the government’s strategy to meet the ambitious goal of building three million homes in the South American country by 2019. Such a goal, Ramirez affirmed, can and will be met if the community and the government work together. “In the years 2011 and 2012, the Bolivarian government together with the people reached the goal of building 350,000 homes... This year, we have an extraordinary goal of 380,000 homes”, said the Commission Chair and also Venezuelan Oil Minister. Since the birth of the social program Mission Housing Venezuela in 2011, the Chavez administration has been responsible for facilitating the construction of some 480 homes every day in Venezuela. “That’s to say, 20 homes per hour and three per minute”, Ramirez stated. But to guarantee that the housing efforts continue to reach established targets, government officials expressed the necessity for greater regional coordination. As such, Friday’s meeting focused on how to better articulate local organizations and governing bodies with national policies. A timeline to meet targets is also being created. “This will permit us to plan in detail, state by state and municipality by municipality, the distribution of these 380 thousand homes that will benefit thousands of Venezuelans”, Ramirez said during the meeting. Massive investment In total, Mission Housing Venezuela has seen an investment of more than 98 billion bolivars ($22 billion) over the past two years and represents one of the boldest initiatives of the Chavez government to date. Over three million tons of cement, a million tons of steel and 753 million concrete and brick blocks have been used for the program, prompting a growth in the nation’s construction sector from 5 percent to 16.8 percent of Venezuela’s GDP. “It’s important to point out the amount of resources that have been invested in this mission by the revolution and President Chavez”, Minister Ramirez said. Key to the mission’s success has been the work carried out by community members who through local councils have organized themselves to build 36 percent of the 350,000 homes constructed since 2011. Housing and Habitat Minister Ricardo Molina is expecting to see that percentage rise significantly in the coming year. “This year, people are going to be responsible for the completion of 62 percent. This is an enormous jump and we’re sure that we’re going to be able to attain it due to the level of organization that has been developing in the country”, Molina said during Friday’s meeting. One of the most organized states has been that of Yaracuy where grassroots community councils have built over five thousand new homes in the past year and a half. One of the residents who participated in the mission is Griselda Mendoza, mother of two, who registered for the program once the original housing census was carried out in 2011. “When the people get organized, the results are extraordinary. I have my home thanks to the fact that the people are now managing the policies of the state. That’s something that didn’t happen before because those who governed played with supply and demand to the benefit of certain groups”, Mendoza said during the delivery of 34 new living units in the mid western state. Maria Yovera, another beneficiary from the same state, echoed Mendoza’s sentiments. “I have two little girls who live with me in a shack that used to get drenched when it rains and we didn’t have anywhere to go. With the help of the community council, I was able to secure my home through Mission Housing Venezuela. Today has changed my life and the lives of my children”, Yovera said. While thousands of ordinary Venezuelans have benefited from the government’s program, Minister Molina highlighted the fact that families affected by coastal flooding and heavy rains are being given priority in the housing construction. “[There are] 11,500 families that entered into shelters at the end of 2010 and the beginning of 2011 and that are still there. But by April this year, they all should be in their new homes”, Molina said. Vice President Nicolas Maduro reiterated this point in a speech given to the participants of last week’s plenary where he explained the need to “work twice as hard” for the program initiated by President Hugo Chavez. “Doing this for [Chavez] is the same as doing it for the people”, Maduro said. The VP also explained that the mission is available for all Venezuelans, including the middle class who the second-in command said can “count on the Bolivarian government”. Maduro encouraged residents to communicate housing deficits through an 800 number established by the government to receive and classify the population’s needs. Residents must also “go to the large cities such as Caracas where people are living in mountain precipices and in poor conditions” in order to better plan the next steps of the program for the coming years. Outreach efforts such as these, the Vice President affirmed, is why the government will reach its overall goal by 2019. “We are fulfilling the commitment of Mission Housing Venezuela...We have established a powerful machine in which we work together with the people”, he confirmed. Source: Correo del Orinoco International Chavez: Every Venezuelan to Have Dignified Home by 2019 “Whatever it Costs” Venezuelan President Hugo Chavez has made a commitment that every Venezuelan family must have a dignified home by 2019 “whatever it costs”. Venezuela Maintaining Surge in Housing Construction Venezuela continues to see a big surge in housing construction since the government launched the “Great Venezuelan Housing Mission” in April of last year. Communities Playing Greater Role in Venezuelan Housing Construction 96,872 houses have been built through Venezuela’s mass house construction program so far this year, of which almost 50% (48,263) have been built by local...	cc/2019-30/en_head_0049.json.gz/line13222
__label__cc	0.745875	0.254125	Report of the Subsidiary Body for Scientific and Technological Advice on its twenty-third session, held at Montreal from 28 November to 6 December 2005. Scientific, technical and socio-economic aspects of impacts, vulnerability and adaptation to climate change. Draft conclusions proposed by the Chair. Scientific, technical and socio-economic aspects of impacts, vulnerability and adaptation to climate change. Draft conclusions proposed by the Chair. Addendum. Emissions from fuel used for international aviation and maritime transport. Draft conclusions proposed by the Chair. Scientific, technical and socio-economic aspects of mitigation of climate change. Draft conclusions proposed by the Chair. Activities implemented jointly under the pilot phase. Draft conclusions proposed by the Chair. Draft report of the Subsidiary Body for Scientific and Technological Advice on its twenty-third session. Rapporteur: Mr. Ibrahim Al-Ajmi (Oman). Work programme of the Expert Group on Technology Transfer for 2006. Draft conclusions proposed by the Chair. Progress reports. Draft conclusions proposed by the Chair. Cooperation with other conventions, scientific organizations and United Nations bodies. Draft conclusions proposed by the Chair.	cc/2019-30/en_head_0049.json.gz/line13226
__label__wiki	0.767956	0.767956	Christmas television specials As Christmas Crooners Go, Perry Como was a ‘Cool’ One Perry Como may be the most popular Christmas performer of all time. Thanks to his long-standing annual holiday television special and beloved Christmas album released in 1968, Como’s face and voice became synonymous with the sounds of the season. That said he may have been the most misunderstood as well. Como was a one of the “good guys” whose relaxed and laid-back demeanor came across as “lazy” to some, a misguided assessment, since Como was known to be a consummate professional who practiced his craft incessantly. “No performer in our memory rehearses his music with more careful dedication than Como.” a music critic once enthused. Como also made sure each concert met his own personal and strict moral standards. In November 1970, Como hosted a concert in Las Vegas, a comeback of sorts for the Christmas crooner, who hadn’t played a Vegas night club for over three decades. For his grand return, Como was paid a whopping $125-thousand a week. Even Perry was surprised by the remuneration. “It’s more money than my father ever made in a lifetime,” he remarked. But since it was Vegas and befitting the town’s perceived association with mobsters and legalized prostitution, Como’s reputation as a straight-laced performer was questioned. Como quelled any concerns, however, when he chose a safe, clean and relatively unknown English comic named Billy Baxter to warm up the audience before the show. Advisers suggested he pick an act more familiar to Vegas audiences, but Como said no. A typical “Vegas comedian,” as he put it, was simply too dirty. Keeping up the family friendly atmosphere accentuated in his TV specials, Como would lovingly introduce his wife Roselle during the “live” shows. Roselle, who was usually standing backstage and acknowledged the appreciative crowds, was just as adamant as her husband that his clean-cut image went untarnished. After one performance, Roselle received a fan’s note that pleased her immensely. “Not one smutty part, not even a hint,” the note read describing Como’s act in Vegas. “You should be very proud.” Como’s cool temperament was such a recognizable and enduring characteristic that many wondered how much of it was real. Does he ever get upset? was one curious inquiry. “Perry has a temper,” his orchestra leader Mitchell Ayers answered. “He loses his temper at normal things. When were’ driving, for instance, and somebody cuts him off he really lets the offender have it.” However, Ayers added, “Como is the most charming gentleman I’ve ever met.” Como’s popular Christmas television specials ran for 46 consecutive years ending in 1994, seven years before his death in 2001 of complications from Alzheimer’s. (Source: Spartanburg Herald-Journal Nov 21 1970) This entry was posted in History, unrememebred history and tagged American history, Christmas Crooners, Christmas television specials, History, Ken Zurski, Ken Zurski Unremembered, Las Vegas 1970's, Las Vegas History, Perry Como, Perry Como Christmas Album, Roselle Como, Unremembered, Unrememebered History. As Christmas Crooners Go, Perry Como Was As ‘Pure As The Driven Snow’ Perry Como may be the most popular Christmas performer of all time. Thanks to his long-standing annual holiday television specials and beloved Christmas album released in 1968, Como’s face and voice became synonymous with the sounds of the season. Today, however, in a more crowded market for Christmas music and numerous more versions of favorite holiday classics (and new ones too) from more contemporary artists in all genres, Como’s versions might get lost in the mix. But it’s still in there. That said, as a performer, he may have been misunderstood as well. Como was considered one of the “good guys” whose relaxed and laid-back demeanor came across as “lazy” to some, a misguided assessment, since Como was known to be a consummate professional who practiced and rehearsed incessantly. In November 1970, Como hosted a concert in Las Vegas, a comeback of sorts for the Christmas crooner, who hadn’t played a Vegas night club for over three decades. For his grand return, Como was paid a whopping $125-thousand a week, admittedly a large sum for a Vegas act at the time. Even Perry was surprised. “It’s more money than my father ever made in a lifetime,” he remarked. But since it was Vegas and befitting the desert town’s reputation of gambling and prostituition, Como’s reputation as a straight-laced performer was questioned. Keeping up the family friendly atmosphere accentuated in his TV specials, Como would lovingly introduced his wife Roselle during the “live” shows. Roselle, who was usually backstage and acknowledged the appreciative crowds, was just as adamant as her husband that his clean-cut image went untarnished. After one performance, Roselle received a fan’s note that pleased her immensely. “Not one smutty part, not even a hint,” the note read describing Como’s act in Vegas. “You should be very proud.” Como’s cool temperament and sleepy manner was such a recognizable and enduring characteristic that many had to ask if it was real or just an act. Does he ever get upset? was one curious inquiry. “Perry has a temper,” his orchestra leader Mitchell Ayers answered. “He loses his temper at normal things. When were’ driving, for instance, and somebody cuts him off he really lets the offender have it.” However, Ayers added, “Como is the most charming gentleman I’ve ever met.” Como’s popular Christmas television specials ran for 46 consecutive years ending in 1994, seven years before his death from symptoms of Alzheimer’s in 2001. He was 88. This entry was posted in History, unrememebred history and tagged 1970 Las Vegas, American history, Billy Baxter, Christmas television specials, History, Ken Zurski, Ken Zurski Unremembered, Perry Como, Perry Como Christmas Album, Perry Como Christmas Specials, Unremembered, Unrememebered History.	cc/2019-30/en_head_0049.json.gz/line13231
__label__wiki	0.610636	0.610636	86 views this week Heinz Franke German World War II U-boat commander Occupations Korvettenkapitän Submariner Countries Germany A.K.A. Rudolf Heinz Franke Birth November 30, 1915 (Steglitz, Steglitz-Zehlendorf, Berlin, Germany) Death April 5, 2003 (Sasbach, Ortenau, Freiburg Government Region) Authority VIAF id Heinz Franke (30 November 1915 in Berlin-Steglitz – 5 April 2003 in Sasbach) was a German U-boat commander in World War II and recipient of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross (German: Ritterkreuz des Eisernen Kreuzes). The Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross was awarded to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership. Franke joined the Kriegsmarine in April 1936 and served for more than two years on the battlecruiser Gneisenau, and was on board during her two patrols in 1939. Franke transferred to the U-boat force in October 1940 and after training became first watch officer (I WO) of U-84. After three patrols he took command of the school boat U-148 in December 1941, and spent ten months in the Baltic Sea. In October 1942 he was appointed commander of U-262 and on his first patrol he sank the Norwegian Flower class corvette HNoMS Montbretia. In May 1943 Franke was ordered to the Gulf of Saint Lawrence to pick up some captured U-boat men who planned to escape, but the breakout failed. In November 1943, while on patrol with U-262, Franke was involved in three convoy battles; his conduct was marked by diligent efficient shadowing and determined attack, particularly against the last, Convoy SL 140/MKS 31. For this, and despite a lack of success, he was awarded the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross (see citation). In January 1944 Franke was attached to the BdU staff. After serving in several staff positions and in a midget U-boat unit, he took command of U-3509 in March 1945. When the U-boat was damaged on 4 April 1945 he transferred to U-2502, which he commanded up until the end of the war on 8 May. After the war he spent six months in captivity, then served in the German Mine Sweeping Administration. In 1957 he joined the newly formed Bundesmarine, retiring in March 1972 as a Fregattenkapitän. Heinz Franke died on 5 April 2003. Iron Cross 2nd Class - 23 February 1940 U-boat War Badge 1939 - 21 November 1941 Iron Cross 1st Class - 12 December 1941 Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross on 30 November 1943 as Kapitänleutnant and commander of U-262 U-boat Front Clasp - 24 January 1945 Franke's citation on being awarded the Knights Cross read: "Francke has repeatedly been the only one of those participating in operations who has forced his way into the convoy against the strongest air and sea defences. In the present situation the possibilities of sinkings are slight. In awarding distinctions I shall evaluate toughness and tenacity so much the more, even when it is not crowned with success." Franke was the only U-boat commander awarded the Knights Cross in 1943. Biography Awards Citation	cc/2019-30/en_head_0049.json.gz/line13232
__label__cc	0.564017	0.435983	Eyes on Milwaukee Indeed Brewing Coming to Milwaukee Minnesota brewery will open a taproom in Beer City. By Jeramey Jannene - Nov 9th, 2018 10:43 am Indeed Brewing’s future home at 530 S. 2nd St. Photo taken November 8th, 2018 by Jeramey Jannene. Milwaukee’s craft brewing boom continues to attract new entries to the market. While most have been local startups, an out-of-state brewery is now planning to open a local brewery. Minneapolis-based Indeed Brewing plans to open a brewery and taproom in Walker’s Point in 2019. The company purchased the building from developer Juli Kaufmann on Thursday for $542,500. The new 10-barrel brewery and taproom will be located at 530 S. 2nd St., between Movida restaurant and Clock Shadow Creamery. The brewery will use the 8,800-square-foot building as a brewery in front and a taproom in the rear. The building, constructed in 1943 according to city records, is currently vacant. Kaufmann, through Milwaukee Fix Annex LLC, acquired the property in 2015 for $291,000. She opened the adjacent, award-winning Clock Shadow Building in 2012. The craft brewer will be bringing a piece of brewing history with them to the new taproom. They intend to relocate a former Hamm’s tied-house bar to the building from Minnesota. Hamm’s, founded in Minnesota in 1865, is now owned and brewed by MillersCoors. An open-air portion of the taproom is planned for the rear of the building. Indeed was founded in 2012 by Tom Whisenand and Nathan Berndt. The company produces a wide range of beers including B-Side Pilsner, Lucy Session Sour Sale and Day Tripper Pale Ale. According to its website, the company currently has 65 employees. It currently distributes its beer in Minnesota, North Dakota and South Dakota. The Minnesota brewery, located in the Arts District in Northeast Minneapolis, is open seven days a week. The brewery is dog-friendly and does not serve food. Profits from sales on Wednesdays, through the brewery’s Indeed We Can nights, are donated to charity. Indeed won’t be the first brewery in the neighborhood, or even on the street. The company will join Milwaukee Brewing Co. on S. 2nd St., and S. 5th St. staples Urban Harvest Brewing Co., Sprecher Brewing Co. and MobCraft Beer. If you think stories like this are important, become a member of Urban Milwaukee and help support real independent journalism. Plus you get some cool added benefits, all detailed here. Plan Revitalizes Pompeii Square Jul 18th, 2019 by Jeramey Jannene Plan Connects Third Ward, Downtown South Wing of Humboldt Gardens Razed Categories: Arts & Entertainment, Eyes on Milwaukee, Food & Drink, Real Estate 2 thoughts on “Eyes on Milwaukee: Indeed Brewing Coming to Milwaukee” snowbeer says: Their website is out of date, Indeed has been distributing in Milwaukee for 6 months or so. Will be a great addition to the neighborhood. The beer is markedly better than most in MKE.	cc/2019-30/en_head_0049.json.gz/line13233
__label__cc	0.706038	0.293962	International Prostate Cancer Education & Support Network - Us TOO Terms & Conditions \| Prostate Cancer Programs - UsTOO Subscribe to Get Prostate Cancer News Copyright © 2005-2019 Us TOO International, Inc. All Rights Reserved. Us TOO is a 501(c)(3) charitable / not-for-profit worldwide organization established in 1990.To represent the needs of prostate cancer survivors, their families, men at risk, and health care providers, serving our chapters and their members, our supporters, constituencies, patient communities and the health care / research communities. Us TOO accomplishes this by providing leadership through proactive education and publications, public awareness / outreach, and patient / family support networking programs as well as by taking proactive positions supporting more effective screening, enhanced treatment options and increased funding for prostate cancer research. The contents of all material available on this Internet site are copyrighted by Us TOO International unless otherwise indicated. In accordance with Us TOO's purpose of providing balanced, scientific information to the public, Us TOO permits the materials appearing on this Internet site to be reproduced, downloaded, disseminated, published, or transferred, provided that express attribution is given to Us TOO. Us TOO, the Us TOO logo and the Us TOO slogan, "Someone to talk to... who understands", “Us TOO News You Can Use”, Us TOO HotSheets are registered trademarks of the Us TOO International. At certain places on this Us TOO Internet site, live "links" to other Internet addresses can be accessed. In addition, other Internet addresses may contain links to Us TOO’s Internet site. Such external Internet addresses contain information created, published, maintained, or otherwise posted by organizations that are wholly independent from Us TOO. Us TOO does not endorse or control these external Internet addresses, and does not guarantee the accuracy, completeness, efficacy, timeliness, or correct sequencing of information located at such addresses. Us Too International assumes no responsibility for consequences resulting from the use of any of the information herein, or from the use of information obtained at "linked" Internet addresses, or in any respect for the content of such information, including (but not limited to) errors or omissions, the accuracy or reasonableness of factual or scientific assumptions, studies or conclusions, the defamatory nature of statements, ownership of copyright or other intellectual property rights, and the violation of property, privacy, or personal rights of others.	cc/2019-30/en_head_0049.json.gz/line13236
__label__wiki	0.978046	0.978046	FILE - In this May 30, 2018, file photo, then-San Francisco 49ers linebacker Reuben Foster walks on the field during a practice at the team's NFL football training facility in Santa Clara, Calif. Foster has been fined two game checks and reinstated to the Washington Redskins’ active roster after an NFL investigation found he did not violate the league’s personal conduct policy. The league announced Foster’s punishment and new status Friday, April 12, 2019. (AP Photo/Jeff Chiu, File) Redskins' Foster fined, not suspended, after NFL review ASHBURN, Va. (AP) — Reuben Foster has been fined two game checks and reinstated to the Washington Redskins' active roster after an NFL investigation into an incident of domestic violence found he did not violate the league's personal conduct policy. The league announced Foster's fine for two games this season and his new status Friday. Foster will be allowed to participate in all team activities, which includes Washington's offseason program that begins next week. Foster avoided being suspended in the aftermath of a domestic violence charge from November, which triggered a review based on his previous violations of league policies. Prosecutors in Tampa, Florida, decided in January not to pursue a domestic violence case against the 25-year-old, dismissing the first-degree misdemeanor battery charge. "Everyone in this league is held to a higher standard," Redskins President Bruce Allen said. "Reuben understands that his past actions have led a lot of people to doubt him, and he has committed to doing the work necessary to earn the trust of his teammates, our great fans, and the NFL." Foster was arrested at the San Francisco 49ers' hotel in Tampa in November and jailed overnight following an incident involving the second-year linebacker and a companion police identified as the same woman who said Foster hit her in February. The woman later recanted the earlier allegations. The 49ers released Foster, and the Redskins claimed him off waivers but acknowledged he might never play for them. He was placed on the Commissioner Exempt List after Washington added him and finished the season on it. Foster is now cleared to return and play his first game since October. "I am grateful to the Washington Redskins and the NFL for giving me this second chance," Foster said. "I accept the NFL's decision and want to say that I am truly sorry for my past actions and the people who may have been hurt by them." The league says Foster acknowledged responsibility for his actions and has committed to a comprehensive accountability plan developed in conjunction with the NFLPA and the Redskins to avoid future incidents. Allen said the plan includes counseling, a living arrangement, weekly meetings with the team's player engagement director and chaplain, and some community service. "We have been very clear with Reuben that his past does not have to determine his future — but the responsibility is squarely on him to change," Allen said. "Reuben must fully adhere to the plan we have developed for him. Reuben knows that we simply will not tolerate any future conduct that is detrimental to the Washington Redskins organization or to the NFL." The league said it advised Foster that any future incidents will likely result in more substantial discipline. Foster has so far played 16 regular-season games for San Francisco after being a first-round pick in the 2017 draft. "Going forward, I will follow the plan outlined for me and work hard to earn back the trust of my teammates, the NFL, NFL fans and the community," Foster said. "I know that my success is all up to me, and I am committed to not letting you down." Sports governance Professional football	cc/2019-30/en_head_0049.json.gz/line13238
__label__wiki	0.792879	0.792879	President Donald Trump speaks during a Made in America showcase event on the South Lawn of the White House, Monday, July 15, 2019, in Washington. (AP Photo/Alex Brandon) Renewing racist criticism, Trump says many agree with him WASHINGTON (AP) — Defiant in the face of widespread criticism, President Donald Trump renewed his belligerent call for four Democratic congresswomen of color to get out of the U.S. "right now," cementing his position as the most willing U.S. leader in generations to stoke the discord that helped... Trump digs in on racist tweets: 'Many people agree with me' WASHINGTON (AP) — Defiant in the face of widespread criticism, President Donald Trump renewed his belligerent call on Monday for four Democratic congresswomen of color to get out of the U.S. "right now," cementing his position as the most willing U.S. leader in generations to stoke the discord that... A member of an international delegation sketches the site of the Bent Pyramid during an event opening the pyramid and its satellites for visitors in Dashur, Egypt, Saturday, July 13, 2019. The Bent pyramid, listed on UNESCO's world heritage list as part of the Memphis necropolis, is considered a transition phase in pyramids construction that comes between step pyramids and complete pyramids. (AP Photo/Maya Alleruzzo) Egypt opens 2 ancient pyramids for first time since 1960s CAIRO (AP) — Egypt on Saturday opened two of its oldest pyramids, located about 25 miles (40 kilometers) south of the capital Cairo, to visitors for the first time since 1965. Antiquities Minister Khaled el-Anany told reporters that tourists were are now allowed to visit the Bent Pyramid and its... In this undated photo provide by PRM Nautical Foundation on Friday, July 12, 2019, an amphora which dates from between the 7th and 5th centuries BC stands underwater near the shores of the Karaburun peninsula, Albania. A joint Albanian - American underwater archaeological team said they have found 22 amphoras that are at least 2,500 years old off the Albanian coast, which might yield an ancient shipwreck.(RPM Nautical Foundation via AP) 22 ancient amphoras found off Albanian coast TIRANA, Albania (AP) — A joint Albanian-American underwater archaeology project says it has found amphoras that are at least 2,500 years old in the Ionian Sea off the Albanian coast, which might yield an ancient shipwreck. The research vessel Hercules of the RPM Nautical Foundation said Friday they... This image released by PBS shows characters Molly, voiced by Sovereign Bill, left, and her mother, voiced by Jules Koostachin in a scene from the animated series "Molly of Denali." The animated show, which highlights the adventures of a 10-year-old Athabascan girl, Molly Mabray, premieres July 15 on PBS Kids. (PBS via AP) First US children's series with Alaska Native lead kicks off ANCHORAGE, Alaska (AP) — Princess Daazhraii Johnson grew up eating dried salmon and moose-head soup — foods labeled weird by other kids who had no understanding of her culture and traditions. Now the Fairbanks woman and other Alaska Natives are presenting their world to a general audience with "... Prosecco hills inscribed on Unesco World Heritage list ROME (AP) — Italy's northeastern Conegliano and Valdobbiadene hills, home to the world-famous sparkling wine prosecco, have been added to the UNESCO World Heritage list. The UNESCO World Heritage Committee, meeting in Baku, Azerbaijan, on Sunday congratulated Italy and its Prosecco region, located... A man walks in front of Ishtar Gate the archaeological site of Babylon, Iraq, Friday, July 5, 2019. Iraq on Friday celebrated the UNESCO World Heritage Committee's decision to name the historic city of Babylon a World Heritage Site in a vote held in Azerbaijan's capital, years after Baghdad began campaigning for the site to be added to the list. (AP Photo/Anmar Khalil) Iraq celebrates naming Babylon a UNESCO World Heritage site BAGHDAD (AP) — Iraq on Friday celebrated the UNESCO World Heritage Committee's decision to name the historic city of Babylon a World Heritage Site in a vote held in Azerbaijan's capital, years after Baghdad began campaigning for the site to be added to the list. The city on the Euphrates River is...	cc/2019-30/en_head_0049.json.gz/line13239
__label__wiki	0.898661	0.898661	FILE - In this Dec. 20, 2018 file photo attorneys, from left, David Seligman, Nina DiSalvo and Alexander Hood, of Towards Justice, pose outside the organization's office east of downtown Denver. Low paid childcare workers from around the world could soon learn whether they will be getting payments from a proposed $65.5 million class action settlement. A federal judge in Denver is scheduled to hold a hearing Thursday, July 18, 2019, on whether to grant final approval to the deal, which was announced in January. (AP Photo/David Zalubowski, File) DENVER (AP) — About 10,000 live-in childcare workers from around the world will share in a class-action settlement in a case that challenged whether they should be treated as employees entitled to minimum wage or members of the family learning about the United States while helping out at home. U.S... A pedestrian walks across the street from a McKesson sign on an office building in San Francisco, Wednesday, July 17, 2019. Newly released federal data shows how drugmakers and distributors increased shipments of opioid painkillers across the U.S. as the nation’s addiction crisis accelerated from 2006 to 2012. McKesson distributed more than 18% of the nation's opioids from 2006 to 2012 — the most of any company — but said it didn't push sales. (AP Photo/Jeff Chiu) WASHINGTON (AP) — The maker of OxyContin has been cast as the chief villain in the nation's opioid crisis. But newly released government figures suggest Purdue Pharma had plenty of help in flooding the U.S. with billions of pills even as overdose deaths were accelerating. Records kept by the... FILE - In this June 28, 2004, file photo, a customer looks over color chips at a Sherwin-Williams store in Columbus, Ohio. The nation's major suppliers of lead paint have agreed to pay California's largest cities and counties $305 million to settle a nearly two-decade old lawsuit. The settlement announced Wednesday, July 17, 2019, comes after years of legal and legislative battling in California and other states. The settlement is with the Sherwin-Williams Company, ConAgra Grocery Products Company and NL Industries, Inc. (AP Photo/Jay LaPrete, File) SACRAMENTO, Calif. (AP) — The nation's former major suppliers of lead paint have agreed to pay California's largest cities and counties $305 million to settle a nearly 20-year-old lawsuit, attorneys said Wednesday. The settlement comes after years of legal and legislative battling in California and... SACRAMENTO, Calif. (AP) — The nation's major suppliers of lead paint have agreed to pay California's largest cities and counties $305 million to settle a nearly 20-year-old lawsuit, attorneys said Wednesday. The settlement comes after years of legal and legislative battling in California and other... FILE - This Tuesday, Aug. 15, 2017, file photo shows an arrangement of pills of the opioid oxycodone-acetaminophen in New York. Newly released federal data shows how drugmakers and distributors increased shipments of opioid painkillers across the U.S. as the nation’s addiction crisis accelerated from 2006 to 2012. (AP Photo/Patrick Sison, File) Federal data shows opioid shipments ballooned as crisis grew CLEVELAND (AP) — Newly released federal data shows how drugmakers and distributors increased shipments of opioid painkillers across the U.S. as the nation's addiction crisis accelerated from 2006 to 2012. The data, released this week by a federal court in Ohio as part of a far-reaching opioids case... People wait to apply for asylum in the United States along the border, Tuesday, July 16, 2019, in Tijuana, Mexico. Dozens of immigrants lined up Tuesday at a major Mexico border crossing, waiting to learn how the Trump administration's plans to end most asylum protections would affect their hopes of taking refuge in the United States. (AP Photo/Gregory Bull) Trump's new asylum rules go into effect, and opponents sue TIJUANA, Mexico (AP) — Hundreds of immigrants showed up at border crossings Tuesday in hopes of getting into the U.S. but faced the likelihood of being turned away under a new Trump administration asylum rule that upends long-standing protections for people fleeing violence and oppression in their... FILE - This May 11, 2017 file photo shows Andre Shavers, who runs a marijuana delivery business, on a street in Oakland, Calif. A cannabis company is suing Santa Cruz County, claiming that it's violating state law by prohibiting deliveries from out-of-county retailers into certain areas. The East of Eden Cannabis Co. lawsuit filed Friday, July 12, 2019 is the latest development in a heated legal fight over who decides where pot can be delivered in the state. (AP Photo/Eric Risberg, File) California pot seller asks court to void county delivery ban LOS ANGELES (AP) — Another legal fight is underway over home marijuana delivery in California. A licensed cannabis company has sued Santa Cruz County, claiming that it's violating state law by prohibiting deliveries from out-of-county retailers into a swath of unincorporated areas. The East of Eden... LA County to pay $53M over strip searches of female inmates LOS ANGELES (AP) — Los Angeles County will pay $53 million to settle a lawsuit that alleged tens of thousands of women were given invasive group strip searches at a jail, according to court filings Tuesday. The class-action lawsuit was filed in 2010 on behalf of former inmates who said they were... FILE - In this Oct. 2013, file photo, Iowa Workers' Compensation Commissioner Chris Godfrey speaks in Des Moines, Iowa. Former Iowa Gov. Terry Branstad and a staffer discriminated against the state's then-commissioner of workers' compensation, Godfrey, in 2011 because he's gay, and the ex-official is entitled to $1.5 million for emotional distress, a jury said Monday, July 15, 2019. (The Des Moines Register via AP, File) Former Iowa official wins $1.5M in discrimination case DES MOINES, Iowa (AP) — Former Iowa Gov. Terry Branstad and a staffer discriminated against the state's then-commissioner of workers' compensation in 2011 because he's gay, and the ex-official is entitled to $1.5 million for emotional distress, a jury said Monday. Polk County jurors found that...	cc/2019-30/en_head_0049.json.gz/line13240
__label__wiki	0.557361	0.557361	Google Now Ready to Begin ‘Forgetting’ Europeans Last month, several of our favorite PR experts weighed in on a European Union court’s decision to force Google to consider “forgetting” individual Europeans when their search results include unflattering links. The general consensus held that, while this decision could greatly affect European clients, it would almost certainly not spread to the U.S. Yesterday, however, Google announced that it was ready to begin the process of forgetting. Details after the jump. By the end of the month, Google promises to begin removing links. The most important question, of course, is how they will determine which links to erase: they’ve already received a whopping 50,000 requests. “An internal team, led by Google’s legal department, will review each request to decide if it meets the necessary requirements intended to protect Europeans’ online privacy. If Google approves the request, the company will remove the web link within the 28-nation European Union as well as in Norway, Iceland, Switzerland and Liechtenstein.” …and here are the two big BUTS: “…the link would still be available at google.com from anywhere in the world. It remains unclear whether the legal ruling applies only to people living in Europe” While Google has assembled “an advisory group of privacy experts, regulators, academics and company executives”, they will have no real influence over the company’s policies; they’ll only make suggestions. These details almost certainly won’t change PR’s general approach to the matter for U.S. clients, but this is still a story that everyone in the industry should watch closely. http://adweek.it/2kLhAaX Manager, Digital Inventory & Revenue Operations	cc/2019-30/en_head_0049.json.gz/line13242
__label__wiki	0.723365	0.723365	Your Content Here! It appears that you're running an Ad-Blocker. This site is monetized by Advertising and by User Donations; we ask that if you find this site helpful that you whitelist us in your Ad-Blocker, or make a Donation to help aid in operating costs. Hardiness Zone Map for Vietnam (VN) ▼ Sponsored Links ▼ ▲ Sponsored Links ▲ Region Information Data for Vietnam (VN) Vietnam, officially the Socialist Republic of Vietnam (Vietnamese: Cộng hòa xã hội chủ nghĩa Việt Nam), is the easternmost country on the Indochina Peninsula. With an estimated 94.6 million inhabitants as of 2016, it is the world's 15th-most-populous country, and the ninth-most-populous Asian country. Vietnam is bordered by China to the north, Laos to the northwest, Cambodia to the southwest, Thailand across the Gulf of Thailand to the southwest, and the Philippines, Malaysia and Indonesia across the South China Sea to the east and southeast. Its capital city has been Hanoi since the reunification of North and South Vietnam in 1976, with Ho Chi Minh City, also known as Saigon prior to the country’s reunification, as the most populous city. The northern part of Vietnam was part of Imperial China for over a millennium, from 111 BC to AD 939. An independent Vietnamese state was formed in 939, following a Vietnamese victory in the battle of Bạch Đằng River. Successive Vietnamese imperial dynasties flourished as the nation expanded geographically and politically into Southeast Asia, until the Indochina Peninsula was colonized by the French in the mid-19th century. Following a Japanese occupation in the 1940s, the Vietnamese fought French rule in the First Indochina War. On 2 September 1945, President Ho Chí Minh declared Vietnam's independence from France under the new name of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam. In 1954, the Vietnamese declared victory in the battle of Điện Biên Phủ which took place between March and May 1954 and culminated in a major French defeat. Thereafter, Vietnam was divided politically into two rival states, North Vietnam (officially the Democratic Republic of Vietnam) and South Vietnam (officially the Republic of Vietnam). Conflict between the two sides intensified in what is known as the Vietnam War with heavy intervention by the United States on the side of South Vietnam from 1965 to 1973. The war ended with a North Vietnamese victory in 1975. Vietnam was then unified under a communist government but remained impoverished and politically isolated. In 1986, the Communist Party of Vietnam (CPV) initiated a series of economic and political reforms that began Vietnam's path toward integration into the world economy. Demonym Vietnamese Capital Hanoi Anthem Tiến Quân Ca (English: "Army March") Official Motto Độc lập - Tự do - Hạnh phúc ("Independence - Freedom - Happiness") Official Flag Official Language(s) Vietnamese Approximate Size Total 331,212 km2 (127,882 sq mi) Water (%) 6.38 Population 94,569,072 (2016) Currency đong Drives On the Right International Dialing Code +84 Sports The Vovinam, kim ke and bình định martial arts are widespread in Vietnam, while football is the country's most popular sport. Its national team won the ASEAN Football Championship twice in 2008 and 2018, its junior team of under-23 became the runners-up of 2018 AFC U-23 Championship and reach fourth place in 2018 Asian Games while the under-20 managed to qualify the 2017 FIFA U-20 World Cup for the first time in their football history. Its women team also dominating the Southeast Asian Games with main rival of Thailand. Other Western sports such as badminton, tennis, volleyball, ping-pong and chess are also widely popular. Vietnam has participated in the Summer Olympic Games since 1952 when it competed as the State of Vietnam. After the partition of the country in 1954, only South Vietnam competed in the games, sending athletes to the 1956 and 1972 Olympics. Since the reunification of Vietnam in 1976, it has competed as the Socialist Republic of Vietnam, attending every Summer Olympics from 1988 onwards. The present Vietnam Olympic Committee was formed in 1976 and recognized by the International Olympic Committee (IOC) in 1979. Vietnam has never participated in the Winter Olympic Games. In 2016, Vietnam participated in the 2016 Summer Olympics where they won their first gold medal. In 2020, Vietnam will host the inaugural Formula One Vietnam Grand Prix in the city of Hanoi. Area Facts What is the climate like in Vietnam? Due to differences in latitude and the marked variety in topographical relief, the climate tends to vary considerably for each region. During the winter or dry season, extending roughly from November to April, the monsoon winds usually blow from the northeast along the Chinese coast and across the Gulf of Tonkin, picking up considerable moisture. The average annual temperature is generally higher in the plains than in the mountains, especially in southern Vietnam compared to the north. Temperatures vary less in the southern plains around Ho Chi Minh City and the Mekong Delta, ranging from between 21 and 35 °C (69.8 and 95.0 °F) over the course of the year. In Hanoi and the surrounding areas of Red River Delta, the temperatures are much lower between 15 and 33 °C (59.0 and 91.4 °F) while seasonal variations in the mountains and plateaus and in the northernmost are much more dramatic, with temperatures varying from 3 °C (37.4 °F) in December and January to 37 °C (98.6 °F) in July and August. As Vietnam received high rain precipitation with an average amount of rainfall from 1,500 millimitres to 2,000 millimetres during the monsoon seasons, this often causes flood especially in the cities with poor drainage system. The country also are not exempted from being affected by tropical depressions, tropical storms and typhoon. What is the agriculture like in Vietnam? As a result of several land reform measures, Vietnam has become a major exporter of agricultural products. It is now the world's largest producer of cashew nuts, with a one-third global share; the largest producer of black pepper, accounting for one-third of the world's market; and the second-largest rice exporter in the world after Thailand since the 1990s. Subsequently, Vietnam is also the world's second largest exporter of coffee. The country has the highest proportion of land use for permanent crops together with other nations in the Greater Mekong Subregion. Other primary exports include tea, rubber and fishery products although agriculture's share of Vietnam's GDP has fallen in recent decades, declining from 42% in 1989 to 20% in 2006 as production in other sectors of the economy has risen. What is the culture like in Vietnam? Vietnam's culture has developed over the centuries from indigenous ancient Đông Sơn culture with wet rice cultivation as its economic base. Some elements of the national culture have Chinese origins, drawing on elements of Confucianism, Mahāyāna Buddhism and Taoism in its traditional political system and philosophy. Vietnamese society is structured around làng (ancestral villages); all Vietnamese mark a common ancestral anniversary on the tenth day of the third lunar month. The influence of Chinese culture such as the Cantonese, Hakka, Hokkien and Hainanese cultures are more evidenced in the north with the national religion of Buddhism is strongly entwined with popular culture. In the central and southern part, traces of Champa and Khmer culture are evidenced through the remains of ruins, artefacts as well within their population as the successor of the ancient Sa Huỳnh culture. In recent centuries, the influence of Western cultures have become popular among newer Vietnamese generations. The traditional focuses of Vietnamese culture are based on humanity (nhân nghĩa) and harmony (hòa); in which family and community values are highly regarded. Vietnam reveres a number of key cultural symbols, such as the Vietnamese dragon which is derived from crocodile and snake imagery; Vietnam's national father, Lạc Long Quân is depicted as a holy dragon. The lạc is a holy bird representing Vietnamese national mother of Âu Cơ is another prominent symbol, while turtle, buffalo and horse images are also revered. In the modern era, the cultural life of Vietnam has been deeply influenced by government-controlled media and cultural programs. For many decades, foreign cultural influences especially those of Western origin were shunned. But since the recent reformation, Vietnam has seen a greater exposure to neighbouring Southeast Asian, East Asian as well to Western culture and media. What is the cuisine like in Vietnam? Vietnamese cuisine traditionally features a combination of five fundamental taste "elements" (Vietnamese: ngũ vị): spicy (metal), sour (wood), bitter (fire), salty (water) and sweet (earth). Common ingredients include fish sauce, shrimp paste, soy sauce, rice, fresh herbs, fruits and vegetables. Vietnamese recipes use lemongrass, ginger, mint, Vietnamese mint, long coriander, Saigon cinnamon, bird's eye chilli, lime and basil leaves. Traditional Vietnamese cooking is known for its fresh ingredients, minimal use of oil and reliance on herbs and vegetables where it is considered one of the healthiest cuisines worldwide. The use of such meats as pork, beef and chicken was relatively limited in the past, and as a result freshwater fish, crustaceans particularly crabs and molluscs became widely used. Fish sauce, soy sauce, prawn sauce and limes are among the main flavouring ingredients. There is an estimate of 40 Vietnamese dishes with many are usually served as a norm in the country street food culture. Many notable Vietnamese dishes such as bánh cuốn (ride noodle roll), bún riêu (rice vermicelli soup) and phở noodles are originated from the north and were carried to central and southern Vietnam by northern migrants. Local foods in the north are often less spicy than southern dishes as the colder northern climate limits the production and availability of spices. Black pepper is used in place of chillis to produce spicy flavours. Vietnamese drinks in the south also are usually served cold with ice cube especially during the annual hot seasons compared to the north where hot drinks are much more preferable in colder climate. Some examples of basic Vietnamese drinks include cà phê đá (Vietnamese iced coffee), cà phê trứng (egg coffee), chanh muối (salted pickled lime juice), cơm rượu (glutinous rice wine), nước mía (sugarcane juice) and trà sen (Vietnamese lotus tea). What is music like in Vietnam? Bolero music has gained its position in the country since 1930s, albeit with a different style from a combination between traditional Vietnamese music with Western elements. However, the modern Vietnamese music industry, known as V-pop, is currently making its mark in the entertainment field. Many Vietnamese artists have started to collaborate with foreign artists and producers, especially South Korean, to facilitate the entrance of K-pop into the Vietnamese market while also promoting V-pop overseas.For example, in 2014, the South Korean seven-member boy band BTS (방탄소년단) collaborated with Vietnamese singer Thanh Bùi on the single called "Danger". In 2018, South Korean artist and idol Park Ji-yeon (박지연) collaborated with Soobin Hoàng Sơn in two versions of the title track called “Between Us” : "Đẹp Nhất Là Em" in Vietnamese and "우리사이" in Korean to promote the two countries’ partnership in terms of the music industry. V Live, which is a South Korean live video streaming service also collaborated with RBW Entertainment Vietnam (a subsidiary of the Korean entertainment company) to produce Vietnamese-based shows. V Live also launched special monthly mini-concerts called "V Heartbeat Live" to connect V-pop and K-pop idols. Furthermore, South Korean entertainment company SM Entertainment signed an agreement with IPP Group to advance into the country’s market and promote joint business. The company held its 2018 Global Audition in both Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City in search for new talents among the Vietnamese youth. Traditional Vietnamese music varies between the country's northern and southern regions. Northern classical music is Vietnam's oldest musical form and is traditionally more formal. The origins of Vietnamese classical music can be traced since the Mongol invasions in the 13th century when the Vietnamese captured a Chinese opera troupe. Throughout its history, Vietnamese has been the most heavily impacted by the Chinese musical tradition as an integral part along with Japan, Korea and Mongolia. Nhã nhạc is the most popular form of imperial court music. Chèo is a form of generally satirical musical theatre. Xẩm or hát xẩm (xẩm singing) is a type of Vietnamese folk music. Quan họ (alternate singing) is popular in the former Hà Bắc Province (which is now divided into Bắc Ninh and Bắc Giang Provinces) and across Vietnam. Hát chầu văn or hát văn is a spiritual form of music used to invoke spirits during ceremonies. Nhạc dân tộc cải biên is a modern form of Vietnamese folk music which arose in the 1950s while ca trù (also known as hát ả đào) is a popular folk music. "Hò" can not be thought of as the southern style of quan họ. There are a range of traditional instruments, including the đàn bầu (a monochord zither), the đàn gáo (a two-stringed fiddle with coconut body), and the đàn nguyệt (a two-stringed fretted moon lute). What is literature like in Vietnam? Vietnamese literature has centuries-deep history and the country has a rich tradition of folk literature based on the typical 6-to-8-verse poetic form named ca dao which usually focuses on village ancestors and heroes. Written literature has been found dating back to the 10th century Ngô dynasty, with notable ancient authors including Nguyễn Trãi, Trần Hưng Đạo, Nguyễn Du and Nguyễn Đình Chiểu. Some literary genres play an important role in theatrical performance, such as hát nói in ca trù. Some poetic unions have also been formed in Vietnam, such as the tao đàn. Vietnamese literature has in recent times been influenced by Western styles, with the first literary transformation movement of thơ mới emerging in 1932. Posted By Gremelin Posted on January 8th, 2019 ( Posted) Return to the Region "Asia" Return to the Hardiness Zone Index	cc/2019-30/en_head_0049.json.gz/line13244
__label__wiki	0.73417	0.73417	As HIV Transmission Among People Who Inject Drugs Increases, So Does The Need For Action Earlier this month, public health officials in Multnomah County, Oregon reported that the state was experiencing its most substantial HIV outbreak in years and that it was occurring primarily among people who inject drugs. The outbreak in Multnomah County, which includes the city of Portland, has seen 42 people who either inject drugs or who have sex with people who inject drugs contract HIV in the last 18 months. As has been the case in similar injection drug use centered HIV outbreaks, like the one that has impacted people who inject drugs in northeastern Massachusetts, this spike in new HIV infections among people who inject drugs in Oregon has disproportionately impacted those who are at risk for or are experiencing homelessness, with more than half of the 42 newly diagnosed individuals experiencing unstable housing. Health officials in Multnomah County are still unsure if this recent uptick in HIV transmission among people who inject drugs will be predictive of future increases in HIV incidence in the area. For the 5 years prior to 2018, rates of HIV transmission had been declining, but this recent outbreak has undone all of that progress with the number of new diagnoses in the last 18 months almost doubling the combined totals from 2016 and 2017. And, while HIV diagnoses have been trending downward, rates of other sexually transmitted and bloodborne infections like hepatitis C, syphilis, and gonorrhea have been rising for a number of years. At this point in the life cycles of the overdose and HIV epidemics in the United States, the capacity of public health officials and advocates for HIV and drug user health to be shocked has all but worn out. For years now—well in advance of the injection drug use fueled HIV outbreak in Scott County, Indiana in 2015—the harm reductionists, clinicians, and epidemiologists who have been facing these dual crises in their work have been very clear and consistent in their recommendations and warnings: the failure of federal, state and local governments to prioritize public health spending on evidence-based interventions like syringe services programs, easily accessible mediation-assisted treatment for opioid use disorders, increased naloxone distribution, and safer consumption sites would lead to increasingly frequent HIV outbreaks among people who inject drugs. Fortunately for the people of Portland, Multnomah County has an established adequately funded syringe services program and the exclusion of needles and syringes from the state’s drug paraphernalia laws. However, just weeks before news of the HIV outbreak was released, Multnomah County officials were looking to cut nearly $200,000 from the county’s syringe services program budget. In the end, that funding was not cut, but it was only extended for another year, leaving the program’s future on less than solid ground. Meanwhile, in West Virginia, a less encouraging response to the HIV and overdose crises has been taking place. As detailed in a recent article in Mother Jones, another Scott County is brewing and the willingness of some elected officials to embrace best practices has been disturbingly absent. In 2018, the syringe services program in the state’s capital, Charleston, was suspended by the Kanawha-Charleston Health Department after opposition from Charleston’s Mayor and increased restrictions imposed on the clinic that went against best practices, like requiring government issued photo ID from participants and only distributing retractable syringes, made its continued operation untenable. Before it’s closure, the Kanawha-Charleston Health Department’s syringe services program was serving more than 400 people who inject drugs each week and was viewed by the drug using community as a valuable resource that genuinely cared about the people they worked with. Now, it appears as if many of the people who inject drugs in the Charleston area have been forced to go back to harmful injecting practices that could lead to a major HIV outbreak in the region. In a recent qualitative study of program participants by researchers at Johns Hopkins University, one person who injects drugs recounted the terrifying new reality of using drugs when syringe services programs aren’t readily accessible: “It’s an epidemic [syringe sharing]. That’s how bad it’s getting. I mean, you’ve got four or five people sharing a needle, and then they’ll throw it down on the ground and maybe somebody else come along and they pick it up and they think burning it with a lighter will sterilize it. Well, that’s not so. And then the next thing you know, four or five people use that needle. One needle will probably do 15 people.” The Kanawha-Charleston Health Department syringe services program was one of 62 organizations that were awarded funding by the Syringe Access Fund that is managed by AIDS United. In 2018, AU wrote a letter urging officials in the city of Charleston to remove the newly imposed barriers to service that they had implemented so that the people who inject drugs who hailed from as many as 192 different zip codes could access this life saving program. AIDS United will continue to fight for the implementation of best practices around providing health care for people who inject drugs in West Virginia and all across the country. Please check back in with AIDS United’s policy update for more on this issue.	cc/2019-30/en_head_0049.json.gz/line13245
__label__cc	0.625309	0.374691	Dionna Stokes Coordinator, Ignite: Connections that Fuel Success Dionna Stokes is an Akron native who brings a global perspective to workforce development. She has worked in workforce development for 2 years with the Akron Urban League as a Case Manager for the CCMEP (BOSS) program and currently serves as the Project Coordinator of AUL’s newest workforce development program, Ignite: Connections that Fuel Success. Prior to obtaining full-time employment with AUL, she worked seasonal positions within the organization, as a Summer Youth Employment Program Supervisor and Summer Youth Employment Program Coordinator for the County of Summit’s Executive Director, Ilene Shapiro’s Summer Youth Employment Program. Dionna is an alumna of Kent State University, where she was conferred a Bachelor of Arts degree in International Relations, with a minor in Nonprofit Studies. She is currently enrolled in her final year of graduate school at Northeastern University, where she will obtain a Master of Science in Global Studies and International Relations, with a concentration in Global Student Mobility. Dionna’s passion and interest in transforming communities is not limited to the classroom. She leverages technology into service as a Virtual Student Federal Service (VSFS) intern for the U.S. Embassy in Kabul, Afghanistan, as one of the embassy’s coordinators of the Afghan Fulbright Scholars Mentorship program and previously served as a VSFS English as a Second Language intern for the U.S. Embassy in Asmara, Eritrea. Dionna’s academic background reflects her passion for the community in a global context. Nationally, she engages in community service projects between Akron, Oh and Boston, MA as a recipient of the Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. Graduate Student Fellowship, from the John D. O’Bryant African American Institute at Northeastern University. Locally, she is an AmeriCorps alumna of City Year Cleveland with over 1,700 hours of community service and a proud member of Alpha Kappa Alpha Sorority, Incorporated. dstokes@akronurbanleague.org	cc/2019-30/en_head_0049.json.gz/line13246
__label__wiki	0.558824	0.558824	What Is a Sanctuary City? With Sanctuary City's a hot topic in the news, many are left wondering, exactly what is a sanctuary city? While there is no legal definition of a “Sanctuary City,” the term typically refers to the resistance by local governments to aid federal enforcement of an unpopular policy - which in current events, refers to federal immigration policy. Democratic states, such as California, have created Sanctuary City laws as a way to protect immigrants and local business owners from what state government officials assert are discriminatory federal immigration policies. The Trump Administration, in turn, claims that these Sanctuary Laws are protecting criminals who should be deported and are obstructing federal law. The Trump Administration, led by Attorney General Jeff Sessions, has gone so far as to sue the state of California over these "Sanctuary City" laws. The Administration alleges that California overstepped its authority in passing these laws and hopes to have them struck down by the Supreme Court. What are Sanctuary Laws? The Sanctuary City laws of California include three statutes which, among other things: Limit the cooperation of private employers and local jurisdictions with federal immigration-enforcement agents. Require California employers to obtain warrants or subpoenas from immigration agents before giving access to certain business or confidential employment records. Threaten fines of up to $10,000 for business owners who violate the above clause. Restrict local officials from voluntarily providing information about when a suspected undocumented inmate will be released from custody. Prohibit the transfer of a person to federal custody without a judicial warrant. Bar the federal government from using local jail space for immigrants being held on civil immigration violations. Blocking Funding The Trump Administration, in response to the Sanctuary City laws, has also blocked funding of federal grants for states that don't comply with federal immigration policies. The Administration changed the eligibility for the Edward Byrne Memorial Justice Assistance Grants, or JAG grants, to include three criteria - 1) cities must give the federal government 48-hours notice before releasing anyone ICE wants to remain detained; 2) cities must give Immigration and Customs Enforcement agents access to detention facilities; and 3) state and local officials must provide personal information and release dates of undocumented immigrants detained across the state. California's Sanctuary City laws specifically prevent officials from providing that information to the federal government. Last year, a federal judge in San Francisco ruled that blocking the JAG grants based on the above criteria is unconstitutional, and issued a permanent, nationwide injunction blocking it from being enforced. Concurrently, a federal judge in Chicago issued a preliminary nationwide injunction blocking the Justice Department from requiring city officials to give federal agents access to detention facilities. The Chicago judge also barred the Department of Justice from requiring local officials to provide advance notice before releasing undocumented immigrants from custody. Since that time, however, a federal judge in Northern California has decided to allow the federal government to withhold the JAG grants to Sanctuary Cities and states. Judge William Orrick of the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of California ruled that the action on the part of the federal government was not important enough to warrant an injunction. “The injury threatened is not irreparable,” Orrick wrote. “The amount of money at stake is small compared to the state’s budget. Payment is delayed, for the moment. The DOJ appears to be using its regular administrative process to decide whether it will follow its initial inclinations.” Orrick said at some point in the future, the case “may help define the contours of the state’s broad constitutional police powers under the Tenth Amendment and the federal government’s ‘broad, undoubted power over the subject of immigration and the status of aliens.’” With the policies on legal immigration changing so rapidly, these interpretations by the federal courts may prove to be essential in defining the future of the immigration laws in the United States. If you have any questions or would like help with your immigration status during these confusing times, please contact us and we will be happy to help you.	cc/2019-30/en_head_0049.json.gz/line13247
__label__cc	0.520204	0.479796	Pension Death Benefits - The New Rules by Alexander Beard, on Oct 20, 2015 5:27:17 AM Major changes to the tax charges that apply to benefits paid on the death of a pension scheme member have taken effect from 6 April 2015. These changes affect uncrystallised pensions, drawdown pensions and annuities. Under the new rules the key factor is the age at which a member dies. OPTIONS AND TAXATION Member’s age at date of death & Options and taxation at date of death Pre age 75 Tax free lump sum Tax free income via drawdown Beneficiary’s annuity free of tax Age 75 or over Drawdown taxed at beneficiary’s marginal rate Lump sum payment taxed at 45% (expected to be at beneficiary’s marginal rate from 2016/2017). Beneficiary’s annuity taxed at marginal rate. DEATH BENEFITS WHERE A MEMBER DIES PRE AGE 75 A member will be able to nominate any beneficiary and payments to that individual will be made free of tax, whether it is: Taken as a lump sum Accessed through drawdown or Paid to a dependant or not. The nominated person can take the benefits as they choose either as a lump sum or a regular or flexible income. All withdrawals would be free of tax. Beneficiary’s annuities will also be free of tax where the annuitant or member dies under age 75. DEATH BENEFITS WHERE A MEMBER DIES AGED 75 AND OVER As above, the member will be able to nominate any beneficiary to receive the death benefit. Payments to the chosen beneficiary will be subject to income tax at the beneficiary’s marginal rate where the funds are taken as income. There are no restrictions on the level of withdrawals that can be taken i.e. the nominated beneficiary can take the whole fund at once. There is also an alternative option which the Government says it intends to be temporary (until 2016/2017). This allows the beneficiary to receive the benefits as a one-off lump sum payment subject to a tax charge of 45%. This option is to allow for products that do not yet have the flexi-access drawdown option available. Where flexi-access drawdown is available and the recipient’s marginal income tax rate is below 45%, taking the whole lump sum via flexi-access drawdown would be the preferable option. Note though that where a death benefits lump sum takes the recipient’s total income over £100,000, the marginal rate will be 60% on at least some of the benefits as this will result in the loss of some or all of their personal allowance. Where a member or annuitant dies aged 75 or over ‘dependants’ annuity payments will continue to be paid at the beneficiary’s marginal rate of income tax. The new rules will allow annuities to be set up permitting any beneficiary to receive the income. PASSING MONEY DOWN THE GENERATIONS VIA DRAWDOWN The new rules also allow the nominated beneficiary to pass on any unused drawdown funds on their death to their own nominated beneficiary, known as a successor. The same tax treatment will apply but the relevant age will be the age of death of the beneficiary rather than the original member. If the original beneficiary dies below age 75 the successor can receive a tax free lump sum or continue with tax free drawdown. If the beneficiary dies age 75 or over then any benefits can either be taken by the successor as taxable drawdown income or a lump sum taxed at 45%. This gives the potential to pass pension funds down through the generations without ever falling into anyone’s estate for inheritance tax (IHT) purposes. In addition, the funds can remain in a tax advantaged environment and have the potential to provide a tax free income where the member or beneficiary dies before reaching age 75. Technically there is no end to this planning, a successor could also pass their remaining funds down to a further successor and so on. Of course, most members or their beneficiaries will need the funds to provide an income in their lifetimes but this does give members who have other funds a very useful planning option. Simon dies at age 65 with a £200,000 fund. He has nominated his wife; Lindsey aged 60 to receive the funds as she will need them to supplement her own relatively modest income. She decides to take dependant’s drawdown so the funds can remain in a tax efficient environment, remain outside of her estate for IHT and she can benefit from tax free income. Lindsey takes a tax free income of £12,000. A year until she dies at age 74. The fund is then worth around £160,000. Lindsey nominates her daughter Andrea to be her successor. Andrea is aged 48 and a higher rate taxpayer. Andrea also decides to keep the funds in drawdown. She plans to take a tax free income later when she plans to reduce her working hours. If there are any funds left on her death she can pass them on again to her own nominated successor. If Lindsey had survived to age 75 she could have reviewed and potentially updated her nomination. As the remaining funds would then be subject to income tax she could have instead nominated her grandchildren. Her grandchildren are aged 18 and 20. The funds could have remained in drawdown and then used to help fund them through university. The grandchildren could draw funds using their personal allowances each year and if so, minimise any tax payable. Figures are solely to illustrate the planning point and do not represent indications of actual growth BYPASS TRUSTS The new rules will make bypass trusts less attractive and in many cases unnecessary. One of the main uses of the trust currently is to keep the pension funds outside of the spouse’s estate whilst allowing them to maintain access to the funds at the trustees’ discretion. Any unused funds can then be passed down the generations with no IHT on second death. As explained above, this can now be achieved by keeping the funds in pension drawdown. The pension option has the added benefits of the funds remaining in a tax advantaged environment for growth and income. It also avoids any potential IHT periodic and exit charges as well as the administrative complexities of having to use a trust. Of course there will still be situations where a bypass trust may be suitable, for example, where individuals have complex family situations. Here they may desire a greater degree of control over how assets are distributed. However, the additional control will now usually come with a tax cost rather than previously where there was often a clear tax benefit. In addition, to achieve the required control in complex situations, this may need to involve bespoke trusts and the appointment of professional trustees which will further increase the costs. It may be worth reviewing any bypass trusts that have been set up to ensure they are still required in light of the new rules. Where a bypass trust is no longer suitable the member can simply change the nomination in favour of their new chosen beneficiaries and the trustees can distribute the nominal trust fund, normally £10 to one of the beneficiaries. DEATHS BEFORE APRIL 2015 The new rules will apply where the first payment is made on or after 6 April 2015 regardless of the date of death. However, the two year rule still applies to payments of benefits (see below). TWO YEAR RULE The two year rule remains and to ensure the tax advantages, payments to beneficiaries need to be made within two years of the member’s death. The same rule will apply when the nominated beneficiary dies and passes funds onto a successor. The rule also applies where the beneficiaries wants to continue in drawdown. However, they only need to make the designation into drawdown, there is no requirement to take any income. LIFETIME ALLOWANCE (LTA) The lifetime allowance still applies so if the benefits haven’t already been tested against the LTA then they will be and any excess will subject to the LTA charge in the normal way. New benefit crystallisation events ensure that any uncrystallised funds are tested when used to provide death benefits for the nominated beneficiary. Where the member has not made a nomination and has left any dependants, the scheme can only set up drawdown for someone who is a dependant. Where the member has not made a nomination and has not left any dependants, the scheme can nominate any individual to receive drawdown. Schemes retain any existing discretionary powers in respect of lump sum payments. Payments to individuals will be taxed in the same way as to those nominated. It will now be even more important to ensure existing nominations are up to date so that they can make the most of the opportunities the new rules provide. It will also be important to review nominations for any individuals still invested at age 75. The change in the taxation of death benefits at that point may mean an alternative beneficiary is more appropriate. Roger Knapton Partner Alexander Beard Wealth LLP - Leeds branch Topics:Inheritance TaxPensionsUK	cc/2019-30/en_head_0049.json.gz/line13250
__label__wiki	0.771274	0.771274	Marajoara culture indigenous Amazon-river society Burial urn, American Museum of Natural History Marajoara bowl, Museu Nacional The Marajoara or Marajó culture was a pre-Columbian era society that flourished on Marajó island at the mouth of the Amazon River. In a survey, Charles C. Mann suggests the culture appeared to flourish between 800 AD and 1400 AD, based on archeological studies.[1] Researchers have documented that there was human activity at these sites as early as 1000 BC; the culture seems to have persisted into the colonial era.[2] 1.1 Origin of the mounds 2 Agriculture and economy 5 Leadership and inequality 6 Religion and ideology 7 Death 8 Warfare and violence 9 Art and symbolism 11 Ceramics Archeologists have found sophisticated pottery in their excavations on the island; these pieces are large, and elaborately painted and incised with representations of plants and animals. These provided the first evidence that a complex society had existed on Marajó. Evidence of mound building further suggests that well-populated, complex and sophisticated settlements developed on this island, as only such settlements were believed capable of such extended projects as major earthworks.[3] The extent, level of complexity, and resource interactions of the Marajoara culture have been disputed. Working in the 1950s in some of her earliest research, American Betty Meggers suggested that the society migrated from the Andes and settled on the island. Many researchers believed that the Andes were populated by Paleoindian migrants from North America who gradually moved south after being hunters on the plains. In the 1980s, another American archeologist, Anna Curtenius Roosevelt, led excavations and geophysical surveys of the mound Teso dos Bichos, she concluded that the society that constructed the mounds originated on the island itself.[4] The pre-Columbian culture of Marajó may have developed social stratification and supported a population as large as 100,000 people;[1] the Native Americans of the Amazon rain forest may have used their method of developing and working in Terra preta to make the land suitable for the large-scale agriculture needed to support large populations and complex social formations such as chiefdoms.[1] Origin of the mounds[edit] Rossetti et al proposed that the archaeological settlements associated with isolated or compound mounds were "systematically developed on top of extensive elevated surfaces formed due to natural sedimentary processes".[5] Thus, the large Marajoara mounds or tesos are not entirely manmade. Rather, the inhabitants took advantage of the natural, preexisting elevated surfaces and added on top of those to build their earthworks; this interpretation suggests less cumulative labor investment in the construction of the mounds. "Several mounds on Marajo Island and several in Bolivia have yielded radiocarbon dates as early as 1000 to 300 BC in early levels, suggesting that the first mounds of the tradition were built in the Formative, the period when horticulture appears to become widespread for the first time."[6] The earliest phase of human activity on Marajo Island is known as the 'Ananatuba phase'. Agriculture and economy[edit] Marajoara vase Plant remains on Marajo Island show a subsistence pattern that relied heavily on small seed crops, as well as small fish, which were either cultivated or protected by indigenous peoples. Many of the carbonized seed remains have not yet been identified, though they seem to be herbaceous and derived from local grasses (Roosevelt 1991: 377, 405). Trees such as the açai and tucuma palms also provided important supplements in the Marajo diet, as well being used for manufacturing items such as baskets or canoes (Roosevelt 1991; Meggers 1957). Evidence from human remains show that Marajo peoples limited their consumption of starchy root crops like manioc; rather, the heavy wear patterns of teeth suggest a diet based predominantly on seed crops, tree fruits, and fish (Roosevelt 1991: 394-395). Since small fish make up the majority of biomass fauna and there are relatively few terrestrial animals, it follows that pre-historic peoples focused on the abundant populations of small fish (Roosevelt 1991: 23); the method for catching fish was likely very similar to present-day techniques, which involves stunning fish with the poisonous liana plant and collecting them as they float to the surface. This method of mass harvesting is not as useful in the rainy season as it is during the dry months when fish are trapped in receding streams or ponds (Roosevelt 1991: 382-383). The agricultural technology at Marajo is limited to, primarily, stone axes that were introduced in the Marajoara Phase (Meggers 1957: 603). Other stone artifacts include griddles found at Teso Dos Bichos during Roosevelt’s excavations, although these are very rare, their rarity is another marker of the absence of root crops from the diet at Marajo (Roosevelt 1991: 378). Earthen mounds, unlike lithic artifacts, are abundant, they were used for cemetery purposes as well as for habitation, as the low-lying areas are prone to flooding in the rainy season. Mounds may have served a defensive purpose too. Pre-historic peoples of Marajo Island may have also constructed ramps, canals, ponds, and drained fields found near earthworks mounds, but most of the evidence has likely been buried by sediment in seasonal floods (Roosevelt 1991: 33). Evidence for trade networks at Marajo is found mostly in lithics, because the island has no local source of suitable igneous or metamorphic rock (Roosevelt 1991: 9, 348; Meggers 1957: 371). None of the lithic artifacts have been sourced, although they are primarily made from a green, microcrystalline mafic rock (Roosevelt 1991: 348); such greenstones are typically more associated with Mesoamerica, a possible point of origin for Marajo’s imported stone. An increased complexity of ceremonial wares and uniformity of utilitarian wares occurred with the Marajoara phase, suggesting ceramic manufacture became a specialized industry at this time. Sometime into the Marajoara phase, however, there was a decline in characteristics that indicate specialization of ceramics (Meggers 1957: 403-404). Architecture[edit] Many of the excavations on Marajo island have focused on the largest earthen mound sites (Meggers 1957). Smaller mounds and non-mound sites likely outnumber them (Roosevelt 1991: 33). Multi-level stratification of sites by size (Roosevelt 1991: 39) 3 to 4 very large multi-mound sites Os Camutins with 40 mounds, or Fortaleza with 20 (Roosevelt 1991: 33) Housed several thousand people; e.g. Os Camutins had a population of about 10,000 (Roosevelt 1991: 38) Many more smaller multi-mound sites with 3 to 5 mounds each Monte Carmelo (Roosevelt 1991: 33) Numerous single mound sites Teso do Sitio (Roosevelt 1991: 33) Housed between a few hundred and about a thousand people (Roosevelt 1991: 38) Countless low-mound and non-mound sites Mounds predominate in the lowest areas that are most prone to severe flooding (Roosevelt 1991: 31). Mounds were constructed of earthen materials, and garbage was used as fill to maintain them (Roosevelt 1991: 37). Mounds served many purposes (Roosevelt 1991: 333-334, 401-402) Militaristic defense Defense against seasonal flooding The mounds housed residential structures similar to present-day malocas, which are Amazonian longhouses (Roosevelt 1991: 37) These were multi-family structures with several hearths lined up along the center of the building; each hearth likely represented one nuclear family (Roosevelt 1991: 37). The malocas were arranged east to west (Roosevelt 1991: 37) and generally grouped in a concentric oval pattern (Roosevelt 1991: 401). Built of earth, wooden poles, and thatch roofs (Roosevelt 1991: 37) Continuous occupation as evidenced by superimposed layers of structures (Roosevelt 1991: 335). Up to 20 structures built atop one another at some places, such as Os Camutins (Roosevelt 1991: 38). There were permanent cooking facilities made of baked clay and plastered floors, which were frequently repaired over time (Roosevelt 1991: 38, 334-335) There are also monumental earthworks, causeways, ramps, canals, ponds, and drained fields that have been buried by extensive sedimentation (Roosevelt 1991: 33, 331-333, 422) Artifacts[edit] Funerary urn, Collection H. Law Vase, Collection H. Law Travelers in the 1800s noted both the presence of mounds and the beauty of the ceramics found inside them or exposed on their sides.[7] Museums in Europe and the United States began to collect some of the larger and more beautiful pieces, the largest of which are funerary urns. Buried in house floors constructed on the tops of the mounds, the elaborately decorated urns contain the remains of significant individuals; when the individuals died, the flesh was cleared from their bones and the remains were placed in the urns, which were topped with a bowl or platter.[8] The people on Marajo produced many diverse artifacts (Roosevelt 1991: 59-60). Pottery vessels Urns, jars, bottles, cups, bowls, plates, dishes Three functions (Roosevelt 1991: 402) Utilitarian pottery for everyday use Everyday food containers Elaborate containers Figurines, large statues, pubic covers, pendants, ear and lip jewelry, whistles, spindle whorls, and ceramic miniatures of axes, mashers, hammers, and other tools Lithics were very rare because Marajo island has no source of suitable stone (Roosevelt 1991: 9, 348; Meggers 1957: 371) Lithics that have been found suggest they were used as high-status items and gifts, or they were used in craft production (Roosevelt 1991: 396) Basketry, woodworking, pottery-manufacture, food preparation Elaborate pottery vessels were found in garbage fills between houses and in graves, but not around hearths, which contained only plain domestic wares (Roosevelt 1991: 37, 402) Additionally, the low mound and non-mound sites contain very little if any fineware (Roosevelt 1991: 37) Some artifacts are found only at specific sites Teso dos Bichos contains thousands of small ceramic and sandstone abraders, which are very rare or absent from other sites (Roosevelt 1991: 37) The general pattern of change found throughout artifacts on Marajo, especially in ceramics, is one that moves toward more complex, elaborate, and specialized wares through the Marajoara Phase. But later in the Marajoara Phase, specialization and complexity declined. (Roosevelt 1991; Meggers 1957). Leadership and inequality[edit] Although some characteristics do point to stratification, the evidence regarding inequality and leadership is inconclusive as to whether it was gender or class based, or whether it represented centralized rule (Roosevelt 1991: 411). The existence of large mounds and large, multi-family malocas, complex crafts, and intensive subsistence is typically interpreted as evidence for centralized authority and stratified socioeconomic classes. But, this is not an empirically supported assumption (Roosevelt 1991: 417) The fact that women are largely absent from elaborate burial urns and number very few at all compared to male skeletons could be regarded as evidence for gender stratification. However, high-ranking women do not always hold political positions and thus their absence from elaborate burials doesn’t necessarily indicate lower status (Roosevelt 1991: 409) Low-mound and non-mound sites have far fewer, if any, elaborate ceramics. Additionally, elaborate ceramics are found only in garbage and burial contexts, not around hearths (Roosevelt 1991: 339-340); this could suggest that women primarily made and used domestic plainware, while men primarily controlled ceremonial fineware (Roosevelt 1991: 407). Nonetheless, the true relationship between ceramic distribution and social rank is still unclear and needs to be further investigated (Roosevelt 1991: 396). Skeletal traits also point to some sort of stratification, likely between elites and commoners. It was very clear through bone analysis that some individuals were well-nourished and tall, while others were significantly shorter and consumed poorer diets. Further, some skull deformation among the well-nourished skeletons also point to an elite class (Roosevelt 1991: 399). Despite the current evidence, only a few individuals have been examined. A more comprehensive, systematic investigation of burials and houses is required to tell whether the differentiation in food production and consumption was based on class or gender (Roosevelt 1991: 403, 417). There is evidence that women held a lower status relative to men in Marajo, but other evidence suggests women commanded more importance and higher status than they do in contemporary Amazonia. Interpretations of the society are difficult to define. (Roosevelt 1991: 410-411). Women are featured prominently in Marajoara art, portrayed as creators and lineage heroes or founders. Households were matrilocal Women were important in subsistence production Amazonian ethnohistory describes many floodplain societies with matrilineal descent reckoned from a mythical female ancestor. As with the evidence for inequality, the data regarding leadership is inconclusive as to whether or not there was centralized rule (Roosevelt 1991: 420). Ethnohistoric records describe civic-ceremonial leaders. However, the Marajoara existed several centuries prior to European contact and may have been quite different from the later contact-period societies. Marajoara iconography doesn’t suggest a centralized political authority, but does suggest social ranking based on matrilineal genealogy (Roosevelt 1991: 398, 408). Amazonian ethnohistorical evidence points to women holding high socioeconomic status, as well as holding leading political and ritual roles (Roosevelt 1991: 411) A comprehensive settlement survey of Marajo Island should look for indications of centralized organization, and assess structures, artifacts, occupational and status group (Roosevelt 1991: 420). Religion and ideology[edit] The belief system of the Marajo people is not wholly understood, though it almost certainly involved important female figures (Roosevelt 1991). Marajoara iconography and art portrays women with shamanistic powers and roles (Roosevelt 1991: 410), consistent with societies that reckon descent through a mythical female ancestor. There were parallels to Amazonian cosmology, which understands the universe to be gender divided, with men related to the sun and women to the moon. Further, ancestral females regarded as creators in Amazonian cosmology may be represented in Marajoaran iconography (Roosevelt 1991: 412). Marajo settlement patterns are aligned east-to-west, consistent with a gender-divided universe (Roosevelt 1991: 413). It is possible that ancestor worship was very important, as the deceased were placed in urns and buried in the mounds that the Marajoarans used for residence (Roosevelt 1991). Death[edit] The most common type of tomb is the burial urn (Roosevelt 1991: 44) Grave goods typically include lithics and elaborate ceramics (Roosevelt 1991: 396). The skeletal remains preserve very well in burial urns, which were covered with a clayey soil ** (Roosevelt 1991: 426). Few female skeletons have been found yet (Roosevelt 1991: 409). My sources did not discuss the causes of death, but did state there the available skeletons showed relatively few pathologies and lived healthier lives with more nutritious diets than post-contact Amazonians (Roosevelt 1991: 394). Despite the importance, abundance, and ease of excavation, very few Marajo cemeteries have been systematically excavated and analyzed (Roosevelt 1991: 387). Warfare and violence[edit] While skeletal remains have not been analyzed for trauma patterns yet, they do show peculiar signs of muscle development that strongly suggest regular participation in warfare (Roosevelt 1991: 406-407). The patterns of muscle development are similar to those in modern wrestlers, who practice and train specifically to wrestle. Finding similar muscle development suggests Marajoarans trained for combat. The earthen mounds could clearly serve defensive purposes in addition to flood protection. Marajo had no writing system, and thus left no written records Other than the defensive position of residences atop earthen mounds, there really is little evidence that can either confirm or deny the existence of warfare or localized violence. However, the presence of warfare in every other society around the world makes it unlikely that Marajoarans lived in utter peace and tranquility. Art and symbolism[edit] Marajoara ceramic, female symbol? The most common motif found in Marajoara iconography involves female imagery (Roosevelt 1991: 410-415). Females as mythical ancestors, creators, cultural heroes Females portrayed in shamanistic roles and with shamanistic power These female motifs are typically found on ceramic artifacts, either pottery vessels or statues (Roosevelt 1991). The prominence of female imagery in Marajoara iconography suggests that women were not of a lower status than men and were actually highly valued (Roosevelt 1991: 411). However, the female emphasis of iconography doesn’t exclude the possibility of a strong gender dichotomy, as demonstrated by some contemporary Amazonians (Roosevelt 1991: 413). The end[edit] Marajo Island is thought to have been occupied until shortly before European conquest, which puts the abandonment date around AD 1300 (Roosevelt 1991: 405). Abandonment is determined by the fact that structures ceased to be repaired and maintained, and no further building occurred after this time (Roosevelt 1991; Meggers 1957). Unfortunately, we do not yet know enough about Marajo to determine why the island was abandoned (Roosevelt 1991: 97, 405). Ceramics[edit] Travelers in the 1800s noted both the presence of mounds and the beauty of the ceramics found inside them or exposed on their sides.[7] Museums in Europe and the United States began to collect some of the larger and more beautiful pieces, the largest of which are funerary urns. Buried in house floors constructed on the tops of the mounds, the elaborately decorated urns contain the remains of significant individuals; when the individuals died, the flesh was cleared from their bones and the remains were placed in the urns, which were then topped with a bowl or platter.[8] In addition to the urns, ceramic artifacts include plates, bowls, vases, and tangas (female pubic coverings). ^ a b c Mann, Charles C. (2006) [2005]. 1491: New Revelations of the Americas Before Columbus. Vintage Books. pp. 326–333. ISBN 1-4000-3205-9. ^ Schaan, Denise. "Current Research". Marajó Island Archaeology and Precolonial History. Marajoara.com. Retrieved 2007-05-17. ^ Grann, David (2009). The Lost City of Z: A Tale of Deadly Obsession in the Amazon. p. 315. ISBN 978-0-385-51353-1. ^ Roosevelt, Anna C. (1991). Moundbuilders of the Amazon: Geophysical Archaeology on Marajó Island, Brazil. Academic Press. ISBN 978-0-125-95348-1. ^ Dilce de Fátima Rossetti, Ana Maria Góes, Peter Mann de Toledo (2008), "Archaeological Mounds in Marajó Island in Northern Brazil: A Geological Perspective Integrating Remote Sensing and Sedimentology." (PDF) GEOARCHAEOLOGY: AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL, VOL. 24, NO. 1 ^ Neil Asher Silberman, Alexander A. Bauer, The Oxford Companion to Archaeology. Oxford University Press, 2012 ISBN 0199735786 ^ a b Derby, Orville A. (Apr 1879). "The Artificial Mounds of the Island of Marajo, Brazil". The American Naturalist. University of Chicago Press for The American Society of Naturalists. 13 (4): 224–229. doi:10.1086/272316. JSTOR 2449810. ^ a b Schaan, Denise (2009). Marajó: Arqueologia, Iconografia, História e Patrimônio. Textos Selecionados. p. 59. Meggers, Betty J. and Evans, Clifford. Archaeological Investigations at the Mouth of the Amazon, U.S. G.P.O., Washington, D.C., 1957. Roosevelt, Anna C. Moundbuilders of the Amazon: Geophysical Archaeology on Marajo Island, Brazil. San Diego, CA: Academic Press, 1991. Wikimedia Commons has media related to Marajoara art. Marajoara culture artwork, National Museum of the American Indian Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Marajoara_culture&oldid=890409491" Pre-Columbian cultures Archaeological cultures of South America Pre-Columbian indigenous peoples of the Amazon Amazon basin Indigenous peoples in Brazil Articles which use infobox templates with no data rows Anna Curtenius Roosevelt Anna Curtenius Roosevelt is an American archaeologist and Professor of Anthropology at the University of Illinois at Chicago. She studies long-term human-environment interaction, she is one of the leading American archeologists studying Paleoindians in the Amazon basin. Her field research has included significant findings at Marajo Island and Caverna da Pedra Pintada in Brazil, she does additional field work in the Congo Basin. She is the great-granddaughter of United States President Theodore Roosevelt. Roosevelt recalls that, inspired by her mother, a trip to Mesa Verde, she became interested in archaeology at the age of nine, she graduated from Stanford University in 1968 with a Bachelor of Arts in History and Anthropology. In 1977, she earned a Ph. D. degree in anthropology from Columbia University. From 1975 to 1985, she worked as a curator at the Museum of the American Indian. Roosevelt was a guest curator at the American Museum of Natural History from 1985 to 1989, she was a curator of archaeology at the Field Museum of Natural History. Her early field work took her to the Andes mountains of Peru, to Mexico and Venezuela. She is a Professor of Anthropology at the University of Illinois at Chicago. In 1991, Roosevelt published, Moundbuilders of the Amazon: Geophysical Archaeology on Marajo Island, which detailed her work throughout the 1980s on pre-Columbian Marajoara culture, her research team employed remote sensing geophysical surveys, together with excavation. The Marajo Island lies near the mouth of the Amazon River and contains evidence of pre-Columbian settlement. In this work, Roosevelt challenged the theory that the pre-Columbian Amazon was a "counterfeit paradise" unable to sustain complex human culture. Roosevelt posited that this pre-Columbian society was "one of the outstanding indigenous cultural achievements," with a high population and territory, intensive subsistence agriculture, as well as public works; these findings and arguments have led to continuing debates in South American archaeology and anthropology. Meanwhile, they have led others to build upon her work. From 1990 to 1992, Roosevelt led the excavation of the Painted Rock Cave near Monte Alegre in the State of Pará, Brazil; the Monte Alegre rock art contains many examples of ancient rock paintings, including handprints, as well as human and animal figures and geometrics. Dating of these paintings suggests. Roosevelt's investigation found evidence for human habitation in the Amazon much older than known twice as old. Over a 1000-year period, about 10,000-11,000 years ago, humans used the cave and left behind unique projectile points, as well as evidence that they had transported plant seeds from far away to the site, they lived in a different way than the cultures of the earliest-known, Western Hemisphere big-game-hunters, relying instead on the rivers and forest. Suggesting a human reoccupation at the site and along the nearby riverbank was evidence of 7,500-year-old pottery, which would make it the oldest, or among the oldest pottery found in the Americas. Roosevelt's findings suggested that the study of migration of humans into the Americas, as well as the development of civilization in the Amazon, needed to be revisited. Roosevelt continues field work at various sites in Brazil, most at underwater sites in the middle Xingu, to look at the activities of Paleoindians in the interfluves of Amazonia. In addition, she has expanded her research focus to the African Congo Basin, her archaeological work in the Congo basin has centered on preceramic sites the Bayanga in the southwestern Central African Republic. Roosevelt has been elected a fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences and of the Royal Geographical Society, she has been awarded the Society of Women Geographers' Gold Medal. Brazil has awarded her the Order of the Bettendorf Medal. In 1988, she received a five-year fellowship from the MacArthur Fellows Program, she has received honorary doctorates from Northeastern University. Her research has been funded by grants from the National Science Foundation, the National Endowment for the Humanities, the Fulbright Commission, the Wenner-Gren Foundation, the University of Illinois. She is the daughter of Quentin Roosevelt II, Frances Blanche Webb, granddaughter of Gen. Theodore Roosevelt Jr, her great grandfather was United States President Theodore Roosevelt. Her sisters are Susan Roosevelt Weld, Alexandra Roosevelt Dworkin. "Prehistory of Amazonia." In Cambridge World Prehistory, edited by Colin Renfrew and Paul Bahn. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK. "Behind the Veil: Culpability in the assassination of Patrice Lumumba." Congonova 4:1-11. Montreal, CN. "Human rights and the CIA: The case of the assassination of Patrice Lumumba." Fifth International Conference on the Ethics of National Security Intelligence and Abstracts. Georgetown University, Washington, DC. pp. 20–21. Amaz'homme: Sciences de l'Homme Sciences de la Nature en Amazonie, co-edited with E. Barone Visigali. Ibis Rouge. Cayenne, FG. Early hunter-gatherers in the terra firme rainforest: Stemmed projectile points from the Curua goldmines, co-authored with John E. Douglas, Anderson Marcio Amaral, Maura Imazio da Silveira, Carlos Palheta Barbosa, Mauro Barreto, Wanderley Souza da Silva. Amazonica 1: 422-483. "Geophysical Archaeology in the Lower Amazon: A Research Strategy." In Remote Sensing in Archaeology, edited by Farouk El Baz and James R. Wiseman. New York: Springer. Pp. 435–467. "Ecology in Human Evolution: Origins of the Species and of Manihot esculenta called cassava, yuca, mandioca and Brazilian arrowroot, is a woody shrub native to South America of the spurge family, Euphorbiaceae. It is extensively cultivated as an annual crop in tropical and subtropical regions for its edible starchy tuberous root, a major source of carbohydrates. Though it is called yuca in Spanish and in the United States, it is not related to yucca, a shrub in the family Asparagaceae. Cassava, when dried to a powdery extract, is called tapioca. Cassava is the third-largest source of food carbohydrates in the tropics, after maize. Cassava is a major staple food in the developing world, providing a basic diet for over half a billion people, it is one of the most drought-tolerant crops, capable of growing on marginal soils. Nigeria is the world's largest producer of cassava, while Thailand is the largest exporter of dried cassava. Cassava is classified as either bitter. Like other roots and tubers, both bitter and sweet varieties of cassava contain antinutritional factors and toxins, with the bitter varieties containing much larger amounts. It must be properly prepared before consumption, as improper preparation of cassava can leave enough residual cyanide to cause acute cyanide intoxication and ataxia, partial paralysis, or death. The more toxic varieties of cassava are a fall-back resource in times of famine or food insecurity in some places. Farmers prefer the bitter varieties because they deter pests and thieves; the cassava root is long and tapered, with a firm, homogeneous flesh encased in a detachable rind, about 1 mm thick and brown on the outside. Commercial cultivars can be 5 to 10 cm in diameter at the top, around 15 to 30 cm long. A woody vascular bundle runs along the root's axis; the flesh can be yellowish. Cassava roots are rich in starch and contain small amounts of calcium and vitamin C. However, they are poor in protein and other nutrients. In contrast, cassava leaves are a good source of protein, but deficient in the amino acid methionine and tryptophan. Wild populations of M. esculenta subspecies flabellifolia, shown to be the progenitor of domesticated cassava, are centered in west-central Brazil, where it was first domesticated no more than 10,000 years BP. Forms of the modern domesticated species can be found growing in the wild in the south of Brazil. By 4,600 BC, manioc pollen appears in the Gulf of Mexico lowlands, at the San Andrés archaeological site; the oldest direct evidence of cassava cultivation comes from a 1,400-year-old Maya site, Joya de Cerén, in El Salvador. With its high food potential, it had become a staple food of the native populations of northern South America, southern Mesoamerica, the Caribbean by the time of European contact in 1492. Cassava was a staple food of pre-Columbian peoples in the Americas and is portrayed in indigenous art; the Moche people depicted yuca in their ceramics. Spaniards in their early occupation of Caribbean islands did not want to eat cassava or maize, which they considered insubstantial and not nutritious, they much preferred foods from Spain wheat bread, olive oil, red wine, meat, considered maize and cassava damaging to Europeans. For these Christians in the New World, cassava was not suitable for communion since it could not undergo transubstantiation and become the body of Christ. "Wheat flour was the symbol of Christianity itself" and colonial-era catechisms stated explicitly that only wheat flour could be used. The cultivation and consumption of cassava was nonetheless continued in both Portuguese and Spanish America. Mass production of cassava bread became the first Cuban industry established by the Spanish, Ships departing to Europe from Cuban ports such as Havana, Santiago and Baracoa carried goods to Spain, but sailors needed to be provisioned for the voyage; the Spanish needed to replenish their boats with dried meat, water and large amounts of cassava bread. Sailors complained. Tropical Cuban weather was not suitable for wheat planting and cassava would not go stale as as regular bread. Cassava was introduced to Africa by Portuguese traders from Brazil in the 16th century. Around the same period, it was introduced to Asia through Columbian Exchange by Portuguese and Spanish traders, planted in their colonies in Goa, Eastern Indonesia and the Philippines. Maize and cassava are now important staple foods. Cassava has become an important staple in Asia, extensively cultivated in Indonesia and Vietnam. Cassava is sometimes described as the "bread of the tropics" but should not be confused with the tropical and equatorial bread tree, the breadfruit or the African breadfruit. In 2016, global production of cassava root was 277 million tonnes, with Nigeria as the world's largest producer having 21% of the world total. Other major growers were Thailand and Indonesia. Cassava is one of the most drought-tolerant crops, can be grown on marginal soils, gives reasonable yields where many other crops do not grow well. Cassava is well adapted within latitudes 30° north and south of the equator, at elevations between sea level and 2,000 m above sea level, in equatorial temperatures, with rainfalls from 50 mm to 5 m annually, to poor soils with a pH ranging from acidic to alkaline; these conditions are common in certain parts of Africa and So Amazon River The Amazon River in South America is the largest river by discharge volume of water in the world, by some definitions it is the longest. The headwaters of the Apurímac River on Nevado Mismi had been considered for nearly a century as the Amazon's most distant source, until a 2014 study found it to be the headwaters of the Mantaro River on the Cordillera Rumi Cruz in Peru; the Mantaro and Apurímac join, with other tributaries form the Ucayali River, which in turn meets the Marañón River upstream of Iquitos, Peru, to form what countries other than Brazil consider to be the main stem of the Amazon. Brazilians call this section the Solimões River above its confluence with the Rio Negro to form what Brazilians call the Amazon at the Meeting of Waters at Manaus, the river's largest city. At an average discharge of about 209,000 cubic metres per second —approximately 6,591 cubic kilometres per annum, greater than the next seven largest independent rivers combined—the Amazon represents 20% of the global riverine discharge to the ocean. The Amazon basin is the largest drainage basin in the world, with an area of 7,050,000 square kilometres. The portion of the river's drainage basin in Brazil alone is larger than any other river's basin; the Amazon enters Brazil with only one-fifth of the flow it discharges into the Atlantic Ocean, yet has a greater flow at this point than the discharge of any other river. The river was known by Europeans as the Marañón and the Peruvian part of the river is still known by that name today, it became known as the Rio Amazonas in Spanish and Portuguese, or The Amazon in English. The name Rio Amazonas was given after native warriors attacked a 16th-century expedition by Francisco de Orellana; the warriors were led by women, reminding de Orellana of the Amazon warriors, a tribe of women warriors related to Iranian Scythians and Sarmatians mentioned in Greek mythology. The word Amazon itself may be derived from the Iranian compound ha-maz-an- " fighting together" or ethnonym ha-mazan- "warriors", a word attested indirectly through a derivation, a denominal verb in Hesychius of Alexandria's gloss "ἁμαζακάραν· πολεμεῖν. Πέρσαι", where it appears together with the Indo-Iranian root *kar- "make". During what many archaeologists call the formative stage, Amazonian societies were involved in the emergence of South America's highland agrarian systems; the trade with Andean civilisations in the terrains of the headwaters in the Andes, formed an essential contribution to the social and religious development of the higher altitude civilisations of among others the Muisca and Incas. Early human settlements were based on low-lying hills or mounds. Shell mounds were the earliest evidence of habitation, they are associated with ceramic age cultures. Artificial earth platforms for entire villages are the second type of mounds, they are best represented by the Marajoara culture. Figurative mounds are the most recent types of occupation. There is ample evidence that the areas surrounding the Amazon River were home to complex and large-scale indigenous societies chiefdoms who developed large towns and cities. Archaeologists estimate that by the time the Spanish conquistador De Orellana traveled across the Amazon in 1541, more than 3 million indigenous people lived around the Amazon. These pre-Columbian settlements created developed civilizations. For instance, pre-Columbian indigenous people on the island of Marajó may have developed social stratification and supported a population of 100,000 people. In order to achieve this level of development, the indigenous inhabitants of the Amazon rainforest altered the forest's ecology by selective cultivation and the use of fire. Scientists argue that by burning areas of the forest repetitiously, the indigenous people caused the soil to become richer in nutrients; this created dark soil areas known as terra preta de índio. Because of the terra preta, indigenous communities were able to make land fertile and thus sustainable for the large-scale agriculture needed to support their large populations and complex social structures. Further research has hypothesized; some say that its effects on forest ecology and regional climate explain the otherwise inexplicable band of lower rainfall through the Amazon basin. Many indigenous tribes engaged in constant warfare. James Stuart Olson wrote: "The Munduruku expansion dislocated and displaced the Kawahíb, breaking the tribe down into much smaller groups... first came to the attention of Europeans in 1770 when they began a series of widespread attacks on Brazilian settlements along the Amazon River." In March 1500, Spanish conquistador Vicente Yáñez Pinzón was the first documented European to sail up the Amazon River. Pinzón called the stream Río Santa María del Mar Dulce shortened to Mar Dulce sweet sea, because of its fresh water pushing out into the ocean. Another Spanish explorer, Francisco de Orellana, was the first European to travel from the origins of the upstream river basins, situated in the Andes, to the mouth of the river. In this journey, Orellana baptised some of the affluents of the Amazonas like Rio Negro and Jurua; the name Amazonas is taken from the native warriors that attacked this expedition women, that reminded De Orellana of the mythical female Amazon warriors from the National Museum (Rio de Janeiro) The National Museum of Brazil is Brazil's oldest scientific institution, installed in the Paço de São Cristóvão, inside the Quinta da Boa Vista, in the city of Rio de Janeiro. The main building was the residence of the Portuguese Royal Family between 1808 and 1821 and was used to house the Brazilian Imperial Family between 1822 and 1889. After the monarchy was deposed, it hosted the Republican Constituent Assembly from 1889 to 1891 before being assigned to the use of the museum in 1892; the building was listed as Brazilian National Heritage in 1938 and destroyed by a fire in 2018. Founded by King João VI of Portugal and the Algarves on 6 June 1818, under the name of "Royal Museum", the institution was housed at the Campo de Santana park, where it exhibited the collections incorporated from the former House of Natural History, popularly known as Casa dos Pássaros, created in 1784 by the Viceroy of Brazil, Luís de Vasconcelos e Sousa, 4th Count of Figueiró, as well as collections of mineralogy and zoology. The museum foundation was intended to address the interests of promoting the socioeconomic development of the country by the diffusion of education and science. In the 19th century, the institution was established as the most important South American museum of its type. In 1946, it was incorporated into the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro; the National Museum held a vast collection with more than 20 million objects, one of the largest collections of natural history and anthropological artifacts in the world, encompassing some of the most important material records regarding natural science and anthropology in Brazil, as well as numerous items that came from other regions of the world and were produced by several cultures and ancient civilizations. Formed along more than two centuries through expeditions, acquisitions and exchanges, the collection was subdivided into seven main nuclei: geology, botany, biological anthropology and ethnology; the collection was the principal basis for the research conducted by the academic departments of the museum – which are responsible for carrying out activities in all the regions of the Brazilian territory and several places of the world, including the Antarctic continent. The museum held one of the largest scientific libraries of Brazil, with over 470,000 volumes and 2,400 rare works. In the area of education, the museum offers specializations and post-graduation courses in several fields of the knowledge, in addition to hosting temporary and permanent exhibitions and educational activities open to the general public; the museum manages the Horto Botânico, adjacent to the Paço de São Cristóvão, as well as an advanced campus in the city of Santa Teresa, in Espírito Santo – the Santa Lúcia Biological Station, jointly managed with the Museum of Biology Prof. Mello Leitão. A third site, located in the city of Saquarema, is used as a support and logistics center for field activities; the museum is dedicated to editorial production, outstanding in that field the Archivos do Museu Nacional, the oldest scientific journal of Brazil, continuously published since 1876. The palace, which housed a large part of the collection, was destroyed in a fire on the night of 2 September 2018. The building had been called a "firetrap" by critics, who argued the fire was predictable and could have been prevented. The fire began in the air-conditioning system of auditorium on the ground floor. One of the three devices did not have external grounding, there was no individual circuit breaker for each of them, a wire was without insulation in contact with metal. In the wake of the fire, the ruined edifice is being treated as an archaeological site and undergoing reconstruction efforts, with a metallic roof covering a 5,000 m² area including debris. In 2019, more than 30,000 pieces of the Imperial Family's past were found during archaeological works on Rio de Janeiro Zoological Garden nearby, part of Quinta da Boa Vista. Among the finds are many items such as fragments of crockery, plates, cutlery and buttons and brooches with imperial coat of arms from military clothing; those items were given to the museum. The National Museum was established by His Majesty King João VI of Portugal and the Algarves in 1818 with the name of Royal Museum, in an initiative to stimulate scientific research in the Kingdom of Brazil a constituent part of the United Kingdom of Portugal and the Algarves. The Museum sheltered botanical and animal specimens birds, what caused the old building where it was located in center of Rio de Janeiro, to be known by the population as the "House of the Birds". After that, with the marriage of King João VI's eldest son and Brazil's first Emperor, Dom Pedro I, with H. I. & R. H. Archduchess Maria Leopoldina of Austria, the Museum started to attract the greatest European naturalists of the 19th century, such as Maximilian zu Wied-Neuwied, Johann Baptist von Spix and Carl Friedrich Philipp von Martius. Other European researchers who explored the country, such as Augustin Saint-Hilaire and the Baron von Langsdorff, contributed to the collections of the Royal Museum. By the end of the 19th century, reflecting the personal preferences of His Imperial Majesty Emperor Pedro II, the National Museum started to invest in the areas of the anthropology and archaeology; the Emperor himself, an avid amateur scientist and enthusiastic supporter of all branches of science, contributed with several of the collections of the a Pottery is the process of forming vessels and other objects with clay and other ceramic materials, which are fired to give them a hard, durable form. Major types include earthenware and porcelain; the place where such wares are made by a potter is called a pottery. The definition of pottery used by the American Society for Testing and Materials, is "all fired ceramic wares that contain clay when formed, except technical and refractory products." In archaeology of ancient and prehistoric periods, "pottery" means vessels only, figures etc. of the same material are called "terracottas". Clay as a part of the materials used is required by some definitions of pottery, but this is dubious. Pottery is one of the oldest human inventions, originating before the Neolithic period, with ceramic objects like the Gravettian culture Venus of Dolní Věstonice figurine discovered in the Czech Republic dating back to 29,000–25,000 BC, pottery vessels that were discovered in Jiangxi, which date back to 18,000 BC. Early Neolithic pottery artefacts have been found in places such as Jōmon Japan, the Russian Far East, Sub-Saharan Africa and South America. Pottery is made by forming a ceramic body into objects of a desired shape and heating them to high temperatures in a kiln and induces reactions that lead to permanent changes including increasing the strength and solidity of the object's shape. Much pottery is purely utilitarian, but much can be regarded as ceramic art. A clay body can be decorated after firing. Clay-based pottery can divided in three main groups: earthenware and porcelain; these require more specific clay material, higher firing temperatures. All three are made for different purposes. All may be decorated by various techniques. In many examples the group a piece belongs to is visually apparent, but this is not always the case; the fritware of the Islamic world does not use clay, so technically falls outside these groups. Historic pottery of all these types is grouped as either "fine" wares expensive and well-made, following the aesthetic taste of the culture concerned, or alternatively "coarse", "popular" "folk" or "village" wares undecorated, or so, less well-made. All the earliest forms of pottery were made from clays that were fired at low temperatures in pit-fires or in open bonfires. They were hand undecorated. Earthenware can be fired as low as 600°C, is fired below 1200°C; because unglazed biscuit earthenware is porous, it has limited utility for the storage of liquids, eating off. However, earthenware has a continuous history from the Neolithic period to today, it can be made from a wide variety of clays, some of which fire to a buff, brown or black colour, with iron in the constituent minerals resulting in a reddish-brown. Reddish coloured varieties are called terracotta when unglazed or used for sculpture; the development of ceramic glaze which makes it impermeable makes it a popular and practical form of pottery. The addition of decoration has evolved throughout its history. Stoneware is pottery, fired in a kiln at a high temperature, from about 1,100°C to 1,200°C, is stronger and non-porous to liquids; the Chinese, who developed stoneware early on, classify this together with porcelain as high-fired wares. In contrast, stoneware could only be produced in Europe from the late Middle Ages, as European kilns were less efficient, the right sorts of clay less common. It remained a speciality of Germany until the Renaissance. Stoneware is tough and practical, much of it has always been utilitarian, for the kitchen or storage rather than the table, but "fine" stoneware has been important in China and the West, continues to be made. Many utilitarian types have come to be appreciated as art. Porcelain is made by heating materials including kaolin, in a kiln to temperatures between 1,200 and 1,400 °C; this is higher than used for the other types, achieving these temperatures was a long struggle, as well as realizing what materials were needed. The toughness and translucence of porcelain, relative to other types of pottery, arises from vitrification and the formation of the mineral mullite within the body at these high temperatures. Although porcelain was first made in China, the Chinese traditionally do not recognise it as a distinct category, grouping it with stoneware as "high-fired" ware, opposed to "low-fired" earthenware. This confuses the issue of. A degree of translucency and whiteness was achieved by the Tang Dynasty, considerable quantities were being exported; the modern level of whiteness was not reached until much in the 14th century. Porcelain was made in Korea and in Japan from the end of the 16th century, after suitable kaolin was located in those countries, it was not made outside East Asia until the 18th century. Before being shaped, clay must be prepared. Kneading helps to ensure an moisture content throughout the body. Air trapped within the clay body needs to be removed; this is called de-airing and can be accomplished either by a machine called a vacuum pug or manually by wedging. Wedging can help produce an moisture content. Once a clay body has been kneaded and de-aired or wedged, it is shaped by a variety of techniques. After it has been shaped, it is dried and fired. Greenware refers to unfired objects. At sufficient moisture content, bodies at this stage are in their most plastic form (as they are soft and mal Açaí palm The açaí palm, Euterpe oleracea, is a species of palm tree cultivated for its fruit, hearts of palm and trunk wood. Global demand for the fruit expanded in the 21st century and so the tree is cultivated for that purpose primarily; the species is native to Brazil, Peru and Trinidad and Tobago in swamps and floodplains. Açaí palms are tall, slender trees growing to more than 25 m tall, with pinnate leaves up to 3 m long; the fruit is small and black-purple in color, may be sold as a frozen fruit pulp or bottled juice drink with added sugar or other sweeteners. The fruit is a staple food in the tree's native range, but was only introduced to international markets in the 1980s; the common name comes from the Portuguese adaptation of the Tupian word ïwaca'i, meaning " cries or expels water". The importance of the fruit as a staple food in the Amazon River delta gives rise to the local legend of how the plant got its name; the folklore says. When his own daughter gave birth and the child was sacrificed, she cried and died beneath a newly sprouted tree. The tree fed the tribe and was called açaí because, the daughter's name spelled backwards. The fruit known as açaí berry or açaí, is a small, black-purple drupe about 25 mm in circumference, similar in appearance to a grape, but smaller and with less pulp and produced in branched panicles of 500 to 900 fruits; the exocarp of the ripe fruits is a deep purple color, or green, depending on the kind of açaí and its maturity. The mesocarp is thin, with a consistent thickness of 1 mm or less, it surrounds the voluminous and hard endocarp, which contains a single large seed about 7–10 mm in diameter. The seed makes up about 60-80% of the fruit; the palm bears fruit year round but the berry cannot be harvested during the rainy season. There are two harvests: one is between January and June, while the other is between August and December; the last harvest is the most important. Few named cultivars exist, varieties differ in the nature of the fruit:'Branco' is a rare variety local to the Amazon estuary in which the berries do not change color, but remain green when ripe. This is believed to be due to a recessive gene since only about 30% of'Branco' palm seeds mature to express this trait. It has less iron and fewer antioxidants, but more oil, many believe it to have a superior taste and digestibility to purple açaí.'BRS-Para Dwarf' was developed by the Brazilian Agricultural Research Agency. The pulp yield ranges from 15% to 25%.. A powdered preparation of freeze-dried açaí fruit pulp and skin was reported to contain 534 calories, 52 g carbohydrates, 8 g protein, 33 g total fat; the carbohydrate portion included 44 g of dietary fiber with low sugar levels, the fat portion consisted of oleic acid, palmitic acid, linoleic acid. The powder was shown to contain negligible vitamin C, 260 mg calcium, 4 mg iron, 1002 IU vitamin A. A comparative analysis from in vitro studies reported that açaí has intermediate polyphenol content relative to 11 varieties of frozen juice pulps, scoring lower than acerola, mango and grapes; the extent to which polyphenols as dietary antioxidants may promote health is unknown, as no credible evidence indicates any antioxidant role for polyphenols in vivo. When three commercially available juice mixes, containing unspecified percentages of açaí juice, were compared for in vitro antioxidant capacity against red wine, six types of pure fruit juice, pomegranate juice, the average antioxidant capacity ranked lower than that of pomegranate juice, Concord grape juice, blueberry juice, red wine. The average was equivalent to that of black cherry or cranberry juice, was higher than that of orange juice, apple juice, tea; the medical watchdog website Quackwatch said that "açaí juice has only middling levels of antioxidants — less than that of Concord grape and black cherry juices, but more than cranberry and apple juices." The anthocyanins of açaí have relevance to antioxidant capacity only in the plant's natural defense mechanisms, in vitro. Anthocyanins in açaí accounted for only about 10% of the overall antioxidant capacity in vitro; the Linus Pauling Institute and European Food Safety Authority state that "the relative contribution of dietary flavonoids to antioxidant function in vivo is to be small or negligible". But unlike controlled test tube conditions, in vivo anthocyanins have been shown to be poorly conserved, most of what is absorbed exists as chemically modified metabolites destined for rapid excretion. A powdered preparation of freeze-dried açaí fruit pulp and skin was shown to contain cyanidin 3-O-glucoside and cyanidin 3-O-rutinoside as major anthocyanins; the powdered preparation was reported to contain twelve flavonoid-like compounds, including homoorientin, taxifolin deoxyhexose, scoparin, as well as proanthocyanidins, low levels of resveratrol. In the 1980s, the Brazilian Gracie family marketed açaí as an energy drink or as crushed fruit served with granola and bananas. In the early 2000s, Ryan and Jeremy Black started Sambazon to import açaí into the US. In the early 2000s, many companies flooded the internet with açaí advertising, many of them with counterfeit testimonials The various cultures collectively termed "Mound Builders" were inhabitants of North America who, during a circa 5,000-year period, constructed various styles of earthen mounds for religious, ceremonial and elite residential purposes. These included the pre-Columbian cultures of the Archaic period, Woodland period, Mississippian period. Since the 19th century, the prevailing scholarly consensus has been that the mounds were constructed by indigenous peoples of the Americas. Sixteenth-century Spanish explorers met natives living in a number of Mississippian cities, described their cultures, left artifacts. Research and study of these cultures and peoples has been based on archaeology and anthropology; the namesake cultural trait of the Mound Builders was the building of other earthworks. These burial and ceremonial structures were flat-topped pyramids or platform mounds, flat-topped or rounded cones, elongated ridges, sometimes a variety of other forms, they were built as part of complex villages. The early earthworks built in Louisiana around 3500 BCE are the only ones known to have been built by a hunter-gatherer culture. The best-known flat-topped pyramidal structure, which at more than 100 ft tall is the largest pre-Columbian earthwork north of Mexico, is Monks Mound at Cahokia in present-day Collinsville, Illinois. At its maximum about CE 1150, Cahokia was an urban settlement with 20,000–30,000 people; some effigy mounds were constructed in the outlines of culturally significant animals. The most famous effigy mound, Serpent Mound in southern Ohio, ranges from 1 to just over 3 ft tall. 20 ft wide, more than 1,330 ft long, shaped as an undulating serpent. Many different tribal groups and chiefdoms, involving an array of beliefs and unique cultures over thousands of years, built mounds as expressions of their cultures; the general term, "mound builder", covered their shared architectural practice of earthwork mound construction. This practice, believed to be associated with a cosmology that had a cross-cultural appeal, may indicate common cultural antecedents. The first mound building was an early marker of political and social complexity among the cultures in the Eastern United States. Watson Brake in Louisiana, constructed about 3500 BCE during the Middle Archaic period, is the oldest dated mound complex in North America, it is one of 11 mound complexes from this period found in the Lower Mississippi Valley. These mound builders were organized; the most complete reference for these earthworks is Ancient Monuments of the Mississippi Valley, written by Ephraim G. Squier and Edwin H. Davis, it was published in 1848 by the Smithsonian Institution. Since many of the features which the authors documented have since been destroyed or diminished by farming and development, their surveys and descriptions are still used by modern archaeologists. All of the sites which they identified as located in Kentucky came from the manuscripts of C. S. Rafinesque. Hernando de Soto, the Spanish conquistador, who during 1540–1542, traversed what became the Southeast United States, encountered many different mound-builder peoples descendants of the great Mississippian culture. The mound-building tradition still existed in the southeast during the mid-16th century. De Soto observed people living in fortified towns with lofty mounds and plazas, surmised that many of the mounds served as foundations for priestly temples. Near present-day Augusta, Georgia, de Soto encountered a mound-building group ruled by a queen, Cofitachequi, she told him. The artist Jacques le Moyne, who had accompanied French settlers to northeastern Florida during the 1560s noted many Native American groups using existing mounds and constructing others, he produced a series of watercolor paintings depicting scenes of native life. Although most of his paintings have been lost, some engravings were copied from the originals and published in 1591 by a Flemish company. Among these is a depiction of the burial of an aboriginal Floridian tribal chief, an occasion of great mourning and ceremony; the original caption reads: Maturin Le Petit, a Jesuit priest, met the Natchez people as did Le Page du Pratz, a French explorer. Both observed them in the area that became Mississippi. The Natchez were devout worshippers of the sun. Having a population of some 4,000, they occupied at least nine villages and were presided over by a paramount chief, known as the Great Sun, who wielded absolute power. Both observers noted the high temple mounds which the Natchez had built so that the Great Sun could commune with God, the sun, his large residence was built atop the highest mound, from "which, every morning, he greeted the rising sun, invoking thanks and blowing tobacco smoke to the four cardinal directions". Explorers to the same regions, only a few decades after mound-building settlements had been reported, found the regions depopulated, the residents vanished, the mounds untended. Since little violent conflict with Europeans had occurred in that area during that period, the most plausible explanation is that infectious diseases from the Old World, such as smallpox American Museum of Natural History [videos] The American Museum of Natural History, located on the Upper West Side of Manhattan, New York City, is one of the largest natural history museums in the world. Located in Theodore Roosevelt Park across the street from Central Park, the museum complex comprises 28 … Looking at the east entrance from Central Park West Drawing of the AMNH south façade National Museum (Rio de Janeiro) [videos] The National Museum is Brazil's oldest scientific institution, which was installed in the Paço de São Cristóvão, inside the Quinta da Boa Vista, in the city of Rio de Janeiro. The main building was originally the residence of the Portuguese … The museum in 2011 The former Imperial Palace that housed the National Museum The National Museum at its first location in Campo de Sant'Anna, today's Praça da República, ca. 1870 Bendegó meteorite, which survived the fire Pre-Columbian era [videos] The Pre-Columbian era incorporates all period subdivisions in the history and prehistory of the Americas before the appearance of significant European influences on the American continent, spanning the time of the original settlement in the Upper Paleolithic period to European colonization during … One of the pyramids in the upper level of Yaxchilán Atlantes at Tula, Hidalgo Maya architecture at Uxmal Geoglyphs on deforested land in the Amazon rainforest Amazon River [videos] The Amazon River in South America is the largest river by discharge volume of water in the world, and by some definitions it is the longest.The headwaters of the Apurímac River on Nevado Mismi had been considered for nearly a century as the Amazon's … Amazon River near Indiana, Peru Pwanchir Pitu, Achuar shaman Amazon tributaries near Manaus Native Mundurukú Painting by Hercules Florence Pottery [videos] Pottery is the process of forming vessels and other objects with clay and other ceramic materials, which are fired to give them a hard, durable form. Major types include earthenware, stoneware and porcelain. The place where such wares are made by a potter is also called a pottery (plural … A potter at work in Morena, India Pottery from Székely Land, Romania, on sale in Budapest. Preparation of clay for pottery in India Classic potter's kick wheel in Erfurt, Germany Mound Builders [videos] The various cultures collectively termed "Mound Builders" were inhabitants of North America who, during a circa 5,000-year period, constructed various styles of earthen mounds for religious, ceremonial, burial, and elite residential purposes. These included the pre-Columbian cultures of the Archaic … A mound diagram of the platform mound showing the multiple layers of mound construction, mound structures such as temples or mortuaries, ramps with log stairs, and prior structures under later layers, multiple terraces, and intrusive burials A depiction of the Portsmouth Earthworks in Ancient Monuments of the Mississippi Valley Illustration of the Parkin Site, thought to be the capital of the Province of Casqui visited by de Soto Engraving after Jacques le Moyne, showing the burial of a Timucua chief Açaí palm [videos] The açaí palm, Euterpe oleracea, is a species of palm tree cultivated for its fruit, hearts of palm, leaves, and trunk wood. Global demand for the fruit expanded rapidly in the 21st … A tree at the Lauro Sodré Palace in Brazil Açaí palm with fruit An açaí bowl with fruit and granola Açai oil Cassava [videos] Manihot esculenta, commonly called cassava, manioc, yuca, macaxeira, mandioca, aipim and Brazilian arrowroot, is a woody shrub native to South America of the spurge family, Euphorbiaceae. It is extensively cultivated as an annual crop in tropical and subtropical regions for its edible starchy … Leaves of the cassava plant A cassava tuber (waxed) 17th c. painting by Albert Eckhout in Dutch Brazil A cassava tuber in cross-section Marajó [videos] Marajó is a large delta island in the state of Pará, Brazil. The island is bordered by the mouth of the Amazon river to the west and northwest, the Atlantic Ocean to the northeast and by the Pará River, a distributary of the Amazon to the east. — From … Marajoara burial urn, American Museum of Natural History A satellite view of Marajó Anna Curtenius Roosevelt [videos] Anna Curtenius Roosevelt is an American archaeologist and Professor of Anthropology at the University of Illinois at Chicago. She studies human evolution and long-term human-environment interaction. She is one of the leading American archeologists studying Paleoindians in the Amazon … Praia de São João - Marajó Island Pedra Pintada Terra preta [videos] Terra preta is a type of very dark, fertile artificial soil found in the Amazon Basin. It is also known as "Amazonian dark earth" or "Indian black earth". In Portuguese its full … Homemade terra preta, with charcoal pieces indicated using white arrows Pergamon Museum [videos] The Pergamon Museum is situated on the Museum Island in Berlin. The building was designed by Alfred Messel and Ludwig Hoffmann and was constructed over a period of twenty years, from 1910 to 1930. The Pergamon Museum houses monumental buildings such as the Pergamon Altar … Pergamon Altar Ishtar Gate Aleppo Room Museum Island with Pergamon Museum and Bode Museum (1951). Kate Winslet [videos] Kate Elizabeth Winslet, is an English actress. She is particularly known for her work in period dramas and tragedies, and is often drawn to portraying troubled women. Winslet is the recipient of several accolades, including three British Academy Film Awards, and is among the … Winslet at the 2017 Toronto International Film Festival Peter Jackson gave Winslet her first film role as a teenage murderess in Heavenly Creatures (1994) Judi Dench (pictured) and Winslet played the novelist Iris Murdoch at different ages in Iris (2001). Maserati [videos] Maserati is an Italian luxury vehicle manufacturer established on 1 December 1914, in Bologna. The Maserati tagline is "Luxury, sports and style cast in exclusive cars", and the brand's mission statement is to "Build ultra-luxury performance automobiles with timeless Italian … Maserati headquarters in Modena, Italy Ettore, Bindo, Ernesto, and Alfieri Maserati Piazza Maggiore's Neptune and his trident Juan-Manuel Fangio driving a Maserati 250F. Napoléon (coin) [videos] The Napoléon is the colloquial term for a former French gold coin. The coins were minted in denominations of 5, 10, 20, 40, 50, and 100 francs. This article focuses on the 20 franc coins issued during the reign of Napoléon Bonaparte, which are 21 mm in diameter, weigh 6.45 grams … Reverse of the same coin 1803 Paris (AN. 11 indicates the 11th year after the French Revolution or the latter part of 1803). A coin not often seen, 58,262 were minted, this example exhibits Extra Fine details for a 206-year-old coin. The "A" denotes the Paris mint and the rooster denotes the mint master Charles-Pierre de l'Espine (1797–1821). Napoleon ordered coins struck in year 11 to be dated with Roman numerals fearing that Arabic numeral eleven would look like a two in Roman numerals and thus remind the public of the horrors of the Reign of Terror which occurred in the year 2. Image: France 1803 04 A 20 Francs Image: France 1807 A 40 Francs Image: An XI Obv Gold coin [videos] A gold coin is a coin that is made mostly or entirely of gold. Most gold coins minted since 1800 are 90–92% gold, while most of today's gold bullion coins are pure gold, such as the Britannia, Canadian Maple Leaf, and American Buffalo. Alloyed gold coins, like the American Gold Eagle and … Gold coins for sale in the Dubai Gold Souk Persian Achaemenid Daric, circa 490 BC Gold Solidus of Roman Emperor Valentinian II A 20-crown gold coin from Norway. Introduced in 1875, it became part of the Scandinavian Monetary Union, which was based on a gold standard. Norwegian gold reserves included tonnes of this and other coins, backing Norway's paper money. The coin was designed for circulation: "124 Stk. 1 Kil. f. G." means that 124 pieces gave one kilogramme of pure gold. Sestertius [videos] The sestertius, or sesterce, was an ancient Roman coin. During the Roman Republic it was a small, silver coin issued only on rare occasions. During the Roman Empire it was a large brass coin. — The name sestertius means "two and one half", referring to its … Helmed Roma head right, IIS behind Example of a detailed portrait of Hadrian 117 to 138 Hostilian under Trajan Decius AD 250 Sestertius of Hadrian, dupondius of Antoninus Pius, and as of Marcus Aurelius Pearl [videos] A pearl is a hard glistening object produced within the soft tissue of a living shelled mollusk or another animal, such as a conulariid. Just like the shell of a mollusk, a pearl is composed of calcium carbonate in … Various pearls Georgian seed pearl gold ring A black pearl and a shell of the black-lipped pearl oyster. The iridescent colors originate from nacre layers. Electron microscopy image of a fractured surface of nacre Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis [videos] Jacqueline Lee Kennedy Onassis was an American socialite and First Lady of the United States during the presidency of John F. Kennedy from January 1961 until his assassination in November 1963. — Bouvier was born in Southampton, New York, to Wall Street … Six-year-old Bouvier in 1935 Senator John F. Kennedy and Jacqueline Bouvier Kennedy on their wedding day, September 12, 1953 Jacqueline Kennedy standing over her husband, John F. Kennedy, after his spinal surgery, December 1954 Jacqueline with her husband as he campaigns for the presidency in Appleton, Wisconsin, March 1960 French Riviera [videos] The French Riviera is the Mediterranean coastline of the southeast corner of France. There is no official boundary, but it is usually considered to extend from Cassis or … View of Port Hercule, Monaco The Old Town district of Menton, which is the last town on the Côte d'Azur before the Italian border The 5th-century baptistery of Fréjus Cathedral, which is still in use The ruins of the Grimaldi castle at Grimaud, near Saint-Tropez History of Iraq [videos] The current territory of the modern state of Iraq was defined by the Anglo-Iraqi treaty of 1922 which resulted from the 1920 Iraqi revolt against British occupation. It centers on Lower Mesopotamia but also includes part of … This earthenware dish was made in 9th century Iraq. It is housed in the Smithsonian Institution in Washington, D.C. Iraqi market in Mosul, 1932 Promoting women's education in the 1970s. U.S. Army soldier searches an Iraqi boy, March 2011. Imperial crown [videos] An Imperial Crown is a crown used for the coronation of emperors. — Design — Crowns in Europe during the medieval period varied in design: — An open crown is one which consists basically of a golden circlet elaborately worked and decorated with precious stones or enamels.... The medieval French … The British Imperial State Crown viewed from the side with the front facing left (the Black Prince's Ruby, and the Cullinan II are just visible in profile). Emperor Maximilian I wearing a crown with mitre Image: Museum of Anatolian Civilizations 118 Image: Probus Coin Kevin Durant [videos] Kevin Wayne Durant is an American professional basketball player for the Golden State Warriors of the National Basketball Association. He played one season of college basketball for the University of Texas, and was selected as the second overall pick by the Seattle … Durant in November 2017 Durant scores on a slam dunk in March 2011 as a member of the Oklahoma City Thunder. Durant guards LeBron James in January 2015. Durant with his gold medal at the 2010 FIBA World Championship in Turkey Henry VII of England [videos] Henry VII was the King of England and Lord of Ireland from his seizure of the crown on 22 August 1485 to his death on 21 April 1509. He was the first monarch of the House of Tudor. — Henry attained the throne when his forces defeated King Richard … Henry holding a rose and wearing the collar of the Order of the Golden Fleece, by unknown artist, 1505 Perfected and fluted armour of Henry VII Groat of Henry VII 1804 dollar [videos] The 1804 dollar or Bowed Liberty Dollar was a dollar coin struck by the Mint of the United States, of which fifteen specimens are currently known to exist. Though dated 1804, none were struck in that year; all were minted in the 1830s or later. They were first created for use in special proof coin … The Spanish milled dollar was declared legal tender in the United States in 1793. Rama III, the King of Siam, received the second set of coins distributed by Roberts. Said bin Sultan was the recipient of a coin set containing an 1804 dollar. A Class III 1804 dollar Ancient Greek coinage [videos] The history of ancient Greek coinage can be divided into four periods, the Archaic, the Classical, the Hellenistic and the Roman. The Archaic period extends from the introduction of coinage to the Greek world during the 7th century BC until the Persian Wars … The earliest coinage of Athens, circa 545-525/15 BC Archaic coin of Athens with effigy of Athena on the obverse, and olive sprig, owl and ΑΘΕ, initials of "Athens" on the reverse. Circa 510-500/490 BC Above: Six rod-shaped obeloi (oboloi) displayed at the Numismatic Museum of Athens, discovered at Heraion of Argos. Below: grasp of six oboloi forming one drachma A Syracusan tetradrachm (c. 415–405 BC) Obverse: head of the nymph Arethusa, surrounded by four swimming dolphins and a rudder Reverse: a racing quadriga, its charioteer crowned by the goddess Victory in flight. Shaquille O'Neal [videos] Shaquille Rashaun "Shaq" O'Neal, is an American retired professional basketball player who is a sports analyst on the television program Inside the NBA on TNT. He is widely considered one of the greatest players in the history of the National Basketball … O'Neal in 2011 In 8 seasons with the Los Angeles Lakers (1996–2004), O'Neal won three consecutive championships from 2000 to 2002 and appeared in the 2004 NBA Finals. O'Neal with Miami in 2007 O'Neal with Phoenix teammate Steve Nash. Regalia of the Russian tsars [videos] Like many other monarchies, the Russian Empire had a vast collection of regalia belonging to the Tsars. This collection is now on display in Kremlin in Moscow. The Diamond Fund maintains the security of the greater diamond masterpieces. — Oldest Russian regalia — Barmas of Old Ryazan, One of the … Russian historical regalia in Kremlin, part of showcase. Two oldest Russian crowns - "Cap of Monomakh" and Kazan Crown. Ivory throne of Ivan IV "Grand set": the crown of Michael Fyodorovich with orb and sceptre of Boris Godunov. Niagara Falls [videos] Niagara Falls is the collective name for three waterfalls that straddle the international border between the Canadian province of Ontario and the US state of New York. They form the southern end of the Niagara Gorge. — From largest to smallest, the three waterfalls are the Horseshoe Falls, the … The Canadian Horseshoe Falls Aerial view of Niagara Falls, showing parts of Canada (left) and the United States (upper right) Father Louis Hennepin is depicted in front of the falls in this 1698 print. Thomas Davies, An East View of the Great Cataract of Niagara, 1762 Charlie Chaplin [videos] Sir Charles Spencer Chaplin was an English comic actor, filmmaker, and composer who rose to fame in the era of silent film. He became a worldwide icon through his screen persona, "The Tramp", and is considered one of the most important figures in the history of … Seven-year-old Chaplin (middle centre, leaning slightly) at the Central London District School for paupers, 1897 A teenage Chaplin in the play Sherlock Holmes, in which he appeared between 1903 and 1906 Advertisement from Chaplin's American tour with the Fred Karno comedy company, 1913 Chaplin (left) in his first film appearance, Making a Living, with Henry Lehrman who directed the picture (1914) United States twenty-dollar bill [videos] The United States twenty-dollar bill is a denomination of U.S. currency. The seventh U.S. President, Andrew Jackson, has been featured on the front side of the bill since 1928; the White House is featured on the reverse. — As of December 2013, the average circulation life of a $20 … 1863 $20 Legal Tender note 1880 $20 Legal Tender depicting Alexander Hamilton Series 1905 $20 gold certificate 1914 $20 Federal Reserve Note. Ray Lewis [videos] Raymond Anthony Lewis Jr. is a former American football linebacker who played all of his 17-year professional career for the Baltimore Ravens of the National Football League. He previously played college football for the University of Miami, and earned All-America honors … Lewis with the Baltimore Ravens in 2008 Lewis roaming the sidelines in a 2005 game at Ford Field in Detroit Lewis during a 2007 game vs. the Cleveland Browns Lewis during a charity event Taylor Swift [videos] Taylor Alison Swift is an American singer-songwriter. As one of the world's leading contemporary recording artists, she is known for narrative songs about her personal life, which has received widespread media coverage. — Born and raised in Pennsylvania, Swift moved to … Swift performing at Yahoo! headquarters in Sunnyvale, California in 2007 Swift performing during the Speak Now World Tour in 2012 Swift at the 1989 World Tour, which grossed $250 million and became one of the highest-grossing tours of the decade Swift's "Les Paul" guitar and cordless microphone on exhibit in the Artist Gallery of the Musical Instrument Museum of Phoenix in Arizona Taraji P. Henson [videos] Taraji Penda Henson is an American actress, singer, and author. She studied acting at Howard University and began her Hollywood career in guest-roles on several television shows before making her breakthrough in Baby Boy. She received praise for playing … Henson at the premiere of Hidden Figures in 2016 Henson in 2011	cc/2019-30/en_head_0049.json.gz/line13252
__label__wiki	0.879113	0.879113	Australian Bureau of Statistics Search for: Submit search query: Complete your survey > By Release Date 6291.0.55.001 - Labour Force, Australia, Detailed - Electronic Delivery, Aug 2008 Quality Declaration Previous ISSUE Released at 11:30 AM (CANBERRA TIME) 18/09/2008 Past & Future Releases Enable Javascript to Print Pages RSS Search this Product Quality Declaration - Summary INSTITUTIONAL ENVIRONMENT Labour Force statistics are compiled from the Labour Force Survey which is conducted each month throughout Australia as part of the Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) household survey program. For information on the institutional environment of the ABS, including the legislative obligations of the ABS, financing and governance arrangements, and mechanisms for scrutiny of ABS operations, please see ABS Institutional Environment. The Labour Force Survey provides monthly information about the labour market activity of Australia's resident civilian population aged 15 years and over. The Labour Force Survey is designed to primarily provide estimates of employment and unemployment for the whole of Australia and, secondarily, for each state and territory. The Labour Force Survey enumeration begins on the Monday between the 6th and 12th of the month, except for the Christmas and New Year holiday period. In December enumerations starts between the 4th and 10th (4 weeks after November enumeration begins). In January enumeration starts between the 8th and 14th (5 weeks after December enumeration begins). Key estimates from the Labour Force Survey are published in two stages. Labour Force, Australia (cat. no. 6202.0) and Labour Force, Australia, Spreadsheets (cat. no. 6202.0.55.001) are the first release. These data are released 31 days after the commencement of enumeration for the month, with the exception of estimates for December which are published 38 days after the commencement of enumeration. Detailed data which were not part of the first release from the Labour Force Survey are published in Labour Force, Australia, Detailed - Electronic Delivery (cat. no. 6291.0.55.001) and Labour Force, Australia, Detailed, Quarterly (cat. no. 6291.0.55.003), which are released one week after the initial release. The Labour Force Survey is based on a sample of private dwellings (approximately 22,800 houses, flats etc) and non-private dwellings, such as hotels and motels. The sample covers about 0.24% of the Australian Population. The Labour Force Survey is designed primarily to provide estimates of key labour force statistics for the whole of Australia and, secondarily, for each state and territory. Two types of error are possible in an estimate based on a sample survey: non-sampling error and sampling error. Non-sampling error arises from inaccuracies in collecting, recording and processing the data. Every effort is made to minimise reporting error by the careful design of questionnaires, intensive training and supervision of interviewers, and efficient data processing procedures. Non-sampling error also arises because information cannot be obtained from all persons selected in the survey. The Labour Force Survey receives a high level of cooperation, with an average response rate for the last year being 97%. Sampling error occurs because a sample, rather than the entire population, is surveyed. One measure of the likely difference resulting from not including all dwellings in the survey is given by the standard error. There are about two chances in three that a sample estimate will differ by less than one standard error from the figure that would have been obtained if all dwellings had been included in the survey, and about nineteen chances in twenty that the difference will be less than two standard errors. Standard errors of key estimates and movements since the previous month are available in Labour Force, Australia (cat. no. 6202.0). The standard error of other estimates and movements may be calculated by using the spreadsheet contained in Labour Force Survey Standard Errors, Data Cube (cat. no. 6298.0). The ABS has been conducting the Labour Force Survey each month since February 1978. While seeking to provide a high degree of consistency and comparability over time by minimising changes to the survey, sound survey practice requires careful and continuing maintenance and development to maintain the integrity of the data and the efficiency of the collection. The changes which have been made to the Labour Force Survey have included changes in sampling methods, estimation methods, concepts, data item definitions, classifications, and time series analysis techniques. In introducing these changes the ABS has generally revised previous estimates to ensure consistency and coherence with current estimates. For a full list of changes made to the Labour Force Survey see Labour Statistics: Concepts, Sources and Methods (cat. no. 6102.0.55.001) Table 20.2. INTERPRETABILITY The key estimates from the Labour Force Survey are available as original, seasonally adjusted and trend series. Seasonal adjustment is a means of removing the effects of normal seasonal variation from the series so other influences on the series can be more clearly recognised. Seasonal adjustment does not aim to remove the irregular influences which may be present and therefore month-to-month movements may not be reliable indicators of underlying behaviour. To assist in interpreting the underlying behaviour, the ABS produces the trend series by smoothing the seasonally adjusted series to reduce the impact of the irregular component. For further information, see A Guide to Interpreting Time Series - Monitoring Trends (cat. no. 1349.0). Further information on the terminology and other technical aspects associated with statistics from the Labour Force Survey can be found in the publication Labour Force, Australia (cat. no. 6202.0), which contains detailed Explanatory Notes, Standard Error information and a Glossary. Please see the Related Information tab for the list of products that are available from this collection. Document Selection These documents will be presented in a new window. This page last updated 15 October 2008 ABS.Stat (Beta) CPI inflation calculator Data by region Microdata access TableBuilder Historical releases Information for small business Statistical geography Statistical methods & classifications About the ABS Information consultancy service Past releases and updates Want to help us improve our website? Like us on Facebook Follow us on Twitter Follow us on Instagram ABS RSS feed Subscribe to ABS updates	cc/2019-30/en_head_0049.json.gz/line13253
__label__wiki	0.613269	0.613269	Deconstruct the ethics, methods and mechanisms that govern our shared environment. Get behind the scenes, or get involved. A\J Greenbelts Habitat Protection Non-Renewables Home / Policy & Politics / Cold Rush Cold Rush The race is on between exploitation and conservation in the Arctic. BY Alex Speers-Roesch Dec 2014 \| Water 40.5 Categories: Climate Change - Conservation - Economics - Energy Policy - Environmental Law - Transportation - Water As world leaders gathered in New York for the UN Climate Summit and the Arctic's disappearing sea ice simultaneously reached its annual minimum, activists dressed as heads of state in papier-mâché heads floundered in a life raft in the Arctic Ocean. Left to right: Barack Obama (US), Narendra Modi (India), Angela Merkel (Germany), Vladimir Putin (Russia), David Cameron (UK), Stephen Harper (Canada) and François Hollande (France). Photo © Christian Aslund / Greenpeace The Arctic is melting as a result of global warming, with sea ice shrinking at an alarming rate. Within 30 years, the Arctic Ocean is projected to be virtually free of summer sea ice. This has led to a significant increase in marine traffic and the expectation of even larger increases in the future. In October 2014, Canada’s environment commissioner, Julie Gelfand, released an annual audit, which this year included an assessment of the federal government’s ability to support safe marine transportation in the Canadian Arctic – and the results weren’t pretty. More marine traffic means increased risk of spills, accidents and other harmful impacts. Poorly managed Arctic transportation poses a significant threat to the region. The audit found nautical charts and surveys of Canadian Arctic waters to be sorely inadequate, including those of higher-risk areas and many of the main traffic corridors. In fact, less than one per cent of Canadian Arctic waters have been surveyed to modern standards. Navigational aid systems, icebreaking services and pollution-monitoring tools all fell short. What’s more, the audit found “no long-term national vision or coordinated departmental strategies to support safe marine transportation in the Arctic.” The take-away message was that when it comes to marine transport, Canada is not ready for the changes underway in the Arctic, and if we don’t get our act together, it will put the region at risk. The conclusion is dead-on and applies to more than just marine traffic. Canada’s current inability to support Arctic shipping is just the tip of the iceberg when it comes to the failures of Canadian Arctic policy. Although the problems identified in the commissioner’s audit are certainly serious, perhaps Canada’s biggest failure in the Arctic is its refusal to seriously address the chief threat facing the region: climate change. The Arctic is warming at twice the rate of the planet as a whole, causing rapid ice melt and putting people and wildlife at risk. Iconic species such as the narwhal, polar bear and walrus depend on sea ice for their habitat and hunting grounds, and as it disappears, their futures become increasingly uncertain. Arctic Indigenous peoples too depend on the ice and the wildlife it supports for their food, livelihood and culture. Whole villages in Alaska are being washed away as permafrost melts and coasts erode into the sea. The melting Arctic threatens people outside the region as well. Arctic ice helps cool the planet, reflecting more incoming sunlight than the darker land and ocean uncovered when the ice disappears. Arctic permafrost sequesters massive quantities of carbon, but as permafrost melts, carbon is released into the atmosphere, resulting in further warming of the planet. As the ice melts, these critical climate-stabilizing services are degraded, the planet gets hotter, and the climate crisis spirals out of control. The Arctic is on the front line of climate change, and what happens in the Arctic affects everyone on Earth. In the words of Sheila Watt-Cloutier, a prominent Inuit climate advocate and Nobel Peace Prize nominee, “Climate change is amplified in the Arctic. What is happening to us now will happen soon in the rest of the world. Our region is the globe’s climate change barometer. If you want to protect the planet, look to the Arctic and listen to what Inuit are saying.” The Harper government hasn’t listened. From its 2011 withdrawal from the Kyoto Protocol, to early 2014, when Gelfand slammed the government for failing to produce climate regulations for the oil and gas sector, Canada has obstructed serious action on climate change. In 2012, when Arctic summer sea ice reached its lowest extent since satellite records began in 1979, the Harper government actually blocked federally employed scientists from reporting this fact to the media. Drilling and spilling If inaction on climate change is the biggest failure of Canada’s Arctic policy, promotion of far-offshore oil drilling is the most invidious. The Arctic Ocean is believed to have large quantities of oil and gas beneath it, and as with the tar sands, the Canadian government is keen to see these resources exploited. In the western Canadian Arctic, licenses have been granted by Aboriginal Affairs and Northern Development Canada for exploratory drilling in the Beaufort Sea. To the east, the National Energy Board has approved seismic testing around Baffin Island. In the remote and harsh Arctic environment, getting at the oil is both difficult and expensive. But this region is now being prospected because conventional oil resources are dwindling and the melting ice is making the region more accessible to industry. From a climate perspective, the idea is madness. Instead of recognizing the melting Arctic as an alarm call for the climate crisis, government and industry see it as an opportunity to dig up and burn more of the fossil fuels that are causing the crisis in the first place. According to the latest science, the majority of existing fossil fuel reserves must remain in the ground if we’re to have a good chance of keeping global warming below 2∞ Celsius. If we can’t safely burn the fossil fuels we already have, why on earth are we going out exploring for more? If the world finally gets serious about climate change and takes appropriate action to cut emissions, oil demand is expected to drop to the point that most offshore Arctic oil will become unneeded and unprofitable. Responding to the climate threat and drilling for Arctic oil are simply not compatible objectives. If we pursue one, we must be prepared to give up on the other. Sadly, the Canadian government has decided to go after the oil. Arctic oil drilling is hugely controversial for another reason: because of the remote and harsh Arctic environment, effective clean-up of a major spill is practically impossible. Given the fragile nature of the Arctic ecosystem, which is foundational to the mixed economies of northern Indigenous peoples, a major oil spill in the Arctic would be catastrophic. Even the oil industry itself has occasionally acknowledged some of the risks. Peter Slaiby, vice president of Shell in Alaska, said quite plainly in a 2012 BBC interview, “There will be spills.” In 2012, French oil giant Total announced that it would not participate in Arctic drilling because the risk of an oil spill was too great, and “a leak would do too much damage to the image of the company.” We fear that what the Conservative government is doing is a cultural genocide and will end the Inuit way of life as we know it. – Niore Iqalukjuak, Clyde River resident The government’s plans have not gone unchallenged. In June 2014, the National Energy Board approved a proposal to conduct a five-year seismic testing survey off the coast of Baffin Island despite strong opposition from local Inuit communities. One of those communities, Clyde River, has launched a legal challenge to have the decision reversed. Seismic testing involves firing extremely powerful air guns underwater, and analyzing the pattern of sounds reflected off geological structures beneath the seafloor to identify potential petroleum reservoirs. The air guns are so loud that they can cause significant harm to marine life, including disruption of migration patterns, physical damage and death. Clyde River and other Inuit communities are concerned that seismic testing and the drilling activity that would follow threaten their food security and cultural survival. Clyde River resident Niore Iqalukjuak has articulated the community’s concerns powerfully: “It completely scares us – it’s the food of our people. That’s why Inuit are so adamant about trying to stop this.... We depend on these waters for food and the very existence of Inuit life depends on them. We fear that what the Conservative government is doing is a cultural genocide and will end the Inuit way of life as we know it.” The sanctuary idea has received support from the more than six million people who’ve signed Greenpeace’s petition at savethearctic.org. A list of prominent individuals and organizations calling for the creation of an Arctic sanctuary can be found at arcticdeclaration.org. The Sanctuary Solution Canada can work to stop Arctic melting by taking strong action to fight climate change. This means the government must work toward cutting emissions by putting a price on carbon; investing in large-scale energy efficiency projects, renewable energy and mass public transportation; and supporting a fair, ambitious and binding global deal on climate change. This also means leaving Arctic oil in the ground, where the risk of spills is nil. Furthermore, Canada should take action to protect all Arctic fish stocks from new commercial fisheries, uphold the highest safety standards in marine shipping, encourage economic development that supports rather than threatens subsistence activities and culture, and work internationally to ensure that similar efforts are pursued throughout the Arctic. A wide range of individuals and civil-society organizations around the globe are calling for the creation of a sanctuary in the central Arctic Ocean to serve as the cornerstone of a new regional governance framework for Arctic protection. This Arctic Sanctuary would be a marine reserve covering the uninhabited region of the Arctic Ocean beyond the 200 nautical mile limit of Arctic coastal states’ Exclusive Economic Zones – which under international law is the usual limit of states’ rights over marine resources. The Arctic Sanctuary would be off-limits for extractive and destructive uses. There would be no fishing, no military activity, and no exploration for and extraction of hydrocarbon and mineral resources. It’s an ambitious goal, but the legal route to creating such a sanctuary is actually quite straightforward. At any time, the Arctic states (Canada, US, Russia, Iceland, Denmark/Greenland, Norway, Sweden and Finland), in collaboration with the international community, could create a binding multilateral agreement to control activities in the high seas of the Arctic Ocean and bring the sanctuary into being. This was the approach taken in creating the protected area covering Antarctica, and it could be applied again to create a sanctuary in the Arctic. Sadly, most governments are more intent on exploiting the Arctic than protecting it. All five Arctic coastal states have made claims to portions of the would-be sanctuary, with Canada, Russia and Denmark all seeking to claim the North Pole. These efforts are driven by the quest for resources, oil and gas in particular, and the political points that could be scored with domestic audiences by the government that can say it won the North Pole. The main barrier to the creation of the sanctuary, as for Arctic protection generally, is states’ pursuit of narrowly construed national self-interest, lack of political will and vested corporate interests. Though these forces are not easily beaten, we have it in our power to work together to overcome them. We have a vision and a path forward for how to protect the Arctic, we simply need to take action to make it a reality. So it falls to all of us to educate, organize and act to ensure this uniquely important region is protected, for the good of all life on Earth. See pictures of this fall’s chilly bike ride to save the Arctic and find out how you can throw your support behind a sanctuary. Subscribe or order the Water issue now for this and more great stories on fresh- and salt-water initiatives that are making waves and inspiring change in our resource-blessed country and beyond. Alex Speers-Roesch Alex Speers-Roesch is a long-time activist with a background in science. He currently works on the Greenpeace Arctic campaign. Nogojiwanong Water Walks Exclusive Excerpt...Find Your Wild Bill C-69: Assessing the impacts Changing the term "Climate Change"	cc/2019-30/en_head_0049.json.gz/line13257
__label__wiki	0.851473	0.851473	Memory Restored With Cancer Drug Yale School of Medicine researchers are reporting that memory, as well as connections between brain cells, were restored in mice with Alzheimer's when they were given an experimental cancer drug. The drug was originally developed to treat cancer. Finding are reported in the journal Annals of Neurology. The drug, saracatinib, developed by Astra Zeneca proved disappointing in treating solid tumors but appears to block damage triggered during the formation of amyloid-beta plaques, a hallmark of Alzheimer's disease. The new study, funded by an innovative National Institutes of Health (NIH) program to test failed drugs on different diseases, has led to the launch of human trials to test the efficacy of AZD05030 in Alzheimer's patients. Join Us in the Alzheimer's Reading Room - 20,816 subscribers "With this treatment, cells under bombardment by beta amyloid plaques show restored synaptic connections and reduced inflammation, and the animal's memory, which was lost during the course of the disease, comes back," said Stephen M. Strittmatter, the Vincent Coates Professor of Neurology and senior author of the study. Learn More About the Difference Between Alzheimer’s and Dementia In the last five years, scientists have developed a more complete understanding of the complex chain of events that leads to Alzheimer's disease. The new drug blocks one of those molecular steps, activation of the enzyme FYN, which leads to the loss of synaptic connections between brain cells. Several other steps in the disease process have the potential to be targets for new drugs, Strittmatter said. "The speed with which this compound moved to human trials validates our New Therapeutic Uses program model and serves our mission to deliver more treatments to more patients more quickly," said Christopher P. Austin, M.D., director of NIH's National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), which funded the work. Google Search Leading to the Alzheimer's Reading Room The Role of Reassurance in Dementia Care Twilight Moments in Dementia Patients - Sundowning Syndrome How Do You Get an Alzheimer's Patient To Take Their Medication 7 Ways To Deal With Difficult Behavior Caused By Alzheimer's and Dementia How to Listen to an Alzheimer's Patient Learning How to Communicate with Someone Living with Alzheimer's I finally realized that I was fighting Alzheimer's and this was not working. I needed to change. Like it or not reality had changed. This understanding lead me to a new place that I now call Alzheimer's World. Yale's Christopher H. van Dyck, a co-author of the paper, and Strittmatter have initiated a multi-site clinical trial to determine whether the drug can also benefit Alzheimer's patients. For more information, visit https://clinicaltrials.gov/ (NCT02167256 and NCT01864655). The study was funded by the NCATS and the NIH Common Fund, through the Office of Strategic Coordination/Office of the NIH Director Labels: alzheimer's drug , AZD05030 , brain , memory , saracatinib	cc/2019-30/en_head_0049.json.gz/line13258
__label__wiki	0.895625	0.895625	Fertility breakthrough: New research could extend egg health with age From ScienceDaily Weblink: https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2018/02/180222125659.htm Source: Princeton University Summary: Researchers have identified a key protein in old, poor-quality C. elegans eggs. When they blocked this protein midway through the fertile window, the equivalent of a woman in her early thirties, they successfully extended egg viability beyond the normal span. Another experiment that knocked out this protein's genes entirely extended the worms' fertility by about 10 percent. If applied to humans, that could represent a 3- to 6-year extension of female fertility. Princeton University researchers led by Coleen Murphy have identified a key protein in old, poor-quality C. elegans oocytes (unfertilized eggs): cathepsin B. When they administered a cathepsin B inhibitor midway through the fertile window -- on day 3 of the worms' adulthood, the equivalent of a woman in her early 30s -- they successfully extended egg viability beyond the normal span. Here, the image at the left shows a worm at the beginning of its reproductive window (day 1 of adulthood) with healthy, squarish unfertilized eggs. Worms who did not receive the treatment (upper right) have abnormally small, misshapen eggs by day 7 of adulthood. Worms who did receive the inhibitor (lower right) still have healthy, squarish eggs on day 7. Credit: Courtesy of the researchers/Princeton University Women have been told for years that if they don't have children before their mid-30s, they may not be able to. But a new study from Princeton University's Coleen Murphy has identified a drug that extends egg viability in worms, even when taken midway through the fertile window, which could theoretically extend women's fertility by three to six years. Her work appears in the current issue of the journal Current Biology. "One of the most important characteristics of aging is the loss of reproductive ability in mid-adulthood," said Murphy, a professor of molecular biology and the Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics. "As early as the mid-30s, women start to experience declines in fertility, increased rates of miscarriage and maternal age-related birth defects. All of these problems are thought to be caused by declining egg quality, rather than a lack of eggs." When she reviewed the literature on aging and on reproductive health about a decade ago, she discovered that this particular question -- how to maintain egg quality with age -- had been overlooked by researchers from both fields. "It's really why we started this," she said. "They were missing something that's really important to a lot of people. We just wondered whether we could do anything to contribute to that." Murphy, who is also the director of the Paul F. Glenn Laboratories for Aging Research at Princeton, specializes in using a microscopic worm, Caenorhabditis elegans, to study longevity. These worms have many of the same genes as humans, including those that drive the aging processes of their three-week-long lives. Several years ago, researchers in her lab discovered that C. elegans not only exhibits a similar mid-life decline in reproduction, but also that their unfertilized eggs (oocytes) showed similar declines in quality with age to human eggs. As they investigated why, the researchers in her lab focused on the genes and proteins that are more common in healthy, young eggs than aging ones. They recently decided to try the opposite approach -- investigate why some proteins are "downregulated," or less common, in the lower-quality oocytes. Nicole Templeman and Rachel Kaletsky, postdoctoral research fellows in Murphy's lab, investigated one downregulated group of proteins, cathepsin B proteases, that are rare in high-quality eggs and more common in eggs that have begun degrading with age. The existence of drugs that block these exact proteins provided an opportunity to test their effects. As she prepared to block the proteins, "there were at least three possibilities," Murphy said. "One, that this was just an inert marker of good oocytes, in which case, there would be no effect from blocking these proteins. Two, their expression increased as a compensatory mechanism to fight the effects of aging, in which case, blocking the proteins' activity would make things even worse. Or three, that these proteins normally increase in old, poor-quality oocytes and are part of the problem -- in which case, their loss would help slow age-related decline." When Templeman administered the drug, she found that the answer was behind door number three: The treated worms still had healthy eggs long after the control group did not. They had administered the drug at the beginning of the worms' reproductive window, the equivalent of puberty, so even though the drug worked, it wouldn't be helpful to adult women, Murphy said. "What you want is a drug [that] you could give to a woman in her mid-30s, and it would still preserve the oocytes that she has," Murphy said. So that's what Templeman tried next. She waited until halfway through the worms' reproductive period before she gave them the drug. It worked beautifully. "Nicole was very restrained," Murphy said. "She said, 'I think I might have interesting to show you,' and I'm jumping around. Because you can really see it -- see the difference between the worms that were treated and not treated." The results were better than they had hoped, showing that even a late administration of the drug could extend the worms' egg quality. Another experiment that knocked out the cathepsin B genes entirely succeeded in extending worms' fertility by about 10 percent. If applied to humans, Templeman said, "It could be a three- to six-year extension of your reproductive period." It can be hard to believe that microscopic worms could have anything in common with mammals, let alone humans, Murphy admitted. That's why she and Templeman were delighted to discover a cattle breeding study that found the cathepsin B proteins that affect the C. elegans oocytes play the same role in cows. "Any time you can do something in worms where you really feel you might be on the right track for mammals, that makes it pretty exciting," Murphy said. "There's still this idea out there that 'Worms are so different from mammals.' But we keep finding the same genes -- and now we're finding the same kind of drugs could affect this." "This study is significant on several fronts," said Sean Curran, an associate professor of biogerontology at the University of Southern California Leonard Davis School who was not involved in the research. "Reproductive decline is a hallmark of aging, but despite its prevalence, interventions to slow the loss of reproductive capacity are lacking. Dr. Murphy and colleagues have capitalized on their rich data sets to identify a pharmacological target to quell the loss of reproductive decline that comes with age." The cathepsin B inhibitor is nowhere near ready for testing in humans yet, Murphy said. "That's not our area," she said. "We wanted to say: This is something that could work. ... The idea that you could do something mid-reproduction to improve the rest of reproduction -- for me, that's a game changer." The article, "Insulin signaling regulates oocyte quality maintenance with age via Cathepsin B activity" by Nicole Templeman, Shijing Luo, Rachel Kaletsky, Cheng Shi, Jasmine Ashraf, William Keyes and Coleen Murphy appears in the journal Current Biology on March 8, and was released online today. The study was supported by the Glenn Foundation for Medical Research, and National Institute of Health New Innovator (1DP2OD004402-01) and March of Dimes awards to Murphy. Templeman was supported by a Banting Postdoctoral Fellowship. Editorial note: Worm researchers distinguish between "oocytes," unfertilized eggs, and "eggs," which have been fertilized, but this article uses the terms interchangeably. For details about the experiments done with oocytes or fertilized eggs, please see the published research. Materials provided by Princeton University. Original written by Liz Fuller-Wright. Note: Content may be edited for style and length. Toyia Moore March 7, 2018 Genetic profiling could improve IVF success Toyia Moore April 6, 2018 14 Important Reads For Anyone Struggling With Infertility (via Hufffpost) Toyia Moore February 19, 2018	cc/2019-30/en_head_0049.json.gz/line13260
__label__wiki	0.778257	0.778257	Search > Census & Electoral Rolls Ireland: 1841/1851 Census Abstracts (Republic of Ireland) Ancestry.com. Ireland: 1841/1851 Census Abstracts (Republic of Ireland) [database on-line]. Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2011. Original data: Masterson, Josephine. Ireland: 1841/1851 Census Abstracts (Republic of Ireland). Baltimore, MD: Genealogical Publishing Co., Inc., 1999. About Ireland: 1841/1851 Census Abstracts (Republic of Ireland) This database contains names, extracted from various records, that appeared in the 1841 and/or 1851 Irish census in the Republic of Ireland. Most Irish national census records prior to 1901 were destroyed in the 1922 fire at the Public Records Office in Dublin. Knowing this, genealogist Josephine Masterson turned to other sources to re-create these abstracts of information that appeared on the 1841 and 1851 Irish censuses. Masterson’s largest source for the abstracts contained in this database were old age pension records. Old age pensions for those age 70 and above began in 1908. However, civil registration of births, marriages, and deaths in Ireland did not begin until 1864. To prove their eligibility, applicants submitted facts that were checked against entries in 1841 and 1851 census records. These findings were recorded in summary books before the census was destroyed in the 1922 fire. Masterson also makes use of available census fragments, certified copies of portions of some returns, and family transcriptions. For more details on what and how records were used, you can refer to the introductions in Masterson’s Ireland: 1841/1851 Census Abstracts (Republic of Ireland), which you can access via the browse. What You Can Find in the Records Of course, applicants for old age pensions represent only a portion of society, and this database is not a complete reconstruction of either the 1841 or 1851 census. Details provided in the abstracts will vary widely depending on the source, but they may include the following: name of head of family relationship to head of household wife’s name and age marriage year children’s names and ages Occasionally entries may include other members of family living in the household, servants, lodgers, visitors, and people who died in the 10 years prior to census. Surnames Only This database also contains two lists of surnames that appeared in census records for the following years and locales: 1841: Killeshandra Parish, County Cavan 1851: Union of Kilworth, County Cork, parishes of Kilcrumper and Kilworth and portions of Leitrim and Macroney Masterson notes that these abstracts are transcriptions made from a secondary source, and while close attention has been given to detail, inaccuracies may still occur. 1. Title Page 2. Contents to This Book 3. Introduction to the Census of Ireland Abstracts (Republic of Ireland) - 1841/1851 4. Introduction to the Old Age Pension Abstracts 5. Guide to the Use of the Census Abstracts 6. Number of Households in This Compilation by County 8. Part I - 1841 Census from Old Age Pension Records 9. 1841 Census - Surnames, A-Z 10. Appendix to Part I 11. Index to Part I 12. Married Name Cross-Index, 1841 13. Part II - 1851 Census from Old Age Pension Records 14. 1851 Census - Surnames, A-Z 15. Appendix to Part II 16. Index to Part II 18. Part III - 1841 Irish Census Abstracts, Republic of Ireland Locations 19. Part IV - List of Surnames in the 1851 Census 20. Sources and Locations of Referenced Material 21. Locations of Indexes County Cork, Ireland, a Collection of 1851 Census Records A 1922 fire in the Public Records Office destroyed most Irish census records prior to 1901. Here, Josephine Masterson transcribes a copy of 4,000 records from County Cork that survived. Ireland, 1841/1851 Census Abstracts (Northern Ireland) Since most Irish census records prior to 1901 were destroyed in a 1922 fire, Josephine Masterson turned to old age pension records, census fragments, and other documents to re-create this small portion of the 1841 and 1851 Irish censuses. All Census & Electoral Rolls in the Card Catalogue	cc/2019-30/en_head_0049.json.gz/line13261
__label__wiki	0.677469	0.677469	Davis Family History Clarence Davis Bios Clarence M Davis Show other Clarence Davises Clarence M Davis (1914 - 1981) Clarence M Davis was born on December 20, 1914. He died on October 5, 1981 at 66 years old. He was buried in Eagle Point National Cemetery Section 14 Site 255, Eagle Point, Oregon. Branch of service: Us Army Rank attained: PVT Wars/Conflicts: World War Ii. Find records of Clarence Davis Find records of Clarence Clarence M Davis’s biography is built and maintained by people like you. Create an online profile of Clarence so that his life is remembered forever. If any factual information is incorrect, please edit Clarence’s biography. Clarence M Davis Biography & Family History This genealogy profile is dedicated to the life and ancestry of Clarence M Davis and his immediate Davis family. Add to Clarence M Davis's genealogy page to share your memories & historical research with his family and other genealogy hobbyists. There is no cause of death listed for Clarence. Eagle Point National Cemetery Section 14 Site 255, 2763 Riley Road, in Eagle Point, Oregon Did Clarence move a lot? Did he emigrate from another country? Add Clarence's last known location. Clarence M Davis lived 4 years shorter than the average Davis family member when he died at the age of 66. Did Clarence finish grade school, get a GED, go to high school, get a college degree or masters? What schools or universities did Clarence attend? Add education. Share what Clarence did for a living or if he had a career or profession. Add Profession. Rank attained: PVT Wars/Conflicts: World War Ii Unknown. Add Clarence's ethnicity. Unknown. Add Clarence's nationality. Unknown. Was Clarence a religious man? Add Clarence’s religion We currently do not have photos of Clarence M Davis. Below are potential family photos that share Clarence's last name or surname. Pictures really do say a thousand words. Add photos of Clarence during various points of his life William Davis Funeral Program Dorothy Davis Smith,1958 Dorothy (Davis) Smith Dorothy Davis Smith Faye Davis 1914 - In the year that Clarence M Davis was born, President Woodrow Wilson signed a proclamation designating Mother's Day, the second Sunday in May, as a national holiday to honor mothers. Anna Jarvis had championed a Mother's Day for years but Congress had joked a few years earlier that then they would have to proclaim a "Mother-in-law's Day" as well. The President who championed a woman's right to vote also created a day in their honor. 1925 - When he was just 11 years old, in July, the Scopes Trial - often called the Scopes Monkey Trial - took place, prosecuting a substitute teacher for teaching evolution in school. Tennessee had enacted a law that said it was "unlawful to teach human evolution in any state-funded school". William Jennings Bryan headed the prosecution and Clarence Darrow headed the defense. The teacher was found guilty and fined $100. An appeal to the Supreme Court of Tennessee upheld the law but overturned the guilty verdict. 1937 - He was 23 years old when on May 28th, the San Francisco Golden Gate Bridge opened to cars. Taking 5 years to build, the 4,200-foot-long suspension bridge was an engineering marvel of its time - 11 men died during construction. The "international orange" color was chosen because it resisted rust and fading. To the present, it is the symbol of the City that is known throughout the world. 1976 - He was 62 years old when on August 4th, a mysterious illness struck an American Legion convention in Philadelphia. Within a week, 25 people had died and 130 people had been hospitalized. It was the first known instance of what came to be called "Legionnaires Disease." 1981 - In the year of Clarence M Davis's passing, on August 1st, MTV debuted. It was the first music video TV channel. The first music video played was the Buggles' "Video Killed the Radio Star" - the second was Pat Benatar's "You Better Run". Clarence M Davis Family Tree Who was Clarence’s parents? Did he get married and did they have children? Share Clarence’s family tree to share his legacy and genealogy pedigree. Clarence's Family You can add or remove people from Clarence's family tree by clicking here. This obit of Clarence M Davis is updated by the community. Edit this biography to contribute to his obituary. Include details such as cemetery, burial, newspaper obituary and grave or marker inscription if available. Clarence M Davis passed away on October 5, 1981 at 66 years of age. No cause of death has been listed for Clarence. He was buried in Eagle Point National Cemetery Section 14 Site 255, Eagle Point, Oregon. He was born on December 20, 1914. We are unaware of information about Clarence's surviving family. Share a Memory about Clarence Davis What do you remember about Clarence M Davis? Share your memories of special moments and stories you have heard about him. Or just leave a comment to show the world that Clarence is remembered. Other Records of Clarence M Davis Our Hardworking Ancestors Long days, backbreaking work, low pay: In the late 19th century and early 20th century, the average American worked 7 days a week, 12 hrs a day just to survive. Even children as young as 5 or 6... Oscar Winners And (Surprising) Losers From The Last 88 Years These actors and actresses were giants in the Hollywood pantheon - some won Oscars, some were nominated, and some were passed over entirely. Do you know who was overlooked and which ones actually... Hitler Youth Sentenced to Life Imprisonment This photo of a former member of the Hitler Youth - Hitlerjugend - being sentenced for espionage in 1945, is trending on Reddit over the last couple of days. It shows 16 year old Karl Arno... Other Clarence Davises Clarence Victor James Davis (1920 - 1940) Clarence George Davis (1893 - 1917) Clarence Arthur Davis (died 1944) Clarence A. Davis (1921 - 1944) Clarence Davis (1905 - 1941) Clarence E Davis (born 1927) Kentucky Clarence Samuel Davis (born 1925) Georgia Clarence D Davis (born 1927) Florida Clarence S Davis (born 1927) North Carolina Clarence Davis (born 1926) Mississippi Clarence G Davis (born 1926) North Carolina Clarence C Davis (born 1927) Pennsylvania Clarence O Davis (born 1925) Delaware Clarence A Davis (born 1927) New York Clarence L Davis (born 1920) New York Clarence L Davis (born 1927) New Jersey Clarence S Davis (born 1922) New Jersey Clarence D Davis (born 1925) Delaware Clarence Davis (born 1917) New York Other Davises Mary Davis (1920 - 1996) George W Davis Jr (1940 - 1996) Joseph Davis (1915 - 1987) Jean Marie Davis (1920 - 1996) Leon Robert Lee Davis (1909 - 1970) Mildred Elizabeth Davis (1922 - 1996) Donald Leroy Davis (1928 - 1996) Robert W Davis (1913 - 1996) Leemar Davis (1913 - 1969) Walter Lee Thompson (1930 - 1994) Lucinda Gallegos (1929 - 1994) Willis H Spell Iii (1940 - 1996) Alfred C Giusti (1952 - 1996) Aaron D Martinez (1988 - 1990) James Arthur Johnson (1923 - 1996) Doris Bernadette Smith (1920 - 1996) Frank Montero Iii (1921 - 1996) Alan W Harris (1957 - 1996) Roy Lee Butler (1954 - 1996) John A Donohue (1921 - 1996) Lonnie L Grasty (1926 - 1996) Mary Ida Cruse (1932 - 1992) William Henry Harrison Coates (1922 - 1996) Donald Lawrence Edwards (1922 - 1996) William H Richmond Jr (1912 - 1993) William Howard Barker (1912 - 1996) James Leo Frankman (1969 - 1970) Alice Frankman (1903 - 1974) Success Stories from Biographies like Clarence M Davis	cc/2019-30/en_head_0049.json.gz/line13262
__label__cc	0.619159	0.380841	Whiskey Guardians: Indianapolis, IN Jason Foust Jason got his first bartending job when he turned 21 during college. He worked at a historic hotel bar, with an older and very eclectic clientele. Luckily, it was an excellent fit for an industry that was about to see a craft cocktail revival. Jason said, “I started the right way by making mostly classics taught to me by story-telling old-timers. I have tended bar in some form ever since (it’s been a while now). I went to college for Architecture, ended with Telecommunications and now have found my calling through spirits!” He currently serves as the United States Bartender Guild Regional Vice President for the 18 markets in the Midwest Region and oversees beverage programs for whiskey and barbecue, Mexican and farm-to-table concepts throughout Indianapolis. When asked how he became serious about bartending, Jason answers, “If I had to pick a breakthrough moment, it would have to be the Bombay Sapphire Most Inspired Bartender competition. I was running a neighborhood bar/restaurant in a suburb of Indianapolis, where creativity came in the form of bombs and shots. I had a rep who recommended the competition to me, so I entered, competed and won for Indiana. I was featured in GQ magazine and competed in Las Vegas at the National Finals. I was totally unprepared, but it was a glimpse into the craft side of the industry, and I wanted to be a part of it. I left there motivated and jumped right into books and buying weird spirits.” “Today, it’s the interaction with people on a daily basis that keeps me sparked. Our family of regulars, but also the new conversations keep each day interesting. That doesn’t happen in many industries. The seemingly unlimited array of spirits keeps me learning and mixing up new things.” It’s the interaction with people on a daily basis that keeps me sparked. Our family of regulars, but also the new conversations keep each day interesting. That doesn’t happen in many industries. Jason has a very practical appreciation for Angel’s Envy. “Whiskey has always been a passion of mine, and Angel’s Envy was first introduced to me by a customer. It was interesting because it was a finished bourbon, which led the charge in a market that would be flooded with options. They were the “something different” whiskey that you could easily pitch to someone, on top of the fact it was fantastic juice! It continues to bridge gaps between people looking to try whiskey for the first time or for seasoned drinkers looking for something else.” When he’s not working, he focuses on his family. “I spend all my free time with my two girls, Averi and Ella. They keep me grounded and focused. Pool time and arts and crafts are always a focus, but if I get a chance, I like to see as many concerts as I can. I travel to most of the spirits/cocktail trade events and like to stay crisp through competitions.” Be sure to attend one of Jason’s events the next time you’re in Indianapolis. He’s been with us for a long time, and he knows what he’s doing. Brandon Benitez Originally from California, Brandon has lived in Texas for the past eight years, and is beginning to consider himself a…Read More Hannah Scollos Hannah graduated from the University of Central Florida where she worked her way through school as a server and bartender.…Read More Jojo Twiford After earning a degree in Interior Design, Jojo worked as a designer in Tampa, FL for 4 years. One day,…Read More	cc/2019-30/en_head_0049.json.gz/line13264
__label__cc	0.605253	0.394747	myGS In January 2018, Armstrong State University consolidated with Georgia Southern University. This site serves as the permanent web archives of the historic Armstrong State University. For current information about the Armstrong Campus of Georgia Southern University, visit georgiasouthern.edu/campuses. h > News > News Archives > Armstrong Honored in Online College Plan’s Top 20 Best Four-Year Colleges for Veterans Armstrong Honored in Online College Plan’s Top 20 Best Four-Year Colleges for Veterans (February 1, 2017) – Armstrong State University recently ranked #20 on Online College Plan’s Top 20 Best Four-Year Colleges for Veterans list. Online College Plan compiled the list by utilizing data and research from multiple sources, such as National Center for Education Statistics, Military Times and Military.com. “Online learning programs are increasingly popular among military members, who are able to continue their studies without interruption, regardless of their work schedules or the location of their assignments,” notes Armstrong Military Outreach Director Phil Gore. “We are honored to represent Georgia and to be the only university in the state to be recognized as one of the nation's Top 20 Best Four-Year Colleges for Veterans.” This ranking is designed to help veterans find online programs within universities that offer direct assistance with enrollment and facilitation of their entitled educational benefits, including the G.I. Bill. The statistics factored in faculty to student ratios, staff support, academic support, course completion, retention and graduation of military students, as well as the percentage of graduates employed after six years and their salaries. Armstrong received additional credit for ranking fourth in the nation among four-year colleges on Military Times Best for Vets: Colleges 2017 list. According to the National Center for Education Statistics, more than 2.5 million students, or roughly 12.5 percent of all college students, took online courses exclusively in 2014, and another 13.3 percent of students combined online studies with traditional courses. Armstrong has also been recognized as a Top 100 Military Spouse Friendly School by Military Spouse magazine, a Top School for Military Students by Military Advanced Education & Transition magazine and a Gold Level Military Friendly School by G.I. Jobs magazine. As well, Armstrong has a Green Zone program to support military-affiliated students on campus through faculty and staff awareness training and waives all mandatory fees for active duty military. In addition to providing a supportive campus environment for military-affiliated students, Armstrong is also part of a network of universities that work to guarantee transferability of credits for military students, provides in-state tuition for members of the military and their families and offers college credit for military experience. As a complement to Armstrong’s main campus in Savannah, the university operates the Armstrong Liberty Center in Hinesville, which helps members of the military community and their families pursue higher education and earn college degrees in key fields in Liberty County. “Many of the professors I had at Armstrong left an indelible mark on the man I've become today,I think the simplest, most relevant takeaway is that they taught me how to be an adult.” Travis Jones B.F.A. in Photography k Apply Now c Request Information p Visit Campus Title IX Assistance Savannah, Georgia 31419 admissions@georgiasouthern.edu A University System of Georgia Institution Armstrong proudly supports Savannah Graduates, a community partnership focused on increasing the number of adults in Savannah-Chatham County with high quality degrees and credentials. f t i l u g	cc/2019-30/en_head_0049.json.gz/line13270
__label__wiki	0.807969	0.807969	THANKS TO OUR JUDGES! The ENDANGERED team would like to thank our Judges who so generously gave their time and skill to reviewing all 300 entries. We would like to thank Carolyn Benesh, Coeditor and Copublisher of Ornament magazine, Thom Collins, Director of the Pérez Art Museum Miami and Joel Sartore, Photographer for doing a fine job of judging a high caliber range of entries. We would also like to thank Paul Fisher and his team at Juried Art Services, Nidia Helena, Sanjay and Joyce for generously donating their services to run this contest. They have been a constant source of advice and help. We are so fortunate to have their support. In Contest YOUNG ARTISTS CATEGORY Jon Norris August 26, 2014 We have a special category for artists with birthdays on or after October 3rd, 1997. Click here to view rules and to enter the contest. SUMATRAN MALE ORANGUTAN CLYDE An amazing photograph by Joel Sartore, Photographer, one of the judges for the ENDANGERED contest this year. THOM COLLINS WILL BE ONE OF THE JUDGES FOR THE 2014 ENDANGERED CONTEST Jon Norris July 23, 2014 We are thrilled to announce that Thom Collins, Director of the Pérez Art Museum Miami, has agreed to join the judging panel for the Art and Photography Contest. Thomas “Thom” Collins is an arts administrator, art historian, educator andauthor with more than 15 years of experience serving as a director and curator at several of America’s top museums. He was named director of Pérez Art Museum Miami, formerly Miami Art Museum, in August 2010. Prior to joining PAMM, Collins served as director of the Neuberger Museum of Art in Westchester County, New York where he was recognized for his ability to advance institutional development and foster community engagement, as well as the creation of major endowments for new programming initiatives and capital improvements. Collins has served as director of the Contemporary Museum in Baltimore, Md., and chief curator at the Contemporary Arts Center in Cincinnati, Ohio. Past exhibitions curated by Collins include Andy Warhol: Pop Politics (Neuberger, 2009); Loop, a multimedia exhibition that explored new critical and popular understandings of time as they have been influenced by science and technology (CAC, 2002); New Photography: Richard Billingham, Thomas Demand, Osamu Kanemura, Sophie Ristelhueber, Georgina Starr, Wolfgang Tillmans (MoMA, 1996). Collins earned his master’s degree from Northwestern University and his bachelor’s degree from Swarthmore College. He currently holds memberships in the Association of Art Museum Directors, the Association of Art Museum Curators, American Association of Museums and the College Art Association. PODCAST WITH JOEL SARTORE A fascinating podcast interview with Joel Sartore - one of the judges of the ENDANGERED Art & Photography Contest. Joel Sartore is a photographer, speaker, author, teacher, conservationist, National Geographic Fellow, and a regular contributor to National Geographic Magazine. ← NewerOlder →	cc/2019-30/en_head_0049.json.gz/line13271
__label__cc	0.695168	0.304832	About Artstor What's in Artstor Core Collections Teach with Artstor Artstor for Secondary Schools Get Artstor Artstor Digital Library JSTOR Forum Share on Twitter Share on Facebook Email A closer look at Hans Holbein’s “The Ambassadors” Hans Holbein the Younger \| Jean de Dinteville and Georges de Selve (‘The Ambassadors’) \| 1533 \| The National Gallery, London \| Photograph ©The National Gallery, London Hans Holbein the Younger’s “The Ambassadors” of 1533 is well known for its anamorphic image of a skull in the foreground, but upon close perusal, the objects on the table between the two subjects prove just as fascinating. To start with, the painting memorializes Jean de Dinteville, French ambassador to England, and his friend, Georges de Selve, who acted on several occasions as French ambassador to the Republic of Venice, to the Pope in Rome, and to England, Germany, and Spain. The upper shelf, which is concerned with the the heavens, includes a celestial globe, a portable sundial, and various other instruments used for understanding the heavens and measuring time, while the lower shelf, which reflects the affairs of the world, holds musical instruments, a hymn book, a book of arithmetic, and a terrestrial globe. Hans Holbein the Younger \| Jean de Dinteville and Georges de Selve (‘The Ambassadors’); Detail \| 1533 \| The National Gallery, London \| Photograph ©The National Gallery, London Holbein painted “The Ambassadors” during a particularly tense period marked by rivalries between the Kings of England and France, the Roman Emperor, and the Pope. Furthermore, the French church was split over the question of the Reformation. The religious and political strife was reflected symbolically in the details of the painting. Among them: A crucifix is half-obscured by a green curtain in the top left corner of the painting, symbolizing the division of the church. The broken string on the lute evokes ecclesiastical disharmony during the Reformation. The open book of music next to the lute has been identified as a Lutheran hymnal, and the book of mathematics is open on a page of divisions which opens with the word “Dividirt.” There are also non-political details throughout the work, such as the ages of the sitters being written in Latin on the dagger’s sheath (Dinteville) and on the book on the top shelf (de Selve). And we won’t even go into the complicated issues with the many scientific instruments, including apparently intentional contradictions and inconsistencies. If you are interested, we highly recommend “The Scientific Instruments in Holbein’s Ambassadors: A Re-Examination” by Elly Dekker and Kristen Lippincott in the Journal of the Warburg and Courtauld Institutes , Vol. 62, (1999), available via JSTOR. View “The Ambassadors” in the Digital Library and remember to zoom in to see the details, and visit The National Gallery, London page in Artstor to learn about the other 2,370 stunning works in the collection. – Giovanni Garcia-Fenech You may also be interested in: The many questions surrounding Jan Van Eyck’s Arnolfini Portrait \| Tagged hans holbein the ambassadors Help shape our webinar content! What’s in the box? 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__label__wiki	0.638194	0.638194	Finding the history behind Albert Manuell Alvarez Posted: Tue Feb 14, 2017 7:51 pm Post subject: Finding the history behind Albert I began my research on my late father's horse racing and work career in earnest starting with my retirement in January, 2008. My late sister, Helene, and I were to do this work together; however, she passed away in 2005, after a long illness. I waited too long to start this work. She was eager to start, loved genealogy, and enjoyed learning and talking about our family history. She called me just about every day, and I miss having her help. Our father never really spoke much about his horse racing, work experiences, and early life in this country. His four children did not evidently ask enough questions; therefore, what we are left with is a lot of mysteries and empty spaces which can never really be filled entirely. Our connection to the Spanish communities where Dad and his family first lived, worked, and started life in America is mostly distant and unknown to us just like his Asturian heritage. It is there outside of Clarksburg in Anmoore that Dad probably learned to speak and write English with the help of the Spanish Asturian community. Evidently, upon his arrival, he must have learned very quickly since I believe that due to his farming background and health conditions, he did not like working in the zinc foundry and left that job as soon as possible. He claims to have been an interpreter for an American doctor sometime during his various careers. That takes a good command of both languages. Dad was extremely bright for a person with the equivalency of a third grade education. I know that he was not trying to be mysterious about his life experiences because Dad would never have thought that his everyday life and work experiences were historical, worth writing or talking about. He was a very humble and unassuming person. Many times, along the Charles Town Racetrack backside rail, he would often say that horseracing was not for me and that it had humbled and broken many people that he knew, including himself. As I make each discovery, I come to realize that he is a man of the ages and possessed a great deal of knowledge and practical wisdom, and that his children, despite our educational accomplishments and life exploits, our life experiences have paled compared to his. He actually made the road a lot easier for us by hard work, and I wish that I had asked more questions or took more time to appreciate him. Each April 22, on his birthday, I always reflect what I would have done differently. Dad took quite a lot about his life to the grave with him. Finding some of his thirty-four international racing wins in Canada and Cuba between the years of 1937 to 1947, has given momentum to my efforts in continuing the search. I feel that there is now much more to find and I have only scratched the surface. Further, those obscure references to his life that he did share, give me hope that someday I may be able to connect more of the dots, but not all. Much documentation has been lost and is compounded by the lack of nonexistent and unconfirmed anecdotal information. Dad was born on April 22, 1902, in the Principality of Asturias, Spain, to Manuel and Manuela Alvarez, the eighth child of nine. His twin sister died at child birth and the doctor chose the male child to save. He was baptized the next day which was also the same day his sister was buried. Our grandparents named him, Arsenio, in honor of the doctor that saved his life. His given name was, Arsenio Alvarez Alvarez. His early chores were to guard, feed, and care for the farm horses. It is there in Asturias, that we believe he learned how to handle and care for horses. The question about how and when he acquired the middle name of Albert has always been bantered about in our family. Unfortunately, we can only surmise the reason since he passed away in 1975, after receiving an untreated head injury from one of his horses he was exercising at the Charles Town Racetrack at the age of 72. Our mother succumbed to cancer in 1959, so we have no frame of reference for his acquiring the middle name of Albert; except, for one discovery that the Spanish community in Clarksburg/Anmoore where he first lived used nicknames. A good friend of ours gave us a copy of the 2009 Fall edition of the Goldenseal Magazine, which featured several articles concerning the Asturian emigration to the Clarksburg area. It would appear according to the article and a book written about the life of these Spanish immigrants that men from the Asturias region of Spain were highly preferred because they could withstand the heat of the zinc furnaces in the foundry. This magazine gift has led to many other discoveries and has given me hope that there is more history to be found. I never knew that our Dad was a zinc worker; although, I am sure that he did not last long in that occupation since he grew up on a farm. He spoke about mining coal in Rivesville and Logan and never once mentioned anything about working in a zinc factory or living in Anmoore. Most Asturian men came because they were recruited by the lure of money or had family members already employed in the zinc mill and; therefore, they had a support system readily established. We do not know why Dad really came. He was from an agricultural background. The two family farms were probably not that productive to support a large family, and Dad did not have the means to purchase his own farm. Many Asturians migrated to other countries to find work. Traditionally, in Spain, all the inheritances go to the oldest son and Dad probably was unemployed, without any job skills other than farming, and dependent on his parents for support. One thing is for sure, each Asturiano came to America with a different dream and reason. Why Dad came is just as mysterious as his acquiring a middle name of Albert. Our father sailed from the Asturian Port of Gijon to Cuba. Both he and his brother, Ramon, were under the age of twenty-one. They were not accompanied by an adult and the Ellis Island Immigration Officials would not allow them to enter the United States through New York. Meeting them in Cuba was their older brother, Angel, who brought them into the US at Key West. From there they made their way to Clarksburg, WV, and just three days later they were recorded in the 1920, US Census as staying with their sister, Josepha, brother-in-law, Jake Alvarez, and their three children. Also living in the house on Ash Street in Anmoore were their brother, Angel, and two Spanish boarders named Garcia. Dad listed his occupation as being a laborer in a chemical mill which was probably the zinc foundry. Our father represents one of many thousands of Spanish Asturians who left Spain, never to return back to their place of birth. Most were assimilated into the American culture and moved looking for work and a new home in this country after the zinc plants closed. That may explain why Dad held many jobs and why he left Clarksburg and his siblings. After reading the only book dedicated to the Clarksburg Spanish community entitled, Pinnick Kinnick Hill; I believe that I have finally discovered why he may have had the name of Albert. All the Spanish workers utilized a nickname in the zinc mill rather than their own given names. It is probably as good as any other explanation. Finally, I think I found the history behind his name of Albert. Everyone called him Albert, and it was not fully understood by me that this was not his given name until I received a copy of his Spanish birth and baptismal certificates from my sister in January, 1976, a month after his death. In searching for the history behind Albert, I have discovered that once I had three Spanish Alvarez cousins who briefly lived here in West Virginia and left Clarksburg with their parents for the journey back to Spain. I have also have made contact with other Spanish descendants, who like me are interested in preserving the history of our Asturian families who suffered and persevered many travails while trying out the American dream in Clarksburg. Dad drifted from job to job after 1920, until he became a horse trainer in 1937, by which he will be best known for his international racing. Dad's domestic racing career and record is not quite as spectacular, interesting, or historical as the international racing records he established in Cuba and Canada. 1942 was a milestone in my father's life because he became a naturalized citizen and won thirteen international horse races that same year with Cuban bred, Azabache, winning the 1940 Riverside Handicap in Cuba, worth two thousand dollars, and Loyal Son winning five out of thirteen in 1942. Currently, there is a scholarship established for both him and our mother at Shepherd University totaling over one hundred thousand dollars in aid for West Virginia students. He is the only Spanish immigrant and horse trainer to have a bridge named in his honor in the state and a sizable scholarship. Further, because of his international racing accomplishments, he is recognized on the Famous West Virginian website, Asturian American Migration Forum, El Comercio newspaper, and in the West Virginia History Archives. Even with these recognitions, and small glimpses into the biography of a person's life, one will never get to fully appreciate and understand the person. Note: Most of what we know about our Asturian father is mostly anecdotal and is not verified through documentation.	cc/2019-30/en_head_0049.json.gz/line13275
__label__wiki	0.566074	0.566074	Volume 8, issue 16 Atmos. Chem. Phys., 8, 4855-4864, 2008 https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-8-4855-2008 Multiphase modeling of nitrate photochemistry in the quasi-liquid layer (QLL): implications for NOx release from the Arctic and coastal Antarctic snowpack C. S. Boxe and A. Saiz-Lopez C. S. Boxe and A. Saiz-Lopez C. S. Boxe and A. Saiz-Lopez Earth and Space Science Div., NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Inst. of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA Abstract. We utilize a multiphase model, CON-AIR (Condensed Phase to Air Transfer Model), to show that the photochemistry of nitrate (NO3−) in and on ice and snow surfaces, specifically the quasi-liquid layer (QLL), can account for NOx volume fluxes, concentrations, and [NO]/[NO2] (γ=[NO]/[NO2]) measured just above the Arctic and coastal Antarctic snowpack. Maximum gas phase NOx volume fluxes, concentrations and γ simulated for spring and summer range from 5.0×104 to 6.4×105 molecules cm−3 s−1, 5.7×108 to 4.8×109 molecules cm−3, and ~0.8 to 2.2, respectively, which are comparable to gas phase NOx volume fluxes, concentrations and γ measured in the field. The model incorporates the appropriate actinic solar spectrum, thereby properly weighting the different rates of photolysis of NO3− and NO2−. This is important since the immediate precursor for NO, for example, NO2−, absorbs at wavelengths longer than nitrate itself. Finally, one-dimensional model simulations indicate that both gas phase boundary layer NO and NO2 exhibit a negative concentration gradient as a function of height although [NO]/[NO2] are approximately constant. This gradient is primarily attributed to gas phase reactions of NOx with halogens oxides (i.e. as BrO and IO), HOx, and hydrocarbons, such as CH3O2. Article (PDF, 757 KB) Supplement (114 KB) How to cite: Boxe, C. S. and Saiz-Lopez, A.: Multiphase modeling of nitrate photochemistry in the quasi-liquid layer (QLL): implications for NOx release from the Arctic and coastal Antarctic snowpack, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 8, 4855-4864, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-8-4855-2008, 2008.	cc/2019-30/en_head_0049.json.gz/line13276
__label__wiki	0.569178	0.569178	The Australian Wine Research Institute > Research & Development > Research, Development & Extension Plan 2017-2025 > RD&E Plan – Projects > Project 3.5.3 Project 3.5.3 Formation and fate of positive and negative sulfur compounds Volatile sulfur compounds (VSCs) can contribute both positive and negative attributes to wines, and their control in a winery environment is an important avenue to increasing wine value either by increasing positive sensory attributes or through the reduction of negative characters. The occurrence of VSCs can be influenced by factors including: yeast selection and fermentation conditions; the nature and quantity of precursor compounds; the availability or absence of oxygen at different points of the winemaking process; and availability and speciation of transition metal ions such as copper. Winemakers are familiar with the practice of adding copper sulfate to wines that exhibit ‘rotten egg’ or other ‘reduced’ characters when in tank. Many winemakers have also seen these ‘reduced’ characters disappear from their wines in the short term, only to see them return at a later date, sometimes after bottling. By exploring the chemistry of VSC formation and the important role played by metals, these common winemaking observations can be better understood, potentially leading to recommendations for ways to reduce the risk of undesirable ‘reduced’ aromas. Origin of volatile sulfur compounds It is generally considered that yeast metabolism is the underlying source of most sulfur-based volatile compounds in wine, either through the production of precursors or of the compounds themselves. Fermentations conducted using 100 yeast strains in a synthetic grape juice and a red must as part of the AWRI’s yeast research were analysed for low molecular weight sulfur compounds and volatile thiols. The analytical results, combined with genomic data on these yeast strains, revealed that the potential of a particular strain to release the volatile thiols 3MH and 4MMP from cysteine-bound precursors correlates with certain alleles (versions) of the gene IRC7. The majority (75%) of yeast strains analysed were classified as low thiol releasers, and it was established that the cause for this phenotype was the presence of inactivating mutations in the IRC7 gene. Managing the nature of copper in wine It has commonly been thought that when sulfides in wine interact with copper, they simply precipitate out and are removed from the wine through racking and filtration. Recent work by collaborators at Charles Sturt University has shown, however, that this is not necessarily the case. This finding, along with increased understanding of the risks of residual copper species in wine, has made it important to gain a more thorough understanding of the nature and role of copper sulfides formed in wine. Many wine compounds have the capacity to bind copper, including organic acids (such as tartaric acid), tannins, polyphenols, and VSCs. The binding of copper to these various compounds may affect the particle size of the copper-complexes, which in turn may affect the binding sites of copper that are available to catalyse the formation of VSCs. To investigate this, the impacts of different ratios of H2S and copper in model wine were studied using nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA). A decrease in the mean particle diameter was seen as the ratio of H2S to copper increased. Furthermore, the copper-tartrate complex concentration increased with H2S addition. At equimolar concentrations of H2S and copper the particle size was smaller than in the other treatments, suggesting strong and uniform binding of H2S and copper that prevented copper from further interacting with other compounds to produce larger particles. As the ratio of copper was increased in relation to H2S, the particle size increased, suggesting that the unbound copper was available to interact with other compounds (in this case tartaric acid) to form larger particles. Further studies are needed to determine whether the smaller particle size is associated with lower catalytic ability, that is if all the binding sites of copper are occupied and prevented from further interaction with other wine compounds. The impact of pH on complex formation was also investigated. Lower pH decreased copper-tartrate complex size and lower particle concentrations were measured when compared to copper-tartrate complexes produced at higher pH. The difference in particle size and concentration of copper-tartrate complexes suggests that the type of copper-tartrate complexes that are produced at varying pH levels may affect the binding sites of copper that are available to either catalyse the formation of VSCs such as H2S, or quench the thiols produced to form copper sulfide complexes. Current work has shown that wine pH, copper additions and the interaction between pH and copper significantly influence VSC formation in Chardonnay and Shiraz wines post-bottling. The chemical speciation of copper in wine A collaborative project with Charles Sturt University (CSU) investigated the speciation of the copper found in a range of 52 commercially available wines. Using anodic stripping voltammetry Dr Andrew Clark and co-workers at CSU were able to show that levels of electrochemically labile copper as low as 25 µg/L correlated with the inhibition of free H2S. While confirming the ability of copper to bind H2S, the study also showed that in the vast majority of the wines tested the copper was present in non-labile forms and was not available to inhibit the formation of free H2S. This correlates with earlier findings that residual copper in wine rarely serves to inhibit the formation of volatile sulfur compounds and in many cases appears to facilitate it. The impact of timing of copper additions Copper additions made immediately before bottling were found to lead to significant increases in H2S 12 months after packaging in comparison to equivalent additions made directly after fermentation. Interestingly, these differences did not become evident until the 12-month time point, with earlier time points showing essentially equivalent results for both treatments. This work highlights the weakness of traditional benchtop trials used to determine copper additions, where only the immediate effects are assessed and not the long-term impacts in-bottle. Methods for managing the impacts of copper While the risks of residual copper in packaged wine are becoming increasingly apparent, copper is still an important tool for winemakers dealing with volatile sulfur characters. For this reason it is important to identify ways to manage residual copper after it has been added to wine. One possibility is to bind copper to chelating compounds that completely remove it from the wine matrix or chemically isolate it so that it can no longer participate in the formation of reductive characters. To investigate this, a range of possible chelating agents were trialled in wine. A commercial polyphenol extract was found to suppress H2S formation at the 12-month time point in comparison to controls. As seen in the trial on the timing of copper additions, this suppression did not become evident until the 12-month time point, suggesting an interesting interaction of polyphenols, metals and other wine components occurring over time in bottle. Ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid, a common chelation agent used in food production, also demonstrated significant effects both at equimolar concentrations (to copper and iron) and in excess. The results suggest that differing metal chelation environments can be present and that these can have a significant effect on the mechanism of H2S generation. Markus Herderich Eric Wilkes Marlize Bekker Toni Garcia Cordente	cc/2019-30/en_head_0049.json.gz/line13277
__label__wiki	0.632362	0.632362	ATV Tour Horseback Rides Palo Verde National Park Tour Miravalles Volcano Tour Canopy Tour National Wild Life Refuge Ostional Ocean Sports The Palo Verde National Park, on the banks of the Rio Tempisque, is one of the best wildlife and bird watching sites in Costa Rica. The remote wetland sanctuary harbors one of Central America’s largest concentrations of aquatic birds, and is the most important migratory bird site of the Mesoamerican Pacific. Surrounded by limestone hills and rivers, the lowlands of the Tempisque basin become a vast area of wetlands in the rainy season. Towards the end of the rainy season, Palo Verde is home to at least 250,000 birds. It is also important as it shelters one of the last remaining deciduous dry forests of the Neotropics. Palo Verde forms part of the Tempisque Conservation Area, which includes the Barra Honda National Park, the Caballero Wildlife Refuge, the Lomas Barbudal Biological Reserve and other areas of biological interest. Protected areas in the Tempisque river basin cover a total of 73,000 hectares, spread over 15 habitats, thus being one of Costa Rica's most biologically diverse sites. Around 75 species of mammals, including peccaries, armadillos, deer, monkeys, and coatis roam the thickets. Palo Verde harbors Costa Rica's largest population of eyra cat, a brownish and small wild cat. 55 species of reptiles and amphibians live there, and the Tempisque River has the largest concentration of crocodiles in Costa Rica. Tour Prices: $200 per person, minimun 4 people = $800 + tax (or $580 + tax per 2 persons). Tour Departure: Between 8 and 11 a.m., depending ocean tide. Tour lenght: 6 hours. What´s included? English speaking tour guide, lunch, National Park entrance fee and transportation. What do you need to take? Long or short pants, plain color clothing, mosquito repellent, sunscreen, and camera. Recommended for: For all familly, nature lovers and general public. Payment method: You can charged to your hotel account or pay cash directly to the tour operator. Book a trip/tour I have a confirmed booking	cc/2019-30/en_head_0049.json.gz/line13278
__label__wiki	0.66292	0.66292	Civil Liberties / Politics Democracy Now: an American TV debut Last week the admirable US television and radio program Democracy Now broadcast its 1-hour weekday shows, comprising news and interviews or discussions on civil rights and war-and-peace issues, from a small rented studio in London (London, England) instead of from its usual home in New York. The second half of the program on Thursday (9 March 06) was devoted to a discussion of civil rights in Britain in which I took part along with the splendid Shami Chakrabarti, Director of the UK civil rights organisation Liberty, and Milan Rai, founding member of Voices in the Wilderness, an organisation opposed to economic sanctions on Iraq, currently coordinating the group Justice Not Vengeance. Milan Rai is the first to be charged with “organizing an unauthorized demonstration” under the Serious Organized Crime and Police Act after his arrest at an anti-war demonstration in London last year as he and a colleague read out the names of British soldiers killed in Iraq, and he is bracing himself for a possible prison sentence at his imminent trial. You can hear (but not watch) our discussion here: it begins about 33 minutes into the 1-hour programme. The discussion is chaired by the presenter and presiding genius of Democracy Now, Amy Goodman. Amy is very amiable (bad pun) and simultaneously extremely professional (as she should be, considering her long and distinguished experience). We had no discussion at all before we started doing the programme so I was impressed by how much they knew about me, including not only the background to my resignation from SIAC but also that I was one of the 52 signatories of the open letter to Blair attacking UK and US middle east policies and the author of an article in the Guardian in October 2004 about the use in evidence of information got by torture. The programme’s small cadre of researchers had obviously done their stuff, more than can sometimes be said of much better resourced programmes on major British networks. I was also impressed by Amy Goodman’s excellent short, ‘open’ questions, giving lots of scope to say what I wanted, unlike the long rambling ‘closed’ or leading questions by people like James Naughtie of the Today programme on BBC radio 4 which can generally be answered ‘yes’ or ‘no’, thereby revealing nothing at all about the views of the interviewee, but plenty about those of the interviewer. Shami Chakrabarti commented on this to me as we were leaving. (She is so telegenic and articulate and hyper-intelligent that I was in two minds about whether it was a good idea being on the programme with her.) It was interesting to be talking about the erosion of our civil liberties in Britain for a television and radio audience in the United States and Canada: also slightly inhibiting, as one couldn’t assume as much background knowledge of the situation here as one does, possibly mistakenly, in talking to fellow-Brits, but also because it’s surprisingly uncomfortable criticising one’s own country, or at any rate its government, to foreigners. So I was glad to be able to squeeze in, at the very end of the programme, after being warned by Ms Goodman that we only had 5 seconds left, two small but important points: one, that however bad the deterioration in the civil liberties situation in Britain, it was still nothing like as bad as that in the US and places for which the US was responsible such as Guantanamo and Abu Ghraib; and secondly, that the 7/7 London bombings on the London tubes by Islamist extremists had not been nearly as traumatic for us as 9/11 had been for the Americans, not just because many fewer people had been killed or injured here, but also mainly because we in Britain have much longer experience of terrorist attacks (anarchists, the IRA, etc.) than the Americans. I might have added, if time had permitted, that we are probably a good deal more phlegmatic about such things than the majority of Americans appear to be, although whether that is a compliment or a criticism of us (or them) is moot. According to an interesting article in the week-end issue of the Financial Times (11-12 March 06) by Edward Luce, — In some respects the Democrats are now as guilty of stoking fears on national security as the Republicans. Their logic is impeccable. A majority of Americans believe there will be another large terrorist attack on American soil. Such is the depth of anxiety that one-fifth or more of Americans believe they will personally be victims of a future terrorist attack. This number has not budged in the last four and a half years. It would be interesting to know the corresponding figures for Britain. "one-fifth or more of Americans believe they will personally be victims of a future terrorist attack" Blimey. Is it something in the water over there? "A poll conducted by Time/CNN on the estate tax issue in 2000 revealed that 39 per cent of Americans believe that they are either in the wealthiest 1 per cent or will be there ‘soon’." (quote from David Runciman, cited back here) I guess it’s not so surprising – the unofficial national motto is "It could be you". Depressing, though. Next story Peerages: a job, not an honour Previous story Tessa and the tax avoidance man	cc/2019-30/en_head_0049.json.gz/line13283
__label__wiki	0.816613	0.816613	Thorne Moore Fiction \| Mysteries & Thrillers Thorne grew up in Luton, near London, but has lived in Pembrokeshire in West Wales for the last 35 years. She writes psychological crime, or domestic noir, with an historical twist, focusing on the cause and consequences of crimes rather than on the details of the crimes themselves. "A Time For Silence," set in Pembrokeshire, was published by Honno in 2012. It was followed by "Motherlove" and "The Unravelling," set partly in a fictional version of Luton. "Shadows, published by Endeavour in 2017, is set in an old house in Pembrokeshire, and is paired with "Long Shadows," which explained the history and mysteries of the same house from Medieval times to the late Victorian period. A Time for Silence By: Thorne Moore Narrated by: Emma Gregory When Sarah, struggling to get over tragedy, stumbles across her grandparents' ruined farm, it feels as if the house has been waiting for her.... By Donna on 05-20-19 Kate Lawrence can sense the shadow of violent death. In her struggle to cope with her unwelcome gift, she has frozen people out of her life. Her marriage is on the rocks, her career in chaos. So she decides to start again, joining her cousin Sylvia and partner Michael in their mission.... Mason Cross Gillian McAllister Mel Sherratt Sarah Simpson Sam Carrington	cc/2019-30/en_head_0049.json.gz/line13290
__label__cc	0.661418	0.338582	Shootout at Murfreesboro NASHVILLE, Tenn. - - The Belmont Bruins men's tennis team will close out the month of September by competing at the MTSU Short/LaLance Shootout from tomorrow, September 28, to Sunday, September 30 in Murfreesboro, Tennessee. The majority of the Bruins have not played a at all this season. Of the guys that are playing this week, only Jake Briggs competed in the Commodore Scramble, so this will be a good opportunity for the team to improve in singles play. Jake Briggs, Grant Kelly, Dawson Blankinship, and David Faulkner will be the ones competing in the shootout. Sophomore Jake Briggs was the only one who competed at the Commodore Scramble two weeks ago will be looking to build off of his success at the tournament, as he finished second in his draw of the tournament. He finished with a record of 3-1 at the scramble while only loosing the final match. Sophomore David Faulkner will be looking for as many opportunities as he can to improve on a good freshman year season. In the 2018 spring season, he claimed 11 wins while going 3-1 in OVC play and 4-0 in OVC doubles play. Sophomore Grant Kelly will also be looking forward to competing for the first time in the fall season. Last year he finished 6-3 for his freshman campaign. Sophomore Dawson Blankinship will be getting his first taste of Belmont tennis, as this will be his first competitive match with the Bruins. The main goal for this event will be to get as much experience as possible for the players to compete in competitive matches as the Bruins prepare for the spring season, and it will be very exciting to see what these young guys can do. The event will begin at 10:00 a.m. on Friday at the Adams Tennis Complex in Murfreesboro, Tenn.	cc/2019-30/en_head_0049.json.gz/line13292
__label__wiki	0.930826	0.930826	Derbyshire stabbing victim sees horror video of the moment he suffered a terrifying attack Pictured is Mark Hill, 38, of Princess Street, Brimington, Chesterfield, who has been jailed for six years and eight months after admitting causing grievous bodily harm, shoplifting and breaching a suspended sentence. A stabbing victim watched horrific CCTV footage in court of the moment he was subjected to a terrifying attack while sat in a car. The 26 year-old Derbyshire man watched the CCTV of him being stabbed twice in the Asda car park, on Sheffield Road, at Whittington Moor, Chesterfield, as the footage was presented during a Derby Crown Court hearing on Friday, October 19. Pictured is Derby Crown Court. Footage showed defendant Mark Hill, 38, of Princess Street, at Brimington, Chesterfield, run up to the car, punch the man in a passenger seat and lunge at him with a knife. Hill was seen fleeing the scene on the footage before his victim was helped and slumped onto the ground. The hearing was told how the victim suffered a puncture to his stomach wall from a knife wound to the abdomen and he was in intensive care for six days. Judge Shaun Smith QC, who jailed Hill for six years and eight months, said: “Many die from a single blow from a knife. Knives are ruining many young people’s lives on a regular basis. “What happened on that night was dreadful for the victim and his family. He went out that night with his mates for a night out and they came across you. “Words were exchanged and that was the catalyst. “There is no excuse for what you did and what the victim experienced when he was sat in that car will stay with him for a very long time. “He made no threat, there was no provocation, he was just sat in the car waiting for his friend to come out of the supermarket. “You ran up and punched him once and stabbed him twice then ran off.” Sarah Slater, prosecuting, said the stabbing happened at around 7.30pm on July 5. She added the victim was out with friends and as they left a pub to buy cigarettes at the nearby supermarket “words were exchanged” with Hill who was stood outside with his girlfriend. Miss Slater said: “As the victim was sat in the passenger seat of the car the defendant is captured on CCTV running up to open window, punching him once and then stabbing him twice while he is sat there before fleeing.” Hill pleaded guilty to wounding with intent to commit grievous bodily harm, shoplifting and breaching a suspended prison sentence. Defence barrister Andrew Vout said Hill has been a heroin addict since the age of 19 and he had the knife with him to cut security tags from stolen shop goods. Mr Vout said: “Words have been exchanged a minute or two before the incident and this was the result. He’s lost his temper but why he uses a weapon is beyond anyone. “He is sorry. This would never have happened if he had not been intoxicated. Words were spoken and he saw red.”	cc/2019-30/en_head_0049.json.gz/line13293
__label__cc	0.639418	0.360582	Leaked report details how DHS used false data to justify surveillance of Muslims A recent draft report from the Department of Homeland Security called for the discriminatory surveillance of Sunni Muslims in the United States. The report originated in U.S. Customs and Border Protection’s Office of Intelligence and was obtained and published by Foreign Policy magazine. It “examines 29 perpetrators of 25 terrorist incidents in the United States” that CBP “assesses were driven by radical Sunni Islamist militancy.” It concludes, based on the “common demographics” of those in the study, that the government should “continuously evaluate” those with similar characteristics in order to identify “individuals who might have a higher risk of becoming radicalized.” A CBP spokesperson stated that the report was an initial draft and has since been revised. The report is nonetheless alarming. First, let’s dispense with the euphemisms: When CBP calls for “vetting,” “recurrent screening,” and “on-going evaluations,” it is talking about long-term surveillance. And that surveillance would be nakedly discriminatory: The report focuses exclusively on Sunni Muslims in the United States and identifies religion and national origin in the “Middle East, South Asia or Africa” as reasons to “continuously evaluate” those who meet the profile. It also oozes religious animus, referring without evidence or explanation to “the long-term difficulty for some Muslim immigrants to integrate into U.S. society,” and casting particular suspicion on “Muslim converts.” Because this bias is baked into the report, its conclusions are nonsensical from a scientific standpoint. It analyzes only incidents involving what it calls “radical Sunni Islamist militancy” — ignoring other significant drivers of attacks, like violent right-wing extremism. It then concludes that those with characteristics similar to the 29 perpetrators should be surveilled. And even using this absurdly limited data set, the report still can’t identify meaningful trends or commonalities, leaving only what the attackers in the analysis shared: their Sunni Muslim identity. In other words, the report assumes its own conclusion, that Sunni Muslims, by virtue of their religion, should be subject to heightened surveillance. That’s the empirical equivalent of a dog chasing its own tail. The premise of the report is also deeply flawed. DHS thinks it can identify people on a “path to radicalization” by scrutinizing their beliefs, speech, or backgrounds. But studies have debunked that theory. Despite decades of research, no reliable indicators can be used to predict who will commit a terrorist act. So the thinking underlying this report would lead the government to waste time and money surveilling and scrutinizing vast populations of innocent people because of who they are or where they come from. The disclosure of this draft DHS report follows closely on the release of another deeply misleading report DHS issued with the Department of Justice, which inaccurately claims immigrants and foreign-born individuals are responsible for most terrorist attacks, and concludes that immigration must be restricted as a matter of national security. That report overlooked attacks by white supremacist groups, includes data from attacks that occurred overseas, and counts suspects who were extradited to the United States as “immigrants” for the purpose of its obviously political agenda. Reports such as these are also serving as grist for “extreme vetting” — a set of dangerous and discriminatory initiatives propped up by cherry-picked information used to justify them. While details about these extreme vetting measures are still emerging, it is clear that they employ widespread social media and internet surveillance to flag people for deportation, border searches, or visa denials. The White House announced the consolidation of these programs on Monday with the creation of the “National Vetting Center.” The draft DHS report disclosed this week reflects “intelligence analysis” at its worst: misinformed, misleading, and infected with bias. It is yet another symptom of the anti-Muslim bigotry coursing through the Trump administration, and it should be recognized for what it is: complete trash. ACUL Originally published as Leaked DHS Report Uses Junk Science to Argue for Surveillance of Muslims PreviousMehreen Amjad: Taking the hijab to the global market NextIntegrating Islam into the Wisconsin Workplace First day of Ramadan is Monday, May 6th Muslim Gatekeepers Look After Synagogue Marquette professor pushes scholars to educate against Islamophobia in the Age of Trump	cc/2019-30/en_head_0049.json.gz/line13298
__label__cc	0.670006	0.329994	7 “Creep Factors” of Online Behavioral Advertising by Slade Cutter \| Feb 2, 2015 \| Technology The flood of news stories on the data-collection and online behavioral advertising (“OBA”) practices of search engines, mobile apps, brand advertisers, and social networks is giving many people a distinct feeling: “the creeps.” Whether the stories are about concerns over Facebook going public, Google bypassing default browser settings, or Target figuring out a man’s daughter is pregnant before he does, the natural reaction is to picture the companies’ employees as shadowy, green-eyed peepers crouching in the darkness. I’m sure they’re just regular folks, but the image is inescapable. The curious thing is that, aside from a general sense of creepiness, identifying the direct “harm” caused by OBA can be elusive. Courts struggle with this issue in many privacy lawsuits. Plaintiffs often fail because they can’t show legally cognizable harm. For their part, regulators are clearly unsettled by OBA, but even after getting comments from dozens of interested parties for a 2009 report, the FTC was unable to articulate whether or how OBA directly harmed consumers. Academics have done interesting research on the pros and cons of OBA, but the research has not yet translated into any consensus on acceptable practices. Consequently, industry leaders, privacy advocates, and regulators have not established normative rules based on the harm caused by different forms of OBA. Instead, they have focused on creating a comprehensive “notice and choice” regime. Under this regime, consumers are meant to see how their data is used and choose whether they want to allow such use. This is great, assuming companies participate, but it ignores a critical real-world problem. When it comes to OBA, most consumers are disadvantaged by what experts call “knowledge asymmetry.” In other words, even if companies tell consumers exactly what data they’re collecting and how they’re using it, most people don’t have the expertise to understand the full implications. This reality challenges the notion of “informed consent” and suggests that “notice and choice” are not enough. But in the absence of concrete harm, how do we distinguish OBA practices that are benign from those that are unacceptably intrusive? Unfortunately, public uproar over the latest privacy outrage tends to blur these distinctions. There are, however, at least seven factors that stand out as significant “creepiness” indicators. OBA that scores high on any of these factors should be scrutinized carefully and, at a minimum, industry leaders should consider establishing guidelines that discourage such practices. Creep Factor No. 1: Linking Behavioral Data with Unique Identifiers One of the most powerful ways to deliver targeted ads to consumers is to assign a unique identifier to individuals and track their online behavior across multiple sites, platforms, and apps. However, as Apple found with the outcry over its use of UDIDs (Unique Device Identifiers), this is also one of the practices consumers find most disturbing. Although Apple is eliminating the use of UDIDs from its development platform, app developers (and their marketing executives) are pushing hard to find alternatives. Some mobile marketing companies advocate the use of MAC addresses in lieu of UDIDs. Others have proposed an open source UDID alternative. Setting aside security concerns associated with some of the UDID alternatives (MAC addresses? Really?), the problem with these alternatives is they aren’t really any less creepy than the technology they seek to replace. Creep Factor No. 2: Detail and Scope of Data Collection Most people have some tolerance for “being watched.” After all, we’re social creatures, and we understand that, at some level, others will observe what we do and try to gain advantages from what they learn. But there’s a point at which data collection can make consumers feel like they’re trapped in a kind of Orwellian Panopticon. For example, if a data collection practice is both broad (i.e., relating to behavior in multiple contexts, like emailing, texting, web browsing, and voice calling) and granular (i.e., capturing details of the behavior, as in keystroke-logging), expect a sharp rise in the sale of tin-foil hats because consumers will do anything to avoid this kind of practice. Just ask companies like Phorm and NebuAd, who partnered with ISPs a couple of years ago to use deep-packet inspection technology to deliver targeted ads to users. If you want to know how that story ends, you can read all about it in the transcripts of the congressional hearing. Fun to read; not so fun to be there in person. Creep Factor No. 3: OBA Based on “Negative” Assumptions It’s hard to envision how regulators would address this Creep Factor because of its inherent subjectivity, but it’s still relevant. OBA is all about making assumptions based on known features of the consumer. However, these assumptions can have negative, positive, or neutral connotations. If the underlying assumptions are negative, consumers will likely find this intrusive. For example, if I’m a marathon runner, I’m perfectly fine getting targeted ads promoting the latest workout app. If I’m a pudgy couch potato…not so much. (I’m actually a 42-year old attorney who spends most of his day sitting in front of a computer monitor, so you can guess which scenario I identify with.) Consumers are much more likely to find OBA based on negative assumptions (e.g., you’re fat and need to workout) intrusive, not to mention tacky. Creep Factor No. 4: Sensitivity of Data There’s a reason the ancient penalty for peeping Toms was gouging out their eyes. Some data is so sensitive that, even if it’s anonymized, consumers will not tolerate its collection and use. For a notably creepy example, read the Wall Street Journal’s reporting on Neilson Co.’s practice of scraping a private online forum for discussion threads from people suffering from emotional disorders. Neilson was monitoring what consumers were saying about various pharmaceutical products on the forum. The information Neilson collected wasn’t tied to individuals and wasn’t used for direct marketing purposes. But when the story broke, you could almost hear consumers sharpening their stakes. Creep Factor No. 5: Impact on Operability This is one Creep Factor that courts view as a legally cognizable harm. If data collection and tracking technology significantly impacts the operability of users’ computers or mobile devices, as in the case of spyware, adware, and malware, the sense of intrusion can be overwhelming. Consumers will run, not walk, away from these kinds of practices. Creep Factor No. 6: Ease of Opting Out I just can’t help but use a tracking technology with the word “zombie” in it to illustrate one of the Creep Factors. And so-called “zombie cookies” warrant the attention. Zombie cookies are HTTP cookies that are automatically recreated (I prefer the word “respawned”—much creepier) after users attempt to delete them. This technology can make it virtually impossible for users to opt out of being tracked. Any company using zombie cookies to collect or monetize sensitive information is about as wholesome as John Hinckley, Jr. Creep Factor No. 7: Lack of Notice While the finer points of “layered” and “enhanced” notice are better left for discussion elsewhere, it’s safe to say that any OBA data-collection practice conducted with absolutely no consumer notice is seriously creepy. A good example of this is a practice called “device fingerprinting.” Device fingerprinting creates a unique identifier for computers, cell phones, and other devices based on a combination of externally observable characteristics like installed font styles, clock settings, TCP/IP configuration, etc. In addition to being problematic because it creates a persistent, unique identifier (see “Creep Factor No. 1”), device fingerprinting also raises red flags because it takes place with no consumer notice. This information is collected “passively,” and in most instances users can’t even detect that it’s happening. There are undoubtedly many other “Creep Factors,” but I’ve tried to identify the worst. The point is that not all data collection and OBA poses the same threat to consumers’ sense of personal privacy. By identifying specific practices likely to be viewed as intrusive, industry leaders, trade organizations, and regulatory bodies may find it easier to determine the level of notice required, or whether some practices should be prohibited outright. These criteria may also be useful for companies developing OBA and tracking technologies who want to build sustainable businesses. After all, nobody likes a creep. Wittliff Cutter Partner Karen Vladeck Appointed to Board of Code2College December 6, 2018 Partner María Amelia Calaf files an amicus brief in the Federal Circuit Court of Appeals May 22, 2018 Partners María Amelia Calaf and Ryan Botkin and Jennifer Hopgood of the Office of the Texas Attorney General Author Anti-SLAPP Paper May 21, 2018	cc/2019-30/en_head_0049.json.gz/line13299
__label__wiki	0.91606	0.91606	11th Armoured Division (United Kingdom) 11th Armoured Division Insigna of the division Second World War, 1952–56 Armoured 14,964 men[1]343 tanks[nb 1][nb 2] Operation Market Garden Battle of the Bulge Operation Varsity 25 June–2 July 1944 The Odon[3]18–23 July 1944 Bourguébus Ridge[3] 30 July–9 August 1944 Mont Pinçon[3] 17–27 September 1944 The Nederrijn[3] 8 February–10 March 1945 The Rhineland[3] Percy Hobart Charles Keightley George Roberts The 11th Armoured Division, known as The Black Bull, was a British Army division formed in 1941 during the Second World War. The Division was formed in response to the unanticipated success of German panzer divisions. It was responsible for several major victories in Normandy after D-Day, and it participated in the rapid advance across France, Belgium, and the Netherlands and the Rhine crossing. The Division was disbanded in January 1946 and reformed towards the end of 1950. In 1956, it was converted into the 4th Infantry Division. [hide] *1 History 2 Normandy 2.1 Operation Epsom 2.2 Operation Goodwood 2.3 Operation Bluecoat 3 Belgium and The Netherlands 3.1 Market Garden 4 From The Ardennes to the Rhine 5 The Rhineland 6.1 Last Attack 7 General Officer Commanding 8 Component Units In Poland and western Europe in 1939 and 1940, the German armoured formations demonstrated what some observers felt were dramatically improved new tactics, leaving the Allied forces with a perceived need to address these developments. The continued evolution of the Royal Armoured Corps was the British answer. The Division was organized in March 1941, in Yorkshire under Major General Percy Hobart. A veteran of the Royal Tank Corps, he had already strongly influenced the shape of the 7th Armoured Division, but his original and innovative ideas had led to his retirement from the army.[4] Reinstated after the disasters of 1940, he further realised his vision with the 11th Armoured. Under his leadership the Division adopted the “Charging Bull” as its emblem. From 1942 to 1944 it conducted intensive training while gradually receiving new, more modern equipment.[5] In July 1944, after the Allied invasion of Normandy, the British 11th Armoured Division participated in Operations Epsom and Goodwood. It also participated in the drive to Amiens, the fastest and deepest penetration into enemy territory ever made at that time. On 4 September, the Division captured the city of Antwerp. Soon thereafter, the Division pushed forward into the German-occupied Netherlands. In March 1945, it crossed the river Rhine and captured the German city of Lübeck on 2 May 1945. It occupied the Bergen-Belsen concentration camp on 15 April 1945. When the Division entered the camp, more than 60,000 emaciated prisoners were found in desperate need of medical attention. More than 13,000 corpses in various stages of decomposition lay scattered around the area. Units of the Division and its higher formations were detached to oversee the cleanup of the camp. From the end of the war in Europe (8 May 1945), the Division controlled the province of Schleswig Holstein until it was disbanded in January 1946. The 11th Armoured Division was reformed in the autumn of 1950, but was converted into the 4th Infantry Division in 1956. Normandy Edit The Division landed on Juno Beach on 13 June 1944 (D+7). It was deployed in all major operations of the British Second Army, including Operations Epsom, Goodwood, and Bluecoat, and the battles around the Falaise Gap. Operation Epsom Edit [2][3]An ammunition carrier of the 11th Armoured Division explodes after being hit by a mortar round during Operation Epsom on 26 June 1944The 11th Armoured Division, as part of the British VIII Corps, was committed to action on 26 June as part of Operation Epsom. It entered the Scottish 'corridor', opened beforehand by the 15th (Scottish) Division. Despite mistakes in navigation, which slowed down the 159th Infantry Brigade in Mouen, the 11th managed to seize the bridges at Grainville and Colleville. It then progressed southward to Hill 112 (a dominant feature in the Normandy battlefield near the village of Baron) and succeeded in capturing and holding this high ground against increasingly intense German counter-attacks. However, a renewed attack by fresh SS-Panzerdivisions transformed what was intended as a breakthrough into a battle for position. On 30 June, General Miles Dempsey, commanding the Second Army, fearing a general counter-offensive, ordered the 11th Armoured to withdraw from Hill 112. Operation Epsom was considered a failure[citation needed], but it did force the German army to abandon its offensive plans. Operation Goodwood Edit The 11th Armoured was then moved to the east of Caen to spearhead Operation Goodwood. Planning and execution errors, coupled with strong German defences, led to a tactical British defeat. Operation Goodwood was cancelled on 20 July, with the 11th Armoured being withdrawn from the front line to rest and refit. In only two days of fighting, it had lost 200 tanks[citation needed], representing more than half of its complement[citation needed]. The subsequent reorganization saw the 23rd Hussars absorb the remainder of the 24th Lancers (the 8th Armoured Brigade). Operation Bluecoat Edit The 11th Armoured was directed again to the west, to take part in Operation Bluecoat. Beginning on 30 July, it seized Martin-Saint-des-Besaces. The Division spotted an intact bridge on the Souleuvre river, which enabled it to drive the Germans back. In what became the famous “Charge of the Bull,” the division liberated Le Bény-Bocage on 1 August and quickly progressed southward. Although severely weakened at that time, the German army remained ever-present and dangerous. From 5 August, The 11th Armoured worked with the Guards Armoured Division and 15th (Scottish) Division to push back a counter-attack of the 9th SS Panzer Division. [4][5]Challenger tank of 2nd Northamptonshire Yeomanry, 11th Armoured Division, passing through Flers on 17th August 1944After being replaced by the 3rd Infantry Division, the 11th Armoured was attached to XXX Corps. It progressed eastward hard on the heels of the Germans, who were retreating after the failure of the Mortain counteroffensive. The 11th Armoured seized Flers on 17 August, then moved toward Putanges. From 19 August, it pushed the Germans back north of Argentan and captured the commander of the German 276th Infantry Division and more than 900 other prisoners. Once the fight for the Falaise gap was over, the 11th Armoured liberated L'Aigle on 23 August and crossed the Seine on 28 August. == Belgium and The Netherlands== After a night move, and an unprecedented advance of 60 miles in one day, the Division liberated Amiens on 1 September. The same day, it captured General Eberbach, commander of the 7th Army (Wehrmacht). Advancing to Lens, then Tournai, the Division was then committed to the fight for Antwerp, which it liberated on 4 September. Two days later, it tried to establish a bridgehead over the Albert Canal, but the attempt failed due to intense enemy fire. After this failure, 11th Armoured had to cross much further to the east, at Beringen. It advanced then to Helchteren, Peer, Bree, and cleared the area between the Albert Canal and the Maas up to 12 September. The Division was then rested for a week. Market Garden Edit [6][7]M4 Shermans of the 23rd Hussars advance through Deurne, 26 September 1944. Note the "Charging Bull" on the first tank's front hull (third marking from the left), the division's emblem.11th Armoured was not directly committed to Operation Market Garden. Instead, it was tasked with securing the right flank of the operation. Attached to XIII Corps, it began moving on 18 September. Advancing in two columns, it managed to reach the US 101st Airborne Division at Nuenen, while on the 22nd its engineers established a bridge over the Willemsvaart canal. The Division could then make an encircling move around Helmond, forcing the Germans to withdraw on 25 September. At the beginning of October, the Division was employed in clearing pockets of German resistance remaining west of the Maas. The operation developed promisingly with 159th Brigade, battling its way across the Deurne canal. Unfortunately, the attack was quickly stopped by obstinate German resistance. Further delay was imposed by the growing supply shortage and the launching of an enemy counter-attack in the south. There was also a skillful German defence which postponed clearing of the Maas for several weeks. During this period the Division came into contact with troops from the United States and the divisional sign was referred to as "the Swell Bison"! Preparations for a new crossing attempt were delayed until the second half of November. On the 22nd, 159th Brigade managed to cross and to seize the village of America. It progressed to Horst, before being relieved by units of the 15th (Scottish) Division. On 30 November, it attacked the fortress of Broekhuizen, which was defended by German parachutists. The enemy inflicted heavy losses, before capitulating on 5 December. The western bank of the Maas was also cleared. From The Ardennes to the Rhine Edit At the beginning of December, units of the 11th Armoured Division were placed in reserve around Ypres. The infantry was to benefit from a longer rest, while tank crews would receive new Comet tanks, a vehicle armed with a powerful 77 mm gun which was capable of engaging German panzers at longer range. The start of the Ardennes offensive, (the Battle of the Bulge) modified British ambitions. Being one of few formations in reserve, the 11th Armoured was urgently recalled to active service with its old tanks and directed to hold a defensive line along the Meuse, between Namur and Givet. On 24 December, its advanced positions spotted and destroyed several tanks of the 2nd Panzer Division, east of Dinant. From 26 December onwards, the Germans started to withdraw and 11th Armoured was replaced by the 6th Airborne Division, after having pushed the enemy back beyond Celles. Only 29th Brigade was retained in support of the Airborne units. It forced the Germans back to La Bure and Wavreille between 3 January and 7 January. From the 9th on, it reached Grupont, before being finally directed the following day to Ypres for rest, refit and training activities. The Rhineland Edit On 17 February 1945 the 159th brigade was recalled to the front, to add its weight to the Allied forces committed in the Rhineland. The infantry of the 11th Armoured received orders to seize Gochfortzberg, south of Üdem, then to break the Schlieffen line and capture Sonsbeck, in order to support the II Canadian Corps which progressed towards Hochwald from the north. The brigade attack started on 26 February. Under challenging conditions, Gochfortzberg was seized on 28 February, Sonsbeck on 3 March. Germany Edit The 11th Armoured was held in reserve until 28 March, when it crossed the Rhine at Wesel, heading for the river Weser. Despite sporadic pockets of resistance, it reached Gescher on the evening of 30 March. 3rd RTR arrived at the river Ems in Emsdetten; they then reached the Dortmund-Ems canal the following day. After crossing the canal on 1 April, the 11th Armoured approached Ibbenburen and was heavily engaged on the Teutoburger Wald heights. The villages of Brochterbeck & Tecklenberg were captured, albeit at a high price. Further east, the wooded hills were defended by companies of NCOs, who savagely counter-attacked the 3rd Monmouthshires. Later, the intervention of the 131st Infantry Brigade (7th Armoured Division) made it possible to overcome their opposition, but 3rd Monmouthshire, already weakened during previous campaigns, had to be replaced by 1st Cheshires. Divisional units continued toward the Osnabrück canal. After crossing via a captured bridge, it moved towards the Weser, reached by leading elements near Stolzenau on 5 April. A week later, the 11th Armoured liberated the concentration camp at Bergen-Belsen. A local agreement with German commanders made it possible to declare the neighbourhood of the camp an open area, and the fighting moved northeast. The Division reached the river Elbe near Lüneburg on 18 April. Last Attack Edit On 30 April, the 11th Armoured Division launched their last attack. It crossed the Elbe at Artlenburg, then against little opposition, occupied Lübeck on 2 May and Neustadt on 3 May (Cap Arcona). It finished the war by patrolling the surrounding countryside, collecting 80,000 prisoners which included 27 Generals. After the German surrender, the Division was used as an occupation force in the Schleswig-Holstein area. On 23 May, units of the division were employed in the capture of members of the Dönitz government in Flensburg. The 11th Armoured Division was disbanded at the end of January 1946. During the campaign in northwestern Europe, it lost 1,820 killed and more than 8,000 wounded. Its rotation in tanks was 300%. General Officer Commanding Edit Commanders included: Appointed General Officer Commanding 9 March 1941 Major-General Percy Hobart[6] 22 February 1942 Brigadier C.H.M. Peto (acting)[6] 21 April 1942 Major-General Charles Keightley[6] 17 May 1942 Major-General Percy Hobart[6] 15 October 1942 Major-General Brocas Burrows[6] 6 December 1943 Major-General George Roberts[6] 1950 Major-General Henry Foote[7] 1953 Major-General Harold Pyman[7] 1955 Major-General John Anderson[7] March 1956 Major-General Reginald Hewetson[7] Component Units Edit (On 6 June 1944) British 29th Armoured Brigade 3rd Royal Tank Regiment 23rd Hussars 2nd Fife and Forfar Yeomanry 8th battalion The Rifle Brigade British 159th Infantry Brigade 4th battalion The King's Shropshire Light Infantry 1st battalion The Herefordshire Regiment 3rd battalion The Monmouthshire Regiment Divisional troops 2nd Northamptonshire Yeomanry 13th (Honourable Artillery Company) Regiment, Royal Horse Artillery 151st (Ayrshire Yeomanry) Field Regiment, Royal Artillery 75th Anti-Tank Regt, Royal Artillery 58th (Argyll and Sutherland Highlanders) Light Anti-Aircraft Regiment, Royal Artillery 15th/19th The King's Royal Hussars ^ 63 light tanks, 205 medium tanks, 24 close support tanks, 25 anti-aircraft tanks, and 8 artillery observation tanks.[2] ^ These two figures are the war establishment, the on-paper strength, of the division for 1944/1945; for information on how the division size changed over the war please see British Army during the Second World War and British Armoured formations of the Second World War. ^ Joslen, p. 129 ^ Joslen, p. 9 ^ a b c d e Joslen, p. 28 ^ Percy Hobart ^ Taurus Pursuant pp 5–8 ^ a b c d e f Joslen, p. 27 ^ a b c d Army Commands Delaforce, Patrick. The Black Bull: From Normandy to the Baltic with the 11th Armoured Division. "E.W.I.P", Edgar W I Palamountain. Taurus Pursuant: A History of 11th Armoured Division. Joslen, Lieutenant-Colonel H.F (1960) [1960]. Orders Of Battle Second World War 1939–1945. Naval & Military Press Ltd. ISBN 978-1-84342-474-1. This article incorporates text from the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum, and has been released under the GFDL. Retrieved from "https://worldwartwo.wikia.org/wiki/11th_Armoured_Division_(United_Kingdom)?oldid=3691"	cc/2019-30/en_head_0049.json.gz/line13302
__label__wiki	0.501073	0.501073	Black Teens Say They Were Denied Jobs at Six Flags Because of Their “Extreme” Hairstyles Keiron Washington and Brandon Kobe Pierce Arlington, TX — Two African-American teens say they were denied jobs at Six Flags because of their hair. Both of them were reportedly told that they could only work at the amusement park if they would cut their hair. Brandon Kobe Pierce, a 16-year old teen who has always worn his hair in a single braid just past his shoulders since childhood, was recently interviewed for a job at Six Flags Over Texas. He was disappointed when the interviewers told him he wouldn’t be allowed to wear his braid, which he already considers a part of his identity. Pierce added that the interviewers said that having long hair in a bun is allowed on women employees, but not on male employees. “If girls are able to pull their hair back and have it long, then guys shouldn’t have to cut their hair,” he told WFAA-TV. Another 17-year old teen, Keiron Washington, said he had the same experience on a job interview at Six Flags. He said the interviewer told him he should cut the shoulder-length dreadlocks that he had been growing for years “because it’s more of an extreme hairstyle.” Washington’s mother, Karis Washington, shared what happened on Facebook. She wrote she called Six Flags Human Resources to ask for a more detailed explanation and an employee answered that “dreads are NOT allowed, but he can have braids. And said they are an extreme hairstyle. She also went on and compared them to tattoos and piercings.” “Why cut his hair for a seasonal job and for $7-$9 an hour? If it was a career, different story,” Karis Washington told NBC DFW. Six Flags released the following statement regarding both incidents: “Six Flags is one of the largest seasonal employers in the country, hiring more than 30,000 team members across 26 parks annually. We maintain a company-wide grooming code that includes standard uniforms for front-line team members and no extreme hairstyles such as drastic variations in hair color, locks or partially shaven heads. We do permit braids, and we also recognize that some team members may request accommodations to our grooming code due to religious, cultural or medical reasons. We work with those team members on a case-by-case basis to address his or her individual needs.”	cc/2019-30/en_head_0049.json.gz/line13305
__label__wiki	0.663554	0.663554	Art by dOminic brown Netherlands based artist dOminic brown. Brown said he is inspired by many different things including ancient ... Interview: The Serendipitous Life of Artist Kierstin C. Young. Kierstin's life began by almost never beginning at all. A car accident occurred while Kierstin’s mother ... A Moment In Life: Murmuration A chance encounter and shared moment with one of natures greatest and most fleeting phenomena. ... M/M Paris Exhibition at Gallery Air de Paris Art as practiced by M/M (Paris) is a cumulative affair, spreading from medium to medium in ... Archive Friday, July 19th 2019 MoMA’s Annual Armory Party to Feature a Live Performance by Borns The Museum of Modern Art will host The Armory Party, a benefit event with live music and DJs celebrating the opening of The Armory Show andArmory Arts Week, on Wednesday, March 7, 2018. Interview: Let Artist Anthony Waichulis Inspire You. Founder of the highly successful Waichulis Studio and Ani Art Academy Waichulis, Anthony has established an international reputation for his Trompe L’oeil paintings. Waichulis’ works are highly prized by knowledgeable collectors worldwide and have been lauded by critics on many occasions. Interview: In the Spotlight – Artist Brandon Drake. Brandon can’t think of a time in his childhood when he wasn’t drawing on some scrap of paper; art has always been a part of his life. His father, a retired illustrator/graphic designer for AT&T and Bell Laboratories, encouraged him to be creative by constantly drawing as well as learning how to utilize computer programs to design. Brandon’s grandmother, who was also artistic, had been a student at the duCret School of Art, the oldest art school in New Jersey. Any time he visited, she had paper, pencils, and crayons at his disposal. After graduating high school in 2008, it was no surprise that he enrolled at duCret. Interview: We Completely Adore the Oil Pastel Work of Artist Brian O’Neill. Brian O’Neill is a Signature Member of The Pastel Society of America and is proficient in a variety of mediums including oil, pastel, acrylic and charcoal. His work has been showcased in galleries across The U.S Canada, Japan and England. O’Neill is most noted for his floral paintings and drawings and has been an avid gardener and nature enthusiast most of his life. Interview: Finishing Touches with Painter Edward Dillon. Edward was always fascinated by and passionate about the act of drawing and painting, Edward has spent the majority of his life pursuing the knowledge and discipline of these time-honored crafts. Fine Art, Illustration, and Graphics were equally appealing to Edward and therefore offered him the opportunity to absorb a vast spectrum of influences and disciplines. Interview: The Powerful Darkness of Jason Brady’s Charcoal Drawings. Jason was inspired by his uncle, Joe Brady, to become an artist. He began training in classical Russian academic drawing and painting with Vyacheslav Shevchenko in 2008. In 2012 Anthony Waichulis accepted him as an apprentice of Ani Art Academy. Jason’s charcoal drawings are muddled glimpses into his convoluted reality. Interview: Check Out the Raw Talent of Joe Dillon. Joe has been drawing inspiration and appreciation from many forms of art his entire life. With a respect for the tradition of storytelling, he continues his journey at the Ani Art Academy Waichulis Studio learning the ways of the form to become an artist like his forefathers. Kierstin’s life began by almost never beginning at all. A car accident occurred while Kierstin’s mother was pregnant with her. The doctors advised against continuing the pregnancy for fear that Kierstin would be born without limbs or even blind. Her parents decided against it, and Kierstin was born a healthy child. This story was relayed to her as a child as a reminder of how serendipitous her life was. Interview Artist Rodney Davis Opens Up. Rodney moved to New York City to pursue his dream of studying Representational art. He was accepted in to the prestigious Water Street Atelier program were he began training and honing his draftsmen skills. Throughout his continued experience with the arts community, Rodney discovered the works of Anthony Waichulis and his apprentices. Rodney eventually enrolled at the Ani Art Academy Waichulis apprenticeship program and is progressing wonderfully. Interview: Stephen Yavorski on Fine Tuning his Voice as an Artist. Stephen is a graduate of duCret School of Art and is currently an apprentice at Ani Art Academies Waichulis. Stephen’s work has been featured in several exhibitions including venues such as Swain Galleries, The Salmagundi Club, The Ice House Gallery in Monmouth University and Misericordia University. His has received many accolades most notably a Scholarship Award from the American Artist’s Professional League. Interview: Fabulous Oil Painter Timothy Jahn Dazzles. We’re living in this interesting moment when representational art is more acceptable.” Timothy Jahn’s 2012 comment about contemporary painting reflects his optimism about the art historical tradition which forms the foundation of his own work. The MoMA Acquires an Original Condition 1968 Fiat 500 The Museum of Modern Art has acquired an original model of the Fiat 500F “Berlina,” commonly referred to as the Cinquecento. The most popular version of the 500—which was in production from 1965 through 1972 MoMA’s 2016 Party in the Garden The Museum of Modern Art’s Party in the Garden, a benefit event on June 1, will honor collection artists Huma Bhabha, Mark Bradford, and Brice Marden, along with philanthropists Amanda and Glenn Fuhrman and Sally and Wynn Kramarsky. Wintergatan – Marble Machine, A Music Instrument using 2000 Marbles Marble Machine built and composed by Martin Molin, filmed and edited by Hannes Knutsson The Barnes Foundation Announces Free Weekday Admission for Students Barnes Foundation announced that the Barnes will offer free general admission on weekdays to all students. This expanded access was made possible by a $1 Million Match Opportunity, provided by an anonymous donor, which matches funds raised through increases in annual memberships and new memberships to the Barnes. Twin Limb’s Anything Is Possible and Nothing Makes Sense Twin Limb are type of nouveau Americana, enlisting all the roots-y singing and strings their part of the world has been known for since its inception, but stacking all the types of production tricks we’ve learned over the decades, bringing us to 2015. Come Wind Debut Handwritten Lyric Video for “Found” The indie rock quintet Come Wind has debuted another track today from their upcoming full-length album Move in Place. Metropolitan Museum’s Costume Institute Opens “Jacqueline de Ribes: The Art of Style” The Costume Institute’s Fall 2015 exhibition, Jacqueline de Ribes: The Art of Style, will focus on the internationally renowned style icon Countess Jacqueline de Ribes, whose originality and elegance established her as one of the most celebrated fashion personas of the 20th century. Garis & Hahn Presents: Solo Shows for Christopher Winter and Jason Alexander Byers Garis & Hahn will present the gallery’s first solo exhibition of Berlin based artist, Christopher Winter. Virtual Being will debut 14 new works including mixed media paintings and one sculpture from the artist’s “Speculative Realism” series that raises questions of alternate dimensions and the nature of reality. Artist Peter Hristoff in Innovative Residency at Metropolitan Museum From November 2015 through June 2016, the visual artist and educator Peter Hristoff—a 2015-16 artist in residence at The Metropolitan Museum of Art—will engage with Museum visitors in a series of creative, multi-faceted public programs that demonstrate the vibrancy, diversity, and beauty of contemporary Islamic culture within the context of the Met’s collection. “Sincerely, LA” – a Film Presented by HUGO Boss, Directed by Ivan Olita The film was made as a spontaneous declaration of love for the city of Los Angeles and its recent Renaissance. It starts with the narrative pretext of a storyline conceived around the idea of someone sending a letter from LA and it progresses into a more kaleidoscopic stream of consciousness of two young men living, working and dreaming in LA. Elephant Stone – The Devil’s Shelter featuring Alex Maas Directed by Elba Berganza, “The Devil’s Shelter” features guest vocals by Alex Maas of The Black Angels. Cornelia Parker Named Artist for the Met Museum’s 2016 Roof Garden Commission British artist Cornelia Parker has been selected to create a site-specific installation atop the Met’s Iris and B. Gerald Cantor Roof Garden. The installation will be on view from May through October 2016, and will be the fourth in a series of site-specific commissions for the outdoor space. Edgar Degas: A Strange New Beauty A major exhibition focusing on Hilaire-Germain-Edgar Degas’s (1834–1917) extraordinary and rarely seen monotypes and their impact on his wider practice, on view March 26 through July 24, 2016. Soldier, Spectre, Shaman: The Figure and the Second World War The years surrounding World War II posed a creative and existential crisis, as artists struggled to respond to human, social, and cultural conditions in the wake of the horrors of combat, images of concentration camps, and the aftermath of the atomic bomb.	cc/2019-30/en_head_0049.json.gz/line13307

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