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Mormon missionaries -- Malta
Subject Source: Unspecified ingested source
Autobiography of Elder James Ferguson Bell, including a history of the Malta Mission
Item — Folder 1: [Barcode: 31197231009629]
Scope and Contents Typescript copy of the original autobiography by Bell, describing his life between April 1827 to March 1855. The document also contains information about the work of Bell during his presidency in the Malta Mission from 1853 to 1855. Original document was written in Pitman shorthand. The transcription is dated November 1998.
Found in: L. Tom Perry Special Collections / Autobiography of Elder James Ferguson Bell, including a history of the Malta Mission
JoAn Borg Bitton papers
Content Description Contains materials which pertain to the life of JoAn Borg Bitton and her mission for The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints in the Italy Catania Mission, and in particular, Island of Malta. Materials include a variety of printed materials such as newspapers, periodicals, maps, family records, and articles; containing information collected by Bitton about Malta and the history of LDS missionary work on the island, as well as written and email correspondence with family members and LDS...
Found in: L. Tom Perry Special Collections / JoAn Borg Bitton papers
JoAn Borg Bitton correspondence on Malta mission, 1912-2010
Series — Carton 1: Series 1; Series 2; Series 3 [Barcode: 31197239245092], Folder: 1-32
Identifier: MSS 8828 Series 1
Content Description Contains materials pertaining to JoAn Bitton's missionary service and the history of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints in Malta. Includes correspondence between those involved with the missionary work and progress of the Latter-day Saints in Malta. Also included is a range of personal correspondence and documents concerning JoAn Bitton's service as a missionary to Chile, genealogy work, and letters between JoAn and Davis Bitton. Materials dated 1977-2010.
Found in: L. Tom Perry Special Collections / MSS 8828, JoAn Borg Bitton papers
JoAn Borg Bitton multimedia on Malta mission, 1940-1997
Series — Multiple Containers
Content Description Contains multimedia materials related to JoAn Borg Bitton's mission to Malta as well as the history of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints in Malta. The documents pertain to Malta, Italy, and some other parts of Europe. Includes photographic slides from Davis Bitton's mission to France, 1950-1953. Materials dated approximately 1940-1997.
JoAn Borg Bitton printed materials on Malta mission, 1927-2005, bulk: 1962-2005
Series — Carton 1: Series 1; Series 2; Series 3 [Barcode: 31197239245092], Folder: 33-76
Content Description Contains printed materials related to the missionary work in Malta as well as the history of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints in Malta. The documents pertain to Malta, Italy, some other parts of Europe, and Utah. It covers the subjects of Malta's history, missionary work, history and progress of the church in Malta, the Bitton's Temple Square mission, and JoAn and Davis Bitton. Materials dated 1927-2005.
More about 'Mormon missionaries -- Malta'
Mormon missionaries
Archival Record 3
Bitton, JoAn Borg, 1937- 4
Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. Italy Catania Mission 4
Bell, James Ferguson, 1827-1855 1
Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints 1
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Team:METU Turkey Software
Fsyauqy (Talk | contribs)
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As Synthetic Biology field is on the rise, iGEM also grows up and number of parts in parts registry increase with submission of more complex constructs each year. Our first milestone was to perform more efficient standardization on parts entry due to facing some difficulty while running our algorithms on the parts registry. We also used Software Requirements Specification, Software Design Description and Quality Plan approaches to define requirements for each part and building blocks, risks and design art elements of the designed software program.
Next, we have used graph theoretic modeling to visualize relations between parts and to standardize representation of the parts as much as possible. It will help us when we try to find input-output relations between either biobrick parts or constructs. By this way, our program BIOGUIDE will act as a guide for searhing biobricks and will provide alternative pathway choices to users for construction of the most reliable devices with respect to given inputs and expected outputs.
METU Turkey Software is an interdisciplinary team of 8 students and 3 advisors from various backgrounds such as Molecular Biology, Bioinformatics, Computer Engineering and Computer Education and Instructional Technology. We have put our knowledge and experience in our fields together to bring a much needed solution to a daily problem in field of synthetic biology for iGEM 2010
Tolga Can
Tolga Can received his PhD in Computer Science at the University of California at Santa Barbara in 2004. He is currently an Assistant Professor of the Department of Computer Engineering, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey. His main research interests are in bioinformatics, especially prediction and analysis of protein-protein interaction networks, and statistical methods such as graphical models and kernel methods.
Yeşim Aydın-Son
Yeşim, has received her M.D in 1999 from HÜTF, Ankara and completed her Ph.D at University of TN, Knoxville on Genome Science and Technology in 2006. After working as a research fellow at City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte,CA , she has recently accepted her current position at METU Informatics Institute as an Assistant Professor of Medical Informatics. She is also the acting coordinator of the Bioinformatics Graduate Program in METU. Main focus of her research is Genomic Biomarker discovery and applications of biomarker research in Personalized Medicine . Her research group is working on building a new integrated application for genome wide association of SNP biomarkers and discovery of genes and pathways related to diseases, where SNP genotyping data from both microarray and next generation sequencing experiments can be analyzed in all-in-one step.
Ömer Nebil Yaveroğlu
Ömer Nebil Yaveroğlu is currently a PhD Student in Imperial College, London. He has worked as a teaching assistant between 2008 – 2010 in the Computer Engineering Department of Middle East Turkey. Throughout his MSc studies, he tried to understand the orthological similarities between the protein interaction networks of different species using graph theory. He helped the group as an advisor in the computing related discussions
Burak Yılmaz
I am a recent graduate of METU Molecular Biology and Genetics department and now studying towards my masters degree on Molecular Bioengineering at METU. My interest in synthetic biology did start during my undergraduate years and after graduation I started up the Sentegen company which is the first biotechnology based company focused on synthetic biology in Turkey. I continue my research and training in synthetic biology while also contributing to the development of the field in my country. We need new scientific revolutions to solve huge problems of life and emerging field of synthetic biology is best candidate for biotechnological revolution. I am interested in synthetic biology applications, along with Lab-on-a-Chip devices for molecular biology techniques, and we are designing gene synthesis chips to produce biobricks - raw materials of synthetic garage biology- faster and cheaper. I enjoy snowboarding, cycling and write poems.
Muhammed Akif Ağca
Cihan Taştan
2010 is the last year for me as B.S degree at Molecular Biology and Genetics department. Moreover, I am studying at Computer Engineering as my minor department. My research will be on Scientist position at Cancer and Virology Relationship (Let's say Viral Oncology) by integrating novel technices of Bioinformatics and Synthetic Biology approaches. This is my second year at iGEM.
Hassan Salehe Matar
Ascended up the hills of Kilimanjaro, crossed over the savannah of Serengeti and finally landed on the country of Istanbul my name is Hassan Salehe. I'm a final year undergraduate student at the Department of Computer Engineering, Middle East Technical University. In Metu Turkey Software I'm a database administrator and a core Software developer. I'm interested in software development, database management, Computer networks and Bioiformatics I do marathon, I like swimming and I'm fond of action movies.Oh, I was about to forget to tell you that I also like traveling. Thanks!
Ayub Rokhman Wakhid
From the country of thousand islands, across the ocean he came to Ankara. Now he is finishing his undergraduate study at the Department of Computer Education and Instructional Technology, Middle East Technical University. This is the first time he joined IGEM. He is in design team in Metu Turkey Software. He has interest in animation, web development, and instructional technologies.
Muhammad Fakhry Syauqy
A senior undergraduate student of Computer Education and Instructional Technology at Middle East Technical University. He came far away from Indonesia to Ankara, Turkey, to make a great leap on his life. His role in this team is designer. Together with Ayub, they designs the team's wiki, poster. He is interested in 2D and 3D designing, web developing and animation. He loves playing football and working with computer. His motto is "Possibilities are limitless"
Saygın Karaaslan
Our multimedia support and the core of our design and animation team. Saygın, is a senior in Biology department at METU and about to launch his own scientific animation company. After graduation he will be continuing his academic studies on medical informatics, scientific data visualization and 3D molecular animations. He has recently completed the production of OCW for molecular biology laboratory lectures as video-notes. Never says no to a good soccer game or mafia II. We look forward for the day for the premier of his documentary on "History of Science"
Yener Tuncel
I have graduated from METU Molecular Biology and Genetics department and just started the Bioinformatics Graduate Program this fall. My main research interests is in systems biology, and its applications. Currently I am focused on genome wide association of SNP biomarkers, where we will utilize systems biology approaches for discovering disease gene and pathway associations after highthrough-put genotyping studies. During the course of our research on the iGEM project this summer as a Molecular Biologist I worked on the standardization of the parts information for our applicaiton database. Also, as a Bioinformatician in training, contributed to the development of the algorithms for the BioGuide software. Besides research, I develop educational tools for biology and bioinformatics education and getting used to do couples dancing.
Since 2008, we have been participating in iGEM as METU ( Middle East Technical University) wet-lab team, and each year we have noticed the increasing number of teams participating, along with an increase in biobricks entries at partregistry.org. While having more choices of biobricks to choose from is incredible, searching for and choosing the appropriate parts is becoming a challenge. This year during the construction process of iGEM biobrick parts for our new project, we felt the need for an application to find interacting parts based on an input/output model to design the genetic constructs. Using a specialized software for searching the parts registry to find possible biobricks to include into our construct would be much easy, fast and accurate than manual. We have shared our need with a group of friends who are software engineers, and initiated the METU_Turkey_SOFTWARE team where we worked together over this summer to build the BIO-Guide software.
Scope and Future Aspects
The partregistry.org is a continuously growing collection of standard genetic parts that can be mixed and matched to build synthetic biology devices and systems. The Registry is based on the principle of "get some, give some". Registry users benefit from using the parts and information available in the Registry for designing their own genetically engineered biological systems. In exchange, the expectation is that Registry users will contribute back to the information and the data on existing parts and will submit new parts they have designed in order to improve this community resource.
As an expanding database partregistry.org needs to be more organized and the standardization template needs to be improved. Additionally, the potential of multiple ways of using each part in different construct combination brings out the necessity for an application to search through the database. BioGuide is the first designed software that organizes over 1000 parts in partregistry.org as possible atomics parts to build new biological device and systems for specific input and outputs based on graph theory. The requirement of similar applications and software tools are now inevitable in the emerging field of synthetic biology. The innovative approach that makes the partregistry.org easy to use for synthetic biology applications is the collection of standardized parts that can be used in any combination with minimal effort under one database. But while working on our algorithm to search for possible combinations of parts depending on the given input and output, we have realized that present standards are inadequate and parts registry form must be improved.
In very near future a new format for parts registry form is needed and few additional features should be implemented to have more control on the database. We are planning to suggest a new format and features for the parts registry based on the survey results we have received. And planning to build the next version of Bioguide based on the revised parts registry form. Along with using new parts registry standards we will be improving the algorithm, so that the software can search through more complex relations and returns all possible functional constructs.
As the field of Synthetic Biology is on the rise, iGEM is growing up very fast and the number of parts in the parts registry is increasing with the addition of more complex parts each day. After facing some difficulty while running our algorithms on the parts registry, the need for more effective standardization of parts entry was apparent. We have investigated the information on parts in iGEM’s 2010 distribution and reorganized the information on the parts registry forms according to the needs of our algorithm. Then we have used graph theoretic modeling to visualize the relations between iGEM Parts and to standardize the representation of the parts as much as possible by graph theoretical methods. This helped us to find input output relations between the parts. Furthermore, our program BioGuide is now able to provide alternative pathways to construct the most reliable and functional Biobrick devices with respect to given inputs and expected outputs as a guide to Biobricks parts registry.
Brain Storming about the iGEM.
What is iGEM.
Previous Wet-Lab Projects developed at METU.
What kind of projects can be developed as a software team.
NOTE: The first software team in Turkey...
Reading articles about iGEM WetLab and Software team projects.
Looking for the members of the team.
Looking for the instructors who can consult the team.
Employing a member to team interested in Synthetic Biology.
Reading articles about Synthetic Biology, Bioinformatics and Bio Engineering.
Founding the team [ An instructor, and student members ]
At this month we have started regular workshop about Synthetic Biology, Bioengineering, and Bioinformatics.
This month biologists in the team telling the needed basics to software group.
Workshop -1
[Biology basics, What is Synthetic Biology?, and the works in this field ]
[What is Synthetic Biology?, and the works in this field ]
[iGEM, Parts, Biobricks, and Devices ]
Workshop – 4
At this month we have completed our workshops, and as the masters in this field started meeting with instructors. /
Meanwhile, looking for sponsors [We have designed a document telling the iGEM, previous project and our project generally and started to send it private companies who can found us.]
This month it is turn to software group; they are transferring the basics of software concepts to biologists in the team.
Furthermore, we are discussing about how we can apply the basics of computer engineering to synthetic biology and iGEM parts.
Meeting -1
[First, discussion on articles that have been selected by consulters. Then, brain storming about the selected iGEM projects from previous years and our project ]
Meeting -2[with consulters ]
[Tellingtheprevious projects to consulters and telling our initial idea about project. Then, brainstorming about our project. ]
[Basic databaseconcepts and iGEM parts. ]
[What is ER Diagram and How we can develop a database model for iGEM parts with ER Model. ]
At this month software group is going on to tell the basics of software development and programming and computer engineering, discussions about the computer engineering approaches are continuing.
Furthermore, we have constructed the design group for web page, poster, presentation, and an attractive animation telling us.
Meeting – 5
[Graph theory, Graph theoretic modeling, and graphical modeling of iGEM parts. Using Input Output loops on iGEM parts. ]
Meeting – 6 [ With Consulters ]
Project Description.
Our tasks on holiday.
Telling our project and basic concepts to design team.
Discussion on storyboard for animation.
Week 3 and Week 4
HAVE a NICE HOLIDAY
SEE YOU ON JULY 1 as a POWERFUL TEAM; “METU TURKEY SOFTWARE”.
At this month we have started to develop application. And divided the team to 3 groups [ Software - Gene – Design ].
Gene group is providing row data to software group by extracting it from the part registery and other resources.
Software group is developing application.
Designers are learning new design tools, and applying those to our project [Not all Members of the group working actively for the team].
NOTE: Members are not strictly assigned to a group; this is just for organization of tasks.
Meeting-7
Take stock for current situation.
Discussion on web, poster, animation design.
Task analyses for each group [ Software, Gene, Design ].
Checking the tasks of each group.
· Software Group
Interface for DB.
Designing a basic SRS and SDD to be able to state the requirements of application exactly .
· Gene Group
Extracting I/O information for each part in part registry according to specified standards by Gene group.
Discussion about expectation from the software.
· Design Group
DOING THE TASKS.
At this month we have started to apply graph theory on iGEM parts. We have specified nodes, edges, graph types. Furthermore, we have started to develop a new “ Part Registery Form ” to be able to more standardize the part entry to be able to apply some algorithms on the parts more efficiently.
Node data extraction algorithm.
Node description.
Visualization of nodes.
Pathway finding according to specified I/O properties.
Representing the nodes with original images.
Whichone is node part or subparts or both are nodes in different graphs?
Part Combination rules.
Web site, Poster Content
Animation storyboard.
Survey for new “Part Registery Standarts”.
NewPart Registery Form.
Meeting -10
Extraction of Part Combination Rules
Web, poster, presentation contents generally.
USTC and Berkeley projects.[ http://2009.igem.org/Team:USTC_Software and http://2009.igem.org/Team:Berkeley_Software
Graphical representation of node relations.
Part Combination Rules
Subpart Combinations Rules
Expectations from the software (SRS: Functional; Requirements)
At this time all bases for application were nearly to finish, the software group was waiting row data from the gene group. Meanwhile, they were working on code bases.
Final Database
Final Graphs
Expectations from the software (SRS: Functional Requirements) (Suggestions)
Survey details
Animation (Storyboard, timeline)
Web site (Suggestions to web site)
Poster (How we can use 3D stereoscopic image, How we can tell the development progress and our concepts by 3D effect etc...)
Presentation ( Suggestions about presentation )
GUI ( about 70 % is over )
How to send the software to other teams for collaboration ( just general ideas, details will be talked later ).
With survey or not , can it shade the software?
What to ask to teams while sending?
Now everything is nearly over, it is time to put everything together.
Gene group explaining the methods that we have used during project.
Software group finalizing, software, testing it importing new function according to collaboration results with METU TURKEY wet lab team., trying to solve infinite bugs…
Design group putting all together…
Meanwhile, all team is writing the content for web, poster, and presentation.
BioGuide Application, missing points.
Web, poster, animation
Week 2, Week 3, & Week 4
GOOD NEWS Infinite meetings started :)
Writing content [shared it, tasks assigned to members according to their fields.]
Software; debugging, testing, adding functions…
Designers web, poster, presentation, animation, importing content…
November 1 – 12 is our ticket dates,
See you in BOSTON …
METU TURKEY SOFTWARE
Download Executable and Code
You can download BioGUIDE at http://sourceforge.net/projects/bioguide
Download & install it and feel it's power!!
Part Registry Survey
Click here to go to survey page..
(including responses between 10th -22nd of Oct 2010)
General Profile of Participants
The following teams are dedicated as collaborators with more than 60% team participation are
INSA-Lyon
Out of 244 participants between 10 to 22.10.2010, 57% of the participant had scientific degrees from B.Sc to Professor and 18% had graduate degrees. 18% of participants are enrolled in their teams as either Instructors or Advisors.
95 teams have responded to the survey while we are still waiting to hear from 33 teams. 74% teams participated with one or more members to the survey.
75% of participants were interested with synthetic biology field for academic purposes.
Browsing the Registry of Standard Parts
56% of participants think that it is not easy to search for the parts in Registry of Standard Parts. Many comments indicate a need for a better search engine and more flexible keyword search options, especially excepting aliases. Also many are longing for recognizable parts names, which will ease searching with keyword.
Partnership with Google and enforcing standardized parts names are suggested
As a global organization iGEM can offer the Parts Registry in different languages and more illustrations describing how the system works.
Content of Registry of Standard Parts
57% of participants agree that the number of parts registered in the Registry of Standard Parts is not enough for their projects.
55% of participants think that there are enough and useful parts distributed in iGEM Plates that we can use in our projects.
Even though most agree the number of parts in the registry is impressive, still they find it limited when it comes to design different devices for diverse applications especially in different species other than E. Coli. Participants believe that if there are more functional standardized parts, especially protein coding sequences and promoter-RBS , they can design devices according to the needs of the community instead of designing what can simply be assembled into a device.
Encouraging development of vectors and standards for new species and new standardized parts in different research areas is suggested.
Enforcing submission of right DNA sequences and working conditions for each part is suggested.
Few recommend expanding iGEM into a collaborative effort rather than an undergraduate tournament, which will increase the number and the diversity of the parts designed and submitted all throughout the year.
Submission to the Parts Registry
52% of participants said that they have not encountered difficulties during submitting parts. Even though participants are satisfied with the web interface of the registry, most complains about the pSB1C3 as the new standard plasmid to submit DNA.
71% of participants are like minded with our team's opinion, which is that The nomenclature of part IDs such as construct, device, composite parts, protein generator, is confusing as there is no consensus on how to use them correctly.
Terminology and categorization used on iGEM’s Parts Registry should be re-described and correct use of terminology should be enforced during the submission process.
75% of participants agree that different, specified submission interfaces should be designed for contructs, promoter, RBS, CDS and terminals is needed during Registry of Standard Parts. But, there are very strong and valid arguments against it such as, losing the flexibility of the registry will not allow future submission of unclassified parts.
We suggest keeping the parts submission interface as is, until these concerns are addressed.
75% of participants agree that Out-dated, un-available and not-characterized parts in the Registry of Standard Parts should be removed to an archive after the consent of the designer.
“It would be great to see some sort of organization like this! I agree that unavailable parts should be followed up on and removed if necessary. I also think that parts which are not sufficiently documented should be highlighted in some way. Once these parts are identified, teams can actively characterize them as part of their projects or as side projects.”
“Think about these things: (i) who decides when a part is out-dated, and how can that person know that an old part cannot have a novel use in the future? (ii) likewise, an uncharacterized part may be both characterized and used in the future”
We suggest building a backup system, such as an archive, to sort out the rarely used, un-available and un-categorized parts until they are in line with the enforced standards.
91% of participants have same opinion with us, which is that standardization of the nomenclatures used for each different composition of parts is necessary.
Standards that should be enforced and Additional New Standards
According to our survey, from high rated to low, these standards have been rated which has been used while assigning a name to parts
33% Type of part
17% Input
17% Output
14% Version
10% Year
9% Group
Along with above, having short recognizable part names along with function and performance , Genbank/EMBL link and organism information is important.
93% of participants have said that for the parts that are marked as “WORKS” distinguishing the parts with quantitative experimental validation vs parts without this information is important. Most participants have encountered with similar problems about parts that don’t work under their lab conditions or works but not they were claimed for.
89% of participants have same opinion with us, which is that iGEM should sub-categorize the “WORKS” comment into 1) “Quantitative” for parts which are characterized with experiments and 2) “Qualitative” for parts which are not characterized will be an appropriate measure for standardization of Biobrick database.
In order to overcome these problems we suggest enforcing the working conditions title for the registry entrance, in order to collect quantitative experimental details on submitted parts, which might slow down the registration process but will definitely increase the quality of the database.
61% of participants agree that POPS (Polymerase Per Second) should be assigned to every part or biobricks with a promoter, where appropriate. - 57% of participants have been agree that RIPS (Ribosome per Second) should be assigned to every part or biobricks with a RBS brick.
Though most participants agree the need for POPS and RBS information , they are concerned about the workload it would bring to individual labs.
“To do this, the Registry need to define a reliable and easy method of determining the PoPS for teams to use. However, I would say that there are better systems for quantifying promoter output than PoPS, and they should be used instead, if possible”.
67% of participants have thought that entering POPS information should not be mandatory while submitting new parts. Similarly, 65% of participants disagree that entering RIBS information should be mandatory while submitting new parts
Even though the researchers feeling the need for this information they are shying away from requesting it as a mandatory title for parts registry as it would be difficult for underfunded and inexperienced groups to perform these measurements.
We strongly suggest starting a forum on how to quantify the performance of promoters and genes to bring an easy to measure standard for the efficiency of the parts. Additionally iGEM should the responsibility and provide the measurements for the each promoter and gene included in the distributions. The second choice would be even better in terms of standardization as all the measurement will be performed by one center under similar conditions and with experienced researchers, which will allow user to compare and contrast the efficiencies of the parts more accurately.
82% of participants have thought that information on working conditions of the parts should be mandatory while submitting new parts. Most find submiting the detailed experimental information and working conditions is crucial and even easier than submitting measurements of POPS or RBS.
Definitions you would like to see at the Registry of Standard Parts
Transcriptional efficiency 13%
Protein lifetime 10%
Ribosome binding efficiency 10%
mRNA lifetime 9%
Translation initiation and efficiency 9%
Protein concentration 9%
Cooperative effects with other molecules 9%
Protein-DNA binding rates and efficiencies 8%
RNA polymerase affects 8%
System copy count 8%
Protein multimerization 6%
Additional titles includes: Catalytic rates and affinities for substrates, leakiness of promoter in lack of stimulus, POPS at various inducer/repressor concentrations.
Efficiency of the Database Entries
86% of participants would like to see a ranking/rating system for the parts by the other iGEM users which will be one indication of if a part is working and how well in different laboratories. Few had concerns about how well the rating system will work for rarely used parts while the widely used parts would even more popular due the the rating system. Still many believes this would be one futher towards a peer-reviewed quality control system for the parts.
61% of participants agreed that parts should be updated regularly by the designers, where most agreed at least when there is new information on the parts. It has also been suggested to give permission to all the users of that part for updating information.
73% of participants have been agree with us that excluding the low ranking parts or the parts with negative feedback from the future plates will increase efficiency of the system. The major concern about excluding any part is losing the variety of parts in the database. Few recommends excluding only the parts that are not working.
“Efficiency shouldn't be top priority in a database. First and foremost, data is the top priority. Excluding those parts would make the system more efficient”
“Some parts may be rare or new and have low efficiency, but can be very important! Getting rid of them would eliminate any chance of improvement to these parts, which not only a qualifier for an iGEM gold medal, but also one of the focuses of biobricks.”
We suggest excluding the parts not-working, low rated or with negative feedbacks from the annual distribution plates but still archive them and make their data available through the parts registry. So the while the individuals labs are receiving plates with higher rated, fully working parts for their projects, anyone who wants to work on a more exotic part can search through the achieves and re-vitalize the parts stored there. The challenge of re-vitalization of parts can be encouraged as an collaborative effort.
New Options for the Parts Registry Database
96% of participants are like minded with us that it will be useful to have a link out to the gene/protein information of the parts and - %97 of participants have been agree that they would like to know if a part is also involved in known biological pathways.
For receiving pathway information more participants have voted for NCBI Cog (59%) than KEGG pathways (38%) when the responses for both has been distributed among the choices according to response rates. Adding the blast option to the parts registry has also been suggested to locate parts of interest. We are sure all of us would like to see gene-protein and pathway information if these information was integrated into the database and offered automatically for each entry in the database.
We are planning to provide this information about the parts to all parts registry users as a build-in option in the next version of BioGuide in iGEM 2011.
New Parts Registry Form Suggested for The New Standards
Warning Boxes:
If Out-dated, un-available and not-characterized parts exist in the Registry of Standard Parts, bring to an archive after the consent of the designer. Divide archive into three title: Out-dated, un-available and not-characterized parts
Besides shown as “works”, in the works box there should be explanation whether the part is characterized or non-characterized.
Parts should be updated regularly by the designers
Excluding the low ranking parts or the parts with negative feedback from the future plates
Characterization Boxes:
transcriptional efficiency
mRNA lifetime
ribosome binding efficiency
translation initiation and efficiency
protein lifetime
protein concentration
protein multimerization
protein-DNA binding rates and efficiencies
cooperative effects with other molecules
RNA polymerase effects
system copy count
with click options
options: searched parts are:
Length OK
according to the clicks of above options, search is modified
Assume on the part image;
part DNA sequence is not confirmed, then tag with "non-confirmed DNA sequence"
non-characterized parts in the Parts Registry are not characterized further, then it will be tagged as "deprecated"
comment box stated that any team can make comment about experiences with the part is opened
boxes which had been not filled with the data are highlighted;
if the part is not characterized but "works" then a "Qualitative part" tag is added
besides "works", "Characterized" or "non-characterized" box is added
ranking/rating stars for the parts voted by the other iGEM users which indicate how well the parts perform in different laboratories is added. For example 4.5 star voted by 27 teams (number of stars and number of votes)
For new users whom want to interest with synthetic biology and for experienced scientists, in our program you have two options for Input Output properties ;
To find input-output related biobrick parts or larger constructs! If you want to provide specific chemical or physical inputs from external environment, you may choose these inputs from the list. if you want other specific inputs which will be expressed from a coding sequence, the list can provide these specified protein names.
Wanted features of outputs can be selected by either from list or entering individually into text boxes.
Then click on the “Show Parts ” button.
Then the program will show you the parts have specified I/O properties
To see the properties of a part just click on it.
After clicking, you will see a highlighted pathway on the 2nd graph. Which are the subparts of the clicked part. Showing the sub graph in network.
iGEM’s parts registry is the only current database that holds information and DNA for over 3000 standard parts for the use of synthetic biology community. BioGUIDE is the first designed software that organizes the parts in iGEM spring 2010 distribution as possible atomics parts to build new biological device and systems for specific input and outputs based on graph theory. We are the first group who has applied a novel algorithm to search for input/output relations between the parts to reveal possible construct assemblies. This new approach will chance how the parts registry is used by the scientific community. And the availability of software implementing our algorithm with a very user friendly graphical user interface will allow all the users of the parts registry to explore new and novel constructs according to their parameter with ease. Additionally as the BioGUIDE software is an open source ware , any user can contribute to the development of the application. So, BioGUIDE will be improving with a collaborative effort, which will make it even more widely used among the synthetic biologists.
We also had many collabrations with the teams such as, INSA-Lyon, Lethbridge, WashU through our survey and WARSAW as we have participated in their survey. Also our sister team METU_TURKEY is our main collaborator. They have provided feedback BioGUIDE at different stages of the development. And they had the chance to analyze their constructs input/output relations throughout this collaboration.
ALL TEAMS: The Parts Registry Survey that has been developed by METU_TURKEY_SOFTWARE got response from 253 of participant from 94 teams. Analysis of the survey results we have received so far indicates that we were able outreach to the iGEM community and help them verbalize their concerns and suggestions for the parts registry standards and the maintenance of the database.
WARSAW: Our team members have participated in their survey abour iGEM participants profile.
METU_TURKEY: Beta testing of the algorithm developed and the BioGUIDE software has been performed by METU_TURKEY on few case studies. Additionally they have tested their construct for 2010 competition with our algorithm.
Our main data source for BIO Guide Software Program was the available background information of parts distributed in 2010 iGEM plates (Total of three384-well plates of dried DNA) to the wetlab teams. This data was available through both the parts registry main website (http://partsregistry.org/Main_Page) in XML format and parts registry libraries (http://partsregistry.org/assembly/libraries.cgi?id=31) in Excel format. Data from parts with specific part IDs have been parsed with a custom code developed to modify SAX Parser. Then, the rest of the data which needs to be standardized according to biological importance have been extracted from the Registry of Parts Page manually. The chemical (IPTG, galactose etc.) or physical (UV irradiation, temperature etc) external inputs and proteins synthesized from a biobrick coding sequence can affect promoters on the parts. These effectors are identified under the title “Input”. And the “Output” s of these effectors are classified as inducers (a molecule that starts gene expression), repressors (blocker of attachment of RNA polymerase to promoter), activators (increasing the rate of transcription) and inhibitor s(decreasing the rate of transcription). These standardizations on the database helped us to build the algorithm based on input/output relationships. MySQL Server is used for Database development and organization. All of our illustrations for ER and algorithm is created in SmartDraw (trial version). Java Programming Language, and NetBeans Development environment is used or for software development. The graphical visualization of the software is done with Cyctoscape and yfiles libraries (trial version) are used for the presentation of graphical events. We have utilized css Javascripts for our webdesign. Autodesk Maya 2011 with Academic Licence, Adobe Creative Suite 5 Master Collection (Trial Version) have been used for animations and illustrations. Video tutorial for the BioGUIDE has been created by camstudio and trial versions of Flash and After Effects are also used for the videos.
SAX Parser ( modified )to parse XML files
Java ProramingLanguage, NetBeans Developement environment for software developement
MySQL Server for DataBase
cystoscape for graph visualization
yfiles library for graph events
SmartDraw for illutration of ER and Algorithm
maya & Cinema 4D for 3D animation, Adobe Master Collection and Microsoft Expression Studio for design
CSS, Java Script for web
Synthetic biology has the potential to impact many areas of society. Synthetic biologists may use artificial molecules to reproduce emergent behavior from natural biology, with the goal of creating artificial life or seeking interchangeable biological parts to assemble them into devices and systems that function in a manner not found in nature (Benner and Sismour 2005, Endy 2005, Heinemann and Panke 2006, Luisi 2007, Serrano 2007).There is possibility of causing intentional or accidental harm to humans, agriculture or the environment. While deliberate damage is dealt with under the heading biosecurity, the potential unintended consequences have to be considered under the term biosafety. As a software developer , we have to consider all possible maliciously use of synthetic biology tools. However, it is diffucult to understand for which purposesour tools will be used, bestway avoiding garage bioterrorism is all parts before adding to partsregistry must be checked , looked for toxic affect and any environmental or human harmness. After scanning possible candidate parts, a committe should decide whether novel part can be added parts registry or not.And we can only warn the user about our intention while building the application:
“BioGUIDE v1.0 software is FOR RESEARCH USE ONLY, no medical or diagnostic use for applications of the novel Biobrick constructs generated through our software has been described “
“No military (defense or combat) applications will be allowed in future”
Part Extraction Standards
All information about the parts that are essential in experimental setup of iGEM projects has been utilized. The information for the parts available provided with all three 384 well plates in Spring 2010 distribution have been standardized. Our standardization criteria have been discussed in detail under Database Standardization. ER diagram has been generated which simply describes the organization of the data. Around 70% of the parts information has been fetched by the custom parsing code from XML and Excel files provided by iGEM. Rest of the data had to be collected and organized manually as the organization of these data cannot be standardized to generate an algorithm. This step was one of the most time consuming steps in our project. For each construct and Biobrick the information collected was; Activity, Inducer, Activator, Repressor and Inhibitor for promoters and Inducer, Activator, Repressor and Inhibitor information valid for synthesized molecules (mostly proteins and RNA fragments etc.)
Rules (Image Combinations) In order to build our input/output relations graphs first we run our algorithm on the real combination dataset which contains all few thousand different possible combinations of the biobricks. But after performing all combinations for the first few hundred biobricks application’s rate slowed downed tremendously, which also become very time consuming for displaying biobricks graphs. To overcome this bottleneck we have developed a new strategy, where we have only used the construct combinations of the biobricks distributed within the plates. Moreover, according to information gathered from the subparts of the constructs distrubuted, we also collected the subpart assembly order, such as 1st: promoter, 2nd:rbs, 3rd:coding seq, any internal parts and the Last: terminator. Each specific Biobrick type has been assigned a number as a unique image ID from 1 to 19. Gathering the information on subparts was not a direct forward process. ImageID assembly orders for each construct has been used to extract the type information for each subpart with that construct. This innovative approach helped us to reveal 400 possible brick combinations present within the 3x384 well plates distributed by iGEM in Spring 2010.
For critics, suggestion, or appraisal, you can contact us on software_metuturkey@googlegroups.com
Future Plan
The application we have developed can be used by all iGEM members. As the iGEMs database expands and the recognition of the field of Synthetic Biology increases, data resources from other biological databases such as NCBI might be needed to be integrated to the application. In such a situation, extendibility of the application is vital. New data resources and new functions should be added easily.
Before planning ahead, feedback from other teams and iGEM headquarters about the BioGuide 1.0 will be collected. That will help us to fill in the missing features of the application and check the theories which are basis of our algorithms.
As our application is not geared towards any commercial use and will stay as an academic application, keeping track of the weekly developmental process on the wiki notebook environment was satisfactory. If the need for a commercial application emerges, we should be utilizing professional software development approaches to determine the exact requirements and to facilitate the use of a common language between interdiciplinary members in the team.
For constructing BioGuide 2.0 we have some plans.
Short Term plan:
Next year we are planning to generate BioGuide 2.0 by using all parts data but inorder to do this we will update our part database but easyway is standardization and reorganizing all parts in partsregistrty.org according to our suggestion because re-organizing and normalization are crucial. We are planning to add new tools to improve graphs.Our ultimate aim is finding best pathway based on automated construction and input-output relation. BioGuide 2.0 will be more faster because we are planning to use OODBMS and all all platform will support BioGuide 2.0.
Long term plan:
We want to improve our algoritm and add more parameter to make graphs more effective. Our dream is embeding our software into partsregistry.org so no mere iGEMers will choose parts in real time by using our software.
Suggestions based on PartsRegistry Survey Results
First suggesiton is offering fartnership with Google for easy search and founding a committe to enforce a standardized nomenclature for terminology and parts registry entries.
We strongly suggest starting a forum on how to quantify the performance of promoters and genes to bring an easy to measure standard for the efficiency of the parts. Additionally iGEM should assume the responsibility and provide the measurements for the each promoter and gene included in the distributions. The second choice would beeven better in terms of standardization as all the measurement will be performed by one center under similar conditions and with experienced researchers, which will allow user to compare and contrast the efficiencies of the parts more accurately. We suggest excluding the parts not-working, low rated or with negative feedbacks from the annual distribution plates but still archive them and make their data available through the parts registry. So the while the individuals labs are receiving plates with higher rated, fully working parts for their projects, anyone who wants to work on a more exotic part can search through the achieves and re-vitalize the parts stored there. The challenge of re-vitalization of parts can be encouraged as an collaborative effort. We are sure, all of us would like to see gene-protein and pathway information if these information was integrated into the database and offered automatically for each entry in the database. We are planning to provide this information about the parts to all parts registry users as a build-in option in the next version of BioGuide in iGEM 2011.
Database Standardization
Two main focuses of our project was the organization of the available information about Biobricks on iGEM’s website and development of a software application to help synthetic biologists at the experimental set-up level by providing all available construct combinations for any given input and output relations ,which they can utilize for their own project.
Normalization and re-organization of the part information at iGEM’s web site was needed in order to develop our application, which will automatically search the possible construct combinations. For the organization and analysis of the Biobricks, we used part info for Spring 2010 distribution. The information on all three 384 well plates distributed by iGEM scrutinized and checked individually to specify the standards available and needed. iGEM is providing so many parts within a hierarchical way, but there is no order in the information flow and no common standards. Furthermore, the information bulk is being used in an ineffective manner. Some of the parts distributed are known to be nonfunctional. Web pages for parts contain lots of information, but majority of them, are again not ordered. Moreover, some additional information had to be removed or replaced in such a way that the information for parts can be used effectively. And removal of the redundant bulk information related with parts at iGEM’s web site had been recommended for future.
Although, the final standardization, which we have suggested is not for general public use and it was urgently needed in order to satisfy the needs of our algorithm. But, still it will be a valuable resource, since it summarizes the basic information about the parts.
As the first step to build the proposed standardization template, the headings selected related to parts are listed on Table 1. Submission of part IDs for individual parts is an accepted and quite valuable way of tracking information. Although, every part has unique partID, for every part there is a need to assign unique part names as official iGEM names. Part names will have an important role as they will be providing the short description about the part, which synthetic biologists can immediately recognize and utilize during the construction of unique Biobricks. Additionally unique part names will be helpful to identify the devices with more than one Biobrick in their constructs. Assignment of unique and distinct names for parts describing their nature and content will be helpful to researchers for the recognition of and search for the parts.
Headings Selected From Previous Entry Forms for Indication of Standardized Information
PartID:
PartName:
Bricks:
BrickIDs:
ImageIDs:
RFC10:
Table 1: The table above basically describes and designates qualities of parts which identifies their compositions and demonstrates the status of previously assigned standards. PartID refers to the unique ID number for parts including atomic parts and assemblies. PartName refers to the given unique names to parts. Bricks, refers to the shortcut names which specifies atomic parts. ImageIDs, refers to individual or combination of numbers that are assigned by us. RFCs refers to the states of parts based on RFC standards.
iGEM both provides individual, atomic parts and pre-combined constructs such as devices and systems. Availability of combined constructs is important to the researchers as combining individual bio-bricks one at a time will be very time consuming. These previously merged constructs, serve as the repository for puzzle and they can be used for different purposes. Up to date the largest and most trustworthy source, for synthetic biology and its components, is iGEM’s parts registry. In 2010, iGEM provided over 1000 parts that have initiated many projects. Having more atomic parts available in the iGEM’s repository, will lead to the design of more complex and robust constructs, and we would have a better chance to design different constructs for unique purposes. Also, for the parts that are already available, extra steps needs to be taken for the quality control and surveillance of these products. The quality control of the information for the parts is essential for the future of iGEM and synthetic biology. Even though we have found pre-determined RFC standards useful and included those to our standardized template, some individual parts still requires re-organization of the information as RFC standards alone for the functionality of parts, does not satisfy the needs for wet lab biologists.
Without a question there is an urgent need to build a distinct and specific database well organized with its own standards for synthetic biology; however, development of such a database is not an easy task.
Contact Information of Part Owners and Qualitative Group Comments about Parts
Designers: Mail:
GroupFavorite:
StarRating:
Table 2: The above table simply depicts information about possessors of parts and their contact information and the popularity of the parts for groups. Parameters heading, refers distinctive experimental details unique to the usage of parts which should be decided by groups.
Second step for building the standardized template was to get the phylogenic information about the parts development process which includes the name of the group, designer and contact information, along with the comments from the group on the parts they have submitted. Contact information is especially important for iGEM as other groups who need extra information about the available part can reach to the required information. Even though contacting with the designers of the individual parts which are available is highly encouraged by iGEM, unavailability of contact information points at out the fact that iGEM’s parts registry needs strong re-organization in order to serve to the synthetic biology community properly.
Additionally, the “group favorite” and “starRating” fields are also important for individual evaluation of the parts, which doesn’t get the deserved attention from the iGEM groups. “Group Favorite” defines the confidence on the part by the designer group. “StarRating” defines the related part in terms of popularity and usage efficiency among the groups. According to our observations, most groups are not aware of either of the fields or they are used incorrectly or ineffectively. For example for a part with a full reporter which is known to be functional and gives precise and expected results the StarRating should be at least 2 stars, but for most of the parts in 2010 distribution, it is very difficult to observe a part whose “StarRating” is above one. For quick determination of functionality of the parts these two evaluations are important so they have been included in the proposed standardization template. But, as they were not properly used up to now for the re-organization of the parts information during the development of our software application we had to include all parts to our queries regardless of their evaluations based on “Group Favorites” and “ StarRatings”
Input and Output Characteristics of Parts
-Input:
• Promoter:
• Activity:
• Inducer:
• Activator:
• Repressor:
• Inhibitor:
• Promoter2:
-Output:
• Reporter:
• Reporter2:
• Regulator:
• Regulator2:
-Working Condition:
Table 3: The table above elaborately describes the input relations based on promoters and the output products based on the functional genes and RNAs which are included within the parts. Working condition simply describes any influencing factor or circumstance which is directly related with the functional properties of parts.
Third part of our standardization template includes parameters of contingent input and output elements. These parameters are classified into two groups for simplicity as presented on Table 3. This final part of the standardization template includes the upmost important information about the Biobricks that are required for the BioGuide Software to run its searching algorithm.
Briefly, BioGuide application is designed to catch the input and output relations of individual parts to examine possible Biobricks pathways for specific input and output queries. In other words, at pre-experimental stage, it helps wet lab biologists to design their unique constructs by revealing possible alternative options for pre-determined purposes, along with the primary paths. Our ultimate goal is to improve the algorithm designed for iGEM 2010 and present a new version of the BioGuide in iGEM 2011, which will provide optimum design of constructs for predetermined parameters.
Most of the parts are composed of functional and nonfunctional constructs which are formed by atomic parts. And every part should carry the information for all of its atomic parts within itself. The “input” heading actually stands for promoters. Parts with one or more promoters can be found at iGEM’s Parts Registry. Along with the information on which and how many promoters a part might have, the activity level of promoters are also important to distinguish between a constitutively active promoter or a promoter activated by specific physiological processes or states etc. This information was crucial for us to dissect in order to run our algorithm as it directly affects which inputs can activate the devices or the systems.
Throughout our investigations on the Parts Registry, we found out that much of the terminology was being used ambiguously. Although this might not be vital for synthetic biologists, it is still endeavoring to understand the function of certain regulatory elements which also becomes a time consuming task for the researcher. Thus, we recommend that the explanations of certain regulatory elements should be redefined and fixed especially for synthetic biology for easy communication, sharing and searching of information.
Common misuses of the terminology can guide us to figure out how to construct a standard nomenclature for synthetic biology. We claim that a standard nomenclature is urgently needed for synthetic biology for the following reasons. First of all, synthetic biology is an emerging research discipline and an industrial application area which is highly promising. Secondly, redefinition of the terminology to build a standard nomenclature is needed as some of the terms are prone to be used instead of another causing problems related to misuse for the global communication about synthetic biology. Lastly, the nomenclature has major importance for the construction of a persistent and trustworthy database for synthetic biology which serves for the information exhibition and exchange globally. For instance, there are obvious misunderstandings about the words which are predominantly used for regulation process. We have noticed that, the terms “inhibitor” and “repressor” are being used as equivocally in the part information pages. Like the lactose inhibitor protein, a widely used DNA-binding transcriptional repressor, that have been labeled both as “inhibitor” and “repressor” at iGEM’s Parts Registry. Similar problems resulting from ambiguous use of terminology also observed with regulatory elements. To sum up, we investigated all input elements for promoters and classify these elements in terms of their function, affect and required input element for them. So, we suggest that terminology used for regulation of transcription should be defined clearly on iGEM’s website and correct use of terminology should be enforced.
The second group of parameters was collected under the title “Output”, which refers to products of functional genes. In contradiction, the term “reporter” has also been described within the same list. Reporters are also genes whose products, can be used for screening as an output. According to our group, the usage of the term “reporter” for genes is unnecessary and cause extra complexity for information distribution and gives rise to discrepancies. Instead of using the term “reporter”, predefined “gene” description should be used for genes, which can function as reporters. The special information which is related with the characteristic of that gene should also be presented on part info web page.
Furthermore, the same terminology “reporter” was used for both atomic parts and composite bio-bricks. Also the overall image descriptions for these were defined as “reporters”. We want to point out that using same nomenclature for both atomic genes and for whole functional constructs contributes to the complexity and makes specific explorations difficult through the Parts Registry. So, assigning “reporter” for both atomic parts and for whole constructs is not a good practice. Instead, we are suggesting the usage of other available terminology for the parts listed as reporters, which most of the constructs, now known as reporters, can be grouped into, such as “protein generators”, “composite parts” or “inverters”.
Devices are whole constructs which are functional and have specific and distinct functions. But, as we have observed, unfortunately, the term “device” is also being used for parts which are not functional and do not have specific functional at all. Moreover, within the classification of devices, we argue that some terms are also being used unnecessarily and ambiguously. Devices are classified into five types which are protein generators, reporters, inverters, receivers and senders, measurement devices. For example iGEM defines protein generators as:
Protein generator = promoter + rbs +gene + terminator
Though we accept the definition for protein generators, we observed that there exist numerous parts which are defined as protein generators but actually most of them do not fit to the definition provided above. Although some parts are not functional and do not generate proteins at all, they are classified as protein generators, which makes searching for the parts difficult in the registry. Furthermore, there are also numerous parts which are defined as “composite parts” but actually they fit to the same definition with protein generators. In order to overcome the problem of misuse of device type we have extracted related image ID information for the composite parts. Image ID information helped us to correctly categorize composite parts depending on its individual atomic parts and identify the ones with more than one function, such as being both inhibitor and activator. In other words, we used image and part IDs in order to merge an input for its outputs.
Subtitle working conditions, includes all the detailed information about the experimental properties of parts, and the details about the working process of individual parts and complete devices. Additionally, we marked the subtitle “Working Condition” in our standardization template as potentially the most important title that helps synthetic biologist to better understand the parts functions at iGEM’s part registry database. The main problem we have encounter with the subtitle “working condition” is within most of the parts the details about working process is not enough and not provided regularly.
Examples of Misuse of Terminology:
For Composite Parts:
PartID: BBa_S04055
PartName: Synthetic lacYZ operon
This part is functional and responsible for the production of LacY and LacZ proteins. This part partially fits the definition for “composite part” but actually should be a protein generator as it fits fully to the definition of “protein generators”.
For Protein Generators:
PartID: BBa_J45299
PartName: PchA & PchB enzyme generator
The part which is illustrated above actually fits the definition for “composite part” but in part registry it is classified as protein generator. This part can be functional but it needs a promoter. Even though this part is not functional and is not capable of producing protein, part registry assigns this product as protein generator. We suggest that all parts in the registry, which are composed of more than one atomic part and which are not functional on their own but can be functional, should be classified as “composite parts”.
For Reporters:
PartName: RFP Coding Device with an LVA tag
This functional part is classified as “Reporter” in the parts registry database. It is very clear that this part fits the same description as Protein Generator in Biobrick part registry standards. Although, this part has specific and known functional role, characterizing this part as a reporter is unnecessary and contributes to the level of complexity of information provided. Instead, we suggest that this part should be classified as “protein generator” and related detailed information about the specific function of this part, should be provided in the part information page.
In conclusion, as mentioned above we tried to reorganize and normalize the information about parts which is provided in part registry for 2010 in order to develop our algorithm for the BioGuide application. During this process, we encountered some inconsistencies and misuses of the terminology being used and also inadequacies about the information provided about parts. First of all, we claim that a standard nomenclature should be constituted for future use in the field of synthetic biology. Based on the information gathered according to new nomenclature a professional database should be constructed to address the needs of synthetic biology. This will enable easy information exchange and exhibition globally. Secondly, although there are enough information about parts exists on parts registry database, the information which is provided for parts need to be ordered urgently. Furthermore, there should be new experimental standards which must be introduced to groups in the part submission process for the subtitle “working condition”. These experimental standards will be important because the experimental details about parts are not satisfying the needs of wet-lab biologists for the design and the construction of new Biobricks.
In this section, the step by step functioning of our application, along with the encapsulation of the algorithmic concepts of ‘standardization’ of functional iGEM devices are depicted in pictorial forms called flowcharts. Rectangular boxes represent the encapsulation of implementations of the computer programs to perform the particular tasks stated in that box on the flowcharts. These boxes are sometimes called subprograms, objects or packages in Object Oriented software Engineering context. The diamonds represent decision branching and they are found between two rectangular boxes. The arrows show the direction in which subprograms work and communicate. The subprogram at the head of the arrow starts executing after the termination of the subprogram at the tail of the arrow. Following flowcharts are the high level representations of our algorithms developed for the BioGuide software.
Diagram 1. Flowchart of collection, formatting and storage of devices data algorithm
Information about the iGEM parts had to be collected in a standardized format for our application to function properly. Following data collection custom subprograms is needed to parse and forward the data the application’s database. In order to achieve this we have designed and implemented the algorithm shown in diagram 1. In this algorithm, the first stage was to find the list of part IDs of devices which were supplied by iGEM in Spring 2010 distribution. This information has been collected from two sources 1) plate files in excel format which was available online 2) device data provided in xml format, both provided by iGEM. The last step in the algorithm was to send the collected partID data to the application’s database.
Diagram 2. Flowchart for BioGuide execution before and during user interaction
Diagram 2 presents the main algorithm, which shows how BioGuide application works. In BioGuide the major components are device and Biobrick graphs. While the device graph represents input-output (promoter-regulator) compatibility combination of iGEM devices, the Biobrick graph represents combinations of atomic parts assembled in a device or system. The flowchart shows how these graphs are created and embedded into the program, which displays both of the graphs to the user when launched. Application presents few interactive options to the user when started, which were shown on the flowchart under the horizontal, bolded line. As shown on the diagram 2, there are four interactive tasks BioGuide can do, where the device and Biobricks graphs are utilized. Upon clicking a node on a devices or Biobricks graph, that node changes in size and color and the various functions shown on the flowchart can be performed then after.
Graphical Modeling for Bio-Guide
Graphical Modeling Theory has been applied to construct four different graphs where relations of atomic parts, devices and systems and the functional combinations that can build new constructs are presented for the iGEMs parts registry database. Three graphs are composed of iGEM devices and one graph is based on Biobricks. Each graph comprises a set of vertices or nodes and a set of edges. In the set of nodes each node represents a device, while in the set of edges each edge represents the input-output combination of the nodes. These graphs are directed graphs as the edges are created according to input-output combination. All compatibilities between a regulator and a promoter of an edge is created, where the source of this edge is the device with the corresponding regulator and target of the edge is the device with the promoter in concern.
Fig. 1: A node representing a device
Fig. 2: Arrow representing an edge between two nodes
The atomic structures used in our graphical model have been represented in Figures 1 and 2. A node is represented with a solid circle where the label, the part/device ID according to iGEM standards, of the device is marked on the foreground. The blue arrows between nodes connect the related devices, representing the input-output connectivity. End style of the arrow helps us to determine the direction of the node, like in Figure 2 where the node labeled BBa_S03520 is the source and BBa_JO9250 is the target.
All the four constructed graphs build for BioGuide are directed graphs. So that, for every edge there must be a single source and a target. There is no single edge which is bidirectional. In mathematical form this can be represented as:
If an edge e has node v as source and node w as target then the edge can be expressed as
For a directed graph the combination (v, w) is totally different from (w, v). Therefore,
The direction of the edges has been represented with the arrows, as explained in Figure 2.
The nodes forming their own sub-graphs disconnected from the rest of the nodes have been recognized, which showed us the presence of incompatibility between few regulators and promoters of the devices. We have observed this disconnection in all four of our graphs. The basis of the disconnection has been shown in Figure 3, where the two sub-graphs without any edge that connects them to the main graph has been presented on the right hand side of the diagram. These features classify our graphs as disconnected graphs [1].
Fig. 3: A zoomed in screenshot showing two sub-graphs within the disconnected graph.
"Semi-Simplicity"
A simple graph is a graph in which no more than one edge contains the same set of nodes. So, in a simple graph it is not possible to find more than one edge with the same source and the same target. Additionally, an edge with the same source and target, forming a loop is not allowed. But, in synthetic biology it is possible to construct a device consisting of devices or bio bricks of the same species or type. Accordingly, our graphs are simple graphs with an exception of possible self-containing loops, where the edge starts from and ends on the same node. Our graphs have an exception of having loops and due to this permitted flexibility our graphs are "semi-simple".
For general information about graphs refer to:
[1] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graph_(mathematics)
In order to develop BioGuide algorithm, there was a need to reorganize and normalize parts information database in partsregistry.org. Information of the parts was processed and developed from partsregistry.org which includes the PartID, PartName, RFC values, etc , designer and contact information and parameters to build a standardized template for our algorithm to run smoothly.
Database standardization is done by analyzing iGEM Spring 2010 distribution and collecting information needed for the standardized parts. Also new parameters are assigned according to parts input-output model like : Inducer, Activator, Repressor, Inhibitor
For each promoter we have assigned their inducers or repressors as input and for protein generator parts we have assigned generated proteins as output which maybe activator or repressor of other devices.
iGEM devices are depicted in pictorial forms called flowcharts, encapsulation of implementations , decision branching and direction are milestones of our algorithm. Following flowcharts are the high level representations of our algorithms developed for the BioGuide software.
We run our algorithm on the real combination dataset in order to build our input/output relations graphs. We also collected the subpart assembly order, such as 1st: promoter, 2nd:rbs, 3rd:coding seq, any internal parts and the Last: terminator. Each specific Biobrick type has been assigned a number as a unique image ID from 1 to 19.
ImageID assembly orders for each construct have been used to extract the type information for each subpart with that construct. This innovative approach helped us to reveal 400 possible brick combinations present within the 3x384 well plates distributed by iGEM in Spring 2010
Four different graphs were constructed based on graphical modeling theory where relations of atomic parts, devices and systems and the functional combinations that can build new constructs are presented for the iGEMs parts registry database. Three graphs are composed of iGEM devices and one graph is based on Biobricks.
Each graph comprises a set of vertices or nodes and a set of edges. In the set of nodes each node represents a device, while in the set of edges each edge represents the input-output combination of the nodes.
We arrange a survey to analyze user needs and response, According to our survey results, 244 participants are completed our survey between 10 to 22.10.2010, 57% of the participant had scientific degrees from B.Sc to Professor and 18% had graduate degrees. 18% of participants are enrolled in their teams as either Instructors or Advisors.INSA-Lyon, Lethbridge, WashU are dedicated as collaborators with more than 60% team participation. You can learn more on survey results on our collaboration page
Attribution and Contributions
The BioGUIDE software is a proud product of METU_TURKEY_SOFTWARE group where the students have presented the problem and come up with the solution with minor advising. This project was not a part of an ongoing project in any of the advisors.
The biologist of the team have done the preliminary database standardization by analyzing and collected data from the iGEM Spring 2010 distribution. All the algorithms have been developed by the soon-to-be computer scientist in the group. The Parts registry survey and standardization of the database information on parts have been developed through a colloborotative effort within the group.
Additionally all the logo, illustrations, animations, video and other visual media and web design has been created by the design team in the group.
Executable and Code
Retrieved from "http://2010.igem.org/Team:METU_Turkey_Software"
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October 10, 2008 – 5:34 pm
2008-10-13 -Royal Bank of Scotland Implodes:
Once the king of European banks, the Royal Bank of Scotland finally ran out of credit and crashed over the weekend. The bank had been burning white hot profits from leveraged loan buyouts and acquisitions of enormous scale.
The speed of the RBS rescue plan underlines the depth of concern in official circles over the Edinburgh group’s finances.
Fears that RBS (down 31p to 65p) could run out of cash if wholesale lending markets remain shut have wiped over £30billion off the bank’s shares this week alone.
The government will get 60 percent of the bank in return for $35B, which we will consider as cash raised.
The bank survived revolutions, the Great Depression, and two world wars, but finally succumbed to the credit crunch. The banks current and final CEO, Fred Goodwin, reined in an age when competition is sin and self centered greed is virtuous.
Can one even wonder why Goodwin began a frantic hunt for the leveraged loan buyouts and subprime-backed loan portfolios as the credit bubble expanded? He spent almost $90B on takeovers since he became CEO in 2000.
Fred Goodwin became Europe’s highest profile casualty of the credit crunch after striking a deal too many at Royal Bank of Scotland
RBS was on Monday forced to get 20 billion pounds ($34.5 billion) in emergency funds. Chief Executive Goodwin stepped down, and Chairman Tom McKillop will follow next year.
Goodwin, a steely Scot, was the longest serving boss of a UK bank after becoming chief executive in 2000, but paid the price for his ill-timed takeover of parts of ABN AMRO last year.
Well, it’s more like “after striking as many deals as he could.” After all, the new capitalist model is to burn the flares at both ends while taking as much as you can and leaving the bank to crash.
Goodwin told you so himself when he said he “had to go some time.” Going is what usually happens to a CEO after a second fund raising. It would be nice to think that being forced out was the price he paid for his ill-timed takeover of parts of ABN AMRO last year, but the reality is that he was paid the price for the ill-timed acquisition. We mentioned this before.
The buy out of ABN was a botch to begin with, it made no sense except to the ones directly involved with the fees, royalties and sundry of other payoffs and kick backs, all quite legal if not proper I assure you. Show me the directors and insiders who benefited from them and I’ll show you who’s protecting Goodwin. But Mr. Goodwin well knows that a CEO is just the right rank for a patsy, high enough to quench blood thirst of angry shareholders and draw the attention of investigators, while low enough to give up with out skipping a beat.
Goodwin’s dream was to take as much as he could. He did just that.
Goodwin, who became the U.K.’s most highly paid CEO after the 24 billion-pound acquisition of National Westminster Bank Plc in 2000, has waived his right to bonuses and compensation for early termination of his contract and won’t receive about 1.2 million pounds for forfeiting his 12-month notice period, spokesman Carolyn McAdam said. He will continue to draw his salary until Hester takes over, helping the bank sell assets, reduce jobs and lessen its dependence on capital markets funding.
He should have returned bonuses from the heyday of the bubble, which is when he really should have been fired. Instead, management slams the door on an empty barn and Goodwin et al. make off with billions:
RBS is in advanced talks with two buyers to sell its insurance business, Goodwin said on today’s call. He didn’t say how much the bank may get for the business. The company also is looking at selling parts of businesses, assets and buildings to bolster its capital, Goodwin said.
2008-08-10 – Loss:
The Royal Bank of Scotland gave its second quarter 2008 results Friday and did something it had never done before. After 40 years in business, RBS reported its first loss loss, a record $55.3B. The bank also took $11.3B in write-downs. We were unable to determine total Level 3 assets, but the bank’s SFAS 159 comes in at $1.6B.
It said Friday that the charges were partly offset by a gain of 812 million pounds from the changing value of its own debt.
Here’s the tally thus far:
Write-Downs/Charge-Offs: $3.6B + 11.3B = $14.9B
Cash Raised: $24B
Level III Assets $0.0
Loan Loss Reserves: $2.84B
We now sum all the distresses to get Royal Bank of Scotland’s current Misery Index of $41.73B. <>
2008-06-15 – Victory:
Royal Bank of Scotland declared victory from the right issue it announced last week. The bank raised $24bn of new capital. the $24 billion is already accounted for in our tally.
2008-06-06- Geting More More More:
RBS announced a rights issue, this week. The capital is meant to shore up a balance sheet battered by the battle over ABN Amro acquisition, and after massive write-downs on credit investments.
2008-06-04 – Raided:
Is the Royal Bank of Scotland beyond the long reach of the royal law? We may have an answer from an announcement that Britain’s version of the SEC, the Office of Fair Trading (OFT), raided the bank 13 days ago:
Barclays Plc and Royal Bank of Scotland Group Plc were raided by the U.K. antitrust regulator as part of an investigation into the price of loans to accountants, lawyers and other professional services firms.
The two banks were visited 12 days ago, Corinne Gladstone, a spokeswoman from the Office of Fair Trading said in an interview today. London-based Barclays said it approached the OFT with information about “inappropriate” contacts with one department in exchange for leniency on March 17.
Maybe we can start a count of the number of years in prison sentences for bank officials. <>
2008-05-14 – Outrageous:
Royal Bank of Scotland’s proposed rights issue was formally approved yesterday for $24B. The bank reminds me of a snake eating its own tail — this band aid can’t begin to stop the gushing from wounds opened by the acquisition of Dutch bank ABN Amro and the US subprime mortgage market. It was a forced move which only further fattens its usurers and elites, but delays the inevitable fatal hemorrhage.
In addition to the $3.6B in write-downs, we now count $24B in raised capital.
2008-04-22 – Unrighteous:
Royal Bank of Scotland first denied, then delayed, and finally confessed to the outrageous rights issue announced today:
Although the bank said at its annual results last month that it did not plan any significant asset sales, analysts at Cazenove said in a note this week that they expected the bank’s managers to pursue a number of other small disposals.
Forcing investors in Royal Bank of Scotland to come to grips with the most dilutive issue in the bank’s history:
Britain’s second largest bank will record write-downs of $11.7 billion and raise $23.9 billion in new capital to cover exposure to toxic U.S. loans
Royal Bank of Scotland wants to make sure everyone knows that the acquisition of Dutch rival ABN Amro has nothing to do with laying off 200 staff members of it’s global banking and markets business this week.
A spokesman for RBS refused to comment on changes to its workforce but said: “Most global financial institutions are reviewing their business in light of the current market conditions and we’re no exception”
I don’t believe you, but I don’t blame you either. In a world where ”competition is sin” according to David Rockefeller how could you resist the take down of your primary rival at the cost of only two hundred staffers?
About a month after the Royal Bank of Scotland reported earnings, someone noticed something funny, staggering actually:
Royal Bank of Scotland’s portfolio of mortgage-backed securities more than doubled to about £68.3bn last year after it led the consortium that bought the Dutch bank ABN Amro.
The nail biting is over as the results and consensus are in. And, the initial conclusion from most analysts was that RBS’s figures were far from reassuring.
If Sir Fred Goodwin had hoped the publication of a full set of audited results would help ease the stock market’s concerns about Royal Bank of Scotland’s performance, he will have been disappointed.
RBS came in with a pretax profit for the year to Dec 31 2007 of £7.3B ($14.5B), up 9 pct compared with the previous year, exclusive of earnings of businesses acquired from Dutch rival ABN Amro. The bank also raised its total dividend for 2007 to 33.2 pence per share, an increase of 10 pct. But the results could not deflect attention from the bank’s larger-than-expected write-downs stemming from the U.S. subprime housing crisis. Those write-downs of £1.6B ($3.2B) are due largely to a £456M ($904M) write-down on its exposure to U.S. bond insurers after they were hit by a rating downgrade.
The banks remaining exposure is listed as £8.8B ($13.4B) in commercial mortgages, £2.5B ($3.8B) to bond insurers, and a leveraged loan portfolio of £8.8B ($13.4B). Regarding that portfolio:
Johnny Cameron, head of RBS’s Global Markets business, stressed that – in the case of the bank’s £8.8bn leveraged loan portfolio – the writedowns reflected mark-to-market valuations that did not reflect the quality of the underlying loans. “We and most banks are unwilling to sell at a price that is quite wrong based on fundamentals,” he said.
Well… just because your level three assets fall short of the hoped-for value doesn’t mean that value is closer to their true worth in the long run. Indeed, even leveraged loans are pretty questionable right about now. Also, we will certainly see other write-downs worthy of immediate mark-down but not counted today. We will generously count the estimated write-down of $1.9B made only 48 hours ago against the actual of $3.6B. So RBS missed the mark by $1.7B.
Royal Bank of Scotland is set to report full fear 2007 earnings on Thursday, February 28, after market close. The company is reportedly like a confident athlete who expects a great performance before a championship match. And since earnings season has come to this, we will likely see a grand performance from the bank and CEO Sir Fred Goodwin.
Goodwin and his boardroom colleagues are relaxed about RBS’s financial health … barring a stomach-churning deterioration in the credit markets…
For much of the troubled year, turmoil swirled around everything from a rights issue to speculation about the bank’s low capital ratios, damaged in the take-down of Dutch bank ABN Amro last year. Through it all, the bank remained mum until December:
Last December RBS took a GBP 950 million, or roughly $1.9 billion, write down on its mortgage holdings, which was less than the market was expecting, and said that it expected to produce an operating profit and earnings per share “well ahead of market consensus.”
RBS said that net of hedges and writedowns, it had GBP 1.1 billion (or roughly $2.2 billion) of high grade CDOs containing commercial loan collateral, prime and subprime mortgage collateral, as well as GBP 1.3 billion (or roughly $2.6 billion) of exposure to “mezzanine CDOs based predominantly on residential mortgage collateral.” RBS marked the high grade CDOs at 90% of face value, and the mezzanine CDOs at 70% of face value, citing “outputs from our proprietary model, market data, and prudent valuation adjustments.”
Only RBS knows exactly what securities it owns, and the market price can vary dramatically. But a source on a Wall Street trading desk (who is not commenting on RBS specifically), says that in general, the high-grade CDOs are worth between 35 cents on the dollar and 75 cents on the dollar, and the mezzanine CDOs are worth between 10 cents to 50 cents on the dollar. That would imply substantial addition writedowns for RBS.
It is from this potential write-down that the bank will use all of its championship skills to deflect investors’ attention. First it will announce a record profit above £10.3B ($20.3B), up from £9.4B ($18.5B) last year. Any revelations of further losses on bad credit lines will offset that with a whopping 5% increase annual payout.
RBS is expected to announce about £400m ($0.7B) of additional write-downs stemming from its exposures to investments affected by the US sub-prime lending crisis. But the profit rise will still represent an increase of some 10% year on year.
Will Royal Bank of Scotland prevail Thursday or be upset? The only sure thing is that no one will remember if all that 90% rated junk (exposure) turns out to be 35% or less.
So, we begin our tally with the $1.9B it announced in December and look for another $700M on Thursday.
Posted in other implodes | 3 Comments »
3 Responses to “Royal Bank of Scotland”
I know that the RBS scandal is long past and that Fred ‘the shred’ has cashed in and gone but the effects still linger. I live in Helsinki where banks are still considered as monuments to sobriety but my memories of how scary it was when RBS tottered still plays on my mind when I husband my dwindling resources at Sampo her in Helsinki. It could happen here too. It could happen anywhere.
By David miller on Mar 29, 2011
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Apr 18, 2008: Bank-Implode! » Calling All Cash
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rossgrady.org
so long, tumblr
TWO BLOCKS FROM OUR HOUSE OMG
I only recently discovered that Electrical Audio has a kind of sparsely populated YouTube channel on which Lovable Gnome Steve Albini lays down the serious recording science. It’s adorkable.
Maggie is downstairs working out, which can mean only one thing for the stereo up here. Amirite, @gnomesafety ?
Breakfast Sandwiches of Durham.
We’re watching Kurosawa’s _Scandal_ because it has a New Year’s Eve scene, but it also has this bonus 2020-appropriate content.
Steve Holmes on Inventory Day
Tom Benson on I wear the Antifascist Circle explicitly in opposition to the fascist who is about to occupy the White House
Annette on The state of state legislative races, 5 weeks out
Mike on Concrete things you can do to fix NC politics
Chris Calloway on Concrete things you can do to fix NC politics
October 7, 2014 rossgrady
It always takes a little while, at the start of every recruiting season, to calibrate one’s level of empathy such that you don’t wind up passing folks on to the next interview when you know they’re just going to fail it miserably. I feel like that calibration process is actually happening more quickly this year, at least.
What happened today? I listened to the latest YOB and liked it better than the other ones I’ve listened to previously. So that’s at least one metal album that I’m into this year.
The Supreme Court refused to hear a bunch of different appeals of lower court rulings striking down anti-same-sex marriage laws, which means that in those jurisdictions, those laws remain null & void. But what that means for the rest of the country remains unclear. Meanwhile, it’s all but certain that the Roberts Court is going to screw us all over in myriad other ways, including more attempted gutting of the Affordable Care Act.
Dinner was an excellent gumbo at Geer St. Garden. The evening has involved watching computer science lectures on YouTube and struggling with which microphone to use for an online videoconference. All investment in the future; precious little payoff in the present. Oh well. We’ll always have YOB.
It always takes a little while, at the start of every recruiting season, to calibrate one’s level of empathy such that you don’t wind up passing folks on to the...
October 7, 2014 →
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Kudos for Sweeney, both real and fake
Posted By Michael Symons On July 29, 2011 @ 12:00 pm In Uncategorized | Comments Disabled
It’s a big day for recognition for Stephen Sweeney — both the real Senate president and his fake Twitter handle.
Sweeney was named by Philadelphia Magazine in its “Best of Philly 2011” as its “Politician Who’s Ahead of the Curve.”
“The president of the New Jersey State Senate has been pushing for shared municipal services for a decade, long before this became a buzz phrase in state funding crises. When will we listen?”
The website Politico, meanwhile, last night posted its annual ‘50 Politicos to Watch [1]‘ list for 2011. Among the ‘top tweeters [2],’ and the winner in the ‘fake politician category’ is @SenSweeney [3], which skewers Sweeney (with lots of typos due to “these ironworker sausage fingers”) and anyone in his sights.
“The parody-politician Twitter category is crowded, especially since the success of @MayorEmanuel, the doppelgänger that followed Rahm Emanuel on the campaign trail, then vanished and was outed as the work of a Chicago journalism professor who snagged a book deal. But @SenSweeney, created in March to razz the Democratic president of the New Jersey state Senate, is really coming into his own. The real Sweeney has been in the news lately for seeming to turn against his onetime ally Gov. Chris Christie: “I want to punch him in his head,” the senator, who is not on Twitter, told a columnist. @SenSweeney’s shtick generally consists of mocking Sweeney’s blue-collar pretensions, machine politics and distaste for liberals. Sample tweet, directed at a national progressive group that targeted Sweeney: “Hey, everybody, I’m gonna eat some native american food in my kimono tonight w a sherpa. whpo’s progressive now, f—-ers?” Another sample tweet, directed at Christie’s official account: “@GovChristie Lissen here, tubs. You keep this s—- uip and we’re gonna pass a tax on cheeseburgers. Now pipe down.” New Jersey sources say the author’s identity is a mystery.”
URL to article: http://blogs.app.com/capitolquickies/2011/07/29/kudos-for-sweeney-both-real-and-fake/
[1] 50 Politicos to Watch: http://www.politico.com/50-politicos-to-watch-2011/
[2] top tweeters: http://www.politico.com/news/stories/0711/59944.html
[3] @SenSweeney: http://twitter.com/#!/SenSweeney
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November 2012 Blog Posts (32)
Blues jazz guitarist Mickey Baker has died at 87
RIP Mickey Baker Gone But Not Forgotten!
Mickey Baker died near Toulouse, France, aged 87. Mickey Baker, also known as Mickey "Guitar" Baker (October 15, 1925 – November 27, 2012) was an American guitarist. He is widely held to be a critical force in the bridging of rhythm and blues and rock and roll, along with Bo Diddley, Ike Turner, and Chuck Berry. He was…
Added by Michael Limnios Blues Network on November 28, 2012 at 2:00pm — No Comments
Artist Rosemary Marchetta talks about her experience at River City Reunion, and her anniversary project
"Anyone that feels they want to make art should make art."
Rosemary Marchetta: Nostalgia for an era gone by...…
Photographer Robert Altman talks about his amazing career, the sixties, Tim Leary, Jagger and Taj Mahal
"The bright light is that the history we created made indelible changes in the hearts and minds of millions."
Robert Altman: Images of Love, Peace and Trips
Robert Mark Altman is an American…
Added by Michael Limnios Blues Network on November 25, 2012 at 11:30pm — No Comments
Writer/astrologer Helen Weaver talks about Kerouac, Ginsberg, Corso and her awakening in Greece
"it was in Greece that I had my spiritual awakening. It was something about the light. The light and the colors..."
Helen Weaver: The Awakener
Helen Weaver was born in 1931 in Madison, Wisconsin and grew up…
Guitarist Rob Zolezzi (aka Robby Z) talks about Otis Rush, Shane Dwight, and his Blues experience
"Blues music originated from natural sounds... trains, horses and such. It is basic and real. It is what much music is based on today."
Rob Zolezzi: Fire on the axe…
Added by Michael Limnios Blues Network on November 25, 2012 at 11:00am — No Comments
East Coaster Albert Cummings talks about Double Trouble, Jim Gaines, Texas Blues; and his own paths
"I think the blues was the beginning of all music we know today. It is a music that can’t be faked."
Albert Cummings:
Blues makes you feel good !…
Artist Alex M. Bustillo, an inspiring/audacious creative artist talks about philosophie, literature and music
"Art is the way we read a feeling with the tools that we have."
Alex M. Bustillo: Artistic synesthesia
Alex M. Bustillo is an international artist par excellence. Born in Miami, Florida and…
Conversation with Beat Poet ruth weiss about the Cellar, Blues, Jazz, Sappho, Beats, and Poetry
"When I look into the past – All Seems to Fit into ITS RIGHT TIMING"
ruth weiss:
The Goddess of the Beat…
Gtr Virtuoso Jennifer Batten Interviewed TUESDAY On Code Bleu Radio Show
"CODE BLEU" FM / ONLINE SOUL-ROCK RADIO SHOW is featuring exclusive interview with Jennifer Batten (formerly of Michael Jackson & Jeff Beck's groups)
********TUNE IN NEXT TUESDAY FOR THE 5TH ANNUAL JIMI HENDRIX B-DAY BROADCAST FEATURING SPECIAL IN-STUDIO GUESTS (among them former Hendrix sideman) & LIVE IN-STUDIO JAM SESSION********
Every TUESDAY afternoon from 1-3:45pm EST on 89.1 FM WFDU, spinning the finest in…
Added by Jimy Bleu on November 20, 2012 at 12:30am — No Comments
Record producer/writer Joe Boyd talks about the "White Bicycles" and the music of past and present days
"My productions try to sound warm and real, with a listener able to imagine a live performance happening around them with nothing added."
Joe Boyd: Making Real Music
Joe Boyd is a record and film producer. Born in Boston in 1942,…
An Interview with Minneapolis band of Lone Crows: An unique brand of catastrophic Rock to the Blues feeling
"Blues is about a feeling and that feeling is something everyone who's ever lived has had."
The Lone Crows:
Blues on the "City of Lakes"…
An Interview with writer/blogger Levi Asher of Literary Kicks, one of the earliest popular literary websites
"The music scenes in “On The Road” are some of the best scenes in the book. This is jazz itself, captured in prose."
Levi Asher: Literary Kicks
Levi Asher, born Marc…
New Yorker Dave Fields talks about Hubert Sumlin, Big Apple's blues scene and his own music paths
"I hear people try to copy it today but it’s hard. The Chess played the way they lived. Times have changed. Music today reflects that."
Dave Fields: Blues Detonation in Big Apple
Dave Fields has…
Greek American writer Stephanie Nikolopoulos talks about Kerouac, David Amram, Jazz, and Beat family
"The legacy of the Beats is their words! Their honest, beautiful words set down on paper, giving comfort and hope to many."
Stephanie Nikolopoulos: Burning Furiously Beautiful
Stephanie Nikolopoulos is…
The Blues Foundation presents the Keeping the Blues Alive (KBA) Awards 2013
2013 KBA Award winners anounced!
The Blues Foundation will honor 15 individuals and organizations with its 2013 Keeping the Blues Alive (KBA) Awards during a recognition luncheon Friday, February 1, 2013, in Memphis, Tennessee. Each year, The Blues Foundation presents the KBA Awards to individuals and organizations that have made…
Louisiana based musician Peter Novelli talks about Dr. John, Sonny Landreth, Augie Meyers, and NOLA
"Louisiana roots music is special; it has a feel that doesn’t exist anywhere else. Louisiana has so many true legends in music."
Peter Novelli: Spicy NOLA Gumbo…
Vancouver’s bluesman James ‘Buddy’ Rogers talks about his blues buddies and Canadian scene
"Open up and realize Blues is universal and not boring, sad, and rough around the edge whiskey voice music."
James "Buddy" Rogers: Me and my guitar
Most blues musicians can proudly recall…
Playwright of "Beat" Paavo Hall talks about Kerouac, Burroughs, Ginsberg, Snyder, and Clellan-Holmes
"A beat motto and what I've learned from the Beats would be: When the going gets weird, procrastinate."
Paavo Hall: The Beat Odyssey
Yale playwright Paavo Hall was born in Bamberg,…
New Yorker Wildcat O'Halloran talks about Bo Diddley, Albert Collins, New England's scene and his band
"Blues helps us deal with the ups and downs of life...well, ain't that kind of like what a religion does?"
Wildcat O' Halloran: NY Bluezism
Hottest guitar-driven high-energy blues band ever to come out…
An Interview with Texan Aaron Burton: The musical heritage of Texas through the prism of the folk blues
"Life - I believe everyone has experiences that could be put to music."
Aaron Burton: Old recipe of blues
Aaron Burton is a young Texan guitarist, mandolinist, and…
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Boy Scout kept momentum for road sign from flagging - News Journal
I first heard about it in 2008," Chris said, when he and his dad went to a Brandywine Hundred oral history event hosted by County Councilman Bob Weiner and James Hanby Sr., a magistrate and preservation activist.
By then, Weiner had put in a proposal for the sign, as had the Department of Special Services. But they sat idle as Chris, of Troop 67 and Springer Middle School, made the naming his project for a Community merit badge.
Boy Scout kept momentum for road sign from flagging
A decades-old idea became reality Sunday with the help of a Boy Scout who, along the way, got a lesson not only in Delaware history and heritage, but also in the inertia of government.
At the unveiling of a sign marking the lane to Talley Day Park and the Brandywine Hundred Library as J. Harlan Day Drive, Chris Durgin, 13, was hailed as "the Scout who made it happen."
The idea to name the road for Day, who sold the land for the park to the county, began with the 1975 sale, and was revived when Day died in 1981.
"I first heard about it in 2008," Chris said, when he and his dad went to a Brandywine Hundred oral history event hosted by County Councilman Bob Weiner and James Hanby Sr., a magistrate and preservation activist.
County Executive Paul G. Clark said the sign idea was brought to his attention when he took office and he immediately approved its installation.
No explanation has surfaced for why the idea took 36 years.
"It shouldn't have taken so long," Clark said, adding the sign honoring the historic Day family is the start of more recognition. A local history section soon will be created in the library, he said.
Hanby, the master of ceremonies at Sunday's unveiling, praised the teen -- whose great-grandfather's name is on the sign.
"Through this whole process, Chris has kept everyone's feet to the fire," Hanby said. "He has contacted numerous elected officials at both the state and county level to get this project completed. When others of us let it drop off the radar screen, it was Chris who again brought focus to the mission we here today are completing."
Octogenarian John William Day Sr., son of the sign's namesake, said there were times he didn't think he'd live to see the sign. "I'm very happy," he said, shaking Chris's hand. "Thank you."
John Day's friend John Stewart, 82, said, "I love it. ... Mr. Day would be so proud, he really would."
But John Day gazed at the sign and said, "Mabel. It should have said 'Mabel and J. Harlan Day Drive.' My mother sacrificed just as much as my father did."
Write to robin brown at The News Journal, Box 15505, Wilmington, DE 19850; fax 324-5509; call 324-2856; or e-mail rbrown@delawareonline.com.
"Bob's commitment to the communities he represents is clearly evident and we are fortunate to enjoy his services."
President, Liftwood Estates Civic Association
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Category Archives: Romantic Comedy
Contemporary Romance – Hollywood Heartbreaker
Hollywood Heartbreaker
Hollywood Name Game, Book 1
By Alexa Aston
ASIN: B08BK8BP75
Genre: Contemporary Romance, Romantic Comedy
Formats Available For Review: pdf, mobi, epub
From internationally bestselling romance author Alexa Aston comes a stunning new Contemporary Romance series. Book One in the exciting Hollywood Name Game series has arrived. Read for FREE with Kindle Unlimited!
Being late to an interview lands her the biggest job opportunity of her life.
He may be rich and successful—but he’s just this side of miserable.
Can a wannabe be The One for the biggest star in Hollywood?
Cassie Carroll came to Hollywood with big dreams that never materialized. Acting isn’t even on the back burner anymore—it’s completely off the stove. Working for a third-rate agent, Cassie hopes to land a new job that will give her credibility, as well as help pay the rent. Late to her interview, she swerves to avoid hitting a dog—and totals the car of Hollywood’s leading action superstar. Surprisingly, she walks away from their encounter with a job—as the sexiest man alive’s personal assistant.
Rhett Corrigan is bored with the movies he makes and the drop-dead gorgeous model he’s dating. He’s afraid that Hollywood has typecast him—and that he’ll never be able to break out of his action mold and try new acting challenges. When Cassie Carroll literally slams into his life, she brings a breath of fresh air and common sense to his world. She pushes him to be a better actor and a better man.
Can these friends become lovers—and can their love survive—in a tabloid-happy town that thrives on rumors and backstabbing?
Hollywood Heartbreaker is the first book in the Hollywood Name Game series. Each book in the series is a standalone story that can be enjoyed out of order.
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Romantic Comedy – The Detective and the Burglar
The Detective and the Burglar
Calendar Men of King Court, Book 2
By Kirsten Paul
Publisher: The Wild Rose Press
ASIN: B089P3B7RQ
Formats Available For Review: epub/ebook, mobi, pdf
Former burglar on demand, Emily Atterberry has left her life of crime behind. Or so she thinks until she stumbles on a piece of her past holding clues to her biological family’s identity. She feels guilty but steals it, hoping it will lead to the answers she is searching for. Detective Armand Lecavalier is investigating recent luxury car thefts and is convinced Emily knows more than she’s saying. He needs to find out what she knows to prove to the big-time police precincts he’s more than just a small-town officer. Thrown together, Emily and Armand find it hard to remain professional. All they want to do is have fun—with and without handcuffs. But can Armand look past his code of conduct for love or is Emily facing time behind bars?
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Contemporary Romance – All In
By Fallon O’Donahue
ASIN: B01KSUD8J6
Formats Available For Review: Kindle, PDF, mobi, epub
They say love is blind.
It’s been two long years since Maddox Paul walked out of the office and out of Cassidy Moore’s life. Since then she’s been languishing under a boss from hell and untangling herself from an unrequited crush on her old boss.
But now he’s back, and so are all the old feelings and insecurities she thought she’d let go of. It doesn’t help that Maddox is utterly clueless and confusing things by crossing boundaries he doesn’t even know exist.
How does girl move on when the only one she can think about is right there all the time?
Maddox isn’t as oblivious to how Cass feels about him as she thinks, but he knows she’s good at compartmentalizing those feelings. From day one, they’d had a special connection, and he doesn’t know what he would’ve done without her all these years.
It’s more than a work relationship. She’s his rock. He loves her, just not in that way…
Fallon O’Donahue
Email: contactme@fallonodonahue.com
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Romantic Comedy – California Dreamers
California Dreamers
The Complete Series
By Dakota Madison
Publisher: Short on Time Books
ASIN: B01HVZRVM6
Formats Available For Review: pdf, epub, mobi, Kindle
Four hot boyfriend books in one fun collection.
California Dreamers: The Complete Series includes four interconnecting romantic comedy novellas by USA TODAY Bestselling Author Dakota Madison.
(Not So) Good in a Room
A modern reimagining of Cyrano de Bergerac set in LA.
After being at the center of a sex scandal that made national headlines a former nanny tries to rebuild her life by becoming a personal assistant to a reclusive writer.
Beautiful Abyss
A struggling actor on the verge of breaking into the business falls for a girl who works at a local nursery. She has a secret she’s desperate to keep, but he’s just as eager to find out what it is.
When a police recruit reports for duty he discovers his wild one-night stand from the previous weekend is his new field training officer.
Karen Mueller Bryson
Email: karen.bryson@shortontimebooks.com
Website: http://www.karenmuellerbryson.com
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/KarenMuellerBrysonAuthor/
Romantic Comedy/Chick-Lit – A Man of Character
A Man of Character
By Margaret Locke
Publisher: Locked On Love Publishing
ASIN: B00W5XV2I4
Genre: Romantic Comedy, Chick-Lit, Paranormal Romance
Formats Available For Review: mobi, pdf
Thirty-five-year-old Catherine Schreiber has shelved love for good. Keeping her ailing bookstore afloat takes all her time, and she’s perfectly fine with that. So when several men ask her out in short order, she’s not sure what to do…especially since something about them seems eerily familiar.
A startling revelation – that these men are fictional characters she’d created and forgotten years ago – forces Cat to reevaluate her world and the people in it. Because these characters are alive. Here. Now. And most definitely in the flesh.
Her best friend, Eliza, a romance novel junkie craving her own Happily Ever After, is thrilled by the possibilities. The power to create Mr. Perfect – who could pass that up? But can a relationship be real if it’s fiction? Caught between fantasy and reality, Cat must decide which—or whom—she wants more.
Blending humor with unusual twists, including a magical manu, a computer scientist in shining armor, and even a Regency ball, A Man of Character tells a story not only of love, but also of the lengths we’ll go for friendship, self-discovery, and second chances.
Margaret Locke
Email: AuthorMargaretLocke@gmail.com
Website: http://margaretlocke.com
Facebook: http://www.facebook.com/AuthorMargaretLocke
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Instagram: http://www.instagram.com/lockedonlove
Pinterest: http://www.pinterest.com/Margaret_Locke
Twitter: http://www.twitter.com/Margaret_Locke
[scrapeazon asin="B00W5XV2I4" height=400 width=500 border=0]
Romance, Humor, Women’s Fiction – Matched In Heaven
Matched In Heaven
By Angela Page
Publisher: Caliburn Press
ASIN: B0161XSE9I
Genre: Romance, Humor, Romantic Comedy
Formats Available For Review: pdf, epub, mobi
Jake and Mimi are dead and riddled with guilt. They both left their spouses, Samantha and Sydney, back on Earth with young children and many complications.
Now in Heaven, Jake and Mimi join a support group that includes a celestial matchmaking service for their partners on Earth. They quarrel while negotiating a May/December romance for their spouses. A match is made in Heaven with the help of the support group leader, Marcel, a former disgraced priest, and Carmella, a new arrival and former psychic.
The Earthly couple embarks on a passionate, whirlwind romance with dramatic consequences. But when the match looks doomed both Marcel and Jake are in competition to become Samantha’s’ next Earthly suitors. They plead their case with the spiritual authorities to be reincarnated. Who will win and how do they deal with a third suitor?
**Also, remember you are receiving free copies of the books in exchange for a review. Authors work hard to release great titles and if you do request a copy please don’t forget to leave a review on Amazon (preferably) and/or GoodReads, or your on your blog or publication. Remember when posting the review to Amazon please include the following phrase “I received a free copy of this book in exchange for an honest review” in order to comply with Amazon.com’s terms of service.
[scrapeazon asin="B0161XSE9I" height=400 width=500 border=0]
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source: libcaca/trunk/COPYING.LGPL @ 1868
Changed the licensing to WTFPL, as per all copyright holders' permission.
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That's all there is to it!
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Ravens release Thomas after on-field altercation
OWINGS MILLS, Md. — The Baltimore Ravens are abruptly parting ways with seven-time Pro Bowl safety Earl Thomas two days after an on-field altercation with teammate Chuck Clark, the team announced.
The Ravens announced they had terminated his contract for personal conduct that has adversely affected the team. The Ravens are expected to try to void his $10 million guaranteed salary this season. It is expected the safety will file a grievance.
A source told ESPN’s Adam Schefter that Thomas punched Clark during Friday’s practice.
Thomas posted on his Instagram story 21 minutes after the Ravens officially announced his release.
“Appreciate the Ravens organization for the opportunity,” he wrote. “Had a great run .. Wish things would have ended different but you live and you learn. Thank you [Ravens GM] Eric DeCosta and everyone else who played a role in bringing him to B-More. Wish you guys the best.”
Thomas, 31, was sent home Friday and has not returned to the Ravens’ facility since his on-field altercation with Clark. This was the second fiery exchange with a teammate for Thomas, who confronted nose tackle Brandon Williams after a loss to Cleveland 11 months ago. Thomas also missed or was late to several meetings throughout his 17 months in Baltimore, a source added.
The Dallas Cowboys are the leading contender to sign him, sources told Schefter.
The Ravens wanted to split from Thomas so badly that they are willing to take a major financial hit and move forward without a proven replacement for him. They will take a $15 million salary-cap hit for releasing him, unless they are able to void his $10 million guaranteed salary this season for conduct detrimental to the team. If the Ravens can avoid paying him the guaranteed money, Thomas will count $5 million against the cap this season and $10 million next year.
Without Thomas, the Ravens are inexperienced at free safety. DeShon Elliott, a 2018 sixth-round pick, is expected to step in for Thomas for now. The Ravens like his aggressiveness and upside, but Elliott has been limited to six games in two NFL seasons because of injuries.
This marks the second tumultuous divorce for Thomas. His nine years in Seattle ended with him extending a middle finger to Seahawks coach Pete Carroll while being carted off the field with a leg injury. A little over a year and a half ago, the Ravens were lauded for luring Thomas away from his verbal agreement with the Kansas City Chiefs and signing him to a four-year, $55 million deal, the largest given to a defensive player in franchise history.
Thomas reached the Pro Bowl in his first and only season in Baltimore, but he struggled mightily at times. He gave up on an 88-yard touchdown run by Cleveland Browns running back Nick Chubb in Week 4 and then got stiff-armed by Tennessee Titans running back Derrick Henry in the playoffs.
The breaking point came Friday in the team’s fourth training camp practice of the year. After Thomas blew a coverage, Clark angrily ripped off his helmet and threw it to the ground. Thomas then punched Clark, a source said. Both players were separated by teammates and coaches. It’s unusual for two players in the same position group to fight.
That led to Baltimore parting ways with one of its biggest stars three weeks before the start of the regular season.
Original article: https://www.espn.com/nfl/story/_/id/29723620/sources-ravens-cut-trade-earl-thomas-dispute
UFC on ESPN 15 rookie report: Grading the newcomers in Las Vegas
Ravens RELEASE Earl Thomas
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The most comprehensive guide to the Fifty Shades of Grey filming and books locations.
Fifty Shades Locations Guide
The Fifty Shades of Grey book trilogy is set in the beautiful Pacific Northwest cities of Portland, Oregon, and Seattle, Washington. When Universal made the first movie filming was primarily done in Vancouver B.C., with secondary scenery filmed in Seattle, Washington. For Fifty Shades Darker and Fifty Shades Freed the filming was again mostly in Vancouver BC, but also included Whistler BC, and the south of France. This book takes you to locations used from all three of the books and movie filming. It leads you to real life and fictional places from the story, and their movie-magic stand-ins. It also includes links to Google Maps of the cities so you can easily navigate the locations.
Portland and Seattle Book Locations
Explore the Heathman Hotel & Bainbridge Cove
We take you through Portland and Seattle landmarks within the books including the Heathman Hotel, Voodoo Donuts and Bainbridge Cove.
All 3 Movie Locations
Explore downtown Vancouver BC plus the Gastown District and Stanley Park.
Jog along the same streets as Christian Grey. Ride the ferry along the same route as The Grace. Visit the south of France just like Christian and Ana.
City Maps With Locations Marked
Visit Portland~Seattle~Vancouver BC
Follow the maps for each city to all the Fifty Shades Locations.
"This is the most comprehensive guide to the book and filming locations ever created!"
Lisa Fish, 50ShadesGirlPortland.com
Click an image to view details.
Discover locations from the book and film
The Fifty Shades of Grey trilogy is set in the beautiful Pacific Northwest cities of Portland, Oregon, and Seattle, Washington. When Universal made the first movie, filming was primarily done in Vancouver B.C., with secondary scenery filmed in Seattle, Washington. This book takes you to locations in all three cities, visiting sites from the books and movie filming. It leads you to real life and fictional places from the story, and their movie-magic stand-ins. It also includes links to Google Maps of the cities with marked locations. I hope you have a fun time visiting the places featured in the books, and seeing how they became new locations for the movie.
Copyright 50ShadesGirlPortland.com since 2015.
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Download X-Men: First Class 2011 movie free
In 1962, the United States government enlists the help of Mutants with superhuman abilities to stop a malicious dictator who is determined to start world war III.
My position that it's a great movie I enjoyed it, it's a little different than most films of this type and of course worth watching. The movie is remarkable, and I think producers did fantastic work with it! It may be a little confusing at first and maybe throughout for some but I'm urging you to stick it out and finish the movie. You will 100% be glad you did. Film length : 132 minutes. Movie rating is high: 7.8. Watch and download X-Men: First Class online for free.
X-Men: First Class was produced in 2011 and belongs to Action genre. I spent a lot of time to collect all these free links to this movie. Famous actors as James McAvoy, Jennifer Lawrence, Michael Fassbender made the movie really good.
Cam - A Cam is a copy ripped in a cinema using a camcorder or mobile phone. The sound source is the built in mic. Cam rips can really quick uploaded online after the initial preview of the film. The picture quality ranges from subpar to adequate, based on the person of people making the rec and the resolution of the camera being used. The main disadvantage of this is the sound. The mic does not only record sounds from the movie, but also the background sound in the room. The camera can also record everything and audio of the audience in the room, for example, when someone stands up unexpectedly, or when the audience laughs at a funny moment in the film.
Still waiting? Go and begin watching this movie right now. Don't forget to bookmark movie.
Watch "X-Men: First Class" Film.
WEB-DL - This is a file format usually lossless grabbed from a streaming service, such as Netflix, Amazon, Video, Hulu, Crunchyroll, Discovery GO, BBC iPlayer, etc. This is also a movie or TV series saved via an online hosting website, such as iTunes. The pic quality is nice since they are encoded from original video. The video (H.264 or H.265) and audio (AC3/AAC) streams are typically extracted from the iTunes or Amazon Video and then saved into a MKV container without sacrificing quality.
Download Movie "X-Men: First Class".
One of the film streaming industry’s biggest impacts has been on the digital industry, which effectively met its demise with the massive popularization of online content. The rise of file streaming has caused the fall of many DVD rental companies such as Blockbuster. In July 2015 an article from the NY Times posted an great article about Netflix’s DVD services. It said that Netflix is continuing their DVD services with 5.3 million subscribers, which is a significant drop from the previous year. Actually, their streaming services have 65 million subscribers. In a March 2016 study assessing the "Impact of Movie Streaming over traditional DVD Movie Rental" it was found that people do not buy DVD movies nearly as much anymore, if ever, as streaming has filled the market. Watch Movie "X-Men: First Class". Members did not find film quality to be much different between DVD and media streaming. Issues that subscribers believed needed improvement with film streaming included functions of fast forward or rewinding, as well as search functions. The article highlights that the quality of movie streaming as an industry will only make better in time, as ads revenue will continue to soar on a yearly basis throughout the streaming industry, providing incentive for quality content production.
Watch "X-Men: First Class" Full Movie Online.
Blu-ray or Bluray rips being encoded directly from the Blu-ray disc to 1080p or 720p (depending on disc source), and use the x264 codec. They can be ripped from BD25 or BD50 discs (or UHD Blu-ray at higher resolutions). BDRips are from a Blu-ray disc and encoded to a lower resolution from its source (i.e. 1080p to 720p/576p/480p). A BRRip is an already encoded video at an HD resolution (usually 1080p) that is then transcoded to a SD resolution. Watch "X-Men: First Class" Movie BD/BRRip in DVDRip resolution looks better, regardless, because the encode is from a higher quality source. BRRips are only from an HD resolution to a SD resolution whereas BDRips can go from 2160p to 1080p, etc as long as they go downward in resolution of the source disc. Watch "X-Men: First Class" Movie Full BDRip is not a transcode and can fluxate downward for encoding, but BRRip can only go down to SD resolutions as they are transcoded. BD/BRRips in DVDRip resolutions can vary between XviD or x264 codecs (commonly 700 MB and 1.5 GB in size as well as larger DVD5 or DVD9: 4.5 GB or 8.4GB), size fluctuates depending on length and quality of releases, but the higher the size the more likely they use the x264 codec. Download "X-Men: First Class" Movie HDRip.
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Jervois to Receive Environmental Approval to Drill Gold Target in Uganda
By: TheNewswire.com - RSS (Media)
August 13, 2020 at 19:11 PM EDT
- Jervois to receive final environmental approval from the National Environment Management Authority ("NEMA") to drill the CC copper-gold target in the Kilembe area of western Uganda.
- Initial 1,000 metres of core drilling to be completed in compliance with all COVID-19 operational workplace requirements.
- Jervois has mobilised to site and expects drilling to commence within a fortnight.
- Jervois CEO Bryce Crocker temporarily relocates to US to progress the Company's Idaho Cobalt Operations ("ICO"), with BFS due for public release in September 2020 and project financing negotiations continuing.
TheNewswire - 14 August 2020 - Jervois Mining Limited (the "Company" or "Jervois") (ASX:JRV) (TSXV:JRV) (OTC:JRVMF) is pleased to advise it is recommencing drilling activities at its Kilembe area properties in western Uganda following a hiatus during COVID-19 restrictions.
Jervois has been advised by the Government of Uganda that it shall shortly receive the signed environmental approval from NEMA to execute an initial 1,000 metres of diamond core drilling on the CC copper-gold target in the Kilembe area of western Uganda. As detailed in its 26 June 2020 ASX release, Jervois plans to test targets where it recovered high-grade copper-gold rock chip samples at surface, which were also coincidental with gold in soil anomalies. An interpreted structural feature defined from ground magnetics, which is coincident with the surface rock chip and soil samples (see ASX announcement 22 January 2020), will be tested with this drilling. Jervois was previously scheduled to drill these targets in Q1 2020, until COVID-19 field restrictions in Uganda forced demobilisation.
The drilling team has mobilised to site in western Uganda in order to commence drill pad preparations for the commencement of physical drilling, anticipated within two (2) weeks. Work crews have mobilised to the field under registered permits, and in compliance with both Ugandan and Jervois COVID-19 requirements under enhanced safety and health protocols.
The programme will be conducted utilising Jervois' in-country geological professionals and regular East African drilling contractor, whom have safely executed the Company's prior workplans in conjunction with Jervois' ongoing and modified Community Engagement programme. Jervois has implemented strict Standard Operating Procedures ("SOP's") which will be carefully followed by the field teams throughout the drilling.
Whilst COVID-19 impacts continue, Jervois is excited to be restarting activities across its global footprint in a safe and responsible manner. Jervois's Chief Executive Officer, Bryce Crocker, has relocated to the United States for the second half of 2020 to advance financing for the Idaho Cobalt Operations.
On behalf of Jervois Mining Limited,
Bryce Crocker, Chief Executive Officer
Bryce Crocker
bcrocker@jervoismining.com.au
Nathan Ryan
NWR Communications
nathan.ryan@nwrcommunications.com.au
Mob: +61 420 582 887
Disclosure required for TSX-V Regulations
Qualified Person's Statement
The technical content of this news release has been reviewed and approved by Dean Besserer, P.Geol., the GM Exploration for the Company and a Qualified Person as defined by National Instrument 43-101.
Neither TSX Venture Exchange nor its Regulation Services Provider (as that term is defined in policies of the TSX Venture Exchange) accepts responsibility for the adequacy or accuracy of this release.
This news release may contain certain "Forward-Looking Statements" within the meaning of the United States Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 and applicable Canadian securities laws. When used in this news release, the words "anticipate", "believe", "estimate", "expect", "target, "plan", "forecast", "may", "schedule" and other similar words or expressions identify forward-looking statements or information. These forward-looking statements or information may relate to exploration work to be undertaken in Uganda, the reliability of third-party information, and certain other factors or information. Such statements represent the Company's current views with respect to future events and are necessarily based upon a number of assumptions and estimates that, while considered reasonable by the Company, are inherently subject to significant business, economic, competitive, political and social risks, contingencies and uncertainties. Many factors, both known and unknown, could cause results, performance or achievements to be materially different from the results, performance or achievements that are or may be expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements. The Company does not intend, and does not assume any obligation, to update these forward-looking statements or information to reflect changes in assumptions or changes in circumstances or any other events affections such statements and information other than as required by applicable laws, rules and regulations.
Copyright (c) 2020 TheNewswire - All rights reserved.
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Episode 1 also reviewed here: Anime 1st episodes 2018: C
Also known as: Hataraku Saibou
Director: Ken'ichi Suzuki
Writer: Yuuko Kakihara
Original creator: Akane Shimizu
Actor: Akinori Egoshi, Akira Ishida, Anzu Haruno, Aya Endo, Ayako Kawasumi, Chitose Morinaga, Daiki Hamano, Daisuke Ono, Gakuto Kajiwara, Hikaru Akao, Hiroki Maeda, Hiroyuki Yoshino, Junichi Yanagita, Juri Kimura, Kaito Takeda, Kana Hanazawa, Kazuaki Kobayashi, Kikuko Inoue, Kousuke Toriumi, Mai Nakahara, Mamiko Noto, M.A.O, Maria Naganawa, Mariko Higashiuchi, Mikako Komatsu, Nobuhiko Okamoto, Riki Kitazawa, Rikiya Koyama, Saori Hayami, Satoshi Hino, Sho Nogami, Shoya Chiba, Taito Ban, Takahiro Sakurai, Toa Yukinari, Tomo Muranaka, Tomoaki Maeno, Tomokazu Sugita, Yui Ishikawa, Yuichi Nakamura
Keywords: anime, favourite
Website category: Anime 2018
Review date: 25 July 2019
It's genuinely different. (Okay, there's also been stuff like Osmosis Jones, but even so this isn't something you see every day.) It's about the life of the cells in your body. It's a surprisingly lovable combination of fun characters, seriously educational content and ultra-violence.
Firstly, the scientific accuracy. There are points where the show's toned down the gruesomeness of what really happens, but that's just taking things from "insanely" to "very very very". What happens in your body every day is massive death and carnage. Your body contains 37.2 trillion cells, most of which have a lifespan in days even when something hideous doesn't happen to them. (White blood cells might live for about thirteen days, although it varies since there are lots of different kinds of them. Red blood cells for about 120 days and a liver cell for about eighteen months.)
Your initial impressions of this show will probably be:
(a) Red Blood Cell is lovely! The platelets! I want to hug them all.
(b) AMAZING GORE. The white blood cells hunt and kill bad things all day, every day... and they don't use guns. They've got knives. Big ones. (Well, except for Macrophage and her terrifying meat cleavers, mallets, baseball bats, axes, etc. Do not mess with Macrophage. You wouldn't want to, though, since she's sweet and maternal even when battering Staphylococcus bacteria into bloody chunks.) If I had to choose one image to represent this show, it would be serene, sexy Macrophage in the title sequence with her frilly maid outfit, happy smile and hand that's dripping with someone else's blood.
That said, though, the plotting's a bit one-dimensional. The cast are all hard-working cells. They have their own personalities and foibles, but they'll almost always be focused on doing their jobs. (That's even paradoxically true of the baddies, which are similarly fulfilling their function as bacteria or whatever. Cancer's a special case, though.) This restricts the plotting. Almost every episode is A Bad Real Thing That Can Happen To Your Body. The cast's personalities bring a lot of colour and humour to that, but the show, underneath, can be a bit predictable.
It's also possible that specific storylines might connect with you personally. If you have a family member with cancer, for instance, who knows how you'll react to the cancer two-parter? (I will, though, point out that those episodes were praised as "very accurate" by a cancer researcher, Dr. Satoru Otsuka, of the molecular neuro-oncology department of Emory University School of Medicine in Atlanta, Georgia.)
Our heroes include:
1. Red Blood Cell. She's a postal worker, whose job is transporting oxygen around the body. This one, alas, has no sense of direction. However she's also earnest, friendly and absolutely incapable of giving up. Listen out for her adorable little "ooo" in the show's theme song, which is mostly sung by Red Blood Cell and White Blood Cell. (In-character theme songs are the best.)
2. White Blood Cell (a neutrophil). Completely bone-white from head to toe, both in clothes and skin colour. (Except when splattered with blood, which is usually.) Stoic, humourless and devoted to his incredibly violent job, but also very fond of Red Blood Cell. Thinking about it, he's lovable in a dog-like way. Having him around is like knowing a big dangerous dog who's also your best friend and the most loyal, obedient big lunk in the world.
3. Killer T Cell (another kind of white blood cell). A loud, macho soldier. He can be funny as a supporting character, e.g. his bitch fight with NK Cell, but I don't think he works as a protagonist in ep.9. I got a bit bored by that one.
4. Macrophage (yet another kind of white blood cell). Multi-functional, both in the human body and within this show. Her sexy design is both funny and a refreshing change from the overwhelming masculinity of other white blood cells when she's saving them and slaughtering bacteria. However it's also logical and appropriate, since she's also a teacher and protector of young erythroblasts. It's accurate in other ways too. She's tall and wears a big hoop skirt, making her physically larger than other cells... which is true of real macrophages. And she's voiced by Kikuko Inoue.
5. The platelets. Good Lord, they're adorable. My only complaint is that they're not in enough episodes. (They're small children, which again is accurate since platelets really are smaller than other cells.)
The baddies are fun too. They'll all become a gushing blood fountain when White Blood Cell finds them (and he's one of the body's less scary defenders), so it's lucky that they're all outrageous monsters. (Again, with the exception of Cancer.) What's cool, though, is that their appearances are sort of accurate. Do a google image search for pneumococcus, then watch this episode. It fits. They've given it a human form and a face, but you can see the similarity. Ditto for staphylococcus aureus, streptococcus pyogenes, etc. Admittedly their version of pseudomonas aeruginosa is absurd, but it's also amusing in a comedy cartoon way.
As for viruses, they're malevolent balls with bits sticking out (again resembling real viruses), which glue on to cells' heads like evil hats and turn them into zombies. And wait until you see hay fever.
My only quibble is with the numbers. If you represented 37.2 trillion cells as people, that could populate a galaxy. What we see looks town-sized... but you could make it work if you hypothesised that the buildings, roads, etc. must be cells too. If every brick in every building in this show were a cell, that might fix the scale and also make the show a more satisfying model of what's inside your body.
Do I have a favourite episode? Maybe ep.4, for the distress and triumph of Eosinophil? Or maybe ep.6 for the hilariously macho childishness of Killer T Cell and NK Cell? Hell, almost the whole show's fun.
BRILLIANT DISCLAIMER ON THE MANGA: "these are depictions created for this comic, and differ from scientific fact." What, you mean the platelets in my blood don't really look like primary school children and I can't hope that Red Blood Cell and White Blood Cell have pink babies together?
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Enviroments & Wildlife
Forargyll
Forargyll – News and Comment About Argyll and its Communities
New Food Festival in Argyll
New Food Festival in Argyll – Talking about food festival, people might not be as excited about it. Many food festivals adapt similar concept; bringing over food truck or restaurant to crowd point. Sooner or later, people will not be able to enjoy this kind of festival. Is there any new concept to try?
– Friday: Gin & Gym Day
First day of the food festival is opened with a tasty gin. Jura and Lussa brand is the most famous one in the island. Don’t miss your chance to have a sip. There will be a special session to have a closer look on gin making process. If you are lucky, you will get a cup of gin paired with venison and shellfish in juniper style. This experience is guaranteed to be as delicious as winning online poker jackpot in https://multibet88.online.
Looking for something active to do? Then head to Machrie Hotel. The staff will gladly introduce you to Fat Biking Experience. Rest if you are tired. An original roasting coffee shop could be found on your way home. Still want to do some sightseeing? Continue the biking route to beach. After you come back, don’t miss the opportunity to try local food.
– Saturday: Market Day
If there is food, there must be people who want to go shopping. Don’t worry, Argyll food festival get you covered. Market day is split into two locations: Bowmore Square and Harbor Inn. Stalls are opened for costumer from 10 am till 4 pm. Expect to find locally produced vegetable, meat, coffee, seafood, meals and pre cooked foods.
Have you decided to go to Harbor Inn? Then be prepared to get drunk. Here, there will be a parade of tempting beverages. Say all of the names; wine, rum, ale, gin, cocktail; each of them is available. What makes thing more special is the food journalist, who will share mixing tips and demonstrate it for you.
– Sunday: Experience Day
Main course of the day is seafood feast. You will enjoy seafood platter and cuisines. Best local products will be cooked and sold as well. Top star on Sunday will be freshly caught scallops. If you dare, you could pick scallop by yourself.
Where could you find a tour of food for the whole week? Go and try Argyll latest food festival. This year, it was held on Friday to Sunday, 20 to 22 September 2019. Next year it might be held in similar date as well. This food festival brings food to another level and enjoyment to the tip of your ear.
Community Events News Sports
Thing Many People Missed from Argyll in Scotland
By forargyllc / September 2, 2018
Many people might have known the name of Argyll, the isle in Scotland. That is because this place has a lot of nice spots where many people can simply travel and enjoy all of the nice things that Argyll offers. Unfortunately, there are simple facts about this place that many people have missed. Here are some of those things. For the start, there are not many people who realized that Argyll used to be an independence and stand-alone country. It is true that nowadays Argyll is known as one part of Scotland, but in the past, Argyll was a country of its own. The history of this country was quite complicated so that only few people who understand the real history of this small country on the western part of Scotland. The second thing is that more than two third of the population of Argyll lives near the coastal line, at least less than a mile from the coast. It is true that Argyll has a quite nice and long coastline, but the fact that up to 73 percents of its population lives less than one kilometer is something quite unique. It is like most of those people prefer to have that kind of condition rather than the busy street and city as their place to live. The next one is that the number of inhabited islands in Argyll is quite high. Since Argyll is an aisle, there are quite a lot of islands that you can find in Argyll. For your information, the latest data that was taken in 2012 said that Argyll has more than 20 islands that are inhabited even though the size of the island is quite big, not that small so that people will not want to live in there. The last one is the fact that there are a lot of train stations in Argyll but the most favorite transportation is the ferry. This one is surely one thing affected by the fact that Argyll is an aisle. That means ferry is quite important mass transportation. However, the fact that there are 14 railway stations in Argyll supposed to help to spread the focus of the mass transportation even better. However, there are more people who prefer to have the ferry as their main transportation rather than the trains that the government offered. So, have you known all of those information about mentioned above?
Arts & Culture Enviroments & Wildlife News Sports
BBC ALBA documentary on Scottish working horses
On Monday 30th July – from 8.30 to 9.00pm, BBC ALBA is airing a documentafry on the lives of working horses in Scotland: Dileas – Working Horses.
Traditionally, Scotland has relied on iconic breeds such as Clydesdales and Shetland ponies – indispensable to generations of farmers.
BBC ALBA’s programming is a compelling and informative new three-part documentary series on the lives and roles of working horses in Scotland today.
Episode One of Dìleas – Working Horses sees presenter Angela MacKay visit Jackton Farm in Ayrshire, meeting the Steel family, who breed Clydesdales and demonstrate the work involved in preparing them for annual driving competitions.
‘A hobby that’s got out of hand’, they say.
From the largest Scottish breed to the smallest, this episode also visits the Shetland Isles where the island’s breeders are taking measures to ensure the quality of the breed is maintained to a high standard – and are also promoting their use as ridden ponies.
Episode Two follows National le TREC Champion Lianna Bourne and her horse Holly as they train and compete in a winter series competition, learning about the special trust required to become a good team in equestrian sport. Lianna and Holly have an unbreakable bond. She says: ‘To build a good relationship with your horse, it really does take time’.
The programme also follows professional eventer Olivia Wilmot and her horse, Axil, at the Blair Atholl Horse Trials, showing the work involved in competing at the highest levels of Eventing.
Finally, the series focuses on the work carried out by horses in modern methods of therapy.
Episode Three visits the Glasgow group of the RDA (Riding for the Disabled Association) and discovers what is required of a riding therapy horse in carrying out their vital roles in improving the lives of disabled riders. There are personal statements from riders with cerebral palsy.
This episode also looks into Equine Assisted Therapy and visits Castle Craig hospital in the Scottish Borders where therapist Aureol Gillan reveals how the unique temperament of the horse helps addicts through the process of rehabilitation.
The ForAgryll Lastet News
Twist and Turn in History of Argyll
Top Four Things to Do in Argyll Scotland
Fun Facts of Argyll so You Want to Stay
Secrets of Argyll You Need to Know
Five Stars Destination from Argyll, UK
© 2021 Forargyll • Create by Catch Themes
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Category: Etnies Published: 20 November 2015
Written by Super User Hits: 7062
The first skateboard shoes Etnies were established in 1986 in France and then wore name Etnics. The word comes from Etnics Ethnic, that gives the skate its own identity. Three years later, pro-skateboarder Pierre Andre (European Champion 1982) carries the brand in California, now renamed Etnies. The success of the company began to grow with the release of pro-model Natas Kaupas. Its popularity helped sales Etnies as a whole for the next few years. In fact, Etnies is the first creators of the pro model skate shoe.
In the US, Pierre Andre managed for a short time to develop Etnies Skate Shoes in the company, which is today. In many models the design was created personally by sponsored riders, with time appearing models wearing names skate icons such as Arto Saari, Ryan Sheckler, Bastein Salabanzi, Ryan Campell and Lee Dainton - just a few. By sponsorship, Etnies work not only skate riders and with the same success and promote BMX, Moto-X, surfing and snowboarding.
Etnies launched a successful line skate shoes for girls and children. The last child brand that has appeared Etnies Plus. It's about a new type of footwear naaplno inherited basis of Etnies Skate Shoes, but inspired by art, fashion and music. They are made of rare and unusual for the manufacture of footwear, materials and can only be found in selected stores worldwide.
For over 20 years Etnies has established itself as one of the most popular skate brands and sold not only in the world and in Bulgaria.
Official website: http://etnies.com
The current team of Etnies skate can see: http://etnies.com/team/.
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Etnies Blog About us Contacts Shops Team Gallery
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Google Keep, a New Service for Taking Notes
Carlos Jeurissen found some interesting hints about a new Google Drive app called Keep. There are multiple references to Google Keep in the GDrive code, including some URLs like: https://drive.google.com/keep/?note. In fact, the codename for Google Keep is "memento" and the MIME type for Google Keep files is "application/vnd.google-apps.note". Obviously, Google Keep is a replacement for Google Notebook, a service that has been discontinued back in 2009.
Carlos also found the service's icon and a short URL that redirects to the Play Store page for a non-existent Google Keep app.
Google has a cool Chrome extension called Scratchpad. It's great for taking notes and it syncs with Google Docs. Let's hope that Keep is better than both Scratchpad and Google Notebook.
Update: Android Police has some screenshots of the new service.
{ Thanks, Carlos. }
Labels: Google Drive, Google Keep, Google Notebook
please let this be true.
Tom March 17, 2013 at 10:28 AM
I think I'll stick with Evernote, given that it works well - and isn't likely to be suddenly discontinued!
Dan Jones March 17, 2013 at 6:28 PM
My thoughts exactly. Why would I need this when I've already got Evernote. This'll just disappear when Google gets bored with it like all their other cool projects.
@kstaxman March 17, 2013 at 9:06 PM
I feel the same way Google will have to show me a very good reason to use it and that it's not going to go the way of notebook, newreader, and so many other services they've came out with. Evernote has been here and shown that they have no intention of folding, selling out, or failing to keep innovating.
Ben March 17, 2013 at 10:30 AM
Yea, who cares. They'll just discontinue it after everyone has invested their time into it.
Rodneylives March 17, 2013 at 10:34 AM
Not only is it likely they'll wait until everyone relies on it to kill it, buy they've ALREADY killed one product that did roughly the same thing! No thanks.
Isaac March 17, 2013 at 10:34 AM
Yep, they discontinued Google Health, Google Reader, ... This is yet another to be discontinued.
Thor Dekov Buur March 17, 2013 at 10:34 AM
as far as I remember Scratchpad has been closed down.
gee March 17, 2013 at 11:27 AM
Nope. It was updated last month.
Previous rumors hinted at a Pocket type service: https://plus.google.com/u/0/100132233764003563318/posts/T4JF76TAXHf
Never going to try any new shit from Google again.
Curly March 17, 2013 at 11:34 AM
Bring back Google Notepad!
MattBluf March 17, 2013 at 12:14 PM
NO thanks, lost all trust
- anybody but Google experimenting on us.
MaBi March 17, 2013 at 12:38 PM
Thanks but no thanks, after they killed Reader I'm not trusting Google anymore. And this reminds me that I can now unsubscribe this blog.
James March 17, 2013 at 1:48 PM
And in future news, it was announced during Spring Cleaning 2015 that Google Keep was being discontinued due to the fact that you could just as easily post notes into G+ and remove all circles and accomplish the same thing.
Gert March 17, 2013 at 2:46 PM
I don't think it's that strange to close down some of the services they have. Google Reader is a nice product, but quite easy to replace, since it relies on content of others. And they also created Google Takeout to export all your subscriptions.
People overhere act like Google closed down GMail, YouTube or Google Docs.
Alex Chitu March 17, 2013 at 4:15 PM
Well, Keep will be a Google Drive app like Google Docs, Sheets, Slides, Forms, Fusion Table. It won't be an independent project like Reader or Notebook. If I remember correctly, no Google Docs/Drive app has been discontinued until now.
Notebook was integrated with Google Search and Google Bookmarks. When the integration with Google Search was removed and Bookmarks became a low-priority project just like Google Toolbar, Notebook stopped being interesting for Google.
I've always find it weird that the stock Android doesn't include a note app. Even if it may seem boring and simple, I think a note app is fundamental for a mobile device. It's always there for you to write to-do lists, ideas, quotes, gather data, test keyboard features etc.
Cheers to that!
Maybe I'm old and curmudgeonly but I always seem to compare every new PDA and now smartphone with my first Palm Pilot. Contacts and Calendars are always there and getting better and better. But Tasks and Notes seem to come and go.
Totally fed up with the constant churn of Google products & services.
I'm preparing for life after Google.
I need professionalism & reliability.
Cleber March 17, 2013 at 7:30 PM
Alex Chitu
>>If I remember correctly, no Google Docs/Drive app has been discontinued until now.<<
I'm fairly certain that GDocs Drawing is unofficially deprecated.
Sounds like a good idea but for me I'll stay with Evernote. I know it will be there and they have a record of innovation and growth that show they are going to be around for a long time. But for those not using Evernote I can see how "keep" might sound attractive.
Egidius March 18, 2013 at 1:39 AM
Wouldn't it be an idea to fix the Google Drive OSX app first before launching another product? It doesn't sync at all.
LarsJ March 18, 2013 at 6:00 AM
^^ what everyone else said. Google Notebook closed, Google Reader closing. Forget it.
Ruth O'Leary March 18, 2013 at 7:35 AM
I don't care if it's amazing, I wouldn't touch it with a barge pole: they'll just kill it whenever it suits them and leave users high and dry. I'll stick to Evernote, thanks.
RIP google...
Unkn March 18, 2013 at 9:49 AM
Hope it comes out soon. Evernote membership is coming up for renewal, and I don't exactly want to renew it.
Bob March 18, 2013 at 10:25 AM
I had a lot of notes in "notebook". Had they put that project into a caretaker status, they could have moved my notebooks over. Since they simply dropped the offering, I'm so over it now.
Now they dash reader, and I must move to feedly. They pushed me to evernote, pushed me to feedly, and I'm looking for a IG replacement.
Used to be All Google, now the number of different services is growing.
Sounds to me like the smart marketing is a lot like the promised smart government....
Same here I will stick with Evernote. I can save search results direct to it with Enginuity search engine.
http://theenginuity.com
dah_sab March 19, 2013 at 1:08 PM
As many of us learned with Notebook & Evernote, if there's a service you really need & rely on, best to pay for it. At least Google offers Takeout so, if we want to leave a free service, we don't lose everything.
andrius.zilenas March 23, 2013 at 2:52 PM
it's useless without keywords and categories!!!
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Home→Uncategorized→milka cow biscuit
milka cow biscuit
[10] Their products were introduced in Austria in the 1910s in order to spread popularity, and by 1913 the company was producing 18 times more chocolate than they did when at the original plant in 1880. Sell your Creams to wholesale international Creams buyers. Category People & Blogs; Show more Show less. Milka Slab - Chips Ahoy 22 X 100 G. 22 X 100 g Alpine milk chocolate with biscuits and chocolate pieces and Alpine milk cream filling. Milka Jaffa Chocolate Mousse. (Prices may vary for AK and HI.). Top subscription boxes – right to your door, © 1996-2020, Amazon.com, Inc. or its affiliates. There was a problem completing your request. Prime members enjoy FREE Delivery and exclusive access to music, movies, TV shows, original audio series, and Kindle books. Milka Jaffa Chocolate Mousse. Content on this site is for reference purposes and is not intended to substitute for advice given by a physician, pharmacist, or other licensed health-care professional. Rice Is Choco's Best Friend 40. The unique and famous Milka cow is now also available as crunchy cookie with a layer of soft melting Milka Alpine milk chocolate, imported from Poland. Milka Choco Cow 40g biscuits semi-dipped in Alpine milk chocolate. We recommend that you do not solely rely on the information presented and that you always read labels, warnings, and directions before using or consuming a product. The unique and famous Milka cow is now also available as crunchy cookie with a layer of soft melting Milka Alpine milk chocolate. This new cookie is shaped like Milka's "mascot" a cow, and it has a layer of Milka's milk-chocolate on the bottom, hence the name Choco Moo. Sold by ByEurop and ships from Amazon Fulfillment. Terms of use. Cadbury & Oreo Biscuit Assortment Carton 500g (3 customer reviews) £4.00. Disclaimer: While we work to ensure that product information is correct, on occasion manufacturers may alter their ingredient lists. Triolade 37. Introduced: 1901. Milka is one of the world’s most beloved – and recognizable – chocolate brands. Made with Alpine milk, Milka has been delighting consumers in Germany and beyond since 1901. Ingredients "Milka Choco Moo - Alpine Milk Chocolate Coated Biscuits 200g" Weizenmehl, Zucker, Palmöl, Kakaobutter, Magermilchpulver, Kakaomasse, Süßmolkenpulver (aus Milch), Butterreinfett, Vollmilchpulver, Backtriebmittel (Natriumhydrogencarbonat, Ammoniumhydrogencarbonat), Speisesalz, Emulgatoren (Sojalecithin, E476), Haselnussmasse, Aromen, Säureregulator (Citronensäure) See more ideas about Chocolate, Chocolate milk, Milka chocolate. Milka Chocolate Bars Assorted Bundle of 5 (Bundle #1), Milka Cookies and Candy Assortment (Bundle of 5), East Coast Bakehouse Chocolate Enrobed Milk Chocolate Chunk Cookies 160G pack, Grabower Kusschen German Chocolate Covered Marshmallow Kisses 250g / 8.8 Ounce …, Cadbury Roundie Milk Chocolate Biscuit (30g x 30), Japanese Rice Cake Mochi Daifuku (Assorted)15.8 oz, Milka Chocolate Assortment Variety Pack of 10 Full Size Bars - Randomly Selected. Biscuit partially covered with Alpine milk chocolate (28%). It's called Choco Moo. [2][3] For more than 100 years, Milka has been primarily produced in Lörrach, Germany, producing about 140,000 tonnes of chocolate in 2012. Sold by FRENCH MY WORLD and ships from Amazon Fulfillment. Milka Choco Cow. The brand, with its unique lilac-colored packaging and Lila, the Milka cow, have a dedicated “cow-munity” of adoring fans around the world! £1.23 per 100 g Add to Basket. Milk and Honey Cream ... Milka Chocolate Dessert 36. [10] By the 1960s the Milka script logo and its lilac packaging was trademarked, quickly becoming Germany’s number one chocolate. Milka Wafelini 39. Milk chocolate Milka with filling with vanilla & biscuit flavor Oreo 300 g. $9.99 +$6.00 shipping. Store in a cool and dry place. Please try your search again later. Your recently viewed items and featured recommendations, Select the department you want to search in. Please try again. In 1970, Suchard merged with Tobler to become Interfood. NIEDERSACHSEN, GERMANY APRIL 25, 2015: A bar of Milka Mondelez Oreo biscuit milk chocolate with the purple Chocolate chips cookies and milk. In 1901, the first "Milka" chocolate was packaged in the distinctive lilac-colored packaging. Milka - îndrăznește să fii tandru. [4] It is sold in bars and a number of novelty shapes for Easter and Christmas. Swiss Chocolates - Alpine Milk Chocolate Bars with Roasted Almonds, Reviewed in the United States on June 9, 2020, some of them came cracked but not surprised since it was shipped but good cookies, Reviewed in the United States on February 1, 2017, Reviewed in the United States on June 4, 2020. This shopping feature will continue to load items when the Enter key is pressed. [7], The brand's symbol is a purple cow with a bell around her neck, usually in an Alpine meadow. 35 ($1.24/Ounce) FREE Shipping on orders over $25 shipped by Amazon. During the 1890s, milk was added to Suchard's chocolate.[9]. Milka has sponsored many alpine skiing stars since 1995, including five World and Olympic champions. Milka is a brand of chocolate confection which originated in Switzerland in 1901[1] and has been manufactured internationally by the US confectionery company Mondelēz International (formerly known as Kraft Foods) since 1990. Sep 13, 2020 - Explore Jen Hartnett's board "Milka", followed by 6643 people on Pinterest. One of these items ships sooner than the other. While we work to ensure that product information on our website … Milka Chocolate Biscuits 150g (2 customer reviews) £1.30. Or should I say biscuit? Amazon's Choice for milka cookies. [14][15] During the 1990s, Peter Steiner appeared in Milka commercials. Unable to add item to List. Land O Lakes has milk in it. Now in small, convenient package. Nov 30, 2012 - Explore Iuliana Petrescu's board "C.H.O.C.O.L.A.T.E" on Pinterest. Milka Choco MOO Chocolate... Biscuits and Soft Cakes Milka Pralines feature a wide range of messages and formats to make emotional and every day connections with friends and loved ones and “say it with Milka.” Pralines 2017 Fact Sheet Large or small, available in many flavors! 4x/8x MILKA Happy Cow / Kuhflecken chocolate from Germany TRACKED SHIPPING. Reply # 177738. When you turn the cutter the biscuit does not raise as well! 80p per 100 g New Add to Basket. For more than 100 years, Milka has been primarily produced in Lörrach, Germany, producing about 140,000 tonnes of chocolate … [8] The following year, Suchard expanded his company and moved production to nearby Serrières, where he produced 25–30 kg of chocolate daily in a rented former water mill. Ingredients: Wheat flour, milk chocolate 28% [sugar, cocoa butter, skimmed milk powder, cocoa mass, whey powder (from milk) dehidratirana mlechna maznina, hazelnut paste, emulsifier (soya lecithin, E476), flavor], sugar, palm oil, whole milk powder, raising agents (sodium carbonate, ammonium carbonate), … Milka Choco - Satisfy chocolate cravings with our cow-shaped Milka Choco Cow Biscuits. [11] Interfood merged with the Jacobs coffee company in 1982, becoming Jacobs Suchard. Page - 83 Legal Disclaimer. © 2018 Mondelēz International - all rights reserved © 2017 Getty Images Statements regarding dietary supplements have not been evaluated by the FDA and are not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease or health condition. Milka is a German brand of chocolate confection which originated in Switzerland in 1901 and has been manufactured internationally by the US confectionery company Mondelēz International (formerly known as Kraft Foods) since 1990. The brand, with its unique lilac-colored packaging and Lila, the Milka cow, have a dedicated “cow-munity” of adoring fans around the world! Milka Choco Wafer. [13] In 2016, they further expanded their market into China. It also analyzes reviews to verify trustworthiness. This boat was dubbed the “Muhboot” (pronounced Moo-boat). Milka is one of the world’s most beloved – and recognizable – chocolate brands. Contact your health-care provider immediately if you suspect that you have a medical problem. Contact Info Phone: 713-835-3805 For additional information about a product, please contact the manufacturer. Biscuiţi în formă de văcuță, acoperiţi cu ciocolată cu lapte din Alpi (28%). Milka Choco Biscuits. It is sold in bars and a number of novelty shapes for Easter and Christmas. You should not use this information as self-diagnosis or for treating a health problem or disease. Other options New from $8.99. Your question might be answered by sellers, manufacturers, or customers who bought this product. See more ideas about Milka, Milka chocolate, Chocolate. Note: European Expiration Date DD/MM/YYYY. Make sure it is floured well. Everything is shattered to pieces, and chocolate is melted. Ellen (Ohio) says: Usually if someone is looking for a non-dairy or 'no milk' recipe they also cannot have butter. 15 cookies are convenient, resealable package, so keep the cute Milka Choco Moocookies fresh for longer everyday enjoyment. Just FYI, tip on using biscuit cutter, always cut down and bring it out. That argument aside, huge news, looks like the genius chefs over at German chocolate giant Milka HQ have only gone and … $22.47 to $28.11. We don’t share your credit card details with third-party sellers, and we don’t sell your information to others. … Milka Choco Minis. There was an error retrieving your Wish Lists. To calculate the overall star rating and percentage breakdown by star, we don’t use a simple average. Milka Choco Wafer. "Milka Oreo White" is a smooth melting chocolate delight made from white Milka chocolate and crispy original Oreo biscuit pieces. Cow Spots 22. Instead, our system considers things like how recent a review is and if the reviewer bought the item on Amazon. [6] Milka brand’s name is derived from a portmanteau of the product’s two main ingredients: “MILch (milk) and KAkao (cocoa or chocolate).”[7], On November 17, 1825, Swiss chocolatier Philippe Suchard (1797–1884) established a pâtisserie in Neuchâtel where he sold a hand-made dessert, chocolat fin de sa fabrique. After viewing product detail pages, look here to find an easy way to navigate back to pages you are interested in. Milka Choco Twist. [10] In October 2012, Kraft spun off its snack food division, which was renamed Mondelēz International. Produse; Biscuiti; milka.ro. Made with authentic alpine milk, these creamy biscuit desserts are semi-dipped in alpine milk for an irresistible treat. Actual product packaging and materials may contain more and/or different information than that shown on our Web site. This item is non-returnable, but if the item arrives damaged or defective, you may request a refund or replacement. Milka is one of the world’s most beloved – and recognizable – chocolate brands. In 2015, Milka used a lilac-colored boat with Lila the mascot on it to tour the rivers of Germany and Austria during the summer. Information and statements regarding dietary supplements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration and are not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease or health condition. Milka has sponsored many alpine skiing stars since 1995, including five World and Olympic champions. The cookie itself is crunchy and somewhat dry, kind of like a tea biscuit but much thicker. [7] In 2015, Milka used a lilac-colored boat with Lila the mascot on it to tour the rivers of Germany and Austria during the summer. Milka Jaffa Rasberry. Store in a cool and dry place. Milka & Lu Biscuits - Pack of 3. Amazon.com assumes no liability for inaccuracies or misstatements about products. Milka is a German brand of chocolate confection which originated in Switzerland in 1901 and has been manufactured internationally by the US confectionery company Mondelēz International (formerly known as Kraft Foods) since 1990. For the given name, see, "The history of Kraft and its many, many brands", "Eine ganze Stadt ist verrückt nach Milka", "Kraft Foods Chocolate Treats Make Easter Especially Delicious", "L'historique de Milka: comment est né le nom Milka", "COMPANY NEWS - 14.9% of Rowntree To Jacobs-Suchard", "Kraft Foods to rename snacks company Mondelez", "Oreo chocolate bars key to snack giant Mondelez's 'big splash' in U.S.", "Czech consumer 'harmed' after eating Mondelēz Milka chocolate", Images of Milka wrapper designs throughout the decades, "Milka Suchard" Advertising poster from the 1940s, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Milka&oldid=989373870, Short description is different from Wikidata, Official website different in Wikidata and Wikipedia, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, Kraft General Foods (formerly known as, 1990–2012), This page was last edited on 18 November 2020, at 16:45. Milka also produces chocolate-covered cookies and biscuits. $11.35 $ 11. Dessert Au Chocolat 23. They are named after their malt flavouring and milk content.. Please try again. Reviewed in the United States on June 24, 2020, Reviewed in the United States on April 2, 2020. Milka Choco Wafer 150g (Pack of 2) Themes were related around holidays such as Christmas and Easter and had chocolate cast into the shape of Santa Claus, Christmas ornaments, Easter bunnies and various sizes of Easter eggs. Milka Choco Cow. Milka Choco Biscuits. Produse delicioase cu … 100g (3.5oz) Shipping Wt. For more than 100 years, Milka has been primarily produced in Lörrach, Germany, producing about 140,000 tonnes of chocolate in 2012. [12] Kraft Foods acquired Jacobs Suchard, including Milka, in 1990. Please make sure that you are posting in the form of a question. Gullón Zeroh! Make Offer - Milk chocolate Milka with filling with vanilla & biscuit flavor Oreo 300 g. Sugar Free Dark Choc Digestive 270g The unique and famous Milka cow is now also available as crunchy cookie with a layer of soft melting Milka Alpine milk chocolate. Milka Choco Grains. 87p per 100 g Add to Basket. Milka Choco Cookies. Milka is a German brand of chocolate which originated in Switzerland and has been manufactured has been added to your Cart. Milka Choco Cow. Product of Poland. [7] In 1972, the Milka cow named Lila[7] became the face of their advertising campaigns and has remained so to the current day. Our payment security system encrypts your information during transmission. 4.6 out of 5 stars 185. Fox's Chocolatey Selection 365g (7 customer reviews) £4.50. Made with Alpine milk, Milka has been delighting consumers in Germany and beyond since 1901. The malted milk is a type of biscuit, first produced by Elkes Biscuits of Uttoxeter (now owned by Fox's Biscuits) in 1924. Milka Jaffa Rasberry. Ingrediente. Milka Chocolate and Biscuit 38. Milka Choco Twist. [16], Milka has put focus on “tenderness” being their main advertising theme since the 1960s. In 1972, the Milka cow named Lila became the face of their advertising campaigns and has remained so to the current day. Milka Biscuits (Homework) Choco Cow 20sec TVC. [10] By the 1920s Milka had introduced limited edition themed chocolates. [7], Milka is sold in a number of packages and flavors, according to where it is purchased:[17][18], This article is about the candy. NZD 2.99 Milka Choco Cow 40g NZD 14.99 NZD 11.24 Milka Double Filled Chocolate Biscuit XL 300g Bar BB 17/12/2020 NZD 5.99 Milka Strawberry Yoghurt Milk Chocolate Do not buy this. Milka Choco Minis. We do not have any recommendations at this time, Or get 4-5 business-day shipping on this item for $5.99
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